Wikipedia rwwiki https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intangiriro MediaWiki 1.46.0-wmf.24 first-letter Itangazamakuru Ibidasanzwe Ibiganiro Umukoresha Ibiganiro by'umukoresha Wikipedia Ibiganiro kuri Wikipedia Dosiye Ibiganiro kuri dosiye MediyaWiki Ibiganiro kuri MediyaWiki Inyandikorugero Ibiganiro ku nyandikorugero Ubufasha Ibiganiro ku bufasha Ikiciro Ibiganiro ku byiciro TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 3264 130442 121509 2026-04-17T15:21:32Z Elysee 2006 17908 130442 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:NyanzaDist.png|thumb|250px|<span style="color:grey;">Ikarita y’Akarere ka Nyanza </span>]] [[File:Rwanda Nyanza Mwami Palace.jpg|thumb|Rwanda Nyanza Mwami Palace]] '''Akarere ka Nyanza''' ni kamwe mu turere umunani tugize [[Intara y’Amajyepfo|intara y’amajyepfo]]. Icyicaro cy’ubuyobozi bw’akarere kiri mu Murenge wa Busasamana , ari naho hari icyicaro cy’intara y’amajyepfo Akarere ka Nyanza gafite ubuso bwa km² 671,2 kakaba gatuwe n’abaturage 225.209, batuye mu Mirenge 10 igizwe n’utugari 51 n’imidugudu 420. Akarere ka Nyanza gahana imbibi n’uturere twa Ruhango, Huye, Nyamagabe na Gisagara two mu ntara y’amajyepfo ; [[akarere ka Bugesera]] ko mu ntara y’uburasirazuba kakanakora kuri Repuburika y’ [[Uburundi]]. Akarere ka Nyanza kagizwe n’imisozi iciye bugufi iburasirazuba no hagati, n’imisozi ifite ubutumburuke buri hagati ya 1.300m na 1.800m mu burengerazuba. Gafite kandi ibibaya bigari bikikije inzuzi za Mwogo iburengerazuba, n’Akanyaru iburasirazuba. Mu karere ka Nyanza hera ibihingwa binyuranye, iby’ingenzi bikaba ari ibigori, umuceri, ibishyimbo, imyumbati na kawa. Imiterere y’imisozi yako ituma kagira urunyurane rw’ubushyuhe n’ubukonje (''climat'') bituma ubworozi muri rusange, ubw’inka by’umwihariko bugenda neza. Mu karere ka Nyanza kandi habonekamo amabuye y’agaciro nka koluta na Gasegereti mu murenge wa Nyagisozi. Igice kinini cy’akarere ka Nyanza ni icyaro; ariko gafite umujyi wa Nyanza, umwe mu migi ya mbere yubatswe mu gihugu ariko utarigeze utera imbere ku buryo bugaragara kuva mu myaka y’1960. Uwo Mujyi n’ubwo utateye imbere mu myubakire n’ubucuruzi, uganjemo amashuri menshi yisumbuye ya Leta ndetse n’ay’ababyeyi. Akarere ka Nyanza gafite umwihariko wo gusurwa cyane na ba Mucyerarugendo kubera ubwiza Nyaburanga buharangwa cyane ko aka karere ari igicumbi cy'umuco n'amateka by'u Rwanda. Kabaye [[umurwa]] mukuru w'ubwami bw'u Rwanda guhera mu 1899. Hari ingoro y'abami mu Rukari, ingoro y'amateka yo kwigira kw'abanyarwanda ndetse n'inzira gakondo z'ubukerarugendo (cultural trails) zirimo iy'ubwami, iyitwa big view ndetse n'iya Gatagara. Mu hantu h'amateka hazwi harimo amariba ya Mutende, i Mututu ku biraro by'umwami Rudahigwa, icyuzi cya Nyamagana, Ku bigega, mu gakenyeri kwa Musinga n'ahandi. == Imiyoboro == {{Reflist}} *[http://www.nyanza.gov.rw/index.php?option=com_content&view=frontpage&Itemid=1&lang=rw www.nyanza.gov.rw] [[Category:Akarere ka Nyanza| ]] [[Ikiciro:Intara y'amajyepfo]] tve2ms2h6jo490x8na4kyuaxdk4qu1g 130445 130442 2026-04-17T15:31:25Z Elysee 2006 17908 130445 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:NyanzaDist.png|thumb|250px|<span style="color:grey;">Ikarita y’Akarere ka Nyanza </span>]] [[File:Rwanda Nyanza Mwami Palace.jpg|thumb|Rwanda Nyanza Mwami Palace]] '''Akarere ka Nyanza''' ni kamwe mu turere umunani tugize [[Intara y’Amajyepfo|intara y’amajyepfo]]. Icyicaro cy’ubuyobozi bw’akarere kiri mu Murenge wa Busasamana , ari naho hari icyicaro cy’intara y’amajyepfo Akarere ka Nyanza gafite ubuso bwa km² 671,2 kakaba gatuwe n’abaturage 225.209, IMIRENGE Akarere ka Nyanza gahana imbibi n’uturere twa Ruhango, Huye, Nyamagabe na Gisagara two mu ntara y’amajyepfo ; [[akarere ka Bugesera]] ko mu ntara y’uburasirazuba kakanakora kuri Repuburika y’ [[Uburundi]]. Akarere ka Nyanza kagizwe n’imisozi iciye bugufi iburasirazuba no hagati, n’imisozi ifite ubutumburuke buri hagati ya 1.300m na 1.800m mu burengerazuba. Gafite kandi ibibaya bigari bikikije inzuzi za Mwogo iburengerazuba, n’Akanyaru iburasirazuba. Mu karere ka Nyanza hera ibihingwa binyuranye, iby’ingenzi bikaba ari ibigori, umuceri, ibishyimbo, imyumbati na kawa. Imiterere y’imisozi yako ituma kagira urunyurane rw’ubushyuhe n’ubukonje (''climat'') bituma ubworozi muri rusange, ubw’inka by’umwihariko bugenda neza. Mu karere ka Nyanza kandi habonekamo amabuye y’agaciro nka koluta na Gasegereti mu murenge wa Nyagisozi. Igice kinini cy’akarere ka Nyanza ni icyaro; ariko gafite umujyi wa Nyanza, umwe mu migi ya mbere yubatswe mu gihugu ariko utarigeze utera imbere ku buryo bugaragara kuva mu myaka y’1960. Uwo Mujyi n’ubwo utateye imbere mu myubakire n’ubucuruzi, uganjemo amashuri menshi yisumbuye ya Leta ndetse n’ay’ababyeyi. Akarere ka Nyanza gafite umwihariko wo gusurwa cyane na ba Mucyerarugendo kubera ubwiza Nyaburanga buharangwa cyane ko aka karere ari igicumbi cy'umuco n'amateka by'u Rwanda. Kabaye [[umurwa]] mukuru w'ubwami bw'u Rwanda guhera mu 1899. Hari ingoro y'abami mu Rukari, ingoro y'amateka yo kwigira kw'abanyarwanda ndetse n'inzira gakondo z'ubukerarugendo (cultural trails) zirimo iy'ubwami, iyitwa big view ndetse n'iya Gatagara. Mu hantu h'amateka hazwi harimo amariba ya Mutende, i Mututu ku biraro by'umwami Rudahigwa, icyuzi cya Nyamagana, Ku bigega, mu gakenyeri kwa Musinga n'ahandi. == Imiyoboro == {{Reflist}} *[http://www.nyanza.gov.rw/index.php?option=com_content&view=frontpage&Itemid=1&lang=rw www.nyanza.gov.rw] [[Category:Akarere ka Nyanza| ]] [[Ikiciro:Intara y'amajyepfo]] joql7qvt899fcp3r31llvfquiaoojae 0 7996 130481 120327 2026-04-17T18:53:47Z MUNEZA Florien 17923 Hahinduwe imyandikire 130481 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:OSIRIS_Mars_true_color.jpg|thumb|right|Umubumbe wa Mars]] Umubumbe wa Mars (ikimenyetso: [[file:Mars symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|♂]]) ni umwe mu icyenda igaragiye izuba ukaba wegeranye n’uwacu w’isi. Ni umubumbe wa kane uvuye ku izuba, kandi ukaba umubumbe wa kabiri muto nyuma ya Mercury. Mu cyongereza bawita "Roman God of War",([[Ikinyarwanda|Kinyarwanda]]: Imana y'Intambara y'Abaromani), Bawita kandi "Umubumbe Utukura" kubera ibara ryawo ritukura rigaragarira amaso ya muntu Nta bindi bikoresho byifashishijwe. [[File:Mars_Hubble.jpg|thumb|Mars ]] [[Dosiye:TerraformedMarsGlobeRealistic.jpg|thumb|Umubumbe wa Mars]] Mars kandi, Niho cumbi rya Olympus Mons, [[Ibirunga byu Rwanda|Ikirunga]] Kinini cyane kurusha ibindi kandi kikaba n'Umusozi wa kabiri muremure cyane Muri Sisiteme y'Izuba. Kuri Mars haba Ukwezi kwa Phobos n'ukwa Deimos. Phobos na Deimos ni Amezi abiri afite ishusho nto kandi Itaringaniye, Bishoboka ko yombi (Phobos na Deimos), Akomoka ku ma Asteroids yafashwe kuri Mars nkuko byagenze kuri 5261 Eureka, Trojan yo 8zhse4m0i2jnzrn5zgragzvzasdsm04 0 8171 130422 130399 2026-04-17T14:58:32Z B.Scalling 15089 130422 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:NyamagabeDist.png|thumb|Aho umurenge wa Gasaka mu karere ka Nyamagabe |356x356px]] [[Dosiye:Hills_of_Nyamagabe_in_Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Imisozi ituweho n'abaturage ba Nyamagabe mu Rwanda|356x356px]] Umurenge wa Gasaka ni umwe mu mirenge icumi ni rindwi igize akarere ka Nyamagabe. Ni umwe mu mirenge yegereye ishyamba rya kimeza rya Nyungwe rizwi cyane mubukerarugendo. INKOMOKO 1.nyamagabe.gov.rw ol9kygkm2zsprdjle89y4s04nvfq7mz 130423 130422 2026-04-17T15:01:06Z B.Scalling 15089 130423 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:NyamagabeDist.png|thumb|Aho umurenge wa Gasaka mu karere ka Nyamagabe |356x356px]] [[Dosiye:Hills_of_Nyamagabe_in_Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Imisozi ituweho n'abaturage ba Nyamagabe mu Rwanda|356x356px]] Umurenge wa Gasaka ni umwe mu mirenge icumi ni rindwi igize akarere ka Nyamagabe.Ni umwe mu mirenge yegereye ishyamba rya kimeza rya Nyungwe rizwi cyane mubukerarugendo. Umurenge wa Gasaka uherereye mu Akarere ka Nyamagabe. Ukaba arinawo ibiro byaka karere biherereyemo . Uyu murenge uhana imbibi nindi mirenge nka Tare mumajyepfo, Kitabi muburengerazuba, Kamegeri muburasirazuba Kibirizi mumagepfo ndetse mumurenge wa Uwinkingi . '''<u>utugali tugize umurenge wa Gasaka</u>''' Ugizwe Kandi nutugari dutanu aritwo Gasaka, Nyamugari, Ngiryi, Gatovu na Nyarusange. Imidugudu makumyabiri nirindwi(27) . Abaturajye baho bakora imirimo myinshi yibanda Kubuhinzi nubworozi, bitewe nuko ari kamwe muduce twicyaro INKOMOKO 1.nyamagabe.gov.rw jy1r4cf5dvczeubxh7j5y35ozm1wgtl 130424 130423 2026-04-17T15:04:04Z B.Scalling 15089 130424 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:NyamagabeDist.png|thumb|Aho umurenge wa Gasaka mu karere ka Nyamagabe |356x356px]] [[Dosiye:Hills_of_Nyamagabe_in_Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Imisozi ituweho n'abaturage ba Nyamagabe mu Rwanda|356x356px]] '''Umurenge wa Gasaka''' ni umwe mu mirenge icumi ni rindwi igize akarere ka Nyamagabe.Ni umwe mu mirenge yegereye ishyamba rya kimeza rya Nyungwe rizwi cyane mubukerarugendo. Umurenge wa Gasaka uherereye mu Akarere ka Nyamagabe. Ukaba arinawo ibiro byaka karere biherereyemo . Uyu murenge uhana imbibi nindi mirenge nka Tare mumajyepfo, Kitabi muburengerazuba, Kamegeri muburasirazuba Kibirizi mumagepfo ndetse mumurenge wa Uwinkingi . '''<u>utugali tugize umurenge wa Gasaka</u>''' Ugizwe Kandi nutugari dutanu aritwo Gasaka, Nyamugari, Ngiryi, Gatovu na Nyarusange. Imidugudu makumyabiri nirindwi(27) . Abaturajye baho bakora imirimo myinshi yibanda Kubuhinzi nubworozi, bitewe nuko ari kamwe muduce twicyaro INKOMOKO 1.nyamagabe.gov.rw 2qqxifvt6m0k2brbhoydezxjzv723mm 130440 130424 2026-04-17T15:15:58Z B.Scalling 15089 130440 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:NyamagabeDist.png|thumb|Aho umurenge wa Gasaka mu karere ka Nyamagabe |356x356px]] [[Dosiye:Hills_of_Nyamagabe_in_Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Imisozi ituweho n'abaturage ba Nyamagabe mu Rwanda|356x356px]] '''Umurenge wa Gasaka''' ni umwe mu mirenge icumi ni rindwi igize akarere ka Nyamagabe.Ni umwe mu mirenge yegereye ishyamba rya kimeza rya Nyungwe rizwi cyane mubukerarugendo. Umurenge wa Gasaka uherereye mu Akarere ka Nyamagabe. Ukaba arinawo ibiro byaka karere biherereyemo . Uyu murenge uhana imbibi nindi mirenge nka Tare mumajyepfo, Kitabi muburengerazuba, Kamegeri muburasirazuba Kibirizi mumagepfo ndetse mumurenge wa Uwinkingi . '''<u>utugali tugize umurenge wa Gasaka</u>''' Ugizwe Kandi nutugari dutanu aritwo Gasaka, Nyamugari, Ngiryi, Gatovu na Nyarusange. Imidugudu makumyabiri nirindwi(27) . Abaturajye baho bakora imirimo myinshi yibanda Kubuhinzi nubworozi, bitewe nuko ari kamwe muduce twicyaro. == Ibikorwa by’Iterambere n’Imibereho Myiza y’Abaturage == Aka gace kagaragaza urugero rw’aho abaturage bageze ku iterambere rishingiye ku bufatanye n’ubukangurambaga bwibanze ku mibereho myiza, isuku, ubuhinzi n’umutekano. === 1. Isuku n’imiturire iteye imbere<ref name=":0">https://kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/nyamagabe-umurenge-wa-gasaka-wegukanye-imodoka-y-igihembo-cy-isuku-n-umutekano</ref> === Abaturage bagize uruhare rukomeye mu guteza imbere isuku aho batuye. Inzu hafi ya zose zaratunganyijwe zirakuringirwa, bigatuma aho batuye hasa neza kandi harangwa isuku ihoraho. Imbuga z’inzu na zo ziratunganijwe ku buryo zigaragara neza kandi zitangiza ibidukikije. === 2. Ubuhinzi bw’imboga n’imbuto<ref name=":0" /> === Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere imirire myiza no kurwanya imirire mibi, abaturage bashishikarijwe kugira uturima tw’imboga mu ngo zabo. Buri rugo rufite nibura ibiti bitatu by’imbuto, bifasha mu kubona indyo yuzuye no kongera umusaruro w’ibiribwa. === 3. Imicungire y’isuku n’imyanda<ref name=":0" /> === Abaturage bakoresha uburyo bwo gukusanya imyanda, harimo gukoresha udutara tw’amasahani, bigafasha mu kugabanya umwanda no kwirinda indwara ziterwa n’isuku nke. Ibi bikorwa bifasha mu kubungabunga ibidukikije no guteza imbere ubuzima bwiza. === 4. Umutekano w’abaturage<ref name=":0" /> === Umutekano ucungwa neza binyuze mu bufatanye bw’abaturage. Bitabira amarondo ya nijoro, bakagira uruhare mu kwicungira umutekano no gukumira ibyaha. Banashakira hamwe ibikoresho bibafasha muri ibyo bikorwa, bigatuma umutekano urushaho kuba mwiza. === 5. Isuku n’imitunganyirize y’udusantere tw’ubucuruzi<ref name=":0" /> === Udusantere tw’ubucuruzi twaratejwe imbere, aho usanga hasukuye kandi hubatswe mu buryo bunoze. Imbuga zaho zashyizwemo amapave, bigafasha mu kwirinda ivumbi n’ibyondo ndetse bikazamura isura y’aho hantu. === 6. Uruhare rw’ibigo by’amashuri n’ubuvuzi<ref name=":0" /> === Ibigo by’amashuri n’ibigo nderabuzima na byo byagize uruhare mu iterambere ry’abaturage. Byitabira ubuhinzi bw’imbuto ndetse no guhinga ibihumyo, hagamijwe guteza imbere imirire no kurwanya igwingira mu bana. === 7. Kurwanya igwingira n’imirire mibi<ref name=":0" /> === Ibikorwa byose byakozwe bifite intego yo guteza imbere ubuzima bwiza bw’abaturage, cyane cyane abana. Guhinga imboga, imbuto n’ibihumyo byabaye igisubizo mu kongera intungamubiri ziboneka mu mirire ya buri munsi. '''INKOMOKO''' qiarha1x4yxrdkqatncss79wghiov5g 130441 130440 2026-04-17T15:18:45Z B.Scalling 15089 130441 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:NyamagabeDist.png|thumb|Aho umurenge wa Gasaka mu karere ka Nyamagabe |356x356px]] [[Dosiye:Hills_of_Nyamagabe_in_Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Imisozi ituweho n'abaturage ba Nyamagabe mu Rwanda|356x356px]] '''Umurenge wa Gasaka'''<ref name=":1">https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/</ref> ni umwe mu mirenge icumi ni rindwi igize akarere ka Nyamagabe.Ni umwe mu mirenge yegereye ishyamba rya kimeza rya Nyungwe rizwi cyane mubukerarugendo. Umurenge wa Gasaka uherereye mu Akarere ka Nyamagabe. Ukaba arinawo ibiro byaka karere biherereyemo . Uyu murenge uhana imbibi nindi mirenge nka Tare mumajyepfo, Kitabi muburengerazuba, Kamegeri muburasirazuba Kibirizi mumagepfo ndetse mumurenge wa Uwinkingi . '''<u>utugali tugize umurenge wa Gasaka</u>'''<ref name=":1" /> Ugizwe Kandi nutugari dutanu aritwo Gasaka, Nyamugari, Ngiryi, Gatovu na Nyarusange. Imidugudu makumyabiri nirindwi(27) . Abaturajye baho bakora imirimo myinshi yibanda Kubuhinzi nubworozi, bitewe nuko ari kamwe muduce twicyaro. == Ibikorwa by’Iterambere n’Imibereho Myiza y’Abaturage == Aka gace kagaragaza urugero rw’aho abaturage bageze ku iterambere rishingiye ku bufatanye n’ubukangurambaga bwibanze ku mibereho myiza, isuku, ubuhinzi n’umutekano. === 1. Isuku n’imiturire iteye imbere<ref name=":0">https://kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/nyamagabe-umurenge-wa-gasaka-wegukanye-imodoka-y-igihembo-cy-isuku-n-umutekano</ref> === Abaturage bagize uruhare rukomeye mu guteza imbere isuku aho batuye. Inzu hafi ya zose zaratunganyijwe zirakuringirwa, bigatuma aho batuye hasa neza kandi harangwa isuku ihoraho. Imbuga z’inzu na zo ziratunganijwe ku buryo zigaragara neza kandi zitangiza ibidukikije. === 2. Ubuhinzi bw’imboga n’imbuto<ref name=":0" /> === Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere imirire myiza no kurwanya imirire mibi, abaturage bashishikarijwe kugira uturima tw’imboga mu ngo zabo. Buri rugo rufite nibura ibiti bitatu by’imbuto, bifasha mu kubona indyo yuzuye no kongera umusaruro w’ibiribwa. === 3. Imicungire y’isuku n’imyanda<ref name=":0" /> === Abaturage bakoresha uburyo bwo gukusanya imyanda, harimo gukoresha udutara tw’amasahani, bigafasha mu kugabanya umwanda no kwirinda indwara ziterwa n’isuku nke. Ibi bikorwa bifasha mu kubungabunga ibidukikije no guteza imbere ubuzima bwiza. === 4. Umutekano w’abaturage<ref name=":0" /> === Umutekano ucungwa neza binyuze mu bufatanye bw’abaturage. Bitabira amarondo ya nijoro, bakagira uruhare mu kwicungira umutekano no gukumira ibyaha. Banashakira hamwe ibikoresho bibafasha muri ibyo bikorwa, bigatuma umutekano urushaho kuba mwiza. === 5. Isuku n’imitunganyirize y’udusantere tw’ubucuruzi<ref name=":0" /> === Udusantere tw’ubucuruzi twaratejwe imbere, aho usanga hasukuye kandi hubatswe mu buryo bunoze. Imbuga zaho zashyizwemo amapave, bigafasha mu kwirinda ivumbi n’ibyondo ndetse bikazamura isura y’aho hantu. === 6. Uruhare rw’ibigo by’amashuri n’ubuvuzi<ref name=":0" /> === Ibigo by’amashuri n’ibigo nderabuzima na byo byagize uruhare mu iterambere ry’abaturage. Byitabira ubuhinzi bw’imbuto ndetse no guhinga ibihumyo, hagamijwe guteza imbere imirire no kurwanya igwingira mu bana. === 7. Kurwanya igwingira n’imirire mibi<ref name=":0" /> === Ibikorwa byose byakozwe bifite intego yo guteza imbere ubuzima bwiza bw’abaturage, cyane cyane abana. Guhinga imboga, imbuto n’ibihumyo byabaye igisubizo mu kongera intungamubiri ziboneka mu mirire ya buri munsi. '''INKOMOKO''' 6he4esoogr8n26h98lay2hdgi1s4jcr 130455 130441 2026-04-17T15:50:34Z B.Scalling 15089 gushyiramo databox 130455 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:NyamagabeDist.png|thumb|Aho umurenge wa Gasaka mu karere ka Nyamagabe |356x356px]] [[Dosiye:Hills_of_Nyamagabe_in_Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Imisozi ituweho n'abaturage ba Nyamagabe mu Rwanda|356x356px]]{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q65450557|useImage=[[File:Site touristique ku gasaka ka inarunyonga.jpg|Site touristique ku gasaka ka inarunyonga]]}} '''Umurenge wa Gasaka'''<ref name=":1">https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/</ref> ni umwe mu mirenge icumi ni rindwi igize akarere ka Nyamagabe.Ni umwe mu mirenge yegereye ishyamba rya kimeza rya Nyungwe rizwi cyane mubukerarugendo. Umurenge wa Gasaka uherereye mu Akarere ka Nyamagabe. Ukaba arinawo ibiro byaka karere biherereyemo . Uyu murenge uhana imbibi nindi mirenge nka Tare mumajyepfo, Kitabi muburengerazuba, Kamegeri muburasirazuba Kibirizi mumagepfo ndetse mumurenge wa Uwinkingi . '''<u>utugali tugize umurenge wa Gasaka</u>'''<ref name=":1" /> Ugizwe Kandi nutugari dutanu aritwo Gasaka, Nyamugari, Ngiryi, Gatovu na Nyarusange. Imidugudu makumyabiri nirindwi(27) . Abaturajye baho bakora imirimo myinshi yibanda Kubuhinzi nubworozi, bitewe nuko ari kamwe muduce twicyaro. == Ibikorwa by’Iterambere n’Imibereho Myiza y’Abaturage == Aka gace kagaragaza urugero rw’aho abaturage bageze ku iterambere rishingiye ku bufatanye n’ubukangurambaga bwibanze ku mibereho myiza, isuku, ubuhinzi n’umutekano. === 1. Isuku n’imiturire iteye imbere<ref name=":0">https://kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-rwanda/article/nyamagabe-umurenge-wa-gasaka-wegukanye-imodoka-y-igihembo-cy-isuku-n-umutekano</ref> === Abaturage bagize uruhare rukomeye mu guteza imbere isuku aho batuye. Inzu hafi ya zose zaratunganyijwe zirakuringirwa, bigatuma aho batuye hasa neza kandi harangwa isuku ihoraho. Imbuga z’inzu na zo ziratunganijwe ku buryo zigaragara neza kandi zitangiza ibidukikije. === 2. Ubuhinzi bw’imboga n’imbuto<ref name=":0" /> === Mu rwego rwo guteza imbere imirire myiza no kurwanya imirire mibi, abaturage bashishikarijwe kugira uturima tw’imboga mu ngo zabo. Buri rugo rufite nibura ibiti bitatu by’imbuto, bifasha mu kubona indyo yuzuye no kongera umusaruro w’ibiribwa. === 3. Imicungire y’isuku n’imyanda<ref name=":0" /> === Abaturage bakoresha uburyo bwo gukusanya imyanda, harimo gukoresha udutara tw’amasahani, bigafasha mu kugabanya umwanda no kwirinda indwara ziterwa n’isuku nke. Ibi bikorwa bifasha mu kubungabunga ibidukikije no guteza imbere ubuzima bwiza. === 4. Umutekano w’abaturage<ref name=":0" /> === Umutekano ucungwa neza binyuze mu bufatanye bw’abaturage. Bitabira amarondo ya nijoro, bakagira uruhare mu kwicungira umutekano no gukumira ibyaha. Banashakira hamwe ibikoresho bibafasha muri ibyo bikorwa, bigatuma umutekano urushaho kuba mwiza. === 5. Isuku n’imitunganyirize y’udusantere tw’ubucuruzi<ref name=":0" /> === Udusantere tw’ubucuruzi twaratejwe imbere, aho usanga hasukuye kandi hubatswe mu buryo bunoze. Imbuga zaho zashyizwemo amapave, bigafasha mu kwirinda ivumbi n’ibyondo ndetse bikazamura isura y’aho hantu. === 6. Uruhare rw’ibigo by’amashuri n’ubuvuzi<ref name=":0" /> === Ibigo by’amashuri n’ibigo nderabuzima na byo byagize uruhare mu iterambere ry’abaturage. Byitabira ubuhinzi bw’imbuto ndetse no guhinga ibihumyo, hagamijwe guteza imbere imirire no kurwanya igwingira mu bana. === 7. Kurwanya igwingira n’imirire mibi<ref name=":0" /> === Ibikorwa byose byakozwe bifite intego yo guteza imbere ubuzima bwiza bw’abaturage, cyane cyane abana. Guhinga imboga, imbuto n’ibihumyo byabaye igisubizo mu kongera intungamubiri ziboneka mu mirire ya buri munsi. '''INKOMOKO''' mhvweu5qd7eep83reg6pwzcaurqhmkl 0 8457 130470 130334 2026-04-17T16:59:10Z Niyigaba.05 17909 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 130470 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Kamonyi.jpg|thumb|Kamonyi iherere muri mu ntara y'amajyepfo ]] Intara y'Amajyepfo nimwe mu ntara enye numugi wakigali ziguze u [[Rwanda]]<ref>https://www.southernprovince.gov.rw/</ref>. Igizwe nibyahoze ari intara ya [[Butare]],Gikongoro, na Gitarama <ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://www.southernprovince.gov.rw/index.php?id=20&L=tziwxcudntgvxpu |accessdate=2020-09-27 |archive-date=2020-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027130048/https://www.southernprovince.gov.rw/index.php?id=20&L=tziwxcudntgvxpu |deadurl=yes }}</ref> [[File:Rwanda SouthProvDists.png|alt=Ikarita y'Intara y'Amajyepfo y' u Rwanda|thumb|617x617px|Ikarita y'Intara y'Amajyepfo y' u Rwanda]] ubu ikaba igizwe n uturere dutandukanye aritwo [[Akarere ka Nyanza|Nyanza]], Gisagara , Nyaruguru ,[[Akarere ka Nyamagabe|Nyamagabe]] ,muhanga Ruhango, kamonyi na Huye === Aho Iherereye === Mu majyepfo : Burundi mu majyaruguru: [[Kigali|Umujyi wa Kigali]] iburengerazuba : [[Intara y'Uburengerazuba|Intara y'uburengerazuba]] Iburasirazuba : [[Intara y'Iburasirazuba|Intara y'uburasirazuba]] ==== Uturere tugize intara ==== 1[[Akarere ka Gisagara|.Akarere ka Gisagara]] 2. [[Akarere ka Huye]] 3. [[Akarere ka Kamonyi]] 4. [[Akarere ka Muhanga]] 5.[[Akarere ka Nyamagabe]] 6.[[Akarere ka Nyanza]] 7. [[Akarere ka Nyaruguru]] 8. [[Akarere ka Ruhango]] ==== Ihuza ryo hanze ==== j1cnguyk8rpyi4qpmxk2gqimi8vyk8z 0 8550 130483 122357 2026-04-17T20:44:37Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130483 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nyamata''' n'umujyi uri mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba [[Rwanda|bw'u Rwanda]] . Nyamata ijambo ku rindi risobanura "ahantu h'amata" bivuye mu [[Dosiye:RW_Nyamata_(2).jpg|thumb|RW Nyamata (2)|299x299px]] magambo abiri ya [[Ikinyarwanda|Kinyarwanda]] "nya-" (ya) na "amata" (amata). [[Dosiye:Palast_Rock_Hotel_located_in_Nyamata,_Bugesera_District.jpg|thumb|Imwe muri hoteli nziza ziri mu mujyi wa Nyamata mu Karere ka Bugesera|294x294px]] == Aho iherereye == Nyamata iherereye mu [[Akarere ka Bugesera|Karere ka Bugesera]], [[Intara y’Iburasirazuba|Intara y'Iburasirazuba]], mu majyepfo ya [[Kigali]], [[Umurwa|umurwa mukuru]] w'igihugu n'umujyi munini mu gihugu. Aho iherereye ni 39 kilometres (24 mi), kumuhanda, mumajyepfo ya [[Kigali]] . == Amateka == Ntabwo bizwi neza ibyabereye muri kariya karere mbere ya 1900. Mu 1900 ariko, habaye intambara hagati y'Ubwami bw'u Rwanda-Rwagasabo na Cyirima nk'Umwami, n'Ubwami bwa Bugesera Umwami we yari Nsoro. Bugesera yatsinze intambara, Nsoro yigarurira Cyirima ariko ntiyamwica cyangwa ngo agire ifasi y'u Rwanda-Rwagasabo. Nsoro amaze gupfa umuhungu we Ruganzu Ndori yabaye Umwami. Ruganzu Ndori yari [[umwami]] wa nyuma wa Bugesera, yapfuye mu 1962 igihe u Rwanda rwaba repubulika. == Incamake == [[File:Exterior_of_Catholic_Church_Genocide_Site_-_Nyamata_-_Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Inyuma y’urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kiliziya Gatolika|372x372px]] Nyamata n'umujyi muto mu Karere ka Bugesera, mu Rwanda. Ikibuga cy’indege gishya, ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Bugesera, kirimo kubakwa, kuva muri Kanama 2017, biteganijwe ko ibyiciro bya mbere bizarangira muri 2019. Umujyi kandi niho Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata . Urwibutso ruherereye aho [[kiliziya Gatolika]] ya Paruwasi ya Nyamata yahoze ihagaze, irimo ibisigazwa by’abantu barenga 45.000 bahohotewe na jenoside, hafi ya bose bakaba bari [[abatutsi]], barimo abarenga 10,000 biciwe muri iryo torero ubwaryo. == Abaturage == Ibarura rusange ry’abaturage ryo ku ya 15 Kanama 2012, abaturage ba Nyamata bari 34.922. == Ingingo zishimishije == Ingingo zikurikira inyungu ziri mu mujyi cyangwa hafi y'imbibi y' umujyi: (a) Nyamata urwibutso rwa Jenoside, (b) mu biro Nyamata Inama Town, (c) [[Nyamata]] hagati isoko (d) ishami rya [[Banki ya Kigali]], (e) ishami rya Banki ya Urwego Opportunity na (f) Ikibuga cy'indege mpuzamahanga cya Bugesera, hafi y'umujyi wa Rilima . == Reba kandi == * [[Akarere ka Bugesera]] * [[Banki ya Kigali|Bank of Kigali]] * Urwego Amahirwe Banki == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.easternprovince.gov.rw/index.php Urubuga rw'Intara y'Iburasirazuba, u Rwanda (Kinyarwanda) & (Icyongereza)] * [https://www.theguardian.com/world/ng-interactive/2014/jul/04/-sp-rwanda-genocide-nyamata-liberation-day-photography Ishusho y'urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata] 395pehuapstze42adacmrxmu790a39m 130484 130483 2026-04-17T20:45:34Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130484 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nyamata''' n'umujyi uri mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba [[Rwanda|bw'u Rwanda]] . Nyamata ijambo ku rindi risobanura "ahantu h'amata" bivuye mu [[Dosiye:RW_Nyamata_(2).jpg|thumb|RW Nyamata (2)|299x299px]] magambo abiri ya [[Ikinyarwanda|Kinyarwanda]] "nya-" (ya) na "amata" (amata). [[Dosiye:Palast_Rock_Hotel_located_in_Nyamata,_Bugesera_District.jpg|thumb|Imwe muri hoteli nziza ziri mu mujyi wa Nyamata mu Karere ka Bugesera|294x294px]] == Aho iherereye == Nyamata iherereye mu [[Akarere ka Bugesera|Karere ka Bugesera]], [[Intara y’Iburasirazuba|Intara y'Iburasirazuba]], mu majyepfo ya [[Kigali]], [[Umurwa|umurwa mukuru]] w'igihugu n'umujyi munini mu gihugu. Aho iherereye ni 39 kilometres (24 mi), kumuhanda, mumajyepfo ya [[Kigali]] . == Amateka == Ntabwo bizwi neza ibyabereye muri kariya karere mbere ya 1900. Mu 1900 ariko, habaye intambara hagati y'Ubwami bw'u [[Rwanda]]-Rwagasabo na Cyirima nk'Umwami, n'Ubwami bwa Bugesera Umwami we yari Nsoro. Bugesera yatsinze intambara, Nsoro yigarurira Cyirima ariko ntiyamwica cyangwa ngo agire ifasi y'u Rwanda-Rwagasabo. Nsoro amaze gupfa umuhungu we Ruganzu Ndori yabaye Umwami. Ruganzu Ndori yari [[umwami]] wa nyuma wa Bugesera, yapfuye mu 1962 igihe u Rwanda rwaba repubulika. == Incamake == [[File:Exterior_of_Catholic_Church_Genocide_Site_-_Nyamata_-_Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Inyuma y’urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kiliziya Gatolika|372x372px]] Nyamata n'umujyi muto mu Karere ka Bugesera, mu Rwanda. Ikibuga cy’indege gishya, ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Bugesera, kirimo kubakwa, kuva muri Kanama 2017, biteganijwe ko ibyiciro bya mbere bizarangira muri 2019. Umujyi kandi niho Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata . Urwibutso ruherereye aho [[kiliziya Gatolika]] ya Paruwasi ya Nyamata yahoze ihagaze, irimo ibisigazwa by’abantu barenga 45.000 bahohotewe na jenoside, hafi ya bose bakaba bari [[abatutsi]], barimo abarenga 10,000 biciwe muri iryo torero ubwaryo. == Abaturage == Ibarura rusange ry’abaturage ryo ku ya 15 Kanama 2012, abaturage ba Nyamata bari 34.922. == Ingingo zishimishije == Ingingo zikurikira inyungu ziri mu mujyi cyangwa hafi y'imbibi y' umujyi: (a) Nyamata urwibutso rwa Jenoside, (b) mu biro Nyamata Inama Town, (c) [[Nyamata]] hagati isoko (d) ishami rya [[Banki ya Kigali]], (e) ishami rya Banki ya Urwego Opportunity na (f) Ikibuga cy'indege mpuzamahanga cya Bugesera, hafi y'umujyi wa Rilima . == Reba kandi == * [[Akarere ka Bugesera]] * [[Banki ya Kigali|Bank of Kigali]] * Urwego Amahirwe Banki == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.easternprovince.gov.rw/index.php Urubuga rw'Intara y'Iburasirazuba, u Rwanda (Kinyarwanda) & (Icyongereza)] * [https://www.theguardian.com/world/ng-interactive/2014/jul/04/-sp-rwanda-genocide-nyamata-liberation-day-photography Ishusho y'urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata] 1tenuveemz06v59ev0zsn0ulcsj4xv8 130485 130484 2026-04-17T20:46:17Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130485 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nyamata''' n'umujyi uri mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba [[Rwanda|bw'u Rwanda]] . Nyamata ijambo ku rindi risobanura "ahantu h'amata" bivuye mu [[Dosiye:RW_Nyamata_(2).jpg|thumb|RW Nyamata (2)|299x299px]] magambo abiri ya [[Ikinyarwanda|Kinyarwanda]] "nya-" (ya) na "amata" (amata). [[Dosiye:Palast_Rock_Hotel_located_in_Nyamata,_Bugesera_District.jpg|thumb|Imwe muri hoteli nziza ziri mu mujyi wa Nyamata mu Karere ka Bugesera|294x294px]] == Aho iherereye == [[Nyamata]] iherereye mu [[Akarere ka Bugesera|Karere ka Bugesera]], [[Intara y’Iburasirazuba|Intara y'Iburasirazuba]], mu majyepfo ya [[Kigali]], [[Umurwa|umurwa mukuru]] w'igihugu n'umujyi munini mu gihugu. Aho iherereye ni 39 kilometres (24 mi), kumuhanda, mumajyepfo ya [[Kigali]] . == Amateka == Ntabwo bizwi neza ibyabereye muri kariya karere mbere ya 1900. Mu 1900 ariko, habaye intambara hagati y'Ubwami bw'u [[Rwanda]]-Rwagasabo na Cyirima nk'Umwami, n'Ubwami bwa Bugesera Umwami we yari Nsoro. Bugesera yatsinze intambara, Nsoro yigarurira Cyirima ariko ntiyamwica cyangwa ngo agire ifasi y'u Rwanda-Rwagasabo. Nsoro amaze gupfa umuhungu we Ruganzu Ndori yabaye Umwami. Ruganzu Ndori yari [[umwami]] wa nyuma wa Bugesera, yapfuye mu 1962 igihe u Rwanda rwaba repubulika. == Incamake == [[File:Exterior_of_Catholic_Church_Genocide_Site_-_Nyamata_-_Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Inyuma y’urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kiliziya Gatolika|372x372px]] Nyamata n'umujyi muto mu Karere ka Bugesera, mu Rwanda. Ikibuga cy’indege gishya, ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Bugesera, kirimo kubakwa, kuva muri Kanama 2017, biteganijwe ko ibyiciro bya mbere bizarangira muri 2019. Umujyi kandi niho Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata . Urwibutso ruherereye aho [[kiliziya Gatolika]] ya Paruwasi ya Nyamata yahoze ihagaze, irimo ibisigazwa by’abantu barenga 45.000 bahohotewe na jenoside, hafi ya bose bakaba bari [[abatutsi]], barimo abarenga 10,000 biciwe muri iryo torero ubwaryo. == Abaturage == Ibarura rusange ry’abaturage ryo ku ya 15 Kanama 2012, abaturage ba Nyamata bari 34.922. == Ingingo zishimishije == Ingingo zikurikira inyungu ziri mu mujyi cyangwa hafi y'imbibi y' umujyi: (a) Nyamata urwibutso rwa Jenoside, (b) mu biro Nyamata Inama Town, (c) [[Nyamata]] hagati isoko (d) ishami rya [[Banki ya Kigali]], (e) ishami rya Banki ya Urwego Opportunity na (f) Ikibuga cy'indege mpuzamahanga cya Bugesera, hafi y'umujyi wa Rilima . == Reba kandi == * [[Akarere ka Bugesera]] * [[Banki ya Kigali|Bank of Kigali]] * Urwego Amahirwe Banki == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.easternprovince.gov.rw/index.php Urubuga rw'Intara y'Iburasirazuba, u Rwanda (Kinyarwanda) & (Icyongereza)] * [https://www.theguardian.com/world/ng-interactive/2014/jul/04/-sp-rwanda-genocide-nyamata-liberation-day-photography Ishusho y'urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata] ebmdi5umcyb9fzqcidxyqrroqzris91 130486 130485 2026-04-17T20:47:25Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130486 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nyamata''' n'umujyi uri mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba [[Rwanda|bw'u Rwanda]] . Nyamata ijambo ku rindi risobanura "ahantu h'amata" bivuye mu [[Dosiye:RW_Nyamata_(2).jpg|thumb|umujyi wa Nyamata- Bugesera (2)|299x299px]] magambo abiri ya [[Ikinyarwanda|Kinyarwanda]] "nya-" (ya) na "amata" (amata). [[Dosiye:Palast_Rock_Hotel_located_in_Nyamata,_Bugesera_District.jpg|thumb|Imwe muri hoteli nziza ziri mu mujyi wa Nyamata mu Karere ka Bugesera|294x294px]] == Aho iherereye == [[Nyamata]] iherereye mu [[Akarere ka Bugesera|Karere ka Bugesera]], [[Intara y’Iburasirazuba|Intara y'Iburasirazuba]], mu majyepfo ya [[Kigali]], [[Umurwa|umurwa mukuru]] w'igihugu n'umujyi munini mu gihugu. Aho iherereye ni 39 kilometres (24 mi), kumuhanda, mumajyepfo ya [[Kigali]] . == Amateka == Ntabwo bizwi neza ibyabereye muri kariya karere mbere ya 1900. Mu 1900 ariko, habaye intambara hagati y'Ubwami bw'u [[Rwanda]]-Rwagasabo na Cyirima nk'Umwami, n'Ubwami bwa Bugesera Umwami we yari Nsoro. Bugesera yatsinze intambara, Nsoro yigarurira Cyirima ariko ntiyamwica cyangwa ngo agire ifasi y'u Rwanda-Rwagasabo. Nsoro amaze gupfa umuhungu we Ruganzu Ndori yabaye Umwami. Ruganzu Ndori yari [[umwami]] wa nyuma wa Bugesera, yapfuye mu 1962 igihe u Rwanda rwaba repubulika. == Incamake == [[File:Exterior_of_Catholic_Church_Genocide_Site_-_Nyamata_-_Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Inyuma y’urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kiliziya Gatolika|372x372px]] Nyamata n'umujyi muto mu Karere ka Bugesera, mu Rwanda. Ikibuga cy’indege gishya, ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Bugesera, kirimo kubakwa, kuva muri Kanama 2017, biteganijwe ko ibyiciro bya mbere bizarangira muri 2019. Umujyi kandi niho Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata . Urwibutso ruherereye aho [[kiliziya Gatolika]] ya Paruwasi ya Nyamata yahoze ihagaze, irimo ibisigazwa by’abantu barenga 45.000 bahohotewe na jenoside, hafi ya bose bakaba bari [[abatutsi]], barimo abarenga 10,000 biciwe muri iryo torero ubwaryo. == Abaturage == Ibarura rusange ry’abaturage ryo ku ya 15 Kanama 2012, abaturage ba Nyamata bari 34.922. == Ingingo zishimishije == Ingingo zikurikira inyungu ziri mu mujyi cyangwa hafi y'imbibi y' umujyi: (a) Nyamata urwibutso rwa Jenoside, (b) mu biro Nyamata Inama Town, (c) [[Nyamata]] hagati isoko (d) ishami rya [[Banki ya Kigali]], (e) ishami rya Banki ya Urwego Opportunity na (f) Ikibuga cy'indege mpuzamahanga cya Bugesera, hafi y'umujyi wa Rilima . == Reba kandi == * [[Akarere ka Bugesera]] * [[Banki ya Kigali|Bank of Kigali]] * Urwego Amahirwe Banki == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.easternprovince.gov.rw/index.php Urubuga rw'Intara y'Iburasirazuba, u Rwanda (Kinyarwanda) & (Icyongereza)] * [https://www.theguardian.com/world/ng-interactive/2014/jul/04/-sp-rwanda-genocide-nyamata-liberation-day-photography Ishusho y'urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata] mczs4728g4zj20e5u7srf5a8n0fqjx0 130487 130486 2026-04-17T20:49:36Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130487 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nyamata''' n'umujyi uri mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba [[Rwanda|bw'u Rwanda]] . Nyamata ijambo ku rindi risobanura "ahantu h'amata" bivuye mu [[Dosiye:RW_Nyamata_(2).jpg|thumb|umujyi wa Nyamata- Bugesera (2)|299x299px]] magambo abiri ya [[Ikinyarwanda|Kinyarwanda]] "nya-" (ya) na "amata" (amata). [[Dosiye:Palast_Rock_Hotel_located_in_Nyamata,_Bugesera_District.jpg|thumb|Imwe muri hoteli nziza ziri mu mujyi wa Nyamata mu Karere ka Bugesera|294x294px]] == Aho iherereye == [[Nyamata]] iherereye mu [[Akarere ka Bugesera|Karere ka Bugesera]], [[Intara y’Iburasirazuba|Intara y'Iburasirazuba]], mu majyepfo ya [[Kigali]], [[Umurwa|umurwa mukuru]] w'igihugu n'umujyi munini mu gihugu. Aho iherereye ni 39 kilometres (24 mi), kumuhanda, mumajyepfo ya [[Kigali]] . == Amateka == Ntabwo bizwi neza ibyabereye muri kariya karere mbere ya 1900. Mu 1900 ariko, habaye intambara hagati y'Ubwami bw'u [[Rwanda]]-Rwagasabo na Cyirima nk'Umwami, n'Ubwami bwa Bugesera Umwami we yari Nsoro. Bugesera yatsinze intambara, Nsoro yigarurira Cyirima ariko ntiyamwica cyangwa ngo agire ifasi y'u Rwanda-Rwagasabo. Nsoro amaze gupfa umuhungu we Ruganzu Ndori yabaye Umwami. Ruganzu Ndori yari [[umwami]] wa nyuma wa Bugesera, yapfuye mu 1962 igihe u Rwanda rwaba repubulika. == Incamake == [[File:Exterior_of_Catholic_Church_Genocide_Site_-_Nyamata_-_Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Inyuma y’urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kiliziya Gatolika|372x372px]] Nyamata n'umujyi muto mu Karere ka Bugesera, mu Rwanda. Ikibuga cy’indege gishya, ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Bugesera, kirimo kubakwa, kuva muri Kanama 2017, biteganijwe ko ibyiciro bya mbere bizarangira muri 2019. Umujyi kandi niho Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata . Urwibutso ruherereye aho [[kiliziya Gatolika]] ya Paruwasi ya Nyamata yahoze ihagaze, irimo ibisigazwa by’abantu barenga 45.000 bahohotewe na jenoside, hafi ya bose bakaba bari [[abatutsi]], barimo abarenga 10,000 biciwe muri iryo torero ubwaryo. == Abaturage == Ibarura rusange ry’abaturage ryo ku ya 15 Kanama 2012, abaturage ba [[Nyamata]] bari 34.922. == Ingingo zishimishije == Ingingo zikurikira inyungu ziri mu mujyi cyangwa hafi y'imbibi y' umujyi: (a) Nyamata urwibutso rwa Jenoside, (b) mu biro Nyamata Inama Town, (c) [[Nyamata]] hagati isoko (d) ishami rya [[Banki ya Kigali]], (e) ishami rya Banki ya Urwego Opportunity na (f) Ikibuga cy'indege mpuzamahanga cya Bugesera, hafi y'umujyi wa Rilima . == Reba kandi == * [[Akarere ka Bugesera]] * [[Banki ya Kigali|Bank of Kigali]] * Urwego Amahirwe Banki == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.easternprovince.gov.rw/index.php Urubuga rw'Intara y'Iburasirazuba, u Rwanda (Kinyarwanda) & (Icyongereza)] * [https://www.theguardian.com/world/ng-interactive/2014/jul/04/-sp-rwanda-genocide-nyamata-liberation-day-photography Ishusho y'urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata] ssmpse7b3okobuzo1d1xewkf2xm8n98 130488 130487 2026-04-17T20:51:18Z Niyigaba.05 17909 inyongera 130488 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Nyamata''' n'umujyi uri mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba [[Rwanda|bw'u Rwanda]] . Nyamata ijambo ku rindi risobanura "ahantu h'amata" bivuye mu [[Dosiye:RW_Nyamata_(2).jpg|thumb|umujyi wa Nyamata- Bugesera (2)|299x299px]] magambo abiri ya [[Ikinyarwanda|Kinyarwanda]] "nya-" (ya) na "amata" (amata). [[Dosiye:Palast_Rock_Hotel_located_in_Nyamata,_Bugesera_District.jpg|thumb|Imwe muri hoteli nziza ziri mu mujyi wa Nyamata mu Karere ka Bugesera|294x294px]] == Aho iherereye == [[Nyamata]] iherereye mu [[Akarere ka Bugesera|Karere ka Bugesera]], [[Intara y’Iburasirazuba|Intara y'Iburasirazuba]], mu majyepfo ya [[Kigali]], [[Umurwa|umurwa mukuru]] w'igihugu n'umujyi munini mu gihugu. Aho iherereye ni 39 kilometres (24 mi), kumuhanda, mumajyepfo ya [[Kigali]] . == Amateka == Ntabwo bizwi neza ibyabereye muri kariya karere mbere ya 1900. Mu 1900 ariko, habaye intambara hagati y'Ubwami bw'u [[Rwanda]]-Rwagasabo na Cyirima nk'Umwami, n'Ubwami bwa Bugesera Umwami we yari Nsoro. Bugesera yatsinze intambara, Nsoro yigarurira Cyirima ariko ntiyamwica cyangwa ngo agire ifasi y'u Rwanda-Rwagasabo. Nsoro amaze gupfa umuhungu we Ruganzu Ndori yabaye Umwami. Ruganzu Ndori yari [[umwami]] wa nyuma wa Bugesera, yapfuye mu 1962 igihe u Rwanda rwaba repubulika. == Incamake == [[File:Exterior_of_Catholic_Church_Genocide_Site_-_Nyamata_-_Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Inyuma y’urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kiliziya Gatolika|372x372px]] [[Nyamata]] n'umujyi muto mu Karere ka Bugesera, mu Rwanda. Ikibuga cy’indege gishya, ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Bugesera, kirimo kubakwa, kuva muri Kanama 2017, biteganijwe ko ibyiciro bya mbere bizarangira muri 2019. Umujyi kandi niho Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata . Urwibutso ruherereye aho [[kiliziya Gatolika]] ya Paruwasi ya Nyamata yahoze ihagaze, irimo ibisigazwa by’abantu barenga 45.000 bahohotewe na jenoside, hafi ya bose bakaba bari [[abatutsi]], barimo abarenga 10,000 biciwe muri iryo torero ubwaryo. == Abaturage == Ibarura rusange ry’abaturage ryo ku ya 15 Kanama 2012, abaturage ba [[Nyamata]] bari 34.922. == Ingingo zishimishije == Ingingo zikurikira inyungu ziri mu mujyi cyangwa hafi y'imbibi y' umujyi: (a) Nyamata urwibutso rwa Jenoside, (b) mu biro Nyamata Inama Town, (c) [[Nyamata]] hagati isoko (d) ishami rya [[Banki ya Kigali]], (e) ishami rya Banki ya Urwego Opportunity na (f) Ikibuga cy'indege mpuzamahanga cya Bugesera, hafi y'umujyi wa Rilima . == Reba kandi == * [[Akarere ka Bugesera]] * [[Banki ya Kigali|Bank of Kigali]] * Urwego Amahirwe Banki == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.easternprovince.gov.rw/index.php Urubuga rw'Intara y'Iburasirazuba, u Rwanda (Kinyarwanda) & (Icyongereza)] * [https://www.theguardian.com/world/ng-interactive/2014/jul/04/-sp-rwanda-genocide-nyamata-liberation-day-photography Ishusho y'urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata] 7hxn1dn43e85r6c4df4nkpbkas1jumr 0 8647 130477 127139 2026-04-17T18:31:23Z MUNEZA Florien 17923 Hahinduwe imyandikire 130477 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Bibliothèque_ENIB_-_Espace_Sciences_Humaines_et_Sociales.JPG|thumb|300px|Isomero ry'ibitabo bivuga ku nkuru za Sciences Humaines et Sociales]] [[Dosiye:Portable radio Olympic-401, by Mykola Lebid (1977).jpg|thumb|300px|isakazamajwi]] Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko indirimbo cyangwa umuziki biri mu bintu bishobora kugufasha mu gihe wigunze. Si ukwigunga gusa ahubwo n'iyo waba ufite agahinda gakabije [https://www.linkedin.com/in/honor%C3%A9-biko-104739149?originalSubdomain=rw Honoré Biko] ni we wavuze ati:"Ubuzima bwanjye ntago bwari bworoshye kuva mu bwana, gusa ku rundi ruhande byaje kumfasha ngera aho nkura mba umugabo, nza kujya mu rukundo uneo nakunze umukobwa ku rwego bitigeze bimbaho na rimwe. Gutandukana nawe byari agahinda gakomeye cyane kurusha kamwe nakuriyemo nita ko ari byo byari bigoye kurusha ibindi byose ku isi." Umuziki hari uburyo yafashamo umuntu ukurikije ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Healthline [https://www.healthline.com/health/benefits-of-music#:~:text=Music's%20effects%20on%20the%20body,engaged%20in%20a%20repetitive%20task. ngibi] bimwe mubyo umuziki wafasha: <u>Ubuzima bwo mu mutwe & Amarangamutima Amabwiriza</u>: Umuziki ugabanya urugero rwa cortisol no guhangayika, gufasha abantu gutunganya, kurekura intimba, no gucunga imihangayiko. Ikora nk'uguhunga bishobora guhindura imyumvire no guteza imbere kuruhuka. <u>Ubuzima bw'umubiri</u>: Kumva umuziki biashobora guhindura umuvuduko w'amaraso no guhumeka, kugabanya umunaniro, no kongera kwihangana. Ikoreshwa mu buryo bwo kuvura kugira ngo ifashe mu gucunga ububabare no kugarura kwibuka, cyane cyane ku barwayi bo guta umutwe. <u>Kumenya & Umusaruro Byongerewe</u>: Umuziki utezimbere kwibanda, kwibuka, hamwe nibikorwa by'ubwenge. Itera ubwonko, bushobora gufasha kongera kuba maso no kunoza ibitekerezo mugihe cyakazi cyangwa kwiga. <u>Guhuza Imibereho & Guhuza</u>: Umuziki ukora nka "kole mbonezamubano," ituma abantu bahuza binyuze mu bitaramo cyangwa gucuranga mu matsinda. Ifasha kugabanya irungu kandi ikomeza umuryango. <u>Iterambere ry'umuntu</u>: Kwiga gucuranga bitera indero, kwihangana, no kwihangana. iz3a0sutlheva688zz5qpxufqt59f7u 0 8892 130473 130337 2026-04-17T17:41:56Z B.Scalling 15089 130473 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Kigali Genocide Memorial site.jpg|thumb|urwibutso Rwa Kigali]] [[File:Kigali Memorial Centre 7.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Kigali]] [[Dosiye:Kigali Genocide Memorial.jpg|thumb|urwibutso rwa Kigali]] [[Dosiye:Rwandan Genocide Murambi skulls.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso]]{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q6405906|useImage=Kigali Genocide Memorial}} '''Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali''' ni ikigo kibitse imibiri y'abatutsi barenga 250,000 bishwe muri jenocide yakorewe abatutsi muwi 1994. Ibi nibyo bishingirwaho bihamya ko [[Jenoside mu Rwanda]] yari umugambi wateguwe ndetse ugashyirwa mu bikorwa. Iki kigo cyashyizweho kugirango genocide itazongera kubaho ukundi ndetse n' abashyitsi n’abanyeshuri bifuza kumva no kumenya ibyabaye mbere na nyuma ya [[Jenoside mu Rwanda|Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda]] mu 1994. Uru ni urwibutso ruhoraho ku baguye muri jenoside kandi hakaba ari ahantu ababuze ababo bashobora gushyingura imiryango yabo n'inshuti zabo. Iki Ikigo gicungwa kandi kiyobowe na Aegis Trust mu izina rya komisiyo y'igihugu ishinzwe kurwanya jenoside (CNLG). == Aho iherereye == Urwibutso ndetse ari nayo nzu ibitse amateka iri ku [[Akarere ka Gasabo|Gisozi]] nk' iminota icumi uvuye hagati mu mugi wa Kigali. <ref name="kgm">[http://www.kgm.rw/ Kigali Genocide Memorial], KGM.rw, Retrieved 2 March 2016</ref> == Amavu n'amavuko == Muri Mata 1994, raporo z’ubwicanyi bwibasiye imbaga mu Rwanda zatangiye kwandikwa no gukwirakwizwa ku isi yose. Hakozwe bike kugirango jenoside ihagarare mu Rwanda. Ku bantu bo hanze, itsembabwoko ryagaragajwe nk'ihohoterwa rishingiye ku moko, abatutsi bishwe n'Abahutu. Umubare wabantu bishwe mubyukuri ntushobora kumenyekana; ibigereranyo bitandukanye bigaragaza hagati ya 500.000 na miliyoni Irenga. Umubare w'abantu bishwe wemejwe ko ari hafi ya 800.000 bishwe mu gihe k'iminsi ijana jenocide yamaze iri gukorwa<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/hagaragaye-imibare-mishya-y-abishwe-muri-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi</ref> . == Amateka == [[File:Skull_and_Belongings_of_Genocide_Victims_-_Genocide_Memorial_Center_-_Kigali_-_Rwanda.jpg|thumb| Ibimenyetso simusiga by'abazize Jenoside muri iki kigo]] Mu 2000, Njyanama y'Umujyi wa [[Kigali]] yatangiye umurimo wo kubaka iyi nyubako, amaherezo yagombaga guhinduka Urwibutso. Aegis Trust yaratumiwe kugirango ifashe iki cyifuzo cyikigo kibe impamo. Aegis Trust noneho yatangiye gukusanya amakuru aturutse kwisi yose kugirango ikore Ibishushanyo bitatu mbonera kuri iyi nzu<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=116 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608115900/https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=116 |archive-date=2021-06-08 |access-date=2021-06-08}}</ref>. Buri gishushanyo cyasohowe mu ndimi eshatu, byatunganirijwe mu gihugu cy' U [[Ubwongereza|Bwongereza]] ku cyicaro gikuru cya Aegis n'itsinda ryabo ryashushanyaga, hanyuma byoherezwa mu [[Rwanda]] kugira ngo ishyirwe mu bikorwa<ref>https://aegistrust.enthuse.com/profile</ref>. Uru rwibutso ni kimwe mu bigo bitandatu bikomeye byo mu [[Rwanda]] bifasha mu kwibuka jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu [[Rwanda]]. Ibindi ni Urwibutso rwa Murambi, Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero, n’Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Ntarama hamwe na [[Nyamata]] na Nyarubuye. <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> Imibiri y'abazize jenocide yazanywe muri uru rwibutso ivanywe mu murwa mukuru wose nyuma yo gusigara mu muhanda cyangwa gutabwa mu ruzi. Bashyinguwe hamwe bangana 100.000. Urwibutso rwafunguwe mu 1999. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=81&L=1 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-08 |archive-date=2021-06-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630071047/https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=81&L=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Iki kigo cyatangiye igihe Inama Njyanama y’Umujyi wa [[Kigali]] na Komisiyo y’[[igihugu]] y’u [[Rwanda]] ishinzwe kurwanya Jenoside bafatanyaga n'umuryango wo mu Bwongereza ushinzwe gukumira jenoside witwa Aegis Trust mu gufungura ikigo cy’Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa [[Kigali]]. Muri Mata 2004, ku isabukuru y'imyaka 10 jenoside ishegeshe u [[Rwanda]], hafunguwe urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa [[Kigali]]. Igisubizo cy’abacitse ku icumu rya jenoside ku ishyirwaho kwiki kigo nticyari giteganijwe. Mu cyumweru cya mbere, abarokotse barenga 1.500 basuye buri munsi iki kigo. Mu mezi atatu ya mbere iki kigo cyafunguwemo, abantu bagera ku 60.000 baturutse mu nzego zitandukanye barahasuye. Abashyitsi barenga 7,000 bari baturutse mu mahanga. == Ikigo == Iki kigo cyashyizweho nk'Urwibutso, ariko kandi gisobanura amateka yu [[Rwanda]] rwabanjirije iki gikorwa. ugereranyije nizindi nzibutso zitandukanye kwisi harimo nko mu [[Ubudage|Budage]], [[Ubuyapani]], [[Kambodiya|Kamboje]], na [[Bosiniya na Herizegovina|Bosiniya]] . Bitandukanye n’inkambi zahoze zikoranyirizwagamo imfungwa ahitwa Auschwitz Birkenau, urwibutso rwa Gisozi rurimo ibisigazwa by’abantu n’ibikoresho n’intwaro byakoreshejwe mu gusenya no kwica bagenzi babo. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://imvahonshya.co.rw/menya-amateka-yurwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-gisozi/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-08 |archive-date=2021-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608122648/http://imvahonshya.co.rw/menya-amateka-yurwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-gisozi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Igorofa yo hejuru yiki kigo irimo aho bakorera imurikagurisha hatatu hahoraho, amashusho menshi agaragaza itsembabwoko ryabaye mu 1994, agafasha mu kwerekana amateka mabi yaranze U [[Rwanda]]. ahabanza hari urwibutso rw'abana, hamwe namafoto y'ubuzima bwabo, aherekejwe nibisobanuro byimbitse kubyerekeye ibikinisho bakundaga, amagambo yabo yanyuma nuburyo bishwe. Ahandi uhasanga kandi imurikagurisha ku mateka y’ihohoterwa ryakozwe muri jenoside ku isi. Ahandi hagizwe nikigo cy’Uburezi aho bigishiriza amateka, Ubusitani bw’Urwibutso n’ikigo cy’igihugu cyita ku nyandiko za Jenoside zigira uruhare mu guha icyubahiro abapfuye kandi zagizwe igikoresho gikomeye cy’uburezi ku gisekuru kizaza. Urwibutso rwa [[Kigali]] ni mpuzamahanga. cyakira ingeri zose zabantu kandi gifite akamaro mu buryo mpuzamahanga, kigenewe kurinda no guhangana n’ibibazo mpuzamahanga byibasira inyoko muntu. [[Dosiye:Kigali Genocide Memorial (6817416143).jpg|thumb|kigali memorial site ]] Imishinga ya Audiovisual na GPS y'inyandiko yerekana kandi igatanga ubuhamya bwabacitse ku icumu no kwandika inzira y'inkiko Gacaca . Urwibutso rwagize abashyitsi ibihumbi magana birenga. Urwibutso rusozwa n’ibice byerekana uko u [[Rwanda]] rwashakishije ubutabera binyuze mu rukiko mpuzamahanga rwa Arusha ndetse n’inkiko zacu zihariye za Gacaca (inkiko gakondo ziyobowe n'abakuru b'imidugudu). Urugendo rwamajwi rurimo amateka y'ubukoroni bwafashwe nk'intandaro yo kubiba amacakubiri mu Rwanda narwo ruboneka muri iki kigo. Kandi uko gusura bigenda bitera imbere, imurikagurisha rigenda rikomera, niko abashyitsi bumva ’ibyaha byabereye hano no gukwirakwiza ubuhamya bwa videwo ku barokotse jenocide. Komisiyo yaturutse mu Nama Njyanama y'Umujyi wa [[Kigali]] yagombaga guteza imbere urwibutso, aho abazize jenoside bagera ku 250.000 bashyinguwe mu mva rusange mu kigo cy’urwibutso n’imurikagurisha rihoraho hagamijwe inyungu z’abacitse ku icumu n’urubyiruko. Aegis Trust icunga Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa [[Kigali]] kandi ikaruteza imbere nk'ishuri ry’uburezi ku rubyiruko rwejo hazaza. == Reba ==  <references /> == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.kgm.rw/ Urubuga rwa Urwibutso rwa Jenoside] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200720072109/http://www.genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/ Ububiko bwa Jenoside yo mu Rwanda] * [http://www.aegistrust.org Icyizere cya Aegis] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131228141350/http://www.kigaligenocidememorial.org/old/centre/index.html Urwibutso rwa Kigali] [[Category:Akarere ka Gasabo]] [[Category:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] [[Category:Kigali]] [[Category:Rwanda]] [[Category:Urwibutso]] rc64uqnm9yais1a48g7kmbl7izkr1d5 130495 130473 2026-04-18T07:06:07Z B.Scalling 15089 Imyandikire 130495 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Kigali Genocide Memorial site.jpg|thumb|urwibutso Rwa Kigali]] [[File:Kigali Memorial Centre 7.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Kigali]] [[Dosiye:Kigali Genocide Memorial.jpg|thumb|urwibutso rwa Kigali]] [[Dosiye:Rwandan Genocide Murambi skulls.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso]]{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q6405906|useImage=Kigali Genocide Memorial}} '''Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali''' ni ikigo kibitse imibiri y'abatutsi barenga 250,000 bishwe muri jenocide yakorewe abatutsi muwi 1994. Ibi nibyo bishingirwaho bihamya ko [[Jenoside mu Rwanda]] yari umugambi wateguwe ndetse ugashyirwa mu bikorwa. Iki kigo cyashyizweho kugirango genocide itazongera kubaho ukundi ndetse n' abashyitsi n’abanyeshuri bifuza kumva no kumenya ibyabaye mbere na nyuma ya [[Jenoside mu Rwanda|Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda]] mu 1994. Uru ni urwibutso ruhoraho ku baguye muri jenoside kandi hakaba ari ahantu ababuze ababo bashobora gushyingura imiryango yabo n'inshuti zabo. Iki Ikigo gicungwa kandi kiyobowe na Aegis Trust mu izina rya komisiyo y'igihugu ishinzwe kurwanya jenoside (CNLG). == Aho ruherereye == Urwibutso ndetse ari nayo nzu ibitse amateka iri ku [[Akarere ka Gasabo|Gisozi]] nk' iminota icumi uvuye hagati mu mugi wa Kigali. <ref name="kgm">[http://www.kgm.rw/ Kigali Genocide Memorial], KGM.rw, Retrieved 2 March 2016</ref> == Amavu n'amavuko == Muri Mata 1994, raporo z’ubwicanyi bwibasiye imbaga mu Rwanda zatangiye kwandikwa no gukwirakwizwa ku isi yose. Hakozwe bike kugirango jenoside ihagarare mu Rwanda. Ku bantu bo hanze, itsembabwoko ryagaragajwe nk'ihohoterwa rishingiye ku moko, abatutsi bishwe n'Abahutu. Umubare wabantu bishwe mubyukuri ntushobora kumenyekana; ibigereranyo bitandukanye bigaragaza hagati ya 500.000 na miliyoni Irenga. Umubare w'abantu bishwe wemejwe ko ari hafi ya 800.000 bishwe mu gihe k'iminsi ijana jenocide yamaze iri gukorwa<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/hagaragaye-imibare-mishya-y-abishwe-muri-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi</ref> . == Amateka == [[File:Skull_and_Belongings_of_Genocide_Victims_-_Genocide_Memorial_Center_-_Kigali_-_Rwanda.jpg|thumb| Ibimenyetso simusiga by'abazize Jenoside muri iki kigo]] Mu 2000, Njyanama y'Umujyi wa [[Kigali]] yatangiye umurimo wo kubaka iyi nyubako, amaherezo yagombaga guhinduka Urwibutso. Aegis Trust yaratumiwe kugirango ifashe iki cyifuzo cyikigo kibe impamo. Aegis Trust noneho yatangiye gukusanya amakuru aturutse kwisi yose kugirango ikore Ibishushanyo bitatu mbonera kuri iyi nzu<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=116 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608115900/https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=116 |archive-date=2021-06-08 |access-date=2021-06-08}}</ref>. Buri gishushanyo cyasohowe mu ndimi eshatu, byatunganirijwe mu gihugu cy' U [[Ubwongereza|Bwongereza]] ku cyicaro gikuru cya Aegis n'itsinda ryabo ryashushanyaga, hanyuma byoherezwa mu [[Rwanda]] kugira ngo ishyirwe mu bikorwa<ref>https://aegistrust.enthuse.com/profile</ref>. Uru rwibutso ni kimwe mu bigo bitandatu bikomeye byo mu [[Rwanda]] bifasha mu kwibuka jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu [[Rwanda]]. Ibindi ni Urwibutso rwa Murambi, Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero, n’Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Ntarama hamwe na [[Nyamata]] na Nyarubuye. <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> Imibiri y'abazize jenocide yazanywe muri uru rwibutso ivanywe mu murwa mukuru wose nyuma yo gusigara mu muhanda cyangwa gutabwa mu ruzi. Bashyinguwe hamwe bangana 100.000. Urwibutso rwafunguwe mu 1999. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=81&L=1 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-08 |archive-date=2021-06-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630071047/https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=81&L=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Iki kigo cyatangiye igihe Inama Njyanama y’Umujyi wa [[Kigali]] na Komisiyo y’[[igihugu]] y’u [[Rwanda]] ishinzwe kurwanya Jenoside bafatanyaga n'umuryango wo mu Bwongereza ushinzwe gukumira jenoside witwa Aegis Trust mu gufungura ikigo cy’Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa [[Kigali]]. Muri Mata 2004, ku isabukuru y'imyaka 10 jenoside ishegeshe u [[Rwanda]], hafunguwe urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa [[Kigali]]. Igisubizo cy’abacitse ku icumu rya jenoside ku ishyirwaho kwiki kigo nticyari giteganijwe. Mu cyumweru cya mbere, abarokotse barenga 1.500 basuye buri munsi iki kigo. Mu mezi atatu ya mbere iki kigo cyafunguwemo, abantu bagera ku 60.000 baturutse mu nzego zitandukanye barahasuye. Abashyitsi barenga 7,000 bari baturutse mu mahanga. == Ikigo == Iki kigo cyashyizweho nk'Urwibutso, ariko kandi gisobanura amateka yu [[Rwanda]] rwabanjirije iki gikorwa. ugereranyije nizindi nzibutso zitandukanye kwisi harimo nko mu [[Ubudage|Budage]], [[Ubuyapani]], [[Kambodiya|Kamboje]], na [[Bosiniya na Herizegovina|Bosiniya]] . Bitandukanye n’inkambi zahoze zikoranyirizwagamo imfungwa ahitwa Auschwitz Birkenau, urwibutso rwa Gisozi rurimo ibisigazwa by’abantu n’ibikoresho n’intwaro byakoreshejwe mu gusenya no kwica bagenzi babo. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://imvahonshya.co.rw/menya-amateka-yurwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-gisozi/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-08 |archive-date=2021-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608122648/http://imvahonshya.co.rw/menya-amateka-yurwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-gisozi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Igorofa yo hejuru yiki kigo irimo aho bakorera imurikagurisha hatatu hahoraho, amashusho menshi agaragaza itsembabwoko ryabaye mu 1994, agafasha mu kwerekana amateka mabi yaranze U [[Rwanda]]. ahabanza hari urwibutso rw'abana, hamwe namafoto y'ubuzima bwabo, aherekejwe nibisobanuro byimbitse kubyerekeye ibikinisho bakundaga, amagambo yabo yanyuma nuburyo bishwe. Ahandi uhasanga kandi imurikagurisha ku mateka y’ihohoterwa ryakozwe muri jenoside ku isi. Ahandi hagizwe nikigo cy’Uburezi aho bigishiriza amateka, Ubusitani bw’Urwibutso n’ikigo cy’igihugu cyita ku nyandiko za Jenoside zigira uruhare mu guha icyubahiro abapfuye kandi zagizwe igikoresho gikomeye cy’uburezi ku gisekuru kizaza. Urwibutso rwa [[Kigali]] ni mpuzamahanga. cyakira ingeri zose zabantu kandi gifite akamaro mu buryo mpuzamahanga, kigenewe kurinda no guhangana n’ibibazo mpuzamahanga byibasira inyoko muntu. [[Dosiye:Kigali Genocide Memorial (6817416143).jpg|thumb|kigali memorial site ]] Imishinga ya Audiovisual na GPS y'inyandiko yerekana kandi igatanga ubuhamya bwabacitse ku icumu no kwandika inzira y'inkiko Gacaca . Urwibutso rwagize abashyitsi ibihumbi magana birenga. Urwibutso rusozwa n’ibice byerekana uko u [[Rwanda]] rwashakishije ubutabera binyuze mu rukiko mpuzamahanga rwa Arusha ndetse n’inkiko zacu zihariye za Gacaca (inkiko gakondo ziyobowe n'abakuru b'imidugudu). Urugendo rwamajwi rurimo amateka y'ubukoroni bwafashwe nk'intandaro yo kubiba amacakubiri mu Rwanda narwo ruboneka muri iki kigo. Kandi uko gusura bigenda bitera imbere, imurikagurisha rigenda rikomera, niko abashyitsi bumva ’ibyaha byabereye hano no gukwirakwiza ubuhamya bwa videwo ku barokotse jenocide. Komisiyo yaturutse mu Nama Njyanama y'Umujyi wa [[Kigali]] yagombaga guteza imbere urwibutso, aho abazize jenoside bagera ku 250.000 bashyinguwe mu mva rusange mu kigo cy’urwibutso n’imurikagurisha rihoraho hagamijwe inyungu z’abacitse ku icumu n’urubyiruko. Aegis Trust icunga Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa [[Kigali]] kandi ikaruteza imbere nk'ishuri ry’uburezi ku rubyiruko rwejo hazaza. == Reba ==  <references /> == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.kgm.rw/ Urubuga rwa Urwibutso rwa Jenoside] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200720072109/http://www.genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/ Ububiko bwa Jenoside yo mu Rwanda] * [http://www.aegistrust.org Icyizere cya Aegis] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131228141350/http://www.kigaligenocidememorial.org/old/centre/index.html Urwibutso rwa Kigali] [[Category:Akarere ka Gasabo]] [[Category:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] [[Category:Kigali]] [[Category:Rwanda]] [[Category:Urwibutso]] azfy1px8bp23dj42j42hlnrp3w7cs8j 130499 130495 2026-04-18T07:11:00Z B.Scalling 15089 gushyiraho databox 130499 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Kigali Genocide Memorial site.jpg|thumb|urwibutso Rwa Kigali]] [[File:Kigali Memorial Centre 7.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Kigali]] [[Dosiye:Kigali Genocide Memorial.jpg|thumb|urwibutso rwa Kigali]] [[Dosiye:Rwandan Genocide Murambi skulls.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso]]{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q6405906|useImage=Kigali Genocide Memorial}}{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q6405906|useImage=[[File:Kigali Genocide Memorial site.jpg|Kigali_Genocide_Memorial_site]] [[File:Kigali Memorial Centre 3.jpg|Kigali_Memorial_Centre_3]]}} '''Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali''' ni ikigo kibitse imibiri y'abatutsi barenga 250,000 bishwe muri jenocide yakorewe abatutsi muwi 1994. Ibi nibyo bishingirwaho bihamya ko [[Jenoside mu Rwanda]] yari umugambi wateguwe ndetse ugashyirwa mu bikorwa. Iki kigo cyashyizweho kugirango genocide itazongera kubaho ukundi ndetse n' abashyitsi n’abanyeshuri bifuza kumva no kumenya ibyabaye mbere na nyuma ya [[Jenoside mu Rwanda|Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda]] mu 1994. Uru ni urwibutso ruhoraho ku baguye muri jenoside kandi hakaba ari ahantu ababuze ababo bashobora gushyingura imiryango yabo n'inshuti zabo. Iki Ikigo gicungwa kandi kiyobowe na Aegis Trust mu izina rya komisiyo y'igihugu ishinzwe kurwanya jenoside (CNLG). == Aho ruherereye == Urwibutso ndetse ari nayo nzu ibitse amateka iri ku [[Akarere ka Gasabo|Gisozi]] nk' iminota icumi uvuye hagati mu mugi wa Kigali. <ref name="kgm">[http://www.kgm.rw/ Kigali Genocide Memorial], KGM.rw, Retrieved 2 March 2016</ref> == Amavu n'amavuko == Muri Mata 1994, raporo z’ubwicanyi bwibasiye imbaga mu Rwanda zatangiye kwandikwa no gukwirakwizwa ku isi yose. Hakozwe bike kugirango jenoside ihagarare mu Rwanda. Ku bantu bo hanze, itsembabwoko ryagaragajwe nk'ihohoterwa rishingiye ku moko, abatutsi bishwe n'Abahutu. Umubare wabantu bishwe mubyukuri ntushobora kumenyekana; ibigereranyo bitandukanye bigaragaza hagati ya 500.000 na miliyoni Irenga. Umubare w'abantu bishwe wemejwe ko ari hafi ya 800.000 bishwe mu gihe k'iminsi ijana jenocide yamaze iri gukorwa<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/hagaragaye-imibare-mishya-y-abishwe-muri-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi</ref> . == Amateka == [[File:Skull_and_Belongings_of_Genocide_Victims_-_Genocide_Memorial_Center_-_Kigali_-_Rwanda.jpg|thumb| Ibimenyetso simusiga by'abazize Jenoside muri iki kigo]] Mu 2000, Njyanama y'Umujyi wa [[Kigali]] yatangiye umurimo wo kubaka iyi nyubako, amaherezo yagombaga guhinduka Urwibutso. Aegis Trust yaratumiwe kugirango ifashe iki cyifuzo cyikigo kibe impamo. Aegis Trust noneho yatangiye gukusanya amakuru aturutse kwisi yose kugirango ikore Ibishushanyo bitatu mbonera kuri iyi nzu<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=116 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608115900/https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=116 |archive-date=2021-06-08 |access-date=2021-06-08}}</ref>. Buri gishushanyo cyasohowe mu ndimi eshatu, byatunganirijwe mu gihugu cy' U [[Ubwongereza|Bwongereza]] ku cyicaro gikuru cya Aegis n'itsinda ryabo ryashushanyaga, hanyuma byoherezwa mu [[Rwanda]] kugira ngo ishyirwe mu bikorwa<ref>https://aegistrust.enthuse.com/profile</ref>. Uru rwibutso ni kimwe mu bigo bitandatu bikomeye byo mu [[Rwanda]] bifasha mu kwibuka jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu [[Rwanda]]. Ibindi ni Urwibutso rwa Murambi, Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero, n’Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Ntarama hamwe na [[Nyamata]] na Nyarubuye. <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> Imibiri y'abazize jenocide yazanywe muri uru rwibutso ivanywe mu murwa mukuru wose nyuma yo gusigara mu muhanda cyangwa gutabwa mu ruzi. Bashyinguwe hamwe bangana 100.000. Urwibutso rwafunguwe mu 1999. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=81&L=1 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-08 |archive-date=2021-06-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630071047/https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=81&L=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Iki kigo cyatangiye igihe Inama Njyanama y’Umujyi wa [[Kigali]] na Komisiyo y’[[igihugu]] y’u [[Rwanda]] ishinzwe kurwanya Jenoside bafatanyaga n'umuryango wo mu Bwongereza ushinzwe gukumira jenoside witwa Aegis Trust mu gufungura ikigo cy’Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa [[Kigali]]. Muri Mata 2004, ku isabukuru y'imyaka 10 jenoside ishegeshe u [[Rwanda]], hafunguwe urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa [[Kigali]]. Igisubizo cy’abacitse ku icumu rya jenoside ku ishyirwaho kwiki kigo nticyari giteganijwe. Mu cyumweru cya mbere, abarokotse barenga 1.500 basuye buri munsi iki kigo. Mu mezi atatu ya mbere iki kigo cyafunguwemo, abantu bagera ku 60.000 baturutse mu nzego zitandukanye barahasuye. Abashyitsi barenga 7,000 bari baturutse mu mahanga. == Ikigo == Iki kigo cyashyizweho nk'Urwibutso, ariko kandi gisobanura amateka yu [[Rwanda]] rwabanjirije iki gikorwa. ugereranyije nizindi nzibutso zitandukanye kwisi harimo nko mu [[Ubudage|Budage]], [[Ubuyapani]], [[Kambodiya|Kamboje]], na [[Bosiniya na Herizegovina|Bosiniya]] . Bitandukanye n’inkambi zahoze zikoranyirizwagamo imfungwa ahitwa Auschwitz Birkenau, urwibutso rwa Gisozi rurimo ibisigazwa by’abantu n’ibikoresho n’intwaro byakoreshejwe mu gusenya no kwica bagenzi babo. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://imvahonshya.co.rw/menya-amateka-yurwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-gisozi/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-08 |archive-date=2021-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608122648/http://imvahonshya.co.rw/menya-amateka-yurwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-gisozi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Igorofa yo hejuru yiki kigo irimo aho bakorera imurikagurisha hatatu hahoraho, amashusho menshi agaragaza itsembabwoko ryabaye mu 1994, agafasha mu kwerekana amateka mabi yaranze U [[Rwanda]]. ahabanza hari urwibutso rw'abana, hamwe namafoto y'ubuzima bwabo, aherekejwe nibisobanuro byimbitse kubyerekeye ibikinisho bakundaga, amagambo yabo yanyuma nuburyo bishwe. Ahandi uhasanga kandi imurikagurisha ku mateka y’ihohoterwa ryakozwe muri jenoside ku isi. Ahandi hagizwe nikigo cy’Uburezi aho bigishiriza amateka, Ubusitani bw’Urwibutso n’ikigo cy’igihugu cyita ku nyandiko za Jenoside zigira uruhare mu guha icyubahiro abapfuye kandi zagizwe igikoresho gikomeye cy’uburezi ku gisekuru kizaza. Urwibutso rwa [[Kigali]] ni mpuzamahanga. cyakira ingeri zose zabantu kandi gifite akamaro mu buryo mpuzamahanga, kigenewe kurinda no guhangana n’ibibazo mpuzamahanga byibasira inyoko muntu. [[Dosiye:Kigali Genocide Memorial (6817416143).jpg|thumb|kigali memorial site ]] Imishinga ya Audiovisual na GPS y'inyandiko yerekana kandi igatanga ubuhamya bwabacitse ku icumu no kwandika inzira y'inkiko Gacaca . Urwibutso rwagize abashyitsi ibihumbi magana birenga. Urwibutso rusozwa n’ibice byerekana uko u [[Rwanda]] rwashakishije ubutabera binyuze mu rukiko mpuzamahanga rwa Arusha ndetse n’inkiko zacu zihariye za Gacaca (inkiko gakondo ziyobowe n'abakuru b'imidugudu). Urugendo rwamajwi rurimo amateka y'ubukoroni bwafashwe nk'intandaro yo kubiba amacakubiri mu Rwanda narwo ruboneka muri iki kigo. Kandi uko gusura bigenda bitera imbere, imurikagurisha rigenda rikomera, niko abashyitsi bumva ’ibyaha byabereye hano no gukwirakwiza ubuhamya bwa videwo ku barokotse jenocide. Komisiyo yaturutse mu Nama Njyanama y'Umujyi wa [[Kigali]] yagombaga guteza imbere urwibutso, aho abazize jenoside bagera ku 250.000 bashyinguwe mu mva rusange mu kigo cy’urwibutso n’imurikagurisha rihoraho hagamijwe inyungu z’abacitse ku icumu n’urubyiruko. Aegis Trust icunga Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa [[Kigali]] kandi ikaruteza imbere nk'ishuri ry’uburezi ku rubyiruko rwejo hazaza. == Reba ==  <references /> == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.kgm.rw/ Urubuga rwa Urwibutso rwa Jenoside] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200720072109/http://www.genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/ Ububiko bwa Jenoside yo mu Rwanda] * [http://www.aegistrust.org Icyizere cya Aegis] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131228141350/http://www.kigaligenocidememorial.org/old/centre/index.html Urwibutso rwa Kigali] [[Category:Akarere ka Gasabo]] [[Category:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] [[Category:Kigali]] [[Category:Rwanda]] [[Category:Urwibutso]] evzebwk97raki6ku31if94sktmpbtz8 130500 130499 2026-04-18T07:11:14Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130500 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Kigali Genocide Memorial site.jpg|thumb|urwibutso Rwa Kigali]] [[File:Kigali Memorial Centre 7.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Kigali]] [[Dosiye:Kigali Genocide Memorial.jpg|thumb|urwibutso rwa Kigali]] [[Dosiye:Rwandan Genocide Murambi skulls.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso]]{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q6405906|useImage=Kigali Genocide Memorial}}{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q6405906|useImage=[[File:Kigali Genocide Memorial site.jpg|Kigali_Genocide_Memorial_site]] [[File:Kigali Memorial Centre 3.jpg|Kigali_Memorial_Centre_3]]}} '''Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali''' ni ikigo kibitse imibiri y'abatutsi barenga 250,000 bishwe muri jenocide yakorewe abatutsi muwi 1994. Ibi nibyo bishingirwaho bihamya ko [[Jenoside mu Rwanda]] yari umugambi wateguwe ndetse ugashyirwa mu bikorwa. Iki kigo cyashyizweho kugirango genocide itazongera kubaho ukundi ndetse n' abashyitsi n’abanyeshuri bifuza kumva no kumenya ibyabaye mbere na nyuma ya [[Jenoside mu Rwanda|Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda]] mu 1994. Uru ni urwibutso ruhoraho ku baguye muri jenoside kandi hakaba ari ahantu ababuze ababo bashobora gushyingura imiryango yabo n'inshuti zabo. Iki Ikigo gicungwa kandi kiyobowe na Aegis Trust mu izina rya komisiyo y'igihugu ishinzwe kurwanya jenoside (CNLG). == Aho ruherereye == Urwibutso ndetse ari nayo nzu ibitse amateka iri ku [[Akarere ka Gasabo|Gisozi]] nk' iminota icumi uvuye hagati mu mugi wa Kigali. <ref name="kgm">[http://www.kgm.rw/ Kigali Genocide Memorial], KGM.rw, Retrieved 2 March 2016</ref> == Amavu n'amavuko == Muri Mata 1994, raporo z’ubwicanyi bwibasiye imbaga mu Rwanda zatangiye kwandikwa no gukwirakwizwa ku isi yose. Hakozwe bike kugirango jenoside ihagarare mu Rwanda. Ku bantu bo hanze, itsembabwoko ryagaragajwe nk'ihohoterwa rishingiye ku moko, abatutsi bishwe n'Abahutu. Umubare wabantu bishwe mubyukuri ntushobora kumenyekana; ibigereranyo bitandukanye bigaragaza hagati ya 500.000 na miliyoni Irenga. Umubare w'abantu bishwe wemejwe ko ari hafi ya 800.000 bishwe mu gihe k'iminsi ijana jenocide yamaze iri gukorwa<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/hagaragaye-imibare-mishya-y-abishwe-muri-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi</ref> . == Amateka == [[File:Skull_and_Belongings_of_Genocide_Victims_-_Genocide_Memorial_Center_-_Kigali_-_Rwanda.jpg|thumb| Ibimenyetso simusiga by'abazize Jenoside muri iki kigo]] Mu 2000, Njyanama y'Umujyi wa [[Kigali]] yatangiye umurimo wo kubaka iyi nyubako, amaherezo yagombaga guhinduka Urwibutso. Aegis Trust yaratumiwe kugirango ifashe iki cyifuzo cyikigo kibe impamo. Aegis Trust noneho yatangiye gukusanya amakuru aturutse kwisi yose kugirango ikore Ibishushanyo bitatu mbonera kuri iyi nzu<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=116 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608115900/https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=116 |archive-date=2021-06-08 |access-date=2021-06-08}}</ref>. Buri gishushanyo cyasohowe mu ndimi eshatu, byatunganirijwe mu gihugu cy' U [[Ubwongereza|Bwongereza]] ku cyicaro gikuru cya Aegis n'itsinda ryabo ryashushanyaga, hanyuma byoherezwa mu [[Rwanda]] kugira ngo ishyirwe mu bikorwa<ref>https://aegistrust.enthuse.com/profile</ref>. Uru rwibutso ni kimwe mu bigo bitandatu bikomeye byo mu [[Rwanda]] bifasha mu kwibuka jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu [[Rwanda]]. Ibindi ni Urwibutso rwa Murambi, Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero, n’Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Ntarama hamwe na [[Nyamata]] na Nyarubuye. <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> Imibiri y'abazize jenocide yazanywe muri uru rwibutso ivanywe mu murwa mukuru wose nyuma yo gusigara mu muhanda cyangwa gutabwa mu ruzi. Bashyinguwe hamwe bangana 100.000. Urwibutso rwafunguwe mu 1999. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=81&L=1 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-08 |archive-date=2021-06-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630071047/https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=81&L=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Iki kigo cyatangiye igihe Inama Njyanama y’Umujyi wa [[Kigali]] na Komisiyo y’[[igihugu]] y’u [[Rwanda]] ishinzwe kurwanya Jenoside bafatanyaga n'umuryango wo mu Bwongereza ushinzwe gukumira jenoside witwa Aegis Trust mu gufungura ikigo cy’Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa [[Kigali]]. Muri Mata 2004, ku isabukuru y'imyaka 10 jenoside ishegeshe u [[Rwanda]], hafunguwe urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa [[Kigali]]. Igisubizo cy’abacitse ku icumu rya jenoside ku ishyirwaho kwiki kigo nticyari giteganijwe. Mu cyumweru cya mbere, abarokotse barenga 1.500 basuye buri munsi iki kigo. Mu mezi atatu ya mbere iki kigo cyafunguwemo, abantu bagera ku 60.000 baturutse mu nzego zitandukanye barahasuye. Abashyitsi barenga 7,000 bari baturutse mu mahanga. == Ikigo == Iki kigo cyashyizweho nk'Urwibutso, ariko kandi gisobanura amateka yu [[Rwanda]] rwabanjirije iki gikorwa. ugereranyije nizindi nzibutso zitandukanye kwisi harimo nko mu [[Ubudage|Budage]], [[Ubuyapani]], [[Kambodiya|Kamboje]], na [[Bosiniya na Herizegovina|Bosiniya]] . Bitandukanye n’inkambi zahoze zikoranyirizwagamo imfungwa ahitwa Auschwitz Birkenau, urwibutso rwa Gisozi rurimo ibisigazwa by’abantu n’ibikoresho n’intwaro byakoreshejwe mu gusenya no kwica bagenzi babo. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://imvahonshya.co.rw/menya-amateka-yurwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-gisozi/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-08 |archive-date=2021-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608122648/http://imvahonshya.co.rw/menya-amateka-yurwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-gisozi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Igorofa yo hejuru yiki kigo irimo aho bakorera imurikagurisha hatatu hahoraho, amashusho menshi agaragaza itsembabwoko ryabaye mu 1994, agafasha mu kwerekana amateka mabi yaranze U [[Rwanda]]. ahabanza hari urwibutso rw'abana, hamwe namafoto y'ubuzima bwabo, aherekejwe nibisobanuro byimbitse kubyerekeye ibikinisho bakundaga, amagambo yabo yanyuma nuburyo bishwe. Ahandi uhasanga kandi imurikagurisha ku mateka y’ihohoterwa ryakozwe muri jenoside ku isi. Ahandi hagizwe nikigo cy’Uburezi aho bigishiriza amateka, Ubusitani bw’Urwibutso n’ikigo cy’igihugu cyita ku nyandiko za Jenoside zigira uruhare mu guha icyubahiro abapfuye kandi zagizwe igikoresho gikomeye cy’uburezi ku gisekuru kizaza. Urwibutso rwa [[Kigali]] ni mpuzamahanga. cyakira ingeri zose zabantu kandi gifite akamaro mu buryo mpuzamahanga, kigenewe kurinda no guhangana n’ibibazo mpuzamahanga byibasira inyoko muntu. [[Dosiye:Kigali Genocide Memorial (6817416143).jpg|thumb|kigali memorial site ]] Imishinga ya Audiovisual na GPS y'inyandiko yerekana kandi igatanga ubuhamya bwabacitse ku icumu no kwandika inzira y'inkiko Gacaca . Urwibutso rwagize abashyitsi ibihumbi magana birenga. Urwibutso rusozwa n’ibice byerekana uko u [[Rwanda]] rwashakishije ubutabera binyuze mu rukiko mpuzamahanga rwa Arusha ndetse n’inkiko zacu zihariye za Gacaca (inkiko gakondo ziyobowe n'abakuru b'imidugudu). Urugendo rwamajwi rurimo amateka y'ubukoroni bwafashwe nk'intandaro yo kubiba amacakubiri mu Rwanda narwo ruboneka muri iki kigo. Kandi uko gusura bigenda bitera imbere, imurikagurisha rigenda rikomera, niko abashyitsi bumva ’ibyaha byabereye hano no gukwirakwiza ubuhamya bwa videwo ku barokotse jenocide. Komisiyo yaturutse mu Nama Njyanama y'Umujyi wa [[Kigali]] yagombaga guteza imbere urwibutso, aho abazize jenoside bagera ku 250.000 bashyinguwe mu mva rusange mu kigo cy’urwibutso n’imurikagurisha rihoraho hagamijwe inyungu z’abacitse ku icumu n’urubyiruko. Aegis Trust icunga Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa [[Kigali]] kandi ikaruteza imbere nk'ishuri ry’uburezi ku rubyiruko rwejo hazaza. == Reba ==  <references /> == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.kgm.rw/ Urubuga rwa Urwibutso rwa Jenoside] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200720072109/http://www.genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/ Ububiko bwa Jenoside yo mu Rwanda] * [http://www.aegistrust.org Icyizere cya Aegis] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131228141350/http://www.kigaligenocidememorial.org/old/centre/index.html Urwibutso rwa Kigali] [[Category:Akarere ka Gasabo]] [[Category:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] [[Category:Kigali]] [[Category:Rwanda]] [[Category:Urwibutso]] nsh5fx4j57y61xkk7l2mqwbmpv3paxe 130501 130500 2026-04-18T07:12:32Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130501 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Kigali Genocide Memorial site.jpg|thumb|urwibutso Rwa Kigali]] [[File:Kigali Memorial Centre 7.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Kigali]] [[Dosiye:Kigali Genocide Memorial.jpg|thumb|urwibutso rwa Kigali]] [[Dosiye:Rwandan Genocide Murambi skulls.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso]]{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q6405906|useImage=Kigali Genocide Memorial}}{{Databox|excludeProperties=Q6405906|useImage=[[File:Kigali Genocide Memorial site.jpg|Kigali_Genocide_Memorial_site]] [[File:Kigali Memorial Centre 3.jpg|Kigali_Memorial_Centre_3]]}} '''Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali''' ni ikigo kibitse imibiri y'abatutsi barenga 250,000 bishwe muri jenocide yakorewe abatutsi muwi 1994. Ibi nibyo bishingirwaho bihamya ko [[Jenoside mu Rwanda]] yari umugambi wateguwe ndetse ugashyirwa mu bikorwa. Iki kigo cyashyizweho kugirango genocide itazongera kubaho ukundi ndetse n' abashyitsi n’abanyeshuri bifuza kumva no kumenya ibyabaye mbere na nyuma ya [[Jenoside mu Rwanda|Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda]] mu 1994. Uru ni urwibutso ruhoraho ku baguye muri jenoside kandi hakaba ari ahantu ababuze ababo bashobora gushyingura imiryango yabo n'inshuti zabo. Iki Ikigo gicungwa kandi kiyobowe na Aegis Trust mu izina rya komisiyo y'igihugu ishinzwe kurwanya jenoside (CNLG). == Aho ruherereye == Urwibutso ndetse ari nayo nzu ibitse amateka iri ku [[Akarere ka Gasabo|Gisozi]] nk' iminota icumi uvuye hagati mu mugi wa Kigali. <ref name="kgm">[http://www.kgm.rw/ Kigali Genocide Memorial], KGM.rw, Retrieved 2 March 2016</ref> == Amavu n'amavuko == Muri Mata 1994, raporo z’ubwicanyi bwibasiye imbaga mu Rwanda zatangiye kwandikwa no gukwirakwizwa ku isi yose. Hakozwe bike kugirango jenoside ihagarare mu Rwanda. Ku bantu bo hanze, itsembabwoko ryagaragajwe nk'ihohoterwa rishingiye ku moko, abatutsi bishwe n'Abahutu. Umubare wabantu bishwe mubyukuri ntushobora kumenyekana; ibigereranyo bitandukanye bigaragaza hagati ya 500.000 na miliyoni Irenga. Umubare w'abantu bishwe wemejwe ko ari hafi ya 800.000 bishwe mu gihe k'iminsi ijana jenocide yamaze iri gukorwa<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/hagaragaye-imibare-mishya-y-abishwe-muri-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi</ref> . == Amateka == [[File:Skull_and_Belongings_of_Genocide_Victims_-_Genocide_Memorial_Center_-_Kigali_-_Rwanda.jpg|thumb| Ibimenyetso simusiga by'abazize Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi muri iki kigo]] Mu 2000, Njyanama y'Umujyi wa [[Kigali]] yatangiye umurimo wo kubaka iyi nyubako, amaherezo yagombaga guhinduka Urwibutso. Aegis Trust yaratumiwe kugirango ifashe iki cyifuzo cyikigo kibe impamo. Aegis Trust noneho yatangiye gukusanya amakuru aturutse kwisi yose kugirango ikore Ibishushanyo bitatu mbonera kuri iyi nzu<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=116 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608115900/https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=116 |archive-date=2021-06-08 |access-date=2021-06-08}}</ref>. Buri gishushanyo cyasohowe mu ndimi eshatu, byatunganirijwe mu gihugu cy' U [[Ubwongereza|Bwongereza]] ku cyicaro gikuru cya Aegis n'itsinda ryabo ryashushanyaga, hanyuma byoherezwa mu [[Rwanda]] kugira ngo ishyirwe mu bikorwa<ref>https://aegistrust.enthuse.com/profile</ref>. Uru rwibutso ni kimwe mu bigo bitandatu bikomeye byo mu [[Rwanda]] bifasha mu kwibuka jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu [[Rwanda]]. Ibindi ni Urwibutso rwa Murambi, Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero, n’Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Ntarama hamwe na [[Nyamata]] na Nyarubuye. <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> Imibiri y'abazize jenocide yazanywe muri uru rwibutso ivanywe mu murwa mukuru wose nyuma yo gusigara mu muhanda cyangwa gutabwa mu ruzi. Bashyinguwe hamwe bangana 100.000. Urwibutso rwafunguwe mu 1999. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=81&L=1 |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-08 |archive-date=2021-06-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630071047/https://cnlg.gov.rw/index.php?id=81&L=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Iki kigo cyatangiye igihe Inama Njyanama y’Umujyi wa [[Kigali]] na Komisiyo y’[[igihugu]] y’u [[Rwanda]] ishinzwe kurwanya Jenoside bafatanyaga n'umuryango wo mu Bwongereza ushinzwe gukumira jenoside witwa Aegis Trust mu gufungura ikigo cy’Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa [[Kigali]]. Muri Mata 2004, ku isabukuru y'imyaka 10 jenoside ishegeshe u [[Rwanda]], hafunguwe urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa [[Kigali]]. Igisubizo cy’abacitse ku icumu rya jenoside ku ishyirwaho kwiki kigo nticyari giteganijwe. Mu cyumweru cya mbere, abarokotse barenga 1.500 basuye buri munsi iki kigo. Mu mezi atatu ya mbere iki kigo cyafunguwemo, abantu bagera ku 60.000 baturutse mu nzego zitandukanye barahasuye. Abashyitsi barenga 7,000 bari baturutse mu mahanga. == Ikigo == Iki kigo cyashyizweho nk'Urwibutso, ariko kandi gisobanura amateka yu [[Rwanda]] rwabanjirije iki gikorwa. ugereranyije nizindi nzibutso zitandukanye kwisi harimo nko mu [[Ubudage|Budage]], [[Ubuyapani]], [[Kambodiya|Kamboje]], na [[Bosiniya na Herizegovina|Bosiniya]] . Bitandukanye n’inkambi zahoze zikoranyirizwagamo imfungwa ahitwa Auschwitz Birkenau, urwibutso rwa Gisozi rurimo ibisigazwa by’abantu n’ibikoresho n’intwaro byakoreshejwe mu gusenya no kwica bagenzi babo. <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://imvahonshya.co.rw/menya-amateka-yurwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-gisozi/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-08 |archive-date=2021-06-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210608122648/http://imvahonshya.co.rw/menya-amateka-yurwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-gisozi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Igorofa yo hejuru yiki kigo irimo aho bakorera imurikagurisha hatatu hahoraho, amashusho menshi agaragaza itsembabwoko ryabaye mu 1994, agafasha mu kwerekana amateka mabi yaranze U [[Rwanda]]. ahabanza hari urwibutso rw'abana, hamwe namafoto y'ubuzima bwabo, aherekejwe nibisobanuro byimbitse kubyerekeye ibikinisho bakundaga, amagambo yabo yanyuma nuburyo bishwe. Ahandi uhasanga kandi imurikagurisha ku mateka y’ihohoterwa ryakozwe muri jenoside ku isi. Ahandi hagizwe nikigo cy’Uburezi aho bigishiriza amateka, Ubusitani bw’Urwibutso n’ikigo cy’igihugu cyita ku nyandiko za Jenoside zigira uruhare mu guha icyubahiro abapfuye kandi zagizwe igikoresho gikomeye cy’uburezi ku gisekuru kizaza. Urwibutso rwa [[Kigali]] ni mpuzamahanga. cyakira ingeri zose zabantu kandi gifite akamaro mu buryo mpuzamahanga, kigenewe kurinda no guhangana n’ibibazo mpuzamahanga byibasira inyoko muntu. [[Dosiye:Kigali Genocide Memorial (6817416143).jpg|thumb|kigali memorial site ]] Imishinga ya Audiovisual na GPS y'inyandiko yerekana kandi igatanga ubuhamya bwabacitse ku icumu no kwandika inzira y'inkiko Gacaca . Urwibutso rwagize abashyitsi ibihumbi magana birenga. Urwibutso rusozwa n’ibice byerekana uko u [[Rwanda]] rwashakishije ubutabera binyuze mu rukiko mpuzamahanga rwa Arusha ndetse n’inkiko zacu zihariye za Gacaca (inkiko gakondo ziyobowe n'abakuru b'imidugudu). Urugendo rwamajwi rurimo amateka y'ubukoroni bwafashwe nk'intandaro yo kubiba amacakubiri mu Rwanda narwo ruboneka muri iki kigo. Kandi uko gusura bigenda bitera imbere, imurikagurisha rigenda rikomera, niko abashyitsi bumva ’ibyaha byabereye hano no gukwirakwiza ubuhamya bwa videwo ku barokotse jenocide. Komisiyo yaturutse mu Nama Njyanama y'Umujyi wa [[Kigali]] yagombaga guteza imbere urwibutso, aho abazize jenoside bagera ku 250.000 bashyinguwe mu mva rusange mu kigo cy’urwibutso n’imurikagurisha rihoraho hagamijwe inyungu z’abacitse ku icumu n’urubyiruko. Aegis Trust icunga Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa [[Kigali]] kandi ikaruteza imbere nk'ishuri ry’uburezi ku rubyiruko rwejo hazaza. == Reba ==  <references /> == Ihuza ryo hanze == * [http://www.kgm.rw/ Urubuga rwa Urwibutso rwa Jenoside] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200720072109/http://www.genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/ Ububiko bwa Jenoside yo mu Rwanda] * [http://www.aegistrust.org Icyizere cya Aegis] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131228141350/http://www.kigaligenocidememorial.org/old/centre/index.html Urwibutso rwa Kigali] [[Category:Akarere ka Gasabo]] [[Category:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] [[Category:Kigali]] [[Category:Rwanda]] [[Category:Urwibutso]] rnf17l2nbwtwlw5yilz96gx5wpdcur9 0 8917 130502 99549 2026-04-18T07:16:01Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130502 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Ntrama Church Altar.jpg|thumb|Kiliziya ya Ntarama yahinduwe u rwibutso]] [[Dosiye:Ntarama Church Genocide Memorial - Flickr - Dave Proffer (6).jpg|thumb|urwibutso rwa Ntarama]] [[Dosiye:Ntarama Church Genocide Memorial - Flickr - Dave Proffer (4).jpg|thumb|urwibutso rwa Ntarama]] [[Dosiye:Nyamata Genocide Memorial Church (463763161).jpg|thumb|Urwibutso]] '''Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Ntarama''' ni rumwe mu nzibutso ndangamurage esheshatu zibitse amateka ya jenoside mu [[Rwanda]] . Abantu barenga 5.000 biciwe hano mu cyahoze ari i kiliziya gatolika cya Ntarama. == Aho Ruherereye == Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama ruherereye mu [[Akarere ka Bugesera|Karere ka Bugesera]] . Ni urugendo rw'isaha imwe mu majyepfo ya [[Kigali]], [[Umurwa|umurwa mukuru]] w'igihugu n'umujyi munini mu gihugu. <ref name="al">[https://web.archive.org/web/20180801033551/https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2012/07/20127113823416137.html Remembering Rwanda's genocide], Catherine Wambua, 1 July 2012, Al Jazeera, Retrieved 2 March 2016</ref> [[Dosiye:Exterior of Ntarama Genocide Memorial Site - Rwanda - 02.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]] [[Dosiye:Ntrama Church - Remains and clothing.jpg|thumb|urwibutso rwa Ntarama]] Zaza na Sake biri mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba gusa na [[Akarere ka Ngoma|Kibungo]] naho [[Nyamata]] niyo unyuramo ujya i Ntarama. Ikibuga cy'indege cya Nemba i Bugesera kiri hafi aho. <ref>[http://www.latlongwiki.com/?l=-2.1097&g=30.3744&title=Ntarama,%20Rwanda Ntarama], LatLongWiki, Retrieved 2 March 2016</ref> == Incamake == [[Dosiye:Ntarama_Church_Genocide_Memorial_-_Flickr_-_Dave_Proffer_(9).jpg|thumb| Ibimenyetso byabapfiriye hano]] iyahoze ari kiliziya Gatolika ya Ntarama ubu ni urwibutso. Abantu barenga 5.000 biciweyo hano ku ya 15 Mata 1994 mu gihe cya [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|jenoside yakorewe abatutsi]] mu [[Rwanda]] 1994. <ref name="al"/> Uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibutso zikomeye mu [[Rwanda Nziza|Rwanda]] bibukiraho kandi rugasigasira amateka ya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda. Ahandi ni Urwibutso rwa Murambi, [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali]] n'ahandi harimo i [[Nyamata]], [[Bisesero na Nyarubuye. <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> == Reba ==   * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200720072109/http://www.genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/ Ububiko bwa Jenoside bwo mu Rwanda] *[[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali]] *[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata]] == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Urwibutso]] <references /> [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] 0sn2k4e70km7hwfq9rckft90uqtyvrr 0 8960 130465 122925 2026-04-17T16:38:46Z B.Scalling 15089 kongeramo amakuru 130465 wikitext text/x-wiki Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero <ref>https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/Bisesero_Memorial</ref>ni urwibutso ruherereye hafi y’umujyi wa Kibuye, mu karere ka Karongi District mu Ntara y’Iburengerazuba bw’u Rwanda, rukaba ruzwi cyane kubera amateka yihariye yaranze aka gace aho Abatutsi bahatuye bagaragaje ubutwari budasanzwe bwo kwirwanaho mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, bakifashisha amabuye n’inkoni mu guhangana n’interahamwe zari zifite intwaro zikomeye; hagati y’ukwezi kwa Gicurasi na Kamena 1994, ibi bitero byarakomeje bikaza kuganisha ku bwicanyi ndengakamere bwahitanye Abatutsi barenga 40,000, ari na yo mpamvu uyu munsi uru rwibutso ari ahantu ho kuzirikana no guha icyubahiro abazize jenoside, ndetse rukaba n’ikimenyetso cy’ubutwari n’ubudaheranwa byaranze abaharwaniye ubuzima bwabo. == Inkuru irambuye == Mu kwezi kwa Gicurasi 1994, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ abaturage baturutse] <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>mu mirenge ituranye baza guhungira i Bisesero. Uko ubwicanyi bwibasiye interahamwe bwagendaga bwiyongera uko bwije n'uko bukeye, abantu bakoze urugendo rw'ibirometero kugira ngo bajyane impunzi. Ubwo ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, abaturage ba Bisesero bari biteguye bihagije kurwana aho kugwa mu ntagondwa z'intagondwa. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial - Near Karongi-Kibuye - Western Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Urwibusto rwa Bisesero ]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ Bitegetswe n'umusaza]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> umwe n'umuturage witwa Aminadabu Birara<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>, abaturage ba Bisesero biteguye amayeri yo kurwanya umuntu wese waje gutera umudugudu wabo. Bisesero ni agace k'imisozi, abaturage bategekwa kwifata hejuru yumusozi witwa Muyira aho bashoboraga kubona abanzi babo hejuru. Gusa abarwanyi bemerewe ni abagabo n’abahungu bari bafite imbaraga zihagije zo guhangana, mu gihe abana n’abagore bitwikiriye inyuma y’umusozi umwe. Muri ako kanya intwaro ikomeye ku baturage ba Bisesero yari amabuye n'amacumu make<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Intambara ikomeye == Ku ya 13 Gicurasi, zimaze kumenya interahamwe ko abaturage ba Bisesero biteguye kurwanya - Intwaro zikomeye (Mortar 81, 82 n’intwaro nyinshi ziremereye) ziva mu mpande zose z’u Rwanda ndetse n’ingabo nyinshi zirimo abasivili b’Abahutu boherejwe i [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ Bisesero kurangiza abaturage.]