Wikiphidiya nrwiki https://nr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.46.0-wmf.22 first-letter Iinrhatjhi Khethekileko Asiqongelane Umsebenzisi Umsebenzisi asiqongelane Wikiphidiya Wikiphidiya asiqongelane Isimumathi Isimumathi asiqongelane MediaWiki MediaWiki asiqongelane Umhlahlandlelasakhiwo Umhlahlandlelasakhiwo asiqongelane Lisizo Lisizo asiqongelane Mkhakha Mkhakha asiqongelane TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 114 6391 5096 2026-04-02T00:35:20Z Bobbyshabangu 66 6391 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Official Document| | ibizo = Amalungelo Wobuntu | isithombe = RSA-Constitution.png | unyaka wokutlola = 16 KuNobayeni 1996 | indawo yo kutlolwa = Johannesburg | inarha yomtlolo = Isewula Afrika }} '''Amalungelo Wobuntu''' atholakala ngaphakathi kwesahluko sesibili somthetho-sisekelo yenarha ye [[Isewula Afrika|Sewula Afrika]] begodu isihloko lesi sihlathulula indlela bona amalungelo la asebenza njani namkha angancitjhiswa njani nangabe kulungile ukwenza njalo<ref name=ph1>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20160305192903/http://www.justice.gov.za/legislation/constitution/chp02.html Bill of Rights Chapter 2, Section 7-39]" - <small>'''The Department of Justice and Constitutional Development'''</small>. Retrieved 24 February 2016</ref>. Kunamalungelo wobuntu amatjhumi amabili nekhomba kumthethosisekelo. Yoke imithetho le ilawulwa mthetho wendawo kodwana isebenza kibo boke abahlala enarheni yeSewula Afrika.<ref name=ph2>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20160306031920/http://www.justice.gov.za/legislation/constitution/index.html The South African Constitution]" - <small>'''The Department of Justice and Constitutional Development'''</small>. Retrieved 24 February 2016</ref><ref>[https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/human-rights#:~:text=Human%20rights%20are%20rights%20inherent,and%20education%2C%20and%20many%20more. https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/human-rights#:~:text=Human%20rights%20are%20rights%20inherent,and%20education%2C%20and%20many%20more.]</ref> ==Ukulingana== Ngeze wabandlululwa kodwana igadango lokulinganisa emsebenzini kubandlulula okufaneleko kuvunyelwe. Boke abantu bayalingana ngaphambi komthetho begodu akukafaneli ukubandlululwa.<ref name="ph3">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20160329070107/http://www.justice.gov.za/legislation/constitution/bor/BillofRights50thAnniversary-Ndebele.pdf Bill of Rights 50^th Anniversary]" - <small>'''The Department of Justice and Constitutional Development'''</small>. Retrieved 24 February 2016</ref> ==Isithunzi sabantu== Isithunzi sakho kufanele sihlonitjhwe begodu sivikelwe. Boke abantu banesithunzi sobuntu esisisekelo ekufanele sihlonitjhwe.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Ipilo== Unelungelo lepilo. Boke abantu banelungelo lokuphila.<ref name="ph3"></ref> isizo namkha ngiliphi ongalithola ukuze uphile. ==Itjhaphuluko nokuPhepha komuntu== Angeze wavalelwa ngaphandle kokugwetjwa, walinyazwa namkha wejeziswa kumbi. Ukutlhoriswa kwemakhaya akukavumeleki. Angeze wavalelwa ngaphandle kokugwetjwa namkha watlhoriswa nanyana ngiyiphi indlela.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Ubugcila, Ukusebenzela kanye nomsebenzi okatelelwako== Ubugcila nomsebenzi okatelelwako azivunyelwa. Akukafaneli wenziwe isigcila namkha ukatelelwe ukusebenza.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Ukuba wedwa== Ilungelo lakho lokuba wedwa lifakahlangana umzimbakho, ikhaya nezinto zakho.<ref name="ph3"></ref> == Itjhaphuluko yekolo, yekolelo neyombono== Ungakholwa, ucabange nanyana yini oyifunako begodu ungalandela ikolo oyithandako. Unelungelo lokucabanga, lokukholwa nelokukhothamela ngendlela othanda ngayo.<ref name="ph3"></ref> == Ukuveza imibono ngokutjhaphuluka== Boke abantu (kubalwa neembikindaba) bangatjho nanyana yini abayifunako. Unelungelo lokutjho, lokufunda nelokufunda nanyana yini oyikhethako kodwana ikulumo yezondo ayikavunyelwa.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Ukuhlangana, Ukutjengisa, Ukutoyitoya nomTlolo weembawo== Ningabamba isitjengiso, nitoyitoye begodu niveze umtlolo wesibawo kodwana kufanele lokhu nikwenze ngokuthula. Ninelungelo lokuhlangana ngokuthula, lokutjengisa nelokunghonghoyila.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Ilungelo lokuHlangana== Unelungelo lokuhlangana nananyana ngubani.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Amalungelo wezepolotiki== Ungasekela ihlangano yepolotiki oyithandako. Nangabe usisakhamuzi begodu okungenani uneminyaka eli-18 ubudala, ungavowuda. Ungathoma ihlangano yepolotiki, ungathatha ingcenye begodu uvowudele enye nenye ihlangano emakhethweni atjhaphulukileko nangasolisiko.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Ubakhamuzi== Akekho umuntu onelungelo lokuthi asuswe lana akhe khona. Asikho isakhamuzi ekufuze sithathelwe indawo yaso.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Itjhaphuluko lokuKhamba nelokuHlala== Ungakhamba begodu uhlale nanoma kukuphi eRiphabhliki yeSewula Afrika. Unelungelo lokungena nokuhlala eRiphabliki ngokuthanda.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Itjhaphuluko yokuRhweba, yomSebenzi neBizelo== Ungenza nanyana ngimuphi umsebenzi owufunako. Unelungelo lokukhetha elinye nelinye irhwebo elisemthethweni namkha umsebenzi ngokutjhaphuluka.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Itjhebiswano kezemisebenzi== Ungajoyina amayunyoni bewutoyitoye. Boke abasebenzi nabaqhatjhi banelungelo lokuhlela nokukhulumisana, lokho kuphumelelisa iminqopho yabo.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Ibhoduluko== Unelungelo lebhoduluko elinepilo. Unelungelo lokuhlala ebhodulukweni elivikelekileko nelinepilo.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Ipahla== Ungathathelwa ipahlakho nangabe imithetho efaneleko ilandelwe. Akekho ongathathelwa ipahla ngaphandle kwemibandela yomthetho okusetjenziswa okuvamileko.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Izindlu== Urhulumende kufanele enze isiqiniseko sokobana abantu bafumana ukungena okufaneleko eendlini.. Ninelungelo lokufumana izidlu ezaneleko.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Itjhejo lezepilo, Ukudla, Amanzi nokuPhepha komPhakathi== Urhulumende kufanele enze isiqiniseko sokobana nifumana ukudla namanzi, itjhejo lezePilo kanye nokuPhepha emphakathini. Unelungelo letjhejo lezepilo, ukudla namanzi aneleko kanye nokuphepha emphakathini.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Abantwana== Abantwana abangaphasi kweminyaka eli-18 banamalungelo akhethekileko njengelungelo lokungatlhoriswa. Woke umntwana unelungelo lebizo, lobutjhaba kanye nelokuvikelwa ekutlhorisweni nekusetjenzisweni ngokungakafaneli.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Ifundo== Unelungelo lefundo esisekelo, kubalwa nefundo esisekelo yabadala ngelimi lakho (nangabekuyakghonakala) Unelungelo lefundo esisekelo ngelimi elisemthethweni olithandako.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Ilimi nesiko== Ungasebenzisa ilimi ofuna ukulisebenzisa bewulandele nesiko ozikhethela lona. Unelungelo lokusebenzisa ilimi olithandako bewenze nesiko lakho.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Imiphakathi yamaSiko, yeKolo nemaLimi== Imiphakathi ingazithabisa ngamasiko wayo; balandele ikolwabo bebasebenzise ilimi labo. Unelungelo lokuthoma, lokujoyina nelogcina isiko, ilimi kanye nesiqhema sekolo osithandako.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Ukufumana ilwazi== Unelungelo lelinye nelinye ilwazi urhulumende analo Ungafumana elinye nelinye ilwazi eliphethwe mbuso ukuvikela amalungelwakho.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Ukuphatha ngokusemthethweni== Izenzo zakarhulumende kufanele zibe ngezilungileko Unelungelo lezenzo ezisemthethweni, ezizwakalako nezilungileko akarhulumende.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Ukungena emaKhotho== Umrarwakho wangokomthetho ungathathelwa isiqunto yikhotho namkha isakhiwo esifanako. Unelungelo lokurarulula imiraro yangokomthetho ekhotho namkha ebandleni elingakabandanyeki bunqopha elirarulula imiraro.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Abantu ababotjhiweko nabathweswe umlandu== Ilungelweli livikela abantu ababotjhiweko nabavalelwe esikhungweni namkha abathweswe umlandu. Nawubotjhiweko unelungelo okungakhulumi, lokulethwa ngaphambi kwekhotho ema-irini ama-48 kanye nelungelo lokujanyelwa ngokomthetho.<ref name="ph3"></ref> ==Isithasiselo== {{Reflist}} tjywfumcd85j50izx14zl5d9k28aeff 0 1084 6378 2026-04-02T00:26:31Z Bobbyshabangu 66 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1338317790|Gert Sibande]]" 6378 wikitext text/x-wiki '''U-Gert Shedrack Sibande''' (1901 eduze ne-Ermelo, e-Mpumalanga – 1987; owaziwa nangokuthi yi '''-Lion of the East''' ) bekayisisebenzi seplasini seSewula Afrika begodu bekasolo alwisana nebandlululo. Bekangomunye wabasolwa be -ANC ukujamela icala lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956-61 kanye no [[Nelson Mandela|-Nelson Mandela]] nabanye abali-154. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|title=Gert Sibande|access-date=2011-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108042303/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|archive-date=2009-01-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> USibande wadlala indima eqakathekileko e-Potato Boycott yango-1959.[1] Isifunda se -Gert Sibande esifundazweni se [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|-Mpumalanga]] eSewula Afrika siqanjwe ngegama lakhe. Wabelethelwa esifundeni begodu wachitha isikhathi esinengi sepilo yakhe lapho. Ngemva kokuhlongakala kwakhe wanikelwe i-Order of Luthuli in Gold ngegalelo lakhe elihle khulu ekwenzeni ngcono ubujamo bokusebenza kwabasebenzi beplasi kanye nemizamo yakhe yokuthuthukisa iSewula Afrika engabandlululi ngokobuhlanga, enobulungiswa, nentando yenengi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.polity.org.za/article/anc-zuma-address-delivered-at-the-gert-sibande-memorial-lecture-23092008-2008-09-23|title=ANC: Zuma: Address delivered at the Gert Sibande Memorial Lecture (23/09/2008)|website=www.polity.org.za}}</ref> == Ipilo yokuthoma nomsebenzi == Wabelethwa ngo-1901 esifundeni se-Ermelo se- Eastern Transvaal yangaleso sikhathi (manje [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|i-Mpumalanga]] ), u-Sibande bekayindodana yomlimi oqatjhileko. Wathoma ukusebenza emaplasini aneminyaka ebunane, lapho aqalana khona nobujamo obubudisi. Ekuthomeni bekaziwa ngokuthi ngu-Shadrack Sibande, waphiwa ibizo elithi "Gert" mBhunu owavimbela ukusetjenziswa kwamabizo wesiNgisi eplasini lakhe. Iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20, u-Sibande wasebenza emaplasini ahlukahlukeneko e-Eastern Transvaal. Ukungafuni kwakhe ukwamukela ubujamo obumbi bokusebenza kwamenza waba nedumela lokuba mraro hlangana nabaqatjhi bakhe, njengombana bekavame ukubaphikisa ngeendaba zokuhlukunyezwa. == Ukukhuthaza abasebenzi beplasi == Ngabo-1930, u-Sibande wathuthela e- Bethal Location, lapho athoma khona ukuhlela abasebenzi beplasi begodu alungisa iinkhalazo zabo. Ngesikhathi lesi, abasebenzi abanengi beplasini bebaqalene nobujamo obumbi khulu bokusebenza, basebenza kusukela ekuphumeni kwelanga ukuya ekutjhingeni kwelanga babhadelwa imali encani, begodu kanengi badla ukudla okuncani okufana ne-phuthu ne-gravy emasakeni. USibande wasiza ukusungula ihlangano yokuthoma eyaziwako yamalungelo wabasebenzi beplasini eSewula Afrika, i-Farm Workers' Association. Isiqhema lesi sisebenzele ukusiza abasebenzi beplasi bona bathole iintjalo ezibiweko begodu bathole ubujamo obungcono bokusebenza. Ngo-1939, u-Sibande wahlangana namalunga we- African National Congress (ANC) e [[Johannesburg|-Goli]] . Msinyana waba lilunga elisebenzako, wabuyela e-Bethal ukuyokwakha igatja eliqinileko le-ANC. Imizamo yakhe yenza bona kube nokutjheja okukhulu ngeemeko ezimbi abasebenzi beplasi ebebaqalene nazo, begodu wasiza ukuveza ukungabi nobulungiswa lokhu ebantwini abanengi, okufakahlangana abantu abadumileko abafana nomfundisi u-Michael Scott nentatheli u-Ruth First .<ref>Christopher Webb (2015) Fighting talk: Ruth First's early journalism 1947–1950, Review of African Political Economy, 42:143, 7-21, DOI:10.1080/03056244.2014.988697 Accessed 19 July 2017</ref> U-Sibande wasebenzisana no- Henry Nxumalo odumileko wemagazini ye-Drum, asiza ekugadangisweni kwama-atikili aveza ubujamo bokuxhaphaza kwabasebenzi beplasini ephasini. Iindaba ezitholweko zavezwa ku- ''New Age'' . ''I-Guardian'' yakhipha i-atikili yesibili ehlobene nokutholwe ngu-Gert Sibande mhlazi-25 kuNobayeni 1947. ''I-Drum Magazine'' yakhipha i-atikili efanako ngo-1952, intathelizindaba u-Henry Nxumalo nomthwebuli weenthombe u-Jurgen Schoodeberg badlala indima eqakathekileko ekutloleni ubujamo babasebenzi beplasi lamazambana e-Bethal. I-atikili le yathola ukutjhejwa kwezwe neentjhabatjhaba kodwana, imibiko yalahlwa nguNgqongqotjhe wezeNdabuko, u-Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd ePalamende. Waxoshwa e-Bethal ziimphathimandla ngo-1953 ngebanga lokuzikhakhazisa kwakhe kwezepolotiki. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathuthela [[Eswatini|eSwazini]] lapho asiza khona iphiko lebutho le-ANC uMkhonto we Sizwe . <ref name="auto">http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130901062545/http://sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande|date=2013-09-01}} Accessed 20 July 2017</ref> Ngo-1959, ngemva kweminyaka elitjhumi nambili uGert Sibande aveze ubujamo bezisebenzi, i -ANC yabika ubujamo obufanako emaplasini wommbila namanye amazambana. Bekangumhlanganyeli okhutheleko emkhankasweni wokuphikisa, umkhankaso wokulwisana nefundo yamaBantu begodu wasiza nokutlola iTjhatha yeNkululeko . Wasebenza eduze noMphathi u-Albert Luthuli, u-Moses Kotane no -Moses Mabhida . Bekalilunga lomKhandlu oPhetheko weNarha we- ANC begodu ngesikhathi sakhe soburholi, wasolwa ecaleni lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956 ukuya ku-1961. Bekangomunye wabasolwa abambalwa abathatha isikhundla sofakazi ngesikhathi secala. Wakhethwa bona abe ngumengameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958 begodu wakhethwa godu ngo-1959. <ref name="auto1" /> Wahlongakala e [[Eswatini|-Swaziland]] ngo-1987. Wangcwatshwa e -Manzini phakathi ne-Swaziland. == Ukutlhoriswa nokuhlongakala == Ikululeko ka-Sibande yenza bona kube nokutlhoriswa okukhulu ngurhulumende webandlululo. Ngo-1953, waxoshwa e-Bethal, begodu ngo-1956, wabekwa icala lokuvukela umbuso njengengcenye yecala lokuvukela umbuso elidumileko. Nanyana gade aneentjhijilo, waragela phambili nomsebenzi wakhe ngaphakathi kwe-ANC, wakhethwa njengomongameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958. Ngemva kwecala lokuvukela umbuso, u-Sibande wakateleleka bona ahlale e -Komatipoort eduze nomngcele we- [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ne [[Mozambique|-Mozambique]] . Ngo-1962, wawela waya e-Swaziland begodu ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathenga itrektara wayisebenzisela ukunikela ngeenkonzo zokulima e-Swaziland, lapho ahlala khona iminyaka eminengi ahlala ekudingisweni. Wahlongakala ngo-1987, e -Manzini, e-Swazini. Umasipala wesiyingi watjhugulula ibizo lakhe ukusuka ku-"Eastvaal" (Afrikaans: Oosvaal) waya ku-"Gert Sibande" uMasipala wesiFunda ngoNobayeni ka-2004. Kune-Gert Sibande TVET College eneendawo ezihlukahlukeneko zekhampasi. Kunesithombe sethusi saka-Gert Sibande esiqala esinye isithombe saka- [[Nokuthula Simelane]] e -Bethal . Iinthombe zingaphandle kwe-Nomoya Masilela Museum enikelwe abalweli bekululeko abafakahlangana u-Gert Sibande, u-Nokuthula Simelane, u-Ruth First no -Henry Nxumalo . