Wikiphidiya nrwiki https://nr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.45.0-wmf.6 first-letter Iinrhatjhi Khethekileko Asiqongelane Umsebenzisi Umsebenzisi asiqongelane Wikiphidiya Wikiphidiya asiqongelane Isimumathi Isimumathi asiqongelane MediaWiki MediaWiki asiqongelane Umhlahlandlelasakhiwo Umhlahlandlelasakhiwo asiqongelane Lisizo Lisizo asiqongelane Mkhakha Mkhakha asiqongelane TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk 2 572 3207 2848 2025-06-23T12:09:13Z Mosakaruka 586 Replaced content with "== Draft Space 1 == <references />" 3207 wikitext text/x-wiki == Draft Space 1 == <references /> lsnbttdwr4rhff0c1htz25o0xw6edva 3208 3207 2025-06-23T14:53:18Z Mosakaruka 586 New article 3208 wikitext text/x-wiki == Draft Space 1 == == U-Hector Pieterson == '''UZolile Hector Pieterson''' bekaneminyaka eli-12 lokha nakazakubulawa mapholisa womBuso weBandlululo ngomhlaka-16 kuMgwengweni 1976. Lokhu kwenzeke ngesikhathi abantwana babantu abanzima benza umtjhagalo e-Soweto, balwela ukukhitjhwa kwemithethokambiso enganabulungisa nokuthi isiBhuru kufuze singasabi lilimi okufundiswa ngalo zoke iimfundo esikolweni sabanzima. Isithombe sokufa kwakhe esidumileko esatjhudwa nguSam Nzima senza iphasi loke lawuqala ngamanye amehlo umBuso weBandlululo. U-Hector Pieterson noHastings Ndlovu, naye obekamfundi, baba bantwana bokuthoma ukubulawa emTjhagalweni we-Soweto.<ref>Ernest Leong, J.E. Luebering (2025), ''Hector Pieterson'', Encyclopedia Britannica, retrieved at: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hector-Pieterson Retrieved 23-06-2025.</ref> == Umlando Ka-Hector Pieterson == UZolile Hector Pieterson wabelethwa ngo-1963 abelethwa nguDorothy Molefi unina, noyise uVivian Pieterson. Wabelethelwa bewakhuliselwa e-Soweto eSewula Afrika. Nanyana bekunguye omsana kunina, bekanabodadwabo abane, abanye u-Antoinette Sithole noSina Molefi abeze nonina, bese uLulu Pieterson angudadwabo kubabelethi bobabili. Ngokwalokho unina akutjhoko ngaye, uthi u-Hector bekamsanyana othandekako othanda ukumomotheka, amsana othanda amahlaya ahlakaniphile. Yena nodadwabo u-Antoinette bebangena isikolo sinye. Nanyana ngiliphi ibhudango ebekanalo ngengomuso lakhe latjhabalala mhla kuhlelwa ijima lomtjhagalo ngo-1976.<ref>Briefly Website, (2025), Hector Pieterson: The untold truth of the 1976 Soweto Uprising - Written on 17-06-2021, Retrieved from: https://briefly.co.za/31902-hector-pieterson-untold-truth-symbol-1976-soweto-uprising.html Retrieved on 23-06-2025.</ref> == Isizathu Somtjhagalo We-Soweto == Umtjhagalo we-Soweto ngesikhuwa owaziwa ngokuthi yi-''Soweto Uprising'' wathoma ngomhlaka-16 kaMgwengweni 1976. Isizathu sokuba khona komtjhagalo lo kukwethulwa kwesiBhuru njengelimi okuzokufundwa ngalo zoke iimfundo eenkolweni zabantu abanzima. Abantwana abaziinkulungwana ezimatjhumi amabili (20 000) bahlanganyela emtjhagalweni lo. U-Hector nodadwabo u-Antoinette Sithole bebahlangana nesibalweso. Amapholisa womBuso webandlululo athuthumbisa iinkule nama-''teargas,'' kwafa isibalo sabantwana esingaba likhulu namatjhumi alikhomba nesithandathu (176). Kusolelwa bona abantwana abafa mhlokho bangaphezu kwesibalwesi.<ref>Zinn Education Project (2025), ''June 16, 1976: Soweto Uprising,'' Retrieved at: https://www.zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/soweto-uprising/ Retreived on 23-06-2025.</ref> Nasizokuzwisisa bona izenzakalo zango-1976 zenzeka njani, kufuze sizwisise bona umsuka wazo uza njani. Ekuthomeni kwabo-1970, umnotho enarheni le bewusezingeni eliphasi, amanani wokuthenga izinto ezitlhogekako bekaphezulu, nemisebenzi iyindlala. Ngaphezu kwalokho bekunabantu abanengi abasuka eendaweni zemakhaya abeza bazokuhlala emalokitjhini ngebanga lokufuna amadlelo alihlaza. Ngebanga lalokho amalokitjhi besele anesibalo esikhulu sabantu abavela eendaweni ezinengi, bese lokho kwenza neensetjenziswa zaba zincani. Lokhu kwabangela abantu bona bahlangahlangane bebathukuthele njengombana izinga lokuphila sele lehle khulu. Kodwana lokho khenge kube semtarini bekwaba kulapho kuthoma umtjhagalo wabantwana besikolo. <ref name=":0">South African History Archive (SAHA), (2025), ''The Youth take charge: the Soweto Uprising of June 1976'', Retrieved from: https://www.saha.org.za/youth/bantu_education.htm Retrived on 23-06-2025.