ວິກິພີເດຍ lowiki https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%9C%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%BC%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%81 MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.7 first-letter ສື່ ພິເສດ ສົນທະນາ ຜູ້ໃຊ້ ສົນທະນາຂອງຜູ້ໃຊ້ ວິກິພີເດຍ ສົນທະນາກ່ຽວກັບວິກິພີເດຍ ຮູບ ສົນທະນາກ່ຽວກັບຮູບ ມີເດຍວິກິ ສົນທະນາກ່ຽວກັບມີເດຍວິກິ ແມ່ແບບ ສົນທະນາກ່ຽວກັບແມ່ແບບ ຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ ສົນທະນາກ່ຽວກັບຊ່ວຍເຫຼືອ ໝວດ ສົນທະນາກ່ຽວກັບໝວດ TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 2751 128335 104226 2026-06-18T23:46:32Z InternetArchiveBot 13695 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 128335 wikitext text/x-wiki [[ຮູບ:SevenWondersOfTheWorld.jpg|thumb|276px|7 ສິ່ງມະຫັດສະຈັນບູຮານ (ຈາກຊ້າຍ ຫາ ຂວາ, ເທິງ ຫາ ລຸ່ມ): [[ມະຫາປີລະມິດ ແຫ່ງ ກິຊາ]], [[ສ່ວນລອຍຟ້າບາບິລອນ]], [[ວັດອາເຕມິສ]], [[ຮູບປັ້ນເຊອຸສ ແຫ່ງ ໂອລິມເປຍ]], [[ສຸສານມາວໂຊຣົສ]], [[ມະຫາປັ້ນ ແຫ່ງ ເກາະໂຣດສ໌]] ແລະ [[ຫໍຄອຍ ແຫ່ງ ອາເລັກຊານເດຣັຍ]].]] '''7 ສິ່ງມະຫັດສະຈັນ ຂອງ ໂລກ''' (ຫຼື '''7 ສິ່ງມະຫັດສະຈັນ ຂອງ ໂລກບູຮານ''') ແມ່ນ ລາຍການ ຂອງ ສິ່ງປຸກສ້າງ ມະຫັດສະຈັນ ໃນ ສະໄໝບູຮານ. ມັນອີງໃສ່ ປຶ້ມນຳທ່ຽວ ທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບຄວາມນິຍົມ ຈາກ ນັກທ່ອງທ່ຽວ [[ເກຣັກບູຮານ]] ແລະ ຈະລວມ ສະເພາະ ສິ່ງທີ່ຖືກປຸກສ້າງ ໃນ ຂົງເຂດ [[ເມດີເຕລະນຽນ]]. ລາຍການສິ່ງມະຫັດສະຈັນ ອື່ນໆ ໃນໄລຍະຫຼັງ ຈະລວມເອົາ ສິ່ງມະຫັດສະຈັນ ໃນ ຂົງເຂດອື່ນໆ ຂອງ ໂລກ. == 7 ສິ່ງມະຫັດສະຈັນຂອງໂລກ == * [[ມະຫາປີລະມິດ ແຫ່ງ ກິຊາ]] * [[ສ່ວນລອຍຟ້າບາບິລອນ]] * [[ວັດອາເຕມິສ]] * [[ຮູບປັ້ນເຊອຸສ ແຫ່ງ ໂອລິມເປຍ]] * [[ສຸສານມາວໂຊຣົສ]] * [[ມະຫາປັ້ນ ແຫ່ງ ເກາະໂຣດສ໌]] * [[ຫໍຄອຍ ແຫ່ງ ອາເລັກຊານເດຣັຍ]] == 7 ສິ່ງມະຫັດສະຈັນສະໄໝກາງ == <!--DO NOT MODIFY LIST--> <!--ONE. STONEHENGE-->*[[ສະໂຕນເຮັນຈ໌]] <!--TWO. COLOSSEUM-->*[[ໂຄໂລເຊອຸມ]] <!--THREE. CATACOMBS-->*[[ກະຕະກອມ]] <!--FOUR. GREAT WALL-->*[[ກຳແພງຍັກ]] <!--FIVE. NANJING-->*[[ເຈດີຫີນ ແຫ່ງ ນານກິງ]] <!--SIX. HAGIA SOPHIA-->*[[ໂບດຫຼວງໂຊເຟຍ]] <!--SEVEN. PISA-->*[[ຫໍງ່ຽງປີຊາ]] <!--DO NOT MODIFY LIST--> == ເບິ່ງຕື່ມ == == ອ້າງອີງ == == ລິ້ງຄ໌ພາຍນອກ == === 7 ສິ່ງມະຫັດສະຈັນບູຮານ === * [http://ce.eng.usf.edu/pharos/wonders/index.html The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070706045015/http://ce.eng.usf.edu/pharos/wonders/index.html |date=2007-07-06 }} — an in-depth look from a professor of [[civil engineering]] at the [[University of South Florida]] * [http://ce.eng.usf.edu/pharos/wonders/map.html Image of the Seven Wonder locations] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070710222226/http://ce.eng.usf.edu/pharos/wonders/map.html |date=2007-07-10 }} * Parkin, Tim, [https://web.archive.org/web/20041011114644/http://www.clas.canterbury.ac.nz/wonders.html ''Researching Ancient Wonders: A Research Guide''], from the University of Canterbury, New Zealand. - a collection of books and Internet resources with in-depth information on seven ancient wonders. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061024012104/http://coolmaps.7wonders.googlepages.com/ancientwonders.html Google Maps 7 Ancient Wonders of the World] === ອື່ນໆ === * [http://www.hillmanwonders.com/ The World's Top 100 Wonders] - a list of architectural, engineering and natural wonders by Howard Hillman, a renowned travel writer. * [http://www.wonderclub.com/AllWorldWonders.html WonderClub.com] - a "list of lists", with information about most wonders. * [http://www.asce.org/history/seven_wonders.cfm Seven Wonders of the Modern World] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100402072318/http://www.asce.org/history/seven_wonders.cfm |date=2010-04-02 }} - a list of modern wonders compiled by the [[American Society of Civil Engineers]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080510091504/http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/chi-chicagowonders-specialpackage,1,2933603.special?cset=true&ctrack=1&coll=chi-news-hed Seven Wonders of Chicago] - A list compiled by the Chicago Tribune and voted on by readers. * [http://www.shekpvar.net/~dennis/Sections/History/wonders-public.html Wonders of the World] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927224322/http://www.shekpvar.net/~dennis/Sections/History/wonders-public.html |date=2007-09-27 }} - a website with info and photographs, describing about 30 of the greatest human construction achievements. * [http://www.new7wonders.com/ Web site for voting new wonders of the world] [[ໝວດ:ບູຮານວິທະຍາ]] 1sd7ekj5bb8b6dahkonai9xdpacgv3n 0 5363 128351 127350 2026-06-19T02:36:43Z InternetArchiveBot 13695 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 128351 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ແປ}} {{Infobox dam | name = ເຂື່ອນນ້ຳເທີນ 2 | image = | caption = | official_name = | crosses = [[Nam Theun]] | locale = [[ແຂວງຄຳມ່ວນ]], [[ປະເທດລາວ]] | type = [[ເຂື່ອນທ່ວງ]] | length = 436 ແມັດ | height = 39 ແມັດ | hydraulic_head = | width = | spillway_type = | spillway_capacity = | began = | open = | closed = | cost = | owner = | maint = | reservoir = | reservoir_capacity = 3.53 ກິໂລແມັດກ້ອນ | reservoir_catchment= 4039 ກິໂລຕາແມັດ | reservoir_surface = 450 ກິໂລຕາແມັດ | depth = | plant_owner = | plant_operator = [[ບໍລິສັດໄຟຟ້ານ້ຳເທີນ 2]] | turbines = [[ບໍລິສັດໄຟຟ້າລາວ|EDL]]: 2 × 37.5 [[ເມກາວັດ|MW]]<br>[[ການໄຟຟ້າຝ່າຍຜະລິດແຫ່ງປະເທດໄທ|EGAT]]: 4 × 250 [[ເມກາວັດ|MW]] | installed_capacity = 1,070 [[ເມກາວັດ|MW]] | max_capacity = | annual_generation = | pumped_storage = | com = ມີນາ 2010 | decom = | bridge_carries = | bridge_width = | bridge_clearance = | bridge_traffic = | bridge_toll = | bridge_id = | map_cue = | map_image = | map_text = | location_map = Laos | location_map_text = | lat_d = 17 | lat_m = 59 | lat_s = 49 | lat_NS = N | long_d = 104 | long_m = 57 | long_s = 10 | long_EW = E | coordinates_type = type:landmark | coordinates_display= inline,title | website = | extra = }} The '''Nam Theun 2 Hydropower Project''', or simply '''NT2''', is a [[hydroelectric dam]] located on the [[Nam Theun|Nam Theun River]] in [[Laos]]. Commercial operation of the plant began in March 2010.<ref>[http://www.namtheun2.com/ NT2 Official website], Retrieved: November 5, 2009</ref> The scheme diverts water from the Nam Theun, a [[tributary]] of the [[Mekong River]], to the [[Xe Bang Fai River]], enabling a generation capacity of {{nowrap|1,070 [[Megawatts|MW]]}}, from a {{Convert|350|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} difference in elevation between the [[reservoir]] and the [[power station]]. It is the largest hydroelectric project so far in Laos, exporting power to [[Thailand]] and supplying the local area with electricity. At the time of signing in 2005, NT2 was the largest [[foreign investment]] in Laos, the world's largest private sector cross-border power project financing, the largest private sector hydroelectric project financing, and one of the largest internationally-financed [[Independent Power Producer|IPP]] projects in Southeast Asia. The dam also marked a return by the [[World Bank]] to funding large-scale infrastructure, after a decade-long hiatus. According to the government of Laos, "the project is an essential part of the country's development framework and the Project's implementation is likely to be the first real possibility for (Laos) to reduce gradually its dependence on [[Official Development Assistance]]".<ref name="Lao National Committee for Energy">{{Cite web |title=Lao National Committee for Energy |url=http://www.poweringprogress.org/nt2/background.htm |access-date=2011-03-07 |archive-date=2007-12-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071217214245/http://www.poweringprogress.org/nt2/background.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> The project has [[Environment (biophysical)|environmental]] and social impacts, and comprehensive measures have been designed to mitigate these. According to a group of social and environmental experts who advise on the project, these measures could become a global model. Although [[Newsweek magazine]] referred to it as a "kinder and gentler dam",<ref name="World Bank September 2007">{{Cite web |title=World Bank September 2007 |url=http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/LAOPRDEXTN/0,,contentMDK:21480018~menuPK:293702~pagePK:2865066~piPK:2865079~theSitePK:293684,00.html |access-date=2012-12-28 |archive-date=2012-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120221234521/http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/LAOPRDEXTN/0,,contentMDK:21480018~menuPK:293702~pagePK:2865066~piPK:2865079~theSitePK:293684,00.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> the project also attracted criticism.<ref>{{Cite web |title=International Rivers, "Model" Dam Encounters Similar Problems As Previous Projects |url=http://www.worldwatch.org/node/5168/print |access-date=2011-03-07 |archive-date=2007-07-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070715190316/http://www.worldwatch.org/node/5168/print |url-status=dead }}</ref> == History and current status == The Nam Theun 2 project was identified in the 1980s and a concession was awarded in 1993. It was subjected to a long anti-dam campaign. The project was frozen after the [[1997 Asian financial crisis]], but preparation resumed in 1999. In October 2002 a concession contract between the [[Nam Theun 2 Power Company|NTPC]] and the government of Laos was signed, followed by the signing of [[power purchase agreement|PPAs]] between NTPC on the one hand and, [[Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand|EGAT]] and the Laotian state-owned power company [[Electricite du Laos]] on the other hand in November 2003. Financial closing was reached in June 2005. The Nam Theun [[river diversion]] was created in March 2006 and then closed in April 2008 following completion of the Nakai Dam wall. Impoundment of the Nakai Reservoir occurred over the 2008 wet season and the reservoir was close to full supply level by the end of 2008. Test hydropower generation began in mid-2009 and the Commercial Operation Date was achieved in April 2010.<ref>[http://www.namtheun2.com/ Nam Theun official website], accessed on May 20, 2010</ref> == Technical features == NT2 enables Laos to export {{nowrap|995 MW}} of electrical energy to the [[Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand|EGAT]]. The project also uses {{nowrap|75 MW}} of capacity to supply electricity for domestic use in Laos. Nam Theun 2 is a trans-basin diversion power plant that uses water from the Nam Theun River and releases the water into the Xe Bang Fai River. The project site is in [[Khammouane]] and [[Bolikhamsai Province|Bolikhamxay]] provinces in central Laos, about 250 kilometers east of Vientiane. It stretches from the [[Nakai Plateau]] to the lower Xe Bang Fai River [[confluence]] with the [[Mekong]]. The main features of the project include: * {{Convert|39|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} high [[gravity dam]] * {{Convert|450|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} reservoir * [[Pressure shaft]], [[pressure tunnel]] and a [[powerhouse]] * {{Convert|8000000|m3|ft3|abbr=on}} artificial [[regulating pond]], and a {{Convert|27|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} artificial downstream channel leading to the [[Xe Bang Fai River]] * {{Convert|130|km|mi|abbr=on}} long, double-circuit {{nowrap|500 kW}} [[transmission line]] to the Thai grid * {{Convert|70|km|mi|abbr=on}} long, single-circuit {{nowrap|115 kV}} transmission line to Laos' domestic grid. == Institutional arrangements == The Project is structured as a [[Build-Operate-Transfer|BOT]] project. It has a concession period of 31 years, of which the operating period is 25 years. At the end of the concession period, the project facilities will be transferred to the government free of charge. The project was developed by [[Nam Theun 2 Power Company|NTPC]], which is owned by a consortium comprising [[Electricité de France|EDF]] (35%), [[Electricity Generating Public Company|EGO]] of Thailand (25%), the [[Italian Thai Development Public Company Limited|ITD]] of Thailand (15%) and the Government of Laos (25%). Governments and government-owned enterprises own a majority of NTPC. This situation is atypical for an IPP - normally the power generating company is privately owned. Laos is a People's Democratic Republic with a one-party system under the [[Lao People's Revolutionary Party]]. It is one of the few [[communist state]]s in the world. The government has multiple roles related to NT2, some of which may be conflicting: It partially owns NTPC and thus has an interest in the financial profitability of the project; it is supposed to monitor compliance with environmental and social safeguards under the concession contract; and it buys some of the electricity generated from the project through the state-owned power company EDL and thus has an interest in low electricity prices. Some of the owners of NTPC are also contractors engaged in the construction of the dam. For example, EDF International is the head contractor for the entire project under a turnkey contract. It has engaged various sub-contractors for specific parts of the project. == Financial aspects == === Project costs and financing === Construction costs were initially estimated at US$1,250 million plus US$331.5 million for [[Cost contingency|contingencies]]. More recently construction costs have been given as US$ 1,3 billion.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.power-technology.com/projects/namtheun2 |title=Nam Theun 2 Hydropower Project |publisher=Power Technology |date= |accessdate=2010-07-19}}</ref> The project base cost is funded through US$330m of [[Ownership equity|equity]] and US$920m of [[debt]]. It is financed through equity, [[loan]]s and guarantees from 26 [[financial institution]]s, including * four [[multilateral development bank]]s (the [[World Bank Group]], the [[Asian Development Bank]] (ADB), the [[European Investment Bank]] (EIB) and the [[Nordic Investment Bank]]), * three [[Export Credit Agency|Export Credit Agencies]] ([[Coface]] of France, [[EKN]] of Sweden and [[GIEK]] of Norway), * three bilateral financing agencies ([[French Development Agency]], [[PROPARCO]] and the [[Export-Import Bank of Thailand]]), * nine international commercial banks providing finance in [[hard currencies]] (grouped together in a "lead arrangers group" including [[BNP Paribas]], [[Crédit Agricole Indosuez]], [[Australia and New Zealand Banking Group|ANZ]] from Australia, [[Société Générale]], [[Fortis Bank]] and [[Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi]]), and * seven Thai commercial banks providing finance in [[Thai Baht]]. All financing in hard currencies is guaranteed through [[political risk insurance]] provided by the above-mentioned three export credit agencies, the ADB (US$ 50m), the [[International Development Association]] (IDA) of the World Bank Group (US$ 50m) and the [[Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency]] (MIGA) of the World Bank Group (US$ 91m). Specifically, MIGA has provided a US$86 million guarantee to [[Fortis Bank]] of Belgium against the risks of [[Nationalization|expropriation]], [[breach of contract]], war and [[civil disturbance]], as well as [[transfer inconvertibility]] in both Laos and Thailand.<ref>[http://www.miga.org/projects/index_sv.cfm?pid=610 MIGA NT2]</ref> According to MIGA, its guarantee "was key to lowering the project's risk profile, which in turn enabled the government and developers to attract commercial financing at better rates and gave the investor the assurance needed to go ahead with the deal". The government's initial equity contribution of $83m (25%) was largely funded by donors, including a $20 million grant from the [[International Development Association]] of the World Bank Group, the ADB (US$ 20m), France, and the EIB. === Increase in government revenue and contribution to poverty alleviation === According to the government "the Project is an essential part of the country's development framework and the Project's implementation is likely to be the first real possibility for (Laos) to reduce gradually its dependence on Official Development Assistance." In the same vein, the then Managing Director of the World Bank, [[Shengman Zhang]], said in 2003 "We see Nam Theun 2 not as a project per se, but as a vehicle through which to make a considerable progress in the effort of poverty reduction." <ref name="Lao National Committee for Energy"/> The project generates three forms of revenue to the government: * [[dividend]]s, * [[tax]]es; and * [[royalties]], i.e. concession fees. Government revenue is estimated at US$1.9bn to US$2bn in nominal terms over 25 years. It has been estimated that at a 10% discount rate the net present value of the revenues will be six times higher than the net present value from the debt service, if all government equity was funded through concessionary lending. Revenues are expected to increase progressively from approximately US$ 10 million in 2009 to US$ 110 to 150 million per year at the end of the concession period in 2033. Thereafter the government will receive all revenues accruing to the project. The [[Power Purchase Agreement]] (PPA) between EGAT and NTPC was designed as to stabilize the [[cash flow]] despite hydrological variation and consequently variation in power output. Revenues will be partially in US$ and partially in Thai Baht. Power demand from Thailand is expected to be strong. In December 2007, Thailand and Laos signed an agreement increasing the total power to be supplied by Laos to Thailand from all sources in 2015 from 5,000 MW to 7,000 MW.<ref>[http://www.poweringprogress.org/updates/news/press/2007/Thailand%20Ups%20Demand%20for%20Lao%20Energy.htm Thailand Ups Demand for Lao Energy] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081010172741/http://www.poweringprogress.org/updates/news/press/2007/Thailand%20Ups%20Demand%20for%20Lao%20Energy.htm |date=2008-10-10 }} Link does not function</ref> The World Bank works with the Lao government to improve public financial management practices and increase transparency in order to increase the likelihood that revenues will be used to benefit the poor, including through investment in health and education. The Government has agreed with the World Bank to implement a Poverty Reduction Fund that is being initially sourced from [[International Development Association]] funds, and then from the Government's taxes, royalties and dividend revenues once the project commences operation. Special administrative units are being established to deal with the effective management and allocation of the financial resources gained from the Project.<ref name="Lao National Committee for Energy"/> In 2007 Laos was ranked on the [[Corruption Perception Index]] by [[Transparency International]] 168 out of 179 countries assessed, making it one of the most corrupt countries on the index. == Environmental and social impacts == [[Environmental impacts of reservoirs|Environmental and social impacts]] of the project include downstream impacts, impacts on [[biodiversity]], [[resettlement]] and reservoir [[sedimentation]]. More details can be found in the Environmental and Social Impact assessment],<ref>[http://www.adb.org/Documents/Environment/LAO/lao-nam-theun2.pdf Summary Environmental and Social Impact Assessment], NAM THEUN 2 HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT IN THE LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC, November 2004. Retrieved November 5, 2009.</ref> and in the summary provided for the various impacts below. '''Monitoring and Evaluation''' NT2 has a multi-layer environmental and social monitoring and evaluation mechanism consisting of the following elements: * A Panel of Environmental and Social Experts (POE), reporting to the government. The POE normally visits Laos at least once per year. * An International Advisory Group(IAG), advising the World Bank. The IAG normally visits Lao PDR at least once per year. * Independent Monitoring Agencies, reporting to the Government. The Independent Monitoring Agencies was in the process of being contracted in December 2006. * The Lenders’ Engineer<ref>[https://archive.is/20120718184747/web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/LAOPRDEXTN/0,,contentMDK:21109109~pagePK:141137~piPK:141127~theSitePK:293684,00.html%23mornitor World Bank Monitoring and Evaluation December 2006]</ref> '''Praise''' The comprehensive environmental and social measures designed to mitigate potential environmental and social impacts could become a "global model", according to a group of social and environmental experts who advise on the project.<ref name="World Bank September 2007"/> '''Criticism''' According to the [[NGO]] [[International Rivers]], there have been substantial shortcomings in the mitigation of impacts. According to the organization, [[Compensation (nationalization)|compensation]] payments and replacement land for villagers affected by construction activities have been "inadequate, unfair or non-existent". Poor resettlement planning has led to housing and infrastructure delays. Plans to restore the livelihoods of villagers on the Nakai Plateau and along the Xe Bang Fai have yet to be finalized. And the budget for the downstream program in particular is said to be woefully inadequate.<ref>{{Cite web |title=International Rivers NT 2 |url=http://internationalrivers.org/en/southeast-asia/laos/nam-theun-2 |access-date=2011-03-07 |archive-date=2007-12-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071230011020/http://internationalrivers.org/en/southeast-asia/laos/nam-theun-2 |url-status=dead }}</ref> '''A good or a bad dam?''' According to data in the World Bank publication "Good dams, bad dams", the ratio of area flooded and people resettled per Megawatt of installed electricity generating capacity (flooded area of 41 [[hectare]] per MW and 5 people resettled per MW) is neither very high, nor very low, compared to 48 other large dams analyzed.<ref>[http://siteresources.worldbank.org/LACEXT/Resources/258553-1123250606139/Good_and_Bad_Dams_WP16.pdf World Bank:Good Dams, Bad Dams 2003], p. 22</ref> Using this specific analytical framework, Nam Theun 2 could neither be considered a "good" or a "bad" dam. === Downstream impacts in Xe Bang Fai === The flow of water in the Xe Bang Fai (XBF), which will receive the water diverted through NT2, will increase significantly, thus affecting the population living downstream of the release point. The exact number of people affected is disputed. While NTPC speaks of 40,000 affected people, the NGO [[Environmental Defense]] speaks of up to 150,000 people. The impacts have been widely studied and have been discussed with local communities that will be affected. Possible negative impacts on the downstream population include the washing away of river-bank gardens, changes in [[water quality]], and impacts on [[fisheries]]. The impacts will only be exactly known once the project has been completed. NTPC has promised to stop power production when floods occur on the XBF river. However, it is as yet unknown exactly how long this flooding period will last for each year. The length of the period will affect the project's profitability. Water quality may be negatively impacted through fouling of [[biomass]] in the reservoir. Because the impacts are unknown, monitoring systems will be included and a commitment has been made to "adaptive management". Livelihood development programs are underway for the villagers living downstream on the XBF river, in districts such as Mahaxai. The programs are focused on [[agriculture]], [[fish pond]]s and [[handicrafts]] to help them generate income beyond that derived from river [[fishing]]. The objective is to help villagers generate money from a variety of different sources to compensate for any changes in fishing catches after the river diversion. Affected communities expect to receive [[irrigation]] systems to allow for a second, [[dry season]] [[rice]] crop, [[drinking water]] systems and access to electricity. The provision of this infrastructure would not be the responsibility of NTPC, but of the government. Details of the these programs are available on the operating company's website.<ref>Nam Theun 2 Project Company:[http://www.namtheun2.com/images/stories/DSplan/NT2 DSIP_080408_PUBLIC_Final.pdf]{{Dead link|date=ກັນຍາ 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> According to a joint progress report issued by the World Bank and the ADB in December 2007 implementation of the downstream program – particularly on implementing livelihood programs – remained a challenge. Lessons from the 20 villages where the programs have been piloted in a participatory manner are being applied as other villages were included. Micro-credit schemes that are being developed were not yet on a sustainable financial footing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=World Bank:Nam Theun Moves Forward; Livelihood Activities Require Acceleration |url=http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/LAOPRDEXTN/0,,contentMDK:21587429~menuPK:293689~pagePK:2865066~piPK:2865079~theSitePK:293684,00.html |access-date=2012-06-30 |archive-date=2012-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120221234514/http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/LAOPRDEXTN/0,,contentMDK:21587429~menuPK:293689~pagePK:2865066~piPK:2865079~theSitePK:293684,00.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> === Downstream impacts on the Nam Theun River === There is relatively little information on downstream impacts on the Nam Theun River, where water flows will be significantly reduced. No permanent villages lie along the Nam Theun some 50&nbsp;km downstream below the dam. [[Fishermen]] and [[hunter]]s, however, do use this stretch of the river. Fish diversity and abundance is expected to be affected by reduced water flows and [[sediment]] content.<ref>[http://www.adb.org/Documents/Environment/LAO/lao-nam-theun2.pdf Summary of 2004 Environmental Assessment], p. 39</ref> However, monitoring of the villages along the river conducted by NTPC has so far not detected any significant impacts to the fishery.<ref> Nam Theun 2 Project Company:[http://www.namtheun2.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=98&Itemid=112 Key facts, Downstream Program]</ref> === Biodiversity and forests === Three existing protected areas on the Nakai plateau (the [[Nakai-Nam Theun Biodiversity Conservation Area|Nakai-Nam Theun]], the [[Hin Nam Nor]] and the [[Phou Hin Poun]] [[National Biodiversity Conservation Areas]]), together nine times larger (4,106&nbsp;km²) than the flooded area, are expected to be better managed through significant resources made available under the project - more than 60 times what the government has spent on its entire [[national park]]s system so far. The flooded areas are not considered critical natural habitat. There used to be significant [[illegal logging]] in the protected areas, which the government claims has now been largely brought under control. Detailed fish surveys showed that there are no fish [[species]] living only in the stretch of the river that will be inundated. A management plan for the [[Asian elephant]]s in the area has been drawn up. A Watershed Management Protection Authority (WMPA) has been established with the specific purpose of protecting the [[drainage basin|watershed]] of the reservoir and the protected areas in it. WPMA will receive US$1 million annually from NTPC through the concession period. === Resettlement === 6,300 people from 17 villages moved from the area that became the NT2 reservoir on the Nakai Plateau to custom-built villages built in consultation with the resettled communities. NTPC and the Lao Government have committed to doubling the income of resettled villagers, through livelihood programs, five years after they have been relocated. This means that people who used to make US$410 per household a year in 2005 should make at least US$820 per household a year by 2012. Construction of the villages and major facilities (new roads, water pumps, toilets, schools, mills and electricity) was completed by mid-2008.<ref>[http://www.namtheun2.com/images/stories/Keyfacts/KF%20Resettlement%20on%20Nakai%20Plateau%20Infrastructure.pdf NTPC key communication facts:Resettlement on Nakai Plateau:Infrastructure]{{Dead link|date=ກັນຍາ 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, March 2009. Retrieved November 9, 2009.</ref> Extensive consultations on house design, location and even construction materials were held and continue to ensure the outcomes reflect the wishes of the local people. According to a World Bank report, the health of villagers who have already been resettled has significantly improved due to better water and [[sanitation]], regular health check-ups and the provision of [[mosquito net]]s, as documented by various assessments. Various experts are helping the resettled villagers to adopt improved practices to increase agricultural and income [[productivity]]. However the report stresses that the pace of the development of the livelihood activities must be accelerated including engaging additional technical assistance to help villagers develop the most effective cropping systems possible.<ref>{{Cite web |title=World Bank |url=http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/LAOPRDEXTN/0,,contentMDK:20172670~pagePK:141137~piPK:217854~theSitePK:293684,00.html |access-date=2005-02-24 |archive-date=2005-02-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050224001900/http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/LAOPRDEXTN/0,,contentMDK:20172670~pagePK:141137~piPK:217854~theSitePK:293684,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref> === Reservoir sedimentation === At current sedimentation rates, the reservoir has a lifetime of more than five centuries. If substantial [[logging]] occurred in the upstream basin, the lifetime would be accordingly reduced and could affect the financial and economic viability of the project. This would especially be the case if sediments remained in the active storage area in the upper part of the reservoir instead of being washed into the dead storage area closer to the dam in the lower part of the reservoir. The establishment of the relatively well-funded Watershed Management Protection Authority is expected to protect forest cover and thus limit [[erosion]] in the watershed of the reservoir. == See also == * [[Environmental impacts of dams]] * [[Energy Industry Liberalization and Privatization (Thailand)]] * [[Wildlife of Laos]] * [[Economy of Laos]] == External links == * [http://www.namtheun2.com Nam Theun 2 official website] * [http://www.poweringprogress.org/ Laos:Ministry of Energy and Mines, Department of Energy Promotion and Development] * [http://www.edl-laos.com/index.html Eléctricité du Laos] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080519175152/http://www.edl-laos.com/index.html |date=2008-05-19 }} * [[World Bank]]:[http://www.worldbank.org/laont2 The Nam Theun 2 Hydroelectric Project (NT2)]{{Dead link|date=ກຸມພາ 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * [[Asian Development Bank]]:[http://www.adb.org/Projects/Namtheun2/NT2-infosheet.pdf Nam Theun 2 Hydroelectric Project] * [[International Rivers]]:[http://internationalrivers.org/en/southeast-asia/laos/nam-theun-2 Nam Theun 2] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071230011020/http://internationalrivers.org/en/southeast-asia/laos/nam-theun-2 |date=2007-12-30 }} * [[Environmental Defense Fund]]:[http://www.environmentaldefense.org/article.cfm?contentID=4137 Laos: Nam Theun 2 Project] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070814072225/http://www.environmentaldefense.org/article.cfm?ContentID=4137 |date=2007-08-14 }}, 15 March 2006 * Power Technology.com:[http://www.power-technology.com/projects/namtheun2/ Nam Theun 2 Hydropower Project, Laos] == References == {{reflist}} [[ໝວດ:Hydroelectric power stations in Laos]] [[ໝວດ:Interbasin transfer]] [[ໝວດ:Khammouane Province]] anymly43sjx7y4305q6wxsovyfcxbg9 0 8008 128339 125915 2026-06-19T00:09:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13695 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 128339 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ຄວາມສະເໝີພາກທາງເພດ''' ({{lang-en|gender equality}}, {{lang-fr|égalité des genres}}) ຫຼື '''ຄວາມເທົ່າທຽມກັນທາງເພດ''' ໝາຍເຖິງຊາຍ,ຍິງ ແລະ ຄົນຮັກເພດດຽວກັນ ມີສິດທິແລະໜ້າທີ່ຄືກັນ ແລະທຸກຄົນມີໂອກາດໃນ[[ສັງຄົມ]]ເທົ່າກັນ. ຄວາມເທົ່າທຽມກັນທາງເພດຍັງກ່ຽວຂ້ອງກັບ[[ຄວາມຍຸຕິທຳ]]ແລະການແບ່ງປັນຄວາມຮັບຜິດຊອບທັງໃນ[[ຄອບຄົວ]]ແລະສັງຄົມ ຄັນເລື່ອງເພດເປັນສິ່ງປິດກັ້ນຄົນຈາກການໄດ້ເຫັນຂໍ້ດີແລະຂໍ້ເສຍຂອງບຸກຄົນ ສິ່ງເຫຼົ່ານີ້ອາດນຳໄປສູ່ການກີດກັດແລະໂອກາດທີ່ຈຳກັດຂອງແຕ່ລະບຸກຄົນ. ==ອ້າງອີງ== <references /> ;ບັນນານຸກົມ *Glendyne R. Wergland, ''Sisters in the Faith: Shaker Women and Equality of the Sexes'' (Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2011). ==ແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນອື່ນ== * [http://introthai.cappelendamm.no/c41437/artikkel/vis.html?tid=41950 ຄວາມເທົ່າທຽມກັນທາງເພດ]{{Dead link|date=ຕຸລາ 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{th icon}} * [http://www.unrol.org/article.aspx?article_id=28 United Nations Rule of Law: Gender Equality] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721210016/http://www.unrol.org/article.aspx?article_id=28 |date=2011-07-21 }}, on the relationship between gender equality, the [[rule of law]] and the [[United Nations]]. *[http://www.HillarysVillage.net HillarysVillage] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323022137/http://www.hillarysvillage.net/ |date=2019-03-23 }}, Forum for women, minorities, members of the gay community and those who are otherwise marginalized. *[http://uk.oneworld.net/guides/gender The OneWorld Guide to Gender Equality] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100513030923/http://uk.oneworld.net/guides/gender |date=2010-05-13 }} *[http://www.un.org/womenwatch WomenWatch], the United Nations Internet Gateway on Gender Equality and Empowerment of Women *[http://www.undp.org/women/ Women's Empowerment] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091009065232/http://www.undp.org/women/ |date=2009-10-09 }}, the United Nations Development Program's Gender Team *[http://www.oecd.org/dac/gender GENDERNET], International forum of gender experts working in support of gender equality. Development Co-operation Directorate of the [[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]] *[http://www.oecd.org/dev/gender Gender at the OECD Development Centre], gender activities at the OECD Development Centre *[http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTGENDER/0,,menuPK:336874~pagePK:149018~piPK:149093~theSitePK:336868,00.html Gender Equality as Smart Economics] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100309205357/http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/TOPICS/EXTGENDER/0,,menuPK:336874~pagePK:149018~piPK:149093~theSitePK:336868,00.html |date=2010-03-09 }} World Bank *[http://www.vineetnayar.com/women-leadership-yes-she-can, Women Leadership: Yes she can!] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717205802/http://www.vineetnayar.com/women-leadership-yes-she-can,/ |date=2011-07-17 }} *[http://www.thelocal.se/guides/equality/Equality+in+Sweden/ The Local] Gender equality in Sweden (news collection) *[http://www.womencandoit.no Women Can Do It!] *[http://www.return2workmums.co.uk Return2WorkMums For women returners to the workplace] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150317152809/http://www.return2workmums.co.uk/ |date=2015-03-17 }} *[http://www.ihatesexism.com/ Sexism Discussion Group] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091129032139/http://www.ihatesexism.com/ |date=2009-11-29 }} *[http://ccr.sagepub.com/content/33/3/265.abstract Sexual Equality and Romantic Love] *[http://www.mdgmonitor.org/map.cfm?goal=&indicator=&cd= Gender Equality Tracker] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100312072429/http://www.mdgmonitor.org/map.cfm?goal=&indicator=&cd= |date=2010-03-12 }} *[http://www.genderwork.ca/ Gender and Work Database] *[http://www.gendersite.org/ Gender and the Built Environment Database] *[http://www.witec-eu.net/ WiTEC – The European Association for Women in Science, Engineering and Technology (SET)] *[http://www.gell.it/ Gender Equality in Labour & Life – Online Course focus on PA (SET)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002205045/http://www.gell.it/ |date=2013-10-02 }} *[http://transequality.org National Center for Transgender Equality] *[http://www.annette-boeckler.de/liturgie/EgalitarianServices.html Egalitarian Jewish Services A Discussion Paper] [[ໝວດ:ຄວາມສະເໝີພາກທາງເພດ]] [[ໝວດ:ສັງຄົມ]] 7er5uqpmgvrawjnzphbtvzrkhzeffx7 0 8110 128352 118916 2026-06-19T02:36:45Z InternetArchiveBot 13695 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 128352 wikitext text/x-wiki [[ຮູບ:Hoover Dam, Clark County NV.jpg|thumb|right|250px]] '''ເຂື່ອນຮູເວີ''' ({{lang-en|Hoover Dam}}) ຫຼື '''ບາລາດຮູເວີ''' ({{lang-fr|Barrage Hoover}}) ແມ່ນ[[ເຂື່ອນ]][[ເບຕົງ]]ຂະໜາດໃຫຍ່ກັ້ນ[[ແມ່ນ້ຳໂກໂລລາໂດ]] ໂຕຢູ່ເທິງເຂດແດນຂອງ[[ລັດເນວາດາ]] ແລະ[[ລັດອາລີໂຊນາ]] ໃນ[[ສະຫະລັດອາເມລິກາ]]. ສ້າງແລ້ວໃນປີ ຄ.