ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ

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    <title>ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ</title>
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|name      = ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ
|sample    = Greekalphabet.svg
|imagesize = 250px
|type      = ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ
|languages = [[ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱜᱨᱤᱠ]]
|official script =
*[[ᱜᱨᱤᱠ]]
*[[ᱥᱟᱭᱯᱨᱟᱥ]]
*[[European Union]]
|time      = {{nowrap|c. 800 BC –}} present{{sfn|Swiggers|1996|p=}}{{sfn|Johnston|2003|pages=263–276}}
|fam1      = [[Egyptian hieroglyphs]]
|fam2      = [[ᱯᱨᱚᱴᱚ-ᱥᱤᱱᱟᱭᱴᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ]]
|fam3      = [[ᱯᱷᱚᱱᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ]]
|children  = {{hlist|style=line-height:1.35em; |[[Gothic alphabet|Gothic]] |[[Glagolitic alphabet|Glagolitic]] |[[Cyrillic script|Cyrillic]] |[[Coptic alphabet|Coptic]] |[[Armenian alphabet|Armenian]] |[[Old Italic script|Old Italic]] and thus [[ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ|ᱞᱮᱴᱤᱱ]] |[[Georgian scripts|Georgian]]}}
|unicode   = {{ublist |class=nowrap |[https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0370.pdf U+0370–U+03FF] {{smaller|Greek and Coptic}} |[https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1F00.pdf U+1F00–U+1FFF] {{smaller|Greek Extended}}}}
|iso15924  = Grek
|note      = none
}}

'''ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ''' ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱥᱩᱢᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱙ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[ᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;The date of the earliest inscribed objects; A.W. Johnston, &quot;The alphabet&quot;, in N. Stampolidis and V. Karageorghis, eds, ''Sea Routes from Sidon to Huelva: Interconnections in the Mediterranean'' 2003:263-76, summarizes the present scholarship on the dating.&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱚᱭᱮᱱᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱶ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.arcalog.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Near-Eastern-Chronology-and-the-development-of-the-Greek-Alphabet.pdf The Development of the Greek Alphabet within the Chronology of the ANE] (2009), Quote: &quot;Naveh gives four major reasons why it is universally agreed that the Greek alphabet was developed from an early Phoenician alphabet.&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱯᱞᱵᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱴᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱭᱨᱤᱞᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱵᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱞᱠᱷᱟ, ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱔ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱟᱞᱯᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱢᱮᱜᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱞ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ ᱚᱞ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱞᱟᱴᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱭᱨᱤᱞᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱾

== ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ==
ᱢᱟᱭᱥᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱥᱩᱢᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱑᱖ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱒ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱵᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱭᱥᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱤᱥᱩᱢᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱙ ᱥᱟᱭᱟᱝ ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱚᱭᱮᱱᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱱᱩᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱦᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱧᱩᱛ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱯᱷᱚᱭᱮᱱᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱣᱮᱥᱴ ᱥᱮᱢᱤᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱩᱨᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱯᱷᱚᱭᱮᱱᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱠᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱯᱷᱚᱭᱮᱱᱤᱠ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱡᱟ ᱦᱟᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱵᱽᱡᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱪᱤᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱮ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾

== ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable &quot;
|- 
|colspan=&quot;1&quot; | '''ᱜᱨᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ''' 
|-

| &lt;big&gt;Α&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱟᱞᱯᱷᱟ&lt;/small&gt; 
| &lt;big&gt;Β&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱵᱤᱴᱟ&lt;/small&gt; 
| &lt;big&gt;Γ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱜᱟᱢᱟ&lt;/small&gt; 
|&lt;big&gt;Δ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱰᱮᱞᱴᱟ&lt;/small&gt; 
| &lt;big&gt;Ε&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱤᱯᱥᱞᱚᱱ&lt;/small&gt; 
| &lt;big&gt;Ζ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱡᱤᱴᱟ&lt;/small&gt;
| &lt;big&gt;Η&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱮᱴᱟ&lt;/small&gt; 
| &lt;big&gt;Θ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱛᱷᱤᱴᱟ&lt;/small&gt; 
|- 
|&lt;big&gt;Ι&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱟᱭᱚᱴᱟ&lt;/small&gt; 
| &lt;big&gt;Κ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱠᱟᱯᱯᱟ&lt;/small&gt; 
|&lt;big&gt;Λ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱞᱟᱢᱲᱟ&lt;/small&gt; 
| &lt;big&gt;Μ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱢᱭᱩ&lt;/small&gt; 
| &lt;big&gt;Ν&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱱᱭᱩ&lt;/small&gt; 
| &lt;big&gt;Ξ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱡᱟᱭᱤ&lt;/small&gt; 
|&lt;big&gt;Ο&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱚᱢᱤᱠᱨᱟᱱ&lt;/small&gt; 
| &lt;big&gt;Π&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱯᱟᱭ&lt;/small&gt; 
|-
| &lt;big&gt;Ρ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱨᱚ&lt;/small&gt; 
|&lt;big&gt;Σ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱥᱤᱜᱽᱢᱥᱟ&lt;/small&gt; 
| &lt;big&gt;Τ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱴᱟᱣ&lt;/small&gt; 
| &lt;big&gt;Υ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱚᱯᱥᱤᱞᱚᱱ&lt;/small&gt; 
| &lt;big&gt;Φ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱯᱷᱟᱭ&lt;/small&gt; 
| &lt;big&gt;Χ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱪᱟᱭᱤ&lt;/small&gt; 
| &lt;big&gt;Ψ&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱥᱟᱭᱤ&lt;/small&gt; 
| &lt;big&gt;Ω&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;ᱳᱢᱮᱜᱟ&lt;/small&gt;
|}

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
* [http://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0370.pdf Greek and Coptic] character list in Unicode
* [http://sites.dartmouth.edu/ellinikasimera/?page_id=29 Examples of Greek handwriting]
*Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151104201807/http://www.tlg.uci.edu/~opoudjis/unicode/unicode.html |title=Greek Unicode Issues (Nick Nicholas)
* [https://www.unicode.org/faq/greek.html Unicode FAQ – Greek Language and Script]
* [http://www.alanwood.net/unicode/greek.html alphabetic test for Greek Unicode range] (Alan Wood)
* [http://www.alanwood.net/unicode/ancient-greek-numbers.html numeric test for Greek Unicode range]
* [http://kalvesmaki.com/keyboards/grc.html Classical Greek keyboard], a browser-based tool
* Collection of free fonts: [http://www.greekfontsociety.gr/pages/en_typefaces1.html greekfontsociety.gr] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120133822/http://www.greekfontsociety.gr/pages/en_typefaces1.html |date=2018-01-20 }}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:!Main category]]
&lt;references /&gt;
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯ]]</text>
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      <text bytes="10325" sha1="sdx1a4wy8rnif16zpa1wrky48jlgns5" xml:space="preserve">[[File: Jnehru.jpg|thumb|ᱡᱚᱵᱟᱦᱚᱨᱞᱟᱞ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ]]

'''ᱡᱚᱵᱟᱦᱚᱨᱞᱟᱞ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ''' (ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱔, ᱑᱘᱘᱙ - ᱢᱮ ᱒᱗, ᱑᱙᱖᱔ ) [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝᱢᱚᱸᱛᱨᱤᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟ.ᱞᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱛᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱺᱫᱷᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱟ.ᱯᱱᱟ.ᱛ ᱦᱩᱞᱥᱟ.ᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱨᱩᱯᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟ.ᱯᱱᱟ.ᱛ ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱙᱖᱔ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱜ ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱵᱤᱡ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾  ᱡᱚᱵᱟᱦᱚᱨᱞᱟᱞ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ. ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱪᱟ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;cite web|url=http://inc.in/organization/2-Pandit%20Jawaharlal%20Nehru/profile|title=Indian{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} National Congress|work=inc.in&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;cite web|last=|first=|title=Nation pays tribute to Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru on his 124th birth anniversary|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-nation-pays-tribute-to-pandit-jawaharlal-nehru-on-his-124th-birth-anniversary-1918978|accessdate=28 February 2015&lt;/ref&gt;


==ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ==

ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟ.ᱞ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱸᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱸᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩᱭ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱑᱙᱔᱑ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮ ᱥᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱛᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟ.ᱨᱤᱭᱟ. ᱜᱟᱬᱟ/ᱣᱟᱨᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱟᱺᱜᱤᱵᱷᱟ.ᱨᱤᱭᱟ. ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱠᱢᱩ ᱡᱚ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱦᱚᱪᱚᱭ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱨᱮᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱑᱙᱕᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱫᱷᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢᱤᱛ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱟ.ᱣᱰᱤ-ᱟ.ᱨᱤ, ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱼᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟ.ᱨ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ 


ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱸᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱑᱙᱕᱑, ᱑᱙᱕᱗ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱖᱒ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟ.ᱨ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱫᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱠᱱᱟ.ᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟ.ᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟ.ᱨᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱖᱒ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱱᱼᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱞᱟ.ᱰᱷᱟ.ᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱨᱮ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱜᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ &quot;'''ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ. ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ'''&quot;  ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ 

==ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ==

ᱡᱚᱵᱟᱦᱚᱨᱞᱟᱞ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱔ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱘᱘᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱳᱛᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ,  (᱑᱘᱖᱑ ᱼ ᱑᱙᱓᱑) ᱾ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱣᱚᱨᱩᱯᱟ ᱱᱮᱦᱮᱨᱩ , ᱮᱨᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱲᱟ ᱱᱮᱦᱮᱨᱩ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱤᱥᱟ.ᱬ ᱵᱟᱨᱤᱥᱴᱚᱨ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟ.ᱥᱢᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟ. ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱤᱛ ᱥᱚᱢᱩᱫᱟᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;Zakaria, Rafiq ''A Study of Nehru'', Times of India Press, 1960, p. 22&lt;/ref&gt;  ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟ.ᱞ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤᱭᱚ ᱠᱚᱸᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱣᱚᱨᱩᱯᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱛᱷᱩᱥᱩ (᱑᱘᱖᱘ ᱼ ᱑᱙᱓᱘), ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱦᱳᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱥᱠᱚᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱵᱽᱬᱮ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱳᱛᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱤᱡ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱮᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ. ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱵᱟᱦᱚᱨᱞᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ. ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱟ.ᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱡᱚᱭᱟ ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱢᱤ, ᱥᱚᱧᱡᱩᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟ. ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱟ ᱠᱨᱩᱥᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱴᱷᱤᱥᱤᱸᱝ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟ.ᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟ.ᱜᱟ.ᱭ ᱟᱜ ᱟ.ᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

==ᱜᱟᱞᱚᱪ==


ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱱᱚᱝᱞᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱭᱦᱟ.ᱨ ᱟᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱩᱞᱟ.ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟ.ᱞ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱠᱟ.ᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟ.ᱠᱤᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱰ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ 

ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱛᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱭᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱟᱺᱜᱤᱵᱷᱟ.ᱨᱤᱭᱟ. ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱳᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱞᱟᱫᱮᱜ ᱟᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱮ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ  ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱫᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱽᱵᱷᱟᱭᱤ ᱯᱳᱴᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟ.ᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱠᱷᱭᱚᱢ ᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱲᱟ.ᱭ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱛᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟ.ᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱸᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ ᱯᱟᱴᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱵ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱠᱚᱸᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥ ᱯᱟᱴᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱵᱼᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤᱜᱮ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟ.ᱞ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤᱭ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟ. ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱜᱟᱸᱫᱷᱤᱡᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱵᱟᱦᱚᱨᱞᱟᱞ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.himanshushekhar.in/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82-%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87-%E0%A4%A2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4/ |title=ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ: ᱜᱟᱹᱱᱫᱷᱤᱭᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱱᱛᱨᱤ |access-date=2018-04-09 |archive-date=2019-02-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190224061608/http://www.himanshushekhar.in/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82-%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87-%E0%A4%A2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
https://web.archive.org/web/20151103174317/http://www.india-today.com/itoday/millennium/100people/nehru.html

https://web.archive.org/web/20110728032727/http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2120/stories/20041008000307600.htm

https://books.google.com/books?id=sI_I-jk8YWsC&amp;dq=nehru+communalism&amp;printsec=frontcover

http://www.saadigitalarchive.org/search/jawaharlal%20nehru{{Dead link|date=December 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0624587/

http://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/pe/012834
==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}


[[Category:!Main category]]
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[[File:Santal House at &amp;quot;State Tribal Festival-2020&amp;quot; (Odisha), bhubaneswar, India.jpg|thumb|Santal House at &amp;quot;State Tribal Festival-2020&amp;quot; (Odisha), bhubaneswar, India]]
'''ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ''' ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]], [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ]], [[ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ]], [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]], [[ᱟᱥᱟᱢ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ [[ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ]] [[ᱛᱨᱤᱯᱩᱨᱟ]], [[ᱪᱷᱚᱛᱛᱤᱥᱜᱚᱲ]] ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾

==ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ==
[[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱸᱜᱚᱪ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Wikipedia 1965&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=Languages with official status in India | website=Wikipedia | date=1965-01-26 | url=https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_with_official_status_in_India | access-date=2019-03-20}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ==
ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱤᱫᱤᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱨᱟᱯᱟᱪᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱝᱜᱮ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ|ᱥᱟᱨᱤᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ]] ᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱜᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱨᱱᱟ]] ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱜᱮᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾

==ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ==
ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱝᱜᱟ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱨᱟᱲᱮᱡᱽ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱝ ᱨᱟᱭᱨᱤᱛ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ :
*ᱫᱚᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ
*ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱬᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ
*[[ᱫᱟᱥᱟᱸᱭ]] ᱮᱱᱮᱡ
*ᱰᱟᱱᱴᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ
*ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ
*ᱨᱤᱧᱡᱟᱹ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ
*ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ

==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==

* [http://livelystories.com/2013/06/14/santhal-rebellion-part-i-the-begining/ Santal Rebellion]
* [http://www.santalengineers.org/ Santal Engineers' Welfare Association – Working for all round development of Adivasi]
* [http://aiswacs.org.in/ All India Santal Welfare and Cultural Society]
* [http://www.tribalarts.com/feature/santal/ Santal Arts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061205015825/http://www.tribalarts.com/feature/santal/ |date=2006-12-05 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120206014832/http://www.frazadelic.com/Santhal.html Santal Dance]
* [http://www.daricha.org/tribes.aspx?ID=TR140630204053&amp;Name=Santals Santal culture on Daricha Foundation website (Kolkata)]
* [http://www.daricha.org/sub_genre.aspx?ID=92&amp;Tribes=Santals&amp;Name=Banam Banam The bowed music instrument played by the Santals]
* [http://projekt.ht.lu.se/rwaai RWAAI (Repository and Workspace for Austroasiatic Intangible Heritage)]
* [http://www.saontalvoice.org/about_saontal_community.html Santali language in Bangladesh]
* [http://hdl.handle.net/10050/00-0000-0000-0003-A6AF-2@view Santali language in RWAAI Digital Archive]
* {{cite web | title=Santal people | website=Wikipedia | date=2017-11-18 | url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santal_people | ref={{sfnref | Wikipedia | 2017}} | access-date=2019-03-20}}

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

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      <text bytes="4820" sha1="671bny6muxjdg5kl9bae4lfqcsqwvmb" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Georgia_Aquarium_-_Giant_Grouper_edit.jpg|thumb|Georgia Aquarium - Giant Grouper edit]]
'''ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ''' ᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱ [[ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ]]  ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱲ ᱵᱤᱡᱚᱲ ᱯᱷ:ᱠᱲᱟᱹᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱩᱯᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱭᱨᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱠᱟᱹᱛᱮ(ᱞᱟᱯᱚᱫ) ᱥᱟᱸᱦᱮᱫᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱩᱸᱭᱟᱹᱜ (ᱪᱷᱩᱭᱟᱺᱜ)ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱚ ᱪᱷᱩᱭᱟᱺᱜ) ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱩᱞᱩᱝ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱᱛᱮ ᱜᱟᱸᱜᱟ, ᱦᱮᱲᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱲᱤ, ᱜᱟᱰᱟ, ᱯᱩᱠᱷᱨᱤ, ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱭᱟᱹ , ᱡᱚᱞᱟ ᱮᱢᱟᱱᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱟᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱚᱸᱰᱮᱜᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱷᱤᱴᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱡᱤᱭᱹᱞᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱢᱮᱸᱛᱮ ᱜᱮᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾

==ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱱᱟᱦᱩᱱᱟᱹᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ==
ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱩᱱᱟᱹᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱭᱟ᱾

==ᱦᱟᱹᱠᱩᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ==

=== ᱪᱩᱸᱭᱟᱹᱜ ===

=== ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱠᱟᱹ ===

=== ᱯᱷᱟᱸᱠᱲᱟᱜ ===

==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==
* [http://db.angfa.org.au/ ANGFA] – Illustrated database of freshwater fishes of Australia and New Guinea
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111130234923/http://fischinfos.de/ Fischinfos.de – Illustrated database of the freshwater fishes of Germany (in German)] at the Wayback Machine (archived 2011-11-30)
* [http://www.fishbase.org/ FishBase online] – Comprehensive database with information on over 29,000 fish species
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150218211743/http://fishdata.siu.edu/ Fisheries and Illinois Aquaculture Center – Data outlet for fisheries and aquaculture research center in the central US] at Archive.is(archived 15 December 2012)
* [http://www.poppe-images.com/ Philippines Fishes] – Database with thousands of Philippine Fishes photographed in natural habitat
* [http://www.nativefish.org/ The Native Fish Conservancy] – Conservation and study of North American freshwater fishes
* [http://www.fao.org/fi/website/FIRetrieveAction.do?dom=topic&amp;fid=2888 United Nation] – Fisheries and Aquaculture Department: Fish and seafood utilization
* [http://content.lib.washington.edu/cgi-bin/queryresults.exe?CISOOP=adv&amp;CISORESTMP=%2Fsite-templates%2Fsearch_results-sub.html&amp;CISOVIEWTMP=%2Fsite-templates%2Fitem_viewer.html&amp;CISOMODE=thumb&amp;CISOGRID=thumbnail%2CA%2C1%3Btitle%2CA%2C1%3Bsubjec%2CA%2C0%3Bdescri%2C200%2C0%3B0%2CA%2C0%3B10&amp;CISOBIB=title%2CA%2C1%2CN%3Bsubjec%2CA%2C0%2CN%3Bdescri%2CK%2C0%2CN%3B0%2CA%2C0%2CN%3B0%2CA%2C0%2CN%3B10&amp;CISOTHUMB=3%2C5&amp;CISOTITLE=10&amp;CISOPARM=%2Ffishimages%3Asubjec%3Afish&amp;x=20&amp;y=1 University of Washington Libraries Digital Collections]{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;sup&gt;[''permanent dead link'']&lt;/sup&gt; – Digital collection of freshwater and marine fish images
*
* [https://archive.is/20141216154536/http://fish.schou.me/ Live webcam feed of a goldfish tank] at Archive.is (archived 16 December 2014)

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:!Main category]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱚᱞᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱚᱞ ᱫᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ (᱓᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ)]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱰᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱛᱚᱨᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱟᱴ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱜᱮᱯ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱞᱤᱝᱠ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱠ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ🏆 ᱓]]</text>
      <sha1>671bny6muxjdg5kl9bae4lfqcsqwvmb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>1399</id>
    <revision>
      <id>192948</id>
      <parentid>192013</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-19T16:06:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-34402-82</username>
        <id>11198</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ */</comment>
      <origin>192948</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="31635" sha1="jd4pwv3qixrd6ovlmz8avaqj0pxad4i" xml:space="preserve">'''ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ''' ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱯᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱵᱷᱚᱲᱚᱠᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱩ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱡᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱬᱟᱹ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱵᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱱ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱧ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱦᱮᱲᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
== ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ==
[[File:Iń ren pea go̠go̠.webm|thumb|ᱰᱩᱢᱱᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]]
ᱱᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱹᱱ ᱜᱚᱜᱚ ᱫᱚ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱱᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱹᱱ ᱜᱚᱜᱚ ᱫᱚ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱚᱜᱚ ᱫᱚ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱚᱜᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱧ&lt;br/&gt;

ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱦᱮᱣ ᱞᱤᱫᱤᱧ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱦᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱞᱤᱫᱤᱧ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱮ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱞᱤᱫᱤᱧ&lt;br/&gt;

== ᱵᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ==

{{Quote|text=ᱢᱟᱺᱭᱮᱸ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱚᱯᱷᱮᱞᱮᱱᱟ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱭ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;br/&gt;
ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱺᱬᱤ ᱥᱟᱜᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱭ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱫᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾


ᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱩᱴᱟᱹᱢ ᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱩᱴᱟᱹᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱠᱚ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱪᱮᱫ ᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱷᱩᱞ ᱠᱩᱴᱟᱹᱢᱟᱠᱚ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱩᱢ ᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱮᱡ ᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱫᱷᱩᱞ ᱯᱩᱨ ᱯᱷᱩᱞ ᱠᱩᱴᱟᱹᱢᱟᱠᱚ ᱾&lt;br/&gt;


ᱛᱚᱠᱟᱨᱮᱢ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱡᱚᱞᱢᱚ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱥᱟᱜᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱦᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱛᱤ ᱡᱟᱝᱜᱟ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ &lt;br/&gt;
ᱛᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱾&lt;br/&gt;
ᱟᱭᱳ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱟᱭᱳ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱰᱷᱤᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱤᱱᱟ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱾&lt;br/&gt;


ᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱩᱴᱟᱹᱢ ᱠᱩᱴᱟᱹᱢ &lt;br/&gt;
ᱰᱟᱸᱰᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩ ᱠᱤᱫᱤᱧ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟᱧ ᱢᱮ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ &lt;br/&gt;
ᱪᱮᱫ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱾&lt;br/&gt;
ᱧᱩᱻ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱠᱚᱻᱨᱚᱻ ᱵᱩᱻᱨᱤ ᱡᱚ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱛᱟᱯᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱱᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱯᱮᱸᱰᱮ ᱵᱩᱸᱰᱩ ᱾&lt;br/&gt;


ᱚᱛ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,  &lt;br/&gt;
ᱫᱷᱩᱵᱤ ᱜᱟᱥ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱫᱩᱠ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱾&lt;br/&gt;
ᱠᱟᱸᱥᱟ ᱯᱤᱛᱚᱞ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨ ᱵᱤᱦᱩᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱫᱩᱠ ᱦᱚᱸᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱾&lt;br/&gt;


ᱛᱚᱠᱟᱨᱮᱢ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱡᱚᱞᱢᱚ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱥᱟᱜᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱦᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱛᱤ ᱡᱟᱝᱜᱟ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱛᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱾&lt;br/&gt;
ᱟᱭᱳ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱟᱭᱳ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱰᱷᱤᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱤᱱᱟ ᱛᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱾}}

==ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱩ ᱪᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱚᱝ==

[*] ᱛᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱨᱱᱟ 
ᱛᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ 
ᱛᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱳ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱭ ᱢᱟᱱᱛᱟᱱ,
ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱯᱮᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ,
ᱫᱮᱥᱮ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱹᱭᱞᱟᱹ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ?
ᱮᱨᱮ ᱮᱨᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ?
ᱛᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱨᱱᱟ
ᱛᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ
ᱛᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱳ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱭ ᱢᱟᱱᱛᱟᱱ,
ᱟᱛᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱯᱮᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ,
ᱦᱚᱨ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱭᱞᱟᱹ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ 
ᱮᱨᱮ ᱮᱨᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱦᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱾

[*] ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱟ ᱦᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱᱯᱮᱲᱟ
ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱯᱮ ᱯᱷᱩᱻᱞᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱹᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ
ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱭᱵᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱮ ᱯᱷᱩᱻᱞᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

[*] ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱟ ᱦᱚ ᱯᱷᱩᱞ ᱯᱮᱲᱟ,
ᱦᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱯᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱟᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱯᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱯᱮ ᱧᱩᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱭᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱫ ᱯᱚᱫᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱫ,
ᱵᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱯᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱷᱤᱲᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱾

[*] ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ ᱨᱟᱯᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱰᱤ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ
ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱭ ᱥᱩᱞᱩᱠ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱮᱲᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱠ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱵᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱨᱩᱥᱤᱠᱟ,
ᱮᱲᱮ ᱮᱯᱲᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱯᱮᱲᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱠ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱾

[*] ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ

ᱛᱮᱛᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱚᱴᱚᱡ ᱢᱚᱴᱚᱡ ᱾

ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱩᱢᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ

ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱷᱩᱞ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱝ ᱧᱩᱭᱟᱸ ᱾

== ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ == 

[*]ᱨᱟᱪᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱵᱽᱨᱟ ᱜᱚᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱤᱡ 

ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱚᱭ ᱛᱚᱠᱟᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱞᱚᱯᱮ ᱦᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ 

ᱦᱚᱞᱟ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱟᱹᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱮ ᱵᱤᱫᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱮᱫᱮ ᱾

[*] ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱪᱮᱫ-ᱮᱢ ᱠᱤᱢᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱝ ᱟ ,

ᱜᱩᱰᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱛᱮᱜᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱸᱜᱟᱲ ᱢᱮᱸᱭᱟ ᱾

ᱵᱷᱤ~ᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱢᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱰᱮ ᱞᱟᱰᱮ ,

ᱨᱟᱪᱟᱭ ᱜᱩᱨᱤᱡ ᱟᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱸᱰᱮ ᱱᱷᱟᱸᱰᱮ ᱾

[*] ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱪᱮᱫᱮᱢ ᱠᱤᱢᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱝ ᱟ ,

ᱢᱳᱵᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱪᱟᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱛᱮᱜᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱸᱜᱟᱲ ᱢᱮᱭᱟᱸ ᱾

ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱮᱭᱟ ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱩᱛᱩ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ

ᱥᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱵ ᱥᱮᱯᱮᱧ ᱦᱟᱞᱳ ᱦᱟᱞᱳ ᱾

[*] ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱢᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱭᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱮ

ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱢᱮ ᱾

ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱚᱢ

ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱰᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟᱢ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱫᱟᱢᱠᱚᱢ ᱾

ᱦᱚᱲ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱵᱤᱭᱮᱥᱤ ᱮᱢᱮᱥᱤ

ᱰᱟᱸᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱶᱥᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤ ᱾


[*] ᱵᱤᱨ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ,
 
ᱠᱩᱞ ᱵᱟᱱᱟ ᱮᱨᱮᱲ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ,

ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱹᱧ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱚᱢ ᱡᱷᱚᱢ,

ᱵᱟᱥᱮᱢ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱷᱚᱢ ᱡᱷᱚᱢ,

ᱴᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱥᱮ ᱡᱷᱤᱡᱽ ᱢᱮ,

ᱡᱷᱚᱢᱚᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱧ ᱞᱚᱦᱚᱫᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱾

ᱫᱩᱥᱮ ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱢᱮ,

ᱯᱟᱞᱟᱠ ᱯᱟᱨᱠᱚᱢ ᱢᱟᱥᱮ ᱵᱤᱞ ᱢᱮ 

ᱯᱟᱞᱟᱠ ᱯᱟᱨᱠᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱰᱤ ᱨᱮ,

ᱦᱟᱸᱵᱩᱫ ᱤᱧ ᱢᱮ ᱢᱟᱥᱮ ᱜᱩᱸᱜᱩᱫ ᱤᱧ ᱢᱮ ᱾

[*] ᱛᱨᱤᱭᱟᱣ ᱚᱨᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱢᱟ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱪᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱪᱩᱢᱩᱞ , 

ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱴᱟᱵ ᱨᱮᱢᱟ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱨᱚᱜ ᱾ 

ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱠᱟᱸᱫᱷᱟ , 

ᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱤ ᱢᱟᱥᱮᱱᱟ , ᱟᱹᱡᱟᱣᱲᱤᱢᱮ ᱫᱮᱥᱤᱧ ᱟᱛᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱭ ᱾


[*] ᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱨᱱ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱡᱟᱲ 
ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱹᱭᱤᱢ ᱜᱩᱯᱤ,
ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱟᱢ ᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ 
ᱜᱟᱡᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢᱮᱢ ᱦᱮᱡᱽ ᱾
ᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ 
ᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ,
ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ
ᱛᱮᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱯᱟᱫ ᱤᱧ ᱢᱮ ᱾

[*]-ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱹᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱸᱭᱰᱤ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱟᱱᱟ,
ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱹᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱛᱠᱚᱢ ᱨᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱱᱟ,
ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱢᱟᱰᱮᱨᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

[*]-ᱵᱤᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱤᱞ ᱛᱟᱨᱚᱵ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ,
ᱛᱤᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱠᱮᱢ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟᱣ ᱛᱚᱵᱮᱢ ᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱾
ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱛᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱤᱡᱩᱨ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ,
ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱚᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱢ ᱞᱟᱲᱚᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱾

[*]ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱲᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱛᱤᱧ,
ᱠᱩᱠᱢᱩ ᱛᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,
ᱢᱟᱺᱭᱨᱮ, ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱰᱤᱞᱣᱟᱝ,
ᱨᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱾
ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱭ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱠᱮᱫ,
ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱭ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱫ,
ᱢᱟᱺᱭᱨᱮ, ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱰᱤᱞᱣᱟᱝ,
ᱞᱚᱠᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱠᱤᱫ ᱞᱤᱠᱤᱫ ᱾

[*] ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ,
ᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱟᱹᱢ ᱞᱟᱝ ᱨᱚᱯᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,
ᱩᱠᱩᱨᱤᱡ ᱛᱟᱢ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ,
ᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱟᱹᱢ ᱾
ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱤᱥᱨᱤᱧ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ,
ᱟᱯᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱴᱠᱟᱧ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱜᱚᱫᱟ,
ᱩᱠᱩᱨᱤᱡ ᱛᱟᱢ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱫᱟᱛᱮ,
ᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱟᱹᱢ ᱾

[*] ᱪᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ,
ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱹᱬ,
ᱪᱟᱯᱟᱞ ᱪᱟᱶᱨᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱜ-ᱮᱢ,
ᱨᱟᱪᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱜᱽ ᱾
ᱨᱟᱪᱟ ᱡᱚᱵᱽᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ,
ᱰᱷᱚᱰᱟᱨᱮᱢ ᱧᱩᱨ ᱠᱤᱫᱤᱧ,
ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱠᱮᱢ,
ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱤᱫᱤᱧ,
ᱢᱟᱥᱮ, ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱠᱮᱢ
ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱤᱫᱤᱧ ᱾
ᱜᱷᱮᱸᱴ ᱞᱩᱜᱽᱲᱤ ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱨᱟᱲᱟᱭ, 
ᱦᱚᱴᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱜᱽ, 
ᱛᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱢᱪᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱫᱟᱜ ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱡᱚᱫᱤᱧ ᱾

[*] ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟ ᱟᱹᱴᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱩ ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ,
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱟ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱫ ᱾
ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱪᱤᱯᱨᱩ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱭᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ,
ᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟ ᱭᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱾
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱢᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱩᱯᱩᱞᱩᱜ,
ᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱞᱩᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱞᱩᱜ ᱾

[*] ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱦᱟᱲᱟ
ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱮᱵᱚ ᱪᱚᱦᱚᱲᱟ,
ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱭ ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨᱟ
ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱤᱦᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱦᱟᱲᱟ
ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱮᱵᱚ ᱩᱡᱟᱹᱲᱟ
ᱦᱚᱭ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱟ
ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱵᱚ ᱩᱡᱟᱹᱲ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

[*] ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱹᱧ ᱫᱮᱡᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,
ᱨᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱪᱟᱣᱰᱟᱹᱞ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ,
ᱟᱢ ᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱰᱟᱢ ᱜᱩᱯᱤ ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱠᱲᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱤᱛᱚᱞ  ᱛᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱣ,
ᱢᱟᱫ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱟᱹᱞᱤ,
ᱢᱟᱥᱮ ᱱᱚᱨᱚᱝ ᱢᱮᱨᱤᱧ,
ᱱᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱾

[*]-ᱥᱟᱛᱮ ᱭᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱭᱚᱜᱽ,
ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱢᱚᱦᱰᱟ,
ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱩᱥᱩᱠ,
ᱮᱠᱷᱮᱱ ᱦᱤᱸᱥᱟᱹ ᱥᱩᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱟᱛᱮᱱ,
ᱥᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ,
ᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ,
ᱧᱩᱛᱟᱹᱛ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱢ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱾
ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ,
ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ,
ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ,
ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱦᱤᱭᱮᱱ ᱡᱮᱛᱮ ᱾

[*] ᱦᱚᱭ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱜᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱜᱮᱡ,
ᱫᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱞ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚᱞᱚᱵ ᱫᱚᱞᱚᱵ,
ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱴᱩᱣᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ,
ᱦᱚᱭ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱯᱩᱫ 
ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱭ ᱵᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱾

[*] ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ ᱵᱤᱨᱟᱹᱫᱟᱨᱮ,
ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱩᱢᱤᱨᱫᱟ ᱨᱮ, 
ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱩᱢ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱾
ᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ,
ᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ,
ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱾ 

[*] ᱪᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱹᱬ, ᱪᱟᱯᱟᱞ ᱪᱟᱶᱨᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱜ-ᱮᱢ ᱨᱟᱪᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱜᱽ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱪᱟ ᱡᱚᱵᱽᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱰᱷᱚᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱢ ᱧᱩᱨ ᱠᱤᱫᱤᱧ, ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱠᱮᱢ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱤᱫᱤᱧ ᱾ 
ᱜᱷᱮᱸᱴ ᱞᱩᱜᱽᱲᱤ ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱨᱟᱲᱟᱭ ᱦᱚᱴᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱜᱽ, ᱛᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱢᱪᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱡᱚᱫᱤᱧ ᱾

[*] ᱟᱥᱟᱲ ᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ, ᱵᱷᱟᱫᱚᱨ ᱢᱟ ᱡᱷᱤᱴᱤᱠ ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ, ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱰᱷᱮᱝᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱢ ᱩᱸᱜᱩᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱟᱭ ᱟᱜᱷᱟᱬ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱯᱩᱥ ᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ 
ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱠᱲᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱢ ᱜᱩᱸᱜᱩᱫᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱾ 

[*] ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱤᱧ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱢᱤᱨᱩ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱤᱧ ᱱᱟᱺᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ, ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱢᱮᱨ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱢᱤᱨᱩ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱯᱟᱫ ᱾
ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩᱜ ᱢᱤᱨᱩ ᱰᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱛᱮ, ᱫᱷᱩᱵᱤ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱢᱤᱨᱩ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱾ 

[*] ᱠᱩᱞᱦᱤ ᱫᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱝ
ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,
ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱩᱱᱩᱨ ᱜᱩᱱᱩᱨ ᱾
ᱛᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱛᱮᱪᱚ ᱛᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱛᱮᱪᱚ,
ᱵᱤᱸᱫᱤ ᱜᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱹᱢᱮᱢ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱟᱢ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱭᱚᱜ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ, ᱦᱮᱸᱥᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱧ ᱯᱟᱞᱚᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱻᱵᱷᱟ ᱜᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱥᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱞᱚᱝ ᱛᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ,
ᱧᱩᱨᱩᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱧ ᱦᱟᱞᱮ ᱰᱟᱞᱮᱜ ᱾

[*] ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱮᱢ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱱᱟ, ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱢ ᱦᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱤᱰᱤ ᱪᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱾ 
ᱨᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱢᱚᱨ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱢᱟ, ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱩᱧᱪᱩᱲᱟᱢᱟ ᱾

[*] ᱟᱢ ᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱦᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱪᱮᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱥᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱭᱻ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱠᱩᱞᱦᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨᱮᱫ ᱵᱤᱱ ᱾ 
ᱟᱢ ᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱦᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ, ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱥᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ, ᱦᱚᱭᱻ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱟᱥᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱥᱤᱫᱩᱨᱟᱫ ᱢᱮ ᱾ 

[*] ᱟᱵᱚ ᱟᱹᱫᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ, ᱞᱟᱥᱟᱬ ᱦᱮᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱵᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ [[ᱥᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ]] ᱛᱷᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ, ᱞᱟᱥᱟᱬ ᱦᱮᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱵᱚ ᱥᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱾

[*] ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱤᱧ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱯᱮᱲᱟ ᱧᱮᱯᱮᱞ ᱨᱚᱯᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱧ, ᱵᱟᱥᱮ ᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱹᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱞᱛᱮ, ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱡᱚᱝᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱧ  ᱵᱟᱥᱮ ᱢᱟᱺᱭ, ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱹᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱟ ᱾
 
[*] ᱥᱤᱧ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱨ, ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱨᱚᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱲᱟ ᱨᱚᱢᱡᱷᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ ᱾
ᱫᱟᱜ ᱪᱚᱝ ᱛᱮᱛᱟᱝ ᱮᱫᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱪᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ, ᱥᱤᱧ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱨᱚᱠᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱲᱟ, ᱨᱚᱢᱡᱷᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ ᱾

[*] ᱪᱟᱹᱛ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱩᱴᱷᱤ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ, ᱩᱞᱮ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱰᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱩᱧ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱾
ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱨᱮᱢᱟ ᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ, ᱫᱟᱜ ᱞᱩᱧ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱤ ᱫᱟᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚᱭᱚᱜᱽ ᱾
ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱩᱢ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱱᱤᱧ ᱫᱩᱧ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟᱜ ᱾ 

[*] ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱢᱟ ᱵᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱰᱷᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱟᱱᱟ, ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱾ 
ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱞᱟᱝ ᱰᱷᱚᱝᱜᱟᱭᱟ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱛᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟᱭ, 
ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱲᱟᱜ ᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱾

[*] ᱨᱟᱲᱚ ᱠᱩᱭᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱤᱴᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱚᱞ ᱯᱚᱞᱚ, ᱵᱩᱰᱤᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱢᱮ ᱾ 
ᱵᱟᱹᱧ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱧ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ, 
ᱫᱟᱫᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱢᱟ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱾
ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱫᱚᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱰᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱺᱫᱤ, 
ᱵᱩᱰᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱫᱩᱧ ᱟᱞᱟᱭ ᱟᱢᱟ ᱴᱟᱠᱟ ᱵᱟᱠᱚᱥ ᱾

[*] ᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱜᱟᱡᱟᱲ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹᱞᱯᱟᱲ ᱛᱟᱯᱚᱞ ᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱫᱷᱟᱥᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱢᱤᱱᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱩᱠ ᱨᱮᱪᱚ ᱟᱢᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱢ ᱾
[[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱢᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱞ ᱨᱚᱠᱮᱴ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱪᱚᱱᱴᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱹᱤᱧ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱵᱤᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱜᱟᱡᱟᱲ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱛᱟᱹᱜᱤᱭᱤᱧ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱟᱯᱮ ᱟᱢᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱾ 

[*] ᱠᱚᱭ ᱠᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱦᱮᱞ ᱪᱷᱮᱛᱟᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱮᱛᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ, ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱛᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱦᱚᱭ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ, ᱟᱢᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱫᱟ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱮᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ?
ᱠᱚᱭ ᱠᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱦᱟᱴᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱮᱛᱟᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱮᱛᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ, ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱪᱚ ᱪᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱨᱥᱮ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ, ᱟᱢᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱫᱚ ᱵᱩᱰᱤ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱮᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ?

[*] ᱫᱤᱱ ᱜᱮᱧ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱢᱟ ᱴᱮᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱨᱩ,
ᱛᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱩ,
ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱜᱤ...
ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱟᱢ 
ᱟᱸᱫᱟ ᱜᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱫᱤᱱ ᱜᱮᱧ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱢᱟ ᱴᱮᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱨᱩ,
ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱨᱩ,
ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱜᱤ...
ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱱᱮᱢ ᱟᱸᱫᱟ ᱜᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

[*] &quot;ᱨᱟᱭᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ&quot;
ᱨᱟᱭᱵᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱩᱪᱩ ᱫᱚ,
ᱨᱟᱭᱵᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱩᱪᱩ,
ᱛᱚᱞ ᱟᱛᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱦᱤ,
ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱟᱛᱟᱭ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱱᱴᱤ ᱾

[*] &quot; ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱴᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱩᱵ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ &quot;
ᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ,
ᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱚᱞᱮ ᱟᱬᱜᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ,
ᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱚᱞᱮ ᱫᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ,
ᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱟᱞᱮ ᱯᱮ ᱾

[*] ᱞᱩᱜᱩ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ,
ᱵᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱰᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱥᱤᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱜᱩᱰᱩ ᱜᱩᱛᱤᱛᱟᱭ ᱯᱩᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱲᱢᱤ ᱛᱟᱭ,
ᱪᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱠᱟᱭ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱪᱮᱦᱮᱞ ᱪᱮᱯᱮᱞ ᱾

[*] ᱱᱟᱺᱭ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱮ 
ᱟᱯᱟᱝᱜᱤᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮᱠᱤᱱ,
ᱛᱟᱯᱟᱝ ᱜᱤᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱾
ᱟᱞᱚᱯᱮ ᱛᱚᱞ ᱠᱤᱱᱟ,
ᱟᱞᱚᱯᱮ ᱫᱟᱞ ᱠᱤᱱᱟ,
ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱱ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱟᱯᱟᱥᱩᱞᱚᱜ ᱾

[*] &quot; ᱡᱚᱲ ᱚᱡᱚᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ &quot;
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱻᱜᱟᱸᱰᱚ ᱱᱮᱻᱢᱟᱪᱤ,
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱻᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱢᱮ ᱾
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱻᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱱᱮᱻᱥᱟᱥᱟᱝ,
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱻᱚᱡᱚᱜᱽᱢᱮ ᱾
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱮ~ᱱᱟᱹᱠᱤᱡ ᱱᱮ~ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ.
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱮ~ᱧᱮᱚᱜ ᱮ ᱾

(*) ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱱᱟ,
ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱢ ᱦᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ 
ᱜᱤᱰᱤ ᱪᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱾
ᱨᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱢᱚᱨ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱫᱤᱱᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱢᱟ,
ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱩᱧᱪᱩᱲᱟᱢᱟ ᱾

(*) ᱮ ᱯᱷᱩᱞ ᱢᱚᱥᱚᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ
ᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱧ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱭᱚᱜᱽ ᱢᱮᱥᱮ,
ᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ,
ᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ,
ᱠᱩᱭᱞᱟᱹ ᱫᱷᱩᱶᱟ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱷᱩᱸᱫᱮᱱ ᱾

(*) ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱰᱟᱧ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ,
ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱡᱟᱰᱟ ᱢᱟᱥᱮ ᱪᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱭᱮᱱ ᱾
ᱡᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱰᱟᱧ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱫᱮ,
ᱵᱷᱮᱰᱟ ᱫᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱦᱚᱛᱟᱭ ᱵᱩᱪᱟᱹᱭᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱾
ᱵᱷᱮᱰᱟ ᱟᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱰᱟᱧ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱫᱮ,
ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱦᱟᱭᱨᱮᱭ ᱪᱷᱚᱴᱟᱭᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱾
ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱨᱟᱧ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱫᱮ
ᱩᱱᱤ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱦᱚᱸᱨᱮᱭ ᱵᱤᱱᱚᱨᱵᱚᱭᱮᱱ ᱾

(*) ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱺᱰᱤ
ᱪᱚᱰᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡ ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱟᱹ
ᱧᱩᱧᱩ ᱥᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱞᱚᱻᱲᱚᱫ ᱞᱚᱻᱲᱚᱫ ᱾
ᱦᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱛᱤᱧ ᱵᱩᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ
ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱟᱹ ᱛᱤᱧ ᱛᱚᱣᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ,
ᱦᱚᱭ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱞᱮᱸᱻᱜᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱸᱻᱜᱮᱫ ᱾

[*] ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱦᱟᱲᱟ,
ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱚᱦᱚᱲᱟ,
ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱭ ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨᱟ,
ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱤᱦᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱟᱦᱟᱲᱟ,
ᱨᱚᱲ ᱞᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱚᱦᱚᱲᱟ,
ᱥᱩᱞᱩᱠ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱭ ᱛᱚᱯᱚᱞᱟ,
ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱚᱯᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

[*] ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ,
ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ,
ᱠᱟᱸᱥᱟ ᱛᱤᱛᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱨᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱾
ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ,
ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ,
ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱨᱟᱜᱟᱫ ᱨᱟᱜᱟᱫ ᱾

=ᱪᱤᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱫᱚᱝ=

[᱿] ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱞᱮ ᱰᱟᱞᱮ 
ᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱟᱞᱮ ᱰᱟᱞᱮ,
ᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ 
ᱪᱟᱜ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩᱨ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱧᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱲᱟᱝ 
ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ,
ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱹᱧ ᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ 
ᱛᱤᱨᱮᱢ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱾

[᱿] ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱦᱟᱲᱟ 
ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱚᱦᱚᱲᱟ,
ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱭ ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨ ᱟ,
ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱤᱦᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱟᱦᱟᱲᱟ 
ᱨᱚᱲᱞᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱚᱦᱚᱲᱟ,
ᱵᱩᱜᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ 
ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨ ᱵᱤᱦᱩᱨᱚᱜ ᱾


==ᱜᱚᱱ ᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱯᱮᱢ==
[*] ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ,
ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠᱤᱧ ᱜᱚᱜ ᱟᱱᱟ,
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱩᱥᱤᱠᱟ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱾
ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱛᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱟᱜ,
ᱞᱩᱦᱩᱠ ᱞᱮᱣᱮᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚᱨ,
ᱧᱩᱻᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ...
ᱛᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱤᱧ ᱜᱚᱜ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟᱭ ᱾

[*] ᱛᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱢᱤᱞ ᱛᱮ,
ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱨᱚᱭᱮᱱᱟ,
ᱥᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱤᱨᱤ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱹᱝᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱛᱟᱝ ᱢᱮ,
ᱥᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱨᱤ ᱱᱟᱞᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱢᱮ ᱾

[*] ᱦᱚᱭ ᱢᱟ ᱜᱩᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱨᱞᱤ,
ᱥᱟᱹᱲᱤᱢ ᱫᱚᱞᱚᱵ ᱫᱚᱞᱚᱵ,
ᱥᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱲᱤᱢ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱭᱚᱜᱟᱜ-ᱢᱮ ᱾
ᱠᱩᱰᱟᱹᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱥᱮ ᱢᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱲᱮ,
ᱫᱟᱯᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱜ ᱢᱮ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱡᱷᱟᱴᱟᱥᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ,
ᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱟᱜ ᱢᱮ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱾

[*] ᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱵᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱯᱮᱴᱷᱟᱬ,
ᱨᱟᱪᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱚᱞᱮ ᱢᱮ ...
ᱥᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱲᱤᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱲ ᱾
ᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱟᱺᱰᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱨᱤᱡ,
ᱦᱩᱯᱩ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱚᱞᱮ ᱯᱮ,
ᱦᱩᱯᱩ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱫᱚᱞᱚᱵ ᱫᱚᱞᱚᱵ ᱾

== ᱵᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱱ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ==

[*] ᱚᱛ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,
ᱫᱷᱩᱵᱤ ᱜᱟᱥ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,
ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,
ᱫᱩᱠ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱾
ᱠᱟᱸᱥᱟ ᱯᱤᱛᱚᱞ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,
ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨ ᱵᱤᱦᱩᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,
ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,
ᱫᱩᱠᱷ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱾

[*] ᱛᱩᱯᱩ ᱱᱟᱺᱭ ᱛᱮᱞ ᱠᱩᱯᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱨᱮ,
ᱥᱟᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱭᱳ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱾
ᱯᱤᱲᱤ ᱯᱤᱴᱟᱹᱨᱤᱨᱮ ᱫᱩᱞ ᱵᱟᱹᱡᱩ ᱞᱩᱢᱟᱹᱝ ᱞᱩᱜᱽᱲᱤ,
ᱛᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱛᱮᱭᱳᱧ ᱨᱚᱫᱚᱜ ᱱᱟᱺᱠᱤᱡᱚᱜ,
ᱭᱳᱧ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜ ᱵᱟᱸᱫᱮᱜ ᱾

[*] ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱧ ᱚᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮ, ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱧ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮ,
ᱟᱛᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱜᱤᱧ ᱟᱛᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱢ ᱟᱹᱨᱩᱵ ᱭᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ, ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱢ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱭᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ, 
ᱱᱟᱺᱭ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱦᱮᱞᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱾

[*] ᱛᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱨᱱᱟ 
ᱛᱟᱻᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱻᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱻᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ,
ᱛᱟᱻᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱻᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱻᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱦᱚ ᱾
ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚ,
ᱱᱟᱹᱯᱤᱛ ᱵᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ,
ᱮᱻᱵᱟᱻᱵᱟ ᱢᱟᱸᱯᱟᱧᱡᱤ ᱠᱚ 
ᱪᱮᱫ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱠᱚᱻᱠᱚᱭ ᱠᱟᱻᱱᱟ
ᱪᱮᱫ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱟᱻᱨᱟᱻᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱛᱤᱠᱤ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ,
ᱢᱤᱻᱫ ᱠᱟᱻᱴᱷᱟ ᱢᱤᱻᱫ ᱠᱚᱻᱧᱪᱟ,
ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱣᱰᱤ,
ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱩᱯᱟ ᱠᱟᱸᱥᱟ ᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱜ,
ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱢᱮᱨᱚᱢ ᱢᱚᱪᱚᱝ
ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱚᱪᱚᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱜ,
ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱫ ᱦᱟᱺᱰᱤ,
ᱧᱩᱻ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱞᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱜᱴᱤ ᱢᱟ ᱾

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
ᱥᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱾
== ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==
ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱞᱮᱫᱚᱝ,ᱪᱷᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱝ,ᱫᱟᱺᱭᱦᱟᱺ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱝ,ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱝ,ᱱᱟᱹᱭᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱝ,ᱵᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱱ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾</text>
      <sha1>jd4pwv3qixrd6ovlmz8avaqj0pxad4i</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>192949</id>
      <parentid>192948</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-19T16:23:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-34402-82</username>
        <id>11198</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ */</comment>
      <origin>192949</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="32041" sha1="8nmszchkqans0g2lcc5dfzzkmb879nn" xml:space="preserve">'''ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ''' ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱯᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱵᱷᱚᱲᱚᱠᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱩ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱡᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱬᱟᱹ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱵᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱱ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱧ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱦᱮᱲᱦᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
== ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ==
[[File:Iń ren pea go̠go̠.webm|thumb|ᱰᱩᱢᱱᱤ ᱢᱩᱨᱢᱩ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]]
ᱱᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱹᱱ ᱜᱚᱜᱚ ᱫᱚ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱱᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱹᱱ ᱜᱚᱜᱚ ᱫᱚ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱚᱜᱚ ᱫᱚ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱚᱜᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱧ&lt;br/&gt;

ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱦᱮᱣ ᱞᱤᱫᱤᱧ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱦᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱞᱤᱫᱤᱧ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱮ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱞᱤᱫᱤᱧ&lt;br/&gt;

== ᱵᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ==

{{Quote|text=ᱢᱟᱺᱭᱮᱸ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱚᱯᱷᱮᱞᱮᱱᱟ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱭ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;br/&gt;
ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱺᱬᱤ ᱥᱟᱜᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱭ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱫᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾


ᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱩᱴᱟᱹᱢ ᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱩᱴᱟᱹᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱠᱚ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱪᱮᱫ ᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱷᱩᱞ ᱠᱩᱴᱟᱹᱢᱟᱠᱚ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱩᱢ ᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱮᱡ ᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱫᱷᱩᱞ ᱯᱩᱨ ᱯᱷᱩᱞ ᱠᱩᱴᱟᱹᱢᱟᱠᱚ ᱾&lt;br/&gt;


ᱛᱚᱠᱟᱨᱮᱢ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱡᱚᱞᱢᱚ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱥᱟᱜᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱦᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱛᱤ ᱡᱟᱝᱜᱟ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ &lt;br/&gt;
ᱛᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱾&lt;br/&gt;
ᱟᱭᱳ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱟᱭᱳ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱰᱷᱤᱞᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱤᱱᱟ ᱛᱳᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱾&lt;br/&gt;


ᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱩᱴᱟᱹᱢ ᱠᱩᱴᱟᱹᱢ &lt;br/&gt;
ᱰᱟᱸᱰᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩ ᱠᱤᱫᱤᱧ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟᱧ ᱢᱮ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ &lt;br/&gt;
ᱪᱮᱫ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱾&lt;br/&gt;
ᱧᱩᱻ ᱨᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱠᱚᱻᱨᱚᱻ ᱵᱩᱻᱨᱤ ᱡᱚ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱛᱟᱯᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱱᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱰᱟᱹᱨ&lt;br/&gt;
ᱯᱮᱸᱰᱮ ᱵᱩᱸᱰᱩ ᱾&lt;br/&gt;


ᱚᱛ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,  &lt;br/&gt;
ᱫᱷᱩᱵᱤ ᱜᱟᱥ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱫᱩᱠ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱾&lt;br/&gt;
ᱠᱟᱸᱥᱟ ᱯᱤᱛᱚᱞ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨ ᱵᱤᱦᱩᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱫᱩᱠ ᱦᱚᱸᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱾&lt;br/&gt;


ᱛᱚᱠᱟᱨᱮᱢ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱡᱚᱞᱢᱚ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱥᱟᱜᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱯᱚᱦᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱛᱤ ᱡᱟᱝᱜᱟ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱛᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱾&lt;br/&gt;
ᱟᱭᱳ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱟᱭᱳ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ,&lt;br/&gt;
ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱰᱷᱤᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱤᱱᱟ ᱛᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱾}}

==ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱩ ᱪᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱚᱝ==

[*] ᱛᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱨᱱᱟ 
ᱛᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ 
ᱛᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱳ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱭ ᱢᱟᱱᱛᱟᱱ,
ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱯᱮᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ,
ᱫᱮᱥᱮ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱹᱭᱞᱟᱹ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ?
ᱮᱨᱮ ᱮᱨᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ?
ᱛᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱨᱱᱟ
ᱛᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ
ᱛᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱳ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱭ ᱢᱟᱱᱛᱟᱱ,
ᱟᱛᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱯᱮᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ,
ᱦᱚᱨ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱭᱞᱟᱹ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ 
ᱮᱨᱮ ᱮᱨᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱦᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱾

[*] ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱟ ᱦᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱᱯᱮᱲᱟ
ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱯᱮ ᱯᱷᱩᱻᱞᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱹᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ
ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱭᱵᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱮ ᱯᱷᱩᱻᱞᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

[*] ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱟ ᱦᱚ ᱯᱷᱩᱞ ᱯᱮᱲᱟ,
ᱦᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱯᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱟᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱯᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱯᱮ ᱧᱩᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱭᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱫ ᱯᱚᱫᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱫ,
ᱵᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱯᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱷᱤᱲᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱾

[*] ᱠᱤᱥᱠᱩ ᱨᱟᱯᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱟᱹᱨᱰᱤ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ
ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱭ ᱥᱩᱞᱩᱠ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱮᱲᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱠ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ ᱵᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱴᱩᱰᱩ ᱨᱩᱥᱤᱠᱟ,
ᱮᱲᱮ ᱮᱯᱲᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱯᱮᱲᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱠ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱾

[*] ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ

ᱛᱮᱛᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱚᱴᱚᱡ ᱢᱚᱴᱚᱡ ᱾

ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱩᱢᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ

ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱷᱩᱞ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱝ ᱧᱩᱭᱟᱸ ᱾

== ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ == 

[*]ᱨᱟᱪᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱵᱽᱨᱟ ᱜᱚᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱤᱡ 

ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱚᱭ ᱛᱚᱠᱟᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱞᱚᱯᱮ ᱦᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ 

ᱦᱚᱞᱟ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱟᱹᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱮ ᱵᱤᱫᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱮᱫᱮ ᱾

[*] ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱪᱮᱫ-ᱮᱢ ᱠᱤᱢᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱝ ᱟ ,

ᱜᱩᱰᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱛᱮᱜᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱸᱜᱟᱲ ᱢᱮᱸᱭᱟ ᱾

ᱵᱷᱤ~ᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱢᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱰᱮ ᱞᱟᱰᱮ ,

ᱨᱟᱪᱟᱭ ᱜᱩᱨᱤᱡ ᱟᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱸᱰᱮ ᱱᱷᱟᱸᱰᱮ ᱾

[*] ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱪᱮᱫᱮᱢ ᱠᱤᱢᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱝ ᱟ ,

ᱢᱳᱵᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱪᱟᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱛᱮᱜᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱸᱜᱟᱲ ᱢᱮᱭᱟᱸ ᱾

ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱮᱭᱟ ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱩᱛᱩ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ

ᱥᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱵ ᱥᱮᱯᱮᱧ ᱦᱟᱞᱳ ᱦᱟᱞᱳ ᱾

[*] ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱢᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱭᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱮ

ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱢᱮ ᱾

ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱚᱢ

ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱰᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟᱢ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱫᱟᱢᱠᱚᱢ ᱾

ᱦᱚᱲ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱵᱤᱭᱮᱥᱤ ᱮᱢᱮᱥᱤ

ᱰᱟᱸᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱶᱥᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤ ᱾


[*] ᱵᱤᱨ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ,
 
ᱠᱩᱞ ᱵᱟᱱᱟ ᱮᱨᱮᱲ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ,

ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱹᱧ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱚᱢ ᱡᱷᱚᱢ,

ᱵᱟᱥᱮᱢ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱷᱚᱢ ᱡᱷᱚᱢ,

ᱴᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱥᱮ ᱡᱷᱤᱡᱽ ᱢᱮ,

ᱡᱷᱚᱢᱚᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱧ ᱞᱚᱦᱚᱫᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱾

ᱫᱩᱥᱮ ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱢᱮ,

ᱯᱟᱞᱟᱠ ᱯᱟᱨᱠᱚᱢ ᱢᱟᱥᱮ ᱵᱤᱞ ᱢᱮ 

ᱯᱟᱞᱟᱠ ᱯᱟᱨᱠᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱰᱤ ᱨᱮ,

ᱦᱟᱸᱵᱩᱫ ᱤᱧ ᱢᱮ ᱢᱟᱥᱮ ᱜᱩᱸᱜᱩᱫ ᱤᱧ ᱢᱮ ᱾

[*] ᱛᱨᱤᱭᱟᱣ ᱚᱨᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱢᱟ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱪᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱪᱩᱢᱩᱞ , 

ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱴᱟᱵ ᱨᱮᱢᱟ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱨᱚᱜ ᱾ 

ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱠᱟᱸᱫᱷᱟ , 

ᱮ ᱦᱤᱞᱤ ᱢᱟᱥᱮᱱᱟ , ᱟᱹᱡᱟᱣᱲᱤᱢᱮ ᱫᱮᱥᱤᱧ ᱟᱛᱮᱱ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱭ ᱾


[*] ᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱨᱱ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱡᱟᱲ 
ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱹᱭᱤᱢ ᱜᱩᱯᱤ,
ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱟᱢ ᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ 
ᱜᱟᱡᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢᱮᱢ ᱦᱮᱡᱽ ᱾
ᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ 
ᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ,
ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ
ᱛᱮᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱯᱟᱫ ᱤᱧ ᱢᱮ ᱾

[*]-ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱹᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱸᱭᱰᱤ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱟᱱᱟ,
ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱹᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱛᱠᱚᱢ ᱨᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱱᱟ,
ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱢᱟᱰᱮᱨᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

[*]-ᱵᱤᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱤᱞ ᱛᱟᱨᱚᱵ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ,
ᱛᱤᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱠᱮᱢ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟᱣ ᱛᱚᱵᱮᱢ ᱡᱚᱢᱟ ᱾
ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱛᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱤᱡᱩᱨ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ,
ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱚᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱢ ᱞᱟᱲᱚᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱾

[*]ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱲᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱛᱤᱧ,
ᱠᱩᱠᱢᱩ ᱛᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,
ᱢᱟᱺᱭᱨᱮ, ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱰᱤᱞᱣᱟᱝ,
ᱨᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱾
ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱭ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱠᱮᱫ,
ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚᱭ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱫ,
ᱢᱟᱺᱭᱨᱮ, ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱰᱤᱞᱣᱟᱝ,
ᱞᱚᱠᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱠᱤᱫ ᱞᱤᱠᱤᱫ ᱾

[*] ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ,
ᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱟᱹᱢ ᱞᱟᱝ ᱨᱚᱯᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,
ᱩᱠᱩᱨᱤᱡ ᱛᱟᱢ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ,
ᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱟᱹᱢ ᱾
ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱤᱥᱨᱤᱧ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ,
ᱟᱯᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱴᱠᱟᱧ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱜᱚᱫᱟ,
ᱩᱠᱩᱨᱤᱡ ᱛᱟᱢ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱫᱟᱛᱮ,
ᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱟᱹᱢ ᱾

[*] ᱪᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ,
ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱹᱬ,
ᱪᱟᱯᱟᱞ ᱪᱟᱶᱨᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱜ-ᱮᱢ,
ᱨᱟᱪᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱜᱽ ᱾
ᱨᱟᱪᱟ ᱡᱚᱵᱽᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ,
ᱰᱷᱚᱰᱟᱨᱮᱢ ᱧᱩᱨ ᱠᱤᱫᱤᱧ,
ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱠᱮᱢ,
ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱤᱫᱤᱧ,
ᱢᱟᱥᱮ, ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱠᱮᱢ
ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱤᱫᱤᱧ ᱾
ᱜᱷᱮᱸᱴ ᱞᱩᱜᱽᱲᱤ ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱨᱟᱲᱟᱭ, 
ᱦᱚᱴᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱜᱽ, 
ᱛᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱢᱪᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱫᱟᱜ ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱡᱚᱫᱤᱧ ᱾

[*] ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟ ᱟᱹᱴᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱩ ᱚᱞ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ,
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱟ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱫ ᱾
ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱪᱤᱯᱨᱩ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱭᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ,
ᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟ ᱭᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱾
ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱢᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱩᱯᱩᱞᱩᱜ,
ᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱞᱩᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱞᱩᱜ ᱾

[*] ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱦᱟᱲᱟ
ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱮᱵᱚ ᱪᱚᱦᱚᱲᱟ,
ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱭ ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨᱟ
ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱤᱦᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱦᱟᱲᱟ
ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱮᱵᱚ ᱩᱡᱟᱹᱲᱟ
ᱦᱚᱭ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱟ
ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱵᱚ ᱩᱡᱟᱹᱲ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

[*] ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱹᱧ ᱫᱮᱡᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,
ᱨᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱪᱟᱣᱰᱟᱹᱞ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ,
ᱟᱢ ᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱰᱟᱢ ᱜᱩᱯᱤ ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱠᱲᱟ ᱾
ᱯᱤᱛᱚᱞ  ᱛᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱣ,
ᱢᱟᱫ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱢᱩᱨᱟᱹᱞᱤ,
ᱢᱟᱥᱮ ᱱᱚᱨᱚᱝ ᱢᱮᱨᱤᱧ,
ᱱᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱾

[*]-ᱥᱟᱛᱮ ᱭᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱭᱚᱜᱽ,
ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱢᱚᱦᱰᱟ,
ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱩᱥᱩᱠ,
ᱮᱠᱷᱮᱱ ᱦᱤᱸᱥᱟᱹ ᱥᱩᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱟᱛᱮᱱ,
ᱥᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ,
ᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ,
ᱧᱩᱛᱟᱹᱛ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱢ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱾
ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ,
ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ,
ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ,
ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱦᱤᱭᱮᱱ ᱡᱮᱛᱮ ᱾

[*] ᱦᱚᱭ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱜᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱜᱮᱡ,
ᱫᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱞ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚᱞᱚᱵ ᱫᱚᱞᱚᱵ,
ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱴᱩᱣᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ,
ᱦᱚᱭ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱯᱩᱫ 
ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱭ ᱵᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱾

[*] ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ ᱵᱤᱨᱟᱹᱫᱟᱨᱮ,
ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱩᱢᱤᱨᱫᱟ ᱨᱮ, 
ᱦᱟᱨᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱩᱢ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱾
ᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ,
ᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ,
ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱾ 

[*] ᱪᱟᱹᱭ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱟ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱹᱬ, ᱪᱟᱯᱟᱞ ᱪᱟᱶᱨᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱜ-ᱮᱢ ᱨᱟᱪᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱜᱽ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱪᱟ ᱡᱚᱵᱽᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱰᱷᱚᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱢ ᱧᱩᱨ ᱠᱤᱫᱤᱧ, ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱠᱮᱢ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱤᱫᱤᱧ ᱾ 
ᱜᱷᱮᱸᱴ ᱞᱩᱜᱽᱲᱤ ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱨᱟᱲᱟᱭ ᱦᱚᱴᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱜᱽ, ᱛᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱢᱪᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱫ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱡᱚᱫᱤᱧ ᱾

[*] ᱟᱥᱟᱲ ᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ, ᱵᱷᱟᱫᱚᱨ ᱢᱟ ᱡᱷᱤᱴᱤᱠ ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ, ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱰᱷᱮᱝᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱢ ᱩᱸᱜᱩᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱟᱭ ᱟᱜᱷᱟᱬ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱯᱩᱥ ᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱜᱽ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ 
ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱠᱲᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱢ ᱜᱩᱸᱜᱩᱫᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱾ 

[*] ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱤᱧ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱢᱤᱨᱩ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱤᱧ ᱱᱟᱺᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ, ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱢᱮᱨ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱢᱤᱨᱩ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱯᱟᱫ ᱾
ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩᱜ ᱢᱤᱨᱩ ᱰᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱛᱮ, ᱫᱷᱩᱵᱤ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱢᱤᱨᱩ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱾ 

[*] ᱠᱩᱞᱦᱤ ᱫᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱝ
ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,
ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱩᱱᱩᱨ ᱜᱩᱱᱩᱨ ᱾
ᱛᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱛᱮᱪᱚ ᱛᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱛᱮᱪᱚ,
ᱵᱤᱸᱫᱤ ᱜᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱛᱟᱹᱢᱮᱢ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱟᱢ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱭᱚᱜ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ, ᱦᱮᱸᱥᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱧ ᱯᱟᱞᱚᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱦᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱻᱵᱷᱟ ᱜᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱥᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱞᱚᱝ ᱛᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ,
ᱧᱩᱨᱩᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱧ ᱦᱟᱞᱮ ᱰᱟᱞᱮᱜ ᱾

[*] ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱮᱢ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱱᱟ, ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱢ ᱦᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱤᱰᱤ ᱪᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱾ 
ᱨᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱢᱚᱨ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱢᱟ, ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱩᱧᱪᱩᱲᱟᱢᱟ ᱾

[*] ᱟᱢ ᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱦᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱪᱮᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱥᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱭᱻ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱠᱩᱞᱦᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨᱮᱫ ᱵᱤᱱ ᱾ 
ᱟᱢ ᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱦᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ, ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱥᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ, ᱦᱚᱭᱻ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱟᱥᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱥᱤᱫᱩᱨᱟᱫ ᱢᱮ ᱾ 

[*] ᱟᱵᱚ ᱟᱹᱫᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱣᱟᱲ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ, ᱞᱟᱥᱟᱬ ᱦᱮᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱵᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱮᱨ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ [[ᱥᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ]] ᱛᱷᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ, ᱞᱟᱥᱟᱬ ᱦᱮᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱵᱚ ᱥᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱾

[*] ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱤᱧ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱯᱮᱲᱟ ᱧᱮᱯᱮᱞ ᱨᱚᱯᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱧ, ᱵᱟᱥᱮ ᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱹᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱞᱛᱮ, ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱡᱚᱝᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱧ  ᱵᱟᱥᱮ ᱢᱟᱺᱭ, ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱹᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱟ ᱾
 
[*] ᱥᱤᱧ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱨ, ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱨᱚᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱲᱟ ᱨᱚᱢᱡᱷᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ ᱾
ᱫᱟᱜ ᱪᱚᱝ ᱛᱮᱛᱟᱝ ᱮᱫᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱪᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ, ᱥᱤᱧ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱨᱚᱠᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱲᱟ, ᱨᱚᱢᱡᱷᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱧᱤᱫᱟᱹ ᱾

[*] ᱪᱟᱹᱛ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱩᱴᱷᱤ ᱥᱤᱛᱩᱝ ᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ, ᱩᱞᱮ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱜᱚᱨ ᱰᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱩᱧ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱾
ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱨᱮᱢᱟ ᱠᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ, ᱫᱟᱜ ᱞᱩᱧ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱤ ᱫᱟᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚᱭᱚᱜᱽ ᱾
ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱩᱢ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱱᱤᱧ ᱫᱩᱧ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟᱜ ᱾ 

[*] ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱢᱟ ᱵᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱰᱷᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱟᱱᱟ, ᱪᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱾ 
ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱞᱟᱝ ᱰᱷᱚᱝᱜᱟᱭᱟ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱛᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟᱭ, 
ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱯᱮᱲᱟᱜ ᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱾

[*] ᱨᱟᱲᱚ ᱠᱩᱭᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱤᱴᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱚᱞ ᱯᱚᱞᱚ, ᱵᱩᱰᱤᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱢᱮ ᱾ 
ᱵᱟᱹᱧ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱧ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ, 
ᱫᱟᱫᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱢᱟ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱾
ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱫᱚᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱰᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱺᱫᱤ, 
ᱵᱩᱰᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱫᱩᱧ ᱟᱞᱟᱭ ᱟᱢᱟ ᱴᱟᱠᱟ ᱵᱟᱠᱚᱥ ᱾

[*] ᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱜᱟᱡᱟᱲ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹᱞᱯᱟᱲ ᱛᱟᱯᱚᱞ ᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱫᱷᱟᱥᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱢᱤᱱᱟᱹᱝ ᱫᱩᱠ ᱨᱮᱪᱚ ᱟᱢᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱢ ᱾
[[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱢᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱞ ᱨᱚᱠᱮᱴ ᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱪᱚᱱᱴᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭ ᱾
ᱦᱚᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱹᱤᱧ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱵᱤᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱜᱟᱡᱟᱲ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱛᱟᱹᱜᱤᱭᱤᱧ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱟᱯᱮ ᱟᱢᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱾ 

[*] ᱠᱚᱭ ᱠᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱᱴᱟ ᱱᱟᱦᱮᱞ ᱪᱷᱮᱛᱟᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱮᱛᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ, ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱛᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱦᱚᱭ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ, ᱟᱢᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱫᱟ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱮᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ?
ᱠᱚᱭ ᱠᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱦᱟᱴᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱮᱛᱟᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱮᱛᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ, ᱠᱷᱮᱨᱪᱚ ᱪᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱨᱥᱮ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ, ᱟᱢᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱫᱚ ᱵᱩᱰᱤ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱮᱢ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ?

[*] ᱫᱤᱱ ᱜᱮᱧ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱢᱟ ᱴᱮᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱨᱩ,
ᱛᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱩ,
ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱜᱤ...
ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱟᱢ 
ᱟᱸᱫᱟ ᱜᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱫᱤᱱ ᱜᱮᱧ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱢᱟ ᱴᱮᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱨᱩ,
ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱜᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱨᱩ,
ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱧ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱜᱤ...
ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱱᱮᱢ ᱟᱸᱫᱟ ᱜᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

[*] &quot;ᱨᱟᱭᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ&quot;
ᱨᱟᱭᱵᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱩᱪᱩ ᱫᱚ,
ᱨᱟᱭᱵᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱩᱪᱩ,
ᱛᱚᱞ ᱟᱛᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱦᱤ,
ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱟᱛᱟᱭ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱱᱴᱤ ᱾

[*] &quot; ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱷᱟᱴᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱹᱨᱩᱵ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ &quot;
ᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱚ,
ᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱚᱞᱮ ᱟᱬᱜᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ,
ᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱚᱞᱮ ᱫᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ,
ᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱫᱷᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱟᱞᱮ ᱯᱮ ᱾

[*] ᱞᱩᱜᱩ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ,
ᱵᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱰᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱥᱤᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱜᱩᱰᱩ ᱜᱩᱛᱤᱛᱟᱭ ᱯᱩᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱲᱢᱤ ᱛᱟᱭ,
ᱪᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱠᱟᱭ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱪᱮᱦᱮᱞ ᱪᱮᱯᱮᱞ ᱾

[*] ᱱᱟᱺᱭ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱛᱮ 
ᱟᱯᱟᱝᱜᱤᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮᱠᱤᱱ,
ᱛᱟᱯᱟᱝ ᱜᱤᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱾
ᱟᱞᱚᱯᱮ ᱛᱚᱞ ᱠᱤᱱᱟ,
ᱟᱞᱚᱯᱮ ᱫᱟᱞ ᱠᱤᱱᱟ,
ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱱ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱟᱯᱟᱥᱩᱞᱚᱜ ᱾

[*] &quot; ᱡᱚᱲ ᱚᱡᱚᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ &quot;
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱻᱜᱟᱸᱰᱚ ᱱᱮᱻᱢᱟᱪᱤ,
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱻᱫᱩᱲᱩᱵ ᱢᱮ ᱾
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱻᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱱᱮᱻᱥᱟᱥᱟᱝ,
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱻᱚᱡᱚᱜᱽᱢᱮ ᱾
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱮ~ᱱᱟᱹᱠᱤᱡ ᱱᱮ~ᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ.
ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱮ~ᱧᱮᱚᱜ ᱮ ᱾

(*) ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱱᱟ,
ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱢ ᱦᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ 
ᱜᱤᱰᱤ ᱪᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱾
ᱨᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱢᱚᱨ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱫᱤᱱᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱢᱟ,
ᱦᱟᱲᱟᱢ ᱥᱮᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱩᱧᱪᱩᱲᱟᱢᱟ ᱾

(*) ᱮ ᱯᱷᱩᱞ ᱢᱚᱥᱚᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ
ᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱧ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱭᱚᱜᱽ ᱢᱮᱥᱮ,
ᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ,
ᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ,
ᱠᱩᱭᱞᱟᱹ ᱫᱷᱩᱶᱟ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱷᱩᱸᱫᱮᱱ ᱾

(*) ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱰᱟᱧ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ,
ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱡᱟᱰᱟ ᱢᱟᱥᱮ ᱪᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱭᱮᱱ ᱾
ᱡᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱰᱟᱧ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱫᱮ,
ᱵᱷᱮᱰᱟ ᱫᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱦᱚᱛᱟᱭ ᱵᱩᱪᱟᱹᱭᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱾
ᱵᱷᱮᱰᱟ ᱟᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱰᱟᱧ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱫᱮ,
ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱦᱟᱭᱨᱮᱭ ᱪᱷᱚᱴᱟᱭᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱾
ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱨᱟᱧ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱫᱮ
ᱩᱱᱤ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱦᱚᱸᱨᱮᱭ ᱵᱤᱱᱚᱨᱵᱚᱭᱮᱱ ᱾

(*) ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡ ᱦᱟᱺᱰᱤ
ᱪᱚᱰᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡ ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱟᱹ
ᱧᱩᱧᱩ ᱥᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱞᱚᱻᱲᱚᱫ ᱞᱚᱻᱲᱚᱫ ᱾
ᱦᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱛᱤᱧ ᱵᱩᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ
ᱯᱟᱣᱨᱟᱹ ᱛᱤᱧ ᱛᱚᱣᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ,
ᱦᱚᱭ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱞᱮᱸᱻᱜᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱸᱻᱜᱮᱫ ᱾

[*] ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱦᱟᱲᱟ,
ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱚᱦᱚᱲᱟ,
ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱭ ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨᱟ,
ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱤᱦᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱟᱦᱟᱲᱟ,
ᱨᱚᱲ ᱞᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱚᱦᱚᱲᱟ,
ᱥᱩᱞᱩᱠ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱭ ᱛᱚᱯᱚᱞᱟ,
ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱚᱯᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

[*] ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ,
ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ,
ᱠᱟᱸᱥᱟ ᱛᱤᱛᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱨᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱾
ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ,
ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ,
ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱨᱟᱜᱟᱫ ᱨᱟᱜᱟᱫ ᱾

[*] ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱢᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱯᱩᱞᱩᱜ ᱯᱩᱞᱩᱜ,
ᱯᱩᱞᱩᱜ ᱯᱩᱞᱩᱜ, ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱫᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱢᱟ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾
ᱚᱛ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱢᱟ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱡᱷᱩᱯᱩᱛᱩᱲᱩᱜ,
ᱡᱷᱩᱯᱩᱛᱩᱲᱩᱜ, ᱡᱷᱩᱯᱩᱛᱩᱲᱩᱜ ᱫᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱛᱮᱧ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

=ᱪᱤᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱫᱚᱝ=

[᱿] ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱞᱮ ᱰᱟᱞᱮ 
ᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱟᱞᱮ ᱰᱟᱞᱮ,
ᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ 
ᱪᱟᱜ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱟᱹᱥᱩᱨ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱧᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱲᱟᱝ 
ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ,
ᱤᱧ ᱢᱟᱹᱧ ᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ 
ᱛᱤᱨᱮᱢ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱾

[᱿] ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱦᱟᱲᱟ 
ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱚᱦᱚᱲᱟ,
ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚᱭ ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨ ᱟ,
ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱤᱦᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱟᱦᱟᱲᱟ 
ᱨᱚᱲᱞᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱚᱦᱚᱲᱟ,
ᱵᱩᱜᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ 
ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨ ᱵᱤᱦᱩᱨᱚᱜ ᱾


==ᱜᱚᱱ ᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱯᱮᱢ==
[*] ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ,
ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠᱤᱧ ᱜᱚᱜ ᱟᱱᱟ,
ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱩᱥᱤᱠᱟ ᱵᱟᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱾
ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱛᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱟᱜ,
ᱞᱩᱦᱩᱠ ᱞᱮᱣᱮᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚᱨ,
ᱧᱩᱻᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ...
ᱛᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱤᱧ ᱜᱚᱜ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟᱭ ᱾

[*] ᱛᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱢᱤᱞ ᱛᱮ,
ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱨᱚᱭᱮᱱᱟ,
ᱥᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱤᱨᱤ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱫᱟᱠᱟ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱹᱝᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱛᱟᱝ ᱢᱮ,
ᱥᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱨᱤ ᱱᱟᱞᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱢᱮ ᱾

[*] ᱦᱚᱭ ᱢᱟ ᱜᱩᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱜᱩᱨᱞᱤ,
ᱥᱟᱹᱲᱤᱢ ᱫᱚᱞᱚᱵ ᱫᱚᱞᱚᱵ,
ᱥᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱲᱤᱢ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱭᱚᱜᱟᱜ-ᱢᱮ ᱾
ᱠᱩᱰᱟᱹᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱥᱮ ᱢᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱲᱮ,
ᱫᱟᱯᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱜ ᱢᱮ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱡᱷᱟᱴᱟᱥᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ,
ᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱟᱜ ᱢᱮ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱾

[*] ᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱵᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱯᱮᱴᱷᱟᱬ,
ᱨᱟᱪᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱚᱞᱮ ᱢᱮ ...
ᱥᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱲᱤᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱲ ᱾
ᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱟᱺᱰᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱨᱤᱡ,
ᱦᱩᱯᱩ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱚᱞᱮ ᱯᱮ,
ᱦᱩᱯᱩ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱫᱚᱞᱚᱵ ᱫᱚᱞᱚᱵ ᱾

== ᱵᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱱ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ==

[*] ᱚᱛ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,
ᱫᱷᱩᱵᱤ ᱜᱟᱥ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,
ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,
ᱫᱩᱠ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱾
ᱠᱟᱸᱥᱟ ᱯᱤᱛᱚᱞ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,
ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨ ᱵᱤᱦᱩᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,
ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,
ᱫᱩᱠᱷ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱾

[*] ᱛᱩᱯᱩ ᱱᱟᱺᱭ ᱛᱮᱞ ᱠᱩᱯᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱨᱮ,
ᱥᱟᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱭᱳ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱾
ᱯᱤᱲᱤ ᱯᱤᱴᱟᱹᱨᱤᱨᱮ ᱫᱩᱞ ᱵᱟᱹᱡᱩ ᱞᱩᱢᱟᱹᱝ ᱞᱩᱜᱽᱲᱤ,
ᱛᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱛᱮᱭᱳᱧ ᱨᱚᱫᱚᱜ ᱱᱟᱺᱠᱤᱡᱚᱜ,
ᱭᱳᱧ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜ ᱵᱟᱸᱫᱮᱜ ᱾

[*] ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱧ ᱚᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮ, ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱧ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮ,
ᱟᱛᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱜᱤᱧ ᱟᱛᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱢ ᱟᱹᱨᱩᱵ ᱭᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ, ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱢ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱭᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ, 
ᱱᱟᱺᱭ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱵᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱦᱮᱞᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱾

[*] ᱛᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱨᱱᱟ 
ᱛᱟᱻᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱻᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱻᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ,
ᱛᱟᱻᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱻᱛᱟ ᱱᱟᱻᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱦᱚ ᱾
ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱚ,
ᱱᱟᱹᱯᱤᱛ ᱵᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ,
ᱮᱻᱵᱟᱻᱵᱟ ᱢᱟᱸᱯᱟᱧᱡᱤ ᱠᱚ 
ᱪᱮᱫ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱠᱚᱻᱠᱚᱭ ᱠᱟᱻᱱᱟ
ᱪᱮᱫ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱟᱻᱨᱟᱻᱭᱟ ᱾
ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱛᱤᱠᱤ ᱪᱟᱣᱞᱮ,
ᱢᱤᱻᱫ ᱠᱟᱻᱴᱷᱟ ᱢᱤᱻᱫ ᱠᱚᱻᱧᱪᱟ,
ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱣᱰᱤ,
ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱩᱯᱟ ᱠᱟᱸᱥᱟ ᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱜ,
ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱢᱮᱨᱚᱢ ᱢᱚᱪᱚᱝ
ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱚᱪᱚᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱜ,
ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱫ ᱦᱟᱺᱰᱤ,
ᱧᱩᱻ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱞᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱜᱴᱤ ᱢᱟ ᱾

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
ᱥᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱾
== ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==
ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱞᱮᱫᱚᱝ,ᱪᱷᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱝ,ᱫᱟᱺᱭᱦᱟᱺ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱫᱚᱝ,ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱩᱜ ᱫᱚᱝ,ᱱᱟᱹᱭᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱝ,ᱵᱷᱟᱸᱰᱟᱱ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢ ᱫᱚᱝ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾</text>
      <sha1>8nmszchkqans0g2lcc5dfzzkmb879nn</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>2276</id>
    <revision>
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      <parentid>138097</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-20T02:31:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>3665</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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      <text bytes="15115" sha1="sndlydr1mkrzyaa0zok2rclxinufo3r" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| common_name = North Korea
| native_name = {{ubl|{{lang|ko|조선민주주의인민공화국}}|''Chosŏn Minjujuŭi Inmin Konghwaguk''}}
| image_flag = Flag of North Korea.svg
| image_coat = Coat of Arms of North Korea.svg
| symbol_type = Emblem
| national_anthem = {{unbulleted list|&quot;[[Aegukka]]&quot;|{{Korean|context=north|hangul=애국가 |hanja=愛國歌}}}} ({{Lang-en|&quot;The Patriotic Song&quot;)}}
&lt;center&gt;[[File:National Anthem of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.ogg]]&lt;/center&gt;
| image_map = Democratic People's Republic of Korea (orthographic projection).svg
| map_caption = Area controlled by the North Korean state are shown in dark green; North Korean-claimed but uncontrolled regions are shown in light green.
| capital = [[ᱯᱤᱭᱚᱝᱤᱭᱟᱝ]]
| largest_city = capital
| coordinates = {{Coord|39|2|N|125|45|E|type:city}}
| official_languages = [[ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Minahan2014&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last=Minahan|first=James B.|title=Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oZAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA147|year=2014|publisher=ABC-CLIO|location=Santa Barbara|isbn=978-1-61069-018-8|page=147}}{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| languages_type = [[Official script]]
| languages = [[Chosŏn'gŭl]]&lt;ref name=&quot;AltonChidley2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book|last1=Alton|first1=David|last2=Chidley|first2=Rob|title=Building Bridges: Is There Hope for North Korea?|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eTWqpOOXI_QC&amp;pg=PA89|year=2013|publisher=Lion Books|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0-7459-5598-8|page=89}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| demonym = {{hlist |ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ |ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ}}
| government_type = {{nowrap|[[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[One-party state|one-party]]&lt;br&gt;[[socialist republic]]&lt;!--Do not change without consensus. See Talk page and its archives.--&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Britannica Book of the Year 2014|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LccRAwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA642|year=2014|publisher=Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.|location=London|isbn=978-1-62513-171-3|page=642|chapter=Korea, North}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| leader_name1  = [[Kim Jong-un]]  |leader_name2  = [[Choe Ryong-hae]]
| leader_name3  = [[Pak Pong-ju]]
| leader_title1 = [[Chairman of the State Affairs Commission|Chairman of the&lt;br /&gt;State Affairs Commission]]
| leader_title2 = [[President of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly|SPA Presidium&lt;br /&gt;President]]
| leader_title3 = [[Premier of North Korea|Premier]]
| ethnic_groups = 
| ethnic_groups_year = 
| legislature = [[Supreme People's Assembly]]
| sovereignty_type = Formation
| established_event1 = [[Gojoseon|First Kingdom]]
| established_date1 = c. 7th century BC
| established_event2 = [[Three Kingdoms of Korea|Three Kingdoms]]
| established_date2 = 18 BC
| established_event3 = [[North-South States Period|North-South Kingdoms]]
| established_date3 = 698
| established_event4 = [[Goryeo dynasty]]
| established_date4 = 918
| established_event5 = [[Joseon dynasty]]
| established_date5 = 1392
| established_event6 = [[Korean empire]]
| established_date6 = October 12, 1897
| established_event7 = [[Japan-Korea Treaty of 1910|Japan-Korea Treaty]]
| established_date7 = August 29, 1910
| established_event8 = [[Korean Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]]
| established_date8 = March 1, 1919
| established_event9 = [[Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea|Provisional Government]]
| established_date9 = April 11, 1919
| established_event10 = [[Victory over Japan Day|Liberation]]/Independence from [[Empire of Japan|Japan]]
| established_date10 = 15 August 1945
| established_event11 = [[Provisional People's Committee for North Korea]] established
| established_date11 = 8 February 1946
| established_event12 = Foundation of DPRK
| established_date12 = 9 September 1948
| established_event13 = Chinese withdrawal
| established_date13 = October 1958
| established_event14 = ''[[Juche]]'' ideology implemented
| established_date14 = 27 December 1972
| established_event15 = [[Constitution of North Korea|Current constitution]]
| established_date15 = 29 June 2016
| area_km2 = 120,540
| area_sq_mi = 46,540
| area_rank = 97th&lt;!--Demographic Yearbook--&gt;&lt;!-- Area rank should match List of countries and dependencies by area --&gt;
| area_footnote = 
| percent_water = 0.11
| population_estimate_year = {{UN_Population|Year}}
| population_estimate = {{UN_Population|Dem. People's Republic of Korea}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
| population_estimate_rank = 52nd
| population_census_year = 2008
| population_census = 24,052,231&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/North_Korea/Final%20national%20census%20report.pdf#20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100331091148/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/North_Korea/Final%20national%20census%20report.pdf |archive-date=31 March 2010 |page=14 |title=DPR Korea 2008 Population Census National Report |year=2009 |publisher=DPRK Central Bureau of Statistics |accessdate=19 February 2011 |location=Pyongyang |deadurl=yes |df= }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_density_km2 = 212
| population_density_sq_mi = 549
| population_density_rank = 65th
| GDP_PPP = $40 billion
| GDP_PPP_year = 2014
| GDP_PPP_rank = 
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $1,800
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 
| GDP_nominal = $25 billion&lt;ref name=&quot;unsd&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/snaama/selbasicFast.asp |title=National Accounts Main Aggregate Database |publisher=[[United Nations Statistics Division]] |date=December 2012 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205025204/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/snaama/selbasicFast.asp |archivedate=5 February 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nkeconwatch.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.nkeconwatch.com/category/statistics/gdp-statistics/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2017-02-09 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108045819/http://www.nkeconwatch.com/category/statistics/gdp-statistics/ |archivedate=8 January 2017 }} Hyundai Research Institute (South Korea)&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year = 2015
| GDP_nominal_rank = 
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $1,000
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 
| currency = [[North Korean won]] (₩)
| currency_code = KPW
| time_zone = [[Pyongyang Time]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Decree on Redesignating Pyongyang Time|url=http://www.naenara.com.kp/en/news/?19+8938|website=Naenara|accessdate=4 May 2018|date=30 April 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
| utc_offset = +9
| utc_offset_DST = 
| DST_note = 
| time_zone_DST = 
| antipodes = 
| date_format = {{unbulleted list |yy, {{lang|ko|yyyy년 mm월 dd일}} |yy, yyyy/mm/dd {{resize|75%|([[Juche calendar|AD–1911]]{{\}}[[Anno Domini|AD]])}}}}
| drives_on = right
| calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in North Korea|+850]]
| iso3166code = 
| cctld = [[.kp]]
}}

