Wikipedia rnwiki https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urupapuro_nyamukuru MediaWiki 1.46.0-wmf.26 first-letter Media Vyisangije Ikiyago Uwukoresha Ikiyago c'uwukoresha Wikipedia Ikiyago kuri Wikipedia Dosiye Ikiyago kw'idosiye MediaWiki Ikiyago kuri MediaWiki Ingero Ikiyago cerekeye ingero Ubufasha Ikiyago k'ubufasha Umuce Ikiyago cerekeye umuce TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 5485 26957 2026-05-01T15:12:58Z ~2026-26578-91 11414 Created page with "'''Khalid ibn al-Walid''' (yitavye Imana mu 642 CE), azwi kandi nka Sayf Allah al-Maslul (Inyota ya rurema yashijwe), yari umugaba w’ingabo w’umu-Arabu rurangiranwa mu bihe vy’intsinzi z’idini rya Isilamu mu kiyerekezo c’ikinjana ca karindwi. Azwi kwi ntsinzi zidasanzwe mu ntambara zirenga 50 atigeze atsindwa na mwe, ivyo bikaba vyaratumye Ubwami bwa Isilamu (Rashidun Caliphate) bwaguka cane ku ngoma ya ba Caliph Abu Bakr na Umar ibn al-Khattab. ==Ubuzima bwiw..." 26957 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Khalid ibn al-Walid''' (yitavye Imana mu 642 CE), azwi kandi nka Sayf Allah al-Maslul (Inyota ya rurema yashijwe), yari umugaba w’ingabo w’umu-Arabu rurangiranwa mu bihe vy’intsinzi z’idini rya Isilamu mu kiyerekezo c’ikinjana ca karindwi. Azwi kwi ntsinzi zidasanzwe mu ntambara zirenga 50 atigeze atsindwa na mwe, ivyo bikaba vyaratumye Ubwami bwa Isilamu (Rashidun Caliphate) bwaguka cane ku ngoma ya ba Caliph Abu Bakr na Umar ibn al-Khattab. ==Ubuzima bwiwe bwa mbere no gukwira mw’idini== Yavukiye mu muryango ukomeye w’aba Banu Makhzum mu muryango w’aba Quraysh i Maka. Mu ntango, Khalid yararwanije Umuhanuzi Muhammad, aho mbere yagize uruhara rukomeye mu ntsinzi y’aba Quraysh ku rugamba rwa Uhud (625 CE). Yakwire mw’idini rya Isilamu mu mwaka wa 627 nka 629 CE, maze kuva ico gihe akoresha ubuhinga bwiwe bw’intambara mu gushigikira leta nshasha ya Isilamu. ==Igikorwa ciwe mu gisirikare n’intsinzi== Igikorwa ca Khalid kirangwa n’ubuhinga budasanzwe bwo gutera vuba no gukoresha amayeri yo gutera ubwoba abansi. Inyuma y’urupfu rwa Muhammad, yaraye imbere intambara za Ridda (intambara zo kugarura abari bava mw’idini), ahuza amashyamba ya kure y’Abarabu munsi y’Ubwami bwa Isilamu. Intsinzi ziwe zikomeye kuruta izindi zabaye mu gihe co kwigarurira Ubwami bwa Peresi (Sassanid) n’Ubwami bwa Byzantine muri Siriya. Ingamba zikomeye zirimo: * Urugamba rwa Firaz (634 CE): Intsinzi ikomeye ku ngabo zihurikiye hamwe z’aba Byzantine n’aba Sassanid. * Urugamba rwa Yarmouk (636 CE): Irufatwa nk’imwe mu ntambara zikomeye mu mateka y’isi, aho uburongozi bwa Khalid bwatumye ingabo za Byzantine zitsindwa bikomeye, bituma ingoma yabo muri Siriya ihagarara. ==Umurage n’Urupfu== Khalid ashimirwa gushinga umutwi w’ingabo z’indanyi (mubarizun) no gukoresha abasirikare bagendera ku mafarasi vuba mu kumenya no gutera aho umwansi adakomeye. Huhande y’intsinzi ziwe, Caliph Umar yaje kumukura mu