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bageze i Bisesero, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ abaturage barenga 4000]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> bari bateraniye hejuru y’umusozi wa Muyira bafite amabuye n'amacumu biteguye kwirwanaho. Mortar 81 na 82s zahanganye numusozi zirekura amasasu manini mugihe intagondwa z'interahamwe zazamutse umusozi. Muri icyo gihe, abatutsi ba Bisesero bari bazi ko bagabweho igitero - ku muntu wese wagerageje kuzamuka hejuru yateraga amabuye n'amacumu mu rwego rwo kwirwanaho<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 02.jpg|thumb|abacu bazize Jenocide]] Nubwo benshi bapfuye bake barokotse bagerageza kugeza ku ya 13 kamena igihe Abafaransa batera.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> == Igitero cy'Abafaransa == Ku ya 27 Kamena, [[:en:Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre|Abafaransa bateye Bisesero]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> bavuga ko bafite umugambi wo kubungabunga umutekano no guhagarika jenoside. Bahageze bavugana numuntu Eric wahoze ari umwarimu muri kiriya gihe, yari azi igifaransa. Ibintu byari bikomeje gutera ubwoba nubwo abaturage bavuga ko aho bihishe neza bivuye mu kwihisha bashaka ubufasha bw’ingabo z’Ubufaransa. Nyuma yaho (ingabo zUbufaransa) barabihakana bavuga ko bazagaruka nyuma yiminsi itatu kugirango batabare. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 03.jpg|alt=imibiri|thumb|285x285px|Imibiri ya Bazize Jenocide]] Ntibyatinze ingabo zUbufaransa zimaze kugenda, interehamwe zagarutse kurangiza ibyo zatangiye. Ku ikubitiro ubwicanyi bw'Abahutu bwakomeje ku manywa, ariko kuri iyi nshuro baza kwica amanywa n'ijoro kugira ngo barangize buri wese mbere yuko Abafaransa bagaruka nyuma y'iminsi 3. Ijoro ryo ku ya 30 Kamena Abafaransa baragarutse basanga hafi ya bose bishwe kandi wenda kimwe cya kane cyibihumbi bazima ariko bakomeretse cyane. Kugeza ubu urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero rwubatswe mu 1997 rufite inyubako eshatu zuzuye amagufwa y’abantu kandi kuri ubu hakaba hakomeje kubakwa ikibuga cy’imva aho hazashyingurwa imibiri 50-60.000.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubu == [[:en:Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre|Iki kigo cy’urwibutso]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> ni kimwe mu bigo bitandatu bikomeye byo mu Rwanda bibuka itsembabwoko ry’abatutsi mu 1994. Abandi ni Urwibutso rwa Kigali, Urwibutso rwa Murambi n'Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Jenoside Ntarama n'abandi i Nyamata na Nyarubuye. == References == 1.https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ 2.https://www.nyungweforestnationalpark.org/bisesero-genocide-memorial-centre/ 3.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre 6uf4g2nr22pajccggyibtk53rq59ynn 130466 130465 2026-04-17T16:40:07Z B.Scalling 15089 130466 wikitext text/x-wiki Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero <ref>https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/Bisesero_Memorial</ref>ni urwibutso ruherereye hafi y’umujyi wa Kibuye, mu karere ka Karongi District mu Ntara y’Iburengerazuba bw’u [[Rwanda]], rukaba ruzwi cyane kubera amateka yihariye yaranze aka gace aho Abatutsi bahatuye bagaragaje ubutwari budasanzwe bwo kwirwanaho mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, bakifashisha amabuye n’inkoni mu guhangana n’interahamwe zari zifite intwaro zikomeye; hagati y’ukwezi kwa Gicurasi na Kamena 1994, ibi bitero byarakomeje bikaza kuganisha ku bwicanyi ndengakamere bwahitanye Abatutsi barenga 40,000, ari na yo mpamvu uyu munsi uru rwibutso ari ahantu ho kuzirikana no guha icyubahiro abazize jenoside, ndetse rukaba n’ikimenyetso cy’ubutwari n’ubudaheranwa byaranze abaharwaniye ubuzima bwabo. == Inkuru irambuye == Mu kwezi kwa Gicurasi 1994, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ abaturage baturutse] <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>mu mirenge ituranye baza guhungira i Bisesero. Uko ubwicanyi bwibasiye interahamwe bwagendaga bwiyongera uko bwije n'uko bukeye, abantu bakoze urugendo rw'ibirometero kugira ngo bajyane impunzi. Ubwo ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, abaturage ba Bisesero bari biteguye bihagije kurwana aho kugwa mu ntagondwa z'intagondwa. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial - Near Karongi-Kibuye - Western Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Urwibusto rwa Bisesero ]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ Bitegetswe n'umusaza]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> umwe n'umuturage witwa Aminadabu Birara<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>, abaturage ba Bisesero biteguye amayeri yo kurwanya umuntu wese waje gutera umudugudu wabo. Bisesero ni agace k'imisozi, abaturage bategekwa kwifata hejuru yumusozi witwa Muyira aho bashoboraga kubona abanzi babo hejuru. Gusa abarwanyi bemerewe ni abagabo n’abahungu bari bafite imbaraga zihagije zo guhangana, mu gihe abana n’abagore bitwikiriye inyuma y’umusozi umwe. Muri ako kanya intwaro ikomeye ku baturage ba Bisesero yari amabuye n'amacumu make<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Intambara ikomeye == Ku ya 13 Gicurasi, zimaze kumenya interahamwe ko abaturage ba Bisesero biteguye kurwanya - Intwaro zikomeye (Mortar 81, 82 n’intwaro nyinshi ziremereye) ziva mu mpande zose z’u Rwanda ndetse n’ingabo nyinshi zirimo abasivili b’Abahutu boherejwe i [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ Bisesero kurangiza abaturage.]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bageze i Bisesero, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ abaturage barenga 4000]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> bari bateraniye hejuru y’umusozi wa Muyira bafite amabuye n'amacumu biteguye kwirwanaho. Mortar 81 na 82s zahanganye numusozi zirekura amasasu manini mugihe intagondwa z'interahamwe zazamutse umusozi. Muri icyo gihe, abatutsi ba Bisesero bari bazi ko bagabweho igitero - ku muntu wese wagerageje kuzamuka hejuru yateraga amabuye n'amacumu mu rwego rwo kwirwanaho<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 02.jpg|thumb|abacu bazize Jenocide]] Nubwo benshi bapfuye bake barokotse bagerageza kugeza ku ya 13 kamena igihe Abafaransa batera.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> == Igitero cy'Abafaransa == Ku ya 27 Kamena, [[:en:Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre|Abafaransa bateye Bisesero]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> bavuga ko bafite umugambi wo kubungabunga umutekano no guhagarika jenoside. Bahageze bavugana numuntu Eric wahoze ari umwarimu muri kiriya gihe, yari azi igifaransa. Ibintu byari bikomeje gutera ubwoba nubwo abaturage bavuga ko aho bihishe neza bivuye mu kwihisha bashaka ubufasha bw’ingabo z’Ubufaransa. Nyuma yaho (ingabo zUbufaransa) barabihakana bavuga ko bazagaruka nyuma yiminsi itatu kugirango batabare. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 03.jpg|alt=imibiri|thumb|285x285px|Imibiri ya Bazize Jenocide]] Ntibyatinze ingabo zUbufaransa zimaze kugenda, interehamwe zagarutse kurangiza ibyo zatangiye. Ku ikubitiro ubwicanyi bw'Abahutu bwakomeje ku manywa, ariko kuri iyi nshuro baza kwica amanywa n'ijoro kugira ngo barangize buri wese mbere yuko Abafaransa bagaruka nyuma y'iminsi 3. Ijoro ryo ku ya 30 Kamena Abafaransa baragarutse basanga hafi ya bose bishwe kandi wenda kimwe cya kane cyibihumbi bazima ariko bakomeretse cyane. Kugeza ubu urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero rwubatswe mu 1997 rufite inyubako eshatu zuzuye amagufwa y’abantu kandi kuri ubu hakaba hakomeje kubakwa ikibuga cy’imva aho hazashyingurwa imibiri 50-60.000.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubu == [[:en:Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre|Iki kigo cy’urwibutso]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> ni kimwe mu bigo bitandatu bikomeye byo mu Rwanda bibuka itsembabwoko ry’abatutsi mu 1994. Abandi ni Urwibutso rwa Kigali, Urwibutso rwa Murambi n'Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Jenoside Ntarama n'abandi i Nyamata na Nyarubuye. == References == 1.https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ 2.https://www.nyungweforestnationalpark.org/bisesero-genocide-memorial-centre/ 3.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre ofk06rcutw5atba5z1j3kiipar8g7lk 130467 130466 2026-04-17T16:43:20Z B.Scalling 15089 gushyiramo databox 130467 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q24964531|useImage=[[File:BiseseroGenocideMemorial25.jpg|BiseseroGenocideMemorial25]]}} Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero <ref>https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/Bisesero_Memorial</ref>ni urwibutso ruherereye hafi y’umujyi wa Kibuye, mu karere ka Karongi District mu Ntara y’Iburengerazuba bw’u [[Rwanda]], rukaba ruzwi cyane kubera amateka yihariye yaranze aka gace aho Abatutsi bahatuye bagaragaje ubutwari budasanzwe bwo kwirwanaho mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, bakifashisha amabuye n’inkoni mu guhangana n’interahamwe zari zifite intwaro zikomeye; hagati y’ukwezi kwa Gicurasi na Kamena 1994, ibi bitero byarakomeje bikaza kuganisha ku bwicanyi ndengakamere bwahitanye Abatutsi barenga 40,000, ari na yo mpamvu uyu munsi uru rwibutso ari ahantu ho kuzirikana no guha icyubahiro abazize jenoside, ndetse rukaba n’ikimenyetso cy’ubutwari n’ubudaheranwa byaranze abaharwaniye ubuzima bwabo. == Inkuru irambuye == Mu kwezi kwa Gicurasi 1994, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ abaturage baturutse] <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>mu mirenge ituranye baza guhungira i Bisesero. Uko ubwicanyi bwibasiye interahamwe bwagendaga bwiyongera uko bwije n'uko bukeye, abantu bakoze urugendo rw'ibirometero kugira ngo bajyane impunzi. Ubwo ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, abaturage ba Bisesero bari biteguye bihagije kurwana aho kugwa mu ntagondwa z'intagondwa. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial - Near Karongi-Kibuye - Western Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Urwibusto rwa Bisesero ]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ Bitegetswe n'umusaza]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> umwe n'umuturage witwa Aminadabu Birara<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>, abaturage ba Bisesero biteguye amayeri yo kurwanya umuntu wese waje gutera umudugudu wabo. Bisesero ni agace k'imisozi, abaturage bategekwa kwifata hejuru yumusozi witwa Muyira aho bashoboraga kubona abanzi babo hejuru. Gusa abarwanyi bemerewe ni abagabo n’abahungu bari bafite imbaraga zihagije zo guhangana, mu gihe abana n’abagore bitwikiriye inyuma y’umusozi umwe. Muri ako kanya intwaro ikomeye ku baturage ba Bisesero yari amabuye n'amacumu make<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Intambara ikomeye == Ku ya 13 Gicurasi, zimaze kumenya interahamwe ko abaturage ba Bisesero biteguye kurwanya - Intwaro zikomeye (Mortar 81, 82 n’intwaro nyinshi ziremereye) ziva mu mpande zose z’u Rwanda ndetse n’ingabo nyinshi zirimo abasivili b’Abahutu boherejwe i [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ Bisesero kurangiza abaturage.]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bageze i Bisesero, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ abaturage barenga 4000]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> bari bateraniye hejuru y’umusozi wa Muyira bafite amabuye n'amacumu biteguye kwirwanaho. Mortar 81 na 82s zahanganye numusozi zirekura amasasu manini mugihe intagondwa z'interahamwe zazamutse umusozi. Muri icyo gihe, abatutsi ba Bisesero bari bazi ko bagabweho igitero - ku muntu wese wagerageje kuzamuka hejuru yateraga amabuye n'amacumu mu rwego rwo kwirwanaho<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 02.jpg|thumb|abacu bazize Jenocide]] Nubwo benshi bapfuye bake barokotse bagerageza kugeza ku ya 13 kamena igihe Abafaransa batera.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> == Igitero cy'Abafaransa == Ku ya 27 Kamena, [[:en:Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre|Abafaransa bateye Bisesero]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> bavuga ko bafite umugambi wo kubungabunga umutekano no guhagarika jenoside. Bahageze bavugana numuntu Eric wahoze ari umwarimu muri kiriya gihe, yari azi igifaransa. Ibintu byari bikomeje gutera ubwoba nubwo abaturage bavuga ko aho bihishe neza bivuye mu kwihisha bashaka ubufasha bw’ingabo z’Ubufaransa. Nyuma yaho (ingabo zUbufaransa) barabihakana bavuga ko bazagaruka nyuma yiminsi itatu kugirango batabare. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 03.jpg|alt=imibiri|thumb|285x285px|Imibiri ya Bazize Jenocide]] Ntibyatinze ingabo zUbufaransa zimaze kugenda, interehamwe zagarutse kurangiza ibyo zatangiye. Ku ikubitiro ubwicanyi bw'Abahutu bwakomeje ku manywa, ariko kuri iyi nshuro baza kwica amanywa n'ijoro kugira ngo barangize buri wese mbere yuko Abafaransa bagaruka nyuma y'iminsi 3. Ijoro ryo ku ya 30 Kamena Abafaransa baragarutse basanga hafi ya bose bishwe kandi wenda kimwe cya kane cyibihumbi bazima ariko bakomeretse cyane. Kugeza ubu urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero rwubatswe mu 1997 rufite inyubako eshatu zuzuye amagufwa y’abantu kandi kuri ubu hakaba hakomeje kubakwa ikibuga cy’imva aho hazashyingurwa imibiri 50-60.000.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubu == [[:en:Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre|Iki kigo cy’urwibutso]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> ni kimwe mu bigo bitandatu bikomeye byo mu Rwanda bibuka itsembabwoko ry’abatutsi mu 1994. Abandi ni Urwibutso rwa Kigali, Urwibutso rwa Murambi n'Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Jenoside Ntarama n'abandi i Nyamata na Nyarubuye. == References == 1.https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ 2.https://www.nyungweforestnationalpark.org/bisesero-genocide-memorial-centre/ 3.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre c9ywvdbg3xvahde696tx425lib0op8h 130471 130467 2026-04-17T17:32:34Z B.Scalling 15089 130471 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q24964531|useImage=[[File:BiseseroGenocideMemorial25.jpg|BiseseroGenocideMemorial25]]}} [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero]]<ref>https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/Bisesero_Memorial</ref>ni urwibutso ruherereye hafi y’umujyi wa Kibuye, mu karere ka Karongi District mu Ntara y’Iburengerazuba bw’u [[Rwanda]], rukaba ruzwi cyane kubera amateka yihariye yaranze aka gace aho Abatutsi bahatuye bagaragaje ubutwari budasanzwe bwo kwirwanaho mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, bakifashisha amabuye n’inkoni mu guhangana n’interahamwe zari zifite intwaro zikomeye; hagati y’ukwezi kwa Gicurasi na Kamena 1994, ibi bitero byarakomeje bikaza kuganisha ku bwicanyi ndengakamere bwahitanye Abatutsi barenga 40,000, ari na yo mpamvu uyu munsi uru rwibutso ari ahantu ho kuzirikana no guha icyubahiro abazize jenoside, ndetse rukaba n’ikimenyetso cy’ubutwari n’ubudaheranwa byaranze abaharwaniye ubuzima bwabo. == Inkuru irambuye == Mu kwezi kwa Gicurasi 1994, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ abaturage baturutse] <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>mu mirenge ituranye baza guhungira i Bisesero. Uko ubwicanyi bwibasiye interahamwe bwagendaga bwiyongera uko bwije n'uko bukeye, abantu bakoze urugendo rw'ibirometero kugira ngo bajyane impunzi. Ubwo ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, abaturage ba Bisesero bari biteguye bihagije kurwana aho kugwa mu ntagondwa z'intagondwa. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial - Near Karongi-Kibuye - Western Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Urwibusto rwa Bisesero ]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ Bitegetswe n'umusaza]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> umwe n'umuturage witwa Aminadabu Birara<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>, abaturage ba Bisesero biteguye amayeri yo kurwanya umuntu wese waje gutera umudugudu wabo. Bisesero ni agace k'imisozi, abaturage bategekwa kwifata hejuru yumusozi witwa Muyira aho bashoboraga kubona abanzi babo hejuru. Gusa abarwanyi bemerewe ni abagabo n’abahungu bari bafite imbaraga zihagije zo guhangana, mu gihe abana n’abagore bitwikiriye inyuma y’umusozi umwe. Muri ako kanya intwaro ikomeye ku baturage ba Bisesero yari amabuye n'amacumu make<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Intambara ikomeye == Ku ya 13 Gicurasi, zimaze kumenya interahamwe ko abaturage ba Bisesero biteguye kurwanya - Intwaro zikomeye (Mortar 81, 82 n’intwaro nyinshi ziremereye) ziva mu mpande zose z’u Rwanda ndetse n’ingabo nyinshi zirimo abasivili b’Abahutu boherejwe i [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ Bisesero kurangiza abaturage.]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bageze i Bisesero, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ abaturage barenga 4000]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> bari bateraniye hejuru y’umusozi wa Muyira bafite amabuye n'amacumu biteguye kwirwanaho. Mortar 81 na 82s zahanganye numusozi zirekura amasasu manini mugihe intagondwa z'interahamwe zazamutse umusozi. Muri icyo gihe, abatutsi ba Bisesero bari bazi ko bagabweho igitero - ku muntu wese wagerageje kuzamuka hejuru yateraga amabuye n'amacumu mu rwego rwo kwirwanaho<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 02.jpg|thumb|abacu bazize Jenocide]] Nubwo benshi bapfuye bake barokotse bagerageza kugeza ku ya 13 kamena igihe Abafaransa batera.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> == Igitero cy'Abafaransa == Ku ya 27 Kamena, [[:en:Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre|Abafaransa bateye Bisesero]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> bavuga ko bafite umugambi wo kubungabunga umutekano no guhagarika jenoside. Bahageze bavugana numuntu Eric wahoze ari umwarimu muri kiriya gihe, yari azi igifaransa. Ibintu byari bikomeje gutera ubwoba nubwo abaturage bavuga ko aho bihishe neza bivuye mu kwihisha bashaka ubufasha bw’ingabo z’Ubufaransa. Nyuma yaho (ingabo zUbufaransa) barabihakana bavuga ko bazagaruka nyuma yiminsi itatu kugirango batabare. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 03.jpg|alt=imibiri|thumb|285x285px|Imibiri ya Bazize Jenocide]] Ntibyatinze ingabo zUbufaransa zimaze kugenda, interehamwe zagarutse kurangiza ibyo zatangiye. Ku ikubitiro ubwicanyi bw'Abahutu bwakomeje ku manywa, ariko kuri iyi nshuro baza kwica amanywa n'ijoro kugira ngo barangize buri wese mbere yuko Abafaransa bagaruka nyuma y'iminsi 3. Ijoro ryo ku ya 30 Kamena Abafaransa baragarutse basanga hafi ya bose bishwe kandi wenda kimwe cya kane cyibihumbi bazima ariko bakomeretse cyane. Kugeza ubu urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero rwubatswe mu 1997 rufite inyubako eshatu zuzuye amagufwa y’abantu kandi kuri ubu hakaba hakomeje kubakwa ikibuga cy’imva aho hazashyingurwa imibiri 50-60.000.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubu == [[:en:Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre|Iki kigo cy’urwibutso]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> ni kimwe mu bigo bitandatu bikomeye byo mu Rwanda bibuka itsembabwoko ry’abatutsi mu 1994. Abandi ni Urwibutso rwa Kigali, Urwibutso rwa Murambi n'Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Jenoside Ntarama n'abandi i Nyamata na Nyarubuye. == References == 1.https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ 2.https://www.nyungweforestnationalpark.org/bisesero-genocide-memorial-centre/ 3.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre gxahyg9qacb1yxg164nh8q5duo9ktbh 130472 130471 2026-04-17T17:35:58Z B.Scalling 15089 130472 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q24964531|useImage=[[File:BiseseroGenocideMemorial25.jpg|BiseseroGenocideMemorial25]]}} [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero]]<ref>https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/Bisesero_Memorial</ref>ni urwibutso ruherereye hafi y’umujyi wa Kibuye, mu karere ka [[Akarere ka Karongi|Karongi]] mu Ntara y’Iburengerazuba bw’u [[Rwanda]], rukaba ruzwi cyane kubera amateka yihariye yaranze aka gace aho Abatutsi bahatuye bagaragaje ubutwari budasanzwe bwo kwirwanaho mu gihe cya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994]], bakifashisha amabuye n’inkoni mu guhangana n’interahamwe zari zifite intwaro zikomeye; hagati y’ukwezi kwa Gicurasi na Kamena 1994, ibi bitero byarakomeje bikaza kuganisha ku bwicanyi ndengakamere bwahitanye Abatutsi barenga 40,000, ari na yo mpamvu uyu munsi uru rwibutso ari ahantu ho kuzirikana no guha icyubahiro abazize jenoside, ndetse rukaba n’ikimenyetso cy’ubutwari n’ubudaheranwa byaranze abaharwaniye ubuzima bwabo. == Inkuru irambuye == Mu kwezi kwa Gicurasi 1994, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ abaturage baturutse] <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>mu mirenge ituranye baza guhungira i Bisesero. Uko ubwicanyi bwibasiye interahamwe bwagendaga bwiyongera uko bwije n'uko bukeye, abantu bakoze urugendo rw'ibirometero kugira ngo bajyane impunzi. Ubwo ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, abaturage ba Bisesero bari biteguye bihagije kurwana aho kugwa mu ntagondwa z'intagondwa. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial - Near Karongi-Kibuye - Western Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Urwibusto rwa Bisesero ]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ Bitegetswe n'umusaza]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> umwe n'umuturage witwa Aminadabu Birara<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>, abaturage ba Bisesero biteguye amayeri yo kurwanya umuntu wese waje gutera umudugudu wabo. Bisesero ni agace k'imisozi, abaturage bategekwa kwifata hejuru yumusozi witwa Muyira aho bashoboraga kubona abanzi babo hejuru. Gusa abarwanyi bemerewe ni abagabo n’abahungu bari bafite imbaraga zihagije zo guhangana, mu gihe abana n’abagore bitwikiriye inyuma y’umusozi umwe. Muri ako kanya intwaro ikomeye ku baturage ba Bisesero yari amabuye n'amacumu make<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Intambara ikomeye == Ku ya 13 Gicurasi, zimaze kumenya interahamwe ko abaturage ba Bisesero biteguye kurwanya - Intwaro zikomeye (Mortar 81, 82 n’intwaro nyinshi ziremereye) ziva mu mpande zose z’u Rwanda ndetse n’ingabo nyinshi zirimo abasivili b’Abahutu boherejwe i [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ Bisesero kurangiza abaturage.]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bageze i Bisesero, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ abaturage barenga 4000]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> bari bateraniye hejuru y’umusozi wa Muyira bafite amabuye n'amacumu biteguye kwirwanaho. Mortar 81 na 82s zahanganye numusozi zirekura amasasu manini mugihe intagondwa z'interahamwe zazamutse umusozi. Muri icyo gihe, abatutsi ba Bisesero bari bazi ko bagabweho igitero - ku muntu wese wagerageje kuzamuka hejuru yateraga amabuye n'amacumu mu rwego rwo kwirwanaho<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 02.jpg|thumb|abacu bazize Jenocide]] Nubwo benshi bapfuye bake barokotse bagerageza kugeza ku ya 13 kamena igihe Abafaransa batera.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> == Igitero cy'Abafaransa == Ku ya 27 Kamena, [[:en:Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre|Abafaransa bateye Bisesero]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> bavuga ko bafite umugambi wo kubungabunga umutekano no guhagarika jenoside. Bahageze bavugana numuntu Eric wahoze ari umwarimu muri kiriya gihe, yari azi igifaransa. Ibintu byari bikomeje gutera ubwoba nubwo abaturage bavuga ko aho bihishe neza bivuye mu kwihisha bashaka ubufasha bw’ingabo z’Ubufaransa. Nyuma yaho (ingabo zUbufaransa) barabihakana bavuga ko bazagaruka nyuma yiminsi itatu kugirango batabare. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 03.jpg|alt=imibiri|thumb|285x285px|Imibiri ya Bazize Jenocide]] Ntibyatinze ingabo zUbufaransa zimaze kugenda, interehamwe zagarutse kurangiza ibyo zatangiye. Ku ikubitiro ubwicanyi bw'Abahutu bwakomeje ku manywa, ariko kuri iyi nshuro baza kwica amanywa n'ijoro kugira ngo barangize buri wese mbere yuko Abafaransa bagaruka nyuma y'iminsi 3. Ijoro ryo ku ya 30 Kamena Abafaransa baragarutse basanga hafi ya bose bishwe kandi wenda kimwe cya kane cyibihumbi bazima ariko bakomeretse cyane. Kugeza ubu urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero rwubatswe mu 1997 rufite inyubako eshatu zuzuye amagufwa y’abantu kandi kuri ubu hakaba hakomeje kubakwa ikibuga cy’imva aho hazashyingurwa imibiri 50-60.000.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubu == [[:en:Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre|Iki kigo cy’urwibutso]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> ni kimwe mu bigo bitandatu bikomeye byo mu Rwanda bibuka itsembabwoko ry’abatutsi mu 1994. Abandi ni Urwibutso rwa Kigali, Urwibutso rwa Murambi n'Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Jenoside Ntarama n'abandi i Nyamata na Nyarubuye. == References == 1.https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ 2.https://www.nyungweforestnationalpark.org/bisesero-genocide-memorial-centre/ 3.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre 6js3xdmeq0knkwm5yittakxfrz660cs 130509 130472 2026-04-18T07:33:18Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130509 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q24964531|useImage=[[File:BiseseroGenocideMemorial25.jpg|BiseseroGenocideMemorial25]]}} [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero]]<ref>https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/Bisesero_Memorial</ref>ni urwibutso ruherereye hafi y’umujyi wa Kibuye, mu karere ka [[Akarere ka Karongi|Karongi]] mu Ntara y’Iburengerazuba bw’u [[Rwanda]], rukaba ruzwi cyane kubera amateka yihariye yaranze aka gace aho Abatutsi bahatuye bagaragaje ubutwari budasanzwe bwo kwirwanaho mu gihe cya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994]], bakifashisha amabuye n’inkoni mu guhangana n’interahamwe zari zifite intwaro zikomeye; hagati y’ukwezi kwa Gicurasi na Kamena 1994, ibi bitero byarakomeje bikaza kuganisha ku bwicanyi ndengakamere bwahitanye Abatutsi barenga 40,000, ari na yo mpamvu uyu munsi uru rwibutso ari ahantu ho kuzirikana no guha icyubahiro abazize jenoside, ndetse rukaba n’ikimenyetso cy’ubutwari n’ubudaheranwa byaranze abaharwaniye ubuzima bwabo. == Inkuru irambuye == Mu kwezi kwa Gicurasi 1994, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ abaturage baturutse] <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>mu mirenge ituranye baza guhungira i Bisesero. Uko ubwicanyi bwibasiye interahamwe bwagendaga bwiyongera uko bwije n'uko bukeye, abantu bakoze urugendo rw'ibirometero kugira ngo bajyane impunzi. Ubwo ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, abaturage ba Bisesero bari biteguye bihagije kurwana aho kugwa mu ntagondwa z'intagondwa. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial - Near Karongi-Kibuye - Western Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Urwibusto rwa Bisesero ]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ Bitegetswe n'umusaza]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> umwe n'umuturage witwa Aminadabu Birara<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>, abaturage ba Bisesero biteguye amayeri yo kurwanya umuntu wese waje gutera umudugudu wabo. Bisesero ni agace k'imisozi, abaturage bategekwa kwifata hejuru yumusozi witwa Muyira aho bashoboraga kubona abanzi babo hejuru. Gusa abarwanyi bemerewe ni abagabo n’abahungu bari bafite imbaraga zihagije zo guhangana, mu gihe abana n’abagore bitwikiriye inyuma y’umusozi umwe. Muri ako kanya intwaro ikomeye ku baturage ba Bisesero yari amabuye n'amacumu make<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Intambara ikomeye == Ku ya 13 Gicurasi, zimaze kumenya interahamwe ko abaturage ba Bisesero biteguye kurwanya - Intwaro zikomeye (Mortar 81, 82 n’intwaro nyinshi ziremereye) ziva mu mpande zose z’u Rwanda ndetse n’ingabo nyinshi zirimo abasivili b’Abahutu boherejwe i [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ Bisesero kurangiza abaturage.]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bageze i Bisesero, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ abaturage barenga 4000]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> bari bateraniye hejuru y’umusozi wa Muyira bafite amabuye n'amacumu biteguye kwirwanaho. Mortar 81 na 82s zahanganye numusozi zirekura amasasu manini mugihe intagondwa z'interahamwe zazamutse umusozi. Muri icyo gihe, abatutsi ba Bisesero bari bazi ko bagabweho igitero - ku muntu wese wagerageje kuzamuka hejuru yateraga amabuye n'amacumu mu rwego rwo kwirwanaho<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 02.jpg|thumb|abacu bazize Jenocide]] Nubwo benshi bapfuye bake barokotse bagerageza kugeza ku ya 13 kamena igihe Abafaransa batera.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> == Igitero cy'Abafaransa == Ku ya 27 Kamena, [[:en:Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre|Abafaransa bateye Bisesero]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> bavuga ko bafite umugambi wo kubungabunga umutekano no guhagarika jenoside. Bahageze bavugana numuntu Eric wahoze ari umwarimu muri kiriya gihe, yari azi igifaransa. Ibintu byari bikomeje gutera ubwoba nubwo abaturage bavuga ko aho bihishe neza bivuye mu kwihisha bashaka ubufasha bw’ingabo z’Ubufaransa. Nyuma yaho (ingabo zUbufaransa) barabihakana bavuga ko bazagaruka nyuma yiminsi itatu kugirango batabare. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 03.jpg|alt=imibiri|thumb|285x285px|Imibiri ya Bazize Jenoside]] Ntibyatinze ingabo zUbufaransa zimaze kugenda, interehamwe zagarutse kurangiza ibyo zatangiye. Ku ikubitiro ubwicanyi bw'Abahutu bwakomeje ku manywa, ariko kuri iyi nshuro baza kwica amanywa n'ijoro kugira ngo barangize buri wese mbere yuko Abafaransa bagaruka nyuma y'iminsi 3. Ijoro ryo ku ya 30 Kamena Abafaransa baragarutse basanga hafi ya bose bishwe kandi wenda kimwe cya kane cyibihumbi bazima ariko bakomeretse cyane. Kugeza ubu urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero rwubatswe mu 1997 rufite inyubako eshatu zuzuye amagufwa y’abantu kandi kuri ubu hakaba hakomeje kubakwa ikibuga cy’imva aho hazashyingurwa imibiri 50-60.000.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubu == [[:en:Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre|Iki kigo cy’urwibutso]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> ni kimwe mu bigo bitandatu bikomeye byo mu Rwanda bibuka itsembabwoko ry’abatutsi mu 1994. Abandi ni Urwibutso rwa Kigali, Urwibutso rwa Murambi n'Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Jenoside Ntarama n'abandi i Nyamata na Nyarubuye. == References == 1.https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ 2.https://www.nyungweforestnationalpark.org/bisesero-genocide-memorial-centre/ 3.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre hk92343iiu6fu170l48aofdksw159nb 130510 130509 2026-04-18T07:33:51Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130510 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q24964531|useImage=[[File:BiseseroGenocideMemorial25.jpg|BiseseroGenocideMemorial25]]}} [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero]]<ref>https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/Bisesero_Memorial</ref>ni urwibutso ruherereye hafi y’umujyi wa Kibuye, mu karere ka [[Akarere ka Karongi|Karongi]] mu Ntara y’Iburengerazuba bw’u [[Rwanda]], rukaba ruzwi cyane kubera amateka yihariye yaranze aka gace aho Abatutsi bahatuye bagaragaje ubutwari budasanzwe bwo kwirwanaho mu gihe cya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994]], bakifashisha amabuye n’inkoni mu guhangana n’interahamwe zari zifite intwaro zikomeye; hagati y’ukwezi kwa Gicurasi na Kamena 1994, ibi bitero byarakomeje bikaza kuganisha ku bwicanyi ndengakamere bwahitanye Abatutsi barenga 40,000, ari na yo mpamvu uyu munsi uru rwibutso ari ahantu ho kuzirikana no guha icyubahiro abazize jenoside, ndetse rukaba n’ikimenyetso cy’ubutwari n’ubudaheranwa byaranze abaharwaniye ubuzima bwabo. == Inkuru irambuye == Mu kwezi kwa Gicurasi 1994, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ abaturage baturutse] <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>mu mirenge ituranye baza guhungira i Bisesero. Uko ubwicanyi bwibasiye interahamwe bwagendaga bwiyongera uko bwije n'uko bukeye, abantu bakoze urugendo rw'ibirometero kugira ngo bajyane impunzi. Ubwo ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, abaturage ba Bisesero bari biteguye bihagije kurwana aho kugwa mu ntagondwa z'intagondwa. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial - Near Karongi-Kibuye - Western Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Urwibusto rwa Bisesero ]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ Bitegetswe n'umusaza]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> umwe n'umuturage witwa Aminadabu Birara<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>, abaturage ba Bisesero biteguye amayeri yo kurwanya umuntu wese waje gutera umudugudu wabo. Bisesero ni agace k'imisozi, abaturage bategekwa kwifata hejuru yumusozi witwa Muyira aho bashoboraga kubona abanzi babo hejuru. Gusa abarwanyi bemerewe ni abagabo n’abahungu bari bafite imbaraga zihagije zo guhangana, mu gihe abana n’abagore bitwikiriye inyuma y’umusozi umwe. Muri ako kanya intwaro ikomeye ku baturage ba Bisesero yari amabuye n'amacumu make<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Intambara ikomeye == Ku ya 13 Gicurasi, zimaze kumenya interahamwe ko abaturage ba Bisesero biteguye kurwanya - Intwaro zikomeye (Mortar 81, 82 n’intwaro nyinshi ziremereye) ziva mu mpande zose z’u Rwanda ndetse n’ingabo nyinshi zirimo abasivili b’Abahutu boherejwe i [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ Bisesero kurangiza abaturage.]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bageze i Bisesero, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ abaturage barenga 4000]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> bari bateraniye hejuru y’umusozi wa Muyira bafite amabuye n'amacumu biteguye kwirwanaho. Mortar 81 na 82s zahanganye numusozi zirekura amasasu manini mugihe intagondwa z'interahamwe zazamutse umusozi. Muri icyo gihe, abatutsi ba Bisesero bari bazi ko bagabweho igitero - ku muntu wese wagerageje kuzamuka hejuru yateraga amabuye n'amacumu mu rwego rwo kwirwanaho<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 02.jpg|thumb|abacu bazize Jenoside]] Nubwo benshi bapfuye bake barokotse bagerageza kugeza ku ya 13 kamena igihe Abafaransa batera.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> == Igitero cy'Abafaransa == Ku ya 27 Kamena, [[:en:Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre|Abafaransa bateye Bisesero]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> bavuga ko bafite umugambi wo kubungabunga umutekano no guhagarika jenoside. Bahageze bavugana numuntu Eric wahoze ari umwarimu muri kiriya gihe, yari azi igifaransa. Ibintu byari bikomeje gutera ubwoba nubwo abaturage bavuga ko aho bihishe neza bivuye mu kwihisha bashaka ubufasha bw’ingabo z’Ubufaransa. Nyuma yaho (ingabo zUbufaransa) barabihakana bavuga ko bazagaruka nyuma yiminsi itatu kugirango batabare. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 03.jpg|alt=imibiri|thumb|285x285px|Imibiri ya Bazize Jenoside]] Ntibyatinze ingabo zUbufaransa zimaze kugenda, interehamwe zagarutse kurangiza ibyo zatangiye. Ku ikubitiro ubwicanyi bw'Abahutu bwakomeje ku manywa, ariko kuri iyi nshuro baza kwica amanywa n'ijoro kugira ngo barangize buri wese mbere yuko Abafaransa bagaruka nyuma y'iminsi 3. Ijoro ryo ku ya 30 Kamena Abafaransa baragarutse basanga hafi ya bose bishwe kandi wenda kimwe cya kane cyibihumbi bazima ariko bakomeretse cyane. Kugeza ubu urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero rwubatswe mu 1997 rufite inyubako eshatu zuzuye amagufwa y’abantu kandi kuri ubu hakaba hakomeje kubakwa ikibuga cy’imva aho hazashyingurwa imibiri 50-60.000.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubu == [[:en:Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre|Iki kigo cy’urwibutso]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> ni kimwe mu bigo bitandatu bikomeye byo mu Rwanda bibuka itsembabwoko ry’abatutsi mu 1994. Abandi ni Urwibutso rwa Kigali, Urwibutso rwa Murambi n'Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Jenoside Ntarama n'abandi i Nyamata na Nyarubuye. == References == 1.https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ 2.https://www.nyungweforestnationalpark.org/bisesero-genocide-memorial-centre/ 3.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre jzn3cuw6bz6yv75i5v7jxr3xu11l9jv 130511 130510 2026-04-18T07:34:58Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130511 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q24964531|useImage=[[File:BiseseroGenocideMemorial25.jpg|BiseseroGenocideMemorial25]]}} [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero]]<ref>https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/Bisesero_Memorial</ref>ni urwibutso ruherereye hafi y’umujyi wa Kibuye, mu karere ka [[Akarere ka Karongi|Karongi]] mu Ntara y’Iburengerazuba bw’u [[Rwanda]], rukaba ruzwi cyane kubera amateka yihariye yaranze aka gace aho Abatutsi bahatuye bagaragaje ubutwari budasanzwe bwo kwirwanaho mu gihe cya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994]], bakifashisha amabuye n’inkoni mu guhangana n’interahamwe zari zifite intwaro zikomeye; hagati y’ukwezi kwa Gicurasi na Kamena 1994, ibi bitero byarakomeje bikaza kuganisha ku bwicanyi ndengakamere bwahitanye Abatutsi barenga 40,000, ari na yo mpamvu uyu munsi uru rwibutso ari ahantu ho kuzirikana no guha icyubahiro abazize jenoside, ndetse rukaba n’ikimenyetso cy’ubutwari n’ubudaheranwa byaranze abaharwaniye ubuzima bwabo. == Inkuru irambuye == Mu kwezi kwa Gicurasi 1994, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ abaturage baturutse] <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>mu mirenge ituranye baza guhungira i Bisesero. Uko ubwicanyi bwibasiye interahamwe bwagendaga bwiyongera uko bwije n'uko bukeye, abantu bakoze urugendo rw'ibirometero kugira ngo bajyane impunzi. Ubwo ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, abaturage ba Bisesero bari biteguye bihagije kurwana aho kugwa mu ntagondwa z'intagondwa. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial - Near Karongi-Kibuye - Western Rwanda.jpg|thumb|Urwibusto rwa jenoside yakorewe abatutsi Bisesero ]] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ Bitegetswe n'umusaza]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> umwe n'umuturage witwa Aminadabu Birara<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>, abaturage ba Bisesero biteguye amayeri yo kurwanya umuntu wese waje gutera umudugudu wabo. Bisesero ni agace k'imisozi, abaturage bategekwa kwifata hejuru yumusozi witwa Muyira aho bashoboraga kubona abanzi babo hejuru. Gusa abarwanyi bemerewe ni abagabo n’abahungu bari bafite imbaraga zihagije zo guhangana, mu gihe abana n’abagore bitwikiriye inyuma y’umusozi umwe. Muri ako kanya intwaro ikomeye ku baturage ba Bisesero yari amabuye n'amacumu make<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. == Intambara ikomeye == Ku ya 13 Gicurasi, zimaze kumenya interahamwe ko abaturage ba Bisesero biteguye kurwanya - Intwaro zikomeye (Mortar 81, 82 n’intwaro nyinshi ziremereye) ziva mu mpande zose z’u Rwanda ndetse n’ingabo nyinshi zirimo abasivili b’Abahutu boherejwe i [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ Bisesero kurangiza abaturage.]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bageze i Bisesero, [https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ abaturage barenga 4000]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> bari bateraniye hejuru y’umusozi wa Muyira bafite amabuye n'amacumu biteguye kwirwanaho. Mortar 81 na 82s zahanganye numusozi zirekura amasasu manini mugihe intagondwa z'interahamwe zazamutse umusozi. Muri icyo gihe, abatutsi ba Bisesero bari bazi ko bagabweho igitero - ku muntu wese wagerageje kuzamuka hejuru yateraga amabuye n'amacumu mu rwego rwo kwirwanaho<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 02.jpg|thumb|abacu bazize Jenoside]] Nubwo benshi bapfuye bake barokotse bagerageza kugeza ku ya 13 kamena igihe Abafaransa batera.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> == Igitero cy'Abafaransa == Ku ya 27 Kamena, [[:en:Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre|Abafaransa bateye Bisesero]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> bavuga ko bafite umugambi wo kubungabunga umutekano no guhagarika jenoside. Bahageze bavugana numuntu Eric wahoze ari umwarimu muri kiriya gihe, yari azi igifaransa. Ibintu byari bikomeje gutera ubwoba nubwo abaturage bavuga ko aho bihishe neza bivuye mu kwihisha bashaka ubufasha bw’ingabo z’Ubufaransa. Nyuma yaho (ingabo zUbufaransa) barabihakana bavuga ko bazagaruka nyuma yiminsi itatu kugirango batabare. [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 03.jpg|alt=imibiri|thumb|285x285px|Imibiri ya Bazize Jenoside]] Ntibyatinze ingabo zUbufaransa zimaze kugenda, interehamwe zagarutse kurangiza ibyo zatangiye. Ku ikubitiro ubwicanyi bw'Abahutu bwakomeje ku manywa, ariko kuri iyi nshuro baza kwica amanywa n'ijoro kugira ngo barangize buri wese mbere yuko Abafaransa bagaruka nyuma y'iminsi 3. Ijoro ryo ku ya 30 Kamena Abafaransa baragarutse basanga hafi ya bose bishwe kandi wenda kimwe cya kane cyibihumbi bazima ariko bakomeretse cyane. Kugeza ubu urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Bisesero rwubatswe mu 1997 rufite inyubako eshatu zuzuye amagufwa y’abantu kandi kuri ubu hakaba hakomeje kubakwa ikibuga cy’imva aho hazashyingurwa imibiri 50-60.000.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-06-30 |archive-date=2021-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210523011842/https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Ubu == [[:en:Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre|Iki kigo cy’urwibutso]]<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre</ref> ni kimwe mu bigo bitandatu bikomeye byo mu Rwanda bibuka itsembabwoko ry’abatutsi mu 1994. Abandi ni Urwibutso rwa Kigali, Urwibutso rwa Murambi n'Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Jenoside Ntarama n'abandi i Nyamata na Nyarubuye. == References == 1.https://www.kwibuka.rw/memorial_sites/bisesero-memorial-site/ 2.https://www.nyungweforestnationalpark.org/bisesero-genocide-memorial-centre/ 3.