ھيليوز 2اي

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      <text bytes="819" sha1="hrel5r3014yirq3nqcg7e7yjynry9my" xml:space="preserve">'''Helios 2A''' [[فرانس|فرانسيسي]] هڪ فوجي مشاهداتي [[اپگرهه]] آهي، جيڪو ڊسمبر 18، 2004ع تي [[فرانسيسي گيانا]] کان [[Ariane 5]] نالي راڪيٽ ذريعي موڪليو پولار ۾ ويو. ان جو زميني تحلل 50 سينٽي ميٽر آهي.

== خارجي ڳنڍڻا ==
* [http://news.tf1.fr/news/sciences/0,,3191568,00.html  TF1 تي پروگرام ڊائيريڪٽر جو انٽرويو]{{مئل ڳنڍڻو|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (فرانسيسيءَ ۾)
* [http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=343207  Satellite Travels Into Orbit]
* [http://www.physorg.com/news2438.html فرانس جاسُوس اپگرهه موڪليو]
{{spacecraft-stub}}

[[زمرو:Earth observation satellites]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>آمريڪا جون گڏيل رياستون</title>
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      <text bytes="66615" sha1="gjzybtrqnhqjvlah6exg8c913g956x7" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس آف آمريڪا
| common_name = يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس
| image_flag = Animated-Flag-USA.gif
| image_coat = Great Seal of the United States (obverse).svg
| symbol_type = وڏي مھر
| national_motto = &lt;div style=&quot;padding-bottom:0.5em;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;&quot;پنھنجو ڀروسو خدا تي آ&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{USC|36|302}} ''National motto''&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[#God|Dept. of Treasury, 2011]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{{collapsible list
 |title = ''{{nobold|Other traditional mottos &amp;nbsp;}} ''
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:1.15em;
 |liststyle = text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[E pluribus unum]]&quot;|italics=off}} {{small|(de facto)}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot; ڪيترن مان ھڪ&quot;}}
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[Annuit cœptis]]&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot; ھن (خدا) ئي اسان جي مدد ڪئي آ&quot;}}
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[Novus ordo seclorum]]&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot;ھر دور جي نئين ابتدا &quot;}}
}}
| national_anthem = &quot;چمڪندڙ تارن وارو بينر&quot;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;{{center|[[فائل:Star Spangled Banner instrumental.ogg]]}}
----
{{center|'''March:''' &quot;[[The Stars and Stripes Forever]]&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;national march&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=U.S. Code: Title 36, 304|work=United States Code|location=United States|publisher=Cornell Law School|url=http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode36/usc_sec_36_00000304----000-.html|date=August 12, 1998|accessdate=February 15, 2015|quote=The composition by John Philip Sousa entitled 'The Stars and Stripes Forever' is the national march.}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}&lt;br/&gt;{{center|[[فائل:The Stars and Stripes Forever - U.S. Navy Band.ogg]]}}
| image_map = USA orthographic.svg &lt;!-- consensus map, see talk page --&gt;
| map_caption = يونائٽيڊ اسٽيٽس جنھن ۾ الاسڪا ۽ ھوائي بہ شامل ڏيکاريل آهن
| alt_map = اتر آمريڪا جي کنڊ ۾ يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس سائي رنگ ۾ نمايان
| image_map2 = US insular areas SVG.svg|700px
| alt_map2 = [[يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس ۽ ان جا علائقا|علائقا]]
| map_caption2 = گڏيل آمريڪي رياستون ۽ انھن جا علائقا
| map_width = 220px
| capital = [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]]
| latd = 38
| latm = 53
| latNS = N
| longd = 77
| longm = 01
| longEW = W
| largest_city = [[نيويارڪ سٽي]]&lt;br/&gt;
{{small|{{coord|40|43|N|74|00|W|display=inline}}}}
| official_languages = وفاقي سطح تي ڪابہ سرڪاري ٻولي ناھي
| languages_type = قومي ٻولي
| languages = [[انگريزي ٻولي]]{{ref label|engfactobox|b|}}&lt;!---NOTE: Just English, don't add &quot;American English&quot;---&gt;
| official_religion = ڪوبہ نہ
| demonym = [[آمريڪن]] يا [[آمريڪي]]
| ethnic_groups = *  72.41%: گورا
*12.61% : ڪارا
*9.11%: گھڻ نسلي  
*4.75%: ايشيائي
*1.12% : ريڊ انڊين
| government_type = [[وفاقي]] [[صدارتي]] [[آئيني ريپبلڪ]]
| leader_title1 = [[صدر]]
| leader_name1 = [[ڊونالڊ ٽرمپ]]
| leader_title2 = نائب صدر
| leader_name2 = مائيڪ پينس
| leader_title3 = اسپيڪر آف ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
| leader_name3 = پائل ريئن
| leader_title4 = چيف جسٽس
| leader_name4 = جان رابرٽس
| legislature = ڪانگريس
| upper_house = سينيٽ
| lower_house = ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
| sovereignty_type = &lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
برطانيا کان آزادي &lt;/div&gt;
| established_event1 = آمريڪا جي آزادي جو پڌرنامو
| established_date1 = 4 جولاءِ، 1776ع
| established_event2 = ڪنفيڊريشن جو قيام
| established_date2 = پھرين مارچ، 1781ع
| established_event3 = پيرس معاھدو (1783)
| established_date3 = 3 سيپٽمبر، 1783ع
| established_event4 = آمريڪا جو آئين
| established_date4 = 21 جون، 1788ع
| established_event5 = اتر مرينا ٻيٽ
| established_date5 = 24 مارچ، 1976ع
| area_rank = 3rd/4th
| area_magnitude = 1 E+12
| area_km2 = 98,57,306
| area_sq_mi = 38,05,927
| percent_water = 7.1
| area_label = جملي پکيڙ
| area_label2 = خشڪي جي پکيڙ
| area_data2 = 91,58,022 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;br/&gt;35,35,932 چورس ميل
| area_footnote = 
| population_census_year = 2010ع
| population_census_rank = ٽيون
| population_census = 309,349,689&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.census.gov/popest/data/intercensal/national/tables/US-EST00INT-01.xls PDF].U.S. census department data.&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate = 322,369,319&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popclock/|title=U.S. and World Population Clock|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=December 21, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2016ع
| population_estimate_rank = ٽيون
| population_density_km2 = 35 &lt;!--figures use (population/land area) as of May 2015--&gt;
| population_density_sq_mi = 90.6 &lt;!--figures use (population/land area) as of May 2015--&gt;
| population_density_rank = 180هون
| GDP_PPP_year = 2014ع
| GDP_PPP = 17.419 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_rank = بيون
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = 54,629 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 10هون
| GDP_nominal = 17.419 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2015/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=33&amp;pr.y=7&amp;sy=2014&amp;ey=2015&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=111&amp;s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC&amp;grp=0&amp;a=|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|publisher=IMF}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_nominal_rank = پهريون
| GDP_nominal_year = 2014ع
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = 54,629 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = پنجهون
| Gini_year = 2013ع
| Gini_change = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini = 40.8  &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_ref = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=OECD Income Distribution Database: Gini, poverty, income, Methods and Concepts|url=http://www.oecd.org/els/soc/income-distribution-database.htm|website=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Global inequality: How the U.S. compares|url=http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2013/12/19/global-inequality-how-the-u-s-compares/|website=Pew Research}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Income Distribution and Poverty : by country – INEQUALITY|url=http://stats.oecd.org/index.aspx?queryid=46189|website=OECD}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_year = 2014&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change = increase&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI = 0.915 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr_2015_statistical_annex.pdf |title=2015 Human Development Report  |date=2015 |accessdate=December 14, 2015 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank = 8th
| EF_year = 2007
| EF = {{decrease}} 8.0 gha&lt;ref name=&quot;EF&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.footprintnetwork.org/images/uploads/Ecological_Footprint_Atlas_2010.pdf |title=Ecological Footprint Atlas 2010 |publisher=Global Footprint Network |accessdate=July 11, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| EF_rank = 6th
| currency = آمريڪي ڊالر ($)
| currency_code = USD
| country_code = USA
| utc_offset = −4 to −12, +10, +11
| utc_offset_DST = −4 to −10{{ref label|UTCbox|d|}}
| calling_code = [[North American Numbering Plan|+1]]
| iso3166code = US
| date_format = MM/DD/YYYY
| drives_on = ساڄو پاسو
{{ref label|driving|e|}}
| cctld = {{nowrap|[[.us]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.gov]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.mil]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.edu]]}}
| footnote_a = 
| footnote_b = 
}}
[[فائل:United States (orthographic projection).svg|کاٻو|thumb|300px]]
'''آمريڪا جون گڏيل رياستون''' {{ٻيا نالا|انگريزي= ''' United States of America'''}} جنهن کي '''يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس'''، '''يو ايس''' يا '''آمريڪا''' به چيو ويندو آهي، 50 رياستن تي مشتمل هڪ جمهوري ملڪ آهي.  هي ملڪ اتر آمريڪا کنڊ ۾ واقع آهي. هتان جي گادي جو هنڌ [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]] ۽ سڀ کان وڏو شهر [[نيويارڪ]] آهي. 50 مان 48 رياستون هڪ ئي هنڌ [[ڪئناڊا]] جي ڏکڻ ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو]] جي اتر ۾ واقع آهن، جڏهن ته هڪ رياست [[الاسڪا]] باقي ملڪ کان پري [[ڪئناڊا]] جي اولھه ۾ ۽ ٻي رياست [[هوائي]] باقي ملڪ جي اولھ ۾ [[پيسفڪ سمنڊ|پئسفڪ سمنڊ]] ۾ آهي. آمريڪا جي اتر-اولهه واري رياست [[واشنگٽن رياست]] آهي. آمريڪا جي ڪل آبادي 34 ڪروڙ آهي ۽ هي آبادي جي لحاظ کان دنيا جو  ٽيون وڏو ملڪ آهي. هي ملڪ سال 1776ع ۾ قائم ٿيو. ناڻي ۽ فوجي طاقت جي لحاظ کان دنيا ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ طاقتور آهي.[[فائل:Bald Eagle Portrait.jpg|thumb|upright| بالڊ ايگل جيڪو 1782 کان وٺي آمريڪا جو قومي پکي آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;McDougall2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=Len McDougall |title=The Encyclopedia of Tracks and Scats: A Comprehensive Guide to the Trackable Animals of the United States and Canada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9XOc2_u7z6cC&amp;pg=PA325 |year=2004 |publisher=Lyons Press |isbn=978-1-59228-070-4 |page=325}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

پيلو-انڊين 12,000 سال اڳ کان وڌيڪ بيرنگ زميني پل جي پار لڏي ويا. برطانوي نوآباديات 1607 ۾ ورجينيا ۾ تيرهن ڪالونين جي پهرين آبادي جو سبب بڻيو. ٽيڪس ۽ سياسي نمائندگي تي برطانوي تاج سان ٽڪراءَ آمريڪي انقلاب کي جنم ڏنو، ٻي ڪانٽينينٽل ڪانگريس 4 جولاءِ 1776ع تي آزاديءَ جو باضابطه اعلان ڪيو. انقلابي جنگ (1775-1783)، ملڪ اتر آمريڪا ۾ وڌندو رهيو. جيئن وڌيڪ رياستون داخل ڪيون ويون، غلاميءَ تي سيڪشنل ڊويزن آمريڪا جي ڪنفيڊرٽ رياستن جي علحدگيءَ جو سبب بڻيون، جن 1861-1865 آمريڪي گهرو ويڙهه دوران يونين جي باقي رياستن سان وڙهيو. يونين جي فتح ۽ تحفظ سان، غلامي کي قومي طور تي ختم ڪيو ويو. 1890ع  تائين، آمريڪا پاڻ کي هڪ عظيم طاقت طور قائم ڪيو. ڊسمبر 1941ع ۾ پرل هاربر تي جاپان جي حملي کان پوءِ، آمريڪا ٻي عالمي جنگ ۾ داخل ٿيو. جنگ جي نتيجي ۾ آمريڪا ۽ سوويت يونين کي دنيا جي ٻن سپر پاورن جي طور تي ڇڏي ويو ۽ سرد جنگ جو سبب بڻيو، جنهن دوران ٻنهي ملڪن نظرياتي تسلط ۽ بين الاقوامي اثر رسوخ لاءِ جدوجهد ۾ مصروف ٿي ويا. سوويت يونين جي ٽٽڻ ۽ 1991ع ۾ سرد جنگ جي خاتمي کانپوءِ، آمريڪا دنيا جي واحد سپر پاور طور اڀري آيو. يو ايس جي قومي حڪومت هڪ صدارتي آئيني جمهوريه آهي ۽ لبرل جمهوريت ٽن الڳ شاخن سان: قانون ساز، انتظامي، ۽ عدالتي. هن ۾ هڪ ٻه رڪني قومي قانون سازي آهي جيڪا هائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽوز تي مشتمل آهي، آبادي جي بنياد تي هيٺيون ايوان؛ ۽ سينيٽ، هر رياست جي برابر نمائندگي تي ٻڌل هڪ اپر ايوان. رياستن ۽ ڪيترن ئي علائقن کي انتهائي خودمختياري ڏني وئي آهي، هڪ سياسي ڪلچر سان جيڪو زور ڏئي ٿو آزادي، برابري قانون تحت، انفراديت، ۽ محدود حڪومت. دنيا جي سڀ کان وڌيڪ ترقي يافته ملڪن مان هڪ، آمريڪا 1890ع کان وٺي سڀ کان وڏي نامياتي GDP رکي ٿو ۽ 2023ع ۾ عالمي معيشت جو 15 سيڪڙو حصو رکي ٿو. او اي سي ڊي ملڪن جي وچ ۾ في ماڻهون جي سڀ کان وڌيڪ ڊسپوزيبل گهريلو آمدني. آمريڪا انساني حقن، اقتصادي مقابلي، پيداوار، جدت ۽ اعليٰ تعليم ۾ دنيا جي اعليٰ ترين ملڪن ۾ شمار ٿئي ٿو. ان جي سخت طاقت ۽ ثقافتي اثر عالمي پهچ آهي. يو ايس ورلڊ بئنڪ، آرگنائيزيشن آف آمريڪن اسٽيٽس، نيٽو ۽ گڏيل قومن جو باني ميمبر آهي، گڏوگڏ گڏيل قومن جي سلامتي ڪائونسل جو مستقل ميمبر آهي.

== تاريخ ==
1000ع ۾ [[ليف ايرڪسن]] نالي هڪ مهم جُو يورپي جهازي [[اتر آمريڪا]] جي سامونڊي حدن ۾ اچي داخل ٿيو. 12 آڪٽوبر 1492ع ۾ [[ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس]] (Christopher Columbus) ائٽلانٽڪ وڏي سمنڊ ۾ طوفان جي وڪڙ ۾ اچي آمريڪي ڪناري تي پهتو ۽ [[سين سلويڊور]] San Slavador ٻيٽ تي لنگر انداز ٿيو.
[[ڪيليفورنيا]] جنهن کي گولڊن اسٽيٽ به سڏيو ويندو آهي، تنهنجي [[ايل ڊوراڊو]] El Dorado علائقي ۾ سڀني کان پهرين پهچندڙ اسپيني ماڻهن هتي سون جي ڳولا ۾ پهتا. 
1607ع ۾ [[ورجينا]] رياست جي [[جيمس ٽائون]]James Town شهر ۾ انگريزن جي پهرين ڪالوني قائم ٿي ۽ انگريز سڀ کان پهرين هن شهر ۾ اچي آباد ٿيا.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=ٽوئر ٽو آمريڪا (عبدالحئي پليجو) {{!}} سنڌ سلامت ڪتاب گهر&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt; |url=http://books.sindhsalamat.com/book.php?book_id=327#16407 |accessdate=2016-09-27 |archive-date=2017-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912103147/http://books.sindhsalamat.com/book.php?book_id=327#16407 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;ڪتاب: ٽوئر ٽو آمريڪا&lt;/ref&gt;

[[فائل:Declaration independence.jpg|thumb|ڊڪليئريشن آف انڊپنڏنس ( خودمختياري جو اعلان) جو جان ٽرمبول پاران ٺاھيل پينٽنگ]]

برطانيا جون آمريڪي ڪالونيون 1776 ۾ برطانيا کان الڳ ٿي ويون ۽ انھن کي 1783 ۾ پيرس واري معاھدي ذريعي يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس آف آمريڪا جي نالي سان ھڪ نئين قوم جي سڃاڻپ ملي. گڏيل رياستن ۾ پھرين 13 رياستون ھيون ۽ 19 کان 20 صدي دوران ٻيون 37 رياستون بہ ان ۾ شامل ٿي ويون.آمريڪا جي تاريخ ۾ ھڪ ڏکيو دور گهرو ويڙهه وارو ھيو جيڪا 1861 کان 1865 تائين ھلي 

[[فائل:Thure de Thulstrup - L. Prang and Co. - Battle of Gettysburg - Restoration by Adam Cuerden (cropped).jpg|thumb|گهرو ويڙهه دوران [[گيٽس برگ واري لڙائي]] (Battle of Gettysburg) جي  مصور  [[ٿيوئر ڊي ٿلسٽرپ]] پاران ٺاھيل پينٽنگ]] 

جنھن ۾ اتر وارين رياستن جي يونين ۽ ڏکڻ وارين رياستن جي [[ڪنفيڊريشن]] جي وچ ۾ جنگ ھلي جيڪا اتر وارين رياستن کٽي ھئي. آمريڪا جي تاريخ جو ٻيو ڏکيو دور 1930 واري ڏھاڪي جو معاشي بحران آھي جنھن ۾ آمريڪا جي مزدورن جو چوٿون حصو نوڪريون ختم ٿي وڃڻ جي ڪري بي روزگار ٿي ويو.

[[فائل:Crowd outside nyse.jpg|thumb|1929 کان پوءِ ٿيندڙ معاشي گھوٽالي جي ڪري ماڻھو وال اسٽريٽ ۾ گڏ ٿيندي]]
پھرين ۽ ٻين جنگ عظيم جي فتح ۽ 1991 ۾ سرد جنگ جي خاتمي آمريڪا کي ھڪ سپر پاور بڻائي ڇڏيو.آمريڪي معيشت ۽ [[ٽيڪنالاجي]]۾ بي حد اضافو ٿيو آھي. ھن وقت آمريڪا دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي معيشت آھي. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
4 -اپريل- 1789ع تي -آمريڪا- جو -آئين- نافذ ٿيو. 30 -اپريل- 1789ع تي -[[جارج واشنگٽن]]- -آمريڪا- جو پهريون صدر ٿيو. 1861ع کان 1865ع تائين -آمريڪا- گھرو -جنگ- ۾ مبتلا رهيو، ڇو ته ڏاکڻين رياستن جي ڪارن غلامن -آزادي- پئي گهري. آمريڪي صدر ابراهام لنڪن غلاميءَ جو خاتمو آندو. 30 مارچ 1867ع تي روس [[الاسڪا]] جي رياست 7 ملين ڊالرن عيوض -آمريڪا- کي وڪڻي ڇڏي. 17 ڊسمبر 1903ع تي -آمريڪا- جي [[رائيٽ برادران]] ([[ولبرٽ رائيٽ]] ۽ [[آرويل رائيٽ]]) هڪ ننڍي هوائي جهاز ۾، جيڪو مشين سان هلندو هو، -[[اتر ڪيرولينا]] جي [[ڪٽيهاڪ]] ميدانن -تان- پهرئين -اڏام- ڪئي، ٻئي ڀائر جهاز ۾ موجود هئا.  
1906ع ۾ آمريڪي صدر [[روز ويلٽ]] کي پهريون ڀيرو امن جو نوبل -انعام- مليو. 06 -اپريل- 1917ع تي -آمريڪا- پهرين عالمي -جنگ- ۾ شامل ٿيو. 13 -اپريل- 1935ع تي دنيا جي پهرئين ايئر سروس جي شروعات ڪيائين. -ٻي عالمي جنگ- ۾ [[جاپان]] جي هٿيار ڦٽا نه ڪرڻ سبب -آمريڪا- 6 -آگسٽ- 1945ع تي [[هيروشيما]] ۽ 9 -آگسٽ- 1945ع تي [[ناگاساڪي]] تي ايٽم -بم- ڪيرايا، جنهن سان بي انداز -جاني- نقصان ٿيو ۽ -آمريڪا- دنيا تي هڪ هٽي قائم ڪري ورتي. 5 مئي 1961ع تي ايلن بي شيپرڊ پهرئين آمريڪي خلاباز جي حيثيت سان خلا ۾ -اڏام- ڪئي. 22 نومبر 1963ع تي صدر جان ايف ڪينيڊيءَ کي قتل ڪيو ويو. 1968ع ۾ ڪارن جي حقن لاءِ آواز اٿاريندڙ اڳواڻ [[مارٽن لوٿرڪنگ]] کي قتل ڪيو ويو. 20 -جولاءِ- 1969ع تي آمريڪي خلائي جهاز اپولو II وسيلي خلاباز [[نيل آرمسٽرانگ|نيل آمسٽرانگ]]، [[ايڊون ايلڊرن]] ۽ [[مائيڪل ڪولينز]] چنڊ تي لٿا، جنهن کي سڄي دنيا جي عوام ٽي ويءَ تي سڌو سنئون ڏٺو. 26 فيبروري 1991ع تي -آمريڪا- [[ڪويت]] کي [[عراق]] جي قبضي مان ڇڏايو. 07 نومبر 2000ع جي صدارتي چونڊن ۾ جارج واڪر بش صدر چونڊجي آيو. 11 سيپٽمبر 2001ع تي ٻه مسافرن سان ڀريل جهاز [[ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر]] ۽ آمريڪي وزارت دفاع جي آفيس [[پينٽاگون]] سان ٽڪرائجي ويا ۽ ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر جا ٻئي ٽاور پٽ اچي پيا. -

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آمريڪا- -ان- دهشت گرديءَ جو ذميوار [[اسامه بن لادن]] کي قرار ڏنو، جيڪو -[[افغانستان]]- ۾ [[طالبان]] جو مهمان هو. انهيءَ الزام هيٺ -افغانستان- تي حملو ڪري طالبان جي حڪومت جو خاتمو آندو ويو. اها لڙائي اڃا به -جاري- آهي، 2003ع جي سياري ۾ -آمريڪا- عراق تي حملو ڪري [[صدام حسين]] کي گرفتار ڪري، کيس عدالت ذريعي ڦاهي ڏياري. عراق ۾ هينئر به نيٽو فورسز ويڙهاڪن کي منهن ڏيئي رهي آهي. -آمريڪا- 51 رياستن جو وفاق آهي، -جتي- صدارتي طرز جي حڪومت قائم آهي. صدر رياست جو مملڪتي اڳواڻ سربراهه (هيڊ آف اسٽيٽ)، حڪومت جو اڳواڻ، سڀني آئيني ۽ انتظامي اختيارن جو مالڪ ۽ هٿياربند فوجن جو سپريم ڪمانڊر آهي. صدر عوام جي ووٽن سان چئن سالن لاءِ چونڊبو آهي. ڪابينا ۽ رياستي گورنرن جي چونڊ صدر پاڻ ڪندو آهي. هن وقت آمريڪا جو صدر  [[ڊونلڊ ٽرمپ|ڊونالڊ ٽرمپ]] آهي آمريڪا  جو اڳوڻو صدر [[بارڪ اوباما|بارڪ حسين اوباما]] ھو    جيڪو -تاريخ- جو پهريون سربراهه ھيو، جنهن جو تعلق ڪاري نسل سان ھيو. هن کي 2009ع جو امن جو نوبل -انعام- به مليو . -آمريڪا- جي آزاديءَ جو ڏهاڙو 04 -جولاءِ- 1776ع آهي، ۽ کيس گڏيل قومن جي اداري (UNO) جي ميمبرشپ 24 -آڪٽوبر- 1945ع کان حاصل آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[http://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=آمريڪا آمريڪا : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;

[[فائل:Liberty-statue-from-below.jpg|thumb|کاٻو|نيويارڪ سٽي ۾[[اسٽيچو آف لبرٽي]] جيڪو 1886 ۾ آمريڪا  جيڪو آمريڪا جي نشان طور سڃاتو وڃي ٿو پر ان سان آمريڪي جمھوريت، آزادي ۽ موقعي جي بہ سڃاڻپ طور مشھور آھي  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| title = Statue of Liberty| work=World Heritage| publisher=UNESCO| url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307| accessdate = October 20, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

== جاگرافي ==
[[فائل:USA-satellite.jpg|thumb|آمريڪا جي گڏيل رياستن جي سيٽلائيٽ ذريعي نڪتل تصوير جنھن ۾ ان جي پسگردائي پڻ ڏيکاريل آهي]]
[[فائل:US 50 states Köppen.svg|thumb|کاٻو| ڪوپن واري آبهوا جي درجہ بندي]]
ھي ملڪ اتر کان ڏکڻ ۾ [[ڪيناڊا]] ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو]] ۽ اوڀر کان اولھ [[ائٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] ۽ [[پيسفڪ سمنڊ]] جي وچ ۾ واقع آهي. ھن ملڪ جو جاگرافيائي محل وقوع 38 00 N, 97 00 W آھي.ملڪ جي ايراضي  9,833,517 چورس ڪلوميٽر جن مان
9,147,593 چورس ڪلوميٽر خشڪي 685,924 چورس ڪلوميٽر پاڻي آھي. ھن ملڪ ۾ 50 رياستون ۽ ھڪ وفاقي ٽيريٽري جنھن جو نالو [[ڊسٽرڪٽ آف ڪولمبيا]] آهي جنھن ۾ وفاقي گاديءَ جو هنڌ [[واشنگٽن]] واقع آهي. ھي دنيا جو پکيڙ ۾ چوٿون وڏو ملڪ آهي.ھن جي زمين واري سرحد جملي 12,048 ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان ڪيناڊا سان  اتر واري پاسي  8,893 ڪ.م. ۽ الاسڪا واري پاسي کان ڪيناڊا سان 2,477 ڪ.م. اٿس باقي ميڪسيڪو سان  زميني سرحد 3,155 ڪ.م. آهي.ھن ملڪ جي [[گوانٽانامو بي]] ۾ فوجي اڏي واري زمين ڪيوبا جو حصو آهي ۽ اھا ڪيوبا کان ليز تي ورتل آھي ان جي زميني سرحد 28.5 ڪ.م. آهي. ھن ملڪ جي ساحلي سرحد 19,924 ڪ. م. آھي ۽ ان جي سرحدي حد سمنڊ طرف 12 ناٽيڪل ميل آھي. ملڪ جو ساحلي معاشي زون سمنڊ طرف 200 ناٽيڪل ميل
آھي.آمريڪا جي سمند جي سطح کان سراسري بلندي 720 ميٽر آھي. ان جو سڀ کان اونھو مقام [[موت جي وادي]] (Death Valley)آھي جيڪا سمند جي سطح کان 86 ميٽر اونھي آھي. سڀ کان اوچو مقام [[مائونٽ ميڪ ڪنلي]](McKinley) ۾ [[ڊينالي]](Denali) آهي جيڪو 6,190 ميٽر اوچو آهي.قدرتي وسيلن ۾ ھتي [[ڪوئلو]] ،[[ٽامو]]، [[شيھو]]، [[موليبيڊنيم]]، [[فاسفيٽ]]، [[يورينيم]]، [[باڪسائيٽ]]، [[سون]]، [[لوھ]]، [[پارو]]، [[نڪل]]، [[پوٽاش]]، [[چاندي]] , [[ٽنگسٽن]]، [[جست]]، [[پيٽرول]] [[عمارتي ڪاٺ]] جي دولت سان ڀريل آهي. دنيا م ڪوئلي جا سڀ کان گھڻا ذخيرا ھن ملڪ  اھن جيڪي  491 ارب ٽن آھن جيڪي سڄي دنيا جي ڪوئلي جو 27 سيڪڙو آھن.
ھن ملڪ جي  44.5 سيڪڙو زمين زرخيز آهي جنھن جو  16.8 سيڪڙو زمين تي پوک ٿيندي آهي جنھن مان 3 سيڪڙو تي مستقل پوک ٿيندي آهي، 27.4 سيڪڙو زمين تي چراگاھون آھن ۽ 33.3 سيڪڙو تي ٻيلا آھن.2012 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبپاشي واري زمين  264,000 چورس ڪلوميٽر  ھئي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
هن ملڪ جي گڏيل رياستن جو سرڪاري نالو “United States of America” آهي.”-آمريڪا-“ نالو، هڪ اٽالين جهازي امريگو وسپوسي جي نالي تي رکيو ويو، جيڪو 1497ع ۾ هتي آيو هو. -آمريڪا- جي -اتر- ۾ ڪيناڊا، -اوڀر- ۾ ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ، ڏکڻ ۾ ميڪسيڪو ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو نار]] ۽ اولهه ۾ پيسفِڪ سمنڊ آهن. گڏيل رياستن تي ٻڌل -آمريڪا-، ڪيناڊا ۽ ميڪسيڪو جي وچ ۾ آهي. هن جي هڪ رياست هوائي ٻيٽ سان فرانسسڪو کان 3870 ڪلوميٽر (2400 ميل) ڏکڻ اولهه طرف آهي. اڀرندي ۽ الهندي وارن علائقن ۾ ڊگھا جابلو سلسلا آهن. -آمريڪا- جي ڪل پکيڙ 9،160،454 چورس ڪلوميٽر (3،535،935 چورس ميل) ۽ آبادي 28 ڪروڙ آهي، گاديءَ جو هنڌ واشنگٽن (Washington) ۽ سڀ کان مٿانهون هنڌ مائونٽ ميڪنلي (6194 ميٽر) آهي. هن ملڪ جي سرڪاري -ٻولي- -انگريزي- ۽ ڪرنسي يو -ايس- ڊالر آهي، جيڪا دنيا جي وڌيڪ هلندڙ ۽ اهم ڪرنسي آهي. -آمريڪا- جي موسم، مختلف علائقن جي آبهوا جي حوالي سان مختلف آهي. گھڻي قدر موسم -ٿڌي- ۽ خوشگوار رهندي آهي. -آمريڪا- جي زرعي پيداوار ۾ ڪپهه، ڪڻڪ، جؤ، مڪئي، پٽاٽا، سويابين، داليون، ميوا ۽ ڀاڄيون آهن. مکيه صنعتن ۾ جهاز سازي، هٿيار، ميزائيل وغيره، پيٽروليم جون شيون، ڀاڻ، لوهه، موٽر گاڏيون، سيمنٽ، ڪپڙو، اليڪٽرانڪ -اوزار-، ڪيميائي شيون، دوائون، ڪمپيوٽر، پلاسٽڪ شامل آهن ۽ مکيه معدنيات ۾ -تيل-، ڪوئلو، -ٽامو-، موليڊنيم، فاسفيٽ، يورينيم، باڪسائٽ، سون، لوهه، پارو، نقل، پوٽاش ۽ -ٽنگسٽن شامل آهن.&lt;ref&gt;[http://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=آمريڪا آمريڪا : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;

== آبادي ۽ ڊيموگرافي ==

جولائي 2017 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبادي  326,625,791 ھئي جنھن مطابق ھي ملڪ دنيا جو ٽيون نمبر وڏو ملڪ آهي.جستان جي ماڻهن کي آمريڪي يا امريڪن سڏيو ويندو آهي.ھتسم جا 72.4 سيڪڙو ماڻهو گورا، 12.6 سيڪڙو ڪارا، 4.8 سيڪڙو ايشيائي، 0.9 سيڪڙو ريڊ انڊين ۽ الاسڪا جا اصلي رھاڪو،0.2 سيڪڙو ھوائين ۽ٻياپئسفڪ ٻيٽن جا رھاڪو، ۽ باقي 6.2 سيڪڙو ٻيا.

[[فائل:Most common ancestries in the United States.svg|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن ۾ غالب نسل&lt;br&gt;{{Legend0|#0075ff|[[جرمن آمريڪي|جرمن]]}} {{Legend0|#ff0000|''[[آمريڪن نسل وارو ماڻھو|آمريڪي نسل]]''}} {{Legend0|#ff7500| [[ميڪسيڪن آمريڪي|ميڪسيڪن]]}} {{Legend0|#007500|[[آئرش آمريڪي|آئرش]]}} {{Legend0|#00ffff|[[آفريڪن آمريڪي|آفريڪي]]}} {{Legend0|#7500ff|[[اطالوي آمريڪي|اطالوي]]}} {{Legend0|#750075|[[انگريزي نسل وارا آمريڪي|انگريز]]}} {{Legend0|#ffff00|[[جپاني آمريڪي|جپاني]]}} {{Legend0|#d93190|[[پورٽوريڪي]]}}]]

انگريزي ڳالهائيندڙن جو تعداد ھن ملڪ ۾ 79 سيڪڙو آھي، اسپيني 13 سيڪڙو، انڊو يورپين ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 3.7 سيڪڙو ، ايشيا ۽ پيسفڪ جون ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 3.4 سيڪڙو، باقي ٻيون ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 1 سيڪڙو.
آمريڪا جي وفاق جي ڪابہ سرڪاري ٻولي ناھي پر انگريزي 50 مان 32 رياستن جي سرڪاري ٻولي بڻجي وئي آھي. ھوائين بہ ھوائي رياست جي سرڪاري ٻولي آھي.
ھتان جي 46.5 سيڪڙو آبادي پروٽيسٽنٽ آھي، رومن ڪيٿولڪ ھتي 20.8 سيڪڙو ،يھودي 1.9 سيڪڙو، مورمن (Mormon)1.6  سيڪڙو، ٻيا عيسائي 0.9 سيڪڙو، 0.9 سيڪڙو  مسلمان، 0.8 سيڪڙو يھوا جا شاھد، 0.7سيڪڙو  ٻڌ، 0.7 سيڪڙو ھندو، ۽ 1.8 سيڪڙو ٻيا مذھب
۽ 22.8 سيڪڙو لامذھب آھن
2017 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبادي جي واڌ جي شرح 0.81 سيڪڙو ھئي. 2018 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي شھري آبادي ملڪ جي آبادي جو 82.3 سيڪڙو ھئي.واشينگٽن جي آبادي 2015 ۾ 4.955 ملين ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}{{مئل ڳنڍڻو|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

{{US Census population
|1610= 350
|1620= 2302
|1630= 4646
|1640= 26634
|1650= 50368
|1660= 75058
|1670= 111935
|1680= 151507
|1690= 210372
|1700= 250888
|1710= 331711
|1720= 466185
|1730= 629445
|1740= 905563
|1750= 1170760
|1760= 1593625
|1770= 2148076
|1780= 2780369
|1790= 3929214
|1800= 5308483
|1810= 7239881
|1820= 9638453
|1830= 12866020
|1840= 17069453
|1850= 23191876
|1860= 31443321
|1870= 38558371
|1880= 50189209
|1890= 62979766
|1900= 76212168
|1910= 92228496
|1920= 106021537
|1930= 123202624
|1940= 132164569
|1950= 151325798
|1960= 179323175
|1970= 203211926
|1980= 226545805
|1990= 248709873
|2000= 281421906
|2010= 308745538
|align=right
|estyear=2017&lt;ref name=&quot;census1&quot;/&gt;
|estimate=325719178
|footnote=1610–1780 population data.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=CT1970p2-13: Colonial and Pre-Federal Statistics |url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/statcomp/documents/CT1970p2-13.pdf |website=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=August 20, 2015 |page=1168 |date=2004}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;Note that the census numbers do&lt;br/&gt;not include [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] until 1860.&lt;ref name=&quot;Census1860&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |title=Historical Census Statistics On Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For Large Cities And Other Urban Places In The United States  |website=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=May 28, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

== سياسي انتظام ۽ حڪومت ==

=== آمريڪا جو نالو ===
[[فائل:Amerigo Vespucci - Project Gutenberg etext 19997.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|کاٻو|امیریگو وسپوچی جی خیالی تصویر]]

آمريڪا جو نالو اٽلي جي کوجنا ڪندڙ جھازران ۽ ڪارٽوگرافر (نقشن ٺاھڻ جو ماھر) اميريگو وسپوچي (Amerigo Vespucci) (جنم: 1454؛ وفات:1512) جي نالي مان نڪتل آهي. جيڪو لاطيني اچار ۾ آمريڪس سڏبو هو جنھن مان وري بدلجي آمريڪا ٿي ويو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== وفاق ۽ رياستون ===
حڪومت جو قسم آئيني وفاقي ريپبلڪ آهي جنھن جو گاديءَ جو هنڌ واشنگٽن ڊي.سي. آهي جنھن جو محل وقوع 38 53 N, 77 02 W آھي.ملڪ جي وفاق ۾ 50 رياستون آھن جيڪي ڇھن ثائيم زونن ۾ اچن ٿيون.ام کان علاوه ھڪ ضلعو ڊسٽرڪٽ آف ڪولمبيا آھي جيڪو انھن رياستن کان علاوه آھي جنھن ۾ واشنگٽن شھر واقع آهي.رياستن جا نالا ھيٺ ڏجن ٿا:
#[[الاباما]] (Alabama)
#[[الاسڪا]] (Alaska)
#[[ايرزونا]] (Arizona)
#[[ارڪنسا]] (Arkansas)
#[[ڪيليفورنيا]] (California)
#[[ڪولراڊو]] (Colorado)
#[[ڪونيڪٽيڪٽ]] (Connecticut)
#[[ڊيلويئر]] (Delaware)
#[[فلوريڊا]] (Florida)
#[[جارجيا (آمريڪي رياست)|جارجيا]] (Georgia)
#[[ھوائي]] (Hawaii)
#[[آئيڊاھو]] (Idaho)
#[[الينوائي]] (Illinois)
#[[انڊيانا]] (Indiana)
#[[آيووا]] (Iowa)
#[[ڪنساس]] (Kansas)
#[[ڪنٽاڪي]] (Kentucky)
#[[لوئزيانا]] (Louisiana)
#[[مئن]] (Maine)
#[[ميري لينڊ]] (Maryland)
#[[مئسچوسٽس]] (Massachusetts)
#[[مشي گن]] (Michigan)
#[[منيسوٽا]] (Minnesota)
#[[مسيسيپي]] (Mississippi)
#[[مسوري]] (Missouri)
#[[مونٽانا]] (Montana)
#[[نبراسڪا]] (Nebraska)
#[[نويڊا]] (Nevada)
#[[نيو ھئمپشائر]] (New Hampshire)
#[[نيو جرسي]] (New Jersey)
#[[نيو ميڪسيڪو]] (New Mexico) 
#[[نيو يارڪ]] (New York)
#[[نارٿ ڪيرولينا]] (North Carolina)
#[[نارٿ ڊڪوٽا]] (North Dakota)
#[[اوھيو]] (Ohio)
#[[اوڪلاھاما]] (Oklahoma)
#[[اوريگون|اوريگان]] (Oregon)
#[[پينسلوانيا]](Pennsylvania)
#[[رھوڊ آئلينڊ]] ( Rhode Island )
#[[سائوٿ ڪيرولينا]] (South Carolina)
#[[سائوٿ ڊڪوٽا]] (South Dakota)
#[[ٽينيسي|ٽنيسي]] (Tennessee)
#[[ٽيڪساس]] (Texas)
#[[يوٽا]] (Utah)
#[[ورمونٽ]] (Vermont)
#[[ورجينيا]] (Virginia)
#[[واشنگٽن]] (Washington)
#[[ويسٽ ورجينيا]] (West Virginia)
#[[وسڪونسن|وسڪانسن]] (Wisconsin)
#[[ويومنگ]] (Wyoming)

{{multiple image
 | align             = کاٻو
 | direction         = vertical
 | caption_align     = center
 | image1            = Capitol Building Full View.jpg
 | caption1          = گاديءَ جو هنڌ &lt;br/&gt; جتي ڪانگريس واقع آهي&lt;br/&gt; کاٻي پاسي سينيٽ ۽ساڄي پاسي ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
 | image2            = WhiteHouseSouthFacade.JPG
 | caption2          = وائيٽ ھائوس: آمريڪا جي صدر جو گھر ۽ آفيس
 | image3            = USSupremeCourtWestFacade.JPG
 | caption3          = سپريم ڪورٽ بلڊنگ
}}

[[فائل:US states by date of statehood3 frame.png|alt=آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين]]

[[فائل:US states by date of statehood3.gif|alt=آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين]]

=== آمريڪي اختيار وارا علائقا ===
[[فائل:US.EEZ Pacific centered NOAA map.png|thumb|کاٻو| آمريڪا جو معاشي زون وارو نقشو جنھن ۾ سامونڊي حد ۽ قبضي وارا علائقا ڏيکاريل آهن.]]
ھيٺين علائقن ۾ آمريڪي حڪومت جو اختيار آهي.
*[[امريڪن ساموا]] (American Samoa)
*[[بيڪر آئلينڊ]] (Baker Island)
*[[گئام]] (Guam)
*[[ھائو لينڊ آئلينڊ]] (Howland Island)
*[[جاروس آئلينڊ]] (Jarvis Island)
*[[جانسٽن ايٽول]] (Johnston Atoll)
*[[ناواسا آئلينڊ]] (Navassa Island)
*[[نادرن مرينا آئلينڊس|اتر ماريانا آئلينڊز]] (Northern Mariana Islands)
*[[پيلمائرا ايٽول]] (Palmyra Atoll)
*[[پورٽو ريڪو]] (Puerto Rico)
*[[ورجن آئلينڊس|ورجن آئلينڊز]] (Virgin Islands)
*[[ويڪ آئلينڊ]] (Wake Island)

=== خودمختياري ===

ھن ملڪ 4 جولائي 1776 برطانيا بڻ کان خودمختياري حاصل ڪئي ان ڪري اھو ڏينھن آمريڪا ۾ قومي ڏينھن ۽ موڪل جو ڏينهن آھي  .3 سيپٽمبر 1783 ۾ برطانيا ان جي خودمختياري کي تسليم ڪيو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== قانوني سسٽم ===
آمريڪا جي وفاق ۾ سڀني رياستن ۾ سواءِ ھڪ جي ڪامن لا سسٽم آھي. رڳو ھڪ رياست لئوزيانا ۾ نيپولينڪ سول ڪوڊ لاڳو  آھي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== معيشت ==
ھن ملڪ جي معيشت دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي ۽  طاقتور معيشت آھي جنھن جي في ڪس جي ڊي پي 59500 يو.ايس.ڊالر آھي. ھن ملڪ جون ڪمپنيون ڪمپيوٽر, دوائن، ايئرواسپيس ۽ فوجي سازوسامان  جي ٽيڪنالاجي ۾ دنيا اندر ھراول آهن.  فوجي ٽيڪنالاجي جي دنيا اندر اھميت گھٽجڻ ڪري پرچيزنگ پاور پئرٽي مطابق 2014 ۾ ھن جي معيشت 2014 ۾ ٻئي نمبر تي اچي وئي جو پھرين نمبر تي چين اچي ويو.آمريڪا جي معيشت اڌ کان وڌيڪ ٻاھران درآمد ڪيل تيل تي ھلي ٿي جنھن ڪري تيل جي قيمتن ۾ واڌ معيشت کي گھڻو متاثر ڪري ٿي.
پرچيزنگ پاور پئرٽي يا قوت خريد جي ڀيٽ ۾ آمريڪا جي جي ڊي پي 2017 ۾ 19.36 ٽرلين 
جو ايس ڊالر ھئي.آفيشل ايڪسچينج ريٽ يا مٽاسٽا واري شرح مطابق بہ 19.36 ٽرلين يو.ايس.ڊالر ھئي. 2017 ۾ ملڪ جي مجموعي قومي بچت (Gross national saving) 17.5 سيڪڙو ھئي. ھن ملڪ جي زرعي پيداوار ۾  ڪڻڪ، مڪئي، ٻيا اناج، ميوا، وڏو گوشت، سوئر جو گوشت، سبزيون، ڪپھ، پولٽري، کير جون شيون، مڇي  شامل آهن. آمريڪا جي صنعت پيداوار جي لحاظ کان دنيا جي ٻيون نمبر وڏي صنعت آھي. صنعتي پيداوار ۾ پيٽروليم واريون شيون، گاڏيون، ايئرواسپيس، ٽيلي ڪميونيڪيشن، ڪيميڪل ,  اليڪٽرانڪس، فوڊ پروسيسنگ، صارفن واريون شيون (consumer goods), عمارتي ڪاٺ وارو سامان، کاڻين واري صنعت شامل آهن . آمريڪا ۾ ڪم ڪندڙن يا مزدوري جي سگھ (Labour power) 2017 ۾ 160400000 مزدورن تي مشتمل ھئي ان سگھ م ان سال ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ چوٿين نمبر تي ھيو. ان تعداد ۾ پيشي جي لحاظ کان 0.7 سيڪڙو فارمنگ، فشنگ ۽ فاريسٽري م،  20.3 سيڪڙو مينيوفيڪچرنگ، ٽرانسپورٽ، وغيره ۾ ، 37.3 سيڪڙو مينيجمينٽ، پيشورانہ ۽ فني شعبن ۾، 24.2 سيڪڙو  وڪري ۽ آفيس ورڪ ۾،17.6 سيڪڙو ٻين خدمتن ۾  ان سگھ ۾  بي روزگار  شامل ناھن. 2015 ۾ ملڪ جي 15.1 سيڪڙو آبادي غربت جي لڪير کان ھيٺ زندگي گذاريندڙ ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
=== بجيٽ ===
ھن ملڪ جي 2017 واري بجيٽ ۾ ملڪ جي آمدني 3.336 ٽرلين ڊالر،  خرچ 3.991 ٽرلين ڊالر ھيو. ملڪ جي 17.2 سيڪڙو آمدني ٽيڪس ۽ ٻين محصولن مان حاصل ٿي جيڪڏهنان ۾ سوشل سڪيورٽي وغيره کي بہ شامل ڪجي تہ پوءِ  ٽيڪس ۽ محصولن جي آمدني 22 سيڪڙو ھئي.2017 ۾ بجيٽ جو خسارو 3.4 سيڪڙو ھيو.ملڪ جو 2017 ۾ ڪرنٽ اڪائونٽ بيلنس 462 بلين ڊالر ھيو . ملڪ جون برآمدات 1.576 ٽرلين ڊالر ۽ درامدات 2.352 ٽرلين ڊالر ھيون . پرڏيهي مٽاسٽا لاء ذخيرو ۽ سون 117.3 بلين ڊالر ھيو.   &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== توانائي ==
[[فائل:UnitedStatesPowerGrid.jpg|thumb|آمريڪا جون بجلي جي ٽرانسميشن جون گرڊ اسٽيشنون جن جون {{convert|300000|km|mi|abbr=on}} 500 ڪمپنيون ھلائڻ ٿيون ۽نارٿ آمريڪن اليڪٽرڪ رلائبلٽي ڪارپوريشن انھن سڀني جي نگراني ڪندڙ آھي]]
ھن ملڪ جي 100 سيڪڙو آبادي بجلي سان مستفيد آھي.2015 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي بجلي جي پيداوار 4.088 کرب ڪلو واٽ ھئي.ان ڀيٽ سان ھي دنيا جو بجلي پيدا ڪندڙ ٻيون نمبر وڏو ملڪ ھيو. ساڳي سال بجلي جي کپت ھن ملڪ ۾ 3.911 کرب ڪلو واٽ ھئي. 2016 ۾ ھن ملڪ 9.695 ارب ڪلو واٽ بجلي برآمد ڪئي ۽ 80.66 ارب ڪلو واٽ بجلي درآمد ڪئي. ھن ملڪ جي بجلي جي پيداوار 2015 ۾ 70.6 سيڪڙو تيل تي ،9.2 سيڪڙو نيوڪليئر، 7.4 سيڪڙو ھائڊرل يا پاڻي واري توانائيءَ تي ۽ 10.7 سيڪڙو ٻي توانائي تي ٿيندي آهي.2016 ۾ ملڪ ۾ ڪچي تيل جي روزاني پيداوار 8.853 
ملين بيرل جي ھئي.ڪچي تيل جي برآمد ساڳي سال روزانو 590900 بيرل ھئي ۽ درآمد روزانو 7.85 ملين بيرل ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== مواصلات ==
ملڪ ۾ ٽيلیفون جا لڳل ڪنيڪشن 121.53 ملين آھن. جولاء، 2016ع جي صورتحال مطابق ملڪ 100 سيڪڙو آبادي انھن جو استعمال ڪندڙ آھي ۽ ان لحاظ کان ٻين ملڪن جي ڀيٽ ۾ ھي ملڪ ٽڪ ٽئين نمبر تي آهي. جولاء، 2016ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ موبائل فون جا 395.881 ملین ڪنيڪشن ھيا۽ ملڪ جي 100 سيڪڙو آبادي انھن کان مستفيد ھئي ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ ھي دنيا جو چوٿون نمبر وڏو ملڪ هيو. ملڪ جو فون جو مواصلاتي نظام جديد ترين ٽيڪنالاجيءَ وارو آھي جنھن ۾ [[فائبر آپٽڪ ڪيبل]]، [[مائڪرو ويو ريڊيو رلي]](microwave radio relay)، [[ڪوايڪسل ڪيبل]](coaxial cable) ۽ [[ڊوميسٽڪ سيٽلائيٽ سسٽم]] شامل آھن. ھن ملڪ جو [[انٽرنيشنل ڪنٽري ڪوڊ]] نمبر 1 آھي. ملڪ جو [[انٽرنيٽ ڪنٽري ڪوڊ]] .us آھي. جولاء،2016ع ۾ انٽرنيٽ جي استعمال ڪندڙن جو تعداد24,68,09,221 ھيو جيڪو ڪل آبادي جو 76.2 سيڪڙو ھيو ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ جي دنيا جو چوٿون وڏو ملڪ هيو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ٽرانسپورٽ ==
[[فائل:Map of current Interstates.svg|thumb|کاٻو|بين الرياستي روڊن جو ڄار  جنھن جي ڊيگھ جملي {{convert|46876|mi|km}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Interstate FAQ (Question #3) |publisher=Federal Highway Administration |year=2006 |url=http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/interstate/faq.htm#question3 |accessdate=March 4, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[فائل:North America Passenger Trains.png|thumb|کاٻو|&lt;center&gt;ريلوي نظام {{nowrap|
[[ShareMap:special/North America Passenger Trains|اندروني ملڪئ جو ريلوي نظام جو نقشو
]] &lt;/center&gt;]]

سال 2016ع ۾ سرڪاري ھوائي ٽرانسپورٽ ۾ ھن ملڪ جي رجسٽرڊ جھازن جو تعداد 92 آھي. غير سرڪاري ٽرانسپورٽ جو رجسٽرڊ تعداد 6817 آهي. ساليانو 798.23 ملين ماڻھو جھازن ۾ سفر ڪن ٿا. سال2013ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ ھوائي اڏن جو تعداد 13,513 ھيو ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ پھرين نمبر تي آهي. ملڪ ۾  پيوڊ رن وي(paved runway)  وارا ايئر پورٽ 5,054 آھن. ان پيوڊ رن وي (unpaved runway) وارا ھوئي اڏا 8459 آھن. سال 2013ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ ھيلي ڪاپٽرن جا اڏا يا ھيلي پورٽ (Heliports) جو تعداد 5,287 آھي. ملڪ ۾ 2013ع ۾ قدرتي گيس جي پائيپن جي ڪل ڊيگھ 19,84,321 ڪلوميٽر ۽ پيٽرول جي پائيپ لائين جي ڊيگھ 2,40,711 ڪلوميٽر ھئي. ريلوي لائين جي ڊيگھ ساڳي سال 2,93,564.2 ڪلوميٽر ھئي.

ملڪ ۾ روڊن جي ڊيگھ 65,86,610 ڪلوميٽر جنھن ۾ پيوڊ روڊن (paved road) جي ڊيگھ 43,04,715 ڪلوميٽر، ايڪسپريس وي ۾ 76,334 ڪلوميٽر ۽ ان پيوڊ  روڊن (unpaved roads) جا 2,81,895 ڪلوميٽر شامل آهن. روڊن جي ڊيگھ ۾ ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ پھريون نمبر آھي. ملڪ جي واپاري بحري جهازن، ٻيڙن ۽ ٽينڪرن جو تعداد 3,611 آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ملڪ جو دفاع ==
ملڪ ۾ دفاع جو خرچ 2012 ۾ جي.ڊي.پي.جو 4.24 سيڪڙو ھيو جيڪو 2016 ۾ گھٽجي 3.29 تي پھتو. 2016 ٻين ملڪن جي ڀيٽ ۾ آمريڪا دفاع جي خرچ ۾ 25 نمبر تي ھيو. ملڪ ۾ فوج  يو ايس آرمي، يو ايس نيوي، يو ايس ايئر فورس۽ يو ايس ڪوسٽ گارڊ تي مشتمل آهي. ڪوسٽ گارڊ امن واري حالت ۾ ھوم لينڊ سڪيورٽي جي ماتحت ڪم ڪندا آهن ۽ جنگ جي حالت ۾ نيوي جي شعبي ۾ رپورٽ ڪندا آهن. فوج ۾ ڀرتي جي عمر 18 سال آهي پر جي والدين مرضي ڏيکارين تہ سترھن سال ۾ ڀرتي ٿي سگھي ٿي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==صحت== 
==تعليم==
آمريڪي پرائمري ۽ ثانوي تعليم (جنهن کي آمريڪا ۾ K-12 جي نالي سان سڃاتو وڃي ٿو، &quot;ڪندر گارٽن کان 12 هين گريڊ&quot;) غير مرڪزي آهي. اهو رياست، علائقائي، ۽ ڪڏهن ڪڏهن ميونسپل حڪومتن طرفان هلايو ويندو آهي ۽ يو ايس ڊپارٽمينٽ آف ايجوڪيشن پاران منظم ڪيو ويندو آهي. عام طور تي، ٻارن کي پنجن يا ڇهن سالن جي عمر (ڪنڊرگارٽن يا فرسٽ گريڊ) کان وٺي اسڪول يا منظور ٿيل هوم اسڪول ۾ وڃڻ جي ضرورت آهي جيستائين اهي 18 سالن جي عمر ۾ نه ٿين. اهو اڪثر ڪري شاگردن کي 12 هين گريڊ ذريعي آڻيندو آهي، يو ايس هاءِ اسڪول جو آخري سال، پر ڪجهه رياستون ۽ علائقا انهن کي، 16 يا 17 سالن جي عمر ۾ اسڪول ڇڏڻ جي اجازت ڏين ٿا. آمريڪا دنيا جي ڪنهن به ملڪ جي ڀيٽ ۾ في شاگرد تعليم تي وڌيڪ خرچ ڪري ٿو 12,794 يو ايس ڊالر في سال في پبلڪ ايليمينٽري ۽ سيڪنڊري اسڪول جو شاگرد (سال 2016-2017ع ۾). آمريڪن جي عمر 25 ۽ ان کان وڌيڪ، 84.6 سيڪڙو هاء اسڪول مان گريجوئيشن ڪئي، 52.6 سيڪڙو ڪجهه ڪاليج ۾ شرڪت ڪئي، 27.2 سيڪڙو بيچلر جي ڊگري حاصل ڪئي ۽ 9.6 سيڪڙو گريجوئيٽ ڊگري حاصل ڪئي. يو ايس خواندگي جي شرح ويجھي آفاقي آھي. ڪنهن به ملڪ ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ نوبل انعام ماڻيندڙ ملڪ آهن، جن ۾ 411 (413 انعام کٽي چڪا آهن). 

يو ايس ٽيٽيري يا اعليٰ تعليم عالمي شهرت حاصل ڪئي آهي. دنيا جون ڪيتريون ئي اعليٰ يونيورسٽيون، جيئن مختلف درجابندي جي تنظيمن طرفان درج ٿيل آهن، آمريڪا ۾ آهن، جن ۾ مٿين 25 مان 19 شامل آهن. آمريڪي اعليٰ تعليم رياستي يونيورسٽين جي نظام تي حاوي آهي، جيتوڻيڪ ملڪ جون ڪيتريون ئي خانگي يونيورسٽيون ۽ ڪاليج م سڀ آمريڪي شاگرد تقريبن 20 سيڪڙو داخلا وٺن ٿا. مقامي ڪميونٽي ڪاليج عام طور تي پيش ڪن ٿا ڪورس ورڪ ۽ ڊگري پروگرام جيڪي ڪاليج جي مطالعي جي پهرين ٻن سالن کي ڍڪيندا آهن. اهي اڪثر ڪري وڌيڪ کليل داخلا پاليسين، ننڍا تعليمي پروگرام، ۽ گهٽ ٽيوشن آهن. جيئن ته اعليٰ تعليم تي سرڪاري خرچن لاءِ، يو ايس او اي سي ڊي جي اوسط کان في شاگرد وڌيڪ خرچ ڪري ٿو ۽ آمريڪي گڏيل سرڪاري ۽ نجي خرچن ۾ سڀني قومن کان وڌيڪ خرچ ڪن ٿا. ڪاليج ۽ يونيورسٽيون جيڪي سڌي طرح وفاقي حڪومت طرفان فنڊ ڪيل آهن ٽيوشن چارج نه ڪندا آهن ۽ فوجي اهلڪارن ۽ سرڪاري ملازمن تائين محدود آهن، جن ۾ شامل آهن: يو ايس سروس اڪيڊميز، نيوي پوسٽ گريجوئيٽ اسڪول ۽ فوجي اسٽاف ڪاليج. شاگردن جي قرض جي معافي جي پروگرامن جي باوجود، شاگردن جي قرضن جو قرض گذريل ڏهاڪي ۾ 102٪ وڌي ويو آهي ۽ سال 2022ع تائين 1.7 ٽريلين ڊالرن کان وڌي ويو آهي. 

==ثقافت ۽ سماج==
آمريڪي مشهور ثقافت دنيا جي ڪيترن ئي هنڌن تي وڃي ٿو.&lt;ref&gt;
{{Cite magazine|last1=Fergie|first1=Dexter|last2=Pinkham|first2=Sophie|last3=Pinkham|first3=Sophie|last4=Kindley|first4=Evan|last5=Kindley|first5=Evan|last6=Kirsch|first6=Adam|last7=Kirsch|first7=Adam|last8=Dickey|first8=Colin|last9=Dickey|first9=Colin|date=2022-03-24|title=How American Culture Ate the World|magazine=The New Republic|url=https://newrepublic.com/article/165836/american-culture-ate-world-righteous-smokescreen-globalization-review|access-date=2023-04-01|issn=0028-6583}}&lt;/ref&gt;
اهو اڪثر هنڌن تي، خاص طور تي مغربي دنيا تي وڏو اثر آهي. آمريڪي ميوزڪ هر جڳهه آهي، ۽ آمريڪي فلمون ۽ ٽيليويزن شوز اڪثر ملڪن ۾ ڏسي سگهجن ٿا.

=== وفاقی موڪلون ===
تاريخ.     نالو.           وضاحت. 
جنوري 1. نئين سال جو ڏينهن. سال جي شروعات کي جشن ملهائي ٿو. 

2. 3rd سومر جنوري ۾. مارٽن لوٿر ڪنگ، جونيئر ڊي. اعزاز ڊاڪٽر مارٽن لوٿر ڪنگ، جونيئر، هڪ آفريڪي-آمريڪي شهري حقن جو اڳواڻ. 

3. فيبروري ۾ 3rd سومر. صدر جو ڏينهن. سڀني آمريڪي صدرن کي عزت ڏئي ٿو، پر خاص طور تي جارج واشنگٽن (پيدائش فيبروري 22، 1722) ۽ ابراهيم لنڪن (پيدائش فيبروري 12، 1812). 

4. مئي ۾ آخري سومر. يادگار ڏينهن. عزت وارا ماڻهو جيڪي فوج ۾ خدمت ڪندي مري ويا ۽ اونهاري جي روايتي شروعات کي نشانو بڻايو. 

5. جون 19. جون ٽيون. 1865 ۾ سڀني غلامن جي آزاديء کي تسليم ڪيو. 

6. 4 جولاءِ آزاديءَ جو ڏهاڙو. جشن آزاديءَ جو اعلان، ”جولاءِ جي چوٿين“ جي نالي سان پڻ مشهور آهي. 

7. سيپٽمبر ۾ 1st سومر. مزدورن جو ڏينهن. ڪارڪنن جي ڪاميابين کي جشن ڪري ٿو ۽ اونهاري جي روايتي پڄاڻي کي نشانو بڻائيندو آهي. 

8. آڪٽوبر ۾ 2nd سومر. ڪولمبس جو ڏينهن يا انديشي ماڻهن جو ڏينهن. ڪولمبس جو ڏهاڙو ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس جو اعزاز ڏئي ٿو، جنهن يورپ لاءِ آمريڪا دريافت ڪيو ۽ انديشي ماڻهن جو ڏينهن آمريڪا جي مقامي ماڻهن کي اعزاز ڏئي ٿو؛ رياستون هڪ يا نه ملهائي سگهن ٿيون. 

10. نومبر 11. ويٽرنس ڊي. سڀني ماڻهن کي عزت ڏئي ٿو جيڪي فوج ۾ خدمت ڪئي (ماضي ۽ موجوده). 

11. 4th خميس نومبر ۾. شڪر. موسم خزاں جي فصل کي جشن ملهائي ٿو ۽ &quot;ڇڏيل موسم&quot; جي روايتي شروعات کي نشانو بڻائيندو آهي. 

12. ڊسمبر 25. ڪرسمس. يسوع مسيح جي پيدائش کي جشن ملهائي ٿو (غير عيسائي ان کي سياري جي موڪل جي طور تي جشن ڪندا آهن).

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!width=150| Date&lt;ref name=&quot;cornell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/6103 |title=5 U.S. Code § 6103 – Holidays |publisher=[[Cornell University Law School]] - Legal Information Institute |website=www.law.cornell.edu |access-date=2014-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709203348/https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/6103 |archive-date=July 9, 2017 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! Name
! Description
|-
| January 1
| [[New Year's Day]]
| Celebrates the beginning of the year
|-
| 3rd Monday in January
| [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]] Day
| Honors Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., an [[African-American]] [[civil rights]] leader
|-
| 3rd Monday in February
| [[President's Day]]
| Honors all of the American presidents, but specifically [[George Washington]] (born February 22, 1722) and [[Abraham Lincoln]] (born February 12, 1812)
|-
| Last Monday in May
| [[Memorial Day]]
| Honors people who died while serving in the military and marks the traditional start of [[summer]]
|-
| June 19
| [[Juneteenth]]
| Recognizes the freeing of all [[Slavery in the United States|slaves]] in 1865
|-
| July 4
| [[US Independence Day|Independence Day]]
| Celebrates the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]], also known as &quot;The Fourth of July&quot;
|-
| 1st Monday in September
| [[Labor Day]]
| Celebrates the achievements of workers and marks the traditional end of summer
|-
| 2nd Monday in October
| [[Columbus Day]] or [[Indigenous Peoples' Day]]
| Columbus Day honors [[Christopher Columbus]], who discovered [[the Americas]] for [[Europe]] and Indigenous Peoples' Day honors the native people of the US; states may celebrate one or neither
|-
| November 11
| [[Veterans Day]]
| Honors all people who served in the [[military]] (past and present)
|-
| 4th Thursday in November
| [[Thanksgiving]]
| Celebrates the [[autumn]] [[harvest]] and marks the [[tradition]]al beginning of the &quot;holiday season&quot;
|-
| December 25
| [[Christmas]]
| Celebrates the [[birth]] of [[Jesus Christ]] (non-[[Christian]]s celebrate it as a [[winter]] holiday)
|}

===پرچم===
:
[[File:Flag of the United States.svg|thumb|The US flag]]

آمريڪي پرچم. 

آمريڪي پرچم نيري پس منظر تي 50 تارن تي مشتمل آهي ۽ 13 پٽيون آهن، ست ڳاڙهي ۽ ڇهه اڇیون. اهو گڏيل قومن جي ڪيترن ئي علامتن مان هڪ آهي جهڙوڪ بالڊ ايگل. 50 تارا 50 رياستن جي نمائندگي ڪن ٿا. ڳاڙھو جرئت لاء بيٺل آھي، نيرو انصاف لاء بيٺل آھي، ۽ اڇو امن ۽ صفائي جي نمائندگي ڪري ٿو. 13 پٽي 13 اصلي نوآبادين جي نمائندگي ڪن ٿا. 
===کاڌا===
هيمبرگر آمريڪا جي مشهور خوراڪ مان هڪ آهي. آمريڪا ۾ فاسٽ فوڊ ڪيترن ئي علائقائي کاڌن جو گهر آهي جهڙوڪ ڏکڻ آمريڪا جو کاڌو، جنهن کي ڏاکڻي کاڌي جي نالي سان پڻ سڃاتو وڃي ٿو. هتي چيني، يوناني، جاپاني، اطالوي ۽ ميڪسيڪو کاڌي جا آمريڪي نسخا آهن. اصلي آمريڪن کاڌ خوراڪ اصل آمريڪين جو کاڌو آھي. دنيا جي ڪيترن ئي ملڪن ۾ آمريڪي وينجن جو تمام گهڻو اثر آهي. آمريڪي کاڌي ۾ اصلي آمريڪي، برطانوي، فرينچ، جرمن ۽ اسپيني اثرات آهن. روح کاڌو روايتي ڏکڻ آفريڪا آمريڪي کاڌو آهي. 
===موسيقي=== 
آمريڪا ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ مشهور صنفون راڪ اينڊ رول، پاپ، ڪنتری، آر اينڊ بي ۽ هپ هاپ آهن. اصلي آمريڪي موسيقي آمريڪا جي مقامي موسيقي آهي. 


The [[American flag]] is made up of 50 stars on a blue background and has 13 stripes, seven red and six white. It is one of many symbols of the United States like the [[Bald Eagle]]. The 50 stars represent the 50 states. The red stands for [[courage]], the blue stands for [[justice]], and the white represents [[peace]] and [[cleanliness]]. The 13 stripes represent the [[Thirteen Colonies|13 original colonies.]]&lt;ref&gt;USA Flag Meaning. 2009 Retrieved from [https://web.archive.org/web/20071206041914/http://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/usa-flag/usa-flag-meaning.html http://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/usa-flag/usa-flag-meaning.html] on 16th of September 2010&lt;/ref&gt;

Cuisine
:
A [[hamburger]] is one of the popular foods of the United States. [[Fast food]] in the United States is home to many regional cuisines such as the [[Cuisine of the Southern United States]], also known as Southern food. There are Americanized versions of Chinese, Greek, Japanese, Italian and Mexican cuisine. Native American cuisine is the cuisine of the indigenous [[Native Americans]]. A lot of American dishes are influenced by many countries around the world. American cuisine has Native American, British, French, German, and Spanish influences.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=The Founders of American Cuisine: Seven Cookbook Authors, with Historical Recipes| isbn=9780786458691 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=XiKhBAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=american+cuisine+is+influenced+by+german+spanish&amp;pg=PA8| last1=Haff | first1=Harry | date=8 February 2011 | publisher=McFarland }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Soul food]] is traditional southern African American food.

Music
:
The most popular genres in the United States are [[rock and roll]], [[pop music|pop]], [[country music|country]], [[R&amp;B]], and [[hip hop]]. [[Native American#Music|Native American music]] is the indigenous music of the United States.

===رانديون===
[[File:Wilson opening day 1916.jpg|thumb|In American baseball games, sometimes the president throws the first ball.]]

آمريڪي بيس بال جي راندين ۾، ڪڏهن ڪڏهن صدر پهريون بال اڇلائي ٿو. 

اصلي آمريڪن يورپين جي اچڻ کان اڳ لاڪروس کيڏيو. بيس بال آمريڪا لاءِ ملڪي راند آهي، ۽ آمريڪي فٽبال سڀ کان مشهور راند آهي. باسڪيٽ بال آمريڪا ۾ پڻ تمام گهڻو مشهور آهي، جنهن کي آمريڪا جي پنهنجي ليگ آهي جنهن کي NBA سڏيو ويندو آهي. 
===وڊيو گيمز===
آمريڪا جي وڊيو گيم انڊسٽري ڪنهن به ملڪ جي وڏي ۾ وڏي آهي. اهو چين کان پوءِ وڊيو گيمز لاءِ ٻيو نمبر وڏو بازار آهي. دنيا جا ڪيترائي وڏا ويڊيو گيم ڊولپر آمريڪا ۾ ٻڌل آهن، جهڙوڪ Take-To Interactive، Electronic Arts، Activision Blizzard، ۽ Xbox Game Studios. 
===ماپ===
آمريڪا واحد ترقي يافته ملڪ آهي جيڪو سرڪاري طور تي ميٽرڪ سسٽم استعمال نٿو ڪري. ان جي بدران، گڏيل قومن جي رواجي يونٽ سرڪاري ماپ جو نظام آهي، جيتوڻيڪ ڪي خاص شعبا جهڙوڪ سائنس ميٽرڪ سسٽم استعمال ڪن ٿا. ماضي ۾ پڻ ميٽرڪ جي ڪوشش ڪئي وئي، خاص طور تي 1970s ۾، پر انهن کي هٽايو ويو آهي.

[[Native Americans]] played [[lacrosse]] before [[Europeans]] arrived.&lt;ref&gt;Liss, Howard. Lacrosse (Funk &amp; Wagnalls, 1970) pg 13.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Baseball]] is the country sport for the United States, and [[American football]] is the most popular sport. Basketball is also very popular in the USA, which the USA has its own league called the [[National Basketball Association|NBA]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Grossman|first=Nadelle|date=2014-01-01|title=What is the NBA?|url=https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/facpub/665|journal=25 Marquette Sports Law Review 101 (2014)|access-date=2022-11-24|archive-date=2022-11-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221124042653/https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/facpub/665/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Video games
:
The [[video game industry]] of the United States is one of the largest of any country. It is the second largest market for video games after China.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Asian countries make up 40% of the world's top 10 video gaming markets|url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/08/which-countries-have-the-largest-video-gaming-markets/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=World Economic Forum|language=en|archive-date=2022-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212045635/https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/08/which-countries-have-the-largest-video-gaming-markets/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Many of the world's largest video game developers are based in the USA, like [[Take-Two Interactive]], [[Electronic Arts]], [[Activision Blizzard]], and [[Xbox Game Studios]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Gray|first=Jasmine|date=2022-08-25|title=The 10 Largest Video Game Companies In The World, And What They Do|url=https://history-computer.com/largest-video-game-companies-in-the-world-and-what-they-do/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=History-Computer|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230115121540/https://history-computer.com/largest-video-game-companies-in-the-world-and-what-they-do/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Measurement:
The United States is the only developed country that doesn't officially use the [[metric system]]. Instead, the [[United States customary units]] are the official measurement system used, though certain fields like [[science]] use the metric system. There were also attempts at [[metrication]] in the past, most notably in the 1970s, but they have been struck down.

==پڻ ڏسو== 
==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
{{Sisterlinks|گڏيل رياستن}}
*
; Government
* [http://www.usa.gov/ Official U.S. Government Web Portal] Gateway to governmental sites
* [http://www.whitehouse.gov/ White House] Official site of the President of the United States
* [https://www.senate.gov/ Senate] Official site of the United States Senate
* [http://www.house.gov/ House] Official site of the United States House of Representatives
* [{{SCOTUS URL}} Supreme Court] Official site of the Supreme Court of the United States
*[https://web.archive.org/web/19990220002603/https://www.loc.gov/index.html Library of Congress] Official site of the [[Library of Congress]]

; Overviews and data
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20000829075233/http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/factover/ Portrait of the United States] Overview from the U.S. Information Agency
*[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html United States]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225135647/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html%20 |date=2018-12-25 }}. CIA ''World Factbook'' entry.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060828224303/http://www.britannica.com/nations/United-States United States] ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' entry
*[https://web.archive.org/web/19970101150136/https://www.census.gov/hhes/www/ U.S. Census Housing and Economic Statistics] Wide-ranging data from the U.S. Census Bureau
*[http://www.ers.usda.gov/statefacts/ State Fact Sheets] Population, employment, income, and farm data from the U.S. Economic Research Service
*[http://www.teacheroz.com/states.htm The 50 States of the U.S.A.] Collected informational links for each state

; History
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080314143240/http://www.nationalcenter.org/HistoricalDocuments.html Historical documents] Collected by the National Center for Public Policy Research
* [http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm U.S. National Mottos: History and Constitutionality]. {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20061212193931/http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm |date=2006-12-12 }}. Analysis by the Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance.
* [http://www.historicalstatistics.org/index2.html USA] Collected links to historical data

; Maps
* {{Wikiatlas|the United States}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20091021182322/http://www.nationalatlas.gov/ National Atlas of the United States] Official maps from the U.S. Department of the Interior

;Other
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061102175016/http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services] Official government site

{{United States topics}}
{{United States}}
{{North America}}
{{G8}}
{{Group of 7}}
{{North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO)}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:United States| ]]
[[Category:English-speaking countries]]
[[Category:G8 nations]]
[[Category:G7 nations]]
[[Category:Federations]]
[[Category:1776 establishments in North America]]
[[Category:Spanish-speaking countries]]

== حوالا ==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل آمريڪي رياستون]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل قومن جا ڀاتي ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا جون گڏيل رياستون]]</text>
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      <text bytes="66356" sha1="835jwv37qu28itotqj4948gkjzjh8ag" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس آف آمريڪا
| common_name = يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس
| image_flag = Animated-Flag-USA.gif
| image_coat = Great Seal of the United States (obverse).svg
| symbol_type = وڏي مھر
| national_motto = &lt;div style=&quot;padding-bottom:0.5em;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;&quot;پنھنجو ڀروسو خدا تي آ&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{USC|36|302}} ''National motto''&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[#God|Dept. of Treasury, 2011]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{{collapsible list
 |title = ''{{nobold|Other traditional mottos &amp;nbsp;}} ''
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:1.15em;
 |liststyle = text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[E pluribus unum]]&quot;|italics=off}} {{small|(de facto)}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot; ڪيترن مان ھڪ&quot;}}
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[Annuit cœptis]]&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot; ھن (خدا) ئي اسان جي مدد ڪئي آ&quot;}}
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[Novus ordo seclorum]]&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot;ھر دور جي نئين ابتدا &quot;}}
}}
| national_anthem = &quot;چمڪندڙ تارن وارو بينر&quot;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;{{center|[[فائل:Star Spangled Banner instrumental.ogg]]}}
----
{{center|'''March:''' &quot;[[The Stars and Stripes Forever]]&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;national march&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=U.S. Code: Title 36, 304|work=United States Code|location=United States|publisher=Cornell Law School|url=http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode36/usc_sec_36_00000304----000-.html|date=August 12, 1998|accessdate=February 15, 2015|quote=The composition by John Philip Sousa entitled 'The Stars and Stripes Forever' is the national march.}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}&lt;br/&gt;{{center|[[فائل:The Stars and Stripes Forever - U.S. Navy Band.ogg]]}}
| image_map = USA orthographic.svg &lt;!-- consensus map, see talk page --&gt;
| map_caption = يونائٽيڊ اسٽيٽس جنھن ۾ الاسڪا ۽ ھوائي بہ شامل ڏيکاريل آهن
| alt_map = اتر آمريڪا جي کنڊ ۾ يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس سائي رنگ ۾ نمايان
| image_map2 = US insular areas SVG.svg|700px
| alt_map2 = [[يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس ۽ ان جا علائقا|علائقا]]
| map_caption2 = گڏيل آمريڪي رياستون ۽ انھن جا علائقا
| map_width = 220px
| capital = [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]]
| latd = 38
| latm = 53
| latNS = N
| longd = 77
| longm = 01
| longEW = W
| largest_city = [[نيويارڪ سٽي]]&lt;br/&gt;
{{small|{{coord|40|43|N|74|00|W|display=inline}}}}
| official_languages = وفاقي سطح تي ڪابہ سرڪاري ٻولي ناھي
| languages_type = قومي ٻولي
| languages = [[انگريزي ٻولي]]{{ref label|engfactobox|b|}}&lt;!---NOTE: Just English, don't add &quot;American English&quot;---&gt;
| official_religion = ڪوبہ نہ
| demonym = [[آمريڪن]] يا [[آمريڪي]]
| ethnic_groups = *  72.41%: گورا
*12.61% : ڪارا
*9.11%: گھڻ نسلي  
*4.75%: ايشيائي
*1.12% : ريڊ انڊين
| government_type = [[وفاقي]] [[صدارتي]] [[آئيني ريپبلڪ]]
| leader_title1 = [[صدر]]
| leader_name1 = [[ڊونالڊ ٽرمپ]]
| leader_title2 = نائب صدر
| leader_name2 = مائيڪ پينس
| leader_title3 = اسپيڪر آف ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
| leader_name3 = پائل ريئن
| leader_title4 = چيف جسٽس
| leader_name4 = جان رابرٽس
| legislature = ڪانگريس
| upper_house = سينيٽ
| lower_house = ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
| sovereignty_type = &lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
برطانيا کان آزادي &lt;/div&gt;
| established_event1 = آمريڪا جي آزادي جو پڌرنامو
| established_date1 = 4 جولاءِ، 1776ع
| established_event2 = ڪنفيڊريشن جو قيام
| established_date2 = پھرين مارچ، 1781ع
| established_event3 = پيرس معاھدو (1783)
| established_date3 = 3 سيپٽمبر، 1783ع
| established_event4 = آمريڪا جو آئين
| established_date4 = 21 جون، 1788ع
| established_event5 = اتر مرينا ٻيٽ
| established_date5 = 24 مارچ، 1976ع
| area_rank = 3rd/4th
| area_magnitude = 1 E+12
| area_km2 = 98,57,306
| area_sq_mi = 38,05,927
| percent_water = 7.1
| area_label = جملي پکيڙ
| area_label2 = خشڪي جي پکيڙ
| area_data2 = 91,58,022 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;br/&gt;35,35,932 چورس ميل
| area_footnote = 
| population_census_year = 2010ع
| population_census_rank = ٽيون
| population_census = 309,349,689&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.census.gov/popest/data/intercensal/national/tables/US-EST00INT-01.xls PDF].U.S. census department data.&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate = 322,369,319&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popclock/|title=U.S. and World Population Clock|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=December 21, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2016ع
| population_estimate_rank = ٽيون
| population_density_km2 = 35 &lt;!--figures use (population/land area) as of May 2015--&gt;
| population_density_sq_mi = 90.6 &lt;!--figures use (population/land area) as of May 2015--&gt;
| population_density_rank = 180هون
| GDP_PPP_year = 2014ع
| GDP_PPP = 17.419 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_rank = بيون
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = 54,629 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 10هون
| GDP_nominal = 17.419 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2015/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=33&amp;pr.y=7&amp;sy=2014&amp;ey=2015&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=111&amp;s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC&amp;grp=0&amp;a=|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|publisher=IMF}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_nominal_rank = پهريون
| GDP_nominal_year = 2014ع
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = 54,629 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = پنجهون
| Gini_year = 2013ع
| Gini_change = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini = 40.8  &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_ref = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=OECD Income Distribution Database: Gini, poverty, income, Methods and Concepts|url=http://www.oecd.org/els/soc/income-distribution-database.htm|website=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Global inequality: How the U.S. compares|url=http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2013/12/19/global-inequality-how-the-u-s-compares/|website=Pew Research}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Income Distribution and Poverty : by country – INEQUALITY|url=http://stats.oecd.org/index.aspx?queryid=46189|website=OECD}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_year = 2014&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change = increase&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI = 0.915 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr_2015_statistical_annex.pdf |title=2015 Human Development Report  |date=2015 |accessdate=December 14, 2015 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank = 8th
| EF_year = 2007
| EF = {{decrease}} 8.0 gha&lt;ref name=&quot;EF&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.footprintnetwork.org/images/uploads/Ecological_Footprint_Atlas_2010.pdf |title=Ecological Footprint Atlas 2010 |publisher=Global Footprint Network |accessdate=July 11, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| EF_rank = 6th
| currency = آمريڪي ڊالر ($)
| currency_code = USD
| country_code = USA
| utc_offset = −4 to −12, +10, +11
| utc_offset_DST = −4 to −10{{ref label|UTCbox|d|}}
| calling_code = [[North American Numbering Plan|+1]]
| iso3166code = US
| date_format = MM/DD/YYYY
| drives_on = ساڄو پاسو
{{ref label|driving|e|}}
| cctld = {{nowrap|[[.us]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.gov]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.mil]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.edu]]}}
| footnote_a = 
| footnote_b = 
}}
[[فائل:United States (orthographic projection).svg|کاٻو|thumb|300px]]
'''آمريڪا جون گڏيل رياستون''' {{ٻيا نالا|انگريزي= ''' United States of America'''}} جنهن کي '''يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس'''، '''يو ايس''' يا '''آمريڪا''' به چيو ويندو آهي، 50 رياستن تي مشتمل هڪ جمهوري ملڪ آهي.  هي ملڪ اتر آمريڪا کنڊ ۾ واقع آهي. هتان جي گادي جو هنڌ [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]] ۽ سڀ کان وڏو شهر [[نيويارڪ]] آهي. 50 مان 48 رياستون هڪ ئي هنڌ [[ڪئناڊا]] جي ڏکڻ ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو]] جي اتر ۾ واقع آهن، جڏهن ته هڪ رياست [[الاسڪا]] باقي ملڪ کان پري [[ڪئناڊا]] جي اولھه ۾ ۽ ٻي رياست [[هوائي]] باقي ملڪ جي اولھ ۾ [[پيسفڪ سمنڊ|پئسفڪ سمنڊ]] ۾ آهي. آمريڪا جي اتر-اولهه واري رياست [[واشنگٽن رياست]] آهي. آمريڪا جي ڪل آبادي 34 ڪروڙ آهي ۽ هي آبادي جي لحاظ کان دنيا جو  ٽيون وڏو ملڪ آهي. هي ملڪ سال 1776ع ۾ قائم ٿيو. ناڻي ۽ فوجي طاقت جي لحاظ کان دنيا ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ طاقتور آهي.[[فائل:Bald Eagle Portrait.jpg|thumb|upright| بالڊ ايگل جيڪو 1782 کان وٺي آمريڪا جو قومي پکي آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;McDougall2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=Len McDougall |title=The Encyclopedia of Tracks and Scats: A Comprehensive Guide to the Trackable Animals of the United States and Canada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9XOc2_u7z6cC&amp;pg=PA325 |year=2004 |publisher=Lyons Press |isbn=978-1-59228-070-4 |page=325}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

پيلو-انڊين 12,000 سال اڳ کان وڌيڪ بيرنگ زميني پل جي پار لڏي ويا. برطانوي نوآباديات 1607 ۾ ورجينيا ۾ تيرهن ڪالونين جي پهرين آبادي جو سبب بڻيو. ٽيڪس ۽ سياسي نمائندگي تي برطانوي تاج سان ٽڪراءَ آمريڪي انقلاب کي جنم ڏنو، ٻي ڪانٽينينٽل ڪانگريس 4 جولاءِ 1776ع تي آزاديءَ جو باضابطه اعلان ڪيو. انقلابي جنگ (1775-1783)، ملڪ اتر آمريڪا ۾ وڌندو رهيو. جيئن وڌيڪ رياستون داخل ڪيون ويون، غلاميءَ تي سيڪشنل ڊويزن آمريڪا جي ڪنفيڊرٽ رياستن جي علحدگيءَ جو سبب بڻيون، جن 1861-1865 آمريڪي گهرو ويڙهه دوران يونين جي باقي رياستن سان وڙهيو. يونين جي فتح ۽ تحفظ سان، غلامي کي قومي طور تي ختم ڪيو ويو. 1890ع  تائين، آمريڪا پاڻ کي هڪ عظيم طاقت طور قائم ڪيو. ڊسمبر 1941ع ۾ پرل هاربر تي جاپان جي حملي کان پوءِ، آمريڪا ٻي عالمي جنگ ۾ داخل ٿيو. جنگ جي نتيجي ۾ آمريڪا ۽ سوويت يونين کي دنيا جي ٻن سپر پاورن جي طور تي ڇڏي ويو ۽ سرد جنگ جو سبب بڻيو، جنهن دوران ٻنهي ملڪن نظرياتي تسلط ۽ بين الاقوامي اثر رسوخ لاءِ جدوجهد ۾ مصروف ٿي ويا. سوويت يونين جي ٽٽڻ ۽ 1991ع ۾ سرد جنگ جي خاتمي کانپوءِ، آمريڪا دنيا جي واحد سپر پاور طور اڀري آيو. يو ايس جي قومي حڪومت هڪ صدارتي آئيني جمهوريه آهي ۽ لبرل جمهوريت ٽن الڳ شاخن سان: قانون ساز، انتظامي، ۽ عدالتي. هن ۾ هڪ ٻه رڪني قومي قانون سازي آهي جيڪا هائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽوز تي مشتمل آهي، آبادي جي بنياد تي هيٺيون ايوان؛ ۽ سينيٽ، هر رياست جي برابر نمائندگي تي ٻڌل هڪ اپر ايوان. رياستن ۽ ڪيترن ئي علائقن کي انتهائي خودمختياري ڏني وئي آهي، هڪ سياسي ڪلچر سان جيڪو زور ڏئي ٿو آزادي، برابري قانون تحت، انفراديت، ۽ محدود حڪومت. دنيا جي سڀ کان وڌيڪ ترقي يافته ملڪن مان هڪ، آمريڪا 1890ع کان وٺي سڀ کان وڏي نامياتي GDP رکي ٿو ۽ 2023ع ۾ عالمي معيشت جو 15 سيڪڙو حصو رکي ٿو. او اي سي ڊي ملڪن جي وچ ۾ في ماڻهون جي سڀ کان وڌيڪ ڊسپوزيبل گهريلو آمدني. آمريڪا انساني حقن، اقتصادي مقابلي، پيداوار، جدت ۽ اعليٰ تعليم ۾ دنيا جي اعليٰ ترين ملڪن ۾ شمار ٿئي ٿو. ان جي سخت طاقت ۽ ثقافتي اثر عالمي پهچ آهي. يو ايس ورلڊ بئنڪ، آرگنائيزيشن آف آمريڪن اسٽيٽس، نيٽو ۽ گڏيل قومن جو باني ميمبر آهي، گڏوگڏ گڏيل قومن جي سلامتي ڪائونسل جو مستقل ميمبر آهي.

== تاريخ ==
1000ع ۾ [[ليف ايرڪسن]] نالي هڪ مهم جُو يورپي جهازي [[اتر آمريڪا]] جي سامونڊي حدن ۾ اچي داخل ٿيو. 12 آڪٽوبر 1492ع ۾ [[ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس]] (Christopher Columbus) ائٽلانٽڪ وڏي سمنڊ ۾ طوفان جي وڪڙ ۾ اچي آمريڪي ڪناري تي پهتو ۽ [[سين سلويڊور]] San Slavador ٻيٽ تي لنگر انداز ٿيو.
[[ڪيليفورنيا]] جنهن کي گولڊن اسٽيٽ به سڏيو ويندو آهي، تنهنجي [[ايل ڊوراڊو]] El Dorado علائقي ۾ سڀني کان پهرين پهچندڙ اسپيني ماڻهن هتي سون جي ڳولا ۾ پهتا. 
1607ع ۾ [[ورجينا]] رياست جي [[جيمس ٽائون]]James Town شهر ۾ انگريزن جي پهرين ڪالوني قائم ٿي ۽ انگريز سڀ کان پهرين هن شهر ۾ اچي آباد ٿيا.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=ٽوئر ٽو آمريڪا (عبدالحئي پليجو) {{!}} سنڌ سلامت ڪتاب گهر&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt; |url=http://books.sindhsalamat.com/book.php?book_id=327#16407 |accessdate=2016-09-27 |archive-date=2017-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912103147/http://books.sindhsalamat.com/book.php?book_id=327#16407 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;ڪتاب: ٽوئر ٽو آمريڪا&lt;/ref&gt;

[[فائل:Declaration independence.jpg|thumb|ڊڪليئريشن آف انڊپنڏنس ( خودمختياري جو اعلان) جو جان ٽرمبول پاران ٺاھيل پينٽنگ]]

برطانيا جون آمريڪي ڪالونيون 1776 ۾ برطانيا کان الڳ ٿي ويون ۽ انھن کي 1783 ۾ پيرس واري معاھدي ذريعي يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس آف آمريڪا جي نالي سان ھڪ نئين قوم جي سڃاڻپ ملي. گڏيل رياستن ۾ پھرين 13 رياستون ھيون ۽ 19 کان 20 صدي دوران ٻيون 37 رياستون بہ ان ۾ شامل ٿي ويون.آمريڪا جي تاريخ ۾ ھڪ ڏکيو دور گهرو ويڙهه وارو ھيو جيڪا 1861 کان 1865 تائين ھلي 

[[فائل:Thure de Thulstrup - L. Prang and Co. - Battle of Gettysburg - Restoration by Adam Cuerden (cropped).jpg|thumb|گهرو ويڙهه دوران [[گيٽس برگ واري لڙائي]] (Battle of Gettysburg) جي  مصور  [[ٿيوئر ڊي ٿلسٽرپ]] پاران ٺاھيل پينٽنگ]] 

جنھن ۾ اتر وارين رياستن جي يونين ۽ ڏکڻ وارين رياستن جي [[ڪنفيڊريشن]] جي وچ ۾ جنگ ھلي جيڪا اتر وارين رياستن کٽي ھئي. آمريڪا جي تاريخ جو ٻيو ڏکيو دور 1930 واري ڏھاڪي جو معاشي بحران آھي جنھن ۾ آمريڪا جي مزدورن جو چوٿون حصو نوڪريون ختم ٿي وڃڻ جي ڪري بي روزگار ٿي ويو.

[[فائل:Crowd outside nyse.jpg|thumb|1929 کان پوءِ ٿيندڙ معاشي گھوٽالي جي ڪري ماڻھو وال اسٽريٽ ۾ گڏ ٿيندي]]
پھرين ۽ ٻين جنگ عظيم جي فتح ۽ 1991 ۾ سرد جنگ جي خاتمي آمريڪا کي ھڪ سپر پاور بڻائي ڇڏيو.آمريڪي معيشت ۽ [[ٽيڪنالاجي]]۾ بي حد اضافو ٿيو آھي. ھن وقت آمريڪا دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي معيشت آھي. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
4 -اپريل- 1789ع تي -آمريڪا- جو -آئين- نافذ ٿيو. 30 -اپريل- 1789ع تي -[[جارج واشنگٽن]]- -آمريڪا- جو پهريون صدر ٿيو. 1861ع کان 1865ع تائين -آمريڪا- گھرو -جنگ- ۾ مبتلا رهيو، ڇو ته ڏاکڻين رياستن جي ڪارن غلامن -آزادي- پئي گهري. آمريڪي صدر ابراهام لنڪن غلاميءَ جو خاتمو آندو. 30 مارچ 1867ع تي روس [[الاسڪا]] جي رياست 7 ملين ڊالرن عيوض -آمريڪا- کي وڪڻي ڇڏي. 17 ڊسمبر 1903ع تي -آمريڪا- جي [[رائيٽ برادران]] ([[ولبرٽ رائيٽ]] ۽ [[آرويل رائيٽ]]) هڪ ننڍي هوائي جهاز ۾، جيڪو مشين سان هلندو هو، -[[اتر ڪيرولينا]] جي [[ڪٽيهاڪ]] ميدانن -تان- پهرئين -اڏام- ڪئي، ٻئي ڀائر جهاز ۾ موجود هئا.  
1906ع ۾ آمريڪي صدر [[روز ويلٽ]] کي پهريون ڀيرو امن جو نوبل -انعام- مليو. 06 -اپريل- 1917ع تي -آمريڪا- پهرين عالمي -جنگ- ۾ شامل ٿيو. 13 -اپريل- 1935ع تي دنيا جي پهرئين ايئر سروس جي شروعات ڪيائين. -ٻي عالمي جنگ- ۾ [[جاپان]] جي هٿيار ڦٽا نه ڪرڻ سبب -آمريڪا- 6 -آگسٽ- 1945ع تي [[هيروشيما]] ۽ 9 -آگسٽ- 1945ع تي [[ناگاساڪي]] تي ايٽم -بم- ڪيرايا، جنهن سان بي انداز -جاني- نقصان ٿيو ۽ -آمريڪا- دنيا تي هڪ هٽي قائم ڪري ورتي. 5 مئي 1961ع تي ايلن بي شيپرڊ پهرئين آمريڪي خلاباز جي حيثيت سان خلا ۾ -اڏام- ڪئي. 22 نومبر 1963ع تي صدر جان ايف ڪينيڊيءَ کي قتل ڪيو ويو. 1968ع ۾ ڪارن جي حقن لاءِ آواز اٿاريندڙ اڳواڻ [[مارٽن لوٿرڪنگ]] کي قتل ڪيو ويو. 20 -جولاءِ- 1969ع تي آمريڪي خلائي جهاز اپولو II وسيلي خلاباز [[نيل آرمسٽرانگ|نيل آمسٽرانگ]]، [[ايڊون ايلڊرن]] ۽ [[مائيڪل ڪولينز]] چنڊ تي لٿا، جنهن کي سڄي دنيا جي عوام ٽي ويءَ تي سڌو سنئون ڏٺو. 26 فيبروري 1991ع تي -آمريڪا- [[ڪويت]] کي [[عراق]] جي قبضي مان ڇڏايو. 07 نومبر 2000ع جي صدارتي چونڊن ۾ جارج واڪر بش صدر چونڊجي آيو. 11 سيپٽمبر 2001ع تي ٻه مسافرن سان ڀريل جهاز [[ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر]] ۽ آمريڪي وزارت دفاع جي آفيس [[پينٽاگون]] سان ٽڪرائجي ويا ۽ ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر جا ٻئي ٽاور پٽ اچي پيا. -

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آمريڪا- -ان- دهشت گرديءَ جو ذميوار [[اسامه بن لادن]] کي قرار ڏنو، جيڪو -[[افغانستان]]- ۾ [[طالبان]] جو مهمان هو. انهيءَ الزام هيٺ -افغانستان- تي حملو ڪري طالبان جي حڪومت جو خاتمو آندو ويو. اها لڙائي اڃا به -جاري- آهي، 2003ع جي سياري ۾ -آمريڪا- عراق تي حملو ڪري [[صدام حسين]] کي گرفتار ڪري، کيس عدالت ذريعي ڦاهي ڏياري. عراق ۾ هينئر به نيٽو فورسز ويڙهاڪن کي منهن ڏيئي رهي آهي. -آمريڪا- 51 رياستن جو وفاق آهي، -جتي- صدارتي طرز جي حڪومت قائم آهي. صدر رياست جو مملڪتي اڳواڻ سربراهه (هيڊ آف اسٽيٽ)، حڪومت جو اڳواڻ، سڀني آئيني ۽ انتظامي اختيارن جو مالڪ ۽ هٿياربند فوجن جو سپريم ڪمانڊر آهي. صدر عوام جي ووٽن سان چئن سالن لاءِ چونڊبو آهي. ڪابينا ۽ رياستي گورنرن جي چونڊ صدر پاڻ ڪندو آهي. هن وقت آمريڪا جو صدر  [[ڊونلڊ ٽرمپ|ڊونالڊ ٽرمپ]] آهي آمريڪا  جو اڳوڻو صدر [[بارڪ اوباما|بارڪ حسين اوباما]] ھو    جيڪو -تاريخ- جو پهريون سربراهه ھيو، جنهن جو تعلق ڪاري نسل سان ھيو. هن کي 2009ع جو امن جو نوبل -انعام- به مليو . -آمريڪا- جي آزاديءَ جو ڏهاڙو 04 -جولاءِ- 1776ع آهي، ۽ کيس گڏيل قومن جي اداري (UNO) جي ميمبرشپ 24 -آڪٽوبر- 1945ع کان حاصل آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[http://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=آمريڪا آمريڪا : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;

[[فائل:Liberty-statue-from-below.jpg|thumb|کاٻو|نيويارڪ سٽي ۾[[اسٽيچو آف لبرٽي]] جيڪو 1886 ۾ آمريڪا  جيڪو آمريڪا جي نشان طور سڃاتو وڃي ٿو پر ان سان آمريڪي جمھوريت، آزادي ۽ موقعي جي بہ سڃاڻپ طور مشھور آھي  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| title = Statue of Liberty| work=World Heritage| publisher=UNESCO| url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307| accessdate = October 20, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

== جاگرافي ==
[[فائل:USA-satellite.jpg|thumb|آمريڪا جي گڏيل رياستن جي سيٽلائيٽ ذريعي نڪتل تصوير جنھن ۾ ان جي پسگردائي پڻ ڏيکاريل آهي]]
[[فائل:US 50 states Köppen.svg|thumb|کاٻو| ڪوپن واري آبهوا جي درجہ بندي]]
ھي ملڪ اتر کان ڏکڻ ۾ [[ڪيناڊا]] ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو]] ۽ اوڀر کان اولھ [[ائٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] ۽ [[پيسفڪ سمنڊ]] جي وچ ۾ واقع آهي. ھن ملڪ جو جاگرافيائي محل وقوع 38 00 N, 97 00 W آھي.ملڪ جي ايراضي  9,833,517 چورس ڪلوميٽر جن مان
9,147,593 چورس ڪلوميٽر خشڪي 685,924 چورس ڪلوميٽر پاڻي آھي. ھن ملڪ ۾ 50 رياستون ۽ ھڪ وفاقي ٽيريٽري جنھن جو نالو [[ڊسٽرڪٽ آف ڪولمبيا]] آهي جنھن ۾ وفاقي گاديءَ جو هنڌ [[واشنگٽن]] واقع آهي. ھي دنيا جو پکيڙ ۾ چوٿون وڏو ملڪ آهي.ھن جي زمين واري سرحد جملي 12,048 ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان ڪيناڊا سان  اتر واري پاسي  8,893 ڪ.م. ۽ الاسڪا واري پاسي کان ڪيناڊا سان 2,477 ڪ.م. اٿس باقي ميڪسيڪو سان  زميني سرحد 3,155 ڪ.م. آهي.ھن ملڪ جي [[گوانٽانامو بي]] ۾ فوجي اڏي واري زمين ڪيوبا جو حصو آهي ۽ اھا ڪيوبا کان ليز تي ورتل آھي ان جي زميني سرحد 28.5 ڪ.م. آهي. ھن ملڪ جي ساحلي سرحد 19,924 ڪ. م. آھي ۽ ان جي سرحدي حد سمنڊ طرف 12 ناٽيڪل ميل آھي. ملڪ جو ساحلي معاشي زون سمنڊ طرف 200 ناٽيڪل ميل
آھي.آمريڪا جي سمند جي سطح کان سراسري بلندي 720 ميٽر آھي. ان جو سڀ کان اونھو مقام [[موت جي وادي]] (Death Valley)آھي جيڪا سمند جي سطح کان 86 ميٽر اونھي آھي. سڀ کان اوچو مقام [[مائونٽ ميڪ ڪنلي]](McKinley) ۾ [[ڊينالي]](Denali) آهي جيڪو 6,190 ميٽر اوچو آهي.قدرتي وسيلن ۾ ھتي [[ڪوئلو]] ،[[ٽامو]]، [[شيھو]]، [[موليبيڊنيم]]، [[فاسفيٽ]]، [[يورينيم]]، [[باڪسائيٽ]]، [[سون]]، [[لوھ]]، [[پارو]]، [[نڪل]]، [[پوٽاش]]، [[چاندي]] , [[ٽنگسٽن]]، [[جست]]، [[پيٽرول]] [[عمارتي ڪاٺ]] جي دولت سان ڀريل آهي. دنيا م ڪوئلي جا سڀ کان گھڻا ذخيرا ھن ملڪ  اھن جيڪي  491 ارب ٽن آھن جيڪي سڄي دنيا جي ڪوئلي جو 27 سيڪڙو آھن.
ھن ملڪ جي  44.5 سيڪڙو زمين زرخيز آهي جنھن جو  16.8 سيڪڙو زمين تي پوک ٿيندي آهي جنھن مان 3 سيڪڙو تي مستقل پوک ٿيندي آهي، 27.4 سيڪڙو زمين تي چراگاھون آھن ۽ 33.3 سيڪڙو تي ٻيلا آھن.2012 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبپاشي واري زمين  264,000 چورس ڪلوميٽر  ھئي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
هن ملڪ جي گڏيل رياستن جو سرڪاري نالو “United States of America” آهي.”-آمريڪا-“ نالو، هڪ اٽالين جهازي امريگو وسپوسي جي نالي تي رکيو ويو، جيڪو 1497ع ۾ هتي آيو هو. -آمريڪا- جي -اتر- ۾ ڪيناڊا، -اوڀر- ۾ ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ، ڏکڻ ۾ ميڪسيڪو ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو نار]] ۽ اولهه ۾ پيسفِڪ سمنڊ آهن. گڏيل رياستن تي ٻڌل -آمريڪا-، ڪيناڊا ۽ ميڪسيڪو جي وچ ۾ آهي. هن جي هڪ رياست هوائي ٻيٽ سان فرانسسڪو کان 3870 ڪلوميٽر (2400 ميل) ڏکڻ اولهه طرف آهي. اڀرندي ۽ الهندي وارن علائقن ۾ ڊگھا جابلو سلسلا آهن. -آمريڪا- جي ڪل پکيڙ 9،160،454 چورس ڪلوميٽر (3،535،935 چورس ميل) ۽ آبادي 28 ڪروڙ آهي، گاديءَ جو هنڌ واشنگٽن (Washington) ۽ سڀ کان مٿانهون هنڌ مائونٽ ميڪنلي (6194 ميٽر) آهي. هن ملڪ جي سرڪاري -ٻولي- -انگريزي- ۽ ڪرنسي يو -ايس- ڊالر آهي، جيڪا دنيا جي وڌيڪ هلندڙ ۽ اهم ڪرنسي آهي. -آمريڪا- جي موسم، مختلف علائقن جي آبهوا جي حوالي سان مختلف آهي. گھڻي قدر موسم -ٿڌي- ۽ خوشگوار رهندي آهي. -آمريڪا- جي زرعي پيداوار ۾ ڪپهه، ڪڻڪ، جؤ، مڪئي، پٽاٽا، سويابين، داليون، ميوا ۽ ڀاڄيون آهن. مکيه صنعتن ۾ جهاز سازي، هٿيار، ميزائيل وغيره، پيٽروليم جون شيون، ڀاڻ، لوهه، موٽر گاڏيون، سيمنٽ، ڪپڙو، اليڪٽرانڪ -اوزار-، ڪيميائي شيون، دوائون، ڪمپيوٽر، پلاسٽڪ شامل آهن ۽ مکيه معدنيات ۾ -تيل-، ڪوئلو، -ٽامو-، موليڊنيم، فاسفيٽ، يورينيم، باڪسائٽ، سون، لوهه، پارو، نقل، پوٽاش ۽ -ٽنگسٽن شامل آهن.&lt;ref&gt;[http://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=آمريڪا آمريڪا : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;

== آبادي ۽ ڊيموگرافي ==

جولائي 2017 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبادي  326,625,791 ھئي جنھن مطابق ھي ملڪ دنيا جو ٽيون نمبر وڏو ملڪ آهي.جستان جي ماڻهن کي آمريڪي يا امريڪن سڏيو ويندو آهي.ھتسم جا 72.4 سيڪڙو ماڻهو گورا، 12.6 سيڪڙو ڪارا، 4.8 سيڪڙو ايشيائي، 0.9 سيڪڙو ريڊ انڊين ۽ الاسڪا جا اصلي رھاڪو،0.2 سيڪڙو ھوائين ۽ٻياپئسفڪ ٻيٽن جا رھاڪو، ۽ باقي 6.2 سيڪڙو ٻيا.

[[فائل:Most common ancestries in the United States.svg|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن ۾ غالب نسل&lt;br&gt;{{Legend0|#0075ff|[[جرمن آمريڪي|جرمن]]}} {{Legend0|#ff0000|''[[آمريڪن نسل وارو ماڻھو|آمريڪي نسل]]''}} {{Legend0|#ff7500| [[ميڪسيڪن آمريڪي|ميڪسيڪن]]}} {{Legend0|#007500|[[آئرش آمريڪي|آئرش]]}} {{Legend0|#00ffff|[[آفريڪن آمريڪي|آفريڪي]]}} {{Legend0|#7500ff|[[اطالوي آمريڪي|اطالوي]]}} {{Legend0|#750075|[[انگريزي نسل وارا آمريڪي|انگريز]]}} {{Legend0|#ffff00|[[جپاني آمريڪي|جپاني]]}} {{Legend0|#d93190|[[پورٽوريڪي]]}}]]

انگريزي ڳالهائيندڙن جو تعداد ھن ملڪ ۾ 79 سيڪڙو آھي، اسپيني 13 سيڪڙو، انڊو يورپين ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 3.7 سيڪڙو ، ايشيا ۽ پيسفڪ جون ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 3.4 سيڪڙو، باقي ٻيون ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 1 سيڪڙو.
آمريڪا جي وفاق جي ڪابہ سرڪاري ٻولي ناھي پر انگريزي 50 مان 32 رياستن جي سرڪاري ٻولي بڻجي وئي آھي. ھوائين بہ ھوائي رياست جي سرڪاري ٻولي آھي.
ھتان جي 46.5 سيڪڙو آبادي پروٽيسٽنٽ آھي، رومن ڪيٿولڪ ھتي 20.8 سيڪڙو ،يھودي 1.9 سيڪڙو، مورمن (Mormon)1.6  سيڪڙو، ٻيا عيسائي 0.9 سيڪڙو، 0.9 سيڪڙو  مسلمان، 0.8 سيڪڙو يھوا جا شاھد، 0.7سيڪڙو  ٻڌ، 0.7 سيڪڙو ھندو، ۽ 1.8 سيڪڙو ٻيا مذھب
۽ 22.8 سيڪڙو لامذھب آھن
2017 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبادي جي واڌ جي شرح 0.81 سيڪڙو ھئي. 2018 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي شھري آبادي ملڪ جي آبادي جو 82.3 سيڪڙو ھئي.واشينگٽن جي آبادي 2015 ۾ 4.955 ملين ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}{{مئل ڳنڍڻو|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

{{US Census population
|1610= 350
|1620= 2302
|1630= 4646
|1640= 26634
|1650= 50368
|1660= 75058
|1670= 111935
|1680= 151507
|1690= 210372
|1700= 250888
|1710= 331711
|1720= 466185
|1730= 629445
|1740= 905563
|1750= 1170760
|1760= 1593625
|1770= 2148076
|1780= 2780369
|1790= 3929214
|1800= 5308483
|1810= 7239881
|1820= 9638453
|1830= 12866020
|1840= 17069453
|1850= 23191876
|1860= 31443321
|1870= 38558371
|1880= 50189209
|1890= 62979766
|1900= 76212168
|1910= 92228496
|1920= 106021537
|1930= 123202624
|1940= 132164569
|1950= 151325798
|1960= 179323175
|1970= 203211926
|1980= 226545805
|1990= 248709873
|2000= 281421906
|2010= 308745538
|align=right
|estyear=2017&lt;ref name=&quot;census1&quot;/&gt;
|estimate=325719178
|footnote=1610–1780 population data.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=CT1970p2-13: Colonial and Pre-Federal Statistics |url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/statcomp/documents/CT1970p2-13.pdf |website=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=August 20, 2015 |page=1168 |date=2004}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;Note that the census numbers do&lt;br/&gt;not include [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] until 1860.&lt;ref name=&quot;Census1860&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |title=Historical Census Statistics On Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For Large Cities And Other Urban Places In The United States  |website=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=May 28, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

== سياسي انتظام ۽ حڪومت ==

=== آمريڪا جو نالو ===
[[فائل:Amerigo Vespucci - Project Gutenberg etext 19997.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|کاٻو|امیریگو وسپوچی جی خیالی تصویر]]

آمريڪا جو نالو اٽلي جي کوجنا ڪندڙ جھازران ۽ ڪارٽوگرافر (نقشن ٺاھڻ جو ماھر) اميريگو وسپوچي (Amerigo Vespucci) (جنم: 1454؛ وفات:1512) جي نالي مان نڪتل آهي. جيڪو لاطيني اچار ۾ آمريڪس سڏبو هو جنھن مان وري بدلجي آمريڪا ٿي ويو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== وفاق ۽ رياستون ===
حڪومت جو قسم آئيني وفاقي ريپبلڪ آهي جنھن جو گاديءَ جو هنڌ واشنگٽن ڊي.سي. آهي جنھن جو محل وقوع 38 53 N, 77 02 W آھي.ملڪ جي وفاق ۾ 50 رياستون آھن جيڪي ڇھن ثائيم زونن ۾ اچن ٿيون.ام کان علاوه ھڪ ضلعو ڊسٽرڪٽ آف ڪولمبيا آھي جيڪو انھن رياستن کان علاوه آھي جنھن ۾ واشنگٽن شھر واقع آهي.رياستن جا نالا ھيٺ ڏجن ٿا:
#[[الاباما]] (Alabama)
#[[الاسڪا]] (Alaska)
#[[ايرزونا]] (Arizona)
#[[ارڪنسا]] (Arkansas)
#[[ڪيليفورنيا]] (California)
#[[ڪولراڊو]] (Colorado)
#[[ڪونيڪٽيڪٽ]] (Connecticut)
#[[ڊيلويئر]] (Delaware)
#[[فلوريڊا]] (Florida)
#[[جارجيا (آمريڪي رياست)|جارجيا]] (Georgia)
#[[ھوائي]] (Hawaii)
#[[آئيڊاھو]] (Idaho)
#[[الينوائي]] (Illinois)
#[[انڊيانا]] (Indiana)
#[[آيووا]] (Iowa)
#[[ڪنساس]] (Kansas)
#[[ڪنٽاڪي]] (Kentucky)
#[[لوئزيانا]] (Louisiana)
#[[مئن]] (Maine)
#[[ميري لينڊ]] (Maryland)
#[[مئسچوسٽس]] (Massachusetts)
#[[مشي گن]] (Michigan)
#[[منيسوٽا]] (Minnesota)
#[[مسيسيپي]] (Mississippi)
#[[مسوري]] (Missouri)
#[[مونٽانا]] (Montana)
#[[نبراسڪا]] (Nebraska)
#[[نويڊا]] (Nevada)
#[[نيو ھئمپشائر]] (New Hampshire)
#[[نيو جرسي]] (New Jersey)
#[[نيو ميڪسيڪو]] (New Mexico) 
#[[نيو يارڪ]] (New York)
#[[نارٿ ڪيرولينا]] (North Carolina)
#[[نارٿ ڊڪوٽا]] (North Dakota)
#[[اوھيو]] (Ohio)
#[[اوڪلاھاما]] (Oklahoma)
#[[اوريگون|اوريگان]] (Oregon)
#[[پينسلوانيا]](Pennsylvania)
#[[رھوڊ آئلينڊ]] ( Rhode Island )
#[[سائوٿ ڪيرولينا]] (South Carolina)
#[[سائوٿ ڊڪوٽا]] (South Dakota)
#[[ٽينيسي|ٽنيسي]] (Tennessee)
#[[ٽيڪساس]] (Texas)
#[[يوٽا]] (Utah)
#[[ورمونٽ]] (Vermont)
#[[ورجينيا]] (Virginia)
#[[واشنگٽن]] (Washington)
#[[ويسٽ ورجينيا]] (West Virginia)
#[[وسڪونسن|وسڪانسن]] (Wisconsin)
#[[ويومنگ]] (Wyoming)

{{multiple image
 | align             = کاٻو
 | direction         = vertical
 | caption_align     = center
 | image1            = Capitol Building Full View.jpg
 | caption1          = گاديءَ جو هنڌ &lt;br/&gt; جتي ڪانگريس واقع آهي&lt;br/&gt; کاٻي پاسي سينيٽ ۽ساڄي پاسي ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
 | image2            = WhiteHouseSouthFacade.JPG
 | caption2          = وائيٽ ھائوس: آمريڪا جي صدر جو گھر ۽ آفيس
 | image3            = USSupremeCourtWestFacade.JPG
 | caption3          = سپريم ڪورٽ بلڊنگ
}}

[[فائل:US states by date of statehood3 frame.png|alt=آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين]]

[[فائل:US states by date of statehood3.gif|alt=آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين]]

=== آمريڪي اختيار وارا علائقا ===
[[فائل:US.EEZ Pacific centered NOAA map.png|thumb|کاٻو| آمريڪا جو معاشي زون وارو نقشو جنھن ۾ سامونڊي حد ۽ قبضي وارا علائقا ڏيکاريل آهن.]]
ھيٺين علائقن ۾ آمريڪي حڪومت جو اختيار آهي.
*[[امريڪن ساموا]] (American Samoa)
*[[بيڪر آئلينڊ]] (Baker Island)
*[[گئام]] (Guam)
*[[ھائو لينڊ آئلينڊ]] (Howland Island)
*[[جاروس آئلينڊ]] (Jarvis Island)
*[[جانسٽن ايٽول]] (Johnston Atoll)
*[[ناواسا آئلينڊ]] (Navassa Island)
*[[نادرن مرينا آئلينڊس|اتر ماريانا آئلينڊز]] (Northern Mariana Islands)
*[[پيلمائرا ايٽول]] (Palmyra Atoll)
*[[پورٽو ريڪو]] (Puerto Rico)
*[[ورجن آئلينڊس|ورجن آئلينڊز]] (Virgin Islands)
*[[ويڪ آئلينڊ]] (Wake Island)

=== خودمختياري ===

ھن ملڪ 4 جولائي 1776 برطانيا بڻ کان خودمختياري حاصل ڪئي ان ڪري اھو ڏينھن آمريڪا ۾ قومي ڏينھن ۽ موڪل جو ڏينهن آھي  .3 سيپٽمبر 1783 ۾ برطانيا ان جي خودمختياري کي تسليم ڪيو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== قانوني سسٽم ===
آمريڪا جي وفاق ۾ سڀني رياستن ۾ سواءِ ھڪ جي ڪامن لا سسٽم آھي. رڳو ھڪ رياست لئوزيانا ۾ نيپولينڪ سول ڪوڊ لاڳو  آھي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== معيشت ==
ھن ملڪ جي معيشت دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي ۽  طاقتور معيشت آھي جنھن جي في ڪس جي ڊي پي 59500 يو.ايس.ڊالر آھي. ھن ملڪ جون ڪمپنيون ڪمپيوٽر, دوائن، ايئرواسپيس ۽ فوجي سازوسامان  جي ٽيڪنالاجي ۾ دنيا اندر ھراول آهن.  فوجي ٽيڪنالاجي جي دنيا اندر اھميت گھٽجڻ ڪري پرچيزنگ پاور پئرٽي مطابق 2014 ۾ ھن جي معيشت 2014 ۾ ٻئي نمبر تي اچي وئي جو پھرين نمبر تي چين اچي ويو.آمريڪا جي معيشت اڌ کان وڌيڪ ٻاھران درآمد ڪيل تيل تي ھلي ٿي جنھن ڪري تيل جي قيمتن ۾ واڌ معيشت کي گھڻو متاثر ڪري ٿي.
پرچيزنگ پاور پئرٽي يا قوت خريد جي ڀيٽ ۾ آمريڪا جي جي ڊي پي 2017 ۾ 19.36 ٽرلين 
جو ايس ڊالر ھئي.آفيشل ايڪسچينج ريٽ يا مٽاسٽا واري شرح مطابق بہ 19.36 ٽرلين يو.ايس.ڊالر ھئي. 2017 ۾ ملڪ جي مجموعي قومي بچت (Gross national saving) 17.5 سيڪڙو ھئي. ھن ملڪ جي زرعي پيداوار ۾  ڪڻڪ، مڪئي، ٻيا اناج، ميوا، وڏو گوشت، سوئر جو گوشت، سبزيون، ڪپھ، پولٽري، کير جون شيون، مڇي  شامل آهن. آمريڪا جي صنعت پيداوار جي لحاظ کان دنيا جي ٻيون نمبر وڏي صنعت آھي. صنعتي پيداوار ۾ پيٽروليم واريون شيون، گاڏيون، ايئرواسپيس، ٽيلي ڪميونيڪيشن، ڪيميڪل ,  اليڪٽرانڪس، فوڊ پروسيسنگ، صارفن واريون شيون (consumer goods), عمارتي ڪاٺ وارو سامان، کاڻين واري صنعت شامل آهن . آمريڪا ۾ ڪم ڪندڙن يا مزدوري جي سگھ (Labour power) 2017 ۾ 160400000 مزدورن تي مشتمل ھئي ان سگھ م ان سال ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ چوٿين نمبر تي ھيو. ان تعداد ۾ پيشي جي لحاظ کان 0.7 سيڪڙو فارمنگ، فشنگ ۽ فاريسٽري م،  20.3 سيڪڙو مينيوفيڪچرنگ، ٽرانسپورٽ، وغيره ۾ ، 37.3 سيڪڙو مينيجمينٽ، پيشورانہ ۽ فني شعبن ۾، 24.2 سيڪڙو  وڪري ۽ آفيس ورڪ ۾،17.6 سيڪڙو ٻين خدمتن ۾  ان سگھ ۾  بي روزگار  شامل ناھن. 2015 ۾ ملڪ جي 15.1 سيڪڙو آبادي غربت جي لڪير کان ھيٺ زندگي گذاريندڙ ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
=== بجيٽ ===
ھن ملڪ جي 2017 واري بجيٽ ۾ ملڪ جي آمدني 3.336 ٽرلين ڊالر،  خرچ 3.991 ٽرلين ڊالر ھيو. ملڪ جي 17.2 سيڪڙو آمدني ٽيڪس ۽ ٻين محصولن مان حاصل ٿي جيڪڏهنان ۾ سوشل سڪيورٽي وغيره کي بہ شامل ڪجي تہ پوءِ  ٽيڪس ۽ محصولن جي آمدني 22 سيڪڙو ھئي.2017 ۾ بجيٽ جو خسارو 3.4 سيڪڙو ھيو.ملڪ جو 2017 ۾ ڪرنٽ اڪائونٽ بيلنس 462 بلين ڊالر ھيو . ملڪ جون برآمدات 1.576 ٽرلين ڊالر ۽ درامدات 2.352 ٽرلين ڊالر ھيون . پرڏيهي مٽاسٽا لاء ذخيرو ۽ سون 117.3 بلين ڊالر ھيو.   &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== توانائي ==
[[فائل:UnitedStatesPowerGrid.jpg|thumb|آمريڪا جون بجلي جي ٽرانسميشن جون گرڊ اسٽيشنون جن جون {{convert|300000|km|mi|abbr=on}} 500 ڪمپنيون ھلائڻ ٿيون ۽نارٿ آمريڪن اليڪٽرڪ رلائبلٽي ڪارپوريشن انھن سڀني جي نگراني ڪندڙ آھي]]
ھن ملڪ جي 100 سيڪڙو آبادي بجلي سان مستفيد آھي.2015 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي بجلي جي پيداوار 4.088 کرب ڪلو واٽ ھئي.ان ڀيٽ سان ھي دنيا جو بجلي پيدا ڪندڙ ٻيون نمبر وڏو ملڪ ھيو. ساڳي سال بجلي جي کپت ھن ملڪ ۾ 3.911 کرب ڪلو واٽ ھئي. 2016 ۾ ھن ملڪ 9.695 ارب ڪلو واٽ بجلي برآمد ڪئي ۽ 80.66 ارب ڪلو واٽ بجلي درآمد ڪئي. ھن ملڪ جي بجلي جي پيداوار 2015 ۾ 70.6 سيڪڙو تيل تي ،9.2 سيڪڙو نيوڪليئر، 7.4 سيڪڙو ھائڊرل يا پاڻي واري توانائيءَ تي ۽ 10.7 سيڪڙو ٻي توانائي تي ٿيندي آهي.2016 ۾ ملڪ ۾ ڪچي تيل جي روزاني پيداوار 8.853 
ملين بيرل جي ھئي.ڪچي تيل جي برآمد ساڳي سال روزانو 590900 بيرل ھئي ۽ درآمد روزانو 7.85 ملين بيرل ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== مواصلات ==
ملڪ ۾ ٽيلیفون جا لڳل ڪنيڪشن 121.53 ملين آھن. جولاء، 2016ع جي صورتحال مطابق ملڪ 100 سيڪڙو آبادي انھن جو استعمال ڪندڙ آھي ۽ ان لحاظ کان ٻين ملڪن جي ڀيٽ ۾ ھي ملڪ ٽڪ ٽئين نمبر تي آهي. جولاء، 2016ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ موبائل فون جا 395.881 ملین ڪنيڪشن ھيا۽ ملڪ جي 100 سيڪڙو آبادي انھن کان مستفيد ھئي ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ ھي دنيا جو چوٿون نمبر وڏو ملڪ هيو. ملڪ جو فون جو مواصلاتي نظام جديد ترين ٽيڪنالاجيءَ وارو آھي جنھن ۾ [[فائبر آپٽڪ ڪيبل]]، [[مائڪرو ويو ريڊيو رلي]](microwave radio relay)، [[ڪوايڪسل ڪيبل]](coaxial cable) ۽ [[ڊوميسٽڪ سيٽلائيٽ سسٽم]] شامل آھن. ھن ملڪ جو [[انٽرنيشنل ڪنٽري ڪوڊ]] نمبر 1 آھي. ملڪ جو [[انٽرنيٽ ڪنٽري ڪوڊ]] .us آھي. جولاء،2016ع ۾ انٽرنيٽ جي استعمال ڪندڙن جو تعداد24,68,09,221 ھيو جيڪو ڪل آبادي جو 76.2 سيڪڙو ھيو ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ جي دنيا جو چوٿون وڏو ملڪ هيو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ٽرانسپورٽ ==
[[فائل:Map of current Interstates.svg|thumb|کاٻو|بين الرياستي روڊن جو ڄار  جنھن جي ڊيگھ جملي {{convert|46876|mi|km}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Interstate FAQ (Question #3) |publisher=Federal Highway Administration |year=2006 |url=http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/interstate/faq.htm#question3 |accessdate=March 4, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[فائل:North America Passenger Trains.png|thumb|کاٻو|&lt;center&gt;ريلوي نظام {{nowrap|
[[ShareMap:special/North America Passenger Trains|اندروني ملڪئ جو ريلوي نظام جو نقشو
]] &lt;/center&gt;]]

سال 2016ع ۾ سرڪاري ھوائي ٽرانسپورٽ ۾ ھن ملڪ جي رجسٽرڊ جھازن جو تعداد 92 آھي. غير سرڪاري ٽرانسپورٽ جو رجسٽرڊ تعداد 6817 آهي. ساليانو 798.23 ملين ماڻھو جھازن ۾ سفر ڪن ٿا. سال2013ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ ھوائي اڏن جو تعداد 13,513 ھيو ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ پھرين نمبر تي آهي. ملڪ ۾  پيوڊ رن وي(paved runway)  وارا ايئر پورٽ 5,054 آھن. ان پيوڊ رن وي (unpaved runway) وارا ھوئي اڏا 8459 آھن. سال 2013ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ ھيلي ڪاپٽرن جا اڏا يا ھيلي پورٽ (Heliports) جو تعداد 5,287 آھي. ملڪ ۾ 2013ع ۾ قدرتي گيس جي پائيپن جي ڪل ڊيگھ 19,84,321 ڪلوميٽر ۽ پيٽرول جي پائيپ لائين جي ڊيگھ 2,40,711 ڪلوميٽر ھئي. ريلوي لائين جي ڊيگھ ساڳي سال 2,93,564.2 ڪلوميٽر ھئي.

ملڪ ۾ روڊن جي ڊيگھ 65,86,610 ڪلوميٽر جنھن ۾ پيوڊ روڊن (paved road) جي ڊيگھ 43,04,715 ڪلوميٽر، ايڪسپريس وي ۾ 76,334 ڪلوميٽر ۽ ان پيوڊ  روڊن (unpaved roads) جا 2,81,895 ڪلوميٽر شامل آهن. روڊن جي ڊيگھ ۾ ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ پھريون نمبر آھي. ملڪ جي واپاري بحري جهازن، ٻيڙن ۽ ٽينڪرن جو تعداد 3,611 آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ملڪ جو دفاع ==
ملڪ ۾ دفاع جو خرچ 2012 ۾ جي.ڊي.پي.جو 4.24 سيڪڙو ھيو جيڪو 2016 ۾ گھٽجي 3.29 تي پھتو. 2016 ٻين ملڪن جي ڀيٽ ۾ آمريڪا دفاع جي خرچ ۾ 25 نمبر تي ھيو. ملڪ ۾ فوج  يو ايس آرمي، يو ايس نيوي، يو ايس ايئر فورس۽ يو ايس ڪوسٽ گارڊ تي مشتمل آهي. ڪوسٽ گارڊ امن واري حالت ۾ ھوم لينڊ سڪيورٽي جي ماتحت ڪم ڪندا آهن ۽ جنگ جي حالت ۾ نيوي جي شعبي ۾ رپورٽ ڪندا آهن. فوج ۾ ڀرتي جي عمر 18 سال آهي پر جي والدين مرضي ڏيکارين تہ سترھن سال ۾ ڀرتي ٿي سگھي ٿي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==صحت== 
==تعليم==
آمريڪي پرائمري ۽ ثانوي تعليم (جنهن کي آمريڪا ۾ K-12 جي نالي سان سڃاتو وڃي ٿو، &quot;ڪندر گارٽن کان 12 هين گريڊ&quot;) غير مرڪزي آهي. اهو رياست، علائقائي، ۽ ڪڏهن ڪڏهن ميونسپل حڪومتن طرفان هلايو ويندو آهي ۽ يو ايس ڊپارٽمينٽ آف ايجوڪيشن پاران منظم ڪيو ويندو آهي. عام طور تي، ٻارن کي پنجن يا ڇهن سالن جي عمر (ڪنڊرگارٽن يا فرسٽ گريڊ) کان وٺي اسڪول يا منظور ٿيل هوم اسڪول ۾ وڃڻ جي ضرورت آهي جيستائين اهي 18 سالن جي عمر ۾ نه ٿين. اهو اڪثر ڪري شاگردن کي 12 هين گريڊ ذريعي آڻيندو آهي، يو ايس هاءِ اسڪول جو آخري سال، پر ڪجهه رياستون ۽ علائقا انهن کي، 16 يا 17 سالن جي عمر ۾ اسڪول ڇڏڻ جي اجازت ڏين ٿا. آمريڪا دنيا جي ڪنهن به ملڪ جي ڀيٽ ۾ في شاگرد تعليم تي وڌيڪ خرچ ڪري ٿو 12,794 يو ايس ڊالر في سال في پبلڪ ايليمينٽري ۽ سيڪنڊري اسڪول جو شاگرد (سال 2016-2017ع ۾). آمريڪن جي عمر 25 ۽ ان کان وڌيڪ، 84.6 سيڪڙو هاء اسڪول مان گريجوئيشن ڪئي، 52.6 سيڪڙو ڪجهه ڪاليج ۾ شرڪت ڪئي، 27.2 سيڪڙو بيچلر جي ڊگري حاصل ڪئي ۽ 9.6 سيڪڙو گريجوئيٽ ڊگري حاصل ڪئي. يو ايس خواندگي جي شرح ويجھي آفاقي آھي. ڪنهن به ملڪ ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ نوبل انعام ماڻيندڙ ملڪ آهن، جن ۾ 411 (413 انعام کٽي چڪا آهن). 

يو ايس ٽيٽيري يا اعليٰ تعليم عالمي شهرت حاصل ڪئي آهي. دنيا جون ڪيتريون ئي اعليٰ يونيورسٽيون، جيئن مختلف درجابندي جي تنظيمن طرفان درج ٿيل آهن، آمريڪا ۾ آهن، جن ۾ مٿين 25 مان 19 شامل آهن. آمريڪي اعليٰ تعليم رياستي يونيورسٽين جي نظام تي حاوي آهي، جيتوڻيڪ ملڪ جون ڪيتريون ئي خانگي يونيورسٽيون ۽ ڪاليج م سڀ آمريڪي شاگرد تقريبن 20 سيڪڙو داخلا وٺن ٿا. مقامي ڪميونٽي ڪاليج عام طور تي پيش ڪن ٿا ڪورس ورڪ ۽ ڊگري پروگرام جيڪي ڪاليج جي مطالعي جي پهرين ٻن سالن کي ڍڪيندا آهن. اهي اڪثر ڪري وڌيڪ کليل داخلا پاليسين، ننڍا تعليمي پروگرام، ۽ گهٽ ٽيوشن آهن. جيئن ته اعليٰ تعليم تي سرڪاري خرچن لاءِ، يو ايس او اي سي ڊي جي اوسط کان في شاگرد وڌيڪ خرچ ڪري ٿو ۽ آمريڪي گڏيل سرڪاري ۽ نجي خرچن ۾ سڀني قومن کان وڌيڪ خرچ ڪن ٿا. ڪاليج ۽ يونيورسٽيون جيڪي سڌي طرح وفاقي حڪومت طرفان فنڊ ڪيل آهن ٽيوشن چارج نه ڪندا آهن ۽ فوجي اهلڪارن ۽ سرڪاري ملازمن تائين محدود آهن، جن ۾ شامل آهن: يو ايس سروس اڪيڊميز، نيوي پوسٽ گريجوئيٽ اسڪول ۽ فوجي اسٽاف ڪاليج. شاگردن جي قرض جي معافي جي پروگرامن جي باوجود، شاگردن جي قرضن جو قرض گذريل ڏهاڪي ۾ 102٪ وڌي ويو آهي ۽ سال 2022ع تائين 1.7 ٽريلين ڊالرن کان وڌي ويو آهي. 

==ثقافت ۽ سماج==
آمريڪي مشهور ثقافت دنيا جي ڪيترن ئي هنڌن تي وڃي ٿو.&lt;ref&gt;
{{Cite magazine|last1=Fergie|first1=Dexter|last2=Pinkham|first2=Sophie|last3=Pinkham|first3=Sophie|last4=Kindley|first4=Evan|last5=Kindley|first5=Evan|last6=Kirsch|first6=Adam|last7=Kirsch|first7=Adam|last8=Dickey|first8=Colin|last9=Dickey|first9=Colin|date=2022-03-24|title=How American Culture Ate the World|magazine=The New Republic|url=https://newrepublic.com/article/165836/american-culture-ate-world-righteous-smokescreen-globalization-review|access-date=2023-04-01|issn=0028-6583}}&lt;/ref&gt;
اهو اڪثر هنڌن تي، خاص طور تي مغربي دنيا تي وڏو اثر آهي. آمريڪي ميوزڪ هر جڳهه آهي، ۽ آمريڪي فلمون ۽ ٽيليويزن شوز اڪثر ملڪن ۾ ڏسي سگهجن ٿا.

=== وفاقی موڪلون ===
تاريخ.     نالو.           وضاحت. 
جنوري 1. نئين سال جو ڏينهن. سال جي شروعات کي جشن ملهائي ٿو. 

2. 3rd سومر جنوري ۾. مارٽن لوٿر ڪنگ، جونيئر ڊي. اعزاز ڊاڪٽر مارٽن لوٿر ڪنگ، جونيئر، هڪ آفريڪي-آمريڪي شهري حقن جو اڳواڻ. 

3. فيبروري ۾ 3rd سومر. صدر جو ڏينهن. سڀني آمريڪي صدرن کي عزت ڏئي ٿو، پر خاص طور تي جارج واشنگٽن (پيدائش فيبروري 22، 1722) ۽ ابراهيم لنڪن (پيدائش فيبروري 12، 1812). 

4. مئي ۾ آخري سومر. يادگار ڏينهن. عزت وارا ماڻهو جيڪي فوج ۾ خدمت ڪندي مري ويا ۽ اونهاري جي روايتي شروعات کي نشانو بڻايو. 

5. جون 19. جون ٽيون. 1865 ۾ سڀني غلامن جي آزاديء کي تسليم ڪيو. 

6. 4 جولاءِ آزاديءَ جو ڏهاڙو. جشن آزاديءَ جو اعلان، ”جولاءِ جي چوٿين“ جي نالي سان پڻ مشهور آهي. 

7. سيپٽمبر ۾ 1st سومر. مزدورن جو ڏينهن. ڪارڪنن جي ڪاميابين کي جشن ڪري ٿو ۽ اونهاري جي روايتي پڄاڻي کي نشانو بڻائيندو آهي. 

8. آڪٽوبر ۾ 2nd سومر. ڪولمبس جو ڏينهن يا انديشي ماڻهن جو ڏينهن. ڪولمبس جو ڏهاڙو ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس جو اعزاز ڏئي ٿو، جنهن يورپ لاءِ آمريڪا دريافت ڪيو ۽ انديشي ماڻهن جو ڏينهن آمريڪا جي مقامي ماڻهن کي اعزاز ڏئي ٿو؛ رياستون هڪ يا نه ملهائي سگهن ٿيون. 

10. نومبر 11. ويٽرنس ڊي. سڀني ماڻهن کي عزت ڏئي ٿو جيڪي فوج ۾ خدمت ڪئي (ماضي ۽ موجوده). 

11. 4th خميس نومبر ۾. شڪر. موسم خزاں جي فصل کي جشن ملهائي ٿو ۽ &quot;ڇڏيل موسم&quot; جي روايتي شروعات کي نشانو بڻائيندو آهي. 

12. ڊسمبر 25. ڪرسمس. يسوع مسيح جي پيدائش کي جشن ملهائي ٿو (غير عيسائي ان کي سياري جي موڪل جي طور تي جشن ڪندا آهن).

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!width=150| Date&lt;ref name=&quot;cornell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/6103 |title=5 U.S. Code § 6103 – Holidays |publisher=[[Cornell University Law School]] - Legal Information Institute |website=www.law.cornell.edu |access-date=2014-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709203348/https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/6103 |archive-date=July 9, 2017 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! Name
! Description
|-
| January 1
| [[New Year's Day]]
| Celebrates the beginning of the year
|-
| 3rd Monday in January
| [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]] Day
| Honors Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., an [[African-American]] [[civil rights]] leader
|-
| 3rd Monday in February
| [[President's Day]]
| Honors all of the American presidents, but specifically [[George Washington]] (born February 22, 1722) and [[Abraham Lincoln]] (born February 12, 1812)
|-
| Last Monday in May
| [[Memorial Day]]
| Honors people who died while serving in the military and marks the traditional start of [[summer]]
|-
| June 19
| [[Juneteenth]]
| Recognizes the freeing of all [[Slavery in the United States|slaves]] in 1865
|-
| July 4
| [[US Independence Day|Independence Day]]
| Celebrates the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]], also known as &quot;The Fourth of July&quot;
|-
| 1st Monday in September
| [[Labor Day]]
| Celebrates the achievements of workers and marks the traditional end of summer
|-
| 2nd Monday in October
| [[Columbus Day]] or [[Indigenous Peoples' Day]]
| Columbus Day honors [[Christopher Columbus]], who discovered [[the Americas]] for [[Europe]] and Indigenous Peoples' Day honors the native people of the US; states may celebrate one or neither
|-
| November 11
| [[Veterans Day]]
| Honors all people who served in the [[military]] (past and present)
|-
| 4th Thursday in November
| [[Thanksgiving]]
| Celebrates the [[autumn]] [[harvest]] and marks the [[tradition]]al beginning of the &quot;holiday season&quot;
|-
| December 25
| [[Christmas]]
| Celebrates the [[birth]] of [[Jesus Christ]] (non-[[Christian]]s celebrate it as a [[winter]] holiday)
|}

===پرچم===
:
[[File:Flag of the United States.svg|thumb|The US flag]]

آمريڪي پرچم. 

آمريڪي پرچم نيري پس منظر تي 50 تارن تي مشتمل آهي ۽ 13 پٽيون آهن، ست ڳاڙهي ۽ ڇهه اڇیون. اهو گڏيل قومن جي ڪيترن ئي علامتن مان هڪ آهي جهڙوڪ بالڊ ايگل. 50 تارا 50 رياستن جي نمائندگي ڪن ٿا. ڳاڙھو جرئت لاء بيٺل آھي، نيرو انصاف لاء بيٺل آھي، ۽ اڇو امن ۽ صفائي جي نمائندگي ڪري ٿو. 13 پٽي 13 اصلي نوآبادين جي نمائندگي ڪن ٿا. 
===کاڌا===
هيمبرگر آمريڪا جي مشهور خوراڪ مان هڪ آهي. آمريڪا ۾ فاسٽ فوڊ ڪيترن ئي علائقائي کاڌن جو گهر آهي جهڙوڪ ڏکڻ آمريڪا جو کاڌو، جنهن کي ڏاکڻي کاڌي جي نالي سان پڻ سڃاتو وڃي ٿو. هتي چيني، يوناني، جاپاني، اطالوي ۽ ميڪسيڪو کاڌي جا آمريڪي نسخا آهن. اصلي آمريڪن کاڌ خوراڪ اصل آمريڪين جو کاڌو آھي. دنيا جي ڪيترن ئي ملڪن ۾ آمريڪي وينجن جو تمام گهڻو اثر آهي. آمريڪي کاڌي ۾ اصلي آمريڪي، برطانوي، فرينچ، جرمن ۽ اسپيني اثرات آهن. روح کاڌو روايتي ڏکڻ آفريڪا آمريڪي کاڌو آهي. 
===موسيقي=== 
آمريڪا ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ مشهور صنفون راڪ اينڊ رول، پاپ، ڪنتری، آر اينڊ بي ۽ هپ هاپ آهن. اصلي آمريڪي موسيقي آمريڪا جي مقامي موسيقي آهي. 


The [[American flag]] is made up of 50 stars on a blue background and has 13 stripes, seven red and six white. It is one of many symbols of the United States like the [[Bald Eagle]]. The 50 stars represent the 50 states. The red stands for [[courage]], the blue stands for [[justice]], and the white represents [[peace]] and [[cleanliness]]. The 13 stripes represent the [[Thirteen Colonies|13 original colonies.]]&lt;ref&gt;USA Flag Meaning. 2009 Retrieved from [https://web.archive.org/web/20071206041914/http://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/usa-flag/usa-flag-meaning.html http://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/usa-flag/usa-flag-meaning.html] on 16th of September 2010&lt;/ref&gt;

Cuisine
:
A [[hamburger]] is one of the popular foods of the United States. [[Fast food]] in the United States is home to many regional cuisines such as the [[Cuisine of the Southern United States]], also known as Southern food. There are Americanized versions of Chinese, Greek, Japanese, Italian and Mexican cuisine. Native American cuisine is the cuisine of the indigenous [[Native Americans]]. A lot of American dishes are influenced by many countries around the world. American cuisine has Native American, British, French, German, and Spanish influences.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=The Founders of American Cuisine: Seven Cookbook Authors, with Historical Recipes| isbn=9780786458691 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=XiKhBAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=american+cuisine+is+influenced+by+german+spanish&amp;pg=PA8| last1=Haff | first1=Harry | date=8 February 2011 | publisher=McFarland }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Soul food]] is traditional southern African American food.

Music
:
The most popular genres in the United States are [[rock and roll]], [[pop music|pop]], [[country music|country]], [[R&amp;B]], and [[hip hop]]. [[Native American#Music|Native American music]] is the indigenous music of the United States.

===رانديون===
[[File:Wilson opening day 1916.jpg|thumb|In American baseball games, sometimes the president throws the first ball.]]

آمريڪي بيس بال جي راندين ۾، ڪڏهن ڪڏهن صدر پهريون بال اڇلائي ٿو. 

اصلي آمريڪن يورپين جي اچڻ کان اڳ لاڪروس کيڏيو. بيس بال آمريڪا لاءِ ملڪي راند آهي، ۽ آمريڪي فٽبال سڀ کان مشهور راند آهي. باسڪيٽ بال آمريڪا ۾ پڻ تمام گهڻو مشهور آهي، جنهن کي آمريڪا جي پنهنجي ليگ آهي جنهن کي NBA سڏيو ويندو آهي. 
===وڊيو گيمز===
آمريڪا جي وڊيو گيم انڊسٽري ڪنهن به ملڪ جي وڏي ۾ وڏي آهي. اهو چين کان پوءِ وڊيو گيمز لاءِ ٻيو نمبر وڏو بازار آهي. دنيا جا ڪيترائي وڏا ويڊيو گيم ڊولپر آمريڪا ۾ ٻڌل آهن، جهڙوڪ Take-To Interactive، Electronic Arts، Activision Blizzard، ۽ Xbox Game Studios. 
===ماپ===
آمريڪا واحد ترقي يافته ملڪ آهي جيڪو سرڪاري طور تي ميٽرڪ سسٽم استعمال نٿو ڪري. ان جي بدران، گڏيل قومن جي رواجي يونٽ سرڪاري ماپ جو نظام آهي، جيتوڻيڪ ڪي خاص شعبا جهڙوڪ سائنس ميٽرڪ سسٽم استعمال ڪن ٿا. ماضي ۾ پڻ ميٽرڪ جي ڪوشش ڪئي وئي، خاص طور تي 1970s ۾، پر انهن کي هٽايو ويو آهي.

[[Native Americans]] played [[lacrosse]] before [[Europeans]] arrived.&lt;ref&gt;Liss, Howard. Lacrosse (Funk &amp; Wagnalls, 1970) pg 13.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Baseball]] is the country sport for the United States, and [[American football]] is the most popular sport. Basketball is also very popular in the USA, which the USA has its own league called the [[National Basketball Association|NBA]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Grossman|first=Nadelle|date=2014-01-01|title=What is the NBA?|url=https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/facpub/665|journal=25 Marquette Sports Law Review 101 (2014)|access-date=2022-11-24|archive-date=2022-11-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221124042653/https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/facpub/665/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Video games
:
The [[video game industry]] of the United States is one of the largest of any country. It is the second largest market for video games after China.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Asian countries make up 40% of the world's top 10 video gaming markets|url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/08/which-countries-have-the-largest-video-gaming-markets/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=World Economic Forum|language=en|archive-date=2022-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212045635/https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/08/which-countries-have-the-largest-video-gaming-markets/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Many of the world's largest video game developers are based in the USA, like [[Take-Two Interactive]], [[Electronic Arts]], [[Activision Blizzard]], and [[Xbox Game Studios]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Gray|first=Jasmine|date=2022-08-25|title=The 10 Largest Video Game Companies In The World, And What They Do|url=https://history-computer.com/largest-video-game-companies-in-the-world-and-what-they-do/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=History-Computer|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230115121540/https://history-computer.com/largest-video-game-companies-in-the-world-and-what-they-do/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Measurement:
The United States is the only developed country that doesn't officially use the [[metric system]]. Instead, the [[United States customary units]] are the official measurement system used, though certain fields like [[science]] use the metric system. There were also attempts at [[metrication]] in the past, most notably in the 1970s, but they have been struck down.

==پڻ ڏسو== 
==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
{{Sisterlinks|گڏيل رياستن}}
*
; Government
* [http://www.usa.gov/ Official U.S. Government Web Portal] Gateway to governmental sites
* [http://www.whitehouse.gov/ White House] Official site of the President of the United States
* [https://www.senate.gov/ Senate] Official site of the United States Senate
* [http://www.house.gov/ House] Official site of the United States House of Representatives
* [{{SCOTUS URL}} Supreme Court] Official site of the Supreme Court of the United States
*[https://web.archive.org/web/19990220002603/https://www.loc.gov/index.html Library of Congress] Official site of the [[Library of Congress]]

; Overviews and data
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20000829075233/http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/factover/ Portrait of the United States] Overview from the U.S. Information Agency
*[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html United States]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225135647/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html%20 |date=2018-12-25 }}. CIA ''World Factbook'' entry.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060828224303/http://www.britannica.com/nations/United-States United States] ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' entry
*[https://web.archive.org/web/19970101150136/https://www.census.gov/hhes/www/ U.S. Census Housing and Economic Statistics] Wide-ranging data from the U.S. Census Bureau
*[http://www.ers.usda.gov/statefacts/ State Fact Sheets] Population, employment, income, and farm data from the U.S. Economic Research Service
*[http://www.teacheroz.com/states.htm The 50 States of the U.S.A.] Collected informational links for each state

; History
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080314143240/http://www.nationalcenter.org/HistoricalDocuments.html Historical documents] Collected by the National Center for Public Policy Research
* [http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm U.S. National Mottos: History and Constitutionality]. {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20061212193931/http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm |date=2006-12-12 }}. Analysis by the Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance.
* [http://www.historicalstatistics.org/index2.html USA] Collected links to historical data

; Maps
* {{Wikiatlas|the United States}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20091021182322/http://www.nationalatlas.gov/ National Atlas of the United States] Official maps from the U.S. Department of the Interior

;Other
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061102175016/http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services] Official government site

{{United States topics}}
{{United States}}
{{North America}}
{{G8}}
{{Group of 7}}
{{North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO)}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:United States| ]]
[[Category:English-speaking countries]]
[[Category:G8 nations]]
[[Category:G7 nations]]
[[Category:Federations]]
[[Category:1776 establishments in North America]]
[[Category:Spanish-speaking countries]]

==حوالا==
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      <text bytes="66624" sha1="bm5ksh4wo52pei3qn2yez9afpigmnon" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس آف آمريڪا
| common_name = يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس
| image_flag = Animated-Flag-USA.gif
| image_coat = Great Seal of the United States (obverse).svg
| symbol_type = وڏي مھر
| national_motto = &lt;div style=&quot;padding-bottom:0.5em;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;&quot;پنھنجو ڀروسو خدا تي آ&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{USC|36|302}} ''National motto''&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[#God|Dept. of Treasury, 2011]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{{collapsible list
 |title = ''{{nobold|Other traditional mottos &amp;nbsp;}} ''
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:1.15em;
 |liststyle = text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[E pluribus unum]]&quot;|italics=off}} {{small|(de facto)}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot; ڪيترن مان ھڪ&quot;}}
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[Annuit cœptis]]&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot; ھن (خدا) ئي اسان جي مدد ڪئي آ&quot;}}
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[Novus ordo seclorum]]&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot;ھر دور جي نئين ابتدا &quot;}}
}}
| national_anthem = &quot;چمڪندڙ تارن وارو بينر&quot;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;{{center|[[فائل:Star Spangled Banner instrumental.ogg]]}}
----
{{center|'''March:''' &quot;[[The Stars and Stripes Forever]]&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;national march&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=U.S. Code: Title 36, 304|work=United States Code|location=United States|publisher=Cornell Law School|url=http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode36/usc_sec_36_00000304----000-.html|date=August 12, 1998|accessdate=February 15, 2015|quote=The composition by John Philip Sousa entitled 'The Stars and Stripes Forever' is the national march.}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}&lt;br/&gt;{{center|[[فائل:The Stars and Stripes Forever - U.S. Navy Band.ogg]]}}
| image_map = USA orthographic.svg &lt;!-- consensus map, see talk page --&gt;
| map_caption = يونائٽيڊ اسٽيٽس جنھن ۾ الاسڪا ۽ ھوائي بہ شامل ڏيکاريل آهن
| alt_map = اتر آمريڪا جي کنڊ ۾ يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس سائي رنگ ۾ نمايان
| image_map2 = US insular areas SVG.svg|700px
| alt_map2 = [[يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس ۽ ان جا علائقا|علائقا]]
| map_caption2 = گڏيل آمريڪي رياستون ۽ انھن جا علائقا
| map_width = 220px
| capital = [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]]
| latd = 38
| latm = 53
| latNS = N
| longd = 77
| longm = 01
| longEW = W
| largest_city = [[نيويارڪ سٽي]]&lt;br/&gt;
{{small|{{coord|40|43|N|74|00|W|display=inline}}}}
| official_languages = وفاقي سطح تي ڪابہ سرڪاري ٻولي ناھي
| languages_type = قومي ٻولي
| languages = [[انگريزي ٻولي]]{{ref label|engfactobox|b|}}&lt;!---NOTE: Just English, don't add &quot;American English&quot;---&gt;
| official_religion = ڪوبہ نہ
| demonym = [[آمريڪن]] يا [[آمريڪي]]
| ethnic_groups = *  72.41%: گورا
*12.61% : ڪارا
*9.11%: گھڻ نسلي  
*4.75%: ايشيائي
*1.12% : ريڊ انڊين
| government_type = [[وفاقي]] [[صدارتي]] [[آئيني ريپبلڪ]]
| leader_title1 = [[صدر]]
| leader_name1 = [[ڊونالڊ ٽرمپ]]
| leader_title2 = نائب صدر
| leader_name2 = مائيڪ پينس
| leader_title3 = اسپيڪر آف ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
| leader_name3 = پائل ريئن
| leader_title4 = چيف جسٽس
| leader_name4 = جان رابرٽس
| legislature = ڪانگريس
| upper_house = سينيٽ
| lower_house = ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
| sovereignty_type = &lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
برطانيا کان آزادي &lt;/div&gt;
| established_event1 = آمريڪا جي آزادي جو پڌرنامو
| established_date1 = 4 جولاءِ، 1776ع
| established_event2 = ڪنفيڊريشن جو قيام
| established_date2 = پھرين مارچ، 1781ع
| established_event3 = پيرس معاھدو (1783)
| established_date3 = 3 سيپٽمبر، 1783ع
| established_event4 = آمريڪا جو آئين
| established_date4 = 21 جون، 1788ع
| established_event5 = اتر مرينا ٻيٽ
| established_date5 = 24 مارچ، 1976ع
| area_rank = 3rd/4th
| area_magnitude = 1 E+12
| area_km2 = 98,57,306
| area_sq_mi = 38,05,927
| percent_water = 7.1
| area_label = جملي پکيڙ
| area_label2 = خشڪي جي پکيڙ
| area_data2 = 91,58,022 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;br/&gt;35,35,932 چورس ميل
| area_footnote = 
| population_census_year = 2010ع
| population_census_rank = ٽيون
| population_census = 309,349,689&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.census.gov/popest/data/intercensal/national/tables/US-EST00INT-01.xls PDF].U.S. census department data.&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate = 322,369,319&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popclock/|title=U.S. and World Population Clock|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=December 21, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2016ع
| population_estimate_rank = ٽيون
| population_density_km2 = 35 &lt;!--figures use (population/land area) as of May 2015--&gt;
| population_density_sq_mi = 90.6 &lt;!--figures use (population/land area) as of May 2015--&gt;
| population_density_rank = 180هون
| GDP_PPP_year = 2014ع
| GDP_PPP = 17.419 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_rank = بيون
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = 54,629 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 10هون
| GDP_nominal = 17.419 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2015/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=33&amp;pr.y=7&amp;sy=2014&amp;ey=2015&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=111&amp;s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC&amp;grp=0&amp;a=|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|publisher=IMF}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_nominal_rank = پهريون
| GDP_nominal_year = 2014ع
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = 54,629 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = پنجهون
| Gini_year = 2013ع
| Gini_change = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini = 40.8  &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_ref = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=OECD Income Distribution Database: Gini, poverty, income, Methods and Concepts|url=http://www.oecd.org/els/soc/income-distribution-database.htm|website=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Global inequality: How the U.S. compares|url=http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2013/12/19/global-inequality-how-the-u-s-compares/|website=Pew Research}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Income Distribution and Poverty : by country – INEQUALITY|url=http://stats.oecd.org/index.aspx?queryid=46189|website=OECD}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_year = 2014&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change = increase&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI = 0.915 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr_2015_statistical_annex.pdf |title=2015 Human Development Report  |date=2015 |accessdate=December 14, 2015 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank = 8th
| EF_year = 2007
| EF = {{decrease}} 8.0 gha&lt;ref name=&quot;EF&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.footprintnetwork.org/images/uploads/Ecological_Footprint_Atlas_2010.pdf |title=Ecological Footprint Atlas 2010 |publisher=Global Footprint Network |accessdate=July 11, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| EF_rank = 6th
| currency = آمريڪي ڊالر ($)
| currency_code = USD
| country_code = USA
| utc_offset = −4 to −12, +10, +11
| utc_offset_DST = −4 to −10{{ref label|UTCbox|d|}}
| calling_code = [[North American Numbering Plan|+1]]
| iso3166code = US
| date_format = MM/DD/YYYY
| drives_on = ساڄو پاسو
{{ref label|driving|e|}}
| cctld = {{nowrap|[[.us]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.gov]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.mil]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.edu]]}}
| footnote_a = 
| footnote_b = 
}}
[[فائل:United States (orthographic projection).svg|کاٻو|thumb|300px]]
'''آمريڪا جون گڏيل رياستون''' {{ٻيا نالا|انگريزي= ''' United States of America'''}} جنهن کي '''يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس'''، '''يو ايس''' يا '''آمريڪا''' به چيو ويندو آهي، 50 رياستن تي مشتمل هڪ جمهوري ملڪ آهي.  هي ملڪ اتر آمريڪا کنڊ ۾ واقع آهي. هتان جي گادي جو هنڌ [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]] ۽ سڀ کان وڏو شهر [[نيويارڪ]] آهي. 50 مان 48 رياستون هڪ ئي هنڌ [[ڪئناڊا]] جي ڏکڻ ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو]] جي اتر ۾ واقع آهن، جڏهن ته هڪ رياست [[الاسڪا]] باقي ملڪ کان پري [[ڪئناڊا]] جي اولھه ۾ ۽ ٻي رياست [[هوائي]] باقي ملڪ جي اولھ ۾ [[پيسفڪ سمنڊ|پئسفڪ سمنڊ]] ۾ آهي. آمريڪا جي اتر-اولهه واري رياست [[واشنگٽن رياست]] آهي. آمريڪا جي ڪل آبادي 34 ڪروڙ آهي ۽ هي آبادي جي لحاظ کان دنيا جو  ٽيون وڏو ملڪ آهي. هي ملڪ سال 1776ع ۾ قائم ٿيو. ناڻي ۽ فوجي طاقت جي لحاظ کان دنيا ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ طاقتور آهي.[[فائل:Bald Eagle Portrait.jpg|thumb|upright| بالڊ ايگل جيڪو 1782 کان وٺي آمريڪا جو قومي پکي آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;McDougall2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=Len McDougall |title=The Encyclopedia of Tracks and Scats: A Comprehensive Guide to the Trackable Animals of the United States and Canada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9XOc2_u7z6cC&amp;pg=PA325 |year=2004 |publisher=Lyons Press |isbn=978-1-59228-070-4 |page=325}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

پيلو-انڊين 12,000 سال اڳ کان وڌيڪ بيرنگ زميني پل جي پار لڏي ويا. برطانوي نوآباديات 1607 ۾ ورجينيا ۾ تيرهن ڪالونين جي پهرين آبادي جو سبب بڻيو. ٽيڪس ۽ سياسي نمائندگي تي برطانوي تاج سان ٽڪراءَ آمريڪي انقلاب کي جنم ڏنو، ٻي ڪانٽينينٽل ڪانگريس 4 جولاءِ 1776ع تي آزاديءَ جو باضابطه اعلان ڪيو. انقلابي جنگ (1775-1783)، ملڪ اتر آمريڪا ۾ وڌندو رهيو. جيئن وڌيڪ رياستون داخل ڪيون ويون، غلاميءَ تي سيڪشنل ڊويزن آمريڪا جي ڪنفيڊرٽ رياستن جي علحدگيءَ جو سبب بڻيون، جن 1861-1865 آمريڪي گهرو ويڙهه دوران يونين جي باقي رياستن سان وڙهيو. يونين جي فتح ۽ تحفظ سان، غلامي کي قومي طور تي ختم ڪيو ويو. 1890ع  تائين، آمريڪا پاڻ کي هڪ عظيم طاقت طور قائم ڪيو. ڊسمبر 1941ع ۾ پرل هاربر تي جاپان جي حملي کان پوءِ، آمريڪا ٻي عالمي جنگ ۾ داخل ٿيو. جنگ جي نتيجي ۾ آمريڪا ۽ سوويت يونين کي دنيا جي ٻن سپر پاورن جي طور تي ڇڏي ويو ۽ سرد جنگ جو سبب بڻيو، جنهن دوران ٻنهي ملڪن نظرياتي تسلط ۽ بين الاقوامي اثر رسوخ لاءِ جدوجهد ۾ مصروف ٿي ويا. سوويت يونين جي ٽٽڻ ۽ 1991ع ۾ سرد جنگ جي خاتمي کانپوءِ، آمريڪا دنيا جي واحد سپر پاور طور اڀري آيو. يو ايس جي قومي حڪومت هڪ صدارتي آئيني جمهوريه آهي ۽ لبرل جمهوريت ٽن الڳ شاخن سان: قانون ساز، انتظامي، ۽ عدالتي. هن ۾ هڪ ٻه رڪني قومي قانون سازي آهي جيڪا هائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽوز تي مشتمل آهي، آبادي جي بنياد تي هيٺيون ايوان؛ ۽ سينيٽ، هر رياست جي برابر نمائندگي تي ٻڌل هڪ اپر ايوان. رياستن ۽ ڪيترن ئي علائقن کي انتهائي خودمختياري ڏني وئي آهي، هڪ سياسي ڪلچر سان جيڪو زور ڏئي ٿو آزادي، برابري قانون تحت، انفراديت، ۽ محدود حڪومت. دنيا جي سڀ کان وڌيڪ ترقي يافته ملڪن مان هڪ، آمريڪا 1890ع کان وٺي سڀ کان وڏي نامياتي GDP رکي ٿو ۽ 2023ع ۾ عالمي معيشت جو 15 سيڪڙو حصو رکي ٿو. او اي سي ڊي ملڪن جي وچ ۾ في ماڻهون جي سڀ کان وڌيڪ ڊسپوزيبل گهريلو آمدني. آمريڪا انساني حقن، اقتصادي مقابلي، پيداوار، جدت ۽ اعليٰ تعليم ۾ دنيا جي اعليٰ ترين ملڪن ۾ شمار ٿئي ٿو. ان جي سخت طاقت ۽ ثقافتي اثر عالمي پهچ آهي. يو ايس ورلڊ بئنڪ، آرگنائيزيشن آف آمريڪن اسٽيٽس، نيٽو ۽ گڏيل قومن جو باني ميمبر آهي، گڏوگڏ گڏيل قومن جي سلامتي ڪائونسل جو مستقل ميمبر آهي.