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may rely on a self-published source. (January 2018)">self-published source</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> UMbongeni Ngema watlola begodu waqondisa umkhiqizo wesigaba sesabelomali sezigidi ezingama-R22 'Ibhubezi leMpumalanga' ebegade uhlanganiswe ngokuduba amazambana neminikelo ka-Gert Sibande. Umkhiqizo lo bewuneenkhundla e- Trinidad, e-Jamaica ne -Suriname . Umndeni ka-Sibande ukhuphe umthetho wokukhandela ukukhiqiza umvumo lo ngombana bathi akhenge bakhulumisane nabo. Ukuvinjelwa kwabekwa eceleni msinyana ngaphambi kokukhutjhwa komkhiqizo. e15f4pysdywgq327hbts1damy8owbnj 6379 6378 2026-04-02T00:27:00Z Bobbyshabangu 66 6379 wikitext text/x-wiki '''U-Gert Shedrack Sibande''' (1901 eduze ne-Ermelo, e-Mpumalanga – 1987; owaziwa nangokuthi yi '''-Lion of the East''' ) bekayisisebenzi seplasini seSewula Afrika begodu bekasolo alwisana nebandlululo. Bekangomunye wabasolwa be -ANC ukujamela icala lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956-61 kanye no [[Nelson Mandela|-Nelson Mandela]] nabanye abali-154. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|title=Gert Sibande|access-date=2011-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108042303/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|archive-date=2009-01-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> USibande wadlala indima eqakathekileko e-Potato Boycott yango-1959.[1] Isifunda se -Gert Sibande esifundazweni se [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|-Mpumalanga]] eSewula Afrika siqanjwe ngegama lakhe. Wabelethelwa esifundeni begodu wachitha isikhathi esinengi sepilo yakhe lapho. Ngemva kokuhlongakala kwakhe wanikelwe i-Order of Luthuli in Gold ngegalelo lakhe elihle khulu ekwenzeni ngcono ubujamo bokusebenza kwabasebenzi beplasi kanye nemizamo yakhe yokuthuthukisa iSewula Afrika engabandlululi ngokobuhlanga, enobulungiswa, nentando yenengi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.polity.org.za/article/anc-zuma-address-delivered-at-the-gert-sibande-memorial-lecture-23092008-2008-09-23|title=ANC: Zuma: Address delivered at the Gert Sibande Memorial Lecture (23/09/2008)|website=www.polity.org.za}}</ref> == Ipilo yokuthoma nomsebenzi == Wabelethwa ngo-1901 esifundeni se-Ermelo se- Eastern Transvaal yangaleso sikhathi (manje [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|i-Mpumalanga]] ), u-Sibande bekayindodana yomlimi oqatjhileko. Wathoma ukusebenza emaplasini aneminyaka ebunane, lapho aqalana khona nobujamo obubudisi. Ekuthomeni bekaziwa ngokuthi ngu-Shadrack Sibande, waphiwa ibizo elithi "Gert" mBhunu owavimbela ukusetjenziswa kwamabizo wesiNgisi eplasini lakhe. Iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20, u-Sibande wasebenza emaplasini ahlukahlukeneko e-Eastern Transvaal. Ukungafuni kwakhe ukwamukela ubujamo obumbi bokusebenza kwamenza waba nedumela lokuba mraro hlangana nabaqatjhi bakhe, njengombana bekavame ukubaphikisa ngeendaba zokuhlukunyezwa. == Ukukhuthaza abasebenzi beplasi == Ngabo-1930, u-Sibande wathuthela e- Bethal Location, lapho athoma khona ukuhlela abasebenzi beplasi begodu alungisa iinkhalazo zabo. Ngesikhathi lesi, abasebenzi abanengi beplasini bebaqalene nobujamo obumbi khulu bokusebenza, basebenza kusukela ekuphumeni kwelanga ukuya ekutjhingeni kwelanga babhadelwa imali encani, begodu kanengi badla ukudla okuncani okufana ne-phuthu ne-gravy emasakeni. USibande wasiza ukusungula ihlangano yokuthoma eyaziwako yamalungelo wabasebenzi beplasini eSewula Afrika, i-Farm Workers' Association. Isiqhema lesi sisebenzele ukusiza abasebenzi beplasi bona bathole iintjalo ezibiweko begodu bathole ubujamo obungcono bokusebenza. Ngo-1939, u-Sibande wahlangana namalunga we- African National Congress (ANC) e [[Johannesburg|-Goli]] . Msinyana waba lilunga elisebenzako, wabuyela e-Bethal ukuyokwakha igatja eliqinileko le-ANC. Imizamo yakhe yenza bona kube nokutjheja okukhulu ngeemeko ezimbi abasebenzi beplasi ebebaqalene nazo, begodu wasiza ukuveza ukungabi nobulungiswa lokhu ebantwini abanengi, okufakahlangana abantu abadumileko abafana nomfundisi u-Michael Scott nentatheli u-Ruth First .<ref>Christopher Webb (2015) Fighting talk: Ruth First's early journalism 1947–1950, Review of African Political Economy, 42:143, 7-21, DOI:10.1080/03056244.2014.988697 Accessed 19 July 2017</ref> U-Sibande wasebenzisana no- Henry Nxumalo odumileko wemagazini ye-Drum, asiza ekugadangisweni kwama-atikili aveza ubujamo bokuxhaphaza kwabasebenzi beplasini ephasini. Iindaba ezitholweko zavezwa ku- ''New Age'' . ''I-Guardian'' yakhipha i-atikili yesibili ehlobene nokutholwe ngu-Gert Sibande mhlazi-25 kuNobayeni 1947. ''I-Drum Magazine'' yakhipha i-atikili efanako ngo-1952, intathelizindaba u-Henry Nxumalo nomthwebuli weenthombe u-Jurgen Schoodeberg badlala indima eqakathekileko ekutloleni ubujamo babasebenzi beplasi lamazambana e-Bethal. I-atikili le yathola ukutjhejwa kwezwe neentjhabatjhaba kodwana, imibiko yalahlwa nguNgqongqotjhe wezeNdabuko, u-Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd ePalamende. Waxoshwa e-Bethal ziimphathimandla ngo-1953 ngebanga lokuzikhakhazisa kwakhe kwezepolotiki. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathuthela [[Eswatini|eSwazini]] lapho asiza khona iphiko lebutho le-ANC uMkhonto we Sizwe . <ref name="auto">http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130901062545/http://sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande|date=2013-09-01}} Accessed 20 July 2017</ref> Ngo-1959, ngemva kweminyaka elitjhumi nambili uGert Sibande aveze ubujamo bezisebenzi, i -ANC yabika ubujamo obufanako emaplasini wommbila namanye amazambana. Bekangumhlanganyeli okhutheleko emkhankasweni wokuphikisa, umkhankaso wokulwisana nefundo yamaBantu begodu wasiza nokutlola iTjhatha yeNkululeko . Wasebenza eduze noMphathi u-Albert Luthuli, u-Moses Kotane no -Moses Mabhida . Bekalilunga lomKhandlu oPhetheko weNarha we- ANC begodu ngesikhathi sakhe soburholi, wasolwa ecaleni lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956 ukuya ku-1961. Bekangomunye wabasolwa abambalwa abathatha isikhundla sofakazi ngesikhathi secala. Wakhethwa bona abe ngumengameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958 begodu wakhethwa godu ngo-1959. <ref name="auto1" /> Wahlongakala e [[Eswatini|-Swaziland]] ngo-1987. Wangcwatshwa e -Manzini phakathi ne-Swaziland. == Ukutlhoriswa nokuhlongakala == Ikululeko ka-Sibande yenza bona kube nokutlhoriswa okukhulu ngurhulumende webandlululo. Ngo-1953, waxoshwa e-Bethal, begodu ngo-1956, wabekwa icala lokuvukela umbuso njengengcenye yecala lokuvukela umbuso elidumileko. Nanyana gade aneentjhijilo, waragela phambili nomsebenzi wakhe ngaphakathi kwe-ANC, wakhethwa njengomongameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958. Ngemva kwecala lokuvukela umbuso, u-Sibande wakateleleka bona ahlale e -Komatipoort eduze nomngcele we- [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ne [[Mozambique|-Mozambique]] . Ngo-1962, wawela waya e-Swaziland begodu ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathenga itrektara wayisebenzisela ukunikela ngeenkonzo zokulima e-Swaziland, lapho ahlala khona iminyaka eminengi ahlala ekudingisweni. Wahlongakala ngo-1987, e -Manzini, e-Swazini. Umasipala wesiyingi watjhugulula ibizo lakhe ukusuka ku-"Eastvaal" (Afrikaans: Oosvaal) waya ku-"Gert Sibande" uMasipala wesiFunda ngoNobayeni ka-2004. Kune-Gert Sibande TVET College eneendawo ezihlukahlukeneko zekhampasi. Kunesithombe sethusi saka-Gert Sibande esiqala esinye isithombe saka- [[Nokuthula Simelane]] e -Bethal . Iinthombe zingaphandle kwe-Nomoya Masilela Museum enikelwe abalweli bekululeko abafakahlangana u-Gert Sibande, u-Nokuthula Simelane, u-Ruth First no -Henry Nxumalo . <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; ''<nowiki><span title="The material near this tag may rely on a self-published source. (January 2018)">self-published source</span></nowiki>'' &#x5D;</sup> UMbongeni Ngema watlola begodu waqondisa umkhiqizo wesigaba sesabelomali sezigidi ezingama-R22 'Ibhubezi leMpumalanga' ebegade uhlanganiswe ngokuduba amazambana neminikelo ka-Gert Sibande. Umkhiqizo lo bewuneenkhundla e- Trinidad, e-Jamaica ne -Suriname . Umndeni ka-Sibande ukhuphe umthetho wokukhandela ukukhiqiza umvumo lo ngombana bathi akhenge bakhulumisane nabo. Ukuvinjelwa kwabekwa eceleni msinyana ngaphambi kokukhutjhwa komkhiqizo. == Iinkomba == enmysdnlm7l7i5hyshjhyf7hgofog4e 6380 6379 2026-04-02T00:27:37Z Bobbyshabangu 66 /* Ukutlhoriswa nokuhlongakala */ 6380 wikitext text/x-wiki '''U-Gert Shedrack Sibande''' (1901 eduze ne-Ermelo, e-Mpumalanga – 1987; owaziwa nangokuthi yi '''-Lion of the East''' ) bekayisisebenzi seplasini seSewula Afrika begodu bekasolo alwisana nebandlululo. Bekangomunye wabasolwa be -ANC ukujamela icala lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956-61 kanye no [[Nelson Mandela|-Nelson Mandela]] nabanye abali-154. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|title=Gert Sibande|access-date=2011-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108042303/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|archive-date=2009-01-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> USibande wadlala indima eqakathekileko e-Potato Boycott yango-1959.[1] Isifunda se -Gert Sibande esifundazweni se [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|-Mpumalanga]] eSewula Afrika siqanjwe ngegama lakhe. Wabelethelwa esifundeni begodu wachitha isikhathi esinengi sepilo yakhe lapho. Ngemva kokuhlongakala kwakhe wanikelwe i-Order of Luthuli in Gold ngegalelo lakhe elihle khulu ekwenzeni ngcono ubujamo bokusebenza kwabasebenzi beplasi kanye nemizamo yakhe yokuthuthukisa iSewula Afrika engabandlululi ngokobuhlanga, enobulungiswa, nentando yenengi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.polity.org.za/article/anc-zuma-address-delivered-at-the-gert-sibande-memorial-lecture-23092008-2008-09-23|title=ANC: Zuma: Address delivered at the Gert Sibande Memorial Lecture (23/09/2008)|website=www.polity.org.za}}</ref> == Ipilo yokuthoma nomsebenzi == Wabelethwa ngo-1901 esifundeni se-Ermelo se- Eastern Transvaal yangaleso sikhathi (manje [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|i-Mpumalanga]] ), u-Sibande bekayindodana yomlimi oqatjhileko. Wathoma ukusebenza emaplasini aneminyaka ebunane, lapho aqalana khona nobujamo obubudisi. Ekuthomeni bekaziwa ngokuthi ngu-Shadrack Sibande, waphiwa ibizo elithi "Gert" mBhunu owavimbela ukusetjenziswa kwamabizo wesiNgisi eplasini lakhe. Iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20, u-Sibande wasebenza emaplasini ahlukahlukeneko e-Eastern Transvaal. Ukungafuni kwakhe ukwamukela ubujamo obumbi bokusebenza kwamenza waba nedumela lokuba mraro hlangana nabaqatjhi bakhe, njengombana bekavame ukubaphikisa ngeendaba zokuhlukunyezwa. == Ukukhuthaza abasebenzi beplasi == Ngabo-1930, u-Sibande wathuthela e- Bethal Location, lapho athoma khona ukuhlela abasebenzi beplasi begodu alungisa iinkhalazo zabo. Ngesikhathi lesi, abasebenzi abanengi beplasini bebaqalene nobujamo obumbi khulu bokusebenza, basebenza kusukela ekuphumeni kwelanga ukuya ekutjhingeni kwelanga babhadelwa imali encani, begodu kanengi badla ukudla okuncani okufana ne-phuthu ne-gravy emasakeni. USibande wasiza ukusungula ihlangano yokuthoma eyaziwako yamalungelo wabasebenzi beplasini eSewula Afrika, i-Farm Workers' Association. Isiqhema lesi sisebenzele ukusiza abasebenzi beplasi bona bathole iintjalo ezibiweko begodu bathole ubujamo obungcono bokusebenza. Ngo-1939, u-Sibande wahlangana namalunga we- African National Congress (ANC) e [[Johannesburg|-Goli]] . Msinyana waba lilunga elisebenzako, wabuyela e-Bethal ukuyokwakha igatja eliqinileko le-ANC. Imizamo yakhe yenza bona kube nokutjheja okukhulu ngeemeko ezimbi abasebenzi beplasi ebebaqalene nazo, begodu wasiza ukuveza ukungabi nobulungiswa lokhu ebantwini abanengi, okufakahlangana abantu abadumileko abafana nomfundisi u-Michael Scott nentatheli u-Ruth First .<ref>Christopher Webb (2015) Fighting talk: Ruth First's early journalism 1947–1950, Review of African Political Economy, 42:143, 7-21, DOI:10.1080/03056244.2014.988697 Accessed 19 July 2017</ref> U-Sibande wasebenzisana no- Henry Nxumalo odumileko wemagazini ye-Drum, asiza ekugadangisweni kwama-atikili aveza ubujamo bokuxhaphaza kwabasebenzi beplasini ephasini. Iindaba ezitholweko zavezwa ku- ''New Age'' . ''I-Guardian'' yakhipha i-atikili yesibili ehlobene nokutholwe ngu-Gert Sibande mhlazi-25 kuNobayeni 1947. ''I-Drum Magazine'' yakhipha i-atikili efanako ngo-1952, intathelizindaba u-Henry Nxumalo nomthwebuli weenthombe u-Jurgen Schoodeberg badlala indima eqakathekileko ekutloleni ubujamo babasebenzi beplasi lamazambana e-Bethal. I-atikili le yathola ukutjhejwa kwezwe neentjhabatjhaba kodwana, imibiko yalahlwa nguNgqongqotjhe wezeNdabuko, u-Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd ePalamende. Waxoshwa e-Bethal ziimphathimandla ngo-1953 ngebanga lokuzikhakhazisa kwakhe kwezepolotiki. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathuthela [[Eswatini|eSwazini]] lapho asiza khona iphiko lebutho le-ANC uMkhonto we Sizwe . <ref name="auto">http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130901062545/http://sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande|date=2013-09-01}} Accessed 20 July 2017</ref> Ngo-1959, ngemva kweminyaka elitjhumi nambili uGert Sibande aveze ubujamo bezisebenzi, i -ANC yabika ubujamo obufanako emaplasini wommbila namanye amazambana. Bekangumhlanganyeli okhutheleko emkhankasweni wokuphikisa, umkhankaso wokulwisana nefundo yamaBantu begodu wasiza nokutlola iTjhatha yeNkululeko . Wasebenza eduze noMphathi u-Albert Luthuli, u-Moses Kotane no -Moses Mabhida . Bekalilunga lomKhandlu oPhetheko weNarha we- ANC begodu ngesikhathi sakhe soburholi, wasolwa ecaleni lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956 ukuya ku-1961. Bekangomunye wabasolwa abambalwa abathatha isikhundla sofakazi ngesikhathi secala. Wakhethwa bona abe ngumengameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958 begodu wakhethwa godu ngo-1959. <ref name="auto1" /> Wahlongakala e [[Eswatini|-Swaziland]] ngo-1987. Wangcwatshwa e -Manzini phakathi ne-Swaziland. == Ukutlhoriswa nokuhlongakala == Ikululeko ka-Sibande yenza bona kube nokutlhoriswa okukhulu ngurhulumende webandlululo. Ngo-1953, waxoshwa e-Bethal, begodu ngo-1956, wabekwa icala lokuvukela umbuso njengengcenye yecala lokuvukela umbuso elidumileko. Nanyana gade aneentjhijilo, waragela phambili nomsebenzi wakhe ngaphakathi kwe-ANC, wakhethwa njengomongameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958. Ngemva kwecala lokuvukela umbuso, u-Sibande wakateleleka bona ahlale e -Komatipoort eduze nomngcele we- [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ne [[Mozambique|-Mozambique]] . Ngo-1962, wawela waya e-Swaziland begodu ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathenga itrektara wayisebenzisela ukunikela ngeenkonzo zokulima e-Swaziland, lapho ahlala khona iminyaka eminengi ahlala ekudingisweni. Wahlongakala ngo-1987, e -Manzini, e-Swazini. Umasipala wesiyingi watjhugulula ibizo lakhe ukusuka ku-"Eastvaal" (Afrikaans: Oosvaal) waya ku-"Gert Sibande" uMasipala wesiFunda ngoNobayeni ka-2004. Kune-Gert Sibande TVET College eneendawo ezihlukahlukeneko zekhampasi. Kunesithombe sethusi saka-Gert Sibande esiqala esinye isithombe saka- [[Nokuthula Simelane]] e -Bethal . Iinthombe zingaphandle kwe-Nomoya Masilela Museum enikelwe abalweli bekululeko abafakahlangana u-Gert Sibande, u-Nokuthula Simelane, u-Ruth First no -Henry Nxumalo . UMbongeni Ngema watlola begodu waqondisa umkhiqizo wesigaba sesabelomali sezigidi ezingama-R22 'Ibhubezi leMpumalanga' ebegade uhlanganiswe ngokuduba amazambana neminikelo ka-Gert Sibande. Umkhiqizo lo bewuneenkhundla e- Trinidad, e-Jamaica ne -Suriname . Umndeni ka-Sibande ukhuphe umthetho wokukhandela ukukhiqiza umvumo lo ngombana bathi akhenge bakhulumisane nabo. Ukuvinjelwa kwabekwa eceleni msinyana ngaphambi kokukhutjhwa komkhiqizo. == Iinkomba == qoctn2gsfrleitzq2yjgkje9m8819vx 6381 6380 2026-04-02T00:29:25Z Bobbyshabangu 66 6381 wikitext text/x-wiki '''U-Gert Shedrack Sibande''' (1901 eduze ne-Ermelo, e-Mpumalanga – 1987; owaziwa nangokuthi yi '''-Lion of the East''' ) bekayisisebenzi seplasini seSewula Afrika begodu bekasolo alwisana nebandlululo. Bekangomunye wabasolwa be -ANC ukujamela icala lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956-61 kanye no [[Nelson Mandela|-Nelson Mandela]] nabanye abali-154. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|title=Gert Sibande|access-date=2011-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108042303/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|archive-date=2009-01-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> USibande wadlala indima eqakathekileko e-Potato Boycott yango-1959.[1] Isifunda se -Gert Sibande esifundazweni se [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|-Mpumalanga]] eSewula Afrika siqanjwe ngegama lakhe. Wabelethelwa esifundeni begodu wachitha isikhathi esinengi sepilo yakhe lapho. Ngemva kokuhlongakala kwakhe wanikelwe i-Order of Luthuli in Gold ngegalelo lakhe elihle khulu ekwenzeni ngcono ubujamo bokusebenza kwabasebenzi beplasi kanye nemizamo yakhe yokuthuthukisa iSewula Afrika engabandlululi ngokobuhlanga, enobulungiswa, nentando yenengi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.polity.org.za/article/anc-zuma-address-delivered-at-the-gert-sibande-memorial-lecture-23092008-2008-09-23|title=ANC: Zuma: Address delivered at the Gert Sibande Memorial Lecture (23/09/2008)|website=www.polity.org.za}}</ref> == Ipilo yokuthoma nomsebenzi == Wabelethwa ngo-1901 esifundeni se-Ermelo se- Eastern Transvaal yangaleso sikhathi (manje [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|i-Mpumalanga]] ), u-Sibande bekayindodana yomlimi oqatjhileko. Wathoma ukusebenza emaplasini aneminyaka ebunane, lapho aqalana khona nobujamo obubudisi. Ekuthomeni bekaziwa ngokuthi ngu-Shadrack Sibande, waphiwa ibizo elithi "Gert" mBhunu owavimbela ukusetjenziswa kwamabizo wesiNgisi eplasini lakhe. Iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20, u-Sibande wasebenza emaplasini ahlukahlukeneko e-Eastern Transvaal. Ukungafuni kwakhe ukwamukela ubujamo obumbi bokusebenza kwamenza waba nedumela lokuba mraro hlangana nabaqatjhi bakhe, njengombana bekavame ukubaphikisa ngeendaba zokuhlukunyezwa. == Ukukhuthaza abasebenzi beplasi == Ngabo-1930, u-Sibande wathuthela e- [[Bethal]] Location, lapho athoma khona ukuhlela abasebenzi beplasi begodu alungisa iinkhalazo zabo. Ngesikhathi lesi, abasebenzi abanengi beplasini bebaqalene nobujamo obumbi khulu bokusebenza, basebenza kusukela ekuphumeni kwelanga ukuya ekutjhingeni kwelanga babhadelwa imali encani, begodu kanengi badla ukudla okuncani okufana ne-phuthu ne-gravy emasakeni. USibande wasiza ukusungula ihlangano yokuthoma eyaziwako yamalungelo wabasebenzi beplasini eSewula Afrika, i-Farm Workers' Association. Isiqhema lesi sisebenzele ukusiza abasebenzi beplasi bona bathole iintjalo ezibiweko begodu bathole ubujamo obungcono bokusebenza. Ngo-1939, u-Sibande wahlangana namalunga we- African National Congress (ANC) e [[Johannesburg|-Goli]] . Msinyana waba lilunga elisebenzako, wabuyela e-Bethal ukuyokwakha igatja eliqinileko le-ANC. Imizamo yakhe yenza bona kube nokutjheja okukhulu ngeemeko ezimbi abasebenzi beplasi ebebaqalene nazo, begodu wasiza ukuveza ukungabi nobulungiswa lokhu ebantwini abanengi, okufakahlangana abantu abadumileko abafana nomfundisi u-Michael Scott nentatheli u-Ruth First .<ref>Christopher Webb (2015) Fighting talk: Ruth First's early journalism 1947–1950, Review of African Political Economy, 42:143, 7-21, DOI:10.1080/03056244.2014.988697 Accessed 19 July 2017</ref> U-Sibande wasebenzisana no- Henry Nxumalo odumileko wemagazini ye-Drum, asiza ekugadangisweni kwama-atikili aveza ubujamo bokuxhaphaza kwabasebenzi beplasini ephasini. Iindaba ezitholweko zavezwa ku- ''New Age'' . ''I-Guardian'' yakhipha i-atikili yesibili ehlobene nokutholwe ngu-Gert Sibande mhlazi-25 kuNobayeni 1947. ''I-Drum Magazine'' yakhipha i-atikili efanako ngo-1952, intathelizindaba u-[[Henry Nxumalo]] nomthwebuli weenthombe u-Jurgen Schoodeberg badlala indima eqakathekileko ekutloleni ubujamo babasebenzi beplasi lamazambana e-Bethal. I-atikili le yathola ukutjhejwa kwezwe neentjhabatjhaba kodwana, imibiko yalahlwa nguNgqongqotjhe wezeNdabuko, u-Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd ePalamende. Waxoshwa e-Bethal ziimphathimandla ngo-1953 ngebanga lokuzikhakhazisa kwakhe kwezepolotiki. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathuthela [[Eswatini|eSwazini]] lapho asiza khona iphiko lebutho le-ANC uMkhonto we Sizwe . <ref name="auto">http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130901062545/http://sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande|date=2013-09-01}} Accessed 20 July 2017</ref> Ngo-1959, ngemva kweminyaka elitjhumi nambili uGert Sibande aveze ubujamo bezisebenzi, i -ANC yabika ubujamo obufanako emaplasini wommbila namanye amazambana. Bekangumhlanganyeli okhutheleko emkhankasweni wokuphikisa, umkhankaso wokulwisana nefundo yamaBantu begodu wasiza nokutlola iTjhatha yeNkululeko . Wasebenza eduze noMphathi u-Albert Luthuli, u-Moses Kotane no -Moses Mabhida . Bekalilunga lomKhandlu oPhetheko weNarha we- ANC begodu ngesikhathi sakhe soburholi, wasolwa ecaleni lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956 ukuya ku-1961. Bekangomunye wabasolwa abambalwa abathatha isikhundla sofakazi ngesikhathi secala. Wakhethwa bona abe ngumengameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958 begodu wakhethwa godu ngo-1959. <ref name="auto1" /> Wahlongakala e [[Eswatini|-Swaziland]] ngo-1987. Wangcwatshwa e -Manzini phakathi ne-Swaziland. == Ukutlhoriswa nokuhlongakala == Ikululeko ka-Sibande yenza bona kube nokutlhoriswa okukhulu ngurhulumende webandlululo. Ngo-1953, waxoshwa e-Bethal, begodu ngo-1956, wabekwa icala lokuvukela umbuso njengengcenye yecala lokuvukela umbuso elidumileko. Nanyana gade aneentjhijilo, waragela phambili nomsebenzi wakhe ngaphakathi kwe-ANC, wakhethwa njengomongameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958. Ngemva kwecala lokuvukela umbuso, u-Sibande wakateleleka bona ahlale e -Komatipoort eduze nomngcele we- [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ne [[Mozambique|-Mozambique]] . Ngo-1962, wawela waya e-Swaziland begodu ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathenga itrektara wayisebenzisela ukunikela ngeenkonzo zokulima e-Swaziland, lapho ahlala khona iminyaka eminengi ahlala ekudingisweni. Wahlongakala ngo-1987, e -Manzini, e-Swazini. Umasipala wesiyingi watjhugulula ibizo lakhe ukusuka ku-"Eastvaal" (Afrikaans: Oosvaal) waya ku-"Gert Sibande" uMasipala wesiFunda ngoNobayeni ka-2004. Kune-Gert Sibande TVET College eneendawo ezihlukahlukeneko zekhampasi. Kunesithombe sethusi saka-Gert Sibande esiqala esinye isithombe saka- [[Nokuthula Simelane]] e -Bethal . Iinthombe zingaphandle kwe-Nomoya Masilela Museum enikelwe abalweli bekululeko abafakahlangana u-Gert Sibande, u-Nokuthula Simelane, u-Ruth First no -Henry Nxumalo . UMbongeni Ngema watlola begodu waqondisa umkhiqizo wesigaba sesabelomali sezigidi ezingama-R22 'Ibhubezi leMpumalanga' ebegade uhlanganiswe ngokuduba amazambana neminikelo ka-Gert Sibande. Umkhiqizo lo bewuneenkhundla e- Trinidad, e-Jamaica ne -Suriname . Umndeni ka-Sibande ukhuphe umthetho wokukhandela ukukhiqiza umvumo lo ngombana bathi akhenge bakhulumisane nabo. Ukuvinjelwa kwabekwa eceleni msinyana ngaphambi kokukhutjhwa komkhiqizo. == Iinkomba == mq4ud6vb1tyvlvuv8borkv3agqzxazv 6382 6381 2026-04-02T00:29:45Z Bobbyshabangu 66 6382 wikitext text/x-wiki '''U-Gert Shedrack Sibande''' (1901 eduze ne-Ermelo, e-Mpumalanga – 1987; owaziwa nangokuthi yi '''-Lion of the East''' ) bekayisisebenzi seplasini seSewula Afrika begodu bekasolo alwisana nebandlululo. Bekangomunye wabasolwa be -ANC ukujamela icala lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956-61 kanye no [[Nelson Mandela|-Nelson Mandela]] nabanye abali-154. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|title=Gert Sibande|access-date=2011-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108042303/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|archive-date=2009-01-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> USibande wadlala indima eqakathekileko e-Potato Boycott yango-1959.[1] Isifunda se -Gert Sibande esifundazweni se [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|-Mpumalanga]] eSewula Afrika siqanjwe ngegama lakhe. Wabelethelwa esifundeni begodu wachitha isikhathi esinengi sepilo yakhe lapho. Ngemva kokuhlongakala kwakhe wanikelwe i-Order of Luthuli in Gold ngegalelo lakhe elihle khulu ekwenzeni ngcono ubujamo bokusebenza kwabasebenzi beplasi kanye nemizamo yakhe yokuthuthukisa iSewula Afrika engabandlululi ngokobuhlanga, enobulungiswa, nentando yenengi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.polity.org.za/article/anc-zuma-address-delivered-at-the-gert-sibande-memorial-lecture-23092008-2008-09-23|title=ANC: Zuma: Address delivered at the Gert Sibande Memorial Lecture (23/09/2008)|website=www.polity.org.za}}</ref> == Ipilo yokuthoma nomsebenzi == Wabelethwa ngo-1901 esifundeni se-Ermelo se- Eastern Transvaal yangaleso sikhathi (manje [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|i-Mpumalanga]] ), u-Sibande bekayindodana yomlimi oqatjhileko. Wathoma ukusebenza emaplasini aneminyaka ebunane, lapho aqalana khona nobujamo obubudisi. Ekuthomeni bekaziwa ngokuthi ngu-Shadrack Sibande, waphiwa ibizo elithi "Gert" mBhunu owavimbela ukusetjenziswa kwamabizo wesiNgisi eplasini lakhe. Iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20, u-Sibande wasebenza emaplasini ahlukahlukeneko e-Eastern Transvaal. Ukungafuni kwakhe ukwamukela ubujamo obumbi bokusebenza kwamenza waba nedumela lokuba mraro hlangana nabaqatjhi bakhe, njengombana bekavame ukubaphikisa ngeendaba zokuhlukunyezwa. == Ukukhuthaza abasebenzi beplasi == Ngabo-1930, u-Sibande wathuthela e- [[Bethal]] Location, lapho athoma khona ukuhlela abasebenzi beplasi begodu alungisa iinkhalazo zabo. Ngesikhathi lesi, abasebenzi abanengi beplasini bebaqalene nobujamo obumbi khulu bokusebenza, basebenza kusukela ekuphumeni kwelanga ukuya ekutjhingeni kwelanga babhadelwa imali encani, begodu kanengi badla ukudla okuncani okufana ne-phuthu ne-gravy emasakeni. USibande wasiza ukusungula ihlangano yokuthoma eyaziwako yamalungelo wabasebenzi beplasini eSewula Afrika, i-Farm Workers' Association. Isiqhema lesi sisebenzele ukusiza abasebenzi beplasi bona bathole iintjalo ezibiweko begodu bathole ubujamo obungcono bokusebenza. Ngo-1939, u-Sibande wahlangana namalunga we- African National Congress (ANC) e [[Johannesburg|-Goli]] . Msinyana waba lilunga elisebenzako, wabuyela e-Bethal ukuyokwakha igatja eliqinileko le-ANC. Imizamo yakhe yenza bona kube nokutjheja okukhulu ngeemeko ezimbi abasebenzi beplasi ebebaqalene nazo, begodu wasiza ukuveza ukungabi nobulungiswa lokhu ebantwini abanengi, okufakahlangana abantu abadumileko abafana nomfundisi u-Michael Scott nentatheli u-Ruth First .<ref>Christopher Webb (2015) Fighting talk: Ruth First's early journalism 1947–1950, Review of African Political Economy, 42:143, 7-21, DOI:10.1080/03056244.2014.988697 Accessed 19 July 2017</ref> U-Sibande wasebenzisana no- Henry Nxumalo odumileko wemagazini ye-Drum, asiza ekugadangisweni kwama-atikili aveza ubujamo bokuxhaphaza kwabasebenzi beplasini ephasini. Iindaba ezitholweko zavezwa ku- ''New Age'' . ''I-Guardian'' yakhipha i-atikili yesibili ehlobene nokutholwe ngu-Gert Sibande mhlazi-25 kuNobayeni 1947. ''I-Drum Magazine'' yakhipha i-atikili efanako ngo-1952, intathelizindaba u-[[Henry Nxumalo]] nomthwebuli weenthombe u-Jurgen Schoodeberg badlala indima eqakathekileko ekutloleni ubujamo babasebenzi beplasi lamazambana e-Bethal. I-atikili le yathola ukutjhejwa kwezwe neentjhabatjhaba kodwana, imibiko yalahlwa nguNgqongqotjhe wezeNdabuko, u-Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd ePalamende. Waxoshwa e-Bethal ziimphathimandla ngo-1953 ngebanga lokuzikhakhazisa kwakhe kwezepolotiki. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathuthela [[Eswatini|eSwazini]] lapho asiza khona iphiko lebutho le-ANC uMkhonto we Sizwe . <ref name="auto">http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130901062545/http://sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande|date=2013-09-01}} Accessed 20 July 2017</ref> Ngo-1959, ngemva kweminyaka elitjhumi nambili uGert Sibande aveze ubujamo bezisebenzi, i -ANC yabika ubujamo obufanako emaplasini wommbila namanye amazambana. Bekangumhlanganyeli okhutheleko emkhankasweni wokuphikisa, umkhankaso wokulwisana nefundo yamaBantu begodu wasiza nokutlola iTjhatha yeNkululeko . Wasebenza eduze noMphathi u-Albert Luthuli, u-Moses Kotane no -Moses Mabhida . Bekalilunga lomKhandlu oPhetheko weNarha we- ANC begodu ngesikhathi sakhe soburholi, wasolwa ecaleni lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956 ukuya ku-1961. Bekangomunye wabasolwa abambalwa abathatha isikhundla sofakazi ngesikhathi secala. Wakhethwa bona abe ngumengameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958 begodu wakhethwa godu ngo-1959. <ref name="auto1" /> Wahlongakala e [[Eswatini|-Swaziland]] ngo-1987. Wangcwatshwa e -Manzini phakathi ne-Swaziland. == Ukutlhoriswa nokuhlongakala == Ikululeko ka-Sibande yenza bona kube nokutlhoriswa okukhulu ngurhulumende webandlululo. Ngo-1953, waxoshwa e-Bethal, begodu ngo-1956, wabekwa icala lokuvukela umbuso njengengcenye yecala lokuvukela umbuso elidumileko. Nanyana gade aneentjhijilo, waragela phambili nomsebenzi wakhe ngaphakathi kwe-ANC, wakhethwa njengomongameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958. Ngemva kwecala lokuvukela umbuso, u-Sibande wakateleleka bona ahlale e -Komatipoort eduze nomngcele we- [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ne [[Mozambique|-Mozambique]] . Ngo-1962, wawela waya e-Swaziland begodu ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathenga itrektara wayisebenzisela ukunikela ngeenkonzo zokulima e-Swaziland, lapho ahlala khona iminyaka eminengi ahlala ekudingisweni. Wahlongakala ngo-1987, e -Manzini, e-Swazini. Umasipala wesiyingi watjhugulula ibizo lakhe ukusuka ku-"Eastvaal" (Afrikaans: Oosvaal) waya ku-"Gert Sibande" uMasipala wesiFunda ngoNobayeni ka-2004. Kune-Gert Sibande TVET College eneendawo ezihlukahlukeneko zekhampasi. Kunesithombe sethusi saka-Gert Sibande esiqala esinye isithombe saka- [[Nokuthula Simelane]] e -Bethal . Iinthombe zingaphandle kwe-Nomoya Masilela Museum enikelwe abalweli bekululeko abafakahlangana u-Gert Sibande, u-Nokuthula Simelane, u-Ruth First no -Henry Nxumalo . UMbongeni Ngema watlola begodu waqondisa umkhiqizo wesigaba sesabelomali sezigidi ezingama-R22 'Ibhubezi leMpumalanga' ebegade uhlanganiswe ngokuduba amazambana neminikelo ka-Gert Sibande. Umkhiqizo lo bewuneenkhundla e- Trinidad, e-Jamaica ne -Suriname . Umndeni ka-Sibande ukhuphe umthetho wokukhandela ukukhiqiza umvumo lo ngombana bathi akhenge bakhulumisane nabo. Ukuvinjelwa kwabekwa eceleni msinyana ngaphambi kokukhutjhwa komkhiqizo. == Iinkomba == {{reflist}} 2e9adj6yutcbjz6odycnlyarvcejbez 6383 6382 2026-04-02T00:30:27Z Bobbyshabangu 66 6383 wikitext text/x-wiki '''U-Gert Shedrack Sibande''' (1901 eduze ne-Ermelo, e-Mpumalanga – 1987; owaziwa nangokuthi yi '''-Lion of the East''' ) bekayisisebenzi seplasini seSewula Afrika begodu bekasolo alwisana nebandlululo. Bekangomunye wabasolwa be -ANC ukujamela icala lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956-61 kanye no [[Nelson Mandela|-Nelson Mandela]] nabanye abali-154. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|title=Gert Sibande|access-date=2011-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108042303/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|archive-date=2009-01-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> USibande wadlala indima eqakathekileko e-Potato Boycott yango-1959.[1] Isifunda se -Gert Sibande esifundazweni se [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|-Mpumalanga]] eSewula Afrika siqanjwe ngegama lakhe. Wabelethelwa esifundeni begodu wachitha isikhathi esinengi sepilo yakhe lapho. Ngemva kokuhlongakala kwakhe wanikelwe i-Order of Luthuli in Gold ngegalelo lakhe elihle khulu ekwenzeni ngcono ubujamo bokusebenza kwabasebenzi beplasi kanye nemizamo yakhe yokuthuthukisa iSewula Afrika engabandlululi ngokobuhlanga, enobulungiswa, nentando yenengi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.polity.org.za/article/anc-zuma-address-delivered-at-the-gert-sibande-memorial-lecture-23092008-2008-09-23|title=ANC: Zuma: Address delivered at the Gert Sibande Memorial Lecture (23/09/2008)|website=www.polity.org.za}}</ref> == Ipilo yokuthoma nomsebenzi == Wabelethwa ngo-1901 esifundeni se-Ermelo se- Eastern Transvaal yangaleso sikhathi (manje [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|i-Mpumalanga]] ), u-Sibande bekayindodana yomlimi oqatjhileko. Wathoma ukusebenza emaplasini aneminyaka ebunane, lapho aqalana khona nobujamo obubudisi. Ekuthomeni bekaziwa ngokuthi ngu-Shadrack Sibande, waphiwa ibizo elithi "Gert" mBhunu owavimbela ukusetjenziswa kwamabizo wesiNgisi eplasini lakhe. Iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20, u-Sibande wasebenza emaplasini ahlukahlukeneko e-Eastern Transvaal. Ukungafuni kwakhe ukwamukela ubujamo obumbi bokusebenza kwamenza waba nedumela lokuba mraro hlangana nabaqatjhi bakhe, njengombana bekavame ukubaphikisa ngeendaba zokuhlukunyezwa. == Ukukhuthaza abasebenzi beplasi == Ngabo-1930, u-Sibande wathuthela e- [[Bethal]] Location, lapho athoma khona ukuhlela abasebenzi beplasi begodu alungisa iinkhalazo zabo. Ngesikhathi lesi, abasebenzi abanengi beplasini bebaqalene nobujamo obumbi khulu bokusebenza, basebenza kusukela ekuphumeni kwelanga ukuya ekutjhingeni kwelanga babhadelwa imali encani, begodu kanengi badla ukudla okuncani okufana ne-phuthu ne-gravy emasakeni. USibande wasiza ukusungula ihlangano yokuthoma eyaziwako yamalungelo wabasebenzi beplasini eSewula Afrika, i-Farm Workers' Association. Isiqhema lesi sisebenzele ukusiza abasebenzi beplasi bona bathole iintjalo ezibiweko begodu bathole ubujamo obungcono bokusebenza. Ngo-1939, u-Sibande wahlangana namalunga we- African National Congress (ANC) e [[Johannesburg|-Goli]] . Msinyana waba lilunga elisebenzako, wabuyela e-Bethal ukuyokwakha igatja eliqinileko le-ANC. Imizamo yakhe yenza bona kube nokutjheja okukhulu ngeemeko ezimbi abasebenzi beplasi ebebaqalene nazo, begodu wasiza ukuveza ukungabi nobulungiswa lokhu ebantwini abanengi, okufakahlangana abantu abadumileko abafana nomfundisi u-Michael Scott nentatheli u-Ruth First .<ref>Christopher Webb (2015) Fighting talk: Ruth First's early journalism 1947–1950, Review of African Political Economy, 42:143, 7-21, DOI:10.1080/03056244.2014.988697 Accessed 19 July 2017</ref> U-Sibande wasebenzisana no- Henry Nxumalo odumileko wemagazini ye-Drum, asiza ekugadangisweni kwama-atikili aveza ubujamo bokuxhaphaza kwabasebenzi beplasini ephasini. Iindaba ezitholweko zavezwa ku- ''New Age'' . ''I-Guardian'' yakhipha i-atikili yesibili ehlobene nokutholwe ngu-Gert Sibande mhlazi-25 kuNobayeni 1947. ''I-Drum Magazine'' yakhipha i-atikili efanako ngo-1952, intathelizindaba u-[[Henry Nxumalo]] nomthwebuli weenthombe u-Jurgen Schoodeberg badlala indima eqakathekileko ekutloleni ubujamo babasebenzi beplasi lamazambana e-Bethal. I-atikili le yathola ukutjhejwa kwezwe neentjhabatjhaba kodwana, imibiko yalahlwa nguNgqongqotjhe wezeNdabuko, u-Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd ePalamende. Waxoshwa e-Bethal ziimphathimandla ngo-1953 ngebanga lokuzikhakhazisa kwakhe kwezepolotiki. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathuthela [[Eswatini|eSwazini]] lapho asiza khona iphiko lebutho le-ANC uMkhonto we Sizwe . <ref name="auto">http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130901062545/http://sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande|date=2013-09-01}} Accessed 20 July 2017</ref> Ngo-1959, ngemva kweminyaka elitjhumi nambili uGert Sibande aveze ubujamo bezisebenzi, i -ANC yabika ubujamo obufanako emaplasini wommbila namanye amazambana. Bekangumhlanganyeli okhutheleko emkhankasweni wokuphikisa, umkhankaso wokulwisana nefundo yamaBantu begodu wasiza nokutlola iTjhatha yeNkululeko . Wasebenza eduze noMphathi u-Albert Luthuli, u-Moses Kotane no -Moses Mabhida . Bekalilunga lomKhandlu oPhetheko weNarha we- ANC begodu ngesikhathi sakhe soburholi, wasolwa ecaleni lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956 ukuya ku-1961. Bekangomunye wabasolwa abambalwa abathatha isikhundla sofakazi ngesikhathi secala. Wakhethwa bona abe ngumengameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958 begodu wakhethwa godu ngo-1959. <ref name="auto1" /> Wahlongakala e [[Eswatini|-Swaziland]] ngo-1987. Wangcwatshwa e -Manzini phakathi ne-Swaziland. == Ukutlhoriswa nokuhlongakala == Ikululeko ka-Sibande yenza bona kube nokutlhoriswa okukhulu ngurhulumende webandlululo. Ngo-1953, waxoshwa e-Bethal, begodu ngo-1956, wabekwa icala lokuvukela umbuso njengengcenye yecala lokuvukela umbuso elidumileko. Nanyana gade aneentjhijilo, waragela phambili nomsebenzi wakhe ngaphakathi kwe-ANC, wakhethwa njengomongameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958. Ngemva kwecala lokuvukela umbuso, u-Sibande wakateleleka bona ahlale e -Komatipoort eduze nomngcele we- [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ne [[Mozambique|-Mozambique]] . Ngo-1962, wawela waya e-Swaziland begodu ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathenga itrektara wayisebenzisela ukunikela ngeenkonzo zokulima e-Swaziland, lapho ahlala khona iminyaka eminengi ahlala ekudingisweni. Wahlongakala ngo-1987, e -Manzini, e-Swazini. Umasipala wesiyingi watjhugulula ibizo lakhe ukusuka ku-"Eastvaal" (Afrikaans: Oosvaal) waya ku-"Gert Sibande" uMasipala wesiFunda ngoNobayeni ka-2004. Kune-Gert Sibande TVET College eneendawo ezihlukahlukeneko zekhampasi. Kunesithombe sethusi saka-Gert Sibande esiqala esinye isithombe saka- [[Nokuthula Simelane]] e -Bethal . Iinthombe zingaphandle kwe-Nomoya Masilela Museum enikelwe abalweli bekululeko abafakahlangana u-Gert Sibande, u-Nokuthula Simelane, u-Ruth First no -Henry Nxumalo . UMbongeni Ngema watlola begodu waqondisa umkhiqizo wesigaba sesabelomali sezigidi ezingama-R22 'Ibhubezi leMpumalanga' ebegade uhlanganiswe ngokuduba amazambana neminikelo ka-Gert Sibande. Umkhiqizo lo bewuneenkhundla e- Trinidad, e-Jamaica ne -Suriname . Umndeni ka-Sibande ukhuphe umthetho wokukhandela ukukhiqiza umvumo lo ngombana bathi akhenge bakhulumisane nabo. Ukuvinjelwa kwabekwa eceleni msinyana ngaphambi kokukhutjhwa komkhiqizo. == Iinkomba == {{reflist}} [[Category;Bantu]] 1lxscc6nc00jggtleych5h5bebiqjjb 6384 6383 2026-04-02T00:30:54Z Bobbyshabangu 66 6384 wikitext text/x-wiki '''U-Gert Shedrack Sibande''' (1901 eduze ne-Ermelo, e-Mpumalanga – 1987; owaziwa nangokuthi yi '''-Lion of the East''' ) bekayisisebenzi seplasini seSewula Afrika begodu bekasolo alwisana nebandlululo. Bekangomunye wabasolwa be -ANC ukujamela icala lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956-61 kanye no [[Nelson Mandela|-Nelson Mandela]] nabanye abali-154. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|title=Gert Sibande|access-date=2011-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108042303/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|archive-date=2009-01-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> USibande wadlala indima eqakathekileko e-Potato Boycott yango-1959.[1] Isifunda se -Gert Sibande esifundazweni se [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|-Mpumalanga]] eSewula Afrika siqanjwe ngegama lakhe. Wabelethelwa esifundeni begodu wachitha isikhathi esinengi sepilo yakhe lapho. Ngemva kokuhlongakala kwakhe wanikelwe i-Order of Luthuli in Gold ngegalelo lakhe elihle khulu ekwenzeni ngcono ubujamo bokusebenza kwabasebenzi beplasi kanye nemizamo yakhe yokuthuthukisa iSewula Afrika engabandlululi ngokobuhlanga, enobulungiswa, nentando yenengi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.polity.org.za/article/anc-zuma-address-delivered-at-the-gert-sibande-memorial-lecture-23092008-2008-09-23|title=ANC: Zuma: Address delivered at the Gert Sibande Memorial Lecture (23/09/2008)|website=www.polity.org.za}}</ref> == Ipilo yokuthoma nomsebenzi == Wabelethwa ngo-1901 esifundeni se-Ermelo se- Eastern Transvaal yangaleso sikhathi (manje [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|i-Mpumalanga]] ), u-Sibande bekayindodana yomlimi oqatjhileko. Wathoma ukusebenza emaplasini aneminyaka ebunane, lapho aqalana khona nobujamo obubudisi. Ekuthomeni bekaziwa ngokuthi ngu-Shadrack Sibande, waphiwa ibizo elithi "Gert" mBhunu owavimbela ukusetjenziswa kwamabizo wesiNgisi eplasini lakhe. Iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20, u-Sibande wasebenza emaplasini ahlukahlukeneko e-Eastern Transvaal. Ukungafuni kwakhe ukwamukela ubujamo obumbi bokusebenza kwamenza waba nedumela lokuba mraro hlangana nabaqatjhi bakhe, njengombana bekavame ukubaphikisa ngeendaba zokuhlukunyezwa. == Ukukhuthaza abasebenzi beplasi == Ngabo-1930, u-Sibande wathuthela e- [[Bethal]] Location, lapho athoma khona ukuhlela abasebenzi beplasi begodu alungisa iinkhalazo zabo. Ngesikhathi lesi, abasebenzi abanengi beplasini bebaqalene nobujamo obumbi khulu bokusebenza, basebenza kusukela ekuphumeni kwelanga ukuya ekutjhingeni kwelanga babhadelwa imali encani, begodu kanengi badla ukudla okuncani okufana ne-phuthu ne-gravy emasakeni. USibande wasiza ukusungula ihlangano yokuthoma eyaziwako yamalungelo wabasebenzi beplasini eSewula Afrika, i-Farm Workers' Association. Isiqhema lesi sisebenzele ukusiza abasebenzi beplasi bona bathole iintjalo ezibiweko begodu bathole ubujamo obungcono bokusebenza. Ngo-1939, u-Sibande wahlangana namalunga we- African National Congress (ANC) e [[Johannesburg|-Goli]] . Msinyana waba lilunga elisebenzako, wabuyela e-Bethal ukuyokwakha igatja eliqinileko le-ANC. Imizamo yakhe yenza bona kube nokutjheja okukhulu ngeemeko ezimbi abasebenzi beplasi ebebaqalene nazo, begodu wasiza ukuveza ukungabi nobulungiswa lokhu ebantwini abanengi, okufakahlangana abantu abadumileko abafana nomfundisi u-Michael Scott nentatheli u-Ruth First .