Vicipaedia lawiki https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicipaedia:Pagina_prima MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.15 first-letter Media Specialis Disputatio Usor Disputatio Usoris Vicipaedia Disputatio Vicipaediae Fasciculus Disputatio Fasciculi MediaWiki Disputatio MediaWiki Formula Disputatio Formulae Auxilium Disputatio Auxilii Categoria Disputatio Categoriae Porta Disputatio Portae Adumbratio Disputatio Adumbrationis TimedText TimedText talk Modulus Disputatio Moduli Event Event talk 2026 0 3793 3981942 3981743 2026-08-18T01:44:14Z Bartholomite 116968 /* Mortui */ 3981942 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Eventus currens}} {{Decennium|203|MMXXVI}} == Eventa == * 1 Ianuarii: [[Bulgaria]] [[euro]]nem [[moneta]]m induxit. * 3 Ianuarii: [[Nicolaus Maduro]] [[Venetiola]]e praeses a [[miles|militibus]] [[CFA|Civitatum Foederatarum]] raptus est; [[Caracae]] multis ictibus affliguntur. * 6 Ianuarii: [[Leo XIV|Leo papa XIV]] [[Iubilaeum anni 2025]] claudit. * 7 Ianuarii: Necatio {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Renatae Good||en|qid=Q137723290}} inter Operationem "Metro Surge" ad protestationes [[Minneapolis]] excitat. * 15 Ianuarii: [[Vicipaedia]], anno 2001 a [[Iacobus Wales|Iacobo Wales]] et [[Laurentius Sanger|Laurentio Sanger]] condita, annum vicesimum quintum celebrat. * 22 Ianuarii: [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]] ab [[Ordo mundi sanitarius|Ordine Mundi Sanitarii]] se recedunt. * 28 Ianuarii: [[Sarah Mullally]] prima femina fit quae [[Ecclesia Anglicana|Ecclesiae Anglicanae]] praeest. * 30 Ianuarii: Tria miliones paginarum ad acta [[Galfridus Epstein|Epstein]] pertinentium publicantur, multae personae publicae clarissimae toto orbe terrarum commemorantur. * 2–6 Februarii: [[Curdistania Syriaca|Curdistaniam Syriacam]] [[Ahmedus Husainus al-Shara|rectio Damasci nova]] sibi adiungit. * 6 Februarii: [[Olympia hiemalia 2026|Olympia hiemalia]] in [[Italia]] simul [[Mediolanum|Mediolani]], [[Cortina Ampecanorum|Cortinae Ampecanorum]], [[Pralatium|Pralatii]], [[Livignum|Livigni]] et [[Resinae|Ante Silvam]] patefiunt. * 21 Februarii: Bellum inter [[Afghania]] et [[Pakistania]] erumpit. * 28 Februarii: Civitas [[Israël]] et [[Civitates Foederatae]] impetum in [[Irania]]m faciunt, impetum praeemptivum appellantes. * 1 Martii: Irania [[Fretum Ormusense]] commeatui maritimo claudit. * 8 Martii: [[Mojtaba Khamenei|Mojtaba Husainus Khamenei]], [[Ali Khamenei|Alii]] necati filius, magnus dux [[Irania]]e eligitur. * 31 Martii: In [[Mongolia]], {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Uchral Nyam-Osor||en|qid=Q110962738}}, post abdicationem Gombojavyn Zandanshatar, primus minister iurat. * 6 Aprilis: [[Programma Artemis|Artemis II]] cum quattuor astronautis Lunam circumvolat et 11 Aprilis feliciter in Tellurem revertitur. * 9 Aprilis: [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitates Foederatae]] et [[Irania]] indutiis pactionem faciunt, colloquiisque ut discrimen inter se componant. * 26 Aprilis: [[Sebastianus Sawe]] Londinii primus homo [[Cursus Marathonius|cursum Marathonium]] minore tempore quam duabus horis perficit. * 3 Maii: Epidemia [[hantaviridae|hantavirus]] [[Andes|Andini]] ad [[quadragena]]m [[navis]] vectoriae ''Hondius'' ducit, tres mortui. * 16 Maii: Epidemia [[ebolavirus]] Bundibugyoensis in [[Res publica democratica Congensis|Re publica democratica Congolensi]] declaratur. Contra hunc typum neque cura neque vaccinatio nota est. * 23 Maii: Protestationes in [[Albania]], quae "Revolutio Phoenicopterorum" appellantur. * 25 Maii: ''[[Magnifica humanitas]]'', epistola encyclica [[Leo XIV|Leonis XIV]] prima, editur. * 12 Iunii: [[Elon Musk]] primus fit, qui {{num|1000000000000}} [[dollarium Civitatum Foederatarum|dollariorum Americanorum]] accumulaverit. * 22 Iunii: [[Keir Starmer]] se ab officio primi ministri [[Britanniarum regnum|Britanniarum regni]] abdicaturum nuntiat. * 24 Iunii: [[Terrae motus]] maior magnitudinis 7.5 in Venetiola complura milia hominum necat multaque aedificia concidit. * 1 Iulii: [[Fraternitas Sacerdotalis Sancti Pii X]] [[Esquinia]]e quattuor [[episcopus|episcopos]] novos sine mandato [[papa]]li consecrat. [[Leo XIV]] papa totam societatem [[excommunicatio|excommunicat]]. * 3 Iulii: [[Keiko Fujimori]] prima muliebris praeses civitatis [[Peruvia|Peruviae]] eligitur. * 19 Iulii: [[Turma Pedilusoria Nationalis Hispanica]] vincit [[Certamen Mundanum Pedilusorium (2026)|certamen mundanum pediludii]]. [[Turma Pedilusoria Nationalis Argentina|Argentina]] secunda et [[Turma Pedilusoria Nationalis Anglica|Anglia]] tertia sunt. * 20 Iulii: [[Carolus III (rex Britanniarum)|Carolus III]] rex [[Andreas Burnham|Andream Burnham]] primum ministrum [[Britanniarum regnum|Britanniarum regni]] constituit. * 26 Iulii: [[Thaddaeus Pogačar]], birotarius [[Slovenia|Slovenicus]], quintum [[Circuitus Franciae|Circuitum Franciae]] vincit. * 28 Iulii: [[Terrae motus Kumamoto anni 2026|Terrae motus Kumamoto]] accidit. * 30 Iulii: Octoginta milia [[migratio|migrantium]] [[Septa]]m e [[Marocum|Maroco]] intrant, 111 moriuntur, plerique remittuntur. * 2 Augusti: [[Arabia Saudiana]], [[Pakistania]] et [[Turcia]] [[Mecca]]e pactum defensionis subscribunt. * 12 Augusti: [[Defectio solis]] [[Siberia]]e et [[Hiberia]]e. == Nati == {{Nati desiderati}} == Mortui == * [[8 Ianuarii]]: [[Ludovicus E. Brus]], chimicus [[CFA|Americanus]]; natus est anno [[1943]]. * [[10 Ianuarii]]: [[Ericus de Däniken]], scriptor [[Helvetia|Helveticus]]; natus est anno [[1935]]. * [[13 Ianuarii]]: [[Georgius Basiliu]], politicus [[Cyprus|Cypri]]; natus est anno [[1931]]. * [[16 Ianuarii]]: [[Ludovica Diogo]], politica [[Mozambicum|Mozambicana]]; nata est anno [[1958]]. * [[24 Ianuarii]] ** [[David Abulafia]], historicus [[Britanniarum regnum|Britannicus]]; natus est anno [[1949]]. ** [[Gulielmus Foege]], [[medicus]] et [[epidemiologia|epidemiologus]] [[CFA|Americanus]]; natus est anno [[1936]]. * [[25 Ianuarii]]: [[Yi Haechan]], politicus [[Res publica Coreana|Rei publicae Coreanae]]; natus est anno [[1952]]. * [[26 Ianuarii]]: [[Sia Figiel]], poeta, scriptrix, et pictrix [[Samoa]]na; nata est anno [[1967]]. * [[1 Februarii]]: [[Rita Süssmuth]], politica [[Germania|Germanica]]; nata est anno [[1937]]. * [[11 Februarii]]: [[Iacobus van der Beek]], actor [[CFA|Americanus]]; natus est anno [[1977]]. * [[15 Februarii]]: [[Robertus Duvall]], actor et moderator cinematographicus [[CFA|Americanus]]; natus est anno [[1931]]. * [[19 Februarii]]: [[Polycarpus Pengo]], archiepiscopus [[Tanzania|Tanzanicus]]; natus est anno [[1944]]. * [[28 Februarii]]: [[Ali Khamenei]], magnus dux [[Irania]]e, ab [[Israel]]e occiditur; natus est anno [[1939]]. * [[1 Martii]]: [[David Oddi filius]], politicus [[Islandia|Islandicus]]; natus est anno [[1948]]. * [[5 Martii]]: [[Antonius Lobo Antunes]], scriptor et psychologus [[Portugallia|Lusitanus]]; natus est anno [[1942]]. * [[8 Martii]]: [[Antonius Iacobus Leggett]], physicus [[Regnum Britanniarum|Britannicus]]; natus est anno [[1936]]. * [[12 Martii]]: [[Ioachimus Wanke]], episcopus [[Germania|Germanicus]]; natus est anno [[1941]]. * [[14 Martii]]: **[[Georgius Habermas]], philosophus continentalis et sociologus [[Germania|Germanicus]]; natus est anno [[1929]]. **[[Christophorus A. Sims]], oeconomiae peritus [[CFA|Americanus]]; natus est anno [[1942]]. * [[17 Martii]]: [[Ilia II]], patriarcha Ecclesiae Orthodoxae Georgianae [[Russia|Russicus]]; natus est anno [[1933]]. * [[19 Martii]]: ** [[Humbertus Bossi]], politicus [[Italia|Italianus]]; natus est anno 1941. ** [[Carolus Norris]], artifex martialis [[CFA|Americanus]]; natus est anno [[1940]]. * [[22 Martii]]: [[Leonillus Jospin]], politicus [[Francia|Francicus]]; natus est anno [[1937]]. * [[6 Aprilis]]: [[Christianus Schwarz-Schilling]], politicus [[Germania|Germanicus]]; natus est anno [[1930]]. * [[7 Aprilis]]: [[Iacobus Whittaker]], alpinista [[CFA|Americanus]]; natus est anno [[1929]]. * [[8 Aprilis]]: [[Carolus Delhez]], presbyter et sociologicus [[Belgica|Belgicus]]; natus est anno [[1951]]. * [[9 Aprilis]]: {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Björgvin Halldórsson||en|qid=Q879495}}, musicus [[Islandia|Islandicus]]; natus est anno 1951. * [[19 Aprilis]]: [[Desmond Morris|Desmondus Morris]], zoologus ethologusque Anglicus; natus est anno [[1928]]. * [[24 Aprilis]]: [[Sophia Zdybicka]], philosopha et monacha [[Polonia|Polonica]]; nata est anno 1928. * [[6 Maii]]: [[Theodorus Turner]], vir negotii et philanthropus Americanus; natus est anno 1938. * [[25 Maii]]: [[Sonny Rollins]], saxophonista iazensis Americanus; natus est anno 1930. * [[29 Maii]]: {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Bryan Bergougnoux||en|qid=Q936402}}, lusor harpastum Gallicus; nata est anno [[1983]]. * [[6 Iunii]]: [[Osorius Citora Afonso]], episcopus necatus [[Mozambicum|Mozambicanus]]; natus est anno [[1972]]. * [[14 Iunii]]: [[Oliverius Tree]], cantor histrioque [[CFA|Americanus]]; natus est anno [[1993]]. * [[16 Iunii]]: [[Camillus Ruini]], cardinalis [[Italia|Italicus]]; natus est anno [[1931]]. * [[21 Iunii]]: [[Franciscus Guterres]], politicus [[Timora Orientalis|Timoracus]]; natus est anno [[1954]]. * [[22 Iunii]]: [[Alanus Greenspan]], pristinus praeses [[Systema aerarium foederale|systematis aerarii foederalis Americae]]; natus est anno [[1926]]. * [[8 Iulii]]: [[Anna Widdecombe]], politica Britannica; nata est anno [[1947]]. * [[11 Iulii]]: [[Lindsey Graham]], politicus [[CFA|Americanus]]; natus est anno [[1955]]. * [[14 Iulii]]: [[Ioannes Michael Maitzen]], astronomus [[Austria]]cus; natus est anno [[1943]]. * [[29 Iulii]]: [[Harrius Mitchell]], politicus Americanus; natus est anno [[1940]]. * [[31 Iulii]]: [[Francus Baresi]] pedilusor Italicus; natus est anno [[1960]]. * [[2 Augusti]]: [[Kay Granger]], politica Americana; nata est anno 1943. * [[3 Augusti]]: [[Iulius Duarte Langa]], cardinalis [[Mozambicum|Mozambicanus]]; natus est anno [[1927]]. * [[6 Augusti]]: [[Franciscus Guccini]], cantor Italicus; natus est anno 1940. * [[17 Augusti]]: [[Stanislaus Lalanne]], episcopus Francicus; natus est anno 1948. 1y6obp1b2b0xw3rsgv4kkssvhjhvnr9 3981959 3981942 2026-08-18T02:05:24Z Bartholomite 116968 /* Mortui */ 3981959 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Eventus currens}} {{Decennium|203|MMXXVI}} == Eventa == * 1 Ianuarii: [[Bulgaria]] [[euro]]nem [[moneta]]m induxit. * 3 Ianuarii: [[Nicolaus Maduro]] [[Venetiola]]e praeses a [[miles|militibus]] [[CFA|Civitatum Foederatarum]] raptus est; [[Caracae]] multis ictibus affliguntur. * 6 Ianuarii: [[Leo XIV|Leo papa XIV]] [[Iubilaeum anni 2025]] claudit. * 7 Ianuarii: Necatio {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Renatae Good||en|qid=Q137723290}} inter Operationem "Metro Surge" ad protestationes [[Minneapolis]] excitat. * 15 Ianuarii: [[Vicipaedia]], anno 2001 a [[Iacobus Wales|Iacobo Wales]] et [[Laurentius Sanger|Laurentio Sanger]] condita, annum vicesimum quintum celebrat. * 22 Ianuarii: [[Civitates Foederatae Americae]] ab [[Ordo mundi sanitarius|Ordine Mundi Sanitarii]] se recedunt. * 28 Ianuarii: [[Sarah Mullally]] prima femina fit quae [[Ecclesia Anglicana|Ecclesiae Anglicanae]] praeest. * 30 Ianuarii: Tria miliones paginarum ad acta [[Galfridus Epstein|Epstein]] pertinentium publicantur, multae personae publicae clarissimae toto orbe terrarum commemorantur. * 2–6 Februarii: [[Curdistania Syriaca|Curdistaniam Syriacam]] [[Ahmedus Husainus al-Shara|rectio Damasci nova]] sibi adiungit. * 6 Februarii: [[Olympia hiemalia 2026|Olympia hiemalia]] in [[Italia]] simul [[Mediolanum|Mediolani]], [[Cortina Ampecanorum|Cortinae Ampecanorum]], [[Pralatium|Pralatii]], [[Livignum|Livigni]] et [[Resinae|Ante Silvam]] patefiunt. * 21 Februarii: Bellum inter [[Afghania]] et [[Pakistania]] erumpit. * 28 Februarii: Civitas [[Israël]] et [[Civitates Foederatae]] impetum in [[Irania]]m faciunt, impetum praeemptivum appellantes. * 1 Martii: Irania [[Fretum Ormusense]] commeatui maritimo claudit. * 8 Martii: [[Mojtaba Khamenei|Mojtaba Husainus Khamenei]], [[Ali Khamenei|Alii]] necati filius, magnus dux [[Irania]]e eligitur. * 31 Martii: In [[Mongolia]], {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Uchral Nyam-Osor||en|qid=Q110962738}}, post abdicationem Gombojavyn Zandanshatar, primus minister iurat. * 6 Aprilis: [[Programma Artemis|Artemis II]] cum quattuor astronautis Lunam circumvolat et 11 Aprilis feliciter in Tellurem revertitur. * 9 Aprilis: [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitates Foederatae]] et [[Irania]] indutiis pactionem faciunt, colloquiisque ut discrimen inter se componant. * 26 Aprilis: [[Sebastianus Sawe]] Londinii primus homo [[Cursus Marathonius|cursum Marathonium]] minore tempore quam duabus horis perficit. * 3 Maii: Epidemia [[hantaviridae|hantavirus]] [[Andes|Andini]] ad [[quadragena]]m [[navis]] vectoriae ''Hondius'' ducit, tres mortui. * 16 Maii: Epidemia [[ebolavirus]] Bundibugyoensis in [[Res publica democratica Congensis|Re publica democratica Congolensi]] declaratur. Contra hunc typum neque cura neque vaccinatio nota est. * 23 Maii: Protestationes in [[Albania]], quae "Revolutio Phoenicopterorum" appellantur. * 25 Maii: ''[[Magnifica humanitas]]'', epistola encyclica [[Leo XIV|Leonis XIV]] prima, editur. * 12 Iunii: [[Elon Musk]] primus fit, qui {{num|1000000000000}} [[dollarium Civitatum Foederatarum|dollariorum Americanorum]] accumulaverit. * 22 Iunii: [[Keir Starmer]] se ab officio primi ministri [[Britanniarum regnum|Britanniarum regni]] abdicaturum nuntiat. * 24 Iunii: [[Terrae motus]] maior magnitudinis 7.5 in Venetiola complura milia hominum necat multaque aedificia concidit. * 1 Iulii: [[Fraternitas Sacerdotalis Sancti Pii X]] [[Esquinia]]e quattuor [[episcopus|episcopos]] novos sine mandato [[papa]]li consecrat. [[Leo XIV]] papa totam societatem [[excommunicatio|excommunicat]]. * 3 Iulii: [[Keiko Fujimori]] prima muliebris praeses civitatis [[Peruvia|Peruviae]] eligitur. * 19 Iulii: [[Turma Pedilusoria Nationalis Hispanica]] vincit [[Certamen Mundanum Pedilusorium (2026)|certamen mundanum pediludii]]. [[Turma Pedilusoria Nationalis Argentina|Argentina]] secunda et [[Turma Pedilusoria Nationalis Anglica|Anglia]] tertia sunt. * 20 Iulii: [[Carolus III (rex Britanniarum)|Carolus III]] rex [[Andreas Burnham|Andream Burnham]] primum ministrum [[Britanniarum regnum|Britanniarum regni]] constituit. * 26 Iulii: [[Thaddaeus Pogačar]], birotarius [[Slovenia|Slovenicus]], quintum [[Circuitus Franciae|Circuitum Franciae]] vincit. * 28 Iulii: [[Terrae motus Kumamoto anni 2026|Terrae motus Kumamoto]] accidit. * 30 Iulii: Octoginta milia [[migratio|migrantium]] [[Septa]]m e [[Marocum|Maroco]] intrant, 111 moriuntur, plerique remittuntur. * 2 Augusti: [[Arabia Saudiana]], [[Pakistania]] et [[Turcia]] [[Mecca]]e pactum defensionis subscribunt. * 12 Augusti: [[Defectio solis]] [[Siberia]]e et [[Hiberia]]e. == Nati == {{Nati desiderati}} == Mortui == * [[8 Ianuarii]]: [[Ludovicus E. Brus]], chimicus [[CFA|Americanus]]; natus est anno [[1943]]. * [[10 Ianuarii]]: [[Ericus de Däniken]], scriptor [[Helvetia|Helveticus]]; natus est anno [[1935]]. * [[13 Ianuarii]]: [[Georgius Basiliu]], politicus [[Cyprus|Cypri]]; natus est anno [[1931]]. * [[16 Ianuarii]]: [[Ludovica Diogo]], politica [[Mozambicum|Mozambicana]]; nata est anno [[1958]]. * [[24 Ianuarii]] ** [[David Abulafia]], historicus [[Britanniarum regnum|Britannicus]]; natus est anno [[1949]]. ** [[Gulielmus Foege]], [[medicus]] et [[epidemiologia|epidemiologus]] [[CFA|Americanus]]; natus est anno [[1936]]. * [[25 Ianuarii]]: [[Yi Haechan]], politicus [[Res publica Coreana|Rei publicae Coreanae]]; natus est anno [[1952]]. * [[26 Ianuarii]]: [[Sia Figiel]], poeta, scriptrix, et pictrix [[Samoa]]na; nata est anno [[1967]]. * [[1 Februarii]]: [[Rita Süssmuth]], politica [[Germania|Germanica]]; nata est anno [[1937]]. * [[11 Februarii]]: [[Iacobus van der Beek]], actor [[CFA|Americanus]]; natus est anno [[1977]]. * [[15 Februarii]]: [[Robertus Duvall]], actor et moderator cinematographicus [[CFA|Americanus]]; natus est anno [[1931]]. * [[19 Februarii]]: [[Polycarpus Pengo]], archiepiscopus [[Tanzania|Tanzanicus]]; natus est anno [[1944]]. * [[28 Februarii]]: [[Ali Khamenei]], magnus dux [[Irania]]e, ab [[Israel]]e occiditur; natus est anno [[1939]]. * [[1 Martii]]: [[David Oddi filius]], politicus [[Islandia|Islandicus]]; natus est anno [[1948]]. * [[5 Martii]]: [[Antonius Lobo Antunes]], scriptor et psychologus [[Portugallia|Lusitanus]]; natus est anno [[1942]]. * [[8 Martii]]: [[Antonius Iacobus Leggett]], physicus [[Regnum Britanniarum|Britannicus]]; natus est anno [[1936]]. * [[12 Martii]]: [[Ioachimus Wanke]], episcopus [[Germania|Germanicus]]; natus est anno [[1941]]. * [[14 Martii]]: **[[Georgius Habermas]], philosophus continentalis et sociologus [[Germania|Germanicus]]; natus est anno [[1929]]. **[[Christophorus A. Sims]], oeconomiae peritus [[CFA|Americanus]]; natus est anno [[1942]]. * [[17 Martii]]: [[Ilia II]], patriarcha Ecclesiae Orthodoxae Georgianae [[Russia|Russicus]]; natus est anno [[1933]]. * [[19 Martii]]: ** [[Humbertus Bossi]], politicus [[Italia|Italianus]]; natus est anno 1941. ** [[Carolus Norris]], artifex martialis [[CFA|Americanus]]; natus est anno [[1940]]. * [[22 Martii]]: [[Leonillus Jospin]], politicus [[Francia|Francicus]]; natus est anno [[1937]]. * [[6 Aprilis]]: [[Christianus Schwarz-Schilling]], politicus [[Germania|Germanicus]]; natus est anno [[1930]]. * [[7 Aprilis]]: [[Iacobus Whittaker]], alpinista [[CFA|Americanus]]; natus est anno [[1929]]. * [[8 Aprilis]]: [[Carolus Delhez]], presbyter et sociologicus [[Belgica|Belgicus]]; natus est anno [[1951]]. * [[9 Aprilis]]: {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Björgvin Halldórsson||en|qid=Q879495}}, musicus [[Islandia|Islandicus]]; natus est anno 1951. * [[19 Aprilis]]: [[Desmond Morris|Desmondus Morris]], zoologus ethologusque Anglicus; natus est anno [[1928]]. * [[24 Aprilis]]: [[Sophia Zdybicka]], philosopha et monacha [[Polonia|Polonica]]; nata est anno 1928. * [[6 Maii]]: [[Theodorus Turner]], vir negotii et philanthropus Americanus; natus est anno 1938. * [[25 Maii]]: [[Sonny Rollins]], saxophonista iazensis Americanus; natus est anno 1930. * [[29 Maii]]: {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Bryan Bergougnoux||en|qid=Q936402}}, lusor harpastum Gallicus; nata est anno [[1983]]. * [[6 Iunii]]: [[Osorius Citora Afonso]], episcopus necatus [[Mozambicum|Mozambicanus]]; natus est anno [[1972]]. * [[14 Iunii]]: [[Oliverius Tree]], cantor histrioque [[CFA|Americanus]]; natus est anno [[1993]]. * [[16 Iunii]]: [[Camillus Ruini]], cardinalis [[Italia|Italicus]]; natus est anno [[1931]]. * [[21 Iunii]]: [[Franciscus Guterres]], politicus [[Timora Orientalis|Timoracus]]; natus est anno [[1954]]. * [[22 Iunii]]: [[Alanus Greenspan]], pristinus praeses [[Systema aerarium foederale|systematis aerarii foederalis Americae]]; natus est anno [[1926]]. * [[8 Iulii]]: [[Anna Widdecombe]], politica Britannica; nata est anno [[1947]]. * [[11 Iulii]]: [[Lindsey Graham]], politicus [[CFA|Americanus]]; natus est anno [[1955]]. * [[14 Iulii]]: [[Ioannes Michael Maitzen]], astronomus [[Austria]]cus; natus est anno [[1943]]. * [[29 Iulii]]: [[Harrius Mitchell]], politicus Americanus; natus est anno [[1940]]. * [[31 Iulii]]: [[Francus Baresi]] pedilusor Italicus; natus est anno [[1960]]. * [[2 Augusti]]: [[Kay Granger]], politica Americana; nata est anno 1943. * [[3 Augusti]]: [[Iulius Duarte Langa]], cardinalis [[Mozambicum|Mozambicanus]]; natus est anno [[1927]]. * [[6 Augusti]]: [[Franciscus Guccini]], cantor Italicus; natus est anno 1940. * [[15 Augusti]]: [[Alexander Danilin]], [[psychiater]] [[Russia|Russicus]]; natus est anno [[1960]] * [[17 Augusti]]: [[Stanislaus Lalanne]], episcopus Francicus; natus est anno 1948. hwqz5ll1i6pirv0hyx30yznve5iy8v3 Indonesia 0 6064 3981878 3979989 2026-08-17T22:26:41Z LilyKitty 18316 de terrae motu anno 2026 3981878 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa civitatis Vicidata}} '''Indonesia''',<ref>[[Ebbe Vilborg]], ''Norstedts svensk-latinska ordbok,''ed. secunda (2009).</ref> rite ''Republik Indonesia'',<ref>''Republic of Indonesia,'' [[nomen proprium|nomen]] publicum [[Anglice|Anglicum]], usitate in tabulariis [[rectio]]nis, sed nomen ''Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia'' (Civitas Unitaria Reipublicae Indonesicae) in aliquot documentis publicis etiam adhibetur.</ref> est [[civitas sui iuris]] in [[Asia austro-orientalis|Asia Australi et Orientali]] et [[Oceania]] inter [[oceanus|oceanos]] [[Oceanus Indicus|Indicum]] et [[Oceanus Pacificus|Pacificum]] sita. ​In plus quam 17&thinsp;000 [[insula| insulis]] consistit, inter quas [[Sumatra]], [[Iava]], [[Sulavesia]], et partes [[Borneum|Bornei]] et [[Nova Guinea|Novae Guineae]]. ​Indonesia est maxima [[orbis terrarum]] [[civitas insularis]] et quarta decima a maxima orbis terrarum [[civitas|civitate]] per [[area (geometria)|aream]] digesta, quae 1&thinsp;904&thinsp;569 [[chiliometrum quadratum|chiliometra quadrata]] est. Circa 270 milliones [[incola]]rum habens, quarta a maxima orbis terrarum civitas est, atque maxima civitas in qua maior civium pars sunt [[Islam|Musulmani]]. In Iava, insula orbis terrarum maxime [[incola|culta]], plus quam dimidium [[multitudo|multitudinis]] civium [[habitatio|habitant]]. Indonesia est [[res publica]] [[praeses|praesidentialis]] in [[parlamentum|parlamento]]<!--"People's Consultative Assembly"--> a civibus electo condita. ​Civitas triginta quattuor [[provincia]]s comprehendit, ex quibus quinque praecipuum statum administrativum habent. [[Caput (urbs)|Caput]] est [[Jakarta]], cuius [[regio]] urbana est secunda a maxime orbis terrarum frequentissima. Indonesia fines [[terra|terrestres]] cum [[Papua Nova Guinea]], [[Timoria Orientalis|Timoria Orientali]], et [[oriens|orientali]] [[Malaesia]]e parte ac fines [[mare|maritimos]] cum [[Singapura]], [[Vietnamia]], [[Thailandia]], [[Philippinae|Philippinis]], [[Australia]], [[Belavia]], et [[India]] ([[Insulae Andamanenses et Nicobarenses|Insulis Andamanensibus et Nicobarensibus]]) partitur. Contra numerum civium regionesque creberrimas, Indonesiae sunt vasta loca deserta, quae unum ex maximis [[biodiversitas|biodiversitatis]] gradibus in orbe terrarum sustinent. Indonesia est una ex conditoribus [[Societas Civitatum Asiae Meridionalis et Orientalis|Societatis Civitatum Asiae Meridionalis et Orientalis]] et socius [[G20|Gregis 20]] magnarum [[oeconomia]] civitatum. Eius nominalis [[proventus domesticus grossus]] est septimus decimus a maximo orbis terrarum. Insulis Indonesicis est [[regio]] [[commercium|commercialis]] magni momenti saltem ex [[saeculum 7|saeculo septimo]], cum [[Sri Vijaya|Srivijaya]] et [[Majapahit]] [[merx|mercatus]] cum [[Sinae|Sinis]] [[India]]que facerent. == Geographia == [[Fasciculus:Indonesia map.png|thumb|upright=1.4|[[Tabula geographica]] Indonesiae.]] {{multiple image | direction = horizontal | caption_align = center | total_width = 260 | image1 = Presiden Sukarno.jpg | image2 = Mohammad Hatta 1950.jpg | footer = [[Sukarno]] (laeva) et [[Hatta]] (dextra), conditores Indonesiae, ac proprie primus praeses et vice praeses.}} Indonesia ex multis [[insula|insulis]] constat, inter [[oceanus|oceanos]] [[Oceanus Indicus|Indicum]] et [[Oceanus Pacificus|Pacificum]] sitis. Maximae insulae sunt [[Borneum]], [[Sumatra]], [[Iava]], [[Celebis]], et [[occidens|occidentalis]] [[Nova Guinea|Novae Guineae]] pars. Inter insulas minores, [[Balya]] celebratur. == Historia == :''Vide rem principalis [[Historia Indonesiae]]. Etiam: [[Iuramentum iuvenum]]'' [[Saeculum|Saeculo]] [[saeculum 19|undevicesimo]], Indonesia erat [[colonia]] [[Nederlandia|Nederlandica]] (nomine Latino '''India Batava Orientalis'''),<ref>Confer titulum operis ''Plantae Indiae Batavae Orientalis quas, in itinere per insulas Archipelagi Indici Javam, Amboinam, Celebem, Ternatam, aliasque, annis 1815-1821 exploravit Casp. Georg. Carol. Reinwardt'' (Lugduni Batavorum, 1856) [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_OJE_AAAAYAAJ Textus]</ref> sed anno [[1945]] [[libertas|libertatem]] capessivit. Die [[15 Augusti]] anno [[2026]], [[terrae motus]] [[scala Richteriana|magnitudine]] 7.7 regione Manggarai oriente fit, quod plus quam 47 homines necati sunt.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5y0zz63gero Powrful magnitude 7.7 earthquake kills at least 47 in Indonesia]</ref> == Sermones == Plures [[lingua]]e civitati sunt, sed [[lingua Indonesia]] est [[lingua publica]]; lingua alicuius globus capitis [[Linguae Austronesiae]] est.<!--?--> {{NexInt}} {{div col|2}} * [[Archipelagus Malaicus]] * [[Batik]] * [[Circulus Ignis Pacificus]] * [[Fretum Malaccense]] * [[Fretum Singapurense]] * [[Fretum Sundanum]] * ''[[Homo erectus]]'' * [[Insulae Moluccae]] * [[Joko Widodo]] * [[Lingua Iavanica]] * ''[[Piper cubeba]]'' * [[Suharto]] * ''[[Syzygium aromaticum]]'' * [[Alfredus Russel Wallace]] * ''[[Xenopoecilus poptae]]'' {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== {{multiple image|perrow=2|total_width=300 |image1=Rafflesia arnoldi 2013-12-31 21-48.JPG |image2=Man of the woods.JPG |image3=Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis).jpg |image4=Paradisaea apoda -Bali Bird Park-6.jpg |footer=Conspicuae [[species]] quae in Indonesia [[endemismus|endemicae]] sunt. [[Modus horologicus|Modo horologico]] a summa et laeva: ''[[Rafflesia arnoldii]]'' ([[Rafflesiaceae]]), ''[[pongo]]'' ([[Hominidae]]), ''[[Paradisaea apoda]]'' ([[Paradisaeidae]]), ''[[Varanus komodoensis]]'' ([[Varanidae]])}} * {{cite book|last=Cribb|first=Robert|title=Historical atlas of Indonesia|publisher=Routledge|year=[[2013]]}}. * {{cite book|last=Crouch | first=Harold | title=The army and politics in Indonesia | location = Ithacae Novi Eboraci | publisher=Cornell University Press|year=[[2019]]}}. * {{cite book|last=Effendy|first=Bahtiar|title=Islam and the State in Indonesia|url=https://archive.org/details/islamstateinindo0000effe|publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies|year=[[2003]]}} * {{Cite journal|last=Emmers|first=Ralf|date=[[2005]]|title=Regional Hegemonies and the Exercise of Power in Southeast Asia: A Study of Indonesia and Vietnam|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_asian-survey_july-august-2005_45_4/page/645|journal=Asian Survey|publisher=University of California Press|volume=45|issue=4|pages=645–65|doi=10.1525/as.2005.45.4.645|jstor=10.1525/as.2005.45.4.645}}. * {{cite book|last1=Fossati|first1=Diego|first2=Yew-Foong|last2=Hui|title=The Indonesia national survey project: Economy, society and politics|publisher=ISEAS Publishing|year=[[2017]]}}. *Friend, T. [[2003]]. ''Indonesian Destinies.'' Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0674011376. [https://archive.org/details/indonesiandestin00theo Archive.org.] * {{cite book|last1=Hadiz|first1=Vedi R.|first2=Richard|last2=Robison|title=The political economy of oligarchy and the reorganization of power in Indonesia|chapter=Beyond Oligarchy|publisher=Cornell University Press| location = Itghacae Novi Eboraci |year=[[2014]]|pages=35–56|url=https://ecommons.cornell.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1813/54629/INDO_96_0_1381338354_35_58.pdf?sequence=1}}. * {{cite book|last=Indonesia|first=Statistics|title=Statistical yearbook of Indonesia 2009|publisher=Statistics Indonesia, [[2019]]|url=https://seadelt.net/Asset/Source/Document_ID-184_No-01.pdf}}. * {{cite book|last=Kitley|first=Philip|title=Television, nation, and culture in Indonesia|publisher=Ohio University Press|year=[[2014]]}}. * {{cite book|last=Melvin|first=Jess|date=[[2018]]|title=The Army and the Indonesian Genocide: Mechanics of Mass Murder|url=https://www.routledge.com/The-Army-and-the-Indonesian-Genocide-Mechanics-of-Mass-Murder/Melvin/p/book/9781138574694|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-138-57469-4}}. * {{cite journal|last1=Mietzner|first1=Marcus|first2=Burhanuddin|last2=Muhtadi|title=Explaining the 2016 Islamist mobilisation in Indonesia: Religious intolerance, militant groups and the politics of accommodation|journal=Asian Studies Review|issue=42|volume=3|year=[[2018]]|pages=479–97|doi=10.1080/10357823.2018.1473335|s2cid=150302264|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326286879}}. *Ricklefs, Merle Calvin. [[2001]]. ''A History of Modern Indonesia since c.1200.'' Ed. tertia. Basingstoke et Stanfordiae: Palgrave et Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-4480-5. [https://books.google.com/books?id=0GrWCmZoEBMC Google Books.] * {{cite book|last=Robinson|first=Geoffrey B.|date=[[2018]]|title=The Killing Season: A History of the Indonesian Massacres, 1965–66|url=https://press.princeton.edu/titles/11135.html|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-1-4008-8886-3}}. *Schwarz, A. [[1994]]. ''A Nation in Waiting: Indonesia in the 1990s.'' Westview Press. ISBN 1-86373-635-2. [https://archive.org/details/nationinwaitingi00schw Archive.org.] *Taylor, Jean Gelman. [[2008]]. ''Indonesia: Peoples and Histories.'' Portu Novo et Londinii: Yale University Press. ISBN 0300105185. [https://archive.org/details/indonesia00jean Archive.org.] *Vickers, Adrian. [[2005]]. ''A History of Modern Indonesia.'' Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-54262-6. [https://archive.org/details/historyofmoderni00adri Archive.org.] * {{cite book | last1=Whitten | first1=T. | last2=Soeriaatmadja | first2=R.&nbsp;E. | last3=Suraya | first3=A.&nbsp;A. | year=[[1996]] | title=The Ecology of Java and Bali | publisher=Periplus Editions | location=Hongcongi}}. * Winters, Jeffrey A. [[2014]]. "Oligarchy and democracy in Indonesia." In ''Beyond Oligarchy,'' 11–34. Ithacae Novi Eboraci: Cornell University Press. [https://ecommons.cornell.edu/bitstream/handle/1813/54621/INDO_96_0_1381338354_11_34.pdf?sequence=1 PDF.] * {{cite book|last=Witton|first=Patrick|year=[[2003]]|title=Indonesia|url=https://archive.org/details/indonesia0000unse_i2g4|publisher=Lonely Planet|location=Melburni Australie|isbn=978-1-74059-154-6}}. ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Indonesia|Indonesiam}} {{Fontes geographici}} {{Asia}} {{Capsae collectae|Indonesia|politica|{{Praesides Indonesiae}}{{Ministri rerum externarum Indonesiani}}}} {{1000 paginae}} {{Myrias|Geographia}} [[Categoria:Archipelagi Oceani Pacifici]] [[Categoria:Civitates insulares]] [[Categoria:Civitates sui iuris]] [[Categoria:Condita 1945]] [[Categoria:Indonesia|!]] [[Categoria:Respublicae]] 2aqdk17ebusbgfg6rjr4nj6jimpkxs8 Leo XIII 0 6824 3981941 3948851 2026-08-18T01:40:00Z IacobusAmor 1163 3981941 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Papa | Imago = [[Fasciculus:Papst leo xiii a.jpg|300px|Leo XIII]] | Nomen papae = Leo PP. XIII | Nomen = Vincentius Ioachimus Pecci | Natus = [[2 Martii]] [[1810]] | Obit = [[20 Iulii]] [[1903]] | Predecessor = [[Pius IX]] | Papa = [[1878]]–[[1903]] | Successor = [[Pius X]]| Vexillum=[[Fasciculus:C o a Leone XIII.svg|thumb|center|200 px|Vexillum Leonis XIII]]| }} {{res|Leo XIII}} (natus die [[2 Martii]] [[1810]] [[Carpinetum (Latium)|Carpineti]] nomine Vincentii Ioachimi Raphaëlis Lodovici Pecci; die [[20 Iulii]] [[1903]] anno aetatis suae 93 [[Roma]]e obdormivit) fuit [[papa]] [[Ecclesia Catholica|Ecclesiae Catholicae]] ab anno [[1878]] ad anno [[1903]]. Die [[20 Februarii]] [[1878]] [[papa]] [[Ecclesia Catholica|Ecclesiae Catholicae]] electus est, et viginti quinque annos sedem occupavit. Sententia eius pontificatus est ''Lumen in coelo.'' == Vita == Vincentius Ioachimus Raphaël Lodovicus, Dominici Lodovici Pecci ac Annae Franciscae Prosperi Buzi filius, ex familia comitum Pecci nobilium rusticorum procedens, sextogenitus, tres maiores fratres (Carolum, Ioannem Baptistam, Iosephum) ac duas sorores (Annam Mariam, Catharinam) habuit. [[Theologia]]e in collegio [[Iesuitae|Iesuitarum]] [[urbs|urbis]] [[Viterbium|Viterbii]] studuit; postea etiam in Collegio Romano ac [[Academia nobilum ecclesiasticorum]] ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''Accademia dei Nobili Ecclesiastici''). Die [[25 Ianuarii]] [[1837]], [[sacerdos]] ordinatus est, et in variis officiis Romanae curiae detinuit. Die [[27 Ianuarii]] [[1843]], Papa [[Gregorius XVI]] eum nominavit [[archiepiscopus|archiepiscopum]] titularem Tamiatensem et nuntium apostolicum apud regem [[Belgia|Belgarum]]. Die [[19 Ianuarii]] [[1846]], translatus est ad sedem archiepiscopalem [[Perusia|Perusinam]], et [[19 Decembris]] [[1853]] a [[Pius IX|Pio IX]] ad [[cardinalis|cardinalium]] purpurem evectus est. A puero, Vincentius Ioachimus studiis Latinis se dabat et usque ad [[mors|mortem]] multa carmina Latina scripsit. == Pontificatus == Beato Pio IX defuncto, Pecci [[20 Februarii]] [[1878]] papa electus est et sibi [[nomen pontificale]] Leonis imposuit ad honorem [[Leo XII|Papae Leonis XII]], quem [[iuvenis]] admiraverat. Multiplices "difficultates" cum principibus aliisque potentatibus ex pontificatu praedecessoris sui exortae, Leo XIII diligenter ecclasiam illo saeculo ducere petivit. Res novae sicut [[Modernismus|Modernismum]] non amavit, sed [[Epistula Encyclica|encyclicam]] ''[[Rerum Novarum]]'' "de conditione opificum" et miseriis laborantium scripsit, quae adhuc hodie manet inter praeclarissimas historiae ecclesiae encyclicas. == Encyclicae Epistulae == [[Fasciculus:Leo-XIII Stummel.jpg|thumb|right|upright=2.5|Papa sicut successor apostoli [[Petrus|Petri]] et episcopus [[Roma|Romanus]] vicarius [[Christus|Christi]] valeat. Qui est Leo XIII. apud rotam gubernaculi [[Ecclesia|Ecclesiae]] [[Deus|Dei]]. Stampatum secundum imaginem de pictore [[Friedrich Stummel]] in [[templum|templo]] peregrinatorum [[Kevelarium|Kevelarii]] in [[Germania]] est. ''Die katholischen Missionen, [[Friburgum]] in Breisgau, [[September]] [[1903]].'']] Leo XIII inter diuturnum [[pontifex|pontificatum]] suum multas [[Encyclica Epistula|encyclicas]], accurate octaginta sex, scripsit, exempli gratia solum [[Maria (mater Iesu)|Mariae, matri Iesu]], et [[prex|prece]] [[Rosarium (oratio)|rosario]] dicatae: * [[Supremi apostolatus officio]] * [[Superiore anno]] * [[Octobri mense]] * [[Magnae Dei matris]] * [[Laetitiae sanctae]] * [[Iucunda semper expectatione]] * [[Fidentem piumque animum]] * [[Augustissimae Virginis Mariae]] * et [[Diuturni temporis]] sed multas alias scripsit: * [[Mirae caritatis]], de [[eucharistia]] * [[Rerum novarum]], de rebus socialibus praeclarissima encyclicarum Leonis XIII. * [[Humanum genus]], contra [[Masso|francomurariorum]] praeclarissima encyclicarum Leonis XIII. == Nexus externi == {{Communia|Leo XIII|Leonem XIII}} {{Vicifons|Scriptor:Leo XIII|Leonis XIII|lang=la}} {{Fontes biographici}} * {{BBKL|l/Leo_XIII|auctor=Ekkart Sauser|commentatio=LEO XIII., Papst|tomus=4|columnae=1451-1463}} * [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XLcw9qq6VTs&feature=related Series Papae Leoni XIII dicata] apud [[youtube]] {{Ling|Italice}} * [http://www.vaticanstate.va/IT/Altre_Istituzioni/Filmoteca_Vaticana.jsp Pellicula] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}}in Filmotheca Vaticana (fine pagina - pellicula 1) * [http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/leo_xiii/index_it.htm De Leone XIII] in pagina officialis [[Sancta Sedes|Sanctae Sedis]] * [http://www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu/01_01_1878-1903-_Leo_XIII.html Opera Omnia in diversis sermonibus] {{papae}} {{Lifetime|1810|1903|Leo XIII}} [[Categoria:Nobiles Italiae]] [[Categoria:Alumni Pontificiae Academiae Ecclesiasticae]] [[Categoria:Papae]] [[Categoria:Auctores Latini recentiores]] [[categoria:Leo XIII|!]] [[Categoria:Episcopi titulares Ecclesiae Catholicae]] [[Categoria:Episcopi et Archiepiscopi Perusini]] [[Categoria:Camerarii Camerae Apostolicae]] oycilukhup08hqmam37q8mbzjoebhlr Carolus III (rex Britanniarum) 0 7253 3981946 3949354 2026-08-18T01:55:39Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981946 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}} {{Capsa principis Vicidatorum}} [[Fasciculus:Charles, Prince of Wales.jpg|thumb|Carolus princeps Walliae pro [[Aedes Albae|Aedibus Albis]] in [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatibus Foederatis]] anno [[2005]].]] {{res|Carolus III}}<ref>[https://www.bremenzwei.de/themen/latein-nachrichten-september-100.html "Carolus III rex Britanniarum novus,"] ''Nuntii Latini.'' Titulis plenis "Carolus III, Dei Gratia Britanniarum Regnorumque Suorum Ceterorum Rex, Consortionis Populorum Princeps, Fidei Defensor" (''[https://web.archive.org/web/20210425102538/https://www.burkespeerage.com/royalFamily_UnitedKingdom.php Burke's Peerage]'')</ref><ref>Olim fuit [[Princeps Walliae]]: "Princeps Walliae" saepe, "princeps Cambriae" rarissime in fontibus Anglo-Latinis.</ref> (praenominibus Anglicis ''Charles Philip Arthur George,'' natus in [[Domus regia Buckinghamensis|Domo Regia Buckinghamensi]] [[Londinii]] die [[14 Novembris]] [[1948]]) est [[rex]] [[Britanniarum regnum|Britanniarum]] et quattuordecim [[Regna Consortionis Populorum|regnorum Consortionis Populorum]], matrem [[Elizabeth II (regina Britanniarum)|Elizabetham II]] secutus. [[Pater]] fuit [[Philippus (dux Edinburgensis)|Philippus Edinburgensis dux]], soror vero est [[Anna (principissa Britanniarum)|Anna, Principissa Regia]]. == Princeps Walliae == In [[matrimonium]] in [[Ecclesia cathedralis Sancti Pauli Londiniensis|cathedrali S. Pauli Londiniensi]] die [[29 Iulii]] [[1981]] sanctum, [[Diana (principissa Cambriae)|Dianam Franciscam Spencer]] primum duxit, quae ei duos liberos peperit, videlicet [[Gulielmus (princeps Walliae)|Gulielmum Arturum Philippum Ludovicum]] (natum [[21 Iunii]] [[1982]]) et [[Henricus (dux Sussexiae)|Henricum Carolum Albertum David]] (natum [[15 Septembris]] [[1984]]). Carolus Dianaque alter ab altero sese dissociaverunt anno [[1992]], et nodus matrimonialis eorum tandem perdissolutus est anno [[1996]]; Diana malo casu proximo anno obiit. Carolus postea uxorem alteram duxit [[Camilla (regina Britanniarum)|Camillam Parker-Bowles]] (nomine ''Camilla Shand'' natam). Coniuncti sunt die [[9 Aprilis]] [[2005]] in cappella palatina. == Rex == Diadema Carolo et Camillae uxori die [[6 Maii]] [[2023]] in [[Abbatia Westmonasteriensis|Abbatia Westmonasteriensi]] [[coronatio|rite positum est]] cum Corona Sancti Eduardi ex Archiepiscopo Canturariensi [[Iustinus Welby|Iustino Welby]]. Die [[5 Februarii]] [[2024]] ipse diagnosem [[cancer (morbus)|canceris]] eius per [[Domus regia Buckinghamensis|Domum regiam Buckinghamensem]] publicavit.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-68205659 Buckingham Palace statement in full: King Charles diagnosed with cancer]</ref> Die [[25 Iunii]] [[2024]], Carolus rex Ordine Supremo Chrysanthemi laureatus est a [[Naruhito]], Imperatore Iaponiae et rursum eum equitem [[Ordo Periscelidis|Ordinis Periscelidis]] fecit.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c2vvv2n00g8o Gifts and displays as Japan's emporor visits Palace]</ref> == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * "[https://web.archive.org/web/20150518232652mp_/http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/ng-interactive/2015/may/13/read-the-prince-charles-black-spider-memos-in-full Read the Prince Charles 'black spider' memos in full]"; "[https://web.archive.org/web/20150622102803/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/ng-interactive/2015/jun/04/read-second-batch-prince-charles-letters-in-full-black-spider-memos Read the second batch of Prince Charles' letters in full]". ''[[The Guardian]]'' (4 Iunii 2015) * Booth, Robert. [[2022]]. [https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/sep/08/prince-charles-heir-to-king-death-beloved-mother-queen-elizabeth-ii "King Charles III becomes monarch after death of mother, Queen Elizabeth II,"] ''[[The Guardian]],'' 8 Septembris 2022. * Dimbleby, Jonathan. [[1994]]. ''The Prince of Wales: A Biography.'' Bostoniae: Little, Brown. ISBN 0-316-91016-3. * Starkey, David. [[1994]]. "Travails of a Puzzle-Head Prince." ''[[Times Literary Supplement]],'' 2 Decembris 1994, 6-7. {{NexInt}} *''[[Hyloscirtus princecharlesi]]'' == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} {{Reges Britanniarum}} {{Principes Walliae}} {{Lifetime|1948||Carolus III (Rex Britanniae)}} [[Categoria:Cambria]] [[Categoria:Hydrochromatistae]] [[Categoria:Nobiles Angliae]] [[Categoria:Reges Reginaeque Britanniae]] [[Categoria:Socii Regiae Societatis Litterarum]] [[Categoria:Carolus III (rex Britanniarum)|!]] 2p4egnj6ocbo7k2du2y9x8xq50smgh0 Bataceae 0 7997 3981988 3254123 2026-08-18T07:55:19Z Ziv 172423 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Batis maritima male.jpg]] → [[File:Starr 010206-0250 Batis maritima.jpg]] → File replacement: changing the name of a duplicate file ([[c:c:GR]]) 3981988 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | name = ''Batis'' | image = Starr 010206-0250 Batis maritima.jpg | image_caption = Flores mares ''Batis maritimae'' |regnum = [[Plantae]] |unranked_divisio = [[Angiospermae]] |unranked_classis = [[Eudicotyledones]] |unranked_ordo = [[Rosidae]] | ordo = [[Brassicales]] | familia = '''Bataceae''' | genus = '''''Batis''''' | genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]] | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = ''[[Batis argillicola|B. argillicola]]''<br/> ''[[Batis maritima|B. maritima]]'' }} '''Bataceae''' ([[Nomen Latinum botanicum]] a [[Carolus Iulius Perleb|Perleb]] statutum) sunt [[familia (taxinomia)|familia]] [[Angiospermae|plantarum florentium]] cui unicum genus ''[[Batis]]'' est. Sex [[species]] sunt, plantae perennes ac [[halophyton|halophyticae]] (quae sal amant). Pleraeque Americanae sunt, sed ''[[Batis argillicola|B. argillicola]]'' naturalis est in [[Australasia]]. [[Sexus botanicus|Dioeciae]] sunt, cum florum spinis impompalibus, sed species Australasiatica monoecia est. Ambae species perennes humilesque ab 10 ad 70 centimetra altaesunt, prostratae sunt cum in novum solum colonias inferunt, sed cum habuerint radices, dummosae fiunt. Lucidae viridesque sunt, sed aliquando rufae sunt. Flores parvi sunt, editi in secretis spinis, a medio aestu ad autumnum florescentes. Aliquot botanistae ''[[Batis maritima|B. maritimam]]'' in quinque species dividunt cum ''[[Batis californica|B. californica]], [[Batis fruticosa|B. fruticosa]], [[Batis spinosa|B. spinosa]],'' et ''[[Batis vermiculata|B. vermiculata]],'' sed haec interpretatio non satis constat inter sapientes. Bati licet vivere in solis salatis. Cum ceterae plantae exponuntur in salatis humis vel aquis, servatam aquam perdunt, sed ''Batis'' adaptata est his locis et nihil obstat quin crescant. Ut iuvent vivere in spatiis salatis, folia spissa teguntur pilis minimis qui minuunt aquam perditam in auras. Pauca [[animal]]ia eam edunt quia salatior est, sed "alba cauda cervi" ''Bate'' maritima vescuntur partim. Orientales nani-caeruli [[papilio]]nes [[nectar]] horum florum conlegunt. ''Batis maritima'' rara fit in aliquot locis, et quidam sapientes putant eam addituram esse specierum indici in discrime, quamquam, introducta [[planta]] in [[Havaii|Havaios]], spatia omnia invadit. ==Notae== <div class="references-small"><references/></div> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat}} {{Vicispecies}} {{Fontes de plantis}} [[Categoria:Familiae plantarum]] [[Categoria:Brassicales]] [[Categoria:Monotypicae plantarum familiae]] [[Categoria:Halophyta]] [[Categoria:Taxa Perleb]] [[en:Batis]] [[pt:Batis]] s653z19cl81gkoi6yui9ppjn0hz1sh7 Aurelius Prudentius Clemens 0 8260 3981803 3981664 2026-08-17T17:06:03Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De operibus */ 3981803 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Prudentius 1564 tp.jpg|thumb|Prudentii opera (1564). Titulus]] '''Aurelius Prudentius Clemens''' [[poeta]] "Christianus Horatius" esse dicitur. == De vita == Natus est [[348]] et scripsit opera poetica post cursum publicum effectum, aetate 56, ab [[404]], ut in eius '''Praefatione''' legitur. Obiit verisimiliter ante casum Romae [[410]]. Apex vitae eius ultimae fuit peregrinatio ad limina Apostolorum, Romam, quod testatur in poematibus Peristephanon IX, XI, XII. == De operibus == Hymnos composuit variis metris lyricis, praecipue dimetris iambicis<ref>Friedrich Crusius, ''Römische Metrik''. München 1961. S.82: "Prudentius hat seine schönsten Lieder in iambischen Dimetern geschrieben." (Latine: "Prudentius pulcherrima suorum carminum dimetris iambicus usus scripsit.")</ref>, quos [[Stropha Ambrosiana|versus Ambrosianos]] nominant. * '''''Cathemerinon''''' librum unum (de horis temporibusque festibusque) * et alterum '''''[[Prudentii Peristephanon|Peristephanon]]''''' (ad martyrum laudem). [[Hexameter|Hexametro dactylico]] scripsit * '''''Apotheosin''''' (de Deo), * '''''Hamartigenian''''' (de mali origine), * '''''[[Psychomachia]]n''''' (de Virtutum cum Vitiis pugna intra animam et ad animam capiendam), * libros duo '''''[[Contra Symmachum]]''''' (adversus gentes). Necnon et (hexametro dactylico) '''''Dittochaeon''''', de Veteris Novique Testamenti narrationibus composuit. == De posteritate seu receptione == Prudentii opera permulti legerunt per Medium Aevum, specialiter in Caroli Magni aetate. Pars Prudentii poematum lyricorum in [[liturgia]] horarum etiamnunc cantatur vel legitur. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{vicifons|Scriptor:Aurelius Prudentius Clemens|Aurelium Prudentium Clementem}} * [[Vicimedia Communia|Vicimedia communia]] plura habent quae ad [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Prudentius Prudentium] spectant * [http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/prud.html PRVDENTI CARMINA: LIBER PERISTEPHANON (latine)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050802085633/http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/prud.psycho.html Prudenti Psychomachia (latine)] * {{CathEnc|12517c|De Aurelio Prudentio Clemente}} * [http://www.ccel.org/w/wace/biodict/htm/iii.xvi.cxii.htm De Aurelio Prudentio Clemente in] The Christian Classics Ethereal Library (Anglice) {{DEFAULTSORT:Prudentius Clemens, Aulus}} [[Categoria:Poetae Hispaniae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Hispaniae antiquae]] [[Categoria:Auctores Latini antiqui]] [[Categoria:Nati 348]] [[Categoria:Mortui saeculo 5]] [[Categoria:Epici]] [[Categoria:Poetae Latini Romae antiquae]] rmmqjbin67wmm9u2bthalu9x6ma2q8o 18 Augusti 0 8348 3981936 3908550 2026-08-18T01:25:34Z Bis-Taurinus 70496 Solitas emendationes feci. 3981936 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Calendarium-Augusti}} '''18 Augusti''' [[dies]] 230ª anni est (231ª [[Annus bisextilis|anni bisextilis]]) in [[Calendarium Gregorianum|calendario Gregoriano]]. 135 dies manent. Secundum [[calendarium Romanum]] est ''#ante diem quindecimum Kalendas Septembris''', quod a.d. XV Kal. Sept. [[abbreviatio|abbreviatur]]. == Eventa == [[Fasciculus:Ritratto di Giuseppe II d'Asburgo.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.5|[[Iosephus II]]]] === Saeculo 18 === * [[1765]] - [[Iosephus II]] [[Imperator Romanus Sacer]] fit. === Saeculo 19 === * [[1844]] - [[Ioannes Colettes]] successor [[Alexander Maurocordatus|Alexandri Maurocordati]] [[Primi ministri Graeciae|primus minister]] [[Graecia]]e nominatur. * [[1854]] ad usque [[7 Septembris]] - [[Obsidio Petropaulovsci]]: Inter [[bellum Crimaeanum]] [[Regnum Unitum|Britannici]] atque [[Secundum Imperium Francicum|Francici]] frustra portum [[Imperium Russicum|Russicum]] [[Petropaulovscum Camtschaticum]] obsident. * [[1866]] - [[Berolinum|Berolini]] [[Borussia]] duce [[Foederatio Germanica Septemtrionalis]] constituitur. * [[1888]] - [[Statio principalis Francofurtensis]] [[ferrovia]]e inauguratur. === Saeculo 20 === * [[1917]] - [[Thessalonica]] ingenti incendio vastatur. * [[1920]] - [[Rogatio Iurum|Emendatio XIX constitutionis Civitatum Foederatarum]] constituit, ut [[suffragium mulierum|suffragium mulieribus]] [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatum Foederatarum]] concederetur. * [[1962]] - ''[[The Beatles]]'' in urbe Birkenhead primum publice concinunt. === Saeculo 21 === * [[2006]] - Forma legalis [[societas cooperativa|societatum cooperativarum]] nomine [[Societas Cooperativa Europaea]] in [[Unio Europaea|Unione Europaea]] introducitur. == Nati == === Saeculo 15 === * [[1450]] - [[Marcus Marulo]], poeta [[Croatia]]e (†&nbsp;[[1524]]) === Saeculo 18 === * [[1748]] - [[Petrus Sonnerat]], [[explorator]], naturalista, [[botanice|botanista]] [[Francia|Francicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1814]]) * [[1750]] - [[Antonius Salieri]], compositor [[Italia|Italicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1825]]) * [[1752]] - [[Caietanus Filangieri]], [[iuris consultus]] ac [[philosophus]] Italicus (mortuus [[1788]]) * [[1774]] - [[Meriwether Lewis]], miles et explorator Americanus (†&nbsp;[[1809]]) * [[1792]] - [[Ioannes Russell]], primus minister [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britanniarum Regni]] (†&nbsp;[[1878]]) === Saeculo 19 === * [[1830]] - [[Franciscus Iosephus I]], imperator [[Imperium Austro-Hungaricum|Austriae]] et rex [[Hungaria]]e et [[Bohemia]]e (†&nbsp;[[1916]]) * [[1890]] - [[Gualterius Funk]], vir publicus [[Nazi]]starum (†&nbsp;[[1960]]) * [[1900]] - [[Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit]], politicorum perita et legata [[India|Indica]] (†&nbsp;[[1990]]) === Saeculo 20 === * [[1901]] - [[Ioannes Guitton]], [[scriptor]], theologus et [[philosophus]] [[Francia|Francicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1999]]) * [[1908]] ** [[Edgarus Faure]], vir publicus Francicus (†&nbsp;[[1988]]) ** [[Henricus Hellwege]], vir publicus [[Germania]]e et sodalis factionis [[CDU]] (†&nbsp;[[1991]]) * [[1922]] - [[Alanus Robbe-Grillet]], scriptor et moderator cinematographicus Francicus (†&nbsp;[[2008]]) * [[1927]] - [[Rosalynn Carter]], Prima Domina CFA (†&nbsp;[[2023]]) * [[1928]] - [[Lucianus De Crescenzo]], ingenarius et scriptor Italicus (†&nbsp;[[2019]]) * [[1931]] - [[Henricus van Mierlo]], rerum politicarum peritus [[Nederlandia|Nederlandicus]] factionis [[Democratia 66|Democratiae 66]] (†&nbsp;[[2010]]) * [[1932]] - [[Lucas Montagnier]], virorum studiosus Francicus, [[Praemium Nobelianum physiologiae et medicinae|praemio Nobeliano medicinae]] affectus (†&nbsp;[[2022]]) * [[1933]] - [[Romanus Polanski]], [[histrio]] et moderator cinematographicus [[Polonia|Polono]]-Francicus * [[1937]] - [[Robertus Redford]], actor Americanus (†&nbsp;[[2025]]) * [[1941]] - [[Mahometus Ghannouchi]], rerum politicarum peritus [[Tunesia|Tunesicus]] * [[1943]] ** [[Ioannes Rivera]], pedilusor Italianus ** [[Robertus Rosato]], pedilusor Italianus (†&nbsp;[[2010]]) * [[1944]] - [[Ernestus Thälmann]], * [[1946]] - [[Robertus Pazzi]], scriptor [[diurnarius]]que Italianus (†&nbsp;[[2023]]) * [[1952]] ** [[Mahometus Sarwar]], rerum politicarum peritus [[Scotia|Scoticus]] e [[Pakistania]] ortus ** [[Patricius Wayne Swayze]], histrio, cantor et saltator (†&nbsp;[[2009]]) * [[1953]] ** [[Ludovicus Gohmert]], vir civilis [[Factio republicana (Civitates Foederatae)|Republicanus]] Americanus ** [[Sergius Castellitto]], histrio [[theatrum|theatralis]] et [[moderator cinematographicus]] Italianus * [[1962]] - [[Philippus Calderon Hinojosa]], praeses [[Mexicum|Mexici]] * [[1969]] ** [[Eduardus Norton]], actor Americanus ** [[Christianus Slater]], actor Americanus * [[1981]] - [[Demetrius Salpingides]], pedilusor Graecus == Mortui == === Saeculo 4 === * [[353]] - [[Decentius]] usurpator, natus ignoto anno === Saeculo 5 === * [[472]] - [[Ricimer]], magister militum et patricius (*&nbsp;circa annum [[419]]) === Saeculo 9 === * [[849]] - [[Walafridus Strabo]], abbas, botanicus et poeta Germanicus (*&nbsp;[[808]]) === Saeculo 13 === * [[1258]] - [[Theodorus II Ducas Lascares]], [[Imperatores Constantinopolitani|imperator Byzantinus]] (*&nbsp;circa annum [[1221]]) * [[1276]] - [[Hadrianus V]] papa (*&nbsp;circa annum [[1205]]) === Saeculo 16 === * [[1503]] - [[Alexander VI]], [[papa]] (natus [[1431]]) * [[1559]] - [[Paulus IV]], papa (natus [[1476]]) * [[1563]] - [[Stephanus de la Boétie]], philosophus Francicus (natus [[1530]]) === Saeculo 17 === * [[1642]] - [[Guido Reni]], [[pictor]] Italicus (natus [[1575]]) * [[1654]] - [[Hugo Grotius]], [[humanista]], [[philosophus]], rerum politicarum peritus, [[theologus]], iuris peritus [[Nederlandia]]e (*&nbsp;[[1583]]) === Saeculo 18 === * [[1756]] - [[Erdmann Neumeister]], [[poeta]], theologus et [[hymnus|hymnorum]] scriptor Germanicus (*&nbsp;[[1671]]) * [[1765]] - [[Franciscus I]], Imperator Romanus Sacer (*&nbsp;[[1708]]) === Saeculo 19 === * [[1850]] - [[Honoratus de Balzac]], scriptor Francicus (*&nbsp;[[1799]]) * [[1865]] - [[Alexander Maurocordatus]], vir publicus et legatus Graecus (*&nbsp;[[1791]]) * [[1873]] - [[Carolus II (Dux Brunsvici)|Carolus II]], dux [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Brunsvici]] (*&nbsp;[[1804]]) * [[1896]] - [[Richardus Avenarius]], [[philosophus]] Germanicus (*&nbsp;[[1843]]) === Saeculo 20 === * [[1942]] - [[Erwinus Schulhoff]], [[compositor]] et [[clavicen]] [[Cechia|Cechicus]] necatus est a Nazistis (*&nbsp;[[1894]]) * [[1956]] - [[Rainerius Maria Woelki]], archiepiscopus [[Archidioecesis Coloniensis|Coloniensis]] * [[1970]] - [[Ernestus Lemmer]], vir publicus Germanicus et sodalis [[CDU]] (*&nbsp;[[1898]]) * [[1985]] - [[Edward Johnston Alexander]], [[botanica|botanicus]] Americanus (*&nbsp;1901) === Saeculo 21 === * [[2013]] - [[Rolv Wesenlund]], actor et comoedus [[Norvegia|Norvegicus]] (*&nbsp;[[1936]]) * [[2017]] - [[Bruce Forsyth]], locutator et ostentator televisualis [[Anglia|Anglicus]] (*&nbsp;1928) * [[2018]] - [[Kofi Annan]], politicus [[Gana|Ganicus]] et [[index secretariorum generalium Nationum Unitarum|secretarius generalis Nationum Unitarum]] (*&nbsp;[[1938]]) * [[2024]] - [[Alanus Delon]], histrio Franciscus (*&nbsp;[[1935]]) == Festa et Feriae == Commemoratio [[Agapitus Praenestinus|Sancti Agapiti]] (calendarium Romanae ecclesiae antiquum) {{menses}} [[Categoria:Dies]] idio50gyig0h55ou2udvqn63bgaosaa Campus Bassus 0 8797 3981932 3765380 2026-08-18T00:50:07Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981932 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Campobasso panorama.jpg|thumb|Despectus in Campum Bassum]] '''Campus Bassus'''<ref>{{Graesse}}</ref><ref>[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dcabo.html www.catholic-hierarchy.org]</ref> seu '''Campus Vassorum'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200925224532/http://www.centrostoricocb.it/pagine/notcampobasso.htm www.centrostoricocb.it]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20201128214050/http://www.regione.molise.it/web/turismo/turismo.nsf/0/7E9813953782B5B7C1257552003800B6?OpenDocument www.regione.molise.it]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210418231820/http://www.amicomol.com/Campobasso.html www.amicomol.com]</ref> (alia nomina: ''Campibassum'',<ref name=":0" /> ''Campusbassus''<ref name=":0">{{Sacco}}</ref>) ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Campobasso|Campobasso]]'') est [[Urbes Italiae|Urbs]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 54&thinsp;230 incolarum, locus princeps [[Regio Italiae|Regionis]] [[Molisium|Molisinae]] et caput [[Provincia Campobassensis|Provinciae Campobassensis]]. Urbani ''Campobassenses''<ref>[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dcabo.html www.catholic-hierarchy.org]</ref> appellantur. == Insignia == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di città.svg|''[[Urbs Italiae]]'' Fasciculus:Merito civile bronze medal BAR.svg|''[[Urbs nomismate aeneo ob virtutem civilem decorata]]'' </gallery> == Nomina latina urbis == Campus Bassus etiam ''Campus Bassi'' vel ''Campus Vassorum'' vocari potest. == Geographia == * [[Samnium]] (''terra''), == Praeclari cives == === Nati === * [[Alfredus Antonius Carolus Buongusto]], [[1935]], celeberrimus cantor == Ecclesia Catholica Romana == Campus Bassus, cum [[Bovianum|Boviano]] ([[Boianum (Molisium)|Boiano]]), [[sedes episcopalis metropolitana]] est; nomen sedis episcopalis [[Archidioecesis Campobassensis-Boianensis]]<ref name=cathier>http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/</ref> est. == Provincia == [[Provincia Campobassensis|Campi Bassi provincia]] Molensis regionis partem ad orientem vergentem occupat. == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == === Vici urbani === ''Centro Storico, Centro Murattiano, Campobasso Nord, San Giovanni, Vazzieri, Sant'Antonio Abate, Tappino''. === Fractiones === * ''Santo Stefano''. == Municipia finitima == * [[Buxum (Molisium)|Buxum]], * [[Campus de Petra]], * [[Ferazanum]], * [[Castrum Pinianum]], * [[Fanum Sancti Ioannis de Gualdo]], * [[Loretinum]], * [[Matricium]], * [[Mirabellum Samniticum]], * [[Ripa de Limosano]], * [[Vinculatorium]]. == Notae == <references/> {{NexInt}} * [[Molisium]] (''regionem''), * [[Provincia Campobassensis|Provinciam Campobassensem]], * [[Samnium]] (''terram''), * [[Urbes Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [http://www.comune.campobasso.it/ Situs Publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} {{fontes geographici}} {{CommuniaCat|Campobasso|Campum Bassum}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:Map of comune of Campobasso (province of Campobasso, region Molise, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium Municipii Campobassensis in Provincia Campobassensi. Imago:Cattedrale campobasso.jpg|Ecclesia cathedralis. </gallery> {{urbs-stipula}} {{Capita regionum Italicarum}} {{Capita provinciarum Italicarum}} [[Categoria:Campus Bassus| ]] 22mtmfbfihzl9pruyv2e92q2jfhahjq Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor 3 13667 3981818 3981748 2026-08-17T18:27:32Z Grufo 64423 /* Carolus: Cur titulus italicus? */ Responsum 3981818 wikitext text/x-wiki *[[Usor:IacobusAmor/Disputata anni 2006]] *[[Usor:IacobusAmor/Disputata anni 2007]] *[[Usor:IacobusAmor/Disputata anni 2008]] *[[Usor:IacobusAmor/Disputata anni 2009]] *[[Usor:IacobusAmor/Disputata anni 2010]] *[[Usor:IacobusAmor/Disputata anni 2011]] *[[Usor:IacobusAmor/Disputata anni 2012]] *[[Usor:IacobusAmor/Disputata anni 2013]] ==Categoriae urbium== I asked UVbot to move a couple. I mention them to you because you happen to have created them: [[:Categoria:Philadelphia Pennsilvaniae]] and [[:Categoria:Concordia Massachusettae]]. In pagenames and categories for US cities (others too, usually) we choose "Name (State)" so I thought it best for these to match the others. Hope that's OK. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:40, 1 Ianuarii 2014 (UTC) :OK. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:11, 22 Septembris 2025 (UTC) ==... et poetarum== You've adumbrated four "Poetae formalistici" and two "Poetae formalistae". Since there are six, it's more efficient to create the category than delete the redlinks, but please tell me which form of words you prefer! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 20:33, 8 Ianuarii 2014 (UTC) :The agent-noun derived in recent times from newly coined words ending in ''-ismus'' commonly (but not exclusively) ends in ''-ista,'' and ''poeta formalista'' ('formalist-poet') might work as a double noun, much like ''participant-observer,'' a term of art in anthropology. Consistency is to be effected in such words whenever possible, but which pattern is best remains unclear. For yet another option (with faults of its own), see the hidden code in the basic article on the subject of new formalism in poetry: [[Novus Formalismus]]. (Whether to capitalize the names of movements is a topic about which people will no doubt have opinions.) [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:31, 9 Ianuarii 2014 (UTC) ::OK, thanks for your reply. Let's try "Poetae formalistae", since it's shorter, and see if anyone disagrees. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:43, 9 Ianuarii 2014 (UTC) == ... et sagarum == You had probably forgotten the discussion at [[Disputatio:Iudicia de magia apud Salem acta]]. Because of this, while merging your page with the existing one, I also changed the categories. I don't think we ought to say that these ladies were witches, though some people certainly thought they were! For the present, there is no longer a separate category corresponding to "Salem witch trials" -- just a couple of more general categories, [[:Categoria:Iudicia de magia]] and [[:Categoria:De magia quaesiti]] (I hope that name works ...) -- but a more specific category [[:Categoria:Iudicia de magia Salemensia]] (for example) would meet the POV objection and could surely be created if you care to do so. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:47, 18 Februarii 2014 (UTC) == Welcome back Kotter == It's nice to see you back. I realize I still have far to go with latin but I would appreciate if you would hint a bit more to what would be wrong with the article.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 06:58, 1 Aprilis 2014 (UTC) == Adventures == I am appreciative of this page. I hope you don't mind if I peek and will make the necessary changes --slowly--? Thanks.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 11:20, 2 Aprilis 2014 (UTC) ==Portmanteau, a kind of , jeepney== Thanks for your corrections to Jeepney and your inputs about 'a kind of'. Portmanteau is great word to know but we can't use that word in Latin don't you think? Besides, in many current English dictionaries, it is a kind of travelling bag.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 09:34, 9 Aprilis 2014 (UTC) ==[[Candela canens]]== I like your candela canens article! I still am bothered a bit about how to translate feedback, which is a powerful concept.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 16:02, 3 Maii 2014 (UTC) :Maybe something related to ''responsum.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:12, 6 Maii 2014 (UTC) ::The Romance languages suggest ''retroactio'', ''retroalimentatio'', ''realimentatio''. ''Retroago'' is an attested classical word, so ''retroactio'' might be possible as a <nowiki>{{convertimus}}</nowiki>. [[Usor:Lesgles|Lesgles]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Lesgles|disputatio]]) 18:01, 7 Maii 2014 (UTC) :::I would like very much to suggest retroalimentation. The others seem like 'drive/push back'.Btw I can hardly do wiki these days because of my job.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 08:17, 21 Maii 2014 (UTC) ::::The concept has nothing to do with food. Since 11:03, 25 Martii 2017, the lemma has been ''retroactio.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:11, 22 Septembris 2025 (UTC) ==Talking of feedback ...== Hi, Iacobe. It would be good to have your answer to the last question I posed at [[Disputatio Categoriae:Pelliculae per civitates digestae]]! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:01, 5 Maii 2014 (UTC) :Last week of semester: grading papers, exams on Friday, etc. Busy busy. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:10, 6 Maii 2014 (UTC) ::While awaiting your reply there, I noted the redlink category names "Pelliculae documentariae atrae-et-albae" and "Pelliculae nigrae-et-albae". I'm going to delete these redlinks because (apart from being inconsistent with one another) these forms don't sound like real Latin to me. If I'm wrong, maybe cite a parallel? If I might be right, maybe consider instead "Pelliculae unicolores" or "incolores"? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 19:52, 20 Maii 2014 (UTC) ==[[Tosa Inu]]== Iacobus, please indicate what you think is wrong with this article. It will help me in the future. Thank you.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 10:39, 17 Maii 2014 (UTC) :Done long ago. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:47, 15 Iulii 2014 (UTC) == [[:Categoria:Studia Byzantina]] == Seems to me a useful, much-needed, long-desired category, but I don't see how [[Argos]] and [[Collegium Artium]] specially fit into it. That would need to be explained in the text of those articles maybe? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:45, 1 Iunii 2014 (UTC) ==Composita anorgana?== Dear IacobusAmor, I noticed that you created the [[:Categoria:composita inorganica]] in 2010. In English ''inorganic'' <ref name="Dorland2000">Anderson, D.M. (2000). ''Dorland’s illustrated medical dictionary'' (29th edition). Philadelphia/London/Toronto/Montreal/Sydney/Tokyo: W.B. Saunders Company.</ref> and in French ''inorganique''<ref name="Haan">Haan, H.R.M. de & Dekker, W.A.L. (1955-1957). ''Groot woordenboek der geneeskunde. Encyclopaedia medica.'' Leiden: L. Stafleu.</ref> is used (with an ''in privativum''), while in German<ref name="Haan"/> and Dutch<ref name="Haan"/><ref name="Pinkhof2012">Everdingen, J.J.E. van, Eerenbeemt, A.M.M. van den (2012). ''Pinkhof Geneeskundig woordenboek'' (12de druk). Houten: Bohn Stafleu Van Loghum.</ref> ''anorganisch'' is used (with an ''α privativum''). Earlier in English ''anorganic'' <ref name="Foster1891">Foster, F.D. (1891-1893). ''An illustrated medical dictionary. Being a dictionary of the technical terms used by writers on medicine and the collateral sciences, in the Latin, English, French, and German languages.'' New York: D. Appleton and Company.</ref> and in French ''anorganique'' <ref name="Foster1891"/> was also used, but English ''anorganic'' seems to be nowadays restricted to "denoting tissue (e.g., bone) from which the organic material has been removed".<ref name="Dorland2000"/> The adjective ''inorganicus'' is not attested in classical Latin.<ref name="Lewis & Short">Lewis, C.T. & Short, C. (1879). ''A Latin dictionary founded on Andrews' edition of Freund's Latin dictionary.'' Oxford: Clarendon Press.</ref> In case one would find such a word, one would expect that it would resemble the ancient Greek adjective ἀνόργανος,<ref name="Liddell & Scott">Liddell, H.G. & Scott, R. (1940). ''A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie.'' Oxford: Clarendon Press.</ref> instead of a hybrid derived from Latin in- and ancient Greek ὀργανικός. In Neolatin one can find ''anorganicus'' <ref name="Kraus">Kraus, L.A. (1844). ''Kritisch-etymologisches medicinisches Lexikon'' (Dritte Auflage). Göttingen: Verlag der Deuerlich- und Dieterichschen Buchhandlung.</ref><ref name="Siebenhaar1850">Siebenhaar, F.J. (1850). ''Terminologisches Wörterbuch der medicinischen Wissenschaften.'' (Zweite Auflage). Leipzig: Arnoldische Buchhandlung.</ref><ref name=”Schlickum”>Schlickum, O. (1879). ''Lateinisch-deutsches Special-Wörterbuch der pharmazeutischen Wissenschaften.'' Leipzig: Ernst Günther’s Verlag.</ref><ref name="Foster1891"/> and ''anorganus'',<ref name="Siebenhaar1850"/> the latter more closely resembling ἀνόργανος. By the way, English ''inorganic'' is also translated in modern Greek as ἀνόργανος.<ref name="Divry1982">Divry, G.C. (red.) (1982). ''Divry’s modern English-Greek and Greek-English desk dictionary.'' New York: D.C. Divry. Inc., Publishers.</ref> I would like to suggest a move to ''composita anorgana''. In ancient Greek ἀνόργανος is both the form for the masculinum and femininum with ἀνόργανον for the neutrum. My source for anorganus only specified the masculinum, but we could use anorganus/-us/-um (M/F/N)? I would like to know whether you would agree. In case this request is unfounded, I would appreciate it, if you could explain possible objections. With kind regards, [[Usor:Wimpus|Wimpus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Wimpus|disputatio]]) 14:54, 14 Iulii 2014 (UTC) :Thanks for the question. I hadn't thought about it, but Google suggests that ''inorganicus'' is in well-established Latin use, going back at least as far as [[Franciscus Bacon|Francis Bacon]] ([http://books.google.com/books?id=a6PV3Lbk_jwC&pg=PT123&lpg=PT123&dq=inorganicum+bacon&source=bl&ots=wHZlyzlpMX&sig=tiVjerFP7znI0x-z41mdMGgFB6s&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Bg_FU_6KIei-8QHfqoDgCQ&ved=0CCIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=inorganicum%20bacon&f=false hic]), and of course to the works of [[Linnaeus]] ([http://books.google.com/books?id=WlsUAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA1356&lpg=PA1356&dq=inorganicum&source=bl&ots=R1uvaa7UfB&sig=bYTMF6sqcdBiOMFJtN1rDjVBjZs&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jQ7FU_DpKIiV8gHz64Bw&ved=0CCUQ6AEwAjgU#v=onepage&q=inorganicum&f=false hic]) and other authors (e.g., [http://books.google.com/books?id=1QgUAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR13&lpg=PR13&dq=inorganicum&source=bl&ots=6t8wKAcrVc&sig=Jmwv54-bbmBjJagYxpQVT_B5HLg&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Rw3FU4CtBImT8AHUl4GIDQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=inorganicum&f=false ''The Elements of Materia Medica''] (1839) and [http://books.google.com/books/about/Cursus_philosophiae_naturalis_de_inorgan.html?id=kD6_mAEACAAJ ''Cursus philosophiae naturalis, de inorganicis, de vita vegetativa. . .'' (1912)]). The OED traces English ''inorganic(al)'' back to 1621, but ''anorganic'' only to the late nineteenth century. If in an encyclopedia, as in dictionaries and biological taxonomies, prior use has pride of place over later use, then Bacon and Linnaeus trump Kraus (1844), Siebenhaar (1850), Schlockum (1879) and Divry (1982). Generally, like you, I cultivate a classical style, though we have to allow for the exigencies of technical terminology. Regarding categories, perhaps it's best to wait for the return of Andrew, nostri regis categoriarum. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:32, 15 Iulii 2014 (UTC) ::If it's of interest: ''Cassell's Latin Dictionary,'' focusing on the classical idiom, reports: :::'''inorganic,''' render by phrase, referring to life (''vita'') or growth (''crescĕre''). [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 21:49, 15 Iulii 2014 (UTC) ::::Dear Iacobus, thanks for the sources. It seems that inorganicus is slightly older. The earliest source I can find currently is from [http://books.google.nl/books?id=cWtPAAAAcAAJ&pg=PT31&dq=anorganicum&hl=nl&sa=X&ei=4FPGU_elOuHJ0QXqroCgCw&ved=0CCYQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=anorganicum&f=false 1700] for anorganicum and from [http://reader.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/fs1/object/display/bsb10523623_00069.html?contextType=scan&contextSort=score%2Cdescending&contextRows=10&context=anorexia 1673] for anorganus. I know that the principle of priority is used in botanical Latin. In terminici technici from other disciplines, like anatomy for example, priority is less of a concern as many terminici technici change over time. The official nomenclature committee declared that they do not want to change terms to often, but over the last 120 years some terms went through three or four revisions. Although the official nomenclature committee dictates to use their latest approved list of anatomic terms, different spellings/forms can be found within the same list, with some spellings more adhering to classical Latin or their ancient Greek roots than others. Kraus' earlier publication ''Kritisch-etymologisches medicinisches Lexikon'' was devised to correct incorrect forms and spellings used by his contemporaries and predecessors. Although I can not find ''inorganicus'' in his Lexikon, I think he would probably remark that the form would be ''falsch'' and would suggest ''anorganicus''. Unfortunately Kraus didn't list the more rare ''anorganus'' as can be found in Siebenhaar's dictionary. But I find it an excellent idea to wait for Andrew's input! With kind regards and thanks for the response, [[Usor:Wimpus|Wimpus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Wimpus|disputatio]]) 11:04, 16 Iulii 2014 (UTC) :Nice of you to invite me to comment, gentlemen! On the minor issue of how to form the feminine (you probably knew this, Iacobe? Greek adjectives normally have a feminine in -a/-e if they are simple words, but in -os if they are compounds) I believe that it is very rare in Latin to transfer -us -us -um from Greek, and that it would startle readers, so we should prefer -us -a -um. :On the major issue, I really don't know what's best. In an article we can of course list all three attested forms, but in a category name we have to choose one. My initial inclination is to say that if "inorganicus" goes back as far as Bacon, and is additionally close to the form in many modern languages (though admittedly not modern Greek), it will be much more familiar to readers and may deserve a slight preference for that reason. Also, to me, Greek "anorganos" ought not really to have the required meaning: it ought to mean "without an organ". What do you say to that, Wimpus? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:46, 24 Iulii 2014 (UTC) ::Dear Andrew, thank you for response and insights. Regarding the feminine: there are a lot of Greek loan adjectives in the Tensaurus Italograecus<ref name="Saalfeld1884">Saalfeld, G.A.E.A. (1884). ''Tensaurus Italograecus. Ausführliches historisch-kritisches Wörterbuch der Griechischen Lehn- und Fremdwörter im Lateinischen.'' Wien: Druck und Verlag von Carl Gerold's Sohn, Buchhändler der Kaiserl. Akademie der Wissenschaften.</ref> that have two endings, i.e. -os for the masculine and femine and -on for the neuter. And there are by the way alot of feminine loan nouns that end on -os (anhydros, diametros). In case one wants to ''import'' a word from Greek into Latin one can stick to the Greek form on ''os''. Some people<ref name=”Miller1897”>Miller, W. (1897). Scientific names of Latin and Greek derivation. ''Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 3''(1), 115-143, p.127</ref> however cast doubt on the Latinitas of this procedure to keep the Greek ending intact: :::"Of course, there can be no question about the existence of forms in -os for Greek -ος and -on for -ov in a certain class of writers of the Silver Age, when, according to that same Juvenal, Rome was more Greek than Latin. Apuleius occasionally so transliterates; but it is simply one of his many Greek mannerisms. Pliny the Elder is responsible for the most of the transgressions of that law which are to be found in the dictionaries; his reason for such violation of the Latin law is found in his desire to present the technical or scientific words of his Greek original in an untranslated, unchanged form. The same phenomenon, with the same reason underlying, is to be found in the Church Fathers. And so we have, hammo-chrysos, hady-osmos, ophidion, gingidion, and many more; most of them, as I said, are Pliny's Latin, but Pliny's solecisms or mannerisms should not be good enough for any one when a better than Pliny (in point of Latinity, at least) can be found; and the law both before and after Pliny was: Greek ος is Latin -us, and Greek -ov is Latin -um." ::For a Greek adjective of two endings one can create a masculine adjective on ''us''. But do we have to create a third ending on -a for the feminine? In the Tensaurus Italograecus there are enough examples of Greek loan adjectives on ος/ov that became -us/-a/-um in Latin. However, are these exact forms in each gender attested? Miller<ref name=”Miller1897”>Miller, W. (1897). Scientific names of Latin and Greek derivation. ''Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 3''(1), 115-143, p.133</ref> comments on this procedure: :::"In general, it is arbitrary and inexact to make adjectives of three endings in Latin out of Greek adjectives of two endings. The old Latinists used the form in -us for both masculine and feminine, and -um for the neuter; e. g. curo-troph-us (-os), masc. and fem., curo-troph-um (-on), neut.; dory-phorus, masc. and fem., dory-phorum, neut.; disco-phorus, masc. and fem.; eu-petalus, masc. and fem.; poly-stomus, masc. and fem., -um, neut. The only exception I find given in the Latin dictionary is di-somus, -a, -um; but that is erroneous and should read disomus,- um." ::I only have difficulties in finding these aforementioned forms as adjectives (as adjectives: curotrophoe<ref name="Lewis & Short">Lewis, C.T. & Short, C. (1879). ''A Latin dictionary founded on Andrews' edition of Freund's Latin dictionary.'' Oxford: Clarendon Press.</ref><ref name="Saalfeld1884"/>, it seems like a plural feminine). So I have to try harder. But, it seems a complicated issue. ::As you have mentioned, Ancient Greek ἀνόργανος is translated as "without instruments"<ref name="Liddell & Scott"/> or "without organs (zonder organen)"<ref name="Muller1932">Muller, F. (1932). ''Grieksch woordenboek.'' (3de druk). Groningen/Den Haag/Batavia: J.B. Wolters’ Uitgevers-Maatschappij N.V.</ref> and ὀργανικός is translated as "serving as organs or instruments, instrumental"<ref name="Liddell & Scott"/> In this respect, it seems like ἀνόργανος is related (negatively) to ὀργανικός. But to make it more complicated, in Ancient Greek the adjective ὄργανος/η/ον is also attested with the meaning "working, forming"<ref name="Liddell & Scott"/> as well as the verb ὀργανόω, "to be organized"<ref name="Liddell & Scott"/> (hence anorganus as "nicht-organisiert"?). So, could anorganus can also be seen as the opposite of organicus? As I mentioned earlier, English ''inorganic'' is also translated in modern Greek as ἀνόργανος.<ref name="Divry1982"/> Or is ἀνοργανικός also attested as translation of English ''inorganic''? I must admit, that I am more accustomed to the form with the alpha privativum and not with the in privativum as in my native tongue (Dutch), the adjective is ''anorganisch''. Maybe I have created even more confusion. My apologies :) With kind regards, [[Usor:Wimpus|Wimpus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Wimpus|disputatio]]) 21:39, 24 Iulii 2014 (UTC) ==Notae== <div class="references-small"><references/></div> ==Ironman== Thank you for your Ironman dubsigs! They will help me and other latin enthusiasts to improve our latin.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 00:46, 25 Iulii 2014 (UTC) I hate to admit it but I guess it deserved a latinatis. I guess I have to look really hard with the other ones. --[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 00:57, 25 Iulii 2014 (UTC) ==Accusative of respect== What do you think about it? Is it not recommended to use?--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 00:50, 25 Iulii 2014 (UTC) :Gildersleeve (#338) implies it's a Greekism, a verbal tic of Sallust & Livy, and "much more common in the poets": "Good prose uses the Ablative for [it]." No matter how we look at it, your ''cordem'' isn't the accusative of ''[[cor]].'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:16, 25 Iulii 2014 (UTC) I know now, cordem was a mistake, good catch! I will try my best to avoid Greekism, but shouldn't we use more of fundamental grammar? Books on higher prose are not too available.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 16:35, 26 Iulii 2014 (UTC) :Forgive me for intruding, o amici. In these terms the alternative to "prose" is "poetry". I don't think it's a good idea for us to try to write like the poets :) We really are writing prose. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 17:05, 26 Iulii 2014 (UTC) ::Hey, I was going to say that! :) [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 20:09, 26 Iulii 2014 (UTC) It is great to have people like you around. The rest of us are not Latin specialists, eg we need to stick to basic grammar. Which also brings me to the question, I see a lot 'this is used in poetry' in my Teach Yourself Latin book(can't remember any grammar rule now). I'm, sure it is ok to use them here right?--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 18:16, 26 Iulii 2014 (UTC) :It depends on how peculiar or self-conscious you want to sound. If a grammar says "used in poetry," it's probably warning you to be careful about using it in prose. As a rule, check any hints about usage that dictionaries give. They may say point-blank that a word is poetic: for 'sword', Cassell's offers "''gladius, ensis'' (poet.), ''ferrum'' (esp. in general or abstract sense)." Or you may have to figure it out for yourself from the citations given: for ''gladius,'' Cassell's cites Caesar, Cicero, Vergil, Livy; for ''ensis,'' it cites Lucretius, Livy, and Vergil. Those sets of authors alone tell you that ''gladius'' is going to be perfectly acceptable in prose, but ''ensis'' has the danger of evoking poetry, or at least sounding a little odd. Maybe the situation there is like ''sword'' and ''blade'' in English: the latter (like ''ensis'') can be found in prose, but it's not the usual term, so it might lead a reader to wonder what's afoot. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 20:09, 26 Iulii 2014 (UTC) I meant to say in the summary, Welcome ^<u>back</u>^ Andrew!--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 18:18, 26 Iulii 2014 (UTC) ==Lingua Gesticulatoriae== ciao, come va?? ho fatto qualche errore?? --[[Usor:SurdusVII|SurdusVII]] [[Disputatio Usoris:SurdusVII|''(LIS)'']] 16:50, 2 Augusti 2014 (UTC) :cari amici [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] e [[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]], allora vi dico che i numeri delle statistiche, purtroppo non è *perfetto*, perchè non è facile avere numeri ufficiali, ma solo su Istituzioni come la EUD o la WFD qualcosa sui numeri si sa qualcosa ma non sempre purtroppo... :quanto ai termini per favore non scrivete ''NON UDENTE'' in quanto è un termine offensivo, quindi propongo di usare semplicemente i termini come ''Deaf People'', ok?? :se avete dubbi o problemi da chiarire riguardo alla conoscenza della Comunità Sorda, chiedimi pure... :Ave Dux :D ciao a tutti e 2! --[[Usor:SurdusVII|SurdusVII]] [[Disputatio Usoris:SurdusVII|''(LIS)'']] 09:03, 4 Augusti 2014 (UTC) ::Iacobe, if you feel interested in the sign language articles, that makes me happy and I'll leave them alone for a bit. There is definitely a need for one Latinist, but not necessarily two :) If, on the other hand, you'd rather not, just let me know. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:29, 4 Augusti 2014 (UTC) ::::Language-related topics engage my keyboard in general, but the textual hiccups in question have elicited from the little gray cells about as much as they're likely to, at least for the moment. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:25, 4 Augusti 2014 (UTC) :::Hi Surdus, so we should use deaf people not deaf? Homines Surdi or Homines surdium? For myself (To Andrew and Iacobe) I don't know if there is anything I can add now. So I'd be leaving the articles alone for the meantime. --[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 11:44, 4 Augusti 2014 (UTC) ::::As was implied before (on another page), ''homines surdium'' doesn't make sense: ''surdium'' isn't a word, and even if it were, it wouldn't look (in the slightest) as if it might be an adjective modifying ''homines.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:25, 4 Augusti 2014 (UTC) :::::@[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ''Homines Surdi'' :) --[[Usor:SurdusVII|SurdusVII]] [[Disputatio Usoris:SurdusVII|''(LIS)'']] 12:30, 4 Augusti 2014 (UTC) ==[[Mana]]== Hi, Iacobe. I deleted the uncreated categories at Mana. If you intend to create them, then -- as always -- please revert my edits. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:30, 28 Augusti 2014 (UTC) Give [[Usor:L&#39;arpetaniaku|L&#39;arpetaniaku]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:L&#39;arpetaniaku|disputatio]]) 16:12, 20 Iulii 2022 (UTC) ==Diaboli parvi== Hi again. Could you comment at [[Disputatio:Aemilius Zola]]? You may well be right, but I don't see anything to justify it in our text, or in en:wiki, or even in the starred article at fr:wiki! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:23, 1 Septembris 2014 (UTC) :No answer? Does that mean it was a mistake? You are nearly always right, so I would have loved to hear from you before reverting :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:26, 4 Septembris 2014 (UTC) I have to add that I am full of admiration for your sourcing of the name [[Luguvalium (Pennsylvania)]] ... A great find. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:48, 1 Septembris 2014 (UTC) :When curiosities like that by chance come into view, Vicipaedia is a good place to document them. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:44, 3 Novembris 2014 (UTC) ==Better== I noticed your edits to [[:Categoria:Collegium Smith]] and [[:Categoria:Collegium Mount Holyoke]]. I think these were mostly bad changes because # you removed two supercategories that all other comparable categories have, and left one blue and one red supercategory in their place, thus making the categories more difficult for others to find # you added hidden text in English We ought surely to aim always to leave pages (even category pages) in a better state than we found them in. I think (tell me if you disagree) that you left these two in a worse state than you found them in. If this was part of a general plan to subcategorize the area of universities and colleges, again, do tell me: I'm happy to discuss it! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:26, 4 Septembris 2014 (UTC) ==[[Alexander Essenus]]== I moved back to "Esseno". Tell me if I'm missing something, but this is just a modern surname, isn't it? and we don't change them. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:09, 11 Septembris 2014 (UTC) :It's apparently an adjective posing as a surname. See the disputation page. ¶ However, the article is probably going to be deleted, so the point is moot. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:13, 11 Septembris 2014 (UTC) ::Good point :) But I must say that I moved back too quickly -- you hadn't had time to write your explanation on the talk page. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:23, 11 Septembris 2014 (UTC) ==Edit war around [[Ordo pro Merito Melitensi]]== You are, of course, correct to flag [[Usor:Mabelina]]'s changes; she seems to be a beginner at Latin. But the edit history this morning looks a bit like an edit war -- is that really useful? I've been trying to clean up a bit of the mess she's left (she? with no user page I'm going by the username), and it may be more constructive to correct the grammar instead of just flagging the pages, time permitting of course (it's looking like one of those crazy semesters). I'm not going to do anything drastic here; verbum sapienti.... [[Usor:Amahoney|A. Mahoney]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Amahoney|disputatio]]) 12:19, 11 Septembris 2014 (UTC) :Yes, but I have no time for correcting today! It's enough to dispose of Alexander the Essene! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:22, 11 Septembris 2014 (UTC) ::Mabelina has responded to my changes the way (s)he has to Laurentianus's: either with gross innocence, or intent on edit-warring. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:24, 11 Septembris 2014 (UTC) :::Hello to you both & thank you for your concern re ''Pro Merito Melitensi''. I can assure you that it is out of innocence & my definite rusty Latin (as if it were ever perfect!) that I am finding it difficult to perfect the Latin phraseology. My reason for introducing the article is because this Order happens to be among the few extant examples of Latin in usage today and which has no recognisable equivalent name in the vernacular, hence I thought it would be of interest to our Latin readers. What to do next? & thanks again for your help. [[Mabelina|M]] :::PS. but it is not only [[Mabelina|me]] who has been editing this article, hence a bit of confusion on my part as to whose previous edits to follow/correct/etc... Thanks again. ::::They were all helping, or at least trying to. At bedtime, 17 of 54 words were problematic, and now at breakfasttime, 15 of 55 are. Jondel's overnight ministrations (not all of which were successful) raised the score from 69 to 73, on the scale I [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usor:IacobusAmor/Adventures once experimented with:] still a –5, but better! (The scale from minus one to minus seven, and the descriptions like "Latinitas huius paginae magnopere corrigenda est," predate my arrival in Vicilandia.) If we were to back-translate the text into English, you might be surprised at how bizarre the diction is, but no time is available today. For starters, ask yourself why, in the caption, you changed (the correct) ''Crux'' to ''Cruce''&thinsp;; since all captions lacking a visible verb are sentences fundamentally of the form "[This is an] X," it wants to be in the nominative case. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:17, 12 Septembris 2014 (UTC) ==[[Pathologia]]== Salve Iacobus, ut vales? Amabo te ponere dubsigs in re, ut soles. Gatias--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 00:35, 12 Septembris 2014 (UTC) Etiam.quaeso, in [[Eruptio ebolae in Africa occidentali anno 2014]] si tempus tibi sit. [[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 09:12, 12 Septembris 2014 (UTC) :In [[Pathologia]], for starters, ''qua'' means 'by which' (but don't you want it to mean 'which'?) and the chances may be at least 99 to 1 that ''tractat'' is in the wrong place. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:26, 12 Septembris 2014 (UTC) ::It should be quae, you're right, thanks! OK, about the word order of tractat. I'll fix it now. [[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 08:49, 14 Septembris 2014 (UTC) ==Ursule Mirouët== Salve [[Usor:IacobusAmor|Iacobus]] & thank you for your kind suggestion re '''eques Venerabili Ordinis Sancti Ioannis'''. I concur that it is a minefield trying to word some modern-day formal protocol satisfactorily in Classical terminology - but I guess it is worth it, otherwise our Latin readers could quite excusably assume that things which have (d)evolved continue as was to the present day! ==The Order for Maltese Merit== I hope you approve of using ''in vulgare'' for Ursula Mirouet, and it is my intention to expand the UM article and others (where I know something about the subject), but since so many of my recent posts have been amended (notwithstanding that my Latin is/hopefully becoming less) rusty! it has been difficult for me sometimes to know whose edits are good ones to follow... Perhaps you could be so kind as to give a brief overview of [[Ordo pro Merito Melitensi]]? which I introduced being one current institution which has no recognisable name in the vernacular, & of course hoping that the subject itself is of interest to some! Thanks again & till soon [[Mabelina|M]] ::Time is lacking, but if you really want to improve the text, start by learning something about declensions & conjugations. This is your text as it stands: :::Ordo pro Merito Melitensi est ordo meritum Suprema Ordinis Melitensis (breviter S.M.O.M.) anno MCMXX condidit. Pro viris feminae non solum membrorum Æcclesiae Romanae qui sibi afferentit ut auxilioque operam det honore et decus Ordinem Melitensis retributur. Honores per decretum Summo Consilii sunt concessit motu proprio pro Magno Magistro ordinis. ::This is more or less what it's saying, with each problematic word rendered in a similarly problematic way: :::The Order for Maltese Merit is an order, a merit. The Funeral Rites of the Maltese Order (briefly S.M.O.M.) in the year MCMXX it founded. For men and a woman's not only of the limbs of the Roman Tchurtch whooch conveigheth to himself so that it might apply himself and to assistance by honor and a dignity to the Order of a Maltese is repayied. The Top of the Council has honors by decree. It granted by a motu proprio on behalf of the Grand Master of the order. ::The wrong (or extremely problematic in context) words are: :::meritum, Suprema, S.M.O.M., condidit, feminae, membrorum, Æcclesiae, qui, sibi, afferentit, auxilioque, honore, Ordinem, Melitensis, retributur, Summo, Consilii, sunt, concessit. ::That's 19 words out of 49, giving a score of 61, which on the scale I devised long ago is a –6. Even this isn't as dire as –7, which indicates that a text isn't written in Latin, though it would be hard to argue on the basis of what the text is actually saying (see the translation above) that it belongs in a published encyclopedia. Two or three times the text has (perhaps generously) been marked –5, and several times you've removed that indication, in effect asserting that the Latin is satisfactory. Let's fix that right now (inserting –6). Meanwhile, see if you can figure out what's wrong with the words listed above. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 02:48, 18 Septembris 2014 (UTC) :::As for which edits are "good ones to follow": almost all of them. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IaconusAmor|disputatio]]) 02:55, 18 Septembris 2014 (UTC) ::::Quotation below altered to focus on the problem: [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:14, 18 Septembris 2014 (UTC) :::::Is this any better? [[Mabelina|M]] ::::::"Ordo pro Merito Melitensi conditus anno MCMXX a Ordine Supremus Militaris Melitensis (breviter S.M.O.M.). Ordinem meritorum pro viris feminisque non solum fides Ecclesiae Romanae pro honore et decus ad Ordinem Melitensis retributur. Honores concessit per decretum Supremus Consilii motu proprio pro Magno Magistro ordinis." :::::::Yes: 14 errors out of 44 words (or 15 out of 44 if you count the verb missing from the first sentence) on the proposed scale would be a –5. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:14, 18 Septembris 2014 (UTC) ::::::::Also, in the caption "Crucem pro Merito Melitensi" (not shown above), the first word is in the wrong case. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:14, 18 Septembris 2014 (UTC) :::::::::Nine days ago, [[Usor:RHaworth]] asked "How long before you learn to sign?" [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:14, 18 Septembris 2014 (UTC)<!-- ==Vide etiam== *[[Ordo Fratrum Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani]] ==Notae== <div class="references-small"><references /></div> ==Nexus externi== *[http://www.orderofmalta.int/der-orden-und-seine-einrichtungen/560/orden-pro-merito-melitensi/?lang=de Situs proprius,] www.orderofmalta.int {{Ling|Germanice}} [[Categoria:Melita|!]] [[Categoria:Ordo Fratrum Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani|!]] [[Categoria:Constituta saeculo 20]] [[Categoria:Ordines militares]] unqte--> ==Donaldus Adamson== PS. would it be possible for you perhaps to make the appropriate correction to Donaldus Adamson just in case it might be considered vandalism by me? [[Mabelina|M]] :The system won't let me do any editing on that page. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 03:06, 18 Septembris 2014 (UTC) ::OK <small>[= Mabelina, commode signare nolens, 05:47, 19 Septembris 2014‎]</small> ==Ursule Mirouët== This article has only just been started & at least hasn't received a -7 Latinatus mark so, in addition to quite a few other areas where Vicipaedicia could be improved, is this going to be easy for me to do with messages such as the following! <small> {{fn|Non stipula}} Haec pagina nondum stipula est. Oportet inter 7 dies admeliorare. Paginis minimis Vicipaedicis necesse sunt: Titulus, in prima sententia litteris pinguibus repetitus Textus (e litteris 200 vel pluribus compositum) qui rem utiliter describat Nexus extra-Vicipaedianus (sive et fons bibliographicus) qui rem satis corroboret Nexus interni caerulei ex hac pagina et in hanc paginam; categoriae caeruleae (aut formula {{fn|Dubcat}}); pagina annexa apud Wikidata (aut formula {{fn|Nexus absunt}}) Aliquid maius, huic encyclopaediae congruens, e.g. textus (explicationes, historica, exempla); imago cum descriptione; nexus externi utiles plures; bibliographia.</small><br> I think a hiatus might be better than constant wrangling..? [[Mabelina|M]] <small>[= Mabelina, commode signare iam nolens, 05:47, 19 Septembris 2014‎]</small> :Statim autem adiecit commentario [[Ursule Mirouët]] hora 05:23 diei 20 Septembris 2014 priorum verborum auctor: ::Rumoris huius exploratur atque Ursule innocentiem probitate. :Forsan exemplum conaminum [[Ne falsum quidem|ne falsorum quidem]]? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:32, 20 Septembris 2014 (UTC) ==All that jazz== You raised a good point at [[Disputatio Categoriae:Musici Iaz]] but it would be better if at the same time we could make all the names agree. I see that at [[Disputatio:Jazz]] you suggested, long ago, "Iazensis musica" and cited a source. There was no follow-up, but I don't see anything better about the later alternative "Musica iazzica", so we could now go with "iazensis" as you then proposed. Or we could accept "iaz", quietly assuming that it is the notional base form of "iazensis". What would be your preference? You're our greatest musician, after all. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:44, 4 Octobris 2014 (UTC) :We were told that "z" always scans long, so a doubled "z" would imitate non-Latin orthographies and imply a weird pronunciation. Neander keeps warning about using unmarked order in lemmata. Putting these considerations together gives us ''musica iazensis'' or ''musica iazica.'' Declinable forms are always useful, and even English has ''jazzy.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:38, 6 Octobris 2014 (UTC) ::Thanks. Then we'll rename the existing categories using "iazensis", since the single-z spelling of that word has a source (cited by you originally, I think). [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 17:39, 6 Octobris 2014 (UTC) ==[[Comus (deus)]]== I have a feeling the first paragraph is all made up. The transvestite bit was what first made me suspect something, but actually it's hard to find any reliable source that says Comus was a god in Greek mythology. Can you find any? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:20, 3 Novembris 2014 (UTC) :Not today. Other obligations loom! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:44, 3 Novembris 2014 (UTC) ==Categoria:Conformationes terrestres ...== A while ago I was standardizing geographical categories across the world (I mean, the small world of Vicipaedia). Thinking about what kind of thing categories so named actually contained -- all sorts of geographical things that were not towns -- I renamed those that already existed to "Categoria:Res geographicae ..." and went right on and created categories under that name for all countries (for listing see [[:Categoria:Res geographicae per civitates digestae|here]]). But I didn't touch the ones you had created for single US states, because they were OK as they were and there was no reason to fiddle with them (for listing see [[:Categoria:Conformationes terrestres Civitatum Foederatarum civitate digestae|here]]). Now that you are doing some more US geographical pages, it strikes me that it might be a good idea to change these too (e.g., [[:Categoria:Conformationes terrestres Floridae]] to [[:Categoria:Res geographicae Floridae]]) and then, if you want to make new ones for the remaining US states, they could follow the same pattern. We could change the existing ones automatically, if UVbot will help. Would you object? If you have a reason for preferring "Conformationes terrestres", please say so and we can leave them as they are -- it seemed to me too long and abstract a formulation, but you might view it differently! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:36, 1 Decembris 2014 (UTC) :''Res geographicae'' is fine, but these and other permutations are sometimes too much for the little gray cells to keep straight—which is why the first thoughts that usually come to mind echo the formulations in enwiki. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:42, 1 Decembris 2014 (UTC) ::Thanks very much. Yes, I saw (or heard) the echo! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:51, 1 Decembris 2014 (UTC) :::That change is all complete now, and if you want to create further categories "Res geographicae ..." for US States that don't have them yet, by all means go ahead. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:32, 21 Ianuarii 2015 (UTC) == Defaultsort == I just noticed that [[Societas Avium Cohortalium et Ovorum Civitatum Foederatarum]], one of your translations, retained the "Defaultsort" of the English page. "Defaultsorts" from an English page need to be deleted when you're translating, because they make the page file under its English name, normally wrong for us. This one made it file under "U. S. ..." although the pagename you chose (rightly I think) was "Societas ..." No one looking through the category page would understand why this title beginning with "S" was filing under "U". There is the exception of people's names -- we need defaultsorts for those, adjusted from the English ones, to make pages file under the person's surname. But other defaultsorts need to be deleted. I guess you probably know all this and it was just a slip, but I thought I'd better mention it :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:32, 21 Ianuarii 2015 (UTC) == Acknowledging the source == Thanks for your comments on the Taberna. I have created formula <nowiki>{{Attributio}}</nowiki> (example of use: <nowiki>{{Attributio|fr|François Hollande}}</nowiki>) to be placed on a talk page. I have to admit this has an advantage over the summarium method in that it links automatically to the history page of the original. And it is quick. So, anyway, as they say in American restaurants, enjoy! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 19:36, 30 Ianuarii 2015 (UTC) == Encouraging redlinks to go blue == Here's another thing I hope you may enjoy using. The new formula <nowiki>{{Creanda}}</nowiki> should be very little trouble and would help potential translators to get to work. When translating from en:, instead of simply making links which you know will be red, consider using this formula. Instead of * <nowiki>[[Collegium Amherstianum]]</nowiki> -- or * <nowiki>[[Collegium Amherstianum|Collegio Amherstiano]]</nowiki> you write * <nowiki>{{Creanda|en|Amherst College|Collegium Amherstianum}}</nowiki> -- or * <nowiki>{{Creanda|en|Amherst College|Collegium Amherstianum|Collegio Amherstiano}}</nowiki> I admit it's longer, but you have that name "Amherst College" in your text already, so it's not ''much'' longer. The result is this: * {{Creanda|en|Amherst College|Collegium Amherstianum|Collegio Amherstiano}} It gives your reader a handy link to the English page, from which the said reader could start creating a Latin page. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 19:50, 30 Ianuarii 2015 (UTC) :OK, I'll make an experiment of it, but I'm hard-pressed for time today (and for probably much of the year). [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 19:59, 30 Ianuarii 2015 (UTC) ::The extra "(en)" makes it look cumbersome, and it doesn't link to the English page: it links to an editing box. See [[Regio Antarctica]]. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 20:15, 30 Ianuarii 2015 (UTC) :::I see: you have to click on "(en)" to get the interwiki link. Interesting, but too much for tomorrow's contributions. Surely not needed for Linnaean names? Maybe to be used just here & there? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 20:18, 30 Ianuarii 2015 (UTC) ::::Exactly. I agree, with Linnaean names it's hardly worth the trouble. The most useful occasions would be (a) if you think creation is "urgent", (b) if (because the Latin name is a translation) it might be difficult to find the relevant page on another Wikipedia. I notice you sometimes include an original name in hidden text in such cases. Instead of doing that, you could now think of using this method. ::::As you already see, if you wanted to turn any existing redlinks into this form, you simply change the final <nowiki>]]</nowiki> to <nowiki>}}</nowiki> and change the initial <nowiki>[[</nowiki> to <nowiki>{{Creanda|en|Englishpagename|</nowiki>. ::::After the new page has been created and the internal link goes blue, it's easy for a bot to turn these formulae into ordinary bluelinks. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:46, 31 Ianuarii 2015 (UTC) == A devil == It might amuse you to know that [[Gerardus Depardieu]], one of your tax rebels, started out in life as a printer's devil. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:37, 1 Februarii 2015 (UTC) :I'm easily amused. ;) [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 18:38, 1 Februarii 2015 (UTC) == Nondum stipula? == Iacobe, cur commentationem de [[Concilium climaticum Cancuniense|Concilio climatico Cancuniensi]] "nondum stipulam" esse notasti? Velim causam exactam indices, nam ex rerum "ameliorandarum" indice non satis bene apparet causa tantae severitatis. [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Neander|disputatio]]) 14:40, 3 Februarii 2015 (UTC) :Pagina <!--nexu extra-Vicipaediano (sive et fonte bibilographico),--> categoria caerulea et "aliquo maiore" caret. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:50, 3 Februarii 2015‎ (UTC) ::Haec nuper videns categorias (quas alii corrigere possunt!) et imaginem (= aliquid maius) addo. Fontem iam observo in nota subiuncta positum. Igitur formulam removi: an recte feci? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:10, 3 Februarii 2015 (UTC) :::Recte fecisti! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:50, 3 Februarii 2015‎ (UTC) ::::Gratias ago ambobus, quia Christiana Figueres (cuius imago per serendipitiam repperi) [[Vicipaedia:Feminae 3000|feminam celebrandam]] mihi videtur. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:26, 3 Februarii 2015 (UTC) :The example of [[Steganographia]], which you supplied at [[Disputatio Formulae:Non stipula]]) possibly shows the unwisdom of allowing "non annexa" pages to linger on for years (because that will be why nobody ever saw that page till now). [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:58, 4 Februarii 2015 (UTC) ::I probably noticed its entry in Categoria:Cryptographia when I was translating [[Alanus Turing]], but I don't recall whether I read its text. Can Vicipaedia's machinery generate a list of who reads (or at least opens!) a given article? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:55, 4 Februarii 2015 (UTC) :::The US and UK governments probably could. Let's ask them :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:23, 4 Februarii 2015 (UTC) :I said so in that discussion, while knowing all the time that quite a lot of the "Non annexae" pages are your creations ... But I think it possible that the problem of the "non annexae" ''taxonomic'' pages could be solved by a bot, which could possibly put a ''Vide etiam'' on the nearest available higher taxonomic node. That's what I do, without wasting more time on reflection, when I see such pages, but, possibly, a bot could do it quicker! We might ask a friendly bot owner about that ... [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:58, 4 Februarii 2015 (UTC) ::Hmm. That's not an ideal fix, but it'd indeed annexify all but a handful of the unannexed pages I've created (and some that others, including perhaps [is it] Hendricus under multiple anonymous IPs, have created), and it'd be much quicker than the progress I've been making along those lines, so it seems like a good plan. However, so I could continue improving the lot by hand, would there be a way of generating a list of something like "taxonomically ranked plants & animals not linked to an item at the next-higher taxonomic rank"? (I.e., species not linked to a genus, genera not linked to a family, and so on.) That might generate some surprises! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:55, 4 Februarii 2015 (UTC) :::I say hmm too ... Dunno. I don't run a bot myself, we'd have to ask Anne or UV perhaps. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:23, 4 Februarii 2015 (UTC) == Translated? == I think you were mistaken to say that [[Annecium]] is translated from French: I started it, and the history suggests it has just gradually developed from there (and hasn't reached very far yet!) Did you have a special reason for thinking that? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:18, 8 Februarii 2015 (UTC) :Misreading <nowiki>{{Link FA|fr}}</nowiki> as a link to the page? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 21:24, 8 Februarii 2015 (UTC) ::What does a link to the page have to do with it? A link to another wiki would most often mean the creator of the page is a tiro, but it doesn't in itself mean the page is a translation. To know that, I guess you'd have to ask the writer, or, if you really suspect copyright violation, compare the texts. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:30, 9 Februarii 2015 (UTC) :::It's what the anonymous contributor did and continues to do, even today, just as I'd been doing for years. The likeliest default interpretation is that the link indicates the source of the text, not some random link that the author chose so as to tease the custodians of history. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:21, 13 Februarii 2015 (UTC) ::::It had that special meaning to you, as you explained elsewhere, but generally it would mean that the contributor just hasn't learned to use Wikidata yet. We can't just assume that someone else is translating from any particular source: if they are, ''they'' should acknowledge. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:54, 13 Februarii 2015 (UTC) :::::The anonymous user's IP number suggests the contributor could be our Swiss montagnard. Ask him? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:58, 13 Februarii 2015 (UTC) ::::::See, for example, the histories of wiki citations in the first published versions of [[Autrêches‎‎]], [[Avilly-Saint-Léonard‎‎]], [[Avrigny]], [[Babœuf‎‎]], [[Bachivillers‎‎]]. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:05, 13 Februarii 2015 (UTC) :::::::Wait! The magic wikidata robot has already come by and wiped out the evidence. One has to be quick! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:05, 13 Februarii 2015 (UTC) ::::::::That is all between you, Helveticus, and the anonymous IP. Doesn't interest me a whit :=) Let's just acknowledge our own translations, we don't need to guess at other people's. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:27, 13 Februarii 2015 (UTC) :::::::::I was following your suggestion at [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#What's to be done with people]] to "start a talk page with <nowiki>{{Attributio||}}</nowiki>." [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:23, 18 Februarii 2015 (UTC) ::::::::::If you re-read, you'll see that your question there was about "people unfamiliar with wikipedia (perhaps in any language) who in good faith contribute translated articles without the acknowledgment discussed above". We ''do'' really have to look out for misguided copyright violation. Nothing to do with this. If you want to worry about the origin of these short stubs about French communes -- far too short to have any relevance to copyright issues -- you're a free man and can worry about it all you like, but it doesn't have anything to do with a suggestion of mine. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 17:21, 18 Februarii 2015 (UTC) :::I often add things (especially bibliographic data),† adjust the structure, move images around, and so forth. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:21, 13 Februarii 2015 (UTC) ::::†For example, just last night I translated an article from the English wiki that doesn't cite any of the published biographies of the subject, so I added those in, all three of them. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:27, 13 Februarii 2015 (UTC) I hadn't realised you'd written about [[Omnia|everything]]. That's it, then. We can all go home now! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:36, 13 Februarii 2015 (UTC) == Non stipula == When you add "Non stipula" to a page, I think it's important not to mark the edit as "minor". It could be a final warning for the page, so to speak. The more Vicipaedians who are aware of it, the better. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 20:39, 24 Februarii 2015 (UTC) :... but, in case I haven't said so clearly enough, I'm very much in favour of this work. We have many pages that ought either to be improved or deleted, and you are finding them. I am rescuing some, but selecting the ones that seem to matter more :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:17, 27 Februarii 2015 (UTC) == [[Universitas Gonzagae]] == I removed the hidden text you had added to this page. # In one case (the Association of Jesuit Universities) I think there are two better ways to do what you did with hidden text: (a) adding the English name visibly, in parentheses, in italics; (b) adding the English name with the Latin names in a "Creanda" formula, as we discussed a little way above. That's the way I chose in this case. # In the other two cases, there was a link in the text, which you followed with a suggested link in hidden text, marked "melius". I don't see why, if we think something is simply better, we wouldn't do it for real. Hidden text is only seen by the small minority of readers who open an edit window. So most readers won't see what you think is "melius", and those few who do see it will not know who it was who thought something else was "melius", or why he thought it, or, if he thought it, why he didn't do it. And I am one of those; so I just removed your hidden text in those two cases, not knowing its purpose. I think there are a very few cases where hidden text may be useful to all (usually when it says "Don't break this formula"). Those cases aside, I'd say in general adding hidden text to a page you're working on is fine, ''if you afterwards remember to remove it''. If you forget to remove it, or if you add it to a page that someone else is working on, I'd say it's usually a nuisance, because some other Wikipedian then has the job of removing it. Maybe you disagree -- I know you add hidden text often. Anyway, since I think it's generally a nuisance, and I happened to know this is a page on which new Vicipaedians are working (see my talk page) I removed it quickly from this page because I thought it set a bad example. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:53, 27 Februarii 2015 (UTC) :Hidden text is for editors, not readers. In [[Universitas Gonzagae]], I've now unhidden it by applying the creanda to the rest of the links. To my eyes, the "(en)" doesn't help the readability. ¶ That's a good point about marking texts "m" in coniunction with "Non stipula," but the well-trained fingers sometimes forget. Long ago, when I created [[Cultura]], Vicipaedia's longest page and surely one of the longest pages in all of Wikilandia, those fingers marked it "m" (an option no longer available at the creation of pages). ¶ Busy today. . . . [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 17:32, 27 Februarii 2015 (UTC) ::Thanks for your change to Universitas Gonzagae. I think that's a good solution, [but I've removed some less relevant/less helpful links.] ::I see what you mean about the legibility in formula:Creanda. Some wikis using a similar formula deal with this by making the (en) a superscript <sup>[en]</sup> like a footnote reference. Might that help? We can easily vary the format. ::Believe me, I know how easy it is to mark a major edit as minor, though I never yet did it with anything quite as major as [[Cultura]]. :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:29, 27 Februarii 2015 (UTC) ==To amuse you== Since you noticed a French commune with 8 inhabitants -- and I guess it will have pages in 25 Wikipedias, i.e. 3+ pages per inhabitant -- you might like to laugh over the fact that an English village ([[Broad Chalke]] in Wiltshire) with about 700 inhabitants, a 1000-year history and several famous past residents was represented on only 3 Wikipedias, till I added a Latin page today. And that's not unusual -- I have found many similar cases while gradually adding English towns and villages. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 19:01, 12 Martii 2015 (UTC) :And then I could have named a city of 3 million inhabitants still lacking a Vicipaedia page, [[:en:Surabaya]]. There may well be others. It's lucky Vicipaedia is a work in progress! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:18, 13 Martii 2015 (UTC) ::The biggest might be [[:en:Shenzhen]], with ten million! [[Usor:Lesgles|Lesgles]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Lesgles|disputatio]]) 16:16, 13 Martii 2015 (UTC) :::If we covered the world with as much thoroughness as we cover French & Italian hamlets, we'd have hundreds of thousands of articles from East and South Asia! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:31, 13 Martii 2015 (UTC) ::::According to the National League of [US] Cities, the United States are the home of about 20,000 municipal governments, with an average of about 15,000 people each. Extending that proportion worldwide would imply the existence of about 500,000 municipal governments. Throw in the hamlets and we'd be swimming in articles! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:45, 13 Martii 2015 (UTC) ==Non stipula? Quod mihi facendum est?== Salve, vidi [https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Declinatio_prima_linguae_graecae_antiquae&curid=234714&diff=2867421&oldid=2867416 recensionem] tuam... quod facendum est mihi? ''Hi, I've seen your edit... what should I do?'''--[[Usor:Toadino2|<span style="color:grey">''Toadino2''</span><span style="color:red">''日本''</span>]] [[Disputatio usoris:Toadino2|<span style="color:green">Velisne</span><span style="color:grey"> theam</span><span style="color:red">fungi sapore?</span>]] 12:12, 7 Aprilis 2015 (UTC) :Vide titulum: ::Titulus, in prima sententia litteris pinguibus repetitus : '''OK.''' ::Textus (e litteris 200 vel pluribus compositum) qui rem utiliter describat. '''OK''' ::Nexus extra-Vicipaedianus (sive et fons bibliographicus) qui rem satis corroboret : '''CARET''' ::Nexus interni caerulei ex hac pagina et in hanc paginam; : '''CARENT?''' ::categoriae caeruleae (aut formula <nowiki>{{Dubcat}}); pagina annexa apud Wikidata (aut formula {{Nexus absunt}}</nowiki>) : '''???''' ::Aliquid maius, : '''OK.''' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:20, 7 Aprilis 2015 (UTC) :::Ok :) expediam. Gratias ago!--[[Usor:Toadino2|<span style="color:grey">''Toadino2''</span><span style="color:red">''日本''</span>]] [[Disputatio usoris:Toadino2|<span style="color:green">Velisne</span><span style="color:grey"> theam</span><span style="color:red">fungi sapore?</span>]] 12:29, 7 Aprilis 2015 (UTC) ::::Expedies? Menses habes sex. :) [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:32, 7 Aprilis 2015 (UTC) :::::Sed... cur exspectaturus sum, si nunc expedire possum? ;) --[[Usor:Toadino2|<span style="color:grey">''Toadino2''</span><span style="color:red">''日本''</span>]] [[Disputatio usoris:Toadino2|<span style="color:green">Velisne</span><span style="color:grey"> theam</span><span style="color:red">fungi sapore?</span>]] 17:51, 7 Aprilis 2015 (UTC) ::::::Addidi categoriam ac nexus, at fontes non invenio (in pagina e qua traduxi non sunt)... --[[Usor:Toadino2|<span style="color:grey">''Toadino2''</span><span style="color:red">''日本''</span>]] [[Disputatio usoris:Toadino2|<span style="color:green">Velisne</span><span style="color:grey"> theam</span><span style="color:red">fungi sapore?</span>]] 18:55, 8 Aprilis 2015 (UTC) :::::::Fontes inveni et addidi. Lectoribus nostris (ut mihi videtur) utilius est fontes Latinos citare si possumus. Hoc autem casu artes grammaticae Graecae, Latine divulgatae, appellaverunt "primam ''et'' secundam declinationes" illam quam nos hodie "primam" nuncupamus. Propter hanc rationem fontem Anglicum insuper addidi, recentiorem, cuius terminologia cum tua consonat. :::::::Iacobus noster recte fontem vel bibliographiam postulavit. Regula apud Wikipedias omnes est "Wikipedia non est fons fidelis". Ad notabilitatem et fidelitatem comprobandas necesse est fontem externum (aut plures) citare -- id quod paginas nostras lectoribus utiliores reddit. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:03, 9 Aprilis 2015 (UTC) ::::::::Ago gratias tibi quoque! --[[Usor:Toadino2|<span style="color:grey">''Toadino2''</span><span style="color:red">''日本''</span>]] [[Disputatio usoris:Toadino2|<span style="color:green">Velisne</span><span style="color:grey"> theam</span><span style="color:red">fungi sapore?</span>]] 15:00, 9 Aprilis 2015 (UTC) ==Translating the interface in your language, we need your help== <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Hello IacobusAmor, thanks for working on this wiki in your language. [http://laxstrom.name/blag/2015/02/19/prioritizing-mediawikis-translation-strings/ We updated the list of priority translations] and I write you to let you know. The language used by this wiki (or by you in your preferences) needs [[translatewiki:Translating:Group_statistics|about 100 translations or less]] in the priority list. You're almost done!<!-- [[Image:Translatewiki.net logo.svg|frame|link=translatewiki:|{{int:translateinterface}}]]--> Please [[translatewiki:Special:MainPage|register on translatewiki.net]] if you didn't yet and then '''[[translatewiki:Special:Translate/core-0-mostused|help complete priority translations]]''' (make sure to select your language in the language selector). With a couple hours' work or less, you can make sure that nearly all visitors see the wiki interface fully translated. [[User:Nemo_bis|Nemo]] 14:06, 26 Aprilis 2015 (UTC)</div><!-- Message sent by User:Nemo bis@metawiki using the list at http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meta:Sandbox&oldid=12031713 --> ==Thanks== Thank you for your attention to [[Academia Scientiarum Utilium]]. I hadn't realised a little edit war was going on! I think Giorno2 has got the idea now, but I'll watch the page. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:51, 21 Maii 2015 (UTC) :If it had been reverted once more, I'd have asked about it in Taberna. Maybe putting the attribution into the text is the way they do it in the Esperanto wiki; for most readers, it probably looks like mere clutter. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 10:37, 21 Maii 2015 (UTC) == [[Crimes of the Heart]] == Tibi gratias ago causa relecturae istae paginae! Vale! [[Usor:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Rei Momo|disputatio]]) 11:55, 25 Maii 2015 (UTC) == De lexico ''Norstedts svensk-latinska ordbok'' == Salve! Thanks for your emendations on the ''[[Norstedts svensk-latinska ordbok]]''. Just one questions: as you may have noticed, I referred twice to the preface of the book in the ''Notae''. Couldn't they also count as ''fontes'', because aren't they technically extra-Vicipaedian sources? [[Usor:Φιλέτυμος|Φιλέτυμος]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Φιλέτυμος|disputatio]]) 15:04, 29 Maii 2015 (UTC) == Thanks == ... for glancing over the d. w. E. m. prime ministers. You always spot something to improve! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:21, 1 Iunii 2015 (UTC) == [[Venceslaus I (rex Bohemiae)]] == Hi, [https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Venceslaus_I_%28rex_Bohemiae%29&diff=next&oldid=2901886 you asked] what "Grapilziensi" means. It is not "Grapilziensi", but two incomplete words. Whole legend would be WENCEZLAUS DEI GRA(tia) PILZIENSI(s et Budissens)IS DUX. Salve --[[Usor:Silesianus|Silesianus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Silesianus|disputatio]]) 14:18, 10 Iunii 2015 (UTC) :OK. Thanks! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 19:53, 10 Iunii 2015 (UTC) == ISBNs == Hi, Iacobe. Why do you take out the hyphens from ISBNs? They are irrelevant to machines, but I think they are useful to human eyes because they distinguish elements of distinct meaning and make the number easier to grasp -- and we are writing for humans. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:12, 15 Iunii 2015 (UTC) :(1) The Library of Congress doesn't use [http://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/holdingsInfo?searchId=1141&recCount=25&recPointer=22&bibId=16023163 them?] (2) They're typographically inefficient? (3) Almost nobody reads bibliographies & footnotes? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:08, 16 Iunii 2015 (UTC) ::Hmm. 3 seems to be an argument for not bothering with bibliographies at all rather than for copyediting them, but, as it happens, I disagree on it anyway. I also disagree on 2. In general we don't follow the model of library catalogues in our bibliographies, so, although I don't dispute 1 (and thanks for the link!), I don't see it as strongly relevant. OK, I'll ask at the Taberna in case anyone else has a comment. ::Melius erit regulam apud nos constituere ne editores futuri inutiliter labores aliorum mutent. De legibilitate, non de utilitate automatica, disputatur: apud machinas 0-19-860617-8 et 0198606178 idem sonant. Forma punctuata saepius in libris ipsis videtur (nisi fallor), forma soluta in catalogis bibliothecarum. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:20, 16 Iunii 2015 (UTC) == [[Belavia]] &c == I have nearly completed a project whose aim is to make sure we have biographies of all current heads of state and lists of their predecessors. The last area I have to deal with is Oceania. At [[Duces civitatum Australianarum et Pacificarum hodiernarum]] the navboxes I still have to complete are listed but I'd be really pleased if you would look at the names of countries and pronounce (Oceania being an area of your expertise!) on whether the names we are using are ideal. I'm especially doubtful about Palau, which we seem to call Belavia, but I don't know why. Should we be happy with that name? (I notice that the adjective "palauensis" exists in taxonomy.) If we want to change, now's the time. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:01, 22 Augusti 2015 (UTC) :Since you haven't replied, maybe the name Belavia is a mystery to you too! The creator of the page was Rolandus, a figure from our past, but no sign of where he got the name from. Anyway, I've asked on the Taberna in case anyone can shed light on it. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:54, 9 Septembris 2015 (UTC) ::My encyclopedia was advised by indigenous people to write "Palau (Belau)." There seemed to be some feeling that ''Belau'' should be used by native speakers of Palauan, but foreigners should say ''Palau.'' Indeed, the latter fits better with the phonology of many Oceanic languages (including the Polynesian ones, which have no /b/). This ''Belavia'' looks to be derived from ''Belau,'' but what's the source of the Latin? Presumably the Vatican would know. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:08, 9 Septembris 2015 (UTC) :::It's odd to say that all natives should say one thing and all foreigners another :) ::::The situation with Ivory Coast is more drastic: the country advised my publisher that ''Côte d'Ivoire'' was the only acceptable spelling <small>IN ENGLISH.</small> The publisher complied, and so does the [http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2846.htm U.S. Department of State.] [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:29, 9 Septembris 2015 (UTC) :::::Yes, I fear oddity stretches far beyond Palau. Though "Myanmar" is officially preferred as spelling, how many know how to pronounce it? And indeed, how many casual speakers can get close to ''Côte d'Ivoire'' (French, Canadian or Ivorian accent) or to ''Timor Leste'' (Portuguese, Brazilian or Timorian)? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:39, 9 Septembris 2015 (UTC) :::I found no source at all for "Belavia", not even apostolic, but if there really is one, of course we could follow it. Otherwise "Palau" seems to be practically universal in the Wikipedias, so we had probably better follow that trend. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:19, 9 Septembris 2015 (UTC) == Eduardus Augustus Schneider ‎ == The phrase I am looking to translate is "flew like a bird from coast to coast" can you translate it for me? Is there the equivalent of "template:infobox person", all I see is one for presidents. --[[Usor:Richard Arthur Norton (1958- )|Richard Arthur Norton (1958- )]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Richard Arthur Norton (1958- )|disputatio]]) 19:03, 1 Septembris 2015 (UTC) :Sorry to intrude! I added the infobox. It draws on Wikidata and needs no parameters here. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 20:26, 1 Septembris 2015 (UTC) == Categories for people by cities of birth == We've discussed this briefly, long ago, and I know it's a possibility that is still in your mind. In mine too. In fact we've both done it -- you for Bostonians, me for Monemutenses. The question is, should we do it wholesale? I shied off not because of any rooted opposition but (a) because of the amount of labour involved, (b) because we haven't yet got articles about enough cities, or verified their Latin names. But, meanwhile, technology overtaking us, it could now be largely done by a bot. This information (where someone was born) is stored at Wikidata, from which a bot could extract it to add the appropriate category to each biography on Vicipaedia. If we ''afterwards'' correct or verify a Latin name, a bot could probably change the category name to match. We would need to make some decisions: the form of category name (it would have to be something that could be applied automatically); whether it covers all cities and towns and villages down to the smallest, or, if not, where it stops; and whether we take over the bot-produced result to make our own changes and additions afterwards, or leave it permanently automatic. Does this seem to you worth discussion? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:06, 1 Octobris 2015 (UTC) :My default ideal has always been to follow the English wiki, so generally, I'd accept categories for cities (and surely Boston & New York would meet anybody's criteria for having enough wikified inhabitants)—but if bots can do it, so much the better. Discussion is better placed in the Taberna. Meanwhile, I have categories to bluify—but then we see in the disputatio for [[Erich Polz]] an implication that German and Germanic ‎‎are the same languages, and then we see that my edits in [[Ocelum Genuensium]] have just been reverted, restoring the blank sections and putting the Notae below the Nexus externi. (Maybe the Italian-hamlet style won't distract overmuch if it's confined to the peninsula and can be kept from infecting other lands.) As Roseanne Roseannadanna used to say, "It's always something!" [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:18, 1 Octobris 2015 (UTC) ::You're right, we could transfer to the Taberna. The problem with city, internationally, is the lack of an international definition: in French for example both town and city are ''ville'' ... I'm not sure what's best. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:08, 1 Octobris 2015 (UTC) :::Meanwhile my project for next year (having done enough world politicians for the time being) is to improve our coverage of world cities, I mean, those with considerably more than 12 inhabitants. This will as a side-effect confirm a whole lot of names which could then be applied to city-of-origin categories. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:46, 20 Novembris 2015 (UTC) ::::That will most definitely be helpful. Btw, when you get to North American settlements, you'll find that many kinds of them—cities, towns, townships, boroughs, unincorporated locations, and so forth—have exquisitely precise definitions in the law. "Independent cities" (e.g., [[:en:Fairfax, Virginia|Fairfax, Virginia]]) may be located wholly within counties but are legally outside them. Correlating Latin terms with local concepts could sometimes be problematic. I've already added [[Oppidum Novae Angliae]], a particular kind of town. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:26, 20 Novembris 2015 (UTC) I'm about to create a few categories of this kind as examples. When those few exist, I'll ask for comments and possible adjustments before doing any more. Your comments will be eagerly awaited. Watch this space ... [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:55, 27 Iunii 2017 (UTC) :OK, but my neighbors and I might be distracted for a couple of weeks—because the circus is coming to town! (http://www.festival.si.edu/2017/circus-arts/smithsonian) Expect a few new circus-themed articles! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:43, 27 Iunii 2017 (UTC) ::I have created some categories for [[:Categoria:Homines per urbes digesti]]. You can see them all there, mostly new, but including some miscellaneous ones that you, I and others had created already. They are worded "Incolae Romae" etc. Corresponding categories on other wikis are usually worded in English "People from Rome", in German "Person (Rom)", in French "Personnalité liée à Rome", etc. ::I suggest that we follow a guideline of ensuring there is a category for the city (creating it if necessary) before creating a category for "Incolae" of the city. That way, we can be sure that the same name is used and that the categories will be easy to find. ::I am building them up by incorporating subcategories for ::* people who have taught in the city, see [[:Categoria:Professores universitatum et scholarum per urbes digesti]] (German wiki normally has subcategories matching these, English only occasionally) ::* people who have studied in the city, see [[:Categoria:Alumni universitatum et scholarum per urbes digesti]] (other wikis generally don't have this subcategory, but may include these people randomly) ::* bishops and local politicians etc. (English and other wikis do this similarly) ::It would be possible ''either'' to create subcategories for people who were born in the city and who died in it (French and some other wikis have done this systematically, see [[:fr:Catégorie:Décès à Rome]] and [[:fr:Catégorie:Naissance à Rome]]), or simply to include all such people directly as "Incolae" without subcategories. Do you have any thoughts about that? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:19, 6 Iulii 2017 (UTC) ::: I wonder whether it is worth the effort to manually maintain "born-in-this-city" and "died-in-this-city" categories. Wikidata can give the answer if needed: here are two quick-and-dirty queries for [https://petscan.wmflabs.org/?psid=1153220 people with an article on Vicipaedia that were born in Marseille] and for [https://petscan.wmflabs.org/?psid=1153221 people with an article on Vicipaedia that died in Marseille]. (Note that these queries are quick-and-dirty in the sense that they currently only show persons for which Wikidata specifies they were born/died in "Marseille" itself, and currently do not show persons for which Wikidata specifies they were born in parts of Marseille, e. g. in the "2nd arrondissement of Marseille" - but it would probably not be too difficult to adapt the queries to include at least some parts of the territorial entity as well.) --[[Usor:UV|UV]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:UV|disputatio]]) 20:04, 6 Iulii 2017 (UTC) ::::Thanks for commenting, UV, I had a feeling you would notice this discussion. Your point about the use of Wikidata is important, and your example searches are very interesting. Given that only a few readers will use CatScan queries directly, are you thinking that we could and should persuade a bot to use Wikidata to produce born-in-city and died-in-city categories? (I imagine that the French wikipedia did this.) ::::A major question is, how reliable would that information be? I had noticed that Wikidata sometimes gives a place of birth or death that is either more specific (a district or even a building) or more vague (a province) than we would like. Also, naturally, Wikidata sometimes takes an apparently false place of birth or death from a Wikipedia that happened to have inaccurate information. The false and too-vague data should eventually be improved on Wikidata, and in that case would eventually be corrected in a bot-produced category. On the other hand, as you say, the query used by the bot would have to be shaped as well as possible to deal with over-specific data, because such data will probably increase: general policy on Wikidata seems to favour it. ::::My current feeling is that in spite of imperfections it ''would'' be useful to create these two subcategories automatically for those cities for which we have an "Incolae" category (probably a growing number). This would save manual labour, while still leaving us free to add the simple "Incolae" category directly on pages for people who didn't study or teach or come into the world or die in the city, but notably lived and worked there. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:21, 7 Iulii 2017 (UTC) ::::: You are right that Wikidata encourages the use of very specific places of birth and death (e.g. hospital or road or urban district over city), and you are absolutely right that information on Wikidata is sometimes inaccurate and sometimes vandalized (just like information on Vicipaedia or any other wikipedia). ::::: I have no objections at all against an "Incolae" category for people who notably lived and/or notably worked in a city. ::::: It would surely be possible for a bot to produce and to update born-in-city and died-in-city categories, using information from wikidata. I, however, do not have the time to do this myself, and furthermore I am not sure whether such bot-generated and bot-maintained categories are the way we should go. ::::: We might, however, consider creating a template that we could use on our "Incolae" categories and that provides two links very similar to the two links above: one link to the query for people born here and another link to the query for people who died here – either as a first step towards such categories or as a replacement for such categories. Greetings, --[[Usor:UV|UV]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:UV|disputatio]]) 21:57, 7 Iulii 2017 (UTC) :For the record: I've gone to the circus and shall have no time for a few days. ¶ Too bad an encyclopedia can't always distinguish between a (legal) residence and a domicile. For example, a US citizen can be a resident of one state (for the purposes of voting, paying taxes, getting a driver's license, and being counted in the census) while spending most of his or her time (that is, "living") in another. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 01:17, 8 Iulii 2017 (UTC) ::Well, yes, an encyclopedia can make such distinctions in footnote-supported text. I can imagine citing news reports about British and European politicians who notably don't seem to live where they claim to, or seem to live in several places at the same time. Wikipedia categories, though, don't help in such cases: they are ON/OFF, and you can't footnote them. ::I take UV's point. Perhaps the suggested template is a better idea. Although I see some value in the well-stocked born-in and died-in categories available on French wiki, I must admit that it is a limited value. The fact that I was born in Liverpool isn't notable to me or to anyone else -- the hospital happened to be in Liverpool -- and there are many other such cases. When writing short political biographies I say where the subjects grew up whenever it differs from the place where they were born: the place where they grew up, and the places where they studied and worked, are significant in their lives. Analogously, an "Incolae" category that editors have chosen to add in each case will have greater value than a born-in or died-in category. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:32, 8 Iulii 2017 (UTC) ::: I have made a start – see [[Formula:Incolae urbis]], [[:Categoria:Incolae Berolini]] and [[:Categoria:Massilia]]. Greetings, --[[Usor:UV|UV]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:UV|disputatio]]) 22:50, 8 Iulii 2017 (UTC) ::::Neat, but there's one problem, I think. It didn't strike me before. These queries result in a list of Wikidata pages that contain links to Vicipaedia pages. OK, but Wikidata pages are user-unfriendly: most readers would not understand how to get back to Vicipaedia from there. Is it possible to make queries resulting in a direct list of Vicipaedia pages? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:18, 9 Iulii 2017 (UTC) ::::: Good idea, I have changed the queries accordingly. Greetings, --[[Usor:UV|UV]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:UV|disputatio]]) 12:19, 9 Iulii 2017 (UTC) ::::: … and I have now improved the queries: They should now include people born in hospitals, urban districts etc. as well. Greetings, --[[Usor:UV|UV]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:UV|disputatio]]) 15:26, 9 Iulii 2017 (UTC) ==[[Lympha]]== Iacobus, how are you? Would it be possible to ask what you find incomprehensible or grammatically wrong? Thank you for your time in advance.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 12:01, 20 Novembris 2015 (UTC) == Projected "supplementum" space == Please, Iacobe, if you have any further ideas or comments -- positive or negative -- chime in at [[Disputatio Vicipaediae:Spatium supplementorum]]. Thanks! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:32, 25 Novembris 2015 (UTC) == [[Geometria]] == Hello, a few months ago you uncommented a section in [[Geometria]] about axioms. Do you happen to know what axiom system it is? They're not the ancient Euclidean axioms, nor the more modern axioms of affine (or projective) geometry. If they're some unknown system, I'd like to replace them. [[Usor:Bavo C. Jozef|Bavo C. Jozef]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Bavo C. Jozef|disputatio]]) 19:38, 30 Novembris 2015 (UTC) == Categories == Hi, Iacobe. I realise I was deleting redlink categories the same day you were creating categories. If I deleted any that you were about to turn blue, revert me without a qualm. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 20:25, 17 Decembris 2015 (UTC) :That's OK. I'd intended to do the categories soon after adding the articles, but they must have slipped through the cracks. I've recently been working my way through categories for the batch added on 30 November, and am about halfway through. Unfortunately, this is a busy time of year. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 20:28, 17 Decembris 2015 (UTC) ::Then I'll leave the rest a bit longer. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 22:04, 17 Decembris 2015 (UTC) == de sepia vel saepia == Salve Iacobe. Certe recte scripsisti ''sepia'' pro ''saepia''. Sed animadvertimus Plinium Maiorem pluriens'' saepiam'' scribere et Ciceronem in sua ''Natura deorum'' l. c. in editione Teuberiana item de ''saepia'' agere. Qua de causa ''saepiam'' vocabulum non plane falsum iudicandum esse egoquidem puto. Vale. --[[Usor:Bavarese|Bavarese]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Bavarese|disputatio]]) 15:18, 20 Decembris 2015 (UTC) : Sinete, o amici, me intervenire sermoni. Equidem puto ''saepiam'' hypercorrectismum esse, quo librarii medii aevi usi sunt. De Plinio quidem nihil certi nunc dicere audeo, utrum hic hypercorrectismus ex ipsius an ex editoris manuscripta deteriora secuti calamo ortus sit. Quod attinet ad Ciceronem (''Nat.deor.'' 2.127), solum in editione Plasbergiana (Teubner, 1917) ''saepiae'' scriptum esse videtur, quamquam editionem Axianam (Teubner, 1933) consulere nequivi. Ceteris in editionibus ''sepiae'' scriptum est. Praesertim editionem Josephi B.Mayor dico auctoritate gravem, quem H.Rackham secutus est in editione Loebiana (1933). [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Neander|disputatio]]) 19:35, 20 Decembris 2015 (UTC) ::Probe dixistis, amici, ac scitote nos in dicione immortalis [[Linnaeus|Linnaei]] hic habitare, qui nomen ut videtur ''sepia'' scripsit. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 20:31, 20 Decembris 2015 (UTC) ::@Neander: Salve. Quid scriptum sit in editione Axiana anni 1961 (sc. in editione stereotypica editionis secundae 1933), cognitum habeo: ''saepiae'', ut scripsi. In apparatu critico nullam invenio adnotationem pertinentem ad hanc rem. Sed non affirmo vocabulum ''saepia'' propabilius esse quam ''sepia''. Immo - immortalis Linnaei praesidio - non mediocriter sum miratus legens ''saepia'', non ''sepia''. Valete. -[[Usor:Bavarese|Bavarese]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Bavarese|disputatio]]) 21:51, 20 Decembris 2015 (UTC) {{Iubilaeum Vicipaedianorum}} [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:52, 1 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC) == Non stipula == I found the page you wanted: [[Usor:Amahoney/Non stipula]]. The ones that have been marked for longest are at the bottom of the page. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:27, 6 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC) :A useful list!—but apparently not updated in almost half a year. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:44, 6 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC) ::Perhaps the winter break would be a good time to ask for an update. :) Also useful, however, is [[Specialis:Nexus_ad_paginam/Formula:Non_stipula]], which I think is in order of page creation. I've deleted a few recently, but only those which I thought might never rise to stipula status. [[Usor:Lesgles|Lesgles]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Lesgles|disputatio]]) 15:48, 6 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC) :::I've done a few too, similar cases, tagged much longer ago than six months. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:49, 6 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC) ::::Quite a few them—[[Ahura Mazda]], [[Aphrodite]], and all other major godlike entities; [[Apostolus]] and all other consequential religious & philosophical terms; [[Carcharhiniformes]] and all other taxonomic terms at and above the level of [[ordo (taxinomia)|ordo]]; [[Perotinus]] and all other historically indispendable composers, artists, and so on—are impossible for any respectable encyclopedia not to have and probably therefore shouldn't be deleted. Trivia like [[My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic]] and out-of-the-way hamlets not so much! (Insert arguments about notability here.) Maybe there should have been a category like "non stipula, but must not be deleted" for those. Just kidding! A proliferation of these formulas may not be a good idea. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:05, 6 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC) :::::Well, we have the choice: either add non stipula, or add a cogent sentence and a source! It doesn't take much. But it's time to do one or the other, surely. A ten-word article about a major topic does us no more credit than the absence of an article. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 17:13, 6 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC) In case you hadn't noticed this, [[Usor:Amahoney/Non stipula|Anne's list]] has now been updated. Earliest at the foot of the page. Hence, indirectly, Jondel's message on my talk page today. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:27, 27 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC) == Losing articles == Wikipedia cannot afford to lose articles for silly reasons. If you see the grammar is poor, then you yourself should fix it instead of putting a deletion tag on it. [[Usor:Philmonte101|Philmonte101]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Philmonte101|disputatio]]) 23:28, 11 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC) :Take it up with [[usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew]], who invented the augenda formula, and [[usor:UV|UV]], who imposed the pessima formula. It isn't an article: the augenda formula tells you what it lacks and, if it's to survive, what it needs. Meanwhile, if you care to save it, you might want to improve the text, which at the moment stands thus, with a literal English translation: ::'''North Coast Inland Trail''' (Anglice) est et sternet sibi Ohium. ::There is (in English) the '''North Coast Inland Trail''' and it shall stretch Ohio out for itself. :That's the likeliest syntax that makes the grammar of the whole text work. Of course, variants of vocabulary are available: for example, "it overthrows Ohio for itself" (but that and others are even more bizarre than the one given above); also, ''se sternere'' is an idiom meaning 'to lie down', but "it shall lie down, Ohio" leaves Ohio unexplained, unless Ohio is undertaking the action: ::There is (in English) the '''North Coast Inland Trail''' and Ohio shall lie down. :Was the original a machine translation? If so, you see, via literal English glosses of it, why machine translations are generally deprecated. For the question of how long impossible texts may survive, see various discussions in the Taberna, where talk is often in English so it may have the widest possible audience. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 02:19, 12 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC) ::I wasn't directly involved in the point that Philmonte101 raised, because I didn't put the "Delenda" tag on the article. Mine was the "Augenda", which says approx. "improve within three months". But, to be frank, I was being generous and optimistic. If an article consists of 10 words (4 in English, untranslated, and 4 which don't seem to make sense) Vicipaedia ''can'' afford to lose it. It would be easier all round to delete it and start again. Hence I think "Delenda" was a practical solution. But if Philmonte101 wants to improve the article (there was no sign of that initially), that's even better. ::Hmm ... afterthought ... I'm no oracle, but does the "101" by any chance imply "US student beginning Latin"? If there's a class that wants to work here, we can happily work along with that and help. The teacher just needs to speak up, and we can discuss. Articles can be marked {{expungo|{{[[Formula:In usu|In progressu]]}}|Nomen formulae mutavit --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]]}} {{fn|In usu}} "please leave alone -- work in progress" or {{fn|Succurre}} "please help". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:43, 12 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC) :::A North American beginner's attempt, especially if guided by a teacher, is likelier to have the syntax of ::::'''X''' est res in Ohio. :::That it doesn't here could be suggestive. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:21, 12 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC) ::::I'm not a student of Latin. In fact I honestly don't know much Latin at all. [[Usor:Philmonte101|Philmonte101]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Philmonte101|disputatio]]) 00:38, 15 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC) :::::Thanks for replying, Philmonte -- and thanks for your involuntary hospitality Iacobe :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:13, 15 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC) :::::Thank you Iacobe and Andrew for your hospitality and being accommodating. To Philmonte , please understand that there is a lot of things that need to get deleted in any wiki, really. We do want quality articles here don't we? Allow me to beef up the North Trail as best as I can, although, I do need to study more Latin. I highly recommend Latin yourself Philmonte, it would be good for your.[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 12:56, 15 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC) ==Ligeti== Hi. Thanks for your edits to the article I created. What do you mean by the maxdubium sign? I'm not exactly sure! Do you mean the Latin's bad (it seems OK to me) or that the article is (it is getting off the ground!) [[Usor:Knucmo2|Knucmo2]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Knucmo2|disputatio]]) 20:47, 23 Ianuarii 2016 (UTC) ==[[Toth]]== Iacobo si tibi placeat qua videtur dubium sit et emenda si possis. Gratias tibi ago.[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 13:15, 1 Februarii 2016 (UTC) ==[[Selfie]]== Hi Iacobus, how are you? Kindly you indicate what you feel is wrong or dubius and allow for discussions.Thank you. --[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 02:37, 20 Februarii 2016 (UTC) :In your sentence ::Saepe monstratur in [[Interrete|interretiale]] retio{{dubsig}} [[societas humana|congregabilio]]{{dubsig}} [[situs interretialis|situ]] sicut [[Facebook]], [[Instagram]], [[Snapchat]], et [[Tumblr]]. :This ''reti(us/um)'' is not a word, and ''congregabili(us/a/um)'' is not a word. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:04, 20 Februarii 2016 (UTC) ::It was meant to be rete and congregabile. Thank you for your time!--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 16:00, 20 Februarii 2016 (UTC) == De "re" quadam == Iacobe, I'm not sure if I understand your question (regarding [[arcus caelestis]]): "But is it really a phenomenon (and not a res)?" What I'm wondering in particular is how definig arcus caelestis as "res" (instead of "phaenomenon") would add to our understanding of the definiendum. [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Neander|disputatio]]) 13:23, 13 Martii 2016 (UTC) :Not sure I do either, but as long as it's linked to [[phaenomenon]] to show that it's not a [[noumenon]], it's probably OK. Cantius himself contrasted rain (a noumenon) with a rainbow (a phaenomenon). I wasn't sure that you actually wanted to go there, and a general term (like ''res'') would avoid the philosophical allusion. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:49, 13 Martii 2016 (UTC) :: OK, thanks. One of the reasons I didn't provide "phaenomenon" with an internal nexus was that I wanted to hold to everyday use (like in the English wikipedia and elsewhere) instead of swamping into Kantian questions. We can't have any empirical knowledge of noumena, except that they (must) exist. It's my understanding that rain and its causal relation to rainbow are all phenomenal. [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Neander|disputatio]]) 15:00, 13 Martii 2016 (UTC) :::"Phaenomena": ''appearances in the air or sky'' (Lewis & Short, citing Lactantius and alluding to the Latin versions of Aratus) -- as I expect you both know already. It doesn't appear to me that Cicero used the word "Phaenomena", but Germanicus [if it was he] probably did. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:23, 13 Martii 2016 (UTC) == More positive? also more ominous? == You were right to tag [[Hilarius Putnam]], of course, but (forgive me if you really knew this perfectly well already) for new pages in 2016 the best tag to use is {{fn|Augenda}}. This is because it can be dated e.g. "Augenda|2016|03" and because it allows just 3 months' leeway rather than 6. Fewer of them are appearing, month by month, thank goodness. It will be easier to shepherd them, tend them, and even slaughter them if they can't be saved, in monthly cohorts ... [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:18, 24 Martii 2016 (UTC) :Oops. Forgot. Busy for a while. ¶ Met him once or twice in the 1960s, when he was perceived to be quite the radical in a political sense. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:38, 24 Martii 2016 (UTC) == [[Michael Fred Phelps]] == This is one of your very old pages. There was a lot of English still in it, which I've tried to clean out (I suspect you never really finished it off): therefore the count goes down, and it's among the 10,000 pages. Thought I'd mention it in case you have a spare moment to add some nice Latin to it :) If you want that English back as a basis for further work, just revert me. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:54, 2 Aprilis 2016 (UTC) :Spare moments are few & far between these days (aside from times when coffee is being sipped and the little gray cells are resting, able to do little more than add the NS formula without thinking), but after your ministrations, the text still has 7,840 characters, which times 1.07 = 8,389, still ''above'' the intermediate (8,000) cutoff for the 10K list. The higher cutoff is 16,000, unlike the 1K list, whose cutoffs are 10,000 and 30,000. (The authorities like to confuse us.) So perceptions of urgency are not required! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:02, 2 Aprilis 2016 (UTC) == De nominibus constellationum == Hi, Iacobe. Please don't move any constellation pages without checking the official Latin name. The Latin names are international, easily checked on any serious astronomical site, and I think all our pages agree with them till the two you moved today. The anonym who is adding. names and references maybe doesn't know this, and the references and added names do no harm, but they shouldn't Trump (if I may use the expression ) the modern official names ... Which I will source myself if necessary when I am no longer limited to the editing that an iPad can do ... Greetings from beautiful [[Tenos]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:30, 11 Aprilis 2016 (UTC) :No problem. It was a chance event, not part of a broader program. Enjoy the isles! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 17:15, 11 Aprilis 2016 (UTC) ::Thank you very much, Iacobe! My daughter and I did a lot of hill-walking but no astronomy. Now that I'm back, I'm adding sources for our Latin names of constellations. ::Interesting that our anonymous editor went on to alter the Latin names on the German article [[:de:Liste der Sternbilder in verschiedenen Sprachen]] (mentioning in an edit summary that you had moved the relevant Latin pages -- hence was evidently watching you carefully). Also that in adding footnotes to our page [[Dorado (constellatio)]] this editor pretended that the sources support only "Xiphias" whereas in fact those sources, now that I've checked them, support the official name "Dorado" as well! These clues suggest that the editor has an agenda which doesn't simply favour encyclopaedic Latinity; or, at least, should be persuaded to get an account and explain. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:04, 20 Aprilis 2016 (UTC) == Parallel 5 N == You may have seen my latest comment in that discussion: if you care to add a source and a few words of text, then of course the page becomes a self-respecting stipula and there's no earthly need to delete or merge it! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:58, 22 Aprilis 2016 (UTC) == Officina == Salve Iacobe. Iamne consonamus cum verbo 'Officina' significante anglice 'office',tibi?--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 02:52, 1 Maii 2016 (UTC) :I'll put in my twopenn'orth if you gentlemen permit. The senses of office and "officina" may overlap but they are far from identical. For the head office of a large business, my old dictionary suggests "sedes" or "domus". For the office as the section of any business where they do correspondence etc., maybe "scriptorium" (but it's not a classical term in this sense) or "tabularium". But what will Iacobus say? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:07, 1 Maii 2016 (UTC) ::Both Cassell's and Traupman define 'official' only as ''publicus.'' Traupman amplifies that by adding the example ''domus publica'' for 'official residence'. For websites, that would seem to be the most appropriate way to go; however, I've sometimes used ''proprius'' in the sense 'personal, individual, special, his/her very own'. ''Officialis'' is postclassical; see [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3Dofficialis L&S]. ¶ According to Traupman, a place of work is an ''officina,'' a political office is an ''honor,'' and a duty is an ''officium.'' In the case of ''officina,'' the element of work is apparently the key point: some sort of labor must occur there, as the term can be glossed 'shop, workshop, manufactory, laboratory', and even 'place where fowls are kept', presumably because the work done there is the laying of eggs and the hatching of chicks ([http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3Dofficina L&S]). [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:25, 1 Maii 2016 (UTC) :::The only sense of 'office' relating to 'a place of business' given in Cassell's is "''tabularium'' (= record-office)." [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:31, 1 Maii 2016 (UTC) ::::According to [https://books.google.com/books?id=baxAAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA315&lpg=PA315&dq=scala+musica+sunt&source=bl&ots=YZ0GvhlZfr&sig=7uEzk3GYeOBbFAT_legOkBSXPHw&hl=en&ei=-MHATNeZCIOC8gat2p3ZBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&sqi=2#v=onepage&q=office&f=false Ainsworth's] (the early-19th-century dictionary), the navy-office is the ''curia navalis,'' the place where you'll find a prince's master of ceremonies is a ''salutatorium,'' and the place where you'll be tortured & executed ('the hangman's office'!) is a ''carnificina''—but otherwise, the welter of examples given illustrate only senses having to do with things that must be done (duties, functions), by their silence perhaps implying that we use the term ''office'' in reference to a location much more readily than our ancestors did. That, in turn, might be a caution against looking for a single, general way to translate the term. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:55, 1 Maii 2016 (UTC) :::::... agreed: but, yes, "curia" is worth considering. Hadn't thought of that. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:12, 1 Maii 2016 (UTC) Your insights are valued, Andrew and Iacobus. You are aware that in Vatican/Catholic Latin, 'dicasterium' appears? Anyway is 'tabularium' ok for 'office for daily business transactions'? The future article will leave out 'function' or 'role' meanings.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 14:33, 1 Maii 2016 (UTC) == [[Eliana]] == [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#De Eliana et lingua valentina|Lectiones]], quas mihi [[Usor:Spqv]] proposuit, fortasse ad te mittere debuit? Haud scio! Maiuscula adiectivorum ethnicorum hodie rursus correxi; de aliis rebus curare potes si vis ... [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:05, 4 Maii 2016 (UTC) :I've seen the discussion in several disputation pages but haven't had the occasion to add anything. Certainly the Loeb Library edition capitalizes adjectives (and adverbs!) derived from proper nouns. If you want an example, here's one I found in quite literally three seconds: ''Reatina rura'' 'the country about Reate' (Suetonius, vol. 2, p. 302). Also, in dates, I should think writing ''III. Kal. ian.'' for ''III. Kal. Ian.'' would look strange (''Ian.'' there being an adjective), as would ''graece'' and ''latine'' and such. (Both Cassell's and Traupman capitalize them all.) Certainly capitalizing proper adjectives & adverbs has been the ''mos Vicipaedianus'' since the beginning. ¶ Generally, when contributors pop up to push a particular theory, they work on one particular item or set of related items and then disappear, so the damage to consistency is negligible. An example of that is the fellow who changed every (attested!) ''televisificus'' to (unattested!) ''televisivus''—with extensive disputing about why the latter is better—and then vanished. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:05, 4 Maii 2016 (UTC) ::That reminds me: one thing that lowercase-loving writers don't appreciate (or should we say not value highly) is the distinction that variable capitalization can make between, for example, ''mos Vicipaedianus'' 'the Vicipaedian custom' (referring to the Latin one) and ''mos vicipaedianus'' 'the wikipedian custom' (referring to the whole enterprise, the collection of wikipedias). This is the same point as ''Africa Orientalis'' 'East Africa' (a formally defined region) and ''Africa orientalis'' 'eastern Africa' (some vague area, perhaps accompanied by hand-waving). But I digress. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:05, 4 Maii 2016 (UTC) :::Granted: the original question is about ''ethnic'' adjectives only; but as the response implies, that can be construed part of a larger question. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:20, 4 Maii 2016 (UTC) De litterarum maiuscularum usu in gentilicios: Scriptura romana distinctionem inter maisculam et minusculam non cognovit. Scriptura mediaevalis cognovit distinctionem, sed non habuit regulam certam. Vide quodlibet manuscriptum mediaevale. Unde haec regula oritur? Ex lingua anglica. Eruditi anglici opera latina, grammaticas et thesauros secundum propriam ortographiam scripserunt. Propter linguae anglicae potentiam hic mos hodie servatus est etiam ab multis scriptoribus hispanis, italicis et lusitanis (qui non habent hanc regulam). Conclusio: lex non est, sed mos. Tu, more anglico, scribes “Romani”; ego, more hispanico, “romani”. Sed nec fiat mos regionalis lex universalis. Latinitas longa, vita brevis. De nomina moderna transferendo in latinum: Ego non video “José Plácido Domingo” versatum in linguam anglicam: “Joseph Pleasing Sunday”, ne quidem “Joseph Pleasing Domingo”. Nec “George Walker Bush” in linguam hispanam: “Jorge Peatón Arbusto”, ne quidem “Jorge P. Bush”. Et cetera, et cetera. [[Usor:Spqv|Spqv]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Spqv|disputatio]]) 18:40, 5 Maii 2016 (UTC) :Tell it to Laurentius Rabe (1465–1527), the Silesian scholar & poet, who called himself [[:en:Laurentius Corvinus|Laurentius Corvinus]]. Tell it to Heinrich Schütz (1585–1672), the preeminent early Baroque German composer, who called himself [[Henricus Sagittarius]] ([https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Sch%C3%BCtz auf Deutsch hic]). Tell it to Philipp Schwartzerdt (1497–1560), the German theologian, who called himself [[Philippus Melanchthon]] ('Atra Terra'): he changed "his surname from 'Schwartzerdt' (literally 'black earth'), into the Greek equivalent 'Melanchthon' (Μελάγχθων), ''a custom which was usual among humanists of that time''" (emphasis added). [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 00:16, 10 Maii 2016 (UTC) Haec deformatio vel pervertio aperte risu (vel irae) dignum est. Homines romani et mediaevales latina nomina habebant. Homines moderni (praeter summos pontifices vel raros viros illustres) sua nomina in propria lingua maneant. [[Usor:Spqv|Spqv]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Spqv|disputatio]]) 18:40, 5 Maii 2016 (UTC) De regulis ad nova vocabula latina fingenda scribam in extenso alio loco. Parire monstrua sicut: “teleiussibulum”, “laophorium”, “chamulcus”, “diamesolabeta”, et cetera vitandum est. [[Usor:Spqv|Spqv]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Spqv|disputatio]]) 18:40, 5 Maii 2016 (UTC) :Salve Spqv! Conversio praenominum, multum alibi disputata, statum [[Vicipaedia:De nominibus propriis|regulae]] apud nos accepit. Hic etiam est mos multorum qui hodie extra Vicipaediam Latine scribant, ut [http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/la/letters/2016/documents/papa-francesco_20160418_patrona-lussemburgo.html in Vaticano] (Rainerio Mariae). :Recte dicis vocabula recentia saepe utilia esse. Sin bonum locutio vel vocabulum classicum classicum exstat, eo uti malumus. Exempli gratia, in pagina disputationis Andreae de vocabulo "mercatus, -i" scripsisti. Fortasse haec declinatio apud scriptores Medii Aevi reperiri potest, sed cur non "mercatus, -ūs", quod apud Ciceronem, Livium et alios reperitur? [[Usor:Lesgles|Lesgles]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Lesgles|disputatio]]) 23:39, 9 Maii 2016 (UTC) ::Similiter, in [[Eliana]] he/she had written "mercatos . . . aspiciebat," and thinking it was a typo, I corrected it to "[[mercator]]es . . . aspiciebat," but he/she has reverted that change, going back to ''mercatos.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 00:23, 10 Maii 2016 (UTC) :::Verbum q.e. "mercatus -i" (meá paginá disputationis propositum) nullo fonte reperire possum. An fontem adducere potes, Spqv? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:00, 10 Maii 2016 (UTC) Salve, Spqv, maiuscularum usum Anglicum tibi displicere non miror, cum mihi quoque alienus videatur, nam in terris septentrionalibus idem fere mos maiuscularum scribendarum est ac apud Hispanos. Multi tamen sunt qui credant urbanum esse usui Anglico morigerari. Paucis ante diebus titulum "[[Bésame Mucho]]" iam octo fere annos conservatum in "Bésame mucho" mutavi. ¶ Ut dicis, "lex non est, sed mos," et de moribus non est disputandum. Cum quidem aliqua uniformitas praeferenda sit, ego pro mea parte ex auctorum Romanorum editionibus philologis (Bibliotheca Teubneriana, Scriptorum Classicorum Bibliotheca Oxoniensis, Les Belles Lettres) rationem scribendi deprompsi. Dicat quispiam, ne horum quidem morem sibi consistere. Fortasse ita, sed "pictura grandis" uniformitatem satis bonam exhibet. [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Neander|disputatio]]) 08:11, 10 Maii 2016 (UTC) :A cautionary note: remember that were talking about ''coding'' here, not about how texts appear on readers' screens. Coding texts in uppercase/lowercase style ''enables'' readers who wish to see nothing but lowercase text—or nothing but uppercase text, in the antique Roman manner—to use gadgets to do so (while it enables readers who wish to see uppercase/lowercase style to do so); coding texts in lowercase style ''prohibits'' readers who wish to see uppercase/lowercase style from doing so. The former enhances individual liberty; the latter squelches it. Those are the potential extremes. What seems to be in play here is the ''degree'' to which uppercase/lowercase style should be hard-coded. Expressions of anguish over the evils of English, which have explicitly appeared in talk pages from time to time over the past ten years, are't necessarily free of the appearance of what used to be called a cultural cringe. Ironically, they sometimes ignore actual English style, which, for example, has the Great Pee Dee '''R'''iver and the Little Pee Dee '''R'''iver, but together the Great Pee Dee and Little Pee Dee '''r'''ivers (lowercased because ''rivers'' isn't part of the ''name'' of either entity). Or, to cite a possibility where a preference for lowercasing adjectives leads into logical error: ''Virginia Occidentalis'' (a state west of Virginia) and ''Virginia occidentalis'' (an area in Virginia): those are not the same things, though universally lowercasing adjectives makes them so. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:50, 10 Maii 2016 (UTC) ::In case it's of interest, Captain Grammar Pants [sic] laid down these rules in Facebook just twenty-nine minutes ago: <<If you are located in the South, you may capitalize the word because it is a place. You might live in the Pacific Northwest of the United States, but you can still have friends in the East. However, when someone travels south to Brighton or north to Darwin, do not capitalize the direction. A key memory trick is to note that if it’s “the West,” with “the,” then capitalize. If it’s “driving west,” do not capitalize. As for the adjectives southern, western, northeastern, etc., capitalize them when they refer to a cultural identity (e.g., “Western thought”) but not when they are just regular adjectives (e.g., “the southwestern states”).>> Note the "key memory trick." Latin lacks this ''the,'' and therefore can't make this distinction with a word, but it can do so with a capital letter. ;) [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:37, 10 Maii 2016 (UTC) “Mercatus, -us” habet sensum vetus (locus ad quem mercatores emendi vendendique gratia conveniunt) et sensum modernum secundum modernam scientiam oeconomicam. Igitur melius est: “agricultura elianensis mercatus aliarum nationum aspiciebat”. “Mercatores” error non est sed in hoc casu melioris electio non est. De usu maiuscularum: In omnibus linguis semper possibilitas confusionis est. Scriptores et lectores italici, hispani et lusitani proprias linguas comprehendere possunt, quamvis anglica regula de gentilicio vocabulo non utuntur. Quod ad me attinet, ego bene intelligo “civitas Graeca” et “civitas graeca”, “rex Persarum” et “rex persarum”. Optasne forsan universalem grammaticam? Pulchrum propositum; sed cur, casu, anglica grammatica universalis est? De nomina moderna: Post s. XVI multi nomina latina sibi imposuerunt, velut Renatus Cartesius (René Descartes † 1650), et cetera, et sic legimus opera latina qui iidem scripserunt. Alli non mutaverunt propria nomina, velut Immanuel Kant († 1804), qui scripsit latine dissertationem “De mundi sensibilis forma” et nomen germanum non mutavit. Vide opera eius. Sed illo tempore multi de philosophia eius latine scripserunt et nomen eius mutaverunt: Emmanuel Kantius. Quoque Thomas Hobbes († 1679) in Hobbesio mutaverunt, et cetera. Ergo hodie licitum est haec nomina latina uti. Sed qui ipsi nomina non mutaverunt neque nullam relationem ad linguam latinam habent, cur mutare? Omnes linguae (Vide Vicipaedia) dicunt “George W. Bush”; sola Vicipaedia latina in “Georgio” mutare audet, etiam “Bushius” uti. Omnes dicunt: “José Plácido Domingo”; sola Vicipaedia latina: “Iosephus Placidus Domingo”. Pessima sors evenit praesidenti Barack Obama, cum Baracus euphemismus anglice (= bad ass) etiam est, hodie toto orbe notissimus, et omnes actoris “Mister T” memori sunt. Et cetera et cetera. Ridiculus mos delendus est. Num sola nomina latine scribere scimus? Utrum encyclopaediam an rem comicam Vicipaediam latinam esse exoptamus? [[Usor:Spqv|Spqv]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Spqv|disputatio]]) 10:31, 13 Maii 2016 (UTC) :Brevissime (si permittis, mi Iacobe) verba mea interpono. Vicipaediani hic, sicut in aliis linguis, a fontibus externis incipiunt. "Baracum" scribimus non e mente editoris cuiusdam, sed quia fontem Latinum habemus. Praenomina, quae formam Latinam traditionalem habent, convertere solemus non quia consuetudinem e novo invenimus, sed quia scriptores Latini temporis nostri (e.g. scribae Vaticanae, editores qui titulos Latinos divulgant, oratores universitatum, etc.) eandem rem faciunt, morem maiorum sequentes. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:58, 13 Maii 2016 (UTC) :: Non quidem omnes scriptores, mi Andrea, nam scriptores Nuntiorum Latinorum praenomina missum facere solent. ''Barack Obama, Vladimir Putin, John Kerry, Sergei Lavrov'' scribunt, quamquam, si opus est, ''Vladimirum Putin'' declinant. Ut iam antea monui, morem nostrum nimis orthodoxum esse puto, nec hos laudo Vicipaedianismos: ''Kevin Costner'' apud nos [[Coemgenus Costner]], ''Tamara Smirnova'' apud nos ex arcanis [[Thamar Smirnova]], ''Brigitte Bardot'' apud nos per miram metathesin [[Birgitta Bardot]], etc. Veniam da, si insolentius haec profero. Neminem offendere volo. [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Neander|disputatio]]) 12:57, 13 Maii 2016 (UTC) ::::Me non offendis! Neque Coemgenum neque Birgittam (tamquam nomina) amo. Usum nominativi nativi casuumque obliquorum declinatorum iamdudum suasi et ego, si recte memini. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:12, 13 Maii 2016 (UTC) :::In the world at large, translating forenames into local languages appears to be the default, not the exception, and it cannot therefore surprise anyone. Certainly the world has millions of boys formally named (in Spanish) ''Juan Pablo'' in honor of the man whom we call in English ''John Paul'' but whose proper name was ''Ioannes Paulus.'' Indeed, the Polish wiki, in his native language, translates his name into ''[[:pl:Jan Paweł II|Jan Paweł]].'' The Samoan wiki calls George III ''[[sm:Siaosi III|Siaosi III]]'' and Elizabeth II [[sm:Masiofo Elisapeta II|Elisapeta II]]. Plenty of similar examples can be found, even in the rarefied atmosphere of Wikilandia. The practice called ridiculous above may in modern languages be the norm; at the very least, it's not at all unusual. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:48, 13 Maii 2016 (UTC) ::::An norma sit, i quaere! Sed, sicut dicis, saepe fit. Graeci hodierni qui [[Syngraphus|syngraphos]] habent ibi duo nomina praebent, Graece (stylo classico) et Anglice. Insuper praenomen demoticum habent. Igitur [[Georgius Papandreu (natus 1952)|Georgius Papandreu]] est Γεώργιος apud situm parlamenti Graeci, Γιώργος in diariis, "George" apud Anglos, "Georges" saepius apud Francicos: in syngrapho suo, si recte intellegi, praenomina habebit Γεώργιος et George. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:03, 13 Maii 2016 (UTC) ::::: Iacobe, papae et reges/reginae hypocoristica quadam vi et sensu a vulgo distingui videntur. Licet ''Jan Paweł'' inter Hispanos ''Juan Pablo'' sit, ''Jan Matejko'' inter Hispanos non ''Juan Matejko'' appellatur. [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Neander|disputatio]]) 15:20, 13 Maii 2016 (UTC) == Rosa Viterbiensis == Gratias, Iacobus. --[[Usor:Cláudio José Aarão Rangel|Cláudio José Aarão Rangel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Cláudio José Aarão Rangel|disputatio]]) 14:40, 8 Maii 2016 (UTC) == Correction == Could you please correct the text in [[Iacetania]]? I am not sure if thre is any mistakke --[[Usor:Katxis|Katxis]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Katxis|disputatio]]) 21:03, 21 Maii 2016 (UTC) :I found some. The notice is to put links like this Regnum =><nowiki>[[Regnum]]</nowiki>. I think it is ok and removed the notice.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 01:46, 22 Maii 2016 (UTC) ::Well, almost. The Augenda formula was because the article wasn't complete, with sufficiently long text and reliable external sourcing. The Vicificanda formula was because some of the styling wasn't quite right; it's mostly OK now, but a few quirks remain, like the number 18.664, which is in the wrong form (Vicipaedia follows [[ISO]]). [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 02:12, 22 Maii 2016 (UTC) == Jamaican creole == Hi! Sorry to bother but could you please explain me the template <nowiki>{{Latinitas|-2}}</nowiki> and the word "Stipula". --[[Usor:Katxis|Katxis]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Katxis|disputatio]]) 18:33, 23 Maii 2016 (UTC) :''Stipula'' = 'stub', which Vicipaedia defines technically according to criteria specified by the <nowiki>{{Non stipula}}</nowiki> formula, less completely by the (new) <nowiki>{{Augenda}}</nowiki> formula. Latinitas = 'Latinity', a judgment of (mostly grammatical) quality from 1 to 7, where 1 is best. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 18:39, 23 Maii 2016 (UTC) : Thanks for clarifying it and for your help. :) --[[Usor:Katxis|Katxis]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Katxis|disputatio]]) 19:25, 23 Maii 2016 (UTC) == Num opportet omnes subscriptiones puncto concludere? == Salve Iacobe, cordialiter te invito, ut istam quaestionem nobiscum in Taberna diputares. [[Usor:Bis-Taurinus|Bis-Taurinus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Bis-Taurinus|disputatio]]) 20:15, 26 Maii 2016 (UTC) == Have you a moment? == ... if so, please glance at [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Litterae Asturianae]] and maybe give Katxis some hints. I have to break off here. Of course I know you're busy too ... [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:06, 1 Iunii 2016 (UTC) :Time to break off here too, but categorizing the new articles is probably more urgent. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:14, 1 Iunii 2016 (UTC) == Litterae Asturianae == Hi! I've made some changes in [[Litterae Asturianae]]. Could you please take a look at it? I hope it is better now. --[[Usor:Katxis|Katxis]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Katxis|disputatio]]) 14:12, 2 Iunii 2016 (UTC) ::Not just yet; still fixing the categories in articles added yesterday, and no time left today to complete even that task. :/ [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:30, 2 Iunii 2016 (UTC) :: No worries. Whenever you have time, please check it out. If you need a hand with categories, just ask me and I'll try to help you. --[[Usor:Katxis|Katxis]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Katxis|disputatio]]) 14:55, 2 Iunii 2016 (UTC) : Regarding [[Estoria de España]], is there any template to indicate that I am still writing the article? --[[Usor:Katxis|Katxis]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Katxis|disputatio]]) 14:13, 2 Iunii 2016 (UTC) ::Happened to see this. Fixed. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:25, 2 Iunii 2016 (UTC) == [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Cultura Romana antiqua etc.]] == It's quite a long conversation now, but if you cared to add a comment just at the end it would be welcome :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:42, 20 Iunii 2016 (UTC) == Articles == Could you please correct the words that are wrong? --[[Usor:Katxis|Katxis]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Katxis|disputatio]]) 02:15, 22 Iunii 2016 (UTC) :Ut ait noster Andreas: "I want to be helpful but I cannot spend time on your pages every day. I am only one user, like you, and I have my own work to do. I suggest, if you want help with each page, that you ask each time at the [[Vicipaedia:Taberna]]. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:41, 22 Iunii 2016 (UTC) ==familiariter utitur== Iacobus I just want to express that I appreciate your research about this usage and hope you continue doing this kind of research here at wikipedia.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 08:55, 3 Iulii 2016 (UTC) == [[Transplantatio organorum]] == Hi Iacobus, I realize you are busy but could you help me out with this article, what you find dubius or incorrect. Thanks in advance.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 15:42, 3 Iulii 2016 (UTC) :Yes, I'm busy, but worse: I'm not even here! You might find me [http://www.festival.si.edu/ on the Mall.] ;) [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:08, 3 Iulii 2016 (UTC) :::Ow knock yourself out, PARTY!!! Anyway, tonight <s>we dine in HELL!</s> I will be posting the English version and hopefully Neander (and you would help me out :) ).--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 00:14, 4 Iulii 2016 (UTC) I have cousins in Sta Ana and Orange County and stayed there. They drove me all the way to Las Vegas.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 00:16, 4 Iulii 2016 (UTC) == hymni == Salve, Iacobe. Inspicias quaeso paginam ''hymnus'' eiusque indices omnes fere rubricatos. Hi cantus, ut mi videtur, nullo modo hymni possunt dici. Sunt, ut tu ipse in pagina discussionis affirmas, res aliae. Nonne delendi sunt? --[[Usor:Bavarese|Bavarese]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Bavarese|disputatio]]) 14:56, 5 Augusti 2016 (UTC) ==dubsigs== Salve Iacobus, ut vales? May encourage you to continue placing dubsigs, they are very useful both for learning and fixing the latin. I may be working to fix the nympha marina, for example to replace ascitur with collegitur or additus.Thanks and best regards.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 01:10, 7 Augusti 2016 (UTC) :Salve Iacobe, gratias ([[Oxazepamum]]). hoc mei auxiliarissime sentio. [[Usor:Andreas Raether|Andreas Raether]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andreas Raether|disputatio]]) 12:54, 23 Martii 2017 (UTC) ==[[Bili ape]]== Hi Iacobus , kindly be more specific about what is incorrect or vague with this article. Thank you.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 15:21, 24 Augusti 2016 (UTC) == De latinitate maxdubia == Iacobe, [[ethica deontologica|ethicam deontologicam]] tantis erroribus scatere vidisti, ut commentationem latinitate maxdubia scriptam esse iudicares. Cum tu et ego soli textum ediderimus, nec credo te textum a te ipso editum vituperare, fieri potest, ut meam latinitatem repudiaris. Itaque rogo, ut errores in textu repertos indices. [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Neander|disputatio]]) 13:21, 31 Augusti 2016 (UTC) :I didn't deliberately add that marking and I don't know why it's there! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:40, 31 Augusti 2016 (UTC) ::Wait! I've figured out how it happened! I was copying the image :::<nowiki>{{Latinitas|-3}}[[Fasciculus:Jeremy_Bentham_by_Henry_William_Pickersgill_detail.jpg|thumb|200 px|Ieremias Bentham.]]</nowiki> ::from the page on [[Ieremias Bentham]], and as you see here, the "Latinitas|-3" came along for the ride. I didn't notice it! Since your Latin is far better than mine, you can be sure that I wouldn't intentionally mark it maxdubia! (I'll go and delete that rating now.) [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:45, 31 Augusti 2016 (UTC) ::: OK, to tell the truth, I had to rub my eyes a few times, but it didn't go away! ''':–)''' [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Neander|disputatio]]) 15:58, 31 Augusti 2016 (UTC) ===Bono=== By the way, you might want to think about rephrasing "Rectum Bono praefertur." It's perfectly good Latin, succinct & clear, but impressionable teenagers are going to snicker that it means 'A rectum is preferred to [[:en:Bono|Bono]].' (!!!) Maybe lowercasing ''bono'' would help. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:52, 31 Augusti 2016 (UTC) : As you certainly have realized, I have a near-compulsory dislike of initial majuscula. ''':–)''' Now that I for once used this stylistic gimmick, the result is deplorable: comparing Bono with rectum, and preferring the latter! Phew! Maybe it's better, indeed, to return to my old habits. [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Neander|disputatio]]) 15:58, 31 Augusti 2016 (UTC) == [[Abrahamus Bloteling]] == Salve, Iacobe. Jacobsdr. (Jacob dochter) valet "Iacobi filia". --[[Usor:Maria.martelli|Maria.martelli]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Maria.martelli|disputatio]]) 17:59, 1 Septembris 2016 (UTC) == Edwinus Atherstone and Stropha regalis== Salve, please forgive me using international language instead of Latin, but I did not have much Latin at school. Thank You very much for reviewing my articles. I think Edwin Atherstone should be in Latin Wikipedia, as he wrote chiefly about ancient wars, battles and disasters. Perhaps another, more detailed, article about ''The Fall of Nineveh'' should be made and - one day I hope - will be written. Another thing is about Stropha regalis. I had no source for Latin name of the stanza, it is just a translation. I do not know, if somebody ever wrote about the form in Latin. You surely know that the strophe is called also Chaucerian strophe or Troilus strophe, but I did not find any text written in Latin with such terms. I just thought that Kynaston's work should be appreciated. May be, his translation is the only example of the use of rhyme royal in Latin. Although ''non sum dignus'', I would like to write something else for Latin Wikipedia, but I am afraid I will work very slowly. Thanks once again ([[Usor:Anagram16|Anagram16]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Anagram16|disputatio]]) 23:20, 3 Septembris 2016 (UTC)) :Any honest attempts to contribute are welcome, so please feel free to continue, and good luck! One of the best Latin poets of the nineteenth century is said to have been [[:en:Walter Savage Landor|Walter Savage Landor]]. He got into legal trouble for some of his Latin insults. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:02, 17 Septembris 2016 (UTC) == Thanks for the Muisca additions == Hi IacobusAmor, thanks for the Muisca articles you translated into Latin. For me it's too long ago and too far down in my brain to actively use Latin, but nice to see. What about adding a category Muisca, to have the (hopefully) future articles organised in one category? The detail I am building in en:wiki may be too much for now, but 1 cat for "Muisca" would be good? Keep up the good work and I will hopefully add more Muisca soon. ''Ex nihilo nihil fit''. Cheers, [[Usor:Tisquesusa|Tisquesusa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Tisquesusa|disputatio]]) 00:35, 17 Septembris 2016 (UTC) :You're welcome. Our category maven is Andrew Dalby; I prefer the category structure of the English wiki, but it gets adjusted over here. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:02, 17 Septembris 2016 (UTC) ::First time in my life anyone's called me a maven! ::Of course a category can be added as soon as anyone's sure Vicipaedia will have a plurality of articles on the subject. A category that remains populated by only one article is at some risk of being eventually merged or deleted. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:17, 17 Septembris 2016 (UTC) == Alta Franciae == Salve Iacobe, rogo te, ut responsum meum in pagina disputationis '''Alta Franciae''' [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disputatio:Alta_Franciae] legeres! Spero valeas! [[Usor:Bis-Taurinus|Bis-Taurinus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Bis-Taurinus|disputatio]]) 23:41, 3 Novembris 2016 (UTC) == Secretary of Labor == I noticed the Latin equivalent you cited, "Secretary of Labor = Minister Laboris". What do you think about this yourself? I asked myself the question just recently when making navigation boxes for other US "Secretaries". Eventually I saw no reason not to use the word "secretarius". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 17:29, 20 Novembris 2016 (UTC) :I suppose they're both OK. I've been treating governmental departments as ''ministeria,'' and so their heads might just as well be '''''ministri''''' (of whom the chief is of course the [[primus minister|primus]]). For the political sense of 'secretary', Traupman gives the generic term ''(ad)minister''—but then he gives six examples: secretary of agriculture, commerce, education, the interior, state or foreign affairs, the treasury = ''agriculturae provehendae, commercii, eruditionis, rerum interiorum, rerum externarum, aerarii '''praefectus.''''' So that's not one, not two, but three possibilies! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 17:50, 20 Novembris 2016 (UTC) ::For a governmental agency (distinct from a department), I've been using ''agentura,'' which seems to be unclassical. The distinction has just become urgent in the United States because Donald Trump apparently wants to hire his son-in-law to work for him in the White House, but a federal antinepotism law forbids such a thing in governmental "agencies"—and so Trump's apologists are now arguing that the White House isn't an agency. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 17:56, 20 Novembris 2016 (UTC) == [[:Categoria:Pagi Samoani]] == ''A propos'', you might care to glance at your pages in this category. Some are currently marked "augenda". All they lack, I think, is an external source. It may even be that one source would serve for all. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:52, 4 Decembris 2016 (UTC) :Yes, I've been thinking of tidying them up, alongside certain Oceanic languages, as part of a December cleanup. So much to do! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:27, 4 Decembris 2016 (UTC) == NexInt == Nesciebam de elegante nova formula {{fn|NexInt}}, mi Iacobe! --[[User:Xaverius|<span style="color:blue;">Xave</span>]][[:eu:Lankide:Xaverius|<span style="color:green;">ri</span>]][[:eu:Lankide_eztabaida:Xaverius|<span style="color:red;">us</span>]] 08:40, 9 Decembris 2016 (UTC) :Multae res fiebantur te absente, amice! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:09, 9 Decembris 2016 (UTC) ==De nexibus rubris== Why you put link with page that don´t exist? That is unnecessary, and hurt the seeing.--[[Usor:Al-Baco|Al-Baco]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Al-Baco|disputatio]]) 16:59, 27 Decembris 2016 (UTC) :Mos vicipaedianus. Maybe you didn't notice that I inserted two correct links whose bad versions you'd deleted (if you'd tried harder, you might have found them: [[gens Iulia]] for the wrong <nowiki>[[Iulia (familia)]]</nowiki> and [[Bucolica]] for the wrong <nowiki>[[Bucolica (Vergilius)]]</nowiki>); one of the other red links will be turning blue today because of an article that's about to be added (because the red link enticed me to work on it). Also, the page in question ([[Aeneis]]) is one of the [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usor:Amahoney/Myrias_epitome 10,000 officially most important pages], and for purposes of the competition at [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias_by_expanded_sample_of_articles Meta], longer is better. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 17:33, 27 Decembris 2016 (UTC) ::I agree with Iacobus. Red links are often very useful, because they encourage people to create needed articles (compare the English guideline at [[:en:WP:RED]]). [[Usor:Lesgles|Lesgles]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Lesgles|disputatio]]) 18:01, 27 Decembris 2016 (UTC) == Papuan languages == It's really good to have some articles about languages of this group. How about the suffix -ana? Do we need to do that (given that e.g. English doesn't)? ''Should'' we do it without a source for the adjective? My feeling would be that "Lingua Angal", like the English, works OK and means that we aren't inventing anything. But what's your view? Happy New Year, incidentally :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:32, 1 Ianuarii 2017 (UTC) :Well, unless you have a source, I'll move those pages. Several years ago I verified all the names of language pages, moving those whose "Latin" name couldn't be verified. Let's keep up that standard: nolemus fingere. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:01, 26 Ianuarii 2017 (UTC) ::Ah, what? (Sorry; missed this.) It seems like a productive suffix to me. (Indeed, it's officially so in botany.) The English ''Engan languages'' presupposes Latin ''linguae Enganae,'' not ''linguae Enga.'' Similarly ''Papuan'' and ''Papuana.'' And so forth. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 18:34, 26 Ianuarii 2017 (UTC) :::Consider the pagenames [[Lingua Angaliana]], [[Lingua Engana]], [[Lingua Huliana]], [[Lingua Ipiliana]], [[Lingua Kewana]], [[Lingua Kyakana]], [[Lingua Lembena]], [[Lingua Neteana]], [[Lingua Samberigiana]]. I haven't seen any parallel outside Latin for those names: I think they are made up. If there ''are'' parallels, please, by all means cite them! Otherwise, these seem to be unnecessary inventions. We're not supposed to do that, and we don't need to. :::What I mean is, we could just say "lingua Angal" etc. and that means we're not making anything up. Isn't that better? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:27, 27 Ianuarii 2017 (UTC) ::::Yes, that's fine, but the English does warrant a differentation between ''lingua Enga'' ('Enga language') and ''linguae Enganae'' ('Engan languages'), the ''anus'' suffix serving a linguistic function; compare the ''icus'' suffix for protolanguages. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:35, 27 Ianuarii 2017 (UTC) :::::I agree with that, and I think the English names for the ''groups'', containing that Latin suffix -an, indeed give us just the precedent we need for names in -ana. You pointed this out above, incidentally showing that my initial comment wasn't perfectly clear (I was probably rushing to save the page before dinner). [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:51, 27 Ianuarii 2017 (UTC) == Nystalus Obamai etc. == I'm enjoying learning about an unexpected aspect of the Obama legacy. Thank you! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:20, 27 Ianuarii 2017 (UTC) :You're welcome. One or two more biota named after him have no entry in any wiki yet, and I haven't had time to compile an article on them de novo. Feel free to do so, if you like! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:24, 27 Ianuarii 2017 (UTC) ::I'll try to get ''[[Teleogramma obamaorum]]'' (a fish named for the whole family) done soon. There's a Cuban bee with no separate article (of genus ''[[Lasioglossum]]'') and a parasitic worm (''[[Paragordius obamai]]''). So that's ten items. Will Trump have more? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:33, 27 Ianuarii 2017 (UTC) :::Note the genitive seen in ''obamai‎.'' Do zoologists know that they're using an archaic form here (''obamāī'')? They've probably decided to form genitives universally by adding ''i'' to proper nouns. With names ending in ''a,'' botanists wouldn't do that, would they? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:43, 27 Ianuarii 2017 (UTC) == Mandarins == You were right to reinstate the "FD ref" against "Lingua Mandarina normalis" -- I carelessly deleted it while preparing a version of the beginning of that article to go on our pagina prima. Do you have anything to add at [[Disputatio:Lingua Mandarina]]? All comments welcome! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:49, 31 Ianuarii 2017 (UTC) :But I hadn't noticed your deletion! I was just wanting to prompt people to search for a source. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 17:51, 31 Ianuarii 2017 (UTC) == [...]² == Yes, and you can tell me what my page interferes on the other articles? I'm not causing any problems on other pages, you just go to my page if you want, no one is forcing you. --[[Usor:HunteWinchester123|HunteWinchester123]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:HunteWinchester123|disputatio]]) 21:31, 12 Februarii 2017 (UTC) :Nobody said anything about interference. I was just trying to be useful in suggesting ways you might help with the project. That, after all, is the central question: how can we improve scope and the Latinity of Vicipaedia? I'm not an administrator, so feel free to take your questions elsewhere. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 21:57, 12 Februarii 2017 (UTC) == Punctuation in captions == You might want to comment at the Taberna? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:25, 21 Martii 2017 (UTC) == de partibus frumenti == Salve amice! Ut video, in pagina ''fascis'' heri laboravisti. Certe eam partem frumenti, e qua fasces fecisti, ''caulem'' appellare licet. Sed usitatius et testibus melius probatum mihi vocabulum ''[[culmus]]'' videtur esse. Tu quidem de ea re quid sentis? Vale! --[[Usor:Bavarese|Bavarese]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Bavarese|disputatio]]) 10:27, 2 Aprilis 2017 (UTC) :Qua pro causa definitionem in Wikipedia Anglica iam in paginis privatis converteram ut commentarium de culmo in Vicipaediam mox inonerarem. Ideo ambo texta nunc misceo. Manent autem haec verba: ::<small>==Malting==</small> ::<small>In the production of malted grains the culms refer to the rootlets of the germinated grains. The culms are normally removed in a process known as "deculming" after kilning when producing [[hordeum vulgare|barley]] malt, but form an important part of the product when making [[sorghum]] or [[millet]] malt. These culms are very nutritious and are sold off as animal feed.<nowiki>><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.fao.org/ag/AGA/AGAP/FRG/AFRIS/Data/467.HTM | title=Malt culms, malt sprouts, malt coombs | publisher=Animal Feed Resources Information System}}</ref></nowiki></small> :Gratias! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:02, 2 Aprilis 2017 (UTC) == Timothaeus? == Hi, Iacobe. I doubt that "Timothaeus" is a usual spelling: I think the name comes from Greek Τιμόθεος, which converts normally to Latin "Timotheus". The spelling "Timothaeus" is fairly rare on Google. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:30, 25 Maii 2017 (UTC) :Oops. Well, let's change it back then. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 17:08, 25 Maii 2017 (UTC) == Poets == It is distinctly useful to have lists of poets by country. I'm really glad you're doing that! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:51, 7 Iunii 2017 (UTC) :Thanks. A few have problematic nationalities, so they're being left for later. It's surprising how many countries have no poets. Sadly, one is finding that many of these articles, especially those that date from the early days of the project, were typed with characteristic sloppiness, and their coding wantonly includes extra spaces, extra blanklines, unnecessary italics, gratuitous instances of "right" and "250px" in illustrations, the use of "mortuus est" where "mortuus" is better, and so forth. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:25, 7 Iunii 2017 (UTC) ::So many of those pages copy-edited, so many still to do. Let us praise the Vicipaedian who gave us such entries rather than no entries at all, but I only wish that, having typed them, he had paused for a moment to read them :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:58, 7 Iunii 2017 (UTC) :::Yes, but that's the least of our worries (says someone who lives a mile from the White House). [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:02, 7 Iunii 2017 (UTC) == [[Lien]] == Thank you for your help in analysing the article. Please feel free to provide constructive advise or even correct it. I will be making some corrections. Thanks in advance.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 07:01, 28 Iunii 2017 (UTC) == Imagines bis datae == When we have a duplicate image because of the addition of an infobox, there's sometimes another way to deal with it. If the image is not a mugshot (I hate the term, but they use it as standard on Vicipaedia Anglica these days), it may be better to insert a mugshot as the preferred image at Wikidata, and to retain our image on our page ... which will (a) with luck, have an informative caption, and (b) no longer be identical with the image that comes through from Wikidata. This is what I have done at [[Guillelmus II (rex Siciliae)]] and [[Lucius III]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:38, 12 Iulii 2017 (UTC) :OK, but note the problem with bibliographical formulas that random recasting turned up in [[Lucius III]]. The best way to handle bibliographic entries might be to use a formula that will produce text in a style chosen by readers. Sometimes one sees hard-coded styles or formula-produced styles that make one say "Ugh," but some of these formulas are obscure enough not to be modifiable without bothersome research. This is an ancient problem. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:47, 12 Iulii 2017 (UTC) ::...err.. I wasn't talking about bibliographical formulas but about the infobox. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:13, 12 Iulii 2017 (UTC) :::Yes, I was acknowledging the problem of twice-given images and then raising another issue. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:05, 12 Iulii 2017 (UTC) ::::That's good. ::::I don't know what the bibliographical issue was (was it on those same pages?): my general response is that we ought really to be able to agree on a bibliographical format, but it would require discussion and compromise. If that happened, we could keep to the agreed standard in future, and all formulae could be adjusted to match, quite easily in most cases. I don't think anything's hard-coded. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:15, 12 Iulii 2017 (UTC) == [[Gualterus Ophamil]] == Hunc effectum produxit interventio tua: ''Delle Donne, Fulvio. 2003. {{{3}}}, "Gualtiero" in Dizionario biografico degli Italiani (Romae)? 60: 224–227.'' Auctoris nomen D.J.A. Matthew minime redarguisti, quia Dalby id fecit? Et quid sit de latino disputando? --[[Usor:Enzian44|Enzian44]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Enzian44|disputatio]]) 00:40, 13 Iulii 2017 (UTC) :I just happened to look at that page this morning. I removed your hidden text in English: surely it's bad to add hidden text, especially if not in Latin, to a page that is in a good state? It makes the page worse in general. Specifically it makes it more difficult for other editors, especially those who don't use English, to edit. I notice that the hidden text was about the problem you raise in our discussion just above. Always happy to discuss bibliographical formats, but let's do it where others can join in :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:41, 13 Iulii 2017 (UTC) == [[Zubin Mehta]] == It was an almost empty page to which I added some curriculum vitae. So, what made you then add "ScDub"? Was it some terrible mistake of mine? Do tell ... [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 20:57, 28 Iulii 2017 (UTC) :He's a conductor, not a [[concentus magister]]. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 21:39, 28 Iulii 2017 (UTC) ::Well, if you couldn't remember the Latin for "conductor", why didn't you at least say what was wrong? A tiny bit unhelpful to put a tag like that, without explanation, on a page which has two inaccurate words. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:40, 29 Iulii 2017 (UTC) ::: In rebus musicis variae notionum confusiones esse solent, sicut hic. [[Herbertus de Karajan|Herbert von Karajan]] "concentus magister" appellatur, et [[Leonardus Bernstein|Leonard Bernstein]] "dux orchestrae", quoae appellatio invicem in "concentus magistrum" dirigitur. Equidem [[Norstedts svensk-latinska ordbok|lexicon Vilborgianum]] secutus illos homines (nec non Mehtam) '''moderatores musicorum''' dixerim. [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Neander|disputatio]]) 11:06, 29 Iulii 2017 (UTC) ::::Gratias ago. Id nunc scripsi, formula {{fn|ScDub}} deleta. Tibi placet, Iacobe? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:30, 29 Iulii 2017 (UTC) == "Fixed typo" == I was looking through your recent contributions, hoping to spot a potential pagina mensis, and [https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brasilia&diff=next&oldid=3284318 this caught my eye]. You're 100% right, needless to say. Maybe you are aware of what I'm going to say already, but just in case you're not: there is an anonymous user who quite frequently inserts low-grade vandalism with edit summaries like "fixed typo". Curiously, in this case, it wasn't ''exactly'' vandalism: a reasonable person might really feel that Michel Temer is not among the must-have illustrations for an article on Brazil. However, whether this means that the said anonymous user has suddenly come out as left-of-Genghis-Khan, or has a politically active twin sister who uses the same edit summary, or it's a complete coincidence, isn't clear, at least to me ... If you have any recent long articles that you'd like to suggest as pagina mensis, please say at once! now's the time! I have left this a bit too long. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:45, 30 Iulii 2017 (UTC) :I didn't know that, about low-grade anonymous vandalism, but now that you explain it, it seems likely—and human nature being what it is, we can predict with a fair degree of confidence that the world has produced more than one such perpetrator. (I hadn't noticed it here before; maybe you're speaking about other wikis?) ¶ As for paginae mensis, have we done [[Petrus Seeger]]? As you probably know, you can find my contributions in the series of annual pages of which [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usor:IacobusAmor/Addita_anno_2017 this] is the current one. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:03, 30 Iulii 2017 (UTC) ::Thanks very much, I was trying to remember the name, of course I'd seen the Pete Seeger article. It will surely be used. I'll put a comment on the Pagina mensis page asking for other suggestions. Don't hang back. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:13, 30 Iulii 2017 (UTC) :::[[Fasciculus:PeteSeeger2.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3]] That article has a thickly revelatory historical photo, showing the First Lady of the United States being entertained by a U.S. Army soldier who at the time was (secretly) a member of the Communist Party, surrounded by blacks & whites in a city where the mixing of the races at social events was generally prohibited. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:24, 30 Iulii 2017 (UTC) == [[Ecclesia Sancti Ioannis Baptistae in Pulchra Villa]] == Tibi gratias ago, vale!!! [[Usor:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Rei Momo|disputatio]]) 14:33, 16 Augusti 2017 (UTC) == Two formulae or one? == Hi, Iacobe. I notice that you continue to use both "Non stipula" and "Augenda". And why not? Both exist! But I was wondering whether both of them ''need'' to go on existing, or whether we can merge them. What do you think? The advantage of "Augenda" is that it is dated (to the month) automatically, making it easier to see when a page is out of time. A substantive difference between the two is that "Augenda" offers three months, "Non stipula" six months, but that's really just history and I don't believe there's any reason to continue with two different deadlines. Anyway, I'd be glad to hear your views. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:13, 20 Septembris 2017 (UTC) ::I thought we'd agreed that inadequate articles contributed ''before'' some fixed date (July 2016, perhaps) were to get the "Non stipula" formula, and any such articles contributed ''after'' then were to get the "Augenda" one. Maybe the agreement was unclear. ¶ Many times, however, I've asked myself if especially the older "Non stipula" ones shouldn't be sent to some sort of limbo, rather than the death row (so to speak) where they now live, subject to random execution. After all, some of them are in the 10K---or even 1K---list, and Vicipaedia can't afford to go without them. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:55, 20 Septembris 2017 (UTC) :::Indeed, I feel sure you're right and we did say that initially, but I am wondering if the distinction continues to be useful. :::As to being on death row, I see what you mean but I regard these formulae as being the "limbo" rather than the "death row". I don't think I have ever deleted a page that was in the 10,000 (or maybe there was one, consisting of nine totally useless words) and even with other pages I'm sure we all often improve them, to push them over the bar, rather than let them fall. If we're worried about this, incidentally, we could agree that six months is a better deadline than three months. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:22, 20 Septembris 2017 (UTC) :A propos, but a very minor point, I couldn't see what made [[Libatio]] a "Non stipula" so I took out that formula. Please put it back by all means, but maybe with a helpful hint :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:24, 20 Septembris 2017 (UTC) ::Ha! I was just intending to remove the expired "succurre" formula; so you did right. As a rule, all pre-breakfast edits should be subject to more scrutiny than properly caffeinated ones! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:55, 20 Septembris 2017 (UTC) :::A useful rule, I'll remember it! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:22, 20 Septembris 2017 (UTC) == Beneharo == What it means is: That Beneharo accepted the Spanish conquest of the island. In all the Latin articles of these Guanche kings he speaks of this, of the kings who fought against the Spanish conquerors and the kings who peacefully accepted the conquest. :[[Adjoña]], [[Añaterve]], [[Beneharo]] and [[Pelinor]] accepted the conquest peacefully. :[[Acaimo]], [[Bencomo]], [[Pelicar]], [[Romen]] and [[Tegueste II]] did not accept it and war with the Spaniards. Greetings.--[[Specialis:Conlationes/87.223.177.29|87.223.177.29]] 08:21, 25 Septembris 2017 (UTC) == De pagina prima mea== Pagina mea habebat magnos erroros, quaeso adiuvatis me corrigere hos erroros, sed scio Latine male. Debeo scribere: nescio Anglice item. Scribitisne Russice? P. S. Nolite delere paginam meam, Товарищ герцог Мальборо [die 11 Novembris 2017, hora 13:58)] :Ne te crucia: paginas delere nequeo. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:06, 11 Novembris 2017 (UTC) ::Intellegisne quid scribam in pagina de signis? Товарищ герцог Мальборо [die 11 Novembris 2017, hora 13:58)] :::Intellego. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:14, 11 Novembris 2017 (UTC) ::::Num haec pagina habet grammaticos errores? Товарищ герцог Мальборо [die 11 Novembris 2017, hora 13:58)] :::::''Errorus'' non est verbum Latinum. In dictionario vide ''mendum.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:03, 11 Novembris 2017 (UTC) ::::::''Error'' est verbum diclinationis tertiae. Товарищ герцог Мальборо [die 11 Novembris 2017, hora 13:58)] :::::::Ita vero, ''error'' est verbum Latinum; ''erroros'' tamen non est. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:30, 11 Novembris 2017 (UTC) ::::::Videbam huius verbum in vocabularo Dvoretscii. Tamen, quaeso corrigere mea munda in pagina de signis diacriticis. Товарищ герцог Мальборо [die 11 Novembris 2017, hora 13:58)] :::::::Tempore hodie careo. Vale. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:30, 11 Novembris 2017 (UTC) ::::::::Intellego hanc phrasam. Gratias. == Usus declinationis == Salvete! Habebam usum diclinationis antiquae in verbo ''error'': alternatio '''o''' et '''e''' in principio huius diclinationis erat (legebam de historia morphologiae Latinae) Et nota vestra exacta est. In Latina Classica (et Latina vulgaris item) "error" est verbum diclinationis tertiae. P. S. Gratias, commilito. Cognitiones vestrae in Latina magnae sunt, sed meae malae sint. Товарищ герцог Мальборо :Si de historia morphologiae Latinae legebas, optime, o amice. Sed hic scribenti, adiumenta petenti, tibi melius erit consilium accipere: linguá Latiná "erroros" error est :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:43, 12 Novembris 2017 (UTC) :::Gratias, Andrea! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:15, 12 Novembris 2017 (UTC) :: Ubi est linguá Latiná in historia huius linguae? Non videbam haec verba in libro. Videbam tantummodo alternationem diclinationis tertiae. Товарищ герцог Мальборо :::Hmm, melius mihi erit in [[Disputatio Usoris:Товарищ герцог Мальборо|pagina disputationis tua]] respondere. (Ave, Iacobe!) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:49, 12 Novembris 2017 (UTC) Non ''tua'', sed ''vestra''. Respicite meam personam, quaeso[[Disputatio Usoris:Товарищ герцог Мальборо == De [[Henricus Dundas|Dundate]], politico Anglico == Salvete! Si vultis, potestis corrigere meos error'''e'''s huius paginae.[[Usor:Товарищ герцог Мальборо|Товарищ герцог Мальборо]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Товарищ герцог Мальборо|disputatio]]) 16:17, 9 Decembris 2017 (UTC) ==Double infinitive == Happy New Year Iacobus!! This is an example of a double infinitive([https://www.google.com.ph/search?ei=RoBRWrrVIcWR8gX83oj4CQ&q=Ita+hac+opinione+fretus+tuto+se+facere+posse+existimabat.&oq=Ita+hac+opinione+fretus+tuto+se+facere+posse+existimabat.&gs_l=psy-ab.3..33i160k1.25309.25309.0.26605.1.1.0.0.0.0.259.259.2-1.1.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-ab..0.1.258....0.s2Tr0eS7Ni8 Ita hac opinione fretus tuto se facere posse existimabat.]) with which you created so much attention. Best regards.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 02:09, 7 Ianuarii 2018 (UTC) :Forgive me for intruding -- I have no idea of the context of your discussion, Donald Trump and Michael Wolff must have monopolized ''my'' attention -- but double infinitives are quite often seen in the context of an accusative and infinitive construction (with main verb of saying or thinking, ''existimabat'' in this case) if the leading verb within the construction (''posse'' in this case) would regularly demand an infinitive anyway. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:08, 8 Ianuarii 2018 (UTC) ::Mysteries abound! Maybe someone will supply a link? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:20, 8 Ianuarii 2018 (UTC) My apologies, I can't seem to find the link, I'm obviously mistaken. Although I've been avoiding this usage. Thanks Iacobus and Andrew for clearing this up.--[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 12:30, 9 Ianuarii 2018 (UTC) == I reverted ... momentarily ... == ... at [[Septentrio]], because by removing the old interwiki links you demonstrated that, for some strange reason, no Wikidata link had taken their place. So I created a Wikidata link, and then restored your edit. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:04, 9 Ianuarii 2018 (UTC) == Share your experience and feedback as a Wikimedian in this global survey == <div class="mw-parser-output"> <div class="plainlinks mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"> Hello! The Wikimedia Foundation is asking for your feedback in a survey. We want to know how well we are supporting your work on and off wiki, and how we can change or improve things in the future. The opinions you share will directly affect the current and future work of the Wikimedia Foundation. You have been randomly selected to take this survey as we would like to hear from your Wikimedia community. 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Some people ''do'' call it an apple, and some artists have painted it as such. I guess one could expand the sentence to say that the texts don't support this identification and there are many others. Would that be your solution? But I guess what's really needed is a Latin page corresponding to [[:en:Forbidden fruit]]. The identification is discussed at length there, and illustrated with a Breughel/Raphael painting in which it certainly is an apple, though Adam seems to be looking at the wrong (pair of) fruits. 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We have designed the survey to make it impossible to identify which users have taken the survey, so we have to send reminders to everyone. To opt-out of future surveys, send an email through EmailUser feature to [[:m:Special:EmailUser/WMF Surveys|WMF Surveys]]. You can also send any questions you have to this user email. [[m:Community_Engagement_Insights/About_CE_Insights|Learn more about this survey on the project page.]] This survey is hosted by a third-party service and governed by this Wikimedia Foundation [[:foundation:Community_Engagement_Insights_2018_Survey_Privacy_Statement|privacy statement]]. </div> <span class="mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr">[[m:User:WMF Surveys|WMF Surveys]]</span>, 00:48, 20 Aprilis 2018 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:WMF Surveys@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Community_Engagement_Insights/MassMessages/Lists/2018/we6&oldid=17898672 --> == [[Formula:BE-WLX]] == Hi, Iacobe. Your edit to this template was maybe a slip of the pen? I reverted it. A template (formula) isn't an encyclopedia page, needn't be wikified, and shouldn't be lengthened. It wants to be as short and efficient as possible. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:47, 5 Maii 2018 (UTC) :Oops. I didn't notice. Thanks for fixing it! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 21:45, 5 Maii 2018 (UTC) == Gosh == Gosh, here am I reverting again. That move to [[Syndroma Skuminianum]]: the rule is to cite a source when you move a page, unless you do it to improve poor Latinity. In this case you weren't improving, because (a) syndroma is feminine (if I mistake not, Watson) (b) "Skuminianum" seems to be a made-up word. Tell me if I'm wrong. I found and cited a source for "Syndroma Skumin", see the footnote, but I'm not satisfied with it: it's a wild wiki and could well have been written by our own contributor immediately before our page was created. However, if there is eventually no good source to be found, "Syndroma Skumin" contains no invented words and would therefore remain acceptable as a translated term, if I understand our guidelines correctly. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:31, 9 Maii 2018 (UTC) :Since the time of Caesar at the latest, a syntactic transform functional in the living language has been (and in botany formally remains) freely to add ''(i)anus'' to make an adjective from personal names. See [https://books.google.com/books?id=Xa_CpgHUlbsC&pg=PA174&lpg=PA174&dq=einsteiniana+sunt&source=bl&ots=MQD5Q4HB29&sig=iKYJ3xeT4UCwiXgFNFIXmzGsTf8&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjp2PaC4_jaAhXBVt8KHT8fCMcQ6AEwA3oECAAQVA#v=onepage&q=einsteiniana%20sunt&f=false ''formuala illa Einsteiniana''] (by Stephen Berard) and [http://ephemeris.alcuinus.net/archi2007/nuntius.php?id=334 ''Oratio Bushiana''] (at ''Ephemeris'') and [http://ephemeris.alcuinus.net/nuntius.php?id=1286 de administratione Trumpiana] (also at ''Ephemeris''). ¶ ''Syndroma'' could well be feminine (and as such it does get hits via Google), but examples of neuter exist, both on the internet (e.g., [https://portal.abczdrowie.pl/pytania/villi-placentares-et-residua-deciduae-sine-villoris-cum-signis-syndromatis-arias-stellae-w-wyniku-badania-histopatologicznego "cum signis syndromatis Arias-Stellae,"] and in Vicipaedia itself (e.g., in [[Antiarrhythmicum]]). Something to be investigated! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:08, 9 Maii 2018 (UTC) ::Well, go ahead, but it's borrowed from classical Greek συνδρομή, 1st decl. feminine, already used by medical authors to mean 'concurrence of symptoms' etc., so I'm thinking those people have made a mistake. ::I agree -ianus and -ensis are actively used in classical-to-current Latin to form new adjectives. If I encounter apparent neologisms of this kind in our ''text'', and they read naturally, and I can understand them, I generally leave them alone. But in pagenames our rules surely don't allow us to make up such words. Since our pagenames are (willy nilly, via Google) an almost universal source on the Latin name for things, and it's good that Vicipaedia (willy nilly, via Google) is taken seriously on this, we should be careful with pagenames and follow our guidelines. ::Of course it's just great if ''Ephemeris'', or the Vatican, or the Linnaean nomenclatura, or a university oration, or any recent Latin publication, gives us the word. That's quite different: we use the word and cite the source. Others can see where we got the word from, and judge the name accordingly. We don't help anyone if we make up words in pagenames. Let's face it, it is common in classical-to-modern Latin to borrow foreign names in an unchanged or transliterated form, and most modern languages do the same. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:11, 9 Maii 2018 (UTC) ::: Who writes ''syndroma, -atis'' commits an understandable mistake called hypercorrection. It's true that the shape of ''syndroma'' suggests a neuter noun for anyone with some knowledge of Greek, but ultimately, each word has a life of its own. The natural Latin counterpart of Greek συνδρομή is ''syndroma, -ae'' like the counterpart of Greek κόμη is ''coma, -ae''. [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Neander|disputatio]]) 16:15, 9 Maii 2018 (UTC) ::::As far as I understood the a-declension in ancient greek for singular (nom., gen., dat., acc.) is: συνδρομή, συνδρομῆς, συνδρομῇ, συνδρομήν; plural: συνδρομαί, συνδρομῶν, συνδρομαῖς, συνδρομας. Would that be correct? Further, I read, it may be possible in latin to use to form of declensions, a latinized and a greek version: ::::Latin: syndroma, -ae, -ae, -am, -ā; -ae, -ārum, -īs, -ās, -īs. ::::"Greek" forms correct?: syndromē, syndromēs ?, syndrome (/-i?), syndromen, syndromē; plural: syndromae, syndromon?, syndromīs?, sydromās, syndromīs? ::::Apud varias dissertationes inaugurales I found several forms of συνδρομή, ''f''. with ''greek'' declensions: nominativi "[https://books.google.de/books?id=L0BdAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA35&dq=dissertatio+inauguralis+syndroma&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjRpbHm3szeAhVDNOwKHetZARQQ6AEIVjAG#v=onepage&q=dissertatio%20inauguralis%20syndroma&f=false|ipsa syndrome]", accusativi "[https://books.google.de/books?id=dCsWVLZ3S7MC&pg=PA3&dq=dissertatio+inauguralis+syndromes&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjd-JDN_8zeAhUSzoUKHev8D8U4ChDoAQg1MAI#v=onepage&q=dissertatio%20inauguralis%20syndromes&f=false]syndromen", ablativi "[https://books.google.de/books?id=RhFeAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA12&dq=dissertatio+inauguralis+syndroma&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjRpbHm3szeAhVDNOwKHetZARQQ6AEIZDAI#v=onepage&q=dissertatio%20inauguralis%20syndroma&f=false|in syndrome]". Somehow it appears to me, the greek derived forms could the preferred ones. What do you think? ::::[[Usor:Andreas Raether|Andreas Raether]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andreas Raether|disputatio]]) 19:30, 11 Novembris 2018 (UTC) == à propos == It's amazing how often a chance edit of yours lays bare the fact that something deeper may be wrong with a page. I have now tagged [[Syndroma Skumin]] for deletion. On the disputatio page see my references to the repeated deletion discussions on en:wiki. And please comment, either way :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:54, 9 Maii 2018 (UTC) :A mystery! The doctor's bio in the English wiki does cite the syndrome, but with a link to the French wiki. The Russian has a suffix that seems to make the term ''Skumin's syndrome'' or ''the Skuminian syndrome.'' No more time today. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:26, 9 Maii 2018 (UTC) == Civitate Italus == Salve, Iacobe! Conlator "2A02:A03F:5050:C100:69F0:9420:F30D:545B" maluit ''civitate Italus'' &c scribere, et quidem recte; cf. Cic. de legibus 2.5 "ortu Tusculanus ... civitate Romanus". [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Neander|disputatio]]) 11:39, 15 Maii 2018 (UTC) :Ubi? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:00, 15 Maii 2018 (UTC) == US of A == Thank you very much for struggling to keep this in its proper place. I have blocked the other user. I notice that the version I restored has L-3. It's a pity that such a busy page is marked thus (though it's not the only one!) Could you possibly try to judge what might be wrong, and, if you can't put it right yourself or the problem is too general, indicate briefly on the talk page where work is needed? That would be really helpful. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:22, 7 Septembris 2018 (UTC) :No time at the moment for any major work, but my memory is that parts of the text are more or less L-1, but some sections are L-3 or worse. Maybe the average could be raised to L-2. As for the renaming of the page: I defended the lemma but thought it best to let a magistrate handle the redirects, lest I inadvertently do something to make the situation worse. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:49, 7 Septembris 2018 (UTC) ::It looks as if yours truly on 11 Iulii 2011 raised the rating from L-4 to L-3 (where it's remained ever since) but had earlier lowered it from L-2 to L-4. Clearly something to check when time becomes available! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:03, 7 Septembris 2018 (UTC) :::Thanks, that already gives useful clues. I'll have a look myself. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:39, 7 Septembris 2018 (UTC) == Mass creation == As with the Big Bang (but unfortunately Wikimedia was not functioning at that epoch, hence the mess the universe is in right now) a mass creation can be mass deleted. As soon as I saw your alert I did that. Another time, no need for you to edit them all: the single message was enough. But thanks for your tireless vigilance! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:30, 20 Septembris 2018 (UTC) :It's good news indeed that you have a reset button—as long as it's applicable globally. What if 100,000 different IP addresses more or less simultaneously added 100,000 articles each? Could that kind of attack be instantly undone too? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:06, 20 Septembris 2018 (UTC) == [[Mohamed Salah]] == I restored the text (which maybe you never saw) just in case the creator wants to emend it: otherwise "delete" will certainly be the answer. In the meanwhile, note the term "ius-winger". How would you go about explaining to Google Translate that it doesn't quite work? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:58, 6 Octobris 2018 (UTC) :The article when it came into view on my screen consisted of a blank page, which naturally wanted to be deleted. "Ius-winger" LOL. Not even "ius-alator" or "alaficator." :D [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:38, 6 Octobris 2018 (UTC) == Three templates are too many? == I suggest that adding three templates all at once, even to a highly unfinished page, is too much: it's like three punches in the nose. If the "augenda" template is attended to, "delenda" will become false; if the "augenda" template is ignored, deletion would follow. Hence, logically, use "delenda" only if the prescriptions given under "augenda" would not cure the problem. Does that work? It is, probably, impossible for unfamiliar users to create a fully satisfactory page via a mobile, but the system encourages them to try. We're mopping up the mess. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:55, 20 Octobris 2018 (UTC) :OK, now that (as chance had it) I'm about done with this basket of hiccups posing as articles! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:01, 20 Octobris 2018 (UTC) ::Wait! It might be said that the Augenda formula doesn't require the text to have a lemma. Novices need to be told precisely the kinds of changes they should make. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:05, 20 Octobris 2018 (UTC) :::I can say "wait!" too. I think I really mean, roughly two templates plus <nowiki>{{Nexus desiderati}}</nowiki>. We have to have interwiki links. But that one is a small template at the foot of the page, more like a dig in the ribs than a punch in the nose ... :::Yes, lemma is true: this user omits lemmata. We could addd that point to the "Augenda" formula. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:16, 20 Octobris 2018 (UTC) ::::It could be said to be there in the phrase "textu, qui rem definit," but novices may take the ''rem'' as being the title, rather than the (boldfaced) subject of the first sentence, so the wording of the Augenda formla might want to be more explicit. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:48, 20 Octobris 2018 (UTC) :::::I added the need for a lemma. One is compromising between the perfect and the possible: not all tirones know how to do boldface (but any subsequent editor can add boldface for them, so I didn't demand it); but then, not all tirones know what a lemma is ... Still, it may help! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:37, 20 Octobris 2018 (UTC) ::::::Macte! Sed in "cum nomine paginae congruens" melius ''congruente''? Sive quam speciose ''congruente paginae nomine'' (the model syntax in Bradley's Arnold being ''vera animi magnitudo'' 'true greatness of mind')? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:29, 20 Octobris 2018 (UTC) == [[LZ 129 Hindenburg]] == I noticed your helpful edits to this page. I changed the order of the supplementa to "Notae, Bibliographia, Nexus interni, Nexus externi" as we [[Vicipaedia:Taberna/Tabularium 18#Structura paginae|discussed]] and [[Vicipaedia:Structura paginae|fixed it in 2011]] and [[Disputatio Vicipaediae:Structura paginae#Placement of Nexus interni|confirmed it in 2016]] ... Easy to forget, I know! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:02, 21 Novembris 2018 (UTC) == [[Ricardus Simmons]] == It's maybe worth explaining, incidentally ... I see ''now'' the history of "Ricardus Simmons" with all your reverts and all your improvements, but I never saw any of them at the time when you made them because you marked them all as "minor". You're a highly trusted, highly experienced user, so I don't check your minor edits, and I don't suppose any other magistratus checks them either. That's why your capitalized appeal to sleeping MAGISTRATUS was never seen by me, nor, probably, by any magistratus, even when we woke up. By ticking the "minor" box you were saying "No one needs to look at this", and that included the edit summary. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:37, 3 Decembris 2018 (UTC) :Oh. I didn't know that. My screen shows all the minor edits, where much of the action is! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 17:27, 3 Decembris 2018 (UTC) ::And I'm very glad you do watch them. It's amazing how many undesirable small edits you catch and correct. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 19:22, 3 Decembris 2018 (UTC) :::I shouldn't have reverted you today -- Jeff Dunham's Latin was worse than I thought. This happened because I had improved it and had then carelessly reverted ''myself''. 31 December resolution: no more reverts. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:54, 31 Decembris 2018 (UTC) == [[Seleucia ad Tigrim]] == I noticed your much-needed improvements, also the move of an image to the top of the page. I moved it back again -- here's why. There was already one image at the top (a map); if we put multiple images at the top of any page, it means, on a mobile screen, you have to sweep downwards some way before you see any text at all. Half our readers, or more, are on mobiles, and many of these with short attention spans, and it's better if they see at least some text before flicking on impatiently. In fact the Wikimedia people who do the mobile design recommend ''no'' image before the first paragraph of text. Personally I think that would be pointless or counter-productive -- and an enormously laborious change on all the Wikipedias -- but ''only one'' image before the text is probably a goodish idea. As to ''which'' image should come at the top, that's quite another question, one that is well worth pondering, if we hope to catch the eyes of the same mobile readers. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:37, 5 Ianuarii 2019 (UTC) :How about putting all such files but the first immediately after the first paragraph, as I've just done with [[Petropolis (Dacota Meridiana)]]? Since we don't know how they're going to sort themselves out later, when articles will be expanding, often by a huge factor (five! ten! twenty! forty!), we might as well just put them in one place and let later graphic designers choose their best locations. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:00, 5 Ianuarii 2019 (UTC) ::For the same reason, and for general design reasons, it's surely better still to sprinkle them through: one at the head of each section or each paragraph ... Which is roughly what we normally do anyway ... A big bunch of images at any point suggests a badly designed article. If starting a stub one might add a couple of extra images that seem essential so as to have them ready when expanding, but why more? Those who come along afterwards to enlarge the article will want to choose, and will have more and different images to choose from than we have, and can look at en: and other wikis to get more ideas: to spend time choosing for them would be a waste, wouldn't it? ... But I must admit, life is short, the art of writing a Vicipaedia is long, we merely do our best :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:29, 5 Ianuarii 2019 (UTC) ::On another matter, I hope you don't disapprove of the "page-of-the-day" idea for the [[Vicipaedia:Pagina prima]]. In the nature of things, choosing among recent pages means choosing yours as well as others ... No harm in highlighting them, I feel. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:47, 5 Ianuarii 2019 (UTC) == Shorter way? == Not wishing to divert a discussion that's going on elsewhere, I comment here: ''everything else'' (as in ''Lord High Everything Else'') is crying out for use as a descriptor either of the set of humans who are potentially relevant to that association, or of the set of humans who are not potentially relevant to it. But I'm hanged if I know which. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:52, 16 Ianuarii 2019 (UTC) == Articulus == Hi. I've seen that you have recently changed an "articulus" into a "capitulum". No strong feelings about the question on my side (although according to the Pons dictionary, "capitulum" is as much late Latin as "articulus"). I just want to make sure it's all thought through, because laws also have "chapters". That particular treaty e.g. has titles which have chapters which have sections which have articles which have paragraphs. If we make that titulus-caput-sectio-capitulus-paragraphus, would that actually work (I was going to write "pars" for "section", but some laws also have "parts")? If you think that's good and there can be a consensus about it, I'm willing to follow. [[Usor:Sigur|Sigur]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Sigur|disputatio]]) 20:14, 24 Ianuarii 2019 (UTC) :Long ago (2006? 2007? 2008?), if memory serves, some reasonably skilled Latinists noticed that beginners were typically using ''articulus'' to denote articles in Vicipaedia; after discussion, the consensus was to use ''commentarius'' or ''commentariolus'' or ''commentatio'' or something like those. But as you point out, the structural hierarchies inherent in constitutions, laws, and treaties do invite multiple terms, each denoting one level, and so maybe the obvious parallels of ''articulus'' for 'article' and ''sectio'' for 'section' would be a good idea, so feel free to propose a complete list (in Taberna). For reference: Cassell's has ''caput'' and ''condicio'' for 'article' = "a clause or item in a law or agreement," and Traupman has ''caput'' for 'article' = "clause in a law" (reserving ''articulus'' for the grammatical sense of the English word). [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 20:57, 24 Ianuarii 2019 (UTC) == Condicio == Hi there. Are you sure about your change? This was supposed to be the noun going with ''condo'', not ''condico''... [[Usor:Sigur|Sigur]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Sigur|disputatio]]) 07:53, 12 Martii 2019 (UTC) :[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3Dcondicio Vide L&S II.B.] + De ''conditione,'' Cassell's ait: '(1) pickling or preserving of fruits' et '(2) a seasoning, making savoury' + Traupman ait: 'seasoning; method of preserving (''food'')'. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:51, 12 Martii 2019 (UTC) ::Thanks, but when I follow your link I don't see any definition of ''condicio'' that corresponds to what is meant. So, what is the noun then that expresses that ''Communitas '''condita''' est''. [[Usor:Sigur|Sigur]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Sigur|disputatio]]) 12:59, 12 Martii 2019 (UTC) :::What are you trying to say about it? 'Regarding the founding of the community' could be ''de communitate condita.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:37, 12 Martii 2019 (UTC) ::::Just like ''ab urbe condita'' "from the founding/foundation of the city". Sorry to intrude :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:47, 12 Martii 2019 (UTC) :::::I was hoping he'd find it himself. :/ [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:53, 12 Martii 2019 (UTC) ::::::You're a good teacher. You put it into my mind as well. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:11, 12 Martii 2019 (UTC) This (in the original languages):<br> traité instituant la Communauté (économique) européenne<br>Vertrag zur Gründung der Europäischen (Wirtschafts)gemeinschaft<br>trattato che istituisce la Comunità (Economica) Europea<br>verdrag tot oprichting van de Europese (Economische) Gemeenschap<br>So, completely different try: Foedus Communitatem (Oeconomicam) Europaeam instituens? [[Usor:Sigur|Sigur]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Sigur|disputatio]]) 14:31, 12 Martii 2019 (UTC) :Ah, I see. Iacobe, correct me if I say something silly. I think this also wants a verb form, as in Sigur's last suggestion ... but not a participle. It wants a gerundive: "Foedus ad communitatem ... instituendam". Am I on the right track? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:00, 12 Martii 2019 (UTC) ::Yes, now that we know what it was trying to say, once again we've had the same thought, though the genitive (''foedus communitatis instituendae'') may also do. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:09, 12 Martii 2019 (UTC) :::I like yours better, and it's even closer to the French example (historically the Latin gerundive actually became the French participle). The Italian method, using a relative clause, might work but would be more clumsy. Evidently Germanic languages go for nouns. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:17, 12 Martii 2019 (UTC) ::::Great. So then the Lisbon Treaty in full blossom (i.e. Treaty of Lisbon amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the European Community) becomes: ''Foedus Olisipone ictum Foedus de Unione Europaea et Foedus Communitatis Europaeae instituendae mutans''. OK? ::::And while I have you here: You're OK with "mutans" as well? Because I've translated "amending" elsewhere, I'd rather get it right. ::::Finally, because I never get enough: Could you also have a look [[Disputatio:Foedus unicum Europaeum|here]]? That would be very helpful. Thanks! [[Usor:Sigur|Sigur]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Sigur|disputatio]]) 17:09, 12 Martii 2019 (UTC) :::::''Mutans'' is usually transitive, and ''de X mutans'' makes it intransitive, and 'to amend' is ''emendare'' (or ''corrigere''). Maybe the best solution is to break it apart with a clause: ''Foedus Olisipone ictum, quod foedera Europaearum unionis communitatisque instituendae emenda(vi)t.'' That's a mouthful! Otherwise, I'm busy at the moment. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 19:31, 12 Martii 2019 (UTC) For some time when you're less busy: What it needs to be is a phrase that could have been the title of the first page of the treaty if it had been written in Latin alongside all the other language versions that exist. One thing this means IMHO is that we need to keep the titles of the two amended treaties as they are (except for inflection). There is a '"Treaty ''on'' European Union" (French: 'traité ''sur'' l'Union européenne") and a "Treaty ''establishing'' the European Community" (French: "traité ''instituant'' la Communauté européenne"). Lumping that together the way you do may sound nicer, but it seems to me too liberal a translation to be correct. And would one really use a relative clause in that way in a treaty title? It sounds weird to me, but maybe I'm just not familiar enough with Latin treaty drafting. And yes, I see they did it in Italian, so maybe... (Of course, this is only to be used once, to give the full title of the treaty, not to refer to it anywhere else.) If you think ''emendare'' is the verb of choice, I'll use it; I avoided it, because it also means "to improve" making things less neutral, but admittedly the names are given by the people who make the changes, and those will never say they make things worse... [[Usor:Sigur|Sigur]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Sigur|disputatio]]) 20:08, 12 Martii 2019 (UTC) :Thanks for your continued hospitality, Iacobe! I'm busy too, but briefly: Latin is concise, so if the translated title is shorter than in other languages, fine. I think I would have done almost exactly the same as Iacobus except that I would have put the relative clause in the passive: "... quo foedera de unione et communitate Europaea emendantur". You would certainly find other examples of Latin officialese in that style. I am putting the adjective "Europaea" in the singular, but one can argue that the plural is logical. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:07, 12 Martii 2019 (UTC) == Decadus == Hi, I've seen your changes on ''Calendarium republicanum Francicum'', and I wonder if you have a source for ''decadus, -ūs'', as you have used it. I think it would be great to mention a source there (even if not online), because it's difficult to find (at least for me...). ''Decadus'' is so close to the French ''décade'' that it would be really perfect with a source. Otherwise, I admit that my version was only a half-educated guess in the first place (coined on triduum, quadriduum and the occasional octoduum), but a three-quarter-educated guess might also be ''decemduum'' for which I've even found a source [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_G9ZBal6CIc4C/page/n297 here] (right column on page 85) . I also wonder whether there might be a decent Latin word somewhere for the ten-day period of the ancient Egyptian calendar. [[Usor:Sigur|Sigur]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Sigur|disputatio]]) 20:35, 19 Aprilis 2019 (UTC) :A few other sources for "decemduum" in recent Latin can be found, it seems to me. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:05, 19 Aprilis 2019 (UTC) ::Other than [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Vu_Thanh2/publication/6885374_Lipomyces_orientalis_sp_nov_a_yeast_species_isolated_from_soil_in_Vietnam/links/56a53bf508ae1b6511329549/Lipomyces-orientalis-sp-nov-a-yeast-species-isolated-from-soil-in-Vietnam.pdf this], on the internet, it would generally seem to be scanning errors. [[Usor:Sigur|Sigur]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Sigur|disputatio]]) 21:12, 19 Aprilis 2019 (UTC) :::For 'decade', Cassell's has ''decem anni'' (but of course that excludes nonannual decades, like sections of the rosary), Traupman has ''decas, -adis,'' f., and (again for the temporal sense) Vicipaedia has been known to use ''decennium.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 21:51, 19 Aprilis 2019 (UTC) ::::Oh, I see. It seems you had the unlikely ''decadua'' (n. pl.), which, since A and S are adjacent keys on the QWERTY keyboard, I interpreted as a typo for ''decadus'' (m. pl.) and assumed you had a source! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 21:54, 19 Aprilis 2019 (UTC) Let's continue on the relevant [[Disputatio:Calendarium republicanum Francicum|talk page]]. [[Usor:Sigur|Sigur]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Sigur|disputatio]]) 22:56, 19 Aprilis 2019 (UTC) == [[Akihitus]] == We were both nibbling at the edges of [[Akihitus]] at the same time. I hope I didn't lose anything of yours with my last saves. All yours now if you want, but I'll look at it again in about 6 hours and might add a bit more at that point. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:57, 30 Aprilis 2019 (UTC) :It's all yours! I was just tinkering idly (and not quite awake) while sipping the morning's coffee! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:28, 30 Aprilis 2019 (UTC) ==Fifty-storey building== How to describe a "fifty-storey" building? See [[Mode Gakuen Cocoon Tower]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:50, 5 Maii 2019 (UTC) :Well, Caesar speaks of a ''turris quattuor tabulatorum,'' so I'd guess ''aedificium quinquaginta tabulatorum.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:59, 5 Maii 2019 (UTC) ::Seems good. I thought you'd appreciate "L-fabula", which was the initial attempt :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:07, 5 Maii 2019 (UTC) :::Yeah, that's a scream, and the typography makes it worse: "tawā)L-fabula." Over & over we see our East Asian friends rejecting the idea that a space wants to go before & after parentheses. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:14, 5 Maii 2019 (UTC) == Heterophylophilia == I saw your <nowiki>{{dubsig}}</nowiki> [[Homophylophilia#Alii conceptus|here]]. As similar formulations occur elsewhere in the article as well, wouldn't it be worth elaborating (perhaps in the talk page there, I'm just trying to draw your attention here)? [[Usor:Sigur|Sigur]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Sigur|disputatio]]) 18:26, 17 Maii 2019 (UTC) :Perhaps, but time is not unlimited! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 19:42, 17 Maii 2019 (UTC) == Willy Brandt == Hi. You wrote: "Eodem anno, pseudonymum ''Willy Brandt'' legitime accepit." But wouldn't that mean that he legitimately acquired the pseudonym ''Willy Brandt''? Which is not what happened: He had had the pseudonym ''Willy Brandt'' since 1934, and in 1949 he made it his legal name. ("1948" was a typo of mine). [[Usor:Sigur|Sigur]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Sigur|disputatio]]) 15:38, 9 Iunii 2019 (UTC) :I was just interpreting what the original seemed to mean. ¶ In any case, both Cassell's and Traupman tell us to translate 'legal' as ''legitimus'' (not, for example, ''legalis''). [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:54, 9 Iunii 2019 (UTC) == Likely overlap? == It seems to me there's a large potential overlap between existing categories on the pattern [[:Categoria:Aegypti scripta]] and the ones you are now creating on the pattern [[:Categoria:Litterae Aegypti]]. What's your view on this? So as not to confuse others we should be clear about the difference, I think. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:42, 12 Augusti 2019 (UTC) :Yes, these will have to be sorted out someday. For 'literature', both Cassell's and Traupman give ''litterae,'' and Cassell's adds ''litterarum monumenta'' (pl.). I think of ''scripta'' (rightly or wrongly!) as being 'writings', written objects, and so that term would be fine under which to collect books, librettos, newspapers, poems, and so forth, whereas literature, as a metaphor (with a meaning that goes well beyond the mere letters of the alphabet), seems larger, including nontangible things, like concepts & techniques & prizes. (So ''scripta'' would be a subcategory of ''litterae.'') Also, we have the example of ''Litterarum humanarum doctor'' (L.H.D., Doctor of Humane Letters), where ''litterae humanae,'' the humane letters, are the humanities in general. I haven't seen anything similar with ''scripta.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:07, 13 Augusti 2019 (UTC) ::Yes, I've been putting the new "litterae" as subcategories of "scripta", but I see it makes sense the other way round. Thank you. I'll implement that right away. ::I quite agree that "Scripta" works bbest as a category for single written/printed texts. At the time those "Scripta" categories were introduced, in about 2008 (?), Vicipaedia had practically nothing else in the literary field. Recently, thank goodness, we have more, and it is largely your achievement. ::I'm happy to go ahead on that basis. It should work well. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:27, 13 Augusti 2019 (UTC) :::Cool. Now I must get back to the myrias list. I had [[Litterae Arabicae]] about ready to go last night, but lost the text to a frozen screen resulting from a presumed virus that tried (and failed) to come in when I clicked on the article's link to the ''Jerusalem Post.'' To save everybody else the trouble, that link will be disappearing from the posted article! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:50, 13 Augusti 2019 (UTC) ::::I think I've built the right structure based on the categories you had created so far: see e.g. [[:Categoria:Litterae per civitates digestae]]. Getting the interwiki links right is my next job, not all done yet. Meanwhile, no reason not to create further categories on the same pattern as [[:Categoria:Litterae Canadae]] if you want to. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:03, 13 Augusti 2019 (UTC) :::::My goodness! You've gone into overdrive, but the result is looking much better organized. Several more of those general articles among the 10,000 important pages are beckoning, and I'm doing them in the order listed. Macte! (He said, getting ready for lunch.) [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:11, 13 Augusti 2019 (UTC) === About the languages concerned === Now here's a different question. You'll notice from my first response to the page [[Litterae Britanniae]] that the introductory argumentation about which places and which languages are involved in these articles strikes an outside observer (I mean, this outside observer) as strange and slanted. A part of the introduction to [[Litterae Franciae]], now that I read it, strikes me the same way. I know, of course, that you're translating -- incidentally, that has surely been a good way to start -- so my characterization of slanted strangeness or strange slantedness applies not to your writing but to the way things get hammered out on en:wiki! So I make an offer. When you've done your initial work on the national literature pages, I could add a short paragraph, somewhere soon after the lead, saying which languages are involved and when. It would be relevant to la:wiki, of course, because it would incidentally show when and to what extent Latin is relevant; and it's an area I've done some work in. Any use? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:54, 14 Augusti 2019 (UTC) :By all means, and no need to wait, as the rules of the ten-thousand-word game prefer quantity over quality (or should we say over length), so I'm adding new articles briefly, rather than developing them fully. If time allows, I'm translating the whole introduction, usually several paragraphs (down to where the English wiki puts the table of contents and the first big subhead), but these are topics that can go on and on. :Incidentally, looking for Dewey decimal numbers for these articles shows that Dewey and his people have had trouble with a similar issue: how to handle languages and countries (or regions). For example, [[Poetae Confoederationis]] (poets of the Canadian confederacy) is '''811.409971''' = '''8''' Literature / '''81''' American & Canadian / '''811''' Poetry / '''811.4''' Later 19th century [and so on], whereas [[Litterae Canadae]] is '''819.1''' = '''8''' Literature / '''81''' American & Canadian / '''819''' American literature in English outside the USA / '''819.1''' English literature from Canada. So Canadian poetry in English is not a subset of Canadian literature in English! (And where is Canadian literature in French?) Something similar happens with [[Litterae Arabicae]] and national or regional literatures in Arabic. I haven't looked at the literature of India & Pakistan, but I'd expect the numbers to be equally problematic. :Up today: [[Litterae Sinarum|China]]. The Dewey number is '''895.1''' = '''8''' Literature / '''89''' Other languages [than American & Canadian, English, German, French, Italian, Spanish & Portuguese, Latin, Greek] / '''891''' East Asian / '''891.1''' Chinese—but "American & Canadian" isn't a language, and "Chinese" isn't a single language, and so on. The world is a slippery mess. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:21, 14 Augusti 2019 (UTC) ::Yes, that was the slippery mess that we tried to sort out just a tiny bit by having separate categories by language and by country. At that time we were the only Wikipedia doing it, but now the Germans and some others have imitated us. There are even some literature-by-language categories on en:wiki! Unluckily those people didn't know they were imitating us, so their categories have not usually been linked to ours. I find I have quite a bit of sorting out to do on Wikidata. ::Therefore, go ahead of course with creating categories like "Categoria:Litterae Iaponiae". There will always be categories like "Categoria:Iaponiae scripta" and "Categoria:Scriptores Iaponiae" which you can make into subcategories of your new one. And don't worry if there is a momentary interwiki conflict: I will get to it. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:13, 18 Augusti 2019 (UTC) :::In regard to which, one happens to notice that the English wiki has the categories "Persian literature" and "Persian-language literature," of which the latter seems analogous to those with ". . . scripta." [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:18, 18 Augusti 2019 (UTC) ::::You're right. To me, those two English categories look like duplicates: both are categorized under "Category:Literature by language". But I think I'll leave someone else to deal with that :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 19:50, 18 Augusti 2019 (UTC) == Greenberg == I noticed that you touched this new page momentarily. Would you care to improve the second paragraph? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:08, 5 Septembris 2019 (UTC) :Definitely would, but time is lacking! Oh well. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:18, 5 Septembris 2019 (UTC) ::OK, done! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:24, 5 Septembris 2019 (UTC) == Taxobox == I'm testing a new version of the plant/animal taxobox, making it look more like our newer infoboxes. You create a lot of plant and animal pages, so please, if you have a moment, look at some pages and see what you think. It's work in progress. * The main taxonomic detail seems to be working correctly. If the layout, order, font size should be improved, it'll be easy to experiment. * With the supplementary information (fossil range, conservation status, synonyms, subdivisions) a heading will certainly appear, at the foot of the box, if there is any information to display. Click on "expand". OK: the question is, having clicked on "expand", do you see anything useful? It would be good to have a note of a few pages on which the answer is No! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:35, 4 Octobris 2019 (UTC) ::Ahhh. Busy at the moment, but will check later. Note that it's sometimes useful to list intermediate groupings (superorders, subfamilies, tribes, and whatnot), so that capability needs to be retained. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:49, 4 Octobris 2019 (UTC) :::I think they are all in there -- amazing how many there are -- but do please verify. Any subdivision that is listed on our page should appear, just like the previous version. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 17:20, 4 Octobris 2019 (UTC) ::::Is (the bizarre) ''parvordo'' there? No time to check. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:09, 5 Octobris 2019 (UTC) :::::Speaking of bizarre, what do you think of the modern coinages of ''[[mortido]]'' (''-inis'') & ''[[destrudo]]'' (''-inis'') to signify the [[antonymum|antonym]] of ''[[libido]]''? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:11, 5 Octobris 2019 (UTC) ::::::I prefer not even to think about them, but thank you for the opportunity :) ::::::I have visited all the taxoboxes that have a "Fossil range" section (about 200 of them). It took me quite some time to see how the formula {{fn|Fossil range}} works. It is amazing how many different ways editors have discovered to avoid using it quite as intended (these will be editors on en:wiki: you and I, I think, have just tended to copy-and-paste what they did). But it's not really amazing, because the usage is not self-evident and very easy to get wrong. ::::::I think that all of these formulae {{fn|Fossil range}} are now consistently used: they all show a date range on the timeline diagram, though in some cases it's too brief to be visible; they all show both the date range and the first-and-last geological periods in text form, and the periods are linked to relevant articles. See for example [[Hominidae]] (it's the "palaeontologia" section of the taxobox). I decided that "Recent" is [[Recens]] (redirected to "Holocaenum"), not the many other Latin versions that we have all used. I decided that the correct case for the geological periods is the accusative of length-of-time, because the taxon concerned lived during the period concerned -- and since the period names are adjectives functioning as neuter nouns, the accusative always has the same form as our pagename, making the links so very nice and simple. I felt really happy after deciding this, so I hope you can find a way to avoid telling me it doesn't work grammatically! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:41, 7 Octobris 2019 (UTC) :::::::Happiness is always to be recommended! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 19:24, 7 Octobris 2019 (UTC) ::::::To see how to use this formula in the future -- it actually is easy when you're in the habit -- see the instruction at {{fn|Fossil range}}. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:41, 7 Octobris 2019 (UTC) :::::::A problem I see with the new taxoboxes is how they appear in the layout of the whole page: their leftmost boundary touches the rightmost letters of the main text. All other fasciculi, whether printing on the left side or the right side, are separated from the text by a space maybe two ems wide. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 19:24, 7 Octobris 2019 (UTC) :::::::: Thank you for spotting this! I have fixed the margins. Greetings, --[[Usor:UV|UV]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:UV|disputatio]]) 19:40, 7 Octobris 2019 (UTC) :::::::::Macte! It looks much better now! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 20:05, 7 Octobris 2019 (UTC) ::::::::::Yes, thank you to both, I was focusing too firmly on the box and didn't notice that it touched the text. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 20:08, 7 Octobris 2019 (UTC) == !--???-- == Looking at your latest fossil fish, I noticed a hidden message I hadn't seen before <nowiki>{{Fontes biologici}}<!--???--></nowiki> Why the three queries? Since I designed the "Fontes biologici" formula, maybe they are trying to say something to me? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:17, 8 Novembris 2019 (UTC) :Three catch more eyes than one does! At the time, IIRC, that formula was printing blankly, something like this: ::Situs scientifici: :Maybe the fontes don't appear until the system has registered an article elsewhere, giving it a Q-number, or whatever it is. Anyway, it's good to know that the formula works on new articles with no effort on the part of authors. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:54, 8 Novembris 2019 (UTC) ::Yes, you have it. It requires the link to be made at Wikidata. I know you don't do that, but once a bot has done it, the formula will work automatically. So no need for the queries -- just crossed fingers or a leap of faith :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:59, 8 Novembris 2019 (UTC) == Categories for fossils == En:wiki is anything but consistent, but its best way of timing the flourishing of extinct taxa is to give two categories, one for when they started, the other for when they stopped. So I've given us categories like that, and I have added them to your latest fish. You could do this regularly if you like. In these three cases the method gives "Categoria:Silurio nata" and "Categoria:Silurio exstincta". There is duplication (of "Silurio") here, but it's a method that anyone can easily apply, so I suggest we can live with this. I have removed the category "Fossilia" because all extinct Linnean taxa are based on fossils, so "Fossilia" is a supercategory of all the "... exstincta" categories. [PS: Well, it is now. I thought I had fixed that already, but I had forgotten, so thanks for bringing it to mind.] [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:17, 8 Novembris 2019 (UTC) :Coding is getting so complicated that an author can hardly remember all its quirks, but we plod on. You might be interested to know that in Dewey Decimal Classification, fossils are so distinctive that they get their own trinumeral, and even their own binumeral group. All fish are 597, one of the ten divisions of group 59, Animalia—except that all fish known only as fossils are 567, a division of 56, "Fossils and prehistoric life." (One wonders whether the coelacanth was allowed to change its number when it turned up alive.) You can always tell what I'm thinking a text is about by checking its Dewey number. Since that system, like any such system, is a bit leaky, the number will sometimes be a little off, or even a mistake, but it'll be apt most of the time. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:10, 8 Novembris 2019 (UTC) ::Like all former librarians, I know and love (!) those Dewey numbers ... [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:01, 8 Novembris 2019 (UTC) :::Surely it's a love–hate relationship? Someone you know tears his hair from time to time, trying to find the aptest number for a given topic. It doesn't help that some of the numbers have changed over time, and because the system is copyrighted, the most recent version generally available dates from seventysomething years ago. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 05:30, 18 Novembris 2019 (UTC) == Mons Gerardus == I am quite new to Latin, would you please correct the text of Mons Gerardus? The episcope was thrown down he hill during the revolt... [[Usor:Kapeter77|Kapeter77]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Kapeter77|disputatio]]) 08:32, 17 Novembris 2019 (UTC) ::Thank you for your help. Now I am trying to create another page via the new page translation. Can you please have a look? https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draft:_Insula_Margherita [[Usor:Kapeter77|Kapeter77]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Kapeter77|disputatio]]) 01:14, 18 Novembris 2019 (UTC) :::The text reads: "Insula Margherita est [[Insula|insula in]] [[Budapestinum]]. July XX, MMXIII ad [[ Alba XIII. perimetri|Alba XIII. regio est]] ubi, quia recta administratio est in caput Hungaria. Quidam hotels, metus partis palaestras stadia exstructa, et [[ Marcus Island Water Tower|Margareta Island Water Tower]] nisi aedificationes non non quod omnis insula est in actu ingens [[Viridarium|parco]] quidem in caput ingens parco medii aevi sacris architecturae monumenta, in memoriam propter viam ad parva lacus. Et vehiculum traffic - [[Laophorium|buses]] et [[Taxiraeda|taxis]] exceptio - Nemo, tetendit insidias in [[ Arpad uero pontem (Budapestini)|Arpad pontem]] militat accessible raedam est. In [[2011|MMXI]], secundum numerum unc Insulanus populi population est III, in tertiam et numerum mansionum." :::Sadly, that's not in Latin. It's incomprehensible. Machines haven't yet learned about conjugations & declensions. Nothing can be done about that without the expense of more time than is available. Oh well. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 05:23, 18 Novembris 2019 (UTC) ::::Hint, for example: ''insula in Budapestinum'' means 'an island into Budapest'. If you want to say 'an island in Budapest', you need the locative case (or its equivalent), something that students "quite new to Latin" aren't likely to have learned. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 05:23, 18 Novembris 2019 (UTC) == Mutual intelligibility == Salve, Iacobe. You might have a suggestion to make at [[Disputatio:Lingua Neapolitana]]. If so, please make it! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:37, 18 Novembris 2019 (UTC) == Logotypus == Hi. Personally, I have no idea, but the name of the relevant page is the neuter [[Logotypum]]... [[Usor:Sigur|Sigur]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Sigur|disputatio]]) 14:57, 5 Decembris 2019 (UTC) :The lemma was masculine, with a plausible etymology, when I wrote the article! See https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Logotypum&diff=2820099&oldid=2819462 [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:02, 5 Decembris 2019 (UTC) ::All fine with me. I'll let you fight it out with Andrew (who moved that page), if he insists. - [[Usor:Sigur|Sigur]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Sigur|disputatio]]) 17:17, 5 Decembris 2019 (UTC) :::Hadn't seen this till now. No Latin source was ever cited. It's normal in Latin to borrow technical terms from Greek, so I checked the Greek term and found it was neuter. That's fairly normal in Greek, and therefore in borrowed Latin, for a compound term based on a masculine word. If there's a strong reason why this word should be masculine in Latin, or if there's a Latin source, feel free to move again. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:48, 27 Decembris 2019 (UTC) ::::''Typus'' is masculine in Stearn's ''Botanical Latin'' and elsewhere in biological writing, but we have: [https://rateyourmusic.com/release/album/%CE%B4%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B7_%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%89%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%85/homo_logotypus/ this too.] Also, in addition to ''logotypum,'' the form ''logotypa'' can be found on the internet, sometypes neuter, sometimes feminine, and sometimes a typo for the English singular! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:57, 27 Decembris 2019 (UTC) :::::Oh, well, thanks for searching! Let's not go for the feminine .,. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:01, 27 Decembris 2019 (UTC) == Nontrinitarianismus == Salve, Iacobe! Habesne fontem verbo [[:Categoria:Nontrinitarianismus|nontrinitarianismus]] (vel fortasse ''atrinitar(ian)ismus'')? Verbum ''antitrinitarismus'' inveni ([https://books.google.com/books?id=9y9AAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA122&dq=Antitrinitarismum hic] et [https://books.google.com/books?id=m1AxAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA3&dq=antitrinitarismi hic]), sed nec ''nontrinitarianismus'' nec ''nontrinitarismus''. [[Usor:Sigur|Sigur]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Sigur|disputatio]]) 22:49, 26 Decembris 2019 (UTC) == Wikidata == Hi there. Is there a a reason why you manually link your new pages to the English Wikipedia, instead of linking them to Wikidata? I don't see the point, but maybe I'm missing something here... [[Usor:Sigur|Sigur]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Sigur|disputatio]]) 21:37, 13 Ianuarii 2020 (UTC) :Doing this shortens the labour of creating any new page on a plant or animal. I save my first version of the page, I link it immediately at Wikidata, and then I use the sources that come up in <nowiki>{{Fontes biologici}}</nowiki> to verify the name and sometimes suggest a correction or an additional citation. Worth a try! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:05, 15 Februarii 2020 (UTC) == Andreas Chenier == I was working on this at the same time. Perforce I overwrote your edits, but I'll now go back and incorporate them. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:10, 13 Februarii 2020 (UTC) :I did so, with minor variations. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:35, 13 Februarii 2020 (UTC) == Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj == Just in case he is next on your list: You will find him as "Muslim Nisaburensis" [https://books.google.com/books?id=4XhFAAAAcAAJ&pg=RA1-PA410&dq=nisaburensis here]; and the form "Muslimus" for the name "Muslim" also occurs (e.g. [https://books.google.com/books?hl=de&id=vGY-AAAAYAAJ&dq=muslimus&q=muslimus#v=snippet&q=muslimus&f=false here]). [[Usor:Sigur|Sigur]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Sigur|disputatio]]) 22:15, 12 Martii 2020 (UTC) :Thanks for the tip! Indeed, his name could be coming up in about ten days. You may not have noticed that I'm contributing articles on a ten-day cycle, adapted to what's conventionally called the Dewey Decimal System. :) [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 02:38, 13 Martii 2020 (UTC) ::I like to look at your new pages, but I'm evidently no codebreaker: I hadn't guessed that system. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:53, 13 Martii 2020 (UTC) :::I'm no codebreaker either. In fact, until today, I knew very exactly nothing at all about the Dewey Decimal System. I just had had a look [[Vicipaedia:Paginae quas omnibus Wikipediis contineri oportet/Expansio/Homines#Religiones "Abrahamicae" dictae|here]] and realised what his last activities on that list had been. [[Usor:Sigur|Sigur]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Sigur|disputatio]]) 13:43, 13 Martii 2020 (UTC) ::::Cycling through the Dewey numbers began by accident in December. It can be discerned in the fourth column from the left in the table showing progress [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usor:IacobusAmor/100wikidays(3) in the current 100-day challenge]. It's getting hard to maintain. No guarantees that it'll continue! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:55, 13 Martii 2020 (UTC) == [[Ioannes Petrus Thiollet]] == You may have noticed that an anonymous editor, either [[Ioannes Petrus Thiollet|the above in person]] or his best friend, has been spamming references to him with increasing enthusiasm, mostly in articles about music. Anonymity in such cases usually suggests a conflict of interest. I have just removed most of those references. I would trust your judgment on this: if you feel that any of my edits over the last hour should be reverted, because the references I deleted are really useful, please revert me! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:05, 23 Martii 2020 (UTC) :That's fine. We hardly need someone's recent memoirs as a source for the fact that Dinu Lipatti was a pianist! Whose birthname, btw, according to Wikipedia, was ''Constantin''[''us''], and ''Dinu'' is a nickname. How should Vicipaedia handle that? There may still be no consensus about how to specify brithnames, nicknames, pen names, stage names, and the like. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:11, 23 Martii 2020 (UTC) ::Evidently the creator of this page wasn't aware of the etymology (nor was I). Our normal practice is to resolve abbreviated forenames into the Latin version of the real or official name that they represent. If the abbreviated forename doesn't correspond to the subject's real or official name, then I don't think we have a rule: we sort of do what comes naturally :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:45, 3 Aprilis 2020 (UTC) == [[Linguae Malayo-Polynesiae]] == Hi, Iacobe. Notice the deletion on this page by [[:en:User:Austronesier]] (a serious contributor at en:). It's up to you, I don't know the background, but you might want to reinstate the deleted text? or invite Austronesier to discuss? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:26, 26 Martii 2020 (UTC) :Thanks. I saw it but had other things to do. The contributor said the big paragraph that he deleted was obsolete, but that doesn't make it any less a fact if the cited scholar did write what the text said he wrote. It'd be helpful for someone to import the newer taxonomy, but that's not on my to-do list at the moment. Must hasten to add today's article from the myrias list: [[Machina quaesitoria]]. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 21:39, 26 Martii 2020 (UTC) == [[Muslim Nisaburensis]] == Hi, Iacobe. It would have been helpful to add a link to the article, even the page, where this Latin name was found! In this case I've now followed your tracks (ah, I see that we were both following Sigur's tracks) and I've added the links myself. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:16, 29 Martii 2020 (UTC) :A link (the one found by Sigur) was captured in the first draft, but while phrases were being moved around and footnotes inserted, it took the opportunity to escape! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:29, 29 Martii 2020 (UTC) ::Of course, I understand now! That happens to me as well ... [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:15, 29 Martii 2020 (UTC) == Lets stop our "full stop war"! == Salve Iacobe! Laborem, quem in Vicipaedia Latina ex decenniis demonstravisti, maxime admiro. Propono autem, ut bellum nostrum "calidum" de punctis in fine subscriptionum addendis an non addendos finiremus. Video duas solutiones: Aut disputationem a me olim in Taberna incohatam (vide [[Vicipaedia:Taberna/Tabularium 25#Num oportet omnes subscriptiones puncto concludere?]]) ad consensum ferremus aut uterque nostri altero propriam consuetudinem in punctis addendis respective sinendis concedet. Quid est opinio tua? [[Usor:Bis-Taurinus|Bis-Taurinus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Bis-Taurinus|disputatio]]) 01:09, 8 Aprilis 2020 (UTC) : Disputavimus etiam hic: [[Vicipaedia:Taberna/Tabularium 27#Punctum an non?]]. Ut valeatis optime! --[[Usor:UV|UV]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:UV|disputatio]]) 19:21, 8 Aprilis 2020 (UTC) == Constantinopolis article == Hello. [[Constantinopolis]] does not have a truly and solely mediterranean climate. That is incorrect. It has a transitional climate of three climate types: the [[:en:oceanic climate|oceanic climate]], the [[:en:humid subtropical climate|humid subtropical climate]] and the [[:en:mediterranean climate|mediterranean climate]]. Please see the climate section of [[:en:Istanbul#Geography|Istanbul]] and of other Istanbul articles in Wikipedia. Please correct this by using the sources in the Istanbul articles. Yours sincerely, [[Specialis:Conlationes/31.200.14.219|31.200.14.219]] 16:10, 19 Aprilis 2020 (UTC) :The English wikipedia, by far the product of the most human calculating brainpower (and therefore worthy of respect), says: "In the Köppen–Geiger classification system, Istanbul has a borderline Mediterranean climate (''Csa''), humid subtropical climate (''Cfa'') and oceanic climate (''Cfb''), due to its location in a transitional climatic zone." If you want to translate that entire explanation (and the omitted matter that follows), by all means go ahead! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 17:14, 19 Aprilis 2020 (UTC) ::Hello. ::I requested the correction from you, because you know Latin, and I don't. I only partially understand it. As it stands, it is wrong. Trying to correct it myself was wrong and it backfired. Sorry. Can you send me a reply. Certainly, I do have a right to alert and ask users like yourself for a correction, when something is incorrect or partially incorrect. There are not many Latin speakers around. Can you correct this? Can you improve this rudimentary and grammatically wrong text I typed "[[Clima]] Constantinopolitanum est inter [[Clima subtropicum humidum|subtropicum humidum]], [[temperatum]] [[Clima oceanicum|oceanicum]] et [[Clima mediterraneum|mediterraneum]] per [[enumeratio climatum Köppen–Geiger|enumerationem Köppen–Geiger]]" and perhaps slightly expand it, and add it in the article?[[Specialis:Conlationes/31.200.14.219|31.200.14.219]] 21:54, 19 Aprilis 2020 (UTC) :Users are all individuals and have their own priorities and their own work to do. Anyway, you have now asked me too, and I'll look at this later today :Checking the history, I see that Iacobus has already made some changes. Thanks, Iacobe! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:02, 20 Aprilis 2020 (UTC) ::One of those changes is what the unnamed person is objecting to, but don't worry: in the absence of time to translate the whole passage, I can add an adverb that'll make the false word 100% true! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:29, 20 Aprilis 2020 (UTC) :::Ha! I see you've already made almost the same quick fix I'd have made! (I'd have merely added ''partim.'') Ha! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:33, 20 Aprilis 2020 (UTC) ::::I did that before I'd even glanced at the history. And even then I didn't study who first said what when. The latest episodes seem to prove that unlike the world in general, unlike the political condition of most of the countries we know, Vicipaedia is fated to improve slightly from day to day, whoever happens to be editing. Let's hold to that. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 17:08, 20 Aprilis 2020 (UTC) :::::Thank you very much for the corrections. (Trivia: Until the 1990s, Istanbul indeed had only a mediterranean climate, and the annual precipitation in 1959 was 1/3 less (as dry as London is today)! According to projections, in the near future, most coastal areas of Turkey will only have a humid subtropical climate with much wetter summers and much drier winters (also in the rest of the country), which is already happening.) [[Specialis:Conlationes/31.200.14.219|31.200.14.219]] 18:28, 22 Aprilis 2020 (UTC) == [[Disputatio:Forum Iulii-Venetia Iulia]] == Salve! Paginam "Forum Iulii-Venetia Iulia" tu inter alios edidisti. De nomine huius paginae s.t.p. placita tua adde. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:58, 11 Iunii 2020 (UTC) ==Litteræ vel litterae?== Salve! Ego nova in Vicipædia sum et linguam Latinam non bene scio, sed nonnihil scripsi ut alii textos corrigere possunt. Visi, post divulgationem texti, quod in Vicipædia litteras Æ et Œ non scribere debeturia sum. Quidni? Gratias ago si mihi respondere potes, nam scire volo!--[[Usor:Вѣра Павловна Розалскаяа|Вѣра Павловна Розалскаяа]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Вѣра Павловна Розалскаяа|disputatio]]) 20:37, 12 Iunii 2020 (UTC) == Uncreated categories == I've been tidying up uncreated categories. I noticed you put a lot of uncreated categories about swimming in [[Michael Fred Phelps]] and [[Marcus Spitz]]. They'd been there for some months, but if you were just about to create them, feel free to revert my latest edits and go ahead. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 19:18, 26 Iunii 2020 (UTC) ==Woohoo!== Woohoo! Yesterday was the last day of a whole year in which I added at least one new article from the Myrias list every day. See [[Usor:IacobusAmor/100wikidays(4)]]. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 20:30, 3 Iulii 2020 (UTC) : Wow, nearly incredible! Congratulations! --[[Usor:UV|UV]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:UV|disputatio]]) 21:27, 3 Iulii 2020 (UTC) ::I could see you were working on this, but I didn't see that you were adding a Myrias page every day. I think it's almost incredible too! But, in spite of that, I believe it! A great achievement [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:48, 4 Iulii 2020 (UTC) :::Wait! a small miscalculation has occurred! The first century did begin on 3 July 2019 (so "a whole year in which I added at least one new article every day" remains true), but the unbroken Myrias series began on 3 August—so it appears we'll having more birds, and then possibly more mammals, before we reach the Myrias milestone. Also, a slight error may have occurred on one day in 2019, so a recheck is necessary. The articles in question are documented in four sortable tables: [[Usor:IacobusAmor/100wikidays(1)|(1)]], [[Usor:IacobusAmor/100wikidays(2)|(2)]], [[Usor:IacobusAmor/100wikidays(3)|(3)]], [[Usor:IacobusAmor/100wikidays(4)|(4)]]. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:00, 4 Iulii 2020 (UTC) ::::Unless I've miscounted, the tables show that the number of articles—Myrias + "ordinary" texts (but not categories, redirects, & such)—added in the year starting on 3 July 2019 was 564, averaging 1.54 a day. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:17, 4 Iulii 2020 (UTC) == Birds == The general system I've been following, which we discussed elsewhere recently, means that I have now merged "Categoria:Genera avium" into [[:Categoria:Genera animalium]] and "Categoria:Familiae avium" into [[:Categoria:Familiae animalium]]. I know you like the ''Aves'', so I want to assure you that nothing is lost. From the categories as they now stand you (and anyone) will easily be able to get a list of "genera of birds" or any other combination of taxon level + classification node. When I've finished I'll ask UVbot to help me provide a link for this on relevant category pages -- but if you want to know right away, just ask and I'll show you how to do it. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:32, 4 Iulii 2020 (UTC) :Maybe in a month or two (after the birds, I'll be checking the mammals), a kind programmer will finish the job by automatically making a list of articles that contain a taxobox but not the category "[X] animalium" or "[X] plantarum" or "[X] fungorum" (where ''X'' is a taxonomic level). [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:28, 15 Iulii 2020 (UTC) ::Sorry, didn't see this reply till now. I believe I have done all the plants already. At the same time I have been doing the bare minimum with each page to ensure that it has a taxobox (some don't) and that it is sourced -- simply by adding <nowiki>{{Fontes biologici}}</nowiki>. This gets even the shortest of them two-thirds of the way to being a stipula. There are only a few fungi and bacteria and they may already be done, I don't recall offhand. I was saving the animals for a bit ... But anything in that area that you want to do, don't let me stop you!! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:04, 26 Iulii 2020 (UTC) ::I hope UV is all right, by the way. Not active recently. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:18, 26 Iulii 2020 (UTC) == [[Loxodonta africana]] == Hi, Iacobe. You added some categories to this page and hid them. I must say I've never known why you add hidden categories to the pages you create, and I delete them when I see them (mentioning it to you if it seems possible you're still working on the page): but why on earth add them to a page someone else created? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:09, 6 Iulii 2020 (UTC) :Um, pour encourager les autres? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:03, 15 Iulii 2020 (UTC) Amice Iacobe, I feel I've been discouraging hidden text in discussion with you for something close to a decade, and removing your hidden text on sight (with warning summaries) for several years. Feel free to check if this is exact. It doesn't seem to have discouraged you. Other Wikipedians, in general and on Vicipaedia, don't do it, so far as I can see. :They do it a great deal in the English wiki, but in consideration of your disapproval of it, I've often suppressed it when translating articles from there. ¶ Why, in the past week or so, I suppressed "<nowiki><!--Linked page allows download of the 48MB pdf--></nowiki>" in "[[Columbidae]]" and "[[Picidae]]" and "[[Procellariidae]]" and probably elsewhere (for a certain oft-cited source). ¶ I've suppressed "<nowiki><!--Whole paragraph cited--></nowiki>" and "<nowiki><!--cotylae mediales & laterales--></nowiki>" and "<nowiki><!-- AmMusNovit2400. Condor54:174. --></nowiki> and several similar bibliographic references in "[[Picidae]]." ¶ I've suppressed <nowiki>"<!-- cites previous two sentences -->" (five times!) and "<!-- cites previous 3 sentences -->" (twice!) and "<!-- cites previous 3.5 sentences -->" and "<!-- cites previous 4 sentences -->" and "<!-- {{cite journal | last1=Kennedy | first1=Martyn | last2=Spencer | first2=Hamish G. | year=2004 | title=Phylogenies of the frigatebirds (Fregatidae) and tropicbirds (Phaethonidae), two divergent groups of the traditional order Pelecaniformes, inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume=31 | issue=1 | pages=31–38 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2003.07.007 | pmid=15019606}} -->"</nowiki>—all in "[[Fregatidae]]"! ¶ An example of hidden text that I've never, in years & years, imported from the English wiki—and which occurs with surprising frequency in taxonomic articles—is the announcement that a category, and sometimes a whole article, has been generated by a bot. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:03, 15 Iulii 2020 (UTC) So I'll tell you the way other Wikipedians solve the main problems that you try to solve with hidden text. :#You think the Latin word you're marking is a wrong choice, and you're pretty sure of a better choice. In this case, others correct the Latin word. :#You aren't sure of the best Latin word, but you think there may be a better one lurking. Others make two choices. Better than adding a <nowiki>{{Dubsig}}</nowiki> (that is a legitimate ploy, but can serve as an irritation) is to say on the talk page, visible to all, what you believe to be wrong, mentioning any solution you have in mind. :#There's more to be said, currently visible on en:wiki, but you haven't time to add it. Happens all the time. If it's your translation, you are already acknowledging en:wiki on the talk page. It's on the talk page that you should add this fact and date it. :#There are notes, references and formulas that don't work. If you consider them essential, and can't make them work yourself, say it on the talk page. If you consider them non-essential, leave them out. :#You have too many lovely images. Choose. Add the best, visibly. Leave the rest out. Later editors will have a bigger selection to choose from. :#There are categories that don't work. Here you have three choices. If you consider them essential, create them and have a go at populating them. If you aren't so sure, find a supercategory that would work for the time being. It's very easy and fast to test category ideas if you have HotCat turned on (Preferences -- Gadgets.) For example, if [[:Categoria:Mammalia Angoliae]] doesn't exist, and you don't have 5 minutes to create and populate it, try [[:Categoria:Biota Angoliae]]. It does. With HotCat you can look at its subcategories as well: there might be a suitable one. Less than 1 minute to do all that, I reckon. Leave the remaining categories out. :Hiding categories and notes-about-categories in Latin is bad, because anyone who adds or removes categories afterwards, using HotCat, doesn't see your little deposits, and they might remain there till the end of Wikimedia. Hiding other text in Latin is bad too, and hiding text in English is of course worse. Potential editors won't see hidden text; many active editors won't see it in the way that you do; especially if the formatting is at all complicated, the next save may result in the hiding of a large stretch of good text. :If there are other problems that you try to solve with hidden text and I haven't yet thought of, please tell me! And if any other Vicipaedian thinks I'm being unreasonable, or has better solutions, do join in. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:28, 10 Iulii 2020 (UTC) ::OK, let's do away with all hidden text altogether. People will ignore it anyway, as when my helpful "<nowiki>[[fictilia elegantia]]<!--porcelain (Traupman)--></nowiki>" was changed to the redlink "[[porcellana]]" (as if the attestation must be disregarded). And likewise "<nowiki>{{dubsig}}</nowiki>" doesn't always elicit desired improvements, as my "[[ebur|ebore]], [[silex|silice]], ''[[slate]]''<nowiki>{{dubsig}}</nowiki>, [[lignum|lignoque]]" has recently become "[[ebur|ebore]], [[silex|silice]], quadra lapidea, [[lignum|lignoque]]," even though in the series of raw materials, "quadra lapidea" looks wrong as a translation of a substance (not a geometrical shape) defined by Wikipedia as "a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade regional metamorphism." [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:03, 15 Iulii 2020 (UTC) ::I must admit that you look at English wiki pages through the edit window far more than I do, these days, and for the best reasons. Of course I accept what you say. But even such messages date rapidly (48 MB? a couple of minutes or less). ::It may be that uses of hidden text such as <nowiki><!-- Bot-generated text --></nowiki> are the oldest type. Since you aren't a bot, I didn't have them in mind above. But in general, yes, it would be good to test if we can manage without. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:26, 15 Iulii 2020 (UTC) :::: I'm sorry, Iacobe, for having given an inadequate rendition of ''slate''. Having no inkling of its technical side, I had to conjure up something that might more or less fit into the context. For a non-native, ''slate'' looks like a wildly polysemous everyday word. Now that I had reason to look it up in the English wiki, I picked up Spanish in the language links, and ''pizarro'' in del Col: ''ardesia'' and ''lapis sectilis''. Then, I kinda finished your job by replacing my feeble rendition by ''ardesia''. Maybe ''lapis sectilis'' is better, I do not know. I agree with Andrew (point 2 above) that it's better to discuss these matters in the talk page. [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Neander|disputatio]]) 10:20, 16 Iulii 2020 (UTC) ::::: On the slate question, I had a look at some of the sources and threw together [[Ardesia]], if anyone wants to take a look at it and add/change things. [[Usor:Lesgles|Lesgles]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Lesgles|disputatio]]) 17:02, 16 Iulii 2020 (UTC) :::::: Macte, Lesgles! [[Usor:Neander|Neander]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Neander|disputatio]]) 20:52, 16 Iulii 2020 (UTC) ==Disorder in the left column== And here I waffle about hidden policy, and meanwhile they've suddenly given me a list of other language articles, in the left column of each article, arranged in an order that makes no earthly sense. Is it the same for you? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 19:13, 10 Iulii 2020 (UTC) :Yes, for several days the order has been peculiar—quite a jumble, though not exactly random. Someone should report it to the authorities. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:03, 15 Iulii 2020 (UTC) ::I did report it, as did others from all over the wikiworld. They are all buzzing about it, and can't yet solve it. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:33, 15 Iulii 2020 (UTC) :::They continued to buzz around this for a long time, but it appears that they have now fixed it, thank goodness. :::Enjoy your mammals. My current project, one to which I often return, is foods and gastronomy. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:50, 28 Iulii 2020 (UTC) ::::Yes, I noticed when disorder in the left column ended. ¶ The categorization of the mammals, as I found it a few days ago, left a lot to be desired—but then so does their categorization in the English wiki, which (for reasons that aren't immediately apparent) at the higher-order levels uses a system somewhat different from its practice with other animals. I think we should make our mammalian categories conform with the rest of our zoological ones, even if (and though) they don't have links to the English wiki. Part of our problem was that we didn't have articles on some of the most important topics, but that's changing, as they've been sitting unloved for years among the certified myriads but are now at the top of my list of things to do. Up today: the baboons! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:45, 14 Augusti 2020 (UTC) ==Collatores inscii== Iacobe, noting your five nice, polite, old-fashioned letters to Vilho-Veli at [[Disputatio:Puls]], [[Disputatio:Leonardus Peikoff]], [[Disputatio:Carolus Rahner]], [[Disputatio:Quercus]], [[Disputatio:Hippolytus Taine]], I'd say it would be more effective to say it all in one at [[Disputatio Usoris:Vilho-Veli]]. You probably didn't foresee how many there were going to be. If you do that now, please greet Vilho-Veli at the same time, with the usual <nowiki>{{Salve}}</nowiki> template. No one's done so yet. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 19:20, 14 Iulii 2020 (UTC) :No, we didn't foresee that, and other additions by the same party remain to be checked. Likewise, as we discovered just this morning, additions by a certain Tarih. Why people (let's assume they're people, and not bots) think it helpful to add words in the wrong language is a mystery. That their efforts deserve welcoming isn't necessarily an established fact. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:51, 15 Iulii 2020 (UTC) ::Oh, I agree. One of many such "facts". Only wanted to save your time really. Maybe, after weighing up the overall contributions of VV, Tarih and any other such, they are better discouraged. If similar unhelpful edits continue after your messages, I can warn and block. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:57, 15 Iulii 2020 (UTC) :::They now seem mainly to be adding images. They may not be doing it very well, but currently the contributions appear to me positive rather than negative :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:58, 12 Augusti 2020 (UTC) :::Sorry to monopolize your talk page -- I'll go quiet after this. I understand a bit more now. These people are going in for one of those wiki competitions, apparently decribed at #WPWPTR #WPWP (which means nothing to me). This one is about "improving" Wiki articles, in all the languages of Eve, by adding pictures to them. My advice for what it's worth (I will do this myself) :::# If they added a portrait to a bio page that didn't have one, try the effect of replacing their addition with <nowiki>{{Capsa hominis Vicidata}}</nowiki>. If that doesn't help -- :::# Simply revert any of their edits you happen to notice that is unhelpful, with a quick summary such as "inutile". [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:36, 14 Augusti 2020 (UTC)<br> Thanks for the advice. Fortunately, these little surprises don't happen often, and they're not all bad. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:32, 14 Augusti 2020 (UTC) == Fish == Rather a nice coincidence that you should have described ''[[Ctenopharyngodon idella]]'' just two months ago and now I find myself describing [[Shuizhu yu|one way to cook it]]. I wish it well in the wild, needless to say. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:55, 31 Iulii 2020 (UTC) :It must be a popular fish, as it's on the Myrias list! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:32, 14 Augusti 2020 (UTC) == Orsay == Forgive me for moving your comment about the name of the museum to [[Disputatio:Museum Orsay]]. You may be right, who knows? but I felt the issue might become a distraction at [[Disputatio Vicipaediae:Pagina mensis]]. As to that, please do add further comments for or against the listed pages, and above all please feel free to add pages of your own or others you have noticed. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:55, 12 Augusti 2020 (UTC) :No answer yet from the curator at the Quai Branly. As you know, Europe goes on holiday in August. All the better, though, to watch the Tour de France, which has been postponed to the end of the month. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:32, 14 Augusti 2020 (UTC) == Donkeys == You've created [[Equus africanus asinus]] which seems to be about the same topic as the existing [[Equus asinus]]. Surely it would have been better to move the existing page to the newly correct name, and then expand it? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:21, 12 Augusti 2020 (UTC) :I've been working from the Myrias list, where "''[[Equus asinus]]''" wasn't a registered article (indeed, it has links only to a a few minor wikis), but my initial thought (when discovering its existence, well into the process) was to leave it in case there might be some value in recording the history of the name, for which purpose a brief article to that effect is conceivable: "''Equus asinus'' was the name of mammals blablabla, erected as a species by [zoologist] in [year], which [official body, international consensus, whatever] in [year] made a subspecies of ''Equus africanus'' on the basis of blablabla, though investigators X and Y are still unpersuaded blablabla, as shown in their article blablabla." That sort of thing. Rather than work that problem out, I'd rather spend my time adding new articles from the Myrias list. We have about <small>THREE THOUSAND</small> to go! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:32, 14 Augusti 2020 (UTC) ::A pertinent fact: the English wiki does have articles like this; see [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Obsolete_mammal_taxa Category:Obsolete mammal taxa.] [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:59, 14 Augusti 2020 (UTC) :::Yes, I guessed after writing the above that because of the interwikis you might not have even discovered [[Equus asinus]] till too late. That's very bad luck, owed to someone's odd decision at Wikidata. It's true, one could have an obsolete taxa category, but in most cases, I would say, it would be more helpful to put all the information we have at the current taxon (and move it whenever those taxonomists change their minds). [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:01, 14 Augusti 2020 (UTC) ==Small in the taxobox== IIRC, the old taxobox formerly printed small the name & year specified on the "....._authority" line, but now we have to type it in. Is memory playing tricks here? Was it decided that small wasn't desirable? or was the elimination of that feature an accidental byproduct (which nobody has complained about)? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:32, 14 Augusti 2020 (UTC) :Better not key in <nowiki><small></small></nowiki>, because, when we decide, we will want the decision to apply to every case. I didn't make this line small-font only because the font is now a bit smaller throughout the infobox and I didn't know whether even smaller was desirable here. If we agree that it is, I can very easily make it so. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:01, 14 Augusti 2020 (UTC) ::Yesterday in "[[Cercopithecidae]]" (as previously in other articles), I'd keyed it in, albeit without the correct "....._authority" introduction, which I've just now fixed. I like the smallness of it. Couldn't a program include (in if-then codespeak, of course) the provision that "if a small command isn't already in the text, print it small"? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 18:41, 14 Augusti 2020 (UTC) :::There's a difference between what the code might be able to do and what I can make it do! I'm not so very clever. But in any case there's a better way. We decide the formatting (remembering also the need for italics for genus and species ... and anything else we think of), change the template to suit us perfectly, and then ask a bot to strip out unnecessary formatting from all existing cases. That way, anyone in the future will be able to use the template, confident that the formatting will be correctly applied. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:26, 17 Augusti 2020 (UTC) ::::I guess I was waiting in case you had a further comment, but, if not, I will now make the authority lines uniformly small. OK? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:40, 20 Octobris 2020 (UTC) :::::OK! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:49, 20 Octobris 2020 (UTC) ::::::Finally I've done it. I wasn't looking forward to it because the design necessitated a large number of manual edits in this case and it's easy to get any one of them a tiny bit wrong! I think it's OK but please tell me if you notice any apparent errors. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:55, 9 Novembris 2020 (UTC) == [[Sinus Bengalensis]] == I moved to this because the name is directly confirmed in several sources. It also happens to agree with the current name [[Bengala]] of the article about the region. I didn't (yet) find any confirmation of "Sinus Bengaliensis", but in any case the footnote giving evidence of that spelling for the adjective is useful and remains in place. I hope that's OK. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:37, 20 Octobris 2020 (UTC) :That's fine. Today's question is what to do with the Beaufort Sea. The word ''beaufort'' might reflect something like ''bel(li)forte,'' but words having that shape are hardly abounding on the internet, and certainly not for so-named sea. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:49, 20 Octobris 2020 (UTC) ::I doubt if there is a direct Latin source for this one. ''[[Sabellaria vulgaris beaufortensis]]'' and ''[[Cosmiodiscus beaufortianus]]'' and ''[[Amphora beaufortiana]]'' and ''[[Mastogloia beaufortiana]]'' were all named after the marine research station at Beaufort (North Carolina): no good. The ''Beaufortenses'' seem to come from there too ... You've probably checked all this yourself. We might have to start out with "Mare Beaufort". Sorry. ::But why does the sea have this name? Ah, Britannica says "It is named for the British rear admiral Sir Francis Beaufort", a fact that en:wiki omits. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:38, 20 Octobris 2020 (UTC) ::::My response here seems to have disappeared; maybe an edit conflict. Anyway, no time now. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 17:02, 20 Octobris 2020 (UTC) :::Wait! As you sometimes say :) Note the article title "[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336540944_Mantoniella_beaufortii_and_Mantoniella_baffinensis_sp_nov_Mamiellales_Mamiellophyceae_two_new_green_algal_species_from_the_high_arctic Mantoniella beaufortii and Mantoniella baffinensis sp. nov. (Mamiellales, Mamiellophyceae), two new green algal species from the high arctic]". If the Beaufort Sea isn't the high Arctic I don't know what is! So you could go for [[Mare Beaufortii]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:55, 20 Octobris 2020 (UTC) == [[Disputatio Categoriae:Operae]] == Last chance to comment on the best name for this category! As things stand, it's about to be moved. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:54, 1 Novembris 2020 (UTC) :Thanks for the heads-up. No good solution comes to mind, other than to leave well enough alone. Rushing, time being short. . . . [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 21:20, 1 Novembris 2020 (UTC) == [[Kamala Harris]] == Thanks for your edits there. Looking at it again, I had made a big mistake: I quibble only with the cure you prescribed. I had put her in the Vice-Presidents category. She isn't in that category yet, and if (e.g.) the world comes to an end before January or certain proposed lawsuits succeed (I'm putting this in order of probability) she never will be. So I've deleted that category now. On the other hand, inserting the navbox, i.e. the list of vice-presidents, on her page is (I think) useful already -- e.g. it would help a reader to verify that she is the first woman on the list -- and the list correctly adds the term "futura" against her name (one could make it "electa" or some other caveat, I don't know: it's freely editable); so I restored the navbox. I hope you would agree? She is also the first of non-U.S. parentage on both sides: is that true? I think it is. I say on both sides because John Adams (for example) had a British father. If that claim about her is correct, one might try to think of a neat Latin phrase to assert it ... [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:58, 9 Novembris 2020 (UTC) :Yes, she's the first VP whose parents were immigrants. (A TV announcer said it, so you know it must be true.) Her mother was an immigrant from India, and her father was an immigrant from Jamaica. Like most African-Americans, she has European ancestors, one of whom was allegedly [[:en:Hamilton Brown|Hamilton Brown]], a Scots-Irish slave-trader from County Antrim, Ireland. A brief search via Google isn't revealing the town of his birth, but he had business connections with Ballymoney, so that may be it. (Which would be amusing, since two great-great-great-great-great-grandparents of someone you know emigrated from there to New England in 1730, as did President William McKinley's great-grandparents in 1743.) Also, Kamala Harris may be the first VP whose parents—both of them!—were doctors of philosophy and university professors. If it's true that she attended a French-speaking primary school in Quebec, she probably has at least a passing acquaintance with French. She brings a lot to the table, as people might say. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:20, 9 Novembris 2020 (UTC) ::As to the formulas, the point was merely to highlight a technicality. Biden isn't even a president elect, and Harris isn't even a vice-president elect, except in popular parlance. The purpose of the election last Tuesday was to elect the electors; they, in turn, will be voting on "the Monday after the second Wednesday in December" (says the law), and the votes will be counted by the Congress on 6 January 2021, when we'll at last have a constitutionally certified president elect and vice president elect. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:44, 9 Novembris 2020 (UTC) :::That's a fair point. No one-word expression will get this exactly right. In the navboxes I tend to use "nominatus" if no election is involved, "futurus" if some kind of election or selection procedure has taken place ... allowing myself to gloss over the fact that the future is more uncertain than is the word "futurus"! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:08, 9 Novembris 2020 (UTC) ::::We also have ''exspectatus.'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:14, 9 Novembris 2020 (UTC) :::::I never thought of that. Yes, a good idea. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:27, 9 Novembris 2020 (UTC) == [[Abiogenesis]] == Salve Iacobe, in hac pagina, quam nuper redigisti, patet error quidam citationis. Potesne illum corrigere? [[Usor:Bis-Taurinus|Bis-Taurinus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Bis-Taurinus|disputatio]]) 23:01, 13 Novembris 2020 (UTC) :Dictum factum! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:30, 15 Novembris 2020 (UTC) == Gratias ... == ... sicut saepissime, tibi ago propter paginas heri Russice additas rubricationem. Delevi. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:35, 15 Novembris 2020 (UTC) :Salve Iacobe, [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andreae]] in gratias habendas libenter succedo: tibi etiam ego gratias ago. Aliquid pueriliter deletioni tarditatem attuli. [[Usor:Andreas Raether|Andreas Raether]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andreas Raether|disputatio]]) 10:04, 15 Novembris 2020 (UTC) == Ioannes Petrus Thiollet == Ioannes Petrus Thiollet page deletionem dolendum videtur fuisse error vester. Vide Viaf.org.--[[Specialis:Conlationes/2001:861:4981:4510:50AE:9FAD:C34E:4CCC|2001:861:4981:4510:50AE:9FAD:C34E:4CCC]] 14:02, 22 Ianuarii 2021 (UTC) :Magistratus non sum. Paginas delere non possum. Ergo erratum (si erratum videbatur) meum non erat. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:21, 22 Ianuarii 2021 (UTC) == Sexing carrots == You might scarcely notice, but I responded (very late in the day) in re carotarum: [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Greges cultivarietatum (cultivar groups)]]. Mind you, what I said is no help in explaining the grammar of ''D. carota'' subsp. ''sativus'', because I can't explain it! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 11:21, 26 Ianuarii 2021 (UTC) :Thanks for the head's-up. ''Carota'' certainly ''looks'' feminine, but we never know what Latin-writing scientists who don't know what they're doing might be thinking. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:10, 26 Ianuarii 2021 (UTC) == Chillies == All right, then, now look at [[Capsicum (fructus)#Pinacotheca varietatum selectarum]]. Some missing that are in the list above: in those cases I can't find an image on Commons. Do you grow any in your garden?? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 17:17, 7 Februarii 2021 (UTC) :Sadly, I don't have a garden of my own, though I've been known to putter in the condominium's plantation. I once managed to sneak some radishes in, but people who've never not lived in a city thought they were weeds. What can we do? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 17:26, 18 Februarii 2021 (UTC) == Motus Neo-Borbonis == Hello, the "[[Motus Neo-Borbonis]]" page has already been rewritten. I would like to know what are the main grammatical errors. Thank you. --[[Usor:AEOS1130|AEOS1130]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:AEOS1130|disputatio]]) 16:07, 18 Februarii 2021 (UTC) :Hi, Iacobe. Note the comment on my page also. If you can grasp that text better than I can, and are able to disentangle it, I'll be your fan for life. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 17:06, 18 Februarii 2021 (UTC) ::Andrew, when a text is so obscure that its meaning can't quickly be puzzled out, but it's not ''wholly'' in a foreign language, the aptest Latinitas-marker is probably –6. In this case, the lack of any such article in the other wikis is something of a red flag. The English wiki defines Neo-Bourbonism as "nostalgia for the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies" but has no article on it per se. The lemma itself is suspect, and the author has removed my <nowiki>{{dubsig}}</nowiki> formula, insisting, in effect, that ''Neo-Borbonis'' is good Latin. Time is lacking for the necessary editorial work. (For example, was the movement really born at Naples, as the text says? and so what? and is it really a movement, not mere nostalgia?) The world is sending us more pressing things to address at the moment. Not everything can be done. Life is short. And so forth. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 17:22, 18 Februarii 2021 (UTC) :::On second thought, after a couple of minutes trying to parse a few sentences, I'm not so sure that –7 wouldn't be the apter Latinitas marker. Oh well. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 18:09, 18 Februarii 2021 (UTC) ::::Thanks very much for giving time to this, Iacobe. I doubted my judgment at first, but I agree with your assessment. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:50, 19 Februarii 2021 (UTC) :::::Et Iacobi et Andreae consentio; quomodo, o AEOS1130, existimes; mihi equidem videtur, ut non solum latinitas sed etiam argumentatio paginae emendandae aequabilitate meliore sint. Non dubito, quin lectoribus nostris et historia et <u>''diversae''</u> aspectae [[Regnum Utriusque Siciliae|Utriusque Siciliae]] aestimationem afferant. [[Usor:Andreas Raether|Andreas Raether]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andreas Raether|disputatio]]) 11:41, 19 Februarii 2021 (UTC) For example, here, in English, is what the second sentence might be telling us: :Ab articulorum scriptorem et cantuum , televisionis et cinematographicae textuum auctorem Ricardi Pazzaglia serie, cum Ianuario De Crescenzo magistro, scriptore, diurnario et tabulario, contra celebrare adventum Iosephi Garibaldi in Neapolim (die 7 Septembris 1860) ideam nata est. :The sight was born from of the little joints of writers and songs , of television and of a cinematographic female of texts to Richard Pazzaglia's author with regard to a succession, along with Ianuary De Crescenzo, master, writer, journalist and recorder, to celebrate opposite the arrival of Joseph Garibaldi into Naples (on 7 September 1860). ::After some study of these words, we can guess more or less what you're trying to say, ''but you're not actually saying it,'' and encyclopedias exist to do more than provide puzzles for readers. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:17, 19 Februarii 2021 (UTC) == Detritus? == Hi, Iacobe. One more page from our list of 10,000 added! Your energy amazes me. But it seems to me the strange unlinked numbers and letters at the end of each item in the bibliography at [[Arcus insularum]] require linking (if really useful) or taking away. Were you intending to do that? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:09, 8 Martii 2021 (UTC) :Really? I'm not finding "Island arc" in the list of 10,000. I added the article to turn a relink blue. That link, in turn, was in a new article, on the [[Insulae Kermadecenses]], added because a swarm of strong earthquakes in that area may be indicating important action in the "Ring of Fire." ¶ In bibliographies, I just preserve what the English wiki tells us. The doi is itself a link: [https://library.uic.edu/help/article/1966/what-is-a-doi-and-how-do-i-use-them-in-citations "You can turn any DOI into a URL by adding http://doi.org/ before the DOI."] The ISSN unambiguously identifies the (serial) publication. Bibcode "has the form YYYYJJJJJVVVVMPPPPA[,] where YYYY is the four-digit year of the reference and JJJJJ is a code indicating where the reference was published. In the case of a journal reference, VVVV is the volume number, M indicates the section of the journal where the reference was published (e.g., L for a letters section), PPPP gives the starting page number, and A is the first letter of the last name of the first author" (says Wikipedia). [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:37, 8 Martii 2021 (UTC) ::Wow, I must have just assumed it was in the 10,000. Still, maybe it will be next month. I wouldn't be surprised if you're ahead of the wave. ::I haven't seen you do this in bibliographies before. Perhaps I haven't looked at the right pages. But, for what it's worth, you're not doing what the English wiki does: their codes are linked. Yours aren't. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:42, 8 Martii 2021 (UTC) ::::Yes, their codes are linked. Programs running in the background make the necessary connections, but we're not a programmer. Maybe one will come along and visit us from the English wiki, where the signal of "doi:" plus a number are all the information that needs to be typed into the text; the programming does the rest. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:26, 18 Martii 2021 (UTC) :::::Slight correction: since most of the bibliographic & footnoted matter seen over there is expanded from coding inside curly brackets, the programming probably involves the governing formulas, and not just hard-coded "doi:" signals. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 17:05, 18 Martii 2021 (UTC) :::There was no reply, so I've removed these unlinked bibliographic codes. Our aim is to help readers, not to puzzle them (I'm agreeing, in fact, with what you quite rightly said in the discussion just above). Our citations should give standard bibliographical information, as one would do in a professionally published academic work. And also -- this is the wonder of an online encyclopedia -- if we can link to an available online version of the text we're citing, we should certainly do it. :::Putting raw codes on the page, with no links, is no help to anyone. Let's not do it. After all, it seems to me, the place to preserve material on en:wiki is in the history of en:wiki. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:18, 18 Martii 2021 (UTC) ::::As for "professionally published academic work," the American Psychological Association's styleguide says: :::::Follow these guidelines for including DOIs and URLs in references: ::::::Include a DOI for all works that have a DOI, regardless of whether you used the online version or the print version. ::::::If a print work does not have a DOI, do not include any DOI or URL in the reference. ::::::If an online work has both a DOI and a URL, include only the DOI. ::::Additional recommendations follow, but these are the most pertinent. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:26, 18 Martii 2021 (UTC) :::::If we want to include ''and link'' the DOI, that becomes useful, and we can probably do it. :::::The DOI would normally take you to the publisher's website (hence no additional need for a url). The text may be available there free, but more often requiring subscription: still useful if your library has a subscription. Similarly a JSTOR number: many libraries subscribe to JSTOR. Hold on, then, and I'll have a go. "Programming", with luck, will be an overstatement :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:59, 18 Martii 2021 (UTC) ::::::There's no need for me to do that: the DOI formula already exists here, and is in use on many older pages written by you. It was created by Robert Baruch, possibly for you, back in 2010! It seems we just have to remember to use it. I would have used it myself if I'd known. Instead of writing "doi:''number''", we have to write <nowiki>{{doi|number}}</nowiki>. That's it, folks. I think we can do that. For an example see [[Accipitridae]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 17:20, 18 Martii 2021 (UTC) ::::::: I have now added a brief documentation to {{fn|doi}}. But we can even do without the template and instead of writing "doi:''number''" we can write "<nowiki>[[</nowiki>doi:''number'']]", which will automatically turn the doi into a link. Greetings, --[[Usor:UV|UV]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:UV|disputatio]]) 22:45, 18 Martii 2021 (UTC) ::::::::Why not do without the curly brackets and the square brackets and enable any string that begins "doi:" to be a link? Vicipaedia has a nontrivial number (less than a thousand but probably more than a hundred) of such strings already in place, as, for example, in "[[Asteroides orbitam Martis transiens]]." [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 02:33, 19 Martii 2021 (UTC) :::::::::It's a good thing this has come up for discussion, and a good thing too that there turn out to be easy answers. But I want to raise an issue that (in my limited understanding) makes the use of a formula <nowiki>{{}}</nowiki> preferable to the <nowiki>[[]]</nowiki> that UV offers and the "magic number" method that Iacobus has in mind. :::::::::In my view, en:wiki is still at the adolescent stage here: you link the numbers and you show the numbers (although human eyes will avoid reading the numbers and don't ever need to). The adult stage is when you link the numbers and quietly tell the human eye what the link will do. So, with the apparent steady increase in bibliographic codes, a fully featured en:wiki bibliography ends up with a long list of blue numbers, unreadable and not actually requiring to be read, at the end of each item. :::::::::To see the difference, compare what you get on en:wiki in the box labelled "taxon identifiers" at the foot of [[:en:Tomato]], with what you get on la:wiki in the line headed "situs scientifici" at the foot of ''[[Solanum lycopersicum]]''. On en:wiki you're given all the numbers (but how many readers need them?); on la:wiki you get the name of the site, which is what most readers might want. Of course, by mousing or clicking, you can see the number if you want it. :::::::::This isn't a new idea, of course -- it's what hyperlinks normally do! You present to the eye the name of the site or page, and you hide the URL behind it. :::::::::That's what I think we should be able to do, and that's why (in my limited understanding) the use of <nowiki>{{}}</nowiki> would be a better way to go. Sorry, Iacobus, about this long text on your page -- but somehow you're often at the eye of the storm :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:56, 19 Martii 2021 (UTC) :::::::::: Enabling any string that begins with <code>doi:</code> to be a link (i. e. a fourth "magic link" besides [[:Categoria:Pages using ISBN magic links|ISBN]], [[:Categoria:Pages using PMID magic links|PMID]] and [[:Categoria:Pages using RFC magic links|RFC]]) cannot be configured locally on la.wikipedia, and there are arguments against (further) such magic links, see [[mw:Help:Magic links]] and [[mw:Requests for comment/Future of magic links]]. Therefore we should use the curly or square brackets when we provide a DOI. :::::::::: Whether the template method (curly brackets) or the interwiki method (square brackets) can or will programmatically provide richer information to readers in the future is difficult to foresee. It may well be that changing our {{fn|doi}} template here on la.wikipedia may enable us to improve the presentation of dois, but it might also happen that MediaWiki programmers will enhance the interwiki doi presentation in a way that would be difficult to achieve with templates here on Vicipaedia. But perhaps the template method (curly brackets) will turn out a bit more flexible. In any way, we should use either of these two methods whenever we provide a doi (and it would be a good idea to link any doi in either of the two ways). Greetings, --[[Usor:UV|UV]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:UV|disputatio]]) 23:09, 19 Martii 2021 (UTC) {{outdent}}Regardless of the linking method, I think that this is something that we can present more cleanly than in the format prescribed by style manuals. The ''Chicago Manual of Style'', for example, says something similar to the APA. Here's an example of how they would cite an online journal article:<blockquote>Wesoky, Sharon R. “Bringing the Jia Back into Guojia: Engendering Chinese Intellectual Politics.” ''Signs'' 40, no. 3 (Spring 2015): 647–66. https://doi.org/10.1086/679524.</blockquote> :The DOI is useful as a theoretically permanent link. Writing it out in full is necessary in a print publication, but here I would argue that we can just attach the link to the title. Here's with a full URL: <blockquote>Wesoky, Sharon R. [https://doi.org/10.1086/679524 "Bringing the Jia Back into Guojia: Engendering Chinese Intellectual Politics"]. ''Signs'' 40, no. 3 (Spring 2015): 647–66.</blockquote> :With <nowiki>[[doi:X]]</nowiki>, it loses the external link symbol, which is unfortunate: <blockquote>Wesoky, Sharon R. [[doi:10.1086/679524|"Bringing the Jia Back into Guojia: Engendering Chinese Intellectual Politics"]]. ''Signs'' 40, no. 3 (Spring 2015): 647–66.</blockquote> :It doesn't look like {{fn|doi}} allows for a different label like this, but I imagine that would be simple to add. [[Usor:Lesgles|Lesgles]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Lesgles|disputatio]]) 17:48, 20 Martii 2021 (UTC) ::Sorry I didn't reply before, Lesgles. I'm glad you agree that in an online bibliography there's no need to show the number (e.g. the DOI number): the need is to link it. ::I like your solution -- placing the DOI behind the article title -- especially because it strikes me that DOIs are becoming more and more the standard reference, almost month by month. But I hesitate for two reasons. One is that, for the great majority of the older stuff we cite in bibliographies, there is no DOI: so it's not standard enough yet! The other is that it is more complicated to adopt that method in transferring a bibliography from another source, such as en:wiki: on en:wiki's and other people's bibliographies, the doi appears (if at all) at the end of each entry. The simplest thing on each case would just be to put the curly brackets around the DOI where it is: I can imagine persuading others to do that, I can't so easily imagine persuading others to take the DOI, transfer it just ahead of the article title, and format a link around the whole thing. There's more risk of typos when doing that, and it would take longer each time. [So for clarity, this is my preferred method: <blockquote>Wesoky, Sharon R. "Bringing the Jia Back into Guojia: Engendering Chinese Intellectual Politics". ''Signs'' 40, no. 3 (Spring 2015): 647–66. [https://doi.org/10.1086/679524 doi]</blockquote> ::And it would be simpler, I think, if we were doing that, to make the {{fn|doi}} template do it for us, hence no need to add the "<nowiki>[https://doi ]</nowiki>" each time, just the curly brackets. But if others prefer the Lesgles format as in the examples he gives, above, I will happily go along with that.] Iacobe, do you have a view on this? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:12, 1 Aprilis 2021 (UTC) == Titles == I answered you at [[Disputatio:The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire]] -- but to no purpose, I'm afraid. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:31, 11 Aprilis 2021 (UTC) :Really useful answers have now been added. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 17:17, 11 Aprilis 2021 (UTC) ::Quae iam legimus, sed memoriá tenebimus? :) [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 17:24, 11 Aprilis 2021 (UTC) == improve the page == Hello dear friend! I think that the important page "Princeps senatus" has some fault and mistakes. for example the word "inientes" in this page what does mean?! please improve this article. Thanks! [[Usor:Mehdi khazaee|Mehdi khazaee]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Mehdi khazaee|disputatio]]) 09:07, 20 Aprilis 2021 (UTC) == question == Hello dear friend! in the article [[Philippicae (Cicero)]], i think that the word "Lupercaliis" is wrong because in en.wiktionary.org, it is written as "Lupercālibus" and in online-latin-dictionary.com/ is written such. see: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Lupercalia#Latin and https://www.online-latin-dictionary.com/latin-dictionary-flexion.php?lemma=LUPERCALIA100 [[Usor:Mehdi khazaee|Mehdi khazaee]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Mehdi khazaee|disputatio]]) 20:58, 27 Aprilis 2021 (UTC) :For the plural noun ''Lupercalia'' (meaning 'the festival of Lupercus'), Cassell's (1968) gives the genitive as both ''-ium'' (third declension) and ''-iorum'' (second declension), but Traupman (2007) gives it only as ''-ium.'' If either interpretation is acceptable but the third declension is preferable, feel free to change it! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 21:52, 27 Aprilis 2021 (UTC) == Fodico fodico == Hello again! You hinted here [[Vicipaedia:Taberna#Translation_help,_please]] that you might be willing and able to translate the text under the gentleman at [https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw126465/John-Florio?LinkID=mp69527&search=sas&sText=Florio&role=sit&rNo=0]. I'm after this since I think it could be a good addition to his en-WP-article. If you're interested in such things, he is also accused of writing the works of Shakespeare [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florian_theory_of_Shakespeare_authorship]. [[Usor:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|Gråbergs Gråa Sång]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|disputatio]]) 08:49, 6 Iulii 2021 (UTC) There's an attempt at translation going on '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk/Humanities#Latin here]''', feel free to comment. [[Usor:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|Gråbergs Gråa Sång]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|disputatio]]) 09:08, 16 Iulii 2021 (UTC) == Hello == Hello, please save the [[Qaem Shahr]] article and link it to the wiki data item. Thanks [[Usor:Viera iran|Viera iran]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Viera iran|disputatio]]) 09:21, 25 Iulii 2021 (UTC) :I can tidy it up, but I'm not a magistrate, and I don't handle wikidata. Aren't bots supposed to make such links? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:12, 25 Iulii 2021 (UTC) Hello, please save the [[FC Nassaji Mazandaran]] article and link it to the wiki data item. Thanks [[Usor:Viera iran|Viera iran]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Viera iran|disputatio]]) 15:46, 4 Maii 2022 (UTC) :As indicated above, I'm not a magistrate, and I don't handle wikidata. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:12, 25 Iulii 2021 (UTC) == De vandalismo == You can say what you like to me, Iacobe, see my talk page for [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby#Dalby, you are monkey, not Aryan!|evidence]], but your summaries at [[Tokelau]] and [[Niue]] are unreasonable to all magistrates. Like other people, we sleep. Like other people, we have things to do in the real world. (I've been pickling chillies this morning.) Compared with other wikis of comparable size, Vicipaedia is quite good at clearing up vandalism. And you are a major part of this. Thank you with all my heart for watching so closely and for reverting as you do. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:57, 18 Septembris 2021 (UTC) :At least eleven hours and four minutes elapsed between the first instance of vandalism and the first deletion. That's a rather long time for a large handful of magistrates all to be asleep! ¶ Why not divide the day into segments, for each of which at least one magistrate would be responsible? If each of (say) eight magistrates checked the "Nuper mutata" once a day at a set time (the times being distributed at equal intervals), the result of an attack would be visible for less than three hours. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:37, 18 Septembris 2021 (UTC) ::''Omnia aliena, tempus tantum nostrum.'' Vicipaediae, tempus hominum ceteroum gubernare non decet. Officio nostro verecunde mi licet, Vicipaedia non, quia est libera. Ut ceteri/ceterae spectare continuabo. Pariter, ut iam supra scriptum, vigilantiae omnium gratias quoque ago. [[Usor:Andreas Raether|Andreas Raether]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andreas Raether|disputatio]]) 17:25, 21 Septembris 2021 (UTC) == Corrections == I thank you a lot for the corrections you're making on my articles. I always read what you correct back and your summaries hoping to improve my knowledge on Latin. If you ever think that my article edits bring more harm than good, don't be afraid at all to tell me and I'll stop. I've just started learning Latin so I am aware that my language skill level is very low at the moment. Having said all that, I wanted to correct you on something though: 1 hectometer is equal to 100 meters so 138.8 meters are equal to 1.388 hectometers or ~1.4 hm. This is in reference to [https://la.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hectometrum&curid=298908&diff=3642576&oldid=3642575&diffmode=source this edit]. - [[Usor:Klein Muçi|Klein Muçi]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Klein Muçi|disputatio]]) 10:41, 28 Septembris 2021 (UTC) :Yes, good. I hadn't had my morning coffee yet and didn't see the period (.) and was thinking you didn't know that four-digit numbers (e.g. 1388) don't have a space, whereas numbers with more digits do (e.g., 13&thinsp;888 and 138&thinsp;888). [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:41, 28 Septembris 2021 (UTC) I think [[mate]] may be good enough to read now: glance at it only if you have time. I found it a bit difficult to get back to the Latin coalface after 2 weeks away. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:55, 3 Octobris 2021 (UTC) :Ah, thanks for the heads-up, but I'm working on other projects at the moment; Vicipaedia fits the schedule best in the mornings (local time), with coffee. Maybe tomorrow. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 20:28, 3 Octobris 2021 (UTC) == "Sources we used" == I noticed your plea for a means to indicate which were the main sources for an article. I had wanted that myself. See what I've done at [[Eduardus Nignon]], under external links. It's an idea I got from French wiki. If you like it, this <nowiki>{{Penna}}</nowiki> can be added at the end of any line in a bibliography or external links. Optional, of course, and no real need to do it if the book is already cited in [multiple] footnotes. It would be possible to permit different messages, but I think maybe it saves time just to use the single fixed message. I felt it was simpler to do this than to have a separate list of sources -- in which case one would end up transferring titles from one list to another, or forgetting to do it, or duplicating titles etc. etc. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:23, 5 Octobris 2021 (UTC) == [[Colinus Powell]] == You may notice he's on the pagina prima today. Creating that article was a very good thing. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 20:06, 19 Octobris 2021 (UTC) :Well, he was a Famous Person, and we were all surely surprised that his life hadn't yet appeared in Vicipaedia! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 20:09, 19 Octobris 2021 (UTC) == emenda paginam == salve! paginam '''[[Rodolphus Graziani]]''' per transfĕrendum hanc [https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rodolfo_Graziani&oldid=123491385 paginam] creavi. emenda illam paginam quaesso! [[Usor:Mehdi khazaee|Mehdi khazaee]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Mehdi khazaee|disputatio]]) 12:52, 24 Octobris 2021 (UTC) == Nuper mutata == I made a quick comment. This postscript is for your attention: I'm amazed that you see eleven lines of text! In the case of the two examples you give, I see 3 and 4 lines respectively. The system appears to have a cutoff so that it doesn't go beyond the length of those two, but I quite agree that the current cutoff takes it far beyond what's necessary. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:28, 3 Novembris 2021 (UTC) :Maybe the size of my font is larger, but the ''degree'' of difference is a surprise. Especially at the end of the day, I tend to spare my eyes by enlarging the letters. (Right now, on my screen, the first sentence starts flushleft with the word ''Maybe'', and the phrase ''end of the'' is at the right margin.) On a PC keyboard, enlarging the font is instantly effected by simultaneously depressing Ctrl and the plus-sign on the number pad—an action repeatable until satisfaction is achieved. Easy as pie! (Ctrl-minus works in reverse.) Surely on a handheld communication device, with a narrower width than my screen, the situation would be even worse? (But maybe the personality of people using such a device leads them not to bother with "Nuper mutata"?) Also in regard to the "Nuper mutata" page, the design of the screen wastes several lines with unnecessary blankspace, but I'll have to take to email to show you a screenshot. Hold on! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:26, 3 Novembris 2021 (UTC) ::My preference happens to be roughly the opposite of yours. I like plenty of text in fairly small size: my standard zoom level for Wikipedia is 80%, and I have a big screen. So the degree of difference is not so surprising after all. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:56, 22 Novembris 2021 (UTC) :::Notice my response on one point that you made at Klein Muci's talk page -- you can already eliminate formulas from your Nuper mutata! It takes <s>4</s> 5 clicks (it could be simpler, I admit). [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:39, 19 Decembris 2021 (UTC) ==Note to oneself== Haec verba in Taberna die 13 Septembris 2021 scribebamus: "Are linguists aware that individual contributors' attempts to write in Latin can serve as evidence for the process of their acquisition of the language? Contributiors' understandings & misunderstandings are all available, in indisputable black & white, for future study, sometimes augmented by their declarations of doubt & certainty in editboxes & disputation pages. All manner of abilities & personalities are documented here. Some contributors will be seen to be recording their uncertainties, and some will be seen to be declaring that their grammar is 'perfectly fine' when it isn't. The history of this wiki is potentially a gold mine (so to speak) for linguistic and even psychological investigation." [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:05, 10 Novembris 2021 (UTC) == Thanks == Thanks for noticing those unwanted edits, which happened after my morning coffee and before yours. If a similar thing happens another time, do exactly the same thing -- with just one exception, if you happen to think of this. If the edit is defintely unhelpful, revert it (abrogare) and save. Don't be tempted to make other edits before saving. After saving, by all means go on and improve the page with a second edit, and save again. But if you revert and improve in the same edit, and especially if it's a very long page, the editor who comes after may be left in doubt whether you corrected all the bad things or only some of them. Verbum sapienti [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:51, 22 Novembris 2021 (UTC) :Ah, OK. When reverting, my eye often catches infelicities other than the ones inviting the reverting, and then my fingers begin to itch. ¶ Multiple unhelpful changes (like today's) often seem to occur when neither of us is awake. Maybe that's a clue as to where they're coming from. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:55, 22 Novembris 2021 (UTC) == Your nuper mutata == It was true, Iacobe, the method I gave you for excluding unwanted namespaces from your Nuper mutata will not, by itself, hold firm each time you go back to Nuper mutata. But it was also true, as Klein Muci then said, that you can make it hold firm for ever by finding the bookmark symbol at the right moment. Perhaps you've discovered this for yourself meanwhile. Tell me if you haven't and I'll explain exactly how. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:15, 30 Decembris 2021 (UTC) == Oysters and rivers == Thanks for your addition to [[Ostreae Rockefeller]], which served to remind me that I had more work to do on that page. On [[Flumen Grande]], via the German wiki (which lists old Spanish names) I guessed at a possible Latin name and found support for it. I haven't suggested moving the page, as yet, because there could surely be other, better or more recent Latin names which we haven't yet guessed. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:09, 10 Februarii 2022 (UTC) :I searched the internet for "flumen grande" (in various cases) and found attestations of one—apparently in Brazil! Not pertinent, except that it does tell us that ''flumen grande'' is good Latin for the concept. Likewise, searches for ''fluvius grandis'' proved unavailing. Further, ''magnum flumen'' and ''magnus fluvius'' must abound, but maybe not helpfully so in regard to this particular example. We have an irony here, in that the river is never impressively wide, and the flow of its water has been so reduced by damming and climate change that it sometimes dries up completely now before reaching the Gulf of Mexico. As a site of undocumented immigration, however, it has enormous importance in U.S. politics, so I was surprised to see that Vicipaedia didn't have at least a stub on it; also, of course, it's one of the 10,000 essential articles. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 16:27, 10 Februarii 2022 (UTC) ::Speaking of those, I thought you wouldn't disagree if I gave your new page primary position at [[Sal]]. It's exactly what classical Latin writers would have meant when they said "Sal" -- but probably you would not have been able to put it at that title because deletion of existing redirects was necessary. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:19, 21 Februarii 2022 (UTC) :::Yes, that's fine. Redirects (both here and in the English wiki) are mostly useful, but they've sometimes proven problematic, and they've definitely cost us points at Meta. Speaking of which, we have the newly discovered problem of "[[Stagnum]]," which correctly links to English "Pond" but still isn't being counted among our 10,000 articles at Meta. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:02, 21 Februarii 2022 (UTC) ::::Will Meta recognize articles resurrected from the dead? See "[[Boeing]]," another of the 10,000 most important articles. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:02, 21 Februarii 2022 (UTC) == Georgius Fishta == Hello Iacobus! :) I was recently working on the article of Lissus (Lezha), an Albanian city and while listing some of its most well-known historical figures, I was surprised to see that the article for [[Georgius Fishta]] already existed and it was written by you some years ago. I got curious and I wanted to ask how come you've gotten interested in that writer. The creation summary you had provided some years ago included a number but I'm not sure what that is supposed to mean. - [[Usor:Klein Muçi|Klein Muçi]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Klein Muçi|disputatio]]) 18:56, 21 Februarii 2022 (UTC) :I have no idea why I wrote it. The number is in the Dewey Decimal Classification, a widely recognized system for cataloging publications. It's a guess, and it could be wrong! Here's a simple version of it; [https://www.librarything.com/mds/0 click to expand.] As you'll see, Albanian literature is 891.991. A problem with biographies, of course, is that people can have several specialties, each with its own number, so a cataloger has to choose the most important or exemplary. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 20:11, 21 Februarii 2022 (UTC) ::Interesting. Thank you! :) - [[Usor:Klein Muçi|Klein Muçi]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Klein Muçi|disputatio]]) 11:05, 22 Februarii 2022 (UTC) == De systemate periodico extenso == Ave Iacobe, veniam peto ob fastidium a mihi tibi creato. Vidi te paginam de [[systema periodicum extensum ultra septimum periodum|systemate periodico extenso ultra septimum periodum ]] latinitatem -5 habere dixisse. Quid erratum est? Si possum, velim errores corrigere... Gratias ago, [[Usor:Llaaww|Llaaww]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Llaaww|disputatio]]) 18:43, 28 Februarii 2022 (UTC) == Latin syntax == Hello! I had an overall question about the Latin syntax and I was wondering if you could help. I know that there is no fixed word order in Latin and I also know that in basic Latin guides students may be told that usually the verb goes in the end of the sentence. Does that "rule" still apply if the sentence is very long though? I was reading about my country to practice my Latin (reading about something you already know helps) and I noticed this sentence: ''A septemptrione Monte Nigro, oriente Kosoviae et Macedoniae, meridie Graeciae, occidente mari Hadriatico finitur.'' Its syntax does seem a bit awkward for my eyes. Having the verb in the end of the sentence usually makes for a more amused reader because it entertains their curiosity for meaning and context (you have to wait until the very ende of the sentence to know what the other is talking about). However in that case, the very long sentence feels like it surpasses the human cognitive load and when you eventually do get the verb, you may have to reread the beginning again to remember what it was about. Does it feel the same for you, an experienced Latin reader? Do you think that could be rewritten in a better way in regard to verb positioning? - [[Usor:Klein Muçi|Klein Muçi]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Klein Muçi|disputatio]]) 16:07, 15 Aprilis 2022 (UTC) :''Finitur'' sounds fine to my ear. (But are the previous words in that sentence idiomatic?) The passage before ''finitur'' isn't all that long, and because it breaks down into four short phrases that are (or should be) grammatically parallel, it doesn't feel overlong at all. If you really want to tickle your syntactical senses, observe, in English, the first lines of book II of ''Paradise Lost'' (by John Milton), with the main verbs (of independent clauses) here in bold: ::High on a throne of royal state—which far ::Outshone the wealth of Ormuz and of Ind, ::Or where the gorgeous East with richest hand ::Showers on her kings barbaric pearl and gold— ::Satan exalted '''sat''', by merit raised ::To that bad eminence; and, from despair ::Thus high uplifted beyond hope, '''aspires''' ::Beyond thus high, insatiate to pursue ::Vain war with Heaven, and, by success untaught, ::He proud imaginations thus '''displayed.'''⁠ :Note that, although English is an SVO language, the last clause is SOV: "He imaginations displayed." [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 18:53, 15 Aprilis 2022 (UTC) ::The provided example crushes all my dilemmas if the sentence I provided was "too much". I guess it's just too much for me than, my mind still unable to auto-break it down in meaning in 4 equal parts (even though the commas are there) while still remembering context. That sentence was from [[Albania]], second sentence of the article. Thank you for your insight! :) - [[Usor:Klein Muçi|Klein Muçi]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Klein Muçi|disputatio]]) 11:42, 17 Aprilis 2022 (UTC) :::Meanwhile, did you hear the music of "I'''nd''' . . . ha'''nd''' . . . gol'''d'''" and "'''Sat'''an . . . '''sat'''" and "de'''sp'''ai'''r''' . . . a'''sp'''i'''r'''es . . . '''p'''u'''rs'''ue" and "'''h'''igh . . . '''h'''ope . . . '''h'''igh . . . '''H'''eaven"? Also, "by success untaught" may be a wry echo of ''indocilis pauperiem pati'' 'untaught to brook privation' in Horace's first ode of book one. Milton spoke & wrote Latin fluently, read Horace thoroughly, and worked echoes of Horace into various parts of ''Paradise Lost.'' ¶ Meanwhile, I doubt that the diction you cite is the most idiomatic possible. The not-quite parallelism could be problematic: 'It's bounded on the north in regard to Black Mountain, on Kosovo and Macedonia's east, on Greece's south, on the west to the Adriatic sea'. Can that be geographically right? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:55, 17 Aprilis 2022 (UTC) ::::I did when I was reading it quickly and it was aesthetically pleasing even though I had difficulties in finding out where it was coming from. I've been interested in taking a look at the so-called Milton's mysterious magnum opus but so far I have yet to read ''Paradise Lost''. I've been careful not to read too much on it online not wanting to spoil myself. ::::I believe not. This is "the same" sentence from the EnWiki version: ''It is located on the Adriatic and Ionian Seas within the Mediterranean Sea and shares land borders with Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, North Macedonia to the east and Greece to the south.'' This paints a better picture I believe. - [[Usor:Klein Muçi|Klein Muçi]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Klein Muçi|disputatio]]) 17:29, 17 Aprilis 2022 (UTC) :::::I enjoyed reading this discussion, and, as often, I find that I agree fully with Iacobus. Milton is a lovely example (and well worth reading). If you want something simpler (and Latin instead of English) {{Ping|Klein Muçi}} Try reading Caesar's commentaries ''De Bello Gallico'' and maybe use a translation to help you follow it. It's an executive summary for senators of what Caesar claimed to have done each year. There, too, clauses and sentences fall into parallel groups, and as you learn to recognise them you find that the prose becomes easier to read. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:00, 5 Maii 2022 (UTC) == [[Saulges]] == Salve, carissime Iacobe, quomodo te habes? Adiutum tuum in hac pagina necesse est, quia nomen Gallicum inveni. Mutare possumus? Tibi gratias ago. [[Usor:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Rei Momo|disputatio]]) 08:56, 3 Maii 2022 (UTC) == Strategy == I can't remember the answer to this: I'm sure you can. [[Capsicum (fructus)]], one of the Myriad, is already full length and I am still expanding it: will this further increase our score, or not? If yes, I'll continue. If no, I will take out the list of cultivarietates to make a separate list article, as is done in English. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:09, 12 Maii 2022 (UTC) :It's already got 76,490 octeti, so removing fewer than 60,490 shouldn't make a difference, as 16,000 qualifies a text for maximal points. The removal will reduce the mean by a small & probably negligible amount, but it certainly won't affect the median. Have at it, if you like! :) [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 19:40, 12 Maii 2022 (UTC) == Musica Romae antiquae / Musica Romana antiqua == Salve, Iacobe. Petrus sum (tibi antea forte sub nomine "Frenchnerd" notus), is qui nuperrime ultimam partem [[Musica Romana antiqua|Musicae Romanae antiquae]] curavi. Quid censes de latinitate huius rei, estne melior nunc? Bene scio multa, quae ad artem Latine scribendi attinent, mihi etiamnunc addiscenda esse meumque scribendi genus fortasse quadam elegantia vel venustate carere, sed, ut ingenue fatear, istam elegantiam interdum sophisticam libenter neglegendam existimo perspicuitatis gratia... Si igitur tempus tibi fuerit, rem supra commemoratam, quaeso, iterum inspicias. Bibliographiam non attigi, quamvis multae quisquiliae ibi maneant, ut emendentur... Fortasse etiam de inscriptione rei nobis cogitandum erit, cum res inscribatur "Musica Romana antiqua", textus autem sic inchoet: ''Musica Romae antiquae...'' Quae cum ita sint: cura, amice, ut quam optime valeas! Tibi obstricissimus [[Usor:Petrus Tectander|Petrus Tectander]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Petrus Tectander|disputatio]]) 12:14, 11 Iunii 2022 (UTC) ==De Curculionoideis== Gratias tibi ago de iis quae in omnibus commentationibus confers! De duobus in [[Curculionoidea|Curculionoideis]] consulere velim. Primum: Nonne "Curculionidae" et alia familiarum animalium nomina, sicut in fabulis "Atreidae" aliaque eiusmodi patronymica, masculina sunt? Alterum: Notam immisisti questus Anglicam Vicipaediam alibi Curculionoideum, alibi Bostrichoideum ''Austroplatypoda'' vocare. Egomet nusquam invenio aliud quam Curculionoideum esse. Potesne monstrare, ubi Bostrichoideum esse dicatur? [[Usor:Arbarulo|Arbarulo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Arbarulo|disputatio]]) 16:32, 13 Iunii 2022 (UTC) == Thanks == ... for your comment at [[Disputatio Usoris:PEDCPR]]. If you have time, please look there again. If you have additional time, please look at Petrus Tectander's query on my talk page. I know nothing about music ... But I know you're busy! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:08, 4 Iulii 2022 (UTC) :Yes, the (annual except for 2020 & 2021) folklife festival on the Mall has been proving irresistible to my (hobbyist) cameras, a double issue of an academic journal I copyedit has been in progress, and so forth. Busy, busy! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 15:13, 4 Iulii 2022 (UTC) ::Salvus sis, Iacobe. Video Andream te iam certiorem fecisse de iis, quae in eius pagina disputationis scripseram. Si tibi occupatissimo placebit, tempore dato rogatum meum [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disputatio_Usoris:Andrew_Dalby#Certamen_musicum/Concentus_vs._Concertatio_(?) ibi] legas. [[Usor:Petrus Tectander|Petrus Tectander]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Petrus Tectander|disputatio]]) 18:41, 4 Iulii 2022 (UTC) == Amaro Pargo == Salve, de hoc; [[Disputatio:Amaro Pargo]]. Titulum articulum esse puto; Amarus Pagrus. Verbum "Pargo" = Pagrus, cognomen est piscis huius; [[:es:Pagrus_pagrus|Pagrus pagrus]]. Puto etiam nomen in hoc articulo Latinizandum esse: [[Maria de León Bello y Delgado]]. Omnes optimis. [[Specialis:Conlationes/87.223.45.200|87.223.45.200]] 20:09, 12 Iulii 2022 (UTC) :Mos noster est praenomina et agnomina, sed non cognomina, Latine reddi. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:45, 13 Iulii 2022 (UTC) == A couple of messages to me == Looking at the page history of [[Tyrone Power]] I see a couple of summaries by you, attached to edits tagged "minor", a couple of months ago, which begin "Andrew ..." I guess that must be me. Well, just to clarify, I don't hold the views you seem to attribute to me. I don't know why you thought I did. Never mind -- have a nice day, as they say -- [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:38, 21 Iulii 2022 (UTC) :I think I see what it was now. That page had been edited by a miscreant: you were unlucky enough to edit it straight afterwards without noticing the vandal's touch. Seeing the page afterwards, I regarded your edits as neutral rather than improvements, so I reverted to the previous good state of the page. In general, "Lifetime" is fine by me: I see it as neither better nor worse that the alternative. I agree that "CFA" is not the most helpful term to choose, but, as a link, it works. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:14, 21 Iulii 2022 (UTC) ::Ah, OK. Too long ago for worry, but you seem to have figured it out! ¶ Meanwhile, while we've got your attention: neither the new form of the disputatio-starting page, nor the current version of the so-called legacy form, may be looking as good as the truly old one. ¶ Also, in case you've noticed the absence of an article on this year's [[Circuitus Franciae]]: the cable network that used to show the race for free (as part of its ordinary programming) isn't doing so this year and is charging money for live-streaming, so the unfortunate cyclists have sunk into oblivion. Of course anyone remains free to add an article to continue the series. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:49, 21 Iulii 2022 (UTC) == Emenda! == Salve! emenda [[Provocatio ad populum|hanc paginam]], tibi gratias ago! [[Usor:Mehdi khazaee|Mehdi khazaee]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Mehdi khazaee|disputatio]]) 19:18, 23 Iulii 2022 (UTC) == Starting a talk page == Trying to help you here without fully understanding your problem: therefore ignore if useless. On la:wiki I have no difficulty such as you describe. But maybe the following will help: On en:wiki, yes, I do see an unfriendly screen saying in large red letters "Why the hell do you want to do this, you idiot?" On that screen, I click on the button bizarrely labelled "Start a discussion". The system now reluctantly gets ready to open an edit window, while soupily urging "A new way to start topics is here" (a Dutchman must have written that). Alternatively it invites me to return to the "legacy experience", which would be sex, wouldn't it? All right, I think I used to like sex, I'll have a go at it. I click on "legacy experience". I have to insist once more on "legacy experience as default": then I get to my preference page and I have to push a button near the bottom labelled "open the wikitext editor". If I do all that, I get back to normality just in time for breakfast. It looks as if, from where you are, you would achieve the same outcome on Vicipaedia by going to "Modi/Praeferentiae", choosing the tab "Edit screen/Recensere", finding the button near the bottom labelled "open the wikitext editor", clicking it, and saving. None of this, I assure you, has anything to do with the magistratus :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:15, 24 Iulii 2022 (UTC) :It has to do with ''somebody,'' because these things don't happen of their own accord! One curiosity is that the summarium box has disappeared. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:35, 24 Iulii 2022 (UTC) ::It's a Wikimedia-wide change: you can find some explanations [[:mw:Talk pages project/Feature summary|here]], as I discovered in responding to your question. ::When you asked about it on the Taberna, I didn't immediately recall the event -- sorry -- but I must in fact have determined immediately in my own case to enjoy the "legacy experience" and followed the steps above almost without conscious thought. Again in my own case, and to try out the solution to your problem, I followed the same steps yesterday on en:wiki, as I narrated above. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 08:39, 25 Iulii 2022 (UTC) :::One is reminded of businesses that, when they make a change that inconveniences you, will post a sign or send an email to tell you it's "for your convenience." ¶ I tried the "legacy experience" a week or two ago, but the result differed somewhat from what was expected. Let's try it again when I add another orchid or bee. ¶ Speaking of bees, Vicipaedia may have made a mistake in making "[[Anthophila]]" equivalent to "[[:en:Bee|Bee]]" (though, strictly speaking, it seems to be), the problem being that ''anthophila'' is a clade, not one of the basic levels of taxa (class, order, family, genus, species). Would it have been better to say that ''anthophila'' = ''apis (cladus)'' and thus to distinguish between ''Apis (genus)'' and ''apis (cladus)''? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 10:34, 25 Iulii 2022 (UTC) ::::That's interesting. Tell me if I'm wrong, but I don't think there is a clade "Apis" (as distinct from the genus "Apis"), or indeed a clade "''Bee''" ... is there? If there isn't, we can't pretend there is. It would be an error to use "apis" in Latin, or "abeille" in French, to cover all the insects covered by English "bee", because vernacular names don't correspond in that way from language to language. It would be pointless, anyway, to create a Latin or French page specifically to enumerate all the insects that the English call "bee". That's a job for Victionarium or Victionnaire: our articles have to describe things, not words. Yes, I know, I'm saying things you have often said yourself. ::::Now there actually is a clade "Potato" these days (roughly on a level with [[Solanum subg. Leptostemonum]] but not defined as a subgenus). My question is, should I translate the name or not? You may have had similar issues among the cabbages. I think it will only cause confusion if I translate it (NB it includes the tomatoes as well as the potatoes), and I think I have to call it [[Solanum clad. Potato]], explaining the name in the first sentence. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:38, 25 Iulii 2022 (UTC) <!-- == Occidam vos omnes! Ego organa tua eximam et in platea proice! Videam te ibi! Crura tibi praecidam! Tua viscera suffocabo! cultrum in os tuum cogam! Peius, Kemalist! Puella ego te interficiam! Sit cruor in plateis, domi te interficiam! Sacrificium in platea prohibetur! == [[Specialis:Conlationes/195.155.192.228|195.155.192.228]] 13:32, 9 Augusti 2022 (UTC) [Ancyrae in Turcia fortasse divulgatum.] --> ==Question== Dear unknown user—apparently identified as 36.72.160.0 - 36.72.175.255 / netname: TLKM_BB_SERVICE_36_72_DIVRE3-4 / descr: PT TELKOM INDONESIA / descr: STO Gambir 3rd Floor / descr: Jl. Medan Merdeka Selatan No. 12 / descr: Jakarta 10110 / country: ID / admin-c: AR165-AP / tech-c: HM444-AP / abuse-c: AI598-AP / status: ASSIGNED NON-PORTABLE / mnt-by: MAINT-TELKOMNET / mnt-irt: IRT-IDTELKOM-ID / last-modified: 2021-01-26T22:07:12Z / source: APNIC<!-- irt: IRT-IDTELKOM-ID address: PT. TELKOM INDONESIA address: STO Telkom Gambir 3th Floor address: Medan Merdeka Selatan address: JAKARTA e-mail: abuse@telkom.co.id abuse-mailbox: abuse@telkom.co.id admin-c: DF99-AP tech-c: AR165-AP auth: # Filtered remarks: abuse@telkom.co.id was +validated on 2022-04-28 mnt-by: MAINT-TELKOMNET last-modified: 2022-04-28T14:08:08Z source: APNIC role: ABUSE IDTELKOMID address: PT. TELKOM INDONESIA address: STO Telkom Gambir 3th Floor address: Medan Merdeka Selatan address: JAKARTA country: ZZ phone: +000000000 e-mail: abuse@telkom.co.id admin-c: DF99-AP tech-c: AR165-AP nic-hdl: AI598-AP remarks: Generated from irt object IRT-IDTELKOM-ID remarks: abuse@telkom.co.id was validated on 2022-04-28 abuse-mailbox: abuse@telkom.co.id mnt-by: APNIC-ABUSE last-modified: 2022-04-28T14:09:09Z source: APNIC role: PT Telkom Indonesia APNIC Resources Management address: PT. TELKOM INDONESIA address: Menara Multimedia Lt. 7 address: Jl. Kebonsirih No.12 address: JAKARTA country: ID phone: +62-21-3860500 fax-no: +62-21-3861215 e-mail: ip-admin@telkom.net.id admin-c: HM444-AP tech-c: HM444-AP nic-hdl: AR165-AP notify: hostmaster@telkom.net.id mnt-by: MAINT-TELKOMNET last-modified: 2008-09-04T07:54:16Z source: APNIC person: PT Telkom Indonesia Hostmaster nic-hdl: HM444-AP e-mail: hostmaster@telkom.net.id address: PT. TELKOM INDONESIA address: Menara Multimedia Lt. 7 address: Jl. Kebonsirih No.12 address: JAKARTA phone: +62-21-3860500 fax-no: +62-21-3861215 country: ID notify: hostmaster@telkom.net.id mnt-by: MAINT-TELKOMNET last-modified: 2008-09-04T07:29:40Z source: APNIC route: 36.72.160.0/20 descr: PT. Telekomunikasi Indonesia country: ID origin: AS17974 mnt-by: MAINT-TELKOMNET last-modified: 2013-12-10T08:18:13Z source: APNIC route: 36.72.160.0/20 origin: AS7713 descr: Telekomunikasi Indonesia (PT) PT Telkom - Divisi Infratel Gedung STO Gambir LT 3 Sub Divisi Resource Management & Operation Jalan Merdeka Selatan No .12 mnt-by: MAINT-TELKOMNET last-modified: 2021-08-18T20:07:48Z source: APNIC-->—why did you delete my page in Vicipaedia? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 21:40, 27 Augusti 2022 (UTC) == [[Index communium praefecturae Pyrenaei Atlantici]] == I saw your comment when adding <nowiki>{{Augenda}}</nowiki> to one of these communes. You're right. There are 541 of them (setting aside other similar pages elsewhere). Helveticus created them all but he added no external sources (in most cases), he never wrote enough text to be useful, and he never even looked for Latin names. In a few cases others (Lesgles, me, etc.) have found the Latin names; in a few cases more text has been added. Otherwise, they remain as they were, "Non stipula" for three reasons, begging for deletion. If you're prepared to go through them, using [[Index communium praefecturae Pyrenaei Atlantici]] as a working list, and mark them <nowiki>{{Augenda|2022|9}}</nowiki>, I will take it from there. You could skip the few whose name is a redirect: these will normally have Latin pagenames, which makes them worth saving. I will work on the few pages about large towns, worth expanding and saving. After three months, I will delete the rest. How about it? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 12:49, 3 Septembris 2022 (UTC) :Being somewhat preoccupied the past few months, I've been looking for mindless activities to be doing while waking up at breakfast, and that project could be one of them, but its scope seems too daunting to make a promise. And how about the ''other'' prefectures? Is the true number of such unsourced articles in the thousands, or even the tens of thousands?! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:57, 3 Septembris 2022 (UTC) ::Quite a few of them, however, do seem to have sources, so it'd be a shame not to retain the lot. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:01, 3 Septembris 2022 (UTC) :::OK, the A's are done down to and including [[Araux]]. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:20, 3 Septembris 2022 (UTC) ::::They'll still have three months, and I always judge each page individually, saving whatever I reasonably can. The reason for identifying these (sparked by your summarium, as I mentioned above) is that they were clearly unfinished and forgotten. The same may apply to communes in one or two other French départements, but the majority (many thousands of pages) are a tiny bit better ... [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:18, 3 Septembris 2022 (UTC) == [[Ordo saecularis]] == Salve Iacobe, I hope that you accept the usage of the English language for discussions. First of all, I am very thankfull for improving the ''Latinitas'' level of the new article [[Ordo saecularis]], but I have seen that you have categorised it as a ''pagina brevior'', which I honestly cannot comprehend. There are a definition, links to and from this site, a source (I thought it might be appropiate to choose a bilangual latin-italian one), images and a Vicidata link. Can you please tell me, what to do to improve the page? Gratiam tibi ago [[Usor:Socius sociologicus|Socius sociologicus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Socius sociologicus|disputatio]]) 12:40, 24 Septembris 2022 (UTC) :Dictum factum! The page is excellent. Feel free to continue adding articles! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:12, 24 Septembris 2022 (UTC) ::Gratias ago! [[Usor:Socius sociologicus|Socius sociologicus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Socius sociologicus|disputatio]]) 19:47, 24 Septembris 2022 (UTC) ==De nomine Catalauniae/Cataloniae/Catalanae== Salve! Commentationem de [[Lingua Catalana]] augere volo. Tamen ex disputationibus eius paginae atque [[Catalaunia]]e videtur numquam consensum esse de nomine eius terrae et linguae. Egomet huius rei haud sciens sum. Quaeso tu et alii in [[Disputatio:Catalaunia]] sententiam, si habes, proferas. [[Usor:Arbarulo|Arbarulo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Arbarulo|disputatio]]) 14:11, 25 Septembris 2022 (UTC) == de [[Renan Contar]]== Salvus sis! Tu homo multo magis patiens quam ego esse videris. Nam in commentatione de domino Contar singula verba non apta formula "Dubsig" ornasti. Revera res omnis non Latine scripta est, mea opinione! Latinis verbis utique sed sententiis non intelligibilibus. Ne perdamus tempus in erroribus singillatim et discretim detegendis. Sed cunctim et coacervatim erratica tamquam opusculum ab initio rescribendum patefaciamus. Dic, an sim in hoc nimis malignus contra tirones. - [[Usor:Giorno2|Giorno2]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Giorno2|disputatio]]) 19:59, 19 Octobris 2022 (UTC) == [[Osvaldus Moles]] == Salve Iacobe, quomodo te habes? Redactiones feci, etiam ultima sicut Anonimus. Vale. [[Usor:Rei Momo|Rei Momo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Rei Momo|disputatio]]) 23:17, 17 Novembris 2022 (UTC) == Apollo Poetry == If you feel I was wrong to delete [[Disputatio:Apollo Poetry|Apollo Poetry]] please say so. Your comment in our disputatio was partly about the status of the image. If you want to pursue that, you had better do so at [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Deletion_requests/File:Apollo_Poetry.jpg Deletion requests/File:Apollo Poetry.jpg] -- quickly, I suggest. I have just noticed, this moment, that the editors at Commons were waiting on us before deleting the image. My personal view was that this was all self-promotion that survived too long, but evidently you have doubts. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 17:08, 7 Ianuarii 2023 (UTC) :It always arouses skepticism when a named but otherwise unknown party urges action for reasons untraceable elsewhere, but Mr. Poetry is hardly so notable as to be ''necessary'' to the enterprise, though he's doubtlessly ''much more notable'' than subjects we do tolerate, for example, the eleven denizens of [[Caychax]], a hamlet that, unlike Mr. Poetry, doesn't have a YouTube channel (most of the hamlet can apparently be glimpsed in the first six seconds of the video [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yKsenuPIjVQ here]). Furthermore, mainstream poets and their audiences tend to look down on performers billing themselves as "spoken word poets," and it's useful to guard against unwittingly adopting that kind of cultural imperialism. Additionally, since this one has been something of a political activist, maybe he's said or done something that has ruffled someone's feathers and that party wants to silence him. Or maybe he himself has private reasons to want to scrub from the internet any knowledge of his prior public activities. We just don't know, but it doesn't seem to be a clear case either way, so I guess the best response is a shrug. It'd be nice, though, to have a copy of the text for my archives; it was gone before I could retrieve it. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 19:46, 7 Ianuarii 2023 (UTC) ::OK, those are fair reasons! I've brought it back. If you decide to work on it a couple of reliable sources, not linked to him, would be the minimum. IMDB doesn't count as reliable because, like Wikipedia, anyone can edit it. What he says on YouTube might be interesting to cite but can't count among reliable sources about him. Hope that helps. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:19, 7 Ianuarii 2023 (UTC) == Iulianus Sands == Hello. Can you add the disappearance with news sources of the English actor [[Iulianus Sands]] in his article? He has been missing since 13 January 2023, after he went hiking in the San Gabriel Mountains in California near Los Angeles. Yours sincerely, [[Specialis:Conlationes/31.200.22.67|31.200.22.67]] 20:14, 28 Ianuarii 2023 (UTC) :Sic fecit Andreas, sed eius loci natalis nomen Latinum invenimus nosmet. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:05, 30 Ianuarii 2023 (UTC) == [[Octopus]] == A very brief page, but a 10,000 problem: the text talks about the word, and correctly says that this word is the name of a genus. The taxobox, however, applies to the order '''Octopoda'' (not quite the same word, because it's neuter). It is the order that belongs to the 10,000. So we could # move this page to Octopoda, and correct the text, and hold on tight to the Wikidata link and thus to the 10,000 # start a page that will be truly about the genus, which will then be correctly titled "Octopus". Should we do these things? What's your opinion? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:50, 1 Martii 2023 (UTC) :Ahhhh. I'll take a look when time becomes available. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:53, 1 Martii 2023 (UTC) ::OK, quickly. Maybe the original text was trying to say 'kind' (in a general sense) instead of 'genus' (in a taxonomic sense), as the English wiki doesn't seem to recognize a genus having this name. As you imply, the article needs to define the order, to which a link to the other wikis is correctly in place. So both your options are good, except that the second one should be about the history of the word, not the (nonexistent) genus; or that page could just become a redirect, with the etymological information merely a section of the article on octopoda. ¶ Bear in mind that when articles among the 10,000 are moved to be under a new title, the system apparently doesn't recognize the change (and Vicipaedia loses points), as the link has to be manually updated (in ways unknown to me) in Meta (or wherever the links go). [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:16, 1 Martii 2023 (UTC) :::I agree with you about the original text, but you made me gulp for a moment: did I check that before writing? No, I didn't, but I had remembered correctly: in fact there is a genus: see ''[[Octopus cyanea]]'' and on en:wiki see [[:en:Octopus (genus)]]. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 14:53, 1 Martii 2023 (UTC) ::::And there we see the value of the word ''seem.'' :) So yes, then, and both options are good as they stand! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 17:10, 1 Martii 2023 (UTC) == Planeta pulsaris vs Planetae pulsarium == Hi IacobusAmor! What do you think about [[Disputatio:Planeta pulsaris#Planeta_pulsaris_/_Planetae_pulsarium|this point]]? -- [[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 16:43, 23 Martii 2023 (UTC) :See my comments there. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 17:55, 23 Martii 2023 (UTC) == Splitting comments for answering == Hi Iacobus. Just a technical note. I think it would be preferrable not to split other users' comments to intervene concerning something stated in the middle, because it makes the page unreadable to whoever approaches the discussion later. I created the {{fn|Re}} and {{fn|Cc}} templates exactly for these cases. For instance, if you have : This is not the really important thing…<sub>{{pq|← You want to leave a comment about this}}</sub> Not exactly classical, but there is ... you could do : This is not the really important thing… Not exactly classical, but there is :: {{Re||This is not the really important thing…}} Your answer goes here --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:29, 14 Aprilis 2023 (UTC) :Thanks, but practices ingrained for fifteen years aren't easily changed, especially when acquiring new formulas isn't high on the to-do list. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:50, 14 Aprilis 2023 (UTC) :: I will keep unsplitting the comments every time you do that then :-) --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 16:32, 14 Aprilis 2023 (UTC) P.S. On a different note, I just created the {{fn|Voco}} template, which is a clone of {{fn|Ping}} without the final colon. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 16:35, 14 Aprilis 2023 (UTC) == De Accumulatris == Hi Iacobus, What would you think if we followed this scheme? # [[Accumulatrum]] → [[d:Q2288996]] {{pq|✔ Done}} # [[Accumulatrum electricum]] → [[d:Q109376674]] # [[Pilae onerabiles]] (or whatever other alternative name) → [[d:Q187510]] Point #2 exists only in Italian, but that Wiki has two articles [[it:Accumulatore elettrico]] and [[it:Batteria ricaricabile]] (so #3 would be a subspecies of #2 – but #2 would include also [[condensatrum|condensatra]], for example – and #2 would be a subspecies of #1). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 15:13, 20 Aprilis 2023 (UTC) ==Ante Christum natum== Salutem dico. Laborem tuum in correptionibus dilaudo, ut commentarii poliantur. Hesternam autem non ita intellexi: nam dixisti (in commentatione [[anseres Capitolini|anserum Capitolinorum]]) formulam compendiariam ''a.Chr.n.'' non esse Latinam sed "Germanicam". Ecce quod inveni hic apud latinistas: [[Ante Christum natum]] sive https://dizionario.internazionale.it/parola/achrn Insuper sublineas "nos non esse Germanos!!". Fateor me ipsum quoque non Germanum esse!! Si Germanus essem, tamen criticam de usu formulae pure Latinae in Latina Vicipaediana (secundum Iacobum evitanda) non intelligerem. - [[Usor:Giorno2|Giorno2]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Giorno2|disputatio]]) 05:38, 27 Maii 2023 (UTC) :[[:de:https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/V._Chr.|"Gleichbedeutend mit ''v. Chr.'' ist die Abkürzung '''a. Chr. n.''', die für das lateinische ''ante Christum natum'' (‚vor der Geburt Christi‘) steht."]] Nihilominus, mos vicipaedianus '''[[a.C.n.]]''' semper fuit, est, erit. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 12:51, 27 Maii 2023 (UTC) == De astrologia planitiei Scythicae == Hi Iacobe. I think I mentioned before, if correcting and improving a page that has been vandalized, it's safest to deal with the vandalism in one edit, then save, then make any improvements you wish and save again. If you don't do it this way, you run the risk of wasting your time, because your edits could get reverted along with the vandalism. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:11, 8 Iunii 2023 (UTC) :Leapfrogging back over the vandalized version, I edited the last good version. You then restored the vandalized version. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:14, 9 Iunii 2023 (UTC) ::I don't see a case where I've done that. If there is, please tell me which article it is. ::Meanwhile, please respond directly to the point I'm making. If you correct vandalism and make other edits in the same move, you make it difficult for any following editor to verify that the vandalism has been corrected. And so, when I'm doing what you did, reverting to a previous version, I say so in the summary (e.g. "versionem stabilem restituo"). Then, if I need to make further changes, I do it in a second edit. That means any future editor knows what moves I made. If you revert ''and edit further in the same move'', with an unclear summary, it takes others longer to verify how your version differs from the previous one. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 10:39, 10 Iunii 2023 (UTC) :::To minimize clutter, my habit has been to do the leapfrogging & editing described above, but the history of ''[[Scorpio (astrologia)|this article]]'' seems to have been misremembered: I started with an ineptly coded but not necessarily vandalizing edit by an unknown entity. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:20, 10 Iunii 2023 (UTC) ::::OK, yes, in that case I think I was the one who took the vandalism out. It surely is vandalism, and it's a pattern being repeated across the zodiac. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 16:45, 10 Iunii 2023 (UTC) == Translation request == Hello. Can you create the article [[:en:Laacher See]], which is the third most powerful volcano in Europe after Campi Flegrei and Santorini, in Latin Wikipedia? Yours sincerely, [[Usor:Multituberculata|Multituberculata]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Multituberculata|disputatio]]) 10:01, 12 Iunii 2023 (UTC) :Someone else tends to do mountains here. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:42, 23 Iunii 2023 (UTC) ::Do you do private translations? Where can I contact you? [[Usor:Qondd2|Qondd2]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Qondd2|disputatio]]) 20:33, 5 Ianuarii 2024 (UTC) :::''[[Laacher See|Laacher See has ready been translatad]]'' [[Usor:Qondd2|Qondd2]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Qondd2|disputatio]]) 00:50, 6 Ianuarii 2024 (UTC) == [[Renascentia litterarum]] == Hi, Iacobe. Notice the edit to this page, and consider in particular whether it represents Vasari's thinking as well as your version. Don't hesitate to edit further or to restore some of your text if needed. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 07:54, 23 Iunii 2023 (UTC) :The revision looks OK. It did cut a sentence, whose keywords I've added to the NexInt, where they can stay until such time as they go back into the main text. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:40, 23 Iunii 2023 (UTC) == Capital letters == I have noted you re-arranged my text in the [[Exaltatio Crucis]], thank you. I have the following question: when describing liturgical matters, it is quite natural for me to follow the conventions used in Roman liturgical editions, in which all canonical hours are capitalised, Vesperae, hymnus ad Vesperas dicendus, ad Matutinum etc. You changed into "vesperas", "matutinum". On the contrary, "sanctus" with personal names is spelt always with a lowercase, festum sanctae Caeciliae, sanctus Andreas and so on ("Sanctus" is mostly just for God). You changed into "Sancta Helena". Would you mind indicating whether the convention for using capitals / lowercase for such things has already been discussed somewhere? [[Usor:Ailamnos|Ailamnos]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Ailamnos|disputatio]]) 17:00, 24 Iunii 2023 (UTC) == Re "please don't model such bios on outdated formats" == Thanks for editing [[Gulielmus Shockley]]. What is the example of a non-outdated bio page?. [[Usor:Ornil|Ornil]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Ornil|disputatio]]) 16:34, 29 Iunii 2023 (UTC) :The current version of "[[Gulielmus Shockley]]." Use the list at "Nuper mutata" to see what has changed, particularly the nexus at <nowiki>"[[Anglice]],"</nowiki> the footnote, and the Notae. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:40, 29 Iunii 2023 (UTC) ::Gratias tibi ago. [[Usor:Ornil|Ornil]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Ornil|disputatio]]) 00:12, 30 Iunii 2023 (UTC) == Suspicious edits in Franciscus de Quevedo Villegas == Hello, I'm the user "Qondd2", do not remove tags, you removed a tag from the article Franciscus de Quevedo Villegas. If any user found the insertion of the marking necessary, it is their right and it is in accordance with the rules, I have already reverted your edit. Thank you! [[Usor:Qondd2|Qondd2]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Qondd2|disputatio]]) 22:33, 3 Ianuarii 2024 (UTC) :You didn't revert the previous edit: you accepted it in toto (including a typo, "Ialiane" for "Italiane"!), except for reinserting the <nowiki>{{scriptor-stipula}}</nowiki> formula, which had been removed because the text had a magnitude of 3859, well more than the usual upper limit of stubs, and except for suppressing a blankline customarily placed above the categories. The question of what the precise upper limit of stubs should be (or indeed whether there should be a precise limit) is a question best raised in the Taberna. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 00:34, 4 Ianuarii 2024 (UTC) ::"Revert" does not mean undo or undo, in wikipedian contexts, means "remove". Wikipedia doesn't have fixed rules, I can abolish sketch tags, I can remove valid text. [[Usor:Qondd2|Qondd2]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Qondd2|disputatio]]) 01:16, 4 Ianuarii 2024 (UTC) == “Etc.” == Hi Iacobus! You might be interested in {{Fn|*Etc}} and {{Fn|*etc}}, which support the declension of “cetera” when you hover above them with your mouse: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{*Etc}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><abbr title="“Et cetera”">Etc.</abbr></syntaxhighlight> *:: ↳ {{*Etc}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{*Etc|gen}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><abbr title="“Et ceterorum”">Etc.</abbr></syntaxhighlight> *:: ↳ {{*Etc|gen}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{*etc}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><abbr title="“Et cetera”">etc.</abbr></syntaxhighlight> *:: ↳ {{*etc}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{*etc|gen}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><abbr title="“Et ceterorum”">etc.</abbr></syntaxhighlight> *:: ↳ {{*etc|gen}} More information at the documentation pages of these two templates. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 00:44, 27 Ianuarii 2024 (UTC) == Edita == One way or another quite a lot of English had got into the first paragraph at [[Petrus Lellouche]] ... it might have appeared almost imperialistic :) So I reduced it, taking out the hidden text in English, removing a couple of less-pertinent "Creanda" templates, and making the other such templates generally point at the more-relevant French wiki articles. I thought you wouldn't mind. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:32, 29 Ianuarii 2024 (UTC) :Yes, that's fine. The author looks French. A bit cheeky though, claiming he was reverting my edits to the true norms of Vicipaedia! :) [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:36, 29 Ianuarii 2024 (UTC) ::... and reverting mine as well. I fear he may have learned the true norms from Google Translate (''vel sim.'') [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 13:44, 29 Ianuarii 2024 (UTC) :::LOL. I hadnn't noticed that. Maybe he'd like to give our other longtime editors a try. :) [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:55, 29 Ianuarii 2024 (UTC) == Corrections to my addition == Hello! I noticed you made some corrections to my edit on [[Statistica#Historia statisticae]], and, well... I'm afraid I do have some doubts about it. I hope we can clear all of them. * You edited the first sentence to "[[Vocabulum]] ''statistica'' primum a [[Hermannus Conringius|Hermanno Conringio]] res quaedam appellata est". Shouldn't the word ''vocabulum'' be in the ablative? I mean, maybe there is some attested example contradicting me, but that construction sounds suspiciously English-influenced. ::Not if it's the subject or an appositive of the subject. 