Wikipedia quwiki https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qhapaq_p%27anqa MediaWiki 1.45.0-wmf.7 first-letter Midya Sapaq Rimanakuy Ruraq Ruraq rimanakuy Wikipidiya Wikipidiya rimanakuy Rikcha Rikcha rimanakuy MediaWiki MediaWiki rimanakuy Plantilla Plantilla rimanakuy Yanapa Yanapa rimanakuy Katiguriya Katiguriya rimanakuy TimedText TimedText talk Módulo Módulo discusión Evento Evento discusión 0 3173 679545 666587 2025-06-27T06:13:23Z CommonsDelinker 169 Replacing Parapenteespinar.jpg with [[File:Paraglider_take_off_in_Suykutambo_Peru.jpg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR2|Criterion 2]]). 679545 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="1" align="right" width=290px style="margin-left:1em; background:#458B00; font-size: 95%;" |- bgcolor="#458B00" ! colspan="2" | {| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" |- bgcolor="#458B00" | <font size="+0" color="white">'''Kiskachay pruwinsya <br> <small> Kiskachay jisk'a suyu </small> <br> <small> Provincia de Espinar </small> '''</font> |} |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | colspan="2" style="text-align:center; | [[Rikcha:Kanamarca.jpg|center|290px|]] |-bgcolor="#FFFFFF" |colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:smaller" | [[K'anamarka]], [[Kiskachay distritu]] |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" |- style="color: white; background: #458B00; text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #999" | '''Saywitu''' | style="color: white; border-left:1px solid #999"| '''Wallqanqa''' |- style="background: white" |rowspan=6| [[Rikcha:Location of the province Espinar in Cusco.svg|145px|center|]] |- style="background: white" |style="border-left:1px solid #999"| [[Rikcha:Sin escudo.svg|70px|center|]] |- style="background: #FFFFFF;border-top:1px solid #999; text-align:center;" |style="border-left:1px solid #999"| |- style="background: #458B00; text-align:center;" |style="color: white; border-left:1px solid #999;border-top:1px solid #999"| '''Unancha''' |- style="background: white; border-top:1px solid #999;" |style="border-left:1px solid #999"| [[Rikcha:Sin bandera.svg|100px|center|]] |- style="background: #FFFFFF; border-top:1px solid #999; text-align:center;" |style="border-left:1px solid #999"| |- |- align="center" ! colspan="2" | . |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Mama llaqta]] || [[Rikcha:Flag of Peru.svg|25px]] [[Piruw]] |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Tinkurachina siwi]]kuna || |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Uma llaqta]] || [[Yawri llaqta|Yawri]] |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[:Katiguriya:Suyu (Piruw)|Suyu]] || [[Qusqu suyu]] |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[:Katiguriya:Distritu (Piruw)|Distritu]]kuna || 8 |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Rimay|Simi]]kuna || [[qhichwa simi]] (70,4 %), [[kastilla simi]] |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Runa]]kuna || 62 698 runa (''inei'' 2007). |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Runa ñit'inakuy]] || - |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Hallka k'iti kanchar]] || 5 311,09 km² |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | Hanaq kay || |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | Kamasqa wata || {{Pun|17|11|1917}} |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Kuraka]] || Lolo Arenas Armendáriz<br><small>(2019-2022)</small> |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" |[[Karu rimay tuyru]] || |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Pacha suyu]]|| UTC-5 |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Qhichwa simi]]pi llika tiyanan|| |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Kastilla simi]]pi llika tiyanan||[https://web.archive.org/web/20121128022739/http://www.muniespinar.gob.pe/web2.0/ muniespinar.gob.pe] |- |- align="center" !colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#458B00" style="text-align:center; font-size:larger; | <font color=white>'''Qusqu suyup wamaninkuna''' |- |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" ! colspan="2" align="center" | [[Rikcha:División Politica del Cusco.jpg|290px|]] |- ! colspan="2" | |} [[Rikcha:Plaza de armas de espinar.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Plasa, Espinar]] '''Kiskachay''' ([[aymara simi]]pi: Kiskachay jisk'a suyu; [[kastilla simi]]pi: ''Provincia de Espinar'') nisqaqa [[Piruw]] mama llaqtapi, [[Qusqu suyu]]pi, huk pruwinsyam, [[Qusqu]] llaqtamanta 250 km karu uralan kuntinpi, [[mama qucha]]p hawanmanta 3 800 mitru hanaqmanta 5.000 mitru hanaqkama, 5 311.09 km²-yuq. Uma llaqtanqa [[Yawri llaqta]]m. == Wiñay kawsay == Kamasqa {{Pun|17|11|1917}}. == Allpa saywachi == * '''[[Urqu]]kuna''' * '''[[Mayu]]kuna:''' [[Apurimaq mayu]] - [[Kachimayu]] - [[Q'iru mayu]] * '''[[Qucha]]kuna:''' Chawpiqucha - Chunkara qucha - [[Sutunta qucha]] ([[Uqururu distritu]]pi) - [[Qiwllaqucha]] ([[Pallpata distritu]]pi) - Yanaqucha == Pulitika rakiy == Pusaq distritunmi kan. {| class={{tablabonita}}; style="width:50%;" border="1" |- |- style="background:LemonChiffon; color:black" ! '''Distritu''' ! '''Runakuna&nbsp;(2007)'''&nbsp;<ref name="[http://www.inei.gob.pe]">[https://web.archive.org/web/19970412040139/http://www.inei.gob.pe/ www.inei.gob.pe]</ref> ! '''Uma llaqta''' ! '''Kuraka''' |- | [[Hanan Pichiwa distritu|Hanan Pichiwa]] | align="right"| 2.534 | [[Aqukunka]] | Hugo Huarancca Katata |- | [[Kunturuma distritu|Kunturuma]] | align="right"| 1.208 | [[Kunturuma]] | Bartolomé Cruz Orosco |- | [[K'upuraki distritu (Qusqu)|K'upuraki]] | align="right"| 15.838 | [[K'upuraki (Qusqu)|K'upuraki]] | Fidel Salas |- | [[Pallpata distritu|Pallpata]] | align="right"| 5.270 | [[Hector Tejada llaqta|Hector Tejada]] | Melecio Saico Ccolque |- | [[Pichiwa distritu|Pichiwa]] | align="right"| 3.802 | [[Pichiwa (Kiskachay)|Pichiwa]] | Severiano Chara Labra |- | [[Suyk'utampu distritu|Suyk'utampu]] | align="right"| 2.796 | [[Suyk'utampu]] | Froelan Taype Ala |- | [[Uqururu distritu|Uqururu]] | align="right"| 1.669 | [[Uqururu]] | Adolfo Alfredo Huarza Minauro |- | [[Yawri distritu|Yawri]] | align="right"| 29.581 | [[Yawri llaqta|Yawri]] | Lindley Alfredo Salinas Perez |- |} == Runakuna == *63,195 runakuna (1997). Tukuy runakunap 41.4%-ni chunka pichqayuqmantam aswan pisi watayuq. *[[Uywasqa]]kuna: [[waka]], [[uwiha]], [[llama]] *[[Chakra yura]]kuna: [[papa]], [[kinwa]], [[qañiwa]]. *Umalli [[musiku]]kuna ([[atikay]]): [[qhatuy]], [[qhuya]]kuna ([[Tintaya]]pi) *Kiskachay runakunap 25.4 %-n, chunka pichqayuq icha chaymanta aswan watayuq, manas [[yachay wasi]]manchu risqa, 46.3 %-ntaq [[huch'uy yachay wasi]]man risqas. Warmikunap 39.6 %-n manas ñawiriyta qillqayta atinchu. *Kamachina sirwisyukunaqa pisi-pisillas. Pruwinsyapi pusaqnintin distritumantaqa pichqallapis puriq upyana yaku sirwisyu wasikunapi kachkan. Iskay distritupiqa manas [[pinchikilla]]chu kachkan, tawapitaq wasikunap 26 %-npis pinchikilla kachkanña. === Hanan Warka === Hanan Warka ayllu llaqtaqa ''(Alto Huarca)'' Kañipya mayup lluq'i patanpim, pampa-pampapi, lluq'i patapi [[Q'illu urqu]], [[Saywa urqu]], [[Chuq'i pirwa]] urqukunap kinrayninpi. ==== Kapchiy ==== *[[K'uyu]] [[qata]]kuna *[[P'acha]]kuna *[[Llank'i]]wan kapchiy: [[Pukus]], [[K'apra]] [[Away]]: [[Puchka]], [[Awana]], [[Mismima]], [[Ruk'i]], [[Awarank'u]] [[K'apra]]: [[Challa]], [[Raki]], [[Manka]], [[Mak'as]], [[Phuku]], [[Chatu]]. [[Chakra kamay]]: *[[Kinwa]], [[Siwara]], [[Papa]], [[Awina]], [[Qañiwa]]. *[[Chaki t'aklla]], [[Rawk'ana]], [[Ch'ira]]: [[ayni]]nakunapaq, [[minka]]napaq, [[Wanka]]: [[tarpuy|tarpunapaq]], [[Qhachwa]]y: [[aymuray|aymuranapaq]], *'''Uywasqakuna''': [[Waka]] (Churu) - [[Kawallu]] - [[Uwiha]] - [[Pisqu]] kurral - [[Llama]] *'''Sallqakuna''': [[Antikuna atuq|Atuq]] - [[Trucha]] - [[Kuntur]] - [[Añas]] - [[Wisk'acha]] - [[Anka]] - [[Taruka]] - [[Luwichu]] - [[Wallata]] - [[Wik'uña]] - [[Ch'usiq]] === Tintaya Markiri === Tintaya Markiri runa llaqta ''(Comunidad campesina de Tintaya Marquiri)''. ==== Kawsay ==== Kapchiy, away: *[[Llank'i]], [[k'apra]]paq: [[Urpu]], [[P'uku]], [[P'uyñu]]. *[[Uwiha]] [[millma]] kaykunapaq: [[Punchu]], [[Kustal]], [[Qata]], [[Q'iswa]], [[Challina]], [[K'uyu]] Chakra kamay, michiy: *'''Uywasqakuna''': [[Waka]], [[Kawallu]], [[Uwiha]], [[Llama]], [[Kawallu]], [[Mula]],'' *'''Sallqakuna''': [[Wik'uña]], [[Chupasapa achuqalla|Achuqalla]], [[Kiwis]], [[Añas]], [[Antikuna atuq|Atuq]], [[Usqullu]], [[Wisk'acha]], [[Taruka]]. *'''K'ita yurakuna''': [[Papa]], [[Kinwa]], [[Awina]], [[Siwara]], [[Qañiwa]] === Hanan Wankani === Hanan Wankani ayllu llaqta ''(Comunidad campesina de Alto Huancane)'' ==== Kawsay ==== Kapchiy, raqch'i: *Kapchiy: [[Puchka]], [[Mismima]], [[Awana]], [[Ruk'i]], [[Awarank'u]]. *Raqch'i: [[Challa]], [[Raki]], [[Manka]], [[Mak'as]], [[Phuku]], [[Chatu]] Chakra kamay, michiy: *'''[[Papa]]kuna''': [[q'apu]], [[q'anchillu]], [[waña]], [[watakachi]], [[qaqari]], [[p'itikiñu]]. *'''[[Riwi]]kuna''': [[qañiwa]], [[puquya]], [[chillawa]], [[chuqllu]], [[q'illupalla]]. *[[Kinwa]], [[qitu]], [[puquya]] *'''[[Chakra llamk'ana]]kuna''': [[Chaki t'aklla]], [[Rawk'ana]], [[Chira]], rumi [[maru]], [[yugu]], [[arma]]. *'''[[Chakra llamk'ay]]''': ** [[Chakmay]]: [[ayni]], [[minka]]; **[[Tarpuy]]: [[sullu tinkay]] (kimsa [[akulli]]) [[chicha]] **[[Hallmay]], [[kasarakuy]] **[[Aspiy]]: [[aysanakuy]], [[wanllay]], [[qhachwa]]y, [[aymuray]] *'''[[Uywasqa]]kuna''': [[Waka]] - [[Llama]] - [[Alpaqa]] - [[Asnu]] - [[Kawallu]] - [[Mula]]. *'''Sallqakuna''': [[Wik'uña]], [[Alqamari]], [[Such'i]], [[Taruka]], [[Liqi]], [[Trucha]], [[Kuntur]], [[Qaqi]], [[Lawrinku]], [[Suwik'ara]], [[Chiwayru]], [[Antikuna atuq|Atuq]], [[Chiqla]], [[Qalaywa]], [[Añas]], [[Pariwana]], [[Machaywa]], [[Puku]], [[Waychu]] (hachu qalla), [[P'isaqa]], [[K'ayra]] ([[huq'ullu]]wan), [[Quwi]], [[Huku]], [[Pikaytu]], [[Piki]], [[Challwa]] === P'achallina === [[Rikcha:Danza de espinar.