<ref>Christopher Webb (2015) Fighting talk: Ruth First's early journalism 1947–1950, Review of African Political Economy, 42:143, 7-21, DOI:10.1080/03056244.2014.988697 Accessed 19 July 2017</ref> U-Sibande wasebenzisana no- Henry Nxumalo odumileko wemagazini ye-Drum, asiza ekugadangisweni kwama-atikili aveza ubujamo bokuxhaphaza kwabasebenzi beplasini ephasini. Iindaba ezitholweko zavezwa ku- ''New Age'' . ''I-Guardian'' yakhipha i-atikili yesibili ehlobene nokutholwe ngu-Gert Sibande mhlazi-25 kuNobayeni 1947. ''I-Drum Magazine'' yakhipha i-atikili efanako ngo-1952, intathelizindaba u-[[Henry Nxumalo]] nomthwebuli weenthombe u-Jurgen Schoodeberg badlala indima eqakathekileko ekutloleni ubujamo babasebenzi beplasi lamazambana e-Bethal. I-atikili le yathola ukutjhejwa kwezwe neentjhabatjhaba kodwana, imibiko yalahlwa nguNgqongqotjhe wezeNdabuko, u-Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd ePalamende. Waxoshwa e-Bethal ziimphathimandla ngo-1953 ngebanga lokuzikhakhazisa kwakhe kwezepolotiki. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathuthela [[Eswatini|eSwazini]] lapho asiza khona iphiko lebutho le-ANC uMkhonto we Sizwe . <ref name="auto">http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130901062545/http://sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande|date=2013-09-01}} Accessed 20 July 2017</ref> Ngo-1959, ngemva kweminyaka elitjhumi nambili uGert Sibande aveze ubujamo bezisebenzi, i -ANC yabika ubujamo obufanako emaplasini wommbila namanye amazambana. Bekangumhlanganyeli okhutheleko emkhankasweni wokuphikisa, umkhankaso wokulwisana nefundo yamaBantu begodu wasiza nokutlola iTjhatha yeNkululeko . Wasebenza eduze noMphathi u-Albert Luthuli, u-Moses Kotane no -Moses Mabhida . Bekalilunga lomKhandlu oPhetheko weNarha we- ANC begodu ngesikhathi sakhe soburholi, wasolwa ecaleni lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956 ukuya ku-1961. Bekangomunye wabasolwa abambalwa abathatha isikhundla sofakazi ngesikhathi secala. Wakhethwa bona abe ngumengameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958 begodu wakhethwa godu ngo-1959. <ref name="auto1" /> Wahlongakala e [[Eswatini|-Swaziland]] ngo-1987. Wangcwatshwa e -Manzini phakathi ne-Swaziland. == Ukutlhoriswa nokuhlongakala == Ikululeko ka-Sibande yenza bona kube nokutlhoriswa okukhulu ngurhulumende webandlululo. Ngo-1953, waxoshwa e-Bethal, begodu ngo-1956, wabekwa icala lokuvukela umbuso njengengcenye yecala lokuvukela umbuso elidumileko. Nanyana gade aneentjhijilo, waragela phambili nomsebenzi wakhe ngaphakathi kwe-ANC, wakhethwa njengomongameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958. Ngemva kwecala lokuvukela umbuso, u-Sibande wakateleleka bona ahlale e -Komatipoort eduze nomngcele we- [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ne [[Mozambique|-Mozambique]] . Ngo-1962, wawela waya e-Swaziland begodu ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathenga itrektara wayisebenzisela ukunikela ngeenkonzo zokulima e-Swaziland, lapho ahlala khona iminyaka eminengi ahlala ekudingisweni. Wahlongakala ngo-1987, e -Manzini, e-Swazini. Umasipala wesiyingi watjhugulula ibizo lakhe ukusuka ku-"Eastvaal" (Afrikaans: Oosvaal) waya ku-"Gert Sibande" uMasipala wesiFunda ngoNobayeni ka-2004. Kune-Gert Sibande TVET College eneendawo ezihlukahlukeneko zekhampasi. Kunesithombe sethusi saka-Gert Sibande esiqala esinye isithombe saka- [[Nokuthula Simelane]] e -Bethal . Iinthombe zingaphandle kwe-Nomoya Masilela Museum enikelwe abalweli bekululeko abafakahlangana u-Gert Sibande, u-Nokuthula Simelane, u-Ruth First no -Henry Nxumalo . UMbongeni Ngema watlola begodu waqondisa umkhiqizo wesigaba sesabelomali sezigidi ezingama-R22 'Ibhubezi leMpumalanga' ebegade uhlanganiswe ngokuduba amazambana neminikelo ka-Gert Sibande. Umkhiqizo lo bewuneenkhundla e- Trinidad, e-Jamaica ne -Suriname . Umndeni ka-Sibande ukhuphe umthetho wokukhandela ukukhiqiza umvumo lo ngombana bathi akhenge bakhulumisane nabo. Ukuvinjelwa kwabekwa eceleni msinyana ngaphambi kokukhutjhwa komkhiqizo. == Iinkomba == {{reflist}} [[Category;Bantu]] [[Category:Sewula Afrika]] monlhvtodpd48wijno71qe7fyprxoyp 6385 6384 2026-04-02T00:31:48Z Bobbyshabangu 66 6385 wikitext text/x-wiki '''U-Gert Shedrack Sibande''' (1901 eduze ne-Ermelo, e-Mpumalanga – 1987; owaziwa nangokuthi yi '''-Lion of the East''' ) bekayisisebenzi seplasini seSewula Afrika begodu bekasolo alwisana nebandlululo. Bekangomunye wabasolwa be -ANC ukujamela icala lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956-61 kanye no [[Nelson Mandela|-Nelson Mandela]] nabanye abali-154. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|title=Gert Sibande|access-date=2011-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108042303/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|archive-date=2009-01-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> USibande wadlala indima eqakathekileko e-Potato Boycott yango-1959.[1] Isifunda se -Gert Sibande esifundazweni se [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|-Mpumalanga]] eSewula Afrika siqanjwe ngegama lakhe. Wabelethelwa esifundeni begodu wachitha isikhathi esinengi sepilo yakhe lapho. Ngemva kokuhlongakala kwakhe wanikelwe i-Order of Luthuli in Gold ngegalelo lakhe elihle khulu ekwenzeni ngcono ubujamo bokusebenza kwabasebenzi beplasi kanye nemizamo yakhe yokuthuthukisa iSewula Afrika engabandlululi ngokobuhlanga, enobulungiswa, nentando yenengi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.polity.org.za/article/anc-zuma-address-delivered-at-the-gert-sibande-memorial-lecture-23092008-2008-09-23|title=ANC: Zuma: Address delivered at the Gert Sibande Memorial Lecture (23/09/2008)|website=www.polity.org.za}}</ref> == Ipilo yokuthoma nomsebenzi == Wabelethwa ngo-1901 esifundeni se-Ermelo se- Eastern Transvaal yangaleso sikhathi (manje [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|i-Mpumalanga]] ), u-Sibande bekayindodana yomlimi oqatjhileko. Wathoma ukusebenza emaplasini aneminyaka ebunane, lapho aqalana khona nobujamo obubudisi. Ekuthomeni bekaziwa ngokuthi ngu-Shadrack Sibande, waphiwa ibizo elithi "Gert" mBhunu owavimbela ukusetjenziswa kwamabizo wesiNgisi eplasini lakhe. Iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20, u-Sibande wasebenza emaplasini ahlukahlukeneko e-Eastern Transvaal. Ukungafuni kwakhe ukwamukela ubujamo obumbi bokusebenza kwamenza waba nedumela lokuba mraro hlangana nabaqatjhi bakhe, njengombana bekavame ukubaphikisa ngeendaba zokuhlukunyezwa. == Ukukhuthaza abasebenzi beplasi == Ngabo-1930, u-Sibande wathuthela e- [[Bethal]] Location, lapho athoma khona ukuhlela abasebenzi beplasi begodu alungisa iinkhalazo zabo. Ngesikhathi lesi, abasebenzi abanengi beplasini bebaqalene nobujamo obumbi khulu bokusebenza, basebenza kusukela ekuphumeni kwelanga ukuya ekutjhingeni kwelanga babhadelwa imali encani, begodu kanengi badla ukudla okuncani okufana ne-phuthu ne-gravy emasakeni. USibande wasiza ukusungula ihlangano yokuthoma eyaziwako yamalungelo wabasebenzi beplasini eSewula Afrika, i-Farm Workers' Association. Isiqhema lesi sisebenzele ukusiza abasebenzi beplasi bona bathole iintjalo ezibiweko begodu bathole ubujamo obungcono bokusebenza. Ngo-1939, u-Sibande wahlangana namalunga we- African National Congress (ANC) e [[Johannesburg|-Goli]] . Msinyana waba lilunga elisebenzako, wabuyela e-Bethal ukuyokwakha igatja eliqinileko le-ANC. Imizamo yakhe yenza bona kube nokutjheja okukhulu ngeemeko ezimbi abasebenzi beplasi ebebaqalene nazo, begodu wasiza ukuveza ukungabi nobulungiswa lokhu ebantwini abanengi, okufakahlangana abantu abadumileko abafana nomfundisi u-Michael Scott nentatheli u-Ruth First .<ref>Christopher Webb (2015) Fighting talk: Ruth First's early journalism 1947–1950, Review of African Political Economy, 42:143, 7-21, DOI:10.1080/03056244.2014.988697 Accessed 19 July 2017</ref> U-Sibande wasebenzisana no- Henry Nxumalo odumileko wemagazini ye-Drum, asiza ekugadangisweni kwama-atikili aveza ubujamo bokuxhaphaza kwabasebenzi beplasini ephasini. Iindaba ezitholweko zavezwa ku- ''New Age'' . ''I-Guardian'' yakhipha i-atikili yesibili ehlobene nokutholwe ngu-Gert Sibande mhlazi-25 kuNobayeni 1947. ''I-Drum Magazine'' yakhipha i-atikili efanako ngo-1952, intathelizindaba u-[[Henry Nxumalo]] nomthwebuli weenthombe u-Jurgen Schoodeberg badlala indima eqakathekileko ekutloleni ubujamo babasebenzi beplasi lamazambana e-Bethal. I-atikili le yathola ukutjhejwa kwezwe neentjhabatjhaba kodwana, imibiko yalahlwa nguNgqongqotjhe wezeNdabuko, u-Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd ePalamende. Waxoshwa e-Bethal ziimphathimandla ngo-1953 ngebanga lokuzikhakhazisa kwakhe kwezepolotiki. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathuthela [[Eswatini|eSwazini]] lapho asiza khona iphiko lebutho le-ANC uMkhonto we Sizwe . <ref name="auto">http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130901062545/http://sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande|date=2013-09-01}} Accessed 20 July 2017</ref> Ngo-1959, ngemva kweminyaka elitjhumi nambili uGert Sibande aveze ubujamo bezisebenzi, i -ANC yabika ubujamo obufanako emaplasini wommbila namanye amazambana. Bekangumhlanganyeli okhutheleko emkhankasweni wokuphikisa, umkhankaso wokulwisana nefundo yamaBantu begodu wasiza nokutlola iTjhatha yeNkululeko . Wasebenza eduze noMphathi u-Albert Luthuli, u-Moses Kotane no -Moses Mabhida . Bekalilunga lomKhandlu oPhetheko weNarha we- ANC begodu ngesikhathi sakhe soburholi, wasolwa ecaleni lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956 ukuya ku-1961. Bekangomunye wabasolwa abambalwa abathatha isikhundla sofakazi ngesikhathi secala. Wakhethwa bona abe ngumengameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958 begodu wakhethwa godu ngo-1959. <ref name="auto1" /> Wahlongakala e [[Eswatini|-Swaziland]] ngo-1987. Wangcwatshwa e -Manzini phakathi ne-Swaziland. == Ukutlhoriswa nokuhlongakala == Ikululeko ka-Sibande yenza bona kube nokutlhoriswa okukhulu ngurhulumende webandlululo. Ngo-1953, waxoshwa e-Bethal, begodu ngo-1956, wabekwa icala lokuvukela umbuso njengengcenye yecala lokuvukela umbuso elidumileko. Nanyana gade aneentjhijilo, waragela phambili nomsebenzi wakhe ngaphakathi kwe-ANC, wakhethwa njengomongameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958. Ngemva kwecala lokuvukela umbuso, u-Sibande wakateleleka bona ahlale e -Komatipoort eduze nomngcele we- [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ne [[Mozambique|-Mozambique]] . Ngo-1962, wawela waya e-Swaziland begodu ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathenga itrektara wayisebenzisela ukunikela ngeenkonzo zokulima e-Swaziland, lapho ahlala khona iminyaka eminengi ahlala ekudingisweni. Wahlongakala ngo-1987, e -Manzini, e-Swazini. Umasipala wesiyingi watjhugulula ibizo lakhe ukusuka ku-"Eastvaal" (Afrikaans: Oosvaal) waya ku-"Gert Sibande" uMasipala wesiFunda ngoNobayeni ka-2004. Kune-Gert Sibande TVET College eneendawo ezihlukahlukeneko zekhampasi. Kunesithombe sethusi saka-Gert Sibande esiqala esinye isithombe saka- [[Nokuthula Simelane]] e -Bethal . Iinthombe zingaphandle kwe-Nomoya Masilela Museum enikelwe abalweli bekululeko abafakahlangana u-Gert Sibande, u-Nokuthula Simelane, u-Ruth First no -Henry Nxumalo . UMbongeni Ngema watlola begodu waqondisa umkhiqizo wesigaba sesabelomali sezigidi ezingama-R22 'Ibhubezi leMpumalanga' ebegade uhlanganiswe ngokuduba amazambana neminikelo ka-Gert Sibande. Umkhiqizo lo bewuneenkhundla e- Trinidad, e-Jamaica ne -Suriname . Umndeni ka-Sibande ukhuphe umthetho wokukhandela ukukhiqiza umvumo lo ngombana bathi akhenge bakhulumisane nabo. Ukuvinjelwa kwabekwa eceleni msinyana ngaphambi kokukhutjhwa komkhiqizo. == Iinkomba == {{reflist}} [[Category;Abantu]] [[Category:Sewula Afrika]] nwlgt638r5ifh0p5932ouob4t9kb11j 6386 6385 2026-04-02T00:32:28Z Bobbyshabangu 66 6386 wikitext text/x-wiki '''U-Gert Shedrack Sibande''' (1901 eduze ne-Ermelo, e-Mpumalanga – 1987; owaziwa nangokuthi yi '''-Lion of the East''' ) bekayisisebenzi seplasini seSewula Afrika begodu bekasolo alwisana nebandlululo. Bekangomunye wabasolwa be -ANC ukujamela icala lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956-61 kanye no [[Nelson Mandela|-Nelson Mandela]] nabanye abali-154. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|title=Gert Sibande|access-date=2011-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108042303/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|archive-date=2009-01-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> USibande wadlala indima eqakathekileko e-Potato Boycott yango-1959.[1] Isifunda se -Gert Sibande esifundazweni se [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|-Mpumalanga]] eSewula Afrika siqanjwe ngegama lakhe. Wabelethelwa esifundeni begodu wachitha isikhathi esinengi sepilo yakhe lapho. Ngemva kokuhlongakala kwakhe wanikelwe i-Order of Luthuli in Gold ngegalelo lakhe elihle khulu ekwenzeni ngcono ubujamo bokusebenza kwabasebenzi beplasi kanye nemizamo yakhe yokuthuthukisa iSewula Afrika engabandlululi ngokobuhlanga, enobulungiswa, nentando yenengi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.polity.org.za/article/anc-zuma-address-delivered-at-the-gert-sibande-memorial-lecture-23092008-2008-09-23|title=ANC: Zuma: Address delivered at the Gert Sibande Memorial Lecture (23/09/2008)|website=www.polity.org.za}}</ref> == Ipilo yokuthoma nomsebenzi == Wabelethwa ngo-1901 esifundeni se-Ermelo se- Eastern Transvaal yangaleso sikhathi (manje [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|i-Mpumalanga]] ), u-Sibande bekayindodana yomlimi oqatjhileko. Wathoma ukusebenza emaplasini aneminyaka ebunane, lapho aqalana khona nobujamo obubudisi. Ekuthomeni bekaziwa ngokuthi ngu-Shadrack Sibande, waphiwa ibizo elithi "Gert" mBhunu owavimbela ukusetjenziswa kwamabizo wesiNgisi eplasini lakhe. Iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20, u-Sibande wasebenza emaplasini ahlukahlukeneko e-Eastern Transvaal. Ukungafuni kwakhe ukwamukela ubujamo obumbi bokusebenza kwamenza waba nedumela lokuba mraro hlangana nabaqatjhi bakhe, njengombana bekavame ukubaphikisa ngeendaba zokuhlukunyezwa. == Ukukhuthaza abasebenzi beplasi == Ngabo-1930, u-Sibande wathuthela e- [[Bethal]] Location, lapho athoma khona ukuhlela abasebenzi beplasi begodu alungisa iinkhalazo zabo. Ngesikhathi lesi, abasebenzi abanengi beplasini bebaqalene nobujamo obumbi khulu bokusebenza, basebenza kusukela ekuphumeni kwelanga ukuya ekutjhingeni kwelanga babhadelwa imali encani, begodu kanengi badla ukudla okuncani okufana ne-phuthu ne-gravy emasakeni. USibande wasiza ukusungula ihlangano yokuthoma eyaziwako yamalungelo wabasebenzi beplasini eSewula Afrika, i-Farm Workers' Association. Isiqhema lesi sisebenzele ukusiza abasebenzi beplasi bona bathole iintjalo ezibiweko begodu bathole ubujamo obungcono bokusebenza. Ngo-1939, u-Sibande wahlangana namalunga we- African National Congress (ANC) e [[Johannesburg|-Goli]] . Msinyana waba lilunga elisebenzako, wabuyela e-Bethal ukuyokwakha igatja eliqinileko le-ANC. Imizamo yakhe yenza bona kube nokutjheja okukhulu ngeemeko ezimbi abasebenzi beplasi ebebaqalene nazo, begodu wasiza ukuveza ukungabi nobulungiswa lokhu ebantwini abanengi, okufakahlangana abantu abadumileko abafana nomfundisi u-Michael Scott nentatheli u-Ruth First .