ສ. 1935 ເຊິ່ງໃນຂະນະທີ່ສ້າງແລ້ວເປັນເຂື່ອນແລະໂຄງສ້າງເບຕົງຂະໜາດທີ່ໃຫຍ່ທີ່ສຸດໃນໂລກ ແລະກາຍມາເປັນອັນດັບສອງຫຼັງຈາກ[[ເຂື່ອນກະລັງກູລີ]]ສ້າງແລ້ວໃນປີ ຄ.ສ. 1945. ປັດຈຸບັນເຂື່ອນຮູເວີແມ່ນເຂື່ອນຜະລິດ[[ໄຟຟ້າ]]ໃຫຍ່ເປັນອັນດັບທີ 34 ຂອງໂລກ. == ອ້າງອີງ == <references/> ;ບັນນານຸກົມ * {{cite book | first1 = Andrew J. | last1 = Dunar | first2 = Dennis | last2 = McBride | title = Building Hoover Dam: An Oral History of the Great Depression | origyear = 1993 | year = 2001 | publisher = University of Nevada Press | location = Reno, Nev. | isbn = 978-0-87417-489-2 | ref = harv }} * {{cite book | first = Michael A. | last = Hiltzik | title = Colossus: Hoover Dam and the Making of the American Century | year = 2010 | publisher = Free Press | location = New York | isbn = 978-1-4165-3216-3 | ref = harv }} * {{cite book | first = Joseph E. | last = Stevens | title = Hoover Dam: An American Adventure | year = 1988 | publisher = University of Oklahoma Press | location = Norman, OK | isbn = 978-0-8061-2283-0 | ref = harv }} * {{cite book | first1 = Jere | last1 = True | first2 = Victoria Tupper | last2 = Kirby | title = Allen Tupper True: An American Artist | year = 2009 | publisher = Canyon Leap | location = San Francisco | isbn = 978-0-9817238-1-5 | ref = harv }} * {{cite book | author = Bureau of Reclamation | year = 2006 | title = Reclamation: Managing Water in the West: Hoover Dam | publisher = US Department of the Interior | ref = harv }} * {{cite book | title = The Story of the Hoover Dam | year = 2006 | publisher = Nevada Publications, Inc. | location = Las Vegas | isbn = 978-0-913814-79-6 | ref = harv }} '''ອື່ນໆ''' *Bartojay, Katie; Joy, Westin (October 21–22, 2010). ''"Long-Term Properties of Hoover Dam Mass Concrete".'' In Wiltshire, Richard L.; *Gilbert, David R.; Rogers, Jerry R. ''Hoover Dam 75th Anniversary History Symposium.'' Las Vegas, Nevada: American Society of Civil Engineers. pp. 74–84. ISBN 978-0-7844-1141-4. *Rogers, J. David (October 21–22, 2010). ''"Hoover Dam: Evolution of the Dam's Design".'' In Wiltshire, Richard L.; Gilbert, David R.; *Rogers, Jerry R. ''Hoover Dam 75th Anniversary History Symposium. Las Vegas, Nevada: American Society of Civil Engineers.'' pp. 85–123. ISBN 978-0-7844-1141-4. *Fiedler, William R. (October 21–22, 2010). ''"Performance of Spillway Structures Using Hoover Dam Spillways as a Benchmark".'' In Wiltshire, *Richard L.; Gilbert, David R.; Rogers, Jerry R. Hoover Dam 75th Anniversary History Symposium. Las Vegas, Nevada: American Society of *Civil Engineers. pp. 267–287. ISBN 978-0-7844-1141-4. *Glenn, Edward P.; Lee, Christopher; Felger, Richard; Zengel, Scott (August 1996). ''"Effects of Water Management on the Wetlands of the *Colorado River Delta, Mexico".'' Conservation Biology 10 (4): 1175–1186. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1996.10041175.x. JSTOR 2387153. edit *Rodriguez, Carlie A.; Flessa, Karl W.; Téllez-Duarte, Miguel S.; Dettman, David L.; Avila-Serrano, Guillermo A. (2001). ''"Macrofaunal and isotopic estimates of the former extent of the Colorado River estuary, upper Gulf of California, México"''. Journal of Arid Environments 49: 183–193. doi:10.1006/jare.2001.0845. Retrieved 2012–01–13. edit *Schmidt, John C.; Webb, Robert H.; Valdez, Richard A.; Marzolf, G. Richard; Stevens, Lawrence E. (September 1998). ''"Science and Values in River Restoration in the Grand Canyon".'' BioScience 48 (9): 735–747. doi:10.2307/1313336. JSTOR 1313336. edit *Cohn, Jeffrey P. (December 2001). ''"Resurrecting the Dammed: A Look at Colorado River Restoration".'' BioScience 51 (12): 998–1003. doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0998:RTDALA]2.0.CO;2. (subscription required) edit *Minckley, W. L.; Marsh, Paul C.; Deacon, James E.; Dowling, Thomas E.; Hedrick, Philip W.; Matthews, William J.; Mueller, Gordon (2003). ''"A Conservation Plan for Native Fishes of the Lower Colorado River".'' BioScience 53 (3): 219–234. doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[0219:ACPFNF]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0006-3568. (subscription required) edit == ແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນອື່ນ == * [http://www.usbr.gov/lc/hooverdam/ ເວັບທາງການຂອງເຂື່ອນຮູເວີ] * [http://hooverdam.travelnevada.com Official State of Nevada Tourism Site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180601045448/http://hooverdam.travelnevada.com/ |date=2018-06-01 }} * [http://www.constructioncompany.com/historic-construction-projects/hoover-dam Historic Construction Company Project&nbsp;– Hoover Dam] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071219122206/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/programmes/programme_archive/seven_wonders_hoover_dam_01.shtml BBC&nbsp;– Hoover Dam, industrial and social history] * [http://www.1st100.com/part1/crowe.html Frank Crowe&nbsp;– Builder of Hoover Dam] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101013223600/http://1st100.com/part1/crowe.html |date=2010-10-13 }} * [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/hoover/player/ Hoover Dam]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524113953/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/hoover/player/ |date=2013-05-24 }} - An [[American Experience]] Documentary * [http://www.bcmha.org Boulder City / Hoover Dam Museum official site] * [http://www.allaroundnevada.com/hoover-dam/ Explore Hoover Dam in virtual reality] [[ໝວດ:ເຂື່ອນ]] kd3srbf2ker2u0lxaobrvcdlycowwkj 0 8407 128333 108552 2026-06-18T20:37:38Z Randervik 18653 128333 wikitext text/x-wiki [[ຮູບ:Football in Bloomington, Indiana, 1996.jpg|thumb|right|ເຕະບານ]] '''ເຕະບານ''' ({{lang-en|Football}}) ແມ່ນ[[ກິລາ]] ມີຄົນຫຼິ້ນໃນລະຫວ່າງ 2 ທີມຂອງ 11 ຜູ້ນກັບຫນຶ່ງ[[ລູກບານ]] ຮູບກ້ອນມົນ. ເຕະບານແມ່ນກິລາທີ່ນິຍົມທີ່ສຸດໃນໂລກ. == ເບິ່ງຍັງ == * [[ແຜນການເຕະບານ]] * [[ກອງໜ້າ]] * [[ກອງກາງ]] * [[ກອງຫຼັງ]] * [[ຜູ້ຈັດການ (ບານເຕະ)]] ==ອ້າງອີງ== {{Stub}} [[ໝວດ:ກິລາ]] [[ໝວດ:ເຕະບານ| ]] kmc0a1e3h7otuhpo9p3o6ca2b3pi42m 0 8554 128337 105858 2026-06-18T23:53:31Z InternetArchiveBot 13695 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 128337 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ປັບພາສາ}}[[ຮູບ:F-15E Strike Eagle.jpg|300px|thumbnail]] <ref name=":0" />'''McDonnell Douglas''' (ໃນປັດຈຸບັນ '''Boeing''') '''ການໂຈມຕີ Eagle F-15E''' ແມ່ນທັງຫມົດສະພາບອາກາດ fighter multirole,<ref name=":0">{{cite web |url=http://www.boeing.com/boeing/defense-space/military/f15/ |title=Boeing: F-15E Strike Eagle |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date= |website=Boeing Defense, Space & Security |publisher= The Boeing Company|accessdate=2015-01-18}}</ref> ມາຈາກການ McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle. ໄດ້ F-15E ໄດ້ອອກແບບໃນປີ 1980 ສໍາລັບໄລຍະຍາວ, interdiction ຄວາມໄວສູງໂດຍບໍ່ມີການອາໄສຢູ່ໃນໄພຫຼືເຮືອບິນເອເລັກໂຕຣນິກສົງຄາມ. ສະຫະລັດທະຫານອາກາດ (USAF) Eagles F-15E ການໂຈມຕີສາມາດແຍກອອກຈາກສະຫະລັດ Eagle ອື່ນໆ variants ໂດຍ camouflage darker ແລະ້ມັນເຊື້ອໄຟສອດຄ່ອງເຫັນຕາມການໄດ້ຮັບເຄື່ອງຈັກໃນການ. ການໂຈມຕີ Eagle ໄດ້ແຈກຢາຍສໍາລັບການປະຕິບັດງານທາງທະຫານໃນອີຣັກ, ຖານແລະລີເບຍ. ໃນລະຫວ່າງການປະຕິບັດງານເຫຼົ່ານີ້ໄດ້ F-15E ໄດ້ປະຕິບັດການໂຈມຕີເລິກຕໍ່ເປົ້າຫມາຍທີ່ມີມູນຄ່າສູງ, ລາດຕະເວນທາງອາກາດການສູ້ຮົບ, ແລະສະຫນັບສະຫນູນທາງອາກາດຢ່າງໃກ້ຊິດສໍາລັບຫລາຍແດ່ຕ. ມັນໄດ້ເຫັນການປະຕິບັດຢູ່ໃນຄວາມຂັດແຍ່ງຕໍ່ມາ, ແລະໄດ້ຮັບການສົ່ງອອກໄປຫຼາຍປະເທດ. == ອ້າງອີງ == {{reflist}} == ບັນນານຸກົມ == {{Refbegin}} * {{Cite book|last=Clancy|first=Tom|title=Fighter Wing|location=London|publisher=HarperCollins, 1995|isbn=0-00-255527-1|ref={{harvid|Clancy|1995}}}} * Davies, Steve. ''Combat Legend, F-15 Eagle and Strike Eagle''. London: Airlife Publishing, 2002. ISBN 1-84037-377-6. * Davies, Steve. ''Boeing F-15E Strike Eagle, All-Weather Attack Aircraft''. London: Airlife Publishing, 2003. ISBN 1-84037-378-4. * Davies, Steve. ''F-15E Strike Eagle Units In Combat 1990–2005''. London: Osprey Publishing, 2005. ISBN 1-84176-909-6. * Davies, Steve and Doug Dildy. ''F-15 Eagle Engaged: The World's Most Successful Jet Fighter''. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing, 2007. ISBN 1-84603-169-9. * {{Cite book|last=Donald|first=David|chapter=F-15E Strike Eagle|title=[[World Airpower Journal]]|volume=21|year=|publisher=AIRtime Publishing, 1995}} * Jenkins, Dennis R. ''McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle, Supreme Heavy-Weight Fighter''. Hinckley, UK: Midland Publishing, 1998. ISBN 1-85780-081-8. * Rininger, Tyson. ''F-15 Eagle at War''. St. Paul, Minnesota: Zenith Imprint, 2009. ISBN 0-7603-3350-5. * Smallwood, William L. ''Strike Eagle: Flying the F-15E In The Gulf War.'' London: Brassey's, 1994. ISBN 978-1-57488-122-6. {{Refend}} == ລິ້ງຄ໌ພາຍນອກ == {{Commons category|F-15E Strike Eagle}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121217074722/http://www.af.mil/information/factsheets/factsheet.asp?fsID=102 F-15E USAF fact sheet] * [http://www.boeing.com/defense-space/military/f15/index.htm F-15E page] and [http://www.boeing.com/defense-space/military/f15/f-15k/index.html F-15K page on Boeing.com] * [http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=2286 F-15E on USAF National Museum web site] * [http://www.f-15e.info/ F-15E.info, a dedicated F-15E site] [[ໝວດ:ເຮືອບິນ]] [[ໝວດ:ເຮືອບິນທະຫານ]] 17gcgouj3prech43frngox190pieslh 0 8886 128340 126111 2026-06-19T00:14:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13695 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 128340 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນ ນິຄົມ |name = ຈັງຫວັດບຸລີລຳ |native_name = จังหวัดบุรีรัมย์ |settlement_type = [[ຈັງຫວັດຂອງປະເທດໄທ|ຈັງຫວັດ]] |image_skyline = ปราสาทรเขาพนมรุ้งIDSC 0827.jpg |imagesize = 250 |image_caption = [[ອຸທະຍານປະຫວັດສາດພະນົມຮຸ້ງ|ປາສາດພະນົມຮຸ້ງ]] |image_flag = |image_seal = Seal Buriram.png |anthem = ມາຣ໌ຊບຸລີລຳ |image_shield = |shield_alt = |etymology = |nickname = ເມືອງແປະ |motto = เมืองปราสาทหิน ถิ่นภูเขาไฟ ผ้าไหมสวย รวยวัฒนธรรม เลิศล้ำเมืองกีฬา <br> (ເມືອງປາສາດຫິນ ຖິ່ນພູເຂົາໄຟ ຜ້າໄໝສວຍ ລວຍວັດທະນະທຳ ເລີດລ້ຳເມືອງກີລາ) |image_map = Thailand Buriram locator map.svg |map_caption = ແຜນທີ່ປະເທດໄທ ຈັງຫວັດບຸລີລຳເນ້ນສີແດງ |coordinates = |coor_pinpoint = |coordinates_footnotes = |subdivision_type = ປະເທດ |subdivision_name = {{flag|ໄທ}} |subdivision_type1 = ອຳເພີເມືອງ |subdivision_name1 = [[ອຳເພີເມືອງບຸລີລຳ|ເມືອງບຸລີລຳ]] |established_title = ສ້າງຕັ້ງ |established_date = ຄ.ສ. 1807 |established_title1 = |established_date1 = |founder = [[ພະບາດສົມເດັດພະພຸດທະຍອດຟ້າຈຸລາໂລກມະຫາລາດ]] |seat_type = |seat = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |governing_body = |leader_party = |leader_title = ຜູ້ວ່າລາຊະການ |leader_name = ນະຣຶຊາ ໂຄສາສິວິໄລ |leader_title1 = ນາຍົກອົງການບໍລິຫານ |leader_name1 = ພູສິດ ເລັກອຸດາກອນ |unit_pref = Metric |area_footnotes = |area_urban_footnotes = <!-- <ref> </ref> --> |area_rural_footnotes = <!-- <ref> </ref> --> |area_metro_footnotes = <!-- <ref> </ref> --> |area_note = |area_water_percent = |area_rank = 17 |area_blank1_title = |area_blank2_title = <!-- square kilometers --> |area_total_km2 = 10,322.885 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_urban_km2 = |area_rural_km2 = |area_metro_km2 = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank2_km2 = |length_km = |width_km = |dimensions_footnotes = |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = |population_footnotes = |population_as_of = ຄ.ສ. 2023 |population_total = 1,573,230 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_note = |population_demonym = ຊາວບຸລີລຳ |timezone1 = [[UCT+7|ICT]] |utc_offset1 = +7 |area_code_type = |area_code = |area_codes = <!-- for multiple area codes --> |iso_code = TH-31 |registration_plate = บุรีรัมย์ |website = {{URL|buriram.go.th}} |module = |footnotes = }} '''ຈັງຫວັດບຸລີລຳ''' ແມ່ນຈັງຫວັດໃນ[[ພາກຕາເວັນອອກສຽງເໜືອ]]ຕອນລ່າງ ມີຈຳນວນປະຊາກອນຫຼາຍເປັນອັນດັບ 6 ແລະມີພື້ນທີ່ກວ້າງເປັນອັນດັບທີ່ 17 ຂອງ[[ປະເທດໄທ]] ໃນສະໄໝກ່ອນບຸລີລຳເຄີຍເປັນສ່ວນໜຶ່ງຂອງ[[ອານາຈັກໂຄດຕະບູນ]]ແລະ[[ອານາຈັກທະວາຣະວະດີ]]ເຄີຍເປັນເມືອງຂຶ້ນກັບ[[ຈັງຫວັດນະຄອນລາຊະສີມາ|ເມືອງນະຄອນລາຊະສີມາ]] == ປະຫວັດ == [[File:PhnomRung5.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[ອຸທະຍານປະຫວັດສາດພະນົມຮຸ້ງ]]]] ບຸລີລຳເປັນເມືອງແຫ່ງຄວາມຣື່ນຣົມຕາມຄວາມໝາຍຂອງຊື່ເມືອງທີ່ນ່າຢູ່ສຳລັບທ້ອງຖິ່ນແລະເປັນເມືອງທີ່ນ່າມາເຍືອນສຳລັບຄົນຕ່າງຖິ່ນ ເມືອງປາສາດຫິນໃນເຂດຈັງຫວັດບຸລີລຳມີປາສາດຫິນໃຫຍ່ໜ້ອຍ ອັນໝາຍເຖິງຄວາມຣຸ່ງເຣືອງມາແຕ່ອະດີດ ຈາກການສຶກສາຂອງນັກໂບຮານຄະດີພົບຫຼັກຖານການຢູ່ອາໄສຂອງມະນຸດມາຕັ້ງແຕ່ສະໄໝກ່ອນປະຫວັດສາດສະໄໝ[[ທະວາຣະວະດີ]]ແລະທີ່ສຳຄັນທີ່ສຸດພົບກະຈາຍຢູ່ທົ່ວໄປໃນຈັງຫວັດບຸລີລຳຫຼາຍຄື ຫຼັກຖານທາງວັດທະນະທຳຂອງຂະເໝນບູຮານເຊິ່ງມີປາສາດອິດ ແລະປາສາດຫິນເປັນຈຳນວນຫຼາຍກວ່າ 60 ແຫ່ງ ຮວມໄດ້ທັ້ງພົບແຫຼ່ງໂບຮານຄະດີທີ່ສຳຄັນຄືເຕົາເຜົາ ພາຊະນະດິນເຜົາ ແລະພາຊະນະດິນເຜົາແບບທີ່ຮຽກວ່າເຄື່ອງຖ້ວຍຂະເໝນເຊິ່ງກຳໜົດອາຍຸໄດ້ປະມານພຸດທະສະຕະວັດທີ່ 15 ເຖິງ 18 ຢູ່ທົ່ວໄປຫຼັງຈາກສະໄໝຂອງວັດທະນະທຳຂອມຫຼືຂະເໝນບູຮານແລ້ວຫຼັກຖານທາງປະຫວັດສາດຂອງຈັງຫວັດບຸລີລຳ ເລິ່ມມີຂຶ້ນອີກຄັ້ງຕອນປາຍສະໄໝກຸງສີອະຍຸທະຍາ ໂດຍປະກົດຊື່ວ່າເປັນເມືອງຂຶ້ນຂອງເມືອງນະຄອນລາຊະສີມາແລະປະກົດຊື່ຕໍ່ມາໃນສະໄໝກຸງທົນບຸລີຮອດສະໄໝກຸງລັດຕະນະໂກສິນວ່າບຸລີລຳມີຖານະເປັນເມືອງໆ ໜຶ່ງຈົນຮອດ ຄ.ສ. 1933 ໄດ້ມີການຈັດລະບຽບລາຊະການບໍລິຫານສ່ວນພາກພື້ນໃໝ່ຈຶ່ງໄດ້ຊື່ເປັນຈັງຫວັດບຸລີລຳມາຈົນຮອດປັດຈຸບັນນີ້ຊື່ເມືອງບຸລີລຳບໍ່ປະກົດໃນເອກະສານປະຫວັດສາດສະໄໝອະຍຸທະຍາແລະທົນບຸລີສະເພາະຊື່ເມືອງອື່ນ ເຊິ່ງປັດຈຸບັນເປັນອຳເພີໃນຈັງຫວັດບຸລີລຳ ໄດ້ແກ່ ເມືອງນາງຮອງ ເມືອງພຸດໄທສົງແລະເມືອງປະໂຄນໄຊ ຄ.ສ. 1776 ລາຊະສະໄໝ[[ສົມເດັດພະເຈົ້າຕາກສິນມະຫາລາດ]]ກຸງທົນບຸລີ ກົມການເມືອງນະຄອນລາຊະສີມາ ມີໃບຍອກເຂົ້າມາວ່າ ພະຍານາງຮອງຄົບຄິດເປັນກະບົດຮ່ວມກັບເຈົ້າໂອ ເຈົ້າອິນ ແລະອຸປະຮາດເມືອງຈຳປາສັກ ຈຶງໂປດໃຫ້[[ພະບາດສົມເດັດພະພຸດທະຍອດຟ້າຈຸລາໂລກມະຫາລາດ]] ເມື່ອຍັງດຳລົງຕຳແໜ່ງ ເຈົ້າພະຍາຈັກກີເປັນແມ່ທັບໄປປາບຈັບຕົວພະຍານາງຮອງປະຫານຊີວິດແລະສົມທົບເຈົ້າພະຍາສຸລະສີ ([[ສົມເດັດພະບໍວອນລາດເຈົ້າມະຫາສຸລະສິງຫະນາດ]]) ຄຸມກອງທັບຫົວເມືອງຝ່າຍເໜືອຍົກໄປຕີເມືອງຈຳປາສັກ ເມືອງໂຂງ ແລະເມືອງອັດຕະປື ໄດ້ທັງ 3 ເມືອງ ປະຫານຊີວິດ ເຈົ້າໂອ ເຈົ້າອິນ ອຸປະຮາດ ເມືອງ[[ຈຳປາສັກ]] ແລ້ວເກ້ຍກ່ອມເມືອງຕ່າງ ໆ ໄກ້ຄຽງໃຫ້ສະຫວາມິພັກ ໄດ້ແກ່ ຂະເໝນປ່າດົງ ຕະລຸງ ສຸລິນ ສັງຂະ ເມືອງຂຸຂັນ ຮວບຮວມຜູ້ຄົນຕັ້ງເມືອງຂຶ້ນໃນເຂດຂອມ ເອິ້ນວ່າ ເມືອງແປະ ແຕ່ງຕັ້ງບຸລີລຳ ແລະໃຫ້ບຸດເຈົ້າເມືອງຜະໄທສະມັນແຫ່ງພຸດໄທສົງເປັນເຈົ້າເມືອງຄົນທຳອິດ ຕໍ່ມາປະມານ ພ.ສ. 2440-2441 ເມືອງບຸລີລຳໄດ້ກັບໄປຂຶ້ນກັບມົນທົນນະຄອນລາຊະສີມາ ເອິ້ນວ່າ "ບໍລິເວນນາງຮອງ" ປະກອບດ້ວຍ ເມືອງບຸລີລຳ ນາງຮອງ ລັດຕະນະບຸລີ ປະໂຄນໄຊ ແລະພຸດໄທສົງ ພ.ສ. 2442 ມີປະກາດປ່ຽນຊື່ ໃນຄາວນີ້ປ່ຽນຊື່ ບໍລິເວນນາງຮອງແມ່ນ "ເມືອງນາງຮອງ" ມີຖານະແມ່ນ ເມືອງຈັດຕະວາ ຕັ້ງທີ່ວ່າການຢູ່ເມືອງບຸລີລຳ ແຕ່ກາຕຳແໜ່ງແມ່ນກາຜູ້ວ່າການນາງຮອງ ກະຊວງມະຫາດໄທຈຶງໄດ້ປະກາດປ່ຽນຊື່ເມືອງແມ່ນ "ເມືອງບຸລີລຳ" ແລະປ່ຽນກາຕຳແໜ່ງແມ່ນຜູ້ວ່າການເມືອງບຸລີລຳ ຕັ້ງແຕ່ວັນທີ່ 3 ສິງຫາ ພ.ສ. 2444 ເປັນຕົ້ນມາ [[ຄ.ສ. 1907]] ກະຊວງມະຫາດໄທປັບປຸງຫົວເມືອງໃນພາກຕາເວັນອອກສຽງເໜືອ ໃຫ້[[ມົນທົນນະຄອນລາຊະສີມາ]]ປະກອບດ້ວຍ 3 ເມືອງ 17 [[ອຳເພີ]] ຄື[[ເມືອງນະຄອນລາຊະສີມາ]] 10 ອຳເພີ ເມືອງ[[ໄຊຍະພູມ]] 3 ອຳເພີ ແລະເມືອງບຸລີລຳ 4 ອຳເພີ ຄື * [[ອຳເພີນາງຮອງ|ນາງຮອງ]] * [[ອຳເພີພຸດໄທສົງ|ພຸດໄທສົງ]] * [[ອຳເພີປະໂຄນໄຊ|ປະໂຄນໄຊ]] * [[ອຳເພີລັດຕະນະບຸລີ|ລັດຕະນະບຸລີ]] ຕໍ່ມາໄດ້ມີການຕາພະລາຊະບັນຍັດລະບຽບບໍລິຫານແຫ່ງລາຊະອານາຈັກສະຫຍາມ [[ຄ.ສ. 1933]] ຂຶ້ນ ຍຸບ[[ມົນທົນນະຄອນລາຊະສີມາ]] ຈັດລະບຽບບໍລິຫານລາຊະການສ່ວນພາກພື້ນອອກເປັນຈັງຫວັດແລະອຳເພີ ເມືອງບຸລີລຳຈຶງມີຖານະແມ່ນ '''ຈັງຫວັດບຸລີລຳ''' ຕັ້ງແຕ່ນັ້ນເປັນຕົ້ນມາ == ສັນຍາລັກປະຈຳຈັງຫວັດ == ; ອັກສອນຫຍໍ້ຈັງ ບຣ ; ກາປະຈຳຈັງຫວັດ ແມ່ນຮູບເທວະດາຮຳແລະປາສາດຫິນ * '''ເທວະດາຮຳ''' ໝາຍເຖິງດິນແຫ່ງເທບພະເຈົ້າຜູ້ສ້າງ ຜູ້ປາບຍຸກເຂັນ ແລະຜູ້ປາສາດສູກ * '''ທ່າຮຳ''' ໝາຍເຖິງຄວາມສຳຮານຊື່ນຊົມຍິນດີ ເຊິ່ງກົງກັບພະຍາງສຸດທ້າຍຂອງຊື່ຈັງຫວັດ * '''ປາສາດຫິນ''' ຄືປາສາດເຂົາພະນົມຮຸ້ງເຊິ່ງມີກຳແພງລ້ອມຮອບ ພາຍໃນທ້ອງພະໂຮງມີເທວະສະຖານ ; ຄຳຂວັນປະຈຳຈັງຫວັດ {{ຄຳເວົ້າ|ເມືອງ[[ອຸທະຍານປະຫວັດສາດພະນົມຮຸ້ງ|ປາສາດຫິນ]] ຖິ່ນ[[ພູເຂົາໄຟ]] ຜ້າໄໝສວຍ ຣວຍວັດທະນະທຳ|ຄຳຂວັນປະຈຳຈັງຫວັດບຸລີລຳ}} ; ຄວາມໝາຍຂອງຄຳຂວັນ * '''ເມືອງປາສາດຫິນ''' ໝາຍເຖິງບຸລີລຳມີ[[ປາສາດຫິນເຂົາພະນົມຮຸ້ງ]] ແມ່ນເອກະລັກຂອງຈັງຫວັດ * '''ຖິ່ນພູເຂົາໄຟ''' ໝາຍເຖິງ ບຸລີລຳມີ[[ພູເຂົາໄຟ]]ທີ່ດັບສະນິດແລ້ວຫຼາຍແຫ່ງ * '''ຜ້າໄໝສວຍ''' ໝາຍເຖິງ ບຸລີລຳມີການທໍຜ້າໄໝຂຶ້ນຊື່ ທີ່[[ອຳເພີນາໂພ]] * '''ຣວຍວັດທະນະທຳ''' ໝາຍເຖິງ ບຸລີລຳມີເທດສະການງານປະເພນີທີ່ຮຸ່ງເຮືອງມາຫຼາຍປີ ; '''[[ລາຍຊື່ພັນໄມ້ມົງຄົນພະລາຊະທານປະຈຳຈັງຫວັດຂອງໄທ|ພັນໄມ້ມົງຄົນພະລາຊະທານປະຈຳຈັງຫວັດ]] [[ການພຶກ|ຕົ້ນການພຶກ]] ({{lang|la|''Cassia grandis''}}) ; ຕົ້ນໄມ້ປະຈຳຈັງຫວັດ [[ແປະ (ພັນໄມ້)|ຕົ້ນແປະ]] ({{lang|la|''Vitex quinata''}}) ; ດອກໄມ້ປະຈຳຈັງຫວັດ [[File:Yellow Silk Cotton (Cochlospermum religiosum) flowers in Kolkata W IMG 4246.jpg|thumb|200px|ດອກສຸພັນນິກາ]] [[ສຸພັນນິກາ|ດອກສຸພັນນິກາ]] ({{lang|la|''Cochlospermum regium''}}) ; ສັດນ້ຳປະຈຳຫວັດ [[ກຸ້ງຝອຍ]]ນ້ຳຈືດຊະນິດ {{lang|la|''[[Macrobrachium lanchesteri]]''}} ; ທຸງປະຈຳຈັງຫວັດ ທຸງພື້ນສີມ່ວງ-ແສດ ແບ່ງເຄິ່ງຕາມແນວຕັ້ງ ກາງທຸງມໍລະຕາເທບພະຍະດາຟ້ອນຮຳໜ້າ[[ປາສາດຫິນພະນົມຮຸ້ງ]] == ໜ່ວຍການປົກຄອງ == === ການປົກຄອງສ່ວນພູມິພາກ === ການປົກຄອງແບ່ງອອກເປັນ 23 ອຳເພີ 189 ຕຳບົນ 2,212 ໝູ່ບ້ານ ເຊິ່ງອຳເພີທັງ 23 ອຳເພີມີດັງນີ້ <center> {| class="wikitable sortable" |- | rowspan="25" | [[File:Amphoe Buriram.svg|center|450px|ແຜນທີ່ຈັງຫວັດບຸລີລຳ]] ! ໝາຍເລກ ! ອຳເພີ ! ປະຊາກອນ<br /><small> (ພ.ສ. 2557)</small> ! ພື້ນທີ່<br />(ຕລ.ກມ.) ! ຄວາມໜາແໜ້ນ<br />(ຄົນ/ຕລ.ກມ.) ! ລະຫັດໄປສະນີ |- align = right | 1 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີເມືອງບຸລີລຳ]] || 217,715 || 718.235 || 303.12 || 31000 |- align = right | 2 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີຄູເມືອງ]] || 67,420 || 442.000 || 152.53 || 31190 |- align = right | 3 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີກະສັງ]] || 104,949 || 652.700 || 160.79 || 31160 |- align = right | 4 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີນາງຮອງ]] || 112,641 || 769.800 || 146.32 || 31110 |- align = right | 5 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີໜອງກີ່]] || 69,992 || 385.000 || 181.79 || 31210 |- align = right | 6 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີລະຫານຊາຍ]] || 72,950 || 735.000 || 99.25 || 31170 |- align = right | 7 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີປະໂຄນໄຊ]] || 135,835 || 890.121 || 152.60 || 31140 |- align = right | 8 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີບ້ານກວດ]] || 76,052 || 583.900 || 130.24 || 31180 |- align = right | 9 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີພຸດໄທສົງ]] || 46,738 || 330.000 || 141.63 || 31120 |- align = right | 10 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີລຳປາຍມາດ]] || 134,274 || 802.500 || 167.31 || 31130 |- align = right | 11 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີສະຕຶກ]] || 111,774 || 803.000 || 139.19 || 31150 |- align = right | 12 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີປະຄຳ]] || 45,376 || 296.029 || 153.28 || 31220 |- align = right | 13 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີນາໂພ]] || 33,080 || 255.000 || 129.72 || 31230 |- align = right | 14 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີໜອງຫົງ]] || 49,987 || 335.000 || 149.21 || 31240 |- align = right | 15 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີພັບພາໄຊ]] || 44,293 || 306.670 || 144.43 || 31250 |- align = right | 16 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີຫ້ວຍລາດ]] || 37,216 || 182.120 || 204.34 || 31000 |- align = right | 17 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີໂນນສຸວັນ]] || 24,974 || 189.630 || 131.69 || 31110 |- align = right | 18 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີຊຳນິ]] || 34,825 || 242.000 || 143.90 || 31110 |- align = right | 19 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີບ້ານໃໝ່ໄຊຍະພົດ]] || 27,046 || 175.000 || 154.54 || 31120 |- align = right | 20 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີໂນນດິນແດງ]] || 28,120 || 448.000 || 62.76 || 31260 |- align = right | 21 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີບ້ານດ່ານ]] || 30,908 || 159.100 || 194.26 || 31000 |- align = right | 22 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີແຄນດົງ]] || 32,955 || 298.000 || 110.58 || 31150 |- align = right | 23 || align="left" | [[ອຳເພີສະເຫຼີມພະກຽດ (ຈັງຫວັດບຸລີລຳ)|ອຳເພີສະເຫຼີມພະກຽດ]] || 40,128 || 349.690 || 114.75 || 31110, 31170 |- class="sortbottom" bgcolor="#dddddd" align="right" | colspan="2" align="center" | '''ຮວມ''' || '''1,579,248''' || '''10,322.885''' || '''152.69''' || |} </center> === ການປົກຄອງສ່ວນທ້ອງຖິ່ນ === [[File:Buriram town.jpg|thumb|ເທດສະບານເມືອງບຸລີລຳ]] ແບ່ງອອກເປັນ 3 [[ເທດສະບານເມືອງ]] 59 [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນ]] 1 ອົງການບໍລິຫານສ່ວນຈັງຫວັດ ແລະ 146 [[ອົງການບໍລິຫານສ່ວນຕຳບົນ]] ໂດຍມີລາຍຊື່ເທດສະບານດັ່ງນີ້ {| |- -- valign=top || '''ອຳເພີເມືອງ''' * '''[[ເທດສະບານເມືອງບຸລີລຳ]]''' * '''[[ເທດສະບານເມືອງຊຸມເຫັດ]]''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນອີສານ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນຫຼັກເຂດ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນໜອງຕາດ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບ້ານບົວ]] '''ອຳເພີນາງຮອງ''' * '''[[ເທດສະບານເມືອງນາງຮອງ]]''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນທຸ່ງແສງທອງ]] '''ອຳເພີຄູເມືອງ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນຄູເມືອງ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນຫິນເຫຼັກໄຟ]] '''ອຳເພີກະສັງ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນກະສັງ]] * [[ເທດສະບານສອງຊັ້ນ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນໜອງເຕັງ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນອຸດົມທຳ]] '''ອຳເພີໜອງກີ່''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນໜອງກີ່]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນສານເຈົ້າພໍ່ຂຸນສີ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນດອນອະຮາງ]] '''ອຳເພີລະຫັນຊາຍ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນລະຫັນຊາຍ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນຕາຈົງ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນໜອງແວງ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນສຳໂຮງໃໝ່]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນໜອງຕະຄອງ]] || '''ອຳເພີປະໂຄນໄຊ''' * [[ເທດສະບານເມືອງປະໂຄນໄຊ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນສະແລງໂຄນ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນໂຄກມ້າ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນເຂົາຄອກ]] '''ອຳເພີບ້ານກວດ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນບ້ານກວດ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນຕະຫຼາດນິຄົມປາສາດ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນບ້ານກວດປັນຍາວັດ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນໜອງໄມ້ງາມ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນຈັນທະບະເພັດ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນໂນນຈະເລີນ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນບຶງຈະເລີນ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນປາສາດ]] '''ອຳເພີພຸດໄທສົງ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນພຸດໄທສົງ]] '''ອຳເພີລຳປາຍມາດ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນລຳປາຍມາດ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນທະເມນໄຊ]] '''ອຳເພີສະຕຶກ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນສະຕຶກ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນສີສະຕຶກ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນດອນມົນ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນສະແກ]] '''ອຳເພີປະຄຳ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນປະຄຳ]] '''ອຳເພີນາໂພ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນນາໂພ]] || '''ອຳເພີໜອງຫົງ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນໜອງຫົງ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນຫ້ວຍຫິນ]] '''ອຳເພີພັບພາໄຊ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນພັບພາໄຊ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນຈັນດຸມ]] '''ອຳເພີຫ້ວຍລາດ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນຫ້ວຍລາດ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນໂຄກເຫຼັກ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນສາມແວງ]] '''ອຳເພີໂນນສຸວັນ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນໂນນສຸວັນ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນໂກກແກ້ວ]] '''ອຳເພີຊຳນິ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນຊຳນິ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນໜອງປ່ອງ]] '''ອຳເພີບ້ານໃໝ່ໄຊຍະພົດ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນບ້ານໃໝ່ໄຊຍະພົດ]] '''ອຳເພີໂນນດິນແດງ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນໂນນດິນແດງ]] '''ອຳເພີບ້ານດ່ານ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນບ້ານດ່ານ (ຈັງຫວັດບຸລີລຳ)|ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນບ້ານດ່ານ]] * [[ເທດສະບານປາສາດ]] '''ອຳເພີແຄນດົງ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນແຄນດົງ]] '''ອຳເພີສະເຫຼີມພະກຽດ''' * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນພະນົມຮຸ້ງ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນຍາຍແຍ້ມວັດທະນາ]] * [[ເທດສະບານຕຳບົນຖາວອນ]] || |} == ປະຊາກອນໃນຈັງຫວັດ == : {{legend2|#cfc;|ໝາຍເຖິງຈຳນວນປະຊາກອນໄດ້'''ເພີ່ມຂຶ້ນ'''ເມື່ອທຽບກັບປີກ່ອນ|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} : {{legend2|#f96;|ໝາຍເຖີງຈຳນວນປະຊາກອນໄດ້'''ລົດລົງ'''ເມື່ອທຽບກັບປີກ່ອນ|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {|class="wikitable sortable" style="line-height:125%" ! ອັນດັບ<br /> (ປີຫຼ້າສຸດ) !! ອຳເພີໃນຈັງຫວັດບຸລີລຳ ! [[ຄ.ສ. 2015]]<ref>กรมการปกครอง. กระทรวงมหาดไทย. "ประกาศสำนักทะเบียนกลาง กรมการปกครอง เรื่อง จำนวนราษฎรทั่วราชอาณาจักร แยกเป็นกรุงเทพมหานครและจังหวัดต่าง ๆ ตามหลักฐานการทะเบียนราษฎร ณ วันที่ 31 ธันวาคม 2557." [ออนไลน์]. เข้าถึงได้จาก: [http://stat.bora.dopa.go.th/stat/pk/pk_57.pdf http://stat.bora.dopa.go.th/stat/pk/pk_57.pdf] 2558. สืบค้น 1 มีนาคม 2558.</ref> ! [[ຄ.ສ 2014]]<ref>กรมการปกครอง. กระทรวงมหาดไทย. "ประกาศสำนักทะเบียนกลาง กรมการปกครอง เรื่อง จำนวนราษฎรทั่วราชอาณาจักร แยกเป็นกรุงเทพมหานครและจังหวัดต่าง ๆ ตามหลักฐานการทะเบียนราษฎร ณ วันที่ 31 ธันวาคม 2557." [ออนไลน์]. เข้าถึงได้จาก: [http://stat.bora.dopa.go.th/stat/pk/pk_57.pdf http://stat.bora.dopa.go.th/stat/pk/pk_57.pdf] 2558. สืบค้น 1 มีนาคม 2558.</ref> ! [[ຄ.ສ. 2013]]<ref>ราชกิจจานุเบกษา, [http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2557/E/041/18.PDF ประกาศสำนักทะเบียนกลาง เรื่อง จำนวนราษฎรทั่วราชอาณาจักร แยกเนกรุงเทพมหานครและจังหวัดต่างๆ ตามหลักฐานการทะเบียนราษฎร ณ วันที่ ๓๑ ธันวาคม ๒๕๕๖], เล่ม ๑๓๑, ตอน ๔๑ ง , ๔ มีนาคม พ.ศ. ๒๕๕๗, หน้า ๑</ref> ! [[ຄ.ສ. 2012]]<ref>กรมการปกครอง. กระทรวงมหาดไทย. "ประกาศสำนักทะเบียนกลาง กรมการปกครอง เรื่อง จำนวนราษฎรทั่วราชอาณาจักร แยกเป็นกรุงเทพมหานครและจังหวัดต่าง ๆ ตามหลักฐานการทะเบียนราษฎร ณ วันที่ 31 ธันวาคม 2555." [ออนไลน์]. เข้าถึงได้จาก: [http://stat.bora.dopa.go.th/stat/y_stat55.html http://stat.bora.dopa.go.th/stat/y_stat55.html] 2555. สืบค้น 3 เมษายน 2556.</ref> ! [[ຄ.ສ. 2011]]<ref>กรมการปกครอง. กระทรวงมหาดไทย. "ประกาศสำนักทะเบียนกลาง กรมการปกครอง เรื่อง จำนวนราษฎรทั่วราชอาณาจักร แยกเป็นกรุงเทพมหานครและจังหวัดต่าง ๆ ตามหลักฐานการทะเบียนราษฎร ณ วันที่ 31 ธันวาคม 2554." [ออนไลน์]. เข้าถึงได้จาก: [http://stat.bora.dopa.go.th/stat/y_stat54.html http://stat.bora.dopa.go.th/stat/y_stat54.html] 2555. สืบค้น 6 เมษายน 2555.</ref> ! [[ຄ.ສ. 2010]]<ref>กรมการปกครอง. กระทรวงมหาดไทย. "ประกาศสำนักทะเบียนกลาง กรมการปกครอง เรื่อง จำนวนราษฎรทั่วราชอาณาจักร แยกเป็นกรุงเทพมหานครและจังหวัดต่าง ๆ ตามหลักฐานการทะเบียนราษฎร ณ วันที่ 31 ธันวาคม 2553." [ออนไลน์]. เข้าถึงได้จาก: [http://stat.dopa.go.th/stat/y_stat53.html http://stat.dopa.go.th/stat/y_stat53.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170813111653/http://stat.dopa.go.th/stat/y_stat53.html |date=2017-08-13 }} 2553. สืบค้น 30 มกราคม 2554.</ref> ! [[ຄ.ສ. 2009]]<ref>กรมการปกครอง. กระทรวงมหาดไทย. "ประกาศสำนักทะเบียนกลาง กรมการปกครอง เรื่อง จำนวนราษฎรทั่วราชอาณาจักร แยกเป็นกรุงเทพมหานครและจังหวัดต่าง ๆ ตามหลักฐานการทะเบียนราษฎร ณ วันที่ 31 ธันวาคม 2552."[https://web.archive.org/web/20100430192118/http://203.113.86.149/stat/y_stat.html 203.113.86.149/stat/y_stat.html]สืบค้น 30 มีนาคม 2553</ref> ! [[ຄ.ສ. 2008]]<ref>กรมการปกครอง. กระทรวงมหาดไทย. "ประกาศสำนักทะเบียนกลาง กรมการปกครอง เรื่อง จำนวนราษฎรทั่วราชอาณาจักร แยกเป็นกรุงเทพมหานครและจังหวัดต่าง ๆ ตามหลักฐานการทะเบียนราษฎร ณ วันที่ 31 ธันวาคม 2551." [ออนไลน์]. เข้าถึงได้จาก: [http://www.dopa.go.th/stat/y_stat51.html http://www.dopa.go.th/stat/y_stat51.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412033818/http://www.dopa.go.th/stat/y_stat51.html |date=2016-04-12 }} 2552. สืบค้น 30 มกราคม 2552.</ref> |- | align=center |1 || [[ອຳເພີເມືອງບຸລີລຳ|ເມືອງບຸລີລຳ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 218,802 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 217,715 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 215,379 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 214,142 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 212,489 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 210,785 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 209,286 | align=right | 207,850 |- | align=center |2 || [[ອຳເພີປະໂຄນໄຊ|ປະໂຄນໄຊ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 138,232 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 135,835 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 135,516 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 134,999 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 134,367 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 134,052 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 133,389 | align=right | 133,190 |- | align=center |3 || [[ອຳເພີລຳປາຍມາດ|ລຳປາຍມາດ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 134,414 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 134,274 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 134,168 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 133,900 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 133,331 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 132,934 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 132,566 | align=right | 132,311 |- | align=center |4 || [[ອຳເພີນາງຮອງ|ນາງຮອງ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 113,005 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 112,641 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 112,198 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 111,720 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 111,175 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 110,930 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 110,412 | align=right | 110,076 |- | align=center |5 || [[ອຳເພີສະຕຶກ|ສະຕຶກ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 112,258 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 111,774 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 111,519 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 111,165 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 110,513 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 110,275 | style="background-color:#f96;" align="right"| 110,038 | align=right | 110,228 |- | align=center |6 || [[ອຳເພີກະສັງ|ກະສັງ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 105,290 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 104,949 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 104,709 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 104,335 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 104,032 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 103,757 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 103,435 | align=right | 103,159 |- | align=center |7 || [[ອຳເພີບ້ານກວດ|ບ້ານກວດ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 76,512 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 76,052 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 75,655 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 75,086 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 74,526 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 74,215 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 73,745 | align=right | 73,208 |- | align=center |8 || [[ອຳເພີລະຫານຊາຍ|ລະຫານຊາຍ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 73,339 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 72,950 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 72,744 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 72,161 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 71,742 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 71,364 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 70,888 | align=right | 70,825 |- | align=center |9 || [[ອຳເພີໜອງກີ່|ໜອງກີ່]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 70,258 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 69,992 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 69,823 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 69,631 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 69,333 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 69,324 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 68,906 | align=right | 68,584 |- | align=center |10 || [[ອຳເພີຄູເມືອງ|ຄູເມືອງ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 67,633 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 67,420 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 67,219 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 66,927 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 66,717 | style="background-color:#f96;" align="right"| 66,655 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 66,715 | align=right | 66,464 |- | align=center |11 || [[ອຳເພີໜອງຫົງ|ໜອງຫົງ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 50,047 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 49,987 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 49,893 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 49,705 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 49,411 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 49,286 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 49,110 | align=right | 48,759 |- | align=center |12 || [[ອຳເພີພຸດໄທສົງ|ພຸດໄທສົງ]] | style="background-color:#f96;" align="right"| 46,639 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 46,738 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 46,695 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 46,652 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 46,589 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 46,503 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 46,381 | align=right | 46,367 |- | align=center |13 || [[ອຳເພີປະຄຳ|ປະຄຳ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 45,580 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 45,376 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 45,189 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 44,964 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 44,678 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 44,443 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 44,220 | align=right | 44,055 |- | align=center |14 || [[ອຳເພີພັບພາໄຊ|ພັບພາໄຊ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 44,468 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 44,293 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 44,041 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 43,811 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 43,551 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 43,315 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 43,088 | align=right | 43,056 |- | align=center |15 || [[ອຳເພີສະເຫຼີມພະກຽດ (ຈັງຫວັດບຸລີລຳ)|ສະເຫຼີມພະກຽດ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 40,272 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 40,128 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 40,030 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 39,975 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 39,951 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 39,918 | style="background-color:#f96;" align="right"| 39,841 | align=right | 39,855 |- | align=center |16 || [[ອຳເພີຫ້ວຍລາດ|ຫ້ວຍລາດ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 37,349 