mabanga kugira abantu ntibibaze ko intsinzi ziva ku muntu umwe aho kuva ku Mana. Khalid yitavye Imana mu 642 CE i Homs muri Siriya. ==Ibitabo vyakoreshejwe== # Akrām, A. I. (2004). The sword of Allah: Khalid bin al-Waleed, his life and campaigns. Maktabah. # Donner, F. M. (2014). The early Islamic conquests. Princeton University Press. # Kennedy, H. (2007). The great Arab conquests: How the spread of Islam changed the world we live in. Da Capo Press. # Nicolle, D. (1994). Yarmuk 636 AD: The Muslim conquest of Syria. Osprey Publishing. s25kjo89v8ju9qvq6srtthy3ca1itfz 26958 26957 2026-05-01T15:56:33Z ~2026-26578-91 11414 26958 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Khalid ibn al-Walid''' (yitavye Imana mu 642 CE), azwi kandi nka Sayf Allah al-Maslul (Inyota ya rurema yashijwe), yari umugaba w’ingabo w’umu-Arabu rurangiranwa mu bihe vy’intsinzi z’idini rya Isilamu mu kiyerekezo c’ikinjana ca karindwi. Azwi kwi ntsinzi zidasanzwe mu ntambara zirenga 50 atigeze atsindwa na mwe, ivyo bikaba vyaratumye Ubwami bwa Isilamu (Rashidun Caliphate) bwaguka cane ku ngoma ya ba Caliph Abu Bakr na [[Umar ibn al-Khattab]]. ==Ubuzima bwiwe bwa mbere no gukwira mw’idini== Yavukiye mu muryango ukomeye w’aba Banu Makhzum mu muryango w’aba Quraysh i Maka. Mu ntango, Khalid yararwanije Umuhanuzi Muhammad, aho mbere yagize uruhara rukomeye mu ntsinzi y’aba Quraysh ku rugamba rwa Uhud (625 CE). Yakwire mw’idini rya Isilamu mu mwaka wa 627 nka 629 CE, maze kuva ico gihe akoresha ubuhinga bwiwe bw’intambara mu gushigikira leta nshasha ya Isilamu. ==Igikorwa ciwe mu gisirikare n’intsinzi== Igikorwa ca Khalid kirangwa n’ubuhinga budasanzwe bwo gutera vuba no gukoresha amayeri yo gutera ubwoba abansi. Inyuma y’urupfu rwa Muhammad, yaraye imbere intambara za Ridda (intambara zo kugarura abari bava mw’idini), ahuza amashyamba ya kure y’Abarabu munsi y’Ubwami bwa Isilamu. Intsinzi ziwe zikomeye kuruta izindi zabaye mu gihe co kwigarurira Ubwami bwa Peresi (Sassanid) n’Ubwami bwa Byzantine muri Siriya. Ingamba zikomeye zirimo: * Urugamba rwa Firaz (634 CE): Intsinzi ikomeye ku ngabo zihurikiye hamwe z’aba Byzantine n’aba Sassanid. * Urugamba rwa Yarmouk (636 CE): Irufatwa nk’imwe mu ntambara zikomeye mu mateka y’isi, aho uburongozi bwa Khalid bwatumye ingabo za Byzantine zitsindwa bikomeye, bituma ingoma yabo muri Siriya ihagarara. ==Umurage n’Urupfu== Khalid ashimirwa gushinga umutwi w’ingabo z’indanyi (mubarizun) no gukoresha abasirikare bagendera ku mafarasi vuba mu kumenya no gutera aho umwansi adakomeye. Huhande y’intsinzi ziwe, Caliph Umar yaje kumukura mu mabanga kugira abantu ntibibaze ko intsinzi ziva ku muntu umwe aho kuva ku Mana. Khalid yitavye Imana mu 642 CE i Homs muri Siriya. ==Ibitabo vyakoreshejwe== # Akrām, A. I. (2004). The sword of Allah: Khalid bin al-Waleed, his life and campaigns. Maktabah. # Donner, F. M. (2014). The early Islamic conquests. Princeton University