Wikisource lawikisource https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Pagina_prima MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.1 first-letter Media Specialis Disputatio Usor Disputatio Usoris Vicifons Disputatio Vicifontis Fasciculus Disputatio Fasciculi MediaWiki Disputatio MediaWiki Formula Disputatio Formulae Auxilium Disputatio Auxilii Categoria Disputatio Categoriae Scriptor Disputatio Scriptoris Pagina Disputatio Paginae Liber Disputatio Libri TimedText TimedText talk Modulus Disputatio Moduli Event Event talk 0 1431 265335 264692 2026-05-12T10:06:52Z Saumache 27923 /* Incertae Sedis Fragmenta. */ 265335 wikitext text/x-wiki {{titulus |Scriptor= Quintus Ennius |OperaeTitulus= Annalium |OperaeWikiPagina= Annalium fragmenta |Annus= Saeculum II a.Ch.n. |SubTitulus= fragmenta |Genera= Carmina epica |Editio= 1874, Oxford; [[:en:Author:John Wordsworth|John Wordsworth]], apud ''Fragments and Specimens of Early Latin'', pp 299-307. |Fons= [https://www.google.com/books/edition/Fragments_and_Specimens_of_Early_Latin/pFwtAQAAMAAJ?gbpv=1&pg=PA299 Google Books]. Numeri ex E. H. Warmington (Loeb Classical Library) [https://archive.org/details/remainsofoldlati01warmuoft/page/14/mode/1up?view=theater editione anni 1935] sunt. }} == Liber I == <poem> ::{{font-size|90%|[Ilia Aeneae filia sororem adloquitur.]}} Excita cum tremulis anus attulit artubus lumen,{{Versus|32}} Talia commemorat lacrimans, exterrita somno: ‘Eurudica prognata pater quam noster amavit, Vires vitaque corpus meum nunc deserit omne.{{Versus|35}} Nam me visus homo pulcher per amoena salicta Et ripas raptare locosque novos: ita sola Postilla germana soror, errare videbar Tardaque vestigare et quaerere te, neque posse Corde capessere: semita nulla pedem stabilibat.{{Versus|40}} Exin compellare pater me voce videtur His verbis: “o gnata, tibi sunt ante ferendae Aerumnae, post ex fluvio fortuna resistet.” Haec ecfatus pater, germana, repente recessit Nec sese dedit in conspectum corde cupitus,{{Versus|45}} Quamquam multa manus ad caeli caerula templa Tendebam lacrumans et blanda voce vocabam. Vix aegro cum corde meo me somnus reliquit.’{{Versus|48}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Romulo auspicia data.]}} Curantes magna cum cura cumcupientes{{Versus|80}} Regni dant operam simul auspicio augurioque. .&emsp;.&emsp;.&emsp;.&emsp;.&emsp;.&emsp;.&emsp;. [Hinc] Remus auspicio se devovet atque secundam Solus avem servat. at Romulus pulcher in alto Quaerit Aventino, servat genus altivolantum.{{Versus|85}} Certabant urbem Romam Remoramne vocarent. Omnibus cura viris uter esset induperator. Expectant vel uti, consul cum mittere signum Volt, omnes avidi spectant ad carceris oras, Quam mox emittat pictis e faucibus currus:{{Versus|90}} Sic expectabat populus atque ora tenebat Rebus, utri magni victoria sit data regni. Interea sol albus recessit in infera noctis. Exin candida se radiis dedit icta foras lux. Et simul ex alto longe pulcherruma praepes{{Versus|95}} Laeva volavit avis: simul aureus exoritur sol. Cedunt de caelo ter quattor corpora sancta Avium, praepetibus sese pulchrisque locis dant. Conspicit inde sibi data Romulus esse priora, Auspicio regni stabilita scamna locumque.{{Versus|100}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Romuli nenia.]}} Pectora diu tenet desiderium, simul inter{{Versus|117}} Sese sic memorant, ‘o Romule, Romule die, Qualem te patriae custodem di genuerunt!{{Versus|119}} O pater o genitor o sanguen dis oriundum, Tu produxisti nos intra luminis oras.{{Versus|121}} Romulus in caelo cum dis genitalibus aevum{{Versus|114}} Degit.{{Versus|115}} </poem> == Liber VI == <poem> (''fragmenta quae exstant omnia'') ::{{font-size|90%|[Bellum cum Pyrrho Epiri rege.]}} Quis potis ingentis oras evolvere belli?{{Versus|173}} Tum cum corde suo divum pater atque hominum rex{{Versus|207}} Effatur.{{Versus|208}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Postumius apud Tarentinos.]}} ::::.&emsp;.&emsp;.&emsp;.&emsp;. Contra carinantes verba atque obscena profatus.{{Versus|12}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Tarentini Pyrrhum arcessunt.]}} Navus repertus homo Graio patre Graius homo rex,{{Versus|178}} Nomine Burrus uti memorant a stirpe supremo.{{Versus|172}} Intus in occulto mussabant …{{Versus|179}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Oraculum Apollinis Pyrrho datum.]}} Aio te Aeacida Romanos vincere posse.{{Versus|174}} ::::stolidum genus Aeacidarum Bellipotentes sunt magis quam sapientipotentes.{{Versus|176}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Proletarii armantur.]}} Proletarius publicitus scuteisque feroque{{Versus|526}} Ornatur ferro, muros urbemque forumque Excubiis curant.{{Versus|528}} Balantum pecudes quatit: omnes arma requirunt.{{Versus|180}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Arbores ad rogos faciendos caeduntur.]}} Incedunt arbusta per alta, securibus caedunt,{{Versus|181}} Percellunt magnas quercus, exciditur ilex, Fraxinus frangitur atque abies consternitur alta.{{Versus|183}} Pinus proceras pervortunt: omne sonabat Arbustum fremitu silvai frondosai.{{Versus|185}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Epigramma Pyrrhi in templo Tarentini Iovis.]}} Qui antehae invicti fuerunt, pater optime Olympi,{{Versus|21}} Hos et ego in pugna vici victusque sum ab isdem.{{Versus|22}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Pyrrhi de captivis reddendis praeclara sententia.]}} Nec mi aurum posco nec mi pretium dederitis:{{Versus|186}} Non cauponantes bellum sed belligerantes, Ferro non auro vitam cernamus utrique.{{Versus|188}} Vosne velit an me regnare, era quidve ferat Fors Virtute experiamur. Et hoc simul accipe dictum:{{Versus|190}} Quorum virtutei belli fortuna pepercit, Eorundem libertati me parcere certumust. Dono ducite, doque volentibus cum magnis Dis.{{Versus|193}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Sententia ab Appio dicta.]}} Quo vobis mentes rectae quae stare solebant{{Versus|194}} Antehac, dementes sese flexere viai? Sed quid ego hic animo lamentor?{{Versus|196}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Cineas redit re infecta.]}} Orator sine pace redit regique refert rem.{{Versus|197}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Cineas rem Pyrrho refert.]}} … ast animo superant atque asp''era p''rima{{Versus|198}} Volnera belli despernunt.{{Versus|199}} … decretum est fossari corpora telis.{{Versus|510}} Dum quidem unus homo Romanus toga superescit.{{Versus|486}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Decius nepos apud Asculum se devovet.]}} … divi hoc audite parumper,{{Versus|200}} Ut pro Romano populo prognariter armis Certando prudens animam de corpore mitto.{{Versus|202}} ::{{font-size|90%|[De rebus ad Beneventum gestis.]}} Lumen … scitus agaso{{Versus|203}} Vertitur interea caelum cum ingentibus signis.{{Versus|205}} Ut primum tenebris abiectis indalbabat.{{Versus|206}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Laus M’. Curii.]}} Quem nemo ferro potuit superare nec auro.{{Versus|209}} </poem> == Liber VII == <poem> ::{{font-size|90%|[Ennii de Naevio sententia.]}} &emsp;&emsp;&emsp;&emsp;&emsp;&emsp;scripsere alii rem{{Versus|231}} Versibus quos olim Faunei vatesque canebant; Cum neque Musarum scopulos quisquam superarat{{Versus|233}} Nec dicti studiosus erat,{{Versus|234}} ::::::::::ante hunc Nos ausi reserare …{{Versus|235}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Gemini Servilii amicus describitur.]}} Haece locutus vocat quocum bene saepe libenter{{Versus|210}} Mensam sermonesque suos rerumque suarum Comiter impartit, magnam cum lassus diei Partem fuisset de summis rebus regundis Consilio iudu foro lato sanctoque senatu: Cui res audacter magnas parvasque iocumque{{Versus|215}} Eloqueretur, et cuncta malaque et bona dictu Evomeret, si qui vellet, tutoque locaret. Quocum multa volup ''ac'' gaudia clamque palamque. Ingenium cui nulla malum sententia suadet Ut faceret facinus, levis, haut malus, doctus, fidelis,{{Versus|220}} Suavis homo, facundus, suo contentus, beatus, Scitus, secunda loquens in tempore, commodus verbum Paucum, multa tenens antiqua sepulta, vestutas Qu''em'' facit et mores veteresque novosque tenentem, Multorum veterum leges divumque hominumque;{{Versus|225}} Prudenter qui dicta loquive tacereve possit: Hunc inter pugnas compellat Servilius sic:—{{Versus|227}} </poem> == Liber VIII == <poem> ::{{font-size|90%|[De bello Hannibalico.]}} &emsp;&emsp;&emsp;&emsp;&emsp;postquam Discordia taetra{{Versus|258}} Belli ferratos postes portasque refregit.{{Versus|259}} Pellitur e medio sapientia, vi geritur res,{{Versus|263}} Spernitur orator bonus, horridus miles amatur. Haut doctis dictis certantes sed maledictis{{Versus|265}} Miscent inter sese inimicitiam agitantes. Non ex iure manu consertum sed magis ferro Rem repetunt, regnumque petunt, vadunt solida vi.{{Versus|268}} </poem> == Liber IX == <poem> ::{{font-size|90%|[De consulatu Cethegi et Tuditani, v. c. 548.]}} Additur orator Cornelius saviloquenti{{Versus|300}} Ore Cethegus Marcus Tuditano conlega Marci filius{{Versus|302}} … is dictust ollis popularibus olim, Qui tum vivebant homines atque aevum agitabant, Flos delibatus populi suadaeque medulla.{{Versus|305}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Fabii Cunctatoris elogium.]}} Unus homo nobis cunctando restituit rem.{{Versus|360}} Non enim rumores ponebat ante salutem. Ergo postque magisque viri nunc gloria claret.{{Versus|362}} ::{{font-size|90%|[De Hannibale.]}} … mortalem summum fortuna repente{{Versus|313}} Reddidit, ''e'' summo regno ut famul infimus esset.{{Versus|314}} </poem> == Liber X == <poem> ::{{font-size|90%|[Bellum Macedonicum.]}} Insece Musa manu Romanorum induperator{{Versus|322}} Quod quisque in bello gessit cum rege Philippo.{{Versus|323}} Egregie cordatus homo catus Aelius Sextus.{{Versus|326}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Charopi Epirotae pastor T. Quinctium adloquitur.]}} Sollicitari te Tite sic noctesque diesque{{Versus|331}} &emsp;&emsp;*&emsp;&emsp;*&emsp;&emsp;*&emsp;&emsp;*&emsp;&emsp;* O Tite si quid ego adiuero curamve levasso,{{Versus|327}} Quae nunc te coquit et versat in pectore fixa, Ecquid erit praemi?{{Versus|329}} &emsp;&emsp;*&emsp;&emsp;*&emsp;&emsp;*&emsp;&emsp;*&emsp;&emsp;* Ille vir haud magna cum re, set plenus fidei.{{Versus|330}} ::{{font-size|90%|[T. Quinctius ante pugnam ad Cynoscephalas.]}} Aspectabat virtutem legionis ''suai'',{{Versus|333}} ''Ex''pectans si mussaret quae denique pausa Pugnandi fieret aut duri ''finis'' laboris.{{Versus|335}} </poem> == Liber XI == <poem> Quae neque Dardaniis campis potuere perire,{{Versus|349}} Nec cum capta capi, nec cum combusta cremari.{{Versus|350}} </poem> ==Liber XII== <poem> Unus homo nobis cunctando restituit rem.{{r|360}} Noenum rumores ponebat ante salutem; ergo postque magisque viri nunc gloria claret.{{r|362}} Omnes mortales victores, cordibus imis{{r|363}} laetantes, vino curatos, somnus repente in campo passim mollissimus perculit acris.{{r|365}} </poem> ==Liber XVI== <poem> Quippe vetusta virum non est satis bella moveri?{{r|390}} post aetate pigret subferre laborem.{{r|391}} Aestatem autumnus sequitur, post acer hiems it.{{r|395}} </poem> == Liber XVII == <poem> ::{{font-size|90%|[Res gestae {{Minor|A.V.C.}} 572, 573.]}} Concurrunt vel uti venti cum spiritus austri{{Versus|430}} Imbricitor aquiloque suo cum flamine contra Indu mari magno fluctus extollere certant.{{Versus|432}} </poem> == Liber XVIII == <poem> ::{{font-size|90%|[Pugna C. Aelii tribuni; cf. Liv. xli. 4.]}} Undique conveniunt vel ut imber tela tribuno:{{Versus|409}} Configunt parmam, tinnit astilibus umbo Aerato sonitu galeae: sed nec pote quisquam Undique nitendo corpus discerpere ferro.{{Versus|412}} Semper ''o''bundantes hastas frangitque quatitque: Totum sudor habet corpus multumque laborat, Nec respirandi fit copia: praepete ferro Histri tela manu iacientes sollicitabant.{{Versus|416}} ::{{font-size|90%|[De se ipso.]}} Nos sumus Romani qui fuimus ante Rudini.{{Versus|10}} Sicut fortis equus, spatio qui saepe supremo{{Versus|388}} Vicit Olimpia, nunc senio confectus quiescit.{{Versus|389}} </poem> ==Incertae Sedis Fragmenta.== <poem> Moribus antiquis res stat Romana virisque.{{Versus|467}} Septingenti sunt paulo plus aut minus anni Augusto augurio postquam inclita condita Roma est.{{Versus|469}} Et tum sic ut equus, qui de praesepibus fartus{{Versus|517}} Vincla suis magnis animis abrupit, et inde Fert sese campi per caerula laetaque prata{{Versus|519}} Celso pectore, saepe iubam quassat simul altam, Spiritus ex anima calida spumas agit albas.{{Versus|521}} Interea fugit albus iubar Hyperionis cursum<ref>[[Institutiones grammaticae/Liber V#44|Institutiones grammaticae 5.44]]</ref>{{r|559}} Perque fabam repunt et mollia crura reponunt.{{Versus|563}} </poem> jx6nvaladc4ojnbgso21coolv6agprm 265338 265335 2026-05-12T10:39:38Z Saumache 27923 265338 wikitext text/x-wiki {{titulus |Scriptor= Quintus Ennius |OperaeTitulus= Annalium |OperaeWikiPagina= Annalium fragmenta |Annus= Saeculum II a.Ch.n. |SubTitulus= fragmenta |Genera= Carmina epica |Editio= 1874, Oxford; [[:en:Author:John Wordsworth|John Wordsworth]], apud ''Fragments and Specimens of Early Latin'', pp 299-307. |Fons= [https://www.google.com/books/edition/Fragments_and_Specimens_of_Early_Latin/pFwtAQAAMAAJ?gbpv=1&pg=PA299 Google Books]. Numeri ex E. H. Warmington (Loeb Classical Library) [https://archive.org/details/remainsofoldlati01warmuoft/page/14/mode/1up?view=theater editione anni 1935] sunt. }} == Liber I == <poem> ::{{font-size|90%|[Ilia Aeneae filia sororem adloquitur.]}} Excita cum tremulis anus attulit artubus lumen,{{Versus|32}} Talia commemorat lacrimans, exterrita somno: ‘Eurudica prognata pater quam noster amavit, Vires vitaque corpus meum nunc deserit omne.{{Versus|35}} Nam me visus homo pulcher per amoena salicta Et ripas raptare locosque novos: ita sola Postilla germana soror, errare videbar Tardaque vestigare et quaerere te, neque posse Corde capessere: semita nulla pedem stabilibat.{{Versus|40}} Exin compellare pater me voce videtur His verbis: “o gnata, tibi sunt ante ferendae Aerumnae, post ex fluvio fortuna resistet.” Haec ecfatus pater, germana, repente recessit Nec sese dedit in conspectum corde cupitus,{{Versus|45}} Quamquam multa manus ad caeli caerula templa Tendebam lacrumans et blanda voce vocabam. Vix aegro cum corde meo me somnus reliquit.’{{Versus|48}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Romulo auspicia data.]}} Curantes magna cum cura cumcupientes{{Versus|80}} Regni dant operam simul auspicio augurioque. .&emsp;.&emsp;.&emsp;.&emsp;.&emsp;.&emsp;.&emsp;. [Hinc] Remus auspicio se devovet atque secundam Solus avem servat. at Romulus pulcher in alto Quaerit Aventino, servat genus altivolantum.{{Versus|85}} Certabant urbem Romam Remoramne vocarent. Omnibus cura viris uter esset induperator. Expectant vel uti, consul cum mittere signum Volt, omnes avidi spectant ad carceris oras, Quam mox emittat pictis e faucibus currus:{{Versus|90}} Sic expectabat populus atque ora tenebat Rebus, utri magni victoria sit data regni. Interea sol albus recessit in infera noctis. Exin candida se radiis dedit icta foras lux. Et simul ex alto longe pulcherruma praepes{{Versus|95}} Laeva volavit avis: simul aureus exoritur sol. Cedunt de caelo ter quattor corpora sancta Avium, praepetibus sese pulchrisque locis dant. Conspicit inde sibi data Romulus esse priora, Auspicio regni stabilita scamna locumque.{{Versus|100}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Romuli nenia.]}} Pectora diu tenet desiderium, simul inter{{Versus|117}} Sese sic memorant, ‘o Romule, Romule die, Qualem te patriae custodem di genuerunt!{{Versus|119}} O pater o genitor o sanguen dis oriundum, Tu produxisti nos intra luminis oras.{{Versus|121}} Romulus in caelo cum dis genitalibus aevum{{Versus|114}} Degit.{{Versus|115}} </poem> == Liber VI == <poem> (''fragmenta quae exstant omnia'') ::{{font-size|90%|[Bellum cum Pyrrho Epiri rege.]}} Quis potis ingentis oras evolvere belli?{{Versus|173}} Tum cum corde suo divum pater atque hominum rex{{Versus|207}} Effatur.{{Versus|208}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Postumius apud Tarentinos.]}} ::::.&emsp;.&emsp;.&emsp;.&emsp;. Contra carinantes verba atque obscena profatus.{{Versus|12}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Tarentini Pyrrhum arcessunt.]}} Navus repertus homo Graio patre Graius homo rex,{{Versus|178}} Nomine Burrus uti memorant a stirpe supremo.{{Versus|172}} Intus in occulto mussabant …{{Versus|179}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Oraculum Apollinis Pyrrho datum.]}} Aio te Aeacida Romanos vincere posse.{{Versus|174}} ::::stolidum genus Aeacidarum Bellipotentes sunt magis quam sapientipotentes.{{Versus|176}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Proletarii armantur.]}} Proletarius publicitus scuteisque feroque{{Versus|526}} Ornatur ferro, muros urbemque forumque Excubiis curant.{{Versus|528}} Balantum pecudes quatit: omnes arma requirunt.{{Versus|180}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Arbores ad rogos faciendos caeduntur.]}} Incedunt arbusta per alta, securibus caedunt,{{Versus|181}} Percellunt magnas quercus, exciditur ilex, Fraxinus frangitur atque abies consternitur alta.{{Versus|183}} Pinus proceras pervortunt: omne sonabat Arbustum fremitu silvai frondosai.{{Versus|185}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Epigramma Pyrrhi in templo Tarentini Iovis.]}} Qui antehae invicti fuerunt, pater optime Olympi,{{Versus|21}} Hos et ego in pugna vici victusque sum ab isdem.{{Versus|22}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Pyrrhi de captivis reddendis praeclara sententia.]}} Nec mi aurum posco nec mi pretium dederitis:{{Versus|186}} Non cauponantes bellum sed belligerantes, Ferro non auro vitam cernamus utrique.{{Versus|188}} Vosne velit an me regnare, era quidve ferat Fors Virtute experiamur. Et hoc simul accipe dictum:{{Versus|190}} Quorum virtutei belli fortuna pepercit, Eorundem libertati me parcere certumust. Dono ducite, doque volentibus cum magnis Dis.{{Versus|193}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Sententia ab Appio dicta.]}} Quo vobis mentes rectae quae stare solebant{{Versus|194}} Antehac, dementes sese flexere viai? Sed quid ego hic animo lamentor?{{Versus|196}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Cineas redit re infecta.]}} Orator sine pace redit regique refert rem.{{Versus|197}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Cineas rem Pyrrho refert.]}} … ast animo superant atque asp''era p''rima{{Versus|198}} Volnera belli despernunt.{{Versus|199}} … decretum est fossari corpora telis.{{Versus|510}} Dum quidem unus homo Romanus toga superescit.{{Versus|486}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Decius nepos apud Asculum se devovet.]}} … divi hoc audite parumper,{{Versus|200}} Ut pro Romano populo prognariter armis Certando prudens animam de corpore mitto.{{Versus|202}} ::{{font-size|90%|[De rebus ad Beneventum gestis.]}} Lumen … scitus agaso{{Versus|203}} Vertitur interea caelum cum ingentibus signis.{{Versus|205}} Ut primum tenebris abiectis indalbabat.{{Versus|206}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Laus M’. Curii.]}} Quem nemo ferro potuit superare nec auro.{{Versus|209}} </poem> == Liber VII == <poem> ::{{font-size|90%|[Ennii de Naevio sententia.]}} &emsp;&emsp;&emsp;&emsp;&emsp;&emsp;scripsere alii rem{{Versus|231}} Versibus quos olim Faunei vatesque canebant; Cum neque Musarum scopulos quisquam superarat{{Versus|233}} Nec dicti studiosus erat,{{Versus|234}} ::::::::::ante hunc Nos ausi reserare …{{Versus|235}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Gemini Servilii amicus describitur.]}} Haece locutus vocat quocum bene saepe libenter{{Versus|210}} Mensam sermonesque suos rerumque suarum Comiter impartit, magnam cum lassus diei Partem fuisset de summis rebus regundis Consilio iudu foro lato sanctoque senatu: Cui res audacter magnas parvasque iocumque{{Versus|215}} Eloqueretur, et cuncta malaque et bona dictu Evomeret, si qui vellet, tutoque locaret. Quocum multa volup ''ac'' gaudia clamque palamque. Ingenium cui nulla malum sententia suadet Ut faceret facinus, levis, haut malus, doctus, fidelis,{{Versus|220}} Suavis homo, facundus, suo contentus, beatus, Scitus, secunda loquens in tempore, commodus verbum Paucum, multa tenens antiqua sepulta, vestutas Qu''em'' facit et mores veteresque novosque tenentem, Multorum veterum leges divumque hominumque;{{Versus|225}} Prudenter qui dicta loquive tacereve possit: Hunc inter pugnas compellat Servilius sic:—{{Versus|227}} </poem> == Liber VIII == <poem> ::{{font-size|90%|[De bello Hannibalico.]}} &emsp;&emsp;&emsp;&emsp;&emsp;postquam Discordia taetra{{Versus|258}} Belli ferratos postes portasque refregit.{{Versus|259}} Pellitur e medio sapientia, vi geritur res,{{Versus|263}} Spernitur orator bonus, horridus miles amatur. Haut doctis dictis certantes sed maledictis{{Versus|265}} Miscent inter sese inimicitiam agitantes. Non ex iure manu consertum sed magis ferro Rem repetunt, regnumque petunt, vadunt solida vi.{{Versus|268}} </poem> == Liber IX == <poem> ::{{font-size|90%|[De consulatu Cethegi et Tuditani, v. c. 548.]}} Additur orator Cornelius saviloquenti{{Versus|300}} Ore Cethegus Marcus Tuditano conlega Marci filius{{Versus|302}} … is dictust ollis popularibus olim, Qui tum vivebant homines atque aevum agitabant, Flos delibatus populi suadaeque medulla.{{Versus|305}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Fabii Cunctatoris elogium.]}} Unus homo nobis cunctando restituit rem.{{Versus|360}} Non enim rumores ponebat ante salutem. Ergo postque magisque viri nunc gloria claret.{{Versus|362}} ::{{font-size|90%|[De Hannibale.]}} … mortalem summum fortuna repente{{Versus|313}} Reddidit, ''e'' summo regno ut famul infimus esset.{{Versus|314}} </poem> == Liber X == <poem> ::{{font-size|90%|[Bellum Macedonicum.]}} Insece Musa manu Romanorum induperator{{Versus|322}} Quod quisque in bello gessit cum rege Philippo.{{Versus|323}} Egregie cordatus homo catus Aelius Sextus.{{Versus|326}} ::{{font-size|90%|[Charopi Epirotae pastor T. Quinctium adloquitur.]}} Sollicitari te Tite sic noctesque diesque{{Versus|331}} &emsp;&emsp;*&emsp;&emsp;*&emsp;&emsp;*&emsp;&emsp;*&emsp;&emsp;* O Tite si quid ego adiuero curamve levasso,{{Versus|327}} Quae nunc te coquit et versat in pectore fixa, Ecquid erit praemi?{{Versus|329}} &emsp;&emsp;*&emsp;&emsp;*&emsp;&emsp;*&emsp;&emsp;*&emsp;&emsp;* Ille vir haud magna cum re, set plenus fidei.{{Versus|330}} ::{{font-size|90%|[T. Quinctius ante pugnam ad Cynoscephalas.]}} Aspectabat virtutem legionis ''suai'',{{Versus|333}} ''Ex''pectans si mussaret quae denique pausa Pugnandi fieret aut duri ''finis'' laboris.{{Versus|335}} </poem> == Liber XI == <poem> Quae neque Dardaniis campis potuere perire,{{Versus|349}} Nec cum capta capi, nec cum combusta cremari.{{Versus|350}} </poem> ==Liber XII== <poem> Unus homo nobis cunctando restituit rem.{{r|360}} Noenum rumores ponebat ante salutem; ergo postque magisque viri nunc gloria claret.{{r|362}} Omnes mortales victores, cordibus imis{{r|363}} laetantes, vino curatos, somnus repente in campo passim mollissimus perculit acris.{{r|365}} </poem> ==Liber XIV== <poem> Verrunt extemplo placide mare marmore flavo;{{r|372}} caeruleum spumat sale conferta rate pulsum.<ref>[[Noctes Atticae/Liber II#XXVI.21|Noctes Atticae 2.26.21]]</ref>{{r|373}} Caeruleum spumat sale conferta rate pulsum{{r|372}} per mare<ref>[[Institutiones Grammaticae/Liber V#45|Institutiones Grammaticae 5.45]]</ref>{{r|373}} Litora lata sonunt{{r|377}} ‘Nunc est ille dies quom gloria maxima sese{{r|378}} nobis ostendat, si vivimus sive morimur.’<ref>[[Institutiones grammaticae]]</ref>{{r|378}} </poem> ==Liber XVI== <poem> Quippe vetusta virum non est satis bella moveri?{{r|390}} post aetate pigret subferre laborem.{{r|391}} Aestatem autumnus sequitur, post acer hiems it.{{r|395}} </poem> == Liber XVII == <poem> ::{{font-size|90%|[Res gestae {{Minor|A.V.C.}} 572, 573.]}} Concurrunt vel uti venti cum spiritus austri{{Versus|430}} Imbricitor aquiloque suo cum flamine contra Indu mari magno fluctus extollere certant.{{Versus|432}} </poem> == Liber XVIII == <poem> ::{{font-size|90%|[Pugna C. Aelii tribuni; cf. Liv. xli. 4.]}} Undique conveniunt vel ut imber tela tribuno:{{Versus|409}} Configunt parmam, tinnit astilibus umbo Aerato sonitu galeae: sed nec pote quisquam Undique nitendo corpus discerpere ferro.{{Versus|412}} Semper ''o''bundantes hastas frangitque quatitque: Totum sudor habet corpus multumque laborat, Nec respirandi fit copia: praepete ferro Histri tela manu iacientes sollicitabant.{{Versus|416}} ::{{font-size|90%|[De se ipso.]}} Nos sumus Romani qui fuimus ante Rudini.{{Versus|10}} Sicut fortis equus, spatio qui saepe supremo{{Versus|388}} Vicit Olimpia, nunc senio confectus quiescit.{{Versus|389}} </poem> ==Incertae Sedis Fragmenta.== <poem> Moribus antiquis res stat Romana virisque.{{Versus|467}} Septingenti sunt paulo plus aut minus anni Augusto augurio postquam inclita condita Roma est.{{Versus|469}} Et tum sic ut equus, qui de praesepibus fartus{{Versus|517}} Vincla suis magnis animis abrupit, et inde Fert sese campi per caerula laetaque prata{{Versus|519}} Celso pectore, saepe iubam quassat simul altam, Spiritus ex anima calida spumas agit albas.{{Versus|521}} Interea fugit albus iubar Hyperionis cursum<ref>[[Institutiones grammaticae/Liber V#44|Institutiones grammaticae 5.44]]</ref>{{r|559}} Perque fabam repunt et mollia crura reponunt.{{Versus|563}} </poem> q75cck3vx5e6b4cn7j50vry12h26nej 4 1852 265325 263611 2026-05-12T08:01:44Z JimKillock 19003 /* Proofing Liber:PRAETORIUS, Michael - Syntagma musicum 1.djvu */ nova pars 265325 wikitext text/x-wiki __NEWSECTIONLINK__ <!--- __NOTOC__ --->[[Categoria:Vicifons|Scriptorium]] {{Intraincepti |w= Vicipaedia:Taberna |q= Vicicitatio:Taberna |commons: <!-- Communia --> |b= Vicilibri:Porta Communis |wikt= Victionarium:Taberna |m= <!-- Meta --> |wikispecies= <!-- Vicispecies --> |n= <!-- Vicinuntii --> }} <div class="toccolours" style="text-align:center; font-size:14pt; background:#eef; color:navy; "> Hac pagina scriptorium Vicifontis est.<br /> <small><small>Nunc iam sunt '''{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}''' paginae. Hodie '''{{CURRENTDAYNAME}}, {{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}'''.</small></small> </div> <br /> {{center| '''(DE)''' Neue Nachrichten dürfen auf Latein, Französisch, Englisch oder Italienisch gestellt werden.<br /> '''(EN)''' You can write a new message in Latin, French, English or Italian.<br /> '''(FR)''' Vous pouvez écrire en latin, en français, en italien ou en anglais.<br /> '''(IT)''' Potete scrivere in latino, italiano, francese o inglese.<br /> '''(ALIAE)''' ''Aliis linguis uti potes, sed noli iubere nos facile eas intellegere'' }} <br /> <div style="margin: 0 0em; border: 1px dashed blue; padding: 3px; text-align: center; background: #eef"> '''[http://la.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Vicifons:Scriptorium&action=edit&section=new Quaestio nova]''' <br /> ''Ut sententias antiquiores legas vide [[Vicifons:Scriptorium/Vetera]]'' </div> <br /> {| class="WSerieV" id="WBistro" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="padding: 0.3em; float:right; margin-left: 1em; border: 1px solid #999; border-right-width: 2px; border-bottom-width: 2px; background:#fff0ff; text-align:center" |[[Image:Forum-de-César.jpg|right|210px]] |- |style="padding: 0.5em; font-family: sans-serif"| '''Scriptorium Vicifontis'''<br/> ---- |- |style="padding: 0.3em; font-family: sans-serif; background-color: #e4e4c9; border: 1px solid #c0c0c0"|'''Alia scriptoria''' |- |style="padding: 0.3em; line-height: 1.5em"| '''[[w:la:Vicipaedia:Taberna|Vicipaedia:Taberna]]'''<br /> '''[[q:la:Vicicitatio:Taberna|Vicicitatio:Taberna]]'''<br /> '''[[wikt:la:Victionarium:Taberna|Victionarium:Taberna]]'''<br /> |} <!-- Interwiki liks moved to the top of the discussion since button "Quaestio nova" appends new entries to physical end of this page --> <!-- Interwiki links --> [[mul:Wikisource:Scriptorium]] <!-- Interwiki links --> __TOC__ == IMPORTANT: Admin activity review == Hello. A policy regarding the removal of "advanced rights" (administrator, bureaucrat, interface administrator, etc.) was adopted by [[:m:Requests for comment/Activity levels of advanced administrative rights holders|global community consensus]] in 2013. According to this policy, the [[:m:stewards|stewards]] are reviewing administrators' activity on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis with no inactivity policy. To the best of our knowledge, your wiki does not have a formal process for removing "advanced rights" from inactive accounts. This means that the stewards will take care of this according to the [[:m:Admin activity review|admin activity review]]. We have determined that the following users meet the inactivity criteria (no edits and no logged actions for more than 2 years): # [[User:Barbaking]] (bureaucrat, administrator) These users will receive a notification soon, asking them to start a community discussion if they want to retain some or all of their rights. If the users do not respond, then their advanced rights will be removed by the stewards. However, if you as a community would like to create your own activity review process superseding the global one, want to make another decision about these inactive rights holders, or already have a policy that we missed, then please notify the [[:m:Stewards' noticeboard|stewards on Meta-Wiki]] so that we know not to proceed with the rights review on your wiki. Thanks, [[Usor:EPIC|EPIC]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:EPIC|disputatio]]) 22:22, 22 Februarii 2025 (UTC) == Request for updating the text of the Clementine Bible == Two months ago, at [[Disputatio:Vulgata Clementina#The Clementine Vulgate Project dead?]] I noted that the links related to ''The Clementine Vulgate Project'', the main source used for the text of the [[Vulgata Clementina]], were dead. Fortunately, the list of changes made since the import of on Wikisource can be found [https://web.archive.org/web/20240122025223/https://vulsearch.sourceforge.net/clemtext.rss here]. There is also [https://bitbucket.org/clementinetextproject/text/downloads/ a repository] (although I am not sure if it is up to date). I have no experience in programming or making imports. So, could someone please update the text of [[Vulgata Clementina]] of Wikisource to use the latest version of ''The Clementine Vulgate Project''? [[Usor:Veverve|Veverve]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Veverve|disputatio]]) 10:01, 23 Februarii 2025 (UTC) :@[[Usor:Ser be etre shi|Ser be etre shi]] Are you able to help with this? Ping in case so. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 19:27, 3 Iulii 2025 (UTC) :@[[Usor:Veverve|Veverve]] Just checking these look like quite a small number of changes, is that right? It may be easiest to do these manually. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 08:38, 24 Octobris 2025 (UTC) ::{{ping|JimKillock}} well, my Latin is almost nonexistent, so I cannot do it myself sadly. [[Usor:Veverve|Veverve]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Veverve|disputatio]]) 18:21, 24 Octobris 2025 (UTC) == Universal Code of Conduct annual review: proposed changes are available for comment == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> My apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}}. I am writing to you to let you know that [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/Proposed_Changes|proposed changes]] to the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter]] are open for review. 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'''Please share this information with your community.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 23:15, 14 Martii 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=28307742 --> == Final proposed modifications to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter now posted == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The proposed modifications to the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines]] and the U4C Charter [[m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Proposed_Changes|are now on Meta-wiki for community notice]] in advance of the voting period. This final draft was developed from the previous two rounds of community review. Community members will be able to vote on these modifications starting on 17 April 2025. The vote will close on 1 May 2025, and results will be announced no later than 12 May 2025. The U4C election period, starting with a call for candidates, will open immediately following the announcement of the review results. More information will be posted on [[m:Special:MyLanguage//Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election|the wiki page for the election]] soon. Please be advised that this process will require more messages to be sent here over the next two months. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 02:05, 4 Aprilis 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == Wikidata and Sister Projects: An online community event == ''(Apologies for posting in English)'' Hello everyone, I am excited to share news of an upcoming online event called '''[[d:Event:Wikidata_and_Sister_Projects|Wikidata and Sister Projects]]''' celebrating the different ways Wikidata can be used to support or enhance with another Wikimedia project. The event takes place over 4 days between '''May 29 - June 1st, 2025'''. We would like to invite speakers to present at this community event, to hear success stories, challenges, showcase tools or projects you may be working on, where Wikidata has been involved in Wikipedia, Commons, WikiSource and all other WM projects. If you are interested in attending, please [[d:Special:RegisterForEvent/1291|register here]]. If you would like to speak at the event, please fill out this Session Proposal template on the [[d:Event_talk:Wikidata_and_Sister_Projects|event talk page]], where you can also ask any questions you may have. I hope to see you at the event, in the audience or as a speaker, - [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 09:19, 11 Aprilis 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Send_List&oldid=28525705 --> == Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines ("UCoC EG") and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:35, 17 Aprilis 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28469465 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Vote on proposed modifications to the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter closes on 1 May 2025 at 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this message with members of your community in your language, as appropriate, so they can participate as well. In cooperation with the U4C -- <section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 03:41, 29 Aprilis 2025 (UTC)</div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == Toggling special characters such as ſ (long s) == On EN wikisource, they have a template <nowiki>{{longs}}</nowiki> to produce ''ſ'' on the transcription page, and by default, ''s'' on the ebook page. users on EN WS can toggle these on and off. In this book, [[:la:Liber:Nicolaus Machiavellus De Principe.pdf|''De principe'']], there are a number of unusual characters that could do with toggling: ''ſ (s); ß (ss); ẽ (en / em) ũ (un / um) æ (ae) ę (ae) õ (on / om) ã (an / am) œ (oe)''. ([[:formula:ls]] already exists here for ſ, and some other characters semi-implemented at [[:Categoria:Formulae litterarum]] but the toggling is not switched on.) In order to implement this: (1) What would LA WiCategoria:Formulae litterarumkisource need to enable for user toggling of special characters? (2) Who would I contact (assuming this is an admin task)? [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 10:06, 29 Aprilis 2025 (UTC) :It looks like it would need this installing, as a start: [[:en:MediaWiki:Gadget-Visibility.js|MediaWiki:Gadget-Visibility.js]] [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 11:13, 29 Aprilis 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|OrbiliusMagister}} as the only active magister! --[[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 11:16, 29 Aprilis 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|SZC 03}} in case you have an opinion (you made changes at the De Pricipia transcription project which we could implement better with this toggle feature). [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 07:31, 30 Aprilis 2025 (UTC) ::I would like to point out that not all of the listed characters are of the same kind: ::* ſ is a variant of s; ::* ß, æ and œ are [[:w:en:Ligature (writing)|ligatures]] of ſs, ae and oe respectively ([[:w:en:E caudata|ę]] can represent both ae or oe); ::* ã, ẽ, õ, ũ are used to indicate [[:w:en:Scribal abbreviation|abbreviations]]. ::Personally I think it would be somewhat useful to implement the toggle feature only for æ and œ, since of all the ligatures they are the only ones that carry some meaning (that ae or oe in that word is a diphthong) and the only ones that easily show up in search results and correctly displayed in web-browsers. ::Note that both English and Italian wikisources in their transcription guidelines take in consideration the ability of both modern readers and search engines to correctly interpret the character shown (see [[:en:Wikisource:Style guide/Orthography]] and [[:it:Wikisource:Convenzioni di trascrizione]]). Though it would be useful to write rules specific to the Latin wikisource. ::I hope these considerations were of any help. [[Usor:SZC 03|SZC 03]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:SZC 03|disputatio]]) 07:58, 3 Maii 2025 (UTC) ::In regards to the [[Liber:Nicolaus Machiavellus De Principe.pdf|''De principe'']] it would be appropriate to encode the text in a way that we do not lose your work of accurately transcribing the above characters, while still showing to the end user a normalized form. My edit was trying to achieve this with the templates currently in wikisource. ::From a technical standpoint, it would be useful to have a general template not specific to any character that could be used both in ''ad hoc'' situations, and in creating other templates. ::Also if such a template is created for abbreviations it should behave differently from the long s and ligatures, since 1) the text displayed is context dependent, and 2) it is common use in diplomatic transcriptions to show the abbreviated characters in parentheses (so I were taught in paleography class). ::To give an example of point 2 from the text ([[Pagina:Nicolaus_Machiavellus_De_Principe.pdf/69|page 45]], line 11): ::Original text: Iãq́ꝫ ::Diplomatic transcription: Ia(m)q(ue) ::Standard transcription: Iamque ::I’m sorry for the lengthy comments. [[Usor:SZC 03|SZC 03]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:SZC 03|disputatio]]) 11:02, 3 Maii 2025 (UTC) :::I agree something adhoc would be helpful. The template would need to specify :::* the text as-is and :::* the modernised version :::and hopefully there would be a system to pick up which to display. :::In terms of the display: this could be the js system, perhaps adapted, that we have on en.ws, or possibly it could be an adjustment to the page templates set up, to allow two different books, or sets of pages, to be presented. This would have the advantage that exports would facilitate both (IDK but suspect that exports support the default rather than user choice). [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 15:48, 3 Maii 2025 (UTC) :::I have set out this information in a [[Usor:JimKillock/Orthography|table]] including information about dictionary lookups and likely search engine issues. In short, from a user perspective, all the characters can be problematic, but æ and œ work within Alpheios for dictionary lookups, so are a bit more tolerable than the others from a default perspective. However I think it is useful tobe able to see and use the originals for some people, eg those practicing reading Renaissance scans etc; or researchers or academics looking to use source texts. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 16:09, 3 Maii 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|Alex brollo}}, {{ping|VIGNERON}}, {{ping|Candalua}} in case you can help. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 07:38, 30 Aprilis 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] Interesting question. I'll take a look to the ensource template to understand how it works (I hope it is not based on javascript). [[Usor:Alex brollo|Alex brollo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Alex brollo|disputatio]]) 06:18, 1 Maii 2025 (UTC) :::I’m afraid it is based on javascript: [[:en:MediaWiki:Gadget-Visibility.js]] :::To see the button you have to enable the [[:en:Help:Gadget-Visibility|Visibility gadget]]. [[Usor:SZC 03|SZC 03]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:SZC 03|disputatio]]) 11:12, 3 Maii 2025 (UTC) :::@[[Usor:Alex brollo|Alex brollo]] checking in whether we can implement this, or find another solution. I am holding off further changes until I know how to proceed - but I am sure there should be a way to do this! [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 20:40, 19 Maii 2025 (UTC) :::Noting this question comes up again at [[:Liber:Foenix. Domini Petri Ravennatis memoriae magistri - (Petrus) (IA hin-wel-all-00002799-001).pdf]] (I have [[Disputatio Libri:Foenix. Domini Petri Ravennatis memoriae magistri - (Petrus) (IA hin-wel-all-00002799-001).pdf|left a note there]]). [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 09:08, 15 Iunii 2025 (UTC) ::::OK, I have developed templates as this is holding up other people's work. I have based each template on the existing [[:formula:ls]], and avoid duplicating those that already exist using the same method at [[:Categoria:Formulae litterarum]]. Meantime if anyone has further thoughts about using Visibility Gadget or going another way, I would be very grateful. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 18:02, 17 Iunii 2025 (UTC) :::::@[[Usor:SZC 03|SZC 03]] I have made a very basic template for flexible character switching at [[Formula:Scr]]; this returns the first entry on the book page, and the second in main space, eg <nowiki>{{scr|qꝫ|que}}</nowiki> would work the same as <nowiki>{{que}}</nowiki>. :::::However there is advice on ENWS not to use characters but use HTML entities for CSS reasons, so it is probably better for users to use specific templates. For example, I also created <nowiki>{{po}}</nowiki> which allows a user to decide what it might best represent, eg <nowiki>{{po|;}} or {{po|?}}</nowiki>. :::::In general, using set templates like <nowiki>{{que}}, {{em}}, {{um}}, {{etc}}</nowiki> is much easier for proofing, so I think I will continue to add these where it seems useful. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 08:29, 24 Iunii 2025 (UTC) ::::::Hi folks, so that you know, I have made something of a workaround to be able to enable these features, which works well enough for me. I will perhaps add some guidance somewhere. What I have done: ::::::# Installed the font Garamontio, as it has the qꝫ character, and all the possible ligatures ::::::# Created custom css to apply Garamontio to Wikisource as a whole; at [[Usor:JimKillock/common.css]]; and ::::::# Created (vibecoded) custom javascript at [[Usor:JimKillock/common.js]] ::::::The second script looks for the various spans with the css style typographic-long-s, and replaces the characters as appropriate. This seems to work surprisingly well, Garamontio does all of the discretionary ligatures etc, and is a very well designed font (fork of EB Garamond, with some extra touches useful here). The issue is of course that this applies to the whole of Latin Wikisource all of the time. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 18:35, 25 Iunii 2025 (UTC) :::::::@[[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]], reading this I wanted to tell you that you could apply styles to a index page, but I see you have already figured it out. Kudos on your progress. [[Usor:SZC 03|SZC 03]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:SZC 03|disputatio]]) 09:56, 9 Iulii 2025 (UTC) ::::::::Thanks @[[Usor:SZC 03|SZC 03]]; my list of scribal transformations has got quite long tho. And I need to check on the possible logic of it, some needs to hide and unhide, rather than search and replace. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 08:27, 11 Iulii 2025 (UTC) == We will be enabling the new Charts extension on your wiki soon! == ''(Apologies for posting in English)'' Hi all! We have good news to share regarding the ongoing problem with graphs and charts affecting all wikis that use them. As you probably know, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|old Graph extension]] was disabled in 2023 [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EWL4AGBEZEDMNNFTM4FRD4MHOU3CVESO/|due to security reasons]]. We’ve worked in these two years to find a solution that could replace the old extension, and provide a safer and better solution to users who wanted to showcase graphs and charts in their articles. We therefore developed the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Charts extension]], which will be replacing the old Graph extension and potentially also the [[:mw:Extension:EasyTimeline|EasyTimeline extension]]. After successfully deploying the extension on Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedia, as well as on MediaWiki.org, as part of a pilot phase, we are now happy to announce that we are moving forward with the next phase of deployment, which will also include your wiki. The deployment will happen in batches, and will start from '''May 6'''. Please, consult [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|our page on MediaWiki.org]] to discover when the new Charts extension will be deployed on your wiki. You can also [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|consult the documentation]] about the extension on MediaWiki.org. If you have questions, need clarifications, or just want to express your opinion about it, please refer to the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension_talk:Chart/Project|project’s talk page on Mediawiki.org]], or ping me directly under this thread. If you encounter issues using Charts once it gets enabled on your wiki, please report it on the [[:mw:Extension_talk:Chart/Project|talk page]] or at [[phab:tag/charts|Phabricator]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 15:07, 6 Maii 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28663781 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]]. You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC. If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, </div><section end="announcement-content" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|disputatio]])</bdi> 22:08, 15 Maii 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> ''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)'' Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation. You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|<span class="signature-talk">{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}</span>]]) 15:27, 22 Maii 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Sannita_(WMF)/Mass_sending_test&oldid=28768453 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 Selection & Call for Questions</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]'' Dear all, This year, the term of 2 (two) Community- and Affiliate-selected Trustees on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees will come to an end [1]. The Board invites the whole movement to participate in this year’s selection process and vote to fill those seats. The Elections Committee will oversee this process with support from Foundation staff [2]. The Governance Committee, composed of trustees who are not candidates in the 2025 community-and-affiliate-selected trustee selection process (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina and Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], is tasked with providing Board oversight for the 2025 trustee selection process and for keeping the Board informed. More details on the roles of the Elections Committee, Board, and staff are here [4]. Here are the key planned dates: * May 22 – June 5: Announcement (this communication) and call for questions period [6] * June 17 – July 1, 2025: Call for candidates * July 2025: If needed, affiliates vote to shortlist candidates if more than 10 apply [5] * August 2025: Campaign period * August – September 2025: Two-week community voting period * October – November 2025: Background check of selected candidates * Board’s Meeting in December 2025: New trustees seated Learn more about the 2025 selection process - including the detailed timeline, the candidacy process, the campaign rules, and the voter eligibility criteria - on this Meta-wiki page [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[link]]]. '''Call for Questions''' In each selection process, the community has the opportunity to submit questions for the Board of Trustees candidates to answer. The Election Committee selects questions from the list developed by the community for the candidates to answer. Candidates must answer all the required questions in the application in order to be eligible; otherwise their application will be disqualified. This year, the Election Committee will select 5 questions for the candidates to answer. The selected questions may be a combination of what’s been submitted from the community, if they’re alike or related. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[link]]] '''Election Volunteers''' Another way to be involved with the 2025 selection process is to be an Election Volunteer. Election Volunteers are a bridge between the Elections Committee and their respective community. They help ensure their community is represented and mobilize them to vote. Learn more about the program and how to join on this Meta-wiki page [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[link].]] Thank you! [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter [3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024 [4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles [5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ [6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates Best regards, Victoria Doronina Board Liaison to the Elections Committee Governance Committee<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 03:08, 28 Maii 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28618011 --> == Administrator backlog? == Hi there, I am noticing a lot of pages that say that the current version is not checked; and versions I have amended are not (apparently) displayed because they need approval. Am I right in assuming this is due to a lack of (active) administrator time? [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 10:53, 30 Maii 2025 (UTC) :Relatedly @[[Usor:Alex brollo|Alex brollo]] / @[[Usor:OrbiliusMagister|OrbiliusMagister]] / other admins, [[Colloquia familiaria]] has an old index page and other old sub pages which could do with changes being approved. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 11:58, 12 Iunii 2025 (UTC) ::Ping on this, some of the sub pages are quite broken. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 09:42, 28 Iunii 2025 (UTC) :I have tried to fix the lack of text in ePub export for [[Noctes Atticae]]. :Unfortunately, it seems that all my submissions require approval (last approval seems to have taken place more than five years ago). :Is there any way to have <code>class="ws-export"</code> to the second <code>&lt;table&gt;</code> from [[Noctes Atticae]]? :Many thanks for your help, [[Usor:Ousia|Ousia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Ousia|disputatio]]) 19:09, 15 Augusti 2025 (UTC) == Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election == <div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{Int:Please-translate}} Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC]. Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:01, 13 Iunii 2025 (UTC) </div> <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28848819 --> == Mnemonics Book in Latin == Dear all, Over the past month, with the help of others, I’ve been compiling a list of older and often overlooked books on mnemonic techniques available on [[:en:Portal:Mnemonics|Wikisource English]]. Many of these works—some dating back decades or even centuries—offer fascinating insights into how memory has been understood, trained, and improved across different cultures and time periods. I've recently added a new section to the portal: "Multilingual Works on Mnemonic Techniques." This is in part because several of the English-language texts reference related works in other languages, particularly Latin. Unfortunately, many of these referenced works are written in Classical Latin, and my ability to work with them is quite limited—I’ve done what I can, but they remain largely inaccessible to me. If anyone has expertise in Classical Latin and might be willing to help with these texts, your assistance would be greatly appreciated. * ''[[:la:Foenix|Foenix]] by [[w:en:Peter of Ravenna|Peter of Ravenna]]'' (1491) * ''[[:la:Congestorium Artificiose Memorie|Congestorium Artificiose Memorie]]'' by Johann Horst von Romberch (1533) [[File:Johann Romberch, Congestorium artificiose... Wellcome L0032259.jpg|150px]][[File:Johann Romberch, Congestorium artificiose... Wellcome L0032269.jpg|150px]] Here is a discussion form on it https://forum.artofmemory.com/t/johannes-romberchs-congestorium-artificiose-memorie/30174 Warm regards [[Specialis:Conlationes/82.167.147.5|82.167.147.5]] 23:15, 13 Iunii 2025 (UTC) :Hi there, I could help proofing texts you have prepared perhaps? [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 09:57, 14 Iunii 2025 (UTC) :: Thanks for offering—I’d really appreciate your help with proofreading. :: We have two books. Which one would you like to start with? ::*[[Liber:Foenix. Domini Petri Ravennatis memoriae magistri - (Petrus) (IA hin-wel-all-00002799-001).pdf]] ::*[[Liber:Congestorium artificiose memorie ... - V.P.F. Joa(n)nis Romberch de Kyrspe. Regularis obseruantie predicatorie- (IA hin-wel-all-00002875-001).pdf]] ::[[Specialis:Conlationes/82.167.147.5|82.167.147.5]] 21:49, 14 Iunii 2025 (UTC) :::I can do the pages you have put into the first, as a start for you. BTW the transcribed text does not always look like it originated from the source. It is very correct, but some has different orthography and missed certain parts. That is fine of course if we are correcting to the original. (PS: you might want to create a user account so that you can be notified of replies, hide your IP address, etc). [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 08:57, 15 Iunii 2025 (UTC) :::I had a go at the first page or two; some of the orthography was removed while other parts were kept. I kept all of it as a first go. See the discussion above about how we treat orthography, hopefully we can address this with templates. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 09:11, 15 Iunii 2025 (UTC) ::::I'm using Google OCR and some AI tools to pull out text and sometimes translate it into English so I can understand it. If anyone could help me proofread or check it, I’d be super grateful! [[Specialis:Conlationes/82.167.147.5|82.167.147.5]] 00:50, 17 Iunii 2025 (UTC) :::::I have added all the templates we need for the special characters / orthography, I will start doing the pages with those. The end result will be that on the main space ebook pages, the chars will toggle on and off, at least once that is properly implemented. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 19:25, 17 Iunii 2025 (UTC) ::::::Noted, sounds good. I’ll try adding to the other pages next time. [[Specialis:Conlationes/82.167.147.5|82.167.147.5]] 22:10, 17 Iunii 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> :''<div class="plainlinks">[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}]</div> Hello all, The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position. This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3] Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election. Best regards, Abhishek Suryawanshi<br /> Chair of the Elections Committee On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee [1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates [2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term. [3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 17:44, 17 Iunii 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=28866958 --> == [[De Principe]] == Si vis, quaeso, me adiuva ut liber novus ''[[De Principe]]'' correctus sit et erroribus liber. Nuper completus, ab aliquo alio corrigendus est. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 18:14, 27 Iunii 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Dear Wikimedia Community, The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]] of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]]. A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity. Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact. Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement. Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate. Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended. === Wikispore === The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects. After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future. As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting. Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed. === Wikinews === We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways. Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf <nowiki>[1]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years. While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>]. [[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews. Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs. SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives. '''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to: *Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects, *Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace, *Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects, *Archive Wikinews projects. Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels. === Feedback and next steps === We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language. I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. <section end="message"/> </div> -- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, 20:57, 27 Iunii 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Johan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johan_(WMF)/Sister_project_MassMassage_on_behalf_of_Victoria/Target_list&oldid=28911188 --> == Latin incunabula and other early books == Expanding a bit on what I mentioned above, re character toggling, and also working on the books [[Foenix]] and [[Congestorium Artificiosae Memoriae]] * the Transkribus Latin Incunabula scan does a great job on the heavy gothic style print * I will see how it does with more Garamond-style texts, in case it works with these * I have developed a fairly full set of templates for scribal characters, see [[:Categoria:Formulae litterarum]] * I am thinking about using a bot to wholesale search and replace long s, and other scribal characters mapped there Between these things, the work to transcribe and correct early printed Latin books should be very much reduced. If anyone feels like helping test this out, do give me shout. Meantime I will run tests on Congestorium Artificiosae Memoriae to check how well the bot system works. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 07:50, 1 Iulii 2025 (UTC) :The folks at Wikisource helped create a JS solution for this, see [[Usor:JimKillock/incunabula.js]]. The script does a search and replace for what is needed, on the '''first save of a new book page'''; these are the settings for the Incunabula style section of [[Liber:Foenix. Domini Petri Ravennatis memoriae magistri - (Petrus) (IA hin-wel-all-00002799-001).pdf|this scan, p 52 onwards]] for [[Congestorium Artificiose Memorie]]. It seems to work very well and is extremely labour saving! [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 22:59, 1 Iulii 2025 (UTC) == Navigation and validation == Hi there, I would like to do some work on navigation, to provide some "portal" pages similar to EN Wikisource. For example, this would help with learner texts a lot 9I often get asked how to find these texts, I point to the category pages, but these are very basic. I would also like to know what we should do about page validation. Some really necessary changes are currently languishing in the backlog. This is an admin only task: should we asking for more administrators, or is this something existing admins here can take on? [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 14:08, 13 Iulii 2025 (UTC) :Hi {{U|JimKillock}} good idea, don't hesitate to start and/or ask for help. That said, I'm not sure to see why this is an admin task (even if, yes, the underlying point is true, we need more admins). Cheers, [[Usor:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:VIGNERON|disputatio]]) 09:31, 2 Septembris 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Usor:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]] I think the Portal namespace and some modules need setting up which require admin permissions, I will dig a bit further and come back to you. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 20:01, 2 Septembris 2025 (UTC) == Wikidata Item and Property labels soon displayed in Wiki Watchlist/Recent Changes == ''(Apologies for posting in English, you can help by translating into your language)'' Hello everyone, the [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team is excited to announce an upcoming change in how Wikidata edit changelogs are displayed in your [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlists]] and [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] lists. If an edit is made on Wikidata that affects a page in another Wikimedia Project, the changelog will contain some information about the nature of the edit. This can include a QID (or Q-number), a PID (or P-number) and a value (which can be text, numbers, dates, or also QID or PID’s). Confused by these terms? See the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Glossary|Wikidata:Glossary]] for further explanations. The upcoming change is scheduled for '''17.07.2025''', between '''1300 - 1500 UTC'''. The change will display the label (item name) alongside any QID or PIDs, as seen in the image below: [[File:Apr10 edit summary on Wikidata.png|An edit sum entry on Wikidata, labels display alongside their P- and Q-no.'s]] These changes will only be visible if you have Wikidata edits enabled in your User Preferences for Watchlists and Recent Changes, or have the active filter ‘Wikidata edits’ checkbox toggled on, directly on the Watchlist and Recent Changes pages. Your bot and gadget may be affected! There are thousands of bots, gadgets and user-scripts and whilst we have researched potential effects to many of them, we cannot guarantee there won’t be some that are broken or affected by this change. Further information and context about this change, including how your bot may be affected can be found on this [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|project task page]]. We welcome your questions and feedback, please write to us on this dedicated [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Resolve_Labels|Talk page]]. Thank you, - [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] on behalf of the Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects Team. [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 12:46, 14 Iulii 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&oldid=28981877 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr"> Upcoming Deployment of the CampaignEvents Extension</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="message"/> Hello everyone, ''(Apologies for posting in English if English is not your first language. Please help translate to your language.)'' The Campaigns Product Team is planning a global deployment of the '''[[:mw:Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]]''' to all Wikisource, including this Wikisource, during the '''week of August 25th'''. This extension is designed to help organizers plan and manage events, WikiProjects, and other on-wiki collaborations - and to make these efforts more discoverable. The three main features of this extension are: * '''[[:m:Event_Center/Registration|Event Registration]]''': A simple way to sign up for events on the wiki. * '''[[:m:CampaignEvents/Collaboration_list|Collaboration List]]''': A global list of events and a local list of WikiProjects, accessible at '''[[:m:Special:AllEvents|Special:AllEvents]]'''. * '''[[:m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Invitation_list|Invitation Lists]]''': A tool to help organizers find editors who might want to join, based on their past contributions. '''Note''': The extension comes with a new user right called '''"Event Organizer"''', which will be managed by administrators on this Wikisource. Organizer tools like Event Registration and Invitation Lists will only work if someone is granted this right. The Collaboration List is available to everyone immediately after deployment. The extension is already live on several wikis, including '''all Wikipedia, Meta, Wikidata''', and more ( [[m:CampaignEvents/Deployment_status#Current_Deployment_Status_for_CampaignEvents_extension| See the full deployment list]]) If you have any questions, concerns, or feedback, please feel free to share them on the [[m:Talk:CampaignEvents| extension talkpage]]. We’d love to hear from you before the rollout. Thank you! <section end="message"/> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:Udehb-WMF|Udehb-WMF]] ([[User talk:Udehb-WMF|disputatio]]) 15:40, 31 Iulii 2025 (UTC)</bdi> <!-- Message sent by User:Udehb-WMF@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Udehb-WMF/sandbox/MM_target_Wikisource&oldid=29066664 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Temporary accounts will be rolled out soon</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="body"/> Hello, we are the Wikimedia Foundation [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]] team. We would like to announce that '''we plan to enable [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] for this wiki in the week of September 1'''. Temporary accounts are successfully live on 30 wikis, including many large ones like German, Japanese, and French. The change they bring is especially relevant to logged-out editors, who this feature is designed to protect. But it is also relevant to community members like mentors, patrollers, and admins – anyone who reverts edits, blocks users, or otherwise interacts with logged-out editors as part of keeping the wikis safe and accurate. '''Why we are building temporary accounts''' Our wikis should be safer to edit by default for logged-out editors. Temporary accounts allow people to continue editing the wikis without creating an account, while avoiding publicly tying their edits to their IP address. We believe this is in the best interest of our logged-out editors, who make valuable contributions to the wikis and who may later create accounts and grow our community of editors, admins, and other roles. Even though the wikis do warn logged-out editors that their IP address will be associated with their edit, many people may not understand what an IP address is, or that it could be used to connect them to other information about them in ways they might not expect. Additionally, our moderation software and tools rely too heavily on network origin (IP addresses) to identify users and patterns of activity, especially as IP addresses themselves are becoming less stable as identifiers. Temporary accounts allow for more precise interactions with logged-out editors, including more precise blocks, and can help limit how often we unintentionally end up blocking good-faith users who use the same IP addresses as bad-faith users. '''How temporary accounts work''' [[File:Temporary account banner and empty talk page.png|thumb]] Any time a logged-out user publishes an edit on this wiki, a cookie will be set in this user's browser, and a temporary account tied with this cookie will be automatically created. This account's name will follow the pattern: <code dir=ltr>~2025-12345-67</code> (a tilde, current year, a number). On pages like Recent Changes or page history, this name will be displayed. The cookie will expire 90 days after its creation. As long as it exists, all edits made from this device will be attributed to this temporary account. It will be the same account even if the IP address changes, unless the user clears their cookies or uses a different device or web browser. A record of the IP address used at the time of each edit will be stored for 90 days after the edit. However, only some logged-in users will be able to see it. '''What does this mean for different groups of users?''' '''For logged-out editors''' * This increases privacy: currently, if you do not use a registered account to edit, then everybody can see the IP address for the edits you made, even after 90 days. That will no longer be possible on this wiki. * If you use a temporary account to edit from different locations in the last 90 days (for example at home and at a coffee shop), the edit history and the IP addresses for all those locations will now be recorded together, for the same temporary account. Users who [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the relevant requirements]] will be able to view this data. If this creates any personal security concerns for you, please contact talktohumanrights at wikimedia.org for advice. '''For community members interacting with logged-out editors''' * A temporary account is uniquely linked to a device. In comparison, an IP address can be shared with different devices and people (for example, different people at school or at work might have the same IP address). * Compared to the current situation, it will be safer to assume that a temporary user's talk page belongs to only one person, and messages left there will be read by them. As you can see in the screenshot, temporary account users will receive notifications. It will also be possible to thank them for their edits, ping them in discussions, and invite them to get more involved in the community. '''For users who use IP address data to moderate and maintain the wiki''' * '''For patrollers''' who track persistent abusers, investigate violations of policies, etc.: Users who [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the requirements]] will be able to reveal temporary users' IP addresses and all contributions made by temporary accounts from a specific IP address or range ([[Special:IPContributions]]). They will also have access to useful information about the IP addresses thanks to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/IP Info|IP Info]] feature. Many other pieces of software have been built or adjusted to work with temporary accounts, including AbuseFilter, global blocks, Global User Contributions, and more. (For information for volunteer developers on how to update the code of your tools – see the last part of the message.) * '''For admins blocking logged-out editors''': ** It will be possible to block many abusers by just blocking their temporary accounts. A blocked person won't be able to create new temporary accounts quickly if the admin selects the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Autoblock|autoblock]] option. ** It will still be possible to block an IP address or IP range. * Temporary accounts will not be retroactively applied to contributions made before the deployment. On Special:Contributions, you will be able to see existing IP user contributions, but not new contributions made by temporary accounts on that IP address. Instead, you should use Special:IPContributions for this. '''Our requests for you, and next steps''' * If you know of any tools, bots, gadgets etc. using data about IP addresses or being available for logged-out users, you may want to test if they work on [[testwiki:Main_Page|testwiki]] or [[test2wiki:Main_Page|test2wiki]]. If you are a volunteer developer, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|read our documentation for developers]], and in particular, the section on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers#How should I update my code?|how your code might need to be updated]]. * If you want to test the temporary account experience, for example just to check what it feels like, go to testwiki or test2wiki and edit without logging in. * Tell us if you know of any difficulties that need to be addressed. We will try to help, and if we are not able, we will consider the available options. * Look at our [[m:Meta:Babel#Temporary_Accounts:_access_to_IP_addresses_and_next_steps|previous message]] about requirements for users without extended rights who may need access to IP addresses. To learn more about the project, check out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/FAQ|our FAQ]] – you will find many useful answers there. You may also [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|look at the updates]] (we have just posted one) and [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|subscribe to our new newsletter]]. If you'd like to talk to me (Szymon) off-wiki, you will find me on Discord and Telegram. Thank you!<section end="body" /> </div> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[m:user:NKohli (WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]], [[m:user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]]</bdi> 21:36, 26 Augusti 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Quiddity_(WMF)/sandbox6&oldid=29181713 --> == All pages in Athanasius Kircher - Turris Babel - 1679 are in Categoria:Formulae == I was looking for templates/formulae by looking at <nowiki>[[Categoria:Formulae]]</nowiki> All pages in [[Liber:Athanasius Kircher - Turris Babel - 1679.djvu]] are in <nowiki>[[Categoria:Formulae]]</nowiki> Many (all?) pages in [[Liber:Gallia Christiana, 1715, T1.djvu]] are in <nowiki>[[Categoria:Formulae]]</nowiki>, like article [[Gallia Christiana 1715 01/Epistola2]] These all use [[Formula:Sidenotes begin]]. There is one "[https://la.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Formula:Sidenotes_begin&oldid=79709&diff=cur pending change]" on this template. But that change puts the category outside the noinclude. ::<nowiki></noinclude></nowiki> ::<nowiki>[[Categoria:Formulae]]</nowiki> Please either reject the change or move the categoria line. [[Usor:Shenme|Shenme]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Shenme|disputatio]]) 04:17, 31 Augusti 2025 (UTC) :Hi @[[Usor:Shenme|Shenme]], I don't think anyone from the admins is monitoring or actioning pending changes currently. (see discussions re admin queues above.) [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 05:29, 31 Augusti 2025 (UTC) ::{{ping|Shenme}} {{done}} I excluded the categories. {{ping|JimKillock}} no blame but be careful next time, categories should always be excluded. Cheers, [[Usor:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:VIGNERON|disputatio]]) 09:28, 2 Septembris 2025 (UTC) :::{{ping|VIGNERON}} It wasn't @JimKillock who made [https://la.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Formula:Sidenotes_begin&diff=next&oldid=79709 the problematic change], but someone else [[Usor:Ceciliawolf]]. I noticed the problem, he included the problem a list that got your attention. [[Usor:Shenme|Shenme]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Shenme|disputatio]]) 02:46, 3 Septembris 2025 (UTC) ::::{{ping|Shenme}} yes, but [[Special:Diff/236794]]. Cheers, [[Usor:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:VIGNERON|disputatio]]) 06:57, 3 Septembris 2025 (UTC) == Request for admin status == Hi all, given that we have quite a lot of admin requests (mostly relating to "pending" changes), I would like to request administrator status so that some of these can be cleared. If anyone else wants to step up to help out, that would also be welcome. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 17:23, 1 Septembris 2025 (UTC) :Ping to @[[Usor:Shenme|Shenme]], @[[Usor:Ousia|Ousia]] @[[Usor:Alex brollo|Alex brollo]]:, @[[Usor:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]]:, @[[Usor:Candalua|Candalua]]: in case you feel able to support my request. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 06:57, 2 Septembris 2025 (UTC) ::Hi {{U|JimKillock}}, ::I apparently missed it, where do we have « a lot of admin requests » ? ::That said, one more admin is always good, so create the request and I'll support it. ::Cheers, [[Usor:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:VIGNERON|disputatio]]) 07:34, 2 Septembris 2025 (UTC) :::Hi @[[Usor:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]], :::Thank you! On the admin requests, on this page, here are these :::* [[#All pages in Athanasius Kircher - Turris Babel - 1679 are in Categoria:Formulae]] :::* [[#It would be nice to have automatic headers for the Liber: namespace]] (which you have replied to) :::* [[#Navigation and validation]] :::* [[#Administrator backlog?]] :::* [[#Toggling special characters such as ſ (long s)]] (altho this has been worked around and may not be needed) :::Most of these relate to the ''Pending changes'' backlog in various ways; two are requests for new features / modules to be ported across. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 09:01, 2 Septembris 2025 (UTC) ::::{{ping|JimKillock}} thanks, I see. It doesn't look like a lot to me, I'll try to deal with it today. Cheers, [[Usor:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:VIGNERON|disputatio]]) 09:27, 2 Septembris 2025 (UTC) :::::Thank you @[[Usor:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]] :) You could also take a look at the pending changes on [[Formula:Pagina_prima/Novae_Aetatis]] and [[Moriae encomium]]. The really big job is going through [[Specialis:PendingChanges|pending changes]] altogether - I understand there is a five year backlog. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 09:36, 2 Septembris 2025 (UTC) ::::::I see... I had a quick look and all changes seem good. Do we even need this extension on Wikisource? Also, if we keep it, I guess we need more reviewers rather than admins (more admins would be useful too, but that's a separate point). Cheers, [[Usor:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:VIGNERON|disputatio]]) 10:35, 2 Septembris 2025 (UTC) ::Of course, the request needs to be supported; without active administrators it is very inconvenient. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 12:21, 3 Septembris 2025 (UTC) ::What do you need us to do? BTW, it would be great to know why edits require administrator approvals. Sorry, but I‘m afraid this makes contributing almost pointless. Many thanks for your help, --[[Usor:Ousia|Ousia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Ousia|disputatio]]) 14:15, 3 Septembris 2025 (UTC) :::So there are two reasons it would be helpful for me to be an admin; one is if we carry on with the approval system (it looks like we will not) and the other is around updating or adding certain components, modules for example. There may be other tasks I am not aware of that I could help with, but these are the ones I know about. Implementing Portal pages for example needs some work by an admin AIUI. :::@[[Usor:Ousia|Ousia]] your question re edits needing approval is [[#Do_we_need_to_approve_changes_to_pages|addressed below, here]]. :::In terms of what you / others need to do, it seems that if there is a consensus to allow me administrator permissions, then a bueaucrat user would implement it (I mistakenly opening a request at meta, and they referred me back here); so we just need to have your views, yes, no, maybe, etc. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 17:01, 3 Septembris 2025 (UTC) ::::The page [[Vicifons:Magistratus]], intended for promotion, seems to be protected; I couldn't edit it (''petitio grapheocrat'''ae''''') and add a category ([[:Categoria:Usores]]). [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 20:23, 3 Septembris 2025 (UTC) :::::Thanks, it seems editable now so I [[Vicifons:Magistratus#Petitio_magistratus|added my request there]], if anyone wants to support it. Regarding ''grapheocrates -ae'', how is this declined? Is it otherwise treated as a masculine first declension? Thinking it ought to be added to Wiktionary as it is missing from there. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 17:00, 4 Septembris 2025 (UTC) ::::::This is [https://archive.org/details/calepinusnovus2002/calepinusnovus2002-french-latin/page/n23/mode/1up?q=grapheocrates from Licoppe and Eichenseer]. Yes, this can be added to Wiktionary, I have no experience editing there. Thanks for the corrections, today the system let me in, but yesterday for some unknown reason it didn’t let me in. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 20:53, 4 Septembris 2025 (UTC) :::::::Thank you and no problem. I can add to Wiktionary I hope; is the plural therefore ''grapheocratae''; and is the singular ''grapheocrates'' or ''grapheocrata''? [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 07:14, 5 Septembris 2025 (UTC) ::::::::Yes, of course. They took the Modern Greek word γραφειοκράτης. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 21:41, 5 Septembris 2025 (UTC) :::::::::Great, after a bit of struggle that is at [[:en:wiktionary:grapheocrates]] and [[:la:wiktionary:grapheocrates]] [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 12:43, 7 Septembris 2025 (UTC) == It would be nice to have automatic headers for the Liber: namespace == It would require someone with interface admin status to create [[MediaWiki:Proofreadpage index data config.json]] to replace the current index form parameters ([[MediaWiki:Proofreadpage index attributes|very old system]]) with special care to not mass delete information by unadvertedly changing some parameter's name. [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/MediaWiki:Proofreadpage_index_data_config.json Example from the English Wikisource]. If someone wants to help, please contact me. Regards! [[Usor:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Ignacio Rodríguez|disputatio]]) 02:10, 2 Septembris 2025 (UTC) :Hi @[[Usor:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]], potentially - if I have admin status :) [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 06:54, 2 Septembris 2025 (UTC) ::{{ping|Ignacio Rodríguez}} I did a test (by copy-pasting the English page), it works, so no need to be interface admin, being admin is enough. ::I only half understand that paramater page, could you give me the actual content expected ? ::Cheers, [[Usor:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:VIGNERON|disputatio]]) 07:38, 2 Septembris 2025 (UTC) :::I don't remember all the details but I worked on that page in the Spanish Wikisource almost a decade ago. I'll make a mockup in the talk page, but I can't promise to get all the Latin words right. For ease, parameter names and help tooltips will be in English internally, but they will show in Latin in the form. [[Usor:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Ignacio Rodríguez|disputatio]]) 16:56, 2 Septembris 2025 (UTC) ::::This was added and it now works perfectly. Thanks! [[Usor:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Ignacio Rodríguez|disputatio]]) 16:25, 5 Septembris 2025 (UTC) == Do we need to approve changes to pages == Hi all, Moving the discussion regarding the backlog at [[Specialis:PendingChanges]]: @[[Usor:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]] asks whether we need to have this feature. I suspect it was switched on because of spam, vandalism, or some other similar issue. Without it we might need to be keeping an eye on recent changes. I am not sure how the proteccted changes permissions works, or whether permissions to make approvals to changes can be delegated more widely. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 19:56, 2 Septembris 2025 (UTC) :Changes to pages affecting project *function* must be controlled. But it seems that Pending Changes doesn't actually stop changes to something like a template/formula from having effect? See my report about <nowiki>Formula:Sidenotes begin</nowiki> above. :And checking a couple of the other initial items in [[Specialis:PendingChanges]], it seems that all pending changes are actually immediately applied to active, visible pages. :So Pending Changes <u>does not prevent damage</u> to the project. It is <u>merely a tracking and notification method?</u> :That can be useful, but requires a set of people to be change reviewers. And changes to subject matter would seem to require reviewers knowledgeable about the subject? :And when changes affect *function*, like templates, who can review and approve those? I'd think only admins. :The link to monitoring Recent Changes is undeniable. I monitor Recent Changes often at Spanish Wikisource because I've seen the random damage people can do. That is the only way to react quickly to damage. (?) But then that assumes people are checking lists frequently, at least daily. :Neither Pending Changes or monitoring Recent Changes prevent damage. They can be only part of a solution to damage. I don't know what to think about Pending Changes ''in isolation''. [[Usor:Shenme|Shenme]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Shenme|disputatio]]) 03:48, 3 Septembris 2025 (UTC) ::{{ping|JimKillock|Shenme}} I've got mainly two points : ::* vandlism is low to inexistant on la.ws (and it's already low on most Wikisources), making this extension useless and even problematic. Because it doesn't prevent changes but it prevents them to be effective. ::** Apparently the reason to install is [[Vicifons:Scriptorium/Vetera_VII#protection_of_completed_works_-_Flagged_Revisions_as_an_alternative?]] ::* this extension is actually caleld [[mw:Extension:FlaggedRevs]] and it's deprecated for years (see [[Vicifons:Scriptorium/Vetera_XI#Futrue_of_FlaggedRevs_(Pending_Changes)_extension]] or the warning on the extension itself « Flagged Revisions is complex, poorly documented, very clunky, and not recommended for production use »). Also, people on Wikisource don't seem to really master or even using it (including the reviewers rights). Maybe it's aan opportunity to list exactly what we need and find a new extension that fit these needs. ::In the end, I see a lot of cons and only a few pros... ::Cheers, [[Usor:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:VIGNERON|disputatio]]) 07:35, 3 Septembris 2025 (UTC) :I haven't seen any vandalism here in years. But if you fix the errors, the "Pending Changes" status means that the fixes will only be visible to registered users. [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 12:10, 3 Septembris 2025 (UTC) :{{ping|JimKillock|Shenme}} many thanks for your replies. I must admit that I’m an occasional Wikisource (or even Wikipedia contributor). I essentially (or exclusively) contribute corrections. :Some days ago, I wanted to download an ePub file for the [[Noctes Atticae]] (to do some regexp searches), but the export was wrong. I tried to modify the code (which I have done successfully for the Greek Wikisource many times) and I found out that I needed a ''nihil obstat'' (I’m afraid this would be way to name it). :Of course, I’m the least interested in vandalism (either contributing it myself, or being any collaborative project being infested/polluted by it). But I think there should be a way of distinguishing between vandalism and non-hardcore (or occasional) contributors. :I don’t know any perfect system, but it should be worth considering a mixed approach. Approval could be required for: already flagged users (for vandalism) and recent users (how about a five-year publishing embargo?). :Only to mention a case, my [https://el.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Συμπόσιον_(Πλάτων)&diff=prev&oldid=49677 first contribution to the Greek Wiksource] was in 2012. I don’t know for how long I have been registered in Wikimedia (I guess this was before 2010). :This isn’t about myself, the issue here is that Wikisource needs contributions to even exist (not to mention for its growth). If no regular user is allowed to contribute without approval, cooperation is basically non-existing. :Even with approval, the reply times are incredibly slow (because of the system). It is not that attention spans are getting shorter, time is the most scarce resource we all are (and I don’t have weeks or months to see whether I’m allowed to have [[Noctes Atticae]] as ePub). :Sorry, the sentence in parentheses isn’t a complaint. Please, do as you please, but my contribution is: consider that you might be making contributions way harder, project growth way slower and administrators’ roles way more complicated (probably, than they could and should be). :Many thanks for your help and your project, --[[Usor:Ousia|Ousia]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Ousia|disputatio]]) 17:15, 4 Septembris 2025 (UTC) ::@[[Usor:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]] I think there is consensus we can switch this off. Let me know if I can help in any way if you think it's time to switch it off. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 18:25, 4 Octobris 2025 (UTC) :::{{ping|JimKillock}} thanks for the reminder and agreed for removal, so I created a task on Phabricator here : [[Phab:T406424]]. Cheers, [[Usor:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:VIGNERON|disputatio]]) 09:42, 5 Octobris 2025 (UTC) ::::Thanks for filing this @[[Usor:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]] , the Wikimedia tech team seem to have finished their work on this now! [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 12:16, 18 Octobris 2025 (UTC) == Index page error "Error: Invalid interval" == I am getting an error: at [[:Liber:Nos in schola latine loquimur - Ars latine loquendi.pdf]] "Error: Invalid interval" for the paginae listing; even when set to <code><nowiki><pagelist 1=1 /></nowiki></code>. Any clues appreciated! [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 16:48, 5 Septembris 2025 (UTC) :This might be the infamous "0x0 bug" that has plagued Wikisource for two? three? years. Normally it resolves doing a purge in both the file page in Commons and in the local Wikisource. [[Usor:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Ignacio Rodríguez|disputatio]]) 19:34, 5 Septembris 2025 (UTC) ::Thanks, that seems to b working now. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 07:53, 6 Septembris 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Server switch - Your wiki will be read-only for a short time soon</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="server-switch"/><div class="plainlinks"> [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|Read this message in another language]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&language=&action=page&filter= {{int:please-translate}}] The [[foundation:|Wikimedia Foundation]] will switch the traffic between its data centers. This will make sure that Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia wikis can stay online even after a disaster. All traffic will switch on '''{{#time:j xg|2025-09-24|en}}'''. The switch will start at '''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2025-09-24T15:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2025-09-24T15:00}}]'''. 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'''Please share this information with your community.'''</div><section end="server-switch"/> </div> <span dir=ltr>[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])</span> 15:42, 18 Septembris 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29170715 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Have your say: vote for the 2025 Board of Trustees</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> Hello all, The voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|2025 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. Candidates are running for two (2) seats on the Board. To check your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|voter eligibility page]]. 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Haec opera olim sub pagina Anglica erant posita, sed propter Latinam linguam sublata sunt. Possumusne paginam [[Scriptor:Archibaldus Pitcarnius]](?) creare et haec ibi recensere? [[Specialis:Conlationes/&#126;2025-27371-40|&#126;2025-27371-40]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:&#126;2025-27371-40|talk]]) 20:45, 19 Octobris 2025 (UTC) :Libenter tibi pagina scriptoris addetur, ut opera transcriptioni adiungantur! [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 08:36, 20 Octobris 2025 (UTC) ::Gratias ago! Nota quaeso quod, ubi pagina creata erit, eam etiam in Vicidata addendam esse, sicut Anglica pagina [[:en:Author:Archibald Pitcairne]]. --[[Specialis:Conlationes/&#126;2025-27371-40|&#126;2025-27371-40]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:&#126;2025-27371-40|talk]]) 08:50, 20 Octobris 2025 (UTC) :::Certe, nexus Vicidata ad alias paginas de Archibaldo creandus est. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 12:07, 20 Octobris 2025 (UTC) == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="function1"/> {{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere). There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki. {{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}} <section end="function1"/> </div> -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:43, 20 Octobris 2025 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29432175 --> == Missal transcription: ℣ and ℟ , and ✠ == Hi there, @[[Usor:Laura1822|Laura1822]] is transcribing [[Liber:Missale Romanum 1862.djvu]], and needs the characters ℣ and ℟ , and ✠ to display for users, when these are in mainspace. We think it may be necessary to use a special / embedded font to do this, as I think was meant for <nowiki>{{blackletter}}</nowiki> ({{blackletter|exempli gratia}}; see [[Formula:Blackletter/styles.css]], although this does not seem to be calling a font at the moment). Does anyone have any advice about how we would add a webfont to LAWS's CSS, particularly for ℣ and ℟ ; or if there is a way to use an existing webfont with these characters that might be available to us? (Or if there is some other workable solution). [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 08:58, 24 Octobris 2025 (UTC) == Vandalismus == Vidi nuper nonnihil vandalismi, qualis in [https://la.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Veni,_Veni_Emmanuel!&curid=12961&diff=244803&oldid=244791 hoc] et [https://la.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=The_Old_Testament_(Vulgate)/Hieremias_propheta&action=history illo] apparuit. 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'''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 Ianuarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == <span lang="en" dir="ltr">Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines</span> == <div lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section begin="announcement-content" /> I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]]. Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])<section end="announcement-content" /> </div> 21:02, 19 Ianuarii 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=29905753 --> == Ad magistratus == Magistratus venerabiles, potestisne in [[MediaWiki:Edittools|capsam insertionis]] addere haec: <nowiki><poem>+</poem></nowiki> et <nowiki>{{Versus|+}}</nowiki>? — Dear admins, сan you add to the [[MediaWiki:Edittools|quick insert toolbar]] <nowiki><poem>+</poem></nowiki> et <nowiki>{{Versus|+}}</nowiki>? [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 07:09, 3 Februarii 2026 (UTC) :@[[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]]: done, sorry for the delay. If you need anything else, please ping me, as I don't normally follow the Scriptorium. [[Usor:Candalua|Candalua]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Candalua|disputatio]]) 07:09, 17 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::Gratias ago maximas! [[Usor:Demetrius Talpa|Demetrius Talpa]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Demetrius Talpa|disputatio]]) 08:51, 17 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 17:11, 3 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> == Bot Flag Request for [[{{ns:User}}:SchlurcherBot]] == Appologies for posting in English. Also, I could not locate a dedicated page for bot request in {{#language:{{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}}, so I am posting here. Please direct me to the correct page if one exists. 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Thank you. --[[Usor:Schlurcher|Schlurcher]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Schlurcher|disputatio]]) 07:53, 7 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :@[[Usor:Alex brollo|Alex brollo]], @[[Usor:Candalua|Candalua]], @[[Usor:OrbiliusMagister|OrbiliusMagister]], @[[Usor:VIGNERON|VIGNERON]]. Please let me know if Bot status can be granted. --[[Usor:Schlurcher|Schlurcher]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Schlurcher|disputatio]]) 06:48, 17 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Usor:Schlurcher|Schlurcher]]: fine for me, if there are no objections I'll grant it. [[Usor:Candalua|Candalua]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Candalua|disputatio]]) 07:03, 17 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Usor:Schlurcher|Schlurcher]] OK for me too. --[[Usor:Alex brollo|Alex brollo]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Alex brollo|disputatio]]) 11:41, 17 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::@[[Usor:Schlurcher|Schlurcher]] Fine for me too. This checked conversions from http to https are important. [[Usor:OrbiliusMagister|OrbiliusMagister]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:OrbiliusMagister|disputatio]]) 15:06, 17 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) :::{{Done}} Right granted. @[[Usor:Schlurcher|Schlurcher]], would you tell us something about you second bot called [[Usor:SchlurcherBotT|SchlurcherBotT]], please? - [[Usor:OrbiliusMagister|OrbiliusMagister]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:OrbiliusMagister|disputatio]]) 15:28, 17 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) ::::@[[Usor:OrbiliusMagister|OrbiliusMagister]] Thanks for granting the flag. SchlurcherBotT is my secondary Bot account on Commons to test new functionality within the scope of the tasks approved of SchlurcherBot. It's approved for that on Commons. As I'm editing on Commons with >100 edits per minute on a continuous basis, it's basically impossible for me to track selected edits otherwise. I'm not intending to use that secondary account outside of Commons. --[[Usor:Schlurcher|Schlurcher]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:Schlurcher|disputatio]]) 16:14, 17 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) == Request for comment (global AI policy) == <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"> Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}} A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} [[Usor:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:MediaWiki message delivery|disputatio]]) 00:58, 26 Aprilis 2026 (UTC) </bdi> <!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&oldid=30424282 --> == Proofing [[Liber:PRAETORIUS, Michael - Syntagma musicum 1.djvu]] == If anyone would like to help to do a second proof of [[Liber:PRAETORIUS, Michael - Syntagma musicum 1.djvu]], that would be very welcome! I am helping with this as well. [[Usor:JimKillock|JimKillock]] ([[Disputatio Usoris:JimKillock|disputatio]]) 08:01, 12 Maii 2026 (UTC) 0chkwaz72xymfgqvl7gkdyffeq0f63t 0 6368 265337 140624 2026-05-12T10:36:17Z Saumache 27923 /* XXVI */ 265337 wikitext text/x-wiki {{titulus2 |Scriptor=Aulus Gellius |OperaeTitulus=Noctes Atticae |OperaeWikiPagina=Noctes Atticae |Annus= |SubTitulus= }} {{Liber |Ante=Liber I |AnteNomen=Noctes Atticae/Liber I |Post=Liber III |PostNomen=Noctes Atticae/Liber III }} {| style="margin:0 auto; margin-top:0.5em" align=center width=100% id=toc |align="center" style="background: #efefef" | '''INDEX''' <br /> [[Noctes Atticae/Liber I|Liber I]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber II|Liber II]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber III|Liber III]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber IV|Liber IV]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber V|Liber V]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber VI|Liber VI]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber VII|Liber VII]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber VIII|Liber VIII]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber IX|Liber IX]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber X|Liber X]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber XI|Liber XI]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber XII|Liber XII]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber XIII|Liber XIII]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber XIV|Liber XIV]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber XV|Liber XV]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber XVI|Liber XVI]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber XVII|Liber XVII]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber XVIII|Liber XVIII]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber XIX|Liber XIX]] | [[Noctes Atticae/Liber XX|Liber XX]] |} ===I=== Quo genere solitus sit philosophus Socrates exercere patientiam corporis; deque eiusdem viri temperantia. 1 Inter labores voluntarios et exercitia corporis ad fortuitas patientiae vices firmandi id quoque accepimus Socraten facere insuevisse:2 stare solitus Socrates dicitur pertinaci statu perdius atque pernox a summo lucis ortu ad solem alterum orientem inconivens, immobilis, isdem in vestigiis et ore atque oculis eundem in locum directis cogitabundus tamquam quodam secessu mentis atque animi facto a corpore. 3 Quam rem cum Favorinus de fortitudine eius viri ut pleraque disserens attigisset: pollakis inquit ex heliou eis helion heistÈkei astrabËsteros ton premnon. 4 Temperantia quoque fuisse eum tanta traditum est, ut omnia fere vitae suae tempora valitudine inoffensa vixerit. 5 In illius etiam pestilentiae vastitate, quae in belli Peloponnesiaci principis Atheniensium civitatem internecivo genere morbi depopulata est, is parcendi moderandique rationibus dicitur et a voluptatum labe cavisse et salubritates corporis retinuisse, ut nequaquam fuerit communi omnium cladi obnoxius. ===II=== Quae ratio observatioque officiorum esse debeat inter patres filiosque in discumbendo sedendoque atque id genus rebus domi forisque, si filii magistratus sint et patres privati; superque ea re Tauri philosophi dissertatio et exemplum ex historia Romana petitum. 1 Ad philosophum Taurum Athenas visendi cognoscendique eius gratia venerat V. C., praeses Cretae provinciae, et cum eo simul eiusdem praesidis pater. 2 Taurus sectatoribus commodum dimissis sedebat pro cubiculi sui foribus et cum assistentibus nobis sermocinabatur. 3 Introivit provinciae praeses et cum eo pater;4 assurrexit placide Taurus et post mutuam salutationem resedit. 5 Allata mox una sella est, quae in promptu erat, atque, dum aliae promebantur, apposita est. Invitavit Taurus patrem praesidis, uti sederet. 6 Atque ille ait: "Sedeat hic potius, qui populi Romani magistratus est."7 "Absque praeiudicio" inquit Taurus "tu interea sede, dum inspicimus quaerimusque, utrum conveniat tene potius sedere, qui pater es, an filium, qui magistratus est."8 Et, cum pater assedisset appositumque esset aliud filio quoque eius sedile, verba super ea re Taurus facit cum summa, dii boni, honorum atque officiorum perpensatione. 9 Eorum verborum sententia haec fuit: In publicis locis atque muneribus atque actionibus patrum iura cum filiorum, qui in magistratu sunt, potestatibus collata interquiescere paululum et conivere, sed cum extra rempublicam in domestica re atque vita sedeatur, ambuletur, in convivio quoque familiari discumbatur, tum inter filium magistratum et patrem privatum publicos honores cessare, naturales et genuinos exoriri. 10 "Hoc igitur," inquit "quod ad me venistis, quod colloquimur nunc, quod de officiis disceptamus, privata actio est. Itaque utere apud me his honoribus prius, quibus domi quoque vestrae te uti priorem decet." 11 Haec atque alia in eandem sententiam Taurus graviter simul et comiter disseruit. 12 Quid autem super huiuscemodi patris atque filii officio apud Claudium legerimus, non esse ab re visum est, ut adscriberemus. 13 Posuimus igitur verba ipsa Quadrigarii ex annali eius sexto transscripta: "Deinde facti consules Sempronius Gracchus iterum Q. Fabius Maximus, filius eius, qui priore anno erat consul. Ei consuli pater proconsul obviam in equo vehens venit neque descendere voluit, quod pater erat, et, quod inter eos sciebant maxima concordia convenire, lictores non ausi sunt descendere iubere. Vbi iuxta venit, tum consul ait: "quid postea?"; lictor ille, qui apparebat, cito intellexit, Maximum proconsulem descendere iussit. Fabius imperio paret et filium collaudavit, cum imperium, quod populi esset, retineret." ===III=== Qua ratione verbis quibusdam vocabulisque veteres immiserint "h" litterae spiritum. 1 "H" litteram sive illam spiritum magis quam litteram dici oportet, inserebant eam veteres nostri plerisque vocibus verborum firmandis roborandisque, ut sonus earum esset viridior vegetiorque; atque id videntur fecisse studio et exemplo linguae Atticae. 2 Satis notum est Atticos hichthyn et hippon et multa itidem alia contra morem gentium Graeciae ceterarum inspirantis primae litterae dixisse. 3 Sic "lachrumas", sic "sepulchrum", sic "ahenum", sic "vehemens", sic "incohare", sic "helluari", sic "halucinari", sic "honera", sic "honestum" dixerunt. 4 In his enim verbis omnibus litterae seu spiritus istius nulla ratio visa est, nisi ut firmitas et vigor vocis quasi quibusdam nervis additis intenderetur. 5 Sed quoniam "aheni" quoque exemplo usi sumus, venit nobis in memoriam Fidum Optatum, multi nominis Romae grammaticum, ostendisse mihi librum Aeneidos secundum mirandae vetustatis emptum in sigillariis viginti aureis, quem ipsius Vergili fuisse credebatur. In quo duo isti versus cum ita scripti forent: vestibulum ante ipsum primoque in limine Pyrrus exsultat telis et luce coruscus aena, additam supra vidimus "h" litteram et "ahena" factum. 6 Sic in illo quoque Vergili versu in optimis libris scriptum invenimus: aut foliis undam trepidi despumat aheni. ===IV=== Quam ob causam Gavius Bassus genus quoddam iudicii "divinationem" appellari scripserit; et quam alii causam esse eiusdem vocabuli dixerint. 1 Cum de constituendo accusatore quaeritur iudiciumque super ea re redditur, cuinam potissimum ex duobus pluribusve accusatio subscriptiove in reum permittatur, ea res atque iudicum cognitio "divinatio" appellatur. II. Id vocabulum quam ob causam ita factum sit, quaeri solet. 3 Gavius Bassus in tertio librorum, quos de origine vocabulorum composuit: "divinatio" inquit "iudicium appellatur, quoniam divinet quodammodo iudex oportet, quam sententiam sese ferre par sit."4 Nimis quidem est in verbis Gavi Bassi ratio inperfecta vel magis inops et ieiuna. 5 Sed videtur tamen significare velle idcirco dici "divinationem", quod in aliis quidem causis iudex ea, quae didicit quaeque argumentis vel testibus demonstrata sunt, sequi solet, in hac autem re, cum eligendus accusator est, parva admodum et exilia sunt, quibus moveri iudex possit, et propterea, quinam magis ad accusandum idoneus sit, quasi divinandum est. 6 Hoc Bassus. Sed alii quidam "divinationem" esse appellatam putant, quoniam, cum accusator et reus duae res quasi cognatae coniunctaeque sint neque utra sine altera constare possit, in hoc tamen genere causae reus quidem iam est, sed accusator nondum est, et idcirco, quod adhuc usque deest et latet, divinatione supplendum est, quisnam sit accusator futurus. ===V=== Quam lepide signateque dixerit Favorinus philosophus, quid intersit inter Platonis et Lysiae orationem. 1 Favorinus de Lysia et Platone solitus dicere est: "Si ex Platonis" inquit "oratione verbum aliquod demas mutesve atque id commodatissime facias, de elegantia tamen detraxeris; si ex Lysiae, de sententia." ===VI=== Quibus verbis ignaviter et abiecte Vergilius usus esse dicatur; et quid his, qui improbe id dicunt, respondeatur. 1 Nonnulli grammatici aetatis superioris, in quibus est Cornutus Annaeus, haut sane indocti neque ignobiles, qui commentaria in Vergilium composuerunt, reprehendunt quasi incuriose et abiecte verbum positum in his versibus: candida succinctam latrantibus inguina monstris Dulichias vexasse rates et gurgite in alto a! timidos nautas canibus lacerasse marinis. 2 "Vexasse" enim putant verbum esse leve et tenuis ac parvi incommodi nec tantae atrocitati congruere, cum homines repente a belua immanissima rapti laniatique sint. 3 Item aliud huiuscemodi reprehendunt: quis aut Eurysthea durum aut inlaudati nescit Busiridis aras? "Inlaudati" parum idoneum esse verbum dicunt neque id satis esse ad faciendam scelerati hominis detestationem, qui, quod hospites omnium gentium immolare solitus fuit, non laude indignus, sed detestatione exsecrationeque totius generis humani dignus esset. 4 Item aliud verbum culpaverunt: per tunicam squalentem auro latus haurit apertum, tamquam si non convenerit dicere "auro squalentem", quoniam nitoribus splendoribusque auri squaloris inluvies sit contraria. 5 Sed de verbo "vexasse" ita responderi posse credo: "Vexasse" grave verbum est factumque ab eo videtur, quod est "vehere", in quo inest vis iam quaedam alieni arbitrii; non enim sui potens est, qui vehitur. "Vexare" autem, quod ex eo inclinatum est, vi atque motu procul dubio vastiorest. Nam qui fertur et rapsatur atque huc atque illuc distrahitur, is vexari proprie dicitur, sicuti "taxare" pressius crebriusque est quam "tangere", unde id procul dubio inclinatum est, et "iactare" multo fusius largiusque est quam "iacere", unde id verbum traductum est, et "quassare" quam "quatere" gravius violentiusque est. 6 Non igitur, quia volgo dici solet "vexatum esse" quem fumo aut vento aut pulvere, propterea debet vis vera atque natura verbi deperire, quae a veteribus, qui proprie atque signate locuti sunt, ita ut decuit, conservata est. 7 M. Catonis verba sunt ex oratione, quam de Achaeis scripsit: "Cumque Hannibal terram Italiam laceraret atque vexaret"; "vexatam" Italiam dixit Cato ab Hannibale, quando nullum calamitatis aut saevitiae aut immanitatis genus reperiri queat, quod in eo tempore Italia non perpessa sit;8 M. Tullius IV. in Verrem: "Quae ab isto sic spoliata atque direpta est, non ut ab hoste aliquo, qui tamen in bello religionem et consuetudinis iura retineret, sed ut a barbaris praedonibus vexata esse videatur."9 De "inlaudato" autem duo videntur responderi posse. Vnum est eiusmodi: Nemo quisquam tam efflictis est moribus, quin faciat aut dicat nonnumquam aliquid, quod laudari queat. Vnde hic antiquissimus versus vice proverbii celebratus est: pollaki gar kai moros aner mala kairion eipen. 10 Sed enim qui omni in re atque omni tempore laude omni vacat, is "inlaudatus" est isque omnium pessimus deterrimusque est, sicuti omnis culpae privatio "inculpatum" facit. "Inculpatus" autem instar est absolutae virtutis; "inlaudatus" quoque igitur finis est extremae malitiae. 11 Itaque Homerus non virtutibus appellandis, sed vitiis detrahendis laudare ampliter solet. Hoc enim est: to d'ouk akonte petesthen, et item illud: enth'ouk an brizonta idois Agamemnona dion, oude kataptossont',oud'ouk ethelonta machesthai. 12 Epicurus quoque simili modo maximam voluptatem privationem detractionemque omnis doloris definivit his verbis: Horos tou megethous ton hedonon pantos tou algountos hypexaireis. 13 Eadem ratione idem Vergilius "inamabilem" dixit Stygiam paludem. 14 Nam sicut "inlaudatum" kata steresin laudis, ita "inamabilem" kata amoris steresin detestatus est. 15 Altero modo "inlaudatus" ita defenditur:16 "Laudare" significat prisca lingua nominare appellareque. Sic in actionibus civilibus auctor "laudari" dicitur, quod est nominari. 17 "Inlaudatus" autem est, quasi inlaudabilis, qui neque mentione aut memoria ulla dignus neque umquam nominandus est, 18 sicuti quondam a communi consilio Asiae decretum est, uti nomen eius, qui templum Dianae Ephesi incenderat, ne quis ullo in tempore nominaret. 19 Tertium restat ex his, quae reprehensa sunt, quod "tunicam squalentem auro" dixit. 20 Id autem significat copiam densitatemque auri in squamarum speciem intexti. "Squalere" enim dictum a squamarum crebritate asperitateque, quae in serpentium pisciumve coriis visuntur. 21 Quam rem et alii et hic quidem poeta locis aliquot demonstrat: quem pellis, inquit, ahenis in plumam squamis auro conserta tegebat, et alio loco: 22 iamque adeo rutilum thoraca indutus ahenis horrebat squamis. 23 Accius in Pelopidis ita scribit: eius serpentis squamae squalido auro et purpura pertextae. 24 Quicquid igitur nimis inculcatum obsitumque aliqua re erat, ut incuteret visentibus facie nova horrorem, id "squalere" dicebatur. 25 Sic in corporibus incultis squamosisque alta congeries sordium "squalor" appellatur. Cuius significationis multo assiduoque usu totum id verbum ita contaminatum est, ut iam "squalor" de re alia nulla quam de solis inquinamentis dici coeperit. ===VII=== De officio erga patres liberorum; deque ea re ex philosophiae libris, in quibus scriptum quaesitumque est, an omnibus patris iussis obsequendum sit. 1 Quaeri solitum est in philosophorum disceptationibus, an semper inque omnibus iussis patri parendum sit. 2 Super ea re Graeci nostrique, qui de officiis scripserunt, tres sententias esse, quae spectandae considerandaeque sint, tradiderunt easque subtilissime diiudicarunt. 3 Earum una est: omnia, quae pater imperat, parendum;4 altera est: in quibusdam parendum, quibusdam non obsequendum;5 tertia est: nihil necessum esse patri obsequi et parere. 6 Haec sententia quoniam primore aspectu nimis infamis est, super ea prius, quae dicta sunt, dicemus. 7 "Aut recte" inquiunt "imperat pater aut perperam. Si recte imperat, non, quia imperat, parendum, sed quoniam id fieri ius est, faciendum est; si perperam, nequaquam scilicet faciendum, quod fieri non oportet."8 Deinde ita concludunt: "numquam est igitur patri parendum, quae imperat". 9 Set neque istam sententiam probari accepimus - argutiola quippe haec, sicuti mox ostendemus,10 frivola et inanis est, neque autem illa, quam primo in loco diximus, vera et proba videri potest omnia esse, quae pater iusserit, parendum. XI. Quid enim si proditionem patriae, si matris necem, si alia quaedam imperabit turpia aut impia?12 Media igitur sententia optima atque tutissima visa est quaedam esse parendum, quaedam non obsequendum. 13 Sed ea tamen, quae obsequi non oportet, leniter et verecunde ac sine detestatione nimia sineque obprobratione acerba reprehensionis declinanda sensim et relinquenda esse dicunt quam respuenda. 14 Conclusio vero illa, qua colligitur, sicuti supra dictum est, nihil patri parendum, inperfecta est refutarique ac dilui sic potest:15 Omnia, quae in rebus humanis fiunt, ita ut docti censuerunt, aut honesta sunt aut turpia. 16 Quae sua vi recta aut honesta sunt, ut fidem colere, patriam defendere, ut amicos diligere, ea fieri oportet, sive imperet pater sive non imperet;17 sed quae his contraria quaeque turpia, omnino iniqua sunt, ea ne si imperet quidem. 18 Quae vero in medio sunt et a Graecis tum mesa, tum adiaphora appellantur, ut in militiam ire, rus colere, honores capessere, causas defendere, uxorem ducere, ut iussum proficisci, ut accersitum venire, quoniam et haec et his similia per sese ipsa neque honesta sunt neque turpia, sed, proinde ut a nobis aguntur, ita ipsis actionibus aut probanda fiunt aut reprehendenda: propterea in eiusmodi omnium rerum generibus patri parendum esse censent, veluti si uxorem ducere imperet aut causas pro reis dicere. 19 Quod enim utrumque in genere ipso per sese neque honestum neque turpe est, idcirco, si pater iubeat, obsequendum est. 20 Sed enim si imperet uxorem ducere infamem, propudiosam, criminosam aut pro reo Catilina aliquo aut Tubulo aut P. Clodio causam dicere, non scilicet parendum, quoniam accedente aliquo turpitudinis numero desinunt esse per sese haec media atque indifferentia. 21 Non ergo integra est propositio dicentium "aut honesta sunt, quae imperat pater, aut turpia", neque hygies et nominon diezeugmenon videri potest. 22 Deest enim diiunctioni isti tertium: "aut neque honesta sunt neque turpia". Quod si additur, non potest ita concludi: "numquam est igitur patri parendum". ===VIII=== Quod parum aequa reprehensio Epicuri a Plutarcho facta sit in synlogismi disciplina. 1 Plutarchus secundo librorum, quos de Homero composuit, inperfecte atque praepostere atque inscite synlogismo esse usum Epicurum dicit verbaque ipsa Epicuri ponit: "Ho thanatos ouden pros hemas; to gar dialythen anaisthetei; to de anaisthetoun ouden pros hemas. 2 "Nam praetermisit," inquit "quod in prima parte sumere debuit, ton thanaton einai psyches kai somatos dialysin,3 tunc deinde eodem ipso, quod omiserat, quasi posito concessoque ad confirmandum aliud utitur. 4 Progredi autem hic" inquit "synlogismus nisi illo prius posito non potest."5 Vere hoc quidem Plutarchus de forma atque ordine synlogismi scripsit. Nam si, ut in disciplinis traditur, ita colligere et ratiocinari velis, sic dici oportet: ho thanatos psyches kai somatos dialysis; to de dialythein anaisthetei; to de anaisthetoun ouden pros hemas. 6 Sed Epicurus, cuiusmodi homost, non inscitia videtur partem istam synlogismi praetermisisse,7 neque id ei negotium fuit synlogismum tamquam in scolis philosophorum cum suis numeris omnibus et cum suis finibus dicere, sed profecto, quia separatio animi et corporis in morte evidens est, non est ratus necessariam esse eius admonitionem, quod omnibus prosus erat obvium. 8 Sicuti etiam, quod coniunctionem synlogismi non in fine posuit, set in principio: nam id quoque non inperite factum quis non videt?9 Aput Platonem quoque multis in locis reperias synlogismos repudiato conversoque ordine isto, qui in docendo traditur, cum eleganti quadam reprehensionis contemptione positos esse. ===IX=== Quod idem Plutarchus evidenti calumnia verbum ab Epicuro dictum insectatus sit. 1 In eodem libro idem Plutarchus eundem Epicurum reprehendit, quod verbo usus sit parum proprio et alienae significationis. 2 Ita enim scripsit Epicurus: Horos tou megethous ton hedonon he pantos tou algountos hypexaireis. "Non" inquit "pantos tou algountos, sed pantos tou algeinou dicere oportuit;3 detractio enim significanda est doloris," inquit "non dolentis". 4 Nimis minute ac prope etiam subfrigide Plutarchus in Epicuro accusando lexitherei. 5 Has enim curas vocum verborumque elegantias non modo non sectatur Epicurus, sed etiam insectatur. ===X=== Quid sint favisae Capitolinae; et quid super eo verbo M. Varro Servio Sulpicio quaerenti rescripserit. 1 Servius Sulpicius, iuris civilis auctor, vir bene litteratus, scripsit ad M. Varronem rogavitque, ut rescriberet, quid significaret verbum, quod in censoris libris scriptum esset. 2 Id erat verbum "favisae Capitolinae". Varro rescripsit in memoria sibi esse, quod Q. Catulus curator restituendi Capitolii dixisset voluisse se aream Capitolinam deprimere, ut pluribus gradibus in aedem conscenderetur suggestusque pro fastigii magnitudine altior fieret, sed facere id non quisse, quoniam "favisae" impedissent. 3 Id esse cellas quasdam et cisternas, quae in area sub terra essent, ubi reponi solerent signa vetera, quae ex eo templo collapsa essent, et alia quaedam religiosa e donis consecratis. Ac deinde eadem epistula negat quidem se in litteris invenisse, cur "favisae" dictae sint, sed Q. Valerium Soranum solitum dicere ait, quos "thesauros" Graeco nomine appellaremus, priscos Latinos "flavisas" dixisse, quod in eos non rude aes argentumque, sed flata signataque pecunia conderetur. 4 Coniectare igitur se detractam esse ex eo verbo secundam litteram et "favisas" esse dictas cellas quasdam et specus, quibus aeditui Capitolii uterentur ad custodiendas res veteres religiosas. ===XI=== De Sicinio Dentato egregio bellatore multa memoratu digna. 