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 37,216 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 37,053 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 36,770 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 36,639 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 36,451 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 36,328 | align=right | 36,125 |- | align=center |17 || [[ອຳເພີຊຳນິ|ຊຳນິ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 35,091 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 34,825 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 34,709 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 34,477 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 34,386 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 34,270 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 34,027 | align=right | 33,849 |- | align=center |18 || [[ອຳເພີນາໂພ|ນາໂພ]] | style="background-color:#f96;" align="right"| 33,027 | style="background-color:#f96;" align="right"| 33,080 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 33,175 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 33,108 | style="background-color:#f96;" align="right"| 33,095 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 33,187 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 33,136 | align=right | 33,032 |- | align=center |19 || [[ອຳເພີແຄນດົງ|ແຄນດົງ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 33,009 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 32,955 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 32,904 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 32,818 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 32,575 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 32,530 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 32,380 | align=right | 32,302 |- | align=center |20 || [[ອຳເພີບ້ານດ່ານ|ບ້ານດ່ານ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 31,053 | style="background-color:#f96;" align="right"| 30,908 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 30,931 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 30,802 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 30,735 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 30,729 | style="background-color:#f96;" align="right"| 30,597 | align=right | 30,598 |- | align=center |21 || [[ອຳເພີໂນນດິນແດງ|ໂນນດິນແດງ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 28,206 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 28,120 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 28,043 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 27,908 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 27,723 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 27,487 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 27,151 | align=right | 26,925 |- | align=center |22 || [[ອຳເພີບ້ານໃໝ່ໄຊຍະພົດ|ບ້ານໃໝ່ໄຊຍະພົດ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 27,090 | style="background-color:#f96;" align="right"| 27,046 | style="background-color:#f96;" align="right"| 27,065 | style="background-color:#f96;" align="right"| 27,077 | style="background-color:#f96;" align="right"| 27,091 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 27,107 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 27,062 | align=right | 26,975 |- | align=center |23 || [[ອຳເພີໂນນສຸວັນ|ໂນນສຸວັນ]] | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 25,087 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 24,974 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 24,780 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 24,607 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 24,436 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 24,248 | style="background-color:#cfc;" align="right"| 24,083 | align=right | 23,857 |- class="sortbottom" | align=center style="background:#cccccc;" | — ||style="background:#cccccc;"| ຮວມ ||align=right style="background:#cccccc;" | 1,584,661 || align=right style="background:#cccccc;" | 1,579,248 || align=right style="background:#cccccc;" | 1,573,438 || align=right style="background:#cccccc;" | 1,566,740 || align=right style="background:#cccccc;" | 1,559,085|| align=right style="background:#cccccc;" |1,553,765 || align=right style="background:#cccccc;" |1,546,784|| align=right style="background:#cccccc;" |1,541,650|| |} == ບ່ອນຕັ້ງແລະອານາເຂດ == === ລັກສະນະພູມມິສາດ === ຈັງຫວັດບຸລີລຳ ຕັ້ງຢູ່ໃນພາກຕາເວັນອອກສຽງເໜືອຕອນລຸ່ມຂອງປະເທດໄທ ລະຫວ່າງເສັ້ນຮຸ້ງທີ 14 ອົງສາ 15 ລິບດາເໜືອກັບ 15 ອົງສາ 45 ລິບດາເໜືອ ເສັ້ນແວງທີ 102 ອົງສາ 30 ລິບດາກັບ 103 ອົງສາ 45 ລິບດາຕາເວັນອອກ ຫ່າງຈາກບາງກອກໂດຍທາງລົດຍົນປະມານ 412 ກິໂລແມັດ ທາງລົດໄຟປະມານ 376 ກິໂລແມັດ ມີອານາເຂດຕິດຕໍ່ກັບຈັງຫວັດແລະປະເທດໄກ້ຄຽງດັ່ງນີ້ * '''ທິດເໜືອ''' ຕິດຕໍ່ກັບ[[ຈັງຫວັດຂອນແກ່ນ]] [[ຈັງຫວັດມະຫາສາລະຄາມ]] ແລະ[[ຈັງຫວັດສຸລິນ]] * '''ທິດຕາເວັນອອກ''' ຕິດຕໍ່ກັບຈັງຫວັດສຸລິນ * '''ທິດໃຕ້''' ຕິດຕໍ່ກັບ[[ຈັງຫວັດສະແກ້ວ]] ແລະ[[ປະເທດກຳປູເຈຍ]] * '''ທິດຕາເວັນຕົກ''' ຕິດຕໍ່ກັບ[[ຈັງຫວັດນະຄອນລາຊະສີມາ]] ຈັງຫວັດບຸລີລຳ ມີເນື້ອທີ່ຮວມ 10,322,885 ຕາລາງກິໂລແມັດ ຫຼື 6,451,178,125 ໄຣ່ ຄິດເປັນຮ້ອຍລະ 6.11 ຂອງພື້ນທີ່ພາກຕາເວັນອອກສຽງເໜືອ ແລະຮ້ອຍລະ 2.01 ຂອງພື້ນທີ່ປະເທດ == ອ້າງອີງ == {{ລາຍການອ້າງອີງ}} {{ຈັງຫວັດ}} [[ໝວດ:ຈັງຫວັດໃນປະເທດໄທ]] 6m3li2t236gbkz2a9nhc0q94mplhirl 0 9161 128336 121107 2026-06-18T23:53:23Z InternetArchiveBot 13695 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 128336 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[[ສາຍການບິນລາວ]] ຖ້ຽວບິນ 301''' ເປັນຖ້ຽວບິນພາຍໃນເດີນທາງຈາກ [[ນະຄອນຫຼວງວຽງຈັນ]] ໄປສູ່ປາຍທາງເມືອງ [[ປາກເຊ]], ແຂວງ [[ຈຳປາສັກ]], ປະເທດລາວ. ໃນວັນທີ 16 ຕຸລາ 2013, ເຮືອບິນ [[ATR 72#ATR 72-600|ATR 72–600]] ທີ່ກຳລັງທຳການບິນຢູ່ໄດ້ເກີດອຸປະຕິເຫດຕົກລົງ [[ແມ່ນ້ຳຂອງ]] ໃກ້ກັບເມືອງ [[ປາກເຊ]], ເຮັດໃຫ້ຄົນ 49 ຄົນທີ່ຢູ່ໃນເຮືອບິນເສຍຊີວິດ. ອຸປະຕິເຫດດັ່ງກ່າວເປັນເທື່ອທຳອິດທີ່ເກີດຂຶ້ນກັບເຮືອບິນ ATR 72–600,<ref name=Flight>{{cite news|title= ATR releases more details on Lao Airlines crash|first= Ellis|last= Taylor|location= Singapore|publisher= [[Flightglobal]]|date= 17 October 2013|url= http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/atr-releases-more-details-on-lao-airlines-crash-391807/|archiveurl= https://archive.today/20131017211846/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/atr-releases-more-details-on-lao-airlines-crash-391807/|archivedate= 17 ຕຸລາ 2013|access-date= 26 ກຸມພາ 2015|url-status= live}}</ref> ທີ່ມີີຜູ່ເສຍຊີວິດຫຼາຍທີ່ສຸດທີ່ເກີດຂຶ້ນກັບຊາວລາວ ແລະເປັນອຸປະຕິເຫດທີ່ເກີດຂຶ້ນກັບເຮືອບິນ ATR 72 ຮ້າຍແຮງເປັນອັນດັບ 3 ຮອງຈາກ [[Aero Caribbean Flight 883]] ແລະ [[American Eagle Flight 4184]] ເຊິ່ງພາກຊີວິດຄົນໄປ 68 ຄົນ. ນອກຈາກນັ້ນ, ອຸປະຕິເຫດຄັ້ງດັ່ງກ່າວຍັງເປັນອຸປະຕິເຫດຄັ້ງຮ້າຍແຮງທຳອິດສຳລັບສາຍການບິນລາວນັບຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2000 ເປັນຕົ້ນມາ.<ref name=ASNLaos>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/country/country.php?id=RDPL |title=Laos air safety profile |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |accessdate=16 October 2013}}</ref><ref name=ASNLao>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/operator/airline.php?var=5826 |title=Lao Aviation |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |accessdate=16 October 2013}}</ref><ref name=ASNLaoair>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/operator/airline.php?var=5827 |title=Lao Airlines |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |accessdate=16 October 2013}}</ref><ref name=ASN191000>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/operator/airline.php?var=5826 |title=Lao Aviation incident record |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |accessdate=29 October 2013}}</ref> ລາຍງານການສືບສວນລະບຸວ່າອຸປະຕິເຫດຄັ້ງນີ້ອາດເປັນຜົນມາຈາກຄວາມຜິດພາດຂອງນັກບິນ.<ref name=7NewsLaoCrash>{{cite news |last=Corben |first=Ron |date=November 29, 2014 |title=Pilot error 'probable cause' for Lao crash |url=https://au.news.yahoo.com/world/a/25642322/pilot-error-probable-cause-for-lao-crash/ |newspaper=Seven News |location=Australia |accessdate=29 November 2014 |archive-date=3 ທັນວາ 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141203211757/https://au.news.yahoo.com/world/a/25642322/pilot-error-probable-cause-for-lao-crash/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> ==ເຮືອບິນ== ເຮືອບິນທີ່ເກີດອຸປະຕິເຫດແມ່ນ [[ATR 72-600]], ລົງທະບຽນ RDPL-34233, ໝາຍເລກຊີຣຽວ 1071, ມີຊົ່ວໂມງບິນ 758 ຊົ່ວໂມງ. ຖືກຈັດສົ່ງໃຫ້ກັບ [[ສາຍການບິນລາວ]] ໃນວັນທີ 29 ມີນາ 2013.<ref name=VT>{{cite web |url=http://www.vientianetimes.org.la/FreeContent/FreeConten_Recovery.htm |title=Recovery effort underway after Lao Airlines plane crash |first=Somsack |last=Pongkhao |publisher=Vientiane Times |accessdate=18 October 2013}}</ref><ref name=WAN>{{cite web |url=http://www.airfleets.net/ficheapp/plane-atr-1071.htm |title=Lao Airlines ATR 42/72 – MSN 1071 – RDPL-34233 |publisher=airfleets.net |accessdate=16 October 2013}}</ref> ==ອຸປະຕິເຫດ== ເຮືອບິນລຳດັ່ງກ່າວແມ່ນກຳລັງບິນເສັ້ນທາງການບິນພາຍໃນຈາກ [[ສະໜາມບິນສາກົນວັດໄຕ]], [[ນະຄອນຫຼວງວຽງຈັນ]] ໄປສູ່ [[ສະໜາມບິນສາກົນວັດໄຕ]], ເມືອງ [[ປາກເຊ]], ແຂວງ [[ຈຳປາສັກ]], ປະເທດລາວ.<ref name=WAN2>{{cite web |url=http://worldairlinenews.com/2013/10/16/breaking-news-a-lao-airlines-atr-72-crashes-in-the-mekong-river-44-people-on-board/ |title=Breaking News: A Lao Airlines ATR 72 crashes in the Mekong River, 44 people on board |first=Bruce |last=Drum |publisher=World Airline News |accessdate=16 October 2013 |archive-date=24 ຕຸລາ 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131024090857/http://worldairlinenews.com/2013/10/16/breaking-news-a-lao-airlines-atr-72-crashes-in-the-mekong-river-44-people-on-board/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=AH46a05359>{{cite web |url=http://avherald.com/h?article=46a05359&opt=0/ |title=Crash: Lao AT72 at Pakse on Oct 16th 2013, went into Mekong River on approach |first=Simon |last=Hradecky |publisher=The Aviation Herald |accessdate=16 October 2013}}</ref> ຖ້ຽວບິນດັ່ງກ່າວໄດ້ອອກຈາກນະຄອນຫຼວງວຽງຈັນເວລາ 14:45 [[UTC+7|ຕາມເວລາທ້ອງຖິ່ນ]] (07:45 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]) ແລະຕົກລົງສູ່ [[ແມ່ນ້ຳຂອງ]] ເວລາ 15:55 (08:55 UTC) ໃນຂະນະທີ່ເຂົ້າສູ່ປາກເຊເປັນເທື່ອທີສອງດ້ວຍໄລຍະຫ່າງພຽງ 6 ກິໂລແມັດຈາກສະໜາມບິນ.<ref name=Reuters2/><ref name=VoR>{{cite web |url=http://voiceofrussia.com/news/2013_10_16/Lao-plane-crashes-into-the-Mekong-River-6294/ |title=Lao plane crashes into Mekong River, 39 people killed |publisher=Voice of Russia |accessdate=16 October 2013 |archive-date=16 ຕຸລາ 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016150622/http://voiceofrussia.com/news/2013_10_16/Lao-plane-crashes-into-the-Mekong-River-6294/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=Flight2>{{cite news |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/lao-airlines-working-to-identify-cause-of-atr-72-crash-391822/ |title= Lao Airlines working to identify cause of ATR 72 crash |first= Mavis |last= Toh |location= Singapore |publisher= [[Flightglobal]] |archiveurl= https://archive.today/20131018033609/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/lao-airlines-working-to-identify-cause-of-atr-72-crash-391822/ |archivedate= 18 ຕຸລາ 2013 |access-date= 26 ກຸມພາ 2015 |url-status= live }}</ref> ເຮືອບິນໄດ້ມີການບິນວົນເທື່ອນຶ່ງແລ້ວເນື່ອງຈາກສະພາບອາກາດທີ່ບໍ່ດີ ແລະພະຍາຍາມບິນຕາມເສັ້ນທາງລົມອີກເທື່ອນຶ່ງກ່ອນທີ່ຈະຕົກລົງແມ່ນ້ຳທີ່ຢູ່ໃກ້ໆກັນ.<ref name=AH46a05359 /> ມີຈຸບິນ 5 ຄົນ ແລະຜູ່ໂດຍສານ 44 ຄົນຢູ່ໃນເຮືອບິນ, ທັງໝົດເຊື່ອວ່າເສຍຊີວິດທັນທີທີ່ເຮືອບິນຕົກລົງ.<ref name=Big/> ຮ້ອງຮອຍທີ່ຢູ່ພາກພື້ນລະບຸວ່າເຮືອບິນມີການຕົກລົງພື້ນຢ່າງຮຸນແຮງກ່ອນທີ່ຈະຈົມລົງແມ່ນ້ຳຂອງ.<ref name=Aiken/> ສະພາບອາກາດໃນເວລາດັ່ງກ່າວມີການລາຍງານວ່າຢູ່ໃນສະພາບທີ່ບໍ່ດີຫຼາຍເນື່ອງຈາກຜົນຂອງພະຍຸ [[ໄຕ້ຝຸ່ນນາລີ (2013)|ພະຍຸໄຕ້ຝຸ່ນນະລີ]] ທີ່ກຳລັງສົ່ງຜົນກະທົບກັບພາກໃຕ້ຂອງລາວໃນເວລາດັ່ງກ່າວ.<ref name=AH46a05359/><ref name=CNN>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/10/16/world/asia/laos-plane-crash/index.html?hpt=hp_t2|title=Dozens reported killed in Laos plane crash|publisher=CNN|accessdate=16 October 2013|date=16 October 2013}}</ref> Recovery of the victims and wreckage was hampered by the fast-flowing, deep waters of the Mekong. To assist with the search, 50 divers from Thailand were brought in.<ref name=VT/> Eighteen of the victims had been recovered as of 18 October.<ref name=VT2>{{cite web |url=http://www.vientianetimes.la/FreeContent/FreeConten_Govt_demands.htm |title=Govt demands prompt rescue operation after Pakxe plane crash |publisher=Vientiane Times |accessdate=19 October 2013 |archive-date=20 ຕຸລາ 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020055743/http://www.vientianetimes.la/FreeContent/FreeConten_Govt_demands.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> By 23 October 44 of the 49 victims had been recovered. Identification had been confirmed for 27 of them.<ref name=MCOT>{{cite web |url=http://www.mcot.net/site/content?id=526744ca150ba0386e00016e#.UmjBrHC-pi1 |title=26 bodies identified, Lao aircraft lifted from Mekong River | publisher=MCOT |date=23 October 2013 |accessdate=24 October 2013}}</ref> Some of the victims were found {{convert|19|km|mi}} downstream of the crash site.<ref name=Aiken/> ==ການສືບສວນ== The [[Laotian Department of Civil Aviation]] opened an investigation into the accident.<ref name=VT/> The aircraft's manufacturer [[ATR (aircraft manufacturer)|ATR]] and the French [[Bureau d'Enquêtes et d'Analyses pour la Sécurité de l'Aviation Civile]] (BEA) are assisting them.<ref name=AH46a05359/> The BEA sent four investigators to Laos.<ref name=BEA>{{cite web|url=http://www.bea.aero/en/enquetes/pakse/pakse.php|title=Flight QV 301 on 16 October 2013 – ATR 72–600|publisher=[[Bureau d'Enquêtes et d'Analyses pour la Sécurité de l'Aviation Civile]]|accessdate=17 October 2013|archive-date=21 ຕຸລາ 2013|archive-url=https://archive.ph/20131021152513/http://www.bea.aero/en/enquetes/pakse/pakse.php|url-status=dead}}() – [http://www.bea.aero/fr/enquetes/pakse/pakse.php French version] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150331033548/http://www.bea.aero/fr/enquetes/pakse/pakse.php |date=2015-03-31 }}()</ref> The wreckage of the aircraft was lifted from the Mekong on 22 October 2013.<ref name=MCOT/> More than two weeks after the accident, on 31 October 2013, the [[Cockpit Voice Recorder]] was successfully recovered from the Mekong.<ref name=AH46a05359/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.laoairlines.com/hotnews/announcement11.html |title=Announcement#11 |publisher=Lao Airlines |accessdate=31 October 2013}}</ref> The [[Flight Data Recorder]] was recovered two days later on 2 November.<ref name=AH46a05359/> According to the official investigation report, released on 28 November 2014, the probable cause of the accident was the failure of the pilots to land safely in the changed weather conditions, after a first failed landing.<ref name=7NewsLaoCrash/> ==ຜູ່ໂດຍສານ ແລະລູກເຮືອ== The victims were of eleven nationalities. Of the 44 passengers on board, 16 were Laotian,<ref name=Big>{{cite web |url=http://bigstory.ap.org/article/thai-official-says-plane-crash-laos-kills-44 |title=49 feared dead in plane crash in Laos |publisher=Associated Press |first=Thanyarat |last=Doksone |accessdate=16 October 2013 |archive-date=16 ຕຸລາ 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016151257/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/thai-official-says-plane-crash-laos-kills-44 |url-status=dead }}</ref> as were four of the five crew. The pilot was a Cambodian national.<ref name=Aiken>{{cite web |url=http://www.aikenstandard.com/article/20131017/AIK0106/131019456/1013/bodies-recovered-in-mekong-after-laos-plane-crash |title=Bodies recovered in Mekong after Laos plane crash |first=Jerry |last=Harmer |publisher=The Aiken Standard |date=17 October 2013 |accessdate=18 October 2013 |archive-date=19 ຕຸລາ 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019133211/http://www.aikenstandard.com/article/20131017/AIK0106/131019456/1013/bodies-recovered-in-mekong-after-laos-plane-crash |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=CNN/> The remaining casualties consisted of seven French nationals, six Australians, five Thais, three South Koreans, three Vietnamese, and one each from China, [[Taiwan]], [[Malaysia]] and the United States.<ref name=Reuters2>{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/10/17/us-laos-crash-idUSBRE99F0GH20131017|title=Bad weather being blamed for Lao Airlines crash which killed 49 passengers and crew|publisher=Reuters|date=17 October 2013|accessdate=17 October 2013}}</ref><ref name=Aiken/><ref name=Lemonde>{{cite web |url=http://www.lemonde.fr/asie-pacifique/article/2013/10/16/quarante-quatre-morts-dans-un-accident-d-avion-au-laos_3496816_3216.html|title=Au moins sept Français morts dans un accident d'avion au Laos|publisher=Le Monde|language=French|date=16 October 2013|accessdate=16 October 2013}}</ref><ref name=Bangkok>{{cite web|url=http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/local/375031/lao-airlines-crash-in-pakse-kills-all-49-on-board|title=Lao Airlines plane crashes, 49 killed|publisher=Bangkok Post|date=16 October 2013|accessdate=16 October 2013}}</ref><ref name=BBC24554128>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-24554128|title=At least 44 people die in plane crash|publisher=BBC News|date=16 October 2013|accessdate=16 October 2013}}</ref><ref name=LaoCEO>{{cite web|url=http://www.laoairlines.com/hotnews/ceo-press-conference.html|title=CEO Press Conference|publisher=Lao Airlines|date=17 October 2013|accessdate=17 October 2013}}</ref> At least two children, both from Australia, were among the dead.<ref name=Big2>{{cite web |url=http://www.news.com.au/world-news/six-aussies-dead-in-plane-crash-laos/story-fndir2ev-1226741301706 |title=Six Aussies dead as Lao Airlines plane carrying 49 people crashes into Mekong River |publisher=News.com.au |accessdate=17 October 2013 }}{{Dead link|date=ກັນຍາ 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Early reports that a Canadian was on board were incorrect, since it was later determined that the individual was a Vietnamese national.<ref name=City>{{cite web |url=http://www.citynews.ca/2013/10/18/no-canadians-on-crashed-plane-in-laos/ |title=No Canadians on crashed plane in Laos |publisher=Citynews |accessdate=18 October 2013 |archive-date=19 ຕຸລາ 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019194316/http://www.citynews.ca/2013/10/18/no-canadians-on-crashed-plane-in-laos/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;" |- !Country !Passengers !Crew !Total |- |align=left|{{flagu|Laos}}|| 16 || 4 || 20 |- |align=left|{{flagu|France }}|| 7 || {{Hs|0}} || 7 |- |align=left|{{flagu|Australia }}|| 6 || {{Hs|0}} || 6 |- |align=left|{{flagu|Thailand }}|| 5 || {{Hs|0}} || 5 |- |align=left|{{flagu|Korea, Republic of }}|| 3 || {{Hs|0}} || 3 |- |align=left|{{flagu|Vietnam }}|| 3 || {{Hs|0}} || 3 |- |align=left|{{flagu|Cambodia }}|| || 1 || 1 |- |align=left|{{flagu|China }}|| 1 || {{Hs|0}} || 1 |- |align=left|{{flagu|Malaysia }}|| 1 || {{Hs|0}} || 1 |- |align=left|{{flagu|Taiwan }}|| 1 || {{Hs|0}} || 1 |- |align=left|{{flagu|United States }}|| 1 || {{Hs|0}} || 1 |- !Total !44 !5 !49 |} ==References== {{reflist|2}} ==External links== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131127140632/http://www.laoairlines.com/hotnews.html Announcement] – [[Lao Airlines]] (Documents available in English and Lao) (Archive) {{Portal bar|Laos|2010s|Aviation|Disasters|border=no}} {{aviation accidents and incidents in 2013}} [[Category:2013 in Laos]] [[Category:Accidents and incidents involving the ATR 72]] [[Category:Aviation accidents and incidents in 2013]] [[Category:Aviation accidents and incidents in Laos]] [[Category:Mekong River]] 80myfqezgn854981v9vtpvlvhet72vy 0 14627 128338 127548 2026-06-18T23:58:40Z InternetArchiveBot 13695 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 128338 wikitext text/x-wiki           '''ການປະກວດຄວາມງາມ''' ({{lang-en|beauty pageant}}) ເປັນການແຂ່ງຂັນທີ່ເນັ້ນຄວາມສໍາຄັນໃນການຕັດສິນແລະຈັດອັນດັບຄຸນະລັກສະນະທາງກາຍະພາບຂອງຜູ້ເຂົ້າແຂ່ງຂັນແມ້ວວ່າການແຂ່ງຂັນບາງສ່ວນຈະມີລັກສະນະບຸກຄະລິກກະພາບສະຫລາດພອນສະຫວັນແລະຄໍາຕອບສໍາຫລັບຄໍາຖາມຂອງຄະນະກໍາມະການຕາມເກນທີ່ຕັດສິນ ວະລີນີ້ເກືອບຈະໝາຍເຖິງການແຂ່ງຂັນຂອງຜູ້ຫຍິງແລະຜູ້ຫຍິງເທົ່ານັ້ນເຫດການຫລືການແຂ່ງຂັນທີ່ຄ້າຍກັນສໍາຫລັບຜູ້ຊາຍຫລືເດັກຜູ້ຊາຍທີ່ຖືກເອີ້ນໂດຍຊື່ອື່ນ ໆ ແລະມີແນວໂນ້ມທີ່ຈະເຂົ້າຮ່ວມການແຂ່ງຂັນເພາະກາຍ           ຜູ້ຈັດວຽກປະກວດແຕ່ລະຄັ້ງອາດກໍາຫນົດກະຕິກາການແຂ່ງຂັນລວມເຖິງຊ່ວງອາຍຸຂອງຜູ້ແຂ່ງຂັນກົດອາດຕ້ອງໃຫ້ແກ່ຜູ້ເຂົ້າແຂ່ງຂັນເປັນໂສດແລະເປັນ "ຜູ້ດີ", "ມືສະຫມັກຫຼິ້ນ" ແລະພ້ອມສໍາຫລັບໂປໂມຊັນນອກເຫນືອຈາກເກນອື່ນ ໆ ນອກຈາກນີ້ຍັງອາດກໍາຫນົດມາດຕະຖານເສື້ອຜ້າທີ່ຈະຕັດສິນຜູ້ແຂ່ງຂັນລວມເຖິງປະເພດຂອງຊຸດລອຍນ້ໍາ           ການປະກວດຄວາມງາມໂດຍທົ່ວໄປຈະມີຫລາຍຊັ້ນໂດຍມີການແຂ່ງຂັນໃນລະດັບທ້ອງຖິ່ນເຂົ້າສູ່ການແຂ່ງຂັນທີ່ມີຂະໜາດໃຫຍ່ຕົວຢ່າງເຊັ່ນການແຂ່ງຂັນລະຫວ່າງປະເທດມີການແຂ່ງຂັນລະດັບທ້ອງຖິ່ນນັບຮ້ອຍນັບພັນ ໆ ຄັ້ງການປະກວດຄວາມງາມຂອງເຍົາວະຊົນສ່ວນໃຫຍ່ ມຸ່ງເນັ້ນໄປທີ່ຄວາມສວຍຄວາມງາມການແຕ່ງກາຍກິລາການສ້າງແບບຈໍາລອງຄວາມສາມາດແລະການສໍາພາດສ່ວນບຸກຄົນ ການປະກວດສໍາຫລັບຜູ້ໃຫຍ່ແລະໄວລຸ້ນເນັ້ນການແຕ່ງຫນ້າຜົມແລະເສື້ອຄຸມອາບນ້ໍາແບບຈໍາລອງຊຸດລອຍນ້ໍາແລະການສໍາພາດສ່ວນບຸກຄົນຜູ້ຊະນະການປະກວດຄວາມງາມມັກເອີ້ນວ່ານາງງາມການຈັດອັນດັບຂອງຜູ້ແຂ່ງຂັນຈະເອີ້ນວ່າຕຳແໜ່ງ           ຮາງວັນທີ່ເປັນໄປໄດ້ໄດ້ແກ່ມົງກຸດ, ສາຍສະພາຍຕຳແໜ່ງ, ທຶນການເສິກສາແລະຮາງວັນເງິນສົດຢ່າງໄຮກໍຕາມການເຂົ້າປະກວດໃນໄວຜູ້ໃຫຍ່ແລະໄວຮຸ່ນໄດ້ຮັບຄວາມສົນໃຈຫລາຍຂຶ້ນໃນການພິຈາລະນາການເວົ້າບາງການປະກວດຮາງວັນທຶນການເສິກສາວິທະຍາໄລເພື່ອຜູ້ຊະນະຫລືຜູ້ຊະນະຫລາຍຄົນ<ref>[[:en:Miss_Teenage_California|Miss Teenage California]] รางวัลทุนการศึกษาจากเว็บไซต์ประกวด [https://web.archive.org/web/20110714102215/http://www.missteenageca.com/ Archived] 18 ມັງກອນ 2018</ref> ==ປະວັດ== [[File:The Lord of the Tournament as victor presents to the Queen of Beauty.JPG|thumb| ດັດເຊດແຫ່ງຊອມເມີເຊັດໄດ້ຮັບການສວມມົງກຸດ "ສົມເດັດພະລາຊິນີແຫ່ງຄວາມງາມ" ໃນການແຂ່ງຂັນລີນຕັນປີ ຄ.ສ. 1839 ການປະກວດຄວາມງາມຄັ້ງທໍາອິດທີ່ຮູ້ຈັກກັນດີ |alt=|200x200px]] ===ຊ່ວງປີທໍາອິດ ໆ===           ເທສະການຍຸໂລບທີ່ກໍາລັງສ້າງຂຶ້ນໃນສະໄຫມຍຸກກາງຖືເປັນວົງຕະກູນທີ່ກົງທີ່ສຸດສໍາຫລັບການປະກວດຄວາມງາມ ຕົວຢ່າງເຊັ່ນການເສລິມສະຫລອງວັນພາສາອັງກິດໃນເດືອນພຶດສະພາມີສ່ວນກ່ຽວຂ້ອງກັບການເລືອກ May Queen ໃນສະຫະລັດອະເມລິກາທໍາມະຊາດໃນການເລືອກຜູ້ຫຍິງມາເປັນສັນລັກແຫ່ງຄວາມໂປດປານແລະອຸດົມຄະຕິຂອງຊຸມຊົນໃນວັນພຸດທີ່ຜ່ານມາໃນຂະນະທີ່ຍິງສາວສວຍ ໆ ຕ່າງກໍມີສ່ວນຮ່ວມໃນການເສລິມສະຫລອງໃນທີ່ສາທາລະນະ<ref>[https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/missamerica/peopleevents/e_origins.html "Miss America: People & Events: Origins of the Beauty Pageant"]. Pbs.org. Retrieved 18 01 2018.</ref> ປະກວດຄວາມງາມຈັດຂຶ້ນລະຫວ່າງການແຂ່ງຂັນລີນຕັນຈາກ 1839 ຈັດໂດຍ Archibald Montgomerie, 13 ເອີນແຫ່ງລິນຕັນຊຶ່ງເປັນສ່ວນຫນຶ່ງຂອງການຕາກົດໝາຍໃໝ່ຂອງການແຂ່ງຂັນໃນຍຸກກາງທີ່ຈັດຂຶ້ນໃນ[[ປະເທດສກອຕແລນດ໌|ສກອຕແລນດ໌]] ດັດເຊດແຫ່ງຊໍເມີເຊັດພອນລະຢາຂອງເອັດເວີດມົວ 12 ຍຸກແຫ່ງຊໍາເມີເຊັດແລະນ້ອງສາວຂອງແຄໂລໄລນໍຕັນແລະເຈົ້າກໍປະກາດວ່າ "ລາຊິນີແຫ່ງຄວາມງາມ"<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5vfonRGFZ3k 18 มกราคม 2018</ref>           ຜູ້ປະກອບການຟິນີແອດເທເລີບານາມຈັດສະແດງການປະກວດອະເມລິກັນສະໄຫມທໍາອິດໃນປີ 1854 ແຕ່ການປະກວດຄວາມງາມຂອງເຂົາຖືກປິດລົງຫລັງການປະທ້ວງຂອງສາທາລະນະຊົນ<ref>[https://www.loc.gov/wiseguide/aug08/beauty.html "It's Not a Beauty Pageant. It's a Scholarship Competition!"]. ''The LOC.GOV Wise Guide''. Library of Congress. August 2008. Retrieved 18 01 2018</ref><ref>Colin Blakemore and Sheila Jennett, ed. (2006). ''The Oxford companion to the body'' (1. publ. ed.). Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. [[เลขมาตรฐานสากลประจำหนังสือ|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/0-19-852403-X|0-19-852403-X]]. 18 มกราคม 2018</ref> === ການປະກວດລະດັບຊາດ === [[File:11 women and a little girl lined up for bathing beauty contest.png|thumb|ປະກວດຄວາມງາມອາບນ້ໍາສະຫະລັດອະເມລິກາ 1920|200x200px|alt=]]           ການປະກວດຄວາມງາມກາຍເປັນທີ່ນິຍົມຫລາຍຂຶ້ນໃນຍຸກ 1880 ໃນປີຄ.ສ. 1888 ຊື່ 'ລາຊິນີງາມ' ໄດ້ຮັບຮາງວັນໃຫ້ກັບຜູ້ເຂົ້າປະກວດຄລີໂອອາຍຸ 18 ປີໃນການປະກວດ           ໃນສະປາ[[ປະເທດເບລຢຽມ|ເບລຢຽມ]] ຜູ້ເຂົ້າຮ່ວມປະຊຸມທຸກຄົນຕ້ອງຈັດຫາຮູບຖ່າຍແລະຄໍາອະທິບາຍສັ້ນ ໆ ຂອງຕົວເອງເພື່ອໃຫ້ສາມາດເຂົ້າຮ່ວມໄດ້ແລະມີການຕັດສິນໂດຍຄະນະກໍາມະການຢ່າງເປັນທາງການຄັ້ງທີ່ 21<ref>[http://florida-beauty-pageants.com/ "Beauty Pageants History: The Beginning and Beyond"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180307142546/http://florida-beauty-pageants.com/ |date=2018-03-07 }}. Retrieved 18 01 2018.</ref> ເຫດການດັງກ່າວບໍ່ໄດ້ຮັບການຍົກຍ່ອງເປັນທີ່ນັບຖືການປະກວດຄວາມງາມໄດ້ຮັບການພິຈາລະນາໃຫ້ເກີຍລດຫລາຍຂຶ້ນດ້ວຍການປະກວດ "ມິສອະເມລິກາ" ຄັ້ງທໍາອິດໃນປີ 1921.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5vfonRGFZ3k 18 มกราคม 2018</ref> [[File:Lone Star State Selects Beauties for 100 Year Pageant.ogv|thumb|ລັດ Lone Star ເລືອກຄວາມງາມສໍາຫລັບການປະກວດ 100 ປີ<ref>Universal Newsreel (1935). [http://www.texasarchive.org/library/index.php?title=Lone_Star_State_Selects_Beauties_for_100_Year_Pageant&gsearch=beauties "Lone Star State Selects Beauties for 100 Year Pageant"]. Texas Archive of the Moving Image.</ref>|200x200px]]           ການປະກວດທີ່ເກົ່າແກ່ທີ່ສຸດຍັງຄົງດໍາເນີນຢູ່ໃນປັດຈຸບັນຄືການປະກວດມິສອະເມລິກາຊຶ່ງຈັດໂດຍນັກທຸລະກິດທ້ອງຖິ່ນໃນປີ 1921 ເພື່ອດຶງດູດນັກທ່ອງທ່ຽວໃຫ້ໄປແອດແລນຕິກຊິຕີ, ລັດນິວເຈີຊີ<ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20070110195439/http://www.pageant-almanac.com/history.php "History"]. ''Pageant Almanac''. Pageant Almanac. Archived from the original on 12 December 2008. 18 01 2018</ref> ການປະກວດເປັນເຈົ້າພາບໃນການປະກວດຄວາມງາມຂອງຫນັງສືພິມທ້ອງຖິ່ນໃນວຽກ "Inter-City Beauty" ຊຶ່ງມີຜູ້ເຂົ້າຮ່ວມກວ່າແສນຄົນມາກາເລັດກໍແມນໄວ 16 ປີຈາກກຸງວໍຊິງຕັນດີຊີໄດ້ຄອງຕໍາແຫນ່ງມິສອະເມລິກາ 1921 ຊຶ່ງໄດ້ຮັບຮາງວັນທັງການແຂ່ງຂັນຍອດນິຍົມແລະການປະກວດຄວາມງາມແລະໄດ້ຮັບຮາງວັນ 100 ຫຼຽນ<ref>[http://www.credoreference.com/entry/rutgersnj/miss_america "Miss America"] ''In Encyclopedia of New Jersey''. 2004. 18 01 2018</ref> ===ການປະກວດລະດັບນານາຊາດ===           ໃນເດືອນພຶດສະພາປີ 1920 ໂປໂມເຕີ C.E Barfield ແຫ່ງກັສເວສຕັນເທັກຊັດໄດ້ຈັດກິດຈະກໍາໃໝ່ທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າ "Splash Day" บนเกาะ งานนี้เป็นการแข่งขัน "Bathing Girl Revue" ຊຶ່ງເປັນຫົວໃຈສໍາຄັນຂອງສະຖານທີ່ທ່ອງທ່ຽວ<ref>Stein, Elissa (2006). [https://books.google.com/?id=x98xu9DPmjEC ''Beauty Queen: Here She Comes..''] Chronicle Books. p. 37. [[เลขมาตรฐานสากลประจำหนังสือ|ISBN]] [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8118-4864-0|978-0-8118-4864-0]]. [http://www1.assumption.edu/ahc/vanities/ "Revues and other Vanities: The Commodification of Fantasy in the 1920s"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222004146/http://www1.assumption.edu/ahc/vanities/ |date=2012-02-22 }}. Assumption College. 18 01 2018</ref><ref>[http://www.texasarchive.org/library/index.php?title=The_Sloane_Collection%2C_no._4_-_Galveston_Bathing_Girl_Revue%2C_1925 "The Sloane Collection, no. 4 – Galveston Bathing Girl Revue, 1925"]{{Dead link|date=ສິງຫາ 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. ''Story Sloane, III Collection''. Texas Archive of the Moving Image. 1925. Retrieved 18 01 2018</ref><ref name=":1">[http://www.theislandermagazine.com/history/february2008/missus.html "Miss United States Began In Galveston"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329040044/http://theislandermagazine.com/history/february2008/missus.html/ |date=2019-03-29 }}. ''The Islander Magazine''. 2006. 18 01 2018</ref><ref name=":2">Cherry, Bill (25 October 2004). [https://web.archive.org/web/20091021044033/http://www.galvnews.com/story.lasso?ewcd=623557678868710e&-session=TheDailyNews%3A4A0612E91631c3859FiIR3DFCB8A "Miss America was once Pageant of Pulchritude"]. ''Galveston Daily News''. Archived from [http://www.galvnews.com/story.lasso?ewcd=623557678868710e&-session=TheDailyNews:4A0612E91631c3859FiIR3DFCB8A the original] 18 01 2018</ref> ເຫດການຄືການເລີ່ມຕົ້ນຂອງລະດູການທ່ອງທ່ຽວລະດູຮ້ອນໃນເມືອງແລະຖືກຍົກໄປເປັນປະຈໍາທຸກປີເຫດການໄດ້ອຍ່າງລວດໄວກາຍເປັນທີ່ຮູ້ຈັກກັນນອກເທັກຊັດແລະເລີ່ມຕົ້ນໃນປີ 1926 ການປະກວດລະດັບໂລກຄັ້ງທໍາອິດຂອງໂລກຖືກເພີ່ມເຂົ້າມາຫລືທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າການປະກວດນານາຊາດແຫ່ງຄວາມປີຕິ<ref name=":1" /> ການປະກວດຂອງເຂົາຖືກກ່າວວ່າເປັນແບບຢ່າງສໍາລັບການປະກວດທີ່ທັນສະໄໝ<ref name=":2" /><ref>Brown, Bridget (17 May 2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110716231544/http://galvestondailynews.com/story.lasso?ewcd=ca097dc8342ddcc5 "Isle bathing beauty tradition reborn"]. ''Galveston Daily News''. Archived from [http://galvestondailynews.com/story.lasso?ewcd=ca097dc8342ddcc5 the original]. 18 01 2018</ref><ref>Savage, Candace (1998). [https://books.google.com/?id=x-PM9-i19aIC ''Beauty queens: a playful history'']. Abbeville. p. 33. [[เลขมาตรฐานสากลประจำหนังสือ|ISBN]] 978-1-55054-618-7.</ref> ມີຜູ້ເຂົ້າແຂ່ງຂັນຈາກ [[ປະເທດອັງກິດ|ອັງກິດ]] [[ປະເທດຣັສເຊຍ|ຣັສເຊຍ]] [[ປະເທດຕຸຣກີ|ຕຸຣກີ]] ແລະປະເທດອື່ນ ໆ ອີກຫລາຍມາຍແລະໄດ້ຮັບຮາງວັນໃນຊ່ວງເວລານັ້ນ "[[ມີສຢູນີເວີສ]]"<ref name=":2" /><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Tx4EAAAAMBAJ "The Billboard"]. 25 September 1948: 49. 18 มกราคม 2018</ref> ເຫດການນີ້ຖືກຍົກເລີກໃນ[[ສະຫະລັດອາເມລິກາ]]ໃນປີ 1932 ເນື່ອງຈາກພາວະເສດຖະກິດຕົກຕ່ໍາ (ການແຂ່ງຂັນລະຫວ່າງປະເທດຟື້ນຂຶ້ນມາເປັນເວລາສັ້ນ ໆ ໃນ[[ປະເທດເບລຢຽມ|ເບລຢຽມ]]) === ຫລັງສົງຄາມໂລກຄັ້ງທີ່ສອງ === [[File:Feature. Beauty Contest BAnQ P48S1P16508.jpg|thumb|ປະກວດຄວາມງາມໃນມອນຊີອອນ, 1948|alt=|200x200px]]           ຄວາມນິຍົມຂອງການແຂ່ງຂັນ [[ມີສອາເມລິກາ]] ສະຫນັບສະຫນູນອົງການຈັດຕັ້ງອື່ນໆເພື່ອສ້າງການແຂ່ງຂັນທີ່ຄ້າຍຄືກັນໃນທົດສະວັດທີ່ຜ່ານມາ. 1950 ເປັນຕົ້ນໄປ ບາງຄົນມີຄວາມໝາຍໃນຂະນະທີ່ຄົນອື່ນ ໆ ເປັນເລື່ອງເລັກນ້ອຍເຊັ່ນການປະກວດ Queen Donut Queen ການແຂ່ງຂັນ[[ມີສໂວຣ໌ວ]]ເລີ່ມຂຶ້ນເມື່ອປີ 1951, [[ມີສຢູນີເວີສ]]ເລີ່ມຂຶ້ນເມື່ອປີ 1952, ເຊັ່ນດຽວກັບ[[ມີສຍູເອດເອ]] [[ມີສອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລ]] ເລີ່ມຂຶ້ນເມື່ອປີ 1960 ການປະກວດ[[ມີສແບໍກອາເມລິກາ]] ເລີ່ມຂຶ້ນເມື່ອປີ 1968<ref>[http://ritzac.com/Ritz%20History%20Time%20Line.pdf "The Ritz-Carlton Hotel - Atlantic City"] (PDF). ''Historical Timeline''. 18 มกราคม 2018</ref> ໃນການຕອບສະຫນອງຕໍ່ການຍົກເວັ້ນຜູ້ຫຍິງແອຟິກັນອາເມລິກັນຈາກການປະກວດ[[ມີສອາເມລິກາ]] [[ອົງກອນນາງງາມຈັກວານ]] [[ມີສທີນຍູເອດເອ]] ເລີ່ມໃນປີ 1983 ສໍາຫລັບກຸ່ມອາຍຸ 14-19 ปี [[ມີສອິນເຕີຣ໌ຄອນຕິເນໂຕ້]]ເລີ່ມຂຶ້ນເມື່ອປີ 1971 [[ມີສເອີຣ໌ທ]]ເລີ່ມຕົ້ນໃນປີ 2001 [[ມີສທົວລິຊຶມຄວີນອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລ]]ເລີ່ມຕົ້ນໃນປີ 2004 [[ມີສຊຸປຣາເນຊັນແນລ]]ເລີ່ມຕົ້ນໃນປີ 2009 [[ມີສແກຣນອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລ]]ເລີ່ມຕົ້ນໃນປີ 2013. ການແຂ່ງຂັນເຫລົ່ານີ້ຍັງຄົງດໍາເນີນຕໍ່ໄປຈົນເຖິງວັນນີ້ == ປະກວດຄວາມງາມທີ່ສໍາຄັນ == {{ບົດຄວາມຫລັກ2|ລາຍການປະກວດຄວາມງາມ}} {|class="wikitable sortable" | style="background: #FFFFE0;" |- ! rowspan="2" |ກໍ່ຕັ້ງຂຶ້ນເມື່ອ ! colspan="2" |ການປະກວດ ! rowspan="2" |ອົງກອນ ! rowspan="2" |ທີ່ຕັ້ງ |- !ພາສາລາວ !ພາສາອັງກິດ |- ! colspan="5" | ການປະກວດລະດັບແກຣນສະແລັມ (ຍ) |- | 1951 ||[[ມີສໂວຣ໌ວ]]<ref name=":0" /> |Miss World | Eric Morley, Miss World Organization ||{{flagicon|ສະຫະຣາຊອານາຈັກ}} [[ລອນດອນ]], [[ສະຫະຣາຊອານາຈັກ]] |- | 1952 ||[[ມີສຢູນີເວີສ]] |Miss Universe | William Morris Endeavor ||{{flagicon|ໄທ}}&nbsp;[[ຈັງຫວັດສະໝຸດປາການ|ສະໝຸດປາການ]], [[ປະເທດໄທ|ໄທ]] |- | 1960 ||[[ມີສອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລ]] |Miss International | International Cultural Association ||{{flagicon|ຢີ່ປຸ່ນ}}&nbsp;[[ໂຕກຽວ]], [[ປະເທດຢີ່ປຸ່ນ|ຢີ່ປຸ່ນ]] |- |2009 |[[ມີສຊຸປຣາເນຊັນແນລ]] |Miss Supranational |World Beauty Association |{{flagicon|ໂປແລນດ໌}}&nbsp;[[ວໍຊໍ]], [[ປະເທດໂປແລນດ໌|ໂປແລນດ໌]] |- |2013 |[[ມີສແກຣນອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລ]] |Miss Grand International |Miss Grand International Organization |{{flagicon|ໄທ}}&nbsp;[[ບາງກອກ]], [[ປະເທດໄທ|ໄທ]] |- ! colspan="5" | ການປະກວດລະດັບແກຣນສະແລັມ (ຊ) |- |1993||[[ແມນຮັນອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລ]] |Manhunt International |Exclusive Resources Marketing Pte Ltd||{{flagicon|ສິງກະໂປ}}&nbsp;[[ປະເທດສິງກະໂປ|ສິງກະໂປ]] |- |1996||[[ມີສເຕີໂວຣ໌ວ]] |Mister World |Eric Morley, Miss World Organization||{{flagicon|ສະຫະຣາຊອານາຈັກ}} [[ລອນດອນ]], [[ສະຫະຣາຊອານາຈັກ]] |- |2006||[[ມີສເຕີອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລ]] |Mister International |Mister International Company Limited|| rowspan="2" |{{flagicon|ໄທ}}&nbsp;[[ຈັງຫວັດນົນທະບຸລີ|ນົນທະບຸລີ]], [[ປະເທດໄທ|ໄທ]] |- |2014 |[[ມີສເຕີໂກລໂບ້ວ]] |Mister Global |Mister Global Co.,Ltd. |- |2016 |[[ມີສເຕີຊຸປຣາເນຊັນແນລ]] |Mister Supranational |World Beauty Association |{{flagicon|ປານາມາ}}&nbsp;[[ປານາມາຊິຕີ]], ປານາມາ |} == ເພີ່ມເຕີມ == * [[ລາຍະການປະກວດຄວາມງາມ]] == ອ້າງອີງ == {{ລາຍການອ້າງອີງ}} ==ບັນນານຸກົມ== # <small>Sones, Michael. "History of the Beauty Pageant". Beauty Worlds: The Culture of Beauty (2003): n. pag. Web. 4 November 2009.</small> # <small>Liben, Lynn S., Rebecca S. Bigler, Diane N Ruble, Carol Lynn Martin, and Kimberly K. Powlishta. "Conceptualizing, Measuring, and Evaluating Constructs and Pathways". Developmental Course of Gender Differentiation. 67.2 i-183. Print.</small> # <small>Harvey, Adia M. "Becoming Entrepreneurs: Intersections of Race, Class, and Gender at the Black Beauty Salon". ''Gender and Society''. 19.6 (2005): 789-808. Print.</small> # <small>Banet‐Weiser, Sarah. "The Most Beautiful Girl in the World: Beauty Pageants and National Identity". (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999)</small> # <small>Wilk, Richard. "The Local and the Global in the Political Economy of Beauty: From Miss Belize to Miss World". ''Review of International Political Economy''. 2.1 (1995): 117-134. Print.</small> # <small>Burgess, Zena, and Phyllis Tharenou. "Women Board Directors: Characteristics of the Few". ''Journal of Business Ethics''. 37.1 (2002): 39-49. Print.</small> # <small>Huffman, Matt L., and Philip N. Cohen. "Occupational Segregation and the Gender Gap in Workplace Authority: National versus Local Labor Markets". ''Sociological Forum''. 19.1 (2004): 121-147. Print.</small> # <small>Ciborra, Claudio U. "The Platform Organization: Recombining Strategies, Structures, and Surprises". ''Organization Science''. 7.2 (1996): 103-118. Print.</small> # <small>Lamsa, Anna-Maija, and Teppo Sintonen. "A Discursive Approach to Understanding Women Leaders in Working Life". ''Journal of Business Ethics''. 34.3/4 (2001): 255-267. Print.</small> # <small>Bell, Myrtle P., Mary E. McLaughlin, and Jennifer M. Sequeira. "Discrimination, Harassment, and the Glass Ceiling: Women Executives as Change Agents". ''Journal of Business Ethics''. 37.1 (2002): 65-76. Print.</small> == ແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນອື່ນ == {{ມີສໂວຣ໌ວ}}{{ມີສຢູນີເວີສ}}{{ມີສອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລ}}{{ມີສຊຸປຣາເນຊັນແນລ}}{{ມີສແກຣນອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລ}}{{ເວທີປະກວດຄວາມງາມລະດັບແກຣນສະແລັມ}}{{ໂກລໂບ້ວ ບິວຕີ້}} <noinclude> [[ໝວດ:ການປະກວດນາງງາມ]] [[ໝວດ:ການປະກວດຄວາມງາມ]] </noinclude> gpbfene8gaqdkg0m74z1m06eb5gjkue 0 15109 128350 121146 2026-06-19T02:17:06Z InternetArchiveBot 13695 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 128350 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນ ເວັບໄຊຕ໌ | name = ອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລເພເຈ້ນອັອຟພູລທິຈູດ<br>ມີສຢູນີເວີຣສ | image = Miss Universe 1930 Winners.jpg | size = 200px | caption = ຜູ້ຊະນະການແຂ່ງຂັນປີ 1930 | year = 1926 - 1935 | type = [[ການປະກວດນາງງາມ]] | headquarters = ກັລເວສຕັນ, ເທັກຊັສ, {{Flag|ສະຫະລັດອາເມລິກາ|name=ຍູໄນເຕັດສະເຕດ}} | location = {{ສະຫະລັດອາເມລິກາ}} | president = | key_people = | language = [[ພາສາອັງກິດ|ອັງກິດ]] | membership = | Also known as = Miss Universe }}           '''ອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລເພເຈ້ນອັອຟພູລທິຈູດ''' ({{lang-en|International Pageant of Pulchritude}}), ຫະລືທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າ '''ມີສຢູນີເວີຣສ''' ({{lang-en|Miss Universe}}) ຫະລື '''ອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລບິວຕີ້ຄອນເທສ''' ({{lang-en|International Beauty Contest}}), ເປັນ[[ການປະກວດຄວາມງາມ]] ທີ່ເລີ່ມຂຶ້ນໃນປີ 1920 ໂດຍມີຜູ້ເຂົ້າແຂ່ງຂັນຈາກຫລາຍປະເທດການປະກວດນີ້ເກີດຊື່ "[[ມີສຢູນີເວີຣສ]]" ແລະເປັນຄົນທໍາອິດ [[ລາຍະການປະກວດຄວາມງາມ]]. ເຫດການປະກວດຄັ້ງສຸດທ້າຍໃນສະຫະລັດອາເມລິກາຖືກຈັດຂຶ້ນໃນປີ 1931 ແມ້ວ່າມີເຫດການມີສຢູນີເວີສເພີ່ມເຕີມຈັດຂຶ້ນຈົນເຖິງປີ 1935. ການແຂ່ງຂັນນີ້ເປັນຮູບແບບສໍາລັບການແຂ່ງຂັນທີ່ທັນສະໄຫມທີ່ເລີ່ມຕົ້ນຫຼັງຈາກນັ້ນ ສົງຄາມໂລກຄັ້ງທີສອງ.           ການປະກວດມີຂຶ້ນໃນ [[ກັລເວສຕັນ]], [[ເທັກຊັສ]], [[ສະຫະລັດອາເມລິກາ|ຍູໄນເຕັດສະເຕດ]]. ເຫດການມີສຢູນີເວີສສຸດທ້າຍຂອງສົງຄາມໂລກຄັ້ງທີ່ສອງນີ້ ຍຸກທີ່ຈັດຂຶ້ນໃນ [[ບັສເຊລ]], [[ປະເທດເບລຢຽມ|ເບລຢຽມ]]. ແມ້ວວ່າການປະກວດຄັ້ງນີ້ຈະເຮັດຫນ້າທີ່ເປັນຕົ້ນແບບແລະເປັນແຮງບັນດານໃຈໃຫ້ກັບການປະກວດ [[ມີສຢູນີເວີຣສ]] ທີ່ທັນສະໄຫມແຕ່ອົງກອນສະໄຫມໃຫມ່ກໍບໍ່ໄດ້ມີສ່ວນກ່ຽວຂ້ອງໂດຍກົງກັບການແຂ່ງຂັນທີ່ເກົ່າກວ່ານີ້. == ລາຍຊື່ຜູ້ທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບຕຳແໜ່ງ ==           ຕໍ່ໄປນີ້ເປັນລາຍຊື່ຜູ້ທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບຕຳແໜ່ງສໍາລັບການປະກວດປະຈໍາປີ.