== تاريخ ==
1000ع ۾ [[ليف ايرڪسن]] نالي هڪ مهم جُو يورپي جهازي [[اتر آمريڪا]] جي سامونڊي حدن ۾ اچي داخل ٿيو. 12 آڪٽوبر 1492ع ۾ [[ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس]] (Christopher Columbus) ائٽلانٽڪ وڏي سمنڊ ۾ طوفان جي وڪڙ ۾ اچي آمريڪي ڪناري تي پهتو ۽ [[سين سلويڊور]] San Slavador ٻيٽ تي لنگر انداز ٿيو.
[[ڪيليفورنيا]] جنهن کي گولڊن اسٽيٽ به سڏيو ويندو آهي، تنهنجي [[ايل ڊوراڊو]] El Dorado علائقي ۾ سڀني کان پهرين پهچندڙ اسپيني ماڻهن هتي سون جي ڳولا ۾ پهتا. 
1607ع ۾ [[ورجينا]] رياست جي [[جيمس ٽائون]]James Town شهر ۾ انگريزن جي پهرين ڪالوني قائم ٿي ۽ انگريز سڀ کان پهرين هن شهر ۾ اچي آباد ٿيا.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=ٽوئر ٽو آمريڪا (عبدالحئي پليجو) {{!}} سنڌ سلامت ڪتاب گهر&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt; |url=http://books.sindhsalamat.com/book.php?book_id=327#16407 |accessdate=2016-09-27 |archive-date=2017-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912103147/http://books.sindhsalamat.com/book.php?book_id=327#16407 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;ڪتاب: ٽوئر ٽو آمريڪا&lt;/ref&gt;

[[فائل:Declaration independence.jpg|thumb|ڊڪليئريشن آف انڊپنڏنس ( خودمختياري جو اعلان) جو جان ٽرمبول پاران ٺاھيل پينٽنگ]]

برطانيا جون آمريڪي ڪالونيون 1776 ۾ برطانيا کان الڳ ٿي ويون ۽ انھن کي 1783 ۾ پيرس واري معاھدي ذريعي يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس آف آمريڪا جي نالي سان ھڪ نئين قوم جي سڃاڻپ ملي. گڏيل رياستن ۾ پھرين 13 رياستون ھيون ۽ 19 کان 20 صدي دوران ٻيون 37 رياستون بہ ان ۾ شامل ٿي ويون.آمريڪا جي تاريخ ۾ ھڪ ڏکيو دور گهرو ويڙهه وارو ھيو جيڪا 1861 کان 1865 تائين ھلي 

[[فائل:Thure de Thulstrup - L. Prang and Co. - Battle of Gettysburg - Restoration by Adam Cuerden (cropped).jpg|thumb|گهرو ويڙهه دوران [[گيٽس برگ واري لڙائي]] (Battle of Gettysburg) جي  مصور  [[ٿيوئر ڊي ٿلسٽرپ]] پاران ٺاھيل پينٽنگ]] 

جنھن ۾ اتر وارين رياستن جي يونين ۽ ڏکڻ وارين رياستن جي [[ڪنفيڊريشن]] جي وچ ۾ جنگ ھلي جيڪا اتر وارين رياستن کٽي ھئي. آمريڪا جي تاريخ جو ٻيو ڏکيو دور 1930 واري ڏھاڪي جو معاشي بحران آھي جنھن ۾ آمريڪا جي مزدورن جو چوٿون حصو نوڪريون ختم ٿي وڃڻ جي ڪري بي روزگار ٿي ويو.

[[فائل:Crowd outside nyse.jpg|thumb|1929 کان پوءِ ٿيندڙ معاشي گھوٽالي جي ڪري ماڻھو وال اسٽريٽ ۾ گڏ ٿيندي]]
پھرين ۽ ٻين جنگ عظيم جي فتح ۽ 1991 ۾ سرد جنگ جي خاتمي آمريڪا کي ھڪ سپر پاور بڻائي ڇڏيو.آمريڪي معيشت ۽ [[ٽيڪنالاجي]]۾ بي حد اضافو ٿيو آھي. ھن وقت آمريڪا دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي معيشت آھي. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
4 -اپريل- 1789ع تي -آمريڪا- جو -آئين- نافذ ٿيو. 30 -اپريل- 1789ع تي -[[جارج واشنگٽن]]- -آمريڪا- جو پهريون صدر ٿيو. 1861ع کان 1865ع تائين -آمريڪا- گھرو -جنگ- ۾ مبتلا رهيو، ڇو ته ڏاکڻين رياستن جي ڪارن غلامن -آزادي- پئي گهري. آمريڪي صدر ابراهام لنڪن غلاميءَ جو خاتمو آندو. 30 مارچ 1867ع تي روس [[الاسڪا]] جي رياست 7 ملين ڊالرن عيوض -آمريڪا- کي وڪڻي ڇڏي. 17 ڊسمبر 1903ع تي -آمريڪا- جي [[رائيٽ برادران]] ([[ولبرٽ رائيٽ]] ۽ [[آرويل رائيٽ]]) هڪ ننڍي هوائي جهاز ۾، جيڪو مشين سان هلندو هو، -[[اتر ڪيرولينا]] جي [[ڪٽيهاڪ]] ميدانن -تان- پهرئين -اڏام- ڪئي، ٻئي ڀائر جهاز ۾ موجود هئا.  
1906ع ۾ آمريڪي صدر [[روز ويلٽ]] کي پهريون ڀيرو امن جو نوبل -انعام- مليو. 06 -اپريل- 1917ع تي -آمريڪا- پهرين عالمي -جنگ- ۾ شامل ٿيو. 13 -اپريل- 1935ع تي دنيا جي پهرئين ايئر سروس جي شروعات ڪيائين. -ٻي عالمي جنگ- ۾ [[جاپان]] جي هٿيار ڦٽا نه ڪرڻ سبب -آمريڪا- 6 -آگسٽ- 1945ع تي [[هيروشيما]] ۽ 9 -آگسٽ- 1945ع تي [[ناگاساڪي]] تي ايٽم -بم- ڪيرايا، جنهن سان بي انداز -جاني- نقصان ٿيو ۽ -آمريڪا- دنيا تي هڪ هٽي قائم ڪري ورتي. 5 مئي 1961ع تي ايلن بي شيپرڊ پهرئين آمريڪي خلاباز جي حيثيت سان خلا ۾ -اڏام- ڪئي. 22 نومبر 1963ع تي صدر جان ايف ڪينيڊيءَ کي قتل ڪيو ويو. 1968ع ۾ ڪارن جي حقن لاءِ آواز اٿاريندڙ اڳواڻ [[مارٽن لوٿرڪنگ]] کي قتل ڪيو ويو. 20 -جولاءِ- 1969ع تي آمريڪي خلائي جهاز اپولو II وسيلي خلاباز [[نيل آرمسٽرانگ|نيل آمسٽرانگ]]، [[ايڊون ايلڊرن]] ۽ [[مائيڪل ڪولينز]] چنڊ تي لٿا، جنهن کي سڄي دنيا جي عوام ٽي ويءَ تي سڌو سنئون ڏٺو. 26 فيبروري 1991ع تي -آمريڪا- [[ڪويت]] کي [[عراق]] جي قبضي مان ڇڏايو. 07 نومبر 2000ع جي صدارتي چونڊن ۾ جارج واڪر بش صدر چونڊجي آيو. 11 سيپٽمبر 2001ع تي ٻه مسافرن سان ڀريل جهاز [[ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر]] ۽ آمريڪي وزارت دفاع جي آفيس [[پينٽاگون]] سان ٽڪرائجي ويا ۽ ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر جا ٻئي ٽاور پٽ اچي پيا. -

{{multiple image|total_width=360
 | image1 = WTC smoking on 9-11.jpeg
 | caption1 =ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر 11 سيپٽمبر 2001 ۾ القاعده جي دھشتگرد حملي دوران 
 | alt1 =
 | image2 = OneWorldTradeCenter.jpg
 | caption2 = ون ورلڊ سينٽر جي نئين ٺاھيل بلڊنگ
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آمريڪا- -ان- دهشت گرديءَ جو ذميوار [[اسامه بن لادن]] کي قرار ڏنو، جيڪو -[[افغانستان]]- ۾ [[طالبان]] جو مهمان هو. انهيءَ الزام هيٺ -افغانستان- تي حملو ڪري طالبان جي حڪومت جو خاتمو آندو ويو. اها لڙائي اڃا به -جاري- آهي، 2003ع جي سياري ۾ -آمريڪا- عراق تي حملو ڪري [[صدام حسين]] کي گرفتار ڪري، کيس عدالت ذريعي ڦاهي ڏياري. عراق ۾ هينئر به نيٽو فورسز ويڙهاڪن کي منهن ڏيئي رهي آهي. -آمريڪا- 51 رياستن جو وفاق آهي، -جتي- صدارتي طرز جي حڪومت قائم آهي. صدر رياست جو مملڪتي اڳواڻ سربراهه (هيڊ آف اسٽيٽ)، حڪومت جو اڳواڻ، سڀني آئيني ۽ انتظامي اختيارن جو مالڪ ۽ هٿياربند فوجن جو سپريم ڪمانڊر آهي. صدر عوام جي ووٽن سان چئن سالن لاءِ چونڊبو آهي. ڪابينا ۽ رياستي گورنرن جي چونڊ صدر پاڻ ڪندو آهي. هن وقت آمريڪا جو صدر  [[ڊونلڊ ٽرمپ|ڊونالڊ ٽرمپ]] آهي آمريڪا  جو اڳوڻو صدر [[بارڪ اوباما|بارڪ حسين اوباما]] ھو    جيڪو -تاريخ- جو پهريون سربراهه ھيو، جنهن جو تعلق ڪاري نسل سان ھيو. هن کي 2009ع جو امن جو نوبل -انعام- به مليو . -آمريڪا- جي آزاديءَ جو ڏهاڙو 04 -جولاءِ- 1776ع آهي، ۽ کيس گڏيل قومن جي اداري (UNO) جي ميمبرشپ 24 -آڪٽوبر- 1945ع کان حاصل آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[http://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=آمريڪا آمريڪا : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;

[[فائل:Liberty-statue-from-below.jpg|thumb|کاٻو|نيويارڪ سٽي ۾[[اسٽيچو آف لبرٽي]] جيڪو 1886 ۾ آمريڪا  جيڪو آمريڪا جي نشان طور سڃاتو وڃي ٿو پر ان سان آمريڪي جمھوريت، آزادي ۽ موقعي جي بہ سڃاڻپ طور مشھور آھي  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| title = Statue of Liberty| work=World Heritage| publisher=UNESCO| url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307| accessdate = October 20, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

== جاگرافي ==
[[فائل:USA-satellite.jpg|thumb|آمريڪا جي گڏيل رياستن جي سيٽلائيٽ ذريعي نڪتل تصوير جنھن ۾ ان جي پسگردائي پڻ ڏيکاريل آهي]]
[[فائل:US 50 states Köppen.svg|thumb|کاٻو| ڪوپن واري آبهوا جي درجہ بندي]]
ھي ملڪ اتر کان ڏکڻ ۾ [[ڪيناڊا]] ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو]] ۽ اوڀر کان اولھ [[ائٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] ۽ [[پيسفڪ سمنڊ]] جي وچ ۾ واقع آهي. ھن ملڪ جو جاگرافيائي محل وقوع 38 00 N, 97 00 W آھي.ملڪ جي ايراضي  9,833,517 چورس ڪلوميٽر جن مان
9,147,593 چورس ڪلوميٽر خشڪي 685,924 چورس ڪلوميٽر پاڻي آھي. ھن ملڪ ۾ 50 رياستون ۽ ھڪ وفاقي ٽيريٽري جنھن جو نالو [[ڊسٽرڪٽ آف ڪولمبيا]] آهي جنھن ۾ وفاقي گاديءَ جو هنڌ [[واشنگٽن]] واقع آهي. ھي دنيا جو پکيڙ ۾ چوٿون وڏو ملڪ آهي.ھن جي زمين واري سرحد جملي 12,048 ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان ڪيناڊا سان  اتر واري پاسي  8,893 ڪ.م. ۽ الاسڪا واري پاسي کان ڪيناڊا سان 2,477 ڪ.م. اٿس باقي ميڪسيڪو سان  زميني سرحد 3,155 ڪ.م. آهي.ھن ملڪ جي [[گوانٽانامو بي]] ۾ فوجي اڏي واري زمين ڪيوبا جو حصو آهي ۽ اھا ڪيوبا کان ليز تي ورتل آھي ان جي زميني سرحد 28.5 ڪ.م. آهي. ھن ملڪ جي ساحلي سرحد 19,924 ڪ. م. آھي ۽ ان جي سرحدي حد سمنڊ طرف 12 ناٽيڪل ميل آھي. ملڪ جو ساحلي معاشي زون سمنڊ طرف 200 ناٽيڪل ميل
آھي.آمريڪا جي سمند جي سطح کان سراسري بلندي 720 ميٽر آھي. ان جو سڀ کان اونھو مقام [[موت جي وادي]] (Death Valley)آھي جيڪا سمند جي سطح کان 86 ميٽر اونھي آھي. سڀ کان اوچو مقام [[مائونٽ ميڪ ڪنلي]](McKinley) ۾ [[ڊينالي]](Denali) آهي جيڪو 6,190 ميٽر اوچو آهي.قدرتي وسيلن ۾ ھتي [[ڪوئلو]] ،[[ٽامو]]، [[شيھو]]، [[موليبيڊنيم]]، [[فاسفيٽ]]، [[يورينيم]]، [[باڪسائيٽ]]، [[سون]]، [[لوھ]]، [[پارو]]، [[نڪل]]، [[پوٽاش]]، [[چاندي]] , [[ٽنگسٽن]]، [[جست]]، [[پيٽرول]] [[عمارتي ڪاٺ]] جي دولت سان ڀريل آهي. دنيا م ڪوئلي جا سڀ کان گھڻا ذخيرا ھن ملڪ  اھن جيڪي  491 ارب ٽن آھن جيڪي سڄي دنيا جي ڪوئلي جو 27 سيڪڙو آھن.
ھن ملڪ جي  44.5 سيڪڙو زمين زرخيز آهي جنھن جو  16.8 سيڪڙو زمين تي پوک ٿيندي آهي جنھن مان 3 سيڪڙو تي مستقل پوک ٿيندي آهي، 27.4 سيڪڙو زمين تي چراگاھون آھن ۽ 33.3 سيڪڙو تي ٻيلا آھن.2012 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبپاشي واري زمين  264,000 چورس ڪلوميٽر  ھئي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
هن ملڪ جي گڏيل رياستن جو سرڪاري نالو “United States of America” آهي.”-آمريڪا-“ نالو، هڪ اٽالين جهازي امريگو وسپوسي جي نالي تي رکيو ويو، جيڪو 1497ع ۾ هتي آيو هو. -آمريڪا- جي -اتر- ۾ ڪيناڊا، -اوڀر- ۾ ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ، ڏکڻ ۾ ميڪسيڪو ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو نار]] ۽ اولهه ۾ پيسفِڪ سمنڊ آهن. گڏيل رياستن تي ٻڌل -آمريڪا-، ڪيناڊا ۽ ميڪسيڪو جي وچ ۾ آهي. هن جي هڪ رياست هوائي ٻيٽ سان فرانسسڪو کان 3870 ڪلوميٽر (2400 ميل) ڏکڻ اولهه طرف آهي. اڀرندي ۽ الهندي وارن علائقن ۾ ڊگھا جابلو سلسلا آهن. -آمريڪا- جي ڪل پکيڙ 9،160،454 چورس ڪلوميٽر (3،535،935 چورس ميل) ۽ آبادي 28 ڪروڙ آهي، گاديءَ جو هنڌ واشنگٽن (Washington) ۽ سڀ کان مٿانهون هنڌ مائونٽ ميڪنلي (6194 ميٽر) آهي. هن ملڪ جي سرڪاري -ٻولي- -انگريزي- ۽ ڪرنسي يو -ايس- ڊالر آهي، جيڪا دنيا جي وڌيڪ هلندڙ ۽ اهم ڪرنسي آهي. -آمريڪا- جي موسم، مختلف علائقن جي آبهوا جي حوالي سان مختلف آهي. گھڻي قدر موسم -ٿڌي- ۽ خوشگوار رهندي آهي. -آمريڪا- جي زرعي پيداوار ۾ ڪپهه، ڪڻڪ، جؤ، مڪئي، پٽاٽا، سويابين، داليون، ميوا ۽ ڀاڄيون آهن. مکيه صنعتن ۾ جهاز سازي، هٿيار، ميزائيل وغيره، پيٽروليم جون شيون، ڀاڻ، لوهه، موٽر گاڏيون، سيمنٽ، ڪپڙو، اليڪٽرانڪ -اوزار-، ڪيميائي شيون، دوائون، ڪمپيوٽر، پلاسٽڪ شامل آهن ۽ مکيه معدنيات ۾ -تيل-، ڪوئلو، -ٽامو-، موليڊنيم، فاسفيٽ، يورينيم، باڪسائٽ، سون، لوهه، پارو، نقل، پوٽاش ۽ -ٽنگسٽن شامل آهن.&lt;ref&gt;[http://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=آمريڪا آمريڪا : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;

== آبادي ۽ ڊيموگرافي ==

جولائي 2017 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبادي  326,625,791 ھئي جنھن مطابق ھي ملڪ دنيا جو ٽيون نمبر وڏو ملڪ آهي.جستان جي ماڻهن کي آمريڪي يا امريڪن سڏيو ويندو آهي.ھتسم جا 72.4 سيڪڙو ماڻهو گورا، 12.6 سيڪڙو ڪارا، 4.8 سيڪڙو ايشيائي، 0.9 سيڪڙو ريڊ انڊين ۽ الاسڪا جا اصلي رھاڪو،0.2 سيڪڙو ھوائين ۽ٻياپئسفڪ ٻيٽن جا رھاڪو، ۽ باقي 6.2 سيڪڙو ٻيا.

[[فائل:Most common ancestries in the United States.svg|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن ۾ غالب نسل&lt;br&gt;{{Legend0|#0075ff|[[جرمن آمريڪي|جرمن]]}} {{Legend0|#ff0000|''[[آمريڪن نسل وارو ماڻھو|آمريڪي نسل]]''}} {{Legend0|#ff7500| [[ميڪسيڪن آمريڪي|ميڪسيڪن]]}} {{Legend0|#007500|[[آئرش آمريڪي|آئرش]]}} {{Legend0|#00ffff|[[آفريڪن آمريڪي|آفريڪي]]}} {{Legend0|#7500ff|[[اطالوي آمريڪي|اطالوي]]}} {{Legend0|#750075|[[انگريزي نسل وارا آمريڪي|انگريز]]}} {{Legend0|#ffff00|[[جپاني آمريڪي|جپاني]]}} {{Legend0|#d93190|[[پورٽوريڪي]]}}]]

انگريزي ڳالهائيندڙن جو تعداد ھن ملڪ ۾ 79 سيڪڙو آھي، اسپيني 13 سيڪڙو، انڊو يورپين ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 3.7 سيڪڙو ، ايشيا ۽ پيسفڪ جون ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 3.4 سيڪڙو، باقي ٻيون ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 1 سيڪڙو.
آمريڪا جي وفاق جي ڪابہ سرڪاري ٻولي ناھي پر انگريزي 50 مان 32 رياستن جي سرڪاري ٻولي بڻجي وئي آھي. ھوائين بہ ھوائي رياست جي سرڪاري ٻولي آھي.
ھتان جي 46.5 سيڪڙو آبادي پروٽيسٽنٽ آھي، رومن ڪيٿولڪ ھتي 20.8 سيڪڙو ،يھودي 1.9 سيڪڙو، مورمن (Mormon)1.6  سيڪڙو، ٻيا عيسائي 0.9 سيڪڙو، 0.9 سيڪڙو  مسلمان، 0.8 سيڪڙو يھوا جا شاھد، 0.7سيڪڙو  ٻڌ، 0.7 سيڪڙو ھندو، ۽ 1.8 سيڪڙو ٻيا مذھب
۽ 22.8 سيڪڙو لامذھب آھن
2017 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبادي جي واڌ جي شرح 0.81 سيڪڙو ھئي. 2018 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي شھري آبادي ملڪ جي آبادي جو 82.3 سيڪڙو ھئي.واشينگٽن جي آبادي 2015 ۾ 4.955 ملين ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}{{مئل ڳنڍڻو|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

{{US Census population
|1610= 350
|1620= 2302
|1630= 4646
|1640= 26634
|1650= 50368
|1660= 75058
|1670= 111935
|1680= 151507
|1690= 210372
|1700= 250888
|1710= 331711
|1720= 466185
|1730= 629445
|1740= 905563
|1750= 1170760
|1760= 1593625
|1770= 2148076
|1780= 2780369
|1790= 3929214
|1800= 5308483
|1810= 7239881
|1820= 9638453
|1830= 12866020
|1840= 17069453
|1850= 23191876
|1860= 31443321
|1870= 38558371
|1880= 50189209
|1890= 62979766
|1900= 76212168
|1910= 92228496
|1920= 106021537
|1930= 123202624
|1940= 132164569
|1950= 151325798
|1960= 179323175
|1970= 203211926
|1980= 226545805
|1990= 248709873
|2000= 281421906
|2010= 308745538
|align=right
|estyear=2017&lt;ref name=&quot;census1&quot;/&gt;
|estimate=325719178
|footnote=1610–1780 population data.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=CT1970p2-13: Colonial and Pre-Federal Statistics |url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/statcomp/documents/CT1970p2-13.pdf |website=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=August 20, 2015 |page=1168 |date=2004}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;Note that the census numbers do&lt;br/&gt;not include [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] until 1860.&lt;ref name=&quot;Census1860&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |title=Historical Census Statistics On Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For Large Cities And Other Urban Places In The United States  |website=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=May 28, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

== سياسي انتظام ۽ حڪومت ==

=== آمريڪا جو نالو ===
[[فائل:Amerigo Vespucci - Project Gutenberg etext 19997.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|کاٻو|امیریگو وسپوچی جی خیالی تصویر]]

آمريڪا جو نالو اٽلي جي کوجنا ڪندڙ جھازران ۽ ڪارٽوگرافر (نقشن ٺاھڻ جو ماھر) اميريگو وسپوچي (Amerigo Vespucci) (جنم: 1454؛ وفات:1512) جي نالي مان نڪتل آهي. جيڪو لاطيني اچار ۾ آمريڪس سڏبو هو جنھن مان وري بدلجي آمريڪا ٿي ويو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== وفاق ۽ رياستون ===
حڪومت جو قسم آئيني وفاقي ريپبلڪ آهي جنھن جو گاديءَ جو هنڌ واشنگٽن ڊي.سي. آهي جنھن جو محل وقوع 38 53 N, 77 02 W آھي.ملڪ جي وفاق ۾ 50 رياستون آھن جيڪي ڇھن ثائيم زونن ۾ اچن ٿيون.ام کان علاوه ھڪ ضلعو ڊسٽرڪٽ آف ڪولمبيا آھي جيڪو انھن رياستن کان علاوه آھي جنھن ۾ واشنگٽن شھر واقع آهي.رياستن جا نالا ھيٺ ڏجن ٿا:
#[[الاباما]] (Alabama)
#[[الاسڪا]] (Alaska)
#[[ايرزونا]] (Arizona)
#[[ارڪنسا]] (Arkansas)
#[[ڪيليفورنيا]] (California)
#[[ڪولراڊو]] (Colorado)
#[[ڪونيڪٽيڪٽ]] (Connecticut)
#[[ڊيلويئر]] (Delaware)
#[[فلوريڊا]] (Florida)
#[[جارجيا (آمريڪي رياست)|جارجيا]] (Georgia)
#[[ھوائي]] (Hawaii)
#[[آئيڊاھو]] (Idaho)
#[[الينوائي]] (Illinois)
#[[انڊيانا]] (Indiana)
#[[آيووا]] (Iowa)
#[[ڪنساس]] (Kansas)
#[[ڪنٽاڪي]] (Kentucky)
#[[لوئزيانا]] (Louisiana)
#[[مئن]] (Maine)
#[[ميري لينڊ]] (Maryland)
#[[مئسچوسٽس]] (Massachusetts)
#[[مشي گن]] (Michigan)
#[[منيسوٽا]] (Minnesota)
#[[مسيسيپي]] (Mississippi)
#[[مسوري]] (Missouri)
#[[مونٽانا]] (Montana)
#[[نبراسڪا]] (Nebraska)
#[[نويڊا]] (Nevada)
#[[نيو ھئمپشائر]] (New Hampshire)
#[[نيو جرسي]] (New Jersey)
#[[نيو ميڪسيڪو]] (New Mexico) 
#[[نيو يارڪ]] (New York)
#[[نارٿ ڪيرولينا]] (North Carolina)
#[[نارٿ ڊڪوٽا]] (North Dakota)
#[[اوھيو]] (Ohio)
#[[اوڪلاھاما]] (Oklahoma)
#[[اوريگون|اوريگان]] (Oregon)
#[[پينسلوانيا]](Pennsylvania)
#[[رھوڊ آئلينڊ]] ( Rhode Island )
#[[سائوٿ ڪيرولينا]] (South Carolina)
#[[سائوٿ ڊڪوٽا]] (South Dakota)
#[[ٽينيسي|ٽنيسي]] (Tennessee)
#[[ٽيڪساس]] (Texas)
#[[يوٽا]] (Utah)
#[[ورمونٽ]] (Vermont)
#[[ورجينيا]] (Virginia)
#[[واشنگٽن]] (Washington)
#[[ويسٽ ورجينيا]] (West Virginia)
#[[وسڪونسن|وسڪانسن]] (Wisconsin)
#[[ويومنگ]] (Wyoming)

{{multiple image
 | align             = کاٻو
 | direction         = vertical
 | caption_align     = center
 | image1            = Capitol Building Full View.jpg
 | caption1          = گاديءَ جو هنڌ &lt;br/&gt; جتي ڪانگريس واقع آهي&lt;br/&gt; کاٻي پاسي سينيٽ ۽ساڄي پاسي ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
 | image2            = WhiteHouseSouthFacade.JPG
 | caption2          = وائيٽ ھائوس: آمريڪا جي صدر جو گھر ۽ آفيس
 | image3            = USSupremeCourtWestFacade.JPG
 | caption3          = سپريم ڪورٽ بلڊنگ
}}

[[فائل:US states by date of statehood3 frame.png|alt=آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين]]

[[فائل:US states by date of statehood3.gif|alt=آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين]]

=== آمريڪي اختيار وارا علائقا ===
[[فائل:US.EEZ Pacific centered NOAA map.png|thumb|کاٻو| آمريڪا جو معاشي زون وارو نقشو جنھن ۾ سامونڊي حد ۽ قبضي وارا علائقا ڏيکاريل آهن.]]
ھيٺين علائقن ۾ آمريڪي حڪومت جو اختيار آهي.
*[[امريڪن ساموا]] (American Samoa)
*[[بيڪر آئلينڊ]] (Baker Island)
*[[گئام]] (Guam)
*[[ھائو لينڊ آئلينڊ]] (Howland Island)
*[[جاروس آئلينڊ]] (Jarvis Island)
*[[جانسٽن ايٽول]] (Johnston Atoll)
*[[ناواسا آئلينڊ]] (Navassa Island)
*[[نادرن مرينا آئلينڊس|اتر ماريانا آئلينڊز]] (Northern Mariana Islands)
*[[پيلمائرا ايٽول]] (Palmyra Atoll)
*[[پورٽو ريڪو]] (Puerto Rico)
*[[ورجن آئلينڊس|ورجن آئلينڊز]] (Virgin Islands)
*[[ويڪ آئلينڊ]] (Wake Island)

=== خودمختياري ===

ھن ملڪ 4 جولائي 1776 برطانيا بڻ کان خودمختياري حاصل ڪئي ان ڪري اھو ڏينھن آمريڪا ۾ قومي ڏينھن ۽ موڪل جو ڏينهن آھي  .3 سيپٽمبر 1783 ۾ برطانيا ان جي خودمختياري کي تسليم ڪيو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== قانوني سسٽم ===
آمريڪا جي وفاق ۾ سڀني رياستن ۾ سواءِ ھڪ جي ڪامن لا سسٽم آھي. رڳو ھڪ رياست لئوزيانا ۾ نيپولينڪ سول ڪوڊ لاڳو  آھي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== معيشت ==
ھن ملڪ جي معيشت دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي ۽  طاقتور معيشت آھي جنھن جي في ڪس جي ڊي پي 59500 يو.ايس.ڊالر آھي. ھن ملڪ جون ڪمپنيون ڪمپيوٽر, دوائن، ايئرواسپيس ۽ فوجي سازوسامان  جي ٽيڪنالاجي ۾ دنيا اندر ھراول آهن.  فوجي ٽيڪنالاجي جي دنيا اندر اھميت گھٽجڻ ڪري پرچيزنگ پاور پئرٽي مطابق 2014 ۾ ھن جي معيشت 2014 ۾ ٻئي نمبر تي اچي وئي جو پھرين نمبر تي چين اچي ويو.آمريڪا جي معيشت اڌ کان وڌيڪ ٻاھران درآمد ڪيل تيل تي ھلي ٿي جنھن ڪري تيل جي قيمتن ۾ واڌ معيشت کي گھڻو متاثر ڪري ٿي.
پرچيزنگ پاور پئرٽي يا قوت خريد جي ڀيٽ ۾ آمريڪا جي جي ڊي پي 2017 ۾ 19.36 ٽرلين 
جو ايس ڊالر ھئي.آفيشل ايڪسچينج ريٽ يا مٽاسٽا واري شرح مطابق بہ 19.36 ٽرلين يو.ايس.ڊالر ھئي. 2017 ۾ ملڪ جي مجموعي قومي بچت (Gross national saving) 17.5 سيڪڙو ھئي. ھن ملڪ جي زرعي پيداوار ۾  ڪڻڪ، مڪئي، ٻيا اناج، ميوا، وڏو گوشت، سوئر جو گوشت، سبزيون، ڪپھ، پولٽري، کير جون شيون، مڇي  شامل آهن. آمريڪا جي صنعت پيداوار جي لحاظ کان دنيا جي ٻيون نمبر وڏي صنعت آھي. صنعتي پيداوار ۾ پيٽروليم واريون شيون، گاڏيون، ايئرواسپيس، ٽيلي ڪميونيڪيشن، ڪيميڪل ,  اليڪٽرانڪس، فوڊ پروسيسنگ، صارفن واريون شيون (consumer goods), عمارتي ڪاٺ وارو سامان، کاڻين واري صنعت شامل آهن . آمريڪا ۾ ڪم ڪندڙن يا مزدوري جي سگھ (Labour power) 2017 ۾ 160400000 مزدورن تي مشتمل ھئي ان سگھ م ان سال ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ چوٿين نمبر تي ھيو. ان تعداد ۾ پيشي جي لحاظ کان 0.7 سيڪڙو فارمنگ، فشنگ ۽ فاريسٽري م،  20.3 سيڪڙو مينيوفيڪچرنگ، ٽرانسپورٽ، وغيره ۾ ، 37.3 سيڪڙو مينيجمينٽ، پيشورانہ ۽ فني شعبن ۾، 24.2 سيڪڙو  وڪري ۽ آفيس ورڪ ۾،17.6 سيڪڙو ٻين خدمتن ۾  ان سگھ ۾  بي روزگار  شامل ناھن. 2015 ۾ ملڪ جي 15.1 سيڪڙو آبادي غربت جي لڪير کان ھيٺ زندگي گذاريندڙ ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
=== بجيٽ ===
ھن ملڪ جي 2017 واري بجيٽ ۾ ملڪ جي آمدني 3.336 ٽرلين ڊالر،  خرچ 3.991 ٽرلين ڊالر ھيو. ملڪ جي 17.2 سيڪڙو آمدني ٽيڪس ۽ ٻين محصولن مان حاصل ٿي جيڪڏهنان ۾ سوشل سڪيورٽي وغيره کي بہ شامل ڪجي تہ پوءِ  ٽيڪس ۽ محصولن جي آمدني 22 سيڪڙو ھئي.2017 ۾ بجيٽ جو خسارو 3.4 سيڪڙو ھيو.ملڪ جو 2017 ۾ ڪرنٽ اڪائونٽ بيلنس 462 بلين ڊالر ھيو . ملڪ جون برآمدات 1.576 ٽرلين ڊالر ۽ درامدات 2.352 ٽرلين ڊالر ھيون . پرڏيهي مٽاسٽا لاء ذخيرو ۽ سون 117.3 بلين ڊالر ھيو.   &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== توانائي ==
[[فائل:UnitedStatesPowerGrid.jpg|thumb|آمريڪا جون بجلي جي ٽرانسميشن جون گرڊ اسٽيشنون جن جون {{convert|300000|km|mi|abbr=on}} 500 ڪمپنيون ھلائڻ ٿيون ۽نارٿ آمريڪن اليڪٽرڪ رلائبلٽي ڪارپوريشن انھن سڀني جي نگراني ڪندڙ آھي]]
ھن ملڪ جي 100 سيڪڙو آبادي بجلي سان مستفيد آھي.2015 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي بجلي جي پيداوار 4.088 کرب ڪلو واٽ ھئي.ان ڀيٽ سان ھي دنيا جو بجلي پيدا ڪندڙ ٻيون نمبر وڏو ملڪ ھيو. ساڳي سال بجلي جي کپت ھن ملڪ ۾ 3.911 کرب ڪلو واٽ ھئي. 2016 ۾ ھن ملڪ 9.695 ارب ڪلو واٽ بجلي برآمد ڪئي ۽ 80.66 ارب ڪلو واٽ بجلي درآمد ڪئي. ھن ملڪ جي بجلي جي پيداوار 2015 ۾ 70.6 سيڪڙو تيل تي ،9.2 سيڪڙو نيوڪليئر، 7.4 سيڪڙو ھائڊرل يا پاڻي واري توانائيءَ تي ۽ 10.7 سيڪڙو ٻي توانائي تي ٿيندي آهي.2016 ۾ ملڪ ۾ ڪچي تيل جي روزاني پيداوار 8.853 
ملين بيرل جي ھئي.ڪچي تيل جي برآمد ساڳي سال روزانو 590900 بيرل ھئي ۽ درآمد روزانو 7.85 ملين بيرل ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== مواصلات ==
ملڪ ۾ ٽيلیفون جا لڳل ڪنيڪشن 121.53 ملين آھن. جولاء، 2016ع جي صورتحال مطابق ملڪ 100 سيڪڙو آبادي انھن جو استعمال ڪندڙ آھي ۽ ان لحاظ کان ٻين ملڪن جي ڀيٽ ۾ ھي ملڪ ٽڪ ٽئين نمبر تي آهي. جولاء، 2016ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ موبائل فون جا 395.881 ملین ڪنيڪشن ھيا۽ ملڪ جي 100 سيڪڙو آبادي انھن کان مستفيد ھئي ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ ھي دنيا جو چوٿون نمبر وڏو ملڪ هيو. ملڪ جو فون جو مواصلاتي نظام جديد ترين ٽيڪنالاجيءَ وارو آھي جنھن ۾ [[فائبر آپٽڪ ڪيبل]]، [[مائڪرو ويو ريڊيو رلي]](microwave radio relay)، [[ڪوايڪسل ڪيبل]](coaxial cable) ۽ [[ڊوميسٽڪ سيٽلائيٽ سسٽم]] شامل آھن. ھن ملڪ جو [[انٽرنيشنل ڪنٽري ڪوڊ]] نمبر 1 آھي. ملڪ جو [[انٽرنيٽ ڪنٽري ڪوڊ]] .us آھي. جولاء،2016ع ۾ انٽرنيٽ جي استعمال ڪندڙن جو تعداد24,68,09,221 ھيو جيڪو ڪل آبادي جو 76.2 سيڪڙو ھيو ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ جي دنيا جو چوٿون وڏو ملڪ هيو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ٽرانسپورٽ ==
[[فائل:Map of current Interstates.svg|thumb|کاٻو|بين الرياستي روڊن جو ڄار  جنھن جي ڊيگھ جملي {{convert|46876|mi|km}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Interstate FAQ (Question #3) |publisher=Federal Highway Administration |year=2006 |url=http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/interstate/faq.htm#question3 |accessdate=March 4, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[فائل:North America Passenger Trains.png|thumb|کاٻو|&lt;center&gt;ريلوي نظام {{nowrap|
[[ShareMap:special/North America Passenger Trains|اندروني ملڪئ جو ريلوي نظام جو نقشو
]] &lt;/center&gt;]]

سال 2016ع ۾ سرڪاري ھوائي ٽرانسپورٽ ۾ ھن ملڪ جي رجسٽرڊ جھازن جو تعداد 92 آھي. غير سرڪاري ٽرانسپورٽ جو رجسٽرڊ تعداد 6817 آهي. ساليانو 798.23 ملين ماڻھو جھازن ۾ سفر ڪن ٿا. سال2013ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ ھوائي اڏن جو تعداد 13,513 ھيو ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ پھرين نمبر تي آهي. ملڪ ۾  پيوڊ رن وي(paved runway)  وارا ايئر پورٽ 5,054 آھن. ان پيوڊ رن وي (unpaved runway) وارا ھوئي اڏا 8459 آھن. سال 2013ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ ھيلي ڪاپٽرن جا اڏا يا ھيلي پورٽ (Heliports) جو تعداد 5,287 آھي. ملڪ ۾ 2013ع ۾ قدرتي گيس جي پائيپن جي ڪل ڊيگھ 19,84,321 ڪلوميٽر ۽ پيٽرول جي پائيپ لائين جي ڊيگھ 2,40,711 ڪلوميٽر ھئي. ريلوي لائين جي ڊيگھ ساڳي سال 2,93,564.2 ڪلوميٽر ھئي.

ملڪ ۾ روڊن جي ڊيگھ 65,86,610 ڪلوميٽر جنھن ۾ پيوڊ روڊن (paved road) جي ڊيگھ 43,04,715 ڪلوميٽر، ايڪسپريس وي ۾ 76,334 ڪلوميٽر ۽ ان پيوڊ  روڊن (unpaved roads) جا 2,81,895 ڪلوميٽر شامل آهن. روڊن جي ڊيگھ ۾ ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ پھريون نمبر آھي. ملڪ جي واپاري بحري جهازن، ٻيڙن ۽ ٽينڪرن جو تعداد 3,611 آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ملڪ جو دفاع ==
ملڪ ۾ دفاع جو خرچ 2012 ۾ جي.ڊي.پي.جو 4.24 سيڪڙو ھيو جيڪو 2016 ۾ گھٽجي 3.29 تي پھتو. 2016 ٻين ملڪن جي ڀيٽ ۾ آمريڪا دفاع جي خرچ ۾ 25 نمبر تي ھيو. ملڪ ۾ فوج  يو ايس آرمي، يو ايس نيوي، يو ايس ايئر فورس۽ يو ايس ڪوسٽ گارڊ تي مشتمل آهي. ڪوسٽ گارڊ امن واري حالت ۾ ھوم لينڊ سڪيورٽي جي ماتحت ڪم ڪندا آهن ۽ جنگ جي حالت ۾ نيوي جي شعبي ۾ رپورٽ ڪندا آهن. فوج ۾ ڀرتي جي عمر 18 سال آهي پر جي والدين مرضي ڏيکارين تہ سترھن سال ۾ ڀرتي ٿي سگھي ٿي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==صحت== 
==تعليم==
آمريڪي پرائمري ۽ ثانوي تعليم (جنهن کي آمريڪا ۾ K-12 جي نالي سان سڃاتو وڃي ٿو، &quot;ڪندر گارٽن کان 12 هين گريڊ&quot;) غير مرڪزي آهي. اهو رياست، علائقائي، ۽ ڪڏهن ڪڏهن ميونسپل حڪومتن طرفان هلايو ويندو آهي ۽ يو ايس ڊپارٽمينٽ آف ايجوڪيشن پاران منظم ڪيو ويندو آهي. عام طور تي، ٻارن کي پنجن يا ڇهن سالن جي عمر (ڪنڊرگارٽن يا فرسٽ گريڊ) کان وٺي اسڪول يا منظور ٿيل هوم اسڪول ۾ وڃڻ جي ضرورت آهي جيستائين اهي 18 سالن جي عمر ۾ نه ٿين. اهو اڪثر ڪري شاگردن کي 12 هين گريڊ ذريعي آڻيندو آهي، يو ايس هاءِ اسڪول جو آخري سال، پر ڪجهه رياستون ۽ علائقا انهن کي، 16 يا 17 سالن جي عمر ۾ اسڪول ڇڏڻ جي اجازت ڏين ٿا. آمريڪا دنيا جي ڪنهن به ملڪ جي ڀيٽ ۾ في شاگرد تعليم تي وڌيڪ خرچ ڪري ٿو 12,794 يو ايس ڊالر في سال في پبلڪ ايليمينٽري ۽ سيڪنڊري اسڪول جو شاگرد (سال 2016-2017ع ۾). آمريڪن جي عمر 25 ۽ ان کان وڌيڪ، 84.6 سيڪڙو هاء اسڪول مان گريجوئيشن ڪئي، 52.6 سيڪڙو ڪجهه ڪاليج ۾ شرڪت ڪئي، 27.2 سيڪڙو بيچلر جي ڊگري حاصل ڪئي ۽ 9.6 سيڪڙو گريجوئيٽ ڊگري حاصل ڪئي. يو ايس خواندگي جي شرح ويجھي آفاقي آھي. ڪنهن به ملڪ ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ نوبل انعام ماڻيندڙ ملڪ آهن، جن ۾ 411 (413 انعام کٽي چڪا آهن). 

يو ايس ٽيٽيري يا اعليٰ تعليم عالمي شهرت حاصل ڪئي آهي. دنيا جون ڪيتريون ئي اعليٰ يونيورسٽيون، جيئن مختلف درجابندي جي تنظيمن طرفان درج ٿيل آهن، آمريڪا ۾ آهن، جن ۾ مٿين 25 مان 19 شامل آهن. آمريڪي اعليٰ تعليم رياستي يونيورسٽين جي نظام تي حاوي آهي، جيتوڻيڪ ملڪ جون ڪيتريون ئي خانگي يونيورسٽيون ۽ ڪاليج م سڀ آمريڪي شاگرد تقريبن 20 سيڪڙو داخلا وٺن ٿا. مقامي ڪميونٽي ڪاليج عام طور تي پيش ڪن ٿا ڪورس ورڪ ۽ ڊگري پروگرام جيڪي ڪاليج جي مطالعي جي پهرين ٻن سالن کي ڍڪيندا آهن. اهي اڪثر ڪري وڌيڪ کليل داخلا پاليسين، ننڍا تعليمي پروگرام، ۽ گهٽ ٽيوشن آهن. جيئن ته اعليٰ تعليم تي سرڪاري خرچن لاءِ، يو ايس او اي سي ڊي جي اوسط کان في شاگرد وڌيڪ خرچ ڪري ٿو ۽ آمريڪي گڏيل سرڪاري ۽ نجي خرچن ۾ سڀني قومن کان وڌيڪ خرچ ڪن ٿا. ڪاليج ۽ يونيورسٽيون جيڪي سڌي طرح وفاقي حڪومت طرفان فنڊ ڪيل آهن ٽيوشن چارج نه ڪندا آهن ۽ فوجي اهلڪارن ۽ سرڪاري ملازمن تائين محدود آهن، جن ۾ شامل آهن: يو ايس سروس اڪيڊميز، نيوي پوسٽ گريجوئيٽ اسڪول ۽ فوجي اسٽاف ڪاليج. شاگردن جي قرض جي معافي جي پروگرامن جي باوجود، شاگردن جي قرضن جو قرض گذريل ڏهاڪي ۾ 102٪ وڌي ويو آهي ۽ سال 2022ع تائين 1.7 ٽريلين ڊالرن کان وڌي ويو آهي. 

==ثقافت ۽ سماج==
آمريڪي مشهور ثقافت دنيا جي ڪيترن ئي هنڌن تي وڃي ٿو.&lt;ref&gt;
{{Cite magazine|last1=Fergie|first1=Dexter|last2=Pinkham|first2=Sophie|last3=Pinkham|first3=Sophie|last4=Kindley|first4=Evan|last5=Kindley|first5=Evan|last6=Kirsch|first6=Adam|last7=Kirsch|first7=Adam|last8=Dickey|first8=Colin|last9=Dickey|first9=Colin|date=2022-03-24|title=How American Culture Ate the World|magazine=The New Republic|url=https://newrepublic.com/article/165836/american-culture-ate-world-righteous-smokescreen-globalization-review|access-date=2023-04-01|issn=0028-6583}}&lt;/ref&gt;
اهو اڪثر هنڌن تي، خاص طور تي مغربي دنيا تي وڏو اثر آهي. آمريڪي ميوزڪ هر جڳهه آهي، ۽ آمريڪي فلمون ۽ ٽيليويزن شوز اڪثر ملڪن ۾ ڏسي سگهجن ٿا.

=== وفاقی موڪلون ===
تاريخ.     نالو.           وضاحت. 
جنوري 1. نئين سال جو ڏينهن. سال جي شروعات کي جشن ملهائي ٿو. 

2. 3rd سومر جنوري ۾. مارٽن لوٿر ڪنگ، جونيئر ڊي. اعزاز ڊاڪٽر مارٽن لوٿر ڪنگ، جونيئر، هڪ آفريڪي-آمريڪي شهري حقن جو اڳواڻ. 

3. فيبروري ۾ 3rd سومر. صدر جو ڏينهن. سڀني آمريڪي صدرن کي عزت ڏئي ٿو، پر خاص طور تي جارج واشنگٽن (پيدائش فيبروري 22، 1722) ۽ ابراهيم لنڪن (پيدائش فيبروري 12، 1812). 

4. مئي ۾ آخري سومر. يادگار ڏينهن. عزت وارا ماڻهو جيڪي فوج ۾ خدمت ڪندي مري ويا ۽ اونهاري جي روايتي شروعات کي نشانو بڻايو. 

5. جون 19. جون ٽيون. 1865 ۾ سڀني غلامن جي آزاديء کي تسليم ڪيو. 

6. 4 جولاءِ آزاديءَ جو ڏهاڙو. جشن آزاديءَ جو اعلان، ”جولاءِ جي چوٿين“ جي نالي سان پڻ مشهور آهي. 

7. سيپٽمبر ۾ 1st سومر. مزدورن جو ڏينهن. ڪارڪنن جي ڪاميابين کي جشن ڪري ٿو ۽ اونهاري جي روايتي پڄاڻي کي نشانو بڻائيندو آهي. 

8. آڪٽوبر ۾ 2nd سومر. ڪولمبس جو ڏينهن يا انديشي ماڻهن جو ڏينهن. ڪولمبس جو ڏهاڙو ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس جو اعزاز ڏئي ٿو، جنهن يورپ لاءِ آمريڪا دريافت ڪيو ۽ انديشي ماڻهن جو ڏينهن آمريڪا جي مقامي ماڻهن کي اعزاز ڏئي ٿو؛ رياستون هڪ يا نه ملهائي سگهن ٿيون. 

10. نومبر 11. ويٽرنس ڊي. سڀني ماڻهن کي عزت ڏئي ٿو جيڪي فوج ۾ خدمت ڪئي (ماضي ۽ موجوده). 

11. 4th خميس نومبر ۾. شڪر. موسم خزاں جي فصل کي جشن ملهائي ٿو ۽ &quot;ڇڏيل موسم&quot; جي روايتي شروعات کي نشانو بڻائيندو آهي. 

12. ڊسمبر 25. ڪرسمس. يسوع مسيح جي پيدائش کي جشن ملهائي ٿو (غير عيسائي ان کي سياري جي موڪل جي طور تي جشن ڪندا آهن).

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!width=150| Date&lt;ref name=&quot;cornell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/6103 |title=5 U.S. Code § 6103 – Holidays |publisher=[[Cornell University Law School]] - Legal Information Institute |website=www.law.cornell.edu |access-date=2014-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709203348/https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/6103 |archive-date=July 9, 2017 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! Name
! Description
|-
| January 1
| [[New Year's Day]]
| Celebrates the beginning of the year
|-
| 3rd Monday in January
| [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]] Day
| Honors Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., an [[African-American]] [[civil rights]] leader
|-
| 3rd Monday in February
| [[President's Day]]
| Honors all of the American presidents, but specifically [[George Washington]] (born February 22, 1722) and [[Abraham Lincoln]] (born February 12, 1812)
|-
| Last Monday in May
| [[Memorial Day]]
| Honors people who died while serving in the military and marks the traditional start of [[summer]]
|-
| June 19
| [[Juneteenth]]
| Recognizes the freeing of all [[Slavery in the United States|slaves]] in 1865
|-
| July 4
| [[US Independence Day|Independence Day]]
| Celebrates the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]], also known as &quot;The Fourth of July&quot;
|-
| 1st Monday in September
| [[Labor Day]]
| Celebrates the achievements of workers and marks the traditional end of summer
|-
| 2nd Monday in October
| [[Columbus Day]] or [[Indigenous Peoples' Day]]
| Columbus Day honors [[Christopher Columbus]], who discovered [[the Americas]] for [[Europe]] and Indigenous Peoples' Day honors the native people of the US; states may celebrate one or neither
|-
| November 11
| [[Veterans Day]]
| Honors all people who served in the [[military]] (past and present)
|-
| 4th Thursday in November
| [[Thanksgiving]]
| Celebrates the [[autumn]] [[harvest]] and marks the [[tradition]]al beginning of the &quot;holiday season&quot;
|-
| December 25
| [[Christmas]]
| Celebrates the [[birth]] of [[Jesus Christ]] (non-[[Christian]]s celebrate it as a [[winter]] holiday)
|}

===پرچم===
:
[[File:Flag of the United States.svg|thumb|The US flag]]

آمريڪي پرچم. 

آمريڪي پرچم نيري پس منظر تي 50 تارن تي مشتمل آهي ۽ 13 پٽيون آهن، ست ڳاڙهي ۽ ڇهه اڇیون. اهو گڏيل قومن جي ڪيترن ئي علامتن مان هڪ آهي جهڙوڪ بالڊ ايگل. 50 تارا 50 رياستن جي نمائندگي ڪن ٿا. ڳاڙھو جرئت لاء بيٺل آھي، نيرو انصاف لاء بيٺل آھي، ۽ اڇو امن ۽ صفائي جي نمائندگي ڪري ٿو. 13 پٽي 13 اصلي نوآبادين جي نمائندگي ڪن ٿا. 
===کاڌا===
هيمبرگر آمريڪا جي مشهور خوراڪ مان هڪ آهي. آمريڪا ۾ فاسٽ فوڊ ڪيترن ئي علائقائي کاڌن جو گهر آهي جهڙوڪ ڏکڻ آمريڪا جو کاڌو، جنهن کي ڏاکڻي کاڌي جي نالي سان پڻ سڃاتو وڃي ٿو. هتي چيني، يوناني، جاپاني، اطالوي ۽ ميڪسيڪو کاڌي جا آمريڪي نسخا آهن. اصلي آمريڪن کاڌ خوراڪ اصل آمريڪين جو کاڌو آھي. دنيا جي ڪيترن ئي ملڪن ۾ آمريڪي وينجن جو تمام گهڻو اثر آهي. آمريڪي کاڌي ۾ اصلي آمريڪي، برطانوي، فرينچ، جرمن ۽ اسپيني اثرات آهن. روح کاڌو روايتي ڏکڻ آفريڪا آمريڪي کاڌو آهي. 
===موسيقي=== 
آمريڪا ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ مشهور صنفون راڪ اينڊ رول، پاپ، ڪنتری، آر اينڊ بي ۽ هپ هاپ آهن. اصلي آمريڪي موسيقي آمريڪا جي مقامي موسيقي آهي. 


The [[American flag]] is made up of 50 stars on a blue background and has 13 stripes, seven red and six white. It is one of many symbols of the United States like the [[Bald Eagle]]. The 50 stars represent the 50 states. The red stands for [[courage]], the blue stands for [[justice]], and the white represents [[peace]] and [[cleanliness]]. The 13 stripes represent the [[Thirteen Colonies|13 original colonies.]]&lt;ref&gt;USA Flag Meaning. 2009 Retrieved from [https://web.archive.org/web/20071206041914/http://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/usa-flag/usa-flag-meaning.html http://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/usa-flag/usa-flag-meaning.html] on 16th of September 2010&lt;/ref&gt;

Cuisine
:
A [[hamburger]] is one of the popular foods of the United States. [[Fast food]] in the United States is home to many regional cuisines such as the [[Cuisine of the Southern United States]], also known as Southern food. There are Americanized versions of Chinese, Greek, Japanese, Italian and Mexican cuisine. Native American cuisine is the cuisine of the indigenous [[Native Americans]]. A lot of American dishes are influenced by many countries around the world. American cuisine has Native American, British, French, German, and Spanish influences.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=The Founders of American Cuisine: Seven Cookbook Authors, with Historical Recipes| isbn=9780786458691 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=XiKhBAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=american+cuisine+is+influenced+by+german+spanish&amp;pg=PA8| last1=Haff | first1=Harry | date=8 February 2011 | publisher=McFarland }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Soul food]] is traditional southern African American food.

Music
:
The most popular genres in the United States are [[rock and roll]], [[pop music|pop]], [[country music|country]], [[R&amp;B]], and [[hip hop]]. [[Native American#Music|Native American music]] is the indigenous music of the United States.

===رانديون===
[[File:Wilson opening day 1916.jpg|thumb|In American baseball games, sometimes the president throws the first ball.]]

آمريڪي بيس بال جي راندين ۾، ڪڏهن ڪڏهن صدر پهريون بال اڇلائي ٿو. 

اصلي آمريڪن يورپين جي اچڻ کان اڳ لاڪروس کيڏيو. بيس بال آمريڪا لاءِ ملڪي راند آهي، ۽ آمريڪي فٽبال سڀ کان مشهور راند آهي. باسڪيٽ بال آمريڪا ۾ پڻ تمام گهڻو مشهور آهي، جنهن کي آمريڪا جي پنهنجي ليگ آهي جنهن کي NBA سڏيو ويندو آهي. 
===وڊيو گيمز===
آمريڪا جي وڊيو گيم انڊسٽري ڪنهن به ملڪ جي وڏي ۾ وڏي آهي. اهو چين کان پوءِ وڊيو گيمز لاءِ ٻيو نمبر وڏو بازار آهي. دنيا جا ڪيترائي وڏا ويڊيو گيم ڊولپر آمريڪا ۾ ٻڌل آهن، جهڙوڪ Take-To Interactive، Electronic Arts، Activision Blizzard، ۽ Xbox Game Studios. 
===ماپ===
آمريڪا واحد ترقي يافته ملڪ آهي جيڪو سرڪاري طور تي ميٽرڪ سسٽم استعمال نٿو ڪري. ان جي بدران، گڏيل قومن جي رواجي يونٽ سرڪاري ماپ جو نظام آهي، جيتوڻيڪ ڪي خاص شعبا جهڙوڪ سائنس ميٽرڪ سسٽم استعمال ڪن ٿا. ماضي ۾ پڻ ميٽرڪ جي ڪوشش ڪئي وئي، خاص طور تي 1970s ۾، پر انهن کي هٽايو ويو آهي.

[[Native Americans]] played [[lacrosse]] before [[Europeans]] arrived.&lt;ref&gt;Liss, Howard. Lacrosse (Funk &amp; Wagnalls, 1970) pg 13.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Baseball]] is the country sport for the United States, and [[American football]] is the most popular sport. Basketball is also very popular in the USA, which the USA has its own league called the [[National Basketball Association|NBA]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Grossman|first=Nadelle|date=2014-01-01|title=What is the NBA?|url=https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/facpub/665|journal=25 Marquette Sports Law Review 101 (2014)|access-date=2022-11-24|archive-date=2022-11-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221124042653/https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/facpub/665/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Video games
:
The [[video game industry]] of the United States is one of the largest of any country. It is the second largest market for video games after China.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Asian countries make up 40% of the world's top 10 video gaming markets|url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/08/which-countries-have-the-largest-video-gaming-markets/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=World Economic Forum|language=en|archive-date=2022-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212045635/https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/08/which-countries-have-the-largest-video-gaming-markets/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Many of the world's largest video game developers are based in the USA, like [[Take-Two Interactive]], [[Electronic Arts]], [[Activision Blizzard]], and [[Xbox Game Studios]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Gray|first=Jasmine|date=2022-08-25|title=The 10 Largest Video Game Companies In The World, And What They Do|url=https://history-computer.com/largest-video-game-companies-in-the-world-and-what-they-do/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=History-Computer|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230115121540/https://history-computer.com/largest-video-game-companies-in-the-world-and-what-they-do/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Measurement:
The United States is the only developed country that doesn't officially use the [[metric system]]. Instead, the [[United States customary units]] are the official measurement system used, though certain fields like [[science]] use the metric system. There were also attempts at [[metrication]] in the past, most notably in the 1970s, but they have been struck down.

==پڻ ڏسو== 
==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
{{Sisterlinks|گڏيل رياستن}}
*
; Government
* [http://www.usa.gov/ Official U.S. Government Web Portal] Gateway to governmental sites
* [http://www.whitehouse.gov/ White House] Official site of the President of the United States
* [https://www.senate.gov/ Senate] Official site of the United States Senate
* [http://www.house.gov/ House] Official site of the United States House of Representatives
* [{{SCOTUS URL}} Supreme Court] Official site of the Supreme Court of the United States
*[https://web.archive.org/web/19990220002603/https://www.loc.gov/index.html Library of Congress] Official site of the [[Library of Congress]]

; Overviews and data
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20000829075233/http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/factover/ Portrait of the United States] Overview from the U.S. Information Agency
*[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html United States]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225135647/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html%20 |date=2018-12-25 }}. CIA ''World Factbook'' entry.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060828224303/http://www.britannica.com/nations/United-States United States] ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' entry
*[https://web.archive.org/web/19970101150136/https://www.census.gov/hhes/www/ U.S. Census Housing and Economic Statistics] Wide-ranging data from the U.S. Census Bureau
*[http://www.ers.usda.gov/statefacts/ State Fact Sheets] Population, employment, income, and farm data from the U.S. Economic Research Service
*[http://www.teacheroz.com/states.htm The 50 States of the U.S.A.] Collected informational links for each state

; History
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080314143240/http://www.nationalcenter.org/HistoricalDocuments.html Historical documents] Collected by the National Center for Public Policy Research
* [http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm U.S. National Mottos: History and Constitutionality]. {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20061212193931/http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm |date=2006-12-12 }}. Analysis by the Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance.
* [http://www.historicalstatistics.org/index2.html USA] Collected links to historical data

; Maps
* {{Wikiatlas|the United States}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20091021182322/http://www.nationalatlas.gov/ National Atlas of the United States] Official maps from the U.S. Department of the Interior

;Other
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061102175016/http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services] Official government site

{{United States topics}}
{{United States}}
{{North America}}
{{G8}}
{{Group of 7}}
{{North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO)}}

{{Authority control}}

[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستون]]


[[زمرو:ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل آمريڪي رياستون]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل قومن جا ڀاتي ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا جون گڏيل رياستون]]

[[Category:English-speaking countries]]
[[Category:G8 nations]]
[[Category:G7 nations]]
[[Category:Federations]]
[[Category:1776 establishments in North America]]
[[Category:Spanish-speaking countries]]

==حوالا==
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      <text bytes="66779" sha1="bbbh7xgkqlcfeyafnq29ub5tazpetks" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس آف آمريڪا
| common_name = يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس
| image_flag = Animated-Flag-USA.gif
| image_coat = Great Seal of the United States (obverse).svg
| symbol_type = وڏي مھر
| national_motto = &lt;div style=&quot;padding-bottom:0.5em;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;&quot;پنھنجو ڀروسو خدا تي آ&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{USC|36|302}} ''National motto''&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[#God|Dept. of Treasury, 2011]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{{collapsible list
 |title = ''{{nobold|Other traditional mottos &amp;nbsp;}} ''
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:1.15em;
 |liststyle = text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[E pluribus unum]]&quot;|italics=off}} {{small|(de facto)}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot; ڪيترن مان ھڪ&quot;}}
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[Annuit cœptis]]&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot; ھن (خدا) ئي اسان جي مدد ڪئي آ&quot;}}
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[Novus ordo seclorum]]&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot;ھر دور جي نئين ابتدا &quot;}}
}}
| national_anthem = &quot;چمڪندڙ تارن وارو بينر&quot;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;{{center|[[فائل:Star Spangled Banner instrumental.ogg]]}}
----
{{center|'''March:''' &quot;[[The Stars and Stripes Forever]]&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;national march&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=U.S. Code: Title 36, 304|work=United States Code|location=United States|publisher=Cornell Law School|url=http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode36/usc_sec_36_00000304----000-.html|date=August 12, 1998|accessdate=February 15, 2015|quote=The composition by John Philip Sousa entitled 'The Stars and Stripes Forever' is the national march.}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}&lt;br/&gt;{{center|[[فائل:The Stars and Stripes Forever - U.S. Navy Band.ogg]]}}
| image_map = USA orthographic.svg &lt;!-- consensus map, see talk page --&gt;
| map_caption = يونائٽيڊ اسٽيٽس جنھن ۾ الاسڪا ۽ ھوائي بہ شامل ڏيکاريل آهن
| alt_map = اتر آمريڪا جي کنڊ ۾ يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس سائي رنگ ۾ نمايان
| image_map2 = US insular areas SVG.svg|700px
| alt_map2 = [[يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس ۽ ان جا علائقا|علائقا]]
| map_caption2 = گڏيل آمريڪي رياستون ۽ انھن جا علائقا
| map_width = 220px
| capital = [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]]
| latd = 38
| latm = 53
| latNS = N
| longd = 77
| longm = 01
| longEW = W
| largest_city = [[نيويارڪ سٽي]]&lt;br/&gt;
{{small|{{coord|40|43|N|74|00|W|display=inline}}}}
| official_languages = وفاقي سطح تي ڪابہ سرڪاري ٻولي ناھي
| languages_type = قومي ٻولي
| languages = [[انگريزي ٻولي]]{{ref label|engfactobox|b|}}&lt;!---NOTE: Just English, don't add &quot;American English&quot;---&gt;
| official_religion = ڪوبہ نہ
| demonym = [[آمريڪن]] يا [[آمريڪي]]
| ethnic_groups = *  72.41%: گورا
*12.61% : ڪارا
*9.11%: گھڻ نسلي  
*4.75%: ايشيائي
*1.12% : ريڊ انڊين
| government_type = [[وفاقي]] [[صدارتي]] [[آئيني ريپبلڪ]]
| leader_title1 = [[صدر]]
| leader_name1 = [[ڊونالڊ ٽرمپ]]
| leader_title2 = نائب صدر
| leader_name2 = مائيڪ پينس
| leader_title3 = اسپيڪر آف ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
| leader_name3 = پائل ريئن
| leader_title4 = چيف جسٽس
| leader_name4 = جان رابرٽس
| legislature = ڪانگريس
| upper_house = سينيٽ
| lower_house = ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
| sovereignty_type = &lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
برطانيا کان آزادي &lt;/div&gt;
| established_event1 = آمريڪا جي آزادي جو پڌرنامو
| established_date1 = 4 جولاءِ، 1776ع
| established_event2 = ڪنفيڊريشن جو قيام
| established_date2 = پھرين مارچ، 1781ع
| established_event3 = پيرس معاھدو (1783)
| established_date3 = 3 سيپٽمبر، 1783ع
| established_event4 = آمريڪا جو آئين
| established_date4 = 21 جون، 1788ع
| established_event5 = اتر مرينا ٻيٽ
| established_date5 = 24 مارچ، 1976ع
| area_rank = 3rd/4th
| area_magnitude = 1 E+12
| area_km2 = 98,57,306
| area_sq_mi = 38,05,927
| percent_water = 7.1
| area_label = جملي پکيڙ
| area_label2 = خشڪي جي پکيڙ
| area_data2 = 91,58,022 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;br/&gt;35,35,932 چورس ميل
| area_footnote = 
| population_census_year = 2010ع
| population_census_rank = ٽيون
| population_census = 309,349,689&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.census.gov/popest/data/intercensal/national/tables/US-EST00INT-01.xls PDF].U.S. census department data.&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate = 322,369,319&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popclock/|title=U.S. and World Population Clock|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=December 21, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2016ع
| population_estimate_rank = ٽيون
| population_density_km2 = 35 &lt;!--figures use (population/land area) as of May 2015--&gt;
| population_density_sq_mi = 90.6 &lt;!--figures use (population/land area) as of May 2015--&gt;
| population_density_rank = 180هون
| GDP_PPP_year = 2014ع
| GDP_PPP = 17.419 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_rank = بيون
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = 54,629 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 10هون
| GDP_nominal = 17.419 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2015/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=33&amp;pr.y=7&amp;sy=2014&amp;ey=2015&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=111&amp;s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC&amp;grp=0&amp;a=|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|publisher=IMF}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_nominal_rank = پهريون
| GDP_nominal_year = 2014ع
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = 54,629 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = پنجهون
| Gini_year = 2013ع
| Gini_change = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini = 40.8  &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_ref = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=OECD Income Distribution Database: Gini, poverty, income, Methods and Concepts|url=http://www.oecd.org/els/soc/income-distribution-database.htm|website=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Global inequality: How the U.S. compares|url=http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2013/12/19/global-inequality-how-the-u-s-compares/|website=Pew Research}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Income Distribution and Poverty : by country – INEQUALITY|url=http://stats.oecd.org/index.aspx?queryid=46189|website=OECD}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_year = 2014&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change = increase&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI = 0.915 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr_2015_statistical_annex.pdf |title=2015 Human Development Report  |date=2015 |accessdate=December 14, 2015 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank = 8th
| EF_year = 2007
| EF = {{decrease}} 8.0 gha&lt;ref name=&quot;EF&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.footprintnetwork.org/images/uploads/Ecological_Footprint_Atlas_2010.pdf |title=Ecological Footprint Atlas 2010 |publisher=Global Footprint Network |accessdate=July 11, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| EF_rank = 6th
| currency = آمريڪي ڊالر ($)
| currency_code = USD
| country_code = USA
| utc_offset = −4 to −12, +10, +11
| utc_offset_DST = −4 to −10{{ref label|UTCbox|d|}}
| calling_code = [[North American Numbering Plan|+1]]
| iso3166code = US
| date_format = MM/DD/YYYY
| drives_on = ساڄو پاسو
{{ref label|driving|e|}}
| cctld = {{nowrap|[[.us]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.gov]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.mil]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.edu]]}}
| footnote_a = 
| footnote_b = 
}}
[[فائل:United States (orthographic projection).svg|کاٻو|thumb|300px]]
'''آمريڪا جون گڏيل رياستون''' {{ٻيا نالا|انگريزي= ''' United States of America'''}} جنهن کي '''يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس'''، '''يو ايس''' يا '''آمريڪا''' به چيو ويندو آهي، 50 رياستن تي مشتمل هڪ جمهوري ملڪ آهي.  هي ملڪ اتر آمريڪا کنڊ ۾ واقع آهي. هتان جي گادي جو هنڌ [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]] ۽ سڀ کان وڏو شهر [[نيويارڪ]] آهي. 50 مان 48 رياستون هڪ ئي هنڌ [[ڪئناڊا]] جي ڏکڻ ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو]] جي اتر ۾ واقع آهن، جڏهن ته هڪ رياست [[الاسڪا]] باقي ملڪ کان پري [[ڪئناڊا]] جي اولھه ۾ ۽ ٻي رياست [[هوائي]] باقي ملڪ جي اولھ ۾ [[پيسفڪ سمنڊ|پئسفڪ سمنڊ]] ۾ آهي. آمريڪا جي اتر-اولهه واري رياست [[واشنگٽن رياست]] آهي. آمريڪا جي ڪل آبادي 34 ڪروڙ آهي ۽ هي آبادي جي لحاظ کان دنيا جو  ٽيون وڏو ملڪ آهي. هي ملڪ سال 1776ع ۾ قائم ٿيو. ناڻي ۽ فوجي طاقت جي لحاظ کان دنيا ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ طاقتور آهي.[[فائل:Bald Eagle Portrait.jpg|thumb|upright| بالڊ ايگل جيڪو 1782 کان وٺي آمريڪا جو قومي پکي آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;McDougall2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=Len McDougall |title=The Encyclopedia of Tracks and Scats: A Comprehensive Guide to the Trackable Animals of the United States and Canada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9XOc2_u7z6cC&amp;pg=PA325 |year=2004 |publisher=Lyons Press |isbn=978-1-59228-070-4 |page=325}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

پيلو-انڊين 12,000 سال اڳ کان وڌيڪ بيرنگ زميني پل جي پار لڏي ويا. برطانوي نوآباديات 1607 ۾ ورجينيا ۾ تيرهن ڪالونين جي پهرين آبادي جو سبب بڻيو. ٽيڪس ۽ سياسي نمائندگي تي برطانوي تاج سان ٽڪراءَ آمريڪي انقلاب کي جنم ڏنو، ٻي ڪانٽينينٽل ڪانگريس 4 جولاءِ 1776ع تي آزاديءَ جو باضابطه اعلان ڪيو. انقلابي جنگ (1775-1783)، ملڪ اتر آمريڪا ۾ وڌندو رهيو. جيئن وڌيڪ رياستون داخل ڪيون ويون، غلاميءَ تي سيڪشنل ڊويزن آمريڪا جي ڪنفيڊرٽ رياستن جي علحدگيءَ جو سبب بڻيون، جن 1861-1865 آمريڪي گهرو ويڙهه دوران يونين جي باقي رياستن سان وڙهيو. يونين جي فتح ۽ تحفظ سان، غلامي کي قومي طور تي ختم ڪيو ويو. 1890ع  تائين، آمريڪا پاڻ کي هڪ عظيم طاقت طور قائم ڪيو. ڊسمبر 1941ع ۾ پرل هاربر تي جاپان جي حملي کان پوءِ، آمريڪا ٻي عالمي جنگ ۾ داخل ٿيو. جنگ جي نتيجي ۾ آمريڪا ۽ سوويت يونين کي دنيا جي ٻن سپر پاورن جي طور تي ڇڏي ويو ۽ سرد جنگ جو سبب بڻيو، جنهن دوران ٻنهي ملڪن نظرياتي تسلط ۽ بين الاقوامي اثر رسوخ لاءِ جدوجهد ۾ مصروف ٿي ويا. سوويت يونين جي ٽٽڻ ۽ 1991ع ۾ سرد جنگ جي خاتمي کانپوءِ، آمريڪا دنيا جي واحد سپر پاور طور اڀري آيو. يو ايس جي قومي حڪومت هڪ صدارتي آئيني جمهوريه آهي ۽ لبرل جمهوريت ٽن الڳ شاخن سان: قانون ساز، انتظامي، ۽ عدالتي. هن ۾ هڪ ٻه رڪني قومي قانون سازي آهي جيڪا هائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽوز تي مشتمل آهي، آبادي جي بنياد تي هيٺيون ايوان؛ ۽ سينيٽ، هر رياست جي برابر نمائندگي تي ٻڌل هڪ اپر ايوان. رياستن ۽ ڪيترن ئي علائقن کي انتهائي خودمختياري ڏني وئي آهي، هڪ سياسي ڪلچر سان جيڪو زور ڏئي ٿو آزادي، برابري قانون تحت، انفراديت، ۽ محدود حڪومت. دنيا جي سڀ کان وڌيڪ ترقي يافته ملڪن مان هڪ، آمريڪا 1890ع کان وٺي سڀ کان وڏي نامياتي GDP رکي ٿو ۽ 2023ع ۾ عالمي معيشت جو 15 سيڪڙو حصو رکي ٿو. او اي سي ڊي ملڪن جي وچ ۾ في ماڻهون جي سڀ کان وڌيڪ ڊسپوزيبل گهريلو آمدني. آمريڪا انساني حقن، اقتصادي مقابلي، پيداوار، جدت ۽ اعليٰ تعليم ۾ دنيا جي اعليٰ ترين ملڪن ۾ شمار ٿئي ٿو. ان جي سخت طاقت ۽ ثقافتي اثر عالمي پهچ آهي. يو ايس ورلڊ بئنڪ، آرگنائيزيشن آف آمريڪن اسٽيٽس، نيٽو ۽ گڏيل قومن جو باني ميمبر آهي، گڏوگڏ گڏيل قومن جي سلامتي ڪائونسل جو مستقل ميمبر آهي.

== تاريخ ==
1000ع ۾ [[ليف ايرڪسن]] نالي هڪ مهم جُو يورپي جهازي [[اتر آمريڪا]] جي سامونڊي حدن ۾ اچي داخل ٿيو. 12 آڪٽوبر 1492ع ۾ [[ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس]] (Christopher Columbus) ائٽلانٽڪ وڏي سمنڊ ۾ طوفان جي وڪڙ ۾ اچي آمريڪي ڪناري تي پهتو ۽ [[سين سلويڊور]] San Slavador ٻيٽ تي لنگر انداز ٿيو.
[[ڪيليفورنيا]] جنهن کي گولڊن اسٽيٽ به سڏيو ويندو آهي، تنهنجي [[ايل ڊوراڊو]] El Dorado علائقي ۾ سڀني کان پهرين پهچندڙ اسپيني ماڻهن هتي سون جي ڳولا ۾ پهتا. 
1607ع ۾ [[ورجينا]] رياست جي [[جيمس ٽائون]]James Town شهر ۾ انگريزن جي پهرين ڪالوني قائم ٿي ۽ انگريز سڀ کان پهرين هن شهر ۾ اچي آباد ٿيا.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=ٽوئر ٽو آمريڪا (عبدالحئي پليجو) {{!}} سنڌ سلامت ڪتاب گهر&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt; |url=http://books.sindhsalamat.com/book.php?book_id=327#16407 |accessdate=2016-09-27 |archive-date=2017-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912103147/http://books.sindhsalamat.com/book.php?book_id=327#16407 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;ڪتاب: ٽوئر ٽو آمريڪا&lt;/ref&gt;

[[فائل:Declaration independence.jpg|thumb|ڊڪليئريشن آف انڊپنڏنس ( خودمختياري جو اعلان) جو جان ٽرمبول پاران ٺاھيل پينٽنگ]]

برطانيا جون آمريڪي ڪالونيون 1776 ۾ برطانيا کان الڳ ٿي ويون ۽ انھن کي 1783 ۾ پيرس واري معاھدي ذريعي يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس آف آمريڪا جي نالي سان ھڪ نئين قوم جي سڃاڻپ ملي. گڏيل رياستن ۾ پھرين 13 رياستون ھيون ۽ 19 کان 20 صدي دوران ٻيون 37 رياستون بہ ان ۾ شامل ٿي ويون.آمريڪا جي تاريخ ۾ ھڪ ڏکيو دور گهرو ويڙهه وارو ھيو جيڪا 1861 کان 1865 تائين ھلي 

[[فائل:Thure de Thulstrup - L. Prang and Co. - Battle of Gettysburg - Restoration by Adam Cuerden (cropped).jpg|thumb|گهرو ويڙهه دوران [[گيٽس برگ واري لڙائي]] (Battle of Gettysburg) جي  مصور  [[ٿيوئر ڊي ٿلسٽرپ]] پاران ٺاھيل پينٽنگ]] 

جنھن ۾ اتر وارين رياستن جي يونين ۽ ڏکڻ وارين رياستن جي [[ڪنفيڊريشن]] جي وچ ۾ جنگ ھلي جيڪا اتر وارين رياستن کٽي ھئي. آمريڪا جي تاريخ جو ٻيو ڏکيو دور 1930 واري ڏھاڪي جو معاشي بحران آھي جنھن ۾ آمريڪا جي مزدورن جو چوٿون حصو نوڪريون ختم ٿي وڃڻ جي ڪري بي روزگار ٿي ويو.

[[فائل:Crowd outside nyse.jpg|thumb|1929 کان پوءِ ٿيندڙ معاشي گھوٽالي جي ڪري ماڻھو وال اسٽريٽ ۾ گڏ ٿيندي]]
پھرين ۽ ٻين جنگ عظيم جي فتح ۽ 1991 ۾ سرد جنگ جي خاتمي آمريڪا کي ھڪ سپر پاور بڻائي ڇڏيو.آمريڪي معيشت ۽ [[ٽيڪنالاجي]]۾ بي حد اضافو ٿيو آھي. ھن وقت آمريڪا دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي معيشت آھي. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
4 -اپريل- 1789ع تي -آمريڪا- جو -آئين- نافذ ٿيو. 30 -اپريل- 1789ع تي -[[جارج واشنگٽن]]- -آمريڪا- جو پهريون صدر ٿيو. 1861ع کان 1865ع تائين -آمريڪا- گھرو -جنگ- ۾ مبتلا رهيو، ڇو ته ڏاکڻين رياستن جي ڪارن غلامن -آزادي- پئي گهري. آمريڪي صدر ابراهام لنڪن غلاميءَ جو خاتمو آندو. 30 مارچ 1867ع تي روس [[الاسڪا]] جي رياست 7 ملين ڊالرن عيوض -آمريڪا- کي وڪڻي ڇڏي. 17 ڊسمبر 1903ع تي -آمريڪا- جي [[رائيٽ برادران]] ([[ولبرٽ رائيٽ]] ۽ [[آرويل رائيٽ]]) هڪ ننڍي هوائي جهاز ۾، جيڪو مشين سان هلندو هو، -[[اتر ڪيرولينا]] جي [[ڪٽيهاڪ]] ميدانن -تان- پهرئين -اڏام- ڪئي، ٻئي ڀائر جهاز ۾ موجود هئا.  
1906ع ۾ آمريڪي صدر [[روز ويلٽ]] کي پهريون ڀيرو امن جو نوبل -انعام- مليو. 06 -اپريل- 1917ع تي -آمريڪا- پهرين عالمي -جنگ- ۾ شامل ٿيو. 13 -اپريل- 1935ع تي دنيا جي پهرئين ايئر سروس جي شروعات ڪيائين. -ٻي عالمي جنگ- ۾ [[جاپان]] جي هٿيار ڦٽا نه ڪرڻ سبب -آمريڪا- 6 -آگسٽ- 1945ع تي [[هيروشيما]] ۽ 9 -آگسٽ- 1945ع تي [[ناگاساڪي]] تي ايٽم -بم- ڪيرايا، جنهن سان بي انداز -جاني- نقصان ٿيو ۽ -آمريڪا- دنيا تي هڪ هٽي قائم ڪري ورتي. 5 مئي 1961ع تي ايلن بي شيپرڊ پهرئين آمريڪي خلاباز جي حيثيت سان خلا ۾ -اڏام- ڪئي. 22 نومبر 1963ع تي صدر جان ايف ڪينيڊيءَ کي قتل ڪيو ويو. 1968ع ۾ ڪارن جي حقن لاءِ آواز اٿاريندڙ اڳواڻ [[مارٽن لوٿرڪنگ]] کي قتل ڪيو ويو. 20 -جولاءِ- 1969ع تي آمريڪي خلائي جهاز اپولو II وسيلي خلاباز [[نيل آرمسٽرانگ|نيل آمسٽرانگ]]، [[ايڊون ايلڊرن]] ۽ [[مائيڪل ڪولينز]] چنڊ تي لٿا، جنهن کي سڄي دنيا جي عوام ٽي ويءَ تي سڌو سنئون ڏٺو. 26 فيبروري 1991ع تي -آمريڪا- [[ڪويت]] کي [[عراق]] جي قبضي مان ڇڏايو. 07 نومبر 2000ع جي صدارتي چونڊن ۾ جارج واڪر بش صدر چونڊجي آيو. 11 سيپٽمبر 2001ع تي ٻه مسافرن سان ڀريل جهاز [[ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر]] ۽ آمريڪي وزارت دفاع جي آفيس [[پينٽاگون]] سان ٽڪرائجي ويا ۽ ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر جا ٻئي ٽاور پٽ اچي پيا. -

{{multiple image|total_width=360
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 | caption2 = ون ورلڊ سينٽر جي نئين ٺاھيل بلڊنگ
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}}

آمريڪا- -ان- دهشت گرديءَ جو ذميوار [[اسامه بن لادن]] کي قرار ڏنو، جيڪو -[[افغانستان]]- ۾ [[طالبان]] جو مهمان هو. انهيءَ الزام هيٺ -افغانستان- تي حملو ڪري طالبان جي حڪومت جو خاتمو آندو ويو. اها لڙائي اڃا به -جاري- آهي، 2003ع جي سياري ۾ -آمريڪا- عراق تي حملو ڪري [[صدام حسين]] کي گرفتار ڪري، کيس عدالت ذريعي ڦاهي ڏياري. عراق ۾ هينئر به نيٽو فورسز ويڙهاڪن کي منهن ڏيئي رهي آهي. -آمريڪا- 51 رياستن جو وفاق آهي، -جتي- صدارتي طرز جي حڪومت قائم آهي. صدر رياست جو مملڪتي اڳواڻ سربراهه (هيڊ آف اسٽيٽ)، حڪومت جو اڳواڻ، سڀني آئيني ۽ انتظامي اختيارن جو مالڪ ۽ هٿياربند فوجن جو سپريم ڪمانڊر آهي. صدر عوام جي ووٽن سان چئن سالن لاءِ چونڊبو آهي. ڪابينا ۽ رياستي گورنرن جي چونڊ صدر پاڻ ڪندو آهي. هن وقت آمريڪا جو صدر  [[ڊونلڊ ٽرمپ|ڊونالڊ ٽرمپ]] آهي آمريڪا  جو اڳوڻو صدر [[بارڪ اوباما|بارڪ حسين اوباما]] ھو    جيڪو -تاريخ- جو پهريون سربراهه ھيو، جنهن جو تعلق ڪاري نسل سان ھيو. هن کي 2009ع جو امن جو نوبل -انعام- به مليو . -آمريڪا- جي آزاديءَ جو ڏهاڙو 04 -جولاءِ- 1776ع آهي، ۽ کيس گڏيل قومن جي اداري (UNO) جي ميمبرشپ 24 -آڪٽوبر- 1945ع کان حاصل آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[http://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=آمريڪا آمريڪا : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;

[[فائل:Liberty-statue-from-below.jpg|thumb|کاٻو|نيويارڪ سٽي ۾[[اسٽيچو آف لبرٽي]] جيڪو 1886 ۾ آمريڪا  جيڪو آمريڪا جي نشان طور سڃاتو وڃي ٿو پر ان سان آمريڪي جمھوريت، آزادي ۽ موقعي جي بہ سڃاڻپ طور مشھور آھي  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| title = Statue of Liberty| work=World Heritage| publisher=UNESCO| url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307| accessdate = October 20, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

== جاگرافي ==
[[فائل:USA-satellite.jpg|thumb|آمريڪا جي گڏيل رياستن جي سيٽلائيٽ ذريعي نڪتل تصوير جنھن ۾ ان جي پسگردائي پڻ ڏيکاريل آهي]]
[[فائل:US 50 states Köppen.svg|thumb|کاٻو| ڪوپن واري آبهوا جي درجہ بندي]]
ھي ملڪ اتر کان ڏکڻ ۾ [[ڪيناڊا]] ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو]] ۽ اوڀر کان اولھ [[ائٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] ۽ [[پيسفڪ سمنڊ]] جي وچ ۾ واقع آهي. ھن ملڪ جو جاگرافيائي محل وقوع 38 00 N, 97 00 W آھي.ملڪ جي ايراضي  9,833,517 چورس ڪلوميٽر جن مان
9,147,593 چورس ڪلوميٽر خشڪي 685,924 چورس ڪلوميٽر پاڻي آھي. ھن ملڪ ۾ 50 رياستون ۽ ھڪ وفاقي ٽيريٽري جنھن جو نالو [[ڊسٽرڪٽ آف ڪولمبيا]] آهي جنھن ۾ وفاقي گاديءَ جو هنڌ [[واشنگٽن]] واقع آهي. ھي دنيا جو پکيڙ ۾ چوٿون وڏو ملڪ آهي.ھن جي زمين واري سرحد جملي 12,048 ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان ڪيناڊا سان  اتر واري پاسي  8,893 ڪ.م. ۽ الاسڪا واري پاسي کان ڪيناڊا سان 2,477 ڪ.م. اٿس باقي ميڪسيڪو سان  زميني سرحد 3,155 ڪ.م. آهي.ھن ملڪ جي [[گوانٽانامو بي]] ۾ فوجي اڏي واري زمين ڪيوبا جو حصو آهي ۽ اھا ڪيوبا کان ليز تي ورتل آھي ان جي زميني سرحد 28.5 ڪ.م. آهي. ھن ملڪ جي ساحلي سرحد 19,924 ڪ. م. آھي ۽ ان جي سرحدي حد سمنڊ طرف 12 ناٽيڪل ميل آھي. ملڪ جو ساحلي معاشي زون سمنڊ طرف 200 ناٽيڪل ميل
آھي.آمريڪا جي سمند جي سطح کان سراسري بلندي 720 ميٽر آھي. ان جو سڀ کان اونھو مقام [[موت جي وادي]] (Death Valley)آھي جيڪا سمند جي سطح کان 86 ميٽر اونھي آھي. سڀ کان اوچو مقام [[مائونٽ ميڪ ڪنلي]](McKinley) ۾ [[ڊينالي]](Denali) آهي جيڪو 6,190 ميٽر اوچو آهي.قدرتي وسيلن ۾ ھتي [[ڪوئلو]] ،[[ٽامو]]، [[شيھو]]، [[موليبيڊنيم]]، [[فاسفيٽ]]، [[يورينيم]]، [[باڪسائيٽ]]، [[سون]]، [[لوھ]]، [[پارو]]، [[نڪل]]، [[پوٽاش]]، [[چاندي]] , [[ٽنگسٽن]]، [[جست]]، [[پيٽرول]] [[عمارتي ڪاٺ]] جي دولت سان ڀريل آهي. دنيا م ڪوئلي جا سڀ کان گھڻا ذخيرا ھن ملڪ  اھن جيڪي  491 ارب ٽن آھن جيڪي سڄي دنيا جي ڪوئلي جو 27 سيڪڙو آھن.
ھن ملڪ جي  44.5 سيڪڙو زمين زرخيز آهي جنھن جو  16.8 سيڪڙو زمين تي پوک ٿيندي آهي جنھن مان 3 سيڪڙو تي مستقل پوک ٿيندي آهي، 27.4 سيڪڙو زمين تي چراگاھون آھن ۽ 33.3 سيڪڙو تي ٻيلا آھن.2012 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبپاشي واري زمين  264,000 چورس ڪلوميٽر  ھئي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
هن ملڪ جي گڏيل رياستن جو سرڪاري نالو “United States of America” آهي.”-آمريڪا-“ نالو، هڪ اٽالين جهازي امريگو وسپوسي جي نالي تي رکيو ويو، جيڪو 1497ع ۾ هتي آيو هو. -آمريڪا- جي -اتر- ۾ ڪيناڊا، -اوڀر- ۾ ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ، ڏکڻ ۾ ميڪسيڪو ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو نار]] ۽ اولهه ۾ پيسفِڪ سمنڊ آهن. گڏيل رياستن تي ٻڌل -آمريڪا-، ڪيناڊا ۽ ميڪسيڪو جي وچ ۾ آهي. هن جي هڪ رياست هوائي ٻيٽ سان فرانسسڪو کان 3870 ڪلوميٽر (2400 ميل) ڏکڻ اولهه طرف آهي. اڀرندي ۽ الهندي وارن علائقن ۾ ڊگھا جابلو سلسلا آهن. -آمريڪا- جي ڪل پکيڙ 9،160،454 چورس ڪلوميٽر (3،535،935 چورس ميل) ۽ آبادي 28 ڪروڙ آهي، گاديءَ جو هنڌ واشنگٽن (Washington) ۽ سڀ کان مٿانهون هنڌ مائونٽ ميڪنلي (6194 ميٽر) آهي. هن ملڪ جي سرڪاري -ٻولي- -انگريزي- ۽ ڪرنسي يو -ايس- ڊالر آهي، جيڪا دنيا جي وڌيڪ هلندڙ ۽ اهم ڪرنسي آهي. -آمريڪا- جي موسم، مختلف علائقن جي آبهوا جي حوالي سان مختلف آهي. گھڻي قدر موسم -ٿڌي- ۽ خوشگوار رهندي آهي. -آمريڪا- جي زرعي پيداوار ۾ ڪپهه، ڪڻڪ، جؤ، مڪئي، پٽاٽا، سويابين، داليون، ميوا ۽ ڀاڄيون آهن. مکيه صنعتن ۾ جهاز سازي، هٿيار، ميزائيل وغيره، پيٽروليم جون شيون، ڀاڻ، لوهه، موٽر گاڏيون، سيمنٽ، ڪپڙو، اليڪٽرانڪ -اوزار-، ڪيميائي شيون، دوائون، ڪمپيوٽر، پلاسٽڪ شامل آهن ۽ مکيه معدنيات ۾ -تيل-، ڪوئلو، -ٽامو-، موليڊنيم، فاسفيٽ، يورينيم، باڪسائٽ، سون، لوهه، پارو، نقل، پوٽاش ۽ -ٽنگسٽن شامل آهن.&lt;ref&gt;[http://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=آمريڪا آمريڪا : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;

== آبادي ۽ ڊيموگرافي ==

جولائي 2017 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبادي  326,625,791 ھئي جنھن مطابق ھي ملڪ دنيا جو ٽيون نمبر وڏو ملڪ آهي.جستان جي ماڻهن کي آمريڪي يا امريڪن سڏيو ويندو آهي.ھتسم جا 72.4 سيڪڙو ماڻهو گورا، 12.6 سيڪڙو ڪارا، 4.8 سيڪڙو ايشيائي، 0.9 سيڪڙو ريڊ انڊين ۽ الاسڪا جا اصلي رھاڪو،0.2 سيڪڙو ھوائين ۽ٻياپئسفڪ ٻيٽن جا رھاڪو، ۽ باقي 6.2 سيڪڙو ٻيا.

[[فائل:Most common ancestries in the United States.svg|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن ۾ غالب نسل&lt;br&gt;{{Legend0|#0075ff|[[جرمن آمريڪي|جرمن]]}} {{Legend0|#ff0000|''[[آمريڪن نسل وارو ماڻھو|آمريڪي نسل]]''}} {{Legend0|#ff7500| [[ميڪسيڪن آمريڪي|ميڪسيڪن]]}} {{Legend0|#007500|[[آئرش آمريڪي|آئرش]]}} {{Legend0|#00ffff|[[آفريڪن آمريڪي|آفريڪي]]}} {{Legend0|#7500ff|[[اطالوي آمريڪي|اطالوي]]}} {{Legend0|#750075|[[انگريزي نسل وارا آمريڪي|انگريز]]}} {{Legend0|#ffff00|[[جپاني آمريڪي|جپاني]]}} {{Legend0|#d93190|[[پورٽوريڪي]]}}]]

انگريزي ڳالهائيندڙن جو تعداد ھن ملڪ ۾ 79 سيڪڙو آھي، اسپيني 13 سيڪڙو، انڊو يورپين ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 3.7 سيڪڙو ، ايشيا ۽ پيسفڪ جون ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 3.4 سيڪڙو، باقي ٻيون ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 1 سيڪڙو.
آمريڪا جي وفاق جي ڪابہ سرڪاري ٻولي ناھي پر انگريزي 50 مان 32 رياستن جي سرڪاري ٻولي بڻجي وئي آھي. ھوائين بہ ھوائي رياست جي سرڪاري ٻولي آھي.
ھتان جي 46.5 سيڪڙو آبادي پروٽيسٽنٽ آھي، رومن ڪيٿولڪ ھتي 20.8 سيڪڙو ،يھودي 1.9 سيڪڙو، مورمن (Mormon)1.6  سيڪڙو، ٻيا عيسائي 0.9 سيڪڙو، 0.9 سيڪڙو  مسلمان، 0.8 سيڪڙو يھوا جا شاھد، 0.7سيڪڙو  ٻڌ، 0.7 سيڪڙو ھندو، ۽ 1.8 سيڪڙو ٻيا مذھب
۽ 22.8 سيڪڙو لامذھب آھن
2017 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبادي جي واڌ جي شرح 0.81 سيڪڙو ھئي. 2018 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي شھري آبادي ملڪ جي آبادي جو 82.3 سيڪڙو ھئي.واشينگٽن جي آبادي 2015 ۾ 4.955 ملين ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}{{مئل ڳنڍڻو|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

{{US Census population
|1610= 350
|1620= 2302
|1630= 4646
|1640= 26634
|1650= 50368
|1660= 75058
|1670= 111935
|1680= 151507
|1690= 210372
|1700= 250888
|1710= 331711
|1720= 466185
|1730= 629445
|1740= 905563
|1750= 1170760
|1760= 1593625
|1770= 2148076
|1780= 2780369
|1790= 3929214
|1800= 5308483
|1810= 7239881
|1820= 9638453
|1830= 12866020
|1840= 17069453
|1850= 23191876
|1860= 31443321
|1870= 38558371
|1880= 50189209
|1890= 62979766
|1900= 76212168
|1910= 92228496
|1920= 106021537
|1930= 123202624
|1940= 132164569
|1950= 151325798
|1960= 179323175
|1970= 203211926
|1980= 226545805
|1990= 248709873
|2000= 281421906
|2010= 308745538
|align=right
|estyear=2017&lt;ref name=&quot;census1&quot;/&gt;
|estimate=325719178
|footnote=1610–1780 population data.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=CT1970p2-13: Colonial and Pre-Federal Statistics |url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/statcomp/documents/CT1970p2-13.pdf |website=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=August 20, 2015 |page=1168 |date=2004}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;Note that the census numbers do&lt;br/&gt;not include [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] until 1860.&lt;ref name=&quot;Census1860&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |title=Historical Census Statistics On Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For Large Cities And Other Urban Places In The United States  |website=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=May 28, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

== سياسي انتظام ۽ حڪومت ==

=== آمريڪا جو نالو ===
[[فائل:Amerigo Vespucci - Project Gutenberg etext 19997.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|کاٻو|امیریگو وسپوچی جی خیالی تصویر]]

آمريڪا جو نالو اٽلي جي کوجنا ڪندڙ جھازران ۽ ڪارٽوگرافر (نقشن ٺاھڻ جو ماھر) اميريگو وسپوچي (Amerigo Vespucci) (جنم: 1454؛ وفات:1512) جي نالي مان نڪتل آهي. جيڪو لاطيني اچار ۾ آمريڪس سڏبو هو جنھن مان وري بدلجي آمريڪا ٿي ويو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== وفاق ۽ رياستون ===
حڪومت جو قسم آئيني وفاقي ريپبلڪ آهي جنھن جو گاديءَ جو هنڌ واشنگٽن ڊي.سي. آهي جنھن جو محل وقوع 38 53 N, 77 02 W آھي.ملڪ جي وفاق ۾ 50 رياستون آھن جيڪي ڇھن ثائيم زونن ۾ اچن ٿيون.ام کان علاوه ھڪ ضلعو ڊسٽرڪٽ آف ڪولمبيا آھي جيڪو انھن رياستن کان علاوه آھي جنھن ۾ واشنگٽن شھر واقع آهي.رياستن جا نالا ھيٺ ڏجن ٿا:
#[[الاباما]] (Alabama)
#[[الاسڪا]] (Alaska)
#[[ايرزونا]] (Arizona)
#[[ارڪنسا]] (Arkansas)
#[[ڪيليفورنيا]] (California)
#[[ڪولراڊو]] (Colorado)
#[[ڪونيڪٽيڪٽ]] (Connecticut)
#[[ڊيلويئر]] (Delaware)
#[[فلوريڊا]] (Florida)
#[[جارجيا (آمريڪي رياست)|جارجيا]] (Georgia)
#[[ھوائي]] (Hawaii)
#[[آئيڊاھو]] (Idaho)
#[[الينوائي]] (Illinois)
#[[انڊيانا]] (Indiana)
#[[آيووا]] (Iowa)
#[[ڪنساس]] (Kansas)
#[[ڪنٽاڪي]] (Kentucky)
#[[لوئزيانا]] (Louisiana)
#[[مئن]] (Maine)
#[[ميري لينڊ]] (Maryland)
#[[مئسچوسٽس]] (Massachusetts)
#[[مشي گن]] (Michigan)
#[[منيسوٽا]] (Minnesota)
#[[مسيسيپي]] (Mississippi)
#[[مسوري]] (Missouri)
#[[مونٽانا]] (Montana)
#[[نبراسڪا]] (Nebraska)
#[[نويڊا]] (Nevada)
#[[نيو ھئمپشائر]] (New Hampshire)
#[[نيو جرسي]] (New Jersey)
#[[نيو ميڪسيڪو]] (New Mexico) 
#[[نيو يارڪ]] (New York)
#[[نارٿ ڪيرولينا]] (North Carolina)
#[[نارٿ ڊڪوٽا]] (North Dakota)
#[[اوھيو]] (Ohio)
#[[اوڪلاھاما]] (Oklahoma)
#[[اوريگون|اوريگان]] (Oregon)
#[[پينسلوانيا]](Pennsylvania)
#[[رھوڊ آئلينڊ]] ( Rhode Island )
#[[سائوٿ ڪيرولينا]] (South Carolina)
#[[سائوٿ ڊڪوٽا]] (South Dakota)
#[[ٽينيسي|ٽنيسي]] (Tennessee)
#[[ٽيڪساس]] (Texas)
#[[يوٽا]] (Utah)
#[[ورمونٽ]] (Vermont)
#[[ورجينيا]] (Virginia)
#[[واشنگٽن]] (Washington)
#[[ويسٽ ورجينيا]] (West Virginia)
#[[وسڪونسن|وسڪانسن]] (Wisconsin)
#[[ويومنگ]] (Wyoming)

{{multiple image
 | align             = کاٻو
 | direction         = vertical
 | caption_align     = center
 | image1            = Capitol Building Full View.jpg
 | caption1          = گاديءَ جو هنڌ &lt;br/&gt; جتي ڪانگريس واقع آهي&lt;br/&gt; کاٻي پاسي سينيٽ ۽ساڄي پاسي ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
 | image2            = WhiteHouseSouthFacade.JPG
 | caption2          = وائيٽ ھائوس: آمريڪا جي صدر جو گھر ۽ آفيس
 | image3            = USSupremeCourtWestFacade.JPG
 | caption3          = سپريم ڪورٽ بلڊنگ
}}

[[فائل:US states by date of statehood3 frame.png|alt=آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين]]

[[فائل:US states by date of statehood3.gif|alt=آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين]]

=== آمريڪي اختيار وارا علائقا ===
[[فائل:US.EEZ Pacific centered NOAA map.png|thumb|کاٻو| آمريڪا جو معاشي زون وارو نقشو جنھن ۾ سامونڊي حد ۽ قبضي وارا علائقا ڏيکاريل آهن.]]
ھيٺين علائقن ۾ آمريڪي حڪومت جو اختيار آهي.
*[[امريڪن ساموا]] (American Samoa)
*[[بيڪر آئلينڊ]] (Baker Island)
*[[گئام]] (Guam)
*[[ھائو لينڊ آئلينڊ]] (Howland Island)
*[[جاروس آئلينڊ]] (Jarvis Island)
*[[جانسٽن ايٽول]] (Johnston Atoll)
*[[ناواسا آئلينڊ]] (Navassa Island)
*[[نادرن مرينا آئلينڊس|اتر ماريانا آئلينڊز]] (Northern Mariana Islands)
*[[پيلمائرا ايٽول]] (Palmyra Atoll)
*[[پورٽو ريڪو]] (Puerto Rico)
*[[ورجن آئلينڊس|ورجن آئلينڊز]] (Virgin Islands)
*[[ويڪ آئلينڊ]] (Wake Island)

=== خودمختياري ===

ھن ملڪ 4 جولائي 1776 برطانيا بڻ کان خودمختياري حاصل ڪئي ان ڪري اھو ڏينھن آمريڪا ۾ قومي ڏينھن ۽ موڪل جو ڏينهن آھي  .3 سيپٽمبر 1783 ۾ برطانيا ان جي خودمختياري کي تسليم ڪيو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== قانوني سسٽم ===
آمريڪا جي وفاق ۾ سڀني رياستن ۾ سواءِ ھڪ جي ڪامن لا سسٽم آھي. رڳو ھڪ رياست لئوزيانا ۾ نيپولينڪ سول ڪوڊ لاڳو  آھي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== معيشت ==
ھن ملڪ جي معيشت دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي ۽  طاقتور معيشت آھي جنھن جي في ڪس جي ڊي پي 59500 يو.ايس.ڊالر آھي. ھن ملڪ جون ڪمپنيون ڪمپيوٽر, دوائن، ايئرواسپيس ۽ فوجي سازوسامان  جي ٽيڪنالاجي ۾ دنيا اندر ھراول آهن.  فوجي ٽيڪنالاجي جي دنيا اندر اھميت گھٽجڻ ڪري پرچيزنگ پاور پئرٽي مطابق 2014 ۾ ھن جي معيشت 2014 ۾ ٻئي نمبر تي اچي وئي جو پھرين نمبر تي چين اچي ويو.آمريڪا جي معيشت اڌ کان وڌيڪ ٻاھران درآمد ڪيل تيل تي ھلي ٿي جنھن ڪري تيل جي قيمتن ۾ واڌ معيشت کي گھڻو متاثر ڪري ٿي.
پرچيزنگ پاور پئرٽي يا قوت خريد جي ڀيٽ ۾ آمريڪا جي جي ڊي پي 2017 ۾ 19.36 ٽرلين 
جو ايس ڊالر ھئي.آفيشل ايڪسچينج ريٽ يا مٽاسٽا واري شرح مطابق بہ 19.36 ٽرلين يو.ايس.ڊالر ھئي. 2017 ۾ ملڪ جي مجموعي قومي بچت (Gross national saving) 17.5 سيڪڙو ھئي. ھن ملڪ جي زرعي پيداوار ۾  ڪڻڪ، مڪئي، ٻيا اناج، ميوا، وڏو گوشت، سوئر جو گوشت، سبزيون، ڪپھ، پولٽري، کير جون شيون، مڇي  شامل آهن. آمريڪا جي صنعت پيداوار جي لحاظ کان دنيا جي ٻيون نمبر وڏي صنعت آھي. صنعتي پيداوار ۾ پيٽروليم واريون شيون، گاڏيون، ايئرواسپيس، ٽيلي ڪميونيڪيشن، ڪيميڪل ,  اليڪٽرانڪس، فوڊ پروسيسنگ، صارفن واريون شيون (consumer goods), عمارتي ڪاٺ وارو سامان، کاڻين واري صنعت شامل آهن . آمريڪا ۾ ڪم ڪندڙن يا مزدوري جي سگھ (Labour power) 2017 ۾ 160400000 مزدورن تي مشتمل ھئي ان سگھ م ان سال ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ چوٿين نمبر تي ھيو. ان تعداد ۾ پيشي جي لحاظ کان 0.7 سيڪڙو فارمنگ، فشنگ ۽ فاريسٽري م،  20.3 سيڪڙو مينيوفيڪچرنگ، ٽرانسپورٽ، وغيره ۾ ، 37.3 سيڪڙو مينيجمينٽ، پيشورانہ ۽ فني شعبن ۾، 24.2 سيڪڙو  وڪري ۽ آفيس ورڪ ۾،17.6 سيڪڙو ٻين خدمتن ۾  ان سگھ ۾  بي روزگار  شامل ناھن. 2015 ۾ ملڪ جي 15.1 سيڪڙو آبادي غربت جي لڪير کان ھيٺ زندگي گذاريندڙ ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
=== بجيٽ ===
ھن ملڪ جي 2017 واري بجيٽ ۾ ملڪ جي آمدني 3.336 ٽرلين ڊالر،  خرچ 3.991 ٽرلين ڊالر ھيو. ملڪ جي 17.2 سيڪڙو آمدني ٽيڪس ۽ ٻين محصولن مان حاصل ٿي جيڪڏهنان ۾ سوشل سڪيورٽي وغيره کي بہ شامل ڪجي تہ پوءِ  ٽيڪس ۽ محصولن جي آمدني 22 سيڪڙو ھئي.2017 ۾ بجيٽ جو خسارو 3.4 سيڪڙو ھيو.ملڪ جو 2017 ۾ ڪرنٽ اڪائونٽ بيلنس 462 بلين ڊالر ھيو . ملڪ جون برآمدات 1.576 ٽرلين ڊالر ۽ درامدات 2.352 ٽرلين ڊالر ھيون . پرڏيهي مٽاسٽا لاء ذخيرو ۽ سون 117.3 بلين ڊالر ھيو.   &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== توانائي ==
[[فائل:UnitedStatesPowerGrid.jpg|thumb|آمريڪا جون بجلي جي ٽرانسميشن جون گرڊ اسٽيشنون جن جون {{convert|300000|km|mi|abbr=on}} 500 ڪمپنيون ھلائڻ ٿيون ۽نارٿ آمريڪن اليڪٽرڪ رلائبلٽي ڪارپوريشن انھن سڀني جي نگراني ڪندڙ آھي]]
ھن ملڪ جي 100 سيڪڙو آبادي بجلي سان مستفيد آھي.2015 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي بجلي جي پيداوار 4.088 کرب ڪلو واٽ ھئي.ان ڀيٽ سان ھي دنيا جو بجلي پيدا ڪندڙ ٻيون نمبر وڏو ملڪ ھيو. ساڳي سال بجلي جي کپت ھن ملڪ ۾ 3.911 کرب ڪلو واٽ ھئي. 2016 ۾ ھن ملڪ 9.695 ارب ڪلو واٽ بجلي برآمد ڪئي ۽ 80.66 ارب ڪلو واٽ بجلي درآمد ڪئي. ھن ملڪ جي بجلي جي پيداوار 2015 ۾ 70.6 سيڪڙو تيل تي ،9.2 سيڪڙو نيوڪليئر، 7.4 سيڪڙو ھائڊرل يا پاڻي واري توانائيءَ تي ۽ 10.7 سيڪڙو ٻي توانائي تي ٿيندي آهي.2016 ۾ ملڪ ۾ ڪچي تيل جي روزاني پيداوار 8.853 
ملين بيرل جي ھئي.ڪچي تيل جي برآمد ساڳي سال روزانو 590900 بيرل ھئي ۽ درآمد روزانو 7.85 ملين بيرل ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== مواصلات ==
ملڪ ۾ ٽيلیفون جا لڳل ڪنيڪشن 121.53 ملين آھن. جولاء، 2016ع جي صورتحال مطابق ملڪ 100 سيڪڙو آبادي انھن جو استعمال ڪندڙ آھي ۽ ان لحاظ کان ٻين ملڪن جي ڀيٽ ۾ ھي ملڪ ٽڪ ٽئين نمبر تي آهي. جولاء، 2016ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ موبائل فون جا 395.881 ملین ڪنيڪشن ھيا۽ ملڪ جي 100 سيڪڙو آبادي انھن کان مستفيد ھئي ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ ھي دنيا جو چوٿون نمبر وڏو ملڪ هيو. ملڪ جو فون جو مواصلاتي نظام جديد ترين ٽيڪنالاجيءَ وارو آھي جنھن ۾ [[فائبر آپٽڪ ڪيبل]]، [[مائڪرو ويو ريڊيو رلي]](microwave radio relay)، [[ڪوايڪسل ڪيبل]](coaxial cable) ۽ [[ڊوميسٽڪ سيٽلائيٽ سسٽم]] شامل آھن. ھن ملڪ جو [[انٽرنيشنل ڪنٽري ڪوڊ]] نمبر 1 آھي. ملڪ جو [[انٽرنيٽ ڪنٽري ڪوڊ]] .us آھي. جولاء،2016ع ۾ انٽرنيٽ جي استعمال ڪندڙن جو تعداد24,68,09,221 ھيو جيڪو ڪل آبادي جو 76.2 سيڪڙو ھيو ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ جي دنيا جو چوٿون وڏو ملڪ هيو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ٽرانسپورٽ ==
[[فائل:Map of current Interstates.svg|thumb|کاٻو|بين الرياستي روڊن جو ڄار  جنھن جي ڊيگھ جملي {{convert|46876|mi|km}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Interstate FAQ (Question #3) |publisher=Federal Highway Administration |year=2006 |url=http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/interstate/faq.htm#question3 |accessdate=March 4, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[فائل:North America Passenger Trains.png|thumb|کاٻو|&lt;center&gt;ريلوي نظام {{nowrap|
[[ShareMap:special/North America Passenger Trains|اندروني ملڪئ جو ريلوي نظام جو نقشو
]] &lt;/center&gt;]]

سال 2016ع ۾ سرڪاري ھوائي ٽرانسپورٽ ۾ ھن ملڪ جي رجسٽرڊ جھازن جو تعداد 92 آھي. غير سرڪاري ٽرانسپورٽ جو رجسٽرڊ تعداد 6817 آهي. ساليانو 798.23 ملين ماڻھو جھازن ۾ سفر ڪن ٿا. سال2013ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ ھوائي اڏن جو تعداد 13,513 ھيو ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ پھرين نمبر تي آهي. ملڪ ۾  پيوڊ رن وي(paved runway)  وارا ايئر پورٽ 5,054 آھن. ان پيوڊ رن وي (unpaved runway) وارا ھوئي اڏا 8459 آھن. سال 2013ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ ھيلي ڪاپٽرن جا اڏا يا ھيلي پورٽ (Heliports) جو تعداد 5,287 آھي. ملڪ ۾ 2013ع ۾ قدرتي گيس جي پائيپن جي ڪل ڊيگھ 19,84,321 ڪلوميٽر ۽ پيٽرول جي پائيپ لائين جي ڊيگھ 2,40,711 ڪلوميٽر ھئي. ريلوي لائين جي ڊيگھ ساڳي سال 2,93,564.2 ڪلوميٽر ھئي.

ملڪ ۾ روڊن جي ڊيگھ 65,86,610 ڪلوميٽر جنھن ۾ پيوڊ روڊن (paved road) جي ڊيگھ 43,04,715 ڪلوميٽر، ايڪسپريس وي ۾ 76,334 ڪلوميٽر ۽ ان پيوڊ  روڊن (unpaved roads) جا 2,81,895 ڪلوميٽر شامل آهن. روڊن جي ڊيگھ ۾ ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ پھريون نمبر آھي. ملڪ جي واپاري بحري جهازن، ٻيڙن ۽ ٽينڪرن جو تعداد 3,611 آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ملڪ جو دفاع ==
ملڪ ۾ دفاع جو خرچ 2012 ۾ جي.ڊي.پي.جو 4.24 سيڪڙو ھيو جيڪو 2016 ۾ گھٽجي 3.29 تي پھتو. 2016 ٻين ملڪن جي ڀيٽ ۾ آمريڪا دفاع جي خرچ ۾ 25 نمبر تي ھيو. ملڪ ۾ فوج  يو ايس آرمي، يو ايس نيوي، يو ايس ايئر فورس۽ يو ايس ڪوسٽ گارڊ تي مشتمل آهي. ڪوسٽ گارڊ امن واري حالت ۾ ھوم لينڊ سڪيورٽي جي ماتحت ڪم ڪندا آهن ۽ جنگ جي حالت ۾ نيوي جي شعبي ۾ رپورٽ ڪندا آهن. فوج ۾ ڀرتي جي عمر 18 سال آهي پر جي والدين مرضي ڏيکارين تہ سترھن سال ۾ ڀرتي ٿي سگھي ٿي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==صحت== 
==تعليم==
آمريڪي پرائمري ۽ ثانوي تعليم (جنهن کي آمريڪا ۾ K-12 جي نالي سان سڃاتو وڃي ٿو، &quot;ڪندر گارٽن کان 12 هين گريڊ&quot;) غير مرڪزي آهي. اهو رياست، علائقائي، ۽ ڪڏهن ڪڏهن ميونسپل حڪومتن طرفان هلايو ويندو آهي ۽ يو ايس ڊپارٽمينٽ آف ايجوڪيشن پاران منظم ڪيو ويندو آهي. عام طور تي، ٻارن کي پنجن يا ڇهن سالن جي عمر (ڪنڊرگارٽن يا فرسٽ گريڊ) کان وٺي اسڪول يا منظور ٿيل هوم اسڪول ۾ وڃڻ جي ضرورت آهي جيستائين اهي 18 سالن جي عمر ۾ نه ٿين. اهو اڪثر ڪري شاگردن کي 12 هين گريڊ ذريعي آڻيندو آهي، يو ايس هاءِ اسڪول جو آخري سال، پر ڪجهه رياستون ۽ علائقا انهن کي، 16 يا 17 سالن جي عمر ۾ اسڪول ڇڏڻ جي اجازت ڏين ٿا. آمريڪا دنيا جي ڪنهن به ملڪ جي ڀيٽ ۾ في شاگرد تعليم تي وڌيڪ خرچ ڪري ٿو 12,794 يو ايس ڊالر في سال في پبلڪ ايليمينٽري ۽ سيڪنڊري اسڪول جو شاگرد (سال 2016-2017ع ۾). آمريڪن جي عمر 25 ۽ ان کان وڌيڪ، 84.6 سيڪڙو هاء اسڪول مان گريجوئيشن ڪئي، 52.6 سيڪڙو ڪجهه ڪاليج ۾ شرڪت ڪئي، 27.2 سيڪڙو بيچلر جي ڊگري حاصل ڪئي ۽ 9.6 سيڪڙو گريجوئيٽ ڊگري حاصل ڪئي. يو ايس خواندگي جي شرح ويجھي آفاقي آھي. ڪنهن به ملڪ ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ نوبل انعام ماڻيندڙ ملڪ آهن، جن ۾ 411 (413 انعام کٽي چڪا آهن). 

يو ايس ٽيٽيري يا اعليٰ تعليم عالمي شهرت حاصل ڪئي آهي. دنيا جون ڪيتريون ئي اعليٰ يونيورسٽيون، جيئن مختلف درجابندي جي تنظيمن طرفان درج ٿيل آهن، آمريڪا ۾ آهن، جن ۾ مٿين 25 مان 19 شامل آهن. آمريڪي اعليٰ تعليم رياستي يونيورسٽين جي نظام تي حاوي آهي، جيتوڻيڪ ملڪ جون ڪيتريون ئي خانگي يونيورسٽيون ۽ ڪاليج م سڀ آمريڪي شاگرد تقريبن 20 سيڪڙو داخلا وٺن ٿا. مقامي ڪميونٽي ڪاليج عام طور تي پيش ڪن ٿا ڪورس ورڪ ۽ ڊگري پروگرام جيڪي ڪاليج جي مطالعي جي پهرين ٻن سالن کي ڍڪيندا آهن. اهي اڪثر ڪري وڌيڪ کليل داخلا پاليسين، ننڍا تعليمي پروگرام، ۽ گهٽ ٽيوشن آهن. جيئن ته اعليٰ تعليم تي سرڪاري خرچن لاءِ، يو ايس او اي سي ڊي جي اوسط کان في شاگرد وڌيڪ خرچ ڪري ٿو ۽ آمريڪي گڏيل سرڪاري ۽ نجي خرچن ۾ سڀني قومن کان وڌيڪ خرچ ڪن ٿا. ڪاليج ۽ يونيورسٽيون جيڪي سڌي طرح وفاقي حڪومت طرفان فنڊ ڪيل آهن ٽيوشن چارج نه ڪندا آهن ۽ فوجي اهلڪارن ۽ سرڪاري ملازمن تائين محدود آهن، جن ۾ شامل آهن: يو ايس سروس اڪيڊميز، نيوي پوسٽ گريجوئيٽ اسڪول ۽ فوجي اسٽاف ڪاليج. شاگردن جي قرض جي معافي جي پروگرامن جي باوجود، شاگردن جي قرضن جو قرض گذريل ڏهاڪي ۾ 102٪ وڌي ويو آهي ۽ سال 2022ع تائين 1.7 ٽريلين ڊالرن کان وڌي ويو آهي. 

==ثقافت ۽ سماج==
آمريڪي مشهور ثقافت دنيا جي ڪيترن ئي هنڌن تي وڃي ٿو.&lt;ref&gt;
{{Cite magazine|last1=Fergie|first1=Dexter|last2=Pinkham|first2=Sophie|last3=Pinkham|first3=Sophie|last4=Kindley|first4=Evan|last5=Kindley|first5=Evan|last6=Kirsch|first6=Adam|last7=Kirsch|first7=Adam|last8=Dickey|first8=Colin|last9=Dickey|first9=Colin|date=2022-03-24|title=How American Culture Ate the World|magazine=The New Republic|url=https://newrepublic.com/article/165836/american-culture-ate-world-righteous-smokescreen-globalization-review|access-date=2023-04-01|issn=0028-6583}}&lt;/ref&gt;
اهو اڪثر هنڌن تي، خاص طور تي مغربي دنيا تي وڏو اثر آهي. آمريڪي ميوزڪ هر جڳهه آهي، ۽ آمريڪي فلمون ۽ ٽيليويزن شوز اڪثر ملڪن ۾ ڏسي سگهجن ٿا.

=== وفاقی موڪلون ===
تاريخ.     نالو.           وضاحت. 
جنوري 1. نئين سال جو ڏينهن. سال جي شروعات کي جشن ملهائي ٿو. 

2. 3rd سومر جنوري ۾. مارٽن لوٿر ڪنگ، جونيئر ڊي. اعزاز ڊاڪٽر مارٽن لوٿر ڪنگ، جونيئر، هڪ آفريڪي-آمريڪي شهري حقن جو اڳواڻ. 

3. فيبروري ۾ 3rd سومر. صدر جو ڏينهن. سڀني آمريڪي صدرن کي عزت ڏئي ٿو، پر خاص طور تي جارج واشنگٽن (پيدائش فيبروري 22، 1722) ۽ ابراهيم لنڪن (پيدائش فيبروري 12، 1812). 

4. مئي ۾ آخري سومر. يادگار ڏينهن. عزت وارا ماڻهو جيڪي فوج ۾ خدمت ڪندي مري ويا ۽ اونهاري جي روايتي شروعات کي نشانو بڻايو. 

5. جون 19. جون ٽيون. 1865 ۾ سڀني غلامن جي آزاديء کي تسليم ڪيو. 

6. 4 جولاءِ آزاديءَ جو ڏهاڙو. جشن آزاديءَ جو اعلان، ”جولاءِ جي چوٿين“ جي نالي سان پڻ مشهور آهي. 

7. سيپٽمبر ۾ 1st سومر. مزدورن جو ڏينهن. ڪارڪنن جي ڪاميابين کي جشن ڪري ٿو ۽ اونهاري جي روايتي پڄاڻي کي نشانو بڻائيندو آهي. 

8. آڪٽوبر ۾ 2nd سومر. ڪولمبس جو ڏينهن يا انديشي ماڻهن جو ڏينهن. ڪولمبس جو ڏهاڙو ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس جو اعزاز ڏئي ٿو، جنهن يورپ لاءِ آمريڪا دريافت ڪيو ۽ انديشي ماڻهن جو ڏينهن آمريڪا جي مقامي ماڻهن کي اعزاز ڏئي ٿو؛ رياستون هڪ يا نه ملهائي سگهن ٿيون. 

10. نومبر 11. ويٽرنس ڊي. سڀني ماڻهن کي عزت ڏئي ٿو جيڪي فوج ۾ خدمت ڪئي (ماضي ۽ موجوده). 

11. 4th خميس نومبر ۾. شڪر. موسم خزاں جي فصل کي جشن ملهائي ٿو ۽ &quot;ڇڏيل موسم&quot; جي روايتي شروعات کي نشانو بڻائيندو آهي. 

12. ڊسمبر 25. ڪرسمس. يسوع مسيح جي پيدائش کي جشن ملهائي ٿو (غير عيسائي ان کي سياري جي موڪل جي طور تي جشن ڪندا آهن).

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!width=150| Date&lt;ref name=&quot;cornell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/6103 |title=5 U.S. Code § 6103 – Holidays |publisher=[[Cornell University Law School]] - Legal Information Institute |website=www.law.cornell.edu |access-date=2014-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709203348/https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/6103 |archive-date=July 9, 2017 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! Name
! Description
|-
| January 1
| [[New Year's Day]]
| Celebrates the beginning of the year
|-
| 3rd Monday in January
| [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]] Day
| Honors Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., an [[African-American]] [[civil rights]] leader
|-
| 3rd Monday in February
| [[President's Day]]
| Honors all of the American presidents, but specifically [[George Washington]] (born February 22, 1722) and [[Abraham Lincoln]] (born February 12, 1812)
|-
| Last Monday in May
| [[Memorial Day]]
| Honors people who died while serving in the military and marks the traditional start of [[summer]]
|-
| June 19
| [[Juneteenth]]
| Recognizes the freeing of all [[Slavery in the United States|slaves]] in 1865
|-
| July 4
| [[US Independence Day|Independence Day]]
| Celebrates the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]], also known as &quot;The Fourth of July&quot;
|-
| 1st Monday in September
| [[Labor Day]]
| Celebrates the achievements of workers and marks the traditional end of summer
|-
| 2nd Monday in October
| [[Columbus Day]] or [[Indigenous Peoples' Day]]
| Columbus Day honors [[Christopher Columbus]], who discovered [[the Americas]] for [[Europe]] and Indigenous Peoples' Day honors the native people of the US; states may celebrate one or neither
|-
| November 11
| [[Veterans Day]]
| Honors all people who served in the [[military]] (past and present)
|-
| 4th Thursday in November
| [[Thanksgiving]]
| Celebrates the [[autumn]] [[harvest]] and marks the [[tradition]]al beginning of the &quot;holiday season&quot;
|-
| December 25
| [[Christmas]]
| Celebrates the [[birth]] of [[Jesus Christ]] (non-[[Christian]]s celebrate it as a [[winter]] holiday)
|}

===پرچم===
:
[[File:Flag of the United States.svg|thumb|The US flag]]

آمريڪي پرچم. 

آمريڪي پرچم نيري پس منظر تي 50 تارن تي مشتمل آهي ۽ 13 پٽيون آهن، ست ڳاڙهي ۽ ڇهه اڇیون. اهو گڏيل قومن جي ڪيترن ئي علامتن مان هڪ آهي جهڙوڪ بالڊ ايگل. 50 تارا 50 رياستن جي نمائندگي ڪن ٿا. ڳاڙھو جرئت لاء بيٺل آھي، نيرو انصاف لاء بيٺل آھي، ۽ اڇو امن ۽ صفائي جي نمائندگي ڪري ٿو. 13 پٽي 13 اصلي نوآبادين جي نمائندگي ڪن ٿا. 
===کاڌا===
هيمبرگر آمريڪا جي مشهور خوراڪ مان هڪ آهي. آمريڪا ۾ فاسٽ فوڊ ڪيترن ئي علائقائي کاڌن جو گهر آهي جهڙوڪ ڏکڻ آمريڪا جو کاڌو، جنهن کي ڏاکڻي کاڌي جي نالي سان پڻ سڃاتو وڃي ٿو. هتي چيني، يوناني، جاپاني، اطالوي ۽ ميڪسيڪو کاڌي جا آمريڪي نسخا آهن. اصلي آمريڪن کاڌ خوراڪ اصل آمريڪين جو کاڌو آھي. دنيا جي ڪيترن ئي ملڪن ۾ آمريڪي وينجن جو تمام گهڻو اثر آهي. آمريڪي کاڌي ۾ اصلي آمريڪي، برطانوي، فرينچ، جرمن ۽ اسپيني اثرات آهن. روح کاڌو روايتي ڏکڻ آفريڪا آمريڪي کاڌو آهي. 
===موسيقي=== 
آمريڪا ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ مشهور صنفون راڪ اينڊ رول، پاپ، ڪنتری، آر اينڊ بي ۽ هپ هاپ آهن. اصلي آمريڪي موسيقي آمريڪا جي مقامي موسيقي آهي. 


The [[American flag]] is made up of 50 stars on a blue background and has 13 stripes, seven red and six white. It is one of many symbols of the United States like the [[Bald Eagle]]. The 50 stars represent the 50 states. The red stands for [[courage]], the blue stands for [[justice]], and the white represents [[peace]] and [[cleanliness]]. The 13 stripes represent the [[Thirteen Colonies|13 original colonies.]]&lt;ref&gt;USA Flag Meaning. 2009 Retrieved from [https://web.archive.org/web/20071206041914/http://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/usa-flag/usa-flag-meaning.html http://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/usa-flag/usa-flag-meaning.html] on 16th of September 2010&lt;/ref&gt;

Cuisine
:
A [[hamburger]] is one of the popular foods of the United States. [[Fast food]] in the United States is home to many regional cuisines such as the [[Cuisine of the Southern United States]], also known as Southern food. There are Americanized versions of Chinese, Greek, Japanese, Italian and Mexican cuisine. Native American cuisine is the cuisine of the indigenous [[Native Americans]]. A lot of American dishes are influenced by many countries around the world. American cuisine has Native American, British, French, German, and Spanish influences.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=The Founders of American Cuisine: Seven Cookbook Authors, with Historical Recipes| isbn=9780786458691 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=XiKhBAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=american+cuisine+is+influenced+by+german+spanish&amp;pg=PA8| last1=Haff | first1=Harry | date=8 February 2011 | publisher=McFarland }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Soul food]] is traditional southern African American food.

Music
:
The most popular genres in the United States are [[rock and roll]], [[pop music|pop]], [[country music|country]], [[R&amp;B]], and [[hip hop]]. [[Native American#Music|Native American music]] is the indigenous music of the United States.

===رانديون===
[[File:Wilson opening day 1916.jpg|thumb|In American baseball games, sometimes the president throws the first ball.]]

آمريڪي بيس بال جي راندين ۾، ڪڏهن ڪڏهن صدر پهريون بال اڇلائي ٿو. 

اصلي آمريڪن يورپين جي اچڻ کان اڳ لاڪروس کيڏيو. بيس بال آمريڪا لاءِ ملڪي راند آهي، ۽ آمريڪي فٽبال سڀ کان مشهور راند آهي. باسڪيٽ بال آمريڪا ۾ پڻ تمام گهڻو مشهور آهي، جنهن کي آمريڪا جي پنهنجي ليگ آهي جنهن کي NBA سڏيو ويندو آهي. 
===وڊيو گيمز===
آمريڪا جي وڊيو گيم انڊسٽري ڪنهن به ملڪ جي وڏي ۾ وڏي آهي. اهو چين کان پوءِ وڊيو گيمز لاءِ ٻيو نمبر وڏو بازار آهي. دنيا جا ڪيترائي وڏا ويڊيو گيم ڊولپر آمريڪا ۾ ٻڌل آهن، جهڙوڪ Take-To Interactive، Electronic Arts، Activision Blizzard، ۽ Xbox Game Studios. 
===ماپ===
آمريڪا واحد ترقي يافته ملڪ آهي جيڪو سرڪاري طور تي ميٽرڪ سسٽم استعمال نٿو ڪري. ان جي بدران، گڏيل قومن جي رواجي يونٽ سرڪاري ماپ جو نظام آهي، جيتوڻيڪ ڪي خاص شعبا جهڙوڪ سائنس ميٽرڪ سسٽم استعمال ڪن ٿا. ماضي ۾ پڻ ميٽرڪ جي ڪوشش ڪئي وئي، خاص طور تي 1970s ۾، پر انهن کي هٽايو ويو آهي.

[[Native Americans]] played [[lacrosse]] before [[Europeans]] arrived.&lt;ref&gt;Liss, Howard. Lacrosse (Funk &amp; Wagnalls, 1970) pg 13.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Baseball]] is the country sport for the United States, and [[American football]] is the most popular sport. Basketball is also very popular in the USA, which the USA has its own league called the [[National Basketball Association|NBA]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Grossman|first=Nadelle|date=2014-01-01|title=What is the NBA?|url=https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/facpub/665|journal=25 Marquette Sports Law Review 101 (2014)|access-date=2022-11-24|archive-date=2022-11-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221124042653/https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/facpub/665/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Video games
:
The [[video game industry]] of the United States is one of the largest of any country. It is the second largest market for video games after China.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Asian countries make up 40% of the world's top 10 video gaming markets|url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/08/which-countries-have-the-largest-video-gaming-markets/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=World Economic Forum|language=en|archive-date=2022-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212045635/https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/08/which-countries-have-the-largest-video-gaming-markets/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Many of the world's largest video game developers are based in the USA, like [[Take-Two Interactive]], [[Electronic Arts]], [[Activision Blizzard]], and [[Xbox Game Studios]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Gray|first=Jasmine|date=2022-08-25|title=The 10 Largest Video Game Companies In The World, And What They Do|url=https://history-computer.com/largest-video-game-companies-in-the-world-and-what-they-do/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=History-Computer|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230115121540/https://history-computer.com/largest-video-game-companies-in-the-world-and-what-they-do/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Measurement:
The United States is the only developed country that doesn't officially use the [[metric system]]. Instead, the [[United States customary units]] are the official measurement system used, though certain fields like [[science]] use the metric system. There were also attempts at [[metrication]] in the past, most notably in the 1970s, but they have been struck down.

==پڻ ڏسو== 
==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
{{Sisterlinks|گڏيل رياستن}}
*
; Government
* [http://www.usa.gov/ Official U.S. Government Web Portal] Gateway to governmental sites
* [http://www.whitehouse.gov/ White House] Official site of the President of the United States
* [https://www.senate.gov/ Senate] Official site of the United States Senate
* [http://www.house.gov/ House] Official site of the United States House of Representatives
* [{{SCOTUS URL}} Supreme Court] Official site of the Supreme Court of the United States
*[https://web.archive.org/web/19990220002603/https://www.loc.gov/index.html Library of Congress] Official site of the [[Library of Congress]]

; Overviews and data
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20000829075233/http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/factover/ Portrait of the United States] Overview from the U.S. Information Agency
*[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html United States]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225135647/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html%20 |date=2018-12-25 }}. CIA ''World Factbook'' entry.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060828224303/http://www.britannica.com/nations/United-States United States] ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' entry
*[https://web.archive.org/web/19970101150136/https://www.census.gov/hhes/www/ U.S. Census Housing and Economic Statistics] Wide-ranging data from the U.S. Census Bureau
*[http://www.ers.usda.gov/statefacts/ State Fact Sheets] Population, employment, income, and farm data from the U.S. Economic Research Service
*[http://www.teacheroz.com/states.htm The 50 States of the U.S.A.] Collected informational links for each state

; History
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080314143240/http://www.nationalcenter.org/HistoricalDocuments.html Historical documents] Collected by the National Center for Public Policy Research
* [http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm U.S. National Mottos: History and Constitutionality]. {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20061212193931/http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm |date=2006-12-12 }}. Analysis by the Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance.
* [http://www.historicalstatistics.org/index2.html USA] Collected links to historical data

; Maps
* {{Wikiatlas|the United States}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20091021182322/http://www.nationalatlas.gov/ National Atlas of the United States] Official maps from the U.S. Department of the Interior

;Other
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061102175016/http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services] Official government site

{{United States topics}}
{{United States}}
{{North America}}
{{G8}}
{{Group of 7}}
{{North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO)}}

{{Authority control}}

[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستون]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل قومن جا ڀاتي ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:انگريزي ڳالهائيندڙ ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:جي-7 جا ڀاٽي ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:جي-20 جا ڀاٽي ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:نيٽو جا ميمبر ملڪ]]
[[زمرہ:نیٹو کے رکن ممالک]]
[[زمرہ:وفاقی آئینی جمہوریتیں]]


[[Category:English-speaking countries]]
[[Category:G8 nations]]
[[Category:G7 nations]]
[[Category:Federations]]
[[Category:1776 establishments in North America]]
[[Category:Spanish-speaking countries]]

==حوالا==
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      <text bytes="66680" sha1="r959pknoc5ygnc9xc82dnlq86i545bc" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس آف آمريڪا
| common_name = يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس
| image_flag = Animated-Flag-USA.gif
| image_coat = Great Seal of the United States (obverse).svg
| symbol_type = وڏي مھر
| national_motto = &lt;div style=&quot;padding-bottom:0.5em;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;&quot;پنھنجو ڀروسو خدا تي آ&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{USC|36|302}} ''National motto''&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[#God|Dept. of Treasury, 2011]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{{collapsible list
 |title = ''{{nobold|Other traditional mottos &amp;nbsp;}} ''
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:1.15em;
 |liststyle = text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[E pluribus unum]]&quot;|italics=off}} {{small|(de facto)}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot; ڪيترن مان ھڪ&quot;}}
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[Annuit cœptis]]&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot; ھن (خدا) ئي اسان جي مدد ڪئي آ&quot;}}
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[Novus ordo seclorum]]&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot;ھر دور جي نئين ابتدا &quot;}}
}}
| national_anthem = &quot;چمڪندڙ تارن وارو بينر&quot;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;{{center|[[فائل:Star Spangled Banner instrumental.ogg]]}}
----
{{center|'''March:''' &quot;[[The Stars and Stripes Forever]]&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;national march&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=U.S. Code: Title 36, 304|work=United States Code|location=United States|publisher=Cornell Law School|url=http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode36/usc_sec_36_00000304----000-.html|date=August 12, 1998|accessdate=February 15, 2015|quote=The composition by John Philip Sousa entitled 'The Stars and Stripes Forever' is the national march.}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}&lt;br/&gt;{{center|[[فائل:The Stars and Stripes Forever - U.S. Navy Band.ogg]]}}
| image_map = USA orthographic.svg &lt;!-- consensus map, see talk page --&gt;
| map_caption = يونائٽيڊ اسٽيٽس جنھن ۾ الاسڪا ۽ ھوائي بہ شامل ڏيکاريل آهن
| alt_map = اتر آمريڪا جي کنڊ ۾ يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس سائي رنگ ۾ نمايان
| image_map2 = US insular areas SVG.svg|700px
| alt_map2 = [[يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس ۽ ان جا علائقا|علائقا]]
| map_caption2 = گڏيل آمريڪي رياستون ۽ انھن جا علائقا
| map_width = 220px
| capital = [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]]
| latd = 38
| latm = 53
| latNS = N
| longd = 77
| longm = 01
| longEW = W
| largest_city = [[نيويارڪ سٽي]]&lt;br/&gt;
{{small|{{coord|40|43|N|74|00|W|display=inline}}}}
| official_languages = وفاقي سطح تي ڪابہ سرڪاري ٻولي ناھي
| languages_type = قومي ٻولي
| languages = [[انگريزي ٻولي]]{{ref label|engfactobox|b|}}&lt;!---NOTE: Just English, don't add &quot;American English&quot;---&gt;
| official_religion = ڪوبہ نہ
| demonym = [[آمريڪن]] يا [[آمريڪي]]
| ethnic_groups = *  72.41%: گورا
*12.61% : ڪارا
*9.11%: گھڻ نسلي  
*4.75%: ايشيائي
*1.12% : ريڊ انڊين
| government_type = [[وفاقي]] [[صدارتي]] [[آئيني ريپبلڪ]]
| leader_title1 = [[صدر]]
| leader_name1 = [[ڊونالڊ ٽرمپ]]
| leader_title2 = نائب صدر
| leader_name2 = مائيڪ پينس
| leader_title3 = اسپيڪر آف ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
| leader_name3 = پائل ريئن
| leader_title4 = چيف جسٽس
| leader_name4 = جان رابرٽس
| legislature = ڪانگريس
| upper_house = سينيٽ
| lower_house = ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
| sovereignty_type = &lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
برطانيا کان آزادي &lt;/div&gt;
| established_event1 = آمريڪا جي آزادي جو پڌرنامو
| established_date1 = 4 جولاءِ، 1776ع
| established_event2 = ڪنفيڊريشن جو قيام
| established_date2 = پھرين مارچ، 1781ع
| established_event3 = پيرس معاھدو (1783)
| established_date3 = 3 سيپٽمبر، 1783ع
| established_event4 = آمريڪا جو آئين
| established_date4 = 21 جون، 1788ع
| established_event5 = اتر مرينا ٻيٽ
| established_date5 = 24 مارچ، 1976ع
| area_rank = 3rd/4th
| area_magnitude = 1 E+12
| area_km2 = 98,57,306
| area_sq_mi = 38,05,927
| percent_water = 7.1
| area_label = جملي پکيڙ
| area_label2 = خشڪي جي پکيڙ
| area_data2 = 91,58,022 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;br/&gt;35,35,932 چورس ميل
| area_footnote = 
| population_census_year = 2010ع
| population_census_rank = ٽيون
| population_census = 309,349,689&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.census.gov/popest/data/intercensal/national/tables/US-EST00INT-01.xls PDF].U.S. census department data.&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate = 322,369,319&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popclock/|title=U.S. and World Population Clock|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=December 21, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2016ع
| population_estimate_rank = ٽيون
| population_density_km2 = 35 &lt;!--figures use (population/land area) as of May 2015--&gt;
| population_density_sq_mi = 90.6 &lt;!--figures use (population/land area) as of May 2015--&gt;
| population_density_rank = 180هون
| GDP_PPP_year = 2014ع
| GDP_PPP = 17.419 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_rank = بيون
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = 54,629 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 10هون
| GDP_nominal = 17.419 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2015/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=33&amp;pr.y=7&amp;sy=2014&amp;ey=2015&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=111&amp;s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC&amp;grp=0&amp;a=|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|publisher=IMF}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_nominal_rank = پهريون
| GDP_nominal_year = 2014ع
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = 54,629 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = پنجهون
| Gini_year = 2013ع
| Gini_change = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini = 40.8  &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_ref = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=OECD Income Distribution Database: Gini, poverty, income, Methods and Concepts|url=http://www.oecd.org/els/soc/income-distribution-database.htm|website=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Global inequality: How the U.S. compares|url=http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2013/12/19/global-inequality-how-the-u-s-compares/|website=Pew Research}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Income Distribution and Poverty : by country – INEQUALITY|url=http://stats.oecd.org/index.aspx?queryid=46189|website=OECD}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_year = 2014&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change = increase&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI = 0.915 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr_2015_statistical_annex.pdf |title=2015 Human Development Report  |date=2015 |accessdate=December 14, 2015 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank = 8th
| EF_year = 2007
| EF = {{decrease}} 8.0 gha&lt;ref name=&quot;EF&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.footprintnetwork.org/images/uploads/Ecological_Footprint_Atlas_2010.pdf |title=Ecological Footprint Atlas 2010 |publisher=Global Footprint Network |accessdate=July 11, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| EF_rank = 6th
| currency = آمريڪي ڊالر ($)
| currency_code = USD
| country_code = USA
| utc_offset = −4 to −12, +10, +11
| utc_offset_DST = −4 to −10{{ref label|UTCbox|d|}}
| calling_code = [[North American Numbering Plan|+1]]
| iso3166code = US
| date_format = MM/DD/YYYY
| drives_on = ساڄو پاسو
{{ref label|driving|e|}}
| cctld = {{nowrap|[[.us]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.gov]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.mil]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.edu]]}}
| footnote_a = 
| footnote_b = 
}}
[[فائل:United States (orthographic projection).svg|کاٻو|thumb|300px]]
'''آمريڪا جون گڏيل رياستون''' {{ٻيا نالا|انگريزي= ''' United States of America'''}} جنهن کي '''يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس'''، '''يو ايس''' يا '''آمريڪا''' به چيو ويندو آهي، 50 رياستن تي مشتمل هڪ جمهوري ملڪ آهي.  هي ملڪ اتر آمريڪا کنڊ ۾ واقع آهي. هتان جي گادي جو هنڌ [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]] ۽ سڀ کان وڏو شهر [[نيويارڪ]] آهي. 50 مان 48 رياستون هڪ ئي هنڌ [[ڪئناڊا]] جي ڏکڻ ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو]] جي اتر ۾ واقع آهن، جڏهن ته هڪ رياست [[الاسڪا]] باقي ملڪ کان پري [[ڪئناڊا]] جي اولھه ۾ ۽ ٻي رياست [[هوائي]] باقي ملڪ جي اولھ ۾ [[پيسفڪ سمنڊ|پئسفڪ سمنڊ]] ۾ آهي. آمريڪا جي اتر-اولهه واري رياست [[واشنگٽن رياست]] آهي. آمريڪا جي ڪل آبادي 34 ڪروڙ آهي ۽ هي آبادي جي لحاظ کان دنيا جو  ٽيون وڏو ملڪ آهي. هي ملڪ سال 1776ع ۾ قائم ٿيو. ناڻي ۽ فوجي طاقت جي لحاظ کان دنيا ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ طاقتور آهي.[[فائل:Bald Eagle Portrait.jpg|thumb|upright| بالڊ ايگل جيڪو 1782 کان وٺي آمريڪا جو قومي پکي آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;McDougall2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=Len McDougall |title=The Encyclopedia of Tracks and Scats: A Comprehensive Guide to the Trackable Animals of the United States and Canada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9XOc2_u7z6cC&amp;pg=PA325 |year=2004 |publisher=Lyons Press |isbn=978-1-59228-070-4 |page=325}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

پيلو-انڊين 12,000 سال اڳ کان وڌيڪ بيرنگ زميني پل جي پار لڏي ويا. برطانوي نوآباديات 1607 ۾ ورجينيا ۾ تيرهن ڪالونين جي پهرين آبادي جو سبب بڻيو. ٽيڪس ۽ سياسي نمائندگي تي برطانوي تاج سان ٽڪراءَ آمريڪي انقلاب کي جنم ڏنو، ٻي ڪانٽينينٽل ڪانگريس 4 جولاءِ 1776ع تي آزاديءَ جو باضابطه اعلان ڪيو. انقلابي جنگ (1775-1783)، ملڪ اتر آمريڪا ۾ وڌندو رهيو. جيئن وڌيڪ رياستون داخل ڪيون ويون، غلاميءَ تي سيڪشنل ڊويزن آمريڪا جي ڪنفيڊرٽ رياستن جي علحدگيءَ جو سبب بڻيون، جن 1861-1865 آمريڪي گهرو ويڙهه دوران يونين جي باقي رياستن سان وڙهيو. يونين جي فتح ۽ تحفظ سان، غلامي کي قومي طور تي ختم ڪيو ويو. 1890ع  تائين، آمريڪا پاڻ کي هڪ عظيم طاقت طور قائم ڪيو. ڊسمبر 1941ع ۾ پرل هاربر تي جاپان جي حملي کان پوءِ، آمريڪا ٻي عالمي جنگ ۾ داخل ٿيو. جنگ جي نتيجي ۾ آمريڪا ۽ سوويت يونين کي دنيا جي ٻن سپر پاورن جي طور تي ڇڏي ويو ۽ سرد جنگ جو سبب بڻيو، جنهن دوران ٻنهي ملڪن نظرياتي تسلط ۽ بين الاقوامي اثر رسوخ لاءِ جدوجهد ۾ مصروف ٿي ويا. سوويت يونين جي ٽٽڻ ۽ 1991ع ۾ سرد جنگ جي خاتمي کانپوءِ، آمريڪا دنيا جي واحد سپر پاور طور اڀري آيو. يو ايس جي قومي حڪومت هڪ صدارتي آئيني جمهوريه آهي ۽ لبرل جمهوريت ٽن الڳ شاخن سان: قانون ساز، انتظامي، ۽ عدالتي. هن ۾ هڪ ٻه رڪني قومي قانون سازي آهي جيڪا هائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽوز تي مشتمل آهي، آبادي جي بنياد تي هيٺيون ايوان؛ ۽ سينيٽ، هر رياست جي برابر نمائندگي تي ٻڌل هڪ اپر ايوان. رياستن ۽ ڪيترن ئي علائقن کي انتهائي خودمختياري ڏني وئي آهي، هڪ سياسي ڪلچر سان جيڪو زور ڏئي ٿو آزادي، برابري قانون تحت، انفراديت، ۽ محدود حڪومت. دنيا جي سڀ کان وڌيڪ ترقي يافته ملڪن مان هڪ، آمريڪا 1890ع کان وٺي سڀ کان وڏي نامياتي GDP رکي ٿو ۽ 2023ع ۾ عالمي معيشت جو 15 سيڪڙو حصو رکي ٿو. او اي سي ڊي ملڪن جي وچ ۾ في ماڻهون جي سڀ کان وڌيڪ ڊسپوزيبل گهريلو آمدني. آمريڪا انساني حقن، اقتصادي مقابلي، پيداوار، جدت ۽ اعليٰ تعليم ۾ دنيا جي اعليٰ ترين ملڪن ۾ شمار ٿئي ٿو. ان جي سخت طاقت ۽ ثقافتي اثر عالمي پهچ آهي. يو ايس ورلڊ بئنڪ، آرگنائيزيشن آف آمريڪن اسٽيٽس، نيٽو ۽ گڏيل قومن جو باني ميمبر آهي، گڏوگڏ گڏيل قومن جي سلامتي ڪائونسل جو مستقل ميمبر آهي.

