Olajide Fashikun

Wikipedia pcmwiki https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Pej MediaWiki 1.46.0-wmf.22 first-letter Media Impotant Tok abaut am Yuza Yuza tok abaut am Wikipedia Wikipedia tok abaut am File File tok abaut am MediaWiki MediaWiki tok abaut am Templet Templet tok abaut am Hep Hep tok abaut am Katigori Katigori tok abaut am TimedText TimedText talk Modul Modul tok abaut am Event Event talk Olajide Fashikun 0 1884 34412 34374 2026-04-03T19:37:31Z Johannnes89 403 -crosswiki spam 34412 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Olajide Fashikun''' (dem [[bon]] am September 14, 1965 an e kpai January 27, 2019) wey pipul sabi wel wel as '''Olajide Ayodeji Fashikun''', na di late [[Naija]] jonalis wey dem harest for November 2011 ova di tori wey e rait wey tok of koropshon wey dey hapun for the Naija Futbol Federashon.<ref name="cnn">{{cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2011/11/15/sport/nigeria-journalist-arrested/index.html|title=Nigeria journalist arrested, faces libel suit over soccer stories|last=Smith|first=Karen|date=15 November 2011|accessdate=1 March 2023|publisher=Cable News Network|archive-date=3 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203201420/https://edition.cnn.com/2011/11/15/sport/nigeria-journalist-arrested/index.html|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> Fashikun bi di bifor editor of di Nashona Akord Niuspepa<ref name="cnn" /> and di poblisha of Gong News onti e kpai for January 2019. Dem sabi Fashikun wel wel for di way e dey tok an fight mek magomago no dey Naija sports.<ref name="ola">{{cite web|url=https://gongnews.net/tribute-remembering-jide-fashikun-dogged-nigerian-sports-anti-corruption-crusader/|title=TRIBUTE: Remembering Jide Fashikun Dogged Nigerian Sports Anti- Corruption Crusader|last=Olamide|first=Ayo|date=28 January 2022|accessdate=1 March 2023|publisher=Gong News|archive-date=28 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928201612/https://gongnews.net/tribute-remembering-jide-fashikun-dogged-nigerian-sports-anti-corruption-crusader/|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> Dem also sabi am as di persin wey stat di "Adopt an athlete" hidiya to helep upkoming athletes wit moni to go ogbonge kompitishons.<ref name="ola" /><ref name="dead">{{cite web|url=https://dailypost.ng/2019/01/27/renowned-journalist-jide-fashikun-dead/|title=Renowned journalist, Jide Fashikun is dead|last=Odunsi|first=Wale|date=27 January 2019|accessdate=1 March 2023|publisher=Daily Post|archive-date=10 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191110154306/https://dailypost.ng/2019/01/27/renowned-journalist-jide-fashikun-dead/|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> ==How e tek stat life== Na for [[Kaduna]] wey de Naija dem bon Olajide Fashikun on di 14 September, 1965.<ref name="ngwiki">{{cite web|url=http://www.nigerianwiki.com/Fashikun,_Olajide_Ayodeji|title=Fashikun, Olajide Ayodeji|publisher=NigerianWiki.com|access-date=2023-03-19|archive-date=2023-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319112845/http://www.nigerianwiki.com/Fashikun,_Olajide_Ayodeji|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="acls">{{cite web|url=https://www.aclsports.com/olajide-fashikun-i-got-my-first-new-pair-of-trainers-at-zamalek/|title=Olajide Fashikun: I got my first new pair of trainers at Zamalek|last=Kuti|first=Dare|date=25 September 2018|accessdate=1 March 2023|publisher=ACLSports.com|archive-date=10 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191110153104/https://www.aclsports.com/olajide-fashikun-i-got-my-first-new-pair-of-trainers-at-zamalek/|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref><ref name="titan">{{cite web|url=https://titansportsnig.com/handball/hfn-mourns-former-national-handball-player-olajide-fashikun|title=HFN Mourns Former National Handball Player Olajide Fashikun|date=28 January 2019|accessdate=1 March 2023|publisher=Titan Sports|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001233005/https://titansportsnig.com/handball/hfn-mourns-former-national-handball-player-olajide-fashikun|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> E stat as all round sportsman wey pley futbol, handbol, volibol, basketbol and e win vitori for im kontri.<ref name="titan" /> Fashikun pley handbol for Naija (1979-1999) wen e ritaya from intanashona dutis.<ref name="ngwiki" /> E pley futbol for Zabgai of Bauchi (1984); El-Kanemi Wariors of Maiduguri (1985); Zamelek of Egypt (1986-1988) wen injuri mek am comot.<ref name="ngwiki" /><ref name="titan" /> E bi Naija junior 200m wina and rekod hoda for 1979.<ref name="ngwiki" /> E bi di yongest pleya for Naija handbol men nashona tim wey win di Afrikan Nashons Kup for 1979.<ref name="ngwiki" /><ref name="titan" /> ==Medas== Fashikun don win gold meda at Afrikan Nashons Kup for Legos, Naija for 1980; gold meda at Afrikan Nashons Kup for Baushi, Naija for 1984; gold meda at NIPOGA for 1985 for Kaduna, Naija; bronze meda at Naija Univasitis Games Asosiashon (NUGA) for 1988 for Kalaba, Naija; gold meda at NUGA for 1998 for Kano, Naija.<ref name="ngwiki" /><ref name="acls" /> ==Buk== *Issues in Nigerian Social Work Administration<ref>{{cite book|title=Issues in Nigerian Social Work Administration|last=Fashikun|first=Olajide Ayodeji|date=2006|url=https://books.google.no/books/about/Issues_in_Nigerian_Social_Work_Administr.html?id=u8LxAAAAMAAJ|publisher=Haylee|isbn=978-978-809-013-7}}</ref> ==Posishons== E bi di bifor editor of di Nashona Akord Niuspepa,<ref name="cnn" /> di sports editor of di Herald Niuspepa and di senior sports ripota of ThisDay Niuspepa.<ref name="dead" /> E bi also di managing editor of Gong News<ref name="dead" /><ref name="acls" /><ref name="titan" /> and pipo sabi am for im koret ripots.<ref name="ngwiki" /> E don bi leshora bifor for di Kwara State Polytechnic and e na di bifor chairmo of di Sports Raitas Asosiashon of Naija, Kwara State rejon.<ref name="dead" /><ref name="titan" /> Fashikun bi di bifor daretor, Sports Development and Marketing wit di Naija Sports Development Fund Incorporated.<ref name="ngwiki" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/1466/golden-eaglet-captain-and-adokiye-the-insanity-in-a-newspap.html|title=Golden Eaglet captain and Adokiye: The Insanity in a Newspaper Columnist-by Olajide Fashikun|date=7 November 2009|accessdate=1 March 2023|publisher=The Nigerian Voice|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414014957/https://www.thenigerianvoice.com/news/1466/golden-eaglet-captain-and-adokiye-the-insanity-in-a-newspap.html|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> ==How e tek kpai an e beriha== Fashikun kpai one Sunday morning for 27 January 2019 for di Fedra Medkol Senta, Jabi for Abuja, Naija afta a brief siknes.