</ref> Abantwana besikolo bangesikhatheso besele bangasanalo ithemba ngengomuso. Iinkumba zokufundela bezizele swi ngabangafundi, zinganazo iintlabagelo ezaneleko zokufunda, begodu abotitjhere nabazakulawula kuhle abantwana bekufuze babakhalime budisi ngokubabetha nangokubajezisa ngezinye iindlela ezibudisi. Kuncani khulu ebekufundwa esikolweni ngesikhatheso. Ngaphezu kwalokho ngo-1975, urhulumende wangaleso sikhathi wangezelela ebudisini ebebaqalene nabo ngokuthatha isiqunto sokuthi isiBhuru kube lilimi okuzokufundwa ngalo iimfundo esikolweni, okutjho bona ingcenye yeemfundo ezifundwako kufuze zifundiswe ngesiBhuru.<ref name=":0" /> Ukufundiswa kweemfundo ngesiBhuru kwaletha ihlekelele ekabili. Kokuthoma abotitjhere bebangakghoni ukufundisa ngesiBhuru, ngapha nabafundi bangakghoni ukulikhuluma kuhle ilimeli, okutjho bona abafundi bebazokufeyila iimvivinyo zabo, bese babe bomahlalela bangawufumani umsebenzi. Okwesibili isiBhuru besiqalwa njengelimi labagqilazi, okwenza abantwana banyanya ukulikhuluma. Ngaphezu kobana kuthethe iinyanga abazali bafake iimbawo namahlongozo ngendaba le, umBuso waragela phambili nesiqunto sawo. Kwathi ekuthomeni kwango-1976 abafundi bathoma ukuhlela amajima wokulwisana nesiBhuru, nanyana kunjalo urhulumende waqinisa ihloko, wala ukulalela iinghonghoyilo zabo. Ngebanga lalokho, iinkulungwana zabafundi e-Soweto zamatjhela e-Orlando Stadium ngomhlaka-16 kaMngwengweni 1976, okukulapho bebaletha khona isinghonghoyilo sabo ngesiBhuru.<ref name=":0" /> Kunokuthi kulalelwe iinghonghoyilo zabafundaba, amapholisa womBuso weBandlululo wathoma ukudumuza abafundi. U-Hector Pieterson waba ngewokuthoma ukudumuzeka bewafa. Amapholisa araga nokudumuza abafundi, kodwana lokho khenge kubajamise abafundi ekutjhagaleni. Kunalokho, ukubulawa kuka-Hector kwabenza baqunga isibindi sokuraga nomtjhagalo. Baqalana namapholisa, bebatjhisa nama-ofisi we-''West Rand Administration Board (WRAB),'' ebebayiqala njengetshwayo lokugqilazwa nokugandelelwa. Batjhisa bebatjhisa neengodi phola okuziindawo ebeziqalwa njengamahlelo karhulumende wokuqeda isimilo sabantu abanzima.<ref name=":0" /> Naynyana urhulumende webandlululo athumela amasotja eSoweto bona bayokujamisa umtjhagalo lo, abantu baraga nawo bekwaba ziinyanga ezintathu zoke. Izenzo zabo zabasela abanye abantu abatjha kiyo yoke inarha, kwavuka imitjhagalo emalokitjhini enarheni yoke. Abantu abatjha abangaba makhulu amathathu (300) babhubha, abaziinkulungwana ezimbili (2000) balimala. Boke abafundaba - kuhlanganise no-Hector Pietersen babhadela ngepilwabo ekuthuthukiseni ifundo yabantu abanzima. == Iinkhombo == <references /> 6uokpw77ff7vz0njnoh3xien66vs03y 0 604 3206 3156 2025-06-23T12:01:22Z Mosakaruka 586 3206 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Isimumathi:Flag of South Africa.svg|thumb|Iflarha leSewula Afrika]] '''Inarha yeSewula Afrika''' yinarha enabantu abanamasiko nabaneenzinda ezihlukahlukeneko, nabakhuluma amalimi ahlukahlukeneko. Inengi labantu enarheni le lisesiqhemeni sokuthoma sabantu abakhuluma amalimi angaphasi kwesiNguni, okusiZulu, isiXhosa, [[Isindebele|isiNdebele]] nesiSwati. Bese isiqhema sesibili ngobukhulu ngesikhuluma amalimi we-Sesotho, Setswana, Sepedi. Bese kunesiqhema esikhuluma i-Xitsonga nesiqhema esikhuluma i-Tshivenda.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-05-14|title=South Africa - Languages, Dialects, Afrikaans {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/South-Africa/Languages|access-date=2025-05-15|website=www.britannica.com|language=en}}</ref> Ngaphezu kwamalimi abaliweko la kunamalimi ahlobene nawo. Ngokwesibonelo, esiNdebeleni kunesiNala, nesiNdebele seMoletlane.