== تاريخ ==
1000ع ۾ [[ليف ايرڪسن]] نالي هڪ مهم جُو يورپي جهازي [[اتر آمريڪا]] جي سامونڊي حدن ۾ اچي داخل ٿيو. 12 آڪٽوبر 1492ع ۾ [[ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس]] (Christopher Columbus) ائٽلانٽڪ وڏي سمنڊ ۾ طوفان جي وڪڙ ۾ اچي آمريڪي ڪناري تي پهتو ۽ [[سين سلويڊور]] San Slavador ٻيٽ تي لنگر انداز ٿيو.
[[ڪيليفورنيا]] جنهن کي گولڊن اسٽيٽ به سڏيو ويندو آهي، تنهنجي [[ايل ڊوراڊو]] El Dorado علائقي ۾ سڀني کان پهرين پهچندڙ اسپيني ماڻهن هتي سون جي ڳولا ۾ پهتا. 
1607ع ۾ [[ورجينا]] رياست جي [[جيمس ٽائون]]James Town شهر ۾ انگريزن جي پهرين ڪالوني قائم ٿي ۽ انگريز سڀ کان پهرين هن شهر ۾ اچي آباد ٿيا.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=ٽوئر ٽو آمريڪا (عبدالحئي پليجو) {{!}} سنڌ سلامت ڪتاب گهر&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt; |url=http://books.sindhsalamat.com/book.php?book_id=327#16407 |accessdate=2016-09-27 |archive-date=2017-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912103147/http://books.sindhsalamat.com/book.php?book_id=327#16407 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;ڪتاب: ٽوئر ٽو آمريڪا&lt;/ref&gt;

[[فائل:Declaration independence.jpg|thumb|ڊڪليئريشن آف انڊپنڏنس ( خودمختياري جو اعلان) جو جان ٽرمبول پاران ٺاھيل پينٽنگ]]

برطانيا جون آمريڪي ڪالونيون 1776 ۾ برطانيا کان الڳ ٿي ويون ۽ انھن کي 1783 ۾ پيرس واري معاھدي ذريعي يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس آف آمريڪا جي نالي سان ھڪ نئين قوم جي سڃاڻپ ملي. گڏيل رياستن ۾ پھرين 13 رياستون ھيون ۽ 19 کان 20 صدي دوران ٻيون 37 رياستون بہ ان ۾ شامل ٿي ويون.آمريڪا جي تاريخ ۾ ھڪ ڏکيو دور گهرو ويڙهه وارو ھيو جيڪا 1861 کان 1865 تائين ھلي 

[[فائل:Thure de Thulstrup - L. Prang and Co. - Battle of Gettysburg - Restoration by Adam Cuerden (cropped).jpg|thumb|گهرو ويڙهه دوران [[گيٽس برگ واري لڙائي]] (Battle of Gettysburg) جي  مصور  [[ٿيوئر ڊي ٿلسٽرپ]] پاران ٺاھيل پينٽنگ]] 

جنھن ۾ اتر وارين رياستن جي يونين ۽ ڏکڻ وارين رياستن جي [[ڪنفيڊريشن]] جي وچ ۾ جنگ ھلي جيڪا اتر وارين رياستن کٽي ھئي. آمريڪا جي تاريخ جو ٻيو ڏکيو دور 1930 واري ڏھاڪي جو معاشي بحران آھي جنھن ۾ آمريڪا جي مزدورن جو چوٿون حصو نوڪريون ختم ٿي وڃڻ جي ڪري بي روزگار ٿي ويو.

[[فائل:Crowd outside nyse.jpg|thumb|1929 کان پوءِ ٿيندڙ معاشي گھوٽالي جي ڪري ماڻھو وال اسٽريٽ ۾ گڏ ٿيندي]]
پھرين ۽ ٻين جنگ عظيم جي فتح ۽ 1991 ۾ سرد جنگ جي خاتمي آمريڪا کي ھڪ سپر پاور بڻائي ڇڏيو.آمريڪي معيشت ۽ [[ٽيڪنالاجي]]۾ بي حد اضافو ٿيو آھي. ھن وقت آمريڪا دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي معيشت آھي. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
4 -اپريل- 1789ع تي -آمريڪا- جو -آئين- نافذ ٿيو. 30 -اپريل- 1789ع تي -[[جارج واشنگٽن]]- -آمريڪا- جو پهريون صدر ٿيو. 1861ع کان 1865ع تائين -آمريڪا- گھرو -جنگ- ۾ مبتلا رهيو، ڇو ته ڏاکڻين رياستن جي ڪارن غلامن -آزادي- پئي گهري. آمريڪي صدر ابراهام لنڪن غلاميءَ جو خاتمو آندو. 30 مارچ 1867ع تي روس [[الاسڪا]] جي رياست 7 ملين ڊالرن عيوض -آمريڪا- کي وڪڻي ڇڏي. 17 ڊسمبر 1903ع تي -آمريڪا- جي [[رائيٽ برادران]] ([[ولبرٽ رائيٽ]] ۽ [[آرويل رائيٽ]]) هڪ ننڍي هوائي جهاز ۾، جيڪو مشين سان هلندو هو، -[[اتر ڪيرولينا]] جي [[ڪٽيهاڪ]] ميدانن -تان- پهرئين -اڏام- ڪئي، ٻئي ڀائر جهاز ۾ موجود هئا.  
1906ع ۾ آمريڪي صدر [[روز ويلٽ]] کي پهريون ڀيرو امن جو نوبل -انعام- مليو. 06 -اپريل- 1917ع تي -آمريڪا- پهرين عالمي -جنگ- ۾ شامل ٿيو. 13 -اپريل- 1935ع تي دنيا جي پهرئين ايئر سروس جي شروعات ڪيائين. -ٻي عالمي جنگ- ۾ [[جاپان]] جي هٿيار ڦٽا نه ڪرڻ سبب -آمريڪا- 6 -آگسٽ- 1945ع تي [[هيروشيما]] ۽ 9 -آگسٽ- 1945ع تي [[ناگاساڪي]] تي ايٽم -بم- ڪيرايا، جنهن سان بي انداز -جاني- نقصان ٿيو ۽ -آمريڪا- دنيا تي هڪ هٽي قائم ڪري ورتي. 5 مئي 1961ع تي ايلن بي شيپرڊ پهرئين آمريڪي خلاباز جي حيثيت سان خلا ۾ -اڏام- ڪئي. 22 نومبر 1963ع تي صدر جان ايف ڪينيڊيءَ کي قتل ڪيو ويو. 1968ع ۾ ڪارن جي حقن لاءِ آواز اٿاريندڙ اڳواڻ [[مارٽن لوٿرڪنگ]] کي قتل ڪيو ويو. 20 -جولاءِ- 1969ع تي آمريڪي خلائي جهاز اپولو II وسيلي خلاباز [[نيل آرمسٽرانگ|نيل آمسٽرانگ]]، [[ايڊون ايلڊرن]] ۽ [[مائيڪل ڪولينز]] چنڊ تي لٿا، جنهن کي سڄي دنيا جي عوام ٽي ويءَ تي سڌو سنئون ڏٺو. 26 فيبروري 1991ع تي -آمريڪا- [[ڪويت]] کي [[عراق]] جي قبضي مان ڇڏايو. 07 نومبر 2000ع جي صدارتي چونڊن ۾ جارج واڪر بش صدر چونڊجي آيو. 11 سيپٽمبر 2001ع تي ٻه مسافرن سان ڀريل جهاز [[ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر]] ۽ آمريڪي وزارت دفاع جي آفيس [[پينٽاگون]] سان ٽڪرائجي ويا ۽ ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر جا ٻئي ٽاور پٽ اچي پيا. -

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 | alt2 =
}}

آمريڪا- -ان- دهشت گرديءَ جو ذميوار [[اسامه بن لادن]] کي قرار ڏنو، جيڪو -[[افغانستان]]- ۾ [[طالبان]] جو مهمان هو. انهيءَ الزام هيٺ -افغانستان- تي حملو ڪري طالبان جي حڪومت جو خاتمو آندو ويو. اها لڙائي اڃا به -جاري- آهي، 2003ع جي سياري ۾ -آمريڪا- عراق تي حملو ڪري [[صدام حسين]] کي گرفتار ڪري، کيس عدالت ذريعي ڦاهي ڏياري. عراق ۾ هينئر به نيٽو فورسز ويڙهاڪن کي منهن ڏيئي رهي آهي. -آمريڪا- 51 رياستن جو وفاق آهي، -جتي- صدارتي طرز جي حڪومت قائم آهي. صدر رياست جو مملڪتي اڳواڻ سربراهه (هيڊ آف اسٽيٽ)، حڪومت جو اڳواڻ، سڀني آئيني ۽ انتظامي اختيارن جو مالڪ ۽ هٿياربند فوجن جو سپريم ڪمانڊر آهي. صدر عوام جي ووٽن سان چئن سالن لاءِ چونڊبو آهي. ڪابينا ۽ رياستي گورنرن جي چونڊ صدر پاڻ ڪندو آهي. هن وقت آمريڪا جو صدر  [[ڊونلڊ ٽرمپ|ڊونالڊ ٽرمپ]] آهي آمريڪا  جو اڳوڻو صدر [[بارڪ اوباما|بارڪ حسين اوباما]] ھو    جيڪو -تاريخ- جو پهريون سربراهه ھيو، جنهن جو تعلق ڪاري نسل سان ھيو. هن کي 2009ع جو امن جو نوبل -انعام- به مليو . -آمريڪا- جي آزاديءَ جو ڏهاڙو 04 -جولاءِ- 1776ع آهي، ۽ کيس گڏيل قومن جي اداري (UNO) جي ميمبرشپ 24 -آڪٽوبر- 1945ع کان حاصل آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[http://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=آمريڪا آمريڪا : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;

[[فائل:Liberty-statue-from-below.jpg|thumb|کاٻو|نيويارڪ سٽي ۾[[اسٽيچو آف لبرٽي]] جيڪو 1886 ۾ آمريڪا  جيڪو آمريڪا جي نشان طور سڃاتو وڃي ٿو پر ان سان آمريڪي جمھوريت، آزادي ۽ موقعي جي بہ سڃاڻپ طور مشھور آھي  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| title = Statue of Liberty| work=World Heritage| publisher=UNESCO| url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307| accessdate = October 20, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

== جاگرافي ==
[[فائل:USA-satellite.jpg|thumb|آمريڪا جي گڏيل رياستن جي سيٽلائيٽ ذريعي نڪتل تصوير جنھن ۾ ان جي پسگردائي پڻ ڏيکاريل آهي]]
[[فائل:US 50 states Köppen.svg|thumb|کاٻو| ڪوپن واري آبهوا جي درجہ بندي]]
ھي ملڪ اتر کان ڏکڻ ۾ [[ڪيناڊا]] ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو]] ۽ اوڀر کان اولھ [[ائٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] ۽ [[پيسفڪ سمنڊ]] جي وچ ۾ واقع آهي. ھن ملڪ جو جاگرافيائي محل وقوع 38 00 N, 97 00 W آھي.ملڪ جي ايراضي  9,833,517 چورس ڪلوميٽر جن مان
9,147,593 چورس ڪلوميٽر خشڪي 685,924 چورس ڪلوميٽر پاڻي آھي. ھن ملڪ ۾ 50 رياستون ۽ ھڪ وفاقي ٽيريٽري جنھن جو نالو [[ڊسٽرڪٽ آف ڪولمبيا]] آهي جنھن ۾ وفاقي گاديءَ جو هنڌ [[واشنگٽن]] واقع آهي. ھي دنيا جو پکيڙ ۾ چوٿون وڏو ملڪ آهي.ھن جي زمين واري سرحد جملي 12,048 ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان ڪيناڊا سان  اتر واري پاسي  8,893 ڪ.م. ۽ الاسڪا واري پاسي کان ڪيناڊا سان 2,477 ڪ.م. اٿس باقي ميڪسيڪو سان  زميني سرحد 3,155 ڪ.م. آهي.ھن ملڪ جي [[گوانٽانامو بي]] ۾ فوجي اڏي واري زمين ڪيوبا جو حصو آهي ۽ اھا ڪيوبا کان ليز تي ورتل آھي ان جي زميني سرحد 28.5 ڪ.م. آهي. ھن ملڪ جي ساحلي سرحد 19,924 ڪ. م. آھي ۽ ان جي سرحدي حد سمنڊ طرف 12 ناٽيڪل ميل آھي. ملڪ جو ساحلي معاشي زون سمنڊ طرف 200 ناٽيڪل ميل
آھي.آمريڪا جي سمند جي سطح کان سراسري بلندي 720 ميٽر آھي. ان جو سڀ کان اونھو مقام [[موت جي وادي]] (Death Valley)آھي جيڪا سمند جي سطح کان 86 ميٽر اونھي آھي. سڀ کان اوچو مقام [[مائونٽ ميڪ ڪنلي]](McKinley) ۾ [[ڊينالي]](Denali) آهي جيڪو 6,190 ميٽر اوچو آهي.قدرتي وسيلن ۾ ھتي [[ڪوئلو]] ،[[ٽامو]]، [[شيھو]]، [[موليبيڊنيم]]، [[فاسفيٽ]]، [[يورينيم]]، [[باڪسائيٽ]]، [[سون]]، [[لوھ]]، [[پارو]]، [[نڪل]]، [[پوٽاش]]، [[چاندي]] , [[ٽنگسٽن]]، [[جست]]، [[پيٽرول]] [[عمارتي ڪاٺ]] جي دولت سان ڀريل آهي. دنيا م ڪوئلي جا سڀ کان گھڻا ذخيرا ھن ملڪ  اھن جيڪي  491 ارب ٽن آھن جيڪي سڄي دنيا جي ڪوئلي جو 27 سيڪڙو آھن.
ھن ملڪ جي  44.5 سيڪڙو زمين زرخيز آهي جنھن جو  16.8 سيڪڙو زمين تي پوک ٿيندي آهي جنھن مان 3 سيڪڙو تي مستقل پوک ٿيندي آهي، 27.4 سيڪڙو زمين تي چراگاھون آھن ۽ 33.3 سيڪڙو تي ٻيلا آھن.2012 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبپاشي واري زمين  264,000 چورس ڪلوميٽر  ھئي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
هن ملڪ جي گڏيل رياستن جو سرڪاري نالو “United States of America” آهي.”-آمريڪا-“ نالو، هڪ اٽالين جهازي امريگو وسپوسي جي نالي تي رکيو ويو، جيڪو 1497ع ۾ هتي آيو هو. -آمريڪا- جي -اتر- ۾ ڪيناڊا، -اوڀر- ۾ ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ، ڏکڻ ۾ ميڪسيڪو ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو نار]] ۽ اولهه ۾ پيسفِڪ سمنڊ آهن. گڏيل رياستن تي ٻڌل -آمريڪا-، ڪيناڊا ۽ ميڪسيڪو جي وچ ۾ آهي. هن جي هڪ رياست هوائي ٻيٽ سان فرانسسڪو کان 3870 ڪلوميٽر (2400 ميل) ڏکڻ اولهه طرف آهي. اڀرندي ۽ الهندي وارن علائقن ۾ ڊگھا جابلو سلسلا آهن. -آمريڪا- جي ڪل پکيڙ 9،160،454 چورس ڪلوميٽر (3،535،935 چورس ميل) ۽ آبادي 28 ڪروڙ آهي، گاديءَ جو هنڌ واشنگٽن (Washington) ۽ سڀ کان مٿانهون هنڌ مائونٽ ميڪنلي (6194 ميٽر) آهي. هن ملڪ جي سرڪاري -ٻولي- -انگريزي- ۽ ڪرنسي يو -ايس- ڊالر آهي، جيڪا دنيا جي وڌيڪ هلندڙ ۽ اهم ڪرنسي آهي. -آمريڪا- جي موسم، مختلف علائقن جي آبهوا جي حوالي سان مختلف آهي. گھڻي قدر موسم -ٿڌي- ۽ خوشگوار رهندي آهي. -آمريڪا- جي زرعي پيداوار ۾ ڪپهه، ڪڻڪ، جؤ، مڪئي، پٽاٽا، سويابين، داليون، ميوا ۽ ڀاڄيون آهن. مکيه صنعتن ۾ جهاز سازي، هٿيار، ميزائيل وغيره، پيٽروليم جون شيون، ڀاڻ، لوهه، موٽر گاڏيون، سيمنٽ، ڪپڙو، اليڪٽرانڪ -اوزار-، ڪيميائي شيون، دوائون، ڪمپيوٽر، پلاسٽڪ شامل آهن ۽ مکيه معدنيات ۾ -تيل-، ڪوئلو، -ٽامو-، موليڊنيم، فاسفيٽ، يورينيم، باڪسائٽ، سون، لوهه، پارو، نقل، پوٽاش ۽ -ٽنگسٽن شامل آهن.&lt;ref&gt;[http://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=آمريڪا آمريڪا : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;

== آبادي ۽ ڊيموگرافي ==

جولائي 2017 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبادي  326,625,791 ھئي جنھن مطابق ھي ملڪ دنيا جو ٽيون نمبر وڏو ملڪ آهي.جستان جي ماڻهن کي آمريڪي يا امريڪن سڏيو ويندو آهي.ھتسم جا 72.4 سيڪڙو ماڻهو گورا، 12.6 سيڪڙو ڪارا، 4.8 سيڪڙو ايشيائي، 0.9 سيڪڙو ريڊ انڊين ۽ الاسڪا جا اصلي رھاڪو،0.2 سيڪڙو ھوائين ۽ٻياپئسفڪ ٻيٽن جا رھاڪو، ۽ باقي 6.2 سيڪڙو ٻيا.

[[فائل:Most common ancestries in the United States.svg|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن ۾ غالب نسل&lt;br&gt;{{Legend0|#0075ff|[[جرمن آمريڪي|جرمن]]}} {{Legend0|#ff0000|''[[آمريڪن نسل وارو ماڻھو|آمريڪي نسل]]''}} {{Legend0|#ff7500| [[ميڪسيڪن آمريڪي|ميڪسيڪن]]}} {{Legend0|#007500|[[آئرش آمريڪي|آئرش]]}} {{Legend0|#00ffff|[[آفريڪن آمريڪي|آفريڪي]]}} {{Legend0|#7500ff|[[اطالوي آمريڪي|اطالوي]]}} {{Legend0|#750075|[[انگريزي نسل وارا آمريڪي|انگريز]]}} {{Legend0|#ffff00|[[جپاني آمريڪي|جپاني]]}} {{Legend0|#d93190|[[پورٽوريڪي]]}}]]

انگريزي ڳالهائيندڙن جو تعداد ھن ملڪ ۾ 79 سيڪڙو آھي، اسپيني 13 سيڪڙو، انڊو يورپين ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 3.7 سيڪڙو ، ايشيا ۽ پيسفڪ جون ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 3.4 سيڪڙو، باقي ٻيون ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 1 سيڪڙو.
آمريڪا جي وفاق جي ڪابہ سرڪاري ٻولي ناھي پر انگريزي 50 مان 32 رياستن جي سرڪاري ٻولي بڻجي وئي آھي. ھوائين بہ ھوائي رياست جي سرڪاري ٻولي آھي.
ھتان جي 46.5 سيڪڙو آبادي پروٽيسٽنٽ آھي، رومن ڪيٿولڪ ھتي 20.8 سيڪڙو ،يھودي 1.9 سيڪڙو، مورمن (Mormon)1.6  سيڪڙو، ٻيا عيسائي 0.9 سيڪڙو، 0.9 سيڪڙو  مسلمان، 0.8 سيڪڙو يھوا جا شاھد، 0.7سيڪڙو  ٻڌ، 0.7 سيڪڙو ھندو، ۽ 1.8 سيڪڙو ٻيا مذھب
۽ 22.8 سيڪڙو لامذھب آھن
2017 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبادي جي واڌ جي شرح 0.81 سيڪڙو ھئي. 2018 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي شھري آبادي ملڪ جي آبادي جو 82.3 سيڪڙو ھئي.واشينگٽن جي آبادي 2015 ۾ 4.955 ملين ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}{{مئل ڳنڍڻو|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

{{US Census population
|1610= 350
|1620= 2302
|1630= 4646
|1640= 26634
|1650= 50368
|1660= 75058
|1670= 111935
|1680= 151507
|1690= 210372
|1700= 250888
|1710= 331711
|1720= 466185
|1730= 629445
|1740= 905563
|1750= 1170760
|1760= 1593625
|1770= 2148076
|1780= 2780369
|1790= 3929214
|1800= 5308483
|1810= 7239881
|1820= 9638453
|1830= 12866020
|1840= 17069453
|1850= 23191876
|1860= 31443321
|1870= 38558371
|1880= 50189209
|1890= 62979766
|1900= 76212168
|1910= 92228496
|1920= 106021537
|1930= 123202624
|1940= 132164569
|1950= 151325798
|1960= 179323175
|1970= 203211926
|1980= 226545805
|1990= 248709873
|2000= 281421906
|2010= 308745538
|align=right
|estyear=2017&lt;ref name=&quot;census1&quot;/&gt;
|estimate=325719178
|footnote=1610–1780 population data.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=CT1970p2-13: Colonial and Pre-Federal Statistics |url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/statcomp/documents/CT1970p2-13.pdf |website=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=August 20, 2015 |page=1168 |date=2004}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;Note that the census numbers do&lt;br/&gt;not include [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] until 1860.&lt;ref name=&quot;Census1860&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |title=Historical Census Statistics On Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For Large Cities And Other Urban Places In The United States  |website=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=May 28, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

== سياسي انتظام ۽ حڪومت ==

=== آمريڪا جو نالو ===
[[فائل:Amerigo Vespucci - Project Gutenberg etext 19997.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|کاٻو|امیریگو وسپوچی جی خیالی تصویر]]

آمريڪا جو نالو اٽلي جي کوجنا ڪندڙ جھازران ۽ ڪارٽوگرافر (نقشن ٺاھڻ جو ماھر) اميريگو وسپوچي (Amerigo Vespucci) (جنم: 1454؛ وفات:1512) جي نالي مان نڪتل آهي. جيڪو لاطيني اچار ۾ آمريڪس سڏبو هو جنھن مان وري بدلجي آمريڪا ٿي ويو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== وفاق ۽ رياستون ===
حڪومت جو قسم آئيني وفاقي ريپبلڪ آهي جنھن جو گاديءَ جو هنڌ واشنگٽن ڊي.سي. آهي جنھن جو محل وقوع 38 53 N, 77 02 W آھي.ملڪ جي وفاق ۾ 50 رياستون آھن جيڪي ڇھن ثائيم زونن ۾ اچن ٿيون.ام کان علاوه ھڪ ضلعو ڊسٽرڪٽ آف ڪولمبيا آھي جيڪو انھن رياستن کان علاوه آھي جنھن ۾ واشنگٽن شھر واقع آهي.رياستن جا نالا ھيٺ ڏجن ٿا:
#[[الاباما]] (Alabama)
#[[الاسڪا]] (Alaska)
#[[ايرزونا]] (Arizona)
#[[ارڪنسا]] (Arkansas)
#[[ڪيليفورنيا]] (California)
#[[ڪولراڊو]] (Colorado)
#[[ڪونيڪٽيڪٽ]] (Connecticut)
#[[ڊيلويئر]] (Delaware)
#[[فلوريڊا]] (Florida)
#[[جارجيا (آمريڪي رياست)|جارجيا]] (Georgia)
#[[ھوائي]] (Hawaii)
#[[آئيڊاھو]] (Idaho)
#[[الينوائي]] (Illinois)
#[[انڊيانا]] (Indiana)
#[[آيووا]] (Iowa)
#[[ڪنساس]] (Kansas)
#[[ڪنٽاڪي]] (Kentucky)
#[[لوئزيانا]] (Louisiana)
#[[مئن]] (Maine)
#[[ميري لينڊ]] (Maryland)
#[[مئسچوسٽس]] (Massachusetts)
#[[مشي گن]] (Michigan)
#[[منيسوٽا]] (Minnesota)
#[[مسيسيپي]] (Mississippi)
#[[مسوري]] (Missouri)
#[[مونٽانا]] (Montana)
#[[نبراسڪا]] (Nebraska)
#[[نويڊا]] (Nevada)
#[[نيو ھئمپشائر]] (New Hampshire)
#[[نيو جرسي]] (New Jersey)
#[[نيو ميڪسيڪو]] (New Mexico) 
#[[نيو يارڪ]] (New York)
#[[نارٿ ڪيرولينا]] (North Carolina)
#[[نارٿ ڊڪوٽا]] (North Dakota)
#[[اوھيو]] (Ohio)
#[[اوڪلاھاما]] (Oklahoma)
#[[اوريگون|اوريگان]] (Oregon)
#[[پينسلوانيا]](Pennsylvania)
#[[رھوڊ آئلينڊ]] ( Rhode Island )
#[[سائوٿ ڪيرولينا]] (South Carolina)
#[[سائوٿ ڊڪوٽا]] (South Dakota)
#[[ٽينيسي|ٽنيسي]] (Tennessee)
#[[ٽيڪساس]] (Texas)
#[[يوٽا]] (Utah)
#[[ورمونٽ]] (Vermont)
#[[ورجينيا]] (Virginia)
#[[واشنگٽن]] (Washington)
#[[ويسٽ ورجينيا]] (West Virginia)
#[[وسڪونسن|وسڪانسن]] (Wisconsin)
#[[ويومنگ]] (Wyoming)

{{multiple image
 | align             = کاٻو
 | direction         = vertical
 | caption_align     = center
 | image1            = Capitol Building Full View.jpg
 | caption1          = گاديءَ جو هنڌ &lt;br/&gt; جتي ڪانگريس واقع آهي&lt;br/&gt; کاٻي پاسي سينيٽ ۽ساڄي پاسي ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
 | image2            = WhiteHouseSouthFacade.JPG
 | caption2          = وائيٽ ھائوس: آمريڪا جي صدر جو گھر ۽ آفيس
 | image3            = USSupremeCourtWestFacade.JPG
 | caption3          = سپريم ڪورٽ بلڊنگ
}}

[[فائل:US states by date of statehood3 frame.png|alt=آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين]]

[[فائل:US states by date of statehood3.gif|alt=آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين]]

=== آمريڪي اختيار وارا علائقا ===
[[فائل:US.EEZ Pacific centered NOAA map.png|thumb|کاٻو| آمريڪا جو معاشي زون وارو نقشو جنھن ۾ سامونڊي حد ۽ قبضي وارا علائقا ڏيکاريل آهن.]]
ھيٺين علائقن ۾ آمريڪي حڪومت جو اختيار آهي.
*[[امريڪن ساموا]] (American Samoa)
*[[بيڪر آئلينڊ]] (Baker Island)
*[[گئام]] (Guam)
*[[ھائو لينڊ آئلينڊ]] (Howland Island)
*[[جاروس آئلينڊ]] (Jarvis Island)
*[[جانسٽن ايٽول]] (Johnston Atoll)
*[[ناواسا آئلينڊ]] (Navassa Island)
*[[نادرن مرينا آئلينڊس|اتر ماريانا آئلينڊز]] (Northern Mariana Islands)
*[[پيلمائرا ايٽول]] (Palmyra Atoll)
*[[پورٽو ريڪو]] (Puerto Rico)
*[[ورجن آئلينڊس|ورجن آئلينڊز]] (Virgin Islands)
*[[ويڪ آئلينڊ]] (Wake Island)

=== خودمختياري ===

ھن ملڪ 4 جولائي 1776 برطانيا بڻ کان خودمختياري حاصل ڪئي ان ڪري اھو ڏينھن آمريڪا ۾ قومي ڏينھن ۽ موڪل جو ڏينهن آھي  .3 سيپٽمبر 1783 ۾ برطانيا ان جي خودمختياري کي تسليم ڪيو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== قانوني سسٽم ===
آمريڪا جي وفاق ۾ سڀني رياستن ۾ سواءِ ھڪ جي ڪامن لا سسٽم آھي. رڳو ھڪ رياست لئوزيانا ۾ نيپولينڪ سول ڪوڊ لاڳو  آھي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== معيشت ==
ھن ملڪ جي معيشت دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي ۽  طاقتور معيشت آھي جنھن جي في ڪس جي ڊي پي 59500 يو.ايس.ڊالر آھي. ھن ملڪ جون ڪمپنيون ڪمپيوٽر, دوائن، ايئرواسپيس ۽ فوجي سازوسامان  جي ٽيڪنالاجي ۾ دنيا اندر ھراول آهن.  فوجي ٽيڪنالاجي جي دنيا اندر اھميت گھٽجڻ ڪري پرچيزنگ پاور پئرٽي مطابق 2014 ۾ ھن جي معيشت 2014 ۾ ٻئي نمبر تي اچي وئي جو پھرين نمبر تي چين اچي ويو.آمريڪا جي معيشت اڌ کان وڌيڪ ٻاھران درآمد ڪيل تيل تي ھلي ٿي جنھن ڪري تيل جي قيمتن ۾ واڌ معيشت کي گھڻو متاثر ڪري ٿي.
پرچيزنگ پاور پئرٽي يا قوت خريد جي ڀيٽ ۾ آمريڪا جي جي ڊي پي 2017 ۾ 19.36 ٽرلين 
جو ايس ڊالر ھئي.آفيشل ايڪسچينج ريٽ يا مٽاسٽا واري شرح مطابق بہ 19.36 ٽرلين يو.ايس.ڊالر ھئي. 2017 ۾ ملڪ جي مجموعي قومي بچت (Gross national saving) 17.5 سيڪڙو ھئي. ھن ملڪ جي زرعي پيداوار ۾  ڪڻڪ، مڪئي، ٻيا اناج، ميوا، وڏو گوشت، سوئر جو گوشت، سبزيون، ڪپھ، پولٽري، کير جون شيون، مڇي  شامل آهن. آمريڪا جي صنعت پيداوار جي لحاظ کان دنيا جي ٻيون نمبر وڏي صنعت آھي. صنعتي پيداوار ۾ پيٽروليم واريون شيون، گاڏيون، ايئرواسپيس، ٽيلي ڪميونيڪيشن، ڪيميڪل ,  اليڪٽرانڪس، فوڊ پروسيسنگ، صارفن واريون شيون (consumer goods), عمارتي ڪاٺ وارو سامان، کاڻين واري صنعت شامل آهن . آمريڪا ۾ ڪم ڪندڙن يا مزدوري جي سگھ (Labour power) 2017 ۾ 160400000 مزدورن تي مشتمل ھئي ان سگھ م ان سال ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ چوٿين نمبر تي ھيو. ان تعداد ۾ پيشي جي لحاظ کان 0.7 سيڪڙو فارمنگ، فشنگ ۽ فاريسٽري م،  20.3 سيڪڙو مينيوفيڪچرنگ، ٽرانسپورٽ، وغيره ۾ ، 37.3 سيڪڙو مينيجمينٽ، پيشورانہ ۽ فني شعبن ۾، 24.2 سيڪڙو  وڪري ۽ آفيس ورڪ ۾،17.6 سيڪڙو ٻين خدمتن ۾  ان سگھ ۾  بي روزگار  شامل ناھن. 2015 ۾ ملڪ جي 15.1 سيڪڙو آبادي غربت جي لڪير کان ھيٺ زندگي گذاريندڙ ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
=== بجيٽ ===
ھن ملڪ جي 2017 واري بجيٽ ۾ ملڪ جي آمدني 3.336 ٽرلين ڊالر،  خرچ 3.991 ٽرلين ڊالر ھيو. ملڪ جي 17.2 سيڪڙو آمدني ٽيڪس ۽ ٻين محصولن مان حاصل ٿي جيڪڏهنان ۾ سوشل سڪيورٽي وغيره کي بہ شامل ڪجي تہ پوءِ  ٽيڪس ۽ محصولن جي آمدني 22 سيڪڙو ھئي.2017 ۾ بجيٽ جو خسارو 3.4 سيڪڙو ھيو.ملڪ جو 2017 ۾ ڪرنٽ اڪائونٽ بيلنس 462 بلين ڊالر ھيو . ملڪ جون برآمدات 1.576 ٽرلين ڊالر ۽ درامدات 2.352 ٽرلين ڊالر ھيون . پرڏيهي مٽاسٽا لاء ذخيرو ۽ سون 117.3 بلين ڊالر ھيو.   &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== توانائي ==
[[فائل:UnitedStatesPowerGrid.jpg|thumb|آمريڪا جون بجلي جي ٽرانسميشن جون گرڊ اسٽيشنون جن جون {{convert|300000|km|mi|abbr=on}} 500 ڪمپنيون ھلائڻ ٿيون ۽نارٿ آمريڪن اليڪٽرڪ رلائبلٽي ڪارپوريشن انھن سڀني جي نگراني ڪندڙ آھي]]
ھن ملڪ جي 100 سيڪڙو آبادي بجلي سان مستفيد آھي.2015 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي بجلي جي پيداوار 4.088 کرب ڪلو واٽ ھئي.ان ڀيٽ سان ھي دنيا جو بجلي پيدا ڪندڙ ٻيون نمبر وڏو ملڪ ھيو. ساڳي سال بجلي جي کپت ھن ملڪ ۾ 3.911 کرب ڪلو واٽ ھئي. 2016 ۾ ھن ملڪ 9.695 ارب ڪلو واٽ بجلي برآمد ڪئي ۽ 80.66 ارب ڪلو واٽ بجلي درآمد ڪئي. ھن ملڪ جي بجلي جي پيداوار 2015 ۾ 70.6 سيڪڙو تيل تي ،9.2 سيڪڙو نيوڪليئر، 7.4 سيڪڙو ھائڊرل يا پاڻي واري توانائيءَ تي ۽ 10.7 سيڪڙو ٻي توانائي تي ٿيندي آهي.2016 ۾ ملڪ ۾ ڪچي تيل جي روزاني پيداوار 8.853 
ملين بيرل جي ھئي.ڪچي تيل جي برآمد ساڳي سال روزانو 590900 بيرل ھئي ۽ درآمد روزانو 7.85 ملين بيرل ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== مواصلات ==
ملڪ ۾ ٽيلیفون جا لڳل ڪنيڪشن 121.53 ملين آھن. جولاء، 2016ع جي صورتحال مطابق ملڪ 100 سيڪڙو آبادي انھن جو استعمال ڪندڙ آھي ۽ ان لحاظ کان ٻين ملڪن جي ڀيٽ ۾ ھي ملڪ ٽڪ ٽئين نمبر تي آهي. جولاء، 2016ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ موبائل فون جا 395.881 ملین ڪنيڪشن ھيا۽ ملڪ جي 100 سيڪڙو آبادي انھن کان مستفيد ھئي ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ ھي دنيا جو چوٿون نمبر وڏو ملڪ هيو. ملڪ جو فون جو مواصلاتي نظام جديد ترين ٽيڪنالاجيءَ وارو آھي جنھن ۾ [[فائبر آپٽڪ ڪيبل]]، [[مائڪرو ويو ريڊيو رلي]](microwave radio relay)، [[ڪوايڪسل ڪيبل]](coaxial cable) ۽ [[ڊوميسٽڪ سيٽلائيٽ سسٽم]] شامل آھن. ھن ملڪ جو [[انٽرنيشنل ڪنٽري ڪوڊ]] نمبر 1 آھي. ملڪ جو [[انٽرنيٽ ڪنٽري ڪوڊ]] .us آھي. جولاء،2016ع ۾ انٽرنيٽ جي استعمال ڪندڙن جو تعداد24,68,09,221 ھيو جيڪو ڪل آبادي جو 76.2 سيڪڙو ھيو ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ جي دنيا جو چوٿون وڏو ملڪ هيو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ٽرانسپورٽ ==
[[فائل:Map of current Interstates.svg|thumb|کاٻو|بين الرياستي روڊن جو ڄار  جنھن جي ڊيگھ جملي {{convert|46876|mi|km}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Interstate FAQ (Question #3) |publisher=Federal Highway Administration |year=2006 |url=http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/interstate/faq.htm#question3 |accessdate=March 4, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[فائل:North America Passenger Trains.png|thumb|کاٻو|&lt;center&gt;ريلوي نظام {{nowrap|
[[ShareMap:special/North America Passenger Trains|اندروني ملڪئ جو ريلوي نظام جو نقشو
]] &lt;/center&gt;]]

سال 2016ع ۾ سرڪاري ھوائي ٽرانسپورٽ ۾ ھن ملڪ جي رجسٽرڊ جھازن جو تعداد 92 آھي. غير سرڪاري ٽرانسپورٽ جو رجسٽرڊ تعداد 6817 آهي. ساليانو 798.23 ملين ماڻھو جھازن ۾ سفر ڪن ٿا. سال2013ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ ھوائي اڏن جو تعداد 13,513 ھيو ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ پھرين نمبر تي آهي. ملڪ ۾  پيوڊ رن وي(paved runway)  وارا ايئر پورٽ 5,054 آھن. ان پيوڊ رن وي (unpaved runway) وارا ھوئي اڏا 8459 آھن. سال 2013ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ ھيلي ڪاپٽرن جا اڏا يا ھيلي پورٽ (Heliports) جو تعداد 5,287 آھي. ملڪ ۾ 2013ع ۾ قدرتي گيس جي پائيپن جي ڪل ڊيگھ 19,84,321 ڪلوميٽر ۽ پيٽرول جي پائيپ لائين جي ڊيگھ 2,40,711 ڪلوميٽر ھئي. ريلوي لائين جي ڊيگھ ساڳي سال 2,93,564.2 ڪلوميٽر ھئي.

ملڪ ۾ روڊن جي ڊيگھ 65,86,610 ڪلوميٽر جنھن ۾ پيوڊ روڊن (paved road) جي ڊيگھ 43,04,715 ڪلوميٽر، ايڪسپريس وي ۾ 76,334 ڪلوميٽر ۽ ان پيوڊ  روڊن (unpaved roads) جا 2,81,895 ڪلوميٽر شامل آهن. روڊن جي ڊيگھ ۾ ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ پھريون نمبر آھي. ملڪ جي واپاري بحري جهازن، ٻيڙن ۽ ٽينڪرن جو تعداد 3,611 آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ملڪ جو دفاع ==
ملڪ ۾ دفاع جو خرچ 2012 ۾ جي.ڊي.پي.جو 4.24 سيڪڙو ھيو جيڪو 2016 ۾ گھٽجي 3.29 تي پھتو. 2016 ٻين ملڪن جي ڀيٽ ۾ آمريڪا دفاع جي خرچ ۾ 25 نمبر تي ھيو. ملڪ ۾ فوج  يو ايس آرمي، يو ايس نيوي، يو ايس ايئر فورس۽ يو ايس ڪوسٽ گارڊ تي مشتمل آهي. ڪوسٽ گارڊ امن واري حالت ۾ ھوم لينڊ سڪيورٽي جي ماتحت ڪم ڪندا آهن ۽ جنگ جي حالت ۾ نيوي جي شعبي ۾ رپورٽ ڪندا آهن. فوج ۾ ڀرتي جي عمر 18 سال آهي پر جي والدين مرضي ڏيکارين تہ سترھن سال ۾ ڀرتي ٿي سگھي ٿي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==صحت== 
==تعليم==
آمريڪي پرائمري ۽ ثانوي تعليم (جنهن کي آمريڪا ۾ K-12 جي نالي سان سڃاتو وڃي ٿو، &quot;ڪندر گارٽن کان 12 هين گريڊ&quot;) غير مرڪزي آهي. اهو رياست، علائقائي، ۽ ڪڏهن ڪڏهن ميونسپل حڪومتن طرفان هلايو ويندو آهي ۽ يو ايس ڊپارٽمينٽ آف ايجوڪيشن پاران منظم ڪيو ويندو آهي. عام طور تي، ٻارن کي پنجن يا ڇهن سالن جي عمر (ڪنڊرگارٽن يا فرسٽ گريڊ) کان وٺي اسڪول يا منظور ٿيل هوم اسڪول ۾ وڃڻ جي ضرورت آهي جيستائين اهي 18 سالن جي عمر ۾ نه ٿين. اهو اڪثر ڪري شاگردن کي 12 هين گريڊ ذريعي آڻيندو آهي، يو ايس هاءِ اسڪول جو آخري سال، پر ڪجهه رياستون ۽ علائقا انهن کي، 16 يا 17 سالن جي عمر ۾ اسڪول ڇڏڻ جي اجازت ڏين ٿا. آمريڪا دنيا جي ڪنهن به ملڪ جي ڀيٽ ۾ في شاگرد تعليم تي وڌيڪ خرچ ڪري ٿو 12,794 يو ايس ڊالر في سال في پبلڪ ايليمينٽري ۽ سيڪنڊري اسڪول جو شاگرد (سال 2016-2017ع ۾). آمريڪن جي عمر 25 ۽ ان کان وڌيڪ، 84.6 سيڪڙو هاء اسڪول مان گريجوئيشن ڪئي، 52.6 سيڪڙو ڪجهه ڪاليج ۾ شرڪت ڪئي، 27.2 سيڪڙو بيچلر جي ڊگري حاصل ڪئي ۽ 9.6 سيڪڙو گريجوئيٽ ڊگري حاصل ڪئي. يو ايس خواندگي جي شرح ويجھي آفاقي آھي. ڪنهن به ملڪ ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ نوبل انعام ماڻيندڙ ملڪ آهن، جن ۾ 411 (413 انعام کٽي چڪا آهن). 

يو ايس ٽيٽيري يا اعليٰ تعليم عالمي شهرت حاصل ڪئي آهي. دنيا جون ڪيتريون ئي اعليٰ يونيورسٽيون، جيئن مختلف درجابندي جي تنظيمن طرفان درج ٿيل آهن، آمريڪا ۾ آهن، جن ۾ مٿين 25 مان 19 شامل آهن. آمريڪي اعليٰ تعليم رياستي يونيورسٽين جي نظام تي حاوي آهي، جيتوڻيڪ ملڪ جون ڪيتريون ئي خانگي يونيورسٽيون ۽ ڪاليج م سڀ آمريڪي شاگرد تقريبن 20 سيڪڙو داخلا وٺن ٿا. مقامي ڪميونٽي ڪاليج عام طور تي پيش ڪن ٿا ڪورس ورڪ ۽ ڊگري پروگرام جيڪي ڪاليج جي مطالعي جي پهرين ٻن سالن کي ڍڪيندا آهن. اهي اڪثر ڪري وڌيڪ کليل داخلا پاليسين، ننڍا تعليمي پروگرام، ۽ گهٽ ٽيوشن آهن. جيئن ته اعليٰ تعليم تي سرڪاري خرچن لاءِ، يو ايس او اي سي ڊي جي اوسط کان في شاگرد وڌيڪ خرچ ڪري ٿو ۽ آمريڪي گڏيل سرڪاري ۽ نجي خرچن ۾ سڀني قومن کان وڌيڪ خرچ ڪن ٿا. ڪاليج ۽ يونيورسٽيون جيڪي سڌي طرح وفاقي حڪومت طرفان فنڊ ڪيل آهن ٽيوشن چارج نه ڪندا آهن ۽ فوجي اهلڪارن ۽ سرڪاري ملازمن تائين محدود آهن، جن ۾ شامل آهن: يو ايس سروس اڪيڊميز، نيوي پوسٽ گريجوئيٽ اسڪول ۽ فوجي اسٽاف ڪاليج. شاگردن جي قرض جي معافي جي پروگرامن جي باوجود، شاگردن جي قرضن جو قرض گذريل ڏهاڪي ۾ 102٪ وڌي ويو آهي ۽ سال 2022ع تائين 1.7 ٽريلين ڊالرن کان وڌي ويو آهي. 

==ثقافت ۽ سماج==
آمريڪي مشهور ثقافت دنيا جي ڪيترن ئي هنڌن تي وڃي ٿو.&lt;ref&gt;
{{Cite magazine|last1=Fergie|first1=Dexter|last2=Pinkham|first2=Sophie|last3=Pinkham|first3=Sophie|last4=Kindley|first4=Evan|last5=Kindley|first5=Evan|last6=Kirsch|first6=Adam|last7=Kirsch|first7=Adam|last8=Dickey|first8=Colin|last9=Dickey|first9=Colin|date=2022-03-24|title=How American Culture Ate the World|magazine=The New Republic|url=https://newrepublic.com/article/165836/american-culture-ate-world-righteous-smokescreen-globalization-review|access-date=2023-04-01|issn=0028-6583}}&lt;/ref&gt;
اهو اڪثر هنڌن تي، خاص طور تي مغربي دنيا تي وڏو اثر آهي. آمريڪي ميوزڪ هر جڳهه آهي، ۽ آمريڪي فلمون ۽ ٽيليويزن شوز اڪثر ملڪن ۾ ڏسي سگهجن ٿا.

=== وفاقی موڪلون ===
تاريخ.     نالو.           وضاحت. 
جنوري 1. نئين سال جو ڏينهن. سال جي شروعات کي جشن ملهائي ٿو. 

2. 3rd سومر جنوري ۾. مارٽن لوٿر ڪنگ، جونيئر ڊي. اعزاز ڊاڪٽر مارٽن لوٿر ڪنگ، جونيئر، هڪ آفريڪي-آمريڪي شهري حقن جو اڳواڻ. 

3. فيبروري ۾ 3rd سومر. صدر جو ڏينهن. سڀني آمريڪي صدرن کي عزت ڏئي ٿو، پر خاص طور تي جارج واشنگٽن (پيدائش فيبروري 22، 1722) ۽ ابراهيم لنڪن (پيدائش فيبروري 12، 1812). 

4. مئي ۾ آخري سومر. يادگار ڏينهن. عزت وارا ماڻهو جيڪي فوج ۾ خدمت ڪندي مري ويا ۽ اونهاري جي روايتي شروعات کي نشانو بڻايو. 

5. جون 19. جون ٽيون. 1865 ۾ سڀني غلامن جي آزاديء کي تسليم ڪيو. 

6. 4 جولاءِ آزاديءَ جو ڏهاڙو. جشن آزاديءَ جو اعلان، ”جولاءِ جي چوٿين“ جي نالي سان پڻ مشهور آهي. 

7. سيپٽمبر ۾ 1st سومر. مزدورن جو ڏينهن. ڪارڪنن جي ڪاميابين کي جشن ڪري ٿو ۽ اونهاري جي روايتي پڄاڻي کي نشانو بڻائيندو آهي. 

8. آڪٽوبر ۾ 2nd سومر. ڪولمبس جو ڏينهن يا انديشي ماڻهن جو ڏينهن. ڪولمبس جو ڏهاڙو ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس جو اعزاز ڏئي ٿو، جنهن يورپ لاءِ آمريڪا دريافت ڪيو ۽ انديشي ماڻهن جو ڏينهن آمريڪا جي مقامي ماڻهن کي اعزاز ڏئي ٿو؛ رياستون هڪ يا نه ملهائي سگهن ٿيون. 

10. نومبر 11. ويٽرنس ڊي. سڀني ماڻهن کي عزت ڏئي ٿو جيڪي فوج ۾ خدمت ڪئي (ماضي ۽ موجوده). 

11. 4th خميس نومبر ۾. شڪر. موسم خزاں جي فصل کي جشن ملهائي ٿو ۽ &quot;ڇڏيل موسم&quot; جي روايتي شروعات کي نشانو بڻائيندو آهي. 

12. ڊسمبر 25. ڪرسمس. يسوع مسيح جي پيدائش کي جشن ملهائي ٿو (غير عيسائي ان کي سياري جي موڪل جي طور تي جشن ڪندا آهن).

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!width=150| Date&lt;ref name=&quot;cornell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/6103 |title=5 U.S. Code § 6103 – Holidays |publisher=[[Cornell University Law School]] - Legal Information Institute |website=www.law.cornell.edu |access-date=2014-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709203348/https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/6103 |archive-date=July 9, 2017 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! Name
! Description
|-
| January 1
| [[New Year's Day]]
| Celebrates the beginning of the year
|-
| 3rd Monday in January
| [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]] Day
| Honors Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., an [[African-American]] [[civil rights]] leader
|-
| 3rd Monday in February
| [[President's Day]]
| Honors all of the American presidents, but specifically [[George Washington]] (born February 22, 1722) and [[Abraham Lincoln]] (born February 12, 1812)
|-
| Last Monday in May
| [[Memorial Day]]
| Honors people who died while serving in the military and marks the traditional start of [[summer]]
|-
| June 19
| [[Juneteenth]]
| Recognizes the freeing of all [[Slavery in the United States|slaves]] in 1865
|-
| July 4
| [[US Independence Day|Independence Day]]
| Celebrates the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]], also known as &quot;The Fourth of July&quot;
|-
| 1st Monday in September
| [[Labor Day]]
| Celebrates the achievements of workers and marks the traditional end of summer
|-
| 2nd Monday in October
| [[Columbus Day]] or [[Indigenous Peoples' Day]]
| Columbus Day honors [[Christopher Columbus]], who discovered [[the Americas]] for [[Europe]] and Indigenous Peoples' Day honors the native people of the US; states may celebrate one or neither
|-
| November 11
| [[Veterans Day]]
| Honors all people who served in the [[military]] (past and present)
|-
| 4th Thursday in November
| [[Thanksgiving]]
| Celebrates the [[autumn]] [[harvest]] and marks the [[tradition]]al beginning of the &quot;holiday season&quot;
|-
| December 25
| [[Christmas]]
| Celebrates the [[birth]] of [[Jesus Christ]] (non-[[Christian]]s celebrate it as a [[winter]] holiday)
|}

===پرچم===
:
[[File:Flag of the United States.svg|thumb|The US flag]]

آمريڪي پرچم. 

آمريڪي پرچم نيري پس منظر تي 50 تارن تي مشتمل آهي ۽ 13 پٽيون آهن، ست ڳاڙهي ۽ ڇهه اڇیون. اهو گڏيل قومن جي ڪيترن ئي علامتن مان هڪ آهي جهڙوڪ بالڊ ايگل. 50 تارا 50 رياستن جي نمائندگي ڪن ٿا. ڳاڙھو جرئت لاء بيٺل آھي، نيرو انصاف لاء بيٺل آھي، ۽ اڇو امن ۽ صفائي جي نمائندگي ڪري ٿو. 13 پٽي 13 اصلي نوآبادين جي نمائندگي ڪن ٿا. 
===کاڌا===
هيمبرگر آمريڪا جي مشهور خوراڪ مان هڪ آهي. آمريڪا ۾ فاسٽ فوڊ ڪيترن ئي علائقائي کاڌن جو گهر آهي جهڙوڪ ڏکڻ آمريڪا جو کاڌو، جنهن کي ڏاکڻي کاڌي جي نالي سان پڻ سڃاتو وڃي ٿو. هتي چيني، يوناني، جاپاني، اطالوي ۽ ميڪسيڪو کاڌي جا آمريڪي نسخا آهن. اصلي آمريڪن کاڌ خوراڪ اصل آمريڪين جو کاڌو آھي. دنيا جي ڪيترن ئي ملڪن ۾ آمريڪي وينجن جو تمام گهڻو اثر آهي. آمريڪي کاڌي ۾ اصلي آمريڪي، برطانوي، فرينچ، جرمن ۽ اسپيني اثرات آهن. روح کاڌو روايتي ڏکڻ آفريڪا آمريڪي کاڌو آهي. 
===موسيقي=== 
آمريڪا ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ مشهور صنفون راڪ اينڊ رول، پاپ، ڪنتری، آر اينڊ بي ۽ هپ هاپ آهن. اصلي آمريڪي موسيقي آمريڪا جي مقامي موسيقي آهي. 


The [[American flag]] is made up of 50 stars on a blue background and has 13 stripes, seven red and six white. It is one of many symbols of the United States like the [[Bald Eagle]]. The 50 stars represent the 50 states. The red stands for [[courage]], the blue stands for [[justice]], and the white represents [[peace]] and [[cleanliness]]. The 13 stripes represent the [[Thirteen Colonies|13 original colonies.]]&lt;ref&gt;USA Flag Meaning. 2009 Retrieved from [https://web.archive.org/web/20071206041914/http://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/usa-flag/usa-flag-meaning.html http://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/usa-flag/usa-flag-meaning.html] on 16th of September 2010&lt;/ref&gt;

Cuisine
:
A [[hamburger]] is one of the popular foods of the United States. [[Fast food]] in the United States is home to many regional cuisines such as the [[Cuisine of the Southern United States]], also known as Southern food. There are Americanized versions of Chinese, Greek, Japanese, Italian and Mexican cuisine. Native American cuisine is the cuisine of the indigenous [[Native Americans]]. A lot of American dishes are influenced by many countries around the world. American cuisine has Native American, British, French, German, and Spanish influences.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=The Founders of American Cuisine: Seven Cookbook Authors, with Historical Recipes| isbn=9780786458691 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=XiKhBAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=american+cuisine+is+influenced+by+german+spanish&amp;pg=PA8| last1=Haff | first1=Harry | date=8 February 2011 | publisher=McFarland }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Soul food]] is traditional southern African American food.

Music
:
The most popular genres in the United States are [[rock and roll]], [[pop music|pop]], [[country music|country]], [[R&amp;B]], and [[hip hop]]. [[Native American#Music|Native American music]] is the indigenous music of the United States.

===رانديون===
[[File:Wilson opening day 1916.jpg|thumb|In American baseball games, sometimes the president throws the first ball.]]

آمريڪي بيس بال جي راندين ۾، ڪڏهن ڪڏهن صدر پهريون بال اڇلائي ٿو. 

اصلي آمريڪن يورپين جي اچڻ کان اڳ لاڪروس کيڏيو. بيس بال آمريڪا لاءِ ملڪي راند آهي، ۽ آمريڪي فٽبال سڀ کان مشهور راند آهي. باسڪيٽ بال آمريڪا ۾ پڻ تمام گهڻو مشهور آهي، جنهن کي آمريڪا جي پنهنجي ليگ آهي جنهن کي NBA سڏيو ويندو آهي. 
===وڊيو گيمز===
آمريڪا جي وڊيو گيم انڊسٽري ڪنهن به ملڪ جي وڏي ۾ وڏي آهي. اهو چين کان پوءِ وڊيو گيمز لاءِ ٻيو نمبر وڏو بازار آهي. دنيا جا ڪيترائي وڏا ويڊيو گيم ڊولپر آمريڪا ۾ ٻڌل آهن، جهڙوڪ Take-To Interactive، Electronic Arts، Activision Blizzard، ۽ Xbox Game Studios. 
===ماپ===
آمريڪا واحد ترقي يافته ملڪ آهي جيڪو سرڪاري طور تي ميٽرڪ سسٽم استعمال نٿو ڪري. ان جي بدران، گڏيل قومن جي رواجي يونٽ سرڪاري ماپ جو نظام آهي، جيتوڻيڪ ڪي خاص شعبا جهڙوڪ سائنس ميٽرڪ سسٽم استعمال ڪن ٿا. ماضي ۾ پڻ ميٽرڪ جي ڪوشش ڪئي وئي، خاص طور تي 1970s ۾، پر انهن کي هٽايو ويو آهي.

[[Native Americans]] played [[lacrosse]] before [[Europeans]] arrived.&lt;ref&gt;Liss, Howard. Lacrosse (Funk &amp; Wagnalls, 1970) pg 13.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Baseball]] is the country sport for the United States, and [[American football]] is the most popular sport. Basketball is also very popular in the USA, which the USA has its own league called the [[National Basketball Association|NBA]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Grossman|first=Nadelle|date=2014-01-01|title=What is the NBA?|url=https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/facpub/665|journal=25 Marquette Sports Law Review 101 (2014)|access-date=2022-11-24|archive-date=2022-11-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221124042653/https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/facpub/665/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Video games
:
The [[video game industry]] of the United States is one of the largest of any country. It is the second largest market for video games after China.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Asian countries make up 40% of the world's top 10 video gaming markets|url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/08/which-countries-have-the-largest-video-gaming-markets/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=World Economic Forum|language=en|archive-date=2022-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212045635/https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/08/which-countries-have-the-largest-video-gaming-markets/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Many of the world's largest video game developers are based in the USA, like [[Take-Two Interactive]], [[Electronic Arts]], [[Activision Blizzard]], and [[Xbox Game Studios]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Gray|first=Jasmine|date=2022-08-25|title=The 10 Largest Video Game Companies In The World, And What They Do|url=https://history-computer.com/largest-video-game-companies-in-the-world-and-what-they-do/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=History-Computer|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230115121540/https://history-computer.com/largest-video-game-companies-in-the-world-and-what-they-do/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Measurement:
The United States is the only developed country that doesn't officially use the [[metric system]]. Instead, the [[United States customary units]] are the official measurement system used, though certain fields like [[science]] use the metric system. There were also attempts at [[metrication]] in the past, most notably in the 1970s, but they have been struck down.

==پڻ ڏسو== 
==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
{{Sisterlinks|گڏيل رياستن}}
*
; Government
* [http://www.usa.gov/ Official U.S. Government Web Portal] Gateway to governmental sites
* [http://www.whitehouse.gov/ White House] Official site of the President of the United States
* [https://www.senate.gov/ Senate] Official site of the United States Senate
* [http://www.house.gov/ House] Official site of the United States House of Representatives
* [{{SCOTUS URL}} Supreme Court] Official site of the Supreme Court of the United States
*[https://web.archive.org/web/19990220002603/https://www.loc.gov/index.html Library of Congress] Official site of the [[Library of Congress]]

; Overviews and data
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20000829075233/http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/factover/ Portrait of the United States] Overview from the U.S. Information Agency
*[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html United States]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225135647/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html%20 |date=2018-12-25 }}. CIA ''World Factbook'' entry.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060828224303/http://www.britannica.com/nations/United-States United States] ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' entry
*[https://web.archive.org/web/19970101150136/https://www.census.gov/hhes/www/ U.S. Census Housing and Economic Statistics] Wide-ranging data from the U.S. Census Bureau
*[http://www.ers.usda.gov/statefacts/ State Fact Sheets] Population, employment, income, and farm data from the U.S. Economic Research Service
*[http://www.teacheroz.com/states.htm The 50 States of the U.S.A.] Collected informational links for each state

; History
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080314143240/http://www.nationalcenter.org/HistoricalDocuments.html Historical documents] Collected by the National Center for Public Policy Research
* [http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm U.S. National Mottos: History and Constitutionality]. {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20061212193931/http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm |date=2006-12-12 }}. Analysis by the Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance.
* [http://www.historicalstatistics.org/index2.html USA] Collected links to historical data

; Maps
* {{Wikiatlas|the United States}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20091021182322/http://www.nationalatlas.gov/ National Atlas of the United States] Official maps from the U.S. Department of the Interior

;Other
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061102175016/http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services] Official government site

{{United States topics}}
{{United States}}
{{North America}}
{{G8}}
{{Group of 7}}
{{North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO)}}

{{Authority control}}

[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستون]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:نيٽو جا ميمبر ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:انگريزي ڳالهائيندڙ ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:اسپيني ڳالھائيندڙ ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:وفاقي آئيني جمهوريتون]]
[[زمرو:جي-7 جا ميمبر ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:جي-8 جا ميمبر ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:جي-20 جا ميمبر ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل قومن جا ڀاتي ملڪ]]
[[Category:1776 establishments in North America]]

==حوالا==
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      <text bytes="66710" sha1="sh1epmod3hoza72oqo3zvu1vqkelr7r" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس آف آمريڪا
| common_name = يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس
| image_flag = Animated-Flag-USA.gif
| image_coat = Great Seal of the United States (obverse).svg
| symbol_type = وڏي مھر
| national_motto = &lt;div style=&quot;padding-bottom:0.5em;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;&quot;پنھنجو ڀروسو خدا تي آ&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{USC|36|302}} ''National motto''&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[#God|Dept. of Treasury, 2011]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{{collapsible list
 |title = ''{{nobold|Other traditional mottos &amp;nbsp;}} ''
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:1.15em;
 |liststyle = text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[E pluribus unum]]&quot;|italics=off}} {{small|(de facto)}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot; ڪيترن مان ھڪ&quot;}}
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[Annuit cœptis]]&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot; ھن (خدا) ئي اسان جي مدد ڪئي آ&quot;}}
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[Novus ordo seclorum]]&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot;ھر دور جي نئين ابتدا &quot;}}
}}
| national_anthem = &quot;چمڪندڙ تارن وارو بينر&quot;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;{{center|[[فائل:Star Spangled Banner instrumental.ogg]]}}
----
{{center|'''March:''' &quot;[[The Stars and Stripes Forever]]&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;national march&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=U.S. Code: Title 36, 304|work=United States Code|location=United States|publisher=Cornell Law School|url=http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode36/usc_sec_36_00000304----000-.html|date=August 12, 1998|accessdate=February 15, 2015|quote=The composition by John Philip Sousa entitled 'The Stars and Stripes Forever' is the national march.}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}&lt;br/&gt;{{center|[[فائل:The Stars and Stripes Forever - U.S. Navy Band.ogg]]}}
| image_map = USA orthographic.svg &lt;!-- consensus map, see talk page --&gt;
| map_caption = يونائٽيڊ اسٽيٽس جنھن ۾ الاسڪا ۽ ھوائي بہ شامل ڏيکاريل آهن
| alt_map = اتر آمريڪا جي کنڊ ۾ يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس سائي رنگ ۾ نمايان
| image_map2 = US insular areas SVG.svg|700px
| alt_map2 = [[يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس ۽ ان جا علائقا|علائقا]]
| map_caption2 = گڏيل آمريڪي رياستون ۽ انھن جا علائقا
| map_width = 220px
| capital = [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]]
| latd = 38
| latm = 53
| latNS = N
| longd = 77
| longm = 01
| longEW = W
| largest_city = [[نيويارڪ سٽي]]&lt;br/&gt;
{{small|{{coord|40|43|N|74|00|W|display=inline}}}}
| official_languages = وفاقي سطح تي ڪابہ سرڪاري ٻولي ناھي
| languages_type = قومي ٻولي
| languages = [[انگريزي ٻولي]]{{ref label|engfactobox|b|}}&lt;!---NOTE: Just English, don't add &quot;American English&quot;---&gt;
| official_religion = ڪوبہ نہ
| demonym = [[آمريڪن]] يا [[آمريڪي]]
| ethnic_groups = *  72.41%: گورا
*12.61% : ڪارا
*9.11%: گھڻ نسلي  
*4.75%: ايشيائي
*1.12% : ريڊ انڊين
| government_type = [[وفاقي]] [[صدارتي]] [[آئيني ريپبلڪ]]
| leader_title1 = [[صدر]]
| leader_name1 = [[ڊونالڊ ٽرمپ]]
| leader_title2 = نائب صدر
| leader_name2 = مائيڪ پينس
| leader_title3 = اسپيڪر آف ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
| leader_name3 = پائل ريئن
| leader_title4 = چيف جسٽس
| leader_name4 = جان رابرٽس
| legislature = ڪانگريس
| upper_house = سينيٽ
| lower_house = ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
| sovereignty_type = &lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
برطانيا کان آزادي &lt;/div&gt;
| established_event1 = آمريڪا جي آزادي جو پڌرنامو
| established_date1 = 4 جولاءِ، 1776ع
| established_event2 = ڪنفيڊريشن جو قيام
| established_date2 = پھرين مارچ، 1781ع
| established_event3 = پيرس معاھدو (1783)
| established_date3 = 3 سيپٽمبر، 1783ع
| established_event4 = آمريڪا جو آئين
| established_date4 = 21 جون، 1788ع
| established_event5 = اتر مرينا ٻيٽ
| established_date5 = 24 مارچ، 1976ع
| area_rank = 3rd/4th
| area_magnitude = 1 E+12
| area_km2 = 98,57,306
| area_sq_mi = 38,05,927
| percent_water = 7.1
| area_label = جملي پکيڙ
| area_label2 = خشڪي جي پکيڙ
| area_data2 = 91,58,022 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;br/&gt;35,35,932 چورس ميل
| area_footnote = 
| population_census_year = 2010ع
| population_census_rank = ٽيون
| population_census = 309,349,689&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.census.gov/popest/data/intercensal/national/tables/US-EST00INT-01.xls PDF].U.S. census department data.&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate = 322,369,319&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popclock/|title=U.S. and World Population Clock|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=December 21, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2016ع
| population_estimate_rank = ٽيون
| population_density_km2 = 35 &lt;!--figures use (population/land area) as of May 2015--&gt;
| population_density_sq_mi = 90.6 &lt;!--figures use (population/land area) as of May 2015--&gt;
| population_density_rank = 180هون
| GDP_PPP_year = 2014ع
| GDP_PPP = 17.419 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_rank = بيون
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = 54,629 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 10هون
| GDP_nominal = 17.419 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2015/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=33&amp;pr.y=7&amp;sy=2014&amp;ey=2015&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=111&amp;s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC&amp;grp=0&amp;a=|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|publisher=IMF}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_nominal_rank = پهريون
| GDP_nominal_year = 2014ع
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = 54,629 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = پنجهون
| Gini_year = 2013ع
| Gini_change = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini = 40.8  &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_ref = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=OECD Income Distribution Database: Gini, poverty, income, Methods and Concepts|url=http://www.oecd.org/els/soc/income-distribution-database.htm|website=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Global inequality: How the U.S. compares|url=http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2013/12/19/global-inequality-how-the-u-s-compares/|website=Pew Research}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Income Distribution and Poverty : by country – INEQUALITY|url=http://stats.oecd.org/index.aspx?queryid=46189|website=OECD}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_year = 2014&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change = increase&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI = 0.915 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr_2015_statistical_annex.pdf |title=2015 Human Development Report  |date=2015 |accessdate=December 14, 2015 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank = 8th
| EF_year = 2007
| EF = {{decrease}} 8.0 gha&lt;ref name=&quot;EF&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.footprintnetwork.org/images/uploads/Ecological_Footprint_Atlas_2010.pdf |title=Ecological Footprint Atlas 2010 |publisher=Global Footprint Network |accessdate=July 11, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| EF_rank = 6th
| currency = آمريڪي ڊالر ($)
| currency_code = USD
| country_code = USA
| utc_offset = −4 to −12, +10, +11
| utc_offset_DST = −4 to −10{{ref label|UTCbox|d|}}
| calling_code = [[North American Numbering Plan|+1]]
| iso3166code = US
| date_format = MM/DD/YYYY
| drives_on = ساڄو پاسو
{{ref label|driving|e|}}
| cctld = {{nowrap|[[.us]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.gov]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.mil]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.edu]]}}
| footnote_a = 
| footnote_b = 
}}
[[فائل:United States (orthographic projection).svg|کاٻو|thumb|300px]]
'''آمريڪا جون گڏيل رياستون''' {{ٻيا نالا|انگريزي= ''' United States of America'''}} جنهن کي '''يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس'''، '''يو ايس''' يا '''آمريڪا''' به چيو ويندو آهي، 50 رياستن تي مشتمل هڪ جمهوري ملڪ آهي.  هي ملڪ اتر آمريڪا کنڊ ۾ واقع آهي. هتان جي گادي جو هنڌ [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]] ۽ سڀ کان وڏو شهر [[نيويارڪ]] آهي. 50 مان 48 رياستون هڪ ئي هنڌ [[ڪئناڊا]] جي ڏکڻ ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو]] جي اتر ۾ واقع آهن، جڏهن ته هڪ رياست [[الاسڪا]] باقي ملڪ کان پري [[ڪئناڊا]] جي اولھه ۾ ۽ ٻي رياست [[هوائي]] باقي ملڪ جي اولھ ۾ [[پيسفڪ سمنڊ|پئسفڪ سمنڊ]] ۾ آهي. آمريڪا جي اتر-اولهه واري رياست [[واشنگٽن رياست]] آهي. آمريڪا جي ڪل آبادي 34 ڪروڙ آهي ۽ هي آبادي جي لحاظ کان دنيا جو  ٽيون وڏو ملڪ آهي. هي ملڪ سال 1776ع ۾ قائم ٿيو. ناڻي ۽ فوجي طاقت جي لحاظ کان دنيا ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ طاقتور آهي.[[فائل:Bald Eagle Portrait.jpg|thumb|upright| بالڊ ايگل جيڪو 1782 کان وٺي آمريڪا جو قومي پکي آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;McDougall2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=Len McDougall |title=The Encyclopedia of Tracks and Scats: A Comprehensive Guide to the Trackable Animals of the United States and Canada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9XOc2_u7z6cC&amp;pg=PA325 |year=2004 |publisher=Lyons Press |isbn=978-1-59228-070-4 |page=325}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

پيلو-انڊين 12,000 سال اڳ کان وڌيڪ بيرنگ زميني پل جي پار لڏي ويا. برطانوي نوآباديات 1607 ۾ ورجينيا ۾ تيرهن ڪالونين جي پهرين آبادي جو سبب بڻيو. ٽيڪس ۽ سياسي نمائندگي تي برطانوي تاج سان ٽڪراءَ آمريڪي انقلاب کي جنم ڏنو، ٻي ڪانٽينينٽل ڪانگريس 4 جولاءِ 1776ع تي آزاديءَ جو باضابطه اعلان ڪيو. انقلابي جنگ (1775-1783)، ملڪ اتر آمريڪا ۾ وڌندو رهيو. جيئن وڌيڪ رياستون داخل ڪيون ويون، غلاميءَ تي سيڪشنل ڊويزن آمريڪا جي ڪنفيڊرٽ رياستن جي علحدگيءَ جو سبب بڻيون، جن 1861-1865 آمريڪي گهرو ويڙهه دوران يونين جي باقي رياستن سان وڙهيو. يونين جي فتح ۽ تحفظ سان، غلامي کي قومي طور تي ختم ڪيو ويو. 1890ع  تائين، آمريڪا پاڻ کي هڪ عظيم طاقت طور قائم ڪيو. ڊسمبر 1941ع ۾ پرل هاربر تي جاپان جي حملي کان پوءِ، آمريڪا ٻي عالمي جنگ ۾ داخل ٿيو. جنگ جي نتيجي ۾ آمريڪا ۽ سوويت يونين کي دنيا جي ٻن سپر پاورن جي طور تي ڇڏي ويو ۽ سرد جنگ جو سبب بڻيو، جنهن دوران ٻنهي ملڪن نظرياتي تسلط ۽ بين الاقوامي اثر رسوخ لاءِ جدوجهد ۾ مصروف ٿي ويا. سوويت يونين جي ٽٽڻ ۽ 1991ع ۾ سرد جنگ جي خاتمي کانپوءِ، آمريڪا دنيا جي واحد سپر پاور طور اڀري آيو. يو ايس جي قومي حڪومت هڪ صدارتي آئيني جمهوريه آهي ۽ لبرل جمهوريت ٽن الڳ شاخن سان: قانون ساز، انتظامي، ۽ عدالتي. هن ۾ هڪ ٻه رڪني قومي قانون سازي آهي جيڪا هائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽوز تي مشتمل آهي، آبادي جي بنياد تي هيٺيون ايوان؛ ۽ سينيٽ، هر رياست جي برابر نمائندگي تي ٻڌل هڪ اپر ايوان. رياستن ۽ ڪيترن ئي علائقن کي انتهائي خودمختياري ڏني وئي آهي، هڪ سياسي ڪلچر سان جيڪو زور ڏئي ٿو آزادي، برابري قانون تحت، انفراديت، ۽ محدود حڪومت. دنيا جي سڀ کان وڌيڪ ترقي يافته ملڪن مان هڪ، آمريڪا 1890ع کان وٺي سڀ کان وڏي نامياتي GDP رکي ٿو ۽ 2023ع ۾ عالمي معيشت جو 15 سيڪڙو حصو رکي ٿو. او اي سي ڊي ملڪن جي وچ ۾ في ماڻهون جي سڀ کان وڌيڪ ڊسپوزيبل گهريلو آمدني. آمريڪا انساني حقن، اقتصادي مقابلي، پيداوار، جدت ۽ اعليٰ تعليم ۾ دنيا جي اعليٰ ترين ملڪن ۾ شمار ٿئي ٿو. ان جي سخت طاقت ۽ ثقافتي اثر عالمي پهچ آهي. يو ايس ورلڊ بئنڪ، آرگنائيزيشن آف آمريڪن اسٽيٽس، نيٽو ۽ گڏيل قومن جو باني ميمبر آهي، گڏوگڏ گڏيل قومن جي سلامتي ڪائونسل جو مستقل ميمبر آهي.

== تاريخ ==
1000ع ۾ [[ليف ايرڪسن]] نالي هڪ مهم جُو يورپي جهازي [[اتر آمريڪا]] جي سامونڊي حدن ۾ اچي داخل ٿيو. 12 آڪٽوبر 1492ع ۾ [[ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس]] (Christopher Columbus) ائٽلانٽڪ وڏي سمنڊ ۾ طوفان جي وڪڙ ۾ اچي آمريڪي ڪناري تي پهتو ۽ [[سين سلويڊور]] San Slavador ٻيٽ تي لنگر انداز ٿيو.
[[ڪيليفورنيا]] جنهن کي گولڊن اسٽيٽ به سڏيو ويندو آهي، تنهنجي [[ايل ڊوراڊو]] El Dorado علائقي ۾ سڀني کان پهرين پهچندڙ اسپيني ماڻهن هتي سون جي ڳولا ۾ پهتا. 
1607ع ۾ [[ورجينا]] رياست جي [[جيمس ٽائون]]James Town شهر ۾ انگريزن جي پهرين ڪالوني قائم ٿي ۽ انگريز سڀ کان پهرين هن شهر ۾ اچي آباد ٿيا.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=ٽوئر ٽو آمريڪا (عبدالحئي پليجو) {{!}} سنڌ سلامت ڪتاب گهر&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt; |url=http://books.sindhsalamat.com/book.php?book_id=327#16407 |accessdate=2016-09-27 |archive-date=2017-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912103147/http://books.sindhsalamat.com/book.php?book_id=327#16407 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;ڪتاب: ٽوئر ٽو آمريڪا&lt;/ref&gt;

[[فائل:Declaration independence.jpg|thumb|ڊڪليئريشن آف انڊپنڏنس ( خودمختياري جو اعلان) جو جان ٽرمبول پاران ٺاھيل پينٽنگ]]

برطانيا جون آمريڪي ڪالونيون 1776 ۾ برطانيا کان الڳ ٿي ويون ۽ انھن کي 1783 ۾ پيرس واري معاھدي ذريعي يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس آف آمريڪا جي نالي سان ھڪ نئين قوم جي سڃاڻپ ملي. گڏيل رياستن ۾ پھرين 13 رياستون ھيون ۽ 19 کان 20 صدي دوران ٻيون 37 رياستون بہ ان ۾ شامل ٿي ويون.آمريڪا جي تاريخ ۾ ھڪ ڏکيو دور گهرو ويڙهه وارو ھيو جيڪا 1861 کان 1865 تائين ھلي 

[[فائل:Thure de Thulstrup - L. Prang and Co. - Battle of Gettysburg - Restoration by Adam Cuerden (cropped).jpg|thumb|گهرو ويڙهه دوران [[گيٽس برگ واري لڙائي]] (Battle of Gettysburg) جي  مصور  [[ٿيوئر ڊي ٿلسٽرپ]] پاران ٺاھيل پينٽنگ]] 

جنھن ۾ اتر وارين رياستن جي يونين ۽ ڏکڻ وارين رياستن جي [[ڪنفيڊريشن]] جي وچ ۾ جنگ ھلي جيڪا اتر وارين رياستن کٽي ھئي. آمريڪا جي تاريخ جو ٻيو ڏکيو دور 1930 واري ڏھاڪي جو معاشي بحران آھي جنھن ۾ آمريڪا جي مزدورن جو چوٿون حصو نوڪريون ختم ٿي وڃڻ جي ڪري بي روزگار ٿي ويو.

[[فائل:Crowd outside nyse.jpg|thumb|1929 کان پوءِ ٿيندڙ معاشي گھوٽالي جي ڪري ماڻھو وال اسٽريٽ ۾ گڏ ٿيندي]]
پھرين ۽ ٻين جنگ عظيم جي فتح ۽ 1991 ۾ سرد جنگ جي خاتمي آمريڪا کي ھڪ سپر پاور بڻائي ڇڏيو.آمريڪي معيشت ۽ [[ٽيڪنالاجي]]۾ بي حد اضافو ٿيو آھي. ھن وقت آمريڪا دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي معيشت آھي. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
4 -اپريل- 1789ع تي -آمريڪا- جو -آئين- نافذ ٿيو. 30 -اپريل- 1789ع تي -[[جارج واشنگٽن]]- -آمريڪا- جو پهريون صدر ٿيو. 1861ع کان 1865ع تائين -آمريڪا- گھرو -جنگ- ۾ مبتلا رهيو، ڇو ته ڏاکڻين رياستن جي ڪارن غلامن -آزادي- پئي گهري. آمريڪي صدر ابراهام لنڪن غلاميءَ جو خاتمو آندو. 30 مارچ 1867ع تي روس [[الاسڪا]] جي رياست 7 ملين ڊالرن عيوض -آمريڪا- کي وڪڻي ڇڏي. 17 ڊسمبر 1903ع تي -آمريڪا- جي [[رائيٽ برادران]] ([[ولبرٽ رائيٽ]] ۽ [[آرويل رائيٽ]]) هڪ ننڍي هوائي جهاز ۾، جيڪو مشين سان هلندو هو، -[[اتر ڪيرولينا]] جي [[ڪٽيهاڪ]] ميدانن -تان- پهرئين -اڏام- ڪئي، ٻئي ڀائر جهاز ۾ موجود هئا.  
1906ع ۾ آمريڪي صدر [[روز ويلٽ]] کي پهريون ڀيرو امن جو نوبل -انعام- مليو. 06 -اپريل- 1917ع تي -آمريڪا- پهرين عالمي -جنگ- ۾ شامل ٿيو. 13 -اپريل- 1935ع تي دنيا جي پهرئين ايئر سروس جي شروعات ڪيائين. -ٻي عالمي جنگ- ۾ [[جاپان]] جي هٿيار ڦٽا نه ڪرڻ سبب -آمريڪا- 6 -آگسٽ- 1945ع تي [[هيروشيما]] ۽ 9 -آگسٽ- 1945ع تي [[ناگاساڪي]] تي ايٽم -بم- ڪيرايا، جنهن سان بي انداز -جاني- نقصان ٿيو ۽ -آمريڪا- دنيا تي هڪ هٽي قائم ڪري ورتي. 5 مئي 1961ع تي ايلن بي شيپرڊ پهرئين آمريڪي خلاباز جي حيثيت سان خلا ۾ -اڏام- ڪئي. 22 نومبر 1963ع تي صدر جان ايف ڪينيڊيءَ کي قتل ڪيو ويو. 1968ع ۾ ڪارن جي حقن لاءِ آواز اٿاريندڙ اڳواڻ [[مارٽن لوٿرڪنگ]] کي قتل ڪيو ويو. 20 -جولاءِ- 1969ع تي آمريڪي خلائي جهاز اپولو II وسيلي خلاباز [[نيل آرمسٽرانگ|نيل آمسٽرانگ]]، [[ايڊون ايلڊرن]] ۽ [[مائيڪل ڪولينز]] چنڊ تي لٿا، جنهن کي سڄي دنيا جي عوام ٽي ويءَ تي سڌو سنئون ڏٺو. 26 فيبروري 1991ع تي -آمريڪا- [[ڪويت]] کي [[عراق]] جي قبضي مان ڇڏايو. 07 نومبر 2000ع جي صدارتي چونڊن ۾ جارج واڪر بش صدر چونڊجي آيو. 11 سيپٽمبر 2001ع تي ٻه مسافرن سان ڀريل جهاز [[ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر]] ۽ آمريڪي وزارت دفاع جي آفيس [[پينٽاگون]] سان ٽڪرائجي ويا ۽ ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر جا ٻئي ٽاور پٽ اچي پيا. -

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 | alt2 =
}}

آمريڪا- -ان- دهشت گرديءَ جو ذميوار [[اسامه بن لادن]] کي قرار ڏنو، جيڪو -[[افغانستان]]- ۾ [[طالبان]] جو مهمان هو. انهيءَ الزام هيٺ -افغانستان- تي حملو ڪري طالبان جي حڪومت جو خاتمو آندو ويو. اها لڙائي اڃا به -جاري- آهي، 2003ع جي سياري ۾ -آمريڪا- عراق تي حملو ڪري [[صدام حسين]] کي گرفتار ڪري، کيس عدالت ذريعي ڦاهي ڏياري. عراق ۾ هينئر به نيٽو فورسز ويڙهاڪن کي منهن ڏيئي رهي آهي. -آمريڪا- 51 رياستن جو وفاق آهي، -جتي- صدارتي طرز جي حڪومت قائم آهي. صدر رياست جو مملڪتي اڳواڻ سربراهه (هيڊ آف اسٽيٽ)، حڪومت جو اڳواڻ، سڀني آئيني ۽ انتظامي اختيارن جو مالڪ ۽ هٿياربند فوجن جو سپريم ڪمانڊر آهي. صدر عوام جي ووٽن سان چئن سالن لاءِ چونڊبو آهي. ڪابينا ۽ رياستي گورنرن جي چونڊ صدر پاڻ ڪندو آهي. هن وقت آمريڪا جو صدر  [[ڊونلڊ ٽرمپ|ڊونالڊ ٽرمپ]] آهي آمريڪا  جو اڳوڻو صدر [[بارڪ اوباما|بارڪ حسين اوباما]] ھو    جيڪو -تاريخ- جو پهريون سربراهه ھيو، جنهن جو تعلق ڪاري نسل سان ھيو. هن کي 2009ع جو امن جو نوبل -انعام- به مليو . -آمريڪا- جي آزاديءَ جو ڏهاڙو 04 -جولاءِ- 1776ع آهي، ۽ کيس گڏيل قومن جي اداري (UNO) جي ميمبرشپ 24 -آڪٽوبر- 1945ع کان حاصل آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[http://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=آمريڪا آمريڪا : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;

[[فائل:Liberty-statue-from-below.jpg|thumb|کاٻو|نيويارڪ سٽي ۾[[اسٽيچو آف لبرٽي]] جيڪو 1886 ۾ آمريڪا  جيڪو آمريڪا جي نشان طور سڃاتو وڃي ٿو پر ان سان آمريڪي جمھوريت، آزادي ۽ موقعي جي بہ سڃاڻپ طور مشھور آھي  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| title = Statue of Liberty| work=World Heritage| publisher=UNESCO| url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307| accessdate = October 20, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

== جاگرافي ==
[[فائل:USA-satellite.jpg|thumb|آمريڪا جي گڏيل رياستن جي سيٽلائيٽ ذريعي نڪتل تصوير جنھن ۾ ان جي پسگردائي پڻ ڏيکاريل آهي]]
[[فائل:US 50 states Köppen.svg|thumb|کاٻو| ڪوپن واري آبهوا جي درجہ بندي]]
ھي ملڪ اتر کان ڏکڻ ۾ [[ڪيناڊا]] ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو]] ۽ اوڀر کان اولھ [[ائٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] ۽ [[پيسفڪ سمنڊ]] جي وچ ۾ واقع آهي. ھن ملڪ جو جاگرافيائي محل وقوع 38 00 N, 97 00 W آھي.ملڪ جي ايراضي  9,833,517 چورس ڪلوميٽر جن مان
9,147,593 چورس ڪلوميٽر خشڪي 685,924 چورس ڪلوميٽر پاڻي آھي. ھن ملڪ ۾ 50 رياستون ۽ ھڪ وفاقي ٽيريٽري جنھن جو نالو [[ڊسٽرڪٽ آف ڪولمبيا]] آهي جنھن ۾ وفاقي گاديءَ جو هنڌ [[واشنگٽن]] واقع آهي. ھي دنيا جو پکيڙ ۾ چوٿون وڏو ملڪ آهي.ھن جي زمين واري سرحد جملي 12,048 ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان ڪيناڊا سان  اتر واري پاسي  8,893 ڪ.م. ۽ الاسڪا واري پاسي کان ڪيناڊا سان 2,477 ڪ.م. اٿس باقي ميڪسيڪو سان  زميني سرحد 3,155 ڪ.م. آهي.ھن ملڪ جي [[گوانٽانامو بي]] ۾ فوجي اڏي واري زمين ڪيوبا جو حصو آهي ۽ اھا ڪيوبا کان ليز تي ورتل آھي ان جي زميني سرحد 28.5 ڪ.م. آهي. ھن ملڪ جي ساحلي سرحد 19,924 ڪ. م. آھي ۽ ان جي سرحدي حد سمنڊ طرف 12 ناٽيڪل ميل آھي. ملڪ جو ساحلي معاشي زون سمنڊ طرف 200 ناٽيڪل ميل
آھي.آمريڪا جي سمند جي سطح کان سراسري بلندي 720 ميٽر آھي. ان جو سڀ کان اونھو مقام [[موت جي وادي]] (Death Valley)آھي جيڪا سمند جي سطح کان 86 ميٽر اونھي آھي. سڀ کان اوچو مقام [[مائونٽ ميڪ ڪنلي]](McKinley) ۾ [[ڊينالي]](Denali) آهي جيڪو 6,190 ميٽر اوچو آهي.قدرتي وسيلن ۾ ھتي [[ڪوئلو]] ،[[ٽامو]]، [[شيھو]]، [[موليبيڊنيم]]، [[فاسفيٽ]]، [[يورينيم]]، [[باڪسائيٽ]]، [[سون]]، [[لوھ]]، [[پارو]]، [[نڪل]]، [[پوٽاش]]، [[چاندي]] , [[ٽنگسٽن]]، [[جست]]، [[پيٽرول]] [[عمارتي ڪاٺ]] جي دولت سان ڀريل آهي. دنيا م ڪوئلي جا سڀ کان گھڻا ذخيرا ھن ملڪ  اھن جيڪي  491 ارب ٽن آھن جيڪي سڄي دنيا جي ڪوئلي جو 27 سيڪڙو آھن.
ھن ملڪ جي  44.5 سيڪڙو زمين زرخيز آهي جنھن جو  16.8 سيڪڙو زمين تي پوک ٿيندي آهي جنھن مان 3 سيڪڙو تي مستقل پوک ٿيندي آهي، 27.4 سيڪڙو زمين تي چراگاھون آھن ۽ 33.3 سيڪڙو تي ٻيلا آھن.2012 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبپاشي واري زمين  264,000 چورس ڪلوميٽر  ھئي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
هن ملڪ جي گڏيل رياستن جو سرڪاري نالو “United States of America” آهي.”-آمريڪا-“ نالو، هڪ اٽالين جهازي امريگو وسپوسي جي نالي تي رکيو ويو، جيڪو 1497ع ۾ هتي آيو هو. -آمريڪا- جي -اتر- ۾ ڪيناڊا، -اوڀر- ۾ ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ، ڏکڻ ۾ ميڪسيڪو ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو نار]] ۽ اولهه ۾ پيسفِڪ سمنڊ آهن. گڏيل رياستن تي ٻڌل -آمريڪا-، ڪيناڊا ۽ ميڪسيڪو جي وچ ۾ آهي. هن جي هڪ رياست هوائي ٻيٽ سان فرانسسڪو کان 3870 ڪلوميٽر (2400 ميل) ڏکڻ اولهه طرف آهي. اڀرندي ۽ الهندي وارن علائقن ۾ ڊگھا جابلو سلسلا آهن. -آمريڪا- جي ڪل پکيڙ 9،160،454 چورس ڪلوميٽر (3،535،935 چورس ميل) ۽ آبادي 28 ڪروڙ آهي، گاديءَ جو هنڌ واشنگٽن (Washington) ۽ سڀ کان مٿانهون هنڌ مائونٽ ميڪنلي (6194 ميٽر) آهي. هن ملڪ جي سرڪاري -ٻولي- -انگريزي- ۽ ڪرنسي يو -ايس- ڊالر آهي، جيڪا دنيا جي وڌيڪ هلندڙ ۽ اهم ڪرنسي آهي. -آمريڪا- جي موسم، مختلف علائقن جي آبهوا جي حوالي سان مختلف آهي. گھڻي قدر موسم -ٿڌي- ۽ خوشگوار رهندي آهي. -آمريڪا- جي زرعي پيداوار ۾ ڪپهه، ڪڻڪ، جؤ، مڪئي، پٽاٽا، سويابين، داليون، ميوا ۽ ڀاڄيون آهن. مکيه صنعتن ۾ جهاز سازي، هٿيار، ميزائيل وغيره، پيٽروليم جون شيون، ڀاڻ، لوهه، موٽر گاڏيون، سيمنٽ، ڪپڙو، اليڪٽرانڪ -اوزار-، ڪيميائي شيون، دوائون، ڪمپيوٽر، پلاسٽڪ شامل آهن ۽ مکيه معدنيات ۾ -تيل-، ڪوئلو، -ٽامو-، موليڊنيم، فاسفيٽ، يورينيم، باڪسائٽ، سون، لوهه، پارو، نقل، پوٽاش ۽ -ٽنگسٽن شامل آهن.&lt;ref&gt;[http://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=آمريڪا آمريڪا : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;

== آبادي ۽ ڊيموگرافي ==

جولائي 2017 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبادي  326,625,791 ھئي جنھن مطابق ھي ملڪ دنيا جو ٽيون نمبر وڏو ملڪ آهي.جستان جي ماڻهن کي آمريڪي يا امريڪن سڏيو ويندو آهي.ھتسم جا 72.4 سيڪڙو ماڻهو گورا، 12.6 سيڪڙو ڪارا، 4.8 سيڪڙو ايشيائي، 0.9 سيڪڙو ريڊ انڊين ۽ الاسڪا جا اصلي رھاڪو،0.2 سيڪڙو ھوائين ۽ٻياپئسفڪ ٻيٽن جا رھاڪو، ۽ باقي 6.2 سيڪڙو ٻيا.

[[فائل:Most common ancestries in the United States.svg|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن ۾ غالب نسل&lt;br&gt;{{Legend0|#0075ff|[[جرمن آمريڪي|جرمن]]}} {{Legend0|#ff0000|''[[آمريڪن نسل وارو ماڻھو|آمريڪي نسل]]''}} {{Legend0|#ff7500| [[ميڪسيڪن آمريڪي|ميڪسيڪن]]}} {{Legend0|#007500|[[آئرش آمريڪي|آئرش]]}} {{Legend0|#00ffff|[[آفريڪن آمريڪي|آفريڪي]]}} {{Legend0|#7500ff|[[اطالوي آمريڪي|اطالوي]]}} {{Legend0|#750075|[[انگريزي نسل وارا آمريڪي|انگريز]]}} {{Legend0|#ffff00|[[جپاني آمريڪي|جپاني]]}} {{Legend0|#d93190|[[پورٽوريڪي]]}}]]

انگريزي ڳالهائيندڙن جو تعداد ھن ملڪ ۾ 79 سيڪڙو آھي، اسپيني 13 سيڪڙو، انڊو يورپين ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 3.7 سيڪڙو ، ايشيا ۽ پيسفڪ جون ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 3.4 سيڪڙو، باقي ٻيون ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 1 سيڪڙو.
آمريڪا جي وفاق جي ڪابہ سرڪاري ٻولي ناھي پر انگريزي 50 مان 32 رياستن جي سرڪاري ٻولي بڻجي وئي آھي. ھوائين بہ ھوائي رياست جي سرڪاري ٻولي آھي.
ھتان جي 46.5 سيڪڙو آبادي پروٽيسٽنٽ آھي، رومن ڪيٿولڪ ھتي 20.8 سيڪڙو ،يھودي 1.9 سيڪڙو، مورمن (Mormon)1.6  سيڪڙو، ٻيا عيسائي 0.9 سيڪڙو، 0.9 سيڪڙو  مسلمان، 0.8 سيڪڙو يھوا جا شاھد، 0.7سيڪڙو  ٻڌ، 0.7 سيڪڙو ھندو، ۽ 1.8 سيڪڙو ٻيا مذھب
۽ 22.8 سيڪڙو لامذھب آھن
2017 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبادي جي واڌ جي شرح 0.81 سيڪڙو ھئي. 2018 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي شھري آبادي ملڪ جي آبادي جو 82.3 سيڪڙو ھئي.واشينگٽن جي آبادي 2015 ۾ 4.955 ملين ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}{{مئل ڳنڍڻو|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

{{US Census population
|1610= 350
|1620= 2302
|1630= 4646
|1640= 26634
|1650= 50368
|1660= 75058
|1670= 111935
|1680= 151507
|1690= 210372
|1700= 250888
|1710= 331711
|1720= 466185
|1730= 629445
|1740= 905563
|1750= 1170760
|1760= 1593625
|1770= 2148076
|1780= 2780369
|1790= 3929214
|1800= 5308483
|1810= 7239881
|1820= 9638453
|1830= 12866020
|1840= 17069453
|1850= 23191876
|1860= 31443321
|1870= 38558371
|1880= 50189209
|1890= 62979766
|1900= 76212168
|1910= 92228496
|1920= 106021537
|1930= 123202624
|1940= 132164569
|1950= 151325798
|1960= 179323175
|1970= 203211926
|1980= 226545805
|1990= 248709873
|2000= 281421906
|2010= 308745538
|align=right
|estyear=2017&lt;ref name=&quot;census1&quot;/&gt;
|estimate=325719178
|footnote=1610–1780 population data.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=CT1970p2-13: Colonial and Pre-Federal Statistics |url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/statcomp/documents/CT1970p2-13.pdf |website=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=August 20, 2015 |page=1168 |date=2004}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;Note that the census numbers do&lt;br/&gt;not include [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] until 1860.&lt;ref name=&quot;Census1860&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |title=Historical Census Statistics On Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For Large Cities And Other Urban Places In The United States  |website=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=May 28, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

== سياسي انتظام ۽ حڪومت ==

=== آمريڪا جو نالو ===
[[فائل:Amerigo Vespucci - Project Gutenberg etext 19997.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|کاٻو|امیریگو وسپوچی جی خیالی تصویر]]

آمريڪا جو نالو اٽلي جي کوجنا ڪندڙ جھازران ۽ ڪارٽوگرافر (نقشن ٺاھڻ جو ماھر) اميريگو وسپوچي (Amerigo Vespucci) (جنم: 1454؛ وفات:1512) جي نالي مان نڪتل آهي. جيڪو لاطيني اچار ۾ آمريڪس سڏبو هو جنھن مان وري بدلجي آمريڪا ٿي ويو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== وفاق ۽ رياستون ===
حڪومت جو قسم آئيني وفاقي ريپبلڪ آهي جنھن جو گاديءَ جو هنڌ واشنگٽن ڊي.سي. آهي جنھن جو محل وقوع 38 53 N, 77 02 W آھي.ملڪ جي وفاق ۾ 50 رياستون آھن جيڪي ڇھن ثائيم زونن ۾ اچن ٿيون.ام کان علاوه ھڪ ضلعو ڊسٽرڪٽ آف ڪولمبيا آھي جيڪو انھن رياستن کان علاوه آھي جنھن ۾ واشنگٽن شھر واقع آهي.رياستن جا نالا ھيٺ ڏجن ٿا:
#[[الاباما]] (Alabama)
#[[الاسڪا]] (Alaska)
#[[ايرزونا]] (Arizona)
#[[ارڪنسا]] (Arkansas)
#[[ڪيليفورنيا]] (California)
#[[ڪولراڊو]] (Colorado)
#[[ڪونيڪٽيڪٽ]] (Connecticut)
#[[ڊيلويئر]] (Delaware)
#[[فلوريڊا]] (Florida)
#[[جارجيا (آمريڪي رياست)|جارجيا]] (Georgia)
#[[ھوائي]] (Hawaii)
#[[آئيڊاھو]] (Idaho)
#[[الينوائي]] (Illinois)
#[[انڊيانا]] (Indiana)
#[[آيووا]] (Iowa)
#[[ڪنساس]] (Kansas)
#[[ڪنٽاڪي]] (Kentucky)
#[[لوئزيانا]] (Louisiana)
#[[مئن]] (Maine)
#[[ميري لينڊ]] (Maryland)
#[[مئسچوسٽس]] (Massachusetts)
#[[مشي گن]] (Michigan)
#[[منيسوٽا]] (Minnesota)
#[[مسيسيپي]] (Mississippi)
#[[مسوري]] (Missouri)
#[[مونٽانا]] (Montana)
#[[نبراسڪا]] (Nebraska)
#[[نويڊا]] (Nevada)
#[[نيو ھئمپشائر]] (New Hampshire)
#[[نيو جرسي]] (New Jersey)
#[[نيو ميڪسيڪو]] (New Mexico) 
#[[نيو يارڪ]] (New York)
#[[نارٿ ڪيرولينا]] (North Carolina)
#[[نارٿ ڊڪوٽا]] (North Dakota)
#[[اوھيو]] (Ohio)
#[[اوڪلاھاما]] (Oklahoma)
#[[اوريگون|اوريگان]] (Oregon)
#[[پينسلوانيا]](Pennsylvania)
#[[رھوڊ آئلينڊ]] ( Rhode Island )
#[[سائوٿ ڪيرولينا]] (South Carolina)
#[[سائوٿ ڊڪوٽا]] (South Dakota)
#[[ٽينيسي|ٽنيسي]] (Tennessee)
#[[ٽيڪساس]] (Texas)
#[[يوٽا]] (Utah)
#[[ورمونٽ]] (Vermont)
#[[ورجينيا]] (Virginia)
#[[واشنگٽن]] (Washington)
#[[ويسٽ ورجينيا]] (West Virginia)
#[[وسڪونسن|وسڪانسن]] (Wisconsin)
#[[ويومنگ]] (Wyoming)

{{multiple image
 | align             = کاٻو
 | direction         = vertical
 | caption_align     = center
 | image1            = Capitol Building Full View.jpg
 | caption1          = گاديءَ جو هنڌ &lt;br/&gt; جتي ڪانگريس واقع آهي&lt;br/&gt; کاٻي پاسي سينيٽ ۽ساڄي پاسي ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
 | image2            = WhiteHouseSouthFacade.JPG
 | caption2          = وائيٽ ھائوس: آمريڪا جي صدر جو گھر ۽ آفيس
 | image3            = USSupremeCourtWestFacade.JPG
 | caption3          = سپريم ڪورٽ بلڊنگ
}}

[[فائل:US states by date of statehood3 frame.png|alt=آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين]]

[[فائل:US states by date of statehood3.gif|alt=آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين]]

=== آمريڪي اختيار وارا علائقا ===
[[فائل:US.EEZ Pacific centered NOAA map.png|thumb|کاٻو| آمريڪا جو معاشي زون وارو نقشو جنھن ۾ سامونڊي حد ۽ قبضي وارا علائقا ڏيکاريل آهن.]]
ھيٺين علائقن ۾ آمريڪي حڪومت جو اختيار آهي.
*[[امريڪن ساموا]] (American Samoa)
*[[بيڪر آئلينڊ]] (Baker Island)
*[[گئام]] (Guam)
*[[ھائو لينڊ آئلينڊ]] (Howland Island)
*[[جاروس آئلينڊ]] (Jarvis Island)
*[[جانسٽن ايٽول]] (Johnston Atoll)
*[[ناواسا آئلينڊ]] (Navassa Island)
*[[نادرن مرينا آئلينڊس|اتر ماريانا آئلينڊز]] (Northern Mariana Islands)
*[[پيلمائرا ايٽول]] (Palmyra Atoll)
*[[پورٽو ريڪو]] (Puerto Rico)
*[[ورجن آئلينڊس|ورجن آئلينڊز]] (Virgin Islands)
*[[ويڪ آئلينڊ]] (Wake Island)

=== خودمختياري ===

ھن ملڪ 4 جولائي 1776 برطانيا بڻ کان خودمختياري حاصل ڪئي ان ڪري اھو ڏينھن آمريڪا ۾ قومي ڏينھن ۽ موڪل جو ڏينهن آھي  .3 سيپٽمبر 1783 ۾ برطانيا ان جي خودمختياري کي تسليم ڪيو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== قانوني سسٽم ===
آمريڪا جي وفاق ۾ سڀني رياستن ۾ سواءِ ھڪ جي ڪامن لا سسٽم آھي. رڳو ھڪ رياست لئوزيانا ۾ نيپولينڪ سول ڪوڊ لاڳو  آھي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== معيشت ==
ھن ملڪ جي معيشت دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي ۽  طاقتور معيشت آھي جنھن جي في ڪس جي ڊي پي 59500 يو.ايس.ڊالر آھي. ھن ملڪ جون ڪمپنيون ڪمپيوٽر, دوائن، ايئرواسپيس ۽ فوجي سازوسامان  جي ٽيڪنالاجي ۾ دنيا اندر ھراول آهن.  فوجي ٽيڪنالاجي جي دنيا اندر اھميت گھٽجڻ ڪري پرچيزنگ پاور پئرٽي مطابق 2014 ۾ ھن جي معيشت 2014 ۾ ٻئي نمبر تي اچي وئي جو پھرين نمبر تي چين اچي ويو.آمريڪا جي معيشت اڌ کان وڌيڪ ٻاھران درآمد ڪيل تيل تي ھلي ٿي جنھن ڪري تيل جي قيمتن ۾ واڌ معيشت کي گھڻو متاثر ڪري ٿي.
پرچيزنگ پاور پئرٽي يا قوت خريد جي ڀيٽ ۾ آمريڪا جي جي ڊي پي 2017 ۾ 19.36 ٽرلين 
جو ايس ڊالر ھئي.آفيشل ايڪسچينج ريٽ يا مٽاسٽا واري شرح مطابق بہ 19.36 ٽرلين يو.ايس.ڊالر ھئي. 2017 ۾ ملڪ جي مجموعي قومي بچت (Gross national saving) 17.5 سيڪڙو ھئي. ھن ملڪ جي زرعي پيداوار ۾  ڪڻڪ، مڪئي، ٻيا اناج، ميوا، وڏو گوشت، سوئر جو گوشت، سبزيون، ڪپھ، پولٽري، کير جون شيون، مڇي  شامل آهن. آمريڪا جي صنعت پيداوار جي لحاظ کان دنيا جي ٻيون نمبر وڏي صنعت آھي. صنعتي پيداوار ۾ پيٽروليم واريون شيون، گاڏيون، ايئرواسپيس، ٽيلي ڪميونيڪيشن، ڪيميڪل ,  اليڪٽرانڪس، فوڊ پروسيسنگ، صارفن واريون شيون (consumer goods), عمارتي ڪاٺ وارو سامان، کاڻين واري صنعت شامل آهن . آمريڪا ۾ ڪم ڪندڙن يا مزدوري جي سگھ (Labour power) 2017 ۾ 160400000 مزدورن تي مشتمل ھئي ان سگھ م ان سال ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ چوٿين نمبر تي ھيو. ان تعداد ۾ پيشي جي لحاظ کان 0.7 سيڪڙو فارمنگ، فشنگ ۽ فاريسٽري م،  20.3 سيڪڙو مينيوفيڪچرنگ، ٽرانسپورٽ، وغيره ۾ ، 37.3 سيڪڙو مينيجمينٽ، پيشورانہ ۽ فني شعبن ۾، 24.2 سيڪڙو  وڪري ۽ آفيس ورڪ ۾،17.6 سيڪڙو ٻين خدمتن ۾  ان سگھ ۾  بي روزگار  شامل ناھن. 2015 ۾ ملڪ جي 15.1 سيڪڙو آبادي غربت جي لڪير کان ھيٺ زندگي گذاريندڙ ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
=== بجيٽ ===
ھن ملڪ جي 2017 واري بجيٽ ۾ ملڪ جي آمدني 3.336 ٽرلين ڊالر،  خرچ 3.991 ٽرلين ڊالر ھيو. ملڪ جي 17.2 سيڪڙو آمدني ٽيڪس ۽ ٻين محصولن مان حاصل ٿي جيڪڏهنان ۾ سوشل سڪيورٽي وغيره کي بہ شامل ڪجي تہ پوءِ  ٽيڪس ۽ محصولن جي آمدني 22 سيڪڙو ھئي.2017 ۾ بجيٽ جو خسارو 3.4 سيڪڙو ھيو.ملڪ جو 2017 ۾ ڪرنٽ اڪائونٽ بيلنس 462 بلين ڊالر ھيو . ملڪ جون برآمدات 1.576 ٽرلين ڊالر ۽ درامدات 2.352 ٽرلين ڊالر ھيون . پرڏيهي مٽاسٽا لاء ذخيرو ۽ سون 117.3 بلين ڊالر ھيو.   &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== توانائي ==
[[فائل:UnitedStatesPowerGrid.jpg|thumb|آمريڪا جون بجلي جي ٽرانسميشن جون گرڊ اسٽيشنون جن جون {{convert|300000|km|mi|abbr=on}} 500 ڪمپنيون ھلائڻ ٿيون ۽نارٿ آمريڪن اليڪٽرڪ رلائبلٽي ڪارپوريشن انھن سڀني جي نگراني ڪندڙ آھي]]
ھن ملڪ جي 100 سيڪڙو آبادي بجلي سان مستفيد آھي.2015 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي بجلي جي پيداوار 4.088 کرب ڪلو واٽ ھئي.ان ڀيٽ سان ھي دنيا جو بجلي پيدا ڪندڙ ٻيون نمبر وڏو ملڪ ھيو. ساڳي سال بجلي جي کپت ھن ملڪ ۾ 3.911 کرب ڪلو واٽ ھئي. 2016 ۾ ھن ملڪ 9.695 ارب ڪلو واٽ بجلي برآمد ڪئي ۽ 80.66 ارب ڪلو واٽ بجلي درآمد ڪئي. ھن ملڪ جي بجلي جي پيداوار 2015 ۾ 70.6 سيڪڙو تيل تي ،9.2 سيڪڙو نيوڪليئر، 7.4 سيڪڙو ھائڊرل يا پاڻي واري توانائيءَ تي ۽ 10.7 سيڪڙو ٻي توانائي تي ٿيندي آهي.2016 ۾ ملڪ ۾ ڪچي تيل جي روزاني پيداوار 8.853 
ملين بيرل جي ھئي.ڪچي تيل جي برآمد ساڳي سال روزانو 590900 بيرل ھئي ۽ درآمد روزانو 7.85 ملين بيرل ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== مواصلات ==
ملڪ ۾ ٽيلیفون جا لڳل ڪنيڪشن 121.53 ملين آھن. جولاء، 2016ع جي صورتحال مطابق ملڪ 100 سيڪڙو آبادي انھن جو استعمال ڪندڙ آھي ۽ ان لحاظ کان ٻين ملڪن جي ڀيٽ ۾ ھي ملڪ ٽڪ ٽئين نمبر تي آهي. جولاء، 2016ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ موبائل فون جا 395.881 ملین ڪنيڪشن ھيا۽ ملڪ جي 100 سيڪڙو آبادي انھن کان مستفيد ھئي ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ ھي دنيا جو چوٿون نمبر وڏو ملڪ هيو. ملڪ جو فون جو مواصلاتي نظام جديد ترين ٽيڪنالاجيءَ وارو آھي جنھن ۾ [[فائبر آپٽڪ ڪيبل]]، [[مائڪرو ويو ريڊيو رلي]](microwave radio relay)، [[ڪوايڪسل ڪيبل]](coaxial cable) ۽ [[ڊوميسٽڪ سيٽلائيٽ سسٽم]] شامل آھن. ھن ملڪ جو [[انٽرنيشنل ڪنٽري ڪوڊ]] نمبر 1 آھي. ملڪ جو [[انٽرنيٽ ڪنٽري ڪوڊ]] .us آھي. جولاء،2016ع ۾ انٽرنيٽ جي استعمال ڪندڙن جو تعداد24,68,09,221 ھيو جيڪو ڪل آبادي جو 76.2 سيڪڙو ھيو ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ جي دنيا جو چوٿون وڏو ملڪ هيو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ٽرانسپورٽ ==
[[فائل:Map of current Interstates.svg|thumb|کاٻو|بين الرياستي روڊن جو ڄار  جنھن جي ڊيگھ جملي {{convert|46876|mi|km}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Interstate FAQ (Question #3) |publisher=Federal Highway Administration |year=2006 |url=http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/interstate/faq.htm#question3 |accessdate=March 4, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[فائل:North America Passenger Trains.png|thumb|کاٻو|&lt;center&gt;ريلوي نظام {{nowrap|
[[ShareMap:special/North America Passenger Trains|اندروني ملڪئ جو ريلوي نظام جو نقشو
]] &lt;/center&gt;]]

سال 2016ع ۾ سرڪاري ھوائي ٽرانسپورٽ ۾ ھن ملڪ جي رجسٽرڊ جھازن جو تعداد 92 آھي. غير سرڪاري ٽرانسپورٽ جو رجسٽرڊ تعداد 6817 آهي. ساليانو 798.23 ملين ماڻھو جھازن ۾ سفر ڪن ٿا. سال2013ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ ھوائي اڏن جو تعداد 13,513 ھيو ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ پھرين نمبر تي آهي. ملڪ ۾  پيوڊ رن وي(paved runway)  وارا ايئر پورٽ 5,054 آھن. ان پيوڊ رن وي (unpaved runway) وارا ھوئي اڏا 8459 آھن. سال 2013ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ ھيلي ڪاپٽرن جا اڏا يا ھيلي پورٽ (Heliports) جو تعداد 5,287 آھي. ملڪ ۾ 2013ع ۾ قدرتي گيس جي پائيپن جي ڪل ڊيگھ 19,84,321 ڪلوميٽر ۽ پيٽرول جي پائيپ لائين جي ڊيگھ 2,40,711 ڪلوميٽر ھئي. ريلوي لائين جي ڊيگھ ساڳي سال 2,93,564.2 ڪلوميٽر ھئي.

ملڪ ۾ روڊن جي ڊيگھ 65,86,610 ڪلوميٽر جنھن ۾ پيوڊ روڊن (paved road) جي ڊيگھ 43,04,715 ڪلوميٽر، ايڪسپريس وي ۾ 76,334 ڪلوميٽر ۽ ان پيوڊ  روڊن (unpaved roads) جا 2,81,895 ڪلوميٽر شامل آهن. روڊن جي ڊيگھ ۾ ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ پھريون نمبر آھي. ملڪ جي واپاري بحري جهازن، ٻيڙن ۽ ٽينڪرن جو تعداد 3,611 آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ملڪ جو دفاع ==
ملڪ ۾ دفاع جو خرچ 2012 ۾ جي.ڊي.پي.جو 4.24 سيڪڙو ھيو جيڪو 2016 ۾ گھٽجي 3.29 تي پھتو. 2016 ٻين ملڪن جي ڀيٽ ۾ آمريڪا دفاع جي خرچ ۾ 25 نمبر تي ھيو. ملڪ ۾ فوج  يو ايس آرمي، يو ايس نيوي، يو ايس ايئر فورس۽ يو ايس ڪوسٽ گارڊ تي مشتمل آهي. ڪوسٽ گارڊ امن واري حالت ۾ ھوم لينڊ سڪيورٽي جي ماتحت ڪم ڪندا آهن ۽ جنگ جي حالت ۾ نيوي جي شعبي ۾ رپورٽ ڪندا آهن. فوج ۾ ڀرتي جي عمر 18 سال آهي پر جي والدين مرضي ڏيکارين تہ سترھن سال ۾ ڀرتي ٿي سگھي ٿي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==صحت== 
==تعليم==
آمريڪي پرائمري ۽ ثانوي تعليم (جنهن کي آمريڪا ۾ K-12 جي نالي سان سڃاتو وڃي ٿو، &quot;ڪندر گارٽن کان 12 هين گريڊ&quot;) غير مرڪزي آهي. اهو رياست، علائقائي، ۽ ڪڏهن ڪڏهن ميونسپل حڪومتن طرفان هلايو ويندو آهي ۽ يو ايس ڊپارٽمينٽ آف ايجوڪيشن پاران منظم ڪيو ويندو آهي. عام طور تي، ٻارن کي پنجن يا ڇهن سالن جي عمر (ڪنڊرگارٽن يا فرسٽ گريڊ) کان وٺي اسڪول يا منظور ٿيل هوم اسڪول ۾ وڃڻ جي ضرورت آهي جيستائين اهي 18 سالن جي عمر ۾ نه ٿين. اهو اڪثر ڪري شاگردن کي 12 هين گريڊ ذريعي آڻيندو آهي، يو ايس هاءِ اسڪول جو آخري سال، پر ڪجهه رياستون ۽ علائقا انهن کي، 16 يا 17 سالن جي عمر ۾ اسڪول ڇڏڻ جي اجازت ڏين ٿا. آمريڪا دنيا جي ڪنهن به ملڪ جي ڀيٽ ۾ في شاگرد تعليم تي وڌيڪ خرچ ڪري ٿو 12,794 يو ايس ڊالر في سال في پبلڪ ايليمينٽري ۽ سيڪنڊري اسڪول جو شاگرد (سال 2016-2017ع ۾). آمريڪن جي عمر 25 ۽ ان کان وڌيڪ، 84.6 سيڪڙو هاء اسڪول مان گريجوئيشن ڪئي، 52.6 سيڪڙو ڪجهه ڪاليج ۾ شرڪت ڪئي، 27.2 سيڪڙو بيچلر جي ڊگري حاصل ڪئي ۽ 9.6 سيڪڙو گريجوئيٽ ڊگري حاصل ڪئي. يو ايس خواندگي جي شرح ويجھي آفاقي آھي. ڪنهن به ملڪ ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ نوبل انعام ماڻيندڙ ملڪ آهن، جن ۾ 411 (413 انعام کٽي چڪا آهن). 

يو ايس ٽيٽيري يا اعليٰ تعليم عالمي شهرت حاصل ڪئي آهي. دنيا جون ڪيتريون ئي اعليٰ يونيورسٽيون، جيئن مختلف درجابندي جي تنظيمن طرفان درج ٿيل آهن، آمريڪا ۾ آهن، جن ۾ مٿين 25 مان 19 شامل آهن. آمريڪي اعليٰ تعليم رياستي يونيورسٽين جي نظام تي حاوي آهي، جيتوڻيڪ ملڪ جون ڪيتريون ئي خانگي يونيورسٽيون ۽ ڪاليج م سڀ آمريڪي شاگرد تقريبن 20 سيڪڙو داخلا وٺن ٿا. مقامي ڪميونٽي ڪاليج عام طور تي پيش ڪن ٿا ڪورس ورڪ ۽ ڊگري پروگرام جيڪي ڪاليج جي مطالعي جي پهرين ٻن سالن کي ڍڪيندا آهن. اهي اڪثر ڪري وڌيڪ کليل داخلا پاليسين، ننڍا تعليمي پروگرام، ۽ گهٽ ٽيوشن آهن. جيئن ته اعليٰ تعليم تي سرڪاري خرچن لاءِ، يو ايس او اي سي ڊي جي اوسط کان في شاگرد وڌيڪ خرچ ڪري ٿو ۽ آمريڪي گڏيل سرڪاري ۽ نجي خرچن ۾ سڀني قومن کان وڌيڪ خرچ ڪن ٿا. ڪاليج ۽ يونيورسٽيون جيڪي سڌي طرح وفاقي حڪومت طرفان فنڊ ڪيل آهن ٽيوشن چارج نه ڪندا آهن ۽ فوجي اهلڪارن ۽ سرڪاري ملازمن تائين محدود آهن، جن ۾ شامل آهن: يو ايس سروس اڪيڊميز، نيوي پوسٽ گريجوئيٽ اسڪول ۽ فوجي اسٽاف ڪاليج. شاگردن جي قرض جي معافي جي پروگرامن جي باوجود، شاگردن جي قرضن جو قرض گذريل ڏهاڪي ۾ 102٪ وڌي ويو آهي ۽ سال 2022ع تائين 1.7 ٽريلين ڊالرن کان وڌي ويو آهي. 

==ثقافت ۽ سماج==
آمريڪي مشهور ثقافت دنيا جي ڪيترن ئي هنڌن تي وڃي ٿو.&lt;ref&gt;
{{Cite magazine|last1=Fergie|first1=Dexter|last2=Pinkham|first2=Sophie|last3=Pinkham|first3=Sophie|last4=Kindley|first4=Evan|last5=Kindley|first5=Evan|last6=Kirsch|first6=Adam|last7=Kirsch|first7=Adam|last8=Dickey|first8=Colin|last9=Dickey|first9=Colin|date=2022-03-24|title=How American Culture Ate the World|magazine=The New Republic|url=https://newrepublic.com/article/165836/american-culture-ate-world-righteous-smokescreen-globalization-review|access-date=2023-04-01|issn=0028-6583}}&lt;/ref&gt;
اهو اڪثر هنڌن تي، خاص طور تي مغربي دنيا تي وڏو اثر آهي. آمريڪي ميوزڪ هر جڳهه آهي، ۽ آمريڪي فلمون ۽ ٽيليويزن شوز اڪثر ملڪن ۾ ڏسي سگهجن ٿا.

=== وفاقی موڪلون ===
تاريخ.     نالو.           وضاحت. 
جنوري 1. نئين سال جو ڏينهن. سال جي شروعات کي جشن ملهائي ٿو. 

2. 3rd سومر جنوري ۾. مارٽن لوٿر ڪنگ، جونيئر ڊي. اعزاز ڊاڪٽر مارٽن لوٿر ڪنگ، جونيئر، هڪ آفريڪي-آمريڪي شهري حقن جو اڳواڻ. 

3. فيبروري ۾ 3rd سومر. صدر جو ڏينهن. سڀني آمريڪي صدرن کي عزت ڏئي ٿو، پر خاص طور تي جارج واشنگٽن (پيدائش فيبروري 22، 1722) ۽ ابراهيم لنڪن (پيدائش فيبروري 12، 1812). 

4. مئي ۾ آخري سومر. يادگار ڏينهن. عزت وارا ماڻهو جيڪي فوج ۾ خدمت ڪندي مري ويا ۽ اونهاري جي روايتي شروعات کي نشانو بڻايو. 

5. جون 19. جون ٽيون. 1865 ۾ سڀني غلامن جي آزاديء کي تسليم ڪيو. 

6. 4 جولاءِ آزاديءَ جو ڏهاڙو. جشن آزاديءَ جو اعلان، ”جولاءِ جي چوٿين“ جي نالي سان پڻ مشهور آهي. 

7. سيپٽمبر ۾ 1st سومر. مزدورن جو ڏينهن. ڪارڪنن جي ڪاميابين کي جشن ڪري ٿو ۽ اونهاري جي روايتي پڄاڻي کي نشانو بڻائيندو آهي. 

8. آڪٽوبر ۾ 2nd سومر. ڪولمبس جو ڏينهن يا انديشي ماڻهن جو ڏينهن. ڪولمبس جو ڏهاڙو ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس جو اعزاز ڏئي ٿو، جنهن يورپ لاءِ آمريڪا دريافت ڪيو ۽ انديشي ماڻهن جو ڏينهن آمريڪا جي مقامي ماڻهن کي اعزاز ڏئي ٿو؛ رياستون هڪ يا نه ملهائي سگهن ٿيون. 

10. نومبر 11. ويٽرنس ڊي. سڀني ماڻهن کي عزت ڏئي ٿو جيڪي فوج ۾ خدمت ڪئي (ماضي ۽ موجوده). 

11. 4th خميس نومبر ۾. شڪر. موسم خزاں جي فصل کي جشن ملهائي ٿو ۽ &quot;ڇڏيل موسم&quot; جي روايتي شروعات کي نشانو بڻائيندو آهي. 

12. ڊسمبر 25. ڪرسمس. يسوع مسيح جي پيدائش کي جشن ملهائي ٿو (غير عيسائي ان کي سياري جي موڪل جي طور تي جشن ڪندا آهن).

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!width=150| Date&lt;ref name=&quot;cornell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/6103 |title=5 U.S. Code § 6103 – Holidays |publisher=[[Cornell University Law School]] - Legal Information Institute |website=www.law.cornell.edu |access-date=2014-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709203348/https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/6103 |archive-date=July 9, 2017 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! Name
! Description
|-
| January 1
| [[New Year's Day]]
| Celebrates the beginning of the year
|-
| 3rd Monday in January
| [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]] Day
| Honors Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., an [[African-American]] [[civil rights]] leader
|-
| 3rd Monday in February
| [[President's Day]]
| Honors all of the American presidents, but specifically [[George Washington]] (born February 22, 1722) and [[Abraham Lincoln]] (born February 12, 1812)
|-
| Last Monday in May
| [[Memorial Day]]
| Honors people who died while serving in the military and marks the traditional start of [[summer]]
|-
| June 19
| [[Juneteenth]]
| Recognizes the freeing of all [[Slavery in the United States|slaves]] in 1865
|-
| July 4
| [[US Independence Day|Independence Day]]
| Celebrates the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]], also known as &quot;The Fourth of July&quot;
|-
| 1st Monday in September
| [[Labor Day]]
| Celebrates the achievements of workers and marks the traditional end of summer
|-
| 2nd Monday in October
| [[Columbus Day]] or [[Indigenous Peoples' Day]]
| Columbus Day honors [[Christopher Columbus]], who discovered [[the Americas]] for [[Europe]] and Indigenous Peoples' Day honors the native people of the US; states may celebrate one or neither
|-
| November 11
| [[Veterans Day]]
| Honors all people who served in the [[military]] (past and present)
|-
| 4th Thursday in November
| [[Thanksgiving]]
| Celebrates the [[autumn]] [[harvest]] and marks the [[tradition]]al beginning of the &quot;holiday season&quot;
|-
| December 25
| [[Christmas]]
| Celebrates the [[birth]] of [[Jesus Christ]] (non-[[Christian]]s celebrate it as a [[winter]] holiday)
|}

===پرچم===
:
[[File:Flag of the United States.svg|thumb|The US flag]]

آمريڪي پرچم. 

آمريڪي پرچم نيري پس منظر تي 50 تارن تي مشتمل آهي ۽ 13 پٽيون آهن، ست ڳاڙهي ۽ ڇهه اڇیون. اهو گڏيل قومن جي ڪيترن ئي علامتن مان هڪ آهي جهڙوڪ بالڊ ايگل. 50 تارا 50 رياستن جي نمائندگي ڪن ٿا. ڳاڙھو جرئت لاء بيٺل آھي، نيرو انصاف لاء بيٺل آھي، ۽ اڇو امن ۽ صفائي جي نمائندگي ڪري ٿو. 13 پٽي 13 اصلي نوآبادين جي نمائندگي ڪن ٿا. 
===کاڌا===
هيمبرگر آمريڪا جي مشهور خوراڪ مان هڪ آهي. آمريڪا ۾ فاسٽ فوڊ ڪيترن ئي علائقائي کاڌن جو گهر آهي جهڙوڪ ڏکڻ آمريڪا جو کاڌو، جنهن کي ڏاکڻي کاڌي جي نالي سان پڻ سڃاتو وڃي ٿو. هتي چيني، يوناني، جاپاني، اطالوي ۽ ميڪسيڪو کاڌي جا آمريڪي نسخا آهن. اصلي آمريڪن کاڌ خوراڪ اصل آمريڪين جو کاڌو آھي. دنيا جي ڪيترن ئي ملڪن ۾ آمريڪي وينجن جو تمام گهڻو اثر آهي. آمريڪي کاڌي ۾ اصلي آمريڪي، برطانوي، فرينچ، جرمن ۽ اسپيني اثرات آهن. روح کاڌو روايتي ڏکڻ آفريڪا آمريڪي کاڌو آهي. 
===موسيقي=== 
آمريڪا ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ مشهور صنفون راڪ اينڊ رول، پاپ، ڪنتری، آر اينڊ بي ۽ هپ هاپ آهن. اصلي آمريڪي موسيقي آمريڪا جي مقامي موسيقي آهي. 


The [[American flag]] is made up of 50 stars on a blue background and has 13 stripes, seven red and six white. It is one of many symbols of the United States like the [[Bald Eagle]]. The 50 stars represent the 50 states. The red stands for [[courage]], the blue stands for [[justice]], and the white represents [[peace]] and [[cleanliness]]. The 13 stripes represent the [[Thirteen Colonies|13 original colonies.]]&lt;ref&gt;USA Flag Meaning. 2009 Retrieved from [https://web.archive.org/web/20071206041914/http://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/usa-flag/usa-flag-meaning.html http://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/usa-flag/usa-flag-meaning.html] on 16th of September 2010&lt;/ref&gt;

Cuisine
:
A [[hamburger]] is one of the popular foods of the United States. [[Fast food]] in the United States is home to many regional cuisines such as the [[Cuisine of the Southern United States]], also known as Southern food. There are Americanized versions of Chinese, Greek, Japanese, Italian and Mexican cuisine. Native American cuisine is the cuisine of the indigenous [[Native Americans]]. A lot of American dishes are influenced by many countries around the world. American cuisine has Native American, British, French, German, and Spanish influences.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=The Founders of American Cuisine: Seven Cookbook Authors, with Historical Recipes| isbn=9780786458691 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=XiKhBAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=american+cuisine+is+influenced+by+german+spanish&amp;pg=PA8| last1=Haff | first1=Harry | date=8 February 2011 | publisher=McFarland }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Soul food]] is traditional southern African American food.

Music
:
The most popular genres in the United States are [[rock and roll]], [[pop music|pop]], [[country music|country]], [[R&amp;B]], and [[hip hop]]. [[Native American#Music|Native American music]] is the indigenous music of the United States.

===رانديون===
[[File:Wilson opening day 1916.jpg|thumb|In American baseball games, sometimes the president throws the first ball.]]

آمريڪي بيس بال جي راندين ۾، ڪڏهن ڪڏهن صدر پهريون بال اڇلائي ٿو. 

اصلي آمريڪن يورپين جي اچڻ کان اڳ لاڪروس کيڏيو. بيس بال آمريڪا لاءِ ملڪي راند آهي، ۽ آمريڪي فٽبال سڀ کان مشهور راند آهي. باسڪيٽ بال آمريڪا ۾ پڻ تمام گهڻو مشهور آهي، جنهن کي آمريڪا جي پنهنجي ليگ آهي جنهن کي NBA سڏيو ويندو آهي. 
===وڊيو گيمز===
آمريڪا جي وڊيو گيم انڊسٽري ڪنهن به ملڪ جي وڏي ۾ وڏي آهي. اهو چين کان پوءِ وڊيو گيمز لاءِ ٻيو نمبر وڏو بازار آهي. دنيا جا ڪيترائي وڏا ويڊيو گيم ڊولپر آمريڪا ۾ ٻڌل آهن، جهڙوڪ Take-To Interactive، Electronic Arts، Activision Blizzard، ۽ Xbox Game Studios. 
===ماپ===
آمريڪا واحد ترقي يافته ملڪ آهي جيڪو سرڪاري طور تي ميٽرڪ سسٽم استعمال نٿو ڪري. ان جي بدران، گڏيل قومن جي رواجي يونٽ سرڪاري ماپ جو نظام آهي، جيتوڻيڪ ڪي خاص شعبا جهڙوڪ سائنس ميٽرڪ سسٽم استعمال ڪن ٿا. ماضي ۾ پڻ ميٽرڪ جي ڪوشش ڪئي وئي، خاص طور تي 1970s ۾، پر انهن کي هٽايو ويو آهي.

[[Native Americans]] played [[lacrosse]] before [[Europeans]] arrived.&lt;ref&gt;Liss, Howard. Lacrosse (Funk &amp; Wagnalls, 1970) pg 13.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Baseball]] is the country sport for the United States, and [[American football]] is the most popular sport. Basketball is also very popular in the USA, which the USA has its own league called the [[National Basketball Association|NBA]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Grossman|first=Nadelle|date=2014-01-01|title=What is the NBA?|url=https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/facpub/665|journal=25 Marquette Sports Law Review 101 (2014)|access-date=2022-11-24|archive-date=2022-11-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221124042653/https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/facpub/665/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Video games
:
The [[video game industry]] of the United States is one of the largest of any country. It is the second largest market for video games after China.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Asian countries make up 40% of the world's top 10 video gaming markets|url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/08/which-countries-have-the-largest-video-gaming-markets/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=World Economic Forum|language=en|archive-date=2022-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212045635/https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/08/which-countries-have-the-largest-video-gaming-markets/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Many of the world's largest video game developers are based in the USA, like [[Take-Two Interactive]], [[Electronic Arts]], [[Activision Blizzard]], and [[Xbox Game Studios]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Gray|first=Jasmine|date=2022-08-25|title=The 10 Largest Video Game Companies In The World, And What They Do|url=https://history-computer.com/largest-video-game-companies-in-the-world-and-what-they-do/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=History-Computer|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230115121540/https://history-computer.com/largest-video-game-companies-in-the-world-and-what-they-do/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Measurement:
The United States is the only developed country that doesn't officially use the [[metric system]]. Instead, the [[United States customary units]] are the official measurement system used, though certain fields like [[science]] use the metric system. There were also attempts at [[metrication]] in the past, most notably in the 1970s, but they have been struck down.

==پڻ ڏسو== 
==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
{{Sisterlinks|گڏيل رياستن}}
*
'''حڪومت'''
* [http://www.usa.gov/ Official U.S. Government Web Portal] Gateway to governmental sites
* [http://www.whitehouse.gov/ White House] Official site of the President of the United States
* [https://www.senate.gov/ Senate] Official site of the United States Senate
* [http://www.house.gov/ House] Official site of the United States House of Representatives
* [{{SCOTUS URL}} Supreme Court] Official site of the Supreme Court of the United States
*[https://web.archive.org/web/19990220002603/https://www.loc.gov/index.html Library oongress] Official site of the [[Library of Congress]]

'''جائزو ۽ ڊيٽا'''
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20000829075233/http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/factover/ Portrait of the United States] Overview from the U.S. Information Agency
*[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html United States]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225135647/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html%20 |date=2018-12-25 }}. CIA ''World Factbook'' entry.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060828224303/http://www.britannica.com/nations/United-States United States] ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' entry
*[https://web.archive.org/web/19970101150136/https://www.census.gov/hhes/www/ U.S. Census Housing and Economic Statistics] Wide-ranging data from the U.S. Census Bureau
*[http://www.ers.usda.gov/statefacts/ State Fact Sheets] Population, employment, income, and farm data from the U.S. Economic Research Service
*[http://www.teacheroz.com/states.htm The 50 States of the U.S.A.] Collected informational links for each state

'''تاريخ'''
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080314143240/http://www.nationalcenter.org/HistoricalDocuments.html Historical documents] Collected by the National Center for Public Policy Research
* [http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm U.S. National Mottos: History and Constitutionality]. {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20061212193931/http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm |date=2006-12-12 }}. Analysis by the Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance.
* [http://www.historicalstatistics.org/index2.html USA] Collected links to historical data

'''نقشا'''
* {{Wikiatlas|the United States}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20091021182322/http://www.nationalatlas.gov/ National Atlas of the United States] Official maps from the U.S. Department of the Interior

'''ٻيا'''
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061102175016/http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services] Official government site

{{United States topics}}
{{United States}}
{{North America}}
{{G8}}
{{Group of 7}}
{{North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO)}}

{{Authority control}}

[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستون]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:نيٽو جا ميمبر ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:انگريزي ڳالهائيندڙ ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:اسپيني ڳالھائيندڙ ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:وفاقي آئيني جمهوريتون]]
[[زمرو:جي-7 جا ميمبر ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:جي-8 جا ميمبر ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:جي-20 جا ميمبر ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل قومن جا ڀاتي ملڪ]]
[[Category:1776 establishments in North America]]

==حوالا==
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      <text bytes="66580" sha1="mhoj2i658tx79sqwggvfkwx6l8p94bp" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس آف آمريڪا
| common_name = يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس
| image_flag = Animated-Flag-USA.gif
| image_coat = Great Seal of the United States (obverse).svg
| symbol_type = وڏي مھر
| national_motto = &lt;div style=&quot;padding-bottom:0.5em;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;&quot;پنھنجو ڀروسو خدا تي آ&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{USC|36|302}} ''National motto''&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[#God|Dept. of Treasury, 2011]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{{collapsible list
 |title = ''{{nobold|Other traditional mottos &amp;nbsp;}} ''
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:1.15em;
 |liststyle = text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[E pluribus unum]]&quot;|italics=off}} {{small|(de facto)}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot; ڪيترن مان ھڪ&quot;}}
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[Annuit cœptis]]&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot; ھن (خدا) ئي اسان جي مدد ڪئي آ&quot;}}
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[Novus ordo seclorum]]&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot;ھر دور جي نئين ابتدا &quot;}}
}}
| national_anthem = &quot;چمڪندڙ تارن وارو بينر&quot;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;{{center|[[فائل:Star Spangled Banner instrumental.ogg]]}}
----
{{center|'''March:''' &quot;[[The Stars and Stripes Forever]]&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;national march&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=U.S. Code: Title 36, 304|work=United States Code|location=United States|publisher=Cornell Law School|url=http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode36/usc_sec_36_00000304----000-.html|date=August 12, 1998|accessdate=February 15, 2015|quote=The composition by John Philip Sousa entitled 'The Stars and Stripes Forever' is the national march.}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}&lt;br/&gt;{{center|[[فائل:The Stars and Stripes Forever - U.S. Navy Band.ogg]]}}
| image_map = USA orthographic.svg &lt;!-- consensus map, see talk page --&gt;
| map_caption = يونائٽيڊ اسٽيٽس جنھن ۾ الاسڪا ۽ ھوائي بہ شامل ڏيکاريل آهن
| alt_map = اتر آمريڪا جي کنڊ ۾ يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس سائي رنگ ۾ نمايان
| image_map2 = US insular areas SVG.svg|700px
| alt_map2 = [[يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس ۽ ان جا علائقا|علائقا]]
| map_caption2 = گڏيل آمريڪي رياستون ۽ انھن جا علائقا
| map_width = 220px
| capital = [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]]
| latd = 38
| latm = 53
| latNS = N
| longd = 77
| longm = 01
| longEW = W
| largest_city = [[نيويارڪ سٽي]]&lt;br/&gt;
{{small|{{coord|40|43|N|74|00|W|display=inline}}}}
| official_languages = وفاقي سطح تي ڪابہ سرڪاري ٻولي ناھي
| languages_type = قومي ٻولي
| languages = [[انگريزي ٻولي]]{{ref label|engfactobox|b|}}&lt;!---NOTE: Just English, don't add &quot;American English&quot;---&gt;
| official_religion = ڪوبہ نہ
| demonym = [[آمريڪن]] يا [[آمريڪي]]
| ethnic_groups = *  72.41%: گورا
*12.61% : ڪارا
*9.11%: گھڻ نسلي  
*4.75%: ايشيائي
*1.12% : ريڊ انڊين
| government_type = [[وفاقي]] [[صدارتي]] [[آئيني ريپبلڪ]]
| leader_title1 = [[صدر]]
| leader_name1 = [[ڊونالڊ ٽرمپ]]
| leader_title2 = نائب صدر
| leader_name2 = مائيڪ پينس
| leader_title3 = اسپيڪر آف ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
| leader_name3 = پائل ريئن
| leader_title4 = چيف جسٽس
| leader_name4 = جان رابرٽس
| legislature = ڪانگريس
| upper_house = سينيٽ
| lower_house = ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
| sovereignty_type = &lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
برطانيا کان آزادي &lt;/div&gt;
| established_event1 = آمريڪا جي آزادي جو پڌرنامو
| established_date1 = 4 جولاءِ، 1776ع
| established_event2 = ڪنفيڊريشن جو قيام
| established_date2 = پھرين مارچ، 1781ع
| established_event3 = پيرس معاھدو (1783)
| established_date3 = 3 سيپٽمبر، 1783ع
| established_event4 = آمريڪا جو آئين
| established_date4 = 21 جون، 1788ع
| established_event5 = اتر مرينا ٻيٽ
| established_date5 = 24 مارچ، 1976ع
| area_rank = 3rd/4th
| area_magnitude = 1 E+12
| area_km2 = 98,57,306
| area_sq_mi = 38,05,927
| percent_water = 7.1
| area_label = جملي پکيڙ
| area_label2 = خشڪي جي پکيڙ
| area_data2 = 91,58,022 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;br/&gt;35,35,932 چورس ميل
| area_footnote = 
| population_census_year = 2010ع
| population_census_rank = ٽيون
| population_census = 309,349,689&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.census.gov/popest/data/intercensal/national/tables/US-EST00INT-01.xls PDF].U.S. census department data.&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate = 322,369,319&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popclock/|title=U.S. and World Population Clock|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=December 21, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2016ع
| population_estimate_rank = ٽيون
| population_density_km2 = 35 &lt;!--figures use (population/land area) as of May 2015--&gt;
| population_density_sq_mi = 90.6 &lt;!--figures use (population/land area) as of May 2015--&gt;
| population_density_rank = 180هون
| GDP_PPP_year = 2014ع
| GDP_PPP = 17.419 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_rank = بيون
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = 54,629 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 10هون
| GDP_nominal = 17.419 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2015/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=33&amp;pr.y=7&amp;sy=2014&amp;ey=2015&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=111&amp;s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC&amp;grp=0&amp;a=|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|publisher=IMF}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_nominal_rank = پهريون
| GDP_nominal_year = 2014ع
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = 54,629 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = پنجهون
| Gini_year = 2013ع
| Gini_change = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini = 40.8  &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_ref = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=OECD Income Distribution Database: Gini, poverty, income, Methods and Concepts|url=http://www.oecd.org/els/soc/income-distribution-database.htm|website=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Global inequality: How the U.S. compares|url=http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2013/12/19/global-inequality-how-the-u-s-compares/|website=Pew Research}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Income Distribution and Poverty : by country – INEQUALITY|url=http://stats.oecd.org/index.aspx?queryid=46189|website=OECD}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_year = 2014&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change = increase&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI = 0.915 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr_2015_statistical_annex.pdf |title=2015 Human Development Report  |date=2015 |accessdate=December 14, 2015 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank = 8th
| EF_year = 2007
| EF = {{decrease}} 8.0 gha&lt;ref name=&quot;EF&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.footprintnetwork.org/images/uploads/Ecological_Footprint_Atlas_2010.pdf |title=Ecological Footprint Atlas 2010 |publisher=Global Footprint Network |accessdate=July 11, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| EF_rank = 6th
| currency = آمريڪي ڊالر ($)
| currency_code = USD
| country_code = USA
| utc_offset = −4 to −12, +10, +11
| utc_offset_DST = −4 to −10{{ref label|UTCbox|d|}}
| calling_code = [[North American Numbering Plan|+1]]
| iso3166code = US
| date_format = MM/DD/YYYY
| drives_on = ساڄو پاسو
{{ref label|driving|e|}}
| cctld = {{nowrap|[[.us]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.gov]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.mil]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.edu]]}}
| footnote_a = 
| footnote_b = 
}}
[[فائل:United States (orthographic projection).svg|کاٻو|thumb|300px]]
'''آمريڪا جون گڏيل رياستون''' {{ٻيا نالا|انگريزي= ''' United States of America'''}} جنهن کي '''يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس'''، '''يو ايس''' يا '''آمريڪا''' به چيو ويندو آهي، 50 رياستن تي مشتمل هڪ جمهوري ملڪ آهي.  هي ملڪ اتر آمريڪا کنڊ ۾ واقع آهي. هتان جي گادي جو هنڌ [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]] ۽ سڀ کان وڏو شهر [[نيويارڪ]] آهي. 50 مان 48 رياستون هڪ ئي هنڌ [[ڪئناڊا]] جي ڏکڻ ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو]] جي اتر ۾ واقع آهن، جڏهن ته هڪ رياست [[الاسڪا]] باقي ملڪ کان پري [[ڪئناڊا]] جي اولھه ۾ ۽ ٻي رياست [[هوائي]] باقي ملڪ جي اولھ ۾ [[پيسفڪ سمنڊ|پئسفڪ سمنڊ]] ۾ آهي. آمريڪا جي اتر-اولهه واري رياست [[واشنگٽن رياست]] آهي. آمريڪا جي ڪل آبادي 34 ڪروڙ آهي ۽ هي آبادي جي لحاظ کان دنيا جو  ٽيون وڏو ملڪ آهي. هي ملڪ سال 1776ع ۾ قائم ٿيو. ناڻي ۽ فوجي طاقت جي لحاظ کان دنيا ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ طاقتور آهي.[[فائل:Bald Eagle Portrait.jpg|thumb|upright| بالڊ ايگل جيڪو 1782 کان وٺي آمريڪا جو قومي پکي آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;McDougall2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=Len McDougall |title=The Encyclopedia of Tracks and Scats: A Comprehensive Guide to the Trackable Animals of the United States and Canada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9XOc2_u7z6cC&amp;pg=PA325 |year=2004 |publisher=Lyons Press |isbn=978-1-59228-070-4 |page=325}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

پيلو-انڊين 12,000 سال اڳ کان وڌيڪ بيرنگ زميني پل جي پار لڏي ويا. برطانوي نوآباديات 1607 ۾ ورجينيا ۾ تيرهن ڪالونين جي پهرين آبادي جو سبب بڻيو. ٽيڪس ۽ سياسي نمائندگي تي برطانوي تاج سان ٽڪراءَ آمريڪي انقلاب کي جنم ڏنو، ٻي ڪانٽينينٽل ڪانگريس 4 جولاءِ 1776ع تي آزاديءَ جو باضابطه اعلان ڪيو. انقلابي جنگ (1775-1783)، ملڪ اتر آمريڪا ۾ وڌندو رهيو. جيئن وڌيڪ رياستون داخل ڪيون ويون، غلاميءَ تي سيڪشنل ڊويزن آمريڪا جي ڪنفيڊرٽ رياستن جي علحدگيءَ جو سبب بڻيون، جن 1861-1865 آمريڪي گهرو ويڙهه دوران يونين جي باقي رياستن سان وڙهيو. يونين جي فتح ۽ تحفظ سان، غلامي کي قومي طور تي ختم ڪيو ويو. 1890ع  تائين، آمريڪا پاڻ کي هڪ عظيم طاقت طور قائم ڪيو. ڊسمبر 1941ع ۾ پرل هاربر تي جاپان جي حملي کان پوءِ، آمريڪا ٻي عالمي جنگ ۾ داخل ٿيو. جنگ جي نتيجي ۾ آمريڪا ۽ سوويت يونين کي دنيا جي ٻن سپر پاورن جي طور تي ڇڏي ويو ۽ سرد جنگ جو سبب بڻيو، جنهن دوران ٻنهي ملڪن نظرياتي تسلط ۽ بين الاقوامي اثر رسوخ لاءِ جدوجهد ۾ مصروف ٿي ويا. سوويت يونين جي ٽٽڻ ۽ 1991ع ۾ سرد جنگ جي خاتمي کانپوءِ، آمريڪا دنيا جي واحد سپر پاور طور اڀري آيو. يو ايس جي قومي حڪومت هڪ صدارتي آئيني جمهوريه آهي ۽ لبرل جمهوريت ٽن الڳ شاخن سان: قانون ساز، انتظامي، ۽ عدالتي. هن ۾ هڪ ٻه رڪني قومي قانون سازي آهي جيڪا هائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽوز تي مشتمل آهي، آبادي جي بنياد تي هيٺيون ايوان؛ ۽ سينيٽ، هر رياست جي برابر نمائندگي تي ٻڌل هڪ اپر ايوان. رياستن ۽ ڪيترن ئي علائقن کي انتهائي خودمختياري ڏني وئي آهي، هڪ سياسي ڪلچر سان جيڪو زور ڏئي ٿو آزادي، برابري قانون تحت، انفراديت، ۽ محدود حڪومت. دنيا جي سڀ کان وڌيڪ ترقي يافته ملڪن مان هڪ، آمريڪا 1890ع کان وٺي سڀ کان وڏي نامياتي GDP رکي ٿو ۽ 2023ع ۾ عالمي معيشت جو 15 سيڪڙو حصو رکي ٿو. او اي سي ڊي ملڪن جي وچ ۾ في ماڻهون جي سڀ کان وڌيڪ ڊسپوزيبل گهريلو آمدني. آمريڪا انساني حقن، اقتصادي مقابلي، پيداوار، جدت ۽ اعليٰ تعليم ۾ دنيا جي اعليٰ ترين ملڪن ۾ شمار ٿئي ٿو. ان جي سخت طاقت ۽ ثقافتي اثر عالمي پهچ آهي. يو ايس ورلڊ بئنڪ، آرگنائيزيشن آف آمريڪن اسٽيٽس، نيٽو ۽ گڏيل قومن جو باني ميمبر آهي، گڏوگڏ گڏيل قومن جي سلامتي ڪائونسل جو مستقل ميمبر آهي.

== تاريخ ==
1000ع ۾ [[ليف ايرڪسن]] نالي هڪ مهم جُو يورپي جهازي [[اتر آمريڪا]] جي سامونڊي حدن ۾ اچي داخل ٿيو. 12 آڪٽوبر 1492ع ۾ [[ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس]] (Christopher Columbus) ائٽلانٽڪ وڏي سمنڊ ۾ طوفان جي وڪڙ ۾ اچي آمريڪي ڪناري تي پهتو ۽ [[سين سلويڊور]] San Slavador ٻيٽ تي لنگر انداز ٿيو.
[[ڪيليفورنيا]] جنهن کي گولڊن اسٽيٽ به سڏيو ويندو آهي، تنهنجي [[ايل ڊوراڊو]] El Dorado علائقي ۾ سڀني کان پهرين پهچندڙ اسپيني ماڻهن هتي سون جي ڳولا ۾ پهتا. 
1607ع ۾ [[ورجينا]] رياست جي [[جيمس ٽائون]]James Town شهر ۾ انگريزن جي پهرين ڪالوني قائم ٿي ۽ انگريز سڀ کان پهرين هن شهر ۾ اچي آباد ٿيا.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=ٽوئر ٽو آمريڪا (عبدالحئي پليجو) {{!}} سنڌ سلامت ڪتاب گهر&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt; |url=http://books.sindhsalamat.com/book.php?book_id=327#16407 |accessdate=2016-09-27 |archive-date=2017-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912103147/http://books.sindhsalamat.com/book.php?book_id=327#16407 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;ڪتاب: ٽوئر ٽو آمريڪا&lt;/ref&gt;

[[فائل:Declaration independence.jpg|thumb|ڊڪليئريشن آف انڊپنڏنس ( خودمختياري جو اعلان) جو جان ٽرمبول پاران ٺاھيل پينٽنگ]]

برطانيا جون آمريڪي ڪالونيون 1776 ۾ برطانيا کان الڳ ٿي ويون ۽ انھن کي 1783 ۾ پيرس واري معاھدي ذريعي يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس آف آمريڪا جي نالي سان ھڪ نئين قوم جي سڃاڻپ ملي. گڏيل رياستن ۾ پھرين 13 رياستون ھيون ۽ 19 کان 20 صدي دوران ٻيون 37 رياستون بہ ان ۾ شامل ٿي ويون.آمريڪا جي تاريخ ۾ ھڪ ڏکيو دور گهرو ويڙهه وارو ھيو جيڪا 1861 کان 1865 تائين ھلي 

[[فائل:Thure de Thulstrup - L. Prang and Co. - Battle of Gettysburg - Restoration by Adam Cuerden (cropped).jpg|thumb|گهرو ويڙهه دوران [[گيٽس برگ واري لڙائي]] (Battle of Gettysburg) جي  مصور  [[ٿيوئر ڊي ٿلسٽرپ]] پاران ٺاھيل پينٽنگ]] 

جنھن ۾ اتر وارين رياستن جي يونين ۽ ڏکڻ وارين رياستن جي [[ڪنفيڊريشن]] جي وچ ۾ جنگ ھلي جيڪا اتر وارين رياستن کٽي ھئي. آمريڪا جي تاريخ جو ٻيو ڏکيو دور 1930 واري ڏھاڪي جو معاشي بحران آھي جنھن ۾ آمريڪا جي مزدورن جو چوٿون حصو نوڪريون ختم ٿي وڃڻ جي ڪري بي روزگار ٿي ويو.