<ref name="dead" /><ref name="titan" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.legit.ng/sports/football/1218138-jide-fashikun-top-nigerian-sports-journalist-dies-abuja/|title=Jide Fashikun, top Nigerian Sports Journalist dies in Abuja|last=Babalola|first=Oluwatomiwa|date=27 January 2019|accessdate=19 March 2023|publisher=Legit.ng|archive-date=19 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319153407/https://www.legit.ng/sports/football/1218138-jide-fashikun-top-nigerian-sports-journalist-dies-abuja/|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> E bi 54 years old.<ref name="dead" /> Dem beri am for Wednesday, 30 January 2019 for di ples wie e kom fom, Obbo-Aiyegunle wey dey for Ekiti Loka Gofment Area of Kwara Stet, Naija.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehopenewspaper.com/odsg-others-pay-last-respect-to-olajide-fashikun/|title=ODSG, others pay last respect to Olajide Fashikun|last=Atolagbe|first=Femi|date=1 February 2019|accessdate=1 March 2023|publisher=The Hope Newspaper|archive-date=3 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403103917/https://www.thehopenewspaper.com/odsg-others-pay-last-respect-to-olajide-fashikun/|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> E dai leave im old mama, wife and four pikins.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/01/31/late-fashikun-laid-to-rest-at-obbo-aiyegunle/|title=Late Fashikun Laid to Rest at Obbo Aiyegunle|last=Shittu|first=Hammed|date=31 January 2019|accessdate=1 March 2023|publisher=ThisDay Newspaper|archive-date=27 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927082446/https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/01/31/late-fashikun-laid-to-rest-at-obbo-aiyegunle/|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> ==Wie dem gada di tori== {{reflist}} {{stub}} [[Katigori:Pipul wey dem bon for 1965]] [[Katigori:Pipul wey kpai for 2019]] [[Katigori:Tori About Pipu Life]] [[Katigori:Tori abaut pipul life]] [[Katigori:Naija pipul]] [[Katigori:Jonalis for Naija]] g1wqied70du7i8xq2tg8fwznsibk9fo April Fools' Day 0 1944 34406 34372 2026-04-03T19:31:15Z Johannnes89 403 -spam 34406 wikitext text/x-wiki '''April Fools' Day''' na di day wey pipul dey do funi tins and dey yuz jokes to pley wit dia friends and famili. Pipul dey selibrate April Fools' Day for meni kontris for April 1 evri year and dem dey yuz di jokes to shem pipul. For som kontris, April Fools dey last ontil noon, and if pesin pley a joke afta, na dem bi April Fools. ==Wie dem gada di tori== {{reflist}} {{stub}} 1npdgb0cdwrkktdd6jafzeb8l96a37y Plagiarism 0 2043 34407 34371 2026-04-03T19:31:55Z Johannnes89 403 -spam 34407 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Plagiarism''' na di akt of yuzing anorda persin work without menshoning di nem of di orijinal owner of di work.<ref name="ogedegbe">{{cite web|url=https://www.opinionnigeria.com/a-peep-into-plagiarism-in-our-society-today-by-isaiah-ogedegbe/|title=A Peep Into Plagiarism In Our Society Today -By Isaiah Ogedegbe|author=[[Isaiah Ogedegbe]]|date=3 June 2023|accessdate=22 June 2023|publisher=Opinion Nigeria|archive-date=4 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604181921/https://www.opinionnigeria.com/a-peep-into-plagiarism-in-our-society-today-by-isaiah-ogedegbe/|url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref> [[Isaiah Ogedegbe]] wey bin kol plagiarism "brain tif", don kondem am bikos e dey rob som pipul of orijinaliti and kredibiliti.<ref name="ogedegbe" /> Akording to Isaiah Ogedegbe, nowadays som Univasiti students, som relijos figors, som musikshians, som komedians and som ripotas still dey yuz orda pipul work as if na dem get am.<ref name="ogedegbe" /> ==Wie dem gada di tori== {{reflist}} {{Stub}} f8f4i9przft5qcfwl18a2tr8fhhmoos 34408 34407 2026-04-03T19:34:13Z Johannnes89 403 -crosswiki spam 34408 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Plagiarism''' na di akt of yuzing anorda persin work without menshoning di nem of di orijinal owner of di work. ==Wie dem gada di tori== {{reflist}} {{Stub}} 46vcq1shob9xxz5sfwkz3psm7j8qnfn Earth 0 2372 34414 34401 2026-04-03T19:37:57Z Kwamikagami 412 34414 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Earth''' na di nomba three [[planet|planet]] from di [[Sun]] and di onli tin wey de up wen we don sabi to fit mek life de posibu. Dis dé enabled by di fakt say Earth be a [[ocean world|water world]], di only one for di [[Sola System]] wen fit sustain liquid [[surface water]]. Almost all of Earth's water de kontained for it global ocean, wen kova 70.8% of di [[Earth krust]]. Di remaining 29.2% of di Earth krust bi land, most of which dé lokated in fom of [[kontinent]]al [[landmass]]es within one hemisphere, Earth land hemisphere. Most of Earth's land somewat dé [[humid]] and kovad by vejitation, while large [[Ice sheet|sheets of ice]] for di [[Earth's polar regions|Earth's polar]] [[desert]]s retain more water than Earth's [[groundwater]], etc. E get di simbol [[file:earth symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|🜨]]. == Also si == == Referens == {{Reflist}} {{Sola System}} 1bs7p7rlupuslp0bjm3jpspruujctzf Saturn 0 2376 34410 27818 2026-04-03T19:35:58Z Kwamikagami 412 34410 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Saturn''' bi di sixt [[planet]] from di [[Sun]] and di sekond-lajes for di [[Sola System]], afta [[Jupita]]. E bi a [[gas jaiant]] wit an averaij radius of abaut nain-and-a-haf taims dat of [[Earth]].<ref name="Radius ref">{{cite web |url=http://www.astrophysicsspectator.com/tables/Saturn.html |title=karaktaristiks of Saturn |access-date=5 July 2010 |last=Brainerd |first=Jerome James |date=24 November 2004 |publisher=The Astrophysics Spectator |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001102834/http://www.astrophysicsspectator.com/tables/Saturn.html |archive-date=1 October 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> E get di simbol [[file:Saturn symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♄]]. == Gallari == [[File:Saturn symbol (bold).svg|24px|♄]][[File:Saturn during Equinox.jpg|300px]] == Also si == == Referens == {{Reflist}} {{Sola System}} muus0l14u8hpgc1j3k39njrvfme7zql 34411 34410 2026-04-03T19:36:35Z Kwamikagami 412 /* Gallari */ 34411 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Saturn''' bi di sixt [[planet]] from di [[Sun]] and di sekond-lajes for di [[Sola System]], afta [[Jupita]]. E bi a [[gas jaiant]] wit an averaij radius of abaut nain-and-a-haf taims dat of [[Earth]].