'''ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ''' (abbreviated as DPRK, PRK, DPR Korea, or Korea DPR), ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ [[ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ [[ᱪᱤᱱ|ᱜᱚᱱᱚ ᱪᱤᱱ]], ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱫ [[ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟ]], ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ, ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ [[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ [[ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ|ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱝ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ]] ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱰᱷᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱳᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱨᱤᱠ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱤᱱᱤ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱳ ᱩᱯᱳ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱠᱩ ᱦᱟᱴᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱕᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱳ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱯᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽᱛᱟᱱᱛᱨᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱞᱟᱹᱴᱩ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱯᱤᱭᱚᱝᱤᱭᱟᱝ]]᱾ ᱟᱱᱢᱳᱠ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱱᱚ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾

== ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ==
᱑᱙᱑᱐-᱑᱙᱔᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱳᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ 

᱑᱙᱔᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱝᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱳᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛ ᱤᱣᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ surrender ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡᱽᱛᱟᱱᱛᱨᱤᱠ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱤᱸᱥᱟᱹᱲ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱛᱟᱱᱛᱨᱤᱠ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱛᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱛᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱯᱤᱭᱚᱝ ᱤᱭᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱥᱤᱣᱩᱞ᱾  

== ᱚᱛᱱᱚ ==
ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱳ ᱩᱯᱳ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ 120,540 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱚᱨᱤᱠ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱢᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱠᱮ ᱫᱟᱜᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱠ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝᱼᱟ᱾ ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱯᱤᱛ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱥᱮᱡ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱤᱛ ᱩᱯᱳ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱫᱮᱯᱟᱥᱮ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾

== ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱮᱞ ==
ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱳ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤᱭᱟ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱳᱣᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱮᱞ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱒ ᱠᱳᱴᱤ ᱔᱐ ᱞᱟᱠᱷ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ᱾ 

ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱩ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱚᱞ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ 

== ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞᱢᱮ ==
{{portal|North Korea|Korea}}{{Wikipedia books|North Korea}}

* [[:en:Index_of_North_Korea-related_articles|Index of North Korea-related articles]]
* [[:en:Outline_of_North_Korea|Outline of North Korea]]
{{-}}

== ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==
{{Sister project links|voy=North Korea|wikt=no}}

; Government websites

* [http://kcna.kp/kcna.user.home.retrieveHomeInfoList.kcmsf?lang=eng KCNA] – website of the [[Korean Central News Agency]]
* [http://naenara.com.kp/en/ Naenara] – the official North Korean governmental portal [[Naenara]]
* [http://www.mfa.gov.kp/en/ DPRK Foreign Ministry] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424004523/http://www.mfa.gov.kp/en/ |date=2019-04-24 }}- official north Korean foreign ministry website
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20171130171957/http://www.pyongyangtimes.com.kp/ The Pyongyang times]- official foreign language newspaper of the DPRK

; General websites

* {{dmoz|Regional/Asia/North_Korea}}
* [http://www.korea-dpr.com Official webpage of the DPR of Korea] - Administered by the Korean Friendship Association
* [http://38north.org/ 38North]
* [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-15256929 North Korea profile] at [[BBC News]]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090612212909/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/nkorea.htm North Korea] – link collection ([[University of Colorado at Boulder]] Libraries GovPubs)
* [https://www.nknews.org NKnews]- a professional news agency covering North Korean topics.
* [http://www.friend.com.kp/index.php?module=home&amp;current_language=en Friend.com.kp] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190821220815/http://www.friend.com.kp/index.php?module=home&amp;current_language=en |date=2019-08-21 }} – website of the [[Committee for Cultural Relations with Foreign Countries]]
* [http://www.koredufund.org.kp/ Korea Education Fund]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150702044729/http://www.rodong.rep.kp/en/ ''Rodong Sinmun''] – the newspaper of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea ''[[Rodong Sinmun]]''
* [http://www.uriminzokkiri.com/ Uriminzokkiri] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307233123/http://www.uriminzokkiri.com/ |date=2016-03-07 }}
* [http://www.dprkportal.kp/ DPRK Portal]
* [http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/HRC/CoIDPRK/Pages/ReportoftheCommissionofInquiryDPRK.aspx United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights] – [[Report of the Commission of Inquiry on Human Rights in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea]]

== ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ]] 
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱳ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱒᱐᱑᱘]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ (ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ)</title>
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|holiday_name  = Victory Day&lt;br/&gt;বিজয় দিবস&lt;br/&gt;ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ
|type          = ᱡᱟᱛᱤᱭᱳ
|longtype      =
|image         = Victory Day Parade.jpg
|caption       = ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱯᱮᱨᱟᱰᱮ, ᱒᱐᱑᱒᱾ ᱡᱟᱛᱤᱭᱳ ᱯᱮᱨᱟᱰᱮ ᱢᱟᱴᱷ, ᱰᱷᱟᱠᱟ, ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ᱾
|official_name = {{lang-bn|বিজয় দিবস}} (''Bijôy Dibôs'')
|duration      = ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ
|frequency     = ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ
|observedby    = {{flagu|Bangladesh}}
|scheduling    = ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱜᱮ
|date          = ᱑᱖ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ
|celebrations  = ᱪᱤᱨ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ, [[ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱰ]], ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱳᱱᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ|ᱡᱟᱛᱤᱭᱳ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱧ]], ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚᱯᱳᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱷᱟᱱᱢᱳᱱᱛᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱥᱚᱱ, ᱮᱱᱮᱪ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱧ᱾
|observances   =
|relatedto     = {{ubl|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ (ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ)|ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ]]}}
}}

[[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱝᱨᱮᱡᱤ ᱑᱖ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱒᱒ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱗᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱱᱳᱴᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱡᱟᱛᱤᱭᱳ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱠᱩ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱳᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20171215213234/http://www.kalerkantho.com/online/national/2017/12/16/578022 &quot;ᱛᱤᱦᱤᱧ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ&quot;᱾] [[:bn:দৈনিক_কালের_কণ্ঠ|ᱠᱟᱞᱮᱨ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱷᱚ᱾]] ᱑᱖ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤᱠ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ᱾&lt;/ref&gt; ᱑᱙᱗᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱙ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱑᱖ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱰᱷᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱳᱨᱣᱟᱨᱫᱤ ᱢᱟᱴᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱱᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱤᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱙᱑,᱖᱓᱔ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱡᱳᱣᱛᱷᱳ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱤᱱᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱱᱩᱥᱴᱷᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱮ ᱠᱳ ᱟᱛᱛᱚᱥᱚᱢᱚᱨᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://liberationwarmuseum.org/about-us |title=Archive copy |access-date=2018-12-13 |archive-date=2011-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111108013543/http://www.liberationwarmuseum.org/about-us |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱖ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱨᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱑ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱩ ᱴᱷᱩ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱠᱩ ᱮᱛᱦᱚᱵᱚᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱮᱱᱟᱵᱟᱹᱦᱤᱱᱤ, ᱵᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱤᱱᱤ, ᱱᱳᱣ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱤᱱᱤ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱳ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱩᱪᱠᱟᱣᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚᱯᱳᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱡ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱷᱟᱱᱢᱳᱱᱛᱨᱤᱭ ᱟᱛᱟᱝ-ᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱛ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱤᱱ ᱦᱤᱞᱟᱹᱜᱠᱩ ᱡᱟᱨᱳᱣᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱠᱩ ᱟᱞᱟᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱩᱝᱠᱩ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱰᱷᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱛᱤᱭᱳ ᱥᱨᱤᱛᱤ ᱥᱳᱣᱫᱷᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱢᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱩ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱹᱠᱩᱣᱟ᱾

== ᱯᱟᱠ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱛᱛᱚᱥᱚᱢᱚᱨᱯᱚᱱ ==
᱑᱙᱗᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱙ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱠ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱤᱱᱤ ᱑᱖ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱛᱛᱚᱥᱚᱢᱚᱨᱯᱚᱱ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱰᱷᱟᱠᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱥᱠᱳᱨᱥ ᱢᱟᱴᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱦᱤᱞᱟᱹᱜ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱛᱚᱨᱚᱯᱷ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱛᱛᱚᱥᱚᱢᱚᱨᱯᱚᱱ ᱫᱳᱞᱤᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱱᱟᱨᱮᱞ ᱟᱢᱤᱨ ᱟᱵᱽᱫᱩᱞᱞᱟᱦ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱡᱤ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱦᱤᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱳᱣᱛᱷᱳ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱤᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱮᱱᱟᱨᱮᱞ ᱡᱚᱜᱽᱡᱤᱛ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱟᱨᱳᱨᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱛᱛᱚᱥᱚᱢᱚᱨᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱛᱛᱚᱥᱚᱢᱚᱨᱯᱚᱱ ᱚᱱᱩᱥᱴᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱢᱤᱠᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱤᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱩᱯᱳ ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱟᱫᱷᱤᱱᱟᱭᱚᱠ ᱟᱵᱽᱫᱩᱞ ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱢ ᱠᱷᱳᱱᱫᱳᱠᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱦᱤᱞᱟᱹᱜ ᱢᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱤᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱡᱮᱱᱟᱨᱮᱞ ᱳᱥᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱟ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
== ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱠᱨᱤᱛᱤ ==
[[ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ]] ᱥᱮᱱᱟᱵᱟᱹᱦᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱛᱛᱚᱥᱚᱢᱚᱨᱯᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱙ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱫᱮᱥ (ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ) ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱮᱱᱟ᱾ 

ᱡᱟᱛᱤᱥᱚᱝᱜᱷᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱥᱥᱚ ᱯᱨᱟᱭ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱤᱠᱨᱤᱛᱤ ᱠᱳ ᱮᱢᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ᱾ 
&lt;br /&gt;
== ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ==
[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Jatiyo_Smriti_Soudho,_concrete_modernist_monument_and_memorial_gardens,_at_Savar_near_Dakar_in_central_Bangladesh.jpg|thumb|ᱡᱟᱛᱤᱭᱳ ᱥᱨᱤᱛᱤ ᱥᱳᱣᱫᱷᱳ, ᱥᱟᱵᱦᱟᱨ, ᱰᱷᱟᱠᱟ, ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ]]
᱑᱙᱗᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱛ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱛᱛᱚ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱ ᱦᱤᱞᱟᱹᱜ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ, ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱣᱳ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱡᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ, ᱱᱟᱴᱚᱠ, ᱮᱱᱮᱪ, ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱠᱩ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱨᱤᱠ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱤᱱᱤ ᱡᱟᱛᱤᱭᱳ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱰ ᱢᱟᱴᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱩᱪᱠᱟᱣᱟᱪ ᱠᱳ ᱟᱭᱳᱡᱚᱱᱟ᱾ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱡᱟᱜᱟ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱛᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ, ᱮᱱᱮᱪ, ᱮᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱠᱩ ᱠᱩ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ᱾ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱷᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱵᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱛᱤᱭᱳ ᱥᱨᱤᱛᱤ ᱥᱳᱣᱫᱷᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱥᱟᱢᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱩ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ᱾

== ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱᱟ ==

* ᱑᱙᱗᱑: ᱮᱥᱴᱮᱴ ᱵᱮᱝᱠ ᱚᱵ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱵᱮᱝᱠ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;মজিদ, মোহাম্মদ আবদুল (২০১২)। &quot;বাংলাদেশ ব্যাংক&quot;। ইসলাম, সিরাজুল; জামাল, আহমেদ। ''বাংলাপিডিয়া'' (দ্বিতীয় সংস্করণ)। বাংলাদেশ এশিয়াটিক সোসাইটি।&lt;/ref&gt;
* ᱑᱙᱗᱒: ᱜᱚᱱᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱛᱳᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾
* ᱑᱙᱗᱓: ᱑᱕ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱜᱮᱡᱮᱴ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱠᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱳᱱᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾
* ᱑᱙᱙᱖: ᱒᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾
* ᱒᱐᱑᱓: ᱡᱟᱛᱤᱭᱳ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱢᱟᱴᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱗᱑᱑᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱪᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱞᱟᱹᱴᱩ ᱪᱤᱨ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱠᱚᱨᱰ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;&quot;মানব পতাকা গড়ে গিনেস বুকে বাংলাদেশ&quot;। ''দৈনিক প্রথম আলো''। ৪ জানুয়ারি ২০১৪। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ১২ ডিসেম্বর ২০১৭।&lt;/ref&gt;   

== ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱲᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨᱠᱩ ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Mikoyan MiG-29-Chengdu F-7.jpg|Mikoyan MiG-29 &amp; Chengdu F-7 of [[Bangladesh Air Force]] fly over national parade ground
File:Yakovlev Yak-130 bd.jpg|Yakovlev Yak-130
File:Lockheed C-130 Hercules bd.jpg|Lockheed C-130 Hercules 
File:Hongdu K-8.jpg|Hongdu K-8
File:Let L-410 Turbolet a.jpg|Let L-410
File:Mil Mi-17 bd.jpg|Mil Mi-17
File:Aero L-39 Albatros Czech.jpg|Aero L-39 Albatros
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞᱢᱮ ==

* [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ]]
* [[ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ]] [[:en:Victory_Day|ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ]]
* [[ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ]]

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ}}

{{Bangladesh Holidays|state=expanded}}
{{Bangladesh Liberation War}}
{{Bangladesh topics}}

On [http://bdcircularline.com/16-december-mohan-bijoy-dibosh/ 16 December] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161212082450/http://bdcircularline.com/16-december-mohan-bijoy-dibosh/ |date=2016-12-12 }} of 2015, we were out of poor country.

[[Category:Aftermath of the Bangladesh Liberation War]]
[[Category:Military parades]]
[[Category:Victory days]]
[[Category:Public holidays in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Annual events in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:December observances]]
[[Category:Winter events in Bangladesh]]</text>
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      <text bytes="1767" sha1="ls2zm76nvrsg7owaeatqmb3hzqe4c7h" xml:space="preserve">'''ᱥᱚᱸᱫᱷᱟᱭᱱᱤ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ [[ᱵᱷᱩᱵᱽᱱᱮᱥᱚᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱚᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;http://www.allindiaaseca.org/sandhayni/2014/sandhayni-sep14.html{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=https://www.newspapers.in/newspapers_details/ref_id-83590/language-santhali/periodicity-monthly/district-bhubaneswar/state-odisha |access-date=2018-12-28 |archive-date=2021-01-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126154332/https://www.newspapers.in/newspapers_details/ref_id-83590/language-santhali/periodicity-monthly/district-bhubaneswar/state-odisha |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱮᱫ ᱫᱤ ᱢᱟᱺᱱ [[ᱱᱚᱨᱮᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱢ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ, ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ (᱕) ᱾ 
==ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ==
==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]]


==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱢ]] 
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ]]</text>
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    <title>ᱠᱩᱡᱟᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ</title>
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      <text bytes="69432" sha1="rm00sgi0mnhw658boyvuutm5g30fu1o" xml:space="preserve">'''ᱠᱩᱸᱡᱚᱨᱟ.ᱱᱤ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ''' ᱯᱩᱨᱟ. ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ '''ᱱᱚᱢᱚᱭᱨᱚᱠᱯᱚᱢ ᱠᱩᱸᱡᱚᱨᱟ.ᱱᱤ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ : ᱑ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱙᱖᱘) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟ. ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

==ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱵᱳᱨᱳ==

ᱠᱩᱸᱡᱚᱨᱟ.ᱱᱤ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱤᱨᱟ.ᱞ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ(1st March 1968) ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱬᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱤᱢᱯᱷᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱠᱟ.ᱭᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱭᱟᱭᱤ ᱞᱮᱭᱠᱟᱭᱤ ᱟ.ᱛᱩᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱤᱢᱯᱷᱟᱞ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱱᱰᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱱᱥᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱱᱟᱞᱟ ᱤᱛᱩᱱ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱩᱨᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱮᱭᱟᱭᱜᱮᱞ ᱤᱨᱟ.ᱞ (1978) ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱤᱛᱩᱱ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱺᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱝ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱩᱸᱡᱚᱨᱟ.ᱱᱤ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫᱚᱜ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱱᱟᱞᱟ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱩᱞᱩᱡ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱤᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱦᱮᱯᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱨᱟ.ᱥᱠᱟ. ᱥᱟᱛᱞᱟᱜᱼᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱾ ᱤᱢᱯᱷᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱚ ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟ. ᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱟ.ᱛ ᱛᱮᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱤᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱜᱮ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱫᱼᱟᱭ ᱾

ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱥᱟ.ᱛ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱨᱟᱞ ᱨᱤᱡᱟᱨᱵ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱷᱳᱨᱥ (CRPF) ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟ.ᱠᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫᱚᱜ ᱾ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱷᱳᱨᱥ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱤᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣᱱᱟᱣ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱠᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟ.ᱥᱠᱟ. ᱧᱮᱞᱛᱮ ᱑᱙᱙᱖ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱙᱘ (1996-98) ᱫᱷᱟ.ᱵᱤᱡ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱷᱳᱨᱥ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱟ.ᱜᱩᱣᱟ.ᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾

==ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ==

᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱟ.ᱛᱤᱭᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ.ᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ (Gold Medal) ᱜᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱔kg,᱔᱖kg ᱟᱨ ᱔᱘ kg ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱔᱘kg ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟ.ᱫ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱨᱤᱵᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱡᱟ.ᱛᱤᱭᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱠᱚᱨᱰ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱔᱔kg ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱔᱖kg ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱙᱙᱔ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱱᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ.(Gold Medal) ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱢᱚᱬᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱞᱮᱱ ᱔᱘ kg ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟ.ᱛᱤᱨ ᱯᱩᱱᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ. ᱫᱚᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ.(Silver Medal) ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾

᱑᱙᱘᱙ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱸᱜᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱪᱮᱥᱴᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ.ᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱩᱭᱠᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ. ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟ.ᱰᱤ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ. ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱲᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱱᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ.ᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ. (Gold medal ) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱥᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ.(Silver Medal) ᱜᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱤᱡᱤᱸ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱙᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱨᱳᱥᱤᱢᱟ ᱮᱥᱤᱟᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ.(Bronze Medal) ᱜᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱑᱙᱙᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱵᱮᱸᱠᱚᱠ ᱮᱥᱤᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱛᱩᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟ. ᱵᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

==ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ==

{|class = &quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
! rowspan=2 width=40|ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ
! rowspan=2 width=250|ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ
! rowspan=2 width=60|ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱞ
!colspan=4| Snatch (kg)
!colspan=4| Clean &amp; Jerk (kg)
!rowspan=2 width=40| Total
!rowspan=2 width=40| Rank
|-
! width=40|1!! width=40|2!! width=40|3!! width=40|Rank!! width=40|1!! width=40|2!! width=40|3!! width=40|Rank
|-
! colspan=13|[[World Weightlifting Championships|World Championships]]
|-
|[[2005 World Weightlifting Championships|᱒᱐᱐᱕]] || align=left|{{flagicon|ᱠᱟᱛ}} [[ᱫᱳᱦᱟ]], [[ᱠᱟᱛᱟᱨ]]|| [[2005 World Weightlifting Championships – Women's 48 kg|᱔᱘ ᱠᱤᱞᱳ]] ||᱗᱕||'''᱗᱘'''||&lt;s&gt; 79||᱗||95||98||'''100'''||᱗||'''178.0'''||7
|-

|[[2003 World Weightlifting Championships|᱒᱐᱐᱓]] || align=left|{{flagicon|ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ}} [[ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱚᱣᱵᱚᱨ]], [[ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ]] || [[2003 World Weightlifting Championships – Women's 48 kg|᱔᱘ ᱠᱤᱞᱳ]] ||᱗᱕||᱗᱗.᱕||'''᱘᱐'''||᱖||97.5||'''102.5'''||&lt;s&gt;105||4||'''182.5'''||5
|-

|[[1999 World Weightlifting Championships|᱑᱙᱙᱙]] || align=left|{{flagicon|ᱜᱨᱤᱥ}} [[ᱱᱯᱤᱨᱟᱣᱚᱥ]], [[ᱜᱨᱤᱥ]] || [[᱑᱙᱙᱙ World Weightlifting Championships – Women's 48 kg|᱔᱘ ᱠᱤᱞᱳ]] ||'''᱗᱕'''||&lt;s&gt;80||&lt;s&gt;80||᱑᱐||95||100||'''105'''||{{sica}}||'''180'''||5
|}

==ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ}}
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|date=2015-10-15 }}{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |date=2015-10-15 }}{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |date=2015-10-15 }}{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |date=2015-10-15 }}{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |date=2015-10-15 }}{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |date=2015-10-15 }}

http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==

http://www.athens2004.com/en/ParticipantsAthletes/newParticipants?pid=9003801{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

https://web.archive.org/web/20071028023001/http://sportal.nic.in/legenddetails.asp?sno=722&amp;moduleid=&amp;maincatid=48&amp;subid=0&amp;comid=55

http://www.mapsofindia.com/who-is-who/sports/n-kunjarani-devi.html


[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱞᱚᱵᱽᱥ ᱳᱢᱮᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱙]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱛᱟ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢᱥ</title>
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      <text bytes="10083" sha1="594p5qio91l4sgjeloz90iofxngrcd2" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox astronaut
| name          = ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱛᱟ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢᱥ
| image         =[[File:Sunita Williams.jpg|thumb]]
| type          =[[ᱱᱟᱥᱟ]] Astronaut
| status        =Active
| nationality   =[[United States|American]]
| ethnicity     =[[India]]n/[[Slovenia]]n
| birth_date    ={{Birth date and age|1965|09|19}}
| date_death    =
| birth_place   =[[Euclid, Ohio]], [[United States]]
| religion      =[[Hinduism]]
| occupation    =[[Test pilot]]
| rank          =[[Captain (naval)|Captain]], [[United States Navy|USN]]
| selection     =[[List of astronauts by selection#1998|1998 NASA Group]]
| time          =194d 18h 02m
| mission       =[[STS-116]], [[Expedition 14]], [[Expedition 15]], [[STS-117]]
| insignia      =[[File:STS-116 emblem.svg|30px|STS-116]] [[File:ISS Expedition 14 patch.svg|30px|ISS Expedition 14]] [[File:ISS Expedition 15 patch.svg|30px|ISS Expedition 15]] [[File:STS-117 patch new2.svg|30px|STS-117]] 
}}

'''ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱛᱟ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢᱥ'''  ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱠᱟᱥᱪᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱛᱟ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱖᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱑᱙ ᱢᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱦᱤᱭᱚ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱨᱹ ᱫᱤᱯᱚᱠ ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱱᱤ ᱾  &lt;ref&gt;http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/williams-s.html&lt;/ref&gt;  ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱨᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤᱱᱫᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

ᱯᱷᱞᱚᱨᱤᱰᱟ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱴᱩᱴ ᱚᱯ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱧᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱦᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱯᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱥᱟ ᱡᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱤᱢ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱙  ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱠᱟᱥ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱯᱮᱥ ᱣᱟᱠ (᱒᱙ ᱜᱷᱚᱱᱴᱟ ᱑᱗ ᱢᱤᱱᱤᱴ) ᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱙᱕ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱠᱚᱰ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ।&lt;ref&gt;http://www.space.com/3438-orbital-champ-iss-astronaut-sets-spacewalk-record.html&lt;/ref&gt; ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱠᱟᱥ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱤᱡ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
==ᱟᱬᱜᱟᱛ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ==
ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱛᱟ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱯᱚᱠ ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱦᱤᱭᱚ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱚᱭ ᱛᱷᱚᱢᱟᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱬᱦᱟ ᱦᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱤᱱᱟ ᱟᱱᱟᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱭ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱩᱨᱟᱴ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ 
&lt;ref name=&quot;Ancestry_Slovenia&quot;&gt;[http://www.delo.si/novice/slovenija/sunita-williams-spet-v-svoji-pradomovini.html Sunita Williams in her maternal ancestors' homeland one more time], [[Delo]], March 26, 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Ancestry_India&quot;&gt;[http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-03-31/us-canada-news/38162229_1_sunita-williams-astronaut-gujarat-technical-university Sunita Williams to start her India trip from April 1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130407123859/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-03-31/us-canada-news/38162229_1_sunita-williams-astronaut-gujarat-technical-university |date=2013-04-07 }}, [[The Times of India]], March 31, 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱘᱓ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[Bachelor of Science]] ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ [[physical science]] ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ [[United States Naval Academy]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱘᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ [[Master of Science]] ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ  Engineering Management ᱨᱮ [[Florida Institute of Technology]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱙᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref name=&quot;bio1&quot; /&gt;
==ᱯᱷᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ==
==ᱱᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ==
[[File:Sunita Williams astronaut spacewalk.jpg|thumb|Sunita Williams astronaut spacewalk]]
[[File:ISS-14 Williams Marathon.jpg|thumb|ISS-14 Williams Marathon]]
[[File:Astronauts Joan Higginbotham (STS-116) and Sunita Williams (Expedition 14) on the International Space Station.jpg|thumb|Astronauts Joan Higginbotham (STS-116) and Sunita Williams (Expedition 14) on the International Space Station]]
[[File:Expedition 32 Flight Engineer Sunita Williams exercises on COLBERT.jpg|thumb|Expedition 32 Flight Engineer Sunita Williams exercises on COLBERT]]

ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱛᱟ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ Astronaut Candidate training [[Johnson Space Center]] ᱨᱮ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ  ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱦᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ :&lt;ref name=&quot;bio1&quot; /&gt;
===ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱛᱷᱚᱱ===
ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱕, ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱩᱞᱩ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱹᱲ ᱮ ᱫᱟᱹᱲ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;
{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition14/exp14_boston_marathon.html |title=Race From Space Coincides with Race on Earth |author=Eldora Valentine |publisher=NASA |date=2007-04-06 |access-date=2007-06-08 |archive-date=2016-03-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315161410/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition14/exp14_boston_marathon.html |url-status=dead }}
&lt;/ref&gt; ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱛᱟ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱸᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱥᱴᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱛᱷᱚᱱ [[Boston Marathon]], ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱔ ᱴᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱔ ᱴᱤᱲᱤᱡ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟᱭ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author= |publisher=Zee News Limited |url=http://www.zeenews.com/znnew/articles.asp?aid=366217&amp;ssid=27&amp;sid=ENV |title=Sunita Williams Runs Marathon in Space |date=2007-04-17 |access-date=2007-06-08}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;marathon&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/17862610/ |title=Astronaut to run Boston Marathon&amp;nbsp;— in space |access-date=December 19, 2007 |publisher=[[MSNBC]] |year=2007 |author=Jimmy Golen for [[The Associated Press]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;release&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/news/releases/2007/H07-078.html |title=NASA Astronaut to Run Boston Marathon in Space |access-date=December 19, 2007 |publisher=NASA |year=2007 |author=NASA |archive-date=November 9, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071109190134/http://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/news/releases/2007/H07-078.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱡ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟ ᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱤᱡ ᱵᱩᱦᱤᱱ [[ᱫᱤᱱᱟ ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱭᱟ]] ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱹᱲ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱵᱚᱥᱴᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱛᱦᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

 
==ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ==

* [[Navy Commendation Medal]]
* [[Navy and Marine Corps Achievement Medal]]
* [[Humanitarian Service Medal]]
* [[NASA Spaceflight Medal]]
* [[Medal &quot;For Merit in Space Exploration&quot;]], [[Government of Russia]] (2011)
* [[Padma Bhushan]], [[Government of India]] (25 June 2008)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sunita Williams receives Padma Bhushan |url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2008/jul/05sunita.htm |access-date=July 5, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* Honorary Doctorate, [[Gujarat Technological University]] (2011)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Sunita Williams conferred with Honorary Doctorate by Gujarat Technological University, India (2013) |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/sunita-williams-to-get-her-honorary-doctorate-at-gtu/1095560/}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* [[Orders, decorations, and medals of Slovenia|Golden Order for Merits]], [[Government of Slovenia]] (20 May 2013)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Predsednik republike podpisal ukaz o podelitvi odlikovanja Suniti Williams |url=http://www.up-rs.si/up-rs/uprs.nsf/objave/2D38E66908849261C1257B6D0057998A?OpenDocument |accessdate=May 20, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==

{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{commons category|Sunita Williams}}
* [http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/williams-s.html NASA biography of Sunita Williams] February 2008
* [https://www.youtube.com/embed/doN4t5NKW-k Take a tour in ISS with Sunita Williams] November 2012

&lt;!--ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱮᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ--&gt;

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱞᱚᱵᱽᱥ ᱳᱢᱮᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱙]]</text>
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    <title>ᱰᱚᱱᱟᱞᱰ ᱴᱨᱟᱹᱢᱯ</title>
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      <comment>ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱔᱖ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ</comment>
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      <text bytes="4930" sha1="bjmqv31bidvxe1zaj3lhsq2rdn6vsma" xml:space="preserve">[[File:President Donald Trump.jpg|thumb|ᱫᱳᱳᱚᱫᱷ　ᱛᱨᱚᱱᱯ]]

'''ᱰᱚᱱᱟᱞᱰ ᱴᱨᱟᱹᱢᱯ''' ([[ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]: Donald Trump) ᱫᱚ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ (US) ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱔᱔ ᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ-ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ 
ᱰᱚᱱᱟᱞᱰ ᱴᱨᱚᱢᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱞᱚᱜᱟᱹᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮᱛᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱠᱤᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱹᱲᱟ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠᱚ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱢᱟᱭ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱛᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱞᱤ ᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱴ ᱡᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱛᱤᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱾ ᱰᱚᱱᱟᱞᱰ ᱴᱨᱚᱢᱯ ᱟᱢ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱮᱥᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱹᱲᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱭ ᱾ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱸᱪᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱲᱦᱟᱹ ᱢᱤᱫᱤᱥᱚ ᱥᱟᱞᱴᱤᱠ ᱢᱤᱧᱤᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱞᱩᱭ ᱛᱮᱞᱮᱜᱟᱹ – ᱮᱱᱟ ᱢᱚᱲ ᱛᱷᱟᱹᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱪᱚᱛᱚᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱹᱞᱤᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱷᱟᱭ ᱾

== ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱞᱟᱹᱜᱼᱟᱢ ==
2016 ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱸᱪᱟᱣ ᱥᱤᱥᱟᱹᱯᱟᱱ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱹ ᱾ ᱰᱚᱱᱟᱞᱰ ᱴᱨᱚᱢᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱚᱥᱚᱞ ᱥᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱹᱲᱟ ᱢᱤᱫᱤᱥᱚ ᱜᱟᱹᱛᱤᱞ ᱞᱟᱲᱟᱣ – ᱢᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱫᱮᱞ ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱱᱚᱭ ᱴᱷᱤᱵᱷᱮ ᱵᱤᱛᱤᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱛᱮᱸᱜᱤᱭ ᱾

== ᱠᱷᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱥᱤᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤ ==
ᱮᱢ ᱠᱚᱱᱞᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱴᱤᱝ ᱵᱮᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱴᱚᱞᱤᱭ ᱞᱟᱛᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱤᱱᱤᱥᱚᱴ ᱾ ᱮᱢᱟᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱛᱤᱞ ᱥᱟᱸᱪᱟᱣ ᱵᱮᱨᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱭ ᱾ ᱰᱚᱱᱟᱞᱰ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱤᱥ ᱢᱟᱸᱜ ᱥᱟᱸᱪᱟᱣ ᱪᱤᱛᱤᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱷᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱾

== ᱫᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱝ ==
ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱰᱚᱱᱟᱞᱰ ᱴᱨᱟᱹᱢᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱲᱤᱭᱟᱣ ᱯᱟᱱᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱾ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱦᱚᱵᱽ ᱵᱟᱝᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱴ ᱠᱟᱜᱚᱲᱤᱭ ᱾ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱥᱴᱤᱱᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱸᱪᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱞᱚᱜ ᱫᱤᱧᱤᱛ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱧᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱞᱤᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱚᱛᱚᱢ ᱟᱢᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱹ ᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱫᱟᱭ ᱟᱞᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱞᱟᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱹ ᱾

ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱛᱤ ᱦᱟᱞᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱞᱟᱜᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱵᱷᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱥᱮᱫᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱾ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱞᱮᱜᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱷᱟᱲᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱜ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱹ ᱾ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱮ ᱫᱤᱧᱤᱛ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱜ ᱡᱤᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱾

ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱢ ᱠᱟᱜᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱹᱲᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱚᱱᱟᱞᱰ ᱴᱨᱚᱢᱯ ᱦᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱝ ᱾ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱱᱤᱜᱚ ᱨᱚᱛᱚᱣ ᱯᱷᱮᱨᱤᱥ ᱠᱩᱛᱟᱢ ᱟᱢᱮ ᱢᱚᱲᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱤᱛ ᱾ ᱰᱚᱱᱟᱞᱰ ᱴᱨᱚᱢᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱞ ᱡᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱫᱟᱣ ᱡᱟᱹᱲᱤᱠᱟᱹᱣ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱟᱢᱮ ᱡᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱾

ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱚᱱᱤᱲᱷᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱛᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱲᱦᱟᱹᱨᱟᱹᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱦᱟᱹᱴ ᱥᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱸᱪᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱲᱤᱭᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱨᱯᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱾ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱞ ᱵᱚᱞᱚᱠ ᱵᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱚᱞ ᱨᱟᱦᱚᱸ ᱾ ᱰᱚᱱᱟᱞᱰ ᱴᱨᱚᱢᱯ ᱦᱟᱹᱴ ᱡᱷᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹ ᱾

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ]]
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'''ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱹᱬᱤ ᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢᱚᱠ  ᱦᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹᱲ ᱯᱚᱫᱷᱟ/ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱷᱟᱸᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱚᱞ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱵᱽ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱟᱺᱴᱷ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱝ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wKc5DQAAQBAJ|title=Encyclopedia of Urban Studies|last=|first=|date=2010|publisher=SAGE|isbn=9781412914321|location=|pages=441–45|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱾ ᱢᱟᱫ,ᱡᱚᱸᱰᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱦᱳᱲᱳ]] ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

== ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ==
ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱥᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱜᱟᱹᱭ, ᱵᱷᱤᱲᱤ,  ᱠᱟᱰᱟ, ᱢᱮᱨᱚᱢ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱥᱩᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱪᱟᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱥᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱜᱨᱮᱢᱤᱱᱤ (Gramineae family) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱛᱤᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱟᱱᱟᱡ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱦᱟᱹᱛᱤ]] ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ (Napier grass), ᱥᱩᱰᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ (Sudan grass), ᱫᱩᱵᱤ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱢᱟ ᱵᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱱᱟᱡᱽ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱩᱦᱩᱢ, ᱦᱳᱲᱳ, ᱡᱚᱸᱰᱨᱟ, ᱡᱟᱣ, ᱵᱟᱡᱽᱲᱟ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱚᱜᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱟᱨᱤ, ᱢᱟᱫ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱥᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾   
[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Wildebeest-during-Great-Migration.JPG|center|thumb|550x550px|ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱤᱧ ᱟᱛᱮᱜ 'ᱣᱟᱭᱤᱞᱰᱵᱤᱥᱴ']]

== ᱣᱤᱥᱷᱮᱥᱷᱛᱟ (ᱵᱤᱥᱣᱮᱥᱚᱛᱟ) ==
ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱫᱟᱹ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱱᱟᱹᱥᱮ ᱤᱧᱪ  ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱ(lawn) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ, ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱩᱦᱩᱢ, ᱡᱚᱸᱰᱨᱟ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱟᱨᱤ, ᱢᱟᱫ  ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱡᱩᱫᱟᱹ ᱡᱩᱫᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱪᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ,ᱢᱟᱫ ᱠᱟᱺᱥ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱓᱐-᱔᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱡᱤᱣᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ, ᱯᱩᱠᱷᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱞᱴᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱜᱤᱛᱤᱞᱚᱛᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱤᱣᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾  

ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱱᱟ ᱴᱷᱚᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱤᱭᱩᱠᱛ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱸᱫᱷᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱨ ᱥᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱤ (internodes) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱱᱟ  ᱨᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱚᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱨᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱸᱛᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱤ (parallel viewed) ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱩᱛᱟᱹᱱ (sheath)  ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱟᱞᱟᱠ (blade), ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱛᱟᱹᱱ ᱯᱚᱨᱤ ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱛᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱟᱞᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱟᱹᱱ (linings) ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱟᱞᱟᱝ(Little tongue) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱱᱠᱟᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱟᱞᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱨᱤᱫᱷᱤ ᱩᱯᱟᱸᱜ (growth appendages) ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱨᱱᱟᱵᱷ (Articles) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ  ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱝᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱣᱟᱨᱛᱩᱞ (Subgloburlar) ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱸᱫᱤᱭ(bulbus)ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱜᱨᱮᱢᱤᱱᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ  ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱨᱩᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ  ᱟᱨ ᱟᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱨᱩᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱸᱴ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱮᱠᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱩᱥᱷᱩᱠᱤ(spikelets) ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱯᱩᱸᱠᱮᱥᱟᱨ (stamens) ᱟᱨ ᱥᱛᱨᱤᱠᱮᱥᱟᱨ(pistils) ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ-ᱥᱟᱶ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱸᱰᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱫᱟᱹ ᱡᱩᱫᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱩᱥᱷᱩᱠᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ  ᱥᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱱᱤᱯᱟᱛᱨᱟ(bracts) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱩᱥᱱᱤᱯᱟᱛᱨᱟ (glumes) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱥᱱᱤᱯᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱥᱯᱠᱣᱟᱪ (lemmas)  ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱸᱛᱟᱦ ᱯᱩᱥᱯᱠᱣᱟᱪ (palea) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱥᱯᱠᱣᱟᱪ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱠᱩᱨ (Awn)ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ,ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱩᱦᱩᱢ,ᱡᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱨᱟᱥᱤᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱜᱚᱬ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱜᱚᱬ (self pollination)ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱮᱞᱤᱠᱥ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱛᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱵᱷᱚᱥᱟᱠ ᱥᱷᱟᱞᱠ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱟᱲᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱩᱱᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱨᱤᱯᱩᱥᱯᱟᱠ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱭ ᱯᱩᱥᱯᱠᱣᱟᱪ ᱥᱮ ᱟᱸᱛᱟᱦ ᱯᱩᱥᱯᱠᱣᱟᱪ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱵᱟᱣ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱟᱲᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱢᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱜᱟᱬ ᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱝ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟᱨᱟᱬ (seed coat),ᱥᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱠᱣᱟᱪ (Testa), ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱠᱣᱟᱪ (fruit coat) ᱡᱚᱣᱟᱟᱨᱬ(pericarp) ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱴᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱫᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱚᱠᱚᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱤᱱ  ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱡᱤᱣᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱞᱣᱟᱭᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱫᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱣᱤᱣᱤᱠᱟᱨᱟᱬ (dispersal)ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱭ,ᱫᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

== ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ==
ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱟᱱᱟᱡ ᱣᱟᱱᱟᱥᱯᱚᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱱ ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱱ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱺᱦᱤᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱲᱛᱤ ᱡᱟᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ  ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ (grass lands) ᱫᱚ  ᱵᱨᱮᱰ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮᱴᱥ (Bread Baskets) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ  [[ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱥᱚᱸᱭᱩᱠᱛ ᱨᱟᱡᱭᱟ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ   [[ᱯᱨᱮᱨᱤᱡ]](prairies), ᱟᱨᱡᱮᱸᱴᱤᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱚᱸᱯᱟᱡ]] (pampas), [[ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ|ᱟᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱜᱨᱮᱤᱱ ᱵᱮᱞᱴ (Grain belt)  ᱟᱨ ᱭᱩᱨᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱯᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ, ᱟᱥᱚᱞᱛᱮ  [[ᱤᱣᱩᱠᱨᱮᱱ|ᱭᱩᱠᱨᱮᱱ]] ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱫᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱨᱮᱰ ᱵᱟᱥᱠᱮᱴᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

== ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ==
ᱟᱹᱱᱠᱟᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱴᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ (propagation), ᱣᱤᱨᱚᱣᱟᱦᱟᱠ (stolon) ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱚᱸᱫ (rhizone) ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ  ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱥᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱚᱢᱚᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾  (Preserver of nations) ᱟᱨ '[[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱷᱟᱞ'('Shieldof India)ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱪᱤ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱚᱦᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱚᱪᱚᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱛ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱣᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱸᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ 

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱥᱟᱭ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱣᱟᱬᱩ  ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ  ᱱᱟᱭᱤᱴᱨᱚᱡᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱸᱪᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ  ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱨᱣᱟᱨᱟ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱵᱟᱲᱛᱤ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱣᱤᱱᱭᱟᱥ  (Texture) ᱵᱟᱲᱛᱤ ᱧᱟᱢᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱥᱟᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱨᱚᱢ [[ᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤ]] , ᱥᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱪᱟᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{Commons category}}

* [https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1513/ &quot;Planting and care of Lawns&quot;] from the [https://digital.library.unt.edu/browse/department/govdocs/ UNT Govt. Documents Dept.]
* [http://www.ipm.ucdavis.edu/index.html Integrated Pest Management Program: website &amp; search-engine]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140123003957/http://knowledgenetwork.alumni.msu.edu/msuaa/lawn-care-university.html Lawn Care University at Michigan State University]
* [http://water.epa.gov/polwaste/nps/ &quot;EPA Management of Polluted Runoff: Nonpoint Source Pollution&quot;]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151112200644/http://water.epa.gov/polwaste/nps/ |date=2015-11-12 }} (''includes mismanagement of lawns problems.'')

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ]]</text>
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    <title>ᱥᱴᱮᱯᱷᱤ ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷ</title>
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&lt;br /&gt;{{Infobox tennis biography|name=ᱥᱴᱮᱯᱷᱤ ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷ|fullname=ᱥᱴᱮᱯᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author1=Bob Carter|title=Graf, queen of the lawn|url=http://espn.go.com/classic/biography/s/Graf_Steffi.html|publisher=[[ESPN]]|access-date=29 May 2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050415090420/http://espn.go.com/classic/biography/s/Graf_Steffi.html|archive-date=15 April 2005|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;|image=Steffi Graf in Hamburg 2010 (cropped).jpg|caption=᱒᱐᱑᱐ᱨᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱯᱷᱤ ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷ|country={{Flagcountry|FRG}} (1982–1990)&lt;br /&gt;{{GER}} (1990–1999)|residence=[[Las Vegas Valley|Las Vegas]], [[Nevada]], U.S.|birth_date={{birth date and age|df=yes|1969|6|14}}|birth_place=[[Mannheim]], West Germany|height={{height|m=1.76}}|turnedpro=18 October 1982|retired=13 August 1999|plays=Right-handed (one-handed backhand)|coach=Peter Graf&lt;br /&gt;[[Pavel Složil]] (1986–1991)&lt;br /&gt;[[Heinz Günthardt]] (1992–1999)|careerprizemoney=$21,895,277&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=13 women have passed $20 million now|url=http://www.wtatennis.com/news/article/5114430/title/13-women-have-passed-%2420-million-now|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]] (WTA)|date=3 November 2015|access-date=28 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816150723/http://www.wtatennis.com/news/article/5114430/title/13-women-have-passed-$20-million-now|archive-date=16 August 2016|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;small&gt; [[WTA Tour records#WTA career prize money leaders|14th in all-time rankings (female)]]&lt;/small&gt;|tennishofyear=2004|tennishofid=stefanie-graf|singlesrecord={{tennis record|won=900|lost=115}}|singlestitles=107 &lt;small&gt;[[WTA Tour records|(3rd all-time)]]&lt;/small&gt;|highestsinglesranking=[[List of WTA number 1 ranked tennis players|No. '''1''']] (17 August 1987)|AustralianOpenresult='''W''' ('''[[1988 Australian Open – Women's Singles|1988]]''', [[1989 Australian Open – Women's Singles|1989]], [[1990 Australian Open – Women's Singles|1990]], [[1994 Australian Open – Women's Singles|1994]])|FrenchOpenresult='''W''' ([[1987 French Open – Women's Singles|1987]], '''[[1988 French Open – Women's Singles|1988]]''', [[1993 French Open – Women's Singles|1993]], [[1995 French Open – Women's Singles|1995]], [[1996 French Open – Women's Singles|1996]], [[1999 French Open – Women's Singles|1999]])|Wimbledonresult='''W''' ('''[[1988 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|1988]]''', [[1989 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|1989]], [[1991 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|1991]], [[1992 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|1992]], [[1993 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|1993]], [[1995 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|1995]], [[1996 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles|1996]])|USOpenresult='''W''' ('''[[1988 US Open – Women's Singles|1988]]''', [[1989 US Open – Women's Singles|1989]], [[1993 US Open – Women's Singles|1993]], [[1995 US Open – Women's Singles|1995]], [[1996 US Open – Women's Singles|1996]])|Othertournaments=yes|WTAChampionshipsresult='''W''' ([[1987 Virginia Slims Championships – Singles|1987]], [[1989 Virginia Slims Championships – Singles|1989]], [[1993 WTA Tour Championships – Singles|1993]], [[1995 WTA Tour Championships – Singles|1995]], [[1996 WTA Tour Championships – Singles|1996]])|Olympicsresult='''W''' ('''[[Tennis at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Women's singles|1988]]''')|doublesrecord=173–72|doublestitles=11|highestdoublesranking=No. 3 (3 March 1987)|AustralianOpenDoublesresult=SF ([[1988 Australian Open – Women's Doubles|1988]], [[1989 Australian Open – Women's Doubles|1989]])|FrenchOpenDoublesresult=F ([[1986 French Open – Women's Doubles|1986]], [[1987 French Open – Women's Doubles|1987]], [[1989 French Open – Women's Doubles|1989]])|WimbledonDoublesresult='''W''' ([[1988 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Doubles|1988]])|USOpenDoublesresult=SF ([[1986 US Open – Women's Doubles|1986]], [[1987 US Open – Women's Doubles|1987]], [[1988 US Open – Women's Doubles|1988]], [[1989 US Open – Women's Doubles|1989]])|OthertournamentsDoubles=yes|OlympicsDoublesresult=SF ([[Tennis at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Women's doubles|1988]])|Mixed=yes|mixedrecord={{tennis record|won=9|lost=7}}|mixedtitles=|AustralianOpenMixedresult=2R ([[1991 Australian Open – Mixed Doubles|1991]])|FrenchOpenMixedresult=2R ([[1994 French Open – Mixed Doubles|1994]])|WimbledonMixedresult=SF ([[1999 Wimbledon Championships – Mixed Doubles|1999]])|USOpenMixedresult=1R ([[1984 US Open – Mixed Doubles|1984]])|Team=yes|FedCupresult='''W''' ([[1987 Fed Cup|1987]], [[1992 Fed Cup|1992]])|HopmanCupresult='''W''' ([[1993 Hopman Cup|1993]])|medaltemplates-expand=yes|medaltemplates={{MedalCountry|{{FRG}}}}
{{MedalGold | '''[[1988 Summer Olympics|1988 Seoul]]''' | [[Tennis at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Women's Singles|Singles]]}}
{{MedalBronze| [[1988 Summer Olympics|1988 Seoul]] | [[Tennis at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Women's Doubles|Doubles]]}}
{{MedalCountry|{{Flagu|Germany}}}}
{{MedalSilver| [[1992 Summer Olympics|1992 Barcelona]] | [[Tennis at the 1992 Summer Olympics – Women's Singles|Singles]]}}}}
[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Steffi_Graf_signature.png|thumb|ᱥᱴᱮᱯᱷᱤ ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷ ᱟ ᱥᱩᱦᱤ]]
'''ᱥᱴᱮᱯᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ &quot;ᱥᱴᱮᱯᱷᱤ&quot; ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷ'''&lt;nowiki&gt; (ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱟᱹᱣ : [ˈʃtɛfiː ˈgʁa:f];&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/Steffi|title=Duden {{!}} Steffi {{!}} Rechtschreibung, Bedeutung, Definition|work=[[Duden]]|accessdate=21 October 2018|language=de|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181021232126/https://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/Steffi|archive-date=21 October 2018|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|year=2008|title=Longman Pronunciation Dictionary}}&lt;/ref&gt;ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑᱔ ᱡᱩᱱ᱑᱙᱖᱙) ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱮᱥᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱑ᱞᱩ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱒᱒ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱜᱨᱟᱱᱰ ᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱴᱟᱭᱴᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Steffi Graf WTA Year In Detail&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Steffi Graf Year In Detail|url=http://www.wtatennis.com/players/player/2718/title/steffi-graf#yearindetail|accessdate=24 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130722183123/http://www.wtatennis.com/players/player/2718/title/steffi-graf#yearindetail|archive-date=22 July 2013|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱒᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱴᱟᱭᱴᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱫ ᱨᱮ  ᱑᱙᱖᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱡᱩᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱱᱟ ᱣᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱢᱥ (᱒᱓) ᱢᱟᱨᱜᱟᱨᱮᱴ ᱠᱳᱨᱴ (᱒᱔)  ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱔ᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱨᱟᱱᱰᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱚᱞᱚᱢᱯᱤᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱰᱟᱞ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱫ ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱞᱟᱢ( Golden Slam ) ᱫᱟᱥᱮ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ.&lt;ref name=&quot;Steffi Graf Interview The Guardian&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=Q&amp;A: Steffi Graf|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2013/jun/22/steffi-graf-interview|accessdate=24 June 2013|newspaper=The Guardian|date=22 June 2013|location=London|first=Rosanna|last=Greenstreet|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140112112428/http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2013/jun/22/steffi-graf-interview|archive-date=12 January 2014|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱫ ᱟᱡ ᱥᱩᱢᱩᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱷᱮᱞᱚᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱜᱨᱟᱱᱰ ᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱯᱩᱯᱩᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱛᱤᱥᱚᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱳᱢᱮᱱᱥ ᱴᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱟᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ (   Women's Tennis Association (WTA) )ᱟᱨ ᱟᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱴᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱸᱠᱤᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱭ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱢᱩᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱓᱗᱗᱗ ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://grove.ufl.edu/~cwarner/people/SGraf.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19961230142243/http://grove.ufl.edu/~cwarner/people/SGraf.html|dead-url=yes|archive-date=30 December 1996|title=Steffi Graf|publisher=Grove.ufl.edu|accessdate=17 May 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱡ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱮᱞᱚᱱᱰ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱐᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱴᱟᱭᱴᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱴᱤᱱᱟ ᱱᱟᱵᱷᱨᱟᱛᱤᱞᱳᱵᱷᱟ (᱑᱖᱗ ᱴᱟᱭᱴᱮᱞ) ᱟᱨ ᱠᱨᱤᱥ ᱮᱵᱷᱚᱨᱴ (᱑᱕᱗ ᱴᱟᱭᱴᱮᱞ) ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ  WTA ᱦᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱢ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱜᱟᱨᱮᱴ ᱠᱳᱨᱴ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱜᱷᱮᱞᱚᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱢᱩᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱨᱟᱱᱰᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱢᱚᱬᱮᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ (᱑᱙᱘᱘,᱑᱙᱘᱙,᱑᱙᱙᱓,᱑᱙᱙᱕ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱙᱖) ᱾

ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱳᱨᱴ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭ, ᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱳᱨ ᱦᱮᱸᱰ ᱰᱨᱟᱭᱤᱵᱷ&lt;ref name=&quot;Steffi Graf International Tennis Hall of Fame&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/steffi-graf|title=Steffi Graf|accessdate=2013-06-24|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130629104344/http://www.tennisfame.com/hall-of-famers/steffi-graf|publisher=International Tennis Hall of Fame &amp; Museum|archivedate=29 June 2013|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱾ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱩᱯᱩᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱱᱰ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱮᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾
&lt;ref name=&quot;&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://tennismash.com/2016/09/15/10-influential-players-history-tennis/|title=The 10 most influential players in the history of tennis|via=Tennismash|author=Australian Tennis Magazine|publication-date=15 September 2016|publisher=Published by Suzi Petkovski|accessdate=6 January 2019|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924073958/http://tennismash.com/2016/09/15/10-influential-players-history-tennis/|archivedate=24 September 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author=Robin Finn|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/18/sports/on-tennis-graf-is-best-right-just-don-t-ask-her.html|title=ON TENNIS; Graf Is Best, Right? Just Don't Ask Her|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=1999-08-18|accessdate=2017-07-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709103457/http://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/18/sports/on-tennis-graf-is-best-right-just-don-t-ask-her.html|archive-date=9 July 2017|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;grantland1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://grantland.com/the-triangle/steffi-graf-serena-williams/|title=The Shadow of Steffi Graf: Before Serena, Women's Tennis Had Another Unconquerable Force «|website=Grantland.com|date=|accessdate=2017-07-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170507173757/http://grantland.com/the-triangle/steffi-graf-serena-williams/|archive-date=7 May 2017|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;bleacherreport1&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Jeremy Eckstein|url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/2651802-remember-what-made-steffi-graf-a-tennis-legend|title=Remembering What Made Steffi Graf a Tennis Legend|publisher=[[Bleacher Report]]|date=2016-07-13|accessdate=2017-07-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823062206/http://bleacherreport.com/articles/2651802-remember-what-made-steffi-graf-a-tennis-legend|archive-date=23 August 2017|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱡ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱨᱮᱱᱪ ᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱴᱟᱭᱴᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱮᱵᱷᱚᱨᱴ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ) , ᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱣᱤᱢᱵᱮᱞᱰᱚᱱ, ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟᱹ  ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱚᱯᱮᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱭᱩ ᱮᱥ ᱚᱯᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱟᱭᱴᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱑᱙᱗᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱭᱩ ᱮᱥ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱰ ᱠᱳᱨᱴ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱩᱱᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱡ ᱜᱨᱟᱱᱰᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱮ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱵᱷᱤᱲᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱷᱤᱲᱟᱹᱣ ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷ ᱜᱟᱥ , ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱠᱳᱨᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱨᱟᱱᱰᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱮ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱨᱟᱱᱰᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱟᱡ ᱜᱟᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱥᱟᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱿ ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷ ᱑᱙᱘᱗ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱮᱨᱮᱸᱪ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ ᱚᱯᱮᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱑᱓ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱮᱠᱞᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱱᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱙ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱘᱙ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱕ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱤᱞ ᱴᱟᱭᱴᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱜᱷᱳᱱ ᱑᱙᱘᱙ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱭᱩ ᱮᱥ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱑᱙᱘᱙ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱮᱨᱮᱸᱪ ᱳᱯᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱞᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱮᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱳᱱ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱟᱴᱟᱝ ᱴᱟᱭᱴᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟᱱ᱿ ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱓᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱱ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱴᱟᱭᱴᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱚᱛᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱴᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱩᱲ ᱴᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱚᱵᱨᱚᱛᱤᱞᱳᱵᱦᱟ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱷᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱳᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹᱨᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱯᱷᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱿&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/18/sports/on-tennis-graf-is-best-right-just-don-t-ask-her.html|title=ON TENNIS; Graf Is Best, Right? Just Don't Ask Her|work=The New York Times|date=18 August 1999|accessdate=17 May 2011|first=Robin|last=Finn|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714100700/http://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/18/sports/on-tennis-graf-is-best-right-just-don-t-ask-her.html|archive-date=14 July 2011|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://augustasports.com/stories/121299/oth_tennis.shtml|work=AugustaSports.com|title=Tennis Players of the Century.|accessdate=24 April 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070521071150/http://augustasports.com/stories/121299/oth_tennis.shtml|archive-date=21 May 2007|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; .&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.tennischannel.com/goat/71.aspx|work=tennischannel.com|title=The list|accessdate=24 March 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120605022801/http://www.tennischannel.com/goat/71.aspx|archivedate=5 June 2012|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ Tennis.com ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱷᱚᱛᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱳ ᱜᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱜᱷᱮᱞᱚᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱰ ᱢᱤᱰ ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱭ ᱚᱱᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱯᱷᱤ ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2018/11/goat-vote-steffi-or-serena-ten-went-one-way-you-went-another/78127/|title=GOAT Vote: Steffi or Serena? 'The Ten' went one way; you went another.|website=Tennis.com|access-date=2018-12-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181205193729/http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2018/11/goat-vote-steffi-or-serena-ten-went-one-way-you-went-another/78127/|archive-date=5 December 2018|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱟᱠᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱳᱨᱤᱥ ᱵᱮᱠᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱼᱟ ᱾.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Bernstein|first1=Eckhard|title=Culture and Customs of Germany|date=2004|publisher=Greenwood Press|location=Westport, Connecticut|isbn=0-313-32203-1|page=47}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=René Denfeld|url=https://thetennisisland.com/2015/10/04/tennis-in-reunified-germany-then-and-now/|title=Tennis in Reunified Germany: Then and Now – The Tennis Island|website=Thetennisisland.com|date=|accessdate=2017-07-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180811230802/https://thetennisisland.com/2015/10/04/tennis-in-reunified-germany-then-and-now/|archive-date=11 August 2018|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Archive copy |url=http://www.si.com/vault/1989/06/26/120093/serving-her-country-a-grand-slam-may-have-brought-west-germanys-steffi-graf-fame-and-fortune-but-to-the-delight-of-her-countrymen-whove-watched-her-climb-to-the-top-she-remains-one-of-them |access-date=2014-09-19 |archive-date=2019-08-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190822032444/https://www.si.com/vault/1989/06/26/120093/serving-her-country-a-grand-slam-may-have-brought-west-germanys-steffi-graf-fame-and-fortune-but-to-the-delight-of-her-countrymen-whove-watched-her-climb-to-the-top-she-remains-one-of-them |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱠ ᱛᱟᱭ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱩᱱᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱳᱱ ᱡᱤᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱮ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱑ ᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱱᱫᱨᱮ ᱟᱜᱟᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱚᱠᱴᱳᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱿ ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱱᱟ ᱼᱡᱟᱫᱮᱱ ᱜᱤᱞ ᱟᱴ ᱡᱟᱜ ᱮᱞᱤ ᱿ ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷ ᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱞ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱮᱼᱟ ᱾

== ᱟᱬᱜᱟᱛ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ==
ᱥᱴᱮᱯᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷ ᱑᱔ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱑᱙᱖᱙ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱮᱭᱫᱤ ᱥᱟᱞᱠ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ  ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱡᱚᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱦᱮᱢ, ᱵᱟᱰᱮᱱᱼᱣᱩᱨᱛᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱯᱩᱲᱥᱟᱹ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱨᱩᱦᱞ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.thelocal.de/20131202/steffis-svengali-peter-graf-dies|title=Steffi's father Peter Graf dies after cancer battle|website=The Local|date=2 December 2013|accessdate=18 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611015950/http://www.thelocal.de/20131202/steffis-svengali-peter-graf-dies|archive-date=11 June 2015|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱟᱯᱟᱛ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱴᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱳᱪ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱮᱱᱤᱥ ᱨᱟᱠᱮᱴ ᱪᱮᱫᱞᱮᱠᱟᱢ ᱟᱹᱪᱩᱨᱼᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱯᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱴᱮᱯᱷᱤ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2013/dec/06/local/la-me-passings-20131206|title=PASSINGS: Peter Graf, Robert Dockson|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=6 December 2013|accessdate=18 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141001081719/http://articles.latimes.com/2013/dec/06/local/la-me-passings-20131206|archive-date=1 October 2014|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ᱟᱡ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱳᱨᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱩᱨᱱᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱡᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱴᱩᱨᱱᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱮ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱮᱱᱟ , ᱑᱙᱘᱒ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱒ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱘ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱭᱩᱨᱚᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱮ ᱫᱟᱥᱮ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

== ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞᱯᱮ ==
{{Portal|Tennis}}{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[WTA Tour records]]
* [[Grand Slam (tennis)]]
* [[List of WTA number 1 ranked players]]
* [[List of female tennis players]]
* [[List of tennis tournaments]]
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* [[Tennis records of the Open Era - Women's Singles]]
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{{div col end}}

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
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    <title>ᱦᱮᱢᱚᱱᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ</title>
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      <text bytes="13312" sha1="a3blpji4ci1447yvb9ep28lh9wtal4r" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder
| birth_name = 
| name = ᱦᱮᱢᱚᱱᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ
| image = Hemant Soren.jpg
| office = ᱕ ᱟᱱᱤᱡ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ|ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱟᱱᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ]]
| term_start = ᱑᱓ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱑᱓
| term_end = ᱒᱘ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱔
| predecessor = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ
| successor = [[ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱵᱚᱨ ᱫᱟᱥ]]
| office1 = ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ, [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱱᱰ ᱢᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱨᱪᱟ]]
| term_start1 = ᱑᱓ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱑᱓
| term_end1 = Present 
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1975|8|10|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[ᱨᱟᱢᱜᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱱᱮᱢᱨᱟ]], [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]], [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]]&lt;br/&gt;(ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]], [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]])
| religion = [[ᱥᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ|ᱥᱟᱨᱱᱟ]]
| website = 
}}
'''ᱦᱮᱢᱚᱱᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ: ᱑᱐ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱑᱙᱗᱕) ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱑᱑ ᱟᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱢᱚᱱᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱕ ᱟᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ (᱑᱓ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ - ᱒᱘ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱔) ᱦᱚᱸ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Hemant-Soren-becomes-Jharkhand-CM-heads-9th-government-in-13-years/articleshow/21051174.cms|title=Hemant Soren becomes Jharkhand CM, heads 9th government in 13 years - The Times of India|work=[[India Times]]|year=2013|quote=JMM leader Hemant Soren, son of party chief Shibu Soren, was on Saturday sworn in as the new chief minister of Jharkhand|accessdate=14 July 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/hemant-soren-ninth-cm-of-jharkhand/article4911398.ece|title=Hemant Soren, ninth CM of Jharkhand|work=ᱫᱟ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ|year=2013|quote=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha MLA Hemant Soren was sworn in as Jharkhand’s ninth Chief Minister|accessdate=14 July 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱤᱠᱚᱨᱰ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;chief ministership&quot;&gt;{{cite web|last=DNAInida|title=Hemant Soren to be sworn-in Jharkhand chief minister on Saturday|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/1859959/report-hemant-soren-to-be-sworn-in-jharkhand-chief-minister-on-saturday|accessdate=11 July 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱚᱱᱟ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱢᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱨᱪᱟ|ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱢᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱨᱪᱟ (ᱡᱢᱢ)]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ JMM ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱴᱤᱡ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱚᱠᱚᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱲᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱴᱟᱺᱰᱤ (backgrounds) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ (MLA) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ, ᱟᱫᱚ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱨᱤᱡᱮᱵᱰ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱱᱟᱣ (Election) ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱠᱩᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ JMM ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱳᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱮᱠᱴ ᱢᱮ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://scroll.in/article/829871/why-dalit-and-adivasi-political-dynasties-lag-behind-those-of-forward-and-even-backward-castes|title=Why Dalit and Adivasi political dynasties lag behind those of forward (and even backward) castes|first=Ajaz|last=Ashraf|publisher=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱦᱮᱢᱚᱱᱛ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱞᱡᱩᱞᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱥᱣᱟᱥ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱢᱢ ᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱣᱮᱵᱥᱟᱤᱴ ᱞᱳᱸᱪ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.avenuemail.in/ranchi/need-keep-pace-changing-times-hemant-soren/58203/|title=Need to keep pace with changing times: Hemant Soren|date=10 September 2014|publisher=|access-date=13 July 2019|archive-date=13 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190713041750/https://www.avenuemail.in/ranchi/need-keep-pace-changing-times-hemant-soren/58203/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ==
ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱠᱷᱩᱞ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱢ [[ᱨᱟᱢᱜᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱨᱮ ᱨᱩᱯᱤ ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱤᱵᱩ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ]], ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱮᱦᱚᱱᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱴᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱥᱨᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱤᱱ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱞᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱩᱱᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ, [[ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾[http://prdjharkhand.in/cm.php ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱹᱜᱷᱩᱵᱚᱨ ᱫᱟᱥ]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203060235/http://prdjharkhand.in/cm.php |date=2020-02-03 }} ᱑᱘ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢᱟᱫ ᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱮᱯᱷᱤᱰᱮᱵᱤᱴ, ᱦᱮᱦᱚᱱᱛ ᱫᱚ '''ᱵᱤᱹᱟᱭᱤᱹᱴᱤᱹ ᱢᱮᱥᱨᱟ''', ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱨᱮ '''ᱢᱮᱠᱮᱱᱤᱠᱚᱞ ᱤᱱᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱨᱤᱝᱜ''' ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱟᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.samachar.com/Team-Hemant-on-shaky-ground-nhmdLegffib.html |title=Team Hemant on shaky ground: Many cases against Cabinet hopefuls |accessdate=18 February 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222175228/http://www.samachar.com/Team-Hemant-on-shaky-ground-nhmdLegffib.html |archivedate=22 February 2014 |deadurl=yes |df= }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://news.biharprabha.com/2013/07/meet-hemant-soren-the-new-cma/ Meet Hemant Soren, the new Chief Minister of Jharkhand]{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 13 July 2013. Retrieved 18 February 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ==
ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢᱮ ᱫᱚᱭᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱫᱚᱨᱥᱚᱣᱟᱱᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱟᱥ ᱑᱙ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱱᱟᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱴᱠᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱮᱢᱚᱱᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱩᱦᱤᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱮᱦᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱜᱮ '''ᱯᱷᱮᱱ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ''' ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱕᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱮᱞᱟᱝ-ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱢᱚᱱᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱒ (ᱜᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱨ) ᱛᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱟᱨᱵᱤᱱᱫᱽ ᱠᱮᱡᱽᱨᱤᱣᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱱᱤᱛᱮᱥ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱮᱵᱤᱱᱮᱴ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://santalinews.com/%e1%b1%a1%e1%b1%b7%e1%b1%9f%e1%b1%a8%e1%b1%a0%e1%b1%b7%e1%b1%9a%e1%b1%b8%e1%b1%b0-%e1%b1%a8%e1%b1%a4%e1%b1%b1-%e1%b1%a5%e1%b1%a4%e1%b1%a8%e1%b1%9f-%e1%b1%a2%e1%b1%9a%e1%b1%b1%e1%b1%9b%e1%b1%a8/ |title=Archive copy |access-date=2020-05-30 |archive-date=2020-06-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200621171252/https://santalinews.com/%e1%b1%a1%e1%b1%b7%e1%b1%9f%e1%b1%a8%e1%b1%a0%e1%b1%b7%e1%b1%9a%e1%b1%b8%e1%b1%b0-%e1%b1%a8%e1%b1%a4%e1%b1%b1-%e1%b1%a5%e1%b1%a4%e1%b1%a8%e1%b1%9f-%e1%b1%a2%e1%b1%9a%e1%b1%b1%e1%b1%9b%e1%b1%a8/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==

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{{IN Assembly succession box
| state= ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ
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{{IN Assembly succession box
| state= ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ
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| years= [[᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ|᱒᱐᱑᱔]]– }}
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{{s-ttl|title=President&lt;br /&gt;[[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱢᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱨᱪᱟ]]|years=᱒᱐᱑᱓– }}
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{{ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ}}

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[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱗᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱢᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱨᱪᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱜᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱨᱟᱢᱜᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ]]
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[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱭᱚᱠ ᱒᱐᱑᱔–᱒᱐᱑᱙]]</text>
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      <text bytes="4315" sha1="50zqzjaxykw1vm3615ccap5i45465ok" xml:space="preserve">[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Strait_of_Hormuz.jpg|thumb|ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱩᱡᱽ ᱱᱟᱞᱟ]]
'''ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱩᱡᱽ ᱱᱟᱞᱟ''' ([[:en:Strait_of_Hormuz|Strait of Hormuz]]) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱛᱴᱮᱱ ᱠᱩᱪᱤᱛ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤᱢ [[ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱥᱥᱚ ᱜᱟᱸᱜᱟ]] ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱳᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱸᱜᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱜᱟᱸᱜᱟ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱫᱤᱯ]] ᱠᱷᱳᱱ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱮ ᱵᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱤᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱓᱔ ᱠᱤᱞᱳ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱱᱟᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱥᱥᱚ ᱜᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ [[ᱳᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱤᱨᱟᱱ]] ᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾

ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱚᱨᱮᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱨᱩᱲᱟᱱᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱰᱚᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱯᱮᱴᱨᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱰᱚᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱨᱩᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱱᱦᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱑ ᱠᱤᱞᱳᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱰᱮᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱒ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱐ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱱᱴ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱮᱜᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱰᱚᱦᱟᱣ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱷᱤᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱜᱤ [[ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]], [[ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ]] ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱪᱦᱤᱢ ᱤᱭᱩᱨᱚᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ [[ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱜᱤ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱡᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ [[ᱪᱤᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱷᱟ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱚᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱡᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱨᱢᱩᱡᱽ ᱱᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱹᱢ ᱒᱐,᱐᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱠᱩᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱞᱮ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ  ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

== ᱯᱦᱮᱰᱮᱛ ==

* https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80

== ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==

* [http://strausscenter.org/hormuz/straitofhormuz.html Robert Strauss Center's Hormuz website: background on the political, economic, business, technical, and military issues]
* [http://www.dataxinfo.com/index.htm Strait of Hormuz website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807125602/http://www.dataxinfo.com/index.htm |date=2020-08-07 }}, includes antique maps.
* [[Federation of American Scientists]] about the weapons on the islands [http://www.fas.org/nuke/guide/iran/facility/abu-musa.htm FAS.org] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210331225246/http://www.fas.org/nuke/guide/iran/facility/abu-musa.htm |date=2021-03-31 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121002033942/http://homepage.ntlworld.com/jksonc/docs/ir655-chart-2888-1580px.html Strait of Hormuz – U.K. Admiralty Chart 2888 (excerpt) (1580 pixels)]
* [http://www.analysis.williamdoneil.com/How_Great_a_Concern.htm How Great a Concern? Iranian threats to close the Strait of Hormuz], briefly describes offense-defense balance in the Strait and links to articles in the journal, ''[[International Security]]'', as well as a [http://www.analysis.williamdoneil.com/Hormuz.jpg map of the Strait and surrounding region]

* [http://www.presstv.ir/Program/224278.html Politics of Strait of Hormuz] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101141753/http://www.presstv.ir/Program/224278.html |date=2016-01-01 }} - [[PressTV]] (2012)

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱱᱟᱞᱟ]]
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| name                            = ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ
| other_name                      =
| settlement_type                 = ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ
| image_skyline                   = Simdeg Collage.jpg
| image_caption                   = Clockwise - Kelaghagh Dam, Hilly Terrain, District Administration Office
| nickname                        = Nursery of Sports&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url =http://simdega.nic.in/profile.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| pushpin_map                     = India Jharkhand#India
| pushpin_label_position          = right
| pushpin_map_alt                 = 
| pushpin_map_caption             = ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ
| coordinates                     = {{coord|22.62|N|84.52|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type                = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ
| subdivision_name                = {{flag|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ}}
| subdivision_type1               = ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ
| subdivision_type2               = ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
| subdivision_name1               = [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ]]
| established_date                = ᱑᱕ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱑᱕
| founder                         = ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱤᱝᱰᱚᱢ
| named_for                       = 
| government_type                 = ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱥᱤ
| governing_body                  = ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱥᱤ
| leader_title                    = ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ
| unit_pref                       = Metric
| area_footnotes                  = 
| area_total_km2                  = 
| area_rank                       = 
| elevation_footnotes             = 
| elevation_m                     = 418
| population_total                = 599,813
| population_as_of                = ᱒᱐᱑᱑
| population_footnotes            = 
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| population_rank                 = 22
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| demographics_type1              = ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ
| demographics1_title1            = ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱮᱛ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ
| timezone1                       = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1                     = +᱐᱕:᱓᱐
| postal_code_type                = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code                     = ᱘᱓᱕᱒᱒᱓
| area_code                       = +᱙᱑-᱖᱕᱒᱕
| area_code_type                  = ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱳᱰ
| registration_plate              = JH 20
| website                         = {{URL|http://simdega.nic.in/}}
| footnotes                       = 
| native_name_Lang                = 
| image_size                      = 200px
| demographics1_info1             = [[ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ]], [[ᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱳᱰᱤᱭᱟ]]
| highway                         = ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱒᱓ (National Highway NH 23)
}}
'''ᱥᱤᱢᱵᱮᱜᱟ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱴᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 
᱔᱑᱘&amp;nbsp;ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱑᱓᱗᱑&amp;nbsp;ᱯᱷᱤᱴ) ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ {{cvt|3,750|sqkm}} ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱸᱧᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱩᱢᱞᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱜᱩᱢᱞᱟ]], ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ [[ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ]], ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱚᱥᱯᱩᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]], [[ᱪᱷᱚᱛᱤᱥᱜᱚᱰ]] ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ [[ᱨᱟᱩᱨᱠᱮᱞᱟ]], [[ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ]] ᱛᱮ ᱜᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url = http://simdega.nic.in/profile.html|title = District Profile|date = 4 October 2015|accessdate = 4 October 2015|website = |publisher = District Administration, Simdega|last = |first = }}&lt;/ref&gt;
ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱩᱨᱠᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱓᱕&amp;nbsp;ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ [[ᱨᱟᱩᱨᱠᱮᱞᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ (NH143) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱫᱟᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱩᱨᱠᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ==


==ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ==


== ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ==
[[File:St Anne Cathedral Simdega.jpg|thumb|ᱥᱮᱸᱴ ᱮᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱮᱛᱷᱮᱰᱨᱟᱞ, ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ]]
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱕᱙᱙,᱘᱑᱓ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱕᱒% ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱔᱘% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱘᱕.᱔᱖% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱘᱙.᱒᱓%  ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱑.᱕᱔% ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

==ᱦᱚᱨ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ==
ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰᱼᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟᱼᱪᱷᱚᱛᱤᱥᱜᱚᱰ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱨᱚᱥᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾  

ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱞᱟᱠᱥ ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱼᱠᱚᱱᱰᱤᱥᱚᱱᱮᱰ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱤ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

;ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 
ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ, ᱜᱩᱢᱞᱟ, ᱞᱚᱦᱟᱨᱫᱟᱜᱟ, [[ᱥᱟᱥᱟᱨᱟᱢ]] ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱟᱞᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱩᱨᱠᱮᱞᱟ (ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ) ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱥᱮᱱᱡᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱳᱱ ᱥᱴᱚᱯ ᱵᱟᱥ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
# ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱼ ᱑᱕᱕&amp;nbsp;ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ
# ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱩᱨᱠᱮᱞᱟ ([[ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ]]) - ᱗᱐&amp;nbsp;ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ
# ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱩᱢᱞᱟ ᱗᱗&amp;nbsp;ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ
# ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[ᱜᱟᱭᱟ]] ([[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]])ᱼ ᱓᱒᱐&amp;nbsp;ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ
# ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱢᱵᱟᱞᱯᱩᱨ ([[ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ]])ᱼ ᱑᱕᱘&amp;nbsp;ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ
;ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ 
[[ᱨᱟᱹᱣᱩᱞᱠᱮᱞᱟ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://odishatv.in/odisha/body-slider/aai-clears-air-on-flight-services-from-rourkela-236595/|title=AAI clears air on flight services from Rourkela {{!}} Odisha Television Limited|date=2017-09-04|work=Odisha Television Limited|access-date=2017-09-04|language=en-US|archive-date=2017-09-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904182913/http://odishatv.in/odisha/body-slider/aai-clears-air-on-flight-services-from-rourkela-236595/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ [[ᱵᱤᱨᱥᱟᱹ ᱢᱩᱸᱰᱟᱹ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ|ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱥᱩᱜᱩᱰᱟ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]] ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

=== ᱨᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ===
[[ᱵᱟᱱᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱹᱣᱩᱞᱠᱮᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ [[ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱵᱤᱡ [[ᱞᱚᱦᱟᱨᱫᱟᱜᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱩᱢᱞᱟ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ[[File:Circuit House, Simdega.jpg|alt=Circuit House, Simdega|thumb|396x396px|ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱤᱴ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥ, ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ]]

==ᱧᱮᱧᱮᱞ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ==
ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱧᱮᱞ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱥᱵᱤᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱧᱮᱧᱮᱞ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱴᱨᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱾


'''ᱯᱟᱞᱠᱚᱴ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱵᱤᱨ'''

ᱯᱟᱞᱠᱚᱴ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱵᱤᱨ ᱜᱩᱢᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱩᱢᱞᱟ, ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱭᱰᱤᱦ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱒᱓ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱨᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱵᱤᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱴᱤᱧᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
[http://www.jharwildlife.in/2014-10-09-13-56-25/2014-10-10-15-05-38/palkot.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316143934/http://www.jharwildlife.in/2014-10-09-13-56-25/2014-10-10-15-05-38/palkot.html |date=2017-03-16 }} ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱡᱚᱢ, ᱟᱥᱟᱱ, ᱜᱟᱢᱟᱨ, ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱭ, ᱯᱤᱨ, ᱢᱮᱨᱟᱞ, ᱢᱟᱛᱠᱚᱢ, ᱠᱩᱥᱩᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱞ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱤᱢ, ᱠᱩᱭᱞᱤ, ᱢᱤᱨᱩ, ᱠᱚᱠᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱥᱟᱱᱴᱥ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱮᱬᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱷᱚᱴᱟᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱮᱠᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱟᱫᱤᱯ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱴᱷᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱚᱡᱽ ᱯᱨᱟᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱥᱩᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱱᱟ, ᱵᱚᱰᱟ ᱵᱤᱧ, ᱯᱮᱸᱜᱚᱞᱤᱱ, ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ ᱦᱚᱴᱚᱜ ᱜᱤᱦ ᱠᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ

[[File:Palkot Wildlife Sanctuary.jpg|alt=Palkot Wildlife Sanctuary|thumb|ᱯᱟᱞᱠᱚᱴ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱵᱤᱨ]]

=== ᱠᱮᱞᱟᱜᱷᱟᱜᱷ ᱰᱮᱢ ===
ᱠᱮᱞᱟᱜᱷᱟᱜᱷ ᱰᱮᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱷᱤᱸᱫᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱰᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱰᱮᱢ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱮᱧᱮᱞ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱟᱴᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱚᱴᱚᱨᱼᱵᱚᱴᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱸᱜᱟᱼᱥᱮᱞᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱸᱠᱟ ᱣᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱵᱷᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱮᱞᱟᱜᱷᱟᱜᱷ ᱰᱮᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱧᱮᱞ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱤᱸᱜᱩᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱜᱮᱥᱴ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
[[File:Kelaghagh_Dam.jpg|right|frameless|300x300px|ᱠᱮᱞᱟᱜᱷᱟᱜᱷ ᱰᱮᱢ, ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ]]

=== ᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱢ ===
ᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱢ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱷᱚᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱧᱮᱞ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱴᱷᱚᱛᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱠᱮ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱱ ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱛᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽᱣᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱛᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱦᱟ ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱟᱬᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱟᱯ (ᱯᱷᱩᱰ ᱯᱨᱤᱸᱴ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱟᱨᱪᱚᱣᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ (Archaeological) ᱥᱟᱝᱨᱪᱟᱱᱟᱭ (structures) ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱟᱜᱽᱱᱤ ᱠᱩᱸᱰ, ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱫᱩᱠᱟ, ᱥᱤᱛᱟᱹ ᱪᱩᱞᱦᱮ,ᱜᱩᱯᱴ ᱜᱟᱝ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚ ᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱣᱟᱥ ᱯᱮᱨᱤᱭᱚᱰ ᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱩᱱᱤᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱞᱟᱱ (Pursuance) ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱮᱥᱚᱞᱯᱩᱨᱼ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱜᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱦᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾
[[File:Ramrekhadham.jpg|border|right|400x400px|ᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱰᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ]]

=== ᱰᱟᱸᱜᱽᱲᱤ ===
ᱰᱟᱸᱜᱽᱲᱤ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱵᱚᱞᱵᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱵᱷᱤᱥᱤᱴᱚᱨ (visitors) ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱴᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱣ ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱤᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱥᱯᱚᱨᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱔᱕&amp;nbsp;ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱨᱥᱟᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱕&amp;nbsp;ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

=== ᱠᱮᱛᱩᱧᱜᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱢ ===
ᱵᱟᱱᱚ, ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱠᱮ ᱠᱮᱛᱩᱧᱜᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱢ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱠᱛᱤ ᱭᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱴᱷᱟᱵ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ  ᱟᱨᱪᱚᱣᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱨᱣᱮᱭ (ᱮ.ᱮᱥ.ᱟᱭᱤ.) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱫ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱮᱛᱩᱧᱜᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱨᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱴ [[ᱟᱥᱚᱠ]] ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ [[ᱯᱟᱴᱞᱤᱯᱩᱛᱨᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱲ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱢᱩᱨᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾

=== ᱨᱟᱡᱟᱰᱮᱨᱟ ===
ᱨᱟᱡᱟᱰᱮᱨᱟ ᱛᱷᱟᱛᱷᱮᱛᱟᱸᱜᱮᱨ, ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱷᱤᱸᱫᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱚᱥ ᱯᱤᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

=== ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱚ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱯᱟᱦᱟᱲᱤ ===
ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱨᱚ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱯᱟᱦᱟᱲᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱩᱞᱣᱟᱴᱟᱸᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱯᱷᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱮᱧᱮᱞ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱡᱟᱴᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱣ ᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱪᱮ ᱜᱩᱯᱷᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱸᱥᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱞ ᱡᱩᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== 
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

{{ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱪᱷᱚᱴᱟᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ}}
{{Authority control}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱢᱰᱮᱜᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱡᱚᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
      <sha1>20y1wmh42q2ypx1gatkabi2sg319elz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>6151</id>
    <revision>
      <id>193025</id>
      <parentid>173221</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-20T10:46:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>3665</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>193025</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16382" sha1="hszy0cdlx2py4kxprjhwriwgoq7lbgv" xml:space="preserve">{{About|ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱟᱠᱷᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ|ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱟᱨᱥ|ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱼᱪᱩᱸᱪᱩᱲᱟ}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                   = ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
| settlement_type        = [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ|ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| total_type             = ᱜᱩᱴ
| native_name            = 
| image_map              = Hooghly district.svg
| map_caption            = ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱴᱟ.
| coordinates            = 
| coor_pinpoint          = ᱪᱩᱸᱪᱩᱲᱟ
| subdivision_type       = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ
| subdivision_name       = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_type1      = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_name1      = [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]]
| subdivision_type2      = [[Administrative divisions of India|ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ]]
| subdivision_name2      = [[ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ|ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ]]
| established_title      = Established
| established_date       = 
| seat_type              = ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱟᱨᱥ
| seat                   = [[ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱪᱤᱱᱥᱩᱨᱟ|ᱪᱩᱸᱪᱩᱲᱟ]]
| parts_type             = ᱛᱚᱦᱥᱤᱞ
| parts_style            = para
| p1                     = 
| area_total_km2         = ᱓᱑᱔᱙
| area_footnotes         = 
| population_as_of       = ᱒᱐᱑᱑
| population_total       = ᱕᱕᱒᱐᱓᱘᱙
| population_footnotes   = 
| population_urban       = 
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1     = ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ
| demographics1_title1   = [[Literacy in India|ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱞᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ]]
| demographics1_info1    = ᱘᱒.᱕᱕%
| demographics1_title2   = ᱠᱚᱲᱟᱼᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟ. ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱝ
| demographics1_info2    = ᱙᱖᱑
| leader_title           = 
| leader_name            = 
| leader_title1          = [[ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱢᱟᱹᱪᱤ|ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱢᱟ.ᱪᱤᱠᱚ]]
| leader_name1           = [[ Arambag(ᱞᱳᱠ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ)|ᱟᱨᱟᱢᱵᱟᱜ]] (ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱢᱤᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ), [[ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ (ᱞᱳᱠ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ))|ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ]], [[ᱥᱮᱨᱟᱢᱯᱩᱨ (ᱞᱳᱠ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ))|ᱥᱮᱨᱟᱢᱯᱩᱨ]] ( ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱦᱟᱵᱽᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ)
| leader_title2          = [[ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ|ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱢᱟ.ᱪᱤᱠᱚ]]
| leader_name2           = [[Uttarpara (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱯᱟᱲᱟ]], [[Sreerampur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|ᱥᱮᱨᱟᱢᱯᱩᱨ]], [[Champdani (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|ᱪᱟᱸᱯᱫᱟᱱᱤ]], [[Singur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱩᱨ]], [[Chandannagar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱚᱱᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]], [[Chunchura (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|ᱪᱩᱸᱪᱩᱲᱟ]], [[Balagarh (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|ᱵᱚᱞᱟᱜᱚᱲ]], [[Pandua (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|ᱯᱟᱺᱰᱩᱣᱟ.]], [[Saptagram (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|ᱥᱚᱯᱛᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ]], [[Chanditala (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|ᱪᱚᱸᱰᱤᱛᱚᱞᱟ]], [[Jangipara (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|ᱡᱚᱝᱜᱤᱯᱟᱲᱟ]], [[Haripal (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱯᱟᱞ]], [[Dhanekhali (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|ᱫᱷᱚᱱᱮᱠᱷᱟ.ᱞᱤ]], [[Tarakeswar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|ᱛᱟᱨᱠᱮᱥᱚᱨ]], [[Pursurah (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|ᱯᱩᱨᱥᱩᱸᱲᱟ]], [[Arambag (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|ᱟᱨᱟᱢᱵᱟᱜ]], [[Goghat (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|ᱜᱳᱜᱷᱟᱴ]], [[Khanakul (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|ᱠᱷᱟᱱᱟᱠᱩᱞ]]
| timezone1              = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1            = +0᱕:᱓0
| registration_plate     = 
| blank_name_sec1        = [[Indian road network|ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ]]
| blank_info_sec1        = [[National Highway 2 (India)|NH 2]], [[National Highway 6 (India)|NH 6]], [[Grand Trunk Road]]
| blank_name_sec2        = Average annual precipitation
| blank_info_sec2        = ᱑,᱕᱐᱐ mm
| website                = {{url|http://www.hooghly.gov.in}}
}}

'''ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ|ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [[ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚᱯᱛᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ [[ᱪᱩᱸᱪᱩᱲᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟ (᱔) ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱠᱩᱢᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ [[ᱪᱩᱸᱪᱩᱲᱟ]], [[ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]], [[ᱥᱨᱤᱨᱟᱢᱯᱩᱨ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱠᱩᱢᱟ|ᱥᱨᱤᱨᱟᱢᱯᱩᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱨᱟᱢᱵᱟᱜ]] ᱾
[[File:Bandel Basilica.jpg|thumb|ব্যান্ডল গির্জা]]

===ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤ/ᱟᱲᱟᱝ===
{{ Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ &lt;ref name=m&gt;http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html&lt;/ref&gt;.&lt;ref name=censusindia&gt;{{ওয়েব উদ্ধৃতি |ইউআরএল=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language-2011/Part-A.pdf |শিরোনাম=DISTRIBUTION OF THE 22 SCHEDULED LANGUAGES-INDIA/STATES/UNION TERRITORIES - 2011 CENSUS   |সংগ্রহের-তারিখ=29 March 2016  }}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|label1 = ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ |value1 = 87.49 |color1 = Red
|label2 = ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ |value2 = 7.77 |color2 = Orange
|label3 = ᱩᱨᱫᱩ |value3 = 1.72 |color3 = Green
|label4 = ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ |value4 = 2.37
|color4 = Brown 
|label5 = ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ |value5 = 0.65 |color5 = Grey
}}


== ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ==

ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱᱛᱮ ᱤᱝᱨᱮᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱑᱗᱙᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱦᱟᱣᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱜᱤ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱟᱱᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱛᱷᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱝ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱠᱩᱢᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱦᱟ.ᱴᱤᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱑᱘᱔᱓ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱗ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱨᱩᱣᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱦᱤᱞᱳᱜ ᱦᱟᱣᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱥ᱾᱑᱘᱗᱒ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱗ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱜᱷᱟᱴᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱨᱚᱠᱳᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ 
[[File:Imambara of Hooghly.jpg|thumb|ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱤᱢᱟᱢᱵᱟᱲᱟ]]