[[فائل:Crowd outside nyse.jpg|thumb|1929 کان پوءِ ٿيندڙ معاشي گھوٽالي جي ڪري ماڻھو وال اسٽريٽ ۾ گڏ ٿيندي]]
پھرين ۽ ٻين جنگ عظيم جي فتح ۽ 1991 ۾ سرد جنگ جي خاتمي آمريڪا کي ھڪ سپر پاور بڻائي ڇڏيو.آمريڪي معيشت ۽ [[ٽيڪنالاجي]]۾ بي حد اضافو ٿيو آھي. ھن وقت آمريڪا دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي معيشت آھي. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
4 -اپريل- 1789ع تي -آمريڪا- جو -آئين- نافذ ٿيو. 30 -اپريل- 1789ع تي -[[جارج واشنگٽن]]- -آمريڪا- جو پهريون صدر ٿيو. 1861ع کان 1865ع تائين -آمريڪا- گھرو -جنگ- ۾ مبتلا رهيو، ڇو ته ڏاکڻين رياستن جي ڪارن غلامن -آزادي- پئي گهري. آمريڪي صدر ابراهام لنڪن غلاميءَ جو خاتمو آندو. 30 مارچ 1867ع تي روس [[الاسڪا]] جي رياست 7 ملين ڊالرن عيوض -آمريڪا- کي وڪڻي ڇڏي. 17 ڊسمبر 1903ع تي -آمريڪا- جي [[رائيٽ برادران]] ([[ولبرٽ رائيٽ]] ۽ [[آرويل رائيٽ]]) هڪ ننڍي هوائي جهاز ۾، جيڪو مشين سان هلندو هو، -[[اتر ڪيرولينا]] جي [[ڪٽيهاڪ]] ميدانن -تان- پهرئين -اڏام- ڪئي، ٻئي ڀائر جهاز ۾ موجود هئا.  
1906ع ۾ آمريڪي صدر [[روز ويلٽ]] کي پهريون ڀيرو امن جو نوبل -انعام- مليو. 06 -اپريل- 1917ع تي -آمريڪا- پهرين عالمي -جنگ- ۾ شامل ٿيو. 13 -اپريل- 1935ع تي دنيا جي پهرئين ايئر سروس جي شروعات ڪيائين. -ٻي عالمي جنگ- ۾ [[جاپان]] جي هٿيار ڦٽا نه ڪرڻ سبب -آمريڪا- 6 -آگسٽ- 1945ع تي [[هيروشيما]] ۽ 9 -آگسٽ- 1945ع تي [[ناگاساڪي]] تي ايٽم -بم- ڪيرايا، جنهن سان بي انداز -جاني- نقصان ٿيو ۽ -آمريڪا- دنيا تي هڪ هٽي قائم ڪري ورتي. 5 مئي 1961ع تي ايلن بي شيپرڊ پهرئين آمريڪي خلاباز جي حيثيت سان خلا ۾ -اڏام- ڪئي. 22 نومبر 1963ع تي صدر جان ايف ڪينيڊيءَ کي قتل ڪيو ويو. 1968ع ۾ ڪارن جي حقن لاءِ آواز اٿاريندڙ اڳواڻ [[مارٽن لوٿرڪنگ]] کي قتل ڪيو ويو. 20 -جولاءِ- 1969ع تي آمريڪي خلائي جهاز اپولو II وسيلي خلاباز [[نيل آرمسٽرانگ|نيل آمسٽرانگ]]، [[ايڊون ايلڊرن]] ۽ [[مائيڪل ڪولينز]] چنڊ تي لٿا، جنهن کي سڄي دنيا جي عوام ٽي ويءَ تي سڌو سنئون ڏٺو. 26 فيبروري 1991ع تي -آمريڪا- [[ڪويت]] کي [[عراق]] جي قبضي مان ڇڏايو. 07 نومبر 2000ع جي صدارتي چونڊن ۾ جارج واڪر بش صدر چونڊجي آيو. 11 سيپٽمبر 2001ع تي ٻه مسافرن سان ڀريل جهاز [[ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر]] ۽ آمريڪي وزارت دفاع جي آفيس [[پينٽاگون]] سان ٽڪرائجي ويا ۽ ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر جا ٻئي ٽاور پٽ اچي پيا. -

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 | alt2 =
}}

آمريڪا- -ان- دهشت گرديءَ جو ذميوار [[اسامه بن لادن]] کي قرار ڏنو، جيڪو -[[افغانستان]]- ۾ [[طالبان]] جو مهمان هو. انهيءَ الزام هيٺ -افغانستان- تي حملو ڪري طالبان جي حڪومت جو خاتمو آندو ويو. اها لڙائي اڃا به -جاري- آهي، 2003ع جي سياري ۾ -آمريڪا- عراق تي حملو ڪري [[صدام حسين]] کي گرفتار ڪري، کيس عدالت ذريعي ڦاهي ڏياري. عراق ۾ هينئر به نيٽو فورسز ويڙهاڪن کي منهن ڏيئي رهي آهي. -آمريڪا- 51 رياستن جو وفاق آهي، -جتي- صدارتي طرز جي حڪومت قائم آهي. صدر رياست جو مملڪتي اڳواڻ سربراهه (هيڊ آف اسٽيٽ)، حڪومت جو اڳواڻ، سڀني آئيني ۽ انتظامي اختيارن جو مالڪ ۽ هٿياربند فوجن جو سپريم ڪمانڊر آهي. صدر عوام جي ووٽن سان چئن سالن لاءِ چونڊبو آهي. ڪابينا ۽ رياستي گورنرن جي چونڊ صدر پاڻ ڪندو آهي. هن وقت آمريڪا جو صدر  [[ڊونلڊ ٽرمپ|ڊونالڊ ٽرمپ]] آهي آمريڪا  جو اڳوڻو صدر [[بارڪ اوباما|بارڪ حسين اوباما]] ھو    جيڪو -تاريخ- جو پهريون سربراهه ھيو، جنهن جو تعلق ڪاري نسل سان ھيو. هن کي 2009ع جو امن جو نوبل -انعام- به مليو . -آمريڪا- جي آزاديءَ جو ڏهاڙو 04 -جولاءِ- 1776ع آهي، ۽ کيس گڏيل قومن جي اداري (UNO) جي ميمبرشپ 24 -آڪٽوبر- 1945ع کان حاصل آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[http://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=آمريڪا آمريڪا : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;

[[فائل:Liberty-statue-from-below.jpg|thumb|کاٻو|نيويارڪ سٽي ۾[[اسٽيچو آف لبرٽي]] جيڪو 1886 ۾ آمريڪا  جيڪو آمريڪا جي نشان طور سڃاتو وڃي ٿو پر ان سان آمريڪي جمھوريت، آزادي ۽ موقعي جي بہ سڃاڻپ طور مشھور آھي  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| title = Statue of Liberty| work=World Heritage| publisher=UNESCO| url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307| accessdate = October 20, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

== جاگرافي ==
[[فائل:USA-satellite.jpg|thumb|آمريڪا جي گڏيل رياستن جي سيٽلائيٽ ذريعي نڪتل تصوير جنھن ۾ ان جي پسگردائي پڻ ڏيکاريل آهي]]
[[فائل:US 50 states Köppen.svg|thumb|کاٻو| ڪوپن واري آبهوا جي درجہ بندي]]
ھي ملڪ اتر کان ڏکڻ ۾ [[ڪيناڊا]] ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو]] ۽ اوڀر کان اولھ [[ائٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] ۽ [[پيسفڪ سمنڊ]] جي وچ ۾ واقع آهي. ھن ملڪ جو جاگرافيائي محل وقوع 38 00 N, 97 00 W آھي.ملڪ جي ايراضي  9,833,517 چورس ڪلوميٽر جن مان
9,147,593 چورس ڪلوميٽر خشڪي 685,924 چورس ڪلوميٽر پاڻي آھي. ھن ملڪ ۾ 50 رياستون ۽ ھڪ وفاقي ٽيريٽري جنھن جو نالو [[ڊسٽرڪٽ آف ڪولمبيا]] آهي جنھن ۾ وفاقي گاديءَ جو هنڌ [[واشنگٽن]] واقع آهي. ھي دنيا جو پکيڙ ۾ چوٿون وڏو ملڪ آهي.ھن جي زمين واري سرحد جملي 12,048 ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان ڪيناڊا سان  اتر واري پاسي  8,893 ڪ.م. ۽ الاسڪا واري پاسي کان ڪيناڊا سان 2,477 ڪ.م. اٿس باقي ميڪسيڪو سان  زميني سرحد 3,155 ڪ.م. آهي.ھن ملڪ جي [[گوانٽانامو بي]] ۾ فوجي اڏي واري زمين ڪيوبا جو حصو آهي ۽ اھا ڪيوبا کان ليز تي ورتل آھي ان جي زميني سرحد 28.5 ڪ.م. آهي. ھن ملڪ جي ساحلي سرحد 19,924 ڪ. م. آھي ۽ ان جي سرحدي حد سمنڊ طرف 12 ناٽيڪل ميل آھي. ملڪ جو ساحلي معاشي زون سمنڊ طرف 200 ناٽيڪل ميل
آھي.آمريڪا جي سمند جي سطح کان سراسري بلندي 720 ميٽر آھي. ان جو سڀ کان اونھو مقام [[موت جي وادي]] (Death Valley)آھي جيڪا سمند جي سطح کان 86 ميٽر اونھي آھي. سڀ کان اوچو مقام [[مائونٽ ميڪ ڪنلي]](McKinley) ۾ [[ڊينالي]](Denali) آهي جيڪو 6,190 ميٽر اوچو آهي.قدرتي وسيلن ۾ ھتي [[ڪوئلو]] ،[[ٽامو]]، [[شيھو]]، [[موليبيڊنيم]]، [[فاسفيٽ]]، [[يورينيم]]، [[باڪسائيٽ]]، [[سون]]، [[لوھ]]، [[پارو]]، [[نڪل]]، [[پوٽاش]]، [[چاندي]] , [[ٽنگسٽن]]، [[جست]]، [[پيٽرول]] [[عمارتي ڪاٺ]] جي دولت سان ڀريل آهي. دنيا م ڪوئلي جا سڀ کان گھڻا ذخيرا ھن ملڪ  اھن جيڪي  491 ارب ٽن آھن جيڪي سڄي دنيا جي ڪوئلي جو 27 سيڪڙو آھن.
ھن ملڪ جي  44.5 سيڪڙو زمين زرخيز آهي جنھن جو  16.8 سيڪڙو زمين تي پوک ٿيندي آهي جنھن مان 3 سيڪڙو تي مستقل پوک ٿيندي آهي، 27.4 سيڪڙو زمين تي چراگاھون آھن ۽ 33.3 سيڪڙو تي ٻيلا آھن.2012 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبپاشي واري زمين  264,000 چورس ڪلوميٽر  ھئي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
هن ملڪ جي گڏيل رياستن جو سرڪاري نالو “United States of America” آهي.”-آمريڪا-“ نالو، هڪ اٽالين جهازي امريگو وسپوسي جي نالي تي رکيو ويو، جيڪو 1497ع ۾ هتي آيو هو. -آمريڪا- جي -اتر- ۾ ڪيناڊا، -اوڀر- ۾ ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ، ڏکڻ ۾ ميڪسيڪو ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو نار]] ۽ اولهه ۾ پيسفِڪ سمنڊ آهن. گڏيل رياستن تي ٻڌل -آمريڪا-، ڪيناڊا ۽ ميڪسيڪو جي وچ ۾ آهي. هن جي هڪ رياست هوائي ٻيٽ سان فرانسسڪو کان 3870 ڪلوميٽر (2400 ميل) ڏکڻ اولهه طرف آهي. اڀرندي ۽ الهندي وارن علائقن ۾ ڊگھا جابلو سلسلا آهن. -آمريڪا- جي ڪل پکيڙ 9،160،454 چورس ڪلوميٽر (3،535،935 چورس ميل) ۽ آبادي 28 ڪروڙ آهي، گاديءَ جو هنڌ واشنگٽن (Washington) ۽ سڀ کان مٿانهون هنڌ مائونٽ ميڪنلي (6194 ميٽر) آهي. هن ملڪ جي سرڪاري -ٻولي- -انگريزي- ۽ ڪرنسي يو -ايس- ڊالر آهي، جيڪا دنيا جي وڌيڪ هلندڙ ۽ اهم ڪرنسي آهي. -آمريڪا- جي موسم، مختلف علائقن جي آبهوا جي حوالي سان مختلف آهي. گھڻي قدر موسم -ٿڌي- ۽ خوشگوار رهندي آهي. -آمريڪا- جي زرعي پيداوار ۾ ڪپهه، ڪڻڪ، جؤ، مڪئي، پٽاٽا، سويابين، داليون، ميوا ۽ ڀاڄيون آهن. مکيه صنعتن ۾ جهاز سازي، هٿيار، ميزائيل وغيره، پيٽروليم جون شيون، ڀاڻ، لوهه، موٽر گاڏيون، سيمنٽ، ڪپڙو، اليڪٽرانڪ -اوزار-، ڪيميائي شيون، دوائون، ڪمپيوٽر، پلاسٽڪ شامل آهن ۽ مکيه معدنيات ۾ -تيل-، ڪوئلو، -ٽامو-، موليڊنيم، فاسفيٽ، يورينيم، باڪسائٽ، سون، لوهه، پارو، نقل، پوٽاش ۽ -ٽنگسٽن شامل آهن.&lt;ref&gt;[http://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=آمريڪا آمريڪا : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;

== آبادي ۽ ڊيموگرافي ==

جولائي 2017 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبادي  326,625,791 ھئي جنھن مطابق ھي ملڪ دنيا جو ٽيون نمبر وڏو ملڪ آهي.جستان جي ماڻهن کي آمريڪي يا امريڪن سڏيو ويندو آهي.ھتسم جا 72.4 سيڪڙو ماڻهو گورا، 12.6 سيڪڙو ڪارا، 4.8 سيڪڙو ايشيائي، 0.9 سيڪڙو ريڊ انڊين ۽ الاسڪا جا اصلي رھاڪو،0.2 سيڪڙو ھوائين ۽ٻياپئسفڪ ٻيٽن جا رھاڪو، ۽ باقي 6.2 سيڪڙو ٻيا.

[[فائل:Most common ancestries in the United States.svg|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن ۾ غالب نسل&lt;br&gt;{{Legend0|#0075ff|[[جرمن آمريڪي|جرمن]]}} {{Legend0|#ff0000|''[[آمريڪن نسل وارو ماڻھو|آمريڪي نسل]]''}} {{Legend0|#ff7500| [[ميڪسيڪن آمريڪي|ميڪسيڪن]]}} {{Legend0|#007500|[[آئرش آمريڪي|آئرش]]}} {{Legend0|#00ffff|[[آفريڪن آمريڪي|آفريڪي]]}} {{Legend0|#7500ff|[[اطالوي آمريڪي|اطالوي]]}} {{Legend0|#750075|[[انگريزي نسل وارا آمريڪي|انگريز]]}} {{Legend0|#ffff00|[[جپاني آمريڪي|جپاني]]}} {{Legend0|#d93190|[[پورٽوريڪي]]}}]]

انگريزي ڳالهائيندڙن جو تعداد ھن ملڪ ۾ 79 سيڪڙو آھي، اسپيني 13 سيڪڙو، انڊو يورپين ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 3.7 سيڪڙو ، ايشيا ۽ پيسفڪ جون ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 3.4 سيڪڙو، باقي ٻيون ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 1 سيڪڙو.
آمريڪا جي وفاق جي ڪابہ سرڪاري ٻولي ناھي پر انگريزي 50 مان 32 رياستن جي سرڪاري ٻولي بڻجي وئي آھي. ھوائين بہ ھوائي رياست جي سرڪاري ٻولي آھي.
ھتان جي 46.5 سيڪڙو آبادي پروٽيسٽنٽ آھي، رومن ڪيٿولڪ ھتي 20.8 سيڪڙو ،يھودي 1.9 سيڪڙو، مورمن (Mormon)1.6  سيڪڙو، ٻيا عيسائي 0.9 سيڪڙو، 0.9 سيڪڙو  مسلمان، 0.8 سيڪڙو يھوا جا شاھد، 0.7سيڪڙو  ٻڌ، 0.7 سيڪڙو ھندو، ۽ 1.8 سيڪڙو ٻيا مذھب
۽ 22.8 سيڪڙو لامذھب آھن
2017 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبادي جي واڌ جي شرح 0.81 سيڪڙو ھئي. 2018 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي شھري آبادي ملڪ جي آبادي جو 82.3 سيڪڙو ھئي.واشينگٽن جي آبادي 2015 ۾ 4.955 ملين ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}{{مئل ڳنڍڻو|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

{{US Census population
|1610= 350
|1620= 2302
|1630= 4646
|1640= 26634
|1650= 50368
|1660= 75058
|1670= 111935
|1680= 151507
|1690= 210372
|1700= 250888
|1710= 331711
|1720= 466185
|1730= 629445
|1740= 905563
|1750= 1170760
|1760= 1593625
|1770= 2148076
|1780= 2780369
|1790= 3929214
|1800= 5308483
|1810= 7239881
|1820= 9638453
|1830= 12866020
|1840= 17069453
|1850= 23191876
|1860= 31443321
|1870= 38558371
|1880= 50189209
|1890= 62979766
|1900= 76212168
|1910= 92228496
|1920= 106021537
|1930= 123202624
|1940= 132164569
|1950= 151325798
|1960= 179323175
|1970= 203211926
|1980= 226545805
|1990= 248709873
|2000= 281421906
|2010= 308745538
|align=right
|estyear=2017&lt;ref name=&quot;census1&quot;/&gt;
|estimate=325719178
|footnote=1610–1780 population data.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=CT1970p2-13: Colonial and Pre-Federal Statistics |url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/statcomp/documents/CT1970p2-13.pdf |website=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=August 20, 2015 |page=1168 |date=2004}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;Note that the census numbers do&lt;br/&gt;not include [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] until 1860.&lt;ref name=&quot;Census1860&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |title=Historical Census Statistics On Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For Large Cities And Other Urban Places In The United States  |website=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=May 28, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

== سياسي انتظام ۽ حڪومت ==

=== آمريڪا جو نالو ===
[[فائل:Amerigo Vespucci - Project Gutenberg etext 19997.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|کاٻو|امیریگو وسپوچی جی خیالی تصویر]]

آمريڪا جو نالو اٽلي جي کوجنا ڪندڙ جھازران ۽ ڪارٽوگرافر (نقشن ٺاھڻ جو ماھر) اميريگو وسپوچي (Amerigo Vespucci) (جنم: 1454؛ وفات:1512) جي نالي مان نڪتل آهي. جيڪو لاطيني اچار ۾ آمريڪس سڏبو هو جنھن مان وري بدلجي آمريڪا ٿي ويو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== وفاق ۽ رياستون ===
حڪومت جو قسم آئيني وفاقي ريپبلڪ آهي جنھن جو گاديءَ جو هنڌ واشنگٽن ڊي.سي. آهي جنھن جو محل وقوع 38 53 N, 77 02 W آھي.ملڪ جي وفاق ۾ 50 رياستون آھن جيڪي ڇھن ثائيم زونن ۾ اچن ٿيون.ام کان علاوه ھڪ ضلعو ڊسٽرڪٽ آف ڪولمبيا آھي جيڪو انھن رياستن کان علاوه آھي جنھن ۾ واشنگٽن شھر واقع آهي.رياستن جا نالا ھيٺ ڏجن ٿا:
#[[الاباما]] (Alabama)
#[[الاسڪا]] (Alaska)
#[[ايرزونا]] (Arizona)
#[[ارڪنسا]] (Arkansas)
#[[ڪيليفورنيا]] (California)
#[[ڪولراڊو]] (Colorado)
#[[ڪونيڪٽيڪٽ]] (Connecticut)
#[[ڊيلويئر]] (Delaware)
#[[فلوريڊا]] (Florida)
#[[جارجيا (آمريڪي رياست)|جارجيا]] (Georgia)
#[[ھوائي]] (Hawaii)
#[[آئيڊاھو]] (Idaho)
#[[الينوائي]] (Illinois)
#[[انڊيانا]] (Indiana)
#[[آيووا]] (Iowa)
#[[ڪنساس]] (Kansas)
#[[ڪنٽاڪي]] (Kentucky)
#[[لوئزيانا]] (Louisiana)
#[[مئن]] (Maine)
#[[ميري لينڊ]] (Maryland)
#[[مئسچوسٽس]] (Massachusetts)
#[[مشي گن]] (Michigan)
#[[منيسوٽا]] (Minnesota)
#[[مسيسيپي]] (Mississippi)
#[[مسوري]] (Missouri)
#[[مونٽانا]] (Montana)
#[[نبراسڪا]] (Nebraska)
#[[نويڊا]] (Nevada)
#[[نيو ھئمپشائر]] (New Hampshire)
#[[نيو جرسي]] (New Jersey)
#[[نيو ميڪسيڪو]] (New Mexico) 
#[[نيو يارڪ]] (New York)
#[[نارٿ ڪيرولينا]] (North Carolina)
#[[نارٿ ڊڪوٽا]] (North Dakota)
#[[اوھيو]] (Ohio)
#[[اوڪلاھاما]] (Oklahoma)
#[[اوريگون|اوريگان]] (Oregon)
#[[پينسلوانيا]](Pennsylvania)
#[[رھوڊ آئلينڊ]] ( Rhode Island )
#[[سائوٿ ڪيرولينا]] (South Carolina)
#[[سائوٿ ڊڪوٽا]] (South Dakota)
#[[ٽينيسي|ٽنيسي]] (Tennessee)
#[[ٽيڪساس]] (Texas)
#[[يوٽا]] (Utah)
#[[ورمونٽ]] (Vermont)
#[[ورجينيا]] (Virginia)
#[[واشنگٽن]] (Washington)
#[[ويسٽ ورجينيا]] (West Virginia)
#[[وسڪونسن|وسڪانسن]] (Wisconsin)
#[[ويومنگ]] (Wyoming)

{{multiple image
 | align             = کاٻو
 | direction         = vertical
 | caption_align     = center
 | image1            = Capitol Building Full View.jpg
 | caption1          = گاديءَ جو هنڌ &lt;br/&gt; جتي ڪانگريس واقع آهي&lt;br/&gt; کاٻي پاسي سينيٽ ۽ساڄي پاسي ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
 | image2            = WhiteHouseSouthFacade.JPG
 | caption2          = وائيٽ ھائوس: آمريڪا جي صدر جو گھر ۽ آفيس
 | image3            = USSupremeCourtWestFacade.JPG
 | caption3          = سپريم ڪورٽ بلڊنگ
}}

[[فائل:US states by date of statehood3 frame.png|alt=آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين]]

[[فائل:US states by date of statehood3.gif|alt=آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين]]

=== آمريڪي اختيار وارا علائقا ===
[[فائل:US.EEZ Pacific centered NOAA map.png|thumb|کاٻو| آمريڪا جو معاشي زون وارو نقشو جنھن ۾ سامونڊي حد ۽ قبضي وارا علائقا ڏيکاريل آهن.]]
ھيٺين علائقن ۾ آمريڪي حڪومت جو اختيار آهي.
*[[امريڪن ساموا]] (American Samoa)
*[[بيڪر آئلينڊ]] (Baker Island)
*[[گئام]] (Guam)
*[[ھائو لينڊ آئلينڊ]] (Howland Island)
*[[جاروس آئلينڊ]] (Jarvis Island)
*[[جانسٽن ايٽول]] (Johnston Atoll)
*[[ناواسا آئلينڊ]] (Navassa Island)
*[[نادرن مرينا آئلينڊس|اتر ماريانا آئلينڊز]] (Northern Mariana Islands)
*[[پيلمائرا ايٽول]] (Palmyra Atoll)
*[[پورٽو ريڪو]] (Puerto Rico)
*[[ورجن آئلينڊس|ورجن آئلينڊز]] (Virgin Islands)
*[[ويڪ آئلينڊ]] (Wake Island)

=== خودمختياري ===

ھن ملڪ 4 جولائي 1776 برطانيا بڻ کان خودمختياري حاصل ڪئي ان ڪري اھو ڏينھن آمريڪا ۾ قومي ڏينھن ۽ موڪل جو ڏينهن آھي  .3 سيپٽمبر 1783 ۾ برطانيا ان جي خودمختياري کي تسليم ڪيو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== قانوني سسٽم ===
آمريڪا جي وفاق ۾ سڀني رياستن ۾ سواءِ ھڪ جي ڪامن لا سسٽم آھي. رڳو ھڪ رياست لئوزيانا ۾ نيپولينڪ سول ڪوڊ لاڳو  آھي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== معيشت ==
ھن ملڪ جي معيشت دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي ۽  طاقتور معيشت آھي جنھن جي في ڪس جي ڊي پي 59500 يو.ايس.ڊالر آھي. ھن ملڪ جون ڪمپنيون ڪمپيوٽر, دوائن، ايئرواسپيس ۽ فوجي سازوسامان  جي ٽيڪنالاجي ۾ دنيا اندر ھراول آهن.  فوجي ٽيڪنالاجي جي دنيا اندر اھميت گھٽجڻ ڪري پرچيزنگ پاور پئرٽي مطابق 2014 ۾ ھن جي معيشت 2014 ۾ ٻئي نمبر تي اچي وئي جو پھرين نمبر تي چين اچي ويو.آمريڪا جي معيشت اڌ کان وڌيڪ ٻاھران درآمد ڪيل تيل تي ھلي ٿي جنھن ڪري تيل جي قيمتن ۾ واڌ معيشت کي گھڻو متاثر ڪري ٿي.
پرچيزنگ پاور پئرٽي يا قوت خريد جي ڀيٽ ۾ آمريڪا جي جي ڊي پي 2017 ۾ 19.36 ٽرلين 
جو ايس ڊالر ھئي.آفيشل ايڪسچينج ريٽ يا مٽاسٽا واري شرح مطابق بہ 19.36 ٽرلين يو.ايس.ڊالر ھئي. 2017 ۾ ملڪ جي مجموعي قومي بچت (Gross national saving) 17.5 سيڪڙو ھئي. ھن ملڪ جي زرعي پيداوار ۾  ڪڻڪ، مڪئي، ٻيا اناج، ميوا، وڏو گوشت، سوئر جو گوشت، سبزيون، ڪپھ، پولٽري، کير جون شيون، مڇي  شامل آهن. آمريڪا جي صنعت پيداوار جي لحاظ کان دنيا جي ٻيون نمبر وڏي صنعت آھي. صنعتي پيداوار ۾ پيٽروليم واريون شيون، گاڏيون، ايئرواسپيس، ٽيلي ڪميونيڪيشن، ڪيميڪل ,  اليڪٽرانڪس، فوڊ پروسيسنگ، صارفن واريون شيون (consumer goods), عمارتي ڪاٺ وارو سامان، کاڻين واري صنعت شامل آهن . آمريڪا ۾ ڪم ڪندڙن يا مزدوري جي سگھ (Labour power) 2017 ۾ 160400000 مزدورن تي مشتمل ھئي ان سگھ م ان سال ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ چوٿين نمبر تي ھيو. ان تعداد ۾ پيشي جي لحاظ کان 0.7 سيڪڙو فارمنگ، فشنگ ۽ فاريسٽري م،  20.3 سيڪڙو مينيوفيڪچرنگ، ٽرانسپورٽ، وغيره ۾ ، 37.3 سيڪڙو مينيجمينٽ، پيشورانہ ۽ فني شعبن ۾، 24.2 سيڪڙو  وڪري ۽ آفيس ورڪ ۾،17.6 سيڪڙو ٻين خدمتن ۾  ان سگھ ۾  بي روزگار  شامل ناھن. 2015 ۾ ملڪ جي 15.1 سيڪڙو آبادي غربت جي لڪير کان ھيٺ زندگي گذاريندڙ ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
=== بجيٽ ===
ھن ملڪ جي 2017 واري بجيٽ ۾ ملڪ جي آمدني 3.336 ٽرلين ڊالر،  خرچ 3.991 ٽرلين ڊالر ھيو. ملڪ جي 17.2 سيڪڙو آمدني ٽيڪس ۽ ٻين محصولن مان حاصل ٿي جيڪڏهنان ۾ سوشل سڪيورٽي وغيره کي بہ شامل ڪجي تہ پوءِ  ٽيڪس ۽ محصولن جي آمدني 22 سيڪڙو ھئي.2017 ۾ بجيٽ جو خسارو 3.4 سيڪڙو ھيو.ملڪ جو 2017 ۾ ڪرنٽ اڪائونٽ بيلنس 462 بلين ڊالر ھيو . ملڪ جون برآمدات 1.576 ٽرلين ڊالر ۽ درامدات 2.352 ٽرلين ڊالر ھيون . پرڏيهي مٽاسٽا لاء ذخيرو ۽ سون 117.3 بلين ڊالر ھيو.   &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== توانائي ==
[[فائل:UnitedStatesPowerGrid.jpg|thumb|آمريڪا جون بجلي جي ٽرانسميشن جون گرڊ اسٽيشنون جن جون {{convert|300000|km|mi|abbr=on}} 500 ڪمپنيون ھلائڻ ٿيون ۽نارٿ آمريڪن اليڪٽرڪ رلائبلٽي ڪارپوريشن انھن سڀني جي نگراني ڪندڙ آھي]]
ھن ملڪ جي 100 سيڪڙو آبادي بجلي سان مستفيد آھي.2015 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي بجلي جي پيداوار 4.088 کرب ڪلو واٽ ھئي.ان ڀيٽ سان ھي دنيا جو بجلي پيدا ڪندڙ ٻيون نمبر وڏو ملڪ ھيو. ساڳي سال بجلي جي کپت ھن ملڪ ۾ 3.911 کرب ڪلو واٽ ھئي. 2016 ۾ ھن ملڪ 9.695 ارب ڪلو واٽ بجلي برآمد ڪئي ۽ 80.66 ارب ڪلو واٽ بجلي درآمد ڪئي. ھن ملڪ جي بجلي جي پيداوار 2015 ۾ 70.6 سيڪڙو تيل تي ،9.2 سيڪڙو نيوڪليئر، 7.4 سيڪڙو ھائڊرل يا پاڻي واري توانائيءَ تي ۽ 10.7 سيڪڙو ٻي توانائي تي ٿيندي آهي.2016 ۾ ملڪ ۾ ڪچي تيل جي روزاني پيداوار 8.853 
ملين بيرل جي ھئي.ڪچي تيل جي برآمد ساڳي سال روزانو 590900 بيرل ھئي ۽ درآمد روزانو 7.85 ملين بيرل ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== مواصلات ==
ملڪ ۾ ٽيلیفون جا لڳل ڪنيڪشن 121.53 ملين آھن. جولاء، 2016ع جي صورتحال مطابق ملڪ 100 سيڪڙو آبادي انھن جو استعمال ڪندڙ آھي ۽ ان لحاظ کان ٻين ملڪن جي ڀيٽ ۾ ھي ملڪ ٽڪ ٽئين نمبر تي آهي. جولاء، 2016ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ موبائل فون جا 395.881 ملین ڪنيڪشن ھيا۽ ملڪ جي 100 سيڪڙو آبادي انھن کان مستفيد ھئي ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ ھي دنيا جو چوٿون نمبر وڏو ملڪ هيو. ملڪ جو فون جو مواصلاتي نظام جديد ترين ٽيڪنالاجيءَ وارو آھي جنھن ۾ [[فائبر آپٽڪ ڪيبل]]، [[مائڪرو ويو ريڊيو رلي]](microwave radio relay)، [[ڪوايڪسل ڪيبل]](coaxial cable) ۽ [[ڊوميسٽڪ سيٽلائيٽ سسٽم]] شامل آھن. ھن ملڪ جو [[انٽرنيشنل ڪنٽري ڪوڊ]] نمبر 1 آھي. ملڪ جو [[انٽرنيٽ ڪنٽري ڪوڊ]] .us آھي. جولاء،2016ع ۾ انٽرنيٽ جي استعمال ڪندڙن جو تعداد24,68,09,221 ھيو جيڪو ڪل آبادي جو 76.2 سيڪڙو ھيو ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ جي دنيا جو چوٿون وڏو ملڪ هيو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ٽرانسپورٽ ==
[[فائل:Map of current Interstates.svg|thumb|کاٻو|بين الرياستي روڊن جو ڄار  جنھن جي ڊيگھ جملي {{convert|46876|mi|km}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Interstate FAQ (Question #3) |publisher=Federal Highway Administration |year=2006 |url=http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/interstate/faq.htm#question3 |accessdate=March 4, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[فائل:North America Passenger Trains.png|thumb|کاٻو|&lt;center&gt;ريلوي نظام {{nowrap|
[[ShareMap:special/North America Passenger Trains|اندروني ملڪئ جو ريلوي نظام جو نقشو
]] &lt;/center&gt;]]

سال 2016ع ۾ سرڪاري ھوائي ٽرانسپورٽ ۾ ھن ملڪ جي رجسٽرڊ جھازن جو تعداد 92 آھي. غير سرڪاري ٽرانسپورٽ جو رجسٽرڊ تعداد 6817 آهي. ساليانو 798.23 ملين ماڻھو جھازن ۾ سفر ڪن ٿا. سال2013ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ ھوائي اڏن جو تعداد 13,513 ھيو ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ پھرين نمبر تي آهي. ملڪ ۾  پيوڊ رن وي(paved runway)  وارا ايئر پورٽ 5,054 آھن. ان پيوڊ رن وي (unpaved runway) وارا ھوئي اڏا 8459 آھن. سال 2013ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ ھيلي ڪاپٽرن جا اڏا يا ھيلي پورٽ (Heliports) جو تعداد 5,287 آھي. ملڪ ۾ 2013ع ۾ قدرتي گيس جي پائيپن جي ڪل ڊيگھ 19,84,321 ڪلوميٽر ۽ پيٽرول جي پائيپ لائين جي ڊيگھ 2,40,711 ڪلوميٽر ھئي. ريلوي لائين جي ڊيگھ ساڳي سال 2,93,564.2 ڪلوميٽر ھئي.

ملڪ ۾ روڊن جي ڊيگھ 65,86,610 ڪلوميٽر جنھن ۾ پيوڊ روڊن (paved road) جي ڊيگھ 43,04,715 ڪلوميٽر، ايڪسپريس وي ۾ 76,334 ڪلوميٽر ۽ ان پيوڊ  روڊن (unpaved roads) جا 2,81,895 ڪلوميٽر شامل آهن. روڊن جي ڊيگھ ۾ ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ پھريون نمبر آھي. ملڪ جي واپاري بحري جهازن، ٻيڙن ۽ ٽينڪرن جو تعداد 3,611 آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ملڪ جو دفاع ==
ملڪ ۾ دفاع جو خرچ 2012 ۾ جي.ڊي.پي.جو 4.24 سيڪڙو ھيو جيڪو 2016 ۾ گھٽجي 3.29 تي پھتو. 2016 ٻين ملڪن جي ڀيٽ ۾ آمريڪا دفاع جي خرچ ۾ 25 نمبر تي ھيو. ملڪ ۾ فوج  يو ايس آرمي، يو ايس نيوي، يو ايس ايئر فورس۽ يو ايس ڪوسٽ گارڊ تي مشتمل آهي. ڪوسٽ گارڊ امن واري حالت ۾ ھوم لينڊ سڪيورٽي جي ماتحت ڪم ڪندا آهن ۽ جنگ جي حالت ۾ نيوي جي شعبي ۾ رپورٽ ڪندا آهن. فوج ۾ ڀرتي جي عمر 18 سال آهي پر جي والدين مرضي ڏيکارين تہ سترھن سال ۾ ڀرتي ٿي سگھي ٿي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==صحت== 
==تعليم==
آمريڪي پرائمري ۽ ثانوي تعليم (جنهن کي آمريڪا ۾ K-12 جي نالي سان سڃاتو وڃي ٿو، &quot;ڪندر گارٽن کان 12 هين گريڊ&quot;) غير مرڪزي آهي. اهو رياست، علائقائي، ۽ ڪڏهن ڪڏهن ميونسپل حڪومتن طرفان هلايو ويندو آهي ۽ يو ايس ڊپارٽمينٽ آف ايجوڪيشن پاران منظم ڪيو ويندو آهي. عام طور تي، ٻارن کي پنجن يا ڇهن سالن جي عمر (ڪنڊرگارٽن يا فرسٽ گريڊ) کان وٺي اسڪول يا منظور ٿيل هوم اسڪول ۾ وڃڻ جي ضرورت آهي جيستائين اهي 18 سالن جي عمر ۾ نه ٿين. اهو اڪثر ڪري شاگردن کي 12 هين گريڊ ذريعي آڻيندو آهي، يو ايس هاءِ اسڪول جو آخري سال، پر ڪجهه رياستون ۽ علائقا انهن کي، 16 يا 17 سالن جي عمر ۾ اسڪول ڇڏڻ جي اجازت ڏين ٿا. آمريڪا دنيا جي ڪنهن به ملڪ جي ڀيٽ ۾ في شاگرد تعليم تي وڌيڪ خرچ ڪري ٿو 12,794 يو ايس ڊالر في سال في پبلڪ ايليمينٽري ۽ سيڪنڊري اسڪول جو شاگرد (سال 2016-2017ع ۾). آمريڪن جي عمر 25 ۽ ان کان وڌيڪ، 84.6 سيڪڙو هاء اسڪول مان گريجوئيشن ڪئي، 52.6 سيڪڙو ڪجهه ڪاليج ۾ شرڪت ڪئي، 27.2 سيڪڙو بيچلر جي ڊگري حاصل ڪئي ۽ 9.6 سيڪڙو گريجوئيٽ ڊگري حاصل ڪئي. يو ايس خواندگي جي شرح ويجھي آفاقي آھي. ڪنهن به ملڪ ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ نوبل انعام ماڻيندڙ ملڪ آهن، جن ۾ 411 (413 انعام کٽي چڪا آهن). 

يو ايس ٽيٽيري يا اعليٰ تعليم عالمي شهرت حاصل ڪئي آهي. دنيا جون ڪيتريون ئي اعليٰ يونيورسٽيون، جيئن مختلف درجابندي جي تنظيمن طرفان درج ٿيل آهن، آمريڪا ۾ آهن، جن ۾ مٿين 25 مان 19 شامل آهن. آمريڪي اعليٰ تعليم رياستي يونيورسٽين جي نظام تي حاوي آهي، جيتوڻيڪ ملڪ جون ڪيتريون ئي خانگي يونيورسٽيون ۽ ڪاليج م سڀ آمريڪي شاگرد تقريبن 20 سيڪڙو داخلا وٺن ٿا. مقامي ڪميونٽي ڪاليج عام طور تي پيش ڪن ٿا ڪورس ورڪ ۽ ڊگري پروگرام جيڪي ڪاليج جي مطالعي جي پهرين ٻن سالن کي ڍڪيندا آهن. اهي اڪثر ڪري وڌيڪ کليل داخلا پاليسين، ننڍا تعليمي پروگرام، ۽ گهٽ ٽيوشن آهن. جيئن ته اعليٰ تعليم تي سرڪاري خرچن لاءِ، يو ايس او اي سي ڊي جي اوسط کان في شاگرد وڌيڪ خرچ ڪري ٿو ۽ آمريڪي گڏيل سرڪاري ۽ نجي خرچن ۾ سڀني قومن کان وڌيڪ خرچ ڪن ٿا. ڪاليج ۽ يونيورسٽيون جيڪي سڌي طرح وفاقي حڪومت طرفان فنڊ ڪيل آهن ٽيوشن چارج نه ڪندا آهن ۽ فوجي اهلڪارن ۽ سرڪاري ملازمن تائين محدود آهن، جن ۾ شامل آهن: يو ايس سروس اڪيڊميز، نيوي پوسٽ گريجوئيٽ اسڪول ۽ فوجي اسٽاف ڪاليج. شاگردن جي قرض جي معافي جي پروگرامن جي باوجود، شاگردن جي قرضن جو قرض گذريل ڏهاڪي ۾ 102٪ وڌي ويو آهي ۽ سال 2022ع تائين 1.7 ٽريلين ڊالرن کان وڌي ويو آهي. 

==ثقافت ۽ سماج==
آمريڪي مشهور ثقافت دنيا جي ڪيترن ئي هنڌن تي وڃي ٿو.&lt;ref&gt;
{{Cite magazine|last1=Fergie|first1=Dexter|last2=Pinkham|first2=Sophie|last3=Pinkham|first3=Sophie|last4=Kindley|first4=Evan|last5=Kindley|first5=Evan|last6=Kirsch|first6=Adam|last7=Kirsch|first7=Adam|last8=Dickey|first8=Colin|last9=Dickey|first9=Colin|date=2022-03-24|title=How American Culture Ate the World|magazine=The New Republic|url=https://newrepublic.com/article/165836/american-culture-ate-world-righteous-smokescreen-globalization-review|access-date=2023-04-01|issn=0028-6583}}&lt;/ref&gt;
اهو اڪثر هنڌن تي، خاص طور تي مغربي دنيا تي وڏو اثر آهي. آمريڪي ميوزڪ هر جڳهه آهي، ۽ آمريڪي فلمون ۽ ٽيليويزن شوز اڪثر ملڪن ۾ ڏسي سگهجن ٿا.

=== وفاقی موڪلون ===
تاريخ.     نالو.           وضاحت. 
جنوري 1. نئين سال جو ڏينهن. سال جي شروعات کي جشن ملهائي ٿو. 

2. 3rd سومر جنوري ۾. مارٽن لوٿر ڪنگ، جونيئر ڊي. اعزاز ڊاڪٽر مارٽن لوٿر ڪنگ، جونيئر، هڪ آفريڪي-آمريڪي شهري حقن جو اڳواڻ. 

3. فيبروري ۾ 3rd سومر. صدر جو ڏينهن. سڀني آمريڪي صدرن کي عزت ڏئي ٿو، پر خاص طور تي جارج واشنگٽن (پيدائش فيبروري 22، 1722) ۽ ابراهيم لنڪن (پيدائش فيبروري 12، 1812). 

4. مئي ۾ آخري سومر. يادگار ڏينهن. عزت وارا ماڻهو جيڪي فوج ۾ خدمت ڪندي مري ويا ۽ اونهاري جي روايتي شروعات کي نشانو بڻايو. 

5. جون 19. جون ٽيون. 1865 ۾ سڀني غلامن جي آزاديء کي تسليم ڪيو. 

6. 4 جولاءِ آزاديءَ جو ڏهاڙو. جشن آزاديءَ جو اعلان، ”جولاءِ جي چوٿين“ جي نالي سان پڻ مشهور آهي. 

7. سيپٽمبر ۾ 1st سومر. مزدورن جو ڏينهن. ڪارڪنن جي ڪاميابين کي جشن ڪري ٿو ۽ اونهاري جي روايتي پڄاڻي کي نشانو بڻائيندو آهي. 

8. آڪٽوبر ۾ 2nd سومر. ڪولمبس جو ڏينهن يا انديشي ماڻهن جو ڏينهن. ڪولمبس جو ڏهاڙو ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس جو اعزاز ڏئي ٿو، جنهن يورپ لاءِ آمريڪا دريافت ڪيو ۽ انديشي ماڻهن جو ڏينهن آمريڪا جي مقامي ماڻهن کي اعزاز ڏئي ٿو؛ رياستون هڪ يا نه ملهائي سگهن ٿيون. 

10. نومبر 11. ويٽرنس ڊي. سڀني ماڻهن کي عزت ڏئي ٿو جيڪي فوج ۾ خدمت ڪئي (ماضي ۽ موجوده). 

11. 4th خميس نومبر ۾. شڪر. موسم خزاں جي فصل کي جشن ملهائي ٿو ۽ &quot;ڇڏيل موسم&quot; جي روايتي شروعات کي نشانو بڻائيندو آهي. 

12. ڊسمبر 25. ڪرسمس. يسوع مسيح جي پيدائش کي جشن ملهائي ٿو (غير عيسائي ان کي سياري جي موڪل جي طور تي جشن ڪندا آهن).

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!width=150| Date&lt;ref name=&quot;cornell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/6103 |title=5 U.S. Code § 6103 – Holidays |publisher=[[Cornell University Law School]] - Legal Information Institute |website=www.law.cornell.edu |access-date=2014-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709203348/https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/6103 |archive-date=July 9, 2017 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! Name
! Description
|-
| January 1
| [[New Year's Day]]
| Celebrates the beginning of the year
|-
| 3rd Monday in January
| [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]] Day
| Honors Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., an [[African-American]] [[civil rights]] leader
|-
| 3rd Monday in February
| [[President's Day]]
| Honors all of the American presidents, but specifically [[George Washington]] (born February 22, 1722) and [[Abraham Lincoln]] (born February 12, 1812)
|-
| Last Monday in May
| [[Memorial Day]]
| Honors people who died while serving in the military and marks the traditional start of [[summer]]
|-
| June 19
| [[Juneteenth]]
| Recognizes the freeing of all [[Slavery in the United States|slaves]] in 1865
|-
| July 4
| [[US Independence Day|Independence Day]]
| Celebrates the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]], also known as &quot;The Fourth of July&quot;
|-
| 1st Monday in September
| [[Labor Day]]
| Celebrates the achievements of workers and marks the traditional end of summer
|-
| 2nd Monday in October
| [[Columbus Day]] or [[Indigenous Peoples' Day]]
| Columbus Day honors [[Christopher Columbus]], who discovered [[the Americas]] for [[Europe]] and Indigenous Peoples' Day honors the native people of the US; states may celebrate one or neither
|-
| November 11
| [[Veterans Day]]
| Honors all people who served in the [[military]] (past and present)
|-
| 4th Thursday in November
| [[Thanksgiving]]
| Celebrates the [[autumn]] [[harvest]] and marks the [[tradition]]al beginning of the &quot;holiday season&quot;
|-
| December 25
| [[Christmas]]
| Celebrates the [[birth]] of [[Jesus Christ]] (non-[[Christian]]s celebrate it as a [[winter]] holiday)
|}

===پرچم===
:
[[File:Flag of the United States.svg|thumb|The US flag]]

آمريڪي پرچم. 

آمريڪي پرچم نيري پس منظر تي 50 تارن تي مشتمل آهي ۽ 13 پٽيون آهن، ست ڳاڙهي ۽ ڇهه اڇیون. اهو گڏيل قومن جي ڪيترن ئي علامتن مان هڪ آهي جهڙوڪ بالڊ ايگل. 50 تارا 50 رياستن جي نمائندگي ڪن ٿا. ڳاڙھو جرئت لاء بيٺل آھي، نيرو انصاف لاء بيٺل آھي، ۽ اڇو امن ۽ صفائي جي نمائندگي ڪري ٿو. 13 پٽي 13 اصلي نوآبادين جي نمائندگي ڪن ٿا. 
===کاڌا===
هيمبرگر آمريڪا جي مشهور خوراڪ مان هڪ آهي. آمريڪا ۾ فاسٽ فوڊ ڪيترن ئي علائقائي کاڌن جو گهر آهي جهڙوڪ ڏکڻ آمريڪا جو کاڌو، جنهن کي ڏاکڻي کاڌي جي نالي سان پڻ سڃاتو وڃي ٿو. هتي چيني، يوناني، جاپاني، اطالوي ۽ ميڪسيڪو کاڌي جا آمريڪي نسخا آهن. اصلي آمريڪن کاڌ خوراڪ اصل آمريڪين جو کاڌو آھي. دنيا جي ڪيترن ئي ملڪن ۾ آمريڪي وينجن جو تمام گهڻو اثر آهي. آمريڪي کاڌي ۾ اصلي آمريڪي، برطانوي، فرينچ، جرمن ۽ اسپيني اثرات آهن. روح کاڌو روايتي ڏکڻ آفريڪا آمريڪي کاڌو آهي. 
===موسيقي=== 
آمريڪا ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ مشهور صنفون راڪ اينڊ رول، پاپ، ڪنتری، آر اينڊ بي ۽ هپ هاپ آهن. اصلي آمريڪي موسيقي آمريڪا جي مقامي موسيقي آهي. 


The [[American flag]] is made up of 50 stars on a blue background and has 13 stripes, seven red and six white. It is one of many symbols of the United States like the [[Bald Eagle]]. The 50 stars represent the 50 states. The red stands for [[courage]], the blue stands for [[justice]], and the white represents [[peace]] and [[cleanliness]]. The 13 stripes represent the [[Thirteen Colonies|13 original colonies.]]&lt;ref&gt;USA Flag Meaning. 2009 Retrieved from [https://web.archive.org/web/20071206041914/http://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/usa-flag/usa-flag-meaning.html http://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/usa-flag/usa-flag-meaning.html] on 16th of September 2010&lt;/ref&gt;

Cuisine
:
A [[hamburger]] is one of the popular foods of the United States. [[Fast food]] in the United States is home to many regional cuisines such as the [[Cuisine of the Southern United States]], also known as Southern food. There are Americanized versions of Chinese, Greek, Japanese, Italian and Mexican cuisine. Native American cuisine is the cuisine of the indigenous [[Native Americans]]. A lot of American dishes are influenced by many countries around the world. American cuisine has Native American, British, French, German, and Spanish influences.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=The Founders of American Cuisine: Seven Cookbook Authors, with Historical Recipes| isbn=9780786458691 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=XiKhBAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=american+cuisine+is+influenced+by+german+spanish&amp;pg=PA8| last1=Haff | first1=Harry | date=8 February 2011 | publisher=McFarland }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Soul food]] is traditional southern African American food.

Music
:
The most popular genres in the United States are [[rock and roll]], [[pop music|pop]], [[country music|country]], [[R&amp;B]], and [[hip hop]]. [[Native American#Music|Native American music]] is the indigenous music of the United States.

===رانديون===
[[File:Wilson opening day 1916.jpg|thumb|In American baseball games, sometimes the president throws the first ball.]]

آمريڪي بيس بال جي راندين ۾، ڪڏهن ڪڏهن صدر پهريون بال اڇلائي ٿو. 

اصلي آمريڪن يورپين جي اچڻ کان اڳ لاڪروس کيڏيو. بيس بال آمريڪا لاءِ ملڪي راند آهي، ۽ آمريڪي فٽبال سڀ کان مشهور راند آهي. باسڪيٽ بال آمريڪا ۾ پڻ تمام گهڻو مشهور آهي، جنهن کي آمريڪا جي پنهنجي ليگ آهي جنهن کي NBA سڏيو ويندو آهي. 
===وڊيو گيمز===
آمريڪا جي وڊيو گيم انڊسٽري ڪنهن به ملڪ جي وڏي ۾ وڏي آهي. اهو چين کان پوءِ وڊيو گيمز لاءِ ٻيو نمبر وڏو بازار آهي. دنيا جا ڪيترائي وڏا ويڊيو گيم ڊولپر آمريڪا ۾ ٻڌل آهن، جهڙوڪ Take-To Interactive، Electronic Arts، Activision Blizzard، ۽ Xbox Game Studios. 
===ماپ===
آمريڪا واحد ترقي يافته ملڪ آهي جيڪو سرڪاري طور تي ميٽرڪ سسٽم استعمال نٿو ڪري. ان جي بدران، گڏيل قومن جي رواجي يونٽ سرڪاري ماپ جو نظام آهي، جيتوڻيڪ ڪي خاص شعبا جهڙوڪ سائنس ميٽرڪ سسٽم استعمال ڪن ٿا. ماضي ۾ پڻ ميٽرڪ جي ڪوشش ڪئي وئي، خاص طور تي 1970s ۾، پر انهن کي هٽايو ويو آهي.

[[Native Americans]] played [[lacrosse]] before [[Europeans]] arrived.&lt;ref&gt;Liss, Howard. Lacrosse (Funk &amp; Wagnalls, 1970) pg 13.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Baseball]] is the country sport for the United States, and [[American football]] is the most popular sport. Basketball is also very popular in the USA, which the USA has its own league called the [[National Basketball Association|NBA]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Grossman|first=Nadelle|date=2014-01-01|title=What is the NBA?|url=https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/facpub/665|journal=25 Marquette Sports Law Review 101 (2014)|access-date=2022-11-24|archive-date=2022-11-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221124042653/https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/facpub/665/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Video games
:
The [[video game industry]] of the United States is one of the largest of any country. It is the second largest market for video games after China.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Asian countries make up 40% of the world's top 10 video gaming markets|url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/08/which-countries-have-the-largest-video-gaming-markets/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=World Economic Forum|language=en|archive-date=2022-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212045635/https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/08/which-countries-have-the-largest-video-gaming-markets/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Many of the world's largest video game developers are based in the USA, like [[Take-Two Interactive]], [[Electronic Arts]], [[Activision Blizzard]], and [[Xbox Game Studios]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Gray|first=Jasmine|date=2022-08-25|title=The 10 Largest Video Game Companies In The World, And What They Do|url=https://history-computer.com/largest-video-game-companies-in-the-world-and-what-they-do/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=History-Computer|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230115121540/https://history-computer.com/largest-video-game-companies-in-the-world-and-what-they-do/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Measurement:
The United States is the only developed country that doesn't officially use the [[metric system]]. Instead, the [[United States customary units]] are the official measurement system used, though certain fields like [[science]] use the metric system. There were also attempts at [[metrication]] in the past, most notably in the 1970s, but they have been struck down.

==پڻ ڏسو== 
==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
{{Sisterlinks|گڏيل رياستن}}
*
'''حڪومت'''
* [http://www.usa.gov/ Official U.S. Government Web Portal] Gateway to governmental sites
* [http://www.whitehouse.gov/ White House] Official site of the President of the United States
* [https://www.senate.gov/ Senate] Official site of the United States Senate
* [http://www.house.gov/ House] Official site of the United States House of Representatives
* [{{SCOTUS URL}} Supreme Court] Official site of the Supreme Court of the United States
*[https://web.archive.org/web/19990220002603/https://www.loc.gov/index.html Library oongress] Official site of the [[Library of Congress]]

'''جائزو ۽ ڊيٽا'''
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20000829075233/http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/factover/ Portrait of the United States] Overview from the U.S. Information Agency
*[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html United States]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225135647/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html%20 |date=2018-12-25 }}. CIA ''World Factbook'' entry.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060828224303/http://www.britannica.com/nations/United-States United States] ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' entry
*[https://web.archive.org/web/19970101150136/https://www.census.gov/hhes/www/ U.S. Census Housing and Economic Statistics] Wide-ranging data from the U.S. Census Bureau
*[http://www.ers.usda.gov/statefacts/ State Fact Sheets] Population, employment, income, and farm data from the U.S. Economic Research Service
*[http://www.teacheroz.com/states.htm The 50 States of the U.S.A.] Collected informational links for each state

'''تاريخ'''
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080314143240/http://www.nationalcenter.org/HistoricalDocuments.html Historical documents] Collected by the National Center for Public Policy Research
* [http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm U.S. National Mottos: History and Constitutionality]. {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20061212193931/http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm |date=2006-12-12 }}. Analysis by the Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance.
* [http://www.historicalstatistics.org/index2.html USA] Collected links to historical data

'''نقشا'''
* {{Wikiatlas|the United States}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20091021182322/http://www.nationalatlas.gov/ National Atlas of the United States] Official maps from the U.S. Department of the Interior

'''ٻيا'''
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061102175016/http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services] Official government site

{{Authority control}}

[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستون]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:نيٽو جا ميمبر ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:انگريزي ڳالهائيندڙ ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:اسپيني ڳالھائيندڙ ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:وفاقي آئيني جمهوريتون]]
[[زمرو:جي-7 جا ميمبر ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:جي-8 جا ميمبر ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:جي-20 جا ميمبر ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل قومن جا ڀاتي ملڪ]]
[[Category:1776 establishments in North America]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}</text>
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| conventional_long_name = يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس آف آمريڪا
| common_name = يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس
| image_flag = Animated-Flag-USA.gif
| image_coat = Great Seal of the United States (obverse).svg
| symbol_type = وڏي مھر
| national_motto = &lt;div style=&quot;padding-bottom:0.5em;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;&quot;پنھنجو ڀروسو خدا تي آ&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{USC|36|302}} ''National motto''&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[#God|Dept. of Treasury, 2011]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{{collapsible list
 |title = ''{{nobold|Other traditional mottos &amp;nbsp;}} ''
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:1.15em;
 |liststyle = text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[E pluribus unum]]&quot;|italics=off}} {{small|(de facto)}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot; ڪيترن مان ھڪ&quot;}}
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[Annuit cœptis]]&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot; ھن (خدا) ئي اسان جي مدد ڪئي آ&quot;}}
 |{{native phrase|la|&quot;[[Novus ordo seclorum]]&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot;ھر دور جي نئين ابتدا &quot;}}
}}
| national_anthem = &quot;چمڪندڙ تارن وارو بينر&quot;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;{{center|[[فائل:Star Spangled Banner instrumental.ogg]]}}
----
{{center|'''March:''' &quot;[[The Stars and Stripes Forever]]&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;national march&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=U.S. Code: Title 36, 304|work=United States Code|location=United States|publisher=Cornell Law School|url=http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode36/usc_sec_36_00000304----000-.html|date=August 12, 1998|accessdate=February 15, 2015|quote=The composition by John Philip Sousa entitled 'The Stars and Stripes Forever' is the national march.}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}&lt;br/&gt;{{center|[[فائل:The Stars and Stripes Forever - U.S. Navy Band.ogg]]}}
| image_map = USA orthographic.svg &lt;!-- consensus map, see talk page --&gt;
| map_caption = يونائٽيڊ اسٽيٽس جنھن ۾ الاسڪا ۽ ھوائي بہ شامل ڏيکاريل آهن
| alt_map = اتر آمريڪا جي کنڊ ۾ يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس سائي رنگ ۾ نمايان
| image_map2 = US insular areas SVG.svg|700px
| alt_map2 = [[يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس ۽ ان جا علائقا|علائقا]]
| map_caption2 = گڏيل آمريڪي رياستون ۽ انھن جا علائقا
| map_width = 220px
| capital = [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]]
| latd = 38
| latm = 53
| latNS = N
| longd = 77
| longm = 01
| longEW = W
| largest_city = [[نيويارڪ سٽي]]&lt;br/&gt;
{{small|{{coord|40|43|N|74|00|W|display=inline}}}}
| official_languages = وفاقي سطح تي ڪابہ سرڪاري ٻولي ناھي
| languages_type = قومي ٻولي
| languages = [[انگريزي ٻولي]]{{ref label|engfactobox|b|}}&lt;!---NOTE: Just English, don't add &quot;American English&quot;---&gt;
| official_religion = ڪوبہ نہ
| demonym = [[آمريڪن]] يا [[آمريڪي]]
| ethnic_groups = *  72.41%: گورا
*12.61% : ڪارا
*9.11%: گھڻ نسلي  
*4.75%: ايشيائي
*1.12% : ريڊ انڊين
| government_type = [[وفاقي]] [[صدارتي]] [[آئيني ريپبلڪ]]
| leader_title1 = [[صدر]]
| leader_name1 = [[ڊونالڊ ٽرمپ]]
| leader_title2 = نائب صدر
| leader_name2 = مائيڪ پينس
| leader_title3 = اسپيڪر آف ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
| leader_name3 = پائل ريئن
| leader_title4 = چيف جسٽس
| leader_name4 = جان رابرٽس
| legislature = ڪانگريس
| upper_house = سينيٽ
| lower_house = ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
| sovereignty_type = &lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
برطانيا کان آزادي &lt;/div&gt;
| established_event1 = آمريڪا جي آزادي جو پڌرنامو
| established_date1 = 4 جولاءِ، 1776ع
| established_event2 = ڪنفيڊريشن جو قيام
| established_date2 = پھرين مارچ، 1781ع
| established_event3 = پيرس معاھدو (1783)
| established_date3 = 3 سيپٽمبر، 1783ع
| established_event4 = آمريڪا جو آئين
| established_date4 = 21 جون، 1788ع
| established_event5 = اتر مرينا ٻيٽ
| established_date5 = 24 مارچ، 1976ع
| area_rank = 3rd/4th
| area_magnitude = 1 E+12
| area_km2 = 98,57,306
| area_sq_mi = 38,05,927
| percent_water = 7.1
| area_label = جملي پکيڙ
| area_label2 = خشڪي جي پکيڙ
| area_data2 = 91,58,022 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;br/&gt;35,35,932 چورس ميل
| area_footnote = 
| population_census_year = 2010ع
| population_census_rank = ٽيون
| population_census = 309,349,689&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.census.gov/popest/data/intercensal/national/tables/US-EST00INT-01.xls PDF].U.S. census department data.&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate = 322,369,319&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popclock/|title=U.S. and World Population Clock|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=December 21, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2016ع
| population_estimate_rank = ٽيون
| population_density_km2 = 35 &lt;!--figures use (population/land area) as of May 2015--&gt;
| population_density_sq_mi = 90.6 &lt;!--figures use (population/land area) as of May 2015--&gt;
| population_density_rank = 180هون
| GDP_PPP_year = 2014ع
| GDP_PPP = 17.419 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_rank = بيون
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = 54,629 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 10هون
| GDP_nominal = 17.419 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2015/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=33&amp;pr.y=7&amp;sy=2014&amp;ey=2015&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=111&amp;s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC&amp;grp=0&amp;a=|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|publisher=IMF}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_nominal_rank = پهريون
| GDP_nominal_year = 2014ع
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = 54,629 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = پنجهون
| Gini_year = 2013ع
| Gini_change = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini = 40.8  &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_ref = &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=OECD Income Distribution Database: Gini, poverty, income, Methods and Concepts|url=http://www.oecd.org/els/soc/income-distribution-database.htm|website=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Global inequality: How the U.S. compares|url=http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2013/12/19/global-inequality-how-the-u-s-compares/|website=Pew Research}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=Income Distribution and Poverty : by country – INEQUALITY|url=http://stats.oecd.org/index.aspx?queryid=46189|website=OECD}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_year = 2014&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change = increase&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| HDI = 0.915 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr_2015_statistical_annex.pdf |title=2015 Human Development Report  |date=2015 |accessdate=December 14, 2015 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank = 8th
| EF_year = 2007
| EF = {{decrease}} 8.0 gha&lt;ref name=&quot;EF&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.footprintnetwork.org/images/uploads/Ecological_Footprint_Atlas_2010.pdf |title=Ecological Footprint Atlas 2010 |publisher=Global Footprint Network |accessdate=July 11, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| EF_rank = 6th
| currency = آمريڪي ڊالر ($)
| currency_code = USD
| country_code = USA
| utc_offset = −4 to −12, +10, +11
| utc_offset_DST = −4 to −10{{ref label|UTCbox|d|}}
| calling_code = [[North American Numbering Plan|+1]]
| iso3166code = US
| date_format = MM/DD/YYYY
| drives_on = ساڄو پاسو
{{ref label|driving|e|}}
| cctld = {{nowrap|[[.us]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.gov]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.mil]]{{nbsp|3}}[[.edu]]}}
| footnote_a = 
| footnote_b = 
}}
[[فائل:United States (orthographic projection).svg|کاٻو|thumb|300px]]
'''آمريڪا جون گڏيل رياستون''' {{ٻيا نالا|انگريزي= ''' United States of America'''}} جنهن کي '''يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس'''، '''يو ايس''' يا '''آمريڪا''' به چيو ويندو آهي، 50 رياستن تي مشتمل هڪ جمهوري ملڪ آهي.  هي ملڪ اتر آمريڪا کنڊ ۾ واقع آهي. هتان جي گادي جو هنڌ [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]] ۽ سڀ کان وڏو شهر [[نيويارڪ]] آهي. 50 مان 48 رياستون هڪ ئي هنڌ [[ڪئناڊا]] جي ڏکڻ ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو]] جي اتر ۾ واقع آهن، جڏهن ته هڪ رياست [[الاسڪا]] باقي ملڪ کان پري [[ڪئناڊا]] جي اولھه ۾ ۽ ٻي رياست [[هوائي]] باقي ملڪ جي اولھ ۾ [[پيسفڪ سمنڊ|پئسفڪ سمنڊ]] ۾ آهي. آمريڪا جي اتر-اولهه واري رياست [[واشنگٽن رياست]] آهي. آمريڪا جي ڪل آبادي 34 ڪروڙ آهي ۽ هي آبادي جي لحاظ کان دنيا جو  ٽيون وڏو ملڪ آهي. هي ملڪ سال 1776ع ۾ قائم ٿيو. ناڻي ۽ فوجي طاقت جي لحاظ کان دنيا ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ طاقتور آهي.[[فائل:Bald Eagle Portrait.jpg|thumb|upright| بالڊ ايگل جيڪو 1782 کان وٺي آمريڪا جو قومي پکي آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;McDougall2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |author=Len McDougall |title=The Encyclopedia of Tracks and Scats: A Comprehensive Guide to the Trackable Animals of the United States and Canada |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9XOc2_u7z6cC&amp;pg=PA325 |year=2004 |publisher=Lyons Press |isbn=978-1-59228-070-4 |page=325}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

پيلو-انڊين 12,000 سال اڳ کان وڌيڪ بيرنگ زميني پل جي پار لڏي ويا. برطانوي نوآباديات 1607 ۾ ورجينيا ۾ تيرهن ڪالونين جي پهرين آبادي جو سبب بڻيو. ٽيڪس ۽ سياسي نمائندگي تي برطانوي تاج سان ٽڪراءَ آمريڪي انقلاب کي جنم ڏنو، ٻي ڪانٽينينٽل ڪانگريس 4 جولاءِ 1776ع تي آزاديءَ جو باضابطه اعلان ڪيو. انقلابي جنگ (1775-1783)، ملڪ اتر آمريڪا ۾ وڌندو رهيو. جيئن وڌيڪ رياستون داخل ڪيون ويون، غلاميءَ تي سيڪشنل ڊويزن آمريڪا جي ڪنفيڊرٽ رياستن جي علحدگيءَ جو سبب بڻيون، جن 1861-1865 آمريڪي گهرو ويڙهه دوران يونين جي باقي رياستن سان وڙهيو. يونين جي فتح ۽ تحفظ سان، غلامي کي قومي طور تي ختم ڪيو ويو. 1890ع  تائين، آمريڪا پاڻ کي هڪ عظيم طاقت طور قائم ڪيو. ڊسمبر 1941ع ۾ پرل هاربر تي جاپان جي حملي کان پوءِ، آمريڪا ٻي عالمي جنگ ۾ داخل ٿيو. جنگ جي نتيجي ۾ آمريڪا ۽ سوويت يونين کي دنيا جي ٻن سپر پاورن جي طور تي ڇڏي ويو ۽ سرد جنگ جو سبب بڻيو، جنهن دوران ٻنهي ملڪن نظرياتي تسلط ۽ بين الاقوامي اثر رسوخ لاءِ جدوجهد ۾ مصروف ٿي ويا. سوويت يونين جي ٽٽڻ ۽ 1991ع ۾ سرد جنگ جي خاتمي کانپوءِ، آمريڪا دنيا جي واحد سپر پاور طور اڀري آيو. يو ايس جي قومي حڪومت هڪ صدارتي آئيني جمهوريه آهي ۽ لبرل جمهوريت ٽن الڳ شاخن سان: قانون ساز، انتظامي، ۽ عدالتي. هن ۾ هڪ ٻه رڪني قومي قانون سازي آهي جيڪا هائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽوز تي مشتمل آهي، آبادي جي بنياد تي هيٺيون ايوان؛ ۽ سينيٽ، هر رياست جي برابر نمائندگي تي ٻڌل هڪ اپر ايوان. رياستن ۽ ڪيترن ئي علائقن کي انتهائي خودمختياري ڏني وئي آهي، هڪ سياسي ڪلچر سان جيڪو زور ڏئي ٿو آزادي، برابري قانون تحت، انفراديت، ۽ محدود حڪومت. دنيا جي سڀ کان وڌيڪ ترقي يافته ملڪن مان هڪ، آمريڪا 1890ع کان وٺي سڀ کان وڏي نامياتي GDP رکي ٿو ۽ 2023ع ۾ عالمي معيشت جو 15 سيڪڙو حصو رکي ٿو. او اي سي ڊي ملڪن جي وچ ۾ في ماڻهون جي سڀ کان وڌيڪ ڊسپوزيبل گهريلو آمدني. آمريڪا انساني حقن، اقتصادي مقابلي، پيداوار، جدت ۽ اعليٰ تعليم ۾ دنيا جي اعليٰ ترين ملڪن ۾ شمار ٿئي ٿو. ان جي سخت طاقت ۽ ثقافتي اثر عالمي پهچ آهي. يو ايس ورلڊ بئنڪ، آرگنائيزيشن آف آمريڪن اسٽيٽس، نيٽو ۽ گڏيل قومن جو باني ميمبر آهي، گڏوگڏ گڏيل قومن جي سلامتي ڪائونسل جو مستقل ميمبر آهي.

== تاريخ ==
1000ع ۾ [[ليف ايرڪسن]] نالي هڪ مهم جُو يورپي جهازي [[اتر آمريڪا]] جي سامونڊي حدن ۾ اچي داخل ٿيو. 12 آڪٽوبر 1492ع ۾ [[ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس]] (Christopher Columbus) ائٽلانٽڪ وڏي سمنڊ ۾ طوفان جي وڪڙ ۾ اچي آمريڪي ڪناري تي پهتو ۽ [[سين سلويڊور]] San Slavador ٻيٽ تي لنگر انداز ٿيو.
[[ڪيليفورنيا]] جنهن کي گولڊن اسٽيٽ به سڏيو ويندو آهي، تنهنجي [[ايل ڊوراڊو]] El Dorado علائقي ۾ سڀني کان پهرين پهچندڙ اسپيني ماڻهن هتي سون جي ڳولا ۾ پهتا. 
1607ع ۾ [[ورجينا]] رياست جي [[جيمس ٽائون]]James Town شهر ۾ انگريزن جي پهرين ڪالوني قائم ٿي ۽ انگريز سڀ کان پهرين هن شهر ۾ اچي آباد ٿيا.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=ٽوئر ٽو آمريڪا (عبدالحئي پليجو) {{!}} سنڌ سلامت ڪتاب گهر&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt; |url=http://books.sindhsalamat.com/book.php?book_id=327#16407 |accessdate=2016-09-27 |archive-date=2017-09-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912103147/http://books.sindhsalamat.com/book.php?book_id=327#16407 |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;ڪتاب: ٽوئر ٽو آمريڪا&lt;/ref&gt;

[[فائل:Declaration independence.jpg|thumb|ڊڪليئريشن آف انڊپنڏنس ( خودمختياري جو اعلان) جو جان ٽرمبول پاران ٺاھيل پينٽنگ]]

برطانيا جون آمريڪي ڪالونيون 1776 ۾ برطانيا کان الڳ ٿي ويون ۽ انھن کي 1783 ۾ پيرس واري معاھدي ذريعي يونائيٽيڊ اسٽيٽس آف آمريڪا جي نالي سان ھڪ نئين قوم جي سڃاڻپ ملي. گڏيل رياستن ۾ پھرين 13 رياستون ھيون ۽ 19 کان 20 صدي دوران ٻيون 37 رياستون بہ ان ۾ شامل ٿي ويون.آمريڪا جي تاريخ ۾ ھڪ ڏکيو دور گهرو ويڙهه وارو ھيو جيڪا 1861 کان 1865 تائين ھلي 

[[فائل:Thure de Thulstrup - L. Prang and Co. - Battle of Gettysburg - Restoration by Adam Cuerden (cropped).jpg|thumb|گهرو ويڙهه دوران [[گيٽس برگ واري لڙائي]] (Battle of Gettysburg) جي  مصور  [[ٿيوئر ڊي ٿلسٽرپ]] پاران ٺاھيل پينٽنگ]] 

جنھن ۾ اتر وارين رياستن جي يونين ۽ ڏکڻ وارين رياستن جي [[ڪنفيڊريشن]] جي وچ ۾ جنگ ھلي جيڪا اتر وارين رياستن کٽي ھئي. آمريڪا جي تاريخ جو ٻيو ڏکيو دور 1930 واري ڏھاڪي جو معاشي بحران آھي جنھن ۾ آمريڪا جي مزدورن جو چوٿون حصو نوڪريون ختم ٿي وڃڻ جي ڪري بي روزگار ٿي ويو.

[[فائل:Crowd outside nyse.jpg|thumb|1929 کان پوءِ ٿيندڙ معاشي گھوٽالي جي ڪري ماڻھو وال اسٽريٽ ۾ گڏ ٿيندي]]
پھرين ۽ ٻين جنگ عظيم جي فتح ۽ 1991 ۾ سرد جنگ جي خاتمي آمريڪا کي ھڪ سپر پاور بڻائي ڇڏيو.آمريڪي معيشت ۽ [[ٽيڪنالاجي]]۾ بي حد اضافو ٿيو آھي. ھن وقت آمريڪا دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي معيشت آھي. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
4 -اپريل- 1789ع تي -آمريڪا- جو -آئين- نافذ ٿيو. 30 -اپريل- 1789ع تي -[[جارج واشنگٽن]]- -آمريڪا- جو پهريون صدر ٿيو. 1861ع کان 1865ع تائين -آمريڪا- گھرو -جنگ- ۾ مبتلا رهيو، ڇو ته ڏاکڻين رياستن جي ڪارن غلامن -آزادي- پئي گهري. آمريڪي صدر ابراهام لنڪن غلاميءَ جو خاتمو آندو. 30 مارچ 1867ع تي روس [[الاسڪا]] جي رياست 7 ملين ڊالرن عيوض -آمريڪا- کي وڪڻي ڇڏي. 17 ڊسمبر 1903ع تي -آمريڪا- جي [[رائيٽ برادران]] ([[ولبرٽ رائيٽ]] ۽ [[آرويل رائيٽ]]) هڪ ننڍي هوائي جهاز ۾، جيڪو مشين سان هلندو هو، -[[اتر ڪيرولينا]] جي [[ڪٽيهاڪ]] ميدانن -تان- پهرئين -اڏام- ڪئي، ٻئي ڀائر جهاز ۾ موجود هئا.  
1906ع ۾ آمريڪي صدر [[روز ويلٽ]] کي پهريون ڀيرو امن جو نوبل -انعام- مليو. 06 -اپريل- 1917ع تي -آمريڪا- پهرين عالمي -جنگ- ۾ شامل ٿيو. 13 -اپريل- 1935ع تي دنيا جي پهرئين ايئر سروس جي شروعات ڪيائين. -ٻي عالمي جنگ- ۾ [[جاپان]] جي هٿيار ڦٽا نه ڪرڻ سبب -آمريڪا- 6 -آگسٽ- 1945ع تي [[هيروشيما]] ۽ 9 -آگسٽ- 1945ع تي [[ناگاساڪي]] تي ايٽم -بم- ڪيرايا، جنهن سان بي انداز -جاني- نقصان ٿيو ۽ -آمريڪا- دنيا تي هڪ هٽي قائم ڪري ورتي. 5 مئي 1961ع تي ايلن بي شيپرڊ پهرئين آمريڪي خلاباز جي حيثيت سان خلا ۾ -اڏام- ڪئي. 22 نومبر 1963ع تي صدر جان ايف ڪينيڊيءَ کي قتل ڪيو ويو. 1968ع ۾ ڪارن جي حقن لاءِ آواز اٿاريندڙ اڳواڻ [[مارٽن لوٿرڪنگ]] کي قتل ڪيو ويو. 20 -جولاءِ- 1969ع تي آمريڪي خلائي جهاز اپولو II وسيلي خلاباز [[نيل آرمسٽرانگ|نيل آمسٽرانگ]]، [[ايڊون ايلڊرن]] ۽ [[مائيڪل ڪولينز]] چنڊ تي لٿا، جنهن کي سڄي دنيا جي عوام ٽي ويءَ تي سڌو سنئون ڏٺو. 26 فيبروري 1991ع تي -آمريڪا- [[ڪويت]] کي [[عراق]] جي قبضي مان ڇڏايو. 07 نومبر 2000ع جي صدارتي چونڊن ۾ جارج واڪر بش صدر چونڊجي آيو. 11 سيپٽمبر 2001ع تي ٻه مسافرن سان ڀريل جهاز [[ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر]] ۽ آمريڪي وزارت دفاع جي آفيس [[پينٽاگون]] سان ٽڪرائجي ويا ۽ ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر جا ٻئي ٽاور پٽ اچي پيا. -

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 | alt2 =
}}

آمريڪا- -ان- دهشت گرديءَ جو ذميوار [[اسامه بن لادن]] کي قرار ڏنو، جيڪو -[[افغانستان]]- ۾ [[طالبان]] جو مهمان هو. انهيءَ الزام هيٺ -افغانستان- تي حملو ڪري طالبان جي حڪومت جو خاتمو آندو ويو. اها لڙائي اڃا به -جاري- آهي، 2003ع جي سياري ۾ -آمريڪا- عراق تي حملو ڪري [[صدام حسين]] کي گرفتار ڪري، کيس عدالت ذريعي ڦاهي ڏياري. عراق ۾ هينئر به نيٽو فورسز ويڙهاڪن کي منهن ڏيئي رهي آهي. -آمريڪا- 51 رياستن جو وفاق آهي، -جتي- صدارتي طرز جي حڪومت قائم آهي. صدر رياست جو مملڪتي اڳواڻ سربراهه (هيڊ آف اسٽيٽ)، حڪومت جو اڳواڻ، سڀني آئيني ۽ انتظامي اختيارن جو مالڪ ۽ هٿياربند فوجن جو سپريم ڪمانڊر آهي. صدر عوام جي ووٽن سان چئن سالن لاءِ چونڊبو آهي. ڪابينا ۽ رياستي گورنرن جي چونڊ صدر پاڻ ڪندو آهي. هن وقت آمريڪا جو صدر  [[ڊونلڊ ٽرمپ|ڊونالڊ ٽرمپ]] آهي آمريڪا  جو اڳوڻو صدر [[بارڪ اوباما|بارڪ حسين اوباما]] ھو    جيڪو -تاريخ- جو پهريون سربراهه ھيو، جنهن جو تعلق ڪاري نسل سان ھيو. هن کي 2009ع جو امن جو نوبل -انعام- به مليو . -آمريڪا- جي آزاديءَ جو ڏهاڙو 04 -جولاءِ- 1776ع آهي، ۽ کيس گڏيل قومن جي اداري (UNO) جي ميمبرشپ 24 -آڪٽوبر- 1945ع کان حاصل آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[http://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=آمريڪا آمريڪا : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;

[[فائل:Liberty-statue-from-below.jpg|thumb|کاٻو|نيويارڪ سٽي ۾[[اسٽيچو آف لبرٽي]] جيڪو 1886 ۾ آمريڪا  جيڪو آمريڪا جي نشان طور سڃاتو وڃي ٿو پر ان سان آمريڪي جمھوريت، آزادي ۽ موقعي جي بہ سڃاڻپ طور مشھور آھي  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| title = Statue of Liberty| work=World Heritage| publisher=UNESCO| url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307| accessdate = October 20, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

== جاگرافي ==
[[فائل:USA-satellite.jpg|thumb|آمريڪا جي گڏيل رياستن جي سيٽلائيٽ ذريعي نڪتل تصوير جنھن ۾ ان جي پسگردائي پڻ ڏيکاريل آهي]]
[[فائل:US 50 states Köppen.svg|thumb|کاٻو| ڪوپن واري آبهوا جي درجہ بندي]]
ھي ملڪ اتر کان ڏکڻ ۾ [[ڪيناڊا]] ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو]] ۽ اوڀر کان اولھ [[ائٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] ۽ [[پيسفڪ سمنڊ]] جي وچ ۾ واقع آهي. ھن ملڪ جو جاگرافيائي محل وقوع 38 00 N, 97 00 W آھي.ملڪ جي ايراضي  9,833,517 چورس ڪلوميٽر جن مان
9,147,593 چورس ڪلوميٽر خشڪي 685,924 چورس ڪلوميٽر پاڻي آھي. ھن ملڪ ۾ 50 رياستون ۽ ھڪ وفاقي ٽيريٽري جنھن جو نالو [[ڊسٽرڪٽ آف ڪولمبيا]] آهي جنھن ۾ وفاقي گاديءَ جو هنڌ [[واشنگٽن]] واقع آهي. ھي دنيا جو پکيڙ ۾ چوٿون وڏو ملڪ آهي.ھن جي زمين واري سرحد جملي 12,048 ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان ڪيناڊا سان  اتر واري پاسي  8,893 ڪ.م. ۽ الاسڪا واري پاسي کان ڪيناڊا سان 2,477 ڪ.م. اٿس باقي ميڪسيڪو سان  زميني سرحد 3,155 ڪ.م. آهي.ھن ملڪ جي [[گوانٽانامو بي]] ۾ فوجي اڏي واري زمين ڪيوبا جو حصو آهي ۽ اھا ڪيوبا کان ليز تي ورتل آھي ان جي زميني سرحد 28.5 ڪ.م. آهي. ھن ملڪ جي ساحلي سرحد 19,924 ڪ. م. آھي ۽ ان جي سرحدي حد سمنڊ طرف 12 ناٽيڪل ميل آھي. ملڪ جو ساحلي معاشي زون سمنڊ طرف 200 ناٽيڪل ميل
آھي.آمريڪا جي سمند جي سطح کان سراسري بلندي 720 ميٽر آھي. ان جو سڀ کان اونھو مقام [[موت جي وادي]] (Death Valley)آھي جيڪا سمند جي سطح کان 86 ميٽر اونھي آھي. سڀ کان اوچو مقام [[مائونٽ ميڪ ڪنلي]](McKinley) ۾ [[ڊينالي]](Denali) آهي جيڪو 6,190 ميٽر اوچو آهي.قدرتي وسيلن ۾ ھتي [[ڪوئلو]] ،[[ٽامو]]، [[شيھو]]، [[موليبيڊنيم]]، [[فاسفيٽ]]، [[يورينيم]]، [[باڪسائيٽ]]، [[سون]]، [[لوھ]]، [[پارو]]، [[نڪل]]، [[پوٽاش]]، [[چاندي]] , [[ٽنگسٽن]]، [[جست]]، [[پيٽرول]] [[عمارتي ڪاٺ]] جي دولت سان ڀريل آهي. دنيا م ڪوئلي جا سڀ کان گھڻا ذخيرا ھن ملڪ  اھن جيڪي  491 ارب ٽن آھن جيڪي سڄي دنيا جي ڪوئلي جو 27 سيڪڙو آھن.
ھن ملڪ جي  44.5 سيڪڙو زمين زرخيز آهي جنھن جو  16.8 سيڪڙو زمين تي پوک ٿيندي آهي جنھن مان 3 سيڪڙو تي مستقل پوک ٿيندي آهي، 27.4 سيڪڙو زمين تي چراگاھون آھن ۽ 33.3 سيڪڙو تي ٻيلا آھن.2012 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبپاشي واري زمين  264,000 چورس ڪلوميٽر  ھئي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
هن ملڪ جي گڏيل رياستن جو سرڪاري نالو “United States of America” آهي.”-آمريڪا-“ نالو، هڪ اٽالين جهازي امريگو وسپوسي جي نالي تي رکيو ويو، جيڪو 1497ع ۾ هتي آيو هو. -آمريڪا- جي -اتر- ۾ ڪيناڊا، -اوڀر- ۾ ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ، ڏکڻ ۾ ميڪسيڪو ۽ [[ميڪسيڪو نار]] ۽ اولهه ۾ پيسفِڪ سمنڊ آهن. گڏيل رياستن تي ٻڌل -آمريڪا-، ڪيناڊا ۽ ميڪسيڪو جي وچ ۾ آهي. هن جي هڪ رياست هوائي ٻيٽ سان فرانسسڪو کان 3870 ڪلوميٽر (2400 ميل) ڏکڻ اولهه طرف آهي. اڀرندي ۽ الهندي وارن علائقن ۾ ڊگھا جابلو سلسلا آهن. -آمريڪا- جي ڪل پکيڙ 9،160،454 چورس ڪلوميٽر (3،535،935 چورس ميل) ۽ آبادي 28 ڪروڙ آهي، گاديءَ جو هنڌ واشنگٽن (Washington) ۽ سڀ کان مٿانهون هنڌ مائونٽ ميڪنلي (6194 ميٽر) آهي. هن ملڪ جي سرڪاري -ٻولي- -انگريزي- ۽ ڪرنسي يو -ايس- ڊالر آهي، جيڪا دنيا جي وڌيڪ هلندڙ ۽ اهم ڪرنسي آهي. -آمريڪا- جي موسم، مختلف علائقن جي آبهوا جي حوالي سان مختلف آهي. گھڻي قدر موسم -ٿڌي- ۽ خوشگوار رهندي آهي. -آمريڪا- جي زرعي پيداوار ۾ ڪپهه، ڪڻڪ، جؤ، مڪئي، پٽاٽا، سويابين، داليون، ميوا ۽ ڀاڄيون آهن. مکيه صنعتن ۾ جهاز سازي، هٿيار، ميزائيل وغيره، پيٽروليم جون شيون، ڀاڻ، لوهه، موٽر گاڏيون، سيمنٽ، ڪپڙو، اليڪٽرانڪ -اوزار-، ڪيميائي شيون، دوائون، ڪمپيوٽر، پلاسٽڪ شامل آهن ۽ مکيه معدنيات ۾ -تيل-، ڪوئلو، -ٽامو-، موليڊنيم، فاسفيٽ، يورينيم، باڪسائٽ، سون، لوهه، پارو، نقل، پوٽاش ۽ -ٽنگسٽن شامل آهن.&lt;ref&gt;[http://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=آمريڪا آمريڪا : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)&lt;!-- Bot generated title --&gt;]&lt;/ref&gt;

== آبادي ۽ ڊيموگرافي ==

جولائي 2017 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبادي  326,625,791 ھئي جنھن مطابق ھي ملڪ دنيا جو ٽيون نمبر وڏو ملڪ آهي.جستان جي ماڻهن کي آمريڪي يا امريڪن سڏيو ويندو آهي.ھتسم جا 72.4 سيڪڙو ماڻهو گورا، 12.6 سيڪڙو ڪارا، 4.8 سيڪڙو ايشيائي، 0.9 سيڪڙو ريڊ انڊين ۽ الاسڪا جا اصلي رھاڪو،0.2 سيڪڙو ھوائين ۽ٻياپئسفڪ ٻيٽن جا رھاڪو، ۽ باقي 6.2 سيڪڙو ٻيا.

[[فائل:Most common ancestries in the United States.svg|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن ۾ غالب نسل&lt;br&gt;{{Legend0|#0075ff|[[جرمن آمريڪي|جرمن]]}} {{Legend0|#ff0000|''[[آمريڪن نسل وارو ماڻھو|آمريڪي نسل]]''}} {{Legend0|#ff7500| [[ميڪسيڪن آمريڪي|ميڪسيڪن]]}} {{Legend0|#007500|[[آئرش آمريڪي|آئرش]]}} {{Legend0|#00ffff|[[آفريڪن آمريڪي|آفريڪي]]}} {{Legend0|#7500ff|[[اطالوي آمريڪي|اطالوي]]}} {{Legend0|#750075|[[انگريزي نسل وارا آمريڪي|انگريز]]}} {{Legend0|#ffff00|[[جپاني آمريڪي|جپاني]]}} {{Legend0|#d93190|[[پورٽوريڪي]]}}]]

انگريزي ڳالهائيندڙن جو تعداد ھن ملڪ ۾ 79 سيڪڙو آھي، اسپيني 13 سيڪڙو، انڊو يورپين ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 3.7 سيڪڙو ، ايشيا ۽ پيسفڪ جون ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 3.4 سيڪڙو، باقي ٻيون ٻوليون ڳالھائيندڙ 1 سيڪڙو.
آمريڪا جي وفاق جي ڪابہ سرڪاري ٻولي ناھي پر انگريزي 50 مان 32 رياستن جي سرڪاري ٻولي بڻجي وئي آھي. ھوائين بہ ھوائي رياست جي سرڪاري ٻولي آھي.
ھتان جي 46.5 سيڪڙو آبادي پروٽيسٽنٽ آھي، رومن ڪيٿولڪ ھتي 20.8 سيڪڙو ،يھودي 1.9 سيڪڙو، مورمن (Mormon)1.6  سيڪڙو، ٻيا عيسائي 0.9 سيڪڙو، 0.9 سيڪڙو  مسلمان، 0.8 سيڪڙو يھوا جا شاھد، 0.7سيڪڙو  ٻڌ، 0.7 سيڪڙو ھندو، ۽ 1.8 سيڪڙو ٻيا مذھب
۽ 22.8 سيڪڙو لامذھب آھن
2017 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي آبادي جي واڌ جي شرح 0.81 سيڪڙو ھئي. 2018 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي شھري آبادي ملڪ جي آبادي جو 82.3 سيڪڙو ھئي.واشينگٽن جي آبادي 2015 ۾ 4.955 ملين ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}{{مئل ڳنڍڻو|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt; 

{{US Census population
|1610= 350
|1620= 2302
|1630= 4646
|1640= 26634
|1650= 50368
|1660= 75058
|1670= 111935
|1680= 151507
|1690= 210372
|1700= 250888
|1710= 331711
|1720= 466185
|1730= 629445
|1740= 905563
|1750= 1170760
|1760= 1593625
|1770= 2148076
|1780= 2780369
|1790= 3929214
|1800= 5308483
|1810= 7239881
|1820= 9638453
|1830= 12866020
|1840= 17069453
|1850= 23191876
|1860= 31443321
|1870= 38558371
|1880= 50189209
|1890= 62979766
|1900= 76212168
|1910= 92228496
|1920= 106021537
|1930= 123202624
|1940= 132164569
|1950= 151325798
|1960= 179323175
|1970= 203211926
|1980= 226545805
|1990= 248709873
|2000= 281421906
|2010= 308745538
|align=right
|estyear=2017&lt;ref name=&quot;census1&quot;/&gt;
|estimate=325719178
|footnote=1610–1780 population data.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=CT1970p2-13: Colonial and Pre-Federal Statistics |url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/statcomp/documents/CT1970p2-13.pdf |website=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=August 20, 2015 |page=1168 |date=2004}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;Note that the census numbers do&lt;br/&gt;not include [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] until 1860.&lt;ref name=&quot;Census1860&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html |title=Historical Census Statistics On Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For Large Cities And Other Urban Places In The United States  |website=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=May 28, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}

== سياسي انتظام ۽ حڪومت ==

=== آمريڪا جو نالو ===
[[فائل:Amerigo Vespucci - Project Gutenberg etext 19997.jpg|thumb|upright=0.7|کاٻو|امیریگو وسپوچی جی خیالی تصویر]]

آمريڪا جو نالو اٽلي جي کوجنا ڪندڙ جھازران ۽ ڪارٽوگرافر (نقشن ٺاھڻ جو ماھر) اميريگو وسپوچي (Amerigo Vespucci) (جنم: 1454؛ وفات:1512) جي نالي مان نڪتل آهي. جيڪو لاطيني اچار ۾ آمريڪس سڏبو هو جنھن مان وري بدلجي آمريڪا ٿي ويو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== وفاق ۽ رياستون ===
حڪومت جو قسم آئيني وفاقي ريپبلڪ آهي جنھن جو گاديءَ جو هنڌ واشنگٽن ڊي.سي. آهي جنھن جو محل وقوع 38 53 N, 77 02 W آھي.ملڪ جي وفاق ۾ 50 رياستون آھن جيڪي ڇھن ثائيم زونن ۾ اچن ٿيون.ام کان علاوه ھڪ ضلعو ڊسٽرڪٽ آف ڪولمبيا آھي جيڪو انھن رياستن کان علاوه آھي جنھن ۾ واشنگٽن شھر واقع آهي.رياستن جا نالا ھيٺ ڏجن ٿا:
#[[الاباما]] (Alabama)
#[[الاسڪا]] (Alaska)
#[[ايرزونا]] (Arizona)
#[[ارڪنسا]] (Arkansas)
#[[ڪيليفورنيا]] (California)
#[[ڪولراڊو]] (Colorado)
#[[ڪونيڪٽيڪٽ]] (Connecticut)
#[[ڊيلويئر]] (Delaware)
#[[فلوريڊا]] (Florida)
#[[جارجيا (آمريڪي رياست)|جارجيا]] (Georgia)
#[[ھوائي]] (Hawaii)
#[[آئيڊاھو]] (Idaho)
#[[الينوائي]] (Illinois)
#[[انڊيانا]] (Indiana)
#[[آيووا]] (Iowa)
#[[ڪنساس]] (Kansas)
#[[ڪنٽاڪي]] (Kentucky)
#[[لوئزيانا]] (Louisiana)
#[[مئن]] (Maine)
#[[ميري لينڊ]] (Maryland)
#[[مئسچوسٽس]] (Massachusetts)
#[[مشي گن]] (Michigan)
#[[منيسوٽا]] (Minnesota)
#[[مسيسيپي]] (Mississippi)
#[[مسوري]] (Missouri)
#[[مونٽانا]] (Montana)
#[[نبراسڪا]] (Nebraska)
#[[نويڊا]] (Nevada)
#[[نيو ھئمپشائر]] (New Hampshire)
#[[نيو جرسي]] (New Jersey)
#[[نيو ميڪسيڪو]] (New Mexico) 
#[[نيو يارڪ]] (New York)
#[[نارٿ ڪيرولينا]] (North Carolina)
#[[نارٿ ڊڪوٽا]] (North Dakota)
#[[اوھيو]] (Ohio)
#[[اوڪلاھاما]] (Oklahoma)
#[[اوريگون|اوريگان]] (Oregon)
#[[پينسلوانيا]](Pennsylvania)
#[[رھوڊ آئلينڊ]] ( Rhode Island )
#[[سائوٿ ڪيرولينا]] (South Carolina)
#[[سائوٿ ڊڪوٽا]] (South Dakota)
#[[ٽينيسي|ٽنيسي]] (Tennessee)
#[[ٽيڪساس]] (Texas)
#[[يوٽا]] (Utah)
#[[ورمونٽ]] (Vermont)
#[[ورجينيا]] (Virginia)
#[[واشنگٽن]] (Washington)
#[[ويسٽ ورجينيا]] (West Virginia)
#[[وسڪونسن|وسڪانسن]] (Wisconsin)
#[[ويومنگ]] (Wyoming)

{{multiple image
 | align             = کاٻو
 | direction         = vertical
 | caption_align     = center
 | image1            = Capitol Building Full View.jpg
 | caption1          = گاديءَ جو هنڌ &lt;br/&gt; جتي ڪانگريس واقع آهي&lt;br/&gt; کاٻي پاسي سينيٽ ۽ساڄي پاسي ھائوس آف ريپريزنٽيٽو
 | image2            = WhiteHouseSouthFacade.JPG
 | caption2          = وائيٽ ھائوس: آمريڪا جي صدر جو گھر ۽ آفيس
 | image3            = USSupremeCourtWestFacade.JPG
 | caption3          = سپريم ڪورٽ بلڊنگ
}}

[[فائل:US states by date of statehood3 frame.png|alt=آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين]]

[[فائل:US states by date of statehood3.gif|alt=آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين|کاٻو|thumb|آمريڪي رياستن جي قيام جي ٽائيم لائين]]

=== آمريڪي اختيار وارا علائقا ===
[[فائل:US.EEZ Pacific centered NOAA map.png|thumb|کاٻو| آمريڪا جو معاشي زون وارو نقشو جنھن ۾ سامونڊي حد ۽ قبضي وارا علائقا ڏيکاريل آهن.]]
ھيٺين علائقن ۾ آمريڪي حڪومت جو اختيار آهي.
*[[امريڪن ساموا]] (American Samoa)
*[[بيڪر آئلينڊ]] (Baker Island)
*[[گئام]] (Guam)
*[[ھائو لينڊ آئلينڊ]] (Howland Island)
*[[جاروس آئلينڊ]] (Jarvis Island)
*[[جانسٽن ايٽول]] (Johnston Atoll)
*[[ناواسا آئلينڊ]] (Navassa Island)
*[[نادرن مرينا آئلينڊس|اتر ماريانا آئلينڊز]] (Northern Mariana Islands)
*[[پيلمائرا ايٽول]] (Palmyra Atoll)
*[[پورٽو ريڪو]] (Puerto Rico)
*[[ورجن آئلينڊس|ورجن آئلينڊز]] (Virgin Islands)
*[[ويڪ آئلينڊ]] (Wake Island)

=== خودمختياري ===

ھن ملڪ 4 جولائي 1776 برطانيا بڻ کان خودمختياري حاصل ڪئي ان ڪري اھو ڏينھن آمريڪا ۾ قومي ڏينھن ۽ موڪل جو ڏينهن آھي  .3 سيپٽمبر 1783 ۾ برطانيا ان جي خودمختياري کي تسليم ڪيو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== قانوني سسٽم ===
آمريڪا جي وفاق ۾ سڀني رياستن ۾ سواءِ ھڪ جي ڪامن لا سسٽم آھي. رڳو ھڪ رياست لئوزيانا ۾ نيپولينڪ سول ڪوڊ لاڳو  آھي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== معيشت ==
ھن ملڪ جي معيشت دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي ۽  طاقتور معيشت آھي جنھن جي في ڪس جي ڊي پي 59500 يو.ايس.ڊالر آھي. ھن ملڪ جون ڪمپنيون ڪمپيوٽر, دوائن، ايئرواسپيس ۽ فوجي سازوسامان  جي ٽيڪنالاجي ۾ دنيا اندر ھراول آهن.  فوجي ٽيڪنالاجي جي دنيا اندر اھميت گھٽجڻ ڪري پرچيزنگ پاور پئرٽي مطابق 2014 ۾ ھن جي معيشت 2014 ۾ ٻئي نمبر تي اچي وئي جو پھرين نمبر تي چين اچي ويو.آمريڪا جي معيشت اڌ کان وڌيڪ ٻاھران درآمد ڪيل تيل تي ھلي ٿي جنھن ڪري تيل جي قيمتن ۾ واڌ معيشت کي گھڻو متاثر ڪري ٿي.
پرچيزنگ پاور پئرٽي يا قوت خريد جي ڀيٽ ۾ آمريڪا جي جي ڊي پي 2017 ۾ 19.36 ٽرلين 
جو ايس ڊالر ھئي.آفيشل ايڪسچينج ريٽ يا مٽاسٽا واري شرح مطابق بہ 19.36 ٽرلين يو.ايس.ڊالر ھئي. 2017 ۾ ملڪ جي مجموعي قومي بچت (Gross national saving) 17.5 سيڪڙو ھئي. ھن ملڪ جي زرعي پيداوار ۾  ڪڻڪ، مڪئي، ٻيا اناج، ميوا، وڏو گوشت، سوئر جو گوشت، سبزيون، ڪپھ، پولٽري، کير جون شيون، مڇي  شامل آهن. آمريڪا جي صنعت پيداوار جي لحاظ کان دنيا جي ٻيون نمبر وڏي صنعت آھي. صنعتي پيداوار ۾ پيٽروليم واريون شيون، گاڏيون، ايئرواسپيس، ٽيلي ڪميونيڪيشن، ڪيميڪل ,  اليڪٽرانڪس، فوڊ پروسيسنگ، صارفن واريون شيون (consumer goods), عمارتي ڪاٺ وارو سامان، کاڻين واري صنعت شامل آهن . آمريڪا ۾ ڪم ڪندڙن يا مزدوري جي سگھ (Labour power) 2017 ۾ 160400000 مزدورن تي مشتمل ھئي ان سگھ م ان سال ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ چوٿين نمبر تي ھيو. ان تعداد ۾ پيشي جي لحاظ کان 0.7 سيڪڙو فارمنگ، فشنگ ۽ فاريسٽري م،  20.3 سيڪڙو مينيوفيڪچرنگ، ٽرانسپورٽ، وغيره ۾ ، 37.3 سيڪڙو مينيجمينٽ، پيشورانہ ۽ فني شعبن ۾، 24.2 سيڪڙو  وڪري ۽ آفيس ورڪ ۾،17.6 سيڪڙو ٻين خدمتن ۾  ان سگھ ۾  بي روزگار  شامل ناھن. 2015 ۾ ملڪ جي 15.1 سيڪڙو آبادي غربت جي لڪير کان ھيٺ زندگي گذاريندڙ ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;
=== بجيٽ ===
ھن ملڪ جي 2017 واري بجيٽ ۾ ملڪ جي آمدني 3.336 ٽرلين ڊالر،  خرچ 3.991 ٽرلين ڊالر ھيو. ملڪ جي 17.2 سيڪڙو آمدني ٽيڪس ۽ ٻين محصولن مان حاصل ٿي جيڪڏهنان ۾ سوشل سڪيورٽي وغيره کي بہ شامل ڪجي تہ پوءِ  ٽيڪس ۽ محصولن جي آمدني 22 سيڪڙو ھئي.2017 ۾ بجيٽ جو خسارو 3.4 سيڪڙو ھيو.ملڪ جو 2017 ۾ ڪرنٽ اڪائونٽ بيلنس 462 بلين ڊالر ھيو . ملڪ جون برآمدات 1.576 ٽرلين ڊالر ۽ درامدات 2.352 ٽرلين ڊالر ھيون . پرڏيهي مٽاسٽا لاء ذخيرو ۽ سون 117.3 بلين ڊالر ھيو.   &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== توانائي ==
[[فائل:UnitedStatesPowerGrid.jpg|thumb|آمريڪا جون بجلي جي ٽرانسميشن جون گرڊ اسٽيشنون جن جون {{convert|300000|km|mi|abbr=on}} 500 ڪمپنيون ھلائڻ ٿيون ۽نارٿ آمريڪن اليڪٽرڪ رلائبلٽي ڪارپوريشن انھن سڀني جي نگراني ڪندڙ آھي]]
ھن ملڪ جي 100 سيڪڙو آبادي بجلي سان مستفيد آھي.2015 ۾ ھن ملڪ جي بجلي جي پيداوار 4.088 کرب ڪلو واٽ ھئي.ان ڀيٽ سان ھي دنيا جو بجلي پيدا ڪندڙ ٻيون نمبر وڏو ملڪ ھيو. ساڳي سال بجلي جي کپت ھن ملڪ ۾ 3.911 کرب ڪلو واٽ ھئي. 2016 ۾ ھن ملڪ 9.695 ارب ڪلو واٽ بجلي برآمد ڪئي ۽ 80.66 ارب ڪلو واٽ بجلي درآمد ڪئي. ھن ملڪ جي بجلي جي پيداوار 2015 ۾ 70.6 سيڪڙو تيل تي ،9.2 سيڪڙو نيوڪليئر، 7.4 سيڪڙو ھائڊرل يا پاڻي واري توانائيءَ تي ۽ 10.7 سيڪڙو ٻي توانائي تي ٿيندي آهي.2016 ۾ ملڪ ۾ ڪچي تيل جي روزاني پيداوار 8.853 
ملين بيرل جي ھئي.ڪچي تيل جي برآمد ساڳي سال روزانو 590900 بيرل ھئي ۽ درآمد روزانو 7.85 ملين بيرل ھئي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== مواصلات ==
ملڪ ۾ ٽيلیفون جا لڳل ڪنيڪشن 121.53 ملين آھن. جولاء، 2016ع جي صورتحال مطابق ملڪ 100 سيڪڙو آبادي انھن جو استعمال ڪندڙ آھي ۽ ان لحاظ کان ٻين ملڪن جي ڀيٽ ۾ ھي ملڪ ٽڪ ٽئين نمبر تي آهي. جولاء، 2016ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ موبائل فون جا 395.881 ملین ڪنيڪشن ھيا۽ ملڪ جي 100 سيڪڙو آبادي انھن کان مستفيد ھئي ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ ھي دنيا جو چوٿون نمبر وڏو ملڪ هيو. ملڪ جو فون جو مواصلاتي نظام جديد ترين ٽيڪنالاجيءَ وارو آھي جنھن ۾ [[فائبر آپٽڪ ڪيبل]]، [[مائڪرو ويو ريڊيو رلي]](microwave radio relay)، [[ڪوايڪسل ڪيبل]](coaxial cable) ۽ [[ڊوميسٽڪ سيٽلائيٽ سسٽم]] شامل آھن. ھن ملڪ جو [[انٽرنيشنل ڪنٽري ڪوڊ]] نمبر 1 آھي. ملڪ جو [[انٽرنيٽ ڪنٽري ڪوڊ]] .us آھي. جولاء،2016ع ۾ انٽرنيٽ جي استعمال ڪندڙن جو تعداد24,68,09,221 ھيو جيڪو ڪل آبادي جو 76.2 سيڪڙو ھيو ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ جي دنيا جو چوٿون وڏو ملڪ هيو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ٽرانسپورٽ ==
[[فائل:Map of current Interstates.svg|thumb|کاٻو|بين الرياستي روڊن جو ڄار  جنھن جي ڊيگھ جملي {{convert|46876|mi|km}}.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Interstate FAQ (Question #3) |publisher=Federal Highway Administration |year=2006 |url=http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/interstate/faq.htm#question3 |accessdate=March 4, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt;]]
[[فائل:North America Passenger Trains.png|thumb|کاٻو|&lt;center&gt;ريلوي نظام {{nowrap|
[[ShareMap:special/North America Passenger Trains|اندروني ملڪئ جو ريلوي نظام جو نقشو
]] &lt;/center&gt;]]

سال 2016ع ۾ سرڪاري ھوائي ٽرانسپورٽ ۾ ھن ملڪ جي رجسٽرڊ جھازن جو تعداد 92 آھي. غير سرڪاري ٽرانسپورٽ جو رجسٽرڊ تعداد 6817 آهي. ساليانو 798.23 ملين ماڻھو جھازن ۾ سفر ڪن ٿا. سال2013ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ ھوائي اڏن جو تعداد 13,513 ھيو ۽ ان ڀيٽ ۾ ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ پھرين نمبر تي آهي. ملڪ ۾  پيوڊ رن وي(paved runway)  وارا ايئر پورٽ 5,054 آھن. ان پيوڊ رن وي (unpaved runway) وارا ھوئي اڏا 8459 آھن. سال 2013ع ۾ ملڪ ۾ ھيلي ڪاپٽرن جا اڏا يا ھيلي پورٽ (Heliports) جو تعداد 5,287 آھي. ملڪ ۾ 2013ع ۾ قدرتي گيس جي پائيپن جي ڪل ڊيگھ 19,84,321 ڪلوميٽر ۽ پيٽرول جي پائيپ لائين جي ڊيگھ 2,40,711 ڪلوميٽر ھئي. ريلوي لائين جي ڊيگھ ساڳي سال 2,93,564.2 ڪلوميٽر ھئي.

ملڪ ۾ روڊن جي ڊيگھ 65,86,610 ڪلوميٽر جنھن ۾ پيوڊ روڊن (paved road) جي ڊيگھ 43,04,715 ڪلوميٽر، ايڪسپريس وي ۾ 76,334 ڪلوميٽر ۽ ان پيوڊ  روڊن (unpaved roads) جا 2,81,895 ڪلوميٽر شامل آهن. روڊن جي ڊيگھ ۾ ھي ملڪ دنيا ۾ پھريون نمبر آھي. ملڪ جي واپاري بحري جهازن، ٻيڙن ۽ ٽينڪرن جو تعداد 3,611 آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ملڪ جو دفاع ==
ملڪ ۾ دفاع جو خرچ 2012 ۾ جي.ڊي.پي.جو 4.24 سيڪڙو ھيو جيڪو 2016 ۾ گھٽجي 3.29 تي پھتو. 2016 ٻين ملڪن جي ڀيٽ ۾ آمريڪا دفاع جي خرچ ۾ 25 نمبر تي ھيو. ملڪ ۾ فوج  يو ايس آرمي، يو ايس نيوي، يو ايس ايئر فورس۽ يو ايس ڪوسٽ گارڊ تي مشتمل آهي. ڪوسٽ گارڊ امن واري حالت ۾ ھوم لينڊ سڪيورٽي جي ماتحت ڪم ڪندا آهن ۽ جنگ جي حالت ۾ نيوي جي شعبي ۾ رپورٽ ڪندا آهن. فوج ۾ ڀرتي جي عمر 18 سال آهي پر جي والدين مرضي ڏيکارين تہ سترھن سال ۾ ڀرتي ٿي سگھي ٿي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==صحت== 
==تعليم==
آمريڪي پرائمري ۽ ثانوي تعليم (جنهن کي آمريڪا ۾ K-12 جي نالي سان سڃاتو وڃي ٿو، &quot;ڪندر گارٽن کان 12 هين گريڊ&quot;) غير مرڪزي آهي. اهو رياست، علائقائي، ۽ ڪڏهن ڪڏهن ميونسپل حڪومتن طرفان هلايو ويندو آهي ۽ يو ايس ڊپارٽمينٽ آف ايجوڪيشن پاران منظم ڪيو ويندو آهي. عام طور تي، ٻارن کي پنجن يا ڇهن سالن جي عمر (ڪنڊرگارٽن يا فرسٽ گريڊ) کان وٺي اسڪول يا منظور ٿيل هوم اسڪول ۾ وڃڻ جي ضرورت آهي جيستائين اهي 18 سالن جي عمر ۾ نه ٿين. اهو اڪثر ڪري شاگردن کي 12 هين گريڊ ذريعي آڻيندو آهي، يو ايس هاءِ اسڪول جو آخري سال، پر ڪجهه رياستون ۽ علائقا انهن کي، 16 يا 17 سالن جي عمر ۾ اسڪول ڇڏڻ جي اجازت ڏين ٿا. آمريڪا دنيا جي ڪنهن به ملڪ جي ڀيٽ ۾ في شاگرد تعليم تي وڌيڪ خرچ ڪري ٿو 12,794 يو ايس ڊالر في سال في پبلڪ ايليمينٽري ۽ سيڪنڊري اسڪول جو شاگرد (سال 2016-2017ع ۾). آمريڪن جي عمر 25 ۽ ان کان وڌيڪ، 84.6 سيڪڙو هاء اسڪول مان گريجوئيشن ڪئي، 52.6 سيڪڙو ڪجهه ڪاليج ۾ شرڪت ڪئي، 27.2 سيڪڙو بيچلر جي ڊگري حاصل ڪئي ۽ 9.6 سيڪڙو گريجوئيٽ ڊگري حاصل ڪئي. يو ايس خواندگي جي شرح ويجھي آفاقي آھي. ڪنهن به ملڪ ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ نوبل انعام ماڻيندڙ ملڪ آهن، جن ۾ 411 (413 انعام کٽي چڪا آهن). 

يو ايس ٽيٽيري يا اعليٰ تعليم عالمي شهرت حاصل ڪئي آهي. دنيا جون ڪيتريون ئي اعليٰ يونيورسٽيون، جيئن مختلف درجابندي جي تنظيمن طرفان درج ٿيل آهن، آمريڪا ۾ آهن، جن ۾ مٿين 25 مان 19 شامل آهن. آمريڪي اعليٰ تعليم رياستي يونيورسٽين جي نظام تي حاوي آهي، جيتوڻيڪ ملڪ جون ڪيتريون ئي خانگي يونيورسٽيون ۽ ڪاليج م سڀ آمريڪي شاگرد تقريبن 20 سيڪڙو داخلا وٺن ٿا. مقامي ڪميونٽي ڪاليج عام طور تي پيش ڪن ٿا ڪورس ورڪ ۽ ڊگري پروگرام جيڪي ڪاليج جي مطالعي جي پهرين ٻن سالن کي ڍڪيندا آهن. اهي اڪثر ڪري وڌيڪ کليل داخلا پاليسين، ننڍا تعليمي پروگرام، ۽ گهٽ ٽيوشن آهن. جيئن ته اعليٰ تعليم تي سرڪاري خرچن لاءِ، يو ايس او اي سي ڊي جي اوسط کان في شاگرد وڌيڪ خرچ ڪري ٿو ۽ آمريڪي گڏيل سرڪاري ۽ نجي خرچن ۾ سڀني قومن کان وڌيڪ خرچ ڪن ٿا. ڪاليج ۽ يونيورسٽيون جيڪي سڌي طرح وفاقي حڪومت طرفان فنڊ ڪيل آهن ٽيوشن چارج نه ڪندا آهن ۽ فوجي اهلڪارن ۽ سرڪاري ملازمن تائين محدود آهن، جن ۾ شامل آهن: يو ايس سروس اڪيڊميز، نيوي پوسٽ گريجوئيٽ اسڪول ۽ فوجي اسٽاف ڪاليج. شاگردن جي قرض جي معافي جي پروگرامن جي باوجود، شاگردن جي قرضن جو قرض گذريل ڏهاڪي ۾ 102٪ وڌي ويو آهي ۽ سال 2022ع تائين 1.7 ٽريلين ڊالرن کان وڌي ويو آهي. 

==ثقافت ۽ سماج==
آمريڪي مشهور ثقافت دنيا جي ڪيترن ئي هنڌن تي وڃي ٿو.&lt;ref&gt;
{{Cite magazine|last1=Fergie|first1=Dexter|last2=Pinkham|first2=Sophie|last3=Pinkham|first3=Sophie|last4=Kindley|first4=Evan|last5=Kindley|first5=Evan|last6=Kirsch|first6=Adam|last7=Kirsch|first7=Adam|last8=Dickey|first8=Colin|last9=Dickey|first9=Colin|date=2022-03-24|title=How American Culture Ate the World|magazine=The New Republic|url=https://newrepublic.com/article/165836/american-culture-ate-world-righteous-smokescreen-globalization-review|access-date=2023-04-01|issn=0028-6583}}&lt;/ref&gt;
اهو اڪثر هنڌن تي، خاص طور تي مغربي دنيا تي وڏو اثر آهي. آمريڪي ميوزڪ هر جڳهه آهي، ۽ آمريڪي فلمون ۽ ٽيليويزن شوز اڪثر ملڪن ۾ ڏسي سگهجن ٿا.

=== وفاقی موڪلون ===
تاريخ.     نالو.           وضاحت. 
جنوري 1. نئين سال جو ڏينهن. سال جي شروعات کي جشن ملهائي ٿو. 

2. 3rd سومر جنوري ۾. مارٽن لوٿر ڪنگ، جونيئر ڊي. اعزاز ڊاڪٽر مارٽن لوٿر ڪنگ، جونيئر، هڪ آفريڪي-آمريڪي شهري حقن جو اڳواڻ. 

3. فيبروري ۾ 3rd سومر. صدر جو ڏينهن. سڀني آمريڪي صدرن کي عزت ڏئي ٿو، پر خاص طور تي جارج واشنگٽن (پيدائش فيبروري 22، 1722) ۽ ابراهيم لنڪن (پيدائش فيبروري 12، 1812). 

4. مئي ۾ آخري سومر. يادگار ڏينهن. عزت وارا ماڻهو جيڪي فوج ۾ خدمت ڪندي مري ويا ۽ اونهاري جي روايتي شروعات کي نشانو بڻايو. 

5. جون 19. جون ٽيون. 1865 ۾ سڀني غلامن جي آزاديء کي تسليم ڪيو. 

6. 4 جولاءِ آزاديءَ جو ڏهاڙو. جشن آزاديءَ جو اعلان، ”جولاءِ جي چوٿين“ جي نالي سان پڻ مشهور آهي. 

7. سيپٽمبر ۾ 1st سومر. مزدورن جو ڏينهن. ڪارڪنن جي ڪاميابين کي جشن ڪري ٿو ۽ اونهاري جي روايتي پڄاڻي کي نشانو بڻائيندو آهي. 

8. آڪٽوبر ۾ 2nd سومر. ڪولمبس جو ڏينهن يا انديشي ماڻهن جو ڏينهن. ڪولمبس جو ڏهاڙو ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس جو اعزاز ڏئي ٿو، جنهن يورپ لاءِ آمريڪا دريافت ڪيو ۽ انديشي ماڻهن جو ڏينهن آمريڪا جي مقامي ماڻهن کي اعزاز ڏئي ٿو؛ رياستون هڪ يا نه ملهائي سگهن ٿيون. 

10. نومبر 11. ويٽرنس ڊي. سڀني ماڻهن کي عزت ڏئي ٿو جيڪي فوج ۾ خدمت ڪئي (ماضي ۽ موجوده). 

11. 4th خميس نومبر ۾. شڪر. موسم خزاں جي فصل کي جشن ملهائي ٿو ۽ &quot;ڇڏيل موسم&quot; جي روايتي شروعات کي نشانو بڻائيندو آهي. 

12. ڊسمبر 25. ڪرسمس. يسوع مسيح جي پيدائش کي جشن ملهائي ٿو (غير عيسائي ان کي سياري جي موڪل جي طور تي جشن ڪندا آهن).

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!width=150| Date&lt;ref name=&quot;cornell&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/6103 |title=5 U.S. Code § 6103 – Holidays |publisher=[[Cornell University Law School]] - Legal Information Institute |website=www.law.cornell.edu |access-date=2014-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709203348/https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/5/6103 |archive-date=July 9, 2017 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
! Name
! Description
|-
| January 1
| [[New Year's Day]]
| Celebrates the beginning of the year
|-
| 3rd Monday in January
| [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]] Day
| Honors Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., an [[African-American]] [[civil rights]] leader
|-
| 3rd Monday in February
| [[President's Day]]
| Honors all of the American presidents, but specifically [[George Washington]] (born February 22, 1722) and [[Abraham Lincoln]] (born February 12, 1812)
|-
| Last Monday in May
| [[Memorial Day]]
| Honors people who died while serving in the military and marks the traditional start of [[summer]]
|-
| June 19
| [[Juneteenth]]
| Recognizes the freeing of all [[Slavery in the United States|slaves]] in 1865
|-
| July 4
| [[US Independence Day|Independence Day]]
| Celebrates the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]], also known as &quot;The Fourth of July&quot;
|-
| 1st Monday in September
| [[Labor Day]]
| Celebrates the achievements of workers and marks the traditional end of summer
|-
| 2nd Monday in October
| [[Columbus Day]] or [[Indigenous Peoples' Day]]
| Columbus Day honors [[Christopher Columbus]], who discovered [[the Americas]] for [[Europe]] and Indigenous Peoples' Day honors the native people of the US; states may celebrate one or neither
|-
| November 11
| [[Veterans Day]]
| Honors all people who served in the [[military]] (past and present)
|-
| 4th Thursday in November
| [[Thanksgiving]]
| Celebrates the [[autumn]] [[harvest]] and marks the [[tradition]]al beginning of the &quot;holiday season&quot;
|-
| December 25
| [[Christmas]]
| Celebrates the [[birth]] of [[Jesus Christ]] (non-[[Christian]]s celebrate it as a [[winter]] holiday)
|}

===پرچم===
:
[[File:Flag of the United States.svg|thumb|The US flag]]

آمريڪي پرچم. 

آمريڪي پرچم نيري پس منظر تي 50 تارن تي مشتمل آهي ۽ 13 پٽيون آهن، ست ڳاڙهي ۽ ڇهه اڇیون. اهو گڏيل قومن جي ڪيترن ئي علامتن مان هڪ آهي جهڙوڪ بالڊ ايگل. 50 تارا 50 رياستن جي نمائندگي ڪن ٿا. ڳاڙھو جرئت لاء بيٺل آھي، نيرو انصاف لاء بيٺل آھي، ۽ اڇو امن ۽ صفائي جي نمائندگي ڪري ٿو. 13 پٽي 13 اصلي نوآبادين جي نمائندگي ڪن ٿا. 
===کاڌا===
هيمبرگر آمريڪا جي مشهور خوراڪ مان هڪ آهي. آمريڪا ۾ فاسٽ فوڊ ڪيترن ئي علائقائي کاڌن جو گهر آهي جهڙوڪ ڏکڻ آمريڪا جو کاڌو، جنهن کي ڏاکڻي کاڌي جي نالي سان پڻ سڃاتو وڃي ٿو. هتي چيني، يوناني، جاپاني، اطالوي ۽ ميڪسيڪو کاڌي جا آمريڪي نسخا آهن. اصلي آمريڪن کاڌ خوراڪ اصل آمريڪين جو کاڌو آھي. دنيا جي ڪيترن ئي ملڪن ۾ آمريڪي وينجن جو تمام گهڻو اثر آهي. آمريڪي کاڌي ۾ اصلي آمريڪي، برطانوي، فرينچ، جرمن ۽ اسپيني اثرات آهن. روح کاڌو روايتي ڏکڻ آفريڪا آمريڪي کاڌو آهي. 
===موسيقي=== 
آمريڪا ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ مشهور صنفون راڪ اينڊ رول، پاپ، ڪنتری، آر اينڊ بي ۽ هپ هاپ آهن. اصلي آمريڪي موسيقي آمريڪا جي مقامي موسيقي آهي. 


The [[American flag]] is made up of 50 stars on a blue background and has 13 stripes, seven red and six white. It is one of many symbols of the United States like the [[Bald Eagle]]. The 50 stars represent the 50 states. The red stands for [[courage]], the blue stands for [[justice]], and the white represents [[peace]] and [[cleanliness]]. The 13 stripes represent the [[Thirteen Colonies|13 original colonies.]]&lt;ref&gt;USA Flag Meaning. 2009 Retrieved from [https://web.archive.org/web/20071206041914/http://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/usa-flag/usa-flag-meaning.html http://www.mapsofworld.com/usa/usa-flag/usa-flag-meaning.html] on 16th of September 2010&lt;/ref&gt;

Cuisine
:
A [[hamburger]] is one of the popular foods of the United States. [[Fast food]] in the United States is home to many regional cuisines such as the [[Cuisine of the Southern United States]], also known as Southern food. There are Americanized versions of Chinese, Greek, Japanese, Italian and Mexican cuisine. Native American cuisine is the cuisine of the indigenous [[Native Americans]]. A lot of American dishes are influenced by many countries around the world. American cuisine has Native American, British, French, German, and Spanish influences.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|title=The Founders of American Cuisine: Seven Cookbook Authors, with Historical Recipes| isbn=9780786458691 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=XiKhBAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=american+cuisine+is+influenced+by+german+spanish&amp;pg=PA8| last1=Haff | first1=Harry | date=8 February 2011 | publisher=McFarland }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Soul food]] is traditional southern African American food.

Music
:
The most popular genres in the United States are [[rock and roll]], [[pop music|pop]], [[country music|country]], [[R&amp;B]], and [[hip hop]]. [[Native American#Music|Native American music]] is the indigenous music of the United States.

===رانديون===
[[File:Wilson opening day 1916.jpg|thumb|In American baseball games, sometimes the president throws the first ball.]]

آمريڪي بيس بال جي راندين ۾، ڪڏهن ڪڏهن صدر پهريون بال اڇلائي ٿو. 

اصلي آمريڪن يورپين جي اچڻ کان اڳ لاڪروس کيڏيو. بيس بال آمريڪا لاءِ ملڪي راند آهي، ۽ آمريڪي فٽبال سڀ کان مشهور راند آهي. باسڪيٽ بال آمريڪا ۾ پڻ تمام گهڻو مشهور آهي، جنهن کي آمريڪا جي پنهنجي ليگ آهي جنهن کي NBA سڏيو ويندو آهي. 
===وڊيو گيمز===
آمريڪا جي وڊيو گيم انڊسٽري ڪنهن به ملڪ جي وڏي ۾ وڏي آهي. اهو چين کان پوءِ وڊيو گيمز لاءِ ٻيو نمبر وڏو بازار آهي. دنيا جا ڪيترائي وڏا ويڊيو گيم ڊولپر آمريڪا ۾ ٻڌل آهن، جهڙوڪ Take-To Interactive، Electronic Arts، Activision Blizzard، ۽ Xbox Game Studios. 
===ماپ===
آمريڪا واحد ترقي يافته ملڪ آهي جيڪو سرڪاري طور تي ميٽرڪ سسٽم استعمال نٿو ڪري. ان جي بدران، گڏيل قومن جي رواجي يونٽ سرڪاري ماپ جو نظام آهي، جيتوڻيڪ ڪي خاص شعبا جهڙوڪ سائنس ميٽرڪ سسٽم استعمال ڪن ٿا. ماضي ۾ پڻ ميٽرڪ جي ڪوشش ڪئي وئي، خاص طور تي 1970s ۾، پر انهن کي هٽايو ويو آهي.

[[Native Americans]] played [[lacrosse]] before [[Europeans]] arrived.&lt;ref&gt;Liss, Howard. Lacrosse (Funk &amp; Wagnalls, 1970) pg 13.&lt;/ref&gt; [[Baseball]] is the country sport for the United States, and [[American football]] is the most popular sport. Basketball is also very popular in the USA, which the USA has its own league called the [[National Basketball Association|NBA]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Grossman|first=Nadelle|date=2014-01-01|title=What is the NBA?|url=https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/facpub/665|journal=25 Marquette Sports Law Review 101 (2014)|access-date=2022-11-24|archive-date=2022-11-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221124042653/https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/facpub/665/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Video games
:
The [[video game industry]] of the United States is one of the largest of any country. It is the second largest market for video games after China.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|title=Asian countries make up 40% of the world's top 10 video gaming markets|url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/08/which-countries-have-the-largest-video-gaming-markets/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=World Economic Forum|language=en|archive-date=2022-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212045635/https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/08/which-countries-have-the-largest-video-gaming-markets/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Many of the world's largest video game developers are based in the USA, like [[Take-Two Interactive]], [[Electronic Arts]], [[Activision Blizzard]], and [[Xbox Game Studios]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|last=Gray|first=Jasmine|date=2022-08-25|title=The 10 Largest Video Game Companies In The World, And What They Do|url=https://history-computer.com/largest-video-game-companies-in-the-world-and-what-they-do/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=History-Computer|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-01-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230115121540/https://history-computer.com/largest-video-game-companies-in-the-world-and-what-they-do/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Measurement:
The United States is the only developed country that doesn't officially use the [[metric system]]. Instead, the [[United States customary units]] are the official measurement system used, though certain fields like [[science]] use the metric system. There were also attempts at [[metrication]] in the past, most notably in the 1970s, but they have been struck down.

==پڻ ڏسو== 
==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
{{Sisterlinks|گڏيل رياستن}}
*
'''حڪومت'''
* [http://www.usa.gov/ Official U.S. Government Web Portal] Gateway to governmental sites
* [http://www.whitehouse.gov/ White House] Official site of the President of the United States
* [https://www.senate.gov/ Senate] Official site of the United States Senate
* [http://www.house.gov/ House] Official site of the United States House of Representatives
* [{{SCOTUS URL}} Supreme Court] Official site of the Supreme Court of the United States
*[https://web.archive.org/web/19990220002603/https://www.loc.gov/index.html Library oongress] Official site of the [[Library of Congress]]

'''جائزو ۽ ڊيٽا'''
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20000829075233/http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/factover/ Portrait of the United States] Overview from the U.S. Information Agency
*[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html United States]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225135647/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/us.html%20 |date=2018-12-25 }}. CIA ''World Factbook'' entry.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060828224303/http://www.britannica.com/nations/United-States United States] ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' entry
*[https://web.archive.org/web/19970101150136/https://www.census.gov/hhes/www/ U.S. Census Housing and Economic Statistics] Wide-ranging data from the U.S. Census Bureau
*[http://www.ers.usda.gov/statefacts/ State Fact Sheets] Population, employment, income, and farm data from the U.S. Economic Research Service
*[http://www.teacheroz.com/states.htm The 50 States of the U.S.A.] Collected informational links for each state

'''تاريخ'''
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080314143240/http://www.nationalcenter.org/HistoricalDocuments.html Historical documents] Collected by the National Center for Public Policy Research
* [http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm U.S. National Mottos: History and Constitutionality]. {{Webarchive|url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20061212193931/http://www.religioustolerance.org/nat_mott.htm |date=2006-12-12 }}. Analysis by the Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance.
* [http://www.historicalstatistics.org/index2.html USA] Collected links to historical data

'''نقشا'''
* {{Wikiatlas|the United States}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20091021182322/http://www.nationalatlas.gov/ National Atlas of the United States] Official maps from the U.S. Department of the Interior

'''ٻيا'''
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061102175016/http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services] Official government site

{{Authority control}}
[[Category:1776 establishments in North America]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:اسپيني ڳالھائيندڙ ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:انگريزي ڳالهائيندڙ ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:جي-7 جا ميمبر ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:جي-8 جا ميمبر ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:جي-20 جا ميمبر ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستون]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل قومن جا ڀاتي ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:نيٽو جا ميمبر ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:وفاقي آئيني جمهوريتون]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا جون گڏيل رياستون]]</text>
      <sha1>79lorxg0lk4wggzte8d594qjmxqayjl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
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    <title>ڏکڻ آمريڪا</title>
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      <text bytes="82860" sha1="66f6hxmjomwgg68do9ppw8l67qwyhf4" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox continent
|title   = ڏکڻ آمريڪا&lt;br&gt;South America
|image  = South America (orthographic projection).svg
|area   = 1,78,40,000 چورس ڪلوميٽر
4هون
|population         = {{UN_Population|South America}} 5هين{{UN_Population|ref}}
|density  = 21.4/چورس ڪلوميٽر
56.0/چورس ميل
|GDP_PPP   = 7.61 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر
5هون&lt;ref&gt;
{{Cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/PPPGDP@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD|title=GDP PPP, current prices|publisher=International Monetary Fund|date=2022|access-date=16 January 2022|archive-date=22 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122001107/https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/PPPGDP@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|GDP_nominal  = 3.62 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر
4هون&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=GDP Nominal, current prices|url=https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDPD@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD|publisher=International Monetary Fund|date=2022|access-date=16 January 2022|archive-date=25 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170225211431/https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDPD@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|GDP_per_capita = 8,340 آمريڪي ڊالر
5هون&lt;ref&gt;
{{Cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDPDPC@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD|title=Nominal GDP per capita|publisher=International Monetary Fund|date=2022|access-date=16 January 2022|archive-date=11 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111084550/https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/NGDPDPC@WEO/OEMDC/ADVEC/WEOWORLD|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|religions          = {{unbulleted list
| [[Religion in South America#Christianity|Christianity]] (90.0%)&lt;ref name=&quot;Survey&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.pewforum.org/files/2014/01/global-religion-full.pdf|title=The Global Religious Landscape|publisher=Pewforum.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170125173538/https://www.pewforum.org/files/2014/01/global-religion-full.pdf|access-date=7 May 2020|archive-date=25 January 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Irreligion|No religion]] (7.7%)&lt;ref name=&quot;Survey&quot;/&gt;
| [[Religion in South America|Other]] (2.3%)&lt;ref name=&quot;Survey&quot;/&gt;
}}
|demonym  = ڏکڻ آمريڪي
|countries    = {{Collapsible list
|titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:right;font-weight:normal;
|title      = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in South America#Sovereign states|12–14]]
| {{flag|Argentina}}
| {{flag|Bolivia}}
| {{flag|Brazil}}
| {{flag|Chile}}
| {{flag|Colombia}}
| {{flag|Ecuador}}
| {{flag|Guyana}}
| {{flag|Panama}}{{efn|Sometimes included. Depending on the [[List of transcontinental countries#North America and South America|definition of North America–South America boundary]], [[Panama]] could be classified as a [[list of transcontinental countries|transcontinental country]]. [[Panama]] is a member state of [[Atletismo Sudamericano]] and [[ODESUR]].}}
| {{flag|Paraguay}}
| {{flag|Peru}}
| {{flag|Suriname}}
| {{flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}{{efn|Sometimes included. Physiographically [[#Outlying islands|a part]] of South America, but geopolitically [[United Nations geoscheme for the Americas#Caribbean|a part]] of North America.|name=&quot;OI&quot;}}
| {{flagicon|Uruguay}} [[يوراگوئي]]
| {{flag|Venezuela}}
}}
|list_countries     = 
|dependencies   = {{Collapsible list
|titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:right;font-weight:normal;
|title    =  خارجي (2-5) 
| {{flag|Aruba}}{{efn|Sometimes included. Physiographically [[#Outlying islands|a part]] of South America, but geopolitically [[United Nations geoscheme for the Americas#Caribbean|a part]] of North America. [[Aruba]] is a member nation of [[ODESUR]].}} (نيدرليند)
| {{flag|Bouvet Island}}{{efn|Occasionally included. An isolated volcanic island near the boundary between the [[African Plate]] and the [[Antarctic Plate]], [[Bouvet Island]] is [[Antarctic realm|biogeographically]] and geologically [[List of Antarctic and Subantarctic islands#List of Antarctic islands north of 60° S|associated]] with [[Antarctica]]. Despite being closer to Antarctica and Africa geographically, the [[United Nations geoscheme for the Americas#South America|United Nations geoscheme]] has included Bouvet Island in South America instead.}} (ناروي)
| {{flag|Curaçao}}{{efn|Sometimes included. Physiographically [[#Outlying islands|a part]] of South America, but geopolitically [[United Nations geoscheme for the Americas#Caribbean|a part]] of North America. [[Curaçao]] is a member nation of [[ODESUR]].}} (نيدرليند)
| [[فاڪلينڊ ٻيٽ]] ([[برطانيه]])
| [[ڏکڻ جارجيا ۽ ڏکڻ سينڊوچ ٻيٽ]]{{efn|Geologically, [[South Georgia|South Georgia Island]] and the southernmost portion of mainland South America are both on the [[Scotia Plate]] while the [[South Sandwich Islands]] is on the nearby [[South Sandwich Plate|Sandwich Plate]]. [[Antarctic realm|Biogeographically]] and [[Antarctic Convergence|hydrologically]], [[South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]] is [[List of Antarctic and Subantarctic islands#List of Antarctic islands north of 60° S|associated]] with [[Antarctica]]. The [[United Nations geoscheme for the Americas#South America|United Nations geoscheme]] has included the [[list of territorial disputes|disputed territory]] in South America.}} ([[برطانيه]])
 }}
{{Collapsible list
|titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
|title  = اندروني (1-3)   
| [[اسانشيون ٻيٽ]] {{efn|Occasionally included. An isolated volcanic island on the [[South American Plate]], [[Ascension Island]] is geologically [[#Outlying islands|a part]] of South America, but geopolitically [[United Nations geoscheme for Africa#Western Africa|a part]] of Africa.}} ([[برطانيه]])
| {{flag|Bonaire}}{{efn|name=&quot;OI&quot;}} ([[نيدرليند]])
| [[فرانسيسي گيانا]] ([[فرانس]])
}}
|languages = 
* [[اسپيني ٻولي|اسپيني]] 
* [[پورچوگيزي ٻولي|پرتگالي]]
* [[انگريزي ٻولي|انگريزي]]
* [[ڊچ ٻولي|ڊچ]] 
* [[فرانسيسي ٻولي|فرانسيسي]]
* [[هندي|ڪيريبين هندستاني]] 
* [[آئيمارا ٻولي]]
* [[گواراني ٻولي]]
* [[ماپوڊونگون ٻولي]]
* [[ڪويچا ٻولي]]
* [[وائيو ٻولي]]
* [[ٻيون ٻوليون]]
|time               = UTC-02:00 کان UTC-05:00
|cities             = {{Collapsible list
|titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:right;font-weight:normal;
|title      = ڏکڻ آمريڪا ۾ 10 وڏا شهر (2015ع)
|
# {{flagicon|Brazil}} [[سائو پالو]]
# {{flagicon|Peru}} [[ليما]]
# {{flagicon|Colombia}} [[بگوٽا]]
# {{flagicon|Brazil}} [[ريو ڊي جينيرو]]
# {{flagicon|Chile}} [[سانٽياگو]]
# {{flagicon|Venezuela}} [[ڪاراڪاس]]
# {{flagicon|Argentina}} [[بيونس آئرس]]
# {{flagicon|Brazil}} [[سلواڊور]]
# {{flagicon|Brazil}} [[برازيليا]]
# {{flagicon|Brazil}} [[فورٽاليزا]]
 }}
|m49                = &lt;code&gt;005&lt;/code&gt; – South America&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – [[World]]
}}
'''ڏکڻ آمريڪا (South America)''' ستن کنڊن مان هڪ آهي، جیڪو مڪمل طور تي اولهه اڌ گول ۾ ۽ گهڻو ڪري ڏاکڻي اڌ گول ۾ آهي. اهو پڻ آمريڪاز جي ڏاکڻي علائقي جي طور بيان ڪيو ويندو آهي. ڏکڻ آمريڪا جي سرحد اولهه ۾ [[پئسفڪ سمنڊ]] ۽ اتر ۽ اوڀر ۾ [[ائٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] آهي؛ [[اتر آمريڪا]] جو کنڊ ۽ [[ڪيريبئن سمنڊ|ڪيريبين سمنڊ]] اتر-اولهه طرف آهن. براعظم ۾ عام طور تي ٻارهن خودمختيار رياستون: [[ارجنٽائن]]، [[بوليويا]]، [[برازيل]]، [[چلي]]، [[ڪولمبيا]]، [[ايڪواڊور]]، [[گيانا]]، [[پيراگوئي]]، [[پيرو]]، [[سورينام]]، [[يوراگوئي]] ۽ [[وينزويلا]]؛ ٻه منحصر علائقا: فاڪلينڊ ٻيٽ ۽ ڏکڻ جارجيا ۽ ڏکڻ سينڊوچ ٻيٽ؛ ۽ هڪ اندروني علائقو: فرينچ گيانا آهي. ان کان علاوه، هالينڊ جي بادشاھت جا ای بی سی جزائر (ABC Islands)، اسانشيون ٻيٽ (سينٽ ھيلينا جو انحصار، اسانشيون ۽ ٽرسٽان دا ڪنھا)، ھڪ برطانوي اوورسيز علائقو، بوویٽ ٻيٽ ([[ناروي]] جو انحصار)، [[پاناما]] ۽ [[ٽرينيڊاڊ ۽ ٽوباگو]] پڻ ٿي سگھي ٿو، ڏکڻ آمريڪا جا حصا سمجهيا وڃن ٿا.

ڏکڻ آمريڪا جي ايراضي 1,78,40,000 چورس ڪلوميٽر (68,90,000 چورس ميل) آهي. سال 2016ع تائين ان جي آبادي 42 ڪروڙ کان وڌيڪ آهي.{{UN_Population|ref}} ڏکڻ آمريڪا علائقي ۾ چوٿون نمبر ([[ايشيا]]، [[آفريڪا]] ۽ [[اتر آمريڪا]] کان پوءِ) ۽ پنجون نمبر آبادي ۾ (ايشيا، آفريڪا، [[يورپ]] ۽ اتر آمريڪا کان پوءِ) آهي. برازيل تمام گهڻي آبادي وارو ڏکڻ آمريڪي ملڪ آهي، جنهن ۾ براعظم جي لڳ ڀڳ اڌ آبادي آهي، ان کان پوءِ ڪولمبيا، ارجنٽائن، وينزويلا ۽ پيرو آهن. تازن ڏهاڪن ۾، برازيل پڻ براعظم جي جي ڊي پي (GDP) جو اڌ پيدا ڪيو آهي ۽ براعظم جي پهرين علائقائي طاقت بڻجي چڪو آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;academia.edu2&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last1=Schenoni|first1=Luis L.|date=1 January 1970|title=Unveiling the South American Balance|url=https://www.academia.edu/12944490|journal=Estudos Internacionais 2(2): 215–232.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200512003355/https://www.academia.edu/12944490/_Unveiling_the_South_American_Balance_in_Estudos_Internacionais_2_2_215-232|archive-date=12 May 2020|access-date=8 December 2016|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

اڪثر آبادي براعظم جي الهندي يا اڀرندي ساحلن جي ويجهو رهندي آهي جڏهن ته اندروني ۽ ڏور ڏکڻ ۾ گهٽ آبادي آهي. اولهندي ڏکڻ آمريڪا جي جاگرافي تي [[انڊيز|اينديز جبلن]] جو تسلط آهي. ان جي ابتڙ، اڀرندي ڀاڱي ۾ ٻهراڙي وارا علائقا ۽ وسيع هيٺاهين وارا علائقا شامل آهن جتي نديون جهڙوڪ [[ايمازون درياهه]]، اورنيڪو (Orinoco) ندي ۽ پرانا (Paraná) ندي وهن ٿيون. گهڻو ڪري براعظم ٽروپڪ جی ٽاڪری ۾ واقع آهي، سواءِ ڏاکڻي مخروط جو هڪ وڏو حصو جيڪو وچ ويڪرائي ڦاڪ ۾ واقع آهي. 

براعظم جي ثقافتي ۽ نسلي نقطه نظر ان جي ابتڙ يورپي فاتحن ۽ مهاجرن سان ۽ مقامي طور تي، آفريقي غلامن سان مقامي ماڻهن جي رابطي سان آهي. نوآباديات جي ڊگهي تاريخ ڏني وئي، ڏکڻ آمريڪن جي وڏي اڪثريت اسپيني يا پرتگالي ڳالهائيندا آهن ۽ سماج ۽ رياستون مغربي روايتن سان مالا مال آهن. سال 1900ع کان پوءِ جو ڏکڻ آمريڪا، یورپ، ايشيا ۽ آفريڪا جي مقابلي ۾، سواء ڪجهه جنگين جي، پرامن براعظم رهيو آهي.&lt;ref&gt;Holsti 1996, p. 155&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Franch&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |title=Taxonomy of interstate conflicts: is South America a peaceful region? |journal=Brazilian Political Science Review |last1=Franchi |first1=Tássio |issue=11 |volume=2 |last2=Ferreira Glaser Migon |first2=Eduardo Xavier |doi=10.1590/1981-3821201700020008 |year=2017 |last3=Jiménez Villarreal |first3=Roberto Xavier|doi-access=free }}&lt;/ref&gt;

==جاگرافي==
[[فائل:Andes_Chile_Argentina.jpg|thumb|[[انڊيز]] جو وڏو جابلو سلسلو]]
[[فائل:River_in_the_Amazon_rainforest.jpg|thumb|[[ايمازون درياھہ|اميزون]] جي گھاٽن جھنگن جو هڪ درياهه]]
ڏکڻ آمريڪا جي ڪل ايراضي &lt;small&gt;1,78,40,000&lt;/small&gt; ڪلوميٽر چورس &lt;small&gt;(68,90,000&lt;/small&gt; چورس ميل&lt;small&gt;)&lt;/small&gt; آهي جيڪو زمين جي ڪل ايراضي جو 3.5 سيڪڙو ٿئي ٿو. سال 2005ع جي مطابق هن کنڊ جي آبادي 37,10,00,000 آهي. ڏکڻ آمريڪا ايراضي ۽ آبادي جي لحاظ کان چوٿون نمبر کنڊ آهي.

[[انڊيز]] هتان جو سڀ کان وڏو جابلو سلسلو آهي جڏهن ته کنڊ جي اوڀر واري علائقي ۾ [[ايمازون درياھہ|ايمازون درياهه]] سان گڏ جھنگن سان ڀريو پيو آهي. ايمازون جو وڏو جھنگ 25,10,000 چورس ميل تي پکڙيل آهي ۽ اندازن دنيا جي سڀ معلوم ٿيل زنده جانورن جي اڌ آبادي هتي آهي.&lt;ref&gt;ڈی کے اسٹوڈنٹس اٹلس، ناشر: ڈی کے پبلشنگ انکارپوریٹڈ، آئی ایس بی این 0789490528&lt;/ref&gt;

[[ايمازون درياھہ|اميزون]] ۽ [[پارانا]] هتي جا وڏا درياهه آهن جيڪي [[ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] ۾ ڪرن ٿا. انڊيز جي جابلو سلسلي ۾ آتش فشان به آهن جن ۾ کنڊ جو سڀ کان وڏو متحرڪ آتش فشان ڪوٽوپئڪسي به شامل آهي جنهن جي بلندي 19,347 فٽ آهي. هي آتش فشان اولهه جي ملڪ [[ايڪواڊور]] ۾ آهي. انڊيز جو جابلو سلسلو اتر کان ڏکڻ تائين پکڙيل آهي جنهن جي ويڪر 4,500 ميل آهي. اهڙي طرح هي دنيا جو ڊگھو ترين جابلو سلسلو آهي.

کنڊ ۾ ريگستاني علائقا به آهن جن ۾ [[پيٽاگونيا]] ۽ [[اٽاڪاما ريگستان|اٽاڪاما جا ريگستان]] مشهور آهن. دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي آبشار، &quot;اينجل آبشار&quot;، ايراضي جي حساب سان سڀ کان وڏو درياهه، [[اميزون درياهه]]، ڊگھو ترين جابلو سلسلو، [[انڊيز]]، زمين جو خشڪ ترين علائقو، [[اٽاڪاما ريگستان]]، سڀ کان وڏو جھنگ &quot;ايمازون جھنگ&quot;، سمنڊ جي سطح کان سڀ کان مٿي گادي جو هنڌ [[لا پاز|لاپاز]]، [[بوليويا]]، دنيا جي سڀ کان اوچي ڍنڍ، [[ٽٽيڪاڪا ڍنڍ]] ۽ ڏکڻ ۾ دنيا جو سڀ کان ڏورانهون شهر، &quot;پورٽو ٽرٽو&quot;، [[چلي]] هن ئي کنڊ ۾ آهي.

[[فائل:South_America_satellite_orthographic.jpg|thumb|ڏکڻ آمريڪا کنڊ]]
[[File:SACN member states.jpg|thumb|جاگرافيائي علائقن ۽ ذيلي علائقن لاء اسڪيم جيڪا گڏيل قومن جي شمارياتي ڊويزن پاران استعمال ڪئي ويندي آهي.]]

== تاريخ ==
17 هين صدي ۾ [[اسپين]] ۽ [[پرتگال]] جي جهازرانن جي طرفان هن زمين جي ڳولهڻ کان پوء ٻنهي ملڪ هتي قبضو ڪري ڇڏيو ۽ هتان جا ملڪ ڊگھي غلامي ۾ هليا ويا. اسپين ۽ پرتگال هتي پنهنجي ثقافت جو گهرو اثر ڇڏيو جيڪو اڄ به ڏسي سگھجي ٿو. ڏکڻ  آمريڪا جي ملڪ برازيل ۾ پرتگيزي جڏهن ته تقريبن ٻين ملڪن ۾ هسپانوي ٻولي ڳالهائي ويندي آهي. اتر ۾ سرينام ۽ گيانا جا ننڍا  ملڪ نيدرلينڊ ۽ [[برطانيه]] جي غلامي ۾ رهيا آهن. ڊگھي غلامي جي ڪري هتي مختلف نسلن جا ماڻهو ملن ٿا جن ۾ يورپي، آبائي آمريڪي ۽ آفريڪي نسل شامل آهن. ڪجهه اصل آمريڪي ماڻهو اڄ به آميزون جي گھاٽن جھنگن م رهن ٿا.

== آبادي ==
{| id=&quot;cxmwTg&quot; align=&quot;left&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;1&quot; width=&quot;100&quot;

| [[فائل:Luiz_Inácio_Lula_da_Silva.jpg|border|95x95px]]
| 
| [[فائل:Michelle_Bachelet_Banda.jpeg|border|96x96px]]
|-
| [[فائل:Beneditadasilva11012007.jpg|border|103x103px]]
| [[فائل:Tabaré26022007.jpg|border|99x99px]]
| [[فائل:Gisele_Bundchen3.jpg|border|105x105px]]
|-
| 
| [[فائل:Emorales.jpg|border|108x108px]]
| [[فائل:ShakiraRipoll_cropped_2.jpg|border|107x107px]]
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; | &lt;small&gt;ڏکڻ آمريڪا جون مشهور شخصيتون&lt;br&gt;
&lt;/small&gt;
|}
کنڊ جي اڪثريت ساحلي علائقن ۾ رهي ٿي. برازيل ايراضي ۽ آبادي جي لحاظ کان کنڊ جو سڀ کان وڏو ملڪ آهي ۽ کنڊ جي آبادي جو اڌ هتان کن تعلق رکي ٿو. گھڻي آبادي شهرن ۾رهي ٿي جن ۾ ڪافي شهر گھاٽي آبادي ۽ غير مغياري رهائشي سهولتن جي ڪري مسئلن جو شڪار آهن. برازيل جو شهر سائو پولو دنيا جي تيزي سان وڌندڙ شهرن مان هڪ آهي ۽ هن کنڊ جو سڀ کان وڏو شهر آهي. اميزون جا جھنگ ۽ انڊيز جو جابلو سلسلو نه جي برابر آباد آهن.

== معيشت ==
[[فائل:Buenos_Aires-Retiro(CatalinasNorte)-P3090004.JPG|thumb|[[بيونس آئرس]]، [[ارجنٽائن]] ، کنڊ جو ٻيو وڏو شهر]]
[[فائل:BOG187.JPG|thumb|[[بگوٽا]]، [[ڪولمبيا]]، کنڊ جو ٽيون وڏو شهر]]
ارجنٽائن کنڊ جو سڀ کان امير ملڪ آهي جتان جي عوام جو معيارِ زندگي ڪافي مٿي آهي. جڏهن ته گيانا ۽ بوليويا ڪمزور معيست ڪجي ڪري غريب ملڪ سمار ٿيندا آهن ۽ انهنجو ذياده تر انحصار خام مالن جي ڪاروبار تي هوندو آهي. ڪولمبيا ۽ ڪجهه ملڪن ۾ منشيات جي ڪاري ڪاروبار جي ڪري ڏوه ۽ بدعنواني تمام گھڻي آهي.

ڏکڻ آمريڪا ۾ زراعت روزگار جو سڀ کان اهم ذريعو آهي ۽ [[ڪافي]] ۽ [[ڪوڪو]] جي پوک کان علاوه مال پاليو ويندو آهي. سڀ کان وڌيڪ صنعتون برازيل ۾ آهن جنهن کان پوء ارجنٽائن، وينزيويلا ۽ [[چلي]] اچن ٿا. سمنڊ ڪناري واقع شهر ريوڊي جنيرو، ليما، سائو پولو۽ بيونس آئرس ۾ سڀ کان گھڻو روزگار ملي ٿو انجي ڪري هي شهر ڳوٺن مان لڏي ايندڙن سان ڀريا پيا آهن. سائو پولو برازيل جو سڀ کان وڏو صنعتي شهر آهي جتي لوه جو ڪم، ڪار ٺاهڻ، چمڙي وعيره جون مصنوعات ٺهن ٿيون. بوليويا ۽ ڪولمبيا جي پهاڙي علائقن ۾ ڪوڪا جا ٻوٽا پوکي انهن مان [[ڪوڪين]] تيار ڪئي ويندي آهي جنهن سان هتي غيرقانوني منشيات جو ڪاروبار گھڻو آهي. وينزويلا ۾ ماراڪائبو ڍنڍ تيل جي ذخيرن سان مالامال آهي ۽ هن کنڊ جو سڀ کان وڏو تيل جو ذخيرو آهي. تيل جي ڳولها سان وينزويلا ڏينهون ڏينهن ترقي پيو ڪري. _کڻ آمريڪا معدني وسيلن سان مالامال آهي جتي تيل کان علاوه ڪوئلي ۽ ٽامي جون به کاڻون آهن.

دنيا ۾ ملندڙ ڪيترائي ٻوٽا ڏکڻ آمريڪا جي پيداوار آهن جن ۾ ٽماٽو ۽ پٽاٽو قابلِ ذڪر آهن. اڄڪله ۡافي، ڪوڪا ، رٻڙ ، مڪئي ۽ ڪمند هتان جون اهم پوکون آهن جڏهن ته انڊيز جي وادين ۾ [[انگور]] به پوکيا وڃن ٿا.

کنڊ جو گھڻو حصو [[انٽارڪٽيڪا]] جي ويجھو هجڻ جي ڪري ڏاڍو ٿڌو علائقو آهي.