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Pichiwamanta tusuymi]] [[K'uyu]] [[p'achallina]]kuna: [[Warmi]]kuna: #K'uyu [[kutuma]] #K'uyu [[chamarra]], achalawan #[[Phalika]], achalawan #[[Pullira]], ima llimphiyuqpas, achalawan #[[Usut'a]], llama qaramanta rurasqa #[[Q'ipirina]], [[uwiha]] [[millma]]manta [[awa]]sqa #K'uyu [[lliklla]], samanapaq: ##K'uyu [[karpa]] ##K'uyu qata, achalawan ##Uwiha qara ##Lima palyu (kuchachu) [[Qhari]]kuna: #K'uyu, [[ichhu]] [[muntira]] #[[K'umpu]] (luq'u, sumriru), [[uwiha]] [[millma]]manta [[awa]]sqa #Millma [[punchu]] #[[Kusma]] (kutuna, kamisa), [[uwiha]] [[millma]]manta [[awa]]sqa #K'uyu wara (pantalun) #K'uyu [[chamarra]], [[anilina]]wan [[anqas]]wan [[tullpu]]sqa #[[Usut'a]], llama qaramanta rurasqa (suqu) == Simikuna == Pruwinsyapiqa aswanta [[qhichwa simi]]tam rimanku. {|class={{tablabonita}} border="1" style="width:40%;" border="1" |-bgcolor=#EFEFEF ! '''Distritu''' ! '''Kastilla simita rimaqkuna''' <small> /1 </small> ! '''%''' ! '''Indihina simita rimaqkuna''' <small> /1, /2 </small> ! '''%''' |- | [[Hanan Pichiwa distritu|Hanan Pichiwa]] |align="right" |169 |align="right" |7.5 |align="right" |2,083 |align="right" |92.3 |- | [[Kunturuma distritu|Kunturuma]] |align="right" |137 |align="right" |12.6 |align="right" |950 |align="right" |87.2 |- | [[Pallpata distritu|Pallpata]] |align="right" |1,340 |align="right" |28.4 |align="right" |3,374 |align="right" |71.5 |- | [[Pichiwa distritu|Pichiwa]] |align="right" |433 |align="right" |12.5 |align="right" |3,021 |align="right" |87.4 |- | [[K'upuraki distritu (Qusqu)|K'upuraki]] |align="right" |801 |align="right" |5.8 |align="right" |13,002 |align="right" |94.1 |- | [[Suyk'utampu distritu|Suyk'utampu]] |align="right" |181 |align="right" |7.3 |align="right" |2,296 |align="right" |92.3 |- | [[Uqururu distritu|Uqururu]] |align="right" |264 |align="right" |17.5 |align="right" |1,245 |align="right" |82.5 |- | [[Yawri distritu|Yawri]] |align="right" |13,132 |align="right" |49.7 |align="right" |13,277 |align="right" |50.2 |- | Llapan |align="right" |16,457 |align="right" |29.5 |align="right" |39,248 |align="right" |70.4 |- |} <small> /1 Rimaqkuna: 5 / 5+ wata </small> <small> /2 Indihina simi: [[qhichwa simi]], [[aymara simi]], [[ashaninka simi]] icha huk indihina simi (mana hawa simi)</small> <small> Pukyu: <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/19970412040139/http://www.inei.gob.pe/ www.inei.gob.pe/ (2007)]</ref> </small> == Iñiy == * [[Kristiyanu iñiy]] == Raymikuna == *Qhapaqkuna ''(Reyes)'', (6-I) (Yawri distritu) *Santa Cruz, (3-V) (Yawri distritu) *Tusuy [[Tupay]], ([[karnawal]] mit'api) (Yawri distritu) *[[Sunqunakuy]], ([[tarpuy]]wan [[aymuray]] mit'api) (Yawri distritu) *Pichiwanu chaku ''(Rodeo pichiguano)'' (Yawri distritu) == Karu puriy == [[Rikcha:Paraglider take off in Suykutambo Peru.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Suyk'utampu llaqtapi]] === Hanan Warka === *[[Hutu mach'ay]] ''(Grutas de Juto)'', 180 m suni, chaynintaqa [[Hutu mayu]] purinmi. Mach'aypiqa chinkanakunam, qullqakunam, rampakunam, pukyukunapas. *[[San Inlisya]] [[phaqcha]]wan, huk [[inlisya]] hina [[qaqa]], 15 m altu phaqchap kinrayninpi. *[[Chuq'i pirwa]] [[Chuq'i sayana]]wan, 200 m hatun qaqakuna, qhawana hina llamk'achisqa. === K'upuraki distritu === *K'upuraki - [[Qusqu]]: 269 km. *3900 m.s.n.m. *K'upuraki inlisya === Yawri distritu === *[[Yawri llaqta|Yawri]] - [[Qusqu]]: 241 km **2,927 m.s.n.m. **Yawrip [[inlisya]]n *[[K'anamarka]] - [[Qusqu]]: 236 km **3,942 m.s.n.m. **[[Tawantinsuyu]] pachamanta wasikuna == Pruwinsyapi paqarisqa == *[[Ch'aska Anka Ninawaman]] == Kaypipas qhaway == * [[Tintaya]] * [[K'ana runa]] * [[Qusqu]] == Willay pukyukuna == <references/> == Hawa t'inkikuna == * [http://media.peru.info/mapas/cusco.jpg Saywitu: Qusqu suyu] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070312084716/http://www.infocusco.com/modules/news/article.php?storyid=65 Kiskachay] (kastilla simi) '''[[Tintaya]]''': *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070121173608/http://www.grupochorlavi.org/gobernanzaambiental/Completos/KURAKA.pdf Gobernanza ambiental y territorial en comunidades afectadas por la explotación minera: La experiencia de las comunidades campesinas de la provincia de Espinar. Perú] {{Qusqu suyu}} {{Suyukuna (Piruw)}} [[Katiguriya:Pruwinsya (Piruw)]] [[Katiguriya:Pruwinsya (Qusqu suyu)]] [[Katiguriya:Kiskachay pruwinsya| ]] 1hhyw8d0sk1u5skg9ij0fwed7k9qzb5 0 20545 679546 669248 2025-06-27T06:13:34Z CommonsDelinker 169 Replacing Parapenteespinar.jpg with [[File:Paraglider_take_off_in_Suykutambo_Peru.jpg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR2|Criterion 2]]). 679546 wikitext text/x-wiki {| border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="1" align="right" width=290px style="margin-left:1em; background:#698B22; font-size: 95%;" |- bgcolor="#698B22" ! colspan="2" | {| border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" |- bgcolor="#698B22" | <font size="+0" color="white">'''Suyk'utampu distritu <br> <small> Distrito de Suyckutambo </small> '''</font> |} |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | colspan="2" style="text-align:center; | [[Rikcha:Kanamarca.jpg|center|290px|]] |-bgcolor="#FFFFFF" |colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:smaller" | [[K'anamarka]], Espinar |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" |- style="color: white; background: #698B22; text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #999" | '''Espinar pruwinsya''' | style="color: white; border-left:1px solid #999"| '''Wallqanqa''' |- style="background: white" |rowspan=6| [[Rikcha:Location of the province Espinar in Cusco.svg|145px|center|]] |- style="background: white" |style="border-left:1px solid #999"| [[Rikcha:Sin escudo.svg|70px|center|]] |- style="background: #FFFFFF;border-top:1px solid #999; text-align:center;" |style="border-left:1px solid #999"| |- style="background: #698B22; text-align:center;" |style="color: white; border-left:1px solid #999;border-top:1px solid #999"| '''Unancha''' |- style="background: white; border-top:1px solid #999;" |style="border-left:1px solid #999"| [[Rikcha:Sin bandera.svg|100px|center|]] |- style="background: #FFFFFF; border-top:1px solid #999; text-align:center;" |style="border-left:1px solid #999"| |- |- align="center" ! colspan="2" | . |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Mama llaqta]] || [[Rikcha:Flag of Peru.svg|border|25px]] [[Piruw]] |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Tinkurachina siwi]]kuna || |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Uma llaqta]] || [[Suyk'utampu]] |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[:Katiguriya:Suyu (Piruw)|Suyu]] || [[Qusqu suyu]] |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[:Katiguriya:Pruwinsya (Piruw)|Pruwinsya]] || [[Kiskachay pruwinsya]] |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Runa]]kuna || 2.796 ''<small>(''inei'' 2007)</small>'' |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Runa ñit'inakuy]]|| 4,9 runa / km² ''<small>()</small>'' |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Hallka k'iti kanchar]] || 652,13 km² |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | Hanaq kay || 4.801 m (uma llaqta) |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | Kamasqa wata || {{pun|17|3|1961}} |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Kuraka]] || Froelan Taype Ala |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Karu rimay yupay]] || |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Pacha suyu]]|| UTC-5 |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Qhichwa simi]]pi llika tiyanan||[www.] |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | [[Kastilla simi]]pi llika tiyanan||[www.] |- |- align="center" !colspan="2" | |} '''Suyk'utampu distritu''' ([[kastilla simi]]pi: ''Distrito de Suyckutambo '') nisqaqa [[Piruw]] mama llaqtapi huk distritum, [[Kiskachay pruwinsya]]pi, [[Qusqu suyu]]pi. Uma llaqtanqa [[Suyk'utampu]] llaqtam. == Allpa saywachi == * [[Urqu]]kuna: * [[Qucha]]kuna: * [[Mayu]]kuna: == Runakuna == Suyk'utampu distritupi aswanta [[Qhichwa runa]]kunam tiyanku. == Simikuna == Distritupiqa aswanta [[qhichwa simi]]tam rimanku. {|class={{tablabonita}} border="1" style="width:35%;" border="1" |-bgcolor=#EFEFEF ! '''Distritu / Pruwinsya''' ! '''Kastilla simita rimaqkuna''' <small> /1 </small> ! '''%''' ! '''Indihina simita rimaqkuna''' <small> /1, /2 </small> ! '''%''' |- | Suyk'utampu distritu |align="right" |181 |align="right" |7.3 |align="right" |2,296 |align="right" |92.3 |- | Kiskachay pruwinsya |align="right" |16,457 |align="right" |29.5 |align="right" |39,248 |align="right" |70.4 |- |} <small> /1 Rimaqkuna: 5 / 5+ wata </small> <small> /2 Indihina simi: [[qhichwa simi]], [[aymara simi]], [[ashaninka simi]] icha huk indihina simi (mana hawa simi)</small> <small> Pukyu: <ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/19970412040139/http://www.inei.gob.pe/ www.inei.gob.pe/ (2007)]</ref> </small> == Rikchakuna == <gallery> Rikcha:Paraglider take off in Suykutambo Peru.jpg|Suyk'utampu distritupi </gallery> == Distritupi paqarisqa == == Kaypipas qhaway == * [[Ch'aska Anka Ninawaman]] * [[K'anamarka]] * [[Oscar Mollohuanca]] * [[Tintaya]] == Pukyukuna == <references/> * [https://web.archive.org/web/19970412040139/http://www.inei.gob.pe/ Piruwpi pruwinsyakuna distritukunapas: Yupaykuna (INEI)] == Hawa t'inkikuna == * [http://media.peru.info/mapas/cusco.jpg Saywitu: Qusqu suyu] {{Qusqu suyu}} {{Suyukuna (Piruw)}} [[Katiguriya:Kiskachay pruwinsya]] [[Katiguriya:Distritu (Qusqu suyu)]] awlxl60lk6pemuhi8qcbzsi0t7c1rww 0 30159 679530 662896 2025-06-27T01:42:31Z InternetArchiveBot 25132 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 679530 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Pulitiku runa | nombre=Hussein I<br /><small>حسين بن طلال</small> | imagen= Hussein of Jordan 1997.jpg | cargo= '''[[Hurdanya Qhapaq]]''' | inicio=[[11 ñiqin chakra yapuy killapi]] - [[1952]] | final=[[7 ñiqin hatun puquy killapi]] - [[1999]] | predecesor= [[Talal I]] | sucesor=[[Abdullah I]] | fechanac=[[14 &ntilde;iqin ayamarq'a killapi]] [[1935]] watapi | lugarnac=[[Amman]], [[Hurdanya]] | fechamuerte= [[7 &ntilde;iqin hatun puquy killapi]] [[1999]] watapi (63) | lugarmuerte=[[Amman]], [[Hurdanya]] | cónyuge= Sharifa Dina <br /> Antoinette Avril Gardiner <br /> Alia Baha ed din Toukan <br /> Lisa Halaby | partido=[[Hashemita]] | vicepresidente= | firma= | religión= [[Muslim]] | almamáter= | profesión= |}} '''Hussein bin Talal''', Hurdanya Qhapaq, [[arabya simi]]pi: حسين بن طلالḤusayn bin Ṭalāl: , (*[[14 ñiqin ayamarq'a killapi]] [[1937]] paqarisqa [[Amman]] llaqtapi - [[7 &ntilde;iqin hatun puquy killapi]] [[1999]] watapi wañusqa Amman llaqtapi). Hurdanya pulitiku wan Qhapaq. [[1952]] watamanta ñawpaq kuti [[Hurdanya]]pa [[Qhapaq]]nin karqan. Tayta: Talal bin Abdullah; Mama: Zein al Sharaf Talal <br /> Warmikuna: Sharifa Dina <br /> Antoinette Avril Gardiner <br /> Alia Baha ed din Toukan <br /> Lisa Halaby <br />Wawakuna: 11 (Princess Alia, Qhapaq Abdullah II Prince Faisal, Princess Aisha, Princess Zein, Princess Haya Prince Ali, Prince Hamzah, Prince Hashim, Princess Iman wan Princess Raiyah) Yachaywasi: Victoria College ([[Alexandria]]) [[Rikcha:President Carter with king Hussein of Jordan 1977.jpg|thumb|right|Hussein I wan Jimmy Carter]] == Kaypipas qhaway == * [[Hurdanya]] == Hawa t'inkikuna == {{commons|Hussein I of Jordan}} === [[Inlish simi]] === * [http://www.wargs.com/royal/muna.html Ancestry of Antoinette Avril Gardiner (b. 1941)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20021204003933/http://members.aol.com/eurostamm/halaby.html Some ancestors of Lisa Halaby, Queen Noor of Jordan] * [http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/1114.html Obituary, NY Times, February 8, 1999 ''Death of a King; Cautious King Took Risks In Straddling Two Worlds''] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230820082449/http://www.kinghussein.gov.jo/ A Living Tribute to the Legacy of King Hussein I] - official Royal Jordanian memorial website * [http://www.ece.ualberta.ca/~hnosair/ Slide Show] - Personal Tribute Page {| {{tablabonita}} align="center" border="1" width=100% |- |width="30%" align="center"|Precedido por:<br />'''[[Talal I]]''' |width="30%" align="center"| '''[[Hurdanya Qhapaq]]'''<br /> <br /> 1952 - 1999 |width="30%" align="center"|Sucedido por:<br />'''[[Abdullah II]]''' |- |} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hussein I}} [[Katiguriya:Paqarisqa 1935]] [[Katiguriya:Wañusqa 1999]] [[Katiguriya:Qhapaq (Hurdanya)]] [[Katiguriya:Pulitiku (Hurdanya)]] [[Katiguriya:Qhari]] 3vlz4sk6ypy0bh0tmiws4xq6r6yep68 0 47784 679537 415140 2025-06-27T05:21:49Z InternetArchiveBot 25132 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 679537 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Niyta munan|Rumi challwa}} * ''Plagioscion squamosissimus'' (Sciaenidae),<ref>http://www.ibcperu.org/doc/isis/5447.pdf p. 167.</ref> qhaway '''[[Rumi challwa]]''' * genus ''Pachypops'' (Sciaenidae),<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160305011120/http://fm2.fieldmuseum.org/rbi/pdfs/gueppi_app.pdf p. 306.</ref> qhaway '''[[Rakhuñawi]]''' * ''Salminus affinis'' (Characidae), qhaway '''[[Kurwina]]''' {{Sut'ichana qillqa}} == Simimanta pukyukuna == <references /> 3qbubevbljpc2u1tk2g7cyz4giy0ckc 0 48177 679529 629564 2025-06-26T21:47:25Z InternetArchiveBot 25132 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 679529 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | color = pink | name = K'ichkimat'i pawkar | image = Psarocolius angustifrons -Aragua State -Venezuela-8b.jpg | image_caption = ''Psarocolius angustifrons oleagineus''<br>[[Henri Pittier National Park]], Venezuela | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | regnum = [[Animalia]] | phylum = [[Chordata]] | classis = [[Aves]] | ordo = [[Passeriformes]] | familia = [[Icteridae]] | genus = ''[[Psarocolius]]'' | species = '''''P. angustifrons''''' | binomial = ''Psarocolius angustifrons'' | binomial_authority = ([[Johann Baptist von Spix|Spix]], 1824) | synonyms = | range_map = Psarocolius angustifrons map.svg | range_map_width = 200px | range_map_caption = Maypim k'ichkimat'i pawkar kawsan (q'umir) }} '''Wata manku''',<ref>{{Ref Cueva|55|Huatamangu: Psarocolius angustifrons}}</ref> '''Mukutulum''',<ref>{{Ref Andoa|25 [20]|Mucutulum: Psarocolius angustifrons}}</ref> '''Kukupakchu'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160304132651/http://www.gits.ws/08cyd/pdfs/ANEJO%2011_IAMir.pdf Recuperación paisajística y estudio de inundabilidad del sistema hídrico a su paso por Tena, 3.2 La fauna y la flora] Nombre común: Cucupagcho: ''Psarocolius angustifrons''</ref> icha '''K'ichkimat'i pawkar''' ''(Psarocolius angustifrons)'' nisqaqa huk [[takiq pisqu|takiq]] [[pisqu]]m, [[Urin Awya Yala]]pi, [[Antikuna]]p antinpi [[Rupa-Rupa]] nisqa [[sach'a-sach'a]]kunapi kawsaq [[pawkar]]mi. == Pukyukuna == <references /> == Hawa t'inkikuna == {{commonscat|Psarocolius angustifrons}} {{wikispecies|Psarocolius angustifrons}} [[Katiguriya:Pisqu]] [[Katiguriya:Fauna (Rupa-Rupa)]] h9xfgp5q2f79ttaky5joxfydxdo01ix 0 49096 679531 488411 2025-06-27T01:58:49Z InternetArchiveBot 25132 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 679531 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Taxobox | color = lightgreen | name = Inka kutu-kutu | image = | regnum = [[Plantae]] | divisio = [[Pteridophyta]] | classis = [[Filicopsida]] | ordo = [[Pteridales]] | familia = [[Pteridaceae]] | genus = ''[[Notholaena]]'' | species = '''''N. nivea''''' | binomial = ''Notholaena nivea'' | binomial_authority = ([[Poir.]]) [[Desv.]] }} '''Inka kutu-kutu'''<ref>{{Ref Girault}}</ref> icha '''Kuti-kuti'''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101214135214/http://fm2.fieldmuseum.org/plantguides/guide_pdfs/123%20Medicinal%20Plants-Peru.pdf Hamilton Beltrán & Mário Benavente: Guía Práctica, plantas medicinales del Perú. Museo de Historia Natural, (UNSM), Lima.] ''Cuti cuti: PTERIDOPHYTA, Notholaena nivea''</ref> (''Notholaena nivea'') nisqaqa [[Urin Awya Yala]]pi wiñaq [[raki-raki]]m, rikch'aq [[kutu-kutu]]m, [[hampi yura]]m. [[Misk'i unquy]]tam hampinku.<ref>[http://www.alphanatura.com/exportproduct/ENG/np3-08-1.html Alpha Natura SAC: NATURA DiABETiC SUPPORT] (inlish simipi)</ref> == Pukyukuna == <references /> == Hawa t'inkikuna == {{commonscat|Pteridaceae|Kutu-kutu}} [[Katiguriya:Hampi yura]] [[Katiguriya:Kutu-kutu yura rikch'aq ayllu]] lzbmjq21iz24c3hm9q0dtrrv5y07cum 0 51086 679539 632932 2025-06-27T05:29:01Z InternetArchiveBot 25132 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 679539 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Rikcha:San Jose in Uruguay.svg|thumb|300px|San José suyu saywitu (Uruwayi)]] '''San José suyu''' ([[kastilla simi]]pi: ''Departamento de San José''), nisqaqa huk suyum [[Uruwayi]] mama llaqtapi. [[Uma llaqta]]nqa [[San José Mayo]] mi. 4 992 km² == Wiñay kawsay == Kamasqa {{Pun|27|01|1816}} == Waki == === Runakuna === 103 104 runakuna == Pulitika rakiy == === Munisipyukuna === 2 munisipyukuna: * [[Ciudad del Plata]] * [[Libertad (Uruwayi)|Libertad]] === Llaqtakuna === * [[San José Mayo]] * [[Libertad (Uruwayi)|Libertad]] * [[Libertad llaqta|Libertad]] == Pukyumantakuna == {{Listaref}} == Kaypipas qhaway == * [[Pulitika rakiy (Uruwayi)]] == Hawa t'inkikuna == {{commonscat|San José Department}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061208165103/http://www.imsj.gub.uy/mapas2.htm Web site San gosé lto suyu]. {{Suyukuna (Uruwayi)}} [[Category:Suyu (Uruwayi)]] [[Category:San José suyu|!]] 9v6isvslf8bx3a9b0k0k7265ub8kxwz 2 64111 679532 679436 2025-06-27T02:34:18Z Jorgelhq 32599 Añadi imagen 679532 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Rikcha:Milk Snake-TSF 0024.jpg|rikchacha|Amaru]] '''Amaru''', [[Suchuq|panpanta aysakuq uywakuna]]. Paykunaqa Squamata nisqa [[Rikch'aq ñiqi|kamachiypaq]] hukninmi. Aycha [[Aycha mikhuq|mikhuqmi]], suni k'iti tuquruyuqtaq, mana [[Chanka|chakiyuq]] . 20 [[Rikch'aq ayllu|ayllullapas]], yaqa 500 [[Rikch'ana|masiyuq]] 3.400 [[rikch'aq]] amarupas. == Wasin == Yaqa llapan amarupaq [[Rikch'aq|rikch'aqninkunaqa]] q'uñi suyukunapim kawsanku. Pisilla kawsanku Trópico de Cáncer utaq Tropico de Capricornio nisqamanta hawapi . Huk rikch'aqllam, común [[Katari|mach'aqway]] ( ''Vipera berus'' ), Muyu Ártico nisqap hawanpi kawsan. Yaqa llapan amarukuna pampapi kawsanku, sach'akunapipas. Wakintaq unupi tiyanku, wakintaq [[Allpa|hallp'a]] ukhupi tiyanku . Huk panpanta aysakuq uywakuna hina, amarukunaqa ectoterma nisqakunam . Paykunaqa tuqurunpaq q'uñiyninta <s>controlar</s> intiq k’anchayninwan haykuspa lluqsispa ima. Chayraykun chiri chiqankunapiqa pisilla tiyanku. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Snake facts|url=http://www.antiguanracer.org/html/racer/snakef.htm|work=antiguanracer.org|accessdate=4 May 2010}}</ref> == Mikhuynin == Llapan mach’aqwaykunaqa aycha mikhuqmi kanku; huk [[Uywa|uywakunatapas]] mikhunku. Wakinqa miyuyuqmi ; Paykunaqa kirun t'uqukunapi waqaychanku miyunkuta. Huk amarukunaqa siq'ukuqmi. Kayunaqa manam miyuyuqchu, chaymi hap'isqankuta siq'uspa wañuchinku. Llapan amarukunan [[Mikhuna|mikhunankuta]] <s>intirunta</s> millp’unku, manataqmi khachuyta atinkuchu. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.snakefacts.net/|title=Snake facts - information on snakes|work=snakefacts.net|accessdate=4 May 2010}}</ref> == Puriynin == Amarukunaqa mana makiyuq, mana chakiyuq ima, hinaspawanpis paykunaqa atinku puriyta. Paykunaqa imaymana kuyuykunata yachaqanku, sapan chiqanpi kawsayta atipankupaq. Sapa amaruq kuyuynin wakmi hukkunamanta. <ref name="Gray">{{Cite journal|last=Gray|first=J.|title=The mechanism of locomotion in snakes|journal=Journal of Experimental Biology|year=1946|volume=23|issue=2|pages=101–120|doi=10.1242/jeb.23.2.101|pmid=20281580}}</ref> 5enj6e4tcjuxcfgn774go8irra4rz48 2 64126 679540 679528 2025-06-27T06:02:47Z Jorgelhq 32599 Creado al traducir la página «[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1294767183|Frog]]» 679540 wikitext text/x-wiki K'ayra nisqa uywaqa huqllan hatun hallp'antin ununtin kawsaq uywakuna ayllumanta, paykunaq kamachiyninqa '''[[Anura]]'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura|title=Anura|last=Frost|first=Darrel R.|date=2021|orig-date=1998|website=Amphibian Species of the World|publisher=American Museum of Natural History|access-date=November 29, 2022|quote=}}</ref> nisqa. Phatu qarayuq kaqkunaqa hamp'atu nisqa sutichanku, aswanpis t'aqayninkuqa nisqalla hawanrayku, mana huk uywa kaqtinchu. K'ayrakunaqa pasaq ch'ikisqa kashanku, yunkamanta, yaqa qasasqa hallp'akama, aswanpis ashwan hatun huñukuynin kashan sach'a sach'a yunkapi. Kuraq k'ayrakunaqa sinchi kurkuyuqmi, lluqsisqa [[Ñawi|ñawiyuq]], [[Qallu|qalluyuntaq]] ñawpaqman k'ashkasqa, uranpi k'uyusqa chakiyuq, mana [[Chupa|chupayuq]]. K'ayrakunaq qaranqa [[Ch'añan|ch'añanniyuqmi]], anchaymanta millay unukuna lluqsimun wakin miyuq, wakintaq millaylla. Qaranpaq llimphinqa hukniraymi, allin pakakunanpaq, kay llinphikunaqa kanman ch’iqchi, ch'umpi, oqe, q'umir ima, k’anchariq puka utaq q’illo, yana ima, chaywanmi miyunpaq wañuchiyninta rikuchinku, hap'ikuq uywakunatapas qarqunku. Kuraq k'ayrakunaqa mishk'i unupipas ch'aki hallp'apipas kawsanku; wakin rikch'aqkunaqa hallp'a ukhupi utaq sach'akunapi kawsanankupaqmi allinchasqa kanku. [[Rikcha:Bombina_bombina_1_(Marek_Szczepanek)_tight_crop.jpg|wak=Dark-coloured toad facing left|lluqi|rikchacha| Iwrupamanta nina wiksayuq sapo ( ''Bombina&nbsp;bombina'' ) .]] === Chakinkuna === K'ayraq chaki ruwayninqa tiyasqanwanmi tupan. Tukuy rikch'aqninkuna, h'allpapi, unupi, sach'akunapi, utaq t'uqyakunapi kawsaptinpas hukniraymi. K'ayrakunaqa usqhayllan muyuriqninkupi puriyta atinanku, chayhina kanan imaraykuchus usqhayta hap'iq uywakunamanta aykiyta atinanku, ashkha amañarinninkuna kan. Yaqa llapan K'ayrakuna allin p'itaq kanku. i [[Rikcha:Dendropsophus_microcephalus_-_calling_male_(Cope,_1886).jpg|rikchacha| Huk qhari ''Dendropsophus microcephalus'' waqyakuyninpi vocal saconta rikuchiq]] === Miray === Iskaymi k'ayraq mirayninqa, unay miraynin, chullamanta mirayninpas. Kuraq K'ayrakunaqa huq quchapi, utaq mayupi huq kuti sapa wata huñunakunku miranankupaq.<ref>{{cite book|title=A Natural History of Amphibians|last1=Stebbins|first1=Robert C.|author-link1=Robert C. Stebbins|last2=Cohen|first2=Nathan W.|year=1995|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-03281-8|pages=154–162}}</ref> fi89w3ovfgrnr027gyhtbsc6e2m7ywc 679541 679540 2025-06-27T06:03:34Z Jorgelhq 32599 679541 wikitext text/x-wiki K'ayra nisqa uywaqa huqllan hatun hallp'antin ununtin kawsaq uywakuna ayllumanta, paykunaq kamachiyninqa '''[[Anura]]'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura|title=Anura|last=Frost|first=Darrel R.|date=2021|orig-date=1998|website=Amphibian Species of the World|publisher=American Museum of Natural History|access-date=November 29, 2022|quote=}}</ref> nisqa. Phatu qarayuq kaqkunaqa hamp'atu nisqa sutichanku, aswanpis t'aqayninkuqa nisqalla hawanrayku, mana huk uywa kaqtinchu. K'ayrakunaqa pasaq ch'ikisqa kashanku, yunkamanta, yaqa qasasqa hallp'akama, aswanpis ashwan hatun huñukuynin kashan sach'a sach'a yunkapi. Kuraq k'ayrakunaqa sinchi kurkuyuqmi, lluqsisqa [[Ñawi|ñawiyuq]], [[Qallu|qalluyuntaq]] ñawpaqman k'ashkasqa, uranpi k'uyusqa chakiyuq, mana [[Chupa|chupayuq]]. K'ayrakunaq qaranqa [[Ch'añan|ch'añanniyuqmi]], anchaymanta millay unukuna lluqsimun wakin miyuq, wakintaq millaylla. Qaranpaq llimphinqa hukniraymi, allin pakakunanpaq, kay llinphikunaqa kanman ch’iqchi, ch'umpi, oqe, q'umir ima, k’anchariq puka utaq q’illo, yana ima, chaywanmi miyunpaq wañuchiyninta rikuchinku, hap'ikuq uywakunatapas qarqunku. Kuraq k'ayrakunaqa mishk'i unupipas ch'aki hallp'apipas kawsanku; wakin rikch'aqkunaqa hallp'a ukhupi utaq sach'akunapi kawsanankupaqmi allinchasqa kanku. [[Rikcha:Bombina_bombina_1_(Marek_Szczepanek)_tight_crop.jpg|wak=Dark-coloured toad facing left|lluqi|rikchacha| Iwrupamanta nina wiksayuq sapo ( ''Bombina&nbsp;bombina'' ) .]] === Chakinkuna === K'ayraq chaki ruwayninqa tiyasqanwanmi tupan. Tukuy rikch'aqninkuna, h'allpapi, unupi, sach'akunapi, utaq t'uqyakunapi kawsaptinpas hukniraymi. K'ayrakunaqa usqhayllan muyuriqninkupi puriyta atinanku, chayhina kanan imaraykuchus usqhayta hap'iq uywakunamanta aykiyta atinanku, ashkha amañarinninkuna kan. Yaqa llapan K'ayrakuna allin p'itaq kanku. i [[Rikcha:Dendropsophus_microcephalus_-_calling_male_(Cope,_1886).jpg|rikchacha| Huk qhari ''Dendropsophus microcephalus'' waqyakuyninpi vocal saconta rikuchiq]] === Miray === Iskaymi k'ayraq mirayninqa, unay miraynin, chullamanta mirayninpas. Kuraq K'ayrakunaqa huq quchapi, utaq mayupi huq kuti sapa wata huñunakunku miranankupaq.<ref>{{cite book|title=A Natural History of Amphibians|last1=Stebbins|first1=Robert C.|author-link1=Robert C. Stebbins|last2=Cohen|first2=Nathan W.|year=1995|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-03281-8|pages=154–162}}</ref> jtvp9mqdxvt6k1karrvol5j051qctst 679542 679541 2025-06-27T06:03:44Z Jorgelhq 32599 679542 wikitext text/x-wiki K'ayra nisqa uywaqa huqllan hatun hallp'antin ununtin kawsaq uywakuna ayllumanta, paykunaq kamachiyninqa '''[[Anura]]'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura|title=Anura|last=Frost|first=Darrel R.|date=2021|orig-date=1998|website=Amphibian Species of the World|publisher=American Museum of Natural History|access-date=November 29, 2022|quote=}}</ref> nisqa. Phatu qarayuq kaqkunaqa hamp'atu nisqa sutichanku, aswanpis t'aqayninkuqa nisqalla hawanrayku, mana huk uywa kaqtinchu. K'ayrakunaqa pasaq ch'ikisqa kashanku, yunkamanta, yaqa qasasqa hallp'akama, aswanpis ashwan hatun huñukuynin kashan sach'a sach'a yunkapi. Kuraq k'ayrakunaqa sinchi kurkuyuqmi, lluqsisqa [[Ñawi|ñawiyuq]], [[Qallu|qalluyuntaq]] ñawpaqman k'ashkasqa, uranpi k'uyusqa chakiyuq, mana [[Chupa|chupayuq]]. K'ayrakunaq qaranqa [[Ch'añan|ch'añanniyuqmi]], anchaymanta millay unukuna lluqsimun wakin miyuq, wakintaq millaylla. Qaranpaq llimphinqa hukniraymi, allin pakakunanpaq, kay llinphikunaqa kanman ch’iqchi, ch'umpi, oqe, q'umir ima, k’anchariq puka utaq q’illo, yana ima, chaywanmi miyunpaq wañuchiyninta rikuchinku, hap'ikuq uywakunatapas qarqunku. Kuraq k'ayrakunaqa mishk'i unupipas ch'aki hallp'apipas kawsanku; wakin rikch'aqkunaqa hallp'a ukhupi utaq sach'akunapi kawsanankupaqmi allinchasqa kanku. [[Rikcha:Bombina_bombina_1_(Marek_Szczepanek)_tight_crop.jpg|wak=Dark-coloured toad facing left|lluqi|rikchacha| Iwrupamanta nina wiksayuq sapo ( ''Bombina&nbsp;bombina'' ) .]] === Chakinkuna === K'ayraq chaki ruwayninqa tiyasqanwanmi tupan. Tukuy rikch'aqninkuna, h'allpapi, unupi, sach'akunapi, utaq t'uqyakunapi kawsaptinpas hukniraymi. K'ayrakunaqa usqhayllan muyuriqninkupi puriyta atinanku, chayhina kanan imaraykuchus usqhayta hap'iq uywakunamanta aykiyta atinanku, ashkha amañarinninkuna kan. Yaqa llapan K'ayrakuna allin p'itaq kanku. i [[Rikcha:Dendropsophus_microcephalus_-_calling_male_(Cope,_1886).jpg|rikchacha| Huk qhari ''Dendropsophus microcephalus'' waqyakuyninpi vocal saconta rikuchiq]] === Miray === Iskaymi k'ayraq mirayninqa, unay miraynin, chullamanta mirayninpas. Kuraq K'ayrakunaqa huq quchapi, utaq mayupi huq kuti sapa wata huñunakunku miranankupaq.<ref>{{cite book|title=A Natural History of Amphibians|last1=Stebbins|first1=Robert C.|author-link1=Robert C. Stebbins|last2=Cohen|first2=Nathan W.|year=1995|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-03281-8|pages=154–162}}</ref> onoju7gbeefq24lccdr3bh47dnp7jsr 679543 679542 2025-06-27T06:05:58Z Jorgelhq 32599 679543 wikitext text/x-wiki K'ayra nisqa uywaqa huqllan hatun hallp'antin ununtin kawsaq uywakuna ayllumanta, paykunaq kamachiyninqa '''[[Anura]]'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura|title=Anura|last=Frost|first=Darrel R.