<ref>Christopher Webb (2015) Fighting talk: Ruth First's early journalism 1947–1950, Review of African Political Economy, 42:143, 7-21, DOI:10.1080/03056244.2014.988697 Accessed 19 July 2017</ref> U-Sibande wasebenzisana no- Henry Nxumalo odumileko wemagazini ye-Drum, asiza ekugadangisweni kwama-atikili aveza ubujamo bokuxhaphaza kwabasebenzi beplasini ephasini. Iindaba ezitholweko zavezwa ku- ''New Age'' . ''I-Guardian'' yakhipha i-atikili yesibili ehlobene nokutholwe ngu-Gert Sibande mhlazi-25 kuNobayeni 1947. ''I-Drum Magazine'' yakhipha i-atikili efanako ngo-1952, intathelizindaba u-[[Henry Nxumalo]] nomthwebuli weenthombe u-Jurgen Schoodeberg badlala indima eqakathekileko ekutloleni ubujamo babasebenzi beplasi lamazambana e-Bethal. I-atikili le yathola ukutjhejwa kwezwe neentjhabatjhaba kodwana, imibiko yalahlwa nguNgqongqotjhe wezeNdabuko, u-Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd ePalamende. Waxoshwa e-Bethal ziimphathimandla ngo-1953 ngebanga lokuzikhakhazisa kwakhe kwezepolotiki. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathuthela [[Eswatini|eSwazini]] lapho asiza khona iphiko lebutho le-ANC uMkhonto we Sizwe . <ref name="auto">http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130901062545/http://sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande|date=2013-09-01}} Accessed 20 July 2017</ref> Ngo-1959, ngemva kweminyaka elitjhumi nambili uGert Sibande aveze ubujamo bezisebenzi, i -ANC yabika ubujamo obufanako emaplasini wommbila namanye amazambana. Bekangumhlanganyeli okhutheleko emkhankasweni wokuphikisa, umkhankaso wokulwisana nefundo yamaBantu begodu wasiza nokutlola iTjhatha yeNkululeko . Wasebenza eduze noMphathi u-Albert Luthuli, u-Moses Kotane no -Moses Mabhida . Bekalilunga lomKhandlu oPhetheko weNarha we- ANC begodu ngesikhathi sakhe soburholi, wasolwa ecaleni lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956 ukuya ku-1961. Bekangomunye wabasolwa abambalwa abathatha isikhundla sofakazi ngesikhathi secala. Wakhethwa bona abe ngumengameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958 begodu wakhethwa godu ngo-1959. <ref name="auto1" /> Wahlongakala e [[Eswatini|-Swaziland]] ngo-1987. Wangcwatshwa e -Manzini phakathi ne-Swaziland. == Ukutlhoriswa nokuhlongakala == Ikululeko ka-Sibande yenza bona kube nokutlhoriswa okukhulu ngurhulumende webandlululo. Ngo-1953, waxoshwa e-Bethal, begodu ngo-1956, wabekwa icala lokuvukela umbuso njengengcenye yecala lokuvukela umbuso elidumileko. Nanyana gade aneentjhijilo, waragela phambili nomsebenzi wakhe ngaphakathi kwe-ANC, wakhethwa njengomongameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958. Ngemva kwecala lokuvukela umbuso, u-Sibande wakateleleka bona ahlale e -Komatipoort eduze nomngcele we- [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ne [[Mozambique|-Mozambique]] . Ngo-1962, wawela waya e-Swaziland begodu ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathenga itrektara wayisebenzisela ukunikela ngeenkonzo zokulima e-Swaziland, lapho ahlala khona iminyaka eminengi ahlala ekudingisweni. Wahlongakala ngo-1987, e -Manzini, e-Swazini. Umasipala wesiyingi watjhugulula ibizo lakhe ukusuka ku-"Eastvaal" (Afrikaans: Oosvaal) waya ku-"Gert Sibande" uMasipala wesiFunda ngoNobayeni ka-2004. Kune-Gert Sibande TVET College eneendawo ezihlukahlukeneko zekhampasi. Kunesithombe sethusi saka-Gert Sibande esiqala esinye isithombe saka- [[Nokuthula Simelane]] e -Bethal . Iinthombe zingaphandle kwe-Nomoya Masilela Museum enikelwe abalweli bekululeko abafakahlangana u-Gert Sibande, u-Nokuthula Simelane, u-Ruth First no -Henry Nxumalo . UMbongeni Ngema watlola begodu waqondisa umkhiqizo wesigaba sesabelomali sezigidi ezingama-R22 'Ibhubezi leMpumalanga' ebegade uhlanganiswe ngokuduba amazambana neminikelo ka-Gert Sibande. Umkhiqizo lo bewuneenkhundla e- Trinidad, e-Jamaica ne -Suriname . Umndeni ka-Sibande ukhuphe umthetho wokukhandela ukukhiqiza umvumo lo ngombana bathi akhenge bakhulumisane nabo. Ukuvinjelwa kwabekwa eceleni msinyana ngaphambi kokukhutjhwa komkhiqizo. == Iinkomba == {{reflist}} [[Category;Bantu]] [[Category:Sewula Afrika]] monlhvtodpd48wijno71qe7fyprxoyp 6387 6386 2026-04-02T00:33:10Z Bobbyshabangu 66 6387 wikitext text/x-wiki '''U-Gert Shedrack Sibande''' (1901 eduze ne-Ermelo, e-Mpumalanga – 1987; owaziwa nangokuthi yi '''-Lion of the East''' ) bekayisisebenzi seplasini seSewula Afrika begodu bekasolo alwisana nebandlululo. Bekangomunye wabasolwa be -ANC ukujamela icala lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956-61 kanye no [[Nelson Mandela|-Nelson Mandela]] nabanye abali-154. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|title=Gert Sibande|access-date=2011-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108042303/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|archive-date=2009-01-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> USibande wadlala indima eqakathekileko e-Potato Boycott yango-1959.[1] Isifunda se -Gert Sibande esifundazweni se [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|-Mpumalanga]] eSewula Afrika siqanjwe ngegama lakhe. Wabelethelwa esifundeni begodu wachitha isikhathi esinengi sepilo yakhe lapho. Ngemva kokuhlongakala kwakhe wanikelwe i-Order of Luthuli in Gold ngegalelo lakhe elihle khulu ekwenzeni ngcono ubujamo bokusebenza kwabasebenzi beplasi kanye nemizamo yakhe yokuthuthukisa iSewula Afrika engabandlululi ngokobuhlanga, enobulungiswa, nentando yenengi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.polity.org.za/article/anc-zuma-address-delivered-at-the-gert-sibande-memorial-lecture-23092008-2008-09-23|title=ANC: Zuma: Address delivered at the Gert Sibande Memorial Lecture (23/09/2008)|website=www.polity.org.za}}</ref> == Ipilo yokuthoma nomsebenzi == Wabelethwa ngo-1901 esifundeni se-Ermelo se- Eastern Transvaal yangaleso sikhathi (manje [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|i-Mpumalanga]] ), u-Sibande bekayindodana yomlimi oqatjhileko. Wathoma ukusebenza emaplasini aneminyaka ebunane, lapho aqalana khona nobujamo obubudisi. Ekuthomeni bekaziwa ngokuthi ngu-Shadrack Sibande, waphiwa ibizo elithi "Gert" mBhunu owavimbela ukusetjenziswa kwamabizo wesiNgisi eplasini lakhe. Iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20, u-Sibande wasebenza emaplasini ahlukahlukeneko e-Eastern Transvaal. Ukungafuni kwakhe ukwamukela ubujamo obumbi bokusebenza kwamenza waba nedumela lokuba mraro hlangana nabaqatjhi bakhe, njengombana bekavame ukubaphikisa ngeendaba zokuhlukunyezwa. == Ukukhuthaza abasebenzi beplasi == Ngabo-1930, u-Sibande wathuthela e- [[Bethal]] Location, lapho athoma khona ukuhlela abasebenzi beplasi begodu alungisa iinkhalazo zabo. Ngesikhathi lesi, abasebenzi abanengi beplasini bebaqalene nobujamo obumbi khulu bokusebenza, basebenza kusukela ekuphumeni kwelanga ukuya ekutjhingeni kwelanga babhadelwa imali encani, begodu kanengi badla ukudla okuncani okufana ne-phuthu ne-gravy emasakeni. USibande wasiza ukusungula ihlangano yokuthoma eyaziwako yamalungelo wabasebenzi beplasini eSewula Afrika, i-Farm Workers' Association. Isiqhema lesi sisebenzele ukusiza abasebenzi beplasi bona bathole iintjalo ezibiweko begodu bathole ubujamo obungcono bokusebenza. Ngo-1939, u-Sibande wahlangana namalunga we- African National Congress (ANC) e [[Johannesburg|-Goli]] . Msinyana waba lilunga elisebenzako, wabuyela e-Bethal ukuyokwakha igatja eliqinileko le-ANC. Imizamo yakhe yenza bona kube nokutjheja okukhulu ngeemeko ezimbi abasebenzi beplasi ebebaqalene nazo, begodu wasiza ukuveza ukungabi nobulungiswa lokhu ebantwini abanengi, okufakahlangana abantu abadumileko abafana nomfundisi u-Michael Scott nentatheli u-Ruth First .<ref>Christopher Webb (2015) Fighting talk: Ruth First's early journalism 1947–1950, Review of African Political Economy, 42:143, 7-21, DOI:10.1080/03056244.2014.988697 Accessed 19 July 2017</ref> U-Sibande wasebenzisana no- Henry Nxumalo odumileko wemagazini ye-Drum, asiza ekugadangisweni kwama-atikili aveza ubujamo bokuxhaphaza kwabasebenzi beplasini ephasini. Iindaba ezitholweko zavezwa ku- ''New Age'' . ''I-Guardian'' yakhipha i-atikili yesibili ehlobene nokutholwe ngu-Gert Sibande mhlazi-25 kuNobayeni 1947. ''I-Drum Magazine'' yakhipha i-atikili efanako ngo-1952, intathelizindaba u-[[Henry Nxumalo]] nomthwebuli weenthombe u-Jurgen Schoodeberg badlala indima eqakathekileko ekutloleni ubujamo babasebenzi beplasi lamazambana e-Bethal. I-atikili le yathola ukutjhejwa kwezwe neentjhabatjhaba kodwana, imibiko yalahlwa nguNgqongqotjhe wezeNdabuko, u-Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd ePalamende. Waxoshwa e-Bethal ziimphathimandla ngo-1953 ngebanga lokuzikhakhazisa kwakhe kwezepolotiki. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathuthela [[Eswatini|eSwazini]] lapho asiza khona iphiko lebutho le-ANC uMkhonto we Sizwe . <ref name="auto">http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130901062545/http://sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande|date=2013-09-01}} Accessed 20 July 2017</ref> Ngo-1959, ngemva kweminyaka elitjhumi nambili uGert Sibande aveze ubujamo bezisebenzi, i -ANC yabika ubujamo obufanako emaplasini wommbila namanye amazambana. Bekangumhlanganyeli okhutheleko emkhankasweni wokuphikisa, umkhankaso wokulwisana nefundo yamaBantu begodu wasiza nokutlola iTjhatha yeNkululeko . Wasebenza eduze noMphathi u-Albert Luthuli, u-Moses Kotane no -Moses Mabhida . Bekalilunga lomKhandlu oPhetheko weNarha we- ANC begodu ngesikhathi sakhe soburholi, wasolwa ecaleni lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956 ukuya ku-1961. Bekangomunye wabasolwa abambalwa abathatha isikhundla sofakazi ngesikhathi secala. Wakhethwa bona abe ngumengameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958 begodu wakhethwa godu ngo-1959. <ref name="auto1" /> Wahlongakala e [[Eswatini|-Swaziland]] ngo-1987. Wangcwatshwa e -Manzini phakathi ne-Swaziland. == Ukutlhoriswa nokuhlongakala == Ikululeko ka-Sibande yenza bona kube nokutlhoriswa okukhulu ngurhulumende webandlululo. Ngo-1953, waxoshwa e-Bethal, begodu ngo-1956, wabekwa icala lokuvukela umbuso njengengcenye yecala lokuvukela umbuso elidumileko. Nanyana gade aneentjhijilo, waragela phambili nomsebenzi wakhe ngaphakathi kwe-ANC, wakhethwa njengomongameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958. Ngemva kwecala lokuvukela umbuso, u-Sibande wakateleleka bona ahlale e -Komatipoort eduze nomngcele we- [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ne [[Mozambique|-Mozambique]] . Ngo-1962, wawela waya e-Swaziland begodu ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathenga itrektara wayisebenzisela ukunikela ngeenkonzo zokulima e-Swaziland, lapho ahlala khona iminyaka eminengi ahlala ekudingisweni. Wahlongakala ngo-1987, e -Manzini, e-Swazini. Umasipala wesiyingi watjhugulula ibizo lakhe ukusuka ku-"Eastvaal" (Afrikaans: Oosvaal) waya ku-"Gert Sibande" uMasipala wesiFunda ngoNobayeni ka-2004. Kune-Gert Sibande TVET College eneendawo ezihlukahlukeneko zekhampasi. Kunesithombe sethusi saka-Gert Sibande esiqala esinye isithombe saka- [[Nokuthula Simelane]] e -Bethal . Iinthombe zingaphandle kwe-Nomoya Masilela Museum enikelwe abalweli bekululeko abafakahlangana u-Gert Sibande, u-Nokuthula Simelane, u-Ruth First no -Henry Nxumalo . UMbongeni Ngema watlola begodu waqondisa umkhiqizo wesigaba sesabelomali sezigidi ezingama-R22 'Ibhubezi leMpumalanga' ebegade uhlanganiswe ngokuduba amazambana neminikelo ka-Gert Sibande. Umkhiqizo lo bewuneenkhundla e- Trinidad, e-Jamaica ne -Suriname . Umndeni ka-Sibande ukhuphe umthetho wokukhandela ukukhiqiza umvumo lo ngombana bathi akhenge bakhulumisane nabo. Ukuvinjelwa kwabekwa eceleni msinyana ngaphambi kokukhutjhwa komkhiqizo. == Iinkomba == {{reflist}} [[Category:Bantu]] [[Category:Sewula Afrika]] bj47ok5jwrdeq1ooxffzcc7tjfibhud 6388 6387 2026-04-02T00:33:29Z Bobbyshabangu 66 6388 wikitext text/x-wiki '''U-Gert Shedrack Sibande''' (1901 eduze ne-Ermelo, e-Mpumalanga – 1987; owaziwa nangokuthi yi '''-Lion of the East''' ) bekayisisebenzi seplasini seSewula Afrika begodu bekasolo alwisana nebandlululo. Bekangomunye wabasolwa be -ANC ukujamela icala lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956-61 kanye no [[Nelson Mandela|-Nelson Mandela]] nabanye abali-154. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|title=Gert Sibande|access-date=2011-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108042303/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|archive-date=2009-01-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> USibande wadlala indima eqakathekileko e-Potato Boycott yango-1959.