1 L. Sicinium Dentatum, qui tribunus plebi fuit Sp. Tarpeio A. Aternio consulibus, scriptum est in libris annalibus plus, quam credi debeat, strenuum bellatorem fuisse nomenque ei factum ob ingentem fortitudinem appellatumque esse Achillem Romanum. 2 Is pugnasse in hostem dicitur centum et viginti proeliis, cicatricem aversam nullam, adversas quinque et quadraginta tulisse, coronis donatus esse aureis octo, obsidionali una, muralibus tribus, civicis quattuordecim, torquibus tribus et octoginta, armillis plus centum sexaginta, hastis duodeviginti; phaleris item donatus est quinquies viciesque;3 spolia militaria habuit multiiuga, in his provocatoria pleraque;4 triumphavit cum imperatoribus suis triumphos novem. ===XII=== Considerata perpensaque lex quaedam Solonis speciem habens primorem iniquae iniustaeque legis, sed ad usum et emolumentum salubritatis penitus reperta. 1 In legibus Solonis illis antiquissimis, quae Athenis axibus ligneis incisae sunt quasque latas ab eo Athenienses, ut sempiternae manerent, poenis et religionibus sanxerunt, legem esse Aristoteles refert scriptam ad hanc sententiam: "Si ob discordiam dissensionemque seditio atque discessio populi in duas partes fiet et ob eam causam irritatis animis utrimque arma capientur pugnabiturque, tum qui in eo tempore in eoque casu civilis discordiae non alterutrae parti sese adiunxerit, sed solitarius separatusque a communi malo civitatis secesserit, is domo, patria fortunisque omnibus careto, exul extorrisque esto." 2 Cum hanc legem Solonis singulari sapientia praediti legissemus, tenuit nos gravis quaedam in principio admiratio requirentes, quam ob causam dignos esse poena existimaverit, qui se procul a seditione et civili pugna removissent. 3 Tum, qui penitus atque alte usum ac sententiam legis introspexerat, non ad augendam, sed ad desinendam seditionem legem hanc esse dicebat. Et res prorsum se sic habent. 4 Nam si boni omnes, qui in principio coercendae seditioni impares fuerint, populum percitum et amentem non deseruerint, ad alterutram partem dividi sese adiunxerint, tum eveniet, ut cum socii partis seorsum utriusque fuerint eaeque partes ab his, ut maioris auctoritatis viris, temperari ac regi coeperint, concordia per eos potissimum restitui conciliarique possit, dum et suos, apud quos sunt, regunt atque mitificant et adversarios sanatos magis cupiunt quam perditos. 5 Hoc idem Favorinus philosophus inter fratres quoque aut amicos dissidentis oportere fieri censebat, ut qui in medio sunt utriusque partis benivoli, si in concordia adnitenda parum auctoritatis quasi ambigui amici habuerint, tum alteri in alteram partem discedant ac per id meritum viam sibi ad utriusque concordiam muniant. 6 "Nunc autem plerique" inquit "partis utriusque amici, quasi probe faciant, duos litigantes destituunt et relinquunt deduntque eos advocatis malivolis aut avaris, qui lites animasque eorum inflamment aut odii studio aut lucri." ===XIII=== "Liberos" in multitudinis numero etiam unum filium filiamve veteres dixisse. 1 Antiqui oratores historiaeque aut carminum scriptores etiam unum filium filiamve "liberos" multitudinis numero appellarunt. 2 Idque nos, cum in complurium veterum libris scriptum aliquotiens adverterimus, nunc quoque in libro Sempronii Asellionis rerum gestarunt quinto ita esse positum offendimus. 3 Is Asellio sub P. Scipione Africano tribunus militum ad Numantiam fuit resque eas, quibus gerendis ipse interfuit, conscripsit. 4 Eius verba de Tiberio Graccho tribuno pl., quo in tempore interfectus in Capitolio est, haec sunt: "Nam Gracchus domo cum proficiscebatur, numquam minus terna aut quaterna milia hominum sequebantur."5 Atque inde infra de eodem Graccho ita scripsit: "Orare coepit id quidem, ut se defenderent liberosque suos; eum, quem virile secus tum in eo tempore habebat, produci iussit populoque commendavit prope flens." ===XIV=== Quod M. Cato in libro, qui inscriptus est contra Tiberium exulem, "stitisses vadimonium" per "i" litteram dicit, non "stetisses"; eiusque verbi ratio reddita. 1 In libro vetere M. Catonis, qui inscribitur contra Tiberium exulem, scriptum sic erat: "Quid si vadimonium capite obvoluto stitisses?" Recte ille quidem "stitisses" scripsit:2 sed falsa et audax ... emendatores "e" scripto et per libros "stetisses" fecerunt, tamquam "stitisses" vanum et nihili verbum esset. 3 Quin potius ipsi nequam et nihili sunt, qui ignorant "stitisses" dictum a Catone, quoniam "sisteretur" vadimonium, non "staretur". Quod antiquitus aetati senectae potissimum habiti sint ampli honores; et cur postea ad maritos et ad patres idem isti honores delati sint; atque ibi de capite quaedam legis Iuliae septimo. ===XV=== Quod antiquitus aetati senectae potissimum habiti sint ampli honores; et cur postea ad maritos et ad patres idem isti honores delati sint; atque ibi de capite quaedam legis Iuliae septimo. I. Apud antiquissimos Romanorum neque generi neque pecuniae praestantior honos tribui quam aetati solitus, maioresque natu a minoribus colebantur ad deum prope et parentum vicem atque omni in loco inque omni specie honoris priores potioresque habiti. 2 A convivio quoque, ut scriptum in antiquitatibus est, seniores a iunioribus domum deducebantur, eumque morem accepisse Romanos a Lacedaemoniis traditum est, apud quos Lycurgi legibus maior omnium rerum honos aetati maiori habebatur. 3 Sed postquam suboles civitati necessaria visa est et ad prolem populi frequentandam praemiis atque invitamentis usus fuit, tum antelati quibusdam in rebus qui uxorem quique liberos haberent senioribus neque liberos neque uxores habentibus. 4 Sicuti kapite VII. legis Iuliae priori ex consulibus fasces sumendi potestas fit, non qui pluris annos natus est, sed qui pluris liberos quam collega aut in sua potestate habet aut bello amisit. 5 Sed si par utrique numerus liberorum est, maritus aut qui in numero maritorum est, praefertur;6 si vero ambo et mariti et patres totidem liberorum sunt, tum ille pristinus honos instauratur et qui maior natu est, prior fasces sumit. 7 Super his autem, qui aut caelibes ambo sunt et parem numerum filiorum habent aut mariti sunt et liberos non habent, nihil scriptum in lege de aetate est. 8 Solitos tamen audio, qui lege potiores essent, fasces primi mensis collegis concedere aut longe aetate prioribus aut nobilioribus multo aut secundum consulatum ineuntibus. Quod Caesellius Vindex a Sulpicio Apollinari reprehensus est in sensus Vergiliani enarratione. ===XVI=== Quod Caesellius Vindex a Sulpicio Apollinari reprehensus est in sensus Vergiliani enarratione I. Vergilii versus sunt e libro sexto: ille, vides, pura iuvenis qui nititur hasta, proxima sorte tenet lucis loca. Primus ad auras aetherias Italo commixtus sanguine surget Silvius, Albanum nomen, tua postuma proles, quem tibi longaevo serum Lavinia coniunx educet silvis regem regumque parentem: unde genus Longa nostrum dominabitur Alba. 2 Videbantur haec nequaquam convenire: tua postuma proles, et: quem tibi longaevo serum Lavinia coniunx educet silvis. 3 Nam si hic Silvius, ita ut in omnium ferme annalium monumentis scriptum est, post patris mortem natus est ob eamque causam praenomen ei Postumo fuit, qua ratione subiectum est: quem tibi longaevo serum Lavinia coniunx educet silvis?4 Haec enim verba significare videri possunt Aenea vivo ac iam sene natum ei Silvium et educatum. 5 Itaque hanc sententiam esse verborum istorum Caesellius opinatus in commentario lectionum antiquarum: ""postuma"" inquit ""proles"" non eum significat, qui patre mortuo, sed qui postremo loco natus est, sicuti Silvius, qui Aenea iam sene tardo seroque partu est editus."6 Sed huius historiae auctorem idoneum nullum nominat;7 Silvium autem post Aeneae mortem, sicuti diximus, natum esse multi tradiderunt. 8 Idcirco Apollinaris Sulpicius inter cetera, in quis Caesellium reprehendit, hoc quoque eius quasi erratum animadvertit errorisque istius hanc esse causam dixit, quod scriptum ita sit "Quem tibi longaevo". ""Longaevo"" inquit "non seni significat - hoc enim est contra historiae fidem, sed in longum iam aevum et perpetuum recepto immortalique facto. IX. Anchises enim, qui haec ad filium dicit, sciebat eum, cum hominum vita discessisset, immortalem atque indigetem futurum et longo perpetuoque aevo potiturum."10 Hoc sane Apollinaris argute. Sed aliud tamen est "longum aevum", aliud "perpetuum", neque dii "longaevi" appellantur, sed "inmortales". ===XVII=== Cuiusmodi esse naturam quarundam praepositionum M. Cicero animadverterit; disceptatumque ibi super eo ipso, quod Cicero observaverat. 1 Observate curioseque animadvertit M. Tullius "in" et "con" praepositiones verbis aut vocabulis praepositas tunc produci atque protendi, cum litterae sequerentur, quae primae sunt in "sapiente" atque "felice", in aliis autem omnibus correpte pronuntiari. 2 Verba Ciceronis haec sunt: "Quid vero hoc elegantius, quod non fit natura, sed quodam instituto? "indoctus" dicimus brevi prima littera, "insanus" producta, "inhumanus" brevi, "infelix" longa et, ne multis, quibus in verbis hae primae litterae sunt, quae in "sapiente" atque "felice", producte dicuntur, in ceteris omnibus breviter; itemque "conposuit", "consuevit", "concrepuit", "confecit". Consule veritatem, reprehendet; refer ad auris, probabunt; quaere cur ita sit: dicent iuvare. Voluptati autem aurium morigerari debet oratio."3 Manifesta quidem ratio suavitatis est in his vocibus, de quibus Cicero locutus est. Sed quid dicemus de praepositione "pro", quae, cum produci et corripi soleat, observationem hanc tamen M. Tullii aspernata est?4 Non enim semper producitur, cum sequitur ea littera, quae prima est in verbo "fecit", quam Cicero hanc habere vim significat, ut propter eam rem "in" et "con" praepositiones producantur. 5 Nam "proficisci" et "profugere" et "profundere" et "profanum" et "profestum" correpte dicimus, "proferre" autem et "profligare" et "proficere" producte. 6 Cur igitur ea littera, quam Cicero productionis causam facere observavit, non in omnibus consimilibus eandem vim aut rationis aut suavitatis tenet, sed aliam vocem produci facit, aliam corripi? Neque vero "con" particula tum solum producitur, cum ea littera, de qua Cicero dixit, insequitur. 7 Nam et Cato et Sallustius: "faenoribus" inquiunt "copertus est". 8 Praeterea "coligatus" et "conexus" producte dicitur. 9 Sed tamen videri potest in his, quae posui, ob eam causam particula haec produci, quoniam eliditur ex ea "n" littera: nam detrimentum litterae productione syllabae compensatur. 10 Quod quidem etiam in eo servatur, quod est "cogo"; neque repugnat, quod "coegi" correpte dicimus:11 non enim salva id analogiai dicitur a verbo, quod est "cogo". ===XVIII=== Quod Phaedon Socraticus servus fuit; quodque item alii complusculi servitutem servierunt. 1 Phaedon Elidensis ex cohorte illa Socratica fuit Socratique et Platoni per fuit familiaris. 2 Eius nomini Plato librum illum divinum de immortalitate animae dedit. 3 Is Phaedon servus fuit forma atque ingenio liberali et, ut quidam scripserunt, a lenone domino puer ad merendum coactus. 4 Eum Cebes Socraticus hortante Socrate emisse dicitur habuisseque in philosophiae disciplinis. 5 Atque is postea philosophus inlustris fuit, sermonesque eius de Socrate admodum elegantes leguntur. 6 Alii quoque non pauci servi fuerunt, qui post philosophi clari exstiterunt. 7 Ex quibus ille Menippus fuit, cuius libros M. Varro in saturis aemulatus est, quas alii "cynicas", ipse appellat "Menippeas". 8 Sed et Theophrasti Peripatetici servus Pompylus et Zenonis Stoici servus, qui Persaeus vocatus est, et Epicuri, cui Mys nomen fuit, philosophi non incelebres vixerunt. 9 Diogenes etiam Cynicus servitutem servivit. Sed is ex libertate in servitutem venum ierat. Quem cum emere vellet Xeniades Korinthios, ecquid artificii novisset, percontatus "novi" inquit Diogenes "hominibus liberis imperare". 10 Tum Xeniades responsum eius demiratus emit et manu emisit filiosque suos ei tradens: "accipe" inquit "liberos meos, quibus imperes". De Epicteto autem philosopho nobili, quod is quoque servus fuit, recentior est memoria, quam ut scribi quasi oblitteratum debuerit. ===XIX=== "Rescire" verbum quid sit; et quam habeat veram atque propriam significationem. 1 Verbum "rescire" observavimus vim habere propriam quandam, non ex communi significatione ceterorum verborum, quibus eadem praepositio imponitur; neque ut "rescribere", "relegere", "restituere" ... substituere dicimus, itidem dicimus "rescire";2 nam qui factum aliquod occultius aut inopinatum insperatumque cognoscit, is dicitur proprie "rescire". 3 Cur autem in hoc uno verbo "re" particula huius sententiae vim habeat, equidem adhuc quaero. 4 Aliter enim dictum esse "rescivi" aut "rescire" apud eos, qui diligenter locuti sunt, nondum invenimus, quam super is rebus, quae aut consulto consilio latuerint aut contra spem opinionemve usu venerint,5 quamquam ipsum "scire" de omnibus communiter rebus dicatur vel adversis vel prosperis vel insperatis vel exspectatis. 6 Naevius in Triphallo ita scripsit: si umquam quicquam filium rescivero argentum amoris causa sumpse mutuum, extemplo illo te ducam, ubi non despuas. 7 Claudius Quadrigarius in primo annali: "Ea Lucani ubi resciverunt sibi per fallacias verba data esse."8 Item Quadrigarius in eodem libro in re tristi et inopinata verbo isto ita utitur: "Id ubi rescierunt propinqui obsidum, quos Pontio traditos supra demonstravimus, eorum parentes cum propinquis capillo passo in viam provolarunt."9 M. Cato in quarto originum: "Deinde dictator iubet postridie magistrum equitum arcessi: "mittam te, si vis, cum equitibus". "Sero est", inquit magister equitum "iam rescivere"." Quae volgo dicuntur "vivaria", id vocabulum veteres non dixisse; et quid pro eo P. Scipio in oratione ad populum, quid postea M. Varro in libris de re rustica dixerit. ===XX=== Quae volgo dicuntur "vivaria," id vocabulum veteres non dixisse; et quid pro eo P. Scipio in oratione ad populum, quid postea M. Varro in libris De Re Rustica dixerit. I. "Vivaria", quae nunc dicuntur saepta quaedam loca, in quibus ferae vivae pascuntur, M. Varro in libro de re rustica III. dicit "leporaria" appellari. 2 Verba Varronis subieci: "Villaticae pastionis genera sunt tria, ornithones, leporaria, piscinae. Nunc ornithonas dico omnium alitum, quae intra parietes villae solent pasci. Leporaria te accipere volo, non ea, quae tritavi nostri dicebant, ubi soli lepores sint, sed omnia saepta, adficta villae quae sunt et habent inclusa animalia, quae pascuntur."3 Is item infra eodem in libro ita scribit: "Cum emisti fundum Tusculanum a M. Pisone, in leporario apri multi fuere."4 "Vivaria" autem quae nunc vulgus dicit, quos paradeisous Graeci appellant, quae "leporaria" Varro dicit, haut usquam memini apud vetustiores scriptum. 5 Sed quod apud Scipionem omnium aetatis suae purissime locutum legimus "roboraria", aliquot Romae doctos viros dicere audivi id significare, quod nos "vivaria" dicimus, appellataque esse a tabulis roboreis, quibus saepta essent; quod genus saeptorum vidimus in Italia locis plerisque. 6 Verba ex oratione eius contra Claudium Asellum quinta haec sunt: "Vbi agros optime cultos atque villas expolitissimas vidisset, in his regionibus excelsissimo loco grumam statuere aiebat; inde corrigere viam, aliis per vineas medias, aliis per roborarium atque piscinam, aliis per villam."7 Lacus vero aut stagna piscibus vivis coercendis clausa suo atque proprio nomine "piscinas" nominaverunt. 8 "Apiaria" quoque vulgus dicit loca, in quibus siti sunt alvei apum; sed neminem ferme, qui incorrupte locuti sunt, aut scripsisse memini aut dixisse. 9 M. autem Varro in libro de re rustica tertio: "Melissonas" inquit "ita facere oportet, quae quidam "mellaria" appellant." Sed hoc verbum, quo Varro usus est, Graecum est; nam melissones ita dicuntur, ut ampelones et daphnones. ===XXI=== Super eo sidere, quod Graeci hamaxan, nos "septentriones" vocamus; ac de utriusque vocabuli ratione et origine. 1 Ab Aegina in Piraeum complusculi earundem disciplinarum sectatores Graeci Romanique homines eadem in navi tramittebamus. 2 Nox fuit et clemens mare et anni aestas caelumque liquide serenum. Sedebamus ergo in puppi simul universi et lucentia sidera considerabamus. 3 Tum, qui eodem in numero Graecas res eruditi erant, quid hamaxa esset, et quaenam maior et quae minor, cur ita appellata et quam in partem procedentis noctis spatio moveretur et quamobrem Homerus solam eam non occidere dicat, tum et quaedam alia, scite ista omnia ac perite disserebant. 4 Hic ego ad nostros iuvenes convertor et "quin" inquam "vos opici dicitis mihi, quare, quod hamaxan Graeci vocant, nos "septentriones" vocamus?5 non enim satis est, quod septem stellas videmus, sed quid hoc totum, quod "septentriones" dicimus, significet, scire" inquam "id prolixius volo."6 Tum quispiam ex his, qui se ad litteras memoriasque veteres dediderat: "vulgus" inquit "grammaticorum "septentriones" a solo numero stellarum dictum putat. 7 "Triones" enim per sese nihil significare aiunt, sed vocabuli esse supplementum; sicut in eo, quod "quinquatrus" dicamus, quinque ab Idibus dierum numerus sit, "atrus" nihil. 8 Sed ego quidem cum L. Aelio et M. Varrone sentio, qui "triones" rustico vocabulo boves appellatos scribunt quasi quosdam "terriones", hoc est arandae colendaeque terrae idoneos. 9 Itaque hoc sidus, quod a figura posituraque ipsa, quia simile plaustri videtur, antiqui Graecorum hamaxan dixerunt, nostri quoque veteres a bubus iunctis "septentriones" appellarunt, id est septem stellas, ex quibus quasi iuncti triones figurantur. 10 Praeter hanc" inquit "opinionem id quoque Varro addit dubitare sese, an propterea magis hae septem stellae "triones" appellatae sint, quia ita sunt sitae, ut ternae stellae proximae quaeque inter sese faciant "trigona", id est triquetras figuras." 11 Ex his duabus rationibus, quas ille dixit, quod posterius est, subtilius elegantiusque est visum. Intuentibus enim nobis in illud ita propemodum res erat, ut forma esse triquetra videretur. ===XXII=== De vento "iapyge" deque aliorum ventorum vocabulis regionibusque accepta ex Favorini sermonibus. 1 Apud mensam Favorini in convivio familiari legi solitum erat aut vetus carmen melici poetae aut historia partim Graecae linguae, alias Latinae. 2 Legebatur ergo ibi tunc in carmine Latino "iapyx" ventus quaesitumque est, quis hic ventus et quibus ex locis spiraret et quae tam infrequentis vocabuli ratio esset; atque etiam petebamus, ut super ceterorum nominibus regionibusque docere nos ipse vellet, quia vulgo neque de appellationibus eorum neque de finibus neque de numero conveniret. 3 Tum Favorinus ita fibulatus est: "Satis" inquit "notum est limites regionesque esse caeli quattuor: exortum, occasum, meridiem, septentriones. 4 Exortus et occasus mobilia et varia sunt, meridies septentrionesque statu perpetuo stant et manent. 5 Oritur enim sol non indidem semper, sed aut "aequinoctialis" oriens dicitur, cum in circulo currit, qui appellatur isemerinos, aut "solstitialis", quae sunt therinai tropai, aut "brumalis", quae sunt cheimerinai tropai. 6 Item cadit sol non in eundem semper locum. Fit enim similiter occasus eius aut "aequinoctialis" aut "solstitialis" aut "brumalis". 7 Qui ventus igitur ab oriente verno, id est aequinoctiali, venit, nominatur "eurus" ficto vocabulo, ut isti etymologikai aiunt, ho apo tes eous rheon. 8 Is alio quoque a Graecis nomine apheliotes, Romanis nauticis "subsolanus" cognominatur. 9 Sed qui ab aestiva et solstitiali orientis meta venit, Latine "aquilo", boreas Graece dicitur, eumque propterea quidam dicunt ab Homero aithregeneten appellatum; boream autem putant dictum apo tes boes, quoniam sit violenti flatus et sonori. 10 Tertius ventus, qui ab oriente hiberno spirat - "volturnum" Romani vocant, eum plerique Graeci mixto nomine, quod inter notum et eurum sit, euronoton appellant. 11 Hi sunt igitur tres venti orientales: "aquilo", "volturnus", "eurus", quorum medius eurus est. 12 His oppositi et contrarii sunt alii tres occidui: "caurus", quem solent Graeci appellare argesten: is adversus aquilonem flat; item alter "favonius", qui Graece zephyros vocatur: is adversus eurum flat; tertius "africus", qui Graece lips: is adversus volturnum facit. 13 Hae duae regiones caeli orientis occidentisque inter sese adversae sex habere ventos videntur. 14 Meridies autem, quoniam certo atque fixo limite est, unum meridialem ventum habet: is Latine "auster", Graece notos nominatur, quoniam est nebulosus atque umectus; notis enim Graece umor nominatur. 15 Septentriones autem habent ob eandem causam unum. Is obiectus derectusque in austrum, Latine "septentrionarius", Graece aparktias appellatus. 16 Ex his octo ventis alii quattuor ventos detrahunt atque id facere se dicunt Homero auctore, qui solos quattuor ventos noverit: eurum, austrum, aquilonem,17 favonium, a quattuor caeli partibus, quas quasi primas nominavimus, oriente scilicet atque occidente latioribus atque simplicibus, non tripertitis. 18 Partim autem sunt, qui pro octo duodecim faciant tertios quattuor in media loca inserentes circum meridiem et septentriones eadem ratione, qua secundi quattuor intersiti sunt inter primores duos apud orientem occidentemque. 19 "Sunt porro alia quaedam nomina quasi peculiarium ventorum, quae incolae in suis quisque regionibus fecerunt aut ex locorum vocabulis, in quibus colunt, aut ex alia qua causa, quae ad faciendum vocabulum acciderat. 20 Nostri namque Galli ventum ex sua terra flantem, quem saevissimum patiuntur, "circium" appellant a turbine, opinor, eius ac vertigine; 21 ex Iapygias ipsius orae proficiscentem quasi sinibus Apuli eodem, quo ipsi sunt, nomine "iapygem" dicunt. 22 Eum esse propemodum caurum existimo; nam et est occidentalis et videtur exadversum eurum flare. 23 Itaque Vergilius Cleopatram e navali proelio in Aegyptum fugientem vento "iapyge" ferri ait, ecum quoque Apulum eodem, quo ventum, vocabulo "iapygem" appellavit. 24 Est etiam ventus nomine kaikias, quem Aristoteles ita flare dicit, ut nubes non procul propellat, sed ut ad sese vocet, ex quo versum istum proverbialem factum ait: helkon eph'hauton hoste kaikias nephos. 25 Praeter hos autem, quos dixi, sunt alii plurifariam venti commenticii et suae quisque regionis indigenae, ut est Horatianus quoque ille "atabulus", quos ipsos quoque exsecuturus fui; addidissemque eos, qui "etesiae" et "prodromi" appellitantur, qui certo tempore anni, cum canis oritur, ex alia atque alia parte caeli spirant, rationesque omnium vocabulorum, quoniam plus paulo adbibi, effutissem, nisi multa iam prosus omnibus vobis reticentibus verba fecissem, quasi fieret a me akroasis epideiktike. 26 In convivio autem frequenti loqui solum unum neque honestum est" inquit "neque commodum." 27 Haec nobis Favorinus in eo, quo dixi, tempore apud mensam suam summa cum elegantia verborum totiusque sermonis comitate atque gratia denarravit. 28 Sed quod ait ventum, qui ex terra Gallia flaret, "circium" appellari, M. Cato in libris originum eum ventum "cercium" dicit, non "circium". 29 Nam cum de Hispanis scriberet, qui citra Hiberum colunt, verba haec posuit: "Set in his regionibus ferrariae, argentifodinae pulcherrimae, mons ex sale mero magnus; quantum demas, tantum adcrescit. Ventus cercius, cum loquare, buccam implet, armatum hominem, plaustrum oneratum percellit." 30 Quod supra autem dixi etesias ex alia atque alia parte caeli flare, haut scio an secutus opinionem multorum temere dixerim. 31 P. enim Nigidii in secundo librorum, quos de vento composuit, verba haec sunt: "Et etesiai et austri anniversarii secundo sole flant." Considerandum igitur est, quid sit "secundo sole". ===XXIII=== Consultatio diiudicatioque locorum facta ex comoedia Menandri et Caecilii, quae Plocium inscripta est. 1 Comoedias lectitamus nostrorum poetarum sumptas ac versas de Graecis Menandro aut Posidippo aut Apollodoro aut Alexide et quibusdam item aliis comicis. 2 Neque, cum legimus eas, nimium sane displicent, quin lepide quoque et venuste scriptae videantur, prorsus ut melius posse fieri nihil censeas. 3 Sed enim si conferas et componas Graeca ipsa, unde illa venerunt, ac singula considerate atque apte iunctis et alternis lectionibus committas, oppido quam iacere atque sordere incipiunt, quae Latina sunt; ita Graecarum, quas aemulari nequiverunt, facetiis atque luminibus obsolescunt. 4 Nuper adeo usus huius rei nobis venit. 5 Caecili Plocium legebamus; hautquaquam mihi et, qui aderant, displicebat. 6 Libitum et Menandri quoque Plocium legere, a quo istam comoediam verterat. 7 Sed enim postquam in manus Menander venit, a principio statim, di boni, quantum stupere atque frigere quantumque mutare a Menandro Caecilius visus est! Diomedis hercle arma et Glauci non dispari magis pretio existimata sunt. 8 Accesserat dehinc lectio ad eum locum, in quo maritus senex super uxore divite atque deformi querebatur, quod ancillam suam, non inscito puellam ministerio et facie haut inliberali, coactus erat venundare suspectam uxori quasi paelicem. Nihil dicam ego, quantum differat; versus utrimque eximi iussi et aliis ad iudicium faciundum exponi. 9 Menander sic: ep'amphotera nyn hepikleros he kale mellei katheudesein. Kateirgastai mega kai periboeton ergon; ek tes oikias exebale ten lypousan, hen ebouleto, hin'apobleposin pantes eis to Krobyles prosopon ei t'eugnostos ous'eme gyne despoina. Kai ten opsin, hen ektesato onos en pithekois touto de to legomenon estin. Siopan boulomai ten nykta ten pollon kakon archegon. Oimoi Krobylen labein em'ei kai deka talanta ... ten rhin'echousin pecheos; eit'esti to phryagma pos hypostaton? ma ton Dia ton Olympion kai ten Athenan, oudamos. Paidiskrion therapeutikon de kai logou tachion apagesth'hode. Tis ar'an eisagoi?10 Caecilius autem sic: is demum miser est, qui aerumnam suam nescit occultare ferre: ita me uxor forma et factis facit, si taceam, tamen indicium. Quae nisi dotem, omnia, quae nolis, habet: qui sapiet, de me discet, qui quasi ad hostes captus liber servio salva urbe atque arce. Quae mihi, quidquid placet, eo privatu vim me servatum. Dum ego eius mortem inhio, egomet vivo mortuus inter vivos. Ea me clam se cum mea ancilla ait consuetum, id me arguit, ita plorando, orando, instando atque obiurgando me obtudit, eam uti venderem; nunc credo inter suas aequalis et cognatas sermonem serit: "quis vestrarum fuit integra aetatula, quae hoc idem a viro impetrarit suo, quod ego anus modo effeci, paelice ut meum privarem virum?" haec erunt concilia hodie, differor sermone miser. 11 Praeter venustatem autem rerum atque verborum in duobus libris nequaquam parem in hoc equidem soleo animum attendere, quod, quae Menander praeclare et apposite et facete scripsit, ea Caecilius, ne qua potuit quidem, conatus est enarrare, sed quasi minime probanda praetermisit et alia nescio qua mimica inculcavit et illud Menandri de vita hominum media sumptum, simplex et verum et delectabile, nescio quo pacto omisit. 12 Idem enim ille maritus senex cum altero sene vicino colloquens et uxoris locupletis superbiam deprecans haec ait: A. Echo d'epikleron Lamian; ouk eireka soi tout'? eit'ar'ouchi? kyrian tes oikias kai ton agron kai panton ant'ekeines echomen. B. Apollon, hos chaleton. A. Chalepotaton. Hapasi d'argalea 'stin, ouk emoi monoi, «ioi poly mallon, thygatri. B. Pragm'amachon legeis. A. Eu oida. 13 Caecilius vero hoc in loco ridiculus magis, quam personae isti, quam tractabat, aptus atque conveniens videri maluit. Sic enim haec corrupit: A. Sed tua morosane uxor, quaeso, est? B. Va! rogas? A. Qui tandem? B. Taedet mentionis, quae mihi, ubi domum adveni, adsedi, extemplo savium dat ieiuna anima. A. Nil peccat de savio: ut devomas, vult, quod foris potaveris. 14 Quid de illo loco in utraque comoedia posito existimari debeat, manifestum est, cuius loci haec ferme sententia:15 Filia hominis pauperis in pervigilio vitiata est. 16 Ea res clam patrem fuit, et habebatur pro virgine. 17 Ex eo vitio gravida mensibus exactis parturit. 18 Servus bonae frugi, cum pro foribus domus staret et propinquare partum erili filiae atque omnino vitium esse oblatum ignoraret, gemitum et ploratum audit puellae in puerperio enitentis: timet, irascitur, suspicatur, miseretur, dolet. 19 Hi omnes motus eius affectionesque animi in Graeca quidem comoedia mirabiliter acres et illustres, apud Caecilium autem pigra istaec omnia et a rerum dignitate atque gratia vacua sunt. 20 Post, ubi idem servus percontando, quod acciderat repperit, has aput Menandrum voces facit: o tris kakodaimon, hostis on penes gamei kai paidopoiei. Hos alogistos est'aner, hos mete phylaken ton anankaion echei, met',an atychesei eis ta koina tou biou, epamphiesai dynaito touto chremasin, all'en akalyptoi kai talaiporoi bioi cheimazomenos zei ton men aniairon echon to meros hapanton, ton d'agathon ouden meros. Hyper gar henos algon hapantas noutheto. 21 Ad horum autem sinceritatem veritatemque verborum an adspiraverit Caecilius, consideremus. Versus sunt hi Caecili trunca quaedam ex Menandro dicentis et consarcinantis verba tragici tumoris: is demum infortunatus est homo, pauper qui educit in egestatem liberos, cui fortuna et res ut est continuo patet. Nam opulento famam facile occultat factio. 22 Itaque, ut supra dixi, cum haec Caecilii seorsum lego, neutiquam videntur ingrata ignavaque, cum autem Graeca comparo et contendo, non puto Caecilium sequi debuisse, quod assequi nequiret. ===XXIV=== De vetere parsimonia; deque antiquis legibus sumptuariis. 1 Parsimonia apud veteres Romanos et victus atque cenarum tenuitas non domestica solum observatione ac disciplina, sed publica quoque animadversione legumque complurium sanctionibus custodita est. 2 Legi adeo nuper in Capitonis Atei coniectaneis senatus decretum vetus C. Fannio et M. Valerio Messala consulibus factum, in quo iubentur principes civitatis, qui ludis Megalensibus antiquo ritu mutitarent, id est mutua inter sese dominia agitarent, iurare apud consules verbis conceptis non amplius in singulas cenas sumptus esse facturos, quam centenos vicenosque aeris praeter olus et far et vinum, neque vino alienigena, sed patriae usuros neque argenti in convivio plus pondo quam libras centum inlaturos. 3 Sed post id senatus consultum lex Fannia lata est, quae ludis Romanis, item ludis plebeis et Saturnalibus et aliis quibusdam diebus in singulos dies centenos aeris insumi concessit decemque aliis diebus in singulis mensibus tricenos, ceteris autem diebus omnibus denos. 4 Hanc Lucilius poeta legem significat, cum dicit: Fanni centussis misellus. 