|date=2021|orig-date=1998|website=Amphibian Species of the World|publisher=American Museum of Natural History|access-date=November 29, 2022|quote=}}</ref> nisqa. Phatu qarayuq kaqkunaqa hamp'atu nisqa sutichanku, aswanpis t'aqayninkuqa nisqalla hawanrayku, mana huk uywa kaqtinchu. K'ayrakunaqa pasaq ch'ikisqa kashanku, yunkamanta, yaqa qasasqa hallp'akama, aswanpis ashwan hatun huñukuynin kashan sach'a sach'a yunkapi. Kuraq k'ayrakunaqa sinchi kurkuyuqmi, lluqsisqa [[Ñawi|ñawiyuq]], [[Qallu|qalluyuntaq]] ñawpaqman k'ashkasqa, uranpi k'uyusqa chakiyuq, mana [[Chupa|chupayuq]]. K'ayrakunaq qaranqa [[Ch'añan|ch'añanniyuqmi]], anchaymanta millay unukuna lluqsimun wakin miyuq, wakintaq millaylla. Qaranpaq llimphinqa hukniraymi, allin pakakunanpaq, kay llinphikunaqa kanman ch’iqchi, ch'umpi, oqe, q'umir ima, k’anchariq puka utaq q’illo, yana ima, chaywanmi miyunpaq wañuchiyninta rikuchinku, hap'ikuq uywakunatapas qarqunku. Kuraq k'ayrakunaqa mishk'i unupipas ch'aki hallp'apipas kawsanku; wakin rikch'aqkunaqa hallp'a ukhupi utaq sach'akunapi kawsanankupaqmi allinchasqa kanku. [[Rikcha:Dixi-Rana temporaria.jpg|rikchacha|Rana]] === Chakinkuna === K'ayraq chaki ruwayninqa tiyasqanwanmi tupan. Tukuy rikch'aqninkuna, h'allpapi, unupi, sach'akunapi, utaq t'uqyakunapi kawsaptinpas hukniraymi. K'ayrakunaqa usqhayllan muyuriqninkupi puriyta atinanku, chayhina kanan imaraykuchus usqhayta hap'iq uywakunamanta aykiyta atinanku, ashkha amañarinninkuna kan. Yaqa llapan K'ayrakuna allin p'itaq kanku. i [[Rikcha:Dendropsophus_microcephalus_-_calling_male_(Cope,_1886).jpg|rikchacha| Huk qhari ''Dendropsophus microcephalus'' waqyakuyninpi vocal saconta rikuchiq]] === Miray === Iskaymi k'ayraq mirayninqa, unay miraynin, chullamanta mirayninpas. Kuraq K'ayrakunaqa huq quchapi, utaq mayupi huq kuti sapa wata huñunakunku miranankupaq.<ref>{{cite book|title=A Natural History of Amphibians|last1=Stebbins|first1=Robert C.|author-link1=Robert C. Stebbins|last2=Cohen|first2=Nathan W.|year=1995|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-03281-8|pages=154–162}}</ref> abumfwzu3xoszo9dddk76ttrwv5ksvp 679544 679543 2025-06-27T06:07:21Z Jorgelhq 32599 Referencias 679544 wikitext text/x-wiki K'ayra nisqa uywaqa huqllan hatun hallp'antin ununtin kawsaq uywakuna ayllumanta, paykunaq kamachiyninqa '''[[Anura]]'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura|title=Anura|last=Frost|first=Darrel R.|date=2021|orig-date=1998|website=Amphibian Species of the World|publisher=American Museum of Natural History|access-date=November 29, 2022|quote=}}</ref> nisqa. Phatu qarayuq kaqkunaqa hamp'atu nisqa sutichanku, aswanpis t'aqayninkuqa nisqalla hawanrayku, mana huk uywa kaqtinchu. K'ayrakunaqa pasaq ch'ikisqa kashanku, yunkamanta, yaqa qasasqa hallp'akama, aswanpis ashwan hatun huñukuynin kashan sach'a sach'a yunkapi. Kuraq k'ayrakunaqa sinchi kurkuyuqmi, lluqsisqa [[Ñawi|ñawiyuq]], [[Qallu|qalluyuntaq]] ñawpaqman k'ashkasqa, uranpi k'uyusqa chakiyuq, mana [[Chupa|chupayuq]]. K'ayrakunaq qaranqa [[Ch'añan|ch'añanniyuqmi]], anchaymanta millay unukuna lluqsimun wakin miyuq, wakintaq millaylla. Qaranpaq llimphinqa hukniraymi, allin pakakunanpaq, kay llinphikunaqa kanman ch’iqchi, ch'umpi, oqe, q'umir ima, k’anchariq puka utaq q’illo, yana ima, chaywanmi miyunpaq wañuchiyninta rikuchinku, hap'ikuq uywakunatapas qarqunku. Kuraq k'ayrakunaqa mishk'i unupipas ch'aki hallp'apipas kawsanku; wakin rikch'aqkunaqa hallp'a ukhupi utaq sach'akunapi kawsanankupaqmi allinchasqa kanku. [[Rikcha:Dixi-Rana temporaria.jpg|rikchacha|Rana]] === Chakinkuna === K'ayraq chaki ruwayninqa tiyasqanwanmi tupan. Tukuy rikch'aqninkuna, h'allpapi, unupi, sach'akunapi, utaq t'uqyakunapi kawsaptinpas hukniraymi. K'ayrakunaqa usqhayllan muyuriqninkupi puriyta atinanku, chayhina kanan imaraykuchus usqhayta hap'iq uywakunamanta aykiyta atinanku, ashkha amañarinninkuna kan. Yaqa llapan K'ayrakuna allin p'itaq kanku. i [[Rikcha:Dendropsophus_microcephalus_-_calling_male_(Cope,_1886).jpg|rikchacha| Huk qhari ''Dendropsophus microcephalus'' waqyakuyninpi vocal saconta rikuchiq]] === Miray === Iskaymi k'ayraq mirayninqa, unay miraynin, chullamanta mirayninpas. Kuraq K'ayrakunaqa huq quchapi, utaq mayupi huq kuti sapa wata huñunakunku miranankupaq.<ref>{{cite book|title=A Natural History of Amphibians|last1=Stebbins|first1=Robert C.|author-link1=Robert C. Stebbins|last2=Cohen|first2=Nathan W.|year=1995|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-03281-8|pages=154–162}}</ref> === Qillqaykuna === 47xtm03fugv8nyd12i1dbx0z9qj00vp 679547 679544 2025-06-27T06:22:51Z Jorgelhq 32599 Ortografía 679547 wikitext text/x-wiki K'ayra nisqa uywaqa huqllan hatun hallp'antin ununtin kawsaq uywakuna ayllumanta, paykunaq kamachiyninqa '''[[Anura]]'''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura|title=Anura|last=Frost|first=Darrel R.|date=2021|orig-date=1998|website=Amphibian Species of the World|publisher=American Museum of Natural History|access-date=November 29, 2022|quote=}}</ref> nisqa. Phatu qarayuq kaqkunaqa hamp'atu nisqa sutichanku, aswanpis t'aqayninkuqa nisqalla hawanrayku, mana huk uywa kaqtinchu. K'ayrakunaqa pasaq ch'ikisqa kashanku, yunkamanta, yaqa qasasqa hallp'akama, aswanpis ashwan hatun huñukuynin kashan sach'a sach'a yunkapi. Kuraq k'ayrakunaqa sinchi kurkuyuqmi, lluqsisqa [[Ñawi|ñawiyuq]], [[Qallu|qalluyuntaq]] ñawpaqman k'ashkasqa, uranpi k'uyusqa chakiyuq, mana [[Chupa|chupayuq]]. K'ayrakunaq qaranqa [[Ch'añan|ch'añanniyuqmi]], anchaymanta millay unukuna lluqsimun wakin miyuq, wakintaq millaylla. Qaranpaq llimphinqa hukniraymi, allin pakakunanpaq, kay llinphikunaqa kanman ch’iqchi, ch'umpi, oqe, q'umir ima, k’anchariq puka utaq q’illo, yana ima, chaywanmi miyunpaq wañuchiyninta rikuchinku, hap'ikuq uywakunatapas qarqunku. Kuraq k'ayrakunaqa mishk'i unupipas ch'aki hallp'apipas kawsanku; wakin rikch'aqkunaqa hallp'a ukhupi utaq sach'akunapi kawsanankupaqmi allinchasqa kanku. [[Rikcha:Dixi-Rana temporaria.jpg|rikchacha|Rana]] === Chakinkuna === K'ayraq chaki ruwayninqa tiyasqanwanmi tupan. Tukuy rikch'aqninkuna, h'allpapi, unupi, sach'akunapi, utaq t'uqyakunapi kawsaptinpas hukniraymi. K'ayrakunaqa usqhayllan muyuriqninkupi puriyta atinanku, chayhina kanan imaraykuchus usqhayta hap'iq uywakunamanta aykiyta atinanku, ashkha amañarinninkuna kan. Yaqa llapan K'ayrakuna allin p'itaq kanku. i [[Rikcha:Dendropsophus_microcephalus_-_calling_male_(Cope,_1886).jpg|rikchacha| Huk qhari ''Dendropsophus microcephalus'' waqyakuyninpi vocal saconta rikuchiq]] === Miray === Ishkaymi k'ayraq mirayninqa, unay miraynin, chullamanta mirayninpas. Kuraq K'ayrakunaqa huq quchapi, utaq mayupi huq kuti sapa wata huñunakunku miranankupaq.<ref>{{cite book|title=A Natural History of Amphibians|last1=Stebbins|first1=Robert C.|author-link1=Robert C. Stebbins|last2=Cohen|first2=Nathan W.|year=1995|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-03281-8|pages=154–162}}</ref> === Qillqaykuna === lcsd5phxs7pnmfu397jsa8foqelqwwt 2 64127 679533 2025-06-27T04:37:25Z Milhy98 32545 Creado al traducir la página «[[:es:Special:Redirect/revision/167943860|Nieve]]» 679533 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Rikcha:Nevada no Seixo, Barxa, A Gudiña.jpg|rikchacha|234x234px|Rit'i]] '''Rit'i'''qa tukuy qasasqa unu muruchakunam. <ref>«[https://dle.rae.es/nieve Nieve - RAE definición]». Consultado el 26 de junio de 2025.</ref> Tukuy rikch'ayniyuq ''geométrico'' nisqakunam kanku, chaymi huñunakuspa halaykun pampaman. Rit'iqa phuyukunapi chiriyasqa tiyam, allin kaptin, wayra pachapi kaptin, tukupaypi chulluspa, aysakuspa pampaman chayanku. <ref name="Hobbs"> <span class="citation libro" id="CITAREFHobbs2010">Hobbs, Peter V. (2010). [https://global.oup.com/academic/product/ice-physics-9780199587711?cc=pe&lang=en& ''Ice Physics''. Oxford: Oxford University Press]. p.&nbsp;856. <small>[[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Especial:FuentesDeLibros/978-0199587711|978-0199587711]]</small>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3ANieve&rft.au=Hobbs%2C+Peter+V.&rft.aufirst=Peter+V.&rft.aulast=Hobbs&rft.btitle=Ice+Physics&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0199587711&rft.pages=856&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span style="display:none;">&nbsp;</span></span></ref> [[Rikcha:Abra_Malaga_-_Amazon_Basin_(5055239697).jpg|rikchacha|357x357px| Rit'i, [[Qusqu]] ([[Piruw|Perú]]) ]] Tumpay chhiri kaqtinqa sapa kuti rit'iqtin, hatun luma rit'i [[Hatun chullunku|glaciar nisqa]] ukhurimun. Chaysi kasqallanpi kaspa ashkha watakunam tiyan, ichaqa ratulla rit'iqtin, chulluyta qallarin, mayukunapis hunt'arun, hallp'a ukhupi unukunatapis tumpayta aypachin. Rit'iqa maypachapiqa runaq ruwaynintam '''atipachin''', ñan purinanta, [[Allpa llamk'ay|chakra llamkaynintapis]], chhaynallataqmi yurakuna uywakuna tumpay chiri kaqtinqa wañunmanmi. Ichaqa Mayninpiqa yanapanmansi tarpuykunata uywakunatapis: waqaychay, kawsachin. <ref name="Snowenclyclopedia"> {{Citation|author=Michael P. Bishop|author2=Helgi Björnsson|author3=Wilfried Haeberli|author4=Johannes Oerlemans|author5=John F. Shroder|author6=Martyn Tranter|editor-last=Singh|editor-first=Vijay P.|editor2-last=Singh|editor2-first=Pratap|editor3-last=Haritashya|editor3-first=Umesh K.