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre 739aqh1afaniijs05lo62quul830rr3 0 12859 130425 128010 2026-04-17T15:06:56Z Elysee 2006 17908 130425 wikitext text/x-wiki Umugabo w'umunyarwenya nyarwanda uzwi ku izina rya nyaxo akaba ari umwe mubasore bakunzwe mu [[Rwanda]] amazina ye bwite nyakuri yiswe nabanyeyi be ni KANYABUGANDE olivier yavutse 1996 akaba akora umwuga wurwenya ndetse na filime nyarwanda ubu akaba Ari umwe mubanyarwenya bakomeye mugihugu cyu [[Rwanda Nziza|Rwanda]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2022/08/rib-yemeje-ko-umunyarwenya-nyaxo-afunzwe/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-12-20 |archive-date=2023-12-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231220085701/https://umuseke.rw/2022/08/rib-yemeje-ko-umunyarwenya-nyaxo-afunzwe/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == NYAXO == == AMASHAKIRO<ref>https://www.thechoicelive.com/aisha-umugore-wa-nyaxo-abwiye-irene-ibyo-umusore-yamukoreye-twifata-kumunwa-imbavu-ziranetse</ref> == == akabafite umukunzi uzwink'aisha bakunda gukinana comedy amazina ye bwite yitwa inkindi aisha == AMASHAKIRO qpoyatyv1bw2vvpyem5yah1ro5wr1jm 130426 130425 2026-04-17T15:07:53Z Elysee 2006 17908 130426 wikitext text/x-wiki Umugabo w'umunyarwenya nyarwanda uzwi ku izina rya nyaxo akaba ari umwe mubasore bakunzwe mu [[Rwanda]] amazina ye bwite nyakuri yiswe nabanyeyi be ni KANYABUGANDE olivier yavutse 1996 akaba akora umwuga wurwenya ndetse na filime nyarwanda ubu akaba Ari umwe mubanyarwenya bakomeye mugihugu cyu [[Rwanda Nziza|Rwanda]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://umuseke.rw/2022/08/rib-yemeje-ko-umunyarwenya-nyaxo-afunzwe/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2023-12-20 |archive-date=2023-12-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231220085701/https://umuseke.rw/2022/08/rib-yemeje-ko-umunyarwenya-nyaxo-afunzwe/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> == NYAXO == == AMASHAKIRO<ref>https://www.thechoicelive.com/aisha-umugore-wa-nyaxo-abwiye-irene-ibyo-umusore-yamukoreye-twifata-kumunwa-imbavu-ziranetse</ref> == == Akabafite umukunzi uzwink'aisha bakunda gukinana comedy amazina ye bwite yitwa inkindi aisha == AMASHAKIRO 1jwy6q4111hzjyktb2ckbk3frqsg4ct 0 13503 130446 123538 2026-04-17T15:35:50Z Elysee 2006 17908 Kongeramo amakuru 130446 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ishuri rya Tekinike rya Murambi''', ubu rizwi ku izina rya '''Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa''' ruherereye hafi y'umujyi wa Murambi mu majyepfo y'u [[Rwanda]] . == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, impuzandengo y'abatutsi 65.000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50.000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50.000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] eoe5u6jtgyq68af3ruudwsajt6yt3yy 130447 130446 2026-04-17T15:37:52Z Elysee 2006 17908 130447 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ishuri rya Tekinike rya Murambi''', ubu rizwi ku izina rya '''Urwibutso twa murambi''' ruherereye hafi y'umujyi wa Murambi mu majyepfo y'u [[Rwanda]] . == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, impuzandengo y'abatutsi 65.000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50.000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50.000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] dbtusgw8457lyprvsmcpkel4d14fgq0 130448 130447 2026-04-17T15:38:37Z Elysee 2006 17908 130448 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ishuri rya Tekinike rya Murambi''', ubu rizw'''Urwibutso rwa murambi''' ruherereye hafi y'umujyi wa Murambi mu majyepfo y'u [[Rwanda]] . == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, impuzandengo y'abatutsi 65.000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50.000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50.000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] cbsqyan6deml9yvv5vlko0ucof1tuh0 130449 130448 2026-04-17T15:38:58Z Elysee 2006 17908 130449 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ishuri rya Tekin''' ubu rizw'''Urwibutso rwa murambi''' ruherereye hafi y'umujyi wa Murambi mu majyepfo y'u [[Rwanda]] . == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, impuzandengo y'abatutsi 65.000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50.000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50.000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] 866v6558ktp3h1ij4zmn6q7ykhig8m2 130450 130449 2026-04-17T15:39:20Z Elysee 2006 17908 130450 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Ishuri rya TekiUrwibutso rwa murambi''' ruherereye hafi y'umujyi wa Murambi mu majyepfo y'u [[Rwanda]] . == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, impuzandengo y'abatutsi 65.000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50.000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50.000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] o4e0wedga5p5a519v67n7w5olfquusg 130451 130450 2026-04-17T15:39:57Z Elysee 2006 17908 130451 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Urwibutso rwa murambi''' ruherereye hafi y'umujyi wa Murambi mu majyepfo y'u [[Rwanda]] . == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, impuzandengo y'abatutsi 65.000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50.000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50.000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] jd3mwdmh7khi9i8sqgnu2xq12m3pqf8 130452 130451 2026-04-17T15:45:15Z Elysee 2006 17908 130452 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Urwibutso rwa murambi''' ruherereye hafi y'umujyi wa Murambi mu majyepfo y'u [[Rwanda]] . == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi (umushumba wa kiliziya muri diyosezi) n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, impuzandengo y'abatutsi 65.000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50.000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50.000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] r1kd6smnwz183biojlaf8tishlakkrv 130453 130452 2026-04-17T15:47:19Z Elysee 2006 17908 Gukosora 130453 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Urwibutso rwa murambi''' ruherereye hafi y'umujyi wa Murambi mu majyepfo y'u [[Rwanda]] . == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi (umushumba wa kiliziya muri diyosezi) n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, impuzandengo y'abatutsi 65.000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50.000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50,000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] exmu0utqppfsx3k877muwpmrodaiy28 130454 130453 2026-04-17T15:48:26Z Elysee 2006 17908 130454 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Urwibutso rwa murambi''' ruherereye hafi y'umujyi wa Murambi mu majyepfo y'u [[Rwanda]] . == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi (umushumba wa kiliziya muri diyosezi) n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, impuzandengo y'abatutsi 65.000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50.000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50,000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba(INKOMOKO) == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] 8cm5h42uiv5kghx0kcs31yfi1xebc5k 130456 130454 2026-04-17T15:52:06Z Elysee 2006 17908 130456 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Urwibutso rwa murambi''' ruherereye hafi y'umujyi wa Murambi mu majyepfo y'u [[Rwanda]] . Ruherereye mukarere ka Nyamagabe == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi (umushumba wa kiliziya muri diyosezi) n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, impuzandengo y'abatutsi 65.000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50.000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50,000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba(INKOMOKO) == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] 5acps9vsgx6zhysefq5etg1zs5wvxuj 130457 130456 2026-04-17T15:53:31Z Elysee 2006 17908 130457 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Urwibutso rwa murambi''' ruherereye hafi y'umujyi wa Murambi mu majyepfo y'u [[Rwanda]] . Ruherereye mukarere ka Nyamagabe , umurenge wa Cyanika == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi (umushumba wa kiliziya muri diyosezi) n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, impuzandengo y'abatutsi 65.000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50.000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50,000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba(INKOMOKO) == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] 3v35wac41v7yefdp3rq3s6eczplely9 130458 130457 2026-04-17T15:54:05Z Elysee 2006 17908 130458 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Urwibutso rwa murambi''' ruherereye hafi y'umujyi wa Murambi mu majyepfo y'u [[Rwanda]] . Ruherereye mukarere ka Nyamagabe , umurenge wa Cyanika , akagari ka Murambi == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi (umushumba wa kiliziya muri diyosezi) n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, impuzandengo y'abatutsi 65.000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50.000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50,000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba(INKOMOKO) == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] dimyhfc91wghk68lbllxgqhezs77ero 130459 130458 2026-04-17T15:56:10Z Elysee 2006 17908 Kongeramo amakuru 130459 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Urwibutso rwa Murambi''' ruri hafi y'umujyi wa Murambi mu majyepfo y'u [[Rwanda]] . Ruherereye mukarere ka Nyamagabe , umurenge wa Cyanika , akagari ka Murambi mumudugudu wa Gasiza == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi (umushumba wa kiliziya muri diyosezi) n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, impuzandengo y'abatutsi 65.000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50.000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50,000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba(INKOMOKO) == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] h58e9kaf7pbuj3hamfycwyyz0chhb0l 130460 130459 2026-04-17T15:57:48Z Elysee 2006 17908 Kongeramo amakuru 130460 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Urwibutso rwa Murambi''' ruri hafi y'umujyi wa Murambi mu majyepfo y'u [[Rwanda]] . Ruherereye mukarere ka Nyamagabe , umurenge wa Cyanika , akagari ka Murambi mumudugudu wa Gasiza == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi (umushumba wa kiliziya muri diyosezi) n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, abarenga abatutsi 65,000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50.000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50,000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba(INKOMOKO) == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] 10ygfe8cexjpvrl9im5z3p9u8hcv1jb 130461 130460 2026-04-17T16:03:32Z Elysee 2006 17908 Guhindura amakuru 130461 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Urwibutso rwa Murambi''' ruri hafi y'umujyi wa Murambi mu majyepfo y'u [[Rwanda]] . Ruherereye mukarere ka Nyamagabe , umurenge wa Cyanika , akagari ka Murambi mumudugudu wa Gasiza == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi (umushumba wa kiliziya muri diyosezi) n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, abarenga abatutsi 65,000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50,000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50,000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba(INKOMOKO) == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] 2nvpv5p0huo7moc3tby0y59ix16otus 130462 130461 2026-04-17T16:16:45Z B.Scalling 15089 KONGERAMO AMAKURU 130462 wikitext text/x-wiki Urwibutso rwa Murambi:ni rumwe mu nzibutso z’ingenzi zibika amateka ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 mu Rwanda. Ruherereye mu majyepfo y’u Rwanda, hafi y’umujyi wa Murambi, mu karere ka Nyamagabe, umurenge wa Cyanika, akagari ka Murambi, mu mudugudu wa Gasiza. Ahubatse uru rwibutso hahoze ishuri rya tekiniki rya Murambi, aho Abatutsi benshi bari bahahungiye bizeye ubuhungiro n’umutekano mu gihe cya jenoside. Icyakora, barahiciwe mu buryo bw’agashinyaguro, bikaba ari kimwe mu byabayeho by’agahinda gakomeye mu mateka y’u Rwanda. Muri iki gihe, Urwibutso rwa Murambi ni ahantu ho kwibuka no gusigasira amateka, hagamijwe guha icyubahiro abazize jenoside no kwigisha abakiriho akamaro ko kurwanya ingengabitekerezo yayo, bityo hubakwa ejo hazaza harangwa n’amahoro n’ubumwe.<ref>https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/default-title-9/kwibuka28-mu-rwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-murambi-hibutswe-abarenga-50000-bahashyinguye</ref> == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi (umushumba wa kiliziya muri diyosezi) n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, abarenga abatutsi 65,000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50,000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50,000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba(INKOMOKO) == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] 35ckifrlohx1y5orvvayqw9zkdu5tll 130463 130462 2026-04-17T16:18:06Z B.Scalling 15089 130463 wikitext text/x-wiki Urwibutso rwa Murambi:ni rumwe mu nzibutso z’ingenzi zibika amateka ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 mu Rwanda. Ruherereye mu majyepfo y’u Rwanda, hafi y’umujyi wa Murambi, mu karere ka Nyamagabe, umurenge wa Cyanika, akagari ka Murambi, mu mudugudu wa Gasiza<ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/article/mbabazi-ari-gukora-urugendo-rwo-kwibuka-jenoside-rw-ibilometero-280-n-amaguru</ref>. Ahubatse uru rwibutso hahoze ishuri rya tekiniki rya Murambi, aho Abatutsi benshi bari bahahungiye bizeye ubuhungiro n’umutekano mu gihe cya jenoside. Icyakora, barahiciwe mu buryo bw’agashinyaguro, bikaba ari kimwe mu byabayeho by’agahinda gakomeye mu mateka y’u Rwanda. Muri iki gihe, Urwibutso rwa Murambi ni ahantu ho kwibuka no gusigasira amateka, hagamijwe guha icyubahiro abazize jenoside no kwigisha abakiriho akamaro ko kurwanya ingengabitekerezo yayo, bityo hubakwa ejo hazaza harangwa n’amahoro n’ubumwe.<ref>https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/default-title-9/kwibuka28-mu-rwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-murambi-hibutswe-abarenga-50000-bahashyinguye</ref> == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi (umushumba wa kiliziya muri diyosezi) n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, abarenga abatutsi 65,000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50,000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50,000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba(INKOMOKO) == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] 0uveoosid8zn5i8roi9yf0kdk9rr2p2 130464 130463 2026-04-17T16:23:19Z B.Scalling 15089 kongeramo amafoto 130464 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q5964053|useImage=[[File:RW Murambi (2) (16638079164).jpg|RW_Murambi_(2)_(16638079164)]]}} Urwibutso rwa Murambi:ni rumwe mu nzibutso z’ingenzi zibika amateka ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 mu Rwanda. Ruherereye mu majyepfo y’u Rwanda, hafi y’umujyi wa Murambi, mu karere ka Nyamagabe, umurenge wa Cyanika, akagari ka Murambi, mu mudugudu wa Gasiza<ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/article/mbabazi-ari-gukora-urugendo-rwo-kwibuka-jenoside-rw-ibilometero-280-n-amaguru</ref>. Ahubatse uru rwibutso hahoze ishuri rya tekiniki rya Murambi, aho Abatutsi benshi bari bahahungiye bizeye ubuhungiro n’umutekano mu gihe cya jenoside. Icyakora, barahiciwe mu buryo bw’agashinyaguro, bikaba ari kimwe mu byabayeho by’agahinda gakomeye mu mateka y’u Rwanda. Muri iki gihe, Urwibutso rwa Murambi ni ahantu ho kwibuka no gusigasira amateka, hagamijwe guha icyubahiro abazize jenoside no kwigisha abakiriho akamaro ko kurwanya ingengabitekerezo yayo, bityo hubakwa ejo hazaza harangwa n’amahoro n’ubumwe.<ref>https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/default-title-9/kwibuka28-mu-rwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-murambi-hibutswe-abarenga-50000-bahashyinguye</ref> == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi (umushumba wa kiliziya muri diyosezi) n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, abarenga abatutsi 65,000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50,000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50,000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba(INKOMOKO) == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] dwryci02b25mj6bcyksxadha3iv05y0 130504 130464 2026-04-18T07:20:06Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130504 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q5964053|useImage=[[File:RW Murambi (2) (16638079164).jpg|RW_Murambi_(2)_(16638079164)]]}} Urwibutso rwa Murambi:ni rumwe mu nzibutso z’ingenzi zibika amateka ya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi]] mu 1994 mu Rwanda. Ruherereye mu majyepfo y’u Rwanda, hafi y’umujyi wa Murambi, mu karere ka Nyamagabe, umurenge wa Cyanika, akagari ka Murambi, mu mudugudu wa Gasiza<ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/article/mbabazi-ari-gukora-urugendo-rwo-kwibuka-jenoside-rw-ibilometero-280-n-amaguru</ref>. Ahubatse uru rwibutso hahoze ishuri rya tekiniki rya Murambi, aho Abatutsi benshi bari bahahungiye bizeye ubuhungiro n’umutekano mu gihe cya jenoside. Icyakora, barahiciwe mu buryo bw’agashinyaguro, bikaba ari kimwe mu byabayeho by’agahinda gakomeye mu mateka y’u Rwanda. Muri iki gihe, Urwibutso rwa Murambi ni ahantu ho kwibuka no gusigasira amateka, hagamijwe guha icyubahiro abazize jenoside no kwigisha abakiriho akamaro ko kurwanya ingengabitekerezo yayo, bityo hubakwa ejo hazaza harangwa n’amahoro n’ubumwe.<ref>https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/default-title-9/kwibuka28-mu-rwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-murambi-hibutswe-abarenga-50000-bahashyinguye</ref> == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi (umushumba wa kiliziya muri diyosezi) n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, abarenga abatutsi 65,000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50,000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50,000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba(INKOMOKO) == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] gwfym2bfxqt5yj13mxc5x8cn1pzh8zd 130505 130504 2026-04-18T07:23:32Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130505 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q5964053|useImage=[[File:RW Murambi (2) (16638079164).jpg|RW_Murambi_(2)_(16638079164)]]}} Urwibutso rwa Murambi:ni rumwe mu nzibutso z’ingenzi zibika amateka ya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi]] mu 1994 mu [[Rwanda]]. Ruherereye mu majyepfo y’u Rwanda, hafi y’umujyi wa Murambi, mu karere ka Nyamagabe, umurenge wa Cyanika, akagari ka Murambi, mu mudugudu wa Gasiza<ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/article/mbabazi-ari-gukora-urugendo-rwo-kwibuka-jenoside-rw-ibilometero-280-n-amaguru</ref>. Ahubatse uru rwibutso hahoze ishuri rya tekiniki rya Murambi, aho Abatutsi benshi bari bahahungiye bizeye ubuhungiro n’umutekano mu gihe cya jenoside. Icyakora, barahiciwe mu buryo bw’agashinyaguro, bikaba ari kimwe mu byabayeho by’agahinda gakomeye mu mateka y’u Rwanda. Muri iki gihe, Urwibutso rwa Murambi ni ahantu ho kwibuka no gusigasira amateka, hagamijwe guha icyubahiro abazize jenoside no kwigisha abakiriho akamaro ko kurwanya ingengabitekerezo yayo, bityo hubakwa ejo hazaza harangwa n’amahoro n’ubumwe.<ref>https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/default-title-9/kwibuka28-mu-rwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-murambi-hibutswe-abarenga-50000-bahashyinguye</ref> == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi (umushumba wa kiliziya muri diyosezi) n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, abarenga abatutsi 65,000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50,000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50,000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba(INKOMOKO) == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] h7qkvboonxe0cduv0c7pixshunu2j5w 130506 130505 2026-04-18T07:25:16Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130506 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q5964053|useImage=[[File:RW Murambi (2) (16638079164).jpg|RW_Murambi_(2)_(16638079164)]]}} Urwibutso rwa Murambi:ni rumwe mu nzibutso z’ingenzi zibika amateka ya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi]] mu 1994 mu [[Rwanda]]. Ruherereye mu majyepfo y’u Rwanda, hafi y’umujyi wa Murambi, mu karere ka Nyamagabe, umurenge wa Cyanika, akagari ka Murambi, mu mudugudu wa Gasiza<ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/article/mbabazi-ari-gukora-urugendo-rwo-kwibuka-jenoside-rw-ibilometero-280-n-amaguru</ref>. Ahubatse uru rwibutso hahoze ishuri rya tekiniki rya Murambi, aho Abatutsi benshi bari bahahungiye bizeye ubuhungiro n’umutekano mu gihe cya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|jenoside.]] Icyakora, barahiciwe mu buryo bw’agashinyaguro, bikaba ari kimwe mu byabayeho by’agahinda gakomeye mu mateka y’u Rwanda. Muri iki gihe, Urwibutso rwa Murambi ni ahantu ho kwibuka no gusigasira amateka, hagamijwe guha icyubahiro abazize jenoside no kwigisha abakiriho akamaro ko kurwanya ingengabitekerezo yayo, bityo hubakwa ejo hazaza harangwa n’amahoro n’ubumwe.<ref>https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/default-title-9/kwibuka28-mu-rwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-murambi-hibutswe-abarenga-50000-bahashyinguye</ref> == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi (umushumba wa kiliziya muri diyosezi) n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, abarenga abatutsi 65,000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50,000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50,000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe Abanyarwanda, Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba(INKOMOKO) == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] las5lv6gezccz96fus4b9ygmhets7ud 130507 130506 2026-04-18T07:26:50Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130507 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q5964053|useImage=[[File:RW Murambi (2) (16638079164).jpg|RW_Murambi_(2)_(16638079164)]]}} Urwibutso rwa Murambi:ni rumwe mu nzibutso z’ingenzi zibika amateka ya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi]] mu 1994 mu [[Rwanda]]. Ruherereye mu majyepfo y’u Rwanda, hafi y’umujyi wa Murambi, mu karere ka Nyamagabe, umurenge wa Cyanika, akagari ka Murambi, mu mudugudu wa Gasiza<ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/article/mbabazi-ari-gukora-urugendo-rwo-kwibuka-jenoside-rw-ibilometero-280-n-amaguru</ref>. Ahubatse uru rwibutso hahoze ishuri rya tekiniki rya Murambi, aho Abatutsi benshi bari bahahungiye bizeye ubuhungiro n’umutekano mu gihe cya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|jenoside.]] Icyakora, barahiciwe mu buryo bw’agashinyaguro, bikaba ari kimwe mu byabayeho by’agahinda gakomeye mu mateka y’u Rwanda. Muri iki gihe, Urwibutso rwa Murambi ni ahantu ho kwibuka no gusigasira amateka, hagamijwe guha icyubahiro abazize jenoside no kwigisha abakiriho akamaro ko kurwanya ingengabitekerezo yayo, bityo hubakwa ejo hazaza harangwa n’amahoro n’ubumwe.<ref>https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/default-title-9/kwibuka28-mu-rwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-murambi-hibutswe-abarenga-50000-bahashyinguye</ref> == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi (umushumba wa kiliziya muri diyosezi) n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, abarenga abatutsi 65,000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50,000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50,000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe [[Abanyarwanda]], Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba(INKOMOKO) == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] d1axn9zhbki9bvzv61k5nudest4chga 130508 130507 2026-04-18T07:27:54Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130508 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q5964053|useImage=[[File:RW Murambi (2) (16638079164).jpg|RW_Murambi_(2)_(16638079164)]]}} Urwibutso rwa Murambi:ni rumwe mu nzibutso z’ingenzi zibika amateka ya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi]] mu 1994 mu [[Rwanda]]. Ruherereye mu majyepfo y’u Rwanda, hafi y’umujyi wa Murambi, mu karere ka Nyamagabe, umurenge wa Cyanika, akagari ka Murambi, mu mudugudu wa Gasiza<ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/article/mbabazi-ari-gukora-urugendo-rwo-kwibuka-jenoside-rw-ibilometero-280-n-amaguru</ref>. Ahubatse uru rwibutso hahoze ishuri rya tekiniki rya Murambi, aho Abatutsi benshi bari bahahungiye bizeye ubuhungiro n’umutekano mu gihe cya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|jenoside.]] Icyakora, barahiciwe mu buryo bw’agashinyaguro, bikaba ari kimwe mu byabayeho by’agahinda gakomeye mu mateka y’u [[Rwanda Rwacu|Rwanda.]] Muri iki gihe, Urwibutso rwa Murambi ni ahantu ho kwibuka no gusigasira amateka, hagamijwe guha icyubahiro abazize jenoside no kwigisha abakiriho akamaro ko kurwanya ingengabitekerezo yayo, bityo hubakwa ejo hazaza harangwa n’amahoro n’ubumwe.<ref>https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/default-title-9/kwibuka28-mu-rwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-murambi-hibutswe-abarenga-50000-bahashyinguye</ref> == Ibisobanuro == uru rwibutso ni rumwe mu nzibuto esheshatu zizwi cyane mu Rwanda bibukiraho [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu w' 1994 mu Rwanda]] . Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]] ku Gisozi, [[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Ntarama]],[[Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Nyamata|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamata]], Urwibutso rwa Bisesero na Nyarubuye . <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> [[Dosiye:Mummified_victims_of_the_Rwandan_genocide_(1994)_at_Murambi_Technical_School.gif|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] [[Dosiye:Genocide_Victims_Rwanda_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|left|thumb| imibiri y'abazize jenoside. (ifoto yafashwe mu 2001)]] Aha niho habereye [[wiktionary:massacre|ubwicanyi]] mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, [[Abatutsi|abatutsi bo]] muri ako karere bagerageje kwihisha mu rusengero rwaho. Icyakora, umwepiskopi (umushumba wa kiliziya muri diyosezi) n'umuyobozi w'akarere babashukishije umutego babohereza mu ishuri rya tekiniki, bavuga ko ingabo [[Ubufaransa|z'Abafaransa]] zizabarindira. <ref name="archive">[https://web.archive.org/web/20220717074239/https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php/Murambi_Memorial Murambi Memorial], GencideArchiveRwanda.org, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Ku ya 16 Mata 1994, abarenga abatutsi 65,000 bagiye mu ishuri. Abatutsi bamaze kuhagera, nta mazi cyangwa ibiryo byatanzwe. Ibi byakozwe kugirango abaturage bafite intege nke zo kwirwanaho. Nyuma yo kwirwanaho iminsi mike bakoresheje amabuye, abatutsi barengewe ku ya 21 Mata. Abasirikare b'Abafaransa baburiwe irengero maze ishuri ryibasirwa n’intagondwa z’Abahutu [[Interahamwe]] . Abatutsi bagera ku 20.000 biciwe kuri iryo shuri, kandi abashoboye gutoroka hafi ya bose bishwe bukeye ubwo bagerageza kwihisha mu rusengero rwegereye. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Numbers (HRW Report - Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999) |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno1-3-04.htm |access-date=2022-03-31 |website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Umubare w'abantu bapfuye bagera ku 50,000 watanzwe na guverinoma utabariyemo n'umubare w'imibiri yataburuwe, ndetse n'abatarashyinguwe mu cyubahiro. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Through A Glass Darkly |url=http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |access-date=2022-04-04 |website=maps.cga.harvard.edu |archive-date=2022-05-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530114035/http://maps.cga.harvard.edu/rwanda/murambi.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nk’uko umuyobozi w’urwibutso abitangaza, Abafaransa bazanye ibikoresho biremereye byo gucukura ibyobo byinshi aho hashyizwe imibiri ibihumbi. Bahise bashyira ikibuga cya volley ball hejuru yimva rusange kugirango bagerageze guhisha ibyabaye  . Mu mibiri yerekanwe ubu harimo iy'abana n'impinja. Abantu 34 gusa ni bo bitekerezwa ko barokotse ubwo bwicanyi bwabereye i Murambi. <ref name="archive"/> Urwibutso rwashinzwe ku ya 21 Mata 1995. rukaba rurimo imva 50,000. <ref name="archive"/> Inyubako y'ishuri ubu ni inzu ndangamurage ya jenoside yerekana amagufwa hamwe n'imibiri ya bamwe mu bihumbi by'abantu biciwe mu Ntara ya Gikongoro mu 1994. Mu bushakashatsi yakoze ku nzibutso za jenoside yakorewe [[Abanyarwanda]], Timothy Longman avuga ko nubwo imirambo yerekanwa i Murambi itangwa nk'iy'abantu biciwe aho, mu byukuri ko ari imirambo yazanywe i Murambi iturutse mu turere tuyikikije. Abiciwe i Murambi bashyinguwe mu mva rusange aho bari mu 1996. <ref>Longman, Timothy. ''Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda''. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2017, pp. 6-7.</ref> == Reba(INKOMOKO) == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] 6zcbll9bzqtp2ad7jw9rvkjgix1kp4t 0 14351 130494 130374 2026-04-18T07:05:39Z Niyigaba.05 17909 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:3|0|0 */ 130494 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Change_in_Average_Temperature_With_Fahrenheit.svg|alt=The global map shows sea temperature rises of 0.5 to 1 degree Celsius; land temperature rises of 1 to 2 degree Celsius; and Arctic temperature rises of up to 4 degrees Celsius.|thumb| Ikigereranyo cy'ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere kuva mu mwaka wa 2011 kugeza mu wa 2021 ugereranije na 1956–1976]] [[Dosiye:Global_Temperature_And_Forces_With_Fahrenheit.svg|alt=The graph from 1880 to 2020 shows natural drivers exhibiting fluctuations of about 0.3 degrees Celsius. Human drivers steadily increase by 0.3 degrees over 100 years to 1980, then steeply by 0.8 degrees more over the past 40 years.|thumb| Guhindura mubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwikirere kuva Revolution Revolution yinganda, wongeyeho abashoferi kuri izo mpinduka. Ibikorwa byabantu byatumye ubushyuhe bwiyongera, hamwe nimbaraga karemano zongeramo ibintu bitandukanye. ]] Mu mikoreshereze rusange, '''imihindagurikire y’ikirere''' isobanura '''ubushyuhe bw’isi''' cyangwa kwiyongera kubushyuhe ku isi,- kwiyongera kw’ubushyuhe buringaniye ku isi - n'ingaruka zabyo ku miterere y’ikirere ku isi. Imihindagurikire y’ibihe mu buryo bwagutse ikubiyemo n’imihindagurikire yigihe kirekire y’ikirere k'isi.Ubwiyongere bw'ubushyuhe bwo ku isi burihuta kurusha impinduka zabanjirije iyi, kandi biterwa ahanini n'abantu batwika ibicanwa . Gukoresha lisansi y’ibinyabuzima, gutema amashyamba, hamwe n’ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe by’ubuhinzi n’inganda byongera imyuka ihumanya ikirere, cyane cyane karuboni ya dioxide na metani . Imyuka ya parike ikurura ubushyuhe isi imurika nyuma yo gushyuha izuba. Umubare munini wiyi myuka ifata ubushyuhe bwinshi mukirere cyo hasi k'isi, bigatuma ubushyuhe bu isi Kubera imihindagurikire y’ikirere, ubutayu buragenda bwiyongera, mu gihe ubushyuhe bw’umuriro n’umuriro bigenda bigaragara. Ubushyuhe bwiyongera muri Arctique bwagize uruhare mu gushonga permafrost, umwiherero w’ibarafu no gutakaza urubura rwo mu nyanja. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru nabwo butera umuyaga mwinshi, amapfa, n'ibindi bihe bikabije . Imihindagurikire y’ibidukikije mu misozi, amabuye ya korali, na Arctique ihatira amoko menshi kwimuka cyangwa kuzimangana . <ref>{{Cite web |last=EPA |date=19 January 2017 |title=Climate Impacts on Ecosystems |url=https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127185656/https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/climate-impacts/climate-impacts-ecosystems_.html#Extinction |archive-date=27 January 2018 |access-date=5 February 2019 |quote=Mountain and arctic ecosystems and species are particularly sensitive to climate change... As ocean temperatures warm and the acidity of the ocean increases, bleaching and coral die-offs are likely to become more frequent.}}</ref> Nubwo imbaraga zo kugabanya ubushyuhe buzaza zigenda neza, ingaruka zimwe zizakomeza ibinyejana byinshi. Harimo gushyushya inyanja, aside yo mu nyanja no kuzamuka ku inyanja . Imihindagurikire y’ibihe ibangamira abantu bafite ikibazo cy’ibiribwa n’amazi, kwiyongera kw’umwuzure, ubushyuhe bukabije, indwara nyinshi, ndetse n’ubukungu . Kwimuka kwabantu namakimbirane nabyo birashobora kuba ibisubizo. Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS) ryita imihindagurikire y’ikirere kibangamiye ubuzima bw’isi yose mu kinyejana cya 21. Abaturage barashobora guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere binyuze mu mbaraga nko kurinda inkombe cyangwa kwagura uburyo bwo guhumeka ikirere, ariko ingaruka zimwe ntizishobora kwirindwa. Ibihugu bikennye bifite uruhare runini ku byuka bihumanya ikirere ku isi, nyamara bifite ubushobozi buke bwo guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere . Ingaruka nyinshi z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere zimaze kugaragara kuri 1.2 ° C (2.2 ° F) urwego rwo gushyuha. Ubushyuhe bwiyongereye buzongera izo ngaruka kandi burashobora gukurura ingingo, nko gushonga k'urubura rwa Greenland . Mu masezerano y’i [[Paris]] 2015, ibihugu byose byemeranije gukomeza gushyuha "munsi yimyaka 2&nbsp;° C ". Ariko, hamwe n’imihigo yatanzwe mu masezerano, ubushyuhe bw’isi buzakomeza kugera kuri 2.7 ° C (4.9 ° F) mu mpera z'ikinyejana. Kugabanya ubushyuhe kuri 1.5&nbsp;° C bizasaba kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere mu 2030 no kugera kuri 2050 imyuka ihumanya <div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:302px;max-width:302px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:300px;max-width:300px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:151px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Bobcat_Fire,_Los_Angeles,_San_Gabriel_Mountains.jpg|alt=Bobcat Fire in Monrovia, CA, September 10, 2020|298x298px]]</img></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:167px;max-width:167px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:96px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Bleached_colony_of_Acropora_coral.jpg|alt=Bleached colony of Acropora coral|165x165px]]</img></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:131px;max-width:131px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:96px;overflow:hidden">[[File:California_Drought_Dry_Lakebed_2009.jpg|alt=A dry lakebed in California, which is experiencing its worst megadrought in 1,200 years.|129x129px]]</img></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"> Ingaruka zimwe z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, yerekeza ku isaha uhereye hejuru ibumoso: [[Wildfire|Inkongi y'umuriro]] yakajije umurego kubera ubushyuhe n’amapfa, [[Drought|ubukana bw’amapfa]] bwangiza amazi, hamwe no [[Coral bleaching|guhumanya amakorali]] yatewe n’ubushyuhe [[Marine heatwave|bwo mu nyanja]] . </div></div></div></div> [[Category:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images]] Kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya bisaba kubyara amashanyarazi aturuka kuri karubone nkeya aho gutwika ibicanwa. Iyi mpinduka ikubiyemo gukuraho amakara y’amashanyarazi na gaze gasanzwe, kongera cyane imikoreshereze y’umuyaga, izuba, n’ubundi bwoko bw’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ingufu . Amashanyarazi akomoka ku masoko adatanga imyuka ya karubone azakenera gusimbuza ibicanwa biva mu kirere kugira ngo bitwarwe n’amashanyarazi, inyubako zishyushya, n’inganda zikora inganda. Carbone irashobora kandi gukurwa mu kirere, urugero nko [[Kurinda amashyamba|kongera amashyamba]] no guhinga hakoreshejwe uburyo bufata karubone mu butaka . == Amagambo akunze gukoreshwa == Mbere ya za 1980, igihe bitari byumvikana neza niba ubushyuhe bwo kongera imyuka ihumanya ikirere bwarushaga imbaraga ubukonje bw’imyuka ihumanya [[Imyuka Ihumanya Ikirere|ikirere]], abahanga mu bya siyansi bakoresheje iryo jambo ''ry’imihindagurikire y’ikirere batabishaka'' bavuga ku ngaruka z’abantu ku kirere. Mu myaka ya za 1980, ijambo ''ubushyuhe bw’isi'' n’imihindagurikire ''y’ikirere'' byabaye byinshi. Nubwo ayo magambo yombi rimwe na rimwe akoreshwa mu buryo bumwe, mu buhanga, ''ubushyuhe bw’isi'' bwerekana gusa ubushyuhe bw’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, mu gihe ''imihindagurikire y’ikirere'' isobanura impinduka zose z’imiterere y’ikirere ku isi. ''Ubushyuhe bukabije ku isi'' - bwakoreshejwe mu 1975 <ref name="Science_Broeker_19750808">{{Cite journal|pages=460–463}}</ref> - bwabaye ijambo ryamamaye cyane nyuma y’uko umuhanga mu bumenyi bw’ikirere wa NASA, James Hansen abukoresheje mu buhamya yatanze mu 1988 muri Sena ya Amerika . Kuva mu myaka ya za 2000, ''imihindagurikire y’ikirere'' yiyongereye mu mikoreshereze. ''Imihindagurikire y’ibihe'' irashobora kandi kwerekeza cyane ku mpinduka zatewe n'abantu cyangwa impinduka kamere mu mateka y'isi. Abahanga mu bya siyansi, abanyapolitiki ndetse n’itangazamakuru ubu bakoresha ijambo ''ikibazo cy’ikirere'' cyangwa ''ibihe byihutirwa by’ikirere'' kugira ngo baganire ku bijyanye n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, n’ubushyuhe ''bw’isi'' aho gukoresha ''ubushyuhe bw’isi'' . == Ubushyuhe bwerekanwe == [[Dosiye:Common_Era_Temperature.svg|thumb| Kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe ku isi mu myaka 2000 ishize ukoresheje amakuru ya porokisi kuva ku mpeta y'ibiti, korali, hamwe na ice cores mubururu. Ibyatanzwe byerekanwe neza biri mumutuku. <ref name="nasa temperatures">{{Cite web |title=Global Annual Mean Surface Air Temperature Change |url=https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v4/ |access-date=23 February 2020 |publisher=[[NASA]] |archive-date=16 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200416074510/https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs_v4/ |url-status=live }}</ref>]] Imibare myinshi yigenga yibikoresho byerekana ko ikirere gishyuha. Imyaka icumi ya 2011–2020 yashyushye ku kigereranyo cya 1.09&nbsp;° C [0.95–1.20&nbsp;° C] ugereranije n’ibanze byabanjirije inganda (1850–1900). Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru buriyongera hafi 0.2&nbsp;° C ku myaka icumi, hamwe na 2020 igera ku bushyuhe bwa 1.2&nbsp;° C hejuru yigihe cyabanjirije inganda. [31] Kuva mu 1950, iminsi yubukonje nijoro nijoro byagabanutse, kandi iminsi yubushyuhe nijoro byiyongera. Habayeho ubushyuhe buke hagati yikinyejana cya 18 hagati yikinyejana cya 19. Amakuru y’ikirere muri kiriya gihe aturuka ku miterere y’ikirere, nk'ibiti hamwe n’ibarafu . Inyandiko za Thermometero zatangiye gutanga amakuru ku isi ahagana mu 1850. Uburyo bwamateka yubushyuhe no gukonja, nka Climate Animate ya Medieval hamwe nigihe gito cyibarafu, ntibyigeze bibera icyarimwe mubice bitandukanye. Ubushyuhe bushobora kuba bwarageze hejuru nko mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 20 mu turere duto. Habayeho ibice byabanjirije amateka yubushyuhe bwisi, nka Paleocene - Eocene Thermal Maximum . Nyamara, ubwiyongere bugezweho bwiyongera bwubushyuhe hamwe nubushyuhe bwa CO bwihuse cyane kuburyo ibintu bitunguranye bya geofiziki mumateka yisi bitegereye igipimo kiriho. Ibimenyetso by'ubushyuhe buva mu bipimo by'ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere bishimangirwa n'ibindi byinshi byagaragaye. [39] Urugero, harahanuwe kandi harebwa impinduka z’amazi karemano y’amazi, nko kwiyongera inshuro n’ubukonje bw’imvura nyinshi, gushonga kwa shelegi n’ibarafu y’ubutaka, ndetse n’ubushyuhe bw’ikirere bwiyongera. Ibimera n'ibinyabuzima nabyo bitwara muburyo bujyanye n'ubushyuhe; kurugero, ibimera birabya kare mugihe cyizuba. Ikindi kimenyetso cyingenzi ni ugukonjesha ikirere cyo hejuru, byerekana ko imyuka ya parike irimo gufata ubushyuhe hafi yisi kandi ikayirinda gukwirakwira mu kirere. <ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2010 |title=Global Warming |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming |access-date=11 September 2020 |publisher=[[NASA JPL]] |quote=Satellite measurements show warming in the troposphere but cooling in the stratosphere. This vertical pattern is consistent with global warming due to increasing greenhouse gases but inconsistent with warming from natural causes. |archive-date=14 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814105952/https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming |url-status=live }}</ref> Uturere twisi dushyushye kubiciro bitandukanye . Igishushanyo cyigenga aho imyuka ihumanya ikirere isohoka, kubera ko imyuka ikomeza igihe kirekire kuburyo ikwirakwira kwisi. Kuva mu bihe byabanjirije inganda, impuzandengo yubushyuhe bwo hejuru yubutaka bwiyongereye hafi inshuro ebyiri nkubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwisi. Ibi biterwa nubushyuhe bunini bwinyanja, kandi kubera ko inyanja itakaza ubushyuhe bwinshi mukumuka . Ingufu zumuriro muri gahunda y’ikirere ku isi ziyongereye hamwe n’ikiruhuko gito kuva byibuze mu 1970, kandi hejuru ya 90% y’izo mbaraga ziyongereye zabitswe mu nyanja . <ref name="ocean heat absorption">{{Cite web |year=2018 |title=Climate Change: Ocean Heat Content |url=https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212110601/https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-ocean-heat-content |archive-date=12 February 2019 |access-date=20 February 2019 |publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]}}</ref> Ahasigaye hashyushye ikirere, ushonga urubura, kandi ususurutsa imigabane. <ref name="EarthSysSciData_20200907">{{Cite journal|pages=2013–2041}}</ref> Amajyaruguru y'Amajyaruguru na Pole y'Amajyaruguru byashyushye cyane kurusha Pole y'Amajyepfo n'Amajyepfo y'isi . Amajyaruguru y’Amajyaruguru ntabwo afite ubutaka bwinshi gusa, ahubwo afite ibihe byinshi byurubura hamwe nubura bwinyanja . Mugihe iyi mibumbe ihindagurika yerekana urumuri rwinshi rukaba umwijima nyuma yuko urubura rushonga, batangira gukuramo ubushyuhe bwinshi . Ububiko bwa karubone bwaho bwirabura kuri shelegi na barafu nabyo bigira uruhare mubushyuhe bwa Arctique. Ubushyuhe bwa Arctique buriyongera hejuru yikubye kabiri igipimo cyisi yose . Gushonga kw'ibarafu hamwe n'ibibarafu muri Arctique bihagarika urujya n'uruza rw'inyanja, harimo n'umugezi wa Kigobe wagabanutse, bikomeza guhindura ikirere. == Inshingano yubushyuhe bwa vuba == [[Dosiye:Physical_Drivers_of_climate_change.svg|right|thumb| Abatwara imihindagurikire y’ikirere kuva 1850–1900 kugeza 2010–2019. Nta ntererano ihambaye yatanzwe kuva imbere imbere cyangwa abashoferi b'izuba n'ibirunga.]] Imiterere yikirere ihura ninzinguzingo zitandukanye zishobora kumara imyaka (nka El Niño - Oscillation y'Amajyepfo (ENSO)), imyaka mirongo cyangwa ibinyejana. Izindi mpinduka ziterwa nubusumbane bwingufu "ziva" mumiterere yikirere, ariko ntabwo buri gihe hanze yisi. Ingero z’agahato ko hanze zirimo impinduka ziterwa nubushyuhe bwa gaze ya parike, urumuri rwizuba, kuruka [[Ikirunga|kwikirunga]], hamwe nuburyo butandukanye mubizenguruka isi kuzenguruka izuba. Kugirango hamenyekane uruhare rwabantu mu mihindagurikire y’ikirere, hagomba kuvaho imihindagurikire y’ikirere imbere n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Uburyo bw'ingenzi ni ukumenya "igikumwe" kidasanzwe ku mpamvu zose zishobora gutera, hanyuma ugereranye ibyo bitoki hamwe nuburyo bugaragara bw’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Kurugero, guhatira izuba birashobora kuvaho nkimpamvu ikomeye. Urutoki rwarwo rwaba rushyushye mu kirere cyose. Nyamara, ikirere cyo hasi gusa cyarashyushye, kijyanye na gazi ya parike. Uruhare rw’imihindagurikire y’ikirere ruheruka kwerekana ko umushoferi nyamukuru azamuye imyuka ihumanya ikirere, hamwe na aerosole igira ingaruka mbi. === Imyuka yangiza ikirere === [[Dosiye:Carbon_Dioxide_800kyr.svg|thumb|Ubushuhe bwa CO mumyaka 800.000 iheze nkuko bipimye kurubura rwa barafu <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=379–382}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=1712–1714}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=735–738}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=Etheridge |first=D. |last2=Steele |first2=L. |last3=Langenfelds |first3=R. |last4=Francey |first4=R. |last5=Barnola |first5=J.