<ref name="Miss United States">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20190329040044/http://theislandermagazine.com/history/february2008/missus.html/ Miss United States Began In Galveston]". ''The Islander Magazine''. 2006. Archived from on 19 Oct 2009.</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.pageantopolis.com/international/universe_1920.htm | title=Miss Universe 1920s | publisher=Donald West | accessdate=5 Oct 2009 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090808153929/http://www.pageantopolis.com/international/universe_1920.htm | archivedate=2009-08-08 | df= }}</ref> === ມີສຍູໄນເຕັດສະເຕດ === {|class="wikitable" style= "text-align:left; font-size: 9pt; line-height:22px;" |- align="center" ! ປີ ! ຜູ້ຊະນະ ! ບ້ານເກີດ |- | 1926 | Catherine Moylan | {{flag|ແດລລັສ}} |- | 1927 | Dorothy Britton | {{flag|ນະຄອນນິວຍອກ}} |- | 1928 | Ella Van Hueson | {{flag|ຊິຄາໂກ}} |- | 1929 | Irene Ahlberg | {{flag|ນະຄອນນິວຍອກ}} |- | 1930 | Dorothy Dell Goff | {{flag|ນິວອໍລີນ}} |- | 1931 | Ann Lee Patterson | {{flag|ນອຣ໌ເທິຣ໌ນເຄນທັກກີ}} |} === ມີສຢູນີເວີຣສ ===           ການປະກວດບໍ່ໄດ້ຈັດຂຶ້ນລະຫວ່າງປີ 1933 ແລະ 1934. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left; font-size: 9pt; line-height:22px;" |- align="center" ! ປີ ! ປະເທດ/ດິນແດນ ! ຜູ້ຊະນະ ! ສະຖານທີ່ຈັດການປະກວດ ! ຈຳນວນຜູ້ເຂົ້າປະກວດ |- |[[ອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລເພເຈ້ນອັອຟພູລທິຈູດ 1926|1926]] |{{flag|ສະຫະລັດອາເມລິກາ|name=ຍູໄນເຕັດສະເຕດ}} | Catherine Moylan | rowspan="5" |{{flagicon|United States}} [[ກັລເວສຕັນ]], [[ເທັກຊັສ]], [[ສະຫະລັດອາເມລິກາ|ຍູໄນເຕັດສະເຕດ]] |39 |- |[[ອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລເພເຈ້ນອັອຟພູລທິຈູດ 1927|1927]] |{{flag|ສະຫະລັດອາເມລິກາ|name=ຍູໄນເຕັດສະເຕດ}} | Dorothy Britton |37 |- |[[ອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລເພເຈ້ນອັອຟພູລທິຈູດ 1928|1928]] |{{flag|ສະຫະລັດອາເມລິກາ|name=ຍູໄນເຕັດສະເຕດ}} | Ella Van Hueson |42 |- |[[ອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລເພເຈ້ນອັອຟພູລທິຈູດ 1929|1929]] |{{flag|ອັອດເຕຣຍ}} | Lisl Goldarbeiter<ref name="Miss Universe 1929">{{cite news|title=Miss Universe 1929 (2007)|accessdate=2 Oct 2009|work=New York Times|url=https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/392229/Miss-Universe-1929/overview|archive-date=18 ຕຸລາ 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081018190556/http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/392229/Miss-Universe-1929/overview|url-status=dead}}</ref> |36 |- |[[ອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລເພເຈ້ນອັອຟພູລທິຈູດ 1930|1930]] (1) |{{flag|ສະຫະລັດອາເມລິກາ|name=ຍູໄນເຕັດສະເຕດ}} | Dorothy Dell Goff |39 |- |[[ອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລບິວຕີ້ຄອນເທສ 1930|1930]] (2) |{{flag|ບຣາຊິລ}} | Yolanda Pereira |{{flagicon|ບຣາຊິລ}} [[ລີໂອເດຈາເນໂລ]], [[ປະເທດບຣາຊິລ|ບຣາຊິລ]] |36 |- |[[ອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລເພເຈ້ນອັອຟພູລທິຈູດ 1931|1931]] |{{flag|ເບລຢຽມ}} | Netta Duchâteau<ref>{{cite news | title=Belgian Entrant Wins Contest as 'Miss Universe' | work=The Evening Independent (St. Petersburg, Florida) | date=17 June 1931 | url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=950&dat=19310617&id=WssLAAAAIBAJ&sjid=glQDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4466,3215044}}</ref> |{{flagicon|United States}} [[ກັລເວສຕັນ]], [[ເທັກຊັສ]], [[ສະຫະລັດອາເມລິກາ|ຍູໄນເຕັດສະເຕດ]] |26 |- |[[ອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລບິວຕີ້ຄອນເທສ 1932|1932]] |{{flag|ຕຸຣກີ}} | Keriman Halis Ece<ref>{{cite book | title=The making of modern Turkey | author=Ahmad, Feroz | year=1993 | publisher=Routledge | page=87 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ghl5GPHDPPQC | isbn=978-0-415-07836-8}}</ref> |{{flagicon|ເບລຢຽມ}} [[ສະປາ (ເມືອງ)|ສະປາ]], [[ປະເທດເບລຢຽມ|ເບລຢຽມ]] |28 |- |[[ອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລບິວຕີ້ຄອນເທສ 1935|1935]] |{{flag|ອີຢິບ (1922–1958)|name=ອີຢິບ}} | Charlotte Wassef<ref>{{cite book | title=Doria Shafik, Egyptian feminist: a woman apart | author=Nelson, Cynthia | year=1996 | publisher=American University in Cairo Press | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qGy0OIUH2RkC | isbn=978-977-424-413-1}}</ref> |{{flagicon|ເບລຢຽມ}} [[ບັສເຊລ]], [[ປະເທດເບລຢຽມ|ເບລຢຽມ]] |28 |} == ເພີ່ມເຕີມ == *[[ລາຍະການປະກວດຄວາມງາມ]] == ໝາຍເຫດ == {{reflist|35em}} == ອ້າງອີງ == * {{cite book | title=Beauty queens: a playful history | author=Savage, Candace | publisher=Abbeville | year=1998 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x-PM9-i19aIC | isbn=978-1-55054-618-7}} * {{cite book | title=Beauty Queen: Here She Comes... | author=Stein, Elissa | publisher=Chronicle Books | year=2006 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x98xu9DPmjEC | isbn=978-0-8118-4864-0}} ==ແຫຼ່ງຂໍ້ມູນອື່ນ== {{Commons category}} * [http://www.forgacspeter.hu/english/films/Miss+Universe+1929/2 Miss Universe 1929] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220819150637/http://www.forgacspeter.hu/english/films/Miss+Universe+1929/2 |date=2022-08-19 }} * [http://www.pageantopolis.com/Int_past/universe_1920.htm Miss Universe 1920s] * [http://www.galvestonbeachrevue.com/ Galveston Island Beach Revue] (2009 revival) * [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-2327486/Bathing-beauties-bring-Twenties-style-bikinis-life-Marcel-waves-floral-swimming-caps-retro-inspired-pageant.html "Bathing beauties bring Twenties-style bikinis back to life with Marcel waves and floral swimming caps for retro-inspired pageant"], ''Daily Mail'', 20 May 2013 {{ອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລເພເຈ້ນອັອຟພູລທິຈູດ}}<noinclude> [[ໝວດ:ອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລເພເຈ້ນອັອຟພູລທິຈູດ]] [[ໝວດ:ອິນເຕີຣ໌ເນຊັນແນລບິວຕີ້ຄອນເທສ]] [[ໝວດ:ມິສຢູນີເວີຣສ]] [[ໝວດ:ແມ່ແບບການປະກວດນາງງາມ]] [[ໝວດ:ການປະກວດນາງງາມ]] </noinclude> mytfict05d9t07c1n43rnf8fjl3ftrj 0 17308 128358 112117 2026-06-19T03:33:30Z Randervik 18653 128358 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ລະວັງສັບສົນ|ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ}} ການ'''ແຂ່ງຂັນເຕະບານຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ''' '''AFF Championship''' ແມ່ນລາຍການການແຂ່ງຂັນ [[ເຕະບານ|ບານເຕະ]] ຫລັກທີ່ຈັດຕັ້ງໂດຍ ສະຫະພັນບານເຕະອາຊຽນ (AFF). [[ເຕະບານ|ການ​ແຂ່ງ​ຂັນ​ບານ]]ລະດັບສະຫະພັນ​ສາ​ກົນ​ສອງ​ປີລະຄັ້ງ​, ​ແມ່ນ​ການ​ແຂ່ງ​ຂັນລະຫວ່າງ ​ທີມ​ຊາດ​ຊາຍ​ຊຸດໃຫ່ຍຂອງ AFF​, ເພື່ອ​ຕັດສິນ​ແຊ້ມ [[ອາຊີຕາເວັນອອກສຽງໃຕ້|​ອາ​ຊີ​ຕາ​ເວັນ​ອອກ​ສຽງ​ໃຕ້​ໄດ້]]​. ການແຂ່ງຂັນດັ່ງກ່າວໄດ້ຈັດຂຶ້ນທຸກໆ 2 ປີ ນັບຕັ້ງແຕ່ ປີ 1996, ຍົກເວັ້ນ ປີ 2007 ແລະ 2020 (ເຊິ່ງໄດ້ເລື່ອນໄປເປັນປີ 2021 ເນື່ອງຈາກການ ການລະບາດຂອງພະຍາດໂຄວິດ-19 ຢ່າງຕໍ່ເນື່ອງ). [[ຮູບ:2024 ASEAN United FC logo.svg|thumb|ໂລໂກ້]] iw3sq066mqtha9kdk4zjazaljrszg84 128359 128358 2026-06-19T03:33:52Z Randervik 18653 128359 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ຂະຫຍາຍ}}{{ລະວັງສັບສົນ|ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ}} ການ'''ແຂ່ງຂັນເຕະບານຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ''' '''AFF Championship''' ແມ່ນລາຍການການແຂ່ງຂັນ [[ເຕະບານ|ບານເຕະ]] ຫລັກທີ່ຈັດຕັ້ງໂດຍ ສະຫະພັນບານເຕະອາຊຽນ (AFF). [[ເຕະບານ|ການ​ແຂ່ງ​ຂັນ​ບານ]]ລະດັບສະຫະພັນ​ສາ​ກົນ​ສອງ​ປີລະຄັ້ງ​, ​ແມ່ນ​ການ​ແຂ່ງ​ຂັນລະຫວ່າງ ​ທີມ​ຊາດ​ຊາຍ​ຊຸດໃຫ່ຍຂອງ AFF​, ເພື່ອ​ຕັດສິນ​ແຊ້ມ [[ອາຊີຕາເວັນອອກສຽງໃຕ້|​ອາ​ຊີ​ຕາ​ເວັນ​ອອກ​ສຽງ​ໃຕ້​ໄດ້]]​. ການແຂ່ງຂັນດັ່ງກ່າວໄດ້ຈັດຂຶ້ນທຸກໆ 2 ປີ ນັບຕັ້ງແຕ່ ປີ 1996, ຍົກເວັ້ນ ປີ 2007 ແລະ 2020 (ເຊິ່ງໄດ້ເລື່ອນໄປເປັນປີ 2021 ເນື່ອງຈາກການ ການລະບາດຂອງພະຍາດໂຄວິດ-19 ຢ່າງຕໍ່ເນື່ອງ). [[ຮູບ:2024 ASEAN United FC logo.svg|thumb|ໂລໂກ້]] 8c6l3sesmi40yb47hzs5ez8u7y3eqsi 128360 128359 2026-06-19T03:34:05Z Randervik 18653 128360 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ລະວັງສັບສົນ|ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ}} ການ'''ແຂ່ງຂັນເຕະບານຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ''' '''AFF Championship''' ແມ່ນລາຍການການແຂ່ງຂັນ [[ເຕະບານ|ບານເຕະ]] ຫລັກທີ່ຈັດຕັ້ງໂດຍ ສະຫະພັນບານເຕະອາຊຽນ (AFF). [[ເຕະບານ|ການ​ແຂ່ງ​ຂັນ​ບານ]]ລະດັບສະຫະພັນ​ສາ​ກົນ​ສອງ​ປີລະຄັ້ງ​, ​ແມ່ນ​ການ​ແຂ່ງ​ຂັນລະຫວ່າງ ​ທີມ​ຊາດ​ຊາຍ​ຊຸດໃຫ່ຍຂອງ AFF​, ເພື່ອ​ຕັດສິນ​ແຊ້ມ [[ອາຊີຕາເວັນອອກສຽງໃຕ້|​ອາ​ຊີ​ຕາ​ເວັນ​ອອກ​ສຽງ​ໃຕ້​ໄດ້]]​. ການແຂ່ງຂັນດັ່ງກ່າວໄດ້ຈັດຂຶ້ນທຸກໆ 2 ປີ ນັບຕັ້ງແຕ່ ປີ 1996, ຍົກເວັ້ນ ປີ 2007 ແລະ 2020 (ເຊິ່ງໄດ້ເລື່ອນໄປເປັນປີ 2021 ເນື່ອງຈາກການ ການລະບາດຂອງພະຍາດໂຄວິດ-19 ຢ່າງຕໍ່ເນື່ອງ). [[ຮູບ:2024 ASEAN United FC logo.svg|thumb|ໂລໂກ້]] iw3sq066mqtha9kdk4zjazaljrszg84 0 17605 128332 113225 2026-06-18T12:38:44Z Ziv 20445 ([[c:GR|GR]]) [[File:Logo UEFA Champions League.png]] → [[File:UEFA Champions League logo.png]] → File replacement: changing the name of a duplicate file ([[c:c:GR]]) 128332 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:UEFA Champions League logo.png|right|240px]] '''ຢູຟາ ແຊມປ້ຽນລີກ''' (ຫຍໍ້ວ່າ '''UCL''' ) ເປັນການແຂ່ງຂັນ [[ເຕະບານ|ບານເຕະ]] ປະຈຳປີຂອງສະໂມສອນທີ່ຈັດໂດຍ ສະຫະພັນບານເຕະເອີຣົບ (UEFA) ແລະ ເຂົ້າແຂ່ງຂັນໂດຍ ສະໂມສອນຊັ້ນນໍາຂອງເອີຣົບ, ຕັດສິນຜູ້ຊະນະການແຂ່ງຂັນຜ່ານຮອບແບ່ງກຸ່ມເພື່ອເຂົ້າຮອບຮອງຊະນະເລີດໃນຮູບແບບແຂ່ງຂັນແບບໄປເຕະໃນນານທີມເຢືອນ ແລະ ທີມເຈົ້າບ້ານ, ແລະ ການແຂ່ງຂັນນັດດຽວໃນຮອບຊີງຊະນະເລີດ. ມັນເປັນຫນຶ່ງໃນການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະທີ່ມີຊື່ສຽງທີ່ສຸດໃນໂລກ ແລະການແຂ່ງຂັນຂອງສະໂມສອນທີ່ມີຊື່ສຽງທີ່ສຸດໃນບານເຕະເອີຣົບ, ເຂົ້າຫຼິ້ນໂດຍແຊ້ມລີກຂອງແຕ່ລະຊາດ (ສໍາລັບບາງປະເທດ, ແມ່ນຮອງແຊ້ມໜຶ່ງທີມ ຫລື ຫລາຍທີມ) ຂອງສະມາຄົມບານເຕະແຫ່ງຊາດຂອງເຂົາເຈົ້າ. rr0jjmm1p0h869rjceu7ecxml1zbbv7 0 20638 128345 127582 2026-06-19T01:21:55Z Randervik 18653 128345 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ປັບພາສາ}}{{Infobox football biography|name=ສຸກອາພອນ ວົງຈຽງຄໍາ|image=[[ຮູບ:SoukaphoneVongchiengkamUthaiThani20Feb2021.jpg|210px]]|caption=ສຸກອາພອນ ວົງຈຽງຄໍາ ລົງຫຼິ້ນໃນໄທລີກໃນປີ 2021|fullname=ສຸກອາພອນ ວົງຈຽງຄໍາ<ref name="Soukaphone">{{Cite web|url=https://mainstand.co.th/en/features/5/article/3148|title=Soukaphone Vongchiengkham: A footballer smaller than Chanathip who carries his nation’s hopes and dreams &#124; Main Stand|website=Mainstand}}</ref>|birth_date={{birth date and age|1992|03|09|df=y}}|birth_place=[[ແຂວງຈຳປາສັກ]], [[ປະເທດລາວ]]|height={{convert|1.56|m|ftin}}<ref name="Soukaphone"/> |currentclub= |clubnumber= |position=[[ກອງກາງ]], [[ກອງກາງ|ປີກ]]|youthyears1=2009–2011|youthclubs1={{Flagicon|ໄທ}} [[ບີອີຊີ-ເທໂຣ ຊາສະນາ]]|years1=2010–2011|clubs1={{Flagicon|ລາວ}} [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະເອສະລາ|ເອສະຣາ]]|caps1=30|goals1=?|years2=2012–2013|clubs2={{Flagicon|ໄທ}} [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະກະບີ່|ກະບີ່]]|caps2=26|goals2=9|years3=2014|clubs3={{Flagicon|ໄທ}} [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະພິສະນຸໂລກ|ພິສະນຸໂລກ]]|caps3=2|goals3=0|years4=2014|clubs4={{Flagicon|ໄທ}} [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະສະລະບຸລີ ຢູໄນເຕັດ|ສະລະບຸລີ]]|caps4=|goals4= |years5=2015|clubs5={{Flagicon|ລາວ}} [[ສະໂມສອນລ້ານຊ້າງຢູໄນເຕັດ]]|caps5=20|goals5=?|years6=2016|clubs6={{Flagicon|ລາວ}} [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະເອສະລາ|ເອສະຣາ]]|caps6=|goals6= |years7=2016|clubs7={{Flagicon|ລາວ}} [[ສະໂມສອນລ້ານຊ້າງຢູໄນເຕັດ]]|caps7=26|goals7=?|years8=2017|clubs8={{Flagicon|ລາວ}} [[ວຽງຈັນ F.C]]|caps8=14|goals8=? |years9=2018|clubs9={{Flagicon|ໄທ}} [[ສີສະເກດ ເອັຟຊີ|ສີສະເກດ]]|caps9=4|goals9=1 |years10=2019|clubs10={{Flagicon|ໄທ}} [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະໄຊນາດ ຮອນບິນ|ໄຊນາດ]]|caps10=15|goals10=1 |years11=2020|clubs11={{Flagicon|ໄທ}} [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະປະຈວບ|ພີທີ ປະຈວບ]]|caps11=1|goals11=0 |years12=2020–2021|clubs12={{Flagicon|ໄທ}} [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະອຸໄທທານີ|ອຸໄທທານີ]]|caps12=14|goals12=0 |years13=2021|clubs13={{Flagicon|ໄທ}} [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະອຸດອນທານີ|ອຸດອນທານີ]]|caps13=15|goals13=3 |years14=2022|clubs14={{Flagicon|ໄທ}} [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະກະເສດສາດ|ກະເສດສາດ]]|caps14=14|goals14=0 |years15=2022 |clubs15={{Flagicon|ໄທ}} [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະຕຣາດ|ຕຣາດ]] |caps15=31|goals15=0 |years16=2023–2025|clubs16={{Flagicon|ໄທ}} [[ນະຄອນສີ ຢູໄນເຕັດ]]|caps16=46|goals16=0 |nationalyears1=2004|nationalteam1={{Flagicon|ລາວ}} [[ບານເຕະທີມຊາດລາວຮຸ່ນອາຍຸບໍ່ເກີນ 13 ປີ|U13 ລາວ]]|nationalyears2=2007|nationalteam2={{Flagicon|ລາວ}} [[ບານເຕະທີມຊາດລາວຮຸ່ນອາຍຸບໍ່ເກີນ 16 ປີ|U16 ລາວ]]|club-update=ວັນທີ 5 ພະຈິກ 2023 (UTC)|nationalteam-update=12:59, 30 ທັນວາ 2022 (UTC)|nationalteam5={{Flagicon|ລາວ}} [[ບານເຕະທີມຊາດລາວ|ລາວ]]|nationalgoals5=15|nationalgoals4=0|nationalteam4={{Flagicon|ລາວ}} [[ບານເຕະທີມຊາດລາວຮຸ່ນອາຍຸບໍ່ເກີນ 23 ປີ|U23 ລາວ]]|nationalcaps5=57|nationalcaps4=5|nationalyears4=2014|nationalyears5=2010–2023|nationalteam3={{Flagicon|ລາວ}} [[ບານເຕະທີມຊາດລາວຮຸ່ນອາຍຸບໍ່ເກີນ 20 ປີ|U19 ລາວ]]|nationalyears3=2010|clubs17={{Flagicon|ລາວ}} [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະມາດສດ້າ ຈີບີ|ມາສະດາ ຈີບີ]]|goals17=0|caps17=0|years17=2025–}}'''ສຸກອາພອນ ວົງຈຽງຄໍາ''' (ເກີດວັນທີ 9 ມີນາ 1992) ເປັນນັກກິລາບານເຕະອາຊີບ[[ລາວ (ຊົນເຜົ່າ)|ຊາວລາວ]] ທີ່ຫຼິ້ນເປັນ[[ກອງກາງ]]. ລາວຖືວ່າເປັນໜຶ່ງໃນນັກກິລາບານເຕະລາວທີ່ດີທີ່ສຸດ ແລະ ປະຈຸບັນຍັງເປັນກັບຕັນ[[ບານເຕະທີມຊາດລາວ|ບານເຕະທິມຊາດລາວ]].<ref name=":0">http://www.tonamcha.com/2018/12/2019_18.html{{Dead link|date=ເມສາ 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> ລາວໄດ້ຖືກຕັ້ງຊື່ຫຼິ້ນວ່າ "[[ລີໂອເນລ ເມສຊີ|ເມສຊີ]][[ປະເທດລາວ|ລາວ]]" ໂດຍຫນັງສືພິມຂອງປະເທດ ຍ້ອນຄວາມສາມາດ ແລະ ຄວາມຄິດສ້າງສັນຂອງລາວໃນສະໜາມ.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://laoedaily.com.la/2019/10/24/63456/ |access-date=2024-12-13 |archive-date=2024-12-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214033949/https://laoedaily.com.la/2019/10/24/63456/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":0" /> == ອາຊີບສະໂມສອນ == ລາວເລີ່ມອາຊີບໃນປີ 2010 ກັບສະໂມສອນວຽງຈັນ[[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະເອສະລາ|ເອັສຣາ]] ເອຟຊີ. ໃນປີ 2012 ຍ້າຍມາຢູ່ [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະກະບີ່|ກະບີ່ F.C]], ເຊິ່ງໄດ້ເລື່ອນຊັ້ນໄປຢູ່[[ໄທລີກ 1]]. ຕັ້ງແຕ່ນັ້ນມາຫຼິ້ນໃຫ້ກັບສະໂມສອນໃນ[[ປະເທດໄທ]]ແລະ[[ປະເທດລາວ|ລາວ]], [[ສະໂມສອນລ້ານຊ້າງຢູໄນເຕັດ|ຊະນະລາວລີກກັບສະໂມສອນລ້ານຊ້າງຢູໄນເຕັດ]] ໃນປີ 2016. ລາວໄດ້ກັບຄືນໄປໄທລີກໃນປີ 2018 ກັບ [[ສີສະເກດ ເອັຟຊີ]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://www.laophattananews.com/archives/35759 |access-date=2024-12-13 |archive-date=2021-04-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411133847/https://www.laophattananews.com/archives/35759 |url-status=dead }}</ref>. ໃນປີ 2019, ລາວໄດ້ເຂົ້າຮ່ວມ [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະໄຊນາດ ຮອນບິນ|ໄຊນາດ ເອັຟຊີ]], ຫຼີ້ນໃນ[[ໄທລີກ 1]] ເປັນຄັ້ງທໍາອິດ<ref name=":0" />. ມາຮອດວັນທີ 11 ທັນວາ 2019, ລາວໄດ້ຍ້າຍໄປຢູ່ [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະປະຈວບ|ປະ​ຈຸ​ບັນ F.C]].<ref name=":1" /> ໃນຕົ້ນເດືອນທັນວາ 2020, [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະອຸໄທທານີ|ອຸໄທທານີ F.C]] ໄດ້ເຊັນໃຫ້ເຂົາ. ສະໂມສອນຈາກ ອຸໄທທານີ ລົງຫຼິ້ນໃນ[[ໄທລີກ 2]]. ຈົບລະດູການນີ້ ອຸໄທທານີ ຕົກເປັນຂອງ[[ໄທລີກ 3]]. ຫຼັງ​ຈາກ​ການ​ປົດ​ປ່ອຍ​, ລາວ​ໄດ້​ອອກ​ຈາກ​ສະ​ໂມ​ສອນ​ແລະ​ເຂົ້າ​ຮ່ວມ​ສະ​ໂມ​ສອນ​ພະ​ແນກ​ທີ​ສອງ [[ອຸດອນທານີ ເອັຟຊີ]]​. ລາວ​ໄດ້​ຫຼິ້ນ 15 ເກມ​ແບ່ງ​ຂັ້ນ​ສອງ​ສໍາ​ລັບ​ສະ​ໂມ​ສອນ​ຈາກ​ອຸ​ດອນ​ທາ​ນີ​. ສໍາລັບເຄິ່ງທີ່ສອງຂອງລະດູການ 2021/22, ລາວຍ້າຍໄປບາງກອກໃນເດືອນທັນວາ 2021 ເພື່ອເຂົ້າຮ່ວມລີກຄູ່ແຂ່ງຂອງ[[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະກະເສດສາດ|ກະເສດສາດ ເອັຟຊີ]].<ref>https://www.facebook.com/plugins/post.php?href=https://www.facebook.com/KasetsartFC/posts/3123799197882171&show_text=true&width=500</ref><ref>[https://www.ballthai.com/%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%b2%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%8b%e0%b8%b5%e0%b8%a2%e0%b8%99%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%a2%e0%b9%81%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%81-%e0%b8%99%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%a3%e0%b8%81%e0%b8%95-%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%9b%e0%b8%b4%e0%b8%94%e0%b8%95%e0%b8%b1%e0%b8%a7%e0%b8%84%e0%b8%a7%e0%b9%89%e0%b8%b2-%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%a1%e0%b8%aa%e0%b8%8b%e0%b8%b5%e0%b9%88%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%b2%e0%b8%a7-%e0%b8%9a%e0%b8%b9%e0%b9%8a%e0%b9%80%e0%b8%a5%e0%b8%81%e0%b8%aa%e0%b8%ad%e0%b8%87-t2/ https://www.ballthai.com/อาเซียนรายแรก-นาคามรกต-เปิดตัวคว้า-เมสซี่ลาว-บู๊เลกสอง-t2/]</ref> ລາວ​ໄດ້​ຫຼິ້ນ 14 ເກມ​ລີກ​ສໍາ​ລັບ​ສະ​ໂມ​ສອນ​ນະ​ຄອນ​ຫຼວງ​. ໃນຊ່ວງລຶະເບິ່ງຮ້ອນປີ 2022, ລາວໄດ້ຍ້າຍໄປ [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະຕຣາດ|ຕາດ F.C]], ເຊິ່ງຍັງຫຼີ້ນຢູ່ໃນພະແນກທີສອງ. ໃນຕອນທ້າຍຂອງລະດູການ 2022/23, ລາວໄດ້ສະຫລອງຕໍາແຫນ່ງຮອງຊະນະເລີດແລະເລື່ອນຊັ້ນເປັນຊັ້ນທໍາອິດກັບ[[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະຕຣາດ|ສະໂມສອນ ຕາດ]]. ຫຼັງຈາກເລື່ອນຊັ້ນ, ລາວໄດ້ອອກຈາກສະໂມສອນແລະເຂົ້າຮ່ວມສະໂມສອນຊັ້ນສອງຂອງນະຄອນສີ [[ນະຄອນສີ ຢູໄນເຕັດ|ນະຄອນສີ ຢູໄນເຕັດ F.C]] ໃນເດືອນກໍລະກົດ 2023. ໃນລະດູການ 2023/24, ລາວຈົບການແຂ່ງຂັນກັບສະໂມສອນທີ່ 5 ແລະດັ່ງນັ້ນຈຶ່ງໄດ້ຮັບເງື່ອນໄຂສໍາລັບເກມໂປໂມດຊັ້ນທໍາອິດ. ຢ່າງໃດກໍຕາມ, ຢູ່ທີ່ນີ້, ພວກເຂົາບໍ່ສາມາດເອົາຊະນະ [[Rayong FC|ຣະຍອງ ເອັຟຊີ]] ແລະຍັງຄົງຢູ່ໃນພະແນກທີສອງ. == ອາຊີບສາກົນ == === ທີມຊາດໄວໜຸ່ມ === ລາວເປັນຕົວຫຼັກຂອງທີມ U13, U16, [[ບານເຕະທີມຊາດລາວ ຮຸ່ນອາຍຸບໍ່ເກີນ 20 ປີ|U19]] ແລະ [[ບານເຕະທີມຊາດລາວ ຮຸ່ນອາຍຸບໍ່ເກີນ 23 ປີ|U23 ລາວ]]. ສຸກກະພອນ ວົງຊຽງຄຳ ລົງຫຼິ້ນໃຫ້ກັບ U23 ລາວ 5 ຄັ້ງ.<ref name=":2">https://www.transfermarkt.com/soukaphone-vongchiengkham/profil/spieler/191100</ref> === ທີມງານລາວ === ວົງຈຽງຄຳ ລົງຫຼິ້ນໃນລີກທ້ອງຖິ່ນບໍ່ພໍເທົ່າໃດເກມກໍ່ສະແດງເຖິງຄຸນສົມບັດອັນດີຂອງລາວໃນຖານະກອງກາງ ເຊິ່ງເປັນເຫດໃຫ້ລາວຖືກເອີ້ນຕິ[[ທິມຊາດ ບານເຕະ ແຫ່ງຊາດ ລາວ|ດທີມຊາດເ]]ກືອບທັນທີ. ລາວໄດ້ເປີດຕົວຄັ້ງທໍາອິດໃນວັນທີ 22 ເດືອນຕຸລາປີ 2010, ໃນການແຂ່ງຂັນກັບ[[ປະເທດກຳປູເຈຍ|ກຳປູເຈຍ]]. ສອງມື້ຕໍ່ມາລາວໄດ້ຍິງປະຕູທໍາອິດຂອງລາວໃຫ້ກັບທີມຊາດອາວຸໂສ. ຜູ້ເຄາະຮ້າຍຂອງລາວແມ່ນທີມຊາດ[[ປະເທດຟີລິບປິນ|ຟີລິບປິນ]]; ໃນການແຂ່ງຂັນທີ່ຖືກຕ້ອງສໍາລັບການແຂ່ງຂັນ [[ການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ]] 2010, ດ້ວຍການຍິງດ້ວຍຕີນຂວາ. ປະຕູຂອງລາວເຮັດໃຫ້ມັນ 1-0 (ການແຂ່ງຂັນຈະສິ້ນສຸດລົງ 2-2). ລາວໄດ້ລົງຫຼິ້ນໃຫ້ກັບທີມຊາດຂອງລາວໃນການແຂ່ງຂັນເຕະບ[[ານໂລກ 2014 ຮອບຄັດເລືອກ]], ເຊັ່ນດຽວກັນກັບການແຂ່ງຂັນອື່ນໆເຊັ່ນ ການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ. ລາວໄດ້ລົງຫຼິ້ນ 57 ນັດສາກົນແລະສາມາດຍິງໄດ້ 15 ປະຕູ.<ref name=":2" /> == ສະຖິຕິອາຊີບ == === ປະຕູ​ສາ​ກົນ<ref name=":2" /> === {| class="wikitable" !# !ວັນທີ !ສະຖານທີ່ !ທີມກົງຂ້າມ !ຄະແນນ !ຜົນໄດ້ຮັບ !ການແຂ່ງຂັນ |- |1. |24 ຕຸລາ 2010 |ສະໜາມກິລາແຫ່ງຊາດລາວແຫ່ງໃໝ່, [[ນະຄອນຫຼວງວຽງຈັນ|ນະຄອນຫຼວງ]]ວຽງຈັນ, ລາວ | [[ປະເທດຟີລິບປິນ|ຟີລິບປິນ]] | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |2–2 | rowspan="2" |2010 [[ການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ|AFF ແຊ້ມ ຄຸນສົມບັດ]] |- |2. |26 ຕຸລາ 2010 |ສະໜາມກິລາແຫ່ງຊາດລາວແຫ່ງໃໝ່, [[ນະຄອນຫຼວງວຽງຈັນ|ນະຄອນຫຼວງ]]ວຽງຈັນ, ລາວ |[[ປະເທດຕີມໍແລັດສະເຕ|ຕີມໍແລັດສະເຕ]] | align="center" |'''2'''–1 | align="center" |6–1 |- |3. |16 ເດືອນກຸມພາ 2011 |ສະໜາມກິລາແຫ່ງຊາດລາວແຫ່ງໃໝ່, [[ນະຄອນຫຼວງວຽງຈັນ|ນະຄອນຫຼວງ]]ວຽງຈັນ, ລາວ |[[ປະເທດໄຕ້ຫວັນ]] | align="center" |'''1'''–1 | align="center" |1–1 |2012 AFC Challenge Cup ຄຸນສົມບັດ |- |4. |23 ກໍລະກົດ 2011 |ສູນກິລາຄຸນໝິງ Tuodong, ນະຄອນຄຸນໝິງ, [[ປະເທດຈີນ|ສປ ຈີນ]] |[[ປະເທດຈີນ|ຈີນ]] | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |2–7 |2014 ເຕະບານໂລກ ຄຸນສົມບັດ |- |5. |4 ມີນາ 2013 |ສະໜາມກິລາແຫ່ງຊາດລາວແຫ່ງໃໝ່, [[ນະຄອນຫຼວງວຽງຈັນ|ນະຄອນຫຼວງ]]ວຽງຈັນ, ລາວ |[[ປະເທດສີລັງກາ|ສີລັງກາ]] | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |4–2 |2014 AFC Challenge Cup ຄຸນສົມບັດ |- |6. |16 ເດືອນພະຈິກ 2013 |ສະໜາມກິລາແຫ່ງຊາດລາວແຫ່ງໃໝ່, [[ນະຄອນຫຼວງວຽງຈັນ|ນະຄອນຫຼວງ]]ວຽງຈັນ, ລາວ |[[Guam|ກວມ]] | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |1–1 |ແຂ່ງຂັນມິດຕະພາບ |- |7. | rowspan="3" |14 ຕຸລາ 2014 | rowspan="3" |ສະໜາມກິລາແຫ່ງຊາດລາວແຫ່ງໃໝ່, [[ນະຄອນຫຼວງວຽງຈັນ|ນະຄອນຫຼວງ]]ວຽງຈັນ, ລາວ | rowspan="3" | [[ປະເທດບຣູໄນ|ບຣູໄນ]] | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | rowspan="3" align="center" |4–2 | rowspan="4" |2014 [[ການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ|AFF ແຊ້ມ ຄຸນສົມບັດ]] |- |8. | align="center" |'''2'''–0 |- |9. | align="center" |'''4'''–1 |- |10. |18 ຕຸລາ 2014 |ສະໜາມກິລາແຫ່ງຊາດລາວແຫ່ງໃໝ່, [[ນະຄອນຫຼວງວຽງຈັນ|ນະຄອນຫຼວງ]]ວຽງຈັນ, ລາວ |[[ປະເທດຕີມໍແລັດສະເຕ|ຕີມໍແລັດສະເຕ]] | align="center" |'''2'''–0 | align="center" |2–0 |- |11. |18 ຕຸລາ 2016 |ສະຫນາມກິລາໂອລິມປິກພະນົມເປນ, [[ພະນົມເປັນ|ພະນົມເປນ]], [[ປະເທດກຳປູເຈຍ]] |[[ຕີມໍແລັດສະເຕ]] | align="center" |'''2'''–1 | align="center" |2–1 | rowspan="2" |2016 [[ການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ|AFF ແຊ້ມ ຄຸນສົມບັດ]] |- |12. |21 ຕຸລາ 2016 |ສະໜາມກິລາ RSN, ນະຄອນຫຼວງພະນົມເປັນ, [[ປະເທດກຳປູເຈຍ]] | [[ປະເທດບຣູໄນ|ບຣູໄນ]] | align="center" |'''1'''–1 | align="center" |4–3 |- |13. | rowspan="2" |31 ພຶດສະພາ 2019 | rowspan="2" |ສະໜາມກິລາແຫ່ງຊາດລາວແຫ່ງໃໝ່, [[ນະຄອນຫຼວງວຽງຈັນ|ນະຄອນຫຼວງ]]ວຽງຈັນ, ລາວ | rowspan="2" |[[ປະເທດສີລັງກາ|ສີລັງກາ]] | align="center" |'''1'''–2 | rowspan="2" align="center" |2–2 | rowspan="2" |ແຂ່ງຂັນມິດຕະພາບ |- |14. | align="center" |'''2'''–2 |- |15. |30 ເດືອນທັນວາ 2022 |ສະໜາມກິລາ Thuwunna, [[ຢ່າງກຸ້ງ]], [[ປະເທດມຽນມາ|ມຽນມາ]] |[[ປະເທດມຽນມາ|ມຽນມາ]] | align="center" |'''1'''–0 | align="center" |2–2 |2022 [[ການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ|AFF ແຊ້ມ]] |} == ກຽດນິຍົມ == === ບຸກຄົນ<ref name=":2" /> === * ໄທລີກ Dream ASEAN XI: 2023 === ທີມ === ==== ລ້ານຊ້າງຢູໄນເຕັດ ==== * ແຊ້ມ ລາວພຣີເມຍລີກ: 2016 '''ຕາດ F.C'''<ref name=":2" /> * ອັນດັບ 2 [[ໄທລີກ 2]]: 2022/23 == ອ້າງອິງ == [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ຍັງມີຊີວິດຢູ່]] [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ເກີດໃນປີ ຄ.ສ. 1992]] <references /> == ການເຊື່ອມຕໍ່ພາຍນອກ == https://int.soccerway.com/players/-/159309/ (ສຸກອາພອນ ວົງຈຽງຄໍາ ທີ່ Soccerway) [[ໝວດ:ນັກເຕະບານ]] [[ໝວດ:ນັກກິລາບານເຕະຊາຍ ຂອງລາວ]] o2hy1rdjr6nzyujr7z5q9yu399mp2pe 0 20792 128334 127361 2026-06-18T22:44:20Z ~2026-35737-01 23560 Undid revision [[Special:Diff/127361|127361]] by [[Special:Contributions/RenWikiLA|RenWikiLA]] ([[User talk:RenWikiLA|talk]]) 128334 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ເປັນຜູ້ສາ''' ອຸປະກອນຈາກໄທເຟຊບຸ ກ ເຟດບຸກກໍ່ຕັ້ງຂຶ້ນໂດຍ ມາຣ໌ກ ຊັກເຄີຣ໌ເບີຣ໌ກ. ຮ່ວມນຳໝູ່ຮ່ວມຫ້ອງໃນວິທະຍາໄລຂອງເຂົາເຈົ້າແລະເປັນນັກຮຽນວິທະຍາສາດຄອມພິວເຕີຜູ້ຊື່ ເອັດວາຣ໌ໂດ ຊາເວຣິນ, ດິສຕິນ ມອສໂຄວິຕຊ໌ ແລະຄຣິສ ອິວສ໌. ແຕ່ເກົ່າສະມາຊິກຂອງເວັບໄຊຈະຈຳກັດສະເພາະກຸ່ມຜູ້ກໍ່ຕັ້ງແລະນັກຮຽນມະຫາວິທະຍາໄລຮາເວີຣ໌ດ. ແຕ່ຕໍ່ມາຂະຫຍັບຂະຫຍາຍໄປສູ່ມະຫາວິທະຍາໄລອື່ນໃນແຖບບອສຕັ້ນ, ກຸ່ມໄອວີ້ລີກ, ແລະມະຫາວິທະຍາໄລສະແຕນຟອຣ໌ດ ແລ້ວຄ່ອຍ ໆ ເພີ່ມນັກຮຽນຈາກມະຫາວິທະຍາໄລອື່ນ ຈນເປີດໃຫ້ກັບນັກຮຽນຊັ້ນໄຮສະຄູລ ຈົນໃນທີ່ສຸດທຸກຄົນກໍ່ສາມາດເຂົ້າສະມັກໄດ້ໂດຍອາຍຸຫຼາຍກວ່າ 13 ປີຂຶ້ນໄປ. [[ໝວດ:ເວັບໄຊ]] ept00e1ov2vzvc4gn3wztg9a7qqb10b 0 20906 128371 109386 2026-06-19T04:13:49Z Randervik 18653 128371 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{ຄຸນນະພາບການແປ}} ການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະ '''ຊີງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ ຮຸ່ນອາຍຸບໍ່ເກີນ 19 ປີ''' ຄັ້ງທີ 18 ຈັດຂຶ້ນໂດຍ ສະຫະພັນບານເຕະອາຊຽນ '''2022'''. ມັນເປັນເຈົ້ ພາບໂດຍ [[ປະເທດອິນໂດເນເຊຍ|ອິນໂດເນເຊຍ]] ໃນລະຫວ່າງເດືອນກໍລະກົດ 2022.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.suara.com/bola/2022/06/19/185242/berstatus-tuan-rumah-ini-jadwal-lengkap-timnas-indonesia-u-19-di-piala-aff-u-19-2022|title=Berstatus Tuan Rumah, Ini Jadwal Lengkap Timnas Indonesia U-19 di Piala AFF U-19 2022|date=19 June 2022|work=Suara.com|language=id}}</ref> ການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຍິງຊີງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ ຮຸ່ນອາຍຸບໍ່ເກີນ 19 ປີ 2020 ແລະ 2021 ຖືກຍົກເລີກຍ້ອນ [[ການແພ່ເຊື້ອພະຍາດທົ່ວຂອງໂຄວິດ-19|ການລະບາດຂອງພະຍາດໂຄວິດ-19]]. ຜູ້ນທີ່ເກີດຫຼັງຈາກ 1 ມັງກອນ 2003 ສາມາດເຂົ້າຮ່ວມໃນການແຂ່ງຂັນນີ້. ມາ​ເລ​ເຊຍ ຊະນະ ລາວ 2-0 ​ໃນ​ຮອບ​ຊິງ​ຊະນະ​ເລີດ ​ໃນ​ການ​ແຂ່ງຂັນ​ຊິງ​ແຊ້ມລາຍການ​ທີ 2 ຂອງ​ເຂົາ​ເຈົ້າ.<ref>{{Cite news|archive-url=https://bola.kompas.com/read/2022/07/15/22012118/hasil-malaysia-vs-laos-menang-2-0-harimau-malaya-juara-piala-aff-u19-2022|title=Hasil Malaysia Vs Laos: Menang 2-0, Harimau Malaya Juara Piala AFF U19 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|archive-url=https://bola.kompas.com/read/2022/07/16/04200018/piala-aff-u19-2022--juara-di-bumi-indonesia-malaysia-ulang-prestasi-4-tahun|title=Piala AFF U19 2022: Juara di Bumi Indonesia, Malaysia Ulang Prestasi 4 Tahun Silam}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|archive-url=https://www.bola.net/asia/malaysia-juara-piala-aff-u-19-2022-kisah-pelatih-yang-pernah-diremehkan-900e8a.html|title=Malaysia Juara Piala AFF U-19 2022, Kisah Pelatih yang Pernah Diremehkan}}</ref> == ອ້າງອິງ == ljzh0ifk10qln2lor8krtijtj08wefw 0 21047 128380 109742 2026-06-19T04:31:20Z Randervik 18653 128380 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ຄຸນນະພາບການແປ}}  '''ສະໜາມກິລາແຂວງຈຳ''' ປາສັກ ເປັນສະຫນາມກິລາເມືອງ[[ປາກເຊ]], [[ປະເທດລາວ]]. ມັນເປັນບ້ານຂອງ Champasak FC ແລະມັນຕັ້ງຢູ່ທາງທິດເຫນືອຂອງຕະຫຼາດດາວເຮືອງ. ມັນ​ມີ tribunes ສີ​ຟ້າ​ແລະ​ສີ​ຂຽວ​ແລະ​ການ​ແລ່ນ​ທີ່​ເຫມາະ​ສົມ​ປະ​ມານ​ພາກ​ສະ​ຫນາມ​ໄດ້​. ບາງຄັ້ງສະຫນາມກິລາແມ່ນໃຊ້ສໍາລັບພິທີແລະຄອນເສີດ. ໃນປີ 2010, ເມື່ອມັນມີບ່ອນນັ່ງ 5,000 ບ່ອນນັ່ງ, ມັນໄດ້ຖືກຂະຫຍາຍອອກໄປ. ປະຈຸບັນສະໜາມກິລາບັນຈຸຄົນໄດ້ເຖິງ 12,000 ຄົນ. ສະໜາມກິລາ​ດັ່ງກ່າວ​ໄດ້​ຕັ້ງ​ຊື່​ຕາມ​ເຂດ [[ແຂວງຈຳປາສັກ|​ຈຳປາ​ສັກ]], ​ໃນ​ນັ້ນ​ເມືອງ​ປາກເຊ​ເປັນ​ນະຄອນຫຼວງຂອງ ສປປ ລາວ. h408klnn4ph8vl3loe6l24a7orwytee 0 21378 128389 125488 2026-06-19T05:06:05Z Randervik 18653 added [[Category:ບານ​ເຕະ​ຢູ່​ຫວຽດ​ນາມ]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]] 128389 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ຄຸນນະພາບການແປ}}{{ຕ້ອງການອ້າງອີງ}} ສະ​ຫະ​ພັນ '''ວີ.ລີກ 1''' ({{Lang-vi|Giải bóng đá Vô địch Quốc gia Việt Nam}}), ເຊິ່ງເອີ້ນກັນວ່າ '''LPBank ວີ.ລີກ 1''' ດ້ວຍເຫດຜົນການສະໜັບສະໜຸນ, ແມ່ນລີກ [[ເຕະບານ]] ອາຊີບອັນດັບໜຶ່ງຂອງ [[ປະເທດຫວຽດນາມ|ຫວຽດນາມ]], ຄວບຄຸມໂດຍບໍລິສັດຫຸ້ນສ່ວນບານເຕະອາຊີບຫວຽດນາມ (VPF). ມັນໄດ້ຖືກແຂ່ງຂັນໂດຍ 14 ສະໂມສອນທີ່ຫຼິ້ນເຊິ່ງກັນແລະກັນໃນພື້ນ ຖານ ແລະ ນອກ. ທີມ​ທີ່​ຈົບ​ຢູ່​ເທິງ​ສຸດ​ໃນ​ທ້າຍ​ລະ​ດູ​ການ​ໄດ້​ຄອງ​ແຊ້ມ​ແລະ​ໄດ້​ເຂົ້າ​ໄປ​ໃນ [[ເອເອັຟຊີ ແຊ້ມປ້ຽນລີກ ສອງ]]. [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະວິເອຕເຕລ|ວິເອຕເຕລ]] ​ແລະ [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະຮ່າໂນ້ຍ|ຮ່າ​ໂນ້ຍ]] ຍາດ​ໄດ້​ລາງວັນ​ອັນ​ດັບ​ໜຶ່ງ 6 ຄັ້ງ, ​ແມ່ນ​ຫຼາຍ​ທີ່​ສຸດ​ໃນ​ບັນດາ​ສະ​ໂມ​ສອນ ວີ.ລີກ. ແຊ້ມປັດຈຸບັນແມ່ນ ເທບ ແຊນ ນາມດິງ ທີ່ຊະນະ 2024-25 ສະໄໝ. [[ໝວດ:ບານ​ເຕະ​ຢູ່​ຫວຽດ​ນາມ]] i58mdzgcvs1e64zliojksj2qlqclhrd 0 21408 128390 127643 2026-06-19T05:07:36Z Randervik 18653 added [[Category:ເຕະບານໃນປະເທດໄທ]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]] 128390 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ໄທລີກ 1''' ([[ພາສາໄທ]]: ไทยลีก 1), ມັກຈະເອີ້ນວ່າ '''T1''', ແມ່ນລະດັບສູງສຸດຂອງ ລະບົບລີກບານເຕະໄທ . ການແຂ່ງຂັນໂດຍ 16 ສະໂມສອນ, ມັນດໍາເນີນຢູ່ໃນລະບົບ ການສົ່ງເສີມແລະແບ່ງອອກ ກັບ[[ໄທລີກ 2]]. ລະດູການໂດຍປົກກະຕິແມ່ນດໍາເນີນແຕ່ເດືອນສິງຫາຫາເດືອນພຶດສະພາ, ໂດຍແຕ່ລະທີມຫຼີ້ນ 30 ເກມ: ສອງກັບທີມອື່ນ, ຫນຶ່ງໃນບ້ານແລະຫນຶ່ງນອກ. ທີ່ຜ່ານມາແມ່ນໄດ້ຮັບການສະຫນັບສະຫນູນໂດຍ [[ໂຕໂຍຕ້າ]] ແລະເອີ້ນວ່າ Hilux Revo ໄທລີກ ຢ່າງໃດກໍ່ຕາມ, ປະຈຸບັນນີ້ໄດ້ຮັບການສະຫນັບສະຫນູນໂດຍ BYD ແລະຖືກເອີ້ນວ່າ '''BYD Sealion 6 League I''', ເກມສ່ວນຫຼາຍແມ່ນຫຼິ້ນໃນຕອນແລງວັນເສົາແລະວັນອາທິດ, ບາງຄັ້ງກໍ່ມີການແຂ່ງຂັນໃນວັນພຸດແລະວັນສຸກ.<ref>{{Cite web|archive-url=https://www.eurosport.com/football/thailand-league/calendar-result.shtml|title=Hilux Revo Thai League 2021-2022 fixtures, results & tables - Football}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|archive-url=https://adaymagazine.com/draft-16/|title=รีแบรนด์ไทยลีก : การปรับภาพลักษณ์ครั้งใหญ่ที่ฉีกทุกภาพจำของฟุตบอลไทยลีก}}</ref> == ເບິ່ງນຳ == * [[ໄທລີກ 2]] * [[ໄທລີກ 3]] == ອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ເຕະບານໃນປະເທດໄທ]] orfy3kt10nyhf6aq58cbvaihccvhy7s 14 21760 128388 111818 2026-06-19T05:02:33Z Randervik 18653 added [[Category:ບານ​ເຕະ​ຢູ່​ຫວຽດ​ນາມ]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]] 128388 wikitext text/x-wiki [[ໝວດ:ບານ​ເຕະ​ຢູ່​ຫວຽດ​ນາມ]] 970luse467v76ejbp3gadlhpj6m1h0u 0 22553 128391 126573 2026-06-19T05:12:09Z Randervik 18653 128391 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=ຫງວຽນ ກົງ ເຟືອງ|fullname=ຫງວຽນ ກົງ ເຟືອງ|image=[[ຮູບ:Nguyễn Công Phượng 20191201 (cropped).jpg|210px]]|caption=ກົງ ເຟືອງກັບ[[ບານ​ເຕະ​ແຫ່ງ​ຊາດ​ຫວຽດ​ນາມ]]ໃນ[[ເອເອັຟຊີ ເອເຊຍ ຄັບ 2019]]|birth_date={{birth date and age|1995|01|21|df=y}}|birth_place=[[Đô Lương District|Đô Lương]], [[ແຂວງ ເງ້ອານ|ເງ້ອານ]], [[ຫວຽດນາມ]]|height=1.68 m|currentclub=[[Truong Tuoi Binh Phuoc FC|ເຈືອງ​ຕື໋ອອຍ​ບິ່ງ​ເຟືອກ]]|clubnumber=70|position=[[ກອງໜ້າ]], [[ກອງກາງ|ກອງກາງຕົວບຸກ]]|youthyears1=2007–2014|youthclubs1=[[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະຮ່ວາງແອງຢາລາຍ|ຮ່ວາງແອງຢາລາຍ]]|years1=2015–2023|clubs1=[[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະຮ່ວາງແອງຢາລາຍ|ຮ່ວາງແອງຢາລາຍ]]|caps1=103|goals1=36|years2=2016|clubs2=→ [[Mito HollyHock]] (ຢືມຕົວ)|caps2=5|goals2=0|years3=2019|clubs3=→ [[Incheon United FC|Incheon United]] (ຢືມຕົວ)|caps3=8|goals3=0|years4=2019|clubs4=→ [[Sint-Truidense V.V.|Sint-Truiden]] (ຢືມຕົວ)|caps4=1|goals4=0|years5=2020|clubs5=→ [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະນະຄອນໂຮ່ຈີ່ມິນ|ນະຄອນໂຮ່ຈີ່ມິນ]] (ຢືມຕົວ)|caps5=12|goals5=6|years6=2023–2024|clubs6=[[ໂຢໂກຮາມາ FC|ໂຢໂກຮາມາ]]|caps6=0|goals6=0|years7=2024–|clubs7=[[Truong Tuoi Binh Phuoc FC|ເຈືອງ​ຕື໋ອອຍ​ບິ່ງ​ເຟືອກ]]|caps7=11|goals7=7|nationalyears1=2013–2014|nationalteam1=[[ບານເຕະທີມຊາດຫວຽດນາມ ຮຸ່ນອາຍຸບໍ່ເກີນ 19 ປີ|U19 ຫວຽດນາມ]]|nationalcaps1=22|nationalgoals1=14|nationalyears2=2015–2018|nationalteam2=[[ບານເຕະທີມຊາດຫວຽດນາມຮຸ່ນອາຍຸບໍ່ເກີນ 23 ປີ|U23 ຫວຽດນາມ]]|nationalcaps2=64|nationalgoals2=27|nationalyears3=2015–|nationalteam3=[[ບານ​ເຕະ​ແຫ່ງ​ຊາດ​ຫວຽດ​ນາມ|ຫວຽດ​ນາມ]]|nationalcaps3=56|nationalgoals3=12|medaltemplates={{Medal|Sport|Men's [[Association football|football]]}} {{Medal|Country|{{fb|VIE}}}} {{Medal|Competition|[[AFF U-19 Youth Championship]]}} {{medal|RU|[[2013 AFF U-19 Youth Championship|Indonesia 2013]]|Team}} {{medal|RU|[[2014 AFF U-19 Youth Championship|Vietnam 2014]]|Team}} {{Medal|Competition|[[Southeast Asian Games]]}} {{Medal|Bronze|[[2015 Southeast Asian Games|Singapore 2015]]|[[Football at the 2015 Southeast Asian Games|Team]]}} {{Medal|Competition|[[AFC U-23 Championship]]}} {{medal|RU|[[2018 AFC U-23 Championship|China 2018]]|Team}} {{Medal|Competition|[[AFF Championship]]}} {{medal|W|[[2018 AFF Championship|ASEAN 2018]]|Team}}|club-update=4 ພຶດສະພາ 2025|nationalteam-update=11 ກັນຍາ 2023, 21:00 (UTC)}}'''ຫງວຽນ ກົງ ເຟືອງ''' ([[ພາສາຫວຽດນາມ|ຫວຽດ​ນາມ]]​: ''Nguyễn Công Phượng''; ເກີດວັນທີ 21 ມັງກອນ 1995) ເປັນ[[ເຕະບານ|ນັກກິລາບານເຕະ]]ອາຊີບຫວຽດນາມທີ່ຫຼິ້ນເປັນ[[ກອງໜ້າ]] ຫຼື [[ກອງກາງ|ກອງກາງຕົວບຸກ]]ໃຫ້ກັບສະໂມສອນ ວີ.ລີກ 2 [[ເຈືອງ​ຕື໋ອອຍ​ບິ່ງ​ເຟືອກ]] ແລະ[[ບານ​ເຕະ​ແຫ່ງ​ຊາດ​ຫວຽດ​ນາມ|ທີມຊາດຫວຽດນາມ]]. ກົງ ເຟືອງໄດ້ຮັບການຍົກຍ້ອງເປັນ "[[ລີໂອເນລ ເມສຊີ|ເມສຊີ]]ຫວຽດນາມ"<ref>{{Cite web|archive-url=http://www.bongda.com.vn/goc-ban-doc/Nguyen-Cong-Phuong-Xung-danh-Messi-Viet-Nam/|title=Nguyễn Công Phượng: Xứng danh "Messi Việt Nam"}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|archive-url=http://soha.vn/the-thao/cong-phuong-len-bao-tay-duoc-vi-la-messi-cua-viet-nam-20140906064649124.htm|title=Công Phượng lên báo Tây, được ví là Messi của Việt Nam}}</ref> ໂດຍ fans ແລະສື່ມວນຊົນເນື່ອງຈາກຮູບແບບການຫຼິ້ນແລະຮ່າງກາຍຂອງລາວ. == ກຽດນິຍົມ == '''ຫວຽດນາມ''' * [[ການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ|AFF Championship]]: 2018 * [[ວີເອັຟເອັຟຄັບ]]: 2022 '''U23 ຫວຽດນາມ''' * ວີເອັຟເອັຟຄັບ: 2018 '''ບຸກຄົນ''' * ນັກ​ເຕະ​ໄວ​ໜຸ່ມ​ແຫ່ງ​ປີ 2015 ຂອງ​ຫວຽດ​ນາມ * ຜູ້ນຫວຽດນາມມັກທີ່ສຸດ: 2017, 2018 * [[ວີ.ລີກ 1]] XI: 2018, 2020 == ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ນັກກິລາບານເຕະຊາຍ ຫວຽດນາມ]] [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ຍັງມີຊີວິດຢູ່]] [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ເກີດໃນປີ ຄ.ສ. 1995]] [[ໝວດ:ນັກກິລາບານເຕະຊາຍຊາວເບລຢ້ຽນ]] [[ໝວດ:ນັກເຕະບານ]] 64nx03achtq9w8425nk51y4rh38rbd8 0 22660 128341 116792 2026-06-19T01:02:48Z Randervik 18653 128341 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ຂະຫຍາຍ}} '''ສະໂມສອນຈຳປາສັກຢູ່ໄນເຕັດ''' ເປັນສະໂມສອນ[[ເຕະບານ|ບານເຕະ]]ອາຊີບທີ່ຕັ້ງຢູ່ໃນນະຄອນ[[ເມືອງປາກເຊ|ປາກເຊ]], [[ປະເທດລາວ]], ທີ່ລົງແຂ່ງຂັນໃນລາວພຣີເມຍລີກ, ເປັນພະແນກທີ່ສູງທີ່ສຸດໃນບານເຕະລາວ. ສະໂມສອນແຂ່ງຂັນບ້ານເກີດຢູ່ທີ່[[ສະໜາມກິລາແຂວງຈຳປາສັກ]] ທີ່ບັນຈຸຄົນໄດ້ 12,000 ຄົນ. == ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະໃນລາວ]] 79nlv09wqcfg6wgotsqh3awinaw5ss2 0 24066 128384 123147 2026-06-19T04:50:02Z Randervik 18653 added [[Category:ເຕະບານໃນປະເທດໄທ]] using [[Help:Gadget-HotCat|HotCat]] 128384 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ສະມາຄົມບານເຕະແຫ່ງປະເທດໄທ''' ({{Langx|th|สมาคมกีฬาฟุตบอลแห่งประเทศไทย}}; '''FAT''') ເປັນອົງການປົກຄອງ[[ເຕະບານ]], [[ຟຸດຊໍ]] ແລະ [[ບານເຕະຫາດຊາຍ]]ໃນ[[ປະເທດໄທ]]. ມັນໄດ້ຖືກສ້າງຕັ້ງຂຶ້ນໃນວັນທີ 25 ເມສາ 1916. ສະມາຄົມໄດ້ເຂົ້າຮ່ວມ FIFA ໃນວັນທີ 23 ມິຖຸນາ 1925 ແລະ [[ສະຫະພັນບານເຕະອາຊີ|AFC]] ໃນປີ 1954.<ref>{{Cite web|archive-url=https://www.siamsporttalk.com/th/entertainment/sport/76-football/federation-football/825-fa-thailand.html|title=FA Thailand สมาคมกีฬาฟุตบอลแห่งประเทศไทย ในพระบรมราชูปถัมภ์}}</ref> == ອ້າງອີງ == <references /> == ລິ້ງພາຍນອກ == * {{Official website|https://fathailand.org/}} (in Thai) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070603190640/http://www.fifa.com/associations/association=tha/index.html Thailand] at FIFA.com (archived) {{Stub}} [[ໝວດ:ເຕະບານໃນປະເທດໄທ]] floffvghgr20j4fpm4olto4mnqr1gi9 0 24955 128342 2026-06-19T01:17:33Z Randervik 18653 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1355315173|Mazda GB F.C.]]" 128342 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນສະໂມສອນເຕະບານ|clubname=Mazda GB|image=Mazda GB logo.png|upright=0.75|fullname=Mazda GB Football Club|nickname=|founded={{start date and age|2018|1|1}}|ground=[[Laos National Stadium]]|capacity=25,000|owner=|chairman=Thipphanet Keomanivong|manager=Oley Bousaart|league=[[Lao League 1]]|season=[[2025–26 Lao League 1|2025–26]]|position=Lao League 1, 3rd of 10|current=|pattern_la1=|pattern_b1=|pattern_ra1=|pattern_sh1=|pattern_so1=|leftarm1=000000|body1=EB0000|rightarm1=000000|shorts1=EB0000|socks1=EB0000|pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=|pattern_ra2=|pattern_sh2=|pattern_so2=|leftarm2=0000CD|body2=0000CD|rightarm2=0000CD|shorts2=0000CD|socks2=0000CD|website=}}'''ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະມາດສະດ້າ ຈີບີ''' ຫຼື ທີ່ຮູ້ຈັກໃນຊື່ '''ມາດສະດ້າ ຈີບີ''', ເປັນສະໂມສອນບານເຕະອາຊີບທີ່ຕັ້ງຢູ່[[ນະຄອນຫຼວງວຽງຈັນ]] [[ປະເທດລາວ]]. ສະໂມສອນກໍ່ຕັ້ງຂຶ້ນໃນວັນທີ 1 ມັງກອນ 2018 ແລະປັດຈຸບັນເຂົ້າຮ່ວມແຂ່ງຂັນໃນ[[ລາວລີກ 1]] ຊຶ່ງເປັນລີກສູງສຸດຂອງບານເຕະລາວ. ທີມໃຊ້ສະໜາມກິລາແຫ່ງຊາດລາວ ທີ່ມີຄວາມຈຸ 25,000 ຄົນ ເປັນສະໜາມເຫຍົ້າ.<ref name="aseanfootball2023">{{cite web|title=Eight teams for Pepsi Lao League 2023|url=https://www.aseanfootball.org/v3/eight-teams-for-pepsi-lao-league-2023/|website=ASEAN Football Federation|date=23 February 2023|access-date=6 October 2025}}</ref> ສະໂມສອນນີ້ເປັນນິຕິບຸກຄົນທີ່ແຍກຕ່າງຫາກຈາກ[[ວຽງຈັນ F.C|ສະໂມສອນວຽງຈັນ ເອຟຊີ]] (ຫຼື ວຽງຈັນ ແຄັບພິຕອນ) ໃນອະດີດ ແລະ ສະໂມສອນ [[ສະໂມສອນເອັສເຮັສບີ ວຽງຈັນ|SHB ວຽງຈັນ ເອຟຊີ]] ທີ່ໄດ້ຍຸບຕົວໄປແລ້ວ. == ອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະໃນລາວ]] gg6m0c4dbwla00zgmrwqfkyn89s2wuh 128343 128342 2026-06-19T01:19:21Z Randervik 18653 128343 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ຂະຫຍາຍ}}{{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນສະໂມສອນເຕະບານ|clubname=ມາດສດ້າ ຈີບີ|image=Mazda GB logo.png|upright=0.75|fullname=ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະມາດສດ້າ ຈີບີ|nickname=|founded={{start date and age|2018|1|1}}|ground=[[ສະໜາມກິລາແຫ່ງຊາດລາວ]]|capacity=25,000|owner=|chairman=Thipphanet Keomanivong|manager=Oley Bousaart|league=[[ລາວລີກ 1]]|season=[[ລາວລີກ 1 2025–26|2025–26]]|position=ລາວລີກ 1, ອັນດັບທີ 3|current=|pattern_la1=|pattern_b1=|pattern_ra1=|pattern_sh1=|pattern_so1=|leftarm1=000000|body1=EB0000|rightarm1=000000|shorts1=EB0000|socks1=EB0000|pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=|pattern_ra2=|pattern_sh2=|pattern_so2=|leftarm2=0000CD|body2=0000CD|rightarm2=0000CD|shorts2=0000CD|socks2=0000CD|website=}}'''ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະມາດສະດ້າ ຈີບີ''' ຫຼື ທີ່ຮູ້ຈັກໃນຊື່ '''ມາດສະດ້າ ຈີບີ''', ເປັນສະໂມສອນບານເຕະອາຊີບທີ່ຕັ້ງຢູ່[[ນະຄອນຫຼວງວຽງຈັນ]] [[ປະເທດລາວ]]. ສະໂມສອນກໍ່ຕັ້ງຂຶ້ນໃນວັນທີ 1 ມັງກອນ 2018 ແລະປັດຈຸບັນເຂົ້າຮ່ວມແຂ່ງຂັນໃນ[[ລາວລີກ 1]] ຊຶ່ງເປັນລີກສູງສຸດຂອງບານເຕະລາວ. ທີມໃຊ້[[ສະໜາມກິລາແຫ່ງຊາດລາວ]] ທີ່ມີຄວາມຈຸ 25,000 ຄົນ ເປັນສະໜາມເຫຍົ້າ.