<ref name="Radius ref">{{cite web |url=http://www.astrophysicsspectator.com/tables/Saturn.html |title=karaktaristiks of Saturn |access-date=5 July 2010 |last=Brainerd |first=Jerome James |date=24 November 2004 |publisher=The Astrophysics Spectator |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001102834/http://www.astrophysicsspectator.com/tables/Saturn.html |archive-date=1 October 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> E get di simbol [[file:Saturn symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♄]]. == Gallari == <gallery> Saturn during Equinox.jpg </gallery> == Also si == == Referens == {{Reflist}} {{Sola System}} fgewbj8xybbixjs9tzn9jambe3kex2t Sun 0 2377 34415 34400 2026-04-03T19:38:48Z Kwamikagami 412 34415 wikitext text/x-wiki Di '''Sun''' bi di [[star]] wen dé di centa of di [[Sola System]]. It bi a massive, hot ball of [[plasma (physics)|plasma]], and it dé inflated and heated by energy wen [[nuclear fusion]] reakshions for it kor dé produce. Part of dis intanal [[energy]] dé komot from di surface] as [[light]], [[ultraviolet]], and [[infrared]] radiashion, providing most of di energy for [[laif]] on [[Earth]]. Di Sun dé behave dynamically as a [[magneto]]-[[altanator]] rada dan a dynamo. E get di simbol [[file:Sun symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|☉]]. == Gallari == [[File:The Sun in white light.jpg||frameless|A [[sola filta]] dimmed tru-color image of di visibul [[fotosfe]] of di Sun]] [[File:Highest resolution photo of Sun (NSF) as of January 20, 2020.jpg|thumb|alt=A miasma of plasma|High-resolution image of di Sun's surface taken by di Daniel K. Inouye Sola Telescope (DKIST)]] == Obzavashion by eyes == [[File:- panoramio (785).jpg|thumb|Di Sun seen from Earth, with glare from di lenses. Di eye also dé see glare wen lookin towards di Sun directly.|left]] q9es4d9532z655o6gj2fn68eszw18hp Jupita 0 2381 34417 27817 2026-04-03T19:40:54Z Kwamikagami 412 34417 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jupita''' bi di fifth [[planet]] from di [[Sun]] and di lajes for di [[Sola System]]. E bi a [[gas jaiant]] wit a [[mass]] wey dey moh than tuw and a haf taims dat of aul di oda planets for di [[Sola System]] kombaiynd, and slaihtli less than wan wan-tausandt di mass of di Sun. Jupita dey obit di Sun at a distans of 778.479Gm AU wit an [[obital period]] of 11.86u years. Jupita bi di thord braihtes nachoral objet]] for di nait skai of di [[Earth]] afta di [[Moon]] and [[Venus]], and e don dey in obsavaeshon sins [[prehistorik taims]]. E get di simbol [[file:Jupiter symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♃]]. == Also si == == Referens == {{Reflist}} {{Sola System}} 6uq821l8cvpu0mwbidfvj035iignsig Moon 0 2382 34413 34402 2026-04-03T19:37:36Z Kwamikagami 412 34413 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:FullMoon2010.jpg|thumb|]] Di '''Moon''' bi di only [[natural satellite]] of di [[Earth]]. [[Moon's orbit|It dé orbit di earth]] at an average distance of 384400|km|mi, abaut 30 times Earth's diameta. Di Moon always dé present di [[near side of the Moon|same side]] to Earth, bekaus [[tidal forces|gravitational pull]] don [[Tidal locking|lock it rotation]] to di planet. Dis dé result in di [[lunar day]] of 29.5 Earth days wen dé match di lunar month. Di gravitational pull{{snd}}of di Moon and to a lessa extent dat of di [[Sun]]{{snd}}bi di main draivas of di [[tide]]s. E get di simbol [[File:Moon decrescent symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|☾]] or [[File:Moon crescent symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|☽]]. == Referens == 7ktjm53qn6p11n8dydb397zcxcj2cun Venus 0 2400 34418 27814 2026-04-03T19:41:54Z Kwamikagami 412 34418 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Venus''' bi di sekond planet from di Sun. E get di densest atmosfe of all di roki bodis for di Sola System, so dens sotey for surfais levul and 92 atmosfes, e bi a supakritikal fluid. Di planet surfais dé dominated bai volkanos – 167 Venusian volkanos wey dey ova 100 km (60 mi) across na am dey. Venus get a diameta rofly equal to Earth at 12,104 km (7,521 mi) and dey klassifaid as a terrestrial planet. E get di simbol [[file:Venus symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♀]]. Di surfais of Venus get uniq feachors of volkanik orijin, such as 'farras' wey bi waiyd pankaek-laik lava doms and 'araknoids' wey bi konsentrik strukchor wey resembul spaida web. Som tink say di planet krud intanal krust dé riliz heat thru aktiv volkanisim and shayp di surfais with laj resurfaisin. Venus atmosfe get a rof komposishion of 96.5% kabon daioxaid, 3.5% naitrojin, and reflektiv sulfaurik acid klaud kova. Venus get a wik indiuzd magnetosfe. [[File:Terrestrial_planet_sizes2.jpg|left|thumb|Venus to skayl among di terrestrial planets of di Sola System, wey dey arrainjd bai di order of their Inna Sola System orbits autwod from di Sun (from left: Mekuri, Venus, Earth and Mars)]] == Also si == == Referens == {{Reflist}} {{Sola System}} dv0z39829307bbps0y57kc8k6gwj3vi 34419 34418 2026-04-03T19:42:25Z Kwamikagami 412 34419 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Venus''' bi di sekond planet from di Sun. E get di densest atmosfe of all di roki bodis for di Sola System, so dens sotey for surfais levul and 92 atmosfes, e bi a supakritikal fluid. Di planet surfais dé dominated bai volkanos – 167 Venusian volkanos wey dey ova 100 km (60 mi) across na am dey. Venus get a diameta rofly equal to Earth at 12,104 km (7,521 mi) and dey klassifaid as a terrestrial planet. E get di simbol [[file:Venus symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♀]]. Di surfais of Venus get uniq feachors of volkanik orijin, such as 'farras' wey bi waiyd pankaek-laik lava doms and 'araknoids' wey bi konsentrik strukchor wey resembul spaida web. Som tink say di planet krud intanal krust dé riliz heat thru aktiv volkanisim and shayp di surfais with laj resurfaisin. Venus atmosfe get a rof komposishion of 96.5% kabon daioxaid, 3.5% naitrojin, and reflektiv sulfaurik acid klaud kova. Venus get a wik indiuzd magnetosfe. [[File:Terrestrial_planet_sizes2.jpg|left|thumb|Venus to skayl among di terrestrial planets of di Sola System, wey dey arrainjd bai di order of their Inna Sola System orbits autwod from di Sun (from left: Mekuri, Venus, Earth and Mars)]] {{clear}} == Also si == == Referens == {{Reflist}} {{Sola System}} 6x3d08inqyknqoithjbfrjq5z8c6yzx Mars 0 2434 34416 27816 2026-04-03T19:39:47Z Kwamikagami 412 34416 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mars''' bi di foht [[planet]] from di [[Sun]]. Di [[Mars surfais kolour|surfais of Mars bi orenj-red]] bikos na [[iron(III) oxide]] dust kova am, wey giv am di niknem "'''di Red Planet'''".<ref name="Rees2012">{{cite book |title=Univas: Di Definitiv Visual Gaid |date=October 2012 |publisher=Dorlin Kindasley |isbn=978-0-7566-9841-6 |editor-last=Rees |editor-first=Martin J. |location=Niu Yok |pages=160–161}}</ref> Plenti enomos extint [[volkanos]] dey for Mars (such as [[Olympus Mons]], 21.9km|mi tall) and wan of di lajes [[kanyon]]s for di Sola System ([[Valles Marineris]], 4000km|mi long). For komparisin, Mars's diameta bi 6779km. E dey klasifaid as a [[terrestrial planet]] and bi di sekond smoles of di planets of di [[Sola System]]. E get di simbol [[File:Mars symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|♂]]. Wen klosli in viu, di relaetiveli flat [[plain]]s for di nortan pats of Mars strongli diferen from di kratad terain for e sautan [[hailand]]s – dis terain obsavaeshon bi wetin wi kom to sabi as di [[Martian daikotomi]]. Jeolojikali, di planet feli dey aktiv wit [[marsquek]]s wey dey trembul undaneat for graund, [[Martian dust devils|dust devils]] wey dey swip akros di landskayp, and [[cirrus klaud]]s. [[Karbon daioxaid]] substanshali dey