== ملڪ ==
گڏيل قومن موجب هيٺيان ملڪ ڏکڻ آمريڪا کنڊ ۾ آهن.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;float:center; text-align:center;&quot;
|-
! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | جھنڊو
! ملڪ/ٽیریٽري
! ایراضي {{efn|Land areas and population estimates are taken from ''The 2008 World Factbook'' which currently uses July 2007 data, unless otherwise noted.}}
! آبادي&lt;br /&gt;({{UN_Population|Year}}){{UN_Population|ref}}
! آبادي جی ڪثافت
! گاديء وارو شھر
! آفیشیل بولي ۾ نالو
|-
| {{flagg|pxx|Argentina|size=45}}
| [[ارجنٽائن]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;27,66,890 چورس ڪلوميٽر (10,68,300 چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;{{UN_Population|Argentina}}&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;'''14.3 ماڻهو في چورس ڪلوميٽر'''&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt; 
&lt;small&gt;(37 ماڻهو في چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| [[بيونس آئرس|بیونس آئرس]]
| Argentina
|-
| {{flagg|pxx|Bolivia|size=45}}
| [[بوليويا]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;10,98,580 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(4,24,160 چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;{{UN_Population|Bolivia (Plurinational State of)}}&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;8.4 ماڻهو في چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(22 ماڻهو في چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| [[لا پاز|لاپاز]]، [[سڪري]]  &lt;br /&gt;{{efn|[[La Paz]] is the administrative capital of [[Bolivia]]; [[Sucre]] is the constitutional and judicial capital of Bolivia.}}
| Bolivia/Mborivia/Wuliwya/Puliwya
|-
| {{flagg|pxx|Brazil|size=45}}
| [[برازيل]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;85,14,877 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(32,87,612 چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;

20,76,52,865,00000
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;20,76,52,865&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;22 ماڻهو في چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(57 ماڻهو في چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| [[برازيليا|برازیلیا]]
| Brasil
|-
| {{flagg|pxx|Chile|size=45}}
|  [[چلي]]{{efn|Includes [[Easter Island]] in the Pacific Ocean, a Chilean territory frequently reckoned in Oceania.}}
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;7,56,950 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(2,92,260 چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;{{UN_Population|Chile}}&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;22 ماڻهو في چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(57 ماڻهو في چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| [[سانٽياگو|سانتیاگو]] {{efn|[[Santiago, Chile|Santiago]] is the administrative capital of Chile; [[Valparaíso]] is the site of legislative meetings.}}
| Chile
|-
| {{flagg|pxx|Colombia|size=45}}
| [[ڪولمبيا]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;11,41,748 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(4,40,831 چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;{{UN_Population|Colombia}}&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;40 ماڻهو في چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(100 ماڻهو في چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| [[بگوٽا|بوگوٽا]]
| Colombia
|-
| {{flagg|pxx|Ecuador|size=45}}
| [[ايڪواڊور]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;3,83,560 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(1,09,480 چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;{{UN_Population|Ecuador}}&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;'''53.8 ماڻهو في چورس ڪلوميٽر'''&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(139 ماڻهو في چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| [[ڪيوٽو]]
| Ecuador/Ikwayur/Ekuatur
|-
| {{flagg|pxx|the=yes|Falkland Islands|size=45}}
| فالڪس آئیلینڊ (برطانیا)
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;12,173 چورس ڪلوميٽر (4,700 چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{UN_Population|Falkland Islands (Malvinas)}}
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;'''0.26 ماڻهو في چورس ڪلوميٽر'''&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(0.67 ماڻهو في چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| اسٽئنلي
| Falkland Islands
|-
| [[File:Flag of French Guiana.svg|50px]]
| فرينچ گيانا (فرانس)
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;91,000 چورس ڪلوميٽر (35,000 چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;{{UN_Population|French Guiana}}&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;2.1 ماڻهو في چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;5.4 ماڻهو في چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| ڪئيني پريفيڪچر 
| Guyane
|-
| {{flagg|pxx|Guyana|size=45}}
| [[گيانا]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;2,14,999 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(83,012 چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;{{UN_Population|Guyana}}&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;3.5&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;ماڻهو في چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(9.1 ماڻهو في چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| [[جارج ٽائون، گيانا|جارج ٽائون]]
| Guyana
|-
| {{flagg|pxx|Paraguay|size=45}}
| [[پيراگوئي]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;4,06,750 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(1,57,050 چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;{{UN_Population|Paraguay}}&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;'''15.6 ماڻهو في چورس ڪلوميٽر'''&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(40 ماڻهو في چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| [[اسانشيون]]
| Paraguay/Paraguái
|-
| {{flagg|pxx|Peru|size=45}}
| [[پيرو (ملڪ)|پيرو]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;12,85,220 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(4,96,230 چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;{{UN_Population|Peru}}&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;22 ماڻهو في چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(57 ماڻهو في چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| [[ليما]]
| Perú/Piruw/Piruw
|-
| {{flagg|pxx|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands|size=45}}
| &lt;sub&gt;'''&lt;small&gt;ڏکڻ جيورجیا  ۽ ڏکڻ سینڊوچ&lt;/small&gt;'''&lt;/sub&gt;  &lt;sup&gt;'''&lt;small&gt;آئیلینڏ (برطانیا)&lt;/small&gt;''' &lt;small&gt;{{efn|[[South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands]] in the [[Atlantic Ocean|South Atlantic Ocean]] has no permanent population, only hosting a periodic contingent of about 100 researchers and visitors.}}&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;3,093 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(1,194 چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| 20
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;0 ماڻهو في چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(0 ماڻهو في چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| ڪنگ ايڊورڊ پوائنٽ 
| South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
|-
| {{flagg|pxx|Suriname|size=45}}
| [[سورينام|سرينام]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;1,63,270 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(63,040 چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{UN_Population|Suriname}}
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;3 ماڻهو في چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(7.8 ماڻهو في چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| [[پاراماريبو]] 
| Suriname
|-
| {{flagg|pxx|Uruguay|size=45}}
| [[يوراگوائي|يوروگوئي]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;1,76,220 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(68,040 چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;{{UN_Population|Uruguay}}&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;'''19.4 ماڻهو في چورس ڪلوميٽر'''&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(50 ماڻهو في چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| [[مونٽي ويڊيو|مونٽيويڊيو]] 
| Uruguay/Uruguai
|-
| {{flagg|pxx|Venezuela|size=45}}
| [[وينيزويلا|وينزولا]]
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;9,16,445 چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(3,53,841 چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| {{UN_Population|Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)}}
| style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;sub&gt;'''&lt;small&gt;27.8&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;ماڻهو في چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;'''&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(72 ماڻهو في چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
| [[ڪاراڪاس|ڪاراڪس]] 
| Venezuela
|- class=&quot;sortbottom&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | ڪل &lt;small&gt;(ڏکڻ آمريڪا کنڊ)&lt;/small&gt;
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1,78,24,513&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;sup&gt;چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(68,82,083&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;sup&gt;چورس ميل)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/small&gt;
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;42,04,58,044&lt;/small&gt;
! style=&quot;text-align:right;&quot;| &lt;small&gt;21.5 ماڻهو في چورس ڪلوميٽر&lt;/small&gt;
&lt;small&gt;(56 ماڻهو في چورس ميل)&lt;/small&gt;
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |
|}

==حڪومت ۽ سياست==
{{See also|لاطيني آمريڪا ۽ ڪيريبين ۾ جمهوريت}}
[[File:UNASUR (Ecuador).jpg|thumb|ڪيوٽو، ايڪواڊور ۾ UNASUR جو هيڊ ڪوارٽر]]
تاريخي طور تي، هسپانوي ملڪ ريپبلڪن ڊڪٽيٽرشپ،  ڪيڊيلوس جي اڳواڻي ۾ قائم ڪيا ويا. برازيل صرف هڪ استثنا هو، پنهنجي پهرين 67 سالن جي آزاديءَ لاءِ آئيني بادشاهت جي حيثيت سان، جيستائين هڪ فوجي بغاوت ان کی هڪ  جمهوريه بنائن جو اعلان ڪيو. 19ھین صدي جي آخر ۾، سڀ کان وڌيڪ جمهوري ملڪ برازيل، چلي، ارجنٽائن ۽ يوراگوئي هئا.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R1KBWX329uIC&amp;q=late+19th+century+most+democratic+South+American+countries&amp;pg=PA219|title=Toward Pro-poor Policies: Aid, Institutions, and Globalization|last1=Tungodden|first1=Bertil|last2=Stern|first2=Nicholas Herbert|last3=Stern|first3=Nicholas|last4=Kolstad|first4=Ivar|date=2004|publisher=World Bank Publications|isbn=978-0821353882|page=219|language=en|access-date=28 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414154848/https://books.google.com/books?id=R1KBWX329uIC&amp;q=late+19th+century+most+democratic+South+American+countries&amp;pg=PA219|archive-date=14 April 2021|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

سڀ ڏکڻ آمريڪي ملڪ، سواءِ سورينام جي، هڪ پارلياماني جمهوريه، صدارتي جمهوريه آهن. فرينچ گيانا هڪ ​​فرانسيسي اوورسيز ڊپارٽمينٽ آهي، جڏهن ته فاڪلينڊ ٻيٽ ۽ ڏکڻ جارجيا ۽ ڏکڻ سينڊوچ ٻيٽ برطانوي اوورسيز علائقا آهن. هي هن وقت دنيا ۾ بادشاهت کان سواءِ واحد آباد براعظم آهي؛ برازيل جي سلطنت 19 صدي عيسويء ۾ موجود هئي ۽ ڏکڻ ارجنٽائن ۽ چلي ۾ اروڪنيا ۽ پيٽاگونيا جي سلطنت قائم ڪرڻ جي ناڪام ڪوشش هئي. پڻ ويهين صدي ۾، سرينام هالينڊ جي بادشاهي جي هڪ جزوي سلطنت جي طور تي قائم ڪيو ويو ۽ گيانا پنهنجي آزاديء کان پوء 4 سالن تائين برطانوي بادشاهه کي رياست جي سربراهه طور برقرار رکيو. 

تازو، هڪ بين الاقوامي ادارو قائم ڪيو ويو آهي جنهن جو مقصد ٻن موجوده رواج يونين کي ضم ڪرڻ آهي: مرڪوسور ۽ اينڊين ڪميونٽي، اهڙيء طرح دنيا ۾ ٽيون نمبر وڏو واپاري بلاڪ ٺاهيندي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.globalpolicy.org/nations/sovereign/integrate/2008/1029newconsensus.htm|title=Globalpolicy.org|date=29 October 2008|publisher=Globalpolicy.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090429161020/http://www.globalpolicy.org/nations/sovereign/integrate/2008/1029newconsensus.htm|archive-date=29 April 2009|access-date=24 October 2010|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;  هي نئين سياسي تنظيم، يونين آف سائوٿ آمريڪن نیشنز جي نالي سان مشهور آهي، ماڻهن جي آزاد حرڪت، اقتصادي ترقي، گڏيل دفاعي پاليسي ۽ محصولن جي خاتمي جي ڪوشش ڪري ٿي.

==انفراسٽرڪچر==
===توانائي=== 
{{wide image|Itaipu Décembre 2007 - Vue Générale.jpg|1500px|Panoramic view of the [[Itaipu Dam]], the second largest of the world in energy production}}
ٽوپوگرافي جي تنوع جي ڪري ۽ پليويوميٽرڪ ورهاڱي جي حالتن جي ڪري، علائقي جي پاڻي جا وسيلا مختلف علائقن ۾ تمام گهڻو مختلف آهن. [[انڊيز|اينڊس]] ۾، نيويگيشن جا امڪان محدود آهن، سواءِ [[مگدالينا ندي]]، [[ٽٽيڪاڪا ڍنڍ]] ۽ [[چلي]] ۽ [[ارجنٽائن]] جي ڏاکڻين علائقن جي ڍنڍن جي. اتر۔اولهه [[پيرو]] کان [[پيٽاگونيا]] تائين زراعت لاء آبپاشي هڪ اهم عنصر آهي. سال 1960ع واري ڏهاڪي جي وچ تائين اينڊس جي ڄاڻايل بجليءَ جي 10 سيڪڙو کان به گهٽ صلاحيت استعمال ٿي چڪي هئي. [[برازيل]] جي هاءِ لينڊز ۾ اینڊس علائقي جي ڀيٽ ۾ هائيڊرو اليڪٽرڪ جي تمام گهڻي صلاحيت آهي ۽ ان جي استحصال جا امڪان تمام گهڻا آهن ڇاڪاڻ ته ڪيترن ئي وڏين ندين جي موجودگي جي ڪري وڏين وڏين ندين جي موجودگي ۽ وڏن فرقن جي واقعن جي ڪري وڏيون  تبديليون آهن، جهڙوڪ پولو افونسو، اگواڪو ۽ ٻيا. [[ايمازون درياهه]] جي سسٽم ۾ اٽڪل 13,000 ڪلوميٽر واٽر ويز آهن، پر هائيڊرو اليڪٽرڪ استعمال لاءِ ان جا امڪان اڃا تائين اڻڄاتل آهن. براعظم جي اڪثر توانائي هائيڊرو اليڪٽرڪ پاور پلانٽس ذريعي پيدا ٿئي ٿي، پر اتي پڻ ٿرمو اليڪٽرڪ ۽ ونڊ انرجي جو هڪ اهم حصو آهي. برازيل ۽ ارجنٽائن واحد ڏکڻ آمريڪي ملڪ آهن جيڪي هر هڪ ٻه ايٽمي پاور پلانٽس سان، ايٽمي طاقت پيدا ڪن ٿا. سال 1991ع ۾ انهن ملڪن هڪ پرامن ايٽمي تعاون جي معاهدي تي دستخط ڪيو.  

[[File:Energia Eolica.jpg|thumb|right|[[Wind power]] in [[Parnaíba]]]]
[[File:Angra dos Reis - usinas nucleares.jpg|thumb|[[Angra Nuclear Power Plant]] in [[Angra dos Reis]], Rio de Janeiro]]
[[File:Usina solar de Pirapora 2.gif|thumb|[[Pirapora Solar Complex]], the largest in Brazil and Latin America with a capacity of 321 MW]]
The Brazilian government has undertaken an ambitious program to reduce dependence on imported petroleum. Imports previously accounted for more than 70% of the country's oil needs but Brazil became self-sufficient in oil in 2006–2007. Brazil was the 10th largest oil producer in the world in 2019, with 2.8 million barrels / day. Production manages to supply the country's demand.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto3&quot;/&gt; In the beginning of 2020, in the production of [[petroleum|oil]] and natural gas, the country exceeded 4 million barrels of oil equivalent per day, for the first time. In January this year, 3.168 million barrels of oil per day and 138.753 million cubic meters of natural gas were extracted.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto2&quot;/&gt;

Brazil is one of the main world producers of [[hydroelectric power]]. In 2019, Brazil had 217 hydroelectric plants in operation, with an installed capacity of 98,581 MW, 60.16% of the country's energy generation.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url = https://cbie.com.br/artigos/quantas-usinas-geradoras-de-energia-temos-no-brasil/| title = How many power plants do we have in Brazil?| date = 5 April 2019| access-date = 4 December 2020| archive-date = 31 October 2020| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201031005818/https://cbie.com.br/artigos/quantas-usinas-geradoras-de-energia-temos-no-brasil/| url-status = live}}&lt;/ref&gt; In the total generation of electricity, in 2019 Brazil reached 170,000 megawatts of installed capacity, more than 75% from renewable sources (the majority, hydroelectric).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.aneel.gov.br/sala-de-imprensa-exibicao/-/asset_publisher/XGPXSqdMFHrE/content/brasil-alcanca-170-mil-megawatts-de-capacidade-instalada-em-2019/656877?inheritRedirect=false|title=Brasil alcança 170 mil megawatts de capacidade instalada em 2019 – Sala de Imprensa – ANEEL|website=www.aneel.gov.br|access-date=4 December 2020|archive-date=13 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413193140/https://www.aneel.gov.br/sala-de-imprensa-exibicao/-/asset_publisher/XGPXSqdMFHrE/content/brasil-alcanca-170-mil-megawatts-de-capacidade-instalada-em-2019/656877?inheritRedirect=false|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.energiaeambiente.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/IEMA-AGUA_vFinal.pdf|title=Uso de água em termoelétricas|date=1 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401075849/http://www.energiaeambiente.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/IEMA-AGUA_vFinal.pdf|archive-date=1 April 2018|language=pt}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 2013, the [[Southeast Region, Brazil|Southeast Region]] used about 50% of the load of the National Integrated System (SIN), being the main energy consuming region in the country. The region's installed electricity generation capacity totaled almost 42,500 MW, which represented about a third of Brazil's generation capacity. Hydroelectric generation represented 58% of the region's installed capacity, with the remaining 42% coming mostly from thermoelectric generation. São Paulo accounted for 40% of this capacity; Minas Gerais for about 25%; Rio de Janeiro for 13.3%; and Espírito Santo accounted for the rest. The [[South Region, Brazil|South Region]] owns the [[Itaipu Dam]], which was the largest hydroelectric plant in the world for several years, until the inauguration of [[Three Gorges Dam]] in China. It remains the second largest operating hydroelectric in the world. Brazil is the co-owner of the Itaipu Plant with [[Paraguay]]: the dam is located on the [[Paraná River]], located on the border between countries. It has an installed generation capacity of 14 GW for 20 generating units of 700 MW each. [[North Region, Brazil|North Region]] has large hydroelectric plants, such as [[Belo Monte Dam]] and [[Tucuruí Dam]], which produce much of the national energy. Brazil's hydroelectric potential has not yet been fully exploited, so the country still has the capacity to build several renewable energy plants in its territory.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://web.bndes.gov.br/bib/jspui/bitstream/1408/4401/1/O%20BNDES%20e%20a%20quest%C3%A3o%20energ%C3%A9tica%20e%20logistica%20na%20Regi%C3%A3o%20Sudeste_5_P.pdf|title=O BNDES e a questão energética e logística da Região Sudeste|access-date=4 December 2020|archive-date=9 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709090411/https://web.bndes.gov.br/bib/jspui/bitstream/1408/4401/1/O%20BNDES%20e%20a%20quest%c3%a3o%20energ%c3%a9tica%20e%20logistica%20na%20Regi%c3%a3o%20Sudeste_5_P.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/hybiggest.html|title=Power: World's biggest hydroelectric facility|date=19 May 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060519000659/http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/hybiggest.html|archive-date=19 May 2006}}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{As of|2022|7|url=http://www.ons.org.br/paginas/conhecimento/acervo-digital/documentos-e-publicacoes|post=,}} according to ONS, total installed capacity of [[wind power]] was 22 GW, with average [[capacity factor]] of 58%.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ons.org.br/AcervoDigitalDocumentosEPublicacoes/Boletim%20Mensal%20de%20Gera%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20E%C3%B3lica%202021-02.pdf|title=Boletim Mensal de Geração Eólica Fevereiro/2021|language=pt|date=20 February 2021|publisher=Operador Nacional do Sistema Elétrico – ONS|pages=6, 14|access-date=7 April 2021|archive-date=10 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410221330/http://www.ons.org.br/AcervoDigitalDocumentosEPublicacoes/Boletim%20Mensal%20de%20Gera%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20E%C3%B3lica%202021-02.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://megawhat.energy/news/147158/eolica-supera-22-gw-em-operacao-no-brasil|title=Eólica supera 22 GW em operação no Brasil|date=21 July 2022|publisher=Megawhar|access-date=2 August 2022|language=pt-br}}&lt;/ref&gt; While the world average wind production capacity factors is 24.7%, there are areas in Northern Brazil, specially in Bahia State, where some wind farms record with average capacity factors over 60%;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.brasil.gov.br/noticias/infraestrutura/2014/12/brasil-e-o-pais-com-melhor-fator-de-aproveitamento-da-energia-eolica|title=Brasil é o país com melhor fator de aproveitamento da energia eólica|work=Governo do Brasil|access-date=7 October 2018|language=pt-BR|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007223102/http://www.brasil.gov.br/noticias/infraestrutura/2014/12/brasil-e-o-pais-com-melhor-fator-de-aproveitamento-da-energia-eolica|archive-date=7 October 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.capitalinvest-group.com/en/invest-in-brazil-ma-guide/|title=Invest in Brazil|date=23 August 2018|work=Capital Invest: Top M&amp;A Financial Advisors in Brazil (Sao Paulo)|access-date=7 October 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=13 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210113040339/https://www.capitalinvest-group.com/en/invest-in-brazil-ma-guide/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; the average capacity factor in the [[Northeast Region, Brazil|Northeast Region]] is 45% in the coast and 49% in the interior.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.epe.gov.br/sites-pt/publicacoes-dados-abertos/publicacoes/PublicacoesArquivos/publicacao-233/topico-520/Boletim_2020_Q1.pdf|title=Boletim Trimestral de Energia Eólica – Junho de 2020|language=pt-BR|publisher=Empresa de Pesquisa Energética|date=23 June 2020|page=4|access-date=24 October 2020|archive-date=11 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811053611/https://www.epe.gov.br/sites-pt/publicacoes-dados-abertos/publicacoes/PublicacoesArquivos/publicacao-233/topico-520/Boletim_2020_Q1.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2019, wind energy represented 9% of the energy generated in the country.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{cite web| url = https://cbie.com.br/artigos/quantas-usinas-geradoras-de-energia-temos-no-brasil/| title = Quantas usinas geradoras de energia temos no Brasil?| date = 5 April 2019| access-date = 4 December 2020| archive-date = 31 October 2020| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201031005818/https://cbie.com.br/artigos/quantas-usinas-geradoras-de-energia-temos-no-brasil/| url-status = live}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2019, it was estimated that the country had an estimated wind power generation potential of around 522 GW (this, only onshore), enough energy to meet three times the country's current demand.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://revistapesquisa.fapesp.br/ventos-promissores-a-caminho/|title=Ventos promissores a caminho|website=revistapesquisa.fapesp.br|access-date=4 December 2020|archive-date=29 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129102108/https://revistapesquisa.fapesp.br/ventos-promissores-a-caminho/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url = http://www2.ctee.com.br/brazilwindpower/2016/zpublisher/materia/?url=potencial-eolico-onshore-brasileiro-pode-ser-de-880-gw-indica-estudo-20161026| title = Brazilian onshore wind potential could be 880 GW, study indicates| access-date = 4 December 2020| archive-date = 14 August 2020| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200814221022/http://www2.ctee.com.br/brazilwindpower/2016/zpublisher/materia/?url=potencial-eolico-onshore-brasileiro-pode-ser-de-880-gw-indica-estudo-20161026| url-status = live}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2021 Brazil was the 7th country in the world in terms of installed wind power (21 GW),&lt;ref name=&quot;RENEWABLE CAPACITY STATISTICS 2021&quot;&gt;[https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2021/Apr/IRENA_RE_Capacity_Statistics_2021.pdf Renewable Capacity Statistics 2021]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2022/Apr/IRENA_RE_Capacity_Statistics_2022.pdf|title=Global wind statistics|date=22 April 2022|website=IRENA|language=en-US|access-date=22 April 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; and the 4th largest producer of wind energy in the world (72 TWh), behind only China, United States and Germany.&lt;ref&gt;[[Hannah Ritchie]] and [[Max Roser]], [https://ourworldindata.org/renewable-energy Wind Power generation]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto5&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2021/Apr/IRENA_RE_Capacity_Statistics_2021.pdf|title=Renewable Capacity Statistics 2021|access-date=23 April 2021|archive-date=24 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210824142125/https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2021/Apr/IRENA_RE_Capacity_Statistics_2021.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Nuclear energy accounts for about 4% of Brazil's electricity.&lt;ref name=uic&gt;{{cite web|publisher=Uranium Information Centre |url=http://www.uic.com.au/nip95.htm |title=Nuclear Power in Brazil. Briefing Paper # 95 |date=May 2007 |access-date=19 May 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070208105204/http://www.uic.com.au/nip95.htm |archive-date=8 February 2007 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The nuclear power generation monopoly is owned by [[Eletronuclear|Eletronuclear (Eletrobrás Eletronuclear S/A)]], a wholly owned subsidiary of [[Eletrobrás]]. Nuclear energy is produced by [[List of nuclear reactors#Brazil|two reactors]] at [[Angra Nuclear Power Plant|Angra]]. It is located at the Central Nuclear Almirante Álvaro Alberto (CNAAA) on the Praia de Itaorna in [[Angra dos Reis]], Rio de Janeiro. It consists of two [[pressurized water reactor]]s, Angra I, with capacity of 657 MW, connected to the power grid in 1982, and Angra II, with capacity of 1,350 MW, connected in 2000. A third reactor, Angra III, with a projected output of 1,350 MW, is planned to be finished.&lt;ref name=merco&gt;{{cite web |publisher=Mecropress |url=http://www.mercopress.com/Detalle.asp?NUM=9036 |title=Brazil plans to build seven nuclear reactors |date=23 October 2006 |access-date=19 May 2007 |archive-date=19 February 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070219171559/http://www.mercopress.com/Detalle.asp?NUM=9036 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{{As of|2022|10|url=http://www.ons.org.br/paginas/conhecimento/acervo-digital/documentos-e-publicacoes|post=,}} according to ONS, total installed capacity of [[photovoltaic solar]] was 21 GW, with average [[capacity factor]] of 23%. Some of the most [[Solar irradiance|irradiated]] Brazilian States are MG (&quot;Minas Gerais&quot;), BA (&quot;Bahia&quot;) and GO (Goiás), which have indeed world [[Solar irradiance|irradiation]] level records.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://sharenergy.com.br/quais-melhores-regioes-brasil-para-geracao-de-energia-fotovoltaica/|title=Quais as melhores regiões do Brasil para geração de energia fotovoltaica? – Sharenergy|date=3 February 2017|work=Sharenergy|access-date=7 October 2018|language=pt-BR|archive-date=7 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007223213/http://sharenergy.com.br/quais-melhores-regioes-brasil-para-geracao-de-energia-fotovoltaica/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ons.org.br/AcervoDigitalDocumentosEPublicacoes/Boletim%20Mensal%20de%20Gera%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20Solar%202020-09.pdf|title=Boletim Mensal de Geração Solar Fotovoltaica Setembro/2020|language=pt|date=13 October 2020|publisher=Operador Nacional do Sistema Elétrico – ONS|pages=6, 13|access-date=21 October 2020|archive-date=2 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201102012240/http://www.ons.org.br/AcervoDigitalDocumentosEPublicacoes/Boletim%20Mensal%20de%20Gera%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20Solar%202020-09.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2019, solar power represented 1.27% of the energy generated in the country.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;/&gt; In 2021, Brazil was the 14th country in the world in terms of installed solar power (13 GW),&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2022/Apr/IRENA_RE_Capacity_Statistics_2022.pdf Renewable Capacity Statistics 2022]&lt;/ref&gt; and the 11th largest producer of solar energy in the world (16.8 TWh).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal|url=https://ourworldindata.org/renewable-energy|title=Renewable Energy|first1=Hannah|last1=Ritchie|first2=Max|last2=Roser|first3=Pablo|last3=Rosado|date=11 October 2023|journal=Our World in Data|via=ourworldindata.org}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 2020, Brazil was the 2nd largest country in the world in the production of energy through [[biomass]] (energy production from solid biofuels and renewable waste), with 15,2 GW installed.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2021/Apr/IRENA_RE_Capacity_Statistics_2021.pdf |title=Renewable Capacity Statistics 2021 |page= 41 |access-date=24 May 2021 |archive-date=24 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210824142125/https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2021/Apr/IRENA_RE_Capacity_Statistics_2021.pdf |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt;

After Brazil, [[Colombia]] is the country in South America that most stands out in energy production. In 2020, the country was the 20th largest petroleum producer in the world, and in 2015 it was the 19th largest exporter. In natural gas, the country was, in 2015, the 40th largest producer in the world. Colombia's biggest highlight is in coal, where the country was, in 2018, the world's 12th largest producer and the 5th largest exporter. In renewable energies, in 2020, the country ranked 45th in the world in terms of installed wind energy (0.5 GW), 76th in the world in terms of installed solar energy (0.1 GW) and 20th in the world in terms of installed hydroelectric power (12.6 GW). [[Venezuela]], which was one of the world's largest oil producers (about 2.5 million barrels/day in 2015) and one of the largest exporters, due to its political problems, has had its production drastically reduced in recent years: in 2016, it dropped to 2.2 million, in 2017 to 2 million, in 2018 to 1.4 million and in 2019 to 877 thousand, reaching only 300,000 barrels/day at a given point. The country also stands out in hydroelectricity, where it was the 14th country in the world in terms of installed capacity in 2020 (16,5 GW). [[Argentina]] was, in 2017, the 18th largest producer in the world, and the largest producer in Latin America, of natural gas, in addition to being the 28th largest oil producer; although the country has the Vaca Muerta field, which holds close to 16 billion barrels of technically recoverable shale oil, and is the second largest shale natural gas deposit in the world, the country lacks the capacity to exploit the deposit: it is necessary capital, technology and knowledge that can only come from offshore energy companies, who view Argentina and its erratic economic policies with considerable suspicion, not wanting to invest in the country. In renewable energies, in 2020, the country ranked 27th in the world in terms of installed wind energy (2.6 GW), 42nd in the world in terms of installed solar energy (0.7 GW) and 21st in the world in terms of installed hydroelectric power (11.3 GW). The country has great future potential for the production of wind energy in the Patagonia region. Chile, although currently not a major energy producer, has great future potential for solar energy production in the Atacama Desert region. [[Paraguay]] stands out today in hydroelectric production thanks to the Itaipu Power Plant. [[Bolivia]] stand out in the production of natural gas, where it was the 31st largest in the world in 2015. [[Ecuador]], because it consumes little energy, is part of OPEC and was the 27th largest oil producer in the world in 2020, being the 22nd largest exporter in 2014.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.eia.gov/international/data/world/petroleum-and-other-liquids/annual-petroleum-and-other-liquids-production|title=International – U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)|website=www.eia.gov|access-date=4 December 2020|archive-date=27 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627013533/https://www.eia.gov/international/data/world/petroleum-and-other-liquids/annual-petroleum-and-other-liquids-production|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/KeyWorld2014.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141021020232/http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/KeyWorld2014.pdf|title=IEA. Key World Energy Statistics 2014. Natural Gas.|archivedate=21 October 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2249rank.|title=html CIA. The World Factbook. Natural gas – production.}}{{Dead link|date=March 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;auto5&quot;/&gt;

Transport:
Transport in South America is basically carried out using various modes including: roads, [[seaport]]s and airports. The railway and [[fluvial]] sector, although having more robust contemporary potential, are still somewhat treated in a secondary way.

====Roads====
[[File:Ruta Nacional 9 en Zárate hacia el noroeste.jpg|thumb|Ruta 9 / 14, in [[Zárate, Buenos Aires|Zarate]], Argentina]]

Due to the [[Andes Mountains]], [[Amazon River]] and [[Amazon Forest]], there have always been difficulties in implementing larger scale transcontinental or bioceanic highways. Practically the only route that existed was the one that connected Brazil to Buenos Aires, (in Argentina) and later to Santiago, (in Chile). However, in recent years, with the combined effort of countries, new routes have started to emerge, such as Brazil-Peru ([[Interoceanic Highway]]), and a new highway between Brazil, Paraguay, northern Argentina and northern Chile ([[Central Bi-Oceanic railway|Bioceanic Corridor]]).

Some of the most modern roads extend through northern and south-east Argentina; and south of Brazil, a vast road complex aims to link [[Brasília]], the federal capital, to the South, Southeast, Northeast and Northern regions of Brazil.

Brazil has more than 1.7 million km of roads, of which 215,000&amp;nbsp;km are paved, and about 14,000&amp;nbsp;km are [[divided highways]]. The two most important highways in the country are [[BR-101]] and [[BR-116]].&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://anuariodotransporte.cnt.org.br/2018/#|title=Anuário CNT do Transporte|website=anuariodotransporte.cnt.org.br|access-date=4 December 2020|archive-date=11 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191111012349/http://anuariodotransporte.cnt.org.br/2018/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Argentina has more than 600,000&amp;nbsp;km of roads, of which about 70,000&amp;nbsp;km are paved, and about 2,500&amp;nbsp;km are divided highways. The three most important highways in the country are [[National Route 9 (Argentina)|Route 9]], [[National Route 7 (Argentina)|Route 7]] and [[National Route 14 (Argentina)|Route 14]].&lt;ref name=&quot;auto1&quot;/&gt; Colombia has about 210,000&amp;nbsp;km of roads, and about 2,300&amp;nbsp;km are divided highways.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.mintransporte.gov.co/descargar.php?idFile=14090|title=Transporte en Cifras Estadísticas 2015|access-date=4 December 2020|archive-date=27 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127090803/https://www.mintransporte.gov.co/descargar.php?idFile=14090|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chile has about 82,000&amp;nbsp;km of roads, 20,000&amp;nbsp;km of which are paved, and about 2,000&amp;nbsp;km are divided highways. The most important highway in the country is the [[Chile Route 5|Route 5]] ([[Pan-American Highway]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web| url = http://www.mapas.mop.cl/cc2017/Cuadernillo/Cuadernillo_2017.pdf| title = Carta Caminera 2017| access-date = 4 December 2020| archive-date = 14 April 2021| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210414172426/http://www.mapas.mop.cl/cc2017/Cuadernillo/Cuadernillo_2017.pdf| url-status = live}}&lt;/ref&gt; These 4 countries are the ones with the best road infrastructure and with the largest number of double-lane highways.

In addition, there is a reputed [[Pan-American Highway]], which crosses Argentina and the Andean countries from north to south, although various stretches are unfinished.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=88271|title=A Gap in the Andes: Image of the Day |date=2 April 2015|website=Earthobservatory.nasa.gov|language=en|access-date=22 January 2017|archive-date=2 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202012127/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=88271|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Aviation====
[[File:Riodejaneiro aerea aeroportogaleao-131756(cut).jpg|thumb|[[Rio de Janeiro International Airport]]]]

In South America, [[commercial aviation]] has a magnificent expansion field, which has one of the largest traffic density lines in the world, Rio de Janeiro–São Paulo, and large airports, such as [[São Paulo–Congonhas Airport|Congonhas]], [[São Paulo–Guarulhos International]] and [[Viracopos]] (São Paulo), [[Rio de Janeiro–Galeão International Airport|Rio de Janeiro International]] and [[Santos Dumont Airport|Santos Dumont]] (Rio de Janeiro), [[El Dorado International Airport|El Dorado]] (Bogotá), [[Ministro Pistarini International Airport|Ezeiza]] (Buenos Aires), [[Tancredo Neves International Airport]] (Belo Horizonte), [[Afonso Pena International Airport|Curitiba International Airport]] (Curitiba), Brasilia, Caracas, Montevideo, Lima, [[Viru Viru International Airport]] (Santa Cruz de la Sierra), Recife, Salvador, Salgado Filho International Airport (Porto Alegre), Fortaleza, Manaus and Belém.

There are more than 2,000 airports in Brazil. The country has the second largest number of airports in the world, behind only the United States. [[São Paulo/Guarulhos International Airport|São Paulo International Airport]], located in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, is the largest and busiest in the country – the airport connects São Paulo to practically all major cities around the world. Brazil has 44 international airports, such as those in [[Rio de Janeiro/Galeão International Airport|Rio de Janeiro]], [[Brasília International Airport|Brasília]], [[Belo Horizonte International Airport|Belo Horizonte]], [[Salgado Filho International Airport|Porto Alegre]], [[Hercílio Luz International Airport|Florianópolis]], [[Marechal Rondon International Airport|Cuiabá]], [[Salvador International Airport|Salvador]], [[Recife/Guararapes–Gilberto Freyre International Airport|Recife]], [[Fortaleza Airport|Fortaleza]], [[Belém/Val-de-Cans International Airport|Belém]] and [[Eduardo Gomes International Airport|Manaus]], among others. Argentina has important international airports such as [[Ministro Pistarini International Airport|Buenos Aires]], [[Ingeniero Aeronáutico Ambrosio L.V. Taravella International Airport|Cordoba]], [[San Carlos de Bariloche Airport|Bariloche]], [[Governor Francisco Gabrielli International Airport|Mendoza]], [[Martín Miguel de Güemes International Airport|Salta]], [[Cataratas del Iguazú International Airport|Puerto Iguazú]], [[Presidente Perón International Airport|Neuquén]] and [[Ushuaia – Malvinas Argentinas International Airport|Usuhaia]], among others. Chile has important international airports such as [[Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport|Santiago]], [[Andrés Sabella Gálvez International Airport|Antofagasta]], [[El Tepual Airport|Puerto Montt]], [[Presidente Carlos Ibáñez del Campo International Airport|Punta Arenas]] and [[Diego Aracena International Airport|Iquique]], among others. Colombia has important international airports such as [[El Dorado International Airport|Bogotá]], [[José María Córdova International Airport|Medellín]], [[Rafael Núñez International Airport|Cartagena]], [[Alfonso Bonilla Aragón International Airport|Cali]] and [[Ernesto Cortissoz International Airport|Barranquilla]], among others. Other important airports are those in the capitals of Uruguay ([[Carrasco International Airport|Montevideo]]), Paraguay ([[Silvio Pettirossi International Airport|Asunción]]), Peru ([[Jorge Chávez International Airport|Lima]]), Bolivia ([[El Alto International Airport|La Paz]]) and Ecuador ([[Mariscal Sucre International Airport|Quito]]). The 10 busiest airports in South America in 2017 were: São Paulo-Guarulhos (Brazil), Bogotá (Colombia), São Paulo-Congonhas (Brazil), Santiago (Chile), Lima (Peru), Brasília (Brazil), Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), Buenos Aires-Aeroparque (Argentina), Buenos Aires-Ezeiza (Argentina), and Minas Gerais (Brazil).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.panrotas.com.br/aviacao/aeroportos/2018/10/brasil-tem-9-dos-maiores-aeroportos-da-america-latina_159919.html|title=Brasil tem 9 dos maiores aeroportos da América Latina|first=Artur Luiz|last=Andrade|date=29 October 2018|website=Portal Panrotas |access-date=4 December 2020|archive-date=11 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111125631/https://www.panrotas.com.br/aviacao/aeroportos/2018/10/brasil-tem-9-dos-maiores-aeroportos-da-america-latina_159919.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Seaports and harbors====
[[File:A Saúde dos Portos (7110638275).jpg|upright=.8|thumb|Port of Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brazil]]
The two main merchant fleets also belong to Brazil and Argentina. The following are those of Chile, Venezuela, Peru and Colombia. The largest ports in commercial movement are those of [[Buenos Aires]], [[Santos, São Paulo|Santos]], Rio de Janeiro, [[Bahía Blanca]], [[Rosario]], [[Valparaíso]], [[Recife]], [[Salvador, Bahia|Salvador]], Montevideo, [[Paranaguá]], [[Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul|Rio Grande]], [[Fortaleza]], [[Belém]] and [[Maracaibo]].

About ports, Brazil has some of the busiest seaports in South America, such as [[Port of Santos]], [[Port of Rio de Janeiro]], [[Port of Paranaguá]], [[Port of Itajaí]], [[Port of Rio Grande]], [[Port of São Francisco do Sul]] and [[Suape Port]]. Argentina has ports such as [[Port of Buenos Aires]] and [[Port of Rosario]]. Chile has important ports in [[Valparaíso]], [[Caldera, Chile|Caldera]], [[Mejillones]], [[Antofagasta]], [[Iquique]], [[Arica]] and [[Puerto Montt]]. Colombia has important ports such as [[Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca|Buenaventura]], [[Cartagena Container Terminal]] and [[Puerto Bolivar, Colombia|Puerto Bolivar]]. Peru has important ports in [[Callao]], [[Ilo, Peru|Ilo]] and [[Matarani]]. The 15 busiest ports in South America are: Port of Santos (Brazil), Port of Bahia de Cartagena (Colombia), Callao (Peru), Guayaquil (Ecuador), Buenos Aires (Argentina), San Antonio (Chile), Buenaventura (Colombia), Itajaí (Brazil), Valparaíso (Chile), Montevideo (Uruguay), Paranaguá (Brazil), Rio Grande (Brazil), São Francisco do Sul (Brazil), Manaus (Brazil) and Coronel (Chile).&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.cepal.org/sites/default/files/news/files/actividad_portuaria_2018.pdf|title=Port Activity of Latin America and the Caribbean 2018|access-date=4 December 2020|archive-date=14 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114132759/https://www.cepal.org/sites/default/files/news/files/actividad_portuaria_2018.pdf|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Rail====
Two primary railroads are continental: the Transandina, which connects [[Buenos Aires]], in Argentina to [[Valparaíso]], in Chile, and the Brazil–Bolivia Railroad, which makes it the connection between the port of [[Santos, São Paulo|Santos]] in Brazil and the city of [[Santa Cruz de la Sierra]], in Bolivia.

Two areas of greater density occur in the railway sector: the platinum network, which develops around the [[Platine region]], largely belonging to Argentina, with more than 45,000&amp;nbsp;km in length; And the [[Southeast Brazil]] network, which mainly serves the [[state of São Paulo]], [[state of Rio de Janeiro]] and [[Minas Gerais]].

The Argentine rail network, with 47,000&amp;nbsp;km of tracks, and at one stage was one of the largest in the world and continues to be the most extensive in Latin America. It came to have about 100,000&amp;nbsp;km of rails, but the lifting of tracks and the emphasis placed on motor transport gradually reduced it. It has four different trails and international connections with Paraguay, Bolivia, Chile, Brazil and Uruguay. The Brazilian railway network has an extension of about 30,000 kilometers. It is basically used for transporting ores.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/brazil/|title=Brazil – The World Factbook|website=www.cia.gov|date=8 November 2021|access-date=24 January 2021|archive-date=12 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210812124129/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/brazil/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; Chile has almost 7,000&amp;nbsp;km of railways, with connections to Argentina, Bolivia and Peru. Colombia has about 3,500&amp;nbsp;km of railways.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://continuidad-mintrans.nexura.com/|title=Ministerio de transporte|website=continuidad-mintrans.nexura.com|access-date=26 August 2021|archive-date=14 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614013720/http://continuidad-mintrans.nexura.com/|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;

====Waterways====
[[File:Mouths of amazon geocover 1990.png|thumb|The mouth of the Amazon River]]

South America has one of the largest bays of navigable inland waterways in the world, represented mainly by the [[Amazon basin]], the [[Platine basin]], the São Francisco and the Orinoco basins, Brazil having about 54,000&amp;nbsp;km navigable, while Argentina has 6,500&amp;nbsp;km and Venezuela, 1,200&amp;nbsp;km.

Among the main Brazilian [[waterway]]s, two stand out: [[Hidrovia Tietê-Paraná]] (which has a length of 2,400&amp;nbsp;km, 1,600 on the Paraná River and 800&amp;nbsp;km on the Tietê River, draining agricultural production from the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Goiás and part of Rondônia, Tocantins and Minas Gerais) and [[Hidrovia do Solimões-Amazonas]] (it has two sections: Solimões, which extends from Tabatinga to Manaus, with approximately 1600&amp;nbsp;km, and Amazonas, which extends from Manaus to Belém, with 1650&amp;nbsp;km. Almost entirely passenger transport from the Amazon plain is done by this waterway, in addition to practically all cargo transportation that is directed to the major regional centers of Belém and Manaus). In Brazil, this transport is still underused: the most important waterway stretches, from an economic point of view, are found in the Southeast and South of the country. Its full use still depends on the construction of locks, major dredging works and, mainly, of ports that allow intermodal integration. In [[Argentina]], the waterway network is made up of the La Plata, Paraná, Paraguay and Uruguay rivers. The main river ports are [[Zárate, Buenos Aires|Zárate]] and [[Campana Partido|Campana]]. The port of Buenos Aires is historically the first in individual importance, but the area known as Up-River, which stretches along 67&amp;nbsp;km of the Santa Fé portion of the Paraná River, brings together 17 ports that concentrate 50% of the total exports of the country.

====Public transport====
The main public transport in major cities is the bus. Many cities have a diverse system of metro and subway trains, the first of which was the [[Buenos Aires Underground|Buenos Aires subte]], opened 1913.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|newspaper=The Guardian|title=A short history of world metro systems – in pictures|last=Lin|first=Luna|location=London|date=10 September 2014|url=https://www.theguardian.com/cities/gallery/2014/sep/10/-sp-history-metro-pictures-london-underground-new-york-beijing-seoul|access-date=18 September 2018|archive-date=18 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918193728/https://www.theguardian.com/cities/gallery/2014/sep/10/-sp-history-metro-pictures-london-underground-new-york-beijing-seoul|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Santiago subway]]&lt;ref name=&quot;Home&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.metrosantiago.cl/guia-viajero |title=Guía del Viajero |publisher=Metro de Santiago |language=es |access-date=3 July 2015 |archive-date=28 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160328043055/http://www.metrosantiago.cl/guia-viajero |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; is the largest network in South America, with 103&amp;nbsp;km, while the [[São Paulo subway]] is the most heavily used, with more than 4.6 million passengers per day.&lt;ref name=&quot;2014ridership&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.metro.sp.gov.br/metro/numeros-pesquisa/demanda.aspx |title=Metro – Passengers |publisher=Companhia Do Metropolitano De São Paulo |language=pt |year=2014 |access-date=14 June 2014 |archive-date=15 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215094712/http://www.metro.sp.gov.br/metro/numeros-pesquisa/demanda.aspx |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Rio de Janeiro]] installed the continent's first railroad in 1854. Today the city has a diversified system of metropolitan trains, integrated with buses and subway. It has a Light Rail System called [[Rio de Janeiro Light Rail|VLT]], with small electrical trams at low speed, while [[São Paulo]] has inaugurated a [[Line 15 (São Paulo Metro)|monorail]]. In Brazil, an express bus system called Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), which operates in several cities, has been developed. [[Mi Teleférico]], also known as Teleférico [[La Paz]]–[[El Alto]] (La Paz–El Alto Cable Car), is an aerial cable car urban transit system serving the La Paz–El Alto metropolitan area in Bolivia.

==ثقافت==
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| caption1          = ٽيٽرو سولس، يوراگوئي
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ڏکڻ آمريڪن ثقافتي طور تي انهن جي مقامي ماڻهن، تاريخي لاڳاپو آئيبيرين پیننسولا ۽ آفريڪا سان ۽ دنيا جي چوڌاري مهاجرن جی لهرن کان متاثر آهن . ڏکڻ آمريڪي قومن ۾ موسيقي جي هڪ امير قسم آهي. ڪجھ مشهور صنفن ۾ ڪولمبيا کان ويلناٽو ۽ ڪومبيا، ڪولمبيا ۽ ايڪواڊور کان پاسيلو، برازيل مان سامبا، بوسا نووا ۽ ميوزڪ سرٽينيجا، وينزويلا مان جوروپو ۽ ارجنٽائن ۽ يوراگوئي مان ٽانگو شامل آھن. پڻ مشهور آهي غير تجارتي لوڪ صنف نوويا ڪنشيون   (Nueva Canción) تحريڪ جيڪا ارجنٽائن ۽ چلي ۾ قائم ڪئي وئي ۽ جلدي لاطيني آمريڪا جي باقي حصن تائين پکڙجي وئي.  

{{multiple image
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| caption2          = [[Carmen Miranda]], Portuguese Brazilian singer helped popularize [[samba]] internationally.
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People on the Peruvian coast created the fine guitar and [[cajon]] duos or trios in the most [[mestizo]] (mixed) of South American rhythms such as the Marinera (from Lima), the [[Tondero]] (from Piura), the 19th-century popular Creole Valse or Peruvian Valse, the soulful Arequipan Yaravi, and the early-20th-century Paraguayan [[Guarania (music)|Guarania]]. In the late 20th century, [[Rock en Español|Spanish rock]] emerged by young hipsters influenced by British pop and American rock. [[Music of Brazil|Brazil]] has a Portuguese-language pop rock industry as well a great variety of other music genres. In the central and western regions of Bolivia, Andean and folklore music like [[Diablada]], [[Caporales]] and [[Morenada]] are the most representative of the country, which were originated by European, Aymara and Quechua influences.

The [[Spanish American literature|literature]] of South America has attracted considerable critical and popular acclaim, especially with the [[Latin American Boom]] of the 1960s and 1970s, and the rise of authors such as [[Mario Vargas Llosa]], [[Gabriel García Márquez]] in novels and [[Jorge Luis Borges]] and [[Pablo Neruda]] in other genres. The Brazilians [[Machado de Assis]] and [[João Guimarães Rosa]] are widely regarded as the greatest Brazilian writers.

Food and drink:
{{Main|Cuisine of South America}}
Because of South America's broad ethnic mix, [[South American cuisine]] has African, Mestizo, South Asian, East Asian, and European influences. [[Bahia]], Brazil, is especially well known for its West African–influenced cuisine. Argentines, Chileans, Uruguayans, Brazilians, Bolivians, and Venezuelans regularly consume wine. People in Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, southern Chile, Bolivia and Southern Brazil drink [[mate (beverage)|mate]], an herb which is brewed. The Paraguayan version, [[terere]], differs from other forms of mate in that it is served cold. [[Pisco]] is a liquor distilled from grapes in Peru and Chile. Peruvian cuisine mixes elements from Chinese, Japanese, Spanish, Italian, African, Arab, Andean, and Amazonic food.

Plastic arts:
{{Main|Art of South America}}
[[File:Fernando Botero, Bird (1990), Singapore - 20040616.jpg|thumb|''Bird'' ([[UOB Plaza]], Singapore), sculpture of Colombian artist [[Fernando Botero]]]]
[[File:Laberinto Cromovegetal - Universidad Simón Bolívar.jpg|thumb|&quot;Chromovegetal Maze&quot; by [[Carlos Cruz-Diez|Carlos Cruz Diez]], in [[Caracas]]]]
The artist [[Oswaldo Guayasamín]] (1919–1999) from [[Ecuador]], represented with his painting style the feeling of the peoples of Latin America&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.andes.info.ec/es/noticias/guayasamin-pintor-ecuatoriano-retrato-sufrimiento-pueblos-latinoamericanos.html|title=Guayasamín, el pintor ecuatoriano que retrató los sufrimientos latinoamericanos|work=Andes, Agencia de Noticias|access-date=30 May 2017|archive-date=20 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170520210605/http://www.andes.info.ec/es/noticias/guayasamin-pintor-ecuatoriano-retrato-sufrimiento-pueblos-latinoamericanos.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; highlighting social injustices in various parts of the world. The Colombian [[Fernando Botero]] (1932–2023) was one of the greatest exponents of painting and sculpture was able to develop a recognizable style of his own.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.museobilbao.com/exposiciones/fernando-botero-186|title=Fenando Botero, Sala de Exposciones, Bilbao|website=Museo de Bellas Artes de Bilbao|access-date=30 May 2017|archive-date=28 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228090852/https://www.museobilbao.com/exposiciones/fernando-botero-186|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; For his part, the Venezuelan [[Carlos Cruz-Diez]] has contributed significantly to contemporary art,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.wallpaper.com/art/carlos-cruz-diez-unveils-new-work-in-washington-dc|title=Carlos Cruz-Díez redefines colour with new work|date=29 December 2015|website=Wallpaper*|access-date=30 May 2017|archive-date=25 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170625200239/https://www.wallpaper.com/art/carlos-cruz-diez-unveils-new-work-in-washington-dc|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; with the presence of works around the world.

Currently several emerging South American artists are recognized by international art critics: [[Guillermo Lora|Guillermo Lorca]]&amp;nbsp;– Chilean painter,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.mnba.cl/617/articles-46265_archivo_01.pdf|title=Museo de Bellas Artes de Chile|website=Museo de Bellas Artes|access-date=14 April 2017|archive-date=20 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020091408/http://www.mnba.cl/617/articles-46265_archivo_01.pdf|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=http://lifestyle.americaeconomia.com/articulos/pintor-guillermo-lorca-para-un-artista-el-miedo-que-ignoren-tu-obra-es-terrible|website=Life style|last=Oda Marín|first=Loreto|date=11 June 2014|publisher=America Economia|title=Pintor Guillermo Lorca: &quot;para un artista el miedo a que ignoren tu obra es terrible&quot;|language=es|access-date=30 May 2017|archive-date=28 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228091407/http://lifestyle.americaeconomia.com/articulos/pintor-guillermo-lorca-para-un-artista-el-miedo-que-ignoren-tu-obra-es-terrible|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Teddy Cobeña]]&amp;nbsp;– Ecuadorian sculptor and recipient of international sculpture award in France)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.europapress.es/comunicados/empresas-00908/noticia-comunicadolas-esculturas-teddy-cobena-favoritas-publico-20161219153436.html|title=Las esculturas de Teddy Cobeña las favoritas del público|work=Europa Press|date=19 December 2016|access-date=22 April 2017|archive-date=2 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202083751/http://www.europapress.es/comunicados/empresas-00908/noticia-comunicadolas-esculturas-teddy-cobena-favoritas-publico-20161219153436.html|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.eluniverso.com/vida-estilo/2015/06/12/nota/4956348/teddy-cobena-lleva-sus-esculturas-paris|title=Teddy Cobeña lleva sus esculturas a Paris|work=El Universo|access-date=22 April 2017|archive-date=2 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202070119/http://www.eluniverso.com/vida-estilo/2015/06/12/nota/4956348/teddy-cobena-lleva-sus-esculturas-paris|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |url=http://www.efe.com/efe/espana/comunicados/las-esculturas-de-teddy-cobena-favoritas-del-publico/10004010-MULTIMEDIAE_3129103 |title=Las esculturas de Teddy Cobeña las favoritas en Francia |work=EFE |date=19 December 2016 |access-date=30 May 2017 |archive-date=5 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170805102506/https://www.efe.com/efe/espana/comunicados/las-esculturas-de-teddy-cobena-favoritas-del-publico/10004010-MULTIMEDIAE_3129103 |url-status=live }}&lt;/ref&gt; and Argentine artist [[Adrián Villar Rojas]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1795873-adrian-villar-rojas-o-como-convertir-las-ruinas-en-un-exito-planetario|title=Adrián Villar Rojas o cómo convertir las ruinas en un éxito planetario|work=La Nacion|access-date=30 May 2017|archive-date=10 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610085208/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1795873-adrian-villar-rojas-o-como-convertir-las-ruinas-en-un-exito-planetario|url-status=live|accessdate=9 July 2024|archivedate=10 June 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610085208/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1795873-adrian-villar-rojas-o-como-convertir-las-ruinas-en-un-exito-planetario}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news|url=http://www.elcultural.com/noticias/arte/Tiempo-ficcion-de-Adrian-Villar-Rojas/8790|title=Tiempo-ficción de Adrián Villar Rojas|work=El Cultural|date=14 January 2016|access-date=30 May 2017|archive-date=28 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228080512/http://www.elcultural.com/noticias/arte/Tiempo-ficcion-de-Adrian-Villar-Rojas/8790|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt;&amp;nbsp;– winner of the Zurich Museum Art Award among many others.

Sport:
{{Main|Sport in South America}}

[[File:Aerea2 maracana.jpg|thumb|[[Maracanã Stadium]] in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil]]A wide range of sports are played in the continent of South America, with [[Association football|football]] being the most popular overall, while baseball is the most popular in Venezuela.

Other sports include basketball, [[cycle sport|cycling]], [[polo]], volleyball, [[futsal]], [[motorsports]], [[Rugby football|rugby]] (mostly in Argentina and Uruguay), [[handball]], tennis, golf, [[field hockey]], [[boxing]], and [[cricket]].

South America hosted its first [[Olympic Games]] in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 2016, and has hosted the [[Youth Olympic Games]] in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in 2018. A multi-sport event, the [[South American Games]], are held every four years. The first edition was held in [[La Paz]] in 1978 and the most recent took place in [[Santiago]] in 2014.

South America shares, with Europe, supremacy over football: all winners in the [[FIFA World Cup]] and [[FIFA Club World Cup]] have come from these two continents. Brazil has won the FIFA World Cup a record five times; Argentina three times, Uruguay twice. Five South American nations have hosted the tournament including the first edition in Uruguay (1930). Two were in Brazil (1950, 2014), Chile (1962), and Argentina (1978). South America is home to the longest-running international football tournament, the [[Copa América]], which has been contested since 1916. Argentina and Uruguay have [[List of Copa América finals|won the Copa América]] 15 times each, the most among all countries.

[[South American Cricket Championship]] is an international [[one-day cricket]] tournament played since 1995 featuring national teams from [[Sports in South America|South America]] and certain other invited sides including teams from North America, currently played annually but until 2013 was usually played every two seasons.

==پڻ ڏسو==


• [[انڊيز|اينڊيز جبلن جو سلسلو]] 

• [[ايمازون درياھہ|ايمازون دریاھہ]]

==خارجي لنڪس==
{{Sister project links|auto=yes}}
*
* {{Britannica|555844}} 
* [https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/resource-library-ancient-civilizations-south-america/ South America's Ancient Civilisations] at the [[National Geographic Society]]
* {{curlie|Regional/South_America}}
* [http://www.columbiagazetteer.org/ The Columbia Gazetteer of the World Online] [[Columbia University Press]]

{{Navboxes
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{{Continents of the world}}
{{Countries of South America}}
{{Regions of the world}}
}}
{{Authority control}}
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]
[[Category:South America| ]]
[[Category:Continents]]

== حوالا ==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:ڏکڻ آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:کنڊ]]
[[زمرو:دنيا]]</text>
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    <title>نيو يارڪ سٽي</title>
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      <text bytes="103267" sha1="lgt9l1u9f1ijzg01wcup00rdi60xzwk" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement &lt;!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --&gt;
| name                            = نيو يارڪ 
&lt;!--DO NOT change without discussion--&gt;
| official_name                   = &lt;!-- DO NOT add to this parameter without consensus --&gt;
| settlement_type   = شھر
| named_for                       = [[جيمز II(انگلينڊ)|جيمز، ڊيوڪ آف يارڪ]]
&lt;!-- images, nickname, motto ---&gt;| image_skyline                   = NYC Montage 2014 4 - Jleon.jpg
| imagesize                       = 305px
| image_caption  = گھڙيالي چڪر وانگر مٿان کان هيٺ:  وچ شھر وارو مينھٽن، ٽائمز اسڪوائر، يوني اسفيئر، بروڪلين پل، ھيٺيون مين ھيٽن [[ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر]] سميت، سينٽرل پارڪ، گڏيل قومن جو هيڊ ڪوارٽر ۽ آزادي جو مجسمو 
| image_flag = Flag of New York City.svg
| image_seal    = Seal of New York City (BW).svg
| image_blank_emblem    = NYC Logo Wolff Olins.svg
| blank_emblem_type   = [[ورڊ مارڪ]]
| nickname   = 
&lt;!-- maps and coordinates ------&gt;| image_map    = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=325|frame-height=325|zoom=9|frame-lat=40.782|frame-long=-73.965|type=shape-inverse|id=Q60|title=New York City}}
| mapsize       = 
| map_caption  = نيويارڪ شھر جو نقشو
| pushpin_map     = USA New York#USA#North America
| pushpin_relief          = 1
| pushpin_map_caption         = Location within the state of New York##Location within the United States##Location within North America
| pushpin_label      = نيو يارڪ شھر
| pushpin_label_position     = left
| coordinates                     = {{coord|40.7127|N|74.0059|W|region:US-NY|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint                   = &lt;!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) --&gt;
| coordinates_footnotes           = &lt;ref name=&quot;GR1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=April 23, 2011 |date=February 12, 2011 |title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!-- location ------------------&gt;| subdivision_type    =  [[ملڪ]]
| subdivision_name      = {{nowrap|{{flag|United States}}}}
| subdivision_type2  = [[آمريڪا|آمريڪا جي گڏيل رياستون]]
| subdivision_name2 = {{flag|New York}}
----
| subdivision_type3   = علائقو
| subdivision_name3    = مڊ ايٽلانٽڪ
| subdivision_type4    = ڪائونٽيون 
| subdivision_name4   = [[برونڪس]]  
&lt;br/&gt;بروڪلين&lt;br/&gt;مينھٽن&lt;br /&gt;ڪئينس&lt;br /&gt;اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ
----
| subdivision_type5     = ڪالوني 
| subdivision_name5    = نيو نيدر لينڊ &lt;br /&gt;نيويارڪ صوبو
&lt;!-- established ---------------&gt;| established_title  = قيام
| established_date     = 1624
| established_title1 = مختلف حصن کي گڏ ڪيو ويو
| established_date1    = 1898
| established_title2    = &lt;!-- Incorporated (city) --&gt;
 &lt;!-- government type, leaders --&gt;| government_footnotes            = &lt;ref name=&quot;MayorsOffice&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=the Mayor, New York City Office of |date=January 8, 2010 |url=http://www.nyc.gov/portal/site/nycgov/menuitem.e985cf5219821bc3f7393cd401c789a0/ |title=Biography |accessdate=January 8, 2010 |publisher=New York, City of |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100317115700/http://www.nyc.gov/portal/site/nycgov/menuitem.e985cf5219821bc3f7393cd401c789a0 |archivedate=March 17, 2010 |df=}}
&lt;/ref&gt;
| government_type     = ميئر-ڪائونسل
| governing_body   = نيو يارڪ ڪائونسل 
| leader_title     = ميئر
| leader_name  = بل ڊي بلاسيو (ڊيموڪريٽ)
&lt;!-- display settings ---------&gt;| total_type    = ڪل
| unit_pref    = Imperial 
&lt;!-- area ----------------------&gt;| area_footnotes  = &lt;ref name=&quot;GR1&quot; /&gt;
| area_total_sq_mi      = 468.484
| area_land_sq_mi   = 302.643
| area_water_sq_mi   = 165.841
| area_metro_sq_mi    = 13318
&lt;!-- elevation -----------------&gt;| elevation_footnotes     = &lt;ref name=&quot;GR3&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://geonames.usgs.gov |accessdate=January 31, 2008 |title=US Board on Geographic Names |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |date=June 23, 2018}} Search for feature ID 975772.&lt;/ref&gt;
| elevation_m      = 10
| elevation_ft    = 33
&lt;!-- population ----------------&gt;| population_rank    = پھريون نمبر وڏو شهر
| population_density_sq_mi    = {{#expr:8398748/302.643 round 0}}
| population_as_of   = [[2010 United States Census|2010]]
| population_total     = 8175133
| population_footnotes    = &lt;ref name=Census2010&gt;[https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/community_facts.xhtml Community Facts for New York city, New York] {{Webarchive|url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20150108070337/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml |date=2015-01-08 }}, [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed May 26, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_est    = 8398748
| pop_est_as_of         = 2018
| pop_est_footnotes     = &lt;ref name=2018Estimate /&gt;
| population_blank1_title    = [[Metropolitan statistical area|MSA (2018)]]
| population_blank1    = 1,99,79,477 
| population_blank2_title    = [[New York metropolitan area|CSA (2018)]]
| population_blank2     = 2,26,79,948  &lt;ref name=CombinedEst&gt;{{cite web |url=https://https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk
|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2018 – Combined Statistical Area; and for Puerto Rico – 2017 Population Estimates |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=April 27, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; ([[List of Combined Statistical Areas|1st]])
| population_demonym   = نيو يارڪر
| blank6_name    = جي ڊي پي (شھر جي، 2015ع)
| blank6_info  = 807 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=&quot;bea.gov&quot;&gt;https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gdp-county&lt;/ref&gt; (1st)
| blank7_name    = [[Gross metropolitan product|GMP]] (Metro, 2019)
| blank7_info   = 1.9  ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر 
&lt;!-- time zone(s) --------------&gt;| timezone1     = ايسٽرن ٽائيم زون
| utc_offset1     = −05:00
| timezone1_DST    =  ايسٽرن ٽائيم زون (اي ڊي ٽي)
| utc_offset1_DST       = −04:00
&lt;!-- postal codes, area code ---&gt;| postal_code_type     = زپ ڪوڊ 
| postal_code        = 100xx–104xx, 11004–05, 111xx–114xx, 116xx
| area_code   =  
212/646/332  /718/347/929 /917
&lt;!-- blank fields (section 1) --&gt;
| blank_name    = فيڊرل انفارميشن پراسيسنگ اسٽينڊرڊز
| blank_info       = 36-51000
| blank1_name     = جيوگرافڪ نيمز انفارميشن سسٽم فيچر شناخت
| blank1_info      = 975772
| blank2_name    = اھم ھوائي اڏا
| blank2_info   = جان ايف. ڪينيڊي انٽرنيشنل ايئرپورٽ، نيوآرڪ لبرٽي انٽرنيشنل ايئرپورٽ، لا گارڊيا ايئرپورٽ 
| blank4_name      = ڪميوٽر ريل
| blank4_info     = ايل ٽي آر ميٽرو نارٿ، اين جي ٽرانزٽ ريل آپريشن، ٽرانزٽ
| blank5_name    = ريپڊ ٽرانزٽ
| blank5_info    = نيو يارڪ شھر جي سب وي، اسٽيٽن آئلينڊ ريلوي، پئٿ ريلوي سسٽم
&lt;!-- blank fields (section 2) --&gt;| blank_name_sec2                 =  نيو يارڪ شھر جي پکيڙ ۾  وڏي ۾ وڏي ڪائونٽي 
| blank_info_sec2  =  ڪئينس
  – {{convert|109|sqmi|km2}}
| blank1_name_sec2  = آبادي ۾ وڏي ۾ وڏي ڪائونٽي 
| blank1_info_sec2    = بروڪلين (2,636,735 – 2015 est)&lt;ref name=BrooklynQuickFacts&gt;{{cite web |title=State &amp; County QuickFacts – Kings County (Brooklyn Borough), New York |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/36047.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=March 24, 2016 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160217175357/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/36047.html |archivedate=February 17, 2016 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| blank2_name_sec2  =  جي ڊي پي ۾ وڏي ۾ وڏي ڪائونٽي (2015)
| blank2_info_sec2   = مين ھيٽن – US$630 billion&lt;ref name=&quot;bea.gov&quot;/&gt;
| website   = [https://www.nyc.gov/ NYC.gov]
| population_density_km2    = auto
}}
''' نيو يارڪ شھر''' (&lt;small&gt;'''New York City'''&lt;/small&gt;) يا مختصر طور تي &quot;&lt;small&gt;'''NYC'''&lt;/small&gt;&quot; يا &quot;&lt;small&gt;'''NY'''&lt;/small&gt;&quot;، [[آمريڪا]] جو آبادي ۽ پکيڙ ۾ سڀ کان وڏو شھر آھي،&lt;ref name=2014NYCest2&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/22/nyregion/new-york-city-population.html |title=New York City’s Population Hits a Record 8.6 Million |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |accessdate=March 22, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; جنھن جي آبادي سال &lt;small&gt;'''2018'''&lt;/small&gt;ع ۾ '''&lt;small&gt;83,98,748&lt;/small&gt;''' ھئي.&lt;ref name=2018Estimate&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www1.nyc.gov/site/planning/data-maps/nyc-population/current-future-populations.page|title=NYC Population: Current and Projected Populations|website=www1.nyc.gov|access-date=2019-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھي شھر لڳ ڀڳ {{convert|302.6|sqmi|km2}} جي پکيڙ تي ڦهليل آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045216/3651000 Quick Facts for New York city, New York], [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed February 9, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/html/stormwater/index.shtml Stormwater] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170125025731/http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/html/stormwater/index.shtml|date=January 25, 2017}}, [[New York City Department of Environmental Protection]]. Accessed February 9, 2017. &quot;These impervious surfaces cover approximately 72% of New York City's 305 square miles in land area and generate a significant amount of stormwater.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; اھو آمريڪا جو سڀ کان گھاٽي آبادي وارو شھر پڻ آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;density2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.governing.com/blogs/by-the-numbers/most-densely-populated-cities-data-map.html|title=Mapping the Nation's Most Densely Populated Cities|author=Mike Maciag|date=October 2, 2013|publisher=Governing – The States and Localities|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827080100/http://www.governing.com/blogs/by-the-numbers/most-densely-populated-cities-data-map.html|archivedate=August 27, 2016|accessdate=August 27, 2016|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[فائل:New York World's Fair August 1964.jpeg|thumb|right|alt=A spherical sculpture and several attractions line a park during a World's Fair. |&lt;small&gt;ڪرونا پارڪ جتي يوني اسفيئر ڏيکاريل آهي&lt;/small&gt;]]
[[فائل:Statue of Liberty, NY.jpg|thumb|&lt;small&gt;ازادي جو مجسمو جيڪو لبرٽي ٻيٽ تي واقع آھي&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Statue of Liberty |work=World Heritage |publisher=UNESCO |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 |accessdate=July 18, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;]] ھي شھر دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏو ميٽروپوليٽن آهي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf|title=World Urban Areas|publisher=Demographia|year=2018|accessdate=March 27, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; ۽ دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏن آبادي وارن شھرن مان ھڪ آھي،&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.mongabay.com/cities_urban_01.htm |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091009143739/http://www.mongabay.com/cities_urban_01.htm |dead-url=yes |archive-date=October 9, 2009 |title=World's Largest Urban Areas [Ranked by Urban Area Population] |publisher=Rhett Butler |year=2003–2006 |accessdate=April 26, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.worldatlas.com/citypops.htm |title=Largest Cities of the World – (by metro population) |publisher=Woolwine-Moen Group d/b/a Graphic Maps |accessdate=April 26, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; جنھن جي آبادي سال 2018ع جي آدمشماري ۾ 1,99,79,477 ھئي. ھن کي دنيا جي معاشي طاقت وارو شھر پڻ چوندا آهن ۽ ھي الفا شھرن ۾ شامل آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.mori-m-foundation.or.jp/english/research/project/6/pdf/GPCI2009_English.pdf |title=Global Power City Index 2009 |publisher=The Mori Memorial Foundation |accessdate=June 1, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن کي ثقافتي شھر پڻ چوندا آهن،&lt;ref name=NYCWorld'sGreatestCity/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cultural2&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.iceland.is/iceland-abroad/us/nyc/cultural-affairs/ |title=Consulate General of Iceland New York Culture |publisher=Consulate General of Iceland New York |accessdate=July 1, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130205061848/http://www.iceland.is/iceland-abroad/us/nyc/cultural-affairs/ |archivedate=February 5, 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cultural3&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.latvia-newyork.org/english/ |title=Consulate of Latvia in New York |publisher=Consulate of Latvia |accessdate=July 1, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130208223706/http://www.latvia-newyork.org/english/ |archivedate=February 8, 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cultural4&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/Culture/intro.htm |title=Introduction to Chapter 14: New York City (NYC) Culture |publisher=The Weissman Center for International Business Baruch College/CUNY 2011 |accessdate=July 1, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130505181316/http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/culture/intro.htm |archivedate=May 5, 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;cultural5&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/371497 |title=New York, Culture Capital of the World, 1940–1965 / edited by Leonard Wallock ; essays by Dore Ashton&amp;nbsp;... [et al.] |publisher=National Library of Australia|accessdate=July 1, 2018|isbn=978-0-8478-0990-5 |year=1988 }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[وال اسٽريٽ]] (Wall Street)&lt;ref name=NYCDominantFinancialCenter&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-survey-markets/united-states-top-britain-second-in-financial-activity-think-tank-idUSKCN1LK2TM|title=United States top, Britain second in financial activity: think-tank|author=Huw Jones|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=September 4, 2018|accessdate=September 4, 2018|quote=Think-tank New Financial's study, which focuses on the “raw” value of actual domestic and international financial activity like managing assets and issuing equity, underscored the overall dominance of New York as the world's top financial center.|newspaper=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=WorldEconomicAndFinancialSuperCenter&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/top-8-cities-by-gdp-china-vs-the-us-2011-8 |title=Top 8 Cities by GDP: China vs. The U.S. |quote=For instance, Shanghai, the largest Chinese city with the highest economic production, and a fast-growing global financial hub, is far from matching or surpassing New York, the largest city in the U.S. and the economic and financial super center of the world. |publisher=Business Insider, Inc |date=July 31, 2011 |accessdate=July 1, 2018}}&lt;br /&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.thejobnetwork.com/new-york-city-the-financial-capital-of-the-world/ |title=New York City: The Financial Capital of the World |publisher=Pando Logic|accessdate=July 1, 2018|date=October 8, 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt; آمريڪا جو مالياتي ۽ نيو يارڪ شھر جو ميڊيا جو عالمي مرڪز آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.statista.com/chart/3299/new-york-is-the-worlds-media-capital/ |title=New York Is The World's Media Capital |author=Felix Richter |publisher=Statista |date=March 11, 2015 |accessdate=July 1, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NYCWorld'sMediaCapitalLargestPrideParade&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2017/05/first-nyc-pridefest-will-televised/ |title=ABC will broadcast New York's pride parade live for the first time |author=Dawn Ennis |publisher=LGBTQ Nation |date=May 24, 2017 |accessdate=September 26, 2018|quote=Never before has any TV station in the entertainment and news media capital of the world carried what organizer boast is the world's largest Pride parade live on TV.}}&lt;/ref&gt; نيو يارڪ واپار، تفريح، تحقيق، تعليم، ٽيڪنالاجي، سياست، سياحت، فن، فيشن ۽ راندين تي اھم اثر رکندڙ شھر آھي.&lt;ref name=&quot;FastPaceNYC1&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.fodors.com/world/north-america/usa/new-york/new-york-city/experiences/news/15-things-not-to-do-in-new-york-city|title=15 Things NOT to Do in New York City|author=Kelsy Chauvin|publisher=Fodor's|date=March 15, 2019|accessdate=March 23, 2019|quote=There are more than 8.6 million citizens of New York City, and they're pretty much all in a hurry. They're also shrewd, outspoken, and proudly able to survive in a metropolis that tends to punish the meek. The buzzing subway system alone is a symbol of how this city works: part ballet, part battlefield. Residents and visitors alike can see why New York is considered the greatest city in the world.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FastPaceNYC2&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Poliak |first=Shira |url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2009-11-19/features/0911180065_1_new-yorkers-fast-paced-big-apple |title=Adjusting To New York City |newspaper=Sun Sentinel |accessdate=November 1, 2015 |quote=Additionally, the fast-paced lifestyle of New York City demands adjusting. |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151203093200/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2009-11-19/features/0911180065_1_new-yorkers-fast-paced-big-apple |archivedate=December 3, 2015 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FastPaceNYC3&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/?id=tfsmDAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA50&amp;lpg=PA50&amp;dq=hurrying+feverish+electric+crowds+new+york#v=onepage&amp;q=hurrying%20feverish%20electric%20crowds%20new%20york&amp;f=false |title=Walking New York: Reflections of American Writers from Walt Whitman to Teju Cole |pages=46, 50, 131 |author=Stephen Miller |accessdate=May 10, 2017|isbn=978-0-8232-7425-3 |year=2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NewYorkMinuteDefinition&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/new%20york%20minute |title=Dictionary – Full Definition of ''New York Minute'|publisher=Merriam-Webster |accessdate=November 1, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھي شھر گڏيل قومن جي صدر مقام جو گهر پڻ آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[http://visit.un.org/content/plan-your-visit Plan your visit] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314234417/http://visit.un.org/content/plan-your-visit|date=March 14, 2017}}, [[United Nations]]. Accessed February 9, 2017. &quot;The Headquarters of the United Nations is located in New York City, along the East River. When you pass through the gates of the United Nations visitors' entrance, you enter an international territory. This 18-acre site does not belong to just one country, but to all countries that have joined the Organization; currently, the United Nations has 193 Member States.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ھي شھر بين الاقوامي سفارتڪاري جو پڻ مرڪز آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/ia/html/home/home.shtml |title=NYC Mayor's Office for International Affairs |publisher=The City of New York |accessdate=June 24, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150616080757/http://www.nyc.gov/html/ia/html/home/home.shtml |archivedate=June 16, 2015 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.digidiplomats.org/newyork/|title=Digital Diplomacy Coalition |publisher=Digital Diplomacy Coalition, New York|accessdate=August 11, 2018|quote=Established in 2014, DDC New York has partnered with the United Nations, major tech and social media companies, multiple governments, and NGOs to bring unique programs to the area community.}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن شھر جي بندرگاھه، نيويارڪ ھاربر دنيا جي وڏي ۾ وڏي قدرتي بندرگاھه آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/new-york-city/videos/new-york-harbor |title=New York City |publisher=A&amp;E Television Networks, LLC |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304110030/http://www.history.com/topics/new-york-city/videos/new-york-harbor |archivedate=March 4, 2016 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Port in a Storm: The Port of New York in World War II |url=http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/research_collections/research/history/hisportofnewyork.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429044423/http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/research_collections/research/history/hisportofnewyork.html |publisher=New York State Museum |accessdate=August 5, 2015 |archivedate=April 29, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[فائل:5 Boroughs Labels New York City Map.svg|thumb|upright=1.1|
نيويارڪ شھر جي پنج ڪائونٽيون:
{{legend|#4DAF4A|1.مين ھيٽن}}
{{legend|#FFFF33|2.بروڪلين}}
{{legend|#FF7F00|3.ڪئينس}}
{{legend|#E41A1C|4.برونڪس}}
{{legend|#984EA3|5.اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ}}|alt=A map with five insular regions of different colors.]]
ھي شھر پنج ضلعن يا ڪائونٽين تي مشتمل آهي. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/US_NYBOROUGHS.html |title=Boroughs of New York City |publisher=Ben Cahoon |year=2002 |access-date=October 5, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211145920/http://www.worldstatesmen.org/US_NYBOROUGHS.html |archivedate=February 11, 2012 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; جن جا نالا؛ بروڪلين، ڪئينس، مين ھيٽن، برونڪس ۽ اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ آھن جيڪي سال 1898ع ۾ ملائي ھڪ شھر ۾ تبديل ڪيا ويا.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.correctionhistory.org/html/chronicl/nycdoc/html/kbd_brnx.html |title=A 5-Borough Centennial Preface for Katharine Bement Davis Mini-History |publisher=The New York City Department of Correction |year=1997 |accessdate=October 26, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111023193440/http://www.correctionhistory.org/html/chronicl/nycdoc/html/kbd_brnx.html |archivedate=October 23, 2011 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; دنيا ۾ ارب پتي ماڻھن جو شھر سڏجندڙ ھي نيويارڪ سال 1624ع ۾ ھيٺين مينھٽن واري جاء تي &quot;ڊچ ريپلڪ&quot; جي ڪالوني ٺاھيندڙن قائم ڪيو ويو ۽ سال 1626ع ۾ کيس &quot;نيو ايمسٽرڊم&quot; جو نالو ڏنو ويو.&lt;ref name=&quot;u-s-history.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h2122.html |title=United States History – History of New York City, New York |accessdate=September 9, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; سال 1664ع ۾ اھو شھر ۽ ان جي چوڌاري واقع علائقا انگريزن جي قبضي ۾ آيا ۽ ان وقت جي برطانيا جي بادشاھه، [[چارلس ٻيون (انگلينڊ)|چارلس ٻئين]] اھو علائقو پنھنجي ڀاءُ [[جيمز ٻيون (انگلينڊ)|جيمز ٻئين، ڊيوڪ آف يارڪ]] کي ڏئي ڇڏيو جنھن ان شھر کي نيويارڪ جو نئون نالو ڏنو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm |title=Kingston: Discover 300 Years of New York History Dutch Colonies|publisher=National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior |accessdate=May 10, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; سال 1785ع کان 1790ع تائين ھي شھر [[آمريڪا]] جو گاديءَ جو هنڌ پڻ رھيو.&lt;ref name=senate&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.senate.gov/reference/reference_item/Nine_Capitals_of_the_United_States.htm |title=The Nine Capitals of the United States |publisher=[[United States Senate]] |accessdate=September 7, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; ۽ سال 1790ع کان وٺي ھي شھر ملڪ جو سڀ کان وڏو شھر رھندو آيو آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0027/tab01.txt |title=Rank by Population of the 100 Largest Urban Places, Listed Alphabetically by State: 1790–1990 |date=June 15, 1998 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=February 8, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; اوڻويھين ۽ ويھين صديءَ ۾ ھتي لکين ماڻھو لڏي آيا.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/statue-of-liberty |title=Statue of Liberty |publisher=A&amp;E Television Networks, LLC |accessdate=May 21, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن شھر ۾ لڳل مجسمو، &quot;اسٽيچو آف لبرٽي&quot; دنيا ۾ ملڪ جي امن ۽ آزادي جي ھڪ سڃاڻپ آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Statue of Liberty |work=World Heritage |publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre 1992–2011 |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 |accessdate=October 23, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

وال اسٽريٽ، مالي ضلعي، مئنهٽن ۾ بيٺل، نيو يارڪ شهر کي دنيا جو سڀ کان وڏو مالياتي ۽ فن ٽيڪ سينٽر ۽ دنيا جو سڀ کان وڌيڪ اقتصادي طور تي طاقتور شهر بڻائي ٿو. سال 2022ع تائين، نيو يارڪ ميٽروپوليٽن علائقو دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي ميٽروپوليٽن معيشت آهي، جنهن جي مجموعي ميٽروپوليٽن پيداوار 2.16 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر کان وڌيڪ آهي. نيو يارڪ ميٽروپوليٽن علائقي جي معيشت دنيا جي سڀني نون ملڪن کان وڏي آهي. چوويهه ڪلاڪ تيز ٽرانزٽ سسٽم هجڻ جي باوجود، نيو يارڪ شهري گاڏين جي ٽريفڪ جام ۾ دنيا جي اڳواڻي پڻ ڪري ٿو. هي شهر دنيا جي، انهن جي لسٽ ڪيل ڪمپنين جي مارڪيٽ سرمائيداري ذريعي، ٻن وڏين اسٽاڪ ايڪسچينج؛ نيو يارڪ اسٽاڪ ايڪسچينج (NYSE) ۽ نئسڊڪ (NASDAQ) جو گهر آهي. نيو يارڪ شهر عالمي سيڙپڪارن لاءِ قائم ڪيل محفوظ جنت آهي. سال 2023ع تائين، نيو يارڪ شھر، غير ملڪين لاءِ ۽ وڏي فرق سان ملڪ جي ڪنهن به شهر جي رهائشي ڪرائي جي لحاظ کان، دنيا جو سڀ کان مهانگو شهر  تي آهي ۽ پنجين ايونيو دنيا جي سڀ کان مهانگي شاپنگ اسٽريٽ آهي. نيو يارڪ شهر هڪ اهم فرق سان ارب پتي ماڻهن جي وڏي تعداد ۾، انتهائي اعليٰ خالص ماليت (ٽي ڪروڙ آمريڪي ڊالر کان وڌيڪ) ۽ دنيا جي ڪنهن به شهر کان وڏو ارب پتي ماڻهن جو گهر آهي. 

==نالو==
{{See_also|Nicknames of New York City}}
سال 1664ع ۾، نيويارڪ جو نالو ڊيوڪ آف يارڪ (بعد ۾ انگلينڊ جي بادشاهه جيمس ٻين) جي اعزاز ۾ رکيو ويو. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.qchron.com/editions/queenswide/new-amsterdam-becomes-new-york/article_dd6e910f-a882-5b2e-9771-a2caa1574e07.html|title=1664 New Amsterdam becomes New York Dutch rulers surrender to England|last=Badoe|first=Etta|date=November 11, 2015|publisher=[[Queens Chronicle]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170201120328/https://www.qchron.com/editions/queenswide/new-amsterdam-becomes-new-york/article_dd6e910f-a882-5b2e-9771-a2caa1574e07.html|archive-date=February 1, 2017|access-date=March 13, 2021|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; جيمس جو وڏو ڀاءُ، بادشاهه چارلس ٻيون، کيس نيو هالينڊ جي اڳوڻي علائقي جو مالڪ مقرر ڪيو، جنهن ۾ نيو ايمسٽرڊم جو شهر به شامل هو، جڏهن انگلينڊ جي بادشاهت ان کي ڊچ (ولنديزين) جي قبضي کان وٺي ڇڏيو.&lt;ref name=&quot;Archdeacon2013a2&quot;&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9bTxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT19|title=New York City, 1664–1710: Conquest and Change|last=Archdeacon|first=Thomas J.|publisher=[[Cornell University Press]]|year=2013|isbn=978-0-8014-6891-9|page=19|author-link1=Thomas J. Archdeacon}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

==تاريخ==
{{Main|History of New York City|Timeline of New York City}}
{{Further|History of Manhattan|Timeline of Brooklyn |Timeline of Queens|Timeline of the Bronx|Timeline of Staten Island}}

=== شروعاتي تاريخ ===
{{Main|نيو يارڪ جي تاريخ (ماقبل تاريخ کان 1664ع تائين)}}
پري-ڪولمبين دور ۾، اڄوڪي نيو يارڪ شهر جو علائقو Algonquians، جنهن ۾ Lenape به شامل هو، آباد هو. سندن وطن، جنهن کي Lenapehoking جي نالي سان سڃاتو وڃي ٿو، ان ۾ اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ، منهٽن، برونڪس، لانگ آئلينڊ جو الهندو حصو (بشمول بروڪلن ۽ ڪوئنز)، ۽ لوئر هڊسن وادي شامل آهن. نيو يارڪ هاربر ۾ پهريون دستاويزي دورو هڪ يورپين طرفان 1524 ۾ دريافت ڪندڙ Giovanni da Verrazzano پاران ڪيو ويو. هن فرانس لاءِ علائقي جي دعويٰ ڪئي ۽ ان جو نالو Nouvelle Angoulême رکيو. هڪ اسپيني مهم، جنهن جي اڳواڻي پورچوگالي ڪپتان ايسٽيو گومز ڪري رهيو هو، جيڪو شهنشاهه چارلس پنجين لاءِ سفر ڪري رهيو هو، جنوري 1525ع ۾ نيويارڪ هاربر تي پهتو ۽ هڊسن نديءَ جي وات جو نقشو چٽيو، جنهن جو نالو هن ريو ڊي سان انتونيو رکيو. 1609 ۾، انگريز محقق هينري هڊسن نيو يارڪ هاربر کي ٻيهر دريافت ڪيو، جڏهن ڊچ ايسٽ انڊيا ڪمپني لاء اتر اولهه طرف اوڀر طرف ڳولي رهيا هئا. هن ٻيڙيءَ تي چڙهيو، جنهن کي ڊچ نارٿ ريور (هاڻي هڊسن درياهه) سڏين ٿا، جنهن جو نالو هڊسن پهريون ڀيرو ماريشس جي نالي پٺيان موريس، پرنس آف نارنگي رکيو. هڊسن هن علائقي تي ڊچ ايسٽ انڊيا ڪمپنيءَ جي دعويٰ ڪئي. 1614 ۾، ڪيپ ڪوڊ ۽ ڊيلويئر بي جي وچ واري علائقي کي هالينڊ پاران دعوي ڪيو ويو ۽ نييو-نيدرلينڊ سڏيو ويو. نيو يارڪ شهر جو پهريون غير-آمريڪي رهواسي جوآن روڊريگيز هو، جيڪو سينٽو ڊومنگو جو هڪ واپاري هو، جيڪو 1613-14 جي سياري دوران منهٽن ۾ پهتو. 

the [[pre-Columbian era]], the area of present-day New York City was inhabited by [[Algonquian peoples|Algonquian]]s, including the [[Lenape]]. Their homeland, known as [[Lenapehoking]], included the present-day areas of [[Staten Island]], [[Manhattan]], [[the Bronx]], the western portion of [[Long Island]] (including [[Brooklyn]] and [[Queens]]), and the [[Lower Hudson Valley]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |first=Evan T. |last=Pritchard |year=2002 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c5hky9f5PgoC&amp;pg=PA27 |title=Native New Yorkers: The Legacy of the Algonquin people of New York |page=27 |publisher=Council Oak Books |isbn=1-57178-107-2 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The first documented visit into [[New York Harbor]] by a European was in 1524 by explorer [[Giovanni da&amp;nbsp;Verrazzano]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Debo2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Angie |last=Debo |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pLjYpwiuN_wC&amp;pg=PT28 |title=A History of the Indians of the United States |publisher=[[University of Oklahoma Press]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-0-8061-8965-9 |page=28 }}&lt;/ref&gt; He claimed the area for [[Kingdom of France|France]] and named it ''Nouvelle Angoulême'' (New [[Angoulême]]).&lt;ref name=&quot;rodgers&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rankin |first1=Rebecca B. |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.226262 |title=New York: The World's Capital City, Its Development and Contributions to Progress |last2=Rodgers |first2=Cleveland |publisher=[[Harper (publisher)|Harper]] |year=1948 }}&lt;/ref&gt; A Spanish expedition, led by the Portuguese captain [[Estêvão Gomes]] sailing for [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Charles&amp;nbsp;V]], arrived in New York Harbor in January 1525 and charted the mouth of the [[Hudson River]], which he named {{lang|es|Río de San Antonio}} ('Saint Anthony's River').&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author=WPA Writer's Project |title=A Maritime History of New York |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o08K8jlMI-IC |page=246 |publisher=Going Coastal Productions |year=2004 |isbn=0-9729803-1-8 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1609, the English explorer [[Henry Hudson]] rediscovered New York Harbor while searching for the [[Northwest Passage]] to the [[Orient]] for the [[Dutch East India Company]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Lankevich2002&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=George J. |last=Lankevich |url=https://archive.org/details/newyorkcity00geor |title=New York City: A Short History |publisher=[[NYU Press]] |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-8147-5186-2 |page=[https://archive.org/details/newyorkcity00geor/page/2 2] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; He sailed up what the Dutch called [[North River (Hudson River)|North River]] (now the Hudson River), named first by Hudson as the ''Mauritius'' after [[Maurice, Prince of Orange]].&lt;ref name=&quot;hudsonnni&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Hudson River |url=http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/history-and-heritage/digital-exhibitions/a-tour-of-new-netherland/hudson-river/ |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=[[New Netherland Institute]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Hudson claimed the region for the Dutch East India Company. In 1614, the area between [[Cape Cod]] and [[Delaware Bay]] was claimed by the Netherlands and called {{lang|nl|Nieuw-Nederland}} ('[[New Netherland]]'). The first non–Native American inhabitant of what became New York City was [[Juan (Jan) Rodriguez|Juan Rodriguez]], a merchant from [[Captaincy General of Santo Domingo|Santo Domingo]] who arrived in Manhattan during the winter of 1613–14, trapping for [[Fur|pelts]] and trading with the local population as a representative of the Dutch.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Roberts |first=Sam |date=October 2, 2012 |title=Honoring a Very Early New Yorker |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/10/02/honoring-a-very-early-new-yorker/ |access-date=October 28, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 14, 2013 |title=CUNY DSI Publishes Monograph on New York's First Immigrant |url=https://www.ccny.cuny.edu/news/juan-rodriguez-monograph |access-date=May 16, 2020 |publisher=[[The City College of New York]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dutch rule ===
{{Main|New Amsterdam|Fort Amsterdam|New Netherland}}
{{multiple image
| align             = right
| direction         = vertical
| width             = 220
| image1            = Stad Amsterdam in Nieuw Nederland (City Amsterdam in New Netherland) Castello Plan 1660.jpg
| caption1          = The [[Castello Plan]], a 1660 map of [[New Amsterdam]] in [[Lower Manhattan]]
| image2            = GezichtOpNieuwAmsterdam.jpg
| caption2          = [[New Amsterdam]], centered in what eventually became Lower Manhattan, in 1664, the year [[British colonization of the Americas|England]] took control and renamed it New York
}}

A permanent European presence near [[New York Harbor]] was established in 1624, making New York the [[List of North American settlements by year of foundation|12th-oldest continuously occupied]] European-established settlement in the [[continental United States]], with the founding of a Dutch [[Fur trade|fur trading]] settlement on [[Governors Island]]. In 1625, construction was started on a [[citadel]] and [[Fort Amsterdam]], later called ''Nieuw Amsterdam'' (New Amsterdam), on present-day Manhattan Island.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm Dutch Colonies], [[National Park Service]]. Retrieved May 19, 2007. &quot;Sponsored by the West India Company, 30 families arrived in North America in 1624, establishing a settlement on present-day Manhattan.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Tolerance&quot;&gt;[http://www.tolerancepark.org/id2.html GovIsland Park-to-Tolerance: through Broad Awareness and Conscious Vigilance], Tolerance Park. Retrieved February 9, 2017. See Legislative Resolutions Senate No. 5476 and Assembly No. 2708.&lt;/ref&gt;

The colony of New Amsterdam extended from the southern tip of Manhattan to modern-day [[Wall Street]], where a {{Convert|12|ft|adj=on}} wooden [[stockade]] was built in 1653 to protect against Native American and English raids.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/crash-selected-wall-street-chronology/ |title=Timeline: A selected Wall Street chronology |publisher=[[PBS]] |access-date=October 28, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1626, the Dutch colonial Director-General [[Peter Minuit]], as charged by the [[Dutch West India Company]], purchased the island of Manhattan from the ''Canarsie'', a small Lenape band,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |first1=Frederick M. |last1=Binder |first2=David M. |last2=Reimers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o08K8jlMI-IC |title=All the Nations Under Heaven: An Ethnic and Racial History of New York City |page=4 |year=1996 |isbn=0-231-07879-X |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; for &quot;the value of 60 [[Dutch guilder|guilders]]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.s4ulanguages.com/laet2.html |title=Pieter Schaghen Letter |year=1626 |quote=&quot;...&amp;nbsp;hebben t'eylant Manhattes van de wilde gekocht, voor de waerde van 60 gulden: is groot 11000 morgen.&amp;nbsp;...&quot; (&quot;...&amp;nbsp;They have purchased the Island Manhattes from the Indians for the value of 60 guilders. It is 11,000 morgens in size&amp;nbsp;...) |access-date=October 28, 2021 |website=S4ulanguages.com }}&lt;/ref&gt; (about $900 in 2018).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Value of the Guilder versus Euro |url=http://www.iisg.nl/hpw/calculate.php |access-date=July 25, 2019 |publisher=[[International Institute of Social History]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; A frequently told but disproved legend claims that Manhattan was purchased for $24 worth of glass beads.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Peter Schaghen Letter |url=http://www.nnp.org/nnp/documents/schagen_main.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101023083225/http://www.nnp.org/nnp/documents/schagen_main.html |archive-date=October 23, 2010 |access-date=October 28, 2010 |publisher=Nnp.org }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Miller |first1=Christopher L. |last2=Hamell |first2=George R. |date=September 1986 |title=A New Perspective on Indian-White Contact: Cultural Symbols and Colonial Trade |journal=[[The Journal of American History]] |volume=73 |issue=2 |pages=311–328 |doi=10.2307/1908224 |jstor=1908224 |issn=0021-8723 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Following the purchase, New Amsterdam grew slowly.&lt;ref name=&quot;npsnetherland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Dutch Colonies |url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=[[National Park Service]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; To attract settlers, the Dutch instituted the [[Patroon|patroon system]] in 1628, whereby wealthy Dutchmen (''patroons'', or patrons) who brought 50 colonists to New Netherland would be awarded land, local political autonomy, and rights to participate in the lucrative fur trade. This program had little success.&lt;ref name=&quot;locnetherland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Patroon System |url=http://frontiers.loc.gov/intldl/awkbhtml/kb-1/kb-1-2-2.html |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] |archive-date=March 19, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319082007/http://frontiers.loc.gov/intldl/awkbhtml/kb-1/kb-1-2-2.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Since 1621, the Dutch West India Company had operated as a [[monopoly]] in New Netherland, on authority granted by the [[States General of the Netherlands|Dutch States General]]. In 1639–1640, in an effort to bolster economic growth, the Dutch West India Company relinquished its monopoly over the fur trade, leading to growth in the production and trade of food, timber, tobacco, and slaves (particularly with the [[Netherlands Antilles|Dutch West Indies]]).&lt;ref name=&quot;npsnetherland&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nahcnetherland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Story of New Amsterdam |url=http://www.newamsterdamhistorycenter.org/bios/origins.html |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=New Amsterdam History Center }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1647, [[Peter Stuyvesant]] began his tenure as the last [[Director-General of New Amsterdam|Director-General]] of New Netherland. During his tenure, the population of New Netherland grew from 2,000 to 8,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Jacobs |first=Jaap |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vgnh3E5Mm0cC |title=The Colony of New Netherland: A Dutch Settlement in Seventeenth-Century America |publisher=[[Cornell University Press]] |year=2009 |page=32 |isbn=978-0801475160 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Eisenstadt |first1=Peter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tmHEm5ohoCUC&amp;q=New+Amsterdam+grew+from+under+2,000+to+8,000&amp;pg=PA1051 |title=The Encyclopedia of New York State |last2=Moss |first2=Laura-Eve |last3=Huxley |first3=Carole F. |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-8156-0808-0 |page=1051 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Stuyvesant has been credited with improving law and order; however, he earned a reputation as a [[despotism|despotic]] leader. He instituted regulations on liquor sales, attempted to assert control over the [[Dutch Reformed Church]], and blocked other religious groups from establishing houses of worship.&lt;ref name=&quot;nyhsstuyvesant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Peter Stuyvesant |url=http://www.nyhistory.org/peter-stuyvesant |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624011523/http://www.nyhistory.org/peter-stuyvesant |archive-date=June 24, 2016 |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[New-York Historical Society]] |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== English rule ===
{{Main|Province of New York|History of New York City (1665–1783)}}
{{multiple image
| align     = right
| direction = vertical
| width     = 220
| image1    = The fall of New Amsterdam cph.3g12217.jpg
| caption1  = ''[[The Fall of New Amsterdam]]'', painting by [[Jean Leon Gerome Ferris]], depicting the [[Conquest of New Netherland]]
| image2    = A_view_of_Fort_George_with_the_city_of_New_York,_from_the_SW.jpg
| caption2  = [[Fort Amsterdam|Fort George]] and New York with British warships, {{Circa|1731}}
}}

In 1664, unable to summon any significant resistance, Stuyvesant surrendered New Amsterdam to English troops, led by Colonel [[Richard Nicolls]], without bloodshed.&lt;ref name=&quot;nyhsstuyvesant&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nnistuyvesant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Peter Stuyvesant |url=http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/history-and-heritage/dutch_americans/peter-stuyvesant/ |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[New Netherland Institute]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; The terms of the surrender permitted Dutch residents to remain in the colony and allowed for religious freedom.&lt;ref name=&quot;lehrmanstuyvesant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The surrender of New Netherland, 1664 |url=http://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/early-settlements/resources/surrender-new-netherland-1664 |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1667, during negotiations leading to the [[Treaty of Breda (1667)|Treaty of Breda]] after the [[Second Anglo-Dutch War]], the victorious Dutch decided to keep the nascent plantation colony of what is now [[Suriname]], which they had gained from the English,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Treaty-of-Breda |title=Treaty of Breda |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=July 10, 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and in return the English kept New Amsterdam. The settlement was promptly renamed &quot;New York&quot; after the Duke of York (the future King James II and VII).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Homberger |first=Eric |title=The Historical Atlas of New York City: A Visual Celebration of 400 Years of New York City's History |publisher=Owl Books |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-8050-7842-8 |page=34 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The duke gave part of the colony to proprietors [[George Carteret]] and [[John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton|John Berkeley]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Miller |first=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=McEJCAAAQBAJ |title=James II (The English Monarchs Series) |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-300-08728-4 |pages=44–45 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

On August 24, 1673, during the [[Third Anglo-Dutch War]], [[Anthony Colve]] of the Dutch navy [[Dutch Raid on North America|seized New York]] at the behest of [[Cornelis Evertsen the Youngest]] and rechristened it &quot;New Orange&quot; after [[William III of England|William&amp;nbsp;III]], the [[Prince of Orange]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Roper2017&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=L. H. |last=Roper |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i8wnDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA215 |title=Advancing Empire |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-107-11891-1 |page=215 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The Dutch soon returned the island to England under the [[Treaty of Westminster (1674)|Treaty of Westminster]] of November 1674.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Van Luling |first=Todd |date=April 17, 2014 |title=8 Things Even New Yorkers Don't Know About New York City |work=[[HuffPost]] |url=https://huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/17/new-york-history-facts_n_5107337.html |access-date=September 13, 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Peter |last=Douglas |title=The Man Who Took Back New Netherland |url=http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/files/2813/5680/0659/Man_Who_Took_Back_NN.pdf |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[New Netherland Institute]] |archive-date=July 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708102432/http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/files/2813/5680/0659/Man_Who_Took_Back_NN.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Several intertribal wars among the Native Americans and [[epidemic]]s brought on by contact with the Europeans caused sizeable population losses for the Lenape between 1660 and 1670.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.penntreatymuseum.org/americans.php |title=Native Americans |publisher=Penn Treaty Museum |access-date=October 29, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; By 1700, the Lenape population had diminished to 200.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.gothamcenter.org/ &quot;Gotham Center for New York City History&quot;] Timeline 1700–1800&lt;/ref&gt; New York experienced several [[yellow fever]] epidemics in the 18th century, losing ten percent of its population in 1702 alone.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Pedro |last=Nogueira |url=http://jdc.jefferson.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&amp;context=yellow_fever_symposium |title=The Early History of Yellow Fever (PDF) |publisher=[[Thomas Jefferson University]] |year=2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/fever-timeline-yellow-fever-america/ |title=Timeline – Yellow Fever in America |publisher=[[Public Broadcasting Service]] (PBS) |access-date=October 30, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In the early 18th century, New York grew in importance as a [[port|trading port]] while as a part of the [[Province of New York|colony of New York]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Foote2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Thelma Wills |last=Foote |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cu4VfJPRsl4C&amp;pg=PA68 |title=Black and White Manhattan: The History of Racial Formation in Colonial New York City |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]], US |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-19-508809-0 |page=68 }}&lt;/ref&gt; It became a center of [[Slavery in the colonial United States|slavery]], with 42% of households enslaving Africans by 1730.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Oltman |first=Adele |date=October 24, 2005 |title=The Hidden History of Slavery in New York |url=http://www.thenation.com/article/hidden-history-slavery-new-york# |journal=[[The Nation]] |access-date=July 9, 2013 |archive-date=November 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191130043006/https://www.thenation.com/article/hidden-history-slavery-new-york/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Most were [[House slave|domestic slaves]]; others were hired out as labor. Slavery became integrally tied to New York's economy through the labor of slaves throughout the port, and the banking and shipping industries trading with the [[Southern United States|American South]]. During construction in [[Foley Square]] in the 1990s, the [[African Burying Ground]] was discovered; the cemetery included 10,000 to 20,000 graves of colonial-era Africans, some enslaved and some free.&lt;ref name=&quot;AsanteMazama2005&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Molefi Kete |last1=Asante |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RcBkDlJ7qjwC&amp;pg=PA33 |title=Encyclopedia of Black Studies |first2=Ama |last2=Mazama |first3=Marie-José |last3=Cérol |publisher=[[SAGE Publishing|SAGE]] |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-7619-2762-4 |page=33 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The 1735 trial and acquittal in Manhattan of [[John Peter Zenger]], who had been accused of [[seditious libel]] after criticizing [[List of colonial governors of New York|colonial governor]] [[William Cosby]], helped to establish [[freedom of the press]] in [[North America]].&lt;ref name=&quot;zenger&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Linder |first=Doug |year=2001 |title=The Trial of John Peter Zenger: An Account |url=http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/zenger/zengeraccount.html |publisher=[[University of Missouri–Kansas City]] |access-date=October 30, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1754, [[Columbia University]] was founded.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Moore |first=Nathaniel Fish |url=https://archive.org/details/anhistoricalske00univgoog |title=An Historical Sketch of Columbia College, in the City of New York, 1754–1876 |publisher=[[Columbia University]] |year=1876 |page=[https://archive.org/details/anhistoricalske00univgoog/page/n14 8] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== American Revolution ===
{{Further|American Revolution}}
[[File:BattleofLongisland.jpg|thumb|The [[Battle of Long Island]], one of the largest battles of the [[American Revolutionary War]], which took place in [[Brooklyn]] on August 27, 1776]]
The [[Stamp Act Congress]] met in New York in October 1765, as the [[Sons of Liberty]] organization emerged in the city and skirmished over the next ten years with British troops stationed there.&lt;ref name=&quot;BoyerClark2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Paul |last1=Boyer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O7NsCgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA100 |title=The Enduring Vision: A History of the American People, Volume 1: To 1877, Concise |first2=Clifford |last2=Clark |first3=Sandra |last3=Hawley |first4=Joseph |last4=Kett |first5=Andrew |last5=Rieser |publisher=[[Cengage Learning]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-111-78553-6 |page=100 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Battle of Long Island]], the largest battle of the [[American Revolutionary War]], was fought in August 1776 within modern-day Brooklyn.&lt;ref name=&quot;Reno2008&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Linda Davis |last=Reno |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KvhogpG5154C&amp;pg=PA3 |title=The Maryland 400 in the Battle of Long Island, 1776 |publisher=[[McFarland &amp; Company|McFarland]] |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-7864-5184-5 |page=3 }}&lt;/ref&gt; A British rout of the Continental Army at the [[Battle of Fort Washington]] in November 1776 eliminated the last American stronghold in Manhattan, causing [[George Washington]] and his forces to retreat across the Hudson River to [[New Jersey]], pursued by British forces.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/fort-washington Fort Washington], [[American Battlefield Trust]]. Accessed December 31, 2023. &quot;Fought on November 16, 1776 on the island of Manhattan, the Battle of Fort Washington was the final devastating chapter in General Washington's disastrous New York Campaign.... Seeing how precarious the American position was, Howe launched a three-pronged assault on Fort Washington and its outer defensive works. The combined British-Hessian assault force of 8,000 men grossly outnumbered the fort's 3,000 defenders.... At 3:00 P.M., after a fruitless attempt to gain gentler surrender terms for his men, Magaw surrendered Fort Washington and its 2,800 surviving defenders to the British.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Schenawolf, Harry. [https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/washingtons-retreat-across-new-jersey-a-british-fox-chase/ &quot;Washington's Retreat Across New Jersey: A British Fox Chase&quot;], Revolutionary War Journal, August 5, 2019. Accessed December 31, 2023.&lt;/ref&gt;

After the battle, in which the Americans were defeated, the British made the city their military and political base of operations in North America.&lt;ref&gt;[[Rohit Aggarwala|Aggarwala, Rohit T.]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/90018770 &quot;'I want a Packet to arrive': Making New York City the headquarters of British North America 1696-1783&quot;], ''New York History'', Winter 2017. Accessed December 29, 2023. &quot;One of New York City's key distinctions in the late colonial period was its role as the headquarters of the British Army in North America, almost continuously from 1755 to 1783.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The city was a haven for [[Loyalist (American Revolution)|Loyalist]] refugees and escaped slaves who joined the British lines for freedom promised by the [[British Crown|Crown]], with as many as 10,000 escaped slaves crowded into the city during the British occupation, the largest such community on the continent.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.amrevmuseum.org/revolution-stories/finding-freedom-deborah &quot;Finding Freedom: Deborah&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231230351/https://www.amrevmuseum.org/revolution-stories/finding-freedom-deborah |date=2023-12-31 }}, [[Museum of the American Revolution]], May 4, 2018. Accessed December 31, 2023. &quot;They ran to the British Army which offered freedom to enslaved people owned by rebel masters based on the 1779 Philipsburg Proclamation issued by British General Henry Clinton. Historians estimate that 10,000 enslaved people sought freedom by escaping to the British during the Revolutionary War.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Goulet, L.; and Tsaltas-Otoomanelli, Mary. [https://www.gothamcenter.org/blog/black-loyalists-evaculation-zy4la &quot;Black Loyalists In The Evacuation Of New York City, 1783&quot;], [[The Gotham Center for New York City History]], November 15, 2023. Accessed December 31, 2023. &quot;By 1783, New York City had become the largest fugitive slave community in North America.... Free and self-emancipated Black people entered New York City during the British occupation seeking protection.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; When the British forces [[Evacuation Day (New York)|evacuated]] New York at the close of the war in 1783, they transported thousands of [[freedmen]] for resettlement in [[Nova Scotia]], England, and the [[Caribbean]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Hinks2007&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Peter P. |last=Hinks |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3UXQs0uO0VMC&amp;pg=PA508 |title=Encyclopedia of Antislavery and Abolition |publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]] |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-313-33144-2 |page=508 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The attempt at a peaceful solution to the war took place at the [[Conference House]] on Staten Island between American delegates, including [[Benjamin Franklin]], and British general [[Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe|Lord Howe]] on September 11, 1776.&lt;ref&gt;Mattera, John. [https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/conference-house-park/dailyplant/19934 Conference House Park The Daily Plant : Thursday, September 7, 2006], [[New York City Department of Parks and Recreation]]. Accessed December 29, 2023.&lt;/ref&gt; Shortly after the British occupation began, the [[Great Fire of New York (1776)|Great Fire of New York]] destroyed nearly 500 buildings, about a quarter of the structures in the city, including [[Trinity Church (New York City)|Trinity Church]].&lt;ref&gt;Trinity Church bicentennial celebration, May 5, 1897, By Trinity Church (New York, N.Y.) p. 37, ISBN 978-1-356-90825-7&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/disasters/fires-1776.html New York City (NYC) The Great Fire of 1776], [[Baruch College]]. Accessed December 29, 2023. &quot;The fire started in a wooden building near White Hall Slip, called the Fighting Cocks Tavern, a fun house visited by the city's most disreputable residents. It was fanned by winds south west of the city and spread rapidly into the night, demolishing 493 buildings and houses in the process.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Post-revolutionary period and early 19th century ===
{{Main|History of New York City (1784–1854)}}
[[File:Washington's_Inauguration.jpg|thumb|A portrait of the [[first inauguration of George Washington]] in 1789]]
In January 1785, the assembly of the [[Congress of the Confederation]] made New York City the national capital.&lt;ref&gt;[https://declaration.fas.harvard.edu/blog/january-superintending-1 &quot;January Highlight: Superintending Independence, Part 1&quot;], [[Harvard University]] Declaration Resources Project, January 4, 2017. Accessed December 29, 2023. &quot;From January 11, 1785 through 1789, the Congress of the Confederation met in New York City, at City Hall (which later became Federal Hall) and at Fraunces Tavern.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; New York was the last capital of the United States under the [[Articles of Confederation]] and the first under the [[Constitution of the United States|Constitution]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Post-Revolutionary War&quot;/&gt; As the capital, New York City hosted the inauguration of the first President, [[George Washington]], and the first [[United States Congress|Congress]], at [[Federal Hall]] on [[Wall Street]]. Congress drafted the [[United States Bill of Rights|Bill of Rights]] there.&lt;ref name=&quot;Post-Revolutionary War&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine |title=The People's Vote: President George Washington's First Inaugural Speech (1789) |url=https://www.usnews.com/usnews/documents/docpages/document_page11.htm |magazine=[[U.S. News &amp; World Report]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080925045133/http://www.usnews.com/usnews/documents/docpages/document_page11.htm |archive-date=September 25, 2008 |access-date=September 1, 2008 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Supreme Court of the United States|Supreme Court]] held its first organizational sessions in New York in 1790.

In 1790, for the first time, New York City surpassed [[Philadelphia]] as the nation's largest city. At the end of 1790, the national capital was [[Residence Act|moved to Philadelphia]].&lt;ref name=&quot;residence act&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Residence Act |url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Residence.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222110855/https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Residence.html |archive-date=February 22, 2017 |access-date=April 23, 2017 |work=Web Guides: Primary Documents in American History |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |first=Robert |last=Fortenbaugh |url=https://www.senate.gov/reference/reference_item/Nine_Capitals_of_the_United_States.htm |access-date=October 30, 2021 |title=The Nine Capitals of the United States |year=1948 |pages=9 |publisher=[[United States Senate]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

During the 19th century, New York City's population grew from 60,000 to 3.43&amp;nbsp;million.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Smil |first=Vaclav |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=52yuDwAAQBAJ |title=Growth: From Microorganisms to Megacities |publisher=[[The MIT Press]] |year=2019 |isbn=978-0-262-04283-3 |page=336 |author-link=Vaclav Smil }}&lt;/ref&gt; Under New York State's [[gradual emancipation (United States)|gradual emancipation]] act of 1799, children of slave mothers were to be eventually liberated but to be held in [[indentured servitude]] until their mid-to-late twenties.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Negro Slavery in New York&quot; ([[Laws of New York|L. 1799, Ch. 62]])&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Harper |first=Douglas |year=2003 |title=Emancipation in New York |url=http://www.slavenorth.com/nyemancip.htm |work=Slave North |access-date=February 6, 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Together with slaves freed by their masters after the Revolutionary War and escaped slaves, a significant free-Black population gradually developed in Manhattan. The [[New York Manumission Society]] worked for abolition and established the [[African Free School]] to educate Black children.&lt;ref name=&quot;Divided&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nydivided.org/VirtualExhibit/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414223102/http://www.nydivided.org/VirtualExhibit/ |title=New York Divided: Slavery and the Civil War Online Exhibit |publisher=New-York Historical Society (physical exhibit) |date=September 3, 2007 |access-date=May 10, 2012 |archive-date=April 14, 2012 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; It was not until 1827 that [[History of slavery in New York (state)|slavery was completely abolished in the state]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nyhistory.org/community/slavery-end-new-york-state When Did Slavery End in New York State?], [[New-York Historical Society]]. Accessed January 16, 2024. &quot;In 1799, New York passed a Gradual Emancipation act that freed slave children born after July 4, 1799, but indentured them until they were young adults. In 1817 a new law passed that would free slaves born before 1799 but not until 1827.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Free Blacks struggled with discrimination and interracial abolitionist activism continued. New York City's population jumped from 123,706 in 1820 (10,886 of whom were Black and of which 518 were enslaved) to 312,710 by 1840 (16,358 of whom were Black).&lt;ref name=Census1790to1990/&gt;
[[File:Hippolyte_Sebron_-_Rue_De_New-York_En_1840.jpg|alt=A painting of a snowy city street with horse-drawn sleds and a 19th-century fire truck under blue sky|thumb|[[Broadway (Manhattan)|Broadway]], which follows the Native American [[Wecquaesgeek]] Trail through Manhattan, 1840&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Shorto |first=Russell |date=February 9, 2004 |title=The Streets Where History Lives |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/09/opinion/the-streets-where-history-lives.html |access-date=June 19, 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Also in the 19th century, the city was transformed by both commercial and residential development relating to its status as a national and [[International trade|international trading center]], as well as by European immigration, respectively.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Rosenwaike |first=Ira |url=https://archive.org/details/populationhistor00irar |title=Population History of New York City |date=1972 |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8156-2155-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/populationhistor00irar/page/55 55] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; The city adopted the [[Commissioners' Plan of 1811]], which expanded the city [[Grid plan#Early United States|street grid]] to encompass almost all of Manhattan. The 1825 completion of the [[Erie Canal]] through [[central New York]] connected the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] port to the agricultural markets and commodities of the North American interior via the Hudson River and the [[Great Lakes]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Bridges |first=William |title=Map of the City Of New York And Island Of Manhattan With Explanatory Remarks And References |year=1811}}; Lankevich (1998), pp. 67–68.&lt;/ref&gt; Local politics became dominated by [[Tammany Hall]], a [[political machine]] supported by [[Irish diaspora|Irish]] and [[German diaspora|German immigrants]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Mushkat |first=Jerome |url=https://archive.org/details/fernandowoodpoli0000mush |title=Fernando Wood: A Political Biography |publisher=[[Kent State University Press]] |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-87338-413-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/fernandowoodpoli0000mush/page/36 36] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1831, [[New York University]] was founded.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Communications |first=NYU Web |title=A Brief History of New York University |url=http://www.nyu.edu/content/nyu/en/faculty/governance-policies-and-procedures/faculty-handbook/the-university/history-and-traditions-of-new-york-university/a-brief-history-of-new-york-university |access-date=March 8, 2024 |website=nyu.edu |language=en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Several prominent American literary figures lived in New York during the 1830s and 1840s, including [[William Cullen Bryant]], [[Washington Irving]], [[Herman Melville]], [[Rufus Wilmot Griswold]], [[John Keese]], [[Nathaniel Parker Willis]], and [[Edgar Allan Poe]]. Members of the business elite lobbied for the establishment of [[Central Park]], which in 1857 became the first [[Landscape design|landscaped park]] in an American city.&lt;ref&gt;Waxman, Sarah. [https://www.ny.com/articles/centralpark.html &quot;History of Central Park, New York&quot;], NY.com. Accessed January 16, 2024. &quot;New York's Central Park is the first urban landscaped park in the United States.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[Great Famine (Ireland)|Great Irish Famine]] brought a large influx of Irish immigrants, of whom more than 200,000 were living in New York by 1860, representing over a quarter of the city's population.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Cholera in Nineteenth Century New York |url=http://www.virtualny.cuny.edu/cholera/1866/cholera_1866_set.html |website=Virtual New York |publisher=[[City University of New York]] |access-date=October 31, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Extensive immigration from the German provinces meant that Germans comprised another 25% of New York's population by 1860.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harris&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Leslie M. |last=Harris |author-link=Leslie M. Harris |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TZx6A_M0yjQC |title=In the Shadow of Slavery: African Americans in New York City, 1626–1863 |date=2003 |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |isbn=9780226317755 |at=Excerpted from pages 279–288 |section=The New York City Draft Riots |section-url=http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/317749.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author1=M.G. Leonard |title=H. Doc. 29-54 - Paupers and criminals. Memorial of the Corporation of the City of New York, relative to the exportation from abroad of paupers and criminals. January 25, 1847. Read, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/SERIALSET-00499_00_00-043-0054-0000 |website=GovInfo.gov |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |access-date=June 22, 2023 |pages=8–9 |date=January 20, 1847 |quote='Leaving their homes,' [immigrants] say, 'with the brightest prospects,' alluring representations presented to them of the blessed state of American life, a few scanty coins in their pockets, though feeling in the enjoyment of rugged health, and surrounded by their young and innocent offspring, little did they imagine the trials to which they would be exposed; but at length they discover to their sorrow, and very natural discontent, that the foul steerage of some ocean-tossed ship is to form the filthy receptacle of persons, crowded too with hordes of human beings, with scarcely space enough to contain the half of them—certainly not more than the ''quarter'' of them ''comfortably''; and thus huddled together ''en masse'', they become the &quot;''emigrant passengers''&quot; destined to this country. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== American Civil War ===
{{Main|New York City in the American Civil War|History of New York City (1855–1897)}}
[[File:The Departure of the 7th Regiment.jpg|thumb|Departure of the [[7th New York Militia Regiment]] for the defense of Washington, D.C., April 19, 1861]]
[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] candidates were consistently elected to local office, increasing the city's ties to the South and its dominant party. In 1861, Mayor [[Fernando Wood]] called on the [[Alderman|aldermen]] to declare independence from Albany and the United States after the South seceded, but his proposal was not acted on.&lt;ref name=&quot;Divided&quot; /&gt; Anger at new [[military conscription]] laws during the [[American Civil War]] (1861–1865), which spared wealthier men who could afford to hire a substitute, led to the [[New York City draft riots|Draft Riots of 1863]], whose most visible participants were ethnic Irish working class.&lt;ref name=&quot;Divided&quot; /&gt;

The draft riots deteriorated into attacks on New York's elite, followed by attacks on Black New Yorkers after fierce competition for a decade between Irish immigrants and Black people for work. Rioters burned the Colored Orphan Asylum to the ground.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harris&quot; /&gt; At least 120 people were killed.&lt;ref name=&quot;McPherson&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=McPherson |first1=James M. |last2=Hogue |first2=James Keith |url=https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0077430352 |title=Ordeal by Fire: The Civil War and Reconstruction |publisher=[[McGraw-Hill Education]] |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-07-743035-1 |page=399 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleven Black men were lynched over five days, and the riots forced hundreds of Blacks to flee. The Black population in Manhattan fell below 10,000 by 1865. The White working class had established dominance.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harris&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;McPherson&quot; /&gt; It was one of the worst incidents of [[List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States|civil unrest in American history]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Cook |first=Adrian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QNkeBgAAQBAJ |title=The Armies of the Streets: The New York City Draft Riots of 1863 |year=1974 |pages=193–195 |publisher=[[University Press of Kentucky]] |isbn=9780813162553 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Late 19th and early 20th century ===
{{Main|History of New York City (1898–1945)|History of New York City (1946–1977)}}
[[File:Mulberry Street NYC c1900 LOC 3g04637u edit.jpg|thumb|Manhattan's [[Little Italy, Manhattan|Little Italy]] in the [[Lower East Side]], {{Circa|1900}}]]

In 1886, the [[Statue of Liberty]], a gift from [[France]], was dedicated in New York Harbor. The statue welcomed 14 million immigrants as they arrived via [[Ellis Island]] by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and is a symbol of the United States and American ideals of liberty and peace.&lt;ref name=&quot;Statue of Liberty UNESCO&quot;&gt;[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 Statue of Liberty], [[UNESCO]]. Accessed December 28, 2023. &quot;Inaugurated in 1886, the sculpture stands at the entrance to New York Harbour and has welcomed millions of immigrants to the United States ever since.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nps.gov/stli/learn/historyculture/the-immigrants-statue.htm The Immigrant's Statue], [[Statue of Liberty National Monument]]. Accessed December 28, 2023. &quot;Between 1886 and 1924, almost 14 million immigrants entered the United States through New York. The Statue of Liberty was a reassuring sign that they had arrived in the land of their dreams.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1898, the City of New York was formed with the [[City of Greater New York|consolidation]] of Brooklyn (until then a separate city), the County of New York (which then included parts of the Bronx), the County of Richmond, and the western portion of the County of Queens.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The 100 Year Anniversary of the Consolidation of the 5 Boroughs into New York City |url=http://nyc.gov/html/nyc100/html/classroom/hist_info/100aniv.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011221627/http://nyc.gov/html/nyc100/html/classroom/hist_info/100aniv.html |archive-date=October 11, 2007 |access-date=October 28, 2010 |website=NYC100 Centennial Celebration }}&lt;/ref&gt; The opening of the [[New York City Subway]] in 1904, first built as separate private systems, helped bind the new city together.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cudahy2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Brian J. |last=Cudahy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UfodzizzrfQC&amp;pg=PA2 |title=The New York Subway: Its Construction and Equipment : Interborough Rapid Transit, 1904 |publisher=[[Fordham University Press]] |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-8232-2401-2 |page=2 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Throughout the first half of the 20th century, the city became a world center for industry, commerce, and communication.&lt;ref name=&quot;Blake2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Angela M. |last=Blake |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v36fyM6qswYC&amp;pg=PT63 |title=How New York Became American, 1890–1924 |publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-8018-8874-8 |pages=63–66 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1904, the [[steamship]] ''[[PS General Slocum|General Slocum]]'' caught fire in the [[East River]], killing 1,021 people.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sheard1998&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Bradley |last=Sheard |url=https://archive.org/details/lostvoyagestwoce0000shea |title=Lost Voyages: Two Centuries of Shipwrecks in the Approaches to New York |publisher=Aqua Quest Publications, Inc. |year=1998 |isbn=978-1-881652-17-5 |page=[https://archive.org/details/lostvoyagestwoce0000shea/page/67 67] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1911, the [[Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire]], the city's worst industrial disaster, killed 146 garment workers and spurred the growth of the [[International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union]] and major improvements in factory safety standards.&lt;ref name=&quot;cornell1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The 1911 Triangle Factory Fire |url=https://trianglefire.ilr.cornell.edu/ |access-date=February 9, 2017 |publisher=Kheel Center, [[Cornell University]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Old_timer_structural_worker2.jpg|alt=A man working on a steel girder high about a city skyline.|thumb|A [[construction worker]] atop the [[Empire State Building]] during its construction in 1930. The [[Chrysler Building]] is visible to the right.]]

New York's non-White population was 36,620 in 1890.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Rosenwaike |first=Ira |url=https://archive.org/details/populationhistor00irar |title=Population History of New York City |date=1972 |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8156-2155-3 |at=Table 30 |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; New York City was a prime destination in the early 20th century for Blacks during the [[Great Migration (African American)|Great Migration]] from the American South, and by 1916, New York City had the largest urban [[African diaspora]] in North America.&lt;ref name=&quot;GatesHigginbotham2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Henry Louis Jr. |last1=Gates |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E_vRLcgEdGoC&amp;pg=PR7 |title=Harlem Renaissance Lives from the African American National Biography |first2=Evelyn Brooks |last2=Higginbotham |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-19-538795-7 |page=7 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Harlem Renaissance]] of literary and [[Culture of New York City|cultural life]] flourished during the era of [[Prohibition in the United States|Prohibition]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Roche2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Linda De |last=Roche |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cOGOCgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PR18 |title=The Jazz Age: A Historical Exploration of Literature: A Historical Exploration of Literature |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-61069-668-5 |pages=18–19 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The larger economic boom generated construction of skyscrapers competing in height.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Willis |first1=Carol |title=Form Follows Finance: Skyscrapers and Skylines in New York and Chicago |date=1995 |publisher=Princeton Architectural Press |location=New York |isbn=9781568980447 |pages=41, 85, 165 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

New York City became the most populous [[urban area#United States|urbanized area]] in the world in the early 1920s, overtaking [[London]]. The metropolitan area surpassed 10&amp;nbsp;million in the early 1930s, becoming the first [[megacity]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=New York Urbanized Area: Population &amp; Density from 1800 (Provisional) |url=http://www.demographia.com/db-nyuza1800.htm |access-date=July 8, 2009 |publisher=[[Demographia]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Great Depression]] saw the election of reformer [[Fiorello La Guardia]] as mayor and the fall of Tammany Hall after eighty years of political dominance.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Allen |first=Oliver E. |title=The Tiger—The Rise and Fall of Tammany Hall |publisher=[[Addison-Wesley Publishing Company]] |year=1993 |isbn=978-0-201-62463-2 |chapter=Chapter 9: The Decline |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/tigerrisefalloft00alle }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Returning [[World War II]] veterans created a post-war [[Business cycle|economic boom]] and the development of large [[housing tract]]s in eastern Queens and [[Nassau County, New York|Nassau County]], with Wall Street leading America's place as the world's dominant economic power. The [[United Nations headquarters]] was completed in 1952, solidifying New York's global [[geopolitical]] influence, and the rise of [[abstract expressionism]] in the city precipitated New York's displacement of Paris as the center of the art world.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Burns |first=Ric |date=August 22, 2003 |title=The Center of the World—New York: A Documentary Film (Transcript) |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/newyork/filmmore/pt.html |access-date=September 1, 2008 |publisher=PBS |archive-date=June 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623065806/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/newyork/filmmore/pt.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Late 20th and early 21st centuries ===
{{Main|History of New York City (1978–present)|September 11 attacks}}
[[File:Stonewall_Inn_5_pride_weekend_2016.jpg|alt=A two-story building with brick on the first floor, with two arched doorways, and gray stucco on the second floor off of which hang numerous rainbow flags.|thumb|[[Stonewall Inn]] in [[Greenwich Village]], the site of the June 1969 [[Stonewall riots]] and the cradle of the modern [[gay rights|LGBTQ+ rights]] movement&lt;ref name=&quot;GayGreenwichVillage1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first=Julia |last=Goicichea |date=August 16, 2017 |title=Why New York City Is a Major Destination for LGBT Travelers |url=https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/usa/new-york/articles/why-new-york-city-is-a-major-destination-for-lgbt-travelers/ |access-date=February 2, 2019 |publisher=The Culture Trip }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Workforce Diversity The Stonewall Inn, National Historic Landmark National Register Number: 99000562 |url=http://www.nps.gov/diversity/stonewall.htm |access-date=May 1, 2011 |publisher=[[National Park Service]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |first=Eli |last=Rosenberg |date=June 24, 2016 |title=Stonewall Inn Named National Monument, a First for the Gay Rights Movement |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/25/nyregion/stonewall-inn-named-national-monument-a-first-for-gay-rights-movement.html |access-date=June 25, 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

In 1969, the [[Stonewall riots]] were a series of violent protests by members of the [[LGBT community|gay community]] against a [[police raid]] that took place in the early morning of June 28, 1969, at the [[Stonewall Inn]] in [[Greenwich Village]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Murphy2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Timothy |last=Murphy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FeWMAQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA572 |title=Reader's Guide to Lesbian and Gay Studies |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-135-94234-2 |page=572 }}&lt;/ref&gt; They are widely considered to be the single most important event leading to the [[gay liberation]] movement&lt;ref name=&quot;GayGreenwichVillage1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KentuckyStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Brief History of the Gay and Lesbian Rights Movement in the U.S. |url=http://www.uky.edu/~lbarr2/gws250spring11_files/Page1186.htm |access-date=September 2, 2017 |publisher=[[University of Kentucky]] |archive-date=November 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191118054142/http://www.uky.edu/~lbarr2/gws250spring11_files/Page1186.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PinkNewsStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first=Nell |last=Frizzell |date=June 28, 2013 |title=Feature: How the Stonewall riots started the LGBT rights movement |url=http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2013/06/28/feature-how-the-stonewall-riots-started-the-gay-rights-movement/ |access-date=August 31, 2017 |publisher=[[PinkNews]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EncycloStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Stonewall-riots |title=Stonewall riots |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=August 31, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; and the modern fight for [[LGBT rights by country or territory|LGBT rights]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NPSStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=June 2016 |title=Civil Rights at Stonewall National Monument |url=https://www.nps.gov/places/stonewall.htm |access-date=August 31, 2017 |publisher=[[National Park Service]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ObamaStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Obama inaugural speech references Stonewall gay-rights riots |url=http://www.northjersey.com/news/2012_Presidential_Election/Obama_inaugural_speech_references_Stonewall_riots.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530065722/http://www.northjersey.com/news/2012_Presidential_Election/Obama_inaugural_speech_references_Stonewall_riots.html |date=January 21, 2013 |archive-date=May 30, 2013 |access-date=July 2, 2013 |publisher=[[North Jersey Media Group]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wayne R. Dynes]], author of the ''[[Encyclopedia of Homosexuality]]'', wrote that [[drag queen]]s were the only &quot;[[transgender]] folks around&quot; during the Stonewall riots. The transgender community in New York City played a significant role in fighting for LGBT equality.&lt;ref name=&quot;TransEqualityNYC&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first=Cristan |last=Williams |date=January 25, 2013 |title=So, what was Stonewall? |url=http://transadvocate.com/so-what-was-stonewall_n_8424.htm |access-date=March 28, 2017 |publisher=The TransAdvocate }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Ford to City.PNG|thumb|right|October 1975 ''[[New York Daily News]]'' front page on President Ford's refusal to help the city avert bankruptcy|upright]]
In the 1970s, job losses due to [[Deindustrialization|industrial restructuring]] caused New York City to suffer from economic problems and rising crime rates.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Tannenbaum |first=Allan |title=New York in the 70s: A Remembrance |url=http://digitaljournalist.org/issue0402/at_intro.html |date=February 2004 |access-date=December 18, 2011 |publisher=[[The Digital Journalist]] |archive-date=March 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320194616/http://digitaljournalist.org/issue0402/at_intro.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Growing fiscal deficits in 1975 led the city to appeal to the federal government for financial aid; President [[Gerald Ford]] gave a speech denying the request, which was paraphrased on the front page of the ''[[New York Daily News]]'' as &quot;FORD TO CITY: DROP DEAD.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[[Sam Roberts (journalist)|Roberts, Sam]]. [https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/28/nyregion/28veto.html &quot;Infamous 'Drop Dead' Was Never Said by Ford&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', December 28, 2006. Accessed February 20, 2024. &quot;Mr. Ford, on Oct. 29, 1975, gave a speech denying federal assistance to spare New York from bankruptcy. The front page of The Daily News the next day read: &quot;FORD TO CITY: DROP DEAD.&quot;... Moreover, the speech spurred New York's civic, business and labor leaders to rally bankers in the United States and abroad, who feared their own investments would be harmed if New York defaulted on its debt.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Municipal Assistance Corporation]] was formed and granted oversight authority over the city's finances.&lt;ref&gt;Chan, Sewell. [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/14/nyregion/felix-rohatyn-dead.html &quot;Felix G. Rohatyn, Financier Who Piloted New York's Rescue, Dies at 91&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', December 14, 2019. Accessed February 20, 2024. &quot;For nearly two decades, from 1975 to 1993, as chairman of the state-appointed Municipal Assistance Corporation, Mr. Rohatyn had a say, often the final one, over taxes and spending in the nation's largest city, a degree of influence for an unelected official that rankled some critics. His efforts to meld private profit with the public good defined him: In the perception of many his name was synonymous with two institutions — the M.A.C., which was hastily created in 1975 to save the city from insolvency, and Lazard (formerly Lazard Frères), the storied investment firm that started as a dry-goods business in New Orleans in 1848.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; While a resurgence in the financial industry greatly improved the city's economic health in the 1980s, New York's crime rate continued to increase through that decade and into the beginning of the 1990s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Effgen |first=Christopher |date=September 11, 2001 |title=New York Crime Rates 1960–2009 |url=http://www.disastercenter.com/crime/nycrime.htm |access-date=October 28, 2010 |publisher=Disastercenter.com }}&lt;/ref&gt;

By the mid-1990s, crime rates started to drop dramatically due to revised police strategies, improving economic opportunities, [[gentrification]], and new residents, both American transplants and new immigrants from Asia and Latin America.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}} New York City's population exceeded 8 million for the first time in the [[2000 United States census|2000 census]];&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nyc.gov/site/planning/planning-level/nyc-population/census-summary-2000.page Population - Decennial Census - Census 2000], [[New York City Department of City Planning]]. Accessed January 27, 2024. &quot;According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the population of New York City as of April 1, 2000, was 8,008,278, the largest enumerated census population in the city's history. The previous peak was in 1970, when the enumerated population stood at 7,894,862.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; further records were set in the [[2010 United States census|2010]] and [[2020 United States census|2020]] censuses.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nyc.gov/site/planning/planning-level/nyc-population/nyc-population.page Population], [[New York City Department of City Planning]]. Accessed January 27, 2024. &quot;The enumerated population of New York City's was 8,804,190 as of April 1, 2020, a record high population. This is an increase of 629,057 people since the 2010 Census.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Important new economic sectors, such as [[Silicon Alley]], emerged.&lt;ref name=&quot;Waller2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Irvin |last=Waller |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qQPGAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA38 |title=Smarter Crime Control |publisher=[[Rowman &amp; Littlefield]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-4422-2170-3 |page=38 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Explosion following the plane impact into the South Tower (WTC 2) - B6019~11.jpg|thumb|The [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)|World Trade Center]], in [[Lower Manhattan]], during the [[September 11 attacks]] in 2001]]

The year [[2000]] was celebrated with fanfare in [[Times Square]].&lt;ref name=NYC-Y2K&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/02/nyregion/year-2000-overview-2000-draws-rave-reviews-after-opening-night-night-jitters.html |title=THE YEAR 2000: THE OVERVIEW; 2000 Draws Rave Reviews After Opening Night Night Jitters |newspaper=The New York Times |date=January 6, 2000 |access-date=October 28, 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt; New York City suffered the bulk of the [[Economic effects of the September 11 attacks#New York City|economic damage]] and largest loss of human life in the aftermath of the [[September 11 attacks|September 11, 2001, attacks]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Dieterle2017&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=David A. |last=Dieterle |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LmphDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA396 |title=Economics: The Definitive Encyclopedia from Theory to Practice [4 volumes] |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |year=2017 |isbn=978-0-313-39708-0 |page=396 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Two of the four hijacked airliners were flown into the twin towers of the World Trade Center, resulting in the collapse of both buildings and the deaths of 2,753 people, including 343 first responders from the [[New York City Fire Department]] and 71 law enforcement officers.&lt;ref&gt;Nelson, Joshua Q. [https://www.foxnews.com/media/former-fdny-commissioner-firefighters-9-11 &quot;Former FDNY commissioner on losing 343 firefighters on 9/11: 'We had the best fire chiefs in the world'&quot;], ''[[Fox News]]'', September 11, 2021. Accessed January 30, 2024. &quot;Of the 2,753 people killed at the World Trade Center, 343 were first responders from the Fire Department of New York, while another 71 were law enforcement officers from 10 different agencies.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

[[World Trade Center site#Planning for the new World Trade Center|The area was rebuilt]] with a [[World Trade Center (2001–present)|new World Trade Center]], the [[National September 11 Memorial and Museum]], and other new buildings and infrastructure,&lt;ref name=&quot;Greenspan2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Elizabeth |last=Greenspan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DMHzmpTK5rYC&amp;pg=PA152 |title=Battle for Ground Zero: Inside the Political Struggle to Rebuild the World Trade Center |publisher=[[St. Martin's Press]]/[[Harvard University]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-137-36547-7 |page=152 }}&lt;/ref&gt; including the [[World Trade Center Transportation Hub]], the city's third-largest hub.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.panynj.gov/wtcprogress/transportation-hub.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103164156/https://old.panynj.gov/wtcprogress/transportation-hub.html |title=World Trade Center Transportation Hub |publisher=[[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey]] |access-date=February 9, 2017 |archive-date=January 3, 2020 |quote=The state-of-the-art World Trade Center Transportation Hub, completed in 2016, serves 250,000 Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) daily commuters and millions of annual visitors from around the world. At approximately 800,000 square feet, the Hub, designed by internationally acclaimed architect Santiago Calatrava, is the third-largest transportation center in New York City. |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The new One World Trade Center is the tallest skyscraper in the Western Hemisphere&lt;ref name=&quot;OneWTCtallest&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hetter |first1=Katia |last2=Boyette |first2=Chris |date=November 12, 2013 |title=It's official: One World Trade Center to be tallest U.S. skyscraper |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/11/12/travel/one-world-trade-center-tallest-us-building/index.html?hpt=hp_t2 |access-date=March 1, 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and the [[List of tallest buildings in the world|world's seventh-tallest building]] by [[pinnacle]] height, with its [[spire]] reaching a symbolic {{convert|1776|ft|m|1}}, a reference to the year of [[United States Declaration of Independence|American independence]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=New York City Skyscraper Diagram |url=http://skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?cityID=8 |access-date=January 22, 2013 |website=[[SkyscraperPage.com]] |publisher=Skyscraper Source Media }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=One World Trade Center |url=http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=7788 |access-date=February 9, 2017 |website=[[SkyscraperPage.com]] |publisher=Skyscraper Source Media |quote=The roof height is the same as original One World Trade Center. The building is topped out by a 124-meter (408-foot) spire. So the tower rises 1,776 feet (541-meter) which marks the year of the American declaration of Independence. }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Lesser |first=Benjamin |date=April 30, 2012 |title=It's official: 1 World Trade Center is now New York's tallest skyscraper |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/real-estate/official-1-wtc-new-york-new-tallest-building-article-1.1069925 |access-date=January 22, 2013 |work=[[New York Daily News|Daily News]] |location=New York }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[Occupy Wall Street]] protests in [[Zuccotti Park]] in the [[Financial District, Manhattan|Financial District]] of Lower Manhattan began on September 17, 2011, receiving global attention and popularizing the [[Occupy movement]] against [[Social inequality|social]] and [[economic inequality]] worldwide.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Joe |last=Nocera |author-link=Joe Nocera |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/15/opinion/nocera-two-days-in-september.html |title=Two Days in September |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 14, 2012 |access-date=May 6, 2017 |quote=On the left, that anger led, a year ago, to the rise of the Occupy Wall Street movement. Thus, Anniversary No. 2: Sept. 17, 2011, was the date Occupy Wall Street took over Zuccotti Park in Lower Manhattan, which soon led to similar actions in cities across the country. The movement's primary issue was income inequality—&quot;We are the 99 percent&quot;, they used to chant. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

New York City was [[Effects of Hurricane Sandy in New York|heavily impacted]] by [[Hurricane Sandy]] in October 2012, including flooding that led to the days-long shutdown of the subway system,&lt;ref&gt;Flegenheimer, Matt. [https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/31/nyregion/subways-may-be-shut-for-several-days-after-hurricane-sandy.html &quot;Flooded Tunnels May Keep City's Subway Network Closed for Several Days&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', October 30, 2012. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;As the remnants of Hurricane Sandy left the city on Tuesday, transit officials surveyed the damage to the system, which they shut down on Sunday night as a precaution. What they found was an unprecedented assault: flooded tunnels, battered stations and switches and signals likely damaged.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; and flooding of all [[East River]] subway tunnels and of all road tunnels entering Manhattan except the [[Lincoln Tunnel]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-112shrg81827/html/CHRG-112shrg81827.htm ''Superstorm Sandy: The Devastating Impact On The Nation's Largest Transportation Systems''], [[United States Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Surface Transportation, Maritime, Freight, and Ports]], December 6, 2012. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;The most damaging impact of the storm, from a transportation standpoint, was on the highway, transit, and rail tunnels in and out of Manhattan. All seven of the subway tunnels under the East River flooded, as did the Hudson River subway tunnel, the East River and Hudson River commuter rail tunnels, and the subway tunnels in lower Manhattan. Three of the four highway tunnels into Manhattan flooded, leaving only the Lincoln Tunnel open. While some subway service was restored three days after the storm, the PATH train service to the World Trade Center was only restored on November 26, four weeks after the storm, and subway service between the Rockaway peninsula and Howard Beach is not expected to be re-opened for months.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The New York Stock Exchange closed for two days due to weather for the first time since the [[Great Blizzard of 1888]].&lt;ref&gt;Strasburg, Jenny; Cheng, Jonathan; and Bunge, Jacob. [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970204789304578087131092892180 &quot;Behind Decision to Close Markets&quot;], ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'', October 29, 2012. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;Superstorm Sandy forced regulators and exchange operators to keep U.S. stock markets closed Tuesday, in the first weather-related shutdown to last more than one day since the Blizzard of 1888. The decision to close the New York Stock Exchange and other U.S. equity markets for a second straight day—reached by midafternoon Monday—renewed questions about the industry's disaster preparedness.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; At least 43 people died in New York City as a result of Sandy, and the economic losses in New York City were estimated to be roughly $19 billion.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-10-13/nyc-still-vulnerable-to-hurricanes-10-years-after-sandy &quot;NYC Still Vulnerable to Hurricanes 10 Years After Sandy&quot;], ''[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]'', October 13, 2022. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;Hurricane Sandy swept through New York City in October 2012, leading to 43 deaths and an estimated $19 billion in damages.... New York needs to step up its efforts and spend the $15 billion in federal grants that it received for recovery efforts, a new report by New York City Comptroller Brad Lander released on Thursday said.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The disaster spawned long-term efforts towards infrastructural projects to counter [[climate change]] and rising seas, with $15&amp;nbsp;billion in federal funding received through 2022 towards those resiliency efforts.&lt;ref name=ClimateResiliency2/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://comptroller.nyc.gov/reports/ten-years-after-sandy/ ''Ten Years After Sandy; Barriers to Resilience''], [[New York City Comptroller]] [[Brad Lander]], October 13, 2022. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;Of the $15 billion of federal grants appropriated for Sandy recovery and resilience, the City has spent $11 billion, or 73%, as of June 2022.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

In March 2020, the first case of [[Coronavirus disease 2019|COVID-19]] in the city was confirmed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=West |first=Melanie Grayce |date=March 1, 2020 |title=First Case of Coronavirus Confirmed in New York State |language=en-US |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/first-case-of-coronavirus-confirmed-in-new-york-state-11583111692 |access-date=July 10, 2020 |issn=0099-9660 }}&lt;/ref&gt; With its population density and extensive exposure to global travelers, the city rapidly replaced [[Wuhan]], China as the global epicenter of [[COVID-19 pandemic|the pandemic]] during the early phase, straining the city's healthcare infrastructure.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=August 2022 |title=When New York City was the COVID-19 pandemic epicenter: The impact on trauma care |journal=[[The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery]] |pmc=9322893 |quote=During early spring 2020, New York City (NYC) rapidly became the first US epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic. |last1=Liveris |first1=A. |last2=Stone Jr |first2=M. E. |last3=Markel |first3=H. |last4=Agriantonis |first4=G. |last5=Bukur |first5=M. |last6=Melton |first6=S. |last7=Roudnitsky |first7=V. |last8=Chao |first8=E. |last9=Reddy |first9=S. H. |last10=Teperman |first10=S. H. |last11=Meltzer |first11=J. A. |volume=93 |issue=2 |pages=247–255 |doi=10.1097/TA.0000000000003460 |pmid=35881035 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Robinson, David. [https://www.lohud.com/story/news/coronavirus/2020/03/27/how-new-york-city-became-coronavirus-pandemic-epicenter-what-know/2924735001/ &quot;COVID-19: How New York City became epicenter of coronavirus pandemic, what that means&quot;], ''[[The Journal News]]'', March 27, 2020. Accessed January 13, 2024. &quot;New York City's rise this month to become the new coronavirus pandemic's epicenter has far-reaching implications for communities statewide. Most pressing, the rapidly spreading virus that originated in Wuhan, China, threatens to overwhelm New York state's entire medical system, prompting a dire push for thousands of new hospital beds to treat infected New Yorkers. Further, the outbreak, which topped 44,600 confirmed cases statewide as of Friday, including 23,000 in New York City alone, is also devastating the entire state's economy and draining government coffers at all levels.... Why New York City's density, tourism made it vulnerable to coronavirus&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Through March 2023, New York City recorded [[COVID-19 pandemic in New York City|more than 80,000 deaths]] from COVID-19-related complications.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/us/new-york-covid-cases.html &quot;Tracking Coronavirus in New York: Latest Map and Case Count&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', March 23, 2023. Accessed January 13, 2024 &quot;Since the beginning of the pandemic, a total of 6,805,271 cases have been reported. At least 1 in 243 residents have died from the coronavirus, a total of 80,109 deaths.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

==جاگرافي==
[[فائل:Core of New York City by Sentinel-2.jpg|alt=|thumb|نيويارڪ شھر جو وچ جتي مينھٽن ٻيٽ واقع آهي]]
ھي شھر امريڪا جي اتر-اوڀر ۾ رياست، [[نيو يارڪ]] ۾، ھڊسن ندي جي [[ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] تي نيويارڪ بي ۾ ڇوڙ تي واقع آهي ۽ [[بوسٽن]] ۽ [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]] جي وچ ۾ واقع آهي. بوسٽن کان ھن شھر جو فاصلو &lt;small&gt;'''217'''&lt;/small&gt; ڪلوميٽر ۽ واشنگٽن ڊي سي کان &lt;small&gt;'''228'''&lt;/small&gt; ڪلوميٽر آهي.&lt;ref&gt;Washington, D.C. is {{convert|228|mi|km}} driving distance from New York, and Boston is {{convert|217|mi|km}} driving distance from New York.&amp;nbsp;– [https://maps.google.com/ Google Maps]&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://life.bio.sunysb.edu/marinebio/fc.1.estuaries.html |title=Information About the Hudson River Estuary |publisher=Life.bio.sunysb.edu |accessdate=August 20, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=nytimes&gt;{{cite news |first=Joseph |last=Berger |title=Reclaimed Jewel Whose Attraction Can Be Perilous |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/20/nyregion/20river.html|work=The New York Times |date=July 19, 2010 |accessdate=July 21, 2010}}
&lt;/ref&gt; آبادي ۾ اضافي ڪري ھن شھر جي ڪافي زمين سمنڊ مان ورتل آهي. ھيٺين مينھٽن جو علائقو، &quot;بيٽري پارڪ سٽي&quot; سمنڊ جي پاڻيءَ مان ورتل زمين تي جوڙيو ويو آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;gillespie-p71&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Gillespie |first=Angus K. |year=1999 |title=Twin Towers: The Life of New York City's World Trade Center |publisher=Rutgers University Press |page=71 |isbn=978-0-7838-9785-1}}&lt;/ref&gt; ڪل پکيڙ &lt;small&gt;'''{{convert|468.484|sqmi}}'''&lt;/small&gt; آهي، جنھن ۾ &lt;small&gt;'''{{convert|302.643|sqmi|abbr=on}}'''&lt;/small&gt; خشڪي ۽ &lt;small&gt;'''{{convert|165.841|sqmi|abbr=on}}'''&lt;/small&gt; پاڻي شامل آهن.&lt;ref name=&quot;CensusGazetteer&quot;&gt;[http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2010_place_list_36.txt New York State Gazetteer from 2010 United States Census], [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed February 9, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT Land Estimate&quot;&gt;{{cite news |work=The New York Times |title=It's Still a Big City, Just Not Quite So Big |first=Sam |last=Roberts |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/22/nyregion/22shrink.html |accessdate=May 22, 2008 |date=May 22, 2008}}
&lt;/ref&gt; شھر جو بلند ترين ھنڌ، &quot;مائونٽ ٽاڊٽ&quot; آهي جيڪو اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ ۾ واقع آهي جنھن جي اوچائي {{convert|409.8|ft}} آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Lundrigan |first=Margaret |title=Staten Island: Isle of the Bay, NY |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-7385-2443-6 |page=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن جبل جي چوٽيءَ تي ٻيلي جا وڻ آھن جيڪي اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ جي گرين بيلٽ جو حصو آھن.