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Ndebele people, traditions culture|url=https://www.africancraftsmarket.com/african-tribes/ndebele-people.html|access-date=2025-05-15|website=www.africancraftsmarket.com}}</ref> EsiXhoseni kube nesiNgqika, isiThembu, isiBhaca, isiGcaleka, isiMpondo, isiMpondomise, isiMfengu nesiBomvana.<ref>{{Cite web|title=XHOSA - South African Language Xhosa|url=https://www.sa-venues.com/language-xhosa.htm#:~:text=Xhosa%20has%20been%20grouped%20into,yet%20pretty-sounding,%20language.|access-date=2025-05-15|website=www.sa-venues.com}}</ref> Kusese nelimi lesiThwa elibandaka isi-Khoe, isi-Tu isi-Kx'a, namanye amalimi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=AFRICA {{!}} 101 Last Tribes - San people|url=https://www.101lasttribes.com/tribes/san.html|access-date=2025-05-15|website=www.101lasttribes.com}}</ref> Bese isiSwati kunesikhulunywa eManzini, esikhulunywa eShiselweni, nesikhulunywa eHhoho.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|last=web-lingo|date=2013-01-07|title=SA’s Eleven Official Languages: SiSwati|url=https://web-lingo.com/sas-eleven-official-languages-siswati/#:~:text=Swazi%20is%20most%20closely%20related,considered%20closer%20to%20standard%20Swazi.|access-date=2025-05-15|website=Web-lingo|language=en-ZA}}</ref> IsiPedi naso sinamalinyana angaphasi kwaso anjengesiTlokwa nesiLobedu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=free online course|url=https://www.unisa.ac.za/static/corporate_web/Content/UnisaOpen/freeOnlineCourse/nSotho/nSotho.html#:~:text=Northern%20Sotho%20is%20based%20mainly,(Cf.|access-date=2025-05-15|website=www.unisa.ac.za}}</ref> Bese kube namalimi angasiwo wendabuko, namkha amalimi wesikhuwa akhulunywako njengesiNgisi nesiBhuru. Woke amalimi la namanye angakabalwa lapha malimi akhulunywa babantu beSewula Afrika. == Amalimi Asemthethweni == Amalimi aseMthethweni eSewula Afrika siNdebele, isiZulu, isiSwati, isiXhosa, i-Sepedi, i-Sesotho, i-Setswana, i-Tshivenda, ne-Xitsonga okumalimi wendabuko, bese kuba siBhuru nesiNgisi. Ithebula elingenzasi litjengisa isibalo sabantu abakhuluma amalimi asemthethweni eSewula Afrika namaphesente wabalikhulumako esibalweni sabo boke abantu abahlala eSewula Afrika ngokweembalobalo zango-2022.<ref name=":1">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_South_Africa#cite_note-EthnologueZA-7</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" |+ ! rowspan="2" |Ilimi ! colspan="2" |Ilimi lebele<ref name=":1" /> ! colspan="2" |Ilimi lesibili<ref name=":1" /> ! colspan="2" |Ilimi lesithathu<ref name=":1" /> |- !Isibalo !Amaphesente !Isibalo !Amaphesente !Isibalo !Amaphesente |- |IsiZulu |11,587,374 |22.7% |15,700,000 |30.8% |27,300,000 |46% |- |IsiXhosa |8,154,258 |16.0% |11,000,000 |21.6% |19,150,000 |33% |- |Tshivenda |1,209,388 |2.4% |1,700,000 |3.3% |2,910,000 |5% |- |Setswana |4,067,248 |8.0% |7,700,000 |15.1% |11,770,000 |20% |- |Xitsonga |2,277,148 |4.5% |3,400,000 |6.6% |5,680,000 |10% |- |IsiSwati |1,297,046 |2.5% |2,400,000 |4.7% |3,700,000 |6% |- |Sesotho |3,849,563 |7.6% |7,900,000 |15.5% |11,750,000 |20% |- |Sepedi |4,618,576 |9.1% |9,100,000 |17.8% |13,720,000 |23% |- |IsiNdebele |1,090,223 |2.1% |1,400,000 |2.7% |2,490,000 |4% |- |IsiNgisi |4,892,623 |9.6% |14,000,000 |27.4% |19,640,000 |33% |- |IsiBhuru |6,855,082 |13.5% |10,300,000 |20.2% |17,160,000 |29% |- |Ilimi Lezandla le-SA |234,655 |0.5% |500,000 |1.0% |834,655 |1.5% |- |Amanye Amalimi |828,258 |1.6% | | | | |- |'''Isibalo Sisoke''' |'''50,961,443''' |'''100.0%''' | | | | |} == IsiNdebele == [[Isimumathi:Ndebele_women-1.jpg|thumb|Abomma bamaNdebele]] IsiNdebele seSewula Afrika ngelinye lamalimi akhulunywa enarheni le. Isizathu sokuthi kuthiwe siNdebele seSewula Afrika kukuthi kunesiNdebele seZimbabwe.<ref>{{Cite web|last=web-lingo|date=2012-10-19|title=Ndebele: What is Ndebele?|url=https://web-lingo.com/ndebele-what-is-ndebele/#:~:text=Northern%20Ndebele,%20or%20Matabele,%20or,nineteenth%20century%20during%20the%20Mfecane.