present for di [[pola ice kap]]s of Mars and for di [[Atmosfe of Mars|thin atmosfe]]. In tems of obital moshon, a Martian sola day ([[Mars sol|sol]]) dey equal to 24.5 hauas and a [[Taimkipin on Mars|Martian sola year]] dey equal to 1.88 Earth years (687 Earth days). During a year, laj surfais temperashor dey swing for di surfais of Mars between -78.5C|F to 5.7C|F wey simila to Earth's [[season]]s, as both planets get signifikant [[obital ecentriciti]] and [[axial tilt]]. Mars get [[Moons of Mars|tuw nachoral satelaits]] wey smol and dey iregula for shayp: [[Fobos (moon)|Fobos]] and [[Deimos (moon)|Deimos]]. Mars fom for aproximaetli 4.5 billion years ago. During di [[Noachian]] period (4.5 to 3.5 billion years ago), Mars's surfais dey makd bai [[Impat event|meteor impats]], valley fomaeshon, eroshon, and di posibul presens of wota [[ocean]]s. Di [[Hesperian]] period (3.5 to 3.3–2.9 billion years ago) dey dominated by waidspred [[Volkanism|volkanik ativiti]] and floodin wey kav imens [[autflou channels]]. Di [[Amazonian (Mars)|Amazonian]] period, wey kontinu to di present, dey makd bai di [[Aeolian proces-dem|wind as a dominant influens on jeolojikal proces-dem]]. Wi neva sabi wheda [[Laif for Mars|laif don eva exist for Mars]]. Mars dey among [[List of braites nachoral objets for di sky|di braites objets for Earth sky]] and e hai-kontras [[albedo feacho]]s don mek am a komon subjet for [[teleskop]] viuin. Since di leit 20th centuri, [[Exploraeshon of Mars|unkreud spaiskraft and rovas don dey explor am]], wit di fes flybai bai di ''[[Marina 4]]'' proub for 1965, the fes Mars obita bai di ''[[Mars 2]]'' proub for 1971, and di fes landin bai di ''[[Vaikin 1]]'' proub for 1976. As of 2023, na at least 11 ativ proubs dey obit Mars or di Martian surfais. Mars bi an atrativ taget for fucho [[Human mision to Mars|human exploraeshon misions]], though as at 2020s no such mision dey pland. == Also si == == Referens == {{Reflist}} {{Sola System}} i6ft0zzyktx6jra7iho3ysz238hmjyp Neptun 0 2453 34404 30501 2026-04-03T19:28:36Z Kwamikagami 412 34404 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Neptun''' bi di eiht and [[planet]] wey fa pas from di [[Sun]]. E bi di [[List of Sola System objets bai saiz|foht-lajes planet]] for di [[Sola System]] bai diameta, di thord-mos-masiv planet, and di densest [[jaiant planet]]. E bi 17 taims di [[mass of Earth]], and dey slaihtli moh masiv than felo [[ice jaiant]] [[Uranus]]. Neptun dey densa and fisikali smola than Uranus bekaus e great mass dey kaus moh gravitashonal kompresion of e atmosfe. Wey dey komposd praimarili of gasis and liquids, e no get wel-defaind solid surfais. Di planet dey obit di Sun wons evri 164.8 [[julian year (astronomy)|years]] for an [[orbital distans]] of 30.1AU|e9km e9mi. E nem kom from [[Neptun (mitoloji)|di Roman god of di sea]] and get di [[astronomikal simbol]] {{nowrap|[[File:Neptune symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|♆]],}} wey dey represent [[Traident of Poseidon|Neptun traident]]. Neptun no dey visibul to unaided ai and bi di onli planet for di Sola System wey wi faind bai matematikal predishons rada than bai [[empirikal obsavashon]]. Unexpeted chenjis for di obit of Uranus lead [[Alexis Bouvard]] to hypotesaiz say e obit dey subjet to gravitashonal [[Petobashon (astronomi)|petobashon]] bai a planet wey wi neva sabi abaut. Afta Bouvard kpai, di posishon of Neptun kom dey predited from e obsavashons, independentli, bai [[John Kouch Adams]] and [[Urbain Le Verrier]]. Neptun kom dey subsequentli obsavd wit teleskop on 23 September 1846 bai [[Johann Gottfried Galle]] widin a [[Degree (angul)|degree]] of di posishon wey Le Verrier predit. E lajes moon, [[Triton (moon)|Triton]], dey diskovad shortli diarafta, though non of di planet [[Moons of Neptun|remainin 13 moons]] dey teleskopikali obsavd until di 20th century. Di planet distans from Earth dey giv am a smol [[aparent saiz]], mekin am dey chalenjin to stodi am wit Earth-bayzd teleskops. ''[[Voyaija 2|Voyaija 2]]'' been visit Neptun, wen e [[Planetari flaibai|flai ova]] di planet on 25 August 1989; ''Voyaija 2'' remain di onli spaiskraft wey don visit am.<ref name="NYT-2>{{cite news |last=Chang |first=Kenneth |title=Dak Spots for hau wi tek sabi Neptun |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/19/science/dark-spots-in-our-knowledge-of-neptune.html |date=18 October 2014 |newspaper=Di Niu Yok Taims |access-date=21 October 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141028062618/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/19/science/dark-spots-in-our-knowledge-of-neptune.html |archive-date=28 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/neptune/exploration?page=0&per_page=10&order=launch_date+desc,title+asc&search=&tags=Neptune&category=33|title=Exploraeshon {{!}} Neptun|website=NASA Sola System Exploraeshon|access-date=2020-02-03|quote="In 1989, NASA Voyaija 2 bikom di fes-and onli-spaiskraft to stodi Neptun up klous."|archive-date=17 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200717140051/https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/neptune/exploration/?page=0&per_page=10&order=launch_date+desc,title+asc&search=&tags=Neptune&category=33|url-status=live}}</ref> Di advent of di [[Hobul Spais Teleskop]] and laj graund-bayzd teleskops wit [[adaptiv optiks]] don alau for adishonal detaild obsavashons from afa. Laik di [[gas jaiant]]s ([[Jupita]] and [[Saturn]]), Neptun atmosfe dey komposd praimarili of [[hydrojen]] and [[helium]], along wit traces of [[hydrokarbon]]s and posibli [[naitrojen]], but kontain a haia proporshon of ''[[Volatile (astrojeoloji)|ices]]'' such as wota, [[ammonia]] and [[methaen]]. Simila to Uranus, e interior dey praimarili komposd of ices and rok; both planets nomali dey konsidad as "ice jaiants" to distinguish dem. Along wit [[Rayleih skatarin]], traces of methaen for di autamos rejions mek Neptun to apia faintli blue.<ref name=bluecolour>{{cite web |first=Kirk |last=Munsell |author2=Smith, Harman |author3=Harvey, Samantha |date=13 November 2007 |url=http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Neptune&Display=OverviewLong |title=Neptun ovaviu |website=Sola System Exploraeshon |publisher=NASA |access-date=20 February 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080303045911/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Neptune&Display=OverviewLong |archive-date=3 March 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=|title=Jemini Nort Teleskop Hep dey Explain Whai Uranus and Neptun bi Diferen Kolours - Obsavashons from Jemini Obsavatori, a Program of NSF's NOIRLab, and oda teleskops reveal say exces hayz for Uranus mek am dey payl pas Neptun |url=https://www.noirlab.edu/public/news/noirlab2211/ |date=May 31, 2022 |website=www.noirlab.edu |language=en |access-date=30 July 2022 |archive-date=30 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220730153653/https://www.noirlab.edu/public/news/noirlab2211/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In kontras to di strongli seasonal atmosfe of Uranus, wey fit dey feachorles for long periods of taim, Neptun atmosfe get ativ and konsistentli visibul weda patans. As at di taim of di ''Voyaija 2'' flaibai for 1989, di planet sautan hemisfe get a [[Great Dak Spot]] wey dey komparabul to di [[Great Red Spot]] for Jupita. For 2018, a niua main dak spot and smola dak spot kom dey identifaid and stodid. Diz weda patans dey driven bai di stronges sustaind winds of eni planet for di Sola System, as hai as 2100km/h|m/s mph.