-M. |last6=Morgan |first6=V. |date=1998 |title=Historical CO2 Records from the Law Dome DE08, DE08-2, and DSS Ice Cores |url=https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/trends/co2/lawdome.html |access-date=2022-11-20 |website=Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory |archive-date=2017-11-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113165236/https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/trends/co2/lawdome.html |url-status=live }}</ref> (ubururu / icyatsi) kandi butaziguye <ref>{{Cite web |last=Keeling |first=C. |author-link=Charles David Keeling |last2=Whorf |first2=T. |date=2004 |title=Atmospheric CO2 Records from Sites in the SIO Air Sampling Network |url=https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/trends/co2/sio-keel.html |access-date=2022-11-20 |website=[[Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center]], [[Oak Ridge National Laboratory]] |archive-date=2017-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170929234352/https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/trends/co2/sio-keel.html |url-status=live }}</ref> (umukara)]] Imyuka ya parike ibonerana ku zuba, bityo ikayemerera kunyura mu kirere kugira ngo ishyushya isi. Isi irabagirana nkubushyuhe, kandi imyuka ya parike ikurura igice cyayo . Uku kwinjiza bidindiza umuvuduko ubushyuhe bwahungira mu kirere, ugafata ubushyuhe hafi yubuso bwisi kandi bugashyuha mugihe runaka. <ref>{{Cite web |last=NASA |title=The Causes of Climate Change |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/causes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508000022/https://climate.nasa.gov/causes/ |archive-date=8 May 2019 |access-date=8 May 2019 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet}}</ref> Mbere y’Impinduramatwara mu nganda, ibisanzwe bisanzwe byuka bihumanya ikirere byatumye umwuka uri hafi yubuso ugera kuri 33&nbsp;° C hashyushye kuruta uko byari kugenda iyo badahari. <ref>{{Cite web |last=ACS |author-link=American Chemical Society |title=What Is the Greenhouse Effect? |url=https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526110653/https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/climatesciencenarratives/what-is-the-greenhouse-effect.html |archive-date=26 May 2019 |access-date=26 May 2019}}</ref> Mugihe imyuka y'amazi (~ 50%) n'ibicu (~ 25%) aribyo bigira uruhare runini mubikorwa bya parike, byiyongera nkibikorwa byubushyuhe bityo bikaba ibisubizo . Ku rundi ruhande, imyuka ya gaze nka CO (~ 20%), tropone ya ozone, CFCs na okiside ya nitrous ntabwo biterwa n'ubushyuhe, bityo rero ni imbaraga zo hanze. Ibikorwa byabantu kuva Revolisiyo yinganda, cyane cyane gukuramo no gutwika ibicanwa biva mu kirere ( amakara, peteroli, na gaze gasanzwe ), byongereye imyuka ya parike mu kirere, bivamo ubusumbane bukabije . Muri 2019, ingufu za CO na metani zariyongereyeho hafi 48% na 160%, kuva mu 1750. Izi nzego za CO zirarenze uko zigeze mugihe icyo aricyo cyose mumyaka miriyoni 2 ishize. Kwishyira hamwe kwa metani birarenze kure cyane uko byari bimeze mumyaka 800.000 ishize. [70] [[Dosiye:CO2 Emissions by Source.svg|right|thumb| Umushinga wa Carbone Global werekana uburyo kwiyongera kuri CO kuva 1880 byatewe ninkomoko zitandukanye zigenda ziyongera.]] Kwangiza imyuka ihumanya ikirere ku isi muri 2019 byari bihwanye na 59&nbsp;toni miliyari ya CO . Muri ibyo byuka, 75% ni CO , 18% ni metani, 4% ni okiside ya nitrous, naho 2% ni gaze ya fluor . Imyuka CO [71] ituruka ahanini ku gutwika ibicanwa kugira ngo bitange ingufu mu gutwara, gukora, gushyushya, n'amashanyarazi. Ibindi byuka bya CO biva mu gutema amashyamba no mu nganda, birimo CO yarekuwe n’imiti yo gukora sima, ibyuma, aluminium, n’ifumbire . Ibyuka bya metani biva mu bworozi, ifumbire, [[Umuceli|guhinga umuceri]], imyanda, amazi mabi, no gucukura amakara, ndetse no gucukura peteroli na gaze . Umwuka wa azote uva ahanini muri mikorobe yangirika y'ifumbire . N’ubwo uruhare rw’amashyamba rwangiza imyuka ihumanya ikirere, hejuru yubutaka bwisi, cyane cyane amashyamba yacyo, bikomeje kuba imyanda ikomeye ya CO . Uburyo bwo kurohama ku butaka, nko gutunganya karubone mu butaka na fotosintezeza, bikuraho hafi 29% by’imyuka ihumanya ikirere ya CO ku isi. Inyanja nayo ikora nka karubone ikomeye ikoresheje inzira ebyiri. Ubwa mbere, CO ishonga mumazi yo hejuru. Nyuma yaho, kuzenguruka kwinyanja gukwirakwira mu nyanja imbere, aho ikusanyiriza hamwe igihe kimwe murwego rwa karubone . Mu myaka 20 ishize, inyanja yisi yakiriye 20 kugeza 30% bya CO yasohotse. === Indege n'ibicu === Guhumanya ikirere, muburyo bwa aerosole, bigira ingaruka ku kirere ku rugero runini. Indege ikwirakwiza kandi ikurura imirasire y'izuba. Kuva mu 1961 kugeza 1990, kugabanuka gahoro gahoro k'izuba ryageze ku isi byagaragaye. Iyi phenomenon izwi cyane nka ''global dimming'', kandi iterwa na aerosole ikomoka kumukungugu, umwanda no gutwika ibicanwa na lisansi. <ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Aerosol pollution has caused decades of global dimming |url=https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2023-03-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327143716/https://news.agu.org/press-release/aerosol-pollution-caused-decades-of-global-dimming/ |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=761–769}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=4 June 2020 |title=Global Dimming Dilemna |url=https://www.scientistswarning.org/2020/06/04/dimming-dilemma/ |access-date=26 February 2023 |archive-date=29 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129150231/https://www.scientistswarning.org/2020/06/04/dimming-dilemma/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Ku isi hose, aerosole yagabanutse kuva mu 1990 kubera kurwanya umwanda, bivuze ko batagihisha ubushyuhe bwa gaze ya parike. Aerosole nayo igira ingaruka zitaziguye ku ngengo yimirasire yisi . Sulfate aerosole ikora nka nuclei igicu kandi iganisha ku bicu bifite byinshi kandi bito bitonyanga. Ibi bicu byerekana imirasire yizuba neza kuruta ibicu bifite ibitonyanga bike kandi binini. Bigabanya kandi imikurire yimvura, ituma ibicu bigaragarira kumurasire yizuba. Ingaruka zitaziguye za aerosole nizo nini zidashidikanywaho muguhatira imirasire. Mugihe ubusanzwe aerosole igabanya ubushyuhe bwisi yerekana urumuri rwizuba, karubone yumukara muri soot igwa kumubura cyangwa urubura birashobora kugira uruhare mubushyuhe bwisi. Ntabwo ibyo byongera gusa kwinjiza izuba, byongera gushonga no kuzamuka kurwego rwinyanja. Kugabanya ububiko bushya bwa karubone muri Arctique bishobora kugabanya ubushyuhe bwisi 0.2&nbsp;° C muri 2050. === Ubutaka burahinduka === [[Dosiye:20210331_Global_tree_cover_loss_-_World_Resources_Institute.svg|left|thumb| Igipimo cyo gutakaza ibiti ku isi cyikubye hafi kabiri kuva 2001, kugeza igihombo cyumwaka cyegereye agace kangana n’Ubutaliyani. ]] Abantu bahindura isi cyane cyane kugirango bahinge [[Umurima|ubutaka bwubuhinzi]] . Muri iki gihe, ubuhinzi bufata 34% by'ubutaka bw'isi, mu gihe 26% ari amashyamba, naho 30% akaba adashobora guturwa (ibibarafu, ubutayu, n'ibindi. ). Umubare w'ubutaka bw'amashyamba ukomeje kugabanuka, akaba ari yo mpinduka nyamukuru ikoreshwa ry'ubutaka itera ubushyuhe ku isi. Gutema amashyamba birekura CO iri mu biti iyo byangiritse, byongeye kandi birinda ibyo biti kwinjiza CO nyinshi mugihe kizaza. Impamvu nyamukuru zitera amashyamba ni: guhindura imikoreshereze yubutaka buhoraho kuva mumashyamba kugera kubutaka bwubuhinzi butanga umusaruro nkinka n amavuta yintoki (27%), gutema ibiti byamashyamba / amashyamba (26%), guhinga mugihe gito (24%), n'umuriro (23%). Ubwoko bwibimera mukarere bigira ingaruka kubushyuhe bwaho. Ihindura uko urumuri rw'izuba rugaruka mu kirere ( albedo ), n'ubushyuhe butakara bitewe no guhumeka . Kurugero, impinduka ziva mumashyamba yijimye zijya mubyatsi bituma ubuso bworoha, bigatuma bugaragaza urumuri rwizuba. Gutema amashyamba birashobora kandi kugira ingaruka kubushyuhe muguhindura irekurwa ryimiti igabanya ibicu, no guhindura imiterere yumuyaga. Mu turere dushyuha kandi dushushe ingaruka nziza ni ugutanga ubushyuhe bugaragara, mugihe ku burebure bwegereye inkingi inyungu ya albedo (nkuko ishyamba risimbuzwa igifuniko cya shelegi) biganisha ku gukonja. <ref name="Seymour 2019" /> Kwisi yose, izi ngaruka zagereranijwe ko zatumye hakonja gato, byiganjemo kwiyongera kwa albedo. === Ibikorwa by'izuba n'ibirunga === Nkuko izuba ariryo soko ryambere ryingufu zisi, impinduka zumucyo wizuba zigira ingaruka muburyo bwimiterere yikirere. Imirasire y'izuba yapimwe na satelite, kandi ibipimo bitaziguye birahari guhera mu ntangiriro ya 1600. <ref name="USGCRP_2017_ch2" /> Nta cyerekezo cyigeze kigaragara mu bwinshi bw'ingufu z'izuba zigera ku isi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Is the Sun causing global warming? |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505160051/https://climate.nasa.gov/faq/14/is-the-sun-causing-global-warming/ |archive-date=5 May 2019 |access-date=10 May 2019 |website=Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet}}</ref> Ibirunga biturika biturika byerekana imbaraga nini nini mugihe cyinganda. Iyo kuruka gukomeye bihagije (hamwe na dioxyde de sulfure igera kuri stratosifera), urumuri rwizuba rushobora guhagarikwa igice mumyaka ibiri. Ikimenyetso cy'ubushyuhe kimara hafi kabiri. Mu gihe cy’inganda, ibikorwa by’ibirunga byagize ingaruka zitari nke ku bijyanye n’ubushyuhe bw’isi. Muri iki gihe imyuka y’ibirunga CO <nowiki><sub id="mwAgI">2</sub></nowiki> ihwanye na munsi ya 1% y’imyuka ya antropogene ya CO ₂ . [99] Imiterere yimiterere yimiterere yimiterere ntishobora kubyara ubushyuhe bwihuse bwagaragaye mumyaka mirongo ishize iyo urebye gusa itandukaniro ryumusaruro wizuba nibikorwa byibirunga. Ibindi bimenyetso byerekana imyuka ihumanya ikirere itera ubushyuhe bwisi biva mubipimo byerekana ubushyuhe bwikirere cyo hasi ( troposfer ), hamwe no gukonjesha ikirere cyo hejuru ( stratosifera ). Niba imirasire y'izuba ari yo nyirabayazana w'ubushyuhe bwagaragaye, troposse na stratosifike byombi byari gushyuha. === Ibitekerezo by’imihindagurikire y’ibihe === [[Dosiye:NORTH_POLE_Ice_(19626661335).jpg|thumb| Urubura rwo mu nyanja rugaragaza 50% kugeza 70% by'izuba ryinjira, mu gihe inyanja yijimye, igaragaza 6% gusa. Mugihe agace k'ibarafu yo mu nyanja gashonga kandi kakagaragaza inyanja nyinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi bwinjizwa ninyanja, bikazamura ubushyuhe bushonga urubura rwinshi. Iyi nzira nigitekerezo cyiza. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Thermodynamics: Albedo |url=https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011021602/https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/processes/albedo.html |archive-date=11 October 2017 |access-date=10 October 2017 |website=NSIDC}}</ref>]] Igisubizo cy’imihindagurikire y’ikirere ku gahato ka mbere cyahinduwe n’ibisubizo: byongerewe no "kwikomeza" cyangwa "ibyiza" kandi bigabanywa no "kuringaniza" cyangwa "bibi" . <ref>{{Cite web |year=2013 |title=The study of Earth as an integrated system |url=https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226190002/https://climate.nasa.gov/nasa_science/science/ |archive-date=26 February 2019 |series=Vitals Signs of the Planet |publisher=Earth Science Communications Team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory / California Institute of Technology}}</ref> Ibyingenzi bishimangira ibitekerezo nibitekerezo byamazi-imyuka, ibitekerezo bya ice-albedo, hamwe ningaruka nziza yibicu. [104] Uburyo bwibanze bwo kuringaniza ni ubukonje bukabije, kuko ubuso bwisi butanga ubushyuhe bwinshi mukirere bitewe nubushyuhe bwiyongera. [106] kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe, hari n'ibisubizwa mu cyerekezo cya karubone, nk'ingaruka zifumbire ya CO ku mikurire y'ibihingwa. Kutamenya neza ibyasubiwemo nimpamvu nyamukuru ituma imiterere itandukanye yikirere igaragaza ubunini butandukanye bwubushyuhe kubwinshi bw’ibyuka bihumanya. Iyo umwuka ushyushye, irashobora gufata ubuhehere bwinshi . Umwuka wamazi, nka gaze ya parike ikomeye, ifata ubushyuhe mukirere. [104] Niba igicu cyiyongereye, urumuri rwizuba ruzagaruka mumwanya, bikonje isi. Niba ibicu bibaye byinshi kandi byoroheje, bikora nka insulator, byerekana ubushyuhe buva hepfo inyuma bukamanuka no gushyushya isi. [109] Ingaruka yibicu nisoko nini yo gutanga ibitekerezo bidashidikanywaho. Ikindi gitekerezo cyingenzi nukugabanya igifuniko cyurubura hamwe nubura bwinyanja muri Arctique, bigabanya kugaragariza isi. Ingufu nyinshi zizuba ubu zinjiye muri utwo turere, bigira uruhare mu kongera ubushyuhe bw’ubushyuhe bwa Arctique . Arctic amplification nayo irimo gushonga permafrost, irekura metani na CO mukirere. Imihindagurikire y’ibihe irashobora kandi gutuma metani irekurwa mu bishanga, sisitemu yo mu nyanja, hamwe n’amazi meza. [114] Muri rusange, ibisubizo by’ikirere biteganijwe ko bizagenda neza. Hafi ya kimwe cya kabiri cy’imyuka yatewe na CO yatewe n’ibimera byubutaka ninyanja. Ku butaka, kuzamura CO hamwe nigihe kinini cyo gukura byatumye imikurire ikura. Imihindagurikire y’ibihe yongera amapfa n’ubushyuhe bukabije bibuza imikurire y’ibihingwa, bigatuma bidashidikanywaho niba iyi karuboni izakomeza kwiyongera mu bihe biri imbere. Ubutaka burimo karubone nyinshi kandi burashobora kurekura bimwe iyo bishyushye . Nkuko CO nubushyuhe bwinshi byinjizwa ninyanja, irahindura aside, ihindagurika ryayo kandi phytoplankton ifata karubone nkeya, bikagabanya umuvuduko inyanja ikuramo karubone yo mu kirere. Muri [119], hejuru ya CO hejuru yisi Isi izakuramo igice gito cyibyuka byangiza. == Icyitegererezo == [[Dosiye:Projected_Change_in_Temperatures_by_2090.svg|thumb| Biteganijwe ko ubushyuhe bwubuso bwisi buhinduka ugereranije na 1850–1900, bushingiye kuri CMIP6 -moderi nyinshi bisobanura impinduka]] Icyitegererezo cy’ikirere kigaragaza imikorere y’umubiri, imiti, n’ibinyabuzima bigira ingaruka kuri gahunda y’ikirere. Moderi ikubiyemo kandi inzira karemano nkimpinduka zuzenguruka isi, impinduka zamateka mubikorwa byizuba, hamwe no guhatira ibirunga. Icyitegererezo gikoreshwa mukugereranya urugero rwubushyuhe bwoherezwa mu kirere hazaza bizatera igihe hasuzumwe imbaraga z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, hagati yubutaka nikirere. Imyifatire ifatika yicyitegererezo igeragezwa mugusuzuma ubushobozi bwabo bwo kwigana ibihe byubu cyangwa ibyahise. Ingero zashize zasuzuguye igipimo cyo kugabanuka kwa Arctique kandi zidaha agaciro umuvuduko w’imvura. Ubwiyongere bw'inyanja kuva mu 1990 ntibwigeze busuzumwa mu buryo bwa kera, ariko imiterere ya vuba iremeranya neza n’ubushakashatsi. Isuzumabumenyi ry’ikirere ryasohowe na Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika muri 2017 rivuga ko "imiterere y’ikirere ishobora kuba idaha agaciro cyangwa ikabura uburyo bwo gutanga ibitekerezo". Igice kinini cyimiterere yikirere cyongera ibintu byabaturage muburyo bworoshye bwikirere. Izi ngero zigereranya uburyo abaturage, ubwiyongere bwubukungu, nogukoresha ingufu bigira ingaruka – no gukorana na – ikirere cy'umubiri. Hamwe naya makuru, izo moderi zirashobora gutanga ibintu byerekana ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Ibi noneho bikoreshwa nkibintu byerekana imiterere yimiterere yikirere hamwe nicyitegererezo cya karubone kugirango hamenyekane uburyo ikirere cyo mu kirere cya gaze ya parike ishobora guhinduka mugihe kizaza. Ukurikije imibereho yubukungu nubukungu bworoheje, moderi zitanga ingufu za CO ₂ zo mu kirere zingana hagati ya 380 na 1400 ppm. Raporo ya gatandatu ya IPCC Raporo yerekana ko ubushyuhe bwisi bushobora kugera kuri 1.0&nbsp;° C kugeza 1.8&nbsp;° C mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 21 munsi y’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere . Hagati aho ubushyuhe bwisi bwagera kuri 2.1&nbsp;° C kugeza kuri 3.5&nbsp;° C, na 3.3&nbsp;° C kugeza 5.7&nbsp;° C munsi yikirere cyinshi cyane . Ibiteganijwe bishingiye ku cyitegererezo cy’ikirere hamwe no kureba. [135] Ingengo yimari ya karubone isigaye igenwa no kwerekana icyerekezo cya karubone hamwe n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere kuri gaze ya parike. Nk’uko IPCC ibivuga, ubushyuhe bw’isi burashobora kubikwa munsi ya 1.5&nbsp;° C hamwe na bibiri bya gatatu amahirwe niba imyuka ihumanya nyuma ya 2018 itarenze 420 cyangwa 570 gigatonnes ya CO . Ibi bihuye nimyaka 10 kugeza 13 yimyuka ihumanya ikirere. Hano hari byinshi bidashidikanywaho kubyerekeye ingengo yimari. Kurugero, irashobora kuba gigatonnes 100 ya CO ntoya kubera metani irekurwa na permafrost nigishanga . Icyakora, biragaragara ko ibikomoka kuri peteroli y’ibinyabuzima ari byinshi cyane ku buryo ibura ryashingirwaho mu kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere mu kinyejana cya 21. == Ingaruka == [[Dosiye:Soil_moisture_and_climate_change.svg|thumb| Raporo ya gatandatu ya IPCC Isuzuma Raporo ihinduka mubushuhe bwubutaka bwubutaka bushobora guhungabanya ubuhinzi nibidukikije. Kugabanuka k'ubushuhe bwubutaka kubwo gutandukana bisanzwe bivuze ko impuzandengo yubutaka bwubutaka buzahuza numwaka wa cyenda wumye hagati ya 1850 na 1900 aho hantu.]] === Ingaruka ku bidukikije === Ingaruka z’ibidukikije z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere ni nini kandi igera kure, bigira ingaruka ku nyanja, urubura, n’ikirere. Impinduka zirashobora kubaho buhoro buhoro cyangwa vuba. Ibimenyetso kuri izo ngaruka biva mu kwiga imihindagurikire y’ikirere mu bihe byashize, biturutse ku kwerekana imiterere, no mu bushakashatsi bugezweho. Kuva mu myaka ya za 1950, amapfa nubushyuhe byagaragaye icyarimwe hamwe no kongera inshuro. Ibihe bitose cyangwa byumye mugihe cyimvura cyiyongereye mubuhinde no muri [[Aziya]] yuburasirazuba. Igipimo cy’imvura n’ubukomezi bwa serwakira na serwakira birashoboka ko byiyongera, kandi imiterere y’akarere ishobora kwaguka poleward bitewe n’ubushyuhe bw’ikirere. <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=14–28}}</ref> Inshuro za serwakira zo mu turere dushyuha ntiziyongereye bitewe n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. <ref>{{Cite web |date=10 July 2020 |title=Hurricanes and Climate Change |url=https://www.c2es.org/content/hurricanes-and-climate-change/ |website=[[Center for Climate and Energy Solutions]] |access-date=26 February 2023 |archive-date=2 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202042723/https://www.c2es.org/content/hurricanes-and-climate-change/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Dosiye:Sea_level_history_and_projections.svg|thumb| Amateka y’inyanja yongeye kwiyubaka hamwe n’ibiteganijwe kugera kuri 2100 byasohowe muri 2017 na Porogaramu ishinzwe ubushakashatsi ku mpinduka z’Amerika muri Amerika ]] Urwego rw'inyanja ku isi ruzamuka bitewe n'ingaruka zo gushonga kw'ibarafu, gushonga kw'ibarafu muri Greenland na Antaragitika, no kwaguka k'ubushyuhe. Hagati ya 1993 na 2020, izamuka ryiyongereye igihe, ugereranije 3.3&nbsp;±&nbsp;0.3&nbsp;mm ku mwaka. Mu kinyejana cya 21, imishinga ya IPCC ivuga ko mu kirere cyinshi cyane ikirere gishobora kuzamuka kuri 61-110&nbsp;cm. Ubwiyongere bw'ubushyuhe bwo mu nyanja burimo gutesha agaciro kandi bugatera ubwoba ko hazacukurwa ahantu h'ibarafu ya Antaragitika, hashobora kubaho gushonga cyane ku rubura rwa barafu kandi bikaba bishoboka ko inyanja ya metero 2 yazamuka ikagera kuri 2100 bitewe n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. [149] Imihindagurikire y’ibihe yatumye imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo igabanuka kandi igabanuka rya barafu yo mu nyanja ya Arctique . Mugihe icyi kitarimo urubura giteganijwe kuba gake kuri 1.5&nbsp;° C dogere yubushyuhe, biteganijwe kubaho rimwe mumyaka itatu cyangwa icumi kurwego rwo gushyuha rwa 2&nbsp;° C. Ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere CO bwateye impinduka muri chimie yo mu nyanja . Ubwiyongere bwa CO bwasheshwe butera inyanja aside . Byongeye kandi, umwuka wa ogisijeni uragabanuka kuko ogisijeni idashonga mu mazi ashyushye. Uturere twapfuye mu nyanja, uturere dufite ogisijeni nkeya, nazo ziraguka. === Gutanga amanota n'ingaruka z'igihe kirekire === Ubushyuhe bukabije bw’ubushyuhe bukabije ku isi byongera ibyago byo kunyura ' ahantu hahanamye ' - imbibi zirenze izo ngaruka zimwe na zimwe ntizishobora kwirindwa nubwo ubushyuhe bwagabanutse. <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=eabn7950}}</ref> Urugero ni ugusenyuka kw'ibarafu ya Antaragitika y'Iburengerazuba na Greenland, aho ubushyuhe buzamuka 1.5 kugeza 2&nbsp;° C irashobora kwiyemeza amabati gushonga, nubwo igihe cyo gushonga kitazwi kandi biterwa nubushyuhe buzaza. <ref name="NESSC2018">{{Cite web |date=12 November 2018 |title=Tipping points in Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets |url=https://www.nessc.nl/tipping-points-ice-sheets/ |access-date=25 February 2019 |website=NESSC |archive-date=26 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226045737/https://www.nessc.nl/tipping-points-ice-sheets/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Impinduka nini nini zishobora kubaho mugihe gito, nko guhagarika imigezi imwe yinyanja nka Atlantike Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Ingingo zitanga inama zirashobora kandi kubamo kwangirika bidasubirwaho kubidukikije nkibiti byamashyamba ya Amazone hamwe namabuye ya korali. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pearce |first=Rosamund |last2=Prater |first2=Tom |date=10 February 2020 |title=Nine Tipping Points That Could Be Triggered by Climate Change |url=https://www.carbonbrief.org/explainer-nine-tipping-points-that-could-be-triggered-by-climate-change/ |access-date=27 May 2022 |publisher=CarbonBrief |archive-date=7 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007002119/https://www.carbonbrief.org/explainer-nine-tipping-points-that-could-be-triggered-by-climate-change/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Ingaruka z'igihe kirekire z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere ku nyanja zirimo gushonga urubura, ubushyuhe bw’inyanja, izamuka ry’inyanja, hamwe na aside aside . Mu bihe by’ibinyejana kugeza mu binyejana byinshi, ubunini bw’imihindagurikire y’ikirere buzagenwa cyane cyane n’imyuka ihumanya ikirere CO . Ibi biterwa na CO 'ndende yubuzima bwikirere. Kwakira inyanja CO biratinda bihagije kuburyo aside yo mu nyanja izakomeza kumyaka ibihumbi kugeza ibihumbi. [163] Bivugwa ko ibyo byuka byongereye igihe cy’ibihe by’ibihe byibuze imyaka 100.000. Ubwiyongere bw'inyanja buzakomeza mu binyejana byinshi, bivugwa ko izamuka rya 2.3 metres per degree Celsius (4.2 ft / ° F) nyuma yimyaka 2000. === Kamere n'ibinyabuzima === Ubushyuhe bwa vuba bwateje amoko menshi yo ku isi n’amazi meza poleward no kugera ahirengeye . Urwego rwo hejuru rwo mu kirere CO hamwe nigihe kinini cyo gukura byatumye habaho icyatsi kibisi. Nyamara, ubushyuhe n’amapfa byagabanije umusaruro w’ibidukikije mu turere tumwe na tumwe. Impirimbanyi zizaza zizi ngaruka zinyuranye ntizisobanutse. [167] Imihindagurikire y’ibihe yagize uruhare mu kwagura ahantu humye h’ikirere, nko kwagura ubutayu muri subtropique . Ingano n'umuvuduko w'ubushyuhe bukabije ku isi birahindura impinduka zitunguranye muri urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima bishoboka. [169] Muri rusange, biteganijwe ko imihindagurikire y’ikirere izavamo amoko menshi. [170] Inyanja yashyushye gahoro gahoro kurusha ubutaka, ariko ibimera ninyamaswa zo mu nyanja bimukiye mu nkingi zikonje vuba kurusha amoko yo ku butaka. Kimwe no ku butaka, ubushyuhe bwo mu nyanja bubaho kenshi bitewe n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, bikangiza ibinyabuzima byinshi nka korali, kelp, n’inyoni zo mu nyanja . Acide acide yo mu nyanja ituma bigora ibinyabuzima byo mu nyanja nka mussele, barnacle na korali kubyara ibishishwa na skeleti ; nubushyuhe bwahumuye amabuye ya korali . [173] Indabyo mbi ya algal yongerewe n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere hamwe na eutrophasi igabanya urugero rwa ogisijeni, bigahungabanya imiyoboro y’ibiribwa kandi bigatakaza ubuzima bw’inyanja. Ibinyabuzima byo ku nkombe birahangayitse cyane. Hafi ya kimwe cya kabiri cy’ibishanga ku isi byarazimye kubera imihindagurikire y’ikirere n’izindi ngaruka z’abantu. [175] {| class="center toccolours" |+'''Imihindagurikire y’ibihe igira ingaruka ku bidukikije''' |<gallery mode="packed" heights="120" style="line-height:120%"> Dosiye:Bleachedcoral.jpg|alt = Amafoto yo mumazi ya korali ishami ryera ryera | [[Ecological collapse|Isenyuka ry’ibidukikije]] . Guhumura [[Coral bleaching|kwa korali]] biturutse [[Marine heatwave|kumyuka yubushyuhe]] byangije [[Great Barrier Reef|inyanja nini]] kandi bibangamira [[Coral reef|amabuye ya korali]] kwisi yose. Dosiye:Orroral Valley Fire viewed from Tuggeranong January 2020.jpg|alt = Ifoto ya nimugoroba mugace ka kibaya. Igishushanyo cyumusozi uri hakurya cyaka gitukura kuva mumuriro. | [[Extreme weather|Ikirere gikabije]] . Uruzuba hamwe nubushuhe bukabije bwarushijeho gukomera muri [[2019–20 Australian bushfire season#Climate change|2020 muri Ositaraliya]] . Dosiye:National Park Service Thawing permafrost (27759123542).jpg|alt = Ahantu nyaburanga harahagarikwa ninkovu nini yuzuye ibyondo aho ubutaka bwagabanutse. | [[Climate change in the Arctic|Ubushyuhe bwa Arctique]] . [[Permafrost#Climate change effects|Permafrost yonona]] ibikorwa remezo no [[Arctic methane emissions|kurekura metani]], gaze ya parike. <ref name="Turetsky 2019" /> Dosiye:Endangered arctic - starving polar bear edit.jpg|alt = Ikidubu cyacitse intege gihagaze hejuru y ibisigazwa byurubura rushonga. | [[Habitat destruction|Kurimbuka]] . Inyamaswa nyinshi zo mu majyaruguru zishingiye ku rubura rwo mu nyanja, zagiye zicika muri Arctique ishyuha. Dosiye:Mountain Pine Beetle damage in the Fraser Experimental Forest 2007.jpg|alt = Ifoto yikibanza kinini cyamashyamba. Ibiti byatsi bivanze nibiti binini byangiritse cyangwa byapfuye bihinduka ibara ry'umuyugubwe-umutuku n'umutuku. | [[Climate change and invasive species|Gukwirakwiza udukoko]] . Ubukonje bworoheje butuma [[Mountain pine beetle|inyenzi]] nyinshi zinanasi zibaho kugirango zice amashyamba manini. </gallery> |} === Abantu === [[Dosiye:20211109_Frequency_of_extreme_weather_for_different_degrees_of_global_warming_-_bar_chart_IPCC_AR6_WG1_SPM.svg|thumb| Ikirere gikabije kizagenda kigaragara cyane uko isi ishyuha. ]] Ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere zigira ingaruka ku bantu ahantu hose ku isi. Ingaruka zirashobora kugaragara ubu kumugabane wose no mukarere kinyanja, hamwe nuburinganire buke, uduce tudateye imbere duhura ningaruka zikomeye. Ubushuhe bukomeje kugira “ingaruka zikomeye, zikwirakwira kandi zidasubirwaho” ku bantu no ku bidukikije. Ingaruka ziratangwa ku buryo butangana, ariko muri rusange ni nyinshi kubantu batishoboye mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere kandi byateye imbere. ==== Ibiryo n'ubuzima ==== OMS yashyize ahagaragara imihindagurikire y’ikirere nk’ikibazo gikomeye ku buzima bw’isi yose mu kinyejana cya 21. Ikirere gikabije kiganisha ku gukomeretsa no gutakaza ubuzima, no kunanirwa kw'ibihingwa ku mirire mibi . Indwara zitandukanye zandura zandura mu buryo bworoshye mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe, nka feri ya dengue na malariya . [188] Abana bato ni bo bibasirwa cyane no kubura ibiryo. Abana ndetse n'abantu bakuru bakunze kwibasirwa n'ubushyuhe bukabije. [189] ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS) ryagereranije ko hagati ya 2030 na 2050, imihindagurikire y’ikirere yatera impfu zigera ku 250.000 ku mwaka. Basuzumye impfu ziterwa n'ubushyuhe ku bageze mu zabukuru, kwiyongera kw'impiswi, malariya, dengue, umwuzure wo ku nkombe, n'imirire mibi y'abana. Biteganijwe ko buri mwaka hapfa abantu barenga 500.000 bapfa bakuze bitewe no kugabanuka kw'ibiribwa ndetse n'ubuziranenge. Kugeza 2100, 50% kugeza 75% byabatuye isi barashobora guhura nikirere cyangiza ubuzima bitewe ningaruka ziterwa nubushyuhe bukabije nubushuhe. Imihindagurikire y’ibihe igira ingaruka ku kwihaza mu biribwa . Byatumye igabanuka ry'umusaruro w'ibigori, ingano, na soya hagati ya 1981 na 2010. Ubushyuhe buzaza bushobora kurushaho kugabanya umusaruro wisi ku bihingwa bikomeye. Umusaruro w’ibihingwa birashoboka ko uzagira ingaruka mbi mubihugu bidafite uburinganire buke, mugihe ingaruka zamajyaruguru zishobora kuba nziza cyangwa mbi. Abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 183 biyongera ku isi, cyane cyane abafite amikoro make, bafite inzara kubera izo ngaruka. Imihindagurikire y’ibihe nayo igira ingaruka ku baturage b’amafi. Kwisi yose, bike bizaboneka kuroba. [197] Uturere dushingiye ku mazi y’ibarafu, uturere tumaze gukama, n’ibirwa bito bifite ibyago byinshi byo guhangayikishwa n’amazi bitewe n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. ==== Imibereho ==== Ibyangiritse mu bukungu bitewe n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere birashobora kuba bikomeye kandi hari amahirwe y’ingaruka mbi. Imihindagurikire y’ibihe ishobora kuba imaze kongera ubusumbane mu bukungu ku isi, kandi biteganijwe ko izakomeza. Ingaruka nyinshi ziteganijwe muri Afurika yo munsi y'Ubutayu bwa Sahara, aho abaturage benshi baho batunzwe n'umutungo kamere n'ubuhinzi ''',''' na Aziya y'Amajyepfo-Uburasirazuba. Banki y'isi ivuga ko imihindagurikire y’ikirere ishobora gutuma abantu barenga miliyoni 120 mu bukene mu 2030. [203] Ubusumbane buriho bushingiye ku butunzi n'imibereho myiza bwarushijeho kwiyongera kubera imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Ingorane zikomeye mu kugabanya, guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere, no guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere zihura n’abantu bahejejwe inyuma badafite ubushobozi buke ku mutungo. <ref name=":7">Grabe, Grose and Dutt, 2014; FAO, 2011; FAO, 2021a; Fisher and Carr, 2015; IPCC, 2014; Resurrección et al., 2019; UNDRR, 2019; Yeboah et al., 2019.</ref> Abasangwabutaka, batunzwe n'ubutaka bwabo ndetse n'ibidukikije, bazahura n'ingaruka z'imibereho yabo n'imibereho yabo kubera imihindagurikire y'ikirere. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Climate Change {{!}} United Nations For Indigenous Peoples |url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/climate-change.html |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs |archive-date=13 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113073917/https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/climate-change.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Impuguke zatanzwe zanzuye ko uruhare rw’imihindagurikire y’ikirere mu ntambara yitwaje intwaro rwabaye ruto ugereranije n’ibintu nk’ubusumbane mu mibereho n’ubukungu ndetse n’ubushobozi bwa Leta. [207] Ibirwa biri hasi hamwe n’abaturage bo ku nkombe babangamiwe n’izamuka ry’inyanja, bigatuma imyuzure ikunze kugaragara. Rimwe na rimwe, ubutaka bwatakaye burundu ku nyanja. [208] Ibi bishobora gutera ubwenegihugu kubantu bo mu bihugu birwa, nka [[Malidivezi|Malidiya]] na [[Tuvalu]] . Mu turere tumwe na tumwe, izamuka ry’ubushyuhe n’ubushuhe birashobora kuba bibi cyane ku buryo abantu batabimenyera. [210] Hamwe n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere ikabije, imishinga yerekana ko hafi kimwe cya gatatu cy’ikiremwamuntu ishobora gutura mu bihe bishyushye cyane kandi bidashobora guturwa, bisa n’ikirere kiriho ubu kiboneka muri Sahara. Izi ngingo zishobora gutwara kwimuka kw ibidukikije, haba mubihugu ndetse no mubihugu. Abantu benshi biteganijwe ko bazimurwa kubera izamuka ry’inyanja, ikirere gikabije n’amakimbirane biturutse ku guhatanira kongera umutungo kamere. Imihindagurikire y’ibihe irashobora kandi kongera intege nke, biganisha ku "baturage bafashwe" badashobora kwimuka kubera kubura amikoro. {| class="center toccolours" |+'''Imihindagurikire y’ibihe igira ingaruka ku bantu''' |<gallery mode="packed" heights="120" style="line-height:120%"> Dosiye:Village Telly in Mali.jpg|[[Environmental migrant|Kwimuka kw'ibidukikije]] . Imvura idasanzwe iganisha ku [[Desertification|butayu]] bwangiza ubuhinzi kandi bushobora kwimura abaturage. Yerekanwa: Telly, Mali (2008). Dosiye:Corn shows the affect of drought.jpg|[[Effects of climate change on agriculture|Impinduka mu buhinzi]] . Amapfa, ubushyuhe bwiyongera, nikirere gikabije bigira ingaruka mbi mubuhinzi. Yerekanwa: Texas, Amerika (2013). Dosiye:Acqua alta in Piazza San Marco-original.jpg|[[Tidal flooding|Umwuzure w'amazi]] . Ubwiyongere bw'inyanja bwongera umwuzure mu turere two ku nkombe z'inyanja. Yerekanwa: [[Venice#Flooding|Venise, Ubutaliyani]] (2004). Dosiye:US Navy 071120-M-8966H-005 An aerial view over southern Bangladesh reveals extensive flooding as a result of Cyclone Sidr.jpg|[[Tropical cyclones and climate change|Kwiyongera k'umuyaga]] . Bangaladeshi nyuma ya [[Cyclone Sidr|serwakira Sidr]] (2007) ni urugero rwumwuzure w’ibiza uturutse ku mvura yiyongereye. Dosiye:The heat is on ESA19461898.jpeg|Ubushyuhe bukabije. Ibintu nka [[June 2019 European heat wave|Kamena 2019 ubushyuhe bwi Burayi]] buragenda bwiyongera. </gallery> |} == Kugabanya no gufata ibyuka bihumanya == [[Dosiye:Greenhouse_gas_emission_scenarios_01.svg|left|thumb| Ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ku isi hose, bishingiye kuri politiki n'imihigo guhera ku ya 11/21]] Imihindagurikire y’ibihe irashobora kugabanywa mu kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere no kongera imyanda ikurura imyuka ihumanya ikirere. Kugirango ugabanye ubushyuhe bwisi kugeza munsi ya 1.5&nbsp;° C ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ku isi bigomba kuba net-zeru muri 2050, cyangwa muri 2070 hamwe na 2&nbsp;Intego ya C. Ibi bisaba impinduka zigera kure, zitunganijwe muburyo butigeze bubaho mu mbaraga, ubutaka, imigi, ubwikorezi, inyubako, n'inganda. Gahunda y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe ibidukikije ivuga ko ibihugu bigomba kwikuba gatatu ibyo byiyemeje mu masezerano y’i Paris mu myaka icumi iri imbere kugira ngo ubushyuhe bw’isi bugere kuri 2&nbsp;° C. Urwego runini rwo kugabanya rusabwa kugirango rwuzuze 1.5&nbsp;° C intego. Hamwe n'imihigo yatanzwe mu masezerano guhera mu Kwakira 2021, ubushyuhe bw’isi buracyafite amahirwe ya 66% yo kugera kuri 2.7&nbsp;° C (intera: 2.2–3.2&nbsp;° C) mu mpera z'ikinyejana. Kwisi yose, kugabanya ubushyuhe kuri 2&nbsp;° C irashobora kuvamo inyungu zirenze ibiciro. Nubwo nta nzira imwe yo kugabanya ubushyuhe bwisi kuri 1.5 cyangwa 2&nbsp; C. Kugabanya umuvuduko w’ibinyabuzima no kongera ubushobozi bwa gahunda ya karubone, impinduka nazo zaba nkenerwa mu buhinzi n’amashyamba, nko gukumira amashyamba no kugarura urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima hakoreshejwe amashyamba . Ubundi buryo bwo kugabanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere bufite ibyago byinshi. Scenarios igabanya ubushyuhe bwisi kuri 1.5&nbsp;° C mubisanzwe umushinga munini wo gukoresha uburyo bwo gukuraho karuboni ya dioxyde mu kinyejana cya 21. Hano hari impungenge, nubwo, gushingira cyane kuri tekinoroji, n'ingaruka ku bidukikije. Imicungire y'izuba (SRM) nayo ninyongera ishoboka yo kugabanya cyane imyuka ihumanya ikirere. Ariko, SRM yazamura ibibazo bikomeye byimyitwarire namategeko, kandi ingaruka ntizisobanutse neza. === Ingufu zisukuye === [[Dosiye:Global_Energy_Consumption.svg|thumb| Amakara, peteroli, na gaze gasanzwe bikomeza kuba isoko yambere yingufu zisi nubwo ibivugururwa byatangiye kwiyongera byihuse. ]] [[Dosiye:Lisberg_Burg_Windräder_Solar_power_PC313027.jpg|thumb| Umuyaga n'izuba, Ubudage]] Ingufu zisubirwamo ni urufunguzo rwo kugabanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Ibicanwa biva mu kirere byagize 80% by'ingufu z'isi muri 2018. Umugabane wasigaye wagabanijwe hagati y’ingufu za kirimbuzi n’ibishobora kongerwa (harimo amashanyarazi, bioenergy, umuyaga n’izuba n’ingufu za geothermal ). Urwo ruvange ruteganijwe guhinduka cyane mumyaka 30 iri imbere. Imirasire y'izuba hamwe n'umuyaga wo ku nkombe ubu biri muburyo buhendutse bwo kongerera ingufu amashanyarazi mashya ahantu henshi. Ibishobora kuvugururwa byagaragazaga 75% by'amashanyarazi mashya yose yashyizwe muri 2019, hafi izuba n'umuyaga. Ubundi buryo bwingufu zisukuye, nka kirimbuzi n’amashanyarazi, kuri ubu bifite uruhare runini mu gutanga ingufu. Ariko, iteganyagihe ryiterambere ryabo risa nkaho rigereranijwe. Kugera kuri 2050 kutabogama kwa karubone, ingufu zishobora kuba uburyo bwambere bwo kubyara amashanyarazi, bikazamuka kugera kuri 85% cyangwa birenga muri 2050 mubihe bimwe. Ishoramari mu makara ryavaho kandi ikoreshwa ry’amakara hafi ya 2050. Amashanyarazi aturuka ku masoko ashobora kuvugururwa nayo agomba kuba isoko nyamukuru yo gushyushya no gutwara. Ubwikorezi burashobora kuva mumodoka ya moteri yaka imbere no kugana ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi, inzira nyabagendwa, hamwe nubwikorezi bukora (gusiganwa ku magare no kugenda). <ref>{{Cite web |date=2016 |title=Transport emissions |url=https://ec.europa.eu/clima/eu-action/transport-emissions_en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010225533/https://ec.europa.eu/clima/eu-action/transport-emissions_en |archive-date=10 October 2021 |access-date=2 January 2022 |website=Climate action |publisher=[[European Commission]]}}</ref> Kubyohereza no kuguruka, lisansi nkeya yagabanya ibyuka bihumanya. <ref name=":6" /> Ubushyuhe bushobora kurushaho kuba decarbonone hamwe nikoranabuhanga nka pompe yubushyuhe . Hariho inzitizi zo gukomeza kwiyongera byihuse byingufu zisukuye, harimo nibishobora kuvugururwa. Ku muyaga n'izuba, hari ibidukikije n'imikoreshereze y'ubutaka ku mishinga mishya. Umuyaga nizuba nabyo bitanga ingufu mugihe kimwe nigihe gihindagurika . Ubusanzwe, ingomero za hydro zifite ibigega hamwe ninganda zisanzwe zikoreshwa mugihe umusaruro uhindagurika ari muke. Kujya imbere, ububiko bwa batiri burashobora kwagurwa, ingufu zikenewe hamwe nibitangwa birashobora guhuzwa, kandi kohereza intera ndende birashobora guhinduka neza kubishobora kuvugururwa. Bioenergy ntabwo iba idafite karubone kandi ishobora kugira ingaruka mbi kubiribwa. Ubwiyongere bw'ingufu za kirimbuzi bugarukwaho n'impaka zishingiye ku myanda ya kirimbuzi, ikwirakwizwa ry'intwaro za kirimbuzi, n'impanuka . <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=S38–49}}</ref> Iterambere ry’amashanyarazi rigarukira ku kuba ahantu heza hateguwe, kandi imishinga mishya ikaba ihanganye n’ibibazo by’imibereho n’ibidukikije. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hydropower |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/hydropower |access-date=12 October 2020 |website=iea.org |publisher=[[International Energy Agency]] |quote=Hydropower generation is estimated to have increased by over 2% in 2019 owing to continued recovery from drought in Latin America as well as strong capacity expansion and good water availability in China (...) capacity expansion has been losing speed. This downward trend is expected to continue, due mainly to less large-project development in China and Brazil, where concerns over social and environmental impacts have restricted projects. |archive-date=13 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013011718/https://www.iea.org/reports/hydropower |url-status=live }}</ref> Ingufu nke za karubone zitezimbere ubuzima bwabantu mukugabanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Ifite kandi inyungu mu gihe cya vuba cyo kugabanya impfu ziterwa n’ikirere, zagereranyaga miliyoni 7 buri mwaka mu 2016. Kuzuza intego zamasezerano ya Paris agabanya ubushyuhe kuri 2&nbsp;Ubwiyongere bwa C bushobora gukiza abagera kuri miliyoni muri ubwo buzima mu mwaka wa 2050, mu gihe ubushyuhe bw’isi bugera kuri 1.5&nbsp;° C irashobora kuzigama miriyoni kandi icyarimwe ikongerera umutekano ingufu no kugabanya ubukene. Kuzamura ikirere kandi bifite inyungu zubukungu zishobora kuba nini kuruta ibiciro bya mituweli. === Kubungabunga ingufu === Kugabanya ingufu zikenewe ni ikindi kintu gikomeye cyo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Niba ingufu nke zikenewe, haribindi byoroshye guhinduka byiterambere ryingufu. Bituma kandi byoroha gucunga amashanyarazi, kandi bikagabanya iterambere ryibikorwa remezo byibanda cyane. Kwiyongera kwinshi mu ishoramari ry’ingufu bizasabwa kugera ku ntego z’ikirere, ugereranije n’urwego rw’ishoramari mu mbaraga zishobora kubaho. Impinduka nyinshi za COVID-19 zijyanye no gukoresha ingufu, ishoramari rikoresha ingufu, ninkunga byatumye iteganyagihe ryiyi myaka icumi rigoye kandi ridashidikanywaho. Ingamba zo kugabanya ingufu zikenerwa ziratandukanye. Mu bwikorezi, abagenzi n’imizigo barashobora guhinduka muburyo bwiza bwo gukora ingendo, nka bisi na gari ya moshi, cyangwa gukoresha ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi. Ingamba zinganda zo kugabanya ingufu zikenewe zirimo kunoza sisitemu yo gushyushya na moteri, gukora ibicuruzwa bitita cyane ku mbaraga, no kongera ubuzima bwibicuruzwa. Mu rwego rwubwubatsi hibandwa ku gishushanyo mbonera cy’inyubako nshya, n’urwego rwo hejuru rw’ingufu zikoreshwa muri retrofiting. Gukoresha tekinoroji nka pompe yubushyuhe birashobora kandi kongera ingufu zubaka. === Ubuhinzi n'inganda === [[Dosiye:Greenhouse_Gas_Emissions_by_Economic_Sector.svg|thumb| Urebye imyuka ihumanya itaziguye kandi itaziguye, inganda nizo nzego zifite uruhare runini rw’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere.]] Ubuhinzi n’amashyamba bihura n’ingorabahizi eshatu zo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, birinda ko amashyamba ahinduka mu butaka bw’ubuhinzi, ndetse no kwiyongera kw’ibiribwa ku isi. Ibikorwa byinshi bishobora kugabanya ubuhinzi n’amashyamba ashingiye ku mashyamba bibiri bya gatatu kuva ku rwego rwa 2010. Muri byo harimo kugabanya ubwiyongere bukenewe ku biribwa n’ibindi bicuruzwa by’ubuhinzi, kongera umusaruro w’ubutaka, kurinda no kugarura amashyamba, no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere biva mu buhinzi. Kuruhande rwibisabwa, igice cyingenzi cyo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ni uguhindura abantu ibiryo bikomoka ku bimera . Kurandura umusaruro w’amatungo y’inyama n’amata byakuraho hafi 3/4 by’ibyuka bihumanya biva mu buhinzi n’ikoreshwa ry’ubutaka. Amatungo kandi afite 37% yubutaka butagira urubura kwisi kandi akoresha ibiryo biva kuri 12% yubutaka bukoreshwa mubihingwa, gutwara amashyamba no kwangirika kwubutaka. Umusaruro w'ibyuma na sima ushinzwe hafi 13% byangiza imyanda ya CO . Muri izo nganda, ibikoresho byibanda cyane kuri karubone nka kokiya na lime bigira uruhare runini mu musaruro, ku buryo kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere CO bisaba ubushakashatsi mu bundi buryo bwa shimi. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Low and zero emissions in the steel and cement industries |url=https://www.oecd.org/greengrowth/GGSD2019_IssuePaper_CementSteel.pdf |pages=11, 19–22 |access-date=2023-02-26 |archive-date=2022-09-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901044811/https://www.oecd.org/greengrowth/GGSD2019_IssuePaper_CementSteel.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> === Urutonde rwa karubone === [[Dosiye:Carbon_Dioxide_Partitioning.svg|thumb| Ibyuka byinshi byangiza imyuka CO byinjijwe no kurohama karubone, harimo gukura kw'ibimera, gufata ubutaka, no gufata inyanja (Ingengo y’imari ya 2020 ya Carbone ).]] Imyuka ya karubone isanzwe irashobora kongererwa imbaraga kugirango ikurikirane cyane CO irenze urwego rusanzwe rusanzwe. Gutema amashyamba no gutera ibiti ku butaka butari amashyamba biri mu buhanga bukuze bukurikirana, nubwo bwa nyuma butera impungenge ibiribwa. Abahinzi barashobora guteza imbere ikwirakwizwa rya karubone mu butaka binyuze mu bikorwa nko gukoresha ibihingwa bitwikiriye imbeho, kugabanya ubukana n’inshuro yo guhinga, no gukoresha ifumbire n’ifumbire nkivugurura ubutaka. Kugarura / kwidagadura ibishanga byo ku nkombe n’ibyatsi byo mu nyanja byongera gufata karubone mu bintu kama ( karubone yubururu ). Iyo karubone ifashwe mubutaka no mubintu kama nkibiti, harikibazo cyuko karubone yongeye kurekurwa mukirere nyuma binyuze mumihindagurikire yimikoreshereze yubutaka, umuriro, cyangwa izindi mpinduka mubidukikije. Iyo ingufu zitanga ingufu cyangwa CO - inganda zikomeye zikomeje gutanga imyanda CO , gaze irashobora gufatwa ikabikwa aho kurekurwa mukirere. Nubwo ikoreshwa ryayo rigarukira mubipimo kandi bihenze, gufata no kubika karubone (CCS) birashobora kugira uruhare runini mukugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere cya CO mu kinyejana rwagati. [270] Ubu buhanga, bufatanije na bioenergy ( BECCS ) bushobora kuvamo imyuka mibi: CO ikurwa mu kirere. Kugeza ubu ntiharamenyekana neza niba tekinike yo gukuramo karubone izashobora kugira uruhare runini mu kugabanya ubushyuhe kuri 1.5&nbsp;° C. Ibyemezo bya politiki bishingiye ku gukuraho karuboni ya dioxyde byongera ibyago byo gushyuha kwisi kuzamuka kurenza intego mpuzamahanga. == Kurwanya == [[Dosiye:FrontLines-EGAT_2011_Environment_Photo_Contest_Top_Entry_(5842818280).jpg|thumb| Gutera Mangrove hamwe no kubungabunga ibidukikije birashobora kugabanya imyuzure yo ku nkombe .]] [[Dosiye:Seawallventnor.jpg|thumb| Inyanja yo kurinda umuyaga ukabije watewe no kuzamuka kwinyanja]] [[Dosiye:20080708_Chicago_City_Hall_Green_Roof_Edit1.jpg|thumb| Igisenge kibisi kugirango gitange ubukonje mumijyi]] Kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere ni "inzira yo guhindura imihindagurikire y'ikirere cyangwa iteganijwe mu kirere n'ingaruka zayo". <ref name=":32">IPCC, 2022: [https://web.archive.org/web/20230122220619/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGII_SummaryForPolicymakers.pdf Summary for Policymakers] [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, M. Tignor, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem (eds.)]. In: [https://web.archive.org/web/20220318140208/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/sixth-assessment-report-working-group-ii/ Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem, B. Rama (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, pp. 3–33, doi:10.1017/9781009325844.001.</ref> : 5 Hatabayeho kugabanuka kworoheje, kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere ntibishobora gukumira ingaruka z’ingaruka zikomeye, zikwirakwira kandi zidasubirwaho. [274] Imihindagurikire y’ikirere ikabije isaba guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere, bishobora kuba bihenze cyane. [275] Ubushobozi nubushobozi abantu bashobora kumenyera bikwirakwizwa mu turere dutandukanye ndetse n’abaturage, kandi ibihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere muri rusange bifite bike. Imyaka 20 yambere yikinyejana cya 21 hagaragaye kwiyongera mubushobozi bwo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’imihindagurikire y’ibihugu byinshi bikennye kandi biciriritse hamwe n’iterambere ry’isuku n’amashanyarazi, ariko iterambere riratinda. Ibihugu byinshi byashyize mu bikorwa politiki yo kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere. Ariko, hariho itandukaniro rinini hagati yimari ikenewe kandi iboneka. [277] Kumenyera kuzamuka kwinyanja bigizwe no kwirinda ahantu hashobora kwibasirwa n’akaga, kwiga kubana n’umwuzure wiyongereye no kurindwa. Niba ibyo binaniwe, umwiherero ucungwa urashobora gukenerwa. Hano hari inzitizi zubukungu mugukemura ingaruka zubushyuhe. Kwirinda akazi gakomeye cyangwa kugira ubukonje ntibishoboka kuri bose. [279] Mu buhinzi, uburyo bwo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere burimo guhinduranya indyo irambye, gutandukana, kurwanya isuri no kunoza imiterere y’imiterere hagamijwe kwihanganira imihindagurikire y’ikirere. [280] Ubwishingizi butanga kugabana ibyago, ariko akenshi biragoye kubona kubantu binjiza amafaranga make. <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=333–334}}</ref> Uburezi, abimukira hamwe na sisitemu yo kuburira hakiri kare birashobora kugabanya ingaruka z’ikirere. [282] Gutera mangrove cyangwa gutera inkunga ibindi bimera byo ku nkombe birashobora guhagarika umuyaga. <ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Mangroves against the storm |url=https://social.shorthand.com/IUCN_forests/nCec1jyqvn/mangroves-against-the-storm.html |access-date=2023-01-20 |website=Shorthand |language=en |archive-date=2023-01-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120195218/https://social.shorthand.com/IUCN_forests/nCec1jyqvn/mangroves-against-the-storm.html |url-status=live }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=How marsh grass could help protect us from climate change |url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/10/how-marsh-grass-protects-shorelines/ |access-date=2023-01-20 |website=World Economic Forum |language=en |archive-date=2023-01-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120195234/https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/10/how-marsh-grass-protects-shorelines/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima ruhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere, inzira ishobora gushyigikirwa n'abantu. Mugukomeza guhuza urusobe rwibinyabuzima, amoko arashobora kwimuka mubihe byiza byikirere. Ubwoko burashobora kandi kwerekanwa mubice bifite ikirere cyiza . Kurinda no gusana ahantu nyaburanga nigice cya kamere bifasha kubaka imbaraga, byorohereza urusobe rwibinyabuzima guhinduka. Byinshi mubikorwa biteza imbere imihindagurikire y’ibinyabuzima, bifasha kandi abantu kumenyera binyuze mu kurwanya ibidukikije . Kurugero, kugarura gahunda yumuriro karemano bituma umuriro wibiza udashoboka, kandi bikagabanya guhura kwabantu. Guha inzuzi umwanya munini bituma habaho kubika amazi muri sisitemu karemano, kugabanya ibyago byumwuzure. Amashyamba yagaruwe akora nk'icyuzi cya karubone, ariko gutera ibiti mu turere tudakwiye birashobora kongera ingaruka z’ikirere. Hariho imikoranire hamwe nubucuruzi hagati yo kurwanya no kugabanya ibicuruzwa. Kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere akenshi bitanga inyungu z'igihe gito, mu gihe kugabanuka bifite inyungu z'igihe kirekire. <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=381–393}}</ref> Kongera imikoreshereze yumuyaga bituma abantu barushaho guhangana nubushyuhe, ariko byongera ingufu zikenewe. [[IMITURIRE|Iterambere ryimijyi]] irashobora gutuma imyuka igabanuka mu bwikorezi no kubaka. Muri icyo gihe, irashobora kongera ingaruka zo mu birwa byo mu mujyi, biganisha ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru no kwiyongera. Kongera umusaruro w'ibiribwa bifite inyungu nini haba mu kurwanya no kugabanya. == Ingamba na politiki == Ibihugu byibasirwa cyane n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere ubusanzwe byashinzwe uruhare ruto rw’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Ibi bitera kwibaza kubyerekeye ubutabera nubutabera. Imihindagurikire y’ibihe ifitanye isano n’iterambere rirambye. Kugabanya ubushyuhe bw’isi byoroha kugera ku ntego z’iterambere rirambye, nko kurandura ubukene no kugabanya ubusumbane. Ihuriro ryemewe mu ntego zirambye z’iterambere 13 ari "gufata ingamba zihutirwa zo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere n'ingaruka zayo". Intego ku biribwa, amazi meza no kurengera ibidukikije bifite aho bihurira no guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. [291] Geopolitike y’imihindagurikire y’ikirere iragoye. Byakunze gushyirwaho nkikibazo cyo gutwara abantu ku buntu, aho ibihugu byose byungukira mu kugabanya ibicuruzwa byakozwe n’ibindi bihugu, ariko ibihugu bitandukanye byatakaza kuva mu bukungu buke bwa karubone ubwabyo. Uku gushiraho kwamaganwe. Kurugero, inyungu zamakara ziva mubuzima rusange nibidukikije byaho birenze ibiciro hafi yakarere kose. Byongeye kandi, abatumiza mu mahanga ibicuruzwa biva mu kirere batsindira mu bukungu kuva mu guhindura ingufu zisukuye, bigatuma abatumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bahura n’umutungo wangiritse : ibicanwa bidashobora kugurisha. === Amahitamo ya politiki === Politiki, amabwiriza, n'amategeko menshi birakoreshwa mukugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Kugeza muri 2019, ibiciro bya karubone bikubiyemo hafi 20% byuka bihumanya ikirere ku isi. Carbone irashobora kugurwa imisoro ya karubone hamwe na sisitemu yubucuruzi bwangiza . Inkunga ya peteroli y’ibinyabuzima ku isi yageze kuri miliyari 319 z'amadolari muri 2017, na tiriyari 5.2 z'amadolari igihe ibiciro nko guhumanya ikirere biguzwe. Kurangiza ibyo birashobora gutuma igabanuka rya 28% byangiza imyuka y’ikirere no kugabanuka kwa 46% by’impfu z’ikirere. Amafaranga yazigamiwe ku nkunga y’ibinyabuzima ashobora gukoreshwa mu gushyigikira inzibacyuho y’ingufu zisukuye aho. Ubundi buryo butaziguye bwo kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere harimo ibipimo ngenderwaho by’imodoka, ibipimo bya lisansi ishobora kongerwa, n’amabwiriza yangiza ikirere ku nganda zikomeye. Ibihugu byinshi bisaba ibikorwa byingirakamaro kugirango byongere umugabane wibishobora kuvugururwa mumashanyarazi . Politiki yateguwe binyuze mu butabera bw’ikirere igerageza gukemura ibibazo by’uburenganzira bwa muntu n’ubusumbane mu mibereho. Kurugero, ibihugu bikize bifite uruhare runini rwibyuka bihumanya ikirere byishyura ibihugu bikennye kugirango bihuze. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Gabbatiss |first=Josh |last2=Tandon |first2=Ayesha |date=4 October 2021 |title=In-depth Q&A: What is 'climate justice'? |url=https://www.carbonbrief.org/in-depth-qa-what-is-climate-justice |access-date=16 October 2021 |website=Carbon Brief |language=en |archive-date=15 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211015213312/https://www.carbonbrief.org/in-depth-qa-what-is-climate-justice |url-status=live }}</ref> Mugihe ikoreshwa ryibicanwa bigabanuka, imirimo mumirenge iratakara. Kugirango bagere ku nzibacyuho iboneye, aba bantu bakeneye imyitozo kugirango bakore indi mirimo. Imiryango ifite abakozi ba peteroli benshi bakeneye ishoramari ryiyongera. === Amasezerano mpuzamahanga y’ikirere === [[Dosiye:Total_CO2_by_Region.svg|thumb| Kuva mu 2000, izamuka rya CO mu Bushinwa ndetse no ku isi yose ryarenze umusaruro w’Amerika n'Uburayi. ]] [[Dosiye:Per_Capita_CO2_by_Region.svg|thumb| Ku muntu, Reta zunzubumwe zamerika zitanga CO ku kigero cyihuta cyane kuruta utundi turere twibanze. ]] Ibihugu hafi ya byose ku isi bifite uruhare mu masezerano y’umuryango w’abibumbye y’imihindagurikire y’ikirere mu 1994 (UNFCCC). Intego ya UNFCCC ni ugukumira abantu babangamira gahunda z’ikirere . Nkuko byavuzwe muri iryo koraniro, ibi bisaba ko ingufu za gaze ya parike zihagarara mu kirere ku buryo urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima rushobora guhuza n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, umusaruro w’ibiribwa ntubangamiwe, kandi iterambere ry’ubukungu rishobora gukomeza. UNFCCC ubwayo ntabwo igabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ahubwo itanga urwego rwa protocole ikora. Ibyuka bihumanya ikirere byiyongereye kuva UNFCCC yashyirwaho umukono. Inama zayo ngarukamwaka nicyiciro cyibiganiro byisi. Amasezerano ya Kyoto yo mu 1997 yongereye UNFCCC kandi akubiyemo amasezerano yiyemeje kubahiriza ibihugu byinshi byateye imbere kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Muri iyo mishyikirano, G77 (ihagarariye ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere ) yasabye manda isaba ibihugu byateye imbere "gufata iyambere" mu kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, kubera ko ibihugu byateye imbere byagize uruhare runini mu kwegeranya imyuka ihumanya ikirere mu kirere. Umwuka w’umuturage nawo wari ukiri muto mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere kandi ibihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere byakenera kohereza byinshi kugira ngo bikemure iterambere ryabyo. Amasezerano ya Copenhagen yo mu 2009 yagaragaye cyane ko atengushye kubera intego zayo nkeya, kandi yangwa n’ibihugu bikennye harimo na G77. Amashyirahamwe yunze ubumwe yari agamije kugabanya ubushyuhe bwisi ku isi munsi ya 2&nbsp;° C. Amasezerano yashyizeho intego yo kohereza miliyari 100 z'amadolari ku mwaka mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere mu rwego rwo kugabanya no kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere bitarenze 2020, anasaba ko hashyirwaho ikigega cy’ibidukikije . As of 2020 , ikigega cyananiwe kugera ku ntego cyari giteganijwe, kandi gishobora kugabanuka mu nkunga yacyo. <ref>{{Cite journal|pages=95–108}}</ref> Muri 2015 ibihugu byose by’umuryango w’abibumbye byaganiriye n’amasezerano y'i Paris, agamije gukomeza ubushyuhe bw’isi munsi ya 2.0&nbsp;° C kandi ikubiyemo intego yo gukomeza gushyuha munsi ya 1.5 ° C. [316] Amasezerano yasimbuye Protokole ya Kyoto. Bitandukanye na Kyoto, nta ntego zoguhumanya ikirere zashyizweho mu masezerano y'i Paris. Ahubwo, urutonde rwibikorwa byakozwe bihuza. Ibihugu bigomba guhora byishyiriraho intego zikomeye kandi bigasubiramo intego buri myaka itanu. Amasezerano y'i Paris yasubiyemo ko ibihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere bigomba gushyigikirwa n'amafaranga. As of October 2021 , Ibihugu 194 n’umuryango [[Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Ibihugu by’i Burayi|w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi]] byashyize umukono kuri ayo masezerano naho ibihugu 191 kandi Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi byemeje cyangwa byemera ayo masezerano. Amasezerano mpuzamahanga ya Montreal yo mu 1987, amasezerano mpuzamahanga yo guhagarika kohereza imyuka yangiza ozone, ashobora kuba yarabaye ingirakamaro mu gukumira ibyuka bihumanya ikirere kuruta amasezerano ya Kyoto yagenewe kubikora. Ivugurura rya Kigali ryo mu mwaka wa 2016 ry’amasezerano ya Montreal rigamije kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere cya hydrofluorocarbone, itsinda ry’imyuka ihumanya ikirere yabaye umusimbura wa gaze ya ozone yabujijwe. Ibi byatumye Protokole ya Montreal amasezerano akomeye yo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Yeo |first=Sophie |date=10 October 2016 |title=Explainer: Why a UN climate deal on HFCs matters |url=https://www.carbonbrief.org/explainer-why-a-un-climate-deal-on-hfcs-matters |access-date=10 January 2021 |website=Carbon Brief |archive-date=22 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220722162400/https://www.carbonbrief.org/explainer-why-a-un-climate-deal-on-hfcs-matters/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Muri 2019, inteko ishinga amategeko y’Ubwongereza ibaye guverinoma ya mbere y’igihugu yatangaje ko ibihe byihutirwa. Ibindi bihugu nubutabera byakurikiranye. Muri uwo mwaka, Inteko ishinga amategeko y’Uburayi yatangaje "ikirere cyihutirwa n’ibidukikije". Komisiyo y’Uburayi yerekanye amasezerano y’ibihugu by’i Burayi hagamijwe guhindura Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi mu 2050. Ibihugu bikomeye muri Aziya byiyemeje imihigo nk'iyi: Koreya y'Epfo n'Ubuyapani byiyemeje kutagira aho bibogamiye muri 2050, n'Ubushinwa mu 2060. Mu 2021, Komisiyo y’Uburayi yashyize ahagaragara gahunda y’amategeko “ Fit for 55 ”, ikubiyemo amabwiriza agenga inganda z’imodoka ; imodoka zose nshya ku isoko ry’iburayi zigomba kuba imodoka zeru ziva mu 2035. Mu gihe [[Ubuhinde]] bufite imbaraga zo kongera ingufu, burateganya kandi kwagura amakara muri iki gihugu. <ref>{{Cite web |date=15 September 2021 |title=India |url=https://climateactiontracker.org/countries/india/ |access-date=3 October 2021 |website=Climate Action Tracker |archive-date=4 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211004183827/https://climateactiontracker.org/countries/india/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Kugeza mu 2021, hashingiwe ku makuru aturuka muri gahunda 48 z’ikirere z’igihugu, zihagarariye 40% by’amasezerano y’i Paris, byagereranijwe ko ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bizaba biri munsi ya 0.5% ugereranije n’urwego rwa 2010, munsi y’intego zo kugabanya 45% cyangwa 25% kugeza gabanya ubushyuhe bwisi kuri 1.5&nbsp;° C cyangwa 2&nbsp;° C. == Sosiyete == === Guhakana no gutanga amakuru atariyo === [[Dosiye:20200327_Climate_change_deniers_cherry_picking_time_periods.gif|right|thumb|Ibyatoranijwe byatoranijwe kuva mugihe gito kugirango bibeshye ko ubushyuhe bwisi butiyongera. Ibara ry'ubururu ryerekana ibihe bigufi byerekana ubushyuhe bwigihe kirekire (red redlines). Utudomo twubururu twerekana icyo bita ubushyuhe bwisi . [330]]] Impaka rusange zerekeye imihindagurikire y’ikirere zagize ingaruka zikomeye ku guhakana imihindagurikire y’ikirere no gutanga amakuru atari yo, byaturutse muri Amerika kandi kuva ubwo bikwira mu bindi bihugu, cyane cyane [[Kanada]] na Ositaraliya. Abagize uruhare mu guhakana imihindagurikire y’ikirere bagize ihuriro ryatewe inkunga kandi ihuriweho n’amasosiyete y’ibikomoka kuri peteroli, amatsinda y’inganda, ibitekerezo by’ibitekerezo byita ku bidukikije, hamwe n’abahanga mu bya siyansi. Kimwe n'inganda z'itabi, ingamba nyamukuru z'aya matsinda kwari ugushidikanya ku makuru ya siyansi n'ibisubizo. Benshi bahakana, bakirukana, cyangwa bashidikanya ku buryo budashidikanywaho ku bwumvikane bwa siyansi ku bijyanye n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere bwiswe "abakekeranya n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere", abahanga benshi bavuga ko ari amakosa . Hariho uburyo butandukanye bwo guhakana ikirere: bamwe bahakana ko ubushyuhe bubaho na gato, bamwe bakemera ubushyuhe ariko bakavuga ko ari ingaruka kamere, ndetse bamwe bagabanya ingaruka mbi z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Gukora ibintu bidashidikanywaho kuri siyanse nyuma byaje kuba impaka zakozwe : bitera kwizera ko hari ugushidikanya gukomeye ku bijyanye n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere mu bumenyi bwa siyansi hagamijwe gutinza impinduka za politiki. Ingamba zo guteza imbere ibyo bitekerezo zirimo kunenga ibigo bya siyansi, no kwibaza impamvu abahanga ku giti cyabo. <ref name="Björnberg 2017" /> Urugereko rwerekana imbuga nkoranyambaga n’itangazamakuru byateje ikibazo cyo kutumva neza imihindagurikire y’ikirere. === Kumenyekanisha rubanda n'ibitekerezo === [[Dosiye:20220629_Public_estimates_of_scientific_consensus_on_climate_change_-_horizontal_bar_chart.svg|thumb| Abaturage basuzugura cyane urugero rw'ubwumvikane bwa siyansi bwerekana ko abantu batera imihindagurikire y’ikirere. <ref name="KingsCollegeReport_20220629">{{Cite web |date=June 2022 |title=Public perceptions on climate change |url=https://peritia-trust.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/4-Climate-change_EU.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220715062933/https://peritia-trust.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/4-Climate-change_EU.pdf |archive-date=15 July 2022 |website=PERITIA Trust EU - The Policy Institute of Kings College London |page=4}}</ref> Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe kuva 2019 kugeza 2021 <ref name="Powell_2019">{{Cite journal|pages=183–184}}</ref> bwerekanye ko ubumenyi bwa siyanse buri hagati ya 98.7 na 100%.]] Imihindagurikire y’ibihe yaje kumenyeshwa n’amahanga mu mpera za 1980. Bitewe n’itangazamakuru mu ntangiriro ya za 90, abantu bakunze kwitiranya imihindagurikire y’ikirere n’ibindi bibazo by’ibidukikije nko kubura ozone. Mu muco uzwi cyane, filime y’impimbano y’ikirere ''Umunsi ukurikira ejo'' (2004) hamwe na documentaire ya Al Gore ''Ukuri kutorohewe'' (2006) yibanze ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere. <ref name=":3" /> [[Intara]] zikomeye z’akarere, uburinganire, imyaka n’itandukaniro rya politiki zirahari haba mu kwita ku baturage no gusobanukirwa n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Abantu benshi bize cyane, ndetse no mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, [[Umugore|abagore]] n’urubyiruko, wasangaga babona ko imihindagurikire y’ikirere ari ikibazo gikomeye. Ikinyuranyo cy’amashyaka kibaho no mu bihugu byinshi, kandi ibihugu bifite imyuka ihumanya ikirere ya CO usanga bititaweho cyane. Ibitekerezo ku mpamvu z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere biratandukanye cyane hagati y’ibihugu. Impungenge ziyongereye igihe, <ref name="auto1" /> kugeza aho mu 2021 abaturage benshi mu bihugu byinshi bagaragaza impungenge nyinshi z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, cyangwa bakabona ko ari ibintu byihutirwa ku isi. Inzego zo hejuru zo guhangayikishwa no gushyigikira abaturage muri politiki zita ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere. ==== Imihindagurikire y’ibihe ==== Imyigaragambyo y’ibihe isaba abayobozi ba politiki gufata ingamba zo gukumira imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Bashobora gufata uburyo bwo kwerekana imyigaragambyo rusange, kugabanya ibicanwa bya fosile, kuburana nibindi bikorwa. Imyiyerekano ikomeye irimo imyigaragambyo yishuri ryikirere . Muri iki gikorwa, urubyiruko rwo ku isi rwigaragambyaga kuva mu 2018 rusiba ishuri ku wa gatanu, ruyobowe n’umwangavu wo muri Suwede Greta Thunberg . Ibikorwa rusange byo kutumvira kwabaturage byakozwe nitsinda nka Extinction Rebellion bigaragambije bahagarika imihanda no gutwara abantu. Imanza zikoreshwa cyane nk'igikoresho cyo gushimangira ibikorwa by'ikirere bituruka mu bigo bya Leta n'ibigo. Abaharanira inyungu kandi batangiza imanza zireba guverinoma kandi bagasaba ko bafata ingamba zikomeye cyangwa kubahiriza amategeko ariho yerekeye imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Imanza ziregwamo amasosiyete y’ibikomoka kuri peteroli muri rusange arasaba indishyi z’igihombo n’ibyangiritse == Amashakiro == [[Ikiciro:Pages with unreviewed translations]] r9w6vawn5mmrblldfdekvk3m3tjlrve 0 16847 130492 122926 2026-04-17T22:29:18Z B.Scalling 15089 130492 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Urwibutso rwa Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi rwa Bisesero''', hafi ya Karongi-Kibuye Mu Burengerazuba bw'u [[Rwanda]], rwibutsa [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|itsembabwoko ryo mu Rwanda]] mu mwaka wa 1994. Hano abantu 40,000 nibo bahiciwe. <ref name="huff">[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/noam-schimmel/rwanda-genocide_b_1656970.html Bisesero: The Hill of Resistance], Noam Schimmel, 2012, Huffington Post, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> == '''Aho ruherereye''' == [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 02.jpg|thumb|Bisesero]] Urwibutso ruri ku musozi uri mu gace gato ka Bisesero uri nko muri kilometero 60 mu muhanda uva Kibuye, mu igihugu cy'u Rwanda . <ref name="huff">[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/noam-schimmel/rwanda-genocide_b_1656970.html Bisesero: The Hill of Resistance], Noam Schimmel, 2012, Huffington Post, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> == '''Amateka''' == [[Dosiye:Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_-_Near_Karongi-Kibuye_-_Western_Rwanda.jpg|left|thumb| Urwibutso rwa genoside yakorewe abatutsi]] [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 03.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso rwa Bisesero]] Itsembabwoko ryibasiye [[abatutsi]] ryatangiye muri Mata mu mwaka wa 1994. Aho abantu 40,000 bapfiriye muri ako gace gakikije Bisesero. Ntibyaribisanzwe aba bantu bagerageje kwirwanaho ndetse banasaba ingabo z'abafaransa kubacungira umutekano muburyo bwo kubarinda baticwa. Ingabo nta nshingano zari zifite zo gutabara maze bava aho bicirwaga barahabata bisubirira iwabo. Abatutsi 40,000 nibo bapfiriye hafi ya Bisesero. <ref name="huff">[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/noam-schimmel/rwanda-genocide_b_1656970.html Bisesero: The Hill of Resistance], Noam Schimmel, 2012, Huffington Post, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Uru rwibutso ni kimwe mu bigo bitandatu bikomeye byo mu Rwanda bibuka itsembabwoko ry’abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994. Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]], [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Murambi|Urwibutso rwa Murambi]] n’[[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Ntarama]] n’ahandi i Nyamata na Nyarubuye. <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] [[Ikiciro:Urwibutso]] [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Genocide]] pk2f4ep9su92h1prgkwob3095q0su2o 130493 130492 2026-04-17T22:31:51Z B.Scalling 15089 130493 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q24964531|useImage=[[File:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 01.jpg|Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_Centre_01]]}}'''Urwibutso rwa Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi rwa Bisesero''', hafi ya Karongi-Kibuye Mu Burengerazuba bw'u [[Rwanda]], rwibutsa [[Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994|itsembabwoko ryo mu Rwanda]] mu mwaka wa 1994. Hano abantu 40,000 nibo bahiciwe. <ref name="huff">[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/noam-schimmel/rwanda-genocide_b_1656970.html Bisesero: The Hill of Resistance], Noam Schimmel, 2012, Huffington Post, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> == '''Aho ruherereye''' == [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 02.jpg|thumb|Bisesero]] Urwibutso ruri ku musozi uri mu gace gato ka Bisesero uri nko muri kilometero 60 mu muhanda uva Kibuye, mu igihugu cy'u Rwanda . <ref name="huff">[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/noam-schimmel/rwanda-genocide_b_1656970.html Bisesero: The Hill of Resistance], Noam Schimmel, 2012, Huffington Post, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> == '''Amateka''' == [[Dosiye:Bisesero_Genocide_Memorial_-_Near_Karongi-Kibuye_-_Western_Rwanda.jpg|left|thumb| Urwibutso rwa genoside yakorewe abatutsi]] [[Dosiye:Bisesero Genocide Memorial Centre 03.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso rwa Bisesero]] Itsembabwoko ryibasiye [[abatutsi]] ryatangiye muri Mata mu mwaka wa 1994. Aho abantu 40,000 bapfiriye muri ako gace gakikije Bisesero. Ntibyaribisanzwe aba bantu bagerageje kwirwanaho ndetse banasaba ingabo z'abafaransa kubacungira umutekano muburyo bwo kubarinda baticwa. Ingabo nta nshingano zari zifite zo gutabara maze bava aho bicirwaga barahabata bisubirira iwabo. Abatutsi 40,000 nibo bapfiriye hafi ya Bisesero. <ref name="huff">[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/noam-schimmel/rwanda-genocide_b_1656970.html Bisesero: The Hill of Resistance], Noam Schimmel, 2012, Huffington Post, Retrieved 3 March 2016</ref> Uru rwibutso ni kimwe mu bigo bitandatu bikomeye byo mu Rwanda bibuka itsembabwoko ry’abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994. Ahandi ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali|Urwibutso rwa Kigali]], [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Murambi|Urwibutso rwa Murambi]] n’[[Urwibutso rwa jenoside rwa Ntarama|Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Ntarama]] n’ahandi i Nyamata na Nyarubuye. <ref name="unesco">[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5753/ Sites mémoriaux du génocide : Nyamata, Murambi, Bisesero et Gisozi], UNESCO, Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> == Amashakiro == {{Reflist}} [[Ikiciro:Itsembabwoko ry’u Rwanda ry’1994]] [[Ikiciro:Urwibutso]] [[Ikiciro:Rwanda]] [[Ikiciro:Genocide]] te2is93phmhyt68dry5tk3wabuj214o 0 17020 130469 130331 2026-04-17T16:58:16Z Niyigaba.05 17909 /* growthexperiments-addlink-summary-summary:2|0|0 */ 130469 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Rusumofalls.jpg|thumb|rusumo falls]] '''Urugomero rw'amashanyarazi ya Rusumo''', ruzwi ku izina rya '''Rusumo''', ni urugomero rw’amashanyarazi rwubatswe, <ref name="1R">{{Cite web |last=The Independent |date=30 March 2017 |title=Rwanda, Tanzania, Burundi start construction of Rusumo Dam |url=https://www.independent.co.ug/rwanda-tanzania-burundi-start-construction-rusumo-dam/ |access-date=21 May 2018 |location=Kampala}}</ref> hakaba hari hateganijwe gushyirwaho megawate zigera 80. Uyu mushinga wari urimo kubaka urugomero, hifashishijwe igishushanyo mbonera . megawate igishushanyo mbonera cy’ibigega cyatekerejweho mbere yo gutereranwa hashyirwaho umushinga wa MW 80 ufite ingaruka nkeya ku bidukikije ndetse bikaba bivugwa ko byatwaye miliyoni 300 amadolari ugereranije na miliyoni 400 z'amadolari ku mushinga munini. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Musoni |first=Edwin |date=12 March 2012 |title=Rusumo Hydropower To Generate 80MW |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2012-03-12/50441/ |access-date=8 April 2016 |location=Kigali}}</ref> Banki y'isi yatangaje ku wa 6 Kanama 2013 ko yemeye inguzanyo ingana na miliyoni 340 z'amadolari y'Amerika yerekeza kuri miliyoni 468.60 z'amadolari y'Amerika yarakenewe muri uyu mushinga. <ref>{{Cite web |last=World Bank |date=6 August 2013 |title=World Bank Approves Rusumo Falls Hydropower Plant |url=http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2013/08/06/world-bank-approves-rusumo-falls-hydropower-plant?cid=EXT_TWBN_D_EXT |access-date=18 February 2015 |publisher=[[World Bank]] |location=Washington, DC}}</ref> Muri Gushyingo 2013, [[Banki Nyafurika Itsura Amajyambere|Banki Nyafurika itsura amajyambere]] yemeje inguzanyo ingana na miliyoni 113 z'amadolari y'Amerika kugira ngo umushinga urangire. <ref name="African">{{Cite web |last=Hydroword |date=27 November 2013 |title=Rwanda's 80 Megawatt Rusumo Falls Hydropower Project Receives $113 Million |url=http://www.hydroworld.com/articles/2013/11/rusomo-falls-hydropower-project-receives-113-million.html |access-date=18 February 2015 |publisher=Hydroworld.com |archive-date=7 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707010602/https://www.hydroworld.com/articles/2013/11/rusomo-falls-hydropower-project-receives-113-million.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |last=AfDB |date=27 November 2013 |title=AfDB Board Commits US$113 Million to Regional Rusumo Falls Hydropower Project |url=http://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/article/afdb-board-commits-us-113-million-to-regional-rusumo-falls-hydropower-project-12610/ |access-date=18 February 2015 |publisher=[[African Development Bank]] (AfDB)}}</ref> == Aho biherereye == Sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi iri ku [[Umugezi wa Kagera|mugezi wa Kagera]], hafi y’umupaka w’u [[Rwanda Nziza|Rwanda]] na [[Tanzaniya]] hamwe na kilometero 2 hepfo na ruguru aho ibihugu byombi bisangiye umupaka uhuriweho nu [[Uburundi|Burundi]] . Uyu mushinga wubatswe ku [[Isumo rya Rusumo|isoko ya Rusumo]], hafi yumujyi wa Rusumo, hafi ya kilometero 164.5 mu majyepfo yuburasirazuba bwa [[Kigali]], [[umurwa]] mukuru numujyi munini wu Rwanda. Isumo rya Rusumo ni , mu majyepfo yuburasirazuba bwicyicaro cyintara i Kibungo, mukarere ka Ngoma. Iyi sitasiyo yamashanyarazi iri ni: 02 ° 22'47.0 "S, 30 ° 47'09.0" E ( Ubunini: -2.379722; Uburebure: 30.785833 ). == Ibindi bitekerezo == Imbaraga zitangwa zigabanywa bimwe mu bihugu nk'Uburundi, [[Rwanda|u Rwanda]], na Tanzaniya. <ref name="African"/> Amashanyarazi azavanwa mu ruganda rw’amashanyarazi akoresheje imirongo ya kilovolt 220 yohereza kuri sitasiyo zoherejwe muri: Gitega, u Burundi, intera ya kilometero 158 ; Kigali, u Rwanda, intera kilometero 115 na, Nyakanazi, Tanzaniya, intera ya kilometero 98 . <ref>{{Cite web |last=Mbesherubusa |first=Déogratias |date=2008 |title=Rusumo Falls: Water for Power Generation And Multipurpose Use, Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania |url=http://www.icafrica.org/fileadmin/documents/Water_Meeting_2008/presentations/Brief_Dam_Rusumo_falls_NBI_EN.pdf |access-date=18 February 2015 |website=icafrica.org |format=PDF}}</ref> == Amajyambere ya vuba == Mu Gushyingo 2016, hasinywe amasezerano abiri yo kubaka inzira y’amashanyarazi yasinyiwe i Kigali, mu [[RwandAir|Rwanda]]. Amasezerano ya mbere yari hagati ya Rusumo Power Company Limited hamwe n’ihuriro ry’abashoramari barimo umushinga uhuriweho na CGCOC Group Limited na Jiangxi Water and Hydropower Construction Company Limited. Aya masezerano ateganya imikorere yimirimo ya leta, harimo gutanga no gushyiramo ibikoresho bya hydro-mashini. <ref name="Sign">{{Cite web |last=Mushimiyimana |first=Diane |date=11 November 2016 |title=Rusumo power project construction a step closer |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2016-11-11/205253/ |access-date=15 November 2016 |location=Kigali}}</ref> Amasezerano ya kabiri yasinywe hagati ya Rusumo Power Company Limited n’urugaga rw’a masosiyete, harimo Rusumo Falls Andritz Hydro GmbH yo [[Ubudage|mu Budage]] na Andritz Hydro PVT Limited yo mu [[Ubuhinde|Buhinde]], kugira ngo ikore amashanyarazi yo kubyaza ingufu amashanyarazi. <ref name="Sign"/> Kugeza mu Gushyingo 2016, amafaranga ateganijwe muri uyu mushinga ni miliyoni 340 z'amadolari, azaterwa inkunga na Banki y'isi. Imirongo itatu y’amashanyarazi ihanitse izavana ingufu ziteganijwe biteganijwe ko izatwara miliyoni 121 z'amadolari, iterwa inkunga na Banki nyafurika ishinzwe iterambere. Biteganijwe ko imirimo yo kubaka izatangira muri Mutarama 2017. <ref name="Sign"/> == Ubwubatsi == * Urutonde rw'amashanyarazi mu Rwanda * [[Intara y’Iburasirazuba|Intara y'Iburasirazuba, u Rwanda]] * [[Akarere ka Kirehe]] == Reba == {{Reflist}} == Ihuza ryo hanze == [[Ikiciro:Umuriro]] 526s2fcgtnii249v70ces02969qa3qh 0 18010 130475 124638 2026-04-17T18:14:10Z MUNEZA Florien 17923 Hahinduwe imyandikire 130475 wikitext text/x-wiki ''U''buhanzi bwo guhanga ni ibintu byinshi mu bikorwa by'abantu byo guhanga udushya, kuvuga inkuru, no kugira uruhare mu muco cyane cyane mu Rwanda kuri ubu, urubyiruko rumaze kumenya gukora ibintu byinshi bitandukanye mu bugeni,bityo ku buryo bagenda bakora n'amahugurwa agiye atandukanye kugira ngo bazamurirwe ubumenyi mu byo bakora umunsi ku wundi,mu by'ukuri ubuhanzi burakataje mu Rwanda. [[Dosiye:Igiseke.jpg|thumb|Igiseke]] [[Dosiye:Teke_bottle.JPG|thumb|Agacuma]] [[Dosiye:Ikibindi_yanyweragamo.jpg|thumb|Ikibindi ]] 6lytsp52udq2hkc805hvt901nb80rl0 0 18659 130520 126206 2026-04-18T07:47:31Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130520 wikitext text/x-wiki === Ingoma y'Igasabo === [[Dosiye:Flag_of_Rwanda.svg|Flag of Rwanda]] Igihugu cy'u [[Rwanda]] rugari rwagasabo nicyo cyahanzwe nyuma yibindi bihugu byari bigize u Rwanda rwohambere, kuko cyahanzwe ahasaga mu mwaka 1000, kungoma ya Gihanga I Ngomijana akaba ariwe wabimburiye abami b'umushumi b'i Gasabo gutegeka icyo gihugu. ku ngoma ya Ruganzu I Bwimba ahasaga mu mwaka 1312, niho ingoma nyiginya yitiriwe u Rwanda , mbere yaho, yitwaga ingoma yi Gasabo gusa izina Rwanda, rikaba ryaravuye kubitero byagabwe n'abami bicyo gihugu bashaka kucyagura. === Ibirango by'Ubutegetsi === Igisigo cy'umwami Kigeli IV Rwabugiri, Inkoni y'ubwami y'umwami Kigeli wa IV Rwabugiri, Amashyoro y'Ibikomangoma cyangwa amashyoro yambarwaga n'abagore b'umwami. Ibi byose byatanzwe n'umwami Mutara wa III Rudahigwa mu mwaka wa 1949, ubwo yagiriraga uruzinduko rwa mbere mu [[Ububiligi|Bubiligi]].<ref name=":0">https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/mu-mateka/article/menya-byinshi-byo-mu-mateka-y-u-rwanda-wasanga-mu-nzu-ndangamurage-ya-africa-museum</ref> Igisingo: ni ikamba [[umwami]] yambaraga, yarikoreshaga uko abyifuza, irya Rwabugiri ryari rikozwe mu bwoya bw'ingunge yitwa Colobe iba muri Nyungwe.<ref name=":0" /> Amashyoro: hari amashyoro y'ubwoko bwinshi, hari ayari akozwe mu duti akaba ari uduti twambarwaga ku misaya, utwo duti hari ubwo twabaga dutatase cyangwa se tudatatase, iyo twabaga dutatse n'abantru bakomoka ku mwami, ni ukuvuga ibikomangoma n'abagore b'umwami cyangwa se abandi bantu bafitanye isano ya hafi n'i bwami. Hari n'amashyoro yabaga akoze mu miringa yambarwaga mu gahanga cyangwa se ku misatsi n'ibikomangoma n'abagore b'umawami.<ref name=":0" /> === Iyoboka mana mu mateka y'u Rwanda === [[Umurwa|Umubare]] wab'[[Abanyarwanda]] benshi ni abayoboke b'amadini 2 akomeye ariyo [[Ubukirisitu]] ([[Abagatolika]], [[Abaporoso]], [[Abapresibuteliyani]] n’[[abangilikani]]) n’[[ubuyislamu]], n'[[Abahamya ba Yehova]], cyane cyane [[Kiliziya Gatolika]] niyo yashinze imizi mu Rwanda. Abanyarwanda benshi ni abagatolika. Rero Kiliziya ifite uruhare runini mu buzima bwa buri munsi. Hari andi madini nayo y’abakirisitu mu Rwanda, ariko ntabwo akomeye nka Kiliziya Gatorika. Iri dini niryo rya mbere ryinjiye mu Rwanda riyobowe na Musenyeri Hirth wo mu muryango w’abapadiri bera 27 mu mwaka 1900. Abapadiri bera bazanywe mu Rwanda n’abadage, icyo gihe bategekaga u Rwanda, u [[Uburundi|Burundi]] na [[Tanzaniya]] y’icyo gihe. Abadage barindaga abapadiri bera bizera ko nabo bazashyigikira ubutegetsi bw’Abadage mu Rwanda. Ibarura ry’abaturage rya 2002 ryagaragaje ko amadini ahagaze mu buryo bukurikira muri iki gihe: Abagatolika (49.5%), Abaporotesitanti bari mu madini atandukanye (27.2%), Abadivantisite (12.2%);Abahamya ba Yehova Andi madini ya gikirisito (4%), Abatagira idini (3.6%) N’Abayisilamu (1.8%), indi myemerere 1.7%. Iri barura riragaragaza ko 98.3% by abatuye u Rwanda biyemerera ko bafite idini babarizwamo. Ibi biratwereka ko amadini ari rumwe mu nzego z’imiyoborere ihuza abantu benshi kuko amenshi muri ayo madini atandukanye cyane n’idini gakondo kuko yo ahuza abayoboke bayo kandi akabaha gahunda y’imitekerereze ndetse n’imyitwarire. Umurwa mukuru w'u Rwanda wari gasabo , bikaba n'inkomoko y'imvugo "RWANDA RUGARI RWA GASABO". Ngihanga akimara kwima , ikiranga butegetsi cye cyari" INYUNDO". Nyuma iyo ndangabutegetsi ya gihanga yaje gusimburwa ni ngoma ngabe "RWOGA" ari nayo ngoma ya mbere ndangabwami bwabanyiginya.[[Dosiye:Rwanda Nyanza Mwami Palace.jpg|thumb|inzu yari iyu mwami w'urwanda]] iyo usesenguye amateka yibihugu byari bigize uru rwanda usanga tuzi ubu, Abasinga nibo bari bafite igice kinini.<ref>[https://rwiyemeza.com/kn/mordet.php?titID=577cbf24f397ae30be7ccd4951125dda2cc&vario=229a9f382b7e96e8e74cf5c299f6634e5d&titNm=Amateka%20y%27u%20Rwanda%2020%20: https://rwiyemeza.com/kn/mordet.php?titID=577cbf24f397ae30be7ccd4951125dda2cc&vario=229a9f382b7e96e8e74cf5c299f6634e5d&titNm=Amateka%20y%27u%20Rwanda%2020%20:]</ref> rero ubwo ababirigi bazaga murwanda baciyemo urwanda amacakubiri. == Amashakiro: == f35qpthq9ebs2fuqh3ty60nh0lmm0vs 0 18745 130479 127777 2026-04-17T18:44:39Z MUNEZA Florien 17923 Hahinduwe imyandikire 130479 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Lenovo G500s laptop-2903.jpg|thumb|Mudasobwa|alt=Mudasobwa]]'''Iterambere ry’Ikoranabuhanga mu Isi ya none''' Ikoranabuhanga ni ugukoresha ubumenyi bw'ibitekerezo kugira ngo ugere ku ntego zifatika, cyane cyane mu buryo bwororoka.<ref>cyane cyane</ref> Muri iki gihe, isi imaze gutera imbere cyane mu ikoranabuhanga, aho ibintu byinshi bikorwa hifashishijwe mudasobwa, telefone zigezweho, n’ibindi bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga. Ubu abantu bashobora gukorana no gutumanaho batari kumwe, bigizwemo uruhare na interineti n’ibindi bikoresho bigezweho. Kimwe mu bintu by’ingenzi bimaze kugerwaho ni ubwenge bw’ubukorano (Artificial Intelligence - AI), aho mudasobwa zisigaye zishobora gukora ibintu byakorwaga n’abantu, nko gutanga ibisubizo mu buryo bwihuse, kwiga imyitwarire y’abantu, ndetse no gufasha mu buvuzi. Nanone, habonetse imodoka zitagira abashoferi, ndetse hari n’indege ntoya (drones) zisigaye zikoreshwa mu gutwara ibintu no gufata amashusho. Mu bijyanye n’ubuvuzi, ubu hari imashini zifasha abaganga kumenya indwara hakiri kare no gukora ibikorwa by’ubuvuzi birimo kubaga umuntu hatabayeho kumukata. Mu bijyanye n’itumanaho, interineti yihuta (5G) yatangiye kwifashishwa mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, bituma abantu babasha gukoresha interineti byihuse kandi neza. Ndetse hari no gukorwa ubushakashatsi ku ikoranabuhanga rya 6G rizaba rirushijeho kugira umuvuduko udasanzwe. Ikoranabuhanga ryageze no mu bukungu, aho amafaranga ya mudasobwa (cryptocurrency) amaze gufata intera, ndetse hari uburyo bushya bwo kwishyurana hakoreshejwe telefone, bitagisaba kugira konti muri banki. Uko ikoranabuhanga rikomeza gutera imbere, ni ko n’ubuzima bw’abantu burushaho koroha, ariko nanone hagomba gukorwa ibishoboka byose kugira ngo rikoreshwe mu buryo buboneye, ririnda umutekano w’amakuru y’abantu, kandi ridateza ibibazo mu buzima bwa buri munsi. pr1ybyvovwkn5py3mihvh79qsomr2jf 0 18746 130478 122527 2026-04-17T18:37:05Z MUNEZA Florien 17923 Hahinduwe imyandikire, Hongerwaho n'ibisobanuro ku ifoto 130478 wikitext text/x-wiki '''[https://IMIBIREHO&#x20;YA&#x20;SOCIYETE&#x20;NIBISOBANURO&#x20;BYAYO IMIBIREHO YA SOCIYETE NIBISOBANURO BYAYO]'''[[Dosiye:Wiki Advocates Ph volunteers in Highlands, Albay Province - Group photo 4.jpg|thumb|298x298px|Abakorerabushake mu misozi ]] [[Dosiye:Group of people icon.svg|thumb|218x218px]] '''Sosiyete''' ni itsinda ry'abantu bagize uruhare mu bikorwa by'imibanire myiza cyangwa itsinda rinini ry'imibereho isangiye akarere kamwe cyangwa imibereho, ubusanzwe bagengwa n'ubutegetsi bwa politiki hamwe n'ibyifuzo by'umuco byiganje. [[File:Ghent April 2012-2.jpg|thumb]] o2gjw772udso2l1r7nnm5frspvkgs42 0 18747 130476 127293 2026-04-17T18:17:52Z MUNEZA Florien 17923 Hahinduwe imyandikire 130476 wikitext text/x-wiki Siyanse ni igikorwa gikomeye, gitunganijwe cyubaka kandi gitunganya ubumenyi mu buryo bwo gusobanura no guhanura ibyerekeye isi yose Kandi ikaba yiganje mu buzima bwose bwa buri munsi amateka y'isi yegamiye akenshi kuri siyanse n'ubumenyi ngiro. [[File:Estudiante INTEC.jpg|thumb|Umunyeshuri mu masomo]] 6nna469oe7bjflizss958ojdy8ik2f6 0 18748 130480 128862 2026-04-17T18:51:25Z MUNEZA Florien 17923 Hahinduwe imyandikire 130480 wikitext text/x-wiki Siporo ni uburyo bw’imikorere cyangwa umukino. Akenshi guhatana no gutondekanya, gukoresha siporo, kubungabunga, cyangwa kuzamura ubushobozi n'ubuhanga. Akenshi iba igamije kubungabunga ubuzima bwa muntu cyangwa se guhuza abantu baturuka ahantu hatandukanye. Mu Rwanda ho siporo igaragara mu mikino ndetse no mu mirimo itandukanye isaba n'ingufu, ku buryo ushobora kuba wakora akazi ukagira icyo wiyongeraho kingana n'uwakoze siporo.<ref>https://www.kigalitoday.com/imikino-11/indi-mikino/Basanga-siporo-ifite-agaciro-mu-gutunganya-neza-umurimo</ref> Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima ([[:en:World_Health_Organization|WHO]]) n'ubundi bushakashatsi igaragaza ishusho rusange: * '''Abantu bakuru:''' Bibarwa ko hafi '''75% kugeza kuri 84%''' by'abantu bakuru muri Afurika bujuje urwego rwa siporo rukwiriye (nibura iminota 150 mu cyumweru) <ref>https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3700262/</ref> ** '''Abatishoboye (Inactive):''' Raporo ya( [[:en:World_Health_Organization|WHO]]) ivuga ko muri rusange '''22.1%''' by'abantu bakuru muri Afurika (ni ukuvuga abasaga '''miliyoni 223''') badakora siporo ihagije WHO Africa.<ref>https://www.afro.who.int/sites/default/files/2020-10/AFR-RC70-10%20Framework%20for%20the%20implementation%20of%20the%20GAPPA.pdf</ref> [[File:Leisure activity in Mongolia.jpg|thumb|Imyidagaduro]] bmvq0fwb8pz323231vwwmzrliomamfi 0 19885 130496 120749 2026-04-18T07:08:10Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130496 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Genocide Memorial site of Gisozi Kigali Genocide Memorial 006.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso rwo ku Gisozi-kigali]] Urwibutso rwa Gisozi ni Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Kigali . Ruruhukiyemo imibiri y'abasaga ibihumbi 250 y'abazize jenocide yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. ruherereye ku musozi wa Gisozi,Urwibutso rwa Kigali ni rumwe mu zubatswe ku ikubitiro nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi kuko mu 1994 aribwo umusozi wa Gisozi watoranyijwe ngo imibiri y’abazize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi iharuhukire. Uru rwibutso ruherereye mu Murenge wa Gisozi, Akarere ka Gasabo.<ref>Gisozi, Murambi, Nyamata na Bisesero: Ibyo wamenya kuri izi nzibutso ziri mu murage w’Isi wa UNESCO - ICK News</ref> uru rwibutso rwubatse mu rwego rwo gufasha abarokotse jenocide n'abandi bantu bose kuzirikana ku mateka y'icyo gihe,no gukomeza kwigisha isi yose ku ngaruka zayo.<ref>Microsoft Copilot: Your AI companion</ref> [[Dosiye:Wiki Indaba 2022 Viste des Wikimédiens au mémorial du génocide de Kigali au Rwanda 14.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso rwo ku Gisozi]] === Nyuma y'ivugururwa ry'urwibutso rwo ku Gisozi Abanyarwanda barasabwa kurushaho kurusura === Ubuyobozi bw’urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali ruri ku Gisozi bufatanyije n’inshuti zarwo, basabye [[abanyarwanda]] kutirara bareka gusura inzibutso za Jenoside, kubera urwitwazo ko baba barazisuye cyangwa ko ntaho babona ho kwibukira ku Gisozi. Umuryango mpuzamahanga wa Aegis Trust wita ku rwibutso rwo ku Gisozi, watangaje ko ibyumba byo kwigiramo ububi bwa Jenoside, ndetse n’ikibanza cyo kwicaramo, kumva no kureba ibikorwa bijyanye no kwibuka (Amphitheatre), byamaze kubakwa.<ref>Nyuma y’aho Urwibutso rwa Gisozi ruvugururiwe Abanyarwanda barasabwa kurushaho kurusura - Kigali Today</ref> “Uru rwibutso ntirugomba guhagararira gusa ku kwerekana amateka, ahubwo twashatse ko ayo mateka [agomba kuba amateka y’isi], yaba umusingi w’ibihe byiza bizaza; niyo mpamvu hubatswe iyi ‘amphitheatre’, kuko iyo hazaga abantu barenze 1,000 baburaga aho bicara, bikaba ngombwa ko basimburana”, nk’uko Umuyobozi wa Aegis Trust, Freddy Mutanguha yabitangaje. [[Dosiye:Wiki Indaba 2022 Viste des Wikimédiens au mémorial du génocide de Kigali au Rwanda 10.jpg|thumb|''Abantu bagiye gusura Urwibutso'']] ‘Amphitheatre’ yo ku Gisozi (ikibanza kigizwe n’intebe zubatswe n’amabuye) ngo ishobora kwakira abantu bagera kuri 5,000 icyarimwe, bakareba, bakumva inyigisho, imikino n’ibindi bagezwaho n’abantu bari imbere yabo, mu gikono gikozwe mu byuma kihateretse. Urwibutso rwo ku Gisozi ngo rugiye kubakirwa kandi ikigo mpuzamahanga kibikwamo inyandiko zivuga kuri Jenoside zagiye ziba ku isi; ku buryo ngo abavuye mu bihugu bitandukanye bajya baza kuhigira amasomo yo gukumira Jenoside n’ubundi bugome bukorerwa ikiremwamuntu, nk’uko Mutangana yabisobanuye. [[Dosiye:Genocide Memorial site of Gisozi Kigali Genocide Memorial 025.jpg|thumb|''Amwe mu mazina y'abazize Jenocide yakorewe Abatutsi 1994'']] Muri iki gihe abanyarwanda basura urwibutso rwo ku Gisozi ngo baragabanutse basigara batarenga 50% bavuye kuri 70% y’abazaga mu myaka ibiri ishize ; ibyo bigaterwa n’uko benshi ngo biyumvisha ko basuye urwo rwibutso inshuro nyinshi, n’ubwo Mutangana ngo atirengagiza ikibazo cy’amikoro make kuri bamwe. Abadepite Mutesi Anita na Jean Marie Vianney Gatabazi bo mu ihuriro rigize inshuti z’u rwibutso mu Nteko ishinga amategeko y’u Rwanda, bamenyesha ko kwibuka bitazigera bireka gukorwa, bagasaba abanyarwanda kutirara no kutumva ko gusura urwibutso rimwe bihagije. “Abanyarwanda bagomba guhora baza hano gusura urwibutso, bakumva impamvu Jenoside yabaye kugirango itazongera kubaho; uretse ko hari benshi bataranasobanukirwa uko Jenoside yabaye”, Depite Mutesi. Nyuma yo kubaka Amphitheatre ku Gisozi, abakozi ba banki za COGEBANKI na ACCESS baje kuhibukira, banatera inkunga izo nyubako zitararangira neza, aho Cogebanki yatanze ibihumbi 20 by’amadolari, Acces itanga ibihumbi 10 by’amadolari, yiyongera ku zindi nkunga izo banki zivuga ko zagiye zifashisha urwibutso rwo ku Gisozi.<references /> 2dvz8r6rmdn09pokhaet7kkaxma96u8 130497 130496 2026-04-18T07:08:46Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130497 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Genocide Memorial site of Gisozi Kigali Genocide Memorial 006.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso rwo ku Gisozi-kigali]] Urwibutso rwa Gisozi ni Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Kigali . Ruruhukiyemo imibiri y'abasaga ibihumbi 250 y'abazize jenocide yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. ruherereye ku musozi wa Gisozi,Urwibutso rwa Kigali ni rumwe mu zubatswe ku ikubitiro nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi kuko mu 1994 aribwo umusozi wa Gisozi watoranyijwe ngo imibiri y’abazize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi iharuhukire. Uru rwibutso ruherereye mu Murenge wa Gisozi, Akarere ka Gasabo.<ref>Gisozi, Murambi, Nyamata na Bisesero: Ibyo wamenya kuri izi nzibutso ziri mu murage w’Isi wa UNESCO - ICK News</ref> uru rwibutso rwubatse mu rwego rwo gufasha abarokotse jenocide n'abandi bantu bose kuzirikana ku mateka y'icyo gihe,no gukomeza kwigisha isi yose ku ngaruka zayo.<ref>Microsoft Copilot: Your AI companion</ref> [[Dosiye:Wiki Indaba 2022 Viste des Wikimédiens au mémorial du génocide de Kigali au Rwanda 14.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso rwo ku Gisozi-kigali]] === Nyuma y'ivugururwa ry'urwibutso rwo ku Gisozi Abanyarwanda barasabwa kurushaho kurusura === Ubuyobozi bw’urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali ruri ku Gisozi bufatanyije n’inshuti zarwo, basabye [[abanyarwanda]] kutirara bareka gusura inzibutso za Jenoside, kubera urwitwazo ko baba barazisuye cyangwa ko ntaho babona ho kwibukira ku Gisozi. Umuryango mpuzamahanga wa Aegis Trust wita ku rwibutso rwo ku Gisozi, watangaje ko ibyumba byo kwigiramo ububi bwa Jenoside, ndetse n’ikibanza cyo kwicaramo, kumva no kureba ibikorwa bijyanye no kwibuka (Amphitheatre), byamaze kubakwa.<ref>Nyuma y’aho Urwibutso rwa Gisozi ruvugururiwe Abanyarwanda barasabwa kurushaho kurusura - Kigali Today</ref> “Uru rwibutso ntirugomba guhagararira gusa ku kwerekana amateka, ahubwo twashatse ko ayo mateka [agomba kuba amateka y’isi], yaba umusingi w’ibihe byiza bizaza; niyo mpamvu hubatswe iyi ‘amphitheatre’, kuko iyo hazaga abantu barenze 1,000 baburaga aho bicara, bikaba ngombwa ko basimburana”, nk’uko Umuyobozi wa Aegis Trust, Freddy Mutanguha yabitangaje. [[Dosiye:Wiki Indaba 2022 Viste des Wikimédiens au mémorial du génocide de Kigali au Rwanda 10.jpg|thumb|''Abantu bagiye gusura Urwibutso'']] ‘Amphitheatre’ yo ku Gisozi (ikibanza kigizwe n’intebe zubatswe n’amabuye) ngo ishobora kwakira abantu bagera kuri 5,000 icyarimwe, bakareba, bakumva inyigisho, imikino n’ibindi bagezwaho n’abantu bari imbere yabo, mu gikono gikozwe mu byuma kihateretse. Urwibutso rwo ku Gisozi ngo rugiye kubakirwa kandi ikigo mpuzamahanga kibikwamo inyandiko zivuga kuri Jenoside zagiye ziba ku isi; ku buryo ngo abavuye mu bihugu bitandukanye bajya baza kuhigira amasomo yo gukumira Jenoside n’ubundi bugome bukorerwa ikiremwamuntu, nk’uko Mutangana yabisobanuye. [[Dosiye:Genocide Memorial site of Gisozi Kigali Genocide Memorial 025.jpg|thumb|''Amwe mu mazina y'abazize Jenocide yakorewe Abatutsi 1994'']] Muri iki gihe abanyarwanda basura urwibutso rwo ku Gisozi ngo baragabanutse basigara batarenga 50% bavuye kuri 70% y’abazaga mu myaka ibiri ishize ; ibyo bigaterwa n’uko benshi ngo biyumvisha ko basuye urwo rwibutso inshuro nyinshi, n’ubwo Mutangana ngo atirengagiza ikibazo cy’amikoro make kuri bamwe. Abadepite Mutesi Anita na Jean Marie Vianney Gatabazi bo mu ihuriro rigize inshuti z’u rwibutso mu Nteko ishinga amategeko y’u Rwanda, bamenyesha ko kwibuka bitazigera bireka gukorwa, bagasaba abanyarwanda kutirara no kutumva ko gusura urwibutso rimwe bihagije. “Abanyarwanda bagomba guhora baza hano gusura urwibutso, bakumva impamvu Jenoside yabaye kugirango itazongera kubaho; uretse ko hari benshi bataranasobanukirwa uko Jenoside yabaye”, Depite Mutesi. Nyuma yo kubaka Amphitheatre ku Gisozi, abakozi ba banki za COGEBANKI na ACCESS baje kuhibukira, banatera inkunga izo nyubako zitararangira neza, aho Cogebanki yatanze ibihumbi 20 by’amadolari, Acces itanga ibihumbi 10 by’amadolari, yiyongera ku zindi nkunga izo banki zivuga ko zagiye zifashisha urwibutso rwo ku Gisozi.<references /> cwembjynu71arqizyoncutqyu8njy4c 130498 130497 2026-04-18T07:09:42Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130498 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:Genocide Memorial site of Gisozi Kigali Genocide Memorial 006.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso rwo ku Gisozi-kigali]] Urwibutso rwa Gisozi ni Urwibutso rwa jenocide rwa Kigali . Ruruhukiyemo imibiri y'abasaga ibihumbi 250 y'abazize jenocide yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. ruherereye ku musozi wa Gisozi,Urwibutso rwa Kigali ni rumwe mu zubatswe ku ikubitiro nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi kuko mu 1994 aribwo umusozi wa Gisozi watoranyijwe ngo imibiri y’abazize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi iharuhukire. Uru rwibutso ruherereye mu Murenge wa Gisozi, Akarere ka Gasabo.<ref>Gisozi, Murambi, Nyamata na Bisesero: Ibyo wamenya kuri izi nzibutso ziri mu murage w’Isi wa UNESCO - ICK News</ref> uru rwibutso rwubatse mu rwego rwo gufasha abarokotse jenocide n'abandi bantu bose kuzirikana ku mateka y'icyo gihe,no gukomeza kwigisha isi yose ku ngaruka zayo.<ref>Microsoft Copilot: Your AI companion</ref> [[Dosiye:Wiki Indaba 2022 Viste des Wikimédiens au mémorial du génocide de Kigali au Rwanda 14.jpg|thumb|Urwibutso rwo ku Gisozi-kigali]] === Nyuma y'ivugururwa ry'urwibutso rwo ku Gisozi Abanyarwanda barasabwa kurushaho kurusura === Ubuyobozi bw’urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali ruri ku Gisozi bufatanyije n’inshuti zarwo, basabye [[abanyarwanda]] kutirara bareka gusura inzibutso za Jenoside, kubera urwitwazo ko baba barazisuye cyangwa ko ntaho babona ho kwibukira ku Gisozi. Umuryango mpuzamahanga wa Aegis Trust wita ku rwibutso rwo ku Gisozi, watangaje ko ibyumba byo kwigiramo ububi bwa Jenoside, ndetse n’ikibanza cyo kwicaramo, kumva no kureba ibikorwa bijyanye no kwibuka (Amphitheatre), byamaze kubakwa.