[1] Isifunda se -Gert Sibande esifundazweni se [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|-Mpumalanga]] eSewula Afrika siqanjwe ngegama lakhe. Wabelethelwa esifundeni begodu wachitha isikhathi esinengi sepilo yakhe lapho. Ngemva kokuhlongakala kwakhe wanikelwe i-Order of Luthuli in Gold ngegalelo lakhe elihle khulu ekwenzeni ngcono ubujamo bokusebenza kwabasebenzi beplasi kanye nemizamo yakhe yokuthuthukisa iSewula Afrika engabandlululi ngokobuhlanga, enobulungiswa, nentando yenengi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.polity.org.za/article/anc-zuma-address-delivered-at-the-gert-sibande-memorial-lecture-23092008-2008-09-23|title=ANC: Zuma: Address delivered at the Gert Sibande Memorial Lecture (23/09/2008)|website=www.polity.org.za}}</ref> == Ipilo yokuthoma nomsebenzi == Wabelethwa ngo-1901 esifundeni se-Ermelo se- Eastern Transvaal yangaleso sikhathi (manje [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|i-Mpumalanga]] ), u-Sibande bekayindodana yomlimi oqatjhileko. Wathoma ukusebenza emaplasini aneminyaka ebunane, lapho aqalana khona nobujamo obubudisi. Ekuthomeni bekaziwa ngokuthi ngu-Shadrack Sibande, waphiwa ibizo elithi "Gert" mBhunu owavimbela ukusetjenziswa kwamabizo wesiNgisi eplasini lakhe. Iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20, u-Sibande wasebenza emaplasini ahlukahlukeneko e-Eastern Transvaal. Ukungafuni kwakhe ukwamukela ubujamo obumbi bokusebenza kwamenza waba nedumela lokuba mraro hlangana nabaqatjhi bakhe, njengombana bekavame ukubaphikisa ngeendaba zokuhlukunyezwa. == Ukukhuthaza abasebenzi beplasi == Ngabo-1930, u-Sibande wathuthela e- [[Bethal]] Location, lapho athoma khona ukuhlela abasebenzi beplasi begodu alungisa iinkhalazo zabo. Ngesikhathi lesi, abasebenzi abanengi beplasini bebaqalene nobujamo obumbi khulu bokusebenza, basebenza kusukela ekuphumeni kwelanga ukuya ekutjhingeni kwelanga babhadelwa imali encani, begodu kanengi badla ukudla okuncani okufana ne-phuthu ne-gravy emasakeni. USibande wasiza ukusungula ihlangano yokuthoma eyaziwako yamalungelo wabasebenzi beplasini eSewula Afrika, i-Farm Workers' Association. Isiqhema lesi sisebenzele ukusiza abasebenzi beplasi bona bathole iintjalo ezibiweko begodu bathole ubujamo obungcono bokusebenza. Ngo-1939, u-Sibande wahlangana namalunga we- African National Congress (ANC) e [[Johannesburg|-Goli]] . Msinyana waba lilunga elisebenzako, wabuyela e-Bethal ukuyokwakha igatja eliqinileko le-ANC. Imizamo yakhe yenza bona kube nokutjheja okukhulu ngeemeko ezimbi abasebenzi beplasi ebebaqalene nazo, begodu wasiza ukuveza ukungabi nobulungiswa lokhu ebantwini abanengi, okufakahlangana abantu abadumileko abafana nomfundisi u-Michael Scott nentatheli u-Ruth First .<ref>Christopher Webb (2015) Fighting talk: Ruth First's early journalism 1947–1950, Review of African Political Economy, 42:143, 7-21, DOI:10.1080/03056244.2014.988697 Accessed 19 July 2017</ref> U-Sibande wasebenzisana no- Henry Nxumalo odumileko wemagazini ye-Drum, asiza ekugadangisweni kwama-atikili aveza ubujamo bokuxhaphaza kwabasebenzi beplasini ephasini. Iindaba ezitholweko zavezwa ku- ''New Age'' . ''I-Guardian'' yakhipha i-atikili yesibili ehlobene nokutholwe ngu-Gert Sibande mhlazi-25 kuNobayeni 1947. ''I-Drum Magazine'' yakhipha i-atikili efanako ngo-1952, intathelizindaba u-[[Henry Nxumalo]] nomthwebuli weenthombe u-Jurgen Schoodeberg badlala indima eqakathekileko ekutloleni ubujamo babasebenzi beplasi lamazambana e-Bethal. I-atikili le yathola ukutjhejwa kwezwe neentjhabatjhaba kodwana, imibiko yalahlwa nguNgqongqotjhe wezeNdabuko, u-Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd ePalamende. Waxoshwa e-Bethal ziimphathimandla ngo-1953 ngebanga lokuzikhakhazisa kwakhe kwezepolotiki. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathuthela [[Eswatini|eSwazini]] lapho asiza khona iphiko lebutho le-ANC uMkhonto we Sizwe . <ref name="auto">http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130901062545/http://sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande|date=2013-09-01}} Accessed 20 July 2017</ref> Ngo-1959, ngemva kweminyaka elitjhumi nambili uGert Sibande aveze ubujamo bezisebenzi, i -ANC yabika ubujamo obufanako emaplasini wommbila namanye amazambana. Bekangumhlanganyeli okhutheleko emkhankasweni wokuphikisa, umkhankaso wokulwisana nefundo yamaBantu begodu wasiza nokutlola iTjhatha yeNkululeko . Wasebenza eduze noMphathi u-Albert Luthuli, u-Moses Kotane no -Moses Mabhida . Bekalilunga lomKhandlu oPhetheko weNarha we- ANC begodu ngesikhathi sakhe soburholi, wasolwa ecaleni lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956 ukuya ku-1961. Bekangomunye wabasolwa abambalwa abathatha isikhundla sofakazi ngesikhathi secala. Wakhethwa bona abe ngumengameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958 begodu wakhethwa godu ngo-1959. <ref name="auto1" /> Wahlongakala e [[Eswatini|-Swaziland]] ngo-1987. Wangcwatshwa e -Manzini phakathi ne-Swaziland. == Ukutlhoriswa nokuhlongakala == Ikululeko ka-Sibande yenza bona kube nokutlhoriswa okukhulu ngurhulumende webandlululo. Ngo-1953, waxoshwa e-Bethal, begodu ngo-1956, wabekwa icala lokuvukela umbuso njengengcenye yecala lokuvukela umbuso elidumileko. Nanyana gade aneentjhijilo, waragela phambili nomsebenzi wakhe ngaphakathi kwe-ANC, wakhethwa njengomongameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958. Ngemva kwecala lokuvukela umbuso, u-Sibande wakateleleka bona ahlale e -Komatipoort eduze nomngcele we- [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ne [[Mozambique|-Mozambique]] . Ngo-1962, wawela waya e-Swaziland begodu ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathenga itrektara wayisebenzisela ukunikela ngeenkonzo zokulima e-Swaziland, lapho ahlala khona iminyaka eminengi ahlala ekudingisweni. Wahlongakala ngo-1987, e -Manzini, e-Swazini. Umasipala wesiyingi watjhugulula ibizo lakhe ukusuka ku-"Eastvaal" (Afrikaans: Oosvaal) waya ku-"Gert Sibande" uMasipala wesiFunda ngoNobayeni ka-2004. Kune-Gert Sibande TVET College eneendawo ezihlukahlukeneko zekhampasi. Kunesithombe sethusi saka-Gert Sibande esiqala esinye isithombe saka- [[Nokuthula Simelane]] e -Bethal . Iinthombe zingaphandle kwe-Nomoya Masilela Museum enikelwe abalweli bekululeko abafakahlangana u-Gert Sibande, u-Nokuthula Simelane, u-Ruth First no -Henry Nxumalo . UMbongeni Ngema watlola begodu waqondisa umkhiqizo wesigaba sesabelomali sezigidi ezingama-R22 'Ibhubezi leMpumalanga' ebegade uhlanganiswe ngokuduba amazambana neminikelo ka-Gert Sibande. Umkhiqizo lo bewuneenkhundla e- Trinidad, e-Jamaica ne -Suriname . Umndeni ka-Sibande ukhuphe umthetho wokukhandela ukukhiqiza umvumo lo ngombana bathi akhenge bakhulumisane nabo. Ukuvinjelwa kwabekwa eceleni msinyana ngaphambi kokukhutjhwa komkhiqizo. == Iinkomba == {{reflist}} [[Category:Abantu]] [[Category:Sewula Afrika]] cj2gyntoe808cs1f4b3gbs5gghbx1k3 6389 6388 2026-04-02T00:34:31Z Bobbyshabangu 66 6389 wikitext text/x-wiki '''U-Gert Shedrack Sibande''' (1901 eduze ne-Ermelo, e-Mpumalanga – 1987; owaziwa nangokuthi yi '''-Lion of the East''' ) bekayisisebenzi seplasini seSewula Afrika begodu bekasolo alwisana nebandlululo. Bekangomunye wabasolwa be -ANC ukujamela icala lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956-61 kanye no [[Nelson Mandela|-Nelson Mandela]] nabanye abali-154. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|title=Gert Sibande|access-date=2011-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108042303/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|archive-date=2009-01-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> USibande wadlala indima eqakathekileko e-Potato Boycott yango-1959.[1] Isifunda se -Gert Sibande esifundazweni se [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|-Mpumalanga]] eSewula Afrika siqanjwe ngegama lakhe. Wabelethelwa esifundeni begodu wachitha isikhathi esinengi sepilo yakhe lapho. Ngemva kokuhlongakala kwakhe wanikelwe i-Order of Luthuli in Gold ngegalelo lakhe elihle khulu ekwenzeni ngcono ubujamo bokusebenza kwabasebenzi beplasi kanye nemizamo yakhe yokuthuthukisa iSewula Afrika engabandlululi ngokobuhlanga, enobulungiswa, nentando yenengi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.polity.org.za/article/anc-zuma-address-delivered-at-the-gert-sibande-memorial-lecture-23092008-2008-09-23|title=ANC: Zuma: Address delivered at the Gert Sibande Memorial Lecture (23/09/2008)|website=www.polity.org.za}}</ref> == Ipilo yokuthoma nomsebenzi == Wabelethwa ngo-1901 esifundeni se-Ermelo se- Eastern Transvaal yangaleso sikhathi (manje [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|i-Mpumalanga]] ), u-Sibande bekayindodana yomlimi oqatjhileko. Wathoma ukusebenza emaplasini aneminyaka ebunane, lapho aqalana khona nobujamo obubudisi. Ekuthomeni bekaziwa ngokuthi ngu-Shadrack Sibande, waphiwa ibizo elithi "Gert" mBhunu owavimbela ukusetjenziswa kwamabizo wesiNgisi eplasini lakhe. Iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20, u-Sibande wasebenza emaplasini ahlukahlukeneko e-Eastern Transvaal. Ukungafuni kwakhe ukwamukela ubujamo obumbi bokusebenza kwamenza waba nedumela lokuba mraro hlangana nabaqatjhi bakhe, njengombana bekavame ukubaphikisa ngeendaba zokuhlukunyezwa. == Ukukhuthaza abasebenzi beplasi == Ngabo-1930, u-Sibande wathuthela e- [[Bethal]] Location, lapho athoma khona ukuhlela abasebenzi beplasi begodu alungisa iinkhalazo zabo. Ngesikhathi lesi, abasebenzi abanengi beplasini bebaqalene nobujamo obumbi khulu bokusebenza, basebenza kusukela ekuphumeni kwelanga ukuya ekutjhingeni kwelanga babhadelwa imali encani, begodu kanengi badla ukudla okuncani okufana ne-phuthu ne-gravy emasakeni. USibande wasiza ukusungula ihlangano yokuthoma eyaziwako yamalungelo wabasebenzi beplasini eSewula Afrika, i-Farm Workers' Association. Isiqhema lesi sisebenzele ukusiza abasebenzi beplasi bona bathole iintjalo ezibiweko begodu bathole ubujamo obungcono bokusebenza. Ngo-1939, u-Sibande wahlangana namalunga we- African National Congress (ANC) e [[Johannesburg|-Goli]] . Msinyana waba lilunga elisebenzako, wabuyela e-Bethal ukuyokwakha igatja eliqinileko le-ANC. Imizamo yakhe yenza bona kube nokutjheja okukhulu ngeemeko ezimbi abasebenzi beplasi ebebaqalene nazo, begodu wasiza ukuveza ukungabi nobulungiswa lokhu ebantwini abanengi, okufakahlangana abantu abadumileko abafana nomfundisi u-Michael Scott nentatheli u-Ruth First .<ref>Christopher Webb (2015) Fighting talk: Ruth First's early journalism 1947–1950, Review of African Political Economy, 42:143, 7-21, DOI:10.1080/03056244.2014.988697 Accessed 19 July 2017</ref> U-Sibande wasebenzisana no- Henry Nxumalo odumileko wemagazini ye-Drum, asiza ekugadangisweni kwama-atikili aveza ubujamo bokuxhaphaza kwabasebenzi beplasini ephasini. Iindaba ezitholweko zavezwa ku- ''New Age'' . ''I-Guardian'' yakhipha i-atikili yesibili ehlobene nokutholwe ngu-Gert Sibande mhlazi-25 kuNobayeni 1947. ''I-Drum Magazine'' yakhipha i-atikili efanako ngo-1952, intathelizindaba u-[[Henry Nxumalo]] nomthwebuli weenthombe u-Jurgen Schoodeberg badlala indima eqakathekileko ekutloleni ubujamo babasebenzi beplasi lamazambana e-Bethal. I-atikili le yathola ukutjhejwa kwezwe neentjhabatjhaba kodwana, imibiko yalahlwa nguNgqongqotjhe wezeNdabuko, u-Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd ePalamende. Waxoshwa e-Bethal ziimphathimandla ngo-1953 ngebanga lokuzikhakhazisa kwakhe kwezepolotiki. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathuthela [[Eswatini|eSwazini]] lapho asiza khona iphiko lebutho le-ANC uMkhonto we Sizwe . <ref name="auto">http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130901062545/http://sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande|date=2013-09-01}} Accessed 20 July 2017</ref> Ngo-1959, ngemva kweminyaka elitjhumi nambili uGert Sibande aveze ubujamo bezisebenzi, i -ANC yabika ubujamo obufanako emaplasini wommbila namanye amazambana. Bekangumhlanganyeli okhutheleko emkhankasweni wokuphikisa, umkhankaso wokulwisana nefundo yamaBantu begodu wasiza nokutlola iTjhatha yeNkululeko . Wasebenza eduze noMphathi u-Albert Luthuli, u-Moses Kotane no -Moses Mabhida . Bekalilunga lomKhandlu oPhetheko weNarha we- ANC begodu ngesikhathi sakhe soburholi, wasolwa ecaleni lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956 ukuya ku-1961. Bekangomunye wabasolwa abambalwa abathatha isikhundla sofakazi ngesikhathi secala. Wakhethwa bona abe ngumengameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958 begodu wakhethwa godu ngo-1959. <ref name="auto1" /> Wahlongakala e [[Eswatini|-Swaziland]] ngo-1987. Wangcwatshwa e -Manzini phakathi ne-Swaziland. == Ukutlhoriswa nokuhlongakala == Ikululeko ka-Sibande yenza bona kube nokutlhoriswa okukhulu ngurhulumende webandlululo. Ngo-1953, waxoshwa e-Bethal, begodu ngo-1956, wabekwa icala lokuvukela umbuso njengengcenye yecala lokuvukela umbuso elidumileko. Nanyana gade aneentjhijilo, waragela phambili nomsebenzi wakhe ngaphakathi kwe-ANC, wakhethwa njengomongameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958. Ngemva kwecala lokuvukela umbuso, u-Sibande wakateleleka bona ahlale e -Komatipoort eduze nomngcele we- [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ne [[Mozambique|-Mozambique]] . Ngo-1962, wawela waya e-Swaziland begodu ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathenga itrektara wayisebenzisela ukunikela ngeenkonzo zokulima e-Swaziland, lapho ahlala khona iminyaka eminengi ahlala ekudingisweni. Wahlongakala ngo-1987, e -Manzini, e-Swazini. Umasipala wesiyingi watjhugulula ibizo lakhe ukusuka ku-"Eastvaal" (Afrikaans: Oosvaal) waya ku-"Gert Sibande" uMasipala wesiFunda ngoNobayeni ka-2004. Kune-Gert Sibande TVET College eneendawo ezihlukahlukeneko zekhampasi. Kunesithombe sethusi saka-Gert Sibande esiqala esinye isithombe saka- [[Nokuthula Simelane]] e -Bethal . Iinthombe zingaphandle kwe-Nomoya Masilela Museum enikelwe abalweli bekululeko abafakahlangana u-Gert Sibande, u-Nokuthula Simelane, u-Ruth First no -Henry Nxumalo . UMbongeni Ngema watlola begodu waqondisa umkhiqizo wesigaba sesabelomali sezigidi ezingama-R22 'Ibhubezi leMpumalanga' ebegade uhlanganiswe ngokuduba amazambana neminikelo ka-Gert Sibande. Umkhiqizo lo bewuneenkhundla e- Trinidad, e-Jamaica ne -Suriname . Umndeni ka-Sibande ukhuphe umthetho wokukhandela ukukhiqiza umvumo lo ngombana bathi akhenge bakhulumisane nabo. Ukuvinjelwa kwabekwa eceleni msinyana ngaphambi kokukhutjhwa komkhiqizo. == Iinkomba == {{reflist}} [[Category:Abantu]] [[Category:Sewula Afrika]] 7w8wwqjwize1sza64dg4j9s4m6dgppf 6390 6389 2026-04-02T00:34:43Z Bobbyshabangu 66 6390 wikitext text/x-wiki '''U-Gert Shedrack Sibande''' (1901 eduze ne-Ermelo, e-Mpumalanga – 1987; owaziwa nangokuthi yi '''-Lion of the East''' ) bekayisisebenzi seplasini seSewula Afrika begodu bekasolo alwisana nebandlululo. Bekangomunye wabasolwa be -ANC ukujamela icala lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956-61 kanye no [[Nelson Mandela]] nabanye abali-154. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|title=Gert Sibande|access-date=2011-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108042303/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/people/bios/sibande,g.htm|archive-date=2009-01-08|url-status=dead}}</ref> USibande wadlala indima eqakathekileko e-Potato Boycott yango-1959.