<ref name="Suomi1991">{{cite journal |last=Suomi |first=V.E. |author2=Limaye, S.S. |author3=Johnson, D.R. |date=1991 |title=Hai Winds of Neptun: A posibul mekanisim |journal=[[Saiens (journal)|Saiens]] |volume=251 |issue=4996 |pages=929–32 |doi=10.1126/science.251.4996.929 |pmid=17847386 |bibcode=1991Sci...251..929S|s2cid=46419483 }}</ref> Bekaus of e great distans from di Sun, Neptun auta atmosfe bi wan of di koldes plaesis for di Sola System, wit temperechors for e kloud tops dey aproach 55K|C F. Temperechots for di centa of di planet bi aproximateli 5400K|C F. Neptun get [[Rings of Neptun|a faint and fragmented ring system]] (wey dey labeld as "arks"), wey wi diskova for 1984 and wey ''Voyaija 2'' konfam. == Also si == == Referens == {{Reflist}} {{Sola System}} 2k2vgd0r6w164x0ptsny95vpr2ckul3 34405 34404 2026-04-03T19:29:12Z Kwamikagami 412 34405 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Neptun''' bi di eiht [[planet]] wey fa pas from di [[Sun]]. E bi di [[List of Sola System objets bai saiz|foht-lajes planet]] for di [[Sola System]] bai diameta, di thord-mos-masiv planet, and di densest [[jaiant planet]]. E bi 17 taims di [[mass of Earth]], and dey slaihtli moh masiv than felo [[ice jaiant]] [[Uranus]]. Neptun dey densa and fisikali smola than Uranus bekaus e great mass dey kaus moh gravitashonal kompresion of e atmosfe. Wey dey komposd praimarili of gasis and liquids, e no get wel-defaind solid surfais. Di planet dey obit di Sun wons evri 164.8 [[julian year (astronomy)|years]] for an [[orbital distans]] of 30.1AU|e9km e9mi. E nem kom from [[Neptun (mitoloji)|di Roman god of di sea]] and get di [[astronomikal simbol]] {{nowrap|[[File:Neptune symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|♆]],}} wey dey represent [[Traident of Poseidon|Neptun traident]]. Neptun no dey visibul to unaided ai and bi di onli planet for di Sola System wey wi faind bai matematikal predishons rada than bai [[empirikal obsavashon]]. Unexpeted chenjis for di obit of Uranus lead [[Alexis Bouvard]] to hypotesaiz say e obit dey subjet to gravitashonal [[Petobashon (astronomi)|petobashon]] bai a planet wey wi neva sabi abaut. Afta Bouvard kpai, di posishon of Neptun kom dey predited from e obsavashons, independentli, bai [[John Kouch Adams]] and [[Urbain Le Verrier]]. Neptun kom dey subsequentli obsavd wit teleskop on 23 September 1846 bai [[Johann Gottfried Galle]] widin a [[Degree (angul)|degree]] of di posishon wey Le Verrier predit. E lajes moon, [[Triton (moon)|Triton]], dey diskovad shortli diarafta, though non of di planet [[Moons of Neptun|remainin 13 moons]] dey teleskopikali obsavd until di 20th century. Di planet distans from Earth dey giv am a smol [[aparent saiz]], mekin am dey chalenjin to stodi am wit Earth-bayzd teleskops. ''[[Voyaija 2|Voyaija 2]]'' been visit Neptun, wen e [[Planetari flaibai|flai ova]] di planet on 25 August 1989; ''Voyaija 2'' remain di onli spaiskraft wey don visit am.<ref name="NYT-2>{{cite news |last=Chang |first=Kenneth |title=Dak Spots for hau wi tek sabi Neptun |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/19/science/dark-spots-in-our-knowledge-of-neptune.html |date=18 October 2014 |newspaper=Di Niu Yok Taims |access-date=21 October 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141028062618/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/19/science/dark-spots-in-our-knowledge-of-neptune.html |archive-date=28 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/neptune/exploration?page=0&per_page=10&order=launch_date+desc,title+asc&search=&tags=Neptune&category=33|title=Exploraeshon {{!}} Neptun|website=NASA Sola System Exploraeshon|access-date=2020-02-03|quote="In 1989, NASA Voyaija 2 bikom di fes-and onli-spaiskraft to stodi Neptun up klous."|archive-date=17 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200717140051/https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/neptune/exploration/?page=0&per_page=10&order=launch_date+desc,title+asc&search=&tags=Neptune&category=33|url-status=live}}</ref> Di advent of di [[Hobul Spais Teleskop]] and laj graund-bayzd teleskops wit [[adaptiv optiks]] don alau for adishonal detaild obsavashons from afa. Laik di [[gas jaiant]]s ([[Jupita]] and [[Saturn]]), Neptun atmosfe dey komposd praimarili of [[hydrojen]] and [[helium]], along wit traces of [[hydrokarbon]]s and posibli [[naitrojen]], but kontain a haia proporshon of ''[[Volatile (astrojeoloji)|ices]]'' such as wota, [[ammonia]] and [[methaen]]. Simila to Uranus, e interior dey praimarili komposd of ices and rok; both planets nomali dey konsidad as "ice jaiants" to distinguish dem. Along wit [[Rayleih skatarin]], traces of methaen for di autamos rejions mek Neptun to apia faintli blue.<ref name=bluecolour>{{cite web |first=Kirk |last=Munsell |author2=Smith, Harman |author3=Harvey, Samantha |date=13 November 2007 |url=http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Neptune&Display=OverviewLong |title=Neptun ovaviu |website=Sola System Exploraeshon |publisher=NASA |access-date=20 February 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080303045911/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Neptune&Display=OverviewLong |archive-date=3 March 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=|title=Jemini Nort Teleskop Hep dey Explain Whai Uranus and Neptun bi Diferen Kolours - Obsavashons from Jemini Obsavatori, a Program of NSF's NOIRLab, and oda teleskops reveal say exces hayz for Uranus mek am dey payl pas Neptun |url=https://www.noirlab.edu/public/news/noirlab2211/ |date=May 31, 2022 |website=www.noirlab.edu |language=en |access-date=30 July 2022 |archive-date=30 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220730153653/https://www.noirlab.edu/public/news/noirlab2211/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In kontras to di strongli seasonal atmosfe of Uranus, wey fit dey feachorles for long periods of taim, Neptun atmosfe get ativ and konsistentli visibul weda patans. As at di taim of di ''Voyaija 2'' flaibai for 1989, di planet sautan hemisfe get a [[Great Dak Spot]] wey dey komparabul to di [[Great Red Spot]] for Jupita. For 2018, a niua main dak spot and smola dak spot kom dey identifaid and stodid. Diz weda patans dey driven bai di stronges sustaind winds of eni planet for di Sola System, as hai as 2100km/h|m/s mph.