== آباديات ==

== معيشت ==

== ثقافت ==

== انساني وسيلا ==

== ٽرانسپورٽ ==

== حڪومت ۽ سياست ==

== قابل ذڪر ماڻهو ==

== پڻ ڏسو ==

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
* {{Official website}}
* [http://www.nycgo.com/ NYC Go] – official tourism website
* {{osmrelation-inline|175905}}
* [http://collections.mcny.org/ Collections] – 145,000 NYC photographs at the [[Museum of the City of New York]]
* {{cite web |title=The New New York Skyline (interactive) |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/new-york-city-skyline-tallest-midtown-manhattan/ |date=November 2015 |work=[[National Geographic]]}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Trenton, New Jersey]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Capital of the United States&lt;br /&gt;of America|years=1785–1791}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Philadelphia]], Pennsylvania}}
{{s-end}}
{{New York City}}
{{New York City Historic Sites}}
{{New York metropolitan area}}
{{Financial District, Manhattan}}
{{Long Island region}}
{{New York}}
{{Regions of New York navbox}}
{{Paralympic Summer Games Host Cities}}
{{Location of US capital}}
{{Northeast Megalopolis}}
{{Hudson River}}
{{Megacities}}
{{Northeast US}}
{{USPopulousCities}}
{{Subject bar |book=New York City | commons=yes |n=yes |wikt=yes |b=yes |q=yes |s=yes |v=yes |voy=yes |d=yes }}{{Portal bar|United States|New York|New York City|Geography|Cities}}{{authority control}}

[[Category:New York City| ]]
[[زمرو:نيويارڪ شهر]]
[[زمرو:بندرگاهه وارا شھر]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا بندرگاهه شھر]]
[[Category:1624 establishments in North America]]
[[Category:1624 establishments in the Dutch Empire]]
[[Category:1898 establishments in New York (state)]]
[[Category:1898 establishments in New York City]]
[[Category:Cities in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Cities in the New York metropolitan area]]
[[Category:Establishments in New Netherland]]
[[Category:Former capitals of the United States]]
[[Category:Former state capitals in the United States]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Populated places established by the Dutch West India Company]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1624]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1898]]
[[Category:New York (state) populated places on the Hudson River]]
[[Category:Port cities and towns of the United States Atlantic coast]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:وڏا شهر]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن جا شهر]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا شھر]]</text>
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| name                            = نيو يارڪ 
&lt;!--DO NOT change without discussion--&gt;
| official_name                   = &lt;!-- DO NOT add to this parameter without consensus --&gt;
| settlement_type   = شھر
| named_for                       = [[جيمز II(انگلينڊ)|جيمز، ڊيوڪ آف يارڪ]]
&lt;!-- images, nickname, motto ---&gt;| image_skyline                   = NYC Montage 2014 4 - Jleon.jpg
| imagesize                       = 305px
| image_caption  = گھڙيالي چڪر وانگر مٿان کان هيٺ:  وچ شھر وارو مينھٽن، ٽائمز اسڪوائر، يوني اسفيئر، بروڪلين پل، ھيٺيون مين ھيٽن [[ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر]] سميت، سينٽرل پارڪ، گڏيل قومن جو هيڊ ڪوارٽر ۽ آزادي جو مجسمو 
| image_flag = Flag of New York City.svg
| image_seal    = Seal of New York City (BW).svg
| image_blank_emblem    = NYC Logo Wolff Olins.svg
| blank_emblem_type   = [[ورڊ مارڪ]]
| nickname   = 
&lt;!-- maps and coordinates ------&gt;| image_map    = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=325|frame-height=325|zoom=9|frame-lat=40.782|frame-long=-73.965|type=shape-inverse|id=Q60|title=New York City}}
| mapsize       = 
| map_caption  = نيويارڪ شھر جو نقشو
| pushpin_map     = USA New York#USA#North America
| pushpin_relief          = 1
| pushpin_map_caption         = Location within the state of New York##Location within the United States##Location within North America
| pushpin_label      = نيو يارڪ شھر
| pushpin_label_position     = left
| coordinates                     = {{coord|40.7127|N|74.0059|W|region:US-NY|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint                   = &lt;!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) --&gt;
| coordinates_footnotes           = &lt;ref name=&quot;GR1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=April 23, 2011 |date=February 12, 2011 |title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!-- location ------------------&gt;| subdivision_type    =  [[ملڪ]]
| subdivision_name      = {{nowrap|{{flag|United States}}}}
| subdivision_type2  = [[آمريڪا|آمريڪا جي گڏيل رياستون]]
| subdivision_name2 = {{flag|New York}}
----
| subdivision_type3   = علائقو
| subdivision_name3    = مڊ ايٽلانٽڪ
| subdivision_type4    = ڪائونٽيون 
| subdivision_name4   = [[برونڪس]]  
&lt;br/&gt;بروڪلين&lt;br/&gt;مينھٽن&lt;br /&gt;ڪئينس&lt;br /&gt;اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ
----
| subdivision_type5     = ڪالوني 
| subdivision_name5    = نيو نيدر لينڊ &lt;br /&gt;نيويارڪ صوبو
&lt;!-- established ---------------&gt;| established_title  = قيام
| established_date     = 1624
| established_title1 = مختلف حصن کي گڏ ڪيو ويو
| established_date1    = 1898
| established_title2    = &lt;!-- Incorporated (city) --&gt;
 &lt;!-- government type, leaders --&gt;| government_footnotes            = &lt;ref name=&quot;MayorsOffice&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=the Mayor, New York City Office of |date=January 8, 2010 |url=http://www.nyc.gov/portal/site/nycgov/menuitem.e985cf5219821bc3f7393cd401c789a0/ |title=Biography |accessdate=January 8, 2010 |publisher=New York, City of |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100317115700/http://www.nyc.gov/portal/site/nycgov/menuitem.e985cf5219821bc3f7393cd401c789a0 |archivedate=March 17, 2010 |df=}}
&lt;/ref&gt;
| government_type     = ميئر-ڪائونسل
| governing_body   = نيو يارڪ ڪائونسل 
| leader_title     = ميئر
| leader_name  = بل ڊي بلاسيو (ڊيموڪريٽ)
&lt;!-- display settings ---------&gt;| total_type    = ڪل
| unit_pref    = Imperial 
&lt;!-- area ----------------------&gt;| area_footnotes  = &lt;ref name=&quot;GR1&quot; /&gt;
| area_total_sq_mi      = 468.484
| area_land_sq_mi   = 302.643
| area_water_sq_mi   = 165.841
| area_metro_sq_mi    = 13318
&lt;!-- elevation -----------------&gt;| elevation_footnotes     = &lt;ref name=&quot;GR3&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://geonames.usgs.gov |accessdate=January 31, 2008 |title=US Board on Geographic Names |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |date=June 23, 2018}} Search for feature ID 975772.&lt;/ref&gt;
| elevation_m      = 10
| elevation_ft    = 33
&lt;!-- population ----------------&gt;| population_rank    = پھريون نمبر وڏو شهر
| population_density_sq_mi    = {{#expr:8398748/302.643 round 0}}
| population_as_of   = [[2010 United States Census|2010]]
| population_total     = 8175133
| population_footnotes    = &lt;ref name=Census2010&gt;[https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/community_facts.xhtml Community Facts for New York city, New York] {{Webarchive|url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20150108070337/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml |date=2015-01-08 }}, [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed May 26, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_est    = 8398748
| pop_est_as_of         = 2018
| pop_est_footnotes     = &lt;ref name=2018Estimate /&gt;
| population_blank1_title    = [[Metropolitan statistical area|MSA (2018)]]
| population_blank1    = 1,99,79,477 
| population_blank2_title    = [[New York metropolitan area|CSA (2018)]]
| population_blank2     = 2,26,79,948  &lt;ref name=CombinedEst&gt;{{cite web |url=https://https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk
|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2018 – Combined Statistical Area; and for Puerto Rico – 2017 Population Estimates |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=April 27, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; ([[List of Combined Statistical Areas|1st]])
| population_demonym   = نيو يارڪر
| blank6_name    = جي ڊي پي (شھر جي، 2015ع)
| blank6_info  = 807 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=&quot;bea.gov&quot;&gt;https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gdp-county&lt;/ref&gt; (1st)
| blank7_name    = [[Gross metropolitan product|GMP]] (Metro, 2019)
| blank7_info   = 1.9  ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر 
&lt;!-- time zone(s) --------------&gt;| timezone1     = ايسٽرن ٽائيم زون
| utc_offset1     = −05:00
| timezone1_DST    =  ايسٽرن ٽائيم زون (اي ڊي ٽي)
| utc_offset1_DST       = −04:00
&lt;!-- postal codes, area code ---&gt;| postal_code_type     = زپ ڪوڊ 
| postal_code        = 100xx–104xx, 11004–05, 111xx–114xx, 116xx
| area_code   =  
212/646/332  /718/347/929 /917
&lt;!-- blank fields (section 1) --&gt;
| blank_name    = فيڊرل انفارميشن پراسيسنگ اسٽينڊرڊز
| blank_info       = 36-51000
| blank1_name     = جيوگرافڪ نيمز انفارميشن سسٽم فيچر شناخت
| blank1_info      = 975772
| blank2_name    = اھم ھوائي اڏا
| blank2_info   = جان ايف. ڪينيڊي انٽرنيشنل ايئرپورٽ، نيوآرڪ لبرٽي انٽرنيشنل ايئرپورٽ، لا گارڊيا ايئرپورٽ 
| blank4_name      = ڪميوٽر ريل
| blank4_info     = ايل ٽي آر ميٽرو نارٿ، اين جي ٽرانزٽ ريل آپريشن، ٽرانزٽ
| blank5_name    = ريپڊ ٽرانزٽ
| blank5_info    = نيو يارڪ شھر جي سب وي، اسٽيٽن آئلينڊ ريلوي، پئٿ ريلوي سسٽم
&lt;!-- blank fields (section 2) --&gt;| blank_name_sec2                 =  نيو يارڪ شھر جي پکيڙ ۾  وڏي ۾ وڏي ڪائونٽي 
| blank_info_sec2  =  ڪئينس
  – {{convert|109|sqmi|km2}}
| blank1_name_sec2  = آبادي ۾ وڏي ۾ وڏي ڪائونٽي 
| blank1_info_sec2    = بروڪلين (2,636,735 – 2015 est)&lt;ref name=BrooklynQuickFacts&gt;{{cite web |title=State &amp; County QuickFacts – Kings County (Brooklyn Borough), New York |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/36047.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=March 24, 2016 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160217175357/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/36047.html |archivedate=February 17, 2016 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| blank2_name_sec2  =  جي ڊي پي ۾ وڏي ۾ وڏي ڪائونٽي (2015)
| blank2_info_sec2   = مين ھيٽن – US$630 billion&lt;ref name=&quot;bea.gov&quot;/&gt;
| website   = [https://www.nyc.gov/ NYC.gov]
| population_density_km2    = auto
}}
''' نيو يارڪ شھر''' (&lt;small&gt;'''New York City'''&lt;/small&gt;) يا مختصر طور تي &quot;&lt;small&gt;'''NYC'''&lt;/small&gt;&quot; يا &quot;&lt;small&gt;'''NY'''&lt;/small&gt;&quot;، [[آمريڪا]] جو آبادي ۽ پکيڙ ۾ سڀ کان وڏو شھر آھي،&lt;ref name=2014NYCest2&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/22/nyregion/new-york-city-population.html |title=New York City’s Population Hits a Record 8.6 Million |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |accessdate=March 22, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; جنھن جي آبادي سال &lt;small&gt;'''2018'''&lt;/small&gt;ع ۾ '''&lt;small&gt;83,98,748&lt;/small&gt;''' ھئي.&lt;ref name=2018Estimate&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www1.nyc.gov/site/planning/data-maps/nyc-population/current-future-populations.page|title=NYC Population: Current and Projected Populations|website=www1.nyc.gov|access-date=2019-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھي شھر لڳ ڀڳ {{convert|302.6|sqmi|km2}} جي پکيڙ تي ڦهليل آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045216/3651000 Quick Facts for New York city, New York], [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed February 9, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/html/stormwater/index.shtml Stormwater] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170125025731/http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/html/stormwater/index.shtml|date=January 25, 2017}}, [[New York City Department of Environmental Protection]]. Accessed February 9, 2017. &quot;These impervious surfaces cover approximately 72% of New York City's 305 square miles in land area and generate a significant amount of stormwater.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; اھو آمريڪا جو سڀ کان گھاٽي آبادي وارو شھر پڻ آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;density2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.governing.com/blogs/by-the-numbers/most-densely-populated-cities-data-map.html|title=Mapping the Nation's Most Densely Populated Cities|author=Mike Maciag|date=October 2, 2013|publisher=Governing – The States and Localities|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827080100/http://www.governing.com/blogs/by-the-numbers/most-densely-populated-cities-data-map.html|archivedate=August 27, 2016|accessdate=August 27, 2016|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[فائل:New York World's Fair August 1964.jpeg|thumb|right|alt=A spherical sculpture and several attractions line a park during a World's Fair. |&lt;small&gt;ڪرونا پارڪ جتي يوني اسفيئر ڏيکاريل آهي&lt;/small&gt;]]
[[فائل:Statue of Liberty, NY.jpg|thumb|&lt;small&gt;ازادي جو مجسمو جيڪو لبرٽي ٻيٽ تي واقع آھي&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Statue of Liberty |work=World Heritage |publisher=UNESCO |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 |accessdate=July 18, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;]] ھي شھر دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏو ميٽروپوليٽن آهي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf|title=World Urban Areas|publisher=Demographia|year=2018|accessdate=March 27, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; ۽ دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏن آبادي وارن شھرن مان ھڪ آھي،&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.mongabay.com/cities_urban_01.htm |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091009143739/http://www.mongabay.com/cities_urban_01.htm |dead-url=yes |archive-date=October 9, 2009 |title=World's Largest Urban Areas [Ranked by Urban Area Population] |publisher=Rhett Butler |year=2003–2006 |accessdate=April 26, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.worldatlas.com/citypops.htm |title=Largest Cities of the World – (by metro population) |publisher=Woolwine-Moen Group d/b/a Graphic Maps |accessdate=April 26, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; جنھن جي آبادي سال 2018ع جي آدمشماري ۾ 1,99,79,477 ھئي. ھن کي دنيا جي معاشي طاقت وارو شھر پڻ چوندا آهن ۽ ھي الفا شھرن ۾ شامل آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.mori-m-foundation.or.jp/english/research/project/6/pdf/GPCI2009_English.pdf |title=Global Power City Index 2009 |publisher=The Mori Memorial Foundation |accessdate=June 1, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن کي ثقافتي شھر پڻ چوندا آهن،&lt;ref name=NYCWorld'sGreatestCity/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cultural2&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.iceland.is/iceland-abroad/us/nyc/cultural-affairs/ |title=Consulate General of Iceland New York Culture |publisher=Consulate General of Iceland New York |accessdate=July 1, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130205061848/http://www.iceland.is/iceland-abroad/us/nyc/cultural-affairs/ |archivedate=February 5, 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cultural3&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.latvia-newyork.org/english/ |title=Consulate of Latvia in New York |publisher=Consulate of Latvia |accessdate=July 1, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130208223706/http://www.latvia-newyork.org/english/ |archivedate=February 8, 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cultural4&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/Culture/intro.htm |title=Introduction to Chapter 14: New York City (NYC) Culture |publisher=The Weissman Center for International Business Baruch College/CUNY 2011 |accessdate=July 1, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130505181316/http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/culture/intro.htm |archivedate=May 5, 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;cultural5&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/371497 |title=New York, Culture Capital of the World, 1940–1965 / edited by Leonard Wallock ; essays by Dore Ashton&amp;nbsp;... [et al.] |publisher=National Library of Australia|accessdate=July 1, 2018|isbn=978-0-8478-0990-5 |year=1988 }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[وال اسٽريٽ]] (Wall Street)&lt;ref name=NYCDominantFinancialCenter&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-survey-markets/united-states-top-britain-second-in-financial-activity-think-tank-idUSKCN1LK2TM|title=United States top, Britain second in financial activity: think-tank|author=Huw Jones|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=September 4, 2018|accessdate=September 4, 2018|quote=Think-tank New Financial's study, which focuses on the “raw” value of actual domestic and international financial activity like managing assets and issuing equity, underscored the overall dominance of New York as the world's top financial center.|newspaper=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=WorldEconomicAndFinancialSuperCenter&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/top-8-cities-by-gdp-china-vs-the-us-2011-8 |title=Top 8 Cities by GDP: China vs. The U.S. |quote=For instance, Shanghai, the largest Chinese city with the highest economic production, and a fast-growing global financial hub, is far from matching or surpassing New York, the largest city in the U.S. and the economic and financial super center of the world. |publisher=Business Insider, Inc |date=July 31, 2011 |accessdate=July 1, 2018}}&lt;br /&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.thejobnetwork.com/new-york-city-the-financial-capital-of-the-world/ |title=New York City: The Financial Capital of the World |publisher=Pando Logic|accessdate=July 1, 2018|date=October 8, 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt; آمريڪا جو مالياتي ۽ نيو يارڪ شھر جو ميڊيا جو عالمي مرڪز آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.statista.com/chart/3299/new-york-is-the-worlds-media-capital/ |title=New York Is The World's Media Capital |author=Felix Richter |publisher=Statista |date=March 11, 2015 |accessdate=July 1, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NYCWorld'sMediaCapitalLargestPrideParade&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2017/05/first-nyc-pridefest-will-televised/ |title=ABC will broadcast New York's pride parade live for the first time |author=Dawn Ennis |publisher=LGBTQ Nation |date=May 24, 2017 |accessdate=September 26, 2018|quote=Never before has any TV station in the entertainment and news media capital of the world carried what organizer boast is the world's largest Pride parade live on TV.}}&lt;/ref&gt; نيو يارڪ واپار، تفريح، تحقيق، تعليم، ٽيڪنالاجي، سياست، سياحت، فن، فيشن ۽ راندين تي اھم اثر رکندڙ شھر آھي.&lt;ref name=&quot;FastPaceNYC1&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.fodors.com/world/north-america/usa/new-york/new-york-city/experiences/news/15-things-not-to-do-in-new-york-city|title=15 Things NOT to Do in New York City|author=Kelsy Chauvin|publisher=Fodor's|date=March 15, 2019|accessdate=March 23, 2019|quote=There are more than 8.6 million citizens of New York City, and they're pretty much all in a hurry. They're also shrewd, outspoken, and proudly able to survive in a metropolis that tends to punish the meek. The buzzing subway system alone is a symbol of how this city works: part ballet, part battlefield. Residents and visitors alike can see why New York is considered the greatest city in the world.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FastPaceNYC2&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Poliak |first=Shira |url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2009-11-19/features/0911180065_1_new-yorkers-fast-paced-big-apple |title=Adjusting To New York City |newspaper=Sun Sentinel |accessdate=November 1, 2015 |quote=Additionally, the fast-paced lifestyle of New York City demands adjusting. |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151203093200/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2009-11-19/features/0911180065_1_new-yorkers-fast-paced-big-apple |archivedate=December 3, 2015 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FastPaceNYC3&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/?id=tfsmDAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA50&amp;lpg=PA50&amp;dq=hurrying+feverish+electric+crowds+new+york#v=onepage&amp;q=hurrying%20feverish%20electric%20crowds%20new%20york&amp;f=false |title=Walking New York: Reflections of American Writers from Walt Whitman to Teju Cole |pages=46, 50, 131 |author=Stephen Miller |accessdate=May 10, 2017|isbn=978-0-8232-7425-3 |year=2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NewYorkMinuteDefinition&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/new%20york%20minute |title=Dictionary – Full Definition of ''New York Minute'|publisher=Merriam-Webster |accessdate=November 1, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھي شھر گڏيل قومن جي صدر مقام جو گهر پڻ آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[http://visit.un.org/content/plan-your-visit Plan your visit] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314234417/http://visit.un.org/content/plan-your-visit|date=March 14, 2017}}, [[United Nations]]. Accessed February 9, 2017. &quot;The Headquarters of the United Nations is located in New York City, along the East River. When you pass through the gates of the United Nations visitors' entrance, you enter an international territory. This 18-acre site does not belong to just one country, but to all countries that have joined the Organization; currently, the United Nations has 193 Member States.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ھي شھر بين الاقوامي سفارتڪاري جو پڻ مرڪز آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/ia/html/home/home.shtml |title=NYC Mayor's Office for International Affairs |publisher=The City of New York |accessdate=June 24, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150616080757/http://www.nyc.gov/html/ia/html/home/home.shtml |archivedate=June 16, 2015 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.digidiplomats.org/newyork/|title=Digital Diplomacy Coalition |publisher=Digital Diplomacy Coalition, New York|accessdate=August 11, 2018|quote=Established in 2014, DDC New York has partnered with the United Nations, major tech and social media companies, multiple governments, and NGOs to bring unique programs to the area community.}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن شھر جي بندرگاھه، نيويارڪ ھاربر دنيا جي وڏي ۾ وڏي قدرتي بندرگاھه آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/new-york-city/videos/new-york-harbor |title=New York City |publisher=A&amp;E Television Networks, LLC |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304110030/http://www.history.com/topics/new-york-city/videos/new-york-harbor |archivedate=March 4, 2016 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Port in a Storm: The Port of New York in World War II |url=http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/research_collections/research/history/hisportofnewyork.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429044423/http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/research_collections/research/history/hisportofnewyork.html |publisher=New York State Museum |accessdate=August 5, 2015 |archivedate=April 29, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[فائل:5 Boroughs Labels New York City Map.svg|thumb|upright=1.1|
نيويارڪ شھر جي پنج ڪائونٽيون:
{{legend|#4DAF4A|1.مين ھيٽن}}
{{legend|#FFFF33|2.بروڪلين}}
{{legend|#FF7F00|3.ڪئينس}}
{{legend|#E41A1C|4.برونڪس}}
{{legend|#984EA3|5.اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ}}|alt=A map with five insular regions of different colors.]]
ھي شھر پنج ضلعن يا ڪائونٽين تي مشتمل آهي. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/US_NYBOROUGHS.html |title=Boroughs of New York City |publisher=Ben Cahoon |year=2002 |access-date=October 5, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211145920/http://www.worldstatesmen.org/US_NYBOROUGHS.html |archivedate=February 11, 2012 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; جن جا نالا؛ بروڪلين، ڪئينس، مين ھيٽن، برونڪس ۽ اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ آھن جيڪي سال 1898ع ۾ ملائي ھڪ شھر ۾ تبديل ڪيا ويا.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.correctionhistory.org/html/chronicl/nycdoc/html/kbd_brnx.html |title=A 5-Borough Centennial Preface for Katharine Bement Davis Mini-History |publisher=The New York City Department of Correction |year=1997 |accessdate=October 26, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111023193440/http://www.correctionhistory.org/html/chronicl/nycdoc/html/kbd_brnx.html |archivedate=October 23, 2011 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; دنيا ۾ ارب پتي ماڻھن جو شھر سڏجندڙ ھي نيويارڪ سال 1624ع ۾ ھيٺين مينھٽن واري جاء تي &quot;ڊچ ريپلڪ&quot; جي ڪالوني ٺاھيندڙن قائم ڪيو ويو ۽ سال 1626ع ۾ کيس &quot;نيو ايمسٽرڊم&quot; جو نالو ڏنو ويو.&lt;ref name=&quot;u-s-history.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h2122.html |title=United States History – History of New York City, New York |accessdate=September 9, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; سال 1664ع ۾ اھو شھر ۽ ان جي چوڌاري واقع علائقا انگريزن جي قبضي ۾ آيا ۽ ان وقت جي برطانيا جي بادشاھه، [[چارلس ٻيون (انگلينڊ)|چارلس ٻئين]] اھو علائقو پنھنجي ڀاءُ [[جيمز ٻيون (انگلينڊ)|جيمز ٻئين، ڊيوڪ آف يارڪ]] کي ڏئي ڇڏيو جنھن ان شھر کي نيويارڪ جو نئون نالو ڏنو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm |title=Kingston: Discover 300 Years of New York History Dutch Colonies|publisher=National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior |accessdate=May 10, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; سال 1785ع کان 1790ع تائين ھي شھر [[آمريڪا]] جو گاديءَ جو هنڌ پڻ رھيو.&lt;ref name=senate&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.senate.gov/reference/reference_item/Nine_Capitals_of_the_United_States.htm |title=The Nine Capitals of the United States |publisher=[[United States Senate]] |accessdate=September 7, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; ۽ سال 1790ع کان وٺي ھي شھر ملڪ جو سڀ کان وڏو شھر رھندو آيو آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0027/tab01.txt |title=Rank by Population of the 100 Largest Urban Places, Listed Alphabetically by State: 1790–1990 |date=June 15, 1998 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=February 8, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; اوڻويھين ۽ ويھين صديءَ ۾ ھتي لکين ماڻھو لڏي آيا.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/statue-of-liberty |title=Statue of Liberty |publisher=A&amp;E Television Networks, LLC |accessdate=May 21, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن شھر ۾ لڳل مجسمو، &quot;اسٽيچو آف لبرٽي&quot; دنيا ۾ ملڪ جي امن ۽ آزادي جي ھڪ سڃاڻپ آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Statue of Liberty |work=World Heritage |publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre 1992–2011 |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 |accessdate=October 23, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

وال اسٽريٽ، مالي ضلعي، مئنهٽن ۾ بيٺل، نيو يارڪ شهر کي دنيا جو سڀ کان وڏو مالياتي ۽ فن ٽيڪ سينٽر ۽ دنيا جو سڀ کان وڌيڪ اقتصادي طور تي طاقتور شهر بڻائي ٿو. سال 2022ع تائين، نيو يارڪ ميٽروپوليٽن علائقو دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي ميٽروپوليٽن معيشت آهي، جنهن جي مجموعي ميٽروپوليٽن پيداوار 2.16 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر کان وڌيڪ آهي. نيو يارڪ ميٽروپوليٽن علائقي جي معيشت دنيا جي سڀني نون ملڪن کان وڏي آهي. چوويهه ڪلاڪ تيز ٽرانزٽ سسٽم هجڻ جي باوجود، نيو يارڪ شهري گاڏين جي ٽريفڪ جام ۾ دنيا جي اڳواڻي پڻ ڪري ٿو. هي شهر دنيا جي، انهن جي لسٽ ڪيل ڪمپنين جي مارڪيٽ سرمائيداري ذريعي، ٻن وڏين اسٽاڪ ايڪسچينج؛ نيو يارڪ اسٽاڪ ايڪسچينج (NYSE) ۽ نئسڊڪ (NASDAQ) جو گهر آهي. نيو يارڪ شهر عالمي سيڙپڪارن لاءِ قائم ڪيل محفوظ جنت آهي. سال 2023ع تائين، نيو يارڪ شھر، غير ملڪين لاءِ ۽ وڏي فرق سان ملڪ جي ڪنهن به شهر جي رهائشي ڪرائي جي لحاظ کان، دنيا جو سڀ کان مهانگو شهر  تي آهي ۽ پنجين ايونيو دنيا جي سڀ کان مهانگي شاپنگ اسٽريٽ آهي. نيو يارڪ شهر هڪ اهم فرق سان ارب پتي ماڻهن جي وڏي تعداد ۾، انتهائي اعليٰ خالص ماليت (ٽي ڪروڙ آمريڪي ڊالر کان وڌيڪ) ۽ دنيا جي ڪنهن به شهر کان وڏو ارب پتي ماڻهن جو گهر آهي. 

==نالو==
{{See_also|Nicknames of New York City}}
سال 1664ع ۾، نيويارڪ جو نالو ڊيوڪ آف يارڪ (بعد ۾ انگلينڊ جي بادشاهه جيمس ٻين) جي اعزاز ۾ رکيو ويو. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.qchron.com/editions/queenswide/new-amsterdam-becomes-new-york/article_dd6e910f-a882-5b2e-9771-a2caa1574e07.html|title=1664 New Amsterdam becomes New York Dutch rulers surrender to England|last=Badoe|first=Etta|date=November 11, 2015|publisher=[[Queens Chronicle]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170201120328/https://www.qchron.com/editions/queenswide/new-amsterdam-becomes-new-york/article_dd6e910f-a882-5b2e-9771-a2caa1574e07.html|archive-date=February 1, 2017|access-date=March 13, 2021|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; جيمس جو وڏو ڀاءُ، بادشاهه چارلس ٻيون، کيس نيو هالينڊ جي اڳوڻي علائقي جو مالڪ مقرر ڪيو، جنهن ۾ نيو ايمسٽرڊم جو شهر به شامل هو، جڏهن انگلينڊ جي بادشاهت ان کي ڊچ (ولنديزين) جي قبضي کان وٺي ڇڏيو.&lt;ref name=&quot;Archdeacon2013a2&quot;&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9bTxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT19|title=New York City, 1664–1710: Conquest and Change|last=Archdeacon|first=Thomas J.|publisher=[[Cornell University Press]]|year=2013|isbn=978-0-8014-6891-9|page=19|author-link1=Thomas J. Archdeacon}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

==تاريخ==
{{Main|History of New York City|Timeline of New York City}}
{{Further|History of Manhattan|Timeline of Brooklyn |Timeline of Queens|Timeline of the Bronx|Timeline of Staten Island}}

=== شروعاتي تاريخ ===
{{Main|نيو يارڪ جي تاريخ (ماقبل تاريخ کان 1664ع تائين)}}
پري-ڪولمبين دور ۾، اڄوڪي نيو يارڪ شهر جو علائقو Algonquians، جنهن ۾ Lenape به شامل هو، آباد هو. سندن وطن، جنهن کي Lenapehoking جي نالي سان سڃاتو وڃي ٿو، ان ۾ اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ، منهٽن، برونڪس، لانگ آئلينڊ جو الهندو حصو (بشمول بروڪلن ۽ ڪوئنز)، ۽ لوئر هڊسن وادي شامل آهن. نيو يارڪ هاربر ۾ پهريون دستاويزي دورو هڪ يورپين طرفان 1524 ۾ دريافت ڪندڙ Giovanni da Verrazzano پاران ڪيو ويو. هن فرانس لاءِ علائقي جي دعويٰ ڪئي ۽ ان جو نالو Nouvelle Angoulême رکيو. هڪ اسپيني مهم، جنهن جي اڳواڻي پورچوگالي ڪپتان ايسٽيو گومز ڪري رهيو هو، جيڪو شهنشاهه چارلس پنجين لاءِ سفر ڪري رهيو هو، جنوري 1525ع ۾ نيويارڪ هاربر تي پهتو ۽ هڊسن نديءَ جي وات جو نقشو چٽيو، جنهن جو نالو هن ريو ڊي سان انتونيو رکيو. 1609 ۾، انگريز محقق هينري هڊسن نيو يارڪ هاربر کي ٻيهر دريافت ڪيو، جڏهن ڊچ ايسٽ انڊيا ڪمپني لاء اتر اولهه طرف اوڀر طرف ڳولي رهيا هئا. هن ٻيڙيءَ تي چڙهيو، جنهن کي ڊچ نارٿ ريور (هاڻي هڊسن درياهه) سڏين ٿا، جنهن جو نالو هڊسن پهريون ڀيرو ماريشس جي نالي پٺيان موريس، پرنس آف نارنگي رکيو. هڊسن هن علائقي تي ڊچ ايسٽ انڊيا ڪمپنيءَ جي دعويٰ ڪئي. 1614 ۾، ڪيپ ڪوڊ ۽ ڊيلويئر بي جي وچ واري علائقي کي هالينڊ پاران دعوي ڪيو ويو ۽ نييو-نيدرلينڊ سڏيو ويو. نيو يارڪ شهر جو پهريون غير-آمريڪي رهواسي جوآن روڊريگيز هو، جيڪو سينٽو ڊومنگو جو هڪ واپاري هو، جيڪو 1613-14 جي سياري دوران منهٽن ۾ پهتو. 

the [[pre-Columbian era]], the area of present-day New York City was inhabited by [[Algonquian peoples|Algonquian]]s, including the [[Lenape]]. Their homeland, known as [[Lenapehoking]], included the present-day areas of [[Staten Island]], [[Manhattan]], [[the Bronx]], the western portion of [[Long Island]] (including [[Brooklyn]] and [[Queens]]), and the [[Lower Hudson Valley]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |first=Evan T. |last=Pritchard |year=2002 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c5hky9f5PgoC&amp;pg=PA27 |title=Native New Yorkers: The Legacy of the Algonquin people of New York |page=27 |publisher=Council Oak Books |isbn=1-57178-107-2 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The first documented visit into [[New York Harbor]] by a European was in 1524 by explorer [[Giovanni da&amp;nbsp;Verrazzano]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Debo2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Angie |last=Debo |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pLjYpwiuN_wC&amp;pg=PT28 |title=A History of the Indians of the United States |publisher=[[University of Oklahoma Press]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-0-8061-8965-9 |page=28 }}&lt;/ref&gt; He claimed the area for [[Kingdom of France|France]] and named it ''Nouvelle Angoulême'' (New [[Angoulême]]).&lt;ref name=&quot;rodgers&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rankin |first1=Rebecca B. |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.226262 |title=New York: The World's Capital City, Its Development and Contributions to Progress |last2=Rodgers |first2=Cleveland |publisher=[[Harper (publisher)|Harper]] |year=1948 }}&lt;/ref&gt; A Spanish expedition, led by the Portuguese captain [[Estêvão Gomes]] sailing for [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Charles&amp;nbsp;V]], arrived in New York Harbor in January 1525 and charted the mouth of the [[Hudson River]], which he named {{lang|es|Río de San Antonio}} ('Saint Anthony's River').&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author=WPA Writer's Project |title=A Maritime History of New York |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o08K8jlMI-IC |page=246 |publisher=Going Coastal Productions |year=2004 |isbn=0-9729803-1-8 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1609, the English explorer [[Henry Hudson]] rediscovered New York Harbor while searching for the [[Northwest Passage]] to the [[Orient]] for the [[Dutch East India Company]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Lankevich2002&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=George J. |last=Lankevich |url=https://archive.org/details/newyorkcity00geor |title=New York City: A Short History |publisher=[[NYU Press]] |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-8147-5186-2 |page=[https://archive.org/details/newyorkcity00geor/page/2 2] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; He sailed up what the Dutch called [[North River (Hudson River)|North River]] (now the Hudson River), named first by Hudson as the ''Mauritius'' after [[Maurice, Prince of Orange]].&lt;ref name=&quot;hudsonnni&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Hudson River |url=http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/history-and-heritage/digital-exhibitions/a-tour-of-new-netherland/hudson-river/ |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=[[New Netherland Institute]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Hudson claimed the region for the Dutch East India Company. In 1614, the area between [[Cape Cod]] and [[Delaware Bay]] was claimed by the Netherlands and called {{lang|nl|Nieuw-Nederland}} ('[[New Netherland]]'). The first non–Native American inhabitant of what became New York City was [[Juan (Jan) Rodriguez|Juan Rodriguez]], a merchant from [[Captaincy General of Santo Domingo|Santo Domingo]] who arrived in Manhattan during the winter of 1613–14, trapping for [[Fur|pelts]] and trading with the local population as a representative of the Dutch.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Roberts |first=Sam |date=October 2, 2012 |title=Honoring a Very Early New Yorker |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/10/02/honoring-a-very-early-new-yorker/ |access-date=October 28, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 14, 2013 |title=CUNY DSI Publishes Monograph on New York's First Immigrant |url=https://www.ccny.cuny.edu/news/juan-rodriguez-monograph |access-date=May 16, 2020 |publisher=[[The City College of New York]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dutch rule ===
{{Main|New Amsterdam|Fort Amsterdam|New Netherland}}
{{multiple image
| align             = right
| direction         = vertical
| width             = 220
| image1            = Stad Amsterdam in Nieuw Nederland (City Amsterdam in New Netherland) Castello Plan 1660.jpg
| caption1          = The [[Castello Plan]], a 1660 map of [[New Amsterdam]] in [[Lower Manhattan]]
| image2            = GezichtOpNieuwAmsterdam.jpg
| caption2          = [[New Amsterdam]], centered in what eventually became Lower Manhattan, in 1664, the year [[British colonization of the Americas|England]] took control and renamed it New York
}}

A permanent European presence near [[New York Harbor]] was established in 1624, making New York the [[List of North American settlements by year of foundation|12th-oldest continuously occupied]] European-established settlement in the [[continental United States]], with the founding of a Dutch [[Fur trade|fur trading]] settlement on [[Governors Island]]. In 1625, construction was started on a [[citadel]] and [[Fort Amsterdam]], later called ''Nieuw Amsterdam'' (New Amsterdam), on present-day Manhattan Island.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm Dutch Colonies], [[National Park Service]]. Retrieved May 19, 2007. &quot;Sponsored by the West India Company, 30 families arrived in North America in 1624, establishing a settlement on present-day Manhattan.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Tolerance&quot;&gt;[http://www.tolerancepark.org/id2.html GovIsland Park-to-Tolerance: through Broad Awareness and Conscious Vigilance], Tolerance Park. Retrieved February 9, 2017. See Legislative Resolutions Senate No. 5476 and Assembly No. 2708.&lt;/ref&gt;

The colony of New Amsterdam extended from the southern tip of Manhattan to modern-day [[Wall Street]], where a {{Convert|12|ft|adj=on}} wooden [[stockade]] was built in 1653 to protect against Native American and English raids.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/crash-selected-wall-street-chronology/ |title=Timeline: A selected Wall Street chronology |publisher=[[PBS]] |access-date=October 28, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1626, the Dutch colonial Director-General [[Peter Minuit]], as charged by the [[Dutch West India Company]], purchased the island of Manhattan from the ''Canarsie'', a small Lenape band,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |first1=Frederick M. |last1=Binder |first2=David M. |last2=Reimers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o08K8jlMI-IC |title=All the Nations Under Heaven: An Ethnic and Racial History of New York City |page=4 |year=1996 |isbn=0-231-07879-X |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; for &quot;the value of 60 [[Dutch guilder|guilders]]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.s4ulanguages.com/laet2.html |title=Pieter Schaghen Letter |year=1626 |quote=&quot;...&amp;nbsp;hebben t'eylant Manhattes van de wilde gekocht, voor de waerde van 60 gulden: is groot 11000 morgen.&amp;nbsp;...&quot; (&quot;...&amp;nbsp;They have purchased the Island Manhattes from the Indians for the value of 60 guilders. It is 11,000 morgens in size&amp;nbsp;...) |access-date=October 28, 2021 |website=S4ulanguages.com }}&lt;/ref&gt; (about $900 in 2018).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Value of the Guilder versus Euro |url=http://www.iisg.nl/hpw/calculate.php |access-date=July 25, 2019 |publisher=[[International Institute of Social History]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; A frequently told but disproved legend claims that Manhattan was purchased for $24 worth of glass beads.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Peter Schaghen Letter |url=http://www.nnp.org/nnp/documents/schagen_main.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101023083225/http://www.nnp.org/nnp/documents/schagen_main.html |archive-date=October 23, 2010 |access-date=October 28, 2010 |publisher=Nnp.org }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Miller |first1=Christopher L. |last2=Hamell |first2=George R. |date=September 1986 |title=A New Perspective on Indian-White Contact: Cultural Symbols and Colonial Trade |journal=[[The Journal of American History]] |volume=73 |issue=2 |pages=311–328 |doi=10.2307/1908224 |jstor=1908224 |issn=0021-8723 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Following the purchase, New Amsterdam grew slowly.&lt;ref name=&quot;npsnetherland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Dutch Colonies |url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=[[National Park Service]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; To attract settlers, the Dutch instituted the [[Patroon|patroon system]] in 1628, whereby wealthy Dutchmen (''patroons'', or patrons) who brought 50 colonists to New Netherland would be awarded land, local political autonomy, and rights to participate in the lucrative fur trade. This program had little success.&lt;ref name=&quot;locnetherland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Patroon System |url=http://frontiers.loc.gov/intldl/awkbhtml/kb-1/kb-1-2-2.html |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] |archive-date=March 19, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319082007/http://frontiers.loc.gov/intldl/awkbhtml/kb-1/kb-1-2-2.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Since 1621, the Dutch West India Company had operated as a [[monopoly]] in New Netherland, on authority granted by the [[States General of the Netherlands|Dutch States General]]. In 1639–1640, in an effort to bolster economic growth, the Dutch West India Company relinquished its monopoly over the fur trade, leading to growth in the production and trade of food, timber, tobacco, and slaves (particularly with the [[Netherlands Antilles|Dutch West Indies]]).&lt;ref name=&quot;npsnetherland&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nahcnetherland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Story of New Amsterdam |url=http://www.newamsterdamhistorycenter.org/bios/origins.html |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=New Amsterdam History Center }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1647, [[Peter Stuyvesant]] began his tenure as the last [[Director-General of New Amsterdam|Director-General]] of New Netherland. During his tenure, the population of New Netherland grew from 2,000 to 8,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Jacobs |first=Jaap |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vgnh3E5Mm0cC |title=The Colony of New Netherland: A Dutch Settlement in Seventeenth-Century America |publisher=[[Cornell University Press]] |year=2009 |page=32 |isbn=978-0801475160 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Eisenstadt |first1=Peter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tmHEm5ohoCUC&amp;q=New+Amsterdam+grew+from+under+2,000+to+8,000&amp;pg=PA1051 |title=The Encyclopedia of New York State |last2=Moss |first2=Laura-Eve |last3=Huxley |first3=Carole F. |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-8156-0808-0 |page=1051 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Stuyvesant has been credited with improving law and order; however, he earned a reputation as a [[despotism|despotic]] leader. He instituted regulations on liquor sales, attempted to assert control over the [[Dutch Reformed Church]], and blocked other religious groups from establishing houses of worship.&lt;ref name=&quot;nyhsstuyvesant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Peter Stuyvesant |url=http://www.nyhistory.org/peter-stuyvesant |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624011523/http://www.nyhistory.org/peter-stuyvesant |archive-date=June 24, 2016 |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[New-York Historical Society]] |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== English rule ===
{{Main|Province of New York|History of New York City (1665–1783)}}
{{multiple image
| align     = right
| direction = vertical
| width     = 220
| image1    = The fall of New Amsterdam cph.3g12217.jpg
| caption1  = ''[[The Fall of New Amsterdam]]'', painting by [[Jean Leon Gerome Ferris]], depicting the [[Conquest of New Netherland]]
| image2    = A_view_of_Fort_George_with_the_city_of_New_York,_from_the_SW.jpg
| caption2  = [[Fort Amsterdam|Fort George]] and New York with British warships, {{Circa|1731}}
}}

In 1664, unable to summon any significant resistance, Stuyvesant surrendered New Amsterdam to English troops, led by Colonel [[Richard Nicolls]], without bloodshed.&lt;ref name=&quot;nyhsstuyvesant&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nnistuyvesant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Peter Stuyvesant |url=http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/history-and-heritage/dutch_americans/peter-stuyvesant/ |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[New Netherland Institute]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; The terms of the surrender permitted Dutch residents to remain in the colony and allowed for religious freedom.&lt;ref name=&quot;lehrmanstuyvesant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The surrender of New Netherland, 1664 |url=http://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/early-settlements/resources/surrender-new-netherland-1664 |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1667, during negotiations leading to the [[Treaty of Breda (1667)|Treaty of Breda]] after the [[Second Anglo-Dutch War]], the victorious Dutch decided to keep the nascent plantation colony of what is now [[Suriname]], which they had gained from the English,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Treaty-of-Breda |title=Treaty of Breda |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=July 10, 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and in return the English kept New Amsterdam. The settlement was promptly renamed &quot;New York&quot; after the Duke of York (the future King James II and VII).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Homberger |first=Eric |title=The Historical Atlas of New York City: A Visual Celebration of 400 Years of New York City's History |publisher=Owl Books |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-8050-7842-8 |page=34 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The duke gave part of the colony to proprietors [[George Carteret]] and [[John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton|John Berkeley]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Miller |first=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=McEJCAAAQBAJ |title=James II (The English Monarchs Series) |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-300-08728-4 |pages=44–45 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

On August 24, 1673, during the [[Third Anglo-Dutch War]], [[Anthony Colve]] of the Dutch navy [[Dutch Raid on North America|seized New York]] at the behest of [[Cornelis Evertsen the Youngest]] and rechristened it &quot;New Orange&quot; after [[William III of England|William&amp;nbsp;III]], the [[Prince of Orange]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Roper2017&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=L. H. |last=Roper |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i8wnDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA215 |title=Advancing Empire |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-107-11891-1 |page=215 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The Dutch soon returned the island to England under the [[Treaty of Westminster (1674)|Treaty of Westminster]] of November 1674.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Van Luling |first=Todd |date=April 17, 2014 |title=8 Things Even New Yorkers Don't Know About New York City |work=[[HuffPost]] |url=https://huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/17/new-york-history-facts_n_5107337.html |access-date=September 13, 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Peter |last=Douglas |title=The Man Who Took Back New Netherland |url=http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/files/2813/5680/0659/Man_Who_Took_Back_NN.pdf |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[New Netherland Institute]] |archive-date=July 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708102432/http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/files/2813/5680/0659/Man_Who_Took_Back_NN.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Several intertribal wars among the Native Americans and [[epidemic]]s brought on by contact with the Europeans caused sizeable population losses for the Lenape between 1660 and 1670.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.penntreatymuseum.org/americans.php |title=Native Americans |publisher=Penn Treaty Museum |access-date=October 29, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; By 1700, the Lenape population had diminished to 200.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.gothamcenter.org/ &quot;Gotham Center for New York City History&quot;] Timeline 1700–1800&lt;/ref&gt; New York experienced several [[yellow fever]] epidemics in the 18th century, losing ten percent of its population in 1702 alone.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Pedro |last=Nogueira |url=http://jdc.jefferson.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&amp;context=yellow_fever_symposium |title=The Early History of Yellow Fever (PDF) |publisher=[[Thomas Jefferson University]] |year=2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/fever-timeline-yellow-fever-america/ |title=Timeline – Yellow Fever in America |publisher=[[Public Broadcasting Service]] (PBS) |access-date=October 30, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In the early 18th century, New York grew in importance as a [[port|trading port]] while as a part of the [[Province of New York|colony of New York]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Foote2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Thelma Wills |last=Foote |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cu4VfJPRsl4C&amp;pg=PA68 |title=Black and White Manhattan: The History of Racial Formation in Colonial New York City |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]], US |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-19-508809-0 |page=68 }}&lt;/ref&gt; It became a center of [[Slavery in the colonial United States|slavery]], with 42% of households enslaving Africans by 1730.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Oltman |first=Adele |date=October 24, 2005 |title=The Hidden History of Slavery in New York |url=http://www.thenation.com/article/hidden-history-slavery-new-york# |journal=[[The Nation]] |access-date=July 9, 2013 |archive-date=November 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191130043006/https://www.thenation.com/article/hidden-history-slavery-new-york/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Most were [[House slave|domestic slaves]]; others were hired out as labor. Slavery became integrally tied to New York's economy through the labor of slaves throughout the port, and the banking and shipping industries trading with the [[Southern United States|American South]]. During construction in [[Foley Square]] in the 1990s, the [[African Burying Ground]] was discovered; the cemetery included 10,000 to 20,000 graves of colonial-era Africans, some enslaved and some free.&lt;ref name=&quot;AsanteMazama2005&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Molefi Kete |last1=Asante |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RcBkDlJ7qjwC&amp;pg=PA33 |title=Encyclopedia of Black Studies |first2=Ama |last2=Mazama |first3=Marie-José |last3=Cérol |publisher=[[SAGE Publishing|SAGE]] |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-7619-2762-4 |page=33 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The 1735 trial and acquittal in Manhattan of [[John Peter Zenger]], who had been accused of [[seditious libel]] after criticizing [[List of colonial governors of New York|colonial governor]] [[William Cosby]], helped to establish [[freedom of the press]] in [[North America]].&lt;ref name=&quot;zenger&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Linder |first=Doug |year=2001 |title=The Trial of John Peter Zenger: An Account |url=http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/zenger/zengeraccount.html |publisher=[[University of Missouri–Kansas City]] |access-date=October 30, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1754, [[Columbia University]] was founded.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Moore |first=Nathaniel Fish |url=https://archive.org/details/anhistoricalske00univgoog |title=An Historical Sketch of Columbia College, in the City of New York, 1754–1876 |publisher=[[Columbia University]] |year=1876 |page=[https://archive.org/details/anhistoricalske00univgoog/page/n14 8] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== American Revolution ===
{{Further|American Revolution}}
[[File:BattleofLongisland.jpg|thumb|The [[Battle of Long Island]], one of the largest battles of the [[American Revolutionary War]], which took place in [[Brooklyn]] on August 27, 1776]]
The [[Stamp Act Congress]] met in New York in October 1765, as the [[Sons of Liberty]] organization emerged in the city and skirmished over the next ten years with British troops stationed there.&lt;ref name=&quot;BoyerClark2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Paul |last1=Boyer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O7NsCgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA100 |title=The Enduring Vision: A History of the American People, Volume 1: To 1877, Concise |first2=Clifford |last2=Clark |first3=Sandra |last3=Hawley |first4=Joseph |last4=Kett |first5=Andrew |last5=Rieser |publisher=[[Cengage Learning]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-111-78553-6 |page=100 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Battle of Long Island]], the largest battle of the [[American Revolutionary War]], was fought in August 1776 within modern-day Brooklyn.&lt;ref name=&quot;Reno2008&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Linda Davis |last=Reno |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KvhogpG5154C&amp;pg=PA3 |title=The Maryland 400 in the Battle of Long Island, 1776 |publisher=[[McFarland &amp; Company|McFarland]] |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-7864-5184-5 |page=3 }}&lt;/ref&gt; A British rout of the Continental Army at the [[Battle of Fort Washington]] in November 1776 eliminated the last American stronghold in Manhattan, causing [[George Washington]] and his forces to retreat across the Hudson River to [[New Jersey]], pursued by British forces.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/fort-washington Fort Washington], [[American Battlefield Trust]]. Accessed December 31, 2023. &quot;Fought on November 16, 1776 on the island of Manhattan, the Battle of Fort Washington was the final devastating chapter in General Washington's disastrous New York Campaign.... Seeing how precarious the American position was, Howe launched a three-pronged assault on Fort Washington and its outer defensive works. The combined British-Hessian assault force of 8,000 men grossly outnumbered the fort's 3,000 defenders.... At 3:00 P.M., after a fruitless attempt to gain gentler surrender terms for his men, Magaw surrendered Fort Washington and its 2,800 surviving defenders to the British.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Schenawolf, Harry. [https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/washingtons-retreat-across-new-jersey-a-british-fox-chase/ &quot;Washington's Retreat Across New Jersey: A British Fox Chase&quot;], Revolutionary War Journal, August 5, 2019. Accessed December 31, 2023.&lt;/ref&gt;

After the battle, in which the Americans were defeated, the British made the city their military and political base of operations in North America.&lt;ref&gt;[[Rohit Aggarwala|Aggarwala, Rohit T.]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/90018770 &quot;'I want a Packet to arrive': Making New York City the headquarters of British North America 1696-1783&quot;], ''New York History'', Winter 2017. Accessed December 29, 2023. &quot;One of New York City's key distinctions in the late colonial period was its role as the headquarters of the British Army in North America, almost continuously from 1755 to 1783.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The city was a haven for [[Loyalist (American Revolution)|Loyalist]] refugees and escaped slaves who joined the British lines for freedom promised by the [[British Crown|Crown]], with as many as 10,000 escaped slaves crowded into the city during the British occupation, the largest such community on the continent.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.amrevmuseum.org/revolution-stories/finding-freedom-deborah &quot;Finding Freedom: Deborah&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231230351/https://www.amrevmuseum.org/revolution-stories/finding-freedom-deborah|date=2023-12-31}}, [[Museum of the American Revolution]], May 4, 2018. Accessed December 31, 2023. &quot;They ran to the British Army which offered freedom to enslaved people owned by rebel masters based on the 1779 Philipsburg Proclamation issued by British General Henry Clinton. Historians estimate that 10,000 enslaved people sought freedom by escaping to the British during the Revolutionary War.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Goulet, L.; and Tsaltas-Otoomanelli, Mary. [https://www.gothamcenter.org/blog/black-loyalists-evaculation-zy4la &quot;Black Loyalists In The Evacuation Of New York City, 1783&quot;], [[The Gotham Center for New York City History]], November 15, 2023. Accessed December 31, 2023. &quot;By 1783, New York City had become the largest fugitive slave community in North America.... Free and self-emancipated Black people entered New York City during the British occupation seeking protection.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; When the British forces [[Evacuation Day (New York)|evacuated]] New York at the close of the war in 1783, they transported thousands of [[freedmen]] for resettlement in [[Nova Scotia]], England, and the [[Caribbean]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Hinks2007&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Peter P. |last=Hinks |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3UXQs0uO0VMC&amp;pg=PA508 |title=Encyclopedia of Antislavery and Abolition |publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]] |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-313-33144-2 |page=508 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The attempt at a peaceful solution to the war took place at the [[Conference House]] on Staten Island between American delegates, including [[Benjamin Franklin]], and British general [[Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe|Lord Howe]] on September 11, 1776.&lt;ref&gt;Mattera, John. [https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/conference-house-park/dailyplant/19934 Conference House Park The Daily Plant : Thursday, September 7, 2006], [[New York City Department of Parks and Recreation]]. Accessed December 29, 2023.&lt;/ref&gt; Shortly after the British occupation began, the [[Great Fire of New York (1776)|Great Fire of New York]] destroyed nearly 500 buildings, about a quarter of the structures in the city, including [[Trinity Church (New York City)|Trinity Church]].&lt;ref&gt;Trinity Church bicentennial celebration, May 5, 1897, By Trinity Church (New York, N.Y.) p. 37, ISBN 978-1-356-90825-7&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/disasters/fires-1776.html New York City (NYC) The Great Fire of 1776], [[Baruch College]]. Accessed December 29, 2023. &quot;The fire started in a wooden building near White Hall Slip, called the Fighting Cocks Tavern, a fun house visited by the city's most disreputable residents. It was fanned by winds south west of the city and spread rapidly into the night, demolishing 493 buildings and houses in the process.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Post-revolutionary period and early 19th century ===
{{Main|History of New York City (1784–1854)}}
[[File:Washington's_Inauguration.jpg|thumb|A portrait of the [[first inauguration of George Washington]] in 1789]]
In January 1785, the assembly of the [[Congress of the Confederation]] made New York City the national capital.&lt;ref&gt;[https://declaration.fas.harvard.edu/blog/january-superintending-1 &quot;January Highlight: Superintending Independence, Part 1&quot;], [[Harvard University]] Declaration Resources Project, January 4, 2017. Accessed December 29, 2023. &quot;From January 11, 1785 through 1789, the Congress of the Confederation met in New York City, at City Hall (which later became Federal Hall) and at Fraunces Tavern.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; New York was the last capital of the United States under the [[Articles of Confederation]] and the first under the [[Constitution of the United States|Constitution]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Post-Revolutionary War&quot;/&gt; As the capital, New York City hosted the inauguration of the first President, [[George Washington]], and the first [[United States Congress|Congress]], at [[Federal Hall]] on [[Wall Street]]. Congress drafted the [[United States Bill of Rights|Bill of Rights]] there.&lt;ref name=&quot;Post-Revolutionary War&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine |title=The People's Vote: President George Washington's First Inaugural Speech (1789) |url=https://www.usnews.com/usnews/documents/docpages/document_page11.htm |magazine=[[U.S. News &amp; World Report]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080925045133/http://www.usnews.com/usnews/documents/docpages/document_page11.htm |archive-date=September 25, 2008 |access-date=September 1, 2008 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Supreme Court of the United States|Supreme Court]] held its first organizational sessions in New York in 1790.

In 1790, for the first time, New York City surpassed [[Philadelphia]] as the nation's largest city. At the end of 1790, the national capital was [[Residence Act|moved to Philadelphia]].&lt;ref name=&quot;residence act&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Residence Act |url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Residence.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222110855/https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Residence.html |archive-date=February 22, 2017 |access-date=April 23, 2017 |work=Web Guides: Primary Documents in American History |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |first=Robert |last=Fortenbaugh |url=https://www.senate.gov/reference/reference_item/Nine_Capitals_of_the_United_States.htm |access-date=October 30, 2021 |title=The Nine Capitals of the United States |year=1948 |pages=9 |publisher=[[United States Senate]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

During the 19th century, New York City's population grew from 60,000 to 3.43&amp;nbsp;million.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Smil |first=Vaclav |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=52yuDwAAQBAJ |title=Growth: From Microorganisms to Megacities |publisher=[[The MIT Press]] |year=2019 |isbn=978-0-262-04283-3 |page=336 |author-link=Vaclav Smil }}&lt;/ref&gt; Under New York State's [[gradual emancipation (United States)|gradual emancipation]] act of 1799, children of slave mothers were to be eventually liberated but to be held in [[indentured servitude]] until their mid-to-late twenties.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Negro Slavery in New York&quot; ([[Laws of New York|L. 1799, Ch. 62]])&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Harper |first=Douglas |year=2003 |title=Emancipation in New York |url=http://www.slavenorth.com/nyemancip.htm |work=Slave North |access-date=February 6, 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Together with slaves freed by their masters after the Revolutionary War and escaped slaves, a significant free-Black population gradually developed in Manhattan. The [[New York Manumission Society]] worked for abolition and established the [[African Free School]] to educate Black children.&lt;ref name=&quot;Divided&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nydivided.org/VirtualExhibit/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414223102/http://www.nydivided.org/VirtualExhibit/ |title=New York Divided: Slavery and the Civil War Online Exhibit |publisher=New-York Historical Society (physical exhibit) |date=September 3, 2007 |access-date=May 10, 2012 |archive-date=April 14, 2012 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; It was not until 1827 that [[History of slavery in New York (state)|slavery was completely abolished in the state]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nyhistory.org/community/slavery-end-new-york-state When Did Slavery End in New York State?], [[New-York Historical Society]]. Accessed January 16, 2024. &quot;In 1799, New York passed a Gradual Emancipation act that freed slave children born after July 4, 1799, but indentured them until they were young adults. In 1817 a new law passed that would free slaves born before 1799 but not until 1827.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Free Blacks struggled with discrimination and interracial abolitionist activism continued. New York City's population jumped from 123,706 in 1820 (10,886 of whom were Black and of which 518 were enslaved) to 312,710 by 1840 (16,358 of whom were Black).&lt;ref name=Census1790to1990/&gt;
[[File:Hippolyte_Sebron_-_Rue_De_New-York_En_1840.jpg|alt=A painting of a snowy city street with horse-drawn sleds and a 19th-century fire truck under blue sky|thumb|[[Broadway (Manhattan)|Broadway]], which follows the Native American [[Wecquaesgeek]] Trail through Manhattan, 1840&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Shorto |first=Russell |date=February 9, 2004 |title=The Streets Where History Lives |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/09/opinion/the-streets-where-history-lives.html |access-date=June 19, 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Also in the 19th century, the city was transformed by both commercial and residential development relating to its status as a national and [[International trade|international trading center]], as well as by European immigration, respectively.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Rosenwaike |first=Ira |url=https://archive.org/details/populationhistor00irar |title=Population History of New York City |date=1972 |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8156-2155-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/populationhistor00irar/page/55 55] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; The city adopted the [[Commissioners' Plan of 1811]], which expanded the city [[Grid plan#Early United States|street grid]] to encompass almost all of Manhattan. The 1825 completion of the [[Erie Canal]] through [[central New York]] connected the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] port to the agricultural markets and commodities of the North American interior via the Hudson River and the [[Great Lakes]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Bridges |first=William |title=Map of the City Of New York And Island Of Manhattan With Explanatory Remarks And References |year=1811}}; Lankevich (1998), pp. 67–68.&lt;/ref&gt; Local politics became dominated by [[Tammany Hall]], a [[political machine]] supported by [[Irish diaspora|Irish]] and [[German diaspora|German immigrants]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Mushkat |first=Jerome |url=https://archive.org/details/fernandowoodpoli0000mush |title=Fernando Wood: A Political Biography |publisher=[[Kent State University Press]] |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-87338-413-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/fernandowoodpoli0000mush/page/36 36] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1831, [[New York University]] was founded.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Communications |first=NYU Web |title=A Brief History of New York University |url=http://www.nyu.edu/content/nyu/en/faculty/governance-policies-and-procedures/faculty-handbook/the-university/history-and-traditions-of-new-york-university/a-brief-history-of-new-york-university |access-date=March 8, 2024 |website=nyu.edu |language=en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Several prominent American literary figures lived in New York during the 1830s and 1840s, including [[William Cullen Bryant]], [[Washington Irving]], [[Herman Melville]], [[Rufus Wilmot Griswold]], [[John Keese]], [[Nathaniel Parker Willis]], and [[Edgar Allan Poe]]. Members of the business elite lobbied for the establishment of [[Central Park]], which in 1857 became the first [[Landscape design|landscaped park]] in an American city.&lt;ref&gt;Waxman, Sarah. [https://www.ny.com/articles/centralpark.html &quot;History of Central Park, New York&quot;], NY.com. Accessed January 16, 2024. &quot;New York's Central Park is the first urban landscaped park in the United States.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[Great Famine (Ireland)|Great Irish Famine]] brought a large influx of Irish immigrants, of whom more than 200,000 were living in New York by 1860, representing over a quarter of the city's population.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Cholera in Nineteenth Century New York |url=http://www.virtualny.cuny.edu/cholera/1866/cholera_1866_set.html |website=Virtual New York |publisher=[[City University of New York]] |access-date=October 31, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Extensive immigration from the German provinces meant that Germans comprised another 25% of New York's population by 1860.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harris&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Leslie M. |last=Harris |author-link=Leslie M. Harris |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TZx6A_M0yjQC |title=In the Shadow of Slavery: African Americans in New York City, 1626–1863 |date=2003 |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |isbn=9780226317755 |at=Excerpted from pages 279–288 |section=The New York City Draft Riots |section-url=http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/317749.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author1=M.G. Leonard |title=H. Doc. 29-54 - Paupers and criminals. Memorial of the Corporation of the City of New York, relative to the exportation from abroad of paupers and criminals. January 25, 1847. Read, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/SERIALSET-00499_00_00-043-0054-0000 |website=GovInfo.gov |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |access-date=June 22, 2023 |pages=8–9 |date=January 20, 1847 |quote='Leaving their homes,' [immigrants] say, 'with the brightest prospects,' alluring representations presented to them of the blessed state of American life, a few scanty coins in their pockets, though feeling in the enjoyment of rugged health, and surrounded by their young and innocent offspring, little did they imagine the trials to which they would be exposed; but at length they discover to their sorrow, and very natural discontent, that the foul steerage of some ocean-tossed ship is to form the filthy receptacle of persons, crowded too with hordes of human beings, with scarcely space enough to contain the half of them—certainly not more than the ''quarter'' of them ''comfortably''; and thus huddled together ''en masse'', they become the &quot;''emigrant passengers''&quot; destined to this country. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== American Civil War ===
{{Main|New York City in the American Civil War|History of New York City (1855–1897)}}
[[File:The Departure of the 7th Regiment.jpg|thumb|Departure of the [[7th New York Militia Regiment]] for the defense of Washington, D.C., April 19, 1861]]
[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] candidates were consistently elected to local office, increasing the city's ties to the South and its dominant party. In 1861, Mayor [[Fernando Wood]] called on the [[Alderman|aldermen]] to declare independence from Albany and the United States after the South seceded, but his proposal was not acted on.&lt;ref name=&quot;Divided&quot; /&gt; Anger at new [[military conscription]] laws during the [[American Civil War]] (1861–1865), which spared wealthier men who could afford to hire a substitute, led to the [[New York City draft riots|Draft Riots of 1863]], whose most visible participants were ethnic Irish working class.&lt;ref name=&quot;Divided&quot; /&gt;

The draft riots deteriorated into attacks on New York's elite, followed by attacks on Black New Yorkers after fierce competition for a decade between Irish immigrants and Black people for work. Rioters burned the Colored Orphan Asylum to the ground.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harris&quot; /&gt; At least 120 people were killed.&lt;ref name=&quot;McPherson&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=McPherson |first1=James M. |last2=Hogue |first2=James Keith |url=https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0077430352 |title=Ordeal by Fire: The Civil War and Reconstruction |publisher=[[McGraw-Hill Education]] |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-07-743035-1 |page=399 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleven Black men were lynched over five days, and the riots forced hundreds of Blacks to flee. The Black population in Manhattan fell below 10,000 by 1865. The White working class had established dominance.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harris&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;McPherson&quot; /&gt; It was one of the worst incidents of [[List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States|civil unrest in American history]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Cook |first=Adrian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QNkeBgAAQBAJ |title=The Armies of the Streets: The New York City Draft Riots of 1863 |year=1974 |pages=193–195 |publisher=[[University Press of Kentucky]] |isbn=9780813162553 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Late 19th and early 20th century ===
{{Main|History of New York City (1898–1945)|History of New York City (1946–1977)}}
[[File:Mulberry Street NYC c1900 LOC 3g04637u edit.jpg|thumb|Manhattan's [[Little Italy, Manhattan|Little Italy]] in the [[Lower East Side]], {{Circa|1900}}]]

In 1886, the [[Statue of Liberty]], a gift from [[France]], was dedicated in New York Harbor. The statue welcomed 14 million immigrants as they arrived via [[Ellis Island]] by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and is a symbol of the United States and American ideals of liberty and peace.&lt;ref name=&quot;Statue of Liberty UNESCO&quot;&gt;[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 Statue of Liberty], [[UNESCO]]. Accessed December 28, 2023. &quot;Inaugurated in 1886, the sculpture stands at the entrance to New York Harbour and has welcomed millions of immigrants to the United States ever since.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nps.gov/stli/learn/historyculture/the-immigrants-statue.htm The Immigrant's Statue], [[Statue of Liberty National Monument]]. Accessed December 28, 2023. &quot;Between 1886 and 1924, almost 14 million immigrants entered the United States through New York. The Statue of Liberty was a reassuring sign that they had arrived in the land of their dreams.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1898, the City of New York was formed with the [[City of Greater New York|consolidation]] of Brooklyn (until then a separate city), the County of New York (which then included parts of the Bronx), the County of Richmond, and the western portion of the County of Queens.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The 100 Year Anniversary of the Consolidation of the 5 Boroughs into New York City |url=http://nyc.gov/html/nyc100/html/classroom/hist_info/100aniv.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011221627/http://nyc.gov/html/nyc100/html/classroom/hist_info/100aniv.html |archive-date=October 11, 2007 |access-date=October 28, 2010 |website=NYC100 Centennial Celebration }}&lt;/ref&gt; The opening of the [[New York City Subway]] in 1904, first built as separate private systems, helped bind the new city together.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cudahy2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Brian J. |last=Cudahy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UfodzizzrfQC&amp;pg=PA2 |title=The New York Subway: Its Construction and Equipment : Interborough Rapid Transit, 1904 |publisher=[[Fordham University Press]] |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-8232-2401-2 |page=2 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Throughout the first half of the 20th century, the city became a world center for industry, commerce, and communication.&lt;ref name=&quot;Blake2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Angela M. |last=Blake |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v36fyM6qswYC&amp;pg=PT63 |title=How New York Became American, 1890–1924 |publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-8018-8874-8 |pages=63–66 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1904, the [[steamship]] ''[[PS General Slocum|General Slocum]]'' caught fire in the [[East River]], killing 1,021 people.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sheard1998&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Bradley |last=Sheard |url=https://archive.org/details/lostvoyagestwoce0000shea |title=Lost Voyages: Two Centuries of Shipwrecks in the Approaches to New York |publisher=Aqua Quest Publications, Inc. |year=1998 |isbn=978-1-881652-17-5 |page=[https://archive.org/details/lostvoyagestwoce0000shea/page/67 67] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1911, the [[Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire]], the city's worst industrial disaster, killed 146 garment workers and spurred the growth of the [[International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union]] and major improvements in factory safety standards.&lt;ref name=&quot;cornell1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The 1911 Triangle Factory Fire |url=https://trianglefire.ilr.cornell.edu/ |access-date=February 9, 2017 |publisher=Kheel Center, [[Cornell University]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Old_timer_structural_worker2.jpg|alt=A man working on a steel girder high about a city skyline.|thumb|A [[construction worker]] atop the [[Empire State Building]] during its construction in 1930. The [[Chrysler Building]] is visible to the right.]]

New York's non-White population was 36,620 in 1890.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Rosenwaike |first=Ira |url=https://archive.org/details/populationhistor00irar |title=Population History of New York City |date=1972 |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8156-2155-3 |at=Table 30 |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; New York City was a prime destination in the early 20th century for Blacks during the [[Great Migration (African American)|Great Migration]] from the American South, and by 1916, New York City had the largest urban [[African diaspora]] in North America.&lt;ref name=&quot;GatesHigginbotham2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Henry Louis Jr. |last1=Gates |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E_vRLcgEdGoC&amp;pg=PR7 |title=Harlem Renaissance Lives from the African American National Biography |first2=Evelyn Brooks |last2=Higginbotham |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-19-538795-7 |page=7 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Harlem Renaissance]] of literary and [[Culture of New York City|cultural life]] flourished during the era of [[Prohibition in the United States|Prohibition]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Roche2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Linda De |last=Roche |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cOGOCgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PR18 |title=The Jazz Age: A Historical Exploration of Literature: A Historical Exploration of Literature |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-61069-668-5 |pages=18–19 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The larger economic boom generated construction of skyscrapers competing in height.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Willis |first1=Carol |title=Form Follows Finance: Skyscrapers and Skylines in New York and Chicago |date=1995 |publisher=Princeton Architectural Press |location=New York |isbn=9781568980447 |pages=41, 85, 165 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

New York City became the most populous [[urban area#United States|urbanized area]] in the world in the early 1920s, overtaking [[London]]. The metropolitan area surpassed 10&amp;nbsp;million in the early 1930s, becoming the first [[megacity]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=New York Urbanized Area: Population &amp; Density from 1800 (Provisional) |url=http://www.demographia.com/db-nyuza1800.htm |access-date=July 8, 2009 |publisher=[[Demographia]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Great Depression]] saw the election of reformer [[Fiorello La Guardia]] as mayor and the fall of Tammany Hall after eighty years of political dominance.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Allen |first=Oliver E. |title=The Tiger—The Rise and Fall of Tammany Hall |publisher=[[Addison-Wesley Publishing Company]] |year=1993 |isbn=978-0-201-62463-2 |chapter=Chapter 9: The Decline |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/tigerrisefalloft00alle }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Returning [[World War II]] veterans created a post-war [[Business cycle|economic boom]] and the development of large [[housing tract]]s in eastern Queens and [[Nassau County, New York|Nassau County]], with Wall Street leading America's place as the world's dominant economic power. The [[United Nations headquarters]] was completed in 1952, solidifying New York's global [[geopolitical]] influence, and the rise of [[abstract expressionism]] in the city precipitated New York's displacement of Paris as the center of the art world.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Burns |first=Ric |date=August 22, 2003 |title=The Center of the World—New York: A Documentary Film (Transcript) |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/newyork/filmmore/pt.html |access-date=September 1, 2008 |publisher=PBS |archive-date=June 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623065806/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/newyork/filmmore/pt.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Late 20th and early 21st centuries ===
{{Main|History of New York City (1978–present)|September 11 attacks}}
[[File:Stonewall_Inn_5_pride_weekend_2016.jpg|alt=A two-story building with brick on the first floor, with two arched doorways, and gray stucco on the second floor off of which hang numerous rainbow flags.|thumb|[[Stonewall Inn]] in [[Greenwich Village]], the site of the June 1969 [[Stonewall riots]] and the cradle of the modern [[gay rights|LGBTQ+ rights]] movement&lt;ref name=&quot;GayGreenwichVillage1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first=Julia |last=Goicichea |date=August 16, 2017 |title=Why New York City Is a Major Destination for LGBT Travelers |url=https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/usa/new-york/articles/why-new-york-city-is-a-major-destination-for-lgbt-travelers/ |access-date=February 2, 2019 |publisher=The Culture Trip }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Workforce Diversity The Stonewall Inn, National Historic Landmark National Register Number: 99000562 |url=http://www.nps.gov/diversity/stonewall.htm |access-date=May 1, 2011 |publisher=[[National Park Service]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |first=Eli |last=Rosenberg |date=June 24, 2016 |title=Stonewall Inn Named National Monument, a First for the Gay Rights Movement |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/25/nyregion/stonewall-inn-named-national-monument-a-first-for-gay-rights-movement.html |access-date=June 25, 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

In 1969, the [[Stonewall riots]] were a series of violent protests by members of the [[LGBT community|gay community]] against a [[police raid]] that took place in the early morning of June 28, 1969, at the [[Stonewall Inn]] in [[Greenwich Village]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Murphy2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Timothy |last=Murphy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FeWMAQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA572 |title=Reader's Guide to Lesbian and Gay Studies |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-135-94234-2 |page=572 }}&lt;/ref&gt; They are widely considered to be the single most important event leading to the [[gay liberation]] movement&lt;ref name=&quot;GayGreenwichVillage1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KentuckyStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Brief History of the Gay and Lesbian Rights Movement in the U.S. |url=http://www.uky.edu/~lbarr2/gws250spring11_files/Page1186.htm |access-date=September 2, 2017 |publisher=[[University of Kentucky]] |archive-date=November 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191118054142/http://www.uky.edu/~lbarr2/gws250spring11_files/Page1186.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PinkNewsStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first=Nell |last=Frizzell |date=June 28, 2013 |title=Feature: How the Stonewall riots started the LGBT rights movement |url=http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2013/06/28/feature-how-the-stonewall-riots-started-the-gay-rights-movement/ |access-date=August 31, 2017 |publisher=[[PinkNews]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EncycloStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Stonewall-riots |title=Stonewall riots |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=August 31, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; and the modern fight for [[LGBT rights by country or territory|LGBT rights]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NPSStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=June 2016 |title=Civil Rights at Stonewall National Monument |url=https://www.nps.gov/places/stonewall.htm |access-date=August 31, 2017 |publisher=[[National Park Service]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ObamaStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Obama inaugural speech references Stonewall gay-rights riots |url=http://www.northjersey.com/news/2012_Presidential_Election/Obama_inaugural_speech_references_Stonewall_riots.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530065722/http://www.northjersey.com/news/2012_Presidential_Election/Obama_inaugural_speech_references_Stonewall_riots.html |date=January 21, 2013 |archive-date=May 30, 2013 |access-date=July 2, 2013 |publisher=[[North Jersey Media Group]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wayne R. Dynes]], author of the ''[[Encyclopedia of Homosexuality]]'', wrote that [[drag queen]]s were the only &quot;[[transgender]] folks around&quot; during the Stonewall riots. The transgender community in New York City played a significant role in fighting for LGBT equality.&lt;ref name=&quot;TransEqualityNYC&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first=Cristan |last=Williams |date=January 25, 2013 |title=So, what was Stonewall? |url=http://transadvocate.com/so-what-was-stonewall_n_8424.htm |access-date=March 28, 2017 |publisher=The TransAdvocate }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Ford to City.PNG|thumb|right|October 1975 ''[[New York Daily News]]'' front page on President Ford's refusal to help the city avert bankruptcy|upright]]
In the 1970s, job losses due to [[Deindustrialization|industrial restructuring]] caused New York City to suffer from economic problems and rising crime rates.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Tannenbaum |first=Allan |title=New York in the 70s: A Remembrance |url=http://digitaljournalist.org/issue0402/at_intro.html |date=February 2004 |access-date=December 18, 2011 |publisher=[[The Digital Journalist]] |archive-date=March 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320194616/http://digitaljournalist.org/issue0402/at_intro.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Growing fiscal deficits in 1975 led the city to appeal to the federal government for financial aid; President [[Gerald Ford]] gave a speech denying the request, which was paraphrased on the front page of the ''[[New York Daily News]]'' as &quot;FORD TO CITY: DROP DEAD.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[[Sam Roberts (journalist)|Roberts, Sam]]. [https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/28/nyregion/28veto.html &quot;Infamous 'Drop Dead' Was Never Said by Ford&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', December 28, 2006. Accessed February 20, 2024. &quot;Mr. Ford, on Oct. 29, 1975, gave a speech denying federal assistance to spare New York from bankruptcy. The front page of The Daily News the next day read: &quot;FORD TO CITY: DROP DEAD.&quot;... Moreover, the speech spurred New York's civic, business and labor leaders to rally bankers in the United States and abroad, who feared their own investments would be harmed if New York defaulted on its debt.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Municipal Assistance Corporation]] was formed and granted oversight authority over the city's finances.&lt;ref&gt;Chan, Sewell. [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/14/nyregion/felix-rohatyn-dead.html &quot;Felix G. Rohatyn, Financier Who Piloted New York's Rescue, Dies at 91&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', December 14, 2019. Accessed February 20, 2024. &quot;For nearly two decades, from 1975 to 1993, as chairman of the state-appointed Municipal Assistance Corporation, Mr. Rohatyn had a say, often the final one, over taxes and spending in the nation's largest city, a degree of influence for an unelected official that rankled some critics. His efforts to meld private profit with the public good defined him: In the perception of many his name was synonymous with two institutions — the M.A.C., which was hastily created in 1975 to save the city from insolvency, and Lazard (formerly Lazard Frères), the storied investment firm that started as a dry-goods business in New Orleans in 1848.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; While a resurgence in the financial industry greatly improved the city's economic health in the 1980s, New York's crime rate continued to increase through that decade and into the beginning of the 1990s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Effgen |first=Christopher |date=September 11, 2001 |title=New York Crime Rates 1960–2009 |url=http://www.disastercenter.com/crime/nycrime.htm |access-date=October 28, 2010 |publisher=Disastercenter.com }}&lt;/ref&gt;

By the mid-1990s, crime rates started to drop dramatically due to revised police strategies, improving economic opportunities, [[gentrification]], and new residents, both American transplants and new immigrants from Asia and Latin America.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}} New York City's population exceeded 8 million for the first time in the [[2000 United States census|2000 census]];&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nyc.gov/site/planning/planning-level/nyc-population/census-summary-2000.page Population - Decennial Census - Census 2000], [[New York City Department of City Planning]]. Accessed January 27, 2024. &quot;According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the population of New York City as of April 1, 2000, was 8,008,278, the largest enumerated census population in the city's history. The previous peak was in 1970, when the enumerated population stood at 7,894,862.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; further records were set in the [[2010 United States census|2010]] and [[2020 United States census|2020]] censuses.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nyc.gov/site/planning/planning-level/nyc-population/nyc-population.page Population], [[New York City Department of City Planning]]. Accessed January 27, 2024. &quot;The enumerated population of New York City's was 8,804,190 as of April 1, 2020, a record high population. This is an increase of 629,057 people since the 2010 Census.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Important new economic sectors, such as [[Silicon Alley]], emerged.&lt;ref name=&quot;Waller2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Irvin |last=Waller |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qQPGAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA38 |title=Smarter Crime Control |publisher=[[Rowman &amp; Littlefield]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-4422-2170-3 |page=38 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Explosion following the plane impact into the South Tower (WTC 2) - B6019~11.jpg|thumb|The [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)|World Trade Center]], in [[Lower Manhattan]], during the [[September 11 attacks]] in 2001]]

The year [[2000]] was celebrated with fanfare in [[Times Square]].&lt;ref name=NYC-Y2K&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/02/nyregion/year-2000-overview-2000-draws-rave-reviews-after-opening-night-night-jitters.html |title=THE YEAR 2000: THE OVERVIEW; 2000 Draws Rave Reviews After Opening Night Night Jitters |newspaper=The New York Times |date=January 6, 2000 |access-date=October 28, 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt; New York City suffered the bulk of the [[Economic effects of the September 11 attacks#New York City|economic damage]] and largest loss of human life in the aftermath of the [[September 11 attacks|September 11, 2001, attacks]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Dieterle2017&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=David A. |last=Dieterle |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LmphDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA396 |title=Economics: The Definitive Encyclopedia from Theory to Practice [4 volumes] |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |year=2017 |isbn=978-0-313-39708-0 |page=396 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Two of the four hijacked airliners were flown into the twin towers of the World Trade Center, resulting in the collapse of both buildings and the deaths of 2,753 people, including 343 first responders from the [[New York City Fire Department]] and 71 law enforcement officers.&lt;ref&gt;Nelson, Joshua Q. [https://www.foxnews.com/media/former-fdny-commissioner-firefighters-9-11 &quot;Former FDNY commissioner on losing 343 firefighters on 9/11: 'We had the best fire chiefs in the world'&quot;], ''[[Fox News]]'', September 11, 2021. Accessed January 30, 2024. &quot;Of the 2,753 people killed at the World Trade Center, 343 were first responders from the Fire Department of New York, while another 71 were law enforcement officers from 10 different agencies.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

[[World Trade Center site#Planning for the new World Trade Center|The area was rebuilt]] with a [[World Trade Center (2001–present)|new World Trade Center]], the [[National September 11 Memorial and Museum]], and other new buildings and infrastructure,&lt;ref name=&quot;Greenspan2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Elizabeth |last=Greenspan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DMHzmpTK5rYC&amp;pg=PA152 |title=Battle for Ground Zero: Inside the Political Struggle to Rebuild the World Trade Center |publisher=[[St. Martin's Press]]/[[Harvard University]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-137-36547-7 |page=152 }}&lt;/ref&gt; including the [[World Trade Center Transportation Hub]], the city's third-largest hub.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.panynj.gov/wtcprogress/transportation-hub.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103164156/https://old.panynj.gov/wtcprogress/transportation-hub.html |title=World Trade Center Transportation Hub |publisher=[[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey]] |access-date=February 9, 2017 |archive-date=January 3, 2020 |quote=The state-of-the-art World Trade Center Transportation Hub, completed in 2016, serves 250,000 Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) daily commuters and millions of annual visitors from around the world. At approximately 800,000 square feet, the Hub, designed by internationally acclaimed architect Santiago Calatrava, is the third-largest transportation center in New York City. |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The new One World Trade Center is the tallest skyscraper in the Western Hemisphere&lt;ref name=&quot;OneWTCtallest&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hetter |first1=Katia |last2=Boyette |first2=Chris |date=November 12, 2013 |title=It's official: One World Trade Center to be tallest U.S. skyscraper |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/11/12/travel/one-world-trade-center-tallest-us-building/index.html?hpt=hp_t2 |access-date=March 1, 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and the [[List of tallest buildings in the world|world's seventh-tallest building]] by [[pinnacle]] height, with its [[spire]] reaching a symbolic {{convert|1776|ft|m|1}}, a reference to the year of [[United States Declaration of Independence|American independence]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=New York City Skyscraper Diagram |url=http://skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?cityID=8 |access-date=January 22, 2013 |website=[[SkyscraperPage.com]] |publisher=Skyscraper Source Media }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=One World Trade Center |url=http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=7788 |access-date=February 9, 2017 |website=[[SkyscraperPage.com]] |publisher=Skyscraper Source Media |quote=The roof height is the same as original One World Trade Center. The building is topped out by a 124-meter (408-foot) spire. So the tower rises 1,776 feet (541-meter) which marks the year of the American declaration of Independence. }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Lesser |first=Benjamin |date=April 30, 2012 |title=It's official: 1 World Trade Center is now New York's tallest skyscraper |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/real-estate/official-1-wtc-new-york-new-tallest-building-article-1.1069925 |access-date=January 22, 2013 |work=[[New York Daily News|Daily News]] |location=New York }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[Occupy Wall Street]] protests in [[Zuccotti Park]] in the [[Financial District, Manhattan|Financial District]] of Lower Manhattan began on September 17, 2011, receiving global attention and popularizing the [[Occupy movement]] against [[Social inequality|social]] and [[economic inequality]] worldwide.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Joe |last=Nocera |author-link=Joe Nocera |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/15/opinion/nocera-two-days-in-september.html |title=Two Days in September |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 14, 2012 |access-date=May 6, 2017 |quote=On the left, that anger led, a year ago, to the rise of the Occupy Wall Street movement. Thus, Anniversary No. 2: Sept. 17, 2011, was the date Occupy Wall Street took over Zuccotti Park in Lower Manhattan, which soon led to similar actions in cities across the country. The movement's primary issue was income inequality—&quot;We are the 99 percent&quot;, they used to chant. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

New York City was [[Effects of Hurricane Sandy in New York|heavily impacted]] by [[Hurricane Sandy]] in October 2012, including flooding that led to the days-long shutdown of the subway system,&lt;ref&gt;Flegenheimer, Matt. [https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/31/nyregion/subways-may-be-shut-for-several-days-after-hurricane-sandy.html &quot;Flooded Tunnels May Keep City's Subway Network Closed for Several Days&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', October 30, 2012. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;As the remnants of Hurricane Sandy left the city on Tuesday, transit officials surveyed the damage to the system, which they shut down on Sunday night as a precaution. What they found was an unprecedented assault: flooded tunnels, battered stations and switches and signals likely damaged.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; and flooding of all [[East River]] subway tunnels and of all road tunnels entering Manhattan except the [[Lincoln Tunnel]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-112shrg81827/html/CHRG-112shrg81827.htm ''Superstorm Sandy: The Devastating Impact On The Nation's Largest Transportation Systems''], [[United States Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Surface Transportation, Maritime, Freight, and Ports]], December 6, 2012. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;The most damaging impact of the storm, from a transportation standpoint, was on the highway, transit, and rail tunnels in and out of Manhattan. All seven of the subway tunnels under the East River flooded, as did the Hudson River subway tunnel, the East River and Hudson River commuter rail tunnels, and the subway tunnels in lower Manhattan. Three of the four highway tunnels into Manhattan flooded, leaving only the Lincoln Tunnel open. While some subway service was restored three days after the storm, the PATH train service to the World Trade Center was only restored on November 26, four weeks after the storm, and subway service between the Rockaway peninsula and Howard Beach is not expected to be re-opened for months.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The New York Stock Exchange closed for two days due to weather for the first time since the [[Great Blizzard of 1888]].&lt;ref&gt;Strasburg, Jenny; Cheng, Jonathan; and Bunge, Jacob. [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970204789304578087131092892180 &quot;Behind Decision to Close Markets&quot;], ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'', October 29, 2012. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;Superstorm Sandy forced regulators and exchange operators to keep U.S. stock markets closed Tuesday, in the first weather-related shutdown to last more than one day since the Blizzard of 1888. The decision to close the New York Stock Exchange and other U.S. equity markets for a second straight day—reached by midafternoon Monday—renewed questions about the industry's disaster preparedness.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; At least 43 people died in New York City as a result of Sandy, and the economic losses in New York City were estimated to be roughly $19 billion.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-10-13/nyc-still-vulnerable-to-hurricanes-10-years-after-sandy &quot;NYC Still Vulnerable to Hurricanes 10 Years After Sandy&quot;], ''[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]'', October 13, 2022. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;Hurricane Sandy swept through New York City in October 2012, leading to 43 deaths and an estimated $19 billion in damages.... New York needs to step up its efforts and spend the $15 billion in federal grants that it received for recovery efforts, a new report by New York City Comptroller Brad Lander released on Thursday said.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The disaster spawned long-term efforts towards infrastructural projects to counter [[climate change]] and rising seas, with $15&amp;nbsp;billion in federal funding received through 2022 towards those resiliency efforts.&lt;ref name=ClimateResiliency2/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://comptroller.nyc.gov/reports/ten-years-after-sandy/ ''Ten Years After Sandy; Barriers to Resilience''], [[New York City Comptroller]] [[Brad Lander]], October 13, 2022. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;Of the $15 billion of federal grants appropriated for Sandy recovery and resilience, the City has spent $11 billion, or 73%, as of June 2022.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

In March 2020, the first case of [[Coronavirus disease 2019|COVID-19]] in the city was confirmed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=West |first=Melanie Grayce |date=March 1, 2020 |title=First Case of Coronavirus Confirmed in New York State |language=en-US |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/first-case-of-coronavirus-confirmed-in-new-york-state-11583111692 |access-date=July 10, 2020 |issn=0099-9660 }}&lt;/ref&gt; With its population density and extensive exposure to global travelers, the city rapidly replaced [[Wuhan]], China as the global epicenter of [[COVID-19 pandemic|the pandemic]] during the early phase, straining the city's healthcare infrastructure.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=August 2022 |title=When New York City was the COVID-19 pandemic epicenter: The impact on trauma care |journal=[[The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery]] |pmc=9322893 |quote=During early spring 2020, New York City (NYC) rapidly became the first US epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic. |last1=Liveris |first1=A. |last2=Stone Jr |first2=M. E. |last3=Markel |first3=H. |last4=Agriantonis |first4=G. |last5=Bukur |first5=M. |last6=Melton |first6=S. |last7=Roudnitsky |first7=V. |last8=Chao |first8=E. |last9=Reddy |first9=S. H. |last10=Teperman |first10=S. H. |last11=Meltzer |first11=J. A. |volume=93 |issue=2 |pages=247–255 |doi=10.1097/TA.0000000000003460 |pmid=35881035 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Robinson, David. [https://www.lohud.com/story/news/coronavirus/2020/03/27/how-new-york-city-became-coronavirus-pandemic-epicenter-what-know/2924735001/ &quot;COVID-19: How New York City became epicenter of coronavirus pandemic, what that means&quot;], ''[[The Journal News]]'', March 27, 2020. Accessed January 13, 2024. &quot;New York City's rise this month to become the new coronavirus pandemic's epicenter has far-reaching implications for communities statewide. Most pressing, the rapidly spreading virus that originated in Wuhan, China, threatens to overwhelm New York state's entire medical system, prompting a dire push for thousands of new hospital beds to treat infected New Yorkers. Further, the outbreak, which topped 44,600 confirmed cases statewide as of Friday, including 23,000 in New York City alone, is also devastating the entire state's economy and draining government coffers at all levels.... Why New York City's density, tourism made it vulnerable to coronavirus&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Through March 2023, New York City recorded [[COVID-19 pandemic in New York City|more than 80,000 deaths]] from COVID-19-related complications.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/us/new-york-covid-cases.html &quot;Tracking Coronavirus in New York: Latest Map and Case Count&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', March 23, 2023. Accessed January 13, 2024 &quot;Since the beginning of the pandemic, a total of 6,805,271 cases have been reported. At least 1 in 243 residents have died from the coronavirus, a total of 80,109 deaths.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

==جاگرافي==
[[فائل:Core of New York City by Sentinel-2.jpg|alt=|thumb|نيويارڪ شھر جو وچ جتي مينھٽن ٻيٽ واقع آهي]]
ھي شھر امريڪا جي اتر-اوڀر ۾ رياست، [[نيو يارڪ]] ۾، ھڊسن ندي جي [[ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] تي نيويارڪ بي ۾ ڇوڙ تي واقع آهي ۽ [[بوسٽن]] ۽ [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]] جي وچ ۾ واقع آهي. بوسٽن کان ھن شھر جو فاصلو &lt;small&gt;'''217'''&lt;/small&gt; ڪلوميٽر ۽ واشنگٽن ڊي سي کان &lt;small&gt;'''228'''&lt;/small&gt; ڪلوميٽر آهي.&lt;ref&gt;Washington, D.C. is {{convert|228|mi|km}} driving distance from New York, and Boston is {{convert|217|mi|km}} driving distance from New York.&amp;nbsp;– [https://maps.google.com/ Google Maps]&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://life.bio.sunysb.edu/marinebio/fc.1.estuaries.html |title=Information About the Hudson River Estuary |publisher=Life.bio.sunysb.edu |accessdate=August 20, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=nytimes&gt;{{cite news |first=Joseph |last=Berger |title=Reclaimed Jewel Whose Attraction Can Be Perilous |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/20/nyregion/20river.html|work=The New York Times |date=July 19, 2010 |accessdate=July 21, 2010}}
&lt;/ref&gt; آبادي ۾ اضافي ڪري ھن شھر جي ڪافي زمين سمنڊ مان ورتل آهي. ھيٺين مينھٽن جو علائقو، &quot;بيٽري پارڪ سٽي&quot; سمنڊ جي پاڻيءَ مان ورتل زمين تي جوڙيو ويو آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;gillespie-p71&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Gillespie |first=Angus K. |year=1999 |title=Twin Towers: The Life of New York City's World Trade Center |publisher=Rutgers University Press |page=71 |isbn=978-0-7838-9785-1}}&lt;/ref&gt; ڪل پکيڙ &lt;small&gt;'''{{convert|468.484|sqmi}}'''&lt;/small&gt; آهي، جنھن ۾ &lt;small&gt;'''{{convert|302.643|sqmi|abbr=on}}'''&lt;/small&gt; خشڪي ۽ &lt;small&gt;'''{{convert|165.841|sqmi|abbr=on}}'''&lt;/small&gt; پاڻي شامل آهن.&lt;ref name=&quot;CensusGazetteer&quot;&gt;[http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2010_place_list_36.txt New York State Gazetteer from 2010 United States Census], [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed February 9, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT Land Estimate&quot;&gt;{{cite news |work=The New York Times |title=It's Still a Big City, Just Not Quite So Big |first=Sam |last=Roberts |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/22/nyregion/22shrink.html |accessdate=May 22, 2008 |date=May 22, 2008}}
&lt;/ref&gt; شھر جو بلند ترين ھنڌ، &quot;مائونٽ ٽاڊٽ&quot; آهي جيڪو اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ ۾ واقع آهي جنھن جي اوچائي {{convert|409.8|ft}} آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Lundrigan |first=Margaret |title=Staten Island: Isle of the Bay, NY |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-7385-2443-6 |page=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن جبل جي چوٽيءَ تي ٻيلي جا وڻ آھن جيڪي اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ جي گرين بيلٽ جو حصو آھن.

== آباديات ==

== معيشت ==

== ثقافت ==

== انساني وسيلا ==

== ٽرانسپورٽ ==

== حڪومت ۽ سياست ==

== قابل ذڪر ماڻهو ==

== پڻ ڏسو ==

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
* {{Official website}}
* [http://www.nycgo.com/ NYC Go] – official tourism website
* [http://collections.mcny.org/ Collections] – 145,000 NYC photographs at the [[Museum of the City of New York]]
* {{cite web |title=The New New York Skyline (interactive) |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/new-york-city-skyline-tallest-midtown-manhattan/ |date=November 2015 |work=[[National Geographic]]}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Trenton, New Jersey]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Capital of the United States&lt;br /&gt;of America|years=1785–1791}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Philadelphia]], Pennsylvania}}
{{s-end}}

{{Subject bar |book=New York City | commons=yes |n=yes |wikt=yes |b=yes |q=yes |s=yes |v=yes |voy=yes |d=yes }}{{Portal bar|United States|New York|New York City|Geography|Cities}}{{authority control}}

[[Category:New York City| ]]
[[زمرو:نيويارڪ شهر]]
[[زمرو:بندرگاهه وارا شھر]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا بندرگاهه شھر]]
[[Category:1624 establishments in North America]]
[[Category:1624 establishments in the Dutch Empire]]
[[Category:1898 establishments in New York (state)]]
[[Category:1898 establishments in New York City]]
[[Category:Cities in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Cities in the New York metropolitan area]]
[[Category:Establishments in New Netherland]]
[[Category:Former capitals of the United States]]
[[Category:Former state capitals in the United States]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Populated places established by the Dutch West India Company]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1624]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1898]]
[[Category:New York (state) populated places on the Hudson River]]
[[Category:Port cities and towns of the United States Atlantic coast]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:وڏا شهر]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن جا شهر]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا شھر]]</text>
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      <text bytes="102769" sha1="h7x99zyzgykh5jwiyzxkrlzs8dqkqn0" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement &lt;!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --&gt;
| name                            = نيو يارڪ 
&lt;!--DO NOT change without discussion--&gt;
| official_name                   = &lt;!-- DO NOT add to this parameter without consensus --&gt;
| settlement_type   = شھر
| named_for                       = [[جيمز II(انگلينڊ)|جيمز، ڊيوڪ آف يارڪ]]
&lt;!-- images, nickname, motto ---&gt;| image_skyline                   = NYC Montage 2014 4 - Jleon.jpg
| imagesize                       = 305px
| image_caption  = گھڙيالي چڪر وانگر مٿان کان هيٺ:  وچ شھر وارو مينھٽن، ٽائمز اسڪوائر، يوني اسفيئر، بروڪلين پل، ھيٺيون مين ھيٽن [[ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر]] سميت، سينٽرل پارڪ، گڏيل قومن جو هيڊ ڪوارٽر ۽ آزادي جو مجسمو 
| image_flag = Flag of New York City.svg
| image_seal    = Seal of New York City (BW).svg
| image_blank_emblem    = NYC Logo Wolff Olins.svg
| blank_emblem_type   = [[ورڊ مارڪ]]
| nickname   = 
&lt;!-- maps and coordinates ------&gt;| image_map    = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=325|frame-height=325|zoom=9|frame-lat=40.782|frame-long=-73.965|type=shape-inverse|id=Q60|title=New York City}}
| mapsize       = 
| map_caption  = نيويارڪ شھر جو نقشو
| pushpin_map     = USA New York#USA#North America
| pushpin_relief          = 1
| pushpin_map_caption         = Location within the state of New York##Location within the United States##Location within North America
| pushpin_label      = نيو يارڪ شھر
| pushpin_label_position     = left
| coordinates                     = {{coord|40.7127|N|74.0059|W|region:US-NY|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint                   = &lt;!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) --&gt;
| coordinates_footnotes           = &lt;ref name=&quot;GR1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=April 23, 2011 |date=February 12, 2011 |title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!-- location ------------------&gt;| subdivision_type    =  [[ملڪ]]
| subdivision_name      = {{nowrap|{{flag|United States}}}}
| subdivision_type2  = [[آمريڪا|آمريڪا جي گڏيل رياستون]]
| subdivision_name2 = {{flag|New York}}
----
| subdivision_type3   = علائقو
| subdivision_name3    = مڊ ايٽلانٽڪ
| subdivision_type4    = ڪائونٽيون 
| subdivision_name4   = [[برونڪس]]  
&lt;br/&gt;بروڪلين&lt;br/&gt;مينھٽن&lt;br /&gt;ڪئينس&lt;br /&gt;اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ
----
| subdivision_type5     = ڪالوني 
| subdivision_name5    = نيو نيدر لينڊ &lt;br /&gt;نيويارڪ صوبو
&lt;!-- established ---------------&gt;| established_title  = قيام
| established_date     = 1624
| established_title1 = مختلف حصن کي گڏ ڪيو ويو
| established_date1    = 1898
| established_title2    = &lt;!-- Incorporated (city) --&gt;
 &lt;!-- government type, leaders --&gt;| government_footnotes            = &lt;ref name=&quot;MayorsOffice&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=the Mayor, New York City Office of |date=January 8, 2010 |url=http://www.nyc.gov/portal/site/nycgov/menuitem.e985cf5219821bc3f7393cd401c789a0/ |title=Biography |accessdate=January 8, 2010 |publisher=New York, City of |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100317115700/http://www.nyc.gov/portal/site/nycgov/menuitem.e985cf5219821bc3f7393cd401c789a0 |archivedate=March 17, 2010 |df=}}
&lt;/ref&gt;
| government_type     = ميئر-ڪائونسل
| governing_body   = نيو يارڪ ڪائونسل 
| leader_title     = ميئر
| leader_name  = بل ڊي بلاسيو (ڊيموڪريٽ)
&lt;!-- display settings ---------&gt;| total_type    = ڪل
| unit_pref    = Imperial 
&lt;!-- area ----------------------&gt;| area_footnotes  = &lt;ref name=&quot;GR1&quot; /&gt;
| area_total_sq_mi      = 468.484
| area_land_sq_mi   = 302.643
| area_water_sq_mi   = 165.841
| area_metro_sq_mi    = 13318
&lt;!-- elevation -----------------&gt;| elevation_footnotes     = &lt;ref name=&quot;GR3&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://geonames.usgs.gov |accessdate=January 31, 2008 |title=US Board on Geographic Names |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |date=June 23, 2018}} Search for feature ID 975772.&lt;/ref&gt;
| elevation_m      = 10
| elevation_ft    = 33
&lt;!-- population ----------------&gt;| population_rank    = پھريون نمبر وڏو شهر
| population_density_sq_mi    = {{#expr:8398748/302.643 round 0}}
| population_as_of   = [[2010 United States Census|2010]]
| population_total     = 8175133
| population_footnotes    = &lt;ref name=Census2010&gt;[https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/community_facts.xhtml Community Facts for New York city, New York] {{Webarchive|url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20150108070337/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml |date=2015-01-08 }}, [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed May 26, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_est    = 8398748
| pop_est_as_of         = 2018
| pop_est_footnotes     = &lt;ref name=2018Estimate /&gt;
| population_blank1_title    = [[Metropolitan statistical area|MSA (2018)]]
| population_blank1    = 1,99,79,477 
| population_blank2_title    = [[New York metropolitan area|CSA (2018)]]
| population_blank2     = 2,26,79,948  &lt;ref name=CombinedEst&gt;{{cite web |url=https://https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk
|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2018 – Combined Statistical Area; and for Puerto Rico – 2017 Population Estimates |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=April 27, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; ([[List of Combined Statistical Areas|1st]])
| population_demonym   = نيو يارڪر
| blank6_name    = جي ڊي پي (شھر جي، 2015ع)
| blank6_info  = 807 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=&quot;bea.gov&quot;&gt;https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gdp-county&lt;/ref&gt; (1st)
| blank7_name    = [[Gross metropolitan product|GMP]] (Metro, 2019)
| blank7_info   = 1.9  ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر 
&lt;!-- time zone(s) --------------&gt;| timezone1     = ايسٽرن ٽائيم زون
| utc_offset1     = −05:00
| timezone1_DST    =  ايسٽرن ٽائيم زون (اي ڊي ٽي)
| utc_offset1_DST       = −04:00
&lt;!-- postal codes, area code ---&gt;| postal_code_type     = زپ ڪوڊ 
| postal_code        = 100xx–104xx, 11004–05, 111xx–114xx, 116xx
| area_code   =  
212/646/332  /718/347/929 /917
&lt;!-- blank fields (section 1) --&gt;
| blank_name    = فيڊرل انفارميشن پراسيسنگ اسٽينڊرڊز
| blank_info       = 36-51000
| blank1_name     = جيوگرافڪ نيمز انفارميشن سسٽم فيچر شناخت
| blank1_info      = 975772
| blank2_name    = اھم ھوائي اڏا
| blank2_info   = جان ايف. ڪينيڊي انٽرنيشنل ايئرپورٽ، نيوآرڪ لبرٽي انٽرنيشنل ايئرپورٽ، لا گارڊيا ايئرپورٽ 
| blank4_name      = ڪميوٽر ريل
| blank4_info     = ايل ٽي آر ميٽرو نارٿ، اين جي ٽرانزٽ ريل آپريشن، ٽرانزٽ
| blank5_name    = ريپڊ ٽرانزٽ
| blank5_info    = نيو يارڪ شھر جي سب وي، اسٽيٽن آئلينڊ ريلوي، پئٿ ريلوي سسٽم
&lt;!-- blank fields (section 2) --&gt;| blank_name_sec2                 =  نيو يارڪ شھر جي پکيڙ ۾  وڏي ۾ وڏي ڪائونٽي 
| blank_info_sec2  =  ڪئينس
  – {{convert|109|sqmi|km2}}
| blank1_name_sec2  = آبادي ۾ وڏي ۾ وڏي ڪائونٽي 
| blank1_info_sec2    = بروڪلين (2,636,735 – 2015 est)&lt;ref name=BrooklynQuickFacts&gt;{{cite web |title=State &amp; County QuickFacts – Kings County (Brooklyn Borough), New York |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/36047.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=March 24, 2016 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160217175357/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/36047.html |archivedate=February 17, 2016 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| blank2_name_sec2  =  جي ڊي پي ۾ وڏي ۾ وڏي ڪائونٽي (2015)
| blank2_info_sec2   = مين ھيٽن – US$630 billion&lt;ref name=&quot;bea.gov&quot;/&gt;
| website   = [https://www.nyc.gov/ NYC.gov]
| population_density_km2    = auto
}}
''' نيو يارڪ شھر''' (&lt;small&gt;'''New York City'''&lt;/small&gt;) يا مختصر طور تي &quot;&lt;small&gt;'''NYC'''&lt;/small&gt;&quot; يا &quot;&lt;small&gt;'''NY'''&lt;/small&gt;&quot;، [[آمريڪا]] جو آبادي ۽ پکيڙ ۾ سڀ کان وڏو شھر آھي،&lt;ref name=2014NYCest2&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/22/nyregion/new-york-city-population.html |title=New York City’s Population Hits a Record 8.6 Million |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |accessdate=March 22, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; جنھن جي آبادي سال &lt;small&gt;'''2018'''&lt;/small&gt;ع ۾ '''&lt;small&gt;83,98,748&lt;/small&gt;''' ھئي.&lt;ref name=2018Estimate&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www1.nyc.gov/site/planning/data-maps/nyc-population/current-future-populations.page|title=NYC Population: Current and Projected Populations|website=www1.nyc.gov|access-date=2019-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھي شھر لڳ ڀڳ {{convert|302.6|sqmi|km2}} جي پکيڙ تي ڦهليل آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045216/3651000 Quick Facts for New York city, New York], [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed February 9, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/html/stormwater/index.shtml Stormwater] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170125025731/http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/html/stormwater/index.shtml|date=January 25, 2017}}, [[New York City Department of Environmental Protection]]. Accessed February 9, 2017. &quot;These impervious surfaces cover approximately 72% of New York City's 305 square miles in land area and generate a significant amount of stormwater.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; اھو آمريڪا جو سڀ کان گھاٽي آبادي وارو شھر پڻ آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;density2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.governing.com/blogs/by-the-numbers/most-densely-populated-cities-data-map.html|title=Mapping the Nation's Most Densely Populated Cities|author=Mike Maciag|date=October 2, 2013|publisher=Governing – The States and Localities|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827080100/http://www.governing.com/blogs/by-the-numbers/most-densely-populated-cities-data-map.html|archivedate=August 27, 2016|accessdate=August 27, 2016|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[فائل:New York World's Fair August 1964.jpeg|thumb|right|alt=A spherical sculpture and several attractions line a park during a World's Fair. |&lt;small&gt;ڪرونا پارڪ جتي يوني اسفيئر ڏيکاريل آهي&lt;/small&gt;]]
[[فائل:Statue of Liberty, NY.jpg|thumb|&lt;small&gt;ازادي جو مجسمو جيڪو لبرٽي ٻيٽ تي واقع آھي&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Statue of Liberty |work=World Heritage |publisher=UNESCO |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 |accessdate=July 18, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;]] ھي شھر دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏو ميٽروپوليٽن آهي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf|title=World Urban Areas|publisher=Demographia|year=2018|accessdate=March 27, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; ۽ دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏن آبادي وارن شھرن مان ھڪ آھي،&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.mongabay.com/cities_urban_01.htm |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091009143739/http://www.mongabay.com/cities_urban_01.htm |dead-url=yes |archive-date=October 9, 2009 |title=World's Largest Urban Areas [Ranked by Urban Area Population] |publisher=Rhett Butler |year=2003–2006 |accessdate=April 26, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.worldatlas.com/citypops.htm |title=Largest Cities of the World – (by metro population) |publisher=Woolwine-Moen Group d/b/a Graphic Maps |accessdate=April 26, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; جنھن جي آبادي سال 2018ع جي آدمشماري ۾ 1,99,79,477 ھئي. ھن کي دنيا جي معاشي طاقت وارو شھر پڻ چوندا آهن ۽ ھي الفا شھرن ۾ شامل آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.mori-m-foundation.or.jp/english/research/project/6/pdf/GPCI2009_English.pdf |title=Global Power City Index 2009 |publisher=The Mori Memorial Foundation |accessdate=June 1, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن کي ثقافتي شھر پڻ چوندا آهن،&lt;ref name=NYCWorld'sGreatestCity/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cultural2&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.iceland.is/iceland-abroad/us/nyc/cultural-affairs/ |title=Consulate General of Iceland New York Culture |publisher=Consulate General of Iceland New York |accessdate=July 1, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130205061848/http://www.iceland.is/iceland-abroad/us/nyc/cultural-affairs/ |archivedate=February 5, 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cultural3&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.latvia-newyork.org/english/ |title=Consulate of Latvia in New York |publisher=Consulate of Latvia |accessdate=July 1, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130208223706/http://www.latvia-newyork.org/english/ |archivedate=February 8, 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cultural4&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/Culture/intro.htm |title=Introduction to Chapter 14: New York City (NYC) Culture |publisher=The Weissman Center for International Business Baruch College/CUNY 2011 |accessdate=July 1, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130505181316/http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/culture/intro.htm |archivedate=May 5, 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;cultural5&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/371497 |title=New York, Culture Capital of the World, 1940–1965 / edited by Leonard Wallock ; essays by Dore Ashton&amp;nbsp;... [et al.] |publisher=National Library of Australia|accessdate=July 1, 2018|isbn=978-0-8478-0990-5 |year=1988 }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[وال اسٽريٽ]] (Wall Street)&lt;ref name=NYCDominantFinancialCenter&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-survey-markets/united-states-top-britain-second-in-financial-activity-think-tank-idUSKCN1LK2TM|title=United States top, Britain second in financial activity: think-tank|author=Huw Jones|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=September 4, 2018|accessdate=September 4, 2018|quote=Think-tank New Financial's study, which focuses on the “raw” value of actual domestic and international financial activity like managing assets and issuing equity, underscored the overall dominance of New York as the world's top financial center.|newspaper=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=WorldEconomicAndFinancialSuperCenter&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/top-8-cities-by-gdp-china-vs-the-us-2011-8 |title=Top 8 Cities by GDP: China vs. The U.S. |quote=For instance, Shanghai, the largest Chinese city with the highest economic production, and a fast-growing global financial hub, is far from matching or surpassing New York, the largest city in the U.S. and the economic and financial super center of the world. |publisher=Business Insider, Inc |date=July 31, 2011 |accessdate=July 1, 2018}}&lt;br /&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.thejobnetwork.com/new-york-city-the-financial-capital-of-the-world/ |title=New York City: The Financial Capital of the World |publisher=Pando Logic|accessdate=July 1, 2018|date=October 8, 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt; آمريڪا جو مالياتي ۽ نيو يارڪ شھر جو ميڊيا جو عالمي مرڪز آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.statista.com/chart/3299/new-york-is-the-worlds-media-capital/ |title=New York Is The World's Media Capital |author=Felix Richter |publisher=Statista |date=March 11, 2015 |accessdate=July 1, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NYCWorld'sMediaCapitalLargestPrideParade&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2017/05/first-nyc-pridefest-will-televised/ |title=ABC will broadcast New York's pride parade live for the first time |author=Dawn Ennis |publisher=LGBTQ Nation |date=May 24, 2017 |accessdate=September 26, 2018|quote=Never before has any TV station in the entertainment and news media capital of the world carried what organizer boast is the world's largest Pride parade live on TV.}}&lt;/ref&gt; نيو يارڪ واپار، تفريح، تحقيق، تعليم، ٽيڪنالاجي، سياست، سياحت، فن، فيشن ۽ راندين تي اھم اثر رکندڙ شھر آھي.&lt;ref name=&quot;FastPaceNYC1&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.fodors.com/world/north-america/usa/new-york/new-york-city/experiences/news/15-things-not-to-do-in-new-york-city|title=15 Things NOT to Do in New York City|author=Kelsy Chauvin|publisher=Fodor's|date=March 15, 2019|accessdate=March 23, 2019|quote=There are more than 8.6 million citizens of New York City, and they're pretty much all in a hurry. They're also shrewd, outspoken, and proudly able to survive in a metropolis that tends to punish the meek. The buzzing subway system alone is a symbol of how this city works: part ballet, part battlefield. Residents and visitors alike can see why New York is considered the greatest city in the world.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FastPaceNYC2&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Poliak |first=Shira |url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2009-11-19/features/0911180065_1_new-yorkers-fast-paced-big-apple |title=Adjusting To New York City |newspaper=Sun Sentinel |accessdate=November 1, 2015 |quote=Additionally, the fast-paced lifestyle of New York City demands adjusting. |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151203093200/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2009-11-19/features/0911180065_1_new-yorkers-fast-paced-big-apple |archivedate=December 3, 2015 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FastPaceNYC3&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/?id=tfsmDAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA50&amp;lpg=PA50&amp;dq=hurrying+feverish+electric+crowds+new+york#v=onepage&amp;q=hurrying%20feverish%20electric%20crowds%20new%20york&amp;f=false |title=Walking New York: Reflections of American Writers from Walt Whitman to Teju Cole |pages=46, 50, 131 |author=Stephen Miller |accessdate=May 10, 2017|isbn=978-0-8232-7425-3 |year=2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NewYorkMinuteDefinition&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/new%20york%20minute |title=Dictionary – Full Definition of ''New York Minute'|publisher=Merriam-Webster |accessdate=November 1, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھي شھر گڏيل قومن جي صدر مقام جو گهر پڻ آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[http://visit.un.org/content/plan-your-visit Plan your visit] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314234417/http://visit.un.org/content/plan-your-visit|date=March 14, 2017}}, [[United Nations]]. Accessed February 9, 2017. &quot;The Headquarters of the United Nations is located in New York City, along the East River. When you pass through the gates of the United Nations visitors' entrance, you enter an international territory. This 18-acre site does not belong to just one country, but to all countries that have joined the Organization; currently, the United Nations has 193 Member States.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ھي شھر بين الاقوامي سفارتڪاري جو پڻ مرڪز آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/ia/html/home/home.shtml |title=NYC Mayor's Office for International Affairs |publisher=The City of New York |accessdate=June 24, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150616080757/http://www.nyc.gov/html/ia/html/home/home.shtml |archivedate=June 16, 2015 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.digidiplomats.org/newyork/|title=Digital Diplomacy Coalition |publisher=Digital Diplomacy Coalition, New York|accessdate=August 11, 2018|quote=Established in 2014, DDC New York has partnered with the United Nations, major tech and social media companies, multiple governments, and NGOs to bring unique programs to the area community.}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن شھر جي بندرگاھه، نيويارڪ ھاربر دنيا جي وڏي ۾ وڏي قدرتي بندرگاھه آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/new-york-city/videos/new-york-harbor |title=New York City |publisher=A&amp;E Television Networks, LLC |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304110030/http://www.history.com/topics/new-york-city/videos/new-york-harbor |archivedate=March 4, 2016 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Port in a Storm: The Port of New York in World War II |url=http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/research_collections/research/history/hisportofnewyork.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429044423/http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/research_collections/research/history/hisportofnewyork.html |publisher=New York State Museum |accessdate=August 5, 2015 |archivedate=April 29, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[فائل:5 Boroughs Labels New York City Map.svg|thumb|upright=1.1|
نيويارڪ شھر جي پنج ڪائونٽيون:
{{legend|#4DAF4A|1.مين ھيٽن}}
{{legend|#FFFF33|2.بروڪلين}}
{{legend|#FF7F00|3.ڪئينس}}
{{legend|#E41A1C|4.برونڪس}}
{{legend|#984EA3|5.اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ}}|alt=A map with five insular regions of different colors.]]
ھي شھر پنج ضلعن يا ڪائونٽين تي مشتمل آهي. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/US_NYBOROUGHS.html |title=Boroughs of New York City |publisher=Ben Cahoon |year=2002 |access-date=October 5, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211145920/http://www.worldstatesmen.org/US_NYBOROUGHS.html |archivedate=February 11, 2012 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; جن جا نالا؛ بروڪلين، ڪئينس، مين ھيٽن، برونڪس ۽ اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ آھن جيڪي سال 1898ع ۾ ملائي ھڪ شھر ۾ تبديل ڪيا ويا.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.correctionhistory.org/html/chronicl/nycdoc/html/kbd_brnx.html |title=A 5-Borough Centennial Preface for Katharine Bement Davis Mini-History |publisher=The New York City Department of Correction |year=1997 |accessdate=October 26, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111023193440/http://www.correctionhistory.org/html/chronicl/nycdoc/html/kbd_brnx.html |archivedate=October 23, 2011 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; دنيا ۾ ارب پتي ماڻھن جو شھر سڏجندڙ ھي نيويارڪ سال 1624ع ۾ ھيٺين مينھٽن واري جاء تي &quot;ڊچ ريپلڪ&quot; جي ڪالوني ٺاھيندڙن قائم ڪيو ويو ۽ سال 1626ع ۾ کيس &quot;نيو ايمسٽرڊم&quot; جو نالو ڏنو ويو.&lt;ref name=&quot;u-s-history.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h2122.html |title=United States History – History of New York City, New York |accessdate=September 9, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; سال 1664ع ۾ اھو شھر ۽ ان جي چوڌاري واقع علائقا انگريزن جي قبضي ۾ آيا ۽ ان وقت جي برطانيا جي بادشاھه، [[چارلس ٻيون (انگلينڊ)|چارلس ٻئين]] اھو علائقو پنھنجي ڀاءُ [[جيمز ٻيون (انگلينڊ)|جيمز ٻئين، ڊيوڪ آف يارڪ]] کي ڏئي ڇڏيو جنھن ان شھر کي نيويارڪ جو نئون نالو ڏنو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm |title=Kingston: Discover 300 Years of New York History Dutch Colonies|publisher=National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior |accessdate=May 10, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; سال 1785ع کان 1790ع تائين ھي شھر [[آمريڪا]] جو گاديءَ جو هنڌ پڻ رھيو.&lt;ref name=senate&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.senate.gov/reference/reference_item/Nine_Capitals_of_the_United_States.htm |title=The Nine Capitals of the United States |publisher=[[United States Senate]] |accessdate=September 7, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; ۽ سال 1790ع کان وٺي ھي شھر ملڪ جو سڀ کان وڏو شھر رھندو آيو آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0027/tab01.txt |title=Rank by Population of the 100 Largest Urban Places, Listed Alphabetically by State: 1790–1990 |date=June 15, 1998 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=February 8, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; اوڻويھين ۽ ويھين صديءَ ۾ ھتي لکين ماڻھو لڏي آيا.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/statue-of-liberty |title=Statue of Liberty |publisher=A&amp;E Television Networks, LLC |accessdate=May 21, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن شھر ۾ لڳل مجسمو، &quot;اسٽيچو آف لبرٽي&quot; دنيا ۾ ملڪ جي امن ۽ آزادي جي ھڪ سڃاڻپ آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Statue of Liberty |work=World Heritage |publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre 1992–2011 |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 |accessdate=October 23, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

وال اسٽريٽ، مالي ضلعي، مئنهٽن ۾ بيٺل، نيو يارڪ شهر کي دنيا جو سڀ کان وڏو مالياتي ۽ فن ٽيڪ سينٽر ۽ دنيا جو سڀ کان وڌيڪ اقتصادي طور تي طاقتور شهر بڻائي ٿو. سال 2022ع تائين، نيو يارڪ ميٽروپوليٽن علائقو دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي ميٽروپوليٽن معيشت آهي، جنهن جي مجموعي ميٽروپوليٽن پيداوار 2.16 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر کان وڌيڪ آهي. نيو يارڪ ميٽروپوليٽن علائقي جي معيشت دنيا جي سڀني نون ملڪن کان وڏي آهي. چوويهه ڪلاڪ تيز ٽرانزٽ سسٽم هجڻ جي باوجود، نيو يارڪ شهري گاڏين جي ٽريفڪ جام ۾ دنيا جي اڳواڻي پڻ ڪري ٿو. هي شهر دنيا جي، انهن جي لسٽ ڪيل ڪمپنين جي مارڪيٽ سرمائيداري ذريعي، ٻن وڏين اسٽاڪ ايڪسچينج؛ نيو يارڪ اسٽاڪ ايڪسچينج (NYSE) ۽ نئسڊڪ (NASDAQ) جو گهر آهي. نيو يارڪ شهر عالمي سيڙپڪارن لاءِ قائم ڪيل محفوظ جنت آهي. سال 2023ع تائين، نيو يارڪ شھر، غير ملڪين لاءِ ۽ وڏي فرق سان ملڪ جي ڪنهن به شهر جي رهائشي ڪرائي جي لحاظ کان، دنيا جو سڀ کان مهانگو شهر  تي آهي ۽ پنجين ايونيو دنيا جي سڀ کان مهانگي شاپنگ اسٽريٽ آهي. نيو يارڪ شهر هڪ اهم فرق سان ارب پتي ماڻهن جي وڏي تعداد ۾، انتهائي اعليٰ خالص ماليت (ٽي ڪروڙ آمريڪي ڊالر کان وڌيڪ) ۽ دنيا جي ڪنهن به شهر کان وڏو ارب پتي ماڻهن جو گهر آهي. 

==نالو==
{{See_also|Nicknames of New York City}}
سال 1664ع ۾، نيويارڪ جو نالو ڊيوڪ آف يارڪ (بعد ۾ انگلينڊ جي بادشاهه جيمس ٻين) جي اعزاز ۾ رکيو ويو. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.qchron.com/editions/queenswide/new-amsterdam-becomes-new-york/article_dd6e910f-a882-5b2e-9771-a2caa1574e07.html|title=1664 New Amsterdam becomes New York Dutch rulers surrender to England|last=Badoe|first=Etta|date=November 11, 2015|publisher=[[Queens Chronicle]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170201120328/https://www.qchron.com/editions/queenswide/new-amsterdam-becomes-new-york/article_dd6e910f-a882-5b2e-9771-a2caa1574e07.html|archive-date=February 1, 2017|access-date=March 13, 2021|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; جيمس جو وڏو ڀاءُ، بادشاهه چارلس ٻيون، کيس نيو هالينڊ جي اڳوڻي علائقي جو مالڪ مقرر ڪيو، جنهن ۾ نيو ايمسٽرڊم جو شهر به شامل هو، جڏهن انگلينڊ جي بادشاهت ان کي ڊچ (ولنديزين) جي قبضي کان وٺي ڇڏيو.&lt;ref name=&quot;Archdeacon2013a2&quot;&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9bTxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT19|title=New York City, 1664–1710: Conquest and Change|last=Archdeacon|first=Thomas J.|publisher=[[Cornell University Press]]|year=2013|isbn=978-0-8014-6891-9|page=19|author-link1=Thomas J. Archdeacon}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

==تاريخ==
{{Main|History of New York City|Timeline of New York City}}
{{Further|History of Manhattan|Timeline of Brooklyn |Timeline of Queens|Timeline of the Bronx|Timeline of Staten Island}}

=== شروعاتي تاريخ ===
{{Main|نيو يارڪ جي تاريخ (ماقبل تاريخ کان 1664ع تائين)}}
پري-ڪولمبين دور ۾، اڄوڪي نيو يارڪ شهر جو علائقو Algonquians، جنهن ۾ Lenape به شامل هو، آباد هو. سندن وطن، جنهن کي Lenapehoking جي نالي سان سڃاتو وڃي ٿو، ان ۾ اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ، منهٽن، برونڪس، لانگ آئلينڊ جو الهندو حصو (بشمول بروڪلن ۽ ڪوئنز)، ۽ لوئر هڊسن وادي شامل آهن. نيو يارڪ هاربر ۾ پهريون دستاويزي دورو هڪ يورپين طرفان 1524 ۾ دريافت ڪندڙ Giovanni da Verrazzano پاران ڪيو ويو. هن فرانس لاءِ علائقي جي دعويٰ ڪئي ۽ ان جو نالو Nouvelle Angoulême رکيو. هڪ اسپيني مهم، جنهن جي اڳواڻي پورچوگالي ڪپتان ايسٽيو گومز ڪري رهيو هو، جيڪو شهنشاهه چارلس پنجين لاءِ سفر ڪري رهيو هو، جنوري 1525ع ۾ نيويارڪ هاربر تي پهتو ۽ هڊسن نديءَ جي وات جو نقشو چٽيو، جنهن جو نالو هن ريو ڊي سان انتونيو رکيو. 1609 ۾، انگريز محقق هينري هڊسن نيو يارڪ هاربر کي ٻيهر دريافت ڪيو، جڏهن ڊچ ايسٽ انڊيا ڪمپني لاء اتر اولهه طرف اوڀر طرف ڳولي رهيا هئا. هن ٻيڙيءَ تي چڙهيو، جنهن کي ڊچ نارٿ ريور (هاڻي هڊسن درياهه) سڏين ٿا، جنهن جو نالو هڊسن پهريون ڀيرو ماريشس جي نالي پٺيان موريس، پرنس آف نارنگي رکيو. هڊسن هن علائقي تي ڊچ ايسٽ انڊيا ڪمپنيءَ جي دعويٰ ڪئي. 1614 ۾، ڪيپ ڪوڊ ۽ ڊيلويئر بي جي وچ واري علائقي کي هالينڊ پاران دعوي ڪيو ويو ۽ نييو-نيدرلينڊ سڏيو ويو. نيو يارڪ شهر جو پهريون غير-آمريڪي رهواسي جوآن روڊريگيز هو، جيڪو سينٽو ڊومنگو جو هڪ واپاري هو، جيڪو 1613-14 جي سياري دوران منهٽن ۾ پهتو. 

the [[pre-Columbian era]], the area of present-day New York City was inhabited by [[Algonquian peoples|Algonquian]]s, including the [[Lenape]]. Their homeland, known as [[Lenapehoking]], included the present-day areas of [[Staten Island]], [[Manhattan]], [[the Bronx]], the western portion of [[Long Island]] (including [[Brooklyn]] and [[Queens]]), and the [[Lower Hudson Valley]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |first=Evan T. |last=Pritchard |year=2002 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c5hky9f5PgoC&amp;pg=PA27 |title=Native New Yorkers: The Legacy of the Algonquin people of New York |page=27 |publisher=Council Oak Books |isbn=1-57178-107-2 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The first documented visit into [[New York Harbor]] by a European was in 1524 by explorer [[Giovanni da&amp;nbsp;Verrazzano]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Debo2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Angie |last=Debo |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pLjYpwiuN_wC&amp;pg=PT28 |title=A History of the Indians of the United States |publisher=[[University of Oklahoma Press]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-0-8061-8965-9 |page=28 }}&lt;/ref&gt; He claimed the area for [[Kingdom of France|France]] and named it ''Nouvelle Angoulême'' (New [[Angoulême]]).&lt;ref name=&quot;rodgers&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rankin |first1=Rebecca B. |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.226262 |title=New York: The World's Capital City, Its Development and Contributions to Progress |last2=Rodgers |first2=Cleveland |publisher=[[Harper (publisher)|Harper]] |year=1948 }}&lt;/ref&gt; A Spanish expedition, led by the Portuguese captain [[Estêvão Gomes]] sailing for [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Charles&amp;nbsp;V]], arrived in New York Harbor in January 1525 and charted the mouth of the [[Hudson River]], which he named {{lang|es|Río de San Antonio}} ('Saint Anthony's River').&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author=WPA Writer's Project |title=A Maritime History of New York |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o08K8jlMI-IC |page=246 |publisher=Going Coastal Productions |year=2004 |isbn=0-9729803-1-8 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1609, the English explorer [[Henry Hudson]] rediscovered New York Harbor while searching for the [[Northwest Passage]] to the [[Orient]] for the [[Dutch East India Company]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Lankevich2002&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=George J. |last=Lankevich |url=https://archive.org/details/newyorkcity00geor |title=New York City: A Short History |publisher=[[NYU Press]] |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-8147-5186-2 |page=[https://archive.org/details/newyorkcity00geor/page/2 2] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; He sailed up what the Dutch called [[North River (Hudson River)|North River]] (now the Hudson River), named first by Hudson as the ''Mauritius'' after [[Maurice, Prince of Orange]].&lt;ref name=&quot;hudsonnni&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Hudson River |url=http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/history-and-heritage/digital-exhibitions/a-tour-of-new-netherland/hudson-river/ |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=[[New Netherland Institute]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Hudson claimed the region for the Dutch East India Company. In 1614, the area between [[Cape Cod]] and [[Delaware Bay]] was claimed by the Netherlands and called {{lang|nl|Nieuw-Nederland}} ('[[New Netherland]]'). The first non–Native American inhabitant of what became New York City was [[Juan (Jan) Rodriguez|Juan Rodriguez]], a merchant from [[Captaincy General of Santo Domingo|Santo Domingo]] who arrived in Manhattan during the winter of 1613–14, trapping for [[Fur|pelts]] and trading with the local population as a representative of the Dutch.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Roberts |first=Sam |date=October 2, 2012 |title=Honoring a Very Early New Yorker |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/10/02/honoring-a-very-early-new-yorker/ |access-date=October 28, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 14, 2013 |title=CUNY DSI Publishes Monograph on New York's First Immigrant |url=https://www.ccny.cuny.edu/news/juan-rodriguez-monograph |access-date=May 16, 2020 |publisher=[[The City College of New York]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dutch rule ===
{{Main|New Amsterdam|Fort Amsterdam|New Netherland}}
{{multiple image
| align             = right
| direction         = vertical
| width             = 220
| image1            = Stad Amsterdam in Nieuw Nederland (City Amsterdam in New Netherland) Castello Plan 1660.jpg
| caption1          = The [[Castello Plan]], a 1660 map of [[New Amsterdam]] in [[Lower Manhattan]]
| image2            = GezichtOpNieuwAmsterdam.jpg
| caption2          = [[New Amsterdam]], centered in what eventually became Lower Manhattan, in 1664, the year [[British colonization of the Americas|England]] took control and renamed it New York
}}

A permanent European presence near [[New York Harbor]] was established in 1624, making New York the [[List of North American settlements by year of foundation|12th-oldest continuously occupied]] European-established settlement in the [[continental United States]], with the founding of a Dutch [[Fur trade|fur trading]] settlement on [[Governors Island]]. In 1625, construction was started on a [[citadel]] and [[Fort Amsterdam]], later called ''Nieuw Amsterdam'' (New Amsterdam), on present-day Manhattan Island.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm Dutch Colonies], [[National Park Service]]. Retrieved May 19, 2007. &quot;Sponsored by the West India Company, 30 families arrived in North America in 1624, establishing a settlement on present-day Manhattan.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Tolerance&quot;&gt;[http://www.tolerancepark.org/id2.html GovIsland Park-to-Tolerance: through Broad Awareness and Conscious Vigilance], Tolerance Park. Retrieved February 9, 2017. See Legislative Resolutions Senate No. 5476 and Assembly No. 2708.&lt;/ref&gt;

The colony of New Amsterdam extended from the southern tip of Manhattan to modern-day [[Wall Street]], where a {{Convert|12|ft|adj=on}} wooden [[stockade]] was built in 1653 to protect against Native American and English raids.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/crash-selected-wall-street-chronology/ |title=Timeline: A selected Wall Street chronology |publisher=[[PBS]] |access-date=October 28, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1626, the Dutch colonial Director-General [[Peter Minuit]], as charged by the [[Dutch West India Company]], purchased the island of Manhattan from the ''Canarsie'', a small Lenape band,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |first1=Frederick M. |last1=Binder |first2=David M. |last2=Reimers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o08K8jlMI-IC |title=All the Nations Under Heaven: An Ethnic and Racial History of New York City |page=4 |year=1996 |isbn=0-231-07879-X |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; for &quot;the value of 60 [[Dutch guilder|guilders]]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.s4ulanguages.com/laet2.html |title=Pieter Schaghen Letter |year=1626 |quote=&quot;...&amp;nbsp;hebben t'eylant Manhattes van de wilde gekocht, voor de waerde van 60 gulden: is groot 11000 morgen.&amp;nbsp;...&quot; (&quot;...&amp;nbsp;They have purchased the Island Manhattes from the Indians for the value of 60 guilders. It is 11,000 morgens in size&amp;nbsp;...) |access-date=October 28, 2021 |website=S4ulanguages.com }}&lt;/ref&gt; (about $900 in 2018).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Value of the Guilder versus Euro |url=http://www.iisg.nl/hpw/calculate.php |access-date=July 25, 2019 |publisher=[[International Institute of Social History]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; A frequently told but disproved legend claims that Manhattan was purchased for $24 worth of glass beads.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Peter Schaghen Letter |url=http://www.nnp.org/nnp/documents/schagen_main.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101023083225/http://www.nnp.org/nnp/documents/schagen_main.html |archive-date=October 23, 2010 |access-date=October 28, 2010 |publisher=Nnp.org }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Miller |first1=Christopher L. |last2=Hamell |first2=George R. |date=September 1986 |title=A New Perspective on Indian-White Contact: Cultural Symbols and Colonial Trade |journal=[[The Journal of American History]] |volume=73 |issue=2 |pages=311–328 |doi=10.2307/1908224 |jstor=1908224 |issn=0021-8723 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Following the purchase, New Amsterdam grew slowly.&lt;ref name=&quot;npsnetherland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Dutch Colonies |url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=[[National Park Service]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; To attract settlers, the Dutch instituted the [[Patroon|patroon system]] in 1628, whereby wealthy Dutchmen (''patroons'', or patrons) who brought 50 colonists to New Netherland would be awarded land, local political autonomy, and rights to participate in the lucrative fur trade. This program had little success.&lt;ref name=&quot;locnetherland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Patroon System |url=http://frontiers.loc.gov/intldl/awkbhtml/kb-1/kb-1-2-2.html |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] |archive-date=March 19, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319082007/http://frontiers.loc.gov/intldl/awkbhtml/kb-1/kb-1-2-2.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Since 1621, the Dutch West India Company had operated as a [[monopoly]] in New Netherland, on authority granted by the [[States General of the Netherlands|Dutch States General]]. In 1639–1640, in an effort to bolster economic growth, the Dutch West India Company relinquished its monopoly over the fur trade, leading to growth in the production and trade of food, timber, tobacco, and slaves (particularly with the [[Netherlands Antilles|Dutch West Indies]]).&lt;ref name=&quot;npsnetherland&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nahcnetherland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Story of New Amsterdam |url=http://www.newamsterdamhistorycenter.org/bios/origins.html |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=New Amsterdam History Center }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1647, [[Peter Stuyvesant]] began his tenure as the last [[Director-General of New Amsterdam|Director-General]] of New Netherland. During his tenure, the population of New Netherland grew from 2,000 to 8,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Jacobs |first=Jaap |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vgnh3E5Mm0cC |title=The Colony of New Netherland: A Dutch Settlement in Seventeenth-Century America |publisher=[[Cornell University Press]] |year=2009 |page=32 |isbn=978-0801475160 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Eisenstadt |first1=Peter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tmHEm5ohoCUC&amp;q=New+Amsterdam+grew+from+under+2,000+to+8,000&amp;pg=PA1051 |title=The Encyclopedia of New York State |last2=Moss |first2=Laura-Eve |last3=Huxley |first3=Carole F. |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-8156-0808-0 |page=1051 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Stuyvesant has been credited with improving law and order; however, he earned a reputation as a [[despotism|despotic]] leader. He instituted regulations on liquor sales, attempted to assert control over the [[Dutch Reformed Church]], and blocked other religious groups from establishing houses of worship.&lt;ref name=&quot;nyhsstuyvesant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Peter Stuyvesant |url=http://www.nyhistory.org/peter-stuyvesant |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624011523/http://www.nyhistory.org/peter-stuyvesant |archive-date=June 24, 2016 |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[New-York Historical Society]] |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== English rule ===
{{Main|Province of New York|History of New York City (1665–1783)}}
{{multiple image
| align     = right
| direction = vertical
| width     = 220
| image1    = The fall of New Amsterdam cph.3g12217.jpg
| caption1  = ''[[The Fall of New Amsterdam]]'', painting by [[Jean Leon Gerome Ferris]], depicting the [[Conquest of New Netherland]]
| image2    = A_view_of_Fort_George_with_the_city_of_New_York,_from_the_SW.jpg
| caption2  = [[Fort Amsterdam|Fort George]] and New York with British warships, {{Circa|1731}}
}}

In 1664, unable to summon any significant resistance, Stuyvesant surrendered New Amsterdam to English troops, led by Colonel [[Richard Nicolls]], without bloodshed.&lt;ref name=&quot;nyhsstuyvesant&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nnistuyvesant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Peter Stuyvesant |url=http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/history-and-heritage/dutch_americans/peter-stuyvesant/ |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[New Netherland Institute]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; The terms of the surrender permitted Dutch residents to remain in the colony and allowed for religious freedom.&lt;ref name=&quot;lehrmanstuyvesant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The surrender of New Netherland, 1664 |url=http://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/early-settlements/resources/surrender-new-netherland-1664 |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1667, during negotiations leading to the [[Treaty of Breda (1667)|Treaty of Breda]] after the [[Second Anglo-Dutch War]], the victorious Dutch decided to keep the nascent plantation colony of what is now [[Suriname]], which they had gained from the English,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Treaty-of-Breda |title=Treaty of Breda |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=July 10, 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and in return the English kept New Amsterdam. The settlement was promptly renamed &quot;New York&quot; after the Duke of York (the future King James II and VII).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Homberger |first=Eric |title=The Historical Atlas of New York City: A Visual Celebration of 400 Years of New York City's History |publisher=Owl Books |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-8050-7842-8 |page=34 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The duke gave part of the colony to proprietors [[George Carteret]] and [[John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton|John Berkeley]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Miller |first=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=McEJCAAAQBAJ |title=James II (The English Monarchs Series) |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-300-08728-4 |pages=44–45 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

On August 24, 1673, during the [[Third Anglo-Dutch War]], [[Anthony Colve]] of the Dutch navy [[Dutch Raid on North America|seized New York]] at the behest of [[Cornelis Evertsen the Youngest]] and rechristened it &quot;New Orange&quot; after [[William III of England|William&amp;nbsp;III]], the [[Prince of Orange]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Roper2017&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=L. H. |last=Roper |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i8wnDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA215 |title=Advancing Empire |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-107-11891-1 |page=215 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The Dutch soon returned the island to England under the [[Treaty of Westminster (1674)|Treaty of Westminster]] of November 1674.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Van Luling |first=Todd |date=April 17, 2014 |title=8 Things Even New Yorkers Don't Know About New York City |work=[[HuffPost]] |url=https://huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/17/new-york-history-facts_n_5107337.html |access-date=September 13, 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Peter |last=Douglas |title=The Man Who Took Back New Netherland |url=http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/files/2813/5680/0659/Man_Who_Took_Back_NN.pdf |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[New Netherland Institute]] |archive-date=July 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708102432/http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/files/2813/5680/0659/Man_Who_Took_Back_NN.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Several intertribal wars among the Native Americans and [[epidemic]]s brought on by contact with the Europeans caused sizeable population losses for the Lenape between 1660 and 1670.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.penntreatymuseum.org/americans.php |title=Native Americans |publisher=Penn Treaty Museum |access-date=October 29, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; By 1700, the Lenape population had diminished to 200.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.gothamcenter.org/ &quot;Gotham Center for New York City History&quot;] Timeline 1700–1800&lt;/ref&gt; New York experienced several [[yellow fever]] epidemics in the 18th century, losing ten percent of its population in 1702 alone.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Pedro |last=Nogueira |url=http://jdc.jefferson.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&amp;context=yellow_fever_symposium |title=The Early History of Yellow Fever (PDF) |publisher=[[Thomas Jefferson University]] |year=2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/fever-timeline-yellow-fever-america/ |title=Timeline – Yellow Fever in America |publisher=[[Public Broadcasting Service]] (PBS) |access-date=October 30, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In the early 18th century, New York grew in importance as a [[port|trading port]] while as a part of the [[Province of New York|colony of New York]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Foote2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Thelma Wills |last=Foote |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cu4VfJPRsl4C&amp;pg=PA68 |title=Black and White Manhattan: The History of Racial Formation in Colonial New York City |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]], US |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-19-508809-0 |page=68 }}&lt;/ref&gt; It became a center of [[Slavery in the colonial United States|slavery]], with 42% of households enslaving Africans by 1730.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Oltman |first=Adele |date=October 24, 2005 |title=The Hidden History of Slavery in New York |url=http://www.thenation.com/article/hidden-history-slavery-new-york# |journal=[[The Nation]] |access-date=July 9, 2013 |archive-date=November 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191130043006/https://www.thenation.com/article/hidden-history-slavery-new-york/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Most were [[House slave|domestic slaves]]; others were hired out as labor. Slavery became integrally tied to New York's economy through the labor of slaves throughout the port, and the banking and shipping industries trading with the [[Southern United States|American South]]. During construction in [[Foley Square]] in the 1990s, the [[African Burying Ground]] was discovered; the cemetery included 10,000 to 20,000 graves of colonial-era Africans, some enslaved and some free.&lt;ref name=&quot;AsanteMazama2005&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Molefi Kete |last1=Asante |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RcBkDlJ7qjwC&amp;pg=PA33 |title=Encyclopedia of Black Studies |first2=Ama |last2=Mazama |first3=Marie-José |last3=Cérol |publisher=[[SAGE Publishing|SAGE]] |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-7619-2762-4 |page=33 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The 1735 trial and acquittal in Manhattan of [[John Peter Zenger]], who had been accused of [[seditious libel]] after criticizing [[List of colonial governors of New York|colonial governor]] [[William Cosby]], helped to establish [[freedom of the press]] in [[North America]].&lt;ref name=&quot;zenger&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Linder |first=Doug |year=2001 |title=The Trial of John Peter Zenger: An Account |url=http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/zenger/zengeraccount.html |publisher=[[University of Missouri–Kansas City]] |access-date=October 30, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1754, [[Columbia University]] was founded.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Moore |first=Nathaniel Fish |url=https://archive.org/details/anhistoricalske00univgoog |title=An Historical Sketch of Columbia College, in the City of New York, 1754–1876 |publisher=[[Columbia University]] |year=1876 |page=[https://archive.org/details/anhistoricalske00univgoog/page/n14 8] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== American Revolution ===
{{Further|American Revolution}}
[[File:BattleofLongisland.jpg|thumb|The [[Battle of Long Island]], one of the largest battles of the [[American Revolutionary War]], which took place in [[Brooklyn]] on August 27, 1776]]
The [[Stamp Act Congress]] met in New York in October 1765, as the [[Sons of Liberty]] organization emerged in the city and skirmished over the next ten years with British troops stationed there.&lt;ref name=&quot;BoyerClark2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Paul |last1=Boyer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O7NsCgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA100 |title=The Enduring Vision: A History of the American People, Volume 1: To 1877, Concise |first2=Clifford |last2=Clark |first3=Sandra |last3=Hawley |first4=Joseph |last4=Kett |first5=Andrew |last5=Rieser |publisher=[[Cengage Learning]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-111-78553-6 |page=100 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Battle of Long Island]], the largest battle of the [[American Revolutionary War]], was fought in August 1776 within modern-day Brooklyn.&lt;ref name=&quot;Reno2008&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Linda Davis |last=Reno |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KvhogpG5154C&amp;pg=PA3 |title=The Maryland 400 in the Battle of Long Island, 1776 |publisher=[[McFarland &amp; Company|McFarland]] |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-7864-5184-5 |page=3 }}&lt;/ref&gt; A British rout of the Continental Army at the [[Battle of Fort Washington]] in November 1776 eliminated the last American stronghold in Manhattan, causing [[George Washington]] and his forces to retreat across the Hudson River to [[New Jersey]], pursued by British forces.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/fort-washington Fort Washington], [[American Battlefield Trust]]. Accessed December 31, 2023. &quot;Fought on November 16, 1776 on the island of Manhattan, the Battle of Fort Washington was the final devastating chapter in General Washington's disastrous New York Campaign.... Seeing how precarious the American position was, Howe launched a three-pronged assault on Fort Washington and its outer defensive works. The combined British-Hessian assault force of 8,000 men grossly outnumbered the fort's 3,000 defenders.... At 3:00 P.M., after a fruitless attempt to gain gentler surrender terms for his men, Magaw surrendered Fort Washington and its 2,800 surviving defenders to the British.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Schenawolf, Harry. [https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/washingtons-retreat-across-new-jersey-a-british-fox-chase/ &quot;Washington's Retreat Across New Jersey: A British Fox Chase&quot;], Revolutionary War Journal, August 5, 2019. Accessed December 31, 2023.&lt;/ref&gt;

After the battle, in which the Americans were defeated, the British made the city their military and political base of operations in North America.&lt;ref&gt;[[Rohit Aggarwala|Aggarwala, Rohit T.]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/90018770 &quot;'I want a Packet to arrive': Making New York City the headquarters of British North America 1696-1783&quot;], ''New York History'', Winter 2017. Accessed December 29, 2023. &quot;One of New York City's key distinctions in the late colonial period was its role as the headquarters of the British Army in North America, almost continuously from 1755 to 1783.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The city was a haven for [[Loyalist (American Revolution)|Loyalist]] refugees and escaped slaves who joined the British lines for freedom promised by the [[British Crown|Crown]], with as many as 10,000 escaped slaves crowded into the city during the British occupation, the largest such community on the continent.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.amrevmuseum.org/revolution-stories/finding-freedom-deborah &quot;Finding Freedom: Deborah&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231230351/https://www.amrevmuseum.org/revolution-stories/finding-freedom-deborah|date=2023-12-31}}, [[Museum of the American Revolution]], May 4, 2018. Accessed December 31, 2023. &quot;They ran to the British Army which offered freedom to enslaved people owned by rebel masters based on the 1779 Philipsburg Proclamation issued by British General Henry Clinton. Historians estimate that 10,000 enslaved people sought freedom by escaping to the British during the Revolutionary War.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Goulet, L.; and Tsaltas-Otoomanelli, Mary. [https://www.gothamcenter.org/blog/black-loyalists-evaculation-zy4la &quot;Black Loyalists In The Evacuation Of New York City, 1783&quot;], [[The Gotham Center for New York City History]], November 15, 2023. Accessed December 31, 2023. &quot;By 1783, New York City had become the largest fugitive slave community in North America.... Free and self-emancipated Black people entered New York City during the British occupation seeking protection.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; When the British forces [[Evacuation Day (New York)|evacuated]] New York at the close of the war in 1783, they transported thousands of [[freedmen]] for resettlement in [[Nova Scotia]], England, and the [[Caribbean]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Hinks2007&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Peter P. |last=Hinks |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3UXQs0uO0VMC&amp;pg=PA508 |title=Encyclopedia of Antislavery and Abolition |publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]] |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-313-33144-2 |page=508 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The attempt at a peaceful solution to the war took place at the [[Conference House]] on Staten Island between American delegates, including [[Benjamin Franklin]], and British general [[Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe|Lord Howe]] on September 11, 1776.&lt;ref&gt;Mattera, John. [https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/conference-house-park/dailyplant/19934 Conference House Park The Daily Plant : Thursday, September 7, 2006], [[New York City Department of Parks and Recreation]]. Accessed December 29, 2023.&lt;/ref&gt; Shortly after the British occupation began, the [[Great Fire of New York (1776)|Great Fire of New York]] destroyed nearly 500 buildings, about a quarter of the structures in the city, including [[Trinity Church (New York City)|Trinity Church]].&lt;ref&gt;Trinity Church bicentennial celebration, May 5, 1897, By Trinity Church (New York, N.Y.) p. 37, ISBN 978-1-356-90825-7&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/disasters/fires-1776.html New York City (NYC) The Great Fire of 1776], [[Baruch College]]. Accessed December 29, 2023. &quot;The fire started in a wooden building near White Hall Slip, called the Fighting Cocks Tavern, a fun house visited by the city's most disreputable residents. It was fanned by winds south west of the city and spread rapidly into the night, demolishing 493 buildings and houses in the process.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Post-revolutionary period and early 19th century ===
{{Main|History of New York City (1784–1854)}}
[[File:Washington's_Inauguration.jpg|thumb|A portrait of the [[first inauguration of George Washington]] in 1789]]
In January 1785, the assembly of the [[Congress of the Confederation]] made New York City the national capital.&lt;ref&gt;[https://declaration.fas.harvard.edu/blog/january-superintending-1 &quot;January Highlight: Superintending Independence, Part 1&quot;], [[Harvard University]] Declaration Resources Project, January 4, 2017. Accessed December 29, 2023. &quot;From January 11, 1785 through 1789, the Congress of the Confederation met in New York City, at City Hall (which later became Federal Hall) and at Fraunces Tavern.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; New York was the last capital of the United States under the [[Articles of Confederation]] and the first under the [[Constitution of the United States|Constitution]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Post-Revolutionary War&quot;/&gt; As the capital, New York City hosted the inauguration of the first President, [[George Washington]], and the first [[United States Congress|Congress]], at [[Federal Hall]] on [[Wall Street]]. Congress drafted the [[United States Bill of Rights|Bill of Rights]] there.&lt;ref name=&quot;Post-Revolutionary War&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine |title=The People's Vote: President George Washington's First Inaugural Speech (1789) |url=https://www.usnews.com/usnews/documents/docpages/document_page11.htm |magazine=[[U.S. News &amp; World Report]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080925045133/http://www.usnews.com/usnews/documents/docpages/document_page11.htm |archive-date=September 25, 2008 |access-date=September 1, 2008 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Supreme Court of the United States|Supreme Court]] held its first organizational sessions in New York in 1790.

In 1790, for the first time, New York City surpassed [[Philadelphia]] as the nation's largest city. At the end of 1790, the national capital was [[Residence Act|moved to Philadelphia]].&lt;ref name=&quot;residence act&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Residence Act |url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Residence.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222110855/https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Residence.html |archive-date=February 22, 2017 |access-date=April 23, 2017 |work=Web Guides: Primary Documents in American History |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |first=Robert |last=Fortenbaugh |url=https://www.senate.gov/reference/reference_item/Nine_Capitals_of_the_United_States.htm |access-date=October 30, 2021 |title=The Nine Capitals of the United States |year=1948 |pages=9 |publisher=[[United States Senate]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

During the 19th century, New York City's population grew from 60,000 to 3.43&amp;nbsp;million.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Smil |first=Vaclav |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=52yuDwAAQBAJ |title=Growth: From Microorganisms to Megacities |publisher=[[The MIT Press]] |year=2019 |isbn=978-0-262-04283-3 |page=336 |author-link=Vaclav Smil }}&lt;/ref&gt; Under New York State's [[gradual emancipation (United States)|gradual emancipation]] act of 1799, children of slave mothers were to be eventually liberated but to be held in [[indentured servitude]] until their mid-to-late twenties.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Negro Slavery in New York&quot; ([[Laws of New York|L. 1799, Ch. 62]])&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Harper |first=Douglas |year=2003 |title=Emancipation in New York |url=http://www.slavenorth.com/nyemancip.htm |work=Slave North |access-date=February 6, 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Together with slaves freed by their masters after the Revolutionary War and escaped slaves, a significant free-Black population gradually developed in Manhattan. The [[New York Manumission Society]] worked for abolition and established the [[African Free School]] to educate Black children.&lt;ref name=&quot;Divided&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nydivided.org/VirtualExhibit/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414223102/http://www.nydivided.org/VirtualExhibit/ |title=New York Divided: Slavery and the Civil War Online Exhibit |publisher=New-York Historical Society (physical exhibit) |date=September 3, 2007 |access-date=May 10, 2012 |archive-date=April 14, 2012 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; It was not until 1827 that [[History of slavery in New York (state)|slavery was completely abolished in the state]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nyhistory.org/community/slavery-end-new-york-state When Did Slavery End in New York State?], [[New-York Historical Society]]. Accessed January 16, 2024. &quot;In 1799, New York passed a Gradual Emancipation act that freed slave children born after July 4, 1799, but indentured them until they were young adults. In 1817 a new law passed that would free slaves born before 1799 but not until 1827.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Free Blacks struggled with discrimination and interracial abolitionist activism continued. New York City's population jumped from 123,706 in 1820 (10,886 of whom were Black and of which 518 were enslaved) to 312,710 by 1840 (16,358 of whom were Black).&lt;ref name=Census1790to1990/&gt;
[[File:Hippolyte_Sebron_-_Rue_De_New-York_En_1840.jpg|alt=A painting of a snowy city street with horse-drawn sleds and a 19th-century fire truck under blue sky|thumb|[[Broadway (Manhattan)|Broadway]], which follows the Native American [[Wecquaesgeek]] Trail through Manhattan, 1840&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Shorto |first=Russell |date=February 9, 2004 |title=The Streets Where History Lives |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/09/opinion/the-streets-where-history-lives.html |access-date=June 19, 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Also in the 19th century, the city was transformed by both commercial and residential development relating to its status as a national and [[International trade|international trading center]], as well as by European immigration, respectively.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Rosenwaike |first=Ira |url=https://archive.org/details/populationhistor00irar |title=Population History of New York City |date=1972 |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8156-2155-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/populationhistor00irar/page/55 55] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; The city adopted the [[Commissioners' Plan of 1811]], which expanded the city [[Grid plan#Early United States|street grid]] to encompass almost all of Manhattan. The 1825 completion of the [[Erie Canal]] through [[central New York]] connected the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] port to the agricultural markets and commodities of the North American interior via the Hudson River and the [[Great Lakes]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Bridges |first=William |title=Map of the City Of New York And Island Of Manhattan With Explanatory Remarks And References |year=1811}}; Lankevich (1998), pp. 67–68.&lt;/ref&gt; Local politics became dominated by [[Tammany Hall]], a [[political machine]] supported by [[Irish diaspora|Irish]] and [[German diaspora|German immigrants]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Mushkat |first=Jerome |url=https://archive.org/details/fernandowoodpoli0000mush |title=Fernando Wood: A Political Biography |publisher=[[Kent State University Press]] |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-87338-413-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/fernandowoodpoli0000mush/page/36 36] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1831, [[New York University]] was founded.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Communications |first=NYU Web |title=A Brief History of New York University |url=http://www.nyu.edu/content/nyu/en/faculty/governance-policies-and-procedures/faculty-handbook/the-university/history-and-traditions-of-new-york-university/a-brief-history-of-new-york-university |access-date=March 8, 2024 |website=nyu.edu |language=en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Several prominent American literary figures lived in New York during the 1830s and 1840s, including [[William Cullen Bryant]], [[Washington Irving]], [[Herman Melville]], [[Rufus Wilmot Griswold]], [[John Keese]], [[Nathaniel Parker Willis]], and [[Edgar Allan Poe]]. Members of the business elite lobbied for the establishment of [[Central Park]], which in 1857 became the first [[Landscape design|landscaped park]] in an American city.&lt;ref&gt;Waxman, Sarah. [https://www.ny.com/articles/centralpark.html &quot;History of Central Park, New York&quot;], NY.com. Accessed January 16, 2024. &quot;New York's Central Park is the first urban landscaped park in the United States.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[Great Famine (Ireland)|Great Irish Famine]] brought a large influx of Irish immigrants, of whom more than 200,000 were living in New York by 1860, representing over a quarter of the city's population.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Cholera in Nineteenth Century New York |url=http://www.virtualny.cuny.edu/cholera/1866/cholera_1866_set.html |website=Virtual New York |publisher=[[City University of New York]] |access-date=October 31, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Extensive immigration from the German provinces meant that Germans comprised another 25% of New York's population by 1860.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harris&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Leslie M. |last=Harris |author-link=Leslie M. Harris |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TZx6A_M0yjQC |title=In the Shadow of Slavery: African Americans in New York City, 1626–1863 |date=2003 |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |isbn=9780226317755 |at=Excerpted from pages 279–288 |section=The New York City Draft Riots |section-url=http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/317749.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author1=M.G. Leonard |title=H. Doc. 29-54 - Paupers and criminals. Memorial of the Corporation of the City of New York, relative to the exportation from abroad of paupers and criminals. January 25, 1847. Read, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/SERIALSET-00499_00_00-043-0054-0000 |website=GovInfo.gov |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |access-date=June 22, 2023 |pages=8–9 |date=January 20, 1847 |quote='Leaving their homes,' [immigrants] say, 'with the brightest prospects,' alluring representations presented to them of the blessed state of American life, a few scanty coins in their pockets, though feeling in the enjoyment of rugged health, and surrounded by their young and innocent offspring, little did they imagine the trials to which they would be exposed; but at length they discover to their sorrow, and very natural discontent, that the foul steerage of some ocean-tossed ship is to form the filthy receptacle of persons, crowded too with hordes of human beings, with scarcely space enough to contain the half of them—certainly not more than the ''quarter'' of them ''comfortably''; and thus huddled together ''en masse'', they become the &quot;''emigrant passengers''&quot; destined to this country. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== American Civil War ===
{{Main|New York City in the American Civil War|History of New York City (1855–1897)}}
[[File:The Departure of the 7th Regiment.jpg|thumb|Departure of the [[7th New York Militia Regiment]] for the defense of Washington, D.C., April 19, 1861]]
[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] candidates were consistently elected to local office, increasing the city's ties to the South and its dominant party. In 1861, Mayor [[Fernando Wood]] called on the [[Alderman|aldermen]] to declare independence from Albany and the United States after the South seceded, but his proposal was not acted on.&lt;ref name=&quot;Divided&quot; /&gt; Anger at new [[military conscription]] laws during the [[American Civil War]] (1861–1865), which spared wealthier men who could afford to hire a substitute, led to the [[New York City draft riots|Draft Riots of 1863]], whose most visible participants were ethnic Irish working class.&lt;ref name=&quot;Divided&quot; /&gt;

The draft riots deteriorated into attacks on New York's elite, followed by attacks on Black New Yorkers after fierce competition for a decade between Irish immigrants and Black people for work. Rioters burned the Colored Orphan Asylum to the ground.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harris&quot; /&gt; At least 120 people were killed.&lt;ref name=&quot;McPherson&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=McPherson |first1=James M. |last2=Hogue |first2=James Keith |url=https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0077430352 |title=Ordeal by Fire: The Civil War and Reconstruction |publisher=[[McGraw-Hill Education]] |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-07-743035-1 |page=399 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleven Black men were lynched over five days, and the riots forced hundreds of Blacks to flee. The Black population in Manhattan fell below 10,000 by 1865. The White working class had established dominance.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harris&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;McPherson&quot; /&gt; It was one of the worst incidents of [[List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States|civil unrest in American history]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Cook |first=Adrian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QNkeBgAAQBAJ |title=The Armies of the Streets: The New York City Draft Riots of 1863 |year=1974 |pages=193–195 |publisher=[[University Press of Kentucky]] |isbn=9780813162553 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Late 19th and early 20th century ===
{{Main|History of New York City (1898–1945)|History of New York City (1946–1977)}}
[[File:Mulberry Street NYC c1900 LOC 3g04637u edit.jpg|thumb|Manhattan's [[Little Italy, Manhattan|Little Italy]] in the [[Lower East Side]], {{Circa|1900}}]]

In 1886, the [[Statue of Liberty]], a gift from [[France]], was dedicated in New York Harbor. The statue welcomed 14 million immigrants as they arrived via [[Ellis Island]] by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and is a symbol of the United States and American ideals of liberty and peace.&lt;ref name=&quot;Statue of Liberty UNESCO&quot;&gt;[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 Statue of Liberty], [[UNESCO]]. Accessed December 28, 2023. &quot;Inaugurated in 1886, the sculpture stands at the entrance to New York Harbour and has welcomed millions of immigrants to the United States ever since.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nps.gov/stli/learn/historyculture/the-immigrants-statue.htm The Immigrant's Statue], [[Statue of Liberty National Monument]]. Accessed December 28, 2023. &quot;Between 1886 and 1924, almost 14 million immigrants entered the United States through New York. The Statue of Liberty was a reassuring sign that they had arrived in the land of their dreams.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1898, the City of New York was formed with the [[City of Greater New York|consolidation]] of Brooklyn (until then a separate city), the County of New York (which then included parts of the Bronx), the County of Richmond, and the western portion of the County of Queens.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The 100 Year Anniversary of the Consolidation of the 5 Boroughs into New York City |url=http://nyc.gov/html/nyc100/html/classroom/hist_info/100aniv.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011221627/http://nyc.gov/html/nyc100/html/classroom/hist_info/100aniv.html |archive-date=October 11, 2007 |access-date=October 28, 2010 |website=NYC100 Centennial Celebration }}&lt;/ref&gt; The opening of the [[New York City Subway]] in 1904, first built as separate private systems, helped bind the new city together.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cudahy2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Brian J. |last=Cudahy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UfodzizzrfQC&amp;pg=PA2 |title=The New York Subway: Its Construction and Equipment : Interborough Rapid Transit, 1904 |publisher=[[Fordham University Press]] |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-8232-2401-2 |page=2 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Throughout the first half of the 20th century, the city became a world center for industry, commerce, and communication.&lt;ref name=&quot;Blake2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Angela M. |last=Blake |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v36fyM6qswYC&amp;pg=PT63 |title=How New York Became American, 1890–1924 |publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-8018-8874-8 |pages=63–66 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1904, the [[steamship]] ''[[PS General Slocum|General Slocum]]'' caught fire in the [[East River]], killing 1,021 people.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sheard1998&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Bradley |last=Sheard |url=https://archive.org/details/lostvoyagestwoce0000shea |title=Lost Voyages: Two Centuries of Shipwrecks in the Approaches to New York |publisher=Aqua Quest Publications, Inc. |year=1998 |isbn=978-1-881652-17-5 |page=[https://archive.org/details/lostvoyagestwoce0000shea/page/67 67] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1911, the [[Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire]], the city's worst industrial disaster, killed 146 garment workers and spurred the growth of the [[International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union]] and major improvements in factory safety standards.&lt;ref name=&quot;cornell1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The 1911 Triangle Factory Fire |url=https://trianglefire.ilr.cornell.edu/ |access-date=February 9, 2017 |publisher=Kheel Center, [[Cornell University]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Old_timer_structural_worker2.jpg|alt=A man working on a steel girder high about a city skyline.|thumb|A [[construction worker]] atop the [[Empire State Building]] during its construction in 1930. The [[Chrysler Building]] is visible to the right.]]