᱑᱔᱙᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱯᱨᱚᱫᱟᱥ ᱯᱤᱞᱞᱟᱩ ᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ [[ᱢᱚᱱᱚᱥᱟᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞ]] ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ। ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱟ.ᱢ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱢ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ। ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱱᱚᱢ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱛᱮᱠᱳ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ। ᱑᱕᱙᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱟ.ᱵᱩᱞ ᱯᱷᱚᱡᱚᱞ ᱤᱵᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱵᱟᱨᱚᱠ|ᱟ.ᱵᱩᱞ ᱯᱷᱚᱡᱚᱞ]] ᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ ``[[ᱟ.ᱭᱤᱱ-ᱤᱼᱟᱠᱵᱚᱨᱤ]]`` ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱪᱟ ᱥᱟ.ᱦᱤᱪ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ। ᱛᱨᱤᱵᱮᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱯᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱸ ᱢᱚᱥᱡᱤᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱫᱨᱟᱥᱟᱨᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤᱠᱷ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱼᱦᱟ.ᱣ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,᱑᱒᱙᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱠ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ। ᱛᱨᱤᱵᱮᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱛᱜᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱠ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱠ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱟᱨᱥ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱠᱳᱣᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱟᱛᱜᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱴᱟᱠᱥᱟᱞ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ। ᱑᱕᱑᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱥᱟ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱛᱮᱠᱳ ᱵᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ। ᱑᱕᱓᱖ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱞᱛᱟᱱ [[ᱱᱟᱥᱤᱨᱩᱫᱫᱤᱱ ᱢᱟᱢᱩᱫ ᱥᱟᱦ|ᱢᱟᱡᱢᱩᱫ ᱥᱟᱦ]]ᱟᱜ ᱮᱢ ᱥᱚᱱᱚᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱛᱜᱟᱸ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱚᱯᱛᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱥᱟᱠᱚ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ।᱑᱘᱒᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱨᱮ ᱳᱞᱟᱱᱫᱟᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱖᱓᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱨᱮ ᱤᱜᱨᱮᱡᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱵᱟᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱥᱟᱠᱚ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱳᱞᱚᱱᱫᱟᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱵᱟᱵ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱛᱮ ᱪᱩᱸᱪᱩᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱑᱘᱒᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱨᱮ ᱤᱜᱨᱮᱡᱠᱚ ᱪᱩᱸᱪᱩᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾। ᱪᱩᱸᱪᱩᱲᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ [[ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱚᱱᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]] ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱟᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ। ᱑᱙᱕᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒ᱟᱱ ᱢᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱭ ᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱪ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ । ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱮᱨᱟᱢᱯᱩᱨ, ᱯᱩᱪᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ|ᱥᱮᱨᱟᱢᱯᱩᱨ]] ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱑᱗᱕᱕ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱘᱔᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱦᱟ.ᱵᱤᱪ ᱫᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ᱾

ᱠᱟ.ᱣᱰᱤ ᱟ.ᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱕᱐% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱪᱟᱥᱵᱟᱥ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ᱟᱨᱟᱢᱵᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱠᱩᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱝᱜᱤᱯᱟᱲᱟ,ᱯᱟᱺᱰᱩᱣᱟ., ᱫᱷᱚᱱᱮᱠᱷᱟ.ᱞᱤ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱥᱵᱟᱥ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟ,ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱯᱛᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ,ᱵᱮᱱᱰᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱵᱮᱥ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

==ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱱ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱠᱚ==
{{Div col}}
* [[ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱨᱟᱢᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱭ]],ᱩᱱᱚᱵᱤᱝᱥᱚ ᱥᱚᱛᱟᱵᱫᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡ ᱥᱩᱥᱟ.ᱨᱤᱭᱟ.
* [[ᱥᱚᱨᱚᱛᱪᱚᱱᱫᱨᱚ ᱪᱚᱴᱽᱴᱳᱯᱟᱫᱷᱟᱭ]], ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱤᱠ,
* [[ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱛᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱠᱽᱠᱷᱚᱯᱟᱫᱷᱟᱭ]], ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱤᱠ,
* [[ᱥᱚᱥᱚᱫᱷᱚᱨ ᱫᱟᱛᱛᱚ]], ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱛᱛᱤᱠ
* [[ᱚᱡᱚᱭ ᱢᱩᱠᱽᱠᱷᱚᱯᱟᱫᱷᱟᱭ]], ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞᱤᱭᱟ, [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱡᱟᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱨᱮᱥ|ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱡᱟᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱨᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ]] ᱱᱮᱛᱟ। [[ᱯᱩᱪᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ|ᱯᱩᱪᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ]] ᱢᱟᱨᱮ [[পশ্চিমবঙ্গের মুখ্যমন্ত্রী|ᱥᱤᱨᱟ. ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ]]। 
* [[ᱚᱛᱩᱞᱞᱚ ᱜᱷᱳᱥ]],ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟ.ᱞᱤᱭᱟ., [[ভারতীয় জাতীয় কংগ্রেস|ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱡᱟᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱨᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ]] ᱱᱮᱛᱟ, [[লোকসভা|ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ]] ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ।
* [[ᱚᱱᱤᱞ ᱪᱚᱴᱽᱴᱳᱯᱟᱫᱷᱟᱭ]],ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ  [[পশ্চিমবঙ্গ বিধানসভা|ᱯᱩᱪᱪᱷᱤᱢᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ]] ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ।
* [[ᱫᱩᱨᱜᱟᱫᱟᱥ ᱪᱚᱴᱽᱴᱳᱯᱟᱫᱷᱟᱭ]],ᱥᱚᱦᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟ.ᱞᱤᱭᱟ.,
* [[ᱚᱱᱩᱯ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ]], ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱛᱨᱟ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱱᱮᱛᱟ।
* [[ᱚᱥᱳᱠ ᱢᱤᱛᱨᱚ]], ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱜᱚᱱᱚᱱᱟᱛᱚᱛᱛᱚᱵᱤᱫ,ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱟᱥᱚᱠ, ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱡ ᱵᱤᱜᱜᱟᱱᱤ, ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱤᱡ,ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟ.,
{{Div col end}}

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
&lt;ref name=&quot;Chanda 2008&quot;&gt;{{cite web | last=Chanda | first=Devashish | title=West Bengal Hooghly District | website=wb.nic.in | date=2008-04-20 | url=http://www.wb.nic.in/dist/hoog.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080420141753/http://www.wb.nic.in/dist/hoog.html | archive-date=2008-04-20 | url-status=dead | access-date=2019-10-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref name=&quot;We &amp;#124;&quot;&gt;{{cite web | title=We - | website=We &amp;#124; | url=http://hooghly.nic.in/ | access-date=2019-10-10}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==
{{Commons category|ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ}}
{{Commons category|Map of CD Block Hooghly District|Map of CD Blocks in Hooghly District }}
* [http://www.hooghly.gov.in/ Hooghly District official homepage] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001213047/http://hooghly.gov.in/ |date=1 October 2020 }}
* [http://www.wowbengal.com/hooghly Hooghly specific information on West Bengal Portal]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250225001043/http://www.wowbengal.com/hooghly |date=25 February 2025 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090125225855/http://www.calcuttaweb.com/maps/hoogli.shtml Hooghly District map]
* [http://www.hooghlydistrict.info/ Hooghly District information]

{{Geographic location
| Centre    = ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
| North     = [[ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| Northeast = [[ᱱᱚᱫᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| East      = [[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱒᱔ ᱯᱟᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| Southeast = 
| South     = [[ᱦᱟᱣᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| Southwest = 
| West      = [[ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱢᱮᱫᱤᱱᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| Northwest = [[ᱵᱟᱸᱠᱩᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
}}

{{ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ}}
{{ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ}}
{{ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱦᱩᱜᱽᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|*]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱢᱟᱞᱮ</title>
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      <text bytes="9607" sha1="rot2f83eb7i7kxgumal2zfx6g0ujvwz" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name = ᱢᱟᱞᱮ
| official_name = ᱢᱟᱞᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ
| native_name = މާލެ
| native_name_lang = dv
| image_skyline = Mal%C3%A9.jpg
| imagesize = 270px
| image_caption = Aerial view of the whole of Malé proper on the eponymous island
| image_alt = 
| pushpin_map = Maldives#Asia
| pushpin_mapsize = 150
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of Malé in the Maldives
| pushpin_map_alt = 
| pushpin_label_position = 
| coordinates = {{coord|4|10|31|N|73|30|32|E|region:MV|display=it}}
| subdivision_type = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ
| subdivision_name = {{flag|ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱯ}}
| subdivision_type1 = Geographic atoll
| subdivision_name1 = [[ᱠᱟᱯᱷᱩ ᱟᱴᱳᱞ|ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱢᱟᱞᱮ ᱟᱴᱳᱞ]]
| leader_title = [[ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ]]
| leader_name = [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱢᱢᱚᱫ ᱢᱟᱣᱡᱤ]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Ex-Housing Minister elected as Malé City Mayor |url=https://avas.mv/en/98398 |website=avas.mv |access-date=3 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; ([[Progressive Party of Maldives|PPM]])
| leader_title1 = [[ᱰᱮᱯᱩᱴᱤ ᱢᱣᱭᱚᱨ]]
| leader_name1 = ᱟᱦᱢᱮᱫ ᱱᱟᱨᱮᱥ
| area_total_km2 = 11.22
| area_urban_km2 = 1.95
| area_metro_km2 = 9.27
| area_note = ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱳ ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ [[ᱦᱩᱞᱦᱩᱞᱮ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱦᱩᱞᱦᱩᱢᱟᱞᱮ]].
| length_km = 
| width_km = 
| elevation_m = 2.4
| population_total = ᱒᱑᱒᱑᱓᱘
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_as_of = ᱒᱐᱒᱒
| population_footnotes = &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2022 Census Provisional Results |url=https://census.gov.mv/2022/provisional-results/ |access-date=2023-04-01 |website=census.gov.mv |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| postal_code_type = Assigned Letter
| postal_code = T
| area_code = 331, 332, 333, 334
| area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in the Maldives|Area code(s)]]
| iso_code = MV-MLE
| website = {{URL|https://malecity.gov.mv/en|malecity.gov.mv}}
| governing_body = ᱢᱟᱞᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱭᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ
| government_type = [[ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱭᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ]]
| population_density_sq_mi = auto
}}

'''ᱢᱟᱞᱮ''' ˈmɑːleɪ/′) {{IPA-all|ˈmaːle|locally}}{{IPA-all|ˈmaːle|locally}} ([[ᱫᱷᱤᱵᱮᱦᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱫᱷᱤᱵᱮᱦᱤ]]ᱺ މާލެ) ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱯ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾  ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱒,᱕᱒,᱗᱖᱘ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱟᱨ {{Convert|8.30|km2|}} ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Malé City's land use plan 2021 |url=https://avas.mv/en/110613 |access-date=15 April 2023 |website=avas.mv}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=The population density of Malé |url=https://www.environment.gov.mv/v2/download/73/ |access-date=29 May 2022 |website=environment.gov.mv |publisher=Ministry of Environment, Climate Change and Technology |archive-date=14 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240314141317/https://www.environment.gov.mv/v2/wp-content/files/pemphis/20150304-pemphis-49-feb2015.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Population explosion; a major environmental issue in Male' |url=http://ecocare.mv/population-explosion-a-major-environmental-issue-in-male%E2%80%99/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303135551/http://ecocare.mv/population-explosion-a-major-environmental-issue-in-male%E2%80%99/ |archive-date=3 March 2012 |access-date=23 May 2015 |website=ECOCARE Maldives}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱢᱟᱞᱮ ᱮᱴᱳᱞ (ᱠᱟᱯᱷᱩ ᱮᱴᱳᱞ) ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Silver Marlin, Maldives - About Maldives |url=http://www.silvermarlin.mv/about-maldives.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20151105234701/http://www.silvermarlin.mv/about-maldives.html |archive-date=5 November 2015 |access-date=23 May 2015 |website=www.silvermarlin.mv}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱰᱷᱤᱯ, ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱰᱷᱤᱯ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱞᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱥᱚᱫ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨᱛᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱳᱱ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱰᱷᱤᱯ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ 

ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱰᱷᱤᱯ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱞ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱛᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Naseema Mohamed |title=Names of Maldives |url=http://www.qaumiyyath.gov.mv/docs/whitepapers/history/Names%20of%20Maldives.pdf |access-date=23 May 2015 |website=www.qaumiyyath.gov.mv}}&lt;cite class=&quot;citation web cs1&quot; data-ve-ignore=&quot;true&quot; id=&quot;CITEREFNaseema_Mohamed&quot;&gt;Naseema Mohamed. &lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨ (ᱰᱳᱨᱳᱥᱤ) ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱲᱼᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱙᱖᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱯᱟᱴ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱤᱵᱨᱟᱦᱟᱢ ᱱᱟᱥᱤᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱲᱦᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱯᱨᱟᱥᱟᱫᱽ (ᱜᱟᱱ ' ᱰᱩᱵᱚᱨᱩ) ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱲ (ᱠᱳᱥᱤ) ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱥᱴᱤᱭᱚᱱᱥ (ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱡᱩ) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱥᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ , ᱢᱟᱞᱮ ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱭᱰᱟᱭ ᱢᱚᱥᱡᱤᱫᱽ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱭᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱛ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱰᱷᱤᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱸᱫᱳᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

==ᱚᱯᱫᱟ ᱠᱚ==
ᱢᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱱᱟᱢᱤ, ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱩᱱᱟᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ| ᱒᱙ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱞᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱠᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱷᱮᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱠᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ|
==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ==
ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱯᱟᱲᱟ ᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱜᱨᱩᱯ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ, ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱣᱮᱥ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ| ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱣᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ  ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱫᱤ ᱢᱮᱞ ᱫᱤᱣᱟᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱭᱤᱞᱮᱱᱰ(&quot;the islands (dives) of Malé&quot;)|

ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱣᱮᱥ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱮᱞᱴᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱰᱨᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ| ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱟᱲᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱮᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]]ᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱥᱴᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱞᱚᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱵᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱮᱱᱟ| ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱣᱮᱥᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ- ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ, ᱚᱨᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ,ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱷᱚᱞᱠ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱰᱨᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱩᱣᱮᱱᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱭᱮᱸᱴ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱣᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱥᱟᱭᱴᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱢᱟᱞᱮ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ,ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮᱹ ᱜᱤᱨᱟᱣᱚᱨᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱜᱤᱨᱟᱣᱚᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱣᱟ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱡᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱥᱮᱞᱴᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱞᱰᱤᱣᱮᱥ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾

==ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞᱢᱮ==
[[ᱢᱟᱞᱫᱤᱣᱮᱥ]]
==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱡᱟᱢᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ</title>
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      <text bytes="12421" sha1="brmb4bmjmlef5h469oc07ot35v32kt7" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name = ᱡᱟᱢᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ
| native_name =
| other_name =
| settlement_type = ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ
| image_skyline = Lakhota_Tower_in_evening_by_Rangilo.JPG
| imagesize =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Lakhota Lake
| nickname = Jewel of Kathiawar, Paris of Saurashtra, Oil city, Brass city, Chhota Kashi, Halar
| pushpin_map = India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Gujarat, India
| coordinates = {{coord|22.47|N|70.07|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Gujarat]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of regions of India|Region]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Saurashtra (region)|Saurashtra]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[ᱡᱟᱢᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱡᱟᱢᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]]
| established_title = Established in
| established_date = 1540 A.D.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.mcjamnagar.com/&lt;/ref&gt;
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–Council]]
| governing_body = ᱡᱟᱢᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Pratibha Kankhara &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://gstv.in/79-headlines/4577-six-municipal-corporations-of-gujarat-get-new-mayors-and-office-bearers.html |title=Six Municipal Corporations of Gujarat Get New Mayors &amp; Office Bearers |date=14 December 2015 |publisher=GSTV }}{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| leader_title1 = Municipal Commissioner
| leader_name1 = Shree R.B.Barad&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.mcjamnagar.com/commissioner-details.asp |title=Archived copy |accessdate=25 January 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150423011024/http://www.mcjamnagar.com/commissioner-details.asp |archivedate=23 April 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Amdavad city |url=http://www.egovamc.com/AhmCity/introduction_Eng.aspx |work=[[Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation]] |accessdate=20 June 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130627122123/http://www.egovamc.com/AhmCity/introduction_Eng.aspx |archivedate=27 June 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| area_total_km2 = 125
| area_rank = 5
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 17
| population_total = 479920
&lt;ref name=&quot;census2011.co.in&quot;&gt;http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/328-jamnagar.html&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_as_of = 2011 census
| population_density_km2 = 5780
| population_demonym = Jamnagari
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], [[Kutchi language|Kutchi]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]], English
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = ᱓᱖᱑ ᱐᱐᱑-᱐᱖
| area_code_type = ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱳᱰ
| area_code = ᱐᱒᱘᱘
| registration_plate = GJ-10
| blank2_name_sec1 = ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ
| blank2_info_sec1 = ᱘᱒.᱕᱘%(᱒᱐᱑᱑)
| website = {{URL|www.mcjamnagar.com}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''ᱡᱟᱢᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ''' ({{audio|Jamnagar.ogg|ᱩᱪᱟᱨᱚᱱ}}) ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤᱢ [[ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ]] ᱜᱷᱟᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ [[ᱡᱟᱢᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱟᱹᱯᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ [[ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ]], [[ᱥᱩᱨᱚᱛ]], [[ᱵᱚᱰᱳᱫᱚᱨᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱠᱚᱴ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ 

ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱦᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱪ ᱮᱪ ᱡᱟᱢ ᱨᱚᱱᱡᱤᱛ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱒᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱤᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ  ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ ᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱤᱜᱽᱵᱤᱡᱚᱭ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱑᱙᱔᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱪ ᱩᱯᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟ ᱾ [[ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱓᱗ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱝᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾  

[[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱨᱤᱞᱟᱭᱮᱱᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥᱴᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱱᱚᱰᱮ ᱡᱟᱢᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱯᱷᱟᱭᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱟᱢᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱟᱵᱽᱫᱤ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾  ᱱᱟᱭᱟᱨᱟ ᱮᱱᱚᱨᱡᱤ ᱨᱤᱯᱷᱟᱭᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱨᱤᱯᱷᱟᱭᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱦᱚᱫᱤᱱᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.hydrocarbons-technology.com/projects/essar/ |title=Essar Oil Refinery, Vadinar, Gujarat |publisher=Hydrocarbons Technology |accessdate=22 June 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; 


==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ==
[[File:Ranjitsinhji.jpg|thumb|upright|ᱱᱟᱣᱟᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱟᱦᱮᱵᱽ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱᱡᱤᱛᱥᱤᱝᱡᱤ]]
[[File:Flag of Nawanagar.png|thumb|Flag of the Princely State of [[Nawanagar State|Nawanagar]]]]
ᱱᱟᱣᱟᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱕᱔᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱢ ᱨᱟᱣᱟᱞ ᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author1=Rosemary Crill|author2=Kapil Jariwala|title=The Indian Portrait, 1560–1860|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ongF6dkNKAcC|year=2010|publisher=Mapin Publishing Pvt Ltd|isbn=978-81-89995-37-9|page=88}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱡᱟᱢᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ (the new town) ᱾ ᱥᱚᱣᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱤᱞᱟᱹᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱨᱩᱛᱯᱩᱨᱩᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱚᱝᱥᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱥᱟᱸᱭ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱚ [[ᱢᱚᱛᱷᱩᱨᱟ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱢᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱫᱣᱟᱨᱚᱠᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ 

[[File:Ranjitsinh.jpeg|320x240px|thumbnail|Picture of Ranjitsinhji, celebrated cricketer and Maharaja of Nawanagar.]]

==ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ==
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱚᱝᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱢᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱔᱗᱙,᱙᱒᱐ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱢᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱷᱭᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱘᱒ᱹ᱑᱔% ᱾ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱦᱤ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱘᱖ᱹ᱙᱐% ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱦᱤ ᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱗᱗ᱹ᱐᱕% ᱾ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱑᱐% ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/328-jamnagar.html Jamnagar City Census 2011 data]&lt;/ref&gt; ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱕᱓% ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱗% ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱚᱝᱥᱟᱨ ᱑᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱓᱙ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾

==ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ==
==ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ==
==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ==
==ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ==
{{Weather box
|metric first=yes
|single line=yes
|location=ᱡᱟᱢᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ
|temperature colour=pastel
|Jan record high C=36
|Feb record high C=38
|Mar record high C=44
|Apr record high C=45
|May record high C=47
|Jun record high C=46
|Jul record high C=40
|Aug record high C=39
|Sep record high C=41
|Oct record high C=43
|Nov record high C=40
|Dec record high C=38

|Jan high C=26.5
|Feb high C=28.8
|Mar high C=33
|Apr high C=35.6
|May high C=36.4
|Jun high C=35.9
|Jul high C=32.3
|Aug high C=31.5
|Sep high C=32
|Oct high C=34.5
|Nov high C=32.4
|Dec high C=28

|Jan mean C=18.6
|Feb mean C=20.9
|Mar mean C=25.4
|Apr mean C=28.6
|May mean C=30.9
|Jun mean C=31.4
|Jul mean C=29.2
|Aug mean C=28.4
|Sep mean C=27.9
|Oct mean C=28
|Nov mean C=24.3
|Dec mean C=20.1

|Jan low C=9.7
|Feb low C=13.8
|Mar low C=17.8
|Apr low C=21.6
|May low C=25.4
|Jun low C=27
|Jul low C=26.2
|Aug low C=25.4
|Sep low C=23.9
|Oct low C=20.7
|Nov low C=14.7
|Dec low C=11.4

|Jan record low C=1
|Feb record low C=1
|Mar record low C=9
|Apr record low C=13
|May record low C=18
|Jun record low C=20
|Jul record low C=10
|Aug record low C=12
|Sep record low C=16
|Oct record low C=11
|Nov record low C=8
|Dec record low C=1

|precipitation colour=green
|Jan precipitation mm=1
|Feb precipitation mm=1
|Mar precipitation mm=0
|Apr precipitation mm=0
|May precipitation mm=5
|Jun precipitation mm=61
|Jul precipitation mm=213
|Aug precipitation mm=126
|Sep precipitation mm=64
|Oct precipitation mm=11
|Nov precipitation mm=4
|Dec precipitation mm=1

|source 1= ''Climate-Data.org'' (altitude: 23m),&lt;ref name=&quot;Climate-Data.org&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Climate: Jamnagar – Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table |url=http://en.climate-data.org/location/764419/ |publisher=Climate-Data.org |accessdate=5 January 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''Voodoo Skies'' for record temperatures

|source 2= [http://www.weatherforecastmap.com/india/jamnagar Jamnagar Weather]

|date = June 2012

}}

==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ==
==ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ==
==ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ==
==ᱡᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱣᱟᱜ==
==ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱭᱟ==
==ᱠᱷᱮᱞ==
==ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ==

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
* [http://www.jamnagargidc.com Directory of Jamnagar GIDC] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210423104005/https://www.jamnagargidc.com/ |date=2021-04-23 }}
* [http://www.jamnagar.org Tourist information about Jamnagar]
* [http://www.jamnagarbirds.com Birds picture and information in Jamnagar] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721223803/http://www.jamnagarbirds.com/ |date=2019-07-21 }}
* [http://www.jamnagartransportco.com Jamnagar Transport]
* [http://www.nawanagar.com Jamnagar formally known as Nawanagar] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180309222501/http://www.nawanagar.com/ |date=2018-03-09 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080509090036/http://www.harilalupadhyay.org/bookdetails/NavanagarNa_Narbanka.htm NavaNagarNa NarBanka] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20080509123544/http://www.harilalupadhyay.org/bookdetails/RajSattaNa_Rang.htm RajSattaNa Rang] – Books exploring History of Jamnagar
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110721181710/http://www.waders.in/site/index.php?option=com_content&amp;task=view&amp;id=1326&amp;Itemid=29 Birds and Wildlife in Jamnagar] [http://www.jamnagar.org/birding.htm www.jamnagar.org/birding.htm]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20210516000429/http://gallery.wildone.in/gallery/marine-creatures Images Gulf of Kutch Marine National Park in Jamnagar]
* [[Amrapur, Jamnagar, Gujarat|Amrapur-A village in Janmagar]]
* [http://india.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/07/29/a-reunion-for-war-survivors-who-escaped-to-india Polish War Survivors during WWII in Nawanagar]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ᱥᱚᱨᱡᱩᱵᱟᱲᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ</title>
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      <text bytes="8890" sha1="n3pdqw1117cxdzplcunxm727m3lei1m" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Indian boxer}}{{Infobox person
| name               = ᱥᱚᱨᱡᱩᱵᱟᱲᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ
| image              = 
| alt                = 
| caption            = 
| birth_name         = ᱥᱟᱢᱡᱤᱛᱥᱟᱵᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱨᱩᱡᱵᱟᱲᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ
| birth_date         = ᱑ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱙᱙᱓
| birth_place        = [[ᱱᱚᱱᱜᱯᱳᱠ ᱞᱚᱣᱳᱨᱮᱢᱵᱟᱢ]],  [[ᱛᱷᱟᱣᱳᱵᱟᱞ]], [[ᱢᱚᱬᱤᱯᱩᱨ]], [[ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ]]
| residence          = {{flag|India}}
| nationality        = [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]]ᱤᱭᱚ
| other_names        = 
| citizenship        = [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]]ᱤᱭᱚ
| occupation         = [[Amateur boxing|ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱟᱨ]] ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ-ᱟᱜ ᱔᱘ ᱠᱤᱞᱳ
| known_for          = Light Welter-weight (᱔᱘ ᱠᱤᱞᱳ)
}}
{{MedalTableTop|name=no|medals={{MedalSport | ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ-ᱟᱜ [[amateur boxing|ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱤᱝ]] }}
{{MedalCountry | {{IND}} }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[AIBA Women's World Boxing Championships|ᱣᱟᱨᱞᱰ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ]] }}
{{MedalSilver | [[᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱟ.ᱤ.ᱵ.ᱟ. ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟ. ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ|᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱡᱤᱡᱳ]] | [[2014 AIBA Women's World Boxing Championships – Light flyweight|Light flyweight]] }}}}

'''ᱥᱚᱨᱡᱩᱵᱟᱲᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱙᱙᱓) ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱚᱬᱤᱯᱩᱨ]], ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱨᱤᱭᱳ ᱚᱞᱚᱢᱯᱤᱠ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Sarjubala bows out of Sr Women's National boxing Championship|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/boxing/Sarjubala-bows-out-of-Sr-Womens-National-boxing-Championship/articleshow/17402662.cms|accessdate=24 July 2014|newspaper=The Times of India|date=28 Nov 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/boxing/rio-olympics-2016-lack-boxing-federation-hurt-indian-women-boxers|title=Rio Olympics 2016: Lack of a boxing federation has hurt the Indian women boxers|date=2016-05-25|access-date=2018-11-17|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ᱥᱚᱨᱩᱡᱵᱟᱲᱟ [[ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ]] ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱥᱟᱹᱵᱤᱛ ᱞᱮᱱ [[ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ:ᱟ.ᱤ.ᱵ.ᱟ. ᱭᱩᱛᱷ ᱣᱟᱨᱞᱰ ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱤᱝ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ|ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱤᱝ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ]] ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱵᱚᱞᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱣᱟᱰ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱨᱮ [[ᱚᱞᱚᱢᱯᱤᱠ ᱜᱳᱞᱰ ᱠᱣᱮᱥᱴ (Olympic Gold Quest)]], ᱥᱚᱨᱩᱡᱵᱟᱲᱟ ᱥᱟᱯᱚᱴ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱢᱚᱛᱚ ᱞᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref name=&quot;zn&quot;&gt;{{cite news|title=OGQ to support youth world champion boxer Sarjubala Devi|url=http://zeenews.india.com/sports/others/ogq-to-support-youth-world-champion-boxer-sarjubala-devi_737182.html|accessdate=24 July 2014|agency=Zee News|date=7 February 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱮᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ]] ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱠᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/asian-games-2018-with-tweaked-boxing-style-golden-girl-sarjubala-devi-wants-to-make-up-for-cwg-heartbreak-4963451.html|title=Asian Games 2018: With tweaked boxing style, 'golden girl' Sarjubala Devi wants to make up for CWG heartbreak - Firstpost|website=www.firstpost.com|access-date=2018-11-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱣ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱔᱘ ᱠᱤᱞᱳ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱤᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱕᱑ ᱠᱤᱞᱳ ᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt; ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱤᱝ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱰᱟᱞ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱨᱩᱡᱵᱟᱲᱟ ᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱥᱴ ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱣᱟᱰ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiaboxing.in/boxerdetails.php?regno=7203|title=Indian Boxing Federation Boxer Details|website=www.indiaboxing.in|access-date=2018-11-17|archive-date=2018-11-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181117151453/http://www.indiaboxing.in/boxerdetails.php?regno=7203|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ==
ᱥᱚᱨᱡᱩᱵᱟᱲᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱬᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱱᱜᱯᱳᱠ ᱞᱚᱣᱳᱨᱮᱢᱵᱟᱢ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱝᱜᱮᱡ ᱪᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱜᱚᱜᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱷᱳᱭᱵᱤ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ ᱾ &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[ᱢᱮᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ]]-ᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ,ᱠᱟᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱠᱚᱰ,ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱜᱚᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱟᱱᱡᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱤᱝ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱛᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱡᱩᱵᱟᱲᱟ [[ᱤᱢᱯᱷᱟᱞ]] ᱮᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱜᱟᱲ [[ᱥᱯᱳᱴᱥ ᱚᱛᱷᱚᱨᱤᱴᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=How Manipur’s Punching its Way Out of North East Box |url=http://epaper.timesofindia.com/Default/Layout/Includes/ETNEW/ArtWin.asp?From=Archive&amp;Skin=ETNEW&amp;BaseHref=ETM%2F2012%2F08%2F12&amp;ViewMode=HTML&amp;EntityId=Ar02300&amp;AppName=1 |accessdate=24 July 2014 |newspaper=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱥᱚᱨᱡᱩᱵᱟᱲᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱯᱟᱹ ᱢᱮᱰᱟᱞ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱵ-ᱡᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱣᱟᱨᱞᱰ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ &lt;ref name=&quot;zn&quot; /&gt; ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱡᱩᱵᱟᱲᱟ ᱥᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱑᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱵᱚᱠᱥᱤᱝ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ [[᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱨᱤᱭᱳ ᱚᱞᱚᱢᱯᱤᱠ]] ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱡᱩᱵᱟᱲᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ-ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱱᱟᱞ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱯᱟᱨᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱩᱵᱟᱲᱟ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ [[2018 Asian Games|᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱮᱟᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱢᱥ]] ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ [[ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱝ ᱭᱩᱣᱟᱱ|ᱪᱟᱝ ᱭᱩᱣᱟᱱ]] ᱥᱟᱝ ᱠᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ-ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱱᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱤᱰᱩᱠ ᱥᱟᱦᱟ ᱭᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/asian-games-2018/asian-games-asian-games-2018-live-score-and-updates-india-women-look-to-make-it-to-hockey-final/story-QjwAoBufUFPWqC7PxIdozK.html#highlight42|title=Asian Games 2018 day 11 as it happened: Arpinder, Swapna bag gold, India women book hockey final berth|date=2018-08-29|work=https://www.hindustantimes.com/|access-date=2018-11-17|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Devi, Sarjubala}}
[[Category:Indian women boxers]]
[[Category:1993 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Sportswomen from Manipur]]
[[Category:AIBA Women's World Boxing Championships medalists]]
[[Category:People from Thoubal district]]
[[Category:Boxers from Manipur]]
[[Category:Boxers at the 2018 Asian Games]]
[[Category:Asian Games competitors for India]]

{{India-boxing-bio-stub}}</text>
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    <title>ᱟᱧᱡᱟᱞᱤ ᱜᱚᱯᱟᱞᱟᱱ</title>
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| name        = ᱟᱧᱡᱟᱞᱤ ᱜᱚᱯᱟᱞᱟᱱ
| image       = Anjali Gopalan.jpg
| caption     = ᱜᱚᱯᱟᱞᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱟ ᱒᱐᱐᱙
| birth_date  = {{Birth date and age|1957|9|1|df=y}} &lt;br&gt;[[Madras]], [[Madras State]], [[India]]&lt;ref name=&quot;world-citizenship.org&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://word.world-citizenship.org/wp-archive/1785|title=World People's Blog|accessdate=20 March 2015|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402110617/http://word.world-citizenship.org/wp-archive/1785|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| occupation  = LGBT rights activist,&lt;ref&gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8130052.stm Activists welcome India gay ruling] ''[[BBC]]''  3 July 2009 06:55 UK&lt;/ref&gt; Executive Director of The [[Naz Foundation (India) Trust]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nazindia.org/about.htm About Naz India ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140922055221/http://www.nazindia.org/about.htm |date=22 September 2014 }}'' [[Naz Foundation (India) Trust]]'' retrieved 14 May 2012&lt;/ref&gt;
| awards      = Chevalier de la Legion d'Honneur 
| nationality = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]]n
| education   = 
| alma_mater  = 
}}
ᱟᱧᱡᱟᱞᱤ ᱜᱚᱯᱟᱞᱟᱱ (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢᱺ ᱑ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱟᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱕᱗) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱣᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱞᱹᱡᱤᱹᱵᱤᱹᱴᱤ ᱜᱟᱛᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱱᱟᱡᱽ ᱯᱷᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱱᱫᱷᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱡᱽ ᱯᱷᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ, ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ, ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱞᱹᱡᱤᱹᱵᱤᱹᱴᱤᱹ ᱜᱟᱛᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱭᱰᱥ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱵᱷᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱭ ᱾

==ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ==
ᱟᱧᱡᱟᱞᱤ ᱜᱚᱯᱟᱞᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱕᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱱᱟᱰᱩ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱯᱟᱛ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱨᱹ ᱠᱮᱹ ᱟᱨᱹ ᱜᱚᱯᱟᱞᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱳᱨᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱜᱽᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱮᱯᱴᱮᱭᱱ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱮᱝᱜᱟᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱧᱡᱟᱞᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱠᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ, ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱰᱤ ᱥᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱯᱷᱚᱨ ᱣᱩᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ (ᱥᱚᱱᱮᱨ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ) ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱣᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱞ ᱱᱮᱦᱨᱩ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱨᱱᱟᱞᱤᱡᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱳᱥᱴ ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱡᱩᱣᱮᱴ ᱰᱤᱯᱞᱚᱢᱟᱭ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾

==ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ==
ᱟᱧᱡᱟᱞᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱢᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱱᱤᱣ ᱭᱚᱨᱠ ᱨᱮ  ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱱ-ᱥᱟᱠᱟᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱡᱽ ᱯᱷᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱸᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱡᱽ ᱯᱷᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱭᱰᱥ ᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ, ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱞᱹᱡᱤᱹᱵᱤᱹᱴᱤᱹ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱟᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱮᱪᱹᱟᱭᱹᱵᱷᱤᱹ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱤᱠ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱮᱪᱹᱟᱭᱹᱵᱷᱤᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ==

ᱟᱧᱡᱟᱞᱤ ᱜᱚᱯᱟᱞᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱡᱟᱹᱛᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱣᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱭᱰᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱯᱟᱥᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱫᱽ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱜᱽᱭᱟᱱᱟᱱᱫᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚᱱᱟᱭᱚᱭ ᱯᱟᱥᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱦᱤᱞ ᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱭᱤᱨ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱤᱰ ᱯᱟᱨᱮᱰ  ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱩᱨᱤᱝ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵ ᱮ ᱩᱰᱦᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ</title>
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      <text bytes="9310" sha1="eg1c1brcmdgmm6cb1y6i9d8b4bsfslg" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox language
| name = ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ
| nativename = मैथिली / 𑒧𑒻𑒟𑒱𑒪𑒲
| image = {{Photomontage|position=center
| photo2a = Maithili.svg
| photo1a = Maithili word in Tirhuta script.jpg
   | size = 200
   | spacing = 2
   | color = 
   | border = 0
   | foot_montage =}}
| imagesize = 
| imagecaption = '''ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ''' 
ᱚᱞ ᱛᱤᱨᱦᱩᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱫᱮᱵᱽᱱᱟᱜᱽᱨᱤ]] ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮ
| states = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ]]
| nation = {{IND|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ}} (ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱘ ᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ, [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/news/ranchi/jharkhand-raghubar-das-cabinet-decision-maithili-bhojpuri-angika-magahi-second-language/1135878.html |title=झारखंड : रघुवर कैबिनेट से मगही, भोजपुरी, मैथिली व अंगिका को द्वितीय भाषा का दर्जा |accessdate=21 March 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321180643/https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/news/ranchi/jharkhand-raghubar-das-cabinet-decision-maithili-bhojpuri-angika-magahi-second-language/1135878.html |archivedate=21 March 2018  }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| region = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]];&lt;ref name=&quot;Archived copy&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://khabar.ndtv.com/news/india/prakash-javadekar-likely-to-call-meeting-of-experts-to-promote-maithili-script-1826774 |title=मैथिली लिपि को बढ़ावा देने के लिए विशेषज्ञों की जल्द ही बैठक बुला सकते हैं प्रकाश जावड़ेकर |accessdate=21 March 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321192835/https://khabar.ndtv.com/news/india/prakash-javadekar-likely-to-call-meeting-of-experts-to-promote-maithili-script-1826774 |archivedate=21 March 2018  }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;m.livehindustan.com&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/jharkhand/story-maithili-will-get-second-state-language-status-in-jharkhand-1835624.html|title=मैथिली को भी मिलेगा दूसरी राजभाषा का दर्जा|website=Hindustan|accessdate=3 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱮᱞ ᱑]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱮᱞ ᱒]]
| ethnicity = [[ᱢᱮᱤᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ|ᱢᱮᱤᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ]]
| speakers = ᱑᱓.᱕᱘ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ
| date = 
| ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;2001Stm1&quot;&gt;[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/%28S%282scoev45b4mhlg45mz5jq345%29%29/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/Statement1.aspx Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues – 2000], Census of India, 2001&lt;/ref&gt;
| speakers2 = {{sigfig|3.1|2}} ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ&lt;ref&gt;http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/wphc/Nepal/Nepal-Census-2011-Vol1.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;
| map = Maithili region.jpg
| familycolor = Indo-European
| fam1 = [[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ|ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]
| fam2 = [[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]
| fam3 = [[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱟᱨᱡᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱟᱨᱡᱚ]]
| fam4 = ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱥᱮᱱᱟᱜ
| fam5 = [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ]]
| script = ᱛᱤᱨᱦᱩᱛᱟ (ᱢᱤᱛᱷᱤᱞᱟᱚᱠᱠᱷᱚᱨ)&lt;br /&gt;ᱠᱚᱭᱛᱷᱤ (ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ ᱨᱩᱯ)&lt;br /&gt;[[ᱫᱮᱵᱽᱱᱟᱜᱽᱨᱤ]] (ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ)
| dia1 = ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱱ (ᱥᱳᱛᱤᱯᱩᱨᱟ)
| dia3 = [[ᱱᱟᱡᱽᱡᱤᱠᱟ]]&lt;ref name=&quot;ethnologue.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/mai/17 |title=Maithili |accessdate=1 June 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730151525/https://www.ethnologue.com/language/mai/17 |archivedate=30 July 2017  }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://multitree.org/codes/mai-baj|title=Bajjika - MultiTree|website=multitree.org|accessdate=6 March 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; (ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱟ)&lt;ref&gt;https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/census/documents/Nepal/Nepal-Census-2011-Vol1.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;
| dia4 = ᱢᱟᱫᱷᱩᱨ{{cn|date=October 2018}}
| dia5 = ᱡᱳᱞᱦᱟᱱ
| dia6 = ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱱ
| dia7 = ᱠᱷᱳᱨᱛᱷᱟ
| dia2 = ᱛᱷᱮᱛᱷᱤ
| dia8 = 
| iso2 = mai
| iso3 = mai
| glotto = mait1250
| glottorefname = ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ
| mapcaption = ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱡᱟᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ
}}

'''ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ''' (मैथिली) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱱᱫᱳ-ᱟᱨᱡᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ [[ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱨᱟᱭ ᱚᱱᱪᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/NP/languages|title=Nepal|work=Ethnologue|access-date=17 July 2018|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Sah2013&gt;{{cite journal |author=Sah, K. K. |year=2013 |title=Some perspectives on Maithili |journal=Nepalese Linguistics |issue=28 |pages=179–188 |url=}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ==
᱒᱐᱙᱓ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ, ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱾

ᱭᱩᱯᱤᱮᱥᱥᱤ ᱵᱤᱱᱤᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱚᱯᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱯᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=झारखंड : रघुवर कैबिनेट से मगही, भोजपुरी, मैथिली व अंगिका को द्वितीय भाषा का दर्जा |url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/jharkhand/ranchi/1135878 |access-date=6 February 2021 |work=Prabhat Khabar |date=21 March 2018 |language=hi}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ==


==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱝ==


==ᱚᱞ==


==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{Commons category|ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ}}
{{wikivoyage|Maithili phrasebook}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101230084755/http://www.lmp.ucla.edu/Profile.aspx?menu=004&amp;LangID=199 UCLA Language Materials Project : Maithili]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130320114235/http://www.ntm.org.in/languages/maithili/default_maithili.asp National Translation Mission's (NTM) Maithili Pages]
* [http://www.videha.co.in/ Videha Ist Maithili]
* [https://sites.google.com/a/videha.com/videha-pothi/ Maithili Books] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126202422/https://sites.google.com/a/videha.com/videha-pothi/ |date=2021-01-26 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130908063356/http://www.udbodhana.com/ Udbodhana Regd International e journal]

{{Authority control}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ| ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱤᱛᱷᱤᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱟᱨᱡᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱨᱟᱦᱢᱤᱠ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱫᱮᱵᱽᱱᱟᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ]]

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱡᱤᱣᱟᱹᱞᱤ</title>
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'''ᱡᱤᱣᱟᱹᱞᱤ''' ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱠᱮᱱᱫᱨᱠ ᱡᱤᱵ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱜᱚᱥᱴᱤ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ '''ᱮᱱᱤᱢᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ''' ᱵᱟᱝᱛᱮ '''ᱢᱮᱴᱟᱦᱩᱭᱟ''' ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ [[ᱡᱤᱣᱟᱹᱞᱤ]] ᱜᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱛᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱣᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱩᱢᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱣᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱜᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱜᱟ ᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱸᱥ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱟᱜᱩᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ-ᱠᱤᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟ᱾
ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱝ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱣᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱕᱔᱒ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [[ᱠᱮᱢᱵᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] ᱵᱚᱜᱚᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ [[ᱚᱠᱛᱚ]] [[ᱯᱷᱚᱥᱥᱤᱞ]] (fossil) ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱤᱣᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱣᱟᱹᱞᱤ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱠᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱜᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
== ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==
* [http://tolweb.org/ Tree of Life Project]
* [http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/index.html Animal Diversity Web] – University of Michigan's database of animals, showing taxonomic classification, images, and other information.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160427162729/http://www.arkive.org/ ARKive] – multimedia database of worldwide endangered/protected species and common species of UK.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071007142953/http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa006&amp;articleID=000DC8B8-EA15-137C-AA1583414B7F0000 Scientific American Magazine (December 2005 Issue) – Getting a Leg Up on Land] About the evolution of four-limbed animals from fish.
* [http://siteslist.vkhoria.co.in/search/label/Animals List of sites on animals.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170627123532/http://siteslist.vkhoria.co.in/search/label/Animals |date=2017-06-27 }}

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
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      <text bytes="7716" sha1="in7ns86o0s22mt8b386dcgijwp1zr9b" xml:space="preserve">'''ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱽᱴᱟᱣᱩᱱ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟ]] ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ  ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱪᱚᱞ ᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱮᱢᱮᱨᱟᱨᱟ-ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱭᱠᱟ ᱚᱱᱪᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ [[ᱟᱴᱞᱟᱱᱴᱤᱠ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱰᱮᱢᱮᱨᱟᱨᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱟᱨᱮᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ &quot;ᱜᱟᱨᱰᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱫᱟ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟᱱ&quot;(ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ) ᱦᱚᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱒0᱑᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱒00,᱕00 ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref name=census/&gt;

{{Infobox settlement
&lt;!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage--&gt;
&lt;!-- Basic info  ----------------&gt;
|official_name          = ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱽᱴᱟᱣᱩᱱ
|other_name             = 
|native_name            = 
|settlement_type        = ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ
|motto                  = 
|image_skyline          = {{Photomontage|align=center
| photo1a = Stabroek Market Clock by Khirsah1.jpg
| photo2a = St George's Cathedral.jpg
| photo3a = Guyana Parliament Building.jpg
| size = 300
| spacing = 
| color = white
| border = 2
| color_border = black
}}
|image_caption          = 
|image_flag             = 
|flag_size              = 
|image_seal             = 
|seal_size              = 
|image_shield           = 
|shield_size            = 
image_map              =
|mapsize                =
|map_caption            =
|image_map1             =
|mapsize1               =
|map_caption1           =
|image_dot_map          =
|dot_mapsize            =
|dot_map_caption        =
|dot_x =  |dot_y =
|pushpin_map            = Guyana&lt;!-- the name of a location map as per http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Location_map --&gt;
|pushpin_label_position =bottom
|pushpin_map_caption    =Location in Guyana
&lt;!-- Location ------------------&gt;
|coordinates_region     = GY
|subdivision_type       = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ
|subdivision_name       =  [[File:Flag of Guyana.svg|22x20px]] [[ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟ]]
|subdivision_type1      = [[ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱪᱚᱞ|ᱚᱱᱪᱚᱞ]]
|subdivision_name1      = ᱰᱮᱢᱮᱨᱟᱨᱟ-ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱭᱤᱠᱟ
|subdivision_type2      = 
|subdivision_name2      = 
&lt;!-- Politics -----------------&gt;
|government_footnotes   = 
|government_type        = ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ-ᱠᱟᱭᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ
|leader_title           = ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ
|leader_name            = ᱩᱵᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱱᱟᱨᱤᱱ
|leader_title1          = &lt;!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --&gt;
|leader_name1           = 
|established_title      = Established
|established_date       = 1781
|established_title2     = Named
|established_date2      = 29 April 1812
|established_title3     = &lt;!-- Incorporated (city) --&gt;
|established_date3      = 
&lt;!-- Area    ---------------------&gt;
|unit_pref              = &lt;!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--&gt;
|area_footnotes         = 
|area_land_km2          = &lt;!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--&gt;
|area_water_km2         = 
|area_total_km2         = 70  &lt;!-- ALL fields dealing with a measurements are subject to automatic unit conversion--&gt;
&lt;!-- Population   -----------------------&gt;
|population_as_of       = 2012
|population_footnotes   = &lt;ref name=census&gt;{{cite report |title=Guyana Population and Housing Census 2012: Preliminary Report |url=http://www.statisticsguyana.gov.gy/download.php?file=88 |page=23 |publisher=Bureau of Statistics, Guyana |date=June 2014 |accessdate=23 May 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population_note        = 
|population_total       = 200,500
|population_density_km2 = auto
&lt;!-- General information  ---------------&gt;
|timezone               = [[UTC-4]]
|utc_offset             = 
|timezone_DST           = 
|utc_offset_DST         = 
|coordinates            = {{coord|6|48|4|N|58|9|19|W|region:GY|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_footnotes    = &lt;!--for references: use &lt;ref&gt; tags--&gt;
|elevation_m            = 0
|blank1_name            = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
|blank1_info            = [[Tropical rainforest climate|Af]]
&lt;!-- Area/postal codes &amp; others --------&gt;
|postal_code_type       = &lt;!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... --&gt;
|postal_code            = 
|area_codes             = 231, 233, 225, 226, 227
|website                = 
|footnotes              = 
}}

==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ==
==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ==

==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ==
==ᱦᱚᱨᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ==
ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱽᱴᱟᱣᱩᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱔᱑ ᱠᱤᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱰᱮᱢᱮᱨᱟᱨᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱨᱮᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ &quot;ᱪᱷᱮᱰᱰᱤ ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ&quot; ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱡᱩᱛᱩᱜ-ᱟ᱾

==ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ==
᱒0᱑᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱑᱘,᱓᱖᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱒00᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱑᱓᱔,᱔᱙᱗ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱒% ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ᱾&lt;ref name=census/&gt; ᱒00᱒ ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱗0᱙᱖᱒(᱕᱓%) ᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱮᱸᱫᱮ/ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ, ᱓᱑᱙0᱒(᱒᱔%) ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱥᱟᱞ, ᱒᱖᱕᱔᱒(᱒᱐%) ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ-ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱑᱔᱔᱑(᱑.᱑%) ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ-ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱱᱟᱥᱤ, ᱑᱐᱗᱕(᱐.᱘%) ᱯᱚᱨᱛᱩᱜᱤᱥ, ᱔᱗᱕(0.᱓᱕%) ᱦᱚᱲ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱒᱖᱕(᱑.᱗%) ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.statisticsguyana.gov.gy/ |title=Bureau of Statistics – Guyana |publisher=Statisticsguyana.gov.gy |date= |accessdate=30 April 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱵᱟᱦᱚᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{Portal|Guyana}}
{{Sister project links |commonscat=yes |d= Q10717 |n=yes |q=no |s=Category:Georgetown, Guyana |b=no |species=no |v=no |wikt=Georgetown |voy=Georgetown (Guyana)}}
* [http://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/nextcoast/guyana/#/1 Outsourcing in Georgetown, Guyana] from news publication, Nearshore Americas.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130215200950/http://georgetown-guyana.com/ Site with photos and maps of Guyana and Georgetown]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101217153022/http://www.georgetownchamberofcommerce.org/ Georgetown Chamber of Commerce &amp; Industry]
* [http://www.tramz.com/gy/g.html The Tramways of Georgetown, British Guiana] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408112343/http://www.tramz.com/gy/g.html |date=2022-04-08 }}
* [http://www.guyana.org/special/great_fire.html Article about the 1945 fire, with images]
* [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=travel&amp;res=9901E7D8163FF935A35751C0A9669C8B63 Article: Guyana's Capital, Tropical Victorian]
==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
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    <title>ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱦᱤᱫᱟᱭᱟᱛᱩᱞᱞᱟᱦ</title>
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      <text bytes="14829" sha1="01ayuql6j6iphy1zhjqb65exkm5uqm7" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder
|name             = ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱦᱤᱫᱟᱭᱟᱛᱩᱞᱞᱟᱦ
|honorific-suffix =
|image            = Justice M. Hidayatullah.jpg
|image_size       = 220px 
|office          =  [[List of Vice Presidents of India|᱖ ᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ]] [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱡᱚᱜᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ]]
|president       = [[ᱱᱤᱞᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱧᱡᱤᱵᱟ ᱨᱮᱰᱰᱤ]] &lt;br /&gt; [[ᱡᱮᱞ ᱥᱤᱝ]]
|term_start      = ᱓᱑ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱑᱙᱗᱙
|term_end        = ᱓᱐ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱑᱙᱘᱔
|predecessor     = [[ᱵᱤ. ᱰᱤ. ᱡᱚᱛᱛᱤ]]
|successor       = [[R. Venkataraman|ᱨᱟᱢᱟᱥᱣᱟᱢᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱝᱠᱚᱴᱚᱨᱟᱢᱚᱱ]]
|office2           = Acting [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ]]
|primeminister2    = [[ᱤᱱᱫᱤᱨᱟ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ]]
|term_start2       = ᱒᱐ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱖᱙
|term_end2         = ᱒᱔ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱑᱙᱖᱙
|predecessor2      = [[V. V. Giri|ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱦᱟᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱝᱠᱚᱴᱚ ᱜᱤᱨᱤ]] &lt;small&gt;(Acting)&lt;/small&gt;
|successor2        = [[V. V. Giri|ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱦᱟᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱝᱠᱚᱴᱚ ᱜᱤᱨᱤ]]
| order3         = ᱑᱑ ᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ
| office3        = Chief Justice of India
|term_start3      = ᱒᱕ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱖᱘
|term_end3        = ᱑᱖ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱗᱐
|appointer3       = [[President of India|ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ]] [[Zakir Husain (politician)|ᱡᱟᱠᱤᱨ ᱦᱩᱥᱮᱸᱱ]]
|predecessor3     = [[ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟᱥ ᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱣᱟᱱᱪᱩ]]
|successor3       = [[ᱡᱚᱭᱚᱱᱛᱤᱞᱟᱞ ᱪᱷᱚᱴᱟᱞᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱦ]]
|birth_date       = {{birth date|1905|12|17|df=y}}
|birth_place      = [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱱᱚᱣ]], [[United Provinces of British India|United Provinces]], [[British Raj|ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ]] &lt;br/&gt;(now in [[ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]], [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]])
|death_date       = {{death date and age|1992|9|18|1905|12|17|df=y}}
|death_place      = [[ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ]], [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ]], [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]]
|party            = [[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|spouse           = ᱯᱩᱥᱯᱟ ᱥᱟᱦ
|alma_mater       = [[Vasantrao Naik Government Institute of Arts and Social Sciences|ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Trinity College, Cambridge]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Lincoln's Inn]] 
|profession       = Lawyer, Academician 
}}

'''ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱦᱤᱫᱟᱭᱟᱛᱩᱞᱞᱟᱦ''' (᱑᱗ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱐᱕ - ᱑᱘ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱙᱒) ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱪᱤᱯ ᱡᱚᱥᱴᱤᱥ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱭᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱪᱤᱯ ᱡᱚᱥᱴᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭ ᱥᱟᱸᱵᱽᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱡᱚᱜᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱨᱟᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱫᱟᱭᱟᱛᱩᱞᱞᱟᱦ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ (law) ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱦᱤᱫᱟᱭᱟᱛᱩᱞᱞᱟᱦ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱕ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱖᱘ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱖ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱗᱐ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱥ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱑᱑ ᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱪᱤᱯ ᱡᱚᱥᱴᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱓᱑ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱑᱙᱗᱙ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱓᱐ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱑᱙᱘᱔ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱟᱹᱱᱤᱡ ᱡᱚᱜᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱖᱙ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱔ ᱚᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱑᱙᱖᱙ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref name=VP-list&gt;{{cite web|title=Former Vice Presidents of India|url=http://vicepresidentofindia.nic.in/former.asp|publisher=Secretariat of Vice President of India|accessdate=3 September 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141017115825/http://vicepresidentofindia.nic.in/former.asp|archivedate=17 October 2014|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱥᱠᱚᱞᱟᱨ, ᱚᱡᱩᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱᱤᱥᱴ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱝᱜᱩᱣᱤᱥᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref name=&quot;full court-desai&quot;&gt;{{cite journal|last1=Desai|first1=P. D., Justice|title=Full Court Reference in Memory of The Late Justice Mohammad Hidayatullah|journal=(1992) 4 SCC (Jour) 10|url=http://www.supremecourtcases.com/index2.php?option=com_content&amp;itemid=99999999&amp;do_pdf=1&amp;id=543|accessdate=3 September 2014|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924111913/http://www.supremecourtcases.com/index2.php?option=com_content&amp;itemid=99999999&amp;do_pdf=1&amp;id=543|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=Chagla&gt;{{cite web|title=Speech by Shri I. M. Chagla|url=http://bombayhighcourt.nic.in/libweb/references/pdf/Justice%20Hidayatullah.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19920928010101/http://bombayhighcourt.nic.in/libweb/references/pdf/Justice%20Hidayatullah.pdf|publisher=Bombay High Court|accessdate=3 September 2014|archivedate=28 September 1992|page=7}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱡ ᱫᱟᱫᱟ, ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱤᱠᱨᱟᱢᱩᱞᱞᱟᱦ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ [[ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ]]ᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱱᱟᱭᱤᱠ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭᱤᱡ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱥᱛᱟ ᱥᱩᱦᱚᱨᱟᱵᱚᱨᱫᱤ ᱤᱠᱚᱨᱟᱢᱩᱞᱞᱟᱦ, ᱦᱩᱥᱮᱸᱱ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱫᱽ ᱥᱩᱦᱚᱨᱟᱵᱚᱨᱫᱤ ᱭᱤᱡ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱟᱫᱟ ᱦᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱮᱪᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱝ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱱᱤᱡᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱠᱤᱛ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

== ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ==

ᱦᱤᱫᱟᱭᱟᱛᱩᱞᱞᱟᱦ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱐᱕ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱫᱩᱨ ᱦᱟᱯᱷᱤᱡᱽ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱭᱛᱩᱞᱞᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱸᱥᱤ ᱠᱩᱫᱽᱨᱚᱛᱩᱞᱞᱟᱦ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱬᱚᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱰᱵᱷᱚᱠᱮᱴ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref name=&quot;official&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.supremecourtofindia.nic.in/judges/bio/mhidayatullah.htm|title=M. Hidayatullah|publisher=www.supremecourtofindia.nic.in|accessdate=8 June 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106034450/http://www.supremecourtofindia.nic.in/judges/bio/mhidayatullah.htm|archivedate=6 January 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;EBC&quot;&gt;{{cite web
|url=http://www.ebc-india.com/lawyer/articles/92v4a2.htm |title= EBC article on J. Hidayatullah |publisher=www.ebc-india.com |accessdate=8 June 2008 |last= |first= }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱡᱚᱥᱴᱤᱥ ᱦᱤᱫᱟᱭᱟᱛᱩᱞᱞᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱞᱚᱭᱟᱛᱩᱞᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱙᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞᱤᱜᱚᱰ [[ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ|ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱟᱹ]] ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱰᱟᱞ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱭᱚᱫᱽ ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤᱡ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱡᱟᱱᱤᱡ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱮᱞᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱩᱫᱽᱫᱷᱤᱱ ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱒᱘ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱟᱭᱥᱤᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱒᱙ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱙᱓᱓ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱤᱫᱟᱭᱟᱛᱩᱞᱞᱟᱭᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱤᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢᱩᱞᱞᱟᱦ (ᱟᱭᱥᱤᱮᱥ, ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱮᱛ, [[ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ]]) ᱟᱨ ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱩᱞᱞᱟᱦ (ᱟᱭᱥᱤᱮᱥ, ᱪᱮᱭᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱ, ᱴᱮᱨᱤᱯᱷ ᱵᱚᱰ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱨᱟ.ᱣ) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱠᱚᱞᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱷᱤᱞᱚᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;http://www.ebc-india.com/lawyer/articles/92v4a1.htm Full Court Reference in Memory of The Late Justice M. Hidayatullah by M.H. Kania, Chief Justice of India: (1992) 4 SCC (Jour) 1&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=VP-profile&gt;{{cite web|title=Hidayatullah, Shri M.|url=http://vicepresidentofindia.nic.in/hiday.asp|publisher=Secretariat of Vice President of India|accessdate=3 September 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140728063226/http://vicepresidentofindia.nic.in/hiday.asp|archivedate=28 July 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ==

* ᱫᱤ ᱚᱨᱰᱚᱨ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱫᱤ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱮᱢᱯᱟᱭᱟᱨ (OBE) ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤ, ᱑᱙᱔᱖ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱝᱥ ᱵᱟᱹᱨᱛᱷᱰᱮ ᱚᱱᱚᱨᱥ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/37598/supplements/2790|title=The London Gazette, 13 June 1946|accessdate=13 January 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* ᱥᱮᱥ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱭᱩᱜᱳᱥᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱪᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱑᱙᱗᱐ ᱾

* ᱑᱙᱗᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱠᱚᱱᱥᱟ, ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱰᱟᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱮᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱨᱤᱴ ᱾

* ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱗᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱢᱟᱨᱠ ᱛᱣᱮᱱ ᱾

* ᱔᱒ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱠᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ &quot;ᱯᱨᱟᱣᱩᱰ ᱯᱟᱥᱴ ᱮᱞᱩᱢᱱᱤ&quot; ᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱢᱟᱱ, &quot;ᱟᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱮᱞᱩᱢᱱᱤ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ&quot; ᱮᱱᱥᱤᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ (ᱜᱽᱨᱮᱴ ᱱᱚᱭᱮᱰᱟ) ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ - ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱥᱟᱭᱴᱤ ᱮᱠᱴ ᱑᱘᱖᱐ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱚᱨ ᱮᱞ ᱔᱐᱗/᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱚᱞᱛᱚᱞ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;[http://auaa.in/?page_id=31 &quot;He is Proud Past Alumni Allahabad University&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220920163717/http://auaa.in/?page_id=31 |date=20 September 2022 }}. Allahabad university Alumni Association web page say&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://reviewbest.in/|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20080115090226/http://www.auaa.in/proudpast.html|title=Best Reviews and Top Ten Products to Buy in 2019|date=10 November 2018|website=Review Best|accessdate=13 January 2020|archive-date=15 January 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://reviewbest.in/|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120707073335/http://auaa.in/?page_id=31|title=Best Reviews and Top Ten Products to Buy in 2019|date=10 November 2018|website=Review Best|accessdate=13 January 2020|archive-date=7 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

* ᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱵᱷᱤᱥ ᱵᱮᱡᱽ, ᱑᱙᱔᱘,

* ᱠᱤ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱫᱤ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱢᱚᱱᱤᱞᱟ, ᱑᱙᱗᱑,

* ᱥᱤᱨᱚᱢᱚᱬᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ, ᱑᱙᱘᱖,

* ᱟᱨᱠᱤᱴᱮᱠᱴᱥ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱮᱣᱟᱨᱰ, ᱑᱙᱘᱗,

* ᱵᱚᱱᱟᱨᱚᱥ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱨᱚᱛᱷᱢᱚᱞ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱷᱣᱤ ᱱᱮᱢᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱮᱣᱟᱨᱰ 

* ᱑᱙᱗᱐ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱘᱗ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱨᱮ, ᱑᱒ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱤᱯᱷᱤᱸᱥ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱱᱩᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨᱮᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱨ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾

== ᱟᱯᱚᱱᱟᱛ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ==

᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱫᱟᱭᱟᱛᱩᱞᱞᱟᱦ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱥᱯᱟ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱠᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱦᱤᱫᱟᱭᱟᱛᱩᱞᱞᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱯᱨᱤᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱹᱠᱷᱩᱲ [[ᱩᱠᱤᱞ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

== ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==

{{Wikiquote}}
* [http://www.mapsofindia.com/who-is-who/government-politics/muhammad-hidayatullah.html J. Hidayatullah's ]

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ</title>
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      <text bytes="12638" sha1="4e1v3fq5c13q4oh9un3hf2frdfgn96o" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ
| native_name                     = 
| native_name_lang                = 
| other_name                      = 
| settlement_type                 = ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ
| image_skyline                   = Mirzapur from the Ganges.JPG
| image_alt                       = 
| image_caption                   = ᱵᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱴ
| nickname                        = 
| image_map                       = 
| map_alt                         = 
| map_caption                     = 
| pushpin_map                     = India 
| pushpin_label_position          = right
| pushpin_map_alt                 = 
| pushpin_map_caption             = 
| coordinates                     = {{coord|25.146|82.569|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type                = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ
| subdivision_name                = {{flag|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ}}
| subdivision_type1               = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]]
| established_title               = &lt;!-- ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ --&gt;
| established_date                = 
| founder                         = 
| named_for                       = 
| unit_pref                       = Metric
| area_footnotes                  = 
| area_rank                       = 
| area_total_km2                  = 
| elevation_footnotes             = 
| elevation_m                     = 80
| population_total                = ᱒᱓᱓᱖᱙᱑
| population_as_of                = ᱒᱐᱑᱑
| population_rank                 = 
| population_density_km2          = ᱕᱖᱗
| population_metro                = ᱒᱔᱕᱘᱑᱗
| population_metro_footnotes      =&lt;ref name=UA1Lakhandabove&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf | title=Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011; Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above | publisher=Office of the Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India | accessdate=26 March 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_demonym              = 
| population_footnotes            =&lt;ref name=Cities1Lakhandabove&gt;{{cite web | url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf | title=Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011; Cities having population 1 lakh and above | publisher=Office of the Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India | accessdate=26 March 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| government_type                 = 
| governing_body                  = 
| leader_title1                   = ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱱᱚᱨ
| leader_name1                    = ᱮ.ᱠᱮ.ᱥᱤᱝ (IAS)
| leader_title2                   = ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱟᱡᱤᱥᱴᱨᱮᱴ
| leader_name2                    = ᱥᱩᱥᱤᱞ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱴᱮᱞ (IAS)
| leader_title3                   = Member of Lok Sabha
| leader_name3                    = Anupriya Singh Patel ([[Apna Dal (Sonelal)|Apna Dal]])
| demographics_type1      = ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ
| demographics1_title1    = ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ
| demographics1_info1     = [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]]&lt;ref name=&quot;langoff&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioners for Linguistic Minorities in India |url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|accessdate=26 December 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archivedate=25 May 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| demographics1_title2    = ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ&amp;nbsp;ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ
| demographics1_info2     = [[ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱩᱨᱫᱩ]]
| timezone1                       = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1                     = +᱐᱕:᱓᱐
| postal_code_type                = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code                     = ᱒᱓᱑᱐᱐᱑
| area_code_type                  = ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱳᱰ
| area_code                       = ᱐᱕᱔᱔᱒
| registration_plate              = UP-63
| blank1_name_sec1                = ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ
| blank1_info_sec1                = ᱐.᱙᱐᱓ (᱒᱐᱑᱑)
| blank2_name_sec1                = ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ
| blank2_info_sec1                = ᱖᱘.᱔᱗% (᱒᱐᱑᱑) (᱗᱗.᱙᱗%[[ᱠᱚᱲᱟ|♂]]; ᱕᱖.᱘᱖%[[ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ|♀]])
| website                         = {{URL|www.mirzapurofficial.in/}}
| footnotes                       = 
}}

'''ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ]] ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱖᱕᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧᱟ, ᱤᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱘᱔ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.co.in/maps/dir/Mirzapur,+Uttar+Pradesh/Allahabad,+Uttar+Pradesh/@25.3614816,81.6347766,9z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m14!4m13!1m5!1m1!1s0x398fc1ca0ad8cfb5:0xd0218588b2986e11!2m2!1d82.5644344!2d25.1336987!1m5!1m1!1s0x398534c9b20bd49f:0xa2237856ad4041a!2m2!1d81.846311!2d25.4358011!3e0|title=Google Maps|website=Google Maps|access-date=23 May 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱬᱚᱥᱤ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱕᱙ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.co.in/maps/dir/Mirzapur,+Uttar+Pradesh/Varanasi,+Uttar+Pradesh/@25.2335676,82.4554043,10z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m14!4m13!1m5!1m1!1s0x398fc1ca0ad8cfb5:0xd0218588b2986e11!2m2!1d82.5644344!2d25.1336987!1m5!1m1!1s0x398e2db76febcf4d:0x68131710853ff0b5!2m2!1d82.9739144!2d25.3176452!3e0|title=Google Maps|website=Google Maps|access-date=23 May 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱯᱮᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱤᱛᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ [[ᱵᱤᱸᱫᱷᱭᱟᱪᱚᱞ]], ᱟᱥᱴᱵᱷᱩᱡᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱞᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱦ ᱯᱚᱵᱤᱛᱨᱚ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱮᱵᱚᱨᱦᱟᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱥᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱚᱥ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱟᱠᱨᱤᱛᱤᱠ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

==ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ==
ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱚᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱣᱮᱟᱱᱟᱥ (awareness) ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱫᱟᱢ ᱓᱙,᱑᱒᱕&amp;nbsp;ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ&lt;sup&gt;᱒&lt;/sup&gt; ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ [[ᱨᱟᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤ]] (ᱟᱞᱯᱱᱟ) ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱤᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱣᱟᱨᱞᱰ ᱨᱤᱠᱚᱨᱰ (Guinness World Record) ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱠᱟᱨᱮ ᱕᱐ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱓᱕᱐᱐ ᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱪᱮᱛ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱒᱐,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱚᱝ ᱪᱮᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱷᱚᱴ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Singh |first1=Binay |title=Naxal hit Mirzapur attempts Guinness world record for the biggest rangoli {{!}} Varanasi News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/varanasi/naxal-hit-mirzapur-attempts-guinness-world-record-for-the-biggest-rangoli/articleshow/56780773.cms |work=The Times of India |date=25 January 2017 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱜᱟᱝᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ==
ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ {{Coord|25.15|N|82.58|E|}} ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/36/Mirzapur.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Mirzapur]. Fallingrain.com. Retrieved on 1 June 2012.&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱘᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱑᱖᱕ ᱯᱷᱤᱴ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱒᱓.᱕᱒ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱕.᱓᱒ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱞᱟᱴᱤᱴᱭᱩᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱘᱒.᱗ ᱟᱨ ᱘᱓.᱓᱓ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱞᱚᱝᱜᱤᱴᱭᱩᱰ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱬᱟᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱬᱟᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ; [[ᱥᱚᱱᱵᱷᱚᱫᱽᱨᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ; [[ᱤᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ|ᱤᱞᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱾ ᱑᱓ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱝᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱠᱟᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱟᱝᱱᱟᱹᱭ]], ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱬᱟᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[ᱪᱩᱱᱟᱨ]] ᱛᱟᱦᱥᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟᱨᱟ, ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱨᱟᱠᱨᱤᱛᱤᱠ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ 

ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱮᱞ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱔᱕᱒᱑&amp;nbsp;ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ&lt;sup&gt;᱒&lt;/sup&gt; ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ==
&lt;!-- There is a separate article for the district, so statistics should be for the municipality only!! --&gt;᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨᱼᱵᱤᱸᱫᱷᱭᱟᱪᱚᱞ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱒᱓᱓,᱖᱙᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱒᱔᱕,᱘᱑᱗ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱯᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱑,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱘᱖᱙ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱑.᱙% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱵᱚᱪᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱗᱘.᱒᱕% ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ; ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱘᱓.᱘᱕% ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱗᱑.᱘᱐% ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
{{bar box
|title=ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ
|right1=ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱚᱲᱟ
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ]]|orange|84}}
{{bar percent|[[ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ|ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ]]|green|15}}
{{bar percent|[[ᱡᱳᱭᱱᱳ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ|ᱡᱳᱭᱱᱳ]]|pink|0.4}}
{{bar percent|ᱮᱴᱟᱜ†|black|0.6}}
|caption=Distribution of religions&lt;br /&gt;
†&lt;small&gt;Includes [[ᱥᱤᱠᱷ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ|ᱥᱤᱠᱷ]] (0.2%), [[ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ|ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ]] (&lt;0.2%).&lt;/small&gt;
}}

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}
==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{Wikivoyage|ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ}}
{{commons category|ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ, ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ}}
*[https://mirzapurofficial.in/ Mirzapur City Official Website]
*[https://incrediblemirzapur.in/ Incredible Mirzapur Official Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200607155747/https://incrediblemirzapur.in/ |date=2020-06-07 }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20020201232825/http://autofeed.msn.co.in/weather/details/Mirzapur.asp Weather in Mirzapur]

{{ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ| ]]&lt;!--standard empty space--&gt;
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱤᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ]]
[[Category:ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱤᱠ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12619</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-20T06:23:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>3665</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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      <text bytes="5274" sha1="jfb0uru2sgn1bv2snh6plbktgmm6j2s" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox language
| name             = ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱤᱠ
| nativename       = اللهجه المصريه
| pronunciation    = {{IPA-arz|elˈlæhgæ l.mɑsˤˈɾejjɑ|}}
| states           = [[ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱨ]]
| speakers         = ᱖᱔,᱔᱒᱒,᱐᱐᱐&lt;!-- please don't just add the number of Egyptian population! --&gt;
| date             = 
| ref              = e19
| familycolor      = Afroasiatic
| fam1             = [[ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱳᱼᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱳᱼᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱴᱤᱠ]]
| fam2             = [[ᱥᱮᱢᱤᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱮᱢᱤᱴᱤᱠ]]
| fam3             = [[ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱥᱮᱢᱤᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱥᱮᱢᱤᱴᱤᱠ]]
| fam4             = [[:en:Classical Arabic|ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱤᱠ]]
| script           = [[ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱤᱠ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ]]&lt;br/&gt;[[ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ]] &lt;small&gt;(secondary)&lt;/small&gt;
| iso3             = arz
| notice           = IPA
| glotto           = egyp1253
| glottorefname    = Egyptian Arabic
| altname          = 
| region           = 
| extinct          = 
}}

'''ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨᱵᱤ''' ᱥᱮ '''ᱢᱟᱥᱨᱤ''' ([[ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱤ]] : : العامية المصرية) [[ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱨ]] ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱪᱷᱮᱨ==

==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ==

==ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ==

==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{InterWiki|code=arz}}
{{Wikivoyage|Egyptian Arabic phrasebook}}
{{Wiktionary|Appendix:Egyptian Arabic Swadesh list}}
* [http://lingualism.com/section/arabic/egyptian-arabic/ Blog and learning materials for Egyptian Arabic] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190716181617/https://lingualism.com/section/arabic/egyptian-arabic/ |date=2019-07-16 }} Lingualism Publishing
* [http://www.lisaanmasry.org/ Lisaan masry] – a comprehensive online dictionary, thesaurus and grammar of Colloquial Egyptian Arabic, with free downloads for Android, iPhone/iPad, Windows, Mac OSX, Linux, Kindle, PDF
* [http://www.study-arabic.info/content/arabic-and-its-variations Arabic and its variations] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218203654/http://www.study-arabic.info/content/arabic-and-its-variations |date=2014-12-18 }} – Article at Study-Arabic.info
* &quot;[http://www.danielpipes.org/books/an-arabists-guide-to-egyptian-colloquial.pdf An Arabist's Guide to Egyptian Colloquial]&quot; by [[Daniel Pipes]] ( {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222081815/http://www.danielpipes.org/books/an-arabists-guide-to-egyptian-colloquial.pdf |date=2014-12-22 }})
* [http://arabictuts.blogspot.com/ Egyptian Colloquial Arabic Lessons In English] &quot;Let's talk in Arabic&quot; blog
* [http://www.coptic.org/language/colloquialegyptian.htm Coptic Words in Egyptian Arabic] {{in lang|ar}}
* [http://www.earabiclearning.com/learn-arabic-online/egyptian-arabic-course  Egyptian Arabic lessons]
* [http://www.lmp.ucla.edu/Profile.aspx?LangID=51 Description of Egyptian Arabic from UCLA's Language Materials Project] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060818044621/http://www.lmp.ucla.edu/Profile.aspx?LangID=51 |date=2006-08-18 }}
* [http://egyptianarabiccourse.blogspot.com/ Egyptian Arabic Dialect Course (through song lyrics)]
* [http://arabic.colegioo.com/lessons Free Arabic and Egyptian lessons] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140427034308/http://arabic.colegioo.com/lessons |date=2014-04-27 }}
* [http://masri.freehostia.com/ Alfabet el-Loġa l-Maṣri] – a proposed Latin-based alphabet for the modern Egyptian language (Maṣri/English).
* [http://www.arabiccomplete.com/ ''Learn to Speak and Read Egyptian Arabic'']{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912025859/http://arabiccomplete.com/ |date=2017-09-12 }} Using a highly visual approach to learning with color-coded text, up to 6,000 audio clips, videos, and podcasts.
* [http://arabicgenie.com/blog/2009/08/egyptian-arabic-a-quick-introduction Egyptian Arabic] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091008143424/http://arabicgenie.com/blog/2009/08/egyptian-arabic-a-quick-introduction |date=2009-10-08 }} Introductory article
* [http://www.ahewar.org/debat/show.art.asp?aid=114792 A review on the book ''Present Culture in Egypt''] {{in lang|ar}}
* [https://sites.google.com/site/khaledshaalan/publications/conference-papers/161_Camera_ready_manuscript.pdf?attredirects=0 Transferring Egyptian Colloquial into Modern Standard Arabic] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916112608/https://sites.google.com/site/khaledshaalan/publications/conference-papers/161_Camera_ready_manuscript.pdf?attredirects=0 |date=2018-09-16 }}
* [http://lepetitameyya.org/ A community-based Ameyya-English dictionary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224043128/http://lepetitameyya.org/ |date=2018-12-24 }}
==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ : ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ</title>
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      <text bytes="19410" sha1="ke70z2rfj2wv0lpoq29tikka56gvaqt" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name                   = ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ
| other_name             = &lt;!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. --&gt;
| settlement_type        = ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ
| image_skyline          = Hajipur Montage October 2015.jpg
| imagesize              = 270px
| image_alt              = A montage of images related to Hajipur city
| image_caption          = Anticlockwise from top: [[Hajipur Junction railway station|Hajipur Railway Station]], Old Gandak bridge view, Cinekrishna Mall, [[Institute of Hotel Management, Hajipur|Institute of Hotel Management]], Hotel Anamika, view of [[Mahatma Gandhi Setu]], Nageshwarnath Temple and Circuit House.
| pushpin_map            = India Bihar
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt        = A map showing location of Hajipur in Bihar, India.
| pushpin_map_caption    = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ
| coordinates            = {{coord|25.68|N|85.22|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_name       = {{flag|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ}}
| subdivision_type1      = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_name1      = [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]]
| subdivision_type2      = ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ
| subdivision_name2      = [[ᱢᱤᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ|ᱢᱤᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ]]
| subdivision_type3      = ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ
| subdivision_name3      = ᱛᱤᱨᱦᱩᱛ 
| subdivision_type4      = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_name4      = [[ᱵᱚᱭᱤᱥᱟᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱵᱟᱭᱥᱟᱞᱤ]]
| subdivision_type5       = ᱣᱟᱨᱰ
| subdivision_name5       = ᱓᱙
| named_for               = [[ᱦᱟᱡᱤ ᱤᱞᱤᱭᱟᱥ ᱥᱟᱦ]]
|established_title = Founded
|established_date = 1350 AD
| government_type        = ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ
| governing_body         = ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱥᱤᱫᱽ&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/168-hajipur.html Government of Bihar (Hajipur)] census2011.co.in&lt;/ref&gt;
| leader_title           = ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ
| leader_name            = ᱠᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱫᱮᱵᱤ&lt;ref&gt;https://www.jagran.com/bihar/vaishali-chief-councilor-of-hajipur-city-council-19353885.html&lt;/ref&gt;
| leader_title1          = [[Parliament of India|MP]]
| leader_name1           = [[Pashupati Kumar Paras]], [[Lok Janshakti Party|LJP]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.elections.in/bihar/parliamentary-constituencies/hajipur.html Ram Vilas Paswan won 2014 lok Sabha election (Hajipur)] elections.in&lt;/ref&gt;
| leader_title2          = [[Member of legislative assembly|MLA]]
| leader_name2           = [[Avdhesh Kumar Singh]], [[BJP]]
| unit_pref              = Metric
| area_footnotes         = (᱒᱐᱑᱑)&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/1018_PART_B_DCHB_VAISHALI.pdf Total area of Hajipur including urban and rural as on (2001)] Page-24 PDF censusindia.gov.in access date-2011&lt;/ref&gt;
| area_total_km2         = 19.64
| elevation_footnotes    = &lt;ref&gt;[http://m.hajipuronline.in/city-guide/about-hajipur Elevation details of Hajipur city] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215223321/https://m.hajipuronline.in/city-guide/about-hajipur |date=2019-12-15 }} hajipuronline.in&lt;/ref&gt;
| elevation_m            = 46
| population_footnotes   = &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/1018_PART_B_DCHB_VAISHALI.pdf Population details of Hajipur including urban and rural] Page-24 PDF censusindia access date-2011&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_total       = ᱑᱔᱗,᱑᱒᱖
| population_as_of       = 2011&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url= http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/168-hajipur.html |title= Hajipur City Population Census 2011 {{!}} Bihar |website= www.census2011.co.in |access-date= 2017-12-23}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_rank        = [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ|᱑᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ]] (ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ)
| population_density_km2 = auto
|population_demonym = ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱨᱯᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ 
| demographics_type1     = ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ
| demographics1_title1   = ᱨᱚᱲ
| demographics1_info1    = [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]], [[ᱵᱟᱡᱡᱤᱠᱟ]], [[ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]], [[ᱵᱷᱳᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱷᱳᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ]], [[ᱟᱝᱜᱤᱠᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱟᱝᱜᱤᱠᱟ]], [[ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱩᱨᱫᱩ]], [[ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ]]&lt;ref&gt;[http://m.hajipuronline.in/city-guide/about-hajipur Hindi is official language of Hajipur] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215223321/https://m.hajipuronline.in/city-guide/about-hajipur |date=2019-12-15 }} hajipuronline.in&lt;/ref&gt;
| timezone1              = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1            = +᱐᱕:᱓᱐
| postal_code_type       = [[Postal Index Number|Pincode(s)]]
| postal_code            = ᱘᱔᱔᱑᱐X
| area_code_type         = [[Telephone code|Area code(s)]]
| area_code              = +᱙᱑–᱖᱒᱒᱔
| registration_plate     = BR-31
| blank_name_sec1        = ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ (᱒᱐᱑᱑)
| blank_info_sec1        = ᱗᱙.᱒᱖%
| blank1_name_sec1       = ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/168-hajipur.html Human sex ratio of Hajipur] census2011.co.in access date- 2011&lt;/ref&gt;
| blank1_info_sec1       = ᱑.0᱘᱙᱒ [[ᱠᱚᱲᱟ|♂]]/[[ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ|♀]]
| blank2_name_sec1       = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ
| blank2_info_sec1       = [[ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ]]
| blank3_name_sec1       = ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ
| blank3_info_sec1       = [[ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ (᱑᱒᱓)]]
| blank4_name_sec1       = [[Urban planning|Planning]] agency
| blank4_info_sec1       = [[Bihar Urban Infrastructure Development Corporation]]
| blank5_name_sec1       = Civic agency
| blank5_info_sec1       = [[ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[Climatic regions of India|Csa]] &lt;small&gt;([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])&lt;/small&gt;
| blank3_name_sec2        = [[Precipitation]]
| blank3_info_sec2        = {{convert|993|mm|in}}
| blank4_name_sec2        = Avg. annual temperature
| blank4_info_sec2        = {{convert|26|°C|°F}}
| website                = {{URL|hajipur.biharurban.in}}&lt;br&gt;{{URL|vaishali.bih.nic.in}}
| footnotes              = 
}}
'''ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ''' ᱫᱚ&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.maps-streetview.com/India/Hajipur/ International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration (Hajipur)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129030738/http://www.maps-streetview.com/India/Hajipur/ |date=2016-01-29 }} maps-street view.com&lt;/ref&gt; ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱭᱥᱟᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in Tirhut Division Official website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150316011819/http://tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in/ |date=2015-03-16 }} tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in&lt;/ref&gt; ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ  ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ, ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱖ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱑.᱔᱗ ᱞᱟᱠ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://gov.bih.nic.in/Profile/districts/vaishali.htm Vaishali district is also known as Hajipur district] gov.bih.nic.in&lt;/ref&gt; ᱵᱟᱭᱥᱟᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱓᱘ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱘ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://wap.business-standard.com/article/elections-2014/urban-dream-hajipurs-export-dreams-that-didnt-take-off-114050601100_1.html District rank in Bihar in terms of growth] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403021839/http://wap.business-standard.com/article/elections-2014/urban-dream-hajipurs-export-dreams-that-didnt-take-off-114050601100_1.html |date=2016-04-03 }} business-standard.com&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱟᱭᱨᱟ]] ᱪᱟᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.timesofindia.com/city/patna/Banana-scarcity-in-Hajipur-on-Chhath-eve/articleshow/1763691027.cms Hajipur- City of Banana] timesofindia.com Retrieved-(2001-11-20)&lt;/ref&gt; ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ [[ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ]], ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱖.᱒ ᱢᱤᱞ) ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ PRDA ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ,&lt;ref name=&quot;area&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url= http://urban.bih.nic.in/Docs/CDP/CDP-Patna.pdf |title= CDP Patna |publisher= PATNA&amp;nbsp;— Urban Development Department |work= Infrastructure Professionals Enterprise (P) Ltd., C - 2, Green Park Extension, New Delhi&amp;nbsp;– 110016, INDIA. |date= July 2006 |accessdate= 13 April 2014 |pages= 20, 21 (area) 52 (metropolis), 31 (geography) |archive-date= 4 March 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304072731/http://www.urban.bih.nic.in/Docs/CDP/CDP-Patna.pdf |url-status= dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= http://www.telegraphindia.com/1140213/jsp/bihar/story_17930537.jsp#.VVo-5rmqqko |title= Growth goes west, south &amp; green Master plan to add more areas |publisher=[[The Telegraph (Calcutta)]] |date= 13 February 2014 |accessdate= 19 May 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱛᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱯᱚᱞ]], ᱕.᱗᱕ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱓.᱕᱗ ᱢᱤᱞ) ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱯᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ,&lt;ref&gt;https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/slideshows/infrastructure/nine-exemplary-bridges-in-india/mahatma-gandhi-setu/slideshow/25751932.cms&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url= http://www.thecolorsofindia.com/interesting-facts/infrastructure/longest-river-bridge-in-india.html |title= Longest River Bridge in India&amp;nbsp;— Mahatma Gandhi Setu&amp;nbsp;— Longest River Bridge in World |publisher= Thecolorsofindia.com |date= |accessdate= 4 March 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱩᱬ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ (᱑᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ) ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ [[ᱜᱟᱝᱱᱟᱹᱭ]] ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱟᱝᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱥᱮᱛᱩ ᱯᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱤᱜᱷᱟ ᱯᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱯᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱚᱸᱰᱚᱠ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱝᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱤᱧ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.hajipuronline.in/city-guide/history-of-hajipur# Connectivity with Patna &amp; details about the longest river bridge in India] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929151424/http://www.hajipuronline.in/city-guide/history-of-hajipur |date=2015-09-29 }}. ''hajipuronline.in''.&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ==


==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ==
᱑᱒ ᱚᱠᱴᱳᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱗᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱢᱩᱡᱚᱯᱷᱚᱨᱯᱩᱨ]] ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱟᱭᱥᱟᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ {{Coord|25.68|N|85.22|E}} ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/34/Hajipur.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Hajipur]&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱖ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱑᱕᱐ ᱯᱷᱤᱴ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

==ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ==
{{Historical populations
|align       = right
|source      = &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.moef.nic.in/sites/default/files/ngrba/NGRBA-DPR%20hajipur%20Final%2026-05-2010.pdf Historical populations of Hajipur city from 1901- 2011] moef.nic.in access date- 2010-05-26&lt;/ref&gt;
|1901| 21398
|1911| 19233
|1921| 16760
|1931| 19299
|1941| 21963
|1951| 25149
|1961| 34044
|1971| 41890
|1981| 62520
|1991| 87687
|2001| 119412
|2011| 147688
|footnote= Population history of Hajipur city (1901-2011)
}}

ᱠᱟᱞᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱔᱗,᱖᱘᱘ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱗᱘,᱐᱔᱗ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱖᱙,᱖᱖᱑ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱗᱖.᱘᱐ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱗᱔.᱐᱔% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ: ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱒.᱔᱕% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱗᱐.᱔᱗% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ, ᱑᱔.᱑᱕% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱖ ᱵᱚᱪᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱑,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱘᱙᱒ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱙᱔᱔ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ==
ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱳᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ecr.indianrailways.gov.in] Official website of East Central railway] ecr.indianrailways.gov.in&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=sonpurrail.gov.in&gt;{{cite web|title=Official Website of Sonpur Division of East Central Railway |url=http://www.sonpurrail.gov.in/ |publisher=Government of India |accessdate=27 April 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120506225623/http://www.sonpurrail.gov.in/ |archivedate= 6 May 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

===ᱨᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱝᱠ===
ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱩᱡᱚᱯᱷᱚᱨᱯᱩᱨ, [[ᱪᱷᱟᱯᱨᱟ]] ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱚᱣᱱᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱩᱣᱟᱦᱟᱴᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱫᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ (᱒᱐᱕᱐᱓/᱒᱐᱕᱐᱔), ᱵᱟᱭᱥᱟᱞᱤ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ (᱑᱒᱕᱕᱓/᱑᱒᱕᱕᱔), ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱠᱨᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱥᱩᱯᱟᱨᱯᱷᱟᱥᱴ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ (᱑᱒᱕᱖᱕/᱑᱒᱕᱖᱖), ᱜᱟᱨᱤᱵᱽ ᱨᱟᱛᱷ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ (᱑᱒᱖᱑/᱑᱒᱒᱐᱔), ᱥᱟᱣᱟᱛᱟᱝᱛᱨᱟ ᱥᱮᱱᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱩᱯᱟᱨᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥᱴ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ (᱑᱒᱕᱖᱑/᱑᱒᱕᱖᱒), ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱞᱟᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱞᱚᱦᱤᱛ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ (᱑᱕᱖᱕᱑/᱑᱕᱖᱕᱒), ᱞᱤᱪᱪᱷᱣᱤ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ (᱑᱔᱐᱐᱕/᱑᱔᱐᱐᱖),  ᱚᱨᱩᱬᱟᱪᱚᱞ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ (᱒᱒᱔᱑᱑/᱒᱒᱔᱑᱒) ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱛᱤᱸᱜᱩᱭᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://m.indiarailinfo.com/search/hajipur-hjp-to-sonpur-see/700/0/701 official Rail Info and list of train stoppages in Hajipur junction] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304131344/http://m.indiarailinfo.com/search/hajipur-hjp-to-sonpur-see/700/0/701 |date=2016-03-04 }} indiarailinfo.com&lt;/ref&gt;

===ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ===
* ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱚᱠ ᱱᱟᱭᱚᱠ ᱡᱤᱭᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ, [[ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟ]] (PAT) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱼ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱑.᱒ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱑᱓.᱒ ᱢᱤᱞ) SW ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨᱟ ᱾
* ᱜᱟᱭᱟ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ (GAY) ᱼ (᱑᱐᱘ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ) SSW&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/india/hajipur About nearest airport to Hajipur with distance and directions] timeanddate.com&lt;/ref&gt;

===ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ===
ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ :

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{Commons category|ᱦᱟᱡᱤᱯᱩᱨ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ}}
*{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Hajipur |volume=12 |short=x}}
*[http://vaishali.bih.nic.in Official website of Vaishali District]
* [http://tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in Official website of Tirhut Division]

{{Vaishali district topics}}
{{Tirhut Division}}
{{ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ}}

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      <text bytes="11593" sha1="g6tllgduy4pq975aiajxvqkrjky4zlt" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name                   = ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ
| native_name            = &lt;!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. --&gt;
| native_name_lang       = 
| other_name             = &lt;!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. --&gt;
| settlement_type        = ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ
| image                  = Katihar Station.jpg
| image_alt              = 
| image_caption          = ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ
| nickname               = 
| pushpin_map            = India Bihar#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt        = 
| pushpin_map_caption    = [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ##ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ
| coordinates            = {{coord|25.53|N|87.58|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type       = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ
| subdivision_name       = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_type1      = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_type2      = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_name1      = [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]]
| subdivision_name2      = [[ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ]]
| established_title      = 
| subdivision_type3      = ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ
| subdivision_name3      = ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ
| leader_title           = ᱢᱮᱭᱟᱨ
| leader_name            = ᱵᱤᱡᱚᱭ ᱥᱤᱝ
&lt;!-- Established --&gt;
| established_date       = 
| founder                = 
| named_for              = 
| government_type        = ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ
| governing_body         = ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ
| unit_pref              = graduate
| area_footnotes         = 
| area_total_km2         = ᱓᱐᱕᱗
| area_rank              = 
| elevation_footnotes    = 
| elevation_m            = ᱒᱐
| population_total       = ᱒᱔᱐,᱕᱖᱕
| population_as_of       = ᱒᱐᱑᱑
| population_footnotes   = 
| population_density_km2 = ᱑᱐᱐᱔/
| population_rank        = ᱑᱑᱗
| population_demonym     = ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥ 
| demographics_type1     = ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ
| demographics1_title1   = ᱢᱩᱬ
| demographics1_info1    = [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]], [[ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]], [[ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱩᱨᱫᱩ]], [[ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ]], [[ᱥᱩᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱩᱨᱡᱟᱯᱩᱨᱤ]], [[ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ]]
| timezone1              = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1            = +5:30
| postal_code_type       = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code            = ᱘᱕᱔᱑᱐᱕
| registration_plate     = BR-39
| Demonym                = ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥ 
| blank1_name_sec1       = [[ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ]] ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ
| blank1_info_sec1       = [[ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ (ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ)|ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ]]
| blank2_name_sec1       = [[ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ]] ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ
| blank2_info_sec1       = [[ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ (ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ)|ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ]]
| website                = {{URL|http://katihar.bih.nic.in/}}
| footnotes              = 
| official_name          =
}}

'''ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ [[ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ==
ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱤᱛᱷᱤᱞᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/?id=A0i94Z5C8HMC&amp;lpg=PA30&amp;pg=PA27#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false |title = Anthropology of Ancient Hindu Kingdoms: A Study in Civilizational Perspective|isbn = 9788175330344|last1 = Jha|first1 = Makhan|year = 1997}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱢᱤᱛᱷᱤᱞᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱫᱮᱦᱚ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ) ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱤᱡ ᱤᱱᱰᱚᱼᱟᱨᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱢᱤᱛᱷᱤᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[[Michael Witzel]] (1989), ''Tracing the Vedic dialects in Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes'' ed. Caillat, Paris, pages 13, 17 116–124, 141–143&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱵᱮᱫᱤᱠ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ  (᱑᱑᱐᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱕᱐᱐ ᱵᱤ ᱥᱤ ᱤ) ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱦᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱨᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱧᱪᱟᱲᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱫᱩᱠᱷᱤᱱ [[ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱱᱤᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱦᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author=Witzel, M. |author-link=Michael Witzel |year=1989 |chapter=Tracing the Vedic dialects |title=Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes |location=Paris |editor1-last=Caillat |editor1-first=C. |pages=141–143 |publisher=Fondation Hugot}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱢᱤᱛᱷᱤᱲᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱡᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱚᱭᱥᱟᱲᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author=Hemchandra, R. |year=1972 |title=Political History of Ancient India |location=Calcutta |publisher=University of Calcutta}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ==

===ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ===

ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱲᱥᱤ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱲᱥᱤ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱲᱚᱠ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ, ᱟᱫᱚ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱠᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

===ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ===
ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱯᱩᱨᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱱᱤᱭᱟ (᱓᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ) ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱮᱭᱟᱨᱯᱷᱚᱨᱥ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱰᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ (᱑᱖᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ) ᱨᱮ [[ᱥᱤᱞᱤᱜᱩᱲᱤ]] ([[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ|ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ]]) ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

==ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ==
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱒᱔᱐,᱕᱖᱕ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf | title = Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above |work= Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 | publisher = |accessdate = 2012-04-16 }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ (ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ ᱯᱞᱟᱥ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱜᱽᱨᱚᱴ) ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱱᱤ (ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱜᱨᱚᱴ) ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_4_PR_UAs_1Lakh_and_Above_Appendix.pdf | title = Constituents of urban Agglomerations Having Population 1 Lakh &amp; above |work= Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011| publisher = |accessdate = 2012-04-16 }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱒᱒᱕,᱙᱘᱒ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱑᱙,᱑᱔᱒ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱑᱐᱖,᱘᱔᱐ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱘᱙᱗ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱕ ᱵᱚᱪᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱓᱑,᱐᱓᱖ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱗+ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱗᱙.᱘᱗ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf | title = Cities having population 1 lakh and above |work= Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 | publisher = |accessdate = 2012-04-16}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱐᱐ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱙᱓ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾

[[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]], [[ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱩᱨᱫᱩ]], [[ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱷᱤᱞᱤ]], [[ᱟᱝᱜᱤᱠᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱟᱝᱜᱤᱠᱟ]], [[ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱩᱨᱡᱚᱯᱩᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱩᱨᱡᱚᱯᱩᱨᱤ]] ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{Commons|ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ}}
* [http://www.katihar.bih.nic.in katihar.bih.nic.in] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203055349/http://katihar.bih.nic.in/ |date=2019-12-03 }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140808055213/http://districtcourts.nic.in/ecourts/Patna/Katihar/Katihar.php District Court, Katihar]

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ| ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ</title>
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      <text bytes="11657" sha1="mqkqrooo6dqp49cwuputm8qoip7o1h3" xml:space="preserve">{{About|the language on which Standard Indonesian and Malaysian are based|the vernacular varieties and dialects of Malay|ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ}}
{{Distinguish|ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱢ|ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ}}
{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{Infobox language
|name=ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ
|altname={{plainlist|
*[[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]
*[[ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]}}
|ethnicity=[[ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱦᱚᱲ|ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ]]
|nativename={{lang|ms|bahasa Melayu}} / {{lang|ms-Arab|بهاس ملايو}} / ꤷꥁꤼ ꤸꥍꤾꤿꥈ
|states=[[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]], [[ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]], [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱢᱳᱨ]], [[ᱵᱨᱩᱱᱟᱭ]], [[ᱥᱤᱝᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ]], [[ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱴᱢᱟᱥ ᱫᱤᱯ]], [[ᱠᱳᱠᱳᱥ (ᱠᱤᱞᱤᱝ) ᱫᱤᱯᱠᱚ]]
|speakers = [[ᱟᱭᱚ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ|L1]] – {{sigfig|76.9|2}} ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ
|date     = 
|ref      = ne2007
|speakers2=ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ (L1 ᱟᱨ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|L2]]): ᱒᱐᱐–᱒᱕᱐ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ (᱒᱐᱐᱙)&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Uli|first=Kozok|title=How many people speak Indonesian|url=http://ipll.manoa.hawaii.edu/indonesian/2012/03/10/how-many-people-speak-indonesian/|publisher=University of Hawaii at Manoa|accessdate=20 October 2012|date=10 March 2012|quote=James T. Collins (''Bahasa Sanskerta dan Bahasa Melayu'', Jakarta: KPG 2009) gives a conservative estimate of approximately 200 million, and a maximum estimate of 250 million speakers of Malay (Collins 2009, p. 17).}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|familycolor = austronesian
|fam1 = [[ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] 
|fam2 = [[ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ-ᱯᱳᱞᱤᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ-ᱯᱳᱞᱤᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]
|fam3 = [[ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ-ᱥᱩᱢᱵᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ-ᱥᱩᱢᱵᱟᱣᱟᱱ]] (?)
|fam4 = [[ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱤᱠ]]
|fam5 = [[ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭᱟᱱ]]
|fam6 =
|ancestor=[[ᱢᱟᱬᱮ ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ|ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ]]
|ancestor2=[[ᱢᱟᱬᱮ ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ]]
|ancestor3=[[:en:Classical Malay|ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ]]
|ancestor4=[[:en:Classical Malay|Pre-Modern Malay]]
|stand1=[[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]
|stand2=[[ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]
|script=[[ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱯᱷ|ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ]] ([[:en:Malay orthography|ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]])&lt;br/&gt;[[ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱤ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ|ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱤ]] ([[ᱡᱟᱣᱤ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2008/8/26/nation/22168989&amp;sec=nation |title=Kedah MB defends use of Jawi on signboards |date=26 August 2008 |newspaper=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029105406/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2008%2F8%2F26%2Fnation%2F22168989&amp;sec=nation |archivedate=29 October 2012 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;
[[ᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ|ᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] (ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ)&lt;br/&gt;[[:en:International uniformity of braille alphabets#Grade 1 braille|ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱵᱨᱮᱭᱤᱞ]]&lt;br/&gt;
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱯᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]], [[ᱠᱟᱣᱤ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]], [[ᱨᱮᱱᱠᱚᱝ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]], [[ᱨᱮᱡᱟᱝ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]]
|nation={{startplainlist|class=nowrap}}
* [[File:Flag of Brunei.svg|22x20px]] [[ᱵᱨᱩᱱᱟᱭ]]
* [[File:Flag of Indonesia.svg|22x20px]] [[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] &lt;small&gt;([[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[File:Flag of Malaysia.svg|22x20px]] [[ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] &lt;small&gt;([[ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] ᱦᱚᱸᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ)&lt;/small&gt;
* [[File:Flag of Singapore.svg|22x20px]] [[ᱥᱤᱝᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ]]
----
* [[ᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://asean.org/asean/asean-member-states|title=Languages of ASEAN|accessdate=7 August 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
{{endplainlist}}
|minority=[[File:Flag of Indonesia.svg|22x20px]] [[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]]&lt;br/&gt;[[File:Flag of Thailand.svg|22x20px]] [[ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ( [[:en:Kelantan-Pattani Malay|ᱡᱟᱣᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ)&lt;br/&gt;[[File:Flag of Philippines.svg|22x20px]] [[ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱤᱯᱟᱭᱤᱱ]] (ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ [[:en:Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao|ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱢᱤᱱᱰᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝᱥᱟᱢᱳᱨᱳ ᱚᱴᱚᱱᱚᱢᱟᱥ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[:en:Balabac, Palawan|ᱵᱟᱞᱟᱵᱟᱠ, ᱯᱟᱞᱟᱣᱟᱱ]] ᱥᱟᱶ)&lt;br/&gt;[[File:Flag of East Timor.svg|22x20px]] [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱢᱳᱨ]] ([[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ)&lt;ref name=&quot;easttimorgovernment.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.easttimorgovernment.com/languages.htm|title=East Timor Languages|website=www.easttimorgovernment.com|access-date=30 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130633/http://easttimorgovernment.com/languages.htm|archive-date=4 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;[[File:Flag of Christmas Island.svg|22x20px]] [[ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱴᱢᱟᱥ ᱫᱤᱯ]]&lt;br/&gt;{{flag|Cocos (Keeling) Islands}} ([[ᱠᱳᱠᱳᱥ (ᱠᱤᱞᱤᱝ) ᱫᱤᱯᱠᱚ]]) ([[ᱠᱳᱠᱳᱥ ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ]])&lt;br/&gt;{{Flag|UN}} ([[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]]) ([[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] [[:en:UN peacekeeping missions|ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱹᱱᱛᱤ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ)&lt;/small&gt;
|agency=Badan Pengembangan Bahasa dan Perbukuan ([[:en:Language and Book Development Agency|ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱚᱝᱛᱷᱟ]]);&lt;br/&gt;[[Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka]] (Institute of Language and Literature);&lt;br/&gt;[[:en:Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei|Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei]] (ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱢᱟᱺᱰᱚᱣᱟ);&lt;br/&gt;[[:en:Majlis Bahasa Brunei-Indonesia-Malaysia|Majlis Bahasa Brunei-Indonesia-Malaysia]] (ᱵᱨᱩᱱᱟᱭ–ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ–ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ – MABBIM) &lt;small&gt;(a trilateral joint-venture)&lt;/small&gt;
|iso1=ms
|iso2b=may
|iso2t=msa
|iso3=msa&lt;!--The rest of the codes under the [msa] macrolanguage are at [[Malayan languages]], [[Malay trade and creole languages]], [[Cocos Malay]] and [[Urak Lawoi' language]]--&gt;
|lc1=zlm
|ld1=Malay (individual language)
|lc2=kxd
|ld2=[[Brunei Malay]]
|lc3=ind
|ld3=[[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]
|lc4=zsm
|ld4=[[ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]
|lc5=jax
|ld5=[[Jambi Malay]]
|lc6=meo
|ld6=[[Kedah Malay]]
|lc7=kvr
|ld7=[[Kerinci language|Kerinci]]
|lc8=xmm
|ld8=[[Manado Malay]]
|lc9=min
|ld9=[[Minangkabau language|Minangkabau]]
|lc10=mui
|ld10=[[Musi language|Musi]]
|lc11=zmi
|ld11=[[Minangkabau language|Negeri Sembilan]]
|lc12=max
|ld12=[[North Moluccan Malay]]
|lc13=mfa
|ld13=[[Kelantan-Pattani Malay]]
|lingua=31-MFA-a
|map=Malayophone world.svg
|mapcaption=
|notice=IPA
|sign=[[Manually Coded Malay]]&lt;br/&gt;Sistem Isyarat Bahasa Indonesia
|glotto=indo1326
|glottoname=partial match
|glottorefname=Indonesian Archipelago Malay
}}

'''ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ''' ({{IPAc-en|m|ə|ˈ|l|eɪ}};&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=The Linguistic Student's Handbook |last=Bauer |first=Laurie |date=2007 |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |location=Edinburgh}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ : bahasa Melayu, {{lang|ms-Arab|بهاس ملايو}}) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ|ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]], [[ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]], [[ᱵᱨᱩᱱᱟᱭ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱤᱝᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ]], ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ [[ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ ᱾ [[ᱢᱟᱞᱞᱟᱠᱠᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱱᱟᱞᱤ]] ᱟᱨᱮ [[ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱩᱯᱚᱫᱤᱯ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱩᱢᱟᱛᱨᱟ]] ᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱒᱙ ᱠᱳᱴᱤ&lt;ref&gt;10 million in Malaysia, 5 million in Indonesia as &quot;Malay&quot; plus 250 million as &quot;Indonesian&quot;, etc.&lt;/ref&gt; [[ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱦᱚᱲ|ᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ]] ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱞᱞᱟᱠᱠᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱱᱟᱞᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱱᱯᱳᱨᱴᱮᱱᱴ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱼᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱮ, ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱜᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱝᱜᱩᱣᱟ ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱝᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ==

==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ==

==ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ==

==ᱚᱞ==

==ᱨᱚᱱᱚᱲ==

==ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ==

==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{InterWiki|code=ms}}
{{InterWiki|code=id}}

{{commons category}}
{{Wikivoyage|Malay phrasebook|Malay|a phrasebook}}
* The [[Wiktionary:Category:Malay language|list of Malay words]] and [[Wiktionary:Category:Malay derivations|list of words of Malay origin]] at [[Wiktionary]], the free dictionary and Wikipedia's sibling project
* [[Wiktionary:Appendix:Malay Swadesh list|Swadesh list of Malay words]]
* [http://www.sealang.net/malay/dictionary.htm Digital version of Wilkinson's 1926 Malay-English Dictionary]
* [http://prpm.dbp.gov.my Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu], online Malay language database provided by the [[Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka]]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111224121004/http://bahasa.kemdiknas.go.id/kbbi/ Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia dalam jaringan] (Online Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language published by Pusat Bahasa, in Indonesian only)
* [http://www.dbp.gov.my Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415001836/http://www.dbp.gov.my/ |date=15 April 2012 }} (Institute of Language and Literature Malaysia, in Malay only)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100706054017/http://www.spellingsociety.org/journals/j11/malay.php The Malay Spelling Reform], Asmah Haji Omar, (Journal of the Simplified Spelling Society, 1989-2 pp.&amp;nbsp;9–13 later designated J11)
* [http://www.ekamus.info Malay Chinese Dictionary]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140819082345/http://hablaa.com/english-malay/ Malay English Dictionary]
* [http://www.malaytranslate.com Malay English Translation]

==ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ</title>
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      <text bytes="20053" sha1="hswfuda6nahylz817vnn7h7n9b0lmbu" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox language
| name = ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ
| nativename = {{lang|hy|հայերէն/հայերեն}} ''hayeren''
| pronunciation = {{IPA-hy|hɑjɛˈɾɛn|}}
| states = [[ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱨᱴᱥᱚᱠᱷ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱛᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ|ᱟᱨᱴᱥᱟᱠᱷ]].
| speakers = ᱖.᱗ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ
| date = 
| dateprefix = c.&amp;nbsp;
| ref = e18
| familycolor = ᱤᱱᱫᱳ-ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ
| ancestor2 = [[:en:Classical Armenian|ᱥᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]
| ancestor3 = [[:en:Middle Armenian|ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]
| stand1 = [[:en:Eastern Armenian|ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]
| stand2 = [[:en:Western Armenian|ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]
| script = {{plainlist|
*[[ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]]
*[[ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱨᱮᱭᱤᱞ]]}}
| nation = {{plainlist|
[[File:Flag of Armenia.svg|22x20px]] [[ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ]]
*[[File:Flag of Artsakh.svg|22x20px]] [[ᱟᱨᱴᱥᱟᱠᱷ]] ([[ᱱᱟᱜᱳᱨᱱᱳᱼᱠᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱠᱷ]])}}
| minority = {{collapsible list
|'''ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱥᱴᱮᱴᱟᱥ:'''&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=THE ARMENIAN LANGUAGE AS AN ENDANGERED LANGUAGE IN EUROPE: A contribution to the European Roadmap for Linguistic Diversity |url=https://agbueurope.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/17/2015/12/Contribution-to-the-NPLD-Roadmap-for-Language-Diversity-Armenian-AGBU-Europe-and-C.-Gulbenkian.pdf |website=agbueurope.org |publisher=[[AGBU]] Europe |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214094854/https://agbueurope.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/17/2015/12/Contribution-to-the-NPLD-Roadmap-for-Language-Diversity-Armenian-AGBU-Europe-and-C.-Gulbenkian.pdf |archivedate=14 December 2019 |date=2015 |quote=Western Armenian has an official status as a minority language in several EU countries, including Cyprus, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary and Poland.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[ᱥᱟᱭᱯᱨᱟᱥ]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Hadjilyra |first1=Alexander - Michael |title=The Armenians of Cyprus |url=https://publications.gov.cy/en/assets/user/publications/ARMENIANS/EN/Armenians_EN_2016.pdf |website=publications.gov.cy |publisher=Press and Information Office, Republic of Cyprus |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214093009/https://publications.gov.cy/en/assets/user/publications/ARMENIANS/EN/Armenians_EN_2016.pdf |archivedate=14 December 2019 |page=15 |quote=According to the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages of the Council of Europe, Armenian was recognised as a minority language of Cyprus as of 1 December 2002.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[ᱦᱟᱝᱜᱮᱨᱤ]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Kenesei |first1=István |title=Minority languages in Hungary |url=http://www.efnil.org/documents/conference-publications/dublin-2009/09-Dublin-Kenesei-Mother.pdf |website=efnil.org |publisher=European Federation of National Institutions for Language |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214103329/http://www.efnil.org/documents/conference-publications/dublin-2009/09-Dublin-Kenesei-Mother.pdf |archivedate=14 December 2019 |date=2009 |quote=As far as indigenous (autochthonous) minority languages are concerned, Hungarian legislation acknowledges the languages in the following list [...]: Armenian, Boyash, Bulgarian, Croatian, German, Greek, Polish, Romani, Romanian, Ruthenian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Ukrainian, and Hungarian Sign Language (HSL).}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[ᱤᱨᱟᱠ]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Iraqi Constitution: Article 4|url=http://www.iraqinationality.gov.iq/attach/iraqi_constitution.pdf|publisher=The Republic of Iraq Ministry of Interior General Directorate for Nationality|accessdate=16 June 2014|quote=The right of Iraqis to educate their children in their mother tongue, such as Turkmen, Syriac, and Armenian shall be guaranteed in  government educational institutions in accordance with educational guidelines, or in any other language in private educational institutions.|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128152712/http://www.iraqinationality.gov.iq/attach/iraqi_constitution.pdf|archivedate=28 November 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[ᱯᱳᱞᱮᱱᱰ]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Zych |first1=Maciej |title=New Polish legislation regarding national, ethnic and linguistic minorities |url=http://ksng.gugik.gov.pl/pliki/new_polish_legislation_regarding_national_ethnic_and_linguistic_minorities.pdf |website=gugik.gov.pl |publisher=Head Office of Geodesy and Cartography of Poland |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214104740/http://ksng.gugik.gov.pl/pliki/new_polish_legislation_regarding_national_ethnic_and_linguistic_minorities.pdf |archivedate=14 December 2019 |page=2 |quote=There are 9 national minorities: Belorussian, Czech, Lithuanian, German, Armenian, Russian, Slovak, Ukrainian and Jewish; and 4 ethnic minorities - Karait, Lemko, Roma and Tartar.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Pisarek |first1=Walery |title=The relationship between official and minority languages in Poland |url=http://www.efnil.org/documents/conference-publications/dublin-2009/16-Dublin-Pisarek-Mother.pdf |website=efnil.org |publisher=European Federation of National Institutions for Language |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20191214104352/http://www.efnil.org/documents/conference-publications/dublin-2009/16-Dublin-Pisarek-Mother.pdf |archivedate=14 December 2019 |page=118 |date=2009 |quote=In a Statement made by the Republic of Poland with relation to the ratification of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, Belarusian, Czech, Hebrew, Yiddish, Karaim, Kashubian, Lithuanian, Lemkian, German, Armenian, Romani, Russian, Slovak, Tatar and Ukrainian were recognized as minority languages.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last1=Saramandu |first1=Nicolae |last2=Nevaci |first2=Manuela |title=MULTILINGVISM ŞI LIMBI MINORITARE ÎN ROMÂNIA [MULTILINGUALISM AND MINORITY LANGUAGES IN ROMANIA] |url=http://www.dri.gov.ro/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Multilingvism-si-limbi-minoritare-in-Romania.pdf |publisher=[[:ro:Institutul de Lingvistică „Iorgu Iordan - Alexandru Rosetti”|Institute of Linguistics &quot;Iorgu Iordan - Alexandru Rosetti&quot;]], [[Romanian Academy]] |page=25 |language=ro |date=2009 |quote=În cazul României, 10 limbi beneficiază de protecţie generală (albaneză, armeană, greacă, italiană, idiş, macedoneană, poloneză, romani, ruteană, tătară) şi 10 limbi beneficiază de protecţie sporită (bulgară, cehă, croată, germană, maghiară, rusă, sârbă, slovacă, turcă, ucraineană).}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[ᱤᱣᱠᱨᱮᱱ]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://zakon4.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/5029-17| title=Law of Ukraine &quot;On Principles of State Language Policy&quot; (Current version – Revision from 01.02.2014) |publisher=rada.gov.ua|work=Document 5029-17, Article 7: Regional or minority languages Ukraine, Paragraph 2|date=1 February 2014|accessdate=30 April 2014|language =uk|quote=Стаття 7. Регіональні мови або мови меншин України [...] 2. У контексті Європейської хартії регіональних мов або мов меншин до регіональних мов або мов меншин України, до яких застосовуються заходи, спрямовані на використання регіональних мов або мов меншин, що передбачені у цьому Законі, віднесені мови: російська, білоруська, болгарська, вірменська, гагаузька, ідиш, кримськотатарська, молдавська, німецька, новогрецька, польська, ромська, румунська, словацька, угорська, русинська, караїмська, кримчацька.}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| '''ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱼᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱴᱮᱴᱟᱥ:'''
| [[ᱡᱚᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟ]] ([[ᱥᱚᱢᱚᱴᱥᱮᱠᱷ-ᱡᱟᱵᱷᱟᱠᱮᱴᱤ]]){{efn|Armenian has no legal status in Samtske-Javakheti, but it is widely spoken by its Armenian population, which is concentrated in Ninotsminda and Akhalkalaki districts (over 90% of the total population in these two districts).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last=Hille|first=Charlotte|title=State Building and Conflict Resolution in the Caucasus|url=https://archive.org/details/statebuildingcon00hill|url-access=limited|year=2010|publisher=[[Brill Publishers]]|location=Leiden, Netherlands|isbn=9789004179011|page=[https://archive.org/details/statebuildingcon00hill/page/n255 241]}}&lt;/ref&gt; There were 144 state-funded schools in the region as of 2010 where Armenian is the main language of instruction.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|title=Javakhk Armenians Looks Ahead to Local Elections|url=http://asbarez.com/78867/georgias-armenian-minority-looks-ahead-toward-local-elections/|accessdate=26 May 2014|newspaper=[[Asbarez]]|date=31 March 2010|quote=Javakheti for use in the region's 144 Armenian schools&amp;nbsp;...}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Mezhdoyan|first=Slava|title=Challenges and problems of the Armenian community of Georgia|url=http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/HRCouncil/MinorityIssues/Session5/statements/ItemV/3.%20EuropeanArmenianFederationJustice%20andDemocracy.pdf|publisher=European Armenian Federation for Justice and Democracy|accessdate=26 May 2014|location=Tbilisi|date=28 November 2012|quote=Armenian schools in Georgia are fully funded by the government&amp;nbsp;...}}&lt;/ref&gt;}} 
| [[ᱞᱮᱵᱟᱱᱚᱱ]]{{efn|The Lebanese government recognizes Armenian as a minority language,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=About Lebanon|url=http://www.cas.gov.lb/index.php/about-lebanon-en|publisher=Central Administration of Statistics of the Republic of Lebanon|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140526152210/http://www.cas.gov.lb/index.php/about-lebanon-en|archivedate=26 May 2014|quote=Other Languages: French, English and Armenian}}&lt;/ref&gt; particularly for educational purposes.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Consideration of Reports Submitted by States Parties Under Article 44 of the Convention. Third periodic reports of states parties due in 2003: Lebanon|url=http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/45377eb00.pdf|publisher=[[Committee on the Rights of the Child]]|accessdate=26 May 2014|page=108|date=25 October 2005|quote=Right of minorities to learn their language. The Lebanese curriculum allows Armenian schools to teach the Armenian language as a basic language.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last=Sanjian|first=Ara|title=Armenians and the 2000 Parliamentary Elections in Lebanon|url=http://www.groong.org/ro/ro-20000907.html|work=Armenian News Network / Groong|publisher=[[University of Southern California]]|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140526153117/http://www.groong.org/ro/ro-20000907.html|archivedate=26 May 2014|quote=Moreover, the Lebanese government approved a plan whereby the Armenian language was to be considered from now on as one of the few 'second foreign languages' that students can take as part of the official Lebanese secondary school certificate (Baccalaureate) exams.}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| [[ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ]]{{efn|In education, according to the [[Treaty of Lausanne (1923)|Treaty of Lausanne]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|first=Jilali|last=Saib|contribution=Languages in Turkey|editor1-last=Extra|editor1-first=Guus|editor2-last=Gorter|editor2-first=Durk|title=The Other Languages of Europe: Demographic, Sociolinguistic and Educational Perspectives|year=2001|publisher=Multilingual Matters|location=Philadelphia|isbn=9781853595097|page=423|quote=No other language can be taught as a mother language other than Armenian, Greek and Hebrew, as agreed in the Lausanne Treaty&amp;nbsp;...}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Okçabol|first1=Rıfat|contribution=Secondary Education in Turkey|editor1-last=Nohl|editor1-first=Arnd-Michael|editor2-last=Akkoyunlu-Wigley|editor2-first=Arzu|editor3-last=Wigley|editor3-first=Simon|title=Education in Turkey|year=2008|publisher=Waxmann Verlag|location=Berlin|isbn=9783830970699|page=65|quote=Private Minority Schools are the school established by Greek, Armenian and Hebrew minorities during the era of the Ottoman Empire and covered by Lausanne Treaty.}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| [[ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ([[ᱠᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱳᱨᱱᱤᱭᱟ]]){{efn|Various [[California executive branch|state]] government agencies in California provide Armenian translations of their documents, namely the [[California Department of Social Services]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Armenian Translations |url=http://www.cdss.ca.gov/cdssweb/PG25.htm |publisher=California Department of Social Services |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140526153235/http://www.cdss.ca.gov/cdssweb/PG25.htm |archivedate=26 May 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[California Department of Motor Vehicles]],&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Վարորդների ձեռնարկ [Driver's Manual] |url=https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/wcm/connect/09a5b933-9869-4504-ac90-fe54366771b3/dl600A.pdf?MOD=AJPERES |publisher=California Department of Motor Vehicles |year=2016 |accessdate=October 29, 2016 |archive-date=January 12, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180112155947/https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/wcm/connect/09a5b933-9869-4504-ac90-fe54366771b3/dl600A.pdf?MOD=AJPERES |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[California superior courts]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=English/Armenian Legal Glossary |url=http://www.saccourt.ca.gov/general/legal-glossaries/docs/armenian-western-legal-glossary.pdf |publisher=Superior Court of California, County of Sacramento |accessdate=26 May 2014 |date=22 June 2005 |archive-date=9 October 2022 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.saccourt.ca.gov/general/legal-glossaries/docs/armenian-western-legal-glossary.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; In the city of [[Glendale, California|Glendale]], there are street signs in Armenian.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Rocha |first=Veronica |title=New Glendale traffic safety warnings in English, Armenian, Spanish |url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2011/01/glendales-new-traffic-safet-signs-in-english-armenian-and-spanish.html |accessdate=26 May 2014 |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=11 January 2011 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Aghajanian |first=Liana |title=Intersections: Bad driving signals a need for reflection |url=http://articles.glendalenewspress.com/2012-09-04/opinion/tn-gnp-0904-intersections-bad-driving-signals-a-need-for-reflection_1_luxury-cars-car-accident-bad-drivers |accessdate=26 May 2014 |newspaper=Glendale News-Press |date=4 September 2012 |quote=...trilingual street signs in English, Armenian, and Spanish at intersections... |archive-date=25 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141440/http://articles.glendalenewspress.com/2012-09-04/opinion/tn-gnp-0904-intersections-bad-driving-signals-a-need-for-reflection_1_luxury-cars-car-accident-bad-drivers |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;}} }}
| agency = ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱴᱤᱭᱩᱴ ([[:en:Armenian National Academy of Sciences|ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=H. Acharian Institute of Language|url=http://www.sci.am/resorgs.php?oid=34&amp;langid=1|website=sci.am|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141005040613/http://www.sci.am/resorgs.php?oid=34&amp;langid=1|archivedate=5 October 2014|quote=Main Fields of Activity: investigation of the structure and functioning, history and comparative grammar of the Armenian language, exploration of the literary Eastern and Western Armenian Language, dialectology, regulation of literary language, development of terminology}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| iso1 = hy
| iso2b = arm
| iso2t = hye
| lc1 = hye
| ld1 = ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ
| lc2 = hyw
| ld2 = ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ
| lc3 = xcl
| ld3 = ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ
| lc4 = axm
| ld4 = ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ
| lingua = 57-AAA-a
| map = Armenian Language distribution map.png
| mapcaption = ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱠᱚᱠᱮᱥᱟᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱝ ᱪᱷᱮᱨ
| map2 = Map-of-speakers-of-armenian.png
| mapcaption2 = {{Legend|#023858|ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱟ}}
  {{Legend|#0570b0|ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ}}
  {{Legend|#74a9cf|ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱥᱯᱤᱠᱟᱨ}}
| notice = IPA
| protoname = [[ᱯᱨᱳᱴᱳ-ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]
| glotto = arme1241
| glottorefname = ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱠ
| ethnicity = ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱱ
}}

'''ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ''' ([[:en:Classical Armenian orthography|classical]]: {{lang|hy|հայերէն}}; [[:en:Armenian orthography reform|reformed]]: {{lang|hy|հայերեն}} {{transl|hy|ISO|ᱦᱟᱭᱮᱨᱮᱱ}}) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱤᱱᱫᱳ-ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ|ᱤᱱᱫᱳ-ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱳ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱟᱞᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱚᱞ ᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱔᱐᱕ AD ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱥᱨᱳᱯ ᱢᱟᱥᱴᱳᱴ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾

==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ==

==ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ==

==ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ==
*[[ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]

==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{sister project links|voy=Armenian (Eastern) phrasebook |ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ |wikt=Category: ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ}}
{{InterWiki|code=hy}}
{{WikisourceWiki|code=hy}}
* [http://www.utexas.edu/cola/centers/lrc/eieol/armol-0-X.html Armenian Lessons] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216045300/http://www.utexas.edu/cola/centers/lrc/eieol/armol-0-X.html |date=2016-02-16 }} (free online through the [https://web.archive.org/web/20160523020601/http://www.utexas.edu/cola/lrctr/ Linguistics Research Center] at UT Austin)
* [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Armenian_Swadesh_list Armenian Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words] (from Wiktionary's [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Swadesh_lists Swadesh list appendix])
* [http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/armenia-iv ARMENIA AND IRAN iv. History, discussion, and the presentation of Iranian influences in Armenian Language over the millennia]
* [http://nayiri.com/ Nayiri.com] (ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱰᱤᱠᱥᱤᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱭᱵᱮᱨᱤ)
* [http://dictionaries.arnet.am/ dictionaries.arnet.am] ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ [[:en:XDXF|ᱮᱠᱥᱰᱤᱮᱠᱥᱮᱯᱷ]] ᱟᱨ [[:en:Stardict|ᱥᱴᱟᱨᱰᱤᱠᱴ]] ᱰᱤᱠᱥᱤᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱢᱟᱹᱞ
* [https://magaghat.ai/grabar Grabar] (ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱨᱟᱵᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ)
* [https://բառարան.հայ բառարան.հայ] - ᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱰᱤᱠᱥᱤᱱᱟᱨᱤ

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}</text>
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    <title>ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ</title>
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      <text bytes="7197" sha1="77fuap9n3fkhzr0xcqawf24vo26zjxy" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox language
| name = ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱᱥ
| pronunciation = {{IPA-af|afriˈkɑːns|}}
| states = [[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ]], [[ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ]]
| speakers = {{sigfig|7.2|2}} ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ (᱒᱐᱑᱖)
| date = 
| ref = e19
| ethnicity = ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱᱥ&lt;br&gt;ᱠᱟᱭᱞᱟᱨᱰ&lt;br&gt;[[:en:Basters|ᱵᱟᱥᱛᱮᱨ]]&lt;br&gt;[[:en:Cape Malay|ᱠᱮᱯ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭ]]&lt;br&gt;[[Griqua people|ᱜᱽᱨᱤᱠᱩᱣᱟ]]
| speakers2 = ᱑᱐.᱓ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ]] (᱒᱐᱐᱒){{sfnp|Webb|2002|loc=14:78}}
| familycolor = [[ᱤᱱᱫᱳ-ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ|ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]
| fam2 = [[ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ]]
| fam3 = [[ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ]]
| fam4 = [[:en:Weser-Rhine Germanic|ᱣᱮᱡᱟᱨᱼᱨᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ]]
| fam5 = [[:en:Low Franconian languages|Low Franconian]]
| fam6 = [[ᱰᱟᱪ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱰᱟᱪ]] ([[:en:Hollandic dialect|ᱦᱚᱞᱮᱱᱰᱤᱠ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]])
| ancestor = [[:en:Frankish language|ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱝᱠᱤᱥ]]
| ancestor2 = [[ᱢᱟᱬᱮ ᱰᱟᱪ]]
| ancestor3 = [[ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱰᱟᱪ]]
| ancestor4 = ᱱᱮᱵᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱰᱟᱪ
| script = {{ublist|class=nowrap |[[ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ|ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ]] ᱵᱮᱵᱦᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱᱥ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] |[[ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱᱥ ᱵᱽᱨᱮᱭᱤᱞ]]}}
| sign = [[:en:Signed Afrikaans|Signed Afrikaans]]&lt;ref&gt;Aarons &amp; Reynolds, &quot;South African Sign Language&quot; in Monaghan (ed.), ''Many Ways to be Deaf: International Variation in Deaf Communities'' (2003).&lt;/ref&gt;
| nation = [[File:Flag of South Africa.svg|22x20px]] [[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ]]
| agency = [[:en:Die Taalkommissie|Die Taalkommissie]] (ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ)
| minority = [[File:Flag of Namibia.svg|22x20px]] [[ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ]]
| iso1 = af
| iso2 = afr
| iso3 = afr
| glotto = afri1274
| glottorefname = Afrikaans
| lingua = 52-ACB-ba
| map = Idioma afrikáans.png
| mapcaption = ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱯ, ᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱝ
| notice = IPA
}}

[[File:WIKITONGUES- Roussow speaking Afrikaans.webm|thumb|ᱨᱳᱣᱥᱳ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱᱥ ᱮ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, [[:en:Wikitongues|ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱴᱟᱝᱥ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱠᱳᱨᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱾]]
[[File:WIKITONGUES- Alaric speaking Afrikaans.webm|thumb|ᱮᱞᱟᱨᱤᱠ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱᱥ ᱮ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, [[:en:Wikitongues|ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱴᱟᱝᱥ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱠᱳᱨᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ]]

'''ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱᱥ''' (ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱᱥ : Afrikaans) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ [[ᱵᱳᱛᱥᱳᱣᱟᱱᱟ]], [[ᱡᱟᱢᱵᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱤᱢᱵᱟᱵᱩᱭᱮ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱰᱟᱪ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |url = http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/kloe004herk01_01/kloe004herk01_01.pdf |title = Herkomst en groei van het Afrikaans |last=Kloeke |first = G. G. |publisher = Universitaire Pers Leiden |year=1950 |location=Leiden |language=Dutch |trans-title=Origin and growth of Afrikaans }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Heeringade Wet2015&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Heeringa |first1=Wilbert |last2 = de Wet |first2=Febe |last3 = van Huyssteen |first3 = Gerhard B. |title = The origin of Afrikaans pronunciation: a comparison to west Germanic languages and Dutch dialects |journal=Stellenbosch Papers in Linguistics Plus |volume=47|issue=0|year=2015 |ISSN = 2224-3380 |doi = 10.5842/47-0-649 |url = http://www.ajol.info/index.php/splp/article/view/133815 |doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱟᱪ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;coetzee&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url = http://www.dbnl.org/arch/coet003stan01_01/pag/coet003stan01_01.pdf |title = Standaard-Afrikaans |last=Coetzee |first=Abel |publisher = Pers van die Universiteit van die Witwatersrand |year=1948 |location=Johannesburg |trans-title=Standard Afrikaans |access-date = 2014-09-17 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ==

==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ==

==ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ==
==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱪᱷᱮᱨ==

==ᱨᱚᱱᱚᱲ==

==ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ==

==ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ==

==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{InterWiki |code = af }}
{{Wikivoyage|Afrikaans phrasebook|ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱᱥ|a phrasebook}}
{{Wikibooks|ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱᱥ}}
{{Wikiquote|ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱᱥ}}
* [https://afrikaans.com afrikaans.com]{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120604085505/http://hablaa.com/afrikaans-english/ Afrikaans English Online Dictionary at Hablaa]
* [http://www.majstro.com/dictionaries/Afrikaans-English/ Afrikaans-English Online Dictionary at majstro.com]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140518065425/http://www.openlanguages.net/Afrikaans/ Learn Afrikaans Online] (Open Learning Environment)
* [http://www.fak.org.za/ Federasie van Afrikaanse Kultuurvereniginge (FAK)] – Federation of Afrikaans Cultural Associations
* [http://www.wdl.org/en/item/4326 ''Dutch Writers from South Africa: A Cultural-Historical Study, Part I''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018060514/https://www.wdl.org/en/item/4326/ |date=2020-10-18 }} from the [[World Digital Library]]
* [http://www.ascleiden.nl/?q=content/webdossiers/afrikaans-literature-and-language ''Afrikaans Literature and Language'' Web dossier African Studies Centre, Leiden (2011)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130518170007/http://www.ascleiden.nl/?q=content/webdossiers/afrikaans-literature-and-language |date=2013-05-18 }}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱱᱟᱢᱤᱵᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱼᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ}}</text>
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{{Infobox language
|name=ᱡᱩᱞᱩ
|nativename=''isiZulu''
|pronunciation={{IPA-zu|isízṳːlu|}}
|states=[[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ]], [[ᱞᱮᱥᱳᱛᱷᱳ]], [[ᱮᱥᱣᱟᱛᱤᱱᱤ]]
|region=[[ᱠᱳᱣᱟᱡᱩᱞᱩᱼᱱᱟᱛᱟᱞ]], ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ [[ᱜᱟᱣᱴᱮᱝ]], ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ [[ᱯᱷᱨᱤ ᱮᱥᱴᱮᱴ]], ᱠᱚᱧᱮ [[ᱮᱢᱯᱩᱢᱟᱞᱟᱝᱜᱟ]]
|ethnicity = [[ᱡᱩᱞᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ]]
|speakers={{sigfig|11.97|2}} ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ (᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱦᱚᱲᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ)
|date     = 
|ref      = e18
|speakers2=[[ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|L2 ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱦᱚᱲ]]: {{sigfig|15.7|2}} ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ (᱒᱐᱐᱒)&lt;ref&gt;Webb, Vic. 2002. &quot;Language in South Africa: the role of language in national transformation, reconstruction and development&quot;, ''Impact: Studies in language and society'', 14:78&lt;/ref&gt;
|familycolor=Niger-Congo
|fam1=[[ᱱᱟᱭᱡᱟᱨᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱱᱟᱭᱡᱟᱨᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ]]
|fam2=[[ᱟᱴᱞᱟᱱᱴᱤᱠᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱟᱴᱞᱟᱱᱴᱤᱠᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ]]
|fam3=[[ᱵᱷᱳᱞᱴᱟᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱵᱷᱳᱞᱴᱟᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ]]
|fam4=[[ᱵᱮᱱᱩᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱵᱮᱱᱩᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ]]
|fam5=[[ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱳᱭᱮᱰ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱳᱭᱮᱰ]]
|fam6=[[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱳᱭᱮᱰ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱳᱭᱮᱰ]]
|fam7=[[ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱩ]]
|fam8=[[ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱩ]]
|fam9=[[ᱱᱜᱩᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱱᱜᱩᱱᱤ]]
|fam10=[[ᱢᱩᱱᱰᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱡᱩᱱᱰᱟ]]
|nation=[[File:Flag of South Africa.svg|22x20px]] [[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ]]
|agency=[[:en:Pan South African Language Board|ᱯᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱵᱳᱨᱰ]]
|script=[[ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ|ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ]] ([[ᱡᱩᱞᱩ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]])&lt;br&gt;[[ᱡᱩᱠᱩ ᱵᱽᱨᱮᱭᱤᱞ]]
|sign=[[:en:Signed Zulu|Signed Zulu]]
|iso1=zu
|iso2=zul
|iso3=zul
|glotto=zulu1248
|glottorefname=Zulu
|guthrie=S.42
|lingua=[http://linguasphere.info/?page=linguascale&amp;linguacode=99-AUT-fg 99-AUT-fg] incl.&lt;br&gt;varieties 99-AUT-fga to 99-AUT-fge
|map=South Africa Zulu speakers proportion map.svg
|mapcaption=ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱩᱞᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱩᱯᱟᱛ
{{div col}}
{{legend|#EDF8E9|᱐–᱒᱐%}}
{{legend|#BAE4B3|᱒᱐–᱔᱐%}}
{{legend|#74C476|᱔᱐–᱖᱐%}}
{{legend|#31A354|᱖᱐–᱘᱐%}}
{{legend|#006D2C|᱘᱐–᱑᱐᱐%}}
{{colend}}
|notice=IPA
}}

'''ᱡᱩᱞᱩ''' /ˈzuːluː/, ᱥᱮ '''ᱤᱥᱤᱡᱩᱞᱩ''', ᱫᱚ ᱱᱜᱽᱱᱤ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱩ]] ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱒ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱩᱞᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱠᱳᱣᱟᱡᱩᱞᱩᱼᱱᱟᱛᱟᱞ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱩᱠᱩ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ [[ᱜᱚᱜᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱚᱲ]] ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ (ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱒᱔%) ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱕᱐% ᱜᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣᱟ&lt;ref&gt;Ethnologue 2005&lt;/ref&gt; ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱑᱑ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

== ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱪᱷᱮᱨ ==
[[ᱨᱮᱫ:South_Africa_Zulu_speakers_density_map.svg|thumb|Geographical distribution of Zulu in South Africa: density of Zulu home-language speakers. 
 ]]

== ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ==

== ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ ==
*[[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ]]
*[[ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱳᱛᱷᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]

== ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==

* Dryer, Matthew S.; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). &quot;Zulu&quot;. World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
* The Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Zulu
* [http://salanguages.com/isizulu/ South African Languages: IsiZulu]{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [http://zipangz.homestead.com/untitled4.html A short English–isiZulu–Japanese phraselist] incl. sound file
* [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Zulu_Swadesh_list Zulu Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words] (from Wiktionary's [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Swadesh_lists Swadesh-list appendix])
* [http://www.languagesandnumbers.com/how-to-count-in-zulu/en/zul/ Counting in Zulu]

=== ᱠᱳᱨᱥ ᱠᱚ ===

* [http://www.memrise.com/course/82/zulu-with-dingani/ Zulu With Dingani - Online beginner's course] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160728025632/http://www.memrise.com/course/82/zulu-with-dingani/ |date=2016-07-28 }}
* [http://www.unisa.ac.za/Free_online_course/Zulu/Zulu.html University Of South Africa, free online course]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050306060945/http://www.newt.clara.co.uk/isizulu/ Sifunda isiZulu!]

=== ᱨᱚᱱᱚᱲ ===

* [http://learn101.org/zulu.php Zulu Grammar with Audio!]

=== ᱰᱤᱠᱥᱤᱱᱟᱨᱤ ===

* [http://www.bilingo.co.za/isizulu-1/ Bilingo SA - isiZulu Dictionary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427105057/http://www.bilingo.co.za/isizulu-1/ |date=2015-04-27 }}
* [https://isizulu.net/ isiZulu.net Zulu–English Online Dictionary]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040413044749/http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/Zulu-english/ Zulu–English Dictionary]

=== ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱜᱚᱡᱽ ===

* [http://www.isolezwe.co.za/ Isolezwe]
* Ilanga
* UmAfrika
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120206125747/http://isizulu.news24.com/ Izindaba News24]

=== ᱥᱚᱯᱷᱣᱮᱨ ===

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070114015602/http://translate.org.za/content/view/1610/54/ Spell checker for OpenOffice.org and Mozilla], [https://web.archive.org/web/20070324112647/http://translate.org.za/content/view/17/32/ OpenOffice.org], [https://web.archive.org/web/20070210160756/http://translate.org.za/content/view/1611/54/ Mozilla Firefox web-browser], and [https://web.archive.org/web/20070324203655/http://translate.org.za/content/view/1612/54/ Mozilla Thunderbird email program] in Zulu
* [http://translate.org.za/ Translate.org.za] Project to translate Free and Open Source Software into all the official languages of South Africa including Zulu
* [http://www.panafril10n.org/wikidoc/pmwiki.php/PanAfrLoc/Zulu PanAfrican L10n wiki page on Zulu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241214010255/http://www.panafril10n.org/wikidoc/pmwiki.php/PanAfrLoc/Zulu |date=2024-12-14 }}

=== ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ===

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051027002008/http://literature.kzn.org.za/lit/index.html KwaZulu-Natal Literary Map]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱩᱞᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱱᱟᱭᱡᱟᱨᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
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      <text bytes="6187" sha1="gd57ax7jjyb0nabv5gba1gsr98u3ny3" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox language family
| name = ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱳᱼᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱴᱤᱠ
| region = [[ᱢᱟᱞᱴᱟ]], [[ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱮᱨᱮᱧ]], [[ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ]], [[ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱞ]], [[ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]]&lt;!-- Primary speech area - see map below. Per [[Template:Infobox language]], this parameter is reserved for &quot;geographic region in which it is mainly spoken&quot;. --&gt;
| familycolor = Afro-Asiatic
| family = ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ]]
| protoname = [[ᱯᱨᱳᱴᱳᱼᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱼᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱯᱨᱳᱴᱳᱼᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱼᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱴᱤᱠ]]
| child1 = [[:en:Berber languages|ᱵᱟᱨᱵᱮᱨ]]
| child2 = [[ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱤᱠ]]
| child3 = [[ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱴᱤᱠ]]
| child4 = [[ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱢᱤᱥᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]]
| child5 = [[ᱳᱢᱳᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱳᱢᱳᱴᱤᱠ]]
| child6 = [[ᱥᱮᱢᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱥᱮᱢᱮᱴᱤᱠ]]
| iso2 = afa
| iso5 = afa
| glotto = afro1255
| glottorefname = Afro-Asiatic
| map = Detailed Afroasiatic map.svg
| mapcaption = ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱳᱼᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ
| ancestor = 
| glottoname = 
| notes = 
}}

'''ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱳᱼᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱴᱤᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ''' ᱥᱮ '''ᱥᱟᱢᱤᱼᱦᱟᱢᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ'''&lt;ref&gt;Robert Hetzron, &quot;Afroasiatic Languages&quot; in Bernard Comrie, ''The World's Major Languages'', 2009, {{ISBN|113426156X}}, p. 545&lt;/ref&gt; ([[ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]]: Afro-Asiatic languages) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ [[ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱐᱐ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]], [[ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ]], [[ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱮᱨᱮᱧ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱟᱦᱮᱞ]] ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ&lt;ref name=&quot;ethnologue.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ethnologue.com/show_family.asp?subid=52-16|title=Browse by Language Family|website=ethnologue.com|access-date=14 April 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱾

==ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ==

==ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ==

==ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ==

==ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱳᱼᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ==
==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121021195002/http://multitree.org/codes/afas Afro-Asiatic] at the Linguist List MultiTree Project (not functional as of 2014): Genealogical trees attributed to Delafosse 1914, Greenberg 1950–1955, Greenberg 1963, Fleming 1976, Hodge 1976, Orel &amp; Stolbova 1995, Diakonoff 1996–1998, Ehret 1995–2000, Hayward 2000, Militarev 2005, Blench 2006, and Fleming 2006
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090104234232/http://community.livejournal.com/terra_linguarum/95880.html Afro-Asiatic and Semitic genealogical trees], presented by Alexander Militarev at his talk &quot;Genealogical classification of Afro-Asiatic languages according to the latest data&quot; at the conference on the 70th anniversary of [[V.M. Illich-Svitych]], Moscow, 2004; [https://web.archive.org/web/20100818025156/http://community.livejournal.com/terra_linguarum/95627.html short annotations of the talks given there] (ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱛᱮ)
* [http://starling.rinet.ru/Texts/afrfarm.pdf The prehistory of a dispersal: the Proto-Afrasian (Afroasiatic) farming lexicon], by Alexander Militarev in &quot;Examining the Farming/Language Dispersal Hypothesis&quot;, eds. P. Bellwood &amp; C. Renfrew. (McDonald Institute Monographs.) Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, 2002, p. 135–50.
* [http://starling.rinet.ru/Texts/fleming.pdf Once More About Glottochronology And The Comparative Method: The Omotic-Afrasian case], by Alexander Militarev in &quot;Aspects of Comparative Linguistics&quot;, v. 1. Moscow: RSUH Publishers, 2005, pp. 339–408.
* [http://starling.rinet.ru/Texts/semroot.pdf Root Extension And Root Formation In Semitic And Afrasian], by Alexander Militarev in &quot;Proceedings of the Barcelona Symposium on comparative Semitic&quot;, 19-20/11/2004. Aula Orientalis 23/1-2, 2005, pp. 83–129.
* [http://starling.rinet.ru/Texts/akkegypt.pdf Akkadian-Egyptian lexical matches], by Alexander Militarev in &quot;Papers on Semitic and Afroasiatic Linguistics in Honor of Gene B. Gragg.&quot; Ed. by Cynthia L. Miller. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 60. Chicago: The Oriental Institute, 2007, p. 139–145.
* [http://www.tufs.ac.jp/ts/personal/ratcliffe/comp%20&amp;%20method-Ratcliffe.pdf A comparison of Orel-Stolbova's and Ehret's Afro-Asiatic reconstructions]
* [http://www.uio.no/studier/emner/hf/iln/LING2110/v07/THEIL%20Is%20Omotic%20Afroasiatic.pdf &quot;Is Omotic Afro-Asiatic?&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224154313/https://www.uio.no/studier/emner/hf/iln/LING2110/v07/THEIL%20Is%20Omotic%20Afroasiatic.pdf |date=2021-02-24 }} by Rolf Theil (2006)
* [http://www.nacal.org NACAL] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180524161410/http://www.nacal.org/ |date=2018-05-24 }} The North American Conference on Afroasiatic Linguistics, now in its 35th year
* [http://www.rogerblench.info/Language/Afroasiatic/AAOP.htm Afro-Asiatic webpage] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225173423/http://www.rogerblench.info/Language/Afroasiatic/AAOP.htm |date=2021-02-25 }} of [[Roger Blench]] (with [http://rogerblench.info/Language/Afroasiatic/General/AALIST.pdf family tree] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203055600/http://rogerblench.info/Language/Afroasiatic/General/AALIST.pdf |date=2024-12-03 }}).

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]

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      <text bytes="4401" sha1="lc5259bh9jn8pklpsjplijgk6kv789v" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox language
|name=ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ 
|altname= ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ
|nativename=古文 ᱥᱮ 文言
|region=[[ᱪᱤᱱ]], [[ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱ]], [[ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛᱱᱟᱢ]]
|era=5th century BC to 2nd century AD; continued as a [[literary language]] until the 20th century
|familycolor=[[ᱪᱤᱱᱟᱼᱛᱤᱵᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ|ᱪᱤᱱᱟᱼᱛᱤᱵᱵᱚᱛᱤ]]
|fam2=[[ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱴᱤᱠ]]
|script=[[ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱟᱠᱷᱚᱨ]]&lt;br&gt;(ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱜᱮ [[:en:Traditional Chinese|traditional]])
|iso3=lzh
|glotto=lite1248
|glottorefname=Literary Chinese
|lingua=79-AAA-aa 
|notice=IPA
}}
{{Infobox Chinese
| c = 文言文
| l = &quot;literary language writing&quot;
| p = wényánwén
| w = wen&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;-yen&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; wen&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
| gr = wenyan wen
| j = man&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;-jin&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; man&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;
| y = màhn-yìhn màhn
| poj = bûn-giân bûn
| buc = ùng-ngiòng-ùng
| gan = mun&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;-ngien&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; mun&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;
| wuu = ven yiẽ ven
| oc-bs = &amp;ast;mən ŋan mən
| t = 
| s = 
| mi = 
| ci = 
| altname = 祖大天王
}}

'''ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ''' ᱥᱮ '''ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ''' (文言文, ''ᱣᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱣᱮᱱ'') ᱫᱚ [[:en:Spring and Autumn period|ᱦᱮᱢᱟᱞᱼᱦᱟᱶᱭᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱞ (ᱚᱠᱛᱚ)]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[:en:Han dynasty|ᱦᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ]] ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ]] ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱴᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱵᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐ ᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱛᱟᱵᱽᱫᱤ (20th century) ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱫ ᱪᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱ, ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛᱱᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱵᱷᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱨᱚᱱᱚᱲ==

==ᱱᱮᱵᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ==

==ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ==

==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{wikibooks}}
{{wikibooks|zh:文言}}
{{InterWiki|code=lzh}}
* [http://chinesenotes.com/classical_chinese.html Chinese Notes: Introduction to Classical Chinese] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109034009/http://chinesenotes.com/classical_chinese.html |date=2021-01-09 }}, Alex Amies, 2013
* [http://chinesetexts.stanford.edu/ Chinese Texts: A Classical Chinese course] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611024807/http://chinesetexts.stanford.edu/ |date=2015-06-11 }}, Mark Edward Lewis, 2014
* [https://scholarworks.iu.edu/dspace/handle/2022/23480  Literary Chinese], Robert Eno, 2012-2013 (to access the book use provided PDF index file) 
* [http://religiousstudies.stanford.edu/a-primer-in-chinese-buddhist-writings/ A Primer in Chinese Buddhist Writings] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170611085351/http://religiousstudies.stanford.edu/a-primer-in-chinese-buddhist-writings/ |date=2017-06-11 }}, John Kieschnick, 2015
*[https://www.umass.edu/wsp/archive/reference/books/cikoski/index.html Classical Chinese Lexicon] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200128212036/https://www.umass.edu/wsp/archive/reference/books/cikoski/index.html |date=2020-01-28 }}, John Cikoski, 2011

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ| ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱪᱟᱭᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ</title>
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      <text bytes="11690" sha1="g9sze3pz0ankutmlrve65492npx5vbv" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name                   = ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
| settlement_type        = [[ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ|ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| total_type             = ᱜᱩᱴ
| native_name            = 
| image_map              = India Uttar Pradesh districts 2012 Ghaziabad.svg
| map_caption            = ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ
| coordinates            = 
| coor_pinpoint          = ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ, ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ
| subdivision_type       = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ
| subdivision_name       = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_type1      = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_name1      = [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]]
| subdivision_type2      = ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ
| subdivision_name2      = [[ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ|ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴ]]
| established_title      = ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ 
| established_date       = 
| seat_type              = ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ
| seat                   = [[ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ]]
| parts_type             = ᱛᱚᱦᱥᱤᱞ
| parts_style            = para
| p1                     = ᱓
| area_total_km2         = 1273
| area_footnotes         = 
| population_as_of       = ᱒᱐᱑᱑
| population_total       = ᱔,᱖᱘᱑,᱖᱔᱕
| population_footnotes   = 
| population_urban       = ᱗᱖.᱕᱕% 
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1     = ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ
| demographics1_title1   = ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ
| demographics1_info1    = ᱘᱙%
| demographics1_title2   = ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ
| demographics1_info2    = ᱘᱖᱐ (᱒᱐᱐᱑)
| leader_title           = 
| leader_name            = 
| leader_title1          = [[ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ|ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ]]
| leader_name1           = ᱑. [[ᱢᱮᱨᱟᱴ (ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ)|ᱢᱮᱨᱟᱴ]] (shared with [[ᱢᱮᱨᱟᱴ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]) ᱒. [[ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ (ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ)|ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ]]
| leader_title2          = [[ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ]]
| leader_name2           = ᱕
| timezone1              = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1            = +᱐᱕:᱓᱐
| registration_plate     = 
| blank_name_sec1        = ᱢᱩᱬ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ
| blank_info_sec1        = NH58, NH24, NH91
| blank_name_sec2        = 
| blank_info_sec2        = 
}}

'''ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ''' ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱᱚᱜᱽᱨᱤᱭ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [[ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱨᱟᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱵᱮᱰᱨᱩᱢ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ==
᱑᱙᱗᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ, ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱨᱟᱴ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱛᱚᱦᱥᱤᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱔ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱗᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱤᱜ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱰᱤ ᱛᱤᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱒᱕᱕᱐ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ghaziabad.nic.in/en/about-district/|title=About District|website=Ghaziabad District official page|access-date=22 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ==
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱯᱟᱛ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ [[ᱦᱟᱯᱩᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱩᱞᱚᱸᱫᱽᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱳᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [[ᱡᱚᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱾ ᱦᱤᱸᱰᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ==
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱮᱞᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱚᱨᱟᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱢᱚᱨᱟᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ [[ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ (᱗᱕ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ) ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;districtcensus&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱔᱖ ᱘᱑,᱖᱔᱕ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ,&lt;ref name=&quot;districtcensus&quot;/&gt; ᱟᱭᱟᱨᱞᱮᱸᱰ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ &lt;ref name=&quot;cia&quot;&gt;{{cite web| title = Country Comparison : Population| url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html| access-date = 2011-10-01| website = Cia.gov| quote = Ireland: 4,670,976, July 2011 est.| archive-date = 2011-09-27| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927165947/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html| url-status = dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱮᱨᱚᱞᱤᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |title=2010 Resident Population Data |publisher=U. S. Census Bureau |access-date=2011-09-30 |quote=South Carolina: 4,625,364 |url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721072426/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |archive-date=21 July 2011 |df=dmy }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱘ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ (ᱜᱩᱴ ᱖᱔᱐ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱸᱠᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=districtcensus/&gt; ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱓,᱙᱖᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱑᱐,᱒᱗᱐/ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱤᱞ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=districtcensus/&gt; ᱒᱐᱐᱑ᱼ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱜᱽᱨᱚᱴ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱔᱑.᱖᱖% ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=districtcensus/&gt; ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱑᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱘᱗᱘ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ,&lt;ref name=districtcensus/&gt; ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱕% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=districtcensus/&gt;

᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱔᱖,᱖᱑,᱔᱕᱒ (ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ) ᱦᱚᱲ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱒,᱔᱘᱑,᱘᱐᱓ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱑,᱗᱙,᱖᱔᱙ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱾ ᱦᱟᱯᱩᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱓᱓,᱒᱓,᱒᱔᱑ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒.᱓᱓% ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱩᱱᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱔᱐᱖᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱔᱐.᱖᱖% ᱜᱽᱨᱚᱴ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱜᱽᱨᱚᱴ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱘᱕% ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

===ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ===
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ, ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱐.᱙᱖% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]], ᱗.᱕᱖% [[ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱩᱨᱫᱩ]] ᱟᱨ ᱐.᱔᱙% [[ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱾

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{commons category|ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ}}
*[http://ghaziabad.nic.in/ Ghaziabad district website]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20111012041600/http://www.ghaziabadnet.com/ Ghaziabad community website]
*[https://gashi-qoton-boutique.business.site/ Business Website]{{Dead link|date=June 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

{{Geographic location
|Centre    = ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
|North     = [[ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
|Northeast = 
|East      = [[ᱦᱟᱯᱩᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
|Southeast = [[ᱵᱩᱞᱮᱸᱫᱽᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
|South     = [[ᱜᱳᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
|Southwest = 
|West      = [[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ|NCT]] &lt;br&gt;[[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ|NCT]] &lt;br&gt; [[ᱠᱤᱧᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ|NCT]] &lt;br&gt; [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ|NCT]]
|Northwest = [[ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱯᱟᱛ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
}}

{{ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ}}
{{ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ}}

{{coord|28.6667|N|77.4333|E|type:adm3rd_source:itwiki|display=title}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ| ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ (ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ)]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>192946</id>
      <parentid>192945</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-19T12:36:42Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="11696" sha1="m099n6j134ydw0hs0auc8l3hxgklsn0" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name                   = ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
| settlement_type        = [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ|ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| total_type             = ᱜᱩᱴ
| native_name            = 
| image_map              = India Uttar Pradesh districts 2012 Ghaziabad.svg
| map_caption            = ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ
| coordinates            = 
| coor_pinpoint          = ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ, ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ
| subdivision_type       = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ
| subdivision_name       = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_type1      = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_name1      = [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]]
| subdivision_type2      = ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ
| subdivision_name2      = [[ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ|ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴ]]
| established_title      = ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ 
| established_date       = 
| seat_type              = ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ
| seat                   = [[ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ]]
| parts_type             = ᱛᱚᱦᱥᱤᱞ
| parts_style            = para
| p1                     = ᱓
| area_total_km2         = 1273
| area_footnotes         = 
| population_as_of       = ᱒᱐᱑᱑
| population_total       = ᱔,᱖᱘᱑,᱖᱔᱕
| population_footnotes   = 
| population_urban       = ᱗᱖.᱕᱕% 
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1     = ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ
| demographics1_title1   = ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ
| demographics1_info1    = ᱘᱙%
| demographics1_title2   = ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ
| demographics1_info2    = ᱘᱖᱐ (᱒᱐᱐᱑)
| leader_title           = 
| leader_name            = 
| leader_title1          = [[ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ|ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ]]
| leader_name1           = ᱑. [[ᱢᱮᱨᱟᱴ (ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ)|ᱢᱮᱨᱟᱴ]] (shared with [[ᱢᱮᱨᱟᱴ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]) ᱒. [[ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ (ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ)|ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ]]
| leader_title2          = [[ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ]]
| leader_name2           = ᱕
| timezone1              = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1            = +᱐᱕:᱓᱐
| registration_plate     = 
| blank_name_sec1        = ᱢᱩᱬ ᱥᱟᱦᱟᱨ
| blank_info_sec1        = NH58, NH24, NH91
| blank_name_sec2        = 
| blank_info_sec2        = 
}}

'''ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ''' ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱡᱚᱜᱚᱱᱚᱜᱽᱨᱤᱭ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [[ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱨᱟᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]] ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱵᱮᱰᱨᱩᱢ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ==
᱑᱙᱗᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ, ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱨᱟᱴ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱛᱚᱦᱥᱤᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱔ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱗᱖ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱤᱜ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱰᱤ ᱛᱤᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱒᱕᱕᱐ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://ghaziabad.nic.in/en/about-district/|title=About District|website=Ghaziabad District official page|access-date=22 August 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ==
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱯᱟᱛ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ [[ᱦᱟᱯᱩᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱩᱞᱚᱸᱫᱽᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱳᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱮᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [[ᱡᱚᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱾ ᱦᱤᱸᱰᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ==
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱮᱞᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱚᱨᱟᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱢᱚᱨᱟᱫᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ [[ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ (᱗᱕ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ) ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;districtcensus&quot;&gt;{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱔᱖ ᱘᱑,᱖᱔᱕ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ,&lt;ref name=&quot;districtcensus&quot;/&gt; ᱟᱭᱟᱨᱞᱮᱸᱰ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ &lt;ref name=&quot;cia&quot;&gt;{{cite web| title = Country Comparison : Population| url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html| access-date = 2011-10-01| website = Cia.gov| quote = Ireland: 4,670,976, July 2011 est.| archive-date = 2011-09-27| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927165947/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html| url-status = dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱠᱮᱨᱚᱞᱤᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱨᱤ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |title=2010 Resident Population Data |publisher=U. S. Census Bureau |access-date=2011-09-30 |quote=South Carolina: 4,625,364 |url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721072426/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |archive-date=21 July 2011 |df=dmy }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱘ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ (ᱜᱩᱴ ᱖᱔᱐ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱸᱠᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=districtcensus/&gt; ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱓,᱙᱖᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱑᱐,᱒᱗᱐/ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱤᱞ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=districtcensus/&gt; ᱒᱐᱐᱑ᱼ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱜᱽᱨᱚᱴ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱔᱑.᱖᱖% ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=districtcensus/&gt; ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱑᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱘᱗᱘ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ,&lt;ref name=districtcensus/&gt; ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱕% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=districtcensus/&gt;

᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱔᱖,᱖᱑,᱔᱕᱒ (ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ) ᱦᱚᱲ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱒,᱔᱘᱑,᱘᱐᱓ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱑,᱗᱙,᱖᱔᱙ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱾ ᱦᱟᱯᱩᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱓᱓,᱒᱓,᱒᱔᱑ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒.᱓᱓% ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱩᱱᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱔᱐᱖᱐ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱔᱐.᱖᱖% ᱜᱽᱨᱚᱴ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱜᱽᱨᱚᱴ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱘᱕% ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

===ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ===
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ, ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱐.᱙᱖% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]], ᱗.᱕᱖% [[ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱩᱨᱫᱩ]] ᱟᱨ ᱐.᱔᱙% [[ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱾

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{commons category|ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ}}
*[http://ghaziabad.nic.in/ Ghaziabad district website]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20111012041600/http://www.ghaziabadnet.com/ Ghaziabad community website]
*[https://gashi-qoton-boutique.business.site/ Business Website]{{Dead link|date=June 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

{{Geographic location
|Centre    = ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
|North     = [[ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
|Northeast = 
|East      = [[ᱦᱟᱯᱩᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
|Southeast = [[ᱵᱩᱞᱮᱸᱫᱽᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
|South     = [[ᱜᱳᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
|Southwest = 
|West      = [[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ|NCT]] &lt;br&gt;[[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ|NCT]] &lt;br&gt; [[ᱠᱤᱧᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ|NCT]] &lt;br&gt; [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ|NCT]]
|Northwest = [[ᱵᱟᱜᱽᱯᱟᱛ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
}}

{{ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ}}
{{ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ}}

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[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱜᱟᱡᱤᱭᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ| ]]
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| region      = [[ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]], ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱟᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱡ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯ]]
| familycolor = Altaic
| family      = ᱟᱫᱚᱢ‌ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ [[ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱛᱟᱵᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱮᱢᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱫᱚ ''[[:en:Sprachbund|ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱪᱵᱚᱱᱰ]]'' ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ
| child1      = [[ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤᱠ]]
| child2      = [[ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱠ]]
| child3      = [[ᱛᱩᱝᱜᱩᱥᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱛᱩᱝᱜᱩᱥᱤᱠ]]
| child4      = [[ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱᱤᱠ]] (ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜᱼᱟ)
| child5      = [[ᱡᱟᱯᱳᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱡᱟᱯᱳᱱᱤᱠ]] (ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜᱼᱟ)
| iso2        = tut
| iso5        = tut
| glotto      = none
| map         = Lenguas altaicas.png
| mapcaption  = 
{{Legend|#00008B|[[ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ]]}}
{{Legend|#32CD32|[[ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ]]}}
{{Legend|#FF0000|[[ᱛᱩᱝᱜᱩᱥᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ]]}} 
{{Legend|#FFD700|[[ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ]]}} (ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜᱼᱟ)
{{Legend|#8B008B|[[ᱡᱟᱯᱳᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ]]}} (ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜᱼᱟ)
{{Legend|#8B0000|[[ᱟᱭᱱᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]}} (ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜᱼᱟ)
}}

'''ᱟᱞᱴᱤᱠ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[:en:Sprachbund|ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]] ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱛᱟᱵᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ [[ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤᱠ]], [[ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱠ ᱠᱷᱟᱞᱠᱷᱟ|ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱛᱩᱝᱜᱩᱥᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱛᱩᱝᱜᱩᱥᱤᱠ]] ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱶ [[ᱡᱟᱯᱳᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱡᱟᱯᱳᱱᱤᱠ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱠᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱᱤᱠ]] ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ&lt;ref name=georg1999&gt;{{cite journal |given1=Stefan |surname1=Georg |author-link1=Stefan Georg|given2=Peter A. |surname2=Michalove |given3=Alexis Manaster |surname3=Ramer |given4=Paul J. |surname4=Sidwell |year=1999 |title=Telling general linguists about Altaic |journal=Journal of Linguistics |volume=35 |issue=1 |pages=65–98 |doi=10.1017/S0022226798007312 }}&lt;/ref&gt;{{rp|73}} ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱚᱼᱨᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱛᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ [[ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ (᱓᱕° ᱮᱛᱚᱢ) ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱟᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ [[ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ, [[ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱱ]] ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://starling.rinet.ru/maps/maps23.php?lan=en|title=Interactive Maps The Altaic Family from The Tower of Babel|publisher=Starling.rinet.ru|access-date=18 June 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱾ [[ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱟᱞᱛᱟᱭ ᱵᱩᱨᱩᱢᱟᱞᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ [[:en:Comparative linguistics|ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟᱭᱤᱡ ᱯᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱜᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱟᱞᱯᱚᱱᱤᱠ (hypothetical) ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ, ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱧᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱣ ᱠᱩᱡ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author=Gözaydin N.|date= 2006|title= Dergi ve kitap dünyasïndan, Türk Dili, 653: 467–71.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal | last1=Dybo|first1=Anna|title=New Trends in European Studies on the Altaic Problem|date=March 2020|journal=Journal of Language Relationship|volume=14|issue=1–2|pages=71–106|doi=10.31826/jlr-2017-141-208|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;MilletTungusic&quot;&gt;{{cite journal |last1= Li|first1= Tao|last2= Zhushchikhovskaya|first2= Irina S.|last3=Hudson|first3=Mark J.|last4=Robbets|first4=Martine|date= June 2020|title= Millet agriculture dispersed from Northeast China to the Russian Far East: Integrating archaeology, genetics, and linguistics|journal= Archaeological Research in Asia|url= https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352226719300534|volume= 22|page= 100177|doi= 10.1016/j.ara.2020.100177|doi-access= free}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱾

==ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ==

==ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱜᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ‌==

==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{sister project |project=wiktionary |text=[[Wiktionary]] has word lists at '''''[[Wiktionary:Appendix:Altaic word lists|Appendix:Altaic word lists]]'''''}}
{{commons category}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130413123208/http://multitree.org/codes/altc Altaic] at the Linguist List MultiTree Project (not functional as of 2014): Genealogical trees attributed to Ramstedt 1957, Miller 1971, and Poppe 1982
*[http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Swadesh_lists_for_Altaic_languages Swadesh vocabulary lists for Altaic languages] (from Wiktionary's [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Swadesh_lists Swadesh-list appendix])
*[http://altaica.ru Monumenta altaica] Altaic linguistics website, maintained by Ilya Gruntov
*[http://starling.rinet.ru/maps/maps23.php?lan=en ''Altaic Etymological Dictionary'', database version] by Sergei A. Starostin, Anna V. Dybo, and Oleg A. Mudrak (does not include introductory chapters)
*[http://www.linguistlist.org/issues/5/5-911.html LINGUIST List 5.911] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080926142505/http://linguistlist.org/issues/5/5-911.html |date=2008-09-26 }} defense of Altaic by Alexis Manaster Ramer (1994)
*[http://www.linguistlist.org/issues/5/5-926.html LINGUIST List 5.926] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190830143519/https://linguistlist.org/issues/5/5-926.html |date=2019-08-30 }} 1. Remarks by Alexander Vovin. 2. Clarification by J. Marshall Unger. (1994)

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱟᱞᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
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''' ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱭᱱᱰ''' ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱩᱫᱟᱹ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ‌ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱟᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱨᱵᱷ ᱵᱷᱚᱢᱤᱠ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;For example, [[vocalist]]s [[Girls Aloud]] have been referred to as a &quot;girl band&quot; in [https://web.archive.org/web/20130617035650/http://www.ok.co.uk/fashion/view/8555/Meet-the-duo-dressing-Girls-Aloud ''OK'' magazine] and the [https://www.theguardian.com/music/2008/nov/09/girlsaloud-the-xfactor ''Guardian''], while [[Girlschool]] are termed a &quot;girl group&quot; at [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0320918/bio ''IMDb''] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20121010214910/http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/entertainment/music/reviews/the-hedrons-13401497.html?startindex=-1 ''Belfast Telegraph''].&lt;/ref&gt;  ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱨᱳᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱳᱯ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱳᱞ - ᱱᱚᱨ - ᱵᱮᱭᱱᱰ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱳᱞ ᱯᱷᱤᱢᱮᱞ ᱯᱮᱭᱱᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾

== ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱯ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱣ ==
ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱭᱱᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱭᱠᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ /ᱥᱟᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱝ ᱪᱳᱣᱠᱲᱤ ᱵᱚᱱᱰ ᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱭᱚ ᱠᱨᱚᱥᱳᱵᱷᱚᱨ (ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱭᱞᱤᱱ, ᱣᱟᱭᱳᱞᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱞᱳ) ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱯᱚᱴᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱰᱮᱭᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱮᱭᱱᱰ ᱳᱞ ᱯᱷᱤᱢᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ-ᱟ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱮᱞᱮᱰᱤᱠ ᱞᱳᱠ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱥᱯᱭᱚᱨᱥ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱱᱥᱮᱴ ᱨᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{Commons category|All-female musical groups}}
* [http://www.girlband.org GirlBand.org]
* [http://www.metalmaidens.com/home.htm Metal Maidens fanzine]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081009220437/http://www.jennywoolworth.ch/archive/archive.html Women in Punk Archive] maintained by Nicole Emmenegger (aka Jenny Woolworth)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090406135406/http://www.silentera.com/PSFL/data/H/HelenLewisandHerAllGir192X.html ''Helen Lewis and Her All-Girl Jazz Syncopators'' at Silent Era]
* [http://www.metaladies.com Metaladies.com] All-Female Metal Bands
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:All-Female Band}}
[[Category:ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]]
[[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱭᱱᱰ| ]]
[[Category: ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱞᱩᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-20T00:31:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>3665</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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      <text bytes="4489" sha1="n7ipq7g8tjpf8n1qq0hpm0g3k6k6gvj" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox language
| name = ᱞᱩᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ
| altname = ᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ
| nativename = {{lang|lg|Luganda}}/{{lang|lg|Oluganda}} 
| states = [[ᱩᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ]]
| region = [[ᱵᱩᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ]]
| ethnicity = [[ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱᱟ]]
| speakers = ᱘.᱕ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ
| familycolor = Niger-Congo
| fam1 = [[ᱱᱟᱭᱡᱟᱨᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱱᱟᱭᱡᱟᱨᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ]]
| fam2 = [[ᱟᱴᱞᱟᱱᱴᱤᱠᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱟᱴᱞᱟᱱᱴᱤᱠᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ]]
| fam3 = [[ᱵᱷᱳᱞᱴᱟᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱵᱷᱳᱞᱴᱟᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ]]
| fam4 = [[ᱵᱮᱱᱩᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱵᱮᱱᱩᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ]]
| fam5 = [[ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱳᱭᱮᱰ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱳᱭᱮᱰ]]
| fam6 = [[ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱳᱭᱮᱰ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱳᱭᱮᱰ]]
| fam7 = [[ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱩ]]
| fam8 = [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝᱼᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱩ]]
| fam9 = [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱨᱦᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱨᱦᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱩ]]
| fam10 =ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱱᱟᱭᱟᱱᱡᱟ
|fam11=ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱱᱟᱭᱟᱱᱡᱟ
|protoname='''ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵᱼᱞᱩᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ'''
| iso1 = lg
| iso2 = lug
| iso3 = lug
| glotto = gand1255
| glottorefname = Ganda
| guthrie = JE.15
| script = [[ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ]] ([[ᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]])&lt;br&gt;[[ᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ ᱵᱽᱨᱮᱭᱤᱞ]]
| notice = IPA
}}{{Infobox ethnonym|ᱢᱩᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ|ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ|(ᱳ) ᱞᱩᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ|'''ᱩᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ'''|ᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ}}

'''ᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ''' ᱥᱮ '''ᱞᱩᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ'''  ᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱟᱨᱦᱟ]] ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ|ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱩᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ]] ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ [[ᱵᱟᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ]] ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ [[ᱠᱟᱢᱯᱟᱞᱟ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱩᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱟ ᱾

==ᱚᱨᱛᱷᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ==

==ᱨᱚᱱᱚᱲ==

==ᱮᱞᱠᱷᱟ==

==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{InterWiki|code=lg}}
{{Wikivoyage|Luganda phrasebook|Luganda|a phrasebook}}
* An excellent online summary of the Luganda language can be found at http://www.buganda.com/luganda.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101124071115/http://www.buganda.com/luganda.htm |date=2010-11-24 }}.
* Free online Luganda Dictionary on the Ganda Ancestry website https://web.archive.org/web/20080122111606/http://www.gandaancestry.com/dictionary/dictionary.php
* Free online talking Luganda Dictionary and Crossword Puzzle on the Ganda portal http://www.GandaSpace.com {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210323171414/http://www.gandaspace.com/ |date=2021-03-23 }}
* [https://archive.org/details/English-lugandaDictionary/ English–Luganda Dictionary for printing (24 pages, A5)]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040411033220/http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/definition/Luganda-english/ Luganda–English Dictionary]
* The website of a team developing Luganda language capability for computers is at https://web.archive.org/web/20080209115256/http://www.kizito.uklinux.net/
* [[Paradisec]] open access [http://catalog.paradisec.org.au/collections/AC1?items_page=2&amp;items_per_page=118 collection of recordings] in Luganda

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱱᱟᱭᱡᱟᱨᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱟᱴᱞᱟᱱᱴᱤᱠᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱵᱷᱳᱞᱴᱟᱼᱠᱚᱝᱜᱳ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱵᱟᱱᱴᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱩᱜᱟᱱᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱞᱟᱛᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱯ]]

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>16362</id>
    <revision>
      <id>192969</id>
      <parentid>156413</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-20T02:26:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>3665</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>192969</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="15437" sha1="giyynmrfduk6r7rxsxa25swi2hi1wrm" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ
| official_name                   = ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ
| native_name                     = &lt;!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. --&gt;
| other_name                      = Kovai or Covai &lt;!-- Please do not add any Indic script here either--&gt;
| settlement_type                 = ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚᱯᱚᱞᱤᱥ&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite report|url=http://www.cpcb.nic.in/EnvironmetalPlanning/ground/Chapter3.pdf|title=Chapter 3, Little Village of India|access-date=9 December 2017|publisher=Central Pollution Control Board, Govt of India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923210838/http://www.cpcb.nic.in/EnvironmetalPlanning/ground/Chapter3.pdf|archive-date=23 September 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| image_seal                      = 
| image_skyline                   = {{Photomontage
 |border=infobox
 |image_style=border:2;
 |total_width=300
 |perrow=1/2
| photo1a = Adiyogi Shiva Statue (233423143).jpeg
| photo4a =  PERUR PATTEESHWARAR TEMPLE.jpg
| photo2a =  Marudhamalai Murugan Temple Coimbatore.jpg
| photo3a =  Tnau CBE.jpg
| photo3b =  Gauss museum.jpg
| photo2b = Town_Hall_Coimbatore.jpg
| photo4b = Domestic terminal at CJB.JPG
| photo5a = Jawaharlal Nehru stadium, coimbatore.jpg
| spacing = 2
| color_border = black
| color = black
| size = 300
}}
| image_alt                       = 
| image_caption                   = ''From top, left to right'': [[Adiyogi Shiva statue]] at [[Velliangiri Mountains|Velliangiri Foothills]], [[Marudhamalai (temple)|Maruthamalai Murugan Temple]], [[Town Hall, Coimbatore| Town Hall]], [[Tamil Nadu Agricultural University]], [[Gass Forest Museum]], [[Perur Pateeswarar Temple]], [[Coimbatore International Airport]] and [[Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Coimbatore)|Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium]]
| nickname                        = ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱭ, ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱪᱮᱥᱴᱟᱨ
| map_alt                         = A map showing location of Coimbatore in India
| map_caption                     = ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ
| pushpin_map                     = India Tamil Nadu#India
| pushpin_label_position          = 
| pushpin_map_alt                 = 
| pushpin_map_caption             = 
| coordinates                     = {{coord|11|1|6|N|76|58|21|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type                = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ
| subdivision_name                = {{IND}}
| subdivision_type1               = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ]]
| subdivision_type3               = [[ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞᱱᱟᱰᱩ]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[ᱠᱚᱝᱜᱩ ᱱᱟᱰᱩ]]
| subdivision_name3               = [[ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| established_title               = 
| established_date                = 
| founder                         = 
| named_for                       = 
| government_type                 = ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ
| governing_body                  = ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ
| leader_title1                   = ᱢᱮᱭᱚᱨ
| leader_name1                    = Vacant
| unit_pref                       = Metric
| area_total_km2                  = 246.75
| area_metro_km2                  = 642.12
| area_rank                       = ᱒
| elevation_m                     = 411
| population_total                = 1,050,72᱒
| population_as_of                = ᱒᱐᱑᱑
| population_rank                 = ᱔᱑ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ
| population_metro                = 2,151,466
| population_blank1_title         = ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱸᱠ
| population_blank1               = ᱑᱖ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ
| population_demonym              = ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ
| demographics_type1              = ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ
| demographics1_title1            = ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱮᱛ
| timezone1                       = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1                     = +᱐᱕:᱓᱐
| postal_code_type                = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code                     = ᱖᱔᱑XXX
| area_code                       = [[Telephone numbers in India|+᱙᱑-᱐᱔᱒᱒]]
| area_code_type                  = STD Code
| registration_plate              = TN 37 (South), TN 38 &amp;  TN 66 (Central), TN 99 (West), TN 40 (Mettupalayam), TN 41(Pollachi)
| website                         = {{URL|https://www.ccmc.gov.in/}}
| footnotes                       =
| leader_title2                   = ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨ
| leader_name2                    = ᱛᱷᱤᱨᱩ. ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣᱮᱞ ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]]
| leader_title3                   = ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ
| leader_name3                    = ᱰᱟᱵᱤᱰᱥᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱵᱟᱥᱤᱨᱵᱟᱛᱷᱟᱱ [[Indian Police Service|IPS]]
| area_metro_footnotes            = 
| demographics1_info1             = [[ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ]], [[ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]]
}}

'''ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ''' ᱫᱚ '''ᱠᱳᱣᱟᱭ''' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] [[ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞᱱᱟᱰᱩ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ [[ᱱᱚᱭᱭᱟᱞ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱜᱷᱟᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞᱱᱟᱰᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱖ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱚᱫᱽᱱᱩᱨ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱪᱮᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱪᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱩᱜᱽᱲᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱤᱡᱽ ᱳᱯᱷ ᱞᱤᱵᱤᱝ ᱤᱱᱰᱮᱠᱥ ᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱪᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱟᱫ ᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾

==ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨ==


==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ==


==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ==
[[File:The Majestic Western Ghats along the Palakkad - Coimbatore Hwy 47.jpg|thumb|200px|ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ-ᱯᱚᱞᱚᱠᱠᱚᱲ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱜᱷᱟᱴ]]

ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ {{Coord|11|1|6|N|76|58|21|E|}} ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱴᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱔᱑᱑ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱑᱓᱔᱙ ᱯᱷᱤᱴ) ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞᱱᱟᱰᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱭᱭᱟᱞ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱖᱔᱒.᱑᱒ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱒᱔᱗.᱙᱒ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱤᱞ) ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱴᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;CP&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=INDIA: Tamil Nādu|url=http://www.citypopulation.de/India-TamilNadu.html|publisher=citypopulation.de|access-date=4 March 201᱖|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303165154/http://www.citypopulation.de/India-TamilNadu.html|archive-date=3 March 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱜᱷᱟᱴ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱞᱜᱤᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱭᱚᱥᱯᱷᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱡᱚᱨᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱭᱭᱟᱞ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟ,

==ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ==
{{Historical populations|align = left
|1871| 35310
|1881| 38967
|1891| 46383
|1901| 53080
|1911| 47000
|1921| 68000
|1931| 95000
|1941| 130348
|1951| 198000
|1961| 286000
|1971| 356000
|1981| 704000
|1991| 816321
|2001| 930882
|2011| 1050721
|footnote = Sources:
}}
[[File:Maruthamalai Rajagopuram.jpg|thumb|200px|[[ᱢᱚᱨᱩᱫᱚᱢᱞᱟᱭ|ᱢᱚᱨᱩᱫᱚᱢᱞᱟᱭ ᱢᱩᱨᱩᱜᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ]]]]
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱑,᱐᱕᱐,᱗᱒᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱠᱟᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱑,᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱙᱗ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ  ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱙᱒᱙ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ [[ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ]] ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱑᱐᱒,᱐᱖᱙ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱕᱒,᱒᱗᱕ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱔᱙,᱗᱙᱔ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱗᱒.᱙᱙% ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱹᱭᱞᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱒.᱔᱓% ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Census2001&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&amp;state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&amp;state5=999|archive-date=16 June 2004|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=1 January 2008|publisher= Census Commission of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱙᱓᱐,᱘᱘᱒ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=exp2&gt;{{cite news|last=Madhavan|first=Karthik|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/article2249069.ece|title=Slim chances for 3 local bodies to be a part of Corporation|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=19 July 2011|access-date=31 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216182815/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/article2249069.ece|archive-date=16 December 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=go1&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.tn.gov.in/dtp/gorders/maws_t_219_2010.pdf |title=Tamil Nadu GO N0 219  |access-date=31 January 2013 |publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu |year=2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120912173441/http://www.tn.gov.in/dtp/gorders/maws_t_219_2010.pdf |archive-date=12 September 2012  }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱒᱑,᱓᱖,᱙᱑᱖ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱕᱐.᱐᱘% ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱔᱙.᱙᱒% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;CP&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ua_2011&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Major Agglomerations|year=2011|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|publisher=The Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India|access-date=31 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017153124/http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|archive-date=17 October 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱘᱙.᱒᱓% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱗᱔.᱐᱔% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱙᱓.᱒᱗% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱘᱕.᱓% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱘.᱙% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱵᱚᱪᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱑᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱖᱔ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=2011UA&gt;{{cite web|title=Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above|year=2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|work=Censusindia|publisher=The Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India|access-date=17 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113152754/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|archive-date=13 November 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ==


==ᱦᱮᱡ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ==


==ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ==


==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{wiktionary|ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ}}
{{Commons category}}
* {{Wikivoyage-inline|ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ}}
* [https://www.ccmc.gov.in/ Coimbatore Municipal Corporation Website]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240627161411/https://www.ccmc.gov.in/ |date=2024-06-27 }}
* {{Cite NIE|wstitle=Coimbatore|short=x}}

{{ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮᱞᱢᱚᱲᱚᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ}}
{{Authority control}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ| ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱢᱟᱨᱴ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱚᱭᱮᱢᱵᱟᱴᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
      <sha1>giyynmrfduk6r7rxsxa25swi2hi1wrm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ</title>
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      <text bytes="17874" sha1="2wlvzqdpd2qptd56ez73zv5bsyn00pj" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Writing system
|name      = ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ
|altname   = తెలుగు లిపి
|type      = [[ᱟᱵᱩᱜᱤᱫᱟ]]
|time = c. ᱑᱓᱐᱐ CE–ᱱᱤᱛ&lt;ref name=epigraphy/&gt;
|languages = [[ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱠᱨᱤᱛ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱠᱨᱤᱛ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[ᱜᱳᱱᱰᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]]
|fam1=[[ᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱢᱤ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]]
|fam2=[[ᱵᱷᱟᱴᱴᱤᱯᱨᱳᱞᱩ]]&lt;ref&gt;Handbook of Literacy in Akshara Orthography, R. Malatesha Joshi, Catherine McBride(2019),p.29&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Harvnb|Salmon|1999|page=35}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|fam3=[[ᱠᱟᱫᱟᱢᱵᱽ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]]
|fam4=[[ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ-ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱚᱲ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | url=http://www.engr.mun.ca/~adluri/telugu/language/script/script1d.html | title=Evolution of Telugu Character Graphs | access-date=2013-07-22 | archive-date=2009-09-23 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090923234606/http://www.engr.mun.ca/~adluri/telugu/language/script/script1d.html | url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.engr.mun.ca/~adluri/telugu/language/script/chart.jpg |title=Archive copy |access-date=2021-11-25 |archive-date=2020-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724101434/http://www.engr.mun.ca/~adluri/telugu/language/script/chart.jpg |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|footnotes=[ᱚ] ᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱢᱤ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱢᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣᱟ᱾
|sisters=[[ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱚᱲ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ|ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱚᱲ]]
|unicode=[https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0C00.pdf U+0C00–U+0C7F]
|iso15924 = Telu
|sample=Telugu in Suranna font.png
|imagesize=200px
}}
{{Contains special characters|Indic}}
'''ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱩᱜᱩ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ''' ([[ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ]]: తెలుగు లిపి; ''ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱩᱜᱩ ᱞᱤᱯᱤ'') ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱢᱤ ᱪᱤᱠᱤᱠᱚ|ᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱢᱤ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱟᱵᱩᱜᱤᱫᱟ]] ᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱛᱮᱞᱮᱝᱜᱟᱱᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱱᱫᱷᱨᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲᱼᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱠᱨᱤᱛ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱠᱨᱤᱛ]] ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ [[ᱜᱳᱱᱰᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱪᱟᱞᱩᱠᱭᱚ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱷᱚᱰᱟᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱝᱜᱤ ᱪᱟᱞᱩᱠᱭᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱲᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱚᱲ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱤᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱢᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱠᱟᱫᱟᱢ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ|ᱠᱟᱫᱟᱢ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱷᱟᱴᱴᱤᱯᱨᱳᱞᱩ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ|ᱵᱷᱟᱴᱴᱤᱯᱨᱳᱞᱩ]] ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱨᱮ, ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱥᱟᱹᱬ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱟᱹᱫᱟᱹᱞ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=44340|title=Declaration of Telugu and Kannada as classical languages|work=Press Information Bureau|publisher=Ministry of Tourism and Culture, Government of India|access-date=31 October 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ==
[[ᱢᱳᱣᱨᱡᱳ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ|ᱢᱳᱣᱨᱡᱳ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ]] ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ [[ᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱢᱤ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ [[ᱠᱨᱟᱥᱱᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ [[ᱵᱷᱟᱴᱴᱤᱯᱨᱳᱞᱩ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ [[ᱜᱳᱣᱛᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱫᱽᱫᱷᱚ|ᱵᱩᱫᱽᱫᱷᱚ]] ᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱹᱯᱩᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱡ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;Antiquity of Telugu language and script: http://www.hindu.com/2007/12/20/stories/2007122054820600.htm&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.buddhavihara.in/ancient.htm Ananda Buddha Vihara&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930085421/http://www.buddhavihara.in/ancient.htm |date=2007-09-30 }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱥᱩᱨᱼᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ [[ᱜᱷᱟᱸᱴᱟᱥᱟᱞ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱥᱩᱞᱤᱢᱚᱴᱴᱚᱱᱚᱢ]] ᱵᱚᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱚ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ]] ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ [[ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.wuys.com/news/Article_Show.asp?ArticleID=8303 |title=The Great Stupa at Nagarjunakonda in Southern India-【佛学研究网】 佛教文化网 中国佛教网 中国佛学网 佛教信息网 佛教研究 佛学讲座 禅学讲座 吴言生说禅&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt; |access-date=2021-11-25 |archive-date=2014-11-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141104182905/http://www.wuys.com/news/Article_Show.asp?ArticleID=8303 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱵᱷᱟᱴᱴᱤᱯᱨᱳᱞᱩ ᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱢᱤ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱕ᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱭᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ [[ᱠᱟᱫᱟᱢᱵᱽ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]] ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱗ᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱭᱚᱛ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ-ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱚᱰ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ (ᱥᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ [[ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱚᱲ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱚᱲ]] ᱪᱤᱠᱤ) ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Diringer |first1=David |title=Alphabet a key to the history of mankind |date=1948 |page=381}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱑᱓᱐᱐ ᱥᱤ.ᱤ ᱠᱚᱛᱮ, ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱚᱲ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref name=epigraphy&gt;Indian Epigraphy: a guide to the study of inscriptions in Sanskrit, Prakrit, and the other Indo-Aryan languages, by Richard Solomon, Oxford University Press, 1998, p.41, {{ISBN|0-19-509984-2}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Writing Systems by Florian Coulmas, p. 228&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|last1=Murthy|first1=K.N.|last2=Rao|first2=G.U.|title=4.5 Telugu Script|url=http://www.tdil.meity.gov.in/pdf/Vishwabharat/5/4.5.pdf|access-date=2021-11-25|archive-date=2021-06-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210626115704/http://tdil.meity.gov.in/pdf/Vishwabharat/5/4.5.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱮᱛ [[ᱟᱞᱼᱵᱤᱨᱩᱱᱤ]] ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱜᱮ &quot;ᱟᱱᱫᱷᱨᱤ&quot; ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;
{{cite book
|author=Al-biruni
|author-link=Al-biruni
|title=English translation of 'Kitab-ul Hind'
|publisher=National Book Trust
|location=New Delhi}}
&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ==
ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮᱼᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱱ [[ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ]] ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱜᱟᱵᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱜ (Diacritic) ᱨᱩᱯ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ || భ (ᱵᱷᱚ) ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ || [[:en:ISO 15919|ᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ.ᱳ]] || [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ|ᱡ.ᱟ.ᱪ]]
! ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ || భ (ᱵᱷᱚ) ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ || [[:en:ISO 15919|ᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ.ᱳ]] || [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ|ᱡ.ᱟ.ᱪ]]
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | అ || style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | భ || a || {{IPA|/a/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | ఆ || style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | భా || ā || {{IPA|/aː/}}
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | ఇ || style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | భి || i || {{IPA|/i/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | ఈ || style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | భీ || ī || {{IPA|/iː/}}
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | ఉ || style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | భు || u || {{IPA|/u/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | ఊ || style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | భూ || ū || {{IPA|/uː/}}
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | ఋ || style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | భృ || r̥ || {{IPA|/ɾu/}} ([[syllabic r]])
| style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | ౠ || style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | భౄ || r̥̄ || {{IPA|/ɾuː/}}
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | ఌ  || style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | భౢ || l̥ || {{IPA|/lu/}} (syllabic l)
| style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | ౡ  || style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | భౣ || l̥̄ || {{IPA|/lu:/}}
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | ఎ || style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | భె || e || {{IPA|/e/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | ఏ || style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | భే || ē || {{IPA|/eː/}}
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | ఐ || style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | భై || ai || {{IPA|/aj/}}
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | ఒ || style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | భొ || o || {{IPA|/o/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | ఓ || style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | భో || ō || {{IPA|/oː/}}
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | ఔ || style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | భౌ || au || {{IPA|/aw/}}
|}

ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱵᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱥᱮ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ (ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ: a, u, o)᱾ ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱜ (diacritic) ᱨᱩᱯ ᱠᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱜᱟᱵᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱠᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱮ ᱟᱹᱨᱩᱭᱟ᱾ 

ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ:
{| style=&quot;background:transparent;&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | ఖ + ఈ (ీ) → ఖీ || {{IPA|/kʰa/}} + {{IPA|/iː/}} → {{IPA|/kʰiː/}}&lt;/tr&gt;

| style=&quot;font-size:18pt;&quot; | జ + ఉ (ు) → జు || {{IPA|/dʒa/}} + {{IPA|/u/}} → {{IPA|/dʒu/}}&lt;/tr&gt;
|}

==ᱠᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! ᱨᱩᱯ || [[:en:ISO 15919|ᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ.ᱳ]] || [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ|ᱡ.ᱟ.ᱪ]]
! ᱨᱩᱯ || [[:en:ISO 15919|ᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ.ᱳ]] || [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ|ᱡ.ᱟ.ᱪ]]
! ᱨᱩᱯ || [[:en:ISO 15919|ᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ.ᱳ]] || [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ|ᱡ.ᱟ.ᱪ]]
! ᱨᱩᱯ || [[:en:ISO 15919|ᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ.ᱳ]] || [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ|ᱡ.ᱟ.ᱪ]]
! ᱨᱩᱯ || [[:en:ISO 15919|ᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ.ᱳ]] || [[ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ|ᱡ.ᱟ.ᱪ]]
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | క || k || {{IPA|/k/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ఖ || kh || {{IPA|/kʰ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | గ || g || {{IPA|/ɡ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ఘ || gh || {{IPA|/ɡʱ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ఙ || ṅ || {{IPA|/ŋ/}}
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | చ || ch || {{IPA|/tʃ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ఛ || chh || {{IPA|/tʃʰ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | జ || j || {{IPA|/dʒ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ఝ || jh || {{IPA|/dʒʱ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ఞ || ñ || {{IPA|/ɲ/}}
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ట || ṭ || {{IPA|/ʈ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ఠ || ṭh || {{IPA|/ʈʰ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | డ || ḍ || {{IPA|/ɖ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ఢ || ḍh || {{IPA|/ɖʱ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ణ || ṇ || {{IPA|/ɳ/}}
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | త || t || {{IPA|/t/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | థ || th || {{IPA|/tʰ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ద || d || {{IPA|/d/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ధ || dh || {{IPA|/dʱ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | న || n || {{IPA|/n/}}
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ప || p || {{IPA|/p/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ఫ || ph || {{IPA|/pʰ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | బ || b || {{IPA|/b/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | భ || bh || {{IPA|/bʱ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | మ || m || {{IPA|/m/}}
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | య || y || {{IPA|/j/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ర || r || {{IPA|/ɾ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ల || l || {{IPA|/l/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | వ || v || {{IPA|/ʋ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ళ || ḷ || {{IPA|/ɭ/}}
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | శ || ś || {{IPA|/ʃ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ష || ṣ || {{IPA|/ʂ/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | స || s || {{IPA|/s/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | హ || h || {{IPA|/h/}}
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | ఱ || ṟ || {{IPA|/r/}}
|}

==ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱯᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! ᱨᱩᱯ || [[:en:ISO 15919|ᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ.ᱳ]]
! ᱨᱩᱯ || [[:en:ISO 15919|ᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ.ᱳ]]
! ᱨᱩᱯ || [[:en:ISO 15919|ᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ.ᱳ]]
! ᱨᱩᱯ || [[:en:ISO 15919|ᱟᱭ.ᱮᱥ.ᱳ]]
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | అం || aṁ
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | అఁ || an̆
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | అః || aḥ
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | క్ || k
|}

ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ:
{| style=&quot;background:transparent;&quot;
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; width=&quot;150px&quot; | క + ్ → క్ {{nbsp|2}} || {{IPA|[ka]}} + {{IPA|[∅]}} → {{IPA|[k]}}&lt;/tr&gt;
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | క + ఁ → కఁ || {{IPA|[ka]}} + {{IPA|[n]}} → {{IPA|[kan̆]}}&lt;/tr&gt;
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | క + ం → కం || {{IPA|[ka]}} + {{IPA|[m]}} → {{IPA|[kaṁ]}}&lt;/tr&gt;
| style=&quot;font-size:14pt;&quot; | క + ః → కః || {{IPA|[ka]}} + {{IPA|[h]}} → {{IPA|[kaḥ]}}&lt;/tr&gt;
|}

==ᱮᱞ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; font-size:200%;&quot;
|- style=&quot;font-size:50%&quot;
!᱐ || ᱑ || ᱒ || ᱓ || ᱔ || ᱕ || ᱖ || ᱗ || ᱘ || ᱙
|-
| ౦ || ౧|| ౨|| ౩|| ౪|| ౫|| ౬|| ౭|| ౮|| ౯
|}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; font-size:200%;&quot;
|- style=&quot;font-size:50%&quot;
!{{frac|᱐|᱔}} || {{frac|᱑|᱔}} || {{frac|᱒|᱔}} || {{frac|᱓|᱔}} || {{frac|᱐|᱑᱖}} || {{frac|᱑|᱑᱖}} || {{frac|᱒|᱑᱖}} || {{frac|᱓|᱑᱖}}
|-
| ౸ || ౹ || ౺ || ౻ || ౦ || ౼ || ౽ || ౾
|}

ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ: {{lang|te|౹}}, {{lang|te|౺}}, ᱟᱨ {{lang|te|౻}} ᱫᱚ {{frac|᱑|᱖᱔}}, {{frac|᱒|᱖᱔}}, {{frac|᱓|᱖᱔}}, {{frac|᱑|᱑᱐᱒᱔}}, ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱟᱨ {{lang|te|౼}}, {{lang|te|౽}}, ᱟᱨ {{lang|te|౾}} ᱫᱚ {{frac|᱑|᱒᱕᱖}}, {{frac|᱒|᱒᱕᱖}}, {{frac|᱓|᱒᱕᱖}}, {{frac|᱑|᱔᱐᱙᱖}}, ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/wg2/docs/n3156.pdf|title=Telugu Measures and Arithmetic Marks|author=Nāgārjuna Venna|work=JTC1/SC2/WG2 N3156|publisher=International Organization for Standardization|access-date=July 29, 2012}}{{Dead link|date=April 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱠᱳᱰ==
{{ᱢᱩᱬ|ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱠᱳᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ}}
ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ, ᱑᱙᱙᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱠᱳᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱑.᱐ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾

ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱠᱳᱰ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ U+0C00–U+0C7F:

{{ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱠᱳᱰ ᱪᱟᱨᱴ ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ}}

==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
* [https://www.ethnologue.com/language/tel ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱷᱱᱳᱞᱚᱜᱽ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤᱠᱚ - ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ] ([[ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]] ᱛᱮ)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120623001614/http://specials.msn.co.in/ilit/Telugu.aspx ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱳᱥᱚᱯᱷᱴ - ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱟᱫᱮᱨ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵᱽ]
* [http://www.language-archives.org/language/tel OLAC resources in and about the Telugu language]
* [http://www.omniglot.com/writing/telugu.htm Omniglot - ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]
* [http://www.telugudictionary.org ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱰᱤᱠᱥᱮᱱᱟᱨᱤ]
*[https://telugualphabet.arichee.com ᱛᱮᱹᱞᱮᱜᱩ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208145120/https://telugualphabet.arichee.com/ |date=2021-12-08 }}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱚᱞ ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱞ ᱛᱚᱦᱚᱨ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱟᱵᱩᱜᱤᱫᱟ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱢᱤ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ]]

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱹᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ}}</text>
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{{ᱪᱷᱟᱸᱪ:ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱤᱱᱤᱡᱤᱢ ᱮᱱᱰᱽ ᱯᱷᱳᱞᱠᱞᱳᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒}}
[[File:Tamak and Tumdak 01.jpg|thumb|ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱜ (ᱨᱩ) ᱟᱨ ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ (ᱡᱤ) - [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ [[ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱸᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ (ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ)|ᱫᱤᱱᱟᱸᱡᱽᱯᱩᱨ]] ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾]]
[[ᱦᱚᱲ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ]] ᱫᱚ ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱼᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱥᱤᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱩᱯᱚᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ, ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱞᱤᱸᱜᱤᱱ (ᱢᱩᱞᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟ) ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱪᱮᱭᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱮᱱᱛᱮᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱼᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩᱥᱛᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱤᱭᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱼᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ [[ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱜ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ]] ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱛᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾

==ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵᱽ==
ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵᱽ ᱠᱚᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱜᱩᱭᱮᱫᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
===ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ===
ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱼᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ [[ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱜ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ]]᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱠᱟᱞ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱼᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱮᱡ ᱱᱚᱣᱟᱠᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱨᱩᱻ ᱨᱩᱻ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱻᱭᱟ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱫᱟᱹᱲᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱺᱰ ᱢᱩᱰᱷᱟᱹᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱞ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱚᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱞᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧᱼᱟ᱾ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱢᱚᱪᱟ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱻ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱴᱟᱵ ᱥᱮ ᱫᱟᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱰᱮ ᱚᱰᱚᱠᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱛᱩᱢᱫᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱪᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱟᱸᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱩᱨᱤᱡ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱯᱚᱴᱚᱢᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱞ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱚᱛᱟᱣᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱥᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱧᱚᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱟᱢᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱟᱺᱝᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱰᱟ ᱦᱟᱨᱛᱟ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱞᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱡᱷᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱫᱳ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱜᱩᱰᱟᱹᱣᱟ᱾
===ᱠᱚᱨᱛᱟᱞ===

===ᱡᱷᱩᱱᱠᱟᱹ===

===ᱛᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ===

===ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ===

==ᱨᱟᱹᱲ==
ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱹᱲ/ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ - ᱫᱚᱝ, ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱬᱮ, ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨᱟᱭ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ᱾ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱟ᱾

==ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
* [http://www.aiswacs.org/ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061205015825/http://www.tribalarts.com/feature/santal/ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ]
* [http://wesanthals.tripod.com/ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱳᱨᱴᱟᱞ]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120206014832/http://www.frazadelic.com/Santhal.html ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ]
* [http://www.daricha.org/sub_genre.aspx?ID=92&amp;Tribes=Santals&amp;Name=Banam ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱵᱽ]

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ: ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲ]]

==ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ==

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
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  <page>
    <title>ᱥᱟᱵᱚᱨᱠᱟᱸᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ</title>
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      <text bytes="12458" sha1="rzl0lkcbywc3oiv6isnyfjm5bztds8f" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = ᱥᱟᱵᱚᱨᱠᱟᱸᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
| native_name             = 
| native_name_lang        = 
| other_name              = 
| nickname                = 
| settlement_type         = [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ|ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| image_skyline           = 15th Century Temple at Polo Fores.jpg
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = ᱯᱚᱞᱚ ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱱᱫᱤᱨ
| image_map               = Sabarkantha in Gujarat (India).svg
| map_caption             = ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱨᱮ
| coordinates             = 
| subdivision_type        = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ
| subdivision_name        = {{flag|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ}}
| subdivision_type1       = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ]]
| established_title       = &lt;!--ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ --&gt;
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| named_for               = 
| seat_type               = ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ
| seat                    = [[ᱦᱤᱢᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]]
| government_type         = 
| governing_body          = 
| leader_title            = ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ
| leader_name             =
| unit_pref               = Metric
| area_footnotes          = 
| area_rank               = 
| area_total_km2          = 5390
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| population_total        = 1,388,671
| population_as_of        = ᱒᱐᱑᱑
| population_rank         = 
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| demographics_type1      = ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ
| demographics1_title1    = ᱟᱹᱢᱟᱹᱞᱮᱛ
| demographics1_info1     = [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱛᱤ]], [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]], [[ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]]
| timezone1               = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1             = +᱐᱕:᱓᱐
| postal_code_type        = &lt;!-- [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] --&gt;
| postal_code             = 
| registration_plate      = [[List of RTO districts in India#GJ.E2.80.94Gujarat|GJ]]-9
| website                 = {{URL|https://sabarkantha.nic.in/}} 
| iso_code                = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|GJ-IN]]|
 footnotes                =
 }}
'''ᱥᱟᱵᱚᱨᱠᱟᱸᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱓᱓ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Districts_of_India_NIC&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Districts of Gujarat |url=http://districts.nic.in/districts.php?sid=GJ |website=Districts of India |publisher=National Informatics Centre |access-date=8 April 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱦᱮᱰᱠᱩᱣᱟᱴᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱦᱤᱢᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Districts_of_India_NIC&quot; /&gt;

==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ==
[[File:Harnav dam.jpg|thumb|ᱦᱚᱨᱱᱚᱵᱽ ᱰᱮᱢ|left]]
[[File:Himatnagar Public Library and Towerclock.jpg|thumb|[[ᱦᱤᱢᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]] ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠ ᱞᱟᱭᱵᱨᱮᱨᱤ|left]]
ᱥᱟᱵᱚᱨᱠᱟᱸᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱧᱮᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ [[ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱚᱱᱟᱥᱠᱟᱸᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱮᱦᱥᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱢᱮᱦᱥᱟᱬᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱨᱟᱵᱚᱞᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱷᱮᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;CensusHandbookSabarKantha&quot;&gt;{{cite book |title=District Census Handbook Sabar Kantha Part XII-B |date=2011 |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2405_PART_B_DCHB_SABAR%20KANTHA.pdf |access-date=8 April 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱕᱓᱙᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ&lt;sup&gt;᱒&lt;/sup&gt; ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱑᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱕᱐ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱗᱖.᱖% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ==
᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱖᱔᱐ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱵᱚᱨᱠᱟᱸᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱕᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱸᱜᱮᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱟᱞᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱵᱚᱨᱠᱟᱸᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱮᱠᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱨᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱜᱨᱟᱱᱴ ᱯᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ (BRGF) ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=brgf&gt;{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj|date=September 8, 2009|title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme|publisher=National Institute of Rural Development|url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|access-date=September 27, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|archive-date=April 5, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ==
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱵᱚᱨᱠᱟᱸᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱒,᱔᱓᱘,᱕᱘᱙ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ,&lt;ref name=&quot;districtcensus2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|date=2011|title=Gujarat Distrct Census - Sabarkantha|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/24/2405_PART_A_DCHB_SABAR%20KANTHA.pdf|publisher=Office of the Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[ᱠᱩᱣᱮᱛ]] ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ&lt;ref name=&quot;cia&quot;&gt;{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Kuwait 2,595,62 | archive-date = 2011-09-27 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927165947/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | url-status = dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱭᱩ [[ᱢᱮᱠᱥᱤᱠᱳ]] ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱵᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|title=2010 Resident Population Data|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau|access-date=2011-09-30|quote=New Mexico - 2,059,179|archive-date=2010-12-27|archive-url=https://archive.today/20101227010452/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ (ᱜᱩᱴ ᱖᱔᱐ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ) ᱑᱘᱓ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱓᱒᱘ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱘᱕᱐/ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱢᱤᱞ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱑ᱼ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱜᱨᱚᱛᱷ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱖.᱕᱖% ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱵᱚᱨᱠᱟᱸᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱑᱐᱐᱐ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱕᱐ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱗᱖.᱖% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱑,᱓᱘᱘,᱖᱗᱑ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱜᱮᱨ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱑᱒᱕,᱔᱖᱒ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱓᱒᱘,᱒᱔᱓ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱮᱨ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱙.᱐᱓% ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱒᱓.᱖᱔% ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
{{bar box
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|titlebar=#Fcd116
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|right1=ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱚᱲᱟ
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ]]|darkorange|92.55}}
{{bar percent|[[ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ]]|green|6.48}}
{{bar percent|[[ᱡᱳᱭᱱᱳ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ|ᱡᱮᱭᱱ]]|brown|0.72}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.25}}
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ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱑,᱒᱘᱕,᱒᱑᱘ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱙᱐,᱐᱒᱗ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱭᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱙᱙᱙᱐ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Religion&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=C-16 Population By Religion - Gujarat|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW24C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=census.gov.in|publisher=Office of the Registrar General &amp; Census Commissioner, India}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ===
{{Pie chart

| thumb = right

| caption = ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱵᱚᱨᱠᱟᱸᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ

| label1 = [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱛᱤ]]

| value1 = 97.85

| color1 = skyblue

| label2 = [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]]

| value2 = 1.63

| color2 = orange

| label3 = ᱮᱴᱟᱜᱟᱜ

| value3 = 0.52

| color3 = grey

}}

ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱟ ᱦᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱯᱩᱸᱥᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾&lt;ref name=toi&gt;{{cite web|title=Gujarat village that puts metros to shame|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-05-20/ahmedabad/31788127_1_gujarat-village-indian-village-cctv-cameras|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120523171553/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-05-20/ahmedabad/31788127_1_gujarat-village-indian-village-cctv-cameras|archive-date=23 May 2012|author=Bharat Yagnik|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=20 May 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==
{{Commons category}}
* [https://sabarkantha.nic.in/ Official website]
* [http://sabarkantha.gujarat.gov.in/ Collectorate website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110913162613/http://sabarkantha.gujarat.gov.in/ |date=2011-09-13 }}
* [http://sabarkanthadp.gujarat.gov.in/sabarkantha/english/panchayat/taluka-panchayat.htm]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20091027040547/http://www.bhiloda.org/ Bhiloda site]

{{Geographic location
|Centre    = ᱥᱟᱵᱚᱨᱠᱟᱸᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ
|North     = [[ᱥᱤᱨᱚᱦᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ]]
|Northeast = [[ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ]]
|East      = [[ᱰᱩᱝᱜᱚᱨᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ]]
|Southeast = [[ᱯᱟᱸᱪᱢᱚᱦᱚᱞ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
|South     = [[ᱠᱷᱮᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
|Southwest = [[ᱜᱟᱱᱫᱷᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
|West      = [[ᱢᱮᱦᱥᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
|Northwest = [[ᱵᱚᱱᱟᱥᱠᱟᱸᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
}}

{{ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ}}

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[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱵᱚᱨᱠᱟᱸᱴᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ| ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
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    <title>ᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱦᱳᱞᱢᱮᱥ (ᱯᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ)</title>
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{{Infobox person
| name               = ᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱦᱳᱞᱢᱮᱥ
| image              = Steve Holmes 2019 by Glenn Francis.jpg
| caption            = ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱦᱳᱞᱢᱮᱥ
| birth_name         = 
| birth_date         = {{birth date and age|1961|03|23|df=y}}
| birth_place        = [[Sibiu]], Romania
| death_date         = 
| death_place        = 
| nationality        = Romanian
| other_names        = 
| occupation         = [[Pornographic actor]]
| years_active       = 1996–present
| spouse             = Sylvia&lt;ref name=&quot;PDAVN&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine|last=Warren|first=Peter|date=4 August 2017|title=Peril &amp; 'Disgrace': An Adventure With Steve Holmes in Barcelona|url=https://avn.com/business/articles/video/peril-disgrace-an-adventure-with-steve-holmes-in-barcelona-738532.html|magazine=AVN|access-date=1 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| website            = {{url|steveholmesporn.com}}
| module             = {{Infobox YouTube personality|embed=yes
| channel_display_name = Steve Holmes
| channel_direct_url = c/SteveHolmesPorn
| years_active       =
| genre = [[Vlog]]
| subscribers = 90,400
| views = 34.6 million
| silver_button =
| silver_year =
| gold_button =
| gold_year =
| stats_update = 3 June 2023
}}
}}
[[Category:Articles with hCards]]

'''ᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱮᱥ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱒᱓ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱙᱖᱑) ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱩᱢᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱯᱳᱨᱱᱳᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱥᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱯᱷᱳᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱚᱨᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱹᱵᱷᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱱᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱳᱞᱢᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱵᱷᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱞ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱮᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;MenOfPorn&quot; /&gt;

== ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ==
ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱢᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱭᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱨᱮᱱᱥᱤᱞᱵᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱭᱳᱼᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;HotNews&quot; /&gt; ᱑᱙᱖᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱮᱹᱞ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱞᱜᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱥ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;HotNews&quot; /&gt; ᱛᱚᱛᱩᱛᱚᱱᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱵᱟᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱥᱨᱟᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;HotNews&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Showbiz &amp; Fun: Un star porno sibian a facut sex cu 1.600 de femei |url=http://www.hotnews.ro/articol_31802-Un-star-porno-sibian-a-facut-sex-cu-1-600-de-femei.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929111038/http://www.hotnews.ro/articol_31802-Un-star-porno-sibian-a-facut-sex-cu-1-600-de-femei.htm |archive-date=29 September 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱩᱢᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;HotNews&quot; /&gt;

ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱚᱜ ᱫᱳᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;AVN2017Inductees&quot; /&gt; ᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱤᱭᱩᱴᱟᱨ ᱥᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱛᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;AVN2017Inductees&quot; /&gt; 1986 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱑ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱮᱥ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱭ ᱴᱤ ᱠᱳᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;AVN2017Inductees&quot; /&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;GermanAdultNews1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tom |date=30 October 2003 |title=Mein Name is Holmes, Steve Holmes! Das Interview |url=https://german-adult-news.com/erotik/interviews/794-mein-name-is-holmes-steve-holmes.html |access-date=30 September 2018 |publisher=German-Adult-News.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱡᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱾ ==
[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Minda,_Steve_Holmes,_Lena_Juliette_on_Set_With_Da_Vinci_Load_2.jpg|left|thumb|226x226px|''ᱫᱟ ᱵᱷᱤᱝᱥᱤ ᱞᱳᱰ'' ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱴᱨᱮ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ (ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱮᱪ ᱥᱮᱪ) ᱾]]
᱑᱙᱙᱖ ᱥᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱜᱤᱞ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱤᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;SteveHolmesAVN&quot; /&gt; ᱯᱳᱨᱱ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ ᱟᱡ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;SteveHolmesAVN&quot; /&gt; 1996 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ 22 ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱳᱨᱴᱢᱩᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱯᱳᱨᱱᱳᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱥᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ' ᱦᱮᱵᱷ ᱮ ᱩᱭᱤᱥ ' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ''ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ'' ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱤᱠ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱸᱥ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;SteveHolmesAVN&quot; /&gt; ᱥᱩᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;HotNews&quot;/&gt; ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱭᱩ ᱮᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ , ᱯᱟᱴᱷᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ [[ᱡᱚᱦᱱ ᱠᱟᱨᱴᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱞᱢᱮᱥ|ᱡᱚᱱ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱚᱜᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱵᱷ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱚᱥ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱛᱷᱤ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;XBIZBTS&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pardon |first=Rhett |date=24 September 2018 |title=Steve Holmes Takes Viewers 'Behind The Porn Scenes' |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/238930/steve-holmes-takes-viewers-behind-the-porn-scenes |access-date=30 September 2018 |publisher=XBIZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;

᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱥ ᱵᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞᱳᱱᱟ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱮᱨᱟᱴᱤᱠ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱯᱟᱴᱷᱚᱠ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱤᱱᱯᱷᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;NINFA&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=FICEB 2001 Awards |url=http://www.ficeb.com/english/premiados_2001.htm |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070609031433/http://www.ficeb.com/english/premiados_2001.htm |archive-date=9 June 2007 |access-date=13 February 2015 |publisher=[[FICEB]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ' [[ᱨᱚᱠᱠᱚ ᱥᱤᱯᱷᱨᱮᱰᱤ|ᱨᱚᱠᱳ ᱥᱤᱯᱷᱨᱮᱰᱤ]] ' ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱟᱱᱩᱭᱮᱞ ᱯᱷᱮᱨᱨᱟᱨᱟ|ᱢᱟᱱᱩᱭᱮᱞ ᱯᱷᱮᱨᱟᱨᱟ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;GermanAdultNews2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Tom |date=20 March 2004 |title=Steve Holmes: Mr. Holmes exklusiv im zweiten Interview |url=https://german-adult-news.com/erotik/interviews/869-steve-holmes-das-zweite-interview.html |access-date=2 October 2018 |publisher=German-Adult-News.com |archive-date=3 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181003061931/https://german-adult-news.com/erotik/interviews/869-steve-holmes-das-zweite-interview.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱜᱤᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ , ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ''ᱤᱭᱩᱨᱳ'' ᱜᱟᱨᱞᱥ ᱱᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟ ᱯᱩᱥᱤ ᱤᱡᱽ ᱱᱟᱴ ᱮᱱᱯᱷ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;GermanAdultNews2&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Steve Holmes's Titles |url=http://www.evilangel.com/director/Steve%20Holmes/titles?display=list |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090830002208/http://www.evilangel.com/director/Steve%20Holmes/titles?display=list |archive-date=30 August 2009 |access-date=28 May 2009 |publisher=evilangel.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2003 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ 280 ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;GermanAdultNews2&quot; /&gt; ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ ᱫᱚ پلاᱴᱤᱱᱟᱢ ᱮᱠᱥ ᱯᱤᱠᱪᱟᱨᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱪᱟᱨᱴᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱩᱭᱮᱞ ᱰᱤ ' ᱱᱟᱭᱮᱞ ' ᱢᱮᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱥᱴᱮᱯᱷᱟᱱᱳ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱮᱨᱟᱨᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;xbizredlight&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Winter |first=Anne |date=22 August 2007 |title=Red Light District |url=http://www.xbiz.com/articles/83389 |access-date=26 April 2009 |publisher=[[XBIZ]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱦᱚᱲ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ==

== ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width:75%;&quot;
|+XBIZ Awards
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Year
! style=&quot;width:40%;&quot; |Nominated work and artist
! style=&quot;width:40%;&quot; |Category
! style=&quot;width:10%;&quot; |Result
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}}
|-
|2012
|Steve Holmes
|Foreign Male Performer of the Year
|{{nom}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2012 XBIZ Award Nominees |url=http://xbizawards.xbiz.com/nominees.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120131025101/http://xbizawards.xbiz.com/nominees.php |archive-date=31 January 2012 |access-date=1 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2013
|Steve Holmes
|Foreign Male Performer of the Year
|{{nom}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Johnson |first=Bob |date=14 February 2013 |title=XRCO Awards Nominations Announced |url=http://www.xbiz.com/news/159545 |access-date=21 November 2014 |publisher=XBIZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2014
|''I Am Asa Akira 2''
|Best Sex Scene - Non-Feature Release
|{{nom}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2014 XBIZ Award Nominees |url=http://xbizawards.xbiz.com/nominees.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209032322/http://xbizawards.xbiz.com/nominees.php |archive-date=9 February 2014 |access-date=4 September 2018 |publisher=[[XBIZ]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2015
|''V for Vicki''
|Best Sex Scene - Non-Feature Release
|{{nom}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gray |first=Lila |date=12 November 2014 |title=XBIZ Announces Movies &amp; Production Nominees for 2015 XBIZ Awards |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/187748/xbiz-announces-movies-production-nominees-for-2015-xbiz-awards |access-date=3 September 2018 |publisher=XBIZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2017
|''Sexbots: Programmed For Pleasure''
|Best Sex Scene - Feature Release
|{{nom}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pardon |first=Rhett |date=17 November 2016 |title=XBIZ Announces Finalist Nominees for 2017 XBIZ Awards |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/214472/xbiz-announces-finalist-nominees-for-2017-xbiz-awards |access-date=24 September 2018 |publisher=XBIZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |2018
|''Pump My Ass Full of Cum 4''
|Best Sex Scene - Gonzo Release
|{{nom}}
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pardon |first=Rhett |date=19 January 2018 |title=2018 XBIZ Awards Winners Announced |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/233053/2018-xbiz-awards-winners-announced |access-date=30 September 2018 |publisher=[[XBIZ]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Anal Savages 2''
|Best Sex Scene - Gonzo Release
|{{nom}}
|-
|''Stags &amp; Vixens''
|Best Sex Scene - Vignette Release
|{{nom}}
|-
|Steve Holmes
|Foreign Male Performer of the Year
|{{won}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |2019
|''Dirty Grandpa''
|Best Actor - Comedy Release
|{{nom}}
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Freixes |first=Alejandro |date=15 November 2018 |title=XBIZ Announces Finalist Nominees for 2019 XBIZ Awards |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/240128/xbiz-announces-finalist-nominees-for-2019-xbiz-awards |access-date=6 April 2019 |publisher=XBIZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Pardon |first=Rhett |date=18 January 2019 |title=2019 XBIZ Award Winners Announced |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/241553/2019-xbiz-awards-winners-announced |access-date=6 April 2019 |publisher=XBIZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Dirty Grandpa''
|Best Sex Scene - Comedy Release
|{{nom}}
|-
|''My Dad, Your Dad''
|Best Sex Scene - Taboo Release
|{{nom}}
|-
|''Joanna Angel Gangbang: As Above, So Below''
|Best Sex Scene - Taboo Release
|{{nom}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Steve Holmes
|Foreign Male Performer of the Year
|{{won}}
|-
|XBIZ Legacy Award
|{{won}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=XBIZ Staff |date=28 November 2019 |title=Steve Holmes Wins XBIZ Legacy Award, Lands 3 XBIZ 2020 Award Noms |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/248664/steve-holmes-wins-xbiz-legacy-award-lands-3-xbiz-2020-award-noms |access-date=12 July 2021 |publisher=XBIZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2020
|''Ministry of Evil''
|Best Actor - Taboo-Themed Release
|{{nom}}
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=XBIZ Staff |date=21 November 2019 |title=XBIZ Announces Nominees for 2020 XBIZ Awards |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/248496/xbiz-announces-nominees-for-2020-xbiz-awards |access-date=12 July 2021 |publisher=XBIZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|''Ministry of Evil''
|Best Sex Scene - Taboo-Themed
|{{nom}}
|-
|''Slut Puppies 14''
|Best Sex Scene - Gonzo
|{{nom}}
|-
|2021
|''ThanksSwinging Day''
|Best Sex Scene - Virtual Reality
|{{nom}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=19 November 2020 |title=2021 XBIZ Awards Nominees Announced |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/255744/2021-xbiz-awards-nominees-announced |access-date=12 July 2021 |publisher=XBIZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width:75%;&quot;
|+ᱮᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤ ᱳ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹᱭ 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱾
! style=&quot;width:40%;&quot; |ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱾
! style=&quot;width:40%;&quot; |ᱛᱷᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱾
! style=&quot;width:10%;&quot; |ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱾
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}}
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2004 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱾
|ᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ
|ᱵᱟᱝ ᱥᱳᱲᱥᱟᱢᱮᱱ ᱾
|{{won}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |
|-
|''ᱢᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱰᱚᱨᱴᱤ ᱴᱨᱤᱠ ᱾''
|ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱳᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱱ ᱾
|{{won}}
|-
|2017 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱾
|''ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱧ ᱞᱩᱥ''
|ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱯᱟᱴᱷᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱾
|{{nom}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bob Johnson |date=20 February 2014 |title=XRCO Awards Nominations Announced |url=http://www.xbiz.com/news/175077 |access-date=16 January 2016 |publisher=XBIZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2019 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱾
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |ᱥᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱦᱳᱞᱚᱢᱥ
|ᱦᱚᱞ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱟᱢ
|{{won}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=XBIZ Staff |date=1 July 2019 |title=Brandi Love Touts Induction Into 2019 XRCO Awards Hall of Fame |url=https://www.xbiz.com/news/245130/brandi-love-touts-induction-into-2019-xrco-awards-hall-of-fame |access-date=12 July 2021 |publisher=XBIZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2020 ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱾
|ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱾
|{{nom}}
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |
|-
|ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱰᱥᱟᱢᱮᱱ ᱾
|{{nom}}
|-
|2021 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱾
|ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ ᱾
|{{nom}}
| style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot; |&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=John Roland |date=22 September 2021 |title=XRCO Announces 2021 Nominees |url=https://avn.com/business/articles/video/xrco-announces-2021-award-nominees-902859.html |access-date=28 May 2022 |publisher=XBIZ}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

== ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==

* Steve Holmes at IMDb
* Steve Holmes at the Internet Adult Film Database 
* Steve Holmes at the Adult Film Database
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱮᱰᱟᱞᱴ ᱯᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱴᱟᱞᱠᱟᱹ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱮᱰᱟᱞᱴ ᱯᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱠᱟᱹ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱱᱚᱜᱽᱨᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱠᱟᱹ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱚᱨᱱᱚᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱠᱟᱹ]]</text>
      <sha1>s9g9xnzpexxnzd43kbg15aifcv5jpe3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>23584</id>
    <revision>
      <id>192974</id>
      <parentid>176288</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-20T03:15:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MT731</username>
        <id>2184</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>192974</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="24678" sha1="pqmxq657anlv577slnadxl3hj3uov65" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox company
| name = ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ
| logo = [[ᱨᱮᱫ:Tata logo.svg|100px]]&lt;br /&gt;[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Tata Power Logo.svg|225px]]
| image = 
| type = [[:en:Public company|ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟᱹ]]
| traded_as = {{ubl|{{NSE|ᱴᱟᱴᱟᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ}}|{{BSE|᱕᱐᱐᱔᱐᱐}}}}
| foundation = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1919|9|18}}
| founder = [[ᱫᱳᱨᱚᱵᱽᱡᱤ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ]]
| location = [[ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥ]], ᱒᱔ ᱦᱳᱢᱤ ᱢᱳᱫᱤ ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱴ, [[ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ]], [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ]], [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]]
| key_people = ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱤᱨ ᱥᱤᱱᱦᱟ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tata-power-company-ltd/infocompanymanagement/companyid-12918.cms |title=Tata Power Company Ltd. – Company Info – Management |work=Economic Times|access-date=1 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;br&gt; {{small| (MD &amp; CEO)}}
| industry = [[ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱭᱩᱴᱤᱞᱤᱴᱤ]]
| products = ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱪᱨᱟᱞ ᱜᱮᱥ
| services = ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱛᱨᱟᱬ, ᱱᱟᱪᱨᱟᱞ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ, ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ, ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱛᱨᱟᱬ
| revenue = {{increase}} {{INRConvert|56547.10|c}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url=https://archives.nseindia.com/corporate/FinancialResultsSigned_04052023165141.pdf| title=Tata Power Integrated Q4FY2023| access-date=2023-08-17| archive-date=2023-05-06| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230506132335/https://archives.nseindia.com/corporate/FinancialResultsSigned_04052023165141.pdf| url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| revenue_year = ᱒᱐᱒᱓
| operating_income = {{up}} {{INRConvert|7706.30|c}}
| income_year = ᱒᱐᱒᱓
| net_income = {{increase}}{{INRConvert|3336.40|c}}
| net_income_year = ᱒᱐᱒᱓
| assets = {{increase}}{{INRConvert|128349|c}}
| assets_year = ᱒᱐᱒᱓
| equity = {{gain}} {{INRConvert|28787.40|c}}
| equity_year = ᱒᱐᱒᱓
| parent = [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ]]
| num_employees = ᱘,᱖᱑᱓ (᱒᱐᱒᱑) {{cn|date=September 2021}}
| subsid = {{plainlist|
*[[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱳᱞᱟᱨ]]
*[[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱰᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤᱵᱭᱩᱥᱚᱱ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ]]
*[[ᱴᱤ ᱯᱤ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱨᱟᱞ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱰᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤᱵᱭᱩᱥᱚᱱ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ]]
*[[ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱤᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱥᱟᱯᱞᱟᱭ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ]]
*[[ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱤᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱥᱟᱯᱞᱟᱭ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ]]
*ᱴᱤ ᱯᱤ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱰᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤᱵᱭᱩᱥᱚᱱ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ
*ᱴᱤ ᱯᱤ ᱟᱡᱽᱢᱮᱨ ᱰᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤᱵᱭᱩᱥᱚᱱ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ
*ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱱᱭᱩᱮᱵᱚᱞ ᱮᱱᱟᱨᱡᱤ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ
*ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱴᱨᱮᱱᱤᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ}}
| homepage = {{URL|http://www.tatapower.com/}}
}}

'''ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ]], [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ]], [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱭᱩᱴᱤᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱨᱩᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.tatapower.com/contact.aspx Contact Us | Largest Power Producers India] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606132034/http://www.tatapower.com/contact.aspx |date=2017-06-06 }}. Tatapower.com. Retrieved on 26 December 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.tatapower.com/aboutus/profile.aspx |title=About Us – Profile |publisher=Tata Power |access-date=1 September 2013 |archive-date=15 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170615124034/http://www.tatapower.com/aboutus/profile.aspx |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ, ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤᱵᱩᱴᱤᱝ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.tatapower.com/investor-relations/fact-sheet.aspx |title=Fact sheet – General Background |publisher=Tata Power |access-date=1 September 2013 |archive-date=17 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230817075524/https://www.tatapower.com/investor-relations/fact-sheet.aspx |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱑᱔,᱐᱗᱖ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱡᱮᱱᱮᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱯᱮᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;etTataPower20160824&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/energy/power/tata-power-enhances-generation-capacity-by-9-per-cent/articleshow/53844769.cms |title=Tata Power enhances generation capacity by 9 per cent |date=24 August 2016 |access-date=24 August 2016 |work=The Economic Times |author=Sengupta, Debjoy }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tata Power-Profile |url=http://www.tatapower.com/aboutus/profile.aspx |website=www.tatapower.com |access-date=27 May 2016 |archive-date=15 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170615124034/http://www.tatapower.com/aboutus/profile.aspx |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-04-04/news/48866632_1_power-generation-capacity-power-sector-adani-power |title=Adani Power becomes India's largest private power producer |newspaper=[[The Economic Times]] |date=4 April 2014 |access-date=8 September 2014 |author=Thakkar, Mitul |archive-date=7 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407064138/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-04-04/news/48866632_1_power-generation-capacity-power-sector-adani-power |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=BSTP&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/tata-power-eyes-stronger-overseas-presence-113062300220_1.html |title=Tata Power eyes stronger overseas presence |newspaper=Business Standard |date=23 June 2013 |access-date=1 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.tata.com/article.aspx?artid=wufCjvCOgp0= |title=Market capitalisation of Tata companies as on August 29, 2013 |publisher=Tata Group |date=30 August 2013 |access-date=1 September 2013 |archive-date=21 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130821051215/http://www.tata.com/article.aspx?artid=wufCjvCOgp0= |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱤ.ᱟᱭᱤ.ᱮᱢ. ᱩᱫᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱥᱯᱟᱱᱥᱤᱵᱞ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱸᱠᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.livemint.com/Companies/On9CQsdu0JbpqmVaQ1zUBM/Are-businesses-becoming-more-responsible.html Are businesses becoming more responsible?]. Livemint. 18 September 2017.&lt;/ref&gt; ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱨᱮ, ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱑ ᱜᱤᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱥᱳᱞᱟᱨ ᱢᱳᱰᱩᱞ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|last1=Bureau|first1=BS B2B|title=Tata Power Solar becomes first Indian firm to ship out 1 GW solar modules|url=http://www.business-standard.com/content/b2b-manufacturing-industry/tata-power-becomes-first-indian-firm-to-ship-out-1-gw-solar-modules-117020700252_1.html|website=Business Standard India|access-date=9 March 2017|date=7 February 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Tata Power 2016 stamp of India.jpg|thumb|right|260px|ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱴᱮᱢᱯ]]

==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ==
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱑᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱦᱟᱭᱰᱨᱚ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Kale2014&quot;&gt;Kale, Sunila (2014). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=sBf1AgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA72 Electrifying India: Regional Political Economies of Development]''. Stanford University Press. p. 72. {{ISBN|978-0-8047-9102-1}}.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Tyson1996&quot;&gt;Tyson, Kirk (1996). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=wJzaC53nfjAC&amp;pg=PA173 Competition in the 21st Century]''. CRC Press. p. 173. {{ISBN|978-1-57444-032-4}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱑᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱱᱫᱷᱨᱚ ᱵᱮᱞᱤ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://profit.ndtv.com/stock/tata-power-company-ltd_tatapower/reports |title=Tata Power Company Ltd. |publisher=NDTV.com |access-date=1 September 2013 |archive-date=23 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823100900/http://profit.ndtv.com/stock/tata-power-company-ltd_tatapower/reports |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱑᱙᱑᱕ ᱨᱮ [[ᱠᱷᱳᱯᱳᱞᱤ]] ᱨᱮ ᱗᱒ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱭᱰᱨᱳ-ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱤᱠ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱣᱚᱱᱴ ᱑᱙᱑᱙ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱷᱤᱵᱽᱯᱩᱨᱤ]] (᱗᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ) ᱟᱨ ᱑᱙᱒᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱤᱲᱟ (᱓᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ) ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=BSTP /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.tatapower.com/sustainability/legacy.aspx |title=History: Our Legacy |publisher=Tata Power |access-date=1 September 2013 |archive-date=7 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150207081431/http://www.tatapower.com/sustainability/legacy.aspx |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/press-releases/tata-power-sn-power-announce-their-partnership-to-set-up-hydro-power-projects-in-india-nepal-109103000113_1.html |title=Tata Power, SN Power announce their partnership to set up hydro power projects in India &amp; Nepal |newspaper=Business Standard |date=30 October 2009 |access-date=1 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟᱠᱚ==
ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ, [[ᱥᱤᱝᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ]], ᱤᱱᱫᱳᱱᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ, [[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=BRR1213&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.tatapower.com/investor-relations/pdf/business-responsibility-report-fy13.pdf |title=Business Responsibility Report for FY 2012–13 |publisher=Tata Power |access-date=1 September 2013 |archive-date=13 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113181632/http://www.tatapower.com/investor-relations/pdf/business-responsibility-report-fy13.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱜᱨᱩᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱕ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=BRR1213 /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱚᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ]] ᱨᱮ ᱴᱨᱳᱢᱵᱮ, [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱢᱩᱱᱫᱨᱟ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ]], [[ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱝᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]], [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱟᱴᱚᱠ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱮᱞᱜᱟᱢ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=TPP&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.tatapower.com/services/power-projects.aspx |title=Power Projects |publisher=Tata Power |access-date=1 September 2013 |archive-date=31 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111031060912/http://www.tatapower.com/services/power-projects.aspx |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱟᱭᱰᱨᱚ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱜᱷᱟᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱚᱦᱢᱚᱫᱽᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ]], ᱥᱩᱯᱟ, ᱠᱷᱟᱱᱠᱮ, ᱵᱨᱟᱦᱢᱚᱱᱣᱮᱞ, ᱜᱟᱫᱟᱜᱽ, [[ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱᱟ, ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ|ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱᱟ]] ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=TPP /&gt; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱴᱨᱳᱢᱵᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ, ᱵᱷᱤᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱑᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱯᱚᱢᱯ ᱥᱴᱳᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱨᱳᱢᱵᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱞᱩᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱨᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱜᱨᱤᱯ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱰᱮᱥᱚᱞᱯᱩᱨᱟᱭᱤᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/trombay-plants-500mw-unit-modernisation-by-15-tata-power_795846.html |title=Trombay plant's 500MW unit modernisation by '15: Tata Power |publisher=moneycontrol.com |date=16 December 2012 |access-date=1 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱱᱟᱴᱚᱠ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ [[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤᱵᱷᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱕᱑᱐ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱑,᱑᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟ ᱣᱟᱴ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.tata.com/company/profile.aspx?sectid=OZCcVOb7N4Q= |title=Profile – Tata Power Delhi Distribution |publisher=Tata Group |access-date=1 September 2013 |archive-date=3 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131003114251/http://www.tata.com/company/profile.aspx?sectid=OZCcVOb7N4Q= |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱒᱔ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱜᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱮᱯᱮᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news| url= http://www.thehindu.com/business/companies/article3679111.ece| title= Tata Power's second unit of Maithon project on stream| date= 25 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱡᱽᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱤᱥᱴᱨᱤᱵᱷᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱴᱥᱴᱟᱨ, ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱛ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱳᱞᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱖᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱥᱳᱞᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱚᱨᱡᱤ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱼᱟ ᱾

===ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱚ===
* [[ᱢᱩᱱᱫᱨᱟ ᱟᱞᱴᱨᱟ ᱢᱮᱜᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ]] ᱾ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱪᱷ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱱᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱔,᱐᱐᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ (᱕×᱘᱐᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱚᱞ-ᱵᱟᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱭᱩᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
* [[ᱴᱨᱳᱢᱵᱮ ᱛᱷᱚᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]] ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱨᱳᱢᱵᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱑,᱕᱘᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱚᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
* [[ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ]] ᱾ ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ, [[ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ]], [[ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱨᱮ ᱑᱐᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ (᱒×᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱳᱞ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱸᱴ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱢᱳᱫᱚᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱗᱔:᱒᱖ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱵᱷᱮᱸᱪᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
* [[ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ]] ᱾ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱔᱒᱗.᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ (᱖᱗.᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱓×᱑᱒᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱟᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

==ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ==
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ, ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥᱴᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ:&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2008-02-07/news/27719269_1_private-power-tata-power-infrastructure-space |title=Tata Power has mega core plans |newspaper=Economic Times |date=7 February 2008 |access-date=1 September 2013 |archive-date=16 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916091530/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2008-02-07/news/27719269_1_private-power-tata-power-infrastructure-space |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-07-29/india-business/32923111_1_mw-capacity-mw-from-renewable-energy-largest-private-sector-power |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130901005604/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-07-29/india-business/32923111_1_mw-capacity-mw-from-renewable-energy-largest-private-sector-power |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 September 2013 |title=Tired of delays, Tata Power turns to overseas for expansion |date=29 July 2012 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=1 September 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.tatapower.com/sustainability/pdf/sustainability_report-2.pdf |title=Sustainability Report 2008-09 – Tata Power |publisher=Tata Power |access-date=1 September 2013 |archive-date=25 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161225095733/http://www.tatapower.com/sustainability/pdf/sustainability_report-2.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

* [[ᱫᱩᱵᱟᱭ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱮᱵᱮᱞ ᱟᱞᱤ]] 'ᱡᱤ' ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ (᱔×᱑᱐᱐ = ᱔᱐᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ + ᱰᱮᱥᱮᱞᱤᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ)
* ᱥᱳᱣᱫᱤ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱞ-ᱠᱷᱳᱵᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ (᱕×᱑᱕᱐ = ᱗᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ + ᱰᱮᱥᱮᱞᱤᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ) ᱾
* ᱥᱳᱣᱫᱤ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱫᱽᱫᱟ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ (᱔×᱖᱔ = ᱒᱕᱖ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ + ᱰᱮᱥᱮᱞᱤᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ),
* ᱠᱩᱣᱮᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱣᱟᱭᱠᱷ (᱕×᱕᱐ = ᱒᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ)
* [[ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱢᱤᱨᱟᱛ|ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱢᱤᱨᱟᱛ]] ᱟᱨ ᱟᱞᱡᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱤ. ᱮᱪ. ᱵᱤ. ᱥᱚᱵᱽᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ
* [[ᱤᱨᱟᱱ]] ᱟᱨ ᱥᱳᱣᱫᱤ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱩᱠᱛᱤ ᱾
* ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱜᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱯᱷᱚᱨ ᱤᱥᱴᱚᱨᱱ ᱱᱮᱪᱩᱨᱟᱞ ᱨᱤᱥᱳᱨᱥᱮᱥ ᱮᱞ. ᱮᱞ. ᱥᱤ. ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱢᱪᱟᱴᱠᱟ ᱠᱨᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱞᱟᱭᱥᱮᱱᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/indl-goods/svs/metals-mining/tata-power-arm-wins-coal-mine-in-russia/articleshow/62211276.cms |newspaper=[[The Economic Times]] |title=Tata Power arm wins coal mine in Russia |date=22 December 2017 |quote=Tata Power today said its Russian subsidiary Far Eastern Natural Resources LLC has bagged the mining licence for a thermal coal mine in Kamchatka province in far east Russia. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180804195748/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/indl-goods/svs/metals-mining/tata-power-arm-wins-coal-mine-in-russia/articleshow/62211276.cms |archive-date=4 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===ᱤᱥᱴᱨᱮᱴᱤᱠ ᱤᱱᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱨᱤᱝ ᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ===
ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱴᱨᱮᱴᱮᱡᱤᱠ ᱤᱱᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱨᱤᱝ ᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ (ᱮᱥ.ᱤᱹᱰᱤ) ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱨᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱟᱹᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱞᱩᱥᱚᱱ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱵᱚᱨᱴᱚᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.tatapower.com/businesses/other-businesses.aspx |title=Strategic Engineering Division (SED) |publisher=Tata Power |access-date=1 September 2013 |archive-date=9 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709063430/http://www.tatapower.com/businesses/other-businesses.aspx |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.tatapowersed.com/about-us/centre-for-excellence.html |title=Centre for Excellence in Strategic Electronic |publisher=Tata Power SED |access-date=1 September 2013 |archive-date=2 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140802085305/http://www.tatapowersed.com/about-us/centre-for-excellence.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
* {{Official website|http://www.tatapower.com/}}
* [http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Tata_Power ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ] at [[SourceWatch]]

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ| ]]
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[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱚᱱᱥ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱠᱚ]]
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'''ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱴᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱰᱟᱯᱷᱤ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ), ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱨᱤᱥ ᱰᱟᱯᱷᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱨᱳᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱵᱚᱰᱤᱵᱤᱞᱰᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱩᱞ ᱥᱴᱟᱱᱴᱚᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱯᱚᱨᱱᱳ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱭ ᱯᱚᱨᱱᱳ ᱯᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ-ᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;muscdev&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=McGough |first=Peter |date=April 23, 2014 |title=Chris Duffy: Out There! |url=http://www.musculardevelopment.com/news/the-mcgough-report/13021-chris-duffy-out-there-muscular-development.html%23 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180429150021/http://www.musculardevelopment.com/news/the-mcgough-report/13021-chris-duffy-out-there-muscular-development.html%23 |archive-date=April 29, 2018 |access-date=July 1, 2020 |website=[[Muscular Development]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ==
ᱰᱟᱯᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱭᱼᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱯᱷᱩᱴᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢᱼᱢᱤᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱠᱰᱤ ᱵᱤᱞᱰᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;muscdev&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;muscdev&quot;/&gt; ᱰᱯᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱩᱞᱤᱡ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱰᱤ ᱵᱤᱞᱰᱟᱨ ᱟᱨᱱᱟᱞᱰ ᱥᱵᱷᱟᱨᱡᱮᱱᱜᱟᱨ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;AA1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Schmaltz, Jim |date=December 2002 |title=Duffy comes back swinging - Hard Times - Chris Duffy |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0KFY/is_10_20/ai_98488568 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017030354/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0KFY/is_10_20/ai_98488568 |archive-date=October 17, 2007 |website=Flex}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱡᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱾ ==

=== ᱵᱟᱰᱤ ᱵᱤᱞᱰᱟᱨ ===
᱑᱙᱘᱔ ᱨᱮ, ᱰᱟᱯᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ NPC ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱞᱰᱤᱝ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=1984 Southern States − NPC |url=http://www.musclememory.com/show.php?c=Southern+States+-+NPC&amp;y=1984 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180429151613/http://www.musclememory.com/show.php?c=Southern+States+-+NPC&amp;y=1984 |archive-date=April 29, 2018 |access-date=July 1, 2020 |website=Muscle Memory}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱯᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱞᱟᱥ ᱮᱱᱡᱮᱞᱥ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱵᱷᱤ ᱳᱭᱮᱹᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱴᱷᱟᱶᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ , ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱳᱱᱟ ᱯᱚᱫᱚᱠ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=1987 Los Angeles Championships − NPC |url=http://www.musclememory.com/show.php?c=Los+Angeles+Championships+-+NPC&amp;y=1987 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180429151935/http://www.musclememory.com/show.php?c=Los+Angeles+Championships+-+NPC&amp;y=1987 |archive-date=April 29, 2018 |access-date=July 1, 2020 |website=Muscle Memory}}&lt;/ref&gt; 1992 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱦᱮᱵᱷᱟᱭᱮᱴ ᱛᱷᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱ ᱯᱤ ᱥᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱼ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱤᱱ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱚᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱰᱤᱵᱤᱞᱰᱤᱝ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱ ᱯᱤ ᱥᱤ ᱯᱮᱥᱳᱯᱮᱥᱚᱱᱮᱞ ᱞᱤᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱰ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;muscdev&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=1992 Nationals − NPC |url=http://www.musclememory.com/show.php?c=Nationals+-+NPC&amp;y=1992 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180429152321/http://www.musclememory.com/show.php?c=Nationals+-+NPC&amp;y=1992 |archive-date=April 29, 2018 |access-date=July 2, 2020 |website=Muscle Memory}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣᱼᱱᱤᱯᱤᱥᱤ ᱤᱭᱩ ᱮᱥ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱫᱚᱠ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chris Duffy |url=http://www.tradingcarddb.com/ViewCard.cfm/sid/171352/cid/10998475/1993-Star-Pro-Body-Builders---Samples-NNO-Christian-Duffy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180429173751/http://www.tradingcarddb.com/ViewCard.cfm/sid/171352/cid/10998475/1993-Star-Pro-Body-Builders---Samples-NNO-Christian-Duffy |archive-date=April 29, 2018 |access-date=July 2, 2020 |publisher=Trading Card Database}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=1992 USA Championships − NPC |url=http://www.musclememory.com/show.php?c=USA+Championships+-+NPC&amp;y=1992 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180429152638/http://www.musclememory.com/show.php?c=USA+Championships+-+NPC&amp;y=1992 |archive-date=April 29, 2018 |access-date=July 2, 2020 |website=Muscle Memory}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱰᱯᱷᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱟᱰᱤᱵᱤᱞᱰᱤᱝ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ 2002 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱳᱞᱤᱢᱯᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=2002 Olympia - Masters − IFBB |url=http://www.musclememory.com/show.php?c=Olympia+-+Masters+-+IFBB&amp;y=2002 |access-date=July 2, 2020 |website=Muscle Memory |archive-date=February 20, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220194154/http://www.musclememory.com/show.php?c=Olympia+-+Masters+-+IFBB&amp;y=2002 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

᱑᱙᱙᱐ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱰᱯᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱢᱚᱥᱠᱮᱞ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱯᱷᱤᱴᱮᱱᱥ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱡᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱣᱦᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;muscdev&quot;/&gt;

=== ᱜᱚᱭᱮ ᱯᱳᱨᱱ ᱯᱟᱴᱷᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ===
᱑᱙᱙᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱯᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱞ ᱥᱴᱮᱱᱴᱚᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱭᱮ ᱯᱳᱨᱱ ꯏꯟꯗꯁꯇᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱭᱮ ᱯᱚᱨᱱᱳᱯᱷᱮᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱤ ᱵᱤᱞᱰᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;muscdev&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;bodbea&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Chris Duffy |url=http://www.bodybuilderbeautiful.com/bodybuilder-beautiful/2009/01/chris-duffy.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180429153959/http://www.bodybuilderbeautiful.com/bodybuilder-beautiful/2009/01/chris-duffy.html |archive-date=April 29, 2018 |access-date=July 2, 2020 |website=Bodybuilder Beautiful}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;where&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=August 5, 2010 |title=Where Are They Now with Chris Duffy (2010) |url=http://forums.musculardevelopment.com/showthread.php/93416-Where-Are-They-Now-with-quot-Chris-Duffy-quot |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180429145652/http://forums.musculardevelopment.com/showthread.php/93416-Where-Are-They-Now-with-quot-Chris-Duffy-quot |archive-date=April 29, 2018 |access-date=July 2, 2020 |website=[[Muscular Development]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱚᱨᱠ ᱰᱮᱦᱱᱟᱨ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱴᱟᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱯᱷᱤᱱᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱠᱳᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ' ᱫᱟ ᱳᱣᱟᱞᱰ ᱳᱱᱮᱥ ' (1994) ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱠ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱴᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱠᱰᱤ ᱵᱤᱞᱰᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;where&quot; /&gt;

᱑᱙᱙᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱰᱯᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱮᱞ ᱟᱞᱟᱜᱳᱣ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱟᱯᱷᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱚᱭᱮ ᱮᱥᱠᱳᱟᱨᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;MA&quot; /&gt;  ᱟᱞᱟᱜᱳ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ , ᱰᱯᱷᱤ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱮᱥᱠᱳᱟᱨᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮᱹᱣᱚᱠ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱤᱨᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱳ ᱳᱭᱤᱫᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱮᱞ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱵᱟᱰᱤᱵᱤᱞᱰᱤᱝ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱯᱷᱤᱛᱱᱮᱥ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱚᱡᱮ ᱫᱚ &quot; ᱳᱭᱤᱫᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱡ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱢᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱡᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ , ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱣ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱤᱵᱤᱞᱰᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;MA&quot; /&gt;  ᱟᱞᱟᱜᱳ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ , ᱰᱯᱷᱤ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ , ᱩᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱭᱤᱪ ᱟᱭᱹᱵᱷᱤ ᱜᱮᱢᱮᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ , 1996 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱰᱯᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱭᱮ ᱯᱳᱨᱱ ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱮᱱ ᱨᱚᱭᱮᱞ ᱢᱮᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱞᱩ ᱵᱞᱮᱠ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱨᱳᱢᱟᱱᱴᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;blue&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=OUT OF THE BLUE: Confessions of an Unlikely Porn Star by Blue Blake |url=http://thebookmarketingnetwork.com/profile/BlueBlake |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428181658/http://thebookmarketingnetwork.com/profile/BlueBlake |archive-date=2019-04-28 |access-date=July 2, 2020 |website=The Book Marketing Network}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;where&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Blue Blake |url=http://www.geocities.ws/petitpaul62/blueblake.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200702101322/http://www.geocities.ws/petitpaul62/blueblake.html |archive-date=July 2, 2020 |access-date=July 2, 2020 |publisher=[[Yahoo! GeoCities]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Blue Blake (3) |url=http://www.geocities.ws/petitpaul62/blue_3.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200702101621/http://www.geocities.ws/petitpaul62/blue_3.html |archive-date=July 2, 2020 |access-date=July 2, 2020 |publisher=[[Yahoo! GeoCities]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;biog&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Bull Stanton – Biography |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1798128/bio |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200702101927/https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1798128/bio |archive-date=July 2, 2020 |access-date=July 2, 2020 |publisher=[[IMDb]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ , ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ' ᱫᱟ ᱳᱣᱟᱞᱰ ᱳᱱᱮᱥ ' ᱟᱨ ' ᱱᱚᱛᱤᱱ ' ᱱᱟᱭᱤᱥ ' (1996) ᱟᱨ 1994 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ' ''ᱮᱵᱷᱳᱠᱮᱴ ᱢᱮᱱ'' ' ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱡᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;blue&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;where&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;bodbea&quot;/&gt; ᱰᱯᱷᱤ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱨᱼᱡᱩᱠᱤᱥᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;biog&quot; /&gt; ''ᱯᱮᱥᱤ'' ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱵᱮᱹᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ &quot; ᱦᱟᱭᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱠᱩᱭᱟᱞ &quot; ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱞᱡᱤᱵᱤᱴᱤ ᱜᱟᱛᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;muscdev&quot;/&gt;

=== ᱡᱤᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ===
ᱰᱟᱯᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱤᱵᱤᱞᱰᱤᱝ ᱡᱤᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱮᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ , ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱴᱟᱭᱜᱟᱨ ᱳᱰᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱚᱱᱩᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱮᱥᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱜᱳᱞᱯᱷᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱨᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;AA1&quot;/&gt; ᱰᱯᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱱᱴᱚᱱᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱳᱞᱨᱤᱫᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱵᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;AA1&quot; /&gt; 

* ᱜᱮᱭ ᱯᱳᱨᱱ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱯᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱾

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

== ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱝᱠ ==

* Bull Stanton at IMDb
* [https://archive.today/20121202064919/http://roidsnrants.blogspot.com/2006/07/big-guy-chris-duffy.html ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱨᱤᱥ ᱰᱯᱷᱤ]
* [http://www.musclememory.com/show.php?a=Duffy,+Chris MuscleMemory. com ᱨᱮ ᱠᱨᱤᱥ ᱰᱯᱷᱤ ᱾]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230828001806/http://www.musclememory.com/show.php?a=Duffy,+Chris |date=2023-08-28 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080315194825/http://contests.ironmanmagazine.com/index.cfm?go2=contests_competitor&amp;CompetitorID=1524 ''ᱟᱭᱩᱨᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱱ'' ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱡᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱨᱤᱥ ᱰᱯᱷᱤ ᱾]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱟᱢᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱯᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱠᱟᱹ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱦᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-20T10:53:24Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="14500" sha1="stivsss5e2rhq1gdo8pnennrau8g90d" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox Australian place
| type                  = ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ
| name                  = ᱦᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ
| state                 = tas
| native_name           = nipaluna
| image                 = {{photomontage
| photo1a = Hobart and Mount Wellington 20171120-039 (2).jpg{{!}}Hobart city centre
| photo2a = Hobart GPO from Collins Street.jpg{{!}}General Post Office
| photo2b = Hobart Tasmania Salamanca Place (2).jpg{{!}}Salamanca Place
| photo3a = St David's Park bandstand 20171118-001.jpg{{!}}St David's Park
| photo3b = Hobart Town Hall 01 (2).jpg{{!}}Town Hall
| photo4a = Hobart, Tasmania - Flickr - 3B's (2).jpg {{!}}Mt Wellington from Rosetta
| spacing = 2 | border = 0 |color = #F2F2F2 | size = 270}}
| caption               = Clockwise from top: [[Hobart City Centre]], [[Salamanca Place]], [[Hobart Town Hall]], [[Mount Wellington (Tasmania)|Mt Wellington]] from [[Rosetta, Tasmania|Rosetta]], [[St David's Park]], [[General Post Office, Hobart|General Post Office]]
| force_national_map    = yes
| coordinates           = {{coord|42|52|50|S|147|19|30|E|display=inline,title}}
| pop                   = ᱒᱕᱒᱖᱓᱙
| pop_year           = ᱒᱐᱒᱓
| pop_footnotes      = &lt;ref name=ABSGCCSA&gt;{{cite web|title=Regional Population - 2021 |website=abs.gov.au |publisher=[[Australian Bureau of Statistics]] |url =https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/people/population/regional-population/latest-release |access-date= 24 April 2023}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| poprank               = ᱑᱑ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ
| density               = 145.7
| density_footnotes     = (᱒᱐᱒᱑){{r|ABS}}
| area                  = {{Convert|1695.5|sqkm|sqmi|abbr=on}} (ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ)
| established           = {{start date|1804|02|20|df=yes}}
| established_footnotes = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article27194837 |title=Queen to Honour David Collins in Historic Unveiling |newspaper=[[The Mercury (Hobart)|The Mercury]] |location=Hobart, Tasmania |date=19 February 1954 |page=8, ''Royal Visit Souvenir'' supplement |access-date=17 January 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| timezone              = [[Australian Eastern Standard Time|AEST]]
| utc                   = +᱑᱐
| timezone-dst          = [[Australian Eastern Daylight Time|AEDT]] State: Tasmania.
| utc-dst               = +᱑᱑
| location1             = [[Huonville]]
| dist1                 = 38
| location2             = [[Swansea, Tasmania|Swansea]]
| dist2                 = 134
| location3             = [[Launceston, Tasmania|Launceston]]
| dist3                 = 198
| location4             = [[Queenstown, Tasmania|Queenstown]]
| dist4                 = 248
| location5             = [[Devonport, Tasmania|Devonport]]
| dist5                 = 284
| lga                   = [[City of Clarence]]
| lga2                  = [[City of Glenorchy]]
| lga3                  = [[City of Hobart]]
| lga4                  = [[Kingborough Council]]
| stategov              = [[Division of Clark (state)|Clark]], [[Division of Franklin (state)|Franklin]]
| fedgov                = [[Division of Clark|Clark]], [[Division of Franklin|Franklin]]
| elevation             = 17
| maxtemp               = 17.6
| maxtemp_footnotes     = 
| mintemp               = 9.0
| mintemp_footnotes     =
| rainfall              = 565.3
| rainfall_footnotes    =
}}
'''ᱦᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱛᱟᱥᱢᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱫᱤᱯ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Nipaluna |url=http://tacinc.com.au/nipaluna/#:~:text=nipaluna%20is%20the%20name%20of,the%20city%20of%20Hobart%20sits.&amp;text=This%20was%20the%20name%20known,people%20of%20the%20south%20east. |website=Tasmanian Aboriginal Centre |access-date=2023-09-04 |archive-date=2022-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220215230010/http://tacinc.com.au/nipaluna/#:~:text=nipaluna%20is%20the%20name%20of,the%20city%20of%20Hobart%20sits.&amp;text=This%20was%20the%20name%20known,people%20of%20the%20south%20east. |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱥᱢᱟᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱟᱨᱣᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=ABS&gt;{{cite web|title=Greater Hobart - 2021 Census All persons QuickStats|url=https://abs.gov.au/census/find-census-data/quickstats/2021/6GHOB|website=[[Australian Bureau of Statistics]]|date=28 June 2022|access-date=28 June 2022}}[[File:CC-BY icon.svg|50px]] Material was copied from this source, which is available under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License]&lt;/ref&gt; ᱦᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱥᱢᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱮᱨᱵᱷᱮᱱᱴ ᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱪᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱠᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱑,᱒᱗᱑ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱔,᱑᱗᱐ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ) ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱱᱤᱭ/ᱢᱟᱣᱩᱱᱴ ᱣᱮᱞᱤᱝᱴᱚᱱ (Mount Wellington) ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=kunanyi / Mount Wellington |url=http://www.hobartcity.com.au/Recreation/kunanyi_Mount_Wellington |website=[[Hobart City Council]] |access-date=9 June 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱜᱷᱟᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱱᱮᱪᱩᱨᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱜᱷᱟᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.antarctictasmania.com/home/hobart_gateway_to_antarctica |title=Antarctic Tasmania |date=14 August 2014 |access-date=29 August 2014 |website=[[Government of Tasmania]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006114742/http://www.antarctictasmania.com/home/hobart_gateway_to_antarctica |archive-date=6 October 2014 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|last1=Mocatta|first1=Charles Rawlings-Way, Meg Worby, Gabi |title=Tasmania |date=2008 |website=Lonely Planet |location=Footscray, Vic.| isbn=9781741046915 |edition=5th |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g4y3BMtG5W8C&amp;q=hobart%20reclaimed%20land&amp;pg=PA86}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ '''ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱦᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ''' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱞᱚᱠᱟᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾{{r|ABS}} &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.hobartcity.com.au/Business/Economic_Profile |title=Economic Profile |website=City of Hobart |access-date=7 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141030134605/http://www.hobartcity.com.au/Business/Economic_Profile |archive-date=30 October 2014 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱞᱠᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾

᱑᱘᱐᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱯᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱱᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Bolt |first=Frank |date=2004 |title=The Founding of Hobart |location=Kettering, Tasmania |publisher=Peregrine Press |isbn=0-9757166-0-3}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱦᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱰᱱᱤ]], ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱥᱟᱣᱛᱷ ᱣᱮᱞᱥ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱣᱮᱞᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱣᱮᱞᱤᱝ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱜᱷᱟᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱘᱕᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱚᱢ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ 

ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ, ᱦᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱥᱢᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ ᱟᱱᱴᱟᱨᱠᱴᱤᱠ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱩᱨᱤᱥᱴ ᱰᱮᱥᱠ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱡᱽ ᱜᱷᱟᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱑-᱑᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱑.᱑᱙᱒ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱧᱮᱞᱡᱚᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Regional Overview |url=http://tra.gov.au/documents/srr/Regional_Profiles_2012-13.xlsx |website=Tourism Research Australia |access-date=7 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150311021352/http://tra.gov.au/documents/srr/Regional_Profiles_2012-13.xlsx |archive-date=11 March 2015 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱒-᱒᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱙᱒᱔,᱐᱐᱐ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Tasmanian Tourism Snapshot |url=https://www.tourismtasmania.com.au/siteassets/documents/visitor-snapshots/2022-12---tasmanian-tourism-snapshot---ye-september-2022.pdf |website=Tourism Tasmania |access-date=2 August 2023 |archive-date=4 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804030744/https://www.tourismtasmania.com.au/siteassets/documents/visitor-snapshots/2022-12---tasmanian-tourism-snapshot---ye-september-2022.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱧᱮᱞᱡᱚᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ-ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱨᱠᱤᱴᱮᱠᱪᱚᱞ, ᱥᱚᱞᱟᱢᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱮᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱜᱳᱞᱟᱨᱫᱷ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱢᱤᱣᱡᱤᱭᱚᱢ, ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱢᱤᱣᱡᱤᱭᱚᱢ (ᱢᱳᱱᱟ) ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

==ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ==
ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱱᱥᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱸᱥ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱤᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱘᱐᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱮᱨᱵᱷᱮᱱᱴ ᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱥᱰᱚᱱ ᱠᱳᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ==


==ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ==
᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱜᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱔᱗,᱐᱖᱘ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱕᱕,᱐᱗᱗ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ, ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑,᱕᱔᱒ ᱰᱚᱞᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑,᱗᱔᱖ ᱰᱚᱞᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://abs.gov.au/census/find-census-data/quickstats/2021/601|title=2021 Greater Hobart, Census All persons QuickStats|website=Australian Bureau of Statistics|access-date=30 September 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ==


==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{Commons|ᱦᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ}}
{{wikivoyage|ᱦᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ}}
{{Wikisource1911Enc|ᱦᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ}}
*{{cite web |url=http://www.hobartcity.com.au/ |title=Home |website=ᱦᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱥᱤ}}
*{{cite web |url=http://www.nfsa.gov.au/blog/2012/09/28/tasmanian-time-capsule/ |title=Historical footage of Hobart, Launceston and the rest of Tasmania |website=[[National Film and Sound Archive]] |access-date=2023-09-05 |archive-date=2013-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002005440/http://www.nfsa.gov.au/blog/2012/09/28/tasmanian-time-capsule/ |url-status=dead }}
*{{cite web |url=http://www.rosebay.tased.edu.au/camera.htm |title=Images of the city live from the School |website=Rose Bay High School |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002225708/http://www.rosebay.tased.edu.au/camera.htm |archive-date=2 October 2013}}
*{{cite web |url=https://maps.google.com/maps?q=hobart&amp;ll=-42.88,147.35&amp;spn=0.049270,0.098173&amp;t=k&amp;hl=en |title=Satellite image |website=Google Maps}} 
*{{cite web |url=http://www.australia.com/explore/cities/hobart.aspx |title=Hobart |website=Tourism Australia |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150114180839/http://www.australia.com/explore/cities/hobart.aspx |archive-date=2015-01-14}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱦᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ| ]]
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    <title>ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱢᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱢ ᱟᱞᱚᱱ</title>
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      <text bytes="13279" sha1="mu5vc6s91zcjyl4zttd3gngup1ig4di" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox film|name=ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱢᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱢ ᱟᱞᱚᱱ 
| caption=cover for ''Octomom Home Alone''|director=[[Brad Armstrong (director)|Brad Armstrong]]|starring=[[Nadya Suleman]]|producer=|writer=|screenplay=|story=|cinematography=|editing=|studio=[[Wicked Pictures]]|distributor=|released=16 July 2012|country=United States|runtime=29 minutes|language=English|budget=|gross=}}
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ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱢᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱢ ᱟᱞᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱳᱨᱱᱳᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱱᱟᱫᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱩᱞᱮᱢᱟᱱ &quot; ᱳᱠᱴᱳᱢᱳᱢᱳᱢᱳᱢ &quot; ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/19/octomom-porn-video-trailer-octomom-home-alone_n_1610619.html Octomom Porn Video: 'Octomom: Home Alone' Trailer (VIDEO)],&quot; ''[[Huffington Post]]'', 19 June 2012, URL accessed 30 January 2013.&lt;/ref&gt; ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱖ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱭᱤᱠᱰ ᱯᱤᱠᱪᱟᱨᱥ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱞᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱹᱵᱷᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱭᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱭ ᱠᱚᱧᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Espinoza&quot;&gt;Alexander Espinoza, &quot;[http://www.xcritic.com/review/39181/octomom-home-alone/ Octomom Home Alone],&quot; ''XCritic'', 17 December 2012, URL accessed 27 January 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ==
᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱞᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱞᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱮᱠᱴᱩᱯᱞᱮᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱠᱴᱩᱯᱞᱮᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱱᱛᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5ilIx-PXnXPpwF1a_nlRYF00fzBIQD965O37O1 Veil about to be lifted on octuplets' mystery mom], ''Associated Press'', February 5, 2009&lt;/ref&gt; ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱨᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.reuters.com/article/domesticNews/idUSTRE51A7R020090211 Threats send California octuplets mom into hiding] Reuters, February 11, 2009&lt;/ref&gt;

᱑᱔ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱟᱵᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱩᱞᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱯᱳᱨᱱᱳᱯᱷᱮᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱯᱚᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱪᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ &quot; ᱤᱧ ᱑᱔ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱽᱨᱟᱢᱵᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱧ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱪᱟᱨᱪᱚᱜᱤᱡ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱞᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱑0,00,000 ᱰᱚᱞᱟᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱵᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱨᱮᱞ ᱠᱳᱨᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱱᱮᱵᱚᱞᱤᱡ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱞᱤᱥ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ, &quot; ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱵᱮᱣᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱤᱧ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱞᱤᱡᱽ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱷᱟᱲᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱤᱧ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ [[ᱵᱨᱟᱰ ᱟᱨᱢᱥᱴᱨᱚᱝ (ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ)|ᱵᱽᱨᱟᱰ]] ᱟᱨᱢᱥᱴᱨᱚᱝᱜ ᱥᱩᱞᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱮᱱᱰᱳ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ , ᱩᱱᱤ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱟᱹᱱᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱴᱷᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱱᱛᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱩᱞᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱳᱨᱱᱳᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱯᱚᱨᱟᱢᱚᱥ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱞᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱡᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱰᱤ ᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨᱴᱮᱱᱢᱮᱱᱴ (ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱡᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ) ᱼ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱳᱨᱱᱳᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱴᱷᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱤᱱᱟ ᱨᱩᱴᱨᱤᱜᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Gicas&quot;&gt;Peter Gicas, &quot;[http://entertainment.nbcnews.com/_news/2012/12/03/15645910-octomom-nadya-suleman-thankful-her-porn-film-is-up-for-4-awards?lite Octomom Nadya Suleman 'thankful' her porn film is up for 4 awards] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111213620/http://entertainment.nbcnews.com/_news/2012/12/03/15645910-octomom-nadya-suleman-thankful-her-porn-film-is-up-for-4-awards?lite |date=2020-11-11 }},&quot; ''nbcnews.com'', 3 December 2012, URL accessed 30 January 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱥᱩᱞᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱮᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ &quot; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱧ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱵᱩᱡᱩᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱧ ᱤᱧᱟᱜ ᱡᱳᱜᱥᱟᱛᱤ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ &quot;ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ&quot; ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;huffington&quot;&gt;David Moye, &quot;[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/12/29/octomom-nadya-suleman-to-_n_2378076.html Octomom Nadya Suleman To Blow Off Porn Awards Show? (NSFW)]&quot;, ''[[Huffington Post]]'', 29 December 2012, URL accessed 27 January 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

᱒᱐᱑᱓ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱞᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱞᱮᱯᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ , ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱯᱳᱨᱱᱳᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ-ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱛᱟᱢᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱦᱳᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;Kathleen Perricone, &quot;[http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/octomom-goes-back-on-welfare-will-she-have-to-do-porn-again-to-pay-the-bills-201381 Octomom Goes Back on Welfare: Will She Have to Do Porn Again to Pay the Bills?],&quot; ''[[Us Weekly]]'', 8 January 2013, URL accessed 30 January 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱷᱟᱲᱟ ==
ᱳᱠᱴᱳᱢᱚᱢ ᱦᱳᱢ ᱮᱞᱳᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱤᱞᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤ ᱥᱤᱠᱮᱥ ᱴᱮᱯᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱳᱞᱳ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤ ᱮᱠᱥᱴᱨᱟᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱵᱤᱪᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱮᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱳᱱ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱮᱹᱵᱷᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱤᱭᱳᱞᱟ ᱵᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱞ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱳᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱮᱞᱤᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤ ᱥᱤᱠᱮᱥ ᱴᱮᱯ ᱛᱷᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Entertainmenttelevision&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=2013-01-20 |title=Porn Again! Nadya Suleman Scores Best Celebrity Sex Tape Win at AVN Awards |url=http://ca.eonline.com/news/380344/porn-again-nadya-suleman-scores-best-celebrity-sex-tape-win-at-avn-awards |access-date=2013-01-22 |website=Brandi Fowler |publisher=[[E!]] Entertainment Television}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Perricone&quot;&gt;Kathleen Perricone, &quot;[http://omg.yahoo.com/blogs/celeb-news/octomom-wins-best-celebrity-sex-tape-avn-hopes-203620637.html Octomom Wins Best Celebrity Sex Tape AVN, Hopes Award ‘Will Open Doors to More Opportunities’],&quot; ''Yahoo!'' 23 January 2013, URL accessed 30 January 2013.&lt;/ref&gt; ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱞᱳ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱞ ᱱᱟᱪᱟᱨᱮᱞ ᱜᱚᱞᱟᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱞᱳᱥ ᱴᱷᱮᱱᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://business.avn.com/articles/video/And-Now-The-2013-AVN-Award-Winners-503520.html AVN - And Now... The 2013 AVN Award Winners!] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130203074114/http://business.avn.com/articles/video/And-Now-The-2013-AVN-Award-Winners-503520.html |date=2013-02-03 }}. Retrieved January 27, 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱥᱩᱞᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱳᱢᱤᱱᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ &quot;ᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱧᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱳᱠᱴᱳᱢᱳᱢ ᱦᱳᱢ ᱮᱞᱚᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱱᱳᱢᱤᱱᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱮᱫᱟ!&quot; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱮᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱤᱱᱟ ᱨᱳᱰᱨᱤᱜᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱞᱢᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱮᱞᱤᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤ ᱥᱮᱠ ᱴᱮᱯᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ , &quot; ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ , ᱪᱮᱫ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱾ ᱟᱭᱢᱟᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹᱣᱼᱟ ᱾