5 In quo erraverunt quidam commentariorum in Lucilium scriptores, quod putaverunt Fannia lege perpetuos in omne dierum genus centenos aeris statutos. 6 Centum enim aeris Fannius constituit, sicuti supra dixi, festis quibusdam diebus eosque ipsos dies nominavit, aliorum autem dierum omnium in singulos dies sumptum inclusit intra aeris alias tricenos, alias denos. 7 Lex deinde Licinia rogata est, quae cum certis diebus, sicuti Fannia, centenos acris inpendi permisisset, nuptiis ducenos indulsit ceterisque diebus statuit aeris tricenos; cum et carnis autem et salsamenti certa pondera in singulos dies constituisset, quidquid esset tamen e terra, vite, arbore, promisce atque indefinite largita est. 8 Huius legis Laevius poeta meminit in Erotopaegniis. 9 Verba Laevii haec sunt, quibus significat haedum, qui ad epulas fuerat adlatus, dimissum cenamque ita, ut lex Licinia sanxisset, pomis oleribusque instructam: "lex Licinia" inquit "introducitur, lux liquida haedo redditur". 10 Lucilius quoque legis istius meminit in his verbis: legem vitemus Licini. 11 Postea L. Sulla dictator, cum legibus istis situ atque senio oblitteratis plerique in patrimoniis amplis helluarentur et familiam pecuniamque suam prandiorum conviviorumque gurgitibus proluissent, legem ad populum tulit, qua cautum est, ut Kalendis, Idibus, Nonis diebusque ludorum et feriis quibusdam sollemnibus sestertios trecenos in cenam insumere ius potestasque esset" ceteris autem diebus omnibus non amplius tricenos. 12 Praeter has leges Aemiliam quoque legem invenimus, qua lege non sumptus cenarum, sed ciborum genus et modus praefinitus est. 13 Lex deinde Antia praeter sumptum acris id etiam sanxit, ut qui magistratus esset magistratumve capturus esset, ne quo ad cenam, nisi ad certas personas, itaret. 14 Postrema lex Iulia ad populum pervenit Caesare Augusto imperante, qua profestis quidem diebus ducenti finiuntur, Kalendis, Idibus, Nonis et aliis quibusdam festis trecenti, nuptiis autem et repotiis sestertii mille. 15 Esse etiam dicit Capito Ateius edictum - divine Augusti an Tiberii Caesaris non satis commemini, quo edicto per dierum varias sollemnitates a trecentis sestertiis adusque duo sestertia sumptus cenarum propagatus est, ut his saltem finibus luxuriae effervescentis aestus coerceretur. ===XXV=== Quid Graeci analogian, quid contra anomalian vocent. 1 In Latino sermone, sicut in Graeco, alii analogian sequendam putaverunt, alii anomalian. 2 Analogia est similium similis declinatio, quam quidam Latine "proportionem" vocant. 3 Anomalia est inaequalitas declinationum consuetudinem sequens. 4 Duo autem Graeci grammatici illustres Aristarchus et Crates summa ope, ille analogian, hic anomalian defensitavit. 5 M. Varronis liber ad Ciceronem de lingua Latina octavus nullam esse observationem similium docet inque omnibus paene verbis consuetudinem dominari ostendit:6 "Sicuti cum dicimus" inquit ""lupus lupi", "probus probi" et "lepus leporis", item "paro paravi" et "lavo lavi", "pungo pupugi", "tundo tutudi" et "pingo pinxi". 7 Cumque" inquit "a "ceno" et "prandeo" et "poto" et "cenatus sum" et "pransus sum" et "potus sum" dicamus, a "destringor" tamen et "extergeor" et "lavor" "destrinxi" et "extersi" et "lavi" dicimus. 8 Item cum dicamus ab "Osco", "Tusco", "Graeco" "Osce", "Tusce", "Graece", a "Gallo" tamen et "Mauro" "Gallice" et "Maurice" dicimus; item a "probus" "probe", a "doctus" "docte", sed a "rarus" non dicitur "rare", sed alii "raro" dicunt, alii "rarenter"."9 Inde M. Varro in eodem libro: ""Sentior"" inquit "nemo dicit et id per se nihil est, "adsentior" tamen fere omnes dicunt. Sisenna unus "adsentio" in senatu dicebat et eum postea multi secuti, neque tamen vincere consuetudinem potuerunt."10 Sed idem Varro in aliis libris multa pro analogiai tuenda scripsit. 11 Sunt igitur ii tamquam loci quidam communes contra analogian dicere et item rursum pro analogiai. ===XXVI=== Sermones M. Frontonis et Favorini philosophi de generibus colorum vocabulisque eorum Graecis et Latinis; atque inibi color "spadix" cuiusmodi sit. {{pn|XXVI.1|1}}Favorinus philosophus, cum ad M. Frontonem consularem pedibus aegrum visum iret, voluit me quoque ad eum secum ire. {{pn|XXVI.2|2}}Ac deinde, cum ibi aput Frontonem plerisque viris doctis praesentibus sermones de coloribus vocabulisque eorum agitarentur, quod multiplex colorum facies, appellationes autem incertae et exiguae forent,{{pn|XXVI.3|3}}"plura" inquit "sunt" Favorinus "in sensibus oculorum quam in verbis vocibusque colorum discrimina. {{pn|XXVI.4|4}}Nam ut alias eorum inconcinnitates omittamus, simplices isti rufus et viridis colores singula quidem vocabula, multas autem species differentis habent. {{pn|XXVI.5|5}}Atque eam vocum inopiam in lingua magis Latina video, quam in Graeca. Quippe qui "rufus" color a rubore quidem appellatus est, sed cum aliter rubeat ignis, aliter sanguis, aliter ostrum, aliter crocum, aliter aurum, has singulas rufi varietates Latina oratio singulis propriisque vocabulis non demonstrat omniaque ista significat una "ruboris" appellatione, cum ex ipsis rebus vocabula colorum mutuatur et "igneum" aliquid dicit et "flammeum" et "sanguineum" et "croceum" et "ostrinum" et "aureum". {{pn|XXVI.6|6}}"Russus" enim color et "ruber" nihil a vocabulo "rufi" dinoscuntur neque proprietates eius omnes declarant, xanthos autem et erythros et pyrrhos et «irros et phoinix habere quasdam distantias coloris rufi videntur vel augentes eum vel remittentes vel mixta quadam specie temperantes."{{pn|XXVI.7|7}}Tum Fronto ad Favorinum: "non infitias" inquit "imus, quin lingua Graeca, quam tu videre elegisse, prolixior fusiorque sit quam nostra; sed in his tamen coloribus, quibus modo dixisti, denominandis non proinde inopes sumus, ut tibi videmur. {{pn|XXVI.8|8}}Non enim haec sunt sola vocabula rufum colorem demonstrantia, quae tu modo dixisti, "russus" et "ruber", sed alia quoque habemus plura, quam quae dicta abs te Graeca sunt: "fulvus" enim et "flavus" et "rubidus" et "poeniceus" et "rutilus" et "luteus" et "spadix" appellationes sunt rufi coloris aut acuentes eum quasi incendentes aut cum colore viridi miscentes aut nigro infuscantes aut virenti sensim albo illuminantes. {{pn|XXVI.9|9}}Nam "poeniceus", quem tu Graece phoinika dixisti, et "rutilus" et "spadix" poenicei synonymos, qui factus e Graeco noster est, exuberantiam splendoremque significant ruboris, quales sunt fructus palmae arboris non admodum sole incocti, unde spadici et poeniceo nomen est:{{pn|XXVI.10|10}}spadika enim Dorici vocant avulsum e palma termitem cum fructu. {{pn|XXVI.11|11}}"Fulvus" autem videtur de rufo atque viridi mixtus in aliis plus viridis, in aliis plus rufi liabere. Sic poeta verborum diligentissimus "fulvam aquilam" dicit et "iaspidem", "fulvos galeros" et "fulvum aurum" et "arenam fulvam" et "fulvum leonem", sic Q. Ennius in annalibus "aere fulvo" dixit. {{pn|XXVI.12|12}}"Flavus" contra videtur e viridi et rufo et albo concretus: sic "flaventes comae" et, quod mirari quosdam video, frondes olearum a Vergilio "flavae" dicuntur, sic multo ante Pacuvius aquam "flavam" dixit et "fulvum pulverem". {{pn|XXVI.13|13}}Cuius versus, quoniam sunt iucundissimi, libens commemini: cedo tuum pedem mi, lymphis flavis fulvum ut pulverem manibus isdem, quibus Vlixi saepe permulsi, abluam lassitudinemque minuam manuum mollitudine. {{pn|XXVI.14|14}}"Rubidus" autem est rufus atrior et nigrore multo inustus, "luteus" contra rufus color est dilutior;{{pn|XXVI.15|15}}inde ei nomen quoque esse factum videtur. {{pn|XXVI.16|16}}Non igitur," inquit "mi Favorine, species rufi coloris plures aput Graecos, quam aput nos nominantur. {{pn|XXVI.17|17}}Sed ne viridis quidem color pluribus a vobis vocabulis dicitur, {{pn|XXVI.18|18}}neque non potuit Vergilius colorem equi significare viridem volens caerulum magis dicere ecum quam "glaucum", sed maluit verbo uti notiore Graccho, quam inusitato Latino. {{pn|XXVI.19|19}}Nostris autem veteribus "caesia" dicta est, quae a Graecis glaukopis, ut Nigidius ait, "de colore caeli quasi caelia."" {{pn|XXVI.20|20}}Postquam haec Fronto dixit, tum Favorinus scientiam rerum uberem verborumque eius elegantiam exosculatus: "absque te" inquit "uno forsitan lingua profecto Graeca longe anteisset; sed tu, mi Fronto, quod in versu Homerico est, id facis: Kai ny ken e parelassas e ampheriston ethekas. {{pn|XXVI.21|21}}Sed cum omnia libens audivi, quae peritissime dixisti, tum maxime, quod varietatem flavi coloris enarrasti fecistique, ut intellegerem verba illa ex annali quarto decimo Ennii amoenissima, quae minime intellegebam: verrunt extemplo placidum mare: marmore flavo caeruleum spumat mare conferta rate pulsum; {{pn|XXVI.22|22}}non enim videbatur "caeruleum mare" cum "marmore flavo" convenire. {{pn|XXVI.23|23}}Sed cum sit, ita ut dixisti, flavus color e viridi et albo mixtus, pulcherrime prorsus spumas virentis maris "flavom marmor" appellavit." ===XXVII=== Quid T. Castricius existimarit super Sallustii verbis et Demosthenis, quibus alter Philippum descripsit, alter Sertorium. 1 Verba sunt haec gravia atque illustria de rege Philippo Demosthenis: Heoron d'auton ton Philippon, pros hon en hemin ho agon, hyper arches kai dynasteias ton ophthalmon ekkekommenon, ten klein kateagota, ten cheira, to skelos peperomenon, pan ho ti bouletheie meros e tyche tou somatos parelesthai, touto proiemenon, hoste toi loipoi meta times kai doxes zen. 2 Haec aemulari volens Sallustius de Sertorio duce in historiis ita scripsit: "Magna gloria tribunus militum in Hispania T. Didio imperante, magno usui bello Marsico paratu militum et armorum fuit, multaque tum ductu eius iussuque patrata primo per ignobilitatem, deinde per invidiam scriptorum incelebrata sunt, quae vivus facie sua ostentabat aliquot adversis cicatricibus et effosso oculo. Quin ille dehonestamento corporis maxime laetabatur neque illis anxius, quia reliqua gloriosius retinebat."3 De utriusque his verbis T. Castricius cum iudicaret, "nonne" inquit "ultra naturae humanae modum est dehonestamento corporis laetari? siquidem laetitia dicitur exsultatio quaedam animi gaudio efferventior eventu rerum expetitarum. 4 Quanto illud sinceriusque et humanis magis condicionibus conveniens: pan ho ti an bouletheie meros he tyche tou somatos parelesthai, touto proiemenon. 5 Quibus verbis" inquit "ostenditur Philippus non, ut Sertorius, corporis dehonestamento laetus, quod est" inquit "insolens et inmodicum, sed prae studio laudis et honoris iacturarum damnorumque corporis contemptor, qui singulos artus suos fortunae prodigendos daret quaestu atque compendio gloriarum." ===XXVIII=== Non esse compertum, cui deo rem divinam fieri oporteat, cum terra movet. 1 Quaenam esse causa videatur, quamobrem terrae tremores fiant, non modo his communibus hominum sensibus opinionibusque incompertum, sed ne inter physicas quidem philosophias satis constitit, ventorumne vi accidant specus hiatusque terrae subeuntium an aquarum subter in terrarum cavis undantium pulsibus fluctibusque, ita uti videntur existimasse antiquissimi Graecorum, qui Neptunum seisichthona appellaverunt, an cuius aliae rei causa alteriusve dei vi ac numine, nondum etiam, sicuti diximus, pro certo creditum. 2 Propterea veteres Romani cum in omnibus aliis vitae officiis tum in constituendis religionibus atque in dis inmortalibus animadvertendis castissimi cautissimique, ubi terram movisse senserant nuntiatumve erat, ferias eius rei causa edicto imperabant, sed dei nomen, ita uti solet, cui servari ferias oporteret, statuere et edicere quiescebant, ne alium pro alio nominando falsa religione populum alligarent. 3 Eas ferias si quis polluisset piaculoque ob hanc rem opus esset, hostiam "si deo, si deae" immolabant, idque ita ex decreto pontificum observatum esse M. Varro dicit, quoniam, et qua vi et per quem deorum dearumve terra tremeret, incertum esset. 4 Sed de lunae solisque defectionibus non minus in eius rei causa reperienda sese exercuerunt. 5 Quippe M. Cato, vir in cognoscendis rebus multi studii, incerta tamen et incuriose super ea re opinatus est. 6 Verba Catonis ex originum quarto haec sunt: "Non lubet scribere, quod in tabula apud pontificem maximum est, quotiens annona cara, quotiens lunae aut solis lumine caligo aut quid obstiterit."7 Vsque adeo parvi fecit rationes veras solis et lunae deficientium vel scire vel dicere. ===XXIX=== Apologus Aesopi Phrygis memoratu non inutilis. 1 Aesopus ille e Phrygia fabulator haut inmerito sapiens existimatus est, cum, quae utilia monitu suasuque erant, non severe neque imperiose praecepit et censuit, ut philosophis mos est, sed festivos delectabilesque apologos commentus res salubriter ac prospicienter animadversas in mentes animosque hominum cum audiendi quadam inlecebra induit. 2 Velut haec eius fabula de aviculae nidulo lepide atque iucunde promonet spem fiduciamque rerum, quas efficere quis possit, haut umquam in alio, set in semetipso habendam. 3 "Avicula" inquit "est parva, nomen est cassita. 4 Habitat nidulaturque in segetibus id ferme temporis, ut appetat messis pullis iam iam plumantibus. 5 Ea cassita in sementes forte congesserat tempestiviores; propterea frumentis flavescentibus pulli etiam tunc involucres erant. 6 Dum igitur ipsa iret cibum pullis quaesitum, monet eos, ut, si quid ibi rei novae fieret dicereturve, animadverterent idque uti sibi, ubi redisset, nuntiarem. 7 Dominus postea segetum illarum filium adulescentem vocat et "videsne" inquit "haec ematuruisse et manus iam postulare? idcirco die crastini, ubi primum diluculabit, fac amicos eas et roges, veniant operamque mutuam dent et messim hanc nobis adiuvent." 8 Haec ubi ille dixit, et discessit. Atque ubi redit cassita, pulli tremibundi, trepiduli circumstrepere orareque matrem, ut iam statim properet inque alium locum sese asportet: "nam dominus" inquiunt "misit, qui amicos roget, uti luce oriente veniant et metant". 9 Mater iubet eos otioso animo esse: "si enim dominus" inquit "messim ad amicos reicit, crastino seges non metetur neque necessum est, hodie uti vos auferam."10 Die" inquit "postero mater in pabulum volat. Dominus, quos rogaverat, opperitur. Sol fervit, et fit nihil; it dies, et amici nulli eunt. 11 Tum ille rursum sum ad filium: "amici isti magnam partem" inquit "cessatores sunt. Quin potius imus et cognatos adfinesque nostros oramus, ut assint creas temperi ad metendum?" Itidem hoc pulli pavefacti matri nuntiant. 12 Mater hortatur, ut tum quoque sine metu ac sine cura sint; cognatos adfinesque nullos ferme tam esse obsequibiles ait, ut ad laborem capessendum nihil cunctentur et statim dicto oboediant: "vos modo" inquit "advertite, si modo quid denuo dicetur". 13 Alia luce orta avis in pastum profecta est. Cognati et adfines operam, quam dare rogati sunt, supersederunt. 14 Ad postremum igitur dominus filio: "valeant" inquit "amici cum propinquis. Afferes primo luci falces duas; unam egomet mihi et tu tibi capies alteram, et frumentum nosmetipsi manibus nostris cras metemus". 15 Id ubi ex pullis dixisse dominum mater audivit: "tempus" inquit "est cedendi et abeundi; fiet nunc dubio procul, quod futurum dixit. In ipso enim iam vertitur, cuia res est, non in alio, unde petitur". 16 Atque ita cassita nidum migravit, seges a domino demessa est."17 Haec quidem est Aesopi fabula de amicorum et propinquorum quorum levi plerumque et inani fiducia. 18 Sed quid aliud sanctiores libri philosophorum monent, quam ut in nobis tantum ipsis nitamur, alia autem omnia, quae extra nos extraque nostrum animum sunt, neque pro nostris neque pro nobis ducamus? 19 Hunc Aesopi apologum Q. Ennius in satiris scite admodum et venuste versibus quadratis composuit. 20 Quorum duo postremi isti sunt, quos habere cordi et memoriae operae pretium esse hercle puto: hoc erit tibi argumentum semper in promptu situm: ne quid exspectes amicos, quod tute agere possies. ===XXX=== Quid observatum sit in undarum motibus, quae in mari alio atque alio modo fiunt austris flantibus aquilonibusque. 1 Hoc saepenumero in undarum motu, quas aquilones venti quique ex eadem caeli regione aer fluit, faciunt ... in mari austri atque africi. 2 Nam fluctus, qui flante aquilone maximi et creberrimi excitantur, simul ac ventus posuit, sternuntur et conflaccescunt et mox fluctus esse desinunt. 3 At non idem fit flante austro vel africo; quibus iam nihil spirantibus undae tamen factae diutius tument, et a vento quidem iamdudum tranquilla sunt, sed mare est etiam atque etiam undabundum. 4 Eius rei causa esse haec coniectatur, quod venti a septentrionibus ex altiore caeli parte in mare incidentes deorsum in aquarum profunda quasi praecipites deferuntur undasque faciunt non prorsus inpulsas, sed imitus commotas, quae tantisper erutae volvuntur, dum illius infusi desuper spiritus vis manet. 5 Austri vero et africi ad meridianum orbis circulum et ad partem axis infimam depressi inferiores et humiles per suprema aequoris euntes protrudunt magis fluctus quam eruunt, et idcirco non desuper laesae, sed propulsae in adversum aquae etiam desistente flatu retinent aliquantisper de pristino pulsu impetum. 6 Id autem ipsum, quod dicimus, ex illis quoque Homericis versibus, si quis non incuriose legat, adminiculari potest. 7 Nam de austri flatibus ita scripsit: entha notos mega kyma poti skaion rhion othei,8 contra autem de borea, quem "aquilonem" nos appellamus, alio dicit modo: kai borees aithregenetes mega kyma kylindon. 9 Ab aquilonibus enim, qui alti supernique sunt, fluctus excitatos quasi per prona volvi dicit, ab austris autem, his qui humiliores sunt, maiore vi quadam propelli sursum atque subici. 10 Id enim significat verbum otheiut alio in loco: laan ano otheske poti lopon. 11 Id quoque a peritissimis rerum philosophis observatum est austris spirantibus mare fieri glaucum et caeruleum, aquilonibus obscurius atriusque. Cuius rei causam, cum Aristotelis libros problematorum praecerperemus, notavi. {{finis}} g1y3qvdba6wf0vb3brkupnd5x0iocu8 0 6987 265326 194650 2026-05-12T08:53:48Z Saumache 27923 265326 wikitext text/x-wiki {{titulus2 |Scriptor=Decimus Iunius Iuvenalis |OperaeTitulus=Saturae |OperaeWikiPagina=Saturae (Iuvenalis, Bucheler) |Annus= |SubTitulus=Satura III }} <div class="verse"> {{Liber |Ante=Satura II |AnteNomen=Saturae (Iuvenalis, Bucheler)/Liber I/Satura II |Post=Satura IV |PostNomen=Saturae (Iuvenalis, Bucheler)/Liber I/Satura IV}} <poem> Quamvis digressu veteris confusus amici laudo tamen, vacuis quod sedem figere Cumis destinet atque unum civem donare Sibyllae. ianua Baiarum est et gratum litus amoeni secessus. ego vel Prochytam praepono Suburae; {{r|5}} nam quid tam miserum, tam solum vidimus, ut non deterius credas horrere incendia, lapsus tectorum adsiduos ac mille pericula saevae urbis et Augusto recitantes mense poetas? Sed dum tota domus raeda componitur una, {{r|10}} substitit ad veteres arcus madidamque Capenam. hic, ubi nocturnae Numa constituebat amicae (nunc sacri fontis nemus et delubra locantur Iudaeis, quorum cophinus fenumque supellex; omnis enim populo mercedem pendere iussa est {{r|15}} arbor et eiectis mendicat silva Camenis), in vallem Egeriae descendimus et speluncas dissimiles veris. quanto praesentius esset numen aquis, viridi si margine cluderet undas herba nec ingenuum violarent marmora tofum. {{r|20}} Hic tunc Umbricius 'quando artibus' inquit 'honestis nullus in urbe locus, nulla emolumenta laborum, res hodie minor est here quam fuit atque eadem cras deteret exiguis aliquid, proponimus illuc ire, fatigatas ubi Daedalus exuit alas, {{r|25}} dum nova canities, dum prima et recta senectus, dum superest Lachesi quod torqueat et pedibus me porto meis nullo dextram subeunte bacillo. cedamus patria. vivant Artorius istic et Catulus, maneant qui nigrum in candida vertunt, {{r|30}} quis facile est aedem conducere, flumina, portus, siccandam eluviem, portandum ad busta cadaver, et praebere caput domina venale sub hasta. quondam hi cornicines et municipalis harenae perpetui comites notaeque per oppida buccae {{r|35}} munera nunc edunt et, verso pollice vulgus cum iubet, occidunt populariter; inde reversi conducunt foricas, et cur non omnia? cum sint quales ex humili magna ad fastigia rerum extollit quotiens voluit Fortuna iocari. {{r|40}} Quid Romae faciam? mentiri nescio; librum, si malus est, nequeo laudare et poscere; motus astrorum ignoro; funus promittere patris nec volo nec possum; ranarum viscera numquam inspexi; ferre ad nuptam quae mittit adulter, {{r|45}} quae mandat, norunt alii; me nemo ministro fur erit, atque ideo nulli comes exeo tamquam mancus et extinctae corpus non utile dextrae. quis nunc diligitur nisi conscius et cui fervens aestuat occultis animus semperque tacendis? {{r|50}} nil tibi se debere putat, nil conferet umquam, participem qui te secreti fecit honesti. carus erit Verri qui Verrem tempore quo vult accusare potest. tanti tibi non sit opaci omnis harena Tagi quodque in mare volvitur aurum, {{r|55}} ut somno careas ponendaque praemia sumas tristis et a magno semper timearis amico. Quae nunc divitibus gens acceptissima nostris et quos praecipue fugiam, properabo fateri, nec pudor obstabit. non possum ferre, Quirites, {{r|60}} Graecam urbem. quamvis quota portio faecis Achaei? iam pridem Syrus in Tiberim defluxit Orontes et linguam et mores et cum tibicine chordas obliquas nec non gentilia tympana secum vexit et ad circum iussas prostare puellas. {{r|65}} ite, quibus grata est picta lupa barbara mitra. rusticus ille tuus sumit trechedipna, Quirine, et ceromatico fert niceteria collo. hic alta Sicyone, ast hic Amydone relicta, hic Andro, ille Samo, hic Trallibus aut Alabandis, {{r|70}} Esquilias dictumque petunt a vimine collem, viscera magnarum domuum dominique futuri. ingenium velox, audacia perdita, sermo promptus et Isaeo torrentior: ede quid illum esse putes. quemvis hominem secum attulit ad nos: {{r|75}} grammaticus, rhetor, geometres, pictor, aliptes, augur, schoenobates, medicus, magus, omnia novit Graeculus esuriens: in caelum iusseris ibit. in summa non Maurus erat neque Sarmata nec Thrax qui sumpsit pinnas, mediis sed natus Athenis. {{r|80}} horum ego non fugiam conchylia? me prior ille signabit fultusque toro meliore recumbet, advectus Romam quo pruna et cottana vento? usque adeo nihil est quod nostra infantia caelum hausit Aventini baca nutrita Sabina? {{r|85}} Quid quod adulandi gens prudentissima laudat sermonem indocti, faciem deformis amici, et longum invalidi collum cervicibus aequat Herculis Antaeum procul a tellure tenentis, miratur vocem angustam, qua deterius nec {{r|90}} ille sonat quo mordetur gallina marito? haec eadem licet et nobis laudare, sed illis creditur. an melior cum Thaida sustinet aut cum uxorem comoedus agit vel Dorida nullo cultam palliolo? mulier nempe ipsa videtur, {{r|95}} non persona, loqui: vacua et plana omnia dicas infra ventriculum et tenui distantia rima. nec tamen Antiochus nec erit mirabilis illic aut Stratocles aut cum molli Demetrius Haemo: natio comoeda est. rides, maiore cachinno {{r|100}} concutitur; flet, si lacrimas conspexit amici, nec dolet; igniculum brumae si tempore poscas, accipit endromidem; si dixeris "aestuo," sudat. non sumus ergo pares: melior, qui semper et omni nocte dieque potest aliena sumere vultum {{r|105}} a facie, iactare manus laudare paratus, si bene ructavit, si rectum minxit amicus, si trulla inverso crepitum dedit aurea fundo. Praeterea sanctum nihil +aut+ ab inguine tutum, non matrona laris, non filia virgo, nec ipse {{r|110}} sponsus levis adhuc, non filius ante pudicus. horum si nihil est, aviam resupinat amici. [scire volunt secreta domus atque inde timeri.] et quoniam coepit Graecorum mentio, transi gymnasia atque audi facinus maioris abollae. {{r|115}} Stoicus occidit Baream delator amicum discipulumque senex ripa nutritus in illa ad quam Gorgonei delapsa est pinna caballi. non est Romano cuiquam locus hic, ubi regnat Protogenes aliquis vel Diphilus aut Hermarchus, {{r|120}} qui gentis vitio numquam partitur amicum, solus habet. nam cum facilem stillavit in aurem exiguum de naturae patriaeque veneno, limine summoveor, perierunt tempora longi servitii; nusquam minor est iactura clientis. {{r|125}} Quod porro officium, ne nobis blandiar, aut quod pauperis hic meritum, si curet nocte togatus currere, cum praetor lictorem inpellat et ire praecipitem iubeat dudum vigilantibus orbis, ne prior Albinam et Modiam collega salutet? {{r|130}} divitis hic servo cludit latus ingenuorum filius; alter enim quantum in legione tribuni accipiunt donat Calvinae vel Catienae, ut semel aut iterum super illam palpitet; at tu, cum tibi vestiti facies scorti placet, haeres {{r|135}} et dubitas alta Chionen deducere sella. da testem Romae tam sanctum quam fuit hospes numinis Idaei, procedat vel Numa vel qui servavit trepidam flagranti ex aede Minervam: protinus ad censum, de moribus ultima fiet {{r|140}} quaestio. "quot pascit servos? quot possidet agri iugera? quam multa magnaque paropside cenat?" quantum quisque sua nummorum servat in arca, tantum habet et fidei. iures licet et Samothracum et nostrorum aras, contemnere fulmina pauper {{r|145}} creditur atque deos dis ignoscentibus ipsis. Quid quod materiam praebet causasque iocorum omnibus hic idem, si foeda et scissa lacerna, si toga sordidula est et rupta calceus alter pelle patet, vel si consuto volnere crassum {{r|150}} atque recens linum ostendit non una cicatrix? nil habet infelix paupertas durius in se quam quod ridiculos homines facit. "exeat" inquit, "si pudor est, et de pulvino surgat equestri, cuius res legi non sufficit, et sedeant hic {{r|155}} lenonum pueri quocumque ex fornice nati, hic plaudat nitidus praeconis filius inter pinnirapi cultos iuvenes iuvenesque lanistae." sic libitum vano, qui nos distinxit, Othoni. quis gener hic placuit censu minor atque puellae {{r|160}} sarcinulis inpar? quis pauper scribitur heres? quando in consilio est aedilibus? agmine facto debuerant olim tenues migrasse Quirites. Haut facile emergunt quorum virtutibus obstat res angusta domi, sed Romae durior illis {{r|165}} conatus: magno hospitium miserabile, magno servorum ventres, et frugi cenula magno. fictilibus cenare pudet, quod turpe negabis translatus subito ad Marsos mensamque Sabellam contentusque illic Veneto duroque cucullo. {{r|170}} Pars magna Italiae est, si verum admittimus, in qua nemo togam sumit nisi mortuus. ipsa dierum festorum herboso colitur si quando theatro maiestas tandemque redit ad pulpita notum exodium, cum personae pallentis hiatum {{r|175}} in gremio matris formidat rusticus infans, aequales habitus illic similesque videbis orchestram et populum; clari velamen honoris sufficiunt tunicae summis aedilibus albae. hic ultra vires habitus nitor, hic aliquid plus {{r|180}} quam satis est interdum aliena sumitur arca. commune id vitium est: hic vivimus ambitiosa paupertate omnes. quid te moror? omnia Romae cum pretio. quid das, ut Cossum aliquando salutes, ut te respiciat clauso Veiento labello? {{r|185}} ille metit barbam, crinem hic deponit amati; plena domus libis venalibus: accipe et istud fermentum tibi habe. praestare tributa clientes cogimur et cultis augere peculia servis. Quis timet aut timuit gelida Praeneste ruinam {{r|190}} aut positis nemorosa inter iuga Volsiniis aut simplicibus Gabiis aut proni Tiburis arce? nos urbem colimus tenui tibicine fultam magna parte sui; nam sic labentibus obstat vilicus et, veteris rimae cum texit hiatum, {{r|195}} securos pendente iubet dormire ruina. vivendum est illic, ubi nulla incendia, nulli nocte metus. iam poscit aquam, iam frivola transfert Ucalegon, tabulata tibi iam tertia fumant: tu nescis; nam si gradibus trepidatur ab imis, {{r|200}} ultimus ardebit quem tegula sola tuetur a pluvia, molles ubi reddunt ova columbae. lectus erat Cordo Procula minor, urceoli sex ornamentum abaci, nec non et parvulus infra cantharus et recubans sub eodem marmore Chiron, {{r|205}} iamque vetus Graecos servabat cista libellos et divina opici rodebant carmina mures. nil habuit Cordus, quis enim negat? et tamen illud perdidit infelix totum nihil. ultimus autem aerumnae cumulus, quod nudum et frusta rogantem {{r|210}} nemo cibo, nemo hospitio tectoque iuvabit. Si magna Asturici cecidit domus, horrida mater, pullati proceres, differt vadimonia praetor. tum gemimus casus urbis, tunc odimus ignem. ardet adhuc, et iam accurrit qui marmora donet, {{r|215}} conferat inpensas; hic nuda et candida signa, hic aliquid praeclarum Euphranoris et Polycliti, haec Asianorum vetera ornamenta deorum, hic libros dabit et forulos mediamque Minervam, hic modium argenti. meliora ac plura reponit {{r|220}} Persicus orborum lautissimus et merito iam suspectus tamquam ipse suas incenderit aedes. Si potes avelli circensibus, optima Sorae aut Fabrateriae domus aut Frusinone paratur quanti nunc tenebras unum conducis in annum. {{r|225}} hortulus hic puteusque brevis nec reste movendus in tenuis plantas facili diffunditur haustu. vive bidentis amans et culti vilicus horti unde epulum possis centum dare Pythagoreis. est aliquid, quocumque loco, quocumque recessu, {{r|230}} unius sese dominum fecisse lacertae. Plurimus hic aeger moritur vigilando (sed ipsum languorem peperit cibus inperfectus et haerens ardenti stomacho); nam quae meritoria somnum admittunt? magnis opibus dormitur in urbe. {{r|235}} inde caput morbi. raedarum transitus arto vicorum in flexu et stantis convicia mandrae eripient somnum Druso vitulisque marinis. si vocat officium, turba cedente vehetur dives et ingenti curret super ora Liburna {{r|240}} atque obiter leget aut scribet vel dormiet intus; namque facit somnum clausa lectica fenestra. ante tamen veniet: nobis properantibus obstat unda prior, magno populus premit agmine lumbos qui sequitur; ferit hic cubito, ferit assere duro {{r|245}} alter, at hic tignum capiti incutit, ille metretam. pinguia crura luto, planta mox undique magna calcor, et in digito clavus mihi militis haeret. Nonne vides quanto celebretur sportula fumo? centum convivae, sequitur sua quemque culina. {{r|250}} Corbulo vix ferret tot vasa ingentia, tot res inpositas capiti, quas recto vertice portat servulus infelix et cursu ventilat ignem. scinduntur tunicae sartae modo, longa coruscat serraco veniente abies, atque altera pinum {{r|255}} plaustra vehunt; nutant alte populoque minantur. nam si procubuit qui saxa Ligustica portat axis et eversum fudit super agmina montem, quid superest de corporibus? quis membra, quis ossa invenit? obtritum volgi perit omne cadaver {{r|260}} more animae. domus interea secura patellas iam lavat et bucca foculum excitat et sonat unctis striglibus et pleno componit lintea guto. haec inter pueros varie properantur, at ille iam sedet in ripa taetrumque novicius horret {{r|265}} porthmea nec sperat caenosi gurgitis alnum infelix nec habet quem porrigat ore trientem. Respice nunc alia ac diversa pericula noctis: quod spatium tectis sublimibus unde cerebrum testa ferit, quotiens rimosa et curta fenestris {{r|270}} vasa cadant, quanto percussum pondere signent et laedant silicem. possis ignavus haberi et subiti casus inprovidus, ad cenam si intestatus eas: adeo tot fata, quot illa nocte patent vigiles te praetereunte fenestrae. {{r|275}} ergo optes votumque feras miserabile tecum, ut sint contentae patulas defundere pelves. Ebrius ac petulans, qui nullum forte cecidit, dat poenas, noctem patitur lugentis amicum Pelidae, cubat in faciem, mox deinde supinus: {{r|280}} [ergo non aliter poterit dormire; quibusdam] somnum rixa facit. sed quamvis inprobus annis atque mero fervens cavet hunc quem coccina laena vitari iubet et comitum longissimus ordo, multum praeterea flammarum et aenea lampas. {{r|285}} me, quem luna solet deducere vel breve lumen candelae, cuius dispenso et tempero filum, contemnit. miserae cognosce prohoemia rixae, si rixa est, ubi tu pulsas, ego vapulo tantum. stat contra starique iubet. parere necesse est; {{r|290}} nam quid agas, cum te furiosus cogat et idem fortior? "unde venis" exclamat, "cuius aceto, cuius conche tumes? quis tecum sectile porrum sutor et elixi vervecis labra comedit? nil mihi respondes? aut dic aut accipe calcem. {{r|295}} ede ubi consistas: in qua te quaero proseucha?" dicere si temptes aliquid tacitusve recedas, tantumdem est: feriunt pariter, vadimonia deinde irati faciunt. libertas pauperis haec est: pulsatus rogat et pugnis concisus adorat {{r|300}} ut liceat paucis cum dentibus inde reverti. Nec tamen haec tantum metuas; nam qui spoliet te non derit clausis domibus postquam omnis ubique fixa catenatae siluit compago tabernae. interdum et ferro subitus grassator agit rem: {{r|305}} armato quotiens tutae custode tenentur et Pomptina palus et Gallinaria pinus, sic inde huc omnes tamquam ad vivaria currunt. qua fornace graves, qua non incude catenae? maximus in vinclis ferri modus, ut timeas ne {{r|310}} vomer deficiat, ne marra et sarcula desint. felices proavorum atavos, felicia dicas saecula quae quondam sub regibus atque tribunis viderunt uno contentam carcere Romam. His alias poteram et pluris subnectere causas, {{r|315}} sed iumenta vocant et sol inclinat. eundum est; nam mihi commota iamdudum mulio virga adnuit. ergo vale nostri memor, et quotiens te Roma tuo refici properantem reddet Aquino, me quoque ad Helvinam Cererem vestramque Dianam {{r|320}} converte a Cumis. saturarum ego, ni pudet illas, auditor gelidos veniam caligatus in agros.' </poem> {{Liber |Ante=Satura II |AnteNomen=Saturae (Iuvenalis, Bucheler)/Liber I/Satura II |Post=Satura IV |PostNomen=Saturae (Iuvenalis, Bucheler)/Liber I/Satura IV}} </div> {{finis}} [[da:Juvenals tredje satire]] [[en:Satire 3]] [[fr:Juvénal Satire III (Traduction Raoul)]] [[it:Satire (Giovenale)/Satira III]] [[ru:Сатиры Ювенала (Ювенал/Минаев)]] k4pzyut3qa50oip3vphn1rlpdo5x454 104 34763 265316 155618 2026-05-12T00:03:18Z Rusticatio 30501 265316 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ser be etre shi" />86 CONVIVIUM PROFANUM.