<ref name="aseanfootball2023">{{cite web|title=Eight teams for Pepsi Lao League 2023|url=https://www.aseanfootball.org/v3/eight-teams-for-pepsi-lao-league-2023/|website=ASEAN Football Federation|date=23 February 2023|access-date=6 October 2025}}</ref> ສະໂມສອນນີ້ເປັນນິຕິບຸກຄົນທີ່ແຍກຕ່າງຫາກຈາກ[[ວຽງຈັນ F.C|ສະໂມສອນວຽງຈັນ ເອຟຊີ]] (ຫຼື ວຽງຈັນ ແຄັບພິຕອນ) ໃນອະດີດ ແລະ ສະໂມສອນ [[ສະໂມສອນເອັສເຮັສບີ ວຽງຈັນ|SHB ວຽງຈັນ ເອຟຊີ]] ທີ່ໄດ້ຍຸບຕົວໄປແລ້ວ. == ອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະໃນລາວ]] 1u3i6rdnzdz3fa3htod2c3f2htzpriu 128344 128343 2026-06-19T01:20:32Z Randervik 18653 128344 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ຂະຫຍາຍ}}{{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນສະໂມສອນເຕະບານ|clubname=ມາດສດ້າ ຈີບີ|image=Mazda GB logo.png|upright=0.75|fullname=ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະມາດສດ້າ ຈີບີ|nickname=|founded={{start date and age|2018|1|1}}|ground=[[ສະໜາມກິລາແຫ່ງຊາດລາວ]]|capacity=25,000|owner=|chairman=ທິບພະເນດ ແກ້ວມະນີວົງ|manager=Oley Bousaart|league=[[ລາວລີກ 1]]|season=[[ລາວລີກ 1 2025–26|2025–26]]|position=ລາວລີກ 1, ອັນດັບທີ 3|current=|pattern_la1=|pattern_b1=|pattern_ra1=|pattern_sh1=|pattern_so1=|leftarm1=000000|body1=EB0000|rightarm1=000000|shorts1=EB0000|socks1=EB0000|pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=|pattern_ra2=|pattern_sh2=|pattern_so2=|leftarm2=0000CD|body2=0000CD|rightarm2=0000CD|shorts2=0000CD|socks2=0000CD|website=}}'''ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະມາດສະດ້າ ຈີບີ''' ຫຼື ທີ່ຮູ້ຈັກໃນຊື່ '''ມາດສະດ້າ ຈີບີ''', ເປັນສະໂມສອນບານເຕະອາຊີບທີ່ຕັ້ງຢູ່[[ນະຄອນຫຼວງວຽງຈັນ]] [[ປະເທດລາວ]]. ສະໂມສອນກໍ່ຕັ້ງຂຶ້ນໃນວັນທີ 1 ມັງກອນ 2018 ແລະປັດຈຸບັນເຂົ້າຮ່ວມແຂ່ງຂັນໃນ[[ລາວລີກ 1]] ຊຶ່ງເປັນລີກສູງສຸດຂອງບານເຕະລາວ. ທີມໃຊ້[[ສະໜາມກິລາແຫ່ງຊາດລາວ]] ທີ່ມີຄວາມຈຸ 25,000 ຄົນ ເປັນສະໜາມເຫຍົ້າ.<ref name="aseanfootball2023">{{cite web|title=Eight teams for Pepsi Lao League 2023|url=https://www.aseanfootball.org/v3/eight-teams-for-pepsi-lao-league-2023/|website=ASEAN Football Federation|date=23 February 2023|access-date=6 October 2025}}</ref> ສະໂມສອນນີ້ເປັນນິຕິບຸກຄົນທີ່ແຍກຕ່າງຫາກຈາກ[[ວຽງຈັນ F.C|ສະໂມສອນວຽງຈັນ ເອຟຊີ]] (ຫຼື ວຽງຈັນ ແຄັບພິຕອນ) ໃນອະດີດ ແລະ ສະໂມສອນ [[ສະໂມສອນເອັສເຮັສບີ ວຽງຈັນ|SHB ວຽງຈັນ ເອຟຊີ]] ທີ່ໄດ້ຍຸບຕົວໄປແລ້ວ. == ອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະໃນລາວ]] h79smdi4pv8jyseo6oiar3l7drn9owi 128392 128344 2026-06-19T05:39:10Z Randervik 18653 128392 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ຂະຫຍາຍ}}{{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນສະໂມສອນເຕະບານ|clubname=ມາດສດ້າ ຈີບີ|image=Mazda GB logo.png|upright=0.75|fullname=ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະມາດສດ້າ ຈີບີ|nickname=|founded={{start date and age|2018|1|1}}|ground=[[ສະໜາມກິລາແຫ່ງຊາດລາວ]]|capacity=25,000|owner=|chairman=ທິບພະເນດ ແກ້ວມະນີວົງ|manager=Oley Bousaart|league=[[ລາວລີກ 1]]|season=[[ລາວລີກ 1 2025–26|2025–26]]|position=ລາວລີກ 1, ອັນດັບທີ 3|current=|pattern_la1=|pattern_b1=|pattern_ra1=|pattern_sh1=|pattern_so1=|leftarm1=000000|body1=EB0000|rightarm1=000000|shorts1=EB0000|socks1=EB0000|pattern_la2=|pattern_b2=|pattern_ra2=|pattern_sh2=|pattern_so2=|leftarm2=0000CD|body2=0000CD|rightarm2=0000CD|shorts2=0000CD|socks2=0000CD|website=}}'''ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະມາດສດ້າ ຈີບີ''' ຫຼື ທີ່ຮູ້ຈັກໃນຊື່ '''ມາດສດ້າ ຈີບີ''', ເປັນສະໂມສອນບານເຕະອາຊີບທີ່ຕັ້ງຢູ່[[ນະຄອນຫຼວງວຽງຈັນ]] [[ປະເທດລາວ]]. ສະໂມສອນກໍ່ຕັ້ງຂຶ້ນໃນວັນທີ 1 ມັງກອນ 2018 ແລະປັດຈຸບັນເຂົ້າຮ່ວມແຂ່ງຂັນໃນ[[ລາວລີກ 1]] ຊຶ່ງເປັນລີກສູງສຸດຂອງບານເຕະລາວ. ທີມໃຊ້[[ສະໜາມກິລາແຫ່ງຊາດລາວ]] ທີ່ມີຄວາມຈຸ 25,000 ຄົນ ເປັນສະໜາມເຫຍົ້າ.<ref name="aseanfootball2023">{{cite web|title=Eight teams for Pepsi Lao League 2023|url=https://www.aseanfootball.org/v3/eight-teams-for-pepsi-lao-league-2023/|website=ASEAN Football Federation|date=23 February 2023|access-date=6 October 2025}}</ref> ສະໂມສອນນີ້ເປັນນິຕິບຸກຄົນທີ່ແຍກຕ່າງຫາກຈາກ[[ວຽງຈັນ F.C|ສະໂມສອນວຽງຈັນ ເອຟຊີ]] (ຫຼື ວຽງຈັນ ແຄັບພິຕອນ) ໃນອະດີດ ແລະ ສະໂມສອນ [[ສະໂມສອນເອັສເຮັສບີ ວຽງຈັນ|SHB ວຽງຈັນ ເອຟຊີ]] ທີ່ໄດ້ຍຸບຕົວໄປແລ້ວ. == ອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະໃນລາວ]] 7ly9lfhxdhw4ef5lg9xjw37s3rt1lev 0 24956 128346 2026-06-19T01:48:47Z Randervik 18653 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360025409|Miroslav Klose]]" 128346 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=Miroslav Klose|image=2016209185719 2016-07-27 Champions for Charity - Sven - 1D X - 0149 - DV3P4742 mod.jpg|caption=Klose in 2016|fullname=Miroslav Josef Klose<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fifadata.com/document/FWC/2014/pdf/FWC_2014_SQUADLISTS.PDF |title=2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil: List of Players: Germany |publisher=FIFA |page=16 |date=14 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203092301/https://www.fifadata.com/document/FWC/2014/pdf/FWC_2014_SQUADLISTS.PDF |archive-date=3 February 2020}}</ref>|birth_date={{birth date and age|1978|06|09|df=y}}<ref name="Klose Kicker">{{Cite web |url=http://www.kicker.de/news/fussball/bundesliga/vereine/2011-12/23709/vereinsspieler_miroslav-klose.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113005658/http://www.kicker.de/news/fussball/bundesliga/vereine/2011-12/23709/vereinsspieler_miroslav-klose.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 November 2012 |title=Miroslav Klose |website=kicker Online |language=de |access-date=30 January 2019}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Opole]], Poland|height=1.84 m<ref name="LAZProfile">{{Cite web |url=http://www.sslazio.it/en/team/first-team/player/34/Klose |title=Miroslav Klose |publisher=S.S. Lazio |access-date=21 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151218123850/http://www.sslazio.it/en/team/first-team/player/34/Klose |archive-date=18 December 2015 }}</ref>|position=[[Forward (association football)#Striker|Striker]]|currentclub=[[1. FC Nürnberg]] (manager)|youthyears1=1987–1998|youthclubs1=SG Blaubach-Diedelkopf|years1=1998–1999|clubs1=[[FC 08 Homburg|FC 08 Homburg II]]|caps1=15|goals1=10|years2=1998–1999|clubs2=[[FC 08 Homburg]]|caps2=18|goals2=1|years3=1999–2001|clubs3=[[1. FC Kaiserslautern II]]|caps3=50|goals3=26|years4=1999–2004|clubs4=[[1. FC Kaiserslautern]]|caps4=120|goals4=44|years5=2004–2007|clubs5=[[SV Werder Bremen|Werder Bremen]]|caps5=89|goals5=53|years6=2007–2011|clubs6=[[FC Bayern Munich|Bayern Munich]]|caps6=98|goals6=24|years7=2011–2016|clubs7=[[S.S. Lazio|Lazio]]|caps7=139 <!-- DOMESTIC LEAGUE MATCHES ONLY -->|goals7=54|totalcaps=529|totalgoals=212|nationalyears1=2001–2014|nationalteam1=[[Germany national football team|Germany]]|nationalcaps1=137|nationalgoals1=[[List of international goals scored by Miroslav Klose|71]]|manageryears1=2022–2023|managerclubs1=[[SC Rheindorf Altach|Rheindorf Altach]]|manageryears2=2024–|managerclubs2=[[1. FC Nürnberg]]|medaltemplates={{MedalSport|Men's [[Association football|football]]}} {{MedalCountry|{{fb|GER}}}} {{MedalCompetition|[[FIFA World Cup]]}} {{Medal|W|[[2014 FIFA World Cup|2014 Brazil]]|[[2014 FIFA World Cup squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[2002 FIFA World Cup|2002 Korea/Japan]]|[[2002 FIFA World Cup squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[2006 FIFA World Cup|2006 Germany]]|[[2006 FIFA World Cup squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[2010 FIFA World Cup|2010 South Africa]]|[[2010 FIFA World Cup squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[UEFA European Championship]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[UEFA Euro 2008|2008 Austria–Switzerland]]|[[UEFA Euro 2008 squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[UEFA Euro 2012|2012 Poland–Ukraine]]|[[UEFA Euro 2012 squads#Germany|Team]]}}<!-- Though there was no third place playoff, UEFA decided in the 2012 edition to award the semi-final losers (Germany and Portugal) bronze medals for the first time: https://www.uefa.com/MultimediaFiles/Download/competitions/euro/91/87/57/918757_download.pdf -->}}'''ມີໂຣສະລາຟ ໂຢເຊັບ ໂຄລເຊ''' ([[ພາ​ສາ​ໂປ​ແລນ​|ໂປແລນ]]: ''Mirosław Józef Klose''; ຊື່ເດີມ Mirosław Marian Klose; ເກີດ 9 ມິຖຸນາ 1978) ເປັນຜູ້ຈັດການທີມຟຸດບອນ ແລະ ອະດີດນັກຟຸດບອນອາຊີບຊາວເຢຍລະມັນເຊື້ອສາຍໂປແລນ. ປັດຈຸບັນລາວເປັນຫົວໜ້າຜູ້ຝຶກສອນໃຫ້ແກ່ 1. FC Nürnberg. ລາວເປັນຜູ້ຍິງປະຕູສູງສຸດຕະຫຼອດການຂອງທີມຊາດເຢຍລະມັນ ແລະ ຮ່ວມຄອງສະຖິຕິການຍິງປະຕູໃນຟີຟ່າເວີລ໌ຄັບຮອບສຸດທ້າຍຫຼາຍທີ່ສຸດ ດ້ວຍຈໍານວນ 16 ປະຕູ. ລາວເຄີຍຄອງສະຖິຕິນີ້ພຽງຜູ້ດຽວເປັນເວລາ 12 ປີ ກ່ອນທີ່ [[ລີໂອເນລ ເມສຊີ]] ຈະທໍາສະຖິຕິໄດ້ເທົ່າກັນໃນປີ 2026. [[ໝວດ:ນັກກິລາບານເຕະຊາຍຂອງໂປໂລຍ]] [[ໝວດ:ນັກກິລາບານເຕະຊາຍຂອງເຢຍລະມັນ]] [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ຍັງມີຊີວິດຢູ່]] [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ເກີດໃນປີ ຄ.ສ. 1978]] iufriwrn928pgctnzm6t86nfeaxmmri 128347 128346 2026-06-19T01:53:18Z Randervik 18653 128347 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football biography|name=ມິໂຣສະລາຟ ໂຄລເຊ|image=[[ຮູບ:2016209185719 2016-07-27 Champions for Charity - Sven - 1D X - 0149 - DV3P4742 mod.jpg|210px]]|caption=ໂຄລເຊໃນປີ 2016|fullname=ມິໂຣສະລາຟ ໂຢເຊັບ ໂຄລເຊ<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fifadata.com/document/FWC/2014/pdf/FWC_2014_SQUADLISTS.PDF |title=2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil: List of Players: Germany |publisher=FIFA |page=16 |date=14 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203092301/https://www.fifadata.com/document/FWC/2014/pdf/FWC_2014_SQUADLISTS.PDF |archive-date=3 February 2020}}</ref>|birth_date={{birth date and age|1978|06|09|df=y}}<ref name="Klose Kicker">{{Cite web |url=http://www.kicker.de/news/fussball/bundesliga/vereine/2011-12/23709/vereinsspieler_miroslav-klose.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113005658/http://www.kicker.de/news/fussball/bundesliga/vereine/2011-12/23709/vereinsspieler_miroslav-klose.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 November 2012 |title=Miroslav Klose |website=kicker Online |language=de |access-date=30 January 2019}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Opole]], [[ປະເທດໂປແລນ]]|height=1.84 m<ref name="LAZProfile">{{Cite web |url=http://www.sslazio.it/en/team/first-team/player/34/Klose |title=Miroslav Klose |publisher=S.S. Lazio |access-date=21 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151218123850/http://www.sslazio.it/en/team/first-team/player/34/Klose |archive-date=18 December 2015 }}</ref>|position=[[ກອງໜ້າ]]|currentclub=[[1. FC Nürnberg]] (ຜູ້ຈັດການ)|youthyears1=1987–1998|youthclubs1=SG Blaubach-Diedelkopf|years1=1998–1999|clubs1=[[FC 08 Homburg|FC 08 Homburg II]]|caps1=15|goals1=10|years2=1998–1999|clubs2=[[FC 08 Homburg]]|caps2=18|goals2=1|years3=1999–2001|clubs3=[[1. FC Kaiserslautern II]]|caps3=50|goals3=26|years4=1999–2004|clubs4=[[1. FC Kaiserslautern]]|caps4=120|goals4=44|years5=2004–2007|clubs5=[[SV Werder Bremen|Werder Bremen]]|caps5=89|goals5=53|years6=2007–2011|clubs6=[[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະ ບາເຢິນ ມິວນິກ|ບາເຢິນ ມິວນິກ]]|caps6=98|goals6=24|years7=2011–2016|clubs7=[[ສະໂມສອນກິລາລາຊິໂອ|ລາຊິໂອ]]|caps7=139 <!-- DOMESTIC LEAGUE MATCHES ONLY -->|goals7=54|totalcaps=529|totalgoals=212|nationalyears1=2001–2014|nationalteam1=[[ບານເຕະທີມຊາດເຢຍລະມັນ|ເຢຍລະມັນ]]|nationalcaps1=137|nationalgoals1=71|manageryears1=2022–2023|managerclubs1=[[SC Rheindorf Altach|Rheindorf Altach]]|manageryears2=2024–|managerclubs2=[[1. FC Nürnberg]]|medaltemplates={{MedalSport|Men's [[Association football|football]]}} {{MedalCountry|{{fb|GER}}}} {{MedalCompetition|[[FIFA World Cup]]}} {{Medal|W|[[2014 FIFA World Cup|2014 Brazil]]|[[2014 FIFA World Cup squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[2002 FIFA World Cup|2002 Korea/Japan]]|[[2002 FIFA World Cup squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[2006 FIFA World Cup|2006 Germany]]|[[2006 FIFA World Cup squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[2010 FIFA World Cup|2010 South Africa]]|[[2010 FIFA World Cup squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[UEFA European Championship]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[UEFA Euro 2008|2008 Austria–Switzerland]]|[[UEFA Euro 2008 squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[UEFA Euro 2012|2012 Poland–Ukraine]]|[[UEFA Euro 2012 squads#Germany|Team]]}}<!-- Though there was no third place playoff, UEFA decided in the 2012 edition to award the semi-final losers (Germany and Portugal) bronze medals for the first time: https://www.uefa.com/MultimediaFiles/Download/competitions/euro/91/87/57/918757_download.pdf -->}}'''ມີໂຣສະລາຟ ໂຢເຊັບ ໂຄລເຊ''' ([[ພາ​ສາ​ໂປ​ແລນ​|ໂປແລນ]]: ''Mirosław Józef Klose''; ຊື່ເດີມ Mirosław Marian Klose; ເກີດ 9 ມິຖຸນາ 1978) ເປັນຜູ້ຈັດການທີມຟຸດບອນ ແລະ ອະດີດນັກຟຸດບອນອາຊີບຊາວເຢຍລະມັນເຊື້ອສາຍໂປແລນ. ປັດຈຸບັນລາວເປັນຫົວໜ້າຜູ້ຝຶກສອນໃຫ້ແກ່ 1. FC Nürnberg. ລາວເປັນຜູ້ຍິງປະຕູສູງສຸດຕະຫຼອດການຂອງທີມຊາດເຢຍລະມັນ ແລະ ຮ່ວມຄອງສະຖິຕິການຍິງປະຕູໃນຟີຟ່າເວີລ໌ຄັບຮອບສຸດທ້າຍຫຼາຍທີ່ສຸດ ດ້ວຍຈໍານວນ 16 ປະຕູ. ລາວເຄີຍຄອງສະຖິຕິນີ້ພຽງຜູ້ດຽວເປັນເວລາ 12 ປີ ກ່ອນທີ່ [[ລີໂອເນລ ເມສຊີ]] ຈະທໍາສະຖິຕິໄດ້ເທົ່າກັນໃນປີ 2026. == ອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ນັກກິລາບານເຕະຊາຍຂອງໂປໂລຍ]] [[ໝວດ:ນັກກິລາບານເຕະຊາຍຂອງເຢຍລະມັນ]] [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ຍັງມີຊີວິດຢູ່]] [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ເກີດໃນປີ ຄ.ສ. 1978]] 8f1vkgau9yryxv3pdvyg4mcqne28s6l 128348 128347 2026-06-19T01:53:49Z Randervik 18653 128348 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ຂະຫຍາຍ}}{{Infobox football biography|name=ມິໂຣສະລາຟ ໂຄລເຊ|image=[[ຮູບ:2016209185719 2016-07-27 Champions for Charity - Sven - 1D X - 0149 - DV3P4742 mod.jpg|210px]]|caption=ໂຄລເຊໃນປີ 2016|fullname=ມິໂຣສະລາຟ ໂຢເຊັບ ໂຄລເຊ<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fifadata.com/document/FWC/2014/pdf/FWC_2014_SQUADLISTS.PDF |title=2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil: List of Players: Germany |publisher=FIFA |page=16 |date=14 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203092301/https://www.fifadata.com/document/FWC/2014/pdf/FWC_2014_SQUADLISTS.PDF |archive-date=3 February 2020}}</ref>|birth_date={{birth date and age|1978|06|09|df=y}}<ref name="Klose Kicker">{{Cite web |url=http://www.kicker.de/news/fussball/bundesliga/vereine/2011-12/23709/vereinsspieler_miroslav-klose.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113005658/http://www.kicker.de/news/fussball/bundesliga/vereine/2011-12/23709/vereinsspieler_miroslav-klose.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 November 2012 |title=Miroslav Klose |website=kicker Online |language=de |access-date=30 January 2019}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Opole]], [[ປະເທດໂປແລນ]]|height=1.84 m<ref name="LAZProfile">{{Cite web |url=http://www.sslazio.it/en/team/first-team/player/34/Klose |title=Miroslav Klose |publisher=S.S. Lazio |access-date=21 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151218123850/http://www.sslazio.it/en/team/first-team/player/34/Klose |archive-date=18 December 2015 }}</ref>|position=[[ກອງໜ້າ]]|currentclub=[[1. FC Nürnberg]] (ຜູ້ຈັດການ)|youthyears1=1987–1998|youthclubs1=SG Blaubach-Diedelkopf|years1=1998–1999|clubs1=[[FC 08 Homburg|FC 08 Homburg II]]|caps1=15|goals1=10|years2=1998–1999|clubs2=[[FC 08 Homburg]]|caps2=18|goals2=1|years3=1999–2001|clubs3=[[1. FC Kaiserslautern II]]|caps3=50|goals3=26|years4=1999–2004|clubs4=[[1. FC Kaiserslautern]]|caps4=120|goals4=44|years5=2004–2007|clubs5=[[SV Werder Bremen|Werder Bremen]]|caps5=89|goals5=53|years6=2007–2011|clubs6=[[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະ ບາເຢິນ ມິວນິກ|ບາເຢິນ ມິວນິກ]]|caps6=98|goals6=24|years7=2011–2016|clubs7=[[ສະໂມສອນກິລາລາຊິໂອ|ລາຊິໂອ]]|caps7=139 <!-- DOMESTIC LEAGUE MATCHES ONLY -->|goals7=54|totalcaps=529|totalgoals=212|nationalyears1=2001–2014|nationalteam1=[[ບານເຕະທີມຊາດເຢຍລະມັນ|ເຢຍລະມັນ]]|nationalcaps1=137|nationalgoals1=71|manageryears1=2022–2023|managerclubs1=[[SC Rheindorf Altach|Rheindorf Altach]]|manageryears2=2024–|managerclubs2=[[1. FC Nürnberg]]|medaltemplates={{MedalSport|Men's [[Association football|football]]}} {{MedalCountry|{{fb|GER}}}} {{MedalCompetition|[[FIFA World Cup]]}} {{Medal|W|[[2014 FIFA World Cup|2014 Brazil]]|[[2014 FIFA World Cup squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[2002 FIFA World Cup|2002 Korea/Japan]]|[[2002 FIFA World Cup squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[2006 FIFA World Cup|2006 Germany]]|[[2006 FIFA World Cup squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[2010 FIFA World Cup|2010 South Africa]]|[[2010 FIFA World Cup squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[UEFA European Championship]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[UEFA Euro 2008|2008 Austria–Switzerland]]|[[UEFA Euro 2008 squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[UEFA Euro 2012|2012 Poland–Ukraine]]|[[UEFA Euro 2012 squads#Germany|Team]]}}<!-- Though there was no third place playoff, UEFA decided in the 2012 edition to award the semi-final losers (Germany and Portugal) bronze medals for the first time: https://www.uefa.com/MultimediaFiles/Download/competitions/euro/91/87/57/918757_download.pdf -->}}'''ມີໂຣສະລາຟ ໂຢເຊັບ ໂຄລເຊ''' ([[ພາ​ສາ​ໂປ​ແລນ​|ໂປແລນ]]: ''Mirosław Józef Klose''; ຊື່ເດີມ Mirosław Marian Klose; ເກີດ 9 ມິຖຸນາ 1978) ເປັນຜູ້ຈັດການທີມຟຸດບອນ ແລະ ອະດີດນັກຟຸດບອນອາຊີບຊາວເຢຍລະມັນເຊື້ອສາຍໂປແລນ. ປັດຈຸບັນລາວເປັນຫົວໜ້າຜູ້ຝຶກສອນໃຫ້ແກ່ 1. FC Nürnberg. ລາວເປັນຜູ້ຍິງປະຕູສູງສຸດຕະຫຼອດການຂອງທີມຊາດເຢຍລະມັນ ແລະ ຮ່ວມຄອງສະຖິຕິການຍິງປະຕູໃນຟີຟ່າເວີລ໌ຄັບຮອບສຸດທ້າຍຫຼາຍທີ່ສຸດ ດ້ວຍຈໍານວນ 16 ປະຕູ. ລາວເຄີຍຄອງສະຖິຕິນີ້ພຽງຜູ້ດຽວເປັນເວລາ 12 ປີ ກ່ອນທີ່ [[ລີໂອເນລ ເມສຊີ]] ຈະທໍາສະຖິຕິໄດ້ເທົ່າກັນໃນປີ 2026. == ອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ນັກກິລາບານເຕະຊາຍຂອງໂປໂລຍ]] [[ໝວດ:ນັກກິລາບານເຕະຊາຍຂອງເຢຍລະມັນ]] [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ຍັງມີຊີວິດຢູ່]] [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ເກີດໃນປີ ຄ.ສ. 1978]] nlwhidje7t2zvhlr67tpm98te0o42w1 128349 128348 2026-06-19T01:58:53Z Randervik 18653 128349 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ຂະຫຍາຍ}}{{Infobox football biography|name=ມິໂຣສະລາຟ ໂຄລເຊ|image=[[ຮູບ:2016209185719 2016-07-27 Champions for Charity - Sven - 1D X - 0149 - DV3P4742 mod.jpg|210px]]|caption=ໂຄລເຊໃນປີ 2016|fullname=ມິໂຣສະລາຟ ໂຢເຊັບ ໂຄລເຊ<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fifadata.com/document/FWC/2014/pdf/FWC_2014_SQUADLISTS.PDF |title=2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil: List of Players: Germany |publisher=FIFA |page=16 |date=14 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203092301/https://www.fifadata.com/document/FWC/2014/pdf/FWC_2014_SQUADLISTS.PDF |archive-date=3 February 2020}}</ref>|birth_date={{birth date and age|1978|06|09|df=y}}<ref name="Klose Kicker">{{Cite web |url=http://www.kicker.de/news/fussball/bundesliga/vereine/2011-12/23709/vereinsspieler_miroslav-klose.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113005658/http://www.kicker.de/news/fussball/bundesliga/vereine/2011-12/23709/vereinsspieler_miroslav-klose.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 November 2012 |title=Miroslav Klose |website=kicker Online |language=de |access-date=30 January 2019}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Opole]], [[ປະເທດໂປແລນ]]|height=1.84 m<ref name="LAZProfile">{{Cite web |url=http://www.sslazio.it/en/team/first-team/player/34/Klose |title=Miroslav Klose |publisher=S.S. Lazio |access-date=21 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151218123850/http://www.sslazio.it/en/team/first-team/player/34/Klose |archive-date=18 December 2015 }}</ref>|position=[[ກອງໜ້າ]]|currentclub=[[1. FC Nürnberg]] (ຜູ້ຈັດການ)|youthyears1=1987–1998|youthclubs1=SG Blaubach-Diedelkopf|years1=1998–1999|clubs1=[[FC 08 Homburg|FC 08 Homburg II]]|caps1=15|goals1=10|years2=1998–1999|clubs2=[[FC 08 Homburg]]|caps2=18|goals2=1|years3=1999–2001|clubs3=[[1. FC Kaiserslautern II]]|caps3=50|goals3=26|years4=1999–2004|clubs4=[[1. FC Kaiserslautern]]|caps4=120|goals4=44|years5=2004–2007|clubs5=[[SV Werder Bremen|Werder Bremen]]|caps5=89|goals5=53|years6=2007–2011|clubs6=[[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະ ບາເຢິນ ມິວນິກ|ບາເຢິນ ມິວນິກ]]|caps6=98|goals6=24|years7=2011–2016|clubs7=[[ສະໂມສອນກິລາລາຊິໂອ|ລາຊິໂອ]]|caps7=139 <!-- DOMESTIC LEAGUE MATCHES ONLY -->|goals7=54|totalcaps=529|totalgoals=212|nationalyears1=2001–2014|nationalteam1=[[ບານເຕະທີມຊາດເຢຍລະມັນ|ເຢຍລະມັນ]]|nationalcaps1=137|nationalgoals1=71|manageryears1=2022–2023|managerclubs1=[[SC Rheindorf Altach|Rheindorf Altach]]|manageryears2=2024–|managerclubs2=[[1. FC Nürnberg]]|medaltemplates={{MedalSport|Men's [[Association football|football]]}} {{MedalCountry|{{fb|GER}}}} {{MedalCompetition|[[FIFA World Cup]]}} {{Medal|W|[[2014 FIFA World Cup|2014 Brazil]]|[[2014 FIFA World Cup squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[2002 FIFA World Cup|2002 Korea/Japan]]|[[2002 FIFA World Cup squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[2006 FIFA World Cup|2006 Germany]]|[[2006 FIFA World Cup squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[2010 FIFA World Cup|2010 South Africa]]|[[2010 FIFA World Cup squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{MedalCompetition|[[UEFA European Championship]]}} {{Medal|RU|[[UEFA Euro 2008|2008 Austria–Switzerland]]|[[UEFA Euro 2008 squads#Germany|Team]]}} {{Medal|3rd|[[UEFA Euro 2012|2012 Poland–Ukraine]]|[[UEFA Euro 2012 squads#Germany|Team]]}}<!-- Though there was no third place playoff, UEFA decided in the 2012 edition to award the semi-final losers (Germany and Portugal) bronze medals for the first time: https://www.uefa.com/MultimediaFiles/Download/competitions/euro/91/87/57/918757_download.pdf -->}}'''ມີໂຣສະລາຟ ໂຢເຊັບ ໂຄລເຊ''' ({{Langx|de|Miroslav Josef Klose}}; [[ພາ​ສາ​ໂປ​ແລນ​|ໂປແລນ]]: ''Mirosław Józef Klose''; ຊື່ເດີມ Mirosław Marian Klose; ເກີດ 9 ມິຖຸນາ 1978) ເປັນຜູ້ຈັດການທີມຟຸດບອນ ແລະ ອະດີດນັກຟຸດບອນອາຊີບຊາວເຢຍລະມັນເຊື້ອສາຍໂປແລນ. ປັດຈຸບັນລາວເປັນຫົວໜ້າຜູ້ຝຶກສອນໃຫ້ແກ່ 1. FC Nürnberg. ລາວເປັນຜູ້ຍິງປະຕູສູງສຸດຕະຫຼອດການຂອງທີມຊາດເຢຍລະມັນ ແລະ ຮ່ວມຄອງສະຖິຕິການຍິງປະຕູໃນຟີຟ່າເວີລ໌ຄັບຮອບສຸດທ້າຍຫຼາຍທີ່ສຸດ ດ້ວຍຈໍານວນ 16 ປະຕູ. ລາວເຄີຍຄອງສະຖິຕິນີ້ພຽງຜູ້ດຽວເປັນເວລາ 12 ປີ ກ່ອນທີ່ [[ລີໂອເນລ ເມສຊີ]] ຈະທໍາສະຖິຕິໄດ້ເທົ່າກັນໃນປີ 2026. == ອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ນັກກິລາບານເຕະຊາຍຂອງໂປໂລຍ]] [[ໝວດ:ນັກກິລາບານເຕະຊາຍຂອງເຢຍລະມັນ]] [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ຍັງມີຊີວິດຢູ່]] [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ເກີດໃນປີ ຄ.ສ. 1978]] 3n1dssch9c18blp3ruhdirvukpf6eux 0 24957 128353 2026-06-19T03:29:25Z Randervik 18653 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1359623520|FIFA ASEAN Cup]]" 128353 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox football tournament|logo=|logo_size=|caption=|organiser=[[FIFA]]|founded={{Start date and age|df=yes|2026}}|region=[[Southeast Asia]]|number of teams=Division 1: 8<br>Division 2: 6|qualifier for=|current champions=|most successful team=|website=|current=[[2026 FIFA ASEAN Cup]]}} '''ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ''' ເປັນການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະນານາຊາດລາຍການໃໝ່ທີ່ຮັບຮອງໂດຍ[[ຟີຟ່າ]] ສໍາລັບທີມຊາດຊາຍໃນພາກພື້ນ[[ອາຊີຕາເວັນອອກສຽງໃຕ້]]. ປະທານຟີຟ່າ [[ຈຽນນີ ອິນຟານຕີໂນ]] (Gianni Infantino) ໄດ້ປະກາດຈັດຕັ້ງລາຍການ ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ ໃນວັນທີ 26 ຕຸລາ 2025 ຫຼັງຈາກມີການລົງນາມບັນທຶກຂໍ້ຕົກລົງໃນກອງປະຊຸມສຸດຍອດອາຊຽນຄັ້ງທີ 47.<ref>{{cite news |date=26 October 2025 |title=Fifa announces new Asean Cup tournament for South-east Asian nations |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/sport/football/fifa-announce-new-asean-cup-tournament-for-south-east-asian-nations |access-date=27 October 2025 |work=The Straits Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 October 2025|title=FIFA ASEAN Cup announced as new Memorandum of Understanding is signed in Kuala Lumpur|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/media-releases/fifa-asean-cup-announced-new-memorandum-of-understanding-signed-kuala-lumpur|access-date=26 October 2025|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 October 2025|title=FIFA ASEAN Cup announced as new Memorandum of Understanding is signed in Kuala Lumpur|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/media-releases/fifa-asean-cup-announced-new-memorandum-of-understanding-signed-kuala-lumpur|access-date=26 October 2025|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> ພິທີລົງນາມທີ່ນະຄອນ[[ກົວລາລຸມປູ]] ໄດ້ມີນາຍົກລັດຖະມົນຕີມາເລເຊຍ [[ອັນວາ ໄອບຣາຮິມ]] (Anwar Ibrahim) ເຂົ້າຮ່ວມເປັນສັກຂີພະຍານ. ກ່ອນການປະກາດດັ່ງກ່າວ [[ສະຫະພັນບານເຕະອາຊຽນ]] (AFF) ບໍ່ໄດ້ຮັບຮູ້ລ່ວງໜ້າກ່ຽວກັບແຜນການຈັດການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊາຍລະດັບພາກພື້ນລາຍການທີສອງໃນອາຊຽນ ຊຶ່ງເປັນໂຄງການທີ່ຟີຟ່າເປັນຜູ້ລິເລີ່ມແຕ່ຝ່າຍດຽວ.<ref name="nikei">{{Cite news |last=Duerden |first=John |date=16 November 2025 |title=FIFA's power play in Southeast Asia |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251118010701/https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/sports/fifa-s-power-play-in-southeast-asia |access-date=21 March 2026 |work=Nikkei Asia}}{{Subscription required}}</ref> ໃນວັນທີ 20 ມີນາ 2026 ຟີຟ່າໄດ້ປະກາດວ່າ ໄດ້ອະນຸມັດການຈັດແຂ່ງຂັນ ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ ຢ່າງເປັນທາງການແລ້ວ ຫຼັງຈາກການປະຊຸມອອນໄລນ໌. ການແຂ່ງຂັນຄັ້ງປະຖົມລຶກຈະຈັດຂຶ້ນໃນຊ່ວງເດືອນກັນຍາເຖິງເດືອນຕຸລາ ຫຼັງຈາກ[[ການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ|ການແຂ່ງຂັນຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ]] 2026 ທີ່ຈັດຂຶ້ນໃນຊ່ວງເດືອນກໍລະກົດເຖິງເດືອນສິງຫາ.<ref name="st-sept">{{Cite news |date=20 March 2026 |title=Fifa Asean Cup in September and October could disrupt Lions’ plans |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/sport/football/first-edition-of-fifa-asean-cup-to-take-place-from-sept-oct-2026 |access-date=21 March 2026 |work=The Straits Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Chittinand |first=Tor |date=21 March 2026 |title=New Fifa Asean Cup set for debut |url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/sports/3221085/new-fifa-asean-cup-set-for-debut |access-date=21 March 2026 |work=Bangkok Post |language=en}}</ref> == ອ້າງອີງ == j1vf8pf6cw0lud21ykl08lgn65jk0mz 128354 128353 2026-06-19T03:29:41Z Randervik 18653 128354 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ''' ເປັນການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະນານາຊາດລາຍການໃໝ່ທີ່ຮັບຮອງໂດຍ[[ຟີຟ່າ]] ສໍາລັບທີມຊາດຊາຍໃນພາກພື້ນ[[ອາຊີຕາເວັນອອກສຽງໃຕ້]]. ປະທານຟີຟ່າ [[ຈຽນນີ ອິນຟານຕີໂນ]] (Gianni Infantino) ໄດ້ປະກາດຈັດຕັ້ງລາຍການ ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ ໃນວັນທີ 26 ຕຸລາ 2025 ຫຼັງຈາກມີການລົງນາມບັນທຶກຂໍ້ຕົກລົງໃນກອງປະຊຸມສຸດຍອດອາຊຽນຄັ້ງທີ 47.<ref>{{cite news |date=26 October 2025 |title=Fifa announces new Asean Cup tournament for South-east Asian nations |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/sport/football/fifa-announce-new-asean-cup-tournament-for-south-east-asian-nations |access-date=27 October 2025 |work=The Straits Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 October 2025|title=FIFA ASEAN Cup announced as new Memorandum of Understanding is signed in Kuala Lumpur|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/media-releases/fifa-asean-cup-announced-new-memorandum-of-understanding-signed-kuala-lumpur|access-date=26 October 2025|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 October 2025|title=FIFA ASEAN Cup announced as new Memorandum of Understanding is signed in Kuala Lumpur|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/media-releases/fifa-asean-cup-announced-new-memorandum-of-understanding-signed-kuala-lumpur|access-date=26 October 2025|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> ພິທີລົງນາມທີ່ນະຄອນ[[ກົວລາລຸມປູ]] ໄດ້ມີນາຍົກລັດຖະມົນຕີມາເລເຊຍ [[ອັນວາ ໄອບຣາຮິມ]] (Anwar Ibrahim) ເຂົ້າຮ່ວມເປັນສັກຂີພະຍານ. ກ່ອນການປະກາດດັ່ງກ່າວ [[ສະຫະພັນບານເຕະອາຊຽນ]] (AFF) ບໍ່ໄດ້ຮັບຮູ້ລ່ວງໜ້າກ່ຽວກັບແຜນການຈັດການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊາຍລະດັບພາກພື້ນລາຍການທີສອງໃນອາຊຽນ ຊຶ່ງເປັນໂຄງການທີ່ຟີຟ່າເປັນຜູ້ລິເລີ່ມແຕ່ຝ່າຍດຽວ.<ref name="nikei">{{Cite news |last=Duerden |first=John |date=16 November 2025 |title=FIFA's power play in Southeast Asia |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251118010701/https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/sports/fifa-s-power-play-in-southeast-asia |access-date=21 March 2026 |work=Nikkei Asia}}{{Subscription required}}</ref> ໃນວັນທີ 20 ມີນາ 2026 ຟີຟ່າໄດ້ປະກາດວ່າ ໄດ້ອະນຸມັດການຈັດແຂ່ງຂັນ ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ ຢ່າງເປັນທາງການແລ້ວ ຫຼັງຈາກການປະຊຸມອອນໄລນ໌. ການແຂ່ງຂັນຄັ້ງປະຖົມລຶກຈະຈັດຂຶ້ນໃນຊ່ວງເດືອນກັນຍາເຖິງເດືອນຕຸລາ ຫຼັງຈາກ[[ການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ|ການແຂ່ງຂັນຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ]] 2026 ທີ່ຈັດຂຶ້ນໃນຊ່ວງເດືອນກໍລະກົດເຖິງເດືອນສິງຫາ.<ref name="st-sept">{{Cite news |date=20 March 2026 |title=Fifa Asean Cup in September and October could disrupt Lions’ plans |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/sport/football/first-edition-of-fifa-asean-cup-to-take-place-from-sept-oct-2026 |access-date=21 March 2026 |work=The Straits Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Chittinand |first=Tor |date=21 March 2026 |title=New Fifa Asean Cup set for debut |url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/sports/3221085/new-fifa-asean-cup-set-for-debut |access-date=21 March 2026 |work=Bangkok Post |language=en}}</ref> == ອ້າງອີງ == oritiyjg65l3ygcgwvu1xbykulbtfoo 128355 128354 2026-06-19T03:30:20Z Randervik 18653 128355 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ''' ({{Langx|en|FIFA ASEAN Cup}}) ເປັນການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະນານາຊາດລາຍການໃໝ່ທີ່ຮັບຮອງໂດຍ[[ຟີຟ່າ]] ສໍາລັບທີມຊາດຊາຍໃນພາກພື້ນ[[ອາຊີຕາເວັນອອກສຽງໃຕ້]]. ປະທານຟີຟ່າ [[ຈຽນນີ ອິນຟານຕີໂນ]] (Gianni Infantino) ໄດ້ປະກາດຈັດຕັ້ງລາຍການ ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ ໃນວັນທີ 26 ຕຸລາ 2025 ຫຼັງຈາກມີການລົງນາມບັນທຶກຂໍ້ຕົກລົງໃນກອງປະຊຸມສຸດຍອດອາຊຽນຄັ້ງທີ 47.<ref>{{cite news |date=26 October 2025 |title=Fifa announces new Asean Cup tournament for South-east Asian nations |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/sport/football/fifa-announce-new-asean-cup-tournament-for-south-east-asian-nations |access-date=27 October 2025 |work=The Straits Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 October 2025|title=FIFA ASEAN Cup announced as new Memorandum of Understanding is signed in Kuala Lumpur|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/media-releases/fifa-asean-cup-announced-new-memorandum-of-understanding-signed-kuala-lumpur|access-date=26 October 2025|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 October 2025|title=FIFA ASEAN Cup announced as new Memorandum of Understanding is signed in Kuala Lumpur|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/media-releases/fifa-asean-cup-announced-new-memorandum-of-understanding-signed-kuala-lumpur|access-date=26 October 2025|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> ພິທີລົງນາມທີ່ນະຄອນ[[ກົວລາລຸມປູ]] ໄດ້ມີນາຍົກລັດຖະມົນຕີມາເລເຊຍ [[ອັນວາ ໄອບຣາຮິມ]] (Anwar Ibrahim) ເຂົ້າຮ່ວມເປັນສັກຂີພະຍານ. ກ່ອນການປະກາດດັ່ງກ່າວ [[ສະຫະພັນບານເຕະອາຊຽນ]] (AFF) ບໍ່ໄດ້ຮັບຮູ້ລ່ວງໜ້າກ່ຽວກັບແຜນການຈັດການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊາຍລະດັບພາກພື້ນລາຍການທີສອງໃນອາຊຽນ ຊຶ່ງເປັນໂຄງການທີ່ຟີຟ່າເປັນຜູ້ລິເລີ່ມແຕ່ຝ່າຍດຽວ.<ref name="nikei">{{Cite news |last=Duerden |first=John |date=16 November 2025 |title=FIFA's power play in Southeast Asia |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251118010701/https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/sports/fifa-s-power-play-in-southeast-asia |access-date=21 March 2026 |work=Nikkei Asia}}{{Subscription required}}</ref> ໃນວັນທີ 20 ມີນາ 2026 ຟີຟ່າໄດ້ປະກາດວ່າ ໄດ້ອະນຸມັດການຈັດແຂ່ງຂັນ ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ ຢ່າງເປັນທາງການແລ້ວ ຫຼັງຈາກການປະຊຸມອອນໄລນ໌. ການແຂ່ງຂັນຄັ້ງປະຖົມລຶກຈະຈັດຂຶ້ນໃນຊ່ວງເດືອນກັນຍາເຖິງເດືອນຕຸລາ ຫຼັງຈາກ[[ການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ|ການແຂ່ງຂັນຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ]] 2026 ທີ່ຈັດຂຶ້ນໃນຊ່ວງເດືອນກໍລະກົດເຖິງເດືອນສິງຫາ.<ref name="st-sept">{{Cite news |date=20 March 2026 |title=Fifa Asean Cup in September and October could disrupt Lions’ plans |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/sport/football/first-edition-of-fifa-asean-cup-to-take-place-from-sept-oct-2026 |access-date=21 March 2026 |work=The Straits Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Chittinand |first=Tor |date=21 March 2026 |title=New Fifa Asean Cup set for debut |url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/sports/3221085/new-fifa-asean-cup-set-for-debut |access-date=21 March 2026 |work=Bangkok Post |language=en}}</ref> == ອ້າງອີງ == n9fu9jejo8gt9v60quhr5u25tlxc47m 128357 128355 2026-06-19T03:32:42Z Randervik 18653 128357 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ລະວັງສັບສົນ|ການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ}} '''ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ''' ({{Langx|en|FIFA ASEAN Cup}}) ເປັນການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະນານາຊາດລາຍການໃໝ່ທີ່ຮັບຮອງໂດຍ[[ຟີຟ່າ]] ສໍາລັບທີມຊາດຊາຍໃນພາກພື້ນ[[ອາຊີຕາເວັນອອກສຽງໃຕ້]]. ປະທານຟີຟ່າ [[ຈຽນນີ ອິນຟານຕີໂນ]] (Gianni Infantino) ໄດ້ປະກາດຈັດຕັ້ງລາຍການ ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ ໃນວັນທີ 26 ຕຸລາ 2025 ຫຼັງຈາກມີການລົງນາມບັນທຶກຂໍ້ຕົກລົງໃນກອງປະຊຸມສຸດຍອດອາຊຽນຄັ້ງທີ 47.<ref>{{cite news |date=26 October 2025 |title=Fifa announces new Asean Cup tournament for South-east Asian nations |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/sport/football/fifa-announce-new-asean-cup-tournament-for-south-east-asian-nations |access-date=27 October 2025 |work=The Straits Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 October 2025|title=FIFA ASEAN Cup announced as new Memorandum of Understanding is signed in Kuala Lumpur|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/media-releases/fifa-asean-cup-announced-new-memorandum-of-understanding-signed-kuala-lumpur|access-date=26 October 2025|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 October 2025|title=FIFA ASEAN Cup announced as new Memorandum of Understanding is signed in Kuala Lumpur|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/media-releases/fifa-asean-cup-announced-new-memorandum-of-understanding-signed-kuala-lumpur|access-date=26 October 2025|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> ພິທີລົງນາມທີ່ນະຄອນ[[ກົວລາລຸມປູ]] ໄດ້ມີນາຍົກລັດຖະມົນຕີມາເລເຊຍ [[ອັນວາ ໄອບຣາຮິມ]] (Anwar Ibrahim) ເຂົ້າຮ່ວມເປັນສັກຂີພະຍານ. ກ່ອນການປະກາດດັ່ງກ່າວ [[ສະຫະພັນບານເຕະອາຊຽນ]] (AFF) ບໍ່ໄດ້ຮັບຮູ້ລ່ວງໜ້າກ່ຽວກັບແຜນການຈັດການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊາຍລະດັບພາກພື້ນລາຍການທີສອງໃນອາຊຽນ ຊຶ່ງເປັນໂຄງການທີ່ຟີຟ່າເປັນຜູ້ລິເລີ່ມແຕ່ຝ່າຍດຽວ.<ref name="nikei">{{Cite news |last=Duerden |first=John |date=16 November 2025 |title=FIFA's power play in Southeast Asia |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251118010701/https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/sports/fifa-s-power-play-in-southeast-asia |access-date=21 March 2026 |work=Nikkei Asia}}{{Subscription required}}</ref> ໃນວັນທີ 20 ມີນາ 2026 ຟີຟ່າໄດ້ປະກາດວ່າ ໄດ້ອະນຸມັດການຈັດແຂ່ງຂັນ ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ ຢ່າງເປັນທາງການແລ້ວ ຫຼັງຈາກການປະຊຸມອອນໄລນ໌. ການແຂ່ງຂັນຄັ້ງປະຖົມລຶກຈະຈັດຂຶ້ນໃນຊ່ວງເດືອນກັນຍາເຖິງເດືອນຕຸລາ ຫຼັງຈາກ[[ການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ|ການແຂ່ງຂັນຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ]] 2026 ທີ່ຈັດຂຶ້ນໃນຊ່ວງເດືອນກໍລະກົດເຖິງເດືອນສິງຫາ.<ref name="st-sept">{{Cite news |date=20 March 2026 |title=Fifa Asean Cup in September and October could disrupt Lions’ plans |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/sport/football/first-edition-of-fifa-asean-cup-to-take-place-from-sept-oct-2026 |access-date=21 March 2026 |work=The Straits Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Chittinand |first=Tor |date=21 March 2026 |title=New Fifa Asean Cup set for debut |url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/sports/3221085/new-fifa-asean-cup-set-for-debut |access-date=21 March 2026 |work=Bangkok Post |language=en}}</ref> == ອ້າງອີງ == pi55ak2k1n8y6fmdvvwjuh42swn0iqn 128366 128357 2026-06-19T03:53:06Z Randervik 18653 128366 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ລະວັງສັບສົນ|ການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ}} '''ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ''' ({{Langx|en|FIFA ASEAN Cup}}) ເປັນການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະນານາຊາດລາຍການໃໝ່ທີ່ຮັບຮອງໂດຍ[[ຟີຟ່າ]] ສໍາລັບທີມຊາດຊາຍໃນພາກພື້ນ[[ອາຊີຕາເວັນອອກສຽງໃຕ້]]. ປະທານຟີຟ່າ [[ຈານນີ ອິນຟານຕີໂນ]] (Gianni Infantino) ໄດ້ປະກາດຈັດຕັ້ງລາຍການ ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ ໃນວັນທີ 26 ຕຸລາ 2025 ຫຼັງຈາກມີການລົງນາມບັນທຶກຂໍ້ຕົກລົງໃນກອງປະຊຸມສຸດຍອດອາຊຽນຄັ້ງທີ 47.