''ᱮᱠᱥᱠᱨᱤᱴᱤᱠ'' ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱞᱚᱠᱡᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱮᱥᱯᱤᱱᱳᱡᱟ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱚᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱯᱤᱪ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱨᱤᱛᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, &quot;ᱯᱳᱨᱱᱳ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱡᱚᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ... ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱢᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱥᱠᱚᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱩᱱᱟᱹᱨ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱸᱦᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Moye2&quot;&gt;David Moye, &quot;[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/07/02/octomom-home-alone-video-reviewed_n_1642198.html Octomom Nadya Suleman's 'Home Alone' Video Reviewed By Porn Stars],&quot; ''[[Huffington Post]]'', 2 July 2012, URL accessed 28 January 2013.&lt;/ref&gt; ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱫ ''ᱮᱠᱥᱠᱨᱤᱴᱤᱠ'' ᱨᱮᱱ ᱨᱚᱵ ᱯᱮᱨᱮᱡ 'ᱳᱠᱴᱚᱢᱚᱢ' ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;Rob Perez, &quot;[http://www.xcritic.com/review/38679/octomom-home-alone/ Octomom Home Alone],&quot; ''XCritic'', 7 August 2012, URL accessed 27 January 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱨᱟᱯᱟᱪᱟᱜ ==
''ᱫᱟ ᱦᱚᱯᱷᱤᱱᱴᱚᱱ ᱯᱮᱥᱴ'' ᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ , ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱞᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮᱼᱵᱟᱵᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱫᱤᱡ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
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[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱒᱐᱑᱐ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱷ]]</text>
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      <text bytes="10250" sha1="3n36emjwopoo3e5ih4v6gw23t1mnfu8" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox film|name=ᱚᱞ ᱮᱞᱚᱱ|image=All Alone DVD cover.jpg|image_size=|border=|alt=|caption=[[DVD]] cover|director=Mike Quasar|producer=|writer=|screenplay=|story=|cinematography=|editing=|studio=[[Third Degree Films]]|distributor=|released=2006-2008|country=United States|language=English|budget=|gross=}}
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ᱚᱞ ᱮᱞᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱞᱤᱡᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱢᱟᱥᱴᱟᱨᱵᱮᱥᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱨᱱᱳᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱠ ᱠᱳᱣᱟᱥᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱰᱮᱡᱮᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢᱥ ᱦᱚᱛᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Albo&quot;&gt;Mike Albo, &quot;[http://www.avn.com/movies/9239.html All Alone],&quot; ''AVN'', 1 April 2007, URL accessed 2 December 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Star&quot;&gt;Marc Star, &quot;[http://www.avn.com/movies/77108.html All Alone 4],&quot; ''AVN'', 3 January 2009, URL accessed 28 July 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ==
All Alone (2006), All Alone 2 (2007), All Alone 3 (2008), and All Alone 4 (2008) ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱰᱤᱥᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱜᱮᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱥᱠᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ, ᱥᱮᱠᱥ ᱴᱚᱭ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱯᱮᱱᱤ ᱯᱷᱞᱮᱢ, ᱚᱰᱨᱤᱭ ᱵᱤᱴᱚᱱᱤ, ᱥᱟᱥᱟ ᱜᱨᱮ, ᱟᱞᱮᱠᱥᱤᱥ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱮᱥ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱽᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ ᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱾

== ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱷᱟᱲᱟ ᱾ ==
ᱟᱞ ᱮᱞᱳᱱ 4 ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱞᱳ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ 2010 ᱮᱹᱵᱷᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾  ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ , ᱡᱮᱱᱟ ᱦᱮᱡᱽ ' ᱟᱞ ᱟᱞᱳᱱ ' ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱞᱳ ᱥᱤᱠᱮᱥ ᱥᱤᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ 2008 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱹᱵᱷᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ' ᱟᱞ ᱟᱞᱚᱱ 2 ' ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱞᱮᱥᱴ ᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾  2008 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱞᱳ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱞ ᱮᱞᱳᱱ 2 ᱾

ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩᱜᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱵᱤᱵᱮᱵᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ''ᱮᱠᱥᱠᱨᱤᱴᱤᱠ'' ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ , &quot; ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱨᱟᱹᱥᱠᱟᱹ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ &quot; ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ , ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ''ᱮᱵᱷᱤ ᱮᱱ'' ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱟᱵᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ &quot; ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱮ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫᱼᱵᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;Don Houston, &quot;[http://www.xcritic.com/review/26343/alektra-blue-all-alone/ All Alone],&quot; ''XCritic'', 31 January 2007, URL accessed 25 November 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Albo&quot;/&gt;  ᱢᱤᱫᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱰᱚᱞᱴ ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤ ᱴᱚᱠ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ , &quot; ᱟᱞ ᱮᱞᱳᱱ 2 ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱡᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱛᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱛᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱡᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱜᱮ ᱟᱡᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱮ ᱟᱡᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱛᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱛᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱡᱛᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱫᱚᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱳᱭᱳᱜᱼᱟ &quot; ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ &quot; ᱤᱧ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ &quot; ᱟᱨ ᱤᱧ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ , ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱨᱚᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;LeeScott, &quot;[http://www.adultdvdtalk.com/reviews/read_review.dlt/sku=17321/all-alone-2-(3rd-degree).htm All Alone 2],&quot; ''Adult DVD Talk'', 24 July 2007, URL accessed 25 November 2012.&lt;/ref&gt; ᱨᱳᱜᱨᱤᱵᱷᱤᱭᱩᱹᱥ ' ᱟᱞ ᱮᱞᱳᱱ 3 ' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ' ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ' ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;Roger T. Pipe, &quot;[http://www.rogreviews.com/15207/all-alone-3/ All Alone 3],&quot; ''RogReviews'', 28 June 2008, URL accessed 25 November 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;  ''ᱮᱵᱷᱤ ᱮᱱ'' ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱚᱞᱤᱭᱩᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱳᱣᱟᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ &quot; ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱥᱩᱪᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;Mark Kernes, &quot;[http://www.avn.com/movies/69006.html All Alone 3] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053310/http://www.avn.com/movies/69006.html |date=2016-03-04 }},&quot; ''AVN'', 13 June 2008, URL accessed 28 July 2013.&lt;/ref&gt; ' ᱟᱞ ᱮᱞᱳᱱ 4 ' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱮᱰᱟᱞᱴ ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤ ᱴᱚᱠ ᱨᱤᱵᱷᱤᱭᱩ , ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱞᱳ ᱜᱟᱨᱞ ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱛᱤᱞ ᱜᱮ ''ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ'' ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾  ''ᱮᱵᱷᱤ ᱮᱱ'' ᱯᱳᱱ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ &quot; ᱥᱩᱡᱚᱥᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ &quot; ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱹᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱮᱱᱤᱴᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱱᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Star&quot;/&gt;

2007 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ''ᱮᱹᱵᱷᱤ ᱮᱱ'' ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ , ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ &quot; ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;Eddie Adams, &quot;[http://www.avn.com/movies/13721.html All Alone 2] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000453/http://www.avn.com/movies/13721.html |date=2016-03-04 }},&quot; ''AVN'', 2 October 2007, URL accessed 2 December 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱨᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱾ ==
XCritic ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱰᱚᱱ ᱦᱭᱩᱥᱴᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱮᱞᱮᱜᱟᱱᱴ ᱮᱸᱡᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱭᱩᱥᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱞᱞᱚᱵᱽ-ᱛᱷᱮᱢ ᱯᱳᱨᱱᱳᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱚᱞ ᱵᱷᱤ ᱢᱟᱭᱥᱮᱞᱯᱷ (All By Myself) ᱫᱚ ᱚᱞᱞᱳᱱ (All Alone) ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱮᱨᱰ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ (Third Degree) ᱟᱨ ᱮᱞᱮᱜᱟᱱᱴ ᱮᱸᱡᱮᱞ (Elegant Angel) ᱫᱚ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;Don Houston, &quot;[http://www.xcritic.com/review/26421/anastasia-pierce-all-by-myself/ All By Myself],&quot; ''XCritic'', 5 February 2007, URL accessed 12 December 2012.&lt;/ref&gt; ' ᱫᱟ آل ᱵᱳᱭ ᱢᱮᱭᱥᱮᱞᱯᱷ ' ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱞᱳ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱵᱷᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾

ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱰᱩᱞᱴ ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤ ᱴᱚᱞᱠ ᱠᱨᱤᱛᱤᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱨᱞᱯᱷᱨᱮᱱᱰᱥ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢᱥ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱨᱤᱞᱤᱡᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱳᱨᱱᱳᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱚᱞ ᱱᱮᱪᱚᱨᱟᱞ ᱜᱞᱳᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱳᱞᱳᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱮᱞᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱥᱴᱤ ᱥᱳᱞᱳᱥ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ &quot;ᱢᱚᱥᱴᱟᱨᱵᱟᱥᱴᱤ ᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ&quot; ᱟᱨ &quot;ᱯᱳᱨᱱᱳ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱮᱠᱴᱤᱵᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ&quot; ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;jayo, &quot;[http://www.adultdvdtalk.com/review/all-natural-glamour-solos-25454 All Natural Glamour Solos],&quot; ''Adult DVD Talk'', 21 August 2011, URL accessed 12 December 2012.&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱞᱤᱥ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ' ᱟᱞ ᱱᱟᱪᱟᱨᱟᱞ ᱜᱚᱞᱟᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱞᱳᱥ ' ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱚᱞᱳ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱵᱷᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://business.avn.com/articles/video/AVN-Announces-the-2012-AVN-Award-Winners-461715.html AVN - AVN Announces the 2012 AVN Award Winners] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120123131949/http://business.avn.com/articles/video/AVN-Announces-the-2012-AVN-Award-Winners-461715.html |date=2012-01-23 }}. URL accessed 9 April 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
&lt;references group=&quot;&quot; responsive=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;/references&gt;

== ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==

* All Alone at IMDb
* All Alone 1 at the Internet Adult Film Database
* All Alone at the Adult Film Database
* All Alone 2 at IMDb
* All Alone 3 at IMDb
* All Alone 4 at IMDb
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱒᱐᱐᱐]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱟᱢᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱥᱚᱢᱥᱮᱨ ᱥᱤᱝ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>193003</id>
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      <text bytes="4221" sha1="g0bgbcrk7h6m2fygwkzm8gcqdo637g9" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Indian field hockey player (born 1997)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2020}}
{{Infobox field hockey player
| name           = Shamsher Singh
| image          = Shamsher Singh.jpg 
| image_size     = 
| alt            = 
| caption        = Singh in August 2022 
| birth_date     = {{Birth date and age|1997|7|29|df=y}}
| birth_place    = [[Attari]], [[Amritsar district]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], India&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Kiran |first1=Sidney |title=Sons of soil reap their toil |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/sports/other-sports/sons-of-soil-reap-their-toil-752534.html |accessdate=21 September 2019 |work=Deccan Herald |date=6 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| height 	     = 1.78 m
| weight 	     = 
| position       = Forward
| currentclub    = Punjab National Bank
| clubs1         = Punjab National Bank
| years1         = 
| caps1          = 
| goals1         = 
| nationalyears1 = 2016
| nationalteam1  = [[India men's national under-21 field hockey team|India U21]]
| nationalcaps1  = 5
| nationalgoals1 = 0
| nationalyears2 = 2019–
| nationalteam2  = [[India men's national field hockey team|India]]
| nationalcaps2  = 80
| nationalgoals2 = 15
| medaltemplates = 
{{MedalSport|Men's [[field hockey]]}}
{{MedalCountry|{{IND}}}}
{{MedalOlympic}}
{{MedalBronze|[[2020 Summer Olympics|2020 Tokyo]]|[[Field hockey at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|Team]]}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Field hockey at the Asian Games|Asian Games]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[2022 Asian Games|2022 Hangzhou]]|[[Field hockey at the 2022 Asian Games – Men's tournament|Team]]}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Men's Asian Champions Trophy|Asian Champions Trophy]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[2023 Men's Asian Champions Trophy|2023 Chennai]]|}}
{{MedalBronze|[[2021 Men's Asian Champions Trophy|2021 Dhaka]]|}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Hockey at the Commonwealth Games|Commonwealth Games]]}}
{{MedalSilver|[[2022 Commonwealth Games|2022 Birmingham]]|[[Hockey at the 2022 Commonwealth Games – Men's tournament|Team]]}}
}}
'''ᱥᱚᱢᱥᱮᱨ ᱥᱤᱝ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱒᱙ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱙᱗) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱰ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=N Bharadwaj |first1=Aakanksha |title=Hockey player Shamsher has a city connect |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/jalandhar/hockey-player-shamsher-has-a-city-connect/811781.html |accessdate=21 September 2019 |work=The Tribune |date=1 August 2019 |archive-date=21 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190921022602/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/jalandhar/hockey-player-shamsher-has-a-city-connect/811781.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Chidananda |first1=Shreedutta |title=Young guns Shamsher Singh, Ashis Topno ready for the big stage |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/hockey/ashis-topno-shamsher-singh-india-hockey-team-debut-olympic-test-event/article28838555.ece |accessdate=21 September 2019 |work=Sportstar |date=6 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱦᱟᱝᱡᱳᱣ]] ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱰᱟᱞ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱠᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Asian Games Results |url=https://info.hangzhou2022.cn/en/results/hockey/result-men-fnl-000200-.htm |access-date=6 October 2023 |website=2022 Asian Games, Hangzhou |archive-date=8 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008232508/https://info.hangzhou2022.cn/en/results/hockey/result-men-fnl-000200-.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

== ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==
*[https://www.hockeyindia.org/players/shamsher-singh-profile-1022 Shamsher Singh] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210719090925/https://www.hockeyindia.org/players/shamsher-singh-profile-1022 |date=19 July 2021 }} at [[Hockey India]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱱᱛ ᱥᱤᱝ</title>
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      <text bytes="5078" sha1="oib7eye5pnrvpqm9qy17wpypx989992" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Indian field hockey player (born 1995)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox field hockey player
| name                 = ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱱᱛ ᱥᱤᱝ
| image                = Gurjant Singh.jpg 
| image_size           =
| alt                  =
| caption              =Singh in August 2022
| birth_date           = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1995|1|26}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Gurjant Singh &quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://hockeyindia.org/team/gurjant-singh.html |title=Gurjant Singh |publisher=Hockey India |access-date=17 December 2016 |archive-date=26 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170126175342/http://hockeyindia.org/team/gurjant-singh.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| birth_place          = [[Amritsar]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], India&lt;ref name=&quot;The team’s big match player&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/sports/others/The-teams-big-match-player/articleshow/55567200.cms |title=The team's big match player |publisher=Bangalore Mirror  |publication-date=23 November 2016 |access-date=17 December 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| height               = 1.83 m
| weight               =
| position             = Forward
| currentclub          = ONGC
| clubs1               = [[Dabang Mumbai]]
| years1               = 
| caps1                = 
| goals1               = 
| clubs2               = ONGC
| years2               = 
| caps2                = 
| goals2               = 
| nationalyears1       = 2015–2016
| nationalteam1        = [[India men's national under-21 field hockey team|India U21]]
| nationalcaps1        = 11
| nationalgoals1       = 7
| nationalteam2        = [[India men's national field hockey team|India]]
| nationalyears2       = 2017–
| nationalcaps2        = 98
| nationalgoals2       = 26
| medaltemplates       = 
{{MedalSport|Men’s [[field hockey]]}}
{{MedalCountry|{{IND}}}}
{{MedalOlympic}}
{{MedalBronze|[[2020 Summer Olympics|2020 Tokyo]]|[[Field hockey at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|Team]]}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Field hockey at the Asian Games|Asian Games]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[2022 Asian Games|2022 Hangzhou]]|[[Field hockey at the 2022 Asian Games – Men's tournament|Team]]}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Men's Hockey Asia Cup|Asia Cup]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[2017 Men's Hockey Asia Cup|2017 Dhaka]]|}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Asian Hockey Champions Trophy|Asian Champions Trophy]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[2018 Asian Men's Hockey Champions Trophy|2018 Muscat]]|}}
{{MedalGold|[[2023 Men's Asian Champions Trophy|2023 Chennai]]|}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Hockey at the Commonwealth Games|Commonwealth Games]]}}
{{MedalSilver|[[2022 Commonwealth Games|2022 Birmingham]]|[[Hockey at the 2022 Commonwealth Games – Men's tournament|Team]]}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Men's FIH Hockey World League|Hockey World League]]}}
{{MedalBronze|[[2016–17 Men's FIH Hockey World League|2016–17 Bhubaneswar]]|[[2016–17 Men's FIH Hockey World League Final|Team]]}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Hockey Junior World Cup|Junior World Cup]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[2016 Men's Hockey Junior World Cup|2016 Lucknow]]|}}
{{MedalCompetition|[[Hockey Junior Asia Cup|Junior Asia Cup]]}}
{{MedalGold|[[2015 Men's Hockey Junior Asia Cup|2015 Kuantan]]|}}
}}
'''ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱱᱛ ᱥᱤᱝ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱒᱖ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱙᱕) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱰ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟ. ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Gurjant Singh is chasing dreams on the hockey turf&quot;&gt;{{Cite news |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/hockey/chasing-dreams-on-the-hockey-turf/ |title=Gurjant Singh is chasing dreams on the hockey turf |publisher=The Indian Express  |publication-date=25 December 2015 |access-date=17 December 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;

᱒᱐᱑᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱞᱚᱠᱷᱱᱚᱣ]] ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱠᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;IND&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://fih.ch/events/hockey-junior-world-cup/uttar-pradesh-mens-hockey-junior-world-cup-2016/teams/?teamId=3399 |title=IND |publisher=FIH |access-date=16 December 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱦᱟᱝᱡᱳᱣ]] ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱰᱟᱞ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Asian Games Results |url=https://info.hangzhou2022.cn/en/results/hockey/result-men-fnl-000200-.htm |access-date=6 October 2023 |website=2022 Asian Games, Hangzhou |archive-date=8 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008232508/https://info.hangzhou2022.cn/en/results/hockey/result-men-fnl-000200-.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

== ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==
*[https://www.hockeyindia.org/players/gurjant-singh-profile-1342 Gurjant Singh] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230510033211/https://www.hockeyindia.org/players/gurjant-singh-profile-1342 |date=10 May 2023 }} at [[Hockey India]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱤᱱᱮᱞ</title>
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      <text bytes="5870" sha1="at7qcvb117qpravhin18ub04v5w6jai" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox ethnic group
| group           = Sentinelese
| native_name     = 
| native_name_lang = 
| flag            = &lt;!-- (image filename) --&gt;
| flag_caption    = 
| image           = 
| image_caption   = 
| population      = 35–400
| genealogy       = 
| regions         = [[North Sentinel Island]], {{IND}}
| languages       = [[Sentinelese language|Sentinelese]] (presumed)
| religions       = 
| related_groups  = Possibly [[Jarawa (Andaman Islands)|Jarawa]] or [[Onge people|Onge]]
| footnotes       = {{Location map | India#India Andaman and Nicobar Islands
| width = 300
| float = right
| relief = yes
| label = North Sentinel Island
| position = right
| lat_deg = 11 | lat_min = 33 &lt;!-- default: lat_dir = N --&gt;
| lon_deg = 92 | lon_min = 14 &lt;!-- default: lon_dir = E --&gt;
}}
}}
[[File:Gallery-1491391768-north-sentinel-island.jpg|thumb|290px|Aerial photograph of [[North Sentinel Island]]]]
'''ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱤᱱᱮᱞᱤᱥ''', '''ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱤᱱᱮᱞᱤ''' ᱟᱨ '''ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱤᱱᱮᱞ''' ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ]] ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ [[ᱮᱛᱚᱢ]] [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢᱼᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱝᱜᱚ ᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟ ᱵᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱤᱱᱮᱞ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱱᱰᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Wire22Nov&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title='Adventurist' American Killed by Protected Andaman Tribe on Island Off-Limits to Visitors |last=Wire Staff |url=https://thewire.in/rights/american-killed-by-protected-andaman-tribe-on-island-off-limits-to-visitors |access-date=24 November 2018 |publisher=The wire |date=22 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122142019/https://thewire.in/rights/american-killed-by-protected-andaman-tribe-on-island-off-limits-to-visitors |archive-date=22 November 2018 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱟᱱᱰᱟᱢᱟᱱ, [[ᱡᱟᱨᱟᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ (ᱟᱱᱰᱟᱢᱟᱱ)]], [[ᱳᱱᱜᱮ]], ᱥᱳᱢᱯᱮᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱠᱚᱵᱚᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱤᱱᱮᱞᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱱᱰᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱠᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱫᱤᱯᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱤᱱᱮᱞᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱯᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱰᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾
==ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ==
᱑᱙᱕᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱤᱱᱮᱞ ᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱓ ᱱᱟᱴᱤᱥᱤᱠ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ (᱕.᱖ ᱠᱤᱞᱚ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ) ᱥᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱩᱡᱽ ᱰᱮᱥᱠ ᱺ
==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j7BNwmVvk6g Video &quot;SENTINELESE : World's Most Isolated Tribe&quot;], includes clips of friendly contact by the Anthropological Survey of India as well as another clip of National Geographic crew's attempt at contact being rebuffed by the Sentinelese
* [https://www.downtoearth.org.in/interviews/environment/-leave-the-sentinelese-alone--61317 &quot;Leave the Sentinelese alone&quot;], an interview with the T N Pandit of Anthropological Survey of India
* [http://www.probashionline.com/madhumala-chattopadhyay-first-friendly-contact-with-the-sentinelese-jarawa-andamans/ Madhumala Chattopadhyay: An Anthropologist's Moment of Truth], discusses first friendly contact with Sentinelese
* [http://www.thewe.cc/contents/more/archive2005/january/jarwas_onges_shompens_sentinelese_great_andamanese.htm Administration in India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands has finally decided upon a policy of minimal interference]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170818134620/http://www.thewe.cc/contents/more/archive2005/january/jarwas_onges_shompens_sentinelese_great_andamanese.htm |date=18 August 2017 }}
* {{cite web |title=The most isolated tribe in the world? |work=Uncontacted tribes |publisher=Survival International |url=http://www.survivalinternational.org/campaigns/uncontactedtribes/mostisolated}}
* {{cite news |title=Survival comes first for the last Stone Age tribe world |last=McDougall |first=Dan |newspaper=The Guardian |date=11 February 2006 |access-date=1 August 2015 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/feb/12/theobserver.worldnews12}}

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱟᱱᱰᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱠᱚᱵᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ]]</text>
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      <text bytes="1827" sha1="b15bhtggg2l6ann02mi6tmysyh3b5vf" xml:space="preserve">'''ᱛᱷᱚᱛᱤ''' ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ|ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱫ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱟ.ᱫᱤᱵᱟ.ᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱑ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ|ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱓,᱖᱕᱔ ᱛᱷᱚᱴᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ 2001 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱚᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱒,᱐᱗᱔ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱾

ᱛᱷᱚᱛᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱱᱫᱷᱨᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱲᱩᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱟᱫᱤᱞᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱟᱫᱤᱞᱵᱟᱫ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱣᱟᱨᱟᱝᱜᱟᱞ ᱫᱮᱦᱟᱛ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱳᱣᱟᱨᱟᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱱᱤᱡᱟᱢᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱱᱤᱡᱟᱢᱵᱟᱫ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱚᱨᱤᱢᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱠᱟᱨᱤᱢᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ  ᱾

ᱛᱷᱚᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ [[ᱜᱳᱱᱰᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱜᱩᱱᱰᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱾

== ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ ==
{{ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ}}

== ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==
* http://www.aptribes.gov.in/html/tcr-studies-eci-thotis.htm{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216070246/http://www.aptribes.gov.in/html/tcr-studies-eci-thotis.htm |date=2012-02-16 }}
* [http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/dh_st_andhra.pdf ᱚᱱᱫᱨᱚᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠᱟ ᱩᱯᱚᱡᱟᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱛᱷᱤ ᱾]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱤᱥᱟ ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱟ</title>
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 {{Infobox pageant titleholder|name=ᱤᱥᱟ ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱟ|image=Esha Gupta graces the launch of Neha Gupta’s Festive Spring Summer 2018 collection (04) (cropped).jpg|caption=᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱥᱟ ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱟ|occupation=ᱟᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ|title=ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱤᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱤᱱᱴᱚᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱒᱐᱐᱗|competitions=[[ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱤᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[ᱢᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱴᱚᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱒᱐᱐᱗]]|birth_place=ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ|birth_date={{birth date and age|1985|11|28|df=yes}}|years_active=2012–ᱱᱤᱛ|relatives=|website={{URL|https://www.eshaguptaofficial.com/}}}}

'''ᱤᱥᱟ ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱟ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ 28 ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 1985) &lt;ref name=&quot;dob1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=28 November 2014 |title=Birthday Special: Esha Gupta's Knockout Looks! |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/birthday-special-esha-guptas-knockout-looks/20141128.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160803170450/http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/birthday-special-esha-guptas-knockout-looks/20141128.htm |archive-date=3 August 2016 |access-date=29 May 2016 |website=[[Rediff]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;dob2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=28 November 2012 |title=Esha Gupta's birthday wish: To do a 'masala 'film |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-esha-gupta-s-birthday-wish-to-do-a-masala-film-1770865 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814000647/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-esha-gupta-s-birthday-wish-to-do-a-masala-film-1770865 |archive-date=14 August 2016 |access-date=29 May 2016 |website=[[Daily News and Analysis]]}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱯᱟᱴᱷᱚᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱚᱨᱚᱠ ᱠᱷᱮᱹᱞᱳᱰ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ 2007 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱤᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱫᱦᱩᱫᱤ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ 2007 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱮᱞᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ &lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=13 August 2012 |title=Planet glamour Act II |url=http://www.financialexpress.com/news/planet-glamour-act-ii/987462/0 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215120420/http://www.financialexpress.com/news/planet-glamour-act-ii/987462/0 |archive-date=15 December 2013 |access-date=2 November 2012 |website=The Financial Express}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱠᱨᱟᱭᱤᱢ ᱛᱷᱨᱤᱞᱟᱨ '&lt;nowiki/&gt;''ᱡᱟᱱᱱᱟᱴ 2''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' (2012) ᱟᱨ '&lt;nowiki/&gt;''ᱨᱟᱡ 3''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' (2012 ') ᱟᱨ'''ᱵᱟᱫᱽᱥᱟᱦᱚ'' ' (2017) ᱟᱨ' ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱟᱨ 4 ' (2024) ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱯᱳᱭᱞᱳ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢᱯᱷᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾

ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱟ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱤᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱟᱶᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱮᱞ ᱠᱷᱮᱛᱟᱵᱽ ᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱮᱞ ᱯᱮᱡᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ 'ᱪᱚᱠᱨᱚᱵᱤᱭᱩ' (᱒᱐᱑᱒) ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱢᱤᱰᱤ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ 'ᱦᱟᱢᱥᱚᱠᱚᱞᱥ' (᱒᱐᱑᱔) ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱼᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱜᱟᱞᱚᱪᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱨᱟᱨ ᱛᱨᱤᱛᱞᱟᱨ 'ᱨᱟᱡ 3ᱰᱤ' ᱒᱐᱑᱓ᱼᱨᱮ 'ᱨᱩᱥᱛᱚᱢ' ᱟᱨ ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱᱼ ᱮᱰᱵᱷᱮᱱᱪᱟᱨ 'ᱵᱟᱫᱥᱟᱦᱳ' ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱾

== ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ==
ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱟ ᱒᱘ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ 1985 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ [[ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]] ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;dob1&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Birthday special: Things you may not know about Esha Gupta |url=http://www.mid-day.com/photos/birthday-special-things-you-may-not-know-about-esha-gupta/4218 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610135228/http://www.mid-day.com/photos/birthday-special-things-you-may-not-know-about-esha-gupta/4218 |archive-date=10 June 2016 |access-date=29 May 2016 |website=Mid Day}}&lt;/ref&gt;  ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱳᱨᱥ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=22 May 2012 |title=Celeb Fitness Mantras: Esha Gupta |url=http://idiva.com/news-health/celeb-fitness-mantras-esha-gupta/12861 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014063216/http://idiva.com/news-health/celeb-fitness-mantras-esha-gupta/12861 |archive-date=14 October 2012 |access-date=14 December 2012 |publisher=iDiva}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱮᱦᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱜᱮ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱫᱩᱱ,[[ᱦᱟᱭᱫᱽᱨᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ|ᱦᱟᱭᱫᱨᱟᱵᱟᱫ]] ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Esha and Neha Gupta at the launch of Omega's 'Ladymatic' watch at Taj Palace, Delhi on November 23, 2011 |url=http://photogallery.indiatimes.com/events/delhi/Omega-Ladymatic-launch/articleshow/10882814.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130219074710/http://photogallery.indiatimes.com/events/delhi/Omega-Ladymatic-launch/articleshow/10882814.cms |archive-date=19 February 2013 |access-date=10 April 2013 |website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱟ ᱢᱚᱱᱤᱯᱟᱞ  ᱢᱚᱱᱤᱯᱟᱞ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱠᱚᱞ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱭᱩᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱮᱥ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱭᱩᱢᱤᱭᱩᱢᱤᱭᱩᱱᱤᱪᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱭᱮᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Acting over education - Lesser known facts about Esha Gupta |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/photo-features/lesser-known-facts-about-esha-gupta/Acting-over-education/photostory/60361028.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012020949/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/photo-features/lesser-known-facts-about-esha-gupta/Acting-over-education/photostory/60361028.cms |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=18 November 2019 |website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱟ 2007 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱤᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱯᱷᱳᱴᱳᱡᱮᱱᱤᱠ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ&lt;ref name=&quot;missi2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Esha Gupta - Femina Miss India 2007 Contestants |url=http://feminamissindia.indiatimes.com/photoshow/6251553.cms?curpg=4 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516032443/http://feminamissindia.indiatimes.com/photoshow/6251553.cms?curpg=4 |archive-date=16 May 2013 |access-date=14 August 2012 |website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ 3 ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;missi&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=16 July 2012 |title=Miss India Winners 2007 – Miss India – Title Holders – Femina Miss India – Indiatimes |url=http://feminamissindia.indiatimes.com/titleholder/articleshow/6260972.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121201055338/http://feminamissindia.indiatimes.com/titleholder/articleshow/6260972.cms |archive-date=1 December 2012 |access-date=13 August 2012 |website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2010 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱝᱯᱷᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱞᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=ninjas |title=Sexy Kingfisher Calendar Girls &amp;#124; guylife.com &amp;#124; Page 4 |url=http://guylife.com/slideshow-babes/sexy-kingfisher-calendar-girls/8795/4 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120526132142/http://guylife.com/slideshow-babes/sexy-kingfisher-calendar-girls/8795/4 |archive-date=26 May 2012 |access-date=13 August 2012 |publisher=guylife.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱞᱤᱭᱩᱰ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱᱮ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=15 January 2013 |title=Bollywood wasn't Esha Gupta's first choice |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/bollywood-wasn-t-esha-gupta-s-first-choice/story-iMVBTECfWq22p0apVmeEQI.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180427044735/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/bollywood-wasn-t-esha-gupta-s-first-choice/story-iMVBTECfWq22p0apVmeEQI.html |archive-date=27 April 2018 |access-date=10 April 2013 |website=Hindustan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ==
[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Chakravyuh_Music_Launch.jpg|thumb|2014 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱚ ᱾]]
[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Esha_Gupta_snapped_on_sets_of_High_Fever…_Dance_Ka_Naya_Tevar_(04).jpg|thumb|2018 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱭ ᱯᱷᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨ... ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱠᱟ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱴᱮᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱴᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱚ ᱾]]
ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱟ 2018 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ  ᱡᱮᱹᱯᱤ ᱫᱟᱛ ᱟᱜ ''ᱯᱟᱞᱛᱟᱱ'' ᱟᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱨᱟᱢᱯᱟᱞ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱮᱨᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=6 March 2018 |title=JP Dutta's Paltan first poster out, film to release on September 7 |url=https://m.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/jp-dutta-s-paltan-first-poster-out-film-to-release-on-september-7/story-8f1N7x1ktHGrJ2Ca6Cf2kL.html&amp;sa=U&amp;ved=2ahUKEwi41o_Z7ebZAhVHsI8KHddPDm4QFjAAegQICBAB&amp;usg=AOvVaw37ZXNuT4Dp-sv-RDgFhcy5 |access-date=6 March 2018 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en }}{{Dead link|date=July 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; ''ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱴᱟᱭᱚᱢᱥ'' ᱩᱱᱤ &quot;ᱟᱱᱫᱷᱚᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱮ&quot; ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Bollywood |date=7 September 2018 |title=Paltan movie review: Hindi-Chini why-why? |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/paltan-review-a-lifeless-war-film/story-i2VlP9kbvpp0ue1PBSyCBK_amp.html |access-date=20 September 2018 |website=Hindustan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ 2018 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱭ ᱯᱷᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨᱼᱰᱟᱱᱥ ᱠᱟ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱴᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱵᱷᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ 2019 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱢᱤᱰᱤ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱴᱳᱴᱚᱞ ᱫᱟᱢᱟᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱳ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱪᱷᱟᱹᱲ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱦᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ  ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱡᱟᱠᱟᱛ 200 ᱠᱳᱴᱤ ᱴᱟᱠᱟ (28 ᱠᱳᱴᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱤᱱ ᱰᱚᱞᱟᱨ) ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ 2019 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱵᱚᱞᱤᱭᱩᱰ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title='Total Dhamaal' box office collection Day 12: The Ajay Devgn starrer comedy flick holds well on its second Tuesday |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/box-office/total-dhamaal-box-office-collection-day-12-the-ajay-devgn-starrer-comedy-flick-holds-well-on-its-second-tuesday/articleshow/68283980.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331110615/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/box-office/total-dhamaal-box-office-collection-day-12-the-ajay-devgn-starrer-comedy-flick-holds-well-on-its-second-tuesday/articleshow/68283980.cms |archive-date=31 March 2019 |access-date=23 March 2019 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱩᱯᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱮᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱳᱣᱟᱱ ᱰᱮ ᱡᱮᱥᱴᱤᱥ ᱰᱮᱞᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤᱥᱤᱯᱤ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾   ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱩᱵᱷᱚᱨᱟ ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱚ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ, &quot;ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱨᱰᱩ ᱠᱨᱟᱭᱤᱢ ᱵᱨᱟᱝᱪ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱥᱟ ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱚ ᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ 'ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱵᱩᱫᱤᱥ' ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/one-day-justice-delivered-movie-review-rating-5816181/|title=One Day Justice Delivered movie review: Case dismissed|last=Gupta|first=Shubhra|date=6 July 2019|work=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=6 July 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱟ 2020 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱣᱮᱵᱽ ᱥᱳ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ  ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱴ ᱮᱠᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱟᱛᱮ ᱳᱭᱮᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/goldie-behl-director-rejctx-zee5-original-digital-medium-5930861/|title=Goldie Behl: Web medium has a cinema narrative but timeline is similar to TV|work=The Indian Express|access-date=23 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ 2021 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ''ᱱᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱾'' ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ 2022 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱨᱟᱭᱤᱢ ᱰᱨᱟᱢᱟ ᱳᱭᱮᱵ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱚᱥᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱭᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱵᱤ ᱫᱟᱣᱚᱞ ᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱟᱜ ᱪᱩᱨᱤᱛ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱴᱷ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ''ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱴᱟᱭᱚᱢᱥ'' ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ, &quot;ᱮᱥᱦᱟ ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱳᱱᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱳ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱮᱣᱦᱟᱨᱼᱟ ᱾&quot;  ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢᱛᱮ [[ᱟᱢᱤᱥᱟ ᱯᱟᱴᱮᱞ|ᱟᱢᱤᱥᱟ ᱯᱮᱴᱮᱞ]] ᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮᱱᱟᱜ ''ᱰᱮᱥᱤ ᱢᱮᱡᱤᱠ'' ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Aashram season 3 review: Bobby Deol is the saving grace in this over-the-top 90s film disguised as a web series |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/web-series/aashram-season-3-review-bobby-deol-is-the-saving-grace-in-this-over-the-top-90s-film-disguised-as-a-web-series-101654198778391-amp.html |access-date=20 July 2022 |website=Hindustan Times}}&lt;/ref&gt; ''ᱦᱮᱨᱟ ᱯᱷᱮᱨᱤ 3'' ᱟᱨ ''ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱱᱚᱢᱵᱚᱨ 323'' ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱭᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;EGBF&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Esha Gupta to play the lead in Suniel Shetty and Anurag Kashyap's File No 323 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/esha-gupta-to-play-the-lead-in-anurag-kashyaps-file-no-323-exclusive/articleshow/95555621.cms |access-date=17 November 2022 |website=The Times of India}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ ==
ᱤᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ &quot;ᱵᱤᱪ ᱠᱞᱤᱱᱚᱯ ᱰᱨᱟᱭᱤᱵᱷ&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Mumbai Celebs Join Citizens To Protest Order To Cut Trees In Aarey For Metro |url=https://www.bloombergquint.com/economy-finance/bollywood-celebs-protest-order-to-cut-trees-in-aarey-for-metro |publisher=bloombergquint.com |access-date=2024-02-15 |archive-date=2022-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303173213/https://www.bloombergquint.com/economy-finance/bollywood-celebs-protest-order-to-cut-trees-in-aarey-for-metro |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;  &quot;ᱢᱮᱱᱜᱨᱳᱵᱷ ᱥᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ&quot;,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=100 weeks of Dadar beach cleanup: Esha Gupta participates in cleanliness drive |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/entertainment/bollywood/100-weeks-of-dadar-beach-cleanup-esha-gupta-participates-in-cleanliness-drive20190722014124/ |publisher=aninews.in |access-date=2024-02-15 |archive-date=2023-04-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407043248/https://www.aninews.in/news/entertainment/bollywood/100-weeks-of-dadar-beach-cleanup-esha-gupta-participates-in-cleanliness-drive20190722014124/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ᱵᱤᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱭᱦᱩᱫᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ  ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=twitter.com |url=https://twitter.com/Sea_Legacy/status/1588924739250262020 |access-date=29 November 2023 |website=X (formerly Twitter) |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 September 2019 |title=Protecting nature isn't about a nation: Esha Gupta |url=https://www.thequint.com/news/hot-news/protecting-nature-isn-t-about-a-nation-esha-gupta#read-more |publisher=thequint.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Walk For Mangroves: A Bhamla Foundation Initiative Was Graced By Aditya Thackeray, Esha Gupta, Zorawar Kalra And Malhar Kalambe |url=https://www.mumbailive.com/en/environment/walk-for-mangroves-a-bhamla-foundation-initiative-was-graced-by-aditya-thackeray-esha-gupta-zorawar-kalra-and-malhar-kalambe-37673 |publisher=mumbailive.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ  ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱩᱨᱢᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱱᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 October 2021 |title=Esha Gupta visits surman institute and spends time with kids |url=https://www.bollywoodtadka.in/entertainment/news/esha-gupta-visits-surman-institute-and-spends-time-with-kids-1467555 |publisher=bollywoodtadka.in}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱚᱨᱠ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲᱜᱟᱹᱱ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ 
[[ᱨᱮᱫ:Esha_Gupta_snapped_at_Olive_in_Bandra_(08).jpg|thumb|2017 ᱥᱟᱹᱦᱤᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱟ ᱾]]
ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱟ ᱥᱯᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱩᱭᱮᱞ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱳᱥ ᱜᱩᱭᱟᱞᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱰᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Esha Gupta Opens Up On BF Manuel Campos Guallar: We Knew It Was Long Distance |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/art-entertainment/esha-gupta-opens-up-on-bf-manuel-campos-guallar-we-knew-it-was-long-distance-news-189379 |access-date=31 August 2022 |website=Outlook India}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱟᱱ ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛ ᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ, &quot;ᱥᱟᱭᱼᱥᱤᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱛᱮ ᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮ ᱥᱟᱭᱼᱥᱤᱜᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱩᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20221126201322/https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/lifestyle/eight-vegans-in-bollywood-you-can-take-inspiration-from &quot;Eight vegans in Bollywood you can take inspiration from!&quot;]. nationalheraldindia.com. Retrieved 20 January 2023.&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢᱳᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ ==

=== ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱛᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ===

=== ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱵᱷᱤᱡᱚᱱ ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ 
!ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠᱟ 
!ᱮᱱᱮᱢ 
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |ᱱᱳᱴᱠᱚ 
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |ᱥᱟ,ᱠᱷᱤ
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2012
|''NAT ᱜᱤᱭᱳ ᱥᱩᱯᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱥ''
|ᱦᱳᱥᱴ
|
|
|-
|''ᱥᱤ ᱟᱭ ᱰᱤ'' 
|ᱟᱡᱜᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱜᱮ
|Episode: &quot;ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱮᱭᱟ ᱦᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞᱤ&quot;
|
|-
|2018
|''ᱦᱟᱭ ᱯᱷᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨᱼᱱᱚᱥ ᱠᱟ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱴᱮᱵᱟᱨ''
|ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ
|
|
|-
|}

=== ᱣᱮᱵᱽ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡ ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ 
!ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠᱟ 
!ᱮᱱᱮᱢ 
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |ᱱᱳᱴᱠᱚ 
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |ᱨᱮᱯᱷ 
|-
|2020
|&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;i id=&quot;mwAfs&quot;&gt;REJCTX&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱤ ᱨᱟᱭ
| 2
|
|-
|2021
|''ᱱᱟᱠᱟᱵ'' 
|ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱚᱫᱤᱛᱤ ᱚᱢᱨᱮ 
|
|
|-
|2022
|''ᱚᱥᱚᱨᱚᱢ'' 
|ᱥᱳᱱᱤᱭᱟ 
| 3
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=PeepingMoon Exclusive: Esha Gupta to play Bobby Deol's image-maker in Prakash Jha's Aashram season 2! |url=https://www.peepingmoon.com/exclusive-news/news/58178/PeepingMoon-Exclusive-Esha-Gupta-to-play-Bobby-Deols-image-maker-in-Prakash-Jhas-Aashram-season-.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

=== ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱵᱷᱤᱰᱤᱣᱳ ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ 
!ᱛᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠᱟ 
!ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱜᱚᱞ 
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱤ
|-
|2015
|''ᱢᱮᱭ ᱨᱟᱦᱩᱱ ᱤᱭᱟ ᱱᱟ ᱨᱟᱦᱩᱱ'' 
|ᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱞᱤᱠ
|
|-
|2019
|''ᱜᱟᱹᱛᱤᱞ ᱢᱮ''
|ᱤᱥᱤᱠᱟ ᱵᱚᱠᱠᱷᱤ, ᱜᱳᱨᱚᱵᱷ ᱫᱟᱥ ᱜᱩᱯᱛᱚ
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=8 January 2019 |title=Esha Gupta to Get Dirty |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/life-style/esha-gupta-to-get-dirty/710270.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719131912/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/life-style/esha-gupta-to-get-dirty/710270.html |archive-date=19 July 2019 |access-date=19 July 2019 |website=The Trimbune}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|2021
|''ᱵᱳᱦᱟ''
|ᱥᱨᱤ ᱵᱨᱟ
|&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=5 April 2021 |title=Esha Gupta leaves everyone mesmerized in song 'Booha' with Shree Brar and Mankirat Aulakh. |url=https://www.ptcpunjabi.co.in/esha-gupta-leaves-everyone-mesmerized-in-song-booha-with-shree-brar-and-mankirat-aulakh |access-date=10 July 2021 |website=PTC Punjabi}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|}

== ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ==

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==</text>
      <sha1>c18sm8wyd6fliug1u6g4ov9ngvx3dah</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ᱪᱟᱱᱰᱤᱞ ᱰᱮᱢ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>MT731</username>
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      <text bytes="13195" sha1="6bqicwuq5thc4ahykh0z7j558rg75k4" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox dam
| name = ᱪᱟᱱᱰᱤᱞ ᱰᱮᱢ
| name_official = 
| image = File:Chandil Dam.JPG
| image_size = 
| image_caption = ᱪᱟᱱᱰᱤᱞ ᱰᱮᱢ
| image_alt = 
| location_map = India Jharkhand # India3
| location_map_size = 
| location_map_caption = ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ
| coordinates = {{coord|22.9747|N|86.0203|E|display=inline,title}}
| country = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]]
| location = [[ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟᱹᱭᱠᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱥᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]]
| construction_began = {{start year|1982–1993}}
| status = ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ
| opening = 
| demolished = 
| cost = 
| owner = 
| dam_type = 
| dam_height = {{convert|56.5|m|ft|abbr=on}}.
| dam_height_thalweg = 
| dam_height_foundation = 
| dam_length = {{convert|720.10|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| dam_width_crest = 
| dam_width_base = 
| dam_volume = 
| dam_elevation_crest = 
| dam_crosses = [[ᱥᱚᱵᱚᱨᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]]
| spillway_count = 
| spillway_type = 
| spillway_capacity = 
| res_name = 
| res_capacity_total = {{convert|196300|ha|km2|disp=flip}}
| res_capacity_active = 
| res_capacity_inactive = 
| res_catchment = 
| res_surface = 
| res_elevation = 
| res_max_depth = 
| res_max_length = 
| res_max_width = 
| res_tidal_range = 
| plant_operator = 
| plant_commission = 
| plant_decommission = 
| plant_type = 
| plant_turbines = 
| plant_capacity = 
| plant_annual_gen = 
| website = 
| extra = 
}} 
'''ᱪᱟᱱᱰᱤᱞ ᱰᱮᱢ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱚᱵᱚᱨᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ|ᱥᱚᱵᱚᱨᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ]] ᱢᱟᱞᱴᱤᱯᱟᱨᱯᱷᱮᱥ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱵᱚᱨᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ==
{{OSM Location map   
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|mark-coord2={{coord|22|43|18|N|85|48|22|E}} | label-pos2=left|label2=ᱠᱩᱪᱟᱹᱭ| numbered2=R| mark-title2=[[ᱠᱩᱪᱟᱹᱭ]] (R)    
|mark-coord3={{coord|22|58|1|N|85|58|10|E}} | label-pos3=left|label3= ᱪᱟᱣᱠᱟ| numbered3=R| mark-title3=[[ᱪᱟᱣᱠᱟ, ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟᱹᱭᱠᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱥᱚᱶᱟ]] (R)    
|mark-coord4={{coord|22|38|32|N|86|4|14|E}} | label-pos4=right|label4= ᱜᱚᱵᱤᱸᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ| numbered4=R| mark-title4=[[ᱜᱚᱵᱤᱸᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ, ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟᱹᱭᱠᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱥᱚᱶᱟ]] (R)    
|mark-coord5={{coord|22|37|38|N|86|0|27|E}} | label-pos5=left|label5= ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ| numbered5=R| mark-title5=[[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ, ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟᱹᱭᱠᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱥᱚᱶᱟ]] (R)    
|mark-coord6={{coord|23|7|5|N|85|58|32|E}} | label-pos6=right|label6= ᱠᱩᱠᱲᱩ| numbered6=R| mark-title6=[[ᱠᱩᱠᱲᱩ]] (R)    
|mark-coord7={{coord|22|59|46|N|86|8|44|E}} | label-pos7=top|label7= ᱱᱤᱢᱰᱤᱦ| numbered7=R| mark-title7=[[ᱱᱤᱢᱰᱤᱦ]] (R)    
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|mark-coord10={{coord|22|58|9|N|86|3|52|E}} | label-pos10=bottom|label10= ᱪᱟᱱᱰᱤᱞ | numbered10=CT| mark-title10=[[ᱪᱟᱱᱰᱤᱞ]] (CT) |shape-color10=black| label-size10=13|label-color10=black &lt;!-- make the subject of the article stand out with black colors --&gt;
|mark-coord11={{coord|22|49|22|N|86|5|55|E}} | label-pos11=left|label11= ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱟᱺᱵᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ | numbered11=CT| mark-title11=[[ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱟᱺᱵᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] (CT) |shape-clor11= #A40000 
|mark-coord12={{coord|22|51|0|N|86|3|0|E}} | label-pos12=left|label12= ᱠᱟᱱᱰᱨᱟ | numbered12=CT| mark-title12=[[ᱠᱟᱱᱰᱨᱟ]] (CT) |shape-color12= #A40000 
|mark-coord13={{coord|22|47|29|N|85|49|43|E}} | label-pos13=left|label13= ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱥᱚᱶᱟ | numbered13=CT| mark-title13=[[ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱥᱚᱶᱟ]] (CT) |shape-color13= #A40000 
|mark-coord14={{coord|22|50|16|N|86|11|26|E}} | label-pos14=right|label14= ᱠᱚᱯᱟᱞᱤ | numbered14=CT| mark-title14=[[ᱠᱚᱯᱟᱞᱤ]] (CT) |shape-color14= #A40000 
|mark-coord15={{coord|22|47|40|N|85|56|43|E}} | label-pos15=bottom|label15= ᱥᱤᱱᱤ | numbered15=CT| mark-title15=[[ᱥᱤᱱᱤ, ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] (CT) |shape-color15= #A40000 
|mark-coord16={{coord|22|54|15|N|86|12|15|E}} | label-pos16= top|label16= ᱫᱚᱞᱢᱟ |labela16= ᱵᱤᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ|labelb16= ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱵᱤᱨ | numbered16=T| mark-title16= [[ᱫᱚᱞᱢᱟ ᱵᱤᱨᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱟᱠᱷᱟᱵᱤᱨ]] (T) |shape-color16= #74C365 
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|arc-coordB={{coord|22|26|0|N|86|3|0|E}}|arc-textB= ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ| arc-text-colorB=hard grey| arc-angleB= 0| arc-gapB=2.5| arc-radiusB=0.4}}

===ᱴᱷᱟᱶ===
ᱪᱟᱱᱰᱤᱞ ᱰᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ {{coord|22.9747|N|86.0203|E|display=inline}} ᱨᱮ [[ᱪᱟᱱᱰᱤᱞ]] ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟᱹᱭᱠᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱥᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱪᱟᱱᱰᱤᱞ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

===ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞ===
ᱢᱮᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ &quot;ᱪᱷᱚᱴᱟᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱰᱷᱤᱯᱟᱹ ᱚᱛᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱳᱨᱳ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ&quot; ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱗᱕.᱗% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱔.᱓% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = https://archive.org/download/in.ernet.dli.2015.128750/2015.128750.Bihar-District-Gazetteers-Singhbhum_text.pdf | title = Bihar District Gazetteers - Singhbhum |work= P.C. Roy Chaudhury | publisher = Secretariat Press, Bihar, Patna, 1958| access-date = 2 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/20/2024_PART_A_DCHB_SARAIKELA-KHARSAWAN.pdf  |title = District Census Handbook, Seraikella Kharsawan, Series 21, Part XII A| work= Page 30: 2011 Census Findings–Population and its Distribution |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations Jharkhand | access-date = 2 December 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;small&gt;ᱱᱳᱴ: ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱠᱥᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟᱹ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱠᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱮᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;/small&gt;

==ᱥᱚᱵᱚᱨᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱢᱟᱞᱴᱤᱯᱟᱨᱯᱷᱮᱥ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ==
ᱥᱚᱵᱚᱨᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱢᱟᱞᱴᱤᱯᱟᱨᱯᱷᱮᱥ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ, ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ (ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ), ᱳᱰᱤᱥᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱯᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱥᱛᱟᱵᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ, ᱑᱙᱗᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱦᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱯᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱚᱵᱚᱨᱱᱟᱠᱷᱟ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱱᱰᱤᱞ ᱰᱮᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱞᱩᱰᱤᱦ ᱵᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ, [[ᱠᱷᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱪᱟᱹᱜ ᱰᱮᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱮᱱᱟᱞ ᱱᱮᱴᱣᱟᱨᱠ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;project&quot;&gt; {{cite web | url = https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wrdjharkhand.nic.in%2FSubernarekha.doc%23%3A~%3Atext%3DSubarnarekha%2520Multipurpose%2520Project%2520is%2520a%2520joint%2520project%2520of%2Cas%2520follows%2520%253A-%2520Chandil%2520Dam%2520on%2520River%2520Subarnarekha.&amp;wdOrigin=BROWSELINK  | title =  Subarnarekha Multipurpose Project | publisher = Jharkhand government | access-date = 26 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ==
ᱪᱟᱱᱰᱤᱞ ᱰᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱞᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱗᱒᱐.᱑᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ (᱒,᱓᱖᱒.᱕ ᱯᱷᱤᱴ) (᱓᱐᱐.᱑᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ + ᱔᱐᱐ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱱᱠᱨᱤᱴ) ᱟᱨ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱕᱖.᱕ ᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ (᱑᱘᱕ ᱯᱷᱤᱴ) ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url =  https://ejatlas.org/conflict/subernarekha-multipurpose-project-chandil-dam-jharkhand-india | title = Subarnarekha Multipurpose Project (Chandil Dam) | publisher = [[Environmental Justice Atlas]]  | access-date = 26 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

ᱪᱟᱱᱰᱤᱞ ᱰᱮᱢ ᱡᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱑,᱙᱖᱓ ᱜᱟᱺᱴ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱑᱙᱖,᱓᱐᱐ ᱦᱮᱠᱴᱟᱨ) ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;project&quot;/&gt;

==ᱧᱮᱞᱡᱚᱝ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ==
ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟᱹᱭᱠᱮᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱥᱟᱣᱟᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, &quot;ᱰᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ&quot; ᱾ [[ᱫᱚᱞᱢᱟ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ]] ᱫᱚ ᱰᱮᱢ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ]] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱒ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱑᱔ ᱢᱤᱞ) ᱥᱟᱺᱜᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱣᱡᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱹᱴᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱒,᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱠᱷᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = https://seraikela.nic.in/tourist-place/chandil-dam| title = Seraikela Kharsawan | work = Tourism-Tourist Places-Chandil Dam | publisher = District administration| access-date = 26 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = https://www.incredibleindia.org/content/incredibleindia/en/destinations/jamshedpur/chandil-dam.html | title = Chandil Dam | publisher = Incredible India  | access-date =  26 November 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ== 
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}} 

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱮᱢ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
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    <title>ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱠᱚᱨ</title>
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      <text bytes="14331" sha1="r9tu88iypra3wtdqui85uw3tqayh8qv" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name               = ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱠᱚᱨ
| image              = 
| alt                = 
| caption            = 
| birth_name         =
| birth_date         = 
| birth_place        = [[ᱱᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ]], [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ]], [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]]
| other_names        = 
| nationality        = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ
| occupation         = {{hlist|ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ|ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹ}}
| years_active       = ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ
| website            = 
| known_for          = {{plainlist|
*''[[ᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟ ᱢᱟ ᱯᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ ᱞᱤᱞ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱥ]]''
*''[[ᱛᱤ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱨᱛᱮ]]''
}}
| spouse             = 
| module             = {{infobox musical artist
| embed      = ᱦᱚᱭ
| instrument = ᱨᱟᱦᱟ
| label      = ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱤᱣᱡᱤᱠ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ
| genre      = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ
}}
}}
'''ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱠᱚᱨ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱩᱱᱮ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ]] ᱯᱞᱮᱵᱮᱠ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱮᱡᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱞᱵᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱨᱮᱠᱚᱨᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ [[ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱟᱢᱤᱨᱟᱛ]], ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾

ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ ᱪᱮᱱᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ''ᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟ ᱢᱟ ᱯᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ ᱞᱤᱞ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱥ''&lt;ref name=&quot;ZEE News - Acting debut and background&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/marathi/music/Aarya-Ambekar-to-make-her-debut-in-acting/articleshow/48422755.cms |title=Aarya Ambekar to make her debut in acting |website=[[The Times of India]] |date=10 August 2015 |access-date=8 May 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱱᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ''ᱛᱤ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱭᱟ ᱠᱮ ᱠᱟᱨᱛᱮ'' ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱴ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;ZEE News - Acting debut and background&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/marathi/movies/news/4th-jio-filmfare-awards-marathi-2018-aarya-ambekar-roots-for-herself-at-the-do/articleshow/65983344.cms |title=4th Jio Filmfare Awards Marathi 2018: Aarya Ambekar roots for herself at the do |date=27 September 2018 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ==
ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱢᱤᱨ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱠᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱨᱩᱛᱤ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱠᱚᱨ ᱛᱤᱠᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱥᱨᱩᱛᱤ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱠᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱚᱭᱯᱩᱨ]] ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱥᱱᱚᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱢᱤᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱠᱚᱱᱚᱢᱚᱥᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱪᱞᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱪᱞᱚᱨ, ᱵᱤ.ᱮ. ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱪᱞᱚᱨ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱜᱩᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ, ᱮᱢ.ᱮ. ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱮᱢ.ᱮ. ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱰᱟᱞ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱣᱩᱱᱰ ᱤᱱᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱨᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱴᱤᱯᱷᱤᱠᱮᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱥ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://kalabrand.com/pages/aarya-ambekar |title=Aarya Ambekar Bio |access-date=14 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱚᱱᱚᱝ==
ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱢ ᱵᱩᱰᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱴᱮᱞᱮᱱᱴ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱜᱩᱨᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱥᱨᱩᱛᱤ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱠᱚᱨ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱛᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;lokmat times article&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=&quot;Spotting Talent&quot; – Article on Aarya in Lokmat Times paper |url=http://epaper.lokmat.com/lokmattimes/newsview.aspx?eddate=04/09/2013&amp;pageno=2&amp;edition=113&amp;prntid=&amp;bxid=undefined&amp;pgno=2 |access-date=8 March 2024 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304220210/http://epaper.lokmat.com/lokmattimes/newsview.aspx?eddate=04/09/2013&amp;pageno=2&amp;edition=113&amp;prntid=&amp;bxid=undefined&amp;pgno=2 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱢᱤᱣᱡᱤᱠ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ, ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱜᱟᱢᱟᱯᱟ ᱞᱤᱴᱞ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱱᱞᱤᱥᱴ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

==ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ==

===''ᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱢᱟ ᱯᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ ᱞᱤᱴᱤᱞ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱥ''===
᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱪᱮᱱᱟᱞ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱥᱳ, ''ᱥᱟ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱜᱟᱢᱟ ᱯᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ ᱞᱤᱴᱤᱞ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱥ'' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱚᱰᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱘ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱑᱔ ᱵᱚᱪᱷᱚᱨ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱕᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱑᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱕ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱥᱳ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ &quot;ᱯᱨᱤᱴᱤ ᱭᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱨᱞ&quot; ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾

[[File:Aarya in Sa Re Ga Ma Pa L'il Champs.jpg|thumb|ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ ''ᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟ ᱢᱟ ᱯᱟ ᱞᱤᱞ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱥ'' ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱭᱟ]]

ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱚᱝᱠᱚᱨ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱠᱳᱨᱰ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ &quot;ᱯᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱭᱮ ᱥᱟᱭᱭᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱢᱟᱨᱳ&quot; ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ''ᱣᱟᱨᱱᱟ ᱪᱤ'' (᱒᱐᱐% ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ) ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱨᱤᱠᱚᱨᱰ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ''ᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟ ᱢᱟ ᱯᱟ'' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱙ ᱥᱮᱰᱭᱩᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ''ᱥᱟ ᱜᱟ ᱢᱟ ᱯᱟ'' ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱦᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱮᱯᱤᱥᱚᱰ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱞᱚᱠᱥᱢᱤ ᱭᱮᱭᱟᱨ, ᱥᱨᱟᱭᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱥᱟᱞ, ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱦᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱮᱯᱤᱥᱚᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱟ ᱡᱮᱢᱚᱱ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ, ᱱᱟᱴᱭᱚᱜᱤᱛ, ᱵᱷᱚᱵᱽᱜᱤᱛ, ᱵᱷᱚᱠᱛᱤᱜᱤᱛ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ]] ᱪᱤᱛᱨᱚᱯᱚᱛ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ, ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ, ᱯᱷᱳᱞᱠ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ, ᱞᱚᱵᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/marathi/music/singing-over-acting-says-aarya-ambekar/articleshow/66015348.cms |title=Singing over acting says Aarya Ambekar |date=30 September 2018 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱖ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ &quot;ᱮᱭᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱱ ᱠᱮ ᱞᱳᱜᱳ&quot; ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱯᱩᱞᱤᱥ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱨᱚᱵᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱵᱟᱡᱤ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱖᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ-ᱪᱤᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱞᱚᱛᱟ ᱢᱚᱝᱜᱮᱥᱠᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱠ ᱵᱚᱨᱢᱟ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

===''ᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟ ᱢᱟ ᱯᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ ᱞᱤᱞ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱥ ᱥᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱓''===
ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱱᱞᱤᱥᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱤᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱑᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞᱤᱴᱤ ᱥᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/marathi/rohit-raut-aarya-ambekar-kartiki-gaikwad-mugdha-vaishampayan-and-prathamesh-laghate-to-join-sa-re-ga-ma-pa-lil-champs-jury/articleshow/83599928.cms |title=Rohit Raut, Aarya Ambekar, Kartiki Gaikwad, Mugdha Vaishampayan, and Prathamesh Laghate to join Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Li'l Champs' jury |website=[[The Times of India]] |date=17 June 2021 |access-date=14 July 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ===
[[File:Aarya Ambekar January 2017.jpg|thumb|ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ''ᱛᱤ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱭ ᱠᱟᱨᱛᱮ'' ᱯᱨᱤᱢᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱤᱵᱷᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱠᱚᱨ]]

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
* [https://www.facebook.com/Aaryaambekarofficialpage ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱮᱥᱵᱩᱠ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ]
* [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCOgBAzMJE2zBPs-rKKxixcw ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱭᱩᱴᱭᱩᱵᱽ ᱪᱮᱱᱟᱞ]
* [http://www.saregama.com/portal/pages/artist?mode=get_details_by_name&amp;artistName=AARYA%20AMBEKAR ᱥᱟᱨᱮᱜᱟᱢᱟ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱞ]
* {{IMDb name|᱔᱗᱒᱘᱕᱙᱖}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:ᱟᱢᱵᱮᱠᱚᱨ, ᱟᱨᱭᱟ}}
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ ᱯᱞᱮᱵᱮᱠ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ-ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ]]</text>
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    <title>ᱡᱟᱱᱵᱷᱤ ᱵᱟᱨᱩᱣᱟ</title>
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| name          = ᱡᱟᱱᱵᱷᱤ ᱵᱟᱨᱩᱣᱟ
| image         = 
| alt           = 
| caption       = 
| birth_name    = 
| birth_date    = 
| birth_place   = ᱟᱥᱟᱢ
| death_date    = 
| death_place   = 
| nationality   = 
| other_names   = 
| occupation    = ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ 
| years_active  = 
| known_for     = 
| notable_works = 
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'''ᱡᱟᱱᱵᱷᱤ ᱵᱟᱨᱩᱣᱟ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱟᱥᱟᱢ]] ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20121105143049/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2009/02/21/stories/2009022150180200.htm Into a Closed Terrain], Hindu.com; accessed 6 April 2015.&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20121023204235/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080706/jsp/graphiti/story_9504451.jsp Writing a New Story], telegraphindia.com; accessed 6 April 2015.&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱥᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱩᱭᱦᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱚᱞ 'ᱱᱮᱠᱥᱴ ᱰᱳᱨ' ᱨᱮᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱡᱟᱸᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱾  [[ᱵᱮᱸᱜᱽᱞᱳᱨ]] ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱳᱣᱦᱟᱴᱤ ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱠᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱵᱤ ᱵᱤ ᱮᱥ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;Mary Mathew, Annie Chandy Mathew.[https://books.google.com/books?id=pOYJzN3UM1MC&amp;dq=Jahnavi+Barua%2C+doctor&amp;pg=PA13 Winners: a collection of prize-winning poems and stories (vol 2)], books.google.co.in; accessed 6 April 2015.&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱚ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱱ ᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jahnavi Barua - the girl Next Door |url=https://www.abhijitbhaduri.com/blog/2009/02/20/jahnavi-barua |access-date=2021-09-29 |website=Abhijit Bhaduri |language=en-IN}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱩᱫᱨᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱟᱭᱳ  ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Staff |date=2008-04-24 |title=RS pays homage to former member Sarojini Babar |url=https://www.oneindia.com/2008/04/24/rs-pays-homage-to-former-member-sarojini-babar-1208991883.html |access-date=2021-09-29 |website=www.oneindia.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱚᱞ ==

* ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱫᱳᱨ (ᱯᱮᱝᱜᱩᱭᱤᱱ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ, 2008) 
* ᱨᱩᱭᱤᱨᱛᱷ (ᱯᱮᱝᱜᱩᱭᱤᱱ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ, 2010) 
* ᱚᱱᱴᱟᱨᱴᱟᱣ (ᱯᱮᱝᱜᱩᱭᱤᱱ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ, 2020) 

== ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹ ==

* 2020 JCB Prize for Literature longlist
* 2012 Commonwealth Book Prize ''shortlist''{{Citation needed|date=March 2013}}
* 2011 Man Asian Literary Prize, ''shortlist'', ''Rebirth''{{Citation needed|date=March 2013}}
* 2009 Frank O'Connor International Short Story Award, ''longlist''.{{Citation needed|date=March 2013}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2013)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;
* 2006 Short Fiction contest hosted by Unisun Publishers (Second prize, Children's fiction category).{{Citation needed|date=March 2013}}&lt;sup class=&quot;noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;&amp;#x5B;''[[ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ|&lt;span title=&quot;This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2013)&quot;&gt;citation needed&lt;/span&gt;]]''&amp;#x5D;&lt;/sup&gt;
* 2005 Short Fiction contest hosted by Unisun Publishers{{Citation needed|date=March 2013}}
* Charles Wallace India Trust Scholarship for Creative Writing{{Citation needed|date=March 2013}}

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==</text>
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| name          = ᱨᱟᱫᱷᱟᱜᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ 
| type = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱞ]] ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ
| style = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱞ
| image         = 
| image_size    = 
| image_caption =
| address       = ᱨᱟᱫᱷᱟᱜᱟᱶ, [[ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]]
| country       = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ
| coordinates   = {{coord|23.5975|86.0888|type:railwaystation_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| line          = [[ᱜᱳᱢᱳᱦ–ᱢᱩᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ]]
| other         = ᱚᱴᱳ ᱥᱴᱮᱸᱰ
| elevation     = {{convert|247|m|ft}}
| structure     = ᱥᱴᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨᱰ (ᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ)
| platform      = ᱒
| depth         =
| levels        =
| tracks        = ᱔ (ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱤᱯᱷᱤᱞᱰ ᱵᱤ.ᱡᱤ.)
| parking       = ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ 
| bicycle       = ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ
| opened        =
| closed        =
| rebuilt       =
| electrified   = ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ
| ADA           =
| code            = {{Indian railway code
  | code = RDF&lt;ref name=&quot;Indian railway codes&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Indian railway codes |url=http://www.icf.indianrailways.gov.in/PB/pass/stations.html |publisher=Indian Railways |accessdate=25 August 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;
  | zone = [[ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]]
  | division = {{rwd|ᱟᱫᱽᱨᱟ}}
  }}
| owned         = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱞ]]
| operator      = [[ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]]
| status        = ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ
| former        = 
| passengers    =
| pass_year     =
| pass_percent  =
| pass_system   =
| mpassengers   =
| services      = &lt;!-- Only use S-rail/S-line Templates here, without start or end --&gt;
}}
'''ᱨᱟᱫᱷᱟᱜᱟᱶ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱳᱰ ᱫᱚ RDF ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ|ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ]] ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱫᱷᱟᱜᱟᱶ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱯᱞᱮᱴᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱞᱮᱴᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱪᱟᱹ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url=http://indiarailinfo.com/station/map/radhagaon-rdf/2813| title=RDF/Radhagaon| website=India Rail Info}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Asansol–Gaya_section |url=http://irse.bravehost.com/IRHTML.htm |access-date=2024-04-30 |archive-date=2012-02-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229092028/http://irse.bravehost.com/IRHTML.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ecr.indianrailways.gov.in/  &quot;East Central Railway&quot;]&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱨᱮᱞᱜᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚ==
ᱨᱟᱫᱷᱟᱜᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ:

* ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ–ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱢᱮᱢᱩ
* ᱢᱩᱨᱤ–ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱯᱟᱥᱮᱱᱡᱚᱨ (ᱵᱟᱝ ᱡᱚᱜᱟᱣ)
* ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ–ᱨᱟᱺᱪᱤ ᱯᱟᱥᱮᱱᱡᱚᱨ (ᱵᱟᱝ ᱡᱚᱜᱟᱣ)
* ᱡᱷᱟᱲᱜᱨᱟᱢ–ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱢᱮᱢᱩ
* ᱦᱟᱴᱤᱭᱟ–ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱟᱥᱮᱱᱡᱚᱨ (ᱵᱟᱝ ᱡᱚᱜᱟᱣ)
* ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ–ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱮᱢᱩ

==ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ==
* [[ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ ᱤᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]]
* [[ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]]

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==

{{ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱟᱫᱽᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱚᱠᱟᱨᱚ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱠᱩᱸᱡᱚᱝ ᱪᱳᱰᱮᱱ</title>
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      <text bytes="9671" sha1="raemdfd89axh1dtyftpnqp43enxsxio" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox writer
| name         = ᱠᱩᱸᱡᱚᱝ ᱪᱳᱰᱮᱱ
| image        = Kunzang Choden.jpg
| imagesize    = 150px
| caption      = ᱪᱳᱰᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ&lt;br/&gt; [[ᱣᱟᱥᱤᱝᱴᱚᱱ, ᱰᱤ.ᱥᱤ]]᱾
| pseudonym    = 
| birth_name    = 
| birth_date    = {{birth year and age|1952}}
| birth_place   = ᱛᱟᱝ, ᱵᱚᱢᱛᱚᱝ, ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ
| death_date    = 
| death_place   = 
| occupation   = ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ
| education    = 
| alma_mater   = [[ᱱᱮᱵᱽᱨᱟᱥᱠᱟ-ᱞᱤᱝᱠᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]]
| period       = 
| genre        = 
| subject      = 
| movement     = 
| notableworks = ᱫᱷ ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱟᱞ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱠᱟᱨᱢᱟ (᱒᱐᱐᱕), ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱᱤᱡᱽ ᱴᱮᱞᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱮᱛᱤ (᱑᱙᱙᱗), ᱯᱷᱚᱠᱴᱮᱞᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ (᱑᱙᱙᱔)
| spouse       = 
| partner      = 
| children     = 2 ᱠᱩᱲᱤ, 1 ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ
| relatives    = 
| influences   = 
| influenced   = 
| awards       = 
| signature    = 
| website      = {{URL|1=http://www.zubaanbooks.com/zubaan_author_details.asp?AuthorID=16}} 
| portaldisp   = 
}}

'''ᱠᱩᱸᱡᱚᱝ ᱪᱳᱰᱮᱱ''' (Dzongkha: ཀུན་བཟང་ཆོས་སྒྲོན།; ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑᱙᱕᱒)&lt;ref&gt;Zubaan Books. [http://www.zubaanbooks.com/circleofkarma/ Circle of Karma website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020045539/http://www.zubaanbooks.com/circleofkarma/ |date=2 November 2024 }}.&lt;/ref&gt; ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱚᱞ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

ᱪᱳᱰᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱢᱛᱚᱝ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱭᱳ-ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱴᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;Avijit Ghosh. &quot;[https://web.archive.org/web/20121017072237/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050403/asp/look/story_4562286.asp Coming full circle].&quot; ''The Telegraph''. 3 April 2005.&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱟᱯᱨᱚᱥᱛᱷᱚ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱮᱵᱽᱨᱟᱥᱠᱟ-ᱞᱤᱝᱠᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤ.ᱮ. ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱭᱩᱱᱟᱭᱴᱮᱰ ᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱᱥ ᱰᱮᱵᱽᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱸᱴ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱥᱩᱭᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱛᱷᱤᱢᱯᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.zubaanbooks.com/zubaan_author_details.asp?AuthorID=16 Zubaan Books] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020052006/http://www.zubaanbooks.com/zubaan_author_details.asp?AuthorID=16 |date=2007-10-20 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱩᱵᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱭᱩᱥᱚᱨᱥ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ''ᱫᱟ ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱟᱞ ᱳᱯ ᱠᱟᱨᱢᱟ'' ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱱᱡᱚᱝ ᱪᱳᱰᱮᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱜᱟᱢᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱢᱚᱰᱟᱨᱱᱤᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱙᱕᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news | first=Anna Sujatha | last=Mathai | url=https://www.thehindu.com/mag/2005/07/17/stories/2005071700370500.htm | archive-url=https://archive.today/20151220152133/http://www.thehindu.com/mag/2005/07/17/stories/2005071700370500.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=20 December 2015 | title=Rooted in the soil and earth | newspaper=The Hindu | date=17 July 2005 | accessdate=2 November 2024 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱨᱮ, ᱪᱳᱰᱮᱱ ᱛᱷᱤᱢᱯᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱭᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱠᱥ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱨᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Our own Penguin |url=https://thebhutanese.bt/our-own-penguin/ |access-date=2 November 2024 |website=The Bhutanese |language=en-US}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=About |url=https://www.riyangbooks.com/about |access-date=2 November 2024 |website=Riyang Books |language=en-US |archive-date=20 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120182408/https://www.riyangbooks.com/about/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱵᱷᱤᱰ-᱑᱙ ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱮᱢᱤᱠ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ, ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱰᱮᱪᱮᱱ ᱨᱳᱰᱟᱨ, ᱜᱤᱫᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱠᱳᱨᱰ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱭᱩᱴᱭᱩᱵᱽ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Tell Me A Story: Rediscovering The Lost Art Of Oral Narrations|url=https://www.readersdigest.in/features/story-tell-me-a-story-rediscovering-the-lost-art-of-oral-narrations-125708?fbclid=IwAR3El3y4RDcraTl5m6wn88wKjwa_46TQDOJ2t4Dptn0aiO0BFuysiBKEKgs|last=|first=|date=|website=|access-date=2 November 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱠᱩᱸᱡᱟᱝ ᱪᱳᱰᱮᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱚᱜᱷᱤᱭᱮᱱ ᱪᱳᱞᱤᱝ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱨ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨᱮᱰ ᱥᱤᱵᱤᱞ ᱥᱳᱥᱟᱭᱴᱤ ᱚᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ, [http://www.oling.bt ᱳᱜᱷᱤᱭᱮᱱ ᱪᱳᱞᱤᱝ ᱯᱷᱚᱸᱰᱮᱥᱚᱱ] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱨ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱚᱜᱷᱤᱭᱮᱱ ᱪᱳᱞᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱫᱽᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱧᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱚᱥᱴᱷᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱜᱮᱥᱴ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱜᱷᱤᱭᱮᱱ ᱪᱳᱞᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱧᱮᱧᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱜᱷᱤᱭᱮᱱ ᱪᱳᱞᱤᱝ ᱯᱷᱚᱸᱰᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱪᱟᱞ ᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱤᱱᱰᱮᱠᱮᱨ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨ, ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱮᱸᱰᱠᱨᱟᱯᱥ ᱯᱨᱳᱢᱳᱥᱚᱱ ᱾

==ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚ==
* ''ᱯᱷᱳᱞᱴᱮᱞ ᱳᱯ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ'' (1994) {{ISBN|974-8495-96-5}}
* ''ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱᱤᱥ ᱴᱮᱞ ᱳᱯ ᱫᱟ ᱭᱮᱴᱤ'' (1997) {{ISBN|1-879155-83-4}}
* ''ᱫᱮᱣᱟ: ᱫᱟ ᱥᱴᱚᱨᱤ ᱳᱯ ᱥᱴᱮᱨᱮ ᱰᱳᱜᱽ ᱳᱯ ᱫᱟ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ'' (2004) {{ISBN|99936-644-0-5}}
* ''[[ᱫᱟ ᱥᱟᱞᱠᱟᱞ ᱳᱯ ᱠᱟᱨᱢᱟ]]'' (2005) {{ISBN|81-86706-79-8}}
* '' ᱪᱤᱞᱤ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱪᱤᱡᱽ- ᱯᱩᱰ ᱮᱱᱫ ᱥᱳᱥᱟᱭᱴᱤ ᱤᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ'' (2008) {{ISBN|978-974-480-118-0}}
* '' ᱴᱮᱞᱥ ᱳᱯ ᱠᱟᱞᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱟᱫᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱳᱨᱤᱥ'' (2009) {{ISBN|978-81-89884-62-8}}
*''ᱢᱮᱢᱵᱟᱨ ᱴᱳᱥ - ᱫᱟ ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱤᱝ ᱞᱮᱠ'' (2012) {{ISBN|9993689912|}}

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

== ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱷᱩᱴᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱕᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱢᱟᱢ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
      <sha1>raemdfd89axh1dtyftpnqp43enxsxio</sha1>
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| name        = ᱚᱵᱤᱛᱷᱟ
| image       = Abitha-1.jpg
| imagesize   = 
| caption     = 
| birth_name  = ᱡᱮᱱᱤᱞᱟ
| birth_date  = 
| birth_place = 
| death_date  = 
| death_place = 
| othername   = 
| spouse      = ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱞ
| children    = 2
| website     = 
| known_for   = 
| occupation  = ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ 
}}
'''ᱚᱵᱤᱛᱷᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱠᱨᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱛᱩ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱚᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟ. ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱓ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱱ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱡᱤᱵᱽ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱨᱩᱢᱟᱛᱤ ᱥᱤᱞᱵᱷᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱪᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱐ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱫᱩᱢᱵᱚᱢ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱛᱷᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱟᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱫᱩᱢᱵᱚᱢ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱛᱷᱩᱜᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱤᱨᱩᱢᱚᱛᱤ ᱥᱮᱞᱵᱟᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.metromasti.com/kollywood/news/Sun-TV-Sun-Kudumbam-Awards-2012-Sun-Kudumbam-Awards-Jan-6-2013/23704 |title=Sun Kudumbam Viruthugal 2012 Winner List |website=metromasti.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨ==
ᱛᱤᱨᱩᱵᱚᱴᱴᱤᱭᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱝᱜᱚᱵᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱱᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱵᱤᱛᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱭᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱴᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱯᱚᱲ ᱮᱫᱟ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱭᱮᱞ ᱠᱨᱤᱢᱤᱱᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱨᱚᱭᱤᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱴᱤᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.hindu.com/2006/11/23/stories/2006112317840200.htm |location=Chennai, India |work=The Hindu |title=I was thrilled when 'Sethu' was a big hit |date=23 November 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱳᱵᱽ-ᱵᱟᱡᱮᱴ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱜᱳᱞᱢᱟᱞ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ B-Grade ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱫᱮᱵᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱭᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ. ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱵᱟᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱠᱨᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱮᱛᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱤᱨᱛᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱰᱰᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱥᱨᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱸᱠ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱡᱮᱱᱤᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱵᱤᱛᱷᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱫ-ᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱱ ᱪᱤᱛᱟ. ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱵᱚᱨᱵᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ-ᱛᱮ-ᱢᱚᱦᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱮᱱᱱᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ ᱦᱳᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱐᱐ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱨᱤᱛᱤᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱨᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱛᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱪᱚᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢᱯᱷᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ ᱮᱠᱥᱯᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱚᱠᱟᱨᱮ ᱟᱵᱤᱛᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱵᱨᱟᱦᱢᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟ. ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱛᱷᱩ ᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱚᱵᱤᱛᱷᱟ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱱᱱᱟᱢᱚᱞᱟᱭ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱤ.ᱡᱤ. (PG) ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;redwin&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=Warrier, Shobha |date=17 August 2004 |title=Vikram's obsession gets its reward |publisher=[[Rediff]] |accessdate=31 July 2011 |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2004/aug/17vikram.htm}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱩᱣᱟ.ᱲᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱩᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱨᱮᱜᱮᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/arts/cinema/article439435.ece |location=Chennai, India |work=The Hindu |title=Grill Mill - Abitha |date=27 May 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱵᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱞᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱴᱮᱨᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱟᱢᱚᱨᱟᱡᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱤᱥᱟᱠ ᱦᱩᱥᱮᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱯᱩᱵᱷᱤ ᱯᱮᱱ ᱯᱩᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱮᱯᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱟᱥᱚᱛᱪᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱡᱩᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱜ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱟᱥ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱯᱤᱨᱟᱱᱛᱷᱟ ᱱᱟᱞ, ᱚᱵᱷᱤᱱᱮᱭ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱥᱢᱤᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱨᱟᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱫᱷᱟᱵᱮᱞ ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱩᱛᱷᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱩᱱᱟᱱᱤᱫᱷᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱠᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱱᱟᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱞᱞᱚᱠᱟᱫᱟᱛᱷᱚᱞ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/14007.html |access-date=5 February 2025 |archive-date=18 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170218064338/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/14007.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/10549.html |access-date=5 February 2025 |archive-date=18 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170218065517/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/10549.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱭᱩᱥᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱞᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱭᱩᱥᱚᱨᱥ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱵᱟᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱞ ᱥᱟᱶ Unarchigal ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.cinesouth.com/masala/hotnews/new/02122005-5.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051205004946/http://www.cinesouth.com/masala/hotnews/new/02122005-5.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-date=5 December 2005 |title=டோடோவின் ரஃப் நோட்டு — Tamil Kavithai - தமிழ் கவிதைகள் - நூற்று கணக்கில்! |publisher=Cinesouth.com |accessdate=17 August 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

᱒᱐᱑᱐ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱰᱩᱢᱵᱟᱢ ᱟᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱯᱟᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱵᱤᱛᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱱ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱟᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱚᱝᱜᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱟ. ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ।&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-05-11/news-interviews/28186478_1_wedding-bells-sethu-small-screen |work=The Times of India |title=Wedding bells for Abitha |date=11 May 2009 |access-date=12 April 2012 |archive-date=7 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207064819/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-05-11/news-interviews/28186478_1_wedding-bells-sethu-small-screen |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

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      <text bytes="12196" sha1="2m4fr4wlm22ocymwqunfhyn5ft61qkd" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name               = ᱥᱳᱱᱟᱞ ᱪᱚᱣᱦᱟᱱ
| image              = Sonal Chauhan snapped at PVR in Juhu (cropped).jpg
| caption            = ᱥᱳᱱᱟᱞ ᱪᱚᱣᱦᱟᱱ
| birth_date         = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1985|5|16}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Jagaran&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title='जन्नत' फेम सोनल चौहान अब 'पलटन' के लिए तैयार, इन तस्वीरों में देखें उनका स्टाइल |url=https://www.jagran.com/entertainment/bollywood-sonal-chauhan-birthday-special-and-interesting-facts-jannat-girls-in-news-for-paltan-17959990.html |access-date=6 March 2019 |work=[[Dainik Jagaran]] |date=17 May 2018 |language=hi |archive-date=7 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190307054031/https://www.jagran.com/entertainment/bollywood-sonal-chauhan-birthday-special-and-interesting-facts-jannat-girls-in-news-for-paltan-17959990.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; or &lt;br/&gt;{{Birth date and age|df=y|1987|5|16}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |title=रेस्टोरेंट में खुली थी सोनल चौहान की किस्मत, माल्या के बेटे से लेकर सलमान के भाई को कर चुकी हैं डेट |url=https://www.amarujala.com/photo-gallery/entertainment/bollywood/happy-birthday-sonal-chauhan-these-facts-about-that-you-definitely-did-not-know |access-date=6 March 2019 |work=[[Amar Ujala]] |date=16 May 2018 |language=hi |archive-date=6 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306235035/https://www.amarujala.com/photo-gallery/entertainment/bollywood/happy-birthday-sonal-chauhan-these-facts-about-that-you-definitely-did-not-know |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| birth_place        = [[ᱵᱩᱸᱞᱟᱫᱽᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ]] or [[ᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟ, ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱟᱫᱮᱥ]],&lt;ref name=&quot;Jagaran&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Salim |first1=Lubna |title=Sonal Chauhan confesses her biggest fashion faux pas: plastic bra straps |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/brunch/sonal-chauhan-confesses-her-biggest-fashion-faux-pas-plastic-bra-straps/story-yaSwplscpSJcA9rnXUBipJ.html |access-date=6 March 2019 |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=25 August 2018 |archive-date=7 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190307173752/https://www.hindustantimes.com/brunch/sonal-chauhan-confesses-her-biggest-fashion-faux-pas-plastic-bra-straps/story-yaSwplscpSJcA9rnXUBipJ.html |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;  ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ 
| alma_mater         = [[ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]]
| years active       = 2005–ᱱᱤᱛ
| occupation         = {{Hlist|ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ|ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ|singer}}
| title              = Femina Miss India World Tourism 2005&lt;br/&gt;''Miss World Tourism 2005''
| website            = 
}}

'''ᱥᱳᱱᱟᱞ ᱪᱚᱣᱦᱟᱱ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑᱖ ᱢᱮ ᱑᱙᱘᱕/᱑᱙᱘᱗) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ, ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱜᱟᱵᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟ. ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Sonal-Chauhan-to-do-an-Urmila-in-Balayyas-next/articleshow/49982887.cms |title=Sonal Chauhan to do an Urmila in Balayya's next |website=The Times of India |access-date=20 December 2019 |archive-date=21 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190921092558/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Sonal-Chauhan-to-do-an-Urmila-in-Balayyas-next/articleshow/49982887.cms |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ. ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱮᱢᱤᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱣᱟᱨᱞᱰ ᱴᱩᱨᱤᱡᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱟᱭᱴᱚᱞ ᱮ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾

᱒᱐᱐᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱡᱚᱱᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱟᱭᱱᱵᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟᱭ ।&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last1=Jha |first1=Sumit |title=Doing intimate scenes with Emraan is easier: Sonal Chauhan |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Doing-intimate-scenes-with-Emraan-is-easier-Sonal-Chauhan/articleshow/19879827.cms?intenttarget=no |access-date=1 November 2020 |work=The Times of India |language=en |archive-date=26 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211126010527/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Doing-intimate-scenes-with-Emraan-is-easier-Sonal-Chauhan/articleshow/19879827.cms?intenttarget=no |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱪᱚᱣᱦᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱠᱚᱱᱱᱚᱰᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱪᱮᱞᱩᱵᱷᱮᱭᱮ ᱱᱤᱱᱮ ᱱᱳᱰᱟᱞᱩ (᱒᱐᱑᱐) ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱢᱤᱞ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱤᱱᱡᱤ ᱤᱰᱩᱯᱯᱟᱡᱷᱟᱜᱤ (᱒᱐᱑᱕) ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ. ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱤᱡᱮᱱᱰ (᱒᱐᱑᱔), ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱟᱜᱟ ᱪᱮᱥᱠᱳ (᱒᱐᱑᱕), ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽ ᱡᱮᱨᱳ (᱒᱐᱑᱕) ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱠᱴᱮᱴᱚᱨ (᱒᱐᱑᱖) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ।

==ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ==
ᱪᱚᱣᱦᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱛ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=21 August 2014 |title=When Sonal Chauhan felt like Rajput princess |url=https://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/glamtalk/when-sonal-chauhan-felt-like-rajput-princess_160480.html |access-date=3 August 2020 |work=Zee News |archive-date=28 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181228180242/http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/glamtalk/when-sonal-chauhan-felt-like-rajput-princess_160480.html |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱳᱭᱮᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱯᱚᱵᱞᱤᱠ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ [[ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱚᱥᱚᱯᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;toi&quot;&gt;{{cite news |title=Sonal Chauhan interview |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Sonal-Chauhans-not-so-quiet-Delhi-visit-/articleshow/5110083.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120606143815/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-10-11/news-interviews/28096029_1_sonal-chauhan-delhi-dps |url-status=live |archive-date=6 June 2012 |access-date=14 May 2011 |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=11 October 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨ==
===ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞᱤᱝ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ===
ᱢᱤᱨᱤ, ᱥᱟᱨᱟᱣᱟᱠ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ, [[ᱢᱟᱞᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱣᱟᱨᱞᱰ ᱴᱩᱨᱤᱡᱚᱢ ᱒᱐᱐᱕ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Dias |first=Raul |date=26 July 2005 |title=She's all that! |url=http://www1.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1183228.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=23 May 2008 |archive-date=31 May 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080531032612/http://www1.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/1183228.cms |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱥ ᱣᱟᱨᱞᱰ ᱴᱩᱨᱤᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱢᱮᱴ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ-ᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Dias |first=Raul |date=27 July 2005 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Indian-girl-is-Miss-World-Tourism/articleshow/1183971.cms |title=Indian girl is Miss World Tourism |work=The Times of India |access-date=21 June 2019 |archive-date=19 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119202952/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Indian-girl-is-Miss-World-Tourism/articleshow/1183971.cms |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ FHM ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱳᱵᱚᱨᱯᱮᱡ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=16 May 2019 |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment/news/people/photo-gallery/brace-yourself-jannat-actress-sonal-chauhan-might-steal-your-heart-with-her-super-stylish-snaps/419965 |title=Sonal Chauhan birthday: Brace yourself, the Jannat actress might steal your heart with her super stylish snaps |work=Time Now |access-date=21 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220204172552/https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment/news/people/photo-gallery/brace-yourself-jannat-actress-sonal-chauhan-might-steal-your-heart-with-her-super-stylish-snaps/419965 |archive-date=4 February 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===ᱮᱠᱴᱤᱝ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ===
[[File:Sonal Chauhan at 3G movie shoot (3).jpg|thumb|ᱪᱟᱣᱦᱟᱱ [[᱓ᱡᱤ (ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ)|&quot;᱓ᱡᱤ&quot;]] ᱥᱩᱴ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ]]
ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱢᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱥᱚᱢᱢᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱯ ᱠᱟ ᱥᱩᱨᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱫ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱢᱨᱟᱱ ᱦᱟᱥᱢᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱵᱷᱚᱴ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱟ.ᱵᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ।&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Bhatts are known for making films in which female characters play important roles |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2008/apr/07sld5.htm |publisher=Rediff |date=April 2008 |access-date=16 June 2013 |archive-date=26 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140226181831/http://www.rediff.com/movies/2008/apr/07sld5.htm |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱓.ᱡᱤ. ᱨᱮ &quot;ᱠᱟᱭᱥᱮ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱣᱩᱱ&quot; ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱮ.ᱠᱮ. ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱩᱞᱟᱹᱲ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://vcrave.com/kaise-bataaoon-3g/ Kaise Bataaoon song by Sonal Chauhan, K.K.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904110130/http://vcrave.com/kaise-bataaoon-3g/ |date=4 September 2019 }}. vcrave.com&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚᱢᱩᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱞᱚᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱞᱮᱡᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱴᱳᱞᱤᱣᱩᱰ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱨᱩᱣᱟ.ᱲ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱟᱜᱟ ᱪᱮᱥᱠᱳ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ: ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽ ᱡᱮᱨᱳ ᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨ ᱱᱚᱱᱫᱚᱢᱩᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱞᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Sonal-Chauhan-to-replace-Vanya-Mishra-in-Kalyanrams-Sher/articleshow/47001540.cms &quot;Sonal Chauhan to replace Vanya Mishra in Kalyanram's Sher&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150428151934/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/Sonal-Chauhan-to-replace-Vanya-Mishra-in-Kalyanrams-Sher/articleshow/47001540.cms |date=28 April 2015 }}. ''The Times of India''. (21 April 2015). Retrieved 9 September 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;

᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱛᱮᱞᱩᱜᱩ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ, ᱰᱤᱠᱴᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}
==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{Wikiquote|Sonal Chauhan}}{{Commons category}}
* {{IMDb name|id=2978161|name=Sonal Chauhan}}
* {{Twitter}}
* {{Instagram|sonalchauhan|Sonal Chauhan}}</text>
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| name         = ᱠᱤᱨᱚᱱ ᱡᱩᱱᱡᱟ
| image        = File:Kiran Juneja at Engagement ceremony of Arjun Hitkari with Gayatri(1) (cropped).jpg
| caption      =
| birth_name    = 
| birth_date    = {{Birth date and age|1964|02|10|df=yes}}
| birth_place     = [[ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]], ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ
| othername    = 
| yearsactive  = 1984–ᱱᱤᱛ
| spouse       = {{marriage|[[ᱨᱟᱢᱮᱥ ᱥᱤᱯᱯᱤ]]|1991}}
| relatives    = [[G. P. Sippy]] (father-in-law)
| website     = 
| occupation   = ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ 
}}
'''ᱠᱤᱨᱚᱱ ᱡᱩᱱᱡᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟ. ᱟᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ।

==ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ==
ᱨᱟᱢᱮᱥ ᱥᱤᱯᱯᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Ramesh Sippy-Kiran mark 20 yrs of marriage - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Ramesh-Sippy-Kiran-mark-20-yrs-of-marriage/articleshow/7379201.cms|access-date=2020-06-29|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=14 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714182547/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Ramesh-Sippy-Kiran-mark-20-yrs-of-marriage/articleshow/7379201.cms|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱩᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱵᱟᱜᱽ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱟᱠᱛᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2004/05/10/stories/2004051000600300.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040713043425/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2004/05/10/stories/2004051000600300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 July 2004 |title=Old flame |date=10 May 2004 |work=[[The Hindu]] |location=Chennai, India }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨ==
᱑᱙᱘᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ-ᱤᱴᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱸ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱱᱮᱡ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ । ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱥᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱤᱝ ᱜᱟᱥᱴᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱠᱷᱚᱨ ᱥᱩᱢᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱣᱚᱦ ᱡᱚᱱᱟᱵᱽ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ । ᱑᱙᱙᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱮ ᱡᱳ ᱦᱟᱭ ᱡᱤᱝᱜᱤ, ᱠᱤᱥᱢᱚᱛ, ᱡᱩᱱᱩᱱ, ᱥᱤᱫᱷᱤ, ᱵᱚᱨᱥᱟᱛ, ᱵᱚᱸᱡᱟᱨᱟ ᱜᱮᱥᱴ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥ, ᱢᱟᱣᱩᱥ ᱯᱷᱩᱞ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱥᱠᱟᱭ, ᱣᱚᱠᱛ ᱠᱤ ᱨᱟᱯᱷᱛᱟᱨ, ᱥᱣᱟᱵᱷᱤᱢᱟᱱ, ᱜᱟᱛᱷᱟ, ᱯᱟᱞᱪᱤᱱ, ᱛᱮᱨᱮ ᱜᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱱᱮ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱨᱟᱡᱩ ᱠᱷᱮᱨ, ᱠᱚᱢᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨ, ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱᱮᱞ, ᱛᱮᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱱᱮ, ᱥᱩᱨᱟᱡᱽ, ᱠᱩᱪ ᱞᱚᱵᱽ ᱠᱩᱪ ᱢᱟᱥᱴᱤ, ᱠᱳᱭ ᱫᱤᱞ ᱢᱮ ᱦᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱩᱨ ᱛᱮᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ‍᱾

ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱨᱣᱟᱞᱤ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Buniyaad-made-me-what-I-am-says-Kiran-Juneja-Sippy/articleshow/21974853.cms|title=Buniyaad made me what I am: Kiran Juneja Sippy - Times of India|website=The Times of India|access-date=10 May 2020|archive-date=4 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171004135833/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Buniyaad-made-me-what-I-am-says-Kiran-Juneja-Sippy/articleshow/21974853.cms|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}
==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{Commons category}}
* {{IMDb name|id=1185265}}
*[http://www.hamaraphotos.com/kiran_juneja_2507.html Kiran Juneja's Photo Gallery]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20111109074935/http://www.chakpak.com/celebrity/kiran-juneja/13257 Kiran Juneja]</text>
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    <title>ᱡᱮᱱᱤᱯᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ</title>
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      <text bytes="7924" sha1="j75u4qhm31znwkhwiqrw6wkty3oapax" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name               = ᱡᱮᱱᱤᱯᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ
| image              = Jennifer Kendal Kapoor.jpg
| caption            = Kendal in the film ''[[Junoon (1978 film)|Junoon]]'' (1978)
| birth_name         = ᱡᱮᱱᱤᱯᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ
| birth_date         = {{Birth date|df=y|1934|02|28}}
| birth_place        =  ᱤᱝᱞᱮᱸᱰ
| death_date         = {{Death date and age|df=y|1984|09|7|1934|02|27}}
| death_place        = [[ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ]], ᱤᱝᱞᱮᱸᱰ
| occupation         = Actress
| spouse             = {{marriage|[[ᱥᱟᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ]]|1958}}
| parents            = 
| children           = 
}}
'''ᱡᱮᱱᱤᱯᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ''' (᱒᱘ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱓᱔ – ᱗ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱘᱔ )&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f12e269 |title=Jennifer Kendal |website=[[British Film Institute]] |access-date=28 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213163253/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f12e269 |archive-date=13 December 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱤᱛᱷᱵᱤ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱖ ᱪᱚᱣᱨᱤᱝᱜᱤ ᱞᱮᱱ (᱑᱙᱘᱑) ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱤᱰᱤᱝ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱯᱷᱴᱟ ᱟᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱳᱢᱤᱱᱮᱴ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ ᱴᱚᱠᱤ (᱑᱙᱗᱐), ᱡᱩᱱᱩᱱ (᱑᱙᱗᱘), ᱦᱤᱴ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱰᱟᱥᱴ (᱑᱙᱘᱓), ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱭᱨᱮ (᱑᱙᱘᱔) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ==
ᱡᱮᱱᱤᱯᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱣᱛᱷᱯᱳᱨᱴ, ᱤᱝᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱢᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱯᱷᱮᱞᱤᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱚᱯᱷᱨᱤ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱳᱨᱟ ᱞᱤᱰᱮᱞ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ, &quot;ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱯᱤᱭᱟᱨᱟᱱᱟ&quot; ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ, ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱯᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱣᱟᱞᱟᱦ (᱑᱙᱖᱕) ᱨᱮ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱨᱮᱰᱤᱴ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ, ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url = https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/blink/cover/the-wandering-players/article8505050.ece/amp/| title = The wandering players}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ==
ᱥᱟᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱙᱕᱖ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱧᱟᱯᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱤᱛᱷᱵᱤ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱯᱤᱭᱟᱨᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱟ ᱴᱮᱢᱯᱮᱥᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱱᱰᱟ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jennifer Biography |url=http://www.junglee.org.in/jennifer.html |access-date=2025-02-12 |archive-date=2013-03-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130325081345/http://www.junglee.org.in/jennifer.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ, ᱥᱟᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱯᱤᱭᱟᱨᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱴᱩᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱩᱠᱤᱱ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱕᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱤᱛᱷᱵᱤ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱡᱩᱣᱮᱱᱮᱥᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱑᱙᱗᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱦᱩ ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱰᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱾&lt;ref name=ben&gt;{{cite news |title=Prithvi, pioneer in theatre |url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2003/11/07/stories/2003110701340600.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040101014620/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2003/11/07/stories/2003110701340600.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 January 2004 |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=7 November 2003}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱪᱮᱱᱴ ᱟᱭᱵᱷᱳᱨᱤ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱟᱠᱥᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱭᱩᱥ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱥᱴᱟᱨᱤᱝ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ ᱴᱚᱠᱤ (᱑᱙᱗᱐) ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱪᱮᱱᱴ ᱟᱭᱵᱷᱳᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱭᱩᱥ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ==
ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ: ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ, ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱡᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ; ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾&lt;ref name=n18&gt;[http://www.news18.com/photogallery/movies/in-pics-meet-shashi-kapoors-family-992937-10.html Meet the Kapoors], [[Network 18]].&lt;/ref&gt;

᱑᱙᱘᱒ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ ᱠᱳᱞᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱱᱥᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱑᱙᱘᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}
==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20171213163253/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f12e269 Jennifer Kendal] at the [[British Film Institute]]
* {{IMDb name|id=0447557|name=Jennifer Kendal}}
* [http://www.junglee.org.in/jennifer.html Biography from The Kapoor Family website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130325081345/http://www.junglee.org.in/jennifer.html |date=2013-03-25 }}
*''[https://web.archive.org/web/20120204152652/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050218/asp/etc/story_4371945.asp She didn’t really look at me: Shashi Kapoor recounts his and Jennifer Kendal’s first, and lasting, meeting in Calcutta to Deepa Gahlot]'' – [[The Telegraph (Kolkata)|The Telegraph]]</text>
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      <text bytes="7920" sha1="ijvqcedh32zqtonj54zgh0ke8d49fqy" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name               = ᱡᱮᱱᱤᱯᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ
| image              = Jennifer Kendal Kapoor.jpg
| caption            = Kendal in the film ''[[Junoon (1978 film)|Junoon]]'' (1978)
| birth_name         = ᱡᱮᱱᱤᱯᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ
| birth_date         = {{Birth date|df=y|1934|02|28}}
| birth_place        =  ᱤᱝᱞᱮᱸᱰ
| death_date         = {{Death date and age|df=y|1984|09|7|1934|02|27}}
| death_place        = [[ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ]], ᱤᱝᱞᱮᱸᱰ
| occupation         = Actress
| spouse             = {{marriage|[[ᱥᱟᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ]]|1958}}
| parents            = 
| children           = 
}}
'''ᱡᱮᱱᱤᱯᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ''' (᱒᱘ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱓᱔ – ᱗ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱘᱔ )&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f12e269 |title=Jennifer Kendal |website=[[British Film Institute]] |access-date=28 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213163253/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f12e269 |archive-date=13 December 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱤᱛᱷᱵᱤ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱖ ᱪᱚᱣᱨᱤᱝᱜᱤ ᱞᱮᱱ (᱑᱙᱘᱑) ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱤᱰᱤᱝ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱯᱷᱴᱟ ᱟᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱳᱢᱤᱱᱮᱴ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ ᱴᱚᱠᱤ (᱑᱙᱗᱐), ᱡᱩᱱᱩᱱ (᱑᱙᱗᱘), ᱦᱤᱴ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱰᱟᱥᱴ (᱑᱙᱘᱓), ᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱭᱨᱮ (᱑᱙᱘᱔) ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ==
ᱡᱮᱱᱤᱯᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱣᱛᱷᱯᱳᱨᱴ, ᱤᱝᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱢᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱯᱷᱮᱞᱤᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱚᱯᱷᱨᱤ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱳᱨᱟ ᱞᱤᱰᱮᱞ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ, &quot;ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱯᱤᱭᱟᱨᱟᱱᱟ&quot; ᱠᱚ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱩᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ, ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱯᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱣᱟᱞᱟᱦ (᱑᱙᱖᱕) ᱨᱮ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱨᱮᱰᱤᱴ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ, ᱟᱡ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url = https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/blink/cover/the-wandering-players/article8505050.ece/| title = The wandering players}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ==
ᱥᱟᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱙᱕᱖ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱧᱟᱯᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱤᱛᱷᱵᱤ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱯᱤᱭᱟᱨᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱟ ᱴᱮᱢᱯᱮᱥᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱱᱰᱟ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Jennifer Biography |url=http://www.junglee.org.in/jennifer.html |access-date=2025-02-12 |archive-date=2013-03-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130325081345/http://www.junglee.org.in/jennifer.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ, ᱥᱟᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱮᱠᱥᱯᱤᱭᱟᱨᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱴᱩᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱩᱠᱤᱱ ᱡᱩᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱕᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱤᱛᱷᱵᱤ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱡᱩᱣᱮᱱᱮᱥᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱩᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱑᱙᱗᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱦᱩ ᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱰᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱾&lt;ref name=ben&gt;{{cite news |title=Prithvi, pioneer in theatre |url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2003/11/07/stories/2003110701340600.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040101014620/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2003/11/07/stories/2003110701340600.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 January 2004 |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=7 November 2003}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱵᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱪᱮᱱᱴ ᱟᱭᱵᱷᱳᱨᱤ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱟᱠᱥᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱭᱩᱥ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱥᱴᱟᱨᱤᱝ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ ᱴᱚᱠᱤ (᱑᱙᱗᱐) ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱪᱮᱱᱴ ᱟᱭᱵᱷᱳᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱭᱩᱥ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ==
ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ: ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱱᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ, ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱡᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ; ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾&lt;ref name=n18&gt;[http://www.news18.com/photogallery/movies/in-pics-meet-shashi-kapoors-family-992937-10.html Meet the Kapoors], [[Network 18]].&lt;/ref&gt;

᱑᱙᱘᱒ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱟᱨᱢᱤᱱᱟᱞ ᱠᱳᱞᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱱᱥᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱑᱙᱘᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱮᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}
==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20171213163253/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b9f12e269 Jennifer Kendal] at the [[British Film Institute]]
* {{IMDb name|id=0447557|name=Jennifer Kendal}}
* [http://www.junglee.org.in/jennifer.html Biography from The Kapoor Family website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130325081345/http://www.junglee.org.in/jennifer.html |date=2013-03-25 }}
*''[https://web.archive.org/web/20120204152652/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050218/asp/etc/story_4371945.asp She didn’t really look at me: Shashi Kapoor recounts his and Jennifer Kendal’s first, and lasting, meeting in Calcutta to Deepa Gahlot]'' – [[The Telegraph (Kolkata)|The Telegraph]]</text>
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| name               = ᱢᱤᱱᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤ
| image              = Meena Kumari in Pakeezah.jpg
| image_size         = 220px
| caption            = ᱢᱤᱱᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤ
| birth_name         = Mahjabeen Bano
| birth_date         = {{birth date|df=y|1933|08|01}}
| birth_place        = [[ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ]], [[ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱤᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤ]], [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ [[ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ]], [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ]], ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ)
| death_date         = {{death date and age|df=y|1972|03|31|1933|08|01}}
| death_place        = ᱵᱚᱢᱵᱮ, ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ 
| burial_place       = Rahmatabad cemetery, ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ 
| occupation         = {{flatlist|
* ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ 
* ᱚᱱᱚᱲᱦᱮᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ
* ᱥᱤᱝᱜᱟᱨ
* ᱠᱟᱥᱴᱤᱭᱩᱢ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱱᱟᱨ}}
| years active       = 1939–1972
| works              =
| nickname           = ''Tragedy Queen''
| signature          = Meena Kumari Autograph.jpg
| image_upright      = 1
| spouse             = {{marriage|[[ᱠᱟᱢᱟᱞ ᱟᱦᱨᱚᱦᱤ]]|1952|1964|reason={{abbr|sep.|separated}}}}
| relatives          =
| module             = 
| module2            =
}}

'''ᱢᱤᱱᱟ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤ'''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=31 July 2020 |title=Homage — Meena Kumari |url=https://filmcriticscircle.com/journal/meena-kumari/ |access-date=26 October 2020 |website=Journal of Indian Cinema |language=en-GB |archive-date=28 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028021036/https://filmcriticscircle.com/journal/meena-kumari/ |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱡᱟᱵᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱱᱚ; ᱑ ᱟᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱑᱙᱓᱓&lt;ref name=&quot;Room2010&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=Adrian Room |title=Dictionary of Pseudonyms: 13,000 Assumed Names and Their Origins |page=269 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eSIhzKnNUf4C&amp;pg=PA269 |access-date=22 April 2012 |date=26 July 2010 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-0-7864-4373-4 |contribution=Meena Kumari |archive-date=12 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012054005/https://books.google.com/books?id=eSIhzKnNUf4C&amp;pg=PA269 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; – ᱓᱑ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱙᱗᱒) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮᱸ ᱚᱞᱤᱡ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Chinese Doll&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Meena Kumari birth {{as written|annive|rary [sic]}}: She is inspiration for all! |website=Free Press Journal |url=http://www.freepressjournal.in/entertainment/meena-kumari-birth-anniverary-she-is-inspiration-for-all/1113632 |access-date=3 October 2018 |archive-date=3 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181003181703/http://www.freepressjournal.in/entertainment/meena-kumari-birth-anniverary-she-is-inspiration-for-all/1113632 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱫᱟ ᱴᱨᱟᱡᱮᱰᱤ ᱠᱩᱭᱤᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱱᱮᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Readers' Pick: Top 10 Bollywood Actresses OF ALL TIME! |url=https://m.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-reader-s-pick-top-ten-actresses-in-bollywood-of-all-time-100-years/20130503.htm |access-date=2024-09-25 |website=Rediff |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱓᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ, ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱙᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Cineplot.com 2017&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Meena Kumari – Interview (1952) |website=Cineplot.com |date=19 July 2017 |url=http://cineplot.com/meena-kumari-interview-1952/ |access-date=29 July 2017 |archive-date=16 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716081953/http://cineplot.com/meena-kumari-interview-1952 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱥᱴ ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱜᱚᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱕᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱭᱡᱩ ᱵᱟᱣᱨᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱰᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱥᱴ ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱟᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣᱤᱡ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱣᱟᱨᱰ (᱑᱙᱕᱕) ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱤᱱᱤᱛᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱤᱠᱩᱭᱮᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱣᱟᱨᱰ (᱑᱙᱖᱓) ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱵᱮᱥᱴ ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱳᱢᱤᱱᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱵ ᱵᱤᱵᱤ ᱟᱣᱨ ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱨᱯᱷᱳᱨᱢᱮᱱᱥ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000245/1963 |title=Filmfare Awards (1963) |publisher=[[IMDb]] |access-date=12 October 2020 |archive-date=1 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101023017/http://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000245/1963 |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱑᱓ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱯᱷᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱣᱟᱨᱰ (᱑᱙᱖᱖) ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱵᱮᱥᱴ ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱟᱣᱟᱨᱰ ᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱠᱨᱤᱴᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱵ ᱵᱤᱵᱤ ᱟᱣᱨ ᱜᱩᱞᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱪᱟᱨᱟᱠᱴᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱠᱥᱮᱥᱯᱷᱩᱞ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ - ᱫᱳ ᱵᱤᱜᱷᱟ ᱡᱟᱢᱤᱱ (᱑᱙᱕᱓), ᱫᱤᱞ ᱟᱯᱱᱟ ᱟᱣᱨ ᱯᱨᱤᱛ ᱯᱟᱨᱟᱭᱤ (᱑᱙᱖᱐), ᱟᱟᱨᱛᱤ (᱑᱙᱖᱒), ᱢᱮᱱ ᱪᱩᱯ ᱨᱟᱦᱩᱝᱜᱤ (᱑᱙᱖᱒), ᱫᱤᱞ ᱮᱠ ᱢᱟᱱᱫᱤᱨ (᱑᱙᱖᱓), ᱯᱷᱩᱞ ᱟᱣᱨ ᱯᱟᱛᱷᱟᱨ (᱑᱙᱖᱖) ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱨᱮ ᱟᱯᱱᱮ (᱑᱙᱗᱑)᱾

᱑᱙᱖᱐ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱞᱠᱳᱦᱚᱞ ᱮ ᱧᱩ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱯᱷᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱞᱮᱵᱮᱠ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱨᱴᱤᱥᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱮᱧ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱚᱬᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱞᱵᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱭᱤ ᱨᱟᱭᱤᱴ, ᱟᱭᱤ ᱨᱤᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ (᱑᱙᱗᱑)᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱡᱟᱦ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱥᱴᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱓᱑ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱙᱗᱒ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱓᱘ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱨᱳᱥᱤᱥ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱭᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱮᱞᱠᱳᱦᱳᱞᱤᱡᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref name= &quot;Khaleej&quot;&gt;{{cite news |url=http://www.khaleejtimes.com/wknd/bollywood/remembering-the-tragedy-queen-meena-kumari |title=Remembering the Tragedy Queen Meena Kumari |last=Mohamed |first=Khalid |date=25 March 2016 |website=[[Khaleej Times]] |access-date=12 October 2020 |archive-date=18 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018123244/https://www.khaleejtimes.com/wknd/bollywood/remembering-the-tragedy-queen-meena-kumari |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}
==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
* {{IMDb name}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121201012010/http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/southasia/Culture/Cinema/MeenaK.html Meena Kumari] at Manas: Culture of India
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      <text bytes="3938" sha1="dt4n4hjpv8dkg1rwock8u1awpf0qtcb" xml:space="preserve">'''ᱢᱟᱦᱤᱢᱟ ᱪᱚᱣᱫᱷᱩᱨᱤ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱖ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱙᱙) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱰ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱞᱥᱤ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱴᱩᱨᱱᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱚᱭᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱤᱯᱷᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱟ᱾

==ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ==

ᱢᱟᱦᱤᱢᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱥᱚᱵᱼᱡᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱱ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱮᱢᱯ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱦᱚᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱟᱞᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱟᱡ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱠᱷᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱱᱤᱯᱟᱛ, ᱦᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾

==ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨ==

᱒᱐᱑᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱷᱚᱛᱤᱥᱜᱚᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱕ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱡᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱪᱟᱢᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱᱥᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱯᱨᱮᱡᱮᱱᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱯ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱟᱞᱩᱨᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱮᱢᱯ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱖᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱥᱚᱢᱵᱷᱟᱵᱤᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮ ᱒᱐᱒᱒ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱔ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱕ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱞᱚᱥᱟᱱ, ᱥᱣᱤᱴᱡᱟᱨᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱮᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱮᱪ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱕ ᱮᱥ ᱴᱩᱨᱱᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱴᱤᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱯᱼᱠᱟᱯᱴᱟᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱷᱟᱭᱞᱮᱱᱰ ᱗–᱒ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱕ ᱮᱥ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱱᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱛᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱜᱳᱞ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱠᱤ ᱕ ᱮᱥ ᱣᱟᱨᱞᱰ ᱠᱟᱯ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱣᱟᱞᱤᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱝ ᱴᱩᱨᱱᱟᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾
==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}
==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
*[https://www.hockeyindia.org/players/mahima-choudhary-profile-1626 Mahima Choudhary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250221190220/https://www.hockeyindia.org/players/mahima-choudhary-profile-1626 |date=2025-02-21 }} at [[Hockey India]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱚᱱᱟᱦᱤᱛᱟ ᱩᱵᱮᱨᱳᱭ</title>
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      <text bytes="4122" sha1="lh8h3ux5n9h9ayu3zcgil2oilo6zxe8" xml:space="preserve">'''ᱚᱱᱟᱦᱤᱛᱟ ᱩᱵᱮᱨᱳᱭ''' (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱖ ᱟᱜᱚᱥᱴ ᱑᱙᱖᱗) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱷᱤᱭᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱤᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ᱾ ᱩᱵᱮᱨᱳᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱤᱪᱷᱩ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾

==ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ==

ᱩᱵᱮᱨᱳᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱡᱚᱭᱟ ᱢᱮᱦᱛᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱨᱳᱠᱷ ᱢᱮᱦᱛᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱛᱮᱥᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱩᱵᱮᱨᱳᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱒ ᱵᱚᱪᱷᱚᱨ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱮᱸᱜᱟᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱨᱩᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱵᱮᱨᱳᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱟ ᱠᱮᱛᱷᱮᱰᱨᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱳᱦᱟᱱ ᱠᱳᱱᱳᱱ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱩᱢᱵᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱸᱴ ᱡᱮᱵᱷᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱚᱱᱚᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱭᱳᱨᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱵᱟᱨᱜᱽᱦᱳᱯ ᱥᱴᱩᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱨᱳᱰᱣᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ᱾&lt;ref name=today&gt;{{cite web | title = Future faces from the world of dance and theatre in India: Quiet Fire |work= India Today | url = http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/future-faces-from-the-world-of-dance-and-theatre-in-india/1/254701.html |author=Stephen David|date=6 December 1999| accessdate = 2014-10-27 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.verveonline.com/73/people/anahita.shtml Powerhouse Performer]. Verve. Meher Marfatya. 5 May 2009.&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨ==

ᱚᱱᱟᱦᱤᱛᱟ ᱩᱵᱮᱨᱳᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱯᱟᱨᱴ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ, ᱜᱳᱣᱤᱝ ᱥᱳᱞᱳ, ᱜᱞᱟᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱡᱮᱨᱤ, ᱥᱤᱥᱠᱮᱯ ᱣᱤᱛᱷ ᱥᱟᱨᱠᱥ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱟᱨᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱯᱷ ᱣᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱣᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱦᱳᱨᱥᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱜᱟᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.indiatoday.in/story/anahita-uberoi-infuses-vitality-into-english-theatre/1/264792.html Anahita Uberoi infuses vitality into English theatre]{{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. [[India Today]]. Farah Baria, 24 August 1998.&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱵᱮᱨᱳᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱞᱳᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱢᱩᱡᱤᱭᱳ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱳ ᱰᱟᱣᱞᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱱᱴ ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱥᱳᱱ ᱨᱳᱵᱟᱨᱰᱥ, ᱮᱞᱤ ᱣᱟᱞᱟᱪ, ᱨᱳᱵᱟᱨᱴ ᱥᱚᱱ, ᱞᱤᱭᱳᱱᱟᱨᱰ, ᱡᱩᱰ ᱦᱤᱨᱥᱪ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱨᱤ ᱥᱴᱤᱱᱵᱟᱨᱜᱮᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;[http://ragetheatre.co.in/content/anahita-uberoi Anahita Uberoi at Rage Theaters] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303224700/http://ragetheatre.co.in/content/anahita-uberoi |date=3 March 2016 }}. Rage Theaters. Retrieved 23 October 2014.&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱤᱴ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱡᱤᱥᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱤᱭᱟᱝᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}
==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
*{{IMDb name|id=0643349}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ]]</text>
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    <title>ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱯᱷᱚᱡᱚᱞ</title>
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{{Infobox officeholder
|name        = ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱯᱷᱚᱡᱚᱞ
|image       = Mohammad Fazal (cropped).jpg
|office      = [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱠᱚ|ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ]]
|1blankname    = ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ
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* [[ᱥᱩᱱᱤᱞ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱮ]]
* [[ᱵᱷᱤᱞᱟᱥᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱮᱥᱢᱩᱠᱷ]]
|term_start    = ᱑᱐ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱒
|term_end      = ᱕ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱔
|predecessor   = [[ᱯᱤ. ᱥᱤ. ᱟᱞᱮᱠᱡᱮᱱᱰᱟᱨ]]
|successor     = [[ᱥᱤ. ᱮᱢ. ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟ|ᱥᱤᱮᱢ ᱠᱨᱤᱥᱱᱟ]]
}} 

'''ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱯᱷᱚᱡᱚᱞ''' (᱒ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱒᱒ - ᱔ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱔) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱐ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱒ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱕ ᱱᱚᱵᱷᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱔ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱟᱞ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱡᱟᱢᱤᱱᱫᱟᱨᱤ (ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ) ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱞᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱮᱠᱚᱱᱚᱢᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱗᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥᱴᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱰᱮᱵᱽᱞᱚᱯᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱥᱮᱠᱨᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱯᱨᱤᱞ ᱑᱙᱘᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱤᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱢᱵᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱭᱩᱡᱽ ᱮᱸᱰ ᱦᱤᱭᱩᱡᱽ ᱠᱮᱢ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱮᱛ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱙᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱳᱣᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱯᱟᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚᱯᱟᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ [[ᱥᱩᱥᱤᱞᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱮ]] ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱯᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱱᱩᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱟ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱤᱵᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱩᱱᱤ ᱭᱤᱡ ᱜᱚᱲᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱞᱤ ᱯᱷᱚᱡᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ''᱓ ᱤᱰᱤᱭᱚᱴᱥ'' ᱟᱨ ''ᱵᱷᱤᱠᱴᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱵᱽᱫᱩᱞ'' ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱚᱞᱚᱱ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱴ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾

ᱯᱷᱚᱡᱚᱞ ᱔ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱦᱤᱞᱚᱜ ᱙᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱵᱚᱨᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚ ᱵᱞᱚᱰ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱟᱨ, ᱠᱚᱲᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱴᱱᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱦᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱥᱟᱝᱜᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/exgoa-maharashtra-governor-mohammed-fazal-dead/article6378633.ece|title=Ex-Goa, Maharashtra Governor Mohammed Fazal dead|publisher=The Hindu|date=4 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120509232729/http://www.cflr.org/legal.htm &quot;''Green signal to red light''&quot;] - article in [[Bombay Times]] about the governor's views
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20041013020012/http://rajbhavan.maharashtra.gov.in/biodata_he_brief.htm Biodata at website of Raj Bhavan]

{{DEFAULTSORT:ᱯᱷᱚᱡᱚᱞ, ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ}}
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱒᱒ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱞᱚᱱᱰᱚᱱ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱠᱟᱱᱟᱢᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱟᱞᱟᱦᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱨᱚᱭᱟᱜᱽᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱜᱳᱣᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>192959</id>
      <parentid>187901</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-19T23:51:36Z</timestamp>
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{{Infobox ethnic group
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| regions           = [[ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ]]
| langs             = [[ᱜᱩᱡᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱜᱩᱡᱟᱨᱤ]] • [[ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ|ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱᱤ]] • [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴᱤ]] • [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱤ]] • [[ᱠᱟᱥᱢᱤᱨᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱠᱟᱥᱢᱤᱨᱤ]] • [[ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ]] • [[ᱩᱨᱫᱩ]] • [[ᱯᱟᱥᱛᱳ]]  • [[ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱᱵᱷᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱᱵᱷᱤ]] • [[ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱷᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱤᱱᱫᱷᱤ]] • [[ᱵᱟᱞᱳᱪᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱟᱞᱳᱪᱤ]] • [[ᱯᱟᱦᱟᱲᱤ-ᱯᱳᱛᱷᱣᱟᱨᱤ|ᱯᱟᱦᱟᱲᱤ]] • [[ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱴᱷᱤ]]
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| related_groups    = [[ᱡᱟᱴ]] • [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱛ]] • [[ᱟᱦᱤᱨ]] ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ [[ᱤᱱᱰᱳ-ᱟᱨᱡᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ|ᱤᱱᱰᱳ-ᱟᱨᱡᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]]
}}
'''ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ''' (ᱥᱮ '''ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱡᱚᱨ''', '''ᱜᱩᱡᱚᱨ''', '''ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟ'''&lt;ref name=&quot;Mayaram 2017&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Mayaram |first=Shail |chapter=The Story of the Gujars |editor=Vijaya Ramaswamy |title=Migrations in Medieval and Early Colonial India |chapter-url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=DzcrDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA67](https://books.google.com/books?id=DzcrDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA67) |date=2017 |publisher=Taylor &amp; Francis |isbn=978-1-351-55825-9 |pages=67 |quote=The heterogeneous ᱛᱷᱚᱠ that is variously called gujar/Gujjar/Gurjara. }}&lt;/ref&gt;) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱪᱟᱥᱵᱟᱥ]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Zelin |first=Madeleine |url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=BHNECgAAQBAJ](https://books.google.com/books?id=BHNECgAAQBAJ) |title=Merchant Communities in Asia, 1600–1980 |date=2015-10-06 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-31789-0 |pages=148 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]], [[ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱯᱷᱜᱟᱱᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ,&lt;ref name=&quot;Rahi&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |editor-last=Rahi |editor-first=Javaid |year=2012 |title=The GUJJARS - A Book Series on History and Culture of Gujjar Tribe |volume=1 |url=[https://www.academia.edu/41978043](https://www.academia.edu/41978043) }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Rahi&quot; /&gt; ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱥᱵᱟᱥ, [[ᱜᱩᱯᱤ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=3 Mar 2022 |title=Welfare measures of nomadic Gujjar and Bakarwal tribes to be taken |work=The Tribune |url=[https://m.tribuneindia.com/news/j-k/bjp-sets-its-eyes-on-gujjar-bakarwal-tribes-in-jammu-and-kashmir-374770](https://m.tribuneindia.com/news/j-k/bjp-sets-its-eyes-on-gujjar-bakarwal-tribes-in-jammu-and-kashmir-374770) |access-date=3 March 2022 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=18 Feb 2022 |title=As seen from the eyes of nomadic tribes |publisher=The Indian Express |url=[https://indianexpress.com/article/india/political-pulse/jammu-kashmir-delimitation-gujjars-bakarwals-7779985/lite/](https://indianexpress.com/article/india/political-pulse/jammu-kashmir-delimitation-gujjars-bakarwals-7779985/lite/) |access-date=18 Feb 2022 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |title=Finding identity: Nomadic Gujjar tribes |date=29 Jul 2021 |publisher=Independent |url=[https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/photography/kashmir-s-nomadic-tribes-of-gujjar-and-bakarwal-finding-identity-among-the-unidentified-b1892822.html](https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/photography/kashmir-s-nomadic-tribes-of-gujjar-and-bakarwal-finding-identity-among-the-unidentified-b1892822.html) |access-date=29 Jul 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ-ᱢᱤᱥᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |url=[https://www.academia.edu/43050675](https://www.academia.edu/43050675) |editor-last=Rahi |editor-first=Javaid |year=2016 |title=The GUJJARS - A Book Series on History and Culture of Gujjar Tribe |journal=The Gujjars -Vol: 06- ed Javaid Rahi |volume=6 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ: ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Mayaram 2017&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Agnihotri |first1=V. K. “The Gujjars are pastoral and nomadic. They wander throughout the year in search of grazing pastures for their cattle which mostly consists of buffaloes and cows. Gujjars are Hindus as well as Muslims though the bulk of them are Muslims. Muslim Gujjar is a nomad and therefore, has no settled home in any part of Himachal Pradesh. Today Hindu Gujjars mostly lead a settled life.” |url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=dyPsvseSdiQC&amp;dq=nomad+gujjar&amp;pg=PA14](https://books.google.com/books?id=dyPsvseSdiQC&amp;dq=nomad+gujjar&amp;pg=PA14) |title=Socio-economic Profile of Rural India: North-central &amp; western India (Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Gujarat, Maharashtra) |last2=Vora |first2=Rajendra |date=2002 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |isbn=978-81-8069-206-2 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ [[ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ]] (᱕᱗᱐ CE ᱥᱩᱨ) ᱨᱮ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ [[ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟᱫᱮᱥ|ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |author=Baij Nath Puri |date=1957 |title=The History Of The Gurjara Pratiharas |url=[https://archive.org/details/thehistoryofthegurjarapratiharasbaijnathpuri_300_m/mode/2up](https://archive.org/details/thehistoryofthegurjarapratiharasbaijnathpuri_300_m/mode/2up) |via=Internet Archive}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱢᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟᱛᱨᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱯᱢᱚᱦᱟᱫᱤᱯ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{harvnb|Chattopadhyaya|1994|p=6}} &quot;we have noted that Gurjaratra or Gurjarabhumi was the base from which several lineages tracing descent from the Gurjaras emerged&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

᱑᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱮᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱩᱞᱟᱹᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱜᱩᱡᱚᱨ ᱥᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱩᱜᱷᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱢᱨᱟᱡᱽ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱞᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ 'ᱦᱩᱞᱜᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ' (turbulent) ᱦᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾

ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ]] ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ''ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟᱫᱮᱥ'' ᱟᱨ ''ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟᱛᱨᱚ'' ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱᱤ [[ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ, ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ|ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱱᱣᱟᱞᱟ]] ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱘ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾{{sfn|Baij Nath Puri|1957|p=12}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author=Buddha Prakash |title=Aspects of Indian History and Civilization |url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=lKg5AQAAIAAJ](https://books.google.com/books?id=lKg5AQAAIAAJ) |year=1965 |publisher=Shiva Lal Agarwala |page=157 |isbn=9780842616812 }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱚᱦᱟᱨᱚᱱᱯᱩᱨ]] ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱜᱚᱲ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱤᱱᱫᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Puri1975&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=Baij Nath Puri |title=The History of the Gurjara-Pratihāras |url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=orAJAQAAIAAJ](https://books.google.com/books?id=orAJAQAAIAAJ) |year=1975 |publisher=Oriental Publishers &amp; Distributors |pages=14–17 |isbn=978-81-215-0003-6 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱱᱟᱦᱩᱱᱟᱹᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱟᱨᱤ]] ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ [[ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ]] ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟᱭᱟ, ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ [[ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ]]:&lt;ref name=&quot;nps&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=[http://www.nps.edu/programs/ccs/Nuristan.html](http://www.nps.edu/programs/ccs/Nuristan.html) |title=Nuristan |work=Program for Culture &amp; Conflict Studies |publisher=Naval Postgraduate School |date=October 2009 |access-date=4 November 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;{{sfn|Singh|2012|pp=[[https://books.google.com/books?id=oscmJoix2IAC&amp;pg=PA51](https://books.google.com/books?id=oscmJoix2IAC&amp;pg=PA51) 48 &amp; 51]}} ᱢᱤᱫ ᱑᱙᱘᱘ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱱᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱩᱯᱢᱚᱦᱟᱫᱤᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ, ᱕᱓% ᱫᱚ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟᱭᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱔᱖.᱘% ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱐.᱒% ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱠᱷ]] ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;Sukhbir Singh, &quot;[[https://apgin.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Vol-10_1988.pdf](https://apgin.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Vol-10_1988.pdf){{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Distributional Pattern of the Major Agricultural Communities (Ahirs, Gujars, Jats and Rajputs) in Their Traditional Abode of the North-Western Indian Subcontinent]&quot;, ''Population Geography'', Vol. 10, Nos. 1 and 2, June–December 1988, pp. 1–17, table 2 on p. 6. [[https://web.archive.org/web/20240815183749/https://apgin.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Vol-10_1988.pdf&amp;#93;(https://web.archive.org/web/20240815183749/https://apgin.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/Vol-10_1988.pdf) Archived] 23 June 2025.&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ [[ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ]], [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ]], [[ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ]], [[ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱭᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]], [[ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ ᱴᱟᱹᱺᱰᱤ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ]] ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ [[ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ, ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ|ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ]] ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱞᱟᱦᱳᱨ]] ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱱᱣᱟᱞᱟ]], [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ, ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ|ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ]], [[ᱜᱩᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱷᱮᱞᱟᱢ]]; ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱤᱢᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱢᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱥᱢᱤᱨ (ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ)|ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱢᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱥᱢᱤᱨ]], [[ᱦᱤᱢᱟᱪᱚᱞ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]], ᱟᱨ ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨᱟᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱣᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱢᱟᱣᱩᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ; ᱟᱨ [[ᱟᱯᱷᱜᱟᱱᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮ᱾

== ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ==
''ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱡᱚᱨ'' ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ, ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱯᱷᱜᱟᱱᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ''[[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ]]'', ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱳᱠᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ|''jati'']], ''zaat'', ''qaum'' ᱥᱮ [[ᱵᱟᱨᱟᱫᱟᱨᱤ|''biradari'']] ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Raheja1988&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author=Gloria Goodwin Raheja|url=[https://archive.org/details/poisoningiftritu0000rahe](https://archive.org/details/poisoningiftritu0000rahe)|url-access=registration|title=The Poison in the Gift: Ritual, Prestation, and the Dominant Caste in a North Indian Village|date=15 September 1988|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-70729-7|pages=[[https://archive.org/details/poisoningiftritu0000rahe/page/n16](https://archive.org/details/poisoningiftritu0000rahe/page/n16) 01]–03|quote=This regional dominance and the kingship (rajya) exercised by Gurjar chiefs still figure prominently in oral traditions current among Saharanpur Gurjars and in the depiction of their identity as Ksatriya &quot;kings&quot; in printed histories of the Gujar Jati.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Asghar2016&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author=Muhammad Asghar|url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=utd7DQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA10](https://books.google.com/books?id=utd7DQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA10)|title=The Sacred and the Secular: Aesthetics in Domestic Spaces of Pakistan/Punjab|publisher=LIT Verlag Münster|year=2016|isbn=978-3-643-90836-0|page=10|quote=The main grouping is the biradari, which is a very old established norm of people identifying themselves... A larger and also ancient form of grouping is the caste (qaum). The three main ones are Jaats (farmers), Arains (who traditionally were gardeners) and Gujjars (people who tend livestock and sell milk).}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ 'ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟ' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ''[[ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱯᱚᱫᱽ]]'' (ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ) ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱮᱱᱟ᱾{{sfn|Chattopadhyaya|1994|p=6}} ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ''ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨᱟ'' ᱥᱮ ''ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟᱨᱟᱡᱟ'' ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱚᱸᱫᱮᱦ ᱮ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Sharma |first=Sanjay |date=2006 |title=Negotiating Identity and Status |journal=Studies in History |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=181–220 |doi=10.1177/025764300602200202 |s2cid=144128358 |issn=0257-6430}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Sharma |first=Shanta Rani |date=2012 |title=Exploding the Myth of the Gūjara Identity of the Imperial Pratihāras |journal=Indian Historical Review |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=1–10 |doi=10.1177/0376983612449525 |s2cid=145175448 |issn=0376-9836}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ==

=== ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ===
ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱛᱷᱨᱳᱯᱳᱞᱳᱡᱤᱥᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱑ [[Common Era|CE]] ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ, ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱯᱲᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ-ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ (ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ) ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱥᱩᱞ-ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾&lt;ref name=Singh2012p44&gt;{{harvnb|Singh|2012|pp=[[https://books.google.com/books?id=oscmJoix2IAC&amp;pg=PA44](https://books.google.com/books?id=oscmJoix2IAC&amp;pg=PA44) 44–]}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Aydogdy Kurbanov]] ᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ, ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ-ᱯᱟᱪᱷᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ, [[Alchon Huns|Hephthalites]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱮᱥᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱛ]] ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=[http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/diss/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/FUDISS_derivate_000000007165/01_Text.pdf](http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/diss/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/FUDISS_derivate_000000007165/01_Text.pdf) |title=The Hephthalites: Archaeological and Historical Analysis |last=Kurbanov |first=Aydogdy |page=243 |year=2010 |access-date=11 January 2013 |quote=As a result of the merging of the Hephthalites and the Gujars with population from northwestern India, the Rajputs (from Sanskrit &quot;rajputra&quot; – &quot;son of the rajah&quot;) formed. }}{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱛᱭᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱟᱱᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Mayaram |first=Shail |chapter=The Story of the Gujars |editor=Vijaya Ramaswamy |title=Migrations in Medieval and Early Colonial India |chapter-url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=DzcrDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA67](https://books.google.com/books?id=DzcrDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA67) |date=2017 |publisher=Taylor &amp; Francis |isbn=978-1-351-55825-9 |pages=67}}&lt;/ref&gt;

B. D. Chattopadhyaya ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱗ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ [[ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾{{sfn|Chattopadhyaya|1994|p=64|ps=. &quot;documents dating from seventh century suggest a wide distribution of Gurjararas as a political power in western India&quot;}} ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, Tanuja Kothiyal ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ &quot;ᱱᱤᱨᱚᱠᱷᱚᱨ&quot; ᱜᱩᱯᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ [[ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟ-ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤᱦᱟᱨ]] ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱛ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱛ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱨᱟᱦᱢᱚᱱ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱛᱨᱤᱭᱚ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Kothiyal |first=Tanuja |url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=be-7CwAAQBAJ&amp;q=tanuja+kothiyal+book](https://books.google.com/books?id=be-7CwAAQBAJ&amp;q=tanuja+kothiyal+book) |title=Nomadic Narratives: A History of Mobility and Identity in the Great Indian Desert |date=14 March 2016 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-107-08031-7 |pages=249–250 |language=en |quote=The cultural image of the Gujar is of an ignorant herder though the historical claims of Gujar past also associate them with Gurjara-Pratiharas, with long migrations through Thar. However, as the Devnarayan epic reveals, any Rajput link that the Gujars may claim, comes from multi-caste marriages that are contracted in the course of the epic rather than any other claim to descent from the older kshatriya clan. The original ancestor of the Gujars is a Rajput, who marries a Brahmin woman.}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱞᱴᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ: ᱡᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱯᱩᱛ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ, [[ᱡᱟᱴ]], [[ᱨᱟᱭᱠᱟ]] ᱮᱢᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Kothiyal |first=Tanuja |url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=be-7CwAAQBAJ&amp;q=tanuja+kothiyal+book](https://books.google.com/books?id=be-7CwAAQBAJ&amp;q=tanuja+kothiyal+book) |title=Nomadic Narratives: A History of Mobility and Identity in the Great Indian Desert |date=14 March 2016 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-107-08031-7 |pages=265 |language=en |quote=from gradual transformation of mobile pastoral and tribal groups into landed sedentary ones. The process of settlement involved both control over mobile resources through raids, battles and trade as well as channelizing of these resources into agrarian expansion. Kinship structures as well as marital and martial alliances were instrumental in this transformation. ... In the colonial ethnographic accounts rather than referring to Rajputs as having emerged from other communities, Bhils, Mers, Minas, Gujars, Jats, Raikas, all lay a claim to a Rajput past from where they claim to have 'fallen'. Historical processes, however, suggest just the opposite.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

''ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟ'' ᱟᱹᱲᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ''[[ᱦᱚᱨᱥᱚᱪᱚᱨᱤᱛᱟ]]'' ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱖᱓᱐ CE ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ''[[ᱦᱚᱨᱥᱚ]]ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱱ'' ᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Puri |first=Baij Nath |author-link=Baij Nath Puri |title=The History of the Gurjara-Pratiharas |publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal |location=Delhi |year=1986 |page=9}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱚᱱᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ [[ᱵᱟᱬᱚᱵᱷᱚᱴᱴᱚ]], ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱡᱮ ᱦᱚᱨᱥᱚ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ [[ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱠᱚᱨᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱱ]] (᱕᱖᱐-᱕᱘᱐ CE) ᱫᱚ &quot;ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱹᱯᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱚᱛᱚᱨ&quot; ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ—ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ᱾

[[ᱵᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽ ᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱯᱩᱨᱤ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ [[ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱢᱟᱶᱩᱱᱴ ᱟᱵᱩ]] ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=Gurjars of Jammu and Kashmir|author=Kulbhushan Warikoo|author2=Sujit Som|publisher=Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya|quote=Dr. B. N. Puri who wrote a thesis Gurjar Pratihar at oxford university states that the Gurjars were local people}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱩᱠᱩ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱟᱵᱩ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱖ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱢᱩᱜᱷᱚᱞ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱫᱚ ''ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟᱛᱨᱚ'' (ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ) ᱥᱮ ''ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟᱵᱷᱩᱢᱤ'' (ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ) ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=The History and Culture of the Indian People: The classical age|author=Ramesh Chandra Majumdar|author2=Achut Dattatrya Pusalker |author3=A. K. Majumdar |author4=Dilip Kumar Ghose |author5=Vishvanath Govind Dighe |author6=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan |publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan|year=1977|page=153}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[ᱥᱚᱸᱥᱠᱨᱤᱛ]] ᱚᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱡᱷᱚᱠᱷᱟᱜ &quot;ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱟᱥᱟᱣᱤᱡ&quot; ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ: ''gur'' ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ &quot;ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱨᱤ&quot; ᱟᱨ ''ujjar'' ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱛ &quot;ᱱᱟᱥᱟᱣᱤᱡ&quot;)᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last1=Warikoo |first1=Kulbhushan |last2=Som |first2=Sujit |title=Gurjars of Jammu and Kashmir |url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=zxtuAAAAMAAJ](https://books.google.com/books?id=zxtuAAAAMAAJ) |publisher=Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya |page=4 |quote=&quot;Gurjar&quot; is a Sanskrit word which has been explained thus: Gur+Ujjar;'Gur' means 'enemy' and 'ujjar' means 'destroyer'. The word means &quot;Destroyer of the enemy&quot;. |date=2000}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |title=Gurjara aura Unakā Itihāsa meṃ Yogadāna Vishaya para Prathama …, Volume 2 |first=Bhāratīya Gurjara |last=Parishada |year=1993 |url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=9kwIAAAAIAAJ](https://books.google.com/books?id=9kwIAAAAIAAJ) |publisher=Bharatiya Gurjar Parisha |page=27 |quote=Sanskrit Dictionary Compiled by Pandit Radha Kant (Shakabada 1181) explains: Gurjar=Gur (enemy)+Ujar(destroyer)}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ===
ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱨ, ᱦᱩᱞ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱚᱞ ᱡᱷᱚᱠᱷᱟᱜ ᱮ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱡᱟᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱰᱟᱝᱜᱽᱨᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱴᱠᱤᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱩᱢᱵᱽᱲᱩ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱬᱜᱚ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Mayaram2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author=Shail Mayaram|title=Against History, Against State: Counterperspectives from the Margins|url=[https://books.google.com/books?id=zL-7m2MDp2EC](https://books.google.com/books?id=zL-7m2MDp2EC)|year=2004|publisher=Permanent Black|isbn=978-81-7824-096-1| pages = 94}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱐᱒᱖ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱦᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱜᱚᱡᱽᱱᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾ ᱚᱣᱚᱫᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱛᱟᱭᱢᱩᱨ]] ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ᱾ ᱑᱕᱒᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱟᱠᱨᱚᱢᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱦᱟ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱑᱗᱐᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, [[ᱚᱣᱨᱚᱝᱡᱮᱵᱽ]] ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱤᱢᱟᱪᱚᱞ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱩᱨ-ᱡᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾

=== ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ===
[[File:Goojur_Sirdars_of_Rajpootana.jpg |thumb|ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱥᱚᱨᱫᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ]]
[[File:Two Gurjar (also transliterated as Gujjar, Gujar, Gurjara, &amp; Gujjer) Men on a Pavement and a Woman in a Doorway in Delhi, Shepherd &amp; Robertson (possibly), ca.1859–69.png|thumb|ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ, ᱑᱘᱕᱙-᱖᱙ ᱥᱩᱨ]]
᱑᱘ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱚᱨᱤᱠᱷᱤᱛᱜᱚᱲ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱤᱞᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ [[ᱱᱮᱭᱱ ᱥᱤᱝ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=[http://meerut.nic.in/tourist.htm](http://meerut.nic.in/tourist.htm) |title=Tourist Places |publisher=District Administration Meerut |access-date=31 May 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20090619074812/http://meerut.nic.in/tourist.htm](https://web.archive.org/web/20090619074812/http://meerut.nic.in/tourist.htm) |archive-date=19 June 2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱢᱳᱨᱮᱱᱟ, ᱥᱟᱢᱛᱷᱟᱨ, ᱫᱷᱳᱞᱯᱩᱨ, ᱥᱚᱦᱟᱨᱚᱱᱯᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱲᱠᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;cite&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url = [https://roorkee.cantt.gov.in/history/](https://roorkee.cantt.gov.in/history/) |title = Roorkee Cantonment Board - History |access-date = 2 September 2021 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]] ᱨᱮ, [[Sir Thomas Theophilus Metcalfe, 4th Baronet|ᱢᱮᱴᱠᱟᱞᱯᱷ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥ]] ᱫᱚ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱞᱩᱴ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱥᱟ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book | last =Sen | first =Geeti |author2=Ashis Banerjee | title =The Human Landscape | publisher =Orient Longman |year=2001 |isbn=978-81-250-2045-5 | page =236 }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱘᱕᱗ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴ]] ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite magazine |title=The Adivasis of India – A History of Discrimination, Conflict, and Resistance |author=C.R. Bijoy |magazine=PUCL Bulletin |publisher=People's Union for Civil Liberties |pages=55–61 |date=February 2003 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ==
=== ᱟᱯᱷᱜᱟᱱᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ===
[[File:Bakitar Gujar, 1984.jpg|thumb|right|ᱟᱯᱷᱜᱟᱱᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ, ᱑᱙᱘᱔]]
ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱯᱷᱜᱟᱱᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ [[Pajhwok Afghan News|ᱯᱟᱡᱽᱣᱳᱠ ᱟᱯᱷᱜᱟᱱ ᱱᱤᱣᱩᱡᱽ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱟᱱᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑.᱕ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱟᱯᱷᱜᱟᱱᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱸᱭᱮ-ᱮᱛᱚᱢ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱠᱟᱯᱤᱥᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱠᱟᱯᱤᱥᱟ]], [[ᱵᱟᱜᱷᱞᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱵᱟᱜᱷᱞᱟᱱ]], [[ᱵᱟᱞᱠᱷ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱵᱟᱞᱠᱷ]], [[ᱠᱩᱱᱫᱩᱡᱽ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱠᱩᱱᱫᱩᱡᱽ]], [[ᱛᱟᱠᱷᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱛᱟᱠᱷᱟᱨ]], [[ᱵᱟᱫᱟᱠᱷᱥᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱵᱟᱫᱟᱠᱷᱥᱟᱱ]], [[ᱱᱩᱨᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱱᱩᱨᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ]], [[ᱞᱟᱜᱷᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱞᱟᱜᱷᱢᱟᱱ]], [[ᱱᱟᱱᱜᱟᱨᱦᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱱᱟᱱᱜᱟᱨᱦᱟᱨ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱷᱳᱥᱛ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱠᱷᱳᱥᱛ]]᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾&lt;ref name=pajhwok.com&gt;{{cite news |url=[https://pajhwok.com/2021/01/13/gujars-use-andak-meat-for-coronavirus-treatment/](https://pajhwok.com/2021/01/13/gujars-use-andak-meat-for-coronavirus-treatment/) |title=Gujars use Andak meat for coronavirus treatment |date=January 2021 |access-date=15 March 2023|last1=Hamdard |first1=Azizullah |quote=Reaching in numbers almost 1.5 million, Gujar tribe men and women live in parts of Kapesa, Baghlan, Balkh, Kunduz, Takhar, Badakhshan, Nuristan, Laghman, Nangarhar and Khost provinces. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱢᱟᱨᱮ [[ᱟᱯᱷᱜᱟᱱᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱝᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱ]] ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱔ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱟᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;pajhwok.com&quot;/&gt;

=== ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ===
ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ]] (OBC) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾&lt;ref name=article2608724&gt;{{Cite news |url=[http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/world/asia/article2608724.ece](http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/world/asia/article2608724.ece) |title=India's Gujjar caste fight for a downgrade |first=Jeremy |last=Page |work=[[The Times]] |date=30 May 2008 |access-date=1 December 2009 |archive-url= [https://web.archive.org/web/20131104003944/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/world/asia/article2608724.ece](https://web.archive.org/web/20131104003944/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/world/asia/article2608724.ece) |archive-date=4 November 2013 |url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ, ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱢᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱥᱢᱤᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱦᱤᱢᱟᱪᱚᱞ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱡᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱ|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱡᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱯᱨᱳᱜᱽᱨᱟᱢ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ (ST) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾

==== ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ====
ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱣᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱯᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱥᱵᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |title=Demographic Study of Gujjars of Delhi: Population Structure and Socio-cultural Profile|year=2004 |doi=10.1080/09709274.2004.11905710|last1=Dabral|first1=Shweta|last2=Malik|first2=S.L.|journal=Journal of Human Ecology|volume=16|pages=17–24 |s2cid=55355163| issn = 0970-9274 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ ====
ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱯᱞᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱱᱤᱭᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030803/ncr1.htm#4](http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030803/ncr1.htm#4) |title=Anti-dowry campaign renewed before marriage season |author=Chattar Pal Tanwar |work=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]] |location=[[Chandigarh]] |date=3 August 2003 |access-date=31 May 2007 }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱢᱤᱫ ''ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱯᱚᱧᱪᱟᱭᱚᱛ'' ᱨᱮ, ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱡᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱚᱬ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱟ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030630/ncr1.htm#5](http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030630/ncr1.htm#5) |title=No band, no dhol, and just 11 baratis |author=Parmindar Singh |work=The Tribune |location=Chandigarh |date=29 June 2003 |access-date=31 May 2007 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ====
[[File:Shri Devnarayan BhagwanVeerGurjar.JPG|thumb|right|ᱟᱥᱤᱱᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱳᱫᱷᱯᱩᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ [[ᱥᱨᱤ ᱫᱮᱵᱽᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱚᱵᱟᱱ]] ᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱞᱟ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ]]
ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱩᱨᱡᱚ]], [[ᱫᱮᱵᱽᱱᱟᱨᱟᱭᱚᱱ]] ([[ᱵᱤᱥᱱᱩ]] ᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ [[ᱚᱵᱚᱛᱟᱨ]]), [[ᱥᱤᱵᱽ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱫᱩᱨᱜᱟ|ᱵᱷᱚᱵᱟᱱᱤ]] ᱠᱚ ᱯᱩᱡᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾&lt;ref name=neuman&gt;{{cite book|title=Bards, ballads and boundaries: an ethnographic atlas of music traditions in West Rajasthan|author=Daniel Neuman|author2=Shubha Chaudhuri|author3=Komal Kothari|publisher=Seagull|year=2007|quote=Devnarayan is worshipped as an avatar or incarnation of Vishnu. This epic is associated with the Gujar caste|isbn=978-1905422074|url-access=registration|url=[https://archive.org/details/bardsballadsboun00neum](https://archive.org/details/bardsballadsboun00neum)}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ, ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱟᱫᱚᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱤᱡᱟᱨᱵᱷᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱡᱩᱨ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ OBC ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ST ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ᱾ ᱒᱐᱐᱓ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, [[ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱛᱟ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤ]] (BJP) ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=[http://www.countercurrents.org/rahi060608.htm](http://www.countercurrents.org/rahi060608.htm) |title=Gujjar of Rajasthan and ST Status |publisher=[[Countercurrents.org]] |date=6 June 2008 |access-date=24 June 2009 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱢᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱥᱢᱤᱨ ====
[[File:BAKARWALS_RAJOURI.jpg|thumb|upright=1.15|ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱢᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱥᱢᱤᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱟᱠᱟᱨᱵᱟᱞ (ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱡᱚᱨ ᱜᱩᱯᱤ)]]
ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱢᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱥᱢᱤᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱠᱮᱨᱵᱟᱞ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ (ST) ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=[https://tribal.nic.in/DivisionsFiles/clm/17.pdf](https://tribal.nic.in/DivisionsFiles/clm/17.pdf)|title= Scheduled Tribe Order |publisher= Government of India, Tribal Affairs Department }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱨᱟᱡᱳᱣᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱯᱩᱧᱪ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ, ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱢᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱥᱢᱤᱨ|ᱯᱩᱧᱪ]], [[ᱨᱤᱭᱟᱥᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱠᱤᱥᱛᱣᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ᱾

᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱢᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱥᱢᱤᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟᱥᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑.᱕ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟᱭᱟ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=[https://tribalaffairs.jk.gov.in/StPopu.pdf](https://tribalaffairs.jk.gov.in/StPopu.pdf)|title=Tribal Population of Gujjars, Bakerwals|publisher=Government of Jammu and Kashmir, Tribal Affairs Department}}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ===
ᱟᱱᱫᱟᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱐% ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=3 June 2007 |title=Who are the Gujjars? |url=[https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/who-are-the-gujjars/story-cHGOp2jkDxjWspEpXZuBAM.html](https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/who-are-the-gujjars/story-cHGOp2jkDxjWspEpXZuBAM.html) |archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20240815112219/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/who-are-the-gujjars/story-cHGOp2jkDxjWspEpXZuBAM.html](https://web.archive.org/web/20240815112219/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/who-are-the-gujjars/story-cHGOp2jkDxjWspEpXZuBAM.html) |archive-date=15 August 2024 |website=[[Hindustan Times]] |quote=In Pakistan, they comprise as much as 20 per cent of the population.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==== ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ ====
ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱥᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱭᱛᱮ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ, ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ|ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱱᱣᱟᱞᱟ]], [[ᱜᱩᱡᱚᱨ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ, ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ|ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

== ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ ==

* [[ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨᱟᱫᱮᱥ]]
* [[ᱢᱩᱥᱞᱤᱢ ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱡᱚᱨ]]
* [[ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱤᱥᱴᱤ]]

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
{{Reflist}}

== ᱵᱟᱨᱦᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==
{{Commons ᱛᱷᱚᱠ}}

{{Gurjar clans}}{{Social groups of Rajasthan}}{{Social groups of Maharashtra}}{{Ethnic groups in Afghanistan}}
{{Ethnic groups, tribes and clans of the Punjab}}

{{Authority control}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱜᱩᱨᱡᱚᱨ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱟᱯᱷᱜᱟᱱᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱨᱟᱡᱚᱥᱛᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱜᱩᱡᱽᱨᱟᱴ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱟᱹᱢᱢᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱥᱢᱤᱨ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱭᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱚᱦᱟᱨᱟᱥᱴᱨᱚ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱦᱚᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱦᱤᱢᱟᱪᱚᱞ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱤ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ</title>
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      <text bytes="13007" sha1="mkfelnzh4zhd5clh30s0fbfcew1avoj" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ (᱑᱙᱐᱐–᱑᱙᱖᱒)}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix = 
| name             = ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ
| honorific_suffix = 
| image            = 
| image_size       = 
| alt              = 
| caption          = 
| birth_name       = 
| birth_date       = {{birth year|1900}}
| birth_place      = [[ᱪᱚᱱᱰᱤᱜᱚᱲ]], [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ|ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]]
| death_date       = {{Death year and age|1962|1900}}
| death_place      = [[ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ|ᱠᱟᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ]], [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]]
| death_cause      = 
| nationality      = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ
| education        = 
| alma_mater       = 
| occupation       = ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱷᱚᱣᱩᱱᱰᱟᱨ
| years_active     = 
| employer         = 
| organization     = 
| agent            = 
| known_for        = 
| spouse           = 
| children         = {{Collapsible list|titlestyle=font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left;|title= ᱗||Inder Mohan|Brij Mohan|[[L. M. Thapar]]|Man Mohan | Raj | Prem | Janak}}
| parents          = 
| relatives        = ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ
| awards           = 
| website          = &lt;!-- {{URL|Example.com}} --&gt;
| footnotes        = 
}}
'''ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ''' (᱑᱙᱐᱐-᱑᱙᱖᱒) ᱫᱚ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱷᱚᱣᱩᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱥᱚᱞ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟᱵᱽ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱒᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ [[ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ|ᱠᱟᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱨᱚᱥ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱨᱤᱭᱮᱱᱴᱟᱞ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱠᱚᱢᱟᱨᱥ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱞᱞᱟᱨᱯᱩᱨ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱜᱚᱡᱽ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾

᱑᱙᱕᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱴᱭᱩᱴ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱱᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱨᱤᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱕ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱰᱤᱢᱰ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.thapar.edu/page-uni.asp?mainId=1&amp;masterId=1 |title=Thapar University |access-date=19 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110108041143/http://thapar.edu/page-uni.asp?mainId=1&amp;masterId=1 |archive-date=8 January 2011 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱᱤ==
ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱵᱨᱚᱥ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱮᱫᱟᱭ, ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱵᱨᱚᱥ (ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱟᱹᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧ) ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ (ᱠᱮᱥᱤᱴᱤ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱞᱰᱤᱝ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=Dutta |first=Arnab |date=2011-11-16 |title=Coal mining baron Inder Mohan Thapar dies at 93 |url=https://www.livemint.com/Companies/1fza6Wu0t8lAs9Mq9NaKQI/Coal-mining-baron-Inder-Mohan-Thapar-dies-at-93.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190801150042/https://www.livemint.com/Companies/1fza6Wu0t8lAs9Mq9NaKQI/Coal-mining-baron-Inder-Mohan-Thapar-dies-at-93.html |archive-date=1 August 2019 |access-date=2025-01-02 |work=Mint |language=en |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱲᱤ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱑᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱱᱮᱥ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱥᱟᱹᱨᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱭᱩᱨᱳᱯ ᱢᱟᱞᱤᱠ ᱠᱷᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱑᱙᱒᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱟᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ ᱥᱮᱱ ᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱜᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱞᱠᱟᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱱᱮᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱷᱤᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱱᱮᱴᱣᱟᱨᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾

ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱠᱮᱱ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱜᱚᱡᱽ, ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱴᱟᱭᱤᱞ, ᱠᱮᱢᱤᱠᱟᱞ, ᱪᱤᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱝᱠᱤᱝ (ᱚᱨᱤᱭᱮᱱᱴᱟᱞ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱠᱚᱢᱟᱨᱥ) ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱢᱟ (ᱭᱩᱱᱟᱭᱴᱮᱰ ᱤᱱᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱤᱱᱥᱩᱨᱮᱱᱥ) ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gopalan |first=Krishna |date=2019-10-04 |title=Gautam Thapar Inside Story |url=https://www.outlookbusiness.com/magazine/business/story/fall-from-grace-5399 |access-date=2025-01-02 |website=Outlook Business |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=About LM Thapar |url=https://www.thapar.edu/academics/schoolpages/about-lm-thapar95#:~:text=The%20Thapar%20Group%20was%20established,these%20companies%20were%20subsequently%20nationalized. |access-date=2025-01-02 |website=Thapar Institute of Engineering &amp; Technology}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱑᱙᱒᱙ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ, ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ, ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱵᱨᱚᱥ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱛᱮ, ᱠᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱞᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ/ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱪᱟᱛᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ==
᱑᱙᱐᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱖᱓ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ : ᱤᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ, ᱵᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ, [[ᱞᱚᱞᱤᱛ ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱱ ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Tabe |first=Noboru |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Indian_Entrepreneurs_at_the_Cross_Roads/r00tAAAAMAAJ?hl=en |title=Indian Entrepreneurs at the Cross Roads: A Study of Business Leadership |date= |publisher=Institute of Developing Economies |year=1970 |location=Chiba |page=61 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Mukherji |first=Udit Prasanna |date=14 June 2013 |title=Thapars to split holding firm |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/thapars-to-split-holding-firm-104101501007_1.html |access-date=3 January 2025 |website=Business Standard}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱭᱤᱡ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱚᱞᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱟᱨᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚᱞᱤᱛ ᱖᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱤᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱞᱤᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱞᱚᱞᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱤᱪᱷᱤ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱡ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ; ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱪᱞᱟᱨᱦᱩᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱱ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱞᱚᱞᱤᱛ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱵᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱜᱚᱣᱛᱟᱢ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱢᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱰᱤᱵᱷᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱢᱳᱦᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱵᱤᱠᱨᱚᱢ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾

ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ (ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ) ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱢᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱥᱩᱨᱤᱱᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱟᱞ ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱥᱮᱥ ᱥᱩᱨᱤᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ: ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱥᱤᱭᱳ ᱱᱟᱭᱱᱟ ᱞᱟᱞ ᱠᱤᱰᱣᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱱᱤᱛᱟ ᱞᱟᱞ ᱠᱩᱨᱮᱥᱤ, ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱡᱟᱶᱟᱭ ᱯᱷᱟᱭᱥᱟᱞ ᱠᱩᱨᱮᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱᱤ ᱜᱚᱞᱯ ᱪᱮᱢᱯᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061113042531/http://www.hrfolks.com/knowledgebank/businesshouses.htm  Business Houses list]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121023041124/http://www.businessweek.com/1997/15/b352212.htm  Businessweek mention in 1997]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121023192955/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1060616/asp/business/story_6359623.asp Telegraph India article on family division]
* [http://www.jcttextiles.com/Thapar.htm  JCT textiles website]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050207212225/http://www.tiet.edu/  Engineering college website]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110319025618/http://www.kctcoalsales.com/about-us.asp  KCT website]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070222220104/http://www.biltpaper.com/  Bilt website]
* [http://www.economist.com/business-finance/displaystory.cfm?story_id=15869456 The Economist article]
{{DEFAULTSORT:ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ, ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱢ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱽ}}
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱐᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱖᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱟᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ|ᱠ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱟᱧᱡᱟᱵᱽ, ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱴᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱚᱞᱭᱟ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱠᱷᱟᱫᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱸᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱪᱤᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱨᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱞᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱷᱚᱣᱩᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱟᱣᱟᱱᱛᱷᱟ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱵᱟᱲᱤ-ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>34861</id>
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      <id>193021</id>
      <parentid>188224</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-20T10:20:54Z</timestamp>
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        <id>3665</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 1 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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      <text bytes="13857" sha1="2fuwfn27j5fy5xztp17zq2r2jd3bj88" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ}}
{{Infobox rail line
| box_width                       = 32em
| name                            = ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱵᱟᱲᱤ-ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ 
| color                           = 
| logo                            = &lt;!-- Do NOT place a non-free image here without complying with WP:NFCC #10c --&gt;
| logo_width                      = 100 px
| image                           = Raninagar Station Nameplate, Jalpaiguri.JPG
| image_width                     = 
| caption                         = ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ &lt;br&gt; ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱵᱟᱨᱤ ᱼ ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱨᱤ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ
| type                            = 
| system                          = 
| status                          = ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ
| locale                          = [[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ]]
| start                           = {{stnlnk|ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱵᱟᱲᱤ}}
| end                             = {{stnlnk|ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ||ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ}}
| stations                        = ᱑᱑
| routes                          = 
| open                            = ᱑᱘᱗᱘
| close                           = 
| owner                           = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱞ|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]]
| operator                        = [[ᱠᱚᱧᱮ-ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱯᱷᱨᱚᱱᱴᱤᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱠᱚᱧᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱯᱷᱨᱚᱱᱴᱤᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ]]
| character                       = 
| depot                           = 
| stock                           = 
| linelength                      = {{convert|58|km}}
| tracklength                     = 
| gauge                           = {{Track gauge|5ft6in|lk=on}} ᱵᱨᱚᱰ ᱜᱮᱡᱽ
| minradius                       = 
| racksystem                      = 
| speed                           = {{cvt|110|km/h}}
| elevation                       = 
| website                         = 
| map                             = {{ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ-ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱵᱟᱲᱤ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ|inline=1}}
| map_state                       = collapsed
}}
'''ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱵᱟᱲᱤ-ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱱᱟᱭᱤᱱ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱠᱩᱪ ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ {{stnlnk|ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱵᱟᱲᱤ}} ᱟᱨ [[ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ {{stnlnk|ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ||ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ}} ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱑᱘᱗᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱞᱠᱟᱛᱟ-ᱥᱤᱞᱤᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱵᱨᱚᱰ-ᱜᱮᱡᱽ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱑᱙᱔᱗ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ, ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ (ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ]]) ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ (ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱣᱲᱟ-ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ) ᱾ ᱟᱫᱚ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱖᱕ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ-ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱪᱞᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱦᱚᱨ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾

==ᱜᱮᱡᱽ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ==
ᱥᱤᱞᱤᱜᱩᱲᱤ-ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱵᱟᱲᱤ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱴᱨᱮᱠ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱜᱮᱡᱽ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱨᱮᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱕ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ ᱖ ᱤᱸᱪ (᱑,᱖᱗᱖ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱟᱨ) ᱵᱨᱚᱰ ᱜᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱥᱚᱠᱟᱭ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱴᱨᱮᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱜᱮᱡᱽ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱑᱙᱔᱙ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱨᱮᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱕ ᱯᱷᱩᱴ ᱖ ᱤᱸᱪ (᱑,᱖᱗᱖ ᱢᱤᱢᱤ) ᱵᱨᱚᱰ ᱜᱮᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱜᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱑᱙᱖᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱨᱚᱰᱜᱮᱡᱽ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱨᱚᱰᱜᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱡᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ [[ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱡᱚᱸᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ|ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=njp&gt;{{cite web| url = https://www.irfca.org/docs/rinbad-siliguri.html|title = India: the complex history of the junctions at Siliguri and New Jalpaiguri | publisher= IRFCA|access-date = 2011-11-12 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱵᱟᱲᱤ-ᱪᱤᱞᱟᱦᱟᱴᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ==
᱑᱙᱖᱕ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ-ᱯᱟᱠᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱵᱟᱲᱤ-ᱪᱤᱞᱟᱦᱟᱴᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱚᱸᱫᱽ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱯᱷᱩᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱪᱤᱞᱟᱦᱟᱴᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱥᱮᱴᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱗.᱕ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱯᱟᱴᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱵᱟᱲᱤ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱔.᱕ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ ᱯᱟᱴᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url = http://news.priyo.com/politics/2011/11/27/new-rail-transit-route-thru-in-43288.html |title = New rail transit route thru India gets govt nod |publisher = Priyo Internet Life |access-date = 2011-11-12 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130608063635/http://news.priyo.com/politics/2011/11/27/new-rail-transit-route-thru-in-43288.html |archive-date = 8 June 2013 |df = dmy-all }}&lt;/ref&gt;

᱗ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱩᱣᱟᱹᱱ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ: &quot;ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱳᱦᱟᱱᱯᱩᱨ-ᱥᱤᱝᱜᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱮᱱᱮᱱᱚᱨ ᱢᱟᱞᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&quot; ᱵᱟᱸᱜᱽᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱮᱯᱟᱞ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱩᱨᱡᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱤᱞᱟᱦᱟᱴᱤ-ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱵᱟᱲᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱞᱟᱣᱨᱟ-ᱢᱚᱦᱤᱥᱚᱨᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = https://www.mea.gov.in/bilateral-documents.htm?dtl/5147/Joint+Statement+on+the+occassion+of+the+visit+of+the+PM+of+India+to+Bangladesh |title = Joint Statement on the occasion of the visit of the PM of India to Bangladesh, 7 September 2011| work = Item No. 40 | publisher = Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India | access-date = 2013-03-04}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱵᱟᱲᱤ-ᱪᱤᱞᱟᱦᱟᱴᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱗ ᱰᱤᱥᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱒᱐᱒᱐ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱡᱷᱤᱡ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱞᱤᱝᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ [[ᱱᱚᱨᱮᱱᱫᱨᱚ ᱢᱳᱫᱤ]] ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱴᱟᱨᱯᱟᱨᱴ ᱥᱮᱭᱠᱷ ᱦᱟᱥᱤᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱚᱨᱪᱩᱟᱞ ᱵᱤᱞᱟᱴᱮᱨᱟᱞ ᱥᱚᱢᱢᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Number of rail links between India-Bangladesh rises to five: Haldibari-Chilahati railway line inaugurated|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/infrastructure/railways/number-of-rail-links-between-india-bangladesh-rises-to-five-haldibari-chilahati-railway-line-inaugurated/2152339/|access-date=18 December 2020|website=Financial Express}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Chilahati-Haldibari rail route opens after 55 years|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/chilahati-haldibari-rail-route-between-india-and-bangladesh-reopens-after-55-years/cid/1800934|access-date=20 December 2020|publisher=The Telegraph, 20 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Haldibari-Chilahati Rail Link: India, Bangladesh Reopen Cross-border route after 55years|url=https://www.ndtv.com/business/haldibari-chilahati-railway-line-india-bangladesh-reopen-cross-border-route-after-55-years-2340419|access-date=20 December 2020|publisher=NDTV Profit, 18 December 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱤᱯᱷᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ==
ᱠᱟᱴᱤᱦᱟᱨ-ᱜᱩᱣᱟᱦᱟᱴᱤ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱤᱯᱷᱤᱰ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱒᱐᱒᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ-ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱛᱮ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱤᱯᱷᱤᱰ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Indian Railways completes electrification of track upto Guwahati in north-east India|date=12 October 2021 |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/indian-railways-to-link-guwahati-with-electric-trains-from-other-metro-cities-11633999164530.html|access-date=17 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱨᱟᱹᱱᱤᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ-ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱵᱟᱲᱤ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱤᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱐ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱒᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=NFR: Electrification works in full swing|date=10 March 2020 |url=https://www.railpost.in/nfr-electrification-works-in-full-swing/|access-date=17 October 2021}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
* ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱵᱟᱲᱤ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ [http://d.indiarailinfo.com/search/new-jalpaiguri-njp-to-haldibari-hdb/444/1601]{{Dead link|date=June 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱵᱟᱲᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱴᱨᱮᱱ [http://d.indiarailinfo.com/search/haldibari-hdb-to-new-jalpaiguri-njp/1601/444] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304122841/http://d.indiarailinfo.com/search/haldibari-hdb-to-new-jalpaiguri-njp/1601/444 |date=2016-03-04 }}