<ref name="Suomi1991">{{cite journal |last=Suomi |first=V.E. |author2=Limaye, S.S. |author3=Johnson, D.R. |date=1991 |title=Hai Winds of Neptun: A posibul mekanisim |journal=[[Saiens (journal)|Saiens]] |volume=251 |issue=4996 |pages=929–32 |doi=10.1126/science.251.4996.929 |pmid=17847386 |bibcode=1991Sci...251..929S|s2cid=46419483 }}</ref> Bekaus of e great distans from di Sun, Neptun auta atmosfe bi wan of di koldes plaesis for di Sola System, wit temperechors for e kloud tops dey aproach 55K|C F. Temperechots for di centa of di planet bi aproximateli 5400K|C F. Neptun get [[Rings of Neptun|a faint and fragmented ring system]] (wey dey labeld as "arks"), wey wi diskova for 1984 and wey ''Voyaija 2'' konfam. == Also si == == Referens == {{Reflist}} {{Sola System}} a1l20mr2lnu6k9nmefotx75oxl5rn0x Uranus 0 2456 34409 27819 2026-04-03T19:34:16Z Kwamikagami 412 34409 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Uranus''' bi di sevunt planet from di Sun. E bi a gaseous cyan-kolourd ice jaiant. Mos of di planet bi wota, ammonia, and methaen for a supakritikal faez of mata, wey for astronomi bi 'ice' or volatais. Di planet atmosfe get komplex layerd klaud strochor and get di lowes minimum temperashor of 49 K (−224 °C; −371 °F) aut of aul di [[Sola system|Sola System]] planet-dem. E get a makd axial tilt of 82.23° wit a retrograed rotashon period of 17 hauas and 14 minuts. Dis mean say for an 84-Earth-year obital period araund di Sun, e pol-dem get araund 42 years of kontinuous sunlait, wey dey folod bai 42 years of kontinuous daknes. E get di simbol [[file:Uranus symbol (fixed width).svg|20px|⛢]] and [[file:Uranus monogram (fixed width).svg|20px|♅]]. == Also si == == Referens == {{Reflist}} {{Sola System}} kfgbuvcttrjfp3pn76a9wxydsc2hog3 List of heads of state of Ghana 0 2560 34420 28196 2026-04-04T02:35:17Z CommonsDelinker 88 Replacing The_National_Archives_UK_-_CO_1069-50-1.jpg with [[File:Kwame_Nkrumah_-_The_National_Archives_UK_-_CO_1069-50-1.jpg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]:). 34420 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Dis na di list of di '''heads of stet of Ghana''', fom di independence of Ghana for 1957 insaid rish present dey."Independence, Coups, an di Repoblik, 1957–present". Fom 1957 rish 1960 di head of stet onda di konstitushon of 1957 Wen di Queen of [[Ghana]], Elizabeth ii, wey bi di Queen of di United Kingdom an oda Commonwealth wey dey onda. Na one big pesin dey stan for am in [[Ghana]] by govnor general. Ghana bi repoblik onda di Commonwealth onda di konstitushon of 1960 an di dem reples govnor genral by exekutiv president. ==Monarch (1957–1960)== As dem tek reples am for throne na di sem as di [[dem tek replez di British throne]] {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |{{Abbr|No.|Number}} ! rowspan="2" |Portrait ! rowspan="2" |Name {{small|(Birth–Death)}} ! colspan="3" |Reign ! rowspan="2" |Royal House ! rowspan="2" |[[Prime Minister of Ghana|Prime minister]] |- !Reign start !Reign end !Duration |- ! 1 | [[File:Queen Elizabeth II official portrait for 1959 tour (retouched) (cropped) (3-to-4 aspect ratio).jpg|90px]] | Queen [[Elizabeth II]] {{small|(1926–2022)}} | {{nowrap|6 March}} 1957 | {{nowrap|1 July}} 1960 | {{ayd|1957|3|6|1960|7|1}} | [[House of Windsor|Windsor]] | [[Kwame Nkrumah|Nkrumah]] |} ===Govnor-general=== [[File:Flag of the Governor-General of Ghana (1957–1960).svg|thumb|right|Flag of the governor-general of Ghana]] Di govnor-general bi di representative of di monarch in Ghana an uze most of di pawa of di monarch. Di govnor-general dey for partikular term, sarf onda di monarch. Since Ghana don get independence by di [[Ghana Independence Act 1957]], dem no fest stat as a semi-autonomous [[Dominion]] an leta rish independence by di [[Statute of Westminster 19 goveial govnor, wey sarf as governor-general temporaril i replez am wit William Hare. Wen nobodi dey [[Chief Justice of Ghana|chief justice]]sarf as [[Administrator of the government|officer administering the government]]. ;Status {{legend|#E6E6AA|Denotes Chief Justice acting as Officer Administering the Government}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |{{Abbr|No.|Number}} ! rowspan="2" |Portrait ! rowspan="2" |Name {{small|(Birth–Death)}} ! colspan="3" |Term of office ! rowspan="2" |Monarch ! rowspan="2" |[[Prime Minister of Ghana|Prime minister]] |- !Took office !Left office !Time in office |- ! 1 | [[File:The National Archives UK - CO 1069-43-9 - crop.jpg|90px]] | [[Charles Arden-Clarke|Sir Charles Arden-Clarke]] {{small|(1898–1962)}} | {{nowrap|6 March}} 1957 | {{nowrap|14 May}} 1957 | {{ayd|1957|3|6|1957|5|14}} | rowspan=3|[[Elizabeth II]] | rowspan=3|[[Kwame Nkrumah|Nkrumah]] |-style="background:#e6e6aa;" | – | [[File:Sir-Kobina-Arku-Korsah.jpg|90px]] | [[Kobina Arku Korsah|Sir Kobina Arku Korsah]] {{small|(1894–1967)}} | {{nowrap|14 May}} 1957 | {{nowrap|13 November}} 1957 | {{ayd|1957|5|14|1957|11|13}} |- ! 2 | [[File:No image.png|90px]] | [[William Hare, 5th Earl of Listowel|The Earl of Listowel]] {{small|(1906–1997)}} | {{nowrap|13 November}} 1957 | {{nowrap|1 July}} 1960 | {{ayd|1957|11|13|1960|7|1}} |} ==Fest repoblik (1960 - 1966)== Onda di konstitushon of 1960, wey bi Di fest konstitushon of Ghana, di president go replez di monarch as exekutiv head of stet. Di president go uze 5 years term. Wen nobodi dey three memba for di kabinet go sarf togeda as president ;Political parties {{legend|{{party color|Convention People's Party}}|[[Convention People's Party]] (CPP)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} ;Symbols {{note label|C|C|C}} Constitutional referendum {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |{{Abbr|No.|Number}} ! rowspan="2" |Portrait ! rowspan="2" |Name {{small|(Birth–Death)}} ! rowspan="2" |Elected ! colspan="3" |Term of office ! rowspan="2" |Political party |- !Took office !Left office !Time in office |- ! style="background:{{party color|Convention People's Party}}; color:white;" | 1 | [[File:Kwame Nkrumah - The National Archives UK - CO 1069-50-1.jpg|90px]] | [[Kwame Nkrumah]] {{small|(1909–1972)}} | [[1960 Ghanaian presidential election|1960]] {{Text|[[1964 Ghanaian constitutional referendum|1964]]{{ref label|C|C|C}}}} | {{nowrap|1 July}} 1960 | {{nowrap|26 February}} 1966 {{small|([[National Liberation Council#1966 coup|Deposed in a coup]])}} | {{ayd|1960|7|1|1966|2|26}} | [[Convention People's Party|CPP]] |} ==Militiri rol== Lieutenant-General Joseph Arthur Ankrah led a coup d'état wey komot President Nkrumah an govmet, hol politika parti an parliament sef no dey. ==Oda facshons== ;Other factions {{legend|{{party color|Military rule}}|[[Ghana Armed Forces|Military]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |{{Abbr|No.