<ref>{{cite news |date=26 October 2025 |title=Fifa announces new Asean Cup tournament for South-east Asian nations |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/sport/football/fifa-announce-new-asean-cup-tournament-for-south-east-asian-nations |access-date=27 October 2025 |work=The Straits Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 October 2025|title=FIFA ASEAN Cup announced as new Memorandum of Understanding is signed in Kuala Lumpur|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/media-releases/fifa-asean-cup-announced-new-memorandum-of-understanding-signed-kuala-lumpur|access-date=26 October 2025|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 October 2025|title=FIFA ASEAN Cup announced as new Memorandum of Understanding is signed in Kuala Lumpur|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/media-releases/fifa-asean-cup-announced-new-memorandum-of-understanding-signed-kuala-lumpur|access-date=26 October 2025|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> ພິທີລົງນາມທີ່ນະຄອນ[[ກົວລາລຸມປູ]] ໄດ້ມີນາຍົກລັດຖະມົນຕີມາເລເຊຍ [[ອັນວາ ໄອບຣາຮິມ]] (Anwar Ibrahim) ເຂົ້າຮ່ວມເປັນສັກຂີພະຍານ. ກ່ອນການປະກາດດັ່ງກ່າວ [[ສະຫະພັນບານເຕະອາຊຽນ]] (AFF) ບໍ່ໄດ້ຮັບຮູ້ລ່ວງໜ້າກ່ຽວກັບແຜນການຈັດການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊາຍລະດັບພາກພື້ນລາຍການທີສອງໃນອາຊຽນ ຊຶ່ງເປັນໂຄງການທີ່ຟີຟ່າເປັນຜູ້ລິເລີ່ມແຕ່ຝ່າຍດຽວ.<ref name="nikei">{{Cite news |last=Duerden |first=John |date=16 November 2025 |title=FIFA's power play in Southeast Asia |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251118010701/https://asia.nikkei.com/spotlight/sports/fifa-s-power-play-in-southeast-asia |access-date=21 March 2026 |work=Nikkei Asia}}{{Subscription required}}</ref> ໃນວັນທີ 20 ມີນາ 2026 ຟີຟ່າໄດ້ປະກາດວ່າ ໄດ້ອະນຸມັດການຈັດແຂ່ງຂັນ ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ ຢ່າງເປັນທາງການແລ້ວ ຫຼັງຈາກການປະຊຸມອອນໄລນ໌. ການແຂ່ງຂັນຄັ້ງປະຖົມລຶກຈະຈັດຂຶ້ນໃນຊ່ວງເດືອນກັນຍາເຖິງເດືອນຕຸລາ ຫຼັງຈາກ[[ການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ|ການແຂ່ງຂັນຊິງແຊ້ມອາຊຽນ]] 2026 ທີ່ຈັດຂຶ້ນໃນຊ່ວງເດືອນກໍລະກົດເຖິງເດືອນສິງຫາ.<ref name="st-sept">{{Cite news |date=20 March 2026 |title=Fifa Asean Cup in September and October could disrupt Lions’ plans |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/sport/football/first-edition-of-fifa-asean-cup-to-take-place-from-sept-oct-2026 |access-date=21 March 2026 |work=The Straits Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Chittinand |first=Tor |date=21 March 2026 |title=New Fifa Asean Cup set for debut |url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/sports/3221085/new-fifa-asean-cup-set-for-debut |access-date=21 March 2026 |work=Bangkok Post |language=en}}</ref> == ອ້າງອີງ == fdq88iok2zrrv2d3vskif36xn1cuqv1 0 24958 128356 2026-06-19T03:31:01Z Randervik 18653 ພວມໂອນໄປ ຫາ [[ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ]] 128356 wikitext text/x-wiki #redirect[[ຟີຟ່າອາຊຽນຄັບ]] ejy5fkujfj3jj2j4t0cero99vg7f81f 0 24959 128361 2026-06-19T03:42:29Z Randervik 18653 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1360055691|Gianni Infantino]]" 128361 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນ ຜູ້ດຳລົງຕຳແໜ່ງ|name=Gianni Infantino|image=Gianni Infantino - 55062516828.jpg|caption=Infantino in 2026|office=9th [[President of FIFA]]|term_start=26 February 2016|term_end=|predecessor=[[Sepp Blatter]]<br />[[Issa Hayatou]] {{small|(acting)}}|successor=|birth_name=Giovanni Vincenzo Infantino|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|1970|3|23}}<ref name=dob>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921061531/https://www.fifa.com/who-we-are/the-president/gianni-infantino|archivedate=2020-09-21|url=https://www.fifa.com/who-we-are/the-president/gianni-infantino|publisher=[[FIFA]]|website=fifa.com|title=Gianni Infantino|author=Anon|year=2020}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Brig-Glis|Brig]], Valais, Switzerland|death_date=|death_place=|awards={{ubl|[[Order of Friendship]]|[[Orders, decorations, and medals of Indonesia#Bintang Jasa (Star of Service)|Star of Service]]|[[Orders, decorations, and medals of Kosovo#Medals|Presidential Medal of Merit]]}}|spouse=Leena Al Ashqar|children=4|alma_mater=[[University of Fribourg]]|signature=Gianni Infantino autograph.svg|citizenship={{hlist|Switzerland|Italy|Lebanon{{efn|Infantino was granted Lebanese citizenship in February 2026.}}}}}}'''ຈິໂອວັນນີ "ຈຽນນີ" ວິນເຊນໂຊ ອິນຟານຕີໂນ''' (ເກີດ 23 ມີນາ 1970) ເປັນຜູ້ບໍລິຫານວົງການບານເຕະຊາວສະວິດ-ອີຕາລີ.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.org/about-uefa/news/newsid=942561.html|title=Gianni Infantino|website=[[UEFA]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150116221330/http://www.uefa.org/about-uefa/news/newsid%3D942561.html|date=8 January 2010|archive-date=16 January 2015|access-date=26 February 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> ລາວເປັນປະທານຂອງ[[ຟີຟ່າ]]ຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2016 ແລະ ເປັນສະມາຊິກຂອງ[[ຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກສາກົນ]] (IOC) ຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2020.<ref>{{cite web|title=IOC Session elects three new Members|url=https://www.olympic.org/news/ioc-session-elects-three-new-members|website=International Olympic Committee|access-date=10 January 2020|date=10 January 2020}}</ref> ຫຼັງຈາກໄດ້ຮັບເລືອກເປັນປະທານຟີຟ່າເປັນຄັ້ງທໍາອິດໃນວັນທີ 26 ກຸມພາ 2016 ອິນຟານຕີໂນ ໄດ້ຮັບການເລືອກຕັ້ງອີກຄັ້ງໃນວັນທີ 5 ມິຖຸນາ 2019 ແລະ ອີກຄັ້ງໃນວັນທີ 16 ມີນາ 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Who We Are – News – Gianni Infantino is re-elected as FIFA President until 2023|url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/who-we-are/news/gianni-infantino-is-re-elected-as-fifa-president-until-2023|access-date=5 June 2019|website=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> ສ່ວນການເຂົ້າເປັນສະມາຊິກຂອງຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກສາກົນ (IOC) ຂອງລາວ ໄດ້ມີຂຶ້ນໃນວັນທີ 10 ມັງກອນ 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Infantino joins IOC as member to end FIFA's five-year absence |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/sports/infantino-joins-ioc-as-member-to-end-fifas-five-year-absence-idUSKBN1Z91WA/ |work=reuters}}</ref><blockquote></blockquote><blockquote></blockquote> [[ຮູບ:Vladimir_Putin_(2018-06-13)_06.jpg|thumb|ອິນຟານຕີໂນຮ່ວມກັບປະທານາທິບໍດີຣັດເຊຍ [[ວະລາດີມີຣ໌ ປູຕິນ]] ໃນກອງປະຊຸມຟີຟ່າຄອງເກຣສຄັ້ງທີ 68 ເມື່ອວັນທີ 13 ມິຖຸນາ 2018.]] == ອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ຍັງມີຊີວິດຢູ່]] [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ເກີດໃນປີ ຄ.ສ. 1970]] o8eceqymee3c1lp6pioyywz2h5izygt 128362 128361 2026-06-19T03:43:00Z Randervik 18653 128362 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນ ຜູ້ດຳລົງຕຳແໜ່ງ|name=ຈານນີ ອິນຟານຕີໂນ|image=Gianni Infantino - 55062516828.jpg|caption=Infantino in 2026|office=9th [[President of FIFA]]|term_start=26 February 2016|term_end=|predecessor=[[Sepp Blatter]]<br />[[Issa Hayatou]] {{small|(acting)}}|successor=|birth_name=Giovanni Vincenzo Infantino|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|1970|3|23}}<ref name=dob>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921061531/https://www.fifa.com/who-we-are/the-president/gianni-infantino|archivedate=2020-09-21|url=https://www.fifa.com/who-we-are/the-president/gianni-infantino|publisher=[[FIFA]]|website=fifa.com|title=Gianni Infantino|author=Anon|year=2020}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Brig-Glis|Brig]], Valais, Switzerland|death_date=|death_place=|awards={{ubl|[[Order of Friendship]]|[[Orders, decorations, and medals of Indonesia#Bintang Jasa (Star of Service)|Star of Service]]|[[Orders, decorations, and medals of Kosovo#Medals|Presidential Medal of Merit]]}}|spouse=Leena Al Ashqar|children=4|alma_mater=[[University of Fribourg]]|signature=Gianni Infantino autograph.svg|citizenship={{hlist|Switzerland|Italy|Lebanon{{efn|Infantino was granted Lebanese citizenship in February 2026.}}}}}}'''ຈິໂອວັນນີ "ຈຽນນີ" ວິນເຊນໂຊ ອິນຟານຕີໂນ''' (ເກີດ 23 ມີນາ 1970) ເປັນຜູ້ບໍລິຫານວົງການບານເຕະຊາວສະວິດ-ອີຕາລີ.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.org/about-uefa/news/newsid=942561.html|title=Gianni Infantino|website=[[UEFA]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150116221330/http://www.uefa.org/about-uefa/news/newsid%3D942561.html|date=8 January 2010|archive-date=16 January 2015|access-date=26 February 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> ລາວເປັນປະທານຂອງ[[ຟີຟ່າ]]ຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2016 ແລະ ເປັນສະມາຊິກຂອງ[[ຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກສາກົນ]] (IOC) ຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2020.<ref>{{cite web|title=IOC Session elects three new Members|url=https://www.olympic.org/news/ioc-session-elects-three-new-members|website=International Olympic Committee|access-date=10 January 2020|date=10 January 2020}}</ref> ຫຼັງຈາກໄດ້ຮັບເລືອກເປັນປະທານຟີຟ່າເປັນຄັ້ງທໍາອິດໃນວັນທີ 26 ກຸມພາ 2016 ອິນຟານຕີໂນ ໄດ້ຮັບການເລືອກຕັ້ງອີກຄັ້ງໃນວັນທີ 5 ມິຖຸນາ 2019 ແລະ ອີກຄັ້ງໃນວັນທີ 16 ມີນາ 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Who We Are – News – Gianni Infantino is re-elected as FIFA President until 2023|url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/who-we-are/news/gianni-infantino-is-re-elected-as-fifa-president-until-2023|access-date=5 June 2019|website=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> ສ່ວນການເຂົ້າເປັນສະມາຊິກຂອງຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກສາກົນ (IOC) ຂອງລາວ ໄດ້ມີຂຶ້ນໃນວັນທີ 10 ມັງກອນ 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Infantino joins IOC as member to end FIFA's five-year absence |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/sports/infantino-joins-ioc-as-member-to-end-fifas-five-year-absence-idUSKBN1Z91WA/ |work=reuters}}</ref>[[ຮູບ:Vladimir_Putin_(2018-06-13)_06.jpg|thumb|ອິນຟານຕີໂນຮ່ວມກັບປະທານາທິບໍດີຣັດເຊຍ [[ວະລາດີມີຣ໌ ປູຕິນ]] ໃນກອງປະຊຸມຟີຟ່າຄອງເກຣສຄັ້ງທີ 68 ເມື່ອວັນທີ 13 ມິຖຸນາ 2018.]] == ອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ຍັງມີຊີວິດຢູ່]] [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ເກີດໃນປີ ຄ.ສ. 1970]] <references /> nfiwvn7t09f09dzbds59937m75h6347 128363 128362 2026-06-19T03:44:29Z Randervik 18653 128363 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນ ຜູ້ດຳລົງຕຳແໜ່ງ|name=ຈານນີ ອິນຟານຕີໂນ|image=Gianni Infantino - 55062516828.jpg|caption=ຈານນີ ອິນຟານຕີໂນໃນປີ 2026|office=ປະທານຟີຟ່າຄົນທີ 9|term_start=26 February 2016|term_end=|predecessor=[[Sepp Blatter]]<br />[[Issa Hayatou]] {{small|(acting)}}|successor=|birth_name=Giovanni Vincenzo Infantino|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|1970|3|23}}<ref name=dob>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921061531/https://www.fifa.com/who-we-are/the-president/gianni-infantino|archivedate=2020-09-21|url=https://www.fifa.com/who-we-are/the-president/gianni-infantino|publisher=[[FIFA]]|website=fifa.com|title=Gianni Infantino|author=Anon|year=2020}}</ref>|birth_place=[[Brig-Glis|Brig]], Valais, Switzerland|death_date=|death_place=|awards={{ubl|[[Order of Friendship]]|[[Orders, decorations, and medals of Indonesia#Bintang Jasa (Star of Service)|Star of Service]]|[[Orders, decorations, and medals of Kosovo#Medals|Presidential Medal of Merit]]}}|spouse=Leena Al Ashqar|children=4|alma_mater=[[University of Fribourg]]|signature=Gianni Infantino autograph.svg|citizenship={{hlist|Switzerland|Italy|Lebanon{{efn|Infantino was granted Lebanese citizenship in February 2026.}}}}}}'''ຈິໂອວັນນີ "ຈຽນນີ" ວິນເຊນໂຊ ອິນຟານຕີໂນ''' (ເກີດ 23 ມີນາ 1970) ເປັນຜູ້ບໍລິຫານວົງການບານເຕະຊາວສະວິດ-ອີຕາລີ.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.org/about-uefa/news/newsid=942561.html|title=Gianni Infantino|website=[[UEFA]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150116221330/http://www.uefa.org/about-uefa/news/newsid%3D942561.html|date=8 January 2010|archive-date=16 January 2015|access-date=26 February 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> ລາວເປັນປະທານຂອງ[[ຟີຟ່າ]]ຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2016 ແລະ ເປັນສະມາຊິກຂອງ[[ຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກສາກົນ]] (IOC) ຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2020.<ref>{{cite web|title=IOC Session elects three new Members|url=https://www.olympic.org/news/ioc-session-elects-three-new-members|website=International Olympic Committee|access-date=10 January 2020|date=10 January 2020}}</ref> ຫຼັງຈາກໄດ້ຮັບເລືອກເປັນປະທານຟີຟ່າເປັນຄັ້ງທໍາອິດໃນວັນທີ 26 ກຸມພາ 2016 ອິນຟານຕີໂນ ໄດ້ຮັບການເລືອກຕັ້ງອີກຄັ້ງໃນວັນທີ 5 ມິຖຸນາ 2019 ແລະ ອີກຄັ້ງໃນວັນທີ 16 ມີນາ 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Who We Are – News – Gianni Infantino is re-elected as FIFA President until 2023|url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/who-we-are/news/gianni-infantino-is-re-elected-as-fifa-president-until-2023|access-date=5 June 2019|website=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> ສ່ວນການເຂົ້າເປັນສະມາຊິກຂອງຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກສາກົນ (IOC) ຂອງລາວ ໄດ້ມີຂຶ້ນໃນວັນທີ 10 ມັງກອນ 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Infantino joins IOC as member to end FIFA's five-year absence |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/sports/infantino-joins-ioc-as-member-to-end-fifas-five-year-absence-idUSKBN1Z91WA/ |work=reuters}}</ref>[[ຮູບ:Vladimir_Putin_(2018-06-13)_06.jpg|thumb|ອິນຟານຕີໂນຮ່ວມກັບປະທານາທິບໍດີຣັດເຊຍ [[ວະລາດີມີຣ໌ ປູຕິນ]] ໃນກອງປະຊຸມຟີຟ່າຄອງເກຣສຄັ້ງທີ 68 ເມື່ອວັນທີ 13 ມິຖຸນາ 2018.]] == ອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ຍັງມີຊີວິດຢູ່]] [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ເກີດໃນປີ ຄ.ສ. 1970]] <references /> 2uvyjqzjl46258xxqq4yxbjvrwaaaw4 128364 128363 2026-06-19T03:49:27Z Randervik 18653 128364 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນ ຜູ້ດຳລົງຕຳແໜ່ງ|name=ຈານນີ ອິນຟານຕີໂນ|image=Gianni Infantino - 55062516828.jpg|caption=ຈານນີ ອິນຟານຕີໂນໃນປີ 2026|office=ປະທານຟີຟ່າຄົນທີ 9|term_start=26 February 2016|term_end=|predecessor=[[Sepp Blatter]]<br />[[Issa Hayatou]] {{small|(acting)}}|successor=|birth_name=Giovanni Vincenzo Infantino|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|1970|3|23}}<ref name=dob>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921061531/https://www.fifa.com/who-we-are/the-president/gianni-infantino|archivedate=2020-09-21|url=https://www.fifa.com/who-we-are/the-president/gianni-infantino|publisher=[[FIFA]]|website=fifa.com|title=Gianni Infantino|author=Anon|year=2020}}</ref>|birth_place=Brig-Glis, ລັດວາເລ, [[ປະເທດສະວິດ]]|death_date=|death_place=|awards={{ubl|[[Order of Friendship]]|[[Orders, decorations, and medals of Indonesia#Bintang Jasa (Star of Service)|Star of Service]]|[[Orders, decorations, and medals of Kosovo#Medals|Presidential Medal of Merit]]}}|spouse=Leena Al Ashqar|children=4|alma_mater=[[ມະຫາວິທະຍາໄລ Fribourg]]|signature=Gianni Infantino autograph.svg|citizenship={{hlist|ສະວິດ|ອີຕາລີ|ເລບານອນ{{efn|Infantino was granted Lebanese citizenship in February 2026.}}}}}}'''ຈິໂອວັນນີ "ຈຽນນີ" ວິນເຊນໂຊ ອິນຟານຕີໂນ''' (ເກີດ 23 ມີນາ 1970) ເປັນຜູ້ບໍລິຫານວົງການບານເຕະຊາວສະວິດ-ອີຕາລີ.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.org/about-uefa/news/newsid=942561.html|title=Gianni Infantino|website=[[UEFA]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150116221330/http://www.uefa.org/about-uefa/news/newsid%3D942561.html|date=8 January 2010|archive-date=16 January 2015|access-date=26 February 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> ລາວເປັນປະທານຂອງ[[ຟີຟ່າ]]ຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2016 ແລະ ເປັນສະມາຊິກຂອງ[[ຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກສາກົນ]] (IOC) ຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2020.<ref>{{cite web|title=IOC Session elects three new Members|url=https://www.olympic.org/news/ioc-session-elects-three-new-members|website=International Olympic Committee|access-date=10 January 2020|date=10 January 2020}}</ref> ຫຼັງຈາກໄດ້ຮັບເລືອກເປັນປະທານຟີຟ່າເປັນຄັ້ງທໍາອິດໃນວັນທີ 26 ກຸມພາ 2016 ອິນຟານຕີໂນ ໄດ້ຮັບການເລືອກຕັ້ງອີກຄັ້ງໃນວັນທີ 5 ມິຖຸນາ 2019 ແລະ ອີກຄັ້ງໃນວັນທີ 16 ມີນາ 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Who We Are – News – Gianni Infantino is re-elected as FIFA President until 2023|url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/who-we-are/news/gianni-infantino-is-re-elected-as-fifa-president-until-2023|access-date=5 June 2019|website=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> ສ່ວນການເຂົ້າເປັນສະມາຊິກຂອງຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກສາກົນ (IOC) ຂອງລາວ ໄດ້ມີຂຶ້ນໃນວັນທີ 10 ມັງກອນ 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Infantino joins IOC as member to end FIFA's five-year absence |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/sports/infantino-joins-ioc-as-member-to-end-fifas-five-year-absence-idUSKBN1Z91WA/ |work=reuters}}</ref>[[ຮູບ:Vladimir_Putin_(2018-06-13)_06.jpg|thumb|ອິນຟານຕີໂນຮ່ວມກັບປະທານາທິບໍດີຣັດເຊຍ [[ວະລາດີມີຣ໌ ປູຕິນ]] ໃນກອງປະຊຸມຟີຟ່າຄອງເກຣສຄັ້ງທີ 68 ເມື່ອວັນທີ 13 ມິຖຸນາ 2018.]] == ອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ຍັງມີຊີວິດຢູ່]] [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ເກີດໃນປີ ຄ.ສ. 1970]] <references /> 2akiefqko1q8l326ka1wm49ybhizix8 128365 128364 2026-06-19T03:50:49Z Randervik 18653 128365 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນ ຜູ້ດຳລົງຕຳແໜ່ງ|name=ຈານນີ ອິນຟານຕີໂນ|image=Gianni Infantino - 55062516828.jpg|caption=ຈານນີ ອິນຟານຕີໂນໃນປີ 2026|office=ປະທານຟີຟ່າຄົນທີ 9|term_start=26 February 2016|term_end=|predecessor=[[Sepp Blatter]]<br />[[Issa Hayatou]] {{small|(acting)}}|successor=|birth_name=Giovanni Vincenzo Infantino|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=y|1970|3|23}}<ref name=dob>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921061531/https://www.fifa.com/who-we-are/the-president/gianni-infantino|archivedate=2020-09-21|url=https://www.fifa.com/who-we-are/the-president/gianni-infantino|publisher=[[FIFA]]|website=fifa.com|title=Gianni Infantino|author=Anon|year=2020}}</ref>|birth_place=Brig-Glis, ລັດວາເລ, [[ປະເທດສະວິດ]]|death_date=|death_place=|awards={{ubl|[[Order of Friendship]]|[[Orders, decorations, and medals of Indonesia#Bintang Jasa (Star of Service)|Star of Service]]|[[Orders, decorations, and medals of Kosovo#Medals|Presidential Medal of Merit]]}}|spouse=Leena Al Ashqar|children=4|alma_mater=[[ມະຫາວິທະຍາໄລ Fribourg]]|signature=Gianni Infantino autograph.svg|citizenship={{hlist|ສະວິດ|ອີຕາລີ|ເລບານອນ{{efn|Infantino was granted Lebanese citizenship in February 2026.}}}}}}'''ຈິໂອວັນນີ "ຈຽນນີ" ວິນເຊນໂຊ ອິນຟານຕີໂນ''' ({{Langx|it|Giovanni "Gianni" Vincenzo Infantino}}; ເກີດ 23 ມີນາ 1970) ເປັນຜູ້ບໍລິຫານວົງການບານເຕະຊາວສະວິດ-ອີຕາລີ.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.uefa.org/about-uefa/news/newsid=942561.html|title=Gianni Infantino|website=[[UEFA]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150116221330/http://www.uefa.org/about-uefa/news/newsid%3D942561.html|date=8 January 2010|archive-date=16 January 2015|access-date=26 February 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> ລາວເປັນປະທານຂອງ[[ຟີຟ່າ]]ຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2016 ແລະ ເປັນສະມາຊິກຂອງ[[ຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກສາກົນ]] (IOC) ຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2020.<ref>{{cite web|title=IOC Session elects three new Members|url=https://www.olympic.org/news/ioc-session-elects-three-new-members|website=International Olympic Committee|access-date=10 January 2020|date=10 January 2020}}</ref> ຫຼັງຈາກໄດ້ຮັບເລືອກເປັນປະທານຟີຟ່າເປັນຄັ້ງທໍາອິດໃນວັນທີ 26 ກຸມພາ 2016 ອິນຟານຕີໂນ ໄດ້ຮັບການເລືອກຕັ້ງອີກຄັ້ງໃນວັນທີ 5 ມິຖຸນາ 2019 ແລະ ອີກຄັ້ງໃນວັນທີ 16 ມີນາ 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Who We Are – News – Gianni Infantino is re-elected as FIFA President until 2023|url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/who-we-are/news/gianni-infantino-is-re-elected-as-fifa-president-until-2023|access-date=5 June 2019|website=[[FIFA]]}}</ref> ສ່ວນການເຂົ້າເປັນສະມາຊິກຂອງຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກສາກົນ (IOC) ຂອງລາວ ໄດ້ມີຂຶ້ນໃນວັນທີ 10 ມັງກອນ 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Infantino joins IOC as member to end FIFA's five-year absence |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/sports/infantino-joins-ioc-as-member-to-end-fifas-five-year-absence-idUSKBN1Z91WA/ |work=reuters}}</ref>[[ຮູບ:Vladimir_Putin_(2018-06-13)_06.jpg|thumb|ອິນຟານຕີໂນຮ່ວມກັບປະທານາທິບໍດີຣັດເຊຍ [[ວະລາດີມີຣ໌ ປູຕິນ]] ໃນກອງປະຊຸມຟີຟ່າຄອງເກຣສຄັ້ງທີ 68 ເມື່ອວັນທີ 13 ມິຖຸນາ 2018.]] == ອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ຍັງມີຊີວິດຢູ່]] [[ໝວດ:ບຸກຄົນທີ່ເກີດໃນປີ ຄ.ສ. 1970]] <references /> k1dti4uv934ibrjsf59g7beypfhk85w 0 24960 128367 2026-06-19T04:03:17Z Randervik 18653 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1351523479|International Olympic Committee]]" 128367 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນ ອົງການ|name=International Olympic Committee|image=Siège CIO 2020 (1).jpg|caption=IOC headquarters in [[Lausanne]], Switzerland|abbreviation={{Native name|En|IOC}}, {{Native name|Fr|CIO}}|image_size=250|type=[[Sports governing body|Sports federation]] ([[Swiss association|association organised under the laws of the Swiss Confederation]])|formation={{Start date and age|1894|6|23|df=yes}}|native_name={{Native name|fr|Comité international olympique}}|native_name_lang=|logo=International Olympic Committee logo 2021.svg|headquarters=Olympic House,<br>[[Lausanne]], Switzerland|num_members=106 active members, 206 individual National Olympic Committees|leader_title=Honorary President|leader_name=[[Thomas Bach]]|leader_title2=[[President of the International Olympic Committee|President]]|leader_name2=[[Kirsty Coventry]]<ref name="olympic1">{{Cite web|url=https://olympics.com/ioc/executive-board|title=IOC Executive Board|publisher=International Olympic Committee|access-date=25 March 2025|archive-date=16 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116115218/https://olympics.com/ioc/executive-board|url-status=live}}</ref>|leader_title3=Vice Presidents|leader_title4=Director General|leader_name4=[[Christophe De Kepper]]|leader_name3=[[Nawal El Moutawakel]]<br />[[Gerardo Werthein]]<br />[[Pierre-Olivier Beckers-Vieujant]]<br />[[Juan Antonio Samaranch Salisachs|Juan Antonio Samaranch]]<ref name="olympic1"/>|language=[[French language|French]] (reference language), [[English language|English]], and the host country's language when necessary|website={{Official URL}}|footnotes='''Anthem:''' [[Olympic Anthem]]<br />'''Motto:''' ''[[Citius, Altius, Fortius (Olympic motto)|Citius, Altius, Fortius – Communiter]]''<br />([[Latin]]: Faster, Higher, Stronger – Together)}}<blockquote>'''ຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກສາກົນ''' (International Olympic Committee; IOC) ເປັນອົງການກໍາກັບດູແລກິລາລະດັບສາກົນທີ່ບໍ່ຂຶ້ນກັບລັດ ແລະ ເປັນອົງການສູງສຸດຂອງການແຂ່ງຂັນໂອລິມປິກສະໄໝໃໝ່. ອົງການນີ້ກໍ່ຕັ້ງຂຶ້ນໃນປີ 1894 ໂດຍ Pierre de Coubertin ແລະ Demetrios Vikelas ແລະ ມີສໍານັກງານໃຫຍ່ຢູ່[[ໂລຊານ]], [[ປະເທດສະວິດ]]. IOC ເປັນອົງການທີ່ຮັບຜິດຊອບໃນການຈັດການແຂ່ງຂັນໂອລິມປິກລະດູຮ້ອນ, ໂອລິມປິກລະດູໜາວ ແລະ ໂອລິມປິກເຢົາວະຊົນ.<ref>Roger Bartlett, Chris Gratton, Christer G. Rolf ''Encyclopedia of International Sports Studies''.</ref></blockquote><blockquote>IOC ຍັງເປັນອົງການກໍາກັບດູແລຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກແຫ່ງຊາດ (NOC) ແລະ ຂະບວນການໂອລິມປິກທົ່ວໂລກ ຊຶ່ງລວມເຖິງອົງກອນ ແລະ ບຸກຄົນທຸກຝ່າຍທີ່ມີສ່ວນກ່ຽວຂ້ອງກັບການແຂ່ງຂັນໂອລິມປິກ. ນັບເຖິງປີ 2020 ມີ NOC ຈໍານວນ 206 ແຫ່ງທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບການຮັບຮອງຢ່າງເປັນທາງການຈາກ IOC. ຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2025 ເປັນຕົ້ນມາ ປະທານ IOC ແມ່ນ Kirsty Coventry.<ref>{{Cite web|last=@FILuge|title=Getting to know IOC President-elect Kirsty Coventry|url=https://www.fil-luge.org/en/news/getting-to-know-ioc-president-elect-kirsty-coventry|access-date=2026-04-18|website=conTRANCE|language=en}}</ref></blockquote> koagbxwf5efynfv4f6uuwex6r995m8t 128368 128367 2026-06-19T04:03:56Z Randervik 18653 128368 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນ ອົງການ|name=International Olympic Committee|image=Siège CIO 2020 (1).jpg|caption=IOC headquarters in [[Lausanne]], Switzerland|abbreviation={{Native name|En|IOC}}, {{Native name|Fr|CIO}}|image_size=250|type=[[Sports governing body|Sports federation]] ([[Swiss association|association organised under the laws of the Swiss Confederation]])|formation={{Start date and age|1894|6|23|df=yes}}|native_name={{Native name|fr|Comité international olympique}}|native_name_lang=|logo=International Olympic Committee logo 2021.svg|headquarters=Olympic House,<br>[[Lausanne]], Switzerland|num_members=106 active members, 206 individual National Olympic Committees|leader_title=Honorary President|leader_name=[[Thomas Bach]]|leader_title2=[[President of the International Olympic Committee|President]]|leader_name2=[[Kirsty Coventry]]<ref name="olympic1">{{Cite web|url=https://olympics.com/ioc/executive-board|title=IOC Executive Board|publisher=International Olympic Committee|access-date=25 March 2025|archive-date=16 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116115218/https://olympics.com/ioc/executive-board|url-status=live}}</ref>|leader_title3=Vice Presidents|leader_title4=Director General|leader_name4=[[Christophe De Kepper]]|leader_name3=[[Nawal El Moutawakel]]<br />[[Gerardo Werthein]]<br />[[Pierre-Olivier Beckers-Vieujant]]<br />[[Juan Antonio Samaranch Salisachs|Juan Antonio Samaranch]]<ref name="olympic1"/>|language=[[French language|French]] (reference language), [[English language|English]], and the host country's language when necessary|website={{Official URL}}|footnotes='''Anthem:''' [[Olympic Anthem]]<br />'''Motto:''' ''[[Citius, Altius, Fortius (Olympic motto)|Citius, Altius, Fortius – Communiter]]''<br />([[Latin]]: Faster, Higher, Stronger – Together)}}'''ຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກສາກົນ''' (International Olympic Committee; IOC) ເປັນອົງການກໍາກັບດູແລກິລາລະດັບສາກົນທີ່ບໍ່ຂຶ້ນກັບລັດ ແລະ ເປັນອົງການສູງສຸດຂອງການແຂ່ງຂັນໂອລິມປິກສະໄໝໃໝ່. ອົງການນີ້ກໍ່ຕັ້ງຂຶ້ນໃນປີ 1894 ໂດຍ Pierre de Coubertin ແລະ Demetrios Vikelas ແລະ ມີສໍານັກງານໃຫຍ່ຢູ່[[ໂລຊານ]], [[ປະເທດສະວິດ]]. IOC ເປັນອົງການທີ່ຮັບຜິດຊອບໃນການຈັດການແຂ່ງຂັນໂອລິມປິກລະດູຮ້ອນ, ໂອລິມປິກລະດູໜາວ ແລະ ໂອລິມປິກເຢົາວະຊົນ.<ref>Roger Bartlett, Chris Gratton, Christer G. Rolf ''Encyclopedia of International Sports Studies''.</ref> IOC ຍັງເປັນອົງການກໍາກັບດູແລຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກແຫ່ງຊາດ (NOC) ແລະ ຂະບວນການໂອລິມປິກທົ່ວໂລກ ຊຶ່ງລວມເຖິງອົງກອນ ແລະ ບຸກຄົນທຸກຝ່າຍທີ່ມີສ່ວນກ່ຽວຂ້ອງກັບການແຂ່ງຂັນໂອລິມປິກ. ນັບເຖິງປີ 2020 ມີ NOC ຈໍານວນ 206 ແຫ່ງທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບການຮັບຮອງຢ່າງເປັນທາງການຈາກ IOC. ຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2025 ເປັນຕົ້ນມາ ປະທານ IOC ແມ່ນ Kirsty Coventry.<ref>{{Cite web|last=@FILuge|title=Getting to know IOC President-elect Kirsty Coventry|url=https://www.fil-luge.org/en/news/getting-to-know-ioc-president-elect-kirsty-coventry|access-date=2026-04-18|website=conTRANCE|language=en}}</ref> == ອ້າງອີງ == 6pa8flj4dtxv68ubbviu4uf31lxlved 128369 128368 2026-06-19T04:04:33Z Randervik 18653 128369 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນ ອົງການ|name=ຄະນະ​ກຳມະການ​ໂອ​ລິ​ມປິກ​ສາກົນ|image=Siège CIO 2020 (1).jpg|caption=IOC headquarters in [[Lausanne]], Switzerland|abbreviation={{Native name|En|IOC}}, {{Native name|Fr|CIO}}|image_size=250|type=[[Sports governing body|Sports federation]] ([[Swiss association|association organised under the laws of the Swiss Confederation]])|formation={{Start date and age|1894|6|23|df=yes}}|native_name={{Native name|fr|Comité international olympique}}|native_name_lang=|logo=International Olympic Committee logo 2021.svg|headquarters=Olympic House,<br>[[Lausanne]], Switzerland|num_members=106 active members, 206 individual National Olympic Committees|leader_title=Honorary President|leader_name=[[Thomas Bach]]|leader_title2=[[President of the International Olympic Committee|President]]|leader_name2=[[Kirsty Coventry]]<ref name="olympic1">{{Cite web|url=https://olympics.com/ioc/executive-board|title=IOC Executive Board|publisher=International Olympic Committee|access-date=25 March 2025|archive-date=16 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116115218/https://olympics.com/ioc/executive-board|url-status=live}}</ref>|leader_title3=Vice Presidents|leader_title4=Director General|leader_name4=[[Christophe De Kepper]]|leader_name3=[[Nawal El Moutawakel]]<br />[[Gerardo Werthein]]<br />[[Pierre-Olivier Beckers-Vieujant]]<br />[[Juan Antonio Samaranch Salisachs|Juan Antonio Samaranch]]<ref name="olympic1"/>|language=[[French language|French]] (reference language), [[English language|English]], and the host country's language when necessary|website={{Official URL}}|footnotes='''Anthem:''' [[Olympic Anthem]]<br />'''Motto:''' ''[[Citius, Altius, Fortius (Olympic motto)|Citius, Altius, Fortius – Communiter]]''<br />([[Latin]]: Faster, Higher, Stronger – Together)}}'''ຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກສາກົນ''' ({{Langx|en|International Olympic Committee}}; '''IOC''') ເປັນອົງການກໍາກັບດູແລກິລາລະດັບສາກົນທີ່ບໍ່ຂຶ້ນກັບລັດ ແລະ ເປັນອົງການສູງສຸດຂອງການແຂ່ງຂັນໂອລິມປິກສະໄໝໃໝ່. ອົງການນີ້ກໍ່ຕັ້ງຂຶ້ນໃນປີ 1894 ໂດຍ Pierre de Coubertin ແລະ Demetrios Vikelas ແລະ ມີສໍານັກງານໃຫຍ່ຢູ່[[ໂລຊານ]], [[ປະເທດສະວິດ]]. IOC ເປັນອົງການທີ່ຮັບຜິດຊອບໃນການຈັດການແຂ່ງຂັນໂອລິມປິກລະດູຮ້ອນ, ໂອລິມປິກລະດູໜາວ ແລະ ໂອລິມປິກເຢົາວະຊົນ.<ref>Roger Bartlett, Chris Gratton, Christer G. Rolf ''Encyclopedia of International Sports Studies''.</ref> IOC ຍັງເປັນອົງການກໍາກັບດູແລຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກແຫ່ງຊາດ (NOC) ແລະ ຂະບວນການໂອລິມປິກທົ່ວໂລກ ຊຶ່ງລວມເຖິງອົງກອນ ແລະ ບຸກຄົນທຸກຝ່າຍທີ່ມີສ່ວນກ່ຽວຂ້ອງກັບການແຂ່ງຂັນໂອລິມປິກ. ນັບເຖິງປີ 2020 ມີ NOC ຈໍານວນ 206 ແຫ່ງທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບການຮັບຮອງຢ່າງເປັນທາງການຈາກ IOC. ຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2025 ເປັນຕົ້ນມາ ປະທານ IOC ແມ່ນ Kirsty Coventry.<ref>{{Cite web|last=@FILuge|title=Getting to know IOC President-elect Kirsty Coventry|url=https://www.fil-luge.org/en/news/getting-to-know-ioc-president-elect-kirsty-coventry|access-date=2026-04-18|website=conTRANCE|language=en}}</ref> == ອ້າງອີງ == fxf0zt2bz2qynaeurxvz0bvwhz794kd 128370 128369 2026-06-19T04:09:02Z Randervik 18653 128370 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນ ອົງການ|name=ຄະນະ​ກຳມະການ​ໂອ​ລິ​ມປິກ​ສາກົນ|image=Siège CIO 2020 (1).jpg|caption=ສໍານັກງານໃຫຍ່ຂອງ IOC ຢູ່ໃນໂລຊານ, ປະເທດສະວິດ|abbreviation={{Native name|En|IOC}}, {{Native name|Fr|CIO}}|image_size=250|type=ສະຫະພັນກິລາ (ສະມາຄົມທີ່ຈັດຕັ້ງຕາມກົດໝາຍຂອງສະຫະພັນສະວິດ)|formation={{Start date and age|1894|6|23|df=yes}}|native_name={{Native name|fr|Comité international olympique}}|native_name_lang=|logo=International Olympic Committee logo 2021.svg|headquarters=Olympic House,<br>[[ໂລຊານ]], ປະເທດສະວິດ|num_members=ສະມາຊິກປະຈໍາ 106 ຄົນ, ຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກແຫ່ງຊາດ 206 ແຫ່ງ|leader_title=Honorary President|leader_name=[[Thomas Bach]]|leader_title2=[[ປະທານຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກສາກົນ|ປະທານ]]|leader_name2=[[Kirsty Coventry]]<ref name="olympic1">{{Cite web|url=https://olympics.com/ioc/executive-board|title=IOC Executive Board|publisher=International Olympic Committee|access-date=25 March 2025|archive-date=16 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116115218/https://olympics.com/ioc/executive-board|url-status=live}}</ref>|leader_title3=ຮອງປະທານ|leader_title4=ຜູ້ອໍານວຍການໃຫຍ່|leader_name4=[[Christophe De Kepper]]|leader_name3=[[Nawal El Moutawakel]]<br />[[Gerardo Werthein]]<br />[[Pierre-Olivier Beckers-Vieujant]]<br />[[Juan Antonio Samaranch Salisachs|Juan Antonio Samaranch]]<ref name="olympic1"/>|language=ພາສາຝຣັ່ງ (ພາສາອ້າງອີງ), ພາສາອັງກິດ ແລະ ພາສາຂອງປະເທດເຈົ້າພາບເມື່ອຈໍາເປັນ|website={{Official URL}}|footnotes='''ເພງປະຈໍາອົງກອນ:''' [[Olympic Anthem]]<br />'''ຄໍາຂວັນ:''' ''[[Citius, Altius, Fortius (Olympic motto)|Citius, Altius, Fortius – Communiter]]''<br />([[Latin]]: Faster, Higher, Stronger – Together)}}'''ຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກສາກົນ''' ({{Langx|en|International Olympic Committee}}; '''IOC''') ເປັນອົງການກໍາກັບດູແລກິລາລະດັບສາກົນທີ່ບໍ່ຂຶ້ນກັບລັດ ແລະ ເປັນອົງການສູງສຸດຂອງການແຂ່ງຂັນໂອລິມປິກສະໄໝໃໝ່. ອົງການນີ້ກໍ່ຕັ້ງຂຶ້ນໃນປີ 1894 ໂດຍ Pierre de Coubertin ແລະ Demetrios Vikelas ແລະ ມີສໍານັກງານໃຫຍ່ຢູ່[[ໂລຊານ]], [[ປະເທດສະວິດ]]. IOC ເປັນອົງການທີ່ຮັບຜິດຊອບໃນການຈັດການແຂ່ງຂັນໂອລິມປິກລະດູຮ້ອນ, ໂອລິມປິກລະດູໜາວ ແລະ ໂອລິມປິກເຢົາວະຊົນ.<ref>Roger Bartlett, Chris Gratton, Christer G. Rolf ''Encyclopedia of International Sports Studies''.</ref> IOC ຍັງເປັນອົງການກໍາກັບດູແລຄະນະກໍາມະການໂອລິມປິກແຫ່ງຊາດ (NOC) ແລະ ຂະບວນການໂອລິມປິກທົ່ວໂລກ ຊຶ່ງລວມເຖິງອົງກອນ ແລະ ບຸກຄົນທຸກຝ່າຍທີ່ມີສ່ວນກ່ຽວຂ້ອງກັບການແຂ່ງຂັນໂອລິມປິກ. ນັບເຖິງປີ 2020 ມີ NOC ຈໍານວນ 206 ແຫ່ງທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບການຮັບຮອງຢ່າງເປັນທາງການຈາກ IOC. ຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2025 ເປັນຕົ້ນມາ ປະທານ IOC ແມ່ນ Kirsty Coventry.<ref>{{Cite web|last=@FILuge|title=Getting to know IOC President-elect Kirsty Coventry|url=https://www.fil-luge.org/en/news/getting-to-know-ioc-president-elect-kirsty-coventry|access-date=2026-04-18|website=conTRANCE|language=en}}</ref> == ອ້າງອີງ == hdsjvzr8kt142ei84tjcujf6swqd1u0 0 24961 128372 2026-06-19T04:21:59Z Randervik 18653 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1358826471|Electrocardiography]]" 128372 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" |- class="mw-file-element mw-file-upright" data-file-height="512" data-file-type="drawing" data-file-width="512" decoding="async" height="250" resource="./File:SinusRhythmLabels.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/SinusRhythmLabels.svg/250px-SinusRhythmLabels.svg.png" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/SinusRhythmLabels.svg/500px-SinusRhythmLabels.svg.png 2x" style="--mw-file-upright: 1" width="250" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: lightblue; color:inherit;" |ການກວດຫົວໃຈດ້ວຍໄຟຟ້າ |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:SinusRhythmLabels.svg|frameless]]<div class="infobox-caption"> ECG Lead II ຂອງຫົວໃຈໃນ [[Sinus rhythm|ຈັງຫວະ sinus]] ປົກກະຕິ</div> |- class="infobox-data" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[ICD-10 Procedure Coding System|ICD-10-ຊິ້ນ]] | class="infobox-data" | 94.31 ຣູປີ |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[ICD-9-CM Volume 3|ICD-9-CM]] | class="infobox-data" | 89.52 |- class="infobox-full-data" colspan="2" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[Medical Subject Headings|MeSH]] | class="infobox-data" | <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D004562 D004562]</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[MedlinePlus]] | class="infobox-data" | <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003868.htm 003868]</span> |- class="noprint" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<div style="text-align: right;"> &#x5B; [[d:Q79785|ແກ້ໄຂໃນ Wikidata]] ]</div> |} '''ການບັນທຶກຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ''' (Electrocardiography) ແມ່ນຂະບວນການໃຊ້ເຄື່ອງບັນທຶກຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (electrocardiograph) ເພື່ອສ້າງຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (electrocardiogram ຫຼື ECG/EKG) ຊຶ່ງສະແດງເປັນເສັ້ນກຣາຟຂອງກິດຈະກໍາທາງໄຟຟ້າຂອງຫົວໃຈໃນແຕ່ລະຮອບການເຕັ້ນຂອງຫົວໃຈ.<ref name="Kumar2020">{{cite book|last1=Bunce|first1=Nicholas H.|last2=Ray|first2=Robin|last3=Patel|first3=Hitesh|editor1-last=Feather|editor1-first=Adam|editor2-last=Randall|editor2-first=David|editor3-last=Waterhouse|editor3-first=Mona|title=Kumar and Clark's Clinical Medicine|date=2020|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-7020-7870-5|pages=1033–1038|edition=10th|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sl3sDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1033|language=en|chapter=30. Cardiology}}</ref> ຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈເປັນການບັນທຶກກິດຈະກໍາທາງໄຟຟ້າຂອງຫົວໃຈ ໃນຮູບແບບກຣາຟທີ່ສະແດງຄວາມຕ່າງສັກຍະໄຟຟ້າຕາມເວລາ.<ref name="Lilly 2016">{{Cite book|last=Lilly|first=Leonard S.