[1] Isifunda se -Gert Sibande esifundazweni se [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|-Mpumalanga]] eSewula Afrika siqanjwe ngegama lakhe. Wabelethelwa esifundeni begodu wachitha isikhathi esinengi sepilo yakhe lapho. Ngemva kokuhlongakala kwakhe wanikelwe i-Order of Luthuli in Gold ngegalelo lakhe elihle khulu ekwenzeni ngcono ubujamo bokusebenza kwabasebenzi beplasi kanye nemizamo yakhe yokuthuthukisa iSewula Afrika engabandlululi ngokobuhlanga, enobulungiswa, nentando yenengi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.polity.org.za/article/anc-zuma-address-delivered-at-the-gert-sibande-memorial-lecture-23092008-2008-09-23|title=ANC: Zuma: Address delivered at the Gert Sibande Memorial Lecture (23/09/2008)|website=www.polity.org.za}}</ref> == Ipilo yokuthoma nomsebenzi == Wabelethwa ngo-1901 esifundeni se-Ermelo se- Eastern Transvaal yangaleso sikhathi (manje [[Isifunda seMpumalanga|i-Mpumalanga]] ), u-Sibande bekayindodana yomlimi oqatjhileko. Wathoma ukusebenza emaplasini aneminyaka ebunane, lapho aqalana khona nobujamo obubudisi. Ekuthomeni bekaziwa ngokuthi ngu-Shadrack Sibande, waphiwa ibizo elithi "Gert" mBhunu owavimbela ukusetjenziswa kwamabizo wesiNgisi eplasini lakhe. Iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20, u-Sibande wasebenza emaplasini ahlukahlukeneko e-Eastern Transvaal. Ukungafuni kwakhe ukwamukela ubujamo obumbi bokusebenza kwamenza waba nedumela lokuba mraro hlangana nabaqatjhi bakhe, njengombana bekavame ukubaphikisa ngeendaba zokuhlukunyezwa. == Ukukhuthaza abasebenzi beplasi == Ngabo-1930, u-Sibande wathuthela e- [[Bethal]] Location, lapho athoma khona ukuhlela abasebenzi beplasi begodu alungisa iinkhalazo zabo. Ngesikhathi lesi, abasebenzi abanengi beplasini bebaqalene nobujamo obumbi khulu bokusebenza, basebenza kusukela ekuphumeni kwelanga ukuya ekutjhingeni kwelanga babhadelwa imali encani, begodu kanengi badla ukudla okuncani okufana ne-phuthu ne-gravy emasakeni. USibande wasiza ukusungula ihlangano yokuthoma eyaziwako yamalungelo wabasebenzi beplasini eSewula Afrika, i-Farm Workers' Association. Isiqhema lesi sisebenzele ukusiza abasebenzi beplasi bona bathole iintjalo ezibiweko begodu bathole ubujamo obungcono bokusebenza. Ngo-1939, u-Sibande wahlangana namalunga we- African National Congress (ANC) e [[Johannesburg|-Goli]] . Msinyana waba lilunga elisebenzako, wabuyela e-Bethal ukuyokwakha igatja eliqinileko le-ANC. Imizamo yakhe yenza bona kube nokutjheja okukhulu ngeemeko ezimbi abasebenzi beplasi ebebaqalene nazo, begodu wasiza ukuveza ukungabi nobulungiswa lokhu ebantwini abanengi, okufakahlangana abantu abadumileko abafana nomfundisi u-Michael Scott nentatheli u-Ruth First .<ref>Christopher Webb (2015) Fighting talk: Ruth First's early journalism 1947–1950, Review of African Political Economy, 42:143, 7-21, DOI:10.1080/03056244.2014.988697 Accessed 19 July 2017</ref> U-Sibande wasebenzisana no- Henry Nxumalo odumileko wemagazini ye-Drum, asiza ekugadangisweni kwama-atikili aveza ubujamo bokuxhaphaza kwabasebenzi beplasini ephasini. Iindaba ezitholweko zavezwa ku- ''New Age'' . ''I-Guardian'' yakhipha i-atikili yesibili ehlobene nokutholwe ngu-Gert Sibande mhlazi-25 kuNobayeni 1947. ''I-Drum Magazine'' yakhipha i-atikili efanako ngo-1952, intathelizindaba u-[[Henry Nxumalo]] nomthwebuli weenthombe u-Jurgen Schoodeberg badlala indima eqakathekileko ekutloleni ubujamo babasebenzi beplasi lamazambana e-Bethal. I-atikili le yathola ukutjhejwa kwezwe neentjhabatjhaba kodwana, imibiko yalahlwa nguNgqongqotjhe wezeNdabuko, u-Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd ePalamende. Waxoshwa e-Bethal ziimphathimandla ngo-1953 ngebanga lokuzikhakhazisa kwakhe kwezepolotiki. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathuthela [[Eswatini|eSwazini]] lapho asiza khona iphiko lebutho le-ANC uMkhonto we Sizwe . <ref name="auto">http://www.sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130901062545/http://sahistory.org.za/people/gert-sibande|date=2013-09-01}} Accessed 20 July 2017</ref> Ngo-1959, ngemva kweminyaka elitjhumi nambili uGert Sibande aveze ubujamo bezisebenzi, i -ANC yabika ubujamo obufanako emaplasini wommbila namanye amazambana. Bekangumhlanganyeli okhutheleko emkhankasweni wokuphikisa, umkhankaso wokulwisana nefundo yamaBantu begodu wasiza nokutlola iTjhatha yeNkululeko . Wasebenza eduze noMphathi u-Albert Luthuli, u-Moses Kotane no -Moses Mabhida . Bekalilunga lomKhandlu oPhetheko weNarha we- ANC begodu ngesikhathi sakhe soburholi, wasolwa ecaleni lokuvukela umbuso ngo-1956 ukuya ku-1961. Bekangomunye wabasolwa abambalwa abathatha isikhundla sofakazi ngesikhathi secala. Wakhethwa bona abe ngumengameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958 begodu wakhethwa godu ngo-1959. <ref name="auto1" /> Wahlongakala e [[Eswatini|-Swaziland]] ngo-1987. Wangcwatshwa e -Manzini phakathi ne-Swaziland. == Ukutlhoriswa nokuhlongakala == Ikululeko ka-Sibande yenza bona kube nokutlhoriswa okukhulu ngurhulumende webandlululo. Ngo-1953, waxoshwa e-Bethal, begodu ngo-1956, wabekwa icala lokuvukela umbuso njengengcenye yecala lokuvukela umbuso elidumileko. Nanyana gade aneentjhijilo, waragela phambili nomsebenzi wakhe ngaphakathi kwe-ANC, wakhethwa njengomongameli we-Transvaal ANC ngo-1958. Ngemva kwecala lokuvukela umbuso, u-Sibande wakateleleka bona ahlale e -Komatipoort eduze nomngcele we- [[Eswatini|Swaziland]] ne [[Mozambique|-Mozambique]] . Ngo-1962, wawela waya e-Swaziland begodu ngokukhamba kwesikhathi wathenga itrektara wayisebenzisela ukunikela ngeenkonzo zokulima e-Swaziland, lapho ahlala khona iminyaka eminengi ahlala ekudingisweni. Wahlongakala ngo-1987, e -Manzini, e-Swazini. Umasipala wesiyingi watjhugulula ibizo lakhe ukusuka ku-"Eastvaal" (Afrikaans: Oosvaal) waya ku-"Gert Sibande" uMasipala wesiFunda ngoNobayeni ka-2004. Kune-Gert Sibande TVET College eneendawo ezihlukahlukeneko zekhampasi. Kunesithombe sethusi saka-Gert Sibande esiqala esinye isithombe saka- [[Nokuthula Simelane]] e -Bethal . Iinthombe zingaphandle kwe-Nomoya Masilela Museum enikelwe abalweli bekululeko abafakahlangana u-Gert Sibande, u-Nokuthula Simelane, u-Ruth First no -Henry Nxumalo . UMbongeni Ngema watlola begodu waqondisa umkhiqizo wesigaba sesabelomali sezigidi ezingama-R22 'Ibhubezi leMpumalanga' ebegade uhlanganiswe ngokuduba amazambana neminikelo ka-Gert Sibande. Umkhiqizo lo bewuneenkhundla e- Trinidad, e-Jamaica ne -Suriname . Umndeni ka-Sibande ukhuphe umthetho wokukhandela ukukhiqiza umvumo lo ngombana bathi akhenge bakhulumisane nabo. Ukuvinjelwa kwabekwa eceleni msinyana ngaphambi kokukhutjhwa komkhiqizo. == Iinkomba == {{reflist}} [[Category:Abantu]] [[Category:Sewula Afrika]] lzhpn25dlqhvmflol6sf6y6qxcj79dd 0 1085 6392 2026-04-02T00:43:37Z Bobbyshabangu 66 Created by translating the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1345309354|Defiance Campaign]]" 6392 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ijima lokuphikisana nemithetho engakalungi''' lethulwa yi- African National Congress (ANC) emhlanganweni owabanjelwa e- Bloemfontein, eSewula Afrika, ngoNobayeni wee -1951 . <ref>{{cite book|last=Lodge|first=Tom|title=Black Politics in South Africa since 1945|year=1983|publisher=Longman|location=London and New York|isbn=0-582-64327-9|pages=39}}</ref> Ijima lalinemirabhu yezehlakalo ezidosa phambili emhlanganweni. Imitjhagalo, eyenzeka ngo-1952, bekuyimitjhagalo yokuthoma "ekulu, yokuhlangana kwezepolotiki yeentjhaba ezinengi ukujamelana nemithetho yebandlululo ngaphasi koburholi obufanako". <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://overcomingapartheid.msu.edu/multimedia.php?id=65-259-9|title=The Defiance Campaign|website=South Africa: Overcoming Apartheid Building Democracy|access-date=3 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201155811/http://overcomingapartheid.msu.edu/multimedia.php?id=65-259-9|archive-date=1 December 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Isendlalelo == Ngo-1948, i -National Party (NP) yathumba ikhetho eSewula Afrika begodu yathoma ukubeka amagadango wobandlululo ebantwini abaNzima, ama-Indiya nanyana ngibaphi abantu beentjhaba ezihlangeneko. <ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/topic/national-party-np|title=National Party (NP)|date=30 March 2011|website=South African History Online|access-date=3 September 2016}}</ref> I-NP yakhawulela amandla wepolotiki ebantwini abamhlophe kwaphela begodu yabela iindawo zeSewula Afrika eentjhabeni ezihlukahlukeneko zabantu. Abasebenzi, amalunga weenyunyana zabasebenzi nabanye bakhuluma mhlazi-6 kuNobayeni 1949 baphikisana namagadango webandlululo begodu bathoma ukukhuluma ngesiteleka sepolotiki esingenzeka. <ref name=":0" /> NgoNobayeni walowo mnyaka, abadosiphambili be-African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL), abafana no- [[Nelson Mandela]], u-Walter Sisulu no -Oliver Tambo, bathatha amandla. <ref name=":0" /> I -African National Congress (ANC) nayo "yamukela iHlelo lokuSebenza" mhlana ali-17 kuNobayeni, ebegade ikhuthaza indlela yokulwa khulu yokutjhikijela ibandlululo. <ref name=":0" /> Ngo-1950, i-ANC yathoma ukukhuthaza ukutjhatjalaliswa, izenzo zabantu abanengi, ukuduba, ukuteleka kanye nezenzo zokungalaleli umphakathi. Ngalesisikhathi, abantu abanzima abayi-8,000 babotjhwa "ngebanga lokweqa imithetho nemithetho yebandlululo". I -South African Indian Congress (i-SAIC) yasebenza ngokubambisana ne-ANC. I-NP isebenzise umThetho wokuTloliswa kwabantu ukuqinisekisa bona abantu bahlukaniswa unomphela ngokobuhlanga begodu bavunyelwe ukuhlala eendaweni ezivezwe mThetho weeNdawo zeQembu kwaphela. <ref name=":0" /> Mhlana amalanga ama-26 kuMgwengweni wee-1950, kwaba neLanga leNarha lokuTjhikisela. I-ANC ibawe bona abantu bangayi emsebenzini njengesenzo sokutjhikijela. [ 7 ] Ngebanga lomtjhikijelo, abantu abanengi balahlekelwa misebenzi begodu i-ANC yasungula isikhwama sokubasiza.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nvdatabase.swarthmore.edu/content/south-africans-disobey-apartheid-laws-defiance-unjust-laws-campaign-1952-1953|title=South Africans disobey apartheid laws (Defiance of Unjust Laws Campaign), 1952-1953|last=Phalen|first=Anthony|date=11 June 2009|website=Global Nonviolent Action Database|access-date=3 September 2016}}</ref> == Ikhankaso == Ijima lokuPhikisela lathonywa mhlazi-26 kuMgwengweni wee-1952, ilanga elaba lilanga leNarha lokuTjhikisela nokuLila. Amapholisa weSewula Afrika atjelwa ngesenzo lesi begodu bekahlomile begodu alungiselelwe. Emadorobheni amakhulu weSewula Afrika, abantu neenhlangano benza izenzo zokudelela nokungalaleli komphakathi. Imitjhagalo beyinganabudlova khulu ebantwini abahlanganyeleko, inengi labo beligqoke amabhande wemibala emithathu atjengisa i-ANC. Amavolontiya amnyama atjhisa iincwadi zawo zokuphasisa . Amanye amavolontiya anzima bekazokuya eendaweni ebegade zithathwa "njengabamhlophe kwaphela," ebegade kuphikisana nomthetho. Amavolontiya la abotjhwa, begodu ukubotjhwa okunengi (abantu abangaphezu kwe-2,000) kwenziwa ngoMgwengweni wee-1952. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Herbstein|first=Denis|date=September 1994|title=The Exile Returns|url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f5h&AN=9410282265&site=ehost-live|journal=Africa Report|volume=39|issue=5|page=78|access-date=7 September 2016|url-access=subscription|via=EBSCOhost}}</ref> Lokha ababhikishi nababotjhwako, bebangazivikeli emthethwandaba, "okudosela ekuboshweni okukhulu". <ref name=":2" /> Abanye ebegade banikelwa iinhlawulo njengenye indlela yokuya ejele. Ukubotjhwa kwabantu abanengi, bekuthenjwa bona kuzokugandelela urhulumende. <ref name=":5" /> Urhulumende weSewula Afrika wabiza ukutjharagana njengezenzo zokungabi nombuso, ubukhomanisi nokuhlangahlangana. [ 13 ] Iphephandaba le-Nationalist, i- ''Oosterlig'', latlola bona ababhikishi "bathola ijele liyindawo emnandi yokuhlala. Abantu laba bazwisisa ukutjhwaba kwaphela." Amapholisa bekavame ukusebenzisa iintonga ukugandelela ababhikishi bona bazithobe. <ref name=":4" /> Mhlana amalanga ali-9 kuNobayeni 1952, amapholisa adubula isiqhema sababhikishi abanzima e -Kimberley babulala abali-14 balimaza abali-39. Eminye imiyalo yokudubula ababhikishi "nababonakalako" yakhutjhwa nguNgqongqotjhe wezobulungiswa weSewula Afrika, u-Charles Swart . Ukubotjhwa kwababhikishi abanokuthula "kwanyanyisa ingcenye yemibono yomphakathi omhlophe". <ref name=":4" /> NgoJulayi 1952, kwaba nokuhlaselwa kwamahhovisi we-ANC ne-SAIC. Njengomphumela wokutjhikijela, i-NP yathoma "ukubeka iinhlawulo eziqinileko zokutjhikijela imithetho ebandlululako" bese yenza umThetho wokuPhepha komPhakathi . Imigomo yeKhankaso yokuPhikisa azange ifezekiswe, kodwana imitjhagalo "yatjengisa ukuphikiswa okukhulu nokukhulako kwebandlululo". <ref name=":1" /> I -United Nations yatjheja begodu yabiza umthethomgomo webandlululo "ngokusongela ukuthula". Phakathi kukaRhoboyi wee-1953, uMphathi u-Albert Luthuli, uMengameli-Jikelele we-ANC, wamemezela bona iJima lokuPhikisa lizakumiswa ukwenzela bona amaqembu wokujamelana akghone ukuhlela kabutjha ngokucabangela ubujamo bezepolotiki obutjha eSewula Afrika. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/topic/defiance-campaign-1952|title=Defiance Campaign 1952 &#124; South African History Online}}</ref> AmaKhankaso wokuTjhiya, kufaka hlangana ukutjhiya amabhasi eSewula Afrika, asebenza njengokugqugquzela abalweli bamalungelo wobuntu e- [[The United States|United States]] . U-Albert Luthuli wagwetjwa icala lokuvukela umbuso, wahlukunyezwa begodu wasuswa esikhundleni sakhe sobukhosi besizwe sakhe samaZulu . U-Mandela wathatha i-ANC ngemva kwaka-Luthuli. Ibandlululo lapheliswa ekuthomeni kwabo-1990, njengombana kwatshwaywa likhetho jikelele leSewula Afrika lango-1994, ikhetho lokuthoma leSewula Afrika elenziwa kusetjenziswa ilungelo lokuvowuda labantu abadala. == Ijima lokuphikisa e-Port Elizabeth == I- Red Location ngelinye lamalokishi amadala khulu wabantu abanzima e -Port Elizabeth, e -Nelson Mandela Bay, [[Isewula Afrika|eSewula Afrika]] . Ibizo layo lithathwe eqoqweni lezakhiwo zensimbi, ezinombala obomvu khulu. Indawo ebomvu beyizele khulu begodu ingasi sebujameni obuhle. Mhlana amalanga ama-26 kuNobayeni wee-1952, u-Florence Matomela wahlanganyela nabanye abanengi emkhankasweni wokulwisana nemithetho ye-Apartheid e- New Brighton Railway Station ebegade ifaka hlangana u-Govan Mbeki, u-Raymond Mhlaba no -Vuyisile Mini namanye amadoda. Bekamunye wabafazi bokuthoma ababotjhwako. [[Mkhakha:Pages with unreviewed translations]] ormncnxv12qvctg3zx77yr6dwtdcfdr