</noinclude>vino, sicuti par est dicta inter pocula. Sed satis iam theologiae in convivio. In coena sumus, non in Sorbona.<ref>Gymnasium, seu collegium a Carolo Magno Parisiis institutum anno post Christum natum 791.</ref> :{{sc|ch}}. Quid vetat dici Sorbonam, ubi bene sorbetur? :{{sc|aug}}. Sorbeamus igitur, non disputemus, ne nobis a sorbis dicatur Sorbona, sed a sorbendo. :{{sc|ch}}. Agite, hospites humanissimi, quaeso ut coenulam nostram, licet tenuem, aequi bonique consulatis. Praebete vos hilares ac lubentes, quamvis convivium tenue sit et frugale: ego, vestra facilitate fretus, familiariter vos vocare sum ausus. Et est sane vester mihi adventus conspectusque non modo gratissimus, verum etiam iucundissimus. CONVIVAE. Coena tua, Christiane optime, multis modis elegans lautaque nobis videtur. Quod excusas, id unum habet accusandum. Nam magnificentior fuit, quam sat est. Siquidem hoc convivium opiparum in primis ac lautum iudicarim, quod primum simplicibus epulis, deinde hilaritate, risu, iocis, salibus sit conditum: quae omnia nostro convivio non defuerunt. Verum de convivarum numero hic mihi quiddam in mentem venit, quos neque pauciores tribus, neque plures novem esse oportere scripsit Varro. Tres enim sunt Charites, id est, Gratiae, humanitatis ac benevolentiae praesides: et novem sunt Musae, honestiorum studiorum duces. At hic decem convivas esse video, virginibus exceptis. :{{sc|aug}}. Nihil convenientius accidere potuit. Nos sumus Varrone ipso paulo sapientiores. Nam tres puellas lepidissimas, tanquam tres Charites adhibuimus. Deinde, quia a novem Musarum choro Apollo abesse nunquam credendus est, iure decimum adiecimus convivam. :{{sc|ch}}. Poëtice dixisti. Si mihi laurus adesset, laurea corona caput tuum cingerem, fieresque poëta laureatus. :{{sc|aug}}. Si malva coronatus essem,<noinclude><references/></noinclude> 4nxiazx47ig4qkqk4cu8cy9x33mq31j 265317 265316 2026-05-12T00:06:27Z Rusticatio 30501 265317 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ser be etre shi" />86 CONVIVIUM PROFANUM.</noinclude>vino, sicuti par est dicta inter pocula. Sed satis iam theologiae in convivio. In coena sumus, non in Sorbona.<ref>Gymnasium, seu collegium a Carolo Magno Parisiis institutum anno post Christum natum 791.</ref> :{{sc|ch}}. Quid vetat dici Sorbonam, ubi bene sorbetur? :{{sc|aug}}. Sorbeamus igitur, non disputemus, ne nobis a sorbis dicatur Sorbona, sed a sorbendo. :{{sc|ch}}. Agite, hospites humanissimi, quaeso ut coenulam nostram, licet tenuem, aequi bonique consulatis. Praebete vos hilares ac lubentes, quamvis convivium tenue sit et frugale: ego, vestra facilitate fretus, familiariter vos vocare sum ausus. Et est sane vester mihi adventus conspectusque non modo gratissimus, verum etiam iucundissimus. :{{sc|CONVIVAE}}. Coena tua, Christiane optime, multis modis elegans lautaque nobis videtur. Quod excusas, id unum habet accusandum. Nam magnificentior fuit, quam sat est. Siquidem hoc convivium opiparum in primis ac lautum iudicarim, quod primum simplicibus epulis, deinde hilaritate, risu, iocis, salibus sit conditum: quae omnia nostro convivio non defuerunt. Verum de convivarum numero hic mihi quiddam in mentem venit, quos neque pauciores tribus, neque plures novem esse oportere scripsit Varro. Tres enim sunt Charites, id est, Gratiae, humanitatis ac benevolentiae praesides: et novem sunt Musae, honestiorum studiorum duces. At hic decem convivas esse video, virginibus exceptis. :{{sc|aug}}. Nihil convenientius accidere potuit. Nos sumus Varrone ipso paulo sapientiores. Nam tres puellas lepidissimas, tanquam tres Charites adhibuimus. Deinde, quia a novem Musarum choro Apollo abesse nunquam credendus est, iure decimum adiecimus convivam. :{{sc|ch}}. Poëtice dixisti. Si mihi laurus adesset, laurea corona caput tuum cingerem, fieresque poëta laureatus. :{{sc|aug}}. Si malva coronatus essem,<noinclude><references/></noinclude> paqxj3oz0xyl2t1k8azviqgvqczplqq 104 34837 265318 155720 2026-05-12T04:40:19Z Rusticatio 30501 265318 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ser be etre shi" />90 VARIANDI FORMULAE.</noinclude>sunt, emo, mercor: redimo, id est, aut captum, aut perditum: vendo, venundo: revendo, i.e. rursus vendo, quod mihi venditum erat. Veneo, id est, vendor: cuius praeteritum venivi vel venii, supinum venum: hinc venalis. Ab illo, id est, vendo, vendibilis manat. Mereo, pro inservio et stipendium facio. Comparo, id est, emo vel committo. Commuto, muto, permuto. Cambire penitus barbarum in hoc sensu. Aestimo, taxo, indico pro aestimo, censeo. Liceor, liceris: licitor, licitaris: addico. Distrahor, id est, circumferor ut veneam. Metior pro aestimo aut taxo. Constat, pro emitur. Conducere, locare. Foenero, ad foenus do. Foeneror, ad foenus accipio. Paciscor, pactus sum; pango, pepigi, id est, pactum facio. :{{sc|ch}}. Da exemplum. {{c|''Vendendi et emendi formulae.''}} :{{sc|aug}}. Quanti istum agrum in singulos annos locas? Respondebimus: vigenis libris francicis. Hui, nimio locas. Imo locavi olim multo pluris. At ego tanti non conducam. Si conduxeris minoris, peream. Imo iam vicinus tuus Chremes agrum obtulit, ac rogat. Quanti? Tantidem, quantum tu petis. At multo meliorem. Mentiris. Facio, ut solent, qui licentur. Tu ipse tanti posside. Quid liceris, vel licitaris, quum nihil sis empturus? Quanticunque addixeris, solvam optima fide. {{c|''Alterum exemplum.''}} Congrum istum, Syra, quanti vendis? Decem obolis. Nimio, turpissima. Imo minimo; nulla tibi vendet minoris. Emoriar, si non tanti mihi constat, aut certe non multo minoris. Mentiris, venefica, quoniam duplo vis vendere, aut triplo. Et centuplo, si queam: sed fatuos non invenio. Quid si liciter te ipsam? Quanti aestimas te? Ut lubet. Quanti me liceris! Quanti indicas te? Dic, quanti te taxas<noinclude><references/></noinclude> g1xniwm86jtmh62x7ev6krv6h4lg55x 265319 265318 2026-05-12T04:41:47Z Rusticatio 30501 265319 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ser be etre shi" />90 VARIANDI FORMULAE.</noinclude>sunt, emo, mercor: redimo, id est, aut captum, aut perditum: vendo, venundo: revendo, i.e. rursus vendo, quod mihi venditum erat. Veneo, id est, vendor: cuius praeteritum venivi vel venii, supinum venum: hinc venalis. Ab illo, id est, vendo, vendibilis manat. Mereo, pro inservio et stipendium facio. Comparo, id est, emo vel committo. Commuto, muto, permuto. Cambire penitus barbarum in hoc sensu. Aestimo, taxo, indico pro aestimo, censeo. Liceor, liceris: licitor, licitaris: addico. Distrahor, id est, circumferor ut veneam. Metior pro aestimo aut taxo. Constat, pro emitur. Conducere, locare. Foenero, ad foenus do. Foeneror, ad foenus accipio. Paciscor, pactus sum; pango, pepigi, id est, pactum facio. :{{sc|ch}}. Da exemplum. {{c|''Vendendi et emendi formulae.''}} :{{sc|aug}}. Quanti istum agrum in singulos annos locas? Respondebimus: vigenis libris francicis. Hui, nimio locas. Imo locavi olim multo pluris. At ego tanti non conducam. Si conduxeris minoris, peream. Imo iam vicinus tuus Chremes agrum obtulit, ac rogat. Quanti? Tantidem, quantum tu petis. At multo meliorem. Mentiris. Facio, ut solent, qui licentur. Tu ipse tanti posside. Quid liceris, vel licitaris, quum nihil sis empturus? Quanticunque addixeris, solvam optima fide. {{c|''Alterum exemplum.''}} Congrum istum, Syra, quanti vendis? Decem obolis. Nimio, turpissima. Imo minimo; nulla tibi vendet minoris. Emoriar, si non tanti mihi constat, aut certe non multo minoris. Mentiris, venefica, quoniam duplo vis vendere, aut triplo. Et centuplo, si queam: sed fatuos non invenio. Quid si liciter te ipsam? Quanti aestimas te? Ut lubet. Quanti me liceris! Quanti indicas te? Dic, quanti te taxas?<noinclude><references/></noinclude> i8ctfvzzcj1kkkdcfcm32cwlb6uhcia 104 34840 265320 155735 2026-05-12T04:51:38Z Rusticatio 30501 265320 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ser be etre shi" />ACCUSANDI FORMULAE. 93</noinclude>{{pt|pidus|lepidus}} postulatus est repetundarum. Accersitus est capitis. Si hominem insimulabis avaritiae, male audies. Admoneto eum pristinae fortunae. Mortales ipso vocabulo suae conditionis admonentur. Commonefacito Lepidum promissi. Sunt pleraque, quae accusativum geminum admittant. Doceo te literas. Exorat te veniam. Dedocebo te istos mores. Poposcit me mutuum. Hic eius rei mihi admonendus es, quod in his secundum accusativum etiam passiva obtinent, in aliis genitivus manet. A me doctus est literas. Postulant me furti. Postulor furti. Accusas me sacrilegii. Accusor sacrilegii. Scio, te nondum expletum. Scio, animo tuo nondum esse satisfactum. Quando enim tantus elegantiarum helluo satietur? Sed convivis parcendum est, quos haec non omnes perinde delectant. A coena inter deambulandum, id quod rationi deerit, persolvemus, nisi quid aliud censes. :{{sc|ch}}. Fiat ex tua sententia. Agamus gratias benignitati divinae, deinde paulisper deambulaturi. :{{sc|mi}}. Pulchre dicis. Nihil enim hoc vespertino coelo amoenius, nihil salubrius. :{{sc|ch}}. Petre, adesdum. Tolle suo quaeque ordine, ac vinum cyathis infunde. :{{sc|pe}}. Iubesne agi gratias? :{{sc|ch}}. Age. :{{sc|pe}}. Graece mavis, an Latine? :{{sc|ch}}. Utroque modo. :{{sc|pe}}. ''Gratias agimus tibi, pater coelestis, qui tua ineffabili potentia condidisti omnia, tua inscrutabili sapientia gubernas universa, tua inexhausta bonitate cuncta pascis ac vegetas: largire filiis tuis, ut aliquando tecum bibant in regno tuo nectar illud immortalitatis, quod promisisti ac praeparasti vere diligentibus te, per Iesum Christum. Amen''. :{{sc|ch}}. Dic eadem Graece, ne ceteri, quod dicas, intelligant. :{{sc|pe}}. Ἐυχαριστοῦμέν σοι, πάτερ οὐράνιε, ὁ τῇ ἀῤῥήτῳ σου δυνάμει κτίσας τὰ πάντα, ὁ τῇ ἀνεξερευνήτῳ σου σοφίᾳ κυβερνῶν ἁπαξάπαντα, ὁ τῇ ἀνεξαντλήτῳ σου χρηστότητι ἕκαστα τρεφόμενός τε καὶ αὐξάνων. Χαρίζου τοῖς υἱοῖς σου τὸ μετὰ σοῦ ποτὲ πιεῖν τὸ<noinclude><references/></noinclude> cdy9sijatw9mtz0yubgizgefogwtprx 104 34841 265321 155780 2026-05-12T04:55:45Z Rusticatio 30501 265321 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ser be etre shi" />94 PRECANDI FORMULAE.</noinclude>τῆς ἀθανασίας νέκταρ, ὃ ὑπέχου καὶ ἡτοίμασας τοῖς ἀληθῶς ἀγαπῶσί σε, διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, τοῦ υἱοῦ σου, τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν, τοῦ μετά σου ζῶντος, καὶ βασιλεύοντος ἐν ἑνότητι τοῦ πνεύματος ἁγίου, εἰς τοὺς αἰώνας. Ἀμήν. :{{sc|ch}}. Habeo vobis, hospites candidissimi, gratiam, qui ad hoc conviviolum venire dignati sitis; oro aequi bonique consulatis. :{{sc|co}}. Nos vicissim gratiam referre volumus, non tantum habere. Proinde ne multis agantur gratiae. Quin potius surgamus et exspatiemur. :{{sc|aug}}. Ducamus nobiscum virgines; nam eo minus molesta erit deambulatio. :{{sc|ch}}. Recte sentis. Ne desint nobis flosculi, si forte locus flores non habebit. Utrum mavis nostris in hortis more poetico reptare, an foris ad amnem exspatiari? :{{sc|aug}}. Habent quidem horti tui amoenitatis permultum, verum eam voluptatem matutinis deambulationibus serva. At sole inclinato amnium aspectus oculos mirum in modum iuvat. :{{sc|ch}}. Antecede igitur, Augustine, ut poëta dignum est: latus tuum claudam. :{{sc|aug}}. Bone Deus, quantum comitum, quantam pompam nobiscum ducimus! Dici non potest, Christiane, quantum mihi placeam. Satrapes mihi videor. :{{sc|ch}}. Age, nunc promissum praesta. Solve, quod recepisti. :{{sc|aug}}. Quid me potissimum vis dicere? :{{sc|ch}}. Ego quondam in Pollionis oratione quum multa, tum illud inprimis solebam admirari, quod tam facile, tam crebro, tam venuste orationem verteret: quae res non modo singularis ingenii, verum etiam multi usus mihi videtur. :{{sc|aug}}. Haud iniuria istud in Pollione admiratus es, Christiane. Ille enim tum hac in re divinam quandam vim obtinet, quam quidem illi cum ingenii dexteritate quadam, tum plurimo et dicendi, et legendi, et scribendi usu contigisse opinor, potius quam ratione aliqua, aut praeceptione. :{{sc|ch}}. At ego rationem aliquam istius rei, si fieri potest, exspecto. :{{sc|aug}}. Ita, ut dixi, res habet. Verum quia te tantopere<noinclude><references/></noinclude> 54i8gk2y39nn2xlm1iv436rrzuhnv8f 265322 265321 2026-05-12T04:57:17Z Rusticatio 30501 265322 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ser be etre shi" />94 PRECANDI FORMULAE.</noinclude>τῆς ἀθανασίας νέκταρ, ὃ ὑπέχου καὶ ἡτοίμασας τοῖς ἀληθῶς ἀγαπῶσί σε, διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, τοῦ υἱοῦ σου, τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν, τοῦ μετά σου ζῶντος, καὶ βασιλεύοντος ἐν ἑνότητι τοῦ πνεύματος ἁγίου, εἰς τοὺς αἰώνας. Ἀμήν. :{{sc|ch}}. Habeo vobis, hospites candidissimi, gratiam, qui ad hoc conviviolum venire dignati sitis; oro aequi bonique consulatis. :{{sc|co}}. Nos vicissim gratiam referre volumus, non tantum habere. Proinde ne multis agantur gratiae. Quin potius surgamus et exspatiemur. :{{sc|aug}}. Ducamus nobiscum virgines; nam eo minus molesta erit deambulatio. :{{sc|ch}}. Recte sentis. Ne desint nobis flosculi, si forte locus flores non habebit. Utrum mavis nostris in hortis more poëtico reptare, an foris ad amnem exspatiari? :{{sc|aug}}. Habent quidem horti tui amoenitatis permultum, verum eam voluptatem matutinis deambulationibus serva. At sole inclinato amnium aspectus oculos mirum in modum iuvat. :{{sc|ch}}. Antecede igitur, Augustine, ut poëta dignum est: latus tuum claudam. :{{sc|aug}}. Bone Deus, quantum comitum, quantam pompam nobiscum ducimus! Dici non potest, Christiane, quantum mihi placeam. Satrapes mihi videor. :{{sc|ch}}. Age, nunc promissum praesta. Solve, quod recepisti. :{{sc|aug}}. Quid me potissimum vis dicere? :{{sc|ch}}. Ego quondam in Pollionis oratione quum multa, tum illud inprimis solebam admirari, quod tam facile, tam crebro, tam venuste orationem verteret: quae res non modo singularis ingenii, verum etiam multi usus mihi videtur. :{{sc|aug}}. Haud iniuria istud in Pollione admiratus es, Christiane. Ille enim tum hac in re divinam quandam vim obtinet, quam quidem illi cum ingenii dexteritate quadam, tum plurimo et dicendi, et legendi, et scribendi usu contigisse opinor, potius quam ratione aliqua, aut praeceptione. :{{sc|ch}}. At ego rationem aliquam istius rei, si fieri potest, exspecto. :{{sc|aug}}. Ita, ut dixi, res habet. Verum quia te tantopere<noinclude><references/></noinclude> iru46cd4mhcgz55uuu6lafyyzkx5gs8 104 34842 265323 155781 2026-05-12T05:01:14Z Rusticatio 30501 265323 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ser be etre shi" />COPIAE COMPENDIUM. 95</noinclude><section begin="conviviumprofanum"/>video velle, quantum potero, morem geram, easque ratiunculas, quas in Pollionis orationibus mihi visus sum animadvertere, ut potero, reddam. :{{sc|ch}}. Age, percupio.<section end="conviviumprofanum"/> <section begin="copiaecompendium"/>{{center|''Brevis de copia praeceptio.''}} :{{sc|aug}}. Accingor. Principio res ipsa puris, electis ac Latinis verbis efferenda est: quod ipsum posse, non mediocris artificis est. Sunt enim permulti, qui nescio quo modo copiam et varietatem orationis affectant, quum ne semel quidem rem possint apte explicare. Isti, tanquam semel balbutisse sit parum, balbutiem suam aliis atque aliis modis reddunt balbiorem, tanquam ipsi secum certamen susceperint, ut, quam barbarissime dici possit, dicant. Itaque inepti synonyma quaedam congerunt, adeo interdum inter se dissidentia, ut ipsa mirentur, quo pacto convenerint. Quid enim absurdius, quam hominem pannosum, cui ne una quidem, quam sine pudore possit induere, sit vestis, eum tamen subinde suos pannos mutare, ac mendicitatem suam pro opibus ostentare? At nihilo minus ridiculi videntur isti varietatis affectatores, qui quum barbare semel dixerunt, repetunt idem multo barbarius, demum iterum atque iterum indoctius. Hoc est non oratione, sed soloecismis abundare. In primis igitur, ut dixi, res ipsa aptis atque electis verbis est explicanda. Deinde mutatoris verbis utendum, si qua, quae idem efficiant, reperiantur: reperiuntur enim permulta. Demum ubi propria deficient, translatitiis erit utendum, si modo verecunda sit translatio. Ea quoque ubi deerunt, si per activa dixisti, ad passiva revertendum erit, quae nobis totidem orationes reddunt, quot ex activis constabant. Postea verba, si licebit, aut in nomina verbalia, aut in participia commutabimus. Postremo, ubi modo adverbia in nomina, modo nomina in alias atque alias partes commutaverimus,<section end="copiaecompendium"/><noinclude><references/></noinclude> 4uknpqcrlyodp561mffwtho9be87lnv 265324 265323 2026-05-12T05:03:43Z Rusticatio 30501 265324 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ser be etre shi" />COPIAE COMPENDIUM. 95</noinclude><section begin="conviviumprofanum"/>video velle, quantum potero, morem geram, easque ratiunculas, quas in Pollionis orationibus mihi visus sum animadvertere, ut potero, reddam. :{{sc|ch}}. Age, percupio.<section end="conviviumprofanum"/> <section begin="copiaecompendium"/>{{center|''Brevis de copia praeceptio.''}} :{{sc|aug}}. Accingor. Principio res ipsa puris, electis ac Latinis verbis efferenda est: quod ipsum posse, non mediocris artificis est. Sunt enim permulti, qui nescio quo modo copiam et varietatem orationis affectant, quum ne semel quidem rem possint apte explicare. Isti, tanquam semel balbutisse sit parum, balbutiem suam aliis atque aliis modis reddunt balbiorem, tanquam ipsi secum certamen susceperint, ut, quam barbarissime dici possit, dicant. Itaque inepti synonyma quaedam congerunt, adeo interdum inter se dissidentia, ut ipsa mirentur, quo pacto convenerint. Quid enim absurdius, quam hominem pannosum, cui ne una quidem, quam sine pudore possit induere, sit vestis, eum tamen subinde suos pannos mutare, ac mendicitatem suam pro opibus ostentare? At nihilo minus ridiculi videntur isti varietatis affectatores, qui quum barbare semel dixerunt, repetunt idem multo barbarius, demum iterum atque iterum indoctius. Hoc est non oratione, sed soloecismis abundare. In primis igitur, ut dixi, res ipsa aptis atque electis verbis est explicanda. Deinde mutatoriis verbis utendum, si qua, quae idem efficiant, reperiantur: reperiuntur enim permulta. Demum ubi propria deficient, translatitiis erit utendum, si modo verecunda sit translatio. Ea quoque ubi deerunt, si per activa dixisti, ad passiva revertendum erit, quae nobis totidem orationes reddunt, quot ex activis constabant. Postea verba, si licebit, aut in nomina verbalia, aut in participia commutabimus. Postremo, ubi modo adverbia in nomina, modo nomina in alias atque alias partes commutaverimus,<section end="copiaecompendium"/><noinclude><references/></noinclude> 9ng3tdtpdpi0qht9750nyev6a70rf5a 104 72175 265309 265128 2026-05-11T17:22:38Z JimKillock 19003 265309 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="EnaldoSS" />{{rh|230|{{sc|GeorgI MarcgravI}}|}}</noinclude>debatur. Dedi illum Clari{{s}}{{s}}imo Anatomico no{{s}}tro Profe{{s}}{{s}}ori D. Valkenburgio, qui illum incidit {{et}} diligenter ob{{s}}ervavit: Umbelicum illum autem quem vocant, è quo ob{{s}}ervaveram {{s}}{{ae}}pe humorem aliquem prodire lacti haud ab{{s}}imilem, judicavit e{{s}}{{s}}e mammam: quia va{{s}}a mammaria habebat, verum cum diligenter inqui{{s}}ierim ab iis qui in Bra{{s}}ilia dudum vixerunt, an catulos {{s}}uos illa parte aleret, numquam me illud potuerunt docere, quidam {{et}} negarunt, {{s}}ed {{s}}ugendum pr{{ae}}bere papillis quas {{s}}ub ventre habeat. In dor{{s}}o autem etiam {{s}}etas habebat, licet non ita cra{{s}}{{s}}as {{et}} longas quam no{{s}}trates. [[File:Historia naturalis Brasiliae 375 (cropped) 1.jpg|center|400px]] {{sc|Porcvs Gvineensis}}, {{et}} è Guinea in Bra{{s}}iliam tran{{s}}latus, figura ut no{{s}}trates {{et}} ruffi coloris: in hoc autem differ tà no{{s}}tratibus, quod caput habeat non ita elatum: aures autem longas {{et}} acutas plane {{et}} prolongatis acuminibus, caudam longam u{{s}}que ad talos propendentem, pilorum expertem. Totum corpus tegitur pilis brevibus ruffis {{s}}plendentibus, non {{s}}etis, quibus {{et}} in dor{{s}}o caret, {{s}}ed tantum ver{{s}}us caudam in dor{{s}}o {{et}} circa collum paulo longiores habet pilos. Plane cicur. [[File:Historia naturalis Brasiliae 375 (cropped) 2.jpg|right|250px]] {{sc|Capybara}} Bra{{s}}ilien{{s}}ibus, Porcus e{{s}}t fluviatilis: figuram pene porcorum habet, magnitudine ex{{ae}}quat porcum annuum vel bimum no{{s}}tratem. Longitudo corporis à capite ad anum circiter duorum pedum, cra{{s}}{{s}}ities ventris {{s}}e{{s}}quipedis. Caret cauda. Pedes quatuor porcini: anteriores quatuor ungulis, po{{s}}teriores tribus pr{{ae}}ditos. E{{s}}tque in anterioribus ungula media longi{{s}}{{s}}ima, du{{ae}} breviores, quarta minima: in po{{s}}terioribus media longior {{et}} du{{ae}} minores: habet {{et}} callum ad {{s}}uffraginem u{{s}}que. Capitis longitudo decem digitorum, {{et}} cra{{s}}{{s}}ities totidem fere: habetque cra{{s}}{{s}}um {{et}} improportionatum caput, {{et}} os longi{{s}}{{s}}imum ac cra{{s}}{{s}}um: oculos magnos, nigros, aures parvas, {{s}}ubrotundas. Inferior maxilla brevior {{s}}uperiori; continetque in utraque anterius duos dentes incurvatos, qui ad {{s}}e{{s}}quidigitum prominent extra alveolos {{s}}uos, {{et}} ad duos fere digitos {{s}}unt in{{s}}erti; {{s}}ed non eminent extra os, {{s}}ed ut in leporibus intus continentur. Dentes reliqui mirandi {{s}}unt: con{{s}}tat totus ordo in qualibet maxilla octo o{{s}}{{s}}ibus, in quolibet nimirum latere quatuor; {{et}} quodlibet os tres dentes in{{s}}eparabiles repr{{ae}}{{s}}entat: ut ita {{s}}int in qualibet maxilla dentes viginti {{et}} quatuor, {{et}} in totum quadraginta octo: {{s}}unt autem omnes in extremitatibus plani. Comedunt gramen {{et}} fructus varios. Caro comeditur, licet non bene {{s}}apiat, melior a{{s}}{{s}}a, caput inprimis. Magno numero ad ripas fluminis S{{sup|i}} Franci{{s}}ci ambulant. Natare {{et}} urinari vel maxime po{{s}}{{s}}unt. Noctu ingentem clamorem excitant {{et}} horribilem fere ut A{{s}}ini {{s}}olent. {{sc|Scivrvs}} (''quo nomine Bra{{s}}ilien{{s}}es appellent non proditur ab Auctore'') Bra{{s}}ilien{{s}}is, no{{s}}tratibus magnitudine {{et}} figura {{s}}imilis, excepto colore: os {{et}} dentes enim habent ut no{{s}}trates leporinos {{et}} pilos {{et}} barbam: oculorum pupillam c{{oe}}rule{{s}}centem, auriculas breves, obrotundas: in anterioribus pedibus quatuor digitos unguibus longis, acutis; quorum medii paulo longiores reliquis, {{et}} pr{{ae}}terea in interiori latere parvulum nigrum. Po{{s}}teriores pedes quinque<noinclude>{{rh|||habent}} <references/></noinclude> 3fwb0ogsb3i5brb9jgo6v73ws1y61tp 104 81166 265310 261724 2026-05-11T21:23:42Z Benoit Soubeyran 25250 265310 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="Benoit Soubeyran" />{{Rh|160|{{lsp|{{sc|Hotomani}}}}|}}</noinclude><section begin="20"/><i>{{c|De Capeuingiorum familia, {{et}} Regno Francogalli{{ae}} in illam translato.}}</i> {{t3|{{sc|{{lsp|Сa}}p.{{gap}}{{lsp|x}}x.}}}} {{is|d}}Emon{{s}}tratum eft fuperiùs, RegnumFran- cogalliæ his mille ducentis annis in tribus tantùm familiarum nominibus verfatum effe: quarum prima Merouingia, altera Carolouin- gia,ex auctorum & capitum nominibus appel- lata eft. Nam etfi non hæreditate (vt iam fæpe docuimus) fed Concilij iudicio Regni fuccef- fio deferretur, libenter tamen Franci Germa- norum fuorum inftitutum retinebant, vt Re- ges ex nobilitate, (quemadmodum Tacitus lo- quitur) Duces ex virtute fumerent: ac plerum- que Reges eos fibi deligerent, qui Regali fan- guine prognati, regaliter inftituti, educatique fuerant: fiue illi ex liberorum, fiue ex propin- quorum numero & gradu effent. At anno 987. mortuo Ludouicov. Rege Francogalliæ xxx1, & ex Carlouingiorum ftirpe, x11. migratio fce- ptri,regnique mutatio contigit. Nam cùm ex illa familia Carolus Lotharingiæ Dux fuperef- fet,regis demortui patruus, ad quem inftituto Gentis regni fucceffio deferenda videbatur:ex- ortus eft Hugo Capetus,Imper.Ottonis l. foro. ris Hauuidis nepos, Hugonis Comitis Parifien- fis filius: vir militari laude infignis, qui fe præ- fentem abfenti: bene de regno meritum, alie- no, vt ipfe loquebatur, præferri voluit. nam cùm inter Germaniæ imperium & regnú Gal- liz<section end="20"/><noinclude></noinclude> goinmqy1lj8j0gkyu6w2yxblr09dqwe 265311 265310 2026-05-11T21:23:53Z Benoit Soubeyran 25250 265311 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="Benoit Soubeyran" />{{Rh|160|{{lsp|{{sc|Hotomani}}}}|}}</noinclude><section begin="20"/><i>{{c|De Capeuingiorum familia, {{et}} Regno Francogalli{{ae}} in illam translato.}}</i> {{t3|{{sc|{{lsp|Сa}}p.{{gap}}{{lsp|x}}x.}}}} {{is|D}}Emon{{s}}tratum eft fuperiùs, RegnumFran- cogalliæ his mille ducentis annis in tribus tantùm familiarum nominibus verfatum effe: quarum prima Merouingia, altera Carolouin- gia,ex auctorum & capitum nominibus appel- lata eft. Nam etfi non hæreditate (vt iam fæpe docuimus) fed Concilij iudicio Regni fuccef- fio deferretur, libenter tamen Franci Germa- norum fuorum inftitutum retinebant, vt Re- ges ex nobilitate, (quemadmodum Tacitus lo- quitur) Duces ex virtute fumerent: ac plerum- que Reges eos fibi deligerent, qui Regali fan- guine prognati, regaliter inftituti, educatique fuerant: fiue illi ex liberorum, fiue ex propin- quorum numero & gradu effent. At anno 987. mortuo Ludouicov. Rege Francogalliæ xxx1, & ex Carlouingiorum ftirpe, x11. migratio fce- ptri,regnique mutatio contigit. Nam cùm ex illa familia Carolus Lotharingiæ Dux fuperef- fet,regis demortui patruus, ad quem inftituto Gentis regni fucceffio deferenda videbatur:ex- ortus eft Hugo Capetus,Imper.Ottonis l. foro. ris Hauuidis nepos, Hugonis Comitis Parifien- fis filius: vir militari laude infignis, qui fe præ- fentem abfenti: bene de regno meritum, alie- no, vt ipfe loquebatur, præferri voluit. nam cùm inter Germaniæ imperium & regnú Gal- liz<section end="20"/><noinclude></noinclude> 0p5olrb4vzaz5jgxi0eo1tv879f55l6 265312 265311 2026-05-11T21:27:23Z Benoit Soubeyran 25250 265312 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="Benoit Soubeyran" />{{Rh|160|{{lsp|{{sc|Hotomani}}}}|}}</noinclude><section begin="20"/><i>{{c|De Capeuingiorum familia, {{et}} Regno Francogalli{{ae}} in illam translato.}}</i> {{t3|{{sc|{{lsp|Сa}}p.{{gap}}{{lsp|x}}x.}}}} {{is|D}}Emon{{s}}tratum e{{s}}t {{s}}uperiùs, Regnum Francogalli{{ae}} his mille ducentis annis in tribus tantùm familiarum nominibus ver{{s}}atum e{{s}}{{s}}e : quarum prima Merouingia, altera Carolouingia, ex auctorum {{et}} capitum nominibus appellata e{{s}}t. Nam et{{s}}i non h{{ae}}reditate (vt iam {{s}}{{ae}}pe docuimus) fed Concilij iudicio Regni fuccef- fio deferretur, libenter tamen Franci Germa- norum fuorum inftitutum retinebant, vt Re- ges ex nobilitate, (quemadmodum Tacitus lo- quitur) Duces ex virtute fumerent: ac plerum- que Reges eos fibi deligerent, qui Regali fan- guine prognati, regaliter inftituti, educatique fuerant: fiue illi ex liberorum, fiue ex propin- quorum numero & gradu effent. At anno 987. mortuo Ludouicov. Rege Francogalliæ xxx1, & ex Carlouingiorum ftirpe, x11. migratio fce- ptri,regnique mutatio contigit. Nam cùm ex illa familia Carolus Lotharingiæ Dux fuperef- fet,regis demortui patruus, ad quem inftituto Gentis regni fucceffio deferenda videbatur:ex- ortus eft Hugo Capetus,Imper.Ottonis l. foro. ris Hauuidis nepos, Hugonis Comitis Parifien- fis filius: vir militari laude infignis, qui fe præ- fentem abfenti: bene de regno meritum, alie- no, vt ipfe loquebatur, præferri voluit. nam cùm inter Germaniæ imperium & regnú Gal- liz<section end="20"/><noinclude></noinclude> tfojzu977svbb0ouygkbjj3yhertc6u 265313 265312 2026-05-11T22:32:33Z Benoit Soubeyran 25250 265313 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="Benoit Soubeyran" />{{Rh|160|{{lsp|{{sc|Hotomani}}}}|}}</noinclude><section begin="20"/><i>{{c|De Capeuingiorum familia, {{et}} Regno Francogalli{{ae}} in illam translato.