'The word ''statistica'' was first called a certain thing by H,C.' ~ 'A certain thing was first called ''statistica'' by H.C.' (in which case, ''vocabulum'' should be cut). I may have misread this, intending to say ''Vocabulum'' statistica'' primum a H.C. rei cuidam adhibita est'' ('The word ''statistica'' was first applied to a certain thing by H.C.') but then got distracted. Maybe rethink the syntax? :::I mean, I precisely didn't think that it is correct to treat the "word" as the appositive of the subject, but I gotta say, I like the formulation with ''adhibeo'' much better. I think we should settle on this one. * You marked the word "magistratio" as unclear; my dictionary, a Castiglioni-Mariotti, translates it as ''teaching'', which I found appropriate. What was your reasoning? ::It's not in Cassell's, which, for 'a teaching', gives ''doctrina, disciplina, eruditio, institutio, praecepta.'' :::I see. The attestation seems to be this line of the Codex Theodosianus: ''Universos, qui usurpantes sibi nomina magistrorum in publicis magistrationibus cellulisque collectos undecumque discipulos circumferre consuerunt'', and it seems to exactly mean teaching; however, it for sure is hardly classical, being written in the 5th century. If we'd rather go for a Classical word maybe ''institutio'' or ''eruditio'' fit - they're both attested in Cicero. * Next: "quo verbo magistrationem universitariam 'scientiam politicam' significavit". I didn't mean to say that political science was the name or focus of his course; in fact, my source says that nowhere. I wanted to say the subject of the course was political science ''with a particular focus'' on the most important things about a state. So, something like "which is what he called a political science course focused on all things that were most noteworthy about a state", ''(hence "statistics''). ::Maybe. No time to check. Feel free to redo it! :::Agreed! * "Septemdecimi" was indeed a mistake on my part. However, did you write "saecul''i'' sept''e''m''o'' decim''o''" on purpose? Shouldn't it be all an ablative? I myself chose a genitive at first to mean that Petty and Graunt belonged to the 17th century, though you're probably right an ablative fits better. ::Should be ''saeculo septimo decimo'' 'in the seventeenth century'. :::Gonna correct this. * "et pertinebant ad indagandam rationem empiricam hominum consociationum ac [[demographia]]e. Cum vero ratione novae non essent inventae". I'm sorry but this should be reverted because the meaning is completely changed. I didn't want to say they investigated the ''empirical laws of sociology and demography", but that they investigated sociology and demography '''with the empirical method''', which was the real innovation. (Also, I suppose you mistyped "rationes", correct?) ::This 'with/by the empirical method' could be the bare ablative or perhaps ''per rationem empiricam'' or as actually used by Celsius: ''in usu tantum et experimentis positus'' (says Cassell's). :::I prefer the bare ablative, I gotta say. I think I see a divergence in that you're much keener on preferring Classical words. Is there any agreed upon guideline on this? * You seem to have substituted all instance of "methodos" with "ratio". Though I'd say the word fits indeed, was there a particular reason you found "methodos" to be unapt? ::It's not in Cassell's, which, for 'method', gives ''ratio, via, modus, ars.'' :::I see, however it is indeed a word, attested even as early as Vitruvius. See De Architectura, 1-1-4: ''difficilesque symmetriarum quaestiones geometricis rationibus et methodis inveniuntur''. * Is there a reason you pluralised "studi" to "studiorum"? The "quorum omnium" in the penultimate sentence was meant torefer to the ''mathematicians'', it isn't an adjective of "studi". ::''Studi'' isn't a word, so I was puzzled, and puzzlement is a dangerous state before the morning's coffee has kicked in. :::<sup>(Bruh, you should have some coffee in your sleep just so you're ready once you open Vicipaedia)</sup> How is it not though? Genitive singular of ''studium'', with contraction of the -ii ending. * Finally, is there a reason you edited "vigesimo" to "vicensimo"? Again, my dictionary marks both as attested. ::''Vice(n)simus'' is the ''preferred'' form in Cassell's and Allen & Greenough and Traupman, the ''only'' form in Gildersleeve, and the ''prevailing'' form in Vicipaedia. Many of the extant examples of ''vigesimus'' here come from the keyboard of a single editor, long absent. :::I see, I will conform! And that's all, vale! [[Usor:Toadino2|<span style="color:grey">''Toadino2''</span><span style="color:red">''日本''</span>]] [[Disputatio usoris:Toadino2|<span style="color:green">Velisne</span><span style="color:grey"> theam</span><span style="color:red">fungi sapore?</span>]] 22:44, 29 Ianuarii 2024 (UTC) ::It's a useful additon, and please add more! Another 1500 octeti or so will gain us a point for this article on the list of the 10,000 most important topics at Meta! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 01:56, 30 Ianuarii 2024 (UTC) :::Wish I could but unfortunately the book I used as the source (an introductory stats textbook I bought four years ago) doesn't say a lot more :( I mean, I could try being more verbose, but there's no need - I have plenty of books in my pipeline ready to be poured into Vicipaedia and that'll get us a ''ton'' of octeti. --[[Usor:Toadino2|<span style="color:grey">''Toadino2''</span><span style="color:red">''日本''</span>]] [[Disputatio usoris:Toadino2|<span style="color:green">Velisne</span><span style="color:grey"> theam</span><span style="color:red">fungi sapore?</span>]] 16:33, 30 Ianuarii 2024 (UTC) :::Interesting discussion. Would you allow me to add a comment, Iacobe? Cassell's, though evidently a very good and very handy guide, is not all-sufficient. Lewis & Short, among the sources available at [https://logeion.uchicago.edu/ Logeion], is useful for giving contexts (or at least precise citations): we sometimes need those if only to check whether the 19th century English of both dictionaries really corresponds to the meaning and nuance we need. :::I'm skimming Procopius's ''Wars''. Yesterday I noticed a footnote in the Loeb edition: describing a stony defensive mound, Procopius cites a Latin term, ''agesta'', which the Loeb editor Dewing explains with the real Latin "agger". I don't believe it, that's not close enough, I said to myself. So, remembering "suggestus", I looked at Logeion and found that there really was a Latin "aggestus", with variant "aggestum" cited from the easterner Ammianus Marcellinus. If Procopius heard the plural of the latter, in 6th century pronunciation in which double consonants would have been lost, "agesta" would be what he heard. Entirely irrelevant to my real purpose, I'm afraid, and also to yours, {{Ping|Toadino2}} and Iacobe, except to ask: are "aggestus" and "aggestum" both in Cassell's? [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:49, 30 Ianuarii 2024 (UTC) ::::A compelling conjecture, but none of your suggested spellings is in Cassell's—which is what we'd expect, since Cassell's was compiled to help English-speaking students "in the writing of Latin prose in the manner of Cicero, Caesar[,] or Livy" (preface, p. vii), and Ammianus Marcellinus & Procopius represent eras & writing styles popular centuries later. I didn't need to check whether ''magistratio'' is in Cassell's, since the word just doesn't "look right" for prose of the Golden Age (in fact, it's not there). Your comments are always welcome! Well, ''almost'' always. :) No time for more at the moment. Later! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:00, 30 Ianuarii 2024 (UTC) :::::Quite true, Iacobe, Cassell's has a job to do. This responds to a question just raised above by {{Ping|Toadino2}}: yes, we have a guideline, and yes, we prefer classical vocabulary and style wherever possible. (For things and ideas that had not been conceived in the classical period, we may well look beyond: to scientific Latin for example.) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 21:18, 30 Ianuarii 2024 (UTC) == Ancient Greek Wikipedia approval == Hi! I am sorry to bother you but I was wondering whether you could possibly sign [https://www.change.org/p/authorize-the-classical-greek-wikipedia?utm_medium=custom_url&utm_source=share_petition&recruited_by_id=69320297-a0f9-489c-a5ab-766152726b18 this] petition in order to get the Wikipedia in Ancient Greek approved and also vote [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/grc/%CE%9A%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%94%CE%AD%CE%BB%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82 here]. Thank you so much for your help. --[[Usor:Jon Gua|Jon Gua]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jon Gua|disputatio]]) 11:10, 19 Februarii 2024 (UTC) == The middle of Lake Como == Hi, Iacobe. I'm thinking of saving your time here ... A quicker way with [[Centrum Lacus Comensis|this page]] might have been to mark it <nowiki>{{Latinitas|-6}}</nowiki> or <nowiki>{{Latinitas|-7}}</nowiki>, either of which, with all those errors, it surely deserves. It then gets deleted after a week or so. [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 09:55, 26 Martii 2024 (UTC) :Again, I don't want the Genshin to waste your time. If they (or anyone) should add an alternative lemma without a source, I will delete it, as I have done at Corea and at the Chinese two-state article, and I suggest you do the same :) [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 15:31, 5 Aprilis 2024 (UTC) ::No problem. Delete away! Sometimes when I'm editing early in the day, it doesn't matter what the subject is, as I may be only half-awake, waiting for the morning's caffeine to kick in! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 17:44, 5 Aprilis 2024 (UTC) :::The strange thing is, everything you do, whether in the matutinal mental state that you describe or post-caffeine or post-prandial or after a very good dinner, suits Vicipaedia perfectly. Don't stop! [[Usor:Andrew Dalby|Andrew Dalby]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby|disputatio]]) 18:04, 5 Aprilis 2024 (UTC) ::::LOL. One doesn't plan to stop, but life can intervene. The past year or so, after more than a year of creating a new page every day from the list of 10,000 most important articles, I've mostly refrained from creating new pages, but I have a list of lives that I'd like to write. Maybe someday! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 19:47, 5 Aprilis 2024 (UTC) == Itteras scholae == In {{Diff||3726726}}, quid significat "itteras"? Num vocabulum Latinum est? Fortasse nonne vis "litteras" scribere? Ego usor igontus emendare non possum, ergo quaeso emenda. [[Specialis:Conlationes/184.146.170.127|184.146.170.127]] 22:44, 15 Iunii 2024 (UTC) :Care usor "igonte": dictum factum. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 10:58, 16 Iunii 2024 (UTC) == Custos paginarum nuper mutatarum == {| style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #ffa500; background-color: #fdffe7; margin: 1em auto 1.5em auto; border-radius: .75em; box-shadow: 8px 8px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2);" |- | style="padding: .25em .5em .25em 1em; box-sizing: content-box; text-align: center; width: 100px;" | [[Imago:Oversighter Barnstar.svg|100x150px|center|Custos Paginarum Nuper Mutatarum]] | style="padding: .25em 1em .25em .5em;" | <div style="border-bottom: 1px solid #ffa500; padding: 0 0 .25em 0; font-size: x-large; font-weight: bold;">Custos Paginarum Nuper Mutatarum – IacobusAmor</div> ''Haec stella Vicipaedianos protegit qui [[Specialis:Nuper mutata|paginas nuper mutatas]] tuentur et custodiunt.'' --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 15:33, 7 Octobris 2024 (UTC) |} Gratias tibi ago, Iacobe, quia paginas nuper mutatas semper inspicis. Hanc [[Vicipaedia:Gratulatio|gratulationem]] a me accipe. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 15:33, 7 Octobris 2024 (UTC) == Alexander Reis == Salve Iacobe, Commentationem “[[Alexander Reis]]” meliorem fecisti, attamen pagina videtur e spam InterViciali oriri et verisimiliter delenda est. Si dissentis, scribe sententiam tuam in [[Disputatio:Alexander Reis|pagina disputationis]]. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:10, 13 Octobris 2024 (UTC) == Fier article == @[[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] Hi IacobusAmor! I have created the article for the city of Fier in Albania and I used its correct name in Latin found in sources on the internet, one in an archive article, and the other in a book formatted as PDF. But I have used a translator to translate the content from English to Latin, so I would ask you can you view the original content I used in English, on this link on Dropbox: https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/9295rfp91fye2j01vgcia/fier_english_to_latin.docx?rlkey=s54bxvksod1mn59h76i64gvo8&st=hkl2n1bi&dl=0 and write it correctly in Latin on the article for Fier, so the article will be correct in Latin. Thanks [[Usor:LevaneNevale|LevaneNevale]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:LevaneNevale|disputatio]]) 18:27, 20 Novembris 2024 (UTC) == Mandatum ''Implementation''? == Salve. Gratias ago pro emendatis a te in commentatione [[PHP]], et si quae emendabis. Modo certissimum fieri volo, an consilio vocabulo "mandatum" pro Anglico ''implementation'' (nota, non ''instruction'') utaris. [[Usor:Arbarulo|Arbarulo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Arbarulo|disputatio]]) 18:53, 5 Decembris 2024 (UTC) == Thank you for being a medical contributors! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> {| style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;" |rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;" | [[File:Wiki Project Med Foundation logo.svg|130px]] |style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;" |'''The 2024 Cure Award''' |- | style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;" |In 2024 you '''[[mdwiki:WikiProjectMed:WikiProject_Medicine/Stats/Top_medical_editors_2024_(all)|were one of the top medical editors in your language]]'''. Thank you from [[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med]] for helping bring free, complete, accurate, up-to-date health information to the public. We really appreciate you and the vital work you do! Wiki Project Med Foundation is a [[meta:Wikimedia_thematic_organizations|thematic organization]] whose mission is to improve our health content. '''[[meta:Wiki_Project_Med#People_interested|Consider joining for 2025]]''', there are no associated costs. Additionally one of our primary efforts revolves around translating health content. We invite you to '''[https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/index.php try our new workflow]''' if you have not already. Our dashboard automatically [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/Translation_Dashboard/leaderboard.php collects statistics] of your efforts and we are working on [https://mdwiki.toolforge.org/fixwikirefs.php tools to automatically improve formating]. |} Thanks again :-) -- [[mdwiki:User:Doc_James|<span style="color:#0000f1">'''Doc James'''</span>]] along with the rest of the team at '''[[m:WikiProject_Med|Wiki Project Med Foundation]]''' 06:24, 26 Ianuarii 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Doc James@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Top_Other_Language_Editors_2024&oldid=28172893 --> == Sorry == My mistake, I accidentaly pressed rollback. However, you added a link there that is actively cross-wiki spammed, and seen the behaviour and precedent elsewhere may end up on the global spam blacklist. Again, my apologies for the revert. [[Usor:Beetstra|Beetstra]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Beetstra|disputatio]]) 14:50, 26 Ianuarii 2025 (UTC) :OK. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 14:58, 26 Ianuarii 2025 (UTC) == Disputatio duarum rerum == Salve Iacobe, concede mihi, ut duas res exprimerem, quae me premunt: 1) Diebus ultimis mihi idea venit, ut paginas dierum, quas corrigo, singula imagine ad eventum primum paginis pertinentem ornarem. Ideo, mihi videtur, paginae "visum singularem" accipient. Oculis meis locatio ad sinistram, immediate iuxta eventum correspondentem, magis placet quam in angulum sub calendarium. (Confer [[6 Aprilis]] vel [[7 Aprilis]]!) 2) Inscriptiones imaginum tu semper puncto concludis. Si bene memini, olim decretum est, ut solas sententias completas, non alia verba vel gregem verborum puncto concluderemus. Sed proelia editoria in paginis a me redactis evitare volo. [[Usor:Bis-Taurinus|Bis-Taurinus]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Bis-Taurinus|disputatio]]) 22:37, 6 Aprilis 2025 (UTC) == Create a page for Peshkopi - Penestae in Latin == @[[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] Hi dear IacobusAmor! I am from Albania and I have a request. I want to ask you please can you create a page for Peshkopi: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshkopi ,(Penestae in Latin) on Latin Wiki. I have asked Andrew Dalby to create it and he didn't created it. So I would be very grateful to you if you will create it yourself. Thanks [[Usor:NevaleLevane|NevaleLevane]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:NevaleLevane|disputatio]]) 16:29, 22 Aprilis 2025 (UTC) == De anno et tempore in nova formula {{[[Formula:Opus|Opus]]}} == Hi Iacobus! The {{Fn|Opus}} template is still experimental, but I made it automatically create internal links to the dates specified. And so when you see in a page <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Opus ... | annus = 1687 ... }}</syntaxhighlight> there is no need that [[Specialis:Diff/3886645/3886672|you surround the year in square brackets]], because the template will do it for you! {{tpe|En passant}} I would be happy if you had suggestions/improvements concerning the output format chosen by the {{Fn|Opus}} template! --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 16:54, 23 Aprilis 2025 (UTC) == Request for translation == Hello! I was looking over your 100wikidays and I am nothing short of impressed. I am wondering if you also do translations (?) Here is the Main metapage of my community: [[:m:PPC|Pilipinas_Panorama_Community]]. I would be so honored to have Latin among our translated languages. Sincerely, [[User:Buszmail|Buszmail]] 15:59, 4 Iulii 2025 (UTC) == Roberti Badinter Paginae Recensus == Ave ! Legisti Roberti Badinter paginam, quam scripsi. Quamquam latinis graecisque litteris studeo, haud dudum incepi scribere in vicipaedia. Non optimus sum. Tibi gratias ago pro recensibus tuis. Addidi informationes a franca pagina. Estne melius ? Quid significat "2 [[Vicipaedia:Latinitas|Latinitas]]" ? Nunc, meretne iterum "2 [[Vicipaedia:Latinitas|Latinitas]]" ? [[Robertus Badinter]] Tibi gratias ago pro responso tuo. Vale ! :-) [[Usor:Tomtom121123|Tomtom121123]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Tomtom121123|disputatio]]) 17:17, 12 Iulii 2025 (UTC) == De formulis variadicis == Salve, Iacobe. Titulum [[Specialis:Diff/3907336/3907352|tuae recensionis vacuae]] vidi (‘Quid significat "variadica"?’). Adiectivum est neologismus mathematicus, qui, exemplaria “{{wikten|monadicus}} {{pna|a|um}}”, “[[:en:p-adic number|p-adicus]] {{pna|a|um}}” et cetera imitans, functiones indicat quae numerum varium argumentorum accipiunt. Et similes sunt nostrae formulae vicitextuales variadicae. Exempli gratia, formula {{Fn|ISBN}} est variadica, quia numerum varium argumentorum accipit: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ISBN|978-1-4133-0454-1}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ISBN|978-1-4133-0454-1}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ISBN|978-1-4133-0454-1|978-1-4133-0454-1}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ISBN|978-1-4133-0454-1|978-1-4133-0454-1}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ISBN|978-1-4133-0454-1|978-1-4133-0454-1|978-1-4133-0454-1}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ISBN|978-1-4133-0454-1|978-1-4133-0454-1|978-1-4133-0454-1}} * Et cetera --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:46, 17 Augusti 2025 (UTC) == Schola evangelica (Smyrna) == Hello, IacobusAmor. Please correct the [[Schola evangelica (Smyrna)]] article. The school was not destroyed or even damaged in 1922. The building is intact. The Greek school closed after the flight of all Greeks from Izmir in 1922. It was reopened as a Turkish school in 1924 called ([[:en:Namık Kemal High School]]/[[:tr:Namık Kemal Lisesi (İzmir)]]. Please correct the article and rewrite the ultimate fate of this school. Yours sincerely, [[Specialis:Conlationes/&#126;2025-67140-0|&#126;2025-67140-0]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:&#126;2025-67140-0|talk]]) 13:34, 21 Septembris 2025 (UTC) :OK? [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 20:00, 21 Septembris 2025 (UTC) ::Thank you very much. [[Specialis:Conlationes/&#126;2025-69019-8|&#126;2025-69019-8]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:&#126;2025-69019-8|talk]]) 10:21, 22 Septembris 2025 (UTC) == Paulus Papa VI == Iacobe, quid est [[Paulus Papa VI|haec pagina]]? Possumne delere? --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 11:18, 20 Novembris 2025 (UTC) :??? Paulus VI (ut vulgo appellatur) fuit dux Ecclesiae Catholicae ab anno 1963 ad annum 1978. Eius plena nominis forma Latina more ecclesiastico est ''Paulus Papa VI,'' vel etiam ''Paulus Pater Patrum VI,'' saepe ''Paulus PP. VI'' scripta; similiter pro cardinalibus, ut cum Leo Papa XIV esset ''[[Leo XIV|Robertus Franciscus Cardinalis Prevost]].'' [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 11:39, 20 Novembris 2025 (UTC) :: Quaerebam quia redirectio erat male scripta. Nunc [[Specialis:Diff/3926286/3926319|correxi]]. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 11:42, 20 Novembris 2025 (UTC) == De formula {{[[Formula:Augenda|Augenda]]}} == Salve Iacobe. Hoc nuntium iam in [[Special:PermanentLink/3944826|summario meae ultimae recensionis]] scripsi, sed hic augere volo cum exemplis. Formula {{[[Formula:Augenda|Augenda]]}} categorias vestigatorias menstruas sine limite auget—e.g. [[:Categoria:Augenda a mense Februario 2026]]—idcirco adhibenda est tantummodo in paginis vero augendis. Si pagina fontibus caret, formulam {{[[Formula:Pagina fontibus carens|Pagina fontibus carens]]}} inserere potes: '''Vicitextus:''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Fontibus carens}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {{Fontibus carens|propositum=exhibitio}} Si formula de quodam vitio peculiari caremus, formula generalis est <code>{{[[Formula:Facienda|Facienda]]|Monitus 1|Monitus 2|...|Monitus N}}</code>. E.g. '''Vicitextus:''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{Facienda | Malus titulus corrigendus est | Pagina in plures paragraphos dividenda est | Nomina hominum sunt latinizanda | Et cetera }}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {{Facienda|propositum=exhibitio | Malus titulus corrigendus est | Pagina in plures paragraphos dividenda est | Nomina hominum sunt latinizanda | Et cetera }} [[Vicipaedia:Index formularum]], [[:Categoria:Formulae de rebus corrigendis]] et [[:Categoria:Formulae monituum nuntiorumque]] alias formulas similes numerant. Si putas nos quandam formulam carere, a me petere potes ut creem. Spero hoc utile fore. Vale! --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 14:45, 23 Februarii 2026 (UTC) == Ignosce mihi == Forgive me, Iacobe, [[Specialis:Diff/3946267/3946272|here]] and [[Specialis:Diff/3946269/3946273|here]] I though you had added those warnings to our new “Adumbratio” namespace, but I realized only afterwards that when you added these templates they were still in the main namespace. My bad. --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 01:01, 4 Martii 2026 (UTC) :No problem. Carry on! Excelsior! :) [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 13:36, 4 Martii 2026 (UTC) == “Haec” vel “quae” == Modificationem tuam vidi paginae de [[Adumbratio:Ascalon|Ascalone]], et quaestionem habeo. Quando bonum est vocabulum “haec” uti, et quando “quae”? Tiro sum, multa igitur mihi discenda. Vale. -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 18:52, 14 Martii 2026 (UTC) == dubsig in pagina de Ascalone == Salve Iacobe! Animadverto hanc formulam in sectione quae vocatur “Parcus Nationalis Ascalonis” te addidisse. In ea sectione scribere volui de loco qui Anglice [[w:en:Ashkelon National Park|“Ashkelon National Park”]] vocatur. Vale! -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 15:05, 12 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :[[Saeptum Nationale Ascalonense]]? [[Hortus Nationalis Ascalonensis]]? (Quid est ''parcus,'' res cui aliquis pepercit?) Vide "[[Saeptum nationale]]" et eius disputationem. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 19:42, 12 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::Correxi. Gratis tibi ago! Vale, -[[Usor:Archaeocursor|Archaeocursor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Archaeocursor|disputatio]]) 21:08, 13 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :::Macte! [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 23:00, 13 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) == Castellum Poseidon == Non video quid huic articulo deficiat. Existimo eum perfecte exigit Wikipediae. Si consentis, potesne tollere observationem negativam? Gratias antehac.[[Usor:Andries Van den Abeele|Andries Van den Abeele]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andries Van den Abeele|disputatio]]) 16:36, 30 Iunii 2026 (UTC) == Castellum Poseidon == Non video quid huic articulo deficiat. Existimo eum perfecte exigit Wikipediae. Si consentis, potesne tollere observationem negativam? Gratias antehac. [[Usor:Andries Van den Abeele|Andries Van den Abeele]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Andries Van den Abeele|disputatio]]) 16:37, 30 Iunii 2026 (UTC) ==[[Keiko Fujimori]] prose: "It is the first time that" vs "The first( women, etc) who" == I hope that you are aware of this phrase "It is the first time" as it(better prose) expressed in Latin as "[[https://logeion.uchicago.edu/primum Primum]]"? This is in contrast to the same frequently being expressed as "the first to" as "primum/prima mulier quae (praeses etc)". If you strongly prefer the latter then I'd like to know. I would prefer the former. Thanks for looking into this in advance.---[[Usor:Jondel|Jondel]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Jondel|disputatio]]) 04:02, 6 Iulii 2026 (UTC) == Carolus: Cur titulus italicus? == Salve, Iacobe! Cur titulum paginae “[[Carolus]]” [[Specialis:Diff/3981603/3981656|fecisti]] italicum? --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 15:20, 16 Augusti 2026 (UTC) :In linguistics & general writing (at least in English), styleguides italicize words cited as words: ::[[Carolus III (rex Britanniarum)|Carolus III]] est [[Britanniarum Regnum|Rex Britanniarum]], et eius nomen Latinum est ''Carolus.'' ::[[Leo XIV]] est [[Episcopus Romanus]], sed eius nomen familiare est ''Robertus.'' :Carolus et Leo sunt homines in orbe [[realitas|reali]] habitantes; ''Carolus'' autem et ''Leo'' sunt eorum nomina (quae neque videri neque tangi possunt). Confer etiam hoc lemma: '''Wolfgangus Amadeus Mozartus''' (nomine baptizatus ''Ioanne Chrysostomo Wolfgango Theophilo Mozarto''), usw. [[Usor:IacobusAmor|IacobusAmor]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:IacobusAmor|disputatio]]) 01:03, 17 Augusti 2026 (UTC) :: Intellego. Nescio tamen quid nobis hac de re faciendum sit. Nomina apud Vicipaediam Anglicam et alibi non scribuntur typis italicis (e.g. [[:en:Martin (name)]]), sed nobis prorsus licet aliam regulam nostram statuere. Attamen, si hanc conventionem adoptamus, oportebit eam ubique adhibere, atque multae paginae emendandae erunt. Fortasse de hac re in [[Vicipaedia:Taberna|Taberna]] disputandum est. P.S. Formula {{Fn|ores}} (i.e. <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn><cite>...</cite></dfn></syntaxhighlight>) in paginis de operibus adhibetur; si titulus alia ratione typis italicis ostenditur, tum formula {{Fn|ires}} (i.e. <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn>...</dfn></syntaxhighlight>) adhibenda est. Vale! --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 18:27, 17 Augusti 2026 (UTC) tfd8wrlmt52tljh9n271rleefj55amr 19 Augusti 0 14386 3981799 3846319 2026-08-17T16:29:12Z Bis-Taurinus 70496 Solitas emendationes feci. 3981799 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Calendarium-Augusti}} '''19 Augusti''' [[dies]] 231ª anni est (232ª [[Annus bisextilis|annis bisextilibus]]) in [[Calendarium Gregorianum|calendario Gregoriano]]. 134 dies manent. Secundum [[calendarium Romanum]] est '''ante diem quartum decimum Kalendas Septembris''', quod a.d. XIV Kal. Sept. [[abbreviatio|abbreviatur]]. [[Fasciculus:Pintoricchio 012.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.46|[[Pius II]] papa]] == Eventa == === Saeculo 15 === * [[1458]] - [[Pius II]] [[papa]] eligitur. === Saeculo 18=== * [[1777]] - [[Franciscus I (rex Utriusque Siciliae)|Franciscus I]], rex Utriusque Siciliae (†&nbsp;[[1830]]) === Saeculo 19 === * [[1872]] — [[Anscharius II (rex Sueciae)|Anscharius II]] ([[1829]] - [[1907]]) [[Suecia]]e [[Norvegia]]eque rex fit. === Saeculo 20 === * [[1948]] - [[Consilium securitatis]] resolutionem 56 de re [[Palaestina]]e decernit. * [[1989]] - [[Sopronium|Sopronii]] aulaeum ferreum inter [[Hungaria]] et [[Austria]] erectum aliquas horas aperitur, quare centena cives [[Res publica democratica Germanica|reipublicae democraticae Germanicae]] ad occidentem fugere possunt. * [[1991]] - [[Moscovia]]e fautores communismi frustra rerum potiri conantur et breve tempus [[Michael Gorbačëv|Michaelem Gorbačëv]] in custodia tenent. == Nati == === Saeculo 3 === * [[232]] - [[Probus|Marcus Aurelius Probus]], imperator [[Imperium Romanum|Romanus]] (mortuus anno [[282]]) === Saeculo 17 === * [[1631]] - [[Ioannes Dryden]], scriptor [[Anglia|Anglicus]] (mortuus anno [[1700]]) === Saeculo 18 === * [[1743]] - [[Ioanna Du Barry|Comitissa Ioanna Du Barry]] (mortua anno [[1793]]) === Saeculo 19 === * [[1819]] - [[Iulius van Zuylen van Nijevelt]], primus minister [[Nederlandia]]e (mortuus anno [[1894]]) * [[1871]] - [[Fratres Wright|Aurivillius Wright]], aviator [[CFA|Americanus]] (mortuus anno 1948) * [[1878]] - [[Manuel Quezon]], praeses [[Philippinae|Philippinarum]] (mortuus anno [[1944]]) * [[1881]] ** [[Georgius Enescu]], compositor [[Romania|Dacoromanus]] (mortuus anno [[1955]]) ** [[Kingsley Wood]], rerum politicarum peritus [[Britanniarum Regnum|Britannicus]] factionis [[Factio Conservativa (Britanniarum Regnum)|Conservativae]] (mortuus anno [[1943]]) * [[1883]] ** [[Coco Chanel]], creatrix morum [[Francia|Francica]] (mortua [[1971]]) ** [[Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp]], Sueciae primus minister (mortuus anno [[1954]]) * 1894 - [[Ludovicus Padilla Nervo]], rerum politicarum peritus [[Mexicum|Mexici]] (mortuus anno [[1985]]) === Saeculo 20 === * [[1913]] - [[Antonius Pocius]], [[compositor]], regens chori et organista [[Lituania|Lituanicus]] (mortuus anno [[1983]]) * [[1924]] - [[Willard Boyle]], [[physicus]] Americo-[[Canada|Canadiensis]], [[Praemium Nobelianum physicae|praemio Nobeliano physicae]] affectus (mortuus anno [[2011]]) * [[1930]] - [[Franciscus McCourt]], scriptor Americanus (mortuus anno [[2009]]) * [[1932]] - [[Lucius Magri]], [[diurnarius]] et rerum politicarum peritus [[Italia]]nus (a seipso necatus anno 2011) * [[1946]] - [[Gulielmus Clinton]], praeses Civitatum Foederatarum Americae * [[1947]] - [[Rogerius Shaler Bagnall]], [[rerum gestarum scriptor]] Americanus et antiquorum [[Papyrologia|papyrorum]] peritus * [[1951]] - [[Ioannes Lucas Mélenchon]], rerum politicarum peritus Francicus et fundator factionis [[Francia non submissa|Franciae non submissae]] (''La France insoumise'') * [[1952]] - [[Dino Boffo]], diurnarius Italicus * [[1953]] - [[Ioannes Moretti]], illustris [[histrio]], [[pellicula]]rum factor et [[moderator cinematographicus]] Italicus * [[1957]] - [[Caesar Prandelli]], pedilusor Italicus * [[1963]] - [[Ioannes Stamos]], histrio Americanus * [[1965]] - [[Maria de Medeiros]], actrix [[Portugallia|Lusitana]] * [[1968]] - [[Nicolaus Caclamanaces]], athleta [[Graecia|Graecus]] * [[1969]] - [[Matthaeus Perry]], actor Americanus * [[1973]] - [[Marcus Materazzi]], pedilusor Italicus * [[1982]] - [[Erica Christensen]], actrix Americana * 1983 - [[Reeva Steenkamp]], ostentatrix et televisionis ductrix [[Africa Australis|Africae Australis]] (anno [[2013]] necata a sponso suo, athleta [[Anscharius Pistorius|Anschario Pistorio]]) * [[1986]] - [[Christina Perri]], compositrix et musicae perita Americana == Mortui == === Saeculo 1 === * [[14]] - [[G. Iulius Caesar Octavianus Augustus|Octavianus Augustus]], Romanus Imperator (natus [[63 a.C.n.]]) === Saeculo 5 === * [[440]] - [[Sixtus III]] papa (natus ignoto anno) === Saeculo 12 === * [[1186]] - [[Galfridus II (dux Britanniae)|Galfridus II]], dux [[Britannia Minor|Britanniae]] (natus anno [[1158]]) === Saeculo 15 === * [[1493]] - [[Fridericus III]], [[Imperator Romanus Sacer]] (natus anno [[1415]]) === Saeculo 16 === * [[1580]] - [[Andreas Palladius]], architectus Italicus (natus anno [[1508]]) === Saeculo 17 === * [[1662]] - [[Blasius Pascalis]], philosophus et mathematicus Francicus (natus anno [[1623]]) * [[1680]] - [[Ioannes Eudes]], sanctus sacerdos catholicus et fundator duarum congregationum (*&nbsp;[[1601]]) === Saeculo 20 === * [[1905]] - [[Gulielmus Adolphus Bouguereau]], pictor Francicus (natus anno [[1825]]) * [[1936]] - [[Fridericus García Lorca]], scriptor et poeta [[Hispania|Hispanicus]] (natus anno [[1898]]) * 1954 - [[Alcides De Gasperi]] , praeclarus [[vir publicus]] Italicus (natus 1881) * 1971 - [[Reinholdus Maier]], vir publicus [[Germania]]e et sodalis primo factionis [[DDP]], postea [[FDP]] (natus anno [[1889]]) * [[1977]] - [[Groucho Marx]], histrio et comoedus Americanus (natus anno [[1890]]) * [[1994]] - [[Linus Pauling]], chemicus Americanus, praemiis Nobelianis [[Praemium Nobelianum chemiae|chemiae]] et [[Praemium Nobelianum pacis|pacis]] affectus (natus anno [[1901]]) === Saeculo 21 === * [[2003]] - [[Sergius Vieira de Mello]], [[diplomatia|legatus]] [[Brasilia|Brasiliensis]] (natus [[1948]]) et alii quidam 23 homines inter [[tromocratiam]] in aedibus officii [[Conventus generalis (Nationes Unitae)|Nationum Unitarum]] [[Bagdatum|Bagdati]] necantur. * [[2015]] - [[Egon Bahr]], rerum politicarum peritus Germanicus (natus anno [[1922]]) == Festa et Feriae == * [[Roma antiqua|Romae]] : ''Vinalia rustica'' in honorem vini ac [[Iupiter|Iovis]] habita * Festum Sancti Ioannis Eudes (ecclesia catholica) * [[Dies mundi humanitaria]] ([[Consociatio Nationum]]) {{menses}} [[Categoria:Dies]] bueor4wszc0zkzsmfh3tg2oo8q63vvj Friburgum 0 15063 3981871 2408798 2026-08-17T22:00:00Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981871 wikitext text/x-wiki {{discretiva}} '''Friburgum''': # '''Friburgum''' urbs in [[Germania]] est, vide apud "[[Friburgum Brisgoviae]]"; # '''Friburgum''' urbs in [[Helvetia]] est, vide apud "[[Friburgum (Helvetia)]]"; # '''Friburgum ''' quoque pagus [[Helvetia]]e est, vide apud "[[Friburgum (pagus)]]"; # '''Friburgum''' commune in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e in [[Germania]] est, vide apud "[[Friburgum (Albis)]]". oxj0z4j0a4gkd7c0yi78yt2mv0zcozw 3981873 3981871 2026-08-17T22:01:51Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981873 wikitext text/x-wiki {{discretiva}} '''Friburgum''': # '''Friburgum''' urbs in [[Germania]] est, vide apud "[[Friburgum Brisgoviae]]"; # '''Friburgum''' urbs in [[Helvetia]] est, vide apud "[[Friburgum (Helvetia)]]"; # '''Friburgum ''' quoque pagus [[Helvetia]]e est, vide apud "[[Friburgum (pagus)]]"; # '''Friburgum''' oppidum in [[Saxonia Inferior]]e in [[Germania]] est, vide apud "[[Friburgum (Albis)]]". jpcgqxaix3vbu0y0ytn3uqm2thxi031 15 Augusti 0 15465 3981876 3938790 2026-08-17T22:20:30Z LilyKitty 18316 eventa addo 3981876 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Calendarium-Augusti}} '''15 Augusti''' [[dies]] 227ª anni est (228ª [[Annus bisextilis|anni bisextilis]]) in [[Calendarium Gregorianum|calendario Gregoriano]]. 138 dies manent. Secundum [[calendarium Romanum]] est ''ante diem duodevicesimum Kalendas Septembris'', quod a.d. XVIII Kal. Sept. [[abbreviatio|abbreviatur]]. == Eventa == [[Fasciculus:Monumento batalla de Roncesvalles.JPG|thumb|upright=0.4|left|[[Monumentum]] [[Proelium apud Rozaballes|proelii apud Rozaballes facti]]]] === Saeculo 8 === * [[778]] - [[Proelium apud Rozaballes]] fit. === Saeculo 12 === * [[1118]] - [[Ioannes II Comnenus]] post mortem [[Alexius I Comnenus|patris]] (vide infra) [[Imperatores Constantinopolitani|imperator]] [[Imperium Romanum Orientale|Romanorum orientalium]] fit. === Saeculo 13 === *[[1248]] - Initium constructionis [[Ecclesia cathedralis (Colonia Agrippina)|ecclesiae cathedralis]] in Colonia Agrippina fit. === Saeculo 16 === * [[1539]] - Edictum [[Franciscus I (rex Franciae)|Francisci I]] regis [[Francia]]e promulgatur, ut scripta omnia regni lingua Francogallica compendenda essent. * [[1549]] - [[Franciscus Xaverius]] in [[Iaponia]]m pervenit. === Saeculo 18 === * [[1760]] - Pugna apud [[Lignitium]] inter [[Borussia]]m et [[Austria]]m fit: Exercitus [[Fridericus II (rex Borussiae)|Friderici II]] regis Borussiae milites [[Maria Theresia Austriaca (imperatrix)|Mariae Theresiae]] imperatricis vincit. Plus quam decem milia militum necantur. === Saeculo 20 === * [[1914]] - [[Canalis Panamensis]] constituitur. * [[1945]] - [[Hirohito]] imperator Iaponiae oratione per [[phonodiscus|phonodiscos]] a prima [[radiophonia]] divulgata Iaponiam [[Bellum Orbis Terrarum II|bello orbis terrarum II]] victam esse nuntiat apud declarationem [[Potestampium|Potestapiensem]]. Cum victoribus de pace faciendo agendum esse. * [[1947]] - [[India]] libera est. * [[1960]] - [[Respublica Congensis]] a Francia libertatem adipiscitur. * [[1971]] - [[Charta argentaria|Chartae argentariae]] propter inopiam [[CFA]] non iam in aurum converti possunt. * [[1989]] - [[Fredericus Gulielmus de Klerk]] praeses [[Africa Australis|Africae Australis]] magistratum init. ===Saeculo 21=== * [[2007]] - [[Seismus]] magnitudine 8.0 in [[Peruvia]] fit. * [[2021]] - [[Ašraf Ġanī]], praeses [[Afgania]]e, in exsilium it, dum [[interceptio regiminis]] a [[Taliban]]is fit. * [[2026]] - [[Terrae motus]] magnitudine 7.7 in [[Indonesia]] fit, quod plus quam 47 homines necati sunt.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5y0zz63gero Poweful magnitude 7.7 earthquake kills at least 47 in Indonesia]</ref> == Nati == === Saeculo 13 === * [[1255]] - [[Mattheus Vicecomes]], dominus [[Mediolanum|Mediolani]] (†&nbsp;[[1322]]) === Saeculo 15 === * [[1432]] - [[Ludovicus Pulci]], poeta [[Italia|Italicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1484]]) === Saeculo 18 === * [[1726]] - [[Carolus Antonius de Martini]], [[iuris consultus]] Austriacus (†&nbsp;[[1800]]) * [[1740]] - [[Matthias Claudius]], [[scriptor]] et [[diurnarius]] [[Germania|Germanicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1815]]) * [[1769]] - [[Napoleo I (imperator Francogallorum)|Napoleo I]] imperator [[Francia]]e (†&nbsp;[[1821]]) * [[1771]] - [[Gualterus Scott]], scriptor [[Scotia|Scoticus]] (mortuus [[1832]]) * [[1789]] - [[Thomas De Quincey]], poeta [[Anglia|Anglicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1859]]) === Saeculo 19 === * [[1813]] - [[Iulius Grévy]], praeses Franciae (†&nbsp;[[1891]]) * [[1817]] - [[Iacobus Wilson Henderson]], gubernator [[Texia]]e (†&nbsp;[[1880]]) * [[1858]] ** [[Michael Hainisch]], praeses Austriae (†&nbsp;[[1940]]) ** [[Edith Nesbit]], librorum [[puer]]ilium scriptrix Anglica (†&nbsp;[[1924]]) * [[1860]] - [[Florentia Harding]], Prima Domina [[CFA]] (†&nbsp;[[1924]]) * [[1872]] - [[Aurobindo]], philosophus et mysticus [[India|Indicus]] (†&nbsp;[[1950]]) * [[1879]] - [[Ethel Barrymore]], actrix Americana (†&nbsp;[[1959]]) * [[1890]] - [[Elizabeth Bolden]] (†&nbsp;[[2006]]) * [[1892]] - [[Ludovicus Victor de Broglie]], physicus Francicus, [[Praemium Nobelianum physicae|praemio Nobeliano physicae]] affectus (†&nbsp;[[1987]]) * [[1896]] - [[Gerty Cori]], biochemica Austro-Americana, [[Praemium Nobelianum physiologiae et medicinae|praemio Nobeliano medicinae]] affecta (†&nbsp;[[1957]]) === Saeculo 20 === * [[1912]] ** [[Iulia Child]], coqua et scriptrix coquina Americana (†&nbsp;[[2004]]) ** [[Guido Morselli]], scriptor Italicus (mortuus [[1973]]) * [[1917]] **[[Anscharius Romero]], [[Urbs Sancti Salvatoris|Urbis Sancti Salvatoris]] [[archiepiscopus]] (†&nbsp;[[1980]]) **[[Yukio Tsuda]], pedilusor Iaponicus (†&nbsp;[[1979]]) * [[1923]] - [[Rose Marie]], actrix Americana (†&nbsp;[[2017]]) * [[1925]] - [[Aldus Ciccolini]], clavista Italo-Francicus (†&nbsp;[[2015]]) * [[1926]] - [[Constantinus Stephanopulus]], praeses [[Graecia]]e (†&nbsp;[[2016]]) * [[1928]] - [[Carolus Ioachim Classen]], sermonum antiquorum [[philologus]] Germanicus (†&nbsp;[[2013]]) * [[1929]] - [[Anna Walentynowicz]], [[Collegium opificum|collegiorum operariorum]] dux [[Polonia|Polonica]] (†&nbsp;[[2010]]) * [[1931]] - [[Ricardus Heck]], chemicus Americanus (†&nbsp;[[2015]]) * [[1933]] - [[Stanley Milgram]], psychologus Americanus (+&nbsp;[[1984]]) * [[1935]] - [[Regina Deforges]], scriptrix mythistoriarum Francica (†&nbsp;[[2014]]) * [[1938]] **[[Bounnhang Vorachith]], praeses [[Laotia]]e **[[Maxina Waters]], rerum politicarum perita Americana factionis [[Factio Democratica (CFA)|Democraticae]] * [[1943]] - [[Eni Fa'aua'a Hunkin Faleomavaega]], vir publicus Americanus e [[Samoa Americana]] (†&nbsp;2017) * [[1945]] - [[Alanus Juppé]], primus minister Franciae * [[1950]] - [[Anna (principissa Britanniarum)|Anna]], principissa [[Britanniarum regnum|Britanniarum Regni]] * [[1954]] - [[Stieg Larsson]], scriptor [[Suecia|Suecicus]] (†&nbsp;[[2004]]) * [[1967]] - [[Mattias Kumm]], professor iurisprudentiae Germanicus * [[1969]] - [[Iulius Minoves]], vir publicus [[Andorra]]e * [[1970]] - [[Masahiro Endo]], [[pedilusor]] Iaponicus * [[1972]] - [[Beniaminus Affleck]], histrio et moderator cinematographicus Americanus * [[1975]] - [[Yoshikatsu Kawaguchi]], pedilusor Iaponicus * [[1976]] - [[Abiy Ahmed Ali]], primus minister [[Aethiopia]]e * [[1990]] - [[Guenevera Lawrence]], actrix Americana == Mortui == === Saeculo 5 === * [[423]] - [[Honorius (imperator)|Honorius]], [[Index Imperatorum Romanorum|imperator Romanus]] (*&nbsp;[[384]]) === Saeculo 12 === * 1118 - Alexius I Comnenus, [[Imperium Romanum Orientale|imperator Byzantinus]] (*&nbsp;[[1048]]) === Saeculo 15 === * [[1464]] - [[Pius II]], [[papa]] (natus [[1405]]) === Saeculo 18 === * [[1799]] - [[Iosephus Parini]], [[abbas]], scriptor et poeta Italicus (*&nbsp;[[1729]]) === Saeculo 19 === * [[1854]] - [[Ioannes Ebbetts]], praecursor [[ California|Californiensis]], primus [[homo]] originis [[Europa]]eae, qui [[Transitus Ebbettsianus|transitum Ebbettsianum]] perfecit === Saeculo 20 === * [[1904]] - [[Ioannes Henricus Kinkead]], gubernator [[Nivata]]e (*&nbsp;[[1826]]) * [[1936]] ** [[Gratia Deledda]], scriptrix Italica (*&nbsp;[[1871]]) ** [[Maria Sacraria]], virgo monialis [[Carmelitae|Carmelitana]] martyr (*&nbsp;[[1881]]) * [[1942]] - [[Mahadev Desai]], [[causidicus]], rerum politicarum peritus Indicus (*&nbsp;1892) * [[1967]] - [[Manuel Prado y Ugarteche]], praeses [[Peruvia]]e (*&nbsp;[[1889]]) * [[1989]] - [[Henricus Krone]], vir publicus Germanicus et sodalis factionis [[CDU]] (*&nbsp;[[1895]]) * [[1996]] - [[Albertus Osswald]], rerum politicarum peritus Germanicus (*&nbsp;[[1919]]) === Saeculo 21 === * 2021 - [[Gerd Müller]], [[pedilusor]] Germanicus (*&nbsp;1945) == Festa et Feriae == * [[Nemoralia|Nemoralium]] Romanorum dies ultima * Dies Libertatis (India, [[Respublica Congensis]]) * Dies Nationalis ([[Respublica Coreae]], [[Lichtenstenum]]) * Dies memoriae finis [[Secundum bellum mundanum|belli]] (Iaponia) * [[Assumptio Beatae Mariae Virginis]] (ecclesia catholica) * Ferragosto{{dubsig}} (Italia) == Notae == <references/> {{menses}} [[Categoria:Dies]] 48hkm5junzzg2k56o1umqf2rr6bq3z5 Aristianis 0 23174 3981812 3869379 2026-08-17T18:04:02Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981812 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Tower in Oristano.jpg|thumb|Aristianis]] '''Aristianis'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150216112911/http://www.ignaziosanna.com/l-arcidiocesi-arborense.html www.ignaziosanna.com]</ref><ref>Nomi d'Italia - AAVV, De Agostini</ref> <ref>[http://www.comune.oristano.it/oristano/export/sites/default/www/Destra/AreeTematiche/ArteCultura/Destra/Argomenti/laciita/destra/Argomenti/Etabizantina.html www.comune.oristano.it]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> {{victio|Aristianis|is|m}} vel '''Oristanum'''<ref name="graesse">{{Graesse}}}</ref><ref>[https://archive.org/stream/faraejohannisfra13fara/faraejohannisfra13fara_djvu.txt "Farae Johannis Francisci sassarensis De chorographia Sardiniae : libri duo De rebus sardois : libri quatuor ex recensione Victorii Angius ex S.P. R.T.S.A.S.A.L. : tomus primus : L. II. Chorog. continens, additio lexico ejusdem et oratione de laudibus auctoris"]</ref> {{victio|Oristanum|i|n}} (olim fortasse: ''Othaca''; alia nomina<ref name="graesse" />: ''Arborea, Arbarea, Arbora, Arvorea, Aquae Neapolitanae, Eborea, Neapolis, Oristana'') ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Oristano|Oristano]]''; [[Lingua Sarda|Sarde]]: ''[[:sc:Aristanis|Aristanis]]'') est [[Urbes Italiae|Urbs]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 31&thinsp;610 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|regione]] et insula [[Sardinia]] et caput [[Provincia Arborensis|Provinciae Arborensis]] situm. Urbani ''Arborenses''<ref name="CathHier">Cf. {{CathHierDiocese|oris|Archidioecesis Arborensis}}</ref><ref name="graesse" /> (etiam: ''Oristanenses''<ref>[http://cataloghistorici.bdi.sbn.it/file_viewer.php?IDIMG=132821&IDCAT=98&IDGRP=980196&LEVEL=&PADRE=&PROV=INT Nomina alumnorum Collegii Oristanensis Scholarum Piarum]</ref><ref>[http://www.naturamediterraneo.com/forum/pop_printer_friendly.asp?TOPIC_ID=98207 ]{{Nexus deficit|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>[https://books.google.it/books?id=W06alblIhhQC&pg=RA1-PA39&lpg=RA1-PA39&dq=%22Oristanensis%22&source=bl&ots=tD0M2CrJOO&sig=hAeUjepwyGq3wkxy6cJBNw2EEdw&hl=it&sa=X&ved=0CDgQ6AEwBmoVChMIsMSR2ZykxwIVxLQUCh3dLA4k#v=onepage&q=%22Oristanensis%22&f=false Dictionnaire universel françois et latin, contenant la signification et la définition tant des mots de l'une et de l'autre langue... que des termes propres de chaque état et de chaque profession ; la description de toutes les choses naturelles et artificielles... ; l'explication de tout ce que renferment les sciences et les arts... Avec des remarques d'érudition... par la Compagnie des libraires associés, 1752]</ref>) appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di città.svg|''[[Urbs Italiae]]''<ref>Anno [[1479]]: urbs fuit una de septem regis civitatibus Iberici Regni Sardiniae</ref> </gallery> == Geographia == Aristianis in parte ad occasum versus [[insula]]e [[Sardinia]]e est. Municipium in [[Campidanus Arborensis|Campidano Arborensi]] historica ac geographica terra situm. == Historia == Oristanum a [[Imperium Romanum Orientale|Byzantiniis]] anno [[1070]] cum nomine ''Aristianis'' condita est. == Clari cives == === Hic vixerunt === * [[Alienora de Arborea]] == Aedificia egregia == * Ecclesia cathedralis metropolitana Assumptionis B.M.V.. == Ecclesia Catholica Romana == Aristianis [[sedes episcopalis metropolitana]] [[Ecclesia Catholica Romana|Ecclesiae Catholicae Romanae]] est. Nomen sedis [[Archidioecesis Arborensis]]<ref name="CathHier" /> est. == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == === Fractiones === ''Donigala Fenughedu, Massama, Marina di Torre Grande, Nuraxinieddu, Silì''. == Municipia finitima == {{Div col|cols=3}} * [[Baratilis]], * [[Capra (Italia)|Capra]], * [[Cerdianum]], * [[Fanum Sanctae Iustae (Italia)|Fanum Sanctae Iustae]] (olim [[Othoca]]), * [[Nuragis]], * [[Palma (Sardinia)|Palma]], * [[Sia Maior]], * [[Sia Magna]], * [[Simaxis]], * [[Solarussa]], * [[Villa Urbana]]. {{Div col end}} {{NexInt}} * [[Sardinia]]m (''regionem''), * [[Provincia Arborensis|Provinciam Arborensem]], * [[Campidanus Arborensis|Campidanum Arborensem]] (''terram''), * [[Urbes Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20000915223042/http://www.comune.oristano.it/ Situs Publicus] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} {{CommuniaCat|Oristano|Aristianim}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:Map of comune of Oristano (province of Oristano, region Sardinia, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium Municipii in Provincia Arborensi. Imago:Cattedrale Or.jpg|Vetus imago Ecclesiae Cathedralis. Imago:Sartiglia_02.jpg|Festum ''Sartiglia''. Duomo di oristano, esterno 01.jpg|Ecclesia cathedralis. </gallery> {{Urbes quae sunt capita provinciarum Italicarum}} == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Aristianis| ]] 4yfa5rtcodwwqr01n0ja8h2y2vl8mc7 Quintus Aurelius Symmachus 0 41444 3981807 3981669 2026-08-17T17:14:09Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3981807 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Roma, metà di dittico con un'apoteosi, 400 circa.JPG|thumb|Consecratio Symmachi (ut vulgo putatur). Nam hoc dimidium [[Diptychon consulare|diptychum]] [[ebur|eburneum]] [[Monogramma|monogramma]] Symmachorum fert et circa 400 scalptum est.]] {{res|Quintus Aurelius Symmachus}} signo {{res|Eusebius}} (natus circa annum [[342]] - obiit anno [[402]]/[[403|3]]), filius [[Lucius Aurelius Avianius Symmachus|Lucii Aurelii Avianii Symmachi]] fuit [[Senatus|senator]], [[consul]], [[praefectus urbi Romae]] annis [[384]] et [[385]] et orator. Vulgo pro opulentissimo oratore aetatis suae habitus absque nonnullis ipsi [[Cicero]]ni comparatus est<ref>Etiam ab adversariis ut [[Prudentius]], ''Contra Symmachum'': I.632-642.</ref>. Notus est imprimis commendationis indulgentiae in omnes religiones causa, quam in [[controversia de ara Victoriae]] affirmavit. == De familia == Primus ex illa gente avus Quinti Symmachi, Aurelius Valerius Tullianus Symmachus, [[Consul|consulatus]] insignia “severitatis merito” anno [[330]] accepit; nova familia igitur in ordine senatorio erant Symmachi. Eo magis praerogativas ordinis vindicare visi sunt. Quinti pater Lucius [[Praefectus urbi Romae|praefectus Urbi]] fuit et [[princeps senatus]]: consul designatus circa 377 mortuus est. Quintus sororem unam<ref>''Ep''. VIII.49</ref> et tres fratres habuit qui omnes ante ipsum obierunt<ref>Nam circa 380 de Celsino Titiano ita scripsit: ''tertius hic mihi de optimis fratribus luctus est'' (''ep''. III.6).</ref>. Circa 370 Quintus Rusticianam, filiam praefecti [[Memmius Vitrasius Orfitus|Orfiti]], uxorem duxit. Filia eis fuit ignoto nomine nomine<ref>''Ep''. VI.12, 67, 79</ref> quae [[Nicomachus Flavianus iunior|Nicomacho Flaviano iuniori]] nupsit, ita adfinitatem inter duos e maximis scriptoribus illius aetatis firmans, et aliquanto postea filius [[Quintus Fabius Memmius Symmachus]] operum patris sui editor posthumus. A maioribus multa [[Immobile|bona immobilia]] hereditarie accepit: tres domus Romae, unam [[Capua (urbs antiqua)|Capuae]], quindecim [[villa|villas]] plerumque in Italia meridionali sitas, praedia quoque in [[Samnium|Samnio]], [[Apulia]], [[Sicilia (provincia Romana)|Sicilia]], [[Mauretania (discretiva)|Mauretania]]. Inter tamen senatores modice divites numerabatur et ad munera [[Praetor|praetoria]] filii sui duo milia argenti pondo erogasse dicitur<ref>[[Olympiodorus Thebanus|Olympiodorus]], Fragmentum 44.</ref>. == De cursu honorum == * Annis incertis [[Quaestor|quaesturam]] et [[praetor|praeturam]] gessit. Circa idem tempus [[pontifex |pontifex maior]] cooptatus est<ref>''Epistulae'' I.49, 51 ;II.53 ; IX.147-8.</ref> nec aliud sacerdotium umquam suscepit, quamvis studiosus paganismi defensor<ref>CIL VI, 1699, stela a filio erecta quae cursum honorum Symmachi nobis servavit.</ref>. * 364-5 tum cum pater [[Praefectus urbi Romae|praefectus urbi]] erat ipse corrector [[Lucania|Lucaniae]] et [[Bruttium|Brittiorum]] fit<ref>Cf ''Epistulae'' II.48.</ref>. Tum vetustissimas epistulas scribit quas quidem adhuc habeamus. * anno 369 [[Panegyricus|panegyricos]] [[Valentinianus I|Valentiniani I]] et [[Gratianus|Gratiani]] coram principibus pronuntiat<ref>''Orationes'' I-III.</ref>. In Gallia apud Valentinianum usque ad annum 370 mansit ubi [[Decimus Magnus Ausonius|Ausonium]] cognovit cuius amicitiam coluit<ref>''Epistulae'' I.14 et 32.</ref>. Mox [[comes]] tertii ordinis renuntiatur. * 373-4 [[Fasti proconsulum Africae|proconsul Africae]] fit, officium honorificum sine vera potentia<ref>CIL VIII, 24584 et 5347 inscriptiones in [[Africa (provincia Romana)|Africa]] repertae. Cf ''Epistulae'' VIII.5 et 20. X.1.2-3.</ref>. * anno 376 Gratiani nuntium de morte [[Flavius Maximinus|Maximini]] in senatu recitat<ref>''Epistulae'' I.13 et X.2</ref>. Die 9 Ianuarii orationem ''Pro Trygetio'' in senatu habuit gratias agens quod patrem plebe seditiosa expulsum honorifice revocassent<ref>''Oratio'' V. Cf ''Epistulae'' I.44</ref>. * 377-8 Aegrotavit<ref>''Epistulae'' I.20 et 85. III.47.</ref> * anno 382 legatus senatorum ad Gratianum missus [[Ara Victoriae|aram Victoriae]] in [[Curia Hostilia|curia]] restituendam poscere volebat sed aditu principis prohibitus est<ref>Ambrosius, ''Epistulae'' 17.10</ref> * anno 384 [[Valentinianus II|Valentiniano II]] cum matre [[Iustina]] imperante [[Praefectus urbi Romae|praefectus Urbi]] ''sub aestatis exordio''<ref>''Relatio'' 25.3</ref> fit. Tum iterum arae Victoriae restitutionem petiit<ref>''Relatio'' tertia.</ref> sed ab [[Ambrosius|Ambrosio]] episcopo victus est. Praeterea annonae angustiae eum ad magistratum deponendum incitaverunt (februario 385)<ref>Eventa huius praefecturae ab ipsius ''relationibus'' nota sunt. Vide etiam ''Epistulas'' II.36 et 55, III.28.</ref>. In praefectura [[Augustinus Hipponensis|Augustinum]] magistrum rhetoricae nominavit<ref>''[[Confessiones (Augustinus)|Confessiones]]'' V.13.</ref>. * anno 387 partes usurpatoris [[Magnus Maximus|Magni Maximi]] oratione quidem non armis<ref>[[Gennadius Scholasticus|Gennadius]], ''De Viris illustribus'' 49.</ref> sequitur quo mox a Theodosio victo veniam quidem impetrat (et Theodosio in oratione hodie deperdita gratias agebat<ref>''Epistulae'' II.13, 28, 30-32.</ref>) sed eius dignitas aliquantum imminuta est<ref>[[Libanius]], ''Epistulae'' 1008</ref>. Revera [[Novatianus|Novatianorum]] intercessio episcopi ei saluti fuerat. * iamdiu orator disertissimus velut praeco senatorum erat et anno incerto [[princeps senatus]] publice nominatur<ref>[[Socrates Scholasticus]] V.14.6.</ref> * anno 390 cum Theodosio in gratiam redit et ad [[consul|consulatum ordinarium]] anni proximi designatur<ref>[[Prudentius]], ''[[Contra Symmachum]]'' I.622-5. Cf ''Epistulae'' II.62-4. V.15. IX.149. </ref> * anno 391 gratiarum actionem in aula Mediolani habet sed quia aram Victoriae memoravit a Theodosio ex urbe expellitur. * annis 392-4 ab [[Eugenius|Eugenii]] [[Arbogastes|Arbogastis]]que usurpatione ipse abstinet sed filius quaestor, gener praefectus Urbi sunt et amicus Virius Nicomachus Flavius post cladem sibi mortem voluntariam conscivit. * Usque ad annum 398 in umbra remanet. 396/7 aegrotavit<ref>''Epistulae'' III.38-39, V.58 etc.</ref>, anno 398 plebe irata expulsus est ac postea revocatus<ref>''Epistulae'' VI.66, VIII.64-5, IX.81.</ref>. Ab illo anno cursui honorum Memmi filii (sc. praeturae) operam dat<ref>''Ep''. IV.7, 8, 12, 58, 59, 60, 63 etc. </ref> et usque ad mortem [[Flavius Stilicho|Stilichoni]] tum in Occidente dominanti satis propinquus est<ref>''Epistulae'' IV.1-14.</ref>. In summa munera honorifica multa absolvit, vix tamen umquam in aula apud principes vitam egit. Plerumque Romae aut in villis tempus litteris terebat. Itaque ad res magnas decidendas momentum non habuit. Cursum honorum patri simillimum peregit. == De homine litterato == E litteris igitur et facultate dicendi pleramque auctoritatem suam ducebat. In litteris ut in republica aut religione [[mos maiorum|morem maiorum]] imprimis venerabatur. Ita [[Vergilius|Vergilium]], [[Cicero|Ciceronem]], [[Titus Maccius Plautus|Plautum]], [[Publius Terentius Afer|Terentium]], [[Horatius|Horatium]] imprimis amat quorum sententiarum saepe in ''Epistulis'' meminit<ref>Alessio Ruta, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/27316497 Forme e funzioni delle citazioni virgiliane nell’epistolario di Simmaco]”, ''Museum Helveticum'', 2023: 306-317. P.Tchernajew, ''Terentiana II: Apulée, Ausone, et Symmaque comme imitateurs de Térence'', Kazan, 1900 </ref>. Amplam bibliothecam sibi pararat: novimus enim apud Symmachum fuisse Titum Livium integrum quem emendare coeperat<ref>''Epistulae'' IX.13.</ref>, necnon [[Plinius Maior|Plinium Maiorem]] aut ''[[Commentarii de Bello Gallico|Commentarios de Bello Gallico]]''. Ita quodam modo 'litteras classicas' iam invenerat quas spreta lingua suae aetatis colebat<ref>De Symmachi studiis vide G. Kroll(1891).</ref> et litteras amatas ut posteris traderentur curabat. Librarii enim apud Symmachos textus duplicabant. Adulescentes suae aetatis quoque ad rhetoricam studendam hortabatur<ref>[[Libanius]], ''Epistula'' 1004.</ref> et filio instituendo ipse operam dedit<ref>''Ep''. V.5 et VI.61</ref> Nonnulli historici moderni notionem 'circuli Symmachi'<ref>Nicolas Cavuoto-Denis, “[https://shs.cairn.info/revue-de-philologie-litterature-et-histoire-anciennes-2022-1-page-77?lang=frb La transmission des savoirs dans le « cercle de Symmaque ». L’activité éditoriale comme marqueur social]”, ''Revue de philologie, de littérature et d'histoire anciennes'', 2022: 77-98</ref> introduxerunt ad homines designandos qui convivarum Macrobii modo ad litteras antiquas paganas servandas nitebantur et quibus lauta manuscripta ut [[Vergilius Vaticanus|Vergilium Vaticanum]] tribuunt. Quod propositum etiam apud posteros Christianos factos illarum familiarum viguise existimant. Alii historici de tali circulo et eius actione dubitant<ref>A. Cameron (2011) pp.353-398: “The Real Circle of Symmachus”.</ref>. In ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalibus]]''<ref>I.24.8.</ref> Symmachus Vergilium non tantum litterarum sed etiam [[Theologia|theologiae]] et [[ritus|rituum]] magistrum esse contendebat. Non minus enim a novitatibus orientalibus in [[Polytheismus|polytheismum]] nuper introductis abhorrebat quam a Christianismo. Vetus Romanus volebat esse. == De operibus == Tria genera operum reliquit Symmachus, epistulas, relationes, orationes: * '''orationes''' octo ab ipso circa [[376]] (ut videtur) publicatae sunt quae ad patrem, Valentinianos principes et alios homines nobiles pertinent. Anno [[1815]] in [[Palimpsestus|palimpsesto]] ab [[Angelus Mai|Angelo Maio]] inventae sunt<ref> ''[https://archive.org/details/qaureliisummach00symmgoog/page/n8/mode/2up Q. Avrelii Svmmachi V. C. Octo Orationum Ineditarum Partes]'' invenit notisque declaravit Angelvs Maivs ... Accedunt Additamenta Quaedam, Francofurti ad Moenum, in libraria Hermanniana, 1816</ref> , antea a septimo saeculo deperditae atque etiamnunc fragmentatae. Nonnullae aliae orationes quas antiquitus publicatas per epistulas scimus non exstant: inter alia panegyrici Maximi et Theodosii (bis 388 et 391) necnon oratiuncula contra Polybii filium et altera de [[censura]] non restituenda<ref>Epistulae IV.29 et 45, V.9, VII.58. Cf Otto Seeck pp.VI-VII.</ref> * '''relationes''' 49 statim post praefecturam circa [[385]] edidit<ref>Domenico Vera, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/41530470 Sulle edizioni antiche delle Relationes di Simmaco]”, ''Latomus'', 1977: 1003-1036 </ref> inter quas celeberrima tertia relatio de ara Victoriae versatur. Illae relationes illius actionem in magistratu gerendo recensent. * '''epistulae''' plus quam nongentae in decem libros digestae magnum opus eius faciunt. Liber primus paulo post 385 in lumen prodisse vulgo creditur (epistulas ad patrem et fratrem continet necnon ad poetam [[Ausonius|Ausonium]] filiumque eius Hesperium et ad amicum [[Vettius Agorius Praetextatus|Praetextatum]], fratrem in paganismo). Cetera post mortem auctoris sed ante annum 409<ref>Quia epistulae ad [[Priscus Attalus|Priscum Attalum]] non suppressae sunt.</ref> a filio Memmio edita putantur. In septem primis libris epistulae per personas quibus missae sunt disponuntur sine ulla [[Chronologia|chronologica]] aut [[Thema (litterae)|thematica]] ordinatione. In octavo et nono sine ordine miscentur epistulae (pars maxima decimi deperdita est), ne personae quidem quibus mittuntur semper indicantur. Unde eruditi coniecerunt auctorem editionem usque ad septimum librum praeparasse, postea filium solum relictum ut potuit reliqua edidisse<ref>S. Roda, “Alcune ipotesi sulla prima edizione dell'epistolario di Simmaco”, ''La Parola des Passato'', 1979: 31-54.</ref>. Certe Nicomachi non parvam partem epistularum recipiunt: liber secundus totus [[Virius Nicomachus Flavianus|Virio Nicomacho Flaviano]] dicatur, sextum librum ceteri inter se Nicomachi partiuntur. Lectorem modernum in illis epistulis paupertas [[thema|thematum]] offendit: etenim de rebus publicis aut religiosis scribendi tum libertas nulla erat et delatores speculabantur. Etiam retrorsus censura agebat: ita Memmius epistulas ad [[Usurpatio|usurpatores]] [[Magnus Maximus|Maximum]], [[Eugenius (imperator)|Eugenium]], [[Arbogastes|Arbogastem]] suppressit. Nuntii secreti et periculosi tabellariis maximae fidei mandabantur qui oraliter eos referebant, numquam scribebantur. Brevissimae igitur sunt epistulae Symmachi. Plerumque de mera salutatione et amicitiae professione agebatur aut [[Salus|salutis]] inquisitione et officiorum reciprocitate in epistularum commercio. Saepe simul propinquos et homines bene meritos [[Magistratus|magistratibus]] amicis commendabat<ref>Jennifer V. Ebbeler, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/25598390 Religious Identity and the Politics of Patronage: Symmachus and Augustine]”, ''Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte'', 2007: 230-242 </ref>. Rarius de [[litteratura|litteris]] aut senatu consulto et annona Urbis aliquid scribebat aut de peregrinationibus in villas suas. Semel et iterum de lite apud iudices<ref>Federico-Alberto Poglio, “[https://www.persee.fr/doc/mefr_0223-5102_2008_num_120_1_10422 Una lite giudiziaria tra Aurelio Simmaco e Petronio Probo : a proposito di Symm., Epp. 2, 28; 30-31 e 3, 4]” in ''Mélanges de l'école française de Rome'', 2008 (120-1): 149-161.</ref>. Omnia cursim sine excursu. Itaque spem lectoris saepe decipit. Ipse tenuis materiae sibi conscius erat: ''Quousque enim'', Nicomacho inquiebat, ''dandae ac reddendae salutationis verba blaterabimus, cum alia stylo materia non suppetat?''.<ref>''Ep''. II.35.</ref> == De genere dicendi et iudiciis == Stilus Symmachi non facile finitur. Duodecimo saeculo [[Alanus ab Insulis]] brevitatem eius evidentem extollens eum 'verbis parcum' sed 'mente profundum' dicebat: <blockquote><poem> Symacus in uerbis parcus sed mente profundus, Prodigus in sensu, uerbis angustus, habundans Mente, sed ore minor, fructu, non fronde beatus, Sensus diuicias uerbi breuitate coartat.<ref>''Anticlaudianus'' III.236-9</ref> </poem></blockquote> Nec dubium quin sententiae breves subiunctionem vitantes alienissimae sunt a [[periodus|periodico]] stilo quem in Ciceronis orationibus legimus sed non minus a sermone familiari quo utebatur magnus orator in epistulis abhorrent. Ipse ''ingenii sui maciem'' causabatur<ref>I.81. Cf ibidem I.14 ad Ausonium: ''Sed ego qui sum paupertini ingenii mei mihi conscius, Laconicae malo studere brevitati, quam multijugis paginis infantiae maciem publicare''.</ref>. Coaevi tamen stilum floridum et pinguem potius laudabant verisimile quia nomina et adiectiva magna densitate spissantur et plenitudinis speciem praebent. Ita [[Macrobius]]: <blockquote> ''Quattuor sunt, inquit Eusebius, genera dicendi: copiosum, in quo Cicero dominatur: breve, in quo Salustius regnat: siccum, quod Frontoni ascribitur: pingue et floridum in quo Plinius Secundus quondam et nunc nullo veterum minor noster Symmachus luxuriatur.''<ref>''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' V.1.7.</ref> </blockquote> [[Rhythmus|Numeris]] sophisticis<ref>Johannes Möller, ''De clausulis a Q. Aurelio Symmacho adhibitis'', Aschendorff, 1912. Louis Havet, ''[https://archive.org/details/laprosemtriqued00havegoog/page/n15/mode/2up La prose métrique de Symmaque et les origines métriques du cursus]'', Lutetiae, Emile Bouillon, 1892</ref> et splendido exquisitoque [[Vocabularium|vocabulario]] nitebat Symmachi [[prosa]] quae summam artem redolebat in variationibus circa exilem materiam innumeris. Amicus Ausonius [[Dithyrambus|dithyrambum]] ei composuit: <blockquote> ''Haud quisquam ita nitet, ut comparatus tibi non sordeat. Quis ita Aesopi venustatem, quis sophisticas Socratis conclusiones, enthymemata Demosthenis, aut opulentiam Tullianam, aut proprietatem nostri Maronis accedat?'' <ref>''Ep.'' V.32 ab Ausonio Symmacho missa et in epistolarium eius introducta.</ref> </blockquote> Sed et adversarii “Romani decus eloquii” attollebant ut poeta Christianus Prudentius qui eum supra Ciceronem ponebat<ref>''Contra Symmachum'' I.632-5.</ref> atque eo magis eum pigebat quod pereuntes deos et sordidos defendere mallet. In electione verborum archaismos apud Plautum aut Terentium inventos saepe adfectat, ut e.g. ''fors fuat an'' in classici 'forsitan' loco. Poeticas locutiones quoque non contemnit. Modernus rursus videtur cum nomina [[Abstractio|abstracta]] e verbis ducta multiplicat aut etiam [[Neologismus|neologismos]] procudit<ref>E. Schulze (1884).</ref>. == De primis editionibus== * [[Editio princeps]] a Bartolomeo Cynischo curata anno [[1503]] [[Venetiae|Venetiis]] in lucem prodiit e [[Manuscriptum|manuscripto]] qui defloratiunculam tantummodo continebat. Rarissimus est hodie hic liber<ref>James E. Dunlap, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/265035 The Earliest Editions of the Letters of Symmachus]”, ''Classical Philology'', 1937: 329-340.</ref> . * 1510/1 quattuor reeditiones [[Argentoratum|Argentorati]] apud Iohannem Grunigerum<ref>[https://books.google.fr/books?id=V41TNWAo4fMC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Symmachi Cons. Ro. Epistolae Familiares...]</ref>, Ioannem Schottum<ref>[https://sammlungen.ulb.uni-muenster.de/hd/content/titleinfo/794134?lang=de]</ref>, Iohannem Knoblouchum<ref>[https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10981912?page=4,5]</ref>, H. Baldingum sese invicem imitantes. * [[1549]] editio [[Basilea|Basilensis]] [[Sigismundus Gelenius|Sigismundi Gelenii]] 49 relationes prima addidit<ref> ''Epistolarum Symmachi libri duo D. Ambrosii epistolae in Symmachum II...'', Basileae, Froben, 1549</ref> * anno [[1580]] [[Franciscus Iuretus]] e novo manuscripto [[Divio|Divione]] in abbatia sancti Benigni servato primus decem libros epistolarum integros publicat<ref>''[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_GXOsKR2l-NcC/page/n3/mode/2up Q. Aurelii Symmachi, ... epistolarum ad diuersos libri decem. Ex Bibliotheca coenobij S. Benigni Diuionensis magna parte in integrum restituti. Cura & studio Francisci Iureti, cuius etiam notae adiectae sunt]'', Parisiis, apud Nicolaum Chesneau, 1580.</ref>. Alios manuscriptos quoque recensere et comparare potuit. * anno [[1608]] [[Gasparus Scioppius]] ad novam editionem [[Moguntiacum|Moguntiaci]] editam<ref>''[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_ru86H_ixgUYC/page/n1/mode/2up Symmachi Epistolarum noua editio. Gasp. Scioppius recensuit]'', Moguntiaci, 1608</ref> ignotos adhuc manuscriptos et deflorationes adhibuit e quibus nonnulli hodie non iam supersunt<ref>JP Callu (2006).</ref>. Certe eius editionem optimam mansisse usque ad Ottonem Seeck iudicabat JP Callu<ref>[[Collection des Universités de France|Collection des Unibersités de France]] t.I p.32.</ref>. == Notae == <references/> == Fontes == * [[Corpus inscriptionum Latinarum|CIL]] [https://edh-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/edh/foto/F010361 VI, 1699] ; VIII, 24584 ; VIII, 5347 * [[Ambrosius]], ''Epistulae'' XVII et XVIII * [[Libanius]], ''Epistula'' 1004. * [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' * [[Aurelius Prudentius Clemens|Prudentius]], ''[[Contra Symmachum]]'' == Editiones criticae et commentarii == * Otto Seeck, ''[https://archive.org/details/qaureliisymmach00seecgoog/page/n8/mode/2up Q. Aurelii Symmachi quae supersunt]'' ([[Monumenta Germaniae historica|Monumenta Germaniae Historica]]), Berolini, 1893 [[Fasciculus:Base statua di Quinto Aurelio Simmaco - Musei Capitolini.jpg|thumb|CIL VI, 1699 = basis statuae a filio Memmio patri in [[Mons Caelius|monte Caelio]] erectae ubi eorum domus erat: cursum honorum brevem legere licet.]] * [[Collection des Universités de France]]: J.P. Callu, ''Symmaque. Correspondance.'' Les Belles Lettres, 1972-2002 (quattuor tomi) [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1973_num_42_1_1704_t1_0288_0000_5 Recensio critica] ** ''Symmaque. Discours. Rapports'', ibidem, 2009 (tomus V operum) [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_2013_num_82_1_3841_t17_0359_0000_2 Recensio critica] * Giovanni Alberto Cecconi, ''Commento storico al libro II dell'Epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco : con introduzione, testo, traduzione e indici'', Pisae, 2002 [https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2003/2003.11.17 Recensio critica] [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_2004_num_73_1_2554_t1_0408_0000_2 Altera recensio critica] [https://www.academia.edu/84769725/Giovanni_Alberto_Cecconi_Commento_storico_al_libro_II_dellepistolario_di_Q_Aurelio_Simmaco_Con_introduzione_testo_traduzione_e_indici Tertia recensio critica] * Maria Lubello, ''[https://flore.unifi.it/retrieve/5f4d48db-5049-487b-ac42-4092ba20a52a/Lubello_Maria_Commento_storico_libri_VII-VIII_2024.pdf Commento storico ai libri VII e VIII dell’epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco. Introduzione, testo, traduzione, commento storico]'', Florentiae, 2024 [https://flore.unifi.it/handle/2158/1374992 Dissertatio academica] * Arnaldo Marcone, ''Commento storico al libro IV dell'epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco: introduzione, commento storico, testo, traduzione, indici'', Pisae, 1987 ** Commento storico al libro VI dell' epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco: Introd., commento storico, teste, traduzione, indici, Pisae, 1983 * Andrea Pellizzari, ''Commento storico al libro III dell epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco. Introduzione, commento storico, testo, traduzione, indici'', Pisae, 1983. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_2003_num_72_1_2530_t1_0416_0000_2 Recensio critica] * Paola Rivolta Tiberga, ''Commento storico al libro V dell'epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco : introduzione, commento storico, testo, traduzione, indici'', Pisae, 1982 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1996_num_65_1_1262_t1_0346_0000_2 Recensio critica] * Sergio Roda, ''Commento storico al libro IX dell' epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco : introduzione, commento storico, testo, traduzione e indici'', Pisae, 1981 * Domenico Vera, ''Commento storico alle “relationes” di Quinto Aurelio Simmaco: introduzione, commento, testo, traduzione, appendice sul libro X, 1-2, indici'', Pisae, 1981 == Plura legere si cupis == * Marco Bertolini, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/24182889 Sull' attegiamento religioso di Q. A. Simmaco]”, ''Studi Classici e Orientali'', 1987: 189-208 * Philippe Bruggisser, ''Symmaque ou le rituel épistolaire de l'amitié littéraire. Recherches sur le premier livre de la correspondance'', Fribourg, 1993 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1995_num_64_1_1237_t1_0337_0000_2 Recensio critica] ** “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/24816439 Gloria noui saeculi: Symmaque et le siècle de Gratien (Epist. 1, 13)]”, ''Museum Helveticum'', 1987: 134-149 ** “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/44079105 Libanios, Symmaque et son père Avianus: Culture littéraire dans les cercles païens tardifs]”, ''Ancient Society'', 1990: 17-31 * JP Callu, “[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2006_ant_361_1_11709 En marge des vieux livres : les manuscrits perdus de Symmaque]”, ''Revue d’histoire des textes'', 1976: 197-217 * Alan Cameron, ''The Last Pagans of Rome'', Oxford University Press, 2011 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=AIQ8DwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] [https://www.academia.edu/117724893/The_Last_Pagans_of_Rome_By_Alan_Cameron Recensio critica] [https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2011/2011.12.35 Altera recensio critica] * Nicolas Cavuoto-Denis, ''Vsus scribendi : le projet littéraire de Symmaque dans les Lettres, les Discours et les Rapports'', Turnhout, Brepols, 2023 [https://www.academia.edu/71771621/Vsus_scribendi_le_projet_litt%C3%A9raire_de_Symmaque_dans_les_Lettres_les_Discours_et_les_Rapports Summarium] * Octavius Clason, ''[https://books.google.fr/books?id=QywUAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ViewAPI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false De Symmachi epistularum codice Parisino]'', Bonnae, [1867] '''LATINE''' * Gerd Haverling, ''Studies on Symmachus' Language and Style'', [[Gothoburgum|Gothoburgi]], 1988 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1990_num_59_1_2300_t1_0385_0000_2 Recensio critica] * Gaëlle Hébert de la Portbarré-Viard, “[https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2018_num_197_1_1925 Symmaque dans le ''Contra Symmachum'' de Prudence : enjeux et significations d’une mise à mort littéraire]”, ''Vita Latina'', 2018: 148-172 * Bettina Hecht, ''Störungen der Rechtslage in den Relationen des Symmachus : Verwaltung und Rechtsprechung in Rom 384/385 n. Chr'', Berolini, 2006 [https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.7767/zrgra.2008.125.1.775/html Recensio critica] * C. Hermann,“[https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/RTO5IXPCZRH6TI34MRUXMKLIHBPSGMLS Die Ausgaben des Symmachus]”, in ''Festschrift zu dem funfzigjährigen Jubiläum der Königstädtischen Realschule zu Berlin'', 1882: 293-320 * A.H.M. Jones; J. R. Martindale; J. Morris. ''The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire'', Cambridge, 1971, t.I: [https://archive.org/details/plre-01-260-395/PLRE01_260-395/page/864/mode/2up 865-871] * Gavin Kelly, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/26322501 Pliny and Symmachus]”, ''Arethusa'', 2013: 261-287 * R. Klein, Symmachus, ''Eine tragische Gestalt des ausgehenden Heidentums'', [[Darmstadium|Darmstadii]], 1971 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/rea_0035-2004_1972_num_74_1_3927_t1_0322_0000_1 Recensio critica] * Otto Koren, ''[https://books.google.fr/books?id=4akiGJ2DkE8C&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ViewAPI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Quaestiones Symmachianae]'', Vindobonae, 1874 '''LATINE''' * Guilelmus Kroll, ''[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015024459482&seq=5 De Q. Aurelii Symmachi studiis graecis et latinis]'', Vratislaviae, 1891 '''LATINE''' * Federico Lizzani, ''Il patrimonio di Q. Aurelius Symmachus a Roma e nel Lazio : una restituzione archeologica dall'epistolario'', Romae, “L'Erma” di Bretschneider, 2024 ISBN 978-88-913-3294-3 * J. F. Matthews, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/299176 Symmachus and the Oriental Cults]”, ''The Journal of Roman Studies'', 1973: 175-195 ** "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4435183 Symmachus and the "Magister Militum" Theodosius]", ''Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte'', 1971: 122-128 * John Alexander McGeachy, ''Quintus Aurelius Symmachus and the Senatorial Aristocracy of the West'', University of Chicago, 1942 * Jill Mitchell, ''[https://www.academia.edu/118514477/The_Religious_world_of_Quintus_Aurelius_Symmachus The Religious World of Quintus Aurelius Symmachus]'', Trivent Publishing, 2021 * Eugenius Morin, ''[https://books.google.fr/books?id=6c9gM4kqQkIC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ViewAPI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Disquisitio chronologica de dimidia altera quarti saeculi parte juxta Symmachum]'', Parisiis, excudebat Panckoucke, 1847 '''LATINE''' * F. Paschoud (curator), ''Colloque genevois sur Symmaque : à l'occasion du mille six centième anniversaire du conflit de l'autel de la Victoire'', [1984], Les Belles lettres, 1986 ** “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4434878 Reflexions sur l'idéal religieux de Symmaque]”, ''Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte'', 1965: 215-235 * S. Roda, “Simmaco nel gioco politico del suo tempo”, ''Studia et Documenta Historiae et Iuris'', 1973: 53-114 * Michele Renee Salzman, “[https://www.jstor.org/stable/4436821 Symmachus and the ‘Barbarian’ Generals]”, ''Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte'', 2006: 352-367 ** “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4436116 Reflections on Symmachus' Idea of Tradition]”, ''Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte'', 1989: 348-364 ** “[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2010_act_428_1_9861 Symmachus’ ideal of secular friendship]”, in ''Les frontières du profane dans l’Antiquité tardive'', 2010:247-272 * Ernestus Theodorus Schulze, ''[https://books.google.fr/books?id=hIhHAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false De Q. Aurelii Symmachi vocabulorum formationibus ad sermonem vulgarem pertinentibus]'', Halis Saxonum, 1884 '''LATINE''' * Ramón Teja, ''La más antigua polémica sobre la tolerancia religiosa: el debate entre San Ambrosio de Milán y el senador Símaco sobre el Altar de la Victoria'', Matriti, 2023 ISBN 978-84-19782-23-6 * Cristiana Sogno, ''Q. Aurelius Symmachus : a political biography'', University of Michigan Press, 2006 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=N3qFtZRLuXgC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ViewAPI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] * L. M. A. Viola, ''Quinto Aurelio Simmaco : lo splendore della romanitas : la perfezione dell'uomo religioso romano-italiano e la costituzione della civiltà universale della pace'', Forii, Victrix, 2010 [https://bibcatalogo.uca.es/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=870445&shelfbrowse_itemnumber=2642939] {{NexInt}} * [[Controversia de ara Victoriae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Quintus Aurelius Symmachus|Quintum Aurelium Symmachum}} {{Vicifons|Libri Decem Epistolarum|Libros decem epistolarum}} * [http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~Harsch/Chronologia/Lspost04/Symmachus/sym_re03.html Tertia Relatio Symmachi] * {{BBKL|s/s4/symmachus_a|auctor=Wolfgang Kuhoff|commentatio=SYMMACHUS EUSEBIUS, Q. AURELIUS|tomus=11|columnae=363-366}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090814190634/http://www.acs.ucalgary.ca/~vandersp/Courses/texts/sym-amb/ambrepf.html Ambrosius, Epistulae xvii et xviii] {{Index consulum sub principatu electorum| praedecessores= [[Valentinianus II|Imp. Caesar Flavius Valentinianus Augustus]] IV et [[Flavius Neoterius]]| annus= 391<br />cum<br />[[Flavius Eutolmius Tatianus|Flavio Eutolmio Tatiano]]| successores=[[Arcadius|Imp. Caesar Flavius Arcadius Augustus]] II et [[Flavius Rufinus]]}} {{Anni vitae|saeculo 4|402|Aurelius Symmachus, Quintus}} [[Categoria:Auctores Latini antiqui]] [[Categoria:Praefecti urbi Romae antiqui]] [[Categoria:Gens Symmachia]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Imperii Romani]] [[Categoria:Gens Aurelia]] 9tjekwm78ju31pkkl5scq6l6z4fm1l6 3981808 3981807 2026-08-17T17:15:27Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* De cursu honorum */ 3981808 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Roma, metà di dittico con un'apoteosi, 400 circa.JPG|thumb|Consecratio Symmachi (ut vulgo putatur). Nam hoc dimidium [[Diptychon consulare|diptychum]] [[ebur|eburneum]] [[Monogramma|monogramma]] Symmachorum fert et circa 400 scalptum est.]] {{res|Quintus Aurelius Symmachus}} signo {{res|Eusebius}} (natus circa annum [[342]] - obiit anno [[402]]/[[403|3]]), filius [[Lucius Aurelius Avianius Symmachus|Lucii Aurelii Avianii Symmachi]] fuit [[Senatus|senator]], [[consul]], [[praefectus urbi Romae]] annis [[384]] et [[385]] et orator. Vulgo pro opulentissimo oratore aetatis suae habitus absque nonnullis ipsi [[Cicero]]ni comparatus est<ref>Etiam ab adversariis ut [[Prudentius]], ''Contra Symmachum'': I.632-642.</ref>. Notus est imprimis commendationis indulgentiae in omnes religiones causa, quam in [[controversia de ara Victoriae]] affirmavit. == De familia == Primus ex illa gente avus Quinti Symmachi, Aurelius Valerius Tullianus Symmachus, [[Consul|consulatus]] insignia “severitatis merito” anno [[330]] accepit; nova familia igitur in ordine senatorio erant Symmachi. Eo magis praerogativas ordinis vindicare visi sunt. Quinti pater Lucius [[Praefectus urbi Romae|praefectus Urbi]] fuit et [[princeps senatus]]: consul designatus circa 377 mortuus est. Quintus sororem unam<ref>''Ep''. VIII.49</ref> et tres fratres habuit qui omnes ante ipsum obierunt<ref>Nam circa 380 de Celsino Titiano ita scripsit: ''tertius hic mihi de optimis fratribus luctus est'' (''ep''. III.6).</ref>. Circa 370 Quintus Rusticianam, filiam praefecti [[Memmius Vitrasius Orfitus|Orfiti]], uxorem duxit. Filia eis fuit ignoto nomine nomine<ref>''Ep''. VI.12, 67, 79</ref> quae [[Nicomachus Flavianus iunior|Nicomacho Flaviano iuniori]] nupsit, ita adfinitatem inter duos e maximis scriptoribus illius aetatis firmans, et aliquanto postea filius [[Quintus Fabius Memmius Symmachus]] operum patris sui editor posthumus. A maioribus multa [[Immobile|bona immobilia]] hereditarie accepit: tres domus Romae, unam [[Capua (urbs antiqua)|Capuae]], quindecim [[villa|villas]] plerumque in Italia meridionali sitas, praedia quoque in [[Samnium|Samnio]], [[Apulia]], [[Sicilia (provincia Romana)|Sicilia]], [[Mauretania (discretiva)|Mauretania]]. Inter tamen senatores modice divites numerabatur et ad munera [[Praetor|praetoria]] filii sui duo milia argenti pondo erogasse dicitur<ref>[[Olympiodorus Thebanus|Olympiodorus]], Fragmentum 44.</ref>. == De cursu honorum == * Annis incertis [[Quaestor|quaesturam]] et [[praetor|praeturam]] gessit. Circa idem tempus [[pontifex |pontifex maior]] cooptatus est<ref>''Epistulae'' I.49, 51 ;II.53 ; IX.147-8.</ref> nec aliud sacerdotium umquam suscepit, quamvis studiosus paganismi defensor<ref>CIL VI, 1699, stela a filio erecta quae cursum honorum Symmachi nobis servavit.</ref>. * 364-5 tum cum pater [[Praefectus urbi Romae|praefectus urbi]] erat ipse corrector [[Lucania|Lucaniae]] et [[Bruttium|Brittiorum]] fit<ref>Cf ''Epistulae'' II.48.</ref>. Tum vetustissimas epistulas scribit quas quidem adhuc habeamus. * anno 369 [[Panegyricus|panegyricos]] [[Valentinianus I|Valentiniani I]] et [[Gratianus|Gratiani]] coram principibus pronuntiat<ref>''Orationes'' I-III.</ref>. In Gallia apud Valentinianum usque ad annum 370 mansit ubi [[Decimus Magnus Ausonius|Ausonium]] cognovit cuius amicitiam coluit<ref>''Epistulae'' I.14 et 32.</ref>. Mox [[comes]] tertii ordinis renuntiatur. * 373-4 [[Fasti proconsulum Africae|proconsul Africae]] fit, officium honorificum sine vera potentia<ref>CIL VIII, 24584 et 5347 inscriptiones in [[Africa (provincia Romana)|Africa]] repertae. Cf ''Epistulae'' VIII.5 et 20. X.1.2-3.</ref>. * anno 376 Gratiani nuntium de morte [[Flavius Maximinus|Maximini]] in senatu recitat<ref>''Epistulae'' I.13 et X.2</ref>. Die 9 Ianuarii orationem ''Pro Trygetio'' in senatu habuit gratias agens quod patrem plebe seditiosa expulsum honorifice revocassent<ref>''Oratio'' V. Cf ''Epistulae'' I.44</ref>. * 377-8 Aegrotavit<ref>''Epistulae'' I.20 et 85. III.47.</ref> * anno 382 legatus senatorum ad Gratianum missus [[Ara Victoriae|aram Victoriae]] in [[Curia Hostilia|curia]] restituendam poscere volebat sed aditu principis prohibitus est<ref>Ambrosius, ''Epistulae'' 17.10</ref> * anno 384 [[Valentinianus II|Valentiniano II]] cum matre [[Iustina]] imperante [[Praefectus urbi Romae|praefectus Urbi]] ''sub aestatis exordio''<ref>''Relatio'' 25.3</ref> fit. Tum iterum arae Victoriae restitutionem petiit<ref>''Relatio'' tertia.</ref> sed ab [[Ambrosius|Ambrosio]] episcopo victus est. Praeterea annonae angustiae eum ad magistratum deponendum incitaverunt (februario 385)<ref>Eventa huius praefecturae ab ipsius ''relationibus'' nota sunt. Vide etiam ''Epistulas'' II.36 et 55, III.28.</ref>. In praefectura [[Augustinus Hipponensis|Augustinum]] magistrum rhetoricae nominavit<ref>''[[Confessiones (Augustinus)|Confessiones]]'' V.13.</ref>. * anno 387 partes usurpatoris [[Magnus Maximus|Magni Maximi]] oratione quidem non armis<ref>[[Gennadius Scholasticus|Gennadius]], ''De Viris illustribus'' 49.</ref> sequitur quo mox a Theodosio victo veniam quidem impetrat (et Theodosio in oratione hodie deperdita gratias agebat<ref>''Epistulae'' II.13, 28, 30-32.</ref>) sed eius dignitas aliquantum imminuta est<ref>[[Libanius]], ''Epistulae'' 1008</ref>. Revera [[Novatianus|Novatianorum]] intercessio episcopi ei saluti fuerat. * iamdiu orator disertissimus velut praeco senatorum erat et anno incerto [[princeps senatus]] publice nominatur<ref>[[Socrates Scholasticus]] V.14.6.</ref> * anno 390 cum Theodosio in gratiam redit et ad [[consul|consulatum ordinarium]] anni proximi designatur<ref>[[Prudentius]], ''[[Contra Symmachum]]'' I.622-5. Cf ''Epistulae'' II.62-4. V.15. IX.149. </ref> * anno 391 gratiarum actionem in aula Mediolani habet sed quia aram Victoriae memoravit a Theodosio ex urbe expellitur. * annis 392-4 ab [[Eugenius|Eugenii]] [[Arbogastes|Arbogastis]]que usurpatione ipse abstinet sed filius quaestor, gener praefectus Urbi sunt et amicus Virius Nicomachus Flavius post cladem sibi mortem voluntariam conscivit. * Usque ad annum 398 in umbra remanet. 396/7 aegrotavit<ref>''Epistulae'' III.38-39, V.58 etc.</ref>, anno 398 plebe irata expulsus est ac postea revocatus<ref>''Epistulae'' VI.66, VIII.64-5, IX.81.</ref>. Ab illo anno cursui honorum Memmi filii (sc. praeturae) operam dat<ref>''Ep''. IV.7, 8, 12, 58, 59, 60, 63 etc. </ref> et usque ad mortem [[Flavius Stilicho|Stilichoni]] tum in Occidente dominanti satis propinquus est<ref>''Epistulae'' IV.1-14.</ref>. In summa munera honorifica multa absolvit, vix tamen umquam in aula apud principes vitam egit. Plerumque Romae aut in villis tempus litteris terebat. Itaque ad res magnas decidendas momentum non habuit eo magis quod a re militari alienissimus fuit: ipse se hominem pacis et otii dicebat. Ita cursum honorum patri simillimum peregit. == De homine litterato == E litteris igitur et facultate dicendi pleramque auctoritatem suam ducebat. In litteris ut in republica aut religione [[mos maiorum|morem maiorum]] imprimis venerabatur. Ita [[Vergilius|Vergilium]], [[Cicero|Ciceronem]], [[Titus Maccius Plautus|Plautum]], [[Publius Terentius Afer|Terentium]], [[Horatius|Horatium]] imprimis amat quorum sententiarum saepe in ''Epistulis'' meminit<ref>Alessio Ruta, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/27316497 Forme e funzioni delle citazioni virgiliane nell’epistolario di Simmaco]”, ''Museum Helveticum'', 2023: 306-317. P.Tchernajew, ''Terentiana II: Apulée, Ausone, et Symmaque comme imitateurs de Térence'', Kazan, 1900 </ref>. Amplam bibliothecam sibi pararat: novimus enim apud Symmachum fuisse Titum Livium integrum quem emendare coeperat<ref>''Epistulae'' IX.13.</ref>, necnon [[Plinius Maior|Plinium Maiorem]] aut ''[[Commentarii de Bello Gallico|Commentarios de Bello Gallico]]''. Ita quodam modo 'litteras classicas' iam invenerat quas spreta lingua suae aetatis colebat<ref>De Symmachi studiis vide G. Kroll(1891).</ref> et litteras amatas ut posteris traderentur curabat. Librarii enim apud Symmachos textus duplicabant. Adulescentes suae aetatis quoque ad rhetoricam studendam hortabatur<ref>[[Libanius]], ''Epistula'' 1004.</ref> et filio instituendo ipse operam dedit<ref>''Ep''. V.5 et VI.61</ref> Nonnulli historici moderni notionem 'circuli Symmachi'<ref>Nicolas Cavuoto-Denis, “[https://shs.cairn.info/revue-de-philologie-litterature-et-histoire-anciennes-2022-1-page-77?lang=frb La transmission des savoirs dans le « cercle de Symmaque ». L’activité éditoriale comme marqueur social]”, ''Revue de philologie, de littérature et d'histoire anciennes'', 2022: 77-98</ref> introduxerunt ad homines designandos qui convivarum Macrobii modo ad litteras antiquas paganas servandas nitebantur et quibus lauta manuscripta ut [[Vergilius Vaticanus|Vergilium Vaticanum]] tribuunt. Quod propositum etiam apud posteros Christianos factos illarum familiarum viguise existimant. Alii historici de tali circulo et eius actione dubitant<ref>A. Cameron (2011) pp.353-398: “The Real Circle of Symmachus”.</ref>. In ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalibus]]''<ref>I.24.8.</ref> Symmachus Vergilium non tantum litterarum sed etiam [[Theologia|theologiae]] et [[ritus|rituum]] magistrum esse contendebat. Non minus enim a novitatibus orientalibus in [[Polytheismus|polytheismum]] nuper introductis abhorrebat quam a Christianismo. Vetus Romanus volebat esse. == De operibus == Tria genera operum reliquit Symmachus, epistulas, relationes, orationes: * '''orationes''' octo ab ipso circa [[376]] (ut videtur) publicatae sunt quae ad patrem, Valentinianos principes et alios homines nobiles pertinent. Anno [[1815]] in [[Palimpsestus|palimpsesto]] ab [[Angelus Mai|Angelo Maio]] inventae sunt<ref> ''[https://archive.org/details/qaureliisummach00symmgoog/page/n8/mode/2up Q. Avrelii Svmmachi V. C. Octo Orationum Ineditarum Partes]'' invenit notisque declaravit Angelvs Maivs ... Accedunt Additamenta Quaedam, Francofurti ad Moenum, in libraria Hermanniana, 1816</ref> , antea a septimo saeculo deperditae atque etiamnunc fragmentatae. Nonnullae aliae orationes quas antiquitus publicatas per epistulas scimus non exstant: inter alia panegyrici Maximi et Theodosii (bis 388 et 391) necnon oratiuncula contra Polybii filium et altera de [[censura]] non restituenda<ref>Epistulae IV.29 et 45, V.9, VII.58. Cf Otto Seeck pp.VI-VII.</ref> * '''relationes''' 49 statim post praefecturam circa [[385]] edidit<ref>Domenico Vera, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/41530470 Sulle edizioni antiche delle Relationes di Simmaco]”, ''Latomus'', 1977: 1003-1036 </ref> inter quas celeberrima tertia relatio de ara Victoriae versatur. Illae relationes illius actionem in magistratu gerendo recensent. * '''epistulae''' plus quam nongentae in decem libros digestae magnum opus eius faciunt. Liber primus paulo post 385 in lumen prodisse vulgo creditur (epistulas ad patrem et fratrem continet necnon ad poetam [[Ausonius|Ausonium]] filiumque eius Hesperium et ad amicum [[Vettius Agorius Praetextatus|Praetextatum]], fratrem in paganismo). Cetera post mortem auctoris sed ante annum 409<ref>Quia epistulae ad [[Priscus Attalus|Priscum Attalum]] non suppressae sunt.</ref> a filio Memmio edita putantur. In septem primis libris epistulae per personas quibus missae sunt disponuntur sine ulla [[Chronologia|chronologica]] aut [[Thema (litterae)|thematica]] ordinatione. In octavo et nono sine ordine miscentur epistulae (pars maxima decimi deperdita est), ne personae quidem quibus mittuntur semper indicantur. Unde eruditi coniecerunt auctorem editionem usque ad septimum librum praeparasse, postea filium solum relictum ut potuit reliqua edidisse<ref>S. Roda, “Alcune ipotesi sulla prima edizione dell'epistolario di Simmaco”, ''La Parola des Passato'', 1979: 31-54.</ref>. Certe Nicomachi non parvam partem epistularum recipiunt: liber secundus totus [[Virius Nicomachus Flavianus|Virio Nicomacho Flaviano]] dicatur, sextum librum ceteri inter se Nicomachi partiuntur. Lectorem modernum in illis epistulis paupertas [[thema|thematum]] offendit: etenim de rebus publicis aut religiosis scribendi tum libertas nulla erat et delatores speculabantur. Etiam retrorsus censura agebat: ita Memmius epistulas ad [[Usurpatio|usurpatores]] [[Magnus Maximus|Maximum]], [[Eugenius (imperator)|Eugenium]], [[Arbogastes|Arbogastem]] suppressit. Nuntii secreti et periculosi tabellariis maximae fidei mandabantur qui oraliter eos referebant, numquam scribebantur. Brevissimae igitur sunt epistulae Symmachi. Plerumque de mera salutatione et amicitiae professione agebatur aut [[Salus|salutis]] inquisitione et officiorum reciprocitate in epistularum commercio. Saepe simul propinquos et homines bene meritos [[Magistratus|magistratibus]] amicis commendabat<ref>Jennifer V. Ebbeler, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/25598390 Religious Identity and the Politics of Patronage: Symmachus and Augustine]”, ''Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte'', 2007: 230-242 </ref>. Rarius de [[litteratura|litteris]] aut senatu consulto et annona Urbis aliquid scribebat aut de peregrinationibus in villas suas. Semel et iterum de lite apud iudices<ref>Federico-Alberto Poglio, “[https://www.persee.fr/doc/mefr_0223-5102_2008_num_120_1_10422 Una lite giudiziaria tra Aurelio Simmaco e Petronio Probo : a proposito di Symm., Epp. 2, 28; 30-31 e 3, 4]” in ''Mélanges de l'école française de Rome'', 2008 (120-1): 149-161.</ref>. Omnia cursim sine excursu. Itaque spem lectoris saepe decipit. Ipse tenuis materiae sibi conscius erat: ''Quousque enim'', Nicomacho inquiebat, ''dandae ac reddendae salutationis verba blaterabimus, cum alia stylo materia non suppetat?''.<ref>''Ep''. II.35.</ref> == De genere dicendi et iudiciis == Stilus Symmachi non facile finitur. Duodecimo saeculo [[Alanus ab Insulis]] brevitatem eius evidentem extollens eum 'verbis parcum' sed 'mente profundum' dicebat: <blockquote><poem> Symacus in uerbis parcus sed mente profundus, Prodigus in sensu, uerbis angustus, habundans Mente, sed ore minor, fructu, non fronde beatus, Sensus diuicias uerbi breuitate coartat.<ref>''Anticlaudianus'' III.236-9</ref> </poem></blockquote> Nec dubium quin sententiae breves subiunctionem vitantes alienissimae sunt a [[periodus|periodico]] stilo quem in Ciceronis orationibus legimus sed non minus a sermone familiari quo utebatur magnus orator in epistulis abhorrent. Ipse ''ingenii sui maciem'' causabatur<ref>I.81. Cf ibidem I.14 ad Ausonium: ''Sed ego qui sum paupertini ingenii mei mihi conscius, Laconicae malo studere brevitati, quam multijugis paginis infantiae maciem publicare''.</ref>. Coaevi tamen stilum floridum et pinguem potius laudabant verisimile quia nomina et adiectiva magna densitate spissantur et plenitudinis speciem praebent. Ita [[Macrobius]]: <blockquote> ''Quattuor sunt, inquit Eusebius, genera dicendi: copiosum, in quo Cicero dominatur: breve, in quo Salustius regnat: siccum, quod Frontoni ascribitur: pingue et floridum in quo Plinius Secundus quondam et nunc nullo veterum minor noster Symmachus luxuriatur.''<ref>''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' V.1.7.</ref> </blockquote> [[Rhythmus|Numeris]] sophisticis<ref>Johannes Möller, ''De clausulis a Q. Aurelio Symmacho adhibitis'', Aschendorff, 1912. Louis Havet, ''[https://archive.org/details/laprosemtriqued00havegoog/page/n15/mode/2up La prose métrique de Symmaque et les origines métriques du cursus]'', Lutetiae, Emile Bouillon, 1892</ref> et splendido exquisitoque [[Vocabularium|vocabulario]] nitebat Symmachi [[prosa]] quae summam artem redolebat in variationibus circa exilem materiam innumeris. Amicus Ausonius [[Dithyrambus|dithyrambum]] ei composuit: <blockquote> ''Haud quisquam ita nitet, ut comparatus tibi non sordeat. Quis ita Aesopi venustatem, quis sophisticas Socratis conclusiones, enthymemata Demosthenis, aut opulentiam Tullianam, aut proprietatem nostri Maronis accedat?'' <ref>''Ep.'' V.32 ab Ausonio Symmacho missa et in epistolarium eius introducta.</ref> </blockquote> Sed et adversarii “Romani decus eloquii” attollebant ut poeta Christianus Prudentius qui eum supra Ciceronem ponebat<ref>''Contra Symmachum'' I.632-5.</ref> atque eo magis eum pigebat quod pereuntes deos et sordidos defendere mallet. In electione verborum archaismos apud Plautum aut Terentium inventos saepe adfectat, ut e.g. ''fors fuat an'' in classici 'forsitan' loco. Poeticas locutiones quoque non contemnit. Modernus rursus videtur cum nomina [[Abstractio|abstracta]] e verbis ducta multiplicat aut etiam [[Neologismus|neologismos]] procudit<ref>E. Schulze (1884).</ref>. == De primis editionibus== * [[Editio princeps]] a Bartolomeo Cynischo curata anno [[1503]] [[Venetiae|Venetiis]] in lucem prodiit e [[Manuscriptum|manuscripto]] qui defloratiunculam tantummodo continebat. Rarissimus est hodie hic liber<ref>James E. Dunlap, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/265035 The Earliest Editions of the Letters of Symmachus]”, ''Classical Philology'', 1937: 329-340.</ref> . * 1510/1 quattuor reeditiones [[Argentoratum|Argentorati]] apud Iohannem Grunigerum<ref>[https://books.google.fr/books?id=V41TNWAo4fMC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Symmachi Cons. Ro. Epistolae Familiares...]</ref>, Ioannem Schottum<ref>[https://sammlungen.ulb.uni-muenster.de/hd/content/titleinfo/794134?lang=de]</ref>, Iohannem Knoblouchum<ref>[https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10981912?page=4,5]</ref>, H. Baldingum sese invicem imitantes. * [[1549]] editio [[Basilea|Basilensis]] [[Sigismundus Gelenius|Sigismundi Gelenii]] 49 relationes prima addidit<ref> ''Epistolarum Symmachi libri duo D. Ambrosii epistolae in Symmachum II...'', Basileae, Froben, 1549</ref> * anno [[1580]] [[Franciscus Iuretus]] e novo manuscripto [[Divio|Divione]] in abbatia sancti Benigni servato primus decem libros epistolarum integros publicat<ref>''[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_GXOsKR2l-NcC/page/n3/mode/2up Q. Aurelii Symmachi, ... epistolarum ad diuersos libri decem. Ex Bibliotheca coenobij S. Benigni Diuionensis magna parte in integrum restituti. Cura & studio Francisci Iureti, cuius etiam notae adiectae sunt]'', Parisiis, apud Nicolaum Chesneau, 1580.</ref>. Alios manuscriptos quoque recensere et comparare potuit. * anno [[1608]] [[Gasparus Scioppius]] ad novam editionem [[Moguntiacum|Moguntiaci]] editam<ref>''[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_ru86H_ixgUYC/page/n1/mode/2up Symmachi Epistolarum noua editio. Gasp. Scioppius recensuit]'', Moguntiaci, 1608</ref> ignotos adhuc manuscriptos et deflorationes adhibuit e quibus nonnulli hodie non iam supersunt<ref>JP Callu (2006).</ref>. Certe eius editionem optimam mansisse usque ad Ottonem Seeck iudicabat JP Callu<ref>[[Collection des Universités de France|Collection des Unibersités de France]] t.I p.32.</ref>. == Notae == <references/> == Fontes == * [[Corpus inscriptionum Latinarum|CIL]] [https://edh-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/edh/foto/F010361 VI, 1699] ; VIII, 24584 ; VIII, 5347 * [[Ambrosius]], ''Epistulae'' XVII et XVIII * [[Libanius]], ''Epistula'' 1004. * [[Macrobius]], ''[[Saturnalia (Macrobius)|Saturnalia]]'' * [[Aurelius Prudentius Clemens|Prudentius]], ''[[Contra Symmachum]]'' == Editiones criticae et commentarii == * Otto Seeck, ''[https://archive.org/details/qaureliisymmach00seecgoog/page/n8/mode/2up Q. Aurelii Symmachi quae supersunt]'' ([[Monumenta Germaniae historica|Monumenta Germaniae Historica]]), Berolini, 1893 [[Fasciculus:Base statua di Quinto Aurelio Simmaco - Musei Capitolini.jpg|thumb|CIL VI, 1699 = basis statuae a filio Memmio patri in [[Mons Caelius|monte Caelio]] erectae ubi eorum domus erat: cursum honorum brevem legere licet.]] * [[Collection des Universités de France]]: J.P. Callu, ''Symmaque. Correspondance.'' Les Belles Lettres, 1972-2002 (quattuor tomi) [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1973_num_42_1_1704_t1_0288_0000_5 Recensio critica] ** ''Symmaque. Discours. Rapports'', ibidem, 2009 (tomus V operum) [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_2013_num_82_1_3841_t17_0359_0000_2 Recensio critica] * Giovanni Alberto Cecconi, ''Commento storico al libro II dell'Epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco : con introduzione, testo, traduzione e indici'', Pisae, 2002 [https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2003/2003.11.17 Recensio critica] [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_2004_num_73_1_2554_t1_0408_0000_2 Altera recensio critica] [https://www.academia.edu/84769725/Giovanni_Alberto_Cecconi_Commento_storico_al_libro_II_dellepistolario_di_Q_Aurelio_Simmaco_Con_introduzione_testo_traduzione_e_indici Tertia recensio critica] * Maria Lubello, ''[https://flore.unifi.it/retrieve/5f4d48db-5049-487b-ac42-4092ba20a52a/Lubello_Maria_Commento_storico_libri_VII-VIII_2024.pdf Commento storico ai libri VII e VIII dell’epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco. Introduzione, testo, traduzione, commento storico]'', Florentiae, 2024 [https://flore.unifi.it/handle/2158/1374992 Dissertatio academica] * Arnaldo Marcone, ''Commento storico al libro IV dell'epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco: introduzione, commento storico, testo, traduzione, indici'', Pisae, 1987 ** Commento storico al libro VI dell' epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco: Introd., commento storico, teste, traduzione, indici, Pisae, 1983 * Andrea Pellizzari, ''Commento storico al libro III dell epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco. Introduzione, commento storico, testo, traduzione, indici'', Pisae, 1983. [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_2003_num_72_1_2530_t1_0416_0000_2 Recensio critica] * Paola Rivolta Tiberga, ''Commento storico al libro V dell'epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco : introduzione, commento storico, testo, traduzione, indici'', Pisae, 1982 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1996_num_65_1_1262_t1_0346_0000_2 Recensio critica] * Sergio Roda, ''Commento storico al libro IX dell' epistolario di Q. Aurelio Simmaco : introduzione, commento storico, testo, traduzione e indici'', Pisae, 1981 * Domenico Vera, ''Commento storico alle “relationes” di Quinto Aurelio Simmaco: introduzione, commento, testo, traduzione, appendice sul libro X, 1-2, indici'', Pisae, 1981 == Plura legere si cupis == * Marco Bertolini, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/24182889 Sull' attegiamento religioso di Q. A. Simmaco]”, ''Studi Classici e Orientali'', 1987: 189-208 * Philippe Bruggisser, ''Symmaque ou le rituel épistolaire de l'amitié littéraire. Recherches sur le premier livre de la correspondance'', Fribourg, 1993 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1995_num_64_1_1237_t1_0337_0000_2 Recensio critica] ** “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/24816439 Gloria noui saeculi: Symmaque et le siècle de Gratien (Epist. 1, 13)]”, ''Museum Helveticum'', 1987: 134-149 ** “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/44079105 Libanios, Symmaque et son père Avianus: Culture littéraire dans les cercles païens tardifs]”, ''Ancient Society'', 1990: 17-31 * JP Callu, “[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2006_ant_361_1_11709 En marge des vieux livres : les manuscrits perdus de Symmaque]”, ''Revue d’histoire des textes'', 1976: 197-217 * Alan Cameron, ''The Last Pagans of Rome'', Oxford University Press, 2011 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=AIQ8DwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] [https://www.academia.edu/117724893/The_Last_Pagans_of_Rome_By_Alan_Cameron Recensio critica] [https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2011/2011.12.35 Altera recensio critica] * Nicolas Cavuoto-Denis, ''Vsus scribendi : le projet littéraire de Symmaque dans les Lettres, les Discours et les Rapports'', Turnhout, Brepols, 2023 [https://www.academia.edu/71771621/Vsus_scribendi_le_projet_litt%C3%A9raire_de_Symmaque_dans_les_Lettres_les_Discours_et_les_Rapports Summarium] * Octavius Clason, ''[https://books.google.fr/books?id=QywUAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ViewAPI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false De Symmachi epistularum codice Parisino]'', Bonnae, [1867] '''LATINE''' * Gerd Haverling, ''Studies on Symmachus' Language and Style'', [[Gothoburgum|Gothoburgi]], 1988 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1990_num_59_1_2300_t1_0385_0000_2 Recensio critica] * Gaëlle Hébert de la Portbarré-Viard, “[https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2018_num_197_1_1925 Symmaque dans le ''Contra Symmachum'' de Prudence : enjeux et significations d’une mise à mort littéraire]”, ''Vita Latina'', 2018: 148-172 * Bettina Hecht, ''Störungen der Rechtslage in den Relationen des Symmachus : Verwaltung und Rechtsprechung in Rom 384/385 n. Chr'', Berolini, 2006 [https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.7767/zrgra.2008.125.1.775/html Recensio critica] * C. Hermann,“[https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/RTO5IXPCZRH6TI34MRUXMKLIHBPSGMLS Die Ausgaben des Symmachus]”, in ''Festschrift zu dem funfzigjährigen Jubiläum der Königstädtischen Realschule zu Berlin'', 1882: 293-320 * A.H.M. Jones; J. R. Martindale; J. Morris. ''The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire'', Cambridge, 1971, t.I: [https://archive.org/details/plre-01-260-395/PLRE01_260-395/page/864/mode/2up 865-871] * Gavin Kelly, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/26322501 Pliny and Symmachus]”, ''Arethusa'', 2013: 261-287 * R. Klein, Symmachus, ''Eine tragische Gestalt des ausgehenden Heidentums'', [[Darmstadium|Darmstadii]], 1971 [https://www.persee.fr/doc/rea_0035-2004_1972_num_74_1_3927_t1_0322_0000_1 Recensio critica] * Otto Koren, ''[https://books.google.fr/books?id=4akiGJ2DkE8C&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ViewAPI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Quaestiones Symmachianae]'', Vindobonae, 1874 '''LATINE''' * Guilelmus Kroll, ''[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015024459482&seq=5 De Q. Aurelii Symmachi studiis graecis et latinis]'', Vratislaviae, 1891 '''LATINE''' * Federico Lizzani, ''Il patrimonio di Q. Aurelius Symmachus a Roma e nel Lazio : una restituzione archeologica dall'epistolario'', Romae, “L'Erma” di Bretschneider, 2024 ISBN 978-88-913-3294-3 * J. F. Matthews, “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/299176 Symmachus and the Oriental Cults]”, ''The Journal of Roman Studies'', 1973: 175-195 ** "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4435183 Symmachus and the "Magister Militum" Theodosius]", ''Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte'', 1971: 122-128 * John Alexander McGeachy, ''Quintus Aurelius Symmachus and the Senatorial Aristocracy of the West'', University of Chicago, 1942 * Jill Mitchell, ''[https://www.academia.edu/118514477/The_Religious_world_of_Quintus_Aurelius_Symmachus The Religious World of Quintus Aurelius Symmachus]'', Trivent Publishing, 2021 * Eugenius Morin, ''[https://books.google.fr/books?id=6c9gM4kqQkIC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ViewAPI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Disquisitio chronologica de dimidia altera quarti saeculi parte juxta Symmachum]'', Parisiis, excudebat Panckoucke, 1847 '''LATINE''' * F. Paschoud (curator), ''Colloque genevois sur Symmaque : à l'occasion du mille six centième anniversaire du conflit de l'autel de la Victoire'', [1984], Les Belles lettres, 1986 ** “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4434878 Reflexions sur l'idéal religieux de Symmaque]”, ''Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte'', 1965: 215-235 * S. Roda, “Simmaco nel gioco politico del suo tempo”, ''Studia et Documenta Historiae et Iuris'', 1973: 53-114 * Michele Renee Salzman, “[https://www.jstor.org/stable/4436821 Symmachus and the ‘Barbarian’ Generals]”, ''Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte'', 2006: 352-367 ** “[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4436116 Reflections on Symmachus' Idea of Tradition]”, ''Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte'', 1989: 348-364 ** “[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2010_act_428_1_9861 Symmachus’ ideal of secular friendship]”, in ''Les frontières du profane dans l’Antiquité tardive'', 2010:247-272 * Ernestus Theodorus Schulze, ''[https://books.google.fr/books?id=hIhHAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false De Q. Aurelii Symmachi vocabulorum formationibus ad sermonem vulgarem pertinentibus]'', Halis Saxonum, 1884 '''LATINE''' * Ramón Teja, ''La más antigua polémica sobre la tolerancia religiosa: el debate entre San Ambrosio de Milán y el senador Símaco sobre el Altar de la Victoria'', Matriti, 2023 ISBN 978-84-19782-23-6 * Cristiana Sogno, ''Q. Aurelius Symmachus : a political biography'', University of Michigan Press, 2006 [https://books.google.fr/books?id=N3qFtZRLuXgC&printsec=frontcover&hl=fr&source=gbs_ViewAPI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Nonnullae paginae apud Guglum librorum] * L. M. A. Viola, ''Quinto Aurelio Simmaco : lo splendore della romanitas : la perfezione dell'uomo religioso romano-italiano e la costituzione della civiltà universale della pace'', Forii, Victrix, 2010 [https://bibcatalogo.uca.es/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=870445&shelfbrowse_itemnumber=2642939] {{NexInt}} * [[Controversia de ara Victoriae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Quintus Aurelius Symmachus|Quintum Aurelium Symmachum}} {{Vicifons|Libri Decem Epistolarum|Libros decem epistolarum}} * [http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~Harsch/Chronologia/Lspost04/Symmachus/sym_re03.html Tertia Relatio Symmachi] * {{BBKL|s/s4/symmachus_a|auctor=Wolfgang Kuhoff|commentatio=SYMMACHUS EUSEBIUS, Q. AURELIUS|tomus=11|columnae=363-366}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090814190634/http://www.acs.ucalgary.ca/~vandersp/Courses/texts/sym-amb/ambrepf.html Ambrosius, Epistulae xvii et xviii] {{Index consulum sub principatu electorum| praedecessores= [[Valentinianus II|Imp. Caesar Flavius Valentinianus Augustus]] IV et [[Flavius Neoterius]]| annus= 391<br />cum<br />[[Flavius Eutolmius Tatianus|Flavio Eutolmio Tatiano]]| successores=[[Arcadius|Imp. Caesar Flavius Arcadius Augustus]] II et [[Flavius Rufinus]]}} {{Anni vitae|saeculo 4|402|Aurelius Symmachus, Quintus}} [[Categoria:Auctores Latini antiqui]] [[Categoria:Praefecti urbi Romae antiqui]] [[Categoria:Gens Symmachia]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Imperii Romani]] [[Categoria:Gens Aurelia]] trat9g4t42awvv3yrmagnc3omd5aqpu Vicipaedia:Automata/Petitiones de categoriis movendis 4 46077 3981865 3954652 2026-08-17T21:31:05Z Grufo 64423 /* Petitiones novae */ [[:Categoria:Operae]] → [[:Categoria:Melodramata]] 3981865 wikitext text/x-wiki In hac pagina licet petitiones facere de categorias automatice (una cum contentis) movendas si laboriosius esset hanc rem manu efficere. Si de errore patenti agitur, bene; si de re controversa, addere oportet nexum ad disputationem respectivam iam conclusam. Opus perficietur si fieri potest. N.B. Enumerare oportet, singulis lineis, singula nomina mutanda iuxta nomina desiderata, sicut infra videtur. == Exempla petitionum == <nowiki>* Move [[:Categoria:Sciptores]] ad [[:Categoria:Scriptores]] (error typographiae: fere 70 paginae insunt). --~~~~</nowiki> <nowiki>* Move [[:Categoria:Homines Italiae]] ad [[:Categoria:Incolae Italiae]] (vide [[Disputatio Categoriae:Homines Italiae]]). --~~~~</nowiki> == Petitiones novae == Hic addite novas petitiones. * Move [[:Categoria:Operae]] ad [[:Categoria:Melodramata]] (vide [[Specialis:Diff/2698623/3041371|hanc petitionem]]). --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Grufo|disputatio]]) 21:31, 17 Augusti 2026 (UTC) == Vide etiam == * [[Disputatio Usoris:Andrew Dalby/Tabularium 1#Litteratura]] [[Categoria:Paginae movendae|!]] [[Categoria:Vicipaedia]] h0gfxti4mer88m78none6w3wp4ofbok Bellum Indosinense II 0 46460 3981834 3978210 2026-08-17T20:57:31Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981834 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L-1}}{{Infobox military conflict |image = [[Fasciculus:Bruce Crandall's UH-1D.jpg|300px|[[Bell UH-1 Iroquois|UH-1D helicopterum]] a Maj. [[Bruce P. Crandall]] conductum per missionem [[quaerere et destruere|quaerendi et destruendi]] ascendit.]] |caption = [[Bell UH-1 Iroquois|UH-1D helicopterum]] a Maj. [[Bruce P. Crandall]] conductum per missionem [[quaerere et destruere|quaerendi et destruendi]] ascendit. |date = [[1 Novembris]] [[1955]] – [[30 Aprilis]] [[1975]] |place = [[Vietnamia Meridiana]], [[Vietnamia Septentrionalis]], [[Cambodia]], [[Laotia]] |causes = Reunificatio Vietnamiae (Vietnam Septentrionalis)<br />[[Ratio Comprehensionis]]<!--Containment Policy--> et [[Doctrina Ludi Domini]] ([[Anglice]] ''Domino Theory''), [[Casus Sinus Tonkin]]<!--Gulf of Tonkin Incident--> (Civitates Foederatae) |territory = Unificatio Vietnamiarum Septentrionalis et Meridianae in [[Socialistica Vietnamiae Res Publica|Socialisticam Vietnamiae Rem Publicam]]. |result = Summa victoria [[Vietnam Septentrionalis|Vietnamiae Septentrionalis]] et [[Viet Cong]] * Recessus [[Vires Armatae Civitatum Foederatarum|Virium Americanarum]] ex [[Indosina]] * Dissolutio [[Vietnamia Meridiana|Vietnamiae Meridianae]] * Gubernationes communisticae dominationem in [[Vietnamia]], [[Cambodia]], et [[Laotia]] capiunt |strength1 = '''~1&thinsp;830&thinsp;000 (1968)'''<br /> Vietnamia Meridiana: 850&thinsp;000<br /> Civitates Foederatae: 536&thinsp;100<br /> [[Vires Militares Mundi Liberi]]: 65&thinsp;000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/mrc/reader/vvmcr.htm |title=Facts about the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Collection |publisher=nps.gov}} De primis copiis terrestribus pugnantibus Americanis in [[Vietnamia Septentrionalis|Vietnamiam Septentrionalem]] per Martium 1965 expositis, diserte Regimento Tertio Classiariorum CFA, Divisionis Tertiae Classiariorum, ad Vietnamiam ab [[Okinawa]] ad defendendum aeroportum apud Da Nang Vietnamiae missis. </ref><br /> Res Publica Coreae: 50&thinsp;000<ref>{{cite book |url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=TGJ9V06p0BQC&pg=PA16 |title=Vietnam Marines 1965–73 |publisher=Books.google.co.uk |date=1965-03-08 |accessdate=2011-04-29}}</ref><br /> [[Australia]]: 7672<br /> [[Thailandia]], [[Philippinae]]: 10&thinsp;450<br /> [[Nova Zelandia]]: 552 |strength2 = ~'''461&thinsp;000'''<br /> Vietnamia Septentrionalis: 287&thinsp;465 (Jan 1968)<ref>Vietnam War After Action Reports, BACM Research, 2009, p. 430.</ref><br /> PRC: 170&thinsp;000 (1969)<br /> [[Unio Sovietica]]: 3000<br /> [[DPR Corea]]: 300–600 '''Summa mortuorum: 315&thinsp;384 – 412&thinsp;000'''<br />'''Summa vulneratorum: ~1&thinsp;490&thinsp;000+''' |casualties3 = <div></div> '''Civiles Vietnamienses mortui''': ~200&thinsp;000–2&thinsp;000&thinsp;000<ref name="afp1995">{{cite news |title=20 Years After Victory, Vietnamese Communists Ponder How to Celebrate |author=Philip Shenon|first=Philip |last=Shenon |url=http://www.nytimes.com/1995/04/23/world/20-years-after-victory-vietnamese-communists-ponder-how-to-celebrate.html |date=23 Aprilis 1995 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |accessdate=24 February 2011 }}</ref><br /> '''Civiles Cambodienses mortui''': 200&thinsp;000–300&thinsp;000*<ref name="Heuveline, Patrick 2001"/><ref name="Marek Sliwinski 1995"/><ref name="Banister, Judith 1993"/><br /> '''Civiles Laotiani mortui''': ~20&thinsp;000–200&thinsp;000*<br /> '''Summa civilium mortuorum: ~420&thinsp;000–2&thinsp;500&thinsp;000'''<br /> '''Summa mortuorum: ~1&thinsp;912&thinsp;846–3&thinsp;992&thinsp;846''' <nowiki>*</nowiki> indicat approximationes}} '''Bellum Vietnamiense,''' etiam '''bellum Indosinense II''' et '''certamen Vietnamiense''' appellatum, et nunc in ipsa regione pertinente '''bellum Americanum''' et '''bella contra Americanos ad conservandam civitatem,'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110429011017/http://vietnamnews.vnagency.com.vn/Social-Isssues/193440/Two-250kg-wartime-bombs-defused.html "Official news source use of the name,"] apud situm vietnamnews.vnagency.com.cn (29 Octobris 2009).</ref> fuit [[Bellum vicarium|certamen militare]] aevi [[Bellum Frigidum|Belli Frigidi]] quod in [[Paeninsula Indosinensis|Paeninsula Indosinensi]], praecipue [[Vietnamia]], [[Laotia]], et [[Cambodia]], a [[1 Novembris]] [[1955]] ad [[casus Saigoniae|casum Saigoniae]] (hodie [[Hochiminhopolis]]) die [[30 Aprilis]] [[1975]] pugnatum est. Hoc certamen [[Bellum Indosinense I]] secutum est, pugnatum inter [[Vietnamia Septentrionalis|Vietnamiam Septentrionalem]], a suis sociis [[communismus|communisticis]], et [[gubernatio]]nem [[Vietnamia Meridiana|Vietnamiae Meridianae]], a [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatibus Foederatis]] et aliis [[civitas|civitatibus]] [[anticommunismus|anticommunisticis]] sustentam.<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica |title=Vietnam War |quote=''Meanwhile, the United States, its military demoralized and its civilian electorate deeply divided, began a process of coming to terms with defeat in its longest and most controversial war'' |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/628478/Vietnam-War |accessdate=5 March 2008}}</ref> [[Viet Cong]], [[organizatio]] Frons Liberationis Reipublicae quoque appellata, [[frons communis]] Vietnamiensis Meridiana leviter armata et a [[communismus|communistis]] coacta, [[bellum irregulare|bellum plerumque irregulare]] contra vires anticommunisticas in regione gessit. Praeterea, [[Exercitus Populorum Vietnamiensis]] [[bellum translaticium|bellum plerumque translaticium]] ausus est, aliquando cum multis copiis proelia iusta committens. Vires [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatum Foederatarum]] et [[Vietnamia Meridionalis|Vietnamiae Meridianae]] [[Dominatio aeria|dominationi aeriae]] et obruentibus [[arma ignifera|armis igniferis]] ad administrandas effectiones [[quaerere et destruere|quaerendi et destruendi]] confisae sunt, inter quas [[Exercitus|vires terrestriales]], [[bombardamentum|bombardamenta]], et [[ictus ex aëre]]. Gubernatio [[Civitates Foederatae Americae|Civitatum Foederatarum]], pro parte latioris artis [[inclusio]]nis,<!--containment--> Vietnamiam Meridianam adiuvabat, ne [[communismus|communistae]] victoriam reportarent; gubernatio autem Vietnamiae Septentrionalis et Viet Cong certamen habebantur [[bellum colonicum]], primum contra [[Francia]]m gestum, a Civitatibus Foederatis sustentum, et deinde contra Vietnamiam Meridianam, quam [[civitas pupalis|civitatem pupalem]]<!--puppet state--> exsistimabant.<ref>{{cite web|author=Digital History, Steven Mintz |url=http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/modules/vietnam/index.cfm |title=The Vietnam War |publisher=Digitalhistory.uh.edu|accessdate=2011-10-31}}</ref> [[Suasor militaris|Suasores militares]] Americani in civitatem quae tum erat [[Indosina Francica]] anno [[1950]] advenerunt. Implicatio<!--involvement--> Civitatum Foederatarum [[decennium 197|decennio 197]] ineunte crescebat, numeris copiarum anno [[1961]] triplicatis, atque iterum triplicatis anno [[1962]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20091006085906/http://25thaviation.org/facts/id430.htm Vietnam War Statistics and Facts, 1], apud situm 25th Aviation Batallion.</ref> Americanae [[organizatio militaris|unitates bellandi]]<!--combat units--> anno [[1965]] committi coeperunt. Rationes<!--Operations--> fines inter civitates transgressae sunt, Laotia et Cambodia magnopere bombardatis. Implicatio Americana apicem anno [[1968]], tempore [[Concursus Tet]]<!--Tet Offensive-->, attigit. Quo facto, terrestres Civitatum Foederatarum copiae secundum consilia [[Vietnamizatio]] appellata gradatim revocabantur, sed contra [[Conventa Pacificatoria Lutetiae]]<!--Paris Peace Accords-->, ab omnibus partibus Ianuario [[1973]] consignata, certamen persistebat. Finivit militaris Civitatum Foederatarum implicatio<!--involvement--> die [[15 Augusti]] [[1973]] propter [[Emendatio Case–Church|Emendationem Case–Church]], partem rogationis a Congressu Civitatum Foederatarum sanctam.<ref>Gabriel Kolko, ''Anatomy of War,'' pp. 457, 461 ff.; ISBN 1-898876-67-3.</ref> [[Casus Saigoniae|Comprehensio Saigoniae]] ab Exercitu Populi Vietnamiensi Aprili [[1975]] finem belli significavit, atque insequente anno Vietnamia Septentrionalis et Meridiana in unam dicionem rite redactae sunt. Bellum permultas effecit neces humanas (vide [[Casus Belli Vietnamiensis]]<!--Vietnam War casualties-->). Iudicia numerorum [[miles|militum]] Vietnamiensium et civilianorum{{dubsig}} interfectorum inter minus quam una milliona<ref>Charles Hirschman et al., "Vietnamese Casualties During the American War: A New Estimate," Population and Development Review, Decembri 1995.</ref> et plus quam tres millionae variantur.<ref>Associated Press, 3 Aprilis 1995, "Vietnam Says 1.1 Million Died Fighting For North."</ref> Fere 200&thinsp;000–300&thinsp;000 [[Populus Khmer|Cambodiani]],<ref name="Heuveline, Patrick 2001">Patrick Heuveline (2001). "The Demographic Analysis of Mortality in Cambodia," in ''Forced Migration and Mortality,'' ed. Holly E. Reed et Charles B. Keely (Vasingtoniae: National Academy Press, 2001).</ref><ref name="Marek Sliwinski 1995">Marek Sliwinski, ''Le Génocide Khmer Rouge: Une Analyse Démographique'' (Lutetiae: L’Harmattan, 1995).</ref><ref name="Banister, Judith 1993">Judith Banister et Paige Johnson (1993). "After the Nightmare: The Population of Cambodia," in ''Genocide and Democracy in Cambodia: The Khmer Rouge, the United Nations and the International Community,'' ed. Ben Kiernan (Portu Novo: Yale University Southeast Asia Studies, 1993).</ref> 20&thinsp;000–200&thinsp;000 [[Populus Lao|Laotiani]],<ref>Roger Warner, ''Shooting at the Moon (1996), p. 366, 30,000 Hmong aestimat.</ref><ref>Obermeyer, "Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia", ''British Medical Journal'' (2008), 60&thinsp;000 in summa aestimat.</ref><ref>T. Lomperis, ''From People's War to People's Rule,'' (1996), 35&thinsp;000 in summa aestimat.</ref><ref>Melvin Small et Joel David Singer, ''Resort to Arms: International and Civil Wars 1816-1980'' (1982), 20&thinsp;000 in summa aestimant.</ref><ref>Charles Lewis Taylor, ''The World Handbook of Political and Social Indicators,'' 20&thinsp;000 in summa aestimat.</ref><ref>Martin Stuart-Fox, ''A History of Laos,'' 200&thinsp;000 ante 1973 aestimat.</ref> et 58&thinsp;220 bellatores Civitatum Foederatarum in certamine mortui sunt. == Nomina belli == Varia [[nomen proprium|nomina]] ad certamen adhibita sunt. '''Bellum Vietnamiense''' ([[Anglice]] ''Vietnam War'') est usitata notio in Civitatibus Foederatis; certamen etiam '''Bellum Indosinense Alterum,''' '''Certamen Vietnamiense'''<!--Vietnam Conflict-->, et '''Certamen in Vietnamia''' appellatur. Quia sunt multa certamina militaria in regione Indosinensi, hoc certamen saepe ex nomine principalis adversarii appellatur ut ab aliis distinguatur.<ref>Harold G. Moore et Joseph L. Galloway, ''We Are Soldiers Still: A Journey Back to the Battlefields of Vietnam'' (p. 57).</ref> Ergo, bellum [[Lingua Vietnamiensis|Vietnamice]] '''Chiến tranh Việt Nam''' (''Bellum Vietnamiense'') atque '''Kháng chiến chống Mỹ''' (''Bellum Americae Resistendae,'' sensu lato ''Bellum Americanum'') appellatur.<ref>{{cite web|title=Asian-Nation: Asian American History, Demographics, &amp; Issues:: The American / Viet Nam War|quote=The Viet Nam War is also called 'The American War' by the Vietnamese |url=http://www.asian-nation.org/vietnam-war.shtml |accessdate=18 Augusti 2008}}.</ref> Principales [[organizatio]]nes militares quae bellum gerebant in alio latere [[Exercitus Respublicae Vietnamiae]] et militares Civitatum Foederatarum vires, et in alio latere [[Exercitus Populorum Vietnamiae]] (etiam Exercitus Vietnamiensis Septentrionalis appellatus), et [[Viet Cong]], rite Frons Nationalis pro Vietnamia Meridiana Liberata, [[communismus|communisticae]] Vietnamiae Meridianae vires tumultuariae<!--guerrilla--> erant. == Scaena usque ad 1949 == <!--{{Vide etiam|Historia Vietnamiae|Expeditio Cochinsinae{{dubsig}}|Can Vuong|Viet Nam Quoc Dan Dang|Seditio Yen Bai}}--> Francia [[Indosina]]m [[decennium 186|decennio 186]] exeunte vincere coepit, et pacificationem ante [[1893]] confecit.<ref>Keat Gin Ooi, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=QKgraWbb7yoC Southeast Asia: a historical encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor]''. ABC-CLIO; 2004. ISBN 978-1-57607-770-2, p. [http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=QKgraWbb7yoC&pg=PA520 520].</ref><ref>Lajpat Rai, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=QQ_nS6pTlDgC Social Science]{{Nexus deficitur|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}''. FK Publications; ISBN 978-81-89611-12-5, p. [http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=QQ_nS6pTlDgC&pg=PA22 22]{{Nexus deficitur|date=January 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.</ref><ref>Arthur J. Dommen, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=MauWlUjuWNsC The Indochinese experience of the French and the Americans: nationalism and communism in Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam]'' (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2001), ISBN 978-0-253-33854-9, p. [http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=MauWlUjuWNsC&pg=PA4 4–19].</ref> [[Pactio Huế (1884)|Pactio Huế]], anno [[1884]] facta, decennia [[septem]] fuit fundamenta dominationis Francicae. Contra homines qui resistebant, notissime [[Can Vuong]] ex [[Phan Dinh Phung]], regio hodiernarum civitatum [[Cambodia]]e et [[Vietnamia]]e ante [[1888]] facta est [[colonialismus|colonia]] [[Indosina Francica]] ([[Laotia]] deinde addita).<ref>Jonathan Neale, ''The American War'', p. 3, ISBN 1-898876-67-3.</ref> Varii motus Vietnamienses qui dominatui Francico repugnabant illo tempore exsistebant, sicut [[Viet Nam Quoc Dan Dang]], qui [[seditio Yen Bai|seditionem Yen Bai]] conatum improsperum anno [[1930]] concitaverunt, sed nulli fuerunt tam felices quam [[frons communis]] [[Việt Minh]] appellatus, anno [[1941]] conditus, a [[Factio Communista Vietnamiae|Factione Communista Indosinensi]] temperatus, atque a [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatibus Foederatis]] et [[Kuomintang|Factione Nationalista Sinensi]] subsidiis [[pecunia]]e fultus in contentionibus cum imperio [[Iaponia|Iaponiensi]].<ref name="Neale, Jonathan page 17">Jonathan Neale, ''The American War'', p. 17, ISBN 1-898876-67-3.</ref> [[Francia]] his annis a [[Germania|Germanos]] debellata, [[regimen Viciacense|regimine Viciacensi]] Germanorum Nazistarum [[cliens (civitas)|cliente]] instaurata, gubernatores Indosinae Francici se ad id regimen submiserunt [[Iaponia|Iaponensibusque]], Germanorum sociis, mense Septembri 1940 Indosinam oppugnantibus, magna parte collaborabant, administrationem harum regionum sub hoc imperio absolventes. Societas ergo [[Việt Minh]], libertatem contra Francicos a principio postulans, contra Iaponenses etiam militabat. Quo tempore Germani e Francia recedere coeperunt, Francici in Indosina manentes se cum regimine [[Francia libera|libero Francico]] (duce [[Carolus de Gaulle|de Gaulle]]) coniungere conati sunt. Qua re suspecta Iaponenses a die [[9 Martii]] [[1945]] gubernatores Francicos detinuerunt novumque regimen sibi fidele erexerunt, praeposito imperatore [[Bảo Đại]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Aeroportus Internationalis Da Nang]] * [[Bellum Pacificum]] * [[Contracultura annorum 1960]] * [[Cuniculus Cu Chi]] * [[Discrimen Buddhisticum anni 1963]] * [[Monumentum Veteranorum Vietnamensium]] * [[Yui Chunoshin]] == Annotationes == <div class="references-small"><references group="A"/></div> == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == [[Fasciculus:Southvietmap.jpg|thumb|Tabula Vietnamiae Meridianae]] === Fontes secundarii === * Anderson, David L. [[2004]]. ''Columbia Guide to the Vietnam War.'' * Baker, Kevin. [[2006]]. "Stabbed in the Back! The past and future of a right-wing myth", ''Harper's Magazine'' (Iunio) {{cite web|url = http://www.harpers.org/archive/2006/06/0081080 |title = Stabbed in the back! The past and future of a right-wing myth (Harper's Magazine) |accessdate = 11 June 2008}} * Angio, Joe. [[2007]]. ''Nixon a Presidency Revealed.'' The History Channel television documentary. * Berman, Larry. [[1991]]. ''Lyndon Johnson's War: The Road to Stalemate.'' * Blaufarb, Douglas. [[1977]]. ''The Counterinsurgency Era.'' * Brigham, Robert K. ''Battlefield Vietnam: A Brief History.'' Situs interretialis PBS. * Brocheux, Pierre. [[2007]]. ''Ho Chi Minh: A Biography.'' Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-85062-9.[http://books.google.com.ph/books?id=fJtqjYiVbUAC&pg=PA198 Google.] * Buckley, Kevin. [[1972]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120510130004/http://chss.montclair.edu/english/furr/Vietnam/buckley.html "Pacification’s Deadly Price"], ''Newsweek'', 19 Iuni. * Buzzanco, Bob. [[2000]]. "25 Years After End of Vietnam War: Myths Keep Us From Coming To Terms With Vietnam." ''The Baltimore Sun'' (17 Aprilis) {{cite web|url = http://www.commondreams.org/views/041700-106.htm |title = 25 Years After End Of Vietnam War Myths Keep Us From Coming To Terms With Vietnam |accessdate =11 June 2008}} * Church, Peter, ed. [[2006]]. ''A Short History of South-East Asia.'' * Cooper, Chester L. [[1970]]. ''The Lost Crusade: America in Vietnam.'' * Courtwright, David T. [[2005]]. ''Sky as Frontier: Adventure, Aviation, and Empire.'' Texas A&M University Press. ISBN 1-58544-419-7. * Demma, Vincent H. [[1989]]. "The U.S. Army in Vietnam." ''American Military History.'' <!--the official history of the United States Army. Available [http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/academic/history/marshall/military/vietnam/short.history/chap_28.txt online]--> * Dennis, Peter, et al. [[2008]]. ''The Oxford Companion to Australian Military History.'' Ed. 2a. Melbourni: Oxford University Press Australia & New Zealand. ISBN 978-0-19-551784-2. * {{cite web|ref=harv|last=DoD|date= 6 November 1998|url = http://www.defense.gov/releases/release.aspx?releaseid=1902|title = Name of Technical Sergeant Richard B. Fitzgibbon to be added to the Vietnam Veterans Memorial|publisher = [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense (DoD)]]| accessdate = 31 March 2010 |quote=}} * Duiker, William J. [[1996]]. ''The Communist Road to Power in Vietnam.'' * Duncanson, Dennis J. [[1968]]. ''Government and Revolution in Vietnam.'' * Fincher, Ernest Barksdale. [[1980]]. ''The Vietnam War.'' * Ford, Harold P. [[1998]]. ''CIA and the Vietnam Policymakers: Three Episodes, 1962–1968.'' * Gerdes, Louise I. ed. [[2005]]. ''Examining Issues Through Political Cartoons: The Vietnam War.'' * Gettleman, Marvin E., Jane Franklin, Marilyn Young. [[1995]]. ''Vietnam and America: A Documented History.'' * Hammond, William. [[1987]]. ''Public Affairs: The Military and the Media, 1962–1968.'' + [[1995]]. ''Public Affairs: The Military and the Media, 1068–1973.'' * Herring, George C. [[2001]]. ''America's Longest War: The United States and Vietnam, 1950–1975.'' Ed. 4a. * Hitchens, Christopher. ''The Vietnam Syndrome.'' * Karnow, Stanley. [[1991]]. ''Vietnam: A History.'' [[Penguin Books|Viking Press]]. ISBN 0-670-84218-4. * Kutler, Stanley ed. [[1996]]. ''Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War.'' * Lawrence, A. T. [[2009]]. ''Crucible Vietnam: Memoir of an Infantry Lieutenant.'' McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-4517-3. * Leepson, Marc ed. [[1999]]. ''Dictionary of the Vietnam War.'' Novi Eboraci:: Webster's New World. * Lewy, Guenter. [[1978]]. ''America in Vietnam.'' * Logevall, Fredrik. [[2001]]. ''The Origins of the Vietnam War.'' Seminar Studies in History. Longman. * McMahon, Robert J. [[1995]]. ''Major Problems in the History of the Vietnam War: Documents and Essays.'' * McNamara, Robert, James Blight, Robert Brigham, Thomas Biersteker, Herbert Schandler. [[1999]]. ''Argument Without End: In Search of Answers to the Vietnam Tragedy.'' Public Affairs. * McGibbon, Ian. [[2000]]. ''The Oxford Companion to New Zealand Military History.'' Aucopolis: Oxford University Press ISBN 01955837600 * McNeill, Ian. [[1993]]. ''To Long Tan: The Australian Army and the Vietnam War 1950–1966.'' St Leonards: Allen & Unwin ISBN 1-86373-282-9. * Milne, David. [[2008]]. ''America's Rasputin: Walt Rostow and the Vietnam War.'' Hill & Wang. * Moise, Edwin E. [[2002]]. ''Historical Dictionary of the Vietnam War.'' * Moïse,Edwin E. [[1996]]. ''Tonkin Gulf and the escalation of the Vietnam War.'' UNC Press. ISBN 0-8078-2300-7. * Moss, George D. [[2002]]. ''Vietnam.'' Ed. 4a. * Moyar, Mark. [[2006]]. ''Triumph Forsaken: The Vietnam War, 1954–1965.'' Cambridge University Press * Major General [[Spurgeon Neel]]. [[1991]]. ''Medical Support of the U.S. Army in Vietnam 1965–1970.'' Department of the Army. * Nulty, Bernard. [[1998]]. ''The Vietnam War.'' Novi Eboraci: Barnes and Noble. * Osborn, Terry A. [[2002]]. ''The Future of Foreign Language Education in the United States.'' Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-89789-719-8. * Palmer, Bruce, Jr. [[1984]]. ''The Twenty-Five Year War.'' * Schell, Jonathan. [[1976]]. ''The Time of Illusion.'' * Schulzinger, Robert D. [[1997]]. ''A Time for War: The United States and Vietnam, 1941–1975.'' * Sorley, Lewis. [[1999]]. ''A Better War: The Unexamined Victories and Final Tragedy of America's Last Years in Vietnam.'' ISBN 0-15-601309-6. * Spector, Ronald. [[1992]]. ''After Tet: The Bloodiest Year in Vietnam.'' * Stanton, Shelby L. [[2003]]. ''Vietnam Order of Battle.'' Stackpole Books. ISBN 0-8117-0071-2. * Summers, Harry G. [[1982]]. [http://books.google.com/books?id=-Z4l-ZySVWwC ''On Strategy: A Critical Analysis of the Vietnam War.''] Presidio Press. ISBN 0-89141-563-7. * Tucker, Spencer, ed. [[1998]]. ''Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War.'' 3 vol. * Wells, Tom. 1994. ''The War Within: America's battle over Vietnam.'' Berkeleiae: University of California Press. ISBN 0 520 08367 9 {{Google Books|gR8iHRUaOsIC|Paginae selectae}} * Willbanks, James H. [[2009]]. [http://books.google.com/books?id=X5WWklFB5O4C ''Vietnam War Almanac.''] Infobase Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8160-7102-9 * Witz, James J. [[1991]]. ''The Tet Offensive: Intelligence Failure in War.'' * Young, Marilyn, B. [[1991]]. ''The Vietnam Wars: 1945–1990.'' * Xiaoming, Zhang. [[2005]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160820015246/http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online "China's 1979 War With Vietnam: A Reassessment."] ''China Quarterly'' 184(Decembris). === Fontes primarii === * Carter, Jimmy. [[1977]]. ''[http://www.usdoj.gov/pardon/carter_proclamation.htm "By The President Of The United States Of America, A Proclamation Granting Pardon For Violations Of The Selective Service Act], 4 August 1964 To 28 March 1973,'' die 21 Ianuarii edicta. * Central Intelligence Agency. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20101229000748/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/la.html#history Laos]", ''CIA World Factbook'' * Kolko, Gabriel. [https://web.archive.org/web/20071012020407/http://counterpunch.org/kolko04292005.html The End of the Vietnam War, 30 Years Later.] * Eisenhower, Dwight D. [[1963]]. ''Mandate for Change.'' * Ho, Chi Minh. [[1960]]-[[1962]]. "Vietnam Declaration of Independence", ''Selected Works.'' Scripturae dilectae. * LeMay, General Curtis E., et MacKinlay Kantor. [[1965]]. ''Mission with LeMay.'' * Kissinger, United States Secretary of State Henry A. [[1975]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070609093415/http://www.ford.utexas.edu/library/exhibits/vietnam/750512a.htm "Lessons on Vietnam." memoranda secreta ad Praesidem Ford] * Kim A. O'Connell, ed. [[2006]]. ''Primary Source Accounts of the Vietnam War.'' * McCain, John. [[1999]]. ''Faith of My Fathers: A Family Memoir.'' * Marshall, Kathryn. [[1987]]. ''In the Combat Zone: An Oral History of American Women in Vietnam, 1966–1975.'' * Martin, John Bartlow. [[1964]]. ''Was Kennedy Planning to Pull out of Vietnam?'' <!--Oral history for the John F. Kennedy Library, tape V, reel 1.--> * Myers, Thomas. [[1966]]. ''Walking Point: American Narratives of Vietnam.'' * ''Public Papers of the Presidents, 1965.'' [[1966]].<!-- official documents of U.S. presidents.--> * Schlesinger, Arthur M. Jr. [[1978]]. ''Robert Kennedy and His Times.'' * Sinhanouk, Prince Norodom. "Cambodia Neutral: The Dictates of Necessity."<!-- ''Foreign Affairs.'' [[1958]]. describes the geopolitical situation of Cambodia--> * Tang, Truong Nhu. [[1985]]. ''A Vietcong Memoir.'' * Terry, Wallace, ed. [[1984]]. ''Bloods: An Oral History of the Vietnam War by Black Veterans.'' * {{Cite book|ref=harv| last =Truong|first= Nhu T?ng; David Chanoff, Van Toai Doan| authorlink = Truong Nhu T?ng| title = A Vietcong memoir|url=https://archive.org/details/vietcongmemoir00trng|edition=1985|year=1985| publisher = [[Harcourt Brace Jovanovich]]| isbn= 9780151936366}} Total pages: 350<!-- *The landmark series Vietnam: A Television History, first broadcast in 1983, is a special presentation of the award-winning PBS history series, American Experience. --> * ''The Pentagon Papers.'' [[1971]]. 5 vol. Gravel ed. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180818075800/http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/pentagon/pent1.html excerpts] <!-- *U.S. Department of State. ''Foreign Relations of the United States'' (multivolume collection of official secret documents) [http://www.state.gov/www/about_state/history/vol_i/index.html vol 1: 1964]; [http://www.state.gov/www/about_state/history/vol_ii/index.html vol 2: 1965]; [http://www.state.gov/www/about_state/history/vol_ii/index.html vol 3: 1965]; [http://www.state.gov/www/about_state/history/vol_iv/index.html vol 4: 1966]. *U.S. Department of Defense and the House Committee on Armed Services. ''U.S.-Vietnam Relations, 1945–1967.'' Washington, D.C. Department of Defense and the House Committee on Armed Services, 1971, 12 volumes.--> * Vann, John Paul. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110429011907/http://www.answers.com/topix/john-paul-vann-44k ''Quotes from Answers.com''] De Lt. Colonel, U.S. Army, DFC, DSC, advisor to the ARVN 7th Division<!--, early critic of the conduct of the war--> === Historiographia === * Hall, Simon. [[2009]]. "Scholarly Battles over the Vietnam War." ''Historical Journal'' 52 (Sept.): 813–829. == Nexus externi == * [http://www.vietnam.ttu.edu/virtualarchive/ Archivum virtuale Vietnamiae] apud situm www.vietnam.ttu.edu (Texas Tech University) * [http://www.pbs.org/battlefieldvietnam/history/index.html "Battlefield Vietnam,"] apud situm pbs.org * [http://www.rjsmith.com/kia_tbl.html Casualties – U.S. vs NVA/VC] * [http://www.globalissues.org/article/402/media-propaganda-and-vietnam Bellum, propaganda, media: Vietnamia,] apud situm globalissues.org * [http://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war Bellum Vietnamiense in "The History Channel,"] apud situm history.com * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130117082341/http://tigger.uic.edu/~rjensen/vietnam.html Bibliographia Belli Vietnamiensis,] apud situm tigger.uic.edu * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120813005227/http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/vietnam.htm Documenta de Propositis Externis CFA de Vietnamia,] apud situm mtholyoke.edu * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120612065456/http://www.militaryhistoryonline.com/vietnam/vietnamization/default.aspx Effectus Vietnamizationis in Copias Armatas Vietnamiae, 1969–1972,] apud situm militaryhistoryonline.com * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304190342/http://cdm164001.cdmhost.com/krogh/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=%2Fp164001coll21&CISOPTR=116&CISOBOX=1&REC=1 "Fallout of the War,"] apud situm cdm164001.cdmhost.com * [http://www.americanethnography.com/article.php?id=63 "On collecting engraved Zippos from the Vietnam War,"] apud situm americanethnography.com (American Ethnography) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20180818075800/http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/pentagon/pent1.html Texts editionis Gravel "Pentagon Papers"] apud situm mtholyoke.edu * [http://www2.iath.virginia.edu/sixties/HTML_docs/Resources/Glossary/Sixties_Term_Gloss_K_P.html Glossarium terminorum militarium et ''slang'' ex bello,] apud situm iath.virginia.edu * [http://www.historycommons.org/project.jsp?project=US_interventions_project Historia interventionum CFA, a Mitchell Derek scripta,] apud situm historycommons.org * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110430050258/http://content.library.ccsu.edu/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=%2FVHP&CISOPTR=5558&CISOBOX=1&REC=1 Impressiones Vietnamiae et descriptiones vitae quotidianae militis Elliott Gardner, Exercitus CFA,] apud situm content.library.ccsu.edu * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120218035724/http://www.vietfederation.ca/30-4-00/TonThatThien.htm Cogitationes severae de 30 Aprilis: "The South Vietnam Liberation Front and Hanoi, Myth and Reality,"] oratio a priore Administro Informationis Reipublicae Vietnamiensis,] apud situm vietfederation.ca * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121024150216/http://www.gettysburg.edu/special_collections/collections/manuscripts/collections/ms044.dot Stephen H. Warner, Congeries Photogrammatum Asiae Meridio-Orientalis apud Collegium Gettysburgense,] apud situm gettysburg.edu * [http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/academic/history/marshall/military/vietnam/short.history/chap_28.txt ''The U.S. Army in Vietnam,'' historia publica Exercitus Civitatum Foederatarum,] apud situm ibiblio.org * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050403230616/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/vietnam/timeline/ Tempus Belli Vietnamiensis,] apud situm pbs.org * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110501134722/http://www.historycommons.org/timeline.jsp?timeline=vietnam Tempus: CFA–Vietnamia (1947–2001)] in "Open-Content Project," apud situm historycommons.org * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230703102427/http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/pacificaviet/ "UC Berkeley Library Social Activism Sound Recording Project: Anti-Vietnam War Protests,"] apud situm lib.lberkeley.edu * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120812102745/http://www.gisearch.com/ "Vietnam Casualties database searchable by first name, last name and location,"] apud situm gisearch.com * [http://www.vietnam.ttu.edu/virtualarchive/ Virtuale Vietnamiae Archivum,] apud vietnam.ttu.edu {{Bellum 1955 Indosinense}} {{1000 paginae}} {{Myrias|Historia}} [[Categoria:Cambodia]] [[Categoria:Laotia]] [[Categoria:Bellum Frigidum]] [[Categoria:Bellum Indosinense II|!]] [[Categoria:Historia Vietnamiae]] [[Categoria:Historia Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Dwight D. Eisenhower]] [[Categoria:Geraldus Ford]] [[Categoria:Praefectura Ioannis F. Kennedy]] [[Categoria:Lyndon B. Johnson]] [[Categoria:Ricardus Nixon]] qcpio9gtc5cenk9dehew7d1lgop9me8 Categoria:Opera 14 49956 3981845 3087307 2026-08-17T21:08:25Z Grufo 64423 +{{[[Formula:Categoria formulis quoque suppleta|Categoria formulis quoque suppleta]]}} 3981845 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Categoria formulis quoque suppleta | Res de opere | Res de opere quod sic incipit }} {{CommuniaCat|Works}} [[Categoria:Omnia]] ge2ocw66or3vgaeauycpiyyci8xluu4 3981949 3981845 2026-08-18T01:57:44Z Grufo 64423 +{{[[Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit typibus italicis|Res de opere quod sic incipit typibus italicis]]}} 3981949 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Categoria formulis quoque suppleta | Res de opere | Res de opere quod sic incipit | Res de opere quod sic incipit typibus italicis }} {{CommuniaCat|Works}} [[Categoria:Omnia]] 12q6u9mh9jebfvfmpcx78b4sr9ckml7 3981957 3981949 2026-08-18T02:02:14Z Grufo 64423 -{{[[Formula:Categoria formulis quoque suppleta|Categoria formulis quoque suppleta]]}}: Nunc in [[:Categoria:Opera omnia|aliam categoriam]] hae paginae stipantur 3981957 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CommuniaCat|Works}} [[Categoria:Omnia]] fmmgakwckj1ek7zp6x1fi71gxcg63q8 Bella Illyrica 0 51390 3981833 3506589 2026-08-17T20:55:29Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981833 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Bella Illyrica''' fuerunt [[bellum|bella]] a [[Roma antiqua|Romanis]] contra gentes [[Illyria|Illyricas]] ab anno [[229 a.C.n.]] usque ad annum [[218 a.C.n.]] ducta. == Primum bellum Illyricum == Exercitus classisque Illyrorum, duce [[Scerdilaidas|Scerdilaida]], praedorati sunt [[Corcyra|insulam Corcyram]]. Romani pugnaverunt contra [[Teuta|Teutam]] reginam Ardiaeorum, uxor mortui regis [[Agron|Agronis]], quia illa legatum Romanum interfecit. Teuta classem maiorem collegit sed quoque Romani magnam classem collegerunt. Post proelium navalis ad Paxa [[Demetrius Pharius]], foederatus Teutae, dux insulae Corcyrae factus est ab Ardiaeis. Sed Demetrius reginam Teutam prodidit et Romanis tradidit suam insulam. Classis Romanorum, [[Gnaeus Fulvius Cn.f. Centumalus|Gnaeo Fulvio Centumalo]] duce, ex Corcyra profecta est ad urbem [[Apollonia (Aetolia)|Apolloniam]]. Romani Dyrrhachium, regnum Ardiaeorum et insulam Issam ceperunt. Teuta ad [[Risinium]] fugit cum paucis militibus. Anno 227 a.C.n. Teuta legatos misit ad petenda pacem et bellum finem habuit. Postea Teuta mortua est: regina dicitur ex monte in [[Mons Niger|Monte Nigro]] se iecisse. <br /> == Secundum bellum Illyricum == Demetrius Pharius cum rege [[Antigonus Doson|Antigono Dosone]] foedus fecit et eum auxilium tulit in bellum contra regem [[Cleomenes III|Cleomenem III]] Spartae. Romani illo tempore contra Gallos in Gallia Cisalpina pugnabant. Piratae Demetrii praedorati sunt oppida Illyrica et [[Cyclades|insulas Cyclades]]. Piratae [[Pylos|Pylum]] expugnaverunt, praesidium in Dyrrachio et praesidium 6000 militum in [[Pharia|insula Pharia]] misa sunt. Macedones nihil fecerunt sed Romani bellum paraverunt: acta Demetrii fera ac crudelia erant et conditiones pacis observatae non fuerunt. Anno 219 a.C.n. classis Romana, duce [[Lucius Aemilius Paullus (consul 219 a.C.n.)|Lucio Aemilio Paullo]], iubente Senatu profecta est et brevi tempore oppida hostium expugnavit: Dyrrachium expugnata fuit septem diebus. Insula Pharia capta est et deleta est. Demetrius prope [[Philippus V (rex Macedonum)|Philippum V]] Macedoniae fugit, ubi vixit usque ad mortem. Lucius Aemilius Paullus tota Illyria cepit et iubente Autumno rediit Romae. == Bibliographia == * Gruen, Erich S. (1984). ''The Hellenistic World and the Coming of Rome: Volume II''. Berkeley: University of California Press. * Zock, Paul A. (1998). Ancient Rome: An Introductory History. Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. {{NexInt}} * [[Index regum Illyricorum]] == Nexus externi == {{communia|Illyria & Illyrians|Illyriam}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080612062319/http://www.unrv.com/empire/first-illyrian-war.php Primum bellum Illyricum] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080628062856/http://www.unrv.com/empire/second-illyrian-war.php Secundum bellum Illyricum] {{hist-stipula}} [[Categoria:Bella Romanorum|Illyrica bella]] [[Categoria:Dalmatia]] [[Categoria:Saeculum 3 a.C.n.]] [[Categoria:Illyrii]] n1jktkhlubanvph0guhevkquzpvi6mf Stanislaus Lalanne 0 52200 3981939 2849298 2026-08-18T01:34:06Z Bartholomite 116968 rip 3981939 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Stanislaus Lalanne}} (natus die [[3 Augusti]] [[1948]] in [[Mettis|Metti]] in praefecura [[Mosella (praefectura Franciae)|Mosella]]; mortuus die [[17 Augusti]] [[2026]]), [[presbyter]] [[Sacri Ordines|ordinatus]] die [[8 Novembris]] [[1975]], fuit ab anno [[2007]] [[Cossedia]]e et [[Abrinca]]e [[episcopus]] (Dioecesis Constantiensis (-Abrincensis)), antea dioecesis [[Versaliae|Versaliarum]] [[episcopus auxiliaris]] (1997 – 1999) et ab anno 1999 usque ad annum [[2007]] [[Conferentia Episcopalis Francica|Conferentiae Episcopalis Francicae]] vicarius secretarius generalis et secretarius generalis fuerat. Apud [[curia Romana|curiam Romanam]] Lalanne est [[Pontificium Consilium de Communicationibus Socialibus|Pontificii Consilii de Communicationibus Socialibus]] consiliarius. == Nexus externi == * {{CathHierBishop|lalanne}} * [http://www.cef.fr/catho/personnalites/lalanne.php Biographia] in pagina [[Conferentia Episcopalis Francica]] {{ling|Francice}} * [http://eucharistiemisericor.free.fr/index.php?page=0404073_lalanne De Stanislao Lalanne apud eucharistiemisericord.fr] {{ling| Francice }} {{bio-stipula}} {{Anni vitae|1948|2026|Lalanne, Stanislaus}} [[Categoria:Episcopi Franciae]] [[Categoria:Episcopi Ecclesiae Catholicae]] rnb88dyi4b8h6nwj3vz45pgqfls458i 3981940 3981939 2026-08-18T01:35:34Z Bartholomite 116968 3981940 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Stanislaus Maria Georgius Iudas Lalanne}} (natus die [[3 Augusti]] [[1948]] in [[Mettis|Metti]] in praefecura [[Mosella (praefectura Franciae)|Mosella]]; mortuus die [[17 Augusti]] [[2026]]), [[presbyter]] [[Sacri Ordines|ordinatus]] die [[8 Novembris]] [[1975]], fuit ab anno [[2007]] [[Cossedia]]e et [[Abrinca]]e [[episcopus]] (Dioecesis Constantiensis (-Abrincensis)), antea dioecesis [[Versaliae|Versaliarum]] [[episcopus auxiliaris]] (1997 – 1999) et ab anno 1999 usque ad annum [[2007]] [[Conferentia Episcopalis Francica|Conferentiae Episcopalis Francicae]] vicarius secretarius generalis et secretarius generalis fuerat. Apud [[curia Romana|curiam Romanam]] Lalanne est [[Pontificium Consilium de Communicationibus Socialibus|Pontificii Consilii de Communicationibus Socialibus]] consiliarius. == Nexus externi == * {{CathHierBishop|lalanne}} * [http://www.cef.fr/catho/personnalites/lalanne.php Biographia] in pagina [[Conferentia Episcopalis Francica]] {{ling|Francice}} * [http://eucharistiemisericor.free.fr/index.php?page=0404073_lalanne De Stanislao Lalanne apud eucharistiemisericord.fr] {{ling| Francice }} {{bio-stipula}} {{Anni vitae|1948|2026|Lalanne, Stanislaus}} [[Categoria:Episcopi Franciae]] [[Categoria:Episcopi Ecclesiae Catholicae]] 01ba3s3c8yj2gvgyto5w58nd2r3wmsn Bernardus de Ventadorn 0 53475 3981864 3416641 2026-08-17T21:27:36Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981864 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} '''Bernardus de Ventadorn''', qui saeculo XII floruit, fuit [[trobator]], regionis [[Lemovicensis]] nativus. Temporibus comitis [[Raimundus V (comes Tolosanus)|Raimundi V]] aulam Tolosanam frequentavit.<ref>Joseph Anglade, ''Les troubadours de Toulouse'' (Tolosae: Privat, 1928) pp. 14-17.</ref> {{Citatio3|Ben es mortz qui al cor non sen<br />D’amor qualque doussa sabor;<br />E que val viure ses amor<br />Mas per enuey far a la gen?|Bernardus de Ventadorn||Mortuus est qui ad cor non sentit aliquem dulcem saporem amoris; et quid valet vivere sine amore nisi ut aliis obnoxium simus?|}} == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * C. Appel, ''Bernart von Ventadorn''. Halle, 1915. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060511061112/http://www.trobar.org/troubadours/bernart_de_ventadorn/ Opera omnia] {{Ling|Occitanice}} [[Categoria:Auctores Occitanici]] [[Categoria:Trobatores]] [[Categoria:Nati saeculo 12]] [[Categoria:Mortui saeculo 12]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Franciae]] 5ih6ngr5ylvp976i57zuey0n2t0ftbi Abbatia Teudalda 0 67633 3981791 3822223 2026-08-17T12:18:42Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981791 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Abbatia (discretiva)}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Badia_tedalda,_municipio.jpg|thumb|Abbatiae Teudaldae Forum Magnum]] '''Abbatia Teudalda'''<ref>{{Repetti}}</ref> (alia nomina: ''Abbatia de Thedaldis''<ref>[http://notes9.senato.it/w3/Biblioteca/catalogoDegliStatutiMedievali.nsf/de148d287da34e08c1256e4c002f1718/584687f016b08db1c1256f9a00406632?OpenDocument Badia Tedalda I 1, I - Statuti dei comuni, 1490-1724]{{Nexus deficit|date=March 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>) ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Badia Tedalda|Badia Tedalda]]'') est [[oppidum]] [[Italia]]e et [[Commune Italiae|municipium]], circiter 1&thinsp;070 incolarum, in [[Regio Italiae|Regione]] [[Tuscia]], in [[Provincia Arretina]] ac in [[Romandiola]], historica ac geographica terra, situm. Incolae ''Abbatiali'' appellantur. == Insigne == <gallery> Fasciculus:Corona di comune.svg|''[[Municipium Italiae]]'' </gallery> == Geographia == * [[Romandiola]] (''terra''), * [[Mons Feretri]] (''terra''), == Ecclesia Catholica Romana == * [[Dioecesis Arretina-Cortonensis-Biturgensis]] == Fractiones, vici et loci in municipio == === Fractiones === ''Ca' Raffaello, Caprile, Castellacciola, Cicognaia, Fresciano-Montebotolino, Montelabreve, Pratieghi, Rofelle, Sant'Andrea, Stiavola, Viamaggio'' === [[Inclavatura et exclavatura|Exclavaturae]] === Vici municipii ''[[Inclavatura et exclavatura|exclavaturae]]'' et Tusciae in Aemilia et Romania: * [[Mons Ritundus (Abbatia Teudalda)|Mons Ritundus]] ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Monterotondo (Badia Tedalda)|Monterotondo]]''), * [[Fanum Sanctae Sophiae Vallis Ariminensis]] ([[Lingua Italiana|Italiane]]: ''[[:it:Santa Sofia Marecchia|Santa Sofia Marecchia]]''), == Municipia finitima == * [[Burgus Pacis]] ([[Provincia Pisaurensis et Urbinas|PU]]), * [[Castrum Illicis]] ([[Provincia Ariminensis|RN]]), * [[Pinnabilia]] ([[Provincia Ariminensis|RN]]), * [[Plebs Sancti Stephani]], olim [[Oppidum Veronae]], * [[Burgus Sancti Sepulcri]], * [[Fanum Sanctae Agathae Feretranae]] ([[Provincia Ariminensis|RN]]), * [[Sentinum (Tuscia)|Sentinum]], * [[Vergheretum]] ([[Provincia Foroliviensis et Caesenas|FC]]). {{NexInt}} * [[Tuscia]] (''regio''), * [[Provincia Arretina]], * [[Romandiola]] (''terra''), * [[Mons Feretri]] (''terra''), * [[Arretium]] (''urbs''), * [[Municipium Italiae]]. == Nexus externi == * [http://www.badiatedalda.net/ Situs publicus] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070608075611/http://www.prolocobadiatedalda.it/ Situs Pro Loco Abbatiae Teudaldae] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} {{CommuniaCat|Badia Tedalda|Abbatiam Teudaldam}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:Map of comune of Badia Tedalda (province of Arezzo, region Tuscany, Italy).svg|Collocatio finium Municipii in Provincia Arretina. Imago:Santa Sofia Marecchia panorama.jpg|Despectus in [[Fanum Sanctae Sophiae Vallis Ariminensis]]. </gallery> == Notae == <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia in provincia Arretii]] [[Categoria:Municipia feretrana]] [[Categoria:Municipia Romandiolae]] [[Categoria:Inclavaturae et exclavaturae in Italia]] n1d1dfifdu7vc0zepybcjn6ueua48s8 Hermannus Auerbach 0 70398 3981801 3718346 2026-08-17T16:57:50Z LilyKitty 18316 categoriam addo 3981801 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Videdis|Auerbach}} ''' Hermannus Auerbach''' (natus familia [[Iudaei|Iudaica]] die [[26 Octobris]] [[1901]] in [[Ternopil]]; mortuus in [[Castra carceralia|Castris carceralibus]] [[Belzec]] die [[17 Augusti]] [[1942]]) fuit [[mathematicus]] [[Polonia|Polonus]] scholae mathematicae quae [[universitas Leopolitana|Leopolitana]] dicitur. ==Bibliographia == * Auerbach, Hermannus. [[1929]]. ''O polu krzywych wypukłych o średnicach sprzężonych'' ('Über Flächen von konvexen Kurven mit konjugierten Durchmessern'). Dissertatio apud [[Universitas Leopolitana|Universitatem Leopolensem]]. ==Nexus externus== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090221013011/http://gumienny.edu.pl/materialy/historia/biografie2.htm De Hermanno Auerbach apud pagina mathematicis Polonicis dicatam] {{Ling| Polonice}} {{bio-stipula}} {{Lifetime|1901|1942|Auerbach, Hermannus}} [[Categoria:Iudaei]] [[Categoria:Mathematici Poloniae]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Leopolitanae]] [[Categoria:Victimae Nazistarum]] a0cplj0bm35ryotf7hh35ilvf3bny73 Clay Regazzoni 0 70829 3981979 2431073 2026-08-18T06:14:18Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981979 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Regazzoni, Clay im Ferrari 312 P am 29.05.1971.jpg|thumb|Regazzoni anno [[1971]] [[Ferrari 312PB]] ducens]] [[Fasciculus:Regazzoni, Clay am 31.07.1976 - Ferrari 312T.jpg|thumb|Regazzoni anno [[1976]] Ferrari 312T2 ducens]] ''' Ioannes Claudius Iosephus Regazzoni''' cognomen „Clay“ (natus die [[5 Septembris]] [[1939]] [[Porza]]e iuxta [[Luganum]] in [[Helvetia]]; mortuus est in sinistro casu [[Autocinetum|autocineti]] die [[15 Decembris]] [[2006]] prope [[Fontevivo]] apud [[Parma]]m, [[Italia]]) fuit clarus autocinetorum ductor [[Helvetia|Helveticus]] . == Nexus externus == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080509075952/http://www.clayregazzoni.com/ Clay Regazzoni pagina interretialis] {{Ling|Lingua Italiana{{!}}Italiane}} {{bio-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Regazzoni, Clays}} [[Categoria:Nati 1939]] [[Categoria:Mortui 2006]] [[Categoria:Athletae Helvetiae]] jet22j3ql9h4yg91anniv2sjfhgjgmd Argentaria (Bosnia et Herzegovina) 0 73934 3981794 3981763 2026-08-17T12:28:52Z IacobusAmor 1163 3981794 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Videdis|Argentaria (discretiva)}}{{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Srebrenica_landscape.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|Despectus in urbem.]] '''Argentaria'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210108194504/http://ff.unsa.ba/files/zavDipl/17_18/arh/zdr_Amina_Veladzic.pdf <small>UNIVERZITET U SARAJEVU FILOZOFSKI FAKULTET ODSJEK ZA HISTORIJU KATEDRA ZA ARHEOLOGIJU</small> Rimska urbanizacija na tlu današnje Bosne i Hercegovine (Završni diplomski rad) MENTOR: prof. dr. Adnan, Busuladžić STUDENT: Amina Veladžić - SARAJEVO, 2018]</ref> ([[Lingua Serbocroatica]] Сребреница ''Srebrenica'', a voce ''srebro'' '[[argentum]]') est [[oppidum]] et [[Municipia Bosniae et Herzegovinae|municipium]] [[Bosnia et Herzegovina|Bosniae et Herzegovinae]], in Bosnia orientali et in [[Res Publica Serbica|Re Publica Serbica]] situm. ==Historia== Argentaria nota est ut locus stragis Argentariensis ([[1995]]), ubi plus quam octo mille [[musulmani]] occisi sunt ab serbici. Hoc [[generis occidio]] condemnata est et apud [[Iudicium Criminale inter Gentes pro Iugoslavia Pristina]] et apud [[Iudicium inter Civitates]]. == Notae == <references/> ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Srebrenica|Argentariam}} {{Fontes geographici}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:BiH municipality location Srebrenica.svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Bosnia et Herzegovina et in Re Publica Serbica. Imago:Srebrenica.jpg|Despectus in urbem. </gallery> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Municipia Bosniae et Herzegovinae]] ffzn2s5zjn9ewzpl5ioi3ecjw0f3d8r Cena Trimalchionis 0 74895 3981971 3896950 2026-08-18T03:50:54Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981971 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L}} [[Fasciculus:Lovis Corinth Hic Jacet Eximus Trimalchio.jpg|thumb|"Hic jacet eximus Trimalchio": episodium de sepulchro Trimalchionis a [[Lovis Corinth]] pictum]] '''Cena Trimalchionis''' est pars [[mythistoria]]e a [[Petronius Arbiter|Petronio Arbitro]] compositae cuius titulus est ''[[Satyricon]]''. Hoc episodium admodum longum, ab aliis fragmentis separatum, in uno tantum libro manu scripto servatum est ("Codex Parisinus Latinus 7989, olim Tragurensis", pp. 206-229) anno 1664 Patavii primum divulgato. Editionibus hodiernis "Cena Trimalchionis" a capitulo 26 ''Satyricorum'' usque ad 78 extendit. Textus fere completus narrationem praebet cenae "lautissimae", hospite [[Trimalchio]]ne quodam liberto divite, cui convivae sunt [[Encolpius]] (mythistoriae omnis heros et narrator), amici eius [[Agamemnon (persona Satyricon)|Agamemnon]] et Ascyltus, necnon amici aliqui Trimalchionis inter quos [[Habinnas]]; etiam praesentes sunt mulier huius Scintilla, mulier Trimalchionis Fortunata, et amasius Encolpii [[Giton (persona Satyricon)|Giton]] qui officium servi gerit. == Convivae == [[Fasciculus:Norman Lindsay Satyricon p116.jpg|thumb|Acroamata ad cenam Trimalchionis a [[Normannus Lindsay|Normanno Lindsay]] anno 1922 picta]] Convivae qui sequuntur in [[lectulum|lectulis]] [[triclinium|triclinii]] discubuerunt.<ref>Diagramma habes apud Sedgwick (1950) p. 92; ibi autem Proculus et Diogenes in triclinio reperiuntur, Philerote, Dama, Ganymede, Echione, Nicerote et Plocamo omissis.</ref> Summus in summo discubuit '''[[Trimalchio]]''' hospes "cui locus primus novo more servabatur";<ref>''Satyrica'' 31.8</ref> post eum, ordine incerto: '''[[Ascyltos]]''', '''Hermeros''', '''[[Encolpius]]''', '''[[Agamemnon (persona Satyricon)|Agamemnon]]''', '''Phileros''', '''Dama''', '''Ganymedes''', '''Echion''', '''Niceros''' et '''Plocamus'''. Ultimus venit '''[[Habinnas]]''' cum muliere '''[[Scintilla]]''', cui accubuit interdum '''[[Fortunata]]''' mulier Trimalchionis ipsius; Habinnas [[novendial a Scissa datum]] describit. == Sermones == [[Fasciculus:Petronius Cena initium Traguriensis p 206.jpg|thumb|upright=2|Initium "Cenae Trimalchionis" in manuscripto Traguriensi ([[Bibliotheca Nationalis Francica|BNF]] Lat. 7989 p. 206)]] Sermones convivarum ab auctore ficti philosophiam libertorum, [[Sermo vulgaris|lingua vulgari]] [[Italia]]e Graecoromanae expressam, exponunt. Narratio insuper praebet artes coquinarias et conviviales quas aemulabant hospites divites saeculi 1 p.C.n.; [[Ferculum (Ars coquinaria)|fercula]] ordinatim cenae ipsius Trimalchionis necnon [[Novendial a Scissa datum|cenae cuiusdam novendialis antea datae]] laudantur. == Fercula cenae == * '''[[Mulsum]]'''<ref>34.1</ref> * '''[[Gustatio]]''':<ref>31.8</ref> ** "In promulsidari asellus erat [[aes Corinthium|Corinthius]] cum bisaccio positus, qui habebat [[oliva]]s in altera parte albas, in altera nigras ... ponticuli etiam feruminati sustinebant [[glis|glires]] melle ac papavere sparsos. Fuerunt et [[tomaculum|tomacula]] supra craticulam argenteam ferventia posita, et infra craticulam [[prunum Syriacum|Syriaca pruna]] cum granis [[malum punicum|Punici mali]]."<ref>31.9-11</ref> ** "Repositorium allatum est cum corbe in quo gallina erat lignea patentibus in orbem alis, quales esse solent quae incubant ova ... [[Ova ex farina]] pertundimus ... Persecutus putamen manu, pinguissimam [[ficedula]]m inveni, [[piperatum|piperato]] vitello circumdatam."<ref>33.3-8</ref> * '''[[Vinum]]''': ** "Allatae sunt amphorae vitreae diligenter gypsatae, quarum in cervicibus pittacia erant affixa cum hoc titulo: ''[[Falernum]] [[Opimianum]] annorum centum.''"<ref>34.6</ref> * '''[[Ferculum zodiacale Trimalchionis|Ferculum zodiacale]]''':<ref>35.2-5</ref> ** Sub repositorio signa zodiacalia figurante "videmus ... [[altile|altilia]] et [[sumen|sumina]] [[lepus|leporemque]] in medio pinnis subornatum, ut Pegasus videretur. notavimus etiam circa angulos repositorii Marsyas quattuor, ex quorum utriculis [[garum piperatum]] currebat super [[piscis|pisces]], qui quasi in euripo natabant."<ref>36.2-3</ref> * '''[[Panis]]''': ** "Circumferebat Aegyptius puer clibano argenteo panem."<ref>35.6</ref> * '''[[Aper]]''': ** "Secutum est ... repositorium, in quo positus erat primae magnitudinis aper, et quidem pilleatus, e cuius dentibus sportellae dependebant duae [[palmula|palmulis]] textae, altera [[caryota|caryotis]] altera [[palmula Thebaica|thebaicis]] repleta. Circa autem minores porcelli ex [[coptoplacenta|coptoplacentis]] facti, quasi uberibus imminerent, scrofam esse positam significabant. et hi quidem apophoreti fuerunt ... Barbatus ingens ... venatorio cultro latus apri vehementer percussit, ex cuius plaga turdi evolaverunt."<ref>40.3-5</ref> * '''[[Sus]]''': ** "Repositorium cum sue ingenti mensam occupavit ... Cocus ... cultrum arripuit porcique ventrem hinc atque illinc timida manu secuit. Nec mora, ex plagis ponderis inclinatione crescentibus [[tomaculum|tomacula]] cum [[botulus|botulis]] effusa sunt."<ref>49.1-10</ref> * '''[[Pompa (ars coquinaria)|Pompa]]''': ** "Iam illic repositorium cum [[Placenta|placentis]] aliquot erat positum, quod medium [[Priapus a pistore factus]] tenebat, gremioque satis amplo omnis generis [[pomum|poma]] et [[uva]]s sustinebat more vulgato. Avidius ad pompam manus porreximus, et repente nova ludorum remissio hilaritatem hic refecit. Omnes enim placentae omniaque poma etiam minima vexatione contacta coeperunt effundere [[crocus|crocum]] ..."<ref>60.4-6</ref> * '''[[Mensae secundae|Secundae mensae]]'''<ref>68.1</ref> sive '''[[epidipnis]]''': ** "... nisi epidipnis esset allata, turdi [[farina siliginea|siliginei]] [[uva passa|uvis passis]] [[Juglans regia|nucibusque]] farsi. Insecuta sunt [[malum cotoneum|Cydonia etiam mala]] spinis confixa, ut echinos efficerent."<ref>69.6-7</ref> * '''Ferculum porcinum''': ** "Nam cum positus esset, ut nos putabamus, anser altilis circaque pisces et omnium genera avium, inquit Trimalchio: 'quicquid videtis hic positum, de uno corpore est factum ... ista cocus meus de [[porcus|porco]] fecit.'"<ref>69.7-70.1</ref> * '''Altera epidipnis''': ** "Notavimus ... [[ostreum|ostrea]] [[pecten (animal)|pectinesque]] e gastris labentia, quae collecta puer lance circumtulit. Has lautitias aequavit ingeniosus cocus; in craticula enim argentea [[cochlea (animal)|cochlea]]s attulit."<ref>70.6-7</ref> == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == ; Editiones et versiones : ''De editionibus et versionibus "Cenam Trimalchionis" inter alia fragmenta includentibus vide ''[[Satyrica]]. * Wilhelm Ehlers, Konrad Müller, edd., ''Petronius: Das Gastmahl des Trimalchio. Cena Trimalchionis''. Monaci: Artemis & Winkler, 2002. ISBN 3-760813712 * [[Stephanus Gaselee|Stephen Gaselee]], ed., ''A collotype reproduction of that portion of Cod. Paris. 7989, commonly called the Codex Traguriensis, which contains the Cena Trimalchionis of Petronius, together with four poems ascribed to Petronius in Cod. Leid. Voss. 111''. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press, 1915 {{Google Books|no48AAAAIAAJ|Paginae selectae}} * W. B. Sedgwick, ed., ''The Cena Trimalchionis of Petronius, together with Seneca's Apocolocyntosis and a selection of Pompeiian inscriptions''. Oxonii: Clarendon Press, 1950. 2a ed. * Martin S. Smith, ed., ''Petroni Arbitri Cena Trimalchionis''. Oxonii, 1975 ; Historica et critica * Jacqueline Amat, "Des goûts et des saveurs à la table de Trimalchion" in ''Latomus'' vol. 66 (2007) pp. 390-403 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/41545244 JSTOR] * [[Barry Baldwin]], "Trimalchio's Corinthian Plate" in ''Classical Philology'' vol. 68 (1973) pp. 46-47 * Edward Courtney, ''A Companion to Petronius''. Oxonii: Oxford University Press, 2001 * [[Andreas Dalby|Andrew Dalby]], "The Satyrica Concluded" in ''[http://www.ucpressjournals.com/journal.asp?j=gfc Gastronomica]'' vol. 5 no. 4 (2005) pp. 65-72 * F. Gaide, "L'ambiguité linguistique dans la Cena Trimalchionis: de la grammaire antique à l'intuition du sens pragmatique" in ''Revue de philologie'' vol. 67 (1993) pp. 251-256 * F. Gaide, "Intuitions linguistiques de Pétrone dans sa mise en scène des affranchis de la Cena Trimalchionis" in ''Latomus'' vol. 55 (1995) pp. 856-863 * Michael Mordine, "Odyssean Adventures in the Cena Trimalchionis" in ''Classical Antiquity'' vol. 32 (2013) pp. 176-199 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/ca.2013.32.1.176 JSTOR] * J. Révay, "Horaz und Petron" in ''Classical Philology'' vol. 17 (1922) pp. 202-212 * A. H. Salonius, ''Die Griechen und das Griechische in Petrons Cena Trimalchionis''. Helsingii: Akademische Buchhandlung, 1927 [http://www.tpsalomonreinach.mom.fr/Reinach/MOM_TP_071871/MOM_TP_071871_0001/PDF/MOM_TP_071871_0001.pdf Textus]{{Nexus deficit|date=June 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * Gareth Schmeling, "Trimalchio's Menu and Wine List" in ''Classical Philology'' vol. 55 (1970) pp. 248-251 * Guilelmus Suess, ''De eo quem dicunt inesse Trimalchionis Cenae sermone vulgari''. Dorpat, 1926 (''Acta et commentationes Universitatis Tartuensis (Dorpatensis) B'' vol. 9 no. 4) * Werner Tietz, ''Dilectus ciborum'' (Gottingae: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2013) pp. 205-212 * B. L. Ullman, "Bucca, Bucca" in ''Classical Philology'' vol. 38 (1943) pp. 94-102 {{NexInt}} * [[Ἀποθανεῖν θέλω]] == Nexus externi == * ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20100301064004/http://www.chss.montclair.edu/classics/petron/PSNBIB/BIBG.HTML Petronian Society Newsletter]'' * [http://www.party-service-singen.de/essen/trans1/Literatur/petron.html Cena Trimalchionis] * [http://www.info-antike.de/trimalchio.htm De Cena Trimalchionis] [[Categoria:Ars coquinaria Romana]] [[Categoria:Cenae litterariae]] [[Categoria:Documenta sermonis vulgaris Latini]] [[Categoria:Petronius Arbiter]] tv4zvc8t9u0ij096jp6fizmiexlnh4d Numerus perfectus 0 77904 3981811 3954458 2026-08-17T17:58:25Z LilyKitty 18316 exempla addo 3981811 wikitext text/x-wiki {{numeri}} '''Numerus perfectus''' est [[numerus naturalis]] <math> n </math>, cuius summa divisorum, numero ipso excepto, numero <math> n </math> adaequat. Vel symbolis mathematicis expressum <math> n = \sum_{d|n, d\not= n} d </math>. Exempla: * <math> 6 = 1+2+3 </math> * <math> 28 = 1+2+4+7+14 </math> * <math> 496 = 1+2+4+8+16+31+62+124+248 </math> * <math> 8128 = 1+2+4+8+16+32+64+127+254+508+1016+2032+4064 </math> Demonstrabile est omnes numeros pares perfectos hanc speciem habere et quicumque [[numerus naturalis]] hanc speciem habet perfectum esse, si utroque casu <math> 2^k-1 </math> est [[numerus primus]] [[Marinus Mersennus|Mersenni]] : <math> n = 2^{k-1} \cdot (2^k - 1). </math> Adhuc autem incertum est, an omnino sint numeri perfecti impares. {{NexInt}} * [[Numerus abundans]] * [[Numerus compositus]] * [[Numerus defectivus]] [[Categoria:Theoria numerorum]] 147b3qgcaqg3g3cvevff5vg5y8fhitj 3981875 3981811 2026-08-17T22:10:03Z LilyKitty 18316 de historia numeri mathematicae 3981875 wikitext text/x-wiki {{numeri}} '''Numerus perfectus''' est [[numerus naturalis]] <math> n </math>, cuius summa divisorum, numero ipso excepto, numero <math> n </math> adaequat. Vel symbolis mathematicis expressum <math> n = \sum_{d|n, d\not= n} d </math>. Exempla: * <math> 6 = 1+2+3 </math> * <math> 28 = 1+2+4+7+14 </math> * <math> 496 = 1+2+4+8+16+31+62+124+248 </math> * <math> 8128 = 1+2+4+8+16+32+64+127+254+508+1016+2032+4064 </math> Aetate antiqua, [[Euclides]] primum notionem numeri perfecti inventus et [[Nicomachus (mathematicus)|Nicomachus]] numeros perfectos adhuc 8128 cum qualitate mystica inventus fuit. Demonstrabile est omnes numeros pares perfectos hanc speciem habere et quicumque [[numerus naturalis]] hanc speciem habet perfectum esse, si utroque casu <math> 2^k-1 </math> est [[numerus primus]] [[Marinus Mersennus|Mersenni]] : <math> n = 2^{k-1} \cdot (2^k - 1). </math> Adhuc autem incertum est, an omnino sint numeri perfecti impares. {{NexInt}} * [[Numerus abundans]] * [[Numerus compositus]] * [[Numerus defectivus]] [[Categoria:Theoria numerorum]] 09zcue8c8oovgxhwsnlicgynw0wz5ub Aglaia 0 79098 3981984 3910189 2026-08-18T07:41:07Z Ziv 172423 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Aglaiaodorata1web.jpg]] → [[File:Starr 030807-0095 Aglaia odorata.jpg]] → File replacement: changing the name of a duplicate file ([[c:c:GR]]) 3981984 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Videdis|Aglaia (discretiva)}} {{taxobox |image = Starr 030807-0095 Aglaia odorata.jpg |image_caption = ''[[Aglaia odorata]]'' |regnum = [[Plantae]] |unranked_divisio = [[Angiospermae]] |unranked_classis = [[Eudicotyledones]] |unranked_ordo = [[Rosidae]] |ordo = [[Sapindales]] |familia = [[Meliaceae]] |genus = '''''Aglaia''''' |genus_authority = [[Frédéric-Louis Allamand|F.Allam.]] |subdivision_ranks = Species |subdivision = Vide commentarium. |}} '''''Aglaia''''' est [[genus (taxinomia)|genus]] plus quam [[centum]] [[species (taxinomia)|specierum]] [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Meliaceae|Meliacearum]]. Hae [[arbor]]es sunt [[endemismus|endemicae]] in [[zona tropica|tropicis]] et [[subtropica|subtropicis]] [[Asia Meridio-Orientalis|Asiae Meridio-Orientalis]], [[Australia Septentrionalis|Australiae Septentrionalis]], [[Oceanus Pacificus|Oceanique Pacifici]] [[silva|silvis]]. Aliae [[lignum]] gravis momenti producunt; aliae, [[fructus]] edules (sicut ''duku'' et ''langsat''), [[flos|flores]] fragrantes, vel proprietates medicinales. Plurimis sunt multiplices coniunctiones [[biologia|biologicae]] cum procuratoribus earum dissipationis. Nonnullae "bioactivitatem"{{dubsig}} insectifugam<!-- ~ insecticidal--> monstrant. ==Species== Huic generi sunt multae quaestiones [[taxinomia|taxonomicae]]. Acceptus specierum numerus late variatur secundum notionem speciei, propter magnam [[morphologia]]e varietatem.<ref>Alexandra N. Muellner, Rosabelle Samuel, Mark W. Chase, Caroline M. Pannell, et Harald Greger, [http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/full/92/3/534 "Aglaia (Meliaceae): an evaluation of taxonomic concepts based on DNA data and secondary metabolites,"] ''American Journal of Botany'' (2005) 92: 534–543. Doi 10.3732/ajb.92.3.534.</ref> {{div col|3}} *''[[Aglaia abbreviata]]'' ([[Sinae (regio)|Sinae]]) *''[[Aglaia acariaeantha]]'' ([[Nova Guinea]]) *''[[Aglaia acida]]'' (Iava) *''[[Aglaia acminatissima]]'' ([[Malaesia]]) *''[[Aglaia acuminata]]'' ([[Philippinae]]) *''[[Aglaia affinis]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia agglomerata]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia agusanensis]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia aherniana]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia allocotantha]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia alternifoliola]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia amplexicaulis]]'' *''[[Aglaia andamanica]]'' ([[Insulae Andaman]]) *''[[Aglaia angustifolia]]'' ([[Sumatra]]) *''[[Aglaia annamensis]]'' ([[Asia Meridio-Orientalis]]) *''[[Aglaia antonii]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia apiocarpa]]'' ([[Taprobane]]) *''[[Aglaia apoana]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia araeantha]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia archboldiana]]'' *''[[Aglaia argentea]]'' ([[Iava]]) *''[[Aglaia aspera]]'' (Iava) *''[[Aglaia attenuata]]'' (Sinae) *''[[Aglaia australiensis]]'' ([[Terra Reginae]]) *''[[Aglaia axillaris]]'' *''[[Aglaia badia]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia bamleri]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia banahaensis]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia baramensis]]'' ([[Borneum]]) *''[[Aglaia barbanthera]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia barbatula]]'' (Iava) *''[[Aglaia barberi]]'' ([[India]]) *''[[Aglaia basiphylla]]'' ([[Viti]]) *''[[Aglaia batjanica]]'' (Malaesia) *''[[Aglaia bauerleni]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia beccarii]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia bergmanni]]'' ([[Oceanus Pacificus]]) *''[[Aglaia bernardoi]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia betchei]]'' ([[Samoa]]) *''[[Aglaia bicolor]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia boanana]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia bordenii]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia borneensis]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia bourdillonii]] *''[[Aglaia brachybotrys]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia brassii]]'' ([[Insulae Salomonis]]) *''[[Aglaia brevipeduncula]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia brevipetiolata]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia brownii]]'' (Terra Reginae, Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia cagayanensis]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia calelanensis]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia canarensis]]'' (India) *''[[Aglaia canariifolia]]'' ([[Sulavesi]]) *''[[Aglaia caroli]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia carrii]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia caudatifoliolata]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia cauliflora]]'' (Sulawesi) *''[[Aglaia caulobotrys]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia cedreloides]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia celebica]]'' (Sulavesi) *''[[Aglaia ceramica]]'' *''[[Aglaia chalmersi]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia chartacea]]'' (Sumatra) *''[[Aglaia chaudocensis]]'' (Asia Meridio-Orientalis) *''[[Aglaia cinerea]]'' ([[Malaia]]) *''[[Aglaia cinnamomea]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia clarkii]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia clemensiae]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia clementis]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia conferta]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia confertiflora]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia congylos]]'' (Taprobane) *''[[Aglaia copelandii]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia cordata]]'' (Malaesia) *''[[Aglaia coriacea]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia costata]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia crassinervia]]'' (India) *''[[Aglaia cremea]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia cucullata]]'' *''[[Aglaia cumingiana]]'' *''[[Aglaia cuprea]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia cupreo-lepidota]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia curranii]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia curtisii]]'' *''[[Aglaia cuspidata]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia cuspidella]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia dasyclada]]'' (Sinae) *''[[Aglaia davaoensis]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia decandra]]'' ([[Nepalia]]) *''[[Aglaia densisquama]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia densitricha]]'' (Malaesia) *''[[Aglaia denticulata]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia diepenhorstii]]'' (Sumatra) *''[[Aglaia diffusa]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia diffusiflora]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia discolor]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia doctersiana]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia duperreana]]'' (Asia Meridio-Orientalis) *''[[Aglaia dyeri]]'' (Sulavesi) *''[[Aglaia dysoxylifolia]]'' (Sulavesi) *''[[Aglaia edelfeldti]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia edulis]]'' (India, Viti) *''[[Aglaia elaeagnoidea]]'' (Terra Reginae) *''[[Aglaia elaphina]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia elegans]]'' *''[[Aglaia elliptica]]'' *''[[Aglaia elliptifolia]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia elmeri]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia ermischii]]'' (Oceanus Pacificus) *''[[Aglaia erythrosperma]]'' (Malaesia, Borneum,) *''[[Aglaia euphorioides]]'' (Asia Meridio-Orientalis) *''[[Aglaia euryanthera]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia euryphylla]]'' (Iava) *''[[Aglaia eusideroxylon]]'' (Iava) *''[[Aglaia evansensis]]'' *''[[Aglaia everettii]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia exigua]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia exstipulata]]'' *''[[Aglaia flavescens]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia flavida]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia forbesiana]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia forbesii]]'' (Malaysia) *''[[Aglaia forstenii]]'' ([[Amboina]]) *''[[Aglaia foveolata]]'' (Malaesia, Borneum, Sumatra) *''[[Aglaia fragilis]]'' *''[[Aglaia fraseri]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia fusca]]'' (Insulae Andaman) *''[[Aglaia gagnepainiana]]'' ([[Laotia]]) *''[[Aglaia gamopetala]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia ganggo]]'' (Sumatra) *''[[Aglaia gibbsiae]]''(Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia gjellerupii]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia glabrata]]'' *''[[Aglaia glabriflora]]'' (Malaesia) *''[[Aglaia glaucescens]]'' (Insulae Andaman) *''[[Aglaia glomerata]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia goebeliana]]'' (Oceanus Pacificus) *''[[Aglaia gracilis]]'' *''[[Aglaia gracillima]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia grandifoliola]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia grandis]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia greenwoodii]]'' *''[[Aglaia griffithii]]'' (Malaesia) *''[[Aglaia hapalantha]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia haplophylla]]'' (Malaesia) *''[[Aglaia harmsiana]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia hartmanni]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia haslettiana]]'' (India) *''[[Aglaia havilandii]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia hemsleyi]]'' (Sulavesi) *''[[Aglaia heptandra]]'' (Iava) *''[[Aglaia heterobotrys]]'' (Sumatra) *''[[Aglaia heteroclita]]'' (Malaesia) *''[[Aglaia heterophylla]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia heterotricha]]'' ([[Tonga]]) *''[[Aglaia hexandra]]'' (Philippines) *''[[Aglaia hiernii]]'' (Malaesia) *''[[Aglaia hoanensis]]'' (Asia Meridio-Orientalis) *''[[Aglaia hoii]]'' ([[Vietnamia]]) *''[[Aglaia huberti]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia humilis]]'' *''[[Aglaia hypoleuca]]'' (Sumatra) *''[[Aglaia ignea]]'' (Sumatra) *''[[Aglaia iloilo]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia insignis]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia integrifolia]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia intricatoreticulata]]'' (Malaesia) *''[[Aglaia janowskyi]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia javanica]]'' (Sulavesi) *''[[Aglaia kabaensis]]'' (Sumatra) *''[[Aglaia khasiana]]'' ([[Indonesia]]) *''[[Aglaia kingiana]]'' *''[[Aglaia korthalsii]]'' (Asia Meridio-orientalis) *''[[Aglaia kunstleri]]'' *''[[Aglaia laevigata]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia lagunensis]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia lanceolata]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia lancilimba]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia langlassei]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia lanuginosa]]'' *''[[Aglaia latifolia]]'' (Iava) *''[[Aglaia lauterbachiana]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia lawii]]'': (India) *''[[Aglaia laxiflora]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia ledermannii]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia leeuwenii]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia lepidopetala]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia lepiorrhachis]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia leptantha]]'' (Sumatra) *''[[Aglaia leptoclada]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia leucoclada]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia leucophylla]]'' *''[[Aglaia littoralis]]'' (Indonesia) *''[[Aglaia llanosiana]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia loheri]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia longepetiolulata]]'' (Sumatra) *''[[Aglaia longifolia]]'' (Iava) *''[[Aglaia longipetiolata]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia luzoniensis]]'' *''[[Aglaia maboroana]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia mackiana]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia macrobotrys]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia macrocarpa]]'' *''[[Aglaia macrostigma]]'' *''[[Aglaia magnifoliola]]'' ([[Sunda]]) *''[[Aglaia maiae]]'' (Indonesia) *''[[Aglaia maingayi]]'' (Malaysia) *''[[Aglaia malabarica]]'' (India) *''[[Aglaia malaccensis]]'' *''[[Aglaia marginata]]'' ([[Thailandia]]) *''[[Aglaia mariannensis]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia matthewsii]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia megistocarpa]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia meliosmoides]]'' (Thailandia) *''[[Aglaia membranifolia]]'' (Malaesia) *''[[Aglaia menadonensis]]'' (Sulavesi) *''[[Aglaia meridionalis]]'' *''[[Aglaia merrillii]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia micrantha]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia micropora]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia minahassae]]'' (Sulawesi) *''[[Aglaia mindanaensis]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia minutiflora]]'' (Indonesia) *''[[Aglaia mirandae]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia monophylla]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia monozyga]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia montana]]'' (Iava) *''[[Aglaia motleyana]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia moultonii]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia mucronulata]]'' (Iava) *''[[Aglaia multiflora]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia multifoliola]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia multijuga]]'' ([[Viti]]) *''[[Aglaia multinervis]]'' *''[[Aglaia myriantha]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia myristicifolia]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia negrosensis]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia neotenica]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia nivea]]'' *''[[Aglaia nudibacca]]'' ([[Insulae Salomonis]]) *''[[Aglaia oblanceolata]]'' (Thailandia) *''[[Aglaia obliqua]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia oblonga]]'' (Asia Meridio-Orientalis) *''[[Aglaia ochneocarpa]]'' (Sumatra) *''[[Aglaia odoardoi]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia odorata]]'' (Sina) *''[[Aglaia odoratissima]]'' *''[[Aglaia oligantha]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia oligocarpa]]'' (Sumatra) *''[[Aglaia oligophylla]]'' (Sumatra) *''[[Aglaia oxypetala]]'' *''[[Aglaia pachyphylla]]'' (Sumatra) *''[[Aglaia palauensis]]'' ([[Belavia]]) *''[[Aglaia palawanensis]]'' *''[[Aglaia palembanica]]'' *''[[Aglaia pallida]]'' *''[[Aglaia pamattonis]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia paniculata]]'' (Indonesia) *''[[Aglaia parksii]]'' *''[[Aglaia parviflora]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia parvifolia]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia parvifoliola]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia pauciflora]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia pedicellaris]]'' (Indonesia) *''[[Aglaia peekelii]]'' ([[Archipelagus Bismarck]]) *''[[Aglaia penningtoniana]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia perfulva]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia perviridis]]'' (Indonesia) *''[[Aglaia phaeogyna]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia pirifera]]'' (Sinae) *''[[Aglaia pleuropteris]]'' (Vietnamia) *''[[Aglaia poilanei]]'' (Vietnamia) *''[[Aglaia polyneura]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia polyphylla]]'' (Iava) *''[[Aglaia ponapensis]]'' ([[Insulae Carolinae]]) *''[[Aglaia porulifera]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia poulocondorensis]]'' (Asia Meridio-Orientalis) *''[[Aglaia procera]]'' ([[Insulae Salomonis]]) *''[[Aglaia psilopetala]]'' ([[Polynesia]]) *''[[Aglaia puberulanthera]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia puncticulata]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia pycnocarpa]]'' (Sumatra) *''[[Aglaia pycnoneura]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia pyramidata]]'' (Sinae) *''[[Aglaia pyricarpa]]'' (Sumatra) *''[[Aglaia pyriformis]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia pyrrholepis]]'' (Iava) *''[[Aglaia querciflorescens]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia quocensis]]'' (Asia Meridio-Orientalis) *''[[Aglaia racemosa]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia ramosii]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia ramotricha]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia ramuensis]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia rechingerae]]'' (Archipelagus Bismarck) *''[[Aglaia reinwardtii]]'' (Sulavesi) *''[[Aglaia repoeuensis]]'' (Asia Meridio-Orientalis) *''[[Aglaia reticulata]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia rimosa]]'' *''[[Aglaia rivularis]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia rizalensis]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia robinsonii]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia rodatzii]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia roemeri]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia roxburghiana]]'' (Asia Meridio-Orientalis) *''[[Aglaia rubiginosa]]'' *''[[Aglaia rubra]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia rubrivenia]]'' (Insulae Salomonis) *''[[Aglaia rudolfi]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia rufa]]'' (Sumatra) *''[[Aglaia rufinervis]]'' *''[[Aglaia rugulosa]]'' (Malaesia, Borneo) *''[[Aglaia salicifolia]]'' (Malaesia) *''[[Aglaia saltatorum]]'' ([[Tonga]]) *''[[Aglaia samarensis]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia samoensis]]'' ([[Samoa]]) *''[[Aglaia saxonii]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia schlechteri]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia schraderiana]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia schultzei]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia sclerocarpa]]'' (Sulavesi) *''[[Aglaia scortechinii]]'' *''[[Aglaia sexipetala]]'' *''[[Aglaia shawiana]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia sibuyanensis]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia silvestris]]'' *''[[Aglaia simplex]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia simplicifolia]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia smithii]]'' (Sulawesi) *''[[Aglaia somalensis]]'' (Somalia) *''[[Aglaia sorsogonensis]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia spaniantha]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia spectabilis]]'' *''[[Aglaia speciosa]]'' *''[[Aglaia splendens]]'' (Iava) *''[[Aglaia squamulosa]]'' (Asia Meridio-Orientalis) *''[[Aglaia stapfii]]'' (Sulavesi) *''[[Aglaia steinii]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia stellato-tomentosa]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia stellipila]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia stenophylla]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia sterculioides]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia subcuprea]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia subgrisea]]'' (Malaysia) *''[[Aglaia subminutiflora]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia submonophylla]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia subsessilis]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia subviridis]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia sulingi]]'' (Iava) *''[[Aglaia tarangisi]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia tayabensis]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia taynguyenensis]]'' ([[Vietnamia]]) *''[[Aglaia tembelingensis]]'' (Malaesia) *''[[Aglaia tenuicaulis]]'' (Malaysia) *''[[Aglaia tenuifolia]]'' (Sinae) *''[[Aglaia testicularis]]'' (Sinae) *''[[Aglaia teysmanniana]]'' (Sumatra) *''[[Aglaia tomentosa]]'' (Indonesia) *''[[Aglaia trichostemon]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia trichostoma]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia trimera]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia tripetala]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia trunciflora]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia tsangii]]'' (Sinae) *''[[Aglaia turczaninowii]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia ulawaensis]]'' ([[Insulae Salomonis]]) *''[[Aglaia umbrina]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia undulata]]'' (Indonesia) *''[[Aglaia unifolia]]'' *''[[Aglaia unifoliata]]'' (Borneum) *''[[Aglaia urdanetensis]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia uropbylla]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia variisquama]]'' (Malaesia, Borneum) *''[[Aglaia venusta]]'' ([[Havaii]]) *''[[Aglaia versteeghii]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia villamilii]]'' (Philippinae) *''[[Aglaia vitiensis]]'' ([[Havaii]]) *''[[Aglaia vulpina]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia wallichii]]'' (Indonesia) *''[[Aglaia wangii]]'' (Sinae) *''[[Aglaia whitmeei]]'' ([[Samoa]]) *''[[Aglaia winckelii]]'' (Iava) *''[[Aglaia yunnanensis]]'' (Sina) *''[[Aglaia yzermannii]]'' (Malaesia) *''[[Aglaia zippelii]]'' (Nova Guinea) *''[[Aglaia zollingeri]]'' (Iava) {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== *Pannell, Caroline M. [[1992]]. ''Monograph of the genus Aglaia Lour. (Meliaceae).'' Londinii: HMSO. Kew Bulletin Additional Series, 16. ISBN 0-11-250067-6. *Pannell, Caroline M. [[1997]]. "Solving problems in the taxonomy of Aglaia (Meliaceae): functional syndromes and the biological monograph." ''Pl. Div. Mal.'' 3:163-170, illus. *Satasook, C., M. B. Isman, et al. (1994). "Insecticidal bioactivity of crude extracts of Aglaia species (Meliaceae)." ''Biochemical Systematics and Ecology'' 22(2):121–127. Vancouver: Department of Plant Science, University of British Columbia. [[Categoria:Aglaia|*]] [[Categoria:Arbores Philippinarum]] [[Categoria:Genera plantarum]] [[Categoria:Genera plantarum ex hominibus mythologicis appellata|Aglaia]] kzmphf6vwzz5zm8j2guy60j3rx32fe5 Meliaceae 0 79103 3981985 3965399 2026-08-18T07:41:08Z Ziv 172423 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Aglaiaodorata1web.jpg]] → [[File:Starr 030807-0095 Aglaia odorata.jpg]] → File replacement: changing the name of a duplicate file ([[c:c:GR]]) 3981985 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | name = Meliaceae | image = Chinaberry1216.JPG | image_caption = ''[[Melia azedarach]]'' florescens |regnum = [[Plantae]] |unranked_divisio = [[Angiospermae]] |unranked_classis = [[Eudicotyledones]] |unranked_ordo = [[Rosidae]] |ordo = [[Sapindales]] | familia = '''Meliaceae''' | familia_authority = [[Antoine Laurent de Jussieu|Juss.]] | subdivision_ranks = Genera | subdivision = Vide commentarium. }} '''Meliaceae''' sunt [[familia (taxinomia)|familia]] [[Angiospermae|plantarum florentium]], plerumque [[arbor]]um, [[frutex|fruticum]], et parvarum [[planta]]rum [[herba]]cearum in [[ordo (taxinomia)|ordine]] [[Sapindales|Sapindalium]]. Plantis huius familiae sunt [[folium|folia]] alterna, ferme pinnata sine [[stipula|stipulis]], et [[flos|flores]] syncarpi ut videtur bisexuales (sed plerumque crypto-unisexuales{{dubsig}}) in [[panicula|paniculis]], [[cyma|cymis]], [[spica|spicis]], vel fasciculis. Plurimae species sunt [[sempervirens|sempervirentes]], sed aliquae sunt [[deciduus|deciduae]], vel tempore sicco vel [[hiems|hieme]]. Familia circa quinquaginta genera et 550 species complectitur, distributione pantropica; unum genus (''Toona'') ad septentrionalem attingit in [[Sina]]m temperatam et ad meridionalem in [[Australia]]m meridio-orientalem; alium (''Melia'') paene in easdem regiones septentrionales. == Usus == Variae species pro [[oleum vegetabile|oleo vegetabili]], [[sapo]]ne, [[insecticidum|insecticidis]],{{dubsig}} et [[lignum|ligno]] magni pretii ([[Anglice]]: ''mahogany'') adhibentur. Nonnullae graves [[oeconomia]]e species huius familiae sunt: * ''[[Azadirachta indica]]'' ([[India]]; [[Anglice]]: ''neem tree'') * ''[[Carapa procera]]'' ([[America Meridionalis]] et [[Africa]]) * ''[[Cedrela odorata]]'' ([[Media America]] et [[America Meridionalis]]; [[Anglice]]: ''Spanish cedar'') * ''[[Entandrophragma cylindricum]]'' ([[Africa]] tropica) * ''[[Entandrophragma utile]]'' ([[Africa]] tropica) * ''[[Guarea cedrata]]'' ([[Africa]]) * ''[[Guarea thompsonii]]'' ([[Africa]]) * ''[[Khaya ivorensis]]'' ([[Africa]] tropica) * ''[[Khaya senegalensis]]'' ([[Africa]] tropica) * ''[[Melia azedarach]]'' ([[Terra Reginae]], [[India]], [[Sina]] meridionalis; [[Anglice]]: ''chinaberry, bead tree'') * ''[[Swietenia]]'' species ([[Americae]] tropicae) * ''[[Toona australis]]'' ([[Australia]]; saepe ''Toona ciliata'' posita, [[Anglice]]: ''Australian redcedar'') * ''[[Toona ciliata]]'' ([[India]], [[Asia Meridionalis]], [[Australia]] orientalis) == Genera == [[Fasciculus:Starr 030807-0095 Aglaia odorata.jpg|thumb|''[[Aglaia odorata]]'']] * ''[[Aglaia]]'' * ''[[Anthocarapa]]'' * ''[[Aphanamixis]]'' * ''[[Astrotrichilia]]'' * ''[[Azadirachta]]'' * ''[[Cabralea]]'' * ''[[Calodecarya]]'' * ''[[Capuronianthus]]'' * ''[[Carapa]]'' * ''[[Cedrela]]'' * ''[[Chisocheton]]'' * ''[[Chukrasia]]'' * ''[[Cipadessa]]'' * ''[[Dysoxylum]]'' * ''[[Ekebergia]]'' * ''[[Entandrophragma]]'' * ''[[Guarea]]'' * ''[[Heckeldora]]'' * ''[[Humbertioturraea]]'' * ''[[Khaya]]'' * ''[[Lansium]]'' * ''[[Lepidotrichilia]]'' * ''[[Lovoa]]'' * ''[[Malleastrum]]'' * ''[[Melia (plant)|Melia]]'' * ''[[Munronia]]'' * ''[[Naregamia]]'' * ''[[Neobeguea]]'' * ''[[Owenia]]'' * ''[[Pseudobersama]]'' * ''[[Pseudocarapa]]'' * ''[[Pseudocedrela]]'' * ''[[Pterorhachis]]'' * ''[[Reinwardtiodendron]]'' * ''[[Ruagea]]'' * ''[[Sandoricum]]'' * ''[[Schmardaea]]'' * ''[[Soymida]]'' * ''[[Sphaerosacme]]'' * ''[[Swietenia]]'' * ''[[Synoum]]'' * ''[[Toona]]'' * ''[[Trichilia]]'' * ''[[Turraea]]'' * ''[[Turraeanthus]]'' * ''[[Vavaea]]'' * ''[[Walsura]]'' * ''[[Xylocarpus]]'' == Bibliographia == * Pennington, T. D., et B. T. Styles. [[1975]]. "A generic monograph of the Meliaceae." ''Blumea'' 22:419–540. == Nexus externi == {{Fontes de plantis}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070103200438/http://delta-intkey.com/angio/ Meliaceae] in [https://web.archive.org/web/20070103200438/http://delta-intkey.com/ L. Watson et M. J. Dallwitz (post 1992). The families of flowering plants.] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070929163235/http://www.mahoganyforthefuture.org/projectmeliaceae/ Project Meliaceae] {{Biologia-stipula}} [[Categoria:Familiae plantarum]] [[Categoria:Meliaceae|!]] cnpt9o5d51om35us1d9diy48f087jc3 Anna Tyler 0 82256 3981800 3258721 2026-08-17T16:35:55Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981800 wikitext text/x-wiki ''' Anna Tyler''' ([[Minneapolis |Minneapoli]], [[Minnesota]] die [[25 Octobris ]] [[1941]]) est [[scriptrix]] [[CFA |Americana]], quae operis '' Breathing Lessons '' gratia [[Praemium Pulitzer Mythistoriis dicatum]] anno [[1989]] consecuta est. ==Nexus externi== *{{IMDb Name|ID=0878773|NAME=Anna Tyler}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081010110407/http://failbetter.com/20/TylerInterview.php Colloquium percontativum] {{scriptor-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Tyler, Anna}} [[Categoria:Scriptores Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Auctores Anglici]] [[Categoria:Nati 1941]] [[Categoria:Homines vivi]] [[Categoria:Mulieres]] [[Categoria:Praemium Pulitzer]] 9lt8pkf7c4dkw19y68cimbw8lvujyk0 Brussius George 0 92584 3981888 3515960 2026-08-17T23:27:07Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981888 wikitext text/x-wiki ''' Brussius George''' (natus die [[1 Iunii]] [[1942]]; m. [[24 Februarii]] [[2020]]) fuit rerum politicarum peritus [[Regnum Unitum|Britannicus]] factionis [[Factio Laboris|Laboris]] qui inter alia a die [[28 Februarii]] [[1974]] munere populi ''Walsal South '' in [[Parlamentum Britannicum|Parlamento Regni Uniti]] fungitur. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080415233458/http://www.bruce-george.com/ Bruce George] pagina interretialis * [http://www.theyworkforyou.com/mp/bruce_george/walsall_south De Bruce George apud TheyWorkForYou.com] {{bio-stipula}} {{Lifetime|1942|2020|George, Bruce }} [[Categoria:Legati Parlamento Britannico]] styyz5gxj615rut71zf0ovnc74hzb7r Ahmedus Al Safi 0 108169 3981983 3890469 2026-08-18T07:40:50Z ~2026-45198-67 213608 /* Nexus externi */ 3981983 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ahmedus Al Safi''' ([[Arabice]] احمد الصافي natus in [[Diwaniya]] [[Iracum|Iraci]] anno [[1971]]) est [[pictor]] et [[sculptor]], qui nunc in [[Francia]] vivit. == Nexus externi == * [http://www.alsafiart.fr AlSafiArt] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110807082431/http://www.saatchionline.com/alsafiart Biographia in saatchionline.com (lingua Anglica scripta)] * [http://www.artnet.com/Magazine/features/mumford/mumford10-5-11.asp De Ahmed Al Safi apud www.artnet.com] {{bio-stipula}} {{Lifetime|1971||Al Safi, Ahmed}} [[Categoria:Sculptores Iracae]] [[Categoria:Pictores Iracae]] 5115odsuraorfhni2bwu2clzu667inx Cornus florida 0 115713 3981987 3714481 2026-08-18T07:53:35Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981987 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{taxobox |name = ''Cornus florida'' |image = Benthamidia florida berry.jpg |image_caption = ''Cornus florida'' [[autumnus|autumno]] [[fructus|fructu]] ferenti floret. |regnum = [[Plantae]] |unranked_divisio = [[Angiospermae]] |unranked_classis = [[Eudicotyledones]] |unranked_ordo = [[Asteridae]] |ordo = [[Cornales]] |familia = [[Cornaceae]] |genus = ''[[Cornus]]'' |subgenus = ''Benthamidia'' |species = '''''C. florida''''' |binomial = ''Cornus florida'' |binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]] |}} '''''Cornus florida''''' ([[synonymia|synonymum]] ''Benthamidia florida'' ((L.) Spach), est [[species (taxinomia)|species]] [[genus (taxinomia)|generis]] ''[[Cornus|Corni]],'' in [[America Septentrionalis|America Septentrionali]] orientali [[Endemismus|endemica]], a [[Cenomannica]] meridiana occidentem versus ad [[Ontario]]nem meridianam et [[Kansia]]m orientalem, et meridiem versus ad [[Florida]]m septentrionalem et [[Texia]]m occidentalem, et in [[Illinoesia]], grege disiuncto in [[Mexicum|Mexico]] orientali, in [[Nova Legio]]ne et [[Veracrux (Civitas Foederata)|Vera Cruce]]. == Descriptio == [[Fasciculus:Blooming Dogwood.jpg|thumb|upright=0.75|left|[[Inflorescentia]] ''C. floridae'' quattuor [[bractea]]s clare monstrat.]] ''Cornus florida'' est parva [[arbor]] [[deciduus|decidua]], ad 10&thinsp;m alta, matura saepe latior quam altior, [[truncus|trunco]] ad 30&thinsp;cm lato. Stat arbor decem annos nata circa 5&thinsp;m alta. [[Folium|Folia]] sunt opposita, simplicia, [[ovalis|ovalia]],{{dubsig}} apicibus acutis, 6–13&thinsp;cm longa, 4–6&thinsp;cm lata, margine ut videtur integra (re vera subtiliter dentata, sub [[microscopium|microscopio]]); [[autumnus|autumno]] porphyrea fiunt. [[Flos|Flores]] sunt parvi et inconspicui, quattuor [[petalum|petalis]] flavovirentibus 4&thinsp;mm longis. Circa viginti flores in [[inflorescentia]] densa, rotunda, [[umbellum|umbelliforme]], 1–2&thinsp;cm lata gignuntur. Inflorescentia a quattuor conspicuis magnis "petalis" [[albus|albis]], [[roseus|roseis]], vel [[ruber|rubris]] (re vera [[bractea|bracteis]]) cingitur, quaque bractea 3&thinsp;cm longa et 2.5&thinsp;cm lata, rotunda, et saepe incisurá distinctá in apice. Flores sunt [[sexualitas plantarum|bisexuales]].<!-- While most of the wild trees have white bracts, some selected [[cultivar]]s of this tree also have pink bracts, some even almost a true red. They typically flower in early April in the southern part of their range, to late April or early May in northern and high altitude areas. The similar [[Kousa Dogwood]] (''Cornus kousa''), native to [[Asia]], flowers about a month later.--> [[Fructus]] est fasciculus duarum ad decem [[drupa]]rum, quaque 10–15&thinsp;mm longa et circa 8&thinsp;mm lata, quae [[aestas|aestate]] adulta [[autumnus|autumnoque]] ineunte maturescunt ad clarum [[ruber|rubrum]], vel aliquando [[flavus|flavum]] [[roseus|roseo]] suffusum. Ei sunt gravis [[cibus]] permultarum specierum [[avis|avium]], quae [[semen|semina]] tum distribuunt. Sunt duae [[subspecies]]: * ''Cornus florida'' subsp. ''florida''. [[CFA|Civitates Foederatae]] orientales, [[Canada]] meridio-orientalis ([[Ontario]]). * ''Cornus florida'' subsp. ''urbiniana'' (Rose) Rickett (syn. ''Cornus urbiniana'' Rose). [[Mexicum]] orientale ([[Nova Legio]], [[Veracrux (Civitas Foederata)|Veracrux]]). ''C. florida'' late per [[America Septentrionalis|Americam Septentrionalem]] mediam [[zona temperata|temperatam]] colitur. In orientali [[continens|continentis]] parte, colitur tam septentrionale quam [[Torontum]] [[Ontario]]nis, et meridiem versus ad [[Florida]]m mediam.<!-- Farther west, places of cultivation include [[Boulder, Colorado|Boulder]], [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]] and [[Vancouver, Canada|Vancouver]]. It is also sold in other temperate parts of the world, including [[Sydney]], [[Australia]]. ;Selected cultivars *‘Amerika Touch-O-Pink’ – large bracts, tinged pink; large leaves; good disease resistance. *‘Appalachian Spring’ – large white bracts; red fall foliage; resistant to dogwood anthracnose. *'Autumn Gold' - white bracts; yellow fall color. *'Barton' - large white bracts; blooms at early age; resistant to stem canker and powdery mildew. *'Bay Beauty' - double white bracts; resists heat and drought; good for Deep South. *'Cherokee Daybreak' - white bract; vigorous grower with variegated leaves. *'Cherokee Chief' - red bracts; red new growth. *'Cherokee Brave' - Even redder than 'Cherokee Chief', smaller bracts but dark red color; consistently resistant to powdery mildew. *'Cherokee Princess' - vigorous white bracts, industry standard for white flowers. *'Cherokee Sunset' - purplish-red bracts; variegated foliage. *'Gulf Coast Pink' - best pink flowering dogwood in Florida – northern part only. *'Hohman's Gold' - white bracts; variegated foliage. *‘Jean’s Appalachian Snow’ – large, overlapping white bracts w/ green flowers; very resistant to powdery mildew. *‘Karen’s Appalachian Blush’ – delicate white bracts edged in pink; some powdery mildew resistance. *‘Kay’s Appalachian Mist’ – stiff, creamy white bracts; red fall foliage; good resistance to powdery mildew. *'Plena' - double white bracts; spot anthracnose-resistant. *'Purple Glory' - red bracts; purple foliage; spot anthracnose-resistant but susceptible to stem canker. *'Weaver White' - large white blooms; large leaves; candelabra shape; good in north-central Florida.--> ==In cultura== ''Cornus florida'' est [[arbor civica]] et [[flos civicus]] [[Virginia]]e,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dof.virginia.gov/trees/dogwood-white.htm|title=White Dogwood|publisher=Virginia Department of Forestry}}.</ref> arbor civica [[Missuria]]e,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/gardens-gardening/your-garden/plant-finder/plant-details/kc/c280/cornus-florida.aspx|title=''Cornus florida''|publisher=Missouri Botanical Garden}}.</ref> et flos civicus [[Carolina Septentrionalis|Carolinae Septentrionalis]].<ref name=nc>{{cite web|url=http://www.ncmuseumofhistory.org/collateral/articles/Dogwood.pdf|title=State Flower--Dogwood|publisher=North Carolina Museum of History|format=PDF}}.</ref> == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Fasciculus:Missouri state capitol with flowering dogwood.jpg|''Cornus florida''<!--Missouri State Capitol in the background--> Fasciculus:floweringdogwood2.jpg|Cultivarietas ''C. floridae'' floribus roseis Fasciculus:floweringdogwood.jpg|Cultivarietas ''C. floridae'' floribus albis Fasciculus:Benthamidia florida autumn.jpg|Forma arboris autumno Fasciculus:Flowering Dogwood Cornus florida 'Appalacian Spring' Sapling 2000px.JPG|Arbor iuvenis ''C. floridae'' cultivarietatis 'Appalacian Spring' Fasciculus:Flowering Dogwood Cornus florida 'Appalacian Spring' Leaves 3000px.JPG|Folia ''C. floridae'' cultivarietatis 'Appalacian Spring' Fasciculus:Flowering Dogwood Cornus florida 'Appalacian Spring' Leaf 2650px.JPG|Folium ''C. floridae'' cultivarietatis 'Appalacian Spring' Fasciculus:Dogwood_fall_20080928_120751_1.jpg|Folia ''C. floridae'' autumno Fasciculus:CornusFlorida.jpg|[[Cortex]] ''C. floridae'' </gallery> == Notae == [[Fasciculus:Dogwood flower closeup 20080427 141400 1 crop sharp.png|thumb|[[Inflorescentia]]e sunt quattuor [[petalum|petala]] [[flavus|flava]] in quoque [[flos|flore]].]] <div class="references-small"><references/></div> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat}} {{Vicispecies}} {{Fontes biologici}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101216154918/http://missouriplants.com/Others/Cornus_florida_page.html Missouriplants: ''Cornus florida''] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110607011441/http://www.cas.vanderbilt.edu/bioimages/species/frame/cofl2.htm Bioimages: ''Cornus florida''] * [http://www.floridata.com/ref/C/cornus_f.cfm Floridata: ''Cornus florida''] * [http://www.hort.uconn.edu/plants/c/corflo/corflo1.html Univ. of Connecticut Plant Database: ''Cornus florida''] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101223183045/http://www.na.fs.fed.us/pubs/silvics_manual/Volume_2/cornus/florida.htm US Forest Service: ''Cornus florida''] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101215160939/http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/PMG/GARDEN/PLANTS/dogwood.html UC IPM Online: Dogwood pest management] * [http://www.nysipm.cornell.edu/factsheets/treefruit/pests/dwb/dwb.asp Dogwood Borer] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110118090212/http://www.na.fs.fed.us/spfo/pubs/howtos/ht_dogwd/ht_dog.htm Dogwood Anthracnose] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080509060251/http://www.ext.vt.edu/pubs/plantdiseasefs/450-611/450-611.html Foliar Diseases of Dogwood] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101229024456/http://www.plantmaps.com/nrm/cornus-florida-flowering-dogwood-native-range-map.php Interactive Distribution Map of Cornus florida] [[Categoria:Arbores Connecticutae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Indianae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Cenomannicae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Michiganiae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Novae Hantoniae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Novae Caesareae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Novi Eboraci]] [[Categoria:Arbores Ohii]] [[Categoria:Arbores Pennsylvaniae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Montis Viridis]] [[Categoria:Arbores Virginiae Occidentalis]] [[Categoria:Arbores Illinoesiae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Kansiae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Missuriae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Oclahomae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Alabamae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Arkansiae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Delavariae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Floridae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Georgiae (civitas CFA)]] [[Categoria:Arbores Kentukiae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Ludovicianae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Mississippiae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Carolinae Meridianae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Carolinae Septentrionalis]] [[Categoria:Arbores Tennesiae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Terrae Mariae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Texiae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Virginiae]] [[Categoria:Arbores Mexici]] [[Categoria:Cornus]] [[Categoria:Flora Massachusettae]] [[Categoria:Flora Rhodensis Insulae]] [[Categoria:Plantae medicinales]] [[Categoria:Species ligna ferentes]] [[Categoria:Species plantarum]] [[Categoria:Taxa Linnaei]] gg472io7cmc2ziqrwz2feyl1wpkyzte Hayden Panettiere 0 118109 3981796 3981768 2026-08-17T12:38:02Z IacobusAmor 1163 ~ 3981796 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Hayden Panettiere 2009.jpg|thumb|Hayden Panettiere.]] '''Hayden Panettiere''' (nata ''[[Palisades]]'' in oppido [[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]] die [[21 Augusti]] [[1989]]; mortua [[2026]]) fuit [[actrix]] et [[ostentatrix]] [[CFA|Americana]]. == Pelliculae selectae == * [[1998]] - '' [[The Object of My Affection]] '' == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat}} * {{Imdb name|0659363|Hayden Panettiere}} {{bio-stipula}} {{Lifetime|1989|2026|Panettiere, Hayden}} [[Categoria:Actores Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Cinematographia]] [[Categoria:Cantores]] hds4wpa2bwzcyslh3640cj4yp619xjt Cormoz 0 119821 3981986 3447218 2026-08-18T07:48:01Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981986 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Eglise_Saint-Pancrace_de_Cormoz.jpg|thumb|300 px|Cormoz: ecclesia [[Sanctus Pancratius|Sancto Pancratio]] dicata]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 01124.png|thumb|left|300px|Cormoz: communis tabula]] ''' Cormoz''' est [[commune]] [[Francia|Francicum]] 670 incolarum (anno [[2012]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Indis (praefectura Franciae)|Indis]] in regione orientali [[Rhodanus et Alpes|Rhodano et Alpibus]] (a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2016]] [[Arvernia Rhodanus et Alpes|Arvernia Rhodano et Alpibus]]). {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Indis|Indicem communium praefecturae Indis]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Cormoz|Cormoz}} * {{INSEE commune|01124|de=Cormoz}} * {{INSEE commune|01124|de=Cormoz}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100228191441/http://www.cormoz.fr/ Cormoz pagina interretialis] * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=10335 De hoc commune apud Cassini] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Idani]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Idani]] 0shg1o0ac10e3iowdy20jhxca4bffgx Categoria:Operae 14 120183 3981866 3041372 2026-08-17T21:33:47Z Grufo 64423 -{{Movenda}}: Petitionem de categoria movenda in [[Vicipaedia:Automata/Petitiones de categoriis movendis|pagina idonea]] [[Specialis:Diff/3954652/3981865|transcripsi]] 3981866 wikitext text/x-wiki {{CommuniaCat|Operas|operas}} {{principalis|Melodrama (musica)}} [[Categoria:Compositiones musicae]] [[Categoria:Carmina]] 0b1ssdc2njetb5kt37jet9bplnk78cq 8128 Nicomachus 0 144351 3981813 3322168 2026-08-17T18:08:43Z LilyKitty 18316 de origine nominis 3981813 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}} <!-- Cave ne astronomicas huius textus mensuras emendes; e formula {{fn|Data Asteroidum 8000}} automatice inseruntur. --> {{Capsa asteroidis |Numerus = 8128 |Genus = Asteroides Cinguli Principalis |Epocha = {{#time:j xg Y| {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|epocha}} }} |Axis = {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|axis semimaior}} |Perihelion = {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|perihelion}} |Aphelion = {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|aphelion}} |Periodus = {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|periodus}} |Anomalia = {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|anomalia media}} |Inclinatio = {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|inclinatio}} |Nodus = {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|omega}} |Argumentum = {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|argumentum}} |Eccentricitas = {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|eccentricitas}} |Diametrum = {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|diametrum}} |Massa = |Densitas = |Rotatio h = |Rotatio m = |Tholen = {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|spectrum tholen}} |SMASS = {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|spectrum smass}} |Magnitudo = {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|magnitudo}} |Albedo = {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|albedo}} |Repertor = Carolus Ulricus Cesco |Repertorbrevis = C. U. Cesco |Repertor2 = Arnoldus Ricardus Klemola |Repertorbrevis2 = A. R. Klemola |Repertor3 = |Repertorbrevis3 = |Repertor4 = |Repertorbrevis4 = ; |Dies = {{#time:j xg| {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|repertum}} }} |Annus = {{#time:Y| {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|repertum}} }} |Designationes = 1967 JP, 1966 CU, 1966 DT }} '''8128 {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|nomen}}''',<ref>[[Nomina asteroidum]] iussu [[Unio Astronomica Internationalis|Unionis Astronomicae Internationalis]] imposita sunt.</ref> olim designationibus '''1967 JP''', '''1966 CU''', et '''1966 DT''' agnitus, est [[asteroides]] [[Systema Solare|systematis solaris]] nostri, [[Asteroides Cinguli Principalis|asteroidibus Cinguli Principalis]] attributus. [[Astronomia|Astronomis]] terrestribus [[magnitudo absoluta|magnitudinem absolutam]] {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|magnitudo}} monstrat. Die [[{{#time:j xg| {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|repertum}} }}]] [[{{#time:Y| {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|repertum}} }}]] a [[Carolus Ulricus Cesco|Carolo Ulrico Cesco]] et [[Arnoldus Ricardus Klemola|Arnoldo Ricardo Klemola]], astronomis apud [[Complexus Astronomicus El Leoncito|Complexum Astronomicum El Leoncito]] versatis, repertus est.<ref>{{Harvard MPC Discovery Circumstances}}</ref> In honorem mathematici [[Nicomachus (mathematicus)|Nicomachi]] nominatus est.<!-- Hic de origine nominis scribendum est. --> Rerum orbitalium ratio [[epocha (astronomia)|epocha]]e {{#time:j xg Y| {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|epocha}} }} constitit. Qua epocha 8128 {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|nomen}} per dies {{#expr: (365.25 * {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|periodus}}) round 0}} circa solem movebatur. Axem orbitalem habebat [[Unitas astronomica|unitatum astronomicarum]] {{#expr: {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|axis semimaior}} round 2}} et eccentricitatem {{#expr: {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|eccentricitas}} round 2}}, distans igitur a sole [[perihelion|quam minime]] unitatibus {{#expr: {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|perihelion}} round 2}}, [[aphelion|quam maxime]] unitatibus {{#expr: {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|aphelion}} round 2}}. [[Inclinatio orbitalis]] {{#expr: {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|inclinatio}} round 2}}[[gradus (mensura)|&deg;]] reperiebatur, [[anomalia media]] {{#expr: {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|anomalia media}} round 2}}&deg;. <!-- Discovered 1967 May 6 by C. U. Cesco and A. R. Klemola at El Leoncito. Named for Nicomachus of Gerasa, first-century arithmetician and numerologist who has been credited with the discovery that 496 and 8128 are the third and fourth perfect numbers, i.e., numbers that are the sums of their factors (including unity but excluding the numbers themselves). The perfection of 6 and 28 was known to even earlier Greek and Hindu mathematicians. In 1644, Mersenne showed that the sequence of perfect numbers is given by the product of 2<sup>n</sup>-1 and 2<sup>n-1</sup> , where 2<sup>n</sup>-1 is prime---as then is n , which takes the values 2, 3, 5 and 7 for the first four cases. Name proposed by the second discoverer, following a suggestion by B. G. Marsden, who wrote the citation. NOTE: some special characters may not display properly (any characters within {} are an attempt to place the proper accent above a character) <b>Reference:</b> 19980411/MPCPages.arc <b>Last Updated:</b> 2009-11-17 --> ==Notae== <references/> ==Nexus externi== {{NASA JPL|Data=[http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=8128]}} {{systema solare nostrum}} [[Categoria:Asteroides anno {{#time:Y| {{Data Asteroidum 8000|8128|repertum}} }} reperti]] [[Categoria:Asteroides Cinguli Principalis]] 67qxic68513d0upesaiq5nz2masnil7 Abiogenesis 0 151014 3981793 3979979 2026-08-17T12:26:44Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981793 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Champagne vent white smokers.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|Primae vitae terrestris formae notae sunt coniecturabiles [[microorganismus|microorganismi]] [[fossile|fossilizati]], in [[foramen hydrothermale|praecipitis ex foraminibus hydrothermalibus]] visi, qui abhinc annorum 4.28 [[billio]]nes vixisse possunt, mox post aevum abhinc annorum 4.41 billiones, cum [[oceanus|oceani]] primum facti essent, et quidem mox post tellurem formatam, abhinc annorum 4.54 billiones.<ref name="NAT-20170301">{{cite journal |last1= Dodd |first1= Matthew S. |last2= Papineau |first2= Dominic |last3= Grenne |first3= Tor |last4= Slack |first4= John F. |last5= Rittner |first5= Martin |last6= Pirajno |first6= Franco |last7= O'Neil |first7= Jonathan |last8= Little |first8= Crispin T.S. |title= Evidence for early life in Earth's oldest hydrothermal vent precipitates |url= http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/112179/ |journal= Nature |date= 1 Martii [[2017]] |volume= 543 |issue= 7643 |pages= 60–64 |doi= 10.1038/nature21377 |pmid= 28252057 |accessdate= 2 Martii 2017 |bibcode= 2017Natur.543...60D |url-status= live |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20170908201821/http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/112179/ |archivedate= 8 Septembris 2017|doi-access= free }}.</ref><ref name="NYT-20170301">{{cite news |last= Zimmer |first= Carl |author-link= Carl Zimmer |title= Scientists Say Canadian Bacteria Fossils May Be Earth's Oldest |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/01/science/earths-oldest-bacteria-fossils.html |date= 1 Martii [[2017]] |work= [[The New York Times]] |accessdate= 2 Martii 2017 |url-status= live |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20170302042424/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/01/science/earths-oldest-bacteria-fossils.html |archivedate= 2 Martii 2017}}.</ref>]] [[Fasciculus:Stromatolites.jpg|thumb|[[Stromatolita|Stromatolites]] [[Prae-Cambrianum|Praecambrianae]] in Formatione Siyeh, [[Glacier National Park (U.S.)|Glacier National Park]]. Anno 2002 Gulielmus Schopf, investigator in [[UCLA]], commentarium divulgavit in ''Nature'' ([[periodicum|periodico]]), qui arguit formationes [[geologia|geologicas]] sicut haec formatio habere 3.5 Ga (abhinc annorum 3.5 billiones) [[microbium|microbia]] [[cyanobacteria]] [[fossile|fossilizata]]{{dubsig}}. Si hoc propositum est verum, ea sunt indicia primae vitae terrestris notae.]] '''Abiogenesis,''' vel '''biopoiesis,'''<ref>Bernal 1960: 30.</ref> vel vulgo '''origo vitae,'''<ref>{{cite book| last1 = Oparin| first1 = Aleksandr Ivanovich| author-link1 = Alexander Oparin| translator1-last = Morgulis| translator1-first = Sergius| year = [[1938]]| title = The Origin of Life| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Jv8psJCtI0gC| series = Phoenix Edition Series| edition = secunda| location = Mineolae Novi Eboraci| publisher = Courier Corporation| publication-date = [[2003]] | isbn = 978-0486495224| access-date = 16 Iunii 2018}}.</ref><ref name=Pereto /><ref name="AST-20151218">Compare: {{cite journal |author= Scharf, Caleb |title= A Strategy for Origins of Life Research |date= 18 Decembris [[2015]] |journal= Astrobiology |volume= 15 |issue= 12 |pages= 1031–1042 |doi= 10.1089/ast.2015.1113 |display-authors= etal |pmid= 26684503 |pmc= 4683543|bibcode= 2015AsBio..15.1031S | quote = What do we mean by the origins of life (OoL)? . . . Since the early 20th century the phrase OoL has been used to refer to the events that occurred during the transition from non-living to living systems on Earth, i.e., the origin of terrestrial biology (Oparin, 1924; Haldane, 1929). The term has largely replaced earlier concepts such as abiogenesis (Kamminga, 1980; Fry, 2000).}}</ref> in [[biologia evolutionaria]] est [[ratio (scientia)|ratio]] [[natura]]lis, per quam [[vita]] [[biologia|biologica]], sicut [[compositum organicum|composita organica]], ex [[materia (physica)|materia]] [[chemia inorganica|inorganica]] exoritur. Studium autem abiogenesis praesertim ad rationes, quibus [[organismus|vita in terra]] oriri potuit spectat.<ref name=Oparin>{{harvnb|Oparin|1953|p=vi}}.</ref><ref name=Pereto>{{cite journal|last= Peretó |first= Juli |year= [[2005]] |title= Controversies on the origin of life |url= http://www.im.microbios.org/0801/0801023.pdf |journal= [[International Microbiology]] |volume= 8 |issue= 1 |pages= 23–31 |pmid= 15906258 |accessdate= 1 Iunii 2015 |url-status= dead |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20150824074726/http://www.im.microbios.org/0801/0801023.pdf |archivedate= 24 Augusti 2015 |quote = Ever since the historical contributions by Aleksandr I. Oparin, in the 1920s, the intellectual challenge of the origin of life enigma has unfolded based on the assumption that life originated on Earth through physicochemical processes that can be supposed, comprehended, and simulated; that is, there were neither miracles nor spontaneous generations.}}.</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1= Warmflash |first1= David |last2= Warmflash |first2= Benjamin |date= November [[2005]] |title= Did Life Come from Another World? |url= https://archive.org/details/sim_scientific-american_2005-11_293_5/page/64 |journal= Scientific American |volume= 293 |issue= 5 |pages= 64–71 |doi= 10.1038/scientificamerican1105-64|pmid= 16318028 |bibcode= 2005SciAm.293e..64W | quote = According to the conventional hypothesis, the earliest living cells emerged as a result of chemical evolution on our planet billions of years ago in a process called abiogenesis.}}</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Yarus|2010|p=47}}.</ref> {{NexInt}} {{div col|3}} *[[Alexander Oparin]] *[[Astrobiologia]] *[[Astrochemia]] *[[Cellula artificialis]] *[[Circumiecta]] *[[Coniectura Telluris Rari]] *[[Descensus communis]] *[[Emergentia]] *[[Entropia et vita]] *[[Evolutio]] *[[Genoma]] *[[Habitabilitas planetaria]] *[[Immortalitas biologica]] *[[Mimivirus]] *[[Organismus]] *[[Origo linguae]] *[[Proteostasis]] *[[Principium mediocritatis]] *[[Selectio naturalis]] *[[Ultimus antecessor universalis]] {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== *Arrhenius, Gustaf, B. Sales, S. Mojzsis, et Lee.<!--?--> [[1997]]. Entropy and Charge in Molecular Evolution: The Case of Phosphate. ''Journal of Theoretical Biology'' 187 (4): 503–22. doi:10.1006/jtbi.1996.0385. PMID 9299295. *Buehler, Lukas K. [[2000]]–[[2005]]. ''The physico-chemical basis of life.'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20080326212142/http://www.whatislife.com/about.html Accessum 27 Octobris 2005.] *Davies, Paul. [[1998]]. ''The Fifth Miracle.'' Londinii: Penguin Science. ISBN 0140282262. *De Duve, Christian. [[1996]]. ''Vital Dust: The Origin and Evolution of Life on Earth.'' Basic Books. ISBN 0465090451. *Egel, R., D.-H. Lankenau, et A. Y. Mulkidjanian. [[2011]]. ''Origins of Life: The Primal Self-Organization.'' Berolini, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 9783642216244. E-ISBN 9783642216251. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-21625-1. *Fernando, C. T., et J. Rowe. [[2007]]. Natural selection in chemical evolution. ''Journal of Theoretical Biology'' 247 (1): 152–67. doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2007.01.028. PMID 17399743. *Gold, Thomas. [[1992]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120617082310/http://www.pnas.org/content/89/13/6045.full.pdf The Deep Hot Biosphere Theory.] ''Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences'' 89 (Iulius): 6045-6049. *Gribbon, John. 1998. ''The Case of the Missing Neutrinos and other Curious Phenomena of the Universe.'' Londinii: Penguin Science. ISBN 0140287345. *Hanczyc, Martin M., et Jack W. Szostak. [[2004]]. "Replicating vesicles as models of primitive cell growth and division." ''Current Opinion in Chemical Biology'' 8: 660–64. [http://genetics.mgh.harvard.edu/szostakweb/publications/Szostak_pdfs/Hanczyc_and_Szostak_2004_COChemBio.pdf PDF]. *Harris, Henry. [[2002]]. ''Things come to life: Spontaneous generation revisited.'' Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0198515383. *Hartman, Hyman. [1998 Photosynthesis and the Origin of Life. ''Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres'' 28 (4–6): 515–21. doi:10.1023/A:1006548904157. *Hazen, Robert M. 2005. ''Genesis: The Scientific Quest for Life's Origins.'' Joseph Henry Press. ISBN 0309094321. *Horgan, J. [[1991]]. In the beginning. ''Scientific American'' 264: 100–109. *Huber, C., et G. Wächtershäuser. 1998. "Peptides by activation of amino acids with CO on (Ni,Fe)S surfaces: implications for the origin of life." ''Science'' 281: 670–72. doi:10.1126/science.281.5377.670. PMID 9685253. Bibcode 1998Sci...281..670H. *Knoll, Andrew H. [[2003]]. '' Life on a Young Planet: The First Three Billion Years of Evolution on Earth.'' Princetoniae: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00978-3. *Luisi, Pier Luigi. [[2006]]. ''The Emergence of Life: From Chemical Origins to Synthetic Biology.'' Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-82117-7. *Martin, W., et M. J. Russell. 2002. "On the origins of cells: a hypothesis for the evolutionary transitions from abiotic geochemistry to chemoautotrophic prokaryotes, and from prokaryotes to nucleated cells." ''Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society: Biological sciences'' 358: 59–83; disputatio 83–85. doi:10.1098/rstb.2002.1183. PMID 12594918. PMC 1693102. *Maynard Smith, John, et Eors Szathmary. 2000. ''The Origins of Life: From the Birth of Life to the Origin of Language.'' Oxford Paperbacks. ISBN 019286209X. *Morowitz, Harold J. 1992. ''Beginnings of Cellular Life: Metabolism Recapitulates Biogenesis.'' Portu Novo: Yale University Press. ISBN 0300054831. *NASA Astrobiology Institute. [http://astrobiology.ucla.edu/pages/res3b.html Earth's Early Environment and Life] *NASA Specialized Center of Research and Training in Exobiology. [https://web.archive.org/web/20071221000659/http://exobio.ucsd.edu/arrhenius.htm Gustaf O. Arrhenius] *Nowak, Martin A., et Hisashi Ohtsuki. [[2008]]. "Prevolutionary dynamics and the origin of evolution." ''Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20140609004414/http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2008/09/11/0806714105.full.pdf+html PDF.] *Pitsch, Stefan, Ramanarayanan Krishnamurthy, et Gustaf Arrhenius. [[2000]] Concentration of Simple Aldehydes by Sulfite-Containing Double-Layer Hydroxide Minerals: Implications for Biopoesis. ''Helvetica Chimica Acta'' 83 (9): 2398–2411. doi:10.1002/1522-2675(20000906)83:9<2398::AID-HLCA2398>3.0.CO;2-5 *Russell, M. J., A. J. Hall, A. G. Cairns-Smith, et P. S. Braterman. [[1988]]. Submarine hot springs and the origin of life. ''Nature'' 336: 117. doi:10.1038/336117a0. *[http://publishing.royalsociety.org/cell-evolution Fasciculus dedicatus,]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ''Philosophical Transactions B'' de gradibus maioribus in progressu cellularum. *[http://publishing.royalsociety.org/emergence-of-life Fasciculus dedicatus,]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ''Philosophical Transactions B'' de origine vitae. *Zlobin, A. E. [[2014]]. "Symmetry infringement in mathematical metrics of hydrogen atom as illustration of ideas by V. I. Vernadsky concerning origin of life and biosphere." ''Acta Naturae'' (Special Issue 1): 48. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141006115358/http://www.azorcord.orc.ru/abstract.pdf PDF.] ==Nexus externi== *Orgel, Leslie. [https://web.archive.org/web/20080229142348/http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/97/23/12503?maxtoshow=&HITS=10&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=biochemical+cycles&searchid=1119837712082_3423&stored_search=&FIRSTINDEX=0&journalcode=pnas "Self-organizing biochemical cycles."] *Russell, Michael. [http://www.gla.ac.uk/projects/originoflife/ Situs Originum Vitae.] www.gla.ac.uk (Universitas Glasgoviensis). *Smith, John Maynard. [http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=4961537793081085343&ei=lqN4Sd71C5XYqAOhyJyoBA&q=john+maynard+smith ''The Origin of Life.''] [[Pellicula]]. *Zlobin, A. E. [[2013]]. [http://web.snauka.ru/en/issues/2013/12/30018 "Tunguska similar impacts and origin of life (mathematical theory of origin of life, incoming of pattern recognition algorithm due to comets)."] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20121025151553/http://student.science.uva.nl/~jckastel/html/abiogenesis.pdf "An abiogenesis primer for laymen."] Apud student.science.uva.nl. *[http://exploringorigins.org/ "Exploring Life's Origins: a Virtual Exhibit,"] exploringorigins.org *[https://web.archive.org/web/20120228203747/http://www.dailygalaxy.com/my_weblog/2008/06/harvard-team-cr.html "Harvard Team Creates the World's 1st Synthesized Cells,"] www.dailygalaxy.com. *[http://www.livescience.com/10531-life-began-research-suggests-simple-approach.html "How Life Began: New Research Suggests Simple Approach,"] www.livescience.com. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20060929161613/http://pokey.arc.nasa.gov/~astrochm/LifeImplications.html "Possible Connections Between Interstellar Chemistry and the Origin of Life on the Earth,"] pokey.arc.nasa.gov. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20130220174003/http://nai.arc.nasa.gov/news_stories/news_detail.cfm?ID=207 "Scientists Find Clues That Life Began in Deep Space,"] nai.arc.nasa.gov (NASA Astrobiology Institute). *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070713012333/http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa004&articleID=9952573C-E7F2-99DF-32F2928046329479 "Primordial Soup's On: Scientists Repeat Evolution's Most Famous Experiment,"] sciam.com (''Scientific American,'' 28 Martii 2007). *[http://www.evolution-textbook.org/content/free/figures/ch04.html Imagines ex libro ''Evolution,''] www.ecolution-textbook.org. {{biologia-stipula}} [[Categoria:Astrobiologia]] [[Categoria:Biologia]] [[Categoria:Biologia evolutionaria]] [[Categoria:Origo vitae| ]] {{Myrias|Biologia}} lx2rlxekvvlwc84rzdoq9eaf7zs2gzr Los Silos 0 160926 3981859 3868155 2026-08-17T21:20:01Z LIght Dim 213596 3981859 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de La Luz (Los Silos) file 03.jpg | left|250 px |thumb|Los Silos: [[ecclesia]]]] ''' Los Silos''' est urbs [[Hispania]]e, in [[insulae Canariae|communitatis Autonomae Canariarum]] [[insula Nivaria]] et [[Nivaria (provincia)|provincia eiusdem nominis]] situm, cui anno [[2011]] 5257 incolarum sunt. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Los Silos|Los Silos}} * [http://www.lossilos.es Communis pagina interretialis] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Canariae Insulae]] [[Categoria:Communia Hispaniae]] 2h76n0rpu4r7owqxrymn5ly1kntbq9t Circulus Hildesiensis 0 163291 3981861 3981315 2026-08-17T21:23:52Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981861 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} '''Circulus Hildesiensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Hildesiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Hildesheim'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Hildesiensis-e" ad [[Hildesia]]m refertur. Hac de urbe, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Hildesheim''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Hildesheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Hilmessen''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], die [[1 Augusti]] [[1977]] e circulis duobus et urbe Hildesia conditus est, quae etiam caput circuli est. == Communia circuli == [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in HI.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Hildesiensis]] Circulus Hildesiensis haec communia habet: * [[Alfelda]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Alfeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Allefelle''), urbs (19.919) * [[Algermissenum]]<ref name="Hoogeweg">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1903). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et privilegia de Algermisseno)'' (Vol. III). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Algermissen'') (7892) * [[Aulica]]<ref name="Graesse"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elze''), urbs (8868) * [[Bokenum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bockenem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokeln''), urbs (10.464) * [[Diekholza]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diekholzen'') (6656) * [[Freda]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Freden'') (4477) * [[Giesen]] (9786) * [[Harsum]] (11.663) * [[Hildesia]], urbs (102.584) * [[Holle]] (7255) * [[Lamspringe]] (5377) * [[Nordstemmen]] (12.410) * [[Salzdetfordium]]<ref name="Marcard 1805">Marcard, H. M. (1805). ''De salubritate aquarum nendorpensium et de earum usu in morbis chronicis''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich; et: Macard, H. M. (1805). ''De usu salutari fontium salinorum in territorio Hildesiensi sitorum''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Salzdetfurth''), urbs (13.525) * [[Sarstedt]], oppidum (18.482) * [[Schellerten]] (8138) * [[Sibbesse]] (5301) * [[Söhlde]] (7855) * [[Terra Montuosa Leinae (commune generale)|Terra Montuosa Leinae]]<ref>Nomen Theodiscum ''Leinebergland'' ex duobus elementis componitur, ''Leine-'' et ''-bergland''. Primum elementum ad fluvium ''Leine'' Theodisce nuncupatum refertur, cui Leibnitius in opere suo ''De origine Francorum disquisitio'' nomen Latinum "Leina" tribuit: “Ita pagus Leingau a Leina nostra dictus, postea soli parti superioris Leinae circa Gottingam mansit”. Ex hac forma "Leina, -ae" f. genitivus Leinae recte deducitur. Alterum elementum, ''-bergland'', regionem montuosam seu terram montuosam significat. Quare nomen ''Leinebergland'' Latine "Terra Montuosa Leinae" reddi potest.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Leinebergland'') (13.737, commune generale) ** [[Duthungun]]<ref name="Udolph 2004">Udolph, J. (2004). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala''. [[Gottinga]]e: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Duingen''; [[Saxonice|Ostfalice]] ''Daujen'') oppidum (5207) ** [[Eime]] ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eime'') oppidum (2696) ** [[Gronau]], urbs (5117) ==Notae== <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris|Hildesiensis]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1977]] 11hp4ew37vgslh903ilgnlrxxnr6nzo Freda (commune generale) 0 164369 3981835 3505352 2026-08-17T20:59:12Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Freden (commune generale)]] ad [[Freda (commune generale)]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3505352 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Freden''' commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|circulo Hildesiensi]] est. == Historia == Die [[1 Iulii]] [[1965]] commune generale conditum est. == Communia ad Freden pertinentes == ** [[Everode]] (479 incolae) ** [[Freden]] (3035, etiam est sedes administrationis communis generalis) ** [[Landwehr]] (515) ** [[Winzenburg]] (743) {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1965]] 6sbhcimp7nsf5l8n6oncmpq0u5afpqq 3981837 3981835 2026-08-17T21:01:42Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981837 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Freda'''<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Freden'') commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|circulo Hildesiensi]] est. == Historia == Die [[1 Iulii]] [[1965]] commune generale conditum est. == Communia ad Fredam pertinentes == ** [[Freden]]<ref name="-a"/> (3035, etiam est sedes administrationis communis generalis) ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1965]] h7ncydkz3m0e9wm79inos1brp8o649h 3981850 3981837 2026-08-17T21:13:26Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981850 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Freda'''<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Freden'') commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|circulo Hildesiensi]] fuit. == Historia == Die [[1 Iulii]] [[1965]] commune generale conditum et [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2016]] dissolutum est. == Communia ad Fredam pertinentes == ** [[Everoda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Everode'') (nunc vicus communis [[Freda]]e) ** [[Freda]]<ref name="-a"/> (Theodisce ''Freden'') (etiam fuit sedes administrationis communis generalis et ad quam omnia alia communia incorporata sunt, communi generali dissoluto) ** [[Munitio Agri]]<ref name="MA">Toponymum Theodiscum ''Landwehr'' duobus constat elementis, ''Land-'' et ''-wehr''. Vocabulum Theodiscum ''Land'' Latine "ager" reddi potest, praesertim cum de "agro, territorio vel terra culta" agitur; ita ''Land'' = "ager" apud Christophori Cellarii ''Latino-Germanicum sive Germanico-Latinum Lexicon''. Vocabulum autem ''Wehr'', quod a verbo Theodisco ''wehren'' («defendere, tutari») derivatur, ad notionem munitionis et defensionis referri potest; "munitio" enim Latine "rem vel locum ad defensionem comparatum" significare potest. Quare ''Landwehr'' interpretari ut "Munitio agri''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Landwehr'') (nunc vicus communis [[Freda]]e) ** [[Winzenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Winzenburg'') (nunc vicus communis [[Freda]]e) ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1965]] 9wvgaiybapcz6t1gt6pg9u1qn7neepi Everoda 0 164417 3981853 3981786 2026-08-17T21:15:48Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981853 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina neglecta}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Everoda}}<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Everode'') est vicus [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]]. Anno [[996]] nomine ''Avenigeroth'' primo in tabulis [[Henricus IV (imperator)|Henrici IV]] imperatoris ad [[Dioecesis Hildesiensis|episcopum Hildesiensem]] Bernwardum descripta est. Ab anno [[1965]] usque Kalendas Novembres anni [[2016]] ad [[Freden (commune generale)|eiusdem nominis]] commune generale pertinebat. A [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2016]], antiqua communia [[Everoda]], [[Munitio Agri]] et [[Winzenburgum]] pars communis Fredae facta sunt, dissoluto communi generali Fredae. ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 10]] fiu7tignl7af5k7fal4h2rgjamsz01z 3981854 3981853 2026-08-17T21:16:23Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981854 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina neglecta}} {{Capsa urbis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Everoda}}<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Everode'') est vicus [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]]. Anno [[996]] nomine ''Avenigeroth'' primo in tabulis [[Henricus IV (imperator)|Henrici IV]] imperatoris ad [[Dioecesis Hildesiensis|episcopum Hildesiensem]] Bernwardum descripta est. Ab anno [[1965]] usque Kalendas Novembres anni [[2016]] ad [[Freden (commune generale)|eiusdem nominis]] commune generale pertinebat. A [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2016]], antiqua communia Everoda, [[Munitio Agri]] et [[Winzenburgum]] pars communis [[Freda]]e facta sunt, dissoluto communi generali Fredae. ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 10]] ezo1m1k4kozr6g51drf5v46hy3hq83d Freda 0 164420 3981789 3981788 2026-08-17T11:59:34Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981789 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Freda'''<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> seu '''Fredenon'''<ref name="Udo">Udolph, J. (2005). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen. En Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala'', 14.–16. Maio 2004. [[Upsalia]]e.</ref> (Theodisce ''Freden'') commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]] est. Ad Fredam vici [[Everoda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Everode''); [[Freda (vicus)|Freda]]<ref name="-a"/> (Theodisce ''Freden'') cum [[Meimerhusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Meimerhausen''); [[Landwehr]] (Theodisce ''Landwehr''), ex [[Eyershusa]]<ref name="-husa"/> (Theodisce ''Eyershausen''), [[Ohlenroda]]<ref name="-roda"/> (Theodisce ''Ohlenrode'') et [[Witeborne|Witeborni]]<ref name="">Kirchengemeindelexikon (s. d.). ''Wetteborn. Landeskirchliches Archiv Hannover''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Wetteborn'') consistens; et [[Winzenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Winzenburg'') cum [[Westerberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Westerberg''), [[Klump]] (Theodisce ''Klump'') atque [[Schildhorst]] (Theodisce ''Schildhorst'') etiam pertinent. == Historia == Freda anno [[1068]] nomine ''Fredenon''<ref name="Udo"/> primo in tabulis [[Henricus IV (imperator)|Henrici IV]] imperatoris ad [[Dioecesis Hildesiensis|episcopum Hildesiensem]] Bernwardum descripta est. Anno [[1949]] vici "Groß Freden" et "Klein Freden" coniuncti sunt. Ab anno [[1965]] ad [[Freden (commune generale)|eiusdem nominis]] commune generale pertinet. Hic et sedes administrationis est. A [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2016]], antiquum commune [[Everoda]] pars communis Fredae factum est. ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 11]] 8dgkgap6gkgkhvh06c3zerbqwdlse9d 3981826 3981789 2026-08-17T19:50:56Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981826 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Freda'''<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> seu '''Fredenon'''<ref name="Udo">Udolph, J. (2005). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen. En Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala'', 14.–16. Maio 2004. [[Upsalia]]e.</ref> (Theodisce ''Freden'') commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]] est. Ad Fredam vici [[Everoda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Everode''); [[Freda (vicus)|Freda]]<ref name="-a"/> (Theodisce ''Freden'') cum [[Meimerhusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Meimerhausen''); [[Munitio Agri]]<ref name="MA">Toponymum Theodiscum ''Landwehr'' duobus constat elementis, ''Land-'' et ''-wehr''. Vocabulum Theodiscum ''Land'' Latine "ager" reddi potest, praesertim cum de "agro, territorio vel terra culta" agitur; ita ''Land'' = "ager" apud Christophori Cellarii ''Latino-Germanicum sive Germanico-Latinum Lexicon''. Vocabulum autem ''Wehr'', quod a verbo Theodisco ''wehren'' («defendere, tutari») derivatur, ad notionem munitionis et defensionis referri potest; "munitio" enim Latine "rem vel locum ad defensionem comparatum" significare potest. Quare ''Landwehr'' interpretari ut "Munitio agri''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Landwehr''), ex [[Eyershusa]]<ref name="-husa"/> (Theodisce ''Eyershausen''), [[Ohlenroda]]<ref name="-roda"/> (Theodisce ''Ohlenrode'') et [[Witeborne|Witeborni]]<ref name="">Kirchengemeindelexikon (s. d.). ''Wetteborn. Landeskirchliches Archiv Hannover''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Wetteborn'') consistens; et [[Winzenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Winzenburg'') cum [[Westerberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Westerberg''), [[Klump]] (Theodisce ''Klump'') atque [[Schildhorst]] (Theodisce ''Schildhorst'') etiam pertinent. == Historia == Freda anno [[1068]] nomine ''Fredenon''<ref name="Udo"/> primo in tabulis [[Henricus IV (imperator)|Henrici IV]] imperatoris ad [[Dioecesis Hildesiensis|episcopum Hildesiensem]] Bernwardum descripta est. Anno [[1949]] vici "Groß Freden" et "Klein Freden" coniuncti sunt. Ab anno [[1965]] ad [[Freden (commune generale)|eiusdem nominis]] commune generale pertinet. Hic et sedes administrationis est. A [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2016]], antiquum commune [[Everoda]] pars communis Fredae factum est. ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 11]] 8hj8zozu7pujmz54bqlzhy66lf5pgg6 3981852 3981826 2026-08-17T21:14:40Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981852 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Freda'''<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> seu '''Fredenon'''<ref name="Udo">Udolph, J. (2005). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen. En Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala'', 14.–16. Maio 2004. [[Upsalia]]e.</ref> (Theodisce ''Freden'') commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]] est. Ad Fredam vici [[Everoda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Everode''); [[Freda (vicus)|Freda]]<ref name="-a"/> (Theodisce ''Freden'') cum [[Meimerhusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Meimerhausen''); [[Munitio Agri]]<ref name="MA">Toponymum Theodiscum ''Landwehr'' duobus constat elementis, ''Land-'' et ''-wehr''. Vocabulum Theodiscum ''Land'' Latine "ager" reddi potest, praesertim cum de "agro, territorio vel terra culta" agitur; ita ''Land'' = "ager" apud Christophori Cellarii ''Latino-Germanicum sive Germanico-Latinum Lexicon''. Vocabulum autem ''Wehr'', quod a verbo Theodisco ''wehren'' («defendere, tutari») derivatur, ad notionem munitionis et defensionis referri potest; "munitio" enim Latine "rem vel locum ad defensionem comparatum" significare potest. Quare ''Landwehr'' interpretari ut "Munitio agri''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Landwehr''), ex [[Eyershusa]]<ref name="-husa"/> (Theodisce ''Eyershausen''), [[Ohlenroda]]<ref name="-roda"/> (Theodisce ''Ohlenrode'') et [[Witeborne|Witeborni]]<ref name="">Kirchengemeindelexikon (s. d.). ''Wetteborn. Landeskirchliches Archiv Hannover''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Wetteborn'') consistens; et [[Winzenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Winzenburg'') cum [[Westerberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Westerberg''), [[Klump]] (Theodisce ''Klump'') atque [[Schildhorst]] (Theodisce ''Schildhorst'') etiam pertinent. == Historia == Freda anno [[1068]] nomine ''Fredenon''<ref name="Udo"/> primo in tabulis [[Henricus IV (imperator)|Henrici IV]] imperatoris ad [[Dioecesis Hildesiensis|episcopum Hildesiensem]] Bernwardum descripta est. Anno [[1949]] vici "Groß Freden" et "Klein Freden" coniuncti sunt. Ab anno [[1965]] usque Kalendas Novembres anni [[2016]] ad [[Freden (commune generale)|eiusdem nominis]] commune generale pertinebat. Hic et sedes administrationis est. A [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2016]], antiqua communia [[Everoda]], [[Munitio Agri]] et [[Winzenburgum]] pars communis Fredae facta sunt, dissoluto communi generali Fredae. ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 11]] 6g3g0acz2rjqjya47ow94xp61ccg3x8 Munitio Agri 0 164424 3981824 3505355 2026-08-17T19:43:13Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Landwehr]] ad [[Munitio Agri]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3505355 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Landwehr''' vicus [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]] est. == Historia == Vici oppidi Landwehr (Latine "''munitio agri''") medio aevo partes munimenti arcis [[Winzenburg]] conditi sunt. Qui Vici (Eyershausen Ohlenrode Wettebornque) anno [[1974]] ad commune Landwehr coniuncti sunt. Iam ab anno [[1965]] vici ad [[Freden (commune generale)|Freden]] commune generale pertinent. {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] lffmjuxyh3do5l22ss1xk3wts8r04xp 3981827 3981824 2026-08-17T20:03:15Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981827 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Munitio Agri'''<ref name="MA">Toponymum Theodiscum ''Landwehr'' duobus constat elementis, ''Land-'' et ''-wehr''. Vocabulum Theodiscum ''Land'' Latine "ager" reddi potest, praesertim cum de "agro, territorio vel terra culta" agitur; ita ''Land'' = "ager" apud Christophori Cellarii ''Latino-Germanicum sive Germanico-Latinum Lexicon''. Vocabulum autem ''Wehr'', quod a verbo Theodisco ''wehren'' («defendere, tutari») derivatur, ad notionem munitionis et defensionis referri potest; "munitio" enim Latine "rem vel locum ad defensionem comparatum" significare potest. Quare ''Landwehr'' interpretari ut "Munitio agri''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Landwehr'') vicus communis [[Freda]]e in [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxonia Inferiore]] in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]] est. == Historia == Vici antiqui communis Munitionis Agri<ref name="MA"/> (Theodisce ''Landwehr'') medio aevo partes munimenti arcis [[Winzenburgum|Winzenburgi]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Winzenburg'') conditi sunt. Qui vici [[Eyershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Eyershausen''), [[Ohlenroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Ohlenrode'') et [[Witeborne|Witeborni]]<ref name="">Kirchengemeindelexikon (s. d.). ''Wetteborn. Landeskirchliches Archiv Hannover''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Wetteborn'') erant et anno [[1974]] omnes ad commune Munitionem Agri coniuncti sunt. Iam ab anno [[1965]] hi vici iuxta cum Munitionem Agri ad [[Freda (commune generale)|Freda]] commune generale pertinent et [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2016]] Munitio Agri iuxta cum omnibus suis vicis in commune [[Freda]]e incorporata est. ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] pyapq12ymgka4sfl9mefqtgf6mkhch9 3981857 3981827 2026-08-17T21:18:35Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981857 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Munitio Agri'''<ref name="MA">Toponymum Theodiscum ''Landwehr'' duobus constat elementis, ''Land-'' et ''-wehr''. Vocabulum Theodiscum ''Land'' Latine "ager" reddi potest, praesertim cum de "agro, territorio vel terra culta" agitur; ita ''Land'' = "ager" apud Christophori Cellarii ''Latino-Germanicum sive Germanico-Latinum Lexicon''. Vocabulum autem ''Wehr'', quod a verbo Theodisco ''wehren'' («defendere, tutari») derivatur, ad notionem munitionis et defensionis referri potest; "munitio" enim Latine "rem vel locum ad defensionem comparatum" significare potest. Quare ''Landwehr'' interpretari ut "Munitio agri''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Landwehr'') vicus communis [[Freda]]e in [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxonia Inferiore]] in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]] est. == Historia == Vici antiqui communis Munitionis Agri<ref name="MA"/> (Theodisce ''Landwehr'') medio aevo partes munimenti arcis [[Winzenburgum|Winzenburgi]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Winzenburg'') conditi sunt. Qui vici [[Eyershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Eyershausen''), [[Ohlenroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Ohlenrode'') et [[Witeborne|Witeborni]]<ref name="">Kirchengemeindelexikon (s. d.). ''Wetteborn. Landeskirchliches Archiv Hannover''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Wetteborn'') erant et anno [[1974]] omnes ad commune Munitionem Agri coniuncti sunt. Ab anno [[1965]] usque Kalendas Novembres anni [[2016]] ad [[Freden (commune generale)|eiusdem nominis]] commune generale Munitio Agri et omnes suae vici pertinebant. A [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2016]], antiqua communia [[Everoda]], [[Munitio Agri]] et [[Winzenburgum]] pars communis Fredae facta sunt, dissoluto communi generali Fredae. ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] bjevc90g5szknaypslwmlwaicz3axhk 3981858 3981857 2026-08-17T21:19:24Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981858 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Munitio Agri'''<ref name="MA">Toponymum Theodiscum ''Landwehr'' duobus constat elementis, ''Land-'' et ''-wehr''. Vocabulum Theodiscum ''Land'' Latine "ager" reddi potest, praesertim cum de "agro, territorio vel terra culta" agitur; ita ''Land'' = "ager" apud Christophori Cellarii ''Latino-Germanicum sive Germanico-Latinum Lexicon''. Vocabulum autem ''Wehr'', quod a verbo Theodisco ''wehren'' («defendere, tutari») derivatur, ad notionem munitionis et defensionis referri potest; "munitio" enim Latine "rem vel locum ad defensionem comparatum" significare potest. Quare ''Landwehr'' interpretari ut "Munitio agri''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Landwehr'') vicus communis [[Freda]]e in [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxonia Inferiore]] in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]] est. == Historia == Vici antiqui communis Munitionis Agri<ref name="MA"/> (Theodisce ''Landwehr'') medio aevo partes munimenti arcis [[Winzenburgum|Winzenburgi]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Winzenburg'') conditi sunt. Qui vici [[Eyershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Eyershausen''), [[Ohlenroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Ohlenrode'') et [[Witeborne|Witeborni]]<ref name="">Kirchengemeindelexikon (s. d.). ''Wetteborn. Landeskirchliches Archiv Hannover''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Wetteborn'') erant et anno [[1974]] omnes ad commune Munitionem Agri coniuncti sunt. Ab anno [[1965]] usque Kalendas Novembres anni [[2016]] ad [[Freden (commune generale)|eiusdem nominis]] commune generale Munitio Agri et omnes suae vici pertinebant. A [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2016]], antiqua communia [[Everoda]], Munitio Agri et [[Winzenburgum]] pars communis Fredae facta sunt, dissoluto communi generali Fredae. ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] hzgenmldlw0kx7zbuib284wnfkxjleu Winzenburgum 0 164459 3981828 3505356 2026-08-17T20:05:56Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Winzenburg]] ad [[Winzenburgum]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3505356 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Landwehr''' commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]] est. == Historia == Vici oppidi Winzenburg (Latine "''munitio agri''") saeculo 16 apud Arcem Winzenburg conditi sunt. Qui Vici (Winzenburg, Westerberg, Klump et Schildhorst) anno [[1974]] ad commune Landwehr coniuncti sunt. Iam ab anno [[1965]] vici ad [[Freden (commune generale)|Freden]] commune generale pertinent. {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 16]] 148jewxzbp0mw0xeevftqhh5hu3tpgt 3981830 3981828 2026-08-17T20:14:10Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981830 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Winzenburgum'''[[Winzenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Winzenburg'') vicus communis [[Freda]]e in [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxonia Inferiore]] in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]] est. == Historia == Vici antiqui communis Winzenburgi<ref name="-burg"/> [[saeculum 16|saeculo XVI]] apud Arcem Winzenburgensem conditi sunt. Qui vici sunt [[Westerberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Westerberg''), [[Klump]] (Theodisce ''Klump'') atque [[Schildhorst]] (Theodisce ''Schildhorst''), qui anno [[1974]], iuxta cum sua sede Winzenburgo, ad commune [[Munitio Agri|Munitionem Agri]]<ref name="MA">Toponymum Theodiscum ''Landwehr'' duobus constat elementis, ''Land-'' et ''-wehr''. Vocabulum Theodiscum ''Land'' Latine "ager" reddi potest, praesertim cum de "agro, territorio vel terra culta" agitur; ita ''Land'' = "ager" apud Christophori Cellarii ''Latino-Germanicum sive Germanico-Latinum Lexicon''. Vocabulum autem ''Wehr'', quod a verbo Theodisco ''wehren'' («defendere, tutari») derivatur, ad notionem munitionis et defensionis referri potest; "munitio" enim Latine "rem vel locum ad defensionem comparatum" significare potest. Quare ''Landwehr'' interpretari ut "Munitio agri''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Landwehr'') coniuncti sunt. Iam ab anno [[1965]] omnia haec [[villagium|villagia]] ad [[Freda (commune generale)|Fredam]] commune generale pertinent et [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2016]] in commune [[Freda]]e incorporata sunt. ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 16]] ryaonas7rhmpfl931df71lqur5ggjp9 3981831 3981830 2026-08-17T20:14:55Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981831 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Winzenburgum'''<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Winzenburg'') vicus communis [[Freda]]e in [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxonia Inferiore]] in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]] est. == Historia == Vici antiqui communis Winzenburgi<ref name="-burg"/> [[saeculum 16|saeculo XVI]] apud Arcem Winzenburgensem conditi sunt. Qui vici sunt [[Westerberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Westerberg''), [[Klump]] (Theodisce ''Klump'') atque [[Schildhorst]] (Theodisce ''Schildhorst''), qui anno [[1974]], iuxta cum sua sede Winzenburgo, ad commune [[Munitio Agri|Munitionem Agri]]<ref name="MA">Toponymum Theodiscum ''Landwehr'' duobus constat elementis, ''Land-'' et ''-wehr''. Vocabulum Theodiscum ''Land'' Latine "ager" reddi potest, praesertim cum de "agro, territorio vel terra culta" agitur; ita ''Land'' = "ager" apud Christophori Cellarii ''Latino-Germanicum sive Germanico-Latinum Lexicon''. Vocabulum autem ''Wehr'', quod a verbo Theodisco ''wehren'' («defendere, tutari») derivatur, ad notionem munitionis et defensionis referri potest; "munitio" enim Latine "rem vel locum ad defensionem comparatum" significare potest. Quare ''Landwehr'' interpretari ut "Munitio agri''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Landwehr'') coniuncti sunt. Iam ab anno [[1965]] omnia haec [[villagium|villagia]] ad [[Freda (commune generale)|Fredam]] commune generale pertinent et [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2016]] in commune [[Freda]]e incorporata sunt. ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 16]] ghqnz7tni9h4vzjpq0iz59ln2s30j0c 3981860 3981831 2026-08-17T21:20:31Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981860 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Winzenburgum'''<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Winzenburg'') vicus communis [[Freda]]e in [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxonia Inferiore]] in [[Circulus Hildesiensis|Circulo Hildesiensi]] est. == Historia == Vici antiqui communis Winzenburgi<ref name="-burg"/> [[saeculum 16|saeculo XVI]] apud Arcem Winzenburgensem conditi sunt. Qui vici sunt [[Westerberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Westerberg''), [[Klump]] (Theodisce ''Klump'') atque [[Schildhorst]] (Theodisce ''Schildhorst''), qui anno [[1974]], iuxta cum sua sede Winzenburgo, ad commune [[Munitio Agri|Munitionem Agri]]<ref name="MA">Toponymum Theodiscum ''Landwehr'' duobus constat elementis, ''Land-'' et ''-wehr''. Vocabulum Theodiscum ''Land'' Latine "ager" reddi potest, praesertim cum de "agro, territorio vel terra culta" agitur; ita ''Land'' = "ager" apud Christophori Cellarii ''Latino-Germanicum sive Germanico-Latinum Lexicon''. Vocabulum autem ''Wehr'', quod a verbo Theodisco ''wehren'' («defendere, tutari») derivatur, ad notionem munitionis et defensionis referri potest; "munitio" enim Latine "rem vel locum ad defensionem comparatum" significare potest. Quare ''Landwehr'' interpretari ut "Munitio agri''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Landwehr'') coniuncti sunt. Iam ab anno [[1965]] omnia haec [[villagium|villagia]] ad [[Freda (commune generale)|Fredam]] commune generale pertinebant usque ad [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2016]], cum in commune [[Freda]]e incorporata sunt, dissoluto communi generali. ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 16]] dquwm5pmlmraqcwl8f5ka5hehz02fno Chilleurs-aux-Bois 0 175680 3981976 3450274 2026-08-18T04:48:02Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981976 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Blason_ville_fr_Chilleurs-aux-Bois%2845%29.svg |thumb|left|300px|Chilleurs-aux-Bois: [[vexillum]] ]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 45095.png|thumb|300px|Chilleurs-aux-Bois: communis tabula]] '''Chilleurs-aux-Bois''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 1'841 incolarum (anno [[2010]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Ligerula (praefectura Franciae)|Ligerulae]] in provincia [[Centrum (regio Franciae)|Media]] == Geographia == ''Chilleurs-aux-Bois'' est commune qua [[Ovus (tributarius Exona)|Ovus]] oritur. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Ligerulae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Chilleurs-aux-Bois|Chilleurs-aux-Bois}} * {{INSEE commune|45095|de=Chilleurs-aux-Bois}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061125102733/http://www.chilleurs-aux-bois.fr/ Chilleurs-aux-Bois pagina interretialis] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Ligerulae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Ligerulae]] ggw08erx9xtnrg1865vjkm2dzqgapdc Circulus Helmstadiensis 0 178140 3981887 3979527 2026-08-17T23:04:50Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981887 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in HE.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Helmstadiensi]] '''Circulus Helmstadiensis''', nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[1833]] conditus est et ad annum [[1918]] ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]] et ad [[1946]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit, nunc autem ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. Caput circuli urbs [[Helmstadium]] est. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Büddenstedt]] (2709 incolae) * [[Helmstadium]] urbs (''Helmstedt'') (23.686) * [[Luttera Regalis]] urbs (''Königslutter'') (15.666) * [[Lehre]] (11.466) * [[Scahuningi]] urbs (''Schöningen'') (11.847) * [[Grasleben (commune generale)|Grasleben]] commune generale (4661) ** [[Grasleben]], sedes administrationis (2441) ** [[Mariental]] (977) ** [[Querenhorst]] (536) ** [[Rennau]] (707) * [[Heeseberg (commune generale)|Heeseberg]] commune generale (4003) ** [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'') (406) ** [[Gevensleben]] (658) ** [[Ingeleben]] (407) ** [[Jerxheim]] (1140) ** [[Söllingen]] (656) ** [[Twieflingen]] (736) * [[Nord-Elm (commune generale)|Nord-Elm]] commune generale (5.792) ** [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'') (826) ** [[Räbke]] (683) ** [[Süpplingen]] (1739) ** [[Süpplingenburg]] (656) ** [[Warberg]] (854) ** [[Wolsdorf]] (1034) * [[Velpke (commune generale)|Velpke]] commune generale (12.232) ** [[Bardorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859">Sudendorf, H. (Ed.) (1859). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande'' (Vol. 1). Carl Rümpler Verlag.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrdorf'') (1959) ** [[Danthorpum]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel % Udolph VII 2011">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Udolph, J. (2011). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII''). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Danndorf'') (2106) ** [[Grafhorst]] (982) ** [[Groß Twülpstedt]] (2620) ** [[Velpke]] (4565) == Coniunctio pagorum == * Powiat Wejherowski ([[Polonia]]) ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Landkreis Helmstedt|Circulus Helmstadiensis}} * [http://www.helmstedt.de/ Pagina interretialis] {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Helmstadiensis circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1833]] 7p0lhl2a2c6y5sem1iberhqkw93dcld 3981898 3981887 2026-08-17T23:54:05Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981898 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in HE.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Helmstadiensi.]] '''Circulus Helmstadiensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Helmstadiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Helmstedt'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Helmstadium]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Helmstadiensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Helmstedt''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Helmstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Helmstidde''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[1833]] conditus est et ad annum [[1918]] ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]] et ad [[1946]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit, nunc autem ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. Caput circuli urbs [[Helmstadium]] est. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Büddenstedt]] (2709 incolae) * [[Helmstadium]] urbs (''Helmstedt'') (23.686) * [[Luttera Regalis]] urbs (''Königslutter'') (15.666) * [[Lehre]] (11.466) * [[Scahuningi]] urbs (''Schöningen'') (11.847) * [[Grasleben (commune generale)|Grasleben]] commune generale (4661) ** [[Grasleben]], sedes administrationis (2441) ** [[Mariental]] (977) ** [[Querenhorst]] (536) ** [[Rennau]] (707) * [[Heeseberg (commune generale)|Heeseberg]] commune generale (4003) ** [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'') (406) ** [[Gevensleben]] (658) ** [[Ingeleben]] (407) ** [[Jerxheim]] (1140) ** [[Söllingen]] (656) ** [[Twieflingen]] (736) * [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)|Iugum Elmense Septentrionale]]<ref name="IES">[https://www.frag-caesar.de/lateinwoerterbuch/iugum-uebersetzung.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Latina vox "iugum" Theodiscam ''Höhenzug''] et Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum 'Nord(-)'' vertit. Latinum autem gentilicium "Elmensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponynum ''Elm'' refertur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nord-Elm'') commune generale (5.792) ** [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'') (826) ** [[Räbke]] (683) ** [[Süpplingen]] (1739) ** [[Süpplingenburg]] (656) ** [[Warberg]] (854) ** [[Wolsdorf]] (1034) * [[Velpke (commune generale)|Velpke]] commune generale (12.232) ** [[Bardorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859">Sudendorf, H. (Ed.) (1859). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande'' (Vol. 1). Carl Rümpler Verlag.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrdorf'') (1959) ** [[Danthorpum]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel % Udolph VII 2011">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Udolph, J. (2011). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII''). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Danndorf'') (2106) ** [[Grafhorst]] (982) ** [[Groß Twülpstedt]] (2620) ** [[Velpke]] (4565) == Coniunctio pagorum == * Powiat Wejherowski ([[Polonia]]) ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Landkreis Helmstedt|Circulus Helmstadiensis}} * [http://www.helmstedt.de/ Pagina interretialis] {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Helmstadiensis circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1833]] 217h63ujomsztcz52aqhctlb7eqc3ug 3981899 3981898 2026-08-17T23:55:12Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981899 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in HE.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Helmstadiensi.]] '''Circulus Helmstadiensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Helmstadiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Helmstedt'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Helmstadium]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Helmstadiensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Helmstedt''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Helmstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Helmstidde''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[1833]] conditus est et ad annum [[1918]] ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]] et ad [[1946]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit, nunc autem ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. Caput circuli urbs [[Helmstadium]] est. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Büddenstedt]] (2709 incolae) * [[Helmstadium]] urbs (''Helmstedt'') (23.686) * [[Luttera Regalis]] urbs (''Königslutter'') (15.666) * [[Lehre]] (11.466) * [[Scahuningi]] urbs (''Schöningen'') (11.847) * [[Grasleben (commune generale)|Grasleben]] commune generale (4661) ** [[Grasleben]], sedes administrationis (2441) ** [[Mariental]] (977) ** [[Querenhorst]] (536) ** [[Rennau]] (707) * [[Heeseberg (commune generale)|Heeseberg]] commune generale (4003) ** [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'') (406) ** [[Gevensleben]] (658) ** [[Ingeleben]] (407) ** [[Jerxheim]] (1140) ** [[Söllingen]] (656) ** [[Twieflingen]] (736) * [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)|Iugum Elmense Septentrionale]]<ref name="IES">[https://www.frag-caesar.de/lateinwoerterbuch/iugum-uebersetzung.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Latina vox "iugum" Theodiscam ''Höhenzug''] et Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum ''Nord(-)'' vertit. Latinum autem gentilicium "Elmensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponynum ''Elm'' refertur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nord-Elm'') commune generale (5.792) ** [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'') (826) ** [[Räbke]] (683) ** [[Süpplingen]] (1739) ** [[Süpplingenburg]] (656) ** [[Warberg]] (854) ** [[Wolsdorf]] (1034) * [[Velpke (commune generale)|Velpke]] commune generale (12.232) ** [[Bardorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859">Sudendorf, H. (Ed.) (1859). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande'' (Vol. 1). Carl Rümpler Verlag.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrdorf'') (1959) ** [[Danthorpum]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel % Udolph VII 2011">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Udolph, J. (2011). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII''). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Danndorf'') (2106) ** [[Grafhorst]] (982) ** [[Groß Twülpstedt]] (2620) ** [[Velpke]] (4565) == Coniunctio pagorum == * Powiat Wejherowski ([[Polonia]]) ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Landkreis Helmstedt|Circulus Helmstadiensis}} * [http://www.helmstedt.de/ Pagina interretialis] {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Helmstadiensis circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1833]] 9hp29pvw3xziek9g19vds0xnf9gwp19 3981916 3981899 2026-08-18T00:17:26Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981916 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in HE.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Helmstadiensi.]] '''Circulus Helmstadiensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Helmstadiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Helmstedt'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Helmstadium]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Helmstadiensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Helmstedt''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Helmstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Helmstidde''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[1833]] conditus est et ad annum [[1918]] ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]] et ad [[1946]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit, nunc autem ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. Caput circuli urbs [[Helmstadium]] est. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Büddenstedt]] (2709 incolae) * [[Helmstadium]] urbs (''Helmstedt'') (23.686) * [[Luttera Regalis]] urbs (''Königslutter'') (15.666) * [[Lehre]] (11.466) * [[Scahuningi]] urbs (''Schöningen'') (11.847) * [[Grasleben (commune generale)|Grasleben]] commune generale (4661) ** [[Grasleben]], sedes administrationis (2441) ** [[Mariental]] (977) ** [[Querenhorst]] (536) ** [[Rennau]] (707) * [[Hese Nemus (commune generale)|Hese Nemus]]<ref name="Hese Nemus">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ], ubi dicitur "(...) Bergnamen Heeseberg, vor 1196-1197 (a. 14. Jh.) ''in monte, qui dicitur Hese nemus'' (schneidmüller, Kollegiatstifte s. 307) (...)". Qui mons citatus nomen praesenti communi generali dat.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeseberg'') commune generale (4003) ** [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'') (406) ** [[Gevensleben]] (658) ** [[Ingeleben]] (407) ** [[Jerxheim]] (1140) ** [[Söllingen]] (656) ** [[Twieflingen]] (736) * [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)|Iugum Elmense Septentrionale]]<ref name="IES">[https://www.frag-caesar.de/lateinwoerterbuch/iugum-uebersetzung.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Latina vox "iugum" Theodiscam ''Höhenzug''] et Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum ''Nord(-)'' vertit. Latinum autem gentilicium "Elmensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponynum ''Elm'' refertur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nord-Elm'') commune generale (5.792) ** [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'') (826) ** [[Räbke]] (683) ** [[Süpplingen]] (1739) ** [[Süpplingenburg]] (656) ** [[Warberg]] (854) ** [[Wolsdorf]] (1034) * [[Velpke (commune generale)|Velpke]] commune generale (12.232) ** [[Bardorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859">Sudendorf, H. (Ed.) (1859). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande'' (Vol. 1). Carl Rümpler Verlag.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrdorf'') (1959) ** [[Danthorpum]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel % Udolph VII 2011">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Udolph, J. (2011). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII''). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Danndorf'') (2106) ** [[Grafhorst]] (982) ** [[Groß Twülpstedt]] (2620) ** [[Velpke]] (4565) == Coniunctio pagorum == * Powiat Wejherowski ([[Polonia]]) ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Landkreis Helmstedt|Circulus Helmstadiensis}} * [http://www.helmstedt.de/ Pagina interretialis] {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Helmstadiensis circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1833]] l6mj140vn72wm8jtq8zf0xln5xlfd2g 3981918 3981916 2026-08-18T00:18:47Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981918 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in HE.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Helmstadiensi.]] '''Circulus Helmstadiensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Helmstadiensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Helmstedt'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Helmstadium]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Helmstadiensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Helmstedt''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Helmstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Helmstidde''), nunc pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[1833]] conditus est et ad annum [[1918]] ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]] et ad [[1946]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit, nunc autem ad Saxoniam Inferiorem. Caput circuli urbs [[Helmstadium]] est. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Büddenstedt]] (2709 incolae) * [[Helmstadium]] urbs (''Helmstedt'') (23.686) * [[Luttera Regalis]] urbs (''Königslutter'') (15.666) * [[Lehre]] (11.466) * [[Scahuningi]] urbs (''Schöningen'') (11.847) * [[Grasleben (commune generale)|Grasleben]] commune generale (4661) ** [[Grasleben]], sedes administrationis (2441) ** [[Mariental]] (977) ** [[Querenhorst]] (536) ** [[Rennau]] (707) * [[Hese Nemus (commune generale)|Hese Nemus]]<ref name="Hese Nemus">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) Bergnamen Heeseberg, vor 1196-1197 (a. 14. Jh.) ''in monte, qui dicitur Hese nemus'' (schneidmüller, Kollegiatstifte s. 307) (...)". Qui mons citatus nomen praesenti communi generali dat.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeseberg'') commune generale (4003) ** [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'') (406) ** [[Gevensleben]] (658) ** [[Ingeleben]] (407) ** [[Jerxheim]] (1140) ** [[Söllingen]] (656) ** [[Twieflingen]] (736) * [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)|Iugum Elmense Septentrionale]]<ref name="IES">[https://www.frag-caesar.de/lateinwoerterbuch/iugum-uebersetzung.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Latina vox "iugum" Theodiscam ''Höhenzug''] et Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum ''Nord(-)'' vertit. Latinum autem gentilicium "Elmensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponynum ''Elm'' refertur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nord-Elm'') commune generale (5.792) ** [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'') (826) ** [[Räbke]] (683) ** [[Süpplingen]] (1739) ** [[Süpplingenburg]] (656) ** [[Warberg]] (854) ** [[Wolsdorf]] (1034) * [[Velpke (commune generale)|Velpke]] commune generale (12.232) ** [[Bardorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859">Sudendorf, H. (Ed.) (1859). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande'' (Vol. 1). Carl Rümpler Verlag.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrdorf'') (1959) ** [[Danthorpum]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel % Udolph VII 2011">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Udolph, J. (2011). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII''). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Danndorf'') (2106) ** [[Grafhorst]] (982) ** [[Groß Twülpstedt]] (2620) ** [[Velpke]] (4565) == Coniunctio pagorum == * Powiat Wejherowski ([[Polonia]]) ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Landkreis Helmstedt|Circulus Helmstadiensis}} * [http://www.helmstedt.de/ Pagina interretialis] {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Helmstadiensis circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1833]] toju37vosgjdj3oa6mhq4gamm62xg6j Alexis Love 0 178806 3981797 3966090 2026-08-17T15:01:54Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981797 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} '''Donna Nicole Gutierrez''', nomine histrionis '''Alexis Love''' appellata, nata [[Sacramentum (California)|Sacramenti]] [[California]]e die [[7 Aprilis]] [[1987]] vel 1988, est quondam [[pornographia|actrix pornographica]] et [[moda|modella erotica]] [[Civitates Foederatae|Americana]].<ref name="IAFD">[http://www.iafd.com/person.rme/perfid=AlexisLove/gender=female Alexis Love] {{ling|Anglice}} in ''[[Internet Adult Film Database]]''.</ref> In periodo ab anno 2006 usque ad 2019 industria fuit quo in ca 300 [[pellicula|pelliculis]] egit.<ref name="IAFD"/> [[Maius|Maio]] 2008, Pet of the Month ("deliciae mensis") in ''[[Penthouse]],'' [[periodicum|periodico]] erotico, nominabatur.<ref>[http://www.myspace.com/penthouse Pagina interretialis MySpace officialis Penthouse Magazine] {{ling|Anglice}}.</ref><ref>[http://www.penthousemagazine.com/ Pagina interretialis officialis Penthouse Magazine] {{ling|Anglice}}.</ref> Eodem anno in ''[[The Howard Stern Show]]'' et ''[[The Maury Show]],'' [[televisio|spectaculis televisificis]], etiam apparuit. == Nominationes et pretia == Inter Love multas nominationes [[pretium|pretiis]] habemus: * 2008: [[Penthouse]]: Pet of the Month * 2008: [[AVN Award]]: Best New Starlet * 2008: [[AVN Award]]: Best Threeway Sex Scene de pellicula ''Facade'' * 2008: [[FAME Award]]: Favorite Female Rookie * 2008: [[XRCO Award]]: ''Cream Dream'' * 2009: [[AVN Award]]: Best All-Girl Couples Sex Scene de pellicula ''Girl Girl Studio 7''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090327184833/http://avnawards.com/pdf/2009_AVN_NOMINATIONS_11_25_08.pdf Nominations 2009 AVN Adult Movie Awards] {{ling|Anglice}}, AVNAwards.com, 25 Novembris 2008.</ref> * 2009: [[FAME Award]]: Most Underrated Star * 2009: [[XRCO Award]]: ''Cream Dream''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150926074827/http://business.avn.com/articles/XRCO-Names-25th-Annual-Award-Nominees-305162.html XRCO Names 25th Annual Award Nominees] {{ling|Anglice}}, AVN, 26 Februarii 2009.</ref> == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Alexis Love|Alexem Love}} * {{IMDb name|2482469|Alexe Love}} {{Lifetime|1987||Love, Alexis}} [[Categoria:Actores pornographici]] [[Categoria:Actores Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Ostentatores]] ab3lhfoabuhslyi29c3lrsptu8poetl Hese Nemus (commune generale) 0 178887 3981907 3976326 2026-08-18T00:03:23Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Heeseberg (commune generale)]] ad [[Hese Nemus (commune generale)]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3976326 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Heeseberg''' commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|circulo Helmstadiensi]] est. == Historia == Anno [[1974]] commune generale Heeseberg conditum est. Sedes administrationis [[Jerxheim]] est. Anno [[2012]] magister civium se a magistratu recessit. Quod communia, quae ad Heeseberg pertinent, de coniunctione communium in unum agunt, successor non iam electus est. == Communia ad Heeseberg pertinentes == * [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'') (406 incolae) * [[Gevensleben]] (658) * [[Ingeleben]] (407) * [[Jerxheim]], sedes administrationis (1140) * [[Söllingen]] (656) * [[Twieflingen]] (736) ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1974]] 4ae5p8d6n8tzx3p22lsaudgwtjij7y0 3981909 3981907 2026-08-18T00:10:28Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981909 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Hese Nemus'''<ref name="Hese Nemus">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ], ubi dicitur "(...) Bergnamen Heeseberg, vor 1196-1197 (a. 14. Jh.) ''in monte, qui dicitur Hese nemus'' (schneidmüller, Kollegiatstifte s. 307) (...)". Qui mons citatus nomen praesenti communi generali dat.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeseberg'') commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|circulo Helmstadiensi]] est. == Historia == Anno [[1974]] commune generale Hese Nemus conditum est. Sedes administrationis [[Jerxheim]] est. Anno [[2012]] magister civium se a magistratu recessit. Quod communia, quae ad Hese Nemus pertinent, de coniunctione communium in unum agunt, successor non iam electus est. == Communia ad Hese Nemus pertinentes == * [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'') (406 incolae) * [[Gevensleben]] (658) * [[Ingeleben]] (407) * [[Jerxheim]], sedes administrationis (1140) * [[Söllingen]] (656) * [[Twieflingen]] (736) ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1974]] a87bkmbqn8cbd3kcawhk02f9ipgxnlz 3981919 3981909 2026-08-18T00:19:16Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981919 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Hese Nemus'''<ref name="Hese Nemus">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) Bergnamen Heeseberg, vor 1196-1197 (a. 14. Jh.) ''in monte, qui dicitur Hese nemus'' (schneidmüller, Kollegiatstifte s. 307) (...)". Qui mons citatus nomen praesenti communi generali dat.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeseberg'') commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|circulo Helmstadiensi]] est. == Historia == Anno [[1974]] commune generale Hese Nemus conditum est. Sedes administrationis [[Jerxheim]] est. Anno [[2012]] magister civium se a magistratu recessit. Quod communia, quae ad Hese Nemus pertinent, de coniunctione communium in unum agunt, successor non iam electus est. == Communia ad Hese Nemus pertinentes == * [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'') (406 incolae) * [[Gevensleben]] (658) * [[Ingeleben]] (407) * [[Jerxheim]], sedes administrationis (1140) * [[Söllingen]] (656) * [[Twieflingen]] (736) ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1974]] od10h7vqxpkr0rc9jl4ntxm2q795r06 Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale) 0 178888 3981886 3505544 2026-08-17T23:03:36Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981886 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Nord-Elm''' commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|circulo Helmstadiensi]] est. == Historia == Anno [[1974]] commune generale Nord-Elm conditum est. Sedes administrationis [[Süpplingen]] est. == Communia ad Nord-Elm pertinentes == * [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'') (826 incolae) * [[Räbke]] (683) * [[Süpplingen]], sedes administraionis (1739) * [[Süpplingenburg]] (656) * [[Warberg]] (854) * [[Wolsdorf]] (1034) ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1974]] 9ie0akptydjo3pmvnb4i7kjczl3vj0s 3981889 3981886 2026-08-17T23:27:19Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Nord-Elm (commune generale)]] ad [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3981886 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Nord-Elm''' commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|circulo Helmstadiensi]] est. == Historia == Anno [[1974]] commune generale Nord-Elm conditum est. Sedes administrationis [[Süpplingen]] est. == Communia ad Nord-Elm pertinentes == * [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'') (826 incolae) * [[Räbke]] (683) * [[Süpplingen]], sedes administraionis (1739) * [[Süpplingenburg]] (656) * [[Warberg]] (854) * [[Wolsdorf]] (1034) ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1974]] 9ie0akptydjo3pmvnb4i7kjczl3vj0s 3981891 3981889 2026-08-17T23:36:16Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981891 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Iugum Elmense Septentrionale'''<ref name="IES">[https://www.frag-caesar.de/lateinwoerterbuch/iugum-uebersetzung.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Latina vox "iugum" Theodiscam ''Höhenzug''] et Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum 'Nord(-)'' vertit. Latinum autem gentilicium "Elmensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponynum ''Elm'' refertur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nord-Elm'') commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|circulo Helmstadiensi]] est. == Historia == Anno [[1974]] commune generale Iugum Elmense Septentrionale conditum est. Sedes administrationis [[Süpplingen]] est. == Communia ad Iugum Elmense Septentrionale pertinentes == * [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'') (826 incolae) * [[Räbke]] (683) * [[Süpplingen]], sedes administraionis (1739) * [[Süpplingenburg]] (656) * [[Warberg]] (854) * [[Wolsdorf]] (1034) ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1974]] 4sy6evf380it3cmbbmyebv7w31uugf8 3981900 3981891 2026-08-17T23:56:03Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981900 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Iugum Elmense Septentrionale'''<ref name="IES">[https://www.frag-caesar.de/lateinwoerterbuch/iugum-uebersetzung.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Latina vox "iugum" Theodiscam ''Höhenzug''] et Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum ''Nord(-)'' vertit. Latinum autem gentilicium "Elmensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponynum ''Elm'' refertur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nord-Elm'') commune generale [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] in [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|circulo Helmstadiensi]] est. == Historia == Anno [[1974]] commune generale Iugum Elmense Septentrionale conditum est. Sedes administrationis [[Süpplingen]] est. == Communia ad Iugum Elmense Septentrionale pertinentes == * [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'') (826 incolae) * [[Räbke]] (683) * [[Süpplingen]], sedes administraionis (1739) * [[Süpplingenburg]] (656) * [[Warberg]] (854) * [[Wolsdorf]] (1034) ==Notae== <references /> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia generalia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1974]] gu7iiz2c6ge30lmy99z6nrc8sur1yem Beierstedum 0 179048 3981910 3976324 2026-08-18T00:12:01Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981910 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Beierstedt.jpg|thumb|Beierstedum ex aere visum.]] '''Beierstedum'''<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> seu '''Begersteda'''<ref>Böhmer, J. F. (1870). ''Regesta Archiepiscoporum Magdeburgensium: Die Regesten der Erzbischöfe von Magdeburg'' (G. A. von Mülverstedt, Ed.). Baensch.</ref> seu '''Bigersteda'''<ref>Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1858). ''Braunschweiger Urkundenbuch: Abtheilung I. Urkundenbuch der Stadt Braunschweig''. Ramdohr'sche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Beierstedum ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Hese Nemus (commune generale)|Hesis Nemoris]]<ref name="Hese Nemus">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ], ubi dicitur "(...) Bergnamen Heeseberg, vor 1196-1197 (a. 14. Jh.) ''in monte, qui dicitur Hese nemus'' (schneidmüller, Kollegiatstifte s. 307) (...)". Qui mons citatus nomen praesenti communi generali dat.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeseberg''). == Historia == Beierstedum anno [[1146]] primo in actis nomine ''Bergerstede'' descriptum est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [http://www.samtgemeindeheeseberg.de/ Pagina communis generalis Hesis Nemoris] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 12]] pnhpqbowjlwls2kqzvj5d4lsrp58wt9 3981920 3981910 2026-08-18T00:19:43Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981920 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Beierstedt.jpg|thumb|Beierstedum ex aere visum.]] '''Beierstedum'''<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> seu '''Begersteda'''<ref>Böhmer, J. F. (1870). ''Regesta Archiepiscoporum Magdeburgensium: Die Regesten der Erzbischöfe von Magdeburg'' (G. A. von Mülverstedt, Ed.). Baensch.</ref> seu '''Bigersteda'''<ref>Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1858). ''Braunschweiger Urkundenbuch: Abtheilung I. Urkundenbuch der Stadt Braunschweig''. Ramdohr'sche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Beierstedum ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Hese Nemus (commune generale)|Hesis Nemoris]]<ref name="Hese Nemus">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) Bergnamen Heeseberg, vor 1196-1197 (a. 14. Jh.) ''in monte, qui dicitur Hese nemus'' (schneidmüller, Kollegiatstifte s. 307) (...)". Qui mons citatus nomen praesenti communi generali dat.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeseberg''). == Historia == Beierstedum anno [[1146]] primo in actis nomine ''Bergerstede'' descriptum est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [http://www.samtgemeindeheeseberg.de/ Pagina communis generalis Hesis Nemoris] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 12]] 2ccur4vp3ax2j6blbgnzkm72of0hc97 Gevensleben 0 179194 3981911 3505551 2026-08-18T00:13:01Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981911 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Gevensleben''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Gevensleben ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Hese Nemus (commune generale)|Hesis Nemoris]]<ref name="Hese Nemus">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ], ubi dicitur "(...) Bergnamen Heeseberg, vor 1196-1197 (a. 14. Jh.) ''in monte, qui dicitur Hese nemus'' (schneidmüller, Kollegiatstifte s. 307) (...)". Qui mons citatus nomen praesenti communi generali dat.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeseberg''). Ad Gevensleben etiam vicus Watenstedt pertinet. == Historia == Gevensleben saeculo 11 primo in actis nomine ''Bergerstede'' descriptum est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [http://www.samtgemeindeheeseberg.de/ Pagina communis generalis Hesis Nemoris] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 11]] 32obgo9ey3xlg8cket7xo1wj7xk9olx 3981921 3981911 2026-08-18T00:20:11Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981921 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Gevensleben''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Gevensleben ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Hese Nemus (commune generale)|Hesis Nemoris]]<ref name="Hese Nemus">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) Bergnamen Heeseberg, vor 1196-1197 (a. 14. Jh.) ''in monte, qui dicitur Hese nemus'' (schneidmüller, Kollegiatstifte s. 307) (...)". Qui mons citatus nomen praesenti communi generali dat.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeseberg''). Ad Gevensleben etiam vicus Watenstedt pertinet. == Historia == Gevensleben saeculo 11 primo in actis nomine ''Bergerstede'' descriptum est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [http://www.samtgemeindeheeseberg.de/ Pagina communis generalis Hesis Nemoris] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 11]] d3w765qbxoc99zyaov08f51s82qivsx Ingeleben 0 179262 3981912 3769601 2026-08-18T00:13:48Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981912 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[File:Ingeleben Total.jpg|thumb|Panorama Ingeleben]] '''Ingeleben''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Ingeleben ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Hese Nemus (commune generale)|Hesis Nemoris]]<ref name="Hese Nemus">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ], ubi dicitur "(...) Bergnamen Heeseberg, vor 1196-1197 (a. 14. Jh.) ''in monte, qui dicitur Hese nemus'' (schneidmüller, Kollegiatstifte s. 307) (...)". Qui mons citatus nomen praesenti communi generali dat.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeseberg''). == Historia == Ingeleben anno [[1086]] primo in actis descriptum est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [http://www.ingeleben.de Pagina communis Ingeleben] * [http://www.samtgemeindeheeseberg.de/ Pagina communis generalis Hesis Nemoris] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 11]] 5ucrw5gtf35pygydo5zi23hx9z8dgga 3981922 3981912 2026-08-18T00:20:33Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981922 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[File:Ingeleben Total.jpg|thumb|Panorama Ingeleben]] '''Ingeleben''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Ingeleben ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Hese Nemus (commune generale)|Hesis Nemoris]]<ref name="Hese Nemus">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) Bergnamen Heeseberg, vor 1196-1197 (a. 14. Jh.) ''in monte, qui dicitur Hese nemus'' (schneidmüller, Kollegiatstifte s. 307) (...)". Qui mons citatus nomen praesenti communi generali dat.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeseberg''). == Historia == Ingeleben anno [[1086]] primo in actis descriptum est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [http://www.ingeleben.de Pagina communis Ingeleben] * [http://www.samtgemeindeheeseberg.de/ Pagina communis generalis Hesis Nemoris] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 11]] mbucgwjaqm168g4b0l4wxsf9vd49j01 Jerxheim 0 179263 3981913 3505553 2026-08-18T00:15:02Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981913 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Jerxheim''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Ingeleben ab anno [[1974]] sedes administrationis est communis generalis [[Hese Nemus (commune generale)|Hesis Nemoris]]<ref name="Hese Nemus">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ], ubi dicitur "(...) Bergnamen Heeseberg, vor 1196-1197 (a. 14. Jh.) ''in monte, qui dicitur Hese nemus'' (schneidmüller, Kollegiatstifte s. 307) (...)". Qui mons citatus nomen praesenti communi generali dat.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeseberg''). == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Jerxheim (Merian).jpg|thumb|left|Jerxheim anno [[1654]] a [[Matthaeus Merian Senior|Meriano Maiore]] depictum]] Jerxheim anno [[1195]] primo in actis descriptum est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [http://www.samtgemeindeheeseberg.de/ Pagina communis generalis Hesis Nemoris] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 12]] 3hwu572wg2o7uzqfb2hs52a64lra8d6 3981923 3981913 2026-08-18T00:21:13Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981923 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Jerxheim''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Ingeleben ab anno [[1974]] sedes administrationis est communis generalis [[Hese Nemus (commune generale)|Hesis Nemoris]]<ref name="Hese Nemus">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) Bergnamen Heeseberg, vor 1196-1197 (a. 14. Jh.) ''in monte, qui dicitur Hese nemus'' (schneidmüller, Kollegiatstifte s. 307) (...)". Qui mons citatus nomen praesenti communi generali dat.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeseberg''). == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Jerxheim (Merian).jpg|thumb|left|Jerxheim anno [[1654]] a [[Matthaeus Merian Senior|Meriano Maiore]] depictum]] Jerxheim anno [[1195]] primo in actis descriptum est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [http://www.samtgemeindeheeseberg.de/ Pagina communis generalis Hesis Nemoris] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 12]] 6se47fqp6xf9kznhcybdl7az04jhhn8 Söllingen 0 179287 3981914 3505554 2026-08-18T00:15:52Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981914 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Söllingen''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Söllingen ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Hese Nemus (commune generale)|Hesis Nemoris]]<ref name="Hese Nemus">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ], ubi dicitur "(...) Bergnamen Heeseberg, vor 1196-1197 (a. 14. Jh.) ''in monte, qui dicitur Hese nemus'' (schneidmüller, Kollegiatstifte s. 307) (...)". Qui mons citatus nomen praesenti communi generali dat.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeseberg''). == Historia == Söllingen anno [[1090]] nomine '' Solynge'' primo in actis descriptum est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [http://www.samtgemeindeheeseberg.de/ Pagina communis generalis Hesis Nemoris] {{urbs-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Soellingen}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 11]] k40gzhy35s2yo6a4sk4nj2ef1slo2ad 3981924 3981914 2026-08-18T00:21:45Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981924 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Söllingen''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Söllingen ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Hese Nemus (commune generale)|Hesis Nemoris]]<ref name="Hese Nemus">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) Bergnamen Heeseberg, vor 1196-1197 (a. 14. Jh.) ''in monte, qui dicitur Hese nemus'' (schneidmüller, Kollegiatstifte s. 307) (...)". Qui mons citatus nomen praesenti communi generali dat.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeseberg''). == Historia == Söllingen anno [[1090]] nomine '' Solynge'' primo in actis descriptum est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [http://www.samtgemeindeheeseberg.de/ Pagina communis generalis Hesis Nemoris] {{urbs-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Soellingen}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 11]] k5il4gazdek25cwr9748aoldj0bxhfg Twieflingen 0 179288 3981915 3505555 2026-08-18T00:16:44Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981915 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Twieflingen''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Twieflingen ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Hese Nemus (commune generale)|Hesis Nemoris]]<ref name="Hese Nemus">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ], ubi dicitur "(...) Bergnamen Heeseberg, vor 1196-1197 (a. 14. Jh.) ''in monte, qui dicitur Hese nemus'' (schneidmüller, Kollegiatstifte s. 307) (...)". Qui mons citatus nomen praesenti communi generali dat.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeseberg''). Ad Twieflingen etiam vici Wobeck et Dobbeln pertinent. == Historia == Quando Twieflingen conditum sit, ignoramus. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [http://www.samtgemeindeheeseberg.de/ Pagina communis generalis Hesis Nemoris] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 11]] spr3n4bft8v423ztm32xn5v5wrbjuwv 3981925 3981915 2026-08-18T00:22:10Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981925 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Twieflingen''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Twieflingen ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Hese Nemus (commune generale)|Hesis Nemoris]]<ref name="Hese Nemus">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) Bergnamen Heeseberg, vor 1196-1197 (a. 14. Jh.) ''in monte, qui dicitur Hese nemus'' (schneidmüller, Kollegiatstifte s. 307) (...)". Qui mons citatus nomen praesenti communi generali dat.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Heeseberg''). Ad Twieflingen etiam vici Wobeck et Dobbeln pertinent. == Historia == Quando Twieflingen conditum sit, ignoramus. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [http://www.samtgemeindeheeseberg.de/ Pagina communis generalis Hesis Nemoris] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 11]] mz10tak0mivpivr05wg32rbxglhi52i Maius Vrelstede 0 179351 3981882 3505556 2026-08-17T22:59:18Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Frellstedt]] ad [[Maius Vrelstede]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3505556 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Frellstedt''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Frellstedt ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Nord-Elm (commune generale)|Nord-Elm]]. == Historia == Frellstedt anno [[827]] primo in actis descriptum est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [http://www.samtgemeinde-nord-elm.de/ Pagina communis generalis Nord-Elm] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 9]] 70fre8s2z57rld0gk2u1jkozcvoc3x0 3981884 3981882 2026-08-17T23:01:27Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981884 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Maius Vrelstede'''<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Maius Vrelstede ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Nord-Elm (commune generale)|Nord-Elm]]. == Historia == Maius Vrelstede anno [[827]] primo in actis descriptum est. Postea Maius Vrelstede possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Frellstedt|Maius Vrelstede}} * [http://www.samtgemeinde-nord-elm.de/ Pagina communis generalis Nord-Elm] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 9]] d7n14aic8j0ge7o8okxfhhxee203auo 3981885 3981884 2026-08-17T23:02:02Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981885 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Maius Vrelstede'''<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Maius Vrelstede ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Nord-Elm (commune generale)|Nord-Elm]]. == Historia == Maius Vrelstede anno [[827]] primo in actis descriptum est. Postea Maius Vrelstede possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Frellstedt|Maius Vrelstede}} * [http://www.samtgemeinde-nord-elm.de/ Pagina communis generalis Nord-Elm] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 9]] gdpr28i72w92aiztdc1x5370ykrmpqq 3981896 3981885 2026-08-17T23:48:12Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981896 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Maius Vrelstede'''<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Maius Vrelstede ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)|Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis]]<ref name="IES">[https://www.frag-caesar.de/lateinwoerterbuch/iugum-uebersetzung.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Latina vox "iugum" Theodiscam ''Höhenzug''] et Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum 'Nord(-)'' vertit. Latinum autem gentilicium "Elmensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponynum ''Elm'' refertur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nord-Elm''). == Historia == Maius Vrelstede anno [[827]] primo in actis descriptum est. Postea Maius Vrelstede possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Frellstedt|Maius Vrelstede}} * [http://www.samtgemeinde-nord-elm.de/ Pagina communis generalis Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 9]] 1twl3b37xsfb5n67bfi3vnk0t7s1qfs 3981901 3981896 2026-08-17T23:56:39Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981901 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Maius Vrelstede'''<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Maius Vrelstede ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)|Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis]]<ref name="IES">[https://www.frag-caesar.de/lateinwoerterbuch/iugum-uebersetzung.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Latina vox "iugum" Theodiscam ''Höhenzug''] et Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum ''Nord(-)'' vertit. Latinum autem gentilicium "Elmensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponynum ''Elm'' refertur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nord-Elm''). == Historia == Maius Vrelstede anno [[827]] primo in actis descriptum est. Postea Maius Vrelstede possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat|Frellstedt|Maius Vrelstede}} * [http://www.samtgemeinde-nord-elm.de/ Pagina communis generalis Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 9]] rt7kdn2dhlokklu6en8yq08cf1jxved Räbke 0 179352 3981893 3505557 2026-08-17T23:41:24Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981893 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Räbke''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Räbke ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)|Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis]]<ref name="IES">[https://www.frag-caesar.de/lateinwoerterbuch/iugum-uebersetzung.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Latina vox "iugum" Theodiscam ''Höhenzug''] et Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum 'Nord(-)'' vertit. Latinum autem gentilicium "Elmensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponynum ''Elm'' refertur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nord-Elm''). == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Räbke Kirche.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Stephani]] Räbke anno [[1205]] nomine ''Ridepe'' primo in actis descriptum est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [http://www.raebke.de www.raebke.de] * [http://www.samtgemeinde-nord-elm.de/ Pagina communis generalis Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis] {{urbs-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Raepke}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 12]] cqu8ttos1m1yjpq1u9b4qztsekhhl04 3981902 3981893 2026-08-17T23:57:04Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981902 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Räbke''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Räbke ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)|Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis]]<ref name="IES">[https://www.frag-caesar.de/lateinwoerterbuch/iugum-uebersetzung.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Latina vox "iugum" Theodiscam ''Höhenzug''] et Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum ''Nord(-)'' vertit. Latinum autem gentilicium "Elmensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponynum ''Elm'' refertur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nord-Elm''). == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Räbke Kirche.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Stephani]] Räbke anno [[1205]] nomine ''Ridepe'' primo in actis descriptum est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [http://www.raebke.de www.raebke.de] * [http://www.samtgemeinde-nord-elm.de/ Pagina communis generalis Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis] {{urbs-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Raepke}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 12]] ipqi58s27fs9k550ok1oq9029kojhwv Süpplingen 0 179469 3981894 3707816 2026-08-17T23:42:35Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981894 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Süpplingen''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Süpplingen ab anno [[1974]] sedes administrationis est communis generalis [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)|Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis]]<ref name="IES">[https://www.frag-caesar.de/lateinwoerterbuch/iugum-uebersetzung.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Latina vox "iugum" Theodiscam ''Höhenzug''] et Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum 'Nord(-)'' vertit. Latinum autem gentilicium "Elmensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponynum ''Elm'' refertur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nord-Elm''). == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Süpplingen Kirche kath.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Bonifatii]] Süpplingen anno [[888]] nomine ''Sophingi'' primo in actis descriptum est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101122040557/http://www.suepplingen.de/ www.suepplingen.de] * [http://www.samtgemeinde-nord-elm.de/ Pagina communis generalis Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis] {{urbs-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Suepplingen}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 9]] m0ug938yybuahrr8l5oj48253b5fl2n 3981903 3981894 2026-08-17T23:57:45Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981903 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Süpplingen''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Süpplingen ab anno [[1974]] sedes administrationis est communis generalis [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)|Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis]]<ref name="IES">[https://www.frag-caesar.de/lateinwoerterbuch/iugum-uebersetzung.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Latina vox "iugum" Theodiscam ''Höhenzug''] et Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum ''Nord(-)''. Latinum autem gentilicium "Elmensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponynum ''Elm'' refertur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nord-Elm''). == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Süpplingen Kirche kath.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Bonifatii]] Süpplingen anno [[888]] nomine ''Sophingi'' primo in actis descriptum est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101122040557/http://www.suepplingen.de/ www.suepplingen.de] * [http://www.samtgemeinde-nord-elm.de/ Pagina communis generalis Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis] {{urbs-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Suepplingen}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 9]] 6ombk54bd320e0f9sztud5sxewu7bk1 Süpplingenburg 0 179492 3981897 3707817 2026-08-17T23:49:23Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981897 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Süpplingenburg''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Süpplingenburg ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)|Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis]]<ref name="IES">[https://www.frag-caesar.de/lateinwoerterbuch/iugum-uebersetzung.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Latina vox "iugum" Theodiscam ''Höhenzug''] et Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum 'Nord(-)'' vertit. Latinum autem gentilicium "Elmensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponynum ''Elm'' refertur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nord-Elm''). == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Süpplingenburg Merian.png|thumb|left|Ecclesia et castellum Süpplingenburg]] Süpplingenburg saeculo 10 e castello ortum est, quod autem anno [[1875]] deletum est. Castellum ex hereditate ad Gebhardus transiit, patrem [[Lotharius III (imperator)|Lotharii III]] imperatoris, qui "de Süpplingenburg" nominatus est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101122040557/http://www.suepplingen.de/ www.suepplingen.de] {{urbs-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Suepplingenburg}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 10]] 6fqcz6iokv99cv18ev0zfx9wkfrlibk 3981904 3981897 2026-08-17T23:58:09Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981904 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Süpplingenburg''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Süpplingenburg ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)|Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis]]<ref name="IES">[https://www.frag-caesar.de/lateinwoerterbuch/iugum-uebersetzung.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Latina vox "iugum" Theodiscam ''Höhenzug''] et Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum ''Nord(-)'' vertit. Latinum autem gentilicium "Elmensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponynum ''Elm'' refertur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nord-Elm''). == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Süpplingenburg Merian.png|thumb|left|Ecclesia et castellum Süpplingenburg]] Süpplingenburg saeculo 10 e castello ortum est, quod autem anno [[1875]] deletum est. Castellum ex hereditate ad Gebhardus transiit, patrem [[Lotharius III (imperator)|Lotharii III]] imperatoris, qui "de Süpplingenburg" nominatus est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101122040557/http://www.suepplingen.de/ www.suepplingen.de] {{urbs-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Suepplingenburg}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 10]] qhvhrmxifpdpwe0a98hlvaqi5rox07u Warberg 0 179494 3981895 3709592 2026-08-17T23:45:00Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981895 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Warberg''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Warberg ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)|Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis]]<ref name="IES">[https://www.frag-caesar.de/lateinwoerterbuch/iugum-uebersetzung.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Latina vox "iugum" Theodiscam ''Höhenzug''] et Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum 'Nord(-)'' vertit. Latinum autem gentilicium "Elmensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponynum ''Elm'' refertur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nord-Elm''). == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Kirche St. Georg, Warberg - geo-en.hlipp.de - 13636.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Georgii]] Warberg anno [[1202]] nomine ''Wereberg'' vel ''Werberghe'' primo in actis descriptum est. Nomen cepit a castello fossa circumdatum eo tempore aedificatum. Barones de Warberg hic regebant. Circa annum 1650 possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140106052041/http://warberg.de/ www.warberg.de] * [http://www.samtgemeinde-nord-elm.de/ Pagina communis generalis Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 12]] iplp1x3v015ompvydx5a8d2qy3wmuz1 3981905 3981895 2026-08-17T23:58:38Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981905 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Warberg''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Warberg ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)|Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis]]<ref name="IES">[https://www.frag-caesar.de/lateinwoerterbuch/iugum-uebersetzung.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Latina vox "iugum" Theodiscam ''Höhenzug''] et Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum ''Nord(-)'' vertit. Latinum autem gentilicium "Elmensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponynum ''Elm'' refertur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nord-Elm''). == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Kirche St. Georg, Warberg - geo-en.hlipp.de - 13636.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Georgii]] Warberg anno [[1202]] nomine ''Wereberg'' vel ''Werberghe'' primo in actis descriptum est. Nomen cepit a castello fossa circumdatum eo tempore aedificatum. Barones de Warberg hic regebant. Circa annum 1650 possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140106052041/http://warberg.de/ www.warberg.de] * [http://www.samtgemeinde-nord-elm.de/ Pagina communis generalis Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 12]] 303y3clz3abmd0bizwviau74ndzx5ek Wolsdorf 0 179527 3981892 3505561 2026-08-17T23:39:55Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981892 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Wolsdorf''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Wolsdorf ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)|Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis]]<ref name="IES">[https://www.frag-caesar.de/lateinwoerterbuch/iugum-uebersetzung.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Latina vox "iugum" Theodiscam ''Höhenzug''] et Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum 'Nord(-)'' vertit. Latinum autem gentilicium "Elmensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponynum ''Elm'' refertur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nord-Elm''). == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Wolsdorf Kirche St. Joseph.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Iosephi anno 1914 aedificatum]] Wolsdorf anno [[1182]] primo in actis descriptum est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [http://www.samtgemeinde-nord-elm.de/ Pagina communis generalis Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis]] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 12]] glgwfswfnxmxa2xv1q4cjeunapgr52v 3981906 3981892 2026-08-17T23:59:05Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981906 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Wolsdorf''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et ad [[Circulus Helmstadiensis|Circulum Helmstadiensem]] pertinet. Wolsdorf ab anno [[1974]] pars est communis generalis [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)|Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis]]<ref name="IES">[https://www.frag-caesar.de/lateinwoerterbuch/iugum-uebersetzung.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com Latina vox "iugum" Theodiscam ''Höhenzug''] et Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum ''Nord(-)'' vertit. Latinum autem gentilicium "Elmensis-e" ad Theodiscum toponynum ''Elm'' refertur.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nord-Elm''). == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Wolsdorf Kirche St. Joseph.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Iosephi anno 1914 aedificatum]] Wolsdorf anno [[1182]] primo in actis descriptum est. Postea possessio [[Guelfi|Guelphorum]] factum est. Annis [[1807]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Ducatus Brunsvici|Ducatum Brunsvici]], ab anno [[1918]] ad [[Res Publica Brunsvicum|Rem Publicam Brunsvicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{Commonscat}} * [http://www.samtgemeinde-nord-elm.de/ Pagina communis generalis Iugi Elmensis Septentrionalis]] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 12]] 1tnzpf1wzsi6nxfsqmumb2avwip2cb5 Chançay 0 188310 3981972 3430768 2026-08-18T04:15:17Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981972 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Chan%C3%A7ay_-_Lavoir_%282010%29.jpg|thumb|200px|Chançay: [[lavatorium]]]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 37052.png|left|thumb|300px| Chançay: communis tabula]] ''' Chançay ''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 1'066 incolarum (anno [[2008]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Andra et Liger|Andrae et Ligeris]] in provincia [[Centrum (regio Franciae)|media]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Andrae et Ligeris|Indicem communium praefecturae Andrae et Ligeris]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Chançay |Chançay }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160607224641/http://www.chancay.fr/ Chançay pagina interretialis] * {{INSEE commune|37052|de=Chançay}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Ingeris et Ligeris]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Ingeris et Ligeris]] lnd5188zk4c0w80rl7uv8wqc5vl0o11 Eimke 0 188890 3981867 3981174 2026-08-17T21:35:52Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981867 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Eimke''' ([[Theodisce]] ''Eimke''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimk'') commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circuli Ulsenensis]] est. Ad Eimke et vici [[Dreilinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Dreilingen'') cum [[Niebiki]]s<ref name="-biki">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-beck'' seu ''-beek'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-biki-orum", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Aesebiki]], [[Asbiki]], [[Beverbiki]], [[Gledabiki]], [[Goltbiki]], [[Sannanabiki]], [[Trobiki]], [[Walbeka|Walbiki]], [[Winesbiki]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Niebeck''), [[Eimke (vicus)|Eimke]] (Theodisce ''Eimke'') atque [[Wichtenbeke]]<ref name="Wic">Wichtenbeck.de. (s. d.). ''Historie: Die Entstehung des Ortsnamens Wichtenbeck''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Wichtenbeck''), [[Ellerndorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Ellerndorf''), [[Eimke (vicus)|Eimke]] (Theodisce ''Eimke'') atque [[Wichtenbeke]]<ref name="Wic">Wichtenbeck.de. (s. d.). ''Historie: Die Entstehung des Ortsnamens Wichtenbeck''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Wichtenbeck'') pertinent. Ab anno [[1972]] Eimke ad [[Suderburg (commune generale)|Suderburg]] commune generale pertinet. == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Eimke - Flohmarkt.jpg|thumb|left|Mercatum in vico Eimki.]] Anno [[1148]] Eimke primo in actis descriptum est. Fuit postea pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]]. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis [[1810]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] Eimke pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Anno 1972 vici [[Dreilinga]]<ref name="-inga"/> (Theodisce ''Dreilingen''), [[Ellerndorfium]]<ref name="-dorf"/> (Theodisce ''Ellerndorf'') atque [[Wichtenbeke]]<ref name="Wic"/> (Theodisce ''Wichtenbeck'') cum Eimki coniuncti sunt. Anno eodem Eimke etiam pars communis generalis Suderburg factum est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat}} * [http://www.eimke.de/start_eimke.htm www.eimke.de] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130630095357/http://www.suderburg.de/verwaltung/eimke.htm Pagina communis generalis Suderburg de Eimki scripta] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 12]] 4wl79of8q5p07865ojxk2u6vtrrr1tz 3981869 3981867 2026-08-17T21:38:10Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981869 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} '''Eimke''' ([[Theodisce]] ''Eimke''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimk'') commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circuli Ulsenensis]] est. Ad Eimke et vici [[Dreilinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Dreilingen'') cum [[Niebiki]]s<ref name="-biki">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-beck'' seu ''-beek'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-biki-orum", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Aesebiki]], [[Asbiki]], [[Beverbiki]], [[Gledabiki]], [[Goltbiki]], [[Sannanabiki]], [[Trobiki]], [[Walbeka|Walbiki]], [[Winesbiki]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Niebeck''), [[Eimke (vicus)|Eimke]] (Theodisce ''Eimke'') atque [[Wichtenbeke]]<ref name="Wic">Wichtenbeck.de. (s. d.). ''Historie: Die Entstehung des Ortsnamens Wichtenbeck''.</ref> (Theodisce ''Wichtenbeck'') pertinent. Ab anno [[1972]] Eimke ad [[Suderburg (commune generale)|Suderburg]] commune generale pertinet. == Historia == [[Fasciculus:Eimke - Flohmarkt.jpg|thumb|left|Mercatum in vico Eimki.]] Anno [[1148]] Eimke primo in actis descriptum est. Fuit postea pars [[Ducatus Luneburgensis]]. Anno [[1705]] ad Ducatum Electoralem Brunsvicum-Luneburgensem transiit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Annis [[1810]] - [[1813]] pars [[Regnum Westphaliae|Regni Westphaliae]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Ab anno [[1946]] Eimke pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Anno 1972 vici [[Dreilinga]]<ref name="-inga"/> (Theodisce ''Dreilingen''), [[Ellerndorfium]]<ref name="-dorf"/> (Theodisce ''Ellerndorf'') atque [[Wichtenbeke]]<ref name="Wic"/> (Theodisce ''Wichtenbeck'') cum Eimki coniuncti sunt. Anno eodem Eimke etiam pars communis generalis Suderburg factum est. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat}} * [http://www.eimke.de/start_eimke.htm www.eimke.de] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130630095357/http://www.suderburg.de/verwaltung/eimke.htm Pagina communis generalis Suderburg de Eimki scripta] {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 12]] atmqxnulmusvexjlrd7f6ji094szmpq Cluis 0 191368 3981980 3430515 2026-08-18T06:19:02Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981980 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Cluis-Dessus_Manoir-mairie.JPG|thumb|250px|Cluis: vici conciliabulum]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 36056.png|left|thumb|250px|Cluis: communis tabula]] ''' Cluis ''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 1'020 incolarum (anno [[2010]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Andra (praefectura Franciae)|Andrae]] in regione [[Centrum (regio Franciae)|Media]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Andrae|Indicem communium praefecturae Andrae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat| Cluis |Cluis }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220130145436/https://cluis.fr/ Cluis pagina interretialis] * {{INSEE commune|36056|de=Cluis}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Ingeris]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Ingeris]] 1yjhx3n113qdvexhjyq4cb2bv3uhlbw Digenes Acrites 0 194085 3982004 3715246 2026-08-18T10:47:34Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982004 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Digenis Akritas Athens.jpg|thumb|Initium libri V carminis Digenis Acritae. Liber manu scriptus in insula [[Andros|Andro]] repertus ([[Bibliotheca Nationalis Graeca]] ms. 1074)]] [[Fasciculus:3335 - Athens - Stoà of Attalus Museum - Byzantine plate - Photo by Giovanni Dall'Orto, Nov 9 2009.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|[[Basilius Digenes Acrites]] cum dracone pugnat: [[catillus]] saeculi fere XII ([[Museum Agorae Atheniensis]])]] '''''Digenes Acrites''''', litteris Graecis '''{{Polytonic|Διγενὴς Ἀκρίτης}}''', est [[poësis epica|carmen epicum]] [[Graece|Graecum]] mediaevale, primum fortasse saeculo XI cantitatum, recensionibus variis servatum. Exstat recensio [[Slavonice]] composita, titulo ''[[Devgenievo dejanie]]''. Heros narrationis, nomine pleno [[Basilius Digenes Acrites]], ad limites [[Imperium Romanum Orientale|imperii Byzantini]] et dominii [[Saraceni|Saracenorum]] militat. == Bibliographia == ; Editiones et versiones * Stylianos Alexiou, ed., ''Βασίλειος Διγενής Ακρίτης και το άσμα του Αρμούρη''. Athenis: Hermes, 1985 {{Ling|Graece}} * D. C. Hesseling, ed., "Le roman de Digenis Akritas d'après le manuscrit de Madrid" in ''Λαογραφία'' vol. 3 (1912) pp. 535-604 {{Ling|Graece}} [http://archive.org/stream/laographia03hell#page/536/mode/2up Textus apud archive.org] * Elizabeth Jeffreys, ed. et interpr., ''Digenis Akritis''. Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press, 1998. ISBN 0-521-39472-4 {{Ling|Graece|Anglice}} * Corinne Jouanno, interpr., ''Digénis Akritas, le héros des frontières. Une épopée byzantine''. Tornaci: Brepols, 1998 {{Ling|Francogallice}} * Petros Kalonaros, ed., ''Βασίλειος Διγενής Ακρίτας''. Athenis: Dimitrakou, 1941 {{Ling|Graece}} * J. Mavrogordato, ed. et interpr., ''Digenes Akrites''. Oxonii, 1956 {{Ling|Graece|Anglice}} [http://rbedrosian.com/Byz/Digenes_Akrites_Greek_English.pdf Textus] * Αντώνιος Μηλιαράκης, ed., ''Βασίλειος Διγενής Ακρίτας: Εποποιΐα βυζαντινή της 10ης εκατονταετηρίδος κατά το εν Άνδρω ανευρεθέν χειρόγραφον''. Athenis, 1881 {{Ling|Graece}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20160305014122/http://anemi.lib.uoc.gr/metadata/3/0/f/metadata-312-0000085.tkl Textus] * Paolo Odorico, interpr., ''L’Akrite. L’épopée byzantine de Digénis Akritas''. Tolosae: Anacharsis, 2002 {{Ling|Francogallice}} * Erich Trapp, ed., ''Digenes Akrites. Synoptische Ausgabe der ältesten Versionen''. Vindobonae, 1971. ISBN 3205031571 {{Ling|Graece}} * Georg Wartenberg, interpr., ''Digenis Akritis. Das Epos des griechischen Mittelalters oder der unsterbliche Homer, in deutsche Reime übertragen''. Athenis: Verlag der Byzantinisch-neugriechischen Jahrbücher, 1936 {{Ling|Theodisce}} ; Philologica et critica * Hrach Bartikyan, "Замeтки o Византийскoм эпoce o Дигeнce Aкpитe" in ''Византийский временник'' vol. 25 (1964) * Roderick Beaton, David Ricks, edd., ''Digenes Akrites: New Approaches to Byzantine Heroic Poetry''. Aldershot: Variorum, 1993. ISBN 0-86078-395-2 * R. Beaton, J. Kelly, T. Lendari, ''Concordance to Digenes Akrites, Version E''. Heraclei Cretae, 1995 * Hans-Georg Beck, ''Geschichte der byzantinischen Volksliteratur'' (Monaci: Beck, 1971) pp. 63–97 {{Google Books|3t4eWBDyFiwC|Paginae selectae}} * B. Fenik, ''Digenis: epic and popular style in the Escorial version''. Heraclei Cretae, 1991 * H. Grégoire, ''Autour de l'épopée byzantine''. Londinii, 1975 * Μ. Herzfeld, "Social borderers: themes of conflict and ambiguity in Greek folksongs" in ''Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies'' vol. 6 (1980) pp. 61-80 * E. Jeffreys, M. Jeffreys, "The oral background of Byzantine popular poetry" in ''Oral tradition'' vol. 1 (1986) pp. 504-547 * M. Jeffreys, "Digenis Akritas manuscript Z" in ''Δωδώνη'' vol. 4 (1975) pp. 163-201 * Christopher Livanos, "[http://journal.oraltradition.org/files/articles/26i/05_26.1.pdf A Case Study in Byzantine Dragon-Slaying: Digenes and the Serpent]" in ''Oral Tradition'' vol. 26 (2011) pp. 125-144 * N. Oikonomides, "L'‘épopée’ de Digénis et la frontière orientale de Byzance aux Xe et XIe siècles" in ''Travaux et Mémoires'' vol. 7 (1979) pp. 375–97 * G. M. Sifakis, "[http://triceratops.brynmawr.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/10066/5787/Sifakis_27_1-2.pdf;jsessionid=4EE4F24BDA54DD778C4D15032F0B0CFF?sequence=1 Looking for the Tracks of Oral Tradition in Medieval and Early Modern Greek Poetic Works]{{Nexus deficitur|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}" in ''Journal of the Hellenic Diaspora'' vol. 27 (2001) pp. 61-86 * Α. Ξυγγόπουλου, "[http://media.ems.gr/ekdoseis/ellinika/Ellinika_20_1/ekd_peel_20_1_Xigopoulos.pdf Ο τάφος του Διγενή]" in ''Ελληνικά'' vol. 20 (1967) pp. 24-28 ; Aliae encyclopaediae * Elizabeth M. Jeffreys, Michael J. Jeffreys, "[http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195046526.001.0001/acref-9780195046526-e-1461 Digenis Akritas]" in {{ODB}} {{NexInt}} * ''[[Cantilena Armuris]]'' * ''[[Filius Andronici]]'' * [[Acritae]] {{Lit-stipula}} [[Categoria:Carmina epica]] [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 11]] [[Categoria:Litterae Graecae mediaevales]] [[Categoria:Digenes Acrites]] knspsy8owikkpgvi492hq2zfo2mu0we Nicomachus (mathematicus) 0 197403 3981814 3257222 2026-08-17T18:11:46Z LilyKitty 18316 de eponymo 3981814 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Videhom|Nicomachus (scriptor ficticius)}} '''Nicomachus''' (Graece Νικόμαχος, natus c. [[60]]; mortuus [[120]]) fuit [[mathematicus]] maximi momenti [[antiquitas|antiquitatis classicae]], qui imprimis operibus ''[[Introductio Arithmetica|Introductione Arithmetica]]'' (''Arithmetike eisagoge'') et ''[[Libellum Harmoniarum|Libello Harmoniarum]]'' [[lingua Graeca|Graece]] conscripta innotuit. Natus est [[Gerasa]]e in [[Syria (provincia Romana)|Syriae]] [[provincia]] [[Imperium Romanum|Romana]] (hodie [[Ierash]] [[Iordania]]e). Doctrinae [[Aristoteles|Aristotelis]] sectator fuit atque [[Neopythagoreanismus|Neopythagoreanismi]] cum libro de proprietatibus [[numerus|numerorum]] composuit. Asteroides [[8128 Nicomachus]] in eius honorem nominatus fuit. == Vita == Pauca de vita Nicomachi nobis tradita sunt praeter eum [[Gerasa]]e natum atque [[Pythagoreanismus|Pythagoreanismi]] sectatorum fuisse, quod propter consuetudinem eius numeris potestatem mysthicam attribuendi suspicatur. Aetas ferme qua vixit (c. 100 p.C.n.) existimari potest cum [[Thrasyllus|Thrasylli]] in libro suo ''Libellum Harmonicarum'' mentionem fecit atque cum opus suum ''Introductio ad Arithmeticam'' videlicet medio 2. saeculo ab [[Apuleius|Apuleio]] Latine versum est. ''Libellum Harmonicarum'' matronae nobili loco natae dicatum esse apparet cui illa rogante opus dedicavit. Etiam se profundum opus confecturum in animo habere neque sibi satis otii esse itinerum saepe faciendorum causa professus est. == Opera == === Introductio Arithmetica === ''[[Introductio Arithmetica]]'' (Graece Ἀριθμητικὴ εἰσαγωγή) est minus opus de arithmetica suum. Nicomachus cum esset Neopythagoreanus proprietatibus mysthicis magis quam mathematicis inveniendis operam dedit. Ex opere suo scimus illum inter numerum divinum, i.e. quidam numerus immaterialis atque fictus, et numeros res materiales dimetientes, quos numeros scientificos distinguisse. Certos numeros, imprimis [[Numerus primus|Numeros primos]] et [[mumerus perfectus|perfectos numeros]] tractavit, immo argumentus est [[arithmetica]]e primum locum ante ([[musica]]m, [[geometria]]m atque [[astronomia]]m tribuendum esse). [[Boethius|Boethii]] opus ''De institutione arithmetica'' magna ex parte ex operis eius sumptum est. === Libellum Harmonicarum === ''[[Libellum Harmonicarum]]'' (Graece Ἐγχειρίδιον ἁρμονικῆς) est primum opus [[Theoria musicae|theoriam musicae]] tractans ex temporibus [[Aristoxenus|Aristoxeni]] atque [[Euclides|Euclidis]]. Antiquissimam relationem adhuc exstantem inventionis Pythagorae tabernam cuiusdam fabri exituri, i.e. ascensum sonorum per rationem numerorum determinatum esse, continet. Nicomachus praeterea primus de nexu musicae atque ordo universii utens"[[Musica universalis|Musica universali]]" narravit. In disputationibus suis etiam [[Instrumentum musicum|instrumenta musica]] aetatis suae descripsit. === Opera deperdita === *''Ars Arithmeticae'' (Graece Τέχνη ἀριθμητική), opus maius arithmeticae dicatum, cuius [[Photius I (patriarcha Constantinopolitanus)|Photius]] mentionem fecit. *''Introductio ad Geometriam'', memorata a Nicomacho in aliis scriptis suis. *''Theologia Arithmeticae'' (Graece Θεολογούμενα ἀριθμητικῆς), de potestate mythica numerorum. *''Vita Pythagorae'', inter maximos fontes a [[Porphyrius Tyrius|Porphyrio]] atque [[Iamblichus|Iamblicho]] adhibitos in ''Vita'' Pythagorae componienda. *Collectio ''dogmatum'' Pythagoreanorum, cuius [[Iamblichus]] commemoravit. *''De caeremoniis Aegyptiis'' (Graece Περὶ ἑορτῶν Αἰγυπτίων), cuius mentionem fecit [[Athenaeus]], sed Nichomachum auctorem eius esse dubium est. [[Categoria:Philosophi Graeci]] [[Categoria:Mathematici]] [[Categoria:Nati saeculo 1]] [[Categoria:Mortui 120]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Syropalaestinae Graecoromanae]] [[Categoria:Auctores Graeci antiqui]] eaa6i9frdbenxqb8492f6p5rbievvh8 3981872 3981814 2026-08-17T22:00:32Z LilyKitty 18316 de numero perfecto et pyramidali 3981872 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Videhom|Nicomachus (scriptor ficticius)}} '''Nicomachus''' (Graece Νικόμαχος, natus c. [[60]]; mortuus [[120]]) fuit [[mathematicus]] maximi momenti [[antiquitas|antiquitatis classicae]], qui imprimis operibus ''[[Introductio Arithmetica|Introductione Arithmetica]]'' (''Arithmetike eisagoge'') et ''[[Libellum Harmoniarum|Libello Harmoniarum]]'' [[lingua Graeca|Graece]] conscripta innotuit. Natus est [[Gerasa]]e in [[Syria (provincia Romana)|Syriae]] [[provincia]] [[Imperium Romanum|Romana]] (hodie [[Ierash]] [[Iordania]]e). Doctrinae [[Aristoteles|Aristotelis]] sectator fuit atque [[Neopythagoreanismus|Neopythagoreanismi]] cum libro de proprietatibus [[numerus|numerorum]] composuit. Asteroides [[8128 Nicomachus]] in eius honorem nominatus fuit. == Vita == Pauca de vita Nicomachi nobis tradita sunt praeter eum [[Gerasa]]e natum atque [[Pythagoras|Pythagoreanismi]] sectatorum fuisse, quod propter consuetudinem eius numeris potestatem mysthicam attribuendi suspicatur. Aetas ferme qua vixit (c. 100 p.C.n.) existimari potest cum [[Thrasyllus|Thrasylli]] in libro suo ''Libellum Harmonicarum'' mentionem fecit atque cum opus suum ''Introductio ad Arithmeticam'' videlicet medio 2. saeculo ab [[Apuleius|Apuleio]] Latine versum est. ''Libellum Harmonicarum'' matronae nobili loco natae dicatum esse apparet cui illa rogante opus dedicavit. Etiam se profundum opus confecturum in animo habere neque sibi satis otii esse itinerum saepe faciendorum causa professus est. == Opera == === Introductio Arithmetica === ''[[Introductio Arithmetica]]'' (Graece Ἀριθμητικὴ εἰσαγωγή) est minus opus de arithmetica suum. Nicomachus cum esset Neopythagoreanus proprietatibus mysthicis magis quam mathematicis inveniendis operam dedit. Ex opere suo scimus illum inter numerum divinum, i.e. quidam numerus immaterialis atque fictus, et numeros res materiales dimetientes, quos numeros scientificos distinguisse. Certos numeros, imprimis [[Numerus primus|Numeros primos]], [[numerus pyramidalis|numeros pyramidales]] et [[numerus perfectus|perfectos numeros]] tractavit, immo argumentus est [[arithmetica]]e primum locum ante ([[musica]]m, [[geometria]]m atque [[astronomia]]m tribuendum esse). [[Boethius|Boethii]] opus ''De institutione arithmetica'' magna ex parte ex operis eius sumptum est. === Libellum Harmonicarum === ''[[Libellum Harmonicarum]]'' (Graece Ἐγχειρίδιον ἁρμονικῆς) est primum opus [[Theoria musicae|theoriam musicae]] tractans ex temporibus [[Aristoxenus|Aristoxeni]] atque [[Euclides|Euclidis]]. Antiquissimam relationem adhuc exstantem inventionis Pythagorae tabernam cuiusdam fabri exituri, i.e. ascensum sonorum per rationem numerorum determinatum esse, continet. Nicomachus praeterea primus de nexu musicae atque ordo universii utens"[[Musica universalis|Musica universali]]" narravit. In disputationibus suis etiam [[Instrumentum musicum|instrumenta musica]] aetatis suae descripsit. === Opera deperdita === *''Ars Arithmeticae'' (Graece Τέχνη ἀριθμητική), opus maius arithmeticae dicatum, cuius [[Photius I (patriarcha Constantinopolitanus)|Photius]] mentionem fecit. *''Introductio ad Geometriam'', memorata a Nicomacho in aliis scriptis suis. *''Theologia Arithmeticae'' (Graece Θεολογούμενα ἀριθμητικῆς), de potestate mythica numerorum. *''Vita Pythagorae'', inter maximos fontes a [[Porphyrius Tyrius|Porphyrio]] atque [[Iamblichus|Iamblicho]] adhibitos in ''Vita'' Pythagorae componienda. *Collectio ''dogmatum'' Pythagoreanorum, cuius [[Iamblichus]] commemoravit. *''De caeremoniis Aegyptiis'' (Graece Περὶ ἑορτῶν Αἰγυπτίων), cuius mentionem fecit [[Athenaeus]], sed Nichomachum auctorem eius esse dubium est. [[Categoria:Philosophi Graeci]] [[Categoria:Mathematici]] [[Categoria:Nati saeculo 1]] [[Categoria:Mortui 120]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Syropalaestinae Graecoromanae]] [[Categoria:Auctores Graeci antiqui]] dly87n3m6ncih9nb22w6cxhc6b6maxa Gradisca (Bosnia et Herzegovina) 0 206119 3981792 3981762 2026-08-17T12:26:20Z IacobusAmor 1163 3981792 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Gradisca (discretiva)}} {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Gradiška.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Despectus in Gradiscam.]] '''Gradisca'''<ref name="graesse">{{Graesse}}}</ref> {{victio|Gradisca|ae|f}} vel '''Gradisca Bosnica''' (alia nomina<ref name="graesse" />: ''Gradisca'', ''Gradischia'', ''Gratiana''; deinde '' Gradisca Turcica''; olim ''Servitium'', ''Serbetium'') ([[Bosnice]] ''Bosanska Gradiška''; [[Serbice]] ''Градишка'') est [[urbs]] et [[Municipia Bosniae et Herzegovinae|municipium]] [[Bosnia et Herzegovina|Bosniae et Herzegovinae]], in [[Bania Luca (regio)|Regione Baniae Lucae]] [[Res publica Serbica|Rei publicae Serbicae]] insita. Incolunt municipium 56&thinsp;727 (ab anno [[2013]]). Incolae Gratianenses appellantur. {{NexInt}} * [[Bosnia]] * [[Gradisca Nova]] * [[Gradisca Vetus]] == Notae == <references/> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Gradiška|Gradiscam}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200927072426/http://www.opstina-gradiska.com/ Pagina municipii proprius.] {{Fontes geographici}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:BiH municipality location Gradiška.svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Bosnia et Herzegovina et in Re publica Serbica. </gallery> {{urbs-stipula}} [[Categoria:Bania Luca (regio)]] [[Categoria:Municipia Bosniae et Herzegovinae]] [[Categoria:Urbes Bosniae et Herzegovinae]] 3re9alcwaugjk609o3y8z5rsgnawu8a Castanopolis (Bosnia et Herzegovina) 0 206576 3981795 3981764 2026-08-17T12:35:15Z IacobusAmor 1163 ~ 3981795 wikitext text/x-wiki {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Castanopolis (discretiva)}} {{pro pagina discretiva vide|Castanovicium (discretiva)}} {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Kostajnica1.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8||Despectus in Castanopolim Bosnicam.]] '''Castanopolis'''<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=Bjc_AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA224&lpg=PA224&dq=Castanopolis+Castanovicium&source=bl&ots=_G6sXZkIi1&sig=Py2jJLTJ-8bJc53yU4P2s6shROE&hl=it&sa=X&ei=eVDeUpXLCYmv7Ab00YCYDg&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Castanopolis%20Castanovicium&f=false Topographia Magni Regni Hungariae, Sive Nobilissimae eius Ditionis, quam modo Hungariam dicimus: cum annexis Dalmatiae, Croatiae, Sclavoniae, Serviae, & Bulgariae &c. Regnis; Tum etiam Transylvaniae, Valachiae, Moldaviae, Provinciis. Gloriosißimo, & vere Augusto eiusdem Assertori, Belli, Pacisque Arbitro Carolo VI. Romanorum Imperatori, Catholico, Apostolicoque Regi, &c. &c. Inscripta (Google eBook)]</ref> {{victio|Castanopolis|is|f}} seu '''Castanovicium'''<ref>[http://books.google.it/books?id=Bjc_AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA224&lpg=PA224&dq=Castanopolis+Castanovicium&source=bl&ots=_G6sXZkIi1&sig=Py2jJLTJ-8bJc53yU4P2s6shROE&hl=it&sa=X&ei=eVDeUpXLCYmv7Ab00YCYDg&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Castanopolis%20Castanovicium&f=false Topographia Magni Regni Hungariae, Sive Nobilissimae eius Ditionis, quam modo Hungariam dicimus: cum annexis Dalmatiae, Croatiae, Sclavoniae, Serviae, & Bulgariae &c. Regnis; Tum etiam Transylvaniae, Valachiae, Moldaviae, Provinciis. Gloriosißimo, & vere Augusto eiusdem Assertori, Belli, Pacisque Arbitro Carolo VI. Romanorum Imperatori, Catholico, Apostolicoque Regi, &c. &c. Inscripta (Google eBook)]</ref> {{victio|Castanovicium|ii|n}} (deinde: ''Castanopolis Bosnica'', ''Castanovicium Bosnicum'') ([[Bosnice]] ''[[:bs:Bosanska Kostajnica|Bosanska Kostajnica]]''; [[Serbice]] ''[[:sr:Општина Костајница|Општина Костајница]]'') est [[oppidum]] et [[Municipia Bosniae et Herzegovinae|municipium]] [[Bosnia et Herzegovina|Bosniae et Herzegovinae]], in [[Bania Luca (regio)|Bania Luca]], regione [[Res publica Serbica|Rei publicae Serbicae]] situm. Incolunt municipium 7&thinsp;874 (ab anno [[2003]]). Incolae Castanopolitani seu Castanovicienses appellantur. Considerandum est, quod nomina municipii et oppidi Castanapolis trahit originem ex antiquo Slavico verbo ''kostan'' 'castanea'. == Notae == <references/> {{NexInt}} * [[Bosnia]] * [[Castanopolis (Croatia)|Castanopolis]] seu [[Castanovicium (Croatia)|Castanovicium]] (deinde [[Castanopolis Croatica]], [[Castanovicium Croaticum]]) == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Kostajnica Municipality|Castanopolim}} * [http://www.opstina-kostajnica.com/ Situs Publicus] {{Ling|Croatice}} {{Fontes geographici}} == Pinacotheca == <gallery> Imago:BiH municipality location Kostajnica.svg|Collocatio finium municipii in Bosnia et Herzegovina et in Re publica Serbica. </gallery> [[Categoria:Bania Luca (regio)]] [[Categoria:Municipia Bosniae et Herzegovinae]] n1gf8aamg8zc6hr796hbajr05x181io Index urbium, oppidorum et communium Saxoniae Inferioris 0 216135 3981790 3981717 2026-08-17T12:13:27Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981790 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in Lower Saxony.svg|thumb|500px|Urbes et communia Saxoniae Inferioris.]] '''Index urbium, oppidorum et communium in [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxonia Inferiore]]''' omnia [[commune|communia]] (Theodisce ''Gemeinden''), consociationes communium (Theodisce ''Gemeindeverbände'') atque loca nulli communium adscripta (Theodisce ''gemeindefreien Gebiete''), quae hodie in [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terra]] [[Germania|Germanica]] [[Saxonia Inferior]]e exstant, complectitur. Postremae mutationes finium territorialium in Saxonia Inferiore [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2021]] effectae sunt. Ex eo tempore [[Saxonia Inferior]] 939 communium et 25 loca nulli communi adscripta (quorum duo habitantur) habet. Quibus e communibus 159 titulo [[urbs|urbis]] (Theodisce ''Stadt'') et 49 titulo [[oppidum|oppidi]] (Theodisce ''Flecken'') utuntur. Praeterea nonnullae proprietates exstant secundum communium administrationem: Nam 939 communia in 289 communia unitaria et 650 communia membra dividuntur; quae vero in universum 114 consociationes communium constituunt, ut munera communiter administrent. Hae consociationes communium ipsa communia non sunt, sed foedera cooperationis, quae aut ex regione aut ex communitate in qua sedes administrationis sita est nomen accipiunt. Quapropter in Saxonia Inferiore idem nomen tam communi quam consociationi communium tribui potest. Agitur tamen de duobus corporibus iuridicis distinctis, quae proprias repraesentationes atque propria munera habent. Praeterea, propter magnitudinem suam, nonnullae communium et consociationes communium peculiarem rationem cum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo terrae]] (Theodisce ''Landkreis'') habent: * Decem urbes statum iuridicum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli urbani]] (Theodisce ''kreisfreien Stadt'') obtinent, nulli circulo terrae subiiciuntur atque omnia sua munera exercent. * Septem urbes statum iuridicum urbis magnae sui iuris (Theodisce ''Große selbständige Stadt'') obtinent atque multa, sed non omnia, munera circuli terrae cui adscribuntur exercent. * 61 communium et tria communia generalia (Theodisce ''Samtgemeinden'') statum iuridicum communis sui iuris (Theodisce ''Selbständige Gemeinde'') obtinent atque quaedam munera districtus cui adscribuntur exercent. * 861 ceterae communium nullam peculiarem rationem cum circulo terrae cui adscribuntur habent. === A === {{div col|3}} * [[Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Obbens'')</small> * [[Acheimum]]<ref name="Grote III 1877">Grote, H. (1877). ''Münzstudien: Geschichte der älteren Münzen und Urkunden des Bisthums Verden'' (Vol. VIII). Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Achim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Achem'')</small> * [[Achestedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Axstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ax'')</small> * [[Adelebsenum]]<ref name="Funck 1736">Funck, J. N. (1736). ''Disputatio Academica de Voluntaria Morte Judaeorum et Gentilium sub Praesidio S. R. I. Libero Baroni de Adelebsen Dedicata''. Rintelii: Typis Johannis Friderici Enax.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelebsen'')</small> * [[Adenebutla]]<ref name="Pischke 1998">Pischke, G. (Ed.) (1998). ''Das Lehnsregister der Edelherren von Meinersen: Edition und historische Untersuchung der mittelalterlichen Besitzurkunden'' (Documentum anni MCCXX). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Adenbüttel'')</small> * [[Adenhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703">Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis: De ecclesiis parochialibus et ditione antiqua oppidi Adenhusii''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahnsen'')</small> * [[Adenthorpium]]<ref name="Höhbaum 1876">Höhbaum, K. (Ed.) (1876). ''Hansisches Urkundenbuch: Monumenta Germaniae Historica e codicibus diplomaticis Bremensibus et Luneburgensibus'' (Vol. I). Halis Saxonum: Typis Orphanotrophei.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Adendörp'')</small> * [[Aesdorpe]]<ref name="Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv">Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv. (s. d.). ''Guts- und Familienarchiv von Freytag zu Estorf''. Arcinsys Niedersachsen, Bestand NLA HA Dep. 138.</ref> <small>(ad [[Visurgis|Visurgem]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Affinghusia]]<ref name="Rathlef 1766">Rathlef, E. L. (1766). ''Geschichte der Grafschaften Hoya und Diepholz: Monimenta diplomatica et antiquitates ditionis Affinghusiae'' (Vol. I). Bremae: Försterischen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Affinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Affinghusen'' seu ''Affjehusen'')</small> * [[Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] ''Stadtoldendorf'') * [[Alrebekesa]]<ref name="Oven 1872">Oven, A. von (Ed.) (1872). ''Urkundenbuch des Herzogthums Lüneburg: Diplomata, chartae et registra historica saeculi XII (Documentum anni MCXCVII de venditione praedii Alrebekesae)'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Carl Rümpler.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahnsbeck'')</small> * [[Ahusium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ahusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Parochiarum ditionis Corbeiensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahusen'')</small> * [[Alfelda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Allefelle'')</small> * [[Alfhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfhausen'')</small> * [[Algermissenum]]<ref name="Hoogeweg III 1903">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1903). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et privilegia de Algermisseno)'' (Vol. III). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Algermissen'')</small> * [[Alisni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elsfleth'')</small> * [[Almstedium]]<ref name="Hoogeweg II 1901">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1901). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et registra de Almstedio)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Almstedt'')</small> * [[Alorstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1758">Pratje, J. H. (1758). ''Historische Nachrichten von dem ehemaligen berühmten Closter Harsefeld: Monumenta ac documenta saeculi XII ubi de decimis Alorstedii agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahlerstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohlers'')</small> * [[Alvstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfs'' seu ''Alfst'')</small> * [[Amelinghusium]]<ref name="Baring 1746">Baring, E. (1746). ''Succincta Hannoverae et ditionum vicinarum Notitia Historica''. Hanoverae: Typis Nicolae Försteri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amelinghausen''; [[lingua Saxonica|Boreosaxonice]] ''Amekhusen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Amelkusen'')</small> * [[Anchemium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ankum'')</small> * [[Andervenia]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Andervenne'')</small> * [[Andorlangia]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Anderlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Annerlingen'')</small> * [[Antiqua Medingha]]<ref name="Homeyer X 2006">Homeyer, J. (Ed.) (2006). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Medingen: Lüneburger Urkundenbuch (Monimenta historica saeculi XIV de parochia Medinghae) (Vol. X)''. Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Altenmedingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohmein'')</small> * [[Apenum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aap'')</small> * [[Apleremum]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apelern'')</small> * [[Appelium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Appel'')</small> * [[Aquae Lauterbergenses in Montibus Harthicis]]<ref name="Mirus 1826">Mirus, A. (1826). ''De salubritate aquarum lauterbergensium in montibus harthicis sitarum''. Typis Regiis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Lauterberg im Harz'')</small> * [[Aquae Nendorpenses]]<ref name="Marcard 1805">Marcard, H. M. (1805). ''De salubritate aquarum nendorpensium et de earum usu in morbis chronicis''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich; et: Macard, H. M. (1805). ''De usu salutari fontium salinorum in territorio Hildesiensi sitorum''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Nenndorf'')</small> * [[Aquae Zwischenahnenses]]<ref name="Statisitakamt Nord 2025">Statistikamt Nord (Editio Latina). ''Catalogus Urbium et Communium Germaniae''. Hamburgi, 2025.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Zwischenahn''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Twiskenoan'' seu ''Boad Twiskenoan''; [[Saxonice]] ''Twüschenahn'')</small> * [[Aroldishusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Arholzen'')</small> * [[Artlenburgum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Artlenburg'')</small> * [[Artlissa]]<ref name="Mader 1664">Mader, J. J. (1664). ''Antiquitates Brunsvicenses: De antiquis parochiis Saxonum et finibus dioecesis Mindensis (Caput de parochia Artlissa)''. Helmestadii: Typis Henningi Mulleri.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Aerzen'': quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Ärzen'')</small> * [[Arx Agathae]]<ref name="Kochen 1724">Kochen, J. H. (1724). ''Introductio in Historiam Ducatus Bremensis y Verdensis: Accesserunt diplomata varia et descriptio Arcis Agathae et ditionis Stadiensis''. Stadae: Typis Caspari Holmii.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Agathenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gothenborg'')</small> * [[Arx Draconis]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drakenburg'')</small> * [[Ascalingium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlden'')</small> * [[Asanthorpium]]<ref name="Vogell 1856">Vogell, A. (Ed.) (1856). ''Urkundenbuch des Bisthums Verden und des Collegiatstifts Bardewick: Chartae, diplomata et monumenta historica saeculi XIII...''. Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Harburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Harburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Harburgum]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Harburgensis-e" refertur-.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Asenthorpium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1855). ''Hoyer Urkundenbuch'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Jänecke Verlag.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Diepholtia|Circulo terrae Diepholtia]]<ref name="Landkreis Diepholz">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Diepholtia" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Diepholz'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Diepholtia]]", vide {{Hofmannus}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Assena]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892">Philippi, F., & Bär, M. (Eds.) (1892). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Die Urkunden der Jahre 772-1200'' (Vol. 1). Verein für Geschichte und Landeskunde von Osnabrück.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Essen'')</small> * [[Assini]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Essen'')</small> * [[Astanholteremarki-Scirnbeki]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Osterholz-Scharmbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Oosterholt-Scharmbeek'')</small> * [[Aszi]]<ref name="Hermann">Hermann Abels: ''Die Ortsnamen des Emslandes in ihrer sprachlichen und kulturgeschichtlichen Bedeutung''. S. 27f.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Aulica]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elze'')</small> * [[Auricum (Saxonia Inferior)|Auricum]]<ref name="Emmius 1616">Emmius, U. (1616). ''Rerum Frisicarum Historia''. [[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]: Elzevier.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Aurich''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Aurk''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Auerk'')</small> {{div col end}} === B === {{div col|3}} * [[Badberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Badbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Badbern'')</small> * [[Baddekenstedium]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel & Ohainski X 2018">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Ohainski, U. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil X)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Baddeckenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barkenstäe'')</small> * [[Balga]]<ref name="Udolph 1994">Udolph, J. (1994). ''Namenkundliche Studien zum Germanenproblem'' (Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Ergänzungsbände 9). Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Balje'')</small> * [[Balga Cortis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Balge'')</small> * [[Baltrumum]]<ref name="Wiarda III 1792">Wiarda, T. D. (1792). ''Ostfriesische Geschichte: Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1648'' (Vol. 3). August Friedrich Winter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Baltrum'')</small> * [[Bamwida]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bohmte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baumte'')</small> * [[Bardenuvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bardowick''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bewick'')</small> * [[Bardorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859">Sudendorf, H. (Ed.) (1859). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande'' (Vol. 1). Carl Rümpler Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrdorf'')</small> * [[Barenburgum]]<ref name="Kolb 1712">Kolb, G. (1712). ''Compendium totius orbis: partim geographicum, partim historicum, partim genealogicum''. Typis Universitatis Carolo-Francisceae</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnborg'')</small> * [[Bargstedum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764">Mushard, M. (1764). ''Palaeogentilismus Bremensis: Monumenta ac veterum tumuli in ducatibus Bremensi et Verdensi''. Typis Andreae Vandenhoeck.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bargstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargst'' seu ''Bars'')</small> * [[Barnstedum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702">Bünting, H., & Letzner, J. (1702). ''Braunschweig-Lüneburgische Chronica, Oder Historische Beschreibung der Durchlauchtigsten Herzogen zu Braunschweig und Lüneburg''. Gedruckt bey Caspar Johann Jakobi.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barnstedt'')</small> * [[Barnstorfium]]<ref name="Böhmer 2007">Böhmer, J. F. (2007). ''Regesta Imperii III: Salisches Haus 1024–1125. Die Regesten des Kaiserreiches unter Heinrich IV'' (T. Struve, Ed.). Böhlau Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnstrup'')</small> * [[Barsela]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barßel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bäärsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassel'')</small> * [[Barsingehusa]]<ref name="Harenberg 1753">Harenberg, J. C. (1753). ''Historia ecclesiae Gandershemensis diplomatica''. Typis et Impensis Joannis Christophori Meisneri.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barsinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baschehusen'' seu ''Basche'')</small> * [[Barum (Luneburgum)|Barum]]<ref name="Mindermann I II 2004">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2004). ''Verdener Urkundenbuch, 1. Abteilung, Band 2: 1300–1380''. Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Luneburgensis|Circulo Luneburgensi]]<ref name="Landreis Lüneburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Luneburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landreis Lüneburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Luneburgensis-e" ad [[Luneburgum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boorn'')</small> * [[Barum (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Barum]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010">Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (2010). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'' (K. Casemir, F. Menzel, & U. Ohainski, Eds.). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Ulsenensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Uelzen'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Ulsenensis-e" ad [[Ulsena]]m refertur. Quo de gentilicio, vide lemma "res-publica Ulsenensis" apud {{Google Books|w_tWAAAAcAAJ|vide paginam dedicationis operis}}"; et de topnymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bourm'')</small> * [[Barunvilla]]<ref name="SdaedhdlM 1862">Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle (1862). ''Mémoires de la Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle: Année 1860–1861''. Rousseau-Pallez.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borendörp'')</small> * [[Barverum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844">Böhmer, J. F. (1844). ''Regesta Chronologico-Diplomatica Regum et Imperatorum Romanorum: Inde a Conrado I. Usque ad Henricum VII''. Typis et Sumtibus J. C. Hermann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barver'')</small> * [[Barwedelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barwedel'')</small> * [[Basdalum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Basdahl''; [[Saxonice]] ''Basdaal'' seu ''Basdohl'')</small> * [[Bawinkelum]]<ref name="Moser 1738">Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bawinkel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bowinkel'')</small> * [[Bebenhusa (Saxonia Inferior)|Bebenhusa]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt 2010">Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.) (2010). ''Regnum Francorum Online: Traditio Fuldenses''. Francia-Ahlfeldt Project.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bevensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bämsen'' seu ''Bemsen'')</small> * [[Beckdorfium]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beekdörp'')</small> * [[Beckedorfium]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckedorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Biäkedörp'')</small> * [[Beckelnum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beckeln'')</small> * [[Bedenbostelum]]<ref name="NL 1924">Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv (1924). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte''. Veröffentlichungen de Historischen Kommission für Niedersachsen und Bremen.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beedenbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bedenbossel'')</small> * [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'')</small> * [[Belmum]]<ref name="Moser 1738"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Belm'')</small> * [[Belumum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Belum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Belen'')</small> * [[Bema (Saxonia Inferior)|Bema]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Böhme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhm'')</small> * [[Bendestorfium]]<ref name="Bührmann 2005">Bührmann, M. (2005). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen des norddeutschen Raumes''. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. </ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bendestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bendsdörp'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Cellensis)|Berga]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Cellensis|Circulo Cellensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Celle">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Cellensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Celle'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Cellensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargen'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Osnabrugae)|Berga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Osnabrugae|Circulo Osnabrugae]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Osnabrugae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Osnabrück'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum ''LandKreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Osnabruga|Osnabruga-ae]]", vide Pertsch, Erich: ''Langenscheidts Großes Schulwörterbuch Lateinisch-Deutsch'', Berolini et Monaci 1983, ISBN 3-468-07202-3, p. 1325.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Berge'')</small> * [[Berga ad Dumnam]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergen an der Dumme''; [[Polabice]] ''Djörska'')</small> * [[Bergenborstelium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrenborstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bornbössel'' seu ''Boornbössel'')</small> * [[Bergfelda]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergfeld''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bargfeld'')</small> * [[Bersenbrugum]]<ref name="Sandhoff 1785">Sandhoff, J. E. (1785). ''Antistitum Osnabrugensis ecclesiae, qui per decem saecula episcopale munus in ea gesserunt, chronotaxis''. Typis Joannis Georgii Kislingii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bersenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bessenbrügge'')</small> * [[Berumburgum]]<ref name="Emmius 1616"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berumbur'')</small> * [[Bestena]]<ref name="Jellinghaus 1923">Jellinghaus, H. (1923). ''Die westfälischen Ortsnamen nach ihren Bestandteilen''' (III ed.). Ferdinand Schöningh.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beesten'')</small> * [[Betzendorfum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Betzendorfum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bätzendörp'')</small> * [[Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'')</small> * [[Beverstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beverstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beverst'')</small> * [[Bienenbuttelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bienenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bienbüddel'')</small> * [[Bilshusa]]<ref name="Wolf 1819">Wolf, J. (1819). ''Politische Geschichte des Eichsfeldes mit Urkunden erläutert''. Johann Georg Rosenbusch.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bilshausen'')</small> * [[Binethemum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688">Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: I. Historicos Germanicos, II. Historiam Helmstadensem, III. Dissertationes de utriusque Saxoniae''. Typis Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii; et: Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: Dissertationen und historische Chroniken des Herzogtums Braunschweig-Lüneburg''. Typis Georgii Wolffii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bentheim'')</small> * [[Binnenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Binnen'')</small> * [[Bippenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bippen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bippen'')</small> * [[Birsina]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bassum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassen'')</small> * [[Bissendorpum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bissendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissendörp'')</small> * [[Blenderum]]<ref name="Brosius 1993">Brosius, D. (1993). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Loccum'' (Vol. 1). Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Blender''; [[Saxonice]] ''Blenner'')</small> * [[Bliederstorpum]]<ref name="Trüper 2017">Trüper, H. G. (2017). ''Urkundenbuch der Herren von Zesterfleth: 1232–1657''. Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bliedersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bliersdörp'')</small> * [[Bobentunum]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bovenden''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bovten'')</small> * [[Bocensis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bückeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bückeborg'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Heidensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Heidensis|Circulo Heidensi]]<ref name="Heidekreis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Heidensis" -Theodisce ''Heidekreis'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum suffixum ''-kreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum gentilicium "Heidensis-e" Theodiscum lexema ''Heide-'' vertit.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Theorosburgensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Theorosburgensis|Circulo Theorosburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Schaumburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Theorosburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Schaumburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino gentilicio "Theorosburgensis-e", quod ad [[Theorosburgum]] refertur, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukholt'')</small> * [[Bocholtum in Ericeto]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>[[urbs]] et commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz in der Nordheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Frisicus)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873">Ehmck, D. R., & von Bippen, W. (Ed.) (1873). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1300''. C. Schünemann.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Frisicus|Circulo Frisico]]<ref name="Landkreis Friesland">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Frisicus" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Friesland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Frisicus-a-um" ad [[Frisia (discretiva)|Frisiam]] refertur. Quod de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bockhorn'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Vetha)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Vetha|Circulo Vetha]]<ref name="Landkreis Vechta">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Vetha" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Vechta'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo).</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bakum'')</small> * [[Bochorstia]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bockhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukhast'')</small> * [[Bodendicum]]<ref name="Brosius 1985">Brosius, D. (1985). ''Aus der Geschichte der Burg Bodenteich''. Ecomed Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bodenteich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bonndiek'')</small> * [[Bodenfelda]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenfelde'')</small> * [[Bodensa]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph">Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodensee'')</small> * [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'')</small> * [[Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'')</small> * [[Boitersena]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bötersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boitzen'')</small> * [[Boitzia]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Boitze''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhtz'')</small> * [[Bokenstorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bokensdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokensdörp'')</small> * [[Bokenum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bockenem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokeln'')</small> * [[Borchwega]]<ref name="Rüther 1905">Rüther, H. (Ed.) (1905). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Neuenwalde''. Halle’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Burweg'')</small> * [[Borkna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Borkum''; [[lingua Frisica|Frisice]] ''Boarkum''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Börkum'')</small> * [[Borna Castra]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berne'')</small> * [[Borsla]]<ref name="Niemeyer 2012">Niemeyer, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. De Gruyter</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bösel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Böäsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bäsel'')</small> * [[Borstla]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1842">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1842). ''Diepholzer Urkundenbuch: Authentische Urkunden zur Geschichte der Grafschaft Diepholz''. [[Hannovera]]e: Hahn'schen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Borstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bössel'')</small> * [[Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel'')</small> * [[Brachia (Germania)|Brachia]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Brake''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braak'' seu ''Broak'')</small> * [[Braclina]]<ref name="Rübel 1881">Rübel, K. (Ed.) (1881). ''Dortmunder Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1340''. [[Isarlohia]]e: J. Baedeker.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brackel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braackel'')</small> * [[Bramascus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bramsche'')</small> * [[Breddenberga]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898">Wilmans, R., & Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.). (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden und angrenzender Gebiete''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Breddenberg'')</small> * [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde'')</small> * [[Bredthorpium]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Breddorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Breddörp'')</small> * [[Brestum (Saxonia Inferior)|Brestum]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brest'')</small> * [[Brincama]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878">Friedländer, E. (Ed.) (1878). ''Ostfriesisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. (Jahre 787–1470)''. [[Emda]]e: Haynel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brinkum'')</small> * [[Britlinga]]<ref name="Udolph 2004">Udolph, J. (2004). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala''. [[Gottinga]]e: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brietlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brietl'')</small> * [[Brochema]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Broubm'' seu ''Brookm'')</small> * [[Brocleda]]<ref name="Janicke 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1''. [[Lipsia]]e: S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bröckel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bräukel'')</small> * [[Broclina]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brookel'')</small> * [[Broma]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski 2014">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (Ed.). (2014). ''Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch: Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Gifhorn''. [[Bilivelda]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brome''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brom'')</small> * [[Brochusium-Vilsena]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/><ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bruchhausen-Vilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brooksen-Vilsen'')</small> * [[Brunsvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Braunschweig''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brunswiek''; [[lingua Saxonica|Brunsvicice]] dialectaliter ''Bronswiek'' seu ''Brönswiek'')</small> * [[Bukina]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bücken''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bücken'')</small> * [[Bulcova]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bülkau'')</small> * [[Bulsteda]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bülstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büls'')</small> * [[Brunla]]<ref name="Bode 1893">Bode, G. (Ed.) (1893). ''Urkundenbuch der Stadt Goslar und der in und bei Goslar belegenen geistlichen Stiftungen: Band 1 (922 bis 1250)''.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Braunlage'')</small> * [[Bunda]]<ref name="Deiter">Deiter, H. (1881). Oldeborchs, Pastoris zu Bunda in Reiderland, kleine ostfriesische Chronicke, betreffend die Jahre 1558 bis 1605. ''Jahrbuch de Gesellschaft für bildende Kunst und vaterländische Altertümer zu Emden''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bunde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bunn'')</small> * [[Burchardivillare]]<ref name="Janicke 1892">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1892). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1. Bis zum Jahre 1221''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Guelpherbytensis|Circulo Guelpherbytensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Wolfenbüttel">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Guelpherbytensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Wolfenbüttel'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Guelpherbytensis-e" ad [[Guelpherbytum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://vd18.gbv.de/viewer/fullscreen/006049869/1/ ''vd18.gbv.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) Pro eo ac debuisti, urbs aerumnosa, infelix ac misera Guelpherbytum (...)"; et quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/MBRY52X6EUWPQOQRFBKHVLYBSUG4M6LS ''Carmina Votiva Honori Clarißimi atq[ue] Experientißimi Viri Dn. Samuelis Stockhausen''], ubi dicitur "(...) Practici Guelpherbytensis (...)".</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'')</small> * [[Burgdorfium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Hannovera (regio)|Regione Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'' seu ''Bortörp'')</small> * [[Burgium (Saxonia Inferior)|Burgium]]<ref name="Remling VII 2026">Remling, L. (2026). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Emsland''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Börger''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borger'')</small> * [[Buria (Saxonia Inferior)|Buria]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bühren'')</small> * [[Bursina (Saxonia Inferior)|Bursina]]<ref name="Casemir 2003">Casemir, K. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil III)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Börßum'')</small> * [[Butiadinga]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen II 1876">Ehmck, D. R., & Bippen, W. von. (Ed.) (1876). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 2. 1301–1350''. D. Ed. Müller.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Butjadingen'')</small> * [[Buxtehuda]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1842">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1842). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buxtehude''; [[Saxonice]] ''Buxthu'')</small> * [[Byspinga]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1859). ''Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, Fünfte Abtheilung: Archiv des Klosters St. Michaelis zu Lüneburg''. Capaun-Karlowa’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bispingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissen'')</small> {{div col end}} === C === {{div col|3}} * [[Campus Rufus]]<ref name="Stüve 1789"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Rothenfelde'')</small> * [[Capella (Saxonia Inferior)|Capella]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894">Philippi, F. (Ed.) (1894). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Band 2. Die Urkunden der Jahre 1201–1250''. H. Th. Wenner.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cappeln'')</small> * [[Castrovallium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgwedel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borwee'' seu ''Boorwee'')</small> * [[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Celle'')</small> * [[Clenza]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 2. Von 1221 bis 1260''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clenze''; [[Polabice]] ''Kloncka'')</small> * [[Cloppenburgum]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cloppenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cloppenborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Kloppenbuurich'')</small> * [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') * [[Cramma]]<ref name="Casemir 2003"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cramme'')</small> * [[Cuxhavia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Cuxhaven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuxhoben'')</small> {{div col end}} === D === {{div col|3}} * [[Dalemia]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlem'')</small> * [[Dalenburgum]]<ref name="Rzihacek & Spreitzer XI 2024">Rzihacek, A., & Spreitzer, F. (Ed.) (2024). ''Die Urkunden Otto IV (Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Diplomata Regum et Imperatorum Germaniae, Tomus XI). Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlenborg'')</small> * [[Dalum]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Tahln'')</small> * [[Damma (Saxonia Inferior)|Damma]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Damme'')</small> * [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'')</small> * [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars'')</small> * [[Danthorpum]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel % Udolph VII 2011">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Udolph, J. (2011). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII''). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Danndorf'')</small> * [[Dassela]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dassel'')</small> * [[Dedenhusa]]<ref name="-husaDeensen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Dedehusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden (Veröffentlichungen del Institut für Historische Landesforschung der Universität Göttingen, Vol. 51)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Deensen'')</small> * [[Deinste]]<ref name="Vanni & Rossi 2012">Vanni, D., & Rossi, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Index Nominum Geographicorum Locorumque Mundi Latine Redditus''. Societas Latina.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deinst'')</small> * [[Deinstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deins'')</small> * [[Delmenhorstium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Delmenhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Demost'')</small> * [[Dengdia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Denkte'')</small> * [[Derental]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Derental'')</small> * [[Dersum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dersum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Derßm'')</small> * [[Dettum]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dettum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Detten'')</small> * [[Dicla]]<ref name="Mooyer 1855">Mooyer, E. F. (Ed.) (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des vormaligen Stiftes Minden''. J. C. C. Bruns.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dickel'')</small> * [[Didderse]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Didderse'' et [[Saxonice]] ''Deesse'')</small> * [[Diekholza]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diekholzen'')</small> * [[Dielmissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dielmissen'')</small> * [[Diepenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diepenau'')</small> * [[Diepholtia]]<ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Diepholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deefholt'')</small> * [[Dinklage]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dinklage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dinklaoge'')</small> * [[Disaldishusa]]<ref name="-husaDelligsen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Disaldishusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Reuter, A. (Ed.) (1950). ''1100 Jahre Delligsen: Geschichte der Hilsmulde und des Ortes Delligsen''. Verlag der Gemeinde Delligsen. </ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Delligsen'')</small> * [[Disna (Saxonia Inferior)|Disna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dissen am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Dohra (Terra Emesensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Terrae Emesensis|Terra Emesensi]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Terrae Altenburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Emsland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum "terra-ae" Theodiscum lexema ''-land'' vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Emesensis-e" ad flumen [[Amisia|Emesam]] refertur. De hoc hydronymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dohren '')</small> * [[Dohra (Circulus Harburgensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dohren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Duhrn'')</small> * [[Dolnere]]<ref name="Dolnere">Vide [https://adw-goe.de/fileadmin/forschungsprojekte/ortsnamen_rhein_elbe/dokumente/Publikationen_Udolph_PDF/2001-2005/315._Udolph_Anmerkungen_zum_Ortsnamen_Dollern.pdf ''Anmerkugen zum Ortsnamen Dollern''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1105 (Fälschung Mitte 12. Jh.) ''Dolnere'' (...) 1209 ''Johannes de dolnere'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dollern'')</small> * [[Doristacus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dorstadt'')</small> * [[Dornum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dornum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dornm'')</small> * [[Dorverda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dörverden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dörbern'' seu ''Dörb'' seu ''Dörveern'')</small> * [[Dotlinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dötlingen'')</small> * [[Drage (Albis)|Drage]]<ref name="Drage">'''Drage-es'''; declinatio regularis generis Graeci vel Latini in prima declinatione, aut ut nomen substantivum regulare primae declinationis in geographicis rationibus modernis tractatum. Quo de toponymo, vide: Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Draag'')</small> * [[Drentwede]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1842"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drentwede'')</small> * [[Drestadium]]<ref name="-stadt"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drestedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dreest'')</small> * [[Drochtersa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drochtersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Drochters'')</small> * [[Dudanebutli]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1841">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1841). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch (Band 1)''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Düdenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düünbeudel'')</small> * [[Duderstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Duderstadt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dustadt'')</small> * [[Dunsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dünsen'')</small> * [[Dunum (Saxonia Inferior)|Dunum]]<ref name="Houtrouw 1889">Houtrouw, O. G. (1889). ''Ostfriesland: Eine geschichtlich-ortskundige Wanderung gegen Ende der Fürstenzeit (Band 1)''. Dunkmann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dunum'')</small> * [[Duthungun]]<ref name="Udolph 2004"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Duingen''; [[Saxonice|Ostfalice]] ''Daujen'')</small> {{div col end}} === E === {{div col|3}} * [[Ebbestorpium]]<ref name="Jaitner 1985">Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ebstörp'')</small> * [[Ebersdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ebersdorfium]]<ref name="Ebersdorfium">Theodiscum toponymum ''Ebersdorf' in Latinam "Ebersdorfium" verti solet. V.gr. vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eversdörp'')</small> * [[Echemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Echem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Echen'')</small> * [[Edemissa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Edemissen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emisse'')</small> * [[Edestorpe]]<ref name="Minden 1902">Minden, G. von (Ed.) (1902). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe von Verden (Band 1)''. Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Egestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äästörp'')</small> * [[Edewechte]]<ref name="Berger 2012">Berger, D. (2012). ''Edewecht''. In ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Edewecht''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erwech''; historice ''Adewacht'')</small> * [[Eggermuhla]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eggermühlen'')</small> * [[Ehra-Lessia]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ehra-Lessien'')</small> * [[Eicklinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eicklingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eikeln'')</small> * [[Eildissum]]<ref name="Stumpf-Brentano II 1865">Stumpf-Brentano, K. F. (Ed.) (1865). ''Die Reichskanzler vornehmlich des X., XI. und XII. Jahrhunderts: Acta Imperii Selecta'' (Vol. 2). [[Aeni Pons (Austria)|Aeni Ponte]]: Wagner'schen Universitäts-Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Eilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlsen'')</small> * [[Eima]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'')</small> * [[Eime]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eime'')</small> * [[Eimke]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimke''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimk'')</small> * [[Ekelum]]<ref>Vide: Von Hodenberg, W. (Ed.) (1855). ''Walsroder Urkundenbuch (Urkunde Nr. 19)''. Hahnsche Hofbuchhandlung. Quo opere "proprietatem bonorum in Ekelo, que ab ecclesia Walsrodensi in feodum tenuit, pro quinquaginta marcis seriosius comparavit." dicitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eickeloh'')</small> * [[Elbingeroda]]<ref name="-roda"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbingerode'')</small> * [[Eldinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eldingen'')</small> * [[Elsdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Elsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Elsdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Elsdörp'')</small> * [[Elvede]]<ref name="Hoops 2003">Hoops, J. (Ed.) (2003). ''Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch III: Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''. Biliveldae: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbe'')</small> * [[Embeca]]<ref name="Embeca">"non ignobiles Saxoniae civitates, Embeca et Gottinga" {{Google Books|I7pXAAAAcAAJ|p. 734}}. Interdum "Embica", "Embecka" etc. reperis</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Einbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimbeck'')</small> * [[Embsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Embsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emsen'')</small> * [[Emda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Emden''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Oamde'')</small> * [[Emmelkampus]]<ref name="Emmelkampus">Vide [https://www.altreformiert.de/beuker/geschichte/grafschaft-bentheim/ERK-GRAFSCH_Classis_1625-1705_Prot_-_Plasger_2021_gjb.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Protokolle der Classis der reformierten Prediger der Grafschaft Bentheim 1625–1705''], ubi dicitur "(...) Domino Bernhardus Tinneken Pastorum Emmelkampum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emlichheim''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Batavice]] ''Emmelkamp'')</small> * [[Emmendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emdörp'')</small> * [[Emphstece]]<ref name="Emphstece">Vide [https://www.emstek.de/die-gemeinde/ortsteile/emstek?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''www.emstek.de'']; ubi dicitur "(...) Urkunde aus dem Jahre 947 als „Emphstece" (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Emstek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emstäk'')</small> * [[Emsbura]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emsbüren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büren'')</small> * [[Emtinghusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emtinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emhusen'')</small> * [[Engda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engn'')</small> * [[Engelschofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engelschoff''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engelschopp'')</small> * [[Erenburgum]]<ref name="Minden II 1902">Minden, G. von (Ed.) (1902). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe von Verden und Minden (Band 2)''. Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ehrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ehrenborg'')</small> * [[Erkeroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Erkerode''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erkero'')</small> * [[Ermelstorpium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Armstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Armsdörp'')</small> * [[Eschede]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eschede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Eschershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen'')</small> * [[Esdorpe]]<ref name="Lisch & Wigger">Lisch, G. C. F., & Wigger, F. (Ed.). (1878). ''Mecklenburgisches Urkundenbuch''.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Stadae|Circulo Stadae]]<ref name="Landkreis Stade">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Stadae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Stade'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Stadae]]", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Esena]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esens'')</small> * [[Essel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Essel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äsel'')</small> * [[Esterwega]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esterwegen''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Äästerweede'')</small> * [[Evergoteshemium]]<ref name="-hemiumEver">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Euergoteshem'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: H. Bresslau et. al.: ''Die Urkunden Heinrichs II. und Arduins''. In: Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Die Urkunden der deutschen Könige und Kaiser, Band 3. [[Hannovera]]e 1900–1903.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ebergötzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ewerchötzschen'')</small> * [[Everinga]]<ref name="-ingaEvern">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum mediaevali formae huius toponymi ''Everinge'' testatae applicatur. Quo de mediaevali toponymo, vide: Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (1998). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises und der Stadt Hannover (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil I)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deutsch Evern''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düütsch Äwern'')</small> * [[Eversmeer]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eversmeer'')</small> * [[Evessum]]<ref name="NOB 2004">Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (2004). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''' (NOB III). [[Gottinga]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Evessen'')</small> * [[Eydelstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eydelstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eidelstee'')</small> * [[Eyendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eyendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eyndörp'')</small> * [[Eystharpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eystrup'')</small> {{div col end}} === F === {{div col|3}} * [[Fallingbostela]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bad Fallingbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Fambossel'')</small> * [[Fardium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Verden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Veern'')</small> * [[Farva]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Farven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Farm'')</small> * [[Fassberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Faßberg'')</small> * [[Filsum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Filsum'')</small> * [[Firrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Firrel'')</small> * [[Florimontium (circulus Widmundensis)|Florimontium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Blomberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bloombarg'' seu ''Blombarg'')</small> * [[Flotide]]<ref name="Flotide">De nominibus "Flotide" {{caa|780|802}}, "Flathi" {{caa|1013}}, "Flatide" {{caa|1142}}, "Flothethe" {{caa|1187}}, "Vlothe" {{caa|1189}} et "Flotethe" {{caa|1194}}, vide: Udolph, Jürgen. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160729194352/https://www.ndr.de/ndr1niedersachsen/programm/Ortsnamen-Uebersicht-fuer-Buchstaben-F,ortsnamenforscher111.html ''Ortsnamenforscher'']. ''NDR 1 Niedersachsen''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Flöthe'')</small> * [[Frankenfelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Frankenfeld'')</small> * [[Freda]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freden'')</small> * [[Fredenbeck]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Freiburg/Elbe]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Freistatt]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Frellstedt]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Freren]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Fresenburg]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Friedeburg]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Friedlandia (Saxonia Inferior)|Friedland]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Friesoythe]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Fürstenau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Furstenberga]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> {{div col end}} === G === {{div col|3}} * [[Ganderkesee]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Gandershemium]]<ref>[http://books.google.fi/books?id=6kwBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA27&lpg=PA27&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=_NMr2DmhUK&sig=CXPUuuKZ8W03AC7uB3YlYYNscJ4&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false R. p. Hertenberger: ''Historia pragmatica universalis, sacra et profana''], p.27; [http://books.google.fi/books?id=yScyAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=ZoGX4tZRRD&sig=8fUZc6grFgYD0jN-twVcDyzarYI&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false ''Acta Sanctorum, Junii'' (1698-1717), cit. in ''A Companion to Hrotsvit of Gandersheim (fl. 960)''], p. 58 n.103.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Gandersheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ganderssen'')</small> * [[Gandesbergen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Garbsen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Garlstorf]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Garrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Garstedt]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Gartow]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Geeste]] * [[Geestland]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Gehrde]] * [[Gehrden]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Georgsdorf]] * [[Georgsmarienhütte]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Gerdau]] * [[Gersten]] * [[Getelo]] * [[Gevensleben]] * [[Gevera]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Jever'')</small> * [[Geversdorf]] * [[Gieboldehausen]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Giesen]] * [[Gifhorna]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Gifhorn'')</small> * [[Gilten]] * [[Glandorf]] * [[Gleichen]] * [[Gnarrenburg]] * [[Gödenstorf]] * [[Göhrde]] * [[Goldenstedt]] * [[Gölenkamp]] * [[Golmbach]] * [[Gorleben]] * [[Goslaria]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Goslar''; [[Saxonice]] ''Goslär'')</small> * [[Gottinga]]<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=kkM-AAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=gottingensis&lr=&cd=14#v=onepage&q=&f=false Libri Googles].</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Göttingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chöttingen'')</small> * [[Grafhorst]] * [[Grasberg]] * [[Grasleben]] * [[Grethem]] * [[Gronau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Groß Berßen]] * [[Großefehn]] * [[Großenkneten]] * [[Großenwörden]] * [[Großheide]] * [[Groß Ippener]] * [[Groß Meckelsen]] * [[Groß Oesingen]] * [[Groß Twülpstedt]] * [[Grundensis Civitas Metallica]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Grund'')</small> * [[Grünendeich]] * [[Guderhandviertel]] * [[Guelpherbytum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfenbüttel'')</small> * [[Gusborn]] * [[Gyhum]] {{div col end}} === H === {{div col|3}} * [[Hademstorf]] * [[Haga Schauenburgi]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stadthagen'')</small> * [[Hage]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Hagen am Teutoburger Wald]] * [[Hagen im Bremischen]] * [[Hagenburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Hagermarsch]] * [[Hahausen]] * [[Halbemond]] * [[Halle (comitatus Binethensis)|Halle]] <small>(b.Neuenhaus)</small> * [[Halle (Holtisminni)|Halle]] <small>(Montes Visurgis)</small> * [[Halvesbostel]] * [[Hamala]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hameln'')</small> * [[Hambergen]] * [[Hambühren]] * [[Hämelhausen]] * [[Hamersen]] * [[Hammah]] * [[Handeloh]] * [[Handorf]] * [[Handrup]] * [[Hankensbüttel]] * [[Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terrae foederalis]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hannover''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannober'')</small> * [[Hann. Münden]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Hanstedt (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Hanstedt]] <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen"/>)</small> * [[Hanstedt (Nordheide)|Hanstedt]] <small>(Nordheide)</small> * [[Harbarnsen]] * [[Hardegsen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Haren (Amisia)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Harmstorf]] * [[Harpstedt]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Harsefeld]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Harsum]] * [[Hartsburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Harzburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harzeborg'')</small> * [[Hasbergen]] * [[Haselünne]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Haßbergen]] * [[Hassel (Weser)]] * [[Hassendorf]] * [[Haste]] * [[Hatten]] * [[Hattorf ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Häuslingen]] * [[Haverlah]] * [[Hechthausen]] * [[Hedeper]] * [[Heede (Emsland)|Heede]] * [[Heemsen]] * [[Heere]] * [[Heeslingen]] * [[Heeßen]] * [[Hehlen]] * [[Heidenau (Saxonia Inferior)|Heidenau]] * [[Heinade]] * [[Heinbockel]] * [[Heiningen (Niedersachsen)|Heiningen]] * [[Heinsen]] * [[Hellwege]] * [[Helmstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Helmstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helmstidde'')</small> * [[Helpsen]] * [[Helvesiek]] * [[Hemmingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hemmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hemsbünde]] * [[Hemslingen]] * [[Hemsloh]] * [[Hepstedt]] * [[Herzberg am Harz]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Herzlake]] * [[Hesel]] * [[Hespe]] * [[Hessisch Oldendorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Heuerßen]] * [[Heyen]] * [[Hildesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hildesheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hilmessen'' seu ''Hilmssen'')</small> * [[Hilgermissen]] * [[Hilkenbrook]] * [[Hillerse]] * [[Hilter am Teutoburger Wald]] * [[Himbergen]] * [[Himmelpforten]] * [[Hinte]] * [[Hipstedt]] * [[Hittbergen]] * [[Hitzacker]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hodenhagen]] * [[Höhbeck]] * [[Hohenhameln]] * [[Hohne]] * [[Hohnhorst]] * [[Hohnstorf (Albis)]] * [[Holdorf (Niedersachsen)|Holdorf]] * [[Holenberg]] * [[Holle]] * [[Hollenstedt]] * [[Hollern-Twielenfleth]] * [[Hollnseth]] * [[Holste]] * [[Holtgast]] * [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Holtsminne'')</small> * [[Holtland]] * [[Holzen (prope Eschershusam)|Holzen]] * [[Hoogstede]] * [[Hörden ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Horneburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Horstedt (Niedersachsen)|Horstedt]] * [[Hoya]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hoyerhagen]] * [[Hoyershausen]] * [[Hude (Oldenburg)]] * [[Hüde]] * [[Hülsede]] * [[Husum (bei Nienburg)|Husum]] * [[Hüven]] {{div col end}} === I === {{div col|3}} * [[Iburgum]]<ref name="Von Schaten 1714">Von Schaten, N. (1714). ''Monumenta Osnabrugensia ex historia romana, francica, saxonicaque eruta''. Typis Jodoci Henrici Meyer.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Iburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Ibig'' seu ''Ibig'')</small> * [[Ihlienworth]] * [[Ihlow (Frisia Orientalis)|Ihlow]] * [[Ilsede]] * [[Ingeleben]] * [[Isenbüttel]] * [[Isernhagen]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Isterberg]] * [[Itterbeck]] {{div col end}} === J === {{div col|3}} * [[Jade (Saxonia Inferior)|Jade]] * [[Jameln]] * [[Jelmstorf]] * [[Jembke]] * [[Jemgum]] * [[Jerxheim]] * [[Jesteburg]] * [[Jork]] * [[Jühnde]] * [[Juist]] {{div col end}} === K === {{div col|3}} * [[Kakenstorf]] * [[Kalbe (Niedersachsen)|Kalbe]] * [[Kalefeld]] * [[Karwitz]] * [[Katlenburg-Lindau]] * [[Kettenkamp]] * [[Kirchbrak]] * [[Kirchdorf (bei Sulingen)|Kirchdorf]] * [[Kirchgellersen]] * [[Kirchlinteln]] * [[Kirchseelte]] * [[Kirchtimke]] * [[Kirchwalsede]] * [[Kissenbrück]] * [[Klein Berßen]] * [[Klein Meckelsen]] * [[Kluse (Emsland)|Kluse]] * [[Kneitlingen]] * [[Köhlen]] * [[Königsmoor]] * [[Kranenburg (Oste)|Kranenburg]] * [[Krebeck]] * [[Krummendeich]] * [[Krummhörn]] * [[Kührstedt]] * [[Küsten]] * [[Kutenholz]] {{div col end}} === L === {{div col|3}} * [[Laar]] * [[Laatzen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Lachendorf]] * [[Laerium]]<ref name="Stüve 1789">Stüve, J. E. (1789). ''Beschreibung des Fürstenthums Osnabrück mit einigen Urkunden''. Kißling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Laer'')</small> * [[Lage (Saxonia Inferior)|Lage]] * [[Lähden]] * [[Lahn (Hümmling)|Lahn]] * ''[[Lamspringe]]'' * [[Lamstedt]] * [[Landesbergen]] * [[Landolfshausen]] * [[Landwehr (Gemeinde)|Landwehr]] * [[Langelsheim]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * '''[[Langen (bei Bremerhaven)|Langen]]''' <small>(b.Bremerhaven)</small> * [[Langen (Emsland)|Langen]] <small>(Emsland)</small> * [[Langendorf (Elbe)|Langendorf]] * [[Langenhagen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Langeoog]] * [[Langlingen]] * [[Langwedel (Weser)|Langwedel]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lastrup]] * [[Lathen]] * [[Lauenau]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lauenbrück]] * [[Lauenförde]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lauenhagen]] * [[Leese]] * [[Leezdorf]] * [[Lehe (Emsland)|Lehe]] * [[Lehre (Niedersachsen)|Lehre]] * [[Lehrte]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Leiferde]] * [[Lembruch]] * [[Lemförde]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lemgow]] * [[Lemwerdera]]<ref name="Rüthning 1926">Rüthning, G. (Ed.) (1926). ''Oldenburger Urkundenbuch''. Gerhard Stalling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lemwerder'')</small> * [[Lengede]] * [[Lengenbostel]] * [[Lengerich (Emsland)|Lengerich]] * [[Lenne (Niedersachsen)|Lenne]] * [[Leopolis (Saxonia Inferior)|Leopolis]]<ref name="Ebel 1960">Ebel, W. (1960). ''Lübisches Recht: Erster Band''. Hansischer Geschichtsverein.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bleckede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bleikd'')</small> * [[Leri]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Leer''; [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Läär''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lier'')</small> * [[Liebenau (Niedersachsen)|Liebenau]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Liebenburg]] * [[Lilienthal]] * [[Lindern (Oldenburg)]] * [[Lindhorst]] * [[Lindwedel]] * [[Lingen (Ems)]] <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Linsburg]] * [[Lintig]] * [[Locus Occidentalis (Saxonia Inferior)|Locus Occidentalis]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703">Cellarius, C. (1703). ''Geographia Antiqua iuxta et Nova''. Ienae: Bielckius.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Westerstede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Westerstäe'')</small> * [[Lohne (Oldenburg)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Löningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Lorup]] * [[Loxstedt]] * [[Lübberstedt]] * [[Lübbow]] * [[Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw'')</small> * [[Luckau (Saxonia Inferior)|Luckau]] * [[Lüder (Lüneburger Heide)|Lüder]] * [[Lüdersburg]] * [[Lüdersfeld]] * [[Lüerdissen]] * [[Luhden]] * [[Luneburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lümborg'' seu ''Lünborg''; [[Lingua Saxonica antiqua|Palaeosaxonice]] ''Hliuni'')</small> * [[Lünne]] * [[Lütetsburg]] * ''[[Lutter am Barenberge]]'' * [[Luttera Regalis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Königslutter am Elm'')</small> {{div col end}} === M === {{div col|3}} * [[Maasen]] * [[Marienhafe]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Marienhagen]] * [[Mariental (Niedersachsen)|Mariental]] * [[Marklohe]] * [[Marl (Dümmer)|Marl]] * [[Marschacht]] * [[Martfeld]] * [[Marxen]] * [[Mechtersen]] * [[Meerbeck]] * [[Meine]] * [[Meinersen]] * [[Melbeck]] * [[Melle]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Mellinghausen]] * [[Menslage]] * [[Meppea]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Meppen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Möppen'')</small> * [[Merzen]] * [[Messenkamp]] * [[Messingen]] * [[Midlum (Land Wursten)|Midlum]] * [[Misselwarden]] * [[Mittelnkirchen]] * [[Mittelstenahe]] * [[Moisburg]] * [[Molbergen]] * [[Mons Catonis (Saxonia Inferior)|Mons Catonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cadenberge''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuddeldutt'' seu ''Kumbarg'')</small> * [[Moormerland]] * [[Moorweg]] * [[Moringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Müden (Alara)]] * [[Mulsum (Land Wursten)|Mulsum]] * [[Mundia Hannoverana]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Munimeri]]<ref name="Dronke 1844">Dronke, E. F. J. (Ed.) (1844). ''Traditiones et Antiquitates Fuldenses: Chartae et registra historica saeculi IX''. Fuldense: Typis Müllerianis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Münder am Deister''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Münner'')</small> * [[Munster (Örtze)|Munster]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === N === {{div col|3}} * [[Nahrendorf]] * [[Natendorf]] * [[Neetze]] * [[Negenborn]] * [[Nenndorf (circulus Widmundensis)|Nenndorf]] * [[Neubörger]] * [[Neu Darchau]] * [[Neuenhaus]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Altes Land)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Altes Land)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (bei Bassum)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(b.Bassum)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Land Hadeln)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Land Hadeln)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Landkreis Osnabrück)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Lkr.Osnabrück)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Lüneburger Heide)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Lüneb.Heide)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen-Vörden]] * [[Neuharlingersiel]] * [[Neuhaus (Oste)]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Neuhof (Landkreis Hildesheim)|Neuhof]] * [[Neukamperfehn]] * [[Neulehe]] * [[Neuschoo]] * [[Neustadt am Rübenberge]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Neu Wulmstorf]] * [[Niederlangen]] * [[Niedernwöhren]] * [[Niemetal]] * [[Nienhagen (Landkreis Celle)|Nienhagen]] * [[Nienstädt]] * [[Norden]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Nordenham]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Norderney]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Nordholz]] * [[Nordleda]] * [[Nordsehl]] * [[Nordstemmen]] * [[Nörten-Hardenberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Northemium]]<ref name="Nothemium">Vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Northeim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nuurten'')</small> * [[Northorna]]<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nordhorn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nothoorn'' seu ''Notthoarn'' seu ''Netthoarn'' seu ''Noordhoorn'')</small> * [[Nortmoor]] * [[Nortrup]] * [[Nottensdorf]] * [[Nova Urbs (Saxonia Inferior)|Nova Urbs]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nienburg/Weser''; [[Saxonice]] ''Näinborg'' seu ''Nienborg'' seu ''Neenborg'' seu ''Negenborg'')</small> * [[Novale Frigidum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Colnrade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kollenroad'')</small> {{div col end}} === O === {{div col|3}} * [[Oberlangen]] * [[Oberndorf (Oste)|Oberndorf]] * [[Obernfeld]] * [[Obernholz]] * [[Obernkirchen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ochtersum]] * [[Odisheim]] * [[Oederquart]] * [[Oerel]] * [[Oetzen]] * [[Ohne]] * [[Ohrum]] * [[Oldenburgum]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Oldendorf (Landkreis Stade)|Oldendorf]] <small>(Lkr.Stade)</small> * [[Oldendorf (Luhe)]] * [[Osloß]] * [[Osnabruga]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Osnabrück''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ossenbrääch''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Lingua Saxonica|Westfalice]] ''Ossenbrügge'')</small> * [[Osteel]] * [[Osten (Oste)|Osten]] * [[Osterbruch]] * [[Ostercappeln]] * [[Ostereistedt]] * [[Osterode am Harz]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Osterwald]] * [[Ostrhauderfehn]] * [[Ottenstein (Niedersachsen)|Ottenstein]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Otter]] * [[Otterndorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ottersberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Ovelgönne]] * [[Ovenhagium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Auhagen'')</small> * [[Oyten]] {{div col end}} === P === {{div col|3}} * [[Padingbüttel]] * [[Papenburg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Parsau]] * [[Pattensen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Pegestorf]] * [[Pennigsehl]] * [[Petrimons]]<ref name="Perizonius 1758">Perizonius, J. (1758). ''Compendium historiarum antiquissimarum, civilium et ecclesiasticarum, usque ad seculum decimum octavum: Cum appendice de ducatu Westphaliae et comitatu Petrimontano''. Ex officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Pyrmont''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Puurmont'')</small> * [[Pohle]] * [[Pollhagen]] * [[Pons Cobbanus]]<ref name="Leuckfeld 1714">Leuckfeld, J. G. (1714). ''Antiquitates Blankenburgenses, oder Historische Beschreibung derer vormals berühmten Grafen von Blankenburg, nebst dazugehörigen diplomatibus und Chartis''. Gottfried Freytag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Coppenbrügge'')</small> * [[Poynum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Peine''; [[Saxonice]] ''Paane''; [[Lingua Theodisca alta recens|Protoneoaltotheodisce]] ''Peina'')</small> * [[Praefectura Neohusana]]<ref name="Grupen II 1742">Grupen, C. U. (1742). ''Disceptationes Forenses cum Observationibus Juris: De originibus et iurisdictione praefecturarum ditionis Brunsvicensis (Caput de Praefectura Neohusana)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae: Förster.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amt Neuhaus'')</small> * [[Pratum Vitulorum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Calberlah'')</small> * [[Prezelle]] * [[Prinzhöfte]] {{div col end}} === Q === {{div col|3}} * [[Quakenbrück]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Quendorf]] * [[Querenhorst]] * [[Quernheim]] {{div col end}} === R === {{div col|3}} * [[Räbke]] * [[Radbruch]] * [[Raddestorf]] * [[Rastdorf]] * [[Rastede]] * [[Rätzlingen (Niedersachsen)|Rätzlingen]] * [[Rechtsupweg]] * [[Reeßum]] * [[Regesbostel]] * [[Rehburg-Loccum]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rehden]] * [[Rehlingen]] * [[Reinstorf]] * [[Remlingen (Niedersachsen)|Remlingen]] * [[Renkenberge]] * [[Rennau]] * [[Reppenstedt]] * [[Rethem (Aller)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rhade]] * [[Rhauderfehn]] * [[Rhede (Ems)]] * [[Rhumspringe]] * [[Ribbesbüttel]] * [[Riede (Landkreis Verden)|Riede]] * [[Rieste]] * [[Ringe]] * [[Ringstedt]] * [[Rinteln]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Ritterhude]] * [[Rodenberg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rodewald]] * [[Rohrsen]] * [[Roklum]] * [[Rollshausen]] * [[Römstedt]] * [[Ronnenberg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Rosche]] * [[Rosdorf]] * [[Rosengarten (Landkreis Harburg)|Rosengarten]] * [[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]<ref name="Rotenburgum ad Wemmam">De Latino toponymico syntagmate "[[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]" -ad quod Latinum gentilicium "Rotenburgensis-e" refertur-, vide homonymas urbes apud {{Graesse}} et {{Hofmannus}}. De hydronymo "[[Wemma]]", etiam vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Rotenburg''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Rotenburg an der Wümme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rodenborg'')</small> * [[Rötgesbüttel]] * [[Rüdershausen]] * [[Rühen]] * [[Rullstorf]] {{div col end}} === S === {{div col|3}} * [[Sachsenhagen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sagterlandia]]<ref name="BOV 2013">Bischöfliches Offizialat Vechta (2013). ''Findbuch des Offizialatsarchivs Vechta: Altes Archiv (Abteilung A: Saterlandia, Kirchliche Unterlagen, Akte A 8: „Informatio de Sagterlandia“ aus dem Jahre 1710)''. Vechtae, in Germania: Bischöfliches Offizialat.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Saterland''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Sagterland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Seelterlound'')</small> * [[Salis Cancellum]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Salzgitter''; [[Saxonice]] ''Soltgitter'')</small> * [[Salzbergen]] * [[Salzdetfordium]]<ref name="Marcard 1805"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Salzdetfurth'')</small> * [[Salzhausen]] * [[Salzhemmendorf]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Samern]] * [[Sandbostel]] * [[Sande (Frisia)|Sande]] * [[Sarstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sassenburg]] * [[Sathsa]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Sachsa'')</small> * [[Sauensiek]] * [[Schapen]] * [[Scharnebeck]] * [[Scheden]] * [[Scheeßel]] * [[Schellerten]] * [[Schiffdorf]] * [[Schladen-Werla]] * [[Schnackenburg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schnega]] * [[Schneverdingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Scholen]] * [[Schönewörde]] * [[Schöningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schöppenstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schortens]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Schüttorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schwaförden]] * [[Schwanewede]] * [[Schwarme]] * [[Schwarmstedt]] * [[Schweindorf]] * [[Schweringen]] * [[Schwerinsdorf]] * [[Schwienau]] * [[Schwülper]] * [[Seeburg (Niedersachsen)|Seeburg]] * [[Seedorf (bei Zeven)|Seedorf]] * [[Seelze]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seesen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seevetal]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Seggebruch]] * [[Sehlde]] * [[Sehlem (Niedersachsen)|Sehlem]] * [[Sehnde]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Selsingen]] * [[Semmenstedt]] * [[Seulingen]] * [[Sibbesse]] * [[Sickte]] * [[Siedenburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Sittensen]] * [[Soderstorf]] * [[Sögel]] * [[Söhlde]] * [[Söllingen (Niedersachsen)|Söllingen]] * [[Soltau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Soltendieck]] * [[Sottrum]] * [[Spahnharrenstätte]] * [[Spelle]] * [[Spiekeroog]] * [[Sprakensehl]] * [[Springe]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Stadae]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Stood'')</small> * [[Stadlandia]]<ref>Ioannes Iustus Wynkelman, [https://books.google.com/books?id=WvgaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA617&lpg=PA617&dq=statlandia+saxonia&source=bl&ots=Ysl9JI4L06&sig=2y6x3I38sU3-RcrP0HtnSkUxssI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCwQ6AEwA2oVChMIwqiv-NWMxgIVQgmSCh2CZwDj#v=onepage&q=statlandia%20saxonia&f=false ''Notitia historico-politica veteris Saxo-Westphaliae finitimarumque regionum,''] 1667:277.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Stadland'')</small> * [[Staffhorst]] * [[Staufenberg]] * [[Stavern]] * [[Stedesdorf]] * [[Steimbke]] * [[Steinau (Niedersachsen)|Steinau]] * [[Steinfeld (Oldenburg)]] * [[Steinhorst (Niedersachsen)|Steinhorst]] * [[Steinkirchen (Altes Land)|Steinkirchen]] * [[Stelle]] * [[Stemmen (Landkreis Rotenburg)|Stemmen]] * [[Stemshorn]] * [[Steyerberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Stinstedt]] * [[Stöckse]] * [[Stoetze]] * [[Stolzenau]] * [[Stuhr]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Südbrookmerland]] * [[Suderburg]] * [[Südergellersen]] * [[Südheide]] * [[Sudwalde]] * [[Suhlendorf]] * [[Sulingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Süpplingen]] * [[Süpplingenburg]] * [[Süstedt]] * [[Sustrum]] * [[Surwold]] * [[Suthfeld]] * [[Syke]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === T === {{div col|3}} * [[Tappenbeck]] * [[Tarmstedt]] * [[Tespe]] * [[Teuderium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'')</small> * [[Thransfellensis Ecclesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dransfeld'')</small> * [[Thedinghausen]] * [[Theodolfestorpum]]<ref name="Asseburg 1855">Asseburg, J. von der. (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des Geschlechts von der Asseburg (Vol. 1)''. Hahnschen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dedelstorf'')</small> * [[Thomasburg]] * [[Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardDorfinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20160831-7111.htm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Dörpen''', 9. Jh., bei Aschendorf nördlich Meppens, F2-1090 THURP (Dorf) Dorfa (7), Thorpum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen'')</small> * [[Thuine]] * [[Tiddische]] * [[Tiste]] * [[Toppenstedt]] * [[Tostedt]] * [[Tosterglope]] * [[Trebel]] * [[Triburi]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drebber'')</small> * [[Tülau]] * [[Twieflingen]] * [[Twist (Emsland)|Twist]] * [[Twistringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === U === {{div col|3}} * [[Uchte]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Uehrde]] * [[Uelsen]] * [[Uetze]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Ulsena]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Uelzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ülz’n'')</small> * [[Ummern]] * [[Undeloh]] * [[Upgant-Schott]] * [[Uplengen]] * [[Uslar]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Utarp]] {{div col end}} === V === {{div col|3}} * [[Vahlberg]] * [[Vahlbruch]] * [[Vahlde]] * [[Vallis Ambrae]]<ref name="Ambra">Latino de toponymo "Ambra" (Theodisce ''Emmer''), vide {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Vallis">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Tal?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum vocabulum ''T(h)al'' aut Theodiscum suffixum ''-t(h)al'' Latino vocabulo "vallis-is"] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmerthal''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emmerdaal'')</small> * [[Vallis Augae]]<ref name="SLH 1988">Societas Latina Hannoverana (1988). ''Fasciculi geographici et historici: De parvis provinciis ditionis Hannoveranae et Schaumburgensis''. Hannoverae: Typis Exscripsit Libraria Scripturarum.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Auetal'')</small> * [[Vallis Claustra-Cella]]<ref name="Conring 1730">Conring, H. (1730). ''De Antiquitatibus Academicis Dissertationes Septem''. Officina Smeinkiana.</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clausthal-Zellerfeld''; [[Supraharthice]] ''Clasthol-Zallerfall'')</small> * [[Varel]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Varrel]] * [[Vastorf]] * [[Vechelde]] * [[Velpke]] * [[Veltheim (Ohe)]] * [[Vetha]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Vechta''; [[Saxonice]] ''Vechte'')</small> * [[Vicus Adelaidis]]<ref name="ALF 2016">Academia Latinitati Fovendae (2016). ''Commentarii Academiae Latinitati Fovendae: De novis parochiis et communibus Saxoniae Inferioris textus'' (Vol. XXIV). Romae: Herder.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelheidsdorf'')</small> * [[Vierden]] * [[Vierhöfen]] * [[Vildhusia]]<ref name="Hofmannus"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wildeshausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wilshusen'')</small> * [[Villa Cremilonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cremlingen'')</small> * [[Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/schneverdingen-peter-und-paul/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Schneverdingen, Peter und Paul''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''capella in honorem sancti Anthonii in villa Vintlo parrochie Snewerdinge'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'')</small> * [[Visbek]] * [[Visselhövede]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Vögelsen]] * [[Vollersode]] * [[Voltlage]] * [[Vorda Bremensis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'')</small> * [[Vordorf]] * [[Vorwerk (Niedersachsen)|Vorwerk]] * [[Vrees]] {{div col end}} === W === {{div col|3}} * [[Waake]] * [[Waddeweitz]] * [[Wagenfeld]] * [[Wagenhoff]] * [[Wahrenholz]] * [[Walchum]] * [[Walkenried]] * [[Wallenhorst]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wallmoden]] * [[Walsrode]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wangelnstedt]] * [[Wangerland]] * [[Wangerooge]] * [[Wanna]] * [[Warberg]] * [[Wardenburg]] * [[Warmsen]] * [[Warpe]] * [[Wasbüttel]] * [[Wathlingen]] * [[Wedemark]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Weener]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Weenzen]] * [[Wehrbleck]] * [[Welle]] * [[Wendeburg]] * [[Wendisch Evern]] * [[Wennigsen]] * [[Wenzendorf]] * [[Werdum]] * [[Werlte]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Werpeloh]] * [[Wesendorf]] * [[Weste (Niedersachsen)|Weste]] * [[Westergellersen]] * [[Westerholt]] * [[Westertimke]] * [[Westerwalsede]] * [[Westfeld (Niedersachsen)|Westfeld]] * [[Westoverledingen]] * [[Wetschen]] * [[Wettrup]] * [[Weyhausen]] * [[Weyhe]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wieda]] * [[Wiedensahl]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Wiefelstede]] * [[Wielen]] * [[Wienhausen]] * [[Wiesmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wietmarschen]] * [[Wietze]] * [[Wietzen]] * [[Wietzendorf]] * [[Wilhelmshaven]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wilstedt]] * [[Wilsum]] * [[Wingst]] * [[Winkelsett]] * [[Winnigstedt]] * [[Winsen (Aller)]] * [[Winsenia]]<ref name="Büttner">Büttner, D. S. (1710). ''Rudera Diluvii Testes, i.e. Zeichnung und Abbildung derer Columnarum Sceletonum''. Gottfried Zimmermann.</ref> <small>(ad [[Luya]]m<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Winsen'')</small> * [[Winzenburg]] * [[Wippingen]] * [[Wirdum]] * [[Wischhafen]] * [[Wistedt]] * [[Witmundia]]<ref>E.g., [[Ioannes Luyts|Ioannis Luyts]] ''Introductio ad Geographiam novam et veterem'', Ultraiecti 1692, [https://books.google.fr/books?id=_o0YP3-9VTMC&pg=PA281&dq=Witmundia&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjShLT7vdDrAhVJw4sKHZLLCokQ6AEwAnoECAMQAg#v=onepage&q=Witmundia&f=false p. 281].</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wittmund'')</small> * [[Wittingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wittmar]] * [[Wittorf]] * [[Wohnste]] * [[Wolfsburgum]]<ref>Vide nomini arcis: Samuel Pufendorfus, ''Commentariorum de rebus Suecicis libri XXVI'' {{Google Books|lV1PAAAAcAAJ|pag. 457 et 475}}, ''Nova Acta Eruditorum'' {{Google Books|eGFlITDJFSMC|pag. 487}}, Lipsiae, anno 1756, ac ''Itininerarium Thomae Carve, Tipperariensis'' ([https://archive.org/details/itinerariumthom00kerngoog/page/n182 pag. 108]).</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> </small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wolfsburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfsborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfsbuurich'')</small> * [[Wollbrandshausen]] * [[Wollershausen]] * [[Wölpinghausen]] * [[Wolsdorf]] * [[Woltersdorf (Wendland)|Woltersdorf]] * [[Woltershausen]] * [[Worpswede]] * [[Wremen]] * [[Wrestedt]] * [[Wriedel]] * [[Wulfsen]] * [[Wulften ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Wunstorf]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wurster Nordseeküste]] * [[Wustrow (Saxonia Inferior)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === Z === {{div col|3}} * [[Zernien]] * [[Zetel]] * [[Zeven]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Zorge]] {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris|!]] kqn48tt07637mozsysgas6noscw3edu 3981931 3981790 2026-08-18T00:47:31Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981931 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in Lower Saxony.svg|thumb|500px|Urbes et communia Saxoniae Inferioris.]] '''Index urbium, oppidorum et communium in [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxonia Inferiore]]''' omnia [[commune|communia]] (Theodisce ''Gemeinden''), consociationes communium (Theodisce ''Gemeindeverbände'') atque loca nulli communium adscripta (Theodisce ''gemeindefreien Gebiete''), quae hodie in [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terra]] [[Germania|Germanica]] [[Saxonia Inferior]]e exstant, complectitur. Postremae mutationes finium territorialium in Saxonia Inferiore [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2021]] effectae sunt. Ex eo tempore [[Saxonia Inferior]] 939 communium et 25 loca nulli communi adscripta (quorum duo habitantur) habet. Quibus e communibus 159 titulo [[urbs|urbis]] (Theodisce ''Stadt'') et 49 titulo [[oppidum|oppidi]] (Theodisce ''Flecken'') utuntur. Praeterea nonnullae proprietates exstant secundum communium administrationem: Nam 939 communia in 289 communia unitaria et 650 communia membra dividuntur; quae vero in universum 114 consociationes communium constituunt, ut munera communiter administrent. Hae consociationes communium ipsa communia non sunt, sed foedera cooperationis, quae aut ex regione aut ex communitate in qua sedes administrationis sita est nomen accipiunt. Quapropter in Saxonia Inferiore idem nomen tam communi quam consociationi communium tribui potest. Agitur tamen de duobus corporibus iuridicis distinctis, quae proprias repraesentationes atque propria munera habent. Praeterea, propter magnitudinem suam, nonnullae communium et consociationes communium peculiarem rationem cum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo terrae]] (Theodisce ''Landkreis'') habent: * Decem urbes statum iuridicum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli urbani]] (Theodisce ''kreisfreien Stadt'') obtinent, nulli circulo terrae subiiciuntur atque omnia sua munera exercent. * Septem urbes statum iuridicum urbis magnae sui iuris (Theodisce ''Große selbständige Stadt'') obtinent atque multa, sed non omnia, munera circuli terrae cui adscribuntur exercent. * 61 communium et tria communia generalia (Theodisce ''Samtgemeinden'') statum iuridicum communis sui iuris (Theodisce ''Selbständige Gemeinde'') obtinent atque quaedam munera districtus cui adscribuntur exercent. * 861 ceterae communium nullam peculiarem rationem cum circulo terrae cui adscribuntur habent. === A === {{div col|3}} * [[Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Obbens'')</small> * [[Acheimum]]<ref name="Grote III 1877">Grote, H. (1877). ''Münzstudien: Geschichte der älteren Münzen und Urkunden des Bisthums Verden'' (Vol. VIII). Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Achim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Achem'')</small> * [[Achestedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Axstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ax'')</small> * [[Adelebsenum]]<ref name="Funck 1736">Funck, J. N. (1736). ''Disputatio Academica de Voluntaria Morte Judaeorum et Gentilium sub Praesidio S. R. I. Libero Baroni de Adelebsen Dedicata''. Rintelii: Typis Johannis Friderici Enax.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelebsen'')</small> * [[Adenebutla]]<ref name="Pischke 1998">Pischke, G. (Ed.) (1998). ''Das Lehnsregister der Edelherren von Meinersen: Edition und historische Untersuchung der mittelalterlichen Besitzurkunden'' (Documentum anni MCCXX). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Adenbüttel'')</small> * [[Adenhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703">Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis: De ecclesiis parochialibus et ditione antiqua oppidi Adenhusii''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahnsen'')</small> * [[Adenthorpium]]<ref name="Höhbaum 1876">Höhbaum, K. (Ed.) (1876). ''Hansisches Urkundenbuch: Monumenta Germaniae Historica e codicibus diplomaticis Bremensibus et Luneburgensibus'' (Vol. I). Halis Saxonum: Typis Orphanotrophei.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Adendörp'')</small> * [[Aesdorpe]]<ref name="Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv">Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv. (s. d.). ''Guts- und Familienarchiv von Freytag zu Estorf''. Arcinsys Niedersachsen, Bestand NLA HA Dep. 138.</ref> <small>(ad [[Visurgis|Visurgem]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Affinghusia]]<ref name="Rathlef 1766">Rathlef, E. L. (1766). ''Geschichte der Grafschaften Hoya und Diepholz: Monimenta diplomatica et antiquitates ditionis Affinghusiae'' (Vol. I). Bremae: Försterischen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Affinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Affinghusen'' seu ''Affjehusen'')</small> * [[Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] ''Stadtoldendorf'') * [[Alrebekesa]]<ref name="Oven 1872">Oven, A. von (Ed.) (1872). ''Urkundenbuch des Herzogthums Lüneburg: Diplomata, chartae et registra historica saeculi XII (Documentum anni MCXCVII de venditione praedii Alrebekesae)'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Carl Rümpler.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahnsbeck'')</small> * [[Ahusium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ahusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Parochiarum ditionis Corbeiensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahusen'')</small> * [[Alfelda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Allefelle'')</small> * [[Alfhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfhausen'')</small> * [[Algermissenum]]<ref name="Hoogeweg III 1903">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1903). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et privilegia de Algermisseno)'' (Vol. III). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Algermissen'')</small> * [[Alisni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elsfleth'')</small> * [[Almstedium]]<ref name="Hoogeweg II 1901">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1901). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et registra de Almstedio)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Almstedt'')</small> * [[Alorstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1758">Pratje, J. H. (1758). ''Historische Nachrichten von dem ehemaligen berühmten Closter Harsefeld: Monumenta ac documenta saeculi XII ubi de decimis Alorstedii agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahlerstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohlers'')</small> * [[Alvstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfs'' seu ''Alfst'')</small> * [[Amelinghusium]]<ref name="Baring 1746">Baring, E. (1746). ''Succincta Hannoverae et ditionum vicinarum Notitia Historica''. Hanoverae: Typis Nicolae Försteri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amelinghausen''; [[lingua Saxonica|Boreosaxonice]] ''Amekhusen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Amelkusen'')</small> * [[Anchemium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ankum'')</small> * [[Andervenia]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Andervenne'')</small> * [[Andorlangia]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Anderlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Annerlingen'')</small> * [[Antiqua Medingha]]<ref name="Homeyer X 2006">Homeyer, J. (Ed.) (2006). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Medingen: Lüneburger Urkundenbuch (Monimenta historica saeculi XIV de parochia Medinghae) (Vol. X)''. Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Altenmedingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohmein'')</small> * [[Apenum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aap'')</small> * [[Apleremum]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apelern'')</small> * [[Appelium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Appel'')</small> * [[Aquae Lauterbergenses in Montibus Harthicis]]<ref name="Mirus 1826">Mirus, A. (1826). ''De salubritate aquarum lauterbergensium in montibus harthicis sitarum''. Typis Regiis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Lauterberg im Harz'')</small> * [[Aquae Nendorpenses]]<ref name="Marcard 1805">Marcard, H. M. (1805). ''De salubritate aquarum nendorpensium et de earum usu in morbis chronicis''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich; et: Macard, H. M. (1805). ''De usu salutari fontium salinorum in territorio Hildesiensi sitorum''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Nenndorf'')</small> * [[Aquae Zwischenahnenses]]<ref name="Statisitakamt Nord 2025">Statistikamt Nord (Editio Latina). ''Catalogus Urbium et Communium Germaniae''. Hamburgi, 2025.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Zwischenahn''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Twiskenoan'' seu ''Boad Twiskenoan''; [[Saxonice]] ''Twüschenahn'')</small> * [[Aroldishusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Arholzen'')</small> * [[Artlenburgum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Artlenburg'')</small> * [[Artlissa]]<ref name="Mader 1664">Mader, J. J. (1664). ''Antiquitates Brunsvicenses: De antiquis parochiis Saxonum et finibus dioecesis Mindensis (Caput de parochia Artlissa)''. Helmestadii: Typis Henningi Mulleri.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Aerzen'': quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Ärzen'')</small> * [[Arx Agathae]]<ref name="Kochen 1724">Kochen, J. H. (1724). ''Introductio in Historiam Ducatus Bremensis y Verdensis: Accesserunt diplomata varia et descriptio Arcis Agathae et ditionis Stadiensis''. Stadae: Typis Caspari Holmii.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Agathenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gothenborg'')</small> * [[Arx Draconis]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drakenburg'')</small> * [[Ascalingium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlden'')</small> * [[Asanthorpium]]<ref name="Vogell 1856">Vogell, A. (Ed.) (1856). ''Urkundenbuch des Bisthums Verden und des Collegiatstifts Bardewick: Chartae, diplomata et monumenta historica saeculi XIII...''. Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Harburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Harburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Harburgum]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Harburgensis-e" refertur-.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Asenthorpium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1855). ''Hoyer Urkundenbuch'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Jänecke Verlag.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Diepholtia|Circulo terrae Diepholtia]]<ref name="Landkreis Diepholz">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Diepholtia" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Diepholz'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Diepholtia]]", vide {{Hofmannus}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Assena]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892">Philippi, F., & Bär, M. (Eds.) (1892). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Die Urkunden der Jahre 772-1200'' (Vol. 1). Verein für Geschichte und Landeskunde von Osnabrück.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Essen'')</small> * [[Assini]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Essen'')</small> * [[Astanholteremarki-Scirnbeki]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Osterholz-Scharmbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Oosterholt-Scharmbeek'')</small> * [[Asylum (Saxonia Inferior)|Asylum]]<ref name="Asylum">Theodiscum nomen ''Freistatt'', quod ''Freistätte, Zufluchtsort, Asyl'' significat, Latine "asylum" reddi potest. Nam in ''Deutsches Wörterbuch'' de Weigand et Hirt vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' explicatur ut «Freistatt» et ipsa vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' e Latino "asylum" orta esse dicitur. Praeterea lexicon Germanico-Latinum, quod in traditione lexicographica Georgii continetur, directe tradit: ''Freistatt, -stätte'', "asylum'". Itaque "Asylum" non est forma ficticia neque mera translatio nostra, sed aequivalentia lexicographice comprobata.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freistatt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freestatt'')</small> * [[Aszi]]<ref name="Hermann">Hermann Abels: ''Die Ortsnamen des Emslandes in ihrer sprachlichen und kulturgeschichtlichen Bedeutung''. S. 27f.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Aulica]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elze'')</small> * [[Auricum (Saxonia Inferior)|Auricum]]<ref name="Emmius 1616">Emmius, U. (1616). ''Rerum Frisicarum Historia''. [[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]: Elzevier.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Aurich''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Aurk''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Auerk'')</small> {{div col end}} === B === {{div col|3}} * [[Badberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Badbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Badbern'')</small> * [[Baddekenstedium]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel & Ohainski X 2018">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Ohainski, U. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil X)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Baddeckenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barkenstäe'')</small> * [[Balga]]<ref name="Udolph 1994">Udolph, J. (1994). ''Namenkundliche Studien zum Germanenproblem'' (Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Ergänzungsbände 9). Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Balje'')</small> * [[Balga Cortis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Balge'')</small> * [[Baltrumum]]<ref name="Wiarda III 1792">Wiarda, T. D. (1792). ''Ostfriesische Geschichte: Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1648'' (Vol. 3). August Friedrich Winter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Baltrum'')</small> * [[Bamwida]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bohmte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baumte'')</small> * [[Bardenuvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bardowick''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bewick'')</small> * [[Bardorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859">Sudendorf, H. (Ed.) (1859). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande'' (Vol. 1). Carl Rümpler Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrdorf'')</small> * [[Barenburgum]]<ref name="Kolb 1712">Kolb, G. (1712). ''Compendium totius orbis: partim geographicum, partim historicum, partim genealogicum''. Typis Universitatis Carolo-Francisceae</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnborg'')</small> * [[Bargstedum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764">Mushard, M. (1764). ''Palaeogentilismus Bremensis: Monumenta ac veterum tumuli in ducatibus Bremensi et Verdensi''. Typis Andreae Vandenhoeck.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bargstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargst'' seu ''Bars'')</small> * [[Barnstedum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702">Bünting, H., & Letzner, J. (1702). ''Braunschweig-Lüneburgische Chronica, Oder Historische Beschreibung der Durchlauchtigsten Herzogen zu Braunschweig und Lüneburg''. Gedruckt bey Caspar Johann Jakobi.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barnstedt'')</small> * [[Barnstorfium]]<ref name="Böhmer 2007">Böhmer, J. F. (2007). ''Regesta Imperii III: Salisches Haus 1024–1125. Die Regesten des Kaiserreiches unter Heinrich IV'' (T. Struve, Ed.). Böhlau Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnstrup'')</small> * [[Barsela]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barßel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bäärsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassel'')</small> * [[Barsingehusa]]<ref name="Harenberg 1753">Harenberg, J. C. (1753). ''Historia ecclesiae Gandershemensis diplomatica''. Typis et Impensis Joannis Christophori Meisneri.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barsinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baschehusen'' seu ''Basche'')</small> * [[Barum (Luneburgum)|Barum]]<ref name="Mindermann I II 2004">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2004). ''Verdener Urkundenbuch, 1. Abteilung, Band 2: 1300–1380''. Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Luneburgensis|Circulo Luneburgensi]]<ref name="Landreis Lüneburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Luneburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landreis Lüneburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Luneburgensis-e" ad [[Luneburgum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boorn'')</small> * [[Barum (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Barum]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010">Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (2010). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'' (K. Casemir, F. Menzel, & U. Ohainski, Eds.). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Ulsenensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Uelzen'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Ulsenensis-e" ad [[Ulsena]]m refertur. Quo de gentilicio, vide lemma "res-publica Ulsenensis" apud {{Google Books|w_tWAAAAcAAJ|vide paginam dedicationis operis}}"; et de topnymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bourm'')</small> * [[Barunvilla]]<ref name="SdaedhdlM 1862">Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle (1862). ''Mémoires de la Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle: Année 1860–1861''. Rousseau-Pallez.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borendörp'')</small> * [[Barverum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844">Böhmer, J. F. (1844). ''Regesta Chronologico-Diplomatica Regum et Imperatorum Romanorum: Inde a Conrado I. Usque ad Henricum VII''. Typis et Sumtibus J. C. Hermann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barver'')</small> * [[Barwedelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barwedel'')</small> * [[Basdalum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Basdahl''; [[Saxonice]] ''Basdaal'' seu ''Basdohl'')</small> * [[Bawinkelum]]<ref name="Moser 1738">Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bawinkel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bowinkel'')</small> * [[Bebenhusa (Saxonia Inferior)|Bebenhusa]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt 2010">Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.) (2010). ''Regnum Francorum Online: Traditio Fuldenses''. Francia-Ahlfeldt Project.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bevensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bämsen'' seu ''Bemsen'')</small> * [[Beckdorfium]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beekdörp'')</small> * [[Beckedorfium]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckedorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Biäkedörp'')</small> * [[Beckelnum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beckeln'')</small> * [[Bedenbostelum]]<ref name="NL 1924">Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv (1924). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte''. Veröffentlichungen de Historischen Kommission für Niedersachsen und Bremen.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beedenbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bedenbossel'')</small> * [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'')</small> * [[Belmum]]<ref name="Moser 1738"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Belm'')</small> * [[Belumum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Belum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Belen'')</small> * [[Bema (Saxonia Inferior)|Bema]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Böhme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhm'')</small> * [[Bendestorfium]]<ref name="Bührmann 2005">Bührmann, M. (2005). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen des norddeutschen Raumes''. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. </ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bendestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bendsdörp'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Cellensis)|Berga]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Cellensis|Circulo Cellensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Celle">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Cellensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Celle'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Cellensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargen'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Osnabrugae)|Berga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Osnabrugae|Circulo Osnabrugae]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Osnabrugae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Osnabrück'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum ''LandKreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Osnabruga|Osnabruga-ae]]", vide Pertsch, Erich: ''Langenscheidts Großes Schulwörterbuch Lateinisch-Deutsch'', Berolini et Monaci 1983, ISBN 3-468-07202-3, p. 1325.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Berge'')</small> * [[Berga ad Dumnam]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergen an der Dumme''; [[Polabice]] ''Djörska'')</small> * [[Bergenborstelium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrenborstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bornbössel'' seu ''Boornbössel'')</small> * [[Bergfelda]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergfeld''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bargfeld'')</small> * [[Bersenbrugum]]<ref name="Sandhoff 1785">Sandhoff, J. E. (1785). ''Antistitum Osnabrugensis ecclesiae, qui per decem saecula episcopale munus in ea gesserunt, chronotaxis''. Typis Joannis Georgii Kislingii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bersenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bessenbrügge'')</small> * [[Berumburgum]]<ref name="Emmius 1616"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berumbur'')</small> * [[Bestena]]<ref name="Jellinghaus 1923">Jellinghaus, H. (1923). ''Die westfälischen Ortsnamen nach ihren Bestandteilen''' (III ed.). Ferdinand Schöningh.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beesten'')</small> * [[Betzendorfum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Betzendorfum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bätzendörp'')</small> * [[Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'')</small> * [[Beverstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beverstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beverst'')</small> * [[Bienenbuttelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bienenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bienbüddel'')</small> * [[Bilshusa]]<ref name="Wolf 1819">Wolf, J. (1819). ''Politische Geschichte des Eichsfeldes mit Urkunden erläutert''. Johann Georg Rosenbusch.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bilshausen'')</small> * [[Binethemum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688">Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: I. Historicos Germanicos, II. Historiam Helmstadensem, III. Dissertationes de utriusque Saxoniae''. Typis Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii; et: Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: Dissertationen und historische Chroniken des Herzogtums Braunschweig-Lüneburg''. Typis Georgii Wolffii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bentheim'')</small> * [[Binnenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Binnen'')</small> * [[Bippenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bippen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bippen'')</small> * [[Birsina]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bassum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassen'')</small> * [[Bissendorpum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bissendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissendörp'')</small> * [[Blenderum]]<ref name="Brosius 1993">Brosius, D. (1993). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Loccum'' (Vol. 1). Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Blender''; [[Saxonice]] ''Blenner'')</small> * [[Bliederstorpum]]<ref name="Trüper 2017">Trüper, H. G. (2017). ''Urkundenbuch der Herren von Zesterfleth: 1232–1657''. Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bliedersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bliersdörp'')</small> * [[Bobentunum]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bovenden''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bovten'')</small> * [[Bocensis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bückeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bückeborg'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Heidensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Heidensis|Circulo Heidensi]]<ref name="Heidekreis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Heidensis" -Theodisce ''Heidekreis'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum suffixum ''-kreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum gentilicium "Heidensis-e" Theodiscum lexema ''Heide-'' vertit.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Theorosburgensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Theorosburgensis|Circulo Theorosburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Schaumburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Theorosburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Schaumburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino gentilicio "Theorosburgensis-e", quod ad [[Theorosburgum]] refertur, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukholt'')</small> * [[Bocholtum in Ericeto]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>[[urbs]] et commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz in der Nordheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Frisicus)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873">Ehmck, D. R., & von Bippen, W. (Ed.) (1873). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1300''. C. Schünemann.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Frisicus|Circulo Frisico]]<ref name="Landkreis Friesland">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Frisicus" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Friesland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Frisicus-a-um" ad [[Frisia (discretiva)|Frisiam]] refertur. Quod de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bockhorn'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Vetha)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Vetha|Circulo Vetha]]<ref name="Landkreis Vechta">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Vetha" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Vechta'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo).</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bakum'')</small> * [[Bochorstia]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bockhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukhast'')</small> * [[Bodendicum]]<ref name="Brosius 1985">Brosius, D. (1985). ''Aus der Geschichte der Burg Bodenteich''. Ecomed Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bodenteich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bonndiek'')</small> * [[Bodenfelda]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenfelde'')</small> * [[Bodensa]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph">Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodensee'')</small> * [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'')</small> * [[Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'')</small> * [[Boitersena]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bötersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boitzen'')</small> * [[Boitzia]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Boitze''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhtz'')</small> * [[Bokenstorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bokensdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokensdörp'')</small> * [[Bokenum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bockenem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokeln'')</small> * [[Borchwega]]<ref name="Rüther 1905">Rüther, H. (Ed.) (1905). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Neuenwalde''. Halle’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Burweg'')</small> * [[Borkna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Borkum''; [[lingua Frisica|Frisice]] ''Boarkum''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Börkum'')</small> * [[Borna Castra]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berne'')</small> * [[Borsla]]<ref name="Niemeyer 2012">Niemeyer, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. De Gruyter</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bösel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Böäsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bäsel'')</small> * [[Borstla]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1842">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1842). ''Diepholzer Urkundenbuch: Authentische Urkunden zur Geschichte der Grafschaft Diepholz''. [[Hannovera]]e: Hahn'schen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Borstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bössel'')</small> * [[Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel'')</small> * [[Brachia (Germania)|Brachia]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Brake''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braak'' seu ''Broak'')</small> * [[Braclina]]<ref name="Rübel 1881">Rübel, K. (Ed.) (1881). ''Dortmunder Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1340''. [[Isarlohia]]e: J. Baedeker.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brackel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braackel'')</small> * [[Bramascus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bramsche'')</small> * [[Breddenberga]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898">Wilmans, R., & Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.). (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden und angrenzender Gebiete''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Breddenberg'')</small> * [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde'')</small> * [[Bredthorpium]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Breddorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Breddörp'')</small> * [[Brestum (Saxonia Inferior)|Brestum]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brest'')</small> * [[Brincama]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878">Friedländer, E. (Ed.) (1878). ''Ostfriesisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. (Jahre 787–1470)''. [[Emda]]e: Haynel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brinkum'')</small> * [[Britlinga]]<ref name="Udolph 2004">Udolph, J. (2004). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala''. [[Gottinga]]e: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brietlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brietl'')</small> * [[Brochema]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Broubm'' seu ''Brookm'')</small> * [[Brocleda]]<ref name="Janicke 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1''. [[Lipsia]]e: S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bröckel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bräukel'')</small> * [[Broclina]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brookel'')</small> * [[Broma]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski 2014">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (Ed.). (2014). ''Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch: Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Gifhorn''. [[Bilivelda]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brome''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brom'')</small> * [[Brochusium-Vilsena]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/><ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bruchhausen-Vilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brooksen-Vilsen'')</small> * [[Brunsvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Braunschweig''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brunswiek''; [[lingua Saxonica|Brunsvicice]] dialectaliter ''Bronswiek'' seu ''Brönswiek'')</small> * [[Bukina]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bücken''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bücken'')</small> * [[Bulcova]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bülkau'')</small> * [[Bulsteda]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bülstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büls'')</small> * [[Brunla]]<ref name="Bode 1893">Bode, G. (Ed.) (1893). ''Urkundenbuch der Stadt Goslar und der in und bei Goslar belegenen geistlichen Stiftungen: Band 1 (922 bis 1250)''.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Braunlage'')</small> * [[Bunda]]<ref name="Deiter">Deiter, H. (1881). Oldeborchs, Pastoris zu Bunda in Reiderland, kleine ostfriesische Chronicke, betreffend die Jahre 1558 bis 1605. ''Jahrbuch de Gesellschaft für bildende Kunst und vaterländische Altertümer zu Emden''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bunde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bunn'')</small> * [[Burchardivillare]]<ref name="Janicke 1892">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1892). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1. Bis zum Jahre 1221''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Guelpherbytensis|Circulo Guelpherbytensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Wolfenbüttel">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Guelpherbytensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Wolfenbüttel'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Guelpherbytensis-e" ad [[Guelpherbytum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://vd18.gbv.de/viewer/fullscreen/006049869/1/ ''vd18.gbv.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) Pro eo ac debuisti, urbs aerumnosa, infelix ac misera Guelpherbytum (...)"; et quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/MBRY52X6EUWPQOQRFBKHVLYBSUG4M6LS ''Carmina Votiva Honori Clarißimi atq[ue] Experientißimi Viri Dn. Samuelis Stockhausen''], ubi dicitur "(...) Practici Guelpherbytensis (...)".</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'')</small> * [[Burgdorfium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Hannovera (regio)|Regione Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'' seu ''Bortörp'')</small> * [[Burgium (Saxonia Inferior)|Burgium]]<ref name="Remling VII 2026">Remling, L. (2026). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Emsland''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Börger''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borger'')</small> * [[Buria (Saxonia Inferior)|Buria]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bühren'')</small> * [[Bursina (Saxonia Inferior)|Bursina]]<ref name="Casemir 2003">Casemir, K. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil III)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Börßum'')</small> * [[Butiadinga]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen II 1876">Ehmck, D. R., & Bippen, W. von. (Ed.) (1876). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 2. 1301–1350''. D. Ed. Müller.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Butjadingen'')</small> * [[Buxtehuda]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1842">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1842). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buxtehude''; [[Saxonice]] ''Buxthu'')</small> * [[Byspinga]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1859). ''Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, Fünfte Abtheilung: Archiv des Klosters St. Michaelis zu Lüneburg''. Capaun-Karlowa’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bispingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissen'')</small> {{div col end}} === C === {{div col|3}} * [[Campus Rufus]]<ref name="Stüve 1789"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Rothenfelde'')</small> * [[Capella (Saxonia Inferior)|Capella]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894">Philippi, F. (Ed.) (1894). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Band 2. Die Urkunden der Jahre 1201–1250''. H. Th. Wenner.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cappeln'')</small> * [[Castrovallium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgwedel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borwee'' seu ''Boorwee'')</small> * [[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Celle'')</small> * [[Clenza]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 2. Von 1221 bis 1260''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clenze''; [[Polabice]] ''Kloncka'')</small> * [[Cloppenburgum]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cloppenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cloppenborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Kloppenbuurich'')</small> * [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') * [[Cramma]]<ref name="Casemir 2003"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cramme'')</small> * [[Cuxhavia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Cuxhaven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuxhoben'')</small> {{div col end}} === D === {{div col|3}} * [[Dalemia]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlem'')</small> * [[Dalenburgum]]<ref name="Rzihacek & Spreitzer XI 2024">Rzihacek, A., & Spreitzer, F. (Ed.) (2024). ''Die Urkunden Otto IV (Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Diplomata Regum et Imperatorum Germaniae, Tomus XI). Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlenborg'')</small> * [[Dalum]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Tahln'')</small> * [[Damma (Saxonia Inferior)|Damma]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Damme'')</small> * [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'')</small> * [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars'')</small> * [[Danthorpum]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel % Udolph VII 2011">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Udolph, J. (2011). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII''). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Danndorf'')</small> * [[Dassela]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dassel'')</small> * [[Dedenhusa]]<ref name="-husaDeensen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Dedehusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden (Veröffentlichungen del Institut für Historische Landesforschung der Universität Göttingen, Vol. 51)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Deensen'')</small> * [[Deinste]]<ref name="Vanni & Rossi 2012">Vanni, D., & Rossi, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Index Nominum Geographicorum Locorumque Mundi Latine Redditus''. Societas Latina.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deinst'')</small> * [[Deinstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deins'')</small> * [[Delmenhorstium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Delmenhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Demost'')</small> * [[Dengdia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Denkte'')</small> * [[Derental]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Derental'')</small> * [[Dersum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dersum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Derßm'')</small> * [[Dettum]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dettum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Detten'')</small> * [[Dicla]]<ref name="Mooyer 1855">Mooyer, E. F. (Ed.) (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des vormaligen Stiftes Minden''. J. C. C. Bruns.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dickel'')</small> * [[Didderse]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Didderse'' et [[Saxonice]] ''Deesse'')</small> * [[Diekholza]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diekholzen'')</small> * [[Dielmissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dielmissen'')</small> * [[Diepenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diepenau'')</small> * [[Diepholtia]]<ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Diepholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deefholt'')</small> * [[Dinklage]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dinklage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dinklaoge'')</small> * [[Disaldishusa]]<ref name="-husaDelligsen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Disaldishusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Reuter, A. (Ed.) (1950). ''1100 Jahre Delligsen: Geschichte der Hilsmulde und des Ortes Delligsen''. Verlag der Gemeinde Delligsen. </ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Delligsen'')</small> * [[Disna (Saxonia Inferior)|Disna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dissen am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Dohra (Terra Emesensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Terrae Emesensis|Terra Emesensi]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Terrae Altenburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Emsland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum "terra-ae" Theodiscum lexema ''-land'' vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Emesensis-e" ad flumen [[Amisia|Emesam]] refertur. De hoc hydronymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dohren '')</small> * [[Dohra (Circulus Harburgensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dohren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Duhrn'')</small> * [[Dolnere]]<ref name="Dolnere">Vide [https://adw-goe.de/fileadmin/forschungsprojekte/ortsnamen_rhein_elbe/dokumente/Publikationen_Udolph_PDF/2001-2005/315._Udolph_Anmerkungen_zum_Ortsnamen_Dollern.pdf ''Anmerkugen zum Ortsnamen Dollern''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1105 (Fälschung Mitte 12. Jh.) ''Dolnere'' (...) 1209 ''Johannes de dolnere'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dollern'')</small> * [[Doristacus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dorstadt'')</small> * [[Dornum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dornum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dornm'')</small> * [[Dorverda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dörverden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dörbern'' seu ''Dörb'' seu ''Dörveern'')</small> * [[Dotlinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dötlingen'')</small> * [[Drage (Albis)|Drage]]<ref name="Drage">'''Drage-es'''; declinatio regularis generis Graeci vel Latini in prima declinatione, aut ut nomen substantivum regulare primae declinationis in geographicis rationibus modernis tractatum. Quo de toponymo, vide: Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Draag'')</small> * [[Drentwede]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1842"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drentwede'')</small> * [[Drestadium]]<ref name="-stadt"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drestedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dreest'')</small> * [[Drochtersa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drochtersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Drochters'')</small> * [[Dudanebutli]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1841">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1841). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch (Band 1)''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Düdenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düünbeudel'')</small> * [[Duderstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Duderstadt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dustadt'')</small> * [[Dunsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dünsen'')</small> * [[Dunum (Saxonia Inferior)|Dunum]]<ref name="Houtrouw 1889">Houtrouw, O. G. (1889). ''Ostfriesland: Eine geschichtlich-ortskundige Wanderung gegen Ende der Fürstenzeit (Band 1)''. Dunkmann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dunum'')</small> * [[Duthungun]]<ref name="Udolph 2004"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Duingen''; [[Saxonice|Ostfalice]] ''Daujen'')</small> {{div col end}} === E === {{div col|3}} * [[Ebbestorpium]]<ref name="Jaitner 1985">Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ebstörp'')</small> * [[Ebersdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ebersdorfium]]<ref name="Ebersdorfium">Theodiscum toponymum ''Ebersdorf' in Latinam "Ebersdorfium" verti solet. V.gr. vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eversdörp'')</small> * [[Echemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Echem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Echen'')</small> * [[Edemissa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Edemissen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emisse'')</small> * [[Edestorpe]]<ref name="Minden 1902">Minden, G. von (Ed.) (1902). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe von Verden (Band 1)''. Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Egestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äästörp'')</small> * [[Edewechte]]<ref name="Berger 2012">Berger, D. (2012). ''Edewecht''. In ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Edewecht''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erwech''; historice ''Adewacht'')</small> * [[Eggermuhla]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eggermühlen'')</small> * [[Ehra-Lessia]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ehra-Lessien'')</small> * [[Eicklinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eicklingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eikeln'')</small> * [[Eildissum]]<ref name="Stumpf-Brentano II 1865">Stumpf-Brentano, K. F. (Ed.) (1865). ''Die Reichskanzler vornehmlich des X., XI. und XII. Jahrhunderts: Acta Imperii Selecta'' (Vol. 2). [[Aeni Pons (Austria)|Aeni Ponte]]: Wagner'schen Universitäts-Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Eilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlsen'')</small> * [[Eima]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'')</small> * [[Eime]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eime'')</small> * [[Eimke]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimke''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimk'')</small> * [[Ekelum]]<ref>Vide: Von Hodenberg, W. (Ed.) (1855). ''Walsroder Urkundenbuch (Urkunde Nr. 19)''. Hahnsche Hofbuchhandlung. Quo opere "proprietatem bonorum in Ekelo, que ab ecclesia Walsrodensi in feodum tenuit, pro quinquaginta marcis seriosius comparavit." dicitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eickeloh'')</small> * [[Elbingeroda]]<ref name="-roda"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbingerode'')</small> * [[Eldinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eldingen'')</small> * [[Elsdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Elsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Elsdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Elsdörp'')</small> * [[Elvede]]<ref name="Hoops 2003">Hoops, J. (Ed.) (2003). ''Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch III: Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''. Biliveldae: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbe'')</small> * [[Embeca]]<ref name="Embeca">"non ignobiles Saxoniae civitates, Embeca et Gottinga" {{Google Books|I7pXAAAAcAAJ|p. 734}}. Interdum "Embica", "Embecka" etc. reperis</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Einbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimbeck'')</small> * [[Embsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Embsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emsen'')</small> * [[Emda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Emden''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Oamde'')</small> * [[Emmelkampus]]<ref name="Emmelkampus">Vide [https://www.altreformiert.de/beuker/geschichte/grafschaft-bentheim/ERK-GRAFSCH_Classis_1625-1705_Prot_-_Plasger_2021_gjb.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Protokolle der Classis der reformierten Prediger der Grafschaft Bentheim 1625–1705''], ubi dicitur "(...) Domino Bernhardus Tinneken Pastorum Emmelkampum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emlichheim''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Batavice]] ''Emmelkamp'')</small> * [[Emmendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emdörp'')</small> * [[Emphstece]]<ref name="Emphstece">Vide [https://www.emstek.de/die-gemeinde/ortsteile/emstek?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''www.emstek.de'']; ubi dicitur "(...) Urkunde aus dem Jahre 947 als „Emphstece" (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Emstek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emstäk'')</small> * [[Emsbura]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emsbüren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büren'')</small> * [[Emtinghusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emtinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emhusen'')</small> * [[Engda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engn'')</small> * [[Engelschofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engelschoff''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engelschopp'')</small> * [[Erenburgum]]<ref name="Minden II 1902">Minden, G. von (Ed.) (1902). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe von Verden und Minden (Band 2)''. Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ehrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ehrenborg'')</small> * [[Erkeroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Erkerode''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erkero'')</small> * [[Ermelstorpium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Armstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Armsdörp'')</small> * [[Eschede]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eschede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Eschershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen'')</small> * [[Esdorpe]]<ref name="Lisch & Wigger">Lisch, G. C. F., & Wigger, F. (Ed.). (1878). ''Mecklenburgisches Urkundenbuch''.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Stadae|Circulo Stadae]]<ref name="Landkreis Stade">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Stadae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Stade'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Stadae]]", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Esena]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esens'')</small> * [[Essel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Essel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äsel'')</small> * [[Esterwega]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esterwegen''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Äästerweede'')</small> * [[Evergoteshemium]]<ref name="-hemiumEver">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Euergoteshem'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: H. Bresslau et. al.: ''Die Urkunden Heinrichs II. und Arduins''. In: Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Die Urkunden der deutschen Könige und Kaiser, Band 3. [[Hannovera]]e 1900–1903.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ebergötzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ewerchötzschen'')</small> * [[Everinga]]<ref name="-ingaEvern">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum mediaevali formae huius toponymi ''Everinge'' testatae applicatur. Quo de mediaevali toponymo, vide: Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (1998). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises und der Stadt Hannover (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil I)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deutsch Evern''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düütsch Äwern'')</small> * [[Eversmeer]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eversmeer'')</small> * [[Evessum]]<ref name="NOB 2004">Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (2004). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''' (NOB III). [[Gottinga]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Evessen'')</small> * [[Eydelstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eydelstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eidelstee'')</small> * [[Eyendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eyendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eyndörp'')</small> * [[Eystharpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eystrup'')</small> {{div col end}} === F === {{div col|3}} * [[Fallingbostela]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bad Fallingbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Fambossel'')</small> * [[Fardium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Verden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Veern'')</small> * [[Farva]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Farven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Farm'')</small> * [[Fassberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Faßberg'')</small> * [[Filsum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Filsum'')</small> * [[Firrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Firrel'')</small> * [[Florimontium (circulus Widmundensis)|Florimontium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Blomberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bloombarg'' seu ''Blombarg'')</small> * [[Flotide]]<ref name="Flotide">De nominibus "Flotide" {{caa|780|802}}, "Flathi" {{caa|1013}}, "Flatide" {{caa|1142}}, "Flothethe" {{caa|1187}}, "Vlothe" {{caa|1189}} et "Flotethe" {{caa|1194}}, vide: Udolph, Jürgen. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160729194352/https://www.ndr.de/ndr1niedersachsen/programm/Ortsnamen-Uebersicht-fuer-Buchstaben-F,ortsnamenforscher111.html ''Ortsnamenforscher'']. ''NDR 1 Niedersachsen''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Flöthe'')</small> * [[Frankenfelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Frankenfeld'')</small> * [[Freda]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freden'')</small> * [[Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-beck'' seu ''-beek'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-biki-orum", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Aesebiki]], [[Asbiki]], [[Beverbiki]], [[Gledabiki]], [[Goltbiki]], [[Sannanabiki]], [[Trobiki]], [[Walbeka|Walbiki]], [[Winesbiki]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek'')</small> * [[Frera]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Freren'')</small> * [[Fresenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fresenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fräsenborg'')</small> * [[Friburgum (Albis)|Friburgum]]<ref name="Friburgum">Theodiscum toponymum ''Freiburg'' Latino toponymo "Friburgum" verti solet. Cf. [[Friburgum Brisgoviae]] aut [[Friburgum Nuithonum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freiburg/Elbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fryborg'' seu ''Freiborg'')</small> * [[Friedeburg]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Friedlandia (Saxonia Inferior)|Friedland]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Friesoythe]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Fürstenau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Furstenberga]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> {{div col end}} === G === {{div col|3}} * [[Ganderkesee]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Gandershemium]]<ref>[http://books.google.fi/books?id=6kwBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA27&lpg=PA27&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=_NMr2DmhUK&sig=CXPUuuKZ8W03AC7uB3YlYYNscJ4&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false R. p. Hertenberger: ''Historia pragmatica universalis, sacra et profana''], p.27; [http://books.google.fi/books?id=yScyAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=ZoGX4tZRRD&sig=8fUZc6grFgYD0jN-twVcDyzarYI&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false ''Acta Sanctorum, Junii'' (1698-1717), cit. in ''A Companion to Hrotsvit of Gandersheim (fl. 960)''], p. 58 n.103.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Gandersheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ganderssen'')</small> * [[Gandesbergen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Garbsen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Garlstorf]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Garrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Garstedt]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Gartow]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Geeste]] * [[Geestland]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Gehrde]] * [[Gehrden]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Georgsdorf]] * [[Georgsmarienhütte]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Gerdau]] * [[Gersten]] * [[Getelo]] * [[Gevensleben]] * [[Gevera]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Jever'')</small> * [[Geversdorf]] * [[Gieboldehausen]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Giesen]] * [[Gifhorna]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Gifhorn'')</small> * [[Gilten]] * [[Glandorf]] * [[Gleichen]] * [[Gnarrenburg]] * [[Gödenstorf]] * [[Göhrde]] * [[Goldenstedt]] * [[Gölenkamp]] * [[Golmbach]] * [[Gorleben]] * [[Goslaria]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Goslar''; [[Saxonice]] ''Goslär'')</small> * [[Gottinga]]<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=kkM-AAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=gottingensis&lr=&cd=14#v=onepage&q=&f=false Libri Googles].</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Göttingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chöttingen'')</small> * [[Grafhorst]] * [[Grasberg]] * [[Grasleben]] * [[Grethem]] * [[Gronau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Groß Berßen]] * [[Großefehn]] * [[Großenkneten]] * [[Großenwörden]] * [[Großheide]] * [[Groß Ippener]] * [[Groß Meckelsen]] * [[Groß Oesingen]] * [[Groß Twülpstedt]] * [[Grundensis Civitas Metallica]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Grund'')</small> * [[Grünendeich]] * [[Guderhandviertel]] * [[Guelpherbytum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfenbüttel'')</small> * [[Gusborn]] * [[Gyhum]] {{div col end}} === H === {{div col|3}} * [[Hademstorf]] * [[Haga Schauenburgi]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stadthagen'')</small> * [[Hage]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Hagen am Teutoburger Wald]] * [[Hagen im Bremischen]] * [[Hagenburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Hagermarsch]] * [[Hahausen]] * [[Halbemond]] * [[Halle (comitatus Binethensis)|Halle]] <small>(b.Neuenhaus)</small> * [[Halle (Holtisminni)|Halle]] <small>(Montes Visurgis)</small> * [[Halvesbostel]] * [[Hamala]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hameln'')</small> * [[Hambergen]] * [[Hambühren]] * [[Hämelhausen]] * [[Hamersen]] * [[Hammah]] * [[Handeloh]] * [[Handorf]] * [[Handrup]] * [[Hankensbüttel]] * [[Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terrae foederalis]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hannover''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannober'')</small> * [[Hann. Münden]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Hanstedt (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Hanstedt]] <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen"/>)</small> * [[Hanstedt (Nordheide)|Hanstedt]] <small>(Nordheide)</small> * [[Harbarnsen]] * [[Hardegsen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Haren (Amisia)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Harmstorf]] * [[Harpstedt]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Harsefeld]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Harsum]] * [[Hartsburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Harzburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harzeborg'')</small> * [[Hasbergen]] * [[Haselünne]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Haßbergen]] * [[Hassel (Weser)]] * [[Hassendorf]] * [[Haste]] * [[Hatten]] * [[Hattorf ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Häuslingen]] * [[Haverlah]] * [[Hechthausen]] * [[Hedeper]] * [[Heede (Emsland)|Heede]] * [[Heemsen]] * [[Heere]] * [[Heeslingen]] * [[Heeßen]] * [[Hehlen]] * [[Heidenau (Saxonia Inferior)|Heidenau]] * [[Heinade]] * [[Heinbockel]] * [[Heiningen (Niedersachsen)|Heiningen]] * [[Heinsen]] * [[Hellwege]] * [[Helmstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Helmstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helmstidde'')</small> * [[Helpsen]] * [[Helvesiek]] * [[Hemmingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hemmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hemsbünde]] * [[Hemslingen]] * [[Hemsloh]] * [[Hepstedt]] * [[Herzberg am Harz]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Herzlake]] * [[Hesel]] * [[Hespe]] * [[Hessisch Oldendorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Heuerßen]] * [[Heyen]] * [[Hildesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hildesheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hilmessen'' seu ''Hilmssen'')</small> * [[Hilgermissen]] * [[Hilkenbrook]] * [[Hillerse]] * [[Hilter am Teutoburger Wald]] * [[Himbergen]] * [[Himmelpforten]] * [[Hinte]] * [[Hipstedt]] * [[Hittbergen]] * [[Hitzacker]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hodenhagen]] * [[Höhbeck]] * [[Hohenhameln]] * [[Hohne]] * [[Hohnhorst]] * [[Hohnstorf (Albis)]] * [[Holdorf (Niedersachsen)|Holdorf]] * [[Holenberg]] * [[Holle]] * [[Hollenstedt]] * [[Hollern-Twielenfleth]] * [[Hollnseth]] * [[Holste]] * [[Holtgast]] * [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Holtsminne'')</small> * [[Holtland]] * [[Holzen (prope Eschershusam)|Holzen]] * [[Hoogstede]] * [[Hörden ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Horneburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Horstedt (Niedersachsen)|Horstedt]] * [[Hoya]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hoyerhagen]] * [[Hoyershausen]] * [[Hude (Oldenburg)]] * [[Hüde]] * [[Hülsede]] * [[Husum (bei Nienburg)|Husum]] * [[Hüven]] {{div col end}} === I === {{div col|3}} * [[Iburgum]]<ref name="Von Schaten 1714">Von Schaten, N. (1714). ''Monumenta Osnabrugensia ex historia romana, francica, saxonicaque eruta''. Typis Jodoci Henrici Meyer.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Iburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Ibig'' seu ''Ibig'')</small> * [[Ihlienworth]] * [[Ihlow (Frisia Orientalis)|Ihlow]] * [[Ilsede]] * [[Ingeleben]] * [[Isenbüttel]] * [[Isernhagen]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Isterberg]] * [[Itterbeck]] {{div col end}} === J === {{div col|3}} * [[Jade (Saxonia Inferior)|Jade]] * [[Jameln]] * [[Jelmstorf]] * [[Jembke]] * [[Jemgum]] * [[Jerxheim]] * [[Jesteburg]] * [[Jork]] * [[Jühnde]] * [[Juist]] {{div col end}} === K === {{div col|3}} * [[Kakenstorf]] * [[Kalbe (Niedersachsen)|Kalbe]] * [[Kalefeld]] * [[Karwitz]] * [[Katlenburg-Lindau]] * [[Kettenkamp]] * [[Kirchbrak]] * [[Kirchdorf (bei Sulingen)|Kirchdorf]] * [[Kirchgellersen]] * [[Kirchlinteln]] * [[Kirchseelte]] * [[Kirchtimke]] * [[Kirchwalsede]] * [[Kissenbrück]] * [[Klein Berßen]] * [[Klein Meckelsen]] * [[Kluse (Emsland)|Kluse]] * [[Kneitlingen]] * [[Köhlen]] * [[Königsmoor]] * [[Kranenburg (Oste)|Kranenburg]] * [[Krebeck]] * [[Krummendeich]] * [[Krummhörn]] * [[Kührstedt]] * [[Küsten]] * [[Kutenholz]] {{div col end}} === L === {{div col|3}} * [[Laar]] * [[Laatzen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Lachendorf]] * [[Laerium]]<ref name="Stüve 1789">Stüve, J. E. (1789). ''Beschreibung des Fürstenthums Osnabrück mit einigen Urkunden''. Kißling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Laer'')</small> * [[Lage (Saxonia Inferior)|Lage]] * [[Lähden]] * [[Lahn (Hümmling)|Lahn]] * ''[[Lamspringe]]'' * [[Lamstedt]] * [[Landesbergen]] * [[Landolfshausen]] * [[Landwehr (Gemeinde)|Landwehr]] * [[Langelsheim]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * '''[[Langen (bei Bremerhaven)|Langen]]''' <small>(b.Bremerhaven)</small> * [[Langen (Emsland)|Langen]] <small>(Emsland)</small> * [[Langendorf (Elbe)|Langendorf]] * [[Langenhagen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Langeoog]] * [[Langlingen]] * [[Langwedel (Weser)|Langwedel]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lastrup]] * [[Lathen]] * [[Lauenau]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lauenbrück]] * [[Lauenförde]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lauenhagen]] * [[Leese]] * [[Leezdorf]] * [[Lehe (Emsland)|Lehe]] * [[Lehre (Niedersachsen)|Lehre]] * [[Lehrte]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Leiferde]] * [[Lembruch]] * [[Lemförde]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lemgow]] * [[Lemwerdera]]<ref name="Rüthning 1926">Rüthning, G. (Ed.) (1926). ''Oldenburger Urkundenbuch''. Gerhard Stalling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lemwerder'')</small> * [[Lengede]] * [[Lengenbostel]] * [[Lengerich (Emsland)|Lengerich]] * [[Lenne (Niedersachsen)|Lenne]] * [[Leopolis (Saxonia Inferior)|Leopolis]]<ref name="Ebel 1960">Ebel, W. (1960). ''Lübisches Recht: Erster Band''. Hansischer Geschichtsverein.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bleckede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bleikd'')</small> * [[Leri]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Leer''; [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Läär''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lier'')</small> * [[Liebenau (Niedersachsen)|Liebenau]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Liebenburg]] * [[Lilienthal]] * [[Lindern (Oldenburg)]] * [[Lindhorst]] * [[Lindwedel]] * [[Lingen (Ems)]] <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Linsburg]] * [[Lintig]] * [[Locus Occidentalis (Saxonia Inferior)|Locus Occidentalis]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703">Cellarius, C. (1703). ''Geographia Antiqua iuxta et Nova''. Ienae: Bielckius.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Westerstede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Westerstäe'')</small> * [[Lohne (Oldenburg)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Löningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Lorup]] * [[Loxstedt]] * [[Lübberstedt]] * [[Lübbow]] * [[Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw'')</small> * [[Luckau (Saxonia Inferior)|Luckau]] * [[Lüder (Lüneburger Heide)|Lüder]] * [[Lüdersburg]] * [[Lüdersfeld]] * [[Lüerdissen]] * [[Luhden]] * [[Luneburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lümborg'' seu ''Lünborg''; [[Lingua Saxonica antiqua|Palaeosaxonice]] ''Hliuni'')</small> * [[Lünne]] * [[Lütetsburg]] * ''[[Lutter am Barenberge]]'' * [[Luttera Regalis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Königslutter am Elm'')</small> {{div col end}} === M === {{div col|3}} * [[Maasen]] * [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'')</small> * [[Marienhafe]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Marienhagen]] * [[Mariental (Niedersachsen)|Mariental]] * [[Marklohe]] * [[Marl (Dümmer)|Marl]] * [[Marschacht]] * [[Martfeld]] * [[Marxen]] * [[Mechtersen]] * [[Meerbeck]] * [[Meine]] * [[Meinersen]] * [[Melbeck]] * [[Melle]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Mellinghausen]] * [[Menslage]] * [[Meppea]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Meppen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Möppen'')</small> * [[Merzen]] * [[Messenkamp]] * [[Messingen]] * [[Midlum (Land Wursten)|Midlum]] * [[Misselwarden]] * [[Mittelnkirchen]] * [[Mittelstenahe]] * [[Moisburg]] * [[Molbergen]] * [[Mons Catonis (Saxonia Inferior)|Mons Catonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cadenberge''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuddeldutt'' seu ''Kumbarg'')</small> * [[Moormerland]] * [[Moorweg]] * [[Moringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Müden (Alara)]] * [[Mulsum (Land Wursten)|Mulsum]] * [[Mundia Hannoverana]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Munimeri]]<ref name="Dronke 1844">Dronke, E. F. J. (Ed.) (1844). ''Traditiones et Antiquitates Fuldenses: Chartae et registra historica saeculi IX''. Fuldense: Typis Müllerianis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Münder am Deister''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Münner'')</small> * [[Munster (Örtze)|Munster]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === N === {{div col|3}} * [[Nahrendorf]] * [[Natendorf]] * [[Neetze]] * [[Negenborn]] * [[Nenndorf (circulus Widmundensis)|Nenndorf]] * [[Neubörger]] * [[Neu Darchau]] * [[Neuenhaus]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Altes Land)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Altes Land)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (bei Bassum)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(b.Bassum)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Land Hadeln)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Land Hadeln)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Landkreis Osnabrück)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Lkr.Osnabrück)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Lüneburger Heide)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Lüneb.Heide)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen-Vörden]] * [[Neuharlingersiel]] * [[Neuhaus (Oste)]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Neuhof (Landkreis Hildesheim)|Neuhof]] * [[Neukamperfehn]] * [[Neulehe]] * [[Neuschoo]] * [[Neustadt am Rübenberge]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Neu Wulmstorf]] * [[Niederlangen]] * [[Niedernwöhren]] * [[Niemetal]] * [[Nienhagen (Landkreis Celle)|Nienhagen]] * [[Nienstädt]] * [[Norden]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Nordenham]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Norderney]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Nordholz]] * [[Nordleda]] * [[Nordsehl]] * [[Nordstemmen]] * [[Nörten-Hardenberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Northemium]]<ref name="Nothemium">Vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Northeim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nuurten'')</small> * [[Northorna]]<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nordhorn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nothoorn'' seu ''Notthoarn'' seu ''Netthoarn'' seu ''Noordhoorn'')</small> * [[Nortmoor]] * [[Nortrup]] * [[Nottensdorf]] * [[Nova Urbs (Saxonia Inferior)|Nova Urbs]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nienburg/Weser''; [[Saxonice]] ''Näinborg'' seu ''Nienborg'' seu ''Neenborg'' seu ''Negenborg'')</small> * [[Novale Frigidum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Colnrade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kollenroad'')</small> {{div col end}} === O === {{div col|3}} * [[Oberlangen]] * [[Oberndorf (Oste)|Oberndorf]] * [[Obernfeld]] * [[Obernholz]] * [[Obernkirchen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ochtersum]] * [[Odisheim]] * [[Oederquart]] * [[Oerel]] * [[Oetzen]] * [[Ohne]] * [[Ohrum]] * [[Oldenburgum]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Oldendorf (Landkreis Stade)|Oldendorf]] <small>(Lkr.Stade)</small> * [[Oldendorf (Luhe)]] * [[Osloß]] * [[Osnabruga]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Osnabrück''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ossenbrääch''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Lingua Saxonica|Westfalice]] ''Ossenbrügge'')</small> * [[Osteel]] * [[Osten (Oste)|Osten]] * [[Osterbruch]] * [[Ostercappeln]] * [[Ostereistedt]] * [[Osterode am Harz]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Osterwald]] * [[Ostrhauderfehn]] * [[Ottenstein (Niedersachsen)|Ottenstein]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Otter]] * [[Otterndorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ottersberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Ovelgönne]] * [[Ovenhagium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Auhagen'')</small> * [[Oyten]] {{div col end}} === P === {{div col|3}} * [[Padingbüttel]] * [[Papenburg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Parsau]] * [[Pattensen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Pegestorf]] * [[Pennigsehl]] * [[Petrimons]]<ref name="Perizonius 1758">Perizonius, J. (1758). ''Compendium historiarum antiquissimarum, civilium et ecclesiasticarum, usque ad seculum decimum octavum: Cum appendice de ducatu Westphaliae et comitatu Petrimontano''. Ex officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Pyrmont''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Puurmont'')</small> * [[Pohle]] * [[Pollhagen]] * [[Pons Cobbanus]]<ref name="Leuckfeld 1714">Leuckfeld, J. G. (1714). ''Antiquitates Blankenburgenses, oder Historische Beschreibung derer vormals berühmten Grafen von Blankenburg, nebst dazugehörigen diplomatibus und Chartis''. Gottfried Freytag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Coppenbrügge'')</small> * [[Poynum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Peine''; [[Saxonice]] ''Paane''; [[Lingua Theodisca alta recens|Protoneoaltotheodisce]] ''Peina'')</small> * [[Praefectura Neohusana]]<ref name="Grupen II 1742">Grupen, C. U. (1742). ''Disceptationes Forenses cum Observationibus Juris: De originibus et iurisdictione praefecturarum ditionis Brunsvicensis (Caput de Praefectura Neohusana)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae: Förster.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amt Neuhaus'')</small> * [[Pratum Vitulorum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Calberlah'')</small> * [[Prezelle]] * [[Prinzhöfte]] {{div col end}} === Q === {{div col|3}} * [[Quakenbrück]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Quendorf]] * [[Querenhorst]] * [[Quernheim]] {{div col end}} === R === {{div col|3}} * [[Räbke]] * [[Radbruch]] * [[Raddestorf]] * [[Rastdorf]] * [[Rastede]] * [[Rätzlingen (Niedersachsen)|Rätzlingen]] * [[Rechtsupweg]] * [[Reeßum]] * [[Regesbostel]] * [[Rehburg-Loccum]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rehden]] * [[Rehlingen]] * [[Reinstorf]] * [[Remlingen (Niedersachsen)|Remlingen]] * [[Renkenberge]] * [[Rennau]] * [[Reppenstedt]] * [[Rethem (Aller)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rhade]] * [[Rhauderfehn]] * [[Rhede (Ems)]] * [[Rhumspringe]] * [[Ribbesbüttel]] * [[Riede (Landkreis Verden)|Riede]] * [[Rieste]] * [[Ringe]] * [[Ringstedt]] * [[Rinteln]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Ritterhude]] * [[Rodenberg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rodewald]] * [[Rohrsen]] * [[Roklum]] * [[Rollshausen]] * [[Römstedt]] * [[Ronnenberg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Rosche]] * [[Rosdorf]] * [[Rosengarten (Landkreis Harburg)|Rosengarten]] * [[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]<ref name="Rotenburgum ad Wemmam">De Latino toponymico syntagmate "[[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]" -ad quod Latinum gentilicium "Rotenburgensis-e" refertur-, vide homonymas urbes apud {{Graesse}} et {{Hofmannus}}. De hydronymo "[[Wemma]]", etiam vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Rotenburg''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Rotenburg an der Wümme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rodenborg'')</small> * [[Rötgesbüttel]] * [[Rüdershausen]] * [[Rühen]] * [[Rullstorf]] {{div col end}} === S === {{div col|3}} * [[Sachsenhagen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sagterlandia]]<ref name="BOV 2013">Bischöfliches Offizialat Vechta (2013). ''Findbuch des Offizialatsarchivs Vechta: Altes Archiv (Abteilung A: Saterlandia, Kirchliche Unterlagen, Akte A 8: „Informatio de Sagterlandia“ aus dem Jahre 1710)''. Vechtae, in Germania: Bischöfliches Offizialat.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Saterland''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Sagterland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Seelterlound'')</small> * [[Salis Cancellum]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Salzgitter''; [[Saxonice]] ''Soltgitter'')</small> * [[Salzbergen]] * [[Salzdetfordium]]<ref name="Marcard 1805"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Salzdetfurth'')</small> * [[Salzhausen]] * [[Salzhemmendorf]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Samern]] * [[Sandbostel]] * [[Sande (Frisia)|Sande]] * [[Sarstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sassenburg]] * [[Sathsa]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Sachsa'')</small> * [[Sauensiek]] * [[Schapen]] * [[Scharnebeck]] * [[Scheden]] * [[Scheeßel]] * [[Schellerten]] * [[Schiffdorf]] * [[Schladen-Werla]] * [[Schnackenburg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schnega]] * [[Schneverdingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Scholen]] * [[Schönewörde]] * [[Schöningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schöppenstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schortens]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Schüttorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schwaförden]] * [[Schwanewede]] * [[Schwarme]] * [[Schwarmstedt]] * [[Schweindorf]] * [[Schweringen]] * [[Schwerinsdorf]] * [[Schwienau]] * [[Schwülper]] * [[Seeburg (Niedersachsen)|Seeburg]] * [[Seedorf (bei Zeven)|Seedorf]] * [[Seelze]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seesen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seevetal]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Seggebruch]] * [[Sehlde]] * [[Sehlem (Niedersachsen)|Sehlem]] * [[Sehnde]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Selsingen]] * [[Semmenstedt]] * [[Seulingen]] * [[Sibbesse]] * [[Sickte]] * [[Siedenburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Sittensen]] * [[Soderstorf]] * [[Sögel]] * [[Söhlde]] * [[Söllingen (Niedersachsen)|Söllingen]] * [[Soltau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Soltendieck]] * [[Sottrum]] * [[Spahnharrenstätte]] * [[Spelle]] * [[Spiekeroog]] * [[Sprakensehl]] * [[Springe]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Stadae]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Stood'')</small> * [[Stadlandia]]<ref>Ioannes Iustus Wynkelman, [https://books.google.com/books?id=WvgaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA617&lpg=PA617&dq=statlandia+saxonia&source=bl&ots=Ysl9JI4L06&sig=2y6x3I38sU3-RcrP0HtnSkUxssI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCwQ6AEwA2oVChMIwqiv-NWMxgIVQgmSCh2CZwDj#v=onepage&q=statlandia%20saxonia&f=false ''Notitia historico-politica veteris Saxo-Westphaliae finitimarumque regionum,''] 1667:277.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Stadland'')</small> * [[Staffhorst]] * [[Staufenberg]] * [[Stavern]] * [[Stedesdorf]] * [[Steimbke]] * [[Steinau (Niedersachsen)|Steinau]] * [[Steinfeld (Oldenburg)]] * [[Steinhorst (Niedersachsen)|Steinhorst]] * [[Steinkirchen (Altes Land)|Steinkirchen]] * [[Stelle]] * [[Stemmen (Landkreis Rotenburg)|Stemmen]] * [[Stemshorn]] * [[Steyerberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Stinstedt]] * [[Stöckse]] * [[Stoetze]] * [[Stolzenau]] * [[Stuhr]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Südbrookmerland]] * [[Suderburg]] * [[Südergellersen]] * [[Südheide]] * [[Sudwalde]] * [[Suhlendorf]] * [[Sulingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Süpplingen]] * [[Süpplingenburg]] * [[Süstedt]] * [[Sustrum]] * [[Surwold]] * [[Suthfeld]] * [[Syke]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === T === {{div col|3}} * [[Tappenbeck]] * [[Tarmstedt]] * [[Tespe]] * [[Teuderium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'')</small> * [[Thransfellensis Ecclesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dransfeld'')</small> * [[Thedinghausen]] * [[Theodolfestorpum]]<ref name="Asseburg 1855">Asseburg, J. von der. (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des Geschlechts von der Asseburg (Vol. 1)''. Hahnschen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dedelstorf'')</small> * [[Thomasburg]] * [[Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardDorfinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20160831-7111.htm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Dörpen''', 9. Jh., bei Aschendorf nördlich Meppens, F2-1090 THURP (Dorf) Dorfa (7), Thorpum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen'')</small> * [[Thuine]] * [[Tiddische]] * [[Tiste]] * [[Toppenstedt]] * [[Tostedt]] * [[Tosterglope]] * [[Trebel]] * [[Triburi]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drebber'')</small> * [[Tülau]] * [[Twieflingen]] * [[Twist (Emsland)|Twist]] * [[Twistringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === U === {{div col|3}} * [[Uchte]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Uehrde]] * [[Uelsen]] * [[Uetze]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Ulsena]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Uelzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ülz’n'')</small> * [[Ummern]] * [[Undeloh]] * [[Upgant-Schott]] * [[Uplengen]] * [[Uslar]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Utarp]] {{div col end}} === V === {{div col|3}} * [[Vahlberg]] * [[Vahlbruch]] * [[Vahlde]] * [[Vallis Ambrae]]<ref name="Ambra">Latino de toponymo "Ambra" (Theodisce ''Emmer''), vide {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Vallis">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Tal?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum vocabulum ''T(h)al'' aut Theodiscum suffixum ''-t(h)al'' Latino vocabulo "vallis-is"] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmerthal''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emmerdaal'')</small> * [[Vallis Augae]]<ref name="SLH 1988">Societas Latina Hannoverana (1988). ''Fasciculi geographici et historici: De parvis provinciis ditionis Hannoveranae et Schaumburgensis''. Hannoverae: Typis Exscripsit Libraria Scripturarum.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Auetal'')</small> * [[Vallis Claustra-Cella]]<ref name="Conring 1730">Conring, H. (1730). ''De Antiquitatibus Academicis Dissertationes Septem''. Officina Smeinkiana.</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clausthal-Zellerfeld''; [[Supraharthice]] ''Clasthol-Zallerfall'')</small> * [[Varel]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Varrel]] * [[Vastorf]] * [[Vechelde]] * [[Velpke]] * [[Veltheim (Ohe)]] * [[Vetha]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Vechta''; [[Saxonice]] ''Vechte'')</small> * [[Vicus Adelaidis]]<ref name="ALF 2016">Academia Latinitati Fovendae (2016). ''Commentarii Academiae Latinitati Fovendae: De novis parochiis et communibus Saxoniae Inferioris textus'' (Vol. XXIV). Romae: Herder.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelheidsdorf'')</small> * [[Vierden]] * [[Vierhöfen]] * [[Vildhusia]]<ref name="Hofmannus"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wildeshausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wilshusen'')</small> * [[Villa Cremilonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cremlingen'')</small> * [[Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/schneverdingen-peter-und-paul/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Schneverdingen, Peter und Paul''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''capella in honorem sancti Anthonii in villa Vintlo parrochie Snewerdinge'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'')</small> * [[Visbek]] * [[Visselhövede]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Vögelsen]] * [[Vollersode]] * [[Voltlage]] * [[Vorda Bremensis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'')</small> * [[Vordorf]] * [[Vorwerk (Niedersachsen)|Vorwerk]] * [[Vrees]] {{div col end}} === W === {{div col|3}} * [[Waake]] * [[Waddeweitz]] * [[Wagenfeld]] * [[Wagenhoff]] * [[Wahrenholz]] * [[Walchum]] * [[Walkenried]] * [[Wallenhorst]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wallmoden]] * [[Walsrode]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wangelnstedt]] * [[Wangerland]] * [[Wangerooge]] * [[Wanna]] * [[Warberg]] * [[Wardenburg]] * [[Warmsen]] * [[Warpe]] * [[Wasbüttel]] * [[Wathlingen]] * [[Wedemark]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Weener]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Weenzen]] * [[Wehrbleck]] * [[Welle]] * [[Wendeburg]] * [[Wendisch Evern]] * [[Wennigsen]] * [[Wenzendorf]] * [[Werdum]] * [[Werlte]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Werpeloh]] * [[Wesendorf]] * [[Weste (Niedersachsen)|Weste]] * [[Westergellersen]] * [[Westerholt]] * [[Westertimke]] * [[Westerwalsede]] * [[Westfeld (Niedersachsen)|Westfeld]] * [[Westoverledingen]] * [[Wetschen]] * [[Wettrup]] * [[Weyhausen]] * [[Weyhe]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wieda]] * [[Wiedensahl]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Wiefelstede]] * [[Wielen]] * [[Wienhausen]] * [[Wiesmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wietmarschen]] * [[Wietze]] * [[Wietzen]] * [[Wietzendorf]] * [[Wilhelmshaven]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wilstedt]] * [[Wilsum]] * [[Wingst]] * [[Winkelsett]] * [[Winnigstedt]] * [[Winsen (Aller)]] * [[Winsenia]]<ref name="Büttner">Büttner, D. S. (1710). ''Rudera Diluvii Testes, i.e. Zeichnung und Abbildung derer Columnarum Sceletonum''. Gottfried Zimmermann.</ref> <small>(ad [[Luya]]m<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Winsen'')</small> * [[Winzenburg]] * [[Wippingen]] * [[Wirdum]] * [[Wischhafen]] * [[Wistedt]] * [[Witmundia]]<ref>E.g., [[Ioannes Luyts|Ioannis Luyts]] ''Introductio ad Geographiam novam et veterem'', Ultraiecti 1692, [https://books.google.fr/books?id=_o0YP3-9VTMC&pg=PA281&dq=Witmundia&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjShLT7vdDrAhVJw4sKHZLLCokQ6AEwAnoECAMQAg#v=onepage&q=Witmundia&f=false p. 281].</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wittmund'')</small> * [[Wittingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wittmar]] * [[Wittorf]] * [[Wohnste]] * [[Wolfsburgum]]<ref>Vide nomini arcis: Samuel Pufendorfus, ''Commentariorum de rebus Suecicis libri XXVI'' {{Google Books|lV1PAAAAcAAJ|pag. 457 et 475}}, ''Nova Acta Eruditorum'' {{Google Books|eGFlITDJFSMC|pag. 487}}, Lipsiae, anno 1756, ac ''Itininerarium Thomae Carve, Tipperariensis'' ([https://archive.org/details/itinerariumthom00kerngoog/page/n182 pag. 108]).</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> </small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wolfsburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfsborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfsbuurich'')</small> * [[Wollbrandshausen]] * [[Wollershausen]] * [[Wölpinghausen]] * [[Wolsdorf]] * [[Woltersdorf (Wendland)|Woltersdorf]] * [[Woltershausen]] * [[Worpswede]] * [[Wremen]] * [[Wrestedt]] * [[Wriedel]] * [[Wulfsen]] * [[Wulften ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Wunstorf]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wurster Nordseeküste]] * [[Wustrow (Saxonia Inferior)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === Z === {{div col|3}} * [[Zernien]] * [[Zetel]] * [[Zeven]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Zorge]] {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris|!]] a5vchao1157p4semvwxmk10ugijhbg3 3981937 3981931 2026-08-18T01:31:06Z IacobusAmor 1163 ~ 3981937 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in Lower Saxony.svg|thumb|500px|Urbes et communia Saxoniae Inferioris.]] '''Index urbium, oppidorum et communium in [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxonia Inferiore]]''' omnia [[commune|communia]] (Theodisce ''Gemeinden''), consociationes communium (Theodisce ''Gemeindeverbände'') atque loca nulli communium adscripta (Theodisce ''gemeindefreien Gebiete''), quae hodie in [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terra]] [[Germania|Germanica]] [[Saxonia Inferior]]e exstant, complectitur. Postremae mutationes finium territorialium in Saxonia Inferiore [[1 Novembris|Kalendis Novembribus]] anni [[2021]] effectae sunt. Ex eo tempore [[Saxonia Inferior]] 939 communia et 25 loca nulli communi adscripta (quorum duo habitantur) habet. Quibus e communibus 159 titulo [[urbs|urbis]] (Theodisce ''Stadt'') et 49 titulo [[oppidum|oppidi]] (Theodisce ''Flecken'') utuntur. Praeterea nonnullae proprietates exstant secundum communium administrationem: Nam 939 communia in 289 communia unitaria et 650 communia membra dividuntur; quae vero in universum 114 consociationes communium constituunt, ut munera communiter administrent. Hae consociationes communium ipsa communia non sunt, sed foedera cooperationis, quae aut ex regione aut ex communitate in qua sedes administrationis sita est nomen accipiunt. Quapropter in Saxonia Inferiore idem nomen tam communi quam consociationi communium tribui potest. Agitur tamen de duobus corporibus iuridicis distinctis, quae proprias repraesentationes atque propria munera habent. Praeterea, propter magnitudinem suam, nonnullae communium et consociationes communium peculiarem rationem cum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulo terrae]] (Theodisce ''Landkreis'') habent: * Decem urbes statum iuridicum [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli urbani]] (Theodisce ''kreisfreien Stadt'') obtinent, nulli circulo terrae subiiciuntur atque omnia sua munera exercent. * Septem urbes statum iuridicum urbis magnae sui iuris (Theodisce ''Große selbständige Stadt'') obtinent atque multa, sed non omnia, munera circuli terrae cui adscribuntur exercent. * 61 communium et tria communia generalia (Theodisce ''Samtgemeinden'') statum iuridicum communis sui iuris (Theodisce ''Selbständige Gemeinde'') obtinent atque quaedam munera districtus cui adscribuntur exercent. * 861 ceterae communium nullam peculiarem rationem cum circulo terrae cui adscribuntur habent. === A === {{div col|3}} * [[Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Obbens'')</small> * [[Acheimum]]<ref name="Grote III 1877">Grote, H. (1877). ''Münzstudien: Geschichte der älteren Münzen und Urkunden des Bisthums Verden'' (Vol. VIII). Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Achim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Achem'')</small> * [[Achestedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Axstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ax'')</small> * [[Adelebsenum]]<ref name="Funck 1736">Funck, J. N. (1736). ''Disputatio Academica de Voluntaria Morte Judaeorum et Gentilium sub Praesidio S. R. I. Libero Baroni de Adelebsen Dedicata''. Rintelii: Typis Johannis Friderici Enax.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelebsen'')</small> * [[Adenebutla]]<ref name="Pischke 1998">Pischke, G. (Ed.) (1998). ''Das Lehnsregister der Edelherren von Meinersen: Edition und historische Untersuchung der mittelalterlichen Besitzurkunden'' (Documentum anni MCCXX). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Adenbüttel'')</small> * [[Adenhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703">Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis: De ecclesiis parochialibus et ditione antiqua oppidi Adenhusii''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1703). ''Chronica Parochiarum ditionis Mindensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Mindae: Typis Johannis Meyeri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahnsen'')</small> * [[Adenthorpium]]<ref name="Höhbaum 1876">Höhbaum, K. (Ed.) (1876). ''Hansisches Urkundenbuch: Monumenta Germaniae Historica e codicibus diplomaticis Bremensibus et Luneburgensibus'' (Vol. I). Halis Saxonum: Typis Orphanotrophei.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Adendörp'')</small> * [[Aesdorpe]]<ref name="Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv">Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv. (s. d.). ''Guts- und Familienarchiv von Freytag zu Estorf''. Arcinsys Niedersachsen, Bestand NLA HA Dep. 138.</ref> <small>(ad [[Visurgis|Visurgem]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Affinghusia]]<ref name="Rathlef 1766">Rathlef, E. L. (1766). ''Geschichte der Grafschaften Hoya und Diepholz: Monimenta diplomatica et antiquitates ditionis Affinghusiae'' (Vol. I). Bremae: Försterischen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Affinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Affinghusen'' seu ''Affjehusen'')</small> * [[Aldendorpevilla]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] ''Stadtoldendorf'') * [[Alrebekesa]]<ref name="Oven 1872">Oven, A. von (Ed.) (1872). ''Urkundenbuch des Herzogthums Lüneburg: Diplomata, chartae et registra historica saeculi XII (Documentum anni MCXCVII de venditione praedii Alrebekesae)'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Carl Rümpler.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahnsbeck'')</small> * [[Ahusium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ahusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Parochiarum ditionis Corbeiensis et Hildesiensis:...''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahusen'')</small> * [[Alfelda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfeld''; [[Saxonice]] ''Allefelle'')</small> * [[Alfhusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfhausen'')</small> * [[Algermissenum]]<ref name="Hoogeweg III 1903">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1903). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et privilegia de Algermisseno)'' (Vol. III). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Algermissen'')</small> * [[Alisni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elsfleth'')</small> * [[Almstedium]]<ref name="Hoogeweg II 1901">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1901). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte Niedersachsens (Monimenta historica et registra de Almstedio)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Almstedt'')</small> * [[Alorstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1758">Pratje, J. H. (1758). ''Historische Nachrichten von dem ehemaligen berühmten Closter Harsefeld: Monumenta ac documenta saeculi XII ubi de decimis Alorstedii agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ahlerstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohlers'')</small> * [[Alvstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Alfstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Alfs'' seu ''Alfst'')</small> * [[Amelinghusium]]<ref name="Baring 1746">Baring, E. (1746). ''Succincta Hannoverae et ditionum vicinarum Notitia Historica''. Hanoverae: Typis Nicolae Försteri.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amelinghausen''; [[lingua Saxonica|Boreosaxonice]] ''Amekhusen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Amelkusen'')</small> * [[Anchemium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ankum'')</small> * [[Andervenia]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Andervenne'')</small> * [[Andorlangia]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Anderlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Annerlingen'')</small> * [[Antiqua Medingha]]<ref name="Homeyer X 2006">Homeyer, J. (Ed.) (2006). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Medingen: Lüneburger Urkundenbuch (Monimenta historica saeculi XIV de parochia Medinghae) (Vol. X)''. Hannoverae, in Germania: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Altenmedingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohmein'')</small> * [[Apenum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aap'')</small> * [[Apleremum]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Apelern'')</small> * [[Appelium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Appel'')</small> * [[Aquae Lauterbergenses in Montibus Harthicis]]<ref name="Mirus 1826">Mirus, A. (1826). ''De salubritate aquarum lauterbergensium in montibus harthicis sitarum''. Typis Regiis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Lauterberg im Harz'')</small> * [[Aquae Nendorpenses]]<ref name="Marcard 1805">Marcard, H. M. (1805). ''De salubritate aquarum nendorpensium et de earum usu in morbis chronicis''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich; et: Macard, H. M. (1805). ''De usu salutari fontium salinorum in territorio Hildesiensi sitorum''. [[Goettinga]]e: Dieterich.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Nenndorf'')</small> * [[Aquae Zwischenahnenses]]<ref name="Statisitakamt Nord 2025">Statistikamt Nord (Editio Latina). ''Catalogus Urbium et Communium Germaniae''. Hamburgi, 2025.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Zwischenahn''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Twiskenoan'' seu ''Boad Twiskenoan''; [[Saxonice]] ''Twüschenahn'')</small> * [[Aroldishusium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Arholzen'')</small> * [[Artlenburgum]]<ref name="Baring 1746"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Artlenburg'')</small> * [[Artlissa]]<ref name="Mader 1664">Mader, J. J. (1664). ''Antiquitates Brunsvicenses: De antiquis parochiis Saxonum et finibus dioecesis Mindensis (Caput de parochia Artlissa)''. Helmestadii: Typis Henningi Mulleri.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Aerzen'': quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Ärzen'')</small> * [[Arx Agathae]]<ref name="Kochen 1724">Kochen, J. H. (1724). ''Introductio in Historiam Ducatus Bremensis y Verdensis: Accesserunt diplomata varia et descriptio Arcis Agathae et ditionis Stadiensis''. Stadae: Typis Caspari Holmii.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Agathenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gothenborg'')</small> * [[Arx Draconis]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drakenburg'')</small> * [[Ascalingium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlden'')</small> * [[Asanthorpium]]<ref name="Vogell 1856">Vogell, A. (Ed.) (1856). ''Urkundenbuch des Bisthums Verden und des Collegiatstifts Bardewick: Chartae, diplomata et monumenta historica saeculi XIII...''. Hannoverae: Hahn’sche Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Harburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Harburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Harburgum]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Harburgensis-e" refertur-.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Asenthorpium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1855). ''Hoyer Urkundenbuch'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Jänecke Verlag.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus terrae Diepholtia|Circulo terrae Diepholtia]]<ref name="Landkreis Diepholz">Fingitur nomen "Circulus terrae Diepholtia" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Diepholz'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum syntagma "circulus terrae" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Diepholtia]]", vide {{Hofmannus}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'')</small> * [[Assena]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892">Philippi, F., & Bär, M. (Eds.) (1892). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Die Urkunden der Jahre 772-1200'' (Vol. 1). Verein für Geschichte und Landeskunde von Osnabrück.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Essen'')</small> * [[Assini]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Essen'')</small> * [[Astanholteremarki-Scirnbeki]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Osterholz-Scharmbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Oosterholt-Scharmbeek'')</small> * [[Asylum (Saxonia Inferior)|Asylum]]<ref name="Asylum">Theodiscum nomen ''Freistatt'', quod ''Freistätte, Zufluchtsort, Asyl'' significat, Latine "asylum" reddi potest. Nam in ''Deutsches Wörterbuch'' de Weigand et Hirt vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' explicatur ut «Freistatt» et ipsa vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' e Latino "asylum" orta esse dicitur. Praeterea lexicon Germanico-Latinum, quod in traditione lexicographica Georgii continetur, directe tradit: ''Freistatt, -stätte'', "asylum'". Itaque "Asylum" non est forma ficticia neque mera translatio nostra, sed aequivalentia lexicographice comprobata.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freistatt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freestatt'')</small> * [[Aszi]]<ref name="Hermann">Hermann Abels: ''Die Ortsnamen des Emslandes in ihrer sprachlichen und kulturgeschichtlichen Bedeutung''. S. 27f.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Aulica]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elze'')</small> * [[Auricum (Saxonia Inferior)|Auricum]]<ref name="Emmius 1616">Emmius, U. (1616). ''Rerum Frisicarum Historia''. [[Lugdunum Batavorum|Lugduni Batavorum]]: Elzevier.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Aurich''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Aurk''; [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Auerk'')</small> {{div col end}} === B === {{div col|3}} * [[Badberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Badbergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Badbern'')</small> * [[Baddekenstedium]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel & Ohainski X 2018">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Ohainski, U. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil X)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Baddeckenstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barkenstäe'')</small> * [[Balga]]<ref name="Udolph 1994">Udolph, J. (1994). ''Namenkundliche Studien zum Germanenproblem'' (Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Ergänzungsbände 9). Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Balje'')</small> * [[Balga Cortis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Balge'')</small> * [[Baltrumum]]<ref name="Wiarda III 1792">Wiarda, T. D. (1792). ''Ostfriesische Geschichte: Von den ältesten Zeiten bis zum Jahre 1648'' (Vol. 3). August Friedrich Winter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Baltrum'')</small> * [[Bamwida]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bohmte''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baumte'')</small> * [[Bardenuvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bardowick''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bewick'')</small> * [[Bardorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859">Sudendorf, H. (Ed.) (1859). ''Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Herzöge von Braunschweig und Lüneburg und ihrer Lande'' (Vol. 1). Carl Rümpler Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrdorf'')</small> * [[Barenburgum]]<ref name="Kolb 1712">Kolb, G. (1712). ''Compendium totius orbis: partim geographicum, partim historicum, partim genealogicum''. Typis Universitatis Carolo-Francisceae</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnborg'')</small> * [[Bargstedum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764">Mushard, M. (1764). ''Palaeogentilismus Bremensis: Monumenta ac veterum tumuli in ducatibus Bremensi et Verdensi''. Typis Andreae Vandenhoeck.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bargstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargst'' seu ''Bars'')</small> * [[Barnstedum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702">Bünting, H., & Letzner, J. (1702). ''Braunschweig-Lüneburgische Chronica, Oder Historische Beschreibung der Durchlauchtigsten Herzogen zu Braunschweig und Lüneburg''. Gedruckt bey Caspar Johann Jakobi.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barnstedt'')</small> * [[Barnstorfium]]<ref name="Böhmer 2007">Böhmer, J. F. (2007). ''Regesta Imperii III: Salisches Haus 1024–1125. Die Regesten des Kaiserreiches unter Heinrich IV'' (T. Struve, Ed.). Böhlau Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnstrup'')</small> * [[Barsela]]<ref name="Köbler 2016">Köbler, G. (2016). ''Orte in der deutschen Ortsgeschichte''. Wikiling-Zier. [[Universitas Leopoldino-Franciscea]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barßel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bäärsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassel'')</small> * [[Barsingehusa]]<ref name="Harenberg 1753">Harenberg, J. C. (1753). ''Historia ecclesiae Gandershemensis diplomatica''. Typis et Impensis Joannis Christophori Meisneri.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barsinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baschehusen'' seu ''Basche'')</small> * [[Barum (Luneburgum)|Barum]]<ref name="Mindermann I II 2004">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2004). ''Verdener Urkundenbuch, 1. Abteilung, Band 2: 1300–1380''. Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Luneburgensis|Circulo Luneburgensi]]<ref name="Landreis Lüneburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Luneburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landreis Lüneburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Luneburgensis-e" ad [[Luneburgum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boorn'')</small> * [[Barum (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Barum]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010">Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (2010). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'' (K. Casemir, F. Menzel, & U. Ohainski, Eds.). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Ulsenensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Uelzen'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Ulsenensis-e" ad [[Ulsena]]m refertur. Quo de gentilicio, vide lemma "res-publica Ulsenensis" apud {{Google Books|w_tWAAAAcAAJ|vide paginam dedicationis operis}}"; et de topnymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bourm'')</small> * [[Barunvilla]]<ref name="SdaedhdlM 1862">Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle (1862). ''Mémoires de la Société d'archéologie et d'histoire de la Moselle: Année 1860–1861''. Rousseau-Pallez.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Barendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borendörp'')</small> * [[Barverum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844">Böhmer, J. F. (1844). ''Regesta Chronologico-Diplomatica Regum et Imperatorum Romanorum: Inde a Conrado I. Usque ad Henricum VII''. Typis et Sumtibus J. C. Hermann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barver'')</small> * [[Barwedelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barwedel'')</small> * [[Basdalum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Basdahl''; [[Saxonice]] ''Basdaal'' seu ''Basdohl'')</small> * [[Bawinkelum]]<ref name="Moser 1738">Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bawinkel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bowinkel'')</small> * [[Bebenhusa (Saxonia Inferior)|Bebenhusa]]<ref name="Ahlfeldt 2010">Ahlfeldt, J. (Ed.) (2010). ''Regnum Francorum Online: Traditio Fuldenses''. Francia-Ahlfeldt Project.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bevensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bämsen'' seu ''Bemsen'')</small> * [[Beckdorfium]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beekdörp'')</small> * [[Beckedorfium]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beckedorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Biäkedörp'')</small> * [[Beckelnum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beckeln'')</small> * [[Bedenbostelum]]<ref name="NL 1924">Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv (1924). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte''. Veröffentlichungen de Historischen Kommission für Niedersachsen und Bremen.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beedenbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bedenbossel'')</small> * [[Beierstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beierstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Barste’e'')</small> * [[Belmum]]<ref name="Moser 1738"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Belm'')</small> * [[Belumum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Belum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Belen'')</small> * [[Bema (Saxonia Inferior)|Bema]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Böhme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhm'')</small> * [[Bendestorfium]]<ref name="Bührmann 2005">Bührmann, M. (2005). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen des norddeutschen Raumes''. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. </ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bendestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bendsdörp'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Cellensis)|Berga]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737">Bruzen de La Martinière, A. A. (1737). ''Thesaurus geographicus criticus: in quo omnium orbis terrarum regionum, civitatum, oppidorum, nominibus antiquis, medii aevi et modernis''. Ex Officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Cellensis|Circulo Cellensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Celle">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Cellensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Celle'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit, et de Latino toponymo "[[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]" -ad quod gentilicium "Cellensis-e" refertur-, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bergen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargen'')</small> * [[Berga (Circulus Osnabrugae)|Berga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Osnabrugae|Circulo Osnabrugae]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Osnabrugae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Osnabrück'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum ''LandKreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Osnabruga|Osnabruga-ae]]", vide Pertsch, Erich: ''Langenscheidts Großes Schulwörterbuch Lateinisch-Deutsch'', Berolini et Monaci 1983, ISBN 3-468-07202-3, p. 1325.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Berge'')</small> * [[Berga ad Dumnam]]<ref name="Bruzen de La Martinière 1737"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergen an der Dumme''; [[Polabice]] ''Djörska'')</small> * [[Bergenborstelium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrenborstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bornbössel'' seu ''Boornbössel'')</small> * [[Bergfelda]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bergfeld''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bargfeld'')</small> * [[Bersenbrugum]]<ref name="Sandhoff 1785">Sandhoff, J. E. (1785). ''Antistitum Osnabrugensis ecclesiae, qui per decem saecula episcopale munus in ea gesserunt, chronotaxis''. Typis Joannis Georgii Kislingii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bersenbrück''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bessenbrügge'')</small> * [[Berumburgum]]<ref name="Emmius 1616"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berumbur'')</small> * [[Bestena]]<ref name="Jellinghaus 1923">Jellinghaus, H. (1923). ''Die westfälischen Ortsnamen nach ihren Bestandteilen''' (III ed.). Ferdinand Schöningh.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beesten'')</small> * [[Betzendorfum]]<ref name="Bünting & Letzner 1702"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Betzendorfum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bätzendörp'')</small> * [[Bevernense Castrum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bevern'')</small> * [[Beverstedum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Beverstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beverst'')</small> * [[Bienenbuttelum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bienenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bienbüddel'')</small> * [[Bilshusa]]<ref name="Wolf 1819">Wolf, J. (1819). ''Politische Geschichte des Eichsfeldes mit Urkunden erläutert''. Johann Georg Rosenbusch.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bilshausen'')</small> * [[Binethemum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688">Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: I. Historicos Germanicos, II. Historiam Helmstadensem, III. Dissertationes de utriusque Saxoniae''. Typis Georgii Wolffgangi Hammii; et: Meibom, H. (1688). ''Rerum Germanicarum Tomi III: Dissertationen und historische Chroniken des Herzogtums Braunschweig-Lüneburg''. Typis Georgii Wolffii.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bentheim'')</small> * [[Binnenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Binnen'')</small> * [[Bippenum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bippen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bippen'')</small> * [[Birsina]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bassum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassen'')</small> * [[Bissendorpum]]<ref name="Köbler 2016"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bissendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissendörp'')</small> * [[Blenderum]]<ref name="Brosius 1993">Brosius, D. (1993). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Loccum'' (Vol. 1). Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Blender''; [[Saxonice]] ''Blenner'')</small> * [[Bliederstorpum]]<ref name="Trüper 2017">Trüper, H. G. (2017). ''Urkundenbuch der Herren von Zesterfleth: 1232–1657''. Wallstein Verlag.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bliedersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bliersdörp'')</small> * [[Bobentunum]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bovenden''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Bovten'')</small> * [[Bocensis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bückeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bückeborg'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Heidensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Heidensis|Circulo Heidensi]]<ref name="Heidekreis">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Heidensis" -Theodisce ''Heidekreis'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum suffixum ''-kreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum gentilicium "Heidensis-e" Theodiscum lexema ''Heide-'' vertit.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bocholta (Circulus Theorosburgensis)|Bocholta]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Theorosburgensis|Circulo Theorosburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Schaumburg">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Theorosburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Schaumburg'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino gentilicio "Theorosburgensis-e", quod ad [[Theorosburgum]] refertur, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukholt'')</small> * [[Bocholtum in Ericeto]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>[[urbs]] et commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buchholz in der Nordheide''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bookholt'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Frisicus)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873">Ehmck, D. R., & von Bippen, W. (Ed.) (1873). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1300''. C. Schünemann.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Frisicus|Circulo Frisico]]<ref name="Landkreis Friesland">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Frisicus" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Friesland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Frisicus-a-um" ad [[Frisia (discretiva)|Frisiam]] refertur. Quod de toponymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bockhorn'')</small> * [[Bochorna (Circulus Vetha)|Bochorna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Vetha|Circulo Vetha]]<ref name="Landkreis Vechta">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Vetha" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Vechta'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo).</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bakum'')</small> * [[Bochorstia]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bockhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukhast'')</small> * [[Bodendicum]]<ref name="Brosius 1985">Brosius, D. (1985). ''Aus der Geschichte der Burg Bodenteich''. Ecomed Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Bodenteich''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bonndiek'')</small> * [[Bodenfelda]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenfelde'')</small> * [[Bodensa]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph">Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Göttingen''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodensee'')</small> * [[Bodonis Insula]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bodenwerder'')</small> * [[Boffeshusium]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen del Landkreises Holzminden''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VI)''. Editio ab Academia Scientiarum Gottingensi. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Boffzen'')</small> * [[Boitersena]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001">Mindermann, A. (Ed.) (2001). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe und des Domkapitels von Verden: Band 1''. Von den Anfängen bis 1300. [[Stadae|Stadis]]: Landschaftsverband der ehemaligen Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bötersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Boitzen'')</small> * [[Boitzia]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Boitze''; [[Saxonice]] ''Böhtz'')</small> * [[Bokenstorpium]]<ref name="Sudendorf 1859"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bokensdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokensdörp'')</small> * [[Bokenum]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bockenem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bokeln'')</small> * [[Borchwega]]<ref name="Rüther 1905">Rüther, H. (Ed.) (1905). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Neuenwalde''. Halle’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Burweg'')</small> * [[Borkna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Borkum''; [[lingua Frisica|Frisice]] ''Boarkum''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Börkum'')</small> * [[Borna Castra]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Berne'')</small> * [[Borsla]]<ref name="Niemeyer 2012">Niemeyer, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. De Gruyter</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bösel''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Böäsel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bäsel'')</small> * [[Borstla]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1842">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1842). ''Diepholzer Urkundenbuch: Authentische Urkunden zur Geschichte der Grafschaft Diepholz''. [[Hannovera]]e: Hahn'schen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Borstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bössel'')</small> * [[Botela]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bothel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bootel'')</small> * [[Brachia (Germania)|Brachia]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Brake''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braak'' seu ''Broak'')</small> * [[Braclina]]<ref name="Rübel 1881">Rübel, K. (Ed.) (1881). ''Dortmunder Urkundenbuch: Band 1. Urkunden bis zum Jahre 1340''. [[Isarlohia]]e: J. Baedeker.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brackel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Braackel'')</small> * [[Bramascus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bramsche'')</small> * [[Breddenberga]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898">Wilmans, R., & Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.). (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden und angrenzender Gebiete''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Breddenberg'')</small> * [[Bredenforda]]<ref name="Hoogeweg 1898">Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.) (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden vom J. 1201-1300''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brevörde'')</small> * [[Bredthorpium]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Breddorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Breddörp'')</small> * [[Brestum (Saxonia Inferior)|Brestum]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brest'')</small> * [[Brincama]]<ref name="Friedländer 1878">Friedländer, E. (Ed.) (1878). ''Ostfriesisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1. (Jahre 787–1470)''. [[Emda]]e: Haynel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brinkum'')</small> * [[Britlinga]]<ref name="Udolph 2004">Udolph, J. (2004). ''Suffixbildungen in alten Ortsnamen: Akten eines internationalen Symposiums in Uppsala''. [[Gottinga]]e: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brietlingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brietl'')</small> * [[Brochema]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Broubm'' seu ''Brookm'')</small> * [[Brocleda]]<ref name="Janicke 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1''. [[Lipsia]]e: S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bröckel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bräukel'')</small> * [[Broclina]]<ref name="Mindermann 2001"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brockel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brookel'')</small> * [[Broma]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski 2014">Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (Ed.). (2014). ''Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch: Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Gifhorn''. [[Bilivelda]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Brome''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brom'')</small> * [[Brochusium-Vilsena]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/><ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bruchhausen-Vilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brooksen-Vilsen'')</small> * [[Brunsvicum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Braunschweig''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brunswiek''; [[lingua Saxonica|Brunsvicice]] dialectaliter ''Bronswiek'' seu ''Brönswiek'')</small> * [[Bukina]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bücken''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bücken'')</small> * [[Bulcova]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bülkau'')</small> * [[Bulsteda]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen 1873"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bülstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büls'')</small> * [[Brunla]]<ref name="Bode 1893">Bode, G. (Ed.) (1893). ''Urkundenbuch der Stadt Goslar und der in und bei Goslar belegenen geistlichen Stiftungen: Band 1 (922 bis 1250)''.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Braunlage'')</small> * [[Bunda]]<ref name="Deiter">Deiter, H. (1881). Oldeborchs, Pastoris zu Bunda in Reiderland, kleine ostfriesische Chronicke, betreffend die Jahre 1558 bis 1605. ''Jahrbuch de Gesellschaft für bildende Kunst und vaterländische Altertümer zu Emden''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bunde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bunn'')</small> * [[Burchardivillare]]<ref name="Janicke 1892">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1892). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 1. Bis zum Jahre 1221''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Guelpherbytensis|Circulo Guelpherbytensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Wolfenbüttel">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Guelpherbytensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Wolfenbüttel'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Guelpherbytensis-e" ad [[Guelpherbytum]] refertur. Quo de toponymo, vide [https://vd18.gbv.de/viewer/fullscreen/006049869/1/ ''vd18.gbv.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) Pro eo ac debuisti, urbs aerumnosa, infelix ac misera Guelpherbytum (...)"; et quo de gentilicio, vide [https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/MBRY52X6EUWPQOQRFBKHVLYBSUG4M6LS ''Carmina Votiva Honori Clarißimi atq[ue] Experientißimi Viri Dn. Samuelis Stockhausen''], ubi dicitur "(...) Practici Guelpherbytensis (...)".</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'')</small> * [[Burgdorfium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>(in [[Hannovera (regio)|Regione Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borgdörp'' seu ''Bortörp'')</small> * [[Burgium (Saxonia Inferior)|Burgium]]<ref name="Remling VII 2026">Remling, L. (2026). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Emsland''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Börger''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borger'')</small> * [[Buria (Saxonia Inferior)|Buria]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski & Udolph"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bühren'')</small> * [[Bursina (Saxonia Inferior)|Bursina]]<ref name="Casemir 2003">Casemir, K. (2003). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil III)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Börßum'')</small> * [[Butiadinga]]<ref name="Ehmck & Bippen II 1876">Ehmck, D. R., & Bippen, W. von. (Ed.) (1876). ''Bremisches Urkundenbuch: Band 2. 1301–1350''. D. Ed. Müller.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Butjadingen'')</small> * [[Buxtehuda]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1842">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1842). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Buxtehude''; [[Saxonice]] ''Buxthu'')</small> * [[Byspinga]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1859">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1859). ''Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, Fünfte Abtheilung: Archiv des Klosters St. Michaelis zu Lüneburg''. Capaun-Karlowa’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bispingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bissen'')</small> {{div col end}} === C === {{div col|3}} * [[Campus Rufus]]<ref name="Stüve 1789"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Rothenfelde'')</small> * [[Capella (Saxonia Inferior)|Capella]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894">Philippi, F. (Ed.) (1894). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Band 2. Die Urkunden der Jahre 1201–1250''. H. Th. Wenner.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cappeln'')</small> * [[Castrovallium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Burgwedel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borwee'' seu ''Boorwee'')</small> * [[Cella (Germania)|Cella]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Celle'')</small> * [[Clenza]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896">Janicke, K. (Ed.) (1896). ''Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Hildesheim und seiner Bischöfe: Band 2. Von 1221 bis 1260''. S. Hirzel.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clenze''; [[Polabice]] ''Kloncka'')</small> * [[Cloppenburgum]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cloppenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cloppenborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Kloppenbuurich'')</small> * [[Collis (Saxonia Inferior)|Collis]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Polle'') * [[Cramma]]<ref name="Casemir 2003"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cramme'')</small> * [[Cuxhavia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Cuxhaven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuxhoben'')</small> {{div col end}} === D === {{div col|3}} * [[Dalemia]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlem'')</small> * [[Dalenburgum]]<ref name="Rzihacek & Spreitzer XI 2024">Rzihacek, A., & Spreitzer, F. (Ed.) (2024). ''Die Urkunden Otto IV (Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Diplomata Regum et Imperatorum Germaniae, Tomus XI). Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dahlenborg'')</small> * [[Dalum]]<ref name="Janicke II 1896"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dahlum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Tahln'')</small> * [[Damma (Saxonia Inferior)|Damma]]<ref name="Philippi II 1894"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Damme'')</small> * [[Damnatzium]]<ref name="Garzmann LXXVI 2004">Garzmann, M. R. W. (Ed.) (2004). ''Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte: Neue Folge der Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen (Band 76)''. Hahnsche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Damnatz'')</small> * [[Danneberga]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dannenberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dannenbarg''; [[Polabice]] ''Wajdars'')</small> * [[Danthorpum]]<ref name="Casemir & Menzel % Udolph VII 2011">Casemir, K., Menzel, F., & Udolph, J. (2011). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII''). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Danndorf'')</small> * [[Dassela]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dassel'')</small> * [[Dedenhusa]]<ref name="-husaDeensen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Dedehusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Casemir, K., & Ohainski, U. (2007). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Holzminden (Veröffentlichungen del Institut für Historische Landesforschung der Universität Göttingen, Vol. 51)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Deensen'')</small> * [[Deinste]]<ref name="Vanni & Rossi 2012">Vanni, D., & Rossi, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Index Nominum Geographicorum Locorumque Mundi Latine Redditus''. Societas Latina.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deinst'')</small> * [[Deinstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deinstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deins'')</small> * [[Delmenhorstium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Delmenhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Demost'')</small> * [[Dengdia]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Denkte'')</small> * [[Derental]]<ref name="Casemir & Ohainski VI 2007"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Derental'')</small> * [[Dersum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dersum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Derßm'')</small> * [[Dettum]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dettum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Detten'')</small> * [[Dicla]]<ref name="Mooyer 1855">Mooyer, E. F. (Ed.) (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des vormaligen Stiftes Minden''. J. C. C. Bruns.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dickel'')</small> * [[Didderse]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Didderse'' et [[Saxonice]] ''Deesse'')</small> * [[Diekholza]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diekholzen'')</small> * [[Dielmissa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dielmissen'')</small> * [[Diepenavia]]<ref name="-avia">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-au'' seu ''-aw'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-avia-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Iereslavia]], [[Iunonwladislavia]], [[Labiavia]], [[Landavia]], [[Lindavia]], [[Liptavia]], [[Lobavia]], [[Lochavia]], [[Lublavia]], [[Luccavia]], [[Mitavia]], [[Multavia]], [[Namslavia]], [[Neoboleslavia]], [[Olavia]], [[Oppavia]], [[Pegavia]], [[Pillavia]], [[Premislavia]], inter alia, apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Diepenau'')</small> * [[Diepholtia]]<ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Diepholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deefholt'')</small> * [[Dinklage]]<ref name="Egger 1977"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dinklage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dinklaoge'')</small> * [[Disaldishusa]]<ref name="-husaDelligsen">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Disaldishusen'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: Reuter, A. (Ed.) (1950). ''1100 Jahre Delligsen: Geschichte der Hilsmulde und des Ortes Delligsen''. Verlag der Gemeinde Delligsen. </ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Delligsen'')</small> * [[Disna (Saxonia Inferior)|Disna]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dissen am Teutoburger Wald'')</small> * [[Dohra (Terra Emesensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Terrae Emesensis|Terra Emesensi]]<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Terrae Altenburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Emsland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum "terra-ae" Theodiscum lexema ''-land'' vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Emesensis-e" ad flumen [[Amisia|Emesam]] refertur. De hoc hydronymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dohren '')</small> * [[Dohra (Circulus Harburgensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>(in [[Circulus Harburgensis|Circulo Harburgensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Harburg"/>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dohren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Duhrn'')</small> * [[Dolnere]]<ref name="Dolnere">Vide [https://adw-goe.de/fileadmin/forschungsprojekte/ortsnamen_rhein_elbe/dokumente/Publikationen_Udolph_PDF/2001-2005/315._Udolph_Anmerkungen_zum_Ortsnamen_Dollern.pdf ''Anmerkugen zum Ortsnamen Dollern''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1105 (Fälschung Mitte 12. Jh.) ''Dolnere'' (...) 1209 ''Johannes de dolnere'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dollern'')</small> * [[Doristacus]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dorstadt'')</small> * [[Dornum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Dornum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dornm'')</small> * [[Dorverda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Dörverden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dörbern'' seu ''Dörb'' seu ''Dörveern'')</small> * [[Dotlinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dötlingen'')</small> * [[Drage (Albis)|Drage]]<ref name="Drage">'''Drage-es'''; declinatio regularis generis Graeci vel Latini in prima declinatione, aut ut nomen substantivum regulare primae declinationis in geographicis rationibus modernis tractatum. Quo de toponymo, vide: Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drage''; [[Saxonice]] ''Draag'')</small> * [[Drentwede]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1842"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drentwede'')</small> * [[Drestadium]]<ref name="-stadt"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drestedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dreest'')</small> * [[Drochtersa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Drochtersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Drochters'')</small> * [[Dudanebutli]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1841">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1841). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch (Band 1)''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Düdenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düünbeudel'')</small> * [[Duderstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Duderstadt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Dustadt'')</small> * [[Dunsa]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dünsen'')</small> * [[Dunum (Saxonia Inferior)|Dunum]]<ref name="Houtrouw 1889">Houtrouw, O. G. (1889). ''Ostfriesland: Eine geschichtlich-ortskundige Wanderung gegen Ende der Fürstenzeit (Band 1)''. Dunkmann.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dunum'')</small> * [[Duthungun]]<ref name="Udolph 2004"/> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Duingen''; [[Saxonice|Ostfalice]] ''Daujen'')</small> {{div col end}} === E === {{div col|3}} * [[Ebbestorpium]]<ref name="Jaitner 1985">Jaitner, K. (Ed.) (1985). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Ebstorf (Lüneburger Urkundenbuch, 14. Abteilung)''. Lax Verlag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ebstörp'')</small> * [[Ebersdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Ebersdorfium]]<ref name="Ebersdorfium">Theodiscum toponymum ''Ebersdorf' in Latinam "Ebersdorfium" verti solet. V.gr. vide [https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ebersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eversdörp'')</small> * [[Echemium]]<ref name="-hemium">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Echem''; [[Saxonice]] ''Echen'')</small> * [[Edemissa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Edemissen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emisse'')</small> * [[Edestorpe]]<ref name="Minden 1902">Minden, G. von (Ed.) (1902). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe von Verden (Band 1)''. Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Egestorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äästörp'')</small> * [[Edewechte]]<ref name="Berger 2012">Berger, D. (2012). ''Edewecht''. In ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. Walter de Gruyter.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Edewecht''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erwech''; historice ''Adewacht'')</small> * [[Eggermuhla]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eggermühlen'')</small> * [[Ehra-Lessia]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Ehra-Lessien'')</small> * [[Eicklinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eicklingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eikeln'')</small> * [[Eildissum]]<ref name="Stumpf-Brentano II 1865">Stumpf-Brentano, K. F. (Ed.) (1865). ''Die Reichskanzler vornehmlich des X., XI. und XII. Jahrhunderts: Acta Imperii Selecta'' (Vol. 2). [[Aeni Pons (Austria)|Aeni Ponte]]: Wagner'schen Universitäts-Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Eilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ahlsen'')</small> * [[Eima]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimen'')</small> * [[Eime]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eime'')</small> * [[Eimke]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eimke''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimk'')</small> * [[Ekelum]]<ref>Vide: Von Hodenberg, W. (Ed.) (1855). ''Walsroder Urkundenbuch (Urkunde Nr. 19)''. Hahnsche Hofbuchhandlung. Quo opere "proprietatem bonorum in Ekelo, que ab ecclesia Walsrodensi in feodum tenuit, pro quinquaginta marcis seriosius comparavit." dicitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eickeloh'')</small> * [[Elbingeroda]]<ref name="-roda"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbingerode'')</small> * [[Eldinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eldingen'')</small> * [[Elsdorfium (Saxonia Inferior)|Elsdorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Elsdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Elsdörp'')</small> * [[Elvede]]<ref name="Hoops 2003">Hoops, J. (Ed.) (2003). ''Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch III: Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''. Biliveldae: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Elbe'')</small> * [[Embeca]]<ref name="Embeca">"non ignobiles Saxoniae civitates, Embeca et Gottinga" {{Google Books|I7pXAAAAcAAJ|p. 734}}. Interdum "Embica", "Embecka" etc. reperis</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Einbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Aimbeck'')</small> * [[Embsa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Embsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emsen'')</small> * [[Emda]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Emden''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Oamde'')</small> * [[Emmelkampus]]<ref name="Emmelkampus">Vide [https://www.altreformiert.de/beuker/geschichte/grafschaft-bentheim/ERK-GRAFSCH_Classis_1625-1705_Prot_-_Plasger_2021_gjb.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Protokolle der Classis der reformierten Prediger der Grafschaft Bentheim 1625–1705''], ubi dicitur "(...) Domino Bernhardus Tinneken Pastorum Emmelkampum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emlichheim''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Batavice]] ''Emmelkamp'')</small> * [[Emmendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emdörp'')</small> * [[Emphstece]]<ref name="Emphstece">Vide [https://www.emstek.de/die-gemeinde/ortsteile/emstek?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''www.emstek.de'']; ubi dicitur "(...) Urkunde aus dem Jahre 947 als „Emphstece" (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Emstek''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emstäk'')</small> * [[Emsbura]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emsbüren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büren'')</small> * [[Emtinghusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emtinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emhusen'')</small> * [[Engda]]<ref name="-a"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engn'')</small> * [[Engelschofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Engelschoff''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engelschopp'')</small> * [[Erenburgum]]<ref name="Minden II 1902">Minden, G. von (Ed.) (1902). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe von Verden und Minden (Band 2)''. Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Ehrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ehrenborg'')</small> * [[Erkeroda]]<ref name="-roda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-rode'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-roda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Baceroda]], [[Gerningeroda]], [[Osteroda]], [[Werningroda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Erkerode''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erkero'')</small> * [[Ermelstorpium]]<ref name="Pratje 1759"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Armstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Armsdörp'')</small> * [[Eschede]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eschede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esche'')</small> * [[Eschershusa]]<ref name="-husa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-haus(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-husa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Petrishusa]], [[Sachsenhusa]], [[Sangerhusa]], [[Sunthusa]], [[Ahusa]], [[Bebenhusa]], [[Buozolteshusa]], [[Chuzenhusa]], [[Husa]], [[Francohusa]], [[Gisinhusa]], [[Harthusa]], [[Hilpertohusa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eschershausen'')</small> * [[Esdorpe]]<ref name="Lisch & Wigger">Lisch, G. C. F., & Wigger, F. (Ed.). (1878). ''Mecklenburgisches Urkundenbuch''.</ref> <small>(in [[Circulus Stadae|Circulo Stadae]]<ref name="Landkreis Stade">Fingitur nomen "Circulus Stadae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Stade'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Stadae]]", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref>)</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')</small> * [[Esena]]<ref name="Graesse">{{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esens'')</small> * [[Essel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Essel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Äsel'')</small> * [[Esterwega]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esterwegen''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Äästerweede'')</small> * [[Evergoteshemium]]<ref name="-hemiumEver">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-he(i)m'' et ''-hjem'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hemium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ingelhemium]], [[Eboreshemium]], [[Arnhemium]], [[Oppenhemium]], [[Forchemium]], [[Gerineshemium]], [[Benthemium]], [[Buxhemium]], [[Dronthemium]], [[Enshemium]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum primae formae huius toponymi ''Euergoteshem'' testatae applicatur. Qua de pristina forma, vide: H. Bresslau et. al.: ''Die Urkunden Heinrichs II. und Arduins''. In: Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Die Urkunden der deutschen Könige und Kaiser, Band 3. [[Hannovera]]e 1900–1903.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ebergötzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ewerchötzschen'')</small> * [[Everinga]]<ref name="-ingaEvern">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}. Hoc casu suffixum mediaevali formae huius toponymi ''Everinge'' testatae applicatur. Quo de mediaevali toponymo, vide: Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (1998). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises und der Stadt Hannover (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil I)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Deutsch Evern''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düütsch Äwern'')</small> * [[Eversmeer]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eversmeer'')</small> * [[Evessum]]<ref name="NOB 2004">Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (2004). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter''' (NOB III). [[Gottinga]]e: Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Evessen'')</small> * [[Eydelstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eydelstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eidelstee'')</small> * [[Eyendorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Eyendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eyndörp'')</small> * [[Eystharpa]]<ref name="-tharpa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-trup'' seu ''-drup'' seu ''-trop'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-tharpa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Butilingtharpa]], [[Graftharpa]], [[Gumorodingtharpa]], [[Haringtharpa]], [[Heppingtharpa]], [[Holttharpa]], [[Hurstharpa]], [[Kathingtharpa]], [[Kiedeningtharpa]], [[Marastharpa]], [[Markiligtharpa]], [[Meinbrahtingtharpa]], [[Peingtharpa]], [[Radistharpa]], [[Sutharpa]], [[Tettingtharpa]], [[Vilomaringtharpa]], [[Winikingtharpa]], [[Varetharpa]], [[Vrilingtharpa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Eystrup'')</small> {{div col end}} === F === {{div col|3}} * [[Fallingbostela]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bad Fallingbostel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Fambossel'')</small> * [[Fardium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Verden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Veern'')</small> * [[Farva]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Farven''; [[Saxonice]] ''Farm'')</small> * [[Fassberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Faßberg'')</small> * [[Filsum]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Filsum'')</small> * [[Firrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Firrel'')</small> * [[Florimontium (circulus Widmundensis)|Florimontium]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Blomberg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bloombarg'' seu ''Blombarg'')</small> * [[Flotide]]<ref name="Flotide">De nominibus "Flotide" {{caa|780|802}}, "Flathi" {{caa|1013}}, "Flatide" {{caa|1142}}, "Flothethe" {{caa|1187}}, "Vlothe" {{caa|1189}} et "Flotethe" {{caa|1194}}, vide: Udolph, Jürgen. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160729194352/https://www.ndr.de/ndr1niedersachsen/programm/Ortsnamen-Uebersicht-fuer-Buchstaben-F,ortsnamenforscher111.html ''Ortsnamenforscher'']. ''NDR 1 Niedersachsen''.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Flöthe'')</small> * [[Frankenfelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Frankenfeld'')</small> * [[Freda]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freden'')</small> * [[Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-beck'' seu ''-beek'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-biki-orum", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Aesebiki]], [[Asbiki]], [[Beverbiki]], [[Gledabiki]], [[Goltbiki]], [[Sannanabiki]], [[Trobiki]], [[Walbeka|Walbiki]], [[Winesbiki]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek'')</small> * [[Frera]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Freren'')</small> * [[Fresenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Fresenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fräsenborg'')</small> * [[Friburgum (Albis)|Friburgum]]<ref name="Friburgum">Theodiscum toponymum ''Freiburg'' Latino toponymo "Friburgum" verti solet. Cf. [[Friburgum Brisgoviae]] aut [[Friburgum Nuithonum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Freiburg/Elbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fryborg'' seu ''Freiborg'')</small> * [[Friedeburg]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Friedlandia (Saxonia Inferior)|Friedland]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Friesoythe]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Fürstenau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Furstenberga]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> {{div col end}} === G === {{div col|3}} * [[Ganderkesee]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Gandershemium]]<ref>[http://books.google.fi/books?id=6kwBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA27&lpg=PA27&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=_NMr2DmhUK&sig=CXPUuuKZ8W03AC7uB3YlYYNscJ4&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false R. p. Hertenberger: ''Historia pragmatica universalis, sacra et profana''], p.27; [http://books.google.fi/books?id=yScyAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58&dq=Gandershemium&source=bl&ots=ZoGX4tZRRD&sig=8fUZc6grFgYD0jN-twVcDyzarYI&hl=fi&sa=X&ei=7z7WUrfrO8iC4gTGxoGYCw&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Gandershemium&f=false ''Acta Sanctorum, Junii'' (1698-1717), cit. in ''A Companion to Hrotsvit of Gandersheim (fl. 960)''], p. 58 n.103.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Gandersheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ganderssen'')</small> * [[Gandesbergen]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Garbsen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Garlstorf]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Garrel]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Garstedt]] <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Gartow]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''''; [[Saxonice]] '''')</small> * [[Geeste]] * [[Geestland]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Gehrde]] * [[Gehrden]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Georgsdorf]] * [[Georgsmarienhütte]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Gerdau]] * [[Gersten]] * [[Getelo]] * [[Gevensleben]] * [[Gevera]]<ref name="Egli 1893"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Jever'')</small> * [[Geversdorf]] * [[Gieboldehausen]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Giesen]] * [[Gifhorna]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Gifhorn'')</small> * [[Gilten]] * [[Glandorf]] * [[Gleichen]] * [[Gnarrenburg]] * [[Gödenstorf]] * [[Göhrde]] * [[Goldenstedt]] * [[Gölenkamp]] * [[Golmbach]] * [[Gorleben]] * [[Goslaria]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Goslar''; [[Saxonice]] ''Goslär'')</small> * [[Gottinga]]<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=kkM-AAAAcAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=gottingensis&lr=&cd=14#v=onepage&q=&f=false Libri Googles].</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Göttingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Chöttingen'')</small> * [[Grafhorst]] * [[Grasberg]] * [[Grasleben]] * [[Grethem]] * [[Gronau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Groß Berßen]] * [[Großefehn]] * [[Großenkneten]] * [[Großenwörden]] * [[Großheide]] * [[Groß Ippener]] * [[Groß Meckelsen]] * [[Groß Oesingen]] * [[Groß Twülpstedt]] * [[Grundensis Civitas Metallica]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus E-M">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050913 ''Orbis latinus: Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 2. E-M''].</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Grund'')</small> * [[Grünendeich]] * [[Guderhandviertel]] * [[Guelpherbytum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfenbüttel'')</small> * [[Gusborn]] * [[Gyhum]] {{div col end}} === H === {{div col|3}} * [[Hademstorf]] * [[Haga Schauenburgi]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stadthagen'')</small> * [[Hage]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Hagen am Teutoburger Wald]] * [[Hagen im Bremischen]] * [[Hagenburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Hagermarsch]] * [[Hahausen]] * [[Halbemond]] * [[Halle (comitatus Binethensis)|Halle]] <small>(b.Neuenhaus)</small> * [[Halle (Holtisminni)|Halle]] <small>(Montes Visurgis)</small> * [[Halvesbostel]] * [[Hamala]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hameln'')</small> * [[Hambergen]] * [[Hambühren]] * [[Hämelhausen]] * [[Hamersen]] * [[Hammah]] * [[Handeloh]] * [[Handorf]] * [[Handrup]] * [[Hankensbüttel]] * [[Hannovera]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[caput (urbs)|caput]] [[Terra foederalis (Germania)|terrae foederalis]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hannover''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hannober'')</small> * [[Hann. Münden]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Hanstedt (Circulus Ulsenensis)|Hanstedt]] <small>(in [[Circulus Ulsenensis|Circulo Ulsenensi]]<ref name="Landkreis Uelzen"/>)</small> * [[Hanstedt (Nordheide)|Hanstedt]] <small>(Nordheide)</small> * [[Harbarnsen]] * [[Hardegsen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Haren (Amisia)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Harmstorf]] * [[Harpstedt]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Harsefeld]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Harsum]] * [[Hartsburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Harzburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Harzeborg'')</small> * [[Hasbergen]] * [[Haselünne]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Haßbergen]] * [[Hassel (Weser)]] * [[Hassendorf]] * [[Haste]] * [[Hatten]] * [[Hattorf ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Häuslingen]] * [[Haverlah]] * [[Hechthausen]] * [[Hedeper]] * [[Heede (Emsland)|Heede]] * [[Heemsen]] * [[Heere]] * [[Heeslingen]] * [[Heeßen]] * [[Hehlen]] * [[Heidenau (Saxonia Inferior)|Heidenau]] * [[Heinade]] * [[Heinbockel]] * [[Heiningen (Niedersachsen)|Heiningen]] * [[Heinsen]] * [[Hellwege]] * [[Helmstadium]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Helmstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Helmstidde'')</small> * [[Helpsen]] * [[Helvesiek]] * [[Hemmingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hemmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hemsbünde]] * [[Hemslingen]] * [[Hemsloh]] * [[Hepstedt]] * [[Herzberg am Harz]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Herzlake]] * [[Hesel]] * [[Hespe]] * [[Hessisch Oldendorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Heuerßen]] * [[Heyen]] * [[Hildesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Hildesheim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Hilmessen'' seu ''Hilmssen'')</small> * [[Hilgermissen]] * [[Hilkenbrook]] * [[Hillerse]] * [[Hilter am Teutoburger Wald]] * [[Himbergen]] * [[Himmelpforten]] * [[Hinte]] * [[Hipstedt]] * [[Hittbergen]] * [[Hitzacker]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hodenhagen]] * [[Höhbeck]] * [[Hohenhameln]] * [[Hohne]] * [[Hohnhorst]] * [[Hohnstorf (Albis)]] * [[Holdorf (Niedersachsen)|Holdorf]] * [[Holenberg]] * [[Holle]] * [[Hollenstedt]] * [[Hollern-Twielenfleth]] * [[Hollnseth]] * [[Holste]] * [[Holtgast]] * [[Holtisminni]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Holzminden''; [[Saxonice]] ''Holtsminne'')</small> * [[Holtland]] * [[Holzen (prope Eschershusam)|Holzen]] * [[Hoogstede]] * [[Hörden ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Horneburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Horstedt (Niedersachsen)|Horstedt]] * [[Hoya]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Hoyerhagen]] * [[Hoyershausen]] * [[Hude (Oldenburg)]] * [[Hüde]] * [[Hülsede]] * [[Husum (bei Nienburg)|Husum]] * [[Hüven]] {{div col end}} === I === {{div col|3}} * [[Iburgum]]<ref name="Von Schaten 1714">Von Schaten, N. (1714). ''Monumenta Osnabrugensia ex historia romana, francica, saxonicaque eruta''. Typis Jodoci Henrici Meyer.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Iburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Ibig'' seu ''Ibig'')</small> * [[Ihlienworth]] * [[Ihlow (Frisia Orientalis)|Ihlow]] * [[Ilsede]] * [[Ingeleben]] * [[Isenbüttel]] * [[Isernhagen]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Isterberg]] * [[Itterbeck]] {{div col end}} === J === {{div col|3}} * [[Jade (Saxonia Inferior)|Jade]] * [[Jameln]] * [[Jelmstorf]] * [[Jembke]] * [[Jemgum]] * [[Jerxheim]] * [[Jesteburg]] * [[Jork]] * [[Jühnde]] * [[Juist]] {{div col end}} === K === {{div col|3}} * [[Kakenstorf]] * [[Kalbe (Niedersachsen)|Kalbe]] * [[Kalefeld]] * [[Karwitz]] * [[Katlenburg-Lindau]] * [[Kettenkamp]] * [[Kirchbrak]] * [[Kirchdorf (bei Sulingen)|Kirchdorf]] * [[Kirchgellersen]] * [[Kirchlinteln]] * [[Kirchseelte]] * [[Kirchtimke]] * [[Kirchwalsede]] * [[Kissenbrück]] * [[Klein Berßen]] * [[Klein Meckelsen]] * [[Kluse (Emsland)|Kluse]] * [[Kneitlingen]] * [[Köhlen]] * [[Königsmoor]] * [[Kranenburg (Oste)|Kranenburg]] * [[Krebeck]] * [[Krummendeich]] * [[Krummhörn]] * [[Kührstedt]] * [[Küsten]] * [[Kutenholz]] {{div col end}} === L === {{div col|3}} * [[Laar]] * [[Laatzen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Lachendorf]] * [[Laerium]]<ref name="Stüve 1789">Stüve, J. E. (1789). ''Beschreibung des Fürstenthums Osnabrück mit einigen Urkunden''. Kißling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Laer'')</small> * [[Lage (Saxonia Inferior)|Lage]] * [[Lähden]] * [[Lahn (Hümmling)|Lahn]] * ''[[Lamspringe]]'' * [[Lamstedt]] * [[Landesbergen]] * [[Landolfshausen]] * [[Landwehr (Gemeinde)|Landwehr]] * [[Langelsheim]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * '''[[Langen (bei Bremerhaven)|Langen]]''' <small>(b.Bremerhaven)</small> * [[Langen (Emsland)|Langen]] <small>(Emsland)</small> * [[Langendorf (Elbe)|Langendorf]] * [[Langenhagen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Langeoog]] * [[Langlingen]] * [[Langwedel (Weser)|Langwedel]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lastrup]] * [[Lathen]] * [[Lauenau]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lauenbrück]] * [[Lauenförde]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lauenhagen]] * [[Leese]] * [[Leezdorf]] * [[Lehe (Emsland)|Lehe]] * [[Lehre (Niedersachsen)|Lehre]] * [[Lehrte]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Leiferde]] * [[Lembruch]] * [[Lemförde]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Lemgow]] * [[Lemwerdera]]<ref name="Rüthning 1926">Rüthning, G. (Ed.) (1926). ''Oldenburger Urkundenbuch''. Gerhard Stalling.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Lemwerder'')</small> * [[Lengede]] * [[Lengenbostel]] * [[Lengerich (Emsland)|Lengerich]] * [[Lenne (Niedersachsen)|Lenne]] * [[Leopolis (Saxonia Inferior)|Leopolis]]<ref name="Ebel 1960">Ebel, W. (1960). ''Lübisches Recht: Erster Band''. Hansischer Geschichtsverein.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bleckede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bleikd'')</small> * [[Leri]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Leer''; [[lingua Saxonica|Orientofrisosaxonice]] ''Läär''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lier'')</small> * [[Liebenau (Niedersachsen)|Liebenau]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Liebenburg]] * [[Lilienthal]] * [[Lindern (Oldenburg)]] * [[Lindhorst]] * [[Lindwedel]] * [[Lingen (Ems)]] <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Linsburg]] * [[Lintig]] * [[Locus Occidentalis (Saxonia Inferior)|Locus Occidentalis]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703">Cellarius, C. (1703). ''Geographia Antiqua iuxta et Nova''. Ienae: Bielckius.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Westerstede''; [[Saxonice]] ''Westerstäe'')</small> * [[Lohne (Oldenburg)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Löningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Lorup]] * [[Loxstedt]] * [[Lübberstedt]] * [[Lübbow]] * [[Luchovia]]<ref name="Luchovia">Vide [https://ia801403.us.archive.org/28/items/antiquitatessele00keys/antiquitatessele00keys.pdf ''Antiquitates selectae septentrionales et Celticae''], ubi dicitur "(...) De Venedicis aut Germanicis prope Luchoviam effossis Epistola ''Georgii Frid, Mithofii'' data Luchovia d. 17. Maji 1691 (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüchow''; [[Polabice]] ''Ljauchüw'')</small> * [[Luckau (Saxonia Inferior)|Luckau]] * [[Lüder (Lüneburger Heide)|Lüder]] * [[Lüdersburg]] * [[Lüdersfeld]] * [[Lüerdissen]] * [[Luhden]] * [[Luneburgum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>magna urbs sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Lüneburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Lümborg'' seu ''Lünborg''; [[Lingua Saxonica antiqua|Palaeosaxonice]] ''Hliuni'')</small> * [[Lünne]] * [[Lütetsburg]] * ''[[Lutter am Barenberge]]'' * [[Luttera Regalis]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Königslutter am Elm'')</small> {{div col end}} === M === {{div col|3}} * [[Maasen]] * [[Maius Vrelstede]]<ref name="Maius Vrelstede">Vide [https://rep.adw-goe.de/bitstream/handle/11858/00-001S-0000-0023-9B76-2/NOB%20VII%20Die%20Ortsnamen%20des%20Landkreises%20Helmstedt%20und%20der%20Stadt%20Wolfsburg.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1&utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der stadt WoLfsburg''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1318 ''in Maiori Vrelstede'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Frellstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Frillstidde'')</small> * [[Marienhafe]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Marienhagen]] * [[Mariental (Niedersachsen)|Mariental]] * [[Marklohe]] * [[Marl (Dümmer)|Marl]] * [[Marschacht]] * [[Martfeld]] * [[Marxen]] * [[Mechtersen]] * [[Meerbeck]] * [[Meine]] * [[Meinersen]] * [[Melbeck]] * [[Melle]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Mellinghausen]] * [[Menslage]] * [[Meppea]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Meppen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Möppen'')</small> * [[Merzen]] * [[Messenkamp]] * [[Messingen]] * [[Midlum (Land Wursten)|Midlum]] * [[Misselwarden]] * [[Mittelnkirchen]] * [[Mittelstenahe]] * [[Moisburg]] * [[Molbergen]] * [[Mons Catonis (Saxonia Inferior)|Mons Catonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Cadenberge''; [[Saxonice]] ''Cuddeldutt'' seu ''Kumbarg'')</small> * [[Moormerland]] * [[Moorweg]] * [[Moringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Müden (Alara)]] * [[Mulsum (Land Wursten)|Mulsum]] * [[Mundia Hannoverana]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Munimeri]]<ref name="Dronke 1844">Dronke, E. F. J. (Ed.) (1844). ''Traditiones et Antiquitates Fuldenses: Chartae et registra historica saeculi IX''. Fuldense: Typis Müllerianis.</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Münder am Deister''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Münner'')</small> * [[Munster (Örtze)|Munster]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === N === {{div col|3}} * [[Nahrendorf]] * [[Natendorf]] * [[Neetze]] * [[Negenborn]] * [[Nenndorf (circulus Widmundensis)|Nenndorf]] * [[Neubörger]] * [[Neu Darchau]] * [[Neuenhaus]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Altes Land)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Altes Land)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (bei Bassum)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(b.Bassum)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Land Hadeln)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Land Hadeln)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Landkreis Osnabrück)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Lkr.Osnabrück)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen (Lüneburger Heide)|Neuenkirchen]] <small>(Lüneb.Heide)</small> * [[Neuenkirchen-Vörden]] * [[Neuharlingersiel]] * [[Neuhaus (Oste)]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Neuhof (Landkreis Hildesheim)|Neuhof]] * [[Neukamperfehn]] * [[Neulehe]] * [[Neuschoo]] * [[Neustadt am Rübenberge]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Neu Wulmstorf]] * [[Niederlangen]] * [[Niedernwöhren]] * [[Niemetal]] * [[Nienhagen (Landkreis Celle)|Nienhagen]] * [[Nienstädt]] * [[Norden]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Nordenham]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Norderney]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Nordholz]] * [[Nordleda]] * [[Nordsehl]] * [[Nordstemmen]] * [[Nörten-Hardenberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Northemium]]<ref name="Nothemium">Vide [https://mateo.uni-mannheim.de/camenahist/wassenberg1/Wassenberg_florus.html ''FLORUS GERMANICUS''] , ubi dicitur "(...) Et VVolferbytum, Northemium, Steinbruggam, Nienburgum (...) Primo vere Tillius tribunos suos Northemium misit (...) Caesaeriani Northemium expugnant (...)".</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Northeim''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nuurten'')</small> * [[Northorna]]<ref name="Egli 1893">Egli, J. J. (1893). ''Nomina Geographica: Sprach- und Sacherklärung von 42000 Geographischen Namen aller Erdräume''. [[Lipsia]]e: Friedrich Brandstetter.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nordhorn''; [[Saxonice]] ''Nothoorn'' seu ''Notthoarn'' seu ''Netthoarn'' seu ''Noordhoorn'')</small> * [[Nortmoor]] * [[Nortrup]] * [[Nottensdorf]] * [[Nova Urbs (Saxonia Inferior)|Nova Urbs]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Nienburg/Weser''; [[Saxonice]] ''Näinborg'' seu ''Nienborg'' seu ''Neenborg'' seu ''Negenborg'')</small> * [[Novale Frigidum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Colnrade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Kollenroad'')</small> {{div col end}} === O === {{div col|3}} * [[Oberlangen]] * [[Oberndorf (Oste)|Oberndorf]] * [[Obernfeld]] * [[Obernholz]] * [[Obernkirchen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ochtersum]] * [[Odisheim]] * [[Oederquart]] * [[Oerel]] * [[Oetzen]] * [[Ohne]] * [[Ohrum]] * [[Oldenburgum]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Oldendorf (Landkreis Stade)|Oldendorf]] <small>(Lkr.Stade)</small> * [[Oldendorf (Luhe)]] * [[Osloß]] * [[Osnabruga]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Osnabrück''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Ossenbrääch''; [[Saxonice]] et [[Lingua Saxonica|Westfalice]] ''Ossenbrügge'')</small> * [[Osteel]] * [[Osten (Oste)|Osten]] * [[Osterbruch]] * [[Ostercappeln]] * [[Ostereistedt]] * [[Osterode am Harz]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Osterwald]] * [[Ostrhauderfehn]] * [[Ottenstein (Niedersachsen)|Ottenstein]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Otter]] * [[Otterndorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Ottersberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Ovelgönne]] * [[Ovenhagium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1703"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Auhagen'')</small> * [[Oyten]] {{div col end}} === P === {{div col|3}} * [[Padingbüttel]] * [[Papenburg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Parsau]] * [[Pattensen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Pegestorf]] * [[Pennigsehl]] * [[Petrimons]]<ref name="Perizonius 1758">Perizonius, J. (1758). ''Compendium historiarum antiquissimarum, civilium et ecclesiasticarum, usque ad seculum decimum octavum: Cum appendice de ducatu Westphaliae et comitatu Petrimontano''. Ex officina Wetsteniana.</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Pyrmont''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bad Puurmont'')</small> * [[Pohle]] * [[Pollhagen]] * [[Pons Cobbanus]]<ref name="Leuckfeld 1714">Leuckfeld, J. G. (1714). ''Antiquitates Blankenburgenses, oder Historische Beschreibung derer vormals berühmten Grafen von Blankenburg, nebst dazugehörigen diplomatibus und Chartis''. Gottfried Freytag.</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Coppenbrügge'')</small> * [[Poynum]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Peine''; [[Saxonice]] ''Paane''; [[Lingua Theodisca alta recens|Protoneoaltotheodisce]] ''Peina'')</small> * [[Praefectura Neohusana]]<ref name="Grupen II 1742">Grupen, C. U. (1742). ''Disceptationes Forenses cum Observationibus Juris: De originibus et iurisdictione praefecturarum ditionis Brunsvicensis (Caput de Praefectura Neohusana)'' (Vol. II). Hannoverae: Förster.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Amt Neuhaus'')</small> * [[Pratum Vitulorum]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Calberlah'')</small> * [[Prezelle]] * [[Prinzhöfte]] {{div col end}} === Q === {{div col|3}} * [[Quakenbrück]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Quendorf]] * [[Querenhorst]] * [[Quernheim]] {{div col end}} === R === {{div col|3}} * [[Räbke]] * [[Radbruch]] * [[Raddestorf]] * [[Rastdorf]] * [[Rastede]] * [[Rätzlingen (Niedersachsen)|Rätzlingen]] * [[Rechtsupweg]] * [[Reeßum]] * [[Regesbostel]] * [[Rehburg-Loccum]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rehden]] * [[Rehlingen]] * [[Reinstorf]] * [[Remlingen (Niedersachsen)|Remlingen]] * [[Renkenberge]] * [[Rennau]] * [[Reppenstedt]] * [[Rethem (Aller)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rhade]] * [[Rhauderfehn]] * [[Rhede (Ems)]] * [[Rhumspringe]] * [[Ribbesbüttel]] * [[Riede (Landkreis Verden)|Riede]] * [[Rieste]] * [[Ringe]] * [[Ringstedt]] * [[Rinteln]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Ritterhude]] * [[Rodenberg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Rodewald]] * [[Rohrsen]] * [[Roklum]] * [[Rollshausen]] * [[Römstedt]] * [[Ronnenberg]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Rosche]] * [[Rosdorf]] * [[Rosengarten (Landkreis Harburg)|Rosengarten]] * [[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]<ref name="Rotenburgum ad Wemmam">De Latino toponymico syntagmate "[[Rotenburgum ad Wemmam]]" -ad quod Latinum gentilicium "Rotenburgensis-e" refertur-, vide homonymas urbes apud {{Graesse}} et {{Hofmannus}}. De hydronymo "[[Wemma]]", etiam vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Rotenburg''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Rotenburg an der Wümme''; [[Saxonice]] ''Rodenborg'')</small> * [[Rötgesbüttel]] * [[Rüdershausen]] * [[Rühen]] * [[Rullstorf]] {{div col end}} === S === {{div col|3}} * [[Sachsenhagen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sagterlandia]]<ref name="BOV 2013">Bischöfliches Offizialat Vechta (2013). ''Findbuch des Offizialatsarchivs Vechta: Altes Archiv (Abteilung A: Saterlandia, Kirchliche Unterlagen, Akte A 8: „Informatio de Sagterlandia“ aus dem Jahre 1710)''. Vechtae, in Germania: Bischöfliches Offizialat.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Saterland''; quoque [[Theodisce]] ''Sagterland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Seelterlound'')</small> * [[Salis Cancellum]]<ref name="Cellarius 1703"/> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Salzgitter''; [[Saxonice]] ''Soltgitter'')</small> * [[Salzbergen]] * [[Salzdetfordium]]<ref name="Marcard 1805"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Salzdetfurth'')</small> * [[Salzhausen]] * [[Salzhemmendorf]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Samern]] * [[Sandbostel]] * [[Sande (Frisia)|Sande]] * [[Sarstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Sassenburg]] * [[Sathsa]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bad Sachsa'')</small> * [[Sauensiek]] * [[Schapen]] * [[Scharnebeck]] * [[Scheden]] * [[Scheeßel]] * [[Schellerten]] * [[Schiffdorf]] * [[Schladen-Werla]] * [[Schnackenburg]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schnega]] * [[Schneverdingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Scholen]] * [[Schönewörde]] * [[Schöningen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schöppenstedt]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schortens]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Schüttorf]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Schwaförden]] * [[Schwanewede]] * [[Schwarme]] * [[Schwarmstedt]] * [[Schweindorf]] * [[Schweringen]] * [[Schwerinsdorf]] * [[Schwienau]] * [[Schwülper]] * [[Seeburg (Niedersachsen)|Seeburg]] * [[Seedorf (bei Zeven)|Seedorf]] * [[Seelze]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seesen]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Seevetal]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Seggebruch]] * [[Sehlde]] * [[Sehlem (Niedersachsen)|Sehlem]] * [[Sehnde]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Selsingen]] * [[Semmenstedt]] * [[Seulingen]] * [[Sibbesse]] * [[Sickte]] * [[Siedenburg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Sittensen]] * [[Soderstorf]] * [[Sögel]] * [[Söhlde]] * [[Söllingen (Niedersachsen)|Söllingen]] * [[Soltau]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Soltendieck]] * [[Sottrum]] * [[Spahnharrenstätte]] * [[Spelle]] * [[Spiekeroog]] * [[Sprakensehl]] * [[Springe]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Stadae]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Stade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Stood'')</small> * [[Stadlandia]]<ref>Ioannes Iustus Wynkelman, [https://books.google.com/books?id=WvgaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA617&lpg=PA617&dq=statlandia+saxonia&source=bl&ots=Ysl9JI4L06&sig=2y6x3I38sU3-RcrP0HtnSkUxssI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCwQ6AEwA2oVChMIwqiv-NWMxgIVQgmSCh2CZwDj#v=onepage&q=statlandia%20saxonia&f=false ''Notitia historico-politica veteris Saxo-Westphaliae finitimarumque regionum,''] 1667:277.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Stadland'')</small> * [[Staffhorst]] * [[Staufenberg]] * [[Stavern]] * [[Stedesdorf]] * [[Steimbke]] * [[Steinau (Niedersachsen)|Steinau]] * [[Steinfeld (Oldenburg)]] * [[Steinhorst (Niedersachsen)|Steinhorst]] * [[Steinkirchen (Altes Land)|Steinkirchen]] * [[Stelle]] * [[Stemmen (Landkreis Rotenburg)|Stemmen]] * [[Stemshorn]] * [[Steyerberg]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Stinstedt]] * [[Stöckse]] * [[Stoetze]] * [[Stolzenau]] * [[Stuhr]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Südbrookmerland]] * [[Suderburg]] * [[Südergellersen]] * [[Südheide]] * [[Sudwalde]] * [[Suhlendorf]] * [[Sulingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Süpplingen]] * [[Süpplingenburg]] * [[Süstedt]] * [[Sustrum]] * [[Surwold]] * [[Suthfeld]] * [[Syke]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === T === {{div col|3}} * [[Tappenbeck]] * [[Tarmstedt]] * [[Tespe]] * [[Teuderium]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>[[oppidum]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Detern''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Tjootern''; [[Saxonice|Orientalifrisicosaxonice]] ''Däitern'')</small> * [[Thransfellensis Ecclesia]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dransfeld'')</small> * [[Thedinghausen]] * [[Theodolfestorpum]]<ref name="Asseburg 1855">Asseburg, J. von der. (1855). ''Urkundenbuch des Geschlechts von der Asseburg (Vol. 1)''. Hahnschen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dedelstorf'')</small> * [[Thomasburg]] * [[Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardDorfinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20160831-7111.htm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Dörpen''', 9. Jh., bei Aschendorf nördlich Meppens, F2-1090 THURP (Dorf) Dorfa (7), Thorpum (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen'')</small> * [[Thuine]] * [[Tiddische]] * [[Tiste]] * [[Toppenstedt]] * [[Tostedt]] * [[Tosterglope]] * [[Trebel]] * [[Triburi]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drebber'')</small> * [[Tülau]] * [[Twieflingen]] * [[Twist (Emsland)|Twist]] * [[Twistringen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === U === {{div col|3}} * [[Uchte]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Uehrde]] * [[Uelsen]] * [[Uetze]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Ulsena]]<ref name="Graesse"/> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Uelzen''; quoque [[Saxonice]] ''Ülz’n'')</small> * [[Ummern]] * [[Undeloh]] * [[Upgant-Schott]] * [[Uplengen]] * [[Uslar]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Utarp]] {{div col end}} === V === {{div col|3}} * [[Vahlberg]] * [[Vahlbruch]] * [[Vahlde]] * [[Vallis Ambrae]]<ref name="Ambra">Latino de toponymo "Ambra" (Theodisce ''Emmer''), vide {{Graesse}}.</ref><ref name="Vallis">[https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/Tal?wb=gross&nr=1 Theodiscum vocabulum ''T(h)al'' aut Theodiscum suffixum ''-t(h)al'' Latino vocabulo "vallis-is"] vertitur.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Emmerthal''; [[Saxonice]] ''Emmerdaal'')</small> * [[Vallis Augae]]<ref name="SLH 1988">Societas Latina Hannoverana (1988). ''Fasciculi geographici et historici: De parvis provinciis ditionis Hannoveranae et Schaumburgensis''. Hannoverae: Typis Exscripsit Libraria Scripturarum.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Auetal'')</small> * [[Vallis Claustra-Cella]]<ref name="Conring 1730">Conring, H. (1730). ''De Antiquitatibus Academicis Dissertationes Septem''. Officina Smeinkiana.</ref><ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D"/> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Clausthal-Zellerfeld''; [[Supraharthice]] ''Clasthol-Zallerfall'')</small> * [[Varel]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Varrel]] * [[Vastorf]] * [[Vechelde]] * [[Velpke]] * [[Veltheim (Ohe)]] * [[Vetha]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Vechta''; [[Saxonice]] ''Vechte'')</small> * [[Vicus Adelaidis]]<ref name="ALF 2016">Academia Latinitati Fovendae (2016). ''Commentarii Academiae Latinitati Fovendae: De novis parochiis et communibus Saxoniae Inferioris textus'' (Vol. XXIV). Romae: Herder.</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Adelheidsdorf'')</small> * [[Vierden]] * [[Vierhöfen]] * [[Vildhusia]]<ref name="Hofmannus"/> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wildeshausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wilshusen'')</small> * [[Villa Cremilonis]]<ref name="Meiborn III 1688"/> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Cremlingen'')</small> * [[Vintlum]]<ref name="Vintlum">Vide [https://kirchengemeindelexikon.de/einzelgemeinde/schneverdingen-peter-und-paul/?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Schneverdingen, Peter und Paul''], ubi dicitur "(...) ''capella in honorem sancti Anthonii in villa Vintlo parrochie Snewerdinge'' (...)".</ref> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Fintel'')</small> * [[Visbek]] * [[Visselhövede]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Vögelsen]] * [[Vollersode]] * [[Voltlage]] * [[Vorda Bremensis]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus N-Z">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050914?p=27&cq=M%C3%BCnchen&lang=de''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 3. N-Z''].</ref> <small>[[urbs]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Bremervörde''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bremervöör'')</small> * [[Vordorf]] * [[Vorwerk (Niedersachsen)|Vorwerk]] * [[Vrees]] {{div col end}} === W === {{div col|3}} * [[Waake]] * [[Waddeweitz]] * [[Wagenfeld]] * [[Wagenhoff]] * [[Wahrenholz]] * [[Walchum]] * [[Walkenried]] * [[Wallenhorst]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wallmoden]] * [[Walsrode]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wangelnstedt]] * [[Wangerland]] * [[Wangerooge]] * [[Wanna]] * [[Warberg]] * [[Wardenburg]] * [[Warmsen]] * [[Warpe]] * [[Wasbüttel]] * [[Wathlingen]] * [[Wedemark]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Weener]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Weenzen]] * [[Wehrbleck]] * [[Welle]] * [[Wendeburg]] * [[Wendisch Evern]] * [[Wennigsen]] * [[Wenzendorf]] * [[Werdum]] * [[Werlte]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Werpeloh]] * [[Wesendorf]] * [[Weste (Niedersachsen)|Weste]] * [[Westergellersen]] * [[Westerholt]] * [[Westertimke]] * [[Westerwalsede]] * [[Westfeld (Niedersachsen)|Westfeld]] * [[Westoverledingen]] * [[Wetschen]] * [[Wettrup]] * [[Weyhausen]] * [[Weyhe]] <small>commune sui iuris</small> * [[Wieda]] * [[Wiedensahl]] <small>[[oppidum]]</small> * [[Wiefelstede]] * [[Wielen]] * [[Wienhausen]] * [[Wiesmoor]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wietmarschen]] * [[Wietze]] * [[Wietzen]] * [[Wietzendorf]] * [[Wilhelmshaven]] <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wilstedt]] * [[Wilsum]] * [[Wingst]] * [[Winkelsett]] * [[Winnigstedt]] * [[Winsen (Aller)]] * [[Winsenia]]<ref name="Büttner">Büttner, D. S. (1710). ''Rudera Diluvii Testes, i.e. Zeichnung und Abbildung derer Columnarum Sceletonum''. Gottfried Zimmermann.</ref> <small>(ad [[Luya]]m<ref name="Graesse"/>)</small> <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Winsen'')</small> * [[Winzenburg]] * [[Wippingen]] * [[Wirdum]] * [[Wischhafen]] * [[Wistedt]] * [[Witmundia]]<ref>E.g., [[Ioannes Luyts|Ioannis Luyts]] ''Introductio ad Geographiam novam et veterem'', Ultraiecti 1692, [https://books.google.fr/books?id=_o0YP3-9VTMC&pg=PA281&dq=Witmundia&hl=ru&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjShLT7vdDrAhVJw4sKHZLLCokQ6AEwAnoECAMQAg#v=onepage&q=Witmundia&f=false p. 281].</ref> <small>[[urbs]] et [[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circuli terrae]] [[caput (urbs)|caput]]</small> <small>([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wittmund'')</small> * [[Wittingen]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Wittmar]] * [[Wittorf]] * [[Wohnste]] * [[Wolfsburgum]]<ref>Vide nomini arcis: Samuel Pufendorfus, ''Commentariorum de rebus Suecicis libri XXVI'' {{Google Books|lV1PAAAAcAAJ|pag. 457 et 475}}, ''Nova Acta Eruditorum'' {{Google Books|eGFlITDJFSMC|pag. 487}}, Lipsiae, anno 1756, ac ''Itininerarium Thomae Carve, Tipperariensis'' ([https://archive.org/details/itinerariumthom00kerngoog/page/n182 pag. 108]).</ref> <small>[[Index circulorum Germanicorum|circulus urbanus]] et [[urbs]]</small> </small> <small>([[Theodisce]] ''Wolfsburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Wulfsborg''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Wolfsbuurich'')</small> * [[Wollbrandshausen]] * [[Wollershausen]] * [[Wölpinghausen]] * [[Wolsdorf]] * [[Woltersdorf (Wendland)|Woltersdorf]] * [[Woltershausen]] * [[Worpswede]] * [[Wremen]] * [[Wrestedt]] * [[Wriedel]] * [[Wulfsen]] * [[Wulften ad Harthicos montes]] * [[Wunstorf]] <small>commune sui iuris et [[urbs]]</small> * [[Wurster Nordseeküste]] * [[Wustrow (Saxonia Inferior)]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> {{div col end}} === Z === {{div col|3}} * [[Zernien]] * [[Zetel]] * [[Zeven]] <small>[[urbs]]</small> * [[Zorge]] {{div col end}} ==Notae== <references /> [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris|!]] nrgf48ichglxhfjpqw6s99ejcxqmfet Chartainvilliers 0 222086 3981973 3441099 2026-08-18T04:23:00Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981973 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Blason_ville_fr_Chartainvilliers_%28Eure-et-Loir%29.svg|thumb|250 px|Chartainvilliers: [[vexillum]]]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 28084.png|thumb|left|250px|Chartainvilliers: communis tabula]] ''' Chartainvilliers''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 725 incolarum (anno [[2011]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Ebura et Lidericus|Eburae et Liderici]] in regione [[Centrum (regio Franciae)|Media]]. {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Eburae et Liderici|Indicem communium praefecturae Eburae et Liderici]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Chartainvilliers|Chartainvilliers}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160422075139/http://www.chartainvilliers.fr/ Chartainvilliers pagina interretialis] * {{INSEE commune|28084|de=Chartainvilliers}} {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Eburae et Liderici]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Eburae et Liderici]] mjlr27ktw0l5d9elvc9fc83oadnuhh6 Antonius Ionescu 0 233419 3981802 3768160 2026-08-17T17:01:01Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981802 wikitext text/x-wiki {{capsa hominis Vicidata}} '''Antonius''' (Dacoromanice ''Anton'') '''Ionescu''' (natus die [[10 Decembris]] [[1939]]; mortuus die [[7 Martii]] [[2023]]) [[machinator]] ac vir publicus [[Romania|Dacoromanicus]] fuit. == Munus == Ad annum [[1961]] apud [[Universitas Technica Claudiopolitana|Universitatem Technicam Claudiopolitanam]] mechanicae studebat atque machinator factus est et deinde hoc munere operam dedit. Anno [[1976]] doctor promotus est. Ab anno [[1990]] professor huius Universitatis Technicae erat. Est praeses societatis "Broker cluj"<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304204047/http://ziuadecj.realitatea.net/economie/clujul-despre-boc-anton-ionescu-e-tanar-are-cariera-in-fata--83521.html realitatea.net die 6 Februarii 2012]</ref>. == Cursus honorum == Ionescu, sodalis [[Factio nationalis liberalis (Romania)|Factionis nationalis liberalis]] (PN-L), annis [[1996]] - [[2004]] legatus ad [[Camera Legatorum Romaniae|Cameram Legatorum Romaniae]] fuit et a die [[11 Februarii]] ad usque [[17 Aprilis]] [[1998]] minister vecturae in consilio ministrorum [[Victor Ciorbea|Victoris Ciorbea]] erat. == Nexus externi == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304134432/http://www.cdep.ro/pls/parlam/structura.mp?idm=135&cam=2&leg=2000&pag=0&idl=1 Biographia apud situm interretialem Camerae Legatorum Romaniae] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304205646/http://www.napochim.ro/media/wysiwyg/Ionescu_Anton.pdf Curriculum vitae apud napochim.ro] == Notae == <references /> {{Ministri vecturae Romanici}} {{Ministri Romanici Ciorbea}} {{lifetime|1939|2023|Ionescu, Antonius}} [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Technicae Claudiopolitanae]] [[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Technicae Claudiopolitanae]] [[Categoria:Machinatores]] [[Categoria:Legati Camerae Legatorum Romaniae]] [[Categoria:Ministri vecturae Romaniae]] b2plgxzo1d9lrynj3ewvst1j6ba9zfp Chimilin 0 236465 3981977 3447591 2026-08-18T04:48:16Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981977 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus: Chimilin_-_la_place_de_l%27%C3%A9glise.jpg |thumb|250 px|Chimilin: [[ecclesia]]e [[forum]] circa annum [[1900]]]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 38104.png|thumb|left|250px|Chimilin: communis tabula]] '''Chimilin''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 1'399 incolarum (anno [[2012]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Isara (praefectura Franciae)|Isarae]] in regione orientali [[Rhodanus et Alpes|Rhodano et Alpibus]] (a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2016]] [[Arvernia Rhodanus et Alpes|Arvernia Rhodano et Alpibus]]). {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Isarae|Indicem communium praefecturae Isarae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Chimilin|Chimilin}} * {{INSEE commune|38104|de=Chimilin}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=9376 De hoc commune apud Cassini] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160526171647/http://www.chimilin.fr/ Huius communis pagina interretialis] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Isarae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Isarae]] cj6q1vlxq13mk9l6vj0s9t2i2koeyrm Chichilianne 0 236466 3981975 3447590 2026-08-18T04:47:17Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981975 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Clocher_de_l%27%C3%A9glise_de_Chichilianne.jpg |thumb|250 px|Chichilianne: ecclesia ]] [[Fasciculus: Map commune FR insee code 38103.png|thumb|left|250px|Chichilianne: communis tabula]] '''Chichilianne''' est commune [[Francia|Francicum]] 279 incolarum (anno [[2012]]) [[Tabula administrativa Franciae|praefecturae]] [[Isara (praefectura Franciae)|Isarae]] in regione orientali [[Rhodanus et Alpes|Rhodano et Alpibus]] (a die [[1 Ianuarii]] [[2016]] [[Arvernia Rhodanus et Alpes|Arvernia Rhodano et Alpibus]]). {{NexInt}} * [[Index communium praefecturae Isarae|Indicem communium praefecturae Isarae]] == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Chichilianne|Chichilianne}} * {{INSEE commune|38103|de=Chichilianne}} * [http://cassini.ehess.fr/cassini/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=9349 De hoc commune apud Cassini] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20211123022112/https://chichilianne.fr/ Huius communis pagina interretialis] {{geo-stipula}} [[Categoria:Communia praefecturae Isarae]] [[Categoria:Loci habitati praefecturae Isarae]] 1d7rvaoncyr0y14gvcszv6xxeoyimrn Edewechte 0 239369 3981877 3981029 2026-08-17T22:23:52Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981877 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:St. Nikolai-Kirche Edewecht.jpg|thumb|left|Ecclesia Sancti Nicolai Edewechti sita.]] [[Fasciculus:Edewecht Kokermühle.JPG|thumb|left|Mola Edewechti sita.]] '''Edewechte'''<ref name="Berger 2012">Berger, D. (2012). ''Edewecht''. In ''Deutsches Ortsnamenbuch''. Walter de Gruyter.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Edewecht''; [[Saxonice]] ''Erwech''; historice ''Adewacht'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Paludosoterrensis|Circuli Paludosoterrensis]]. Ad Edewechte [[vicus|vici]] [[Colonia Friderici Australis]]<ref name="Fri">Nomen ''Friedrichsfehn'' ex nomine proprio ''Friedrich'' atque vocabulo regionali ''-fehn'' compositum est. ''Fehn'' non solum paludem sive uliginem significat, sed etiam regionem palustrem colonis cultam atque habitationem ex eiusmodi regione ortam. Quam ob rem nomen ''Friedrichsfehn'' Latine "Colonia Friderici" reddi potest, id.</ref><ref name="Australis"/> (Theodisce ''Friedrichsfehn Nord''), [[Colonia Friderici Septentrionalis]]<ref name="Fri"/><ref name="Septentrionalis"/> (Theodisce ''Friedrichsfehn Süd''), [[Edewechte Australe]]<ref name="Australis">Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/s%C3%BCdlich?wb=gross&nr=4 "australis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum aut vocabulum ''Süd(-)'' vertit.</ref> (Theodisce ''Süd Edewecht''), [[Edewechte Septentrionale Primum]]<ref name="Berger 2012"/><ref name="Septentrionalis">Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum aut vocabulum ''Nord(-)'' vertit.</ref><ref name="ordinalia">Adiectiva ordinalia distinctionem administrativam hodiernam homonymos inter vicos servat.</ref> (Theodisce ''Nord Edewecht I''), [[Edewechte Septentrionale Secundum]]<ref name="Berger 2012"/><ref name="Septentrionalis"/><ref name="ordinalia"/> (Theodisce ''Nord Edewecht II''), [[Husbacum]]<ref name="-bacum">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-bach'' aut ''-bäke'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-bacum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Forbacum]], [[Gengenbacum]], [[Lambacum]], [[Muorbacum]], [[Orbacum]], [[Rohrbacum]], [[Rosbacum]], [[Rubeacum]], [[Solisbacum]], [[Swabacum]], [[Abacum (Germania)|Abacum]], [[Brubacum]], [[Corbacum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Husbäke''), [[Kleefelda]]<ref name="-felda">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-feld(en)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-felda-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Falufelda]], [[Frauenfelda]], [[Heresfelda]], [[Hirutfelda]], [[Ilfelda]], [[Mansfelda]], [[Salfelda]], [[Sualafelda]], [[Alfelda]], [[Alsfelda]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Kleefeld''), [[Nemus Ferum]]<ref>Nomen Theodiscum ''Wildenloh'' ex duobus elementis componitur, scilicet ''wilden-'' et ''-loh''. Vocabulum Theodiscum ''wild'' in ''Kleinem deutsch-lateinischem Handwörterbuch Caroli Ernesti Georges'' Latine "ferus" redditur; "ferus" autem significat id quod “in silva vel in statu naturali et indomito versatur”. Vocabulum Theodiscum ''Loh'', quod hodie quoque, quamquam regionaliter et antiquiore usu, “parvum nemus vel silvam fruticosam” significat, a Rosemaria Lühr in ''Etymologischem Wörterbuch des Althochdeutschen'', s. v. lôh, cum Latinis vocabulis "lucus, saltus, silva, silvula" comparatur. Cum autem Latinum "nemus, nemoris" “Hain, Wald, Gehölz” significet, ''Loh'' ad sensum suum Latine "nemus" reddi potest. Itaque ''Wildenloh'' per translationem compositam "Nemus Ferum" Latine reddi potest. Adiectivum "ferum" cum neutro "nemus" genere et numero congruit.</ref> (Theodisce ''Wildenloh''), [[Scharrel Minus]]<ref name="KleinGrosse">De interpretatione toponymica adiectivorum Germanicorum "Klein" et "Gross" per Latina "Minor-us" et "Maior-ius", vide: Casemir, K., Ohainski, U., & Udolph, J. (2018). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Helmstedt und der Stadt Wolfsburg (Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch, Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> (Theodisce ''Klein Scharrel''), [[Osterscheps]] (Theodisce ''Osterscheps''), [[Portsloge]] (Theodisce ''Portsloge''), [[Suddorfium]]<ref name="-dorf">Germanica toponyma cum suffixo ''-dorf'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-dorfium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Ensdorfium]], [[Burgdorfium]], [[Altdorfium]], [[Oberndorfium]], [[Rebdorfium]], [[Schenckendorfium]], [[Wilhelmersdorfium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Süddorf''), [[Westerscheps]] (Theodisce ''Westerscheps''), [['Wittenberga]]<ref name="-berga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-berg'' aut ''-berge'' aut ''-bergen'' aut ''-berghe'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-berga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Amberga]], [[Annaberga]], [[Arensberga]], [[Asschaberga]], [[Bamberga]], [[Berga]], [[Blancoberga]], [[Bobbinberga]], [[Brunsberga]], [[Cassonberga]], [[Coloberga]], [[Eversberga]], [[Freiberga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> (Theodisce ''Wittenberge''), [[Ydelum Primum]]<ref name="Ydelum">Nomen Germanicum ''Ydelo'' post ablativi praepositionem, documentis saeculi XIII testatum, non formam Latinam sed formam vernaculam esse videtur. Nihilominus, si nomen ad usum Latinum accommodandum sit, "Ydelum" proponi potest, mutata terminatione vernacula -o in terminationem Latinam neutri generis -um. De forma ''Ydelo'' post ablativi praepositionem, vide: Oncken, H. (Ed.) (1893). ''Das älteste Lehnsregister der Grafen von Oldenburg und Oldenburg-Bruchhausen''. G. Stalling.</ref> (Theodisce ''Jeddeloh I''), [[Ydelum Secundum]]<ref name="Ydelum"/><ref name="ordinalia"/> (Theodisce ''Jeddeloh II'') pertinent. == Historia == Edewechte vicus anno [[1139]] nomine ''Adewacht'' primo in actis descriptus est. Circa ab anno [[1400]] Edewechte a comitibus [[Ducatus Oldenburgensis|Oldenburgensibus]] regnatum est. Qui ductus annis 1667 ad usque 1773 ad [[Dania]]m pertinuit. Annis [[1810]] ad [[1813]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1815]] Edewechte iterum ad Magnum Ducatum Oldenburgensem traditum est, qui post annum [[1918]] res publica factus est. Anno [[1933]] Edewechte pars novi Circuli Paludosoterrensis factum est. Anno [[1945]] pugnis [[Secundum bellum mundanum|Secundi Belli Mundani]] partim deletum est. Ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Edewecht|Edewechte}} * [http://www.edewecht.de/ www.edewecht.de] [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] mgn733wh1j0io6a787rvxa2zp7wgp6d Frideburgum 0 239382 3982009 3505793 2026-08-18T11:15:47Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Friedeburg]] ad [[Frideburgum]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3505793 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Rathaus Friedeburg.JPG|thumb|left|Curia Friedeburg]] [[Fasciculus:Bürgerhaus und Heimatkundliches Museum Friedeburg.jpg|thumb|left|Museum patriae et domus civium Friedeburg]] '''Friedeburg''' est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Widmundensis|Circuli Widmundensis]]. Ad Friedeburg et [[vicus|vici]] Bentstreek, Etzel, Hesel, Horsten, Marx, Wiesede, Wiesedermeer, Abickhafe, Dose, Hoheesche atque Reepsholt pertinent. == Historia == Castellum Friedeburg anno [[1359]] primo in actis descriptum est, de oppido diu inter comites [[Ducatus Oldenburgensis|Oldenburgenses]] et duces [[Frisia orientalis|Frisiae Orientalis]] pugna erat. Annis [[1744]] ad [[1806]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit, tum ad [[Nederlandia]]m et annis [[1810]] ad [[1813]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum]] pertinuit.Ab anno [[1815]] Friedland [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regno Hannoverano]] traditum est, quod post annum [[1866]] iterum pars Borussiae fuit. Ab anno [[1885]] Friedburg pars novi Circuli Widmundensis factum est, qui circulus autem annis [[1977]] ad usque [[1980]] dissolutus erat. Ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet. Tum multi perfugae e regionibus a [[Polonia]] et [[Russia]] occupatis hanc in regionem venerunt. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Friedeburg (Ostfriesland)|Friedeburg}} * [http://www.friedeburg.de/ www.friedeburg.de] [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 14]] atp8r36o95f0earizgy2fzg7ca7o67m 3982011 3982009 2026-08-18T11:19:57Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3982011 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa urbis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Rathaus Friedeburg.JPG|thumb|left|Curia Frideburgensis.]] [[Fasciculus:Bürgerhaus und Heimatkundliches Museum Friedeburg.jpg|thumb|left|Museum patriae et domus civium Frideburgi.]] '''Frideburgum'''<ref name="Frideburgum">Vide [https://www.heimatbund-finnentrop.de/index_htm_files/Staats-%20u.%20Reisegeogr.%205.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Beschreibung derer merkwürdigsten Oerter''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Frideburg, Friedeburg, lat. Frideburgum'''. Liegt im Fürstenthum Ostfriesland, an den Grenzen der Grafschaft Oldenburg (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Friedeburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freborg'' seu ''Freebörg'') est commune [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]] et pars [[Circulus Widmundensis|Circuli Widmundensis]]. Ad Frideburgum et [[vicus|vici]] Bentstreek, Etzel, Hesel, Horsten, Marx, Wiesede, Wiesedermeer, Abickhafe, Dose, Hoheesche atque Reepsholt pertinent. == Historia == Castellum Frideburgense anno [[1359]] primo in actis descriptum est, de oppido diu inter comites [[Ducatus Oldenburgensis|Oldenburgenses]] et duces [[Frisia orientalis|Frisiae Orientalis]] pugna erat. Annis [[1744]] ad [[1806]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit, tum ad [[Nederlandia]]m et annis [[1810]] ad [[1813]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum]] pertinuit.Ab anno [[1815]] Friedland [[Regnum Hannoveranum|Regno Hannoverano]] traditum est, quod post annum [[1866]] iterum pars Borussiae fuit. Ab anno [[1885]] Frideburgum pars novi Circuli Widmundensis factum est, qui circulus autem annis [[1977]] ad usque [[1980]] dissolutus erat. Ab anno [[1946]] ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet. Tum multi perfugae e regionibus a [[Polonia]] et [[Russia]] occupatis hanc in regionem venerunt. ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Friedeburg (Ostfriesland)|Frideburgum}} * [http://www.friedeburg.de/ www.friedeburg.de] [[Categoria:Communia Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Condita saeculo 14]] ckqdfda1jtn12idkivgao569hj3he1r Ameridelphia 0 249090 3981798 3754827 2026-08-17T15:48:07Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981798 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | name = Ameridelphia | image = Young Virginia Opossum.jpg | image_caption = ''[[Didelphis virginiana]]'' | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Chordata]] | classis = [[Mammalia]] | infraclassis = [[Marsupialia]] | superordo = '''Ameridelphia''' | subdivision_ranks = Subgroups | subdivision = *{{extinct}}[[Stagodontidae]] **{{extinct}}''[[Didelphodon]]'' **{{extinct}}''[[Eodelphis]] **{{extinct}}''[[Pariadens]]'' *[[Didelphimorphia]] *[[Paucituberculata]] }} '''Ameridelphia''' est [[cohors (taxinomia)|cohors]] taxinomica anno 1982 proposita, quae comprehendat [[marsupialia]] in [[America]] incolantium, ab [[Australodelphia]], marsupialiis [[Australia]]e, distincta.<ref>Szalay, F. S. 1982. A new appraisal of marsupial phylogeny and classification; pp. 621–640 in M. Archer (ed.), Carnivorous Marsupials. Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, Mossman, New South Wales, Australia.</ref> Deinde [[superordo]] aut [[magnordo]] appellata est.<ref>McKenna, M.C. & Bell, S.K. 1997. ''Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level''. Columbia University Press, New York.: i-xii, 1-631.</ref> Nunc grex [[paraphyleticum|paraphyletica]] habetur,<ref>Meredith, R. W. et al. 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20211201060146/https://www.montclair.edu/profilepages/media/5008/user/Meredith_et_al._2009_Relationships_and_divergence_times_among_the_orders_and_families_of_Marsupialia.pdf "Relationships and divergence times among the orders and families of Marsupialia"]. ''Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin'' 65.</ref> et marsupialia Australiana creduntur ab Americanis orta esse.<ref>Jessie Schiewe, [http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jul/28/science/la-sci-marsupial-20100728 "Australia's marsupials originated in what is now South America, study says"], ''Los Angeles Times'' (28 Iulii 2010).</ref> == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == * [http://taxonomicon.taxonomy.nl/TaxonTree.aspx?id=108419 Ameridelphia apud Systema Natura] {{Vicispecies|Ameridelphia}} {{CommuniaCat|Ameridelphia|nexus=fractus}} {{zoologia-stipula}} [[Categoria:Marsupialia]] [[Categoria:Taxa Szalay]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1982]] 1afmj5fwnig1hvd18shv5cjcepawtch Chrestomathia 0 254497 3981978 3639384 2026-08-18T04:58:06Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981978 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:ludwik_lejzer_zamenhof.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Ludovicus Lazarus Zamenhof]], qui chrestomathiam [[lingua Esperantica|linguae Esperanticae]] edidit.]] '''Chrestomathia''' ([[Graeco]] χρηστομάθεια 'desiderium discendi' < χρηστός 'utilis' + μανθάνω 'disco') est corpus electorum [[litterae|litterarum]] locorum, praecipue auxilium rei discendae adhibitum. In [[philologia]] et in investigatione [[litterae|litterarum]], chrestomathia est genus [[liber|libri]] qui seriem eximiorum textuum praebet, ad demonstrandum progressum [[lingua]]e vel stili literarii. Ab [[anthologia]] [[Poësis|poëseos]] differt propter eius propositum didacticum. ==Exempla== *Dimitriou, Georgios. [[1785]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120401144427/http://anemi.lib.uoc.gr/metadata/0/8/6/metadata-155-0000034.tkl ''Bilingual Greek-Latin Grammar.'']<!--with personal observations, epistles, et maxims, as well as biographies of notable men--><ref>{{cite book|last=Merry|first=Bruce|title=Encyclopedia of modern Greek literature|year=2004|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=Westport Connecticutae [et al.]|isbn=9780313308130|pages=70|url=http://books.google.gr/books?id=Q-lr20SuvfIC&pg=PA394&dq=demetriou+marry+literature&hl=el&ei=MF6bTuHHFoiC4gTUuLmpBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=dimitriou&f=false}}.</ref> *Dorn, Bernhard Dorn. [[1847]]. ''A Chrestomathy of the Pushtu or Afghan language.'' Sancti Petersburgi. *[[H. L. Mencken|Mencken, H. L.]]. [[1949]]. ''A Mencken Chrestomathy.'' Novi Eboraci: Alfred P. Knopf. *Ullendorff, Edward. [[1985]]. ''A Tigrinya Chrestomathy.'' Stutgartiae: Steiner Werlag Wiesbaden GmbH. *[[Ludovicus Lazarus Zamenhof|Zamenhof, L. L.]]. [[1903]]. ''[http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/8224 Fundamenta Krestomatio de la Lingvo Esperanto].'' Lutetiae: Hachette. ==Notae== <div class="references-small"><references/></div> [[Categoria:Collectanea]] [[Categoria:Libri de litteris]] 6lfo5hq89qd9h3ssg4amhgsgsfxpgnq Circulus Terrae Emesensis 0 255046 3981926 3981566 2026-08-18T00:33:17Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981926 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}} {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Hoeltingmuehle_Meppen.jpg|thumb|left|In oppido [[Meppea]] flumina [[Amisia]] et [[Hasa]] confluunt.]] [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in EL.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Terrae Emesensis.]] '''Circulus Terrae Emesensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Terrae Altenburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Emsland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum "terra-ae" Theodiscum lexema ''-land'' vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Emesensis-e" ad flumen [[Amisia|Emesam]] refertur. De hoc hydronymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Emsland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Oamselound''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1977]] conditus est ex antiquis circulis ''Aschendorf-Hümling'', ''Meppea'' atque partibus circuli ''Lingae''. Caput circuli urbs [[Meppea]] est. == Historia == Terra Emesensis a medioaevo ad annum [[1802]] ad [[Dioecesis Monasteriensis|Principatum episcopalem Monasterii]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1806]] Terra Emesensis ad [[Magnus Ducatus Montensis|Magnum Ducatum Montensem]] pertinuit, ab anno [[1810]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum]]. [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleone]] imperatore victo Terra Emesensis ab anno [[1814]] ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1885]] circuli ''Aschendorf'', ''Hümling'', ''Meppea'' et ''Linga'' conditi sunt. Anno [[1932]] circuli Aschendorf et Hümling coniuncti sunt. Tempore dictaturae [[NSDAP|Nazistarum]] in Terra Emesensi multa castra carceralia condita sunt. Post [[Secundum Bellum Mundanum]] [[Nederlandia]] agrum circuli reparationis causa postulavit neque tamen multum adipisci potuit<ref>[http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-44435312.html Der Spiegel die 1 Ianuarii 1949]</ref>. Pars Terrae Emesensis etiam a captivis liberatis Polonicis ad annum [[1948]] "Area occupationis Polonica" administrata est<ref>[http://www.deutschlandradiokultur.de/1945-als-das-emsland-polnisch-war.1001.de.html?dram:article_id=155820 deutschlandradiokultur.de die 24 Iunii 2005]</ref>. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Anno [[1977]] circulus Terrae Emesensis conditus est ex antiquis circulis ''Aschendorf-Hümling'', ''Meppea'' atque partibus circuli ''Lingae''. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt 60 communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Emsbura]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Emsbüren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büren'') (9903 incolae) * [[Geeste]] (11.260) * [[Haren (Amisia)|Haren]], oppidum (23.255) * [[Haselünne]], oppidum (12.504) * [[Linga (Amisia)|Linga]], oppidum (52.503) * [[Meppea]] oppidum et caput circuli (34.549) * [[Papenburg]], oppidum (35.981) * [[Rhede (Amisia)|Rhede]] (4175) * [[Salzbergen]] (7535) * [[Twist]] (9499) * [[Thorpum (commune generale)|Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardDorfinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20160831-7111.htm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Dörpen''', 9. Jh., bei Aschendorf nördlich Meppens, F2-1090 THURP (Dorf) Dorfa (7), Thorpum (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen'') commune generale (16.140) ** [[Dersum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Dersum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Derßm'') (1466) ** [[Heede]] (2419) ** [[Kluse]] (1587) ** [[Lehe]] (999) ** [[Neubörger]] (1544) ** [[Neulehe]] (762) ** [[Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen''), sedes administrationis (4983) ** [[Walchum]] (1457) ** [[Wippingen]] (923) * [[Frera (commune generale)|Frera]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Freren'') commune generale (10.304) ** [[Andervenia]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et pagis ditionis Rotenburgensis (Caput de parochia Ahusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiqua parochia Alfhusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis et Comitatus Lingensis (Caput de parochia Anderveniae)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Andervenne'') (879) ** [[Bestena]]<ref name="Jellinghaus 1923">Jellinghaus, H. (1923). ''Die westfälischen Ortsnamen nach ihren Bestandteilen''' (III ed.). Ferdinand Schöningh.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beesten'') (1597) ** [[Frera]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Freren''), urbs et sedes administrationis (5000) ** Messingen (1058) ** Thuine (1770) * [[Herzlake (commune generale)|Herzlake]] commune generale (10.050) ** [[Dohra (Terra Emesensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dohren '') (1097) ** [[Herzlake]], sedes administrationis (4248) ** [[Lähden]] (4705) * [[Lathen (commune generale)|Lathen]] commune generale (11.237) ** [[Fresenburg]] (909) ** [[Lathen]], sedes administrationis (6159) ** [[Niederlangen]] (1208) ** [[Oberlangen]] (951) ** [[Renkenberge]] (715) ** [[Sustrum]] (1295) * [[Lengerich (commune generale)|Lenerich]] commune generale (9093) ** [[Bawinkelum]]<ref name="Moser 1738">Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bawinkel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bowinkel'') (2359) ** [[Gersten]] (1209) ** [[Handrup]] (841) ** [[Langen]] (1451) ** [[Lengerich]], sedes administrationis (2658) ** [[Wettrup]] (575) * [[Nordhümmling (commune generale)|Nordhümling]] commune generale (12.005) ** [[Bochorstia]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bockhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukhast'')(987) ** [[Breddenberga]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898">Wilmans, R., & Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.). (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden und angrenzender Gebiete''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Breddenberg'') (788) ** [[Esterwega]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esterwegen''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Äästerweede''), sedes administrationis (5179) ** [[Hilkenbrook]] (806) ** [[Surwold]] (4245) * [[Sögel (commune generale)|Sögel]] commune generale (15.997) ** [[Burgium (Saxonia Inferior)|Burgium]]<ref name="Remling VII 2026">Remling, L. (2026). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Emsland''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Börger''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borger'') (2747) ** [[Groß Berßen]] (656) ** [[Hüven]] (519) ** [[Klein Berßen]] (1127) ** [[Sögel]], sedes administrationis (7335) ** [[Spahnharrenstätte]] (1511) ** [[Stavern]] (1066) ** [[Werpeloh]] (1036) * [[Spelle (commune generale)|Spelle]] commune generale (13.018) ** [[Lünne]] (1877) ** [[Schapen]] (2327) ** [[Spelle]], sedes administrationis (8814) ** [[Werlte]] commune generale (16.749) ** [[Lahn]] (897) ** [[Lorup]] (3184) ** [[Rastdorf]] (1015) ** [[Vrees]] (1695) ** [[Werlte]], sedes administrationis (9958), sed etiam oppidum in anno domini 2017 est. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Emsland|circulum Terrae Emesensis}} * [http://www.emsland.de Pagina officialis circuli] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Binethensis comitatus circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1977]] o5u6zqzt0p1r0in55go4o3a32hpf2tq 3981927 3981926 2026-08-18T00:38:27Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981927 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}} {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Hoeltingmuehle_Meppen.jpg|thumb|left|In oppido [[Meppea]] flumina [[Amisia]] et [[Hasa]] confluunt.]] [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in EL.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Terrae Emesensis.]] '''Circulus Terrae Emesensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Terrae Altenburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Emsland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum "terra-ae" Theodiscum lexema ''-land'' vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Emesensis-e" ad flumen [[Amisia|Emesam]] refertur. De hoc hydronymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Emsland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Oamselound''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1977]] conditus est ex antiquis circulis ''Aschendorf-Hümling'', ''Meppea'' atque partibus circuli ''Lingae''. Caput circuli urbs [[Meppea]] est. == Historia == Terra Emesensis a medioaevo ad annum [[1802]] ad [[Dioecesis Monasteriensis|Principatum episcopalem Monasterii]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1806]] Terra Emesensis ad [[Magnus Ducatus Montensis|Magnum Ducatum Montensem]] pertinuit, ab anno [[1810]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum]]. [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleone]] imperatore victo Terra Emesensis ab anno [[1814]] ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1885]] circuli ''Aschendorf'', ''Hümling'', ''Meppea'' et ''Linga'' conditi sunt. Anno [[1932]] circuli Aschendorf et Hümling coniuncti sunt. Tempore dictaturae [[NSDAP|Nazistarum]] in Terra Emesensi multa castra carceralia condita sunt. Post [[Secundum Bellum Mundanum]] [[Nederlandia]] agrum circuli reparationis causa postulavit neque tamen multum adipisci potuit<ref>[http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-44435312.html Der Spiegel die 1 Ianuarii 1949]</ref>. Pars Terrae Emesensis etiam a captivis liberatis Polonicis ad annum [[1948]] "Area occupationis Polonica" administrata est<ref>[http://www.deutschlandradiokultur.de/1945-als-das-emsland-polnisch-war.1001.de.html?dram:article_id=155820 deutschlandradiokultur.de die 24 Iunii 2005]</ref>. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Anno [[1977]] circulus Terrae Emesensis conditus est ex antiquis circulis ''Aschendorf-Hümling'', ''Meppea'' atque partibus circuli ''Lingae''. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt 60 communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Emsbura]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Emsbüren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büren'') (9903 incolae) * [[Geeste]] (11.260) * [[Haren (Amisia)|Haren]], oppidum (23.255) * [[Haselünne]], oppidum (12.504) * [[Linga (Amisia)|Linga]], oppidum (52.503) * [[Meppea]] oppidum et caput circuli (34.549) * [[Papenburg]], oppidum (35.981) * [[Rhede (Amisia)|Rhede]] (4175) * [[Salzbergen]] (7535) * [[Twist]] (9499) * [[Thorpum (commune generale)|Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardDorfinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20160831-7111.htm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Dörpen''', 9. Jh., bei Aschendorf nördlich Meppens, F2-1090 THURP (Dorf) Dorfa (7), Thorpum (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen'') commune generale (16.140) ** [[Dersum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Dersum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Derßm'') (1466) ** [[Heede]] (2419) ** [[Kluse]] (1587) ** [[Lehe]] (999) ** [[Neubörger]] (1544) ** [[Neulehe]] (762) ** [[Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen''), sedes administrationis (4983) ** [[Walchum]] (1457) ** [[Wippingen]] (923) * [[Frera (commune generale)|Frera]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Freren'') commune generale (10.304) ** [[Andervenia]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et pagis ditionis Rotenburgensis (Caput de parochia Ahusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiqua parochia Alfhusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis et Comitatus Lingensis (Caput de parochia Anderveniae)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Andervenne'') (879) ** [[Bestena]]<ref name="Jellinghaus 1923">Jellinghaus, H. (1923). ''Die westfälischen Ortsnamen nach ihren Bestandteilen''' (III ed.). Ferdinand Schöningh.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beesten'') (1597) ** [[Frera]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Freren''), urbs et sedes administrationis (5000) ** Messingen (1058) ** Thuine (1770) * [[Herzlake (commune generale)|Herzlake]] commune generale (10.050) ** [[Dohra (Terra Emesensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dohren '') (1097) ** [[Herzlake]], sedes administrationis (4248) ** [[Lähden]] (4705) * [[Lathen (commune generale)|Lathen]] commune generale (11.237) ** [[Fresenburg]] (909) ** [[Lathen]], sedes administrationis (6159) ** [[Niederlangen]] (1208) ** [[Oberlangen]] (951) ** [[Renkenberge]] (715) ** [[Sustrum]] (1295) * [[Lengerich (commune generale)|Lengerich]] commune generale (9093) ** [[Bawinkelum]]<ref name="Moser 1738">Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bawinkel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bowinkel'') (2359) ** [[Gersten]] (1209) ** [[Handrup]] (841) ** [[Langen]] (1451) ** [[Lengerich]], sedes administrationis (2658) ** [[Wettrup]] (575) * [[Nordhummlinga (commune generale)|Nordhumlinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nordhümmling'') commune generale (12.005) ** [[Bochorstia]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bockhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukhast'')(987) ** [[Breddenberga]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898">Wilmans, R., & Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.). (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden und angrenzender Gebiete''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Breddenberg'') (788) ** [[Esterwega]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esterwegen''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Äästerweede''), sedes administrationis (5179) ** [[Hilkenbrook]] (806) ** [[Surwold]] (4245) * [[Sögel (commune generale)|Sögel]] commune generale (15.997) ** [[Burgium (Saxonia Inferior)|Burgium]]<ref name="Remling VII 2026">Remling, L. (2026). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Emsland''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Börger''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borger'') (2747) ** [[Groß Berßen]] (656) ** [[Hüven]] (519) ** [[Klein Berßen]] (1127) ** [[Sögel]], sedes administrationis (7335) ** [[Spahnharrenstätte]] (1511) ** [[Stavern]] (1066) ** [[Werpeloh]] (1036) * [[Spelle (commune generale)|Spelle]] commune generale (13.018) ** [[Lünne]] (1877) ** [[Schapen]] (2327) ** [[Spelle]], sedes administrationis (8814) ** [[Werlte]] commune generale (16.749) ** [[Lahn]] (897) ** [[Lorup]] (3184) ** [[Rastdorf]] (1015) ** [[Vrees]] (1695) ** [[Werlte]], sedes administrationis (9958), sed etiam oppidum in anno domini 2017 est. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Emsland|circulum Terrae Emesensis}} * [http://www.emsland.de Pagina officialis circuli] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Binethensis comitatus circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1977]] g2cxuebrrzvjt9vgbuwzng1fqo37jpm 3981928 3981927 2026-08-18T00:39:32Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981928 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}} {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Hoeltingmuehle_Meppen.jpg|thumb|left|In oppido [[Meppea]] flumina [[Amisia]] et [[Hasa]] confluunt.]] [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in EL.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Terrae Emesensis.]] '''Circulus Terrae Emesensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Terrae Altenburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Emsland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum "terra-ae" Theodiscum lexema ''-land'' vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Emesensis-e" ad flumen [[Amisia|Emesam]] refertur. De hoc hydronymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Emsland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Oamselound''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1977]] conditus est ex antiquis circulis ''Aschendorf-Hümling'', ''Meppea'' atque partibus circuli ''Lingae''. Caput circuli urbs [[Meppea]] est. == Historia == Terra Emesensis a medioaevo ad annum [[1802]] ad [[Dioecesis Monasteriensis|Principatum episcopalem Monasterii]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1806]] Terra Emesensis ad [[Magnus Ducatus Montensis|Magnum Ducatum Montensem]] pertinuit, ab anno [[1810]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum]]. [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleone]] imperatore victo Terra Emesensis ab anno [[1814]] ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1885]] circuli ''Aschendorf'', ''Hümling'', ''Meppea'' et ''Linga'' conditi sunt. Anno [[1932]] circuli Aschendorf et Hümling coniuncti sunt. Tempore dictaturae [[NSDAP|Nazistarum]] in Terra Emesensi multa castra carceralia condita sunt. Post [[Secundum Bellum Mundanum]] [[Nederlandia]] agrum circuli reparationis causa postulavit neque tamen multum adipisci potuit<ref>[http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-44435312.html Der Spiegel die 1 Ianuarii 1949]</ref>. Pars Terrae Emesensis etiam a captivis liberatis Polonicis ad annum [[1948]] "Area occupationis Polonica" administrata est<ref>[http://www.deutschlandradiokultur.de/1945-als-das-emsland-polnisch-war.1001.de.html?dram:article_id=155820 deutschlandradiokultur.de die 24 Iunii 2005]</ref>. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Anno [[1977]] circulus Terrae Emesensis conditus est ex antiquis circulis ''Aschendorf-Hümling'', ''Meppea'' atque partibus circuli ''Lingae''. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt 60 communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Emsbura]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Emsbüren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büren'') (9903 incolae) * [[Geeste]] (11.260) * [[Haren (Amisia)|Haren]], oppidum (23.255) * [[Haselünne]], oppidum (12.504) * [[Linga (Amisia)|Linga]], oppidum (52.503) * [[Meppea]] oppidum et caput circuli (34.549) * [[Papenburg]], oppidum (35.981) * [[Rhede (Amisia)|Rhede]] (4175) * [[Salzbergen]] (7535) * [[Twist]] (9499) * [[Thorpum (commune generale)|Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardDorfinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20160831-7111.htm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Dörpen''', 9. Jh., bei Aschendorf nördlich Meppens, F2-1090 THURP (Dorf) Dorfa (7), Thorpum (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen'') commune generale (16.140) ** [[Dersum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Dersum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Derßm'') (1466) ** [[Heede]] (2419) ** [[Kluse]] (1587) ** [[Lehe]] (999) ** [[Neubörger]] (1544) ** [[Neulehe]] (762) ** [[Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen''), sedes administrationis (4983) ** [[Walchum]] (1457) ** [[Wippingen]] (923) * [[Frera (commune generale)|Frera]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Freren'') commune generale (10.304) ** [[Andervenia]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et pagis ditionis Rotenburgensis (Caput de parochia Ahusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiqua parochia Alfhusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis et Comitatus Lingensis (Caput de parochia Anderveniae)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Andervenne'') (879) ** [[Bestena]]<ref name="Jellinghaus 1923">Jellinghaus, H. (1923). ''Die westfälischen Ortsnamen nach ihren Bestandteilen''' (III ed.). Ferdinand Schöningh.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beesten'') (1597) ** [[Frera]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Freren''), urbs et sedes administrationis (5000) ** Messingen (1058) ** Thuine (1770) * [[Herzlake (commune generale)|Herzlake]] commune generale (10.050) ** [[Dohra (Terra Emesensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dohren '') (1097) ** [[Herzlake]], sedes administrationis (4248) ** [[Lähden]] (4705) * [[Lathen (commune generale)|Lathen]] commune generale (11.237) ** [[Fresenburg]] (909) ** [[Lathen]], sedes administrationis (6159) ** [[Niederlangen]] (1208) ** [[Oberlangen]] (951) ** [[Renkenberge]] (715) ** [[Sustrum]] (1295) * [[Lengerich (commune generale)|Lengerich]] commune generale (9093) ** [[Bawinkelum]]<ref name="Moser 1738">Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bawinkel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bowinkel'') (2359) ** [[Gersten]] (1209) ** [[Handrup]] (841) ** [[Langen]] (1451) ** [[Lengerich]], sedes administrationis (2658) ** [[Wettrup]] (575) * [[Nordhummlinga (commune generale)|Nordhummlinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nordhümmling'') commune generale (12.005) ** [[Bochorstia]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bockhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukhast'')(987) ** [[Breddenberga]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898">Wilmans, R., & Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.). (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden und angrenzender Gebiete''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Breddenberg'') (788) ** [[Esterwega]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esterwegen''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Äästerweede''), sedes administrationis (5179) ** [[Hilkenbrook]] (806) ** [[Surwold]] (4245) * [[Sögel (commune generale)|Sögel]] commune generale (15.997) ** [[Burgium (Saxonia Inferior)|Burgium]]<ref name="Remling VII 2026">Remling, L. (2026). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Emsland''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Börger''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borger'') (2747) ** [[Groß Berßen]] (656) ** [[Hüven]] (519) ** [[Klein Berßen]] (1127) ** [[Sögel]], sedes administrationis (7335) ** [[Spahnharrenstätte]] (1511) ** [[Stavern]] (1066) ** [[Werpeloh]] (1036) * [[Spelle (commune generale)|Spelle]] commune generale (13.018) ** [[Lünne]] (1877) ** [[Schapen]] (2327) ** [[Spelle]], sedes administrationis (8814) ** [[Werlte]] commune generale (16.749) ** [[Lahn]] (897) ** [[Lorup]] (3184) ** [[Rastdorf]] (1015) ** [[Vrees]] (1695) ** [[Werlte]], sedes administrationis (9958), sed etiam oppidum in anno domini 2017 est. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Emsland|circulum Terrae Emesensis}} * [http://www.emsland.de Pagina officialis circuli] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Binethensis comitatus circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1977]] qyrl7xjml04uzy4iw1suaquug0ckxzv 3981930 3981928 2026-08-18T00:47:19Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981930 wikitext text/x-wiki {{L1}} {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Hoeltingmuehle_Meppen.jpg|thumb|left|In oppido [[Meppea]] flumina [[Amisia]] et [[Hasa]] confluunt.]] [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in EL.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Terrae Emesensis.]] '''Circulus Terrae Emesensis'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Terrae Altenburgensis" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Emsland'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landkreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) et Latinum "terra-ae" Theodiscum lexema ''-land'' vertit et Latinum gentilicium "Emesensis-e" ad flumen [[Amisia|Emesam]] refertur. De hoc hydronymo, vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Emsland''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Oamselound''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1977]] conditus est ex antiquis circulis ''Aschendorf-Hümling'', ''Meppea'' atque partibus circuli ''Lingae''. Caput circuli urbs [[Meppea]] est. == Historia == Terra Emesensis a medioaevo ad annum [[1802]] ad [[Dioecesis Monasteriensis|Principatum episcopalem Monasterii]] pertinuit. Ab anno [[1806]] Terra Emesensis ad [[Magnus Ducatus Montensis|Magnum Ducatum Montensem]] pertinuit, ab anno [[1810]] ad [[Primum Imperium Francicum]]. [[Napoleo I (imperator Franciae)|Napoleone]] imperatore victo Terra Emesensis ab anno [[1814]] ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1885]] circuli ''Aschendorf'', ''Hümling'', ''Meppea'' et ''Linga'' conditi sunt. Anno [[1932]] circuli Aschendorf et Hümling coniuncti sunt. Tempore dictaturae [[NSDAP|Nazistarum]] in Terra Emesensi multa castra carceralia condita sunt. Post [[Secundum Bellum Mundanum]] [[Nederlandia]] agrum circuli reparationis causa postulavit neque tamen multum adipisci potuit<ref>[http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-44435312.html Der Spiegel die 1 Ianuarii 1949]</ref>. Pars Terrae Emesensis etiam a captivis liberatis Polonicis ad annum [[1948]] "Area occupationis Polonica" administrata est<ref>[http://www.deutschlandradiokultur.de/1945-als-das-emsland-polnisch-war.1001.de.html?dram:article_id=155820 deutschlandradiokultur.de die 24 Iunii 2005]</ref>. Ab anno [[1946]] Circulus Binethensis pars Saxoniae Inferioris est. Numerus incolarum tum multis hominibus auctus est, qui e Germania Orientali fugati erant. Anno [[1977]] circulus Terrae Emesensis conditus est ex antiquis circulis ''Aschendorf-Hümling'', ''Meppea'' atque partibus circuli ''Lingae''. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt 60 communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Emsbura]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Emsbüren''; [[Saxonice]] ''Büren'') (9903 incolae) * [[Geeste]] (11.260) * [[Haren (Amisia)|Haren]], oppidum (23.255) * [[Haselünne]], oppidum (12.504) * [[Linga (Amisia)|Linga]], oppidum (52.503) * [[Meppea]] oppidum et caput circuli (34.549) * [[Papenburg]], oppidum (35.981) * [[Rhede (Amisia)|Rhede]] (4175) * [[Salzbergen]] (7535) * [[Twist]] (9499) * [[Thorpum (commune generale)|Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum">Vide [https://www.koeblergerhard.de/ZIER-HP/ZIER-HP-06-2016/AAAKoeblerGerhardDorfinderdeutschenOrtsgeschichte20160831-7111.htm ''www.koeblergerhard.de''], ubi dicitur "(...) '''Dörpen''', 9. Jh., bei Aschendorf nördlich Meppens, F2-1090 THURP (Dorf) Dorfa (7), Thorpum (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen'') commune generale (16.140) ** [[Dersum]]<ref name="Egger 1977">Egger, C. (1977). ''Lexicon Nominum Locorum (Officium Libri Catholici)''. Libreria Editrice Vaticana.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Dersum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Derßm'') (1466) ** [[Heede]] (2419) ** [[Kluse]] (1587) ** [[Lehe]] (999) ** [[Neubörger]] (1544) ** [[Neulehe]] (762) ** [[Thorpum]]<ref name="Thorpum"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dörpen''), sedes administrationis (4983) ** [[Walchum]] (1457) ** [[Wippingen]] (923) * [[Frera (commune generale)|Frera]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Freren'') commune generale (10.304) ** [[Andervenia]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et pagis ditionis Rotenburgensis (Caput de parochia Ahusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiqua parochia Alfhusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis et Comitatus Lingensis (Caput de parochia Anderveniae)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Andervenne'') (879) ** [[Bestena]]<ref name="Jellinghaus 1923">Jellinghaus, H. (1923). ''Die westfälischen Ortsnamen nach ihren Bestandteilen''' (III ed.). Ferdinand Schöningh.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Beesten'') (1597) ** [[Frera]]<ref name="-a"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Freren''), urbs et sedes administrationis (5000) ** Messingen (1058) ** Thuine (1770) * [[Herzlake (commune generale)|Herzlake]] commune generale (10.050) ** [[Dohra (Terra Emesensis)|Dohra]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dohren '') (1097) ** [[Herzlake]], sedes administrationis (4248) ** [[Lähden]] (4705) * [[Lathen (commune generale)|Lathen]] commune generale (11.237) ** [[Fresenburgum]]<ref name="-burg">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-burg'' et ''-borg'' et ''-burgh'' et ''-bourg'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-burgum-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Wisingsburgum]], [[Edinburgum]], [[Alburgum]], [[Altenburgum]], [[Brandeburgum]], [[Caroburgum]], [[Doesburgum]], [[Friburgum]], [[Hamburgum]], [[Iulioburgum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Fresenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fräsenborg'') (909) ** [[Lathen]], sedes administrationis (6159) ** [[Niederlangen]] (1208) ** [[Oberlangen]] (951) ** [[Renkenberge]] (715) ** [[Sustrum]] (1295) * [[Lengerich (commune generale)|Lengerich]] commune generale (9093) ** [[Bawinkelum]]<ref name="Moser 1738">Moser, J. J. (1738). ''Bibliotheca Iuris Publici S. R. I. Germanici: Specially regarding the territories of Westphalia and Lower Saxony''. Typis Ioannis Georgii Cottae.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bawinkel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bowinkel'') (2359) ** [[Gersten]] (1209) ** [[Handrup]] (841) ** [[Langen]] (1451) ** [[Lengerich]], sedes administrationis (2658) ** [[Wettrup]] (575) * [[Nordhummlinga (commune generale)|Nordhummlinga]]<ref name="-inga">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-ing'' et ''-ingen'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-inga-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Huninga]], [[Ihilinga]], [[Incinga]], [[Isininga]], [[Lauginga]], [[Leichlinga]], [[Liuchinga]], [[Liutmuntinga]], [[Lollinga]], [[Machtolvinga]], [[Mecchinga]], [[Memminga]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Nordhümmling'') commune generale (12.005) ** [[Bochorstia]]<ref name="Erhard 1851">Erhard, H. A. (Ed.) (1851). ''Regesta Historiae Westfaliae: Accedit Codex Diplomaticus/Regesten der Geschichte Westfalens''. Regensberg.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bockhorst''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baukhast'')(987) ** [[Breddenberga]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898">Wilmans, R., & Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.). (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden und angrenzender Gebiete''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Breddenberg'') (788) ** [[Esterwega]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Esterwegen''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Äästerweede''), sedes administrationis (5179) ** [[Hilkenbrook]] (806) ** [[Surwold]] (4245) * [[Sögel (commune generale)|Sögel]] commune generale (15.997) ** [[Burgium (Saxonia Inferior)|Burgium]]<ref name="Remling VII 2026">Remling, L. (2026). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Emsland''. In ''J. Udolph (Ed.), Niedersächsisches Ortsnamenbuch (NOB) (Teil VII)''. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Börger''; [[Saxonice]] ''Borger'') (2747) ** [[Groß Berßen]] (656) ** [[Hüven]] (519) ** [[Klein Berßen]] (1127) ** [[Sögel]], sedes administrationis (7335) ** [[Spahnharrenstätte]] (1511) ** [[Stavern]] (1066) ** [[Werpeloh]] (1036) * [[Spelle (commune generale)|Spelle]] commune generale (13.018) ** [[Lünne]] (1877) ** [[Schapen]] (2327) ** [[Spelle]], sedes administrationis (8814) ** [[Werlte]] commune generale (16.749) ** [[Lahn]] (897) ** [[Lorup]] (3184) ** [[Rastdorf]] (1015) ** [[Vrees]] (1695) ** [[Werlte]], sedes administrationis (9958), sed etiam oppidum in anno domini 2017 est. == Notae == <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Emsland|circulum Terrae Emesensis}} * [http://www.emsland.de Pagina officialis circuli] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Binethensis comitatus circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1977]] c2zug7wt2r232v93pgum2qykl06hr19 Circulus terrae Diepholtia 0 267096 3981881 3981627 2026-08-17T22:46:12Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981881 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} [[Fasciculus:Municipalities in DH.svg|300px|right|Communia in circulo Diepholtia.]] '''Circulus terrae Diepholtia'''<ref name="Hofmannus">{{Hofmannus}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Diepholz''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Diepholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Deefholt''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1977]] conditus est et circulis pristinis comitatibus Diepholtia<ref name="Hofmannus"/> et Hoya. == De rebus gestis == Ager circuli maxima ex parte ad [[Electoratus Brunsvici-Luneburgi|Electoratum Brunsvici-Luneburgi]] pertinuit. Anno [[1803]] cum toto Ducato a copiis [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Francicis]] occupatum est. Ab anno [[1810]] ad [[1813]] pars [[Primum Imperium Francicum|Imperii Francici]] erat. Tum ad [[Regnum Hannoveranum]], ab anno [[1866]] ad [[Borussia]]m pertinuit. Anno [[1977]] circulus conditus est (vide supra). == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communia generalia coniuncti sunt: * [[Birsina]]<ref name="Orbis Latinus A-D">[https://www.bavarikon.de/object/bav:BSB-MDZ-00000BSB00050912?p=1&cq=Antonius%20%E3%80%88de%20Brixia%E3%80%89&lang=de ''Orbis latinus : Lexikon lateinischer geographischer Namen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit / 1. A-D''].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bassum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bassen''), [[urbs]] (15.768 incolae) * [[Diepholtia]]<ref name="Hofmannus"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Diepholz''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deefholt''), urbs et caput circuli (16.692) * [[Stuhr]] (33.083) * [[Sulingen]], oppidum (12.681) * [[Syke]], oppidum (24.018) * [[Twistringen]], oppidum (12.219) * [[Wagenfeld]] (7102) * [[Weyhe]] (30.388) * [[Altes Amt Lemförde (commune generale)|Altes Amt Lemförde]] (8211) ** [[Brochema]]<ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898">Wilmans, R., & Hoogeweg, H. (Ed.). (1898). ''Westfälisches Urkundenbuch: Band 6. Die Urkunden des Bisthums Minden und angrenzender Gebiete''. [[Monasterium (Germania)|Monasterii]]: Regensberg'schen Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Brockum''; [[Saxonice]] ''Broubm'' seu ''Brookm'') (1021) ** Hüde (1131) ** Lembruch (1148) ** Lemförde (sedes administrationis, 3105) ** Marl (718) ** Quernheim (424) ** Stemshorn (664) * [[Barnstorfium (commune generale)|Barnstorfium]]<ref name="Böhmer 2007"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnstrup'') (12.016) ** [[Barnstorfium]]<ref name="Böhmer 2007">Böhmer, J. F. (2007). ''Regesta Imperii III: Salisches Haus 1024–1125. Die Regesten des Kaiserreiches unter Heinrich IV'' (T. Struve, Ed.). Böhlau Verlag.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barnstorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnstrup'') (sedes administrationis, 6292) ** [[Drentwede]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1842">von Hodenberg, W. (1842). ''Diepholzer Urkundenbuch''. [[Hannovera]]e.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drentwede'') (994) ** [[Eydelstadium]]<ref name="-stadt">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-stadt'' et ''-stedt'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-stadium-i", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Arnstadium]], [[Bernstadium]], [[Berolstadium]], [[Carolostadium]], [[Hermannostadium]], [[Darmstadium]], [[Freistadium]], [[Eisenstadium]], [[Fraustadium]], [[Harpstadium]], [[Helmstadium]], [[Altstadium]], [[Auerstadium]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Eydelstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Eidelstee'') (1759) ** [[Triburi]]<ref name="Philippi & Bar 1892">Philippi, F., & Bär, M. (Eds.) (1892). ''Osnabrücker Urkundenbuch: Die Urkunden der Jahre 772-1200'' (Vol. 1). Verein für Geschichte und Landeskunde von Osnabrück.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Drebber'') (2971) * [[Brochusium-Vilsena (commune generale)|Brochusium-Vilsena]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/><ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bruchhausen-Vilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brooksen-Vilsen'') (16.971) ** [[Asenthorpium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1855). ''Hoyer Urkundenbuch:'' (Vol. I). Hannoverae: Jänecke Verlag.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Asendorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Asendörp'') (2919) ** [[Brochusium-Vilsena]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/><ref name="Wilmans & Hoogeweg VI 1898"/> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Bruchhausen-Vilsen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Brooksen-Vilsen'') (sedes administrationis et oppidum, 8837) ** Martfeld (2681) ** Schwarme (2534) * [[Kirchdorf (commune generale)|Kirchdorf]] (7444) ** [[Asylum (Saxonia Inferior)|Asylum]]<ref name="Asylum">Theodiscum nomen ''Freistatt'', quod ''Freistätte, Zufluchtsort, Asyl'' significat, Latine "asylum" reddi potest. Nam in ''Deutsches Wörterbuch'' de Weigand et Hirt vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' explicatur ut «Freistatt» et ipsa vox Theodisca ''Asyl'' e Latino "asylum" orta esse dicitur. Praeterea lexicon Germanico-Latinum, quod in traditione lexicographica Georgii continetur, directe tradit: ''Freistatt, -stätte'', "asylum'". Itaque "Asylum" non est forma ficticia neque mera translatio nostra, sed aequivalentia lexicographice comprobata.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Freistatt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freestatt'') (632) ** [[Barenburgum]]<ref name="Kolb 1712">Kolb, G. (1712). ''Compendium totius orbis: partim geographicum, partim historicum, partim genealogicum''. Typis Universitatis Carolo-Francisceae</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Barenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Baarnborg'') (1242) ** [[Bergenborstelium]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1855"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bahrenborstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bornbössel'' seu ''Boornbössel'') (1134) ** Kirchdorf (sedes administrationis, 2145) ** Varrel (1504) ** Wehrbleck (787) * [[Rehden (commune generale)|Rehden]] (5887) ** [[Barverum]]<ref name="Böhmer 1844">Böhmer, J. F. (1844). ''Regesta Chronologico-Diplomatica Regum et Imperatorum Romanorum: Inde a Conrado I. Usque ad Henricum VII''. Typis et Sumtibus J. C. Hermann. </ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Barver'') (1049) ** Dickel (462) ** Hemsloh (563) ** Rehden (sedes administrationis, 2055) ** Wetschen (1758) * [[Schwaförden (commune generale)|Schwaförden]] (6892) ** [[Affinghusia]]<ref name="Rathlef 1766">Rathlef, E. L. (1766). ''Geschichte der Grafschaften Hoya und Diepholz: Monimenta diplomatica et antiquitates ditionis Affinghusiae'' (Vol. I). Bremae: Försterischen Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Affinghausen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Affinghusen'' seu ''Affjehusen'') (832) ** [[Erenburgum]]<ref name="Minden II 1902">Minden, G. von (Ed.) (1902). ''Urkundenbuch der Bischöfe von Verden und Minden (Band 2)''. Hahn’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Ehrenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ehrenborg'') (1510) ** Neuenkirchen (1163) ** Scholen (808) ** Schwaförde (sedes administrationis, 1523) ** Sudwalde (1056) * [[Siedenburg (commune generale)|Siedenburg]] (4604) ** [[Borstla]]<ref name="Hodenberg 1842">Hodenberg, W. von (Ed.) (1842). ''Diepholzer Urkundenbuch: Authentische Urkunden zur Geschichte der Grafschaft Diepholz''. [[Hannovera]]e: Hahn'schen Hofbuchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Borstel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bössel'') (1249) ** Maasen (469) ** Mellinghausen (1075) ** Siedenburg (sedes administrationis, 1278) {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] ==Notae== <references /> == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Diepholz|Circulum Diepholtiam}} * [http://www.diepholz.de/ Pagina officialis] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{geo-stipula}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Diepholz circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1977]] 06cfe66ah5hsq89489ppa5nog7hi8lq Circulus Stadae 0 267412 3981870 3981569 2026-08-17T21:40:17Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981870 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} '''Circulus Stadae'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Stadae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Stade'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Stadae]]", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Stade''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Stade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Stood''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et finibus mutatis ad diem hodiernum exstat. == De rebus gestis == Ager circuli ab anno [[1719]] ad [[Electoratus Brunsvici-Luneburgi|Electoratum Brunsvici-Luneburgi]] pertinuit, post [[Bella Coalitionum|Bella Napoleonica]] ad novum [[Regnum Hannoveranum]]. Ab anno [[1866]] pars [[Borussia]]e fuit. Anno [[1932]] fines circuli auctae sunt. Ab anno [[1946]] circulus ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet et anno [[1972]] fines hodiernas accipit. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communi generalia coniuncta sunt: * [[Buxtehuda]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1842">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1842). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Buxtehude''; [[Saxonice]] ''Buxthu''), urbs Hanseatica et commune sui iuris (40.173 incolae) * [[Drochtersa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Drochtersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Drochters'') (11.292) * [[Jork]] (12.050) * [[Stadae]] caput circuli et urbs Hanseatica (46.378) * [[Abensium (commune generale)|Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et pagis ditionis Rotenburgensis (Caput de parochia Ahusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiqua parochia Alfhusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis et Comitatus Lingensis (Caput de parochia Anderveniae)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiquo archidiaconatu Anchemii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis, decimis et pagis ditionis Stadiensis (Caput de parochia Abensii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> commune generale (8958) ** [[Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Apensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Obbens''), sedes administrationis (3945) ** [[Beckdorfium]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010">Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (2010). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'' (K. Casemir, F. Menzel, & U. Ohainski, Eds.). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Beckdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beekdörp'') (2660) ** [[Sauensiek]] (2353) * [[Fredenbiki (commune generale)|Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-beck'' seu ''-beek'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-biki-orum", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Aesebiki]], [[Asbiki]], [[Beverbiki]], [[Gledabiki]], [[Goltbiki]], [[Sannanabiki]], [[Trobiki]], [[Walbeka|Walbiki]], [[Winesbiki]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek'') commune generale (12.704) ** [[Deinste]]<ref name="Vanni & Rossi 2012">Vanni, D., & Rossi, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Index Nominum Geographicorum Locorumque Mundi Latine Redditus''. Societas Latina.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Deinste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deinst)'') (1999) ** [[Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek''), sedes administrationis (6072) ** [[Kutenholz]] (4633) * [[Harsefeld (commune generale)|Harsefeld]] commune generale (20.929) ** [[Alorstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1758">Pratje, J. H. (1758). ''Historische Nachrichten von dem ehemaligen berühmten Closter Harsefeld: Monumenta ac documenta saeculi XII ubi de decimis Alorstedii agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Ahlerstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohlers'') (5273) ** [[Bargstedum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764">Mushard, M. (1764). ''Palaeogentilismus Bremensis: Monumenta ac veterum tumuli in ducatibus Bremensi et Verdensi''. Typis Andreae Vandenhoeck.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bargstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargst'' seu ''Bars'') (1987) ** [[Brestum (Saxonia Inferior)|Brestum]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brest'') (795) ** [[Harsefeld]], sedes administrationis (12.874) * [[Horneburg (commune generale)|Horneburg]] commune generale (12.388) ** [[Arx Agathae]]<ref name="Kochen 1724">Kochen, J. H. (1724). ''Introductio in Historiam Ducatus Bremensis y Verdensis: Accesserunt diplomata varia et descriptio Arcis Agathae et ditionis Stadiensis''. Stadae: Typis Caspari Holmii.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Agathenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gothenborg'') (1180) ** [[Bliederstorpum]]<ref name="Trüper 2017">Trüper, H. G. (2017). ''Urkundenbuch der Herren von Zesterfleth: 1232–1657''. Wallstein Verlag.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bliedersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bliersdörp'') (1717) ** [[Dolnere]]<ref name="Dolnere">Vide [https://adw-goe.de/fileadmin/forschungsprojekte/ortsnamen_rhein_elbe/dokumente/Publikationen_Udolph_PDF/2001-2005/315._Udolph_Anmerkungen_zum_Ortsnamen_Dollern.pdf ''Anmerkugen zum Ortsnamen Dollern''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1105 (Fälschung Mitte 12. Jh.) ''Dolnere'' (...) 1209 ''Johannes de dolnere'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dollern'') (2034) ** [[Horneburg]], sedes administrationis (6026) ** [[Nottensdorf]] (1431) * [[Lühe (commune generale)|Lühe]] commune generale (9844) ** [[Grünendeich]] (1871) ** [[Guderhandviertel]] (1111) ** [[Hollern-Twielenfleth]] (3360) ** [[Mittelnkirchen]] (1076) ** [[Neuenkirchen]] (838) ** [[Steinkirchen]], sedes administrationis (1588) * [[Nordkehdingen (commune generale)|Nordkehdingen]] commune generale (7375) ** [[Balga]]<ref name="Udolph 1994">Udolph, J. (1994). ''Namenkundliche Studien zum Germanenproblem'' (Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Ergänzungsbände 9). Walter de Gruyter.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Balje'') (1017) ** [[Friburgum ad Albim]] (''Freiburg/Elbe'') (1872) ** [[Krummendeich]] (490) ** [[Oederquart]] (1040) ** [[Wischhafen]] (2956) * [[Oldendorf-Himmelpforten (commune generale)|Oldendorf-Himmelpforten]] commune generale (17.963) ** [[Borchwega]]<ref name="Rüther 1905">Rüther, H. (Ed.) (1905). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Neuenwalde''. Halle’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Burweg'') (1007) ** [[Dudanebutli]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1841">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1841). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch (Band 1)''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Düdenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düünbeudel'') (990) ** [[Engelschofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Engelschoff''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engelschopp'') (763) ** [[Esdorpe]]<ref name="Lisch & Wigger">Lisch, G. C. F., & Wigger, F. (Ed.). (1878). ''Mecklenburgisches Urkundenbuch''.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')] (1428) ** [[Großenwörden]] (454) ** [[Hammah]] (3066) ** [[Heinbockel]] (1420) ** [[Himmelpforten]], sedes administrationis (5127) ** [[Kranenburg]] (726) ** [[Oldendorf]] (2982) == Notae == <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Stade|Circulum Stadae}} * [http://www.landkreis-stade.de/ Pagina officialis] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Stadae circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] 9ypmodgxldwrg5v4p6s7g9uzyja84lu 3981874 3981870 2026-08-17T22:02:45Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981874 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} '''Circulus Stadae'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Stadae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Stade'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Stadae]]", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Stade''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Stade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Stood''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et finibus mutatis ad diem hodiernum exstat. == De rebus gestis == Ager circuli ab anno [[1719]] ad [[Electoratus Brunsvici-Luneburgi|Electoratum Brunsvici-Luneburgi]] pertinuit, post [[Bella Coalitionum|Bella Napoleonica]] ad novum [[Regnum Hannoveranum]]. Ab anno [[1866]] pars [[Borussia]]e fuit. Anno [[1932]] fines circuli auctae sunt. Ab anno [[1946]] circulus ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet et anno [[1972]] fines hodiernas accipit. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communi generalia coniuncta sunt: * [[Buxtehuda]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1842">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1842). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Buxtehude''; [[Saxonice]] ''Buxthu''), urbs Hanseatica et commune sui iuris (40.173 incolae) * [[Drochtersa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Drochtersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Drochters'') (11.292) * [[Jork]] (12.050) * [[Stadae]] caput circuli et urbs Hanseatica (46.378) * [[Abensium (commune generale)|Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et pagis ditionis Rotenburgensis (Caput de parochia Ahusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiqua parochia Alfhusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis et Comitatus Lingensis (Caput de parochia Anderveniae)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiquo archidiaconatu Anchemii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis, decimis et pagis ditionis Stadiensis (Caput de parochia Abensii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> commune generale (8958) ** [[Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Apensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Obbens''), sedes administrationis (3945) ** [[Beckdorfium]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010">Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (2010). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'' (K. Casemir, F. Menzel, & U. Ohainski, Eds.). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Beckdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beekdörp'') (2660) ** [[Sauensiek]] (2353) * [[Fredenbiki (commune generale)|Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-beck'' seu ''-beek'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-biki-orum", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Aesebiki]], [[Asbiki]], [[Beverbiki]], [[Gledabiki]], [[Goltbiki]], [[Sannanabiki]], [[Trobiki]], [[Walbeka|Walbiki]], [[Winesbiki]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek'') commune generale (12.704) ** [[Deinste]]<ref name="Vanni & Rossi 2012">Vanni, D., & Rossi, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Index Nominum Geographicorum Locorumque Mundi Latine Redditus''. Societas Latina.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Deinste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deinst)'') (1999) ** [[Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek''), sedes administrationis (6072) ** [[Kutenholz]] (4633) * [[Harsefeld (commune generale)|Harsefeld]] commune generale (20.929) ** [[Alorstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1758">Pratje, J. H. (1758). ''Historische Nachrichten von dem ehemaligen berühmten Closter Harsefeld: Monumenta ac documenta saeculi XII ubi de decimis Alorstedii agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Ahlerstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohlers'') (5273) ** [[Bargstedum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764">Mushard, M. (1764). ''Palaeogentilismus Bremensis: Monumenta ac veterum tumuli in ducatibus Bremensi et Verdensi''. Typis Andreae Vandenhoeck.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bargstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargst'' seu ''Bars'') (1987) ** [[Brestum (Saxonia Inferior)|Brestum]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brest'') (795) ** [[Harsefeld]], sedes administrationis (12.874) * [[Horneburg (commune generale)|Horneburg]] commune generale (12.388) ** [[Arx Agathae]]<ref name="Kochen 1724">Kochen, J. H. (1724). ''Introductio in Historiam Ducatus Bremensis y Verdensis: Accesserunt diplomata varia et descriptio Arcis Agathae et ditionis Stadiensis''. Stadae: Typis Caspari Holmii.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Agathenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gothenborg'') (1180) ** [[Bliederstorpum]]<ref name="Trüper 2017">Trüper, H. G. (2017). ''Urkundenbuch der Herren von Zesterfleth: 1232–1657''. Wallstein Verlag.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bliedersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bliersdörp'') (1717) ** [[Dolnere]]<ref name="Dolnere">Vide [https://adw-goe.de/fileadmin/forschungsprojekte/ortsnamen_rhein_elbe/dokumente/Publikationen_Udolph_PDF/2001-2005/315._Udolph_Anmerkungen_zum_Ortsnamen_Dollern.pdf ''Anmerkugen zum Ortsnamen Dollern''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1105 (Fälschung Mitte 12. Jh.) ''Dolnere'' (...) 1209 ''Johannes de dolnere'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dollern'') (2034) ** [[Horneburg]], sedes administrationis (6026) ** [[Nottensdorf]] (1431) * [[Lühe (commune generale)|Lühe]] commune generale (9844) ** [[Grünendeich]] (1871) ** [[Guderhandviertel]] (1111) ** [[Hollern-Twielenfleth]] (3360) ** [[Mittelnkirchen]] (1076) ** [[Neuenkirchen]] (838) ** [[Steinkirchen]], sedes administrationis (1588) * [[Nordkehdingen (commune generale)|Nordkehdingen]] commune generale (7375) ** [[Balga]]<ref name="Udolph 1994">Udolph, J. (1994). ''Namenkundliche Studien zum Germanenproblem'' (Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Ergänzungsbände 9). Walter de Gruyter.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Balje'') (1017) ** [[Friburgum (Albis)|Friburgum]]<ref name="Friburgum">Theodiscum toponymum ''Freiburg'' Latino toponymo "Friburgum" verti solet. Cf. [[Friburgum Brisgoviae]] aut [[Friburgum Nuithonum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Freiburg/Elbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fryborg'' seu ''Freiborg'') oppidum (1872) ** [[Krummendeich]] (490) ** [[Oederquart]] (1040) ** [[Wischhafen]] (2956) * [[Oldendorf-Himmelpforten (commune generale)|Oldendorf-Himmelpforten]] commune generale (17.963) ** [[Borchwega]]<ref name="Rüther 1905">Rüther, H. (Ed.) (1905). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Neuenwalde''. Halle’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Burweg'') (1007) ** [[Dudanebutli]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1841">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1841). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch (Band 1)''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Düdenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düünbeudel'') (990) ** [[Engelschofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Engelschoff''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engelschopp'') (763) ** [[Esdorpe]]<ref name="Lisch & Wigger">Lisch, G. C. F., & Wigger, F. (Ed.). (1878). ''Mecklenburgisches Urkundenbuch''.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')] (1428) ** [[Großenwörden]] (454) ** [[Hammah]] (3066) ** [[Heinbockel]] (1420) ** [[Himmelpforten]], sedes administrationis (5127) ** [[Kranenburg]] (726) ** [[Oldendorf]] (2982) == Notae == <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Stade|Circulum Stadae}} * [http://www.landkreis-stade.de/ Pagina officialis] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Stadae circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] 0qzmsz54xph4yr22yp4f7gnkbz2vptj 3981879 3981874 2026-08-17T22:27:24Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981879 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} '''Circulus Stadae'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Stadae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Stade'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Stadae]]", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Stade''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Stade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Stood''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et finibus mutatis ad diem hodiernum exstat. == De rebus gestis == Ager circuli ab anno [[1719]] ad [[Electoratus Brunsvici-Luneburgi|Electoratum Brunsvici-Luneburgi]] pertinuit, post [[Bella Coalitionum|Bella Napoleonica]] ad novum [[Regnum Hannoveranum]]. Ab anno [[1866]] pars [[Borussia]]e fuit. Anno [[1932]] fines circuli auctae sunt. Ab anno [[1946]] circulus ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet et anno [[1972]] fines hodiernas accipit. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communi generalia coniuncta sunt: * [[Buxtehuda]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1842">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1842). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Buxtehude''; [[Saxonice]] ''Buxthu''), urbs Hanseatica et commune sui iuris (40.173 incolae) * [[Drochtersa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Drochtersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Drochters'') (11.292) * [[Jork]] (12.050) * [[Stadae]] caput circuli et urbs Hanseatica (46.378) * [[Abensium (commune generale)|Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et pagis ditionis Rotenburgensis (Caput de parochia Ahusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiqua parochia Alfhusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis et Comitatus Lingensis (Caput de parochia Anderveniae)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiquo archidiaconatu Anchemii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis, decimis et pagis ditionis Stadiensis (Caput de parochia Abensii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> commune generale (8958) ** [[Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Apensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Obbens''), sedes administrationis (3945) ** [[Beckdorfium]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010">Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (2010). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'' (K. Casemir, F. Menzel, & U. Ohainski, Eds.). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Beckdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beekdörp'') (2660) ** [[Sauensiek]] (2353) * [[Fredenbiki (commune generale)|Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-beck'' seu ''-beek'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-biki-orum", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Aesebiki]], [[Asbiki]], [[Beverbiki]], [[Gledabiki]], [[Goltbiki]], [[Sannanabiki]], [[Trobiki]], [[Walbeka|Walbiki]], [[Winesbiki]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek'') commune generale (12.704) ** [[Deinste]]<ref name="Vanni & Rossi 2012">Vanni, D., & Rossi, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Index Nominum Geographicorum Locorumque Mundi Latine Redditus''. Societas Latina.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Deinste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deinst)'') (1999) ** [[Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek''), sedes administrationis (6072) ** [[Kutenholz]] (4633) * [[Harsefeld (commune generale)|Harsefeld]] commune generale (20.929) ** [[Alorstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1758">Pratje, J. H. (1758). ''Historische Nachrichten von dem ehemaligen berühmten Closter Harsefeld: Monumenta ac documenta saeculi XII ubi de decimis Alorstedii agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Ahlerstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohlers'') (5273) ** [[Bargstedum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764">Mushard, M. (1764). ''Palaeogentilismus Bremensis: Monumenta ac veterum tumuli in ducatibus Bremensi et Verdensi''. Typis Andreae Vandenhoeck.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bargstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargst'' seu ''Bars'') (1987) ** [[Brestum (Saxonia Inferior)|Brestum]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brest'') (795) ** [[Harsefeld]], sedes administrationis (12.874) * [[Horneburg (commune generale)|Horneburg]] commune generale (12.388) ** [[Arx Agathae]]<ref name="Kochen 1724">Kochen, J. H. (1724). ''Introductio in Historiam Ducatus Bremensis y Verdensis: Accesserunt diplomata varia et descriptio Arcis Agathae et ditionis Stadiensis''. Stadae: Typis Caspari Holmii.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Agathenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gothenborg'') (1180) ** [[Bliederstorpum]]<ref name="Trüper 2017">Trüper, H. G. (2017). ''Urkundenbuch der Herren von Zesterfleth: 1232–1657''. Wallstein Verlag.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bliedersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bliersdörp'') (1717) ** [[Dolnere]]<ref name="Dolnere">Vide [https://adw-goe.de/fileadmin/forschungsprojekte/ortsnamen_rhein_elbe/dokumente/Publikationen_Udolph_PDF/2001-2005/315._Udolph_Anmerkungen_zum_Ortsnamen_Dollern.pdf ''Anmerkugen zum Ortsnamen Dollern''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1105 (Fälschung Mitte 12. Jh.) ''Dolnere'' (...) 1209 ''Johannes de dolnere'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dollern'') (2034) ** [[Horneburg]], sedes administrationis (6026) ** [[Nottensdorf]] (1431) * [[Lühe (commune generale)|Lühe]] commune generale (9844) ** [[Grünendeich]] (1871) ** [[Guderhandviertel]] (1111) ** [[Hollern-Twielenfleth]] (3360) ** [[Mittelnkirchen]] (1076) ** [[Neuenkirchen]] (838) ** [[Steinkirchen]], sedes administrationis (1588) * [[Kadingia Septentrionalis (commune generale)|Kadingia Septentrionalis]]<ref name="Kadingia">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1868hist%29.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) ad eundem Gerlagum pertinentium, seu ultra Albiam seu in Kadingia sitorum (...)".</ref><ref name="Septentrionalis">Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum aut vocabulum ''Nord(-)'' vertit.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Nordkehdingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Noordkeden'') commune generale (7375) ** [[Balga]]<ref name="Udolph 1994">Udolph, J. (1994). ''Namenkundliche Studien zum Germanenproblem'' (Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Ergänzungsbände 9). Walter de Gruyter.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Balje'') (1017) ** [[Friburgum (Albis)|Friburgum]]<ref name="Friburgum">Theodiscum toponymum ''Freiburg'' Latino toponymo "Friburgum" verti solet. Cf. [[Friburgum Brisgoviae]] aut [[Friburgum Nuithonum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Freiburg/Elbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fryborg'' seu ''Freiborg'') oppidum (1872) ** [[Krummendeich]] (490) ** [[Oederquart]] (1040) ** [[Wischhafen]] (2956) * [[Oldendorf-Himmelpforten (commune generale)|Oldendorf-Himmelpforten]] commune generale (17.963) ** [[Borchwega]]<ref name="Rüther 1905">Rüther, H. (Ed.) (1905). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Neuenwalde''. Halle’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Burweg'') (1007) ** [[Dudanebutli]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1841">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1841). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch (Band 1)''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Düdenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düünbeudel'') (990) ** [[Engelschofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Engelschoff''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engelschopp'') (763) ** [[Esdorpe]]<ref name="Lisch & Wigger">Lisch, G. C. F., & Wigger, F. (Ed.). (1878). ''Mecklenburgisches Urkundenbuch''.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')] (1428) ** [[Großenwörden]] (454) ** [[Hammah]] (3066) ** [[Heinbockel]] (1420) ** [[Himmelpforten]], sedes administrationis (5127) ** [[Kranenburg]] (726) ** [[Oldendorf]] (2982) == Notae == <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Stade|Circulum Stadae}} * [http://www.landkreis-stade.de/ Pagina officialis] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Stadae circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] 0txazw7mh79atvdlwkt2ymqoayitc6s 3981880 3981879 2026-08-17T22:28:21Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 3981880 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa subdivisionis Vicidata}} '''Circulus Stadae'''<ref>Fingitur nomen "Circulus Stadae" -Theodisce ''Landkreis Stade'' nuncupatum- sic: Latinum substantivum "circulus" Theodiscum substantivum ''Landreis'' (secundum ''Lexicon Latinum Hodiernum'', auctore Petro Lucusaltiano Latinophilo) vertit et de Latino toponymo "[[Stadae]]", vide {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Landkreis Stade''; [[lingua Frisica|Sagterlandice]] ''Loundkring Stade''; [[Saxonice]] ''Landkreis Stood''), pars [[Saxonia Inferior|Saxoniae Inferioris]], anno [[1885]] conditus est et finibus mutatis ad diem hodiernum exstat. == De rebus gestis == Ager circuli ab anno [[1719]] ad [[Electoratus Brunsvici-Luneburgi|Electoratum Brunsvici-Luneburgi]] pertinuit, post [[Bella Coalitionum|Bella Napoleonica]] ad novum [[Regnum Hannoveranum]]. Ab anno [[1866]] pars [[Borussia]]e fuit. Anno [[1932]] fines circuli auctae sunt. Ab anno [[1946]] circulus ad Saxoniam Inferiorem pertinet et anno [[1972]] fines hodiernas accipit. == Communia circuli == Haec sunt communia huius circuli, quae partim ad communi generalia coniuncta sunt: * [[Buxtehuda]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1842">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1842). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch: Band 1''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Buxtehude''; [[Saxonice]] ''Buxthu''), urbs Hanseatica et commune sui iuris (40.173 incolae) * [[Drochtersa]]<ref name="-a">Germanica toponyma cum terminatione ''-en'' plerumque latinizari solent addita terminatione latinizata "-a-ae", quamquam huius terminationis variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Stolpa]], [[Dresda]] apud articulum Vicipaedia de [https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_urbium_et_communium_Saxoniae indice urbium et communium Saxoniae]; et Ala, [[Amma]], [[Brema]], [[Salancema]], Wisa, [[Groninga]], [[Toringa]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Drochtersen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Drochters'') (11.292) * [[Jork]] (12.050) * [[Stadae]] caput circuli et urbs Hanseatica (46.378) * [[Abensium (commune generale)|Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705">Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et pagis ditionis Rotenburgensis (Caput de parochia Ahusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiqua parochia Alfhusii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis et Comitatus Lingensis (Caput de parochia Anderveniae)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Brunsvicensis et Lunaeburgensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis et parochiis ditionis Osnabrugensis (Caput de antiquo archidiaconatu Anchemii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis; et: Schlegel, J. C. (1705). ''Chronicon Ducatus Bremensis et Verdensis: De ecclesiis, archidiaconatuis, decimis et pagis ditionis Stadiensis (Caput de parochia Abensii)''. Cellis: Typis Holmerianis.</ref> commune generale (8958) ** [[Abensium]]<ref name="Schlegel 1705"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Apensen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Obbens''), sedes administrationis (3945) ** [[Beckdorfium]]<ref name="AdWzG 2010">Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen (2010). ''Die Ortsnamen des Landkreises Wolfenbüttel und der Stadt Salzgitter'' (K. Casemir, F. Menzel, & U. Ohainski, Eds.). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Beckdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Beekdörp'') (2660) ** [[Sauensiek]] (2353) * [[Fredenbiki (commune generale)|Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-beck'' seu ''-beek'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-biki-orum", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Aesebiki]], [[Asbiki]], [[Beverbiki]], [[Gledabiki]], [[Goltbiki]], [[Sannanabiki]], [[Trobiki]], [[Walbeka|Walbiki]], [[Winesbiki]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek'') commune generale (12.704) ** [[Deinste]]<ref name="Vanni & Rossi 2012">Vanni, D., & Rossi, M. (Ed.) (2012). ''Index Nominum Geographicorum Locorumque Mundi Latine Redditus''. Societas Latina.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Deinste''; [[Saxonice]] ''Deinst)'') (1999) ** [[Fredenbiki]]<ref name="-biki"/> ([[Theodisce]] ''Fredenbeck''; [[Saxonice]] ''Freenbeek''), sedes administrationis (6072) ** [[Kutenholz]] (4633) * [[Harsefeld (commune generale)|Harsefeld]] commune generale (20.929) ** [[Alorstedium]]<ref name="Pratje 1758">Pratje, J. H. (1758). ''Historische Nachrichten von dem ehemaligen berühmten Closter Harsefeld: Monumenta ac documenta saeculi XII ubi de decimis Alorstedii agitur''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Ahlerstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Ohlers'') (5273) ** [[Bargstedum]]<ref name="Mushard 1764">Mushard, M. (1764). ''Palaeogentilismus Bremensis: Monumenta ac veterum tumuli in ducatibus Bremensi et Verdensi''. Typis Andreae Vandenhoeck.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bargstedt''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bargst'' seu ''Bars'') (1987) ** [[Brestum (Saxonia Inferior)|Brestum]]<ref name="Pratje 1759">Pratje, J. H. (1759). ''Historische Nachrichten von den ehemaligen vicedominis in ditione Bremensi:...''. Stadae: Typis H. C. Götheli.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Brest'') (795) ** [[Harsefeld]], sedes administrationis (12.874) * [[Horneburg (commune generale)|Horneburg]] commune generale (12.388) ** [[Arx Agathae]]<ref name="Kochen 1724">Kochen, J. H. (1724). ''Introductio in Historiam Ducatus Bremensis y Verdensis: Accesserunt diplomata varia et descriptio Arcis Agathae et ditionis Stadiensis''. Stadae: Typis Caspari Holmii.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Agathenburg''; [[Saxonice]] ''Gothenborg'') (1180) ** [[Bliederstorpum]]<ref name="Trüper 2017">Trüper, H. G. (2017). ''Urkundenbuch der Herren von Zesterfleth: 1232–1657''. Wallstein Verlag.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Bliedersdorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Bliersdörp'') (1717) ** [[Dolnere]]<ref name="Dolnere">Vide [https://adw-goe.de/fileadmin/forschungsprojekte/ortsnamen_rhein_elbe/dokumente/Publikationen_Udolph_PDF/2001-2005/315._Udolph_Anmerkungen_zum_Ortsnamen_Dollern.pdf ''Anmerkugen zum Ortsnamen Dollern''], ubi dicitur "(...) 1105 (Fälschung Mitte 12. Jh.) ''Dolnere'' (...) 1209 ''Johannes de dolnere'' (...)".</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Dollern'') (2034) ** [[Horneburg]], sedes administrationis (6026) ** [[Nottensdorf]] (1431) * [[Kadingia Septentrionalis (commune generale)|Kadingia Septentrionalis]]<ref name="Kadingia">Vide [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Zeitschrift_des_Historischen_Vereins_f%C3%BCr_Niedersachsen_%28IA_zeitschriftdeshi1868hist%29.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com ''Zeitschrift des Historischen Vereins für Niedersachsen''], ubi dicitur "(...) ad eundem Gerlagum pertinentium, seu ultra Albiam seu in Kadingia sitorum (...)".</ref><ref name="Septentrionalis">Latinum adiectivum [https://www.navigium.de/latein-woerterbuch/septentrionalis?wb=gross&nr=3 "septentrionalis-e"] Theodiscum praefixum aut vocabulum ''Nord(-)'' vertit.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Nordkehdingen''; [[Saxonice]] ''Noordkeden'') commune generale (7375) ** [[Balga]]<ref name="Udolph 1994">Udolph, J. (1994). ''Namenkundliche Studien zum Germanenproblem'' (Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Ergänzungsbände 9). Walter de Gruyter.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Balje'') (1017) ** [[Friburgum (Albis)|Friburgum]]<ref name="Friburgum">Theodiscum toponymum ''Freiburg'' Latino toponymo "Friburgum" verti solet. Cf. [[Friburgum Brisgoviae]] aut [[Friburgum Nuithonum]] apud {{Graesse}}.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Freiburg/Elbe''; [[Saxonice]] ''Fryborg'' seu ''Freiborg'') oppidum (1872) ** [[Krummendeich]] (490) ** [[Oederquart]] (1040) ** [[Wischhafen]] (2956) * [[Lühe (commune generale)|Lühe]] commune generale (9844) ** [[Grünendeich]] (1871) ** [[Guderhandviertel]] (1111) ** [[Hollern-Twielenfleth]] (3360) ** [[Mittelnkirchen]] (1076) ** [[Neuenkirchen]] (838) ** [[Steinkirchen]], sedes administrationis (1588) * [[Oldendorf-Himmelpforten (commune generale)|Oldendorf-Himmelpforten]] commune generale (17.963) ** [[Borchwega]]<ref name="Rüther 1905">Rüther, H. (Ed.) (1905). ''Urkundenbuch des Klosters Neuenwalde''. Halle’sche Buchhandlung.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] et [[Saxonice]] ''Burweg'') (1007) ** [[Dudanebutli]]<ref name="Lappenberg 1841">Lappenberg, J. M. (Ed.) (1841). ''Hamburgisches Urkundenbuch (Band 1)''. Perthes-Besser & Mauke.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Düdenbüttel''; [[Saxonice]] ''Düünbeudel'') (990) ** [[Engelschofa]]<ref name="-hofa">Germanica toponyma cum suffixis ''-hof(f)(e)(n)'' plerumque latinizari solent addito suffixo latinizato "-hofa-ae", quamquam huius suffixi variantes inveniri possunt. Exempli gratiā: [[Hattenhofa (Bavaria)|Hattenhofa Bavarica]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad fluvium Glon]], [[Pfaffenhofa ad Rotam]], [[Poohofa]], [[Gundershofa]], [[Hattenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Hattenhofa Badeniae-Virtembergiae]], [[Pfaffenhofa (Badenia-Virtembergia)|Pfaffenhofa]], [[Matichofa]], [[Philshofa]] apud [[Google|Gugulam]].</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Engelschoff''; [[Saxonice]] ''Engelschopp'') (763) ** [[Esdorpe]]<ref name="Lisch & Wigger">Lisch, G. C. F., & Wigger, F. (Ed.). (1878). ''Mecklenburgisches Urkundenbuch''.</ref> ([[Theodisce]] ''Estorf''; [[Saxonice]] ''Esdörp'')] (1428) ** [[Großenwörden]] (454) ** [[Hammah]] (3066) ** [[Heinbockel]] (1420) ** [[Himmelpforten]], sedes administrationis (5127) ** [[Kranenburg]] (726) ** [[Oldendorf]] (2982) == Notae == <references /> {{NexInt}} * [[Index circulorum et liberarum urbium Saxoniae Inferioris]] == Nexus externi == {{commonscat|Landkreis Stade|Circulum Stadae}} * [http://www.landkreis-stade.de/ Pagina officialis] {{Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Stadae circulus}} [[Categoria:Circuli terrae Saxoniae Inferioris]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1885]] jsve7iw2j4ruzqgs5zlc7qwumorkwjr Chemia theoretica 0 272426 3981974 3952223 2026-08-18T04:39:05Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981974 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Latinitas|-3}} {{Vicificanda}} {{res|Chemia theoretica}} est [[disciplina academica|disciplina]] [[chemica]] quae res chemicas cum auxilio rationum [[mathematica|mathematicae]] [[physica theoretica|physicaeque theoreticae]] tractat atque explicat. Chemia theoretica est omnis divisa in partes tres, quae sunt [[chemia mathematica]], [[chemia quantica]], [[chemia computatoria]]. == Historia == Primus [[chemicus]] theoreticus<ref name="Visintainer1998">John Visintainer (1998), "A Potential Infinity of Triangle Types On the Chemistry of Plato's Timaeus," ''HYLE--International Journal for Philosophy of Chemistry'' 4 (2): 117–28. [http://hyle.org/journal/issues/4/visint3.htm Situs interretialis.]</ref> fuit [[Plato]], qui in suo [[Timaeus|''Timaeo'']] quattuor ex quinque corporibus integris ([[Corpus Platonicum|corporibus Platonicis]]) ad quattuor [[elementa]] comparavit, quae [[ignis]], [[aër]], [[aqua]], et [[Tellus (terra)|terra]] plerumque appellantur. Postea, [[Titus Lucretius Carus|Lucretius]] in suo [[De rerum natura (Lucretius)|''De rerum natura'']] [[notio (philosophia)|notionem]] hamorum [[atomus|atomos]] ligantium proposuit, et per hoc ligamina chemica invenit.<ref name="Tchougreeff2016">A. L. Tchougréeff, "Several Stories from Theoretical Chemistry with some Russian Flavor and Implications for Theorems of Chemistry, Vagueness of Its Concepts, Fuzziness of Its Definitions, Iconicity of Its Language, and Peculiarities of Its Nomenclature," ''Intrenational Journal of Quantitative Chemistry'' 116 (2016) 3: 137–60, [http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qua.25050 DOI].</ref> Postea [[Michael Lomonosov]] multas [[scriptura]]s [[Latine|Latinas]] de materiis chemiae theoreticae composuit<ref name="LomonosovDE GENERATIONE ET NATURA NITRI">M. V. Lomonosov ''Dissertatio de Generatione et Natura Nitri,'' [http://feb-web.ru/feb/lomonos/texts/lo0/lo2/lo2-219-.htm textus interretialis.]</ref><ref name="LomonosovMEDITATIONES DE CALORIS ET FRIGORIS CAUSA">M. V. Lomonosov, ''Meditationes de Caloris et Frigoris Causa,'' [http://feb-web.ru/feb/lomonos/texts/lo0/lo2/lo2-007-.htm textus interretialis].</ref><ref name="LomonosoDE TINCTURIS METALLORUM">M.V. Lomonosov DE TINCTURIS METALLORUM [http://feb-web.ru/feb/lomonos/texts/lo0/lo1/lo1-389-.htm].</ref> et praecipue ''Elementa Chimiae Mathematicae''<ref name="LomonosovELEMENTA CHIMIAE MATHEMATICAE">M. V. Lomonosov ELEMENTA CHIMIAE MATHEMATICAE [http://feb-web.ru/feb/lomonos/texts/lo0/lo1/lo1-065-.htm]</ref>, in quibus chemiam ut scientiam axiomaticam constituendam esse demonstravit. Hoc fecit antequam viri clarissimi [[Immanuel_Kantius|Immanuel Kant]] et [[Augustus_Comte|Augustus Comte]] chemiam cum [[mathematica]] insociabilem esse falso proclamaverunt<ref name="Schummer2012">Joachim Schummer, "Why Mathematical Chemistry Cannot Copy Mathematical Physics and How to Avoid the Imminent Epistemological Pitfalls," ''HYLE: International Journal for Philosophy of Chemistry'' 18, No.1 (2012): 71–89. [http://hyle.org/journal/issues/18-1/schummer.htm#n3]</ref> eamque ex orbe scientiarum verarum excludere conati sunt. [[Fasciculus:Nanoputian 2.png|thumb|Formulae structurales duarum molecularum quae {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|NanoPutian||en|qid=Q2557383}} vocantur.]] Interea notio hamorum atomos colligantium saecula vicerat et forma doctrinae Franklandi de valentia saeculo XIX revixit. [[Eduardus Frankland]] declaravit [[carbo]]nem quattuor, [[oxygenium]] duas, [[hydrogenium]] unam unitates valentiae habere ad ligamina constituenda. Ille nomen "unitas valentiae" introduxit, quoniam saeculo XIX nemo hamos esse credebat. [[Alexander Butlerov]], {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Augustus Kekulé||en|qid=Q76784}}, aliique relationem firmam constituerunt inter formulas structurales [[chemia organica|chemiae organicae]], id est compositiones signorum atomicorum 'C', 'H', etc., cum striis valentiae figuram "hamorum" iunctorum repraesentantibus, et veras moleculas in vitro observatas. Sic lingua pictoria/graphica chemiae organicae (lingua formularum structuralium) orta est, quae usque ad hodiernum diem adhibetur. [[Fasciculus:SylvesterInvariants.jpg|alt=Imago formularum structuralium a Sylvestero usarum ad relationem cum invariantibus constituendam.|thumb|upright=1.2|Imago formularum structuralium a Sylvestero usarum ad relationem cum invariantibus constituendam.]] [[Iacobus Ioseph Sylvester]] conspexit radios vel vectores pro hamis substitui posse, unde constructio functionum invariantarum ex ipsorum componentibus fieri posset.<ref>J.J. Sylvester, <small>ON AN APPLICATION OF THE NEW ATOMIC THEORY TO THE GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE INVARIANTS AND COVARIANTS OF BINARY QUANTICS,- WITH THREE APPENDICES.</small> Am. J. Math. 1878, 1, 64.</ref> Hac via novam connectionem inter chemiam et mathematicam introduxit, contra iudicium Kantii et Comtei. {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Arthurus Cayley||en|qid=Q159430}}, similitudine inter invariantas et moleculas (secundum regulas valentiae atomis ligaminibus coniunctas) usus, numerum isomerorum hydrocarboniorum (formularum structuralium molecularum ex atomis carboni hydrogeniique compositarum) [[:en:Cayley's_formula|computavit]].<ref>A. Cayley, Ueber die analytischen Figuren, welche in der Mathematik Bäume genannt werden und ihre Anwendung auf die Theorie chemischer Verbindungen. Ber. deutsch. chem. Ges., 1875, 8, 1056.</ref> Ad haec [[Paulus Gordan]] et [[Vissaron Gregorii filius Alexejeff]] ample contribuerunt, demonstrantes non solum invariantas ex formulis structuralibus molecularum derivari posse, sed etiam e contrario: ex quavis functione invarianta formula structuralis alicuius moleculae gigni potest, ita ut quaeque stria valentiae designans ligamen ordinarium inter atomos <math>a</math> et <math>b</math> functioni formae: <math>(a_{x} b_{y} - b_{x} a_{y})</math> ([[Algebra_linearis|determinanti]] cuidam) respondeat, ubi <math>a_\gamma, b_\gamma</math> sunt componentes vectorum bidimensionalium <math>\vec{a}, \vec{b}</math>.<ref>P. Gordan, V. G. Alexejeff, Übereinstimmung der Formeln der Chemie und der Invariantentheorie, Z. phys. Chem. 1900, 35, 610.</ref> <ref>V. G. Alexejeff, Über die Bedeutung der symbolischen Invariantentheorie für die Chemie, ibid. 1901, 36, 740.</ref> <ref>В. Г. Алексѣевъ, Основы символической теорiи инварiантовъ (для химиковъ), 1901, Юрьевъ, Типографiя К. Маттисена [Russice] </ref> <ref>В. Г. Алексѣевъ, О совпадении методовъ формальной химiи и символической теорiи инварiантовъ. Журн. рус. ф.-хим. Общества. Т. 33. 1901, No 1, 314 [Russice].</ref> Sic hami vectoribus substituti sunt, et notatio moderna pro [[vertigo quantica|vertiginibus quanticis]] electronum (vide infra) ex hac substitutione orta est. Gordan et Alexejeff ad intellegendum structuram theoreticam/mathematicam linguae chemicae multum contulerunt. Mirabile dictu, tota structura functionum turbinium ab iis constituta est ante inventionem ipsius turbinis electronici. Interim sensus physicus virium inter atomos seu intra moleculas agentium nondum intellectus erat. Notandum est alteram abundantiam phenomenorum ad chemiam (theoreticam) pertinentium omissam esse: de electricitate hic agitur. Actiones chemicae virium electricarum et vicissim productio/origo electricitatis in processu chemico iam ab initio saeculi XIX notae erant ex operibus Davy et Faraday, et antea etiam a [[Aloisius Galvanus|Galvano]], [[Alexander Volta|Volta]] demonstratae fuerant. Solo initio saeculi XX, quando structura atomorum, positivo nucleo ac negativis electronibus eum circumvenientibus compositorum, laboribus [[Ernestus Rutherford|Rutherfordi]] et [[Nicolaus Bohr|Bohri]] constituta est, gravitas contradictionis inter picturam interactionum chemicarum hamis repraesentatarum et interactiones electricas manifesta facta est. Notandum est quod Berthollet vim gravitationis causam formationis vel stabilitatis aggregatorum atomorum (id est molecularum) esse putabat. Vis electrica a gravitatione sic differt quod corpora non solum massam habent sed ad duo genera pertinent: alia onera positiva, alia negativa ferentia. Hae observationes primo aspectu constructioni chemiae organicae contradicere videbantur, quia haec constructio electricitatem prorsus neglegebat. Chemia theoretica saeculo XIX exorta physicae theorieticae sui temporis contradicebat, quae super [[aequatio differentialis|aequationibus differentialibus]] et [[Continuitas (mathematica)|functionibus continuis]] fundata erat, sicut viribus inter corpora trans distantias agentibus quae hodie nomine "[[Campus physicus|campus]]" nuncupantur. Manifestum est numerum corporum viribus trans distantias agentibus in unum systema iunctorum arbitrarium esse posse. Exempli gratia, [[systema solare]] non solum septem vel novem planetas continet, sed etiam innumerabiles asteroides et cometas. [[Iuppiter (planeta)|Iuppiter]] plus quam centum, [[Mars (planeta)|Mars]] duas, Tellus unam [[satelles naturalis|satellitem naturalem]] habent, sed nihil impedit quominus Iuppiter vel Tellus plures paucioresve satellites habeat (et Tellus hodie milia satellitum artificialium habet). Non ita in chemia, ubi atomus cuiusque generis solum certum numerum aliarum atomorum, regulis valentiae definitum, apud se tenere potest. Haec contradictio gravissima in ipso viscere scientiarum naturalium inerat. In physica ipsa, atomus, positivo nucleo ac negativis electronibus composita, [[vis|viribus]] electricis (electrostaticis) inter se attrahentibus solo vi legum mechanicae quanticae persistere potest. Nam secundum leges physicae classicae quodque electron nucleum circumveniens cum acceleratione centripetali movetur et consequenter suam energiam radiationem electromagneticam emittendo perdit, ita ut ad nucleum imminens cadat; ergo quaelibet atomus instabilis esset. Leges mechanicae quanticae ad problema structurae atomi adhibitae atomos stabiles esse demonstrant, quoniam in physica quantica nulla particula totam suam energiam perdere potest et in statu stabili manet, ambas energias kineticam ac potentialem non nullas retinens. Solum mechanica aut physica quantica hanc contradictionem solvere potuit. Formaliter status stabiles electronorum [[Orbitalis atomica|orbitalibus atomicis]] describuntur, quae tribus numeris quanticis <math display="inline">n, \ell, m </math> univoce definiuntur, ubi numeri <math display="inline">\ell, m </math> dependentiam angularem orbitalium functionibus sphaericis describunt, numerus autem <math display="inline">n </math> dependentiam orbitalis a distantia ab nucleo describit, specialiter numerum zerorum functionis numeris <math display="inline">n, \ell, m </math> datae <math display="inline">n - \ell - 1 </math> indicans. [[Chemia]] autem ipsa agit de interactionibus [[Atomus|atomarum]] quae [[Molecula|moleculas]] componunt. Gordan et Alexejeff in substantia functionem undariam electronum moleculis invenerunt/proposuerunt sine/haud multum de electronibus cogitando. Notandum est, quod AD 1901, ubi dissertancula Gordanis et Alexejevis divulgata erat de electronibus perpaulum notum erat et ipsa mechanica et [[Mechanica quantica|theoria quantica]] non jam creatae/inventae erant. Nihilominus, paulo post AD 1925 (mechanica quantica creata et spirulitate/[[vertigo quantica|vertigine]]<ref>Proponimus termino "[[:ru:Спиральность_частицы|spirulitas]]" vel etiam "spira" pro "spin" uti. Rationes sunt: (i) "spira/spirulitas" sunt verba omnipraesenti et omniintelligibili "spin" similia; Latina lingua facilis non est et scripturas in ea factas minus claras facere non opprtet. (ii) "[[Disputatio:Physica particularum elementarium|Turbinitas/versatilitas/volubilitas]]" sumunt aliquem motum rotatilem alicujus corporis. [[Particula elementaris|Particulae elementariae]] punctuales/punctiformes sunt, ergo nulla rotatio rotatio circum eas ipsas possibilis est. Terminus "spira/spirulitas" subnotat quod particulae quanticae punctiformes quamdam asymmetriam mirabile habunt i.e. sunt punctuales spiras laevas aut dextras.</ref> electronis inventa) [[Heitler]] et [[Fritz London|London]] AD 1927 proposuerunt primum quantum protypon simplicissimae moleculae [[Hydrogenium|dihydrogenii]] (<chem>H2</chem>) et mox Weyl et Rumer primam theoriam quanticam - [[Vinculum chemicum|spiralem theoriam valentiae]] - exstructaverunt. Ab hinc chemia theoretica et mechanica quantica vincula fortissima ac artissima statuerunt et illa precipue scientia de mutationibus functionum undariarum electronum<ref>Alter aspectus magni momenti est quod in chemia semper de multitudine permagna ([[Quantitas substantiae|numero Avogadris]]) particularum/corpusculorum agitur. Mores talium quantitatum particularum legibus [[Thermodynamica|thermodynamicae]] atque [[Physica statistica et thermodynamica|physicae statisticae]] describuntur. </ref> fuit. Ita chemia theoretica fuit pars physicae theoreticae, specialiter, theoria systematum multorum electronum in campis electrostaticis non uniformis<ref>A. Caraffa. ''Elementorum physicae mathematiacae,'' Pars I § 8; Pars II. § 238. </ref> et divergentes<ref>A. Caraffa. ''Principia calculi differentialis et integralis,'' §§ 60 et seq.</ref>. == Expositio == Transimus ad substantiam chemiae theoreticae. [[Chemia]] ipsa est scientia de substationibus earumque mutationibus ac phaenomenis quae illas mutationes comitentur. Partes minimae substantiarum, quae ejus mores chemicos conservant, sunt [[Molecula|moleculae]]<ref>Greges atomorum quae ut ''moleculae'' tractantur i.e. ut corpuscula definitum chemicum morum possidentia solum in intervallo angusto [[Temperatura thermodynamica|temperaturarum]] exsistere possunt. Nempe in [[Sol|solis]] superficiei ubi temperatura ca. 6000 K est nulla molecula exsistere potest. Apud hanc temperaturam materia in forma (statu) atomorum separatorum vel iontum et electronum fere liberorum ([[Plasma|plasmatis]]) exsistere potest. Energia autem, quae illi temperaturae respondet haul valde magna est, videlicet fere 1/25 energiae [[Ion|ionizationis]] atomi hydrogenii. </ref> . Enim ''transformationes'' physicas in quibus moleculae haud mutantur e.g. evaporatio [[:en:Dry_ice|glaciei secae]] (solidi <chem>CO2</chem>)<chem display="block">CO2(sol) -> CO2(gas)</chem>ab ''mutationibus'' chemicis aliter [[Reactio chemica|reactionibus chemicis]]: <chem display="block" id="Exemplum reactionis chemicae">C2H5OH + 3 O2 -> 2 CO2 + 3 H2O</chem>discernendae sunt. Chemia theoretica praecipue mutationies chemicas (molecularum) theoretice considerat<ref>Verbo "transformatio" utimur pro mutationibus "formae" (e.g. [[Phasis (discretiva)|phasium]] vel statuum physicorum), "mutatio" pro mutationibus molecularum (viz. chemicis - notandum est quod [[mutatio genetica]] atque mutatio chemica [[Acidum desoxyribonucleicum|Acidi desoxyribonucleici (ADN/DNA)]] est) et "transmutatio" pro variationubus/mutationubus [[Elementum chemicum|elementorum chemicorum]] (e.g. [[Plumbum|Plumbi]] in [[Aurum]] quas [[Alchemia|alchemici]] possibiles esse credebant [[Lapis philosophorum|lapide philosophorum]] adjuvante) in [[Physica nuclearis|reactionibus nuclearibus]].</ref>. Notandum est quod moleculae de quibus in chemia theoretica agitur sunt particulae minusculae [[Leges motus quanticae|legibus mechanicae quanticae]] subjunctae/parentes. Iam plus illis legibus componentia minima molecularum electrones parent. [[Fasciculus:DihydrogenisEnergiae.svg|thumb|440x440px|left|Imago energiarum totalis atque atomizationis exemplo moleculae dihydrogenii delineata.]] Moleculae ipsae particulae compositae sunt: viz greges atomarum. Ipsae atomi atque sunt particulae compositae: quaeque [[atomus]] e [[Nucleus atomi|nucleo]] et electronibus eum circumvenientes constat. Consequenter, duo genera energiarum considrandae sunt: una est energia atomizationis i.e. segregationis/separationis moleculae in atomos eam constituentes, altera est energia totalis: nempe ea segregationis moleculae in nucleos nudos et electrones liberos (Figura). Notandum est quod in formulatione '''ab initio''<nowiki/>' [[Chemia quantica|chemiae quanticae]] moleculae ut greges nucleorum et electronum praesentantur. Sub hac hypothesi<ref>A. Caraffa. Principia §22 et seq. </ref> differentias<ref>A. Caraffa Principia §11 et seq. Fem. I. Acc. Plur. </ref> energiarum molecularum quae aequalibus quantitatibus/numeris atomorum formantur (id est corollarium legis conservationis quantitatis materiae in mutationibus chemicis: viz. numeros aequales identicorum atomorum in ambobus membris aequationis chemicae (3)) computatur ut differentia energiarum totalium molecularum quae in respectivis membris aequationis sunt. Id est simile computando pondum pilei cujusdam nautae subtrahendo pondum navis cum nauta ex pondo navis cum nauta pileata. Aliter, supradicta differentia energiarum molecularum ut differentia energiarum atomizations computari potest. Haec computatio est similis determinando pondum pilei subtrahendo pondum nautae ex pondo nautae pileatae. Non est donum deorum, sed quiddam. Subsequentes aestimationes energeticae ad chemiam theoreticam pertinentes Guillelmus Moffit<ref>[[:en:William_Moffitt|Guillelmus E. Moffitt]] erat peritissimus ac eruditissimus chemicus theoreticus britannicus qui juvenus (33 annos natus) mortuus est post ludem qui ab Anglis "[[:en:Squash_(sport)|squash"]] nuncupatur. Ejus magister Carolus Coulson tradit/transmittit Moffittem cum quodam clerico/monacho in nave ex America in Britanniam revertenti cubiculum partentem in eorum lingua communi - Latina - problemata theologiga disputare.</ref> fecit. Is/Ille ostendit energiam atomizationis simplicissimae moleculae dihydrogenii (<chem>H2</chem>) modo 14% ejus energiae totalis esse<ref>Moffitt, W. Atoms in molecules and crystals. ''Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences, The Royal Society,'' '''1951''''', 210'', 245-268 doi: 10.1098/rspa.1951.0244 </ref>. Ad moleculis (ex) pluribus atomis haec ratio/fractio est etiam minor. Haec observatio ad importantes consequentias ducit. Scilicet, theoria molecularum praecipue ut theoria perturbationum<ref>Caraffa Elementorum Pars II § 371.</ref> participantium atomorum exstructa debet. Principaliter hic respectus notum erat jam Hellmanni<ref>Г. Гельман (G. Gel’man; Moscow - 23 Oct 1936). ''Квантовая Химия'' [''Quantum Chemistry'' (in Russian)]. ОНТИ, Москва и Ленинград [ONTI, Moscow and Leningrad] (1937), 546 с. [C. 1937 II, 3284] Vertitum a manuscripto teodosice in russicam a J. Golovin, N. Tunitskij, M. Kovner. Liber I seriei “Physica in Monographiis”, emendatus a S. I. Vavilov, I. Ye. Tamm et E. V. Shpolskii; H. Hellmann (Moscow - Mar 1937). ''Einführung in die Quantenchemie'' [''Introduction to Quantum Chemistry'' (in German)]. Deuticke, Leipzig and Wien (1937), VIII + 350 p. [C. A. 31:77371, CAN 31:55845 / C. 1937 II, 1518]. Book review: J. Syrkin, Acta Physicochim. U.R.S.S. 8 (1938) 138-140 Book review: O. Schmidt, Z. Elektrochem. Angew. Phys. Chem. 44 (1938) 284 (DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19380440415) Book review: Clusius, Angew. Chem. 54 (1941) 156 (DOI: 10.1002/ange.19410541109) Reprint (reproduction vested by Alien Property Custodian): H. Hellmann. Einführung in die Quantenchemie. J. W. Edwards, Ann Arbor, Michigan (1944), VIII + 350 p. [C. A. 38:54585, CAN 38:36665]</ref>. Executio, autem, atque duplex est. Aliter poterit aliquis [[Mechanica quantica|functionum undariam]] pro quadam molecula ut combinatio linearis<ref name="SUARD-BERTHIER-DELRE" /> ([[Leges motus quanticae#Lex superpositionis|superpositio]]) productorum (antisymmetrizatorum) statuum multielectronicorum participantium atomorum exstruere. Hanc methodum Moffitt proponuit<ref>Moffitt, W. Atomic Valence States and Chemical Binding. ''Reports on Progress in Physics, IOP Publishing,'' '''1954''''', 17'', 173-200, doi: 10.1088/0034-4885/17/1/306. </ref>. Aliter possibile est supradictam functionem undariam electronum in moleculis presentare ut [[Usor:Tchougreeff/Determinans Slateri|determinans Slateri]] exstructum ex combitationes lineares orbitlaium atomicorum<ref name="SUARD-BERTHIER-DELRE" />. Haec methodus a [[:en:Clemens_C._J._Roothaan|Roothaane]] proposita talem praestantiam habet quod necessaria elementa matricarum [[Leges motus quanticae#Axiomata mechanicae quanticae|operatori Hamiltoniani]] inter [[Orbitalis atomica|orbitalia atomica]] faciliter inveniuntur. Contrarie methodus illa (Moffittis) defectum habet quod necessaria elementa matrica inter status multielectronicos generaliter ignotae sunt. Praestantia authem methodi Moffittis est limes correctus quem functio undaria electronica gaudet apud atomizationem. Vero, apud infinitam separationem functio undaria est simpliciter productum statuum imorum singularum atomorum. In eodem limiti functio undaria in forma determinantis Slateri correcta non est; id est detrimentum appropinquationis Roothaanis. Nihilominus, methodus linearium combinationum atomicorum orbitalium (LCAO) in fundamento omnium methodum computatralium [[Chemia quantica|chemiae quanticae]] jacet.<ref>Non semper ita est in [[physica status solidi]] ubi saepius functiones electronicas ex undis planaris exstruentur. </ref> Varias approximationes pro functionibus undariis electronum in moleculis praesentamus copiosius in pagina de molecula [[Dihydrogenium|dihydrogenii]] tractanti. == Chemici theoretici clari == Multi philosophi (p), mathematici (m), physici (f), et chemici (c) ad chemiam theoreticam contulerunt. En eorum nomina insigniora: {{div col|3}} * [[Plato]] (p,m) * [[Lucretius]] (p) * [[Michael Lomonosov]] (c) * [[Alexander Butlerov]] (c) * [[Arthurus Cayley]] (m) * [[Iacobus Ioseph Sylvester]] (m) * [[Demetrius Mendeleev]] (c) * [[Vissarion Gregorii filius Alexejeff]] (m,p) * [[Gilbertus N. Lewis]] (c) * [[Fritz London]] (f) * [[Gualterus Heitler]] (f) * [[Hermannus Weyl]] (m,p) * [[Vladimirus Fock]] (f) * [[Ioannes Hellmann]] (f) * [[Yuri Rumer]] (f) * [[Ioannes Lennard-Jones]] (m) * [[Ericus Hückel]] (f) * [[Ioannes Bethe]] (f) * [[Ioannes Hasbrouck Van Vleck]] (f) * [[Christophorus Longuet-Higgins]] (m,c) * [[Linus Pauling]] (c) * [[Robertus Sanderson Mulliken]] (c) * [[P.-O. Löwdin]] (f,m) * [[Ioannes Clarke Slater]] (c,f) * [[Carolus Coulson]] (m,c) * [[Roy McWeeny]] (c) * [[Roaldus Hoffmann]] (c) </div> == Periodica == Saeculo vicesimo multa periodica de chemia theoretica divulgabantur. Inter illa eminet periodicum quod ''[https://link.springer.com/journal/214 Theoretica Chimica Acta]'' nominatur, a viro clarissimo [[Hermann Hartmann|Hermanno Hartmanno]] fundatum. Hoc periodicum tres libellos<ref name="SUARD-BERTHIER-DELRE">[[Usor:Tchougreeff/QUOMODO sive HOW TO/SBDR|{{Cite journal|doi=10.1007/BF01045581|pages=236–244|title=Nova methodus adhibendi approximationem molecularium orbitalium ad plures iuxtapositas unitates|journal=Theoretica Chimica Acta| volume=7| issue=3| year=1967| last1=Suard |first1=Michèle |last2=Berthier|first2=Gaston|last3=Del Re|first3=Giuseppe}}]]</ref><ref name="Whitehead">{{cite journal|doi=10.1007/BF00537361|pages=1–3|issue=1|title=Modus Computandi Eigenvectores et Eigenaestimationes e Matrice Densitatis|journal=Theoretica Chimica Acta|volume=7|year=1967|last1=Lim|first1=T. K.|last2=Whitehead|first2=M. A.}}</ref><ref name="SMITH">[[Usor:Tchougreeff/QUOMODO sive HOW TO/DWS|DEREK W. SMITH De structura electronica et stereochemica ionis Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>6</sub><sup>4-</sup> Theoret. chim. Acta (Berl.) 16, 89-90(1970).]]</ref> lingua Latina impressos continet, e quibus ille<ref name="SUARD-BERTHIER-DELRE" /> a Suard, Berthier et Del Re scriptus multas g<nowiki/>lossas ad chemiam theoreticam pertinentes continet (vide infra) et exemplum optimum scripturae hodiernae Latinae scientificae praebet. Nuper libellus Latinus de [[Orbitalis atomica|orbitalibus atomicis]] tractans in [https://link.springer.com/journal/11504 Diurnario Chemiae Physicae Russo]<ref name="Tchougreeff">{{cite journal|doi=10.31857/S004445372209028X|pages=1330-1340|issue=9|title=Orbitalia atomica Bungeniana ac Kogaensia angulo Frobeniano cum orbitalibus Moscoviae-Aquisgranae-Parisiorum Lutetiae (MAP) dictis investigata|journal=Журнал физической химии|volume=96|year=2022|last1=Tchougreeff|first1=A.L.|last2=Reinhardt|first2=P.}}</ref> divulgatus est. == Conventi == Hodie multi conventus chemicorum theoreticorum habentur. Inter praecipuos numerantur: * [https://chitelparis2017.sciencesconf.org/ CHITEL] - Conventus chemicorum theoreticorum expressionis Latinae, ab [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_Pullman Pullmann] et [http://www.quantum-chemistry-history.com/DelR1.htm Del Re] anno 1969 institutus. Est concursus annuus ad progressum collaborationis et amicitiae inter chemicos theoreticos expressionis Latinae (Romanae) serviens. Primis annis conventus praecipue ab exploratoribus Europaeis frequentabatur. Nuper socii ex America Latina contributiones magni momenti ad hunc conventum annuum attulerunt. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20180215055348/http://www.11euco-tcc.org/ EUCO-TCC] - Conventus bi-annuus constitutus a [http://www.euchems.eu/divisions/computational-chemistry-2/ divisione] chemiae theoreticae et computatoriae [http://www.euchems.org Societatis] Europaeae pro scientiis chemicis et molecularibus. * [http://qcc.ru/fock/htdocs//meeting.en.php Conventus Fockianus] de chemia theoretica et computatoria quantica - Conventus bi-annuus constitutus a [http://www.chemsoc.ru/ Societate Russica Chemica Mendeleeviana]. * [http://watoc.net/ WATOC] - Conventus tri-annuus. * [http://istcp-2019.org/ ISTCP] - Conventus tri-annuus. == Glossarium terminorum chemiae theoreticae<ref>Wikipedia praeclarissima est quod hominibus facultatem dat in linguis vernaculis de omnibus rebus doctrinam obtinendi. Numerus eorum qui Latinam ut linguam patriam loquuntur hodie fere nullus est. Itaque Vicipaedia alteri proposito servit: exempla praebet quomodo quisque scientifice Latine scribere et se exprimere possit. Hic igitur glossas necessarias ad Latine scribendum de chemia theoretica et [[Usor:Tchougreeff|talium scripturarum exempla modesta]] damus.</ref> == Hoc glossarium secundum tres scripturas<ref name="SUARD-BERTHIER-DELRE" /> <ref name="Whitehead"/> <ref name="SMITH" /> chemiae theoreticae devotas compositum est. {| class="wikitable" |- ! La !! [[Lingua Russica|Ru]] !! [[Lingua Theodisca|Ge]] !! [[Lingua Francogallica|Fr]] !! [[Lingua Italiana|It]] !! [[Lingua Anglica|En]] |- | || 106<ref name="languages">numerus millionum in Europa qui linguam ut patriam loquuntur [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Europe]</ref>|| 97<ref name="languages"/> || 81<ref name="languages"/> || 65<ref name="languages"/> || 63<ref name="languages"/> |- |[https://www.online-latin-dictionary.com/latin-dictionary-flexion.php?parola=basis basis] |базис |Basis | | |basis |- |[https://www.online-latin-dictionary.com/latin-english-dictionary.php?lemma=COMPAGO100 compago] | |Fachwerk | | |framework |- |combinatio linearis orbitalium atomicorum |линейная комбинация атомных орбиталей |Lineare Kombination<br />von Atomorbitalien | | |linear combination of atomic orbitals |- |[https://www.online-latin-dictionary.com/latin-dictionary-flexion.php?parola=corculum corculum] |остов |Kern<ref>Verbatim ''Kernchen'', sed non usitate.</ref>, '''Rumpf''' | | |core |- |cortex |(под)оболочка | |couche | |(sub)shell |- |corticula |подоболочка | | | |subshell |- |corticula implenda/completa/clausa |подоболочка ..../заполненная/замкнутая | | | | |- |cus-vector | | | | |ket-vector |- |[[Algebra_linearis|determinans]] |детерминант | | | |determinant |- |diffissio, onis, f |расщепление |Aufspaltung, f | | |splitting |- |[[Electron|electron]] (m, III -is) | электрон || Elektron || || || electron |- |functio undarum/<u>undaria</u> |волновая функция |Wellenfunktion | | |wavefunction |- |indutus (-a,-um)<ref name=":0">de operatoribus, lineis etc in contexto functionum Greenis</ref> |одетый | | | |dressed |- |latitudo undae (Caraffa) |длина волны |Wellenlange | | |wavelength |- |[https://www.online-latin-dictionary.com/latin-dictionary-flexion.php?parola=ligamen ligamen] |связь |Bindung |liaison | |bond |- |nebula electronica |электронное облако | | | |electronic cloud |- |[https://www.online-latin-dictionary.com/latin-dictionary-flexion.php?parola=nucleus nŭclĕus] [[Nucleus atomi]] |ядро |Kern | | |nucleus |- |nudus (-a,-um)<ref name=":0" /> |затравочный | | | |bare |- |[https://www.online-latin-dictionary.com/latin-dictionary-flexion.php?parola=animal orbital] || орбиталь || Orbital || || || orbital |- |par electronicus solitarius |неподелённая электронная пара | | | |lone pair |- |pŏpŭlōsĭtās<ref>not ''pŏpŭlātĭo'' = devastation; from ''pŏpŭlo'' = to devastate, to lay waste; to plunder</ref> |заселённость | | | |population |- |regula octupli |правило октета | | | |octet rule |- |rete |сеть | | | |net (network) |- |rima energetica |щель энергетическая | | | |energy gap |- |spira (electronis/nuclei/particulae) |спин | | | |spin (litt. coil) |- |[https://www.online-latin-dictionary.com/latin-dictionary-flexion.php?parola=superpositio superpositio] |перекрывание |Überlappung | | |overlap |- |susceptibilitas |восприимчивость |Empfindlichkeit | | |susceptibility |- |[https://www.online-latin-dictionary.com/latin-dictionary-flexion.php?lemma=STATUS100 status] infimus vel [https://www.online-latin-dictionary.com/latin-dictionary-flexion.php?lemma=IMUS100 imus] |основное состояние |Grundzustand | | |ground state |- |transenna |решетка (кристаллическая) |Gitter | | |lattice |- |[[valor]] proprius |собственное значение |Eigenwert |valeur propre | |eigenvalue |- |[[Vector (mathematica)|vector]] proprius |собственный вектор |Eigenvektor |vecteur propre | |eigenvector |- |velocitas (Caraffa) |скорость | | | |velocity |- |un-vector | | | | |bra-vector |} == [[Chria|Chriae]], Sententiae, Ioci == * Felix qui potuit rerum cognoscere causas. [[Publius Vergilius Maro|P. Verg. Maro]] [http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/vergil/geo2.shtml Georg. II, 490] * Pars Chemiae theoretica est cognitio mutationum corporis mixti philosophica. [http://lomonosov.niv.ru/lomonosov/nauka/po-fizike-i-himii-1738-1746/science-3.htm]{{Nexus deficit|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * Chemicus theoreticus est qui habet cognitionem philosophicam corporis mixti mutationum. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250805045458/https://lomonosov.niv.ru/lomonosov/nauka/po-fizike-i-himii-1738-1746/science-3.htm] * Quoniam scientiae est habitus asserta demonstrandi, quae igitur in Chemia dicuntur demonstrari debent. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250805045458/https://lomonosov.niv.ru/lomonosov/nauka/po-fizike-i-himii-1738-1746/science-3.htm] * Tanti est in Chemia principiorum cognitio quanti sunt principia ipsa in corporibus. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250805045438/https://lomonosov.niv.ru/lomonosov/nauka/po-fizike-i-himii-1747-1752/science-11.htm] * Chemia quantica pars physicae theoreticae est. (A.A. Ovchinnikov) * Cogitare pretiose, computare vile est. (M. Levitt) * Moles computationum nostrarum est mensura ignorantiae nostrae. * Nemo in theoriam credit praeter eum qui eam fecit. Omnes in experimenta credunt praeter eos qui ea fecerunt. * Vis debilissima lux obscurissima partes physicae sunt. === De initio === * Quod ab initio vitiosum est, tractu temporis convalescere non potest. * Ab initio nullum, semper nullum. * Est enim hominis eruditi tantam in unoquoque genere subtilitatem desiderare quantam rei ipsius natura recipit. (Arist. De Mor. ad Nic. Lib. I) === De Intellegentia artificiali === * Ut ad cursum equus, ad arandum bos, ad indagandum canis, sic homo ad intellegendum et ad agendum natus est. (Cic.) === De temporibus antiquis === ==== Chemicus ordinarius et chemicus theoreticus ==== Quidam chemicus interrogavit: * "Quibus moleculis chemia organica studet?" * Theoreticus respondit: "Organicis." * Ipse interrogavit: "Quibus moleculis chemia inorganica studet?" * Ille ait: "Inorganicis." * Ipse tum interrogavit: "Tunc quibus moleculis studet chemia theoretica?" * ???! ==== Professor Germanus et quinque studiosi eius ==== Fuit olim professor Germanus cui quinque studiosi erant. Quondam attulit caligas suas veteres et ait: "Venum do non pluris quam ceteri, fortasse etiam minoris: viginti quinque marcis! Quis emet?" Studiosi autem acuti erant: quisque quinque marcas attulit et caligas veteres sui professoris communiter emerunt. ==== Simia, candidatus doctoratus et experimentatores ==== Olim experimentatores intellegentiam studebant. Simiam et fustem in cellam posuerunt et malum e tecto suspenderunt. Simia, videns se malum attingere non posse, cito fustem invenit et malum expedivit. Tunc candidatum doctoratum in eandem cellam posuerunt. Is tamen primo saltabat, secundo parietes cellae quatiebat, malum expedire non poterat. In confusione aiunt experimentatores: "Cogita paulisper!" "Cur cogitare?" ait ille, "Laborare necesse est!" == Notae == <references/> ==Bibliographia== *Г. Гельман (G. Gel’man; Moscow - 23 Oct 1936). ''Квантовая Химия'' [''Quantum Chemistry'' (in Russian)]. ОНТИ, Москва и Ленинград [ONTI, Moscow and Leningrad] (1937), 546 с. [C. 1937 II, 3284] Vertitum a manuscripto teodosice in russicam a J. Golovin, N. Tunitskij, M. Kovner. Liber I seriei “Physica in Monographiis”, emendatus a S. I. Vavilov, I. Ye. Tamm et E. V. Shpolskii. *H. Hellmann (Moscow - Mar 1937). ''Einführung in die Quantenchemie'' [''Introduction to Quantum Chemistry'' (in German)]. Deuticke, Leipzig and Wien (1937), VIII + 350 p. [C. A. 31:77371, CAN 31:55845 / C. 1937 II, 1518]. Book review: J. Syrkin, Acta Physicochim. U.R.S.S. 8 (1938) 138-140 Book review: O. Schmidt, Z. Elektrochem. Angew. Phys. Chem. 44 (1938) 284 (DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19380440415) Book review: Clusius, Angew. Chem. 54 (1941) 156 (DOI: 10.1002/ange.19410541109) Reprint (reproduction vested by Alien Property Custodian): H. Hellmann. Einführung in die Quantenchemie. J. W. Edwards, Ann Arbor, Michigan (1944), VIII + 350 p. [C. A. 38:54585, CAN 38:36665] *Cramer, C. J. [[2002]]. ''Essentials of Computational Chemistry.'' Chichester: Wiley. ISBN 0-471-48552-7. *Jensen, F. [[1999]]. ''Introduction to Computational Chemistry.'' Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-98425-2. *Kutzelnigg, W. [[2002]]. ''Einführung in die Theoretische Chemie.'' Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. ISBN 3-527-30609-9. *Szabo, Attila, et Neil S. Ostlund. [[1996]] ''Modern Quantum Chemistry: Introduction to Advanced Electronic Structure Theory.'' Nova editio. Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-69186-1, ISBN 978-0-486-69186-2. *Parr, Robert G., et Weitao Yang. [[1989]]. ''Density-Functional Theory of Atoms and Molecules.'' Oxford Science Publications. ISBN 0-19-504279-4, ISBN 0-19-509276-7. *Mayer, Istvan. [[2003]]. ''Simple Theorems, Proofs, and Derivations in Quantum Chemistry''. Springer. ISBN 978-1-4757-6519-9. == Nexus externi== *[http://feb-web.ru/feb/lomonos/] Opera M.V. Lomonosovi. *[http://www.quantum-chemistry-history.com/index.html] situs interretialis ab Udo Anders sustinetur: "Some details, hopefully entertaining, in and around early quantum chemistry (1927—1980)". *[https://web.archive.org/web/20190123091532/http://www.genealogy-theochem.de/index.php] situs interretialis a Carolo Jug et Dirk Andrae sustinetur: Genealogia chemicorum theoreticorum. [[Categoria:Chemia]] aa3umov4429un7nh6u758o7okl0vuc3 Cinchona pubescens 0 273163 3981989 3823359 2026-08-18T08:09:27Z Ziv 172423 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Cinchona.pubescens01.jpg]] → [[File:Starr 020501-0057 Cinchona pubescens.jpg]] → File replacement: changing the name of a duplicate file ([[c:c:GR]]) 3981989 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | name = Cinchona pubescens | image =Starr 020501-0057 Cinchona pubescens.jpg | image_width = 240px | image_caption = Flores et folia | regnum = [[Plantae]] | divisio = [[Magnoliophyta]] | classis = [[Magnoliopsida]] | ordo = [[Rubiales]] | familia = [[Rubiaceae]] | subfamilia = [[Cinchonoideae]] | tribus = [[Cinchoneae]] | genus = ''[[Cinchona]]'' | species = ''C. pubescens'' | binomial = Cinchona pubescens | binomial_authority = [[Martinus Vahl|Vahl]] | synonyms = }} '''''Cinchona pubescens''''' ([[binomen]] a [[Martinus Vahl|Martino Vahl]] anno [[1790]] statutum) est species arborum in [[Andes|Andibus]] [[America australis|Americae australis]] sponte virens, alibi etiam culta propter corticem unde medicamentum febrifugum [[quinina]] extrahitur. Inter synonymos ''C. succirubra'' citatur. == Bibliographia == ; Fontes antiquiores * ante 1633 : Antonio de la Calancha, ''Coronica moralizada del orden de San Agustín en el Perú'' (Barcinone, 1638) {{Google Books|FXZkAAAAcAAJ|p. 59}} ("árbol de calenturas") * ante 1653 : "Del árbol de calenturas" in [[Barnabas Cobo|Bernabé Cobo]], ''Historia del Nuevo Mundo'' (1890-1893)[https://archive.org/details/historiadelnuevo0002unse/page/100/mode/2up vol. 2 pp. 100-101] * 1737 : [[Iosephus de Jussieu|Joseph de Jussieu]], ''Description de l'arbre à quinquina: mémoire inédit (1737)'' (Lutetiae, 1936) [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k90339p/f6.image Textus] * 1738 : La Condamine, "Sur l'arbre du quinquina" in ''Histoire de l'Académie royale des Sciences'' {{Google Books|yOAEAAAAQAAJ|pp. 226-243}} * 1790 : Martin Vahl in ''Skrifter af Naturhistorie-Selskabet'' vol. 1 p. 19 * 1792 : {{Creanda|en|Hipólito Ruiz López|Hippolytus Ruiz|Hipólito Ruiz}}, ''Quinología o tratado del árbol de la quina ó cascarilla''. Matriti: Viuda e hijo de Marin [https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/idurl/1/9554 Textus] * 1862 : Clements R. Markham, ''Travels in Peru and India while superintending the collection of Chinchona plants and seeds in South America, and their introduction into India''. Londinii: Murray [https://archive.org/details/travelsinperuind00mark Textus] apud ''Internet Archive'' * 1880 : George King, ''A manual of Cinchona cultivation in India''. Calcuttae: Superintendent of Government Printing [https://archive.org/details/manualofcinchona00kinguoft Textus] apud ''Internet Archive'' * 1880 : Clements R. Markham, ''Peruvian bark: a popular account of the introduction of chinchona cultivation into British India''. Londinii: Murray [https://archive.org/details/b21960264 Textus] apud ''Internet Archive'' ; Eruditio recentior * "Cinchona" in Merlin Willcox et al., edd., ''Traditional Medicinal Plants and Malaria'' (CRC Press, 2004) {{Google Books|L3lZiwsCZoYC|pp. 22-46}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat}} {{Vicispecies}} {{Fontes biologici}} * "[http://www.tropicos.org/Name/27900681?projectid=34 Cinchona pubescens] in Charlotte M. Taylor et al., ''Selected Rubiaceae Tribes and Genera'' apud ''TROPICOS'' [[Categoria:Species plantarum]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1848]] [[Categoria:Plantae medicinales]] [[Categoria:Rubiaceae]] [[Categoria:Fruges Americae australis]] [[Categoria:Taxa Vahl]] [[Categoria:Malaria]] {{Titulus italicus}} dy2yovck8iicmuwlku1ybvb0c7twncz Dubris (Delavaria) 0 277602 3982016 3884798 2026-08-18T11:55:43Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982016 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Dover Delaware.jpg|thumb|Despectus in mediam urbem, Decembri 2006.]] [[Fasciculus :Delaware State Capitol.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Curia Legislativa Delavariae]].]] [[Fasciculus:Dover Transit Center May 2018.jpg|thumb| upright=0.8| Praesidium Transitus Dubrensis, quod est axis [[laophorium|laophoriorum]] generis "DART First State."]] [[Fasciculus:HISTORIC CAPITOL THEATER, DOVER, KENT COUNTY, DELAWARE.jpg|thumb| upright=0.8| Theatrum Capitoliense.]] [[Fasciculus:Silver Lake DE-kmf.JPG|thumb| upright=0.8| [[Lacus Argenteus]].]] '''Dubris'''{{FD ref}} ([[Anglice]] ''Dover'') est [[caput (urbs)|caput]] et secunda [[urbs]] a maxima<ref name=popest2>{{cite web | url = http://www.togetherweteach.com/TWTIC/uscityinfo/08de/depopr/08depr.htm | title = Populations of Delaware (DE) Cities – ranked by Population Size| accessdate = 12 Iunii 2013}}.</ref> [[Delavaria]]e, [[Civitatum Foederatarum civitas|civitatis]] [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatum Foederatarum]]. Quae etiam est [[sedes comitatus|sedes]] [[Cantia Comitatus (Delavaria)|Cantiae Comitatus]] principalisque urbs areae statisticae metropolitanae quae omnem [[comitatus|comitatum]] amplectitur, pars [[Valles Delavariensis|areae statisticae coniunctae]] [[Philadelphia]]e-[[Wilmingtonia (Delavaria)|Wilmingtoniae]]-[[Camdenia (Nova Caesarea)|Camdeniae]]-[[Pennsylvania]]e-[[Nova Caesarea|Novae Caesareae]]-Delavariae-[[Terra Mariae|Terrae Mariae]]. Urbs ad [[Sanctus Jones Fluvius|Sanctum Jones Fluvium]] in [[litus|litorali]] [[Flumen Delavaria|Delavariae Fluvii]] [[planities|planitie]] iacet, a [[Gulielmus Penn|Gulielmo Penn]] appellata, [[colonialismus|colono]] [[vir publicus|viroque publico]] e [[Dubris|Dubre]] in [[Cantia]] [[Anglia]]e orto. Anno [[2010]], numerus incolarum erat 36 047.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stateplanning.delaware.gov/census_data_center/ |title=stageplanning.delaware.gov |publisher=Stateplanning.delaware.gov |accessdate=14 Novembris 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161231141632/http://stateplanning.delaware.gov/census_data_center/ |archivedate=31 Decembris 2016}}.</ref> ==Incolae notabiles== [[Fasciculus:Brengle WMQ14 (2) (14603794671).jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Madison Brengle]].]] *[[Iacobus M. Appel]] (n. 1973), [[scriptor]] [[fabula brevis|fabularum brevium]] et bioethicista, qui Dubre ab 1982 ad 1991 habitavit *[[Madison Brengle]] (n. 1990), lusor [[teniludus|tenitudi]] professionalis *[[Randy Bush]] (n. 1958), lusor [[Major League Baseball]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Randy Bush Stats|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/b/bushra01.shtml|website=Baseball-Reference.com|publisher=Sports-Reference.com|accessdate=22 Maii 2018}}.</ref> *[[Annie Jump Cannon]] (1863–1941), [[astronomus]] et co-creator [[Harvard Classification Scheme]] *[[Robertus Crumb]] (n. 1943), [[artifex]] subterraneus, qui Dubre ab 1959 ad 1961 habitavit *[[Gulielmus D. Denney]] (1873–1953), quinquagesimus sextus [[gubernator Delavariae]], Dubre natus *[[Murphy Guyer]] (n. 1952), [[histrio]], [[director]], [[scriptor scaenicus]], Dubre natus *[[Duglassus Hutchison]] (n. 1960), [[histrio]], Dubre natus *[[Gilder D. Jackson Jr.]] (1893–1966), Brigadier General USMC per [[secundum bellum mundanum]] *[[Nathan Macias]] (n. 1960), [[politicus]] Texanus et olim imperator 436ae "Civil Engineer Squadron" ad Castra Classis Aeriae Dubrensia<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lrl.state.tx.us/scanned/members/bios/TLO/80th_Macias_Nathan.pdf|title=House Membership: Representative Nathan Mathias|publisher=Texas Legislative Reference Library|accessdate=22 Februarii 2014}}.</ref> *[[Michael Meade]]<!--Mike--> (n. 1960), lusor [[National Football League]], Dubre natus *[[Teri Polo]] (n. 1969), [[actrix]], Dubre nata *[[Mabel Lloyd Ridgely]] (1872–1962, [[suffragium mulierum|suffragista]] et praeservationista historica, Dubre habitans *[[Ioannes Snell]]<!--Ian--> (m. 1981), iaculator in Major League Baseball<ref>{{cite web|title=Ian Snell Stats|url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/s/snellia01.shtml|website=Baseball-Reference.com|publisher=Sports-Reference.com|accessdate=22 Maii 2018}}.</ref> *[[Robertus Tornoe]] (born 1978), [[artifex]]<!--cartoonist--> <!--nationally syndicated, award-winning cartoonist-->, qui Scholam Superiorem Dubrensem frequantavit ==Notae== <references/> ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Dubris|Dubrim}}<!-- {{wikivoyage|Dover (Delaware)|Dover}}--> *Dover, Delaware. In ''Encyclopaedia Britannica,'' ed. 11a (1911). *[http://www.cityofdover.com/ Situs proprius Urbis Dubris.] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20210421235145/http://www.dover.af.mil/ Castra Classis Aeriae Dubrensia] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20181224222758/http://delaware.newszap.com/ ''Delaware State News''] *[http://www.desu.edu/ Universitas Civica Delavariae] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090715083227/http://www.wesley.edu/ Collegium Wesleianum] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20111108001315/http://www.biggsmuseum.org/ Museum Artis Americanae Biggsianum] <!-- + *[http://www.dtcc.edu/ Delaware Technical & Community College] *[http://www.visitdover.com/ Kent County & Greater Dover Convention and Visitors Bureau] *[http://www.doverfire.org/ Dover Fire Department]--> [[Categoria:Capita civitatum Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Constituta 1683]] [[Categoria:Dubris (Delavaria)]] [[Categoria:Urbes Delavariae]] <!-- [[Category:Cities in Kent County, Delaware]] [[Category:University towns in the United States]] [[Category:Populated places on the Underground Railroad]] [[Category:County seats in Delaware]]--> ik5pzuh1dqp749ij7hw63nzhj0w55el Beverly Sills 0 284213 3981868 3952377 2026-08-17T21:36:24Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981868 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:Beverly Sills by Van Vechten.jpg|thumb|upright|Beverly Sills anno [[1956]]. [[Photographema]] a [[Carolus Van Vechten|Carolo Van Vechten]] factum.]] '''Beverly Sills''' ([[25 Maii]] [[1929]]; [[2 Iulii]] [[2007]]) fuit [[supranus|suprana]] [[opera]]tica [[Civitates Foederatae|Americana]], quae [[decennium|decenniis]] [[1950]], [[1960]], [[1970]] [[floruit]]. Suum repertorium [[persona]]s in [[opera|operis]] ab [[Georgius Fridericus Handel|Handelianis]] [[Wolfgangus Amadeus Mozart|Mozartianisque]] ad [[Iacobus Puccini|Puccinianis]], [[Iulius Massenet|Massenetianis]], [[Iosephus Verdi|Verdianisque]] comprehendit, sed actionibus partes [[suprana coloratura|supranarum coloraturarum]] in [[fabula|fabulis]] scaenicis vivis impressionibusque per [[discophonum|discophona]] agentibus innotuit. Se cum [[opera|operis]] [[Caietanus Donizetti|Donizettianis]] consociavit, quarum multas partes egit et in impressiones discophonicas redegit. Inter suas partes proprias erant pars titularis in ''[[Lucia di Lammermoor]]'' Donizettiana, pars titularis in ''[[Manon]]'' Massenetiana, Marie in ''[[La fille du régiment]]'' Donizettiana, tres heroinae in ''[[Les contes d'Hoffmann]]'' [[Iacobus Offenbach|Iacobi Offenbach]], Rosina in ''[[Il barbiere di Siviglia]]'' [[Ioachim Rossini|Ioachimi Rossini]], Violetta in ''[[La traviata]]'' Iosephi Verdi, et insignissime Elisabetta in ''[[Roberto Devereux]]'' Donizettiana. Secundum ''[[The New York Times]],'' "Eximiam [[ars|artem]] technicam [[aetas|aetate]] florens exhibebat. Tarantara floralia ornatúsque perficere poterat, altis D et E-mollibus radiantibus in summo, facilique agilitate ut videbatur. Scrupulosá arte musicá, alacritate [[rhythmus|rhythmicá]], vividoque [[textus|textús]] [[sensus|sensu]] canebat."<ref>[[Anglice]] "In her prime her technique was exemplary. She could dispatch coloratura roulades and embellishments, capped by radiant high Ds and E-flats, with seemingly effortless agility. She sang with scrupulous musicianship, rhythmic incisiveness and a vivid sense of text."</ref><ref>Tommasini 2007.</ref> [[Interpres]] [[radiophonica|radiophonicus]] in [[rete]] NPR dixit eius [[vox|vocem]] "potuisse funem ligatum nere, infinitum ut videbatur, vel summá integritate [[crystallum|crystalliná]] in undulas floraturae fulgidae altarumque [[nota (musica)|notarum]] mirificarum displodere."<ref>[[Anglice]] "Capable of spinning a seemingly endless legato line, or bursting with crystalline perfection into waves of dazzling fiorature and thrilling high notes."</ref><ref>Libbey 2006: 782.</ref> Postquam a [[scaena]] anno [[1980]] recessit, generalis [[New York City Opera]] administrator facta est. Anno [[1994]], praeses [[Centrum Lincolniense|Centri Lincolniensis]], et tum anno [[2002]] [[Opera Metropolitana|Operae Metropolitanae]] facta est, ac se ab officio ad ultimum anno [[2005]] abdicavit. Suo [[fama|nomine]] [[beneficentia|liberalitatis]] causá utebatur, plerumque ad [[defectio natalis|defectiones natales]] prohibendas et tractandas. ==De vita== Nata est ''Belle Miriam Silverman'' [[Crown Heights (Brooklynium)|Crown Heights]] in [[vicus|vico]] [[Brooklynium|Brooklynii]], [[Urbs Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]], [[mater|matre]] Shirley Bahn (natá Soniá Markovna), [[musicus|musicá]], [[pater|patre]] Morris Silverman, [[negotium|negotiatore]] [[assecuratio]]nis.<ref>Tommasini 2007.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/88/Beverly-Sills.html |title=Beverly Sills Biography (1929–) |publisher=Filmreference.com |date= |accessdate=26 Octobris 2008}}.</ref> Parentes erant [[Iudaei]] qui ex [[Odessa]] [[Ucraina]]e (tum parte [[Russia]]e) et [[Bucaresta]] [[Romania]]e [[immigratio|immigraverant]]. Loquebatur [[puella]] [[lingua Iudaeo-Germanica|Iudaeo-Germanice]], [[Russice]], [[lingua Dacoromanica|Dacoromanice]], [[Francogallice]], [[Anglice]].<ref>Tommasini 2007.</ref> Ei concessus est [[doctor musicae|doctoratus musicae]] honoris causa ab [[Universitas Temple| Universitate Temple]] anno [[1972]], [[Universitas Novi Eboraci|Universitate Novi Eboraci]] et [[Conservatorium Music Novae Angliae|Conservatorio Musicae Novae Angliae]] anno [[1973]], [[Universitas Harvardiana|Universitate Harvardiana]] anno [[1974]], et [[Insitutum Artium Californiense|Instituto Artium Californiensi]] anno [[1975]]. [[Cancer pulmonum|Cancro pulmonum]] obiit die [[2 Iulii]] [[2007]], anno aetatis suae septuagesimo octavo, filiá praesente.<ref>Mark Feeny, [http://www.boston.com/ae/music/articles/2007/07/03/beverly_sills_peoples_diva_dies/ "Beverly Sills, people's diva, dies,"] ''The Boston Globe,'' [[3 Iulii]] [[2007]].</ref> [[Corpus]] in Hortis Sharon, regione Iudaica [[Coemeterium Kensico|Coemeterii Kensico]] [[Valhalla (Novum Eboracum)|Valhallae]] [[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]], sepultum est. [[Nomen proprium|Nomen]] Beverly Sills in [[Aula Gloriae Nationalis Mulierum|Aula Gloriae Nationali Mulierum]] anno [[1998]] inscriptum est.<ref>[https://www.womenofthehall.org/inductee/beverly-sills/ "Beverly Sills,"] National Women's Hall of Fame.</ref> ==Bibliographia== [[Fasciculus:Beverly Sills Tombstone 2011.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Monumentum]] Beverly Sills in [[Coemeterium Kensico|Coemeterio Kensico]] [[Valhalla (Novum Eboracum)|Valhallae]] [[Novum Eboracum|Novi Eboraci]].]] *Guy, Nancy. [[2015]]. ''The Magic of Beverly Sills.'' Urbanae et Sicagi: University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-03973-7. *Hamilton, David, ed. [[1987]]. ''The Metropolitan Opera encyclopedia: a comprehensive guide to the world of opera.'' Novi Eboraci: Simon and Schuster. ISBN 067161732X. *Libbey, Ted. [[2006]]. ''The NPR Listener's Encyclopedia of Classical Music.'' Novi Eboraci: Workman Publishing. *Paolucci, Bridget. [[1990]]. ''Beverly Sills.'' Novi Eboraci: Chelsea House Publishers. ISBN 1-55546-677-X. *Sargeant, Withrop. [[1973]]. ''Divas.'' Novi Eboraci: Coward, McCann & Geoghegan. ISBN 0-698-10489-7. *Sills, Beverly. [[1976]]. ''Bubbles: A Self-Portrait.'' Novi Eboraci: Bobbs-Merrill. ISBN 0-446-81520-9.<!--revised edition 1981 as ''Bubbles: An Encore''--> *Sills, Beverly, cum Lawrence Linderman. [[1987]]. ''Beverly: An Autobiography.'' Novi Eboraci: Bantam Books. ISBN 0-553-05173-3. *Sills, Beverly. [[1987]]. ''Beverly Sills: On My Own.'' ISBN 0-553-45743-8. Liber audio.<!--designated as a companion to ''Beverly: An Autobiography'', with Sills speaking in interview about her life, interspersed with narration and live musical excerpts; no direct text from the printed autobiography.--> *''Beverly Sills: Made in America.'' [[2006]]. Deutsche Grammophon B0007999-09. [[Pellicula documentaria]].<!--90-minutes on Sills's singing career, many rare video performances and interview clips--> *Tommasini, Anthony. [[2007]]. "Beverly Sills, All-American Diva, Is Dead at 78." ''[[The New York Times]],'' 3 Iulii. [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/03/arts/music/03sills.html?pagewanted=all Editio interretialis.] ==Notae== <references/> ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Beverly Sills}} {{wikiquote|Beverly Sills}} *[http://www.beverlysillsonline.com ''Beverly Sills Online.''] Situs cum discographia, bibliographia, pinacotheca photographematum, pelliculis soni et visús, tabula temporali, commentariis editis, et aliis fontibus.<!-- *{{Allmusic|class=artist|id=q53023}}--> *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070712084511/http://www.wic.org/bio/bsills.htm ''Beverly Sills: Special mother to the special children.''] De opere liberalitatis pro pueris [[debilitas|debilibus]]. *{{IMDb name|0798116|Beverly Sills}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20021221181302/http://www.greatwomen.org/women.php?action=viewone&id=144 Biographia in National Women's Hall of Fame.] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070930181659/http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/b/beverly_sills.html Loci allati Beverly Sills.] Apud BrainyQuote. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20131105111737/http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/shows/beverlysills/index.html "Beverly Sills: Made in America."] ''Great Performances'' (PBS). *[https://web.archive.org/web/20061023051328/http://operamom.com/featured_artist_sills.html De Beverly Sills.] Apud OperaMom.com.<!-- *{{findagrave|20236691}} *{{YouTube|YAz2HgSZaDs|Sills at age 8, singing "Arditi: Il bacio"}}--> *[https://www.amazon.com/gp/richpub/listmania/fullview/RFZ720XW8IYU1/cm_lm_byauthor_title_full ''The Essential Beverly Sills.''] Liber. *[https://archive.org/search.php?query=Beverly+Sills&page=3 "Beverly Sills performs arias from ''La traviata'', ''Lucia di Lammermoor'', ''Manon'', ''Mignon'' and ''Tales of Hoffmann.''"] Apud archive.org. {{Lifetime|1929|2007|Sills, Beverly}} [[Categoria:Acceptores Insignis Artium Nationalis Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Auctores Anglici]] [[Categoria:Autobiographi]]<!-- ... Civitatum Foederatarum--> [[Categoria:Cantores Civitatum Foederatarum]]<!-- =Singers from New York City--> [[Categoria:Iudaei]] [[Categoria:Praemium Grammy]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Civitatum Foederatarum]] [[Categoria:Suprani]]<!