|Number}} ! rowspan="2" |Portrait ! rowspan="2" |Name {{small|(Birth–Death)}} ! colspan="3" |Term of office ! rowspan="2" |Political party |- !Took office !Left office !Time in office |- ! style="background:{{party color|Military rule}}; color:black;" | 2 | [[File:Joseph Arthur Ankrah in America (cropped).jpg|90px]] | [[Joseph Arthur Ankrah|{{small|Lieutenant-General}} Joseph Arthur Ankrah]] {{small|(1915–1992)}} {{small|Chairman of the [[National Liberation Council|NLC]]}} | {{nowrap|24 February}} 1966 | {{nowrap|2 April}} 1969 {{small|(Resigned)}} | {{ayd|1966|2|24|1969|4|2}} | rowspan="2" |[[Ghana Armed Forces|Military]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Military rule}}; color:black;" | 3 | [[File:No image.png|90px]] | [[Akwasi Afrifa|{{small|Brigadier}} Akwasi Afrifa]] {{small|(1936–1979)}} {{small|Chairman of the NLC}} | {{nowrap|2 April}} 1969 | {{nowrap|3 September}} 1969 | {{ayd|1969|4|2|1969|9|3}} |} ==Sekond repoblik== Oda facshons .Militiri . Independent Other factions {{legend|{{party color|Military rule}}|[[Ghana Armed Forces|Military]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend|{{party color|Independent politician}}|[[Independent politician|Independent]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} ;Status {{legend|#E6E6AA|Denotes Speaker of Parliament and acting President}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |{{Abbr|No.|Number}} ! rowspan="2" |Portrait ! rowspan="2" |Name {{small|(Birth–Death)}} ! rowspan="2" |Elected ! colspan="3" |Term of office ! rowspan="2" |Political party ! rowspan="2" |[[Prime Minister of Ghana|Prime minister]] |- !Took office !Left office !Time in office |- ! style="background:{{party color|Military rule}}; color:black;" | {{small|(3)}} | [[File:No image.png|90px]] | [[Akwasi Afrifa|{{small|Brigadier}} Akwasi Afrifa]] {{small|(1936–1979)}} {{small|Chairman of the Presidential Commission}} | — | {{nowrap|3 September}} 1969 | {{nowrap|7 August}} 1970 | {{ayd|1969|9|3|1970|8|7}} | [[Ghana Armed Forces|Military]] | rowspan="3" |[[Kofi Abrefa Busia|Busia]] |- style="background:#e6e6aa;" ! style="background:{{party color|Independent politician}}; color:black;" | – | [[File:No image.png|90px]] | [[Nii Amaa Ollennu]] {{small|(1906–1986)}} | — | {{nowrap|7 August}} 1970 | {{nowrap|31 August}} 1970 | {{ayd|1970|8|7|1970|8|31}} | [[Independent politician|Independent]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Independent politician}}; color:black;" | 4 | [[File:No image.png|90px]] | [[Edward Akufo-Addo]] {{small|(1906–1979)}} | — | {{nowrap|31 August}} 1970 | {{nowrap|13 January}} 1972 {{small|([[National Redemption Council#13 January 1972|Deposed in a coup]])}} | {{ayd|1970|8|31|1972|1|13}} | Independent |} ==Sekond Repoblik== Oda facshons . Militiri . Independent Status ;Other factions {{legend|{{party color|Military rule}}|[[Ghana Armed Forces|Military]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend|{{party color|Independent politician}}|[[Independent politician|Independent]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} ;Status {{legend|#E6E6AA|Denotes Speaker of Parliament and acting President}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |{{Abbr|No.|Number}} ! rowspan="2" |Portrait ! rowspan="2" |Name {{small|(Birth–Death)}} ! rowspan="2" |Elected ! colspan="3" |Term of office ! rowspan="2" |Political party ! rowspan="2" |[[Prime Minister of Ghana|Prime minister]] |- !Took office !Left office !Time in office |- ! style="background:{{party color|Military rule}}; color:black;" | {{small|(3)}} | [[File:No image.png|90px]] | [[Akwasi Afrifa|{{small|Brigadier}} Akwasi Afrifa]] {{small|(1936–1979)}} {{small|Chairman of the Presidential Commission}} | — | {{nowrap|3 September}} 1969 | {{nowrap|7 August}} 1970 | {{ayd|1969|9|3|1970|8|7}} | [[Ghana Armed Forces|Military]] | rowspan="3" |[[Kofi Abrefa Busia|Busia]] |- style="background:#e6e6aa;" ! style="background:{{party color|Independent politician}}; color:black;" | – | [[File:No image.png|90px]] | [[Nii Amaa Ollennu]] {{small|(1906–1986)}} | — | {{nowrap|7 August}} 1970 | {{nowrap|31 August}} 1970 | {{ayd|1970|8|7|1970|8|31}} | [[Independent politician|Independent]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Independent politician}}; color:black;" | 4 | [[File:No image.png|90px]] | [[Edward Akufo-Addo]] {{small|(1906–1979)}} | — | {{nowrap|31 August}} 1970 | {{nowrap|13 January}} 1972 {{small|([[National Redemption Council#13 January 1972|Deposed in a coup]])}} | {{ayd|1970|8|31|1972|1|13}} | Independent |} ==Militiri rul (1972 - 1979)== General Ignatius Kutu Acheampong leed a coup d'état wey komot President Akufo-Addo, Prime Minister Abrefa Busia an im govmet, evri political parties,and Parliament too komot. Lieutenant General Fred Akuffo leed a palace coup wey komot General Acheampong,]afta dat one Flight Lieutenant Jerry Rawlings leed a coup d'état wey komot di Supreme Military Council. Oda facshons .Militiri {{legend|{{party color|Military rule}}|[[Ghana Armed Forces|Military]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |{{Abbr|No.|Number}} ! rowspan="2" |Portrait ! rowspan="2" |Name {{small|(Birth–Death)}} ! colspan="3" |Term of office ! rowspan="2" |Political party |- !Took office !Left office !Time in office |- ! rowspan=2 style="background:{{party color|Military rule}}; color:black;" | 5 | rowspan=2|[[File:No image.png|90px]] | [[Ignatius Kutu Acheampong|{{small|General}} Ignatius Kutu Acheampong]] {{small|(1931–1979)}} {{small|Chairman of the [[National Redemption Council|NRC]]}} | rowspan=2|{{nowrap|13 January}} 1972 | rowspan=2|{{nowrap|5 July}} 1978 {{small|([[Supreme Military Council (Ghana)#Palace coup|Deposed in a coup]])}} | rowspan=2|{{ayd|1972|1|13|1978|7|5}} | rowspan="4" |[[Ghana Armed Forces|Military]] |- | {{small|Chairman of the [[Supreme Military Council (Ghana)|SMC]] from 9 October 1975}} |- ! style="background:{{party color|Military rule}}; color:black;" | 6 | [[File:No image.png|90px]] | [[Fred Akuffo|{{small|Lieutenant-General}} Fred Akuffo]] {{small|(1937–1979)}} {{small|Chairman of the SMC}} | {{nowrap|5 July}} 1978 | {{nowrap|4 June}} 1979 {{small|([[June 4th revolution in Ghana|Deposed in a coup]])}} | {{ayd|1978|7|5|1979|6|4}} |- ! style="background:{{party color|Military rule}}; color:black;" | 7 | [[File:Fmr Prez. Rawlings (cropped).jpg|90px]] | [[Jerry Rawlings|{{small|Flight Lieutenant}} Jerry Rawlings]] {{small|(1947–2020)}} {{small|Chairman of the [[Armed Forces Revolutionary Council (Ghana)|AFRC]]}} | {{nowrap|4 June}} 1979 | {{nowrap|24 September}} 1979 | {{ayd|1979|6|4|1979|9|24}} |} ==Third Repoblik== Onda di konstitushononstitution of 1979 di president wey bi head of stet an govmet. Di president wey dem elect dairet an sarf a four-year term wey expired for di nex general shon eleshon; a president fit sarf a maximum of two term. Wen nobodi dey as president Di vice president fit Stan as president. Politika Partis {{legend|{{party color|People's National Party (Ghana)}}|[[People's National Party (Ghana)|People's National Party]] (PNP)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |{{Abbr|No.