<ref>Nyuma y’aho Urwibutso rwa Gisozi ruvugururiwe Abanyarwanda barasabwa kurushaho kurusura - Kigali Today</ref> “Uru rwibutso ntirugomba guhagararira gusa ku kwerekana amateka, ahubwo twashatse ko ayo mateka [agomba kuba amateka y’isi], yaba umusingi w’ibihe byiza bizaza; niyo mpamvu hubatswe iyi ‘amphitheatre’, kuko iyo hazaga abantu barenze 1,000 baburaga aho bicara, bikaba ngombwa ko basimburana”, nk’uko Umuyobozi wa Aegis Trust, Freddy Mutanguha yabitangaje. [[Dosiye:Wiki Indaba 2022 Viste des Wikimédiens au mémorial du génocide de Kigali au Rwanda 10.jpg|thumb|''Abantu bagiye gusura Urwibutso'']] ‘Amphitheatre’ yo ku Gisozi (ikibanza kigizwe n’intebe zubatswe n’amabuye) ngo ishobora kwakira abantu bagera kuri 5,000 icyarimwe, bakareba, bakumva inyigisho, imikino n’ibindi bagezwaho n’abantu bari imbere yabo, mu gikono gikozwe mu byuma kihateretse. Urwibutso rwo ku Gisozi ngo rugiye kubakirwa kandi ikigo mpuzamahanga kibikwamo inyandiko zivuga kuri Jenoside zagiye ziba ku isi; ku buryo ngo abavuye mu bihugu bitandukanye bajya baza kuhigira amasomo yo gukumira Jenoside n’ubundi bugome bukorerwa ikiremwamuntu, nk’uko Mutangana yabisobanuye. [[Dosiye:Genocide Memorial site of Gisozi Kigali Genocide Memorial 025.jpg|thumb|''Amwe mu mazina y'abazize Jenocide yakorewe Abatutsi muri mata1994'']] Muri iki gihe abanyarwanda basura urwibutso rwo ku Gisozi ngo baragabanutse basigara batarenga 50% bavuye kuri 70% y’abazaga mu myaka ibiri ishize ; ibyo bigaterwa n’uko benshi ngo biyumvisha ko basuye urwo rwibutso inshuro nyinshi, n’ubwo Mutangana ngo atirengagiza ikibazo cy’amikoro make kuri bamwe. Abadepite Mutesi Anita na Jean Marie Vianney Gatabazi bo mu ihuriro rigize inshuti z’u rwibutso mu Nteko ishinga amategeko y’u Rwanda, bamenyesha ko kwibuka bitazigera bireka gukorwa, bagasaba abanyarwanda kutirara no kutumva ko gusura urwibutso rimwe bihagije. “Abanyarwanda bagomba guhora baza hano gusura urwibutso, bakumva impamvu Jenoside yabaye kugirango itazongera kubaho; uretse ko hari benshi bataranasobanukirwa uko Jenoside yabaye”, Depite Mutesi. Nyuma yo kubaka Amphitheatre ku Gisozi, abakozi ba banki za COGEBANKI na ACCESS baje kuhibukira, banatera inkunga izo nyubako zitararangira neza, aho Cogebanki yatanze ibihumbi 20 by’amadolari, Acces itanga ibihumbi 10 by’amadolari, yiyongera ku zindi nkunga izo banki zivuga ko zagiye zifashisha urwibutso rwo ku Gisozi.<references /> buxqer3pf2p16s46rc4softsjtnp78r 0 20182 130512 123123 2026-04-18T07:36:55Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130512 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:1994 Rwandan Genocide.jpg|thumb|385x385px|genoside yakorewe abatutsi murwanda 1994]] ni urwibutso ruherereye mukarere ka kirehe mumurenge wa nyarubuye rwegereye kiriziya gatorika paruwasi ya nyarubuye ururwibutso ruruhukiyemo imibiri yinzirakarengane zazize jenoside ya korewe abatutsi mu rwanda 1994. haruhukiyemo imibiri isaga ibihumbi 60. abarokokeye muri iyi paruwasi ya nyarubuye bavugako genoside yaho yakoranywe ubugome bukabije kuko abatutsi baho bishwe bakaribwa imitima iminja zigasekurwa mwisekuru zigakubitwa kunkuta zurusengero.<ref>[https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/i-nyarubuye-jenoside-yakoranwe-ubugome-bwindengakamere/ I Nyarubuye Jenoside yakoranwe ubugome bw’indengakamere – MUHAZIYACU]</ref> === amateka === mu basuye urwibutso rwa nyarubuye beretswe ibimenyetso bigaragaza ubwicanyi ndenga kamere bwakoranywe genoside yabereye muri paruwasi ya nyarubuye aho beretse ifuru yokerezwagaho imitima yabatutsi berekwa amasekuru aho imina zakubitagwa . imivure yategwagamo amaraso yabatutsi bishwe kugirango barebe ko ahinduka amata. abarokotse bashimye RPF inkotanyi nabandi baturage babafashije kurokoka basaba gukomeza umutima wubutwari aribyo bizaca inzangano zijyanye namacakubiri yagejeje igihugu mwicuraburindi<ref>[https://www.kigalitoday.com/kwibuka/article/amateka-y-urwibutso-rwa-nyarubuye-abera-ndengakamere-ku-barusura Amateka y’urwibutso rwa Nyarubuye abera ndengakamere ku barusura - Kigali Today]</ref> 4fufkxjup1fcpw46fnzzj9yqgfaichf 130513 130512 2026-04-18T07:37:35Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130513 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:1994 Rwandan Genocide.jpg|thumb|385x385px|genoside yakorewe abatutsi murwanda 1994]] ni urwibutso ruherereye mukarere ka kirehe mumurenge wa nyarubuye rwegereye kiriziya gatorika paruwasi ya nyarubuye ururwibutso ruruhukiyemo imibiri yinzirakarengane zazize [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|jenoside]] ya korewe abatutsi mu rwanda 1994. haruhukiyemo imibiri isaga ibihumbi 60. abarokokeye muri iyi paruwasi ya nyarubuye bavugako genoside yaho yakoranywe ubugome bukabije kuko abatutsi baho bishwe bakaribwa imitima iminja zigasekurwa mwisekuru zigakubitwa kunkuta zurusengero.<ref>[https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/i-nyarubuye-jenoside-yakoranwe-ubugome-bwindengakamere/ I Nyarubuye Jenoside yakoranwe ubugome bw’indengakamere – MUHAZIYACU]</ref> === amateka === mu basuye urwibutso rwa nyarubuye beretswe ibimenyetso bigaragaza ubwicanyi ndenga kamere bwakoranywe genoside yabereye muri paruwasi ya nyarubuye aho beretse ifuru yokerezwagaho imitima yabatutsi berekwa amasekuru aho imina zakubitagwa . imivure yategwagamo amaraso yabatutsi bishwe kugirango barebe ko ahinduka amata. abarokotse bashimye RPF inkotanyi nabandi baturage babafashije kurokoka basaba gukomeza umutima wubutwari aribyo bizaca inzangano zijyanye namacakubiri yagejeje igihugu mwicuraburindi<ref>[https://www.kigalitoday.com/kwibuka/article/amateka-y-urwibutso-rwa-nyarubuye-abera-ndengakamere-ku-barusura Amateka y’urwibutso rwa Nyarubuye abera ndengakamere ku barusura - Kigali Today]</ref> 3va9tk64sk3312j33ad8cs6zbx0b1z1 130514 130513 2026-04-18T07:38:48Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130514 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:1994 Rwandan Genocide.jpg|thumb|385x385px|genoside yakorewe abatutsi murwanda 1994]] ni urwibutso ruherereye mukarere ka kirehe mumurenge wa nyarubuye rwegereye kiriziya gatorika paruwasi ya nyarubuye ururwibutso ruruhukiyemo imibiri yinzirakarengane zazize [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|jenoside]] ya korewe abatutsi mu rwanda 1994. haruhukiyemo imibiri isaga ibihumbi 60. abarokokeye muri iyi paruwasi ya nyarubuye bavugako genoside yaho yakoranywe ubugome bukabije kuko abatutsi baho bishwe bakaribwa imitima iminja zigasekurwa mwisekuru zigakubitwa kunkuta z'urusengero.<ref>[https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/i-nyarubuye-jenoside-yakoranwe-ubugome-bwindengakamere/ I Nyarubuye Jenoside yakoranwe ubugome bw’indengakamere – MUHAZIYACU]</ref> === amateka === mu basuye urwibutso rwa nyarubuye beretswe ibimenyetso bigaragaza ubwicanyi ndenga kamere bwakoranywe genoside yabereye muri paruwasi ya nyarubuye aho beretse ifuru yokerezwagaho imitima yabatutsi berekwa amasekuru aho imina zakubitagwa . imivure yategwagamo amaraso yabatutsi bishwe kugirango barebe ko ahinduka amata. abarokotse bashimye RPF inkotanyi nabandi baturage babafashije kurokoka basaba gukomeza umutima wubutwari aribyo bizaca inzangano zijyanye namacakubiri yagejeje igihugu mwicuraburindi<ref>[https://www.kigalitoday.com/kwibuka/article/amateka-y-urwibutso-rwa-nyarubuye-abera-ndengakamere-ku-barusura Amateka y’urwibutso rwa Nyarubuye abera ndengakamere ku barusura - Kigali Today]</ref> old4ampg4rffi4v84bc74vbmuabpc81 130515 130514 2026-04-18T07:39:13Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130515 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:1994 Rwandan Genocide.jpg|thumb|385x385px|genoside yakorewe abatutsi murwanda 1994]] Ni urwibutso ruherereye mukarere ka kirehe mumurenge wa nyarubuye rwegereye kiriziya gatorika paruwasi ya nyarubuye ururwibutso ruruhukiyemo imibiri yinzirakarengane zazize [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|jenoside]] ya korewe abatutsi mu rwanda 1994. haruhukiyemo imibiri isaga ibihumbi 60. abarokokeye muri iyi paruwasi ya nyarubuye bavugako genoside yaho yakoranywe ubugome bukabije kuko abatutsi baho bishwe bakaribwa imitima iminja zigasekurwa mwisekuru zigakubitwa kunkuta z'urusengero.<ref>[https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/i-nyarubuye-jenoside-yakoranwe-ubugome-bwindengakamere/ I Nyarubuye Jenoside yakoranwe ubugome bw’indengakamere – MUHAZIYACU]</ref> === amateka === mu basuye urwibutso rwa nyarubuye beretswe ibimenyetso bigaragaza ubwicanyi ndenga kamere bwakoranywe genoside yabereye muri paruwasi ya nyarubuye aho beretse ifuru yokerezwagaho imitima yabatutsi berekwa amasekuru aho imina zakubitagwa . imivure yategwagamo amaraso yabatutsi bishwe kugirango barebe ko ahinduka amata. abarokotse bashimye RPF inkotanyi nabandi baturage babafashije kurokoka basaba gukomeza umutima wubutwari aribyo bizaca inzangano zijyanye namacakubiri yagejeje igihugu mwicuraburindi<ref>[https://www.kigalitoday.com/kwibuka/article/amateka-y-urwibutso-rwa-nyarubuye-abera-ndengakamere-ku-barusura Amateka y’urwibutso rwa Nyarubuye abera ndengakamere ku barusura - Kigali Today]</ref> a7anbonxw8ysv2yps69kfas74wn201s 130516 130515 2026-04-18T07:40:04Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130516 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:1994 Rwandan Genocide.jpg|thumb|385x385px|genoside yakorewe abatutsi murwanda 1994]] Ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside|urwibutso]] ruherereye mukarere ka kirehe mumurenge wa nyarubuye rwegereye kiriziya gatorika paruwasi ya nyarubuye ururwibutso ruruhukiyemo imibiri yinzirakarengane zazize [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|jenoside]] ya korewe abatutsi mu rwanda 1994. haruhukiyemo imibiri isaga ibihumbi 60. abarokokeye muri iyi paruwasi ya nyarubuye bavugako genoside yaho yakoranywe ubugome bukabije kuko abatutsi baho bishwe bakaribwa imitima iminja zigasekurwa mwisekuru zigakubitwa kunkuta z'urusengero.<ref>[https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/i-nyarubuye-jenoside-yakoranwe-ubugome-bwindengakamere/ I Nyarubuye Jenoside yakoranwe ubugome bw’indengakamere – MUHAZIYACU]</ref> === amateka === mu basuye urwibutso rwa nyarubuye beretswe ibimenyetso bigaragaza ubwicanyi ndenga kamere bwakoranywe genoside yabereye muri paruwasi ya nyarubuye aho beretse ifuru yokerezwagaho imitima yabatutsi berekwa amasekuru aho imina zakubitagwa . imivure yategwagamo amaraso yabatutsi bishwe kugirango barebe ko ahinduka amata. abarokotse bashimye RPF inkotanyi nabandi baturage babafashije kurokoka basaba gukomeza umutima wubutwari aribyo bizaca inzangano zijyanye namacakubiri yagejeje igihugu mwicuraburindi<ref>[https://www.kigalitoday.com/kwibuka/article/amateka-y-urwibutso-rwa-nyarubuye-abera-ndengakamere-ku-barusura Amateka y’urwibutso rwa Nyarubuye abera ndengakamere ku barusura - Kigali Today]</ref> 8rbecmo5x7h7iw9rhfnxdwq3pls6a4m 130517 130516 2026-04-18T07:41:13Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130517 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:1994 Rwandan Genocide.jpg|thumb|385x385px|genoside yakorewe abatutsi murwanda 1994]] Ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside|urwibutso]] ruherereye mukarere ka kirehe mumurenge wa nyarubuye rwegereye kiriziya gatorika paruwasi ya nyarubuye ururwibutso ruruhukiyemo imibiri yinzirakarengane zazize [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|jenoside]] ya korewe abatutsi mu rwanda 1994. haruhukiyemo imibiri isaga ibihumbi 60. abarokokeye muri iyi paruwasi ya nyarubuye bavugako genoside yaho yakoranywe ubugome bukabije kuko abatutsi baho bishwe bakaribwa imitima iminja zigasekurwa mwisekuru zigakubitwa kunkuta z'urusengero.<ref>[https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/i-nyarubuye-jenoside-yakoranwe-ubugome-bwindengakamere/ I Nyarubuye Jenoside yakoranwe ubugome bw’indengakamere – MUHAZIYACU]</ref> === amateka === mu basuye urwibutso rwa nyarubuye beretswe ibimenyetso bigaragaza ubwicanyi ndenga kamere bwakoranywe Jenoside yabereye muri paruwasi ya nyarubuye aho beretse ifuru yokerezwagaho imitima yabatutsi berekwa amasekuru aho imina zakubitagwa . imivure yategwagamo amaraso yabatutsi bishwe kugirango barebe ko ahinduka amata. abarokotse bashimye RPF inkotanyi nabandi baturage babafashije kurokoka basaba gukomeza umutima wubutwari aribyo bizaca inzangano zijyanye namacakubiri yagejeje igihugu mwicuraburindi<ref>[https://www.kigalitoday.com/kwibuka/article/amateka-y-urwibutso-rwa-nyarubuye-abera-ndengakamere-ku-barusura Amateka y’urwibutso rwa Nyarubuye abera ndengakamere ku barusura - Kigali Today]</ref> sa7fjwk7ipd19oqyor98pft04megh7n 130518 130517 2026-04-18T07:42:08Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130518 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:1994 Rwandan Genocide.jpg|thumb|385x385px|genoside yakorewe abatutsi murwanda 1994]] Ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside|urwibutso]] ruherereye mukarere ka kirehe mumurenge wa nyarubuye rwegereye kiriziya gatorika paruwasi ya nyarubuye ururwibutso ruruhukiyemo imibiri yinzirakarengane zazize [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|jenoside]] ya korewe abatutsi mu rwanda 1994. haruhukiyemo imibiri isaga ibihumbi 60. abarokokeye muri iyi paruwasi ya nyarubuye bavugako Jenoside yaho yakoranywe ubugome bukabije kuko abatutsi baho bishwe bakaribwa imitima iminja zigasekurwa mwisekuru zigakubitwa kunkuta z'urusengero.<ref>[https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/i-nyarubuye-jenoside-yakoranwe-ubugome-bwindengakamere/ I Nyarubuye Jenoside yakoranwe ubugome bw’indengakamere – MUHAZIYACU]</ref> === amateka === mu basuye urwibutso rwa nyarubuye beretswe ibimenyetso bigaragaza ubwicanyi ndenga kamere bwakoranywe Jenoside yabereye muri paruwasi ya nyarubuye aho beretse ifuru yokerezwagaho imitima yabatutsi berekwa amasekuru aho imina zakubitagwa . imivure yategwagamo amaraso yabatutsi bishwe kugirango barebe ko ahinduka amata. abarokotse bashimye RPF inkotanyi nabandi baturage babafashije kurokoka basaba gukomeza umutima wubutwari aribyo bizaca inzangano zijyanye namacakubiri yagejeje igihugu mwicuraburindi<ref>[https://www.kigalitoday.com/kwibuka/article/amateka-y-urwibutso-rwa-nyarubuye-abera-ndengakamere-ku-barusura Amateka y’urwibutso rwa Nyarubuye abera ndengakamere ku barusura - Kigali Today]</ref> ib23fygnmawf1qi8p3twmhhcqbvip4n 130519 130518 2026-04-18T07:42:33Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130519 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:1994 Rwandan Genocide.jpg|thumb|385x385px|genoside yakorewe abatutsi murwanda 1994]] Ni [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside|urwibutso]] ruherereye mukarere ka kirehe mumurenge wa nyarubuye rwegereye kiriziya gatorika paruwasi ya nyarubuye ururwibutso ruruhukiyemo imibiri yinzirakarengane zazize [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|jenoside]] ya korewe abatutsi mu rwanda 1994. haruhukiyemo imibiri isaga ibihumbi 60. abarokokeye muri iyi paruwasi ya nyarubuye bavugako [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside]] yaho yakoranywe ubugome bukabije kuko abatutsi baho bishwe bakaribwa imitima iminja zigasekurwa mwisekuru zigakubitwa kunkuta z'urusengero.<ref>[https://muhaziyacu.rw/amakuru/i-nyarubuye-jenoside-yakoranwe-ubugome-bwindengakamere/ I Nyarubuye Jenoside yakoranwe ubugome bw’indengakamere – MUHAZIYACU]</ref> === amateka === mu basuye urwibutso rwa nyarubuye beretswe ibimenyetso bigaragaza ubwicanyi ndenga kamere bwakoranywe Jenoside yabereye muri paruwasi ya nyarubuye aho beretse ifuru yokerezwagaho imitima yabatutsi berekwa amasekuru aho imina zakubitagwa . imivure yategwagamo amaraso yabatutsi bishwe kugirango barebe ko ahinduka amata. abarokotse bashimye RPF inkotanyi nabandi baturage babafashije kurokoka basaba gukomeza umutima wubutwari aribyo bizaca inzangano zijyanye namacakubiri yagejeje igihugu mwicuraburindi<ref>[https://www.kigalitoday.com/kwibuka/article/amateka-y-urwibutso-rwa-nyarubuye-abera-ndengakamere-ku-barusura Amateka y’urwibutso rwa Nyarubuye abera ndengakamere ku barusura - Kigali Today]</ref> tmf58ro4qw2mlimrzemx9v9rm0ny3ec 0 20222 130443 123253 2026-04-17T15:23:52Z Niyigaba.05 17909 kongeraho amakuru 130443 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kigali Green Complex''' ( '''KGC''' ), ni inyubako irimo kubakwa i [[Kigali]], aho iri kubakwa mu murwa mukuru w'u [[Rwanda|Rwanda,]] [[Kigali]]. Ikaba izaba igizwe n'amagorofa (etage) 29 mu bujyejuru uturutse k'ubutaka, biteganijwe ko iyi nyubako mu gihe ibikorwa byo kuyubaka bizaba birangiye izaba ariyo nyubako ndende mujyi wa Kigali ndetse no mu gihugu cy'u Rwanda muri rusange. Ndetse mu miterere yayo hagendewe ku gishushanyo mbonera cyayo izaba ifite izindi etage 6 zo munsi (zo mu bujyakuzimu). <ref name="ProfileR">{{Cite web |last=Emmanuel Ntirenganya |date=31 December 2023 |title=Rwanda's Tallest Building to Begin Construction in January 2024 |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/202401020119.html |access-date=19 January 2024 |website=[[The New Times (Rwanda)]] |location=Kigali, Rwanda |format=via [[AllAfrica.com]]}}</ref> == Aho iherereye == Iyi nyubako iherereye mu gace kahariwe ibikorwa by'ubucuruzi n'amahoteli hagati mu mujyi wa Kigali, aho iherereye ku kibanza gifite ubuso bungana na {{Convert|7600|m2|acre}} . <ref name="ProfileR">{{Cite web |last=Emmanuel Ntirenganya |date=31 December 2023 |title=Rwanda's Tallest Building to Begin Construction in January 2024 |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/202401020119.html |access-date=19 January 2024 |website=[[The New Times (Rwanda)]] |location=Kigali, Rwanda |format=via [[AllAfrica.com]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFEmmanuel_Ntirenganya2023">Emmanuel Ntirenganya (31 December 2023). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202401020119.html "Rwanda's Tallest Building to Begin Construction in January 2024"] <span class="cs1-format">(via [[AllAfrica.com]])</span>. ''[[The New Times (Rwanda)]]''. Kigali, Rwanda<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Iyi nyubako kandi iherereye hafi ya [[Kigali Convention Centre|Kigali Convention Center]],Inzovu mall,Kigali heights, ikaba iri ahahoze inyubako yakoreragamo ibiro bya Minisiteri y’ubutabera mu Rwanda. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Patrick Mulyungi |date=21 September 2023 |title=Kigali Green Complex Development in Rwanda |url=https://constructionreviewonline.com/biggest-projects/kigali-green-complex-development-in-rwanda/ |access-date=19 January 2024 |website=Construction Review Online |location=Nairobi, Kenya}}</ref> Umuyoboro ndangamerekezo wa geografiya (GPS) waho ni: 1 ° 56'42.0 "S, 30 ° 03'44.0" E (Uburambike: -1.945000; Uburebure: 30.062222). <ref name="3R">https://www.google.com/maps/place/1%C2%B056'42.0%22S+30%C2%B003'44.0%22E/@-1.9448604,30.0622099,49m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m4!3m3!8m2!3d-1.945!4d30.0622222?entry=ttu</ref> == Incamake == Inyubako y’amagorofa 29 iri mu bikorwa byo kubakwa n'ikigo cyitwa Ultimate Developers Limited (UDL), iyi nyubako ikaba ari umutungo w''’ikigo gishinzwe ubwiteganyirize bw’u Rwanda'' (RSSB) ku kigero cy'ijanisha rya 100%. Iyi nyubako ya Kigali Green Complex ikaba yitezweho kuba imwe mu miyoboro ibyarira inyungu ikigo cya RSSB biturutse mu mafaranga yinjizwe avuye mu bafatanyabikorwa ba RSSB ndetse n'abagenerwabikorwa bayo, ndetse iyi nyubako izatanga umwanya uhagije wo gukodeshwa ndetse wujuje ibikenerwa byose ku bigo bitandukanye, ibikorwa bitandukanye by'ubucuruzi ndetse n’abantu ku giti cyabo. <ref name="ProfileR">{{Cite web |last=Emmanuel Ntirenganya |date=31 December 2023 |title=Rwanda's Tallest Building to Begin Construction in January 2024 |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/202401020119.html |access-date=19 January 2024 |website=[[The New Times (Rwanda)]] |location=Kigali, Rwanda |format=via [[AllAfrica.com]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFEmmanuel_Ntirenganya2023">Emmanuel Ntirenganya (31 December 2023). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202401020119.html "Rwanda's Tallest Building to Begin Construction in January 2024"] <span class="cs1-format">(via [[AllAfrica.com]])</span>. ''[[The New Times (Rwanda)]]''. Kigali, Rwanda<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> == Ibindi bitekerezo == Umujyanama mu bwubatsi by'umwihariko ku miterere y'inyubako (igishushanyo mbonera cy'inyubako) bivugwa ko ari Vavaki Architects. Amasezerano y'ubwubatsi, amasoko n'ibikorwa bigendanye n'ubwubatsi yahawe itsinda rya Shelter Group, rifite icyicaro i [[Doha]], mu gihugu cya [[Katari|Qatar]], akaba ari ikigo gifite ibiro mu burasirazuba bwo hagati, m'[[Burayi|Uburayi]] ndetse no muri [[Afurika|Aufrika]] . Ibikorwa byo gutegura ubucuruzi biteganijwe mu mwaka wa 2027. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Patrick Mulyungi |date=21 September 2023 |title=Kigali Green Complex Development in Rwanda |url=https://constructionreviewonline.com/biggest-projects/kigali-green-complex-development-in-rwanda/ |access-date=19 January 2024 |website=Construction Review Online |location=Nairobi, Kenya}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPatrick_Mulyungi2023">Patrick Mulyungi (21 September 2023). [https://constructionreviewonline.com/biggest-projects/kigali-green-complex-development-in-rwanda/ "Kigali Green Complex Development in Rwanda"]. ''Construction Review Online''. Nairobi, Kenya<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=M. Kubwa |date=1 January 2024 |title=Kigali Green Complex (KGC), Tallest Building in Rwanda, to Commence Construction in January 2024 |url=https://constructionreviewonline.com/construction-news/kigali-green-complex-kgc-tallest-builing-in-rwanda-to-commence-construction-in-january-2024/ |access-date=19 January 2024 |website=Construction Review Online |location=Nairobi, Kenya}}</ref> == Inyandiko zifashishijwe == <references /> 598ngwdrqydoscal6c7woo83dnv0e83 130444 130443 2026-04-17T15:28:38Z Niyigaba.05 17909 amakuru mashya 130444 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Kigali Green Complex''' ( '''KGC''' ), ni inyubako irimo kubakwa i [[Kigali]], aho iri kubakwa mu murwa mukuru w'u [[Rwanda|Rwanda,]] [[Kigali]]. Ikaba izaba igizwe n'amagorofa (etage) 29 mu bujyejuru uturutse k'ubutaka, biteganijwe ko iyi nyubako mu gihe ibikorwa byo kuyubaka bizaba birangiye izaba ariyo nyubako ndende mujyi wa Kigali ndetse no mu gihugu cy'u Rwanda muri rusange. Ndetse mu miterere yayo hagendewe ku gishushanyo mbonera cyayo izaba ifite izindi etage 6 zo munsi (zo mu bujyakuzimu). <ref name="ProfileR">{{Cite web |last=Emmanuel Ntirenganya |date=31 December 2023 |title=Rwanda's Tallest Building to Begin Construction in January 2024 |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/202401020119.html |access-date=19 January 2024 |website=[[The New Times (Rwanda)]] |location=Kigali, Rwanda |format=via [[AllAfrica.com]]}}</ref> == Aho iherereye == Iyi nyubako iherereye mu gace kahariwe ibikorwa by'ubucuruzi n'amahoteli hagati mu mujyi wa Kigali, aho iherereye ku kibanza gifite ubuso bungana na {{Convert|7600|m2|acre}} . <ref name="ProfileR">{{Cite web |last=Emmanuel Ntirenganya |date=31 December 2023 |title=Rwanda's Tallest Building to Begin Construction in January 2024 |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/202401020119.html |access-date=19 January 2024 |website=[[The New Times (Rwanda)]] |location=Kigali, Rwanda |format=via [[AllAfrica.com]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFEmmanuel_Ntirenganya2023">Emmanuel Ntirenganya (31 December 2023). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202401020119.html "Rwanda's Tallest Building to Begin Construction in January 2024"] <span class="cs1-format">(via [[AllAfrica.com]])</span>. ''[[The New Times (Rwanda)]]''. Kigali, Rwanda<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> Iyi nyubako kandi iherereye hafi ya [[Kigali Convention Centre|Kigali Convention Center]][[,Inzovu mall]],Kigali heights ikaba iri ahahoze inyubako yakoreragamo ibiro bya Minisiteri y’ubutabera mu Rwanda. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Patrick Mulyungi |date=21 September 2023 |title=Kigali Green Complex Development in Rwanda |url=https://constructionreviewonline.com/biggest-projects/kigali-green-complex-development-in-rwanda/ |access-date=19 January 2024 |website=Construction Review Online |location=Nairobi, Kenya}}</ref> Umuyoboro ndangamerekezo wa geografiya (GPS) waho ni: 1 ° 56'42.0 "S, 30 ° 03'44.0" E (Uburambike: -1.945000; Uburebure: 30.062222). <ref name="3R">https://www.google.com/maps/place/1%C2%B056'42.0%22S+30%C2%B003'44.0%22E/@-1.9448604,30.0622099,49m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m4!3m3!8m2!3d-1.945!4d30.0622222?entry=ttu</ref> == Incamake == Inyubako y’amagorofa 29 iri mu bikorwa byo kubakwa n'ikigo cyitwa Ultimate Developers Limited (UDL), iyi nyubako ikaba ari umutungo w''’ikigo gishinzwe ubwiteganyirize bw’u [[Rwanda]]'' (RSSB) ku kigero cy'ijanisha rya 100%. Iyi nyubako ya Kigali Green Complex ikaba yitezweho kuba imwe mu miyoboro ibyarira inyungu ikigo cya RSSB biturutse mu mafaranga yinjizwe avuye mu bafatanyabikorwa ba RSSB ndetse n'abagenerwabikorwa bayo, ndetse iyi nyubako izatanga umwanya uhagije wo gukodeshwa ndetse wujuje ibikenerwa byose ku bigo bitandukanye, ibikorwa bitandukanye by'ubucuruzi ndetse n’abantu ku giti cyabo. <ref name="ProfileR">{{Cite web |last=Emmanuel Ntirenganya |date=31 December 2023 |title=Rwanda's Tallest Building to Begin Construction in January 2024 |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/202401020119.html |access-date=19 January 2024 |website=[[The New Times (Rwanda)]] |location=Kigali, Rwanda |format=via [[AllAfrica.com]]}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFEmmanuel_Ntirenganya2023">Emmanuel Ntirenganya (31 December 2023). [https://allafrica.com/stories/202401020119.html "Rwanda's Tallest Building to Begin Construction in January 2024"] <span class="cs1-format">(via [[AllAfrica.com]])</span>. ''[[The New Times (Rwanda)]]''. Kigali, Rwanda<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> == Ibindi bitekerezo == Umujyanama mu bwubatsi by'umwihariko ku miterere y'inyubako (igishushanyo mbonera cy'inyubako) bivugwa ko ari Vavaki Architects. Amasezerano y'ubwubatsi, amasoko n'ibikorwa bigendanye n'ubwubatsi yahawe itsinda rya Shelter Group, rifite icyicaro i [[Doha]], mu gihugu cya [[Katari|Qatar]], akaba ari ikigo gifite ibiro mu burasirazuba bwo hagati, m'[[Burayi|Uburayi]] ndetse no muri [[Afurika|Aufrika]] . Ibikorwa byo gutegura ubucuruzi biteganijwe mu mwaka wa 2027. <ref name="2R">{{Cite web |last=Patrick Mulyungi |date=21 September 2023 |title=Kigali Green Complex Development in Rwanda |url=https://constructionreviewonline.com/biggest-projects/kigali-green-complex-development-in-rwanda/ |access-date=19 January 2024 |website=Construction Review Online |location=Nairobi, Kenya}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFPatrick_Mulyungi2023">Patrick Mulyungi (21 September 2023). [https://constructionreviewonline.com/biggest-projects/kigali-green-complex-development-in-rwanda/ "Kigali Green Complex Development in Rwanda"]. ''Construction Review Online''. Nairobi, Kenya<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite></ref> <ref name="4R">{{Cite web |last=M. Kubwa |date=1 January 2024 |title=Kigali Green Complex (KGC), Tallest Building in Rwanda, to Commence Construction in January 2024 |url=https://constructionreviewonline.com/construction-news/kigali-green-complex-kgc-tallest-builing-in-rwanda-to-commence-construction-in-january-2024/ |access-date=19 January 2024 |website=Construction Review Online |location=Nairobi, Kenya}}</ref> == Inyandiko zifashishijwe == <references /> ibxtn1x78h5pja22ykpw1gc17gxjmlc 0 20419 130427 124075 2026-04-17T15:08:54Z Elysee 2006 17908 130427 wikitext text/x-wiki Inkindi Nadine Aisha <ref>[https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/ntabwo-nari-nzi-ubusobanuro-bw-amagweja-aisha-inkindi-avuga-uko-yisanze-yatutse Ntabwo nari nzi ubusobanuro bw’amagweja - Aisha Inkindi avuga uko yisanze yatutse abagabo - IGIHE.com]</ref> wamenyekanye mu kinamico nyarwanda z'urwenya ,nkomuri nyaxo comedy ndetse nizinyuzwa kuri big man empire.akaba ari umwe mu bakobwa bakunzwe kumbuga nkoranyambaga zigiye zitandukanye nka akaba ari umuhanga mu gukina filime . == Amashakiro. == 1kjwb9f1onrrjggfdg03tmocuqbx2vk 130428 130427 2026-04-17T15:09:08Z Elysee 2006 17908 130428 wikitext text/x-wiki Inkindi Nadine Aisha <ref>[https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/ntabwo-nari-nzi-ubusobanuro-bw-amagweja-aisha-inkindi-avuga-uko-yisanze-yatutse Ntabwo nari nzi ubusobanuro bw’amagweja - Aisha Inkindi avuga uko yisanze yatutse abagabo - IGIHE.com]</ref> wamenyekanye mu kinamico nyarwanda z'urwenya ,nkomuri nyaxo comedy ndetse nizinyuzwa kuri big man empire.akaba ari umwe mu bakobwa bakunzwe kumbuga nkoranyambaga zigiye zitandukanye nka yutube akaba ari umuhanga mu gukina filime . == Amashakiro. == fk22kelsjp1keufjwnuo5cyoj59jcej 130429 130428 2026-04-17T15:09:43Z Elysee 2006 17908 130429 wikitext text/x-wiki Inkindi Nadine Aisha <ref>[https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/ntabwo-nari-nzi-ubusobanuro-bw-amagweja-aisha-inkindi-avuga-uko-yisanze-yatutse Ntabwo nari nzi ubusobanuro bw’amagweja - Aisha Inkindi avuga uko yisanze yatutse abagabo - IGIHE.com]</ref> wamenyekanye mu kinamico nyarwanda z'urwenya ,nkomuri nyaxo comedy ndetse nizinyuzwa kuri big man empire.akaba ari umwe mu bakobwa bakunzwe kumbuga nkoranyambaga zigiye zitandukanye nka yutube(YouTube) akaba ari umuhanga mu gukina filime . == Amashakiro. == gd6rt4idxj8ixpi0taxk5q37wknx8d2 130430 130429 2026-04-17T15:10:07Z Elysee 2006 17908 130430 wikitext text/x-wiki Inkindi Nadine Aisha <ref>[https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/ntabwo-nari-nzi-ubusobanuro-bw-amagweja-aisha-inkindi-avuga-uko-yisanze-yatutse Ntabwo nari nzi ubusobanuro bw’amagweja - Aisha Inkindi avuga uko yisanze yatutse abagabo - IGIHE.com]</ref> wamenyekanye mu kinamico nyarwanda z'urwenya ,nkomuri nyaxo comedy ndetse nizinyuzwa kuri big man empire.akaba ari umwe mu bakobwa bakunzwe kumbuga nkoranyambaga zigiye zitandukanye nka yutube(YouTube), tikitoki akaba ari umuhanga mu gukina filime . == Amashakiro. == 9v81ala8i8q1upub5ksk339kcmfwt9a 130431 130430 2026-04-17T15:10:32Z Elysee 2006 17908 130431 wikitext text/x-wiki Inkindi Nadine Aisha <ref>[https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/ntabwo-nari-nzi-ubusobanuro-bw-amagweja-aisha-inkindi-avuga-uko-yisanze-yatutse Ntabwo nari nzi ubusobanuro bw’amagweja - Aisha Inkindi avuga uko yisanze yatutse abagabo - IGIHE.com]</ref> wamenyekanye mu kinamico nyarwanda z'urwenya ,nkomuri nyaxo comedy ndetse nizinyuzwa kuri big man empire.akaba ari umwe mu bakobwa bakunzwe kumbuga nkoranyambaga zigiye zitandukanye nka yutube(YouTube), tikitoki(TikTok) akaba ari umuhanga mu gukina filime . == Amashakiro. == hhnq3gfgoasar4qaoouirek704ps9ll 130432 130431 2026-04-17T15:10:55Z Elysee 2006 17908 130432 wikitext text/x-wiki Inkindi Nadine Aisha <ref>[https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/ntabwo-nari-nzi-ubusobanuro-bw-amagweja-aisha-inkindi-avuga-uko-yisanze-yatutse Ntabwo nari nzi ubusobanuro bw’amagweja - Aisha Inkindi avuga uko yisanze yatutse abagabo - IGIHE.com]</ref> wamenyekanye mu kinamico nyarwanda z'urwenya ,nkomuri nyaxo comedy ndetse nizinyuzwa kuri big man empire.akaba ari umwe mu bakobwa bakunzwe kumbuga nkoranyambaga zigiye zitandukanye nka yutube(YouTube), tikitoki(TikTok), insitagaramu akaba ari umuhanga mu gukina filime . == Amashakiro. == q2rpueeda8qryjedpfupn77npjzuoa0 130433 130432 2026-04-17T15:11:12Z Elysee 2006 17908 130433 wikitext text/x-wiki Inkindi Nadine Aisha <ref>[https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/ntabwo-nari-nzi-ubusobanuro-bw-amagweja-aisha-inkindi-avuga-uko-yisanze-yatutse Ntabwo nari nzi ubusobanuro bw’amagweja - Aisha Inkindi avuga uko yisanze yatutse abagabo - IGIHE.com]</ref> wamenyekanye mu kinamico nyarwanda z'urwenya ,nkomuri nyaxo comedy ndetse nizinyuzwa kuri big man empire.akaba ari umwe mu bakobwa bakunzwe kumbuga nkoranyambaga zigiye zitandukanye nka yutube(YouTube), tikitoki(TikTok), insitagaramu(Instagram) akaba ari umuhanga mu gukina filime . == Amashakiro. == mmcma0os0jk3c9hy7p5fh12iwnk1fz7 130434 130433 2026-04-17T15:11:41Z Elysee 2006 17908 130434 wikitext text/x-wiki Inkindi Nadine Aisha <ref>[https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/ntabwo-nari-nzi-ubusobanuro-bw-amagweja-aisha-inkindi-avuga-uko-yisanze-yatutse Ntabwo nari nzi ubusobanuro bw’amagweja - Aisha Inkindi avuga uko yisanze yatutse abagabo - IGIHE.com]</ref> wamenyekanye mu kinamico nyarwanda z'urwenya ,nkomuri nyaxo comedy ndetse nizinyuzwa kuri big man empire.akaba ari umwe mu bakobwa bakunzwe kumbuga nkoranyambaga zigiye zitandukanye nka yutube(YouTube), tikitoki(TikTok), insitagaramu(Instagram) nizindi zinyuranye. akaba ari umuhanga mu gukina filime . == Amashakiro. == e60durc6rvmyx1bp5ww7bubcm3gy9vx 130435 130434 2026-04-17T15:12:03Z Elysee 2006 17908 130435 wikitext text/x-wiki Inkindi Nadine Aisha <ref>[https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/ntabwo-nari-nzi-ubusobanuro-bw-amagweja-aisha-inkindi-avuga-uko-yisanze-yatutse Ntabwo nari nzi ubusobanuro bw’amagweja - Aisha Inkindi avuga uko yisanze yatutse abagabo - IGIHE.com]</ref> wamenyekanye mu kinamico nyarwanda z'urwenya ,nkomuri nyaxo comedy ndetse nizinyuzwa kuri big man empire.akaba ari umwe mu bakobwa bakunzwe kumbuga nkoranyambaga zigiye zitandukanye nka yutube(YouTube), tikitoki(TikTok), insitagaramu(Instagram) nizindi zinyuranye. akaba ari umuhanga mu gukina == Amashakiro. == iyjka8pc9zmtaccfupiuuncst9nem1n 130436 130435 2026-04-17T15:12:16Z Elysee 2006 17908 130436 wikitext text/x-wiki Inkindi Nadine Aisha <ref>[https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/ntabwo-nari-nzi-ubusobanuro-bw-amagweja-aisha-inkindi-avuga-uko-yisanze-yatutse Ntabwo nari nzi ubusobanuro bw’amagweja - Aisha Inkindi avuga uko yisanze yatutse abagabo - IGIHE.com]</ref> wamenyekanye mu kinamico nyarwanda z'urwenya ,nkomuri nyaxo comedy ndetse nizinyuzwa kuri big man empire.akaba ari umwe mu bakobwa bakunzwe kumbuga nkoranyambaga zigiye zitandukanye nka yutube(YouTube), tikitoki(TikTok), insitagaramu(Instagram) nizindi zinyuranye. akaba ari umuhanga mu == Amashakiro. == clm9tu4o755vuordvcjcime9r5fvzgb 130437 130436 2026-04-17T15:12:56Z Elysee 2006 17908 130437 wikitext text/x-wiki Inkindi Nadine Aisha <ref>[https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/ntabwo-nari-nzi-ubusobanuro-bw-amagweja-aisha-inkindi-avuga-uko-yisanze-yatutse Ntabwo nari nzi ubusobanuro bw’amagweja - Aisha Inkindi avuga uko yisanze yatutse abagabo - IGIHE.com]</ref> wamenyekanye mu kinamico nyarwanda z'urwenya ,nkomuri nyaxo comedy ndetse nizinyuzwa kuri big man empire.akaba ari umwe mu bakobwa bakunzwe kumbuga nkoranyambaga zigiye zitandukanye nka yutube(YouTube), tikitoki(TikTok), insitagaramu(Instagram) nizindi zinyuranye. akaba ari umuhanga == Amashakiro. == 98i7deqgcwfv6x0kh4vrcazzb76ckt3 130438 130437 2026-04-17T15:13:12Z Elysee 2006 17908 130438 wikitext text/x-wiki Inkindi Nadine Aisha <ref>[https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/ntabwo-nari-nzi-ubusobanuro-bw-amagweja-aisha-inkindi-avuga-uko-yisanze-yatutse Ntabwo nari nzi ubusobanuro bw’amagweja - Aisha Inkindi avuga uko yisanze yatutse abagabo - IGIHE.com]</ref> wamenyekanye mu kinamico nyarwanda z'urwenya ,nkomuri nyaxo comedy ndetse nizinyuzwa kuri big man empire.akaba ari umwe mu bakobwa bakunzwe kumbuga nkoranyambaga zigiye zitandukanye nka yutube(YouTube), tikitoki(TikTok), insitagaramu(Instagram) nizindi zinyuranye == Amashakiro. == iv4qx02p8oy8u4ct5bz38h4pv7ydgt4 130439 130438 2026-04-17T15:13:25Z Elysee 2006 17908 130439 wikitext text/x-wiki Inkindi Nadine Aisha <ref>[https://igihe.com/imyidagaduro/article/ntabwo-nari-nzi-ubusobanuro-bw-amagweja-aisha-inkindi-avuga-uko-yisanze-yatutse Ntabwo nari nzi ubusobanuro bw’amagweja - Aisha Inkindi avuga uko yisanze yatutse abagabo - IGIHE.com]</ref> wamenyekanye mu kinamico nyarwanda z'urwenya ,nkomuri nyaxo comedy ndetse nizinyuzwa kuri big man empire.akaba ari umwe mu bakobwa bakunzwe kumbuga nkoranyambaga zigiye zitandukanye nka yutube(YouTube), tikitoki(TikTok), insitagaramu(Instagram) nizindi zinyuranye. == Amashakiro. == kwjxjh8k715inuavwxzsfe2jox16u3j 0 22311 130421 129758 2026-04-17T14:53:06Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130421 wikitext text/x-wiki Mu muco nyarwanda, umwana uvutse ahabwa izina, guha izina inyamaswa ni ukuziha agaciro, no kuzirinda kugirango zidacika.Ni Umuhango ubera mu kinigi mu karere ka Musanze hafi na pariki y'Igihugu y'Ibirunga isanzwe ibarizwamo ingagi. Ni umuhango umaze imyaka irenga 20, hakaba hamaze kwitwa abana b’ingagi barenga 395. <ref name=":0">[https://www.akageranationalparkrwanda.org/kwita-izina/ Kwita Izina | Rwanda's Gorilla Naming Ceremony | Rwanda Safaris]</ref> == Ibyo twamenya k'Umuhango wo Kwita Izina == Kwita izina byatangiye mu mwaka wa 2005. Kwita Izina umuhango ubera mu Kinigi ku birenge by’ibirunga.Kwita izina,  Umuhango witabiriwe na Perezida Paul Kagame. Kwita Izina (2005), Izina Byishimo, izina ry’umwana w’ingagi ryiswe na  Perezida Paul Kagame ku nshuro ya mbere.Kwita Izina ,umuhango witabirwa n’umufasha wa Perezida wa Repuburika Jeanette Kagame rimwe na rimwe.Kwita Izina wabaye umuhango ngirakamaro ku isi mu kubungabunga ibidukikije.<ref name=":0" />Kwita Izina, Umuhango witabirwa n’abantu bakomeye bavuye hirya no hino ku isi; abashakashatsi, abashoramari, abayobozi b’ibigo, abahanzi, abakinnyi, ibyamamare mu ngeri zitandukanye.. Kwita Izina mu mwaka wa 2008 k'Inshuro 4 ,umuhango witabiriwe na Craig Hatkoff umuyobozi wa Wildlife Direct, umwanditsi wa Owen and Mzee. We n’umukobwa we bise izina Mushya umwana w’ingagi. <ref>[https://new.igihe.com/rwanda-to-name-40-baby-gorillas-at-kwita-izina-2025/ Rwanda to name 40 baby gorillas at Kwita Izina 2025 – IGIHE English]</ref>Kwita Izina ,n'umuhango wanitabiriwe n’umuhanzi Oliver Ngoma muri 2008.Kwita Izina ,biliyoni 12, 58 zimaze gutangwa mu gufasha abaturage baturiye pariki mu mishanga, kubaka amashuri, kubaka amavuriro, n’ibiraro. Kwita Izina 2017,umuhango witabiriwe na Mugisha Benjamin (The Ben) yise izina Uruyange umwana w’ingagi. Uwomwaka Kwita Izina ,n'umuhango wanitabiriwe na Turahirwa Moise (Co Founder:Moshions) yise izina Kwanda.Kwita izina 2019 inshuro ya 15, witabiriwe na Amina Mohammed (Umunyamabanga wungirije w’umuryango w’Abibumye yise izina Ingoga umwana w’ingagi.Kwita izina uwo mwaka, n'umuhango witabiriwe na Meddy, yise izina Inkoramutima umwana w’ingagi. Kwita Izina 2021 k'unshuro ya 17,umuhango wabereye ku ikoranabuhanga kubera icyorezo cya COVID19. Kwita Izina 2022 (Inshuro 18), wabaye tariki ya 2 Nzeri 2022, Igikomangoma cya Walles  Charles Philip Arhur George yise izina Ubwuzuzane. Umwana wo mu muryango Muhoza.<ref>[https://inyarwanda.com/rw/amakuru/urwibutso-kuri-bimwe-mu-byamamare-ku-isi-byitabiriye-kwita-izina-mu-myaka-19-ishize-147353 Urwibutso kuri bimwe mu byamamare ku Isi byitabiriye Kwita Izina | InyaRwanda.com]</ref> Kwita Izina 2022 (Inshuro 18) ,umuhango witabiriwe na Didier Drogba yise izina Ishami umwana w’ingagi. Kwita Izina 2022 uwo mwaka ,umuhango witabiriwe na Louise Mushikiwabo (OIF) yise izina Turikumwe, umwana wo mu muryango Ntambara. Kwita Izina 2023 ku nshuro ya 19, umuhango witabiriwe na Dr Zurab Pololikashvili uyobora UNWTO, wise izina Inshingano umwana w’ingagi. Kwita Izina, umuhango uha agaciro inyamaswa z’ingagi zirimo gucika ku isi ziba muri Pariki y’igihugu y’ibirunga. Kwita Izina uwo mwaka ,n'umuhango witabiriwe na Mme Audrey Azoulay,(umuyobozi wa UNESCO) yise izina Ikirango umwana w’ingagi. Kwita Izina ,umuhango wo guha agaciro, abaturage baturiye pariki, abavura inyamaswa, abakora mu gusigasira ibidukikije, abashakashatsi, abarinda n’abacunga parki n’abandi.<ref>[https://igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/umuhango-wo-kwita-izina-wasubitswe Umuhango wo ‘Kwita Izina’ wasubitswe - IGIHE.com]</ref> == Amashakiro == qmjtkq57w3f89qbsb6zumz1nmx5hj31 0 22491 130531 130316 2026-04-18T09:55:37Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 impinduka 130531 wikitext text/x-wiki Lt Col Colonel Seraphine Nyirasafari ni umugore w'umunyarwandakazi uzwi nkumwe mubanyabigwi mu gihugu cy'u Rwanda.Yavutse taliki 16 Gicurasi 1970,avukira mu majyaruguru y'u Rwanda.Ni umubyeyi washakanye na Juvenal Marizamunda,minisitiri w'Ingabo w'u Rwanda bakaba bafitanye abana bane.<ref>[https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/menya-byinshi-ku-bategarugori-7-bazamuwe-mu-ntera-muri-rdf-bagirwa-ba-colonels#:~:text=Hari%20hashize%20igihe%20kinini%20abagore,ubu%2C%20barindwi%20bagizwe%20ba%20Colonel. https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/menya-byinshi-ku-bategarugori-7-bazamuwe-mu-ntera-muri-rdf-bagirwa-ba-colonels#:~:text=Hari%20hashize%20igihe%20kinini%20abagore,ubu%2C%20barindwi%20bagizwe%20ba%20Colonel.]</ref> == AMASHURI YIZE == Lt Col Colonel Seraphine Nyirasafari yize amashuri abanza nayisumbuye afite imyamyabumenyi y'icyiciro cya kabiri cya Kaminuza mubijyanye n'imari yakuye muri Kaminuza y'u Rwanda ndetse n'impamyabumenyi y'icyiciro cya gatatu cya Kaminuza mu bijyanye n'umutekano nayo yakuye muri Kaminuza y'u Rwanda.Yize mu ishuri rikuru rya gisirikare ry'Ingabo z'u Rwanda hagati ya 2020 na 2021.<ref>[https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/menya-byinshi-ku-bategarugori-7-bazamuwe-mu-ntera-muri-rdf-bagirwa-ba-colonels#:~:text=Hari%20hashize%20igihe%20kinini%20abagore,ubu%2C%20barindwi%20bagizwe%20ba%20Colonel. https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/menya-byinshi-ku-bategarugori-7-bazamuwe-mu-ntera-muri-rdf-bagirwa-ba-colonels#:~:text=Hari%20hashize%20igihe%20kinini%20abagore,ubu%2C%20barindwi%20bagizwe%20ba%20Colonel.]</ref> == IBYO AKORA == Lt Col Colonel Seraphine Nyirasafari yinjiye mu gisirikare mu 1991,muri Mutarama 1994 ahabwa ipeti rya Sous Lieutenant.Yakoze imirimo itandukanye irimo ushinzwe ibikoresho,akora mu ishami rya RDF rishinzwe abakozi mu bijyanye n'imari.Yabaye kandi umucungamari mukuru mu ishami rya Gisirikare rishinzwe ubwishingizi(MMI),aba umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe ubucuruzi,ububiko n'ikwirakwizwa ry'ibicuruzwa ku isoko rya gisirikare rizwi nka Armed Forced Shop.Kuri ubu ni Umuyobozi Mukuru w'Agateganyo wa Armed Forced Shop.<ref>[https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/menya-byinshi-ku-bategarugori-7-bazamuwe-mu-ntera-muri-rdf-bagirwa-ba-colonels#:~:text=Hari%20hashize%20igihe%20kinini%20abagore,ubu%2C%20barindwi%20bagizwe%20ba%20Colonel. https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/menya-byinshi-ku-bategarugori-7-bazamuwe-mu-ntera-muri-rdf-bagirwa-ba-colonels#:~:text=Hari%20hashize%20igihe%20kinini%20abagore,ubu%2C%20barindwi%20bagizwe%20ba%20Colonel.]</ref> == IBINDI == Lt Col Colonel Seraphine Nyirasafari yafashe amasomo anitabira amahugurwa atandukanye mu Rwanda no mu mahanga harimo ajyanye no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe abahoze mu mitwe yitwaje intwaro ndetse najyanye no kurinda abana yafatiye i Nyakinama,amasomo ajyanye no kurinda Abasivile yafatiye muri Kenya ndetse n'ajyanye no kurwanya ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina yafatiye mu Butaliyani.<ref>[https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/menya-byinshi-ku-bategarugori-7-bazamuwe-mu-ntera-muri-rdf-bagirwa-ba-colonels#:~:text=Hari%20hashize%20igihe%20kinini%20abagore,ubu%2C%20barindwi%20bagizwe%20ba%20Colonel. https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/menya-byinshi-ku-bategarugori-7-bazamuwe-mu-ntera-muri-rdf-bagirwa-ba-colonels#:~:text=Hari%20hashize%20igihe%20kinini%20abagore,ubu%2C%20barindwi%20bagizwe%20ba%20Colonel.]</ref> == Amashakiro == 3axg4nqolzdgdvtqwcmqqc7vqxhc4o7 0 22492 130529 130358 2026-04-18T09:53:49Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 Adding reference 130529 wikitext text/x-wiki Lausanne Ingabire Nsengimana ni umwe mu banyarwandakazi bazwiho mugukora ibikorwa by'indashyikirwa mu gihugu kuko ni umwe mu bakiri bato mu gisirikare cy'u Rwanda bahawe ipeti rya Coloneli.<ref>[https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/menya-byinshi-ku-bategarugori-7-bazamuwe-mu-ntera-muri-rdf-bagirwa-ba-colonels#:~:text=Hari%20hashize%20igihe%20kinini%20abagore,ubu%2C%20barindwi%20bagizwe%20ba%20Colonel. https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/menya-byinshi-ku-bategarugori-7-bazamuwe-mu-ntera-muri-rdf-bagirwa-ba-colonels#:~:text=Hari%20hashize%20igihe%20kinini%20abagore,ubu%2C%20barindwi%20bagizwe%20ba%20Colonel.]</ref> == AMASHURI YIZE == Lt Col Lausanne Ingabire Nsengimana yize amashuri abanza ndetse nayisumbuye akomeza mu ishuri rya Gisirikare mu Bubiligi,Loyal Military Academy arangiza Cadet mu 2011.<ref>[https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/menya-byinshi-ku-bategarugori-7-bazamuwe-mu-ntera-muri-rdf-bagirwa-ba-colonels#:~:text=Hari%20hashize%20igihe%20kinini%20abagore,ubu%2C%20barindwi%20bagizwe%20ba%20Colonel. https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/menya-byinshi-ku-bategarugori-7-bazamuwe-mu-ntera-muri-rdf-bagirwa-ba-colonels#:~:text=Hari%20hashize%20igihe%20kinini%20abagore,ubu%2C%20barindwi%20bagizwe%20ba%20Colonel.]</ref> == IBYO AKORA == Lt Col Lusanne Ingabire Nsengimana yakoze mu myanya itandukanye ku cyicaro gikuru cya RDF n'ahandi nk'i Gako,i Musanze abona n'andi masomo ya Girikare nk'agenewe abasirikare bakuru yaherewe i Fort Leavenworth muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za America,ari kandi no mu basirikare b'u Rwanda bagiye mu butumwa bw'amahoro muri Repubulika ya Centrafrique.Muri 2019 Col Ingabire yahawe inshingano zindi mu gisirikare cy'u Rwanda agirwa Umuyobozi Mukuru ukuriye Urwego rw'Imikoranire y'Ingabo n'abasivili.Ntabwo akiri kuri izi nshingano kuko mu minsi ishize yoherejwe mu zindi muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.