|access-date=2025-05-15|website=Web-lingo|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Ngokwethebula elingehla, abantu abakhuluma isiNdebele - abasimunyileko, okulilimi lesibili nalabo okulilimi lesithathu kibo - bangaphezu kweengidi ezine. Ilimeli likhulunywa khulukhulu esifundeni seMpumalanga eendaweni ezinjengaKwaNdebele, eMalahleni, e-Middleburg, e-Belfast, kwaDlawulale nakezinye iindawo njengesiFunda seLimpopo.I siNdebele esisemthethweni siNzunza, kodwana kusese nesiNdebele sakwaManala nesiNdebele seMoletlane.<ref name=":0" /> AmaNdebele aziwa njengesitjhaba esithanda imibala emihle nekhanyako ongayibona endleleni abambatha ngayo nabenza ngayo imigwalo yabo. AmaNdebele bekangaphasi kwesiqhema sabaMbo ngaphambi kobana sizijamele ngaphasi kweNgwenyama uNdebele. Ngikho namhlanjesi kunezici ezifanako phakathi kwelimi lesiNdebele nelimi lesiHlubi, isiBhaca, isiMpondo nesiMpondomise. Ngemva kwesikhathi uNdebele wabeletha uMkhalangana owabeletha umNtungwa. Ngemva kwesikhathi umNtungwa wabeletha uNjonono. UNjonono wabeletha uNanasi, uNanasi wabeletha uMafana. UMafana wabeletha uMhlanga owabeletha uMusi. Kusesikhathini seNgwenyama uMusi lapha amaNdebele ahlukana khona waba maNzunza namaNala. AmaNdebele akheka ngaleyondlela sele ahlala eSewula Afrika nje.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Ndebele_language</ref> == IsiSwati == [[Isimumathi:Indoni_Parade_2018._Swati_Kingdom_by_Sizwe_Sibiya_(10).jpg|thumb|AmaSwati]] IsiSwati sikhulunywa eenarheni ezimbili, eSewula Afrika neSwatini. Ngokwethebula elingehla abantu abakhuluma isiSwati eSewula Afrika bangaphezu kweengidi ezilikhomba.<ref name=":1" /> KunesiSwati esikhulunywa eSwatini kwaManzini, eShiselweni neHhoho.<ref name=":2" /> Abantu abakhuluma isiSwati eSwatini babalelwa eengidini ezine.<ref name=":3">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zulu_language</ref> AmaSwati bewasiqhenyana esincani sabeNguni ebesaziwa bona Mangwane. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi isiqhemesi sahlangana nesiqhenyana sabeSuthu ebesihlala endaweni namhlanjesi ebizwa bona kuseSwatini. Ngemva kwalokho bakhula baba sisizwe ngaphasi kweNgwenyama uDlamini III eyathatha iintambo eNgwenyameni uMaseko, yathatha isitjhaba yayosinzinzisa ngasemlanjeni iPongola bahlala eduze namaNdwandwe ngo-1750. UDlamini III walandelwa yiNgwenyama uNgwane III okukholelwa bona nguye owaba yiNgwenyama yokuthoma eyabusa indawo namhlanjesi ebizwa bona kuseSwatini.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swazi_people</ref> == IsiZulu == [[Isimumathi:Zulu_Krieger.jpg|thumb|Abobaba bamaZulu bayagida]] IsiZulu ngelinye lamalimi adumileko asemthethweni eSewula Afrika elikhulunywa babantu ababgaogezu kweengidi ezimatjhumi amahlanu, kuthi labo abalimunyileko bangaphezu kweengidi ezilitjhumi nanye.<ref name=":1" /> IsiZulu sikhulunywa khulu KwaZulu Natal, esiFundeni se-Gauteng nakezinye iimfunda. Umuntu owadlala indima ekulu ekwakhekeni kwesitjhaba samaZulu yiNgwenyama uShaka. UShaka walwa neentjhaba ezincani nezikulu zabeNguni kuhlanganise namaNdwandwe wazihlula. Ngemva kwalokho wazibiza ngoZulu obekangukhokho omkhulu wesitjhaba abelethelwa kiso. Iintjhabezi zahlangana kwavela ilimi lesiZulu.<ref name=":3" /> == IsiXhosa == [[Isimumathi:Xhosa_traditionally_dressed_women.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Abomma bamaXhosa]] IsiXhosa naso singelinye lamalimi weSewula Afrika asemthethweni. IsiXhosa sikhulunywa babantu abangaphezu kweengidi ezimatjhumi amathathu nobunane, kuthi labo okulilimi labo lokubelethwa bangaphezu kweengidi ezibunane.<ref name=":1" /> IsiXhosa sikhulunywa khulukhulu esiFundeni seTjingalanga Kapa, eTlhagwini Kapa nesiFundeni se-Gauteng.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Alexander|first=Mary|date=2025-04-06|title=The languages of South Africa|url=https://southafrica-info.com/arts-culture/11-languages-south-africa/#:~:text=Among%20South%20Africa's%20population%20groups,),%20based%20on%20Census%202022.