Press. # Kennedy, H. (2007). The great Arab conquests: How the spread of Islam changed the world we live in. Da Capo Press. # Nicolle, D. (1994). Yarmuk 636 AD: The Muslim conquest of Syria. Osprey Publishing. nt3q6162bw83dy7l1z2nye4tqd765q0 0 5486 26959 2026-05-01T15:56:50Z ~2026-26578-91 11414 Created page with "'''Umar ibn al-Khattab''' (c. 584–644 CE) yari we Caliph wa kabiri mu bami ba Rashidun akaba n’umwe mu bategetsi b’Abayisilamu bafise ububasha n’icubahiro gikomeye mu mateka. Kubera ko yari umugenzi wa hafi w’Umumenyeshakanda Muhammad, yimye ingoma mu mwaka wa 634 CE asubiriye [[Abu Bakr]]. Ku ngoma yiwe, ubwami bwa kiyisilamu bwaguze imbibi ku rugero rutigeze rubaho, butsinda ubwami bwa Byzantine n’ubwa Sassanid, yongera ashinga inzego z’ubutegetsi n’ama..." 26959 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umar ibn al-Khattab''' (c. 584–644 CE) yari we Caliph wa kabiri mu bami ba Rashidun akaba n’umwe mu bategetsi b’Abayisilamu bafise ububasha n’icubahiro gikomeye mu mateka. Kubera ko yari umugenzi wa hafi w’Umumenyeshakanda Muhammad, yimye ingoma mu mwaka wa 634 CE asubiriye [[Abu Bakr]]. Ku ngoma yiwe, ubwami bwa kiyisilamu bwaguze imbibi ku rugero rutigeze rubaho, butsinda ubwami bwa Byzantine n’ubwa Sassanid, yongera ashinga inzego z’ubutegetsi n’amategeko bishingiye ku nkingi za Isilamu. =Ubuzima bwiwe bwa mbere n’ukwinjira muri Isilamu== Umar yavukiye mu gisagara ca Maka mu muryango w’aba Banu Adi mu rwaruka rwa Quraysh. Mu ntango, yararwanyije Isilamu bimwe bikomeye, ariko yaje guhinduka mu mwaka wa 616 CE. Ico kintu cibonekeza nk’ihinduka rikomeye ryahaye inguvu n’intege abayisilamu ba mbere. Kubera inkomezi ziwe n’ubushizi bw’amanga, yabaye umuhanuzi mukuru wa Muhammad, hanyuma aza no kuba umuhanuzi wa Caliph wa mbere, Abu Bakr. ==Ingoma yiwe n’intsinzi z’intambara== Ingoma ya Umar (634–644 CE) yaranzwe n’ukwagura intara z’abayisilamu mu buryo bwihuta cyane. Abajenerali biwe, canne cane Khalid ibn al-Walid na Amr ibn al-As, batsinze intara za Mezopotamiya, Peresiya, Misiri, Palesitina, na Siriya. Mu mwaka wa 637 CE, Umar ubwiwe yagiye muri Yeruzalemu kwakira iryo sangwa ry’ico gisagara mu mahoro, yizeza abakristu n’ibibanza vyabo vyeranda gukingirwa. ==Amavugurura mu butegetsi== Yari azwi ku zina rya Al-Faruq ("Uwutandukanya iciza n’ikibi"). Umar yari umuyobozi azi kwunganya neza ibintu. Yashizeho uburyo bwa Diwan bwo kugumya inyandiko za Leta n’uburyo bwo gufasha abanyagihugu, yongera atanguza ikirangaminsi ca Hijri. Yashizeho abacamanza (qadis) yongera akomeza inama y’abahanuzi (Shura) kugira ngo ubutegetsi bwame bugenda neza. ==Ururupfu n’iragi ryiwe== Umar yishwe mu mwaka wa 644 CE n’umushumba w’umu-Peresi yitwa Piruz Nahavandi, igihe yari ari imbere mu masengesho mu gisagara ca Madina. Yashyinguwe mu musigiti wa Al-Masjid an-Nabawi iruhande rwa Muhammad na Abu Bakr. Aracyabonwa nk’umuntu w’iteka mu idini rya Sunni kubera ubutungane