{{DEFAULTSORT:ᱦᱚᱞᱫᱤᱵᱟᱲᱤ-ᱱᱤᱭᱩ ᱡᱚᱞᱯᱟᱭᱜᱩᱲᱤ ᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ}}
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱕ ᱯᱷᱤᱴ ᱖ ᱤᱸᱪ ᱜᱮᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱞᱣᱮ ᱨᱮ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱚᱢ]]
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[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱘᱗᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
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    <title>ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱵᱟᱪᱟᱠᱱᱚᱵᱤ</title>
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      <text bytes="23148" sha1="5whwkdvqmsbwq8hkavwaqbukvtrx8b3" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Gargi Vachaknavi.jpg|thumb|'''ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱴᱷᱟᱹᱱ''' ᱵᱤᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱫᱷᱩᱵᱚᱱᱤ ᱡᱤᱞᱞᱟᱹ, ᱢᱤᱛᱷᱤᱞᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱᱤᱯᱟᱴᱴᱤ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱩᱪᱷᱟᱭᱤᱛ ᱵᱷᱚᱜᱚᱵᱚᱛᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱫᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ]]
'''ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱵᱟᱪᱟᱠᱱᱚᱵᱤ''' (Sans: गार्गी वाचक्नवी ([[Devanagari]]); Gārgī Vācaknavī ([[International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration|IAST]])) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ [[Ancient philosophy#Ancient Hindu philosophy|ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] (philosopher) ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ [[Vedas|ᱵᱮᱫᱽ]] ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ [[Natural philosophy|ᱠᱩᱫᱩᱢ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ,{{Sfn|Ahuja|2011|p=34}}&lt;ref name=Astra&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.astr.ua.edu/4000WS/GARGI.html|title=Gargi|publisher= University of Alabama Astronomy}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱵᱮᱫᱽ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱵᱭᱟᱠᱷᱭᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ, &lt;ref name=&quot;Mani&quot;&gt;{{cite book|author = Mani, Vettam|title = Puranic Encyclopaedia: A Comprehensive Dictionary With Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature|url= https://archive.org/stream/puranicencyclopa00maniuoft/puranicencyclopa00maniuoft_djvu.txt |publisher = Motilal Banarsidass|year = 1975|location = Delhi|isbn = 0-8426-0822-2|author-link =Vettam Mani|pages=348–9}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱨ [[Brahmavidya|ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚ ᱵᱤᱫᱽᱭᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱭᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ [[Brahmavadini|ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚᱵᱟᱫᱤᱱᱤ]] ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾{{Sfn|Banerji|1989|p=614}} [[Brihadaranyaka Upanishad|ᱵᱨᱤᱦᱚᱫᱟᱨᱚᱱᱭᱚᱠᱚ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱵᱨᱟᱦᱢᱚᱬ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱦᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ [[Janaka|ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠ]] ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ''[[Bahudakshina Yajna|ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚᱭᱚᱜᱽᱭᱚ]]'' ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ [[Yajnavalkya|ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ]] ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ''[[Atman (Hinduism)|ᱟᱛᱢᱟ]]'' ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾{{Sfn|Ahuja|2011|p=34}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.sivanandaonline.org/graphics/spritual_life/ideal_for_women/the_culmination_selfhood.html?9d5ab6c0|title=The Virgin Philosopher|author=Swami Sivananda|publisher=sivanandaonline.org|author-link=Swami Sivananda}}{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱵᱷᱩᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱯᱞᱟᱹ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱠᱞᱟ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ [[Hindus|ᱦᱤᱱᱫᱩ]] ᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾{{Sfn|Kapur-Fic|1998|p=323}}{{Sfn|Kumar|2004|p=158}}
ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ, ᱨᱤᱥᱤ [[Garga (sage)|ᱜᱚᱨᱜᱚ]] ᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ [[Vachaknu|ᱵᱟᱪᱟᱠᱱᱩ]] ᱭᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ (ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱘᱐᱐-᱕᱐᱐ BC), ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱵᱟᱪᱟᱠᱱᱚᱵᱤ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱫᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱚᱨᱚᱡᱽ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱩᱱᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱮᱫᱤᱠ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[Vedas|ᱵᱮᱫᱽ]] ᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱜᱭᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱤ-ᱜᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾
== ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ==
ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱜᱚᱨᱜᱚ ᱟᱜ ᱵᱚᱝᱥᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱵᱟᱪᱟᱠᱱᱩ ᱭᱤᱡ ᱦᱚᱯᱚᱱ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ (ᱞᱟᱜᱽᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱘᱐᱐-᱕᱐᱐ BC), ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=Astra/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Great&quot;&gt;{{cite book | title=Great Women of India | year = 2005 | series = Know India | publisher = Prabhat Prakashan | isbn=978-81-87100-34-8 | page = 15 }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱠᱟᱹᱴᱤᱡ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱟᱪᱟᱠᱱᱚᱵᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱩᱫᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[Vedas|ᱵᱮᱫᱽ]] ᱟᱨ [[scriptures|ᱥᱟᱥᱛᱨᱚ]] ᱠᱚᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱭᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱟᱨᱡᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾
== ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ==
[[Upanishads|ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ]] ᱨᱤᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ, [[Vadava Pratitheyi]] ᱟᱨ [[Maitreyi|ᱥᱩᱞᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱨᱮᱭᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾{{Sfn|Mookerji|1998|p=171}} ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱫᱤᱠ ᱡᱩᱜᱽ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱫᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱩᱱᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱹᱭ-ᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ (debate) ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾{{Sfn|O'Malley|1970|p=331}} ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱥᱣᱟᱞᱟᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱜᱨᱤᱦᱭᱚ ᱥᱩᱛᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾{{Sfn|Gadkari|1996|p=86}} ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Great&quot;/&gt;
== ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ ==
[[Brihadaranyaka Upanishad|ᱵᱨᱤᱦᱚᱫᱟᱨᱚᱱᱭᱚᱠᱚ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱦᱚ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱭᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ [[Rajasuya|ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱥᱩᱭᱚ ᱭᱚᱜᱽᱭᱚ]] ᱮ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ, ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱠᱩᱢᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱱᱮᱣᱛᱟ ᱞᱮᱫ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ ᱾ ᱭᱚᱜᱽᱭᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱭᱚᱜᱽᱭᱚ ᱥᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ [[sandalwood|ᱪᱚᱱᱫᱚᱱ]], [[ghee|ᱜᱷᱤᱭᱩ]] ᱟᱨ [[barley|ᱡᱚ]] ᱠᱚ ᱟᱦᱩᱛᱤ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱡᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱩᱥᱤ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ [[Brahman|ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚ]] ᱜᱭᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱟᱱᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱮ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱜᱭᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚᱭᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑,᱐᱐᱐ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱟᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱸᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱐ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱥᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱚᱞ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱣᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱵᱟᱪᱟᱠᱱᱚᱵᱤ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Great&quot;/&gt; ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡ ᱱᱤᱡᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱭᱟᱱᱤᱭ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱪᱮᱞᱟ ᱥᱚᱢᱥᱨᱚᱵᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ (debate) ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱞᱮᱧᱡᱽ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱭᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱮ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Citation |last=Ranganathan |first=Shyam |title=Gārgī Vācaknavī of India गार्गी वाचक्नवी fl. Eighth Century BCE |date=2023 |work=Women Philosophers from Non-western Traditions: The First Four Thousand Years |pages=53–73 |editor-last=Waithe |editor-first=Mary Ellen |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28563-9_3 |access-date=2025-11-13 |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-3-031-28563-9_3 |isbn=978-3-031-28563-9 |editor2-last=Boos Dykeman |editor2-first=Therese|url-access=subscription }}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[Ashvala|ᱚᱥᱣᱟᱞᱚ]], ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱨᱩᱦᱤᱛ, [[Artabhaga|ᱟᱨᱛᱚᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ]], [[Bhujyu|ᱵᱷᱩᱡᱽᱭᱩ]], [[Ushasta|ᱩᱥᱚᱥᱛᱚ]], ᱟᱨ [[Uddalaka|ᱩᱫᱽᱫᱟᱞᱚᱠᱚ]] ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾{{Sfn|Ahuja|2011|p=34}} ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱭᱟᱱᱤ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱱᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾{{Sfn|Mookerji|1998|p=129}}{{Sfn|Ahuja|2011|p=34}} ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱞ ᱵᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱫᱽ (reality's warp) ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾{{Sfn|Carmody|Brink|2013|p=95}} ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱛᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ ᱦᱟᱞᱚᱛ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱩᱞᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ, &quot;ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ?&quot;, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱨᱤᱦᱚᱫᱟᱨᱚᱱᱭᱚᱠᱚ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ (᱓.᱖) ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ:{{Sfn|Glucklich|2008|pp=64–65}}{{Cquote|ᱦᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ, ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱾
ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ? ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ (intermediate regions) ᱨᱮ, ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱾
ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ?
[[Gandharvas|ᱜᱚᱱᱫᱷᱚᱨᱵᱚ]] ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ, ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱾}}
ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱨᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱮ [[sun|ᱵᱮᱲᱟ]] ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱟᱱᱰᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ, [[moon|ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ]], [[stars|ᱤᱯᱤᱞ]], ᱫᱮᱣᱛᱟ, [[Indra|ᱤᱱᱫᱽᱨᱚ]], ᱟᱨ [[Prajapati|ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱟᱯᱚᱛᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ? ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱞᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ:{{Sfn|Carmody|Brink|2013|p=95}} {{Cquote|ᱦᱮ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱵᱤᱛᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱱ (past), ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜᱟᱜ (present) ᱟᱨ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ (future) ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ - ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ? 
ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ &quot;ᱚᱣᱟᱝ&quot; (Space)}}
ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱥᱩᱱᱛᱩᱥ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ:{{Sfn|Carmody|Brink|2013|p=95}}
{{Cquote|ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱚᱣᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ? 
 ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ: ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱮ, ᱦᱮ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ, ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱭᱚᱜᱽᱭᱚ, ᱥᱮᱣᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱚᱯᱚᱥᱭᱟ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱵᱤᱱᱟᱥᱤ (Imperishable) ᱵᱟᱭ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱢᱟᱹ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱚᱵᱤᱱᱟᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮ, ᱦᱮ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ, ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱚᱣᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾}}
ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱩᱞᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱮ [[Brahman|ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚ]] (ᱚᱵᱤᱱᱟᱥᱤ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ) ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ? ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱮ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱞᱚᱢ ᱠᱩᱞᱤᱭᱟ, ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱱᱛᱩᱞᱚᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱫ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱤᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ,{{Sfn|Ahuja|2011|p=34}}{{Sfn|Glucklich |2008|pp=64–65}} ᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱜᱭᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱥᱤᱠᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ: &quot;ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛᱟᱱ ᱵᱨᱟᱦᱢᱚᱬ ᱠᱚ, ᱟᱯᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱵᱷᱟᱹᱜᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱯᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱟᱯᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱯᱮ ᱱᱤᱣᱩᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱧᱤᱧ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱭᱟ, ᱚᱠᱚᱭ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱚᱯᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱮ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱭᱟ ᱾&quot;{{Sfn|Mookerji|1998|p=129}}
ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ [[Chandogya Upanishad|ᱪᱷᱟᱱᱫᱚᱜᱽᱭᱚ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ]] ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾{{Sfn|Ahuja|2011|p=34}} ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱫᱚ [[Mithila (ancient)|ᱢᱤᱛᱷᱤᱞᱟ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱠ ᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨᱵᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ [[Navaratnas|ᱱᱚᱵᱚᱨᱚᱛᱱᱚ]] (ᱤᱨᱟᱹᱞ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝᱟᱱ ᱨᱚᱛᱱᱚ) ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾{{Sfn|Ahuja|2011|p=34}}
=== ᱭᱳᱜᱟ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ===
ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱫᱚ ''[[Yoga Yajnavalkya|ᱭᱳᱜᱟ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ]]'' ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ-ᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱳᱜᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;''Yogayajnavalkya Samhita'' – The Yoga Treatise of Yajnavalkya, by T. K. V. Desikachar and T. Krishnamacharya, Krishnamacharya Yoga Mandiram (2004), {{ISBN|81-87847-08-5}}.&lt;/ref&gt; ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱩᱛᱷᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱭᱤᱡ ᱮᱨᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤ ᱠᱚᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ-ᱟ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 'ᱞᱮᱠᱪᱟᱨ' ᱟᱸᱡᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱞᱤ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt; ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱭᱟᱢ ᱨᱚᱝᱜᱚᱱᱟᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱵᱨᱤᱦᱚᱫᱟᱨᱚᱱᱭᱚᱠᱚ ᱩᱯᱚᱱᱤᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱭᱳᱜᱟ ᱭᱟᱜᱽᱭᱚᱵᱚᱞᱠᱭᱚ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱤᱱ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;
== ᱯᱚᱯᱩᱞᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ==
᱒᱐᱑᱕-᱑᱖ ᱨᱮ [[Star Plus|ᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱥ]] ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱤᱵᱷᱤ ᱥᱳ [[Siya Ke Ram|ᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱮ ᱨᱟᱢ]] ᱨᱮ ᱮᱠᱴᱨᱮᱥ [[Richa Soni|ᱨᱤᱪᱟ ᱥᱚᱱᱤ]] ᱫᱚ ᱜᱟᱨᱜᱤ ᱵᱟᱪᱟᱠᱱᱚᱵᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ [[Disney+ Hotstar|ᱰᱤᱥᱱᱤ+ ᱦᱚᱴᱥᱴᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ [[Swastik Productions|ᱥᱣᱟᱥᱛᱤᱠ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱟᱠᱥᱚᱱ]] ᱟᱜ [[Shrimad Ramayan|ᱥᱨᱤᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱟᱢᱟᱭᱚᱬ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱱᱟᱠᱥᱤ ᱥᱮᱴᱷᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱳᱞ ᱮ ᱠᱚᱨᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/C1uBiYSCvZK/?igsh=NTc4MTIwNjQ2YQ== |access-date=2024-01-11 |website=www.instagram.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
{{Reflist|2}}
== ᱵᱤᱵᱽᱞᱤᱭᱳᱜᱽᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤ ==
*{{cite book|last= Ahuja |first=M.L. |title=Women in Indian Mythology |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=day64iGXDFAC&amp;pg=PT34|year=2011|publisher=Rupa Publications|isbn=978-81-291-2171-4}}
*{{cite book|last= Banerji |first=Sures Chandra |title=A Companion to Sanskrit Literature: Spanning a Period of Over Three Thousand Years, Containing Brief Accounts of Authors, Works, Characters, Technical Terms, Geographical Names, Myths, Legends, and Several Appendices|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JkOAEdIsdUsC&amp;pg=PA614|date=1 January 1989|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=978-81-208-0063-2}}
*{{cite book|last1= Carmody |first1=Denise |last2= Brink |first2=T. |title=Cengage Advantage Books: Ways to the Center: An Introduction to World Religions|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3UkWAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA95|date=1 January 2013|publisher=Cengage Learning|isbn=978-1-285-41529-1}}
*{{cite book|last= Gadkari|first=Jayant |title=Society and Religion: From Rugveda to Puranas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zst_7qaatp8C&amp;pg=PA86|date=1 January 1996|publisher=Popular Prakashan|isbn=978-81-7154-743-2}}
*{{cite book|last= Glucklich |first=Ariel |title=The Strides of Vishnu : Hindu Culture in Historical Perspective: Hindu Culture in Historical Perspective|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KtLScrjrWiAC&amp;pg=PA64|date=11 April 2008|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-971825-2}}
*{{cite book|series=Know India|title=Great Women of India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x74ag_GMkTcC&amp;pg=PA15|year=2005|publisher=PrabhatPrakashan|isbn=978-81-87100-34-8}}
*{{cite book|last= Kapur-Fic |first=Alexandra R. |title=Thailand: Buddhism, Society, and Women|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kaBW8Ao-18oC&amp;pg=PA323|date=1 January 1998|publisher=Abhinav Publications|isbn=978-81-7017-360-1}}
*{{cite book|last= Kumar|first=Raj|title=Essays on Social Reform Movements|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C7SQW69LLSIC&amp;pg=PA158|date=1 January 2004|publisher=Discovery Publishing House|isbn=978-81-7141-792-6}}
*{{cite book|last= Mody |first=Rekha |title=A Quest for Roots: Stree Shakti|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dWgaAAAAYAAJ|year=1999|publisher=Stree Shakti}}
*{{cite book|last= Mookerji|first=Radha Kumud |title=Ancient Indian Education: Brahmanical and Buddhist|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mjFfqpq7HhkC&amp;pg=PA171|date=1 January 1998|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=978-81-208-0423-4}}
*{{cite book|last= O'Malley|first=Charles Donald |title=The History of Medical Education: An International Symposium Held February 5-9, 1968|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=afYzWG1FLroC&amp;pg=PA331|year=1970|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-01578-4}}
== ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==
 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150402131943/http://www.women-philosophers.com/Gargi.html Women Philosophers]
 * [http://creative.sulekha.com/gargi-the-first-woman-philosopher-of-the-world-and-wisdom-of-vedic-times_81307_blog Gargi, The first women Philosopher]
{{Indian Philosophy}}
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[[Category:Ancient Indian women writers]]
[[Category:Ancient Indian philosophers]]
[[Category:Hindu philosophers and theologians]]
[[Category:Hindu poets]]
[[Category:Place of birth unknown]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:Year of death unknown]]
[[Category:Indian women poets]]
[[Category:Women religious writers]]
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]
[[Category:Indian women philosophers]]
[[Category:Women mystics]]
[[Category:7th-century BC Hindus]]
[[Category:7th-century BC Indian philosophers]]
[[Category:8th-century BC Hindus]]
[[Category:8th-century BC Indian philosophers]]
[[Category:Upanishadic people]]
[[Category:Sanskrit and Vedic learning in Mithila]]</text>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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      <text bytes="16278" sha1="fa9ppeln17jnefwxbcuprsdabgc5xei" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ}}
{{Infobox person
| name               = ᱥᱤᱵᱷᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱵᱳᱵᱤ
| image              = Shiva M.jpg
| alt                = ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱭᱤᱡ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ
| caption            = ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ
| birth_name         = &lt;!-- only use if different from name --&gt;
| native_name        = شیوا محبوبی
| native_name_lang   = ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤ
| birth_date         = ᱑᱙᱖᱘
| birth_place        = ᱤᱨᱟᱱ
| death_date         = &lt;!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} or {{Death-date and age|death date†|birth date†}} --&gt;
| death_place        =
| other_names        =
| occupation         = ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱮᱱᱟᱨ, ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱳᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤᱥᱴ
| years_active       =
| known_for          = ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱲᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱮᱱ
| notable_works      =
| spouse             = ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱟᱞᱤᱞᱤᱨᱟᱫᱽ
}}
'''ᱥᱤᱵᱷᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱵᱳᱵᱤ''' (ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤ: '''شیوا محبوبی''' ) (ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑᱙᱖᱘) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ [[ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ|ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ]] ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱥᱟᱭᱠᱳᱛᱷᱮᱨᱟᱯᱤᱥᱴ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱩᱠᱤᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱲᱟᱭ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫᱽ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱵᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ [[ᱤᱨᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ [[ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱯᱚᱴᱚᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱤᱡᱟᱵᱽ]] ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱪᱤᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱮ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱟᱦᱵᱳᱵᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱮᱱ ᱴᱩ ᱯᱷᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱯᱨᱤᱡᱚᱱᱟᱨᱥ ᱤᱱ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ([https://cfppi.org/about-us/ CFPPI]) ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱡᱚᱜᱚ-ᱵᱩᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱲ-ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱮᱞᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ (᱒᱐᱐᱕-᱒᱐᱑᱖) ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤ]] ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱵᱷᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱨᱚᱰᱭᱩᱥᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱮᱡᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=مصاحبه شیوا محبوبی با بهروز جاوید تهرانی زندانی سیاسی سابق در تلویزیون کانال جدید | date=April 2013 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZS04XIsVBdI |access-date=2024-01-02 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱳ ᱫᱚ [https://kanaljadid.com ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱫᱤᱫᱽ] ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ [[ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯ]] ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱢᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ|ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]] ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ [https://20juneiran.wordpress.com/about/ ᱒᱐ ᱡᱩᱱ] ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ CFPPI ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱵᱟᱝ-ᱦᱟᱢᱮᱴᱚᱜ ᱥᱚᱝᱜᱚᱴᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱖ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱢᱟᱦᱵᱳᱵᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱵᱽᱥᱟᱞᱤ ᱩᱯᱨᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]], [[ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤ]], ᱟᱨ ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱟᱣᱩᱴᱞᱮᱴ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱭᱩ.ᱠᱮ. ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱯᱞᱮᱴᱯᱷᱚᱨᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱮᱜᱩᱞᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱮᱱᱴᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=شیوا محبوبی: در تمام طول این سال‌ها ما زنان ایران هرگز حجاب را نخواستیم | date=17 September 2022 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1nWw1I2L5eQ |access-date=2024-01-02 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=گزارش دو نهاد حقوق بشری از فساد سیستماتیک در ایران؛ گفت‌گو با شیوا محبوبی | date=28 December 2023 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hXQdjNQtUME |access-date=2024-01-02 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱟᱠᱷᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱱᱯᱷᱚᱨᱮᱱᱥ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱨᱚᱲ-ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱦᱚ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ,&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=Shiva Mahbobi {{!}} Cambridge Union | date=22 February 2023 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=flSZfqUKLyM |access-date=2024-01-02 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱰᱟᱨᱦᱟᱢ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱱ,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=This House believes Islam is Compatible with Human Rights – Durham Union Society |url=https://dus.org.uk/event/islam-debate/ |access-date=2024-01-02 |language=en-GB |archive-date=2024-01-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102214826/https://dus.org.uk/event/islam-debate/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱳᱨᱳᱱᱴᱳ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱞᱳᱵᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱭᱞᱚᱜᱽ ᱚᱱ ᱫᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱣᱪᱟᱨ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=The Global Dialogue on the Future of Iran - Session 2 | date=10 May 2013 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=50pmo6l5Rso |access-date=2024-01-02 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2024-03-18 |title=32nd Meeting - 55th Regular Session of Human Rights Council {{!}} UN Web TV |url=http://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k1i/k1ia17pdl4 |access-date=2024-05-03 |website=webtv.un.org |language=en |archive-date=2024-05-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240503150610/http://webtv.un.org/en/asset/k1i/k1ia17pdl4 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rZIrWehQ7Go |title=سخنرانی شیوا محبوبی سخنگوی کمیته آزادی زندانیان سیاسی در نشست شورای حقوق بشر در ژنو |language=en |access-date=2024-05-03 |via=www.youtube.com}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱪᱩᱦᱩᱲ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱳᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱒᱓ ᱨᱮ [[ᱵᱨᱤᱴᱤᱥ ᱵᱷᱳᱜᱽ]] ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2022-11-29 |title=&quot;This Is A Revolution&quot;: 5 Women On The Ongoing Fight For Freedom In Iran |url=https://www.vogue.co.uk/arts-and-lifestyle/article/iran-protests-activists |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=British Vogue |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤᱵᱷᱟ ᱢᱟᱦᱵᱳᱵᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱱᱩᱵᱷᱚᱵᱽ ᱫᱚ ''ᱢᱤᱥᱤᱝ, ᱯᱨᱤᱡᱤᱣᱢᱰ ᱰᱮᱰ'' ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ Spirit Studios ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ A+E Networks EMEA ᱟᱨ Quintus Studios ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱑᱐-ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱴᱨᱩ ᱠᱨᱟᱭᱤᱢ ᱰᱚᱠᱭᱩᱢᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱦᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱯᱤᱥᱳᱰ ᱑᱐᱗ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ &quot;ᱟᱱᱰᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱠ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱠᱤᱭ&quot; ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2025-01-14 |title=Shiva Mahbobi: Solitary Confinement - Missing Presumed Dead (Series 2, Episode 2) - Apple TV (UK) |url=https://tv.apple.com/gb/episode/shiva-mahbobi-solitary-confinement/umc.cmc.6y3l8acx84xbeoncttrdhsgl?showId=umc.cmc.44e1o42xr460b7ys4tw5tp3df |access-date=2025-05-27 |website=Apple TV |language=en-GB}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Missing Presumed Dead |url=https://www.crimeandinvestigation.co.uk/shows/missing-presumed-dead |access-date=2025-05-27 |website=Crime+Investigation UK |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ==
ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱤᱱᱮᱡᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱦᱵᱳᱵᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ &quot;ᱵᱚᱸᱜᱟ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱲᱦᱟᱹᱭ&quot; ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱦᱵᱳᱵᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙۷᱙ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱩᱞᱥᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱚᱜᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱵᱟᱣ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟᱭ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾  ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱡᱷᱤᱡ ᱫᱟᱹᱵᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱮᱠᱷᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱤᱨᱚᱯᱷᱛᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ; ᱛᱩᱨᱩᱭ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱟᱲᱟ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱛᱩᱞᱩᱡ ᱦᱚᱸ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱚᱸᱜᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱜᱤᱨᱚᱯᱷᱛᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ, ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱠᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱚ, ᱟᱨ ᱑᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱩᱢᱮᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱸᱵᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Annie MacManus |url=https://www.anniemacmanus.com//changes-podcast/changes-shiva-mahbobi |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=AnnieMacmanus}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Gilbody-Dickerson |first=Jessie Williams, Claire |date=2023-09-16 |title='We won't back down': Iranian women defy the hijab rule despite arrests, beatings and rape |url=https://inews.co.uk/news/world/iranian-women-defy-hijab-rule-arrests-beatings-rape-2620020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=inews.co.uk |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱨᱟᱲᱟᱭᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱛᱚᱸᱜᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱤᱨᱚᱯᱷᱛᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱥᱟᱡᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱫᱟᱹᱲ ᱠᱮᱫᱟ ᱾
ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱟᱦᱵᱳᱵᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ]] ᱨᱮ ᱭᱩ.ᱮᱱ.ᱮᱪ.ᱥᱤ.ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱥᱨᱚᱭ ᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱙᱔ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ ᱢᱟᱬᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱭᱩ.ᱠᱮ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱟᱦᱵᱳᱵᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱮᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱯᱷᱤᱣᱡᱤᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱡᱤᱠᱤᱣᱴᱤᱵᱽ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱩᱜ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱮᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ-ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱫᱩᱜ ᱵᱟᱧᱪᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱠᱳ-ᱚᱨᱰᱤᱱᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Network members |url=https://ccrweb.ca/sites/ccrweb.ca/files/static-files/gendnetpart.html |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=ccrweb.ca}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱴᱤ ᱚᱱ ᱫᱤ ᱥᱴᱟᱴᱚᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱳᱢᱮᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱢᱱᱮᱥᱴᱤ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ-ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱰᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱚᱝᱜᱚᱴᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱪᱩᱦᱩᱲ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱤᱨᱜᱟᱹᱞ ᱮ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ ᱾
᱒᱐᱐᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱭᱩ.ᱠᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱢᱟᱦᱵᱳᱵᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱥᱱᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱴᱤ ᱮᱜᱮᱱᱥᱴ ᱥᱴᱳᱱᱤᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠ ᱨᱤᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱚᱴᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱷᱤᱨᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱯᱟᱫ ᱜᱚᱡ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱢᱯᱮᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |date=2004-08-06 |title=Sharia Update: International Campaign Against Stoning |language=en-US |work=Humanists International |url=https://humanists.international/2004/08/sharia-update-international-campaign-against-stoning/ |access-date=2024-01-02}}&lt;/ref&gt;
==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱖᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
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    <title>ᱥᱟᱫᱮᱜᱷ ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ</title>
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      <text bytes="20319" sha1="g1bvhiaxx9jaf0dvl0qju3nb0ai3h1l" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name                      = ᱥᱟᱫᱮᱜᱷ ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ
| image                     = Sadegh Zibakalam 2013.jpg
| image_size                =
| caption                   = ᱡᱟᱱᱡᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ, ᱒᱐᱑᱓
| native_name               = صادق زیباکلام
| native_name_lang          = fa
| birth_name                = ᱥᱟᱫᱮᱜᱷ ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱢᱚᱯᱷᱨᱟᱫᱽ
| birth_date                = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1948|6|12}}
| birth_place               = [[ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ]], [[ᱯᱟᱦᱞᱟᱵᱷᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ|ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| death_date                = &lt;!--{{death date and age |YYYY|MM|DD |YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date)--&gt;
| death_place               =
| death_cause               =
| resting_place             =
| resting_place_coordinates = &lt;!--{{coord|LAT|LONG|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}--&gt;
| other_names               =
| citizenship               = ᱤᱨᱟᱱ
| fields                    = [[ᱠᱮᱢᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱤᱱᱡᱤᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤᱝ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ]]
| workplaces                = [[ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱟᱡᱟᱫᱽ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]]
| patrons                   =
| alma_mater                = [[ᱦᱟᱰᱟᱨᱥᱯᱷᱤᱞᱰ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ#ᱦᱟᱰᱟᱨᱥᱯᱷᱤᱞᱰ ᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ (᱑᱙৭০–᱑᱙᱙᱒)|ᱦᱟᱰᱟᱨᱥᱯᱷᱤᱞᱰ ᱯᱚᱞᱤᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[ᱵᱨᱟᱰᱯᱷᱚᱨᱰ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ([[ᱯᱤ.ᱮᱪ.ᱰᱤ]])
| thesis_title              = The Historical Genesis of the Islamic Revolution
| thesis_url                = https://books.google.com/books?id=VBeNGwAACAAJ&amp;dq=zibakalam+The+Historical+Genesis+of+the+Islamic+Revolution&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=isqVVL37BszgavD4gLgD&amp;ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA
| thesis_year               = 1989
| doctoral_advisor          = [[ᱛᱷᱚᱢᱟᱥ ᱡᱮᱨᱟᱨᱰ ᱜᱟᱞᱟᱜᱷᱚᱨ]]
| academic_advisors         =
| doctoral_students         =
| notable_students          = [[ᱥᱟᱭᱤᱫᱽ ᱦᱟᱡᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱱ]]&lt;ref name=&quot;tourjan.com&quot;/&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[ᱯᱷᱟᱛᱮᱢᱟ ᱦᱟᱥᱮᱢᱤ ᱨᱟᱯᱷᱥᱟᱱᱡᱟᱱᱤ]]&lt;ref name=&quot;tourjan.com&quot;/&gt;
| known_for                 =
| awards                    =
| author_abbrev_bot         =
| author_abbrev_zoo         =
| children                  = ᱒
[[ᱟᱦᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱛᱟᱵᱷᱟᱠᱳᱞᱤ]] (ᱥᱟᱶ-ᱦᱚᱧᱦᱟᱨ)&lt;ref name=&quot;family2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=An introduction to Iran's parliamentary candidates|author=Denise Hassanzade Ajiri|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/feb/25/profiles-iran-parliamentary-candidates-tehranbureau|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=February 2016|access-date=21 September 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| signature                 = &lt;!--(filename only)--&gt;
| footnotes                 =
}}
'''ᱥᱟᱫᱮᱜᱷ ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱢᱚᱯᱷᱨᱟᱫᱽ''' ({{langx|fa|صادق زیباکلام مفرد}};&lt;ref name=&quot;The Guardian&quot;/&gt; ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱑᱒ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱑᱙᱔᱘) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱤᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Hanif Zarrabi-Kashani|url=http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/markaz/posts/headlines-2014/12/19-iran-reactions-obama-cuba-deal|title=Iranian Press Week in Review|date=19 December 2014|publisher=The Brookings Institution|accessdate=21 June 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Mehrun Etebari|url=http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/markaz/posts/headlines-2014/12/19-iran-reactions-obama-cuba-deal|title=Iran Press Report: Waiting for Rafsanjani|date=10 May 2013|publisher=The Brookings Institution|accessdate=21 June 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ-ᱞᱤᱵᱟᱨᱮᱞ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|author=Stephanie Cronin|title=Reformers and Revolutionaries in Modern Iran: New Perspectives on the Iranian Left|publisher=Routledge|series=Routledge/BIPS Persian Studies Series|year=2013|isbn=978-1134328901|page=43}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱨᱮ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱮᱥᱚᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/iran-agenda-faces-realities-at-world-gathering/|title=Iran's regional aspirations face realities at non-aligned nations summit | The Times of Israel}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://iranwire.com/en/politics/108469-sadegh-zibakalam-i-wish-someone-would-dare-tell-the-leader-he-cannot-run-the-country-so-stubbornly/#google_vignette|title=Sadegh Zibakalam: I Wish Someone Would Dare Tell the Leader He Cannot Run the Country so Stubbornly}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱪᱮᱱᱮᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱵᱤᱵᱤᱥᱤ ᱱᱤᱭᱩᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱞ ᱡᱟᱡᱤᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.thedohadebates.com/debates/item/?d=19&amp;mode=speakers|title=This House believes that Iran poses the greatest threat to security in the region|3=Series 2|4=|access-date=2026-05-18|archive-date=2014-12-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220203608/http://www.thedohadebates.com/debates/item/?d=19&amp;mode=speakers|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ &quot;''ᱦᱟᱣ ᱰᱤᱰ ᱣᱤ ᱵᱤᱠᱟᱢ ᱦᱣᱟᱴ ᱣᱤ ᱟᱨ?''&quot; ᱟᱨ &quot;''ᱮᱱ ᱤᱱᱴᱨᱚᱰᱟᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱴᱩ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱚᱞᱩᱥᱚᱱ''&quot; ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱹᱠᱷᱨᱤᱧᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;tourjan.com&quot;&gt;{{Citation|title=مردی که زیاد می داند|publisher=tourjan.com|url=http://www.tourjan.com/?p=252|accessdate=24 April 2015|language=Persian|archive-date=10 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140910100458/http://www.tourjan.com/?p=252|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱪᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜᱼᱟᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱚᱝᱵᱮᱫᱚᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱭ ᱮ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱽ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;The Guardian&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= https://www.tabletmag.com/sections/israel-middle-east/articles/the-most-dangerous-man-in-iran |title= Tehran University political scientist Sadegh Zibakalam dares to publicly oppose his regime's foreign policy |publisher= [[Tablet (magazine)|Tablet]] |access-date= 2023-07-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ==
ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ [[ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱭᱟ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱭᱩᱱᱟᱭᱴᱮᱰ ᱠᱤᱝᱰᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱨᱟᱰᱯᱷᱚᱨᱰ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ [[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ]] ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱤ.ᱮᱪ.ᱰᱤ. ᱦᱟᱥᱞᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤᱭᱤᱡ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;english.alarabiya.net&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Hatred of Arabs deeply rooted in Persians, says Iranian intellectual |url=https://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2011%2F10%2F09%2F170927 |website=Al Arabiya English |language=en |date=9 October 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙۷᱙ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱦᱩᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱠᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱷᱚᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱩᱠᱷ ᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;english.alarabiya.net&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= https://www.iranintl.com/en/202210175584 |title= Ongoing Protests Startled, Confused Iran's Authorities - Sadegh Zibakalam |publisher= Iran International |access-date= 2023-07-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱥᱚᱝᱥᱚᱫᱽ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱹᱛᱤᱞ ==
ᱡᱟᱱᱡᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱟᱡᱟᱫᱽ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ, ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱱᱡᱟᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱒᱐᱐᱐ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱤᱰᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱨᱮᱡᱤᱥᱴᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱨᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱣᱩᱱᱥᱤᱞ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱛᱤᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;tourjan.com&quot;/&gt;
== ᱢᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ==
ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱟᱥᱟᱱ ᱨᱩᱦᱟᱱᱤ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱩᱞᱟᱹ ᱪᱤᱴᱷᱤᱭ ᱚᱞ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱲᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱜᱚᱢᱠᱮ ᱠᱮᱱᱰᱤᱰᱮᱴ ᱠᱚ (ᱢᱤᱨ-ᱦᱚᱥᱮᱱ ᱢᱚᱣᱥᱟᱵᱷᱤ, ᱡᱟᱦᱨᱟ ᱨᱟᱦᱱᱟᱵᱷᱟᱨᱰ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱦᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱵᱤ) ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱸᱫᱤ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫᱽ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱣᱟᱫᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱫᱷᱮᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱢ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱮ ᱟᱞᱚᱪᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱐᱙ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱥᱩᱨᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱜᱨᱤᱱ ᱢᱩᱵᱷᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱵᱤᱨᱩᱫᱷ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ-ᱥᱚᱢᱚᱨᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱞᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱨᱦᱟᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱩᱦᱟᱱᱤ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱛᱤᱠᱨᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://iranpulse.al-monitor.com/index.php/2014/01/3616/rouhani-criticized-by-supporter-for-statement-on-2009-elections/|title=Rouhani criticized by supporter for statement on 2009 elections|last=Karami|first=Arash|date=3 January 2014|publisher=AL-MONITOR|accessdate=3 January 2014}}{{Dead link|date=May 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= https://iranwire.com/en/politics/108469-sadegh-zibakalam-i-wish-someone-would-dare-tell-the-leader-he-cannot-run-the-country-so-stubbornly/ | title= Sadegh Zibakalam: I Wish Someone Would Dare Tell the Leader He Cannot Run the Country so Stubbornly | publisher = IRANWIRE }}&lt;/ref&gt;
ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱭᱩᱠᱞᱤᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱩᱠᱞᱤᱭ ᱨᱟᱠᱟᱵ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ &quot;ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱫᱩᱨᱵᱚᱞ&quot; ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21596973-hassan-rohani-has-changed-mood-iran-he-faces-opposition-dismantling|title=Dismantling the wall - Hassan Rohani has changed the mood in Iran. But he faces opposition|date=22 February 2014|publisher=The Economist Newspaper|accessdate=21 February 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱒᱐᱑᱔ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱡᱽᱨᱟᱭᱮᱞ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱮ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣ ᱵᱟᱛᱟᱣᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ [[ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ]] ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱭ ᱢᱟᱱᱟᱣᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;The Guardian&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/iran-blog/2015/apr/08/the-iranian-professor-who-dares-to-differ-on-nuclear-matters-and-israel|title= The Iranian professor who dares to differ on nuclear matters and Israel |date= 8 April 2015|work=The Guardian|accessdate=9 April 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= https://www.memri.org/tv/tehran-university-professor-zibakalam-islamic-revolution-establish-freedom-democracy-regime-failed-abyaneh |title= Tehran University Professor Sadegh Zibakalam: Annihilation Of Israel, Fighting America Were Not Goals Of The 1979 Revolution; The Regime Uses These Slogans To Cover Its Failure To Uphold Accountability, Free Elections, Independent Judiciary |publisher= [[Middle East Media Research Institute]] |access-date= 2023-07-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞ ==
ᱥᱟᱫᱮᱜᱷ ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱒᱐᱑᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱨᱤᱵᱷᱚᱞᱩᱥᱚᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱳᱨᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱡᱟᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ &quot;ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤ-ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱵᱤᱫᱮᱥᱤ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ&quot; ᱰᱚᱭᱮᱪᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱮ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱭᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱞᱚᱪᱚᱱᱟᱛᱢᱚᱠ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟᱭ ᱢᱮᱱ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= https://en.qantara.de/content/iranian-political-scientist-sadegh-zibakalam-given-jail-sentence-over-dw-interview |title= Iranian political scientist Sadegh Zibakalam given jail sentence over DW interview |publisher= Qantara.de |access-date= 2023-07-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞ ᱥᱟᱡᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ, ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱳᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ, ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱯᱨᱤᱱᱴ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱚᱞ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= https://en.radiofarda.com/a/iran-academic-zibakalam-prison/29096882.html |title= Outspoken Iranian Academic Sentenced To Prison, Banned From Political Activities |publisher= Radio Farda |access-date= 2023-07-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;
ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ &quot;ᱚᱱᱞᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡᱽ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮᱲᱮ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ&quot; ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url= https://www.en-hrana.org/sadegh-zibakalam-sentenced-to-one-year-in-prison-for-news-dissemination/ |title= The Criminal Court of Tehran has handed down a one-year prison sentence to Sadegh Zibakalam, a prominent professor at the University of Tehran and political pundit. The verdict is related to his role in sharing news regarding serial poison attacks on schools. |publisher= Human Rights Activist News Agency (HRANA) |access-date= 2023-07-15}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚ ==
*''ᱦᱟᱣ ᱰᱤᱰ ᱣᱤ ᱵᱤᱠᱟᱢ ᱦᱣᱟᱴ ᱣᱤ ᱟᱨ?''
* {{cite book |last=  |first=  |author-link= ᱥᱟᱫᱮᱜᱷ ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ |date= 2009 |title= ᱦᱟᱥᱮᱢᱤ ᱵᱮᱫᱩᱱ-ᱤ ᱨᱩᱛᱩᱥ |location= |publisher= |pages= 326 |isbn= 978-9-643-34273-9}}&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/409936/Ayatollah-Hashemi-man-of-politics-man-of-letters|title = Ayatollah Hashemi: Man of politics, man of letters|date = 10 January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
*''ᱥᱳᱵᱷᱮᱱᱤᱨ ᱯᱷᱚᱴᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱥ ᱣᱤᱛᱷ ᱥᱤᱵᱷᱤᱞ ᱥᱳᱥᱟᱭᱴᱤ''
* {{cite book |last=  |first=  |author-link= ᱥᱟᱫᱮᱜᱷ ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ |date= 2022 |title= ᱥᱟᱦ ᱰᱤᱰ ᱱᱚᱴ ᱢᱟᱨᱰᱟᱨ |location= |publisher= |pages= 326 |isbn= 978-1-595-84755-3}}
*''ᱮᱱ ᱤᱱᱴᱨᱚᱰᱟᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱴᱩ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱨᱮᱵᱷᱚᱞᱩᱥᱚᱱ''
* {{cite book |last= |first= |author-link=  |date= 2015 |title= ᱦᱟᱣ ᱫᱟ ᱣᱮᱥᱴ ᱵᱤᱠᱮᱢ ᱫᱟ ᱣᱮᱥᱴ |location= |publisher= ᱨᱳᱣᱡᱟᱱᱮᱦ |pages= 288 |isbn= 978-964-334-577-8}}
* {{cite book |last=  |first=  |author-link= ᱥᱟᱫᱮᱜᱷ ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ |date= 2019 |title= ᱨᱮᱡᱟ ᱥᱟᱦ |location= |publisher= |pages= 302 |isbn= 978-1-780-83763-5}}
== ᱥᱤᱨᱯᱷᱟᱹ ==
* ᱰᱚᱭᱮᱪᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱮ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱰᱚᱢ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱥᱯᱤᱪ ᱟᱣᱟᱨᱰ (᱒᱐᱑᱘)&lt;ref&gt;{{citation|title=DW Freedom of Speech Award 2018 goes to Sadegh Zibakalam|url=http://p.dw.com/p/2x42T|date=3 March 2018|access-date=15 March 2018|author1=Rahel Klein | author2=Shahram Ahadi | author3=[[Jamshid Barzegar]]|work=Deutsche Welle}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
{{Reflist}}
== ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ==
{{commons}}
* [http://www.zibakalam.com ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱣᱮᱵᱽᱥᱟᱭᱤᱴ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204115154/http://www.zibakalam.com/ |date=4 December 2020 }}
* [https://www.theguardian.com/world/iran-blog/2015/jul/15/iran-sadegh-zibakalam-says-anti-americanism-dead-interview ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟ ᱜᱟᱨᱰᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱮᱜᱷ ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱵᱷᱤᱭᱩ]
* [https://www.thriftbooks.com/a/sadegh-zibakalam/4044538/ ᱥᱟᱫᱮᱜᱷ ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚ]
* [https://journalismisnotacrime.com/en/wall/sadeghzibakalam/ ᱥᱟᱫᱮᱜᱷ ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ]
* [https://www.mei.edu/profile/sadegh-zibakalam ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱞ ᱤᱥᱴ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱴᱤᱭᱩᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱫᱮᱜᱷ ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱷᱟᱭᱤᱞ]
* [https://iranhumanrights.org/tag/sadegh-zibakalam/ ᱴᱮᱜᱽ: ᱥᱟᱫᱮᱜᱷ ᱡᱤᱵᱟᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ] ᱮᱴ [[ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱟᱱᱡᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱵᱨᱟᱰᱯᱷᱚᱨᱰ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱟᱡᱟᱫᱽ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ, ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱨᱟᱞ ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱪᱟᱸᱜᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱔᱘ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱸᱰᱤᱛ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱦᱟᱰᱟᱨᱥᱯᱷᱤᱞᱰ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱟᱞᱚᱪᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱭᱩᱱᱟᱭᱴᱮᱰ ᱠᱤᱝᱰᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱡᱤᱦᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱱᱤᱭᱳᱞᱤᱵᱟᱨᱮᱞᱤᱡᱚᱢ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱟᱞᱤᱱᱟᱜᱷᱤ ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-20T00:53:09Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="19889" sha1="ta9v1dcnc0az22z35cea78cnsnxuetd" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ (᱑᱙᱒᱙–᱒᱐᱑᱙)}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| image           = Alinaghi Alikhani on BBC Persian (cropped).png
| image_size      =
| caption         = 
| office2         = ᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱨᱥ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ
| prime_minister2 = [[ᱟᱥᱟᱫᱚᱞᱞᱟᱦ ᱟᱞᱟᱢ]]
| predecessor2    = 
| successor2      = 
| term_start2     = ᱑᱙᱖᱓
| term_end2       = ᱑᱙᱖᱓
| office1         = ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ
| prime_minister1 = {{ubl|[[ᱟᱥᱟᱫᱚᱞᱞᱟᱦ ᱟᱞᱟᱢ]] | [[ᱦᱟᱥᱟᱱ ᱟᱞᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱥᱩᱨ]] |[[ᱟᱢᱤᱨ ᱟᱵᱽᱵᱟᱥ ᱦᱳᱵᱷᱮᱭᱫᱟ]]}}
| predecessor1    = ''ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ''
| successor1      = [[ᱦᱩᱥᱟᱝ ᱟᱱᱥᱟᱨᱤ]]
| term_start1     = ᱑᱙ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱖᱓
| term_end1       = ᱑᱙ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱖᱙
| office          = ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱱᱥᱮᱞᱚᱨ
| prime_minister  = 
| predecessor     = [[ᱯᱷᱟᱡᱽᱞᱳᱞᱞᱟᱦ ᱨᱮᱡᱟ]]
| successor       = [[ᱦᱳᱣᱪᱟᱝ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱵᱷᱟᱱᱫᱤ]]
| term_start      = ᱑᱙᱖᱙
| term_end        = ᱑᱙᱗᱑
| birth_date      = ᱒᱑ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱒᱙
| birth_place     = ᱠᱷᱟᱢᱥᱮᱦ, [[ᱡᱟᱱᱡᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]], [[ᱯᱟᱦᱞᱟᱵᱷᱤ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ|ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱤᱢᱯᱮᱨᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱥᱴᱮᱴ]]
| death_date      = {{death date and age|2019|6|25|1929|1|29|df=y}}
| death_place     = 
| resting_place   = 
| alma_mater      = {{ubl|[[ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] | ᱯᱮᱨᱤᱥ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ}}
| spouse          = 
| parents         = ᱟᱵᱮᱫᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ (ᱵᱟᱵᱟ)
| children        = ᱔ 
}}
'''ᱟᱞᱤᱱᱟᱜᱷᱤ ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ''' ({{langx|fa|علینقی عالیخانی}}&amp;lrm;; ᱒᱑ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱒᱙ – ᱒᱕ ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱙) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱖᱐ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱱᱥᱮᱞᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟᱭ ᱾

== ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ==
ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱑ ᱡᱟᱱᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱒᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱟᱢᱥᱮᱦ, ᱡᱟᱱᱡᱟᱱ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref name=M08&gt;{{cite book|author=Abbas Milani|year=2008
|title=Eminent Persians: The Men and Women who Made Modern Iran, 1941-1979|page=57|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ixU33FaG_dgC&amp;pg=PA56
|volume=1-2|publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]]|isbn=978-0-8156-0907-0|location=Syracuse, NY|author-link=Abbas Milani}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱵᱟ, ᱟᱵᱮᱫᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱡᱟᱠᱷ ᱯᱮᱴᱤ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥᱟᱨ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ,&lt;ref name=opars&gt;{{cite web|title=Iran Oral and Visual History Project Vol 4; Economic and Security: The Memoirs of Ali Naghi Alikhani|url=https://www.oparsbooks.com/product/iran-oral-and-visual-history-project-vol-4-economic-and-security-the-memoirs-of-ali-naghi-alikhani/|publisher=Opars Books|access-date=3 August 2021|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210616161230/https://www.oparsbooks.com/product/iran-oral-and-visual-history-project-vol-4-economic-and-security-the-memoirs-of-ali-naghi-alikhani/}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱡᱟ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱷᱟᱢᱥᱮᱦ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱯᱩᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱮᱰᱢᱤᱱᱤᱥᱴᱨᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref name=M08/&gt; ᱩᱱᱠᱩᱣᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱟᱨᱚᱸᱡᱽ ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ, ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱟᱢᱤᱱ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱦᱟᱨᱟᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=M08/&gt;

᱑᱙᱔᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ (ᱞᱚ) ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱪᱮᱞᱚᱨ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱜᱨᱮᱡᱩᱭᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref name=M08/&gt; ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱢᱭᱩᱱᱤᱡᱚᱢ-ᱵᱤᱨᱳᱫᱷᱤ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱦᱮᱫ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=M08/&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱱᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱚᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱵᱤᱡᱱᱮᱥ ᱮᱰᱢᱤᱱᱤᱥᱴᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=opars/&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱯᱮᱨᱤᱥ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱤᱮᱪᱰᱤ ᱰᱤᱜᱽᱨᱤ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=M08/&gt;&lt;ref name=ehsanee&gt;{{cite thesis|author=Ehsanee Ian Sadr|title=To whisper in the king's ear: Economists in Pahlavi and Islamic Iran|id={{ProQuest|1432765052}}|location=[[University of Maryland, College Park]]|page=75
|degree=PhD|year=2013|url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1432765052}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱮᱥᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱞᱯᱚ ᱵᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱮᱢ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=ra18/&gt; ᱯᱮᱨᱤᱥ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱵᱷᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱚᱫᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱚᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱯᱚᱡᱽ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱮ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=M08/&gt;

== ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨ ==
[[File:Ghassem Rezai Mansoor.jpg|thumb|right|ᱟᱞᱤᱱᱟᱜᱷᱤ ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ (ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱲ, ᱮᱠᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱸᱜᱟ ᱥᱮᱫ) ᱗ ᱢᱟᱨᱪ ᱑᱙᱖᱔ ᱨᱮ [[ᱦᱟᱥᱟᱱ ᱟᱞᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱥᱩᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ|ᱢᱟᱱᱥᱩᱨ ᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱵᱤᱱᱮᱴ]] ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱩᱰᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱩᱱ ᱨᱮ]]
ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱑᱙᱕᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱮ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ&lt;ref name=grezaa/&gt; ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱵᱷᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱮᱱᱟᱞᱟᱭᱥᱤᱥ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱨᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱮᱦᱚᱵ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=M08/&gt;&lt;ref name=ehsanee/&gt; ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱡᱟᱹᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱩᱱᱩᱢ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱮᱫᱼᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱴᱨᱮᱰ ᱪᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱠᱚᱱᱥᱟᱞᱴᱮᱱᱴ ᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=opars/&gt; ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱖᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱨᱥ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref name=haru&gt;{{cite web|title=Interview with Alikhani, Ali Naghi: Tape 07
|url=https://curiosity.lib.harvard.edu/iranian-oral-history-project/catalog/32-alikhani__ali-naghi07|publisher=[[Harvard University]]|access-date=3 August 2021|format=Project material}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱑᱙ ᱯᱷᱮᱵᱽᱨᱩᱣᱟᱨᱤ ᱑᱙᱖᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=ra18&gt;{{cite book|author=Ramin Nassehi|editor=Roham Alvandi|title=The Age of Aryamer: Late Pahlavi Iran and Its Global Entanglements|publisher=Gingko|location=London|isbn=9781909942196|doi=10.2307/j.ctv7tq4nd.5|chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv7tq4nd.5
|chapter=Domesticating Cold War Economic Ideas: The Rise of Iranian Developmentalism in the 1950s and 1960s|year=2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱛᱮᱫᱚ, ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱰᱚᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱨᱥ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱟᱞᱚᱭ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱫᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱫ ᱾&lt;ref name=ehsanee/&gt; ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱮᱵᱤᱱᱮᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱟᱥᱟᱫᱚᱞᱞᱟᱦ ᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|title=Chronology September 16, 1962-March 15, 1963|journal=[[The Middle East Journal]]|date=Winter–Spring 1963|volume=17|issue=1–2
|page=113|jstor=4323557}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱝᱜᱤᱨ ᱛᱟᱯᱷᱟᱡᱳᱞᱤ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱥᱩᱯᱟᱨᱤᱥ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=grezaa&gt;{{cite book
|author=Gholam Reza Afkhami|title=The Life and Times of the Shah|publisher=[[University of California Press]]|year=2009|isbn=978-0-520-94216-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pTVSPmyvtkAC&amp;pg=PA317|author-link=Gholam Reza Afkhami|page=317|location=Berkeley, CA}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱚᱫᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱚᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱᱤᱡᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱵᱷᱮᱴ ᱥᱮᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱢᱳᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱥᱚᱢᱚᱨᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=ra18/&gt; ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱜᱷᱚᱴᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱔ ᱚᱠᱴᱚᱵᱚᱨ ᱑᱙᱖᱓ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱨᱟᱥᱮᱞᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱠᱚᱱᱚᱢᱤᱠ ᱠᱚᱢᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱨᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱮᱜᱽᱨᱤᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱦᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|title=Commercial Agreement between European Economic Community and the Imperial Government of Iran|journal=International Legal Materials|volume=3|issue=1|year=1964|doi=10.1017/s0020782900055911| pages=63–64}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ, ᱦᱟᱥᱟᱱ ᱟᱞᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱥᱩᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱢᱤᱨ ᱟᱵᱽᱵᱟᱥ ᱦᱳᱵᱷᱮᱭᱫᱟ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢᱟᱜ ᱠᱮᱵᱤᱱᱮᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱯᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=bbc/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|title=Chronology December 16, 1963 - March 15, 1964|journal=The Middle East Journal
|year=1964|volume=18|issue=2|page=218|jstor=4323704}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱛᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ, ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱦ, ᱢᱚᱦᱚᱢᱢᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱡᱟ ᱯᱟᱦᱞᱟᱵᱷᱤ, ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱟᱭᱳ ᱵᱚᱭᱦᱟ ᱜᱷᱳᱞᱟᱢ ᱨᱮᱡᱟ ᱯᱟᱦᱞᱟᱵᱷᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱤᱣᱨᱳᱯᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱚᱫᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱵᱮ-ᱟᱹᱱᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮᱭ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱚᱪᱚ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=nasr&gt;{{cite journal|author=Vali Nasr|title=Politics within the Late-Pahlavi State: The Ministry of Economy and Industrial Policy, 1963-69
|volume=32|journal=[[International Journal of Middle East Studies]]|date=February 2000|issue=1|jstor=259537|doi=10.1017/S0020743800021061
|s2cid=154803890|pages=105, 108}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱑᱙ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ ᱑᱙᱖᱙ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱚᱯᱷᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱛᱤᱱ ᱡᱚᱦᱚᱜ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱤᱥᱛᱤᱯᱷᱟ ᱮᱢ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=nasr/&gt;&lt;ref name=chro69&gt;{{cite journal|title=Chronology May 16, 1969-August 15, 1969|journal=The Middle East Journal|year=1969|volume=23|issue=4|page=512|jstor=4324514
}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱥᱟᱝ ᱟᱱᱥᱟᱨᱤ ᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=nasr/&gt;&lt;ref name=chro69/&gt; ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱤᱥᱛᱤᱯᱷᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱚᱠᱠᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱮᱜᱩᱞᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book
|page=193|year=2008|author=Fakhreddin Azimi|title=The Quest for Democracy in Iran: A Century of Struggle against Authoritarian Rule|publisher=[[Harvard University Press]]|location=Cambridge, MA; London|isbn=978-0-674-02778-7|author-link=Fakhreddin Azimi}}&lt;/ref&gt;

ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱯᱚᱫᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱪᱟᱱᱥᱮᱞᱚᱨ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱑᱙᱖᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱦᱟᱞ ᱞᱮᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref name=haru/&gt;&lt;ref name=mehr&gt;{{cite book
|author=Mehrzad Boroujerdi|editor=Ramin Jahanbegloo|title=Mapping the Role of Intellectuals in Iranian Modern and Contemporary History
|year=2020|publisher=Lexington Books|location=London|isbn=978-1-7936-0007-3|editor-link=Ramin Jahanbegloo|page=120|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8KgJEAAAQBAJ|chapter=Rethinking the Legacy of Intellectual-Statesmen in Iran}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱑᱙᱗᱑ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱫᱽ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=haru/&gt;&lt;ref name=mehr/&gt; ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱴᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱮᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=opars/&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱨᱤᱱᱥᱮᱥ ᱟᱥᱨᱟᱯᱷ ᱯᱟᱦᱞᱟᱵᱷᱤ ᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱭᱩᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱣᱮᱞᱯᱷᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱭᱟᱞ ᱚᱨᱜᱟᱱᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱵᱳᱨᱰ ᱢᱮᱢᱵᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Ashraf Pahlavi|url=http://www.iichs.org/index_en.asp?id=1419&amp;img_cat=90&amp;img_type=0|publisher=IICHS|access-date=4 March 2023|archive-date=28 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241228013707/http://www.iichs.org/index_en.asp?id=1419&amp;img_cat=90&amp;img_type=0|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚ ===
ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ''ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱦ ᱮᱱᱰ ᱟᱭᱤ: ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱱᱯᱷᱤᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱭᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱥ ᱨᱚᱭᱟᱞ ᱠᱳᱨᱴ, ᱑᱙᱖᱘-᱗᱗'' ᱟᱨ ''ᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱤᱡᱽ'' ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|author=Bahman Amini|title=Book review|journal=[[Middle Eastern Studies (journal)|Middle Eastern Studies]]|issue=1
|date=January 1993|volume=29|jstor=4283547}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|author=Ali Gheissari|title=Authorial Voices and the Sense of an Ending in Persian Diaries: Notes on Eʿtemād al-Saltaneh and ʿAlam|journal=Iranian Studies|year=2016|volume=49|issue=4|page=696|s2cid=163444354
|doi=10.1080/00210862.2016.1142285|author-link=Ali Gheissari}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱱᱤᱡᱮᱨᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱩᱨ ==
ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱜᱨᱮᱡᱩᱭᱮᱴ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱱᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱤᱡ ᱦᱤᱡᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱩ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱨᱮᱸᱪ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱧᱟᱯᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=M08/&gt; ᱩᱱᱠᱤᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱩᱱᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱤᱫᱽᱨᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱩᱲᱤ ᱾&lt;ref name=M08/&gt;

᱑᱙᱗᱙ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱵᱷᱳᱞᱩᱥᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱜᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱲᱦᱮ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=M08/&gt; ᱟᱞᱤᱠᱷᱟᱱᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡ ᱵᱟᱹᱦᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱣᱟᱥᱤᱝᱴᱚᱱ ᱰᱤ.ᱥᱤ. ᱨᱮᱠᱚ ᱵᱟᱥᱟ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=M08/&gt; ᱡᱩᱱ ᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚᱭ ᱜᱩᱨ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=bbc&gt;{{cite news|author=Hamid Kayhan|work=[[BBC]]
|title=علینقی عالیخانی، وزیر اقتصاد هویدا، علم و منصور درگذشت رادیو|url=https://www.bbc.com/persian/business-48763000|access-date=3 August 2021
|language=fa|date=25 June 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
{{Reflist}}

== ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ==
*{{Commons-inline}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱒᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱒᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱒᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱒᱐ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱒᱑ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱒᱙ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱒᱐᱑᱙ ᱜᱩᱨ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱢᱚᱱᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱨᱤᱵᱷᱳᱞᱩᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱪᱟᱱᱥᱮᱞᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤ ᱠᱚᱢᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱴ-ᱵᱤᱨᱳᱫᱷᱤ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱵᱷᱟᱠ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱮᱨᱤᱥ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱯᱟᱹᱴᱷᱩᱣᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
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    <title>ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱱ ᱮᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱤᱢᱡᱟᱫᱮᱦ-ᱯᱮᱡᱮᱥᱠᱤ</title>
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{{Infobox person
| name               = ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱱ ᱮᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱤᱢᱡᱟᱫᱮᱦ-ᱯᱮᱡᱮᱥᱠᱤ
| native_name        = شاهین ابراهیم زاده پزشکی
| native_name_lang   = fa
| other_names        = ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱱ ᱯᱮᱡᱮᱥᱠᱤ,
 ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱱ ᱯᱮᱡᱮᱥᱠᱤ
| birth_date         = ᱮ. ᱑᱙᱕᱘ ᱥᱟᱞ
| birth_place        = [[ᱢᱟᱥᱦᱟᱫᱽ]], [[ᱨᱟᱡᱟᱵᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱳᱨᱟᱥᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]], [[ᱤᱨᱟᱱ]]
| occupation         = ᱱᱤᱰᱞᱣᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ, ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱴᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱟᱠᱟᱨ, ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱴᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ, ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱴᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱥᱴᱭᱩᱢ ᱨᱤᱥᱟᱨᱪᱟᱨ, ᱠᱭᱩᱨᱮᱴᱚᱨ, ᱮᱰᱩᱠᱮᱴᱚᱨ, ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱵᱤᱵᱷᱟᱜᱽ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ, ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ
}}
'''ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱱ ᱮᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱤᱢᱡᱟᱫᱮᱦ-ᱯᱮᱡᱮᱥᱠᱤ''' ({{Langx|fa|شاهین ابراهیم زاده پزشکی}}; ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱮ. ᱑᱙᱕᱘), ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱴᱟᱭᱤᱞ [[ᱟᱨᱴ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ]], [[ᱱᱤᱰᱞᱣᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ|ᱱᱤᱰᱞᱣᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱴᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱟᱠᱟᱨ, ᱨᱤᱥᱟᱨᱪᱟᱨ, ᱠᱭᱩᱨᱮᱴᱚᱨ, ᱮᱰᱩᱠᱮᱴᱚᱨ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱚᱞᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Malgapu |first=Hans |date=2017-10-19 |title=UST showcases Iranian artist's ethnic dresses - |url=https://www.ust.edu.ph/ust-showcases-iranian-artists-ethnic-dresses/ |access-date=2023-02-21 |language=en-US|website=[[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱳ ᱴᱳᱢᱟᱥ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] (UST)}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;UP Asian Center-2017&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;IBNA-2010&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last= |date=2010-06-10 |title=پاسداري از ميراث و گنجينه گرانبهاي صنايع دستي در منابع مكتوب {{!}} ایبنا |trans-title=Protecting the heritage and precious treasure of handicrafts in written sources |url=https://www.ibna.ir/fa/report/72143/پاسداري-ميراث-گنجينه-گرانبهاي-صنايع-دستي-منابع-مكتوب |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=خبرگزاری کتاب ايران (IBNA) |language=fa}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤ ᱴᱨᱟᱰᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱥᱴᱭᱩᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱫᱤᱵᱟᱹᱥᱤ ᱠᱚᱥᱴᱭᱩᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Honar Online&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=Iran's tribal costumes on display in Tehran |url=https://www.honaronline.ir/Section-fashion-7/169852-iran-tribal-costumes-on-display-in-tehran |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=Honar Online |language=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2017-10-13 |title=Philippines Asian Center displays traditional Iranian costumes |url=https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/417541/Philippines-Asian-Center-displays-traditional-Iranian-costumes |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=[[ᱛᱮᱦᱨᱟᱱ ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱢᱥ]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ [[ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱟᱠᱟᱞᱴᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Palapar-2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |last=Palapar |first=Kathleen Therese A. |date=October 25, 2017 |title=Iranian fashion designer flaunts traditional dresses |url=https://varsitarian.net/circle/20171025/iranian-fashion-designer-flaunts-traditional-dresses |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=Varsitarian |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221062452/https://varsitarian.net/circle/20171025/iranian-fashion-designer-flaunts-traditional-dresses |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
== ᱡᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱛᱷᱟ ==
ᱥᱟᱦᱤᱱ ᱮᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱤᱢᱡᱟᱫᱮᱦ-ᱯᱮᱡᱮᱥᱠᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱕᱘ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱢᱟᱥᱦᱟᱫᱽ]], [[ᱨᱟᱡᱟᱵᱷᱤ ᱠᱷᱳᱨᱟᱥᱟᱱ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ]] ᱨᱮᱭ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱮᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱤᱢᱡᱟᱫᱮᱦ-ᱯᱮᱡᱮᱥᱠᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱡᱽ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ, [[ᱠᱟᱨᱟᱡᱽ]], ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱴᱨᱟᱰᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱜᱟᱨᱢᱮᱱᱴᱥ ᱯᱷᱟᱠᱟᱞᱴᱤ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱰᱤᱱ (ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ) ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Palapar-2017&quot; /&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱰᱩᱠᱮᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱳ ᱟᱨ ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱵᱷᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱚᱠᱩᱢᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱢ ᱨᱮᱦᱚᱸᱭ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱴᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱟᱠᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱤᱰᱞᱣᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱤᱠ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱠᱟ [[ᱥᱟᱨᱢᱮᱦ ᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱭᱰᱟᱨᱤ]], ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱤᱞᱠ ᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱭᱰᱟᱨᱤ, ᱟᱨ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱢᱚᱴᱤᱯᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱞᱟᱭ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱛᱟᱦᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;UP Asian Center-2017&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |date=September 29, 2017 |title=Colors of Diversity: The Ethnic Dresses of Iran |url=https://ac.upd.edu.ph/index.php/news-announcements/1000-colors-diversity-ethnic-dresses-iran-exhibit-lecture |website=[[ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱤᱯᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] (UP), UP Asian Center}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2002-09-08 |title=درمقاله‌ي شهين پزشكي عنوان شده است: زوال هر يك از شاخه‌هاي هنر سنتي ايران به منزله‌ي از خود بيگانه شدن با هويت ديرينه‌ي خود است |url=https://www.isna.ir/news/8106-03595/درمقاله-ي-شهين-پزشكي-عنوان-شده-است-زوال-هر-يك-از-شاخه-هاي-هنر |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=ᱤᱥᱱᱟ (ISNA) |language=fa}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2002-08-30 |title=به بهانه‌ي برپايي نمايشگاه سوزن دوزي در موزه ملي شهين پزشكي: هنر سوزن دوزي جزيي از هنرهاي كاربردي است |url=https://www.isna.ir/news/8106-01928/به-بهانه-ي-برپايي-نمايشگاه-سوزن-دوزي-در-موزه-ملي-شهين-پزشكي |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=ᱤᱥᱱᱟ (ISNA) |language=fa}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱦᱮᱱᱰᱤᱠᱨᱟᱯᱴ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱮ ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ &quot;طرح هایی برای سوزن دوزی&quot; (ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱛᱮ: ''ᱱᱤᱰᱞᱣᱚᱨᱠ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ'') (ᱟᱱᱜᱮᱦ ᱠᱟᱞᱟᱢ ᱯᱟᱵᱽᱞᱤᱥᱤᱝ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥ, ᱒᱐᱑᱖) ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;IBNA-2010&quot; /&gt;
᱒᱐᱑᱗ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱵᱽᱨᱟᱦᱤᱢᱡᱟᱫᱮᱦ-ᱯᱮᱡᱮᱥᱠᱤ ᱫᱚ &quot;ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱨᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱰᱟᱭᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤᱴᱤ: ᱫᱤ ᱮᱛᱷᱱᱤᱠ ᱰᱨᱮᱥᱮᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ&quot; ᱮᱠᱡᱤᱵᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱮ ᱠᱭᱩᱨᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱫᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱳ ᱴᱳᱢᱟᱥ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ]] (UST), ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱨᱤᱡᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱨᱠ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱤᱯᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱰᱤᱞᱤᱢᱟᱱ]] ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱱᱰᱠᱨᱟᱯᱷᱴ ᱴᱨᱟᱰᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱯᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱭ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱫᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2017-10-29 |title=Artist feats traditional Iranian costumes |url=https://www.manilatimes.net/2017/10/29/weekly/expat-diplomats/artist-feats-traditional-iranian-costumes/359430 |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=[[ᱫᱤ ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱞᱟ ᱴᱟᱭᱤᱢᱥ]] |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=October 14, 2017 |title=Philippines Asian Center displays traditional Iranian costumes |url=https://www.iranart.news/Section-culture-5/11512-philippines-asian-center-displays-traditional-iranian-costumes |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱟᱨᱴᱥ |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; &quot;ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱨᱥ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱰᱟᱭᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤᱴᱤ&quot; ᱨᱮ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱕ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱴᱨᱟᱰᱤᱥᱚᱱᱟᱞ ᱠᱟᱯᱚᱲ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ [[ᱥᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱᱤ ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥᱤ|ᱥᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱᱤ]] ᱠᱟᱯᱚᱲ (ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ [[ᱥᱤᱥᱛᱟᱱ ᱮᱢᱵᱽᱨᱚᱭᱰᱟᱨᱤ]] ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ), [[ᱠᱩᱨᱫᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱯᱚᱲ]], ᱟᱨ [[ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱢᱮᱱᱥ|ᱛᱩᱨᱠᱢᱮᱱ]] ᱠᱟᱯᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Honar Online&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Palapar-2017&quot; /&gt; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱮᱠᱡᱤᱵᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ [[ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱤᱠ ᱨᱤᱯᱚᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠ ᱚᱯᱷ ᱤᱨᱟᱱ]]-ᱢᱟᱱᱤᱞᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱢᱵᱟᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱵᱤᱨᱫᱟᱹᱜᱟᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱴᱱᱟᱨᱥᱤᱯ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱷᱤᱞᱤᱯᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=&quot;Palapar-2017&quot; /&gt;
᱒᱐᱑᱐ ᱥᱟᱞᱮ ᱨᱮ, ᱠᱷᱳᱨᱟᱥᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱟᱵᱷᱤ ᱜᱚᱵᱷᱚᱨᱱᱚᱨᱮᱴ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱩᱱᱤ ᱫᱚ &quot;ᱠᱷᱳᱨᱟᱥᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱡᱟᱵᱷᱤ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱸᱫᱽᱨᱚᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ&quot; ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱛᱮᱠᱚ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱞᱮᱫᱮᱭᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=پژوهشگران برتر سال 90 خراسان رضوی معرفی شدند |url=http://www.farsnews.com/newstext.php?nn=13901008000235 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304221920/http://www.farsnews.com/newstext.php?nn=13901008000235 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |website=[[ᱯᱷᱟᱨᱥ ᱱᱤᱭᱩᱡᱽ]] |language=fa}}&lt;/ref&gt;
== ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ ==
{{Reflist}}
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱑᱙᱕᱘ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱤᱣᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱲ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱟᱥᱦᱟᱫᱽ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:᱒᱑ ᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱭ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱴᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱟᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱮᱠᱟᱰᱮᱢᱤᱠᱥ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱞᱟᱠᱪᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱴᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱟᱨᱴ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱭᱩᱨᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱤᱨᱟᱱᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱭᱩᱨᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱴᱮᱠᱥᱴᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱠᱚᱞᱟᱠᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱯᱩᱨ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ</title>
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    <revision>
      <id>193014</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-20T09:28:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>3665</id>
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      <text bytes="16881" sha1="pj5tjjzzyh5ffzwgd536ckmwziwi1ku" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱯᱩᱨ
| other_name              = 
| nickname                = 
| settlement_type         = ᱟᱹᱛᱩ
| image_skyline           = 
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = 
| pushpin_map             = India West Bengal#India
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ
| coordinates             = {{coord|23.6287|N|87.4078|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type        = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ     
| subdivision_name        = {{flag|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ}}
| subdivision_type1       = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]]
| subdivision_type2       = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ|ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ]]
| established_title       = &lt;!-- ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ --&gt;
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| named_for               = 
| government_type         = 
| governing_body          = 
| unit_pref               = Metric
| area_footnotes          = 
| area_rank               = 
| area_total_km2          = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| population_total        = ᱑᱙᱕᱓
| population_as_of        = ᱒᱐᱑᱑
| population_rank         = 
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_footnotes    = 
| demographics_type1      = ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ*
| demographics1_title1    = ᱥᱚᱨᱠᱟᱨᱤ
| demographics1_info1     = [[ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]], [[ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ|ᱤᱝᱞᱤᱥ]]
| timezone1               = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1             = +᱐᱕:᱓᱐
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code             = ᱗᱑᱓᱒᱑᱒ 
| area_code_type          = ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱳᱰ
| area_code               = ᱙᱑ ᱓᱔᱑
| registration_plate      = 
| blank1_name_sec1        = [[ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ
| blank1_info_sec1        = [[ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱟᱥᱟᱱᱥᱳᱞ]]
| blank2_name_sec1        = [[ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ
| blank2_info_sec1        = [[ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱟᱵᱷᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱯᱟᱱᱰᱟᱵᱷᱮᱥᱣᱚᱨ]]
| website                 = {{URL|pascimbardhaman.co.in/}}
| footnotes               = 
}}
'''ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱯᱩᱨ''' ᱫᱚ [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ]] [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱩᱨᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱚᱨᱤᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱫᱩᱨᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ [[ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱥᱤᱰᱤ ᱵᱞᱚᱠ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱚᱛᱱᱚᱜ==
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|mark-coord1= {{coord|23|31|34|N|87|22|24|E}} | label-pos1=left|label1=  Arra| numbered1=CT| mark-title1= [[ᱟᱲᱟ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ|ᱟᱲᱟ]] (CT)|label-color1=#800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1= #A40000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2
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|mark-coord4={{coord|23|27|58|N|87|23|0|E}} | label-pos4=right|label4= Amlajora| numbered4=CT| mark-title4=[[ᱟᱢᱞᱟᱡᱳᱨᱟ]] (CT)
|mark-coord5={{coord|23|27|40|N|87|27|45|E}} | label-pos5=right|label5= Kanksa| numbered5=CT| mark-title5=[[ᱠᱟᱱᱠᱥᱟ]] (CT)
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|mark-coord7={{coord|23|26|57|N|87|26|52|E}} | label-pos7=left|label7= Prayagpur| numbered7=CT| mark-title7= [[ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱟᱜᱽᱯᱩᱨ]] (CT)
|mark-coord8={{coord|23|39|18|N|87|12|28|E}} | label-pos8=right|label8= Siduli| numbered8=CT| mark-title8=ᱥᱤᱫᱩᱞᱤ (CT)
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|mark-coord14={{coord|23|36|16|N|87|10|45|E}} | label-pos14=right|label14= Harishpur| numbered14=CT| mark-title14=[[ᱦᱟᱨᱤᱥᱯᱩᱨ]] (CT)
|mark-coord15={{coord|23|35|50|N|87|9|47|E}} | label-pos15=right|label15= Palashban| numbered15=CT| mark-title15=[[ᱯᱟᱞᱟᱥᱵᱚᱱ]] (CT)
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|mark-coord20={{coord|23|27|7|N|87|28|6|E}} | label-pos20=right| label20= Panagarh | numbered20=R| mark-title20=[[ᱯᱟᱱᱟᱜᱟᱲ]] (R)|shape-color20=#C42222
|mark-coord21={{coord|23|28|41|N|87|23|34|E}} | label-pos21=left| label21= Rajbandh | numbered21=R| mark-title21=[[ᱨᱟᱡᱽᱵᱟᱸᱫᱷ]] (R)|shape-color21=#C42222
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|mark-coord23={{coord|23.619389|87.244333}}| label23= Kazi Nazrul|labela23= Islam Airport| label-color23 = #C42222 | label-angle23=0| label-pos23=top| label-size23=10| mark-size23=12|numbered23= A| mark-title23 = [[ᱠᱟᱡᱤ ᱱᱟᱡᱽᱨᱩᱞ ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]]| shape-color23=#C42222
|mark-coord24={{coord|23.474444|87.4275}}| label24= Panagarh Airport| label-color24 = #C42222 | label-angle24=0| label-pos24=top| label-size24=10| mark-size24=12| numbered24=A|mark-title24 =[[ᱯᱟᱱᱟᱜᱟᱲ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱰᱟᱹᱦᱤ]]| shape-color24=#C42222
|mark-coord25={{coord|23.4754|87.3023}}| label25= Durgapur|labela25= Barrage| label-color25 = #C42222 | label-angle25=0| label-pos25=right| label-size25=10| mark-size25=12| numbered25=B|mark-title25 =[[ᱫᱩᱨᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱵᱟᱸᱫᱷ]]| shape-color25=#C42222
|mark-coord26={{coord|23.5648|87.2367}}| label26= Durgapur|labela26= Steel |labelb26 =Plant| label-color26 = #C42222 | label-angle26=0| label-pos26=bottom| label-size26=10| mark-size26=0| mark-title26 =none
|mark-coord27={{coord|23.5386|87.2693}}| label27= Alloy|labela27= Steels |labelb27 =Plant| label-color27 = #C42222 | label-angle27=0| label-pos27=bottom| label-size27=10| mark-size27=0| mark-title27 =none
|mark-coord28={{coord|23.5186|87.2983}}| label28= Durgapur|labela28= Projects |labelb28 =Limited| label-color28 = #C42222 | label-angle28=0| label-pos28=bottom| label-size28=10| mark-size28=0| mark-title28 =none
|mark-coord29={{coord|23.6374|87.4243}}| label29=Ajay River| label-color29 = #77A1CB| label-angle29=47| label-pos29=top| label-size29=10| mark-size29=0| mark-title29 =none
|mark-coord30={{coord|23.4984|87.2623}}| label30=Damodar River| label-color30 = #77A1CB| label-angle30=40| label-pos30=top| label-size30=10| mark-size30=0| mark-title30 =none
|mark-coord31={{coord|23|36|29|N|87|27|13|E}} | label-pos31=top|label31=Gourangapur| numbered31=H| mark-title31= [[ᱜᱚᱣᱨᱟᱝᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ]] (H)| shape-color31=#AA6666
|mark-coord32={{coord|23|36|0|N|87|29|19|E}} | label-pos32=left| label32= Bankati | numbered32=R| mark-title32=[[ᱵᱟᱱᱠᱟᱴᱤ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] (R)|shape-color32=#C42222
|mark-coord33={{coord|23|33|51|N|87|24|6|E}} | label-pos33=left| label33= Malandighi | numbered33=R| mark-title33=[[ᱢᱟᱞᱟᱱᱰᱤᱜᱷᱤ]] (R)|shape-color33=#C42222
|mark-coord34={{coord|23|37|43|N|87|24|28|E}} | label-pos34=left| label34= Sibpur | numbered34=R| mark-title34=[[ᱥᱤᱵᱽ, ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ]] (R)|shape-color34=#C42222
|mark-coord35={{coord|23|36|22|N|87|25|46|E}} | label-pos35=left| label35= Garh Jungle | numbered35=H| mark-title35=[[ᱜᱟᱲ ᱡᱚᱝᱜᱚᱞ]] (H)|shape-color35=#AA6666}}

===ᱥᱚᱦᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ===
᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱫᱩᱨᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱗᱙.᱒᱒% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱒᱐.᱗᱘% ᱦᱚᱲ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱮᱦᱟᱛ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱫᱩᱨᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱰᱤᱵᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ [[ᱫᱩᱨᱜᱟᱯᱩᱨ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱢᱭᱩᱱᱤᱥᱤᱯᱟᱞ ᱠᱚᱨᱯᱚᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱓᱘ (+᱑ ᱯᱟᱨᱴᱤᱠᱟᱞ) ᱥᱮᱱᱥᱚᱥ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Burdwan |work = Table 2.2, 2.4(a) | publisher= Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | accessdate = 15 September 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===ᱴᱷᱟᱶ===
ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱫᱚ {{coord|23.6287|N|87.4078|E|}} ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

==ᱰᱮᱢᱚᱜᱨᱟᱯᱷᱤᱠ==
ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱙᱕᱓ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱢᱩᱸᱫᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱙᱙᱙ (᱕᱑%) ᱠᱚᱲᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱙᱕᱔ (᱔᱙%) ᱛᱤᱨᱞᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱐ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱮᱞ ᱑᱐᱙ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱞᱚᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱑,᱘᱔᱔ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ (᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱷᱮᱨ ᱦᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱗᱑.᱒᱖%) ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref name=census3-2011&gt;{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/pcadata/Houselisting-housing-WB.html  |title = 2011 Census – Primary Census Abstract Data Tables | work= West Bengal – District-wise  |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India  | accessdate = 15 June 2020 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

&lt;small&gt;*ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱫᱽ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ, [[ᱠᱚᱸᱠᱥᱟ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ|ᱠᱚᱸᱠᱥᱟ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱟ ᱩᱛᱱᱟᱹᱣ ᱵᱚᱱᱚᱛ#ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ]] ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ&lt;/small&gt;

==ᱥᱟᱜᱟᱲᱚᱢ==
ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱚᱡᱚᱭ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱵᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱡᱚᱭᱫᱮᱵᱽ ᱠᱮᱱᱫᱩᱞᱤ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = https://news.webindia123.com/news/Articles/India/20171004/3196972.html | title = New bridges to be built over Ganga and Ajay | publisher = WebIndia 123 | accessdate = 17 June 2020 | archive-date = 17 June 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200617085729/https://news.webindia123.com/news/Articles/India/20171004/3196972.html | url-status = dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = http://aitcofficial.org/aitc/new-bridges-to-be-constructed-over-ganga-and-ajay/ | title = New bridges to be built over Ganga and Ajay| publisher = All India Trinamool Congress  |accessdate =  17 June 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱚᱦᱚᱲ ᱥᱤᱡᱚᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱛᱩᱞᱩᱡ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

==ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ==
ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱡᱩᱱᱤᱭᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱭ ᱤᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱒᱐᱑᱐ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤ-ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱢᱮᱰᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱪᱭᱩᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱕ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱘ ᱪᱟᱱᱚᱪ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url = https://schools.org.in/barddhaman/19091508609/shibpur-jr-high-school.html | title = Shibpur Jr High School | publisher = Schools.org.in |accessdate =  14 June 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;


ᱡᱟᱢᱫᱟᱦᱟ ᱦᱟᱭ ᱥᱠᱩᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱑᱙᱘᱒ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱝᱜᱚᱞᱤ-ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱭᱟᱢ ᱠᱳᱡᱮᱰᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱤᱪᱭᱩᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮᱞ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱱᱚᱪ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱤᱡ ᱥᱮᱪᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱥᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱓᱐᱗ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱮᱞᱚᱸᱰ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web | url =  https://schools.org.in/barddhaman/19091508206/jamdaha-high-school.html| title = Jamdaha High School| publisher =  Schools.org.in|accessdate =  14 June 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱦᱚᱲᱢᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱟᱨ==
ᱥᱤᱵᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱢᱟᱨᱤ ᱦᱮᱞᱛᱷ ᱥᱮᱱᱴᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱖ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web  | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf  | title = Health &amp; Family Welfare Department  | work = Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres  | publisher = Government of West Bengal  | accessdate = 12 May 2020  | archive-date = 21 April 2018  | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180421215645/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf  | url-status = dead  }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

{{ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱯᱟᱪᱮ ᱵᱚᱨᱫᱷᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱛᱩ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
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[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ]]
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[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱩᱛᱛᱚᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱫᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱢᱤᱨᱟᱴ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ]]</text>
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      <timestamp>2026-06-19T12:37:00Z</timestamp>
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        <id>2184</id>
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      <comment>&quot;[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ]]&quot; ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ</comment>
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      <text bytes="99" sha1="rdj0adrhsookfs4x1zg2d0smv1jqcwv" xml:space="preserve">[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱱᱚᱜᱚᱨ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>36254</id>
    <revision>
      <id>192979</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-20T03:41:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MT731</username>
        <id>2184</id>
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      <comment>&quot;[[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱚ  [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ]] [[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]] ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ...&quot; ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ</comment>
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      <text bytes="530" sha1="1uukbpzgh21x294puhjtm7f3ygscoo5" xml:space="preserve">[[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱵᱽ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱚ

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱚᱢᱯᱟᱹᱱᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]]</text>
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  <page>
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    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>36255</id>
    <revision>
      <id>192996</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-20T06:19:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MT731</username>
        <id>2184</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>&quot;'''ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ]] ᱥᱩᱨ [[ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱵᱮᱲᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟ...&quot; ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ</comment>
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      <text bytes="2151" sha1="b1j5gvc6xglf9c7e6s3476d8jc5gn2p" xml:space="preserve">'''ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ]] ᱥᱩᱨ [[ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱵᱮᱲᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱫᱚ [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱞᱤᱠ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.tatapower.com/services/power-projects.aspx |title=Tata Power :: Services :: Power Projects &amp; Related Services |access-date=26 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111031060912/http://www.tatapower.com/services/power-projects.aspx |archive-date=31 October 2011 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱫᱟᱹᱲᱮ ==
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱕᱔᱗.᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ (᱑x᱖᱗.᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ, ᱔x᱑᱒᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ) ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱫᱚ [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ]] ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{Portal|India|Energy}}
* ᱥᱚᱨᱥᱣᱟᱪ ᱨᱮ [https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Jojobera_Power_Plant_unit_5 ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱕]

{{ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱚ}}

{{coord|22.7557|86.2492|display=title}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱞᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
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      <parentid>192996</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-06-20T06:46:49Z</timestamp>
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        <username>MT731</username>
        <id>2184</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="2154" sha1="a2ugqjst54bg3c0f81v5m9qhmpk6wa4" xml:space="preserve">'''ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮ [[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ]] ᱥᱩᱨ [[ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱵᱮᱲᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱫᱚ [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://www.tatapower.com/services/power-projects.aspx |title=Tata Power :: Services :: Power Projects &amp; Related Services |access-date=26 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111031060912/http://www.tatapower.com/services/power-projects.aspx |archive-date=31 October 2011 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱫᱟᱹᱲᱮ ==
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱕᱔᱗.᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ (᱑x᱖᱗.᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ, ᱔x᱑᱒᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ) ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱫᱚ [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ]] ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{Portal|India|Energy}}
* ᱥᱚᱨᱥᱣᱟᱪ ᱨᱮ [https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Jojobera_Power_Plant_unit_5 ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱕]

{{ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱚ}}

{{coord|22.7557|86.2492|display=title}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱟᱫ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱞᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
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    <title>ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱵᱮᱲᱟ</title>
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    <revision>
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      <contributor>
        <username>MT731</username>
        <id>2184</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>&quot;{{Infobox settlement | name                            = ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱵᱮᱲᱟ | official_name                   =  | settlement_type                 = ᱯᱩᱲᱥᱤ | image_skyline           =  | image_alt               =  | image_caption           =  | pushpin_map             = India Jharkhand#India3 | pushpin_label_position  =  | pushpin_map_alt         =  | pushpin_map_caption     = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡ...&quot; ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ</comment>
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      <text bytes="4211" sha1="4vmb9dv6kmio2t91mzmiyacwbou9p0x" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱵᱮᱲᱟ
| official_name                   = 
| settlement_type                 = ᱯᱩᱲᱥᱤ
| image_skyline           = 
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = 
| pushpin_map             = India Jharkhand#India3
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ
| coordinates             = {{coord|22.7601|N|86.2407|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type                = ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ
| subdivision_name                = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_type1               = [[ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱟᱨ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱥᱟᱥᱚᱱᱮᱫ ᱮᱞᱟᱠᱟ|ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[ᱡᱷᱟᱸᱥᱤ]]
| timezone1               = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1             = +᱐᱕:᱓᱐
| postal_code_type        = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code             = ᱘᱓᱑᱐᱐᱔
| area_code_type           = ᱴᱮᱞᱤᱯᱷᱚᱱ/ᱮᱥ.ᱴᱤ.ᱰᱤ ᱠᱳᱰ
| area_code                = ᱐᱖᱕᱗
| registration_plate       = JH 05
| blank1_name_sec1         = ᱥᱤᱠᱷᱱᱟᱹᱛ
| blank1_info_sec1         = 
| blank2_name_sec1         = [[ᱞᱳᱠᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ
| blank2_info_sec1         = [[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱞᱳᱠ ᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ]]
| blank3_name_sec1         = [[ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ]] ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ
| blank3_info_sec1         = [[ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ ᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟᱱᱥᱚᱵᱷᱟ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱱᱟᱣ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ|ᱯᱚᱴᱠᱟ]]
| website                  = {{URL|jamshedpur.nic.in/}}
| footnotes                =   
}}
'''ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱵᱮᱲᱟ''' ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱥᱤᱝᱵᱷᱩᱢ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱡᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱰᱮᱯᱟᱥᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|date=2020-02-14|title=Nuvoco on a solid growth path|url=https://www.cemnet.com/News/story/168299/nuvoco-on-a-solid-growth-path.html|access-date=2020-11-10|website=International Cement Review}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱟᱰᱮ ᱯᱟᱥᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱮᱞᱠᱳ ᱠᱚᱞᱚᱱᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=|url=https://www.avenuemail.in/jamshedpur/bonus-agreement-at-nuvoco-jojobera-cement-plant-in-jamshedpur/154363/|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=}}{{dead link|date=November 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱟᱹᱨᱤ==
[[ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ]] ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱡᱚᱵᱮᱲᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Nuvoco Jojobera Employees to get 19 bonus|url=https://www.avenuemail.in/jamshedpur/nuvoco-jojobera-employees-to-get-19-bonus/137825/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200812094400/https://www.avenuemail.in/jamshedpur/nuvoco-jojobera-employees-to-get-19-bonus/137825/|archive-date=2020-08-12|access-date=|website=}}&lt;/ref&gt; ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱫᱚ [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] ᱨᱤᱱᱤᱡ ᱢᱟᱹᱞᱤᱠ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱕᱔᱗.᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ (᱑x᱖᱗.᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ, ᱔x᱑᱒᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ) ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱥᱴᱤᱞ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱭ ᱾{{fact|date=February 2023}}

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱟᱢᱥᱮᱫᱽᱯᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱰᱮᱯᱟᱥᱮ ᱠᱚ]]</text>
      <sha1>4vmb9dv6kmio2t91mzmiyacwbou9p0x</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>36257</id>
    <revision>
      <id>193029</id>
      <timestamp>2026-06-20T11:37:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MT731</username>
        <id>2184</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>&quot;{{Short description|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ}} {{Infobox power station | name                   = ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ       | name_official          =  | image                  =  | image_size             =  | image_caption          =  | image_alt              =  | location_map_size      =  | location_map_caption   =  | coordinates...&quot; ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ</comment>
      <origin>193029</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10338" sha1="mihuxm23z5g9toy0rg9gfmcpmbwd0ct" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ}}
{{Infobox power station
| name                   = ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ      
| name_official          = 
| image                  = 
| image_size             = 
| image_caption          = 
| image_alt              = 
| location_map_size      = 
| location_map_caption   = 
| coordinates            = &lt;!-- {{coord| | |region:IN_type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=inline,title}} --&gt;
| country                = ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ
| location               = [[ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]]
| owner                  = 
| status                 = ᱫᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ
| construction_began     = 
| commissioned           = 
| decommissioned         = 
| cost                   = 
| operator               = [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ]]
| th_fuel_primary        = [[ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ]]
| th_fuel_tertiary       = 
| ps_units_operational   = 2 X 525 MW
| ps_units_manu_model    = 
| th_combined_cycle      = 
| ps_electrical_capacity = ᱑᱐᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ
| ps_electrical_cap_fac  = 
| website                = 
}}'''ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱞᱤᱢᱤᱴᱮᱰ''' (ᱮᱢ.ᱯᱤ.ᱮᱞ) ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱛᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ [[ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ ᱱᱤᱜᱟᱢ]] ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱯᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱩᱫᱽᱜᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]] ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱱᱤᱨᱥᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱑᱐᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ (᱒×᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ) ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱩ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱵᱽᱠᱨᱤᱴᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱴᱮᱠᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱤᱯᱤᱯᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱱᱪᱚᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱯᱚᱵᱽᱞᱤᱠ ᱯᱨᱟᱭᱣᱮᱴ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.tatapower.com/mpl/home.aspx|title=Maithon Power Limited {{!}} Thermal Power Plants in India|website=www.tatapower.com|access-date=2016-10-27}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
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|mark-coord19={{coord|23|49|4|N|86|45|23|E}} | label-pos19=left|label19= Maithon Power Plant | numbered19=P| mark-title19= ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ |shape-color19=#967117
|mark-coord20={{coord|23|44|29|N|86|39|19|E}} | label-pos20=right|label20=Kaliasole| numbered20=R| mark-title20= [[ᱠᱟᱞᱤᱭᱟᱥᱳᱞ]] (R)|shape-20 =#C42222}}

ᱵᱤᱰᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧᱚᱛᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱞᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱞᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱛᱮ ᱑᱖ ᱢᱤᱞᱤᱭᱚᱱ ᱚᱲᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱟᱴᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱵᱷ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱪᱟᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱾{{fact|date=July 2022}}

ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱠᱤᱨᱤᱧ ᱥᱚᱦᱢᱚᱛ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ [[ᱱᱟᱶᱟ ᱫᱤᱞᱞᱤ]], [[ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ]], [[ᱯᱚᱪᱷᱤᱢ ᱵᱟᱝᱞᱟ]] ᱟᱨ [[ᱠᱮᱨᱟᱞᱟ]] ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱥᱚᱨᱥ ᱮᱢᱟᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱱᱚᱛ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱪᱟᱦᱤᱫᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱨᱚᱡᱮᱠᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱵᱟ ᱤᱱᱰᱟᱥᱴᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱦᱮᱯᱨᱟᱣ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾{{fact|date=July 2022}}

==ᱫᱟᱹᱲᱮ==
ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮ '''᱑᱐᱕᱐ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ''' ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱤᱱᱥᱴᱚᱞ ᱠᱮᱯᱟᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾{{fact|date=July 2022}}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱮᱞ !! ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱟᱹᱣ !! ᱠᱚᱢᱤᱥᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱭᱮᱱᱟ !! ᱚᱵᱚᱥᱛᱟ
|-
| U#1 || ᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ || ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱮᱯᱴᱮᱢᱵᱚᱨ || ᱫᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.tatapower.com/media-corner/pressrelease-2012/press-release-24-jul-2012.aspx|title = Tata Power}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
|-
| U#2 || ᱕᱒᱕ ᱢᱮᱜᱟᱣᱟᱴ || ᱒᱐᱑᱒ ᱡᱩᱞᱟᱭ || ᱫᱟᱹᱲ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ
|-
|}

==ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ==
{{ᱥᱟᱹᱠᱷᱭᱟᱹᱛ}}

==ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲ==
{{Portal|India|Energy}}
* ᱥᱳᱨᱥᱣᱚᱪ ᱨᱮ [http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Maithon_Right_Bank_Thermal_Power_Station ᱢᱟᱭᱛᱷᱚᱱ ᱨᱟᱭᱤᱴ ᱵᱮᱸᱠ ᱛᱷᱟᱨᱢᱟᱞ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]

{{ᱫᱟᱢᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱴᱤ}}
{{ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱚ}}

[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱭᱞᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩ ᱵᱤᱡᱽᱞᱤ ᱥᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱫᱷᱟᱱᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱦᱚᱱᱚᱛ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱴᱟᱴᱟ ᱯᱟᱣᱟᱨ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱮᱱᱟ]]
[[ᱛᱷᱚᱠ:ᱡᱷᱟᱨᱠᱷᱚᱸᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱒᱐᱑᱑ ᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱷᱟᱯᱚᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ]]</text>
      <sha1>mihuxm23z5g9toy0rg9gfmcpmbwd0ct</sha1>
    </revision>
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