|access-date=2025-05-23|website=South Africa Gateway|language=en-GB}}</ref> Ekadeni bekuneenqhema zabeNguni ezakha ubuhlobo neentjhaba zabaThwa nabaKhwe (ama-''Khoekhoe''). Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi iintjhabezi zahlangana zaba sisizwe sinye ngaphasi kokubusa kweNgwenyama u-Tshawe owahlula isitjhaba sama-Cirha nama-Jwarha. Ngemva kwalokho wahlanganisa zoke iintjhaba ezincani kuhlanganise nesabaKhwe. Labeletheka njalo-ke ilimi lesiXhosa.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xhosa_people</ref> == I-Sesotho == [[Isimumathi:Sotho_regalia.jpg|thumb|Abobaba babeSuthu]] I-Sesotho lilimi elisemthethweni eSewula Afrika elikhunywa babantu abangaphezu kweengidi ezimatjhumi amabili nambili. Okulilmi labo abalimunyileko bangaphezu kweengidi ezintathu.<ref name=":1" /> I-Sesotho sikhulunywa khulu enarheni ye-Lesotho, kanti eSewula Afrikapha sikhulunywa khulukhulu esiFundeni se-Freestate, se-Gauteng. Umhlobo lo we-Sesotho ubizwa ngokobana yi-Sesotho seSewula ngombana uhlukaniswa ne-Sesotho seTlhagwini - i-Sepedi, ne-Sesotho seTjingalanga - i-Setwana. Emandulo abantwaba beza eSewula Afrika bavela etlhagwini njengezinye iintjhaba bafika bahlala etlhagwini yeSewula Afrika. Bafika baba ziinqhenyana ezinjengaba-Taung, aba-Sia, aba-Fokeng, ama-Kgolokoe nabaKwena nezinye iinqenyana. Kuhlekuhle umndeni webukhosini be-Lesotho mndeni wabaKwena. AbeSuthwaba ngibo-ke ababanikazi belimi le-Sesotho esikhulunywa eSewula Afrika ne-Lesotho.<ref>{{Cite web|title=SOUTHERN SESOTHO - South African Language Southern Sesotho|url=https://www.sa-venues.com/language-southern-sesotho.htm|access-date=2025-05-26|website=www.sa-venues.com}}</ref> == Setswana == [[Isimumathi:Tswana_Dancers_3.jpg|thumb|Isiqhema esigidako sabaTswana]] I-Setswana nalo ngelinye lamalimi asesiqhemeni se-Sesotho seTjingalanga esikhulunywa eSewula Afrika ne-Botswana. Abantu abasikhulumako eSewula Afrika bangaphezu kweengidi ezimatjhumi amabili nantathu, abalimunyileko bangaphezu kweengidi ezine.<ref name=":1" /> I-Setswana sikhulunywa khulu enarheni ye-Botswana kanti eSewula Afrika sikhulunywa khulu esiFundeni seTlhagwini-Tjhingalanga, ne-Gauteng. Emandulo abeTswana bebangaphasi kwesiqhema sabeSuthu nabazakufika eSewula Afrika bavela eTlhagwini ne-Afrika. Bafika baba ziinqhenyana ezinjengaba-Taung, aba-Sia, aba-Fokeng, ama-Kgolokoe nabaKwena kunye nezinye iinqhenyana. Bafika endaweni ebizwa ngokobana yi-Botswana namhlanjesi, balwa nabaThwa babahlula, bese bakha umbuso wabaTswana. Ngibo-ke namhlanjesi ababanikazi belimi le-Setswana.<ref>{{Cite web|title=AFRICA {{!}} 101 Last Tribes - Tswana people|url=http://www.101lasttribes.com/tribes/tswana.html|access-date=2025-05-26|website=www.101lasttribes.com}}</ref> == Sepedi == [[Isimumathi:Pedi_Living_Culture_Route,_Limpopo,_South_Africa_(2417712111).jpg|thumb|Umuzi wesiPedi]] I-Sepedi ([https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/pedi Sepedi]) nalo ngelinye lamalimi angaphasi kwe-Sesotho atloliswe ngokomthetho eSewula Afrika, begodu saziwa ngokuthi yi-Sesotho seTlhagwini. Ilimeli likhulunywa khulukhulu esiFundeni se-Limpopo nese-Gauteng babantu abalinganiswela eengidini ezimatjhumi amabili nekhomba.<ref name=":1" /> Ekadeni isiqhemesi besiyingcenye yesiqhema sabeSuthu, kwathi nakukhamba ezinye iinqhema sona sasala ngetlhagwini yeSewula Afrika. Sineenqhenyana ezinengana okucatjangelwa bona sikhuluma amalinyana amatjhumi amathathu. Abanye bathi i-Sesotho seTlhagwini akusiso i-Sepedi kodwana lilimi elihlukileko.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=AFRICA {{!}} 101 Last Tribes - Pedi people|url=http://www.101lasttribes.com/tribes/pedi.html|access-date=2025-05-26|website=www.101lasttribes.com}}</ref> == Tshivenda == [[Isimumathi:Venda_culture,_Limpopo,_South_Africa_(8714283418).jpg|thumb|251x251px|Izindlu zamaVenda]] Elinye lamalimi atloliswe ngokomthetho eSewula Afrika yi-Tshivenda. Abantu abakhuluma i-Tshivenda balinganiselwa eengidini ezihlanu.