bwiwe, kwubaha Imana, n’ubuzima bworoshe yabayemo. ==Reference== # Madigan, P. (2026). Umar ibn al-Khattab. In The Encyclopedia of Islamic History (Vol. 4, pp. 112–128). Academic Press. # Donner, F. M. (1981). The Early Islamic Conquests. Princeton University Press. # Hourani, A. (2013). A History of the Arab Peoples. Belknap Press. hiv4lxxohe16m2q5hqe01nrddcfg87j 26960 26959 2026-05-01T15:57:07Z ~2026-26578-91 11414 26960 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Umar ibn al-Khattab''' (c. 584–644 CE) yari we Caliph wa kabiri mu bami ba Rashidun akaba n’umwe mu bategetsi b’Abayisilamu bafise ububasha n’icubahiro gikomeye mu mateka. Kubera ko yari umugenzi wa hafi w’Umumenyeshakanda Muhammad, yimye ingoma mu mwaka wa 634 CE asubiriye [[Abu Bakr]]. Ku ngoma yiwe, ubwami bwa kiyisilamu bwaguze imbibi ku rugero rutigeze rubaho, butsinda ubwami bwa Byzantine n’ubwa Sassanid, yongera ashinga inzego z’ubutegetsi n’amategeko bishingiye ku nkingi za Isilamu. ==Ubuzima bwiwe bwa mbere n’ukwinjira muri Isilamu== Umar yavukiye mu gisagara ca Maka mu muryango w’aba Banu Adi mu rwaruka rwa Quraysh. Mu ntango, yararwanyije Isilamu bimwe bikomeye, ariko yaje guhinduka mu mwaka wa 616 CE. Ico kintu cibonekeza nk’ihinduka rikomeye ryahaye inguvu n’intege abayisilamu ba mbere. Kubera inkomezi ziwe n’ubushizi bw’amanga, yabaye umuhanuzi mukuru wa Muhammad, hanyuma aza no kuba umuhanuzi wa Caliph wa mbere, Abu Bakr. ==Ingoma yiwe n’intsinzi z’intambara== Ingoma ya Umar (634–644 CE) yaranzwe n’ukwagura intara z’abayisilamu mu buryo bwihuta cyane. Abajenerali biwe, canne cane Khalid ibn al-Walid na Amr ibn al-As, batsinze intara za Mezopotamiya, Peresiya, Misiri, Palesitina, na Siriya. Mu mwaka wa 637 CE, Umar ubwiwe yagiye muri Yeruzalemu kwakira iryo sangwa ry’ico gisagara mu mahoro, yizeza abakristu n’ibibanza vyabo vyeranda gukingirwa. ==Amavugurura mu butegetsi== Yari azwi ku zina rya Al-Faruq ("Uwutandukanya iciza n’ikibi"). Umar yari umuyobozi azi kwunganya neza ibintu. Yashizeho uburyo bwa Diwan bwo kugumya inyandiko za Leta n’uburyo bwo gufasha abanyagihugu, yongera atanguza ikirangaminsi ca Hijri. Yashizeho abacamanza (qadis) yongera akomeza inama y’abahanuzi (Shura) kugira ngo ubutegetsi bwame bugenda neza. ==Ururupfu n’iragi ryiwe== Umar yishwe mu mwaka wa 644 CE n’umushumba w’umu-Peresi yitwa Piruz Nahavandi, igihe yari ari imbere mu masengesho mu gisagara ca Madina. Yashyinguwe mu musigiti wa Al-Masjid an-Nabawi iruhande rwa Muhammad na Abu Bakr. Aracyabonwa nk’umuntu w’iteka mu idini rya Sunni kubera ubutungane bwiwe, kwubaha Imana, n’ubuzima bworoshe yabayemo. ==Reference== # Madigan, P. (2026). Umar ibn al-Khattab. In The Encyclopedia of Islamic History (Vol. 4, pp. 112–128). Academic Press. # Donner, F. M. (1981). The Early Islamic Conquests. Princeton University Press. # Hourani, A. (2013). A History of the Arab Peoples. Belknap Press. 8c3y4u0ixvc4numq43unqtxpyief5jx