}}</i> {{t3|{{sc|{{lsp|Сa}}p.{{gap}}{{lsp|x}}x.}}}} {{is|D}}Emon{{s}}tratum e{{s}}t {{s}}uperiùs, Regnum Francogalli{{ae}} his mille ducentis annis in tribus tantùm familiarum nominibus ver{{s}}atum e{{s}}{{s}}e : quarum prima Merouingia, altera Carolouingia, ex auctorum {{et}} capitum nominibus appellata e{{s}}t. Nam et{{s}}i non h{{ae}}reditate (vt iam {{s}}{{ae}}pe docuimus) {{s}}ed Concilij iudicio Regni {{s}}ucce{{s}}{{s}}io deferretur, libenter tamen Franci Germanorum {{s}}uorum in{{s}}titutum retinebant, vt Reges ex nobilitate, (quemadmodum Tacitus loquitur) Duces ex virtute {{s}}umerent : ac plerumque Reges eos {{s}}ibi deligerent, qui Regali {{s}}anguine prognati, regaliter in{{s}}tituti, educatique fuerant : {{s}}iue illi ex liberorum, {{s}}iue ex propinquorum numero {{et}} gradu e{{s}}{{s}}ent. At anno 987. mortuo Ludouico v. Rege Francogalli{{ae}} {{lsp|{{sc|xxxi}}, {{et}} ex Carlouingiorum {{s}}tirpe, {{lsp|{{sc|xii}} migratio {{s}}ceptri, regnique mutatio contigit. Nam cùm ex illa familia Carolus Lotharingi{{ae}} Dux {{s}}upere{{s}{{s}}et, regis demortui patruus, ad quem in{{s}}tituto Gentis regni {{s}}ucce{{s}}{{s}}io deferenda videbatur : exortus e{{s}}t Hugo Capetus, Imper. Ottonis I. {{s}}ororis Hauuidis nepos, Hugonis Comitis Pari{{s}}ien{{s}}is filius : vir militari laude in{{s}}ignis, qui {{s}}e pr{{ae}}{{s}}entem ab{{s}}enti : bene de regno meritum, alieno, vt ip{{s}}e loquebatur, pr{{ae}}ferri voluit. nam cùm inter Germani{{ae}} imperium {{et}} regn{{um}} Gal- {{d|li{ae}}}}<section end="20"/><noinclude></noinclude> juqq1lnx7rugo2hc1d4doahp4jvkcz0 265314 265313 2026-05-11T22:33:05Z Benoit Soubeyran 25250 265314 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="Benoit Soubeyran" />{{Rh|160|{{lsp|{{sc|Hotomani}}}}|}}</noinclude><section begin="20"/><i>{{c|De Capeuingiorum familia, {{et}} Regno Francogalli{{ae}} in illam translato.}}</i> {{t3|{{sc|{{lsp|Сa}}p.{{gap}}{{lsp|x}}x.}}}} {{is|D}}Emon{{s}}tratum e{{s}}t {{s}}uperiùs, Regnum Francogalli{{ae}} his mille ducentis annis in tribus tantùm familiarum nominibus ver{{s}}atum e{{s}}{{s}}e : quarum prima Merouingia, altera Carolouingia, ex auctorum {{et}} capitum nominibus appellata e{{s}}t. Nam et{{s}}i non h{{ae}}reditate (vt iam {{s}}{{ae}}pe docuimus) {{s}}ed Concilij iudicio Regni {{s}}ucce{{s}}{{s}}io deferretur, libenter tamen Franci Germanorum {{s}}uorum in{{s}}titutum retinebant, vt Reges ex nobilitate, (quemadmodum Tacitus loquitur) Duces ex virtute {{s}}umerent : ac plerumque Reges eos {{s}}ibi deligerent, qui Regali {{s}}anguine prognati, regaliter in{{s}}tituti, educatique fuerant : {{s}}iue illi ex liberorum, {{s}}iue ex propinquorum numero {{et}} gradu e{{s}}{{s}}ent. At anno 987. mortuo Ludouico v. Rege Francogalli{{ae}} {{lsp|{{sc|xxxi}}}}, {{et}} ex Carlouingiorum {{s}}tirpe, {{lsp|{{sc|xii}}}} migratio {{s}}ceptri, regnique mutatio contigit. Nam cùm ex illa familia Carolus Lotharingi{{ae}} Dux {{s}}upere{{s}{{s}}et, regis demortui patruus, ad quem in{{s}}tituto Gentis regni {{s}}ucce{{s}}{{s}}io deferenda videbatur : exortus e{{s}}t Hugo Capetus, Imper. Ottonis I. {{s}}ororis Hauuidis nepos, Hugonis Comitis Pari{{s}}ien{{s}}is filius : vir militari laude in{{s}}ignis, qui {{s}}e pr{{ae}}{{s}}entem ab{{s}}enti : bene de regno meritum, alieno, vt ip{{s}}e loquebatur, pr{{ae}}ferri voluit. nam cùm inter Germani{{ae}} imperium {{et}} regn{{um}} Gal- {{d|li{{ae}}}}<section end="20"/><noinclude></noinclude> 7ioqbo2bk80se1ed7iks98i6w62jbgx 265315 265314 2026-05-11T22:33:27Z Benoit Soubeyran 25250 /* Emendata */ 265315 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Benoit Soubeyran" />{{Rh|160|{{lsp|{{sc|Hotomani}}}}|}}</noinclude><section begin="20"/><i>{{c|De Capeuingiorum familia, {{et}} Regno Francogalli{{ae}} in illam translato.}}</i> {{t3|{{sc|{{lsp|Сa}}p.{{gap}}{{lsp|x}}x.}}}} {{is|D}}Emon{{s}}tratum e{{s}}t {{s}}uperiùs, Regnum Francogalli{{ae}} his mille ducentis annis in tribus tantùm familiarum nominibus ver{{s}}atum e{{s}}{{s}}e : quarum prima Merouingia, altera Carolouingia, ex auctorum {{et}} capitum nominibus appellata e{{s}}t. Nam et{{s}}i non h{{ae}}reditate (vt iam {{s}}{{ae}}pe docuimus) {{s}}ed Concilij iudicio Regni {{s}}ucce{{s}}{{s}}io deferretur, libenter tamen Franci Germanorum {{s}}uorum in{{s}}titutum retinebant, vt Reges ex nobilitate, (quemadmodum Tacitus loquitur) Duces ex virtute {{s}}umerent : ac plerumque Reges eos {{s}}ibi deligerent, qui Regali {{s}}anguine prognati, regaliter in{{s}}tituti, educatique fuerant : {{s}}iue illi ex liberorum, {{s}}iue ex propinquorum numero {{et}} gradu e{{s}}{{s}}ent. At anno 987. mortuo Ludouico v. Rege Francogalli{{ae}} {{lsp|{{sc|xxxi}}}}, {{et}} ex Carlouingiorum {{s}}tirpe, {{lsp|{{sc|xii}}}} migratio {{s}}ceptri, regnique mutatio contigit. Nam cùm ex illa familia Carolus Lotharingi{{ae}} Dux {{s}}upere{{s}{{s}}et, regis demortui patruus, ad quem in{{s}}tituto Gentis regni {{s}}ucce{{s}}{{s}}io deferenda videbatur : exortus e{{s}}t Hugo Capetus, Imper. Ottonis I. {{s}}ororis Hauuidis nepos, Hugonis Comitis Pari{{s}}ien{{s}}is filius : vir militari laude in{{s}}ignis, qui {{s}}e pr{{ae}}{{s}}entem ab{{s}}enti : bene de regno meritum, alieno, vt ip{{s}}e loquebatur, pr{{ae}}ferri voluit. nam cùm inter Germani{{ae}} imperium {{et}} regn{{um}} Gal- {{d|li{{ae}}}}<section end="20"/><noinclude></noinclude> d89amh3p8qr42r26toakc4rhtcaljqb 104 81814 265327 264732 2026-05-12T09:08:42Z Saumache 27923 /* Emendata */ 265327 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Saumache" />{{rh||LIBER V 33 — 37|165}}</noinclude><poem>{{gap|10em}}{{spatium|raptus de subere cortex}}.<ref>[[Aeneis/Liber VII#740|Aeneis 7.742]]</ref></poem>idem in {{spatium|{{wl|Q546203|bucolico}}}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Tum Phaethontiadas musco circumdat amarae {{gap|4em}}Corticis atque solo proceras erigit alnos}}.<ref>[[Eclogae vel bucolica/Ecloga VI#60|Eclogae 6.62]]</ref></poem>‘vervex’ etiam, cuius finalis syllaba naturaliter producitur, masculinum est, {{spatium|{{wl|Q193800|Iuvenalis}}}} in {{spatium|I}}:<poem>{{gap|8em}}{{spatium|et elixi vervecis labra comedit}}.<ref>[[Saturae (Iuvenalis, Bucheler)/Liber I/Satura III#290|Saturae (Iuvenalis) 1.3.294]]</ref></poem>{{r|37|VII 37}}adiectiva vero omnia in x desinentia, sive e sive quacumque vocali alia antecedente, communia sunt trium generum, ut ‘hic’ et ‘haec’ et ‘hoc simplex’, ‘artifex’. In ‘ix’, si paenultima brevis est, masculina sunt: ‘hic călix’, ‘hic vărix’. excipitur ‘haec sălix’ et ‘haec fĭlix’. {{spatium|{{wl|Q1398|Virgilius}}}} in {{spatium|I {{wl|Q674439|georgicon}}}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Et filicem curvis invisam pascit aratris}}.<ref>[[Georgicon (Greenough)/Liber II#185|Georgicon 2.189]]</ref></poem>alia vero feminina sunt: ‘haec mātrix’, ‘cōrnix’, ‘lōdix’, et omnia verbalia, ut ‘vietrix’, ‘nutrix’, ‘meretrix’, ‘natrix’ – quod tamen, cum speciem anguis significat, masculini quoque invenitur. {{spatium|{{wl|Q188646|Lucanus}}}} in {{spatium|VII}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Et natrix violator aquae}}.<ref>[[Pharsalia/VII#720|Pharsalia 9.720]]</ref></poem>potest tamen hoc et figurate ad serpentem videri redditum, quod etiam feminino genere profertur, ut idem:<poem>{{gap|16em}}{{spatium|hinc maxima serpens {{gap|4em}}Python}},<ref>[[Pharsalia/VI#405|Pharsalia 6.407-408]]</ref></poem>sicut:<poem>{{gap|10em}}{{spatium|Praeneste sub ipsa}}<ref>[[Aeneis/Liber VIII#560|Aeneis 8.561]]</ref> –,</poem><noinclude><references/></noinclude> p5ceqym1lm11e5or4oitj42um3u6jgx 265328 265327 2026-05-12T09:11:55Z Saumache 27923 265328 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Saumache" />{{rh||LIBER V 33 — 37|165}}</noinclude><poem>{{gap|10em}}{{spatium|raptus de subere cortex}}.<ref>[[Aeneis/Liber VII#740|Aeneis 7.742]]</ref></poem>idem in {{spatium|{{wl|Q546203|bucolico}}}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Tum Phaethontiadas musco circumdat amarae {{gap|4em}}Corticis atque solo proceras erigit alnos}}.<ref>[[Eclogae vel bucolica/Ecloga VI#60|Eclogae 6.62]]</ref></poem>‘vervex’ etiam, cuius finalis syllaba naturaliter producitur, masculinum est, {{spatium|{{wl|Q193800|Iuvenalis}}}} in {{spatium|I}}:<poem>{{gap|8em}}{{spatium|et elixi vervecis labra comedit}}.<ref>[[Saturae (Iuvenalis, Bucheler)/Liber I/Satura III#290|Saturae (Iuvenalis) 1.3.294]]</ref></poem>{{r|37|VII 37}}adiectiva vero omnia in x desinentia, sive e sive quacumque vocali alia antecedente, communia sunt trium generum, ut ‘hic’ et ‘haec’ et ‘hoc simplex’, ‘artifex’. <p>In ‘ix’, si paenultima brevis est, masculina sunt: ‘hic călix’, ‘hic vărix’. excipitur ‘haec sălix’ et ‘haec fĭlix’. {{spatium|{{wl|Q1398|Virgilius}}}} in {{spatium|I {{wl|Q674439|georgicon}}}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Et filicem curvis invisam pascit aratris}}.<ref>[[Georgicon (Greenough)/Liber II#185|Georgicon 2.189]]</ref></poem>alia vero feminina sunt: ‘haec mātrix’, ‘cōrnix’, ‘lōdix’, et omnia verbalia, ut ‘vietrix’, ‘nutrix’, ‘meretrix’, ‘natrix’ – quod tamen, cum speciem anguis significat, masculini quoque invenitur. {{spatium|{{wl|Q188646|Lucanus}}}} in {{spatium|VII}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Et natrix violator aquae}}.<ref>[[Pharsalia/VII#720|Pharsalia 9.720]]</ref></poem>potest tamen hoc et figurate ad serpentem videri redditum, quod etiam feminino genere profertur, ut idem:<poem>{{gap|16em}}{{spatium|hinc maxima serpens {{gap|4em}}Python}},<ref>[[Pharsalia/VI#405|Pharsalia 6.407-408]]</ref></poem>sicut:<poem>{{gap|10em}}{{spatium|Praeneste sub ipsa}}<ref>[[Aeneis/Liber VIII#560|Aeneis 8.561]]</ref> –,</poem><noinclude><references/></noinclude> q2vifyjgtc5uh3u4vv8wpay95uxdfs5 104 81815 265329 264260 2026-05-12T09:20:53Z Saumache 27923 /* Emendata */ 265329 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Saumache" />{{rh|166|PRISCIANI INST.}}</noinclude>‘obstetrix’ quoque pro ‘obstitrix’. {{r|38}}excipitur ‘hic fornix’, quod quamvis paenultimam positione longam habuit, tamen masculinum est. adiectiva supra dictam servant generum regulam: ‘hic’ et ‘haec’ et ‘hoc pernix’, ‘felix’. sciendum tamen, quod in verbalibus in ‘trix’ terminantibus invenimus obliquos casus coniungi solere etiam neutris, ut ‘victrici signo’, unde:<poem>{{gap|12em}}{{spatium|victricia tollite signa}},<ref>[[Pharsalia/I#345|Pharsalia 1.347]]</ref></poem>quamvis ‘hoc victrix’ non memini me legisse, etsi analogia declinationis exigat. <p>In ‘ox’ omnia adiectiva sunt: ‘velox’, ‘pernox’, ‘ferox’, excepto uno ‘celox’ (species est navis) et monosyllabis, de quibus supra dictum est: ‘haec vox’, ‘nox’. <p>In ‘ux’ supra syllabam masculina sunt propria: ‘Pollux’, ‘Volux’; unum commune, quod n habet interpositam in nominativo et eam in obliquis casibus amittit, ‘hic’ et ‘haec coniunx coniugis’. sunt tamen, qui nominativum quoque putant sine n scribendum. <p>{{r|39}}In ‘yx’ Graeca sunt et servant eadem apud nos genera: ‘Phryx’, ‘Eryx’, ‘ Styx’, ‘sandyx’. <p>Breviter quoque de generibus in x terminantium sic possumus dicere, quod in x desinentia adiectiva communia sunt trium generum, ut ‘hic’ et ‘haec’ et ‘hoc audax’, ‘artifex’, ‘felix, ‘velox’, appellativa vero ad utrumque sexum hominum pertinentia communia utriusque, ut ‘hic’ et ‘haec coniunx, dux’, quae autem ad solos mares pertinent, masculina, et quae ad feminas, feminina, ut ‘hic rex’, ‘haec paelex’. Graeca vero sive notha eadem servant οἱ apud nos genera, quomodo et barbara, ut ‘hic Phaeax’,<noinclude><references/></noinclude> 5s60x295sjp83ah2p3gs6rf53bcw6cu 104 81816 265330 264747 2026-05-12T09:35:22Z Saumache 27923 /* Emendata */ 265330 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Saumache" />{{rh||LIBER V 38 — 40|167}}</noinclude>‘Aiax’, ‘calix’ ({{graeca|''ἀπὸ τοῦ κύλιξ''}}), ‘Pollux’, ‘Atax’, ‘Volux’, ‘haec Sphinx’, ‘nox’. reliqua supra syllabam, nisi sint fetus terrae, e ante x habentia masculina sunt, ut ‘hic cimex’, ‘vertex’, ‘apex’, ‘vervex’. excipitur ‘supellex’. alia vero omnia in x desinentia feminina sunt, ut ‘haec pax’, ‘nux’, ‘crux’, ‘ilex’, ‘salix᾽, ‘carex’, ‘filix’ {{graeca|''ἄγρωστις''}}, ‘fornax’, ‘vibix’ {{graeca|''μώλωψ''}}, ‘celox’. excipiuntur ‘hic grex’, ‘varix’, ‘fornix’, et ‘hic’ et ‘haec cortex’, ‘silex’. <p>{{r|40}}In t neutra sunt, ut ‘caput’, ‘sinciput’, ‘occiput’, ‘git’ {{graeca|''μελάνϑιον''}, ‘Nepet’, oppidi nomen. <p>In duas desinentia consonantes, si sint adiectiva, communia sunt trium generum, ut ‘hic’ et ‘haec’ et ‘hoc expers’, ‘prudens’, ‘inops’, ‘insons’. in his sunt ponenda et illa omnia, quae apud Graecos vel communia sunt vel faciunt ex se feminina: ‘princeps’ – {{graeca|''ὁ ἀρχηγὸς καὶ ἡ ἀρχηγός''}}. {{spatium|{{wl|Q1398|Virgilius}}}} in {{spatium|X}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Tu mihi nunc pugnae princeps, tu rite propinques {{gap|4em}}Augurium Phrygibusque adsis pede, diva, secundo}}<ref>[[Aeneis/Liber X#250|Aeneis 10.250]]</ref> –,</poem>‘municeps’ – {{graeca|''ὁ συντελεστὴς καὶ ἡ συντελέστρια ἢ ὃ πολίτης καὶ ἡ πολῖτις''}}. {{spatium|{{wl|Q193800|Iuvenalis}}}} in {{spatium|quinto}}:<poem>{{gap|10}}{{spatium|municipes Iovis advexisse lagoenas}}<ref>[[Saturae (Iuvenalis, Bucheler)/Liber V/Satura XIV#270|Saturae (Iuvenalis) 5.14.271]]</ref> –,</poem><noinclude><references/></noinclude> 4pt4wiwmpqn47u557ejde5twixafqwv 265331 265330 2026-05-12T09:35:56Z Saumache 27923 265331 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Saumache" />{{rh||LIBER V 38 — 40|167}}</noinclude>‘Aiax’, ‘calix’ ({{graeca|''ἀπὸ τοῦ κύλιξ''}}), ‘Pollux’, ‘Atax’, ‘Volux’, ‘haec Sphinx’, ‘nox’. reliqua supra syllabam, nisi sint fetus terrae, e ante x habentia masculina sunt, ut ‘hic cimex’, ‘vertex’, ‘apex’, ‘vervex’. excipitur ‘supellex’. alia vero omnia in x desinentia feminina sunt, ut ‘haec pax’, ‘nux’, ‘crux’, ‘ilex’, ‘salix᾽, ‘carex’, ‘filix’ {{graeca|''ἄγρωστις''}}, ‘fornax’, ‘vibix’ {{graeca|''μώλωψ''}}, ‘celox’. excipiuntur ‘hic grex’, ‘varix’, ‘fornix’, et ‘hic’ et ‘haec cortex’, ‘silex’. <p>{{r|40}}In t neutra sunt, ut ‘caput’, ‘sinciput’, ‘occiput’, ‘git’ {{graeca|''μελάνϑιον''}, ‘Nepet’, oppidi nomen. <p>In duas desinentia consonantes, si sint adiectiva, communia sunt trium generum, ut ‘hic’ et ‘haec’ et ‘hoc expers’, ‘prudens’, ‘inops’, ‘insons’. in his sunt ponenda et illa omnia, quae apud Graecos vel communia sunt vel faciunt ex se feminina: ‘princeps’ – {{graeca|''ὁ ἀρχηγὸς καὶ ἡ ἀρχηγός''}}. {{spatium|{{wl|Q1398|Virgilius}}}} in {{spatium|X}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Tu mihi nunc pugnae princeps, tu rite propinques {{gap|4em}}Augurium Phrygibusque adsis pede, diva, secundo}}<ref>[[Aeneis/Liber X#250|Aeneis 10.250]]</ref> –,</poem>‘municeps’ – {{graeca|''ὁ συντελεστὴς καὶ ἡ συντελέστρια ἢ ὃ πολίτης καὶ ἡ πολῖτις''}}. {{spatium|{{wl|Q193800|Iuvenalis}}}} in {{spatium|quinto}}:<poem>{{gap|10em}}{{spatium|municipes Iovis advexisse lagoenas}}<ref>[[Saturae (Iuvenalis, Bucheler)/Liber V/Satura XIV#270|Saturae (Iuvenalis) 5.14.271]]</ref> –,</poem><noinclude><references/></noinclude> 9zp1ya3q04g0ulnyi7zgyj1ibg58eeb 265332 265331 2026-05-12T09:36:33Z Saumache 27923 265332 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Saumache" />{{rh||LIBER V 38 — 40|167}}</noinclude>‘Aiax’, ‘calix’ ({{graeca|''ἀπὸ τοῦ κύλιξ''}}), ‘Pollux’, ‘Atax’, ‘Volux’, ‘haec Sphinx’, ‘nox’. reliqua supra syllabam, nisi sint fetus terrae, e ante x habentia masculina sunt, ut ‘hic cimex’, ‘vertex’, ‘apex’, ‘vervex’. excipitur ‘supellex’. alia vero omnia in x desinentia feminina sunt, ut ‘haec pax’, ‘nux’, ‘crux’, ‘ilex’, ‘salix᾽, ‘carex’, ‘filix’ {{graeca|''ἄγρωστις''}}, ‘fornax’, ‘vibix’ {{graeca|''μώλωψ''}}, ‘celox’. excipiuntur ‘hic grex’, ‘varix’, ‘fornix’, et ‘hic’ et ‘haec cortex’, ‘silex’. <p>{{r|40}}In t neutra sunt, ut ‘caput’, ‘sinciput’, ‘occiput’, ‘git’ {{graeca|''μελάνϑιον''}, ‘Nepet’, oppidi nomen. <p>In duas desinentia consonantes, si sint adiectiva, communia sunt trium generum, ut ‘hic’ et ‘haec’ et ‘hoc expers’, ‘prudens’, ‘inops’, ‘insons’. in his sunt ponenda et illa omnia, quae apud Graecos vel communia sunt vel faciunt ex se feminina: ‘princeps’ – {{graeca|''ὁ ἀρχηγὸς καὶ ἡ ἀρχηγός''}}. {{spatium|{{wl|Q1398|Virgilius}}}} in {{spatium|X}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Tu mihi nunc pugnae princeps, tu rite propinques {{gap|4em}}Augurium Phrygibusque adsis pede, diva, secundo}}<ref>[[Aeneis/Liber X#250|Aeneis 10.250]]</ref> –,</poem>‘municeps’ – {{graeca|''ὁ συντελεστὴς καὶ ἡ συντελέστρια ἢ ὃ πολίτης καὶ ἡ πολῖτις''}}. {{spatium|{{wl|Q193800|Iuvenalis}}}} in {{spatium|quinto}}:<poem>{{gap|8em}}{{spatium|municipes Iovis advexisse lagoenas}}<ref>[[Saturae (Iuvenalis, Bucheler)/Liber V/Satura XIV#270|Saturae (Iuvenalis) 5.14.271]]</ref> –,</poem><noinclude><references/></noinclude> 1nu653rt5yvcwswhwk1a6w5d135rwdz 265341 265332 2026-05-12T10:48:11Z Saumache 27923 265341 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Saumache" />{{rh||LIBER V 38 — 40|167}}</noinclude>‘Aiax’, ‘calix’ ({{graeca|''ἀπὸ τοῦ κύλιξ''}}), ‘Pollux’, ‘Atax’, ‘Volux’, ‘haec Sphinx’, ‘nox’. reliqua supra syllabam, nisi sint fetus terrae, e ante x habentia masculina sunt, ut ‘hic cimex’, ‘vertex’, ‘apex’, ‘vervex’. excipitur ‘supellex’. alia vero omnia in x desinentia feminina sunt, ut ‘haec pax’, ‘nux’, ‘crux’, ‘ilex’, ‘salix᾽, ‘carex’, ‘filix’ {{graeca|''ἄγρωστις''}}, ‘fornax’, ‘vibix’ {{graeca|''μώλωψ''}}, ‘celox’. excipiuntur ‘hic grex’, ‘varix’, ‘fornix’, et ‘hic’ et ‘haec cortex’, ‘silex’. <p>{{r|40}}In t neutra sunt, ut ‘caput’, ‘sinciput’, ‘occiput’, ‘git’ {{graeca|''μελάνϑιον''}}, ‘Nepet’, oppidi nomen. <p>In duas desinentia consonantes, si sint adiectiva, communia sunt trium generum, ut ‘hic’ et ‘haec’ et ‘hoc expers’, ‘prudens’, ‘inops’, ‘insons’. in his sunt ponenda et illa omnia, quae apud Graecos vel communia sunt vel faciunt ex se feminina: ‘princeps’ – {{graeca|''ὁ ἀρχηγὸς καὶ ἡ ἀρχηγός''}}. {{spatium|{{wl|Q1398|Virgilius}}}} in {{spatium|X}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Tu mihi nunc pugnae princeps, tu rite propinques {{gap|4em}}Augurium Phrygibusque adsis pede, diva, secundo}}<ref>[[Aeneis/Liber X#250|Aeneis 10.250]]</ref> –,</poem>‘municeps’ – {{graeca|''ὁ συντελεστὴς καὶ ἡ συντελέστρια ἢ ὃ πολίτης καὶ ἡ πολῖτις''}}. {{spatium|{{wl|Q193800|Iuvenalis}}}} in {{spatium|quinto}}:<poem>{{gap|8em}}{{spatium|municipes Iovis advexisse lagoenas}}<ref>[[Saturae (Iuvenalis, Bucheler)/Liber V/Satura XIV#270|Saturae (Iuvenalis) 5.14.271]]</ref> –,</poem><noinclude><references/></noinclude> k9ym62rjklb9zdubnukf9skyh0jtpco 104 81817 265333 264737 2026-05-12T09:51:32Z Saumache 27923 /* Emendata */ 265333 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Saumache" />{{rh|168|PRISCIANI INST.}}</noinclude>‘parens’ – {{graeca|''ὁ γονεὺς καὶ ἡ γονεῦς''}} –. quae quamvis possint figurate neutris quoque adiungi, in plurali tamen numero deficit eorum secundum neutra terminatio, et fortassis quia aliud significant ‘principia’, ‘municipia’, ‘parentia’; nec apud Graecos tamen habent neutra {{graeca|''γονεύς''}} nec {graeca|''πολίτης''}}, quae non sunt adiectiva. {{r|41}}alia vero, si sint monosyllaba, feminina sunt: ‘ars’, ‘fors’, ‘gens’, ‘mors’, ‘lens’, ‘frons’, ‘mens’, ‘pars’, ‘sors’, ‘scrobs’ – {{spatium|{{wl|Q7198|Ovidius}}}} in {{spatium|VII {{wl|Q184742|metamophoseon}}}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Haud procul egesta scrobibus tellure duabus}}.<ref>[[Metamorphoses (Ovidius)/Liber VII#240|Metamorphoses (Ovidius) 7.243]]</ref></poem>et masculino tamen genere invenitur. {{spatium|{{wl|Q47160|Plautus}}}} in {{spatium|{{wl|Q475025|Amphitrione}}}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Ibi scrobes effodito tu plus sexagenos in dies}}<ref>[[Amphitruo (Leo)#1034n|Amphitruo 1034n]]</ref> –,</poem>‘ops’, ‘stips’, ‘trabs’, ‘stirps’, quod etiam masculinum invenitur et maxime in arboribus, ‘urbs’, ‘puls’, exceptis ‘mons’, ‘fons’, ‘pons’, ‘dens’, ‘Mars’. quae vero supra syllabam sunt, si sint propria vel in ‘ps’ desinentia, masculina sunt: ‘Arruns’, ‘Vfens’, ‘Cinyps’, ‘Mavors’, ‘manceps’, ‘adeps’ {{graeca|''τὸ λίπος''}}, ‘forceps’, ‘auceps’, quae tamen veteres etiam feminino genere protulerunt. {{spatium|{{wl|Q206119|Varro}}}} in {{spatium|II {{wl|Q1180731|rerum rusticarum}}: adipe suilla}}.<ref>[[Rerum rusticarum/II#II.16|Rerum rusticarum 2.2.16]] sive [[Rerum rusticarum/II#XI.7|2.11.7]]</ref> {{spatium|{{wl|Q8809|Marsus}}}}:<poem>{{gap|8em}}{{spatium|adipis pondo triginta vetustae}}.<ref>deest</ref></poem>{{spatium|{{wl|Q962769|Novius}}}} in {{spatium|{{wl||lignaria}}}}:<noinclude><references/></noinclude> 0nsm4f0kigbojh5pjcfmucv5g702tu4 265340 265333 2026-05-12T10:47:44Z Saumache 27923 265340 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Saumache" />{{rh|168|PRISCIANI INST.}}</noinclude>‘parens’ – {{graeca|''ὁ γονεὺς καὶ ἡ γονεῦς''}} –. quae quamvis possint figurate neutris quoque adiungi, in plurali tamen numero deficit eorum secundum neutra terminatio, et fortassis quia aliud significant ‘principia’, ‘municipia’, ‘parentia’; nec apud Graecos tamen habent neutra {{graeca|''γονεύς''}} nec {{graeca|''πολίτης''}}, quae non sunt adiectiva. {{r|41}}alia vero, si sint monosyllaba, feminina sunt: ‘ars’, ‘fors’, ‘gens’, ‘mors’, ‘lens’, ‘frons’, ‘mens’, ‘pars’, ‘sors’, ‘scrobs’ – {{spatium|{{wl|Q7198|Ovidius}}}} in {{spatium|VII {{wl|Q184742|metamophoseon}}}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Haud procul egesta scrobibus tellure duabus}}.<ref>[[Metamorphoses (Ovidius)/Liber VII#240|Metamorphoses (Ovidius) 7.243]]</ref></poem>et masculino tamen genere invenitur. {{spatium|{{wl|Q47160|Plautus}}}} in {{spatium|{{wl|Q475025|Amphitrione}}}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Ibi scrobes effodito tu plus sexagenos in dies}}<ref>[[Amphitruo (Leo)#1034n|Amphitruo 1034n]]</ref> –,</poem>‘ops’, ‘stips’, ‘trabs’, ‘stirps’, quod etiam masculinum invenitur et maxime in arboribus, ‘urbs’, ‘puls’, exceptis ‘mons’, ‘fons’, ‘pons’, ‘dens’, ‘Mars’. quae vero supra syllabam sunt, si sint propria vel in ‘ps’ desinentia, masculina sunt: ‘Arruns’, ‘Vfens’, ‘Cinyps’, ‘Mavors’, ‘manceps’, ‘adeps’ {{graeca|''τὸ λίπος''}}, ‘forceps’, ‘auceps’, quae tamen veteres etiam feminino genere protulerunt. {{spatium|{{wl|Q206119|Varro}}}} in {{spatium|II {{wl|Q1180731|rerum rusticarum}}: adipe suilla}}.<ref>[[Rerum rusticarum/II#II.16|Rerum rusticarum 2.2.16]] sive [[Rerum rusticarum/II#XI.7|2.11.7]]</ref> {{spatium|{{wl|Q8809|Marsus}}}}:<poem>{{gap|8em}}{{spatium|adipis pondo triginta vetustae}}.<ref>deest</ref></poem>{{spatium|{{wl|Q962769|Novius}}}} in {{spatium|{{wl||lignaria}}}}:<noinclude><references/></noinclude> tndfawu6xn3xbquzkua2zs5b3ogfyqs 104 81818 265334 264753 2026-05-12T09:58:14Z Saumache 27923 /* Emendata */ 265334 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Saumache" />{{rh||LIBER V 40 — 43|169}}</noinclude><poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Signare oportet frontem calida forcipe}}.<ref>deest</ref></poem>cetera vero feminina sunt: ‘hiems’, ‘cohors’. <p>{{r|42|VIII 42}}In ‘aus’ feminina sunt: ‘fraus’, ‘laus’. <p>In ‘aes’ diphthongum unum masculinum: ‘praes praedis’, et unum neutrum: ‘aes aeris’. <p>Sciendum tamen, quod vetustissimi in multis, ut diximus, supra dictarum terminationum inveniuntur confudisse genera, nulla significationis differentia coacti, sed sola auctoritate, ut ‘hic’ et 'haec aspergo’, ‘alvus’, ‘arcus’, ‘adeps’ vel ‘adipes’, ‘charta’, ‘cardo’, ‘cinis’ vel ‘ciner’, ‘cervix’, ‘collis’, ‘crux’, ‘calx’, ‘cupressus’, ‘platanus’, ‘populus’, ‘laurus’, ‘aquila’, ‘crinis’, ‘carbasus’, ‘colus’, ‘hic’ et ‘haec cassis’, 'clunis’, ‘hic’ et ‘haec †conscia’, ‘callis’, ‘fornax’, ‘frutex’, ‘grex’, ‘frons frontis’, ‘hic’ et ‘haec humus’, ‘imbrex’, ‘limus’, ‘latex’ – {{spatium|{{wl|Q311287|Accius}}}}:<poem>{{gap|10em}}{{spatium|non calida latice lautus}}<ref>deest</ref> -,</poem>‘lembus’, ‘linter’, ‘lepus’, ‘agnus’, ‘leo’, ‘pampinus’, ‘perdix’, ‘hic’ et ‘haec palumbes’, ‘hic’ et ‘haec faex’, ‘rudens’ {{graeca|''ὁ πρότονος''}}, ‘socrus’, ‘supparus’ {{graeca|''περιώμιον''}} et ‘hoc supparum’, ‘senex’, ‘stirps’, 'torris’ {{graeca|''ὁ δαλός''}}, ‘tiaras’, ‘Tibris’, ‘amnis’, ‘torquis’, ‘trames’, ‘vesper’, ‘hi’ et ‘hae vepres’. {{r|43}}in multis aliis etiam confudisse genera vetustissimi inveniuntur sive in eisdem terminationibus seu immutantes eas. neutra quoque<noinclude><references/></noinclude> 7xh2eir4mvcq0cgbxwvuqcjwy4mkccm 265342 265334 2026-05-12T10:49:01Z Saumache 27923 265342 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Saumache" />{{rh||LIBER V 40 — 43|169}}</noinclude><poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Signare oportet frontem calida forcipe}}.<ref>deest</ref></poem>cetera vero feminina sunt: ‘hiems’, ‘cohors’. <p>{{r|42|VIII 42}}In ‘aus’ feminina sunt: ‘fraus’, ‘laus’. <p>In ‘aes’ diphthongum unum masculinum: ‘praes praedis’, et unum neutrum: ‘aes aeris’. <p>Sciendum tamen, quod vetustissimi in multis, ut diximus, supra dictarum terminationum inveniuntur confudisse genera, nulla significationis differentia coacti, sed sola auctoritate, ut ‘hic’ et 'haec aspergo’, ‘alvus’, ‘arcus’, ‘adeps’ vel ‘adipes’, ‘charta’, ‘cardo’, ‘cinis’ vel ‘ciner’, ‘cervix’, ‘collis’, ‘crux’, ‘calx’, ‘cupressus’, ‘platanus’, ‘populus’, ‘laurus’, ‘aquila’, ‘crinis’, ‘carbasus’, ‘colus’, ‘hic’ et ‘haec cassis’, 'clunis’, ‘hic’ et ‘haec †conscia’, ‘callis’, ‘fornax’, ‘frutex’, ‘grex’, ‘frons frontis’, ‘hic’ et ‘haec humus’, ‘imbrex’, ‘limus’, ‘latex’ – {{spatium|{{wl|Q311287|Accius}}}}:<poem>{{gap|10em}}{{spatium|non calida latice lautus}}<ref>deest</ref> –,</poem>‘lembus’, ‘linter’, ‘lepus’, ‘agnus’, ‘leo’, ‘pampinus’, ‘perdix’, ‘hic’ et ‘haec palumbes’, ‘hic’ et ‘haec faex’, ‘rudens’ {{graeca|''ὁ πρότονος''}}, ‘socrus’, ‘supparus’ {{graeca|''περιώμιον''}} et ‘hoc supparum’, ‘senex’, ‘stirps’, 'torris’ {{graeca|''ὁ δαλός''}}, ‘tiaras’, ‘Tibris’, ‘amnis’, ‘torquis’, ‘trames’, ‘vesper’, ‘hi’ et ‘hae vepres’. {{r|43}}in multis aliis etiam confudisse genera vetustissimi inveniuntur sive in eisdem terminationibus seu immutantes eas. neutra quoque<noinclude><references/></noinclude> oh95b9cfm7b1zyy15joyx1qqaswe352 104 81819 265336 264746 2026-05-12T10:20:12Z Saumache 27923 /* Emendata */ 265336 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Saumache" />{{rh|170|PRISCIANI INST.}}</noinclude>quaedam solebant etiam masculino genere proferre vel ex contrario: ‘hic’ et ‘hoc guttur’, ‘murmur, ‘globus’, quod etiam ‘hoc glomus’ dicitur ‘glomeris’. 'hic fretus’ etiam et ‘dorsus’, ‘huius fretus, dorsus’ pro ‘fretum freti’ et ‘dorsum dorsi’ dicebant, ‘hic gelus’ pro ‘hoc gelu’, ‘Histrum’ pro ‘Hister’, et ‘Rhenum’, ‘Tanagrum’, ‘Metaurum’, ‘Iberum’, ‘Vulturnum’, ‘Oceanum’ (hoc tamen, quotiens ‘flumen’ sequebatur, solebant facere). {{r|44}}‘iubar’ quoque tam masculinum quam neutrum proferebant – {{spatium|{{wl|Q47130|Ennius}}}} in {{spatium|{{wl|Q3617890|annalibus}}}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Interea fugit albus iubar Hyperionis cursum}}.<ref>[[Annalium fragmenta#559|Annales 559]]</ref></poem>{{spatium|{{wl|Q551668|Calvus}}}} in {{spatium|epithalamio}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Hesperium ante iubar quatiens}}<ref>deest</ref></poem>‘hoc iubar’ dixit: si enim esset masculinum vel femininum, ‘iubarem’ dixisset –, ‘hic’ et ‘hoc liquor’, ‘hic’ et ‘hoc papaver’, ‘hic’ et ‘haec’ et ‘hoc penus’ et ‘hoc penum’ – {{spatium|{{wl|Q47160|Plautus}}}} in {{spatium|{{wl|Q1233667|Pseudulo}}}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|† Nisi mihi annuus penus hic ab amatoribus congeratur, {{gap|4em}}† Cras populo prostituam vos, o puellae}}.<ref>[[Pseudolus#175|Pseudolus 178]]</ref></poem>{{spatium|{{wl|Q298729|Lucilius}}}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Magna penus parvo spatio consumpta peribit}}.<ref>deest</ref></poem>{{spatium|{{wl|Q47160|Plautus}}}} in {{spatium|{{wl|Q1035171|captivis}}}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|† Dicam seni curet sibi aliud penus}}.<ref>[[Captivi#920|Captivi 921]]</ref></poem>{{spatium|{{wl|Q1491473|Caesar Strabo}}}} in {{spatium|oratione, qua Sulpicio respondit: deinde propinquos nostros Messalas domo deflagrata penore volebamus privare}}. {{spatium|{{wl|Q472077|Afranius}}}} in {{spatium|{{wl||talione}}}}:<noinclude><references/></noinclude> i5bvfnm87vf3oc2ucqqy4dsi1g1zbbu 104 81820 265339 264729 2026-05-12T10:41:40Z Saumache 27923 /* Emendata */ 265339 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Saumache" />{{rh||LIBER V 43 — 45|171}}</noinclude><poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Vos quibus cordi est intra tunicam [manus] laeva, dextra intra penum {{gap|4em}}Erile}}<ref>deest</ref> –,</poem>‘hic’ et ‘haec’ et ‘hoc pecus’ – {{spatium|{{wl|Q47130|Ennius}}}} in {{Spatium|{{wl||Nemea}}}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Pecudi dare viva marito}}.<ref>deest</ref></poem>potest tamen figurate hoc esse prolatum, ut si dicam ‘aquila maritus’ vel ‘rex avium’ – {{r|45}}‘hic’ et ‘haec retis’ et ‘hoc rete’, ‘hic’ et ‘hoc sexus’, ‘hic’ et ‘haec’ et ‘hoc specus’, ‘hic’ et ‘hoc sal’. {{spatium|{{wl|Q180081|Cato}}}} in {{spatium|II: ex sale, qui apud Carthaginienses fit}}. {{spatium|{{wl|Q472077|Afranius}}}} in {{spatium|{{wl||Compitalibus}}}}:<poem>{{gap|6em}}{{spatium|ut, quicquid loquitur, sal merum est}}.<ref>deest</ref></poem>etiam ‘hoc sale’: {{spatium|{{wl|Q47130|Ennius}}}} protulit in {{spatium|ΧIIII {{wl|Q3617890|annalium}}}}:<poem>{{gap|4em}}{{spatium|Caeruleum spumat sale conferta rate pulsum {{gap|4em}}Per mare}}.<ref>[[Annalium fragmenta#372|Annales 14.372-373]]</ref></poem> <p>Supra dictorum tamen nominum usus et apud {{spatium|{{wl|Q223615|Caprum}}}} et apud {{spatium|{{wl|Q722683|Probum}}}} de dubiis generibus invenis.<noinclude><references/></noinclude> fz0hlblf2ook5mltjqashkw1d1kq0de