New York's non-White population was 36,620 in 1890.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Rosenwaike |first=Ira |url=https://archive.org/details/populationhistor00irar |title=Population History of New York City |date=1972 |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8156-2155-3 |at=Table 30 |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; New York City was a prime destination in the early 20th century for Blacks during the [[Great Migration (African American)|Great Migration]] from the American South, and by 1916, New York City had the largest urban [[African diaspora]] in North America.&lt;ref name=&quot;GatesHigginbotham2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Henry Louis Jr. |last1=Gates |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E_vRLcgEdGoC&amp;pg=PR7 |title=Harlem Renaissance Lives from the African American National Biography |first2=Evelyn Brooks |last2=Higginbotham |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-19-538795-7 |page=7 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Harlem Renaissance]] of literary and [[Culture of New York City|cultural life]] flourished during the era of [[Prohibition in the United States|Prohibition]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Roche2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Linda De |last=Roche |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cOGOCgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PR18 |title=The Jazz Age: A Historical Exploration of Literature: A Historical Exploration of Literature |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-61069-668-5 |pages=18–19 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The larger economic boom generated construction of skyscrapers competing in height.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Willis |first1=Carol |title=Form Follows Finance: Skyscrapers and Skylines in New York and Chicago |date=1995 |publisher=Princeton Architectural Press |location=New York |isbn=9781568980447 |pages=41, 85, 165 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

New York City became the most populous [[urban area#United States|urbanized area]] in the world in the early 1920s, overtaking [[London]]. The metropolitan area surpassed 10&amp;nbsp;million in the early 1930s, becoming the first [[megacity]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=New York Urbanized Area: Population &amp; Density from 1800 (Provisional) |url=http://www.demographia.com/db-nyuza1800.htm |access-date=July 8, 2009 |publisher=[[Demographia]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Great Depression]] saw the election of reformer [[Fiorello La Guardia]] as mayor and the fall of Tammany Hall after eighty years of political dominance.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Allen |first=Oliver E. |title=The Tiger—The Rise and Fall of Tammany Hall |publisher=[[Addison-Wesley Publishing Company]] |year=1993 |isbn=978-0-201-62463-2 |chapter=Chapter 9: The Decline |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/tigerrisefalloft00alle }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Returning [[World War II]] veterans created a post-war [[Business cycle|economic boom]] and the development of large [[housing tract]]s in eastern Queens and [[Nassau County, New York|Nassau County]], with Wall Street leading America's place as the world's dominant economic power. The [[United Nations headquarters]] was completed in 1952, solidifying New York's global [[geopolitical]] influence, and the rise of [[abstract expressionism]] in the city precipitated New York's displacement of Paris as the center of the art world.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Burns |first=Ric |date=August 22, 2003 |title=The Center of the World—New York: A Documentary Film (Transcript) |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/newyork/filmmore/pt.html |access-date=September 1, 2008 |publisher=PBS |archive-date=June 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623065806/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/newyork/filmmore/pt.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Late 20th and early 21st centuries ===
{{Main|History of New York City (1978–present)|September 11 attacks}}
[[File:Stonewall_Inn_5_pride_weekend_2016.jpg|alt=A two-story building with brick on the first floor, with two arched doorways, and gray stucco on the second floor off of which hang numerous rainbow flags.|thumb|[[Stonewall Inn]] in [[Greenwich Village]], the site of the June 1969 [[Stonewall riots]] and the cradle of the modern [[gay rights|LGBTQ+ rights]] movement&lt;ref name=&quot;GayGreenwichVillage1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first=Julia |last=Goicichea |date=August 16, 2017 |title=Why New York City Is a Major Destination for LGBT Travelers |url=https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/usa/new-york/articles/why-new-york-city-is-a-major-destination-for-lgbt-travelers/ |access-date=February 2, 2019 |publisher=The Culture Trip }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Workforce Diversity The Stonewall Inn, National Historic Landmark National Register Number: 99000562 |url=http://www.nps.gov/diversity/stonewall.htm |access-date=May 1, 2011 |publisher=[[National Park Service]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |first=Eli |last=Rosenberg |date=June 24, 2016 |title=Stonewall Inn Named National Monument, a First for the Gay Rights Movement |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/25/nyregion/stonewall-inn-named-national-monument-a-first-for-gay-rights-movement.html |access-date=June 25, 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

In 1969, the [[Stonewall riots]] were a series of violent protests by members of the [[LGBT community|gay community]] against a [[police raid]] that took place in the early morning of June 28, 1969, at the [[Stonewall Inn]] in [[Greenwich Village]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Murphy2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Timothy |last=Murphy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FeWMAQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA572 |title=Reader's Guide to Lesbian and Gay Studies |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-135-94234-2 |page=572 }}&lt;/ref&gt; They are widely considered to be the single most important event leading to the [[gay liberation]] movement&lt;ref name=&quot;GayGreenwichVillage1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KentuckyStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Brief History of the Gay and Lesbian Rights Movement in the U.S. |url=http://www.uky.edu/~lbarr2/gws250spring11_files/Page1186.htm |access-date=September 2, 2017 |publisher=[[University of Kentucky]] |archive-date=November 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191118054142/http://www.uky.edu/~lbarr2/gws250spring11_files/Page1186.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PinkNewsStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first=Nell |last=Frizzell |date=June 28, 2013 |title=Feature: How the Stonewall riots started the LGBT rights movement |url=http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2013/06/28/feature-how-the-stonewall-riots-started-the-gay-rights-movement/ |access-date=August 31, 2017 |publisher=[[PinkNews]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EncycloStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Stonewall-riots |title=Stonewall riots |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=August 31, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; and the modern fight for [[LGBT rights by country or territory|LGBT rights]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NPSStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=June 2016 |title=Civil Rights at Stonewall National Monument |url=https://www.nps.gov/places/stonewall.htm |access-date=August 31, 2017 |publisher=[[National Park Service]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ObamaStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Obama inaugural speech references Stonewall gay-rights riots |url=http://www.northjersey.com/news/2012_Presidential_Election/Obama_inaugural_speech_references_Stonewall_riots.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530065722/http://www.northjersey.com/news/2012_Presidential_Election/Obama_inaugural_speech_references_Stonewall_riots.html |date=January 21, 2013 |archive-date=May 30, 2013 |access-date=July 2, 2013 |publisher=[[North Jersey Media Group]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wayne R. Dynes]], author of the ''[[Encyclopedia of Homosexuality]]'', wrote that [[drag queen]]s were the only &quot;[[transgender]] folks around&quot; during the Stonewall riots. The transgender community in New York City played a significant role in fighting for LGBT equality.&lt;ref name=&quot;TransEqualityNYC&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first=Cristan |last=Williams |date=January 25, 2013 |title=So, what was Stonewall? |url=http://transadvocate.com/so-what-was-stonewall_n_8424.htm |access-date=March 28, 2017 |publisher=The TransAdvocate }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Ford to City.PNG|thumb|right|October 1975 ''[[New York Daily News]]'' front page on President Ford's refusal to help the city avert bankruptcy|upright]]
In the 1970s, job losses due to [[Deindustrialization|industrial restructuring]] caused New York City to suffer from economic problems and rising crime rates.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Tannenbaum |first=Allan |title=New York in the 70s: A Remembrance |url=http://digitaljournalist.org/issue0402/at_intro.html |date=February 2004 |access-date=December 18, 2011 |publisher=[[The Digital Journalist]] |archive-date=March 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320194616/http://digitaljournalist.org/issue0402/at_intro.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Growing fiscal deficits in 1975 led the city to appeal to the federal government for financial aid; President [[Gerald Ford]] gave a speech denying the request, which was paraphrased on the front page of the ''[[New York Daily News]]'' as &quot;FORD TO CITY: DROP DEAD.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[[Sam Roberts (journalist)|Roberts, Sam]]. [https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/28/nyregion/28veto.html &quot;Infamous 'Drop Dead' Was Never Said by Ford&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', December 28, 2006. Accessed February 20, 2024. &quot;Mr. Ford, on Oct. 29, 1975, gave a speech denying federal assistance to spare New York from bankruptcy. The front page of The Daily News the next day read: &quot;FORD TO CITY: DROP DEAD.&quot;... Moreover, the speech spurred New York's civic, business and labor leaders to rally bankers in the United States and abroad, who feared their own investments would be harmed if New York defaulted on its debt.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Municipal Assistance Corporation]] was formed and granted oversight authority over the city's finances.&lt;ref&gt;Chan, Sewell. [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/14/nyregion/felix-rohatyn-dead.html &quot;Felix G. Rohatyn, Financier Who Piloted New York's Rescue, Dies at 91&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', December 14, 2019. Accessed February 20, 2024. &quot;For nearly two decades, from 1975 to 1993, as chairman of the state-appointed Municipal Assistance Corporation, Mr. Rohatyn had a say, often the final one, over taxes and spending in the nation's largest city, a degree of influence for an unelected official that rankled some critics. His efforts to meld private profit with the public good defined him: In the perception of many his name was synonymous with two institutions — the M.A.C., which was hastily created in 1975 to save the city from insolvency, and Lazard (formerly Lazard Frères), the storied investment firm that started as a dry-goods business in New Orleans in 1848.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; While a resurgence in the financial industry greatly improved the city's economic health in the 1980s, New York's crime rate continued to increase through that decade and into the beginning of the 1990s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Effgen |first=Christopher |date=September 11, 2001 |title=New York Crime Rates 1960–2009 |url=http://www.disastercenter.com/crime/nycrime.htm |access-date=October 28, 2010 |publisher=Disastercenter.com }}&lt;/ref&gt;

By the mid-1990s, crime rates started to drop dramatically due to revised police strategies, improving economic opportunities, [[gentrification]], and new residents, both American transplants and new immigrants from Asia and Latin America.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}} New York City's population exceeded 8 million for the first time in the [[2000 United States census|2000 census]];&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nyc.gov/site/planning/planning-level/nyc-population/census-summary-2000.page Population - Decennial Census - Census 2000], [[New York City Department of City Planning]]. Accessed January 27, 2024. &quot;According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the population of New York City as of April 1, 2000, was 8,008,278, the largest enumerated census population in the city's history. The previous peak was in 1970, when the enumerated population stood at 7,894,862.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; further records were set in the [[2010 United States census|2010]] and [[2020 United States census|2020]] censuses.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nyc.gov/site/planning/planning-level/nyc-population/nyc-population.page Population], [[New York City Department of City Planning]]. Accessed January 27, 2024. &quot;The enumerated population of New York City's was 8,804,190 as of April 1, 2020, a record high population. This is an increase of 629,057 people since the 2010 Census.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Important new economic sectors, such as [[Silicon Alley]], emerged.&lt;ref name=&quot;Waller2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Irvin |last=Waller |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qQPGAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA38 |title=Smarter Crime Control |publisher=[[Rowman &amp; Littlefield]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-4422-2170-3 |page=38 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Explosion following the plane impact into the South Tower (WTC 2) - B6019~11.jpg|thumb|The [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)|World Trade Center]], in [[Lower Manhattan]], during the [[September 11 attacks]] in 2001]]

The year [[2000]] was celebrated with fanfare in [[Times Square]].&lt;ref name=NYC-Y2K&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/02/nyregion/year-2000-overview-2000-draws-rave-reviews-after-opening-night-night-jitters.html |title=THE YEAR 2000: THE OVERVIEW; 2000 Draws Rave Reviews After Opening Night Night Jitters |newspaper=The New York Times |date=January 6, 2000 |access-date=October 28, 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt; New York City suffered the bulk of the [[Economic effects of the September 11 attacks#New York City|economic damage]] and largest loss of human life in the aftermath of the [[September 11 attacks|September 11, 2001, attacks]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Dieterle2017&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=David A. |last=Dieterle |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LmphDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA396 |title=Economics: The Definitive Encyclopedia from Theory to Practice [4 volumes] |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |year=2017 |isbn=978-0-313-39708-0 |page=396 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Two of the four hijacked airliners were flown into the twin towers of the World Trade Center, resulting in the collapse of both buildings and the deaths of 2,753 people, including 343 first responders from the [[New York City Fire Department]] and 71 law enforcement officers.&lt;ref&gt;Nelson, Joshua Q. [https://www.foxnews.com/media/former-fdny-commissioner-firefighters-9-11 &quot;Former FDNY commissioner on losing 343 firefighters on 9/11: 'We had the best fire chiefs in the world'&quot;], ''[[Fox News]]'', September 11, 2021. Accessed January 30, 2024. &quot;Of the 2,753 people killed at the World Trade Center, 343 were first responders from the Fire Department of New York, while another 71 were law enforcement officers from 10 different agencies.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

[[World Trade Center site#Planning for the new World Trade Center|The area was rebuilt]] with a [[World Trade Center (2001–present)|new World Trade Center]], the [[National September 11 Memorial and Museum]], and other new buildings and infrastructure,&lt;ref name=&quot;Greenspan2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Elizabeth |last=Greenspan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DMHzmpTK5rYC&amp;pg=PA152 |title=Battle for Ground Zero: Inside the Political Struggle to Rebuild the World Trade Center |publisher=[[St. Martin's Press]]/[[Harvard University]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-137-36547-7 |page=152 }}&lt;/ref&gt; including the [[World Trade Center Transportation Hub]], the city's third-largest hub.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.panynj.gov/wtcprogress/transportation-hub.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103164156/https://old.panynj.gov/wtcprogress/transportation-hub.html |title=World Trade Center Transportation Hub |publisher=[[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey]] |access-date=February 9, 2017 |archive-date=January 3, 2020 |quote=The state-of-the-art World Trade Center Transportation Hub, completed in 2016, serves 250,000 Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) daily commuters and millions of annual visitors from around the world. At approximately 800,000 square feet, the Hub, designed by internationally acclaimed architect Santiago Calatrava, is the third-largest transportation center in New York City. |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The new One World Trade Center is the tallest skyscraper in the Western Hemisphere&lt;ref name=&quot;OneWTCtallest&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hetter |first1=Katia |last2=Boyette |first2=Chris |date=November 12, 2013 |title=It's official: One World Trade Center to be tallest U.S. skyscraper |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/11/12/travel/one-world-trade-center-tallest-us-building/index.html?hpt=hp_t2 |access-date=March 1, 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and the [[List of tallest buildings in the world|world's seventh-tallest building]] by [[pinnacle]] height, with its [[spire]] reaching a symbolic {{convert|1776|ft|m|1}}, a reference to the year of [[United States Declaration of Independence|American independence]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=New York City Skyscraper Diagram |url=http://skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?cityID=8 |access-date=January 22, 2013 |website=[[SkyscraperPage.com]] |publisher=Skyscraper Source Media }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=One World Trade Center |url=http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=7788 |access-date=February 9, 2017 |website=[[SkyscraperPage.com]] |publisher=Skyscraper Source Media |quote=The roof height is the same as original One World Trade Center. The building is topped out by a 124-meter (408-foot) spire. So the tower rises 1,776 feet (541-meter) which marks the year of the American declaration of Independence. }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Lesser |first=Benjamin |date=April 30, 2012 |title=It's official: 1 World Trade Center is now New York's tallest skyscraper |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/real-estate/official-1-wtc-new-york-new-tallest-building-article-1.1069925 |access-date=January 22, 2013 |work=[[New York Daily News|Daily News]] |location=New York }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[Occupy Wall Street]] protests in [[Zuccotti Park]] in the [[Financial District, Manhattan|Financial District]] of Lower Manhattan began on September 17, 2011, receiving global attention and popularizing the [[Occupy movement]] against [[Social inequality|social]] and [[economic inequality]] worldwide.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Joe |last=Nocera |author-link=Joe Nocera |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/15/opinion/nocera-two-days-in-september.html |title=Two Days in September |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 14, 2012 |access-date=May 6, 2017 |quote=On the left, that anger led, a year ago, to the rise of the Occupy Wall Street movement. Thus, Anniversary No. 2: Sept. 17, 2011, was the date Occupy Wall Street took over Zuccotti Park in Lower Manhattan, which soon led to similar actions in cities across the country. The movement's primary issue was income inequality—&quot;We are the 99 percent&quot;, they used to chant. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

New York City was [[Effects of Hurricane Sandy in New York|heavily impacted]] by [[Hurricane Sandy]] in October 2012, including flooding that led to the days-long shutdown of the subway system,&lt;ref&gt;Flegenheimer, Matt. [https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/31/nyregion/subways-may-be-shut-for-several-days-after-hurricane-sandy.html &quot;Flooded Tunnels May Keep City's Subway Network Closed for Several Days&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', October 30, 2012. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;As the remnants of Hurricane Sandy left the city on Tuesday, transit officials surveyed the damage to the system, which they shut down on Sunday night as a precaution. What they found was an unprecedented assault: flooded tunnels, battered stations and switches and signals likely damaged.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; and flooding of all [[East River]] subway tunnels and of all road tunnels entering Manhattan except the [[Lincoln Tunnel]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-112shrg81827/html/CHRG-112shrg81827.htm ''Superstorm Sandy: The Devastating Impact On The Nation's Largest Transportation Systems''], [[United States Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Surface Transportation, Maritime, Freight, and Ports]], December 6, 2012. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;The most damaging impact of the storm, from a transportation standpoint, was on the highway, transit, and rail tunnels in and out of Manhattan. All seven of the subway tunnels under the East River flooded, as did the Hudson River subway tunnel, the East River and Hudson River commuter rail tunnels, and the subway tunnels in lower Manhattan. Three of the four highway tunnels into Manhattan flooded, leaving only the Lincoln Tunnel open. While some subway service was restored three days after the storm, the PATH train service to the World Trade Center was only restored on November 26, four weeks after the storm, and subway service between the Rockaway peninsula and Howard Beach is not expected to be re-opened for months.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The New York Stock Exchange closed for two days due to weather for the first time since the [[Great Blizzard of 1888]].&lt;ref&gt;Strasburg, Jenny; Cheng, Jonathan; and Bunge, Jacob. [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970204789304578087131092892180 &quot;Behind Decision to Close Markets&quot;], ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'', October 29, 2012. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;Superstorm Sandy forced regulators and exchange operators to keep U.S. stock markets closed Tuesday, in the first weather-related shutdown to last more than one day since the Blizzard of 1888. The decision to close the New York Stock Exchange and other U.S. equity markets for a second straight day—reached by midafternoon Monday—renewed questions about the industry's disaster preparedness.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; At least 43 people died in New York City as a result of Sandy, and the economic losses in New York City were estimated to be roughly $19 billion.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-10-13/nyc-still-vulnerable-to-hurricanes-10-years-after-sandy &quot;NYC Still Vulnerable to Hurricanes 10 Years After Sandy&quot;], ''[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]'', October 13, 2022. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;Hurricane Sandy swept through New York City in October 2012, leading to 43 deaths and an estimated $19 billion in damages.... New York needs to step up its efforts and spend the $15 billion in federal grants that it received for recovery efforts, a new report by New York City Comptroller Brad Lander released on Thursday said.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The disaster spawned long-term efforts towards infrastructural projects to counter [[climate change]] and rising seas, with $15&amp;nbsp;billion in federal funding received through 2022 towards those resiliency efforts.&lt;ref name=ClimateResiliency2/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://comptroller.nyc.gov/reports/ten-years-after-sandy/ ''Ten Years After Sandy; Barriers to Resilience''], [[New York City Comptroller]] [[Brad Lander]], October 13, 2022. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;Of the $15 billion of federal grants appropriated for Sandy recovery and resilience, the City has spent $11 billion, or 73%, as of June 2022.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

In March 2020, the first case of [[Coronavirus disease 2019|COVID-19]] in the city was confirmed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=West |first=Melanie Grayce |date=March 1, 2020 |title=First Case of Coronavirus Confirmed in New York State |language=en-US |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/first-case-of-coronavirus-confirmed-in-new-york-state-11583111692 |access-date=July 10, 2020 |issn=0099-9660 }}&lt;/ref&gt; With its population density and extensive exposure to global travelers, the city rapidly replaced [[Wuhan]], China as the global epicenter of [[COVID-19 pandemic|the pandemic]] during the early phase, straining the city's healthcare infrastructure.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=August 2022 |title=When New York City was the COVID-19 pandemic epicenter: The impact on trauma care |journal=[[The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery]] |pmc=9322893 |quote=During early spring 2020, New York City (NYC) rapidly became the first US epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic. |last1=Liveris |first1=A. |last2=Stone Jr |first2=M. E. |last3=Markel |first3=H. |last4=Agriantonis |first4=G. |last5=Bukur |first5=M. |last6=Melton |first6=S. |last7=Roudnitsky |first7=V. |last8=Chao |first8=E. |last9=Reddy |first9=S. H. |last10=Teperman |first10=S. H. |last11=Meltzer |first11=J. A. |volume=93 |issue=2 |pages=247–255 |doi=10.1097/TA.0000000000003460 |pmid=35881035 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Robinson, David. [https://www.lohud.com/story/news/coronavirus/2020/03/27/how-new-york-city-became-coronavirus-pandemic-epicenter-what-know/2924735001/ &quot;COVID-19: How New York City became epicenter of coronavirus pandemic, what that means&quot;], ''[[The Journal News]]'', March 27, 2020. Accessed January 13, 2024. &quot;New York City's rise this month to become the new coronavirus pandemic's epicenter has far-reaching implications for communities statewide. Most pressing, the rapidly spreading virus that originated in Wuhan, China, threatens to overwhelm New York state's entire medical system, prompting a dire push for thousands of new hospital beds to treat infected New Yorkers. Further, the outbreak, which topped 44,600 confirmed cases statewide as of Friday, including 23,000 in New York City alone, is also devastating the entire state's economy and draining government coffers at all levels.... Why New York City's density, tourism made it vulnerable to coronavirus&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Through March 2023, New York City recorded [[COVID-19 pandemic in New York City|more than 80,000 deaths]] from COVID-19-related complications.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/us/new-york-covid-cases.html &quot;Tracking Coronavirus in New York: Latest Map and Case Count&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', March 23, 2023. Accessed January 13, 2024 &quot;Since the beginning of the pandemic, a total of 6,805,271 cases have been reported. At least 1 in 243 residents have died from the coronavirus, a total of 80,109 deaths.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

==جاگرافي==
[[فائل:Core of New York City by Sentinel-2.jpg|alt=|thumb|نيويارڪ شھر جو وچ جتي مينھٽن ٻيٽ واقع آهي]]
ھي شھر امريڪا جي اتر-اوڀر ۾ رياست، [[نيو يارڪ]] ۾، ھڊسن ندي جي [[ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] تي نيويارڪ بي ۾ ڇوڙ تي واقع آهي ۽ [[بوسٽن]] ۽ [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]] جي وچ ۾ واقع آهي. بوسٽن کان ھن شھر جو فاصلو &lt;small&gt;'''217'''&lt;/small&gt; ڪلوميٽر ۽ واشنگٽن ڊي سي کان &lt;small&gt;'''228'''&lt;/small&gt; ڪلوميٽر آهي.&lt;ref&gt;Washington, D.C. is {{convert|228|mi|km}} driving distance from New York, and Boston is {{convert|217|mi|km}} driving distance from New York.&amp;nbsp;– [https://maps.google.com/ Google Maps]&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://life.bio.sunysb.edu/marinebio/fc.1.estuaries.html |title=Information About the Hudson River Estuary |publisher=Life.bio.sunysb.edu |accessdate=August 20, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=nytimes&gt;{{cite news |first=Joseph |last=Berger |title=Reclaimed Jewel Whose Attraction Can Be Perilous |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/20/nyregion/20river.html|work=The New York Times |date=July 19, 2010 |accessdate=July 21, 2010}}
&lt;/ref&gt; آبادي ۾ اضافي ڪري ھن شھر جي ڪافي زمين سمنڊ مان ورتل آهي. ھيٺين مينھٽن جو علائقو، &quot;بيٽري پارڪ سٽي&quot; سمنڊ جي پاڻيءَ مان ورتل زمين تي جوڙيو ويو آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;gillespie-p71&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Gillespie |first=Angus K. |year=1999 |title=Twin Towers: The Life of New York City's World Trade Center |publisher=Rutgers University Press |page=71 |isbn=978-0-7838-9785-1}}&lt;/ref&gt; ڪل پکيڙ &lt;small&gt;'''{{convert|468.484|sqmi}}'''&lt;/small&gt; آهي، جنھن ۾ &lt;small&gt;'''{{convert|302.643|sqmi|abbr=on}}'''&lt;/small&gt; خشڪي ۽ &lt;small&gt;'''{{convert|165.841|sqmi|abbr=on}}'''&lt;/small&gt; پاڻي شامل آهن.&lt;ref name=&quot;CensusGazetteer&quot;&gt;[http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2010_place_list_36.txt New York State Gazetteer from 2010 United States Census], [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed February 9, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT Land Estimate&quot;&gt;{{cite news |work=The New York Times |title=It's Still a Big City, Just Not Quite So Big |first=Sam |last=Roberts |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/22/nyregion/22shrink.html |accessdate=May 22, 2008 |date=May 22, 2008}}
&lt;/ref&gt; شھر جو بلند ترين ھنڌ، &quot;مائونٽ ٽاڊٽ&quot; آهي جيڪو اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ ۾ واقع آهي جنھن جي اوچائي {{convert|409.8|ft}} آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Lundrigan |first=Margaret |title=Staten Island: Isle of the Bay, NY |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-7385-2443-6 |page=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن جبل جي چوٽيءَ تي ٻيلي جا وڻ آھن جيڪي اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ جي گرين بيلٽ جو حصو آھن.

== آباديات ==

== معيشت ==

== ثقافت ==

== انساني وسيلا ==

== ٽرانسپورٽ ==

== حڪومت ۽ سياست ==

== قابل ذڪر ماڻهو ==

== پڻ ڏسو ==

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
* {{Official website}}
* [http://www.nycgo.com/ NYC Go] – official tourism website
* [http://collections.mcny.org/ Collections] – 145,000 NYC photographs at the [[Museum of the City of New York]]
* {{cite web |title=The New New York Skyline (interactive) |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/new-york-city-skyline-tallest-midtown-manhattan/ |date=November 2015 |work=[[National Geographic]]}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Trenton, New Jersey]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Capital of the United States&lt;br /&gt;of America|years=1785–1791}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Philadelphia]], Pennsylvania}}
{{s-end}}

{{Subject bar |book=New York City | commons=yes |n=yes |wikt=yes |b=yes |q=yes |s=yes |v=yes |voy=yes |d=yes }}{{Portal bar|United States|New York|New York City|Geography|Cities}}{{authority control}}

[[Category:New York City| ]]
[[زمرو:نيويارڪ شهر]]
[[زمرو:بندرگاهه وارا شھر]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا بندرگاهه شھر]]
[[Category:1624 establishments in North America]]
[[Category:1624 establishments in the Dutch Empire]]
[[Category:1898 establishments in New York (state)]]
[[Category:1898 establishments in New York City]]
[[Category:Cities in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Cities in the New York metropolitan area]]
[[Category:Establishments in New Netherland]]
[[Category:Former capitals of the United States]]
[[Category:Former state capitals in the United States]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Populated places established by the Dutch West India Company]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1624]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1898]]
[[Category:New York (state) populated places on the Hudson River]]
[[Category:Port cities and towns of the United States Atlantic coast]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}</text>
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      <text bytes="102807" sha1="jgd40k08dv8kdrw21uvg5ae2r5bjx58" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement &lt;!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --&gt;
| name                            = نيو يارڪ 
&lt;!--DO NOT change without discussion--&gt;
| official_name                   = &lt;!-- DO NOT add to this parameter without consensus --&gt;
| settlement_type   = شھر
| named_for                       = [[جيمز II(انگلينڊ)|جيمز، ڊيوڪ آف يارڪ]]
&lt;!-- images, nickname, motto ---&gt;| image_skyline                   = NYC Montage 2014 4 - Jleon.jpg
| imagesize                       = 305px
| image_caption  = گھڙيالي چڪر وانگر مٿان کان هيٺ:  وچ شھر وارو مينھٽن، ٽائمز اسڪوائر، يوني اسفيئر، بروڪلين پل، ھيٺيون مين ھيٽن [[ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر]] سميت، سينٽرل پارڪ، گڏيل قومن جو هيڊ ڪوارٽر ۽ آزادي جو مجسمو 
| image_flag = Flag of New York City.svg
| image_seal    = Seal of New York City (BW).svg
| image_blank_emblem    = NYC Logo Wolff Olins.svg
| blank_emblem_type   = [[ورڊ مارڪ]]
| nickname   = 
&lt;!-- maps and coordinates ------&gt;| image_map    = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=325|frame-height=325|zoom=9|frame-lat=40.782|frame-long=-73.965|type=shape-inverse|id=Q60|title=New York City}}
| mapsize       = 
| map_caption  = نيويارڪ شھر جو نقشو
| pushpin_map     = USA New York#USA#North America
| pushpin_relief          = 1
| pushpin_map_caption         = Location within the state of New York##Location within the United States##Location within North America
| pushpin_label      = نيو يارڪ شھر
| pushpin_label_position     = left
| coordinates                     = {{coord|40.7127|N|74.0059|W|region:US-NY|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint                   = &lt;!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) --&gt;
| coordinates_footnotes           = &lt;ref name=&quot;GR1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=April 23, 2011 |date=February 12, 2011 |title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!-- location ------------------&gt;| subdivision_type    =  [[ملڪ]]
| subdivision_name      = {{nowrap|{{flag|United States}}}}
| subdivision_type2  = [[آمريڪا|آمريڪا جي گڏيل رياستون]]
| subdivision_name2 = {{flag|New York}}
----
| subdivision_type3   = علائقو
| subdivision_name3    = مڊ ايٽلانٽڪ
| subdivision_type4    = ڪائونٽيون 
| subdivision_name4   = [[برونڪس]]  
&lt;br/&gt;بروڪلين&lt;br/&gt;مينھٽن&lt;br /&gt;ڪئينس&lt;br /&gt;اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ
----
| subdivision_type5     = ڪالوني 
| subdivision_name5    = نيو نيدر لينڊ &lt;br /&gt;نيويارڪ صوبو
&lt;!-- established ---------------&gt;| established_title  = قيام
| established_date     = 1624
| established_title1 = مختلف حصن کي گڏ ڪيو ويو
| established_date1    = 1898
| established_title2    = &lt;!-- Incorporated (city) --&gt;
 &lt;!-- government type, leaders --&gt;| government_footnotes            = &lt;ref name=&quot;MayorsOffice&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=the Mayor, New York City Office of |date=January 8, 2010 |url=http://www.nyc.gov/portal/site/nycgov/menuitem.e985cf5219821bc3f7393cd401c789a0/ |title=Biography |accessdate=January 8, 2010 |publisher=New York, City of |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100317115700/http://www.nyc.gov/portal/site/nycgov/menuitem.e985cf5219821bc3f7393cd401c789a0 |archivedate=March 17, 2010 |df=}}
&lt;/ref&gt;
| government_type     = ميئر-ڪائونسل
| governing_body   = نيو يارڪ ڪائونسل 
| leader_title     = ميئر
| leader_name  = بل ڊي بلاسيو (ڊيموڪريٽ)
&lt;!-- display settings ---------&gt;| total_type    = ڪل
| unit_pref    = Imperial 
&lt;!-- area ----------------------&gt;| area_footnotes  = &lt;ref name=&quot;GR1&quot; /&gt;
| area_total_sq_mi      = 468.484
| area_land_sq_mi   = 302.643
| area_water_sq_mi   = 165.841
| area_metro_sq_mi    = 13318
&lt;!-- elevation -----------------&gt;| elevation_footnotes     = &lt;ref name=&quot;GR3&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://geonames.usgs.gov |accessdate=January 31, 2008 |title=US Board on Geographic Names |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |date=June 23, 2018}} Search for feature ID 975772.&lt;/ref&gt;
| elevation_m      = 10
| elevation_ft    = 33
&lt;!-- population ----------------&gt;| population_rank    = پھريون نمبر وڏو شهر
| population_density_sq_mi    = {{#expr:8398748/302.643 round 0}}
| population_as_of   = [[2010 United States Census|2010]]
| population_total     = 8175133
| population_footnotes    = &lt;ref name=Census2010&gt;[https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/community_facts.xhtml Community Facts for New York city, New York] {{Webarchive|url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20150108070337/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml |date=2015-01-08 }}, [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed May 26, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_est    = 8398748
| pop_est_as_of         = 2018
| pop_est_footnotes     = &lt;ref name=2018Estimate /&gt;
| population_blank1_title    = [[Metropolitan statistical area|MSA (2018)]]
| population_blank1    = 1,99,79,477 
| population_blank2_title    = [[New York metropolitan area|CSA (2018)]]
| population_blank2     = 2,26,79,948  &lt;ref name=CombinedEst&gt;{{cite web |url=https://https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk
|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2018 – Combined Statistical Area; and for Puerto Rico – 2017 Population Estimates |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=April 27, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; ([[List of Combined Statistical Areas|1st]])
| population_demonym   = نيو يارڪر
| blank6_name    = جي ڊي پي (شھر جي، 2015ع)
| blank6_info  = 807 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=&quot;bea.gov&quot;&gt;https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gdp-county&lt;/ref&gt; (1st)
| blank7_name    = [[Gross metropolitan product|GMP]] (Metro, 2019)
| blank7_info   = 1.9  ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر 
&lt;!-- time zone(s) --------------&gt;| timezone1     = ايسٽرن ٽائيم زون
| utc_offset1     = −05:00
| timezone1_DST    =  ايسٽرن ٽائيم زون (اي ڊي ٽي)
| utc_offset1_DST       = −04:00
&lt;!-- postal codes, area code ---&gt;| postal_code_type     = زپ ڪوڊ 
| postal_code        = 100xx–104xx, 11004–05, 111xx–114xx, 116xx
| area_code   =  
212/646/332  /718/347/929 /917
&lt;!-- blank fields (section 1) --&gt;
| blank_name    = فيڊرل انفارميشن پراسيسنگ اسٽينڊرڊز
| blank_info       = 36-51000
| blank1_name     = جيوگرافڪ نيمز انفارميشن سسٽم فيچر شناخت
| blank1_info      = 975772
| blank2_name    = اھم ھوائي اڏا
| blank2_info   = جان ايف. ڪينيڊي انٽرنيشنل ايئرپورٽ، نيوآرڪ لبرٽي انٽرنيشنل ايئرپورٽ، لا گارڊيا ايئرپورٽ 
| blank4_name      = ڪميوٽر ريل
| blank4_info     = ايل ٽي آر ميٽرو نارٿ، اين جي ٽرانزٽ ريل آپريشن، ٽرانزٽ
| blank5_name    = ريپڊ ٽرانزٽ
| blank5_info    = نيو يارڪ شھر جي سب وي، اسٽيٽن آئلينڊ ريلوي، پئٿ ريلوي سسٽم
&lt;!-- blank fields (section 2) --&gt;| blank_name_sec2                 =  نيو يارڪ شھر جي پکيڙ ۾  وڏي ۾ وڏي ڪائونٽي 
| blank_info_sec2  =  ڪئينس
  – {{convert|109|sqmi|km2}}
| blank1_name_sec2  = آبادي ۾ وڏي ۾ وڏي ڪائونٽي 
| blank1_info_sec2    = بروڪلين (2,636,735 – 2015 est)&lt;ref name=BrooklynQuickFacts&gt;{{cite web |title=State &amp; County QuickFacts – Kings County (Brooklyn Borough), New York |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/36047.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=March 24, 2016 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160217175357/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/36047.html |archivedate=February 17, 2016 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| blank2_name_sec2  =  جي ڊي پي ۾ وڏي ۾ وڏي ڪائونٽي (2015)
| blank2_info_sec2   = مين ھيٽن – US$630 billion&lt;ref name=&quot;bea.gov&quot;/&gt;
| website   = [https://www.nyc.gov/ NYC.gov]
| population_density_km2    = auto
}}
''' نيو يارڪ شھر''' (&lt;small&gt;'''New York City'''&lt;/small&gt;) يا مختصر طور تي &quot;&lt;small&gt;'''NYC'''&lt;/small&gt;&quot; يا &quot;&lt;small&gt;'''NY'''&lt;/small&gt;&quot;، [[آمريڪا]] جو آبادي ۽ پکيڙ ۾ سڀ کان وڏو شھر آھي،&lt;ref name=2014NYCest2&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/22/nyregion/new-york-city-population.html |title=New York City’s Population Hits a Record 8.6 Million |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |accessdate=March 22, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; جنھن جي آبادي سال &lt;small&gt;'''2018'''&lt;/small&gt;ع ۾ '''&lt;small&gt;83,98,748&lt;/small&gt;''' ھئي.&lt;ref name=2018Estimate&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www1.nyc.gov/site/planning/data-maps/nyc-population/current-future-populations.page|title=NYC Population: Current and Projected Populations|website=www1.nyc.gov|access-date=2019-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھي شھر لڳ ڀڳ {{convert|302.6|sqmi|km2}} جي پکيڙ تي ڦهليل آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045216/3651000 Quick Facts for New York city, New York], [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed February 9, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/html/stormwater/index.shtml Stormwater] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170125025731/http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/html/stormwater/index.shtml|date=January 25, 2017}}, [[New York City Department of Environmental Protection]]. Accessed February 9, 2017. &quot;These impervious surfaces cover approximately 72% of New York City's 305 square miles in land area and generate a significant amount of stormwater.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; اھو آمريڪا جو سڀ کان گھاٽي آبادي وارو شھر پڻ آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;density2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.governing.com/blogs/by-the-numbers/most-densely-populated-cities-data-map.html|title=Mapping the Nation's Most Densely Populated Cities|author=Mike Maciag|date=October 2, 2013|publisher=Governing – The States and Localities|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827080100/http://www.governing.com/blogs/by-the-numbers/most-densely-populated-cities-data-map.html|archivedate=August 27, 2016|accessdate=August 27, 2016|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[فائل:New York World's Fair August 1964.jpeg|thumb|right|alt=A spherical sculpture and several attractions line a park during a World's Fair. |&lt;small&gt;ڪرونا پارڪ جتي يوني اسفيئر ڏيکاريل آهي&lt;/small&gt;]]
[[فائل:Statue of Liberty, NY.jpg|thumb|&lt;small&gt;ازادي جو مجسمو جيڪو لبرٽي ٻيٽ تي واقع آھي&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Statue of Liberty |work=World Heritage |publisher=UNESCO |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 |accessdate=July 18, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;]] ھي شھر دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏو ميٽروپوليٽن آهي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf|title=World Urban Areas|publisher=Demographia|year=2018|accessdate=March 27, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; ۽ دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏن آبادي وارن شھرن مان ھڪ آھي،&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.mongabay.com/cities_urban_01.htm |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091009143739/http://www.mongabay.com/cities_urban_01.htm |dead-url=yes |archive-date=October 9, 2009 |title=World's Largest Urban Areas [Ranked by Urban Area Population] |publisher=Rhett Butler |year=2003–2006 |accessdate=April 26, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.worldatlas.com/citypops.htm |title=Largest Cities of the World – (by metro population) |publisher=Woolwine-Moen Group d/b/a Graphic Maps |accessdate=April 26, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; جنھن جي آبادي سال 2018ع جي آدمشماري ۾ 1,99,79,477 ھئي. ھن کي دنيا جي معاشي طاقت وارو شھر پڻ چوندا آهن ۽ ھي الفا شھرن ۾ شامل آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.mori-m-foundation.or.jp/english/research/project/6/pdf/GPCI2009_English.pdf |title=Global Power City Index 2009 |publisher=The Mori Memorial Foundation |accessdate=June 1, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن کي ثقافتي شھر پڻ چوندا آهن،&lt;ref name=NYCWorld'sGreatestCity/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cultural2&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.iceland.is/iceland-abroad/us/nyc/cultural-affairs/ |title=Consulate General of Iceland New York Culture |publisher=Consulate General of Iceland New York |accessdate=July 1, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130205061848/http://www.iceland.is/iceland-abroad/us/nyc/cultural-affairs/ |archivedate=February 5, 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cultural3&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.latvia-newyork.org/english/ |title=Consulate of Latvia in New York |publisher=Consulate of Latvia |accessdate=July 1, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130208223706/http://www.latvia-newyork.org/english/ |archivedate=February 8, 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cultural4&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/Culture/intro.htm |title=Introduction to Chapter 14: New York City (NYC) Culture |publisher=The Weissman Center for International Business Baruch College/CUNY 2011 |accessdate=July 1, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130505181316/http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/culture/intro.htm |archivedate=May 5, 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;cultural5&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/371497 |title=New York, Culture Capital of the World, 1940–1965 / edited by Leonard Wallock ; essays by Dore Ashton&amp;nbsp;... [et al.] |publisher=National Library of Australia|accessdate=July 1, 2018|isbn=978-0-8478-0990-5 |year=1988 }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[وال اسٽريٽ]] (Wall Street)&lt;ref name=NYCDominantFinancialCenter&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-survey-markets/united-states-top-britain-second-in-financial-activity-think-tank-idUSKCN1LK2TM|title=United States top, Britain second in financial activity: think-tank|author=Huw Jones|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=September 4, 2018|accessdate=September 4, 2018|quote=Think-tank New Financial's study, which focuses on the “raw” value of actual domestic and international financial activity like managing assets and issuing equity, underscored the overall dominance of New York as the world's top financial center.|newspaper=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=WorldEconomicAndFinancialSuperCenter&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/top-8-cities-by-gdp-china-vs-the-us-2011-8 |title=Top 8 Cities by GDP: China vs. The U.S. |quote=For instance, Shanghai, the largest Chinese city with the highest economic production, and a fast-growing global financial hub, is far from matching or surpassing New York, the largest city in the U.S. and the economic and financial super center of the world. |publisher=Business Insider, Inc |date=July 31, 2011 |accessdate=July 1, 2018}}&lt;br /&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.thejobnetwork.com/new-york-city-the-financial-capital-of-the-world/ |title=New York City: The Financial Capital of the World |publisher=Pando Logic|accessdate=July 1, 2018|date=October 8, 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt; آمريڪا جو مالياتي ۽ نيو يارڪ شھر جو ميڊيا جو عالمي مرڪز آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.statista.com/chart/3299/new-york-is-the-worlds-media-capital/ |title=New York Is The World's Media Capital |author=Felix Richter |publisher=Statista |date=March 11, 2015 |accessdate=July 1, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NYCWorld'sMediaCapitalLargestPrideParade&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2017/05/first-nyc-pridefest-will-televised/ |title=ABC will broadcast New York's pride parade live for the first time |author=Dawn Ennis |publisher=LGBTQ Nation |date=May 24, 2017 |accessdate=September 26, 2018|quote=Never before has any TV station in the entertainment and news media capital of the world carried what organizer boast is the world's largest Pride parade live on TV.}}&lt;/ref&gt; نيو يارڪ واپار، تفريح، تحقيق، تعليم، ٽيڪنالاجي، سياست، سياحت، فن، فيشن ۽ راندين تي اھم اثر رکندڙ شھر آھي.&lt;ref name=&quot;FastPaceNYC1&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.fodors.com/world/north-america/usa/new-york/new-york-city/experiences/news/15-things-not-to-do-in-new-york-city|title=15 Things NOT to Do in New York City|author=Kelsy Chauvin|publisher=Fodor's|date=March 15, 2019|accessdate=March 23, 2019|quote=There are more than 8.6 million citizens of New York City, and they're pretty much all in a hurry. They're also shrewd, outspoken, and proudly able to survive in a metropolis that tends to punish the meek. The buzzing subway system alone is a symbol of how this city works: part ballet, part battlefield. Residents and visitors alike can see why New York is considered the greatest city in the world.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FastPaceNYC2&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Poliak |first=Shira |url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2009-11-19/features/0911180065_1_new-yorkers-fast-paced-big-apple |title=Adjusting To New York City |newspaper=Sun Sentinel |accessdate=November 1, 2015 |quote=Additionally, the fast-paced lifestyle of New York City demands adjusting. |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151203093200/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2009-11-19/features/0911180065_1_new-yorkers-fast-paced-big-apple |archivedate=December 3, 2015 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FastPaceNYC3&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/?id=tfsmDAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA50&amp;lpg=PA50&amp;dq=hurrying+feverish+electric+crowds+new+york#v=onepage&amp;q=hurrying%20feverish%20electric%20crowds%20new%20york&amp;f=false |title=Walking New York: Reflections of American Writers from Walt Whitman to Teju Cole |pages=46, 50, 131 |author=Stephen Miller |accessdate=May 10, 2017|isbn=978-0-8232-7425-3 |year=2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NewYorkMinuteDefinition&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/new%20york%20minute |title=Dictionary – Full Definition of ''New York Minute'|publisher=Merriam-Webster |accessdate=November 1, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھي شھر گڏيل قومن جي صدر مقام جو گهر پڻ آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[http://visit.un.org/content/plan-your-visit Plan your visit] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314234417/http://visit.un.org/content/plan-your-visit|date=March 14, 2017}}, [[United Nations]]. Accessed February 9, 2017. &quot;The Headquarters of the United Nations is located in New York City, along the East River. When you pass through the gates of the United Nations visitors' entrance, you enter an international territory. This 18-acre site does not belong to just one country, but to all countries that have joined the Organization; currently, the United Nations has 193 Member States.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ھي شھر بين الاقوامي سفارتڪاري جو پڻ مرڪز آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/ia/html/home/home.shtml |title=NYC Mayor's Office for International Affairs |publisher=The City of New York |accessdate=June 24, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150616080757/http://www.nyc.gov/html/ia/html/home/home.shtml |archivedate=June 16, 2015 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.digidiplomats.org/newyork/|title=Digital Diplomacy Coalition |publisher=Digital Diplomacy Coalition, New York|accessdate=August 11, 2018|quote=Established in 2014, DDC New York has partnered with the United Nations, major tech and social media companies, multiple governments, and NGOs to bring unique programs to the area community.}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن شھر جي بندرگاھه، نيويارڪ ھاربر دنيا جي وڏي ۾ وڏي قدرتي بندرگاھه آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/new-york-city/videos/new-york-harbor |title=New York City |publisher=A&amp;E Television Networks, LLC |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304110030/http://www.history.com/topics/new-york-city/videos/new-york-harbor |archivedate=March 4, 2016 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Port in a Storm: The Port of New York in World War II |url=http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/research_collections/research/history/hisportofnewyork.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429044423/http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/research_collections/research/history/hisportofnewyork.html |publisher=New York State Museum |accessdate=August 5, 2015 |archivedate=April 29, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[فائل:5 Boroughs Labels New York City Map.svg|thumb|upright=1.1|
نيويارڪ شھر جي پنج ڪائونٽيون:
{{legend|#4DAF4A|1.مين ھيٽن}}
{{legend|#FFFF33|2.بروڪلين}}
{{legend|#FF7F00|3.ڪئينس}}
{{legend|#E41A1C|4.برونڪس}}
{{legend|#984EA3|5.اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ}}|alt=A map with five insular regions of different colors.]]
ھي شھر پنج ضلعن يا ڪائونٽين تي مشتمل آهي. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/US_NYBOROUGHS.html |title=Boroughs of New York City |publisher=Ben Cahoon |year=2002 |access-date=October 5, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211145920/http://www.worldstatesmen.org/US_NYBOROUGHS.html |archivedate=February 11, 2012 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; جن جا نالا؛ بروڪلين، ڪئينس، مين ھيٽن، برونڪس ۽ اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ آھن جيڪي سال 1898ع ۾ ملائي ھڪ شھر ۾ تبديل ڪيا ويا.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.correctionhistory.org/html/chronicl/nycdoc/html/kbd_brnx.html |title=A 5-Borough Centennial Preface for Katharine Bement Davis Mini-History |publisher=The New York City Department of Correction |year=1997 |accessdate=October 26, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111023193440/http://www.correctionhistory.org/html/chronicl/nycdoc/html/kbd_brnx.html |archivedate=October 23, 2011 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; دنيا ۾ ارب پتي ماڻھن جو شھر سڏجندڙ ھي نيويارڪ سال 1624ع ۾ ھيٺين مينھٽن واري جاء تي &quot;ڊچ ريپلڪ&quot; جي ڪالوني ٺاھيندڙن قائم ڪيو ويو ۽ سال 1626ع ۾ کيس &quot;نيو ايمسٽرڊم&quot; جو نالو ڏنو ويو.&lt;ref name=&quot;u-s-history.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h2122.html |title=United States History – History of New York City, New York |accessdate=September 9, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; سال 1664ع ۾ اھو شھر ۽ ان جي چوڌاري واقع علائقا انگريزن جي قبضي ۾ آيا ۽ ان وقت جي برطانيا جي بادشاھه، [[چارلس ٻيون (انگلينڊ)|چارلس ٻئين]] اھو علائقو پنھنجي ڀاءُ [[جيمز ٻيون (انگلينڊ)|جيمز ٻئين، ڊيوڪ آف يارڪ]] کي ڏئي ڇڏيو جنھن ان شھر کي نيويارڪ جو نئون نالو ڏنو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm |title=Kingston: Discover 300 Years of New York History Dutch Colonies|publisher=National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior |accessdate=May 10, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; سال 1785ع کان 1790ع تائين ھي شھر [[آمريڪا]] جو گاديءَ جو هنڌ پڻ رھيو.&lt;ref name=senate&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.senate.gov/reference/reference_item/Nine_Capitals_of_the_United_States.htm |title=The Nine Capitals of the United States |publisher=[[United States Senate]] |accessdate=September 7, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; ۽ سال 1790ع کان وٺي ھي شھر ملڪ جو سڀ کان وڏو شھر رھندو آيو آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0027/tab01.txt |title=Rank by Population of the 100 Largest Urban Places, Listed Alphabetically by State: 1790–1990 |date=June 15, 1998 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=February 8, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; اوڻويھين ۽ ويھين صديءَ ۾ ھتي لکين ماڻھو لڏي آيا.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/statue-of-liberty |title=Statue of Liberty |publisher=A&amp;E Television Networks, LLC |accessdate=May 21, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن شھر ۾ لڳل مجسمو، &quot;اسٽيچو آف لبرٽي&quot; دنيا ۾ ملڪ جي امن ۽ آزادي جي ھڪ سڃاڻپ آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Statue of Liberty |work=World Heritage |publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre 1992–2011 |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 |accessdate=October 23, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

وال اسٽريٽ، مالي ضلعي، مئنهٽن ۾ بيٺل، نيو يارڪ شهر کي دنيا جو سڀ کان وڏو مالياتي ۽ فن ٽيڪ سينٽر ۽ دنيا جو سڀ کان وڌيڪ اقتصادي طور تي طاقتور شهر بڻائي ٿو. سال 2022ع تائين، نيو يارڪ ميٽروپوليٽن علائقو دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي ميٽروپوليٽن معيشت آهي، جنهن جي مجموعي ميٽروپوليٽن پيداوار 2.16 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر کان وڌيڪ آهي. نيو يارڪ ميٽروپوليٽن علائقي جي معيشت دنيا جي سڀني نون ملڪن کان وڏي آهي. چوويهه ڪلاڪ تيز ٽرانزٽ سسٽم هجڻ جي باوجود، نيو يارڪ شهري گاڏين جي ٽريفڪ جام ۾ دنيا جي اڳواڻي پڻ ڪري ٿو. هي شهر دنيا جي، انهن جي لسٽ ڪيل ڪمپنين جي مارڪيٽ سرمائيداري ذريعي، ٻن وڏين اسٽاڪ ايڪسچينج؛ نيو يارڪ اسٽاڪ ايڪسچينج (NYSE) ۽ نئسڊڪ (NASDAQ) جو گهر آهي. نيو يارڪ شهر عالمي سيڙپڪارن لاءِ قائم ڪيل محفوظ جنت آهي. سال 2023ع تائين، نيو يارڪ شھر، غير ملڪين لاءِ ۽ وڏي فرق سان ملڪ جي ڪنهن به شهر جي رهائشي ڪرائي جي لحاظ کان، دنيا جو سڀ کان مهانگو شهر  تي آهي ۽ پنجين ايونيو دنيا جي سڀ کان مهانگي شاپنگ اسٽريٽ آهي. نيو يارڪ شهر هڪ اهم فرق سان ارب پتي ماڻهن جي وڏي تعداد ۾، انتهائي اعليٰ خالص ماليت (ٽي ڪروڙ آمريڪي ڊالر کان وڌيڪ) ۽ دنيا جي ڪنهن به شهر کان وڏو ارب پتي ماڻهن جو گهر آهي. 

==نالو==
{{See_also|Nicknames of New York City}}
سال 1664ع ۾، نيويارڪ جو نالو ڊيوڪ آف يارڪ (بعد ۾ انگلينڊ جي بادشاهه جيمس ٻين) جي اعزاز ۾ رکيو ويو. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.qchron.com/editions/queenswide/new-amsterdam-becomes-new-york/article_dd6e910f-a882-5b2e-9771-a2caa1574e07.html|title=1664 New Amsterdam becomes New York Dutch rulers surrender to England|last=Badoe|first=Etta|date=November 11, 2015|publisher=[[Queens Chronicle]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170201120328/https://www.qchron.com/editions/queenswide/new-amsterdam-becomes-new-york/article_dd6e910f-a882-5b2e-9771-a2caa1574e07.html|archive-date=February 1, 2017|access-date=March 13, 2021|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; جيمس جو وڏو ڀاءُ، بادشاهه چارلس ٻيون، کيس نيو هالينڊ جي اڳوڻي علائقي جو مالڪ مقرر ڪيو، جنهن ۾ نيو ايمسٽرڊم جو شهر به شامل هو، جڏهن انگلينڊ جي بادشاهت ان کي ڊچ (ولنديزين) جي قبضي کان وٺي ڇڏيو.&lt;ref name=&quot;Archdeacon2013a2&quot;&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9bTxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT19|title=New York City, 1664–1710: Conquest and Change|last=Archdeacon|first=Thomas J.|publisher=[[Cornell University Press]]|year=2013|isbn=978-0-8014-6891-9|page=19|author-link1=Thomas J. Archdeacon}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

==تاريخ==
{{Main|History of New York City|Timeline of New York City}}
{{Further|History of Manhattan|Timeline of Brooklyn |Timeline of Queens|Timeline of the Bronx|Timeline of Staten Island}}

=== شروعاتي تاريخ ===
{{Main|نيو يارڪ جي تاريخ (ماقبل تاريخ کان 1664ع تائين)}}
پري-ڪولمبين دور ۾، اڄوڪي نيو يارڪ شهر جو علائقو Algonquians، جنهن ۾ Lenape به شامل هو، آباد هو. سندن وطن، جنهن کي Lenapehoking جي نالي سان سڃاتو وڃي ٿو، ان ۾ اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ، منهٽن، برونڪس، لانگ آئلينڊ جو الهندو حصو (بشمول بروڪلن ۽ ڪوئنز)، ۽ لوئر هڊسن وادي شامل آهن. نيو يارڪ هاربر ۾ پهريون دستاويزي دورو هڪ يورپين طرفان 1524 ۾ دريافت ڪندڙ Giovanni da Verrazzano پاران ڪيو ويو. هن فرانس لاءِ علائقي جي دعويٰ ڪئي ۽ ان جو نالو Nouvelle Angoulême رکيو. هڪ اسپيني مهم، جنهن جي اڳواڻي پورچوگالي ڪپتان ايسٽيو گومز ڪري رهيو هو، جيڪو شهنشاهه چارلس پنجين لاءِ سفر ڪري رهيو هو، جنوري 1525ع ۾ نيويارڪ هاربر تي پهتو ۽ هڊسن نديءَ جي وات جو نقشو چٽيو، جنهن جو نالو هن ريو ڊي سان انتونيو رکيو. 1609 ۾، انگريز محقق هينري هڊسن نيو يارڪ هاربر کي ٻيهر دريافت ڪيو، جڏهن ڊچ ايسٽ انڊيا ڪمپني لاء اتر اولهه طرف اوڀر طرف ڳولي رهيا هئا. هن ٻيڙيءَ تي چڙهيو، جنهن کي ڊچ نارٿ ريور (هاڻي هڊسن درياهه) سڏين ٿا، جنهن جو نالو هڊسن پهريون ڀيرو ماريشس جي نالي پٺيان موريس، پرنس آف نارنگي رکيو. هڊسن هن علائقي تي ڊچ ايسٽ انڊيا ڪمپنيءَ جي دعويٰ ڪئي. 1614 ۾، ڪيپ ڪوڊ ۽ ڊيلويئر بي جي وچ واري علائقي کي هالينڊ پاران دعوي ڪيو ويو ۽ نييو-نيدرلينڊ سڏيو ويو. نيو يارڪ شهر جو پهريون غير-آمريڪي رهواسي جوآن روڊريگيز هو، جيڪو سينٽو ڊومنگو جو هڪ واپاري هو، جيڪو 1613-14 جي سياري دوران منهٽن ۾ پهتو. 

the [[pre-Columbian era]], the area of present-day New York City was inhabited by [[Algonquian peoples|Algonquian]]s, including the [[Lenape]]. Their homeland, known as [[Lenapehoking]], included the present-day areas of [[Staten Island]], [[Manhattan]], [[the Bronx]], the western portion of [[Long Island]] (including [[Brooklyn]] and [[Queens]]), and the [[Lower Hudson Valley]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |first=Evan T. |last=Pritchard |year=2002 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c5hky9f5PgoC&amp;pg=PA27 |title=Native New Yorkers: The Legacy of the Algonquin people of New York |page=27 |publisher=Council Oak Books |isbn=1-57178-107-2 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The first documented visit into [[New York Harbor]] by a European was in 1524 by explorer [[Giovanni da&amp;nbsp;Verrazzano]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Debo2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Angie |last=Debo |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pLjYpwiuN_wC&amp;pg=PT28 |title=A History of the Indians of the United States |publisher=[[University of Oklahoma Press]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-0-8061-8965-9 |page=28 }}&lt;/ref&gt; He claimed the area for [[Kingdom of France|France]] and named it ''Nouvelle Angoulême'' (New [[Angoulême]]).&lt;ref name=&quot;rodgers&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rankin |first1=Rebecca B. |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.226262 |title=New York: The World's Capital City, Its Development and Contributions to Progress |last2=Rodgers |first2=Cleveland |publisher=[[Harper (publisher)|Harper]] |year=1948 }}&lt;/ref&gt; A Spanish expedition, led by the Portuguese captain [[Estêvão Gomes]] sailing for [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Charles&amp;nbsp;V]], arrived in New York Harbor in January 1525 and charted the mouth of the [[Hudson River]], which he named {{lang|es|Río de San Antonio}} ('Saint Anthony's River').&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author=WPA Writer's Project |title=A Maritime History of New York |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o08K8jlMI-IC |page=246 |publisher=Going Coastal Productions |year=2004 |isbn=0-9729803-1-8 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1609, the English explorer [[Henry Hudson]] rediscovered New York Harbor while searching for the [[Northwest Passage]] to the [[Orient]] for the [[Dutch East India Company]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Lankevich2002&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=George J. |last=Lankevich |url=https://archive.org/details/newyorkcity00geor |title=New York City: A Short History |publisher=[[NYU Press]] |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-8147-5186-2 |page=[https://archive.org/details/newyorkcity00geor/page/2 2] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; He sailed up what the Dutch called [[North River (Hudson River)|North River]] (now the Hudson River), named first by Hudson as the ''Mauritius'' after [[Maurice, Prince of Orange]].&lt;ref name=&quot;hudsonnni&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Hudson River |url=http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/history-and-heritage/digital-exhibitions/a-tour-of-new-netherland/hudson-river/ |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=[[New Netherland Institute]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Hudson claimed the region for the Dutch East India Company. In 1614, the area between [[Cape Cod]] and [[Delaware Bay]] was claimed by the Netherlands and called {{lang|nl|Nieuw-Nederland}} ('[[New Netherland]]'). The first non–Native American inhabitant of what became New York City was [[Juan (Jan) Rodriguez|Juan Rodriguez]], a merchant from [[Captaincy General of Santo Domingo|Santo Domingo]] who arrived in Manhattan during the winter of 1613–14, trapping for [[Fur|pelts]] and trading with the local population as a representative of the Dutch.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Roberts |first=Sam |date=October 2, 2012 |title=Honoring a Very Early New Yorker |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/10/02/honoring-a-very-early-new-yorker/ |access-date=October 28, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 14, 2013 |title=CUNY DSI Publishes Monograph on New York's First Immigrant |url=https://www.ccny.cuny.edu/news/juan-rodriguez-monograph |access-date=May 16, 2020 |publisher=[[The City College of New York]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dutch rule ===
{{Main|New Amsterdam|Fort Amsterdam|New Netherland}}
{{multiple image
| align             = right
| direction         = vertical
| width             = 220
| image1            = Stad Amsterdam in Nieuw Nederland (City Amsterdam in New Netherland) Castello Plan 1660.jpg
| caption1          = The [[Castello Plan]], a 1660 map of [[New Amsterdam]] in [[Lower Manhattan]]
| image2            = GezichtOpNieuwAmsterdam.jpg
| caption2          = [[New Amsterdam]], centered in what eventually became Lower Manhattan, in 1664, the year [[British colonization of the Americas|England]] took control and renamed it New York
}}

A permanent European presence near [[New York Harbor]] was established in 1624, making New York the [[List of North American settlements by year of foundation|12th-oldest continuously occupied]] European-established settlement in the [[continental United States]], with the founding of a Dutch [[Fur trade|fur trading]] settlement on [[Governors Island]]. In 1625, construction was started on a [[citadel]] and [[Fort Amsterdam]], later called ''Nieuw Amsterdam'' (New Amsterdam), on present-day Manhattan Island.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm Dutch Colonies], [[National Park Service]]. Retrieved May 19, 2007. &quot;Sponsored by the West India Company, 30 families arrived in North America in 1624, establishing a settlement on present-day Manhattan.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Tolerance&quot;&gt;[http://www.tolerancepark.org/id2.html GovIsland Park-to-Tolerance: through Broad Awareness and Conscious Vigilance], Tolerance Park. Retrieved February 9, 2017. See Legislative Resolutions Senate No. 5476 and Assembly No. 2708.&lt;/ref&gt;

The colony of New Amsterdam extended from the southern tip of Manhattan to modern-day [[Wall Street]], where a {{Convert|12|ft|adj=on}} wooden [[stockade]] was built in 1653 to protect against Native American and English raids.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/crash-selected-wall-street-chronology/ |title=Timeline: A selected Wall Street chronology |publisher=[[PBS]] |access-date=October 28, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1626, the Dutch colonial Director-General [[Peter Minuit]], as charged by the [[Dutch West India Company]], purchased the island of Manhattan from the ''Canarsie'', a small Lenape band,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |first1=Frederick M. |last1=Binder |first2=David M. |last2=Reimers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o08K8jlMI-IC |title=All the Nations Under Heaven: An Ethnic and Racial History of New York City |page=4 |year=1996 |isbn=0-231-07879-X |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; for &quot;the value of 60 [[Dutch guilder|guilders]]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.s4ulanguages.com/laet2.html |title=Pieter Schaghen Letter |year=1626 |quote=&quot;...&amp;nbsp;hebben t'eylant Manhattes van de wilde gekocht, voor de waerde van 60 gulden: is groot 11000 morgen.&amp;nbsp;...&quot; (&quot;...&amp;nbsp;They have purchased the Island Manhattes from the Indians for the value of 60 guilders. It is 11,000 morgens in size&amp;nbsp;...) |access-date=October 28, 2021 |website=S4ulanguages.com }}&lt;/ref&gt; (about $900 in 2018).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Value of the Guilder versus Euro |url=http://www.iisg.nl/hpw/calculate.php |access-date=July 25, 2019 |publisher=[[International Institute of Social History]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; A frequently told but disproved legend claims that Manhattan was purchased for $24 worth of glass beads.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Peter Schaghen Letter |url=http://www.nnp.org/nnp/documents/schagen_main.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101023083225/http://www.nnp.org/nnp/documents/schagen_main.html |archive-date=October 23, 2010 |access-date=October 28, 2010 |publisher=Nnp.org }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Miller |first1=Christopher L. |last2=Hamell |first2=George R. |date=September 1986 |title=A New Perspective on Indian-White Contact: Cultural Symbols and Colonial Trade |journal=[[The Journal of American History]] |volume=73 |issue=2 |pages=311–328 |doi=10.2307/1908224 |jstor=1908224 |issn=0021-8723 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Following the purchase, New Amsterdam grew slowly.&lt;ref name=&quot;npsnetherland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Dutch Colonies |url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=[[National Park Service]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; To attract settlers, the Dutch instituted the [[Patroon|patroon system]] in 1628, whereby wealthy Dutchmen (''patroons'', or patrons) who brought 50 colonists to New Netherland would be awarded land, local political autonomy, and rights to participate in the lucrative fur trade. This program had little success.&lt;ref name=&quot;locnetherland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Patroon System |url=http://frontiers.loc.gov/intldl/awkbhtml/kb-1/kb-1-2-2.html |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] |archive-date=March 19, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319082007/http://frontiers.loc.gov/intldl/awkbhtml/kb-1/kb-1-2-2.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Since 1621, the Dutch West India Company had operated as a [[monopoly]] in New Netherland, on authority granted by the [[States General of the Netherlands|Dutch States General]]. In 1639–1640, in an effort to bolster economic growth, the Dutch West India Company relinquished its monopoly over the fur trade, leading to growth in the production and trade of food, timber, tobacco, and slaves (particularly with the [[Netherlands Antilles|Dutch West Indies]]).&lt;ref name=&quot;npsnetherland&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nahcnetherland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Story of New Amsterdam |url=http://www.newamsterdamhistorycenter.org/bios/origins.html |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=New Amsterdam History Center }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1647, [[Peter Stuyvesant]] began his tenure as the last [[Director-General of New Amsterdam|Director-General]] of New Netherland. During his tenure, the population of New Netherland grew from 2,000 to 8,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Jacobs |first=Jaap |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vgnh3E5Mm0cC |title=The Colony of New Netherland: A Dutch Settlement in Seventeenth-Century America |publisher=[[Cornell University Press]] |year=2009 |page=32 |isbn=978-0801475160 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Eisenstadt |first1=Peter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tmHEm5ohoCUC&amp;q=New+Amsterdam+grew+from+under+2,000+to+8,000&amp;pg=PA1051 |title=The Encyclopedia of New York State |last2=Moss |first2=Laura-Eve |last3=Huxley |first3=Carole F. |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-8156-0808-0 |page=1051 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Stuyvesant has been credited with improving law and order; however, he earned a reputation as a [[despotism|despotic]] leader. He instituted regulations on liquor sales, attempted to assert control over the [[Dutch Reformed Church]], and blocked other religious groups from establishing houses of worship.&lt;ref name=&quot;nyhsstuyvesant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Peter Stuyvesant |url=http://www.nyhistory.org/peter-stuyvesant |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624011523/http://www.nyhistory.org/peter-stuyvesant |archive-date=June 24, 2016 |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[New-York Historical Society]] |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== English rule ===
{{Main|Province of New York|History of New York City (1665–1783)}}
{{multiple image
| align     = right
| direction = vertical
| width     = 220
| image1    = The fall of New Amsterdam cph.3g12217.jpg
| caption1  = ''[[The Fall of New Amsterdam]]'', painting by [[Jean Leon Gerome Ferris]], depicting the [[Conquest of New Netherland]]
| image2    = A_view_of_Fort_George_with_the_city_of_New_York,_from_the_SW.jpg
| caption2  = [[Fort Amsterdam|Fort George]] and New York with British warships, {{Circa|1731}}
}}

In 1664, unable to summon any significant resistance, Stuyvesant surrendered New Amsterdam to English troops, led by Colonel [[Richard Nicolls]], without bloodshed.&lt;ref name=&quot;nyhsstuyvesant&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nnistuyvesant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Peter Stuyvesant |url=http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/history-and-heritage/dutch_americans/peter-stuyvesant/ |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[New Netherland Institute]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; The terms of the surrender permitted Dutch residents to remain in the colony and allowed for religious freedom.&lt;ref name=&quot;lehrmanstuyvesant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The surrender of New Netherland, 1664 |url=http://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/early-settlements/resources/surrender-new-netherland-1664 |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1667, during negotiations leading to the [[Treaty of Breda (1667)|Treaty of Breda]] after the [[Second Anglo-Dutch War]], the victorious Dutch decided to keep the nascent plantation colony of what is now [[Suriname]], which they had gained from the English,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Treaty-of-Breda |title=Treaty of Breda |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=July 10, 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and in return the English kept New Amsterdam. The settlement was promptly renamed &quot;New York&quot; after the Duke of York (the future King James II and VII).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Homberger |first=Eric |title=The Historical Atlas of New York City: A Visual Celebration of 400 Years of New York City's History |publisher=Owl Books |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-8050-7842-8 |page=34 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The duke gave part of the colony to proprietors [[George Carteret]] and [[John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton|John Berkeley]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Miller |first=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=McEJCAAAQBAJ |title=James II (The English Monarchs Series) |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-300-08728-4 |pages=44–45 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

On August 24, 1673, during the [[Third Anglo-Dutch War]], [[Anthony Colve]] of the Dutch navy [[Dutch Raid on North America|seized New York]] at the behest of [[Cornelis Evertsen the Youngest]] and rechristened it &quot;New Orange&quot; after [[William III of England|William&amp;nbsp;III]], the [[Prince of Orange]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Roper2017&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=L. H. |last=Roper |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i8wnDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA215 |title=Advancing Empire |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-107-11891-1 |page=215 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The Dutch soon returned the island to England under the [[Treaty of Westminster (1674)|Treaty of Westminster]] of November 1674.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Van Luling |first=Todd |date=April 17, 2014 |title=8 Things Even New Yorkers Don't Know About New York City |work=[[HuffPost]] |url=https://huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/17/new-york-history-facts_n_5107337.html |access-date=September 13, 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Peter |last=Douglas |title=The Man Who Took Back New Netherland |url=http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/files/2813/5680/0659/Man_Who_Took_Back_NN.pdf |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[New Netherland Institute]] |archive-date=July 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708102432/http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/files/2813/5680/0659/Man_Who_Took_Back_NN.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Several intertribal wars among the Native Americans and [[epidemic]]s brought on by contact with the Europeans caused sizeable population losses for the Lenape between 1660 and 1670.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.penntreatymuseum.org/americans.php |title=Native Americans |publisher=Penn Treaty Museum |access-date=October 29, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; By 1700, the Lenape population had diminished to 200.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.gothamcenter.org/ &quot;Gotham Center for New York City History&quot;] Timeline 1700–1800&lt;/ref&gt; New York experienced several [[yellow fever]] epidemics in the 18th century, losing ten percent of its population in 1702 alone.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Pedro |last=Nogueira |url=http://jdc.jefferson.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&amp;context=yellow_fever_symposium |title=The Early History of Yellow Fever (PDF) |publisher=[[Thomas Jefferson University]] |year=2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/fever-timeline-yellow-fever-america/ |title=Timeline – Yellow Fever in America |publisher=[[Public Broadcasting Service]] (PBS) |access-date=October 30, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In the early 18th century, New York grew in importance as a [[port|trading port]] while as a part of the [[Province of New York|colony of New York]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Foote2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Thelma Wills |last=Foote |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cu4VfJPRsl4C&amp;pg=PA68 |title=Black and White Manhattan: The History of Racial Formation in Colonial New York City |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]], US |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-19-508809-0 |page=68 }}&lt;/ref&gt; It became a center of [[Slavery in the colonial United States|slavery]], with 42% of households enslaving Africans by 1730.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Oltman |first=Adele |date=October 24, 2005 |title=The Hidden History of Slavery in New York |url=http://www.thenation.com/article/hidden-history-slavery-new-york# |journal=[[The Nation]] |access-date=July 9, 2013 |archive-date=November 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191130043006/https://www.thenation.com/article/hidden-history-slavery-new-york/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Most were [[House slave|domestic slaves]]; others were hired out as labor. Slavery became integrally tied to New York's economy through the labor of slaves throughout the port, and the banking and shipping industries trading with the [[Southern United States|American South]]. During construction in [[Foley Square]] in the 1990s, the [[African Burying Ground]] was discovered; the cemetery included 10,000 to 20,000 graves of colonial-era Africans, some enslaved and some free.&lt;ref name=&quot;AsanteMazama2005&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Molefi Kete |last1=Asante |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RcBkDlJ7qjwC&amp;pg=PA33 |title=Encyclopedia of Black Studies |first2=Ama |last2=Mazama |first3=Marie-José |last3=Cérol |publisher=[[SAGE Publishing|SAGE]] |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-7619-2762-4 |page=33 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The 1735 trial and acquittal in Manhattan of [[John Peter Zenger]], who had been accused of [[seditious libel]] after criticizing [[List of colonial governors of New York|colonial governor]] [[William Cosby]], helped to establish [[freedom of the press]] in [[North America]].&lt;ref name=&quot;zenger&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Linder |first=Doug |year=2001 |title=The Trial of John Peter Zenger: An Account |url=http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/zenger/zengeraccount.html |publisher=[[University of Missouri–Kansas City]] |access-date=October 30, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1754, [[Columbia University]] was founded.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Moore |first=Nathaniel Fish |url=https://archive.org/details/anhistoricalske00univgoog |title=An Historical Sketch of Columbia College, in the City of New York, 1754–1876 |publisher=[[Columbia University]] |year=1876 |page=[https://archive.org/details/anhistoricalske00univgoog/page/n14 8] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== American Revolution ===
{{Further|American Revolution}}
[[File:BattleofLongisland.jpg|thumb|The [[Battle of Long Island]], one of the largest battles of the [[American Revolutionary War]], which took place in [[Brooklyn]] on August 27, 1776]]
The [[Stamp Act Congress]] met in New York in October 1765, as the [[Sons of Liberty]] organization emerged in the city and skirmished over the next ten years with British troops stationed there.&lt;ref name=&quot;BoyerClark2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Paul |last1=Boyer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O7NsCgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA100 |title=The Enduring Vision: A History of the American People, Volume 1: To 1877, Concise |first2=Clifford |last2=Clark |first3=Sandra |last3=Hawley |first4=Joseph |last4=Kett |first5=Andrew |last5=Rieser |publisher=[[Cengage Learning]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-111-78553-6 |page=100 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Battle of Long Island]], the largest battle of the [[American Revolutionary War]], was fought in August 1776 within modern-day Brooklyn.&lt;ref name=&quot;Reno2008&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Linda Davis |last=Reno |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KvhogpG5154C&amp;pg=PA3 |title=The Maryland 400 in the Battle of Long Island, 1776 |publisher=[[McFarland &amp; Company|McFarland]] |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-7864-5184-5 |page=3 }}&lt;/ref&gt; A British rout of the Continental Army at the [[Battle of Fort Washington]] in November 1776 eliminated the last American stronghold in Manhattan, causing [[George Washington]] and his forces to retreat across the Hudson River to [[New Jersey]], pursued by British forces.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/fort-washington Fort Washington], [[American Battlefield Trust]]. Accessed December 31, 2023. &quot;Fought on November 16, 1776 on the island of Manhattan, the Battle of Fort Washington was the final devastating chapter in General Washington's disastrous New York Campaign.... Seeing how precarious the American position was, Howe launched a three-pronged assault on Fort Washington and its outer defensive works. The combined British-Hessian assault force of 8,000 men grossly outnumbered the fort's 3,000 defenders.... At 3:00 P.M., after a fruitless attempt to gain gentler surrender terms for his men, Magaw surrendered Fort Washington and its 2,800 surviving defenders to the British.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Schenawolf, Harry. [https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/washingtons-retreat-across-new-jersey-a-british-fox-chase/ &quot;Washington's Retreat Across New Jersey: A British Fox Chase&quot;], Revolutionary War Journal, August 5, 2019. Accessed December 31, 2023.&lt;/ref&gt;

After the battle, in which the Americans were defeated, the British made the city their military and political base of operations in North America.&lt;ref&gt;[[Rohit Aggarwala|Aggarwala, Rohit T.]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/90018770 &quot;'I want a Packet to arrive': Making New York City the headquarters of British North America 1696-1783&quot;], ''New York History'', Winter 2017. Accessed December 29, 2023. &quot;One of New York City's key distinctions in the late colonial period was its role as the headquarters of the British Army in North America, almost continuously from 1755 to 1783.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The city was a haven for [[Loyalist (American Revolution)|Loyalist]] refugees and escaped slaves who joined the British lines for freedom promised by the [[British Crown|Crown]], with as many as 10,000 escaped slaves crowded into the city during the British occupation, the largest such community on the continent.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.amrevmuseum.org/revolution-stories/finding-freedom-deborah &quot;Finding Freedom: Deborah&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231230351/https://www.amrevmuseum.org/revolution-stories/finding-freedom-deborah|date=2023-12-31}}, [[Museum of the American Revolution]], May 4, 2018. Accessed December 31, 2023. &quot;They ran to the British Army which offered freedom to enslaved people owned by rebel masters based on the 1779 Philipsburg Proclamation issued by British General Henry Clinton. Historians estimate that 10,000 enslaved people sought freedom by escaping to the British during the Revolutionary War.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Goulet, L.; and Tsaltas-Otoomanelli, Mary. [https://www.gothamcenter.org/blog/black-loyalists-evaculation-zy4la &quot;Black Loyalists In The Evacuation Of New York City, 1783&quot;], [[The Gotham Center for New York City History]], November 15, 2023. Accessed December 31, 2023. &quot;By 1783, New York City had become the largest fugitive slave community in North America.... Free and self-emancipated Black people entered New York City during the British occupation seeking protection.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; When the British forces [[Evacuation Day (New York)|evacuated]] New York at the close of the war in 1783, they transported thousands of [[freedmen]] for resettlement in [[Nova Scotia]], England, and the [[Caribbean]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Hinks2007&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Peter P. |last=Hinks |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3UXQs0uO0VMC&amp;pg=PA508 |title=Encyclopedia of Antislavery and Abolition |publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]] |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-313-33144-2 |page=508 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The attempt at a peaceful solution to the war took place at the [[Conference House]] on Staten Island between American delegates, including [[Benjamin Franklin]], and British general [[Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe|Lord Howe]] on September 11, 1776.&lt;ref&gt;Mattera, John. [https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/conference-house-park/dailyplant/19934 Conference House Park The Daily Plant : Thursday, September 7, 2006], [[New York City Department of Parks and Recreation]]. Accessed December 29, 2023.&lt;/ref&gt; Shortly after the British occupation began, the [[Great Fire of New York (1776)|Great Fire of New York]] destroyed nearly 500 buildings, about a quarter of the structures in the city, including [[Trinity Church (New York City)|Trinity Church]].&lt;ref&gt;Trinity Church bicentennial celebration, May 5, 1897, By Trinity Church (New York, N.Y.) p. 37, ISBN 978-1-356-90825-7&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/disasters/fires-1776.html New York City (NYC) The Great Fire of 1776], [[Baruch College]]. Accessed December 29, 2023. &quot;The fire started in a wooden building near White Hall Slip, called the Fighting Cocks Tavern, a fun house visited by the city's most disreputable residents. It was fanned by winds south west of the city and spread rapidly into the night, demolishing 493 buildings and houses in the process.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Post-revolutionary period and early 19th century ===
{{Main|History of New York City (1784–1854)}}
[[File:Washington's_Inauguration.jpg|thumb|A portrait of the [[first inauguration of George Washington]] in 1789]]
In January 1785, the assembly of the [[Congress of the Confederation]] made New York City the national capital.&lt;ref&gt;[https://declaration.fas.harvard.edu/blog/january-superintending-1 &quot;January Highlight: Superintending Independence, Part 1&quot;], [[Harvard University]] Declaration Resources Project, January 4, 2017. Accessed December 29, 2023. &quot;From January 11, 1785 through 1789, the Congress of the Confederation met in New York City, at City Hall (which later became Federal Hall) and at Fraunces Tavern.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; New York was the last capital of the United States under the [[Articles of Confederation]] and the first under the [[Constitution of the United States|Constitution]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Post-Revolutionary War&quot;/&gt; As the capital, New York City hosted the inauguration of the first President, [[George Washington]], and the first [[United States Congress|Congress]], at [[Federal Hall]] on [[Wall Street]]. Congress drafted the [[United States Bill of Rights|Bill of Rights]] there.&lt;ref name=&quot;Post-Revolutionary War&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine |title=The People's Vote: President George Washington's First Inaugural Speech (1789) |url=https://www.usnews.com/usnews/documents/docpages/document_page11.htm |magazine=[[U.S. News &amp; World Report]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080925045133/http://www.usnews.com/usnews/documents/docpages/document_page11.htm |archive-date=September 25, 2008 |access-date=September 1, 2008 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Supreme Court of the United States|Supreme Court]] held its first organizational sessions in New York in 1790.

In 1790, for the first time, New York City surpassed [[Philadelphia]] as the nation's largest city. At the end of 1790, the national capital was [[Residence Act|moved to Philadelphia]].&lt;ref name=&quot;residence act&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Residence Act |url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Residence.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222110855/https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Residence.html |archive-date=February 22, 2017 |access-date=April 23, 2017 |work=Web Guides: Primary Documents in American History |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |first=Robert |last=Fortenbaugh |url=https://www.senate.gov/reference/reference_item/Nine_Capitals_of_the_United_States.htm |access-date=October 30, 2021 |title=The Nine Capitals of the United States |year=1948 |pages=9 |publisher=[[United States Senate]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

During the 19th century, New York City's population grew from 60,000 to 3.43&amp;nbsp;million.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Smil |first=Vaclav |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=52yuDwAAQBAJ |title=Growth: From Microorganisms to Megacities |publisher=[[The MIT Press]] |year=2019 |isbn=978-0-262-04283-3 |page=336 |author-link=Vaclav Smil }}&lt;/ref&gt; Under New York State's [[gradual emancipation (United States)|gradual emancipation]] act of 1799, children of slave mothers were to be eventually liberated but to be held in [[indentured servitude]] until their mid-to-late twenties.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Negro Slavery in New York&quot; ([[Laws of New York|L. 1799, Ch. 62]])&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Harper |first=Douglas |year=2003 |title=Emancipation in New York |url=http://www.slavenorth.com/nyemancip.htm |work=Slave North |access-date=February 6, 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Together with slaves freed by their masters after the Revolutionary War and escaped slaves, a significant free-Black population gradually developed in Manhattan. The [[New York Manumission Society]] worked for abolition and established the [[African Free School]] to educate Black children.&lt;ref name=&quot;Divided&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nydivided.org/VirtualExhibit/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414223102/http://www.nydivided.org/VirtualExhibit/ |title=New York Divided: Slavery and the Civil War Online Exhibit |publisher=New-York Historical Society (physical exhibit) |date=September 3, 2007 |access-date=May 10, 2012 |archive-date=April 14, 2012 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; It was not until 1827 that [[History of slavery in New York (state)|slavery was completely abolished in the state]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nyhistory.org/community/slavery-end-new-york-state When Did Slavery End in New York State?], [[New-York Historical Society]]. Accessed January 16, 2024. &quot;In 1799, New York passed a Gradual Emancipation act that freed slave children born after July 4, 1799, but indentured them until they were young adults. In 1817 a new law passed that would free slaves born before 1799 but not until 1827.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Free Blacks struggled with discrimination and interracial abolitionist activism continued. New York City's population jumped from 123,706 in 1820 (10,886 of whom were Black and of which 518 were enslaved) to 312,710 by 1840 (16,358 of whom were Black).&lt;ref name=Census1790to1990/&gt;
[[File:Hippolyte_Sebron_-_Rue_De_New-York_En_1840.jpg|alt=A painting of a snowy city street with horse-drawn sleds and a 19th-century fire truck under blue sky|thumb|[[Broadway (Manhattan)|Broadway]], which follows the Native American [[Wecquaesgeek]] Trail through Manhattan, 1840&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Shorto |first=Russell |date=February 9, 2004 |title=The Streets Where History Lives |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/09/opinion/the-streets-where-history-lives.html |access-date=June 19, 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Also in the 19th century, the city was transformed by both commercial and residential development relating to its status as a national and [[International trade|international trading center]], as well as by European immigration, respectively.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Rosenwaike |first=Ira |url=https://archive.org/details/populationhistor00irar |title=Population History of New York City |date=1972 |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8156-2155-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/populationhistor00irar/page/55 55] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; The city adopted the [[Commissioners' Plan of 1811]], which expanded the city [[Grid plan#Early United States|street grid]] to encompass almost all of Manhattan. The 1825 completion of the [[Erie Canal]] through [[central New York]] connected the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] port to the agricultural markets and commodities of the North American interior via the Hudson River and the [[Great Lakes]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Bridges |first=William |title=Map of the City Of New York And Island Of Manhattan With Explanatory Remarks And References |year=1811}}; Lankevich (1998), pp. 67–68.&lt;/ref&gt; Local politics became dominated by [[Tammany Hall]], a [[political machine]] supported by [[Irish diaspora|Irish]] and [[German diaspora|German immigrants]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Mushkat |first=Jerome |url=https://archive.org/details/fernandowoodpoli0000mush |title=Fernando Wood: A Political Biography |publisher=[[Kent State University Press]] |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-87338-413-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/fernandowoodpoli0000mush/page/36 36] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1831, [[New York University]] was founded.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Communications |first=NYU Web |title=A Brief History of New York University |url=http://www.nyu.edu/content/nyu/en/faculty/governance-policies-and-procedures/faculty-handbook/the-university/history-and-traditions-of-new-york-university/a-brief-history-of-new-york-university |access-date=March 8, 2024 |website=nyu.edu |language=en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Several prominent American literary figures lived in New York during the 1830s and 1840s, including [[William Cullen Bryant]], [[Washington Irving]], [[Herman Melville]], [[Rufus Wilmot Griswold]], [[John Keese]], [[Nathaniel Parker Willis]], and [[Edgar Allan Poe]]. Members of the business elite lobbied for the establishment of [[Central Park]], which in 1857 became the first [[Landscape design|landscaped park]] in an American city.&lt;ref&gt;Waxman, Sarah. [https://www.ny.com/articles/centralpark.html &quot;History of Central Park, New York&quot;], NY.com. Accessed January 16, 2024. &quot;New York's Central Park is the first urban landscaped park in the United States.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[Great Famine (Ireland)|Great Irish Famine]] brought a large influx of Irish immigrants, of whom more than 200,000 were living in New York by 1860, representing over a quarter of the city's population.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Cholera in Nineteenth Century New York |url=http://www.virtualny.cuny.edu/cholera/1866/cholera_1866_set.html |website=Virtual New York |publisher=[[City University of New York]] |access-date=October 31, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Extensive immigration from the German provinces meant that Germans comprised another 25% of New York's population by 1860.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harris&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Leslie M. |last=Harris |author-link=Leslie M. Harris |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TZx6A_M0yjQC |title=In the Shadow of Slavery: African Americans in New York City, 1626–1863 |date=2003 |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |isbn=9780226317755 |at=Excerpted from pages 279–288 |section=The New York City Draft Riots |section-url=http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/317749.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author1=M.G. Leonard |title=H. Doc. 29-54 - Paupers and criminals. Memorial of the Corporation of the City of New York, relative to the exportation from abroad of paupers and criminals. January 25, 1847. Read, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/SERIALSET-00499_00_00-043-0054-0000 |website=GovInfo.gov |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |access-date=June 22, 2023 |pages=8–9 |date=January 20, 1847 |quote='Leaving their homes,' [immigrants] say, 'with the brightest prospects,' alluring representations presented to them of the blessed state of American life, a few scanty coins in their pockets, though feeling in the enjoyment of rugged health, and surrounded by their young and innocent offspring, little did they imagine the trials to which they would be exposed; but at length they discover to their sorrow, and very natural discontent, that the foul steerage of some ocean-tossed ship is to form the filthy receptacle of persons, crowded too with hordes of human beings, with scarcely space enough to contain the half of them—certainly not more than the ''quarter'' of them ''comfortably''; and thus huddled together ''en masse'', they become the &quot;''emigrant passengers''&quot; destined to this country. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== American Civil War ===
{{Main|New York City in the American Civil War|History of New York City (1855–1897)}}
[[File:The Departure of the 7th Regiment.jpg|thumb|Departure of the [[7th New York Militia Regiment]] for the defense of Washington, D.C., April 19, 1861]]
[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] candidates were consistently elected to local office, increasing the city's ties to the South and its dominant party. In 1861, Mayor [[Fernando Wood]] called on the [[Alderman|aldermen]] to declare independence from Albany and the United States after the South seceded, but his proposal was not acted on.&lt;ref name=&quot;Divided&quot; /&gt; Anger at new [[military conscription]] laws during the [[American Civil War]] (1861–1865), which spared wealthier men who could afford to hire a substitute, led to the [[New York City draft riots|Draft Riots of 1863]], whose most visible participants were ethnic Irish working class.&lt;ref name=&quot;Divided&quot; /&gt;

The draft riots deteriorated into attacks on New York's elite, followed by attacks on Black New Yorkers after fierce competition for a decade between Irish immigrants and Black people for work. Rioters burned the Colored Orphan Asylum to the ground.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harris&quot; /&gt; At least 120 people were killed.&lt;ref name=&quot;McPherson&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=McPherson |first1=James M. |last2=Hogue |first2=James Keith |url=https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0077430352 |title=Ordeal by Fire: The Civil War and Reconstruction |publisher=[[McGraw-Hill Education]] |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-07-743035-1 |page=399 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleven Black men were lynched over five days, and the riots forced hundreds of Blacks to flee. The Black population in Manhattan fell below 10,000 by 1865. The White working class had established dominance.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harris&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;McPherson&quot; /&gt; It was one of the worst incidents of [[List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States|civil unrest in American history]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Cook |first=Adrian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QNkeBgAAQBAJ |title=The Armies of the Streets: The New York City Draft Riots of 1863 |year=1974 |pages=193–195 |publisher=[[University Press of Kentucky]] |isbn=9780813162553 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Late 19th and early 20th century ===
{{Main|History of New York City (1898–1945)|History of New York City (1946–1977)}}
[[File:Mulberry Street NYC c1900 LOC 3g04637u edit.jpg|thumb|Manhattan's [[Little Italy, Manhattan|Little Italy]] in the [[Lower East Side]], {{Circa|1900}}]]

In 1886, the [[Statue of Liberty]], a gift from [[France]], was dedicated in New York Harbor. The statue welcomed 14 million immigrants as they arrived via [[Ellis Island]] by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and is a symbol of the United States and American ideals of liberty and peace.&lt;ref name=&quot;Statue of Liberty UNESCO&quot;&gt;[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 Statue of Liberty], [[UNESCO]]. Accessed December 28, 2023. &quot;Inaugurated in 1886, the sculpture stands at the entrance to New York Harbour and has welcomed millions of immigrants to the United States ever since.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nps.gov/stli/learn/historyculture/the-immigrants-statue.htm The Immigrant's Statue], [[Statue of Liberty National Monument]]. Accessed December 28, 2023. &quot;Between 1886 and 1924, almost 14 million immigrants entered the United States through New York. The Statue of Liberty was a reassuring sign that they had arrived in the land of their dreams.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1898, the City of New York was formed with the [[City of Greater New York|consolidation]] of Brooklyn (until then a separate city), the County of New York (which then included parts of the Bronx), the County of Richmond, and the western portion of the County of Queens.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The 100 Year Anniversary of the Consolidation of the 5 Boroughs into New York City |url=http://nyc.gov/html/nyc100/html/classroom/hist_info/100aniv.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011221627/http://nyc.gov/html/nyc100/html/classroom/hist_info/100aniv.html |archive-date=October 11, 2007 |access-date=October 28, 2010 |website=NYC100 Centennial Celebration }}&lt;/ref&gt; The opening of the [[New York City Subway]] in 1904, first built as separate private systems, helped bind the new city together.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cudahy2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Brian J. |last=Cudahy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UfodzizzrfQC&amp;pg=PA2 |title=The New York Subway: Its Construction and Equipment : Interborough Rapid Transit, 1904 |publisher=[[Fordham University Press]] |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-8232-2401-2 |page=2 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Throughout the first half of the 20th century, the city became a world center for industry, commerce, and communication.&lt;ref name=&quot;Blake2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Angela M. |last=Blake |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v36fyM6qswYC&amp;pg=PT63 |title=How New York Became American, 1890–1924 |publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-8018-8874-8 |pages=63–66 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1904, the [[steamship]] ''[[PS General Slocum|General Slocum]]'' caught fire in the [[East River]], killing 1,021 people.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sheard1998&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Bradley |last=Sheard |url=https://archive.org/details/lostvoyagestwoce0000shea |title=Lost Voyages: Two Centuries of Shipwrecks in the Approaches to New York |publisher=Aqua Quest Publications, Inc. |year=1998 |isbn=978-1-881652-17-5 |page=[https://archive.org/details/lostvoyagestwoce0000shea/page/67 67] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1911, the [[Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire]], the city's worst industrial disaster, killed 146 garment workers and spurred the growth of the [[International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union]] and major improvements in factory safety standards.&lt;ref name=&quot;cornell1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The 1911 Triangle Factory Fire |url=https://trianglefire.ilr.cornell.edu/ |access-date=February 9, 2017 |publisher=Kheel Center, [[Cornell University]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Old_timer_structural_worker2.jpg|alt=A man working on a steel girder high about a city skyline.|thumb|A [[construction worker]] atop the [[Empire State Building]] during its construction in 1930. The [[Chrysler Building]] is visible to the right.]]

New York's non-White population was 36,620 in 1890.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Rosenwaike |first=Ira |url=https://archive.org/details/populationhistor00irar |title=Population History of New York City |date=1972 |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8156-2155-3 |at=Table 30 |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; New York City was a prime destination in the early 20th century for Blacks during the [[Great Migration (African American)|Great Migration]] from the American South, and by 1916, New York City had the largest urban [[African diaspora]] in North America.&lt;ref name=&quot;GatesHigginbotham2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Henry Louis Jr. |last1=Gates |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E_vRLcgEdGoC&amp;pg=PR7 |title=Harlem Renaissance Lives from the African American National Biography |first2=Evelyn Brooks |last2=Higginbotham |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-19-538795-7 |page=7 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Harlem Renaissance]] of literary and [[Culture of New York City|cultural life]] flourished during the era of [[Prohibition in the United States|Prohibition]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Roche2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Linda De |last=Roche |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cOGOCgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PR18 |title=The Jazz Age: A Historical Exploration of Literature: A Historical Exploration of Literature |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-61069-668-5 |pages=18–19 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The larger economic boom generated construction of skyscrapers competing in height.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Willis |first1=Carol |title=Form Follows Finance: Skyscrapers and Skylines in New York and Chicago |date=1995 |publisher=Princeton Architectural Press |location=New York |isbn=9781568980447 |pages=41, 85, 165 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

New York City became the most populous [[urban area#United States|urbanized area]] in the world in the early 1920s, overtaking [[London]]. The metropolitan area surpassed 10&amp;nbsp;million in the early 1930s, becoming the first [[megacity]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=New York Urbanized Area: Population &amp; Density from 1800 (Provisional) |url=http://www.demographia.com/db-nyuza1800.htm |access-date=July 8, 2009 |publisher=[[Demographia]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Great Depression]] saw the election of reformer [[Fiorello La Guardia]] as mayor and the fall of Tammany Hall after eighty years of political dominance.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Allen |first=Oliver E. |title=The Tiger—The Rise and Fall of Tammany Hall |publisher=[[Addison-Wesley Publishing Company]] |year=1993 |isbn=978-0-201-62463-2 |chapter=Chapter 9: The Decline |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/tigerrisefalloft00alle }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Returning [[World War II]] veterans created a post-war [[Business cycle|economic boom]] and the development of large [[housing tract]]s in eastern Queens and [[Nassau County, New York|Nassau County]], with Wall Street leading America's place as the world's dominant economic power. The [[United Nations headquarters]] was completed in 1952, solidifying New York's global [[geopolitical]] influence, and the rise of [[abstract expressionism]] in the city precipitated New York's displacement of Paris as the center of the art world.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Burns |first=Ric |date=August 22, 2003 |title=The Center of the World—New York: A Documentary Film (Transcript) |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/newyork/filmmore/pt.html |access-date=September 1, 2008 |publisher=PBS |archive-date=June 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623065806/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/newyork/filmmore/pt.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Late 20th and early 21st centuries ===
{{Main|History of New York City (1978–present)|September 11 attacks}}
[[File:Stonewall_Inn_5_pride_weekend_2016.jpg|alt=A two-story building with brick on the first floor, with two arched doorways, and gray stucco on the second floor off of which hang numerous rainbow flags.|thumb|[[Stonewall Inn]] in [[Greenwich Village]], the site of the June 1969 [[Stonewall riots]] and the cradle of the modern [[gay rights|LGBTQ+ rights]] movement&lt;ref name=&quot;GayGreenwichVillage1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first=Julia |last=Goicichea |date=August 16, 2017 |title=Why New York City Is a Major Destination for LGBT Travelers |url=https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/usa/new-york/articles/why-new-york-city-is-a-major-destination-for-lgbt-travelers/ |access-date=February 2, 2019 |publisher=The Culture Trip }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Workforce Diversity The Stonewall Inn, National Historic Landmark National Register Number: 99000562 |url=http://www.nps.gov/diversity/stonewall.htm |access-date=May 1, 2011 |publisher=[[National Park Service]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |first=Eli |last=Rosenberg |date=June 24, 2016 |title=Stonewall Inn Named National Monument, a First for the Gay Rights Movement |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/25/nyregion/stonewall-inn-named-national-monument-a-first-for-gay-rights-movement.html |access-date=June 25, 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

In 1969, the [[Stonewall riots]] were a series of violent protests by members of the [[LGBT community|gay community]] against a [[police raid]] that took place in the early morning of June 28, 1969, at the [[Stonewall Inn]] in [[Greenwich Village]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Murphy2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Timothy |last=Murphy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FeWMAQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA572 |title=Reader's Guide to Lesbian and Gay Studies |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-135-94234-2 |page=572 }}&lt;/ref&gt; They are widely considered to be the single most important event leading to the [[gay liberation]] movement&lt;ref name=&quot;GayGreenwichVillage1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KentuckyStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Brief History of the Gay and Lesbian Rights Movement in the U.S. |url=http://www.uky.edu/~lbarr2/gws250spring11_files/Page1186.htm |access-date=September 2, 2017 |publisher=[[University of Kentucky]] |archive-date=November 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191118054142/http://www.uky.edu/~lbarr2/gws250spring11_files/Page1186.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PinkNewsStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first=Nell |last=Frizzell |date=June 28, 2013 |title=Feature: How the Stonewall riots started the LGBT rights movement |url=http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2013/06/28/feature-how-the-stonewall-riots-started-the-gay-rights-movement/ |access-date=August 31, 2017 |publisher=[[PinkNews]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EncycloStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Stonewall-riots |title=Stonewall riots |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=August 31, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; and the modern fight for [[LGBT rights by country or territory|LGBT rights]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NPSStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=June 2016 |title=Civil Rights at Stonewall National Monument |url=https://www.nps.gov/places/stonewall.htm |access-date=August 31, 2017 |publisher=[[National Park Service]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ObamaStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Obama inaugural speech references Stonewall gay-rights riots |url=http://www.northjersey.com/news/2012_Presidential_Election/Obama_inaugural_speech_references_Stonewall_riots.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530065722/http://www.northjersey.com/news/2012_Presidential_Election/Obama_inaugural_speech_references_Stonewall_riots.html |date=January 21, 2013 |archive-date=May 30, 2013 |access-date=July 2, 2013 |publisher=[[North Jersey Media Group]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wayne R. Dynes]], author of the ''[[Encyclopedia of Homosexuality]]'', wrote that [[drag queen]]s were the only &quot;[[transgender]] folks around&quot; during the Stonewall riots. The transgender community in New York City played a significant role in fighting for LGBT equality.&lt;ref name=&quot;TransEqualityNYC&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first=Cristan |last=Williams |date=January 25, 2013 |title=So, what was Stonewall? |url=http://transadvocate.com/so-what-was-stonewall_n_8424.htm |access-date=March 28, 2017 |publisher=The TransAdvocate }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Ford to City.PNG|thumb|right|October 1975 ''[[New York Daily News]]'' front page on President Ford's refusal to help the city avert bankruptcy|upright]]
In the 1970s, job losses due to [[Deindustrialization|industrial restructuring]] caused New York City to suffer from economic problems and rising crime rates.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Tannenbaum |first=Allan |title=New York in the 70s: A Remembrance |url=http://digitaljournalist.org/issue0402/at_intro.html |date=February 2004 |access-date=December 18, 2011 |publisher=[[The Digital Journalist]] |archive-date=March 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320194616/http://digitaljournalist.org/issue0402/at_intro.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Growing fiscal deficits in 1975 led the city to appeal to the federal government for financial aid; President [[Gerald Ford]] gave a speech denying the request, which was paraphrased on the front page of the ''[[New York Daily News]]'' as &quot;FORD TO CITY: DROP DEAD.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[[Sam Roberts (journalist)|Roberts, Sam]]. [https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/28/nyregion/28veto.html &quot;Infamous 'Drop Dead' Was Never Said by Ford&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', December 28, 2006. Accessed February 20, 2024. &quot;Mr. Ford, on Oct. 29, 1975, gave a speech denying federal assistance to spare New York from bankruptcy. The front page of The Daily News the next day read: &quot;FORD TO CITY: DROP DEAD.&quot;... Moreover, the speech spurred New York's civic, business and labor leaders to rally bankers in the United States and abroad, who feared their own investments would be harmed if New York defaulted on its debt.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Municipal Assistance Corporation]] was formed and granted oversight authority over the city's finances.&lt;ref&gt;Chan, Sewell. [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/14/nyregion/felix-rohatyn-dead.html &quot;Felix G. Rohatyn, Financier Who Piloted New York's Rescue, Dies at 91&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', December 14, 2019. Accessed February 20, 2024. &quot;For nearly two decades, from 1975 to 1993, as chairman of the state-appointed Municipal Assistance Corporation, Mr. Rohatyn had a say, often the final one, over taxes and spending in the nation's largest city, a degree of influence for an unelected official that rankled some critics. His efforts to meld private profit with the public good defined him: In the perception of many his name was synonymous with two institutions — the M.A.C., which was hastily created in 1975 to save the city from insolvency, and Lazard (formerly Lazard Frères), the storied investment firm that started as a dry-goods business in New Orleans in 1848.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; While a resurgence in the financial industry greatly improved the city's economic health in the 1980s, New York's crime rate continued to increase through that decade and into the beginning of the 1990s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Effgen |first=Christopher |date=September 11, 2001 |title=New York Crime Rates 1960–2009 |url=http://www.disastercenter.com/crime/nycrime.htm |access-date=October 28, 2010 |publisher=Disastercenter.com }}&lt;/ref&gt;

By the mid-1990s, crime rates started to drop dramatically due to revised police strategies, improving economic opportunities, [[gentrification]], and new residents, both American transplants and new immigrants from Asia and Latin America.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}} New York City's population exceeded 8 million for the first time in the [[2000 United States census|2000 census]];&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nyc.gov/site/planning/planning-level/nyc-population/census-summary-2000.page Population - Decennial Census - Census 2000], [[New York City Department of City Planning]]. Accessed January 27, 2024. &quot;According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the population of New York City as of April 1, 2000, was 8,008,278, the largest enumerated census population in the city's history. The previous peak was in 1970, when the enumerated population stood at 7,894,862.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; further records were set in the [[2010 United States census|2010]] and [[2020 United States census|2020]] censuses.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nyc.gov/site/planning/planning-level/nyc-population/nyc-population.page Population], [[New York City Department of City Planning]]. Accessed January 27, 2024. &quot;The enumerated population of New York City's was 8,804,190 as of April 1, 2020, a record high population. This is an increase of 629,057 people since the 2010 Census.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Important new economic sectors, such as [[Silicon Alley]], emerged.&lt;ref name=&quot;Waller2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Irvin |last=Waller |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qQPGAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA38 |title=Smarter Crime Control |publisher=[[Rowman &amp; Littlefield]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-4422-2170-3 |page=38 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Explosion following the plane impact into the South Tower (WTC 2) - B6019~11.jpg|thumb|The [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)|World Trade Center]], in [[Lower Manhattan]], during the [[September 11 attacks]] in 2001]]

The year [[2000]] was celebrated with fanfare in [[Times Square]].&lt;ref name=NYC-Y2K&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/02/nyregion/year-2000-overview-2000-draws-rave-reviews-after-opening-night-night-jitters.html |title=THE YEAR 2000: THE OVERVIEW; 2000 Draws Rave Reviews After Opening Night Night Jitters |newspaper=The New York Times |date=January 6, 2000 |access-date=October 28, 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt; New York City suffered the bulk of the [[Economic effects of the September 11 attacks#New York City|economic damage]] and largest loss of human life in the aftermath of the [[September 11 attacks|September 11, 2001, attacks]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Dieterle2017&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=David A. |last=Dieterle |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LmphDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA396 |title=Economics: The Definitive Encyclopedia from Theory to Practice [4 volumes] |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |year=2017 |isbn=978-0-313-39708-0 |page=396 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Two of the four hijacked airliners were flown into the twin towers of the World Trade Center, resulting in the collapse of both buildings and the deaths of 2,753 people, including 343 first responders from the [[New York City Fire Department]] and 71 law enforcement officers.&lt;ref&gt;Nelson, Joshua Q. [https://www.foxnews.com/media/former-fdny-commissioner-firefighters-9-11 &quot;Former FDNY commissioner on losing 343 firefighters on 9/11: 'We had the best fire chiefs in the world'&quot;], ''[[Fox News]]'', September 11, 2021. Accessed January 30, 2024. &quot;Of the 2,753 people killed at the World Trade Center, 343 were first responders from the Fire Department of New York, while another 71 were law enforcement officers from 10 different agencies.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

[[World Trade Center site#Planning for the new World Trade Center|The area was rebuilt]] with a [[World Trade Center (2001–present)|new World Trade Center]], the [[National September 11 Memorial and Museum]], and other new buildings and infrastructure,&lt;ref name=&quot;Greenspan2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Elizabeth |last=Greenspan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DMHzmpTK5rYC&amp;pg=PA152 |title=Battle for Ground Zero: Inside the Political Struggle to Rebuild the World Trade Center |publisher=[[St. Martin's Press]]/[[Harvard University]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-137-36547-7 |page=152 }}&lt;/ref&gt; including the [[World Trade Center Transportation Hub]], the city's third-largest hub.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.panynj.gov/wtcprogress/transportation-hub.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103164156/https://old.panynj.gov/wtcprogress/transportation-hub.html |title=World Trade Center Transportation Hub |publisher=[[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey]] |access-date=February 9, 2017 |archive-date=January 3, 2020 |quote=The state-of-the-art World Trade Center Transportation Hub, completed in 2016, serves 250,000 Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) daily commuters and millions of annual visitors from around the world. At approximately 800,000 square feet, the Hub, designed by internationally acclaimed architect Santiago Calatrava, is the third-largest transportation center in New York City. |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The new One World Trade Center is the tallest skyscraper in the Western Hemisphere&lt;ref name=&quot;OneWTCtallest&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hetter |first1=Katia |last2=Boyette |first2=Chris |date=November 12, 2013 |title=It's official: One World Trade Center to be tallest U.S. skyscraper |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/11/12/travel/one-world-trade-center-tallest-us-building/index.html?hpt=hp_t2 |access-date=March 1, 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and the [[List of tallest buildings in the world|world's seventh-tallest building]] by [[pinnacle]] height, with its [[spire]] reaching a symbolic {{convert|1776|ft|m|1}}, a reference to the year of [[United States Declaration of Independence|American independence]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=New York City Skyscraper Diagram |url=http://skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?cityID=8 |access-date=January 22, 2013 |website=[[SkyscraperPage.com]] |publisher=Skyscraper Source Media }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=One World Trade Center |url=http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=7788 |access-date=February 9, 2017 |website=[[SkyscraperPage.com]] |publisher=Skyscraper Source Media |quote=The roof height is the same as original One World Trade Center. The building is topped out by a 124-meter (408-foot) spire. So the tower rises 1,776 feet (541-meter) which marks the year of the American declaration of Independence. }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Lesser |first=Benjamin |date=April 30, 2012 |title=It's official: 1 World Trade Center is now New York's tallest skyscraper |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/real-estate/official-1-wtc-new-york-new-tallest-building-article-1.1069925 |access-date=January 22, 2013 |work=[[New York Daily News|Daily News]] |location=New York }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[Occupy Wall Street]] protests in [[Zuccotti Park]] in the [[Financial District, Manhattan|Financial District]] of Lower Manhattan began on September 17, 2011, receiving global attention and popularizing the [[Occupy movement]] against [[Social inequality|social]] and [[economic inequality]] worldwide.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Joe |last=Nocera |author-link=Joe Nocera |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/15/opinion/nocera-two-days-in-september.html |title=Two Days in September |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 14, 2012 |access-date=May 6, 2017 |quote=On the left, that anger led, a year ago, to the rise of the Occupy Wall Street movement. Thus, Anniversary No. 2: Sept. 17, 2011, was the date Occupy Wall Street took over Zuccotti Park in Lower Manhattan, which soon led to similar actions in cities across the country. The movement's primary issue was income inequality—&quot;We are the 99 percent&quot;, they used to chant. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

New York City was [[Effects of Hurricane Sandy in New York|heavily impacted]] by [[Hurricane Sandy]] in October 2012, including flooding that led to the days-long shutdown of the subway system,&lt;ref&gt;Flegenheimer, Matt. [https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/31/nyregion/subways-may-be-shut-for-several-days-after-hurricane-sandy.html &quot;Flooded Tunnels May Keep City's Subway Network Closed for Several Days&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', October 30, 2012. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;As the remnants of Hurricane Sandy left the city on Tuesday, transit officials surveyed the damage to the system, which they shut down on Sunday night as a precaution. What they found was an unprecedented assault: flooded tunnels, battered stations and switches and signals likely damaged.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; and flooding of all [[East River]] subway tunnels and of all road tunnels entering Manhattan except the [[Lincoln Tunnel]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-112shrg81827/html/CHRG-112shrg81827.htm ''Superstorm Sandy: The Devastating Impact On The Nation's Largest Transportation Systems''], [[United States Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Surface Transportation, Maritime, Freight, and Ports]], December 6, 2012. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;The most damaging impact of the storm, from a transportation standpoint, was on the highway, transit, and rail tunnels in and out of Manhattan. All seven of the subway tunnels under the East River flooded, as did the Hudson River subway tunnel, the East River and Hudson River commuter rail tunnels, and the subway tunnels in lower Manhattan. Three of the four highway tunnels into Manhattan flooded, leaving only the Lincoln Tunnel open. While some subway service was restored three days after the storm, the PATH train service to the World Trade Center was only restored on November 26, four weeks after the storm, and subway service between the Rockaway peninsula and Howard Beach is not expected to be re-opened for months.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The New York Stock Exchange closed for two days due to weather for the first time since the [[Great Blizzard of 1888]].&lt;ref&gt;Strasburg, Jenny; Cheng, Jonathan; and Bunge, Jacob. [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970204789304578087131092892180 &quot;Behind Decision to Close Markets&quot;], ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'', October 29, 2012. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;Superstorm Sandy forced regulators and exchange operators to keep U.S. stock markets closed Tuesday, in the first weather-related shutdown to last more than one day since the Blizzard of 1888. The decision to close the New York Stock Exchange and other U.S. equity markets for a second straight day—reached by midafternoon Monday—renewed questions about the industry's disaster preparedness.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; At least 43 people died in New York City as a result of Sandy, and the economic losses in New York City were estimated to be roughly $19 billion.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-10-13/nyc-still-vulnerable-to-hurricanes-10-years-after-sandy &quot;NYC Still Vulnerable to Hurricanes 10 Years After Sandy&quot;], ''[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]'', October 13, 2022. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;Hurricane Sandy swept through New York City in October 2012, leading to 43 deaths and an estimated $19 billion in damages.... New York needs to step up its efforts and spend the $15 billion in federal grants that it received for recovery efforts, a new report by New York City Comptroller Brad Lander released on Thursday said.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The disaster spawned long-term efforts towards infrastructural projects to counter [[climate change]] and rising seas, with $15&amp;nbsp;billion in federal funding received through 2022 towards those resiliency efforts.&lt;ref name=ClimateResiliency2/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://comptroller.nyc.gov/reports/ten-years-after-sandy/ ''Ten Years After Sandy; Barriers to Resilience''], [[New York City Comptroller]] [[Brad Lander]], October 13, 2022. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;Of the $15 billion of federal grants appropriated for Sandy recovery and resilience, the City has spent $11 billion, or 73%, as of June 2022.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

In March 2020, the first case of [[Coronavirus disease 2019|COVID-19]] in the city was confirmed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=West |first=Melanie Grayce |date=March 1, 2020 |title=First Case of Coronavirus Confirmed in New York State |language=en-US |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/first-case-of-coronavirus-confirmed-in-new-york-state-11583111692 |access-date=July 10, 2020 |issn=0099-9660 }}&lt;/ref&gt; With its population density and extensive exposure to global travelers, the city rapidly replaced [[Wuhan]], China as the global epicenter of [[COVID-19 pandemic|the pandemic]] during the early phase, straining the city's healthcare infrastructure.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=August 2022 |title=When New York City was the COVID-19 pandemic epicenter: The impact on trauma care |journal=[[The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery]] |pmc=9322893 |quote=During early spring 2020, New York City (NYC) rapidly became the first US epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic. |last1=Liveris |first1=A. |last2=Stone Jr |first2=M. E. |last3=Markel |first3=H. |last4=Agriantonis |first4=G. |last5=Bukur |first5=M. |last6=Melton |first6=S. |last7=Roudnitsky |first7=V. |last8=Chao |first8=E. |last9=Reddy |first9=S. H. |last10=Teperman |first10=S. H. |last11=Meltzer |first11=J. A. |volume=93 |issue=2 |pages=247–255 |doi=10.1097/TA.0000000000003460 |pmid=35881035 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Robinson, David. [https://www.lohud.com/story/news/coronavirus/2020/03/27/how-new-york-city-became-coronavirus-pandemic-epicenter-what-know/2924735001/ &quot;COVID-19: How New York City became epicenter of coronavirus pandemic, what that means&quot;], ''[[The Journal News]]'', March 27, 2020. Accessed January 13, 2024. &quot;New York City's rise this month to become the new coronavirus pandemic's epicenter has far-reaching implications for communities statewide. Most pressing, the rapidly spreading virus that originated in Wuhan, China, threatens to overwhelm New York state's entire medical system, prompting a dire push for thousands of new hospital beds to treat infected New Yorkers. Further, the outbreak, which topped 44,600 confirmed cases statewide as of Friday, including 23,000 in New York City alone, is also devastating the entire state's economy and draining government coffers at all levels.... Why New York City's density, tourism made it vulnerable to coronavirus&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Through March 2023, New York City recorded [[COVID-19 pandemic in New York City|more than 80,000 deaths]] from COVID-19-related complications.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/us/new-york-covid-cases.html &quot;Tracking Coronavirus in New York: Latest Map and Case Count&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', March 23, 2023. Accessed January 13, 2024 &quot;Since the beginning of the pandemic, a total of 6,805,271 cases have been reported. At least 1 in 243 residents have died from the coronavirus, a total of 80,109 deaths.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

==جاگرافي==
[[فائل:Core of New York City by Sentinel-2.jpg|alt=|thumb|نيويارڪ شھر جو وچ جتي مينھٽن ٻيٽ واقع آهي]]
ھي شھر امريڪا جي اتر-اوڀر ۾ رياست، [[نيو يارڪ]] ۾، ھڊسن ندي جي [[ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] تي نيويارڪ بي ۾ ڇوڙ تي واقع آهي ۽ [[بوسٽن]] ۽ [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]] جي وچ ۾ واقع آهي. بوسٽن کان ھن شھر جو فاصلو &lt;small&gt;'''217'''&lt;/small&gt; ڪلوميٽر ۽ واشنگٽن ڊي سي کان &lt;small&gt;'''228'''&lt;/small&gt; ڪلوميٽر آهي.&lt;ref&gt;Washington, D.C. is {{convert|228|mi|km}} driving distance from New York, and Boston is {{convert|217|mi|km}} driving distance from New York.&amp;nbsp;– [https://maps.google.com/ Google Maps]&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://life.bio.sunysb.edu/marinebio/fc.1.estuaries.html |title=Information About the Hudson River Estuary |publisher=Life.bio.sunysb.edu |accessdate=August 20, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=nytimes&gt;{{cite news |first=Joseph |last=Berger |title=Reclaimed Jewel Whose Attraction Can Be Perilous |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/20/nyregion/20river.html|work=The New York Times |date=July 19, 2010 |accessdate=July 21, 2010}}
&lt;/ref&gt; آبادي ۾ اضافي ڪري ھن شھر جي ڪافي زمين سمنڊ مان ورتل آهي. ھيٺين مينھٽن جو علائقو، &quot;بيٽري پارڪ سٽي&quot; سمنڊ جي پاڻيءَ مان ورتل زمين تي جوڙيو ويو آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;gillespie-p71&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Gillespie |first=Angus K. |year=1999 |title=Twin Towers: The Life of New York City's World Trade Center |publisher=Rutgers University Press |page=71 |isbn=978-0-7838-9785-1}}&lt;/ref&gt; ڪل پکيڙ &lt;small&gt;'''{{convert|468.484|sqmi}}'''&lt;/small&gt; آهي، جنھن ۾ &lt;small&gt;'''{{convert|302.643|sqmi|abbr=on}}'''&lt;/small&gt; خشڪي ۽ &lt;small&gt;'''{{convert|165.841|sqmi|abbr=on}}'''&lt;/small&gt; پاڻي شامل آهن.&lt;ref name=&quot;CensusGazetteer&quot;&gt;[http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2010_place_list_36.txt New York State Gazetteer from 2010 United States Census], [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed February 9, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT Land Estimate&quot;&gt;{{cite news |work=The New York Times |title=It's Still a Big City, Just Not Quite So Big |first=Sam |last=Roberts |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/22/nyregion/22shrink.html |accessdate=May 22, 2008 |date=May 22, 2008}}
&lt;/ref&gt; شھر جو بلند ترين ھنڌ، &quot;مائونٽ ٽاڊٽ&quot; آهي جيڪو اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ ۾ واقع آهي جنھن جي اوچائي {{convert|409.8|ft}} آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Lundrigan |first=Margaret |title=Staten Island: Isle of the Bay, NY |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-7385-2443-6 |page=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن جبل جي چوٽيءَ تي ٻيلي جا وڻ آھن جيڪي اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ جي گرين بيلٽ جو حصو آھن.

== آباديات ==

== معيشت ==

== ثقافت ==

== انساني وسيلا ==

== ٽرانسپورٽ ==

== حڪومت ۽ سياست ==

== قابل ذڪر ماڻهو ==

== پڻ ڏسو ==

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
* {{Official website}}
* [http://www.nycgo.com/ NYC Go] – official tourism website
* [http://collections.mcny.org/ Collections] – 145,000 NYC photographs at the [[Museum of the City of New York]]
* {{cite web |title=The New New York Skyline (interactive) |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/new-york-city-skyline-tallest-midtown-manhattan/ |date=November 2015 |work=[[National Geographic]]}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Trenton, New Jersey]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Capital of the United States&lt;br /&gt;of America|years=1785–1791}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Philadelphia]], Pennsylvania}}
{{s-end}}

{{Subject bar |book=New York City | commons=yes |n=yes |wikt=yes |b=yes |q=yes |s=yes |v=yes |voy=yes |d=yes }}{{Portal bar|United States|New York|New York City|Geography|Cities}}{{authority control}}

[[زمرو:نيويارڪ شهر]]
[[زمرو:نيويارڪ رياست]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستون]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن ۾ وڏا شهر]]
[[زمرو:بندرگاهه وارا شهر]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا شھر]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن جا شهر]]
[[زمرو:نيويارڪ رياست جا شھر]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا بندرگاهه شھر]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن ۾ آباد ساحلي هنڌ]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن ۾ بندرگاهه وارا شهر]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن ۾ اڳوڻي راڄڌانيون]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن ۾ اڳوڻي رياستي راڄڌانيون]]
[[زمرو:وڏا شهر]]
[[Category:1624 establishments in North America]]
[[Category:1624 establishments in the Dutch Empire]]
[[Category:1898 establishments in New York (state)]]
[[Category:1898 establishments in New York City]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1624]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1898]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}</text>
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      <text bytes="102823" sha1="8rc1bvncjon1yxh235085vk8cd0inlu" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement &lt;!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --&gt;
| name                            = نيو يارڪ 
&lt;!--DO NOT change without discussion--&gt;
| official_name                   = &lt;!-- DO NOT add to this parameter without consensus --&gt;
| settlement_type   = شھر
| named_for                       = [[جيمز II(انگلينڊ)|جيمز، ڊيوڪ آف يارڪ]]
&lt;!-- images, nickname, motto ---&gt;| image_skyline                   = NYC Montage 2014 4 - Jleon.jpg
| imagesize                       = 305px
| image_caption  = گھڙيالي چڪر وانگر مٿان کان هيٺ:  وچ شھر وارو مينھٽن، ٽائمز اسڪوائر، يوني اسفيئر، بروڪلين پل، ھيٺيون مين ھيٽن [[ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر]] سميت، سينٽرل پارڪ، گڏيل قومن جو هيڊ ڪوارٽر ۽ آزادي جو مجسمو 
| image_flag = Flag of New York City.svg
| image_seal    = Seal of New York City (BW).svg
| image_blank_emblem    = NYC Logo Wolff Olins.svg
| blank_emblem_type   = [[ورڊ مارڪ]]
| nickname   = 
&lt;!-- maps and coordinates ------&gt;| image_map    = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=325|frame-height=325|zoom=9|frame-lat=40.782|frame-long=-73.965|type=shape-inverse|id=Q60|title=New York City}}
| mapsize       = 
| map_caption  = نيويارڪ شھر جو نقشو
| pushpin_map     = USA New York#USA#North America
| pushpin_relief          = 1
| pushpin_map_caption         = Location within the state of New York##Location within the United States##Location within North America
| pushpin_label      = نيو يارڪ شھر
| pushpin_label_position     = left
| coordinates                     = {{coord|40.7127|N|74.0059|W|region:US-NY|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint                   = &lt;!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) --&gt;
| coordinates_footnotes           = &lt;ref name=&quot;GR1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=April 23, 2011 |date=February 12, 2011 |title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!-- location ------------------&gt;| subdivision_type    =  [[ملڪ]]
| subdivision_name      = {{nowrap|{{flag|United States}}}}
| subdivision_type2  = [[آمريڪا|آمريڪا جي گڏيل رياستون]]
| subdivision_name2 = {{flag|New York}}
----
| subdivision_type3   = علائقو
| subdivision_name3    = مڊ ايٽلانٽڪ
| subdivision_type4    = ڪائونٽيون 
| subdivision_name4   = [[برونڪس]]  
&lt;br/&gt;بروڪلين&lt;br/&gt;مينھٽن&lt;br /&gt;ڪئينس&lt;br /&gt;اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ
----
| subdivision_type5     = ڪالوني 
| subdivision_name5    = نيو نيدر لينڊ &lt;br /&gt;نيويارڪ صوبو
&lt;!-- established ---------------&gt;| established_title  = قيام
| established_date     = 1624
| established_title1 = مختلف حصن کي گڏ ڪيو ويو
| established_date1    = 1898
| established_title2    = &lt;!-- Incorporated (city) --&gt;
 &lt;!-- government type, leaders --&gt;| government_footnotes            = &lt;ref name=&quot;MayorsOffice&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=the Mayor, New York City Office of |date=January 8, 2010 |url=http://www.nyc.gov/portal/site/nycgov/menuitem.e985cf5219821bc3f7393cd401c789a0/ |title=Biography |accessdate=January 8, 2010 |publisher=New York, City of |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100317115700/http://www.nyc.gov/portal/site/nycgov/menuitem.e985cf5219821bc3f7393cd401c789a0 |archivedate=March 17, 2010 |df=}}
&lt;/ref&gt;
| government_type     = ميئر-ڪائونسل
| governing_body   = نيو يارڪ ڪائونسل 
| leader_title     = ميئر
| leader_name  = بل ڊي بلاسيو (ڊيموڪريٽ)
&lt;!-- display settings ---------&gt;| total_type    = ڪل
| unit_pref    = Imperial 
&lt;!-- area ----------------------&gt;| area_footnotes  = &lt;ref name=&quot;GR1&quot; /&gt;
| area_total_sq_mi      = 468.484
| area_land_sq_mi   = 302.643
| area_water_sq_mi   = 165.841
| area_metro_sq_mi    = 13318
&lt;!-- elevation -----------------&gt;| elevation_footnotes     = &lt;ref name=&quot;GR3&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://geonames.usgs.gov |accessdate=January 31, 2008 |title=US Board on Geographic Names |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |date=June 23, 2018}} Search for feature ID 975772.&lt;/ref&gt;
| elevation_m      = 10
| elevation_ft    = 33
&lt;!-- population ----------------&gt;| population_rank    = پھريون نمبر وڏو شهر
| population_density_sq_mi    = {{#expr:8398748/302.643 round 0}}
| population_as_of   = [[2010 United States Census|2010]]
| population_total     = 8175133
| population_footnotes    = &lt;ref name=Census2010&gt;[https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/community_facts.xhtml Community Facts for New York city, New York] {{Webarchive|url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20150108070337/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml |date=2015-01-08 }}, [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed May 26, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_est    = 8398748
| pop_est_as_of         = 2018
| pop_est_footnotes     = &lt;ref name=2018Estimate /&gt;
| population_blank1_title    = [[Metropolitan statistical area|MSA (2018)]]
| population_blank1    = 1,99,79,477 
| population_blank2_title    = [[New York metropolitan area|CSA (2018)]]
| population_blank2     = 2,26,79,948  &lt;ref name=CombinedEst&gt;{{cite web |url=https://https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk
|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2018 – Combined Statistical Area; and for Puerto Rico – 2017 Population Estimates |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=April 27, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; ([[List of Combined Statistical Areas|1st]])
| population_demonym   = نيو يارڪر
| blank6_name    = جي ڊي پي (شھر جي، 2015ع)
| blank6_info  = 807 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=&quot;bea.gov&quot;&gt;https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gdp-county&lt;/ref&gt; (1st)
| blank7_name    = [[Gross metropolitan product|GMP]] (Metro, 2019)
| blank7_info   = 1.9  ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر 
&lt;!-- time zone(s) --------------&gt;| timezone1     = ايسٽرن ٽائيم زون
| utc_offset1     = −05:00
| timezone1_DST    =  ايسٽرن ٽائيم زون (اي ڊي ٽي)
| utc_offset1_DST       = −04:00
&lt;!-- postal codes, area code ---&gt;| postal_code_type     = زپ ڪوڊ 
| postal_code        = 100xx–104xx, 11004–05, 111xx–114xx, 116xx
| area_code   =  
212/646/332  /718/347/929 /917
&lt;!-- blank fields (section 1) --&gt;
| blank_name    = فيڊرل انفارميشن پراسيسنگ اسٽينڊرڊز
| blank_info       = 36-51000
| blank1_name     = جيوگرافڪ نيمز انفارميشن سسٽم فيچر شناخت
| blank1_info      = 975772
| blank2_name    = اھم ھوائي اڏا
| blank2_info   = جان ايف. ڪينيڊي انٽرنيشنل ايئرپورٽ، نيوآرڪ لبرٽي انٽرنيشنل ايئرپورٽ، لا گارڊيا ايئرپورٽ 
| blank4_name      = ڪميوٽر ريل
| blank4_info     = ايل ٽي آر ميٽرو نارٿ، اين جي ٽرانزٽ ريل آپريشن، ٽرانزٽ
| blank5_name    = ريپڊ ٽرانزٽ
| blank5_info    = نيو يارڪ شھر جي سب وي، اسٽيٽن آئلينڊ ريلوي، پئٿ ريلوي سسٽم
&lt;!-- blank fields (section 2) --&gt;| blank_name_sec2                 =  نيو يارڪ شھر جي پکيڙ ۾  وڏي ۾ وڏي ڪائونٽي 
| blank_info_sec2  =  ڪئينس
  – {{convert|109|sqmi|km2}}
| blank1_name_sec2  = آبادي ۾ وڏي ۾ وڏي ڪائونٽي 
| blank1_info_sec2    = بروڪلين (2,636,735 – 2015 est)&lt;ref name=BrooklynQuickFacts&gt;{{cite web |title=State &amp; County QuickFacts – Kings County (Brooklyn Borough), New York |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/36047.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=March 24, 2016 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160217175357/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/36047.html |archivedate=February 17, 2016 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| blank2_name_sec2  =  جي ڊي پي ۾ وڏي ۾ وڏي ڪائونٽي (2015)
| blank2_info_sec2   = مين ھيٽن – US$630 billion&lt;ref name=&quot;bea.gov&quot;/&gt;
| website   = [https://www.nyc.gov/ NYC.gov]
| population_density_km2    = auto
}}
''' نيو يارڪ شھر''' (&lt;small&gt;'''New York City'''&lt;/small&gt;) يا مختصر طور تي &quot;&lt;small&gt;'''NYC'''&lt;/small&gt;&quot; يا &quot;&lt;small&gt;'''NY'''&lt;/small&gt;&quot;، [[آمريڪا]] جو آبادي ۽ پکيڙ ۾ سڀ کان وڏو شھر آھي،&lt;ref name=2014NYCest2&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/22/nyregion/new-york-city-population.html |title=New York City’s Population Hits a Record 8.6 Million |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |accessdate=March 22, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; جنھن جي آبادي سال &lt;small&gt;'''2018'''&lt;/small&gt;ع ۾ '''&lt;small&gt;83,98,748&lt;/small&gt;''' ھئي.&lt;ref name=2018Estimate&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www1.nyc.gov/site/planning/data-maps/nyc-population/current-future-populations.page|title=NYC Population: Current and Projected Populations|website=www1.nyc.gov|access-date=2019-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھي شھر لڳ ڀڳ {{convert|302.6|sqmi|km2}} جي پکيڙ تي ڦهليل آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045216/3651000 Quick Facts for New York city, New York], [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed February 9, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/html/stormwater/index.shtml Stormwater] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170125025731/http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/html/stormwater/index.shtml|date=January 25, 2017}}, [[New York City Department of Environmental Protection]]. Accessed February 9, 2017. &quot;These impervious surfaces cover approximately 72% of New York City's 305 square miles in land area and generate a significant amount of stormwater.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; اھو آمريڪا جو سڀ کان گھاٽي آبادي وارو شھر پڻ آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;density2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.governing.com/blogs/by-the-numbers/most-densely-populated-cities-data-map.html|title=Mapping the Nation's Most Densely Populated Cities|author=Mike Maciag|date=October 2, 2013|publisher=Governing – The States and Localities|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827080100/http://www.governing.com/blogs/by-the-numbers/most-densely-populated-cities-data-map.html|archivedate=August 27, 2016|accessdate=August 27, 2016|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[فائل:New York World's Fair August 1964.jpeg|thumb|right|alt=A spherical sculpture and several attractions line a park during a World's Fair. |&lt;small&gt;ڪرونا پارڪ جتي يوني اسفيئر ڏيکاريل آهي&lt;/small&gt;]]
[[فائل:Statue of Liberty, NY.jpg|thumb|&lt;small&gt;ازادي جو مجسمو جيڪو لبرٽي ٻيٽ تي واقع آھي&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Statue of Liberty |work=World Heritage |publisher=UNESCO |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 |accessdate=July 18, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;]] ھي شھر دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏو ميٽروپوليٽن آهي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf|title=World Urban Areas|publisher=Demographia|year=2018|accessdate=March 27, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; ۽ دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏن آبادي وارن شھرن مان ھڪ آھي،&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.mongabay.com/cities_urban_01.htm |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091009143739/http://www.mongabay.com/cities_urban_01.htm |dead-url=yes |archive-date=October 9, 2009 |title=World's Largest Urban Areas [Ranked by Urban Area Population] |publisher=Rhett Butler |year=2003–2006 |accessdate=April 26, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.worldatlas.com/citypops.htm |title=Largest Cities of the World – (by metro population) |publisher=Woolwine-Moen Group d/b/a Graphic Maps |accessdate=April 26, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; جنھن جي آبادي سال 2018ع جي آدمشماري ۾ 1,99,79,477 ھئي. ھن کي دنيا جي معاشي طاقت وارو شھر پڻ چوندا آهن ۽ ھي الفا شھرن ۾ شامل آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.mori-m-foundation.or.jp/english/research/project/6/pdf/GPCI2009_English.pdf |title=Global Power City Index 2009 |publisher=The Mori Memorial Foundation |accessdate=June 1, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن کي ثقافتي شھر پڻ چوندا آهن،&lt;ref name=NYCWorld'sGreatestCity/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cultural2&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.iceland.is/iceland-abroad/us/nyc/cultural-affairs/ |title=Consulate General of Iceland New York Culture |publisher=Consulate General of Iceland New York |accessdate=July 1, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130205061848/http://www.iceland.is/iceland-abroad/us/nyc/cultural-affairs/ |archivedate=February 5, 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cultural3&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.latvia-newyork.org/english/ |title=Consulate of Latvia in New York |publisher=Consulate of Latvia |accessdate=July 1, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130208223706/http://www.latvia-newyork.org/english/ |archivedate=February 8, 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cultural4&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/Culture/intro.htm |title=Introduction to Chapter 14: New York City (NYC) Culture |publisher=The Weissman Center for International Business Baruch College/CUNY 2011 |accessdate=July 1, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130505181316/http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/culture/intro.htm |archivedate=May 5, 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;cultural5&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/371497 |title=New York, Culture Capital of the World, 1940–1965 / edited by Leonard Wallock ; essays by Dore Ashton&amp;nbsp;... [et al.] |publisher=National Library of Australia|accessdate=July 1, 2018|isbn=978-0-8478-0990-5 |year=1988 }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[وال اسٽريٽ]] (Wall Street)&lt;ref name=NYCDominantFinancialCenter&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-survey-markets/united-states-top-britain-second-in-financial-activity-think-tank-idUSKCN1LK2TM|title=United States top, Britain second in financial activity: think-tank|author=Huw Jones|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=September 4, 2018|accessdate=September 4, 2018|quote=Think-tank New Financial's study, which focuses on the “raw” value of actual domestic and international financial activity like managing assets and issuing equity, underscored the overall dominance of New York as the world's top financial center.|newspaper=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=WorldEconomicAndFinancialSuperCenter&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/top-8-cities-by-gdp-china-vs-the-us-2011-8 |title=Top 8 Cities by GDP: China vs. The U.S. |quote=For instance, Shanghai, the largest Chinese city with the highest economic production, and a fast-growing global financial hub, is far from matching or surpassing New York, the largest city in the U.S. and the economic and financial super center of the world. |publisher=Business Insider, Inc |date=July 31, 2011 |accessdate=July 1, 2018}}&lt;br /&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.thejobnetwork.com/new-york-city-the-financial-capital-of-the-world/ |title=New York City: The Financial Capital of the World |publisher=Pando Logic|accessdate=July 1, 2018|date=October 8, 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt; آمريڪا جو مالياتي ۽ نيو يارڪ شھر جو ميڊيا جو عالمي مرڪز آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.statista.com/chart/3299/new-york-is-the-worlds-media-capital/ |title=New York Is The World's Media Capital |author=Felix Richter |publisher=Statista |date=March 11, 2015 |accessdate=July 1, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NYCWorld'sMediaCapitalLargestPrideParade&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2017/05/first-nyc-pridefest-will-televised/ |title=ABC will broadcast New York's pride parade live for the first time |author=Dawn Ennis |publisher=LGBTQ Nation |date=May 24, 2017 |accessdate=September 26, 2018|quote=Never before has any TV station in the entertainment and news media capital of the world carried what organizer boast is the world's largest Pride parade live on TV.}}&lt;/ref&gt; نيو يارڪ واپار، تفريح، تحقيق، تعليم، ٽيڪنالاجي، سياست، سياحت، فن، فيشن ۽ راندين تي اھم اثر رکندڙ شھر آھي.&lt;ref name=&quot;FastPaceNYC1&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.fodors.com/world/north-america/usa/new-york/new-york-city/experiences/news/15-things-not-to-do-in-new-york-city|title=15 Things NOT to Do in New York City|author=Kelsy Chauvin|publisher=Fodor's|date=March 15, 2019|accessdate=March 23, 2019|quote=There are more than 8.6 million citizens of New York City, and they're pretty much all in a hurry. They're also shrewd, outspoken, and proudly able to survive in a metropolis that tends to punish the meek. The buzzing subway system alone is a symbol of how this city works: part ballet, part battlefield. Residents and visitors alike can see why New York is considered the greatest city in the world.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FastPaceNYC2&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Poliak |first=Shira |url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2009-11-19/features/0911180065_1_new-yorkers-fast-paced-big-apple |title=Adjusting To New York City |newspaper=Sun Sentinel |accessdate=November 1, 2015 |quote=Additionally, the fast-paced lifestyle of New York City demands adjusting. |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151203093200/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2009-11-19/features/0911180065_1_new-yorkers-fast-paced-big-apple |archivedate=December 3, 2015 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FastPaceNYC3&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/?id=tfsmDAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA50&amp;lpg=PA50&amp;dq=hurrying+feverish+electric+crowds+new+york#v=onepage&amp;q=hurrying%20feverish%20electric%20crowds%20new%20york&amp;f=false |title=Walking New York: Reflections of American Writers from Walt Whitman to Teju Cole |pages=46, 50, 131 |author=Stephen Miller |accessdate=May 10, 2017|isbn=978-0-8232-7425-3 |year=2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NewYorkMinuteDefinition&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/new%20york%20minute |title=Dictionary – Full Definition of ''New York Minute'|publisher=Merriam-Webster |accessdate=November 1, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھي شھر گڏيل قومن جي صدر مقام جو گهر پڻ آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[http://visit.un.org/content/plan-your-visit Plan your visit] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314234417/http://visit.un.org/content/plan-your-visit|date=March 14, 2017}}, [[United Nations]]. Accessed February 9, 2017. &quot;The Headquarters of the United Nations is located in New York City, along the East River. When you pass through the gates of the United Nations visitors' entrance, you enter an international territory. This 18-acre site does not belong to just one country, but to all countries that have joined the Organization; currently, the United Nations has 193 Member States.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ھي شھر بين الاقوامي سفارتڪاري جو پڻ مرڪز آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/ia/html/home/home.shtml |title=NYC Mayor's Office for International Affairs |publisher=The City of New York |accessdate=June 24, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150616080757/http://www.nyc.gov/html/ia/html/home/home.shtml |archivedate=June 16, 2015 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.digidiplomats.org/newyork/|title=Digital Diplomacy Coalition |publisher=Digital Diplomacy Coalition, New York|accessdate=August 11, 2018|quote=Established in 2014, DDC New York has partnered with the United Nations, major tech and social media companies, multiple governments, and NGOs to bring unique programs to the area community.}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن شھر جي بندرگاھه، نيويارڪ ھاربر دنيا جي وڏي ۾ وڏي قدرتي بندرگاھه آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/new-york-city/videos/new-york-harbor |title=New York City |publisher=A&amp;E Television Networks, LLC |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304110030/http://www.history.com/topics/new-york-city/videos/new-york-harbor |archivedate=March 4, 2016 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Port in a Storm: The Port of New York in World War II |url=http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/research_collections/research/history/hisportofnewyork.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429044423/http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/research_collections/research/history/hisportofnewyork.html |publisher=New York State Museum |accessdate=August 5, 2015 |archivedate=April 29, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[فائل:5 Boroughs Labels New York City Map.svg|thumb|upright=1.1|
نيويارڪ شھر جي پنج ڪائونٽيون:
{{legend|#4DAF4A|1.مين ھيٽن}}
{{legend|#FFFF33|2.بروڪلين}}
{{legend|#FF7F00|3.ڪئينس}}
{{legend|#E41A1C|4.برونڪس}}
{{legend|#984EA3|5.اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ}}|alt=A map with five insular regions of different colors.]]
ھي شھر پنج ضلعن يا ڪائونٽين تي مشتمل آهي. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/US_NYBOROUGHS.html |title=Boroughs of New York City |publisher=Ben Cahoon |year=2002 |access-date=October 5, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211145920/http://www.worldstatesmen.org/US_NYBOROUGHS.html |archivedate=February 11, 2012 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; جن جا نالا؛ بروڪلين، ڪئينس، مين ھيٽن، برونڪس ۽ اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ آھن جيڪي سال 1898ع ۾ ملائي ھڪ شھر ۾ تبديل ڪيا ويا.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.correctionhistory.org/html/chronicl/nycdoc/html/kbd_brnx.html |title=A 5-Borough Centennial Preface for Katharine Bement Davis Mini-History |publisher=The New York City Department of Correction |year=1997 |accessdate=October 26, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111023193440/http://www.correctionhistory.org/html/chronicl/nycdoc/html/kbd_brnx.html |archivedate=October 23, 2011 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; دنيا ۾ ارب پتي ماڻھن جو شھر سڏجندڙ ھي نيويارڪ سال 1624ع ۾ ھيٺين مينھٽن واري جاء تي &quot;ڊچ ريپلڪ&quot; جي ڪالوني ٺاھيندڙن قائم ڪيو ويو ۽ سال 1626ع ۾ کيس &quot;نيو ايمسٽرڊم&quot; جو نالو ڏنو ويو.&lt;ref name=&quot;u-s-history.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h2122.html |title=United States History – History of New York City, New York |accessdate=September 9, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; سال 1664ع ۾ اھو شھر ۽ ان جي چوڌاري واقع علائقا انگريزن جي قبضي ۾ آيا ۽ ان وقت جي برطانيا جي بادشاھه، [[چارلس ٻيون (انگلينڊ)|چارلس ٻئين]] اھو علائقو پنھنجي ڀاءُ [[جيمز ٻيون (انگلينڊ)|جيمز ٻئين، ڊيوڪ آف يارڪ]] کي ڏئي ڇڏيو جنھن ان شھر کي نيويارڪ جو نئون نالو ڏنو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm |title=Kingston: Discover 300 Years of New York History Dutch Colonies|publisher=National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior |accessdate=May 10, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; سال 1785ع کان 1790ع تائين ھي شھر [[آمريڪا]] جو گاديءَ جو هنڌ پڻ رھيو.&lt;ref name=senate&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.senate.gov/reference/reference_item/Nine_Capitals_of_the_United_States.htm |title=The Nine Capitals of the United States |publisher=[[United States Senate]] |accessdate=September 7, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; ۽ سال 1790ع کان وٺي ھي شھر ملڪ جو سڀ کان وڏو شھر رھندو آيو آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0027/tab01.txt |title=Rank by Population of the 100 Largest Urban Places, Listed Alphabetically by State: 1790–1990 |date=June 15, 1998 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=February 8, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; اوڻويھين ۽ ويھين صديءَ ۾ ھتي لکين ماڻھو لڏي آيا.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/statue-of-liberty |title=Statue of Liberty |publisher=A&amp;E Television Networks, LLC |accessdate=May 21, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن شھر ۾ لڳل مجسمو، &quot;اسٽيچو آف لبرٽي&quot; دنيا ۾ ملڪ جي امن ۽ آزادي جي ھڪ سڃاڻپ آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Statue of Liberty |work=World Heritage |publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre 1992–2011 |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 |accessdate=October 23, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

وال اسٽريٽ، مالي ضلعي، مئنهٽن ۾ بيٺل، نيو يارڪ شهر کي دنيا جو سڀ کان وڏو مالياتي ۽ فن ٽيڪ سينٽر ۽ دنيا جو سڀ کان وڌيڪ اقتصادي طور تي طاقتور شهر بڻائي ٿو. سال 2022ع تائين، نيو يارڪ ميٽروپوليٽن علائقو دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي ميٽروپوليٽن معيشت آهي، جنهن جي مجموعي ميٽروپوليٽن پيداوار 2.16 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر کان وڌيڪ آهي. نيو يارڪ ميٽروپوليٽن علائقي جي معيشت دنيا جي سڀني نون ملڪن کان وڏي آهي. چوويهه ڪلاڪ تيز ٽرانزٽ سسٽم هجڻ جي باوجود، نيو يارڪ شهري گاڏين جي ٽريفڪ جام ۾ دنيا جي اڳواڻي پڻ ڪري ٿو. هي شهر دنيا جي، انهن جي لسٽ ڪيل ڪمپنين جي مارڪيٽ سرمائيداري ذريعي، ٻن وڏين اسٽاڪ ايڪسچينج؛ نيو يارڪ اسٽاڪ ايڪسچينج (NYSE) ۽ نئسڊڪ (NASDAQ) جو گهر آهي. نيو يارڪ شهر عالمي سيڙپڪارن لاءِ قائم ڪيل محفوظ جنت آهي. سال 2023ع تائين، نيو يارڪ شھر، غير ملڪين لاءِ ۽ وڏي فرق سان ملڪ جي ڪنهن به شهر جي رهائشي ڪرائي جي لحاظ کان، دنيا جو سڀ کان مهانگو شهر  تي آهي ۽ پنجين ايونيو دنيا جي سڀ کان مهانگي شاپنگ اسٽريٽ آهي. نيو يارڪ شهر هڪ اهم فرق سان ارب پتي ماڻهن جي وڏي تعداد ۾، انتهائي اعليٰ خالص ماليت (ٽي ڪروڙ آمريڪي ڊالر کان وڌيڪ) ۽ دنيا جي ڪنهن به شهر کان وڏو ارب پتي ماڻهن جو گهر آهي. 