|Number}} ! rowspan="2" |Portrait ! rowspan="2" |Name {{small|(Birth–Death)}} ! rowspan="2" |Elected ! colspan="3" |Term of office ! rowspan="2" |Political party |- !Took office !Left office !Time in office |- ! style="background:{{party color|People's National Party (Ghana)}}; color:white;" | 8 | [[File:Hilla Limann.jpg|90px]] | [[Hilla Limann]] {{small|(1934–1998)}} | [[1979 Ghanaian general election|1979]] | {{nowrap|24 September}} 1979 | {{nowrap|31 December}} 1981 {{small|([[Provisional National Defence Council|Deposed in a coup]])}} | {{ayd|1979|9|24|1981|12|31}} | [[People's National Party (Ghana)|PNP]] |} ==Fourth Repoblik (1993 - Present) == Oda di korent Konstitushon di president na head of di stet an govmet. Di president dey enta by eleshon an sarf a four-year term wey go finish for di nex general elecshon; a president fit sarf a maximum of two terms. Wen pesin no dey as president, di vice-president sarf di time as the president for di years wey remain. Political parties {{legend|{{party color|National Democratic Congress (Ghana)}}|[[National Democratic Congress (Ghana)|National Democratic Congress]] (NDC)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} {{legend|{{party color|New Patriotic Party}}|[[New Patriotic Party]] (NPP)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}} ;Symbols {{note label|†|†|†}} Died in office {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |{{Abbr|No.|Number}} ! rowspan="2" |Portrait ! rowspan="2" |Name {{small|(Birth–Death)}} ! rowspan="2" |Elected ! colspan="3" |Term of office ! rowspan="2" |Political party |- !Took office !Left office !Time in office |- ! style="background:{{party color|National Democratic Congress (Ghana)}}; color:white;" | {{small|(7)}} | [[File:Fmr Prez. Rawlings (cropped).jpg|90px]] | [[Jerry Rawlings]] {{small|(1947–2020)}} | [[1992 Ghanaian presidential election|1992]] [[1996 Ghanaian general election|1996]] | {{nowrap|7 January}} 1993 | {{nowrap|7 January}} 2001 | {{age in years|1993|1|7|2001|1|7}} years | [[National Democratic Congress (Ghana)|NDC]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|New Patriotic Party}}; color:white;" | 8 | [[File:John Kufuor 080915-A-8817J-090.JPG|90px]] | [[John Kufuor]] {{small|(born 1938)}} | [[2000 Ghanaian general election|2000]] [[2004 Ghanaian general election|2004]] | {{nowrap|7 January}} 2001 | {{nowrap|7 January}} 2009 | {{age in years|2001|1|7|2009|1|7}} years | [[New Patriotic Party|NPP]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|National Democratic Congress (Ghana)}}; color:white;" | 9 | [[File:John Atta Mills.jpg|90px]] | [[John Atta Mills]] {{small|(1944–2012)}} | [[2008 Ghanaian general election|2008]] | {{nowrap|7 January}} 2009 | {{nowrap|24 July}} 2012{{ref label|†|†|†}} | {{ayd|2009|1|7|2012|7|24}} | [[National Democratic Congress (Ghana)|NDC]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|National Democratic Congress (Ghana)}}; color:white;" | 10 | [[File:John Dramani Mahama Aug2014 (cropped).jpg|90px]] | [[John Mahama]] {{small|(born 1958)}} | [[2012 Ghanaian general election|2012]] | {{nowrap|24 July}} 2012 | {{nowrap|7 January}} 2017 | {{ayd|2012|7|24|2017|1|7}} |[[National Democratic Congress (Ghana)|NDC]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|New Patriotic Party}}; color:white;" | 11 | [[File:Nana Akufo Addo, Jan. 2020.jpg|90px]] | [[Nana Akufo-Addo]] {{small|(born 1944)}} | [[2016 Ghanaian general election|2016]] [[2020 Ghanaian general election|2020]] | {{nowrap|7 January}} 2017 | Incumbent | {{ayd|2017|1|7}} | [[New Patriotic Party|NPP]] |} ==Hau e tek bi sins 1960== {{#tag:timeline| ImageSize = width:900 height:auto barincrement:21 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:150 left:20 AlignBars = late Define $today = {{#time:d/m/Y}} Colors = id:independent value:rgb(0.710,0.710,0.710) legend:None_(Independent) id:military value:rgb(0.76,0.69,0.57) legend:Military id:cpp value:rgb(0.81,0.07,0.15) legend:Convention_People's_Party id:pnp value:rgb(0.89,0.2,0.18) legend:People's_National_Party id:ndc value:rgb(0.04,0.39,0.21) legend:National_Democratic_Congress id:npp value:rgb(0.04,0.18,0.48) legend:New_Patriotic_Party id:gray1 value:gray(0.85) id:gray2 value:gray(0.95) DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1960 till:31/12/{{#expr:{{#time:Y}}+1}} TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = gridcolor:gray1 unit:year increment:5 start:1960 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:gray2 unit:year increment:1 start:1960 Legend = columns:1 left:150 top:35 columnwidth:170 TextData = pos:(20,38) textcolor:black fontsize:M text:"Political party:" BarData = bar:Nkrumah bar:Ankrah bar:Afrifa bar:Ollennu bar:EdwardAkufo-Addo bar:Acheampong bar:Akuffo bar:Rawlings bar:Limann bar:Kufuor bar:Mills bar:Mahama bar:NanaAkufo-Addo PlotData = width:5 align:left fontsize:9 shift:(5,-4) anchor:till bar:Nkrumah from: 01/07/1960 till: 24/02/1966 color:cpp text:"[[Kwame Nkrumah]]" bar:Ankrah from: 24/02/1966 till: 02/04/1969 color:military text:"[[Joseph Arthur Ankrah]]" bar:Afrifa from: 02/04/1969 till: 07/08/1970 color:military text:"[[Akwasi Afrifa]]" bar:Ollennu from: 07/08/1970 till: 31/08/1970 color:independent text:"[[Nii Amaa Ollennu]] (acting)" bar:EdwardAkufo-Addo from: 31/08/1970 till: 13/01/1972 color:independent text:"[[Edward Akufo-Addo]]" bar:Acheampong from: 13/01/1972 till: 05/07/1978 color:military text:"[[Ignatius Kutu Acheampong]]" bar:Akuffo from: 05/07/1978 till: 04/06/1979 color:military text:"[[Fred Akuffo]]" bar:Rawlings from: 04/06/1979 till: 24/09/1979 color:military from: 31/12/1981 till: 28/07/1992 color:military from: 28/07/1992 till: 07/01/2001 color:ndc text:"[[Jerry Rawlings]]" bar:Limann from: 24/09/1979 till: 31/12/1981 color:pnp text:"[[Hilla Limann]]" bar:Kufuor from: 07/01/2001 till: 07/01/2009 color:npp text:"[[John Kufuor]]" bar:Mills from: 07/01/2009 till: 24/07/2012 color:ndc text:"[[John Atta Mills]]" bar:Mahama from: 24/07/2012 till: 07/01/2017 color:ndc text:"[[John Mahama]]" bar:NanaAkufo-Addo from: 07/01/2017 till: $today color:npp text:"[[Nana Akufo-Addo]]" }} == Demographics== {| {{table}} | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Head of state''' | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Ethnicity''' | align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Religious affiliation''' |- | Kwame Nkrumah||Nzema (Akan)||Roman Catholic (later Nondenominational Christian)<ref>{{Cite book|last=Miller|first=Jon|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QV-hAwAAQBAJ|title=Missionary Zeal and Institutional Control: Organizational Contradictions in the Basel Mission on the Gold Coast 1828-1917|date=2014-05-22|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-87625-7|location=|pages=30|language=en}}</ref> |- | Joseph Ankrah||Ga||Methodist |- | Akwasi Afrifa||Ashanti (Akan)||Anglican |- | Nii Amaa Ollennu||Ga||Presbyterian |- | Edward Akufo-Addo||Akuapem (Akan)||Presbyterian |- | Kofi Abrefa Busia||Bono (Akan)||Methodist |- | Ignatius Kutu Acheampong||Ashanti (Akan)||Roman Catholic |- | Fred Akuffo||Akuapem (Akan)||Presbyterian |- | Hilla Limann||Sissala||Roman Catholic |- | Jerry John Rawlings||Scottish/Anlo Ewe||Roman Catholic |- | John Agyekum Kufuor||Ashanti (Akan)||Roman Catholic |- | John Atta Mills||Fante (Akan)||Methodist |- | John Dramani Mahama||Gonja||Assemblies of God (raised Presbyterian) |- | Nana Akufo-Addo||Akuapem/Akyem (Akan)||Anglican (raised Presbyterian) |} gu2nejpju1c80ui5r6eb760flv4p9yb