<ref name=":1" /> I-Tshivenda sikhulunywa khulu esiFundeni seLimpopo ngetlhagwini ngitjho nesiFundeni seGauteng. Nawulilemukisisa kuhle ilimeli linezici ezivela elimini lesiShona nelesiTokwa. Ekadeni isiqhemesi kukholelwa bona sathoma ukuba khona nakusabusa uMpuso we-Mapungubwe, kwathi nakuwa umbuso lo kuvuka umbuso we-Zimbabwe sathutha sayokuhlala endaweni namhlanjesi ebizwa ngokobana kuse-Zimbabwe. Sakhamba isikhathi, isiqhemesi sathutha e-Zimbabwe sehla seyama umlambo we-Zambezi sazitholela indawo sayithiya ngokuthi yi-D'zata. Kusukela ngalesosikhathi umbuso wabo uye wanzinza kwabusa amakhosi wawo ngokulandelana kwawo. Namhlanjesi ngibo ababanikazi belimi le-Tshivenda.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Venda - African Tribe - Venda Culture|url=https://www.krugerpark.co.za/africa_venda.html|access-date=2025-05-26|website=www.krugerpark.co.za}}</ref> == Xitsonga == [[Isimumathi:Tsonga_women_in_South_Africa.jpg|thumb|Abomma bambethe isiTsonga]] I-Xitsonga ngelinye lamalimi akhulunywa eSewula Afrika atloliswe ngokomthetho. Ilimeli likhulunywa babantu abangaphezu kweengidi ezilitjhumi nanye. I-Xitsonga sikhulunywa khulukhulu esifundeni seLimpopo neseGauteng, bese kube ne-Xitsonga esikhulunywa e-Mozambique.<ref name=":1" /> Abantwaba bebasiqhema sabeNguni abathoma lokha uSoshangane ebekuyinduna kaShaka abalekela enarheni yangepumalanga. Bathi nabafika lapho bazakhela umbuso omkhulu nedorhobho elibizwa bona yi-Gaza. Bafika bahlula izizwe ezinengi abazithola lapho njengesizwe samaNdawu, amaTonga, amaTjopi amaSena nezinye. Ilimi labo lesiNguni lahlangana nesiTonga namalimi walapho laba yi-Xitsonga. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi umbuso lo wahlukana, amanye amaTsonga asuka e-Mozambique athuthela eSewula Afrika.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Shangaan Tsonga - Nguni People, Tribe - South Africa...|url=https://www.krugerpark.co.za/africa_shangaan_tsonga.html|access-date=2025-05-26|website=www.krugerpark.co.za}}</ref> == IsiBhuru == [[Isimumathi:Boer_Family_with_a_wagon_-_false_colour_image.jpg|thumb|AmaBhuru wakade]] I-''Afrikaans'' namkha isiBhuru mhlobo welimi lamakhuwa angasiwo wendabuko weSewula Afrika. Nalo litlolisiwe ngokomthetho begodu likhulunywa babantu abangaphezu kweengidi ezimatjhumi amathathu nane.<ref name=":1" /> I-Afrikaans ikhulunywa khulu eemfundeni zangeTjingalanga Kapa, eGauteng nakezinye iimfunda. Ilimi le-Afrikaans livela elimini lesiDatjhi. AmaDatjhi afika eSewula Afrika lokha uJan Van Riebeeck obekasebenzela i-VOC (''[https://www.worldhistory.org/Dutch_East_India_Company/ Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie]'') afika nabantu bekhabo ngo-1652, bafika bahlala endaweni abayibiza bona yi-''Cape of Good Hope''. Bafika lapho bahlangana nesitjhaba sabaKhoekhoe. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi ilimi lesiDatjhi lahlangana nelesiKhoe kunye namanye amalimi kwakheka ilimi namhlanjesi elibizwa ngokuthi yi-''Afrikaans'' namkha isiBhuru, okulilimi elisemthethweni bekube njenganje eSewula Afrika.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Dutch Settlement {{!}} South African History Online|url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/dutch-settlement|access-date=2025-05-26|website=www.sahistory.org.za}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-10-13|title=‘The language we know as Afrikaans today owes much to the enslaved people who spoke it’—Read an excerpt from Coloured: How Classification Became Culture|url=https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2023/10/13/the-language-we-know-as-afrikaans-today-owes-much-to-the-enslaved-people-who-spoke-it-read-an-excerpt-from-coloured-how-classification-became-culture/|access-date=2025-05-26|website=The Johannesburg Review of Books|language=en-US}}</ref> == IsiNgisi == [[Isimumathi:English_settlers_landing_in_Virginia_1607_Image_from_page_42_of_A_junior_class_history_of_the_United_States;_to_which_are_added_the_Declaration_of_independence,_and_the_Constitution_of_the_United_States_(1899).jpg|thumb|AmaNgisi