--melius: s. operatici Americani--><!-- [[Category:Erasmus Hall High School alumni]] [[Category:Gilbert and Sullivan performers]] [[Category:Jewish opera singers]] [[Category:Kennedy Center honorees]] [[Category:Burials at Kensico Cemetery]] [[Category:Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients]]--> {{Myrias|Homines}} 578ptbj1kx30ql3dcj7h8hpcg3j42sr Diprotodontia 0 290677 3982007 3878145 2026-08-18T11:12:18Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3982007 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | name = Diprotodontia<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3 Groves|pages=43–70}}.</ref> | fossil_range = {{Fossil range|28|0}}[[Oligocaenum|Oligocaeno]] exeunte – [[Holocaenum|Recens]] | image = Marsupialia collage.png | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Chordata]] | classis = [[Mammalia]] | infraclassis = [[Marsupialia]] | superordo = [[Australidelphia]] | ordo = '''Diprotodontia''' | taxon = Diprotodontia | ordo_authority = [[Ricardua Owen|Owen]], [[1866]] | subdivision_ranks = [[Subordo|Subordines]] | subdivision = [[Vombatiformes]]<br/>[[Phalangeriformes]]<br/>[[Macropodiformes]] }} '''Diprotodontia''' ([[Graece]], 'duo [[dens|dentes]] anteriores') sunt [[ordo (taxinomia)|ordo]] [[mammalia|mammalium]] [[marsupialia|marsupialium]] qui 155 fere [[species]] comprehendit,<ref>Meredith, Westerman, et Springer 2009.</ref> inter quas [[macropodidae]], [[phalangeriformes]], [[Phascolarctos cinereus|phascolarctos]], [[vombatus]], et multa alia [[animalia]]. Inter diprotodontia [[exstinctio|exstincta]] sunt ''[[Diprotodon]]'' [[magnitudo|magnitudinis]] [[rhinocerotidae|rhinocerotidarum]] et ''[[Thylacoleo]],'' [[leo]] marsupialis vulgo appellatus. ==Proprietates== [[Fasciculus:Macropus fuliginosus fuliginosus-3.JPG|thumb|[[Incisor]]es mandibulares medii, maior diprotodontium proprietas, in hoc ''[[Macropus fuliginosus fuliginosus|Macropode fuliginoso fuliginoso'']] patent.]] [[Fasciculus:Macropus giganteus 02.jpg|thumb|''[[Macropus giganteus]].'']] [[Fasciculus:Macropus agilis - 02.jpg|thumb|''[[Macropus agilis]].'']] Paene omnia diprotodontia exstantia sunt [[herbivora]], ut erant plurima quae nunc [[exstinctio|exstincta]] sunt. Nonnulla diprotodontia [[insectivora]] et [[omnivora]] describuntur, et [[potoridae]] inter [[vertebrata]] sunt paene unicae quia [[fungi|fungis]] vescuntur, sed haec [[animalia]] recentiores ex generali modo vivendi adaptationes orta fuisse videntur. [[Thylacoleonidae]] exstinctae sunt solus [[grex]] diprotodontium notus qui plerumque [[caro|carne vescebantur]]. Diprotodontia solum in [[Australasia]] inveniuntur. Prima [[fossile|fossilia]] nota ex [[Oligocaenum|Oligocaeno]] exeunte sunt, sed aliquot species profecto sunt antea ortae, quia magni hiatus inter fossilia Australiana fiunt, et paene nulla in [[Nova Guinea]] inveniuntur, [[insula]] quae [[geologia|geologice]] actuosa est. Magna diprotodontium Oligocaenorum notorum diversitas monstrat hunc ordinem multo antea variare coepisse. Multa ex maximis tenuissimisque diprotodontibus (cum pervariis aliis [[megafauna Australiana|megafaunis Australianis]]) exstincta facta sunt cum homines [[Australia]]m abhinc annorum 50&thinsp;000 fere primum attingerent. Quae exstinctio fortasse [[venatio]]ne, sed magis a mutationibus [[circumiecta|habitationis]] ab [[industria]] humana effecta fiebat, insigniter usu [[ignis]]. Duae proprietates [[anatomia|anatomicae]] maximi momenti diprotodontia una designant. Species huius ordinis primum sunt "diprotodonticae" ([[vocabulum]] 'duo [[dens|dentes]] anteriores' [[significatio (linguistica)|significans]]), nam eis sunt par magnorum [[incisor]]um procumbentium in [[maxilla]] inferiori, proprietas in multis primis [[mammalia|mammalium]] atque adeo mammaliformium gregibus communis. [[Maxilla]] diprotodontium est brevis, plerumque cum ter binis incisoribus superioribus ([[vombatidae|vombatidis]], sicut [[rodentia|rodentibus]], sunt solum unum par), et nulli canini inferiores. Altera proprietas anatomica quae diprotodontia distinguit est [[syndactylia]], fusio secundi tertiique [[pes|pedis]] [[digitus|digitorum]] usque ad basim [[unguis|unguium]], cum autem ungues separati essent.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190424120402/http://tolweb.org/treehouses/?treehouse_id=4712 Tolweb]</ref> Digitus quintus plerumque caret, et digitus quartus saepe magnopere amplificatur. Syndactylia non communis est (quamquam in [[marsupialia|marsupialibus]] [[Peramelemorphia|omnivoris Australianis]] invenitur) et plerumque adaptatio scandendi putatur. Nihilominus, multa diprotodontia hodierna omnino sunt terrestria, atque alias huius modi vivendi adaptationes evolverunt. Ergo, [[historia]] specierum [[genus (taxinomia)|generis]] ''[[Dendrolagus|Dendrolagi]]'' praecipue contorta est, nam haec animalia [[arbor]]ealia iamdudum fuisse videntur, deorsum ad [[solum]] moventia—eodem tempore longos [[pes|pedes]] [[macropodidae|macropodidiformes]] evolventia—antequam ad arbores redierunt, ubi pedes posteriores tum imminuerint et dilataverint, cum novam scandendi [[ratio]]nem evolverent. ==Fossilia== Primum [[fossile]] diprotodontium notum ex [[Oligocaenum|Oligocaeno]] exeunte (abhinc annorum a 23.03 ad 28.4 [[millio]]nes) ortum est, et prima [[species]] quae agnosci potest ''[[Hypsiprymnodon bartholomaii]]'' ex [[Miocaenum|Miocaeno]] ineunte est.<ref name=paleo>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120313203158/http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_no=66275&is_real_user=1 The Paleobiology Database]</ref> Anno [[2020]], [[fossile]] ''[[Mukupirna]]e'' inventum est, quod progenies vombatiformium putatur.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/jun/25/fossils-of-big-boned-marsupial-shed-light-on-wombat-evolution-mukupirna |title=Fossils of 'big boned' marsupial shed light on wombat evolution |publisher=The Guardian |date=25 Iunii 2020 |website=The Guardian |access-date=25 Iunii 2020}}</ref> ==Classificatio== Solum duo [[subordo|subordines]] inter diprotodonta olim agnoscebantur, quae erant [[vombatiformes]], qui [[vombatidae|vombatidas]] et [[phascolarctos|phascolarcton]], ac [[phalangerida]], quae omnes familias alias amplectebantur, sed Kirsch et al. (1997) has familias in tris [[subordo|subordines]] digesserunt. Praeterea, sex familiae [[phalangeriformes|phalangeriformium]] in duas [[superfamilia]]s nunc finduntur. '''Ordo DIPROTODONTIA''' * '''Subordo [[Vombatiformes]]''' ** Familia [[Vombatidae]] (tres species) ** Familia [[Phascolarctidae]] (''[[Phascolarctos cinereus]]'', una species) ** Familia †[[Ilariidae]] ** Familia †[[Maradidae]] ** Familia †[[Diprotodontidae]] ** Familia †[[Palorchestidae]] ** Familia †[[Thylacoleonidae]] (leones marsupiales)<ref name="Scientific American">{{cite web|last1=Naish|first1=Darren|title=Of koalas and marsupial lions: the vombatiform radiation, part I|url=http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/tetrapod-zoology/2011/10/26/vombatiform-radiation-part-i/|website=Scientific American|publisher=Scientific American, Inc.|accessdate=24 Octobris 2015}}</ref> ** Familia †[[Wynyardiidae]] * '''Subordo [[Phalangeriformes]]''' ** Superfamilia [[Phalangeroidea]] *** Familia [[Phalangeridae]]: (''[[trichosurus|trichosuri]] et [[cuscus|cusci]]) *** Familia [[Burramyidae]] *** Familia †[[Ektopodon|Ektopodontidae]] ** Superfamilia [[Petauroidea]] *** Familia [[Tarsipedidae]] *** Familia [[Petauridae]] *** Familia [[Pseudocheiridae]] (''[[Pseudocheirus peregrinus]] et socii) *** Familia [[Acrobatidae]]: (''[[Acrobates pygmaeus]]'' et ''[[Distoechurus pennatus]]'') * '''Subordo [[Macropodiformes]]''' ** Familia †[[Balbaridae]]: ([[macropodidae]] quadrupedales basales) ** Familia [[Macropodidae]] ** Familia [[Potoroidae]] ([[bettongia]]e, [[potorous|potoroi]], et alii) ** Familia [[Hypsiprymnodontidae]] (praecipue ''[[Hypsiprymnodon moschatus]]') † Familia, genus, vel species [[exstinctio|exstincta]] ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== *Kear, Benjamin P., Bernard N. Cooke, Michael Archer, et Timothy F. Flannery. [[2007]]. "Implications of a new species of the Oligo-Miocene kangaroo (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea) Nambaroo, from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, Queensland, Australia." ''Journal of Paleontology'' 81, no. 6 (November): 1147–67. doi:10.1666/04-218.1. [http://jpaleontol.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/abstract/81/6/1147 Abstractum.] *Meredith, Robert W., Michael Westerman, et Mark Springer. [[2009]]. "A phylogeny of Diprotodontia (Marsupialia) based on sequences for five nuclear genes." ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution'' 51 (26 Februarii): 554–71. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.02.009. PMID 19249373. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150518100116/http://www.montclair.edu/profilepages/media/5008/user/Meredith_et_al._2009_A_phylogeny_of_Diprotodontia_%28Marsupialia%29_based_on_sequences_for_five_nuclear_genes.pdf PDF.] *Nowak, Ronald M. [[1999]]. ''Walker's Mammals of the World.'' Baltimorae: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-5789-9. *Wilson, D. E., et D. M. Reeder. [[2005]]. ''Mammal Species of the World.'' Baltimorae: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4. ==Nexus externi== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090211031504/http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/Taxonomicon/TaxonTree.aspx?id=60464 ''The Taxonomicon.''] *Haaramo, Mikko. [https://web.archive.org/web/20060517104625/http://www.fmnh.helsinki.fi/users/haaramo/Metazoa/Deuterostoma/Chordata/Synapsida/Metatheria/Notometatheria/Diprotodontia/diprotodontia.htm De diprotodontibus.] [[Categoria:Diprotodontia| ]] [[Categoria:Ordines animalium]] [[Categoria:Taxa Owen]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1866]] {{Myrias|Biologia}} eq3avbvyz5f0n1wyi1xs0ohq7xyp170 Psidium 0 293851 3982003 3978543 2026-08-18T10:42:53Z Ziv 172423 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Psidium cattleianum fruit.jpg]] → [[File:Starr 031002-0033 Psidium cattleianum.jpg]] Changing the name of a duplicate 3982003 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} {{Taxobox |image = Starr 020803-0117 Psidium guajava.jpg |image_caption = ''[[Psidium guajava]]'' | regnum = [[Plantae]] | cladus = [[Tracheophytes]] | unranked_divisio = [[Angiospermae]] | unranked_classis = [[Eudicotyledones]] | unranked_ordo = [[Rosidae]] | ordo = [[Myrtales]] | familia = [[Myrtaceae]] | subfamilia = [[Myrtoideae]] | tribus = [[Myrteae]] | genus = '''''Psidium''''' | display_parents = 2 | taxon = Psidium | genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]<ref name="GRIN">{{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?10034 |title=Genus: ''Psidium'' L. |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |date=28 Ianuarii 2009 |accessdate=3 Martii 2010}}.</ref> |synonyms = * ''Calyptropsidium'' <small>O.Berg</small> * ''Corynemyrtus'' <small>(Kiaersk.) Mattos</small> * ''Cuiavus'' <small>Trew</small> * ''Episyzygium'' <small>Suess. & A.Ludw.</small> * ''Guajava'' <small>Mill.</small> * ''Guayaba'' <small>Noronha</small> * ''Mitropsidium'' <small>Burret</small> | synonyms_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/synonomy.do?name_id=166596|title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families}}.</ref> }} '''''Psidium''''' est [[genus]] [[arbor]]um et [[frutex|fruticum]] [[familia (taxinomia)|familiae]] [[Myrtaceae|Myrtacearum]],<ref>Mitra 2021.</ref> qui in [[calor|calidioribus]] [[hemisphaerium occidentale|hemisphaerii occidentalis]] [[regio]]nibus [[endemismus|inveniuntur]], praecipue in [[Mexicum|Mexico]] et [[America]] [[America Media|Media]] [[America Australis|Australique]], [[Indi Occidentales|Indis Occidentalibus]], [[Insulae Galapagenses|Insulis Galapagensibus]], et [[meridies|meridianis]] [[Civitates Foederatae|Civitatibus Foederatis]].<ref name=s>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190920113931/https://wcsp.science.kew.org/namedetail.do?name_id=166596 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref><ref>Govaerts, R., Sobral, N., Ashton, P., Barrie, F., Holst, B. K., Landrum, L. L., Matsumoto, K., Fernanda Mazine, F., Nic Lughadha, E., Proença, C., et al., ''World Checklist of Myrtaceae,'' 1–455 (Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Publishing, 2008).</ref><ref>Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez,[[Alexandra Knapp|S. Knapp]], et F. Chiang Cabrera, "Cucurbitaceae a Polemoniaceae." In ''Flora Mesoamericana,'' ed. G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez, [[Alexandra Knapp|S. Knapp]] & F. Chiang Cabrera (Mexici: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2009), 4 (1): i–xvi, 1–855. </ref><ref>Landrum, L. R., et M. L. Kawasaki (1997), "The genera of Myrtaceae in Brazil: an illustrated synoptic treatment and identification keys," ''Brittonia'' 49 (4): 508–36.</ref><ref>Sánchez-Vindas, P. E. (1989), "Flora de Nicaragua: Myrtaceae," ''Brenesia'' 31: 53–73.</ref><ref>Sánchez-Vindas, P. E. (2001), "''Calycolpus, Eugenia, Myrcia, Myrcianthes, Myrciaria, Pimenta, Plinia, Psidium, Syzygium, Ugni.''" In ''Flora de Nicaragua. Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden,'' ed. Stevens, W. D., C. Ulloa, A. Pool, et O. M. Montiel, 85 (2): 1566, 1570–74, 1575–80.</ref><ref>[http://bonap.net/NAPA/TaxonMaps/Genus/County/Psidium Biota of North America Program, 2013 county distribution maps, genus ''Psidium''].</ref> [[Folium|Folia]] sunt opposita vel subalternata, pelludicis punctis glandulosis notata. [[Fasciculus:Frutos de Psidium acutangulum.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Fructus]] ''[[Psidium acutangulum|Psidii acutanguli]]'' in [[manus|manu]] [[homo|hominis]] collecti.]] [[Fasciculus:Starr 031002-0033 Psidium cattleianum.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Folium|Folia]] et fructus ''[[Psidium cattleianum|Psidii cattleiani]].'']] [[Fasciculus:Flickr - João de Deus Medeiros - Psidium firmum (2).jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Caulis]], folia, et fructus ''[[Psidium firmum|Psidii firmi]].'']] [[Fasciculus:Crguava.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Folia et fructus ''[[Psidium friedrichsthalianum|Psidii friedrichsthaliani]].'']] [[Fasciculus:Goya_blancs.JPG|thumb|upright=0.8|Folia et fructus ''[[Psidium galapageium|Psidii galapageii]].'']] [[Fasciculus:Psidium guajava fruit.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Fructus]] ''[[Psidium guajava|Psidii guajava]].'']] [[Fasciculus:Psidium guajava flower 26032014 01.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Folia et flos ''[[Psidium guajava|Psidii guajava]].'']] [[Fasciculus:Psidium guajava leafbud 26032014.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Gemma foliorum ''[[Psidium guajava|Psidii guajava]].'']] [[Fasciculus:Common guava seedling, 14 months.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Iuvenis ''[[Psidium guajava|Psidii guajava]]'' [[planta]], 14 menses nata.]] [[Fasciculus:Psidium guineense.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Folia et [[flos]] ''[[Psidium guineense|Psidii guineensis]].'']] [[Fasciculus:Flickr - João de Deus Medeiros - Psidium longipetiolatum.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Folia et fructus ''[[Psidium longipetiolatum|Psidii longipetiolati]].'']] [[Fasciculus:Flickr - João de Deus Medeiros - Psidium myrtoides (1).jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Fructus ''[[Psidium myrtoides|Psidii myrtoidis]].'']] [[Fasciculus:Flickr - João de Deus Medeiros - Psidium myrtoides (3).jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|[[Arbor]] ''[[Psidium myrtoides|Psidii myrtoidis]].'']] [[Fasciculus:Psidium sintenisii.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|''[[Psidium sintenisii]]'' anno [[1974]] adumbratum.<ref>[http://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/elyunque/learning/nature-science/?cid=fsbdev3_043054 illustration by Elbert J. Little; USDA-FS Handbook # 449; 1974].</ref>]] ==Taxinomia== Hoc genus primum a [[Carolus Linnaeus|Carolo Linnaeo]] anno [[1753]] descriptum est.<ref>[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358489#page/482/mode/1up Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 470].</ref><ref>[http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40018772 Tropicos, ''Psidium'' L.]</ref> Multae [[species]] [[fructus]] edules ferunt, qua pro causa nonnullae pro [[commercium|commercio]] coluntur.<ref>{{cite book |title= The Encyclopedia of Fruit and Nuts |url= https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaoffr0000unse_g1h3 |editor= Jules Janick, Robert E. Paull |edition= illustrated |publisher= CABI |year= 2008 |isbn= 9780851996387}}.</ref> Species culta populo gratissima est ''[[Psidium guajava]].''<ref>Murphy 2017.</ref><ref>Todorov et Bogsan 2017.</ref> ===Species=== Generi sunt paene [[centum]] species descriptae.<ref name=s/> # ''[[Psidium acidum]]'' - [[Peruvia]], [[Aequatoria]] # ''[[Psidium acranthum]]'' - [[Respublica Dominicana]] # ''[[Psidium acunae]]'' - [[Cuba]] # ''[[Psidium acutangulum]]'' - a [[Columbia]] ad [[Amapaensis|Amapaensem]] et [[Bolivia]] # ''[[Psidium albescens]]'' - [[Iamaica]] # ''[[Psidium amplexicaule]]'' - [[Portus Dives]], [[Insulae sub Vento]] # ''[[Psidium apiculatum]]'' - [[Bahia]] # ''[[Psidium appendiculatum]]'' - [[Venetiola]] septentrionalis, [[Brasilia]] septentrionlis et orientalis # ''[[Psidium araucanum]]'' - [[Paulopolitana]] et [[Paranensis]] civitates Brasiliae # ''[[Psidium arboreum]]'' - [[Civitas Fluminensis]] civitas Brasiliae # ''[[Psidium australe]]'' - Venetiola,, [[Guiana]], Bolivia, Brasilia, [[Paraquaria]] # ''[[Psidium bahianum]]'' - Bahia # ''[[Psidium balium]]'' - Cuba # ''[[Psidium brevifolium]]'' - Respublica Dominicana # ''[[Psidium brownianum]]'' - Venetiola, Brasilia septentrionalis et orientalis # ''[[Psidium calyptranthoides]]'' - Portus Dives # ''[[Psidium canum]]'' - Brasilia # ''[[Psidium cattleianum]]'' - Brasilia, [[Uruquaria]] # ''[[Psidium cauliflorum]]'' - Bahia<ref>Landrum et Sobral 2006.</ref> # ''[[Psidium celastroides]]'' - Cuba # ''[[Psidium claraense]]'' - Cuba # ''[[Psidium cymosum]]'' - Cuba # ''[[Psidium densicomum]]'' - Venetiola, Guiana, Bolivia, Brasilia septentrionalis et occidentalis, Peruvia, Columbia # ''[[Psidium dictyophyllum]]'' - [[Hispaniola]] # ''[[Psidium donianum]]'' - [[Maragnanensis]] # †''[[Psidium dumetorum]]'' - Iamaica sed [[exstinctio|exstinctum]] # ''[[Psidium eugenii]]'' - Brasilia australis et orientalis # ''[[Psidium firmum]]'' - Brasilia # ''[[Psidium friedrichsthalianum]]'' - [[Mexicum]] meridianum, [[America Media]], Columbia, Venetiola # ''[[Psidium fulvum]]'' - Peruvia # ''[[Psidium galapageium]]'' - [[Insulae Galapagenses]] # ''[[Psidium ganevii]]'' - Bahia # ''[[Psidium giganteum]]'' - [[Civitas Minarum Generalium]], [[Paulopolitana]] # ''[[Psidium glaziovianum]]'' - Brasilia australis et orientalis # ''[[Psidium globosum]]'' - Uruquaria # ''[[Psidium grandifolium]]'' - Brasilia, Bolivia, Paraguaia, [[Argentina]] septentrionalis et orientalis # ''[[Psidium grazielae]]'' - [[Civitas Spiritus Sancti]] et [[Civitas Fluminensis]]<ref>Carlos Tuler, da Costa Souza, Tavares Carrijo, et Luna Peixoto 2017.</ref> # ''[[Psidium guajava]]'' - America Media et Australis, Indi Occidentales, Mexicum, [[Florida]], [[Ludoviciana]], [[Arizona]]<ref>[http://bonap.net/MapGallery/County/Psidium%20guajava.png Biota of North America 2013 county distribution map, ''Psidium guajava'']</ref>; in [[regio]]nibus [[Africa]]e, [[Asia Meridiana|Asiae Meridianae]],<ref>Ali, Akbar, et Bashar 1986.</ref> et [[Asia Meridiorientalis|Asiae Meridiorientalis]]<ref>Lim et Chong 1990.</ref>; atque in [[Havaii]]s<ref>Gerakas et Lee 1974.</ref><ref>Shigeura et Bullock 1983.</ref> et multis aliis [[insula|insulis]] [[Oceania|oceanicis]] [[natura]]lizatum # ''[[Psidium guineense]]'' - America Media et Australis, [[Insulae ad Ventum Conversae]], Mexicum # ''[[Psidium guyanense]]'' - Brasilia septentrionalis, Venetiola, [[Guiana Francica]] # ''[[Psidium haitiense]]'' - [[Haitia]] # ''[[Psidium harrisianum]]'' - [[iamaica]] # ''[[Psidium × hasslerianum]]'' - Paraguaia, America Media # ''[[Psidium hotteanum]]'' - [[Massif de la Hotte]] # ''[[Psidium huanucoense]]'' - [[Regio Huánuco]] # ''[[Psidium inaequilaterum]]'' - Brailia australis et orientalis # ''[[Psidium itanareense]]'' - [[Paulopolitana]] # ''[[Psidium jacquinianum]]'' - locus ignotus # ''[[Psidium jakucsianum]]'' - Cuba # ''[[Psidium kennedyanum]]'' - Brasilia, Paraguaia, Argentina septentrionalis et orientalis # ''[[Psidium langsdorffii]]'' - [[Civitas Minarum Generalium]] # ''[[Psidium laruotteanum]]'' - a [[Costarica]] ad Paraguaiam # ''[[Psidium longipetiolatum]]'' - Brasilia australis # ''[[Psidium lourteigiae]]'' - Brasilia # ''[[Psidium loustalotii]]'' - Cuba # ''[[Psidium maribense]]'' - Columbia, Venetiola, Brasilis septentroinalis # ''[[Psidium minutifolium]]'' - Cuba # ''[[Psidium misionum]]'' - Paraguaia, [[Provincia Missionum]] Argentinae # ''[[Psidium montanum]]'' - Iamaica # ''[[Psidium munizianum]]'' - Cuba # ''[[Psidium myrsinites]]'' - Brasilia # ''[[Psidium myrtoides]]'' - Brasilia # ''[[Psidium nannophyllum]]'' - Respublica Dominicana # ''[[Psidium navasense]]'' - Cuba # ''[[Psidium nummularia]]'' - Cuba # ''[[Psidium nutans]]'' - Brasilia, Argentina septentrionalis et orientalis # ''[[Psidium oblongatum]]'' - [[Civitas Minarum Generalium]], [[Civitas Spiritus Sancti]] # ''[[Psidium oblongifolium]]'' - Brasilia australis et orientalis # ''[[Psidium occidentale]]'' - Columbia et Aequatoria # ''[[Psidium oligospermum]]'' - [[Civitas Minarum Generalium]], [[Parahyba]] # ''[[Psidium oncocalyx]]'' - [[Bahiensis]] # ''[[Psidium orbifolium]]'' - Cuba # ''[[Psidium ovale]]'' - Civitas Minarum Generalium, [[Cathariniana]] # ''[[Psidium parvifolium]]'' - Cuba # ''[[Psidium pedicellatum]]'' - Columbia,Aequatoria # ''[[Psidium pigmeum]]'' - Brasilia australis et orientalis # ''[[Psidium raimondii]]'' - Peruvia # ''[[Psidium ramboanum]]'' - [[Matogrossensis]] # ''[[Psidium ratterianum]]'' - Brasília # ''[[Psidium refractum]]'' - [[Goiasensis]] # ''[[Psidium reptans]]'' - [[Paranensis]] # ''[[Psidium reversum]]'' - Sierra Sagua Baracoa in Cuba # ''[[Psidium rhombeum]]'' - [[Bahiensis]] # ''[[Psidium riparium]]'' - Brasilia # ''[[Psidium robustum]]'' - [[Maragnanensis]], [[Civitas Minarum Generalium]], [[Paulopolitana]] # ''[[Psidium rostratum]]'' - Peruvia # ''[[Psidium rotundatum]]'' - Cuba # ''[[Psidium rufum]]'' - Brasilia # ''[[Psidium rutidocarpum]]'' - Peruvia # ''[[Psidium salutare]]'' - America Media et Australis, Indi Occidentales, Mexicum meridianum # ''[[Psidium sartorianum]]'' - America Media et Australis, Indi Occidentales, Mexicum # ''[[Psidium schenckianum]]'' - Brasilia orientalis # ''[[Psidium scopulorum]]'' - Cuba # ''[[Psidium sessilifolium]]'' - Respublica Dominicana # ''[[Psidium sintenisii]]'' - Portus Dives # ''[[Psidium sorocabense]]'' - Brasilia australis et orientalis # ''[[Psidium striatulum ]]'' -Brasilia, Venetiola, Guiana, [[Surinamia]] # ''[[Psidium tenuirame]]'' - Cuba # ''[[Psidium trilobum]]'' - [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/417959/Massif-du-Nord Massif du Nord in Haitia] ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== *Ali, Md. Harun, Md. Ali Akbar, et Md. Abul Bashar. [[1986]]. ''An economic study on guava cultivation in some selected areas of Bangladesh.'' Mymensingh : Bureau of Socio-economic Research and Training, Bangladesh Agricultural University. *Carlos Tuler, Amélia, Marcelo da Costa Souza, Tatiana Tavares Carrijo, et Ariane Luna Peixoto. [[2017]]. "A new cauliflorous species of ''Psidium'' (Myrtaceae) from the Atlantic Forest." ''Phytotaxa'' 27 (1): 77–82. *Gerakas, Andrew J., et Calvin Lee. [[1974]]. ''Profit potentials in Hawaii's guava: feasibility of expanded fruit-juice and fruit-drink manufacture in Hawaii (with emphasis on guava).'' Honolulu: Department of Planning and Economic Development, State of Hawaii. *Landrum, Leslie. [[2008]]. "Two New Species of Psidium (Myrtaceae) from Bahia, Brazil." ''Novon A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature'' 18 (Februarius): 74-77. doi:10.3417/2006061. *Landrum, Leslie, et Carlos Parra-O. [[2014]]. "A new species of Psidium (Myrtaceae) from Ecuador and Colombia." ''Brittonia'' 66, no. 4 (December): 311-315. doi:10.1007/s12228-014-9335-3. *Landrum, Leslie R., et M. L. Kawasaki. [[1997]]. "The genera of Myrtaceae in Brazil: an illustrated synoptic treatment and identification keys." ''Brittonia'' 49: 508–36. *Landrum, Leslie R., et W. P. Sharp. [[1989]]. "Characters of Some American Myrtinae (Myrtaceae): ''Psidium'' and Related Genera." ''Systematic Botany'' 14 (3): 370–376. [https://doi.org/10.2307/2418927 Editio interretialis.] *Landrum, Leslie R., et M. Sobral. [[2006]]. "''Psidium cauliflorum (Myrtaceae), a new species from Bahia, Brazil." ''SIDA: Contributions to Botany'' 22: 927–29. [https://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.297.1.8 Editio interretialis]. *Lim, Tong Kwee, et Khoo Khay Chong. [[1990]]. ''Guava in Malaysia: production, pests, and diseases.'' Kuala Lumpur: Tropical Press. *Mitra, Sisir, ed. [[2021]]. ''Guava: botany, production and uses.'' Bostoniae: CAB International. ISBN 9781789247046 (epub), ISBN 9781789247039 (ebook). *Murphy, Albert, ed. [[2017]]. ''Guava: cultivation, antioxidant properties and health benefits.'' Novi Eboraci: Novinka. ISBN 1536107670, ISBN 9781536107678. *Oliveira, Elaine F., et al. [[2017]]. "Leaf morphology and venation of Psidium species from the Brazilian Savanna." ''Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia'' 27: 407–13. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318444644_Leaf_morphology_and_venation_of_Psidium_species_from_the_Brazilian_Savanna Editio interretialis.] *Shigeura, Gordon Tokiyoshi, et Richard M. Bullock. [[1983]]. ''Guava (''Psidium guajava'' L.) in Hawaii: history and production.'' Honolulu: Hawaii Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa. *Soares-Silva, L. H., et C. E. B. Proença. [[2008]]. "A new species of ''Psidium'' L. (Myrtaceae) from southern Brazil." ''Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society'' 158 (1): 51–54. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2008.00727.x Editio interretialis.] *Terezinha Lopes Pereira Peres, Marize, et al. [[2011]]. "Phytotoxic and antioxidant activity of seven native fruits of Brazil." ''Acta Botanica Brasilica'' 27: 836-46. [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262510349_Phytotoxic_and_antioxidant_activity_of_seven_native_fruits_of_Brazil Editio interretialis.] *Todorov, Svetoslav Dimitrov, et Cristina Stewart Bogsan, eds. [[2016]]. ''Tropical fruits: from cultivation to consumption and health benefits: guava and mango.'' Novi Eboraci: Nova Science. ISBN 9781634846820 (epub). ==Nexus externi== {{CommuniaCat|Psidium|''Psidium''}} {{Wikispecies|Psidium|''Psidium''}} {{Fontes de plantis}} *[https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/psidium Psidium] ScienceDirect. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20200718030403/http://www.theplantlist.org/1.1/browse/A/Myrtaceae/Psidium/ ''Psidium.''] The Plant List: A working list of all plant species. [[Categoria:Genera plantarum]] [[Categoria:Psidium| ]] [[Categoria:Taxa Linnaei]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1753]] {{Myrias|Biologia}} kcpejs2ztsmvxxojo1tfrr4jofnz642 Caipirinha 0 295778 3981917 3960016 2026-08-18T00:18:37Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981917 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:15-09-26-RalfR-WLC-0048.jpg|thumb|''Caipirinha'' simplex]] '''Caipirinha''' (nomen [[Lusitane|Lusitanicum]]) est [[potio mixta]] generis ''[[Amara (potio)|sour]]'' et familiae ''[[cocktail]]'', in [[Brasilia]] saepe parata. E [[cachaça]], [[lumia|lumiis]], saccharo, glacie conficitur. == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * Ana Ferrareze, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20111117035757/http://revistacasaejardim.globo.com/Revista/Common/0%2C%2CEMI278045-16940%2C00-A%2BHISTORIA%2BDA%2BCAIPIRINHA.html A história da caipirinha]" in ''Casa e jardim'' (2010?) * Guilherme Grandi, "[https://www.gazetadopovo.com.br/bomgourmet/produtos-ingredientes/do-remedio-ao-drink-caipirinha-pode-estar-completando-100-anos-em-2018/ De remédio a drink: estudiosos afirmam que caipirinha chegou aos 100 anos]" in ''Gazeta do povo'' (5 Februarii 2018) == Nexus externi == * "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210423031626/https://clubedacaipirinha.com.br/dicas/origem-da-caipirinha/ Origem da Caipirinha: Historia Completa]" apud ''Clube da Caipirinha'' * "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210301002228/https://www.coctelybebida.com/articulo/historia-de-la-caipirinha/ Historia de la caipirinha]" apud ''Cóctel y Bebida'' * Marine Normand, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210301103949/https://www.villaschweppes.com/article/la-caipirinha-cocktail-made-in-brasil_a426/1 Le cocktail Caïpirinha : la recette originale et ses variations]" apud ''Villa Schweppes'' * Philip Reim, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210517010736/https://www.eyeforspirits.com/2020/08/05/caipirinha-rezept/ Caipirinha: So bereitest du den Cachaça-Cocktail perfekt zu]" (5 Augusti 2020) apud ''Eye for Spirits'' [[Categoria:Potiones mixtae]] [[Categoria:Ars coquinaria Brasiliana]] [[Categoria:Verba Lusitana]] 6320dq6zngh8im84q0alol6cuv4vhey Carolus Fridericus a Ledebour 0 298291 3981944 3648652 2026-08-18T01:53:06Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 0 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981944 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} '''Carolus Fridericus a Ledebour''' ([[Theodisce]] ''Carl Friedrich<ref>In [[Russia]] ''Carolus Friderici filius, Карл Фридрихович''.</ref> von Ledebour''), [[Stralsunda]]e die [[8 Iulii]] anno [[1785]] natus et [[Monacum|Monachii]] die [[4 Iulii]] anno [[1851]] mortuus, fuit [[botanicus]] et [[explorator]] Germanicus et Russicus. [[Academia Scientiarum Petropolitana|Academiae Scientiarum Petropolitanae]] socius ab anno 1814. ==Vita et opera== In [[Universitas Gryphiswaldensis|universitate Gryphiswaldensi]] educatus (1805), ubi [[medicina]]m studuerat, [[Dorpatum|Dorpati]] anno 1805 [[hortus botanicus|horti botanici]] praefectus factus est; ab anno 1811 ad 1836 [[Universitas Tartuensis|Universitatis Dorpatensis]] professor. Expeditionem [[Altai]]cam famosam (cum [[Carolus Antonius de Meyer|Carolo de Meyer]] et [[Alexander von Bunge|Alexandro de Bunge]]) anno 1826 fecit. ''Flora Altaica'' et ''Flora Rossica'' Ledebourii opera notissima sunt. ==Opera Latina== *''[https://dspace.ut.ee/handle/10062/2448 Plantae novae Rossiae meridionalis ex Asperifoliarum familia]'', 1800 * ''[https://dspace.ut.ee/handle/10062/3099 Monographia generis paridum]{{Nexus deficit|date=August 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}'', 1827 * ''[https://books.google.ru/books?id=CGOoqhYKB88C&printsec=frontcover&hl=ru#v=onepage&q&f=false Flora Altaica]'', 1829 (vol. I) * ''[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/32865633#page/84/mode/1up Icones plantarum novarum vel imperfecte cognitarum floram Rossicam, imprimis Altaicam, illustrantes]'', vol. I-II, 1829-34 * ''[https://dspace.ut.ee/handle/10062/2392 Commentarius in J. G. Gmelini Floram sibiricam], 1841 * ''[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/133926#page/7/mode/1up Flora Rossica sive Enumeratio Plantarium in Totius Imperii Rossici Provinciis Europaeis, Asiaticis et Americanis hucusque Observatarum]'', 1853 (vol. IV) ==Notae== <references /> ==Nexus externi== {{fontes biographici}} * [[:s:ru:ЭСБЕ/Ледебур,_Карл_Фридрих|De Carolo Friderico a Ledebour]] in ''[[Lexicon encyclopaedicum Brockhaus et Efron|Lexico encyclopaedico Brockhaus et Efron]]'' minore {{ling|Russice}} * [[:s:ru:РБС/ВТ/Ледебур, Карл-Христиан-Фридрих|De Carolo Friderico a Ledebour]] in ''Lexico biographico Russico,'' curis [[Alexander Polovtsov|Alexandri Polovtsov]] edito {{ling|Russice}} {{Lifetime|1785|1851|Ledebour, Carolus Fridericus a}} [[Categoria:Botanistae Germaniae]] [[Categoria:Botanistae Russiae]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Gryphiswaldensis]] [[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Tartuensis]] [[Categoria:Socii Academiae Scientiarum Russicae]] [[Categoria:Exploratores Siberiae]] [[Categoria:Exploratores Germanici]] [[Categoria:Exploratores Russici]] is38tcnc78gdyunsqncvhh0nlk1sa6s Barbara Pickersgill 0 302297 3981832 3688013 2026-08-17T20:16:49Z InternetArchiveBot 139091 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 3981832 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidata}} '''Barbara Pickersgill''' (nata anno [[1940]]) est [[botanice|botanista]] [[Anglia|Anglica]]. Alumna est universitatum [[universitas Radingensis|Radingensis]], ubi botanicae horticulturali studuit, et [[universitas Indianensis|Indianensis]] ubi propter dissertationem de taxinomia ''[[Capsicum chinense|Capsici chinensis]]'' titulum doctoris philosophiae nacta est. Ibi discipula erat [[Carolus Bixler Heiser|Caroli Heiser]]. Postea usque in [[2005]] apud almam matrem Radingensem docuit. De originibus et genetica plantarum domesticatarum operam dat, praesertim harum generum: ''[[Capsicum (genus)|Capsicum]]'', ''[[Vicia]]'', ''[[Psophocarpus]]'', ''[[Lens]]'', ''[[Cicer]]'', ''[[Arachis]]'', ''[[Ananas]]'', ''[[Gossypium]]'', ''[[Ipomoea]]'', ''[[Zea]]'', ''[[Phaseolus]]'', ''[[Chenopodium]]'', ''[[Musa (fructus)|Musa]]''. == Scripta selecta == * 1971 : "Relationships Between Weedy and Cultivated Forms in Some Species of Chili Peppers (Genus capsicum)" in ''Evolution'' vol. 25 (1971) pp. 683-691 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2406949 JSTOR] * 2011 (cum Gregory J. Anderson) : "Travels with Charley—sunflowers and beyond: an appreciation of the life and work of Charles B. Heiser, Jr. (1920-2010)" in ''Economic Botany'' vol. 64 (2010) pp. 281-286 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/41001196 JSTOR] * 2011 (cum Gregory J. Anderson) : ''[http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/heiser-charles.pdf Charles Bixler Heiser Jr., 1920-2010]''. Vasingtoniae: National Academy of Sciences * 2016 : "Chile Peppers" in Rafael Lira, Alejandro Casas, José Blancas, edd., ''Ethnobotany of Mexico: Interactions of People and Plants in Mesoamerica'' (Novi Eboraci: Springer, 2016) pp. 417-438 {{Google Books|iUEWDAAAQBAJ|Paginae selectae}} {{Botanistae|Pickersgill}} == Bibliographia == * "Record of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society" in ''The Linnean'' vol. 9 no. 3 (Augusto 1993) [https://ca1-tls.edcdn.com/Linnean-9-3-1993.pdf p. 30] == Nexus externi == {{Fontes biographici}} * "[https://web.archive.org/web/20221129135702/https://scholia.toolforge.org/author/Q3294180 Barbara Pickersgill]" apud ''Scholia'' {{DEFAULTSORT:Pickersgill, Barbara}} [[Categoria:Nati 1940]] [[Categoria:Homines vivi]] [[Categoria:Botanistae Britanniae]] [[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Radingensis]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Indianensis]] ouokmfruugm9mssw9an4a1yh0vvqgm3 Usor:Grufo/Officina/Experimenta/e3 2 307838 3981962 3979024 2026-08-18T02:06:57Z Grufo 64423 Experimentum 3981962 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Categoria:Index omnium operum]] rlpjbmf8o9ojy2y7bifz7u7amfdndxo 3981963 3981962 2026-08-18T02:07:13Z Grufo 64423 -Experimentum 3981963 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 Formula:Res de opere 10 312733 3981840 3836220 2026-08-17T21:05:01Z Grufo 64423 +[[:Categoria:Opera]] 3981840 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | <dfn style="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">{{{1}}}</cite></dfn>[[Categoria:Opera]] | {{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> 7e4b218567b03q8326rmmni3h34txfo 3981844 3981840 2026-08-17T21:07:05Z Grufo 64423 +‘|propositum=exhibitio’ 3981844 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | <dfn style="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">{{{1}}}</cite></dfn>{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Opera]]}} | {{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> r6ntue6y4hht84ml062awgh5wu5rffw 3981956 3981844 2026-08-18T02:00:41Z Grufo 64423 [[:Categoria:Opera]] → [[:Categoria:Opera omnia]] 3981956 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | <dfn style="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">{{{1}}}</cite></dfn>{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Opera omnia]]}} | {{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> 5469ukwxtqkbu6md16i6b6b40byg4h9 Formula:Res de opere/doc 10 312735 3981841 3962998 2026-08-17T21:05:28Z Grufo 64423 +[[:Categoria:Opera]] 3981841 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} {{Compendia formulae|ores}} Utere hac formula ut nomen proprium dissertatum scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite>...</cite></dfn></syntaxhighlight> – de hac vide [[#De nota HTML|infra]]). Si res dissertata non est nomen proprium operis artis, utere formula {{Fn|Res}}. Si res dissertata est barbarice scripta, vel est [[adagium]], utere formula {{Fn|Ires}}. Si rem typis ordinariis, a te melius intra formulam definitis, scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Res tacita}}. Si ''rem in media pagina sine capitulo suo dissertatam'' scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Subres}}. Si argumentum {{para|style}} uti vis, vide formulam {{Fn|Dfn}}. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''''...'''''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. == De usu == * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|ores/h}}</code>. == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula nomen proprium dissertatum scribit.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Res", "description": "Nomen proprium hic dissertatum", "example": "Vertigo", "type": "content", "required": true }, "plene": { "label": "Plene", "description": "Plenum lemma si |1= est forma compendiaria", "example": "Lorem ipsum", "type": "string", "required": false }, "ancora": { "label": "Ancora", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘id’", "example": "stella-degener", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Classis HTML", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘class’", "example": "glossema", "type": "string", "required": false }, "lingua": { "label": "Tessera linguae", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘lang’", "example": "en-GB", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == De nota HTML == Consortium [[WHATWG]] sic notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn>...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> definivit (Anglice): {{Citatio | 1 = The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#represents represents] the defining instance of a term. The [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#paragraph paragraph], [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-content.html#the-dl-element description list group], or [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#sectioning-content-2 section] that is the nearest ancestor of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element must also contain the definition(s) for the [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#defining-term term] given by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. <dfn>Defining term</dfn>: if the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element has a <dfn data-dfn-for="dfn" data-dfn-type="element-attr"><code>title</code></dfn> attribute, then the exact value of that attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, if it contains exactly one element child node and no child <code>[https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-text Text]</code> nodes, and that child element is an <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element abbr]</code> element with a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-abbr-title title]</code> attribute, then the exact value of ''that'' attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, it is the [https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-descendant-text-content descendant text content] of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element that gives the term being defined. {{NB|Note:}} If the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-dfn-title title]</code> attribute of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element is present, then it must contain only the term being defined. The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#attr-title title]</code> attribute of ancestor elements does not affect <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> elements. An <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element a]</code> element that links to a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element represents an instance of the term defined by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. | 2 = HTML Standard, § [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element The <code>dfn</code> element] }} Apud hanc formulam attributio <code>title</code> appellatur {{para|plene}}. == Subformulae auxiliares == * {{Fn|Res de opere/haec}} == Synonyma == * {{Fn|Ores}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera}} * [[:Categoria:Formulae typographicae]] * {{Fn|Res}} * {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} * {{Fn|Res tacita}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} * {{Fn|Subres}} * {{Fn|Dfn}} * {{Fn|Nomen operis}} * {{Fn|Scholium}} * {{Fn|Indicium ostentum}} * {{Fn|Abbr}} * {{Fn|Var}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 10w3i4amwbdpc3s001k6u34acfqgu66 3981847 3981841 2026-08-17T21:09:38Z Grufo 64423 3981847 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} {{Compendia formulae|ores}} Utere hac formula ut nomen proprium dissertatum scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite>...</cite></dfn></syntaxhighlight> – de hac vide [[#De nota HTML|infra]]). Si res dissertata non est nomen proprium operis artis, utere formula {{Fn|Res}}. Si res dissertata est barbarice scripta, vel est [[adagium]], utere formula {{Fn|Ires}}. Si rem typis ordinariis, a te melius intra formulam definitis, scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Res tacita}}. Si ''rem in media pagina sine capitulo suo dissertatam'' scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Subres}}. Si argumentum {{para|style}} uti vis, vide formulam {{Fn|Dfn}}. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''''...'''''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. == De usu == * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|ores/h}}</code>. == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula nomen proprium dissertatum scribit.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Res", "description": "Nomen proprium hic dissertatum", "example": "Vertigo", "type": "content", "required": true }, "plene": { "label": "Plene", "description": "Plenum lemma si |1= est forma compendiaria", "example": "Lorem ipsum", "type": "string", "required": false }, "ancora": { "label": "Ancora", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘id’", "example": "stella-degener", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Classis HTML", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘class’", "example": "glossema", "type": "string", "required": false }, "lingua": { "label": "Tessera linguae", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘lang’", "example": "en-GB", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == De nota HTML == Consortium [[WHATWG]] sic notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn>...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> definivit (Anglice): {{Citatio | 1 = The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#represents represents] the defining instance of a term. The [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#paragraph paragraph], [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-content.html#the-dl-element description list group], or [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#sectioning-content-2 section] that is the nearest ancestor of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element must also contain the definition(s) for the [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#defining-term term] given by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. <dfn>Defining term</dfn>: if the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element has a <dfn data-dfn-for="dfn" data-dfn-type="element-attr"><code>title</code></dfn> attribute, then the exact value of that attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, if it contains exactly one element child node and no child <code>[https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-text Text]</code> nodes, and that child element is an <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element abbr]</code> element with a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-abbr-title title]</code> attribute, then the exact value of ''that'' attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, it is the [https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-descendant-text-content descendant text content] of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element that gives the term being defined. {{NB|Note:}} If the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-dfn-title title]</code> attribute of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element is present, then it must contain only the term being defined. The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#attr-title title]</code> attribute of ancestor elements does not affect <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> elements. An <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element a]</code> element that links to a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element represents an instance of the term defined by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. | 2 = HTML Standard, § [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element The <code>dfn</code> element] }} Apud hanc formulam attributio <code>title</code> appellatur {{para|plene}}. == Subformulae auxiliares == * {{Fn|Res de opere/haec}} == Synonyma == * {{Fn|Ores}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera}} * [[:Categoria:Formulae typographicae]] * {{Fn|Res}} * {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} * {{Fn|Res tacita}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} * {{Fn|Subres}} * {{Fn|Dfn}} * {{Fn|Nomen operis}} * {{Fn|Scholium}} * {{Fn|Indicium ostentum}} * {{Fn|Abbr}} * {{Fn|Var}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> ogqyxijf505hla2oo46h3zpmqatlu0k 3981856 3981847 2026-08-17T21:17:59Z Grufo 64423 De categoriis 3981856 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} {{Compendia formulae|ores}} Utere hac formula ut nomen proprium dissertatum scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite>...</cite></dfn></syntaxhighlight> – de hac vide [[#De nota HTML|infra]]). Si res dissertata non est nomen proprium operis artis, utere formula {{Fn|Res}}. Si res dissertata est barbarice scripta, vel est [[adagium]], utere formula {{Fn|Ires}}. Si rem typis ordinariis, a te melius intra formulam definitis, scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Res tacita}}. Si ''rem in media pagina sine capitulo suo dissertatam'' scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Subres}}. Si argumentum {{para|style}} uti vis, vide formulam {{Fn|Dfn}}. Paginae quae hac formula utuntur in [[:Categoria:Opera]] numerantur. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''''...'''''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. == De usu == * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|ores/h}}</code>. == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula nomen proprium dissertatum scribit.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Res", "description": "Nomen proprium hic dissertatum", "example": "Vertigo", "type": "content", "required": true }, "plene": { "label": "Plene", "description": "Plenum lemma si |1= est forma compendiaria", "example": "Lorem ipsum", "type": "string", "required": false }, "ancora": { "label": "Ancora", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘id’", "example": "stella-degener", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Classis HTML", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘class’", "example": "glossema", "type": "string", "required": false }, "lingua": { "label": "Tessera linguae", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘lang’", "example": "en-GB", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == De nota HTML == Consortium [[WHATWG]] sic notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn>...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> definivit (Anglice): {{Citatio | 1 = The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#represents represents] the defining instance of a term. The [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#paragraph paragraph], [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-content.html#the-dl-element description list group], or [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#sectioning-content-2 section] that is the nearest ancestor of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element must also contain the definition(s) for the [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#defining-term term] given by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. <dfn>Defining term</dfn>: if the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element has a <dfn data-dfn-for="dfn" data-dfn-type="element-attr"><code>title</code></dfn> attribute, then the exact value of that attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, if it contains exactly one element child node and no child <code>[https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-text Text]</code> nodes, and that child element is an <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element abbr]</code> element with a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-abbr-title title]</code> attribute, then the exact value of ''that'' attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, it is the [https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-descendant-text-content descendant text content] of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element that gives the term being defined. {{NB|Note:}} If the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-dfn-title title]</code> attribute of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element is present, then it must contain only the term being defined. The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#attr-title title]</code> attribute of ancestor elements does not affect <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> elements. An <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element a]</code> element that links to a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element represents an instance of the term defined by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. | 2 = HTML Standard, § [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element The <code>dfn</code> element] }} Apud hanc formulam attributio <code>title</code> appellatur {{para|plene}}. == Subformulae auxiliares == * {{Fn|Res de opere/haec}} == Synonyma == * {{Fn|Ores}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera}} * [[:Categoria:Formulae typographicae]] * {{Fn|Res}} * {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} * {{Fn|Res tacita}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} * {{Fn|Subres}} * {{Fn|Dfn}} * {{Fn|Nomen operis}} * {{Fn|Scholium}} * {{Fn|Indicium ostentum}} * {{Fn|Abbr}} * {{Fn|Var}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 0untw5ymz6sv14rmc4sqs7ch59kyk29 3981954 3981856 2026-08-18T02:00:29Z Grufo 64423 [[:Categoria:Opera]] → [[:Categoria:Opera omnia]] 3981954 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} {{Compendia formulae|ores}} Utere hac formula ut nomen proprium dissertatum scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite>...</cite></dfn></syntaxhighlight> – de hac vide [[#De nota HTML|infra]]). Si res dissertata non est nomen proprium operis artis, utere formula {{Fn|Res}}. Si res dissertata est barbarice scripta, vel est [[adagium]], utere formula {{Fn|Ires}}. Si rem typis ordinariis, a te melius intra formulam definitis, scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Res tacita}}. Si ''rem in media pagina sine capitulo suo dissertatam'' scribere vis, utere formula {{Fn|Subres}}. Si argumentum {{para|style}} uti vis, vide formulam {{Fn|Dfn}}. Paginae quae hac formula utuntur in [[:Categoria:Opera]] numerantur. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>'''''...'''''</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. == De usu == * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita.</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Vertigo}} est pellicula anno 1958 edita. * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{ores|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{ores|propositum=exhibitio|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} est pellicula anno 1964 edita {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|ores/h}}</code>. == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula nomen proprium dissertatum scribit.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Res", "description": "Nomen proprium hic dissertatum", "example": "Vertigo", "type": "content", "required": true }, "plene": { "label": "Plene", "description": "Plenum lemma si |1= est forma compendiaria", "example": "Lorem ipsum", "type": "string", "required": false }, "ancora": { "label": "Ancora", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘id’", "example": "stella-degener", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Classis HTML", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘class’", "example": "glossema", "type": "string", "required": false }, "lingua": { "label": "Tessera linguae", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘lang’", "example": "en-GB", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == De nota HTML == Consortium [[WHATWG]] sic notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn>...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> definivit (Anglice): {{Citatio | 1 = The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#represents represents] the defining instance of a term. The [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#paragraph paragraph], [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-content.html#the-dl-element description list group], or [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#sectioning-content-2 section] that is the nearest ancestor of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element must also contain the definition(s) for the [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#defining-term term] given by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. <dfn>Defining term</dfn>: if the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element has a <dfn data-dfn-for="dfn" data-dfn-type="element-attr"><code>title</code></dfn> attribute, then the exact value of that attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, if it contains exactly one element child node and no child <code>[https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-text Text]</code> nodes, and that child element is an <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element abbr]</code> element with a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-abbr-title title]</code> attribute, then the exact value of ''that'' attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, it is the [https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-descendant-text-content descendant text content] of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element that gives the term being defined. {{NB|Note:}} If the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-dfn-title title]</code> attribute of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element is present, then it must contain only the term being defined. The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#attr-title title]</code> attribute of ancestor elements does not affect <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> elements. An <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element a]</code> element that links to a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element represents an instance of the term defined by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. | 2 = HTML Standard, § [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element The <code>dfn</code> element] }} Apud hanc formulam attributio <code>title</code> appellatur {{para|plene}}. == Subformulae auxiliares == * {{Fn|Res de opere/haec}} == Synonyma == * {{Fn|Ores}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia}} * [[:Categoria:Formulae typographicae]] * {{Fn|Res}} * {{Fn|Res typis italicis}} * {{Fn|Res tacita}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} * {{Fn|Subres}} * {{Fn|Dfn}} * {{Fn|Nomen operis}} * {{Fn|Scholium}} * {{Fn|Indicium ostentum}} * {{Fn|Abbr}} * {{Fn|Var}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> fz7r6n6a298krfhjx7oegox9isa2szj Formula:Res de opere/haec/doc 10 312744 3981848 3831806 2026-08-17T21:12:19Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem redintegravi 3981848 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula semper substituenda|inspectio=propria|...}} {{Formula humana}} {{Compendia substitutionis|ores/h|res de opere/h}} Utere hac [[Vicipaedia:Substitutio|substitutione]] auxiliari ut <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile scribas. == De usu == Haec pagina omnia argumenta formulae {{Fn|Res de opere}} et suum argumentum {{para|substitutio|plena}} accipit. Exempli gratia, cum in pagina “[[Iesus de cruce demissus]]” adhibeatur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:ores/h}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere|Iesus de cruce demissus}}</syntaxhighlight> *:: ↳ {{Res de opere|Iesus de cruce demissus}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:ores/h|substitutio=plena}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">Iesus de cruce demissus</cite></dfn></syntaxhighlight> *:: ↳ {{Res de opere|Iesus de cruce demissus}} Cum in pagina “[[Dr. Strangelove]]” adhibeatur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:ores/h|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}}</syntaxhighlight> *:: ↳ {{Res de opere|propositum=exhibitio|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:ores/h|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb|substitutio=plena}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; cursor: help;" title="Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb"><cite style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">Dr. Strangelove</cite></dfn></syntaxhighlight> *:: ↳ {{Res de opere|propositum=exhibitio|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} == Synonyma == * {{Fsn|Res de opere/Haec}} * {{Fsn|Res de opere/h}} * {{Fsn|Res de opere/H}} * {{Fsn|Ores/haec}} * {{Fsn|Ores/Haec}} * {{Fsn|Ores/h}} * {{Fsn|Ores/H}} == Vide quoque == * {{Fn|Res/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere}} qrj5smnnpiuslqsz9r9dvcs4gg3ancc 3981849 3981848 2026-08-17T21:13:05Z Grufo 64423 3981849 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula semper substituenda|inspectio=propria|...}} {{Formula humana}} {{Compendia substitutionis|ores/h|res de opere/h}} Utere hac [[Vicipaedia:Substitutio|substitutione]] auxiliari ut <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile scribas. == De usu == Haec pagina omnia argumenta formulae {{Fn|Res de opere}} et suum argumentum {{para|substitutio|plena}} accipit. Exempli gratia, cum in pagina “[[Iesus de cruce demissus]]” adhibeatur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:ores/h}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere|Iesus de cruce demissus}}</syntaxhighlight> *:: ↳ {{Res de opere|propositum=exhibitio|Iesus de cruce demissus}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:ores/h|substitutio=plena}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">Iesus de cruce demissus</cite></dfn></syntaxhighlight> *:: ↳ {{Res de opere|propositum=exhibitio|Iesus de cruce demissus}} Cum in pagina “[[Dr. Strangelove]]” adhibeatur: * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:ores/h|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}}</syntaxhighlight> *:: ↳ {{Res de opere|propositum=exhibitio|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{subst:ores/h|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb|substitutio=plena}}</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; cursor: help;" title="Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb"><cite style="font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;">Dr. Strangelove</cite></dfn></syntaxhighlight> *:: ↳ {{Res de opere|propositum=exhibitio|Dr. Strangelove|plene=Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb}} == Synonyma == * {{Fsn|Res de opere/Haec}} * {{Fsn|Res de opere/h}} * {{Fsn|Res de opere/H}} * {{Fsn|Ores/haec}} * {{Fsn|Ores/Haec}} * {{Fsn|Ores/h}} * {{Fsn|Ores/H}} == Vide quoque == * {{Fn|Res/haec}} * {{Fn|Res de opere}} rn187qmyuq4din6r81hz1qwh9x2itod Prima domina 0 316387 3981839 3879962 2026-08-17T21:04:11Z Grufo 64423 De categoriis 3981839 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Fasciculus:PRIMA DONNA (Ship) (c112-02-14).jpg|thumb|Prima domina charta {{Creanda|en|Clipper|Navis clipperana|navis clipperana}}.]] [[Fasciculus:Nita Carritte, Musical Courier, 27 July 1895.png|thumb|upright=0.8|Nita Carritte, prima domina, [[Carl Rosa Opera Company]], 1895.]] '''Prima domina'''{{Convertimus}} ([[Italiane]] ''primadonna'') in [[opera]] et [[comoedia artis]] est principalis [[cantrix]] in societate operatica, [[mulier]] cui dantur primae [[dramatis personae]]. {{NexInt}} *[[Narcissismus]] ==Notae== <references/> ==Bibliographia== *Christiansen. Rupert. [[1984]]. ''Prima Donna: A History.'' Londinii: The Bodley Head. ISBN 0-370-30550-7. Novi Eboraci: Viking, 1985. ISBN 0-670-80482-7. *Somerset-Ward, Richard. [[2004]]. ''Angels and Monsters: Male and Female Sopranos in the Story of Opera, 1600-1900.'' Portu Novo: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-09968-1. {{stipula}} [[Categoria:Cantores]] [[Categoria:Comoedia artis]] [[Categoria:Narcissismus]] [[Categoria:Operae]] 1qzicy8fslos9wqrojoysz44vdb0wj0 Formula:De hac redirectione/tabula 10 321031 3981851 3981596 2026-08-17T21:14:05Z Grufo 64423 De redirectionibus in spatio nominali categoriarum 3981851 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Capsa {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{TALKSPACE}}|disputationis|annuntiationis}} | imago = Soft redirect arrow.svg | color = #3366aa | 1 = {{#ifeq:{{{namespace|}}}|14 | ; Haec est categoria [[Vicipaedia:redirectio|redirectionis]] : Ad categorias [[Vicipaedia Latina|Vicipaediae Latinae]] explorandas, “'''{{{sourcePage}}}'''” et “'''[[:{{{fullText}}}]]'''” tamquam synonyma tractantur, sed opus est hanc categoriam nullam paginam neque subcategoriam continere.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Categoria:Categoriae redirectionis]]{{#ifeq:{{PAGESINCATEGORY:{{PAGENAME}}|all}}|0||[[Categoria:Categoriae redirectionis non vacuae]]}}}} | {{#if:{{{fragment|}}} | ; Haec est [[Vicipaedia:redirectio|redirectio]] ad capitulum : Haec pagina ad capitulum '''[[{{{prefixedText|}}}#{{{fragment}}}|{{{prefixedText|}}} § {{{fragment}}}]]''' redigit.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Redirectiones ad capitula]]}} | ; Haec est [[Vicipaedia:redirectio|redirectio]] : In [[Vicipaedia Latina]] {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACENUMBER:{{{sourcePage}}}}}|10 | formulae &#123;&#123;'''{{PAGENAME:{{{sourcePage}}}}}'''&#125;&#125; et &#123;&#123;'''{{#ifeq:{{{namespace|}}}|10 | [[:{{{fullText}}}|{{{text}}}]] | [[:{{{fullText}}}]] }}'''&#125;&#125; | “'''{{{sourcePage}}}'''” et “'''[[:{{{fullText}}}]]'''” }} tamquam synonyma tractantur. }} }}{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{TALKSPACE}} | {{#ifeq:{{{namespace|}}}|119 | ; Disputationes ad [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio|adumbrationem]] coniunctae : Quum pagina coniuncta in [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatio nominali]] adumbrationum adhuc paretur, disputationes ibidem inveniuntur. | {{#ifeq:{{{namespace|}}}|{{NAMESPACENUMBER:{{{sourcePage}}}}} | | ; Disputationes ad aliud spatium nominale motae : Haec pagina disputationis ad aliud [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatium nominale]] redigit. }}{{#ifeq:{{{ratio|}}}|collectio | ; Disputationes in singulum locum collectae : Haec pagina disputationis ad alias disputationes redigit, quia [[:{{SUBJECTPAGENAME:{{{sourcePage}}}}}|pagina coniuncta]] est pars alicuius rei maioris vel illic sunt relatae disputationes quae saepius visitantur. | {{#ifeq:{{#invoke:string|find|{{{sourcePage}}}|{{{fullText}}}|1|true}}|1 | ; Disputationes in singulum locum collectae : Haec pagina disputationis ad alias disputationes redigit, quia [[:{{SUBJECTPAGENAME:{{{sourcePage}}}}}|pagina coniuncta]] est subpagina alicuius paginae maioris. | {{#switch:{{#invoke:redirection|get_target_page|{{SUBJECTPAGENAME:{{{sourcePage}}}}}}} | {{#ifeq:{{{namespace|}}}|{{NAMESPACENUMBER:{{{sourcePage}}}}} | {{SUBJECTPAGENAME:{{{fullText}}}}} | ! }} = ; Disputationes unā cum pagina annexa motae : Haec pagina disputationis ad alias disputationes redigit, quia unā cum pagina annexa mota est. | = ; Disputationes in singulum locum collectae : Haec pagina disputationis ad alias disputationes redigit.[[Categoria:Paginae disputationis quae sunt redirectiones etiamsi paginam habent]] | #default = ; Redirectio incongruens : Haec redirectio paginae annexae non congruit. Fortasse per errorem creata est.[[Categoria:Paginae disputationis quae male redigunt]] }} }} }} }} | {{#if:{{#invoke:params|new|pulling|sourcePage|with_value_matching|^%s*VP:%S|or|^%s*A:%S|value_of|sourcePage}} | ; Hoc est compendium : [[Vicipaedia:Compendium|Compendia]] sunt nexūs breves qui accessum facilem ad paginas praebent. Paginae in [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatio nominali]] encyclopaedico non solent fieri compendia, multa autem sunt compendia paginarum quae in spatiis nominalibus <code>Vicipaedia:</code> et <code>Auxilium:</code> iacent.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Compendia]]}} | {{#ifeq:{{{namespace|}}}|118 | ; Haec pagina ad [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio|adumbrationem]] redigit : Haec pagina {{#ifeq:{{{text}}}|{{{sourcePage}}}|in|(sub titulo “{{{text}}})” in}} [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatio nominali]] adumbrationum adhuc paratur.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Adumbrationes in locum paginarum substitutae]]}} | {{#ifeq:{{{namespace|}}}|{{NAMESPACENUMBER:{{{sourcePage}}}}} | | {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACENUMBER:{{{sourcePage}}}}}|118 | ; Haec fuit adumbratio : Pagina “[[:{{{fullText}}}]]” olim hic parata est.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Adumbrationes perfectae]]}} | ; Redirectio ad aliud spatium nominale : Haec pagina ad aliud [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatium nominale]] redigit. }} }} }} }} }}{{#if:{{{qid|}}} | ; Haec redirectio est ad [[Vicidata]] annexa : Entitas Vicidatorum [[:d:{{{qid}}}|{{Sin secus|{{#invoke:vicidata|appellatio|tessera={{{qid}}}}}|{{{qid}}}|“|” <small>({{{qid}}})</small>}}]] huic redirectioni nectitur. Quod indicare solet hanc redirectionem esse caducam et paginam Latinam quae talem entitatem interpretatur hic exspectari. }}{{#if:{{{recensio|}}} | ; Olim haec redirectio fuit {{#switch:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}} | 0 = commentatio | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 101 | 119 | 711 | 829 = pagina disputationis | 6 = fasciculus | 10 = formula | 828 = modulus | 14 = categoria | #default = pagina }} : Haec [[Specialis:PermanentLink/{{{recensio}}}|fuit {{#switch:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}} | 0 = commentatio | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 101 | 119 | 711 | 829 = pagina disputationis | 6 = fasciculus | 10 = formula | 828 = modulus | 14 = categoria | #default = pagina }}]], quae [[Special:PageHistory/{{{sourcePage}}}|postea]] facta est redirectio.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Redirectiones quae olim fuerunt paginae]]}} | {{#ifeq:{{{olim|}}}|pagina | ; Olim haec redirectio fuit {{#switch:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}} | 0 = commentatio | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 101 | 119 | 711 | 829 = pagina disputationis | 6 = fasciculus | 10 = formula | 828 = modulus | 14 = categoria | #default = pagina }} : Haec fuit {{#switch:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}} | 0 = commentatio | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 101 | 119 | 711 | 829 = pagina disputationis | 6 = fasciculus | 10 = formula | 828 = modulus | 14 = categoria | #default = pagina }}, quae [[Special:PageHistory/{{{sourcePage}}}|postea]] facta est redirectio.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Redirectiones quae olim fuerunt paginae]]}} }} }}{{#ifeq:{{{subpageText|}}}|{{{text|}}} | | ; Haec est redirectio ad [[Vicipaedia:Subpaginae|subpaginam]] : Pagina “'''[[:{{{fullText|}}}|/{{{subpageText|}}}]]'''” sub pagina “'''[[:{{#if:{{{nsText|}}}|{{{nsText}}}:}}{{{baseText|}}}]]'''” iacet }}{{#if:{{{cum-disputationibus|}}} | ; Huic redirectioni sunt disputationes : De hac pagina [[{{TALKPAGENAME:{{{sourcePage}}}}}|disputatum est]].{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Redirectiones cum disputationibus]]}} }}{{#switch:{{{protectio|}}} | partialis = ; Haec redirectio partim protegitur : [[Formula:Invitatio|Ustricibus usoribusque ignotis]] {{#ifeq:{{PROTECTIONEXPIRY:edit}}|infinity|hoc tempore|'''intra horam {{#time:H:i \d\i\e\i [[j xg]] [[Y]]|{{PROTECTIONEXPIRY:edit}}}}'''}} [[Vicipaedia:Paginae protectae|non licet]] hanc paginam recensere. Si nomine Vicipaediano cares, quaesumus ut emendationes in {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{TALKSPACE}}|[[Vicipaedia:Taberna|nostra Taberna]]|[[{{TALKPAGENAME:{{{sourcePage}}}}}|pagina disputationis]]}} proponas vel nomen [[Special:Userlogin|crees]].{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae semi-protectae]]}} | plena = ; Haec redirectio protegitur : Ob [[Vicipaedia:Malefactor|maleficia]] perpetua haec pagina {{#ifeq:{{PROTECTIONEXPIRY:edit}}|infinity|ad tempus|intra horam {{#time:H:i \d\i\e\i [[j xg]] [[Y]]|{{PROTECTIONEXPIRY:edit}}}}}} [[Vicipaedia:Paginae protectae|protecta]] est. Suggere, quaesemus, emendationes in {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{TALKSPACE}}|[[Vicipaedia:Taberna|nostra Taberna]]|[[{{TALKPAGENAME:{{{sourcePage}}}}}|pagina disputationis]]}}, vel pete a [[Vicipaedia:Magistratus|magistratu]] ut pagina deprotegatur.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae protectae]]}} }}{{#switch: {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:params|new| pulling|fullText| pulling|sourcePage| with_value_matching|%s+%(discretiva%)$|or|%s+%(discretio%)$|or|%s+%(nomen%)$|or|%s+%(praenomen%)$|or|%s+%(cognomen%)$| mapping_by_mixing|1| providing|fullText|0| providing|sourcePage|0| all_sorted| list_values }} | 01 = ; Redirectio antidiscretiva : Haec pagina discretiva ad paginam '''non discretivam''' aut '''tacite discretivam''' redigit.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae discretivae quae sunt redirectiones]]}} | 10 = ; Redirectio ad paginam discretivam : Haec pagina ad [[Vicipaedia:Discretio|paginam discretivam]] redigit.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Redirectiones ad paginas discretivas]]}}{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Tituli ambigui]]}} | 11 = ; Redirectio discretiva : Haec pagina discretiva ad aliam [[Vicipaedia:Discretio|paginam discretivam]] redigit.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae discretivae quae sunt redirectiones]][[Categoria:Redirectiones ad paginas discretivas]]}} }}{{#if:{{{annotatio|}}} | ; Annotatio de hac redirectione addita est {{Vitta sententiae|color=#fff|1={{{annotatio}}}}} }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|contenta={{Formula machinaria}}}}</noinclude> tptjpuozgbau77ofl5oqkkvccgw82ip 3981960 3981851 2026-08-18T02:05:44Z Grufo 64423 Nomina categoriarum mutavi; minima 3981960 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{Capsa {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{TALKSPACE}}|disputationis|annuntiationis}} | imago = Soft redirect arrow.svg | color = #3366aa | 1 = {{#ifeq:{{{namespace|}}}|14 | ; Haec est categoria [[Vicipaedia:redirectio|redirectionis]] : Ad categorias [[Vicipaedia Latina|Vicipaediae Latinae]] explorandas, “'''{{{sourcePage}}}'''” et “'''[[:{{{fullText}}}]]'''” tamquam synonyma tractantur. Oportet tamen hanc categoriam nullam paginam neque subcategoriam continere.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Categoriae quae sunt redirectiones]]{{#ifeq:{{PAGESINCATEGORY:{{PAGENAME}}|all}}|0||[[Categoria:Categoriae non vacuae quae sunt redirectiones]]}}}} | {{#if:{{{fragment|}}} | ; Haec est [[Vicipaedia:redirectio|redirectio]] ad capitulum : Haec pagina ad capitulum '''[[{{{prefixedText|}}}#{{{fragment}}}|{{{prefixedText|}}} § {{{fragment}}}]]''' redigit.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Redirectiones ad capitula]]}} | ; Haec est [[Vicipaedia:redirectio|redirectio]] : In [[Vicipaedia Latina]] {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACENUMBER:{{{sourcePage}}}}}|10 | formulae &#123;&#123;'''{{PAGENAME:{{{sourcePage}}}}}'''&#125;&#125; et &#123;&#123;'''{{#ifeq:{{{namespace|}}}|10 | [[:{{{fullText}}}|{{{text}}}]] | [[:{{{fullText}}}]] }}'''&#125;&#125; | “'''{{{sourcePage}}}'''” et “'''[[:{{{fullText}}}]]'''” }} tamquam synonyma tractantur. }} }}{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{TALKSPACE}} | {{#ifeq:{{{namespace|}}}|119 | ; Disputationes ad [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio|adumbrationem]] coniunctae : Quum pagina coniuncta in [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatio nominali]] adumbrationum adhuc paretur, disputationes ibidem inveniuntur. | {{#ifeq:{{{namespace|}}}|{{NAMESPACENUMBER:{{{sourcePage}}}}} | | ; Disputationes ad aliud spatium nominale motae : Haec pagina disputationis ad aliud [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatium nominale]] redigit. }}{{#ifeq:{{{ratio|}}}|collectio | ; Disputationes in singulum locum collectae : Haec pagina disputationis ad alias disputationes redigit, quia [[:{{SUBJECTPAGENAME:{{{sourcePage}}}}}|pagina coniuncta]] est pars alicuius rei maioris vel illic sunt relatae disputationes quae saepius visitantur. | {{#ifeq:{{#invoke:string|find|{{{sourcePage}}}|{{{fullText}}}|1|true}}|1 | ; Disputationes in singulum locum collectae : Haec pagina disputationis ad alias disputationes redigit, quia [[:{{SUBJECTPAGENAME:{{{sourcePage}}}}}|pagina coniuncta]] est subpagina alicuius paginae maioris. | {{#switch:{{#invoke:redirection|get_target_page|{{SUBJECTPAGENAME:{{{sourcePage}}}}}}} | {{#ifeq:{{{namespace|}}}|{{NAMESPACENUMBER:{{{sourcePage}}}}} | {{SUBJECTPAGENAME:{{{fullText}}}}} | ! }} = ; Disputationes unā cum pagina annexa motae : Haec pagina disputationis ad alias disputationes redigit, quia unā cum pagina annexa mota est. | = ; Disputationes in singulum locum collectae : Haec pagina disputationis ad alias disputationes redigit.[[Categoria:Paginae disputationis quae sunt redirectiones etiamsi paginam habent]] | #default = ; Redirectio incongruens : Haec redirectio paginae annexae non congruit. Fortasse per errorem creata est.[[Categoria:Paginae disputationis quae male redigunt]] }} }} }} }} | {{#if:{{#invoke:params|new|pulling|sourcePage|with_value_matching|^%s*VP:%S|or|^%s*A:%S|value_of|sourcePage}} | ; Hoc est compendium : [[Vicipaedia:Compendium|Compendia]] sunt nexūs breves qui accessum facilem ad paginas praebent. Paginae in [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatio nominali]] encyclopaedico non solent fieri compendia, multa autem sunt compendia paginarum quae in spatiis nominalibus <code>Vicipaedia:</code> et <code>Auxilium:</code> iacent.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Compendia]]}} | {{#ifeq:{{{namespace|}}}|118 | ; Haec pagina ad [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio|adumbrationem]] redigit : Haec pagina {{#ifeq:{{{text}}}|{{{sourcePage}}}|in|(sub titulo “{{{text}}})” in}} [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatio nominali]] adumbrationum adhuc paratur.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Adumbrationes in locum paginarum substitutae]]}} | {{#ifeq:{{{namespace|}}}|{{NAMESPACENUMBER:{{{sourcePage}}}}} | | {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACENUMBER:{{{sourcePage}}}}}|118 | ; Haec fuit adumbratio : Pagina “[[:{{{fullText}}}]]” olim hic parata est.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Adumbrationes perfectae]]}} | ; Redirectio ad aliud spatium nominale : Haec pagina ad aliud [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatium nominale]] redigit. }} }} }} }} }}{{#if:{{{qid|}}} | ; Haec redirectio est ad [[Vicidata]] annexa : Entitas Vicidatorum [[:d:{{{qid}}}|{{Sin secus|{{#invoke:vicidata|appellatio|tessera={{{qid}}}}}|{{{qid}}}|“|” <small>({{{qid}}})</small>}}]] huic redirectioni nectitur. Quod indicare solet hanc redirectionem esse caducam et paginam Latinam quae talem entitatem interpretatur hic exspectari. }}{{#if:{{{recensio|}}} | ; Olim haec redirectio fuit {{#switch:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}} | 0 = commentatio | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 101 | 119 | 711 | 829 = pagina disputationis | 6 = fasciculus | 10 = formula | 828 = modulus | 14 = categoria | #default = pagina }} : Haec [[Specialis:PermanentLink/{{{recensio}}}|fuit {{#switch:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}} | 0 = commentatio | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 101 | 119 | 711 | 829 = pagina disputationis | 6 = fasciculus | 10 = formula | 828 = modulus | 14 = categoria | #default = pagina }}]], quae [[Special:PageHistory/{{{sourcePage}}}|postea]] facta est redirectio.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Redirectiones quae olim fuerunt paginae]]}} | {{#ifeq:{{{olim|}}}|pagina | ; Olim haec redirectio fuit {{#switch:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}} | 0 = commentatio | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 101 | 119 | 711 | 829 = pagina disputationis | 6 = fasciculus | 10 = formula | 828 = modulus | 14 = categoria | #default = pagina }} : Haec fuit {{#switch:{{NAMESPACENUMBER}} | 0 = commentatio | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 101 | 119 | 711 | 829 = pagina disputationis | 6 = fasciculus | 10 = formula | 828 = modulus | 14 = categoria | #default = pagina }}, quae [[Special:PageHistory/{{{sourcePage}}}|postea]] facta est redirectio.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Redirectiones quae olim fuerunt paginae]]}} }} }}{{#ifeq:{{{subpageText|}}}|{{{text|}}} | | ; Haec est redirectio ad [[Vicipaedia:Subpaginae|subpaginam]] : Pagina “'''[[:{{{fullText|}}}|/{{{subpageText|}}}]]'''” sub pagina “'''[[:{{#if:{{{nsText|}}}|{{{nsText}}}:}}{{{baseText|}}}]]'''” iacet }}{{#if:{{{cum-disputationibus|}}} | ; Huic redirectioni sunt disputationes : De hac pagina [[{{TALKPAGENAME:{{{sourcePage}}}}}|disputatum est]].{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Redirectiones cum disputationibus]]}} }}{{#switch:{{{protectio|}}} | partialis = ; Haec redirectio partim protegitur : [[Formula:Invitatio|Ustricibus usoribusque ignotis]] {{#ifeq:{{PROTECTIONEXPIRY:edit}}|infinity|hoc tempore|'''intra horam {{#time:H:i \d\i\e\i [[j xg]] [[Y]]|{{PROTECTIONEXPIRY:edit}}}}'''}} [[Vicipaedia:Paginae protectae|non licet]] hanc paginam recensere. Si nomine Vicipaediano cares, quaesumus ut emendationes in {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{TALKSPACE}}|[[Vicipaedia:Taberna|nostra Taberna]]|[[{{TALKPAGENAME:{{{sourcePage}}}}}|pagina disputationis]]}} proponas vel nomen [[Special:Userlogin|crees]].{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae semi-protectae]]}} | plena = ; Haec redirectio protegitur : Ob [[Vicipaedia:Malefactor|maleficia]] perpetua haec pagina {{#ifeq:{{PROTECTIONEXPIRY:edit}}|infinity|ad tempus|intra horam {{#time:H:i \d\i\e\i [[j xg]] [[Y]]|{{PROTECTIONEXPIRY:edit}}}}}} [[Vicipaedia:Paginae protectae|protecta]] est. Suggere, quaesemus, emendationes in {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{TALKSPACE}}|[[Vicipaedia:Taberna|nostra Taberna]]|[[{{TALKPAGENAME:{{{sourcePage}}}}}|pagina disputationis]]}}, vel pete a [[Vicipaedia:Magistratus|magistratu]] ut pagina deprotegatur.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae protectae]]}} }}{{#switch: {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:params|new| pulling|fullText| pulling|sourcePage| with_value_matching|%s+%(discretiva%)$|or|%s+%(discretio%)$|or|%s+%(nomen%)$|or|%s+%(praenomen%)$|or|%s+%(cognomen%)$| mapping_by_mixing|1| providing|fullText|0| providing|sourcePage|0| all_sorted| list_values }} | 01 = ; Redirectio antidiscretiva : Haec pagina discretiva ad paginam '''non discretivam''' aut '''tacite discretivam''' redigit.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae discretivae quae sunt redirectiones]]}} | 10 = ; Redirectio ad paginam discretivam : Haec pagina ad [[Vicipaedia:Discretio|paginam discretivam]] redigit.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Redirectiones ad paginas discretivas]]}}{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Tituli ambigui]]}} | 11 = ; Redirectio discretiva : Haec pagina discretiva ad aliam [[Vicipaedia:Discretio|paginam discretivam]] redigit.{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Paginae discretivae quae sunt redirectiones]][[Categoria:Redirectiones ad paginas discretivas]]}} }}{{#if:{{{annotatio|}}} | ; Annotatio de hac redirectione addita est {{Vitta sententiae|color=#fff|1={{{annotatio}}}}} }} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|contenta={{Formula machinaria}}}}</noinclude> fsfn7m888pl2oxgdb7sd2j298l6plsa Formula:De hac redirectione/doc 10 321032 3981967 3981592 2026-08-18T02:11:30Z Grufo 64423 +Cat 3981967 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Lua|Modulus:Params|Modulus:Redirection|Modulus:String|Modulus:Vicidata}} Haec capsa paginis redirectionis addi potest. In simplicibus redirectionibus non requiritur, sed oportet eam inserere: {{De hac redirectione/quando}} Haec formula pluribus categoriis vestigatoriis utitur—vide [[#categoriae-vestigatoriae|indicem]] hic infra. {{Nota bene}} Aliquando, quum paginae moventur, [[Auxilium:Substitutio|substitutio]] systematis {{Fsn|Postilla redirectionis}} hanc capsam sua sponte inserit. == De usu == Formula argumenta facultativa tria tantum accipit ({{para|ratio}}, {{para|olim}}) et {{para|annotatio}}). '''Vicitextus ({{*eg}} in pagina “{{rns|Apollonius Syrus}}”):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">#REDIRECT [[Historia Augusta]] {{De hac redirectione}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {{De hac redirectione/tabula|propositum=exhibitio|qid=Q4068055|sourcePage=Apollonius Syrus|fullText=Historia Augusta|fragment=|prefixedText=Historia Augusta|olim=}} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus ({{*eg}} in pagina “{{rns|Catamarca (provincia)}}”):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">#REDIRECT [[Argentina#Divisio administrativa]] {{De hac redirectione}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {{De hac redirectione/tabula|propositum=exhibitio|qid=Q4068055|sourcePage=Catamarca (provincia)|fullText=Argentina|fragment=Divisio administrativa|prefixedText=Argentina|olim=}} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus ({{*eg}} in pagina “{{rns|VP:1000}}”):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">#REDIRECT [[Vicipaedia:1000 paginae]] {{De hac redirectione}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {{De hac redirectione/tabula|propositum=exhibitio|qid=|sourcePage=VP:1000|fullText=Vicipaedia:1000 paginae|fragment=Vicipaedia:1000 paginae|prefixedText=|olim=}} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus ({{*eg}} in pagina “{{rns|Adfixum}}”):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">#REDIRECT [[Affixum]] {{De hac redirectione|olim=2434003}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {{De hac redirectione/tabula|propositum=exhibitio|qid=|sourcePage=Adfixum|fullText=Affixum|fragment=|prefixedText=Affixum|olim=2434003|recensio=2434003}} {{Ast}} '''Vicitextus ({{*eg}} in pagina “{{rns|Adfixum}}”):''' <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">#REDIRECT [[Affixum]] {{De hac redirectione|olim=pagina}}</syntaxhighlight> '''Effectus:''' {{De hac redirectione/tabula|propositum=exhibitio|qid=|sourcePage=Adfixum|fullText=Affixum|fragment=|prefixedText=Affixum|olim=pagina}} == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec capsa paginis redirectionis addi potest.", "params": { "ratio": { "label": "Ratio", "description": "Scribe ‘ratio=collectio’ si pagina disputationis ad disputationes in singulum locum collectas redigit", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "collectio" }, "olim": { "label": "Olim", "description": "Scribe ‘olim=pagina’ aut ‘olim=[NUMERUS RECENSIONIS]’ si redirectio erat pagina cum sua historia", "type": "string", "required": false, "example": "pagina" }, "annotatio": { "label": "Annotatio", "description": "Annotatio de hac redirectione", "type": "content", "required": false, "example": "Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres." } } }</templatedata> == Subformulae auxiliares == * &#123;&#123;{{rel|Formula:De hac redirectione/tabula}}&#125;&#125; == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae | #ancora = categoriae-vestigatoriae | Adumbrationes perfectae | Categoriae non vacuae quae sunt redirectiones | Categoriae quae sunt redirectiones | Compendia | Paginae discretivae quae sunt redirectiones | Redirectiones ad paginas discretivas | Adumbrationes in locum paginarum substitutae | Paginae protectae | Paginae disputationis quae male redigunt | Paginae disputationis quae sunt redirectiones etiamsi paginam habent | Paginae semi-protectae | Redirectiones ad capitula | Redirectiones cum disputationibus | Redirectiones quae olim fuerunt paginae | Tituli ambigui }} * [[:Categoria:Redirectiones ad Vicidata annexae]] * [[Vicipaedia:Redirectio]] * {{Fn|Redirectio obliqua}} * {{Fn|Nondum}} * {{Fn|Pagina protecta}} * {{Fn|Disputationes redirectionem comitantes}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae monituum nuntiorumque|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae Vicidatorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae nexuales|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 2mkyb8ka1a2ogs5cnbp9tev0ctoqb8z Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici 4 322505 3981838 3980355 2026-08-17T21:02:53Z MediaWiki message delivery 62628 /* Tech News: 2026-34 */ nova pars 3981838 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__<nowiki />[[Categoria:Vicipaedia]][[Categoria:Fora Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]]{{Capsa paginae|1= Haec pagina nuntios technicos qui e [[MediaVici]] proveniunt praebet. Vide etiam [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2016|nuntios anni 2016]], [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2017|nuntios anni 2017]], [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2018|nuntios anni 2018]], [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2019|nuntios anni 2019]], [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2020|nuntios anni 2020]], [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2021|nuntios anni 2021]], [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2022|nuntios anni 2022]], [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2023|nuntios anni 2023]], [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2024|nuntios anni 2024]] et [[Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2025|nuntios anni 2025]]. }} == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-03</span> == {{Accepta|Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2025|Tech News: 2026-03|Nuntia ad novum annum mota --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]]}} <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W03"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product & Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. '''Updates for editors''' * As part of the current work of Community Tech team on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W372|Multiple watchlists]] project, the display of [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]] will be updated as a first step towards multiple watchlists. Additionally, the pagination on [[Special:Search|Search]] will be updated too, as a part of the work on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W186|Revamp pagination / page navigation]] wish. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411596] * [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] is a MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that lets you see your watchlists from different wikis on the same page. It was recently updated to look more like the regular [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]], such as preparing it for temporary accounts in IP masking (including rerouting user links to contributions pages), making page titles bold, and opening links in edit summaries and tags in new browser tabs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398361][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298919][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273526][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286309] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where global blocks did not have the option to disable sending emails, has now been fixed, and will be available for use in the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401293] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Citation tool|VisualEditor citation tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] now support "map" as a reference type. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411083] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]/[[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.11|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W03"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:32, 12 Ianuarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29907192 --> == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == {{Accepta|Vicipaedia:Nuntii Technici/2025|Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Nuntium ad novum annum motum --[[Usor:Grufo|Grufo]]}} Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 Ianuarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon == <div style="border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;"> [[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]] ::<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> ;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 Dear Wiki Community, We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia. The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects. ;About the Campaign '''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices. ;What Can Participants Write About? Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to: * Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations * Folk dances, music, and traditional performances * Women and queer figures in folklore * Women in mythology and oral traditions * Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives * Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends * Folk games, sports, and cultural practices Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools. ;How to Sign Up as an Organizer Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community: # Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] # Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool # Prepare a local article list and clearly mention: #* Campaign timeline #* Local and international prizes # Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]] # Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]''' ;Campaign Tools The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants: * '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats. * '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]''' ;Learn More & Get Support For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''. If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via: * '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]''' * Email us using details on the contact page. ;Join Us We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia. Thank you and best wishes, '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]''' ---- ''Stay connected:'' [[File:B&W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&nbsp; [[File:B&W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]] </div></div> == Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> <div style="text-align: center; width: 100%;">''{{int:please-translate}}''</div> [[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]] Hello everyone, We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe. ;About Wiki Loves Folklore '''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight: * Folk traditions and rituals * Cultural festivals and celebrations * Traditional attire and crafts * Performing arts, music, and dance * Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world. [[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] ; Host a Local Edition As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to: * Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture * Engage new contributors in your community * Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:''' If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know. If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region. ;Get in Touch If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via: * The project Talk pages * Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org''' We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail. Warm regards, '''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team''' </div> [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 13:21, 18 Ianuarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Tiven2240@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&oldid=29228188 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-04</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W04"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The tray shown on [[Special:Diff|Special:Diff]] in mobile view has been redesigned. It is now collapsed by default, and incorporates a link to undo the edit being viewed, making it easier for mobile editors and reviewers to take action while keeping the interface uncluttered. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402297] * [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now automatically determines the text direction (ensuring correct display of sites with unusual domain names) and shows detailed descriptions for log actions. Later this week, a new permanent link for page creations and CSS classes for each entry element will be added. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T412505][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287929][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262768][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414135] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the previously observed issue in Vector 2022, where anchor link targets were obscured by the sticky header, has now been addressed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406114] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As mentioned in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|October 2025 deprecation announcement]], MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin sunsetting all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the MediaWiki REST API the week of January 26. Changes are expected to roll out to all wikis on or before January 30th. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found, compared, and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox]. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in Phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board]. * Interactive reference documentation for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia REST API|Wikimedia REST API]] has moved. Requests to API docs previously hosted through [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase|RESTBase]] (e.g.: <code dir=ltr>https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/</code>) are now redirected to the [[w:en:Special:RestSandbox|REST Sandbox]]. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] (WDP) has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|January 2026 newsletter]]. It includes updates on the legacy full-graph endpoint decommissioning, the User-Agent policy change, the monthly Blazegraph migration office hours, and efforts to reduce regressions caused by the legacy endpoint shutdown. As a reminder, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|subscribe to the WDP newsletter]]! * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.12|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications opened mid-December and will close soon or when capacity is reached. It's a two-day, technically oriented hackathon bringing together Wikimedians from the region. Hope to see you there! '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W04"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:29, 19 Ianuarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29943403 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> 21:01, 19 Ianuarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-05</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W05"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * Wikimedia Foundation invites comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Year1 Reflections and Proposed Way Forward 2026 Update|proposed future]] of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] until 28 February. * All users with registered accounts can now use passkeys for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). Passkeys are a simple way to log in without using a second device. They verify the user's identity using a fingerprint, face scan, or a PIN code. To set up a passkey, first set up a regular 2FA method. Currently, to log in with a passkey, users must also use a password. Later this quarter, passwordless login will allow users to log in with a single click and a passkey. Users with advanced rights will also be required to have 2FA enabled. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project. * Unregistered contributors on blocked IPs or blocked IP ranges can now interact on-wiki to appeal a block by creating a temporary account to appeal a block on the user talk page, unless the "prevent this user from editing their own talk page" is enabled. This solves the problem of logged-out users unable to use the default unblock process via user talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398673] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) methods description on the management page has been updated. It is now clearer and easier for users to understand and make use of. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332385] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * A new AbuseFilter variable, <code>account_type</code>, has been added to provide a reliable way to determine the account type being created in the <code>createaccount</code> and <code>autocreateaccount</code> actions. As part of this change, the variable <code>accountname</code> has been renamed to <code>account_name</code>, and <code>accountname</code> is now deprecated. Edit filter managers should update any filters that use hardcoded account type checks or the deprecated variable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414049] * Image thumbnails that are requested in non-standard sizes, and using non-standard methods such as direct requests to <code dir=ltr><nowiki>upload.wikimedia.org/…</nowiki></code> will stop working in the near future. This change is to prevent ongoing external abuse by web-scrapers and bots. Some users with custom CSS/JS, Interface Admins who can fix gadgets and local skins, and Tool-authors, will need to update their code to use standard thumbnail sizes. [[phab:T414805|Details, search-links, and examples of how to fix them, are available in the task]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.13|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W05"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:17, 26 Ianuarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=29969530 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-06</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W06"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The "{{int:pageinfo-toolboxlink}}" feature, which gives validating information about a page ([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=info}} example]), now automatically includes a table of contents. If there is a local [[{{ns:8}}:Pageinfo-header]] page created by individual users, it can now be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363726] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, VisualEditor previously added bold or italic formatting inside link descriptions, making the wikicode complex. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409669] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * There was no XML dump on 20 January. Additionally, from now on, dumps will be generated once per month only. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414389] * The MediaWiki Interfaces team removed support for all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:REST%20API MediaWiki REST API]. All API users currently calling those endpoints are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.14|MediaWiki]] '''Weekly highlight''' * Users are reminded that the Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product & Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W06"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 17:43, 2 Februarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30000986 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-07</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W07"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Logged-in contributors who manage large or complex watchlists can now organise and filter watched pages in ways that improve their workflows with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]] feature. By adding custom labels (for example: pages you created, pages being monitored for vandalism, or discussion pages) users can more quickly identify what needs attention, reduce cognitive load, and respond more efficiently. This improves watchlist usability, especially for highly active editors. * A new feature available on [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] shows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] that are likely operated by the same person, and so makes patrolling less time-consuming. Upon checking contributions of a temporary account, users with access to temporary account IP addresses can now see a view of contributions from the related temporary accounts. The feature looks up all the IPs associated with a given temporary account within the data retention period and shows all the contributions of all temporary accounts that have used these IPs. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts#February 2026: Improvements to the patroller tooling|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415674] * When editors preview a wikitext edit, the reminder box that they are only seeing a preview (which is shown at the top), now has a grey/neutral background instead of a yellow/warning background. This makes it easier to distinguish preview notes from actual warnings (for example, edit conflicts or problematic redirect targets), which will now be shown in separate warning or error boxes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414742] * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now properly supports more than one Wikibase site, for example both [[d:|Wikidata]] and [[testwikidata:|testwikidata]]. In addition, issues regarding text direction have been fixed for users who prefer Wikidata or other Wikibase sites in right-to-left (RTL) languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415440][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415458] * The automatic "magic links" for ISBN, RFC, and PMID numbers have been [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic links|deprecated in wikitext since 2021]] due to inflexibility and difficulties with localization. Several wikis have successfully replaced RFC and PMID magic links with equivalent external links, but a template was often required to replace the functionality of the ISBN magic link. There is now a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#isbn|built-in parser function]] <code dir=ltr><nowiki>{{#isbn}}</nowiki></code> available to replace the basic functionality of the ISBN magic link. This makes it easier for wikis who wish to migrate off of the deprecated magic link functionality to do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145604] * Two new wikis have been created: ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35401|Jju]] ([[w:kaj:|<code>w:kaj:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413283] ** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q1186896|Nawat]] ([[w:ppl:|<code>w:ppl:</code>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413273] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * A new global user group has been created: [[{{int:grouppage-local-bot}}|{{int:group-local-bot}}]]. It will be used internally by the software to allow community bots to bypass rate limits that are applied to abusive [[w:en:Web scraping|web scrapers]]. Accounts that are approved as bots on at least one Wikimedia wiki will be automatically added to this group. It will not change what user permissions the bot has. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415588] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.15|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Spring 2026|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Spring 2026]] will be held March 25–27 in Salt Lake City, USA. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/AZBWVI46SDEB65PGR5J6E4TYOQQEZXM7/] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W07"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:29, 9 Februarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30026671 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-08</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W08"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Team]] will be performing a cleanup of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Etherpad|Etherpad]] instance, the web-based editor for real-time collaborative document editing. All pads will be permanently deleted after 30 April, 2026 – if there are still migration projects in progress at that point the team can revisit the date on a case by case basis. Please create local backups of any content you wish to keep, as deleted data cannot be recovered. This cleanup helps reduce database size and minimize infrastructure footprint. Etherpad will continue to support real-time collaboration, but long-term storage should not be expected. Additional cleanups may occur in the future without prior notice. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415237] '''Updates for editors''' * The Information Retrieval team will be launching an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Android mobile app experiment]] that tests hybrid search capabilities which can handle both semantic and keyword queries. The improvement of on-platform search will enable readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. The experiment will first be launched on Greek Wikipedia in late February, followed by English, French, and Portuguese in March. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/ Read more] on Diff blog. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Information_Retrieval] * The Reader Growth team will run [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.10.2 Mobile Table of Contents|an experiment]] for mobile web users, that adds a table of contents and automatically expands all article sections, to learn more about navigation issues they face. The test will be available on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. * Previously, site notices ([[{{ns:8}}:Sitenotice]] and [[{{ns:8}}:Anonnotice]]) would only render on the desktop site. Now, they will render on all platforms. Users on mobile web will now see these notices and be informed. Site administrators should be prepared to test and fix notices on mobile devices to avoid interference with articles. To opt out, interface admins can add <code dir="ltr">#siteNotice { display: none; }</code> to [[{{ns:8}}:Minerva.css]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138572][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416644] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue on [[Special:RecentChanges|Special:RecentChanges]] has been fixed. Previously, clicking hide in the active filters caused the "view new changes since…" button to disappear, though it should have remained visible. The button now behaves as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406339] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * New documentation is now available to help editors debug on-site search features. It supports troubleshooting when pages do not appear in results, when ranking seems unexpected, and when you need to inspect what content is being indexed, helping make search behavior easier to understand and analyze. [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/Debug|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411169] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.16|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W08"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:16, 16 Februarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30086330 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-09</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W09"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]] has been deployed to English Wikipedia, completing its rollout across all Wikipedias. The feature prompts newcomers to add a citation before publishing new content, helping reduce common citation-related reverts and improve verifiability. In A/B testing, the impact was substantial: newcomers shown Reference Check were approximately 2.2 times more likely to include a reference on desktop and about 17.5 times more likely on mobile web. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/reference_check_ab_test_report_final_2025.html] '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:InterwikiSorting|InterwikiSorting extension]], which allowed for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interwiki sorting order|sorting of interwiki links]], has been undeployed from Wikipedia. As a result, editors who had enabled interwiki link sorting in non-compact mode (full list format) will now see links reordered. The links moving forward will be listed in the alphabetical order of language code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253764] * Later this week, people who are editing a page-section using the mobile visual editor, will notice a new "Edit full page" button. When tapped, you will be able to edit the entire article. This helps when the change you want to make is outside the section you initially opened. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409112] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|The Reader Experience team]] is inviting editors to assess whether dark mode should still be considered "beta" on their wiki, based on their experience of how well it functions on desktop and mobile. If the feature is deemed mature, editors can update the interface messages in <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:skin-theme-description</code> and <code dir=ltr>MediaWiki:Vector-night-mode-beta-tag</code> to indicate that dark mode is ready and no longer considered beta. * The improved [[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Activity_Tab|Activity tab]] which displays user-insights is now available to all users of the Wikipedia iOS app (version 7.9.0 and later). Following earlier A/B testing that showed higher account creation among users with access to the feature, it has been rolled out to 100% of users along with some updates. The Activity tab now shows your edited articles in the timeline, offers editing impact insights like contribution counts and article view trends, and customization options to improve in-app experience for users. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug that prevented [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] from working on mobile has now been fixed, restoring full functionality. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415303] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that makes this possible continues to improve. The latest upgrade is the inclusion of a [[mw:Extension:GlobalWatchlist#hook|new hook]], <code dir=ltr>ext.globalwatchlist.rebuild</code>, which fires after each watchlist rebuild. This allows you to run gadgets and user scripts for the Special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275159] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.17|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W09"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:03, 23 Februarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30119102 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-10</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W10"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Wikipedia 25 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|Birthday mode]] is now live on Betawi, Breton, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, Gorontalo, Indonesian, Italian, Luxembourgish, Madurese, Sicilian, Spanish, Thai, and Vietnamese Wikipedias! This limited-time campaign feature celebrates 25 years of Wikipedia with a birthday mascot, Baby Globe. When turned on, Baby Globe is shown on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments/article configuration|~2,500 articles]], waiting to be discovered by readers. Communities can choose to turn Birthday mode on by getting consensus from their community and asking an admin to enable the feature and customize it via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#Community Configuration Demo|community configuration]] on the local wiki. '''Updates for editors''' * [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to Swedish Wikipedia, Polish Wikipedia and [[:phab:T418209|a couple of other wikis]]. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|try the feature]] on these projects or on testwiki and [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing betawiki]. Learnings from the first pilot wiki German Wikipedia have been [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published in a report]]. Reach out to the Wikimedia Deutschland team if you are [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|interested in becoming a pilot wiki]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Paste check|Paste Check]] will become available at all Wikipedias this week. The feature prompts newcomers who are pasting text they are not likely to have written into VisualEditor to consider whether doing so risks a copyright violation. Paste Check [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|tags]] all edits where it is shown for potential review. Local administrators can configure various aspects of the feature via [[{{#special:EditChecks}}]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#A/B Experiment|Research]] across 22 wikis found that Paste Check resulted in an 18% decrease in relative reverted-edits compared to the control group. Translators can [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&filter=&optional=1&action=translate help to localize] this and related features. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] will be standardizing the user menu in the top right for all mobile users so that it is closer to the desktop experience. Currently this user menu is only visible to users with Advanced Mobile Controls (AMC) turned on. The only change is that a couple buttons previously in the left-side menu will move to the top right for users who do not have AMC turned on. This change is expected to go out March 9 and seeks to improve the user interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413912] * Starting in the week of March 2, the emails sent out when an email address was added, removed, or changed for an account will switch to a substantially nicer and clearer HTML email from the prior plaintext one. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410807] * Notifications are currently limited to 2,000 historic entries per user, and extend back to 2013 when the feature was released. This is going to be changed to only store Notifications from the last 5 years, but up to 10,000 of them. This will help with long-term infrastructure health and help to prevent more recent notifications from disappearing too soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948] * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page continues to see improvements. The latest update improves label usage experience. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] now allows activating the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback languages|language fallback system]] for Wikidata items without labels in the viewed language, and showing those labels in the user’s preferred Wikidata language if no <code dir=ltr>uselang=</code> URL parameter is provided. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373686][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416111] * The Wikipedia Android team has started a beta test of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|hybrid search]] on Greek Wikipedia. Hybrid search capabilities can handle both semantic and keyword queries enabling readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. * For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Currently, 2FA is required to use the group, but not to be a member of it. Given that this model still has some vulnerabilities, the situation will [[phab:T418580|gradually change in March]]. Members of these groups will be unable to disable last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the second half of March, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. This applies to: CentralNotice administrators, checkusers, interface administrators, suppressors, Wikidata staff, Wikifunctions staff, WMF Office IT and WMF Trust & Safety. Nothing will change for other users. See the linked task for deployment schedule. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418580] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue preventing users from creating an instance in [https://www.wikibase.cloud/ Wikibase.cloud] has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416807] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], over the next month the Wikimedia Foundation will implement global API rate limits across our APIs. In early March, stricter limits will be applied to unidentified requests from outside Toolforge/WMCS and API requests that are made from web browsers. In April, higher limits will be applied to identified traffic. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]]. * The Wikidata Query Service Linked Data Fragment (LDF) endpoint will be decommissioned in February. This endpoint served limited traffic, which was successfully migrated to other data access methods that were better suited to support existing use cases. The hardware used to support the LDF endpoint will be reallocated to support the ongoing backend migration efforts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415696] * The new Parsoid parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], improving platform sustainability and making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. Parsoid is now the default parser on 488 WMF wikis (268 Wikipedias), now covering more than 10% of all Wikipedia page views. * The process and criteria for [[Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise#Access|requesting exceptional access]] to the high volume feed of the ''Wikimedia Enterprise'' APIs (at no cost for mission-aligned usecases), [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Enterprise#Exceptional access criteria|have now been published]]. This is to provide more thorough and clearer documentation for users. * [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/ Tech Blog], the blog dedicated to the Wikimedia technical community [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2026/02/24/a-tech-blog-diff/ will be migrating] to [[diffblog:|Diff]], the community news and event blog. The migration should be complete in April 2026, after which new posts will be accepted for publishing. Readers will be able to access posts – old and new – on the landing page at https://diff.wikimedia.org/techblog. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.18|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W10"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 17:51, 2 Martii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30137798 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-11</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W11"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies. * Last week, all wikis had 2 hours of read-only time, and extended unavailability for user-scripts and gadgets. This was due to a security incident which has since been resolved. Work is ongoing to prevent re-occurrences. For current information please see the [[m:Steward's noticeboard#Statement on Meta about today's user script security incident|post on the Stewards' noticeboard]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Product Safety and Integrity/March 2026 User Script Incident|translations]]). '''Updates for editors''' * Users facing multiple blocks on mobile will now see the reasons for each block separately, instead of a generic message. This helps them understand why they are blocked and what steps they can take to resolve the issue. For example, users affected for using common VPNs (such as [[Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|iCloud Private Relay]]) will receive clearer guidance on what they need to do to start editing again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357118] * Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] will become available as a beta feature within the visual editor at all Wikipedias. This feature proactively suggests various types of actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, and learn about related guidelines. The feature is locally configurable, and can also be locally expanded with custom Suggestions. Current settings can be seen at [[Special:EditChecks]] and there are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators %E2%80%93 local customization|instructions for how administrators can customize]] the links to point to local guidelines. The feature is connected to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit check]] which suggests improvements while someone is writing new content. In the future, the Editing team plans to evaluate the feature's impact with newcomers through a controlled experiment. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404600] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where the cursor became misaligned during the use of CodeMirror’s syntax highlighting, which makes wikitext and code easier to read, has now been fixed. This problem specifically affected users who defined a font rule in a custom stylesheet while creating a new topic with DiscussionTools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418793] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * API rate limiting update: To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], global API rate limits will be applied this week to requests without a compliant User-Agent that originate from outside Toolforge/WMCS and to unauthenticated requests made from web browsers. Higher limits will be applied to identified traffic in April. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]]. * The new GraphQL API has been released. The API was developed as a flexible alternative to select features of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS), to improve developer experience and foster adaptability, and efficient data access. Try it out and [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL#Feedback and development|give feedback]]. You can also [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply sign up for usability tests]. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|PTAC Unsupported Tools Working Group]] continued improvements to [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons#|Video2Commons]] in February, with fixes addressing authentication errors, large-file handling, task queue visibility, and clearer upload behavior. Work is still ongoing in some areas, including changes related to deprecated server-side uploads. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group#February 2026|this update]] to learn more. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.19|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The Article Guidance team invites experienced Wikipedia editors from selected [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators#Collaborators|pilot wikis]] and interested contributors from other Wikipedias to fill out this questionnaire which is available in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfmLeVWnxmsCbPoI_UF2jyRcn73WRGWCVPHzerXb4Cz97X_Ag/viewform English], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd6rzr4XXQw8r4024fE3geTPFe13M_6w7Mitj-YJi0sOlWTAw/viewform?usp=header Arabic], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdok3-RfB18lcugYTUMGkpwmqG_8p760Wv4dCXitOXOszjUDw/viewform?usp=header Bengali], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfjTfYp4jEo0akA4B1e-Nfg3QZPCudUjhJzHzzDi6AHyAaMGA/viewform?usp=header Japanese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScteVoI29Aue4xc72dekk-6RYtvmMgQxzMI900UOawrFrSTWg/viewform?usp=header Portuguese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSetdxnYwL3ub2vqA7awCg5hJZPMIYcDPaiTe12rY9h0GYnVlw/viewform?usp=header Persian], and [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScNvfJF-Ot-4pzA4qAN771_0QDJ4Li19YcUsaTgSKW8Nc7U_Q/viewform?usp=header Turkish]. Your answers will help the team customize guidance for less experienced editors and help them learn community policies and practices while creating an article. Learn more [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|on the project page]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W11"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:52, 9 Martii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30213008 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-12</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W12"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature, also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], has been used for wikitext syntax highlighting since November 2024. It will be promoted out of beta by May 2026 in order to bring improvements and new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Features|features]] to all editors who use the standard syntax highlighter. If you have any questions or concerns about promoting the feature out of beta, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|please share]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059] * Some changes to local user groups are performed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and logged there only. Now, interwiki rights changes will be logged both on Meta-Wiki and the wiki of the target user to make it easier to access a full record of user's rights changes on a local wiki. Past log entries for such changes will be backfilled in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6055] * On wikis using [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]], the number of pending changes shown on [[{{#Special:PendingChanges}}]] previously counted pages which were no longer pending review, because they have been removed from the system without being reviewed, e.g. due to being deleted, moved to a different namespace, or due to wiki configuration changes. The count will be correct now. On some wikis the number shown will be much smaller than before. There should be no change to the list of pages itself. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413016] * Wikifunctions composition language has been rewritten, resulting in a new version of the language. This change aims to increase service stability by reducing the orchestrator's memory consumption. This rewrite also enables substantial latency reduction, code simplification, and better abstractions, which will open the door to later feature additions. Read more about [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|the changes]]. * Users can now sort search results alphabetically by page title. The update gives an additional option to finding pages more easily and quickly. Previously, results could be sorted by Edit date, Creation date, or Relevance. To use the new option, open 'Advanced Search' on the search results page and select 'Alphabetically' under 'Sorting Order'. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403775] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons from importing files from Flickr has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419263] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * A new special page, [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}]], has been created to list transcluded pages that are flagged as containing lint errors to help users discover them easily. The list is sorted by the number of transclusions with errors. For example: [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}/night-mode-unaware-background-color]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170874] * Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature have been using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages, for some time now. Along with promoting CodeMirror 6 out of beta, the plan is to replace CodeEditor as the standard editor for these content models by May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|Feedback or concerns are welcome]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] JavaScript modules will soon be upgraded to CodeMirror 6. Leading up to the upgrade, loading the <code dir=ltr>ext.CodeMirror</code> or <code dir=ltr>ext.CodeMirror.lib</code> modules from gadgets and user scripts was deprecated in July 2025. The use of the <code dir=ltr>ext.CodeMirror.switch</code> hook was also deprecated in March 2025. Contributors can now make their scripts or gadgets compatible with CodeMirror 6. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror#Gadgets and user scripts|migration guide]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373720] * The MediaWiki Interfaces team is expanding coverage of REST API module definitions to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API/Extensions|extension APIs]]. REST API modules are groups of related endpoints that can be independently managed and versioned. Modules now exist for [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414470 GrowthExperiments] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419053 Wikifunctions] APIs. As we migrate extension APIs to this structure, documentation will move out of the main MediaWiki OpenAPI spec and REST Sandbox view, and will instead be accessible via module-specific options in the dropdown on the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox] (i.e., [[{{#Special:RestSandbox}}]], available on all wiki projects). * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] extension provides different pieces of information about the wiki where the module is being used via the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual|mw.site]] library. Starting last week, the library also provides a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.site.wikiId|way]] of accessing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Wiki ID|wiki ID]] that can be used to facilitate cross-wiki module maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146616] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.20|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|2026 Coolest Tool Award]] celebrating outstanding community tools, is now open for nominations! Nominate your favorite tool using the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/435684?lang=en nomination survey] form by 23 March 2026. For more information on privacy and data handling, please see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Coolest_Tool_Award_2026_Survey_Privacy_Statement|survey privacy statement]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W12"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:35, 16 Martii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30260505 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-13</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W13"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Wikimedia site users can now log in without a password using passkeys. This is a secure method supported by fingerprint, facial recognition, or PIN. With this change, all users who opt for passwordless login will find it easier, faster, and more secure to log in to their accounts using any device. The new passkey login option currently appears as an autofill suggestion in the username field. An additional [[phab:T417120|"Log in with passkey" button]] will soon be available for users who have already registered a passkey. This update will improve security and user experience. The [[c:File:Passwordless_login_screencast.webm|screen recording]] demonstrates the passwordless login process step by step. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies. '''Updates for editors''' * Wikimedia site users can now export their notifications older than 5 years using a [[toolforge:echo-chamber|new Toolforge tool]]. This will ensure that users retain their important notifications and avoid them being lost based on the planned change to delete notifications older than 5 years, as previously announced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948] * Wikipedia editors in Indonesian, Thai, Turkish, and Simple English now have access to Special:PersonalDashboard. This is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Dashboard|early version of an experience]] that introduces newer editors to patrolling workflows, making it easier for them to move from making edits to participating in more advanced moderation work on their project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402647] * The [[Special:Block]] now has two minor interface changes. Administrators can now easily perform indefinite blocks through a dedicated radio button in the expiry section. Also, choosing an indefinite expiry provides a different set of common reasons to select from, which can be changed at: [[MediaWiki:Ipbreason-indef-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401823] * Mobile editors [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Logged-out|at several wikis]] can now see an improved logged-out edit warning, thanks to the recent updates from the Growth team. These changes released last week are part of ongoing efforts and tests to enhance [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|account creation experience on mobile]] and then increase participation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408484] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:36}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:36|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented mobile web users from seeing the block information when affected by multiple blocks has been fixed. They can now see messages of all the blocks currently affecting them when they access Wikipedia. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Images built using Toolforge will soon get the upgraded buildpacks version, bringing support for newer language versions and other upstream improvements and fixes. If you use Toolforge Build Service, review the recent [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EMYTA32EV2V5SQ2JIEOD2CL66YFIZEKV/ cloud-announce email] and update your build configuration as necessary to ensure your tools are compatible. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Toolforge/Building_container_images&oldid=2392097#Buildpack_environment_upgrade_process][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380127] * The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal] documentation wiki will shut down in June 2026. API keys created on the API Portal will continue to work normally. api.wikimedia.org endpoints will be deprecated gradually starting in July 2026. Documentation on the API Portal is moving to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.21|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is considering improvements to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|automatically generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Please check out the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Proposed solutions|proposed solutions]] and participate in the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Request for comment|request for comment]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W13"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:50, 23 Martii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30268305 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-14</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W14"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Beta version of [[abstract:|Abstract Wikipedia]] a new Wikimedia project which is language-independent, was launched last week. The project allows communities to build Wikipedia articles in their native language, which can be readily accessed by other users in their own languages. The wiki is powered by instructions from Wikifunctions and also based on structured content from Wikidata. [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-26|Read more]]. '''Updates for editors''' * The Growth team is running an A/B test to evaluate a clearer, more user-friendly message that promotes account creation on wikis. Currently when logged-out mobile users begin editing, they see a jarring warning message that can feel abrupt and discouraging. This also presents temporary account editing as the default rather than encouraging account creation. The test is running on ten Wikipedias, including Arabic, French, Spanish and German. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#2. Improve logged-out warning message (T415160)|Read more]]. * The Wikimedia Apps team is inviting feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Future of Editing on the Mobile Apps|how editing should work on the Wikipedia mobile apps]]. The discussion focuses on improving how users access editing tools when they tap "Edit". This is part of a broader effort to convert readers who develop an interest in editing, to access a more user-friendly pathway to start contributing. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:45}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:45|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where citation fetching from the large newspaper archive [https://www.newspapers.com Newspapers.com] was no longer working, due to a block in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid|Citoid]] requests, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419903] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.22|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W14"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:25, 30 Martii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30329462 --> == Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> [[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]] {{int:please-translate}} Dear Wikipedians! [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge "'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''", which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''. The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences. 🧩'''How to participate?''' Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine. 🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''. '''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.''' If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&messages=&language=en&x=D banner] into your own language. Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:OlesiaLukaniuk_(WMUA)/list_of_wikis&oldid=28552112 --> == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 17:11, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-15</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W15"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] now includes a new group goal-setting feature, enabling organizers to set and track event goals such as the number of articles created and participating contributors in real time. Similarly, participants can work toward shared targets and see their collective impact as the event unfolds. The feature is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. Learn more in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Collaborative contributions#Goal setting|the documentation]]. * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|watchlist labels]] feature (announced in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Tech News 2026-07]]) is now available via VisualEditor, the source editor, and the 'watchstar' (or watch link, for skins that don't have a star icon). Previously it was only possible to assign labels via [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]]. In all three places it is a new field following the expiry field. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where talk pages on mobile with Parsoid are unusable after empty section headers, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419171] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]], which lets editors add details to an existing reference without duplicating it, will be gradually rolled out to [[phab:T414094|more wikis]] later this year. Wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]] gadget are encouraged to update their version (typically at [[m:MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js|MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js]] as shown [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=1344408362 here]) to ensure compatibility. Other reference-related gadgets may also be affected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416304] * All Wikinews editions will be closed and switched to read-only mode on 4 May 2026. Content will remain accessible, but no new edits or articles can be added. This closure was approved by the Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation following extended discussions. [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard#Board of Trustees Approves Closure of Wikinews|Read more]]. * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Action API|Action API]] has had several formats for requested output. One of them, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>format=php</nowiki></code></bdi>, is being removed soon. Please ensure your scripts or bots use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Data formats#Output|JSON format]]. This removal should affect very few scripts and bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T118538] * The [[Special:NamespaceInfo|Special:NamespaceInfo]] page now includes namespace aliases. For example "WP" for the "Project" ("Wikipedia") namespace on the German Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381455] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.23|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W15"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:18, 6 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30362761 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-16</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W16"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Experienced editors are invited to [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Main_Page test] the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] feature, designed to help less-experienced editors create well-structured, policy-compliant Wikipedia articles. Testing instructions are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Test feature guide|available]]. Also, after reviewing [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance the outlines], please provide feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Article guidance|project talk page]]. Based on your input, the feature will be refined and transferred to the pilot Wikipedias to translate and adapt. Check out [[c:File:Article Guidance workflow demo - April 2026.webm|the video]] explaining the feature. '''Updates for editors''' * On most wikis, all autoconfirmed users can now use [[Special:ChangeContentModel|Special:ChangeContentModel]] page to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:ChangeContentModel|create new pages with custom content models]], such as mass message lists, making custom page formats more accessible. Check [[Special:ListGroupRights|Special:ListGroupRights]] for the status of your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248294] * The Growth team has launched an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account_Creation_Experiments|account creation experiment]] to evaluate whether adding an account creation button to the mobile web header increases new account registrations and encourages more mobile users to contribute to the wikis. The experiment is currently live on Hindi, Indonesian, Bengali, Thai, and Hebrew Wikipedia, and targets 10% of logged-out mobile web users. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where VisualEditor could get stuck loading on Windows devices with animations turned off, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382856] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting later this week, {{int:group-abusefilter}} who have the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature enabled will have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] as the editor at [[Special:AbuseFilter|Special:AbuseFilter]]. This is part of the broader effort to make the user experience more consistent across all editors. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399673][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * Tools and bots that access the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Notifications/API|Notifications API]] (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>action=query&meta=notifications</nowiki></code></bdi>) will need to update their OAuth or BotPassword grants to also include access to private notifications. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421991] * Due to a library upgrade, listings on category pages may be displayed out of order starting on Monday, 20th April. A migration script will be run to correct this, and will take hours to days depending on the size of the wiki (up to a week for English Wikipedia). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T422544] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.24|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W16"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 15:18, 13 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30380527 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-17</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W17"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/17|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * After two years of development, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]], also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], is to be promoted out of beta on Tuesday, April 21. It brings better code and wikitext readability, reduction in typing errors, and other [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|benefits]] to all users of the standard syntax highlighter. A huge thank you to volunteer [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/p/Bhsd/ Bhsd] who developed many of the new features, including [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Code folding|code folding]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Autocompletion|autocompletion]], and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Linting|linting]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059] * A major update to the Wikipedia app for iOS is now rolling out, redesigning the interface to align with Apple's latest "Liquid Glass" visual design. [https://apps.apple.com/us/app/wikipedia/id324715238 Download the latest version] and explore the update. '''Updates for editors''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|Reading lists]] is a feature which allows readers to save articles to a list for reading later. This feature is now in beta on Arabic, French, Indonesian, Vietnamese, and Chinese Wikipedias and by default for all new accounts on all Wikipedias. * An experiment which explores extending [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews|Page Previews to mobile web]] will be launched in the week of April 20 on Arabic, English, French, Italian, Polish, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. Page Previews are pop-ups that display a thumbnail, lead paragraph, and a link to open the full article of a blue link, thereby improving content discovery. The feature is already available on desktop and in the apps. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/List of experiments in Product and Technology#Template|Read more about this experiment and others]]. * On several wikis, logged-in editors who haven't [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email confirmation|confirmed their email addresses]] can now see a banner encouraging them to do so. Having the email address confirmed allows a user to restore access to the account if they lose it. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security#Encouraging users to confirm their email addresses|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421366] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:15}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:15|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where editing very large wiki pages in the 2017 wikitext editor caused slow loading, preview and scrolling lag, and performance issues when selecting, cutting, or pasting content, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184857] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As part of the promotion of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] from a beta feature, all users will use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * The <code>mirrors.wikimedia.org</code> service for Debian and Ubuntu users will sunset and stop working on May 15. The resources for the service will be replaced with new and better options. Some users may need to switch to a different server which should take about a minute. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/LJYRIS4WB66HIRCAO4GIDTXCMDVZRBMA/ You can read more]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416707] * The <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>image</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>oldimage</nowiki></code></bdi> table will be removed from [[wikitech:Help:Wiki Replicas|wikireplicas]]. If your tools or queries access <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>image</nowiki></code></bdi> or <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>oldimage</nowiki></code></bdi> directly, please update them to use the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>file</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>filerevision</nowiki></code></bdi> table before 28 May. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T28741] * Following the recent implementation of global API rate limits on unidentified traffic, the Wikimedia Foundation will continue efforts to ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]] by applying global limits to identified API traffic beginning the last week of April. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits/FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]]. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Attribution API|Attribution API]] is now available as a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Stability policy|beta]]. The API fetches information for crediting Wikimedia articles and media files wherever they are used. Reference documentation is available through the REST Sandbox special page available on all Wikimedia wikis (such as the [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?api=attribution.v0-beta&title=Special%3ARestSandbox REST sandbox on English Wikipedia]). Share your feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Attribution API|project talk page]]. * There is no new MediaWiki version this week. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/17|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W17"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 14:59, 20 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30432763 --> == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 00:58, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) </bdi> <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-18</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W18"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/18|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * There is a change in how new users are autoconfirmed that will improve anti-vandalism protection. Currently, users who have had an account for a few days and made a few edits are automatically added to the [[{{int:grouppage-autoconfirmed/{{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}}}|{{int:group-autoconfirmed}}]] group. This configuration tends to be exploited by some vandals, who create accounts and start to use them only after some time. To mitigate this, the configuration will be updated next week so that – for the purpose of becoming autoconfirmed – the account age will be counted from their first edit, instead of registration date. The numeric value of the age threshold will remain the same. This change will be deployed only to wikis which require at least one edit as part of the autoconfirmation conditions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418484] * All Wikipedia users with new accounts and those who activated the "automatically enable most beta features" option in their preference can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|reading lists]] beta feature to save articles for later reading. This helps organize reading interests in one place for convenient access. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where infobox images have huge padding in Firefox, has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423676] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * As a reminder, the global API rate limits will be applied this week to identified API traffic. This is to help ensure [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]]. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, including the actual rate limits, see [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]] and [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits/FAQ|Frequently Asked Questions]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.26|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/18|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W18"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:05, 27 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30458046 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-19</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W19"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/19|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] team invites experienced editors of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators|pilot Wikipedias]]—Arabic, Bangla, Japanese, Portuguese, Persian, Turkish, Simple English, Spanish, and French—to help translate and adapt [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance sample outlines]. These outlines will guide editors in creating clear, well-structured, and policy-compliant articles when using [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Special:NewArticle the feature] once it is launched in May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance#Adapting a sample outline in a Wikipedia|Simple instructions]] on how to translate and adapt the outlines are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] has published [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/May 2026 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|draft recommendations]] on a model that affiliates can follow when contributing to the technical space. Community members are invited to provide feedback on the recommendation until May 8th [[:m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/May 2026 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|on the talk page]]. * The number of available thumbnail size preferences in MediaWiki is being reduced to three standardized options—Small (180px), Regular (250px), and Large (400px), as part of ongoing efforts to improve performance and reduce strain on thumbnail services. As a result, existing preferences will be mapped to the nearest new size (for example, smaller selections like 120px or 150px will render at 180px, while larger ones like 300px or 360px will render at 400px). The preferences interface will soon be updated to reflect these changes, and users who wish to opt out or provide feedback can do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424909] * From now on, even when a permission expires automatically, users will receive an Echo notification similar to the standard notification for permission changes. There is a difference between this and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|Global reminder bot]] in that the latter reminds users a week ''before'' the rights are due to expire, so that they can renew the rights. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the problem where the ULS language selector in [[m:Special:Translate|Special:Translate]] would scroll vertically when it shouldn't, has been resolved. Previously, when users opened the "Translate to English" dropdown and typed certain inputs, the dialog would scroll vertically by a few pixels even when there was enough space to display all results. The dropdown no longer shifts unnecessarily when filtering languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358864] * The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]], which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page, continues to improve. For example, watchlists for Wikibase sites such as [[:d:|Wikidata]] now support [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:EntitySchema|EntitySchema]] elements for better tracking. The Live Updates mode now refreshes the special page every 60 seconds to comply with the updated [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|global API rate limits]] for improved real-time responsiveness. Additionally, a directionality bug that displayed links as "changes 3" instead of "3 changes" in mixed-direction lists has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415450][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424422][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418091] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The second phase of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|global API rate limits]] has been rolled out to reduce the [[diffblog:2026/03/26/quo-vadis-crawlers-progress-and-whats-next-on-safeguarding-our-infrastructure/|impact of AI crawlers]] and ensure fair, sustainable access to Wikimedia resources, prioritising human and mission-aligned traffic. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits#Limits|Limits]] have been shifted from per-hour to per-minute, producing smoother traffic patterns and more predictable API load. Community users are not expected to be affected, and no action is required. Early indications show some User-Agent-based requestors are adjusting behaviour, and around 64% of automated API traffic has been identified. Monitoring continues, and Wikimedia Enterprise remains available for commercial support. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.27|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/19|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W19"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:42, 4 Maii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30498077 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-20</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W20"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/20|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Community Tech has published [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/How to write a good wish|new guidance]] explaining how wishes on Community Wishlist are triaged and prioritized. The documentation is intended to help contributors write stronger proposals by clarifying the factors that influence prioritization decisions. Beyond vote counts, the guidance highlights considerations such as potential impact on the community when determining which wishes move forward. '''Updates for editors''' * The Reader Growth team is launching an experiment to test a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader_Growth/Share_Card|Share Card feature]] that allows readers to create visually engaging cards from Wikipedia articles or selected article sections and share them online, with each card linking back to the original article to help expand readership and article discovery. The mobile-only A/B test will be available to a portion of readers on Arabic, Chinese, French, Vietnamese, and English Wikipedia to better understand reading and sharing habits, and is scheduled to begin the week of May 18 and run for four weeks. * The Android and iOS Wikipedia apps recently released the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/25th_Birthday_Reading_Challenge|25-day reading challenge]] into Beta, as part of efforts to drive reader engagement by encouraging users to complete reading milestones. To track their reading streak during the challenge, App users can add a widget featuring Baby Globe to their home screen. The challenge officially begins May 11. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:17}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:17|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the global preference for enabling syntax highlighting in wikitext could unexpectedly disable itself after being turned on, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T425286] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The ResourceLoader module <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mediawiki.ui.input</nowiki></code></bdi>, deprecated since [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/39|September 2023]], will be removed this week. There is a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Migrating_from_MediaWiki_UI|guide for migrating from MediaWiki UI to Codex]] for any tools that use it. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T420125] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.2|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/20|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W20"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:20, 11 Maii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30524429 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-21</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W21"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/21|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The Abstract Wikipedia team has identified five potential pilot wikis to assess their interest in adopting abstract articles on their wikis. The pilots are Malayalam, Bengali, Dagbani, Arabic, and Indonesian Wikipedia. The feedback period will be open until May 22. If your community is interested in becoming a pilot, [[m:Talk:Abstract Wikipedia|let us know on Meta]]. '''Updates for editors''' * An experiment to show [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists]] to logged-out readers on mobile web will launch on May 18 across German, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Dutch, Turkish, and Urdu Wikipedias, and will run for one month. The effort supports broader goals of helping readers save and organize articles for later reading, while encouraging habits that could lead to future Wikipedia contributions. * To support a bookmark button in the Reading List beta feature, the "Tools > Action" menu has been updated to display icons, including the watch star indicator that helps editors identify temporarily watched articles. The icons now also match those used on mobile, improving consistency across platforms. The change is currently limited to the actions menu and mainly affects editors with privileged user rights. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T426008] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] was released as an [[w:en:A/B test|A/B test]] for newcomer editors on the mobile website at [[phab:T421189|~15 Wikipedias]]. The experiment will measure the impact that Suggestion Mode has on the proportion of newcomer mobile web edit sessions that result in constructive (un-reverted) article edits. The experiment will also evaluate the feature's impact on editor retention, and monitor changes in revert and block rates. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue in the Wikipedia Android app where images could sometimes fail to load after opening a recommended reading list notification, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418231] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|Wikidata Platform team]] has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/Backend Replacement|backend replacement recommendation]] and accompanying [[wikitech:Wikidata Query Service/WDQS Architecture re-design|technical architecture]] for the migration of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS) away from Blazegraph. Feedback is invited until May 25th 2026, especially on potential gaps and impacts on advanced use cases. Wikidata community members and WDQS users are also encouraged to help identify high-impact tools and workflows that may need attention on [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/High-Impact Use Cases|this page]]. Feedback can be shared on the [[d:Wikidata talk:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update|Migration talk page]] or during the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Blazegraph Migration Office Hours|next office hour]]. See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|WDP team newsletter]] for more details. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.3|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * On English, French, Japanese, and a few other Wikipedias, there was a [[diffblog:2025/09/02/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha/|trial of hCaptcha]], a third-party bot detection service. The trial showed that hCaptcha effectively detects and deters some bad-faith automated activity, on its own and by giving [[w:en:Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 225#Introducing SuggestedInvestigations|checkusers and stewards]] signals to look into. Because the results were positive, hCaptcha will be rolled out across all wikis over the next few weeks. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/hCaptcha|See the hCaptcha project page]] for technical information about the implementation and privacy protections. [[diffblog:2026/05/04/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha-part-2/|Learn more]]. * The latest Community Tech update is now available, with progress across several Community Wishlist initiatives, including Reading Lists expansion from the mobile app to the website, new language support for "Who Wrote That" and the Personal Dashboard, improvements to 3D rendering and Charts, and upcoming work on talk page sorting, audio playback, and editing workflows. The update also shares current priorities, wishlist status trends, and opportunities for community feedback on future focus areas and the Wikimedia Foundation’s 2026–2027 Annual Plan. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#May 13, 2026: Latest updates from the Community Tech team|Read the full newsletter for details]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/21|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W21"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:21, 18 Maii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30539262 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-22</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W22"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/22|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Following a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#LOWM|successful account creation experiment]], an improved logged-out edit warning message will be deployed to all Wikimedia wikis in the first week of June. The change will only affect logged-out users on mobile web who open an editing session. The updated experience is designed to encourage account creation more clearly, while still allowing users to edit with temporary accounts. Results from the experiment showed a significant increase in account creation, with a 27% relative lift among users shown the updated message. As expected, as more people funnel into account creation, temporary accounts decreased by a relative 16%. The experiment did not show any significant changes in constructive edit rates or other monitored contributor metrics. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424595] '''Updates for editors''' * For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Members of these groups will be unable to disable the last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the next few weeks, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. Notably, this applies to bureaucrats. See the linked tasks for deployment schedules. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423119][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423120] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] will run an [[w:en:A/B testing|A/B test]] on [[:phab:T415904|10 wikis]], testing [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/Reference Previews|potential improvements for Reference Previews]]. The experiment will run for ~2 weeks at the end of May / beginning of June and will affect 10% of desktop readers on the participating wikis. * After two successful experiments, the Reader Growth team is rolling out an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing|Image Browsing]] beta feature for all Wikipedias on mobile on May 25. This means that anyone who has all beta features on by default will start to see this feature, and others can check the box to turn it on in their preferences. The beta feature will include a carousel of all an article's images at the top of the article, with controls for editors to [[mw:Readers/Reader_Growth/Image_Browsing#Phase_2.1_beta_feature|exclude images from the article's carousel or to exclude an article from the feature entirely]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, three dimensional STL files were being rendered incorrectly by the media viewer 3D extension which is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416723] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The legacy CSS classes <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>tleft</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>tright</nowiki></code></bdi> have been replaced with <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>floatleft</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>floatright</nowiki></code></bdi> as the former do not work consistently across all MediaWiki platforms, notably mobile web and mobile apps. Projects relying on these classes are encouraged to review related usage and plan for migration. Please note that <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>floatleft</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>floatright</nowiki></code></bdi> may also be deprecated in future, although there are currently no plans to do so. [[phab:T426452|Read more]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.4|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/22|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W22"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:51, 25 Maii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30584502 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Vote now in the 2026 U4C election</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2026 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2026|2026 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 2 June 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1780358400 00:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 14 June 2026. -- In cooperation with the U4C,<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 17:14, 27 Maii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-23</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W23"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/23|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] is conducting an experiment to show the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|reading lists]] feature, which is still in development, to logged-out mobile readers to test whether it encourages account creation at a higher rate compared to the watchstar button. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists#Experiment timeline|experiment]] was launched on May 18th on German, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Dutch, Turkish, and Urdu wikis, and it will run for a month. * The Wikimedia Apps team released [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Explore Feed Refresh/Phase 1|Phase 1]] of the redesigned Home Feed to the Android Beta app. The new Home Feed includes a refreshed "Community" tab and a personalized "For You" tab featuring daily updated reading recommendations. The redesign is part of a broader effort to improve content discovery and create more engaging learning experiences in the Wikipedia apps. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:18}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:18|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where images could fail to load for some suggested edits on [[w:Special:Homepage|Special:Homepage]], leaving the thumbnail stuck in a loading state, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T424048] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.5|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/23|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W23"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:08, 1 Iunii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30613639 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-24</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W24"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/24|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Wikimedia Enterprise has increased the free usage limits for its API offerings. The monthly request limit for the On-demand API has increased from 5,000 to 50,000 requests, while the Snapshot API limit has increased from 15 to 30 requests per month. In addition, Structured Contents snapshots are now available for free accounts. These changes expand access to Wikimedia Enterprise data for developers, researchers, and organizations using Wikimedia content. [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/enhanced-free-api] '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Explore Feed Refresh/Phase 1|refreshed Explore Feed]], now called the Home Feed, is rolling out to 50% of users of the Wikipedia Android app. The Home Feed helps readers discover relevant content through two new tabs: ''Community'' and ''For You''. The Community tab provides a scrollable feed of curated content and updates from the broader Wikimedia community and movement, while the ''For You'' tab offers a full-screen, swipeable experience that shows content tailored to a user's interests. The redesign is part of a broader effort to improve discovery and enhance the learning experience in the Wikipedia app. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/"Which came first?" Game|Which came first?]] daily trivia game is now available in the beta version of the Wikipedia iOS app in English, German, French, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, and Turkish. The game uses historical events from Wikipedia's "On This Day" content and challenges readers to guess which of two events happened first. The game was previously released on Android. Communities interested in making the game available in their languages can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Games#Game availability by language|read the instructions and requirements]]. * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new MediaWiki feature that allows editors to reuse references with different details, will begin rolling out to Wikimedia wikis following a successful pilot phase. Deployment will start on 8 June for most [[wikitech:Deployments/Train#Wednesday|Group 1 wikis]] and French Wikipedia, with additional Wikipedia language editions receiving the feature over the coming months. Communities are encouraged to prepare by checking for [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=ext-cite&language=en&action_source=search&filter=%21translated&optional=1&action=translate untranslated Cite extension messages] in their language and reviewing any use of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]], which may require [[:phab:T416304#11668731|updates]] to support the new functionality. Wikis using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] do not need to take any action. Communities may also wish to create the ''cite-tracking-category-ref-details'' [[Special:TrackingCategories|tracking category]] as a hidden category using <code><nowiki>__HIDDENCAT__</nowiki></code> (or a dedicated template), and connect it to the corresponding Wikidata item [[d:Q129764848]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T425662] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews#Experimentation|Page Previews experiment]] on mobile web has concluded. The team decided not to roll out the feature after the results showed no statistically significant impact on reader retention, as the primary success metric was retention improvement. Page Previews, which are already available on desktop and in the apps, display a thumbnail, lead paragraph, and link to the full article when readers tap a blue link. The experiment tested this experience on mobile web across six Wikipedias. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Design/Icons|user interface icon library]] will be [[phab:T399175|updated later this week or next week]]. Most of the ~300 icons have been slightly refined and ~30 new icons have been added. These changes improve the icons to make them more consistent and comprehensible, and provide more visual balance when they are used in groups. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Language Selector|Universal Language Selector]] (ULS) interface in MediaWiki, which helps users select content in other languages, has been updated. The new version improves speed and accessibility, and users of Wikimedia projects can now pin languages for quicker language switching. The deployment to Wikimedia sites will happen gradually in the coming weeks. You can test it now as a beta feature by selecting [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta features]] in your profile preferences and share your feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Language Selector/New ULS|the project page]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the Pageviews Analysis dashboard on pageviews.wmcloud.org stopped updating graph data in May 2026, affecting all users, has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427171] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The function signature for <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mw.util.addPortletLink()</nowiki></code></bdi> has been simplified. Developers can now pass a configuration object instead of a list of positional parameters when creating portlet links. The previous function signature remains supported for backwards compatibility. For example, instead of: <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mw.util.addPortletLink('p-cactions', '#', 'Stub', 'ca-stubtag', 'Add a stub tag to this page');</nowiki></code></bdi> use <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>mw.util.addPortletLink('p-cactions', { href: '#', text: 'Stub', id: 'ca-stubtag', tooltip: 'Add a stub tag to this page' });</nowiki></code></bdi>. Script maintainers are encouraged to review existing uses of <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>addPortletLink()</nowiki></code></bdi> and update them where appropriate. This change will be available on all wikis from 11 June. Thanks to community volunteer Gerges for contributing this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427945] * '''Community Wishlist discussion''': Product & Technology [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#May 20, 2026: Community Tech becomes a program|introduced changes]] meant to increase the number and complexity of wishes fulfilled, including the disbanding of the Community Tech team. They are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates|engaging in discussions]] about a [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist#Proposed direction for Wishlist|proposed direction for the wishlist]] from community members. Includes ways to structure annual voting, better tracking of wishes, removing focus areas, and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates|staffing updates]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.6|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/24|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W24"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:29, 8 Iunii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30650573 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-25</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W25"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/25|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth|Reader Growth team]] has launched an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing|Image Browsing]] beta feature on the mobile web version of all Wikipedias. The feature shows an image carousel at the top of articles with 3 or more images. Editors can configure this feature with the following controls: to hide a specific image from a page, either use <code>class=notpageimage</code> excluding it from thumbnail previews, or <code>class=noviewer</code> excluding it from MediaViewer. The carousel can also be disabled from a page entirely, with the magic word <code><nowiki>__NOMEDIAVIEWERCAROUSEL__</nowiki></code>. To submit feedback or flag bugs, please visit the [[mw:Talk:Readers/Reader Growth/Image Browsing|project page]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Tables#class="wikitable"|Wikitables]] can now be [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Sortable tables#Forcing the initial sort direction|sorted in descending order]] on the first click by adding <code dir=ltr>data-sort-order="desc"</code> to the header cell. Previously, by default, clicking a column header for the first time sorts it in ascending order. This addition to a Wikitable gives it more control and flexibility, while the default behavior for subsequent clicks remains unchanged. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398416] '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] feature is currently being tested with some editors creating new articles on the Simple English, French, and Turkish Wikipedias. The experiment will soon begin on the Arabic and Bangla Wikipedias as well. [[w:simple:Special:NewArticle|This feature]] gives editors community-curated guidance to help them create articles that follow community standards. Experienced editors can continue creating or adapting outlines for specific article types that are commonly created by less experienced contributors. The outlines guide less experienced editors in creating high-quality articles. A quick guide to markups used in outlines can be found on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Test feature guide#Markups in outlines|this page]]. [[w:simple:Wikipedia:Article Guidance|Example outlines]] that can be adapted and instructions for how to adapt them are on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance#Adapting a sample outline in a Wikipedia|this section]] of the project page. * Wikis that wish to replace the "indefinitely" button in Special:Block for temporary accounts (for example, wikis that block temporary users only until account expiration) will be able to do so by creating [[MediaWiki:ipb-indefinite-expiry-temporary-account]] with the block duration they want. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427125] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:41}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:41|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * By the end of June, a valid user-agent string will be required for automated dumps downloads from the dumps.wikimedia.org website. Automated requests that provide a generic or empty user-agent will be blocked. This [[phab:T400119|extends enforcement]] of the long standing [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia Foundation User-Agent Policy|user-agent policy]]. Access to dumps through Wikimedia Cloud Services will not change. * The roll out of global [[mw:Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|API rate limits]] is now complete, with limits enforced across all APIs and at the documented levels for all groups. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki remain exempt. All bots should continue to follow the documented best practices to avoid being rate limited. * The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal wiki] will be read only starting this week (June 15-18). The following week (June 22-25), all API Portal wiki URLs will redirect to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|Wikimedia APIs on mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.7|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * On June 17th at 6pm UTC the WMF will be holding Discord call focused on a code review. We've heard through the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Developer Satisfaction Survey/2026|Developer Satisfaction Survey]] that volunteers are struggling with code review and we'd like to discuss these experiences with the goal of surfacing workable solutions. You can join the call [https://discord.gg/wikipedia?event=1514727511102062664 via the Wikimedia Community Discord server]. * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Conferencia Wikimedia de América Latina 2026|Latin American Wikimedia Conference]] will host a regional hackathon that will bring together the Wikimedia movement’s technical community including developers, system administrators, data scientists, and users with extended rights. Interested technical contributors can [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf4osJzTHBJjQbYJk7TMVEJjTEQv7IgtsUDfP-o-qTgeRQQxw/viewform apply for a scholarship] to participate until June 21 at midnight (Bolivia time, UTC-4). * Sign up for Wikimania Team Challenges to join this special event. The Team challenges will take place online and in person from July 21 to 22, before Wikimania conference. Everyone is welcome, regardless of skills or Wikimania registration. Teams will work on 10 important challenges supporting the Wikimedia community. For details, visit [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2026:Team challenges|the Team Challenges page]] and [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/wm/teamchallenges/ register there]. Registration closes on June 20th at 11pm UTC. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/25|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W25"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:48, 15 Iunii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30689604 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-26</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W26"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/26|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary|Growth features]] are [[phab:T418115|now available at Wikidata]]. This update enables access to Mentorship ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship|if configured]]), Impact module, the Help Panel, and a simplified Newcomer Homepage (without Suggested Edits). Wikidata administrators are still configuring the features through Community Configuration. '''Updates for editors''' * The special page [[{{#special:RangeCalculator}}]] has been created. It allows users to find an IP range without needing to rely on external tools. Until now, this tool was only available to CheckUsers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T268429] * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]] is a new MediaWiki feature that allows editors to reuse references with different details. It will be deployed to most small and medium-sized Wikipedia language versions on June 23. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#deployment|FAQ]] lists possible actions to take on your wiki to support the deployment. Check the [[:phab:T414094|rollout plan]] for the next deployment steps. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T428902] * Starting next week, users will get a notification when they are blocked or unblocked from editing, or if this block changes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T100974] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting next week, abuse filters that are set to "require CAPTCHA verification" will begin to also affect users with the <code>skipcaptcha</code> right, which includes most autoconfirmed users. Bots are exempted. This change only affects edits that trigger an abuse filter. The <code>skipcaptcha</code> right will continue to exempt users from having to solve CAPTCHAs in the ordinary course of using the wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402595] * Reference documentation for the [[wikitech:Machine_Learning/LiftWing/API|Lift Wing API]] has moved from the API Portal to the interactive [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?api=lift-wing&title=Special%3ARestSandbox REST Sandbox]. * The API Portal wiki is now closed. For API documentation, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_APIs|Wikimedia APIs on mediawiki.org]]. All API Portal wiki URLs (https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/) will redirect to the mediawiki.org page starting June 22. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427537] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.8|MediaWiki]] '''Meetings and events''' * Join an online call on 25 June at 2:30pm UTC to meet the current Wikimedia interns for [[mw:Google_Summer_of_Code/2026|Google Summer of Code]] and [[mw:Outreachy/Round_32|Outreachy]]. Interns will provide an overview of their projects and a brief demo of their work so far. Attendees are encouraged to [[mw:event:Google_Summer_of_Code/Summer_2026_June_Internship_open_session|share ideas and connections in their community]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/26|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W26"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 13:04, 23 Iunii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30722494 --> == RFC about AI-generated content in Wikimedia Commons == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">Apologies for writing in English, please help translate this message to your language. You are invited to participate in a [[c:Commons:Requests for comment/Policy update for AI content|request for comment on Wikimedia Commons about a policy update for AI content]]. This may affect files that are uploaded to Wikimedia Commons for use on this project. Thank you. [[m:User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] ([[m:User talk:Codename Noreste|disputatio]])</bdi> 17:11, 23 Iunii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Deployment of Legal and Safety Contacts Link in the Footer of Your Wiki</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="Message"/> '''Legal & Safety Contacts''' Hello community, the Wikimedia Foundation has provided a [[wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contact Information|single legal and safety contact page]], to be linked in the footer of your wiki, to ensure access to accurate legal information. This is a regulatory requirement. We have already rolled out links to English, German, Italian, Spanish and other wikis and we will deploy to your wiki soon. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Legal_and_Safety_Contacts_FAQ|Please read more on the project page]] and leave any comments in this thread or on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Legal and Safety Contacts FAQ|talk page]]. <section end="Message"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 13:29, 25 Iunii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=30731267 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-27</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W27"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/27|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * As part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|Account Creation Experiments]], the Growth team tested adding a user account icon in the mobile web header for logged-out users, providing direct access to "Create account" and "Log in" actions. The experiment increased account creation by about 20% without negatively affecting edit quality or constructive edit rates. The feature will now be rolled out to all Wikimedia Foundation wikis on mobile web in the first week of July. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T428220] * After a [[phab:T426248|successful experiment]], logged-in users who did not [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email_confirmation|confirm their email address]] when their account was created see a new banner asking them to complete that process. This helps reduce the risk that users get locked out of their account, and makes account email addresses overall more reliable. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T428292] * An update to [[Special:Search|Search]] is refining how the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>-prefix:</nowiki></code></bdi> behaves when used to exclude results. Previously, using <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>-prefix:</nowiki></code></bdi> with negation could unintentionally broaden search results by adding the namespaces included in the search scope, leading to confusing behavior for users expecting a straightforward exclusion filter. With the update, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>-prefix:</nowiki></code></bdi> will now strictly exclude matching page titles as intended and may display a warning if the relevant namespace has not been explicitly selected. The behavior of <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>prefix:</nowiki></code></bdi> without negation however remains unchanged. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427443] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:33}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:33|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where reviewers using the Page Curation toolbar were not automatically subscribed to talk page discussions they started has now been fixed. Reviewers will now receive notifications when someone replies to those discussions. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T329346] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting June 29th, automated downloads from the dumps.wikimedia.org website will be subject to the [[Foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia Foundation User-Agent Policy|user-agent policy]]. Automated requests that provide a generic or empty user-agent will be blocked. Access to dumps through Wikimedia Cloud Services remains unaffected. This is a follow up to the announcement made in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/25|2026/25 issue of Tech News]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.9|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/27|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W27"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 11:47, 29 Iunii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30744833 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-28</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W28"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/28|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:34}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:34|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the search bar results on Wikidata, showed English results instead of using the correct language fallback for users of language variants, has now been fixed. Search suggestions will now follow the expected language fallback chain. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T429769] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * In preparation for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Celebrate Women|Celebrate Women campaign]] planned for March 2027, the Wikimedia Foundation’s [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Advancement/Community Growth/Content Enablement|Content Enablement team]] has launched a 22-question survey to better understand technical contributions by women+ (anyone who identifies as a woman) across Wikimedia projects. The survey takes approximately 15–20 minutes to complete and will remain open until 20 July 2026. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Celebrate Women/Technical contributions survey|questions]] are also available on-wiki for review in advance. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Score|Score extension]] now supports rendering music scores as SVG images in addition to PNG, addressing a long-standing [[:phab:T49578|feature request]] and resolving historical image quality issues. Both formats are now provided to clients, with PNG in the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>src</nowiki></code></bdi> attribute and SVG in the <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>srcset</nowiki></code></bdi> attribute. * The new [[wikitech:Parsoid|Parsoid]] parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. It was enabled on French Wikipedia, bringing total progress to covering 78.9% of Wikipedia page views. Rollout to English Wikipedia desktop will progress through this week. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.10|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The Wikimedia Hackathon 2026 [[diffblog:2026/06/29/wikimedia-hackathon-2026-building-collaborating-and-shaping-the-future-together/|recap blog post]] is now live. It highlights the projects, sessions, and social activities from this year’s event, and shares initial plans for the 2027 Wikimedia Hackathon. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/28|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W28"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 13:56, 6 Iulii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30773578 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-29</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W29"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/29|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Revise_Tone|Revise Tone]] helps newcomers identify passages in Wikipedia articles that may contain non-encyclopedic language and encourages them to consider revising the tone. The feature was [[w:en:A/B_testing|A/B tested]] on the Arabic, English, French, and Portuguese Wikipedias, where newcomer task completion rates [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Revise_Tone#Experiment_Results|increased by 38.7%]] compared to the default Copyedit task, with no decrease in edit quality. The test ended on July 9, and the feature is now available for everyone on these wikis, configurable via Community Configuration. [[phab:T426364|The plan]] is to release Revise Tone to more wikis. * The community configuration that allows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship#Automated mentor list cleanup|automatic removal of inactive mentors]] based on configurable criteria will be enabled on Thursday 16, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Deployment|on some wikis]] to keep mentor lists up to date. Mentors are experienced contributors who opt in to help new users on-wiki through the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary|Growth Features]]. Administrators can now prepare the settings via [[w:Special:CommunityConfiguration/Mentorship|Special:CommunityConfiguration/Mentorship]]; they will take effect starting Thursday. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:38}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:38|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where some users of the Wikipedia Android app were logged out immediately after signing in, preventing them from staying logged in and editing pages, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T316916] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Editing a page via user scripts or gadgets was causing watchlist labels that the user had assigned to that page to reset. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T423778] * To work around a Safari bug (see [[phab:T425211]]), on Parsoid-enabled wikis, wikilink hrefs now use absolute urls instead of protocol-relative urls. REST API output remains unchanged and continue to use protocol-relative urls. Gadgets, user scripts, bots, and CSS might need to be adapted if they relied on the presence of protocol-relative urls in wikilink hrefs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T431358] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.11|MediaWiki]] '''In depth''' * The Wikimedia Foundation’s Experiment Platform Team has published a blog post reflecting on its first year of structured experimentation. It highlights successful experiments such as Paste Check, Reference Check, and Tone Check, which improved editing outcomes and have been rolled out to more users, as well as experiments that did not lead to product changes. [[diffblog:2026/07/07/moving-the-needle-how-we-test-new-ideas-across-wikimedia-projects|Read more]]. '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/29|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W29"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:10, 13 Iulii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30804401 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-30</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W30"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/30|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reader/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] has incorporated community feedback around the placement of watchstar and watchlist buttons for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4 Reading lists|Reading Lists beta feature]], which would allow for saving articles for later reading – a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W102|wishlist item]] to bring the functionality to web. Editors are invited to enable the beta feature to test it out and [[phab:T426453|share their thoughts]]. * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] offers edit suggestions within the VisualEditor for improving Wikipedia articles. [[Special:EditChecks|All suggestions]] are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators – local customization|community-configurable]]. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/TextMatch|TextMatch]] feature is a way for volunteers to create custom local suggestions. The feature searches in articles for strings of text, and now includes support for regular expressions. This gives volunteers greater precision and flexibility over the kinds of local suggestions they can create. Note: Suggestions [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Configuration#:~:text=maximumEditcount|can be targeted]] based on the edit count of the person editing as well as other aspects of the page. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#Create custom local types of Suggestions|find examples from other communities]] for inspiration, including TextMatches that detect: typos, grammar-errors, potential advertisements, clichés, incorrect dash or hyphen usage, non-specific time keywords, outdated names, and more. Any [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|feedback]] is appreciated. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the SVG Translate tool could use an outdated version of a file, causing existing translations to be overwritten when new ones were uploaded, has now [[phab:T430577|been fixed]]. Overall, in the last quarter from April – June 2026 about 337 community tasks were resolved by the Wikimedia Foundation. '''Updates for technical contributors''' * On Parsoid-enabled wikis, Parsoid now renders a maximum of 1,250 images per page. A new tracking category, "media-limit-reached", will be soon made available to identify pages where this limit is reached, making it easier to find content whose media output may have been restricted during rendering. See [[phab:T430854]] for more information and to provide feedback. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.12|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/30|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W30"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 05:45, 21 Iulii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30836091 --> == Request for comment (the future of Abstract Wikipedia) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies if this has not yet been translated into your wiki's language. {{int:Please-translate}} You are invited to voice your opinions in a [[:m:Requests for comment/The future of Abstract Wikipedia|request for comment about the future of Abstract Wikipedia]]. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[:m:User:Kowal2701|Kowal2701]] ([[:m:User talk:Kowal2701|talk]]) 12:24, 24 Iulii 2026 (UTC) </bdi> <!-- Message sent by User:DreamRimmer@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30513860 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-31</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W31"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/31|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ContentTranslation|Content Translation]] now supports dark mode, fulfilling a [[m:Community Wishlist/W544|Community Wishlist request]]. This brings the tool in line with the accessibility features available in the Vector 2022 and Minerva skins, helping reduce visual fatigue for users translating content. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367077] * DiscussionTools' source mode and the 2017 wikitext editor will now offer autocomplete for links (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>[[</nowiki></code></bdi>), templates (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>{{</nowiki></code></bdi>), HTML and parser tags (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki><</nowiki></code></bdi>), and magic words (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>__</nowiki></code></bdi>), making it quicker and easier to insert links, templates, and other wiki markup while editing. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T432400] * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/Mobile page previews|Readers Growth team]] has concluded its experiment with mobile page previews and will not roll out the feature. Page Previews are a pop-up bottom sheet that appears when readers tap a blue link, showing a thumbnail, lead paragraph, and an option to open the article. The experiment showed flat retention and negative indicator metrics, suggesting that mobile web readers preferred navigating directly to linked articles rather than using page previews. * The Reader Experience team has seen encouraging early results from the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists feature]], with 93% of participating users reporting that it was useful. Reading Lists help active readers save articles for future reading and support their learning goals on Wikimedia projects. The team plans further improvements before expanding the feature to more users. * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Explore Feed Refresh|Explore Feed Refresh]] initiative was tested with new and casual Wikipedia app readers. The refreshed feed helps readers discover new and relevant content. After a 10.5% increase in engagement with the feed, Wikimedia Apps team has decided to scale the Home Feed redesign to iOS with the learnings from the Android release applied. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where subject names in the Article Guidance feature were displayed with incorrect capitalization on French Wikipedia, has now been fixed. Subject names will now follow the correct capitalization rules for the language. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T427201] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * After running several [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|Account Creation Experiments]] to improve registration completion rates, a new version of the username field on [[Special:CreateAccount|Create Account]] has been rolled out. It includes [[:c:File:Create account - July 2026 updates.png|a popover summarizing the username policy]] to provide clearer guidance during account creation. As part of this change, the messages <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>createacct-helpusername</nowiki></code></bdi> and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>createacct-username-help</nowiki></code></bdi> that several communities have configured will no longer be used. If communities want to customize the guidance shown in the new popover, they can instead edit the following messages: <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>createacct-username-policy-popover-bullet1</nowiki></code></bdi>, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>createacct-username-policy-popover-bullet2</nowiki></code></bdi>, and <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>createacct-username-policy-popover-bullet3</nowiki></code></bdi>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T430604] * Later this week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror syntax highlighter]] will offer [[w:en:Theme (computing)|themes]]. The themes can be picked from a dropdown menu in the full [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#CodeMirror preferences|CodeMirror preferences]] dialog. For wikitext, available themes are default, colorblind-friendly (previously the colorblind preference option on [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing]]) and no-highlighting. For code languages (i.e., CSS/JavaScript/JSON/Vue/Lua), there are several themes available. These same themes will eventually be available for wikitext, too. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T163533] * From now on, wikis can restrict editing in the "User" namespace to only the page owner and certain user groups. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:$wgRestrictUserPageEditing|Read the configuration documentation]] to learn more. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.14|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/31|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W31"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 18:48, 27 Iulii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30856308 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-32</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W32"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/32|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] has developed a [https://82db7c8d4b.catalyst.wmcloud.org/w/index.php?title=Regent%27s_Park&uselang=de patch demo] that wraps the page toolbar onto two lines when there is not enough horizontal space for all the buttons. This aims to reduce crowding in the Vector 2022 toolbar, which can occur on some language Wikipedias at certain screen widths. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T429518] * The Reader Experience team is planning to launch [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/Reading lists|Reading Lists]], a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2021/Mobile and apps/Have Apps reading lists available on Destop/Mobile|Community Wishlist item]], which is currently available to try in beta, as a full feature in September. Before then, volunteer translator help is needed for [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&group=ext-readinglists&filter=&action=translate string translations] into a number of languages. The feature supports reading and learning goals on Wikipedia. * Next week, the table of contents on Wikimedia Commons file pages will be improved by consolidating the file page table of contents with the page table of contents. This will make it easier to understand a file page’s structure, navigate to specific sections, and share links to individual sections. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332644] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where some [[w:TIFF|TIFF]] images failed to load after clicking their thumbnail, causing a broken image to be displayed instead of the full-size image, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T429326] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The variable and function selector in AbuseFilter has been updated to support search and autocomplete. It will allow filter maintainers to find the desired variable or function more quickly. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T323698] * The MJPEG and VP8 formats are removed from the video player. The MP4 format (MPEG-4 Part 2) is added instead, which provides higher quality videos to older iPhone devices. It may take a few weeks to retroactively update all existing videos. The default format for modern devices stays the same (VP9/WebM). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358266] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.15|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/32|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W32"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 19:45, 3 Augusti 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30872536 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-33</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W33"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/33|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new ChartWizard is [[c:Special:ChartWizard/Data:Example.Pie.chart|now available on Wikimedia Commons]] for users interested in creating charts from their own data. The wizard makes the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Chart extension]] more beginner-friendly by allowing editors to create charts, such as bar and pie charts, without needing to use JSON. Users can still switch to the JSON editor if they prefer. Feedback on the new tool is welcome on the [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist/W414|wish talk page]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where the Wikipedia iOS app’s Picture of the Day widget displayed the same image every day instead of updating daily, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T430692] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Math|Math formula]] SVG images will soon be generated in the browser instead of on the server. MathML continues to be generated on the server and renders in the browser without JavaScript. Wikibooks will see this change on 12 August, Wikisource on 19 August and Wikipedia from 20-27 August. You can try this by selecting "{{int:Mw-math-mathjax}}" in your preferences. This change is part of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase/deprecation|deprecating RESTBase]] and [[phab:T431372|deprecating Mathoid]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T271001] * Category pages will soon support sorting entries by the time they are added to a category. This will make it easier to find recently or long-standing categorized pages. It will also improve workflows for maintenance categories such as deletion backlogs and other time-based review tasks. You can use <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>cldsort=timestamp</nowiki></code></bdi> URL argument in category view to sort the entries. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433768] * [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets]] and user scripts on Wikimedia wikis may now use [[phab:T395347|ES2018 features]] and [[phab:T419142|ES2019 features]] in JavaScript code. Previously, the platform only allowed up to ES2017. MediaWiki validates the source code to protect functionality from syntax errors and to ensure scripts are valid in all [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Compatibility#Browser_support_matrix|supported browsers]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419142] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.16|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/33|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W33"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 20:44, 10 Augusti 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30901051 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Tech News: 2026-34</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="technews-2026-W34"/><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/34|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Worklist|Worklist feature]] for the Event Registration tool is now live on all Wikimedia wikis. With Worklist, event organizers can add the articles their event will focus on directly to the event page. The Worklist also powers [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Worklist#How Event Pathways uses the worklist|Event Pathways]] which notifies other editors of the upcoming or ongoing event when they edit an article featured in the event's Worklist. This is the minimum viable version (MVP), and feedback is welcome. Organizers are encouraged to try the feature. A hands-on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Worklist Setup Workshop: Get Your Event Ready|Worklist Setup Workshop]] will take place on 18 August at 16:00 UTC and 19 August at 11:00 UTC. '''Updates for editors''' * [[Special:ShortPages]] displays short pages by their size, but in many cases it gets filled with disambiguations and soft redirects, making it harder to find the short articles themselves. Starting this weekend, you will be able to choose not to include an article in the special page by adding the magic word <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>__EXPECTSHORTPAGE__</nowiki></code></bdi>. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T433203] * One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q3436680|Bole]] ([[w:bol:|<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>w:bol:</nowiki></code></bdi>]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T429921] * Starting the week of August 17, the page toolbar will wrap onto two lines when there is not enough horizontal space for all the buttons. This is a [[phab:T429518|fully merged patch from the Reader Experience team]] which aims to reduce crowding in the Vector 2022 toolbar, that may occur on some language Wikipedias at certain screen widths. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:16}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:16|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, uploading large files to Wikimedia Commons has become more stable and less prone to failure following some fixes related to the “Could not acquire lock” upload error. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386640] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Debian Bullseye will reach the end of its Long Term Support on 31 August 2026. [[phab:T434103|Some Cloud VPS projects]] still have instances running Debian Bullseye. Maintainers of those projects are encouraged to migrate to Debian Bookworm or Debian Trixie. A [[wikitech:Help:Cloud VPS instance operating system migration|migration guide]] is available to help with the process, and users may also want to consider whether their workload is better suited to Toolforge. If you need help or cannot complete the migration by 31 August, please contact the Cloud VPS admins as soon as possible. [[listarchive:list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/RVIPQSYLKMSL5M46JP6NEJVGVE6I2RXQ/|Read more]]. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.47/wmf.16|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/34|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W34"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 21:02, 17 Augusti 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30922806 --> akuhkp3c6sgmdfzg5cvohusf5q4d9t1 Formula:Postilla redirectionis/doc 10 323806 3981863 3980696 2026-08-17T21:26:49Z Grufo 64423 Documentationem redintegravi 3981863 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula in nuntiis systematis adhibita|custodes=usores | r3946509 = MediaWiki:Move-redirect-text | Sin secus verbatim | Mora substitutionis cautae | P1 | P2 | Postilla redirectionis/arbiter | Si in substitutione }} {{Substitutio quae suam transclusionem protrahit|$1}} {{Formula solitaria|MediaWiki:Move-redirect-text}} Haec est [[Vicipaedia:Substitutio|substitutio]] peculiaris tantummodo in pagina [[MediaWiki:Move-redirect-text]] adhibita. Usoribus non est eā utendum. == De usu == <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext">{{subst:Postilla redirectionis|$1}}</syntaxhighlight> (Sed formula [[MediaWiki:Move-redirect-text|iam adhibita est]].) == Quando postilla addatur == {| class="wikitable" |- ! Casus ! Condicio ! Vicitextus insertus |- | ''Diversum [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatium nominale]]'' | Vetus et novum nomen ad diversa spatia nominalia pertinent. | rowspan="3" | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{De hac redirectione}}</syntaxhighlight> |- | ''[[Vicipaedia:Discretio|Pagina discretiva]]'' | Vetus et novum nomen ad idem spatium nominale pertinent, non sunt in spatio nominali disputationis, et vetus vel novum nomen uno ex his verbis terminatur: <code>(discretiva)</code>, <code>(discretio)</code> aut <code>(nomen)</code>. |- | ''Spatium disputationis'' | Vetus nomen est in spatio nominali disputationis et non est subpagina novi nominis. |- | ''Disputationes alibi collectae'' | Vetus et novum nomen ad idem spatium nominale disputationis pertinent et vetus nomen est subpagina novi nominis. | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{De hac redirectione|ratio=collectio}}</syntaxhighlight> |- | ''Redirectio redundans'' | Vetus nomen est in spatio nominali [[Vicipaedia:De categoriis|categoriarum]]; aut vetus et novum nomen sunt in spatio nominali [[Vicipaedia:Adumbratio|adumbrationum]] (<code>Adumbratio:</code>); aut vetus nomen est subpagina in spatio nominali [[Auxilium:Formulae|formularum]] (<code>Formula:</code>) et eius nomen est <code>doc</code>. | <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Confestim delenda|Redirectio redundans. <small>(Pittacium [[Formula:Postilla redirectionis/arbiter|systemate]] additum.)</span>}}</syntaxhighlight> |- | ''Ceterum'' | Vetus et novum nomen ad idem spatium nominale pertinent; vetus nomen non est pagina disputationis; nec vetus neque novum nomen uno ex his verbis terminatur: <code>(discretiva)</code>, <code>(discretio)</code> aut <code>(nomen)</code>. | '''Nihil additur.''' |} == Subformulae machinariae == * {{relfn|Formula:Postilla redirectionis/arbiter}} == Ulteriora si cupis == * [[MediaWiki:Move-redirect-text]] * [[phab:T419100|Pass the target of the redirect as $1 to MediaWiki:Move-redirect-text – Phabricator]] * {{Fn|De hac redirectione}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae quae seorsos versus creant|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae administrationis Vicipaediae|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 58krk3778ldfjinhb7x7xhvro7tq2lu Formula:Postilla redirectionis/arbiter 10 323882 3981823 3981595 2026-08-17T18:58:17Z Grufo 64423 Etiam redirectiones in spatio categoriarum e motionibus genitae sunt redundantes 3981823 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#switch: {{safesubst:<noinclude />#if: {{safesubst:<noinclude />#switch:{{{spatium-redirectionis}}} | 10 = {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{safesubst:<noinclude />SUBPAGENAME:{{{redirectio}}}}}|doc | + }} | 14 = + | 118 = {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{spatium-scopi}}}|118 | + }} }} | redundans | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{spatium-redirectionis}}}|{{{spatium-scopi}}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{{redirectio}}}|{{safesubst:<noinclude />TALKPAGENAME}} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#ifeq:{{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:string|find|{{{redirectio}}}|{{{scopus}}}|1|true}}|1 | collectio | notabilis }} | {{safesubst:<noinclude />#if: {{safesubst:<noinclude />#invoke:params|new| pulling|redirectio| pulling|scopus| with_value_matching|%s+%(discretiva%)$|or|%s+%(discretio%)$|or|%s+%(nomen%)$|or|%s+%(praenomen%)$|or|%s+%(cognomen%)$| list_values }} | notabilis | nihil }} }} | notabilis }} }} | redundans = {{Confestim delenda{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}Redirectio redundans. <small>(Pittacium [[Formula:Postilla redirectionis/arbiter|systemate]] additum.)</small>}} | notabilis = {{De hac redirectione}} | collectio = {{De hac redirectione{{safesubst:<noinclude />!}}ratio{{safesubst:<noinclude />=}}collectio}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio|contenta={{Formula machinaria}}{{Formula in nuntiis systematis adhibita | custodes = usores | r3948020 = Formula:Postilla redirectionis | Modulus:Params | Modulus:String }}{{Lua|Params|String}}}}</noinclude> lt4fxg7miwca3v5yt2u7ziqwp89jtjm Imperator rex Grecorum 0 324428 3981943 3971601 2026-08-18T01:52:18Z Grufo 64423 Minora 3981943 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus ad litteram}} {{Pagina principalis|Index Carminum Buranorum}} {{Carmen Carminum Buranorum | titulus = | imago = | descriptio = | categoria = | numerus = | auctor = | argumenta = | tempus = | lingua = | contextus = | praecedens = | sequens = }} {{lres|Imperator rex Grecorum}} est initium [[carmen|carminis]] a [[Goliardia|discipulis vagantibus]] [[Latinitas medii aevi|Latine]] scripti, quod in codice [[Carmina Burana|Carminum Buranorum]] sub numero LIa reperitur.<ref name="de-cruce-signatis-46-55">{{Opus | titulus = De cruce signatis 46–55 | url = https://www.hs-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost13/CarminaBurana/bur_cmo5.html }}.</ref> == Textus == {{Versus numerati| Imperator rex Grecorum, minas spernens paganorum, auro sumpto thesaurorum parat sumptus armatorum. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|(Refl.)}}Ayos o theos athanathos, ysma sather yschyros! miserere kyrios, salva tuos famulos! Almaricus miles fortis, rex communis nostre sortis, in Egypto fractis portis Turcos stravit dire mortis. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|(Refl.)}}Ayos o theos athanathos, ysma sather yschyros! miserere kyrios, salva tuos famulos! Omnis ergo Christianus ad Egyptum tendat manus! semper ibi degat sanus, destruatur rex paganus! {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|(Refl.)}}Ayos o theos athanathos, ysma sather yschyros! miserere kyrios, salva tuos famulos!<ref name="de-cruce-signatis-46-55"/> }} == Descriptio == Hoc carmen, in numerum carminum moralium et satiricorum insertum, res gestas in [[Expeditio sacra|expeditionibus sacris]] celebrat, praesertim ad [[Aegyptus|Aegyptum]] spectantes. Textus conatūs [[Imperium Romanum Orientale|Imperatoris Graecorum]] et regis [[Amalricus I (rex Hierosolymitanus)|Amalarici I Hierosolymitani]] contra hostes {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Sarraceni|paganos|en|qid=Q105763}} et [[Turcae|Turcos]] laudat. Carmen est simul carmen bellicum et oratio religiosa, quod ex crebra repetitione [[dactylus|dactyli]] [[Lingua Graeca antiqua|Graeci]] in [[versus intercalaris|versibus intercalaribus]] patet, ad divinum auxilium pro exercitu christiano invocandum.<ref name="de-cruce-signatis-46-55"/> Argumentum praecipuum est exhortatio ad omnes christianos ut arma capiant utque ad partes orientales tendant ad regem paganum destruendum. Versūs intercalares, qui verbis graecis utuntur (velut “Ayos o theos”, {{*ie}} [[Trishagion]]), peculiarem colorem liturgicum exoticumque textui conferunt, victoriam militarem cum salute spirituali coniungentes.<ref name="de-cruce-signatis-46-55"/> == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * {{Ecce citatio | id = Lehtonen, 1995 | c = {{Opus | cognomen = Lehtonen | nomen = Thomas Martinus Samuel | nomenclatura = compendiaria | titulus = Fortuna, Money, and the Sublunar World: Eleventh-century Ethical Thought as a Paradigm for Late Medieval Moral Philosophy | annus = 1995 | lingua = en | locus = [[Helsingia (Finnia)|Helsingiae]] | domus editoria = [[Societas Litterarum Finnicarum]] | isbn = 978-951-717-846-4 }} }} {{Carmina Burana}} [[Categoria:Index Carminum Buranorum]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae mediaevales]] p68llwo73trbgumlm4cb0nwp03cggnr 3981945 3981943 2026-08-18T01:54:10Z Grufo 64423 3981945 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus ad litteram}} {{Pagina principalis|Index Carminum Buranorum}} {{Carmen Carminum Buranorum | titulus = | imago = | descriptio = | categoria = | numerus = | auctor = | argumenta = | tempus = | lingua = | contextus = | praecedens = | sequens = }} {{lores|Imperator rex Grecorum}} est initium [[carmen|carminis]] a [[Goliardia|discipulis vagantibus]] [[Latinitas medii aevi|Latine]] scripti, quod in codice [[Carmina Burana|Carminum Buranorum]] sub numero LIa reperitur.<ref name="de-cruce-signatis-46-55">{{Opus | titulus = De cruce signatis 46–55 | url = https://www.hs-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost13/CarminaBurana/bur_cmo5.html }}.</ref> == Textus == {{Versus numerati| Imperator rex Grecorum, minas spernens paganorum, auro sumpto thesaurorum parat sumptus armatorum. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|(Refl.)}}Ayos o theos athanathos, ysma sather yschyros! miserere kyrios, salva tuos famulos! Almaricus miles fortis, rex communis nostre sortis, in Egypto fractis portis Turcos stravit dire mortis. {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|(Refl.)}}Ayos o theos athanathos, ysma sather yschyros! miserere kyrios, salva tuos famulos! Omnis ergo Christianus ad Egyptum tendat manus! semper ibi degat sanus, destruatur rex paganus! {{Nota typographica|style=margin-right: .5em;|(Refl.)}}Ayos o theos athanathos, ysma sather yschyros! miserere kyrios, salva tuos famulos!<ref name="de-cruce-signatis-46-55"/> }} == Descriptio == Hoc carmen, in numerum carminum moralium et satiricorum insertum, res gestas in [[Expeditio sacra|expeditionibus sacris]] celebrat, praesertim ad [[Aegyptus|Aegyptum]] spectantes. Textus conatūs [[Imperium Romanum Orientale|Imperatoris Graecorum]] et regis [[Amalricus I (rex Hierosolymitanus)|Amalarici I Hierosolymitani]] contra hostes {{safesubst:Nexus ad paginam creandam creatamve|Sarraceni|paganos|en|qid=Q105763}} et [[Turcae|Turcos]] laudat. Carmen est simul carmen bellicum et oratio religiosa, quod ex crebra repetitione [[dactylus|dactyli]] [[Lingua Graeca antiqua|Graeci]] in [[versus intercalaris|versibus intercalaribus]] patet, ad divinum auxilium pro exercitu christiano invocandum.<ref name="de-cruce-signatis-46-55"/> Argumentum praecipuum est exhortatio ad omnes christianos ut arma capiant utque ad partes orientales tendant ad regem paganum destruendum. Versūs intercalares, qui verbis graecis utuntur (velut “Ayos o theos”, {{*ie}} [[Trishagion]]), peculiarem colorem liturgicum exoticumque textui conferunt, victoriam militarem cum salute spirituali coniungentes.<ref name="de-cruce-signatis-46-55"/> == Notae == <references /> == Bibliographia == * {{Ecce citatio | id = Lehtonen, 1995 | c = {{Opus | cognomen = Lehtonen | nomen = Thomas Martinus Samuel | nomenclatura = compendiaria | titulus = Fortuna, Money, and the Sublunar World: Eleventh-century Ethical Thought as a Paradigm for Late Medieval Moral Philosophy | annus = 1995 | lingua = en | locus = [[Helsingia (Finnia)|Helsingiae]] | domus editoria = [[Societas Litterarum Finnicarum]] | isbn = 978-951-717-846-4 }} }} {{Carmina Burana}} [[Categoria:Index Carminum Buranorum]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae mediaevales]] b8gsb354kmh22lu2by16uy1hgm6m8m5 Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit 10 325391 3981842 3962988 2026-08-17T21:06:20Z Grufo 64423 +[[:Categoria:Opera]] 3981842 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | “<dfn style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">{{{1}}}</cite></dfn>”{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Opera]]}} | {{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> oum4eojzwywo8bfvfv08rq7hdhsfpxj 3981950 3981842 2026-08-18T01:59:23Z Grufo 64423 [[:Categoria:Opera]] → [[:Categoria:Opera omnia]] 3981950 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | “<dfn style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">{{{1}}}</cite></dfn>”{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Opera omnia]]}} | {{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> ih6d3x50v74oe9xzv6beuyls55dzr61 Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit/doc 10 325393 3981843 3962994 2026-08-17T21:06:35Z Grufo 64423 +[[:Categoria:Opera]] 3981843 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} {{Compendia formulae|lores|res incipit}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight> – de hac vide [[#De nota HTML|infra]]). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. == De usu == * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lores|Spe salvi}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]].</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lores|Spe salvi}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]]. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lores/h}}</code>. == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula nomen proprium dissertatum scribit.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Res", "description": "Res hic dissertata", "example": "Si tibi placet", "type": "content", "required": true }, "plene": { "label": "Plene", "description": "Plenum lemma si |1= est forma compendiaria", "example": "Lorem ipsum", "type": "string", "required": false }, "ancora": { "label": "Ancora", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘id’", "example": "lorem-ipsum", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Classis HTML", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘class’", "example": "glossema", "type": "string", "required": false }, "lingua": { "label": "Tessera linguae", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘lang’", "example": "en-GB", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == De nota HTML == Consortium [[WHATWG]] sic notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn>...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> definivit (Anglice): {{Citatio | 1 = The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#represents represents] the defining instance of a term. The [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#paragraph paragraph], [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-content.html#the-dl-element description list group], or [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#sectioning-content-2 section] that is the nearest ancestor of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element must also contain the definition(s) for the [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#defining-term term] given by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. <dfn>Defining term</dfn>: if the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element has a <dfn data-dfn-for="dfn" data-dfn-type="element-attr"><code>title</code></dfn> attribute, then the exact value of that attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, if it contains exactly one element child node and no child <code>[https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-text Text]</code> nodes, and that child element is an <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element abbr]</code> element with a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-abbr-title title]</code> attribute, then the exact value of ''that'' attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, it is the [https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-descendant-text-content descendant text content] of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element that gives the term being defined. {{NB|Note:}} If the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-dfn-title title]</code> attribute of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element is present, then it must contain only the term being defined. The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#attr-title title]</code> attribute of ancestor elements does not affect <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> elements. An <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element a]</code> element that links to a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element represents an instance of the term defined by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. | 2 = HTML Standard, § [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element The <code>dfn</code> element] }} Apud hanc formulam attributio <code>title</code> appellatur {{para|plene}}. == Subformulae auxiliares == * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit/haec}} == Synonyma == * {{Fn|Lores}} * {{Fn|Res incipit}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera}} * [[:Categoria:Formulae typographicae]] * {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typibus italicis}} * {{Fn|Res}} * {{Fn|Res de opere}} * {{Fn|Res tacita}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} * {{Fn|Subres}} * {{Fn|Dfn}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Scholium}} * {{Fn|Indicium ostentum}} * {{Fn|Abbr}} * {{Fn|Var}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 75t0sn2at6rctd9k93apb64tjx0ovqu 3981846 3981843 2026-08-17T21:09:06Z Grufo 64423 3981846 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} {{Compendia formulae|lores|res incipit}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight> – de hac vide [[#De nota HTML|infra]]). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. == De usu == * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lores|Spe salvi}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]].</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lores|Spe salvi|propositum=exhibitio}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]]. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lores/h}}</code>. == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula nomen proprium dissertatum scribit.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Res", "description": "Res hic dissertata", "example": "Si tibi placet", "type": "content", "required": true }, "plene": { "label": "Plene", "description": "Plenum lemma si |1= est forma compendiaria", "example": "Lorem ipsum", "type": "string", "required": false }, "ancora": { "label": "Ancora", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘id’", "example": "lorem-ipsum", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Classis HTML", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘class’", "example": "glossema", "type": "string", "required": false }, "lingua": { "label": "Tessera linguae", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘lang’", "example": "en-GB", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == De nota HTML == Consortium [[WHATWG]] sic notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn>...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> definivit (Anglice): {{Citatio | 1 = The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#represents represents] the defining instance of a term. The [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#paragraph paragraph], [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-content.html#the-dl-element description list group], or [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#sectioning-content-2 section] that is the nearest ancestor of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element must also contain the definition(s) for the [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#defining-term term] given by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. <dfn>Defining term</dfn>: if the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element has a <dfn data-dfn-for="dfn" data-dfn-type="element-attr"><code>title</code></dfn> attribute, then the exact value of that attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, if it contains exactly one element child node and no child <code>[https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-text Text]</code> nodes, and that child element is an <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element abbr]</code> element with a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-abbr-title title]</code> attribute, then the exact value of ''that'' attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, it is the [https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-descendant-text-content descendant text content] of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element that gives the term being defined. {{NB|Note:}} If the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-dfn-title title]</code> attribute of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element is present, then it must contain only the term being defined. The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#attr-title title]</code> attribute of ancestor elements does not affect <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> elements. An <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element a]</code> element that links to a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element represents an instance of the term defined by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. | 2 = HTML Standard, § [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element The <code>dfn</code> element] }} Apud hanc formulam attributio <code>title</code> appellatur {{para|plene}}. == Subformulae auxiliares == * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit/haec}} == Synonyma == * {{Fn|Lores}} * {{Fn|Res incipit}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera}} * [[:Categoria:Formulae typographicae]] * {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typibus italicis}} * {{Fn|Res}} * {{Fn|Res de opere}} * {{Fn|Res tacita}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} * {{Fn|Subres}} * {{Fn|Dfn}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Scholium}} * {{Fn|Indicium ostentum}} * {{Fn|Abbr}} * {{Fn|Var}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> exmfafmhwfus0w1bcr6ny7fg5nnky65 3981855 3981846 2026-08-17T21:17:36Z Grufo 64423 3981855 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} {{Compendia formulae|lores|res incipit}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight> – de hac vide [[#De nota HTML|infra]]). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. Paginae quae hac formula utuntur in [[:Categoria:Opera]] numerantur. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. == De usu == * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lores|Spe salvi}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]].</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lores|Spe salvi|propositum=exhibitio}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]]. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lores/h}}</code>. == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula nomen proprium dissertatum scribit.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Res", "description": "Res hic dissertata", "example": "Si tibi placet", "type": "content", "required": true }, "plene": { "label": "Plene", "description": "Plenum lemma si |1= est forma compendiaria", "example": "Lorem ipsum", "type": "string", "required": false }, "ancora": { "label": "Ancora", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘id’", "example": "lorem-ipsum", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Classis HTML", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘class’", "example": "glossema", "type": "string", "required": false }, "lingua": { "label": "Tessera linguae", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘lang’", "example": "en-GB", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == De nota HTML == Consortium [[WHATWG]] sic notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn>...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> definivit (Anglice): {{Citatio | 1 = The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#represents represents] the defining instance of a term. The [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#paragraph paragraph], [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-content.html#the-dl-element description list group], or [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#sectioning-content-2 section] that is the nearest ancestor of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element must also contain the definition(s) for the [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#defining-term term] given by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. <dfn>Defining term</dfn>: if the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element has a <dfn data-dfn-for="dfn" data-dfn-type="element-attr"><code>title</code></dfn> attribute, then the exact value of that attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, if it contains exactly one element child node and no child <code>[https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-text Text]</code> nodes, and that child element is an <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element abbr]</code> element with a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-abbr-title title]</code> attribute, then the exact value of ''that'' attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, it is the [https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-descendant-text-content descendant text content] of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element that gives the term being defined. {{NB|Note:}} If the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-dfn-title title]</code> attribute of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element is present, then it must contain only the term being defined. The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#attr-title title]</code> attribute of ancestor elements does not affect <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> elements. An <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element a]</code> element that links to a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element represents an instance of the term defined by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. | 2 = HTML Standard, § [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element The <code>dfn</code> element] }} Apud hanc formulam attributio <code>title</code> appellatur {{para|plene}}. == Subformulae auxiliares == * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit/haec}} == Synonyma == * {{Fn|Lores}} * {{Fn|Res incipit}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera}} * [[:Categoria:Formulae typographicae]] * {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typibus italicis}} * {{Fn|Res}} * {{Fn|Res de opere}} * {{Fn|Res tacita}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} * {{Fn|Subres}} * {{Fn|Dfn}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Scholium}} * {{Fn|Indicium ostentum}} * {{Fn|Abbr}} * {{Fn|Var}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> g0853pub6a57fftse41lyx62ik7xv5y 3981951 3981855 2026-08-18T01:59:38Z Grufo 64423 [[:Categoria:Opera]] → [[:Categoria:Opera omnia]] 3981951 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} {{Compendia formulae|lores|res incipit}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: normal; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight> – de hac vide [[#De nota HTML|infra]]). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. Paginae quae hac formula utuntur in [[:Categoria:Opera]] numerantur. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. == De usu == * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{lores|Spe salvi}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]].</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{lores|Spe salvi|propositum=exhibitio}} [[incipit]] secunda [[encyclicae|encyclica epistula]] pontificatus [[Papa]]e [[Benedictus XVI| Benedicti XVI]]. {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|lores/h}}</code>. == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula nomen proprium dissertatum scribit.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Res", "description": "Res hic dissertata", "example": "Si tibi placet", "type": "content", "required": true }, "plene": { "label": "Plene", "description": "Plenum lemma si |1= est forma compendiaria", "example": "Lorem ipsum", "type": "string", "required": false }, "ancora": { "label": "Ancora", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘id’", "example": "lorem-ipsum", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Classis HTML", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘class’", "example": "glossema", "type": "string", "required": false }, "lingua": { "label": "Tessera linguae", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘lang’", "example": "en-GB", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == De nota HTML == Consortium [[WHATWG]] sic notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn>...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> definivit (Anglice): {{Citatio | 1 = The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#represents represents] the defining instance of a term. The [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#paragraph paragraph], [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-content.html#the-dl-element description list group], or [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#sectioning-content-2 section] that is the nearest ancestor of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element must also contain the definition(s) for the [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#defining-term term] given by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. <dfn>Defining term</dfn>: if the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element has a <dfn data-dfn-for="dfn" data-dfn-type="element-attr"><code>title</code></dfn> attribute, then the exact value of that attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, if it contains exactly one element child node and no child <code>[https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-text Text]</code> nodes, and that child element is an <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element abbr]</code> element with a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-abbr-title title]</code> attribute, then the exact value of ''that'' attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, it is the [https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-descendant-text-content descendant text content] of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element that gives the term being defined. {{NB|Note:}} If the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-dfn-title title]</code> attribute of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element is present, then it must contain only the term being defined. The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#attr-title title]</code> attribute of ancestor elements does not affect <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> elements. An <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element a]</code> element that links to a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element represents an instance of the term defined by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. | 2 = HTML Standard, § [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element The <code>dfn</code> element] }} Apud hanc formulam attributio <code>title</code> appellatur {{para|plene}}. == Subformulae auxiliares == * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit/haec}} == Synonyma == * {{Fn|Lores}} * {{Fn|Res incipit}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia}} * [[:Categoria:Formulae typographicae]] * {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typibus italicis}} * {{Fn|Res}} * {{Fn|Res de opere}} * {{Fn|Res tacita}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} * {{Fn|Subres}} * {{Fn|Dfn}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Scholium}} * {{Fn|Indicium ostentum}} * {{Fn|Abbr}} * {{Fn|Var}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> b8dmvumkt2qvogx0bh63xoyhgxergnd Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit typibus italicis 10 325395 3981947 3962989 2026-08-18T01:56:16Z Grufo 64423 +[[:Categoria:Opera]] 3981947 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | “<dfn style="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">{{{1}}}</cite></dfn>”{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Opera]]}} | {{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> f0ou3qwt929c44t0az62pnkb6fcu03w 3981953 3981947 2026-08-18T02:00:03Z Grufo 64423 [[:Categoria:Opera]] → [[:Categoria:Opera omnia]] 3981953 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{1|}}} | “<dfn style="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{plene|}}}|cursor:help;" title="{{safesubst:<noinclude />Textus planus|{{{plene}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{class|}}}|" class="{{{class}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{ancora|}}}|" id="{{safesubst:<noinclude />anchorencode:{{{ancora}}}}}}}{{safesubst:<noinclude />#if:{{{lingua|}}}|" lang="{{{lingua}}}}}"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">{{{1}}}</cite></dfn>”{{#ifeq:{{{propositum|}}}|exhibitio||[[Categoria:Opera omnia]]}} | {{Error|Error: Res abest.}} }}</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio}}</noinclude> 4c79f4swh90szizranx1y8u3r0xewwp Formula:Res de opere quod sic incipit typibus italicis/doc 10 325397 3981948 3963010 2026-08-18T01:56:42Z Grufo 64423 /* Ulteriora si cupis */ +[[:Categoria:Opera]] 3981948 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} {{Compendia formulae|loires}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight> – de hac vide [[#De nota HTML|infra]]). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. == De usu == * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{loires|Laudato si'|lingua=it}} [[incipit]] secunda [[papa]]e [[Franciscus (papa)|Francisci]] [[Epistula Encyclica|epistula encyclica]]</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{loires|Laudato si'|lingua=it}} [[incipit]] secunda [[papa]]e [[Franciscus (papa)|Francisci]] [[Epistula Encyclica|epistula encyclica]] {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit typibus italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|loires/h}}</code>. == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula nomen proprium dissertatum scribit.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Res", "description": "Res hic dissertata", "example": "Si tibi placet", "type": "content", "required": true }, "plene": { "label": "Plene", "description": "Plenum lemma si |1= est forma compendiaria", "example": "Lorem ipsum", "type": "string", "required": false }, "ancora": { "label": "Ancora", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘id’", "example": "lorem-ipsum", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Classis HTML", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘class’", "example": "glossema", "type": "string", "required": false }, "lingua": { "label": "Tessera linguae", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘lang’", "example": "en-GB", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == De nota HTML == Consortium [[WHATWG]] sic notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn>...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> definivit (Anglice): {{Citatio | 1 = The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#represents represents] the defining instance of a term. The [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#paragraph paragraph], [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-content.html#the-dl-element description list group], or [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#sectioning-content-2 section] that is the nearest ancestor of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element must also contain the definition(s) for the [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#defining-term term] given by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. <dfn>Defining term</dfn>: if the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element has a <dfn data-dfn-for="dfn" data-dfn-type="element-attr"><code>title</code></dfn> attribute, then the exact value of that attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, if it contains exactly one element child node and no child <code>[https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-text Text]</code> nodes, and that child element is an <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element abbr]</code> element with a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-abbr-title title]</code> attribute, then the exact value of ''that'' attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, it is the [https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-descendant-text-content descendant text content] of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element that gives the term being defined. {{NB|Note:}} If the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-dfn-title title]</code> attribute of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element is present, then it must contain only the term being defined. The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#attr-title title]</code> attribute of ancestor elements does not affect <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> elements. An <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element a]</code> element that links to a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element represents an instance of the term defined by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. | 2 = HTML Standard, § [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element The <code>dfn</code> element] }} Apud hanc formulam attributio <code>title</code> appellatur {{para|plene}}. == Subformulae auxiliares == * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typibus italicis/haec}} == Synonyma == * {{Fn|Loires}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera}} * [[:Categoria:Formulae typographicae]] * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Res}} * {{Fn|Res de opere}} * {{Fn|Res tacita}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} * {{Fn|Subres}} * {{Fn|Dfn}} * {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Scholium}} * {{Fn|Indicium ostentum}} * {{Fn|Abbr}} * {{Fn|Var}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> no60o8xn8gwdo2b6fk4c1jcm1sn035s 3981952 3981948 2026-08-18T01:59:53Z Grufo 64423 [[:Categoria:Opera]] → [[:Categoria:Opera omnia]] 3981952 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Subpagina documentationis}} {{Formula substituibilis|...}} {{Compendia formulae|loires}} Utere hac formula ut rem de opere quod titulum e primis verbis trahit ({{*ie}} intra virgulas curvas inclusis) scribas (per notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>“<dfn style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"><cite style="font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;">...</cite></dfn>”</syntaxhighlight> – de hac vide [[#De nota HTML|infra]]). Saepe unā cum {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} haec formula adhiberi solet. {{NB}} Haec formula non est in locum <code><nowiki>“'''...'''”</nowiki></code> ''in aliis casibus'' substituenda, sed est adhibenda in casu lemmatis principis tantum. == De usu == * <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{loires|Laudato si'|lingua=it}} [[incipit]] secunda [[papa]]e [[Franciscus (papa)|Francisci]] [[Epistula Encyclica|epistula encyclica]]</syntaxhighlight> *: ↳ {{loires|Laudato si'|lingua=it}} [[incipit]] secunda [[papa]]e [[Franciscus (papa)|Francisci]] [[Epistula Encyclica|epistula encyclica]] {{vsep}} {{NB}} Si <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>{{Res de opere quod sic incipit typibus italicis|{{subst:ARTICLEPAGENAME}}}}</syntaxhighlight> facile inserere vis, tantummodo scribe <code>{{Fsn|loires/h}}</code>. == De argumentis == <templatedata>{ "description": "Haec formula nomen proprium dissertatum scribit.", "params": { "1": { "label": "Res", "description": "Res hic dissertata", "example": "Si tibi placet", "type": "content", "required": true }, "plene": { "label": "Plene", "description": "Plenum lemma si |1= est forma compendiaria", "example": "Lorem ipsum", "type": "string", "required": false }, "ancora": { "label": "Ancora", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘id’", "example": "lorem-ipsum", "type": "string", "required": false }, "class": { "label": "Classis HTML", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘class’", "example": "glossema", "type": "string", "required": false }, "lingua": { "label": "Tessera linguae", "description": "Attributio HTML ‘lang’", "example": "en-GB", "type": "string", "required": false } } }</templatedata> == De nota HTML == Consortium [[WHATWG]] sic notam HTML <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline><dfn>...</dfn></syntaxhighlight> definivit (Anglice): {{Citatio | 1 = The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#represents represents] the defining instance of a term. The [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#paragraph paragraph], [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/grouping-content.html#the-dl-element description list group], or [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#sectioning-content-2 section] that is the nearest ancestor of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element must also contain the definition(s) for the [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#defining-term term] given by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. <dfn>Defining term</dfn>: if the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element has a <dfn data-dfn-for="dfn" data-dfn-type="element-attr"><code>title</code></dfn> attribute, then the exact value of that attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, if it contains exactly one element child node and no child <code>[https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#interface-text Text]</code> nodes, and that child element is an <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-abbr-element abbr]</code> element with a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-abbr-title title]</code> attribute, then the exact value of ''that'' attribute is the term being defined. Otherwise, it is the [https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-descendant-text-content descendant text content] of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element that gives the term being defined. {{NB|Note:}} If the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#attr-dfn-title title]</code> attribute of the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element is present, then it must contain only the term being defined. The <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#attr-title title]</code> attribute of ancestor elements does not affect <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> elements. An <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element a]</code> element that links to a <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element represents an instance of the term defined by the <code>[https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element dfn]</code> element. | 2 = HTML Standard, § [https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/text-level-semantics.html#the-dfn-element The <code>dfn</code> element] }} Apud hanc formulam attributio <code>title</code> appellatur {{para|plene}}. == Subformulae auxiliares == * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit typibus italicis/haec}} == Synonyma == * {{Fn|Loires}} == Ulteriora si cupis == {{Categoriae vestigatoriae formulae|Opera omnia}} * [[:Categoria:Formulae typographicae]] * {{Fn|Res de opere quod sic incipit}} * {{Fn|Titulus italicus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Res}} * {{Fn|Res de opere}} * {{Fn|Res tacita}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Res ad litteram typisque italicis}} * {{Fn|Subres}} * {{Fn|Dfn}} * {{Fn|Titulus ad litteram}} * {{Fn|Scholium}} * {{Fn|Indicium ostentum}} * {{Fn|Abbr}} * {{Fn|Var}} <includeonly>{{in harenario aut alibi|| <!-- Categorias sub hac linea adde --> [[Categoria:Formulae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae intra versum accommodandae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae scholiasticae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae typographicae|{{PAGENAME}}]] [[Categoria:Formulae lemmatum definitorum|{{PAGENAME}}]] }}</includeonly> 76n74bk8zoj9x18hlwv1l6x4txjebug Formula:De hac redirectione/quando 10 327646 3981862 3980669 2026-08-17T21:24:35Z Grufo 64423 De redirectionibus in spatio nominali categoriarum 3981862 wikitext text/x-wiki <includeonly>* {{Nexuli recensorii|Formula:De hac redirectione/quando|style=float: right; border: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 0 .5em; border-radius: .5em; font-weight: bold; margin-right: .5em;}}Si redirectio est [[:Categoria:Redirectiones ad Vicidata annexae|ad Vicidata annexa]] * Si sunt disputationes redirectioni coniunctae * Si pagina ad aliud [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatium nominale]] redigit * Si redirectio est [[Vicipaedia:Compendium|compendium]] * Si redirectio est [[Vicipaedia:Paginae protectae|protecta aut semi-protecta]] * Si redirectio [[:Categoria:Redirectiones ad capitula|ad capitulum nectitur]] ({{*eg}} <syntaxhighlight lang="wikitext" inline>#REDIRECT [[Argentina#Divisio administrativa]]</syntaxhighlight>) * Si olim redirectio erat pagina, quae postea facta est redirectio—hoc in casu adde argumentum {{para|olim|''&#91;NUMERUS ULTIMAE RECENSIONIS PAGINAE&#93;''}} ({{*eg}} {{para|olim|2434003}}), aut, si segnis es, tantummodo adde {{para|olim|pagina}} * Si pagina quae non est [[Vicipaedia:Subpaginae|subpagina]] ad subpaginam redigit * Si redirectio est in [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatio nominali]] ''categoriarum'' * Si redirectio est in [[Vicipaedia:Spatium nominale|spatio nominali]] ''disputationis'' (si etiam ad paginam redigit ubi omnes disputationes in singulum locum colliguntur et redirectio non est subpagina, adde {{para|ratio|collectio}}) * Si redirectio vel scopus redirectionis est [[Vicipaedia:Discretio|pagina discretiva]]</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentatio formulae simplicis|prooemium={{Formula humana}}}}</noinclude> a3dxm154qydpk8a7nl3lur0eohygum8 Contra Symmachum 0 327763 3981804 3981682 2026-08-17T17:08:53Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3981804 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} '''''Contra Symmachum''''' est longum poema didacticum [[Hexameter|hexametris]] [[Dactylus|dactylicis]] compositum et in duos libros digestum quod poeta Christianus [[Aurelius Prudentius Clemens|Prudentius]] circa 402/3 (etenim [[Flavius Stilicho|Stilichonis]] victoriam ad [[Pollentia (Marchia Anconitana)|Pollentiam]] glorificabat) edidit. In hoc poemate Prudentius deos et sacra [[Paganismus|pagana]] deridet, Christianismum extollit, quod [[Genus litterarum|genus]] ad [[Apologetica|apologeticam]] pertinet. Fingit se [[Tolerantia|tolerandi]] paganismi argumentis a clarissimo viro [[Quintus Aurelius Symmachus|Quinto Aurelio Symmacho]] olim expositis respondere sed incertum est hoc temporis utrum Symmachus adhuc vixerit an iam obisset. Praeterea [[Ambrosius]] iam ei [[Controversia de ara Victoriae|responderat]]. Certe paganismus Christianismo periculum iamdiu non faciebat et Prudentius materiam sibi gratam et ad blanditias [[Honorius (imperator)|Honorii imperatoris]] idoneam elegit potius quam rerum cursum mutare voluit. == Editiones == *[[Collection des Universités de France]]: M. Lavarenne, ''Prudence Tome III : Psychomachie - Contre Symmaque'', Les Belles Lettres, 1948 == Plura legere si cupis == *T. D. Barnes, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/294097 The Historical Setting of Prudentius' Contra Symmachum]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 1976: 373-386 *T. D. Barnes et R. W. Westall. "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1088440 The Conversion of the Roman Aristocracy in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum"]", ''Phoenix'', 1991: 50-61 * JP Callu, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2006_ant_361_1_11713 Date et genèse du premier livre de Prudence contre Symmaque]", ''Revue des études latines'', 1981: 235-259 *Juan Manuel Danza, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/44740672b Ironia y violencia en "Contra Symmachum" de Prudencio]", ''Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica'', 2016: 97-109 *Siegmar Döpp,"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583983 Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum" eine Einheit?]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1986: 66-82 **"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4476633 Vergilische Elemente in Prudentius' 'Contra Symmachum']", ''Hermes'', 1988: 337-342 *Christian Gnilka, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h14q.14 Kaiser, Rom und Reich bei Prudentius]" in ''East and West in the Roman Empire of the Fourth Century: An End to Unity?'', 2015: 164-180 * Gaëlle Hébert de la Portbarré-Viard, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2018_num_197_1_1925 Symmaque dans le ''Contra Symmachum'' de Prudence : enjeux et significations d’une mise à mort littéraire]", ''Vita Latina'', 2018: 148-172 *Gert Partoens, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1584773 Acts 27-28 in the Preface to Prudentius's First "Liber contra Symmachum"]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 2003: 36-61 *D. Rohmann, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4477549 Das Langsame Sterben der Veterum Cultura Deorum: Pagane Kulte bei Prudentius]", ''Hermes'', 2003: 235-253 *Friedrich Solmsen, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1582646 The Powers of Darkness in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum": A Study of His Poetic Imagination]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1965: 237-257 *Wolf Steidle, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583046 Die dichterische Konzeption des Prudentius und das Gedicht Contra Symmachum]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1971: 241-281 == Fontes externi == * [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Libri_contra_Symmachum Textus] apud Vicifontem [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 5]] [[Categoria:Italiae scripta]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae aetatis Imperii]] [[Categoria:Carmina didactica]] [[Categoria:Religio Romana]] ftnji6ixup8cekgdtc84jyy77sxkbsx 3981805 3981804 2026-08-17T17:12:44Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3981805 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} '''''Contra Symmachum''''' est longum poema didacticum [[Hexameter|hexametris]] [[Dactylus|dactylicis]] compositum et in duos libros digestum quod poeta Christianus [[Aurelius Prudentius Clemens|Prudentius]] circa 402/3 (etenim [[Flavius Stilicho|Stilichonis]] victoriam ad [[Pollentia (Marchia Anconitana)|Pollentiam]] glorificabat) edidit. In hoc poemate Prudentius deos et sacra [[Paganismus|pagana]] deridet, Christianismum extollit, quod [[Genus litterarum|genus]] ad [[Apologetica|apologeticam]] pertinet. Fingit se [[Tolerantia|tolerandi]] paganismi argumentis a clarissimo viro [[Quintus Aurelius Symmachus|Quinto Aurelio Symmacho]] olim expositis respondere sed incertum est hoc temporis utrum Symmachus adhuc vixerit an iam obisset. Praeterea [[Ambrosius]] iam ei [[Controversia de ara Victoriae|responderat]]. Certe paganismus Christianismo periculum iamdiu non faciebat et Prudentius materiam sibi gratam et ad blanditias [[Honorius (imperator)|Honorii imperatoris]] idoneam elegit potius quam rerum cursum mutare voluit. == Editiones == *[[Collection des Universités de France]]: M. Lavarenne, ''Prudence Tome III : Psychomachie - Contre Symmaque'', Les Belles Lettres, 1948 == Plura legere si cupis == *T. D. Barnes, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/294097 The Historical Setting of Prudentius' Contra Symmachum]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 1976: 373-386 *T. D. Barnes et R. W. Westall. "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1088440 The Conversion of the Roman Aristocracy in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum"]", ''Phoenix'', 1991: 50-61 * JP Callu, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2006_ant_361_1_11713 Date et genèse du premier livre de Prudence contre Symmaque]", ''Revue des études latines'', 1981: 235-259 *Juan Manuel Danza, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/44740672b Ironia y violencia en "Contra Symmachum" de Prudencio]", ''Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica'', 2016: 97-109 *Siegmar Döpp,"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583983 Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum" eine Einheit?]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1986: 66-82 **"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4476633 Vergilische Elemente in Prudentius' 'Contra Symmachum']", ''Hermes'', 1988: 337-342 *Christian Gnilka, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h14q.14 Kaiser, Rom und Reich bei Prudentius]" in ''East and West in the Roman Empire of the Fourth Century: An End to Unity?'', 2015: 164-180 * Gaëlle Hébert de la Portbarré-Viard, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2018_num_197_1_1925 Symmaque dans le ''Contra Symmachum'' de Prudence : enjeux et significations d’une mise à mort littéraire]", ''Vita Latina'', 2018: 148-172 *J. F. Matthews, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4435183 Symmachus and the "Magister Militum" Theodosius]", ''Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte'', 1971: 122-128 *Gert Partoens, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1584773 Acts 27-28 in the Preface to Prudentius's First "Liber contra Symmachum"]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 2003: 36-61 *D. Rohmann, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4477549 Das Langsame Sterben der Veterum Cultura Deorum: Pagane Kulte bei Prudentius]", ''Hermes'', 2003: 235-253 *Friedrich Solmsen, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1582646 The Powers of Darkness in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum": A Study of His Poetic Imagination]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1965: 237-257 *Wolf Steidle, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583046 Die dichterische Konzeption des Prudentius und das Gedicht Contra Symmachum]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1971: 241-281 == Fontes externi == * [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Libri_contra_Symmachum Textus] apud Vicifontem [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 5]] [[Categoria:Italiae scripta]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae aetatis Imperii]] [[Categoria:Carmina didactica]] [[Categoria:Religio Romana]] 58xxqv7oqzc4c1ea2n5vzply04d7v88 3981806 3981805 2026-08-17T17:13:08Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3981806 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} '''''Contra Symmachum''''' est longum poema didacticum [[Hexameter|hexametris]] [[Dactylus|dactylicis]] compositum et in duos libros digestum quod poeta Christianus [[Aurelius Prudentius Clemens|Prudentius]] circa 402/3 (etenim [[Flavius Stilicho|Stilichonis]] victoriam ad [[Pollentia (Marchia Anconitana)|Pollentiam]] glorificabat) edidit. In hoc poemate Prudentius deos et sacra [[Paganismus|pagana]] deridet, Christianismum extollit, quod [[Genus litterarum|genus]] ad [[Apologetica|apologeticam]] pertinet. Fingit se [[Tolerantia|tolerandi]] paganismi argumentis a clarissimo viro [[Quintus Aurelius Symmachus|Quinto Aurelio Symmacho]] olim expositis respondere sed incertum est hoc temporis utrum Symmachus adhuc vixerit an iam obisset. Praeterea [[Ambrosius]] iam ei [[Controversia de ara Victoriae|responderat]]. Certe paganismus Christianismo periculum iamdiu non faciebat et Prudentius materiam sibi gratam et ad blanditias [[Honorius (imperator)|Honorii imperatoris]] idoneam elegit potius quam rerum cursum mutare voluit. == Editiones == *[[Collection des Universités de France]]: M. Lavarenne, ''Prudence Tome III : Psychomachie - Contre Symmaque'', Les Belles Lettres, 1948 == Plura legere si cupis == *T. D. Barnes, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/294097 The Historical Setting of Prudentius' Contra Symmachum]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 1976: 373-386 *T. D. Barnes et R. W. Westall. "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1088440 The Conversion of the Roman Aristocracy in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum"]", ''Phoenix'', 1991: 50-61 * JP Callu, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2006_ant_361_1_11713 Date et genèse du premier livre de Prudence contre Symmaque]", ''Revue des études latines'', 1981: 235-259 *Juan Manuel Danza, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/44740672b Ironia y violencia en "Contra Symmachum" de Prudencio]", ''Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica'', 2016: 97-109 *Siegmar Döpp,"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583983 Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum" eine Einheit?]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1986: 66-82 **"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4476633 Vergilische Elemente in Prudentius' 'Contra Symmachum']", ''Hermes'', 1988: 337-342 *Christian Gnilka, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h14q.14 Kaiser, Rom und Reich bei Prudentius]" in ''East and West in the Roman Empire of the Fourth Century: An End to Unity?'', 2015: 164-180 * Gaëlle Hébert de la Portbarré-Viard, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2018_num_197_1_1925 Symmaque dans le ''Contra Symmachum'' de Prudence : enjeux et significations d’une mise à mort littéraire]", ''Vita Latina'', 2018: 148-172 *Gert Partoens, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1584773 Acts 27-28 in the Preface to Prudentius's First "Liber contra Symmachum"]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 2003: 36-61 *D. Rohmann, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4477549 Das Langsame Sterben der Veterum Cultura Deorum: Pagane Kulte bei Prudentius]", ''Hermes'', 2003: 235-253 *Friedrich Solmsen, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1582646 The Powers of Darkness in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum": A Study of His Poetic Imagination]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1965: 237-257 *Wolf Steidle, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583046 Die dichterische Konzeption des Prudentius und das Gedicht Contra Symmachum]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1971: 241-281 == Fontes externi == * [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Libri_contra_Symmachum Textus] apud Vicifontem [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 5]] [[Categoria:Italiae scripta]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae aetatis Imperii]] [[Categoria:Carmina didactica]] [[Categoria:Religio Romana]] ftnji6ixup8cekgdtc84jyy77sxkbsx 3981809 3981806 2026-08-17T17:33:19Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Editiones */ 3981809 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} '''''Contra Symmachum''''' est longum poema didacticum [[Hexameter|hexametris]] [[Dactylus|dactylicis]] compositum et in duos libros digestum quod poeta Christianus [[Aurelius Prudentius Clemens|Prudentius]] circa 402/3 (etenim [[Flavius Stilicho|Stilichonis]] victoriam ad [[Pollentia (Marchia Anconitana)|Pollentiam]] glorificabat) edidit. In hoc poemate Prudentius deos et sacra [[Paganismus|pagana]] deridet, Christianismum extollit, quod [[Genus litterarum|genus]] ad [[Apologetica|apologeticam]] pertinet. Fingit se [[Tolerantia|tolerandi]] paganismi argumentis a clarissimo viro [[Quintus Aurelius Symmachus|Quinto Aurelio Symmacho]] olim expositis respondere sed incertum est hoc temporis utrum Symmachus adhuc vixerit an iam obisset. Praeterea [[Ambrosius]] iam ei [[Controversia de ara Victoriae|responderat]]. Certe paganismus Christianismo periculum iamdiu non faciebat et Prudentius materiam sibi gratam et ad blanditias [[Honorius (imperator)|Honorii imperatoris]] idoneam elegit potius quam rerum cursum mutare voluit. == Editiones == *[[Collection des Universités de France]]: M. Lavarenne, ''Prudence Tome III : Psychomachie - Contre Symmaque'', Les Belles Lettres, 1948 * Hermann Tränkle, ''Prudentius: Contra Symmachum = Gegen Symmachus ; übersetzt und eingeleitet'', Turnhout, Brepols, 2008 (Fontes Christiani) == Plura legere si cupis == *T. D. Barnes, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/294097 The Historical Setting of Prudentius' Contra Symmachum]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 1976: 373-386 *T. D. Barnes et R. W. Westall. "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1088440 The Conversion of the Roman Aristocracy in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum"]", ''Phoenix'', 1991: 50-61 * JP Callu, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2006_ant_361_1_11713 Date et genèse du premier livre de Prudence contre Symmaque]", ''Revue des études latines'', 1981: 235-259 *Juan Manuel Danza, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/44740672b Ironia y violencia en "Contra Symmachum" de Prudencio]", ''Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica'', 2016: 97-109 *Siegmar Döpp,"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583983 Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum" eine Einheit?]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1986: 66-82 **"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4476633 Vergilische Elemente in Prudentius' 'Contra Symmachum']", ''Hermes'', 1988: 337-342 *Christian Gnilka, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h14q.14 Kaiser, Rom und Reich bei Prudentius]" in ''East and West in the Roman Empire of the Fourth Century: An End to Unity?'', 2015: 164-180 * Gaëlle Hébert de la Portbarré-Viard, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2018_num_197_1_1925 Symmaque dans le ''Contra Symmachum'' de Prudence : enjeux et significations d’une mise à mort littéraire]", ''Vita Latina'', 2018: 148-172 *Gert Partoens, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1584773 Acts 27-28 in the Preface to Prudentius's First "Liber contra Symmachum"]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 2003: 36-61 *D. Rohmann, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4477549 Das Langsame Sterben der Veterum Cultura Deorum: Pagane Kulte bei Prudentius]", ''Hermes'', 2003: 235-253 *Friedrich Solmsen, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1582646 The Powers of Darkness in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum": A Study of His Poetic Imagination]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1965: 237-257 *Wolf Steidle, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583046 Die dichterische Konzeption des Prudentius und das Gedicht Contra Symmachum]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1971: 241-281 == Fontes externi == * [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Libri_contra_Symmachum Textus] apud Vicifontem [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 5]] [[Categoria:Italiae scripta]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae aetatis Imperii]] [[Categoria:Carmina didactica]] [[Categoria:Religio Romana]] 74m6go48lq1tl7clciuiybi41drou6w 3981810 3981809 2026-08-17T17:42:15Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3981810 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} '''''Contra Symmachum''''' est longum poema didacticum [[Hexameter|hexametris]] [[Dactylus|dactylicis]] compositum et in duos libros digestum quod poeta Christianus [[Aurelius Prudentius Clemens|Prudentius]] circa 402/3 (etenim [[Flavius Stilicho|Stilichonis]] victoriam ad [[Pollentia (Marchia Anconitana)|Pollentiam]] glorificabat) edidit. In hoc poemate Prudentius deos et sacra [[Paganismus|pagana]] deridet, Christianismum extollit, quod [[Genus litterarum|genus]] ad [[Apologetica|apologeticam]] pertinet. Fingit se [[Tolerantia|tolerandi]] paganismi argumentis a clarissimo viro [[Quintus Aurelius Symmachus|Quinto Aurelio Symmacho]] olim expositis respondere sed incertum est hoc temporis utrum Symmachus adhuc vixerit an iam obisset. Praeterea [[Ambrosius]] iam ei [[Controversia de ara Victoriae|responderat]]. Certe paganismus Christianismo periculum iamdiu non faciebat et Prudentius materiam sibi gratam et ad blanditias [[Honorius (imperator)|Honorii imperatoris]] idoneam elegit potius quam rerum cursum mutare voluit. == Editiones == *[[Collection des Universités de France]]: M. Lavarenne, ''Prudence Tome III : Psychomachie - Contre Symmaque'', Les Belles Lettres, 1948 * Hermann Tränkle, ''Prudentius: Contra Symmachum = Gegen Symmachus ; übersetzt und eingeleitet'', Turnhout, Brepols, 2008 (Fontes Christiani) == Plura legere si cupis == *T. D. Barnes, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/294097 The Historical Setting of Prudentius' Contra Symmachum]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 1976: 373-386 *T. D. Barnes et R. W. Westall. "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1088440 The Conversion of the Roman Aristocracy in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum"]", ''Phoenix'', 1991: 50-61 * JP Callu, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2006_ant_361_1_11713 Date et genèse du premier livre de Prudence contre Symmaque]", ''Revue des études latines'', 1981: 235-259 *Juan Manuel Danza, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/44740672b Ironia y violencia en "Contra Symmachum" de Prudencio]", ''Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica'', 2016: 97-109 *Siegmar Döpp,"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583983 Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum" eine Einheit?]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1986: 66-82 **"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4476633 Vergilische Elemente in Prudentius' 'Contra Symmachum']", ''Hermes'', 1988: 337-342 *Christian Gnilka, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h14q.14 Kaiser, Rom und Reich bei Prudentius]" in ''East and West in the Roman Empire of the Fourth Century: An End to Unity?'', 2015: 164-180 * Gaëlle Hébert de la Portbarré-Viard, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2018_num_197_1_1925 Symmaque dans le ''Contra Symmachum'' de Prudence : enjeux et significations d’une mise à mort littéraire]", ''Vita Latina'', 2018: 148-172 *Thea Kraus, ''Prudentius' Contra Symmachum, Vergil und Rom : ein historisch-philologischer Beitrag zur Auseinandersetzung zwischen Christen und Heiden am Ende des 4. Jh. n. Chr.'', Reichert Verlag, 2022 *Gert Partoens, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1584773 Acts 27-28 in the Preface to Prudentius's First "Liber contra Symmachum"]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 2003: 36-61 *D. Rohmann, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4477549 Das Langsame Sterben der Veterum Cultura Deorum: Pagane Kulte bei Prudentius]", ''Hermes'', 2003: 235-253 *Friedrich Solmsen, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1582646 The Powers of Darkness in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum": A Study of His Poetic Imagination]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1965: 237-257 *Wolf Steidle, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583046 Die dichterische Konzeption des Prudentius und das Gedicht Contra Symmachum]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1971: 241-281 == Fontes externi == * [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Libri_contra_Symmachum Textus] apud Vicifontem [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 5]] [[Categoria:Italiae scripta]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae aetatis Imperii]] [[Categoria:Carmina didactica]] [[Categoria:Religio Romana]] 4owh3xv2jth4jpl5gr0nb441dxogy9s 3981815 3981810 2026-08-17T18:15:47Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3981815 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} '''''Contra Symmachum''''' est longum poema didacticum [[Hexameter|hexametris]] [[Dactylus|dactylicis]] compositum et in duos libros digestum quod poeta Christianus [[Aurelius Prudentius Clemens|Prudentius]] circa 402/3 (etenim [[Flavius Stilicho|Stilichonis]] victoriam ad [[Pollentia (Marchia Anconitana)|Pollentiam]] glorificabat) edidit. In hoc poemate Prudentius deos et sacra [[Paganismus|pagana]] deridet, Christianismum extollit, quod [[Genus litterarum|genus]] ad [[Apologetica|apologeticam]] pertinet. Fingit se [[Tolerantia|tolerandi]] paganismi argumentis a clarissimo viro [[Quintus Aurelius Symmachus|Quinto Aurelio Symmacho]] olim expositis respondere sed incertum est hoc temporis utrum Symmachus adhuc vixerit an iam obisset. Praeterea [[Ambrosius]] iam ei [[Controversia de ara Victoriae|responderat]]. Certe paganismus Christianismo periculum iamdiu non faciebat et Prudentius materiam sibi gratam et ad blanditias [[Honorius (imperator)|Honorii imperatoris]] idoneam elegit potius quam rerum cursum mutare voluit. == Editiones == *[[Collection des Universités de France]]: M. Lavarenne, ''Prudence Tome III : Psychomachie - Contre Symmaque'', Les Belles Lettres, 1948 * Hermann Tränkle, ''Prudentius: Contra Symmachum = Gegen Symmachus ; übersetzt und eingeleitet'', Turnhout, Brepols, 2008 (Fontes Christiani) == Plura legere si cupis == *T. D. Barnes, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/294097 The Historical Setting of Prudentius' Contra Symmachum]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 1976: 373-386 *T. D. Barnes et R. W. Westall. "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1088440 The Conversion of the Roman Aristocracy in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum"]", ''Phoenix'', 1991: 50-61 * JP Callu, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2006_ant_361_1_11713 Date et genèse du premier livre de Prudence contre Symmaque]", ''Revue des études latines'', 1981: 235-259 *Juan Manuel Danza, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/44740672b Ironia y violencia en "Contra Symmachum" de Prudencio]", ''Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica'', 2016: 97-109 *Siegmar Döpp,"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583983 Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum" eine Einheit?]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1986: 66-82 **"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4476633 Vergilische Elemente in Prudentius' 'Contra Symmachum']", ''Hermes'', 1988: 337-342 *Christian Gnilka, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h14q.14 Kaiser, Rom und Reich bei Prudentius]" in ''East and West in the Roman Empire of the Fourth Century: An End to Unity?'', 2015: 164-180 ** ''Prudentius Contra orationem Symmachi : eine kritische Revue'', Aschendorff verlag, 2017 * Gaëlle Hébert de la Portbarré-Viard, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2018_num_197_1_1925 Symmaque dans le ''Contra Symmachum'' de Prudence : enjeux et significations d’une mise à mort littéraire]", ''Vita Latina'', 2018: 148-172 *Thea Kraus, ''Prudentius' Contra Symmachum, Vergil und Rom : ein historisch-philologischer Beitrag zur Auseinandersetzung zwischen Christen und Heiden am Ende des 4. Jh. n. Chr.'', Reichert Verlag, 2022 *Gert Partoens, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1584773 Acts 27-28 in the Preface to Prudentius's First "Liber contra Symmachum"]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 2003: 36-61 *D. Rohmann, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4477549 Das Langsame Sterben der Veterum Cultura Deorum: Pagane Kulte bei Prudentius]", ''Hermes'', 2003: 235-253 *Friedrich Solmsen, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1582646 The Powers of Darkness in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum": A Study of His Poetic Imagination]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1965: 237-257 *Wolf Steidle, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583046 Die dichterische Konzeption des Prudentius und das Gedicht Contra Symmachum]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1971: 241-281 == Fontes externi == * [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Libri_contra_Symmachum Textus] apud Vicifontem [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 5]] [[Categoria:Italiae scripta]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae aetatis Imperii]] [[Categoria:Carmina didactica]] [[Categoria:Religio Romana]] pdyukmbi30xl6mxe43b0n4gnpcasps2 3981816 3981815 2026-08-17T18:19:43Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3981816 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} '''''Contra Symmachum''''' est longum poema didacticum [[Hexameter|hexametris]] [[Dactylus|dactylicis]] compositum et in duos libros digestum quod poeta Christianus [[Aurelius Prudentius Clemens|Prudentius]] circa 402/3 (etenim [[Flavius Stilicho|Stilichonis]] victoriam ad [[Pollentia (Marchia Anconitana)|Pollentiam]] glorificabat) edidit. In hoc poemate Prudentius deos et sacra [[Paganismus|pagana]] deridet, Christianismum extollit, quod [[Genus litterarum|genus]] ad [[Apologetica|apologeticam]] pertinet. Fingit se [[Tolerantia|tolerandi]] paganismi argumentis a clarissimo viro [[Quintus Aurelius Symmachus|Quinto Aurelio Symmacho]] olim expositis respondere sed incertum est hoc temporis utrum Symmachus adhuc vixerit an iam obisset. Praeterea [[Ambrosius]] iam ei [[Controversia de ara Victoriae|responderat]]. Certe paganismus Christianismo periculum iamdiu non faciebat et Prudentius materiam sibi gratam et ad blanditias [[Honorius (imperator)|Honorii imperatoris]] idoneam elegit potius quam rerum cursum mutare voluit. == Editiones == *[[Collection des Universités de France]]: M. Lavarenne, ''Prudence Tome III : Psychomachie - Contre Symmaque'', Les Belles Lettres, 1948 * Hermann Tränkle, ''Prudentius: Contra Symmachum = Gegen Symmachus ; übersetzt und eingeleitet'', Turnhout, Brepols, 2008 (Fontes Christiani) == Plura legere si cupis == *T. D. Barnes, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/294097 The Historical Setting of Prudentius' Contra Symmachum]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 1976: 373-386 *T. D. Barnes et R. W. Westall. "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1088440 The Conversion of the Roman Aristocracy in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum"]", ''Phoenix'', 1991: 50-61 * JP Callu, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2006_ant_361_1_11713 Date et genèse du premier livre de Prudence contre Symmaque]", ''Revue des études latines'', 1981: 235-259 *Juan Manuel Danza, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/44740672b Ironia y violencia en "Contra Symmachum" de Prudencio]", ''Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica'', 2016: 97-109 *Siegmar Döpp,"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583983 Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum" eine Einheit?]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1986: 66-82 **"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4476633 Vergilische Elemente in Prudentius' 'Contra Symmachum']", ''Hermes'', 1988: 337-342 *Christian Gnilka, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h14q.14 Kaiser, Rom und Reich bei Prudentius]" in ''East and West in the Roman Empire of the Fourth Century: An End to Unity?'', 2015: 164-180 ** ''Prudentius Contra orationem Symmachi : eine kritische Revue'', Aschendorff verlag, 2017 * Gaëlle Hébert de la Portbarré-Viard, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2018_num_197_1_1925 Symmaque dans le ''Contra Symmachum'' de Prudence : enjeux et significations d’une mise à mort littéraire]", ''Vita Latina'', 2018: 148-172 *Thea Kraus, ''Prudentius' Contra Symmachum, Vergil und Rom : ein historisch-philologischer Beitrag zur Auseinandersetzung zwischen Christen und Heiden am Ende des 4. Jh. n. Chr.'', Reichert Verlag, 2022 *Lydia Krollpfeifer, ''Rom bei Prudentius: Dichtung und Weltanschauung in 'Contra orationem Symmachi'''. Göttingen: Edition Ruprecht, 2017 [https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2018/2018.06.22 Recensio critica] *Gert Partoens, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1584773 Acts 27-28 in the Preface to Prudentius's First "Liber contra Symmachum"]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 2003: 36-61 *D. Rohmann, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4477549 Das Langsame Sterben der Veterum Cultura Deorum: Pagane Kulte bei Prudentius]", ''Hermes'', 2003: 235-253 *Friedrich Solmsen, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1582646 The Powers of Darkness in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum": A Study of His Poetic Imagination]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1965: 237-257 *Wolf Steidle, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583046 Die dichterische Konzeption des Prudentius und das Gedicht Contra Symmachum]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1971: 241-281 == Fontes externi == * [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Libri_contra_Symmachum Textus] apud Vicifontem [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 5]] [[Categoria:Italiae scripta]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae aetatis Imperii]] [[Categoria:Carmina didactica]] [[Categoria:Religio Romana]] al4bw4h2928r2kkj8z3mnqn00bhhgpe 3981817 3981816 2026-08-17T18:26:01Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Editiones */ 3981817 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} '''''Contra Symmachum''''' est longum poema didacticum [[Hexameter|hexametris]] [[Dactylus|dactylicis]] compositum et in duos libros digestum quod poeta Christianus [[Aurelius Prudentius Clemens|Prudentius]] circa 402/3 (etenim [[Flavius Stilicho|Stilichonis]] victoriam ad [[Pollentia (Marchia Anconitana)|Pollentiam]] glorificabat) edidit. In hoc poemate Prudentius deos et sacra [[Paganismus|pagana]] deridet, Christianismum extollit, quod [[Genus litterarum|genus]] ad [[Apologetica|apologeticam]] pertinet. Fingit se [[Tolerantia|tolerandi]] paganismi argumentis a clarissimo viro [[Quintus Aurelius Symmachus|Quinto Aurelio Symmacho]] olim expositis respondere sed incertum est hoc temporis utrum Symmachus adhuc vixerit an iam obisset. Praeterea [[Ambrosius]] iam ei [[Controversia de ara Victoriae|responderat]]. Certe paganismus Christianismo periculum iamdiu non faciebat et Prudentius materiam sibi gratam et ad blanditias [[Honorius (imperator)|Honorii imperatoris]] idoneam elegit potius quam rerum cursum mutare voluit. == Editiones == *[[Collection des Universités de France]]: M. Lavarenne, ''Prudence Tome III : Psychomachie - Contre Symmaque'', Les Belles Lettres, 1948 * Giovanni Garuti, ''Prudentius Contra Symmachum ; testo, traduzione e commento'', Romae, 1996 * Hermann Tränkle, ''Prudentius: Contra Symmachum = Gegen Symmachus ; übersetzt und eingeleitet'', Turnhout, Brepols, 2008 (Fontes Christiani) == Plura legere si cupis == *T. D. Barnes, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/294097 The Historical Setting of Prudentius' Contra Symmachum]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 1976: 373-386 *T. D. Barnes et R. W. Westall. "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1088440 The Conversion of the Roman Aristocracy in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum"]", ''Phoenix'', 1991: 50-61 * JP Callu, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2006_ant_361_1_11713 Date et genèse du premier livre de Prudence contre Symmaque]", ''Revue des études latines'', 1981: 235-259 *Juan Manuel Danza, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/44740672b Ironia y violencia en "Contra Symmachum" de Prudencio]", ''Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica'', 2016: 97-109 *Siegmar Döpp,"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583983 Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum" eine Einheit?]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1986: 66-82 **"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4476633 Vergilische Elemente in Prudentius' 'Contra Symmachum']", ''Hermes'', 1988: 337-342 *Christian Gnilka, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h14q.14 Kaiser, Rom und Reich bei Prudentius]" in ''East and West in the Roman Empire of the Fourth Century: An End to Unity?'', 2015: 164-180 ** ''Prudentius Contra orationem Symmachi : eine kritische Revue'', Aschendorff verlag, 2017 * Gaëlle Hébert de la Portbarré-Viard, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2018_num_197_1_1925 Symmaque dans le ''Contra Symmachum'' de Prudence : enjeux et significations d’une mise à mort littéraire]", ''Vita Latina'', 2018: 148-172 *Thea Kraus, ''Prudentius' Contra Symmachum, Vergil und Rom : ein historisch-philologischer Beitrag zur Auseinandersetzung zwischen Christen und Heiden am Ende des 4. Jh. n. Chr.'', Reichert Verlag, 2022 *Lydia Krollpfeifer, ''Rom bei Prudentius: Dichtung und Weltanschauung in 'Contra orationem Symmachi'''. Göttingen: Edition Ruprecht, 2017 [https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2018/2018.06.22 Recensio critica] *Gert Partoens, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1584773 Acts 27-28 in the Preface to Prudentius's First "Liber contra Symmachum"]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 2003: 36-61 *D. Rohmann, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4477549 Das Langsame Sterben der Veterum Cultura Deorum: Pagane Kulte bei Prudentius]", ''Hermes'', 2003: 235-253 *Friedrich Solmsen, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1582646 The Powers of Darkness in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum": A Study of His Poetic Imagination]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1965: 237-257 *Wolf Steidle, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583046 Die dichterische Konzeption des Prudentius und das Gedicht Contra Symmachum]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1971: 241-281 == Fontes externi == * [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Libri_contra_Symmachum Textus] apud Vicifontem [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 5]] [[Categoria:Italiae scripta]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae aetatis Imperii]] [[Categoria:Carmina didactica]] [[Categoria:Religio Romana]] o6yicl5wehybzwd320zfijt0j00h6xb 3981819 3981817 2026-08-17T18:31:34Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Fontes externi */ 3981819 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} '''''Contra Symmachum''''' est longum poema didacticum [[Hexameter|hexametris]] [[Dactylus|dactylicis]] compositum et in duos libros digestum quod poeta Christianus [[Aurelius Prudentius Clemens|Prudentius]] circa 402/3 (etenim [[Flavius Stilicho|Stilichonis]] victoriam ad [[Pollentia (Marchia Anconitana)|Pollentiam]] glorificabat) edidit. In hoc poemate Prudentius deos et sacra [[Paganismus|pagana]] deridet, Christianismum extollit, quod [[Genus litterarum|genus]] ad [[Apologetica|apologeticam]] pertinet. Fingit se [[Tolerantia|tolerandi]] paganismi argumentis a clarissimo viro [[Quintus Aurelius Symmachus|Quinto Aurelio Symmacho]] olim expositis respondere sed incertum est hoc temporis utrum Symmachus adhuc vixerit an iam obisset. Praeterea [[Ambrosius]] iam ei [[Controversia de ara Victoriae|responderat]]. Certe paganismus Christianismo periculum iamdiu non faciebat et Prudentius materiam sibi gratam et ad blanditias [[Honorius (imperator)|Honorii imperatoris]] idoneam elegit potius quam rerum cursum mutare voluit. == Editiones == *[[Collection des Universités de France]]: M. Lavarenne, ''Prudence Tome III : Psychomachie - Contre Symmaque'', Les Belles Lettres, 1948 * Giovanni Garuti, ''Prudentius Contra Symmachum ; testo, traduzione e commento'', Romae, 1996 * Hermann Tränkle, ''Prudentius: Contra Symmachum = Gegen Symmachus ; übersetzt und eingeleitet'', Turnhout, Brepols, 2008 (Fontes Christiani) == Plura legere si cupis == *T. D. Barnes, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/294097 The Historical Setting of Prudentius' Contra Symmachum]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 1976: 373-386 *T. D. Barnes et R. W. Westall. "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1088440 The Conversion of the Roman Aristocracy in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum"]", ''Phoenix'', 1991: 50-61 * JP Callu, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2006_ant_361_1_11713 Date et genèse du premier livre de Prudence contre Symmaque]", ''Revue des études latines'', 1981: 235-259 *Juan Manuel Danza, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/44740672b Ironia y violencia en "Contra Symmachum" de Prudencio]", ''Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica'', 2016: 97-109 *Siegmar Döpp,"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583983 Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum" eine Einheit?]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1986: 66-82 **"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4476633 Vergilische Elemente in Prudentius' 'Contra Symmachum']", ''Hermes'', 1988: 337-342 *Christian Gnilka, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h14q.14 Kaiser, Rom und Reich bei Prudentius]" in ''East and West in the Roman Empire of the Fourth Century: An End to Unity?'', 2015: 164-180 ** ''Prudentius Contra orationem Symmachi : eine kritische Revue'', Aschendorff verlag, 2017 * Gaëlle Hébert de la Portbarré-Viard, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2018_num_197_1_1925 Symmaque dans le ''Contra Symmachum'' de Prudence : enjeux et significations d’une mise à mort littéraire]", ''Vita Latina'', 2018: 148-172 *Thea Kraus, ''Prudentius' Contra Symmachum, Vergil und Rom : ein historisch-philologischer Beitrag zur Auseinandersetzung zwischen Christen und Heiden am Ende des 4. Jh. n. Chr.'', Reichert Verlag, 2022 *Lydia Krollpfeifer, ''Rom bei Prudentius: Dichtung und Weltanschauung in 'Contra orationem Symmachi'''. Göttingen: Edition Ruprecht, 2017 [https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2018/2018.06.22 Recensio critica] *Gert Partoens, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1584773 Acts 27-28 in the Preface to Prudentius's First "Liber contra Symmachum"]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 2003: 36-61 *D. Rohmann, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4477549 Das Langsame Sterben der Veterum Cultura Deorum: Pagane Kulte bei Prudentius]", ''Hermes'', 2003: 235-253 *Friedrich Solmsen, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1582646 The Powers of Darkness in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum": A Study of His Poetic Imagination]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1965: 237-257 *Wolf Steidle, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583046 Die dichterische Konzeption des Prudentius und das Gedicht Contra Symmachum]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1971: 241-281 == Fontes externi == * [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Libri_contra_Symmachum Textus] apud Vicifontem * [https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2017_num_195_1_1855 Bibliographia] [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 5]] [[Categoria:Italiae scripta]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae aetatis Imperii]] [[Categoria:Carmina didactica]] [[Categoria:Religio Romana]] 940e5ctadex4ros6wich4d5s91usbya 3981820 3981819 2026-08-17T18:35:13Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3981820 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} '''''Contra Symmachum''''' est longum poema didacticum [[Hexameter|hexametris]] [[Dactylus|dactylicis]] compositum et in duos libros digestum quod poeta Christianus [[Aurelius Prudentius Clemens|Prudentius]] circa 402/3 (etenim [[Flavius Stilicho|Stilichonis]] victoriam ad [[Pollentia (Marchia Anconitana)|Pollentiam]] glorificabat) edidit. In hoc poemate Prudentius deos et sacra [[Paganismus|pagana]] deridet, Christianismum extollit, quod [[Genus litterarum|genus]] ad [[Apologetica|apologeticam]] pertinet. Fingit se [[Tolerantia|tolerandi]] paganismi argumentis a clarissimo viro [[Quintus Aurelius Symmachus|Quinto Aurelio Symmacho]] olim expositis respondere sed incertum est hoc temporis utrum Symmachus adhuc vixerit an iam obisset. Praeterea [[Ambrosius]] iam ei [[Controversia de ara Victoriae|responderat]]. Certe paganismus Christianismo periculum iamdiu non faciebat et Prudentius materiam sibi gratam et ad blanditias [[Honorius (imperator)|Honorii imperatoris]] idoneam elegit potius quam rerum cursum mutare voluit. == Editiones == *[[Collection des Universités de France]]: M. Lavarenne, ''Prudence Tome III : Psychomachie - Contre Symmaque'', Les Belles Lettres, 1948 * Giovanni Garuti, ''Prudentius Contra Symmachum ; testo, traduzione e commento'', Romae, 1996 * Hermann Tränkle, ''Prudentius: Contra Symmachum = Gegen Symmachus ; übersetzt und eingeleitet'', Turnhout, Brepols, 2008 (Fontes Christiani) == Plura legere si cupis == *T. D. Barnes, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/294097 The Historical Setting of Prudentius' Contra Symmachum]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 1976: 373-386 *T. D. Barnes et R. W. Westall. "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1088440 The Conversion of the Roman Aristocracy in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum"]", ''Phoenix'', 1991: 50-61 * JP Callu, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2006_ant_361_1_11713 Date et genèse du premier livre de Prudence contre Symmaque]", ''Revue des études latines'', 1981: 235-259 *Juan Manuel Danza, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/44740672b Ironia y violencia en "Contra Symmachum" de Prudencio]", ''Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica'', 2016: 97-109 *Siegmar Döpp,"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583983 Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum" eine Einheit?]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1986: 66-82 **"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4476633 Vergilische Elemente in Prudentius' 'Contra Symmachum']", ''Hermes'', 1988: 337-342 *Christian Gnilka, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h14q.14 Kaiser, Rom und Reich bei Prudentius]" in ''East and West in the Roman Empire of the Fourth Century: An End to Unity?'', 2015: 164-180 ** ''Prudentius Contra orationem Symmachi : eine kritische Revue'', Aschendorff verlag, 2017 * Gaëlle Hébert de la Portbarré-Viard, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2018_num_197_1_1925 Symmaque dans le ''Contra Symmachum'' de Prudence : enjeux et significations d’une mise à mort littéraire]", ''Vita Latina'', 2018: 148-172 *Thea Kraus, ''Prudentius' Contra Symmachum, Vergil und Rom : ein historisch-philologischer Beitrag zur Auseinandersetzung zwischen Christen und Heiden am Ende des 4. Jh. n. Chr.'', Reichert Verlag, 2022 *Lydia Krollpfeifer, ''Rom bei Prudentius: Dichtung und Weltanschauung in 'Contra orationem Symmachi'''. Göttingen: Edition Ruprecht, 2017 [https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2018/2018.06.22 Recensio critica] *Gert Partoens, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1584773 Acts 27-28 in the Preface to Prudentius's First "Liber contra Symmachum"]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 2003: 36-61 *D. Rohmann, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4477549 Das Langsame Sterben der Veterum Cultura Deorum: Pagane Kulte bei Prudentius]", ''Hermes'', 2003: 235-253 *Danuta Shanzer, "The date and composition of Prudentius's Contra orationem symmachi libri", ''Rivista di Filologia e di Istruzione Classica'', 1989: 442-462 *Friedrich Solmsen, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1582646 The Powers of Darkness in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum": A Study of His Poetic Imagination]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1965: 237-257 *Wolf Steidle, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583046 Die dichterische Konzeption des Prudentius und das Gedicht Contra Symmachum]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1971: 241-281 == Fontes externi == * [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Libri_contra_Symmachum Textus] apud Vicifontem * [https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2017_num_195_1_1855 Bibliographia] [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 5]] [[Categoria:Italiae scripta]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae aetatis Imperii]] [[Categoria:Carmina didactica]] [[Categoria:Religio Romana]] e6x2ykh1vyf2igpadtme0ktncv41tlg 3981821 3981820 2026-08-17T18:36:15Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 3981821 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} '''''Contra Symmachum''''' (nonnumquam etiam '''''Contra orationem Symmachi''''') est longum poema didacticum [[Hexameter|hexametris]] [[Dactylus|dactylicis]] compositum et in duos libros digestum quod poeta Christianus [[Aurelius Prudentius Clemens|Prudentius]] circa 402/3 (etenim [[Flavius Stilicho|Stilichonis]] victoriam ad [[Pollentia (Marchia Anconitana)|Pollentiam]] glorificabat) edidit. In hoc poemate Prudentius deos et sacra [[Paganismus|pagana]] deridet, Christianismum extollit, quod [[Genus litterarum|genus]] ad [[Apologetica|apologeticam]] pertinet. Fingit se [[Tolerantia|tolerandi]] paganismi argumentis a clarissimo viro [[Quintus Aurelius Symmachus|Quinto Aurelio Symmacho]] olim expositis respondere sed incertum est hoc temporis utrum Symmachus adhuc vixerit an iam obisset. Praeterea [[Ambrosius]] iam ei [[Controversia de ara Victoriae|responderat]]. Certe paganismus Christianismo periculum iamdiu non faciebat et Prudentius materiam sibi gratam et ad blanditias [[Honorius (imperator)|Honorii imperatoris]] idoneam elegit potius quam rerum cursum mutare voluit. == Editiones == *[[Collection des Universités de France]]: M. Lavarenne, ''Prudence Tome III : Psychomachie - Contre Symmaque'', Les Belles Lettres, 1948 * Giovanni Garuti, ''Prudentius Contra Symmachum ; testo, traduzione e commento'', Romae, 1996 * Hermann Tränkle, ''Prudentius: Contra Symmachum = Gegen Symmachus ; übersetzt und eingeleitet'', Turnhout, Brepols, 2008 (Fontes Christiani) == Plura legere si cupis == *T. D. Barnes, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/294097 The Historical Setting of Prudentius' Contra Symmachum]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 1976: 373-386 *T. D. Barnes et R. W. Westall. "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1088440 The Conversion of the Roman Aristocracy in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum"]", ''Phoenix'', 1991: 50-61 * JP Callu, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2006_ant_361_1_11713 Date et genèse du premier livre de Prudence contre Symmaque]", ''Revue des études latines'', 1981: 235-259 *Juan Manuel Danza, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/44740672b Ironia y violencia en "Contra Symmachum" de Prudencio]", ''Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica'', 2016: 97-109 *Siegmar Döpp,"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583983 Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum" eine Einheit?]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1986: 66-82 **"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4476633 Vergilische Elemente in Prudentius' 'Contra Symmachum']", ''Hermes'', 1988: 337-342 *Christian Gnilka, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h14q.14 Kaiser, Rom und Reich bei Prudentius]" in ''East and West in the Roman Empire of the Fourth Century: An End to Unity?'', 2015: 164-180 ** ''Prudentius Contra orationem Symmachi : eine kritische Revue'', Aschendorff verlag, 2017 * Gaëlle Hébert de la Portbarré-Viard, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2018_num_197_1_1925 Symmaque dans le ''Contra Symmachum'' de Prudence : enjeux et significations d’une mise à mort littéraire]", ''Vita Latina'', 2018: 148-172 *Thea Kraus, ''Prudentius' Contra Symmachum, Vergil und Rom : ein historisch-philologischer Beitrag zur Auseinandersetzung zwischen Christen und Heiden am Ende des 4. Jh. n. Chr.'', Reichert Verlag, 2022 *Lydia Krollpfeifer, ''Rom bei Prudentius: Dichtung und Weltanschauung in 'Contra orationem Symmachi'''. Göttingen: Edition Ruprecht, 2017 [https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2018/2018.06.22 Recensio critica] *Gert Partoens, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1584773 Acts 27-28 in the Preface to Prudentius's First "Liber contra Symmachum"]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 2003: 36-61 *D. Rohmann, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4477549 Das Langsame Sterben der Veterum Cultura Deorum: Pagane Kulte bei Prudentius]", ''Hermes'', 2003: 235-253 *Danuta Shanzer, "The date and composition of Prudentius's Contra orationem symmachi libri", ''Rivista di Filologia e di Istruzione Classica'', 1989: 442-462 *Friedrich Solmsen, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1582646 The Powers of Darkness in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum": A Study of His Poetic Imagination]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1965: 237-257 *Wolf Steidle, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583046 Die dichterische Konzeption des Prudentius und das Gedicht Contra Symmachum]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1971: 241-281 == Fontes externi == * [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Libri_contra_Symmachum Textus] apud Vicifontem * [https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2017_num_195_1_1855 Bibliographia] [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 5]] [[Categoria:Italiae scripta]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae aetatis Imperii]] [[Categoria:Carmina didactica]] [[Categoria:Religio Romana]] ifdo3mz4phksgeqvyg29o297zncl2w7 3981822 3981821 2026-08-17T18:36:51Z Marcus Terentius Bibliophilus 2059 /* Plura legere si cupis */ 3981822 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Titulus italicus}} '''''Contra Symmachum''''' (nonnumquam etiam '''''Contra orationem Symmachi''''') est longum poema didacticum [[Hexameter|hexametris]] [[Dactylus|dactylicis]] compositum et in duos libros digestum quod poeta Christianus [[Aurelius Prudentius Clemens|Prudentius]] circa 402/3 (etenim [[Flavius Stilicho|Stilichonis]] victoriam ad [[Pollentia (Marchia Anconitana)|Pollentiam]] glorificabat) edidit. In hoc poemate Prudentius deos et sacra [[Paganismus|pagana]] deridet, Christianismum extollit, quod [[Genus litterarum|genus]] ad [[Apologetica|apologeticam]] pertinet. Fingit se [[Tolerantia|tolerandi]] paganismi argumentis a clarissimo viro [[Quintus Aurelius Symmachus|Quinto Aurelio Symmacho]] olim expositis respondere sed incertum est hoc temporis utrum Symmachus adhuc vixerit an iam obisset. Praeterea [[Ambrosius]] iam ei [[Controversia de ara Victoriae|responderat]]. Certe paganismus Christianismo periculum iamdiu non faciebat et Prudentius materiam sibi gratam et ad blanditias [[Honorius (imperator)|Honorii imperatoris]] idoneam elegit potius quam rerum cursum mutare voluit. == Editiones == *[[Collection des Universités de France]]: M. Lavarenne, ''Prudence Tome III : Psychomachie - Contre Symmaque'', Les Belles Lettres, 1948 * Giovanni Garuti, ''Prudentius Contra Symmachum ; testo, traduzione e commento'', Romae, 1996 * Hermann Tränkle, ''Prudentius: Contra Symmachum = Gegen Symmachus ; übersetzt und eingeleitet'', Turnhout, Brepols, 2008 (Fontes Christiani) == Plura legere si cupis == *T. D. Barnes, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/294097 The Historical Setting of Prudentius' Contra Symmachum]", ''The American Journal of Philology'', 1976: 373-386 *T. D. Barnes et R. W. Westall. "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1088440 The Conversion of the Roman Aristocracy in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum"]", ''Phoenix'', 1991: 50-61 * JP Callu, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0223-5099_2006_ant_361_1_11713 Date et genèse du premier livre de Prudence contre Symmaque]", ''Revue des études latines'', 1981: 235-259 *Juan Manuel Danza, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/44740672b Ironia y violencia en "Contra Symmachum" de Prudencio]", ''Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica'', 2016: 97-109 *Siegmar Döpp,"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583983 Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum" eine Einheit?]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1986: 66-82 **"[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4476633 Vergilische Elemente in Prudentius' 'Contra Symmachum']", ''Hermes'', 1988: 337-342 *Christian Gnilka, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h14q.14 Kaiser, Rom und Reich bei Prudentius]" in ''East and West in the Roman Empire of the Fourth Century: An End to Unity?'', 2015: 164-180 ** ''Prudentius Contra orationem Symmachi : eine kritische Revue'', Aschendorff verlag, 2017 * Gaëlle Hébert de la Portbarré-Viard, "[https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2018_num_197_1_1925 Symmaque dans le ''Contra Symmachum'' de Prudence : enjeux et significations d’une mise à mort littéraire]", ''Vita Latina'', 2018: 148-172 *Thea Kraus, ''Prudentius' Contra Symmachum, Vergil und Rom : ein historisch-philologischer Beitrag zur Auseinandersetzung zwischen Christen und Heiden am Ende des 4. Jh. n. Chr.'', Reichert Verlag, 2022 *Lydia Krollpfeifer, ''Rom bei Prudentius: Dichtung und Weltanschauung in 'Contra orationem Symmachi'''. Göttingen: Edition Ruprecht, 2017 [https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2018/2018.06.22 Recensio critica] *Gert Partoens, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1584773 Acts 27-28 in the Preface to Prudentius's First "Liber contra Symmachum"]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 2003: 36-61 *D. Rohmann, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/4477549 Das Langsame Sterben der Veterum Cultura Deorum: Pagane Kulte bei Prudentius]", ''Hermes'', 2003: 235-253 *Danuta Shanzer, "The date and composition of Prudentius's Contra orationem Symmachi libri", ''Rivista di Filologia e di Istruzione Classica'', 1989: 442-462 *Friedrich Solmsen, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1582646 The Powers of Darkness in Prudentius' "Contra Symmachum": A Study of His Poetic Imagination]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1965: 237-257 *Wolf Steidle, "[https://www-jstor-org.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/stable/1583046 Die dichterische Konzeption des Prudentius und das Gedicht Contra Symmachum]", ''Vigiliae Christianae'', 1971: 241-281 == Fontes externi == * [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Libri_contra_Symmachum Textus] apud Vicifontem * [https://www.persee.fr/doc/vita_0042-7306_2017_num_195_1_1855 Bibliographia] [[Categoria:Scripta saeculo 5]] [[Categoria:Italiae scripta]] [[Categoria:Litterae Latinae aetatis Imperii]] [[Categoria:Carmina didactica]] [[Categoria:Religio Romana]] g8yipq95uxeoqo2hw5wu07u2941gf91 Ioannes Polić Kamov 0 327775 3981933 3981780 2026-08-18T01:23:03Z Bartholomite 116968 3981933 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina non annexa}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Ioannes Polić Kamov}} (vulgo ''Janko''; [[1886]]–[[1910]]) fuit [[poeta]], prosator atque [[scriptor]] dramaticus [[Croatia|Croaticus]] fuit, cuius opera ad primam modernitatem atque expressionismum pertinent. Stylum audacem, abruptum, saepe provocantem coluit, quo a poetis aetatis suae se disiunxit. Rebellio et provocatio adversus consuetudines sociales litterariasque, praesertim in tractatione argumentorum et in audacia sermonis, effecerunt ut interdum “poeta rebellis” appellaretur. Locus quem Kamov in litteris Croaticis obtinet nonnullas analogias ostendit cum munere quod Arthur Rimbaud in litteris Francogallicis habet. Cognomen litterarium “Kamov” sibi assumpsit ex nomine Cham sive Ham, filii Noë Veteris Testamenti, qui patrem suum nudum et ebrium invenit nec eum operuit, sed irridit atque derisit; quo factum est ut Noë postea Cham malediceret. Notissima eius opera sunt libri poetici ''Psovka'' (Maledictio) et ''Ištipana hartija'' (Charta lacerata), romanus ''Isušena kaljuža'' (Calyx exsiccatus), necnon drama ''Tragedija mozgova'' (Tragoedia cerebrorum). Iuvenis mortuus est, sed in litteris Croaticis vestigium profundum reliquit. == Opera == * '''''Psovka''''' — liber poeticus (1907) — compositus anno 1905 Latine: [[s:la:Maledictio|Maledictio]] * '''''Ištipana hartija''''' — liber poeticus (1907) Latine: [[s:la:Charta lacerata|Charta lacerata]] * '''''Tragedija mozgova''''' — drama (1907) Latine: ''Tragoedia cerebrorum'' * '''''Na rođenoj grudi''''' — drama (1907) Latine: ''In nativa gleba'' == Opera posthuma == * '''''Ćaskanja''''' — commentarii (1914) Latine: ''Confabulationes'' * '''''Novele i eseji''''' — fabulae breves et commentationes (1938) Latine: ''Novellae et commentationes'' * '''''Samostanske drame''''' — dramata (1956–1958) Latine: ''Dramata claustralia'' * '''''Čovječanstvo''''' — drama (1956–1958) Latine: ''Humanitas'' * '''''Mamino srce''''' — drama (1956–1958) Latine: ''Cor matris'' * '''''Isušena kaljuža''''' — romanus (1957) — scripta annis 1906–1909 Latine: ''Calyx exsiccatus'' == Bibliographia == * [https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/polic-kamov-janko Polić Kamov, Janko]. ''Hrvatska enciklopedija'', editio digitalis. Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, 2013–2026. Adiit die 2 mensis Iulii 2026. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Janko Polić Kamov|Ioannem Polić Kamov}} {{Fontes biographici}} {{Anni vitae|1886|1910|Polić Kamov, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] bh26w37snaipgmg8552nunqwzf8sigm 3981934 3981933 2026-08-18T01:23:24Z Bartholomite 116968 Bartholomite movit paginam [[Janko Polić Kamov]] ad [[Ioannes Polić Kamov]]: latine 3981933 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina non annexa}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Ioannes Polić Kamov}} (vulgo ''Janko''; [[1886]]–[[1910]]) fuit [[poeta]], prosator atque [[scriptor]] dramaticus [[Croatia|Croaticus]] fuit, cuius opera ad primam modernitatem atque expressionismum pertinent. Stylum audacem, abruptum, saepe provocantem coluit, quo a poetis aetatis suae se disiunxit. Rebellio et provocatio adversus consuetudines sociales litterariasque, praesertim in tractatione argumentorum et in audacia sermonis, effecerunt ut interdum “poeta rebellis” appellaretur. Locus quem Kamov in litteris Croaticis obtinet nonnullas analogias ostendit cum munere quod Arthur Rimbaud in litteris Francogallicis habet. Cognomen litterarium “Kamov” sibi assumpsit ex nomine Cham sive Ham, filii Noë Veteris Testamenti, qui patrem suum nudum et ebrium invenit nec eum operuit, sed irridit atque derisit; quo factum est ut Noë postea Cham malediceret. Notissima eius opera sunt libri poetici ''Psovka'' (Maledictio) et ''Ištipana hartija'' (Charta lacerata), romanus ''Isušena kaljuža'' (Calyx exsiccatus), necnon drama ''Tragedija mozgova'' (Tragoedia cerebrorum). Iuvenis mortuus est, sed in litteris Croaticis vestigium profundum reliquit. == Opera == * '''''Psovka''''' — liber poeticus (1907) — compositus anno 1905 Latine: [[s:la:Maledictio|Maledictio]] * '''''Ištipana hartija''''' — liber poeticus (1907) Latine: [[s:la:Charta lacerata|Charta lacerata]] * '''''Tragedija mozgova''''' — drama (1907) Latine: ''Tragoedia cerebrorum'' * '''''Na rođenoj grudi''''' — drama (1907) Latine: ''In nativa gleba'' == Opera posthuma == * '''''Ćaskanja''''' — commentarii (1914) Latine: ''Confabulationes'' * '''''Novele i eseji''''' — fabulae breves et commentationes (1938) Latine: ''Novellae et commentationes'' * '''''Samostanske drame''''' — dramata (1956–1958) Latine: ''Dramata claustralia'' * '''''Čovječanstvo''''' — drama (1956–1958) Latine: ''Humanitas'' * '''''Mamino srce''''' — drama (1956–1958) Latine: ''Cor matris'' * '''''Isušena kaljuža''''' — romanus (1957) — scripta annis 1906–1909 Latine: ''Calyx exsiccatus'' == Bibliographia == * [https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/polic-kamov-janko Polić Kamov, Janko]. ''Hrvatska enciklopedija'', editio digitalis. Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, 2013–2026. Adiit die 2 mensis Iulii 2026. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Janko Polić Kamov|Ioannem Polić Kamov}} {{Fontes biographici}} {{Anni vitae|1886|1910|Polić Kamov, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] bh26w37snaipgmg8552nunqwzf8sigm 3981982 3981934 2026-08-18T07:14:02Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 mutatio minor 3981982 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina non annexa}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Ioannes Polić Kamov}} (vulgo ''Janko''; [[1886]]–[[1910]]) fuit [[poeta]], prosator atque [[scriptor]] dramaticus [[Croatia|Croaticus]], cuius opera ad primam modernitatem atque expressionismum pertinent. Stylum audacem, abruptum, saepe provocantem coluit, quo a poetis aetatis suae se disiunxit. Rebellio et provocatio adversus consuetudines sociales litterariasque, praesertim in tractatione argumentorum et in audacia sermonis, effecerunt ut interdum “poeta rebellis” appellaretur. Locus quem Kamov in litteris Croaticis obtinet nonnullas analogias ostendit cum munere quod Arthur Rimbaud in litteris Francogallicis habet. Cognomen litterarium “Kamov” sibi assumpsit ex nomine Cham sive Ham, filii Noë Veteris Testamenti, qui patrem suum nudum et ebrium invenit nec eum operuit, sed irridit atque derisit; quo factum est ut Noë postea Cham malediceret. Notissima eius opera sunt libri poetici ''Psovka'' (Maledictio) et ''Ištipana hartija'' (Charta lacerata), romanus ''Isušena kaljuža'' (Calyx exsiccatus), necnon drama ''Tragedija mozgova'' (Tragoedia cerebrorum). Iuvenis mortuus est, sed in litteris Croaticis vestigium profundum reliquit. == Opera == * '''''Psovka''''' — liber poeticus (1907) — compositus anno 1905 Latine: [[s:la:Maledictio|Maledictio]] * '''''Ištipana hartija''''' — liber poeticus (1907) Latine: [[s:la:Charta lacerata|Charta lacerata]] * '''''Tragedija mozgova''''' — drama (1907) Latine: ''Tragoedia cerebrorum'' * '''''Na rođenoj grudi''''' — drama (1907) Latine: ''In nativa gleba'' == Opera posthuma == * '''''Ćaskanja''''' — commentarii (1914) Latine: ''Confabulationes'' * '''''Novele i eseji''''' — fabulae breves et commentationes (1938) Latine: ''Novellae et commentationes'' * '''''Samostanske drame''''' — dramata (1956–1958) Latine: ''Dramata claustralia'' * '''''Čovječanstvo''''' — drama (1956–1958) Latine: ''Humanitas'' * '''''Mamino srce''''' — drama (1956–1958) Latine: ''Cor matris'' * '''''Isušena kaljuža''''' — romanus (1957) — scripta annis 1906–1909 Latine: ''Calyx exsiccatus'' == Bibliographia == * [https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/polic-kamov-janko Polić Kamov, Janko]. ''Hrvatska enciklopedija'', editio digitalis. Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, 2013–2026. Adiit die 2 mensis Iulii 2026. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Janko Polić Kamov|Ioannem Polić Kamov}} {{Fontes biographici}} {{Anni vitae|1886|1910|Polić Kamov, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] arpps5pj4eyd6ff67l39ckc85x3khwx 3982005 3981982 2026-08-18T11:02:24Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3982005 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina non annexa}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Ioannes Polić Kamov}} (vulgo ''Janko''; [[1886]]–[[1910]]) fuit [[poeta]], prosator atque [[scriptor]] dramaticus [[Croatia|Croaticus]], cuius opera ad primam modernitatem atque expressionismum pertinent. Stylum audacem, abruptum, saepe provocantem coluit, quo a poetis aetatis suae se disiunxit. Rebellio et provocatio adversus consuetudines sociales litterariasque, praesertim in tractatione argumentorum et in audacia sermonis, effecerunt ut interdum “poeta rebellis” appellaretur. Locus quem Kamov in litteris Croaticis obtinet nonnullas analogias ostendit cum munere quod Arthur Rimbaud in litteris Francogallicis habet. Cognomen litterarium “Kamov” sibi assumpsit ex nomine Cham sive Ham, filii Noë Veteris Testamenti, qui patrem suum nudum et ebrium invenit nec eum operuit, sed irridit atque derisit; quo factum est ut Noë postea Cham malediceret. Notissima eius opera sunt libri poetici ''Psovka'' (Maledictio) et ''Ištipana hartija'' (Charta lacerata), romanus ''Isušena kaljuža'' (Calyx exsiccatus), necnon drama ''Tragedija mozgova'' (Tragoedia cerebrorum). Iuvenis mortuus est, sed in litteris Croaticis vestigium profundum reliquit. == Opera == * '''''Psovka''''' — liber poeticus (1907) — compositus anno 1905 Latine: [[s:la:Maledictio|Maledictio]] * '''''Ištipana hartija''''' — liber poeticus (1907) Latine: [[s:la:Charta lacerata|Charta lacerata]] * '''''Tragedija mozgova''''' — drama (1907) Latine: ''Tragoedia cerebrorum'' * '''''Na rođenoj grudi''''' — drama (1907) Latine: ''In nativa gleba'' == Opera posthuma == * '''''Ćaskanja''''' — commentarii (1914) Latine: ''Confabulationes'' * '''''Novele i eseji''''' — fabulae breves et commentationes (1938) Latine: ''Novellae et commentationes'' * '''''Samostanske drame''''' — dramata (1956–1958) Latine: ''Dramata claustralia'' * '''''Čovječanstvo''''' — drama (1956–1958) Latine: ''Humanitas'' * '''''Mamino srce''''' — drama (1956–1958) Latine: ''Cor matris'' * '''''Isušena kaljuža''''' — romanus (1957) — scripta annis 1906–1909 Latine: ''Calyx exsiccatus'' == Bibliographia == * [https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/polic-kamov-janko Polić Kamov, Janko]. ''Hrvatska enciklopedija'', editio digitalis. Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, 2013–2026. Adiit die 2 mensis Iulii 2026. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Janko Polić Kamov|Ioannem Polić Kamov}} {{Fontes biographici}} {{Anni vitae|1886|1910|Polić Kamov, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Litterae Croaticae saeculis XIX et XX]] 6bwp5n62xn849724j98mv1fgxkpz7ne 3982006 3982005 2026-08-18T11:12:04Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3982006 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina non annexa}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Ioannes Polić Kamov}} (vulgo ''Janko''; [[1886]]–[[1910]]) fuit [[poeta]], prosator atque [[scriptor]] dramaticus [[Croatia|Croaticus]], cuius opera ad primam modernitatem atque expressionismum pertinent. Stylum audacem, abruptum, saepe provocantem coluit, quo a poetis aetatis suae se disiunxit. Rebellio et provocatio adversus consuetudines sociales litterariasque, praesertim in tractatione argumentorum et in audacia sermonis, effecerunt ut interdum “poeta rebellis” appellaretur. Locus quem Kamov in litteris Croaticis obtinet nonnullas analogias ostendit cum munere quod Arthur Rimbaud in litteris Francogallicis habet. Cognomen litterarium “Kamov” sibi assumpsit ex nomine Cham sive Ham, filii Noë Veteris Testamenti, qui patrem suum nudum et ebrium invenit nec eum operuit, sed irridit atque derisit; quo factum est ut Noë postea Cham malediceret. Notissima eius opera sunt libri poetici ''Psovka'' (Maledictio) et ''Ištipana hartija'' (Charta lacerata), romanus ''Isušena kaljuža'' (Calyx exsiccatus), necnon drama ''Tragedija mozgova'' (Tragoedia cerebrorum). Iuvenis mortuus est, sed in litteris Croaticis vestigium profundum reliquit. == Vide etiam: [[Litterae Croaticae saeculis XIX et XX]] == == Opera == * '''''Psovka''''' — liber poeticus (1907) — compositus anno 1905 Latine: [[s:la:Maledictio|Maledictio]] * '''''Ištipana hartija''''' — liber poeticus (1907) Latine: [[s:la:Charta lacerata|Charta lacerata]] * '''''Tragedija mozgova''''' — drama (1907) Latine: ''Tragoedia cerebrorum'' * '''''Na rođenoj grudi''''' — drama (1907) Latine: ''In nativa gleba'' == Opera posthuma == * '''''Ćaskanja''''' — commentarii (1914) Latine: ''Confabulationes'' * '''''Novele i eseji''''' — fabulae breves et commentationes (1938) Latine: ''Novellae et commentationes'' * '''''Samostanske drame''''' — dramata (1956–1958) Latine: ''Dramata claustralia'' * '''''Čovječanstvo''''' — drama (1956–1958) Latine: ''Humanitas'' * '''''Mamino srce''''' — drama (1956–1958) Latine: ''Cor matris'' * '''''Isušena kaljuža''''' — romanus (1957) — scripta annis 1906–1909 Latine: ''Calyx exsiccatus'' == Bibliographia == * [https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/polic-kamov-janko Polić Kamov, Janko]. ''Hrvatska enciklopedija'', editio digitalis. Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, 2013–2026. Adiit die 2 mensis Iulii 2026. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Janko Polić Kamov|Ioannem Polić Kamov}} {{Fontes biographici}} {{Anni vitae|1886|1910|Polić Kamov, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Litterae Croaticae saeculis XIX et XX]] a1l1ui9jg3vsgxqfknzbnvjg2x3if0v 3982012 3982006 2026-08-18T11:32:17Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3982012 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pagina non annexa}} {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Ioannes Polić Kamov}} (vulgo ''Janko''; [[1886]]–[[1910]]) fuit [[poeta]], prosator atque [[scriptor]] dramaticus [[Croatia|Croaticus]], cuius opera ad primam modernitatem atque expressionismum pertinent. Stylum audacem, abruptum, saepe provocantem coluit, quo a poetis aetatis suae se disiunxit. Rebellio et provocatio adversus consuetudines sociales litterariasque, praesertim in tractatione argumentorum et in audacia sermonis, effecerunt ut interdum “poeta rebellis” appellaretur. Locus quem Kamov in litteris Croaticis obtinet nonnullas analogias ostendit cum munere quod Arthur Rimbaud in litteris Francogallicis habet. Cognomen litterarium “Kamov” sibi assumpsit ex nomine Cham sive Ham, filii Noë Veteris Testamenti, qui patrem suum nudum et ebrium invenit nec eum operuit, sed irridit atque derisit; quo factum est ut Noë postea Cham malediceret. Notissima eius opera sunt libri poetici ''Psovka'' (Maledictio) et ''Ištipana hartija'' (Charta lacerata), romanus ''Isušena kaljuža'' (Calyx exsiccatus), necnon drama ''Tragedija mozgova'' (Tragoedia cerebrorum). Iuvenis mortuus est, sed in litteris Croaticis vestigium profundum reliquit. == Vide etiam: [[Litterae Croaticae saeculis XIX et XX]] == == Opera == * '''''Psovka''''' — liber poeticus (1907) — compositus anno 1905 Latine: [[s:la:Maledictio|Maledictio]] * '''''Ištipana hartija''''' — liber poeticus (1907) Latine: [[s:la:Charta lacerata|Charta lacerata]] * '''''Tragedija mozgova''''' — drama (1907) Latine: ''Tragoedia cerebrorum'' * '''''Na rođenoj grudi''''' — drama (1907) Latine: ''In nativa gleba'' == Opera posthuma == * '''''Ćaskanja''''' — commentarii (1914) Latine: ''Confabulationes'' * '''''Novele i eseji''''' — fabulae breves et commentationes (1938) Latine: ''Novellae et commentationes'' * '''''Samostanske drame''''' — dramata (1956–1958) Latine: ''Dramata claustralia'' * '''''Čovječanstvo''''' — drama (1956–1958) Latine: ''Humanitas'' * '''''Mamino srce''''' — drama (1956–1958) Latine: ''Cor matris'' * '''''Isušena kaljuža''''' — romanus (1957) — scripta annis 1906–1909 Latine: ''Calyx exsiccatus'' == Bibliographia == * [https://www.enciklopedija.hr/clanak/polic-kamov-janko Polić Kamov, Janko]. ''Hrvatska enciklopedija'', editio digitalis. Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, 2013–2026. Adiit die 2 mensis Iulii 2026. == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Janko Polić Kamov|Ioannem Polić Kamov}} * Vicifons: Scriptor:Janko Polić Kamov [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Scriptor:Janko_Polić_Kamov] {{Fontes biographici}} {{Anni vitae|1886|1910|Polić Kamov, Ioannes}} [[Categoria:Incolae Croatiae]] [[Categoria:Litterae Croaticae saeculis XIX et XX]] m8h289e9dofvgul4q6z6a2lkaiaxznb Landwehr 0 327781 3981825 2026-08-17T19:43:13Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Landwehr]] ad [[Munitio Agri]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3981825 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Munitio Agri]] 42tlji5j991o0yxvdhg18lfh865cxqe Winzenburg 0 327782 3981829 2026-08-17T20:05:56Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Winzenburg]] ad [[Winzenburgum]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3981829 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Winzenburgum]] nu0j17bmvxw5onh33ogbqhh6j04pn2p Freden (commune generale) 0 327783 3981836 2026-08-17T20:59:12Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Freden (commune generale)]] ad [[Freda (commune generale)]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3981836 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Freda (commune generale)]] pwm3o25369iqwh60nrlzja06i09x8to Frellstedt 0 327784 3981883 2026-08-17T22:59:18Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Frellstedt]] ad [[Maius Vrelstede]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3981883 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Maius Vrelstede]] c6dwib9h5ausxw7z594mtke070yt28w Nord-Elm (commune generale) 0 327785 3981890 2026-08-17T23:27:19Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Nord-Elm (commune generale)]] ad [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3981890 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Iugum Elmense Septentrionale (commune generale)]] 6wgtw5uho563h4i7w2bjvxwscnmkbak Heeseberg (commune generale) 0 327786 3981908 2026-08-18T00:03:23Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Heeseberg (commune generale)]] ad [[Hese Nemus (commune generale)]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3981908 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Hese Nemus (commune generale)]] jgx00r6tj9hc3kjkr47a298j1o4l6rn Benedictus Iosephus Labre 0 327787 3981929 2026-08-18T00:46:45Z Bartholomite 116968 nova 3981929 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} [[Sanctus]] {{res|Benedictus Iosephus Labre}} ([[Francogallice]] ''Benoît-Joseph Labre''; natus [[Amettes]] in [[oppidum|oppido]] [[Artesia]]e die [[26 Martii]] [[1748]]; mortuus [[Roma]]e die [[16 Aprilis]] [[1783]]) fuit [[Franciscanus]] tertiarius [[Francia|Francicus]]. A [[monasterium|monasteriis]] recusatus, [[mendicus]] et [[peregrinus]] factus est. A [[Leo XIII|Leone XIII]] papam die [[9 Decembris]] [[1881]] sanctus [[canonizatio|canonizatus]] est. [[Sanctus patronus]] est [[domo carens|vagabundorum]] et [[morbus mentis|aegrotorum mente captorum]]. == Bibliographia == * De la Gorce, Agnes (1952). ''St Benedict Joseph Labre''. Londinii: Sheed & Ward. {{ling|Anglice}} * Desnoyers, F. M. J. (1862). ''Le bienheureux Benoît-Joseph Labre''. Insulae: 2 Tomes. {{ling|Francogallice}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Benoît Joseph Labre|Benedictum Iosephum Labre}} {{Fontes biographici}} {{sanctus-stipula}} {{Anni vitae|1748|1783|Labre, Benedictus Iosephus}} [[Categoria:Franciscani]] [[Categoria:Incolae Franciae]] [[Categoria:Sancti]] ofz3w5hqsmhmv2crh9ccfci327tins8 3981938 3981929 2026-08-18T01:33:51Z IacobusAmor 1163 3981938 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} [[Sanctus]] {{res|Benedictus Iosephus Labre}} ([[Francogallice]] ''Benoît-Joseph Labre''; natus [[Amettes]] in [[oppidum|oppido]] [[Artesia]]e die [[26 Martii]] [[1748]]; mortuus [[Roma]]e die [[16 Aprilis]] [[1783]]) fuit [[Franciscanus]] tertiarius [[Francia|Francicus]]. A [[monasterium|monasteriis]] recusatus, [[mendicus]] et [[peregrinus]] factus est. A [[Leo XIII|Leone XIII]] [[papa]] die [[9 Decembris]] [[1881]] sanctus [[canonizatio|canonizatus]] est. [[Sanctus patronus]] est [[domo carens|vagabundorum]] et [[morbus mentis|aegrotorum mente captorum]]. == Bibliographia == * De la Gorce, Agnes (1952). ''St Benedict Joseph Labre''. Londinii: Sheed & Ward. {{ling|Anglice}} * Desnoyers, F. M. J. (1862). ''Le bienheureux Benoît-Joseph Labre''. Insulae: 2 Tomes. {{ling|Francogallice}} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Benoît Joseph Labre|Benedictum Iosephum Labre}} {{Fontes biographici}} {{sanctus-stipula}} {{Anni vitae|1748|1783|Labre, Benedictus Iosephus}} [[Categoria:Franciscani]] [[Categoria:Incolae Franciae]] [[Categoria:Sancti]] 1zuews49w3hx0qdrz83flpx1eya3bos Janko Polić Kamov 0 327788 3981935 2026-08-18T01:23:24Z Bartholomite 116968 Bartholomite movit paginam [[Janko Polić Kamov]] ad [[Ioannes Polić Kamov]]: latine 3981935 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Ioannes Polić Kamov]] mq1xvnr6bypn5ikaj75evgd3mpj1z35 Alexander Danilin 0 327789 3981955 2026-08-18T02:00:36Z Bartholomite 116968 nova 3981955 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Alexander Gennadii filius Danilin}} ([[Russice]] Алекса́ндр Генна́диевич Дани́лин, ''Alexandr Gennadievich Danilin''; natus die [[12 Martii]] [[1960]]; mortuus die [[15 Augusti]] [[2026]]) fuit [[psychologus|psychotherapeuta]] et [[psychiater]] [[Russia|Russicus]]. In consilio [[addictio]]nis peritus erat et [[scriptor]] fecundus erat. == Opera == * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=LSD: галлюциногены, психоделия и феномен зависимости|year=2001|publisher=ЗАО Изд-во Центрполиграф|location=Москва|isbn=5-227-01464-7|url=http://www.christianstvo.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/2008/01/lsd.pdf}} * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=Человек зависимый|year=2009|publisher=Зебра|location=Москва|isbn=978-5-94663-895-1}} * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=Прорыв в гениальность|year=2008|publisher=Вершина|location=Москва|isbn=978-5-9626-0439-8}} * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=Поиск видения|year=2010|publisher=АСТ, Зебра Е|location=Москва|isbn=978-5-94663-974-3}} * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=Поиск видения-2. Языческая встреча|year=2010|publisher=АСТ, Зебра Е|location=Москва|isbn=978-5-94663-975-0}} * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=Таблетка от смерти|year=2010|publisher=Исолог|location=Москва|isbn=978-5-89516-212-5}} * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=Ключи к смыслу жизни|year=2010|publisher=Исолог|location=Москва|isbn=978-5-9902121-3-8}} * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=INFERNO: Испытания души|year=2011|publisher=Исолог|location=Москва|isbn=978-5-9902121-1-4}} * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=Ключи к смыслу жизни|year=2011|publisher=Исолог|location=Москва|isbn=978-5-9902121-6-9}} * {{cite book|last=Данилин|first=Александр|title=Вопросы психотерапевту. Отвечает доктор Александр Данилин + CD|year=2012|publisher=Исолог|location=Москва|isbn=978-5-905670-02-2}} == Nexus externi == * [http://www.serebniti.ru/ Situs interretialis] {{Anni vitae|1960|2026|Danilin, Alexander Gennadii filius}} [[Categoria:Incolae Moscuae]] [[Categoria:Psychiatri Russiae]] [[Categoria:Psychologi Russiae]] [[Categoria:Scriptores Russiae]] e3qjy46azzug9l501hne64bsq783e3v Categoria:Opera omnia 14 327790 3981958 2026-08-18T02:02:36Z Grufo 64423 Prima adumbratio 3981958 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Categoria formulis quoque suppleta | Res de opere | Res de opere quod sic incipit | Res de opere quod sic incipit typibus italicis }} [[Categoria:Omnia]] 3av7jr7bm0p6s1r46y2w63ghf5z4orh Categoria:Index omnium operum 14 327791 3981961 2026-08-18T02:06:10Z Grufo 64423 Prima adumbratio 3981961 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Categoria:Opera omnia]] {{De hac redirectione}} [[Categoria:Opera]] k8lxb1xus2tqx65t09vtdl0nobmuhcp Categoria:Categoriae non vacuae quae sunt redirectiones 14 327792 3981964 2026-08-18T02:08:04Z Grufo 64423 Prima adumbratio 3981964 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Categoria vestigatoria formularum|De hac redirectione}} {{Categoria celata utinam vacua}} [[Categoria:Corrigenda]] fvclf5mzizw3r20j32jbgtgt01fseri 3981965 3981964 2026-08-18T02:09:40Z Grufo 64423 +Nexus; +Cat 3981965 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Categoria vestigatoria formularum|De hac redirectione}} {{Categoria celata utinam vacua}} {{Videatur etiam|Categoria:Categoriae quae sunt redirectiones}} [[Categoria:Corrigenda]] [[Categoria:Redirectiones]] fwiea3cvuzk22luuzm2mb0cg08o89dh 3981969 3981965 2026-08-18T02:12:37Z Grufo 64423 +{{[[Formula:Supercategoria|Supercategoria]]}} 3981969 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Categoria vestigatoria formularum|De hac redirectione}} {{Supercategoria}} {{Categoria celata utinam vacua}} {{Videatur etiam|Categoria:Categoriae quae sunt redirectiones}} [[Categoria:Corrigenda]] [[Categoria:Redirectiones]] m8tt1a29rjdi0plno08tjbca2yvtulf Categoria:Categoriae quae sunt redirectiones 14 327793 3981966 2026-08-18T02:10:16Z Grufo 64423 Prima adumbratio 3981966 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Categoria vestigatoria formularum|De hac redirectione}} {{Videatur etiam|Categoria:Categoriae non vacuae quae sunt redirectiones}} [[Categoria:Redirectiones]] au18fkyqzlu45xnwpv3vbf1l6fefknt 3981968 3981966 2026-08-18T02:12:20Z Grufo 64423 +{{[[Formula:Supercategoria|Supercategoria]]}} 3981968 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Categoria vestigatoria formularum|De hac redirectione}} {{Supercategoria}} {{Videatur etiam|Categoria:Categoriae non vacuae quae sunt redirectiones}} [[Categoria:Redirectiones]] j3egnnt95v6jfqd8u04qa02z5om5q28 Martinus Seligman 0 327794 3981970 2026-08-18T02:25:07Z Bartholomite 116968 nova 3981970 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Capsa hominis Vicidatorum}} {{res|Martinus Elias Petrus Seligman}} (natus [[Albania (Novum Eboracum)|Albaniae]] die [[12 Augusti]] [[1942]]) est [[psychologus]] [[CFA|Americanus]]. [[Psychologia positiva]] et [[impotentia docta]] notus est. Alumnus [[Universitas Princetoniensis|Universitatis Princetoniensis]] et [[Universitas Pennsylvaniensis|Universitatis Pennsylvaniensis]] est. [[Professor]] Universitatis Pennsylvaniensis est. Praeses [[Societas Psychologicae Americanae|Societatis Psychologicae Americanae]] anno [[1998]] erat. == Opera == * {{cite book |author-mask=1 |last=Seligman |first=Martin E. P. |title=Helplessness: On Depression, Development, and Death |publisher=W.H. Freeman |location=Franciscopoli |year=1975 |isbn=978-0-7167-0752-3 |url=https://archive.org/details/helplessnessonde00seli }} * {{cite book |author-mask=1 |last=Seligman |first=Martin E. P. |title=Learned Optimism: How to Change Your Mind and Your Life |publisher=Knopf |location=Novi Eboraci |year=1991 |isbn=978-0-671-01911-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qreACUdDAc0C }} * {{cite book |author-mask=1 |last=Seligman |first=Martin E. P. |title=What You Can Change and What You Can't: The Complete Guide to Successful Self-Improvement |publisher=Knopf |location=Novi Eboraci |year=1993 |isbn=978-0-679-41024-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/whatyoucanchange00seli }} * {{cite book |author-mask=1 |last=Seligman |first=Martin E. P. |title=The Optimistic Child: Proven Program to Safeguard Children from Depression & Build Lifelong Resilience |publisher=Houghton Mifflin |location=Novi Eboraci |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-09-183119-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GoMABgcQzs4C}} * {{cite book |author-mask=1 |last=Seligman |first=Martin E. P. |title=Authentic Happiness: Using the New Positive Psychology to Realize Your Potential for Lasting Fulfillment |publisher=Free Press |location=Novi Eboraci |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-7432-2297-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/authentichappine00seli_0|url-access=registration }} * {{cite journal |author-mask=1 |last=Seligman |first=Martin E. P. |title=Can Happiness be Taught? |journal=Daedalus |volume=133 |issue=2 |pages=80–87 |date=2004 |doi=10.1162/001152604323049424 |s2cid=57570511 |doi-access=free }} * {{cite book |last1=Peterson |first1=Christopher |author-link1=Christopher Peterson (psychologist) |last2=Seligman |first2=Martin E. P. |title=Character Strengths and Virtues |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxoniae |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-19-516701-6 |title-link=Character Strengths and Virtues }} * {{cite book |author-mask=1 |last=Seligman |first=Martin E. P. |title=Flourish: A Visionary New Understanding of Happiness and Well-being |publisher=Free Press |location=Novi Eboraci |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-4391-9075-3 |url=https://archive.org/details/flourishvisionar0000seli|url-access=registration }} * {{cite book |author-mask=1 |last=Seligman |first=Martin E. P. |title=The Hope Circuit: A Psychologist's Journey from Helplessness to Optimism |publisher=PublicAffairs |year=2018 |isbn=978-1-61-039873-2 }} * {{cite book |last1=Rosen Kellerman |first1=Gabriella |last2=Seligman |first2=Martin E. P. |title=Tomorrowmind |publisher=Simon Element/Simon Acumen |location=Novi Eboraci |year=2023 |isbn=978-1-98-215976-4 }} == Nexus externi == {{CommuniaCat|Martin Seligman|Martinum Seligman}} {{Fontes biographici}} * [https://www.authentichappiness.sas.upenn.edu/ Situs interretialis] {{bio-stipula}} {{Anni vitae|1942||Seligman, Martinus Elias Petrus}} [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Princetoniensis]] [[Categoria:Alumni Universitatis Pennsylvaniensis]] [[Categoria:Praesides Societatis Psychologicae Americanae]] [[Categoria:Professores Universitatis Pennsylvaniensis]] duht95iek0l5hm3psm0msmwnyj9gwr9 Disputatio:Ioannes Polić Kamov 1 327795 3981981 2026-08-18T06:54:27Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* De titulo paginae */ nova pars 3981981 wikitext text/x-wiki == De titulo paginae == Nomina propria auctorum recentiorum in Vicipaedia Latina plerumque non latinizantur, nisi forma historica aut tradita iam exstat. Nomen originale "Janko Polić Kamov" in fontibus Croaticis et internationalibus adhibetur atque forma stabilis est. Itaque titulus "Ioannes Polić Kamov" cum consuetudine Vicipaediana non congruit. Hanc ob causam suadeo ut nomen originale retineatur. [[Usor:Coronus Tenebrosius|Coronus Tenebrosius]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Coronus Tenebrosius|disputatio]]) 06:54, 18 Augusti 2026 (UTC) ifxzvl4m0x5vw8vimihgbwfrse42fnu Litterae Croaticae saeculis XIX et XX 0 327796 3981990 2026-08-18T09:04:57Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 Paginam instituit, scribens 'Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurnos.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipu...' 3981990 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurnos.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: August Šenoa, conditor romani historici; Ante Kovačić[2] (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). <ref>Litterae Croatice </ref> Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: Stanko Vraz[3] (lyrica amatoria), Petar Preradović[4] (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević[5] (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: Antun Gustav Matoš[6], Janko Polić Kamov[7] (Rimbaud Croaticus), Vladimir Vidrić[8], et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: Tin Ujević[9], Antun Branko Šimić[10], Miroslav Krleža[11], Ivan Goran Kovačić[12], Ranko Marinković[13], Dobriša Cesarić[14], Jure Kaštelan, Dragutin Tadijanović, Vesna Parun, alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix Ivana Brlić Mažuranić (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: Slavko Mihalić, repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), Ivan Slamnig, fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), Danijel Dragojević, repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. ia9egbq7heyuzmr50cwxpypsi5k9vga 3981991 3981990 2026-08-18T09:10:31Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3981991 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurnos.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: August Šenoa, conditor romani historici; Ante Kovačić (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: Stanko Vraz (lyrica amatoria), Petar Preradović (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: Antun Gustav Matoš, Janko Polić Kamov (Rimbaud Croaticus), Vladimir Vidrić, et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: Tin Ujević, Antun Branko Šimić, Miroslav Krleža, Ivan Goran Kovačić, Ranko Marinković, Dobriša Cesarić, Jure Kaštelan, Dragutin Tadijanović, Vesna Parun, alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix Ivana Brlić Mažuranić (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: Slavko Mihalić, repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), Ivan Slamnig, fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), Danijel Dragojević, repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. 0k9uum7i2ixspecmakulk6yqtmqwde3 3981992 3981991 2026-08-18T09:22:33Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3981992 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurnos.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: August Šenoa<ref>Vide biographiam Anglicam: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_Šenoa</ref>, conditor romani historici; Ante Kovačić<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ante_Kovačić</nowiki></ref> (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: Stanko Vraz<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanko_Vraz</nowiki></ref> (lyrica amatoria), Petar Preradović<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petar_Preradović</nowiki></ref> (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silvije_S._Kranjčević</nowiki></ref> (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: Antun Gustav Matoš<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antun_Gustav_Matoš</nowiki></ref>, Janko Polić Kamov<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janko_Polić_Kamov</nowiki></ref> (Rimbaud Croaticus), Vladimir Vidrić<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Vidrić</nowiki></ref>, et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: Tin Ujević<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tin_Ujević</nowiki></ref>, Antun Branko Šimić<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antun_Branko_Šimić</nowiki></ref>, Miroslav Krleža<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miroslav_Krleža</nowiki></ref>, Ivan Goran Kovačić<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Goran_Kovačić</nowiki></ref>, Ranko Marinković<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranko_Marinković</nowiki></ref>, Dobriša Cesarić<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dobriša_Cesarić</nowiki></ref>, Jure Kaštelan<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jure_Kaštelan</nowiki></ref>, Dragutin Tadijanović<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dragutin_Tadijanović</nowiki></ref>, Vesna Parun<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesna_Parun</nowiki></ref>, alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix Ivana Brlić Mažuranić<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivana_Brlić-Mažuranić</nowiki></ref> (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: Slavko Mihalić<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavko_Mihalić</nowiki></ref>, repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), Ivan Slamnig<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Slamnig</nowiki></ref>, fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), Danijel Dragojević<ref><nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danijel_Dragojević</nowiki></ref>, repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. 7by0g8geplo818wk6d09vbgjmlkhd79 3981993 3981992 2026-08-18T09:55:35Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3981993 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurnos.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: August Šenoa<ref>Vide biographiam Anglicam: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_Šenoa</ref>, conditor romani historici; Ante Kovačić (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: Stanko Vraz (lyrica amatoria), Petar Preradović (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: Antun Gustav Matoš, Janko Polić Kamov (Rimbaud Croaticus), Vladimir Vidrić, et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: Tin Ujević, Antun Branko Šimić, Miroslav Krleža, Ivan Goran Kovačić, Ranko Marinković, Dobriša Cesarić, Jure Kaštelan, Dragutin Tadijanović, Vesna Parun, alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix Ivana Brlić Mažuranić (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: Slavko Mihalić, repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), Ivan Slamnig, fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), Danijel Dragojević, repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. q1zmkdfeisuhsae6qrphjkc6nexixpq 3981994 3981993 2026-08-18T09:56:33Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3981994 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurnos.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: August Šenoa<ref>Vide biographiam Anglicam: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_Šenoa</ref>, conditor romani historici; Ante Kovačić<ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ante_Kovačić</ref></ref> (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: Stanko Vraz (lyrica amatoria), Petar Preradović (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: Antun Gustav Matoš, Janko Polić Kamov (Rimbaud Croaticus), Vladimir Vidrić, et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: Tin Ujević, Antun Branko Šimić, Miroslav Krleža, Ivan Goran Kovačić, Ranko Marinković, Dobriša Cesarić, Jure Kaštelan, Dragutin Tadijanović, Vesna Parun, alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix Ivana Brlić Mažuranić (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: Slavko Mihalić, repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), Ivan Slamnig, fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), Danijel Dragojević, repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. oykmx13r0t10k1loxhvye8i139137rn 3981995 3981994 2026-08-18T09:59:17Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3981995 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurnos.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: August Šenoa<ref>Vide biographiam Anglicam: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_Šenoa</ref>, conditor romani historici; Ante Kovačić<ref><ref>Vide biographiam Anglicam: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ante_Kovačić</ref></ref> (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: Stanko Vraz (lyrica amatoria), Petar Preradović (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: Antun Gustav Matoš, Janko Polić Kamov (Rimbaud Croaticus), Vladimir Vidrić, et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: Tin Ujević, Antun Branko Šimić, Miroslav Krleža, Ivan Goran Kovačić, Ranko Marinković, Dobriša Cesarić, Jure Kaštelan, Dragutin Tadijanović, Vesna Parun, alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix Ivana Brlić Mažuranić (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: Slavko Mihalić, repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), Ivan Slamnig, fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), Danijel Dragojević, repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. 8bycwpbqvec1kamb8qlrpm4xuuhnafk 3981996 3981995 2026-08-18T09:59:51Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3981996 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurnos.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: August Šenoa<ref>Vide biographiam Anglicam: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_Šenoa</ref>, conditor romani historici; Ante Kovačić<ref><ref>Vide biographiam Anglicam: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ante_Kovačić</ref> (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: Stanko Vraz (lyrica amatoria), Petar Preradović (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: Antun Gustav Matoš, Janko Polić Kamov (Rimbaud Croaticus), Vladimir Vidrić, et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: Tin Ujević, Antun Branko Šimić, Miroslav Krleža, Ivan Goran Kovačić, Ranko Marinković, Dobriša Cesarić, Jure Kaštelan, Dragutin Tadijanović, Vesna Parun, alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix Ivana Brlić Mažuranić (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: Slavko Mihalić, repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), Ivan Slamnig, fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), Danijel Dragojević, repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. tklu1ko8fqw8ryfqrs2ycrez4z47gme 3981997 3981996 2026-08-18T10:02:04Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3981997 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurnos.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: August Šenoa, conditor romani historici; Ante Kovačić (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: Stanko Vraz (lyrica amatoria), Petar Preradović (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: Antun Gustav Matoš, Janko Polić Kamov (Rimbaud Croaticus), Vladimir Vidrić, et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: Tin Ujević, Antun Branko Šimić, Miroslav Krleža, Ivan Goran Kovačić, Ranko Marinković, Dobriša Cesarić, Jure Kaštelan, Dragutin Tadijanović, Vesna Parun, alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix Ivana Brlić Mažuranić (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: Slavko Mihalić, repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), Ivan Slamnig, fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), Danijel Dragojević, repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. 0k9uum7i2ixspecmakulk6yqtmqwde3 3981998 3981997 2026-08-18T10:03:38Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3981998 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurnos.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: August Šenoa<ref><ref>Vide biographiam Anglicam: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_Šenoa</ref></ref>, conditor romani historici; Ante Kovačić (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: Stanko Vraz (lyrica amatoria), Petar Preradović (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: Antun Gustav Matoš, Janko Polić Kamov (Rimbaud Croaticus), Vladimir Vidrić, et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: Tin Ujević, Antun Branko Šimić, Miroslav Krleža, Ivan Goran Kovačić, Ranko Marinković, Dobriša Cesarić, Jure Kaštelan, Dragutin Tadijanović, Vesna Parun, alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix Ivana Brlić Mažuranić (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: Slavko Mihalić, repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), Ivan Slamnig, fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), Danijel Dragojević, repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. 2astvyy45nicikwd7xl574loym6rkzx 3981999 3981998 2026-08-18T10:08:17Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3981999 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurnos.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: [[:en:August_Šenoa|August Šenoa]], conditor romani historici; Ante Kovačić (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: Stanko Vraz (lyrica amatoria), Petar Preradović (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: Antun Gustav Matoš, Janko Polić Kamov (Rimbaud Croaticus), Vladimir Vidrić, et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: Tin Ujević, Antun Branko Šimić, Miroslav Krleža, Ivan Goran Kovačić, Ranko Marinković, Dobriša Cesarić, Jure Kaštelan, Dragutin Tadijanović, Vesna Parun, alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix Ivana Brlić Mažuranić (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: Slavko Mihalić, repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), Ivan Slamnig, fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), Danijel Dragojević, repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. 3viawzbe2acuwzubf0t94qu3vn1q5fy 3982000 3981999 2026-08-18T10:10:11Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3982000 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurnos.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: [[:en:August_Šenoa|August Šenoa]], conditor romani historici; [[:en:Ante_Kovačić|Ante Kovačić]] (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: [[:en:Stanko_Vraz|Stanko Vraz]] (lyrica amatoria), Petar Preradović (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: Antun Gustav Matoš, Janko Polić Kamov (Rimbaud Croaticus), Vladimir Vidrić, et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: Tin Ujević, Antun Branko Šimić, Miroslav Krleža, Ivan Goran Kovačić, Ranko Marinković, Dobriša Cesarić, Jure Kaštelan, Dragutin Tadijanović, Vesna Parun, alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix Ivana Brlić Mažuranić (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: Slavko Mihalić, repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), Ivan Slamnig, fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), Danijel Dragojević, repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. 3s86et3lhwbyp7e031khjjafz1de736 3982001 3982000 2026-08-18T10:22:08Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3982001 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurnos.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: [[:en:August_Šenoa|August Šenoa]], conditor romani historici; [[:en:Ante_Kovačić|Ante Kovačić]] (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: [[:en:Stanko_Vraz|Stanko Vraz]] (lyrica amatoria), [[:en:Petar_Preradović|Petar Preradović]] (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), [[:en:Silvije_S._Kranjčević|Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević]] (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: [[:en:Antun_Gustav_Matoš|Antun Gustav Matoš]], [[:en:Janko_Polić_Kamov|Janko Polić Kamov]] (Rimbaud Croaticus), [[:en:Vladimir_Vidrić|Vladimir Vidrić]], et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: [[:en:Tin_Ujević|Tin Ujević]], [[:en:Antun_Branko_Šimić|Antun Branko Šimić]], [[:en:Miroslav_Krleža|Miroslav Krleža]], [[:en:Ivan_Goran_Kovačić|Ivan Goran Kovačić]], [[:en:Ranko_Marinković|Ranko Marinković]], [[:en:Dobriša_Cesarić|Dobriša Cesarić]], [[:en:Jure_Kaštelan|Jure Kaštelan]], [[:en:Dragutin_Tadijanović|Dragutin Tadijanović]], [[:en:Vesna_Parun|Vesna Parun]], alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix [[:en:Ivana_Brlić-Mažuranić|Ivana Brlić Mažuranić]] (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: [[:en:Slavko_Mihalić|Slavko Mihalić]], repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), [[:en:Ivan_Slamnig|Ivan Slamnig]], fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), [[:en:Danijel_Dragojević|Danijel Dragojević]], repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. ovakzadajyr4elda5dd3xreplaf49dj 3982002 3982001 2026-08-18T10:26:09Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3982002 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurnos.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: [[:en:August_Šenoa|August Šenoa]], conditor romani historici; [[:en:Ante_Kovačić|Ante Kovačić]] (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: [[:en:Stanko_Vraz|Stanko Vraz]] (lyrica amatoria), [[:en:Petar_Preradović|Petar Preradović]] (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), [[:en:Silvije_Strahimir_Kranjčević|Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević]] (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: [[:en:Antun_Gustav_Matoš|Antun Gustav Matoš]], [[:en:Janko_Polić_Kamov|Janko Polić Kamov]] (Rimbaud Croaticus), [[:en:Vladimir_Vidrić|Vladimir Vidrić]], et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: [[:en:Tin_Ujević|Tin Ujević]], [[:en:Antun_Branko_Šimić|Antun Branko Šimić]], [[:en:Miroslav_Krleža|Miroslav Krleža]], [[:en:Ivan_Goran_Kovačić|Ivan Goran Kovačić]], [[:en:Ranko_Marinković|Ranko Marinković]], [[:en:Dobriša_Cesarić|Dobriša Cesarić]], [[:en:Jure_Kaštelan|Jure Kaštelan]], [[:en:Dragutin_Tadijanović|Dragutin Tadijanović]], [[:en:Vesna_Parun|Vesna Parun]], alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix [[:en:Ivana_Brlić-Mažuranić|Ivana Brlić Mažuranić]] (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: [[:en:Slavko_Mihalić|Slavko Mihalić]], repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), [[:en:Ivan_Slamnig|Ivan Slamnig]], fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), [[:en:Danijel_Dragojević|Danijel Dragojević]], repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. 8vb1vdshndnypoc92862nq7dceji0v9 3982008 3982002 2026-08-18T11:15:11Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3982008 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurnos.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: [[:en:August_Šenoa|August Šenoa]], conditor romani historici; [[:en:Ante_Kovačić|Ante Kovačić]] (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: [[:en:Stanko_Vraz|Stanko Vraz]] (lyrica amatoria), [[:en:Petar_Preradović|Petar Preradović]] (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), [[:en:Silvije_Strahimir_Kranjčević|Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević]] (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: [[:en:Antun_Gustav_Matoš|Antun Gustav Matoš]], [[:en:Janko_Polić_Kamov|Janko Polić Kamov]] (Latine: [[Ioannes Polić Kamov]]), [[:en:Vladimir_Vidrić|Vladimir Vidrić]], et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: [[:en:Tin_Ujević|Tin Ujević]], [[:en:Antun_Branko_Šimić|Antun Branko Šimić]], [[:en:Miroslav_Krleža|Miroslav Krleža]], [[:en:Ivan_Goran_Kovačić|Ivan Goran Kovačić]], [[:en:Ranko_Marinković|Ranko Marinković]], [[:en:Dobriša_Cesarić|Dobriša Cesarić]], [[:en:Jure_Kaštelan|Jure Kaštelan]], [[:en:Dragutin_Tadijanović|Dragutin Tadijanović]], [[:en:Vesna_Parun|Vesna Parun]], alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix [[:en:Ivana_Brlić-Mažuranić|Ivana Brlić Mažuranić]] (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: [[:en:Slavko_Mihalić|Slavko Mihalić]], repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), [[:en:Ivan_Slamnig|Ivan Slamnig]], fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), [[:en:Danijel_Dragojević|Danijel Dragojević]], repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. 27u8vazg0mqee7rg6niquaspxqz209h 3982013 3982008 2026-08-18T11:37:24Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3982013 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurnos.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: [[:en:August_Šenoa|August Šenoa]], conditor romani historici; [[:en:Ante_Kovačić|Ante Kovačić]] (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: [[:en:Stanko_Vraz|Stanko Vraz]] (lyrica amatoria), [[:en:Petar_Preradović|Petar Preradović]] (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), [[:en:Silvije_Strahimir_Kranjčević|Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević]] (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: [[:en:Antun_Gustav_Matoš|Antun Gustav Matoš]], [[:en:Janko_Polić_Kamov|Janko Polić Kamov]] (Latine: [[Ioannes Polić Kamov]]), [[:en:Vladimir_Vidrić|Vladimir Vidrić]], et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: [[:en:Tin_Ujević|Tin Ujević]], [[:en:Antun_Branko_Šimić|Antun Branko Šimić]], [[:en:Miroslav_Krleža|Miroslav Krleža]], [[:en:Ivan_Goran_Kovačić|Ivan Goran Kovačić]], [[:en:Ranko_Marinković|Ranko Marinković]], [[:en:Dobriša_Cesarić|Dobriša Cesarić]], [[:en:Jure_Kaštelan|Jure Kaštelan]], [[:en:Dragutin_Tadijanović|Dragutin Tadijanović]], [[:en:Vesna_Parun|Vesna Parun]], alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix [[:en:Ivana_Brlić-Mažuranić|Ivana Brlić Mažuranić]] (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: [[:en:Slavko_Mihalić|Slavko Mihalić]], repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), [[:en:Ivan_Slamnig|Ivan Slamnig]], fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), [[:en:Danijel_Dragojević|Danijel Dragojević]], repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. == Nexus externi == * [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Categoria:Scriptores_Croatiae][[s:Categoria:Scriptores_Croatiae==|https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Categoria:Scriptores_Croatiae]] 2geq1a2f694bvp6wnqlo7gqau2h84h0 3982014 3982013 2026-08-18T11:38:50Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 3982014 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurnos.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: [[:en:August_Šenoa|August Šenoa]], conditor romani historici; [[:en:Ante_Kovačić|Ante Kovačić]] (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: [[:en:Stanko_Vraz|Stanko Vraz]] (lyrica amatoria), [[:en:Petar_Preradović|Petar Preradović]] (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), [[:en:Silvije_Strahimir_Kranjčević|Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević]] (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: [[:en:Antun_Gustav_Matoš|Antun Gustav Matoš]], [[:en:Janko_Polić_Kamov|Janko Polić Kamov]] (Latine: [[Ioannes Polić Kamov]]), [[:en:Vladimir_Vidrić|Vladimir Vidrić]], et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: [[:en:Tin_Ujević|Tin Ujević]], [[:en:Antun_Branko_Šimić|Antun Branko Šimić]], [[:en:Miroslav_Krleža|Miroslav Krleža]], [[:en:Ivan_Goran_Kovačić|Ivan Goran Kovačić]], [[:en:Ranko_Marinković|Ranko Marinković]], [[:en:Dobriša_Cesarić|Dobriša Cesarić]], [[:en:Jure_Kaštelan|Jure Kaštelan]], [[:en:Dragutin_Tadijanović|Dragutin Tadijanović]], [[:en:Vesna_Parun|Vesna Parun]], alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix [[:en:Ivana_Brlić-Mažuranić|Ivana Brlić Mažuranić]] (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: [[:en:Slavko_Mihalić|Slavko Mihalić]], repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), [[:en:Ivan_Slamnig|Ivan Slamnig]], fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), [[:en:Danijel_Dragojević|Danijel Dragojević]], repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. == Nexus externi == [https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Categoria:Scriptores_Croatiae][[s:Categoria:Scriptores_Croatiae==|https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Categoria:Scriptores_Croatiae]] 2ckqk44isb4iptoe41lujhhbojkq1ur 3982015 3982014 2026-08-18T11:41:56Z Coronus Tenebrosius 204685 /* Nexus externi */ 3982015 wikitext text/x-wiki Magna renovatio litterarum, linguae, culturae Croaticae — immo etiam cogitationis nationalis — eruptive orta est cum '''Motu Illyrico''' publico et culturali prima parte et medio saeculi XIX. Totum saeculum XIX in litteris Croaticis videri potest quasi exordium Croatiae modernae: lingua renovata et stabilita est, per normas, scholam, litteras, diurnos.<ref>Motus Illyricus (annorum fere 1835–1863) fuit motus culturalis et politicus Croaticus, pars praecipua Renovationis Nationalis Croaticae, cuius propositum erat renovatio linguae, culturae et identitatis nationalis.</ref> In hoc saeculo agunt omnes “patres magni”: [[:en:August_Šenoa|August Šenoa]], conditor romani historici; [[:en:Ante_Kovačić|Ante Kovačić]] (auctor optimi romanzi Croatici saeculi XIX, In Registratura, secundum consensum criticorum litterariorum). Um artisticâ qualitate praestantissimi poetae Croatici saeculi XIX sunt: [[:en:Stanko_Vraz|Stanko Vraz]] (lyrica amatoria), [[:en:Petar_Preradović|Petar Preradović]] (poesis amoris erga patriam et linguam), [[:en:Silvije_Strahimir_Kranjčević|Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević]] (maximus poeta Croaticus aetatis realisticae — poesis classicae monumentalitatis, qua de condicionibus societatis sui temporis necnon de angustiis personalibus agitur). In fine saeculi XIX et initio saeculi XX creant: [[:en:Antun_Gustav_Matoš|Antun Gustav Matoš]], [[:en:Janko_Polić_Kamov|Janko Polić Kamov]] (Latine: [[Ioannes Polić Kamov]]), [[:en:Vladimir_Vidrić|Vladimir Vidrić]], et alii. Per saeculum XX creant classici litterarum et poesis Croaticae: [[:en:Tin_Ujević|Tin Ujević]], [[:en:Antun_Branko_Šimić|Antun Branko Šimić]], [[:en:Miroslav_Krleža|Miroslav Krleža]], [[:en:Ivan_Goran_Kovačić|Ivan Goran Kovačić]], [[:en:Ranko_Marinković|Ranko Marinković]], [[:en:Dobriša_Cesarić|Dobriša Cesarić]], [[:en:Jure_Kaštelan|Jure Kaštelan]], [[:en:Dragutin_Tadijanović|Dragutin Tadijanović]], [[:en:Vesna_Parun|Vesna Parun]], alii. Praecipue eminere debet scriptrix [[:en:Ivana_Brlić-Mažuranić|Ivana Brlić Mažuranić]] (1874–1938), auctrix fabularum et romanorum puerilium, quae ob praestantiam operum suorum saepe appellatur “Andersen Croaticus”. In altera parte saeculi XX apparent auctores qui, respectu priorum, exhibent proprietates postmodernismi: [[:en:Slavko_Mihalić|Slavko Mihalić]], repraesentans existentialismum (adhuc satis classicus), [[:en:Ivan_Slamnig|Ivan Slamnig]], fortasse clarissimus repraesentans ludismum (a poeta ludens), [[:en:Danijel_Dragojević|Danijel Dragojević]], repraesentans poeticam contemplativam et reductam, cum proprietatibus postmodernismi meditativi. == Nexus externi == * Vicifons: Categoria:Scriptores Croatiae[https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Categoria:Scriptores_Croatiae] == Notae == oljhv4w5ozn2xqd2e5ka7fguohvfmcl Friedeburg 0 327797 3982010 2026-08-18T11:15:47Z Cyprianus Marcus 66550 Cyprianus Marcus movit paginam [[Friedeburg]] ad [[Frideburgum]]: Nomen Latinum vel Latinizatum inventum. Vide notam 3982010 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Frideburgum]] 0h0xynvejey9pv63auli647pa6hzms5