|title=Pathophysiology of Heart Disease: A Collaborative Project of Medical Students and Faculty, 6th Edition|date=2016|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=978-1-4698-9758-5|pages=70–78|language=English|oclc=1229852550}}</ref> ການກວດນີ້ໃຊ້ຂົ້ວໄຟຟ້າ (electrodes) ທີ່ຕິດໄວ້ເທິງຜິວໜັງ ເພື່ອກວດຈັບການປ່ຽນແປງທາງໄຟຟ້າຂະໜາດນ້ອຍ ທີ່ເກີດຂຶ້ນຈາກການດີໂພລາໄຣເຊຊັນ (depolarization) ແລະ ການຣີໂພລາໄຣເຊຊັນ (repolarization) ຂອງກ້າມເນື້ອຫົວໃຈໃນແຕ່ລະຮອບການເຕັ້ນຂອງຫົວໃຈ. ການປ່ຽນແປງຈາກຮູບແບບຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (ECG) ປົກກະຕິ ສາມາດພົບໄດ້ໃນຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງຫົວໃຈຫຼາຍປະການ ລວມທັງ: * '''ຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງຈັງຫວະຫົວໃຈ''' ເຊັ່ນ ພາວະຫົວໃຈຫ້ອງເທິງເຕັ້ນພິ້ວ (atrial fibrillation)<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lyakhov|first1=Pavel|last2=Kiladze|first2=Mariya|last3=Lyakhova|first3=Ulyana|date=January 2021|title=System for Neural Network Determination of Atrial Fibrillation on ECG Signals with Wavelet-Based Preprocessing|journal=Applied Sciences|language=en|volume=11|issue=16|page=7213|doi=10.3390/app11167213|doi-access=free}}</ref> ແລະ ພາວະຫົວໃຈຫ້ອງລຸ່ມເຕັ້ນໄວ (ventricular tachycardia)<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lyakhov|first1=Pavel|last2=Kiladze|first2=Mariya|last3=Lyakhova|first3=Ulyana|date=January 2021|title=System for Neural Network Determination of Atrial Fibrillation on ECG Signals with Wavelet-Based Preprocessing|journal=Applied Sciences|language=en|volume=11|issue=16|page=7213|doi=10.3390/app11167213|doi-access=free}}</ref> * '''ການໄຫຼວຽນຂອງເລືອດໃນຫຼອດເລືອດໂຄໂຣນາຣີບໍ່ພຽງພໍ''' ເຊັ່ນ ພາວະກ້າມເນື້ອຫົວໃຈຂາດເລືອດ (myocardial ischemia)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bigler|first1=Marius Reto|last2=Zimmermann|first2=Patrick|last3=Papadis|first3=Athanasios|last4=Seiler|first4=Christian|title=Accuracy of intracoronary ECG parameters for myocardial ischemia detection|journal=Journal of Electrocardiology|date=January 2021|volume=64|pages=50–57|doi=10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2020.11.018|pmid=33316551|doi-access=free}}</ref> ແລະ ພາວະກ້າມເນື້ອຫົວໃຈຕາຍ (myocardial infarction)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Prabhakararao|first1=Eedara|last2=Dandapat|first2=Samarendra|title=Myocardial Infarction Severity Stages Classification From ECG Signals Using Attentional Recurrent Neural Network|journal=IEEE Sensors Journal|date=1 August 2020|volume=20|issue=15|pages=8711–8720|doi=10.1109/JSEN.2020.2984493|bibcode=2020ISenJ..20.8711P}}</ref> * '''ຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງສານເກືອແຮ່ໃນຮ່າງກາຍ''' ເຊັ່ນ ພາວະໂພແທສຊຽມໃນເລືອດຕໍ່າ (hypokalemia)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Carrizales-Sepúlveda|first1=Edgar Francisco|last2=Vera-Pineda|first2=Raymundo|last3=Jiménez-Castillo|first3=Raúl Alberto|last4=Treviño-García|first4=Karla Belén|last5=Ordaz-Farías|first5=Alejandro|title=Toluene toxicity presenting with hypokalemia, profound weakness and U waves in the electrocardiogram|journal=The American Journal of Emergency Medicine|date=November 2019|volume=37|issue=11|pages=2120.e1–2120.e3|doi=10.1016/j.ajem.2019.158417|pmid=31477355}}</ref> ຕາມຄວາມເຂົ້າໃຈແບບດັ້ງເດີມ, "ECG" ໝາຍເຖິງການກວດຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈແບບ 12 ລີດ (12-lead ECG) ທີ່ບັນທຶກໃນຂະນະທີ່ຜູ້ປ່ວຍນອນຮາບ ດັ່ງທີ່ຈະອະທິບາຍໄວ້ຂ້າງລຸ່ມ. ຢ່າງໃດກໍຕາມ ຍັງມີອຸປະກອນອື່ນໆທີ່ສາມາດບັນທຶກກິດຈະກໍາທາງໄຟຟ້າຂອງຫົວໃຈໄດ້ ເຊັ່ນ ໂຮນເຕີມອນິເຕີ (Holter monitor) ຫຼື ນາລິກາອັດສະລິຍະບາງຮຸ່ນ. ສັນຍານ ECG ຍັງສາມາດຖືກບັນທຶກໄດ້ໃນສະພາບການອື່ນໆ ໂດຍອາໄສອຸປະກອນຊະນິດອື່ນອີກດ້ວຍ. rzis57kdinc0kzqa9gpzxirmwdgg9tk 128373 128372 2026-06-19T04:22:28Z Randervik 18653 128373 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" |- class="mw-file-element mw-file-upright" data-file-height="512" data-file-type="drawing" data-file-width="512" decoding="async" height="250" resource="./File:SinusRhythmLabels.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/SinusRhythmLabels.svg/250px-SinusRhythmLabels.svg.png" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/SinusRhythmLabels.svg/500px-SinusRhythmLabels.svg.png 2x" style="--mw-file-upright: 1" width="250" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: lightblue; color:inherit;" |ການກວດຫົວໃຈດ້ວຍໄຟຟ້າ |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:SinusRhythmLabels.svg|frameless]]<div class="infobox-caption"> ECG Lead II ຂອງຫົວໃຈໃນ [[Sinus rhythm|ຈັງຫວະ sinus]] ປົກກະຕິ</div> |- class="infobox-data" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[ICD-10 Procedure Coding System|ICD-10-ຊິ້ນ]] | class="infobox-data" | 94.31 ຣູປີ |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[ICD-9-CM Volume 3|ICD-9-CM]] | class="infobox-data" | 89.52 |- class="infobox-full-data" colspan="2" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[Medical Subject Headings|MeSH]] | class="infobox-data" | <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D004562 D004562]</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[MedlinePlus]] | class="infobox-data" | <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003868.htm 003868]</span> |- class="noprint" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<div style="text-align: right;"> &#x5B; [[d:Q79785|ແກ້ໄຂໃນ Wikidata]] ]</div> |} '''ການບັນທຶກຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ''' (Electrocardiography) ແມ່ນຂະບວນການໃຊ້ເຄື່ອງບັນທຶກຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (electrocardiograph) ເພື່ອສ້າງຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (electrocardiogram ຫຼື ECG/EKG) ຊຶ່ງສະແດງເປັນເສັ້ນກຣາຟຂອງກິດຈະກໍາທາງໄຟຟ້າຂອງຫົວໃຈໃນແຕ່ລະຮອບການເຕັ້ນຂອງຫົວໃຈ.<ref name="Kumar2020">{{cite book|last1=Bunce|first1=Nicholas H.|last2=Ray|first2=Robin|last3=Patel|first3=Hitesh|editor1-last=Feather|editor1-first=Adam|editor2-last=Randall|editor2-first=David|editor3-last=Waterhouse|editor3-first=Mona|title=Kumar and Clark's Clinical Medicine|date=2020|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-7020-7870-5|pages=1033–1038|edition=10th|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sl3sDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1033|language=en|chapter=30. Cardiology}}</ref> ຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈເປັນການບັນທຶກກິດຈະກໍາທາງໄຟຟ້າຂອງຫົວໃຈ ໃນຮູບແບບກຣາຟທີ່ສະແດງຄວາມຕ່າງສັກຍະໄຟຟ້າຕາມເວລາ.<ref name="Lilly 2016">{{Cite book|last=Lilly|first=Leonard S.|title=Pathophysiology of Heart Disease: A Collaborative Project of Medical Students and Faculty, 6th Edition|date=2016|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=978-1-4698-9758-5|pages=70–78|language=English|oclc=1229852550}}</ref> ການກວດນີ້ໃຊ້ຂົ້ວໄຟຟ້າ (electrodes) ທີ່ຕິດໄວ້ເທິງຜິວໜັງ ເພື່ອກວດຈັບການປ່ຽນແປງທາງໄຟຟ້າຂະໜາດນ້ອຍ ທີ່ເກີດຂຶ້ນຈາກການດີໂພລາໄຣເຊຊັນ (depolarization) ແລະ ການຣີໂພລາໄຣເຊຊັນ (repolarization) ຂອງກ້າມເນື້ອຫົວໃຈໃນແຕ່ລະຮອບການເຕັ້ນຂອງຫົວໃຈ. ການປ່ຽນແປງຈາກຮູບແບບຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (ECG) ປົກກະຕິ ສາມາດພົບໄດ້ໃນຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງຫົວໃຈຫຼາຍປະການ ລວມທັງ: * '''ຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງຈັງຫວະຫົວໃຈ''' ເຊັ່ນ ພາວະຫົວໃຈຫ້ອງເທິງເຕັ້ນພິ້ວ (atrial fibrillation)<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lyakhov|first1=Pavel|last2=Kiladze|first2=Mariya|last3=Lyakhova|first3=Ulyana|date=January 2021|title=System for Neural Network Determination of Atrial Fibrillation on ECG Signals with Wavelet-Based Preprocessing|journal=Applied Sciences|language=en|volume=11|issue=16|page=7213|doi=10.3390/app11167213|doi-access=free}}</ref> ແລະ ພາວະຫົວໃຈຫ້ອງລຸ່ມເຕັ້ນໄວ (ventricular tachycardia)<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lyakhov|first1=Pavel|last2=Kiladze|first2=Mariya|last3=Lyakhova|first3=Ulyana|date=January 2021|title=System for Neural Network Determination of Atrial Fibrillation on ECG Signals with Wavelet-Based Preprocessing|journal=Applied Sciences|language=en|volume=11|issue=16|page=7213|doi=10.3390/app11167213|doi-access=free}}</ref> * '''ການໄຫຼວຽນຂອງເລືອດໃນຫຼອດເລືອດໂຄໂຣນາຣີບໍ່ພຽງພໍ''' ເຊັ່ນ ພາວະກ້າມເນື້ອຫົວໃຈຂາດເລືອດ (myocardial ischemia)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bigler|first1=Marius Reto|last2=Zimmermann|first2=Patrick|last3=Papadis|first3=Athanasios|last4=Seiler|first4=Christian|title=Accuracy of intracoronary ECG parameters for myocardial ischemia detection|journal=Journal of Electrocardiology|date=January 2021|volume=64|pages=50–57|doi=10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2020.11.018|pmid=33316551|doi-access=free}}</ref> ແລະ ພາວະກ້າມເນື້ອຫົວໃຈຕາຍ (myocardial infarction)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Prabhakararao|first1=Eedara|last2=Dandapat|first2=Samarendra|title=Myocardial Infarction Severity Stages Classification From ECG Signals Using Attentional Recurrent Neural Network|journal=IEEE Sensors Journal|date=1 August 2020|volume=20|issue=15|pages=8711–8720|doi=10.1109/JSEN.2020.2984493|bibcode=2020ISenJ..20.8711P}}</ref> * '''ຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງສານເກືອແຮ່ໃນຮ່າງກາຍ''' ເຊັ່ນ ພາວະໂພແທສຊຽມໃນເລືອດຕໍ່າ (hypokalemia)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Carrizales-Sepúlveda|first1=Edgar Francisco|last2=Vera-Pineda|first2=Raymundo|last3=Jiménez-Castillo|first3=Raúl Alberto|last4=Treviño-García|first4=Karla Belén|last5=Ordaz-Farías|first5=Alejandro|title=Toluene toxicity presenting with hypokalemia, profound weakness and U waves in the electrocardiogram|journal=The American Journal of Emergency Medicine|date=November 2019|volume=37|issue=11|pages=2120.e1–2120.e3|doi=10.1016/j.ajem.2019.158417|pmid=31477355}}</ref> ຕາມຄວາມເຂົ້າໃຈແບບດັ້ງເດີມ, "ECG" ໝາຍເຖິງການກວດຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈແບບ 12 ລີດ (12-lead ECG) ທີ່ບັນທຶກໃນຂະນະທີ່ຜູ້ປ່ວຍນອນຮາບ ດັ່ງທີ່ຈະອະທິບາຍໄວ້ຂ້າງລຸ່ມ. ຢ່າງໃດກໍຕາມ ຍັງມີອຸປະກອນອື່ນໆທີ່ສາມາດບັນທຶກກິດຈະກໍາທາງໄຟຟ້າຂອງຫົວໃຈໄດ້ ເຊັ່ນ ໂຮນເຕີມອນິເຕີ (Holter monitor) ຫຼື ນາລິກາອັດສະລິຍະບາງຮຸ່ນ. ສັນຍານ ECG ຍັງສາມາດຖືກບັນທຶກໄດ້ໃນສະພາບການອື່ນໆ ໂດຍອາໄສອຸປະກອນຊະນິດອື່ນອີກດ້ວຍ. == ອ້າງອີງ == env0qzd7msbvznsgxnn8y69lumn3rmr 128374 128373 2026-06-19T04:23:41Z Randervik 18653 128374 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" |- class="mw-file-element mw-file-upright" data-file-height="512" data-file-type="drawing" data-file-width="512" decoding="async" height="250" resource="./File:SinusRhythmLabels.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/SinusRhythmLabels.svg/250px-SinusRhythmLabels.svg.png" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/SinusRhythmLabels.svg/500px-SinusRhythmLabels.svg.png 2x" style="--mw-file-upright: 1" width="250" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: lightblue; color:inherit;" |ການກວດຫົວໃຈດ້ວຍໄຟຟ້າ |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:SinusRhythmLabels.svg|frameless]]<div class="infobox-caption"> ຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (ECG) ໃນລີດ II ຂອງຫົວໃຈທີ່ມີຈັງຫວະໄຊນັສປົກກະຕິ</div> |- class="infobox-data" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[ICD-10 Procedure Coding System|ICD-10-ຊິ້ນ]] | class="infobox-data" | 94.31 ຣູປີ |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[ICD-9-CM Volume 3|ICD-9-CM]] | class="infobox-data" | 89.52 |- class="infobox-full-data" colspan="2" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[Medical Subject Headings|MeSH]] | class="infobox-data" | <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D004562 D004562]</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[MedlinePlus]] | class="infobox-data" | <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003868.htm 003868]</span> |- class="noprint" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<div style="text-align: right;"> &#x5B; [[d:Q79785|ແກ້ໄຂໃນ Wikidata]] ]</div> |} '''ການບັນທຶກຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ''' (Electrocardiography) ແມ່ນຂະບວນການໃຊ້ເຄື່ອງບັນທຶກຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (electrocardiograph) ເພື່ອສ້າງຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (electrocardiogram ຫຼື ECG/EKG) ຊຶ່ງສະແດງເປັນເສັ້ນກຣາຟຂອງກິດຈະກໍາທາງໄຟຟ້າຂອງຫົວໃຈໃນແຕ່ລະຮອບການເຕັ້ນຂອງຫົວໃຈ.<ref name="Kumar2020">{{cite book|last1=Bunce|first1=Nicholas H.|last2=Ray|first2=Robin|last3=Patel|first3=Hitesh|editor1-last=Feather|editor1-first=Adam|editor2-last=Randall|editor2-first=David|editor3-last=Waterhouse|editor3-first=Mona|title=Kumar and Clark's Clinical Medicine|date=2020|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-7020-7870-5|pages=1033–1038|edition=10th|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sl3sDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1033|language=en|chapter=30. Cardiology}}</ref> ຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈເປັນການບັນທຶກກິດຈະກໍາທາງໄຟຟ້າຂອງຫົວໃຈ ໃນຮູບແບບກຣາຟທີ່ສະແດງຄວາມຕ່າງສັກຍະໄຟຟ້າຕາມເວລາ.<ref name="Lilly 2016">{{Cite book|last=Lilly|first=Leonard S.|title=Pathophysiology of Heart Disease: A Collaborative Project of Medical Students and Faculty, 6th Edition|date=2016|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=978-1-4698-9758-5|pages=70–78|language=English|oclc=1229852550}}</ref> ການກວດນີ້ໃຊ້ຂົ້ວໄຟຟ້າ (electrodes) ທີ່ຕິດໄວ້ເທິງຜິວໜັງ ເພື່ອກວດຈັບການປ່ຽນແປງທາງໄຟຟ້າຂະໜາດນ້ອຍ ທີ່ເກີດຂຶ້ນຈາກການດີໂພລາໄຣເຊຊັນ (depolarization) ແລະ ການຣີໂພລາໄຣເຊຊັນ (repolarization) ຂອງກ້າມເນື້ອຫົວໃຈໃນແຕ່ລະຮອບການເຕັ້ນຂອງຫົວໃຈ. ການປ່ຽນແປງຈາກຮູບແບບຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (ECG) ປົກກະຕິ ສາມາດພົບໄດ້ໃນຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງຫົວໃຈຫຼາຍປະການ ລວມທັງ: * '''ຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງຈັງຫວະຫົວໃຈ''' ເຊັ່ນ ພາວະຫົວໃຈຫ້ອງເທິງເຕັ້ນພິ້ວ (atrial fibrillation)<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lyakhov|first1=Pavel|last2=Kiladze|first2=Mariya|last3=Lyakhova|first3=Ulyana|date=January 2021|title=System for Neural Network Determination of Atrial Fibrillation on ECG Signals with Wavelet-Based Preprocessing|journal=Applied Sciences|language=en|volume=11|issue=16|page=7213|doi=10.3390/app11167213|doi-access=free}}</ref> ແລະ ພາວະຫົວໃຈຫ້ອງລຸ່ມເຕັ້ນໄວ (ventricular tachycardia)<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lyakhov|first1=Pavel|last2=Kiladze|first2=Mariya|last3=Lyakhova|first3=Ulyana|date=January 2021|title=System for Neural Network Determination of Atrial Fibrillation on ECG Signals with Wavelet-Based Preprocessing|journal=Applied Sciences|language=en|volume=11|issue=16|page=7213|doi=10.3390/app11167213|doi-access=free}}</ref> * '''ການໄຫຼວຽນຂອງເລືອດໃນຫຼອດເລືອດໂຄໂຣນາຣີບໍ່ພຽງພໍ''' ເຊັ່ນ ພາວະກ້າມເນື້ອຫົວໃຈຂາດເລືອດ (myocardial ischemia)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bigler|first1=Marius Reto|last2=Zimmermann|first2=Patrick|last3=Papadis|first3=Athanasios|last4=Seiler|first4=Christian|title=Accuracy of intracoronary ECG parameters for myocardial ischemia detection|journal=Journal of Electrocardiology|date=January 2021|volume=64|pages=50–57|doi=10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2020.11.018|pmid=33316551|doi-access=free}}</ref> ແລະ ພາວະກ້າມເນື້ອຫົວໃຈຕາຍ (myocardial infarction)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Prabhakararao|first1=Eedara|last2=Dandapat|first2=Samarendra|title=Myocardial Infarction Severity Stages Classification From ECG Signals Using Attentional Recurrent Neural Network|journal=IEEE Sensors Journal|date=1 August 2020|volume=20|issue=15|pages=8711–8720|doi=10.1109/JSEN.2020.2984493|bibcode=2020ISenJ..20.8711P}}</ref> * '''ຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງສານເກືອແຮ່ໃນຮ່າງກາຍ''' ເຊັ່ນ ພາວະໂພແທສຊຽມໃນເລືອດຕໍ່າ (hypokalemia)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Carrizales-Sepúlveda|first1=Edgar Francisco|last2=Vera-Pineda|first2=Raymundo|last3=Jiménez-Castillo|first3=Raúl Alberto|last4=Treviño-García|first4=Karla Belén|last5=Ordaz-Farías|first5=Alejandro|title=Toluene toxicity presenting with hypokalemia, profound weakness and U waves in the electrocardiogram|journal=The American Journal of Emergency Medicine|date=November 2019|volume=37|issue=11|pages=2120.e1–2120.e3|doi=10.1016/j.ajem.2019.158417|pmid=31477355}}</ref> ຕາມຄວາມເຂົ້າໃຈແບບດັ້ງເດີມ, "ECG" ໝາຍເຖິງການກວດຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈແບບ 12 ລີດ (12-lead ECG) ທີ່ບັນທຶກໃນຂະນະທີ່ຜູ້ປ່ວຍນອນຮາບ ດັ່ງທີ່ຈະອະທິບາຍໄວ້ຂ້າງລຸ່ມ. ຢ່າງໃດກໍຕາມ ຍັງມີອຸປະກອນອື່ນໆທີ່ສາມາດບັນທຶກກິດຈະກໍາທາງໄຟຟ້າຂອງຫົວໃຈໄດ້ ເຊັ່ນ ໂຮນເຕີມອນິເຕີ (Holter monitor) ຫຼື ນາລິກາອັດສະລິຍະບາງຮຸ່ນ. ສັນຍານ ECG ຍັງສາມາດຖືກບັນທຶກໄດ້ໃນສະພາບການອື່ນໆ ໂດຍອາໄສອຸປະກອນຊະນິດອື່ນອີກດ້ວຍ. == ອ້າງອີງ == 0zc4pdwta5qv0pxk425l494iw0fj5h7 128375 128374 2026-06-19T04:23:59Z Randervik 18653 128375 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" |- class="mw-file-element mw-file-upright" data-file-height="512" data-file-type="drawing" data-file-width="512" decoding="async" height="250" resource="./File:SinusRhythmLabels.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/SinusRhythmLabels.svg/250px-SinusRhythmLabels.svg.png" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/SinusRhythmLabels.svg/500px-SinusRhythmLabels.svg.png 2x" style="--mw-file-upright: 1" width="250" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: lightblue; color:inherit;" |ການກວດຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:SinusRhythmLabels.svg|frameless]]<div class="infobox-caption"> ຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (ECG) ໃນລີດ II ຂອງຫົວໃຈທີ່ມີຈັງຫວະໄຊນັສປົກກະຕິ</div> |- class="infobox-data" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[ICD-10 Procedure Coding System|ICD-10-ຊິ້ນ]] | class="infobox-data" | 94.31 ຣູປີ |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[ICD-9-CM Volume 3|ICD-9-CM]] | class="infobox-data" | 89.52 |- class="infobox-full-data" colspan="2" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[Medical Subject Headings|MeSH]] | class="infobox-data" | <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D004562 D004562]</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[MedlinePlus]] | class="infobox-data" | <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003868.htm 003868]</span> |- class="noprint" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<div style="text-align: right;"> &#x5B; [[d:Q79785|ແກ້ໄຂໃນ Wikidata]] ]</div> |} '''ການບັນທຶກຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ''' (Electrocardiography) ແມ່ນຂະບວນການໃຊ້ເຄື່ອງບັນທຶກຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (electrocardiograph) ເພື່ອສ້າງຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (electrocardiogram ຫຼື ECG/EKG) ຊຶ່ງສະແດງເປັນເສັ້ນກຣາຟຂອງກິດຈະກໍາທາງໄຟຟ້າຂອງຫົວໃຈໃນແຕ່ລະຮອບການເຕັ້ນຂອງຫົວໃຈ.<ref name="Kumar2020">{{cite book|last1=Bunce|first1=Nicholas H.|last2=Ray|first2=Robin|last3=Patel|first3=Hitesh|editor1-last=Feather|editor1-first=Adam|editor2-last=Randall|editor2-first=David|editor3-last=Waterhouse|editor3-first=Mona|title=Kumar and Clark's Clinical Medicine|date=2020|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-7020-7870-5|pages=1033–1038|edition=10th|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sl3sDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1033|language=en|chapter=30. Cardiology}}</ref> ຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈເປັນການບັນທຶກກິດຈະກໍາທາງໄຟຟ້າຂອງຫົວໃຈ ໃນຮູບແບບກຣາຟທີ່ສະແດງຄວາມຕ່າງສັກຍະໄຟຟ້າຕາມເວລາ.<ref name="Lilly 2016">{{Cite book|last=Lilly|first=Leonard S.|title=Pathophysiology of Heart Disease: A Collaborative Project of Medical Students and Faculty, 6th Edition|date=2016|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=978-1-4698-9758-5|pages=70–78|language=English|oclc=1229852550}}</ref> ການກວດນີ້ໃຊ້ຂົ້ວໄຟຟ້າ (electrodes) ທີ່ຕິດໄວ້ເທິງຜິວໜັງ ເພື່ອກວດຈັບການປ່ຽນແປງທາງໄຟຟ້າຂະໜາດນ້ອຍ ທີ່ເກີດຂຶ້ນຈາກການດີໂພລາໄຣເຊຊັນ (depolarization) ແລະ ການຣີໂພລາໄຣເຊຊັນ (repolarization) ຂອງກ້າມເນື້ອຫົວໃຈໃນແຕ່ລະຮອບການເຕັ້ນຂອງຫົວໃຈ. ການປ່ຽນແປງຈາກຮູບແບບຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (ECG) ປົກກະຕິ ສາມາດພົບໄດ້ໃນຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງຫົວໃຈຫຼາຍປະການ ລວມທັງ: * '''ຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງຈັງຫວະຫົວໃຈ''' ເຊັ່ນ ພາວະຫົວໃຈຫ້ອງເທິງເຕັ້ນພິ້ວ (atrial fibrillation)<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lyakhov|first1=Pavel|last2=Kiladze|first2=Mariya|last3=Lyakhova|first3=Ulyana|date=January 2021|title=System for Neural Network Determination of Atrial Fibrillation on ECG Signals with Wavelet-Based Preprocessing|journal=Applied Sciences|language=en|volume=11|issue=16|page=7213|doi=10.3390/app11167213|doi-access=free}}</ref> ແລະ ພາວະຫົວໃຈຫ້ອງລຸ່ມເຕັ້ນໄວ (ventricular tachycardia)<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lyakhov|first1=Pavel|last2=Kiladze|first2=Mariya|last3=Lyakhova|first3=Ulyana|date=January 2021|title=System for Neural Network Determination of Atrial Fibrillation on ECG Signals with Wavelet-Based Preprocessing|journal=Applied Sciences|language=en|volume=11|issue=16|page=7213|doi=10.3390/app11167213|doi-access=free}}</ref> * '''ການໄຫຼວຽນຂອງເລືອດໃນຫຼອດເລືອດໂຄໂຣນາຣີບໍ່ພຽງພໍ''' ເຊັ່ນ ພາວະກ້າມເນື້ອຫົວໃຈຂາດເລືອດ (myocardial ischemia)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bigler|first1=Marius Reto|last2=Zimmermann|first2=Patrick|last3=Papadis|first3=Athanasios|last4=Seiler|first4=Christian|title=Accuracy of intracoronary ECG parameters for myocardial ischemia detection|journal=Journal of Electrocardiology|date=January 2021|volume=64|pages=50–57|doi=10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2020.11.018|pmid=33316551|doi-access=free}}</ref> ແລະ ພາວະກ້າມເນື້ອຫົວໃຈຕາຍ (myocardial infarction)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Prabhakararao|first1=Eedara|last2=Dandapat|first2=Samarendra|title=Myocardial Infarction Severity Stages Classification From ECG Signals Using Attentional Recurrent Neural Network|journal=IEEE Sensors Journal|date=1 August 2020|volume=20|issue=15|pages=8711–8720|doi=10.1109/JSEN.2020.2984493|bibcode=2020ISenJ..20.8711P}}</ref> * '''ຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງສານເກືອແຮ່ໃນຮ່າງກາຍ''' ເຊັ່ນ ພາວະໂພແທສຊຽມໃນເລືອດຕໍ່າ (hypokalemia)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Carrizales-Sepúlveda|first1=Edgar Francisco|last2=Vera-Pineda|first2=Raymundo|last3=Jiménez-Castillo|first3=Raúl Alberto|last4=Treviño-García|first4=Karla Belén|last5=Ordaz-Farías|first5=Alejandro|title=Toluene toxicity presenting with hypokalemia, profound weakness and U waves in the electrocardiogram|journal=The American Journal of Emergency Medicine|date=November 2019|volume=37|issue=11|pages=2120.e1–2120.e3|doi=10.1016/j.ajem.2019.158417|pmid=31477355}}</ref> ຕາມຄວາມເຂົ້າໃຈແບບດັ້ງເດີມ, "ECG" ໝາຍເຖິງການກວດຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈແບບ 12 ລີດ (12-lead ECG) ທີ່ບັນທຶກໃນຂະນະທີ່ຜູ້ປ່ວຍນອນຮາບ ດັ່ງທີ່ຈະອະທິບາຍໄວ້ຂ້າງລຸ່ມ. ຢ່າງໃດກໍຕາມ ຍັງມີອຸປະກອນອື່ນໆທີ່ສາມາດບັນທຶກກິດຈະກໍາທາງໄຟຟ້າຂອງຫົວໃຈໄດ້ ເຊັ່ນ ໂຮນເຕີມອນິເຕີ (Holter monitor) ຫຼື ນາລິກາອັດສະລິຍະບາງຮຸ່ນ. ສັນຍານ ECG ຍັງສາມາດຖືກບັນທຶກໄດ້ໃນສະພາບການອື່ນໆ ໂດຍອາໄສອຸປະກອນຊະນິດອື່ນອີກດ້ວຍ. == ອ້າງອີງ == 7brkctdns5n66wyc895igja7yn0sn9h 128376 128375 2026-06-19T04:25:15Z Randervik 18653 128376 wikitext text/x-wiki {| class="infobox" |- class="mw-file-element mw-file-upright" data-file-height="512" data-file-type="drawing" data-file-width="512" decoding="async" height="250" resource="./File:SinusRhythmLabels.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/SinusRhythmLabels.svg/250px-SinusRhythmLabels.svg.png" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/SinusRhythmLabels.svg/500px-SinusRhythmLabels.svg.png 2x" style="--mw-file-upright: 1" width="250" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: lightblue; color:inherit;" |ການກວດຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:SinusRhythmLabels.svg|frameless]]<div class="infobox-caption"> ຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (ECG) ໃນລີດ II ຂອງຫົວໃຈທີ່ມີຈັງຫວະໄຊນັສປົກກະຕິ</div> |- class="infobox-data" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[ICD-10 Procedure Coding System|ICD-10-ຊິ້ນ]] | class="infobox-data" | 94.31 ຣູປີ |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[ICD-9-CM Volume 3|ICD-9-CM]] | class="infobox-data" | 89.52 |- class="infobox-full-data" colspan="2" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[Medical Subject Headings|MeSH]] | class="infobox-data" | <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D004562 D004562]</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[MedlinePlus]] | class="infobox-data" | <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003868.htm 003868]</span> |- class="noprint" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<div style="text-align: right;"> &#x5B; [[d:Q79785|ແກ້ໄຂໃນ Wikidata]] ]</div> |} '''ການກວດຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ''' ({{Langx|en|Electrocardiography}}) ແມ່ນຂະບວນການໃຊ້ເຄື່ອງບັນທຶກຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (electrocardiograph) ເພື່ອສ້າງຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (electrocardiogram ຫຼື ECG/EKG) ຊຶ່ງສະແດງເປັນເສັ້ນກຣາຟຂອງກິດຈະກໍາທາງໄຟຟ້າຂອງຫົວໃຈໃນແຕ່ລະຮອບການເຕັ້ນຂອງຫົວໃຈ.<ref name="Kumar2020">{{cite book|last1=Bunce|first1=Nicholas H.|last2=Ray|first2=Robin|last3=Patel|first3=Hitesh|editor1-last=Feather|editor1-first=Adam|editor2-last=Randall|editor2-first=David|editor3-last=Waterhouse|editor3-first=Mona|title=Kumar and Clark's Clinical Medicine|date=2020|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-7020-7870-5|pages=1033–1038|edition=10th|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sl3sDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1033|language=en|chapter=30. Cardiology}}</ref> ຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈເປັນການບັນທຶກກິດຈະກໍາທາງໄຟຟ້າຂອງຫົວໃຈ ໃນຮູບແບບກຣາຟທີ່ສະແດງຄວາມຕ່າງສັກຍະໄຟຟ້າຕາມເວລາ.<ref name="Lilly 2016">{{Cite book|last=Lilly|first=Leonard S.|title=Pathophysiology of Heart Disease: A Collaborative Project of Medical Students and Faculty, 6th Edition|date=2016|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=978-1-4698-9758-5|pages=70–78|language=English|oclc=1229852550}}</ref> ການກວດນີ້ໃຊ້ຂົ້ວໄຟຟ້າ (electrodes) ທີ່ຕິດໄວ້ເທິງຜິວໜັງ ເພື່ອກວດຈັບການປ່ຽນແປງທາງໄຟຟ້າຂະໜາດນ້ອຍ ທີ່ເກີດຂຶ້ນຈາກການດີໂພລາໄຣເຊຊັນ (depolarization) ແລະ ການຣີໂພລາໄຣເຊຊັນ (repolarization) ຂອງກ້າມເນື້ອຫົວໃຈໃນແຕ່ລະຮອບການເຕັ້ນຂອງຫົວໃຈ. ການປ່ຽນແປງຈາກຮູບແບບຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (ECG) ປົກກະຕິ ສາມາດພົບໄດ້ໃນຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງຫົວໃຈຫຼາຍປະການ ລວມທັງ: * '''ຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງຈັງຫວະຫົວໃຈ''' ເຊັ່ນ ພາວະຫົວໃຈຫ້ອງເທິງເຕັ້ນພິ້ວ (atrial fibrillation)<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lyakhov|first1=Pavel|last2=Kiladze|first2=Mariya|last3=Lyakhova|first3=Ulyana|date=January 2021|title=System for Neural Network Determination of Atrial Fibrillation on ECG Signals with Wavelet-Based Preprocessing|journal=Applied Sciences|language=en|volume=11|issue=16|page=7213|doi=10.3390/app11167213|doi-access=free}}</ref> ແລະ ພາວະຫົວໃຈຫ້ອງລຸ່ມເຕັ້ນໄວ (ventricular tachycardia)<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lyakhov|first1=Pavel|last2=Kiladze|first2=Mariya|last3=Lyakhova|first3=Ulyana|date=January 2021|title=System for Neural Network Determination of Atrial Fibrillation on ECG Signals with Wavelet-Based Preprocessing|journal=Applied Sciences|language=en|volume=11|issue=16|page=7213|doi=10.3390/app11167213|doi-access=free}}</ref> * '''ການໄຫຼວຽນຂອງເລືອດໃນຫຼອດເລືອດໂຄໂຣນາຣີບໍ່ພຽງພໍ''' ເຊັ່ນ ພາວະກ້າມເນື້ອຫົວໃຈຂາດເລືອດ (myocardial ischemia)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bigler|first1=Marius Reto|last2=Zimmermann|first2=Patrick|last3=Papadis|first3=Athanasios|last4=Seiler|first4=Christian|title=Accuracy of intracoronary ECG parameters for myocardial ischemia detection|journal=Journal of Electrocardiology|date=January 2021|volume=64|pages=50–57|doi=10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2020.11.018|pmid=33316551|doi-access=free}}</ref> ແລະ ພາວະກ້າມເນື້ອຫົວໃຈຕາຍ (myocardial infarction)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Prabhakararao|first1=Eedara|last2=Dandapat|first2=Samarendra|title=Myocardial Infarction Severity Stages Classification From ECG Signals Using Attentional Recurrent Neural Network|journal=IEEE Sensors Journal|date=1 August 2020|volume=20|issue=15|pages=8711–8720|doi=10.1109/JSEN.2020.2984493|bibcode=2020ISenJ..20.8711P}}</ref> * '''ຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງສານເກືອແຮ່ໃນຮ່າງກາຍ''' ເຊັ່ນ ພາວະໂພແທສຊຽມໃນເລືອດຕໍ່າ (hypokalemia)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Carrizales-Sepúlveda|first1=Edgar Francisco|last2=Vera-Pineda|first2=Raymundo|last3=Jiménez-Castillo|first3=Raúl Alberto|last4=Treviño-García|first4=Karla Belén|last5=Ordaz-Farías|first5=Alejandro|title=Toluene toxicity presenting with hypokalemia, profound weakness and U waves in the electrocardiogram|journal=The American Journal of Emergency Medicine|date=November 2019|volume=37|issue=11|pages=2120.e1–2120.e3|doi=10.1016/j.ajem.2019.158417|pmid=31477355}}</ref> ຕາມຄວາມເຂົ້າໃຈແບບດັ້ງເດີມ, "ECG" ໝາຍເຖິງການກວດຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈແບບ 12 ລີດ (12-lead ECG) ທີ່ບັນທຶກໃນຂະນະທີ່ຜູ້ປ່ວຍນອນຮາບ ດັ່ງທີ່ຈະອະທິບາຍໄວ້ຂ້າງລຸ່ມ. ຢ່າງໃດກໍຕາມ ຍັງມີອຸປະກອນອື່ນໆທີ່ສາມາດບັນທຶກກິດຈະກໍາທາງໄຟຟ້າຂອງຫົວໃຈໄດ້ ເຊັ່ນ ໂຮນເຕີມອນິເຕີ (Holter monitor) ຫຼື ນາລິກາອັດສະລິຍະບາງຮຸ່ນ. ສັນຍານ ECG ຍັງສາມາດຖືກບັນທຶກໄດ້ໃນສະພາບການອື່ນໆ ໂດຍອາໄສອຸປະກອນຊະນິດອື່ນອີກດ້ວຍ. == ອ້າງອີງ == 5jz8qsh6xg0wwn32tfftohqtpgxl74e 128379 128376 2026-06-19T04:27:06Z Randervik 18653 128379 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ຄຸນນະພາບການແປ}}{{ຂະຫຍາຍ}} {| class="infobox" |- class="mw-file-element mw-file-upright" data-file-height="512" data-file-type="drawing" data-file-width="512" decoding="async" height="250" resource="./File:SinusRhythmLabels.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/SinusRhythmLabels.svg/250px-SinusRhythmLabels.svg.png" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/SinusRhythmLabels.svg/500px-SinusRhythmLabels.svg.png 2x" style="--mw-file-upright: 1" width="250" ! colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: lightblue; color:inherit;" |ການກວດຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" | colspan="2" class="infobox-image" |[[File:SinusRhythmLabels.svg|frameless]]<div class="infobox-caption"> ຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (ECG) ໃນລີດ II ຂອງຫົວໃຈທີ່ມີຈັງຫວະໄຊນັສປົກກະຕິ</div> |- class="infobox-data" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[ICD-10 Procedure Coding System|ICD-10-ຊິ້ນ]] | class="infobox-data" | 94.31 ຣູປີ |- class="infobox-label" scope="row" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[ICD-9-CM Volume 3|ICD-9-CM]] | class="infobox-data" | 89.52 |- class="infobox-full-data" colspan="2" ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[Medical Subject Headings|MeSH]] | class="infobox-data" | <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D004562 D004562]</span> |- ! class="infobox-label" scope="row" | [[MedlinePlus]] | class="infobox-data" | <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion">[https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003868.htm 003868]</span> |- class="noprint" | colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" |<div style="text-align: right;"> &#x5B; [[d:Q79785|ແກ້ໄຂໃນ Wikidata]] ]</div> |} '''ການກວດຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ''' ({{Langx|en|Electrocardiography}}) ແມ່ນຂະບວນການໃຊ້ເຄື່ອງບັນທຶກຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (electrocardiograph) ເພື່ອສ້າງຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (electrocardiogram ຫຼື ECG/EKG) ຊຶ່ງສະແດງເປັນເສັ້ນກຣາຟຂອງກິດຈະກໍາທາງໄຟຟ້າຂອງຫົວໃຈໃນແຕ່ລະຮອບການເຕັ້ນຂອງຫົວໃຈ.<ref name="Kumar2020">{{cite book|last1=Bunce|first1=Nicholas H.|last2=Ray|first2=Robin|last3=Patel|first3=Hitesh|editor1-last=Feather|editor1-first=Adam|editor2-last=Randall|editor2-first=David|editor3-last=Waterhouse|editor3-first=Mona|title=Kumar and Clark's Clinical Medicine|date=2020|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-7020-7870-5|pages=1033–1038|edition=10th|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sl3sDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1033|language=en|chapter=30. Cardiology}}</ref> ຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈເປັນການບັນທຶກກິດຈະກໍາທາງໄຟຟ້າຂອງຫົວໃຈ ໃນຮູບແບບກຣາຟທີ່ສະແດງຄວາມຕ່າງສັກຍະໄຟຟ້າຕາມເວລາ.<ref name="Lilly 2016">{{Cite book|last=Lilly|first=Leonard S.|title=Pathophysiology of Heart Disease: A Collaborative Project of Medical Students and Faculty, 6th Edition|date=2016|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=978-1-4698-9758-5|pages=70–78|language=English|oclc=1229852550}}</ref> ການກວດນີ້ໃຊ້ຂົ້ວໄຟຟ້າ (electrodes) ທີ່ຕິດໄວ້ເທິງຜິວໜັງ ເພື່ອກວດຈັບການປ່ຽນແປງທາງໄຟຟ້າຂະໜາດນ້ອຍ ທີ່ເກີດຂຶ້ນຈາກການດີໂພລາໄຣເຊຊັນ (depolarization) ແລະ ການຣີໂພລາໄຣເຊຊັນ (repolarization) ຂອງກ້າມເນື້ອຫົວໃຈໃນແຕ່ລະຮອບການເຕັ້ນຂອງຫົວໃຈ. ການປ່ຽນແປງຈາກຮູບແບບຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ (ECG) ປົກກະຕິ ສາມາດພົບໄດ້ໃນຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງຫົວໃຈຫຼາຍປະການ ລວມທັງ: * '''ຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງຈັງຫວະຫົວໃຈ''' ເຊັ່ນ ພາວະຫົວໃຈຫ້ອງເທິງເຕັ້ນພິ້ວ (atrial fibrillation)<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lyakhov|first1=Pavel|last2=Kiladze|first2=Mariya|last3=Lyakhova|first3=Ulyana|date=January 2021|title=System for Neural Network Determination of Atrial Fibrillation on ECG Signals with Wavelet-Based Preprocessing|journal=Applied Sciences|language=en|volume=11|issue=16|page=7213|doi=10.3390/app11167213|doi-access=free}}</ref> ແລະ ພາວະຫົວໃຈຫ້ອງລຸ່ມເຕັ້ນໄວ (ventricular tachycardia)<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lyakhov|first1=Pavel|last2=Kiladze|first2=Mariya|last3=Lyakhova|first3=Ulyana|date=January 2021|title=System for Neural Network Determination of Atrial Fibrillation on ECG Signals with Wavelet-Based Preprocessing|journal=Applied Sciences|language=en|volume=11|issue=16|page=7213|doi=10.3390/app11167213|doi-access=free}}</ref> * '''ການໄຫຼວຽນຂອງເລືອດໃນຫຼອດເລືອດໂຄໂຣນາຣີບໍ່ພຽງພໍ''' ເຊັ່ນ ພາວະກ້າມເນື້ອຫົວໃຈຂາດເລືອດ (myocardial ischemia)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bigler|first1=Marius Reto|last2=Zimmermann|first2=Patrick|last3=Papadis|first3=Athanasios|last4=Seiler|first4=Christian|title=Accuracy of intracoronary ECG parameters for myocardial ischemia detection|journal=Journal of Electrocardiology|date=January 2021|volume=64|pages=50–57|doi=10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2020.11.018|pmid=33316551|doi-access=free}}</ref> ແລະ ພາວະກ້າມເນື້ອຫົວໃຈຕາຍ (myocardial infarction)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Prabhakararao|first1=Eedara|last2=Dandapat|first2=Samarendra|title=Myocardial Infarction Severity Stages Classification From ECG Signals Using Attentional Recurrent Neural Network|journal=IEEE Sensors Journal|date=1 August 2020|volume=20|issue=15|pages=8711–8720|doi=10.1109/JSEN.2020.2984493|bibcode=2020ISenJ..20.8711P}}</ref> * '''ຄວາມຜິດປົກກະຕິຂອງສານເກືອແຮ່ໃນຮ່າງກາຍ''' ເຊັ່ນ ພາວະໂພແທສຊຽມໃນເລືອດຕໍ່າ (hypokalemia)<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Carrizales-Sepúlveda|first1=Edgar Francisco|last2=Vera-Pineda|first2=Raymundo|last3=Jiménez-Castillo|first3=Raúl Alberto|last4=Treviño-García|first4=Karla Belén|last5=Ordaz-Farías|first5=Alejandro|title=Toluene toxicity presenting with hypokalemia, profound weakness and U waves in the electrocardiogram|journal=The American Journal of Emergency Medicine|date=November 2019|volume=37|issue=11|pages=2120.e1–2120.e3|doi=10.1016/j.ajem.2019.158417|pmid=31477355}}</ref> ຕາມຄວາມເຂົ້າໃຈແບບດັ້ງເດີມ, "ECG" ໝາຍເຖິງການກວດຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈແບບ 12 ລີດ (12-lead ECG) ທີ່ບັນທຶກໃນຂະນະທີ່ຜູ້ປ່ວຍນອນຮາບ ດັ່ງທີ່ຈະອະທິບາຍໄວ້ຂ້າງລຸ່ມ. ຢ່າງໃດກໍຕາມ ຍັງມີອຸປະກອນອື່ນໆທີ່ສາມາດບັນທຶກກິດຈະກໍາທາງໄຟຟ້າຂອງຫົວໃຈໄດ້ ເຊັ່ນ ໂຮນເຕີມອນິເຕີ (Holter monitor) ຫຼື ນາລິກາອັດສະລິຍະບາງຮຸ່ນ. ສັນຍານ ECG ຍັງສາມາດຖືກບັນທຶກໄດ້ໃນສະພາບການອື່ນໆ ໂດຍອາໄສອຸປະກອນຊະນິດອື່ນອີກດ້ວຍ. == ອ້າງອີງ == 42keowhdsn8kcq2es2ibhx24lv65123 0 24962 128377 2026-06-19T04:26:05Z Randervik 18653 ພວມໂອນໄປ ຫາ [[ການກວດຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ]] 128377 wikitext text/x-wiki #redirect[[ການກວດຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ]] mi69q1nvfxivwd1jjzk3vh2oa4oltnn 0 24963 128378 2026-06-19T04:26:38Z Randervik 18653 ພວມໂອນໄປ ຫາ [[ການກວດຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ]] 128378 wikitext text/x-wiki #redirect[[ການກວດຄື້ນໄຟຟ້າຫົວໃຈ]] mi69q1nvfxivwd1jjzk3vh2oa4oltnn 0 24964 128381 2026-06-19T04:44:13Z Randervik 18653 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1352940855|Football in Thailand]]" 128381 wikitext text/x-wiki   [[ເຕະບານ|ບານເຕະ]]ເປັນ[[ກິລາ]]ທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບຄວາມນິຍົມຫຼາຍທີ່ສຸດໃນ[[ປະເທດໄທ]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Murray|first=Leigh|url=https://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052748704288304576171371317870688|title=Managing in Asia: Bryan Robson Brings His Game to Thailand Soccer - WSJ.com|publisher=Online.wsj.com|date=2011-03-06|access-date=2013-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationmultimedia.com/sports/The-rise-and-fall-of-Thai-soccer-30203651.html|title=The rise and fall of Thai soccer - The Nation|publisher=Nationmultimedia.com|date=2013-04-09|access-date=2013-12-02|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304041120/http://www.nationmultimedia.com/sports/The-rise-and-fall-of-Thai-soccer-30203651.