bokufika]] IsiNgisi kuphela kwelimi elikhulunywa khulu ukudlula woke eSewula Afrika. Sikhulunywa babantu abangaphezu kweengidi ezimatjhumi amathathu nekhomba. Ilimeli ngilo elisetjenziswa khulu emazikweni wezefundo, wezepolotiki, wezeemali, wezamaphilo namanye. Safika njani isiNgisi eSewula Afrika? IsiNgisi besele sikhona nakufika amaBhuru ngo-1652 ngombana nakufika amaDatjhi athola u-Atjhumato obekayikosi yabaKhoekhoe besele abuya eBantam ngo-1630, akghona ukukhuluma isiNgisi nesiDatjhi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Autshumao (Herry the Strandloper) {{!}} South African History Online|url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/autshumao-herry-strandloper#:~:text=Autshumao%20also%20known%20as%20Herry%20the%20strandloper,who%20were%20engaged%20in%20a%20trading%20relationship.|access-date=2025-05-26|website=www.sahistory.org.za}}</ref> Nanyana isiNgisi besele sikhulunywa eSewula Afrika, amaNgisi wokufika nokuhlala eza mva kwamaDatjhi. Kwathoma mhlokho bona isiNgisi sikhulunywe eSewula Afrika. == Ilimi Lezandla == Ilimi lezandla ngelinye lamalimi akhulunywa eSewula Afrika. Likhulunywa babantu abangaphezu kwesigidi sinye, begodu kunabantu abama-234,655 okulilimi labo lokuthoma. == Iinkhombo == <references /> aahaysyp5j6jxjc0luwbp7cby95nkom 0 650 3209 2025-06-24T07:18:02Z Owaziwako 24 Created page with "== '''Iinkathi Ezine Zomnyaka''' == === '''1. Isingeniso''' === Iinkathi zomnyaka ngezinye izinto eziqakathekileko tle eemphakathini esiphila kiwo. Iinkathi zomnyaka zidlala indima ekulu okuyeleliseni iimphakathi ngalokho okungakulindela esikhathini ekiso nanyana esizako. Ezinye zezinto iinkathi zomnyaka eziyelelisa ngazo iimphakathi, kukudla ekufanelwe kutjalwe ngaleso skhathi. Eenhlokwaneni ezilandelako sizokutjheja imihlobo yeenkathi zomnyaka esinazo kanye nemisebenz..." 3209 wikitext text/x-wiki == '''Iinkathi Ezine Zomnyaka''' == === '''1. Isingeniso''' === Iinkathi zomnyaka ngezinye izinto eziqakathekileko tle eemphakathini esiphila kiwo. Iinkathi zomnyaka zidlala indima ekulu okuyeleliseni iimphakathi ngalokho okungakulindela esikhathini ekiso nanyana esizako. Ezinye zezinto iinkathi zomnyaka eziyelelisa ngazo iimphakathi, kukudla ekufanelwe kutjalwe ngaleso skhathi. Eenhlokwaneni ezilandelako sizokutjheja imihlobo yeenkathi zomnyaka esinazo kanye nemisebenzi nanyana iinzuzo zazo. === '''2. Imihlobo yeenkathi zomnyaka:''' === Ngokuya kweNational Geographic (2025)<ref name=":0">'''National Geographic.''' 2025. ''Season''. Itholakala ku: <nowiki>https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/season/</nowiki>. Ifunyenwe [ngomhlaka 12 kumGwengweni 2025].</ref> isekelwa yiWikipedia (2025)<ref>'''Wikipedia.''' 2025. S''eason''. Itholakala ku:<nowiki>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Season</nowiki>. Ifunyenwe [ngomhlaka 12 kumGwengweni 2025].</ref>, zine (4) iinkathi zomnyaka. [[Iinkathi zomnyaka]] lezi yihlobo, isiruthwani, ubusika nesilimela. ==== '''2.1.    Ingabe kuyini ihlobo na?''' ==== [[Isimumathi:Ihlobo.jpg|thumb|192x192px|Umuthi notjani ehlobo]] Ihlobo kusikhathi somnyaka lapho ubujamo bezulu butjhisa khulu begodu kunezulu elinengi. Ngokuya kwe[https://www.livescience.com/25202-seasons.html Live Science (2025])<ref name=":1">'''Live Science.''' 2025. ''Seasons''. Itholakala ku:<nowiki>https://www.livescience.com/25202-seasons.html</nowiki>. Ifunyenwe [ngomhlaka 12 kumGwengweni 2025].</ref> isekelwa nguTrenberth (1983) <ref name=":2">'''Trenberth, K. E.''' 1983. What are the Seasons?. ''Bulletin American Meteorological Society'', 64(11):1276-1282. </ref>ihlobo esikhathini esinengi libonakala ngemithi notjani obuhlaza khulu begodu iintjalo zakhona zibazihle. Ukungezelela, kanti nefuyo nayo iyanona ngombana amadlelo anokudla okunengi tle. Nasitjheja bonyana ihlobo lingena beliphume nini na, sifunyana bona lingena ngoNobayeni begodu liphuma ekupheleni kukaMhlolanja (National Geographic 2025<ref name=":0" />). ==== '''2.2.    