<ref>[https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/menya-byinshi-ku-bategarugori-7-bazamuwe-mu-ntera-muri-rdf-bagirwa-ba-colonels#:~:text=Hari%20hashize%20igihe%20kinini%20abagore,ubu%2C%20barindwi%20bagizwe%20ba%20Colonel. https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/menya-byinshi-ku-bategarugori-7-bazamuwe-mu-ntera-muri-rdf-bagirwa-ba-colonels#:~:text=Hari%20hashize%20igihe%20kinini%20abagore,ubu%2C%20barindwi%20bagizwe%20ba%20Colonel.]</ref> == Amashakiro == 8nyjf3i40vyos0sr6jtqb9i5nfd4t3h 0 22493 130528 130320 2026-04-18T08:54:28Z Igiraneza Divine 15375 130528 wikitext text/x-wiki Lt Col Stella Uwineza ni umunyarwandakazi w'imyaka 42, n'umubyeyi ufite abana batatu(3) ari mubakora akazi ko kurinda umutekano w'igihugu cy'u Rwanda mu mwaka wa 2002.<ref>[https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/menya-byinshi-ku-bategarugori-7-bazamuwe-mu-ntera-muri-rdf-bagirwa-ba-colonels#:~:text=Hari%20hashize%20igihe%20kinini%20abagore,ubu%2C%20barindwi%20bagizwe%20ba%20Colonel. https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/menya-byinshi-ku-bategarugori-7-bazamuwe-mu-ntera-muri-rdf-bagirwa-ba-colonels#:~:text=Hari%20hashize%20igihe%20kinini%20abagore,ubu%2C%20barindwi%20bagizwe%20ba%20Colonel.]</ref> == IBYO AKORA == Lt Col Stella Uwineza mu 2020 yari afite ipeti rya Major,ubu yahawe ipeti rya Colonel.Yakoze inshingano ze za Gisirikare mu bice bitandukanye aho mu 2020 yoherejwe mu butumwa bw'amahoro muri Sudan y'Epfo.Icyo gihe yari inshuro ya kabiri ajya muri ubu butumwa,nyuma yo kuva muri i Darful muri Sudan hagati ya 2020 na 2021.Nubwo yagombaga gusoza ubutumwa bwe bw'umwaka muri Werurwe icyorezo cya Coronavirus cyatumye agumayo.<ref>[https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/menya-byinshi-ku-bategarugori-7-bazamuwe-mu-ntera-muri-rdf-bagirwa-ba-colonels#:~:text=Hari%20hashize%20igihe%20kinini%20abagore,ubu%2C%20barindwi%20bagizwe%20ba%20Colonel. https://www.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/menya-byinshi-ku-bategarugori-7-bazamuwe-mu-ntera-muri-rdf-bagirwa-ba-colonels#:~:text=Hari%20hashize%20igihe%20kinini%20abagore,ubu%2C%20barindwi%20bagizwe%20ba%20Colonel.]</ref> == IBIHEMBO YAHAWE == Lt Col Stella Uwineza ni umwe mubagize Rwanda Air Force,aho yakoze amateka agashimirwa nk'umwe mu bagore barindwi bambere bageze ku Ipeti rya Koloneli,bazamuwe bavuye ku ipeti rya Liyetona Coloneli kuwa 19 Ukuboza 2023.<ref>[https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/15107/news/women/col-stella-uwineza-on-what-inspired-her-to-join-rdf#:~:text=Col%20Stella%20Uwineza%20gives%20a,Women's%20Day%2C%20on%20March%208. https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/15107/news/women/col-stella-uwineza-on-what-inspired-her-to-join-rdf#:~:text=Col%20Stella%20Uwineza%20gives%20a,Women's%20Day%2C%20on%20March%208.]</ref> == Amashakiro == 486zzaf7qkesi6ojxw0kzjbat45y3wp 0 22504 130468 2026-04-17T16:56:43Z Niyigaba.05 17909 gutangiza urupapuro 130468 wikitext text/x-wiki '''kigali brilliant tower'''<ref name=":0">https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/ibyo-wamenya-kuri-brilliant-tower-inyubako-y-umunya-singapore-iri-kubakwa-i</ref> ''':''' iyi ni inyubako ifite amagorofa 15 yose hamwe . harimo abiri (2 ) ari munsi y' ubutaka ndetse hamwe 13 hejuru y' ubutaka, kigali brilliant tower ni inyubako y' umushoramari witwa Brian choi .iyi nyubako izubakwa binyuze mu kigo cye kitwa Brilliant holdings.<ref name=":0" /> == Aho inyubako iherereye == Ni inyubako iri k' ubuso kwa meterokare 11.413 iri ku muhanda NO.11, KG7 Avenue,KG543 street,[[kigali]],rwanda. Iherereye mu mugi wa kigali akarere ka Gasabo hafi y inzu z ubucuruzi <ref name=":0" /> nka kigali heights,radisson blu,[[Kigali Convention Centre|kigali convection center]](KCC), kigali alliance business center (KABC)<ref>https://www.brilliant-development-holding.com/BrilliantTower.html</ref> hamwe na ambasade nk'iy'u [[Ubuyapani|Buyapani]] , u [[Ubwongereza|Bwongereza]], u [[Ubuholandi|Buholandi]] na [[University of Kigali|kaminuza ya kigali]] (UK).<ref name=":0" /> INKOMOKO dpu8kec3pgobkl69z4ajp564he57k68 130474 130468 2026-04-17T18:02:26Z Niyigaba.05 17909 130474 wikitext text/x-wiki '''kigali brilliant tower'''<ref name=":0">https://mobile.igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/ibyo-wamenya-kuri-brilliant-tower-inyubako-y-umunya-singapore-iri-kubakwa-i</ref> ''':''' iyi ni inyubako ifite amagorofa 15 yose hamwe . harimo abiri(2 ) ari munsi y' ubutaka ndetse hamwe 13 hejuru y' ubutaka, kigali brilliant tower ni inyubako y' umushoramari witwa Brian choi .iyi nyubako izubakwa binyuze mu kigo cye kitwa Brilliant holdings.<ref name=":0" /> == Aho inyubako iherereye == Ni inyubako iri k' ubuso kwa meterokare 11.413 iri ku muhanda NO.11, KG7 Avenue,KG543 street,[[kigali]],rwanda. Iherereye mu mugi wa kigali akarere ka Gasabo hafi y inzu z ubucuruzi <ref name=":0" /> nka kigali heights,radisson blu,[[Kigali Convention Centre|kigali convection center]](KCC), kigali alliance business center (KABC)<ref>https://www.brilliant-development-holding.com/BrilliantTower.html</ref> hamwe na ambasade nk'iy'u [[Ubuyapani|Buyapani]] , u [[Ubwongereza|Bwongereza]], u [[Ubuholandi|Buholandi]] na [[University of Kigali|kaminuza ya kigali]] (UK).<ref name=":0" /> INKOMOKO qqzmkru7xorx57fhua6zndv1335o2cw 0 22505 130482 2026-04-17T20:42:39Z B.Scalling 15089 gutangiza urupapuro 130482 wikitext text/x-wiki Urwibutso rwa Gisuna ni rumwe mu nzibutso zihariye zishyinguyemo Abatutsi bishwe mu 1994, mu bihe byabanjirije [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994]]<ref name=":0">[[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994]]</ref>, bicwa mu buryo bw’agashinyaguro burimo gutwikwa n’amakara n’ubundi bugizi bwa nabi, bazira kubeshyerwa ko ari ibyitso by[[Ishyaka FPR - Inkotanyi|’Inkotanyi]]; uyu munsi, uru rwibutso rufite uruhare rukomeye mu kubungabunga ayo amateka no kwibutsa abakiriho [https://kigalitoday.com/kwibuka/article/nyuma-y-imyaka-30-nta-wari-ukwiye-kwigira-ntibindeba-resirg#:~:text=Ingaruka%20z'urwango%20rushingiye%20kuri%20jenoside%20si%20iz'uyu,bwazo%20n'ibibi%20byazo%2C%20birakomeza%20gutizwa%20umurindi%20n'uburyo ingaruka mbi z’urwango n’ivangura]<ref>https://kigalitoday.com/kwibuka/article/nyuma-y-imyaka-30-nta-wari-ukwiye-kwigira-ntibindeba-resirg#:~:text=Ingaruka%20z'urwango%20rushingiye%20kuri%20jenoside%20si%20iz'uyu,bwazo%20n'ibibi%20byazo%2C%20birakomeza%20gutizwa%20umurindi%20n'uburyo</ref>, hagamijwe kubaka sosiyete irangwa n’ubumwe n’[[amahoro]]. == '''Aho ruherereye'''<ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/ibyo-wamenya-ku-rwibutso-rwa-gisuna-rushyinguwemo-abishwe-nk-ibyitso-mu-1990</ref> == Urwibutso rwa Gisuna ruherereye mu karere ka [[Akarere ka Gicumbi|Gicumbi]], mu murenge wa [[Byumba]], ahahoze ari [[Byumba|Perefegitura ya Byumba]], rukaba rushyinguyemo imibiri y’Abatutsi bakuwe mu turere dutandukanye turimo [[Akarere ka Gatsibo|Gatsibo]], [[Akarere ka Nyagatare|Nyagatare]] na [[Akarere ka Rulindo|Rulindo]], ndetse no mu zahoze ari komine nka Muhura, Ngarama, [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Murambi|Murambi]], Muvumba, Kizinga, Buyoga na Tumba; uru rwibutso rufite agaciro gakomeye mu kubungabunga amateka y’ihohoterwa n’iyicwa ryakorewe Abatutsi, no gukomeza kwibutsa abakiriho akamaro ko kurwanya ingengabitekerezo ya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994]] no [https://kgm.rw/category/news-posts/page/2/ kubaka ubumwe n’amahoro] burambye. === '''Amateka'''<ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/ibyo-wamenya-ku-rwibutso-rwa-gisuna-rushyinguwemo-abishwe-nk-ibyitso-mu-1990</ref> === Ubwo Inkotanyi zatangizaga urugamba tariki ya 1 Ukwakira 1990<ref name=":0" />, Abatutsi benshi bo mu zahoze ari Komini zo mu Majyaruguru batangiye gutabwa muri yombi bashinjwa kuba ibyitso, bafungirwa ahari urukiko rwa Perefegitura ya Byumba hafi y’igisirikare; ubuhamya bwa bamwe barokotse, barimo Mupenzi Joseph, bugaragaza ko kuva tariki ya 3 Ukwakira 1990 hatangiye igikorwa cyo gufata Abatutsi mu Mujyi wa Byumba no mu nkengero zawo, bagakorerwa iyicarubozo rikomeye, bakicwa mu buryo bw’agashinyaguro burimo gutemwa, gutwikwa n’amakara n’amapine, ndetse no gusukwaho ibintu bishyushye; abafashwe bavanwaga mu bice bitandukanye nka Murambi, Muhura na Muvumba bashinjwa kuba “Inyenzi”, bagashyirwa mu kato k’ubugome bukabije aho bamwe bicwaga nyuma yo kujyanwa mu kigo cya gisirikare, abandi bakajugunywa mu byobo nyuma yo gukorerwa iyicarubozo, mu gihe bake barokotse barekuwe nyuma y’amezi abiri n’akanama kari kagizwe n’abayobozi barimo Superefe na [https://www.google.com/search?q=Burugumesitiri+ubusobanuro+n%27amateka&sca_esv=aaf2d711ebae6c76&sxsrf=ANbL-n7uyO4LePGHAsyGrPbn3hZ8SCSNaQ%3A1776457903015&ei=rpjiaeXbPPeC9u8Pp57vyQw&biw=1366&bih=641&ved=0ahUKEwjl6pCy3fWTAxV3gf0HHSfPO8kQ4dUDCBE&uact=5&oq=Burugumesitiri+ubusobanuro+n%27amateka&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAiJEJ1cnVndW1lc2l0aXJpIHVidXNvYmFudXJvIG4nYW1hdGVrYTIFEAAY7wUyBRAAGO8FMggQABiJBRiiBDIFEAAY7wVItpMBUKQCWOSDAXABeACQAQCYAeMCoAGjL6oBBjItMjEuMbgBA8gBAPgBAZgCFqACojHCAgkQABiABBgNGArCAgYQABgeGA3CAgQQABgewgIIEAAYHhgNGArCAgUQIRigAcICBxAhGAoYoAHCAgQQIRgVmAMAiAYBkgcGMi0xOS4zoAexNbIHBjItMTkuM7gHojHCBwYyLTIwLjLIB4kBgAgB&sclient=gws-wiz-serp Burugumesitiri], ariko benshi mu baturukaga mu zindi [https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/ITORA_RYA_KOMINI_1967 komini] bagahitanwa n’ubwicanyi bw’indengakamere bwabibasiye mu buryo ndengakamere. '''inkomoko''' h4tm63pbfk0dngv3iepfr6sm9wywvv0 130489 130482 2026-04-17T20:54:28Z B.Scalling 15089 gushyiramo databox 130489 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q139397477}}Urwibutso rwa Gisuna ni rumwe mu nzibutso zihariye zishyinguyemo Abatutsi bishwe mu 1994, mu bihe byabanjirije [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994]]<ref name=":0">[[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994]]</ref>, bicwa mu buryo bw’agashinyaguro burimo gutwikwa n’amakara n’ubundi bugizi bwa nabi, bazira kubeshyerwa ko ari ibyitso by[[Ishyaka FPR - Inkotanyi|’Inkotanyi]]; uyu munsi, uru rwibutso rufite uruhare rukomeye mu kubungabunga ayo amateka no kwibutsa abakiriho [https://kigalitoday.com/kwibuka/article/nyuma-y-imyaka-30-nta-wari-ukwiye-kwigira-ntibindeba-resirg#:~:text=Ingaruka%20z'urwango%20rushingiye%20kuri%20jenoside%20si%20iz'uyu,bwazo%20n'ibibi%20byazo%2C%20birakomeza%20gutizwa%20umurindi%20n'uburyo ingaruka mbi z’urwango n’ivangura]<ref>https://kigalitoday.com/kwibuka/article/nyuma-y-imyaka-30-nta-wari-ukwiye-kwigira-ntibindeba-resirg#:~:text=Ingaruka%20z'urwango%20rushingiye%20kuri%20jenoside%20si%20iz'uyu,bwazo%20n'ibibi%20byazo%2C%20birakomeza%20gutizwa%20umurindi%20n'uburyo</ref>, hagamijwe kubaka sosiyete irangwa n’ubumwe n’[[amahoro]]. == '''Aho ruherereye'''<ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/ibyo-wamenya-ku-rwibutso-rwa-gisuna-rushyinguwemo-abishwe-nk-ibyitso-mu-1990</ref> == Urwibutso rwa Gisuna ruherereye mu karere ka [[Akarere ka Gicumbi|Gicumbi]], mu murenge wa [[Byumba]], ahahoze ari [[Byumba|Perefegitura ya Byumba]], rukaba rushyinguyemo imibiri y’Abatutsi bakuwe mu turere dutandukanye turimo [[Akarere ka Gatsibo|Gatsibo]], [[Akarere ka Nyagatare|Nyagatare]] na [[Akarere ka Rulindo|Rulindo]], ndetse no mu zahoze ari komine nka Muhura, Ngarama, [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Murambi|Murambi]], Muvumba, Kizinga, Buyoga na Tumba; uru rwibutso rufite agaciro gakomeye mu kubungabunga amateka y’ihohoterwa n’iyicwa ryakorewe Abatutsi, no gukomeza kwibutsa abakiriho akamaro ko kurwanya ingengabitekerezo ya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994]] no [https://kgm.rw/category/news-posts/page/2/ kubaka ubumwe n’amahoro] burambye. === '''Amateka'''<ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/ibyo-wamenya-ku-rwibutso-rwa-gisuna-rushyinguwemo-abishwe-nk-ibyitso-mu-1990</ref> === Ubwo Inkotanyi zatangizaga urugamba tariki ya 1 Ukwakira 1990<ref name=":0" />, Abatutsi benshi bo mu zahoze ari Komini zo mu Majyaruguru batangiye gutabwa muri yombi bashinjwa kuba ibyitso, bafungirwa ahari urukiko rwa Perefegitura ya Byumba hafi y’igisirikare; ubuhamya bwa bamwe barokotse, barimo Mupenzi Joseph, bugaragaza ko kuva tariki ya 3 Ukwakira 1990 hatangiye igikorwa cyo gufata Abatutsi mu Mujyi wa Byumba no mu nkengero zawo, bagakorerwa iyicarubozo rikomeye, bakicwa mu buryo bw’agashinyaguro burimo gutemwa, gutwikwa n’amakara n’amapine, ndetse no gusukwaho ibintu bishyushye; abafashwe bavanwaga mu bice bitandukanye nka Murambi, Muhura na Muvumba bashinjwa kuba “Inyenzi”, bagashyirwa mu kato k’ubugome bukabije aho bamwe bicwaga nyuma yo kujyanwa mu kigo cya gisirikare, abandi bakajugunywa mu byobo nyuma yo gukorerwa iyicarubozo, mu gihe bake barokotse barekuwe nyuma y’amezi abiri n’akanama kari kagizwe n’abayobozi barimo Superefe na [https://www.google.com/search?q=Burugumesitiri+ubusobanuro+n%27amateka&sca_esv=aaf2d711ebae6c76&sxsrf=ANbL-n7uyO4LePGHAsyGrPbn3hZ8SCSNaQ%3A1776457903015&ei=rpjiaeXbPPeC9u8Pp57vyQw&biw=1366&bih=641&ved=0ahUKEwjl6pCy3fWTAxV3gf0HHSfPO8kQ4dUDCBE&uact=5&oq=Burugumesitiri+ubusobanuro+n%27amateka&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAiJEJ1cnVndW1lc2l0aXJpIHVidXNvYmFudXJvIG4nYW1hdGVrYTIFEAAY7wUyBRAAGO8FMggQABiJBRiiBDIFEAAY7wVItpMBUKQCWOSDAXABeACQAQCYAeMCoAGjL6oBBjItMjEuMbgBA8gBAPgBAZgCFqACojHCAgkQABiABBgNGArCAgYQABgeGA3CAgQQABgewgIIEAAYHhgNGArCAgUQIRigAcICBxAhGAoYoAHCAgQQIRgVmAMAiAYBkgcGMi0xOS4zoAexNbIHBjItMTkuM7gHojHCBwYyLTIwLjLIB4kBgAgB&sclient=gws-wiz-serp Burugumesitiri], ariko benshi mu baturukaga mu zindi [https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/ITORA_RYA_KOMINI_1967 komini] bagahitanwa n’ubwicanyi bw’indengakamere bwabibasiye mu buryo ndengakamere. '''inkomoko''' azfmw61dssbw9dvbi036op4unzahhf6 130503 130489 2026-04-18T07:17:05Z B.Scalling 15089 kongeramo link 130503 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q139397477}}Urwibutso rwa Gisuna ni rumwe mu nzibutso zihariye zishyinguyemo Abatutsi bishwe mu 1994, mu bihe byabanjirije [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994]]<ref name=":0">[[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994]]</ref>, bicwa mu buryo bw’agashinyaguro burimo gutwikwa n’amakara n’ubundi bugizi bwa nabi, bazira kubeshyerwa ko ari ibyitso by[[Ishyaka FPR - Inkotanyi|’Inkotanyi]]; uyu munsi, uru rwibutso rufite uruhare rukomeye mu kubungabunga ayo amateka no kwibutsa abakiriho [https://kigalitoday.com/kwibuka/article/nyuma-y-imyaka-30-nta-wari-ukwiye-kwigira-ntibindeba-resirg#:~:text=Ingaruka%20z'urwango%20rushingiye%20kuri%20jenoside%20si%20iz'uyu,bwazo%20n'ibibi%20byazo%2C%20birakomeza%20gutizwa%20umurindi%20n'uburyo ingaruka mbi z’urwango n’ivangura]<ref>https://kigalitoday.com/kwibuka/article/nyuma-y-imyaka-30-nta-wari-ukwiye-kwigira-ntibindeba-resirg#:~:text=Ingaruka%20z'urwango%20rushingiye%20kuri%20jenoside%20si%20iz'uyu,bwazo%20n'ibibi%20byazo%2C%20birakomeza%20gutizwa%20umurindi%20n'uburyo</ref>, hagamijwe kubaka sosiyete irangwa n’ubumwe n’[[amahoro]]. == '''Aho ruherereye'''<ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/ibyo-wamenya-ku-rwibutso-rwa-gisuna-rushyinguwemo-abishwe-nk-ibyitso-mu-1990</ref> == Urwibutso rwa Gisuna ruherereye mu karere ka [[Akarere ka Gicumbi|Gicumbi]], mu murenge wa [[Byumba]], ahahoze ari [[Byumba|Perefegitura ya Byumba]], rukaba rushyinguyemo imibiri y’Abatutsi bakuwe mu turere dutandukanye turimo [[Akarere ka Gatsibo|Gatsibo]], [[Akarere ka Nyagatare|Nyagatare]] na [[Akarere ka Rulindo|Rulindo]], ndetse no mu zahoze ari komine nka Muhura, Ngarama, [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Murambi|Murambi]], Muvumba, Kizinga, Buyoga na Tumba<ref>https://umuseke.rw/gicumbi-urwibutso-rwa-gisuna-rushyinguyemo-abishwe-batwitswe-bashinjwa-kuba-ibyitso/</ref>; uru rwibutso rufite agaciro gakomeye mu kubungabunga amateka y’ihohoterwa n’iyicwa ryakorewe Abatutsi, no gukomeza kwibutsa abakiriho akamaro ko kurwanya ingengabitekerezo ya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994]] no [https://kgm.rw/category/news-posts/page/2/ kubaka ubumwe n’amahoro] burambye. === '''Amateka'''<ref>https://igihe.com/amakuru/muri-afurika/u-rwanda/article/ibyo-wamenya-ku-rwibutso-rwa-gisuna-rushyinguwemo-abishwe-nk-ibyitso-mu-1990</ref> === Ubwo Inkotanyi zatangizaga urugamba tariki ya 1 Ukwakira 1990<ref name=":0" />, Abatutsi benshi bo mu zahoze ari Komini zo mu Majyaruguru batangiye gutabwa muri yombi bashinjwa kuba ibyitso, bafungirwa ahari urukiko rwa Perefegitura ya Byumba hafi y’igisirikare; ubuhamya bwa bamwe barokotse, barimo Mupenzi Joseph, bugaragaza ko kuva tariki ya 3 Ukwakira 1990 hatangiye igikorwa cyo gufata Abatutsi mu Mujyi wa Byumba no mu nkengero zawo, bagakorerwa iyicarubozo rikomeye, bakicwa mu buryo bw’agashinyaguro burimo gutemwa, gutwikwa n’amakara n’amapine, ndetse no gusukwaho ibintu bishyushye; abafashwe bavanwaga mu bice bitandukanye nka Murambi, Muhura na Muvumba bashinjwa kuba “Inyenzi”, bagashyirwa mu kato k’ubugome bukabije aho bamwe bicwaga nyuma yo kujyanwa mu kigo cya gisirikare, abandi bakajugunywa mu byobo nyuma yo gukorerwa iyicarubozo, mu gihe bake barokotse barekuwe nyuma y’amezi abiri n’akanama kari kagizwe n’abayobozi barimo Superefe na [https://www.google.com/search?q=Burugumesitiri+ubusobanuro+n%27amateka&sca_esv=aaf2d711ebae6c76&sxsrf=ANbL-n7uyO4LePGHAsyGrPbn3hZ8SCSNaQ%3A1776457903015&ei=rpjiaeXbPPeC9u8Pp57vyQw&biw=1366&bih=641&ved=0ahUKEwjl6pCy3fWTAxV3gf0HHSfPO8kQ4dUDCBE&uact=5&oq=Burugumesitiri+ubusobanuro+n%27amateka&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAiJEJ1cnVndW1lc2l0aXJpIHVidXNvYmFudXJvIG4nYW1hdGVrYTIFEAAY7wUyBRAAGO8FMggQABiJBRiiBDIFEAAY7wVItpMBUKQCWOSDAXABeACQAQCYAeMCoAGjL6oBBjItMjEuMbgBA8gBAPgBAZgCFqACojHCAgkQABiABBgNGArCAgYQABgeGA3CAgQQABgewgIIEAAYHhgNGArCAgUQIRigAcICBxAhGAoYoAHCAgQQIRgVmAMAiAYBkgcGMi0xOS4zoAexNbIHBjItMTkuM7gHojHCBwYyLTIwLjLIB4kBgAgB&sclient=gws-wiz-serp Burugumesitiri], ariko benshi mu baturukaga mu zindi [https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/ITORA_RYA_KOMINI_1967 komini] bagahitanwa n’ubwicanyi bw’indengakamere bwabibasiye mu buryo ndengakamere. '''inkomoko''' gfq9rvz35no22v0lo1gv9sbpf145dj7 0 22506 130490 2026-04-17T21:51:53Z B.Scalling 15089 gutangiza urupapuro 130490 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamigina''' ni urwibutso ruherereye mu Murenge wa Tare, mu Karere ka [[Akarere ka Nyamagabe|Nyamagabe]], mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo mu Rwanda, rwibukirwamo Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. Uru rwibutso rwari rushyinguwemo imibiri y’abazize Jenoside bishwe muri ako gace no mu nkengero zako, rukaba rufite uruhare mu gusigasira amateka no kwigisha ku ngaruka z’ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside.Ku wa 20 Mata 2025, imibiri irenga ibihumbi bine (4,200) yari ishyinguye kuri uru rwibutso yimuriwe mu Rwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Murambi ruherereye mu [[Umurenge wa Gasaka|Murenge wa Gasaka]], mu rwego rwo kurushaho kunoza imicungire n’imibungabungire y’inzibutso za Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi no guha icyubahiro gikwiye abazize Jenoside.<ref>https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/default-title-9/urwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-nyamigina-rwahujwe-nurwa-murambi-mu-rwegorwo-kurushaho-kubungabunga-amateka-ya-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi-mu-1994</ref> == '''amateka''' == Ku wa 20 Mata 2025, imibiri 4,201 y’abazize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 yari ishyinguye mu Rwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamigina ruherereye mu Murenge wa Tare, yimuriwe mu Rwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Murambi ruherereye mu Murenge wa Gasaka, mu Karere ka Nyamagabe. Iki gikorwa cyari kigamije guhuza inzibutso za Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu rwego rwo kurushaho kubungabunga [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|amateka]] no kunoza imicungire yazo.Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Nyamagabe bwatangaje ko kwimura iyo mibiri byakozwe ku bufatanye n’imiryango y’abari bashyinguwe kuri uru rwibutso, bakaba barabyemeye hagamijwe kubaha icyubahiro gikwiye no gusigasira amateka. Umuyobozi w’Akarere yashimiye imiryango yemeye icyo gikorwa, anizeza ko aho uru rwibutso rwari ruherereye hazakomeza kwitabwaho nk’ikimenyetso cy’amateka ya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.]]<ref>[[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994]]</ref>Iki gikorwa cyakurikiwe n’Umugoroba w’Ikiriyo wabereye ku Rwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamigina, witabiriwe n’abayobozi batandukanye, barimo Perezida w’Inama Njyanama y’Akarere, abayobozi bungirije b’Akarere n’abahagarariye inzego z’umutekano, amadini n’amatorero, hamwe n’abaturage.Imibiri yimuwe yashyinguwe mu cyubahiro ku wa 21 Mata 2025 mu [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Murambi|Rwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Murambi]]<ref>[[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Murambi]]</ref>, hamwe n’indi mibiri umunani, igizwe n’irindwi yari ishyinguye mu miryango n’umwe wabonetse nyuma. '''inkomoko''' fmtr10gaw0h5kb93mqtmq7880usjbb1 130491 130490 2026-04-17T22:14:33Z B.Scalling 15089 gushyiramo databox 130491 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q139406236}}'''Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamigina''' ni urwibutso ruherereye mu Murenge wa Tare, mu Karere ka [[Akarere ka Nyamagabe|Nyamagabe]], mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo mu Rwanda, rwibukirwamo Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. Uru rwibutso rwari rushyinguwemo imibiri y’abazize Jenoside bishwe muri ako gace no mu nkengero zako, rukaba rufite uruhare mu gusigasira amateka no kwigisha ku ngaruka z’ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside.Ku wa 20 Mata 2025, imibiri irenga ibihumbi bine (4,200) yari ishyinguye kuri uru rwibutso yimuriwe mu Rwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Murambi ruherereye mu [[Umurenge wa Gasaka|Murenge wa Gasaka]], mu rwego rwo kurushaho kunoza imicungire n’imibungabungire y’inzibutso za Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi no guha icyubahiro gikwiye abazize Jenoside.<ref>https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/default-title-9/urwibutso-rwa-jenoside-rwa-nyamigina-rwahujwe-nurwa-murambi-mu-rwegorwo-kurushaho-kubungabunga-amateka-ya-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi-mu-1994</ref> == '''amateka''' == Ku wa 20 Mata 2025, imibiri 4,201 y’abazize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 yari ishyinguye mu Rwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamigina ruherereye mu Murenge wa Tare, yimuriwe mu Rwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Murambi ruherereye mu Murenge wa Gasaka, mu Karere ka Nyamagabe. Iki gikorwa cyari kigamije guhuza inzibutso za Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu rwego rwo kurushaho kubungabunga [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|amateka]] no kunoza imicungire yazo.Ubuyobozi bw’Akarere ka Nyamagabe bwatangaje ko kwimura iyo mibiri byakozwe ku bufatanye n’imiryango y’abari bashyinguwe kuri uru rwibutso, bakaba barabyemeye hagamijwe kubaha icyubahiro gikwiye no gusigasira amateka. Umuyobozi w’Akarere yashimiye imiryango yemeye icyo gikorwa, anizeza ko aho uru rwibutso rwari ruherereye hazakomeza kwitabwaho nk’ikimenyetso cy’amateka ya [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.]]<ref>[[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994]]</ref>Iki gikorwa cyakurikiwe n’Umugoroba w’Ikiriyo wabereye ku Rwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Nyamigina, witabiriwe n’abayobozi batandukanye, barimo Perezida w’Inama Njyanama y’Akarere, abayobozi bungirije b’Akarere n’abahagarariye inzego z’umutekano, amadini n’amatorero, hamwe n’abaturage.Imibiri yimuwe yashyinguwe mu cyubahiro ku wa 21 Mata 2025 mu [[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Murambi|Rwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Murambi]]<ref>[[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Murambi]]</ref>, hamwe n’indi mibiri umunani, igizwe n’irindwi yari ishyinguye mu miryango n’umwe wabonetse nyuma. '''inkomoko''' jwe9n8zaripehnvve34aakgc1s9dfrf 0 22507 130521 2026-04-18T07:57:03Z B.Scalling 15089 gutangiza urupapuro 130521 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Urwibutso rwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi rwa Kiziguro'''<ref>https://www.gatsibo.gov.rw/soma-ibindi/hashyinguwe-mu-cyubahiro-imibiri-ibihumbi-5269-mu-rwibutso-rwa-kiziguro</ref> ni urwibutso ruherereye mu murenge wa Kiziguro, mu karere ka [[Akarere ka Gasabo|Gatsibo]] mu Rwanda. hashyinguwemo inzirakarengane zazize [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994]]<ref>[[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994]]</ref>, aho Abatutsi benshi biciwe muri ako gace.Uru rwibutso ni ahantu ho kwibuka, kwigira amateka no gutekereza ku byabaye, hagamijwe guha icyubahiro abazize Jenoside no kubungabunga amateka yayo. Ni rumwe mu nzibutso zitandukanye ziri mu [[Rwanda]] zashyizweho mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ubumenyi ku mateka ya Jenoside<ref>https://www.minubumwe.gov.rw/fileadmin/user_upload/MINUBUMWE/Archives/CNLG_Archives/CNLG_Publications/Jenoside_yakorewe_Abatutsi_muyahoze_ari_Perefegitura_ya_Cyangungu.pdf</ref>, kwimakaza ubumwe n’ubwiyunge, no gukumira ko ibyabaye byongera kubaho<ref>https://www.google.com/search?q=Urwibutso+rwa+Jenoside+rwa+Kiziguro&sca_esv=6fb35045ee96cfd9&sxsrf=ANbL-n6fGWdj2o0L4c8cEpsT1CZbdOCHtQ%3A1776455322863&ei=mo7iaf2sNLGG9u8P8fui8QQ&biw=1366&bih=641&ved=0ahUKEwj94enj0_WTAxUxg_0HHfG9KE4Q4dUDCBE&uact=5&oq=Urwibutso+rwa+Jenoside+rwa+Kiziguro&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAiI1Vyd2lidXRzbyByd2EgSmVub3NpZGUgcndhIEtpemlndXJvMgUQIRifBUjLM1DfFViaJXACeACQAQSYAegCoAGEDaoBBTItNS4xuAEDyAEA-AEB-AECmAICoAKeBagCAMICBBAjGCfCAgkQABgWGB4YxwPCAggQABiABBiiBMICBRAAGO8FmAME8QUjzEH6rPw02IgGAZIHBTItMS4xoAePVrIHBTItMS4xuAeeBcIHBzItMS4wLjHIBxmACAE&sclient=gws-wiz-serp</ref>. == '''Amateka''' y'urwibutso rwa kiziguro<ref>https://www.minubumwe.gov.rw/news-detail/tariki-ya-11-mata-1994-uko-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi-yakozwe-hirya-no-hino-mu-gihugu</ref> == Mu minsi ya mbere ya Jenoside, kuva tariki ya 7 kugeza ku ya 11 Mata 1994, Abatutsi benshi bo mu cyahoze ari Komini Murambi no mu nkengero zaho bahungiye kuri Paruwasi Gatolika ya Kiziguro bizeye ko baharindirwa. Icyakora, ku wa 11 Mata 1994, bagabweho igitero gikomeye n’Interahamwe zifatanyije n’abasirikare, batangira kubica kuva mu gitondo kugeza nimugoroba.Abahungiye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro biciwe mu bice bitandukanye by’iyo paruwasi, harimo mu gikari cy’abapadiri, hafi y’amashuri, ku ivuriro, no mu bindi bice byari bikikije urusengero. Imibiri y’abishwe yajugunywaga mu byobo byari hafi aho, abandi bagatabwa mu rwobo rurerure rwari munsi y’amashuri.Ubu bwicanyi bwateguwe kandi bushyirwa mu bikorwa n’abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze bafatanyije n’Interahamwe n’abasirikare baturutse mu bigo bya gisirikare bitandukanye. Abatutsi bari bahungiye aho barishwe hafi ya bose, bake cyane ni bo barokotse.Nyuma ya Jenoside, hashyizweho urwibutso rwa Kiziguro rushyinguyemo imibiri y’abazize Jenoside isaga ibihumbi 14,800<ref>https://www.minubumwe.gov.rw/news-detail/tariki-ya-11-mata-1994-uko-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi-yakozwe-hirya-no-hino-mu-gihugu</ref>. Uru rwibutso ruri mu nzibutso z’ingenzi zibungabunga amateka ya Jenoside mu [[Rwanda]], rukaba rugamije kwibuka abazize Jenoside, kwigisha amateka nyayo, no guteza imbere ubumwe n’ubwiyunge mu Banyarwanda. == '''inkomoko''' == oxwx1ja5jrqwgkvl2wz5nxjcrxyof9a 130522 130521 2026-04-18T07:59:44Z B.Scalling 15089 kongeramo ifoto 130522 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:KiziguroGenocideMemorial03.jpg|thumb|265x265px|[[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kiziguro]]]] '''Urwibutso rwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi rwa Kiziguro'''<ref>https://www.gatsibo.gov.rw/soma-ibindi/hashyinguwe-mu-cyubahiro-imibiri-ibihumbi-5269-mu-rwibutso-rwa-kiziguro</ref> ni urwibutso ruherereye mu murenge wa Kiziguro, mu karere ka [[Akarere ka Gasabo|Gatsibo]] mu Rwanda. hashyinguwemo inzirakarengane zazize [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994]]<ref>[[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994]]</ref>, aho Abatutsi benshi biciwe muri ako gace.Uru rwibutso ni ahantu ho kwibuka, kwigira amateka no gutekereza ku byabaye, hagamijwe guha icyubahiro abazize Jenoside no kubungabunga amateka yayo. Ni rumwe mu nzibutso zitandukanye ziri mu [[Rwanda]] zashyizweho mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ubumenyi ku mateka ya Jenoside<ref>https://www.minubumwe.gov.rw/fileadmin/user_upload/MINUBUMWE/Archives/CNLG_Archives/CNLG_Publications/Jenoside_yakorewe_Abatutsi_muyahoze_ari_Perefegitura_ya_Cyangungu.pdf</ref>, kwimakaza ubumwe n’ubwiyunge, no gukumira ko ibyabaye byongera kubaho<ref>https://www.google.com/search?q=Urwibutso+rwa+Jenoside+rwa+Kiziguro&sca_esv=6fb35045ee96cfd9&sxsrf=ANbL-n6fGWdj2o0L4c8cEpsT1CZbdOCHtQ%3A1776455322863&ei=mo7iaf2sNLGG9u8P8fui8QQ&biw=1366&bih=641&ved=0ahUKEwj94enj0_WTAxUxg_0HHfG9KE4Q4dUDCBE&uact=5&oq=Urwibutso+rwa+Jenoside+rwa+Kiziguro&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAiI1Vyd2lidXRzbyByd2EgSmVub3NpZGUgcndhIEtpemlndXJvMgUQIRifBUjLM1DfFViaJXACeACQAQSYAegCoAGEDaoBBTItNS4xuAEDyAEA-AEB-AECmAICoAKeBagCAMICBBAjGCfCAgkQABgWGB4YxwPCAggQABiABBiiBMICBRAAGO8FmAME8QUjzEH6rPw02IgGAZIHBTItMS4xoAePVrIHBTItMS4xuAeeBcIHBzItMS4wLjHIBxmACAE&sclient=gws-wiz-serp</ref>. == '''Amateka''' y'urwibutso rwa kiziguro<ref>https://www.minubumwe.gov.rw/news-detail/tariki-ya-11-mata-1994-uko-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi-yakozwe-hirya-no-hino-mu-gihugu</ref> == Mu minsi ya mbere ya Jenoside, kuva tariki ya 7 kugeza ku ya 11 Mata 1994, Abatutsi benshi bo mu cyahoze ari Komini Murambi no mu nkengero zaho bahungiye kuri Paruwasi Gatolika ya Kiziguro bizeye ko baharindirwa. Icyakora, ku wa 11 Mata 1994, bagabweho igitero gikomeye n’Interahamwe zifatanyije n’abasirikare, batangira kubica kuva mu gitondo kugeza nimugoroba.Abahungiye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro biciwe mu bice bitandukanye by’iyo paruwasi, harimo mu gikari cy’abapadiri, hafi y’amashuri, ku ivuriro, no mu bindi bice byari bikikije urusengero. Imibiri y’abishwe yajugunywaga mu byobo byari hafi aho, abandi bagatabwa mu rwobo rurerure rwari munsi y’amashuri.Ubu bwicanyi bwateguwe kandi bushyirwa mu bikorwa n’abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze bafatanyije n’Interahamwe n’abasirikare baturutse mu bigo bya gisirikare bitandukanye. Abatutsi bari bahungiye aho barishwe hafi ya bose, bake cyane ni bo barokotse.Nyuma ya Jenoside, hashyizweho urwibutso rwa Kiziguro rushyinguyemo imibiri y’abazize Jenoside isaga ibihumbi 14,800<ref>https://www.minubumwe.gov.rw/news-detail/tariki-ya-11-mata-1994-uko-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi-yakozwe-hirya-no-hino-mu-gihugu</ref>. Uru rwibutso ruri mu nzibutso z’ingenzi zibungabunga amateka ya Jenoside mu [[Rwanda]], rukaba rugamije kwibuka abazize Jenoside, kwigisha amateka nyayo, no guteza imbere ubumwe n’ubwiyunge mu Banyarwanda. == '''inkomoko''' == b6ow0ot01arm8fxpqgmcfo12ssolnzo 130523 130522 2026-04-18T08:08:59Z B.Scalling 15089 kongeramo amafoto 130523 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:KiziguroGenocideMemorial03.jpg|thumb|265x265px|[[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kiziguro]]]] [[Dosiye:KiziguroGenocideMemorial03.jpg|alt=Urwibutso rwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi rwa Kiziguro, ruherereye mu Karere ka Gatsibo, rushyinguyemo imibiri y'Abatutsi irenga 20,183 bishwe muri Mata 1994, kikaba ari kimwe mu bice byibandwaho mu kwibuka Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda. Uru rwibutso rwubakiye ku mateka yo ku kiliziya ya Kiziguro, aho abazize jenoside bajugunywe mu rwobo.|thumb|'''KiziguroGenocideMemorial''']] '''Urwibutso rwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi rwa Kiziguro'''<ref>https://www.gatsibo.gov.rw/soma-ibindi/hashyinguwe-mu-cyubahiro-imibiri-ibihumbi-5269-mu-rwibutso-rwa-kiziguro</ref> ni urwibutso ruherereye mu murenge wa Kiziguro, mu karere ka [[Akarere ka Gasabo|Gatsibo]] mu Rwanda. hashyinguwemo inzirakarengane zazize [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994]]<ref>[[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994]]</ref>, aho Abatutsi benshi biciwe muri ako gace.Uru rwibutso ni ahantu ho kwibuka, kwigira amateka no gutekereza ku byabaye, hagamijwe guha icyubahiro abazize Jenoside no kubungabunga amateka yayo. Ni rumwe mu nzibutso zitandukanye ziri mu [[Rwanda]] zashyizweho mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ubumenyi ku mateka ya Jenoside<ref>https://www.minubumwe.gov.rw/fileadmin/user_upload/MINUBUMWE/Archives/CNLG_Archives/CNLG_Publications/Jenoside_yakorewe_Abatutsi_muyahoze_ari_Perefegitura_ya_Cyangungu.pdf</ref>, kwimakaza ubumwe n’ubwiyunge, no gukumira ko ibyabaye byongera kubaho<ref>https://www.google.com/search?q=Urwibutso+rwa+Jenoside+rwa+Kiziguro&sca_esv=6fb35045ee96cfd9&sxsrf=ANbL-n6fGWdj2o0L4c8cEpsT1CZbdOCHtQ%3A1776455322863&ei=mo7iaf2sNLGG9u8P8fui8QQ&biw=1366&bih=641&ved=0ahUKEwj94enj0_WTAxUxg_0HHfG9KE4Q4dUDCBE&uact=5&oq=Urwibutso+rwa+Jenoside+rwa+Kiziguro&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAiI1Vyd2lidXRzbyByd2EgSmVub3NpZGUgcndhIEtpemlndXJvMgUQIRifBUjLM1DfFViaJXACeACQAQSYAegCoAGEDaoBBTItNS4xuAEDyAEA-AEB-AECmAICoAKeBagCAMICBBAjGCfCAgkQABgWGB4YxwPCAggQABiABBiiBMICBRAAGO8FmAME8QUjzEH6rPw02IgGAZIHBTItMS4xoAePVrIHBTItMS4xuAeeBcIHBzItMS4wLjHIBxmACAE&sclient=gws-wiz-serp</ref>. == '''Amateka''' y'urwibutso rwa kiziguro<ref>https://www.minubumwe.gov.rw/news-detail/tariki-ya-11-mata-1994-uko-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi-yakozwe-hirya-no-hino-mu-gihugu</ref> == Mu minsi ya mbere ya Jenoside, kuva tariki ya 7 kugeza ku ya 11 Mata 1994, Abatutsi benshi bo mu cyahoze ari Komini Murambi no mu nkengero zaho bahungiye kuri Paruwasi Gatolika ya Kiziguro bizeye ko baharindirwa. Icyakora, ku wa 11 Mata 1994, bagabweho igitero gikomeye n’Interahamwe zifatanyije n’abasirikare, batangira kubica kuva mu gitondo kugeza nimugoroba.Abahungiye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro biciwe mu bice bitandukanye by’iyo paruwasi, harimo mu gikari cy’abapadiri, hafi y’amashuri, ku ivuriro, no mu bindi bice byari bikikije urusengero. Imibiri y’abishwe yajugunywaga mu byobo byari hafi aho, abandi bagatabwa mu rwobo rurerure rwari munsi y’amashuri.Ubu bwicanyi bwateguwe kandi bushyirwa mu bikorwa n’abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze bafatanyije n’Interahamwe n’abasirikare baturutse mu bigo bya gisirikare bitandukanye. Abatutsi bari bahungiye aho barishwe hafi ya bose, bake cyane ni bo barokotse.Nyuma ya Jenoside, hashyizweho urwibutso rwa Kiziguro rushyinguyemo imibiri y’abazize Jenoside isaga ibihumbi 14,800<ref>https://www.minubumwe.gov.rw/news-detail/tariki-ya-11-mata-1994-uko-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi-yakozwe-hirya-no-hino-mu-gihugu</ref>. Uru rwibutso ruri mu nzibutso z’ingenzi zibungabunga amateka ya Jenoside mu [[Rwanda]], rukaba rugamije kwibuka abazize Jenoside, kwigisha amateka nyayo, no guteza imbere ubumwe n’ubwiyunge mu Banyarwanda. == '''inkomoko''' == 6rm2mg3lkchfypjk984pf77hibatp2d 130524 130523 2026-04-18T08:10:59Z B.Scalling 15089 130524 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Dosiye:KiziguroGenocideMemorial03.jpg|thumb|265x265px|[[Urwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kiziguro]]]] [[Dosiye:KiziguroGenocideMemorial03.jpg|alt=Urwibutso rwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi rwa Kiziguro, ruherereye mu Karere ka Gatsibo, rushyinguyemo imibiri y'Abatutsi irenga 20,183 bishwe muri Mata 1994, kikaba ari kimwe mu bice byibandwaho mu kwibuka Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda. Uru rwibutso rwubakiye ku mateka yo ku kiliziya ya Kiziguro, aho abazize jenoside bajugunywe mu rwobo.|thumb|'''KiziguroGenocideMemorial''']] {{Databox|excludeProperties=Q130760044|useImage=[[File:KiziguroGenocideMemorial03.jpg|Kiziguro Genocide Memorial]]}}'''Urwibutso rwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi rwa Kiziguro'''<ref>https://www.gatsibo.gov.rw/soma-ibindi/hashyinguwe-mu-cyubahiro-imibiri-ibihumbi-5269-mu-rwibutso-rwa-kiziguro</ref> ni urwibutso ruherereye mu murenge wa Kiziguro, mu karere ka [[Akarere ka Gasabo|Gatsibo]] mu Rwanda. hashyinguwemo inzirakarengane zazize [[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994|Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994]]<ref>[[Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994]]</ref>, aho Abatutsi benshi biciwe muri ako gace.Uru rwibutso ni ahantu ho kwibuka, kwigira amateka no gutekereza ku byabaye, hagamijwe guha icyubahiro abazize Jenoside no kubungabunga amateka yayo. Ni rumwe mu nzibutso zitandukanye ziri mu [[Rwanda]] zashyizweho mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ubumenyi ku mateka ya Jenoside<ref>https://www.minubumwe.gov.rw/fileadmin/user_upload/MINUBUMWE/Archives/CNLG_Archives/CNLG_Publications/Jenoside_yakorewe_Abatutsi_muyahoze_ari_Perefegitura_ya_Cyangungu.pdf</ref>, kwimakaza ubumwe n’ubwiyunge, no gukumira ko ibyabaye byongera kubaho<ref>https://www.google.com/search?q=Urwibutso+rwa+Jenoside+rwa+Kiziguro&sca_esv=6fb35045ee96cfd9&sxsrf=ANbL-n6fGWdj2o0L4c8cEpsT1CZbdOCHtQ%3A1776455322863&ei=mo7iaf2sNLGG9u8P8fui8QQ&biw=1366&bih=641&ved=0ahUKEwj94enj0_WTAxUxg_0HHfG9KE4Q4dUDCBE&uact=5&oq=Urwibutso+rwa+Jenoside+rwa+Kiziguro&gs_lp=Egxnd3Mtd2l6LXNlcnAiI1Vyd2lidXRzbyByd2EgSmVub3NpZGUgcndhIEtpemlndXJvMgUQIRifBUjLM1DfFViaJXACeACQAQSYAegCoAGEDaoBBTItNS4xuAEDyAEA-AEB-AECmAICoAKeBagCAMICBBAjGCfCAgkQABgWGB4YxwPCAggQABiABBiiBMICBRAAGO8FmAME8QUjzEH6rPw02IgGAZIHBTItMS4xoAePVrIHBTItMS4xuAeeBcIHBzItMS4wLjHIBxmACAE&sclient=gws-wiz-serp</ref>. == '''Amateka''' y'urwibutso rwa kiziguro<ref>https://www.minubumwe.gov.rw/news-detail/tariki-ya-11-mata-1994-uko-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi-yakozwe-hirya-no-hino-mu-gihugu</ref> == Mu minsi ya mbere ya Jenoside, kuva tariki ya 7 kugeza ku ya 11 Mata 1994, Abatutsi benshi bo mu cyahoze ari Komini Murambi no mu nkengero zaho bahungiye kuri Paruwasi Gatolika ya Kiziguro bizeye ko baharindirwa. Icyakora, ku wa 11 Mata 1994, bagabweho igitero gikomeye n’Interahamwe zifatanyije n’abasirikare, batangira kubica kuva mu gitondo kugeza nimugoroba.Abahungiye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro biciwe mu bice bitandukanye by’iyo paruwasi, harimo mu gikari cy’abapadiri, hafi y’amashuri, ku ivuriro, no mu bindi bice byari bikikije urusengero. Imibiri y’abishwe yajugunywaga mu byobo byari hafi aho, abandi bagatabwa mu rwobo rurerure rwari munsi y’amashuri.Ubu bwicanyi bwateguwe kandi bushyirwa mu bikorwa n’abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze bafatanyije n’Interahamwe n’abasirikare baturutse mu bigo bya gisirikare bitandukanye. Abatutsi bari bahungiye aho barishwe hafi ya bose, bake cyane ni bo barokotse.Nyuma ya Jenoside, hashyizweho urwibutso rwa Kiziguro rushyinguyemo imibiri y’abazize Jenoside isaga ibihumbi 14,800<ref>https://www.minubumwe.gov.rw/news-detail/tariki-ya-11-mata-1994-uko-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi-yakozwe-hirya-no-hino-mu-gihugu</ref>. Uru rwibutso ruri mu nzibutso z’ingenzi zibungabunga amateka ya Jenoside mu [[Rwanda]], rukaba rugamije kwibuka abazize Jenoside, kwigisha amateka nyayo, no guteza imbere ubumwe n’ubwiyunge mu Banyarwanda. == '''inkomoko''' == 7yrzf82cr20amk2bzzw5g18d4ise87p 0 22508 130525 2026-04-18T08:28:27Z Elysee 2006 17908 guhanga urupapuro 130525 wikitext text/x-wiki '''URWIBUTSO RWA JENOSIDE YAKOREWE ABATUTSI 1994 MUSANGE''' Uru ni urwibutso ruherereye mu ntara y'amajyepfo mu karere ka Nyamagabe,umurenge wa Musange,akagari ka jenda mucyahoze ari komine Musange<ref>https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/default-title-9/musange-hatangirijwe-ku-rwego-rwintara-kwibuka-ku-nshuro-ya-30-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi-mu-1994</ref>. 39gh32ve0joy6rs2az3s2lx8bhjhpbf 130526 130525 2026-04-18T08:32:56Z Elysee 2006 17908 kongeramo amakuru 130526 wikitext text/x-wiki '''URWIBUTSO RWA JENOSIDE YAKOREWE ABATUTSI 1994 MUSANGE''' Uru ni urwibutso ruherereye mu ntara y'amajyepfo mu karere ka Nyamagabe,umurenge wa Musange,akagari ka jenda mucyahoze ari komine Musange<ref>https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/default-title-9/musange-hatangirijwe-ku-rwego-rwintara-kwibuka-ku-nshuro-ya-30-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi-mu-1994</ref>.Ruruhukiyemo imibiri irenga 26,000. '''AMATEKA YARANZE MUSANGE''' cym6i6tnftb774pm21elx5dgzr4rco6 130527 130526 2026-04-18T08:37:45Z Elysee 2006 17908 kongeramo amakuru 130527 wikitext text/x-wiki '''URWIBUTSO RWA JENOSIDE YAKOREWE ABATUTSI 1994 MUSANGE''' Uru ni urwibutso ruherereye mu ntara y'amajyepfo mu karere ka Nyamagabe,umurenge wa Musange,akagari ka jenda mucyahoze ari komine Musange<ref>https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/default-title-9/musange-hatangirijwe-ku-rwego-rwintara-kwibuka-ku-nshuro-ya-30-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi-mu-1994</ref>.Ruruhukiyemo imibiri irenga 26,000. '''AMATEKA YARANZE MUSANGE MBERE YA JENOSIDE''' Mbere nambere 57qy46bpuiea6u5lts8ciwgb0st1t4m 130530 130527 2026-04-18T09:54:23Z Elysee 2006 17908 130530 wikitext text/x-wiki '''URWIBUTSO RWA JENOSIDE YAKOREWE ABATUTSI 1994 MUSANGE''' Uru ni urwibutso ruherereye mu ntara y'amajyepfo mu karere ka Nyamagabe,umurenge wa Musange,akagari ka jenda mucyahoze ari komine Musange<ref>https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/default-title-9/musange-hatangirijwe-ku-rwego-rwintara-kwibuka-ku-nshuro-ya-30-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi-mu-1994</ref>.Ruruhukiyemo imibiri irenga 26,000. '''AMATEKA YARANZE MUSANGE MBERE YA JENOSIDE''' Mbere nambere abaturajye bari bunze ubumwe bahahirana, ndetse bagashyingirana.Nyuma yuko [[Grégoire Kayibanda|Gregoire KAYIBANDA]] agiriye kubutegetsi nka perezida waranzwe namacakubiri nironda karere mubutegest bwe akaza guhirikwa kubutegetsi na [[Juvénal Habyarimana|Juvenil HABYARIMANA]] ariko utaragize icyo ahindura Kimwe nahandi mugihugu hakomeje gutoza interahamwe ndetse no ku 38bxpoq3d4e3sz18jjujq1f8s3e5vwz 130532 130530 2026-04-18T10:19:02Z Elysee 2006 17908 KONGERAMO 130532 wikitext text/x-wiki '''URWIBUTSO RWA JENOSIDE YAKOREWE ABATUTSI 1994 MUSANGE''' Uru ni urwibutso ruherereye mu ntara y'amajyepfo mu karere ka Nyamagabe,umurenge wa Musange,akagari ka jenda mucyahoze ari komine Musange<ref>https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/default-title-9/musange-hatangirijwe-ku-rwego-rwintara-kwibuka-ku-nshuro-ya-30-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi-mu-1994</ref>.Ruruhukiyemo imibiri irenga 26,000. '''AMATEKA YARANZE MUSANGE MBERE YA JENOSIDE''' Mbere nambere abaturajye bari bunze ubumwe bahahirana, ndetse bagashyingirana.Nyuma yuko [[Grégoire Kayibanda|Gregoire KAYIBANDA]] agiriye kubutegetsi nka perezida waranzwe namacakubiri nironda karere mubutegest bwe akaza guhirikwa kubutegetsi na [[Juvénal Habyarimana|Juvenil HABYARIMANA]] ariko utaragize icyo ahindura mu miyoborere ye. Kimwe nahandi mugihugu hakomeje gutozwa interahamwe ndetse no kubiba amacakubiri agamije kwangisha Abahutu Abatutsi. '''MUGIHE CYA JENOSIDE''' 81pz11nhgbet541naxtsnh68gbh117a 130533 130532 2026-04-18T11:19:58Z Elysee 2006 17908 inyongera 130533 wikitext text/x-wiki '''URWIBUTSO RWA JENOSIDE YAKOREWE ABATUTSI 1994 MUSANGE''' Uru ni urwibutso ruherereye mu ntara y'amajyepfo mu karere ka Nyamagabe,umurenge wa Musange,akagari ka jenda mucyahoze ari komine Musange<ref>https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/default-title-9/musange-hatangirijwe-ku-rwego-rwintara-kwibuka-ku-nshuro-ya-30-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi-mu-1994</ref>.Ruruhukiyemo imibiri irenga 26,000. '''AMATEKA YARANZE MUSANGE MBERE YA JENOSIDE''' Mbere nambere abaturajye bari bunze ubumwe bahahirana, ndetse bagashyingirana.Nyuma yuko [[Grégoire Kayibanda|Gregoire KAYIBANDA]] agiriye kubutegetsi nka perezida waranzwe namacakubiri nironda karere mubutegest bwe akaza guhirikwa kubutegetsi na [[Juvénal Habyarimana|Juvenil HABYARIMANA]] ariko utaragize icyo ahindura mu miyoborere ye. Kimwe nahandi mugihugu hakomeje gutozwa interahamwe ndetse no kubiba amacakubiri agamije kwangisha Abahutu Abatutsi. Aha nihamwe mugihugu hageragerejwe jenoside mu myaka 1959-1963<ref>https://www.minubumwe.gov.rw/news-detail/kwibuka30-min-dr-bizimana-yagaragaje-ibyaranzwe-itegurwa-rya-jenoside-ku-gikongoro</ref> '''MUGIHE CYA JENOSIDE''' 1ysh9b2shugsxh8a8bs525vzn0qpu41 130534 130533 2026-04-18T11:44:26Z Elysee 2006 17908 130534 wikitext text/x-wiki '''URWIBUTSO RWA JENOSIDE YAKOREWE ABATUTSI MU 1994 MUSANGE''' Uru ni urwibutso ruherereye mu ntara y'amajyepfo mu karere ka Nyamagabe,umurenge wa Musange,akagari ka jenda mucyahoze ari komine Musange<ref>https://www.nyamagabe.gov.rw/default-title-9/musange-hatangirijwe-ku-rwego-rwintara-kwibuka-ku-nshuro-ya-30-jenoside-yakorewe-abatutsi-mu-1994</ref>.Ruruhukiyemo imibiri irenga 26,000. '''AMATEKA YARANZE MUSANGE MBERE YA JENOSIDE''' Mbere nambere abaturajye bari bunze ubumwe bahahirana, ndetse bagashyingirana.Nyuma yuko [[Grégoire Kayibanda|Gregoire KAYIBANDA]] agiriye kubutegetsi nka perezida waranzwe namacakubiri nironda karere mubutegest bwe akaza guhirikwa kubutegetsi na [[Juvénal Habyarimana|Juvenil HABYARIMANA]] ariko utaragize icyo ahindura mu miyoborere ye. Kimwe nahandi mugihugu hakomeje gutozwa interahamwe ndetse no kubiba amacakubiri agamije kwangisha Abahutu Abatutsi. Aha nihamwe mugihugu hageragerejwe jenoside mu myaka 1959-1963<ref>https://www.minubumwe.gov.rw/news-detail/kwibuka30-min-dr-bizimana-yagaragaje-ibyaranzwe-itegurwa-rya-jenoside-ku-gikongoro</ref> '''MUGIHE CYA JENOSIDE''' pma2jggjuum8tdkndk7djcrjnrbkz2r