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> ປະມານ 30% ຂອງປະຊາກອນໄທຖືວ່າເປັນແຟນບານເຕະ. ໃນບັນດາປະເທດເພື່ອນບ້ານ ເຊັ່ນ [[ກໍາປູເຈຍ]], [[ລາວ]] ແລະ [[ມຽນມາ]] ສັດສ່ວນຂອງແຟນບານເຕະກໍຢູ່ໃນລະດັບໃກ້ຄຽງກັນ.<ref>{{cite web|title=(Soccer) Football Fans by Country 2026|date=4 April 2024|url=https://countrycassette.com/rankings-sports-football-fans-by-country/}}</ref> ເຖິງແມ່ນວ່າລີກບານເຕະອາຊີບຈະເປັນສິ່ງໃໝ່ສໍາລັບ[[ຄົນໄທ]], ແຕ່ບານເຕະໄດ້ຖືກນໍາເຂົ້າມາສູ່ປະເທດໄທຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 1897. ຄົນໄທຈໍານວນຫຼາຍຍັງຕິດຕາມຊົມການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຜ່ານທາງໂທລະພາບພາຍໃນປະເທດ ແລະ ໂທລະພາບແບບບໍລິການສະໝັກສະມາຊິກ. ການແຂ່ງຂັນຫຼາຍນັດ, ໂດຍສະເພາະໃນ[[ພຣີເມຍລີກ]]ຂອງ[[ອັງກິດ]], ສາມາດຮັບຊົມໄດ້ຟຣີຜ່ານຊ່ອງໂທລະພາບທ້ອງຖິ່ນ. ນອກຈາກນັ້ນ ສະຖານີໂທລະພາບຂອງໄທຍັງໄດ້ຖ່າຍທອດການແຂ່ງຂັນທຸກນັດຂອງຟີຟ່າເວີລ໌ຄັບ 2006 ອີກດ້ວຍ. ກິລາບານເຕະໃນປະເທດໄທຖືກຄຸ້ມຄອງ ແລະ ຈັດຕັ້ງໂດຍ[[ສະມາຄົມບານເຕະແຫ່ງປະເທດໄທ]] (FAT). ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບຄວາມນິຍົມຫຼາຍທີ່ສຸດໃນປະເທດໄທ ໄດ້ແກ່ [[Liverpool F.C.|ລິເວີພູລ]] ແລະ[[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະ ແມນເຊສເຕີ ຢູໄນເຕັດ|ແມນເຊສເຕີ ຢູໄນເຕັດ]] ຈາກພຣີເມຍລີກ ພ້ອມທັງ [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະບຸລີລຳຢູໄນເຕັດ|ບຸລີລຳຢູໄນເຕັດ]] ຈາກ[[ໄທລີກ 1]].<ref name="thenation">{{cite web|title=Liverpool FC most popular team in Thailand, says poll|date=25 July 2022|url=https://www.nationthailand.com/life/40018126}}</ref> == ອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ເຕະບານໃນປະເທດໄທ]] l8w878prj08w7phs43nrlzf4k4fggm5 128382 128381 2026-06-19T04:44:31Z Randervik 18653 128382 wikitext text/x-wiki  [[ເຕະບານ|ບານເຕະ]]ເປັນ[[ກິລາ]]ທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບຄວາມນິຍົມຫຼາຍທີ່ສຸດໃນ[[ປະເທດໄທ]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Murray|first=Leigh|url=https://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052748704288304576171371317870688|title=Managing in Asia: Bryan Robson Brings His Game to Thailand Soccer - WSJ.com|publisher=Online.wsj.com|date=2011-03-06|access-date=2013-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationmultimedia.com/sports/The-rise-and-fall-of-Thai-soccer-30203651.html|title=The rise and fall of Thai soccer - The Nation|publisher=Nationmultimedia.com|date=2013-04-09|access-date=2013-12-02|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304041120/http://www.nationmultimedia.com/sports/The-rise-and-fall-of-Thai-soccer-30203651.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> ປະມານ 30% ຂອງປະຊາກອນໄທຖືວ່າເປັນແຟນບານເຕະ. ໃນບັນດາປະເທດເພື່ອນບ້ານ ເຊັ່ນ [[ກໍາປູເຈຍ]], [[ລາວ]] ແລະ [[ມຽນມາ]] ສັດສ່ວນຂອງແຟນບານເຕະກໍຢູ່ໃນລະດັບໃກ້ຄຽງກັນ.<ref>{{cite web|title=(Soccer) Football Fans by Country 2026|date=4 April 2024|url=https://countrycassette.com/rankings-sports-football-fans-by-country/}}</ref> ເຖິງແມ່ນວ່າລີກບານເຕະອາຊີບຈະເປັນສິ່ງໃໝ່ສໍາລັບ[[ຄົນໄທ]], ແຕ່ບານເຕະໄດ້ຖືກນໍາເຂົ້າມາສູ່ປະເທດໄທຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 1897. ຄົນໄທຈໍານວນຫຼາຍຍັງຕິດຕາມຊົມການແຂ່ງຂັນບານເຕະຜ່ານທາງໂທລະພາບພາຍໃນປະເທດ ແລະ ໂທລະພາບແບບບໍລິການສະໝັກສະມາຊິກ. ການແຂ່ງຂັນຫຼາຍນັດ, ໂດຍສະເພາະໃນ[[ພຣີເມຍລີກ]]ຂອງ[[ອັງກິດ]], ສາມາດຮັບຊົມໄດ້ຟຣີຜ່ານຊ່ອງໂທລະພາບທ້ອງຖິ່ນ. ນອກຈາກນັ້ນ ສະຖານີໂທລະພາບຂອງໄທຍັງໄດ້ຖ່າຍທອດການແຂ່ງຂັນທຸກນັດຂອງຟີຟ່າເວີລ໌ຄັບ 2006 ອີກດ້ວຍ. ກິລາບານເຕະໃນປະເທດໄທຖືກຄຸ້ມຄອງ ແລະ ຈັດຕັ້ງໂດຍ[[ສະມາຄົມບານເຕະແຫ່ງປະເທດໄທ]] (FAT). ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບຄວາມນິຍົມຫຼາຍທີ່ສຸດໃນປະເທດໄທ ໄດ້ແກ່ [[Liverpool F.C.|ລິເວີພູລ]] ແລະ[[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະ ແມນເຊສເຕີ ຢູໄນເຕັດ|ແມນເຊສເຕີ ຢູໄນເຕັດ]] ຈາກພຣີເມຍລີກ ພ້ອມທັງ [[ສະໂມສອນບານເຕະບຸລີລຳຢູໄນເຕັດ|ບຸລີລຳຢູໄນເຕັດ]] ຈາກ[[ໄທລີກ 1]].<ref name="thenation">{{cite web|title=Liverpool FC most popular team in Thailand, says poll|date=25 July 2022|url=https://www.nationthailand.com/life/40018126}}</ref> == ອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ເຕະບານໃນປະເທດໄທ]] k8a7oy0sj8p2i4au9zkgef87gdwlctl 14 24965 128383 2026-06-19T04:44:49Z Randervik 18653 ສ້າງໜ້າເປົ່າ 128383 wikitext text/x-wiki phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1 0 24966 128385 2026-06-19T05:01:21Z Randervik 18653 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357002786|Football in Vietnam]]" 128385 wikitext text/x-wiki [[ເຕະບານ|ບານເຕະ]]ໃນ[[ປະເທດຫວຽດນາມ]]ຢູ່ພາຍໃຕ້ການຄຸ້ມຄອງຂອງ[[ສະຫະພັນບານເຕະຫວຽດນາມ]] (VFF). ສະຫະພັນເປັນຜູ້ບໍລິຫານທີມຊາດບານເຕະຊາຍ ແລະ ຍິງຂອງຫວຽດນາມ. ນອກຈາກນັ້ນ ຍັງຮັບຜິດຊອບການຈັດການລີກບານເຕະລະດັບຊາດ ລວມທັງ [[ວີ.ລີກ 1]] ຊຶ່ງເປັນລີກສູງສຸດຂອງປະເທດ. ບານເຕະເປັນກິລາທີ່ນິຍົມທີ່ສຸດໃນຫວຽດນາມ. ອີງຕາມການສໍາຫຼວດຂອງ Nielsen, ປະມານ 75% ຂອງປະຊາກອນຫວຽດນາມເປັນແຟນບານເຕະ.<ref>https://english.vov.vn/en/sports/vietnam-has-highest-percentage-of-football-fans-in-asia-nielsen-post980922.vov</ref> ມີລາຍງານວ່າ ກິລາບານເຕະໄດ້ເຂົ້າມາສູ່ຫວຽດນາມໃນປີ 1896 ຜ່ານອິດທິພົນຂອງຝຣັ່ງໃນຍຸກອານານິຄົມ. ບານເຕະຖືກນໍາເຂົ້າມາຄັ້ງທໍາອິດໃນ[[ໂກແຊງຊິນ]](Cochinchina) ຫຼື ນາມກີ (Nam Kỳ) ຊຶ່ງເປັນເຂດພາກໃຕ້ຂອງຫວຽດນາມໃນປັດຈຸບັນ ກ່ອນຈະແຜ່ຂະຫຍາຍໄປສູ່ພາກກາງ ແລະ ພາກເໜືອຂອງປະເທດ. ໃນຊ່ວງທີ່ຫວຽດນາມຖືກແບ່ງອອກເປັນ[[ສາທາລະນະ​ລັດ ປະຊາທິປະ​ໄຕ ຫວຽດນາມ|ຫວຽດນາມເໜືອ]] ແລະ [[ປະເທດຫວຽດນາມໃຕ້|ຫວຽດນາມໃຕ້]] (ລະຫວ່າງປີ 1954–1976) ໄດ້ມີທີມຊາດບານເຕະສອງທີມແຍກຈາກກັນ. ທີມຊາດຫວຽດນາມເໜືອລົງແຂ່ງຂັນເກືອບທັງໝົດກັບປະເທດຄອມມູນິດອື່ນໆ ໃນລະຫວ່າງປີ 1956 ຫາ 1966,<ref>{{cite web|title=World Football Elo Ratings|url=https://www.eloratings.net/North_Vietnam}}</ref> ຂະນະທີ່ທີມຊາດຫວຽດນາມໃຕ້ໄດ້ເຂົ້າຮ່ວມການແຂ່ງຂັນ[[ເອເອັຟຊີ ເອເຊຍ ຄັບ]] ສອງຄັ້ງທໍາອິດ ໂດຍຈົບອັນດັບ 4 ທັງສອງຄັ້ງ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=AFC Asian Cup Contenders: Vietnam|url=https://www.the-afc.com/en/more/content/3171933|access-date=2026-05-21|website=the-AFC|language=en}}</ref> [[ໝວດ:ບານ​ເຕະ​ຢູ່​ຫວຽດ​ນາມ]] frgutgdrq4w9135slk5opy3nwprv8vv 128386 128385 2026-06-19T05:01:54Z Randervik 18653 128386 wikitext text/x-wiki [[ເຕະບານ|ບານເຕະ]]ໃນ[[ປະເທດຫວຽດນາມ]]ຢູ່ພາຍໃຕ້ການຄຸ້ມຄອງຂອງ[[ສະຫະພັນບານເຕະຫວຽດນາມ]] (VFF). ສະຫະພັນເປັນຜູ້ບໍລິຫານທີມຊາດບານເຕະຊາຍ ແລະ ຍິງຂອງຫວຽດນາມ. ນອກຈາກນັ້ນ ຍັງຮັບຜິດຊອບການຈັດການລີກບານເຕະລະດັບຊາດ ລວມທັງ [[ວີ.ລີກ 1]] ຊຶ່ງເປັນລີກສູງສຸດຂອງປະເທດ. ບານເຕະເປັນກິລາທີ່ນິຍົມທີ່ສຸດໃນຫວຽດນາມ. ອີງຕາມການສໍາຫຼວດຂອງ Nielsen, ປະມານ 75% ຂອງປະຊາກອນຫວຽດນາມເປັນແຟນບານເຕະ.<ref>https://english.vov.vn/en/sports/vietnam-has-highest-percentage-of-football-fans-in-asia-nielsen-post980922.vov</ref> ມີລາຍງານວ່າ ກິລາບານເຕະໄດ້ເຂົ້າມາສູ່ຫວຽດນາມໃນປີ 1896 ຜ່ານອິດທິພົນຂອງຝຣັ່ງໃນຍຸກອານານິຄົມ. ບານເຕະຖືກນໍາເຂົ້າມາຄັ້ງທໍາອິດໃນ[[ໂກແຊງຊິນ]](Cochinchina) ຫຼື ນາມກີ (Nam Kỳ) ຊຶ່ງເປັນເຂດພາກໃຕ້ຂອງຫວຽດນາມໃນປັດຈຸບັນ ກ່ອນຈະແຜ່ຂະຫຍາຍໄປສູ່ພາກກາງ ແລະ ພາກເໜືອຂອງປະເທດ. ໃນຊ່ວງທີ່ຫວຽດນາມຖືກແບ່ງອອກເປັນ[[ສາທາລະນະ​ລັດ ປະຊາທິປະ​ໄຕ ຫວຽດນາມ|ຫວຽດນາມເໜືອ]] ແລະ [[ປະເທດຫວຽດນາມໃຕ້|ຫວຽດນາມໃຕ້]] (ລະຫວ່າງປີ 1954–1976) ໄດ້ມີທີມຊາດບານເຕະສອງທີມແຍກຈາກກັນ. ທີມຊາດຫວຽດນາມເໜືອລົງແຂ່ງຂັນເກືອບທັງໝົດກັບປະເທດຄອມມູນິດອື່ນໆ ໃນລະຫວ່າງປີ 1956 ຫາ 1966,<ref>{{cite web|title=World Football Elo Ratings|url=https://www.eloratings.net/North_Vietnam}}</ref> ຂະນະທີ່ທີມຊາດຫວຽດນາມໃຕ້ໄດ້ເຂົ້າຮ່ວມການແຂ່ງຂັນ[[ເອເອັຟຊີ ເອເຊຍ ຄັບ]] ສອງຄັ້ງທໍາອິດ ໂດຍຈົບອັນດັບ 4 ທັງສອງຄັ້ງ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=AFC Asian Cup Contenders: Vietnam|url=https://www.the-afc.com/en/more/content/3171933|access-date=2026-05-21|website=the-AFC|language=en}}</ref> == ອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ບານ​ເຕະ​ຢູ່​ຫວຽດ​ນາມ]] 4st2t0fe14th7uzrh6oqezm5rj9zfcx 128387 128386 2026-06-19T05:02:01Z Randervik 18653 128387 wikitext text/x-wiki [[ເຕະບານ|ບານເຕະ]]ໃນ[[ປະເທດຫວຽດນາມ]]ຢູ່ພາຍໃຕ້ການຄຸ້ມຄອງຂອງ[[ສະຫະພັນບານເຕະຫວຽດນາມ]] (VFF). ສະຫະພັນເປັນຜູ້ບໍລິຫານທີມຊາດບານເຕະຊາຍ ແລະ ຍິງຂອງຫວຽດນາມ. ນອກຈາກນັ້ນ ຍັງຮັບຜິດຊອບການຈັດການລີກບານເຕະລະດັບຊາດ ລວມທັງ [[ວີ.ລີກ 1]] ຊຶ່ງເປັນລີກສູງສຸດຂອງປະເທດ. ບານເຕະເປັນກິລາທີ່ນິຍົມທີ່ສຸດໃນຫວຽດນາມ. ອີງຕາມການສໍາຫຼວດຂອງ Nielsen, ປະມານ 75% ຂອງປະຊາກອນຫວຽດນາມເປັນແຟນບານເຕະ.<ref>https://english.vov.vn/en/sports/vietnam-has-highest-percentage-of-football-fans-in-asia-nielsen-post980922.vov</ref> ມີລາຍງານວ່າ ກິລາບານເຕະໄດ້ເຂົ້າມາສູ່ຫວຽດນາມໃນປີ 1896 ຜ່ານອິດທິພົນຂອງຝຣັ່ງໃນຍຸກອານານິຄົມ. ບານເຕະຖືກນໍາເຂົ້າມາຄັ້ງທໍາອິດໃນ[[ໂກແຊງຊິນ]] (Cochinchina) ຫຼື ນາມກີ (Nam Kỳ) ຊຶ່ງເປັນເຂດພາກໃຕ້ຂອງຫວຽດນາມໃນປັດຈຸບັນ ກ່ອນຈະແຜ່ຂະຫຍາຍໄປສູ່ພາກກາງ ແລະ ພາກເໜືອຂອງປະເທດ. ໃນຊ່ວງທີ່ຫວຽດນາມຖືກແບ່ງອອກເປັນ[[ສາທາລະນະ​ລັດ ປະຊາທິປະ​ໄຕ ຫວຽດນາມ|ຫວຽດນາມເໜືອ]] ແລະ [[ປະເທດຫວຽດນາມໃຕ້|ຫວຽດນາມໃຕ້]] (ລະຫວ່າງປີ 1954–1976) ໄດ້ມີທີມຊາດບານເຕະສອງທີມແຍກຈາກກັນ. ທີມຊາດຫວຽດນາມເໜືອລົງແຂ່ງຂັນເກືອບທັງໝົດກັບປະເທດຄອມມູນິດອື່ນໆ ໃນລະຫວ່າງປີ 1956 ຫາ 1966,<ref>{{cite web|title=World Football Elo Ratings|url=https://www.eloratings.net/North_Vietnam}}</ref> ຂະນະທີ່ທີມຊາດຫວຽດນາມໃຕ້ໄດ້ເຂົ້າຮ່ວມການແຂ່ງຂັນ[[ເອເອັຟຊີ ເອເຊຍ ຄັບ]] ສອງຄັ້ງທໍາອິດ ໂດຍຈົບອັນດັບ 4 ທັງສອງຄັ້ງ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=AFC Asian Cup Contenders: Vietnam|url=https://www.the-afc.com/en/more/content/3171933|access-date=2026-05-21|website=the-AFC|language=en}}</ref> == ອ້າງອີງ == [[ໝວດ:ບານ​ເຕະ​ຢູ່​ຫວຽດ​ນາມ]] qhugyqktgqb2fn69tx850252fw2filg 0 24967 128393 2026-06-19T05:42:46Z Randervik 18653 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1357737001|Mazda]]" 128393 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນ ບໍລິສັດ|name=Mazda Motor Corporation|native_name=マツダ株式会社|native_name_lang=ja|romanized_name=''Matsuda [[Kabushiki Gaisha]]''|logo=Mazda logo 2024 (vertical).svg|logo_size=150px|logo_caption=Logo used since 2025|image=Mazda head office 20200607.JPG|image_size=250px|image_caption=Headquarters in [[Fuchū, Hiroshima (town)|Fuchū, Japan]] (2020)|type=[[Public company|Public]]|traded_as={{Tyo|7261}}|founded={{Start date and age|1920|1|30}}|founder=[[Jujiro Matsuda]]|hq_location=3-1 Shinchi|hq_location_city=[[Fuchū, Hiroshima (town)|Fuchū]], [[Hiroshima Prefecture]]|hq_location_country=Japan|area_served=Worldwide|key_people={{unbulleted indent list | Kiyotaka Shobuda {{small|(Chairman)}} | Masahiro Moro {{small|(President and CEO)}} }}|industry=[[Automotive industry|Automotive]]|num_employees=48,750 (2022)<ref name="Mazda Integrated Report 2022">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/annual/files/ir2022e_all.pdf|title=Mazda Integrated Report 2022|access-date=July 14, 2023|archive-date=April 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406044758/https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/annual/files/ir2022e_all.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>|owners={{unbulleted list | [[The Master Trust Bank of Japan]] (15.4%) | [[Custody Bank of Japan Ltd.]] (5.9%) | [[Toyota|Toyota Motor Corporation]] (5.1%)<ref name="Stock Information">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/en/investors/stockinfo/situation|title=Stock Information|access-date=July 8, 2024|archive-date=July 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715011222/https://www.mazda.com/en/investors/stockinfo/situation|url-status=live}}</ref> }}|products=[[Motor vehicle]]s, [[List of Mazda engines|engines]]|production={{increase}} 1,219,139 vehicles (FY 2024)<ref name="FY24">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/content/dam/mazda/corporate/mazda-com/en/pdf/investors/library/result/2025/presentation20250512_e.pdf|title=Financial results for fiscal year March 2025|access-date=May 31, 2025| work=mazda.com}}</ref>|revenue={{increase}} {{yen|3.8&nbsp;trillion}} (FY 2023)<ref name="Consolidated Financial Results For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/result/files/result20230512_e.pdf|title=Consolidated Financial Results|access-date=July 14, 2023|work=mazda.com/en/investors|archive-date=July 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715011231/https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/result/files/result20230512_e.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>|operating_income={{increase}} {{yen|142&nbsp;billion}} (FY 2023)<ref name="Consolidated Financial Results For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023"/>|net_income={{increase}} {{yen|143&nbsp;billion}} (FY 2023)<ref name="Consolidated Financial Results For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023"/>|website={{URL|https://www.mazda.com/|mazda.com}}}}'''ບໍລິສັດ ມາສດ້າ ມໍເຕີ ຄອບໍເຣຊັນ''' (ຍີ່ປຸ່ນ: マツダ株式会社; Mazda Motor Corporation) ເປັນບໍລິສັດຜະລິດຍານຍົນຂ້າມຊາດຂອງຍີ່ປຸ່ນ ທີ່ມີສໍານັກງານໃຫຍ່ຕັ້ງຢູ່ເມືອງ Fuchū, [[ແຂວງຮິໂຣຊິມາ]], [[ປະເທດຍີ່ປຸ່ນ]].<ref>"[http://www.mazda.com/profile/group/offices.html Offices] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007211654/http://www.mazda.com/profile/group/offices.html|date=October 7, 2009}}."</ref> ບໍລິສັດກໍ່ຕັ້ງຂຶ້ນໃນວັນທີ 30 ມັງກອນ 1920 ໃນຊື່ ໂທໂຢ ຄອກ ໂຄງໂຍ ຈໍາກັດ (Toyo Cork Kogyo Co., Ltd.) ເປັນໂຮງງານຜະລິດໄມ້ກ໊ອກ ໂດຍ ເຈູຈິໂຣ ມັດສຶດະ.<ref name="History.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/japans-mazda-founded|title=Japan's Mazda founded|website=[[History (American TV network)|History]]|access-date=May 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308014023/https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/japans-mazda-founded|archive-date=March 8, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Mazda fête son centenaire en 2020 |url=https://www.largus.fr/actualite-automobile/mazda-fete-son-centenaire-en-2020-10227396.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409000332/https://www.largus.fr/actualite-automobile/mazda-fete-son-centenaire-en-2020-10227396.html |archive-date=April 9, 2023 |access-date=March 15, 2024 |newspaper=L'argus |location=France |language=French}}</ref> ຕໍ່ມາບໍລິສັດໄດ້ເຂົ້າຊື້ກິດຈະການຂອງ Abemaki Tree Cork Company.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mazda, un peu d'histoire|url=https://www.guideautoweb.com/articles/179/mazda-un-peu-d-histoire/|website=guide auto web|date=January 10, 2008|access-date=March 15, 2024|archive-date=March 15, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240315231611/https://www.guideautoweb.com/articles/179/mazda-un-peu-d-histoire/|url-status=live}}</ref> ໃນປີ 1927 ບໍລິສັດໄດ້ປ່ຽນຊື່ເປັນ Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. ແລະ ເລີ່ມຜະລິດຍານພາຫະນະໃນປີ 1931.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/en/about/museum/history/1931-1945/|title=History of Mazda 1931-1945|publisher=Mazda|access-date=April 27, 2023}}</ref> == ອ້າງອີງ == ohazbz66fuaym1l0w9pwy675blnau88 128394 128393 2026-06-19T05:43:54Z Randervik 18653 128394 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນ ບໍລິສັດ|name=ມາສດ້າ ມໍເຕີ ຄອບໍເຣຊັນ|native_name=マツダ株式会社|native_name_lang=ja|romanized_name=''Matsuda [[Kabushiki Gaisha]]''|logo=Mazda logo 2024 (vertical).svg|logo_size=150px|logo_caption=ໂລໂກ້ໃຊ້ຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2025|image=Mazda head office 20200607.JPG|image_size=250px|image_caption=Headquarters in [[Fuchū, Hiroshima (town)|Fuchū, Japan]] (2020)|type=[[Public company|Public]]|traded_as={{Tyo|7261}}|founded={{Start date and age|1920|1|30}}|founder=[[Jujiro Matsuda]]|hq_location=3-1 Shinchi|hq_location_city=[[Fuchū, Hiroshima (town)|Fuchū]], [[Hiroshima Prefecture]]|hq_location_country=Japan|area_served=Worldwide|key_people={{unbulleted indent list | Kiyotaka Shobuda {{small|(Chairman)}} | Masahiro Moro {{small|(President and CEO)}} }}|industry=[[Automotive industry|Automotive]]|num_employees=48,750 (2022)<ref name="Mazda Integrated Report 2022">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/annual/files/ir2022e_all.pdf|title=Mazda Integrated Report 2022|access-date=July 14, 2023|archive-date=April 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406044758/https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/annual/files/ir2022e_all.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>|owners={{unbulleted list | [[The Master Trust Bank of Japan]] (15.4%) | [[Custody Bank of Japan Ltd.]] (5.9%) | [[Toyota|Toyota Motor Corporation]] (5.1%)<ref name="Stock Information">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/en/investors/stockinfo/situation|title=Stock Information|access-date=July 8, 2024|archive-date=July 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715011222/https://www.mazda.com/en/investors/stockinfo/situation|url-status=live}}</ref> }}|products=[[Motor vehicle]]s, [[List of Mazda engines|engines]]|production={{increase}} 1,219,139 vehicles (FY 2024)<ref name="FY24">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/content/dam/mazda/corporate/mazda-com/en/pdf/investors/library/result/2025/presentation20250512_e.pdf|title=Financial results for fiscal year March 2025|access-date=May 31, 2025| work=mazda.com}}</ref>|revenue={{increase}} {{yen|3.8&nbsp;trillion}} (FY 2023)<ref name="Consolidated Financial Results For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/result/files/result20230512_e.pdf|title=Consolidated Financial Results|access-date=July 14, 2023|work=mazda.com/en/investors|archive-date=July 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715011231/https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/result/files/result20230512_e.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>|operating_income={{increase}} {{yen|142&nbsp;billion}} (FY 2023)<ref name="Consolidated Financial Results For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023"/>|net_income={{increase}} {{yen|143&nbsp;billion}} (FY 2023)<ref name="Consolidated Financial Results For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023"/>|website={{URL|https://www.mazda.com/|mazda.com}}}}'''ບໍລິສັດ ມາສດ້າ ມໍເຕີ ຄອບໍເຣຊັນ''' ({{Langx|ja|マツダ株式会社}}; Mazda Motor Corporation) ເປັນບໍລິສັດຜະລິດຍານຍົນຂ້າມຊາດຂອງຍີ່ປຸ່ນ ທີ່ມີສໍານັກງານໃຫຍ່ຕັ້ງຢູ່ເມືອງ Fuchū, [[ແຂວງຮິໂຣຊິມາ]], [[ປະເທດຍີ່ປຸ່ນ]].<ref>"[http://www.mazda.com/profile/group/offices.html Offices] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007211654/http://www.mazda.com/profile/group/offices.html|date=October 7, 2009}}."</ref> ບໍລິສັດກໍ່ຕັ້ງຂຶ້ນໃນວັນທີ 30 ມັງກອນ 1920 ໃນຊື່ ໂທໂຢ ຄອກ ໂຄງໂຍ ຈໍາກັດ (Toyo Cork Kogyo Co., Ltd.) ເປັນໂຮງງານຜະລິດໄມ້ກ໊ອກ ໂດຍ ເຈູຈິໂຣ ມັດສຶດະ.<ref name="History.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/japans-mazda-founded|title=Japan's Mazda founded|website=[[History (American TV network)|History]]|access-date=May 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308014023/https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/japans-mazda-founded|archive-date=March 8, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Mazda fête son centenaire en 2020 |url=https://www.largus.fr/actualite-automobile/mazda-fete-son-centenaire-en-2020-10227396.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409000332/https://www.largus.fr/actualite-automobile/mazda-fete-son-centenaire-en-2020-10227396.html |archive-date=April 9, 2023 |access-date=March 15, 2024 |newspaper=L'argus |location=France |language=French}}</ref> ຕໍ່ມາບໍລິສັດໄດ້ເຂົ້າຊື້ກິດຈະການຂອງ Abemaki Tree Cork Company.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mazda, un peu d'histoire|url=https://www.guideautoweb.com/articles/179/mazda-un-peu-d-histoire/|website=guide auto web|date=January 10, 2008|access-date=March 15, 2024|archive-date=March 15, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240315231611/https://www.guideautoweb.com/articles/179/mazda-un-peu-d-histoire/|url-status=live}}</ref> ໃນປີ 1927 ບໍລິສັດໄດ້ປ່ຽນຊື່ເປັນ Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. ແລະ ເລີ່ມຜະລິດຍານພາຫະນະໃນປີ 1931.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/en/about/museum/history/1931-1945/|title=History of Mazda 1931-1945|publisher=Mazda|access-date=April 27, 2023}}</ref> == ອ້າງອີງ == nd6kd3ynn5scecm4dul3ojubvq2haal 128395 128394 2026-06-19T05:44:58Z Randervik 18653 128395 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນ ບໍລິສັດ|name=ມາສດ້າ ມໍເຕີ ຄອບໍເຣຊັນ|native_name=マツダ株式会社|native_name_lang=ja|romanized_name=''Matsuda [[Kabushiki Gaisha]]''|logo=Mazda logo 2024 (vertical).svg|logo_size=150px|logo_caption=ໂລໂກ້ໃຊ້ຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2025|image=Mazda head office 20200607.JPG|image_size=250px|image_caption=Headquarters in [[Fuchū, Hiroshima (town)|Fuchū, Japan]] (2020)|type=[[Public company|Public]]|traded_as={{Tyo|7261}}|founded={{Start date and age|1920|1|30}}|founder=[[Jujiro Matsuda]]|hq_location=3-1 Shinchi|hq_location_city=[[Fuchū, Hiroshima (town)|Fuchū]], [[Hiroshima Prefecture]]|hq_location_country=Japan|area_served=Worldwide|key_people={{unbulleted indent list | Kiyotaka Shobuda {{small|(Chairman)}} | Masahiro Moro {{small|(President and CEO)}} }}|industry=[[Automotive industry|Automotive]]|num_employees=48,750 (2022)<ref name="Mazda Integrated Report 2022">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/annual/files/ir2022e_all.pdf|title=Mazda Integrated Report 2022|access-date=July 14, 2023|archive-date=April 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406044758/https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/annual/files/ir2022e_all.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>|owners={{unbulleted list | [[The Master Trust Bank of Japan]] (15.4%) | [[Custody Bank of Japan Ltd.]] (5.9%) | [[Toyota|Toyota Motor Corporation]] (5.1%)<ref name="Stock Information">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/en/investors/stockinfo/situation|title=Stock Information|access-date=July 8, 2024|archive-date=July 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715011222/https://www.mazda.com/en/investors/stockinfo/situation|url-status=live}}</ref> }}|products=[[Motor vehicle]]s, [[List of Mazda engines|engines]]|production={{increase}} 1,219,139 vehicles (FY 2024)<ref name="FY24">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/content/dam/mazda/corporate/mazda-com/en/pdf/investors/library/result/2025/presentation20250512_e.pdf|title=Financial results for fiscal year March 2025|access-date=May 31, 2025| work=mazda.com}}</ref>|revenue={{increase}} {{yen|3.8&nbsp;trillion}} (FY 2023)<ref name="Consolidated Financial Results For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/result/files/result20230512_e.pdf|title=Consolidated Financial Results|access-date=July 14, 2023|work=mazda.com/en/investors|archive-date=July 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715011231/https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/result/files/result20230512_e.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>|operating_income={{increase}} {{yen|142&nbsp;billion}} (FY 2023)<ref name="Consolidated Financial Results For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023"/>|net_income={{increase}} {{yen|143&nbsp;billion}} (FY 2023)<ref name="Consolidated Financial Results For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023"/>|website={{URL|https://www.mazda.com/|mazda.com}}}}'''ບໍລິສັດ ມາສດ້າ ມໍເຕີ ຄອບໍເຣຊັນ''' ({{Langx|ja|マツダ株式会社}}; ''Matsuda Kabushiki gaisha'') ເປັນບໍລິສັດຜະລິດຍານຍົນຂ້າມຊາດຂອງຍີ່ປຸ່ນ ທີ່ມີສໍານັກງານໃຫຍ່ຕັ້ງຢູ່ເມືອງ Fuchū, [[ແຂວງຮິໂຣຊິມາ]], [[ປະເທດຍີ່ປຸ່ນ]].<ref>"[http://www.mazda.com/profile/group/offices.html Offices] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007211654/http://www.mazda.com/profile/group/offices.html|date=October 7, 2009}}."</ref> ບໍລິສັດກໍ່ຕັ້ງຂຶ້ນໃນວັນທີ 30 ມັງກອນ 1920 ໃນຊື່ ໂທໂຢ ຄອກ ໂຄງໂຍ ຈໍາກັດ (Toyo Cork Kogyo Co., Ltd.) ເປັນໂຮງງານຜະລິດໄມ້ກ໊ອກ ໂດຍ ເຈູຈິໂຣ ມັດສຶດະ.<ref name="History.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/japans-mazda-founded|title=Japan's Mazda founded|website=[[History (American TV network)|History]]|access-date=May 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308014023/https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/japans-mazda-founded|archive-date=March 8, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Mazda fête son centenaire en 2020 |url=https://www.largus.fr/actualite-automobile/mazda-fete-son-centenaire-en-2020-10227396.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409000332/https://www.largus.fr/actualite-automobile/mazda-fete-son-centenaire-en-2020-10227396.html |archive-date=April 9, 2023 |access-date=March 15, 2024 |newspaper=L'argus |location=France |language=French}}</ref> ຕໍ່ມາບໍລິສັດໄດ້ເຂົ້າຊື້ກິດຈະການຂອງ Abemaki Tree Cork Company.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mazda, un peu d'histoire|url=https://www.guideautoweb.com/articles/179/mazda-un-peu-d-histoire/|website=guide auto web|date=January 10, 2008|access-date=March 15, 2024|archive-date=March 15, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240315231611/https://www.guideautoweb.com/articles/179/mazda-un-peu-d-histoire/|url-status=live}}</ref> ໃນປີ 1927 ບໍລິສັດໄດ້ປ່ຽນຊື່ເປັນ Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. ແລະ ເລີ່ມຜະລິດຍານພາຫະນະໃນປີ 1931.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/en/about/museum/history/1931-1945/|title=History of Mazda 1931-1945|publisher=Mazda|access-date=April 27, 2023}}</ref> == ອ້າງອີງ == d8urmus0owqt0iac7zu48mk5ero8rdf 128396 128395 2026-06-19T05:53:05Z Randervik 18653 128396 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນ ບໍລິສັດ|name=ມາສດ້າ ມໍເຕີ ຄອບໍເຣຊັນ|native_name=マツダ株式会社|native_name_lang=ja|romanized_name=''Matsuda [[Kabushiki Gaisha]]''|logo=Mazda logo 2024 (vertical).svg|logo_size=150px|logo_caption=ໂລໂກ້ໃຊ້ຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2025|image=Mazda head office 20200607.JPG|image_size=250px|image_caption=ສໍານັກງານໃຫຍ່ຂອງມາສດ້າທີ່ເມືອງຟຸຈູ, [[ປະເທດຍີ່ປຸ່ນ]] (2020)|type=[[ບໍລິສັດສາທາລະນະ|ສາທາລະນະ]]|traded_as={{Tyo|7261}}|founded={{Start date and age|1920|1|30}}|founder=[[Jujiro Matsuda]]|hq_location=3-1 Shinchi|hq_location_city=[[Fuchū, Hiroshima (town)|Fuchū]], [[ແຂວງຮິໂຣຊິມາ]]|hq_location_country=ຍີ່ປຸ່ນ|area_served=ທົ່ວໂລກ|key_people={{unbulleted indent list | Kiyotaka Shobuda {{small|(ປະທານ)}} | Masahiro Moro {{small|(ປະທານ ແລະ CEO)}} }}|industry=[[ອຸດສາຫະກໍາລົດຍົນ|ລົດຍົນ]]|num_employees=48,750 (2022)<ref name="Mazda Integrated Report 2022">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/annual/files/ir2022e_all.pdf|title=Mazda Integrated Report 2022|access-date=July 14, 2023|archive-date=April 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406044758/https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/annual/files/ir2022e_all.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>|owners={{unbulleted list | [[The Master Trust Bank of Japan]] (15.4%) | [[Custody Bank of Japan Ltd.]] (5.9%) | [[Toyota|Toyota Motor Corporation]] (5.1%)<ref name="Stock Information">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/en/investors/stockinfo/situation|title=Stock Information|access-date=July 8, 2024|archive-date=July 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715011222/https://www.mazda.com/en/investors/stockinfo/situation|url-status=live}}</ref> }}|products=ຍານພາຫະນະ ແລະ ເຄື່ອງຈັກ|production={{increase}} 1,219,139 vehicles (FY 2024)<ref name="FY24">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/content/dam/mazda/corporate/mazda-com/en/pdf/investors/library/result/2025/presentation20250512_e.pdf|title=Financial results for fiscal year March 2025|access-date=May 31, 2025| work=mazda.com}}</ref>|revenue={{increase}} {{yen|3.8&nbsp;trillion}} (FY 2023)<ref name="Consolidated Financial Results For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/result/files/result20230512_e.pdf|title=Consolidated Financial Results|access-date=July 14, 2023|work=mazda.com/en/investors|archive-date=July 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715011231/https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/result/files/result20230512_e.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>|operating_income={{increase}} {{yen|142&nbsp;billion}} (FY 2023)<ref name="Consolidated Financial Results For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023"/>|net_income={{increase}} {{yen|143&nbsp;billion}} (FY 2023)<ref name="Consolidated Financial Results For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023"/>|website={{URL|https://www.mazda.com/|mazda.com}}}}'''ບໍລິສັດ ມາສດ້າ ມໍເຕີ ຄອບໍເຣຊັນ''' ({{Langx|ja|マツダ株式会社}}; ''Matsuda Kabushiki gaisha'') ເປັນບໍລິສັດຜະລິດຍານຍົນຂ້າມຊາດຂອງຍີ່ປຸ່ນ ທີ່ມີສໍານັກງານໃຫຍ່ຕັ້ງຢູ່ເມືອງ Fuchū, [[ແຂວງຮິໂຣຊິມາ]], [[ປະເທດຍີ່ປຸ່ນ]].<ref>"[http://www.mazda.com/profile/group/offices.html Offices] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007211654/http://www.mazda.com/profile/group/offices.html|date=October 7, 2009}}."</ref> ບໍລິສັດກໍ່ຕັ້ງຂຶ້ນໃນວັນທີ 30 ມັງກອນ 1920 ໃນຊື່ ໂທໂຢ ຄອກ ໂຄງໂຍ ຈໍາກັດ (Toyo Cork Kogyo Co., Ltd.) ເປັນໂຮງງານຜະລິດໄມ້ກ໊ອກ ໂດຍ ເຈູຈິໂຣ ມັດສຶດະ.<ref name="History.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/japans-mazda-founded|title=Japan's Mazda founded|website=[[History (American TV network)|History]]|access-date=May 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308014023/https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/japans-mazda-founded|archive-date=March 8, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Mazda fête son centenaire en 2020 |url=https://www.largus.fr/actualite-automobile/mazda-fete-son-centenaire-en-2020-10227396.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409000332/https://www.largus.fr/actualite-automobile/mazda-fete-son-centenaire-en-2020-10227396.html |archive-date=April 9, 2023 |access-date=March 15, 2024 |newspaper=L'argus |location=France |language=French}}</ref> ຕໍ່ມາບໍລິສັດໄດ້ເຂົ້າຊື້ກິດຈະການຂອງ Abemaki Tree Cork Company.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mazda, un peu d'histoire|url=https://www.guideautoweb.com/articles/179/mazda-un-peu-d-histoire/|website=guide auto web|date=January 10, 2008|access-date=March 15, 2024|archive-date=March 15, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240315231611/https://www.guideautoweb.com/articles/179/mazda-un-peu-d-histoire/|url-status=live}}</ref> ໃນປີ 1927 ບໍລິສັດໄດ້ປ່ຽນຊື່ເປັນ Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. ແລະ ເລີ່ມຜະລິດຍານພາຫະນະໃນປີ 1931.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/en/about/museum/history/1931-1945/|title=History of Mazda 1931-1945|publisher=Mazda|access-date=April 27, 2023}}</ref> == ອ້າງອີງ == qxnlj18oafjt5lexoyzi262sriw4xgv 128397 128396 2026-06-19T05:54:34Z Randervik 18653 128397 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ຂະຫຍາຍ}}{{ກ່ອງຂໍ້ມູນ ບໍລິສັດ|name=ມາສດ້າ ມໍເຕີ ຄອບໍເຣຊັນ|native_name=マツダ株式会社|native_name_lang=ja|romanized_name=''Matsuda [[Kabushiki Gaisha]]''|logo=Mazda logo 2024 (vertical).svg|logo_size=150px|logo_caption=ໂລໂກ້ໃຊ້ຕັ້ງແຕ່ປີ 2025|image=Mazda head office 20200607.JPG|image_size=250px|image_caption=ສໍານັກງານໃຫຍ່ຂອງມາສດ້າທີ່ເມືອງຟຸຈູ, [[ປະເທດຍີ່ປຸ່ນ]] (2020)|type=[[ບໍລິສັດສາທາລະນະ|ສາທາລະນະ]]|traded_as={{Tyo|7261}}|founded={{Start date and age|1920|1|30}}|founder=[[Jujiro Matsuda]]|hq_location=3-1 Shinchi|hq_location_city=[[Fuchū, Hiroshima (town)|Fuchū]], [[ແຂວງຮິໂຣຊິມາ]]|hq_location_country=ຍີ່ປຸ່ນ|area_served=ທົ່ວໂລກ|key_people={{unbulleted indent list | Kiyotaka Shobuda {{small|(ປະທານ)}} | Masahiro Moro {{small|(ປະທານ ແລະ CEO)}} }}|industry=[[ອຸດສາຫະກໍາລົດຍົນ|ລົດຍົນ]]|num_employees=48,750 (2022)<ref name="Mazda Integrated Report 2022">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/annual/files/ir2022e_all.pdf|title=Mazda Integrated Report 2022|access-date=July 14, 2023|archive-date=April 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406044758/https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/annual/files/ir2022e_all.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>|owners={{unbulleted list | [[The Master Trust Bank of Japan]] (15.4%) | [[Custody Bank of Japan Ltd.]] (5.9%) | [[Toyota|Toyota Motor Corporation]] (5.1%)<ref name="Stock Information">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/en/investors/stockinfo/situation|title=Stock Information|access-date=July 8, 2024|archive-date=July 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715011222/https://www.mazda.com/en/investors/stockinfo/situation|url-status=live}}</ref> }}|products=ຍານພາຫະນະ ແລະ ເຄື່ອງຈັກ|production={{increase}} 1,219,139 vehicles (FY 2024)<ref name="FY24">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/content/dam/mazda/corporate/mazda-com/en/pdf/investors/library/result/2025/presentation20250512_e.pdf|title=Financial results for fiscal year March 2025|access-date=May 31, 2025| work=mazda.com}}</ref>|revenue={{increase}} {{yen|3.8&nbsp;trillion}} (FY 2023)<ref name="Consolidated Financial Results For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023">{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/result/files/result20230512_e.pdf|title=Consolidated Financial Results|access-date=July 14, 2023|work=mazda.com/en/investors|archive-date=July 15, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230715011231/https://www.mazda.com/globalassets/en/assets/investors/library/result/files/result20230512_e.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>|operating_income={{increase}} {{yen|142&nbsp;billion}} (FY 2023)<ref name="Consolidated Financial Results For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023"/>|net_income={{increase}} {{yen|143&nbsp;billion}} (FY 2023)<ref name="Consolidated Financial Results For the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2023"/>|website={{URL|https://www.mazda.com/|mazda.com}}}}'''ບໍລິສັດ ມາສດ້າ ມໍເຕີ ຄອບໍເຣຊັນ''' ({{Langx|ja|マツダ株式会社}}; ''Matsuda Kabushiki gaisha'') ເປັນບໍລິສັດຜະລິດຍານຍົນຂ້າມຊາດຂອງຍີ່ປຸ່ນ ທີ່ມີສໍານັກງານໃຫຍ່ຕັ້ງຢູ່ເມືອງ Fuchū, [[ແຂວງຮິໂຣຊິມາ]], [[ປະເທດຍີ່ປຸ່ນ]].<ref>"[http://www.mazda.com/profile/group/offices.html Offices] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007211654/http://www.mazda.com/profile/group/offices.html|date=October 7, 2009}}."</ref> ບໍລິສັດກໍ່ຕັ້ງຂຶ້ນໃນວັນທີ 30 ມັງກອນ 1920 ໃນຊື່ ໂທໂຢ ຄອກ ໂຄງໂຍ ຈໍາກັດ (Toyo Cork Kogyo Co., Ltd.) ເປັນໂຮງງານຜະລິດໄມ້ກ໊ອກ ໂດຍ ເຈູຈິໂຣ ມັດສຶດະ.<ref name="History.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/japans-mazda-founded|title=Japan's Mazda founded|website=[[History (American TV network)|History]]|access-date=May 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308014023/https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/japans-mazda-founded|archive-date=March 8, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Mazda fête son centenaire en 2020 |url=https://www.largus.fr/actualite-automobile/mazda-fete-son-centenaire-en-2020-10227396.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230409000332/https://www.largus.fr/actualite-automobile/mazda-fete-son-centenaire-en-2020-10227396.html |archive-date=April 9, 2023 |access-date=March 15, 2024 |newspaper=L'argus |location=France |language=French}}</ref> ຕໍ່ມາບໍລິສັດໄດ້ເຂົ້າຊື້ກິດຈະການຂອງ Abemaki Tree Cork Company.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mazda, un peu d'histoire|url=https://www.guideautoweb.com/articles/179/mazda-un-peu-d-histoire/|website=guide auto web|date=January 10, 2008|access-date=March 15, 2024|archive-date=March 15, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240315231611/https://www.guideautoweb.com/articles/179/mazda-un-peu-d-histoire/|url-status=live}}</ref> ໃນປີ 1927 ບໍລິສັດໄດ້ປ່ຽນຊື່ເປັນ Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. ແລະ ເລີ່ມຜະລິດຍານພາຫະນະໃນປີ 1931.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mazda.com/en/about/museum/history/1931-1945/|title=History of Mazda 1931-1945|publisher=Mazda|access-date=April 27, 2023}}</ref> == ອ້າງອີງ == 9e4fn7qjl8pugayk57djo1giaoo28p1