|year=2011|pages=1253|isbn=978-90-481-2641-5|title=Encyclopedia of Snow, Ice and Glaciers|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mKKtQR4T-1MC}} </ref> Waq suyukunapiqa [[Kurku kallpanchay|pukllaykuna]]<nowiki/>ta qatipan: [[Rit'i chaki lluchk'aykachay|esquí]], [[Rit'i suchuykachay|snowboard]], snowmobile; wakkunapiwan. <ref name="Snowenclyclopedia" /> === Wakniraq mana rit’ikuna === [[Rikcha:Graupel,_Westwood,_MA_2010-02-02.jpg|paña|rikchacha|198x198px| '''Llampu runtu rit'ikuna''']] * '''[[Chikchi]]''': Chikchiqa unu sut’ukunam, chiriyaspa wayrawan phuyuman kutin. Huk rit’ikunapas huñunakuspa hatun rit’i t’aqatan ruwakun. Kaykuna runtukuna urmaqtinkuqa, tarpuyta, wasita, uywata runakunata ima panpanman. * '''Llamp'u <a href="./Chikchi" rel="mw:WikiLink" data-linkid="156" data-cx="{&amp;quot;adapted&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;sourceTitle&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;title&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Granizo&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;thumbnail&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;source&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Granizo.jpg/120px-Granizo.jpg&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;width&amp;quot;:80,&amp;quot;height&amp;quot;:52},&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;forma de precipitación sólida&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;pageprops&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wikibase_item&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Q37602&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;pagelanguage&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;es&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;targetTitle&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;title&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Chikchi&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;thumbnail&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;source&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Hail_Hagel.jpg/120px-Hail_Hagel.jpg&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;width&amp;quot;:80,&amp;quot;height&amp;quot;:51},&amp;quot;pageprops&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wikibase_item&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Q37602&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;pagelanguage&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;qu&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;targetFrom&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;link&amp;quot;}" class="cx-link" id="mw5g" title="Chikchi">chikchi</a>:''' Yaqa chikchi hina, yaqa rit'i hina. * [[Rikcha:Sleet_on_the_ground.jpg|paña|rikchacha|149x149px| ''Rit'i para'']]'''Chiri para''': Kawsarimun 0°C utaq 32°F tunpay chhiripi [[Para|parapiwan]]. Chaynallataqmi ''rit'i para'' nispa sutiyanku. * '''(...)''' Wakkunapis '''[[:es:Perdigones_de_hielo|Perdigones de hielo]]''' utaq '''[[:es:Prismas_de_hielo|Prismas de hielo]]'''nisqa yaqa ''rit'i para'' hinam kanku. [[Rikcha:Mount_Kilimanjaro_Dec_2009_edit1.jpg|rikchacha| Hatun urqukunaqa sapa kutim wiñaypaq ritiyuq capayuq, tropical latitudkunapipas, allin alto kaptinqa. [[Kilimanjaro]], [[Aphrika|Abya Yalapi]], junio killapi qhaway.]] == Tukuy rikch'aq rit'i llimp'ikuna == Wilson Bentleypa (1865-1931) <ref name="WU">Acerca de ''[[:es:Wilson_Bentley|Wilson Bentley]]''</ref> rit'i llimp'ikunapi tukuy rikchaq rit'ikunamanta:<gallery mode="packed" heights="125"> Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake8.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake8.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake5.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake5.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake9.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake9.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake13.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake13.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake14.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake14.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake17.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake17.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake18.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake18.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake2.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake2.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake4.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake4.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake1.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake1.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake11.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake11.jpg Rikcha:Snowflake12.png|tinki=Archivo:Snowflake12.png </gallery> == Qillqasqakuna == {{Reflist|2}} rs7mmxjreiqhdwhc0rhy04cac3f1lia 679534 679533 2025-06-27T04:40:05Z Milhy98 32545 Creado al traducir la página «[[:es:Special:Redirect/revision/167943860|Nieve]]» 679534 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Rikcha:Nevada no Seixo, Barxa, A Gudiña.jpg|rikchacha|234x234px|Rit'i]] '''Rit'i'''qa tukuy qasasqa unu muruchakunam. <ref>«[https://dle.rae.es/nieve Nieve - RAE definición]». Consultado el 26 de junio de 2025.</ref> Tukuy rikch'ayniyuq ''geométrico'' nisqakunam kanku, chaymi huñunakuspa halaykun pampaman. Rit'iqa phuyukunapi chiriyasqa tiyam, allin kaptin, wayra pachapi kaptin, tukupaypi chulluspa, aysakuspa pampaman chayanku. <ref name="Hobbs"> <span class="citation libro" id="CITAREFHobbs2010">Hobbs, Peter V. (2010). [https://global.oup.com/academic/product/ice-physics-9780199587711?cc=pe&lang=en& ''Ice Physics''. Oxford: Oxford University Press]. p.&nbsp;856. <small>[[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Especial:FuentesDeLibros/978-0199587711|978-0199587711]]</small>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3ANieve&rft.au=Hobbs%2C+Peter+V.&rft.aufirst=Peter+V.&rft.aulast=Hobbs&rft.btitle=Ice+Physics&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0199587711&rft.pages=856&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span style="display:none;">&nbsp;</span></span></ref> [[Rikcha:Abra_Malaga_-_Amazon_Basin_(5055239697).jpg|rikchacha|357x357px| Rit'i, [[Qusqu]] ([[Piruw|Perú]]) ]] Tumpay chhiri kaqtinqa sapa kuti rit'iqtin, hatun luma rit'i [[Hatun chullunku|glaciar nisqa]] ukhurimun. Chaysi kasqallanpi kaspa ashkha watakunam tiyan, ichaqa ratulla rit'iqtin, chulluyta qallarin, mayukunapis hunt'arun, hallp'a ukhupi unukunatapis tumpayta aypachin. Rit'iqa maypachapiqa runaq ruwaynintam '''atipachin''', ñan purinanta, [[Allpa llamk'ay|chakra llamkaynintapis]], chhaynallataqmi yurakuna uywakuna tumpay chiri kaqtinqa wañunmanmi. Ichaqa Mayninpiqa yanapanmansi tarpuykunata uywakunatapis: waqaychay, kawsachin. <ref name="Snowenclyclopedia"> {{Citation|author=Michael P. Bishop|author2=Helgi Björnsson|author3=Wilfried Haeberli|author4=Johannes Oerlemans|author5=John F. Shroder|author6=Martyn Tranter|editor-last=Singh|editor-first=Vijay P.|editor2-last=Singh|editor2-first=Pratap|editor3-last=Haritashya|editor3-first=Umesh K.|year=2011|pages=1253|isbn=978-90-481-2641-5|title=Encyclopedia of Snow, Ice and Glaciers|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mKKtQR4T-1MC}} </ref> Waq suyukunapiqa [[Kurku kallpanchay|pukllaykuna]]<nowiki/>ta qatipan: [[Rit'i chaki lluchk'aykachay|esquí]], [[Rit'i suchuykachay|snowboard]], snowmobile; wakkunapiwan. <ref name="Snowenclyclopedia" /> === Wakniraq mana rit’ikuna === [[Rikcha:Graupel,_Westwood,_MA_2010-02-02.jpg|paña|rikchacha|198x198px| '''Llampu runtu rit'ikuna''']] [[Rikcha:Sleet_on_the_ground.jpg|paña|rikchacha|149x149px| ''Rit'i para'']] * '''[[Chikchi]]''': Chikchiqa unu sut’ukunam, chiriyaspa wayrawan phuyuman kutin. Huk rit’ikunapas huñunakuspa hatun rit’i t’aqatan ruwakun. Kaykuna runtukuna urmaqtinkuqa, tarpuyta, wasita, uywata runakunata ima panpanman. * '''Llamp'u <a href="./Chikchi" rel="mw:WikiLink" data-linkid="156" data-cx="{&amp;quot;adapted&amp;quot;:true,&amp;quot;sourceTitle&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;title&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Granizo&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;thumbnail&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;source&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Granizo.jpg/120px-Granizo.jpg&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;width&amp;quot;:80,&amp;quot;height&amp;quot;:52},&amp;quot;description&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;forma de precipitación sólida&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;pageprops&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wikibase_item&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Q37602&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;pagelanguage&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;es&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;targetTitle&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;title&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Chikchi&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;thumbnail&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;source&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Hail_Hagel.jpg/120px-Hail_Hagel.jpg&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;width&amp;quot;:80,&amp;quot;height&amp;quot;:51},&amp;quot;pageprops&amp;quot;:{&amp;quot;wikibase_item&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;Q37602&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;pagelanguage&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;qu&amp;quot;},&amp;quot;targetFrom&amp;quot;:&amp;quot;link&amp;quot;}" class="cx-link" id="mw5g" title="Chikchi">chikchi</a>:''' Yaqa chikchi hina, yaqa rit'i hina. * '''Chiri para''': Kawsarimun 0°C utaq 32°F tunpay chhiripi [[Para|parapiwan]]. Chaynallataqmi ''rit'i para'' nispa sutiyanku. * '''(...)''' Wakkunapis ''Perdigones de hielo'' utaq ''Prismas de hielo'' nisqa yaqa ''rit'i para'' hinam kanku. [[Rikcha:Mount_Kilimanjaro_Dec_2009_edit1.jpg|rikchacha| Hatun urqukunaqa sapa kutim wiñaypaq ritiyuq capayuq, tropical latitudkunapipas, allin alto kaptinqa. [[Kilimanjaro]], [[Aphrika|Abya Yalapi]], junio killapi qhaway.]] == Tukuy rikch'aq rit'i llimp'ikuna == Wilson Bentleypa (1865-1931) <ref name="WU">Acerca de ''[[:es:Wilson_Bentley|Wilson Bentley]]''</ref> rit'i llimp'ikunapi tukuy rikchaq rit'ikunamanta:<gallery mode="packed" heights="125"> Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake8.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake8.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake5.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake5.