Kuyini isiruthwani na?''' ==== [[Isimumathi:Isiruthwani.jpg|left|thumb|225x225px|Umuthi notjani ngesiruthwani]] Isiruthwani kusikhathi somnyaka lapho amazinga wobujamo bezulu ehla khona begodu nemithi sele ithoma ukulahlekelwa mbala yawo ehlaza iba zotho ([https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/season/ National Geographic 2025]<ref name=":0" />; noTrenberth 1983<ref name=":2" />). Ukungezelela, namakari wemithi athoma ukusuka nanyana ukuwa. Ngalesi isikhathi, ifuyo ithoma ukuzilungiselela isikhathi somnyana esibudisi, ubusika, njengombana nokudla nakho kuthoma ukuncipha (Live Science 2024<ref name=":1" />). Isiruthwani sona sikhathi somnyaka esilandelwa busika, ekutjho bonyana sithoma ngoNtaka kuphikela ekupheleni kukaSihlabantakana (National Geographic 2025). ==== '''2.3.    Kuyini ubusika na?''' ==== [[Isimumathi:Ubusika.jpg|thumb|217x217px|Umuthi notjani ebusika]] Ubusika kusikhathi somnyaka esibudisi khulu, lokha nasiqala ifuyo neentjalo. Ngokuya kweLive Science (2025) ubusika sikhathi somnyaka lapho amazinga wobujamo bezulu aphasi khulu begodu kumakhaza. Ukungezelela, kwezinye iindawo ebusika akuni izulu kodwana kuba negabhogo. INational Geographic (2025) isekelwa yi[https://www.twinkl.co.za/teaching-wiki/the-four-seasons Twinkl (2025)]<ref name=":3">'''Twinkl'''. 2025. ''The Four Seasons''. Itholakala ku:<nowiki>https://www.twinkl.co.za/teaching-wiki/the-four-seasons</nowiki>. Ifunyenwe [ngomhlaka 12 kumGwengweni 2025]. </ref> iveze bonyana ebusika ifuyo iyonda, kanti iintjalo ezinye ziyafa ngebanga lokutlhogeka kokudla namanzi. Ukungezelela, nabantu bezwa abakhaza khulu bagcine bagawula imithi eminengi ukuphemba umlilo. Ubusika kusikhathi somnyaka leso esilandela isiruthwani, ekutjho bona sithoma ekuthomeni kukaMrhayili kufikela ekupheleni kukaVelabahlinze (National Geographic 2025). ==== '''2.4.    Kuyini isilimela na?''' ==== [[Isimumathi:Isilimela.jpg|left|thumb|233x233px|Umuthi notjani ngesiruthwani]] Isilimela kusikhathi somnyaka leso esingatjho bona sikhathi esiletha ithemba eentjalweni, ebantwini nefuyweni. ITwinkl (2025)<ref name=":3" /> isekele iphuzulu leli lokha nayiveza bonyana isilimela kusikhathi somnyaka lapho amazinga wobujamo bezulu athoma ukukhuphuka begodu neentjalo zithoma ukutlhurha. Kodwana, kubuye kube nemililo eminengi yommango ezenzakalekako ngesikhathi lesi somnyaka. Ngokuya kweNational geographic (2025) isilimela kusikhathi somnyaka leso esilandela ubusika begodu sitjengisa bonyana ubusika buphelile. Ngamanye amagama, isikhathi lesi sithoma ekuthomeni kukaRhoboyi kufikela ekupheleni kukaKhukhulamungu. === '''3. Ingabe iinkathi zomnyaka ziletha ini eemphakathini na?''' === 1.    Iinkathi zomnyaka zibikela imiphakathi, iintjalo nefuyo mayelana nobujamo bebhoduluko ebangalilindela. Ngokuya kweTwinkl (2025) iikhathi zomnyaka zilitshwayo lokuthi abantu neentjalo nefuyo kufanele baphile njani ngaleso skhathi njengokuthi ebusika kufanele abantu bambathe ngokufudumeleko ngombana kunamakhaza, igabhogo nerhwaba imbala. 2.    Zilethela imiphakathi nefuyo ukudla okuhlukileko nekghonakalo yokutjala. Ngokuya kweLive Science (2025) iintjalo nokudla okutholakala ehlobo kuhlukileko nalokho okutholakala ebusika; isibonelo, amakhabe atholakala ehlobo kodwana ebusika akatholakali. 3.    Iinkathi zomnyaka zidlala indima ekulu ngaphasi kwezamaphilo womphakathi. Ngokuya kweNational Geographic (2025) ehlobo kutholakala iinhlahla ezinengi zokwelapha njengoba namagulo ayanda; kodwana, ebusika amagula ayancipha njengombana kumakhaza khulu. === '''4. Isiphetho''' === Iinkhathi zomnyaka ziqaketheke khulu eemphakathini begodu zidlala iindima ezikulu efana nokuyelelisa abantu ngokudla ekufanele bakudle, ukulawuleka kwamagulo kanye namazinga wokutjhisa. Ngalokho-ke, kuqakathekile bonyana ilwazi lazo silazi begodu sihlale siziyelelile ukuze sizuze kizo. === '''5. Umthombolwazi''' === <references /> d9vh9w495rky0f4ypxt3cz460mfhm8w