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake9.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake9.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake13.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake13.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake14.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake14.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake17.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake17.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake18.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake18.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake2.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake2.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake4.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake4.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake1.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake1.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake11.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake11.jpg Rikcha:Snowflake12.png|tinki=Archivo:Snowflake12.png </gallery> == Qillqasqakuna == {{Reflist|2}} bg33v4yea9dr9bzl4nmyq3ak0dvypue 679535 679534 2025-06-27T04:44:29Z Milhy98 32545 Creado al traducir la página «[[:es:Special:Redirect/revision/167943860|Nieve]]» 679535 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Rikcha:Nevada no Seixo, Barxa, A Gudiña.jpg|rikchacha|234x234px|Rit'i]] '''Rit'i'''qa tukuy qasasqa unu muruchakunam. <ref>«[https://dle.rae.es/nieve Nieve - RAE definición]». Consultado el 26 de junio de 2025.</ref> Tukuy rikch'ayniyuq ''geométrico'' nisqakunam kanku, chaymi huñunakuspa halaykun pampaman. Rit'iqa phuyukunapi chiriyasqa tiyam, allin kaptin, wayra pachapi kaptin, tukupaypi chulluspa, aysakuspa pampaman chayanku. <ref name="Hobbs"> <span class="citation libro" id="CITAREFHobbs2010">Hobbs, Peter V. (2010). [https://global.oup.com/academic/product/ice-physics-9780199587711?cc=pe&lang=en& ''Ice Physics''. Oxford: Oxford University Press]. p.&nbsp;856. <small>[[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Especial:FuentesDeLibros/978-0199587711|978-0199587711]]</small>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3ANieve&rft.au=Hobbs%2C+Peter+V.&rft.aufirst=Peter+V.&rft.aulast=Hobbs&rft.btitle=Ice+Physics&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0199587711&rft.pages=856&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook"><span style="display:none;">&nbsp;</span></span></ref> [[Rikcha:Abra_Malaga_-_Amazon_Basin_(5055239697).jpg|rikchacha|357x357px| Rit'i, [[Qusqu]] ([[Piruw|Perú]]) ]] Tumpay chhiri kaqtinqa sapa kuti rit'iqtin, hatun luma rit'i [[Hatun chullunku|glaciar nisqa]] ukhurimun. Chaysi kasqallanpi kaspa ashkha watakunam tiyan, ichaqa ratulla rit'iqtin, chulluyta qallarin, mayukunapis hunt'arun, hallp'a ukhupi unukunatapis tumpayta aypachin. Rit'iqa maypachapiqa runaq ruwaynintam '''atipachin''', ñan purinanta, [[Allpa llamk'ay|chakra llamkaynintapis]], chhaynallataqmi yurakuna uywakuna tumpay chiri kaqtinqa wañunmanmi. Ichaqa Mayninpiqa yanapanmansi tarpuykunata uywakunatapis: waqaychay, kawsachin. <ref name="Snowenclyclopedia"> {{Citation|author=Michael P. Bishop|author2=Helgi Björnsson|author3=Wilfried Haeberli|author4=Johannes Oerlemans|author5=John F. Shroder|author6=Martyn Tranter|editor-last=Singh|editor-first=Vijay P.|editor2-last=Singh|editor2-first=Pratap|editor3-last=Haritashya|editor3-first=Umesh K.|year=2011|pages=1253|isbn=978-90-481-2641-5|title=Encyclopedia of Snow, Ice and Glaciers|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mKKtQR4T-1MC}} </ref> Waq suyukunapiqa [[Kurku kallpanchay|pukllaykuna]]<nowiki/>ta qatipan: [[Rit'i chaki lluchk'aykachay|esquí]], [[Rit'i suchuykachay|snowboard]], snowmobile; wakkunapiwan. <ref name="Snowenclyclopedia" /> === Wakniraq mana rit’ikuna === [[Rikcha:Graupel,_Westwood,_MA_2010-02-02.jpg|paña|rikchacha|198x198px| '''Llampu runtu rit'ikuna''']] * '''[[Chikchi]]''': Chikchiqa unu sut’ukunam, chiriyaspa wayrawan phuyuman kutin. Huk rit’ikunapas huñunakuspa hatun rit’i t’aqatan ruwakun. Kaykuna runtukuna urmaqtinkuqa, tarpuyta, wasita, uywata runakunata ima panpanman. * '''Llamp'u chikchi''': Yaqa chikchi hina, yaqa rit'i hina. * '''Chhiri para''': Kawsarimun 0°C utaq 32°F tunpay chhiripi [[Para|parapiwan]]. Chaynallataqmi ''rit'i para'' nispa sutiyanku. * '''(...)''' Wakkunapis ''Perdigones de hielo'' utaq ''Prismas de hielo'' nisqa yaqa ''rit'i para'' hinam kanku. [[Rikcha:Mount_Kilimanjaro_Dec_2009_edit1.jpg|rikchacha|213x213px| Rit'i [[Kilimanjaro]], [[Aphrika|Abya Yalapi]], junio killapi]] == Tukuy rikch'aq rit'i llimp'ikuna == Wilson Bentleypa (1865-1931) <ref name="WU">Acerca de ''[[:es:Wilson_Bentley|Wilson Bentley]]''</ref> rit'i llimp'ikunapi tukuy rikchaq rit'ikunamanta:<gallery mode="packed" heights="125"> Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake8.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake8.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake5.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake5.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake9.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake9.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake13.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake13.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake14.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake14.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake17.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake17.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake18.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake18.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake2.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake2.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake4.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake4.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake1.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake1.jpg Rikcha:Bentley_Snowflake11.jpg|tinki=Archivo:Bentley_Snowflake11.jpg Rikcha:Snowflake12.png|tinki=Archivo:Snowflake12.png </gallery> == Qillqasqakuna == {{Reflist|2}} q2435dpymiltml7b3mjdci1nj6468c5 2 64128 679536 2025-06-27T05:19:52Z Milhy98 32545 Creado al traducir la página «[[:es:Special:Redirect/revision/167714798|Huaico (corrimiento de tierra)]]» 679536 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Rikcha:300_EFECTIVOS_DEL_EJÉRCITO_APOYAN_A_DAMNIFICADOS_POR_HUAICO_EN_CHOSICA_(16928954465).jpg|rikchacha|340x340px| Chosica llaqtapi 2013 watapi allpa kuyurisqanmanta.]] '''Kuyuriq hallp'a''' utaq '''huaico''' nisqa kastilla simimanta hamun. Kay sutiqa wayq'u utaq wayqu '''quebrada''<nowiki/>' nisqa runasimimanta sutichanku. <ref name=":1">«[https://web.archive.org/web/20170321170919/http://www.cenepred.gob.pe/web/download/PLANAGERD%202014-2021.pdf Sistema nación de gestión del riesgo de desastres]». ''Presidencia del Consejo de Ministros'': 15, 22. Mayo de 2014. Archivado desde el original el 21 de marzo de 2017. Consultado el 26 de junio de 2025.</ref> Aswantaqa [[El Niño|El Niño nisqa fenomenuwan]] hatarin <ref>Redacción (14 de marzo de 2017). «[https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-39259721 Qué es "El Niño costero" que está afectando a Perú y Ecuador y por qué puede ser el indicador de un fenómeno meteorológico a escala planetaria]». ''BBC Mundo'' (en inglés británico). Consultado el 26 de junio de 2025.</ref>, urqukunayuq suyu kaqtinsi, [[Antikuna|Andes]]<nowiki/>pi mayukuna hunt'aykuspam kuyuriq hallp'akunaqa paqarimun. <ref>«[https://rpp.pe/mundo/medio-ambiente/conoce-el-origen-de-un-huayco-y-que-hacer-ante-uno-noticia-1026054#google_vignette ¿Por qué ocurren los huaicos y qué hacer cuando cae uno?]». ''Rpp.pe''. Consultado el 26 de junio de 2025.</ref> Ashwanqa paray pacha kutikunapim ukhurin. <ref>«[https://rpp.pe/lima/actualidad/por-que-hay-huaicos-y-lluvias-si-no-tenemos-fenomeno-el-nino-noticia-1027707 ¿Por qué hay huaicos y lluvias si no tenemos fenómeno El Niño?]». ''rpp.pe''. Consultado el 26 de junio de 2025.</ref> [[Rikcha:Mindef_Supervisa_Trabajos_Preventivos_en_el_Río_Rimac_-_54266464526.jpg|rikchacha| [[Lurikanchu-Chusiqa listritu|Lurigancho-Chosica]] , Piruw suyupi .]] == Willakuykuna == * 1970 watapi Ancash, Piruw suyupi, Yungay llaqtaqa hallp'a kuyurisqanwan p'ampasqa karqan. Chay pachapiqa hallp'a kuyurisqanraykum karqa, manam mayu kuyurisqanwanchu. <ref>[https://www.infobae.com/peru/2023/05/31/el-terremoto-de-yungay-31-mayo-1970-un-desastre-que-marco-al-peru-para-siempre-y-dejo-a-una-ciudad-sepultada/ El terremoto de Yungay: un desastre que marcó al Perú para siempre y dejó a una ciudad sepultada]. https://www.infobae.com/ Consultado el 26 de junio de 2025.</ref> == '''Qillqasqakuna''' == {{Reflist}} e0p7zrwlf9uuqg9nj0wr2o2xfejdg55 679538 679536 2025-06-27T05:22:07Z Milhy98 32545 679538 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Rikcha:300_EFECTIVOS_DEL_EJÉRCITO_APOYAN_A_DAMNIFICADOS_POR_HUAICO_EN_CHOSICA_(16928954465).jpg|rikchacha|290x290px| Chosica llaqtapi 2013 watapi allpa kuyurisqanmanta.]] '''Kuyuriq hallp'a''' utaq ''huaico'' kastilla simimanta hamun. Kay sutiqa wayq'u utaq wayqu''' '<nowiki/>'''''quebrada''<nowiki/>' nisqa runasimimanta sutiyakun. <ref name=":1">«[https://web.archive.org/web/20170321170919/http://www.cenepred.gob.pe/web/download/PLANAGERD%202014-2021.pdf Sistema nación de gestión del riesgo de desastres]». ''Presidencia del Consejo de Ministros'': 15, 22. Mayo de 2014. Archivado desde el original el 21 de marzo de 2017. Consultado el 26 de junio de 2025.</ref> Aswantaqa [[El Niño|El Niño nisqa fenomenuwan]] hatarin <ref>Redacción (14 de marzo de 2017). «[https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-america-latina-39259721 Qué es "El Niño costero" que está afectando a Perú y Ecuador y por qué puede ser el indicador de un fenómeno meteorológico a escala planetaria]». ''BBC Mundo'' (en inglés británico). Consultado el 26 de junio de 2025.</ref>, urqukunayuq suyu kaqtinsi, [[Antikuna|Andes]]<nowiki/>pi mayukuna hunt'aykuspam kuyuriq hallp'akunaqa paqarimun. <ref>«[https://rpp.pe/mundo/medio-ambiente/conoce-el-origen-de-un-huayco-y-que-hacer-ante-uno-noticia-1026054#google_vignette ¿Por qué ocurren los huaicos y qué hacer cuando cae uno?]». ''Rpp.pe''. Consultado el 26 de junio de 2025.</ref> Ashwanqa paray pacha kutikunapim ukhurin. <ref>«[https://rpp.pe/lima/actualidad/por-que-hay-huaicos-y-lluvias-si-no-tenemos-fenomeno-el-nino-noticia-1027707 ¿Por qué hay huaicos y lluvias si no tenemos fenómeno El Niño?]». ''rpp.pe''. Consultado el 26 de junio de 2025.</ref> [[Rikcha:Mindef_Supervisa_Trabajos_Preventivos_en_el_Río_Rimac_-_54266464526.jpg|rikchacha| [[Lurikanchu-Chusiqa listritu|Lurigancho-Chosica]] , Piruw suyupi .|290x290px]] == Willakuykuna == * 1970 watapi Ancash, Piruw suyupi, Yungay llaqtaqa hallp'a kuyurisqanwan p'ampasqa karqan. Chay pachapiqa hallp'a kuyurisqanraykum karqa, manam mayu kuyurisqanwanchu. <ref>[https://www.infobae.com/peru/2023/05/31/el-terremoto-de-yungay-31-mayo-1970-un-desastre-que-marco-al-peru-para-siempre-y-dejo-a-una-ciudad-sepultada/ El terremoto de Yungay: un desastre que marcó al Perú para siempre y dejó a una ciudad sepultada]. https://www.infobae.com/ Consultado el 26 de junio de 2025.</ref> == '''Qillqasqakuna''' == {{Reflist}} 8puqbblkwglq67enif2u5tx0lqmyljl 2 64129 679548 2025-06-27T06:34:42Z Milhy98 32545 Creado al traducir la página «[[:es:Special:Redirect/revision/168007802|Agua]]» 679548 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Rikcha:Stilles_Mineralwasser.jpg|rikchacha| Unuqa ancha allinmi kawsayninchikta takyachinapaq. Unu tariyqa pisiyachinmi unquykuna mastarikuyninta. Runakunapaq ancha allin ahinataq mikhuyninpaqpis. <ref name="KA1">Annan, Kofi A. op. cit., prefacio V. </ref>]] '''Unu''' utaq yaku nisqaqa [[Yakuchaq|iskay hidrun]] [[Iñuku|iñukumanta]], huk [[Muksichaq|muksichaq iñukumanta]]<nowiki/>wan ( '''H ₂ O''' ), ''hidrógeno'' hina ''oxígeno'' nisqamanta hamun. <ref name=":0">Campbell, Neil A.; Reece, Jane B. (2007). ''[https://books.google.es/books?id=QcU0yde9PtkC&pg=PA47&dq=agua+sustancia+com%C3%BAn&hl=es&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjYodmLrLLZAhVKbxQKHVObAN4Q6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=agua%20sustancia%20com%C3%BAn&f=false Biología]''. Ed. Médica Panamericana. <small>ISBN&nbsp;9788479039981</small>. Consultado el 27 de junio de 2025.</ref> Kay unuqa [[Sinchiyasqa|sinchi]] rikch'ayninpi, [[Chullunku|chhullunkupi]], [[Wapsi|gas nisqa]] rikch'aypi, [[Yaku wapsi|waqsi]] nisqapipis tarikunmanmi. <ref name=":0" /> [[Tiqsimuyu|Kay pachapi]] aswantaqa waqsipi icha chhullunkupi tarikun. Chhaynallataqmi ninku, k[[Kawsay|awsaypaq]] paqarimuyninpaq ima, ancha allinkaqninmi. '''Sasachakuykuna''' # Yaqa 70% mishk'i unuqa [[Allpa llamk'ay|chakra]] llamk'anapaqmi aswanta qatipakun. <ref name="Baroni2007">Baroni, L.; Cenci, L.; Tettamanti, M.; Berati, M. (2007). «[[iarchive:sim_european-journal-of-clinical-nutrition_2007-02_61_2/page/278/mode/2up|Evaluating the environmental impact of various dietary patterns combined with different food production systems]]». ''European Journal of Clinical Nutrition'' '''61''': 279-286. <small>ISSN&nbsp;0954-3007</small>. <small>doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602522</small>.</ref> # Industriapi 20% pacha unuta, wasipitaq 10% mikhukun. <ref name="fao1">«[https://web.archive.org/web/20090914142440/http://www.fao.org/spanish/newsroom/news/2003/15254-es.html No hay crisis mundial de agua, pero muchos países en vías de desarrollo tendrán que hacer frente a la escasez de recursos hídricos]». Fao. Archivado desde el original el 14 de septiembre de 2009. Consultado el 27 de junio de 2025.</ref> # Yaqa llapan suyukunapim kay chunka watakunapi [[Upyana yaku|uhana unu]] tariyqa aypakushan. <ref name="who">«[https://web.archive.org/web/20170320185330/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs391/en/ Drinking-water]» (en inglés). Organización Mundial de la Salud. noviembre de 2016. Archivado desde el original el 20 de marzo de 2017. Consultado el 27 de junio de 2025.</ref> * '''Unu pisiyanqa''' # FAO yachaykuna nishan: phichqa allin suyukunamanta hukninmi 2030 watapaq mana unuyuq kapunman. # Kay suyukunaqa, chakra llamk'aypi pisiyachiysi unuta, nispa nishanku. Sistimas rieku nisqakunata hatarichiysi. nispa yaparinku <ref name="fao1" /> [[Rikcha:004n.jpg|rikchacha| Unu]] [[Rikcha:Glaciar_Grey,_Torres_del_Paine.jpg|rikchacha| 70% misk'i unuqa chhullunkusqa ( Gris Glacier, [[Chilisuyu|Chili]] )]] === Unuq muyuynin === [[Rikcha:Ciclodelh20.jpg|rikchacha|280x280px| [[Yaku muyuriy|Unuq sapa kuti muyuynin]]]] Hanakman, wayraq purinan patanman utaq pampaman unu purisqanmanta: <ref name="usgs">«[https://web.archive.org/web/20170130204100/https://water.usgs.gov/edu/watercyclespanish.html El ciclo del agua]». US Geological Survey. Archivado desde el original el 30 de enero de 2017. Consultado el 27 de junio de 2025.</ref> * '''''Iwapurasiyun''''' utaq waqsiyay: Mama quchaq mayukunaq, uywakunaq, yurakunaq wayra pachaman lluqsiynin[[Wapsiyay|.]] * [[Urmamuq yakukuna|'''''Precipitación''''']] utaq urmamuq unukuna: Unu wapsiyasqan. * '''''Hallp'a ukhupi purisqan:''''' Unuqa hawamanta hallp'a ukuman purin. [[Rikcha:Evaporación_agua.jpg|rikchacha| Unu mama quchamanta lluqsiq]] == Qillqasqakuna == * 230nvqimqgqbmecogyafna57qor0zcz 679549 679548 2025-06-27T06:38:17Z Milhy98 32545 679549 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Rikcha:Stilles_Mineralwasser.jpg|rikchacha| Unuqa ancha allinmi kawsayninchikta takyachinapaq. Unu tariyqa pisiyachinmi unquykuna mastarikuyninta. Runakunapaq ancha allin ahinataq mikhuyninpaqpis. <ref name="KA1">Annan, Kofi A. op. cit., prefacio V. </ref>|212x212px]] '''Unu''' utaq yaku nisqaqa [[Yakuchaq|iskay hidrun]] [[Iñuku|iñukumanta]], huk [[Muksichaq|muksichaq iñukumanta]]<nowiki/>wan ( '''H ₂ O''' ), ''hidrógeno'' hina ''oxígeno'' nisqamanta hamun. <ref name=":0">Campbell, Neil A.; Reece, Jane B. (2007). ''[https://books.google.es/books?id=QcU0yde9PtkC&pg=PA47&dq=agua+sustancia+com%C3%BAn&hl=es&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjYodmLrLLZAhVKbxQKHVObAN4Q6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=agua%20sustancia%20com%C3%BAn&f=false Biología]''. Ed. Médica Panamericana. <small>ISBN&nbsp;9788479039981</small>. Consultado el 27 de junio de 2025.</ref> Kay unuqa [[Sinchiyasqa|sinchi]] rikch'ayninpi, [[Chullunku|chhullunkupi]], [[Wapsi|gas nisqa]] rikch'aypi, [[Yaku wapsi|waqsi]] nisqapipis tarikunmanmi. <ref name=":0" /> [[Tiqsimuyu|Kay pachapi]] aswantaqa waqsipi icha chhullunkupi tarikun. Chhaynallataqmi ninku, k[[Kawsay|awsaypaq]] paqarimuyninpaq ima, ancha allinkaqninmi. == Sasachakuykuna == # Yaqa 70% mishk'i unuqa [[Allpa llamk'ay|chakra]] llamk'anapaqmi aswanta qatipakun. <ref name="Baroni2007">Baroni, L.; Cenci, L.; Tettamanti, M.; Berati, M. (2007). «[[iarchive:sim_european-journal-of-clinical-nutrition_2007-02_61_2/page/278/mode/2up|Evaluating the environmental impact of various dietary patterns combined with different food production systems]]». ''European Journal of Clinical Nutrition'' '''61''': 279-286. <small>ISSN&nbsp;0954-3007</small>. <small>doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602522</small>.</ref> # Industriapi 20% pacha unuta, wasipitaq 10% mikhukun. <ref name="fao1">«[https://web.archive.org/web/20090914142440/http://www.fao.org/spanish/newsroom/news/2003/15254-es.html No hay crisis mundial de agua, pero muchos países en vías de desarrollo tendrán que hacer frente a la escasez de recursos hídricos]». Fao. Archivado desde el original el 14 de septiembre de 2009. Consultado el 27 de junio de 2025.</ref> # Yaqa llapan suyukunapim kay chunka watakunapi [[Upyana yaku|uhana unu]] tariyqa aypakushan. <ref name="who">«[https://web.archive.org/web/20170320185330/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs391/en/ Drinking-water]» (en inglés). Organización Mundial de la Salud. noviembre de 2016. Archivado desde el original el 20 de marzo de 2017. Consultado el 27 de junio de 2025.</ref> * '''Unu pisiyanqa''' # FAO yachaykuna nishan: phichqa allin suyukunamanta hukninmi 2030 watapaq mana unuyuq kapunman. # Kay suyukunaqa, chakra llamk'aypi pisiyachiysi unuta, nispa nishanku. Sistimas rieku nisqakunata hatarichiysi. nispa yaparinku <ref name="fao1" />[[Rikcha:Ciclodelh20.jpg|rikchacha|316x316px| [[Yaku muyuriy|Unuq sapa kuti muyuynin]]]] [[Rikcha:Glaciar_Grey,_Torres_del_Paine.jpg|rikchacha| 70% misk'i unuqa chhullunkusqa ( Gris Glacier, [[Chilisuyu|Chili]] )]] == Unuq muyuynin == Hanakman, wayraq purinan patanman utaq pampaman unu purisqanmanta: <ref name="usgs">«[https://web.archive.org/web/20170130204100/https://water.usgs.gov/edu/watercyclespanish.html El ciclo del agua]». US Geological Survey. Archivado desde el original el 30 de enero de 2017. Consultado el 27 de junio de 2025.</ref> * '''''Iwapurasiyun''''' utaq waqsiyay: Mama quchaq mayukunaq, uywakunaq, yurakunaq wayra pachaman lluqsiynin[[Wapsiyay|.]] * [[Urmamuq yakukuna|'''''Precipitación''''']] utaq urmamuq unukuna: Unu wapsiyasqan. * '''''Hallp'a ukhupi purisqan:''''' Unuqa hawamanta hallp'a ukuman purin. [[Rikcha:Evaporación_agua.jpg|rikchacha| Unu mama quchamanta lluqsiq]] == Qillqasqakuna == 0kgoxitdtqk95p2rtjh81gspkrgap4p