==نالو==
{{See_also|Nicknames of New York City}}
سال 1664ع ۾، نيويارڪ جو نالو ڊيوڪ آف يارڪ (بعد ۾ انگلينڊ جي بادشاهه جيمس ٻين) جي اعزاز ۾ رکيو ويو. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.qchron.com/editions/queenswide/new-amsterdam-becomes-new-york/article_dd6e910f-a882-5b2e-9771-a2caa1574e07.html|title=1664 New Amsterdam becomes New York Dutch rulers surrender to England|last=Badoe|first=Etta|date=November 11, 2015|publisher=[[Queens Chronicle]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170201120328/https://www.qchron.com/editions/queenswide/new-amsterdam-becomes-new-york/article_dd6e910f-a882-5b2e-9771-a2caa1574e07.html|archive-date=February 1, 2017|access-date=March 13, 2021|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; جيمس جو وڏو ڀاءُ، بادشاهه چارلس ٻيون، کيس نيو هالينڊ جي اڳوڻي علائقي جو مالڪ مقرر ڪيو، جنهن ۾ نيو ايمسٽرڊم جو شهر به شامل هو، جڏهن انگلينڊ جي بادشاهت ان کي ڊچ (ولنديزين) جي قبضي کان وٺي ڇڏيو.&lt;ref name=&quot;Archdeacon2013a2&quot;&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9bTxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT19|title=New York City, 1664–1710: Conquest and Change|last=Archdeacon|first=Thomas J.|publisher=[[Cornell University Press]]|year=2013|isbn=978-0-8014-6891-9|page=19|author-link1=Thomas J. Archdeacon}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

==تاريخ==
{{Main|History of New York City|Timeline of New York City}}
{{Further|History of Manhattan|Timeline of Brooklyn |Timeline of Queens|Timeline of the Bronx|Timeline of Staten Island}}

=== شروعاتي تاريخ ===
{{Main|نيو يارڪ جي تاريخ (ماقبل تاريخ کان 1664ع تائين)}}
پري-ڪولمبين دور ۾، اڄوڪي نيو يارڪ شهر جو علائقو Algonquians، جنهن ۾ Lenape به شامل هو، آباد هو. سندن وطن، جنهن کي Lenapehoking جي نالي سان سڃاتو وڃي ٿو، ان ۾ اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ، منهٽن، برونڪس، لانگ آئلينڊ جو الهندو حصو (بشمول بروڪلن ۽ ڪوئنز)، ۽ لوئر هڊسن وادي شامل آهن. نيو يارڪ هاربر ۾ پهريون دستاويزي دورو هڪ يورپين طرفان 1524 ۾ دريافت ڪندڙ Giovanni da Verrazzano پاران ڪيو ويو. هن فرانس لاءِ علائقي جي دعويٰ ڪئي ۽ ان جو نالو Nouvelle Angoulême رکيو. هڪ اسپيني مهم، جنهن جي اڳواڻي پورچوگالي ڪپتان ايسٽيو گومز ڪري رهيو هو، جيڪو شهنشاهه چارلس پنجين لاءِ سفر ڪري رهيو هو، جنوري 1525ع ۾ نيويارڪ هاربر تي پهتو ۽ هڊسن نديءَ جي وات جو نقشو چٽيو، جنهن جو نالو هن ريو ڊي سان انتونيو رکيو. 1609 ۾، انگريز محقق هينري هڊسن نيو يارڪ هاربر کي ٻيهر دريافت ڪيو، جڏهن ڊچ ايسٽ انڊيا ڪمپني لاء اتر اولهه طرف اوڀر طرف ڳولي رهيا هئا. هن ٻيڙيءَ تي چڙهيو، جنهن کي ڊچ نارٿ ريور (هاڻي هڊسن درياهه) سڏين ٿا، جنهن جو نالو هڊسن پهريون ڀيرو ماريشس جي نالي پٺيان موريس، پرنس آف نارنگي رکيو. هڊسن هن علائقي تي ڊچ ايسٽ انڊيا ڪمپنيءَ جي دعويٰ ڪئي. 1614 ۾، ڪيپ ڪوڊ ۽ ڊيلويئر بي جي وچ واري علائقي کي هالينڊ پاران دعوي ڪيو ويو ۽ نييو-نيدرلينڊ سڏيو ويو. نيو يارڪ شهر جو پهريون غير-آمريڪي رهواسي جوآن روڊريگيز هو، جيڪو سينٽو ڊومنگو جو هڪ واپاري هو، جيڪو 1613-14 جي سياري دوران منهٽن ۾ پهتو. 

the [[pre-Columbian era]], the area of present-day New York City was inhabited by [[Algonquian peoples|Algonquian]]s, including the [[Lenape]]. Their homeland, known as [[Lenapehoking]], included the present-day areas of [[Staten Island]], [[Manhattan]], [[the Bronx]], the western portion of [[Long Island]] (including [[Brooklyn]] and [[Queens]]), and the [[Lower Hudson Valley]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |first=Evan T. |last=Pritchard |year=2002 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c5hky9f5PgoC&amp;pg=PA27 |title=Native New Yorkers: The Legacy of the Algonquin people of New York |page=27 |publisher=Council Oak Books |isbn=1-57178-107-2 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The first documented visit into [[New York Harbor]] by a European was in 1524 by explorer [[Giovanni da&amp;nbsp;Verrazzano]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Debo2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Angie |last=Debo |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pLjYpwiuN_wC&amp;pg=PT28 |title=A History of the Indians of the United States |publisher=[[University of Oklahoma Press]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-0-8061-8965-9 |page=28 }}&lt;/ref&gt; He claimed the area for [[Kingdom of France|France]] and named it ''Nouvelle Angoulême'' (New [[Angoulême]]).&lt;ref name=&quot;rodgers&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rankin |first1=Rebecca B. |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.226262 |title=New York: The World's Capital City, Its Development and Contributions to Progress |last2=Rodgers |first2=Cleveland |publisher=[[Harper (publisher)|Harper]] |year=1948 }}&lt;/ref&gt; A Spanish expedition, led by the Portuguese captain [[Estêvão Gomes]] sailing for [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Charles&amp;nbsp;V]], arrived in New York Harbor in January 1525 and charted the mouth of the [[Hudson River]], which he named {{lang|es|Río de San Antonio}} ('Saint Anthony's River').&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author=WPA Writer's Project |title=A Maritime History of New York |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o08K8jlMI-IC |page=246 |publisher=Going Coastal Productions |year=2004 |isbn=0-9729803-1-8 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1609, the English explorer [[Henry Hudson]] rediscovered New York Harbor while searching for the [[Northwest Passage]] to the [[Orient]] for the [[Dutch East India Company]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Lankevich2002&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=George J. |last=Lankevich |url=https://archive.org/details/newyorkcity00geor |title=New York City: A Short History |publisher=[[NYU Press]] |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-8147-5186-2 |page=[https://archive.org/details/newyorkcity00geor/page/2 2] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; He sailed up what the Dutch called [[North River (Hudson River)|North River]] (now the Hudson River), named first by Hudson as the ''Mauritius'' after [[Maurice, Prince of Orange]].&lt;ref name=&quot;hudsonnni&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Hudson River |url=http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/history-and-heritage/digital-exhibitions/a-tour-of-new-netherland/hudson-river/ |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=[[New Netherland Institute]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Hudson claimed the region for the Dutch East India Company. In 1614, the area between [[Cape Cod]] and [[Delaware Bay]] was claimed by the Netherlands and called {{lang|nl|Nieuw-Nederland}} ('[[New Netherland]]'). The first non–Native American inhabitant of what became New York City was [[Juan (Jan) Rodriguez|Juan Rodriguez]], a merchant from [[Captaincy General of Santo Domingo|Santo Domingo]] who arrived in Manhattan during the winter of 1613–14, trapping for [[Fur|pelts]] and trading with the local population as a representative of the Dutch.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Roberts |first=Sam |date=October 2, 2012 |title=Honoring a Very Early New Yorker |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/10/02/honoring-a-very-early-new-yorker/ |access-date=October 28, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 14, 2013 |title=CUNY DSI Publishes Monograph on New York's First Immigrant |url=https://www.ccny.cuny.edu/news/juan-rodriguez-monograph |access-date=May 16, 2020 |publisher=[[The City College of New York]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dutch rule ===
{{Main|New Amsterdam|Fort Amsterdam|New Netherland}}
{{multiple image
| align             = right
| direction         = vertical
| width             = 220
| image1            = Stad Amsterdam in Nieuw Nederland (City Amsterdam in New Netherland) Castello Plan 1660.jpg
| caption1          = The [[Castello Plan]], a 1660 map of [[New Amsterdam]] in [[Lower Manhattan]]
| image2            = GezichtOpNieuwAmsterdam.jpg
| caption2          = [[New Amsterdam]], centered in what eventually became Lower Manhattan, in 1664, the year [[British colonization of the Americas|England]] took control and renamed it New York
}}

A permanent European presence near [[New York Harbor]] was established in 1624, making New York the [[List of North American settlements by year of foundation|12th-oldest continuously occupied]] European-established settlement in the [[continental United States]], with the founding of a Dutch [[Fur trade|fur trading]] settlement on [[Governors Island]]. In 1625, construction was started on a [[citadel]] and [[Fort Amsterdam]], later called ''Nieuw Amsterdam'' (New Amsterdam), on present-day Manhattan Island.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm Dutch Colonies], [[National Park Service]]. Retrieved May 19, 2007. &quot;Sponsored by the West India Company, 30 families arrived in North America in 1624, establishing a settlement on present-day Manhattan.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Tolerance&quot;&gt;[http://www.tolerancepark.org/id2.html GovIsland Park-to-Tolerance: through Broad Awareness and Conscious Vigilance], Tolerance Park. Retrieved February 9, 2017. See Legislative Resolutions Senate No. 5476 and Assembly No. 2708.&lt;/ref&gt;

The colony of New Amsterdam extended from the southern tip of Manhattan to modern-day [[Wall Street]], where a {{Convert|12|ft|adj=on}} wooden [[stockade]] was built in 1653 to protect against Native American and English raids.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/crash-selected-wall-street-chronology/ |title=Timeline: A selected Wall Street chronology |publisher=[[PBS]] |access-date=October 28, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1626, the Dutch colonial Director-General [[Peter Minuit]], as charged by the [[Dutch West India Company]], purchased the island of Manhattan from the ''Canarsie'', a small Lenape band,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |first1=Frederick M. |last1=Binder |first2=David M. |last2=Reimers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o08K8jlMI-IC |title=All the Nations Under Heaven: An Ethnic and Racial History of New York City |page=4 |year=1996 |isbn=0-231-07879-X |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; for &quot;the value of 60 [[Dutch guilder|guilders]]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.s4ulanguages.com/laet2.html |title=Pieter Schaghen Letter |year=1626 |quote=&quot;...&amp;nbsp;hebben t'eylant Manhattes van de wilde gekocht, voor de waerde van 60 gulden: is groot 11000 morgen.&amp;nbsp;...&quot; (&quot;...&amp;nbsp;They have purchased the Island Manhattes from the Indians for the value of 60 guilders. It is 11,000 morgens in size&amp;nbsp;...) |access-date=October 28, 2021 |website=S4ulanguages.com }}&lt;/ref&gt; (about $900 in 2018).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Value of the Guilder versus Euro |url=http://www.iisg.nl/hpw/calculate.php |access-date=July 25, 2019 |publisher=[[International Institute of Social History]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; A frequently told but disproved legend claims that Manhattan was purchased for $24 worth of glass beads.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Peter Schaghen Letter |url=http://www.nnp.org/nnp/documents/schagen_main.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101023083225/http://www.nnp.org/nnp/documents/schagen_main.html |archive-date=October 23, 2010 |access-date=October 28, 2010 |publisher=Nnp.org }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Miller |first1=Christopher L. |last2=Hamell |first2=George R. |date=September 1986 |title=A New Perspective on Indian-White Contact: Cultural Symbols and Colonial Trade |journal=[[The Journal of American History]] |volume=73 |issue=2 |pages=311–328 |doi=10.2307/1908224 |jstor=1908224 |issn=0021-8723 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Following the purchase, New Amsterdam grew slowly.&lt;ref name=&quot;npsnetherland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Dutch Colonies |url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=[[National Park Service]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; To attract settlers, the Dutch instituted the [[Patroon|patroon system]] in 1628, whereby wealthy Dutchmen (''patroons'', or patrons) who brought 50 colonists to New Netherland would be awarded land, local political autonomy, and rights to participate in the lucrative fur trade. This program had little success.&lt;ref name=&quot;locnetherland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Patroon System |url=http://frontiers.loc.gov/intldl/awkbhtml/kb-1/kb-1-2-2.html |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] |archive-date=March 19, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319082007/http://frontiers.loc.gov/intldl/awkbhtml/kb-1/kb-1-2-2.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Since 1621, the Dutch West India Company had operated as a [[monopoly]] in New Netherland, on authority granted by the [[States General of the Netherlands|Dutch States General]]. In 1639–1640, in an effort to bolster economic growth, the Dutch West India Company relinquished its monopoly over the fur trade, leading to growth in the production and trade of food, timber, tobacco, and slaves (particularly with the [[Netherlands Antilles|Dutch West Indies]]).&lt;ref name=&quot;npsnetherland&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nahcnetherland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Story of New Amsterdam |url=http://www.newamsterdamhistorycenter.org/bios/origins.html |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=New Amsterdam History Center }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1647, [[Peter Stuyvesant]] began his tenure as the last [[Director-General of New Amsterdam|Director-General]] of New Netherland. During his tenure, the population of New Netherland grew from 2,000 to 8,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Jacobs |first=Jaap |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vgnh3E5Mm0cC |title=The Colony of New Netherland: A Dutch Settlement in Seventeenth-Century America |publisher=[[Cornell University Press]] |year=2009 |page=32 |isbn=978-0801475160 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Eisenstadt |first1=Peter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tmHEm5ohoCUC&amp;q=New+Amsterdam+grew+from+under+2,000+to+8,000&amp;pg=PA1051 |title=The Encyclopedia of New York State |last2=Moss |first2=Laura-Eve |last3=Huxley |first3=Carole F. |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-8156-0808-0 |page=1051 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Stuyvesant has been credited with improving law and order; however, he earned a reputation as a [[despotism|despotic]] leader. He instituted regulations on liquor sales, attempted to assert control over the [[Dutch Reformed Church]], and blocked other religious groups from establishing houses of worship.&lt;ref name=&quot;nyhsstuyvesant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Peter Stuyvesant |url=http://www.nyhistory.org/peter-stuyvesant |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624011523/http://www.nyhistory.org/peter-stuyvesant |archive-date=June 24, 2016 |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[New-York Historical Society]] |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== English rule ===
{{Main|Province of New York|History of New York City (1665–1783)}}
{{multiple image
| align     = right
| direction = vertical
| width     = 220
| image1    = The fall of New Amsterdam cph.3g12217.jpg
| caption1  = ''[[The Fall of New Amsterdam]]'', painting by [[Jean Leon Gerome Ferris]], depicting the [[Conquest of New Netherland]]
| image2    = A_view_of_Fort_George_with_the_city_of_New_York,_from_the_SW.jpg
| caption2  = [[Fort Amsterdam|Fort George]] and New York with British warships, {{Circa|1731}}
}}

In 1664, unable to summon any significant resistance, Stuyvesant surrendered New Amsterdam to English troops, led by Colonel [[Richard Nicolls]], without bloodshed.&lt;ref name=&quot;nyhsstuyvesant&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nnistuyvesant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Peter Stuyvesant |url=http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/history-and-heritage/dutch_americans/peter-stuyvesant/ |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[New Netherland Institute]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; The terms of the surrender permitted Dutch residents to remain in the colony and allowed for religious freedom.&lt;ref name=&quot;lehrmanstuyvesant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The surrender of New Netherland, 1664 |url=http://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/early-settlements/resources/surrender-new-netherland-1664 |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1667, during negotiations leading to the [[Treaty of Breda (1667)|Treaty of Breda]] after the [[Second Anglo-Dutch War]], the victorious Dutch decided to keep the nascent plantation colony of what is now [[Suriname]], which they had gained from the English,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Treaty-of-Breda |title=Treaty of Breda |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=July 10, 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and in return the English kept New Amsterdam. The settlement was promptly renamed &quot;New York&quot; after the Duke of York (the future King James II and VII).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Homberger |first=Eric |title=The Historical Atlas of New York City: A Visual Celebration of 400 Years of New York City's History |publisher=Owl Books |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-8050-7842-8 |page=34 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The duke gave part of the colony to proprietors [[George Carteret]] and [[John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton|John Berkeley]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Miller |first=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=McEJCAAAQBAJ |title=James II (The English Monarchs Series) |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-300-08728-4 |pages=44–45 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

On August 24, 1673, during the [[Third Anglo-Dutch War]], [[Anthony Colve]] of the Dutch navy [[Dutch Raid on North America|seized New York]] at the behest of [[Cornelis Evertsen the Youngest]] and rechristened it &quot;New Orange&quot; after [[William III of England|William&amp;nbsp;III]], the [[Prince of Orange]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Roper2017&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=L. H. |last=Roper |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i8wnDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA215 |title=Advancing Empire |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-107-11891-1 |page=215 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The Dutch soon returned the island to England under the [[Treaty of Westminster (1674)|Treaty of Westminster]] of November 1674.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Van Luling |first=Todd |date=April 17, 2014 |title=8 Things Even New Yorkers Don't Know About New York City |work=[[HuffPost]] |url=https://huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/17/new-york-history-facts_n_5107337.html |access-date=September 13, 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Peter |last=Douglas |title=The Man Who Took Back New Netherland |url=http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/files/2813/5680/0659/Man_Who_Took_Back_NN.pdf |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[New Netherland Institute]] |archive-date=July 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708102432/http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/files/2813/5680/0659/Man_Who_Took_Back_NN.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Several intertribal wars among the Native Americans and [[epidemic]]s brought on by contact with the Europeans caused sizeable population losses for the Lenape between 1660 and 1670.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.penntreatymuseum.org/americans.php |title=Native Americans |publisher=Penn Treaty Museum |access-date=October 29, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; By 1700, the Lenape population had diminished to 200.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.gothamcenter.org/ &quot;Gotham Center for New York City History&quot;] Timeline 1700–1800&lt;/ref&gt; New York experienced several [[yellow fever]] epidemics in the 18th century, losing ten percent of its population in 1702 alone.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Pedro |last=Nogueira |url=http://jdc.jefferson.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&amp;context=yellow_fever_symposium |title=The Early History of Yellow Fever (PDF) |publisher=[[Thomas Jefferson University]] |year=2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/fever-timeline-yellow-fever-america/ |title=Timeline – Yellow Fever in America |publisher=[[Public Broadcasting Service]] (PBS) |access-date=October 30, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In the early 18th century, New York grew in importance as a [[port|trading port]] while as a part of the [[Province of New York|colony of New York]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Foote2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Thelma Wills |last=Foote |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cu4VfJPRsl4C&amp;pg=PA68 |title=Black and White Manhattan: The History of Racial Formation in Colonial New York City |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]], US |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-19-508809-0 |page=68 }}&lt;/ref&gt; It became a center of [[Slavery in the colonial United States|slavery]], with 42% of households enslaving Africans by 1730.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Oltman |first=Adele |date=October 24, 2005 |title=The Hidden History of Slavery in New York |url=http://www.thenation.com/article/hidden-history-slavery-new-york# |journal=[[The Nation]] |access-date=July 9, 2013 |archive-date=November 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191130043006/https://www.thenation.com/article/hidden-history-slavery-new-york/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Most were [[House slave|domestic slaves]]; others were hired out as labor. Slavery became integrally tied to New York's economy through the labor of slaves throughout the port, and the banking and shipping industries trading with the [[Southern United States|American South]]. During construction in [[Foley Square]] in the 1990s, the [[African Burying Ground]] was discovered; the cemetery included 10,000 to 20,000 graves of colonial-era Africans, some enslaved and some free.&lt;ref name=&quot;AsanteMazama2005&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Molefi Kete |last1=Asante |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RcBkDlJ7qjwC&amp;pg=PA33 |title=Encyclopedia of Black Studies |first2=Ama |last2=Mazama |first3=Marie-José |last3=Cérol |publisher=[[SAGE Publishing|SAGE]] |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-7619-2762-4 |page=33 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The 1735 trial and acquittal in Manhattan of [[John Peter Zenger]], who had been accused of [[seditious libel]] after criticizing [[List of colonial governors of New York|colonial governor]] [[William Cosby]], helped to establish [[freedom of the press]] in [[North America]].&lt;ref name=&quot;zenger&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Linder |first=Doug |year=2001 |title=The Trial of John Peter Zenger: An Account |url=http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/zenger/zengeraccount.html |publisher=[[University of Missouri–Kansas City]] |access-date=October 30, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1754, [[Columbia University]] was founded.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Moore |first=Nathaniel Fish |url=https://archive.org/details/anhistoricalske00univgoog |title=An Historical Sketch of Columbia College, in the City of New York, 1754–1876 |publisher=[[Columbia University]] |year=1876 |page=[https://archive.org/details/anhistoricalske00univgoog/page/n14 8] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== American Revolution ===
{{Further|American Revolution}}
[[File:BattleofLongisland.jpg|thumb|The [[Battle of Long Island]], one of the largest battles of the [[American Revolutionary War]], which took place in [[Brooklyn]] on August 27, 1776]]
The [[Stamp Act Congress]] met in New York in October 1765, as the [[Sons of Liberty]] organization emerged in the city and skirmished over the next ten years with British troops stationed there.&lt;ref name=&quot;BoyerClark2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Paul |last1=Boyer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O7NsCgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA100 |title=The Enduring Vision: A History of the American People, Volume 1: To 1877, Concise |first2=Clifford |last2=Clark |first3=Sandra |last3=Hawley |first4=Joseph |last4=Kett |first5=Andrew |last5=Rieser |publisher=[[Cengage Learning]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-111-78553-6 |page=100 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Battle of Long Island]], the largest battle of the [[American Revolutionary War]], was fought in August 1776 within modern-day Brooklyn.&lt;ref name=&quot;Reno2008&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Linda Davis |last=Reno |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KvhogpG5154C&amp;pg=PA3 |title=The Maryland 400 in the Battle of Long Island, 1776 |publisher=[[McFarland &amp; Company|McFarland]] |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-7864-5184-5 |page=3 }}&lt;/ref&gt; A British rout of the Continental Army at the [[Battle of Fort Washington]] in November 1776 eliminated the last American stronghold in Manhattan, causing [[George Washington]] and his forces to retreat across the Hudson River to [[New Jersey]], pursued by British forces.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/fort-washington Fort Washington], [[American Battlefield Trust]]. Accessed December 31, 2023. &quot;Fought on November 16, 1776 on the island of Manhattan, the Battle of Fort Washington was the final devastating chapter in General Washington's disastrous New York Campaign.... Seeing how precarious the American position was, Howe launched a three-pronged assault on Fort Washington and its outer defensive works. The combined British-Hessian assault force of 8,000 men grossly outnumbered the fort's 3,000 defenders.... At 3:00 P.M., after a fruitless attempt to gain gentler surrender terms for his men, Magaw surrendered Fort Washington and its 2,800 surviving defenders to the British.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Schenawolf, Harry. [https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/washingtons-retreat-across-new-jersey-a-british-fox-chase/ &quot;Washington's Retreat Across New Jersey: A British Fox Chase&quot;], Revolutionary War Journal, August 5, 2019. Accessed December 31, 2023.&lt;/ref&gt;

After the battle, in which the Americans were defeated, the British made the city their military and political base of operations in North America.&lt;ref&gt;[[Rohit Aggarwala|Aggarwala, Rohit T.]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/90018770 &quot;'I want a Packet to arrive': Making New York City the headquarters of British North America 1696-1783&quot;], ''New York History'', Winter 2017. Accessed December 29, 2023. &quot;One of New York City's key distinctions in the late colonial period was its role as the headquarters of the British Army in North America, almost continuously from 1755 to 1783.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The city was a haven for [[Loyalist (American Revolution)|Loyalist]] refugees and escaped slaves who joined the British lines for freedom promised by the [[British Crown|Crown]], with as many as 10,000 escaped slaves crowded into the city during the British occupation, the largest such community on the continent.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.amrevmuseum.org/revolution-stories/finding-freedom-deborah &quot;Finding Freedom: Deborah&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231230351/https://www.amrevmuseum.org/revolution-stories/finding-freedom-deborah|date=2023-12-31}}, [[Museum of the American Revolution]], May 4, 2018. Accessed December 31, 2023. &quot;They ran to the British Army which offered freedom to enslaved people owned by rebel masters based on the 1779 Philipsburg Proclamation issued by British General Henry Clinton. Historians estimate that 10,000 enslaved people sought freedom by escaping to the British during the Revolutionary War.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Goulet, L.; and Tsaltas-Otoomanelli, Mary. [https://www.gothamcenter.org/blog/black-loyalists-evaculation-zy4la &quot;Black Loyalists In The Evacuation Of New York City, 1783&quot;], [[The Gotham Center for New York City History]], November 15, 2023. Accessed December 31, 2023. &quot;By 1783, New York City had become the largest fugitive slave community in North America.... Free and self-emancipated Black people entered New York City during the British occupation seeking protection.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; When the British forces [[Evacuation Day (New York)|evacuated]] New York at the close of the war in 1783, they transported thousands of [[freedmen]] for resettlement in [[Nova Scotia]], England, and the [[Caribbean]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Hinks2007&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Peter P. |last=Hinks |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3UXQs0uO0VMC&amp;pg=PA508 |title=Encyclopedia of Antislavery and Abolition |publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]] |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-313-33144-2 |page=508 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The attempt at a peaceful solution to the war took place at the [[Conference House]] on Staten Island between American delegates, including [[Benjamin Franklin]], and British general [[Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe|Lord Howe]] on September 11, 1776.&lt;ref&gt;Mattera, John. [https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/conference-house-park/dailyplant/19934 Conference House Park The Daily Plant : Thursday, September 7, 2006], [[New York City Department of Parks and Recreation]]. Accessed December 29, 2023.&lt;/ref&gt; Shortly after the British occupation began, the [[Great Fire of New York (1776)|Great Fire of New York]] destroyed nearly 500 buildings, about a quarter of the structures in the city, including [[Trinity Church (New York City)|Trinity Church]].&lt;ref&gt;Trinity Church bicentennial celebration, May 5, 1897, By Trinity Church (New York, N.Y.) p. 37, ISBN 978-1-356-90825-7&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/disasters/fires-1776.html New York City (NYC) The Great Fire of 1776], [[Baruch College]]. Accessed December 29, 2023. &quot;The fire started in a wooden building near White Hall Slip, called the Fighting Cocks Tavern, a fun house visited by the city's most disreputable residents. It was fanned by winds south west of the city and spread rapidly into the night, demolishing 493 buildings and houses in the process.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Post-revolutionary period and early 19th century ===
{{Main|History of New York City (1784–1854)}}
[[File:Washington's_Inauguration.jpg|thumb|A portrait of the [[first inauguration of George Washington]] in 1789]]
In January 1785, the assembly of the [[Congress of the Confederation]] made New York City the national capital.&lt;ref&gt;[https://declaration.fas.harvard.edu/blog/january-superintending-1 &quot;January Highlight: Superintending Independence, Part 1&quot;], [[Harvard University]] Declaration Resources Project, January 4, 2017. Accessed December 29, 2023. &quot;From January 11, 1785 through 1789, the Congress of the Confederation met in New York City, at City Hall (which later became Federal Hall) and at Fraunces Tavern.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; New York was the last capital of the United States under the [[Articles of Confederation]] and the first under the [[Constitution of the United States|Constitution]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Post-Revolutionary War&quot;/&gt; As the capital, New York City hosted the inauguration of the first President, [[George Washington]], and the first [[United States Congress|Congress]], at [[Federal Hall]] on [[Wall Street]]. Congress drafted the [[United States Bill of Rights|Bill of Rights]] there.&lt;ref name=&quot;Post-Revolutionary War&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine |title=The People's Vote: President George Washington's First Inaugural Speech (1789) |url=https://www.usnews.com/usnews/documents/docpages/document_page11.htm |magazine=[[U.S. News &amp; World Report]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080925045133/http://www.usnews.com/usnews/documents/docpages/document_page11.htm |archive-date=September 25, 2008 |access-date=September 1, 2008 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Supreme Court of the United States|Supreme Court]] held its first organizational sessions in New York in 1790.

In 1790, for the first time, New York City surpassed [[Philadelphia]] as the nation's largest city. At the end of 1790, the national capital was [[Residence Act|moved to Philadelphia]].&lt;ref name=&quot;residence act&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Residence Act |url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Residence.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222110855/https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Residence.html |archive-date=February 22, 2017 |access-date=April 23, 2017 |work=Web Guides: Primary Documents in American History |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |first=Robert |last=Fortenbaugh |url=https://www.senate.gov/reference/reference_item/Nine_Capitals_of_the_United_States.htm |access-date=October 30, 2021 |title=The Nine Capitals of the United States |year=1948 |pages=9 |publisher=[[United States Senate]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

During the 19th century, New York City's population grew from 60,000 to 3.43&amp;nbsp;million.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Smil |first=Vaclav |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=52yuDwAAQBAJ |title=Growth: From Microorganisms to Megacities |publisher=[[The MIT Press]] |year=2019 |isbn=978-0-262-04283-3 |page=336 |author-link=Vaclav Smil }}&lt;/ref&gt; Under New York State's [[gradual emancipation (United States)|gradual emancipation]] act of 1799, children of slave mothers were to be eventually liberated but to be held in [[indentured servitude]] until their mid-to-late twenties.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Negro Slavery in New York&quot; ([[Laws of New York|L. 1799, Ch. 62]])&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Harper |first=Douglas |year=2003 |title=Emancipation in New York |url=http://www.slavenorth.com/nyemancip.htm |work=Slave North |access-date=February 6, 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Together with slaves freed by their masters after the Revolutionary War and escaped slaves, a significant free-Black population gradually developed in Manhattan. The [[New York Manumission Society]] worked for abolition and established the [[African Free School]] to educate Black children.&lt;ref name=&quot;Divided&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nydivided.org/VirtualExhibit/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414223102/http://www.nydivided.org/VirtualExhibit/ |title=New York Divided: Slavery and the Civil War Online Exhibit |publisher=New-York Historical Society (physical exhibit) |date=September 3, 2007 |access-date=May 10, 2012 |archive-date=April 14, 2012 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; It was not until 1827 that [[History of slavery in New York (state)|slavery was completely abolished in the state]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nyhistory.org/community/slavery-end-new-york-state When Did Slavery End in New York State?], [[New-York Historical Society]]. Accessed January 16, 2024. &quot;In 1799, New York passed a Gradual Emancipation act that freed slave children born after July 4, 1799, but indentured them until they were young adults. In 1817 a new law passed that would free slaves born before 1799 but not until 1827.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Free Blacks struggled with discrimination and interracial abolitionist activism continued. New York City's population jumped from 123,706 in 1820 (10,886 of whom were Black and of which 518 were enslaved) to 312,710 by 1840 (16,358 of whom were Black).&lt;ref name=Census1790to1990/&gt;
[[File:Hippolyte_Sebron_-_Rue_De_New-York_En_1840.jpg|alt=A painting of a snowy city street with horse-drawn sleds and a 19th-century fire truck under blue sky|thumb|[[Broadway (Manhattan)|Broadway]], which follows the Native American [[Wecquaesgeek]] Trail through Manhattan, 1840&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Shorto |first=Russell |date=February 9, 2004 |title=The Streets Where History Lives |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/09/opinion/the-streets-where-history-lives.html |access-date=June 19, 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Also in the 19th century, the city was transformed by both commercial and residential development relating to its status as a national and [[International trade|international trading center]], as well as by European immigration, respectively.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Rosenwaike |first=Ira |url=https://archive.org/details/populationhistor00irar |title=Population History of New York City |date=1972 |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8156-2155-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/populationhistor00irar/page/55 55] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; The city adopted the [[Commissioners' Plan of 1811]], which expanded the city [[Grid plan#Early United States|street grid]] to encompass almost all of Manhattan. The 1825 completion of the [[Erie Canal]] through [[central New York]] connected the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] port to the agricultural markets and commodities of the North American interior via the Hudson River and the [[Great Lakes]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Bridges |first=William |title=Map of the City Of New York And Island Of Manhattan With Explanatory Remarks And References |year=1811}}; Lankevich (1998), pp. 67–68.&lt;/ref&gt; Local politics became dominated by [[Tammany Hall]], a [[political machine]] supported by [[Irish diaspora|Irish]] and [[German diaspora|German immigrants]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Mushkat |first=Jerome |url=https://archive.org/details/fernandowoodpoli0000mush |title=Fernando Wood: A Political Biography |publisher=[[Kent State University Press]] |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-87338-413-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/fernandowoodpoli0000mush/page/36 36] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1831, [[New York University]] was founded.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Communications |first=NYU Web |title=A Brief History of New York University |url=http://www.nyu.edu/content/nyu/en/faculty/governance-policies-and-procedures/faculty-handbook/the-university/history-and-traditions-of-new-york-university/a-brief-history-of-new-york-university |access-date=March 8, 2024 |website=nyu.edu |language=en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Several prominent American literary figures lived in New York during the 1830s and 1840s, including [[William Cullen Bryant]], [[Washington Irving]], [[Herman Melville]], [[Rufus Wilmot Griswold]], [[John Keese]], [[Nathaniel Parker Willis]], and [[Edgar Allan Poe]]. Members of the business elite lobbied for the establishment of [[Central Park]], which in 1857 became the first [[Landscape design|landscaped park]] in an American city.&lt;ref&gt;Waxman, Sarah. [https://www.ny.com/articles/centralpark.html &quot;History of Central Park, New York&quot;], NY.com. Accessed January 16, 2024. &quot;New York's Central Park is the first urban landscaped park in the United States.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[Great Famine (Ireland)|Great Irish Famine]] brought a large influx of Irish immigrants, of whom more than 200,000 were living in New York by 1860, representing over a quarter of the city's population.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Cholera in Nineteenth Century New York |url=http://www.virtualny.cuny.edu/cholera/1866/cholera_1866_set.html |website=Virtual New York |publisher=[[City University of New York]] |access-date=October 31, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Extensive immigration from the German provinces meant that Germans comprised another 25% of New York's population by 1860.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harris&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Leslie M. |last=Harris |author-link=Leslie M. Harris |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TZx6A_M0yjQC |title=In the Shadow of Slavery: African Americans in New York City, 1626–1863 |date=2003 |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |isbn=9780226317755 |at=Excerpted from pages 279–288 |section=The New York City Draft Riots |section-url=http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/317749.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author1=M.G. Leonard |title=H. Doc. 29-54 - Paupers and criminals. Memorial of the Corporation of the City of New York, relative to the exportation from abroad of paupers and criminals. January 25, 1847. Read, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/SERIALSET-00499_00_00-043-0054-0000 |website=GovInfo.gov |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |access-date=June 22, 2023 |pages=8–9 |date=January 20, 1847 |quote='Leaving their homes,' [immigrants] say, 'with the brightest prospects,' alluring representations presented to them of the blessed state of American life, a few scanty coins in their pockets, though feeling in the enjoyment of rugged health, and surrounded by their young and innocent offspring, little did they imagine the trials to which they would be exposed; but at length they discover to their sorrow, and very natural discontent, that the foul steerage of some ocean-tossed ship is to form the filthy receptacle of persons, crowded too with hordes of human beings, with scarcely space enough to contain the half of them—certainly not more than the ''quarter'' of them ''comfortably''; and thus huddled together ''en masse'', they become the &quot;''emigrant passengers''&quot; destined to this country. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== American Civil War ===
{{Main|New York City in the American Civil War|History of New York City (1855–1897)}}
[[File:The Departure of the 7th Regiment.jpg|thumb|Departure of the [[7th New York Militia Regiment]] for the defense of Washington, D.C., April 19, 1861]]
[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] candidates were consistently elected to local office, increasing the city's ties to the South and its dominant party. In 1861, Mayor [[Fernando Wood]] called on the [[Alderman|aldermen]] to declare independence from Albany and the United States after the South seceded, but his proposal was not acted on.&lt;ref name=&quot;Divided&quot; /&gt; Anger at new [[military conscription]] laws during the [[American Civil War]] (1861–1865), which spared wealthier men who could afford to hire a substitute, led to the [[New York City draft riots|Draft Riots of 1863]], whose most visible participants were ethnic Irish working class.&lt;ref name=&quot;Divided&quot; /&gt;

The draft riots deteriorated into attacks on New York's elite, followed by attacks on Black New Yorkers after fierce competition for a decade between Irish immigrants and Black people for work. Rioters burned the Colored Orphan Asylum to the ground.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harris&quot; /&gt; At least 120 people were killed.&lt;ref name=&quot;McPherson&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=McPherson |first1=James M. |last2=Hogue |first2=James Keith |url=https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0077430352 |title=Ordeal by Fire: The Civil War and Reconstruction |publisher=[[McGraw-Hill Education]] |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-07-743035-1 |page=399 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleven Black men were lynched over five days, and the riots forced hundreds of Blacks to flee. The Black population in Manhattan fell below 10,000 by 1865. The White working class had established dominance.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harris&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;McPherson&quot; /&gt; It was one of the worst incidents of [[List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States|civil unrest in American history]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Cook |first=Adrian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QNkeBgAAQBAJ |title=The Armies of the Streets: The New York City Draft Riots of 1863 |year=1974 |pages=193–195 |publisher=[[University Press of Kentucky]] |isbn=9780813162553 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Late 19th and early 20th century ===
{{Main|History of New York City (1898–1945)|History of New York City (1946–1977)}}
[[File:Mulberry Street NYC c1900 LOC 3g04637u edit.jpg|thumb|Manhattan's [[Little Italy, Manhattan|Little Italy]] in the [[Lower East Side]], {{Circa|1900}}]]

In 1886, the [[Statue of Liberty]], a gift from [[France]], was dedicated in New York Harbor. The statue welcomed 14 million immigrants as they arrived via [[Ellis Island]] by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and is a symbol of the United States and American ideals of liberty and peace.&lt;ref name=&quot;Statue of Liberty UNESCO&quot;&gt;[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 Statue of Liberty], [[UNESCO]]. Accessed December 28, 2023. &quot;Inaugurated in 1886, the sculpture stands at the entrance to New York Harbour and has welcomed millions of immigrants to the United States ever since.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nps.gov/stli/learn/historyculture/the-immigrants-statue.htm The Immigrant's Statue], [[Statue of Liberty National Monument]]. Accessed December 28, 2023. &quot;Between 1886 and 1924, almost 14 million immigrants entered the United States through New York. The Statue of Liberty was a reassuring sign that they had arrived in the land of their dreams.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1898, the City of New York was formed with the [[City of Greater New York|consolidation]] of Brooklyn (until then a separate city), the County of New York (which then included parts of the Bronx), the County of Richmond, and the western portion of the County of Queens.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The 100 Year Anniversary of the Consolidation of the 5 Boroughs into New York City |url=http://nyc.gov/html/nyc100/html/classroom/hist_info/100aniv.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011221627/http://nyc.gov/html/nyc100/html/classroom/hist_info/100aniv.html |archive-date=October 11, 2007 |access-date=October 28, 2010 |website=NYC100 Centennial Celebration }}&lt;/ref&gt; The opening of the [[New York City Subway]] in 1904, first built as separate private systems, helped bind the new city together.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cudahy2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Brian J. |last=Cudahy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UfodzizzrfQC&amp;pg=PA2 |title=The New York Subway: Its Construction and Equipment : Interborough Rapid Transit, 1904 |publisher=[[Fordham University Press]] |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-8232-2401-2 |page=2 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Throughout the first half of the 20th century, the city became a world center for industry, commerce, and communication.&lt;ref name=&quot;Blake2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Angela M. |last=Blake |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v36fyM6qswYC&amp;pg=PT63 |title=How New York Became American, 1890–1924 |publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-8018-8874-8 |pages=63–66 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1904, the [[steamship]] ''[[PS General Slocum|General Slocum]]'' caught fire in the [[East River]], killing 1,021 people.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sheard1998&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Bradley |last=Sheard |url=https://archive.org/details/lostvoyagestwoce0000shea |title=Lost Voyages: Two Centuries of Shipwrecks in the Approaches to New York |publisher=Aqua Quest Publications, Inc. |year=1998 |isbn=978-1-881652-17-5 |page=[https://archive.org/details/lostvoyagestwoce0000shea/page/67 67] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1911, the [[Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire]], the city's worst industrial disaster, killed 146 garment workers and spurred the growth of the [[International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union]] and major improvements in factory safety standards.&lt;ref name=&quot;cornell1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The 1911 Triangle Factory Fire |url=https://trianglefire.ilr.cornell.edu/ |access-date=February 9, 2017 |publisher=Kheel Center, [[Cornell University]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Old_timer_structural_worker2.jpg|alt=A man working on a steel girder high about a city skyline.|thumb|A [[construction worker]] atop the [[Empire State Building]] during its construction in 1930. The [[Chrysler Building]] is visible to the right.]]

New York's non-White population was 36,620 in 1890.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Rosenwaike |first=Ira |url=https://archive.org/details/populationhistor00irar |title=Population History of New York City |date=1972 |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8156-2155-3 |at=Table 30 |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; New York City was a prime destination in the early 20th century for Blacks during the [[Great Migration (African American)|Great Migration]] from the American South, and by 1916, New York City had the largest urban [[African diaspora]] in North America.&lt;ref name=&quot;GatesHigginbotham2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Henry Louis Jr. |last1=Gates |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E_vRLcgEdGoC&amp;pg=PR7 |title=Harlem Renaissance Lives from the African American National Biography |first2=Evelyn Brooks |last2=Higginbotham |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-19-538795-7 |page=7 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Harlem Renaissance]] of literary and [[Culture of New York City|cultural life]] flourished during the era of [[Prohibition in the United States|Prohibition]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Roche2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Linda De |last=Roche |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cOGOCgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PR18 |title=The Jazz Age: A Historical Exploration of Literature: A Historical Exploration of Literature |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-61069-668-5 |pages=18–19 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The larger economic boom generated construction of skyscrapers competing in height.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Willis |first1=Carol |title=Form Follows Finance: Skyscrapers and Skylines in New York and Chicago |date=1995 |publisher=Princeton Architectural Press |location=New York |isbn=9781568980447 |pages=41, 85, 165 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

New York City became the most populous [[urban area#United States|urbanized area]] in the world in the early 1920s, overtaking [[London]]. The metropolitan area surpassed 10&amp;nbsp;million in the early 1930s, becoming the first [[megacity]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=New York Urbanized Area: Population &amp; Density from 1800 (Provisional) |url=http://www.demographia.com/db-nyuza1800.htm |access-date=July 8, 2009 |publisher=[[Demographia]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Great Depression]] saw the election of reformer [[Fiorello La Guardia]] as mayor and the fall of Tammany Hall after eighty years of political dominance.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Allen |first=Oliver E. |title=The Tiger—The Rise and Fall of Tammany Hall |publisher=[[Addison-Wesley Publishing Company]] |year=1993 |isbn=978-0-201-62463-2 |chapter=Chapter 9: The Decline |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/tigerrisefalloft00alle }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Returning [[World War II]] veterans created a post-war [[Business cycle|economic boom]] and the development of large [[housing tract]]s in eastern Queens and [[Nassau County, New York|Nassau County]], with Wall Street leading America's place as the world's dominant economic power. The [[United Nations headquarters]] was completed in 1952, solidifying New York's global [[geopolitical]] influence, and the rise of [[abstract expressionism]] in the city precipitated New York's displacement of Paris as the center of the art world.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Burns |first=Ric |date=August 22, 2003 |title=The Center of the World—New York: A Documentary Film (Transcript) |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/newyork/filmmore/pt.html |access-date=September 1, 2008 |publisher=PBS |archive-date=June 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623065806/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/newyork/filmmore/pt.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Late 20th and early 21st centuries ===
{{Main|History of New York City (1978–present)|September 11 attacks}}
[[File:Stonewall_Inn_5_pride_weekend_2016.jpg|alt=A two-story building with brick on the first floor, with two arched doorways, and gray stucco on the second floor off of which hang numerous rainbow flags.|thumb|[[Stonewall Inn]] in [[Greenwich Village]], the site of the June 1969 [[Stonewall riots]] and the cradle of the modern [[gay rights|LGBTQ+ rights]] movement&lt;ref name=&quot;GayGreenwichVillage1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first=Julia |last=Goicichea |date=August 16, 2017 |title=Why New York City Is a Major Destination for LGBT Travelers |url=https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/usa/new-york/articles/why-new-york-city-is-a-major-destination-for-lgbt-travelers/ |access-date=February 2, 2019 |publisher=The Culture Trip }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Workforce Diversity The Stonewall Inn, National Historic Landmark National Register Number: 99000562 |url=http://www.nps.gov/diversity/stonewall.htm |access-date=May 1, 2011 |publisher=[[National Park Service]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |first=Eli |last=Rosenberg |date=June 24, 2016 |title=Stonewall Inn Named National Monument, a First for the Gay Rights Movement |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/25/nyregion/stonewall-inn-named-national-monument-a-first-for-gay-rights-movement.html |access-date=June 25, 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

In 1969, the [[Stonewall riots]] were a series of violent protests by members of the [[LGBT community|gay community]] against a [[police raid]] that took place in the early morning of June 28, 1969, at the [[Stonewall Inn]] in [[Greenwich Village]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Murphy2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Timothy |last=Murphy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FeWMAQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA572 |title=Reader's Guide to Lesbian and Gay Studies |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-135-94234-2 |page=572 }}&lt;/ref&gt; They are widely considered to be the single most important event leading to the [[gay liberation]] movement&lt;ref name=&quot;GayGreenwichVillage1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KentuckyStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Brief History of the Gay and Lesbian Rights Movement in the U.S. |url=http://www.uky.edu/~lbarr2/gws250spring11_files/Page1186.htm |access-date=September 2, 2017 |publisher=[[University of Kentucky]] |archive-date=November 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191118054142/http://www.uky.edu/~lbarr2/gws250spring11_files/Page1186.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PinkNewsStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first=Nell |last=Frizzell |date=June 28, 2013 |title=Feature: How the Stonewall riots started the LGBT rights movement |url=http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2013/06/28/feature-how-the-stonewall-riots-started-the-gay-rights-movement/ |access-date=August 31, 2017 |publisher=[[PinkNews]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EncycloStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Stonewall-riots |title=Stonewall riots |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=August 31, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; and the modern fight for [[LGBT rights by country or territory|LGBT rights]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NPSStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=June 2016 |title=Civil Rights at Stonewall National Monument |url=https://www.nps.gov/places/stonewall.htm |access-date=August 31, 2017 |publisher=[[National Park Service]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ObamaStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Obama inaugural speech references Stonewall gay-rights riots |url=http://www.northjersey.com/news/2012_Presidential_Election/Obama_inaugural_speech_references_Stonewall_riots.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530065722/http://www.northjersey.com/news/2012_Presidential_Election/Obama_inaugural_speech_references_Stonewall_riots.html |date=January 21, 2013 |archive-date=May 30, 2013 |access-date=July 2, 2013 |publisher=[[North Jersey Media Group]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wayne R. Dynes]], author of the ''[[Encyclopedia of Homosexuality]]'', wrote that [[drag queen]]s were the only &quot;[[transgender]] folks around&quot; during the Stonewall riots. The transgender community in New York City played a significant role in fighting for LGBT equality.&lt;ref name=&quot;TransEqualityNYC&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first=Cristan |last=Williams |date=January 25, 2013 |title=So, what was Stonewall? |url=http://transadvocate.com/so-what-was-stonewall_n_8424.htm |access-date=March 28, 2017 |publisher=The TransAdvocate }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Ford to City.PNG|thumb|right|October 1975 ''[[New York Daily News]]'' front page on President Ford's refusal to help the city avert bankruptcy|upright]]
In the 1970s, job losses due to [[Deindustrialization|industrial restructuring]] caused New York City to suffer from economic problems and rising crime rates.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Tannenbaum |first=Allan |title=New York in the 70s: A Remembrance |url=http://digitaljournalist.org/issue0402/at_intro.html |date=February 2004 |access-date=December 18, 2011 |publisher=[[The Digital Journalist]] |archive-date=March 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320194616/http://digitaljournalist.org/issue0402/at_intro.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Growing fiscal deficits in 1975 led the city to appeal to the federal government for financial aid; President [[Gerald Ford]] gave a speech denying the request, which was paraphrased on the front page of the ''[[New York Daily News]]'' as &quot;FORD TO CITY: DROP DEAD.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[[Sam Roberts (journalist)|Roberts, Sam]]. [https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/28/nyregion/28veto.html &quot;Infamous 'Drop Dead' Was Never Said by Ford&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', December 28, 2006. Accessed February 20, 2024. &quot;Mr. Ford, on Oct. 29, 1975, gave a speech denying federal assistance to spare New York from bankruptcy. The front page of The Daily News the next day read: &quot;FORD TO CITY: DROP DEAD.&quot;... Moreover, the speech spurred New York's civic, business and labor leaders to rally bankers in the United States and abroad, who feared their own investments would be harmed if New York defaulted on its debt.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Municipal Assistance Corporation]] was formed and granted oversight authority over the city's finances.&lt;ref&gt;Chan, Sewell. [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/14/nyregion/felix-rohatyn-dead.html &quot;Felix G. Rohatyn, Financier Who Piloted New York's Rescue, Dies at 91&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', December 14, 2019. Accessed February 20, 2024. &quot;For nearly two decades, from 1975 to 1993, as chairman of the state-appointed Municipal Assistance Corporation, Mr. Rohatyn had a say, often the final one, over taxes and spending in the nation's largest city, a degree of influence for an unelected official that rankled some critics. His efforts to meld private profit with the public good defined him: In the perception of many his name was synonymous with two institutions — the M.A.C., which was hastily created in 1975 to save the city from insolvency, and Lazard (formerly Lazard Frères), the storied investment firm that started as a dry-goods business in New Orleans in 1848.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; While a resurgence in the financial industry greatly improved the city's economic health in the 1980s, New York's crime rate continued to increase through that decade and into the beginning of the 1990s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Effgen |first=Christopher |date=September 11, 2001 |title=New York Crime Rates 1960–2009 |url=http://www.disastercenter.com/crime/nycrime.htm |access-date=October 28, 2010 |publisher=Disastercenter.com }}&lt;/ref&gt;

By the mid-1990s, crime rates started to drop dramatically due to revised police strategies, improving economic opportunities, [[gentrification]], and new residents, both American transplants and new immigrants from Asia and Latin America.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}} New York City's population exceeded 8 million for the first time in the [[2000 United States census|2000 census]];&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nyc.gov/site/planning/planning-level/nyc-population/census-summary-2000.page Population - Decennial Census - Census 2000], [[New York City Department of City Planning]]. Accessed January 27, 2024. &quot;According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the population of New York City as of April 1, 2000, was 8,008,278, the largest enumerated census population in the city's history. The previous peak was in 1970, when the enumerated population stood at 7,894,862.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; further records were set in the [[2010 United States census|2010]] and [[2020 United States census|2020]] censuses.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nyc.gov/site/planning/planning-level/nyc-population/nyc-population.page Population], [[New York City Department of City Planning]]. Accessed January 27, 2024. &quot;The enumerated population of New York City's was 8,804,190 as of April 1, 2020, a record high population. This is an increase of 629,057 people since the 2010 Census.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Important new economic sectors, such as [[Silicon Alley]], emerged.&lt;ref name=&quot;Waller2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Irvin |last=Waller |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qQPGAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA38 |title=Smarter Crime Control |publisher=[[Rowman &amp; Littlefield]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-4422-2170-3 |page=38 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Explosion following the plane impact into the South Tower (WTC 2) - B6019~11.jpg|thumb|The [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)|World Trade Center]], in [[Lower Manhattan]], during the [[September 11 attacks]] in 2001]]

The year [[2000]] was celebrated with fanfare in [[Times Square]].&lt;ref name=NYC-Y2K&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/02/nyregion/year-2000-overview-2000-draws-rave-reviews-after-opening-night-night-jitters.html |title=THE YEAR 2000: THE OVERVIEW; 2000 Draws Rave Reviews After Opening Night Night Jitters |newspaper=The New York Times |date=January 6, 2000 |access-date=October 28, 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt; New York City suffered the bulk of the [[Economic effects of the September 11 attacks#New York City|economic damage]] and largest loss of human life in the aftermath of the [[September 11 attacks|September 11, 2001, attacks]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Dieterle2017&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=David A. |last=Dieterle |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LmphDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA396 |title=Economics: The Definitive Encyclopedia from Theory to Practice [4 volumes] |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |year=2017 |isbn=978-0-313-39708-0 |page=396 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Two of the four hijacked airliners were flown into the twin towers of the World Trade Center, resulting in the collapse of both buildings and the deaths of 2,753 people, including 343 first responders from the [[New York City Fire Department]] and 71 law enforcement officers.&lt;ref&gt;Nelson, Joshua Q. [https://www.foxnews.com/media/former-fdny-commissioner-firefighters-9-11 &quot;Former FDNY commissioner on losing 343 firefighters on 9/11: 'We had the best fire chiefs in the world'&quot;], ''[[Fox News]]'', September 11, 2021. Accessed January 30, 2024. &quot;Of the 2,753 people killed at the World Trade Center, 343 were first responders from the Fire Department of New York, while another 71 were law enforcement officers from 10 different agencies.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

[[World Trade Center site#Planning for the new World Trade Center|The area was rebuilt]] with a [[World Trade Center (2001–present)|new World Trade Center]], the [[National September 11 Memorial and Museum]], and other new buildings and infrastructure,&lt;ref name=&quot;Greenspan2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Elizabeth |last=Greenspan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DMHzmpTK5rYC&amp;pg=PA152 |title=Battle for Ground Zero: Inside the Political Struggle to Rebuild the World Trade Center |publisher=[[St. Martin's Press]]/[[Harvard University]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-137-36547-7 |page=152 }}&lt;/ref&gt; including the [[World Trade Center Transportation Hub]], the city's third-largest hub.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.panynj.gov/wtcprogress/transportation-hub.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103164156/https://old.panynj.gov/wtcprogress/transportation-hub.html |title=World Trade Center Transportation Hub |publisher=[[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey]] |access-date=February 9, 2017 |archive-date=January 3, 2020 |quote=The state-of-the-art World Trade Center Transportation Hub, completed in 2016, serves 250,000 Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) daily commuters and millions of annual visitors from around the world. At approximately 800,000 square feet, the Hub, designed by internationally acclaimed architect Santiago Calatrava, is the third-largest transportation center in New York City. |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The new One World Trade Center is the tallest skyscraper in the Western Hemisphere&lt;ref name=&quot;OneWTCtallest&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hetter |first1=Katia |last2=Boyette |first2=Chris |date=November 12, 2013 |title=It's official: One World Trade Center to be tallest U.S. skyscraper |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/11/12/travel/one-world-trade-center-tallest-us-building/index.html?hpt=hp_t2 |access-date=March 1, 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and the [[List of tallest buildings in the world|world's seventh-tallest building]] by [[pinnacle]] height, with its [[spire]] reaching a symbolic {{convert|1776|ft|m|1}}, a reference to the year of [[United States Declaration of Independence|American independence]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=New York City Skyscraper Diagram |url=http://skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?cityID=8 |access-date=January 22, 2013 |website=[[SkyscraperPage.com]] |publisher=Skyscraper Source Media }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=One World Trade Center |url=http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=7788 |access-date=February 9, 2017 |website=[[SkyscraperPage.com]] |publisher=Skyscraper Source Media |quote=The roof height is the same as original One World Trade Center. The building is topped out by a 124-meter (408-foot) spire. So the tower rises 1,776 feet (541-meter) which marks the year of the American declaration of Independence. }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Lesser |first=Benjamin |date=April 30, 2012 |title=It's official: 1 World Trade Center is now New York's tallest skyscraper |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/real-estate/official-1-wtc-new-york-new-tallest-building-article-1.1069925 |access-date=January 22, 2013 |work=[[New York Daily News|Daily News]] |location=New York }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[Occupy Wall Street]] protests in [[Zuccotti Park]] in the [[Financial District, Manhattan|Financial District]] of Lower Manhattan began on September 17, 2011, receiving global attention and popularizing the [[Occupy movement]] against [[Social inequality|social]] and [[economic inequality]] worldwide.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Joe |last=Nocera |author-link=Joe Nocera |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/15/opinion/nocera-two-days-in-september.html |title=Two Days in September |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 14, 2012 |access-date=May 6, 2017 |quote=On the left, that anger led, a year ago, to the rise of the Occupy Wall Street movement. Thus, Anniversary No. 2: Sept. 17, 2011, was the date Occupy Wall Street took over Zuccotti Park in Lower Manhattan, which soon led to similar actions in cities across the country. The movement's primary issue was income inequality—&quot;We are the 99 percent&quot;, they used to chant. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

New York City was [[Effects of Hurricane Sandy in New York|heavily impacted]] by [[Hurricane Sandy]] in October 2012, including flooding that led to the days-long shutdown of the subway system,&lt;ref&gt;Flegenheimer, Matt. [https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/31/nyregion/subways-may-be-shut-for-several-days-after-hurricane-sandy.html &quot;Flooded Tunnels May Keep City's Subway Network Closed for Several Days&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', October 30, 2012. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;As the remnants of Hurricane Sandy left the city on Tuesday, transit officials surveyed the damage to the system, which they shut down on Sunday night as a precaution. What they found was an unprecedented assault: flooded tunnels, battered stations and switches and signals likely damaged.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; and flooding of all [[East River]] subway tunnels and of all road tunnels entering Manhattan except the [[Lincoln Tunnel]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-112shrg81827/html/CHRG-112shrg81827.htm ''Superstorm Sandy: The Devastating Impact On The Nation's Largest Transportation Systems''], [[United States Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Surface Transportation, Maritime, Freight, and Ports]], December 6, 2012. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;The most damaging impact of the storm, from a transportation standpoint, was on the highway, transit, and rail tunnels in and out of Manhattan. All seven of the subway tunnels under the East River flooded, as did the Hudson River subway tunnel, the East River and Hudson River commuter rail tunnels, and the subway tunnels in lower Manhattan. Three of the four highway tunnels into Manhattan flooded, leaving only the Lincoln Tunnel open. While some subway service was restored three days after the storm, the PATH train service to the World Trade Center was only restored on November 26, four weeks after the storm, and subway service between the Rockaway peninsula and Howard Beach is not expected to be re-opened for months.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The New York Stock Exchange closed for two days due to weather for the first time since the [[Great Blizzard of 1888]].&lt;ref&gt;Strasburg, Jenny; Cheng, Jonathan; and Bunge, Jacob. [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970204789304578087131092892180 &quot;Behind Decision to Close Markets&quot;], ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'', October 29, 2012. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;Superstorm Sandy forced regulators and exchange operators to keep U.S. stock markets closed Tuesday, in the first weather-related shutdown to last more than one day since the Blizzard of 1888. The decision to close the New York Stock Exchange and other U.S. equity markets for a second straight day—reached by midafternoon Monday—renewed questions about the industry's disaster preparedness.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; At least 43 people died in New York City as a result of Sandy, and the economic losses in New York City were estimated to be roughly $19 billion.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-10-13/nyc-still-vulnerable-to-hurricanes-10-years-after-sandy &quot;NYC Still Vulnerable to Hurricanes 10 Years After Sandy&quot;], ''[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]'', October 13, 2022. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;Hurricane Sandy swept through New York City in October 2012, leading to 43 deaths and an estimated $19 billion in damages.... New York needs to step up its efforts and spend the $15 billion in federal grants that it received for recovery efforts, a new report by New York City Comptroller Brad Lander released on Thursday said.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The disaster spawned long-term efforts towards infrastructural projects to counter [[climate change]] and rising seas, with $15&amp;nbsp;billion in federal funding received through 2022 towards those resiliency efforts.&lt;ref name=ClimateResiliency2/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://comptroller.nyc.gov/reports/ten-years-after-sandy/ ''Ten Years After Sandy; Barriers to Resilience''], [[New York City Comptroller]] [[Brad Lander]], October 13, 2022. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;Of the $15 billion of federal grants appropriated for Sandy recovery and resilience, the City has spent $11 billion, or 73%, as of June 2022.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

In March 2020, the first case of [[Coronavirus disease 2019|COVID-19]] in the city was confirmed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=West |first=Melanie Grayce |date=March 1, 2020 |title=First Case of Coronavirus Confirmed in New York State |language=en-US |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/first-case-of-coronavirus-confirmed-in-new-york-state-11583111692 |access-date=July 10, 2020 |issn=0099-9660 }}&lt;/ref&gt; With its population density and extensive exposure to global travelers, the city rapidly replaced [[Wuhan]], China as the global epicenter of [[COVID-19 pandemic|the pandemic]] during the early phase, straining the city's healthcare infrastructure.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=August 2022 |title=When New York City was the COVID-19 pandemic epicenter: The impact on trauma care |journal=[[The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery]] |pmc=9322893 |quote=During early spring 2020, New York City (NYC) rapidly became the first US epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic. |last1=Liveris |first1=A. |last2=Stone Jr |first2=M. E. |last3=Markel |first3=H. |last4=Agriantonis |first4=G. |last5=Bukur |first5=M. |last6=Melton |first6=S. |last7=Roudnitsky |first7=V. |last8=Chao |first8=E. |last9=Reddy |first9=S. H. |last10=Teperman |first10=S. H. |last11=Meltzer |first11=J. A. |volume=93 |issue=2 |pages=247–255 |doi=10.1097/TA.0000000000003460 |pmid=35881035 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Robinson, David. [https://www.lohud.com/story/news/coronavirus/2020/03/27/how-new-york-city-became-coronavirus-pandemic-epicenter-what-know/2924735001/ &quot;COVID-19: How New York City became epicenter of coronavirus pandemic, what that means&quot;], ''[[The Journal News]]'', March 27, 2020. Accessed January 13, 2024. &quot;New York City's rise this month to become the new coronavirus pandemic's epicenter has far-reaching implications for communities statewide. Most pressing, the rapidly spreading virus that originated in Wuhan, China, threatens to overwhelm New York state's entire medical system, prompting a dire push for thousands of new hospital beds to treat infected New Yorkers. Further, the outbreak, which topped 44,600 confirmed cases statewide as of Friday, including 23,000 in New York City alone, is also devastating the entire state's economy and draining government coffers at all levels.... Why New York City's density, tourism made it vulnerable to coronavirus&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Through March 2023, New York City recorded [[COVID-19 pandemic in New York City|more than 80,000 deaths]] from COVID-19-related complications.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/us/new-york-covid-cases.html &quot;Tracking Coronavirus in New York: Latest Map and Case Count&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', March 23, 2023. Accessed January 13, 2024 &quot;Since the beginning of the pandemic, a total of 6,805,271 cases have been reported. At least 1 in 243 residents have died from the coronavirus, a total of 80,109 deaths.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

==جاگرافي==
[[فائل:Core of New York City by Sentinel-2.jpg|alt=|thumb|نيويارڪ شھر جو وچ جتي مينھٽن ٻيٽ واقع آهي]]
ھي شھر امريڪا جي اتر-اوڀر ۾ رياست، [[نيو يارڪ]] ۾، ھڊسن ندي جي [[ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] تي نيويارڪ بي ۾ ڇوڙ تي واقع آهي ۽ [[بوسٽن]] ۽ [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]] جي وچ ۾ واقع آهي. بوسٽن کان ھن شھر جو فاصلو &lt;small&gt;'''217'''&lt;/small&gt; ڪلوميٽر ۽ واشنگٽن ڊي سي کان &lt;small&gt;'''228'''&lt;/small&gt; ڪلوميٽر آهي.&lt;ref&gt;Washington, D.C. is {{convert|228|mi|km}} driving distance from New York, and Boston is {{convert|217|mi|km}} driving distance from New York.&amp;nbsp;– [https://maps.google.com/ Google Maps]&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://life.bio.sunysb.edu/marinebio/fc.1.estuaries.html |title=Information About the Hudson River Estuary |publisher=Life.bio.sunysb.edu |accessdate=August 20, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=nytimes&gt;{{cite news |first=Joseph |last=Berger |title=Reclaimed Jewel Whose Attraction Can Be Perilous |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/20/nyregion/20river.html|work=The New York Times |date=July 19, 2010 |accessdate=July 21, 2010}}
&lt;/ref&gt; آبادي ۾ اضافي ڪري ھن شھر جي ڪافي زمين سمنڊ مان ورتل آهي. ھيٺين مينھٽن جو علائقو، &quot;بيٽري پارڪ سٽي&quot; سمنڊ جي پاڻيءَ مان ورتل زمين تي جوڙيو ويو آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;gillespie-p71&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Gillespie |first=Angus K. |year=1999 |title=Twin Towers: The Life of New York City's World Trade Center |publisher=Rutgers University Press |page=71 |isbn=978-0-7838-9785-1}}&lt;/ref&gt; ڪل پکيڙ &lt;small&gt;'''{{convert|468.484|sqmi}}'''&lt;/small&gt; آهي، جنھن ۾ &lt;small&gt;'''{{convert|302.643|sqmi|abbr=on}}'''&lt;/small&gt; خشڪي ۽ &lt;small&gt;'''{{convert|165.841|sqmi|abbr=on}}'''&lt;/small&gt; پاڻي شامل آهن.&lt;ref name=&quot;CensusGazetteer&quot;&gt;[http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2010_place_list_36.txt New York State Gazetteer from 2010 United States Census], [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed February 9, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT Land Estimate&quot;&gt;{{cite news |work=The New York Times |title=It's Still a Big City, Just Not Quite So Big |first=Sam |last=Roberts |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/22/nyregion/22shrink.html |accessdate=May 22, 2008 |date=May 22, 2008}}
&lt;/ref&gt; شھر جو بلند ترين ھنڌ، &quot;مائونٽ ٽاڊٽ&quot; آهي جيڪو اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ ۾ واقع آهي جنھن جي اوچائي {{convert|409.8|ft}} آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Lundrigan |first=Margaret |title=Staten Island: Isle of the Bay, NY |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-7385-2443-6 |page=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن جبل جي چوٽيءَ تي ٻيلي جا وڻ آھن جيڪي اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ جي گرين بيلٽ جو حصو آھن.

== آباديات ==

== معيشت ==

== ثقافت ==

== انساني وسيلا ==

== ٽرانسپورٽ ==

== حڪومت ۽ سياست ==

== قابل ذڪر ماڻهو ==

== پڻ ڏسو ==

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
* {{Official website}}
* [http://www.nycgo.com/ NYC Go] – official tourism website
* [http://collections.mcny.org/ Collections] – 145,000 NYC photographs at the [[Museum of the City of New York]]
* {{cite web |title=The New New York Skyline (interactive) |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/new-york-city-skyline-tallest-midtown-manhattan/ |date=November 2015 |work=[[National Geographic]]}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Trenton, New Jersey]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Capital of the United States&lt;br /&gt;of America|years=1785–1791}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Philadelphia]], Pennsylvania}}
{{s-end}}

{{Subject bar |book=New York City | commons=yes |n=yes |wikt=yes |b=yes |q=yes |s=yes |v=yes |voy=yes |d=yes }}{{Portal bar|United States|New York|New York City|Geography|Cities}}{{authority control}}

[[زمرو:نيويارڪ شهر]]
[[زمرو:نيو يارڪ|نيويارڪ رياست]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستون]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن ۾ وڏا شهر]]
[[زمرو:بندرگاهه وارا شهر]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا شھر]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن جا شهر]]
[[زمرو:نيويارڪ رياست جا شھر]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا بندرگاهه شھر]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن ۾ آباد ساحلي هنڌ]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن ۾ بندرگاهه وارا شهر]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن ۾ اڳوڻي راڄڌانيون]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن ۾ اڳوڻي رياستي راڄڌانيون]]
[[زمرو:وڏا شهر]]
[[Category:1624 establishments in North America]]
[[Category:1624 establishments in the Dutch Empire]]
[[Category:1898 establishments in New York (state)]]
[[Category:1898 establishments in New York City]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1624]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1898]]

==حوالا==
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      <text bytes="102796" sha1="3gzsh6b1ssx44pe2924iwgoibptl6tx" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement &lt;!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --&gt;
| name                            = نيو يارڪ 
&lt;!--DO NOT change without discussion--&gt;
| official_name                   = &lt;!-- DO NOT add to this parameter without consensus --&gt;
| settlement_type   = شھر
| named_for                       = [[جيمز II(انگلينڊ)|جيمز، ڊيوڪ آف يارڪ]]
&lt;!-- images, nickname, motto ---&gt;| image_skyline                   = NYC Montage 2014 4 - Jleon.jpg
| imagesize                       = 305px
| image_caption  = گھڙيالي چڪر وانگر مٿان کان هيٺ:  وچ شھر وارو مينھٽن، ٽائمز اسڪوائر، يوني اسفيئر، بروڪلين پل، ھيٺيون مين ھيٽن [[ورلڊ ٽريڊ سينٽر]] سميت، سينٽرل پارڪ، گڏيل قومن جو هيڊ ڪوارٽر ۽ آزادي جو مجسمو 
| image_flag = Flag of New York City.svg
| image_seal    = Seal of New York City (BW).svg
| image_blank_emblem    = NYC Logo Wolff Olins.svg
| blank_emblem_type   = [[ورڊ مارڪ]]
| nickname   = 
&lt;!-- maps and coordinates ------&gt;| image_map    = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=325|frame-height=325|zoom=9|frame-lat=40.782|frame-long=-73.965|type=shape-inverse|id=Q60|title=New York City}}
| mapsize       = 
| map_caption  = نيويارڪ شھر جو نقشو
| pushpin_map     = USA New York#USA#North America
| pushpin_relief          = 1
| pushpin_map_caption         = Location within the state of New York##Location within the United States##Location within North America
| pushpin_label      = نيو يارڪ شھر
| pushpin_label_position     = left
| coordinates                     = {{coord|40.7127|N|74.0059|W|region:US-NY|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint                   = &lt;!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) --&gt;
| coordinates_footnotes           = &lt;ref name=&quot;GR1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |accessdate=April 23, 2011 |date=February 12, 2011 |title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}&lt;/ref&gt;
&lt;!-- location ------------------&gt;| subdivision_type    =  [[ملڪ]]
| subdivision_name      = {{nowrap|{{flag|United States}}}}
| subdivision_type2  = [[آمريڪا|آمريڪا جي گڏيل رياستون]]
| subdivision_name2 = {{flag|New York}}
----
| subdivision_type3   = علائقو
| subdivision_name3    = مڊ ايٽلانٽڪ
| subdivision_type4    = ڪائونٽيون 
| subdivision_name4   = [[برونڪس]]  
&lt;br/&gt;بروڪلين&lt;br/&gt;مينھٽن&lt;br /&gt;ڪئينس&lt;br /&gt;اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ
----
| subdivision_type5     = ڪالوني 
| subdivision_name5    = نيو نيدر لينڊ &lt;br /&gt;نيويارڪ صوبو
&lt;!-- established ---------------&gt;| established_title  = قيام
| established_date     = 1624
| established_title1 = مختلف حصن کي گڏ ڪيو ويو
| established_date1    = 1898
| established_title2    = &lt;!-- Incorporated (city) --&gt;
 &lt;!-- government type, leaders --&gt;| government_footnotes            = &lt;ref name=&quot;MayorsOffice&quot;&gt;{{cite web |author=the Mayor, New York City Office of |date=January 8, 2010 |url=http://www.nyc.gov/portal/site/nycgov/menuitem.e985cf5219821bc3f7393cd401c789a0/ |title=Biography |accessdate=January 8, 2010 |publisher=New York, City of |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100317115700/http://www.nyc.gov/portal/site/nycgov/menuitem.e985cf5219821bc3f7393cd401c789a0 |archivedate=March 17, 2010 |df=}}
&lt;/ref&gt;
| government_type     = ميئر-ڪائونسل
| governing_body   = نيو يارڪ ڪائونسل 
| leader_title     = ميئر
| leader_name  = بل ڊي بلاسيو (ڊيموڪريٽ)
&lt;!-- display settings ---------&gt;| total_type    = ڪل
| unit_pref    = Imperial 
&lt;!-- area ----------------------&gt;| area_footnotes  = &lt;ref name=&quot;GR1&quot; /&gt;
| area_total_sq_mi      = 468.484
| area_land_sq_mi   = 302.643
| area_water_sq_mi   = 165.841
| area_metro_sq_mi    = 13318
&lt;!-- elevation -----------------&gt;| elevation_footnotes     = &lt;ref name=&quot;GR3&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://geonames.usgs.gov |accessdate=January 31, 2008 |title=US Board on Geographic Names |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |date=June 23, 2018}} Search for feature ID 975772.&lt;/ref&gt;
| elevation_m      = 10
| elevation_ft    = 33
&lt;!-- population ----------------&gt;| population_rank    = پھريون نمبر وڏو شهر
| population_density_sq_mi    = {{#expr:8398748/302.643 round 0}}
| population_as_of   = [[2010 United States Census|2010]]
| population_total     = 8175133
| population_footnotes    = &lt;ref name=Census2010&gt;[https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/community_facts.xhtml Community Facts for New York city, New York] {{Webarchive|url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20150108070337/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml |date=2015-01-08 }}, [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed May 26, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_est    = 8398748
| pop_est_as_of         = 2018
| pop_est_footnotes     = &lt;ref name=2018Estimate /&gt;
| population_blank1_title    = [[Metropolitan statistical area|MSA (2018)]]
| population_blank1    = 1,99,79,477 
| population_blank2_title    = [[New York metropolitan area|CSA (2018)]]
| population_blank2     = 2,26,79,948  &lt;ref name=CombinedEst&gt;{{cite web |url=https://https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk
|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2018 – Combined Statistical Area; and for Puerto Rico – 2017 Population Estimates |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=April 27, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; ([[List of Combined Statistical Areas|1st]])
| population_demonym   = نيو يارڪر
| blank6_name    = جي ڊي پي (شھر جي، 2015ع)
| blank6_info  = 807 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=&quot;bea.gov&quot;&gt;https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gdp-county&lt;/ref&gt; (1st)
| blank7_name    = [[Gross metropolitan product|GMP]] (Metro, 2019)
| blank7_info   = 1.9  ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر 
&lt;!-- time zone(s) --------------&gt;| timezone1     = ايسٽرن ٽائيم زون
| utc_offset1     = −05:00
| timezone1_DST    =  ايسٽرن ٽائيم زون (اي ڊي ٽي)
| utc_offset1_DST       = −04:00
&lt;!-- postal codes, area code ---&gt;| postal_code_type     = زپ ڪوڊ 
| postal_code        = 100xx–104xx, 11004–05, 111xx–114xx, 116xx
| area_code   =  
212/646/332  /718/347/929 /917
&lt;!-- blank fields (section 1) --&gt;
| blank_name    = فيڊرل انفارميشن پراسيسنگ اسٽينڊرڊز
| blank_info       = 36-51000
| blank1_name     = جيوگرافڪ نيمز انفارميشن سسٽم فيچر شناخت
| blank1_info      = 975772
| blank2_name    = اھم ھوائي اڏا
| blank2_info   = جان ايف. ڪينيڊي انٽرنيشنل ايئرپورٽ، نيوآرڪ لبرٽي انٽرنيشنل ايئرپورٽ، لا گارڊيا ايئرپورٽ 
| blank4_name      = ڪميوٽر ريل
| blank4_info     = ايل ٽي آر ميٽرو نارٿ، اين جي ٽرانزٽ ريل آپريشن، ٽرانزٽ
| blank5_name    = ريپڊ ٽرانزٽ
| blank5_info    = نيو يارڪ شھر جي سب وي، اسٽيٽن آئلينڊ ريلوي، پئٿ ريلوي سسٽم
&lt;!-- blank fields (section 2) --&gt;| blank_name_sec2                 =  نيو يارڪ شھر جي پکيڙ ۾  وڏي ۾ وڏي ڪائونٽي 
| blank_info_sec2  =  ڪئينس
  – {{convert|109|sqmi|km2}}
| blank1_name_sec2  = آبادي ۾ وڏي ۾ وڏي ڪائونٽي 
| blank1_info_sec2    = بروڪلين (2,636,735 – 2015 est)&lt;ref name=BrooklynQuickFacts&gt;{{cite web |title=State &amp; County QuickFacts – Kings County (Brooklyn Borough), New York |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/36047.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=March 24, 2016 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160217175357/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/36/36047.html |archivedate=February 17, 2016 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| blank2_name_sec2  =  جي ڊي پي ۾ وڏي ۾ وڏي ڪائونٽي (2015)
| blank2_info_sec2   = مين ھيٽن – US$630 billion&lt;ref name=&quot;bea.gov&quot;/&gt;
| website   = [https://www.nyc.gov/ NYC.gov]
| population_density_km2    = auto
}}
''' نيو يارڪ شھر''' (&lt;small&gt;'''New York City'''&lt;/small&gt;) يا مختصر طور تي &quot;&lt;small&gt;'''NYC'''&lt;/small&gt;&quot; يا &quot;&lt;small&gt;'''NY'''&lt;/small&gt;&quot;، [[آمريڪا]] جو آبادي ۽ پکيڙ ۾ سڀ کان وڏو شھر آھي،&lt;ref name=2014NYCest2&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/22/nyregion/new-york-city-population.html |title=New York City’s Population Hits a Record 8.6 Million |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |accessdate=March 22, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; جنھن جي آبادي سال &lt;small&gt;'''2018'''&lt;/small&gt;ع ۾ '''&lt;small&gt;83,98,748&lt;/small&gt;''' ھئي.&lt;ref name=2018Estimate&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www1.nyc.gov/site/planning/data-maps/nyc-population/current-future-populations.page|title=NYC Population: Current and Projected Populations|website=www1.nyc.gov|access-date=2019-05-02}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھي شھر لڳ ڀڳ {{convert|302.6|sqmi|km2}} جي پکيڙ تي ڦهليل آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045216/3651000 Quick Facts for New York city, New York], [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed February 9, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/html/stormwater/index.shtml Stormwater] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170125025731/http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/html/stormwater/index.shtml|date=January 25, 2017}}, [[New York City Department of Environmental Protection]]. Accessed February 9, 2017. &quot;These impervious surfaces cover approximately 72% of New York City's 305 square miles in land area and generate a significant amount of stormwater.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; اھو آمريڪا جو سڀ کان گھاٽي آبادي وارو شھر پڻ آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;density2&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.governing.com/blogs/by-the-numbers/most-densely-populated-cities-data-map.html|title=Mapping the Nation's Most Densely Populated Cities|author=Mike Maciag|date=October 2, 2013|publisher=Governing – The States and Localities|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827080100/http://www.governing.com/blogs/by-the-numbers/most-densely-populated-cities-data-map.html|archivedate=August 27, 2016|accessdate=August 27, 2016|df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[فائل:New York World's Fair August 1964.jpeg|thumb|right|alt=A spherical sculpture and several attractions line a park during a World's Fair. |&lt;small&gt;ڪرونا پارڪ جتي يوني اسفيئر ڏيکاريل آهي&lt;/small&gt;]]
[[فائل:Statue of Liberty, NY.jpg|thumb|&lt;small&gt;ازادي جو مجسمو جيڪو لبرٽي ٻيٽ تي واقع آھي&lt;/small&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Statue of Liberty |work=World Heritage |publisher=UNESCO |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 |accessdate=July 18, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;]] ھي شھر دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏو ميٽروپوليٽن آهي&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf|title=World Urban Areas|publisher=Demographia|year=2018|accessdate=March 27, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt; ۽ دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏن آبادي وارن شھرن مان ھڪ آھي،&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.mongabay.com/cities_urban_01.htm |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091009143739/http://www.mongabay.com/cities_urban_01.htm |dead-url=yes |archive-date=October 9, 2009 |title=World's Largest Urban Areas [Ranked by Urban Area Population] |publisher=Rhett Butler |year=2003–2006 |accessdate=April 26, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.worldatlas.com/citypops.htm |title=Largest Cities of the World – (by metro population) |publisher=Woolwine-Moen Group d/b/a Graphic Maps |accessdate=April 26, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; جنھن جي آبادي سال 2018ع جي آدمشماري ۾ 1,99,79,477 ھئي. ھن کي دنيا جي معاشي طاقت وارو شھر پڻ چوندا آهن ۽ ھي الفا شھرن ۾ شامل آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.mori-m-foundation.or.jp/english/research/project/6/pdf/GPCI2009_English.pdf |title=Global Power City Index 2009 |publisher=The Mori Memorial Foundation |accessdate=June 1, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن کي ثقافتي شھر پڻ چوندا آهن،&lt;ref name=NYCWorld'sGreatestCity/&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cultural2&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.iceland.is/iceland-abroad/us/nyc/cultural-affairs/ |title=Consulate General of Iceland New York Culture |publisher=Consulate General of Iceland New York |accessdate=July 1, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130205061848/http://www.iceland.is/iceland-abroad/us/nyc/cultural-affairs/ |archivedate=February 5, 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cultural3&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.latvia-newyork.org/english/ |title=Consulate of Latvia in New York |publisher=Consulate of Latvia |accessdate=July 1, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130208223706/http://www.latvia-newyork.org/english/ |archivedate=February 8, 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;cultural4&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/Culture/intro.htm |title=Introduction to Chapter 14: New York City (NYC) Culture |publisher=The Weissman Center for International Business Baruch College/CUNY 2011 |accessdate=July 1, 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130505181316/http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/culture/intro.htm |archivedate=May 5, 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name = &quot;cultural5&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/371497 |title=New York, Culture Capital of the World, 1940–1965 / edited by Leonard Wallock ; essays by Dore Ashton&amp;nbsp;... [et al.] |publisher=National Library of Australia|accessdate=July 1, 2018|isbn=978-0-8478-0990-5 |year=1988 }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[وال اسٽريٽ]] (Wall Street)&lt;ref name=NYCDominantFinancialCenter&gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-survey-markets/united-states-top-britain-second-in-financial-activity-think-tank-idUSKCN1LK2TM|title=United States top, Britain second in financial activity: think-tank|author=Huw Jones|publisher=Thomson Reuters|date=September 4, 2018|accessdate=September 4, 2018|quote=Think-tank New Financial's study, which focuses on the “raw” value of actual domestic and international financial activity like managing assets and issuing equity, underscored the overall dominance of New York as the world's top financial center.|newspaper=Reuters}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=WorldEconomicAndFinancialSuperCenter&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/top-8-cities-by-gdp-china-vs-the-us-2011-8 |title=Top 8 Cities by GDP: China vs. The U.S. |quote=For instance, Shanghai, the largest Chinese city with the highest economic production, and a fast-growing global financial hub, is far from matching or surpassing New York, the largest city in the U.S. and the economic and financial super center of the world. |publisher=Business Insider, Inc |date=July 31, 2011 |accessdate=July 1, 2018}}&lt;br /&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.thejobnetwork.com/new-york-city-the-financial-capital-of-the-world/ |title=New York City: The Financial Capital of the World |publisher=Pando Logic|accessdate=July 1, 2018|date=October 8, 2015 }}&lt;/ref&gt; آمريڪا جو مالياتي ۽ نيو يارڪ شھر جو ميڊيا جو عالمي مرڪز آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.statista.com/chart/3299/new-york-is-the-worlds-media-capital/ |title=New York Is The World's Media Capital |author=Felix Richter |publisher=Statista |date=March 11, 2015 |accessdate=July 1, 2018}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NYCWorld'sMediaCapitalLargestPrideParade&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2017/05/first-nyc-pridefest-will-televised/ |title=ABC will broadcast New York's pride parade live for the first time |author=Dawn Ennis |publisher=LGBTQ Nation |date=May 24, 2017 |accessdate=September 26, 2018|quote=Never before has any TV station in the entertainment and news media capital of the world carried what organizer boast is the world's largest Pride parade live on TV.}}&lt;/ref&gt; نيو يارڪ واپار، تفريح، تحقيق، تعليم، ٽيڪنالاجي، سياست، سياحت، فن، فيشن ۽ راندين تي اھم اثر رکندڙ شھر آھي.&lt;ref name=&quot;FastPaceNYC1&quot; &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.fodors.com/world/north-america/usa/new-york/new-york-city/experiences/news/15-things-not-to-do-in-new-york-city|title=15 Things NOT to Do in New York City|author=Kelsy Chauvin|publisher=Fodor's|date=March 15, 2019|accessdate=March 23, 2019|quote=There are more than 8.6 million citizens of New York City, and they're pretty much all in a hurry. They're also shrewd, outspoken, and proudly able to survive in a metropolis that tends to punish the meek. The buzzing subway system alone is a symbol of how this city works: part ballet, part battlefield. Residents and visitors alike can see why New York is considered the greatest city in the world.}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FastPaceNYC2&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last=Poliak |first=Shira |url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2009-11-19/features/0911180065_1_new-yorkers-fast-paced-big-apple |title=Adjusting To New York City |newspaper=Sun Sentinel |accessdate=November 1, 2015 |quote=Additionally, the fast-paced lifestyle of New York City demands adjusting. |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151203093200/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2009-11-19/features/0911180065_1_new-yorkers-fast-paced-big-apple |archivedate=December 3, 2015 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;FastPaceNYC3&quot;&gt;{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/?id=tfsmDAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA50&amp;lpg=PA50&amp;dq=hurrying+feverish+electric+crowds+new+york#v=onepage&amp;q=hurrying%20feverish%20electric%20crowds%20new%20york&amp;f=false |title=Walking New York: Reflections of American Writers from Walt Whitman to Teju Cole |pages=46, 50, 131 |author=Stephen Miller |accessdate=May 10, 2017|isbn=978-0-8232-7425-3 |year=2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NewYorkMinuteDefinition&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/new%20york%20minute |title=Dictionary – Full Definition of ''New York Minute'|publisher=Merriam-Webster |accessdate=November 1, 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھي شھر گڏيل قومن جي صدر مقام جو گهر پڻ آهي.&lt;ref&gt;[http://visit.un.org/content/plan-your-visit Plan your visit] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314234417/http://visit.un.org/content/plan-your-visit|date=March 14, 2017}}, [[United Nations]]. Accessed February 9, 2017. &quot;The Headquarters of the United Nations is located in New York City, along the East River. When you pass through the gates of the United Nations visitors' entrance, you enter an international territory. This 18-acre site does not belong to just one country, but to all countries that have joined the Organization; currently, the United Nations has 193 Member States.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ھي شھر بين الاقوامي سفارتڪاري جو پڻ مرڪز آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nyc.gov/html/ia/html/home/home.shtml |title=NYC Mayor's Office for International Affairs |publisher=The City of New York |accessdate=June 24, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150616080757/http://www.nyc.gov/html/ia/html/home/home.shtml |archivedate=June 16, 2015 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.digidiplomats.org/newyork/|title=Digital Diplomacy Coalition |publisher=Digital Diplomacy Coalition, New York|accessdate=August 11, 2018|quote=Established in 2014, DDC New York has partnered with the United Nations, major tech and social media companies, multiple governments, and NGOs to bring unique programs to the area community.}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن شھر جي بندرگاھه، نيويارڪ ھاربر دنيا جي وڏي ۾ وڏي قدرتي بندرگاھه آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/new-york-city/videos/new-york-harbor |title=New York City |publisher=A&amp;E Television Networks, LLC |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304110030/http://www.history.com/topics/new-york-city/videos/new-york-harbor |archivedate=March 4, 2016 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Port in a Storm: The Port of New York in World War II |url=http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/research_collections/research/history/hisportofnewyork.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140429044423/http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/research_collections/research/history/hisportofnewyork.html |publisher=New York State Museum |accessdate=August 5, 2015 |archivedate=April 29, 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[فائل:5 Boroughs Labels New York City Map.svg|thumb|upright=1.1|
نيويارڪ شھر جي پنج ڪائونٽيون:
{{legend|#4DAF4A|1.مين ھيٽن}}
{{legend|#FFFF33|2.بروڪلين}}
{{legend|#FF7F00|3.ڪئينس}}
{{legend|#E41A1C|4.برونڪس}}
{{legend|#984EA3|5.اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ}}|alt=A map with five insular regions of different colors.]]
ھي شھر پنج ضلعن يا ڪائونٽين تي مشتمل آهي. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/US_NYBOROUGHS.html |title=Boroughs of New York City |publisher=Ben Cahoon |year=2002 |access-date=October 5, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211145920/http://www.worldstatesmen.org/US_NYBOROUGHS.html |archivedate=February 11, 2012 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; جن جا نالا؛ بروڪلين، ڪئينس، مين ھيٽن، برونڪس ۽ اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ آھن جيڪي سال 1898ع ۾ ملائي ھڪ شھر ۾ تبديل ڪيا ويا.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.correctionhistory.org/html/chronicl/nycdoc/html/kbd_brnx.html |title=A 5-Borough Centennial Preface for Katharine Bement Davis Mini-History |publisher=The New York City Department of Correction |year=1997 |accessdate=October 26, 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111023193440/http://www.correctionhistory.org/html/chronicl/nycdoc/html/kbd_brnx.html |archivedate=October 23, 2011 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; دنيا ۾ ارب پتي ماڻھن جو شھر سڏجندڙ ھي نيويارڪ سال 1624ع ۾ ھيٺين مينھٽن واري جاء تي &quot;ڊچ ريپلڪ&quot; جي ڪالوني ٺاھيندڙن قائم ڪيو ويو ۽ سال 1626ع ۾ کيس &quot;نيو ايمسٽرڊم&quot; جو نالو ڏنو ويو.&lt;ref name=&quot;u-s-history.com&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h2122.html |title=United States History – History of New York City, New York |accessdate=September 9, 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; سال 1664ع ۾ اھو شھر ۽ ان جي چوڌاري واقع علائقا انگريزن جي قبضي ۾ آيا ۽ ان وقت جي برطانيا جي بادشاھه، [[چارلس ٻيون (انگلينڊ)|چارلس ٻئين]] اھو علائقو پنھنجي ڀاءُ [[جيمز ٻيون (انگلينڊ)|جيمز ٻئين، ڊيوڪ آف يارڪ]] کي ڏئي ڇڏيو جنھن ان شھر کي نيويارڪ جو نئون نالو ڏنو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm |title=Kingston: Discover 300 Years of New York History Dutch Colonies|publisher=National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior |accessdate=May 10, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; سال 1785ع کان 1790ع تائين ھي شھر [[آمريڪا]] جو گاديءَ جو هنڌ پڻ رھيو.&lt;ref name=senate&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.senate.gov/reference/reference_item/Nine_Capitals_of_the_United_States.htm |title=The Nine Capitals of the United States |publisher=[[United States Senate]] |accessdate=September 7, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt; ۽ سال 1790ع کان وٺي ھي شھر ملڪ جو سڀ کان وڏو شھر رھندو آيو آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0027/tab01.txt |title=Rank by Population of the 100 Largest Urban Places, Listed Alphabetically by State: 1790–1990 |date=June 15, 1998 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |accessdate=February 8, 2009}}&lt;/ref&gt; اوڻويھين ۽ ويھين صديءَ ۾ ھتي لکين ماڻھو لڏي آيا.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/statue-of-liberty |title=Statue of Liberty |publisher=A&amp;E Television Networks, LLC |accessdate=May 21, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن شھر ۾ لڳل مجسمو، &quot;اسٽيچو آف لبرٽي&quot; دنيا ۾ ملڪ جي امن ۽ آزادي جي ھڪ سڃاڻپ آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Statue of Liberty |work=World Heritage |publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre 1992–2011 |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 |accessdate=October 23, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;

وال اسٽريٽ، مالي ضلعي، مئنهٽن ۾ بيٺل، نيو يارڪ شهر کي دنيا جو سڀ کان وڏو مالياتي ۽ فن ٽيڪ سينٽر ۽ دنيا جو سڀ کان وڌيڪ اقتصادي طور تي طاقتور شهر بڻائي ٿو. سال 2022ع تائين، نيو يارڪ ميٽروپوليٽن علائقو دنيا جي سڀ کان وڏي ميٽروپوليٽن معيشت آهي، جنهن جي مجموعي ميٽروپوليٽن پيداوار 2.16 ٽريلين آمريڪي ڊالر کان وڌيڪ آهي. نيو يارڪ ميٽروپوليٽن علائقي جي معيشت دنيا جي سڀني نون ملڪن کان وڏي آهي. چوويهه ڪلاڪ تيز ٽرانزٽ سسٽم هجڻ جي باوجود، نيو يارڪ شهري گاڏين جي ٽريفڪ جام ۾ دنيا جي اڳواڻي پڻ ڪري ٿو. هي شهر دنيا جي، انهن جي لسٽ ڪيل ڪمپنين جي مارڪيٽ سرمائيداري ذريعي، ٻن وڏين اسٽاڪ ايڪسچينج؛ نيو يارڪ اسٽاڪ ايڪسچينج (NYSE) ۽ نئسڊڪ (NASDAQ) جو گهر آهي. نيو يارڪ شهر عالمي سيڙپڪارن لاءِ قائم ڪيل محفوظ جنت آهي. سال 2023ع تائين، نيو يارڪ شھر، غير ملڪين لاءِ ۽ وڏي فرق سان ملڪ جي ڪنهن به شهر جي رهائشي ڪرائي جي لحاظ کان، دنيا جو سڀ کان مهانگو شهر  تي آهي ۽ پنجين ايونيو دنيا جي سڀ کان مهانگي شاپنگ اسٽريٽ آهي. نيو يارڪ شهر هڪ اهم فرق سان ارب پتي ماڻهن جي وڏي تعداد ۾، انتهائي اعليٰ خالص ماليت (ٽي ڪروڙ آمريڪي ڊالر کان وڌيڪ) ۽ دنيا جي ڪنهن به شهر کان وڏو ارب پتي ماڻهن جو گهر آهي. 

==نالو==
{{See_also|Nicknames of New York City}}
سال 1664ع ۾، نيويارڪ جو نالو ڊيوڪ آف يارڪ (بعد ۾ انگلينڊ جي بادشاهه جيمس ٻين) جي اعزاز ۾ رکيو ويو. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.qchron.com/editions/queenswide/new-amsterdam-becomes-new-york/article_dd6e910f-a882-5b2e-9771-a2caa1574e07.html|title=1664 New Amsterdam becomes New York Dutch rulers surrender to England|last=Badoe|first=Etta|date=November 11, 2015|publisher=[[Queens Chronicle]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170201120328/https://www.qchron.com/editions/queenswide/new-amsterdam-becomes-new-york/article_dd6e910f-a882-5b2e-9771-a2caa1574e07.html|archive-date=February 1, 2017|access-date=March 13, 2021|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt; جيمس جو وڏو ڀاءُ، بادشاهه چارلس ٻيون، کيس نيو هالينڊ جي اڳوڻي علائقي جو مالڪ مقرر ڪيو، جنهن ۾ نيو ايمسٽرڊم جو شهر به شامل هو، جڏهن انگلينڊ جي بادشاهت ان کي ڊچ (ولنديزين) جي قبضي کان وٺي ڇڏيو.&lt;ref name=&quot;Archdeacon2013a2&quot;&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9bTxAAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT19|title=New York City, 1664–1710: Conquest and Change|last=Archdeacon|first=Thomas J.|publisher=[[Cornell University Press]]|year=2013|isbn=978-0-8014-6891-9|page=19|author-link1=Thomas J. Archdeacon}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

==تاريخ==
{{Main|History of New York City|Timeline of New York City}}
{{Further|History of Manhattan|Timeline of Brooklyn |Timeline of Queens|Timeline of the Bronx|Timeline of Staten Island}}

=== شروعاتي تاريخ ===
{{Main|نيو يارڪ جي تاريخ (ماقبل تاريخ کان 1664ع تائين)}}
پري-ڪولمبين دور ۾، اڄوڪي نيو يارڪ شهر جو علائقو Algonquians، جنهن ۾ Lenape به شامل هو، آباد هو. سندن وطن، جنهن کي Lenapehoking جي نالي سان سڃاتو وڃي ٿو، ان ۾ اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ، منهٽن، برونڪس، لانگ آئلينڊ جو الهندو حصو (بشمول بروڪلن ۽ ڪوئنز)، ۽ لوئر هڊسن وادي شامل آهن. نيو يارڪ هاربر ۾ پهريون دستاويزي دورو هڪ يورپين طرفان 1524 ۾ دريافت ڪندڙ Giovanni da Verrazzano پاران ڪيو ويو. هن فرانس لاءِ علائقي جي دعويٰ ڪئي ۽ ان جو نالو Nouvelle Angoulême رکيو. هڪ اسپيني مهم، جنهن جي اڳواڻي پورچوگالي ڪپتان ايسٽيو گومز ڪري رهيو هو، جيڪو شهنشاهه چارلس پنجين لاءِ سفر ڪري رهيو هو، جنوري 1525ع ۾ نيويارڪ هاربر تي پهتو ۽ هڊسن نديءَ جي وات جو نقشو چٽيو، جنهن جو نالو هن ريو ڊي سان انتونيو رکيو. 1609 ۾، انگريز محقق هينري هڊسن نيو يارڪ هاربر کي ٻيهر دريافت ڪيو، جڏهن ڊچ ايسٽ انڊيا ڪمپني لاء اتر اولهه طرف اوڀر طرف ڳولي رهيا هئا. هن ٻيڙيءَ تي چڙهيو، جنهن کي ڊچ نارٿ ريور (هاڻي هڊسن درياهه) سڏين ٿا، جنهن جو نالو هڊسن پهريون ڀيرو ماريشس جي نالي پٺيان موريس، پرنس آف نارنگي رکيو. هڊسن هن علائقي تي ڊچ ايسٽ انڊيا ڪمپنيءَ جي دعويٰ ڪئي. 1614 ۾، ڪيپ ڪوڊ ۽ ڊيلويئر بي جي وچ واري علائقي کي هالينڊ پاران دعوي ڪيو ويو ۽ نييو-نيدرلينڊ سڏيو ويو. نيو يارڪ شهر جو پهريون غير-آمريڪي رهواسي جوآن روڊريگيز هو، جيڪو سينٽو ڊومنگو جو هڪ واپاري هو، جيڪو 1613-14 جي سياري دوران منهٽن ۾ پهتو. 

the [[pre-Columbian era]], the area of present-day New York City was inhabited by [[Algonquian peoples|Algonquian]]s, including the [[Lenape]]. Their homeland, known as [[Lenapehoking]], included the present-day areas of [[Staten Island]], [[Manhattan]], [[the Bronx]], the western portion of [[Long Island]] (including [[Brooklyn]] and [[Queens]]), and the [[Lower Hudson Valley]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |first=Evan T. |last=Pritchard |year=2002 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c5hky9f5PgoC&amp;pg=PA27 |title=Native New Yorkers: The Legacy of the Algonquin people of New York |page=27 |publisher=Council Oak Books |isbn=1-57178-107-2 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The first documented visit into [[New York Harbor]] by a European was in 1524 by explorer [[Giovanni da&amp;nbsp;Verrazzano]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Debo2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Angie |last=Debo |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pLjYpwiuN_wC&amp;pg=PT28 |title=A History of the Indians of the United States |publisher=[[University of Oklahoma Press]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-0-8061-8965-9 |page=28 }}&lt;/ref&gt; He claimed the area for [[Kingdom of France|France]] and named it ''Nouvelle Angoulême'' (New [[Angoulême]]).&lt;ref name=&quot;rodgers&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=Rankin |first1=Rebecca B. |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.226262 |title=New York: The World's Capital City, Its Development and Contributions to Progress |last2=Rodgers |first2=Cleveland |publisher=[[Harper (publisher)|Harper]] |year=1948 }}&lt;/ref&gt; A Spanish expedition, led by the Portuguese captain [[Estêvão Gomes]] sailing for [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Charles&amp;nbsp;V]], arrived in New York Harbor in January 1525 and charted the mouth of the [[Hudson River]], which he named {{lang|es|Río de San Antonio}} ('Saint Anthony's River').&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |author=WPA Writer's Project |title=A Maritime History of New York |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o08K8jlMI-IC |page=246 |publisher=Going Coastal Productions |year=2004 |isbn=0-9729803-1-8 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1609, the English explorer [[Henry Hudson]] rediscovered New York Harbor while searching for the [[Northwest Passage]] to the [[Orient]] for the [[Dutch East India Company]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Lankevich2002&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=George J. |last=Lankevich |url=https://archive.org/details/newyorkcity00geor |title=New York City: A Short History |publisher=[[NYU Press]] |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-8147-5186-2 |page=[https://archive.org/details/newyorkcity00geor/page/2 2] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; He sailed up what the Dutch called [[North River (Hudson River)|North River]] (now the Hudson River), named first by Hudson as the ''Mauritius'' after [[Maurice, Prince of Orange]].&lt;ref name=&quot;hudsonnni&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Hudson River |url=http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/history-and-heritage/digital-exhibitions/a-tour-of-new-netherland/hudson-river/ |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=[[New Netherland Institute]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Hudson claimed the region for the Dutch East India Company. In 1614, the area between [[Cape Cod]] and [[Delaware Bay]] was claimed by the Netherlands and called {{lang|nl|Nieuw-Nederland}} ('[[New Netherland]]'). The first non–Native American inhabitant of what became New York City was [[Juan (Jan) Rodriguez|Juan Rodriguez]], a merchant from [[Captaincy General of Santo Domingo|Santo Domingo]] who arrived in Manhattan during the winter of 1613–14, trapping for [[Fur|pelts]] and trading with the local population as a representative of the Dutch.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Roberts |first=Sam |date=October 2, 2012 |title=Honoring a Very Early New Yorker |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/10/02/honoring-a-very-early-new-yorker/ |access-date=October 28, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |date=May 14, 2013 |title=CUNY DSI Publishes Monograph on New York's First Immigrant |url=https://www.ccny.cuny.edu/news/juan-rodriguez-monograph |access-date=May 16, 2020 |publisher=[[The City College of New York]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Dutch rule ===
{{Main|New Amsterdam|Fort Amsterdam|New Netherland}}
{{multiple image
| align             = right
| direction         = vertical
| width             = 220
| image1            = Stad Amsterdam in Nieuw Nederland (City Amsterdam in New Netherland) Castello Plan 1660.jpg
| caption1          = The [[Castello Plan]], a 1660 map of [[New Amsterdam]] in [[Lower Manhattan]]
| image2            = GezichtOpNieuwAmsterdam.jpg
| caption2          = [[New Amsterdam]], centered in what eventually became Lower Manhattan, in 1664, the year [[British colonization of the Americas|England]] took control and renamed it New York
}}

A permanent European presence near [[New York Harbor]] was established in 1624, making New York the [[List of North American settlements by year of foundation|12th-oldest continuously occupied]] European-established settlement in the [[continental United States]], with the founding of a Dutch [[Fur trade|fur trading]] settlement on [[Governors Island]]. In 1625, construction was started on a [[citadel]] and [[Fort Amsterdam]], later called ''Nieuw Amsterdam'' (New Amsterdam), on present-day Manhattan Island.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm Dutch Colonies], [[National Park Service]]. Retrieved May 19, 2007. &quot;Sponsored by the West India Company, 30 families arrived in North America in 1624, establishing a settlement on present-day Manhattan.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Tolerance&quot;&gt;[http://www.tolerancepark.org/id2.html GovIsland Park-to-Tolerance: through Broad Awareness and Conscious Vigilance], Tolerance Park. Retrieved February 9, 2017. See Legislative Resolutions Senate No. 5476 and Assembly No. 2708.&lt;/ref&gt;

The colony of New Amsterdam extended from the southern tip of Manhattan to modern-day [[Wall Street]], where a {{Convert|12|ft|adj=on}} wooden [[stockade]] was built in 1653 to protect against Native American and English raids.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/crash-selected-wall-street-chronology/ |title=Timeline: A selected Wall Street chronology |publisher=[[PBS]] |access-date=October 28, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1626, the Dutch colonial Director-General [[Peter Minuit]], as charged by the [[Dutch West India Company]], purchased the island of Manhattan from the ''Canarsie'', a small Lenape band,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |first1=Frederick M. |last1=Binder |first2=David M. |last2=Reimers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o08K8jlMI-IC |title=All the Nations Under Heaven: An Ethnic and Racial History of New York City |page=4 |year=1996 |isbn=0-231-07879-X |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; for &quot;the value of 60 [[Dutch guilder|guilders]]&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.s4ulanguages.com/laet2.html |title=Pieter Schaghen Letter |year=1626 |quote=&quot;...&amp;nbsp;hebben t'eylant Manhattes van de wilde gekocht, voor de waerde van 60 gulden: is groot 11000 morgen.&amp;nbsp;...&quot; (&quot;...&amp;nbsp;They have purchased the Island Manhattes from the Indians for the value of 60 guilders. It is 11,000 morgens in size&amp;nbsp;...) |access-date=October 28, 2021 |website=S4ulanguages.com }}&lt;/ref&gt; (about $900 in 2018).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Value of the Guilder versus Euro |url=http://www.iisg.nl/hpw/calculate.php |access-date=July 25, 2019 |publisher=[[International Institute of Social History]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; A frequently told but disproved legend claims that Manhattan was purchased for $24 worth of glass beads.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Peter Schaghen Letter |url=http://www.nnp.org/nnp/documents/schagen_main.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101023083225/http://www.nnp.org/nnp/documents/schagen_main.html |archive-date=October 23, 2010 |access-date=October 28, 2010 |publisher=Nnp.org }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal |last1=Miller |first1=Christopher L. |last2=Hamell |first2=George R. |date=September 1986 |title=A New Perspective on Indian-White Contact: Cultural Symbols and Colonial Trade |journal=[[The Journal of American History]] |volume=73 |issue=2 |pages=311–328 |doi=10.2307/1908224 |jstor=1908224 |issn=0021-8723 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Following the purchase, New Amsterdam grew slowly.&lt;ref name=&quot;npsnetherland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Dutch Colonies |url=https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=[[National Park Service]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; To attract settlers, the Dutch instituted the [[Patroon|patroon system]] in 1628, whereby wealthy Dutchmen (''patroons'', or patrons) who brought 50 colonists to New Netherland would be awarded land, local political autonomy, and rights to participate in the lucrative fur trade. This program had little success.&lt;ref name=&quot;locnetherland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Patroon System |url=http://frontiers.loc.gov/intldl/awkbhtml/kb-1/kb-1-2-2.html |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] |archive-date=March 19, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220319082007/http://frontiers.loc.gov/intldl/awkbhtml/kb-1/kb-1-2-2.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Since 1621, the Dutch West India Company had operated as a [[monopoly]] in New Netherland, on authority granted by the [[States General of the Netherlands|Dutch States General]]. In 1639–1640, in an effort to bolster economic growth, the Dutch West India Company relinquished its monopoly over the fur trade, leading to growth in the production and trade of food, timber, tobacco, and slaves (particularly with the [[Netherlands Antilles|Dutch West Indies]]).&lt;ref name=&quot;npsnetherland&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nahcnetherland&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The Story of New Amsterdam |url=http://www.newamsterdamhistorycenter.org/bios/origins.html |access-date=July 10, 2016 |publisher=New Amsterdam History Center }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1647, [[Peter Stuyvesant]] began his tenure as the last [[Director-General of New Amsterdam|Director-General]] of New Netherland. During his tenure, the population of New Netherland grew from 2,000 to 8,000.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Jacobs |first=Jaap |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vgnh3E5Mm0cC |title=The Colony of New Netherland: A Dutch Settlement in Seventeenth-Century America |publisher=[[Cornell University Press]] |year=2009 |page=32 |isbn=978-0801475160 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Eisenstadt |first1=Peter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tmHEm5ohoCUC&amp;q=New+Amsterdam+grew+from+under+2,000+to+8,000&amp;pg=PA1051 |title=The Encyclopedia of New York State |last2=Moss |first2=Laura-Eve |last3=Huxley |first3=Carole F. |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-8156-0808-0 |page=1051 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Stuyvesant has been credited with improving law and order; however, he earned a reputation as a [[despotism|despotic]] leader. He instituted regulations on liquor sales, attempted to assert control over the [[Dutch Reformed Church]], and blocked other religious groups from establishing houses of worship.&lt;ref name=&quot;nyhsstuyvesant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Peter Stuyvesant |url=http://www.nyhistory.org/peter-stuyvesant |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624011523/http://www.nyhistory.org/peter-stuyvesant |archive-date=June 24, 2016 |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[New-York Historical Society]] |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== English rule ===
{{Main|Province of New York|History of New York City (1665–1783)}}
{{multiple image
| align     = right
| direction = vertical
| width     = 220
| image1    = The fall of New Amsterdam cph.3g12217.jpg
| caption1  = ''[[The Fall of New Amsterdam]]'', painting by [[Jean Leon Gerome Ferris]], depicting the [[Conquest of New Netherland]]
| image2    = A_view_of_Fort_George_with_the_city_of_New_York,_from_the_SW.jpg
| caption2  = [[Fort Amsterdam|Fort George]] and New York with British warships, {{Circa|1731}}
}}

In 1664, unable to summon any significant resistance, Stuyvesant surrendered New Amsterdam to English troops, led by Colonel [[Richard Nicolls]], without bloodshed.&lt;ref name=&quot;nyhsstuyvesant&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;nnistuyvesant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Peter Stuyvesant |url=http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/history-and-heritage/dutch_americans/peter-stuyvesant/ |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[New Netherland Institute]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; The terms of the surrender permitted Dutch residents to remain in the colony and allowed for religious freedom.&lt;ref name=&quot;lehrmanstuyvesant&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The surrender of New Netherland, 1664 |url=http://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/early-settlements/resources/surrender-new-netherland-1664 |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1667, during negotiations leading to the [[Treaty of Breda (1667)|Treaty of Breda]] after the [[Second Anglo-Dutch War]], the victorious Dutch decided to keep the nascent plantation colony of what is now [[Suriname]], which they had gained from the English,&lt;ref&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Treaty-of-Breda |title=Treaty of Breda |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=July 10, 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and in return the English kept New Amsterdam. The settlement was promptly renamed &quot;New York&quot; after the Duke of York (the future King James II and VII).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Homberger |first=Eric |title=The Historical Atlas of New York City: A Visual Celebration of 400 Years of New York City's History |publisher=Owl Books |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-8050-7842-8 |page=34 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The duke gave part of the colony to proprietors [[George Carteret]] and [[John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton|John Berkeley]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Miller |first=John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=McEJCAAAQBAJ |title=James II (The English Monarchs Series) |publisher=[[Yale University Press]] |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-300-08728-4 |pages=44–45 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

On August 24, 1673, during the [[Third Anglo-Dutch War]], [[Anthony Colve]] of the Dutch navy [[Dutch Raid on North America|seized New York]] at the behest of [[Cornelis Evertsen the Youngest]] and rechristened it &quot;New Orange&quot; after [[William III of England|William&amp;nbsp;III]], the [[Prince of Orange]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Roper2017&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=L. H. |last=Roper |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i8wnDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA215 |title=Advancing Empire |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-107-11891-1 |page=215 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The Dutch soon returned the island to England under the [[Treaty of Westminster (1674)|Treaty of Westminster]] of November 1674.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Van Luling |first=Todd |date=April 17, 2014 |title=8 Things Even New Yorkers Don't Know About New York City |work=[[HuffPost]] |url=https://huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/17/new-york-history-facts_n_5107337.html |access-date=September 13, 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Peter |last=Douglas |title=The Man Who Took Back New Netherland |url=http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/files/2813/5680/0659/Man_Who_Took_Back_NN.pdf |access-date=July 11, 2016 |publisher=[[New Netherland Institute]] |archive-date=July 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708102432/http://www.newnetherlandinstitute.org/files/2813/5680/0659/Man_Who_Took_Back_NN.pdf |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Several intertribal wars among the Native Americans and [[epidemic]]s brought on by contact with the Europeans caused sizeable population losses for the Lenape between 1660 and 1670.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.penntreatymuseum.org/americans.php |title=Native Americans |publisher=Penn Treaty Museum |access-date=October 29, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; By 1700, the Lenape population had diminished to 200.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.gothamcenter.org/ &quot;Gotham Center for New York City History&quot;] Timeline 1700–1800&lt;/ref&gt; New York experienced several [[yellow fever]] epidemics in the 18th century, losing ten percent of its population in 1702 alone.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Pedro |last=Nogueira |url=http://jdc.jefferson.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&amp;context=yellow_fever_symposium |title=The Early History of Yellow Fever (PDF) |publisher=[[Thomas Jefferson University]] |year=2009 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/fever-timeline-yellow-fever-america/ |title=Timeline – Yellow Fever in America |publisher=[[Public Broadcasting Service]] (PBS) |access-date=October 30, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In the early 18th century, New York grew in importance as a [[port|trading port]] while as a part of the [[Province of New York|colony of New York]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Foote2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Thelma Wills |last=Foote |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cu4VfJPRsl4C&amp;pg=PA68 |title=Black and White Manhattan: The History of Racial Formation in Colonial New York City |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]], US |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-19-508809-0 |page=68 }}&lt;/ref&gt; It became a center of [[Slavery in the colonial United States|slavery]], with 42% of households enslaving Africans by 1730.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Oltman |first=Adele |date=October 24, 2005 |title=The Hidden History of Slavery in New York |url=http://www.thenation.com/article/hidden-history-slavery-new-york# |journal=[[The Nation]] |access-date=July 9, 2013 |archive-date=November 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191130043006/https://www.thenation.com/article/hidden-history-slavery-new-york/ |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Most were [[House slave|domestic slaves]]; others were hired out as labor. Slavery became integrally tied to New York's economy through the labor of slaves throughout the port, and the banking and shipping industries trading with the [[Southern United States|American South]]. During construction in [[Foley Square]] in the 1990s, the [[African Burying Ground]] was discovered; the cemetery included 10,000 to 20,000 graves of colonial-era Africans, some enslaved and some free.&lt;ref name=&quot;AsanteMazama2005&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Molefi Kete |last1=Asante |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RcBkDlJ7qjwC&amp;pg=PA33 |title=Encyclopedia of Black Studies |first2=Ama |last2=Mazama |first3=Marie-José |last3=Cérol |publisher=[[SAGE Publishing|SAGE]] |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-7619-2762-4 |page=33 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The 1735 trial and acquittal in Manhattan of [[John Peter Zenger]], who had been accused of [[seditious libel]] after criticizing [[List of colonial governors of New York|colonial governor]] [[William Cosby]], helped to establish [[freedom of the press]] in [[North America]].&lt;ref name=&quot;zenger&quot;&gt;{{cite web |last=Linder |first=Doug |year=2001 |title=The Trial of John Peter Zenger: An Account |url=http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/zenger/zengeraccount.html |publisher=[[University of Missouri–Kansas City]] |access-date=October 30, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1754, [[Columbia University]] was founded.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Moore |first=Nathaniel Fish |url=https://archive.org/details/anhistoricalske00univgoog |title=An Historical Sketch of Columbia College, in the City of New York, 1754–1876 |publisher=[[Columbia University]] |year=1876 |page=[https://archive.org/details/anhistoricalske00univgoog/page/n14 8] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== American Revolution ===
{{Further|American Revolution}}
[[File:BattleofLongisland.jpg|thumb|The [[Battle of Long Island]], one of the largest battles of the [[American Revolutionary War]], which took place in [[Brooklyn]] on August 27, 1776]]
The [[Stamp Act Congress]] met in New York in October 1765, as the [[Sons of Liberty]] organization emerged in the city and skirmished over the next ten years with British troops stationed there.&lt;ref name=&quot;BoyerClark2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Paul |last1=Boyer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O7NsCgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA100 |title=The Enduring Vision: A History of the American People, Volume 1: To 1877, Concise |first2=Clifford |last2=Clark |first3=Sandra |last3=Hawley |first4=Joseph |last4=Kett |first5=Andrew |last5=Rieser |publisher=[[Cengage Learning]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-111-78553-6 |page=100 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Battle of Long Island]], the largest battle of the [[American Revolutionary War]], was fought in August 1776 within modern-day Brooklyn.&lt;ref name=&quot;Reno2008&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Linda Davis |last=Reno |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KvhogpG5154C&amp;pg=PA3 |title=The Maryland 400 in the Battle of Long Island, 1776 |publisher=[[McFarland &amp; Company|McFarland]] |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-7864-5184-5 |page=3 }}&lt;/ref&gt; A British rout of the Continental Army at the [[Battle of Fort Washington]] in November 1776 eliminated the last American stronghold in Manhattan, causing [[George Washington]] and his forces to retreat across the Hudson River to [[New Jersey]], pursued by British forces.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/fort-washington Fort Washington], [[American Battlefield Trust]]. Accessed December 31, 2023. &quot;Fought on November 16, 1776 on the island of Manhattan, the Battle of Fort Washington was the final devastating chapter in General Washington's disastrous New York Campaign.... Seeing how precarious the American position was, Howe launched a three-pronged assault on Fort Washington and its outer defensive works. The combined British-Hessian assault force of 8,000 men grossly outnumbered the fort's 3,000 defenders.... At 3:00 P.M., after a fruitless attempt to gain gentler surrender terms for his men, Magaw surrendered Fort Washington and its 2,800 surviving defenders to the British.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Schenawolf, Harry. [https://revolutionarywarjournal.com/washingtons-retreat-across-new-jersey-a-british-fox-chase/ &quot;Washington's Retreat Across New Jersey: A British Fox Chase&quot;], Revolutionary War Journal, August 5, 2019. Accessed December 31, 2023.&lt;/ref&gt;

After the battle, in which the Americans were defeated, the British made the city their military and political base of operations in North America.&lt;ref&gt;[[Rohit Aggarwala|Aggarwala, Rohit T.]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/90018770 &quot;'I want a Packet to arrive': Making New York City the headquarters of British North America 1696-1783&quot;], ''New York History'', Winter 2017. Accessed December 29, 2023. &quot;One of New York City's key distinctions in the late colonial period was its role as the headquarters of the British Army in North America, almost continuously from 1755 to 1783.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The city was a haven for [[Loyalist (American Revolution)|Loyalist]] refugees and escaped slaves who joined the British lines for freedom promised by the [[British Crown|Crown]], with as many as 10,000 escaped slaves crowded into the city during the British occupation, the largest such community on the continent.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.amrevmuseum.org/revolution-stories/finding-freedom-deborah &quot;Finding Freedom: Deborah&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231230351/https://www.amrevmuseum.org/revolution-stories/finding-freedom-deborah|date=2023-12-31}}, [[Museum of the American Revolution]], May 4, 2018. Accessed December 31, 2023. &quot;They ran to the British Army which offered freedom to enslaved people owned by rebel masters based on the 1779 Philipsburg Proclamation issued by British General Henry Clinton. Historians estimate that 10,000 enslaved people sought freedom by escaping to the British during the Revolutionary War.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Goulet, L.; and Tsaltas-Otoomanelli, Mary. [https://www.gothamcenter.org/blog/black-loyalists-evaculation-zy4la &quot;Black Loyalists In The Evacuation Of New York City, 1783&quot;], [[The Gotham Center for New York City History]], November 15, 2023. Accessed December 31, 2023. &quot;By 1783, New York City had become the largest fugitive slave community in North America.... Free and self-emancipated Black people entered New York City during the British occupation seeking protection.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; When the British forces [[Evacuation Day (New York)|evacuated]] New York at the close of the war in 1783, they transported thousands of [[freedmen]] for resettlement in [[Nova Scotia]], England, and the [[Caribbean]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Hinks2007&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Peter P. |last=Hinks |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3UXQs0uO0VMC&amp;pg=PA508 |title=Encyclopedia of Antislavery and Abolition |publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]] |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-313-33144-2 |page=508 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The attempt at a peaceful solution to the war took place at the [[Conference House]] on Staten Island between American delegates, including [[Benjamin Franklin]], and British general [[Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe|Lord Howe]] on September 11, 1776.&lt;ref&gt;Mattera, John. [https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/conference-house-park/dailyplant/19934 Conference House Park The Daily Plant : Thursday, September 7, 2006], [[New York City Department of Parks and Recreation]]. Accessed December 29, 2023.&lt;/ref&gt; Shortly after the British occupation began, the [[Great Fire of New York (1776)|Great Fire of New York]] destroyed nearly 500 buildings, about a quarter of the structures in the city, including [[Trinity Church (New York City)|Trinity Church]].&lt;ref&gt;Trinity Church bicentennial celebration, May 5, 1897, By Trinity Church (New York, N.Y.) p. 37, ISBN 978-1-356-90825-7&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://baruch.cuny.edu/nycdata/disasters/fires-1776.html New York City (NYC) The Great Fire of 1776], [[Baruch College]]. Accessed December 29, 2023. &quot;The fire started in a wooden building near White Hall Slip, called the Fighting Cocks Tavern, a fun house visited by the city's most disreputable residents. It was fanned by winds south west of the city and spread rapidly into the night, demolishing 493 buildings and houses in the process.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Post-revolutionary period and early 19th century ===
{{Main|History of New York City (1784–1854)}}
[[File:Washington's_Inauguration.jpg|thumb|A portrait of the [[first inauguration of George Washington]] in 1789]]
In January 1785, the assembly of the [[Congress of the Confederation]] made New York City the national capital.&lt;ref&gt;[https://declaration.fas.harvard.edu/blog/january-superintending-1 &quot;January Highlight: Superintending Independence, Part 1&quot;], [[Harvard University]] Declaration Resources Project, January 4, 2017. Accessed December 29, 2023. &quot;From January 11, 1785 through 1789, the Congress of the Confederation met in New York City, at City Hall (which later became Federal Hall) and at Fraunces Tavern.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; New York was the last capital of the United States under the [[Articles of Confederation]] and the first under the [[Constitution of the United States|Constitution]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Post-Revolutionary War&quot;/&gt; As the capital, New York City hosted the inauguration of the first President, [[George Washington]], and the first [[United States Congress|Congress]], at [[Federal Hall]] on [[Wall Street]]. Congress drafted the [[United States Bill of Rights|Bill of Rights]] there.&lt;ref name=&quot;Post-Revolutionary War&quot;&gt;{{cite magazine |title=The People's Vote: President George Washington's First Inaugural Speech (1789) |url=https://www.usnews.com/usnews/documents/docpages/document_page11.htm |magazine=[[U.S. News &amp; World Report]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080925045133/http://www.usnews.com/usnews/documents/docpages/document_page11.htm |archive-date=September 25, 2008 |access-date=September 1, 2008 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Supreme Court of the United States|Supreme Court]] held its first organizational sessions in New York in 1790.

In 1790, for the first time, New York City surpassed [[Philadelphia]] as the nation's largest city. At the end of 1790, the national capital was [[Residence Act|moved to Philadelphia]].&lt;ref name=&quot;residence act&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Residence Act |url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Residence.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222110855/https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Residence.html |archive-date=February 22, 2017 |access-date=April 23, 2017 |work=Web Guides: Primary Documents in American History |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |first=Robert |last=Fortenbaugh |url=https://www.senate.gov/reference/reference_item/Nine_Capitals_of_the_United_States.htm |access-date=October 30, 2021 |title=The Nine Capitals of the United States |year=1948 |pages=9 |publisher=[[United States Senate]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

During the 19th century, New York City's population grew from 60,000 to 3.43&amp;nbsp;million.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Smil |first=Vaclav |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=52yuDwAAQBAJ |title=Growth: From Microorganisms to Megacities |publisher=[[The MIT Press]] |year=2019 |isbn=978-0-262-04283-3 |page=336 |author-link=Vaclav Smil }}&lt;/ref&gt; Under New York State's [[gradual emancipation (United States)|gradual emancipation]] act of 1799, children of slave mothers were to be eventually liberated but to be held in [[indentured servitude]] until their mid-to-late twenties.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Negro Slavery in New York&quot; ([[Laws of New York|L. 1799, Ch. 62]])&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Harper |first=Douglas |year=2003 |title=Emancipation in New York |url=http://www.slavenorth.com/nyemancip.htm |work=Slave North |access-date=February 6, 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Together with slaves freed by their masters after the Revolutionary War and escaped slaves, a significant free-Black population gradually developed in Manhattan. The [[New York Manumission Society]] worked for abolition and established the [[African Free School]] to educate Black children.&lt;ref name=&quot;Divided&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.nydivided.org/VirtualExhibit/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414223102/http://www.nydivided.org/VirtualExhibit/ |title=New York Divided: Slavery and the Civil War Online Exhibit |publisher=New-York Historical Society (physical exhibit) |date=September 3, 2007 |access-date=May 10, 2012 |archive-date=April 14, 2012 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; It was not until 1827 that [[History of slavery in New York (state)|slavery was completely abolished in the state]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nyhistory.org/community/slavery-end-new-york-state When Did Slavery End in New York State?], [[New-York Historical Society]]. Accessed January 16, 2024. &quot;In 1799, New York passed a Gradual Emancipation act that freed slave children born after July 4, 1799, but indentured them until they were young adults. In 1817 a new law passed that would free slaves born before 1799 but not until 1827.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Free Blacks struggled with discrimination and interracial abolitionist activism continued. New York City's population jumped from 123,706 in 1820 (10,886 of whom were Black and of which 518 were enslaved) to 312,710 by 1840 (16,358 of whom were Black).&lt;ref name=Census1790to1990/&gt;
[[File:Hippolyte_Sebron_-_Rue_De_New-York_En_1840.jpg|alt=A painting of a snowy city street with horse-drawn sleds and a 19th-century fire truck under blue sky|thumb|[[Broadway (Manhattan)|Broadway]], which follows the Native American [[Wecquaesgeek]] Trail through Manhattan, 1840&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |last=Shorto |first=Russell |date=February 9, 2004 |title=The Streets Where History Lives |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/09/opinion/the-streets-where-history-lives.html |access-date=June 19, 2013 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

Also in the 19th century, the city was transformed by both commercial and residential development relating to its status as a national and [[International trade|international trading center]], as well as by European immigration, respectively.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Rosenwaike |first=Ira |url=https://archive.org/details/populationhistor00irar |title=Population History of New York City |date=1972 |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8156-2155-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/populationhistor00irar/page/55 55] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; The city adopted the [[Commissioners' Plan of 1811]], which expanded the city [[Grid plan#Early United States|street grid]] to encompass almost all of Manhattan. The 1825 completion of the [[Erie Canal]] through [[central New York]] connected the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] port to the agricultural markets and commodities of the North American interior via the Hudson River and the [[Great Lakes]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Bridges |first=William |title=Map of the City Of New York And Island Of Manhattan With Explanatory Remarks And References |year=1811}}; Lankevich (1998), pp. 67–68.&lt;/ref&gt; Local politics became dominated by [[Tammany Hall]], a [[political machine]] supported by [[Irish diaspora|Irish]] and [[German diaspora|German immigrants]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Mushkat |first=Jerome |url=https://archive.org/details/fernandowoodpoli0000mush |title=Fernando Wood: A Political Biography |publisher=[[Kent State University Press]] |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-87338-413-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/fernandowoodpoli0000mush/page/36 36] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1831, [[New York University]] was founded.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Communications |first=NYU Web |title=A Brief History of New York University |url=http://www.nyu.edu/content/nyu/en/faculty/governance-policies-and-procedures/faculty-handbook/the-university/history-and-traditions-of-new-york-university/a-brief-history-of-new-york-university |access-date=March 8, 2024 |website=nyu.edu |language=en }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Several prominent American literary figures lived in New York during the 1830s and 1840s, including [[William Cullen Bryant]], [[Washington Irving]], [[Herman Melville]], [[Rufus Wilmot Griswold]], [[John Keese]], [[Nathaniel Parker Willis]], and [[Edgar Allan Poe]]. Members of the business elite lobbied for the establishment of [[Central Park]], which in 1857 became the first [[Landscape design|landscaped park]] in an American city.&lt;ref&gt;Waxman, Sarah. [https://www.ny.com/articles/centralpark.html &quot;History of Central Park, New York&quot;], NY.com. Accessed January 16, 2024. &quot;New York's Central Park is the first urban landscaped park in the United States.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[Great Famine (Ireland)|Great Irish Famine]] brought a large influx of Irish immigrants, of whom more than 200,000 were living in New York by 1860, representing over a quarter of the city's population.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Cholera in Nineteenth Century New York |url=http://www.virtualny.cuny.edu/cholera/1866/cholera_1866_set.html |website=Virtual New York |publisher=[[City University of New York]] |access-date=October 31, 2021 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Extensive immigration from the German provinces meant that Germans comprised another 25% of New York's population by 1860.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harris&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Leslie M. |last=Harris |author-link=Leslie M. Harris |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TZx6A_M0yjQC |title=In the Shadow of Slavery: African Americans in New York City, 1626–1863 |date=2003 |publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]] |isbn=9780226317755 |at=Excerpted from pages 279–288 |section=The New York City Draft Riots |section-url=http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/317749.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author1=M.G. Leonard |title=H. Doc. 29-54 - Paupers and criminals. Memorial of the Corporation of the City of New York, relative to the exportation from abroad of paupers and criminals. January 25, 1847. Read, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/SERIALSET-00499_00_00-043-0054-0000 |website=GovInfo.gov |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |access-date=June 22, 2023 |pages=8–9 |date=January 20, 1847 |quote='Leaving their homes,' [immigrants] say, 'with the brightest prospects,' alluring representations presented to them of the blessed state of American life, a few scanty coins in their pockets, though feeling in the enjoyment of rugged health, and surrounded by their young and innocent offspring, little did they imagine the trials to which they would be exposed; but at length they discover to their sorrow, and very natural discontent, that the foul steerage of some ocean-tossed ship is to form the filthy receptacle of persons, crowded too with hordes of human beings, with scarcely space enough to contain the half of them—certainly not more than the ''quarter'' of them ''comfortably''; and thus huddled together ''en masse'', they become the &quot;''emigrant passengers''&quot; destined to this country. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== American Civil War ===
{{Main|New York City in the American Civil War|History of New York City (1855–1897)}}
[[File:The Departure of the 7th Regiment.jpg|thumb|Departure of the [[7th New York Militia Regiment]] for the defense of Washington, D.C., April 19, 1861]]
[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] candidates were consistently elected to local office, increasing the city's ties to the South and its dominant party. In 1861, Mayor [[Fernando Wood]] called on the [[Alderman|aldermen]] to declare independence from Albany and the United States after the South seceded, but his proposal was not acted on.&lt;ref name=&quot;Divided&quot; /&gt; Anger at new [[military conscription]] laws during the [[American Civil War]] (1861–1865), which spared wealthier men who could afford to hire a substitute, led to the [[New York City draft riots|Draft Riots of 1863]], whose most visible participants were ethnic Irish working class.&lt;ref name=&quot;Divided&quot; /&gt;

The draft riots deteriorated into attacks on New York's elite, followed by attacks on Black New Yorkers after fierce competition for a decade between Irish immigrants and Black people for work. Rioters burned the Colored Orphan Asylum to the ground.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harris&quot; /&gt; At least 120 people were killed.&lt;ref name=&quot;McPherson&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last1=McPherson |first1=James M. |last2=Hogue |first2=James Keith |url=https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0077430352 |title=Ordeal by Fire: The Civil War and Reconstruction |publisher=[[McGraw-Hill Education]] |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-07-743035-1 |page=399 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Eleven Black men were lynched over five days, and the riots forced hundreds of Blacks to flee. The Black population in Manhattan fell below 10,000 by 1865. The White working class had established dominance.&lt;ref name=&quot;Harris&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;McPherson&quot; /&gt; It was one of the worst incidents of [[List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States|civil unrest in American history]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Cook |first=Adrian |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QNkeBgAAQBAJ |title=The Armies of the Streets: The New York City Draft Riots of 1863 |year=1974 |pages=193–195 |publisher=[[University Press of Kentucky]] |isbn=9780813162553 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Late 19th and early 20th century ===
{{Main|History of New York City (1898–1945)|History of New York City (1946–1977)}}
[[File:Mulberry Street NYC c1900 LOC 3g04637u edit.jpg|thumb|Manhattan's [[Little Italy, Manhattan|Little Italy]] in the [[Lower East Side]], {{Circa|1900}}]]

In 1886, the [[Statue of Liberty]], a gift from [[France]], was dedicated in New York Harbor. The statue welcomed 14 million immigrants as they arrived via [[Ellis Island]] by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and is a symbol of the United States and American ideals of liberty and peace.&lt;ref name=&quot;Statue of Liberty UNESCO&quot;&gt;[https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 Statue of Liberty], [[UNESCO]]. Accessed December 28, 2023. &quot;Inaugurated in 1886, the sculpture stands at the entrance to New York Harbour and has welcomed millions of immigrants to the United States ever since.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nps.gov/stli/learn/historyculture/the-immigrants-statue.htm The Immigrant's Statue], [[Statue of Liberty National Monument]]. Accessed December 28, 2023. &quot;Between 1886 and 1924, almost 14 million immigrants entered the United States through New York. The Statue of Liberty was a reassuring sign that they had arrived in the land of their dreams.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1898, the City of New York was formed with the [[City of Greater New York|consolidation]] of Brooklyn (until then a separate city), the County of New York (which then included parts of the Bronx), the County of Richmond, and the western portion of the County of Queens.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=The 100 Year Anniversary of the Consolidation of the 5 Boroughs into New York City |url=http://nyc.gov/html/nyc100/html/classroom/hist_info/100aniv.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011221627/http://nyc.gov/html/nyc100/html/classroom/hist_info/100aniv.html |archive-date=October 11, 2007 |access-date=October 28, 2010 |website=NYC100 Centennial Celebration }}&lt;/ref&gt; The opening of the [[New York City Subway]] in 1904, first built as separate private systems, helped bind the new city together.&lt;ref name=&quot;Cudahy2004&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Brian J. |last=Cudahy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UfodzizzrfQC&amp;pg=PA2 |title=The New York Subway: Its Construction and Equipment : Interborough Rapid Transit, 1904 |publisher=[[Fordham University Press]] |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-8232-2401-2 |page=2 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Throughout the first half of the 20th century, the city became a world center for industry, commerce, and communication.&lt;ref name=&quot;Blake2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Angela M. |last=Blake |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v36fyM6qswYC&amp;pg=PT63 |title=How New York Became American, 1890–1924 |publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-8018-8874-8 |pages=63–66 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1904, the [[steamship]] ''[[PS General Slocum|General Slocum]]'' caught fire in the [[East River]], killing 1,021 people.&lt;ref name=&quot;Sheard1998&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Bradley |last=Sheard |url=https://archive.org/details/lostvoyagestwoce0000shea |title=Lost Voyages: Two Centuries of Shipwrecks in the Approaches to New York |publisher=Aqua Quest Publications, Inc. |year=1998 |isbn=978-1-881652-17-5 |page=[https://archive.org/details/lostvoyagestwoce0000shea/page/67 67] |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; In 1911, the [[Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire]], the city's worst industrial disaster, killed 146 garment workers and spurred the growth of the [[International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union]] and major improvements in factory safety standards.&lt;ref name=&quot;cornell1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=The 1911 Triangle Factory Fire |url=https://trianglefire.ilr.cornell.edu/ |access-date=February 9, 2017 |publisher=Kheel Center, [[Cornell University]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Old_timer_structural_worker2.jpg|alt=A man working on a steel girder high about a city skyline.|thumb|A [[construction worker]] atop the [[Empire State Building]] during its construction in 1930. The [[Chrysler Building]] is visible to the right.]]

New York's non-White population was 36,620 in 1890.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Rosenwaike |first=Ira |url=https://archive.org/details/populationhistor00irar |title=Population History of New York City |date=1972 |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8156-2155-3 |at=Table 30 |url-access=registration }}&lt;/ref&gt; New York City was a prime destination in the early 20th century for Blacks during the [[Great Migration (African American)|Great Migration]] from the American South, and by 1916, New York City had the largest urban [[African diaspora]] in North America.&lt;ref name=&quot;GatesHigginbotham2009&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first1=Henry Louis Jr. |last1=Gates |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E_vRLcgEdGoC&amp;pg=PR7 |title=Harlem Renaissance Lives from the African American National Biography |first2=Evelyn Brooks |last2=Higginbotham |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-19-538795-7 |page=7 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Harlem Renaissance]] of literary and [[Culture of New York City|cultural life]] flourished during the era of [[Prohibition in the United States|Prohibition]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Roche2015&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Linda De |last=Roche |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cOGOCgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PR18 |title=The Jazz Age: A Historical Exploration of Literature: A Historical Exploration of Literature |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-61069-668-5 |pages=18–19 }}&lt;/ref&gt; The larger economic boom generated construction of skyscrapers competing in height.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last1=Willis |first1=Carol |title=Form Follows Finance: Skyscrapers and Skylines in New York and Chicago |date=1995 |publisher=Princeton Architectural Press |location=New York |isbn=9781568980447 |pages=41, 85, 165 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

New York City became the most populous [[urban area#United States|urbanized area]] in the world in the early 1920s, overtaking [[London]]. The metropolitan area surpassed 10&amp;nbsp;million in the early 1930s, becoming the first [[megacity]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=New York Urbanized Area: Population &amp; Density from 1800 (Provisional) |url=http://www.demographia.com/db-nyuza1800.htm |access-date=July 8, 2009 |publisher=[[Demographia]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Great Depression]] saw the election of reformer [[Fiorello La Guardia]] as mayor and the fall of Tammany Hall after eighty years of political dominance.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Allen |first=Oliver E. |title=The Tiger—The Rise and Fall of Tammany Hall |publisher=[[Addison-Wesley Publishing Company]] |year=1993 |isbn=978-0-201-62463-2 |chapter=Chapter 9: The Decline |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/tigerrisefalloft00alle }}&lt;/ref&gt;

Returning [[World War II]] veterans created a post-war [[Business cycle|economic boom]] and the development of large [[housing tract]]s in eastern Queens and [[Nassau County, New York|Nassau County]], with Wall Street leading America's place as the world's dominant economic power. The [[United Nations headquarters]] was completed in 1952, solidifying New York's global [[geopolitical]] influence, and the rise of [[abstract expressionism]] in the city precipitated New York's displacement of Paris as the center of the art world.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Burns |first=Ric |date=August 22, 2003 |title=The Center of the World—New York: A Documentary Film (Transcript) |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/newyork/filmmore/pt.html |access-date=September 1, 2008 |publisher=PBS |archive-date=June 23, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623065806/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/newyork/filmmore/pt.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== Late 20th and early 21st centuries ===
{{Main|History of New York City (1978–present)|September 11 attacks}}
[[File:Stonewall_Inn_5_pride_weekend_2016.jpg|alt=A two-story building with brick on the first floor, with two arched doorways, and gray stucco on the second floor off of which hang numerous rainbow flags.|thumb|[[Stonewall Inn]] in [[Greenwich Village]], the site of the June 1969 [[Stonewall riots]] and the cradle of the modern [[gay rights|LGBTQ+ rights]] movement&lt;ref name=&quot;GayGreenwichVillage1&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first=Julia |last=Goicichea |date=August 16, 2017 |title=Why New York City Is a Major Destination for LGBT Travelers |url=https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/usa/new-york/articles/why-new-york-city-is-a-major-destination-for-lgbt-travelers/ |access-date=February 2, 2019 |publisher=The Culture Trip }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Workforce Diversity The Stonewall Inn, National Historic Landmark National Register Number: 99000562 |url=http://www.nps.gov/diversity/stonewall.htm |access-date=May 1, 2011 |publisher=[[National Park Service]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news |first=Eli |last=Rosenberg |date=June 24, 2016 |title=Stonewall Inn Named National Monument, a First for the Gay Rights Movement |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/25/nyregion/stonewall-inn-named-national-monument-a-first-for-gay-rights-movement.html |access-date=June 25, 2016 }}&lt;/ref&gt;]]

In 1969, the [[Stonewall riots]] were a series of violent protests by members of the [[LGBT community|gay community]] against a [[police raid]] that took place in the early morning of June 28, 1969, at the [[Stonewall Inn]] in [[Greenwich Village]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Murphy2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Timothy |last=Murphy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FeWMAQAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA572 |title=Reader's Guide to Lesbian and Gay Studies |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-135-94234-2 |page=572 }}&lt;/ref&gt; They are widely considered to be the single most important event leading to the [[gay liberation]] movement&lt;ref name=&quot;GayGreenwichVillage1&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;KentuckyStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Brief History of the Gay and Lesbian Rights Movement in the U.S. |url=http://www.uky.edu/~lbarr2/gws250spring11_files/Page1186.htm |access-date=September 2, 2017 |publisher=[[University of Kentucky]] |archive-date=November 18, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191118054142/http://www.uky.edu/~lbarr2/gws250spring11_files/Page1186.htm |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;PinkNewsStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first=Nell |last=Frizzell |date=June 28, 2013 |title=Feature: How the Stonewall riots started the LGBT rights movement |url=http://www.pinknews.co.uk/2013/06/28/feature-how-the-stonewall-riots-started-the-gay-rights-movement/ |access-date=August 31, 2017 |publisher=[[PinkNews]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;EncycloStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Stonewall-riots |title=Stonewall riots |encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=August 31, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; and the modern fight for [[LGBT rights by country or territory|LGBT rights]].&lt;ref name=&quot;NPSStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |date=June 2016 |title=Civil Rights at Stonewall National Monument |url=https://www.nps.gov/places/stonewall.htm |access-date=August 31, 2017 |publisher=[[National Park Service]] }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ObamaStonewall&quot;&gt;{{cite web |title=Obama inaugural speech references Stonewall gay-rights riots |url=http://www.northjersey.com/news/2012_Presidential_Election/Obama_inaugural_speech_references_Stonewall_riots.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530065722/http://www.northjersey.com/news/2012_Presidential_Election/Obama_inaugural_speech_references_Stonewall_riots.html |date=January 21, 2013 |archive-date=May 30, 2013 |access-date=July 2, 2013 |publisher=[[North Jersey Media Group]] }}&lt;/ref&gt; [[Wayne R. Dynes]], author of the ''[[Encyclopedia of Homosexuality]]'', wrote that [[drag queen]]s were the only &quot;[[transgender]] folks around&quot; during the Stonewall riots. The transgender community in New York City played a significant role in fighting for LGBT equality.&lt;ref name=&quot;TransEqualityNYC&quot;&gt;{{cite web |first=Cristan |last=Williams |date=January 25, 2013 |title=So, what was Stonewall? |url=http://transadvocate.com/so-what-was-stonewall_n_8424.htm |access-date=March 28, 2017 |publisher=The TransAdvocate }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Ford to City.PNG|thumb|right|October 1975 ''[[New York Daily News]]'' front page on President Ford's refusal to help the city avert bankruptcy|upright]]
In the 1970s, job losses due to [[Deindustrialization|industrial restructuring]] caused New York City to suffer from economic problems and rising crime rates.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Tannenbaum |first=Allan |title=New York in the 70s: A Remembrance |url=http://digitaljournalist.org/issue0402/at_intro.html |date=February 2004 |access-date=December 18, 2011 |publisher=[[The Digital Journalist]] |archive-date=March 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320194616/http://digitaljournalist.org/issue0402/at_intro.html |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; Growing fiscal deficits in 1975 led the city to appeal to the federal government for financial aid; President [[Gerald Ford]] gave a speech denying the request, which was paraphrased on the front page of the ''[[New York Daily News]]'' as &quot;FORD TO CITY: DROP DEAD.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[[Sam Roberts (journalist)|Roberts, Sam]]. [https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/28/nyregion/28veto.html &quot;Infamous 'Drop Dead' Was Never Said by Ford&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', December 28, 2006. Accessed February 20, 2024. &quot;Mr. Ford, on Oct. 29, 1975, gave a speech denying federal assistance to spare New York from bankruptcy. The front page of The Daily News the next day read: &quot;FORD TO CITY: DROP DEAD.&quot;... Moreover, the speech spurred New York's civic, business and labor leaders to rally bankers in the United States and abroad, who feared their own investments would be harmed if New York defaulted on its debt.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The [[Municipal Assistance Corporation]] was formed and granted oversight authority over the city's finances.&lt;ref&gt;Chan, Sewell. [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/14/nyregion/felix-rohatyn-dead.html &quot;Felix G. Rohatyn, Financier Who Piloted New York's Rescue, Dies at 91&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', December 14, 2019. Accessed February 20, 2024. &quot;For nearly two decades, from 1975 to 1993, as chairman of the state-appointed Municipal Assistance Corporation, Mr. Rohatyn had a say, often the final one, over taxes and spending in the nation's largest city, a degree of influence for an unelected official that rankled some critics. His efforts to meld private profit with the public good defined him: In the perception of many his name was synonymous with two institutions — the M.A.C., which was hastily created in 1975 to save the city from insolvency, and Lazard (formerly Lazard Frères), the storied investment firm that started as a dry-goods business in New Orleans in 1848.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; While a resurgence in the financial industry greatly improved the city's economic health in the 1980s, New York's crime rate continued to increase through that decade and into the beginning of the 1990s.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Effgen |first=Christopher |date=September 11, 2001 |title=New York Crime Rates 1960–2009 |url=http://www.disastercenter.com/crime/nycrime.htm |access-date=October 28, 2010 |publisher=Disastercenter.com }}&lt;/ref&gt;

By the mid-1990s, crime rates started to drop dramatically due to revised police strategies, improving economic opportunities, [[gentrification]], and new residents, both American transplants and new immigrants from Asia and Latin America.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}} New York City's population exceeded 8 million for the first time in the [[2000 United States census|2000 census]];&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nyc.gov/site/planning/planning-level/nyc-population/census-summary-2000.page Population - Decennial Census - Census 2000], [[New York City Department of City Planning]]. Accessed January 27, 2024. &quot;According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the population of New York City as of April 1, 2000, was 8,008,278, the largest enumerated census population in the city's history. The previous peak was in 1970, when the enumerated population stood at 7,894,862.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; further records were set in the [[2010 United States census|2010]] and [[2020 United States census|2020]] censuses.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nyc.gov/site/planning/planning-level/nyc-population/nyc-population.page Population], [[New York City Department of City Planning]]. Accessed January 27, 2024. &quot;The enumerated population of New York City's was 8,804,190 as of April 1, 2020, a record high population. This is an increase of 629,057 people since the 2010 Census.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Important new economic sectors, such as [[Silicon Alley]], emerged.&lt;ref name=&quot;Waller2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Irvin |last=Waller |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qQPGAgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA38 |title=Smarter Crime Control |publisher=[[Rowman &amp; Littlefield]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-4422-2170-3 |page=38 }}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Explosion following the plane impact into the South Tower (WTC 2) - B6019~11.jpg|thumb|The [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)|World Trade Center]], in [[Lower Manhattan]], during the [[September 11 attacks]] in 2001]]

The year [[2000]] was celebrated with fanfare in [[Times Square]].&lt;ref name=NYC-Y2K&gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/02/nyregion/year-2000-overview-2000-draws-rave-reviews-after-opening-night-night-jitters.html |title=THE YEAR 2000: THE OVERVIEW; 2000 Draws Rave Reviews After Opening Night Night Jitters |newspaper=The New York Times |date=January 6, 2000 |access-date=October 28, 2023 }}&lt;/ref&gt; New York City suffered the bulk of the [[Economic effects of the September 11 attacks#New York City|economic damage]] and largest loss of human life in the aftermath of the [[September 11 attacks|September 11, 2001, attacks]].&lt;ref name=&quot;Dieterle2017&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=David A. |last=Dieterle |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LmphDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA396 |title=Economics: The Definitive Encyclopedia from Theory to Practice [4 volumes] |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]] |year=2017 |isbn=978-0-313-39708-0 |page=396 }}&lt;/ref&gt; Two of the four hijacked airliners were flown into the twin towers of the World Trade Center, resulting in the collapse of both buildings and the deaths of 2,753 people, including 343 first responders from the [[New York City Fire Department]] and 71 law enforcement officers.&lt;ref&gt;Nelson, Joshua Q. [https://www.foxnews.com/media/former-fdny-commissioner-firefighters-9-11 &quot;Former FDNY commissioner on losing 343 firefighters on 9/11: 'We had the best fire chiefs in the world'&quot;], ''[[Fox News]]'', September 11, 2021. Accessed January 30, 2024. &quot;Of the 2,753 people killed at the World Trade Center, 343 were first responders from the Fire Department of New York, while another 71 were law enforcement officers from 10 different agencies.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

[[World Trade Center site#Planning for the new World Trade Center|The area was rebuilt]] with a [[World Trade Center (2001–present)|new World Trade Center]], the [[National September 11 Memorial and Museum]], and other new buildings and infrastructure,&lt;ref name=&quot;Greenspan2013&quot;&gt;{{cite book |first=Elizabeth |last=Greenspan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DMHzmpTK5rYC&amp;pg=PA152 |title=Battle for Ground Zero: Inside the Political Struggle to Rebuild the World Trade Center |publisher=[[St. Martin's Press]]/[[Harvard University]] |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-137-36547-7 |page=152 }}&lt;/ref&gt; including the [[World Trade Center Transportation Hub]], the city's third-largest hub.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.panynj.gov/wtcprogress/transportation-hub.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103164156/https://old.panynj.gov/wtcprogress/transportation-hub.html |title=World Trade Center Transportation Hub |publisher=[[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey]] |access-date=February 9, 2017 |archive-date=January 3, 2020 |quote=The state-of-the-art World Trade Center Transportation Hub, completed in 2016, serves 250,000 Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH) daily commuters and millions of annual visitors from around the world. At approximately 800,000 square feet, the Hub, designed by internationally acclaimed architect Santiago Calatrava, is the third-largest transportation center in New York City. |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt; The new One World Trade Center is the tallest skyscraper in the Western Hemisphere&lt;ref name=&quot;OneWTCtallest&quot;&gt;{{cite news |last1=Hetter |first1=Katia |last2=Boyette |first2=Chris |date=November 12, 2013 |title=It's official: One World Trade Center to be tallest U.S. skyscraper |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/11/12/travel/one-world-trade-center-tallest-us-building/index.html?hpt=hp_t2 |access-date=March 1, 2014 }}&lt;/ref&gt; and the [[List of tallest buildings in the world|world's seventh-tallest building]] by [[pinnacle]] height, with its [[spire]] reaching a symbolic {{convert|1776|ft|m|1}}, a reference to the year of [[United States Declaration of Independence|American independence]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=New York City Skyscraper Diagram |url=http://skyscraperpage.com/diagrams/?cityID=8 |access-date=January 22, 2013 |website=[[SkyscraperPage.com]] |publisher=Skyscraper Source Media }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=One World Trade Center |url=http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=7788 |access-date=February 9, 2017 |website=[[SkyscraperPage.com]] |publisher=Skyscraper Source Media |quote=The roof height is the same as original One World Trade Center. The building is topped out by a 124-meter (408-foot) spire. So the tower rises 1,776 feet (541-meter) which marks the year of the American declaration of Independence. }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |last=Lesser |first=Benjamin |date=April 30, 2012 |title=It's official: 1 World Trade Center is now New York's tallest skyscraper |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/real-estate/official-1-wtc-new-york-new-tallest-building-article-1.1069925 |access-date=January 22, 2013 |work=[[New York Daily News|Daily News]] |location=New York }}&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[Occupy Wall Street]] protests in [[Zuccotti Park]] in the [[Financial District, Manhattan|Financial District]] of Lower Manhattan began on September 17, 2011, receiving global attention and popularizing the [[Occupy movement]] against [[Social inequality|social]] and [[economic inequality]] worldwide.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |first=Joe |last=Nocera |author-link=Joe Nocera |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/15/opinion/nocera-two-days-in-september.html |title=Two Days in September |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 14, 2012 |access-date=May 6, 2017 |quote=On the left, that anger led, a year ago, to the rise of the Occupy Wall Street movement. Thus, Anniversary No. 2: Sept. 17, 2011, was the date Occupy Wall Street took over Zuccotti Park in Lower Manhattan, which soon led to similar actions in cities across the country. The movement's primary issue was income inequality—&quot;We are the 99 percent&quot;, they used to chant. }}&lt;/ref&gt;

New York City was [[Effects of Hurricane Sandy in New York|heavily impacted]] by [[Hurricane Sandy]] in October 2012, including flooding that led to the days-long shutdown of the subway system,&lt;ref&gt;Flegenheimer, Matt. [https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/31/nyregion/subways-may-be-shut-for-several-days-after-hurricane-sandy.html &quot;Flooded Tunnels May Keep City's Subway Network Closed for Several Days&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', October 30, 2012. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;As the remnants of Hurricane Sandy left the city on Tuesday, transit officials surveyed the damage to the system, which they shut down on Sunday night as a precaution. What they found was an unprecedented assault: flooded tunnels, battered stations and switches and signals likely damaged.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; and flooding of all [[East River]] subway tunnels and of all road tunnels entering Manhattan except the [[Lincoln Tunnel]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-112shrg81827/html/CHRG-112shrg81827.htm ''Superstorm Sandy: The Devastating Impact On The Nation's Largest Transportation Systems''], [[United States Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Surface Transportation, Maritime, Freight, and Ports]], December 6, 2012. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;The most damaging impact of the storm, from a transportation standpoint, was on the highway, transit, and rail tunnels in and out of Manhattan. All seven of the subway tunnels under the East River flooded, as did the Hudson River subway tunnel, the East River and Hudson River commuter rail tunnels, and the subway tunnels in lower Manhattan. Three of the four highway tunnels into Manhattan flooded, leaving only the Lincoln Tunnel open. While some subway service was restored three days after the storm, the PATH train service to the World Trade Center was only restored on November 26, four weeks after the storm, and subway service between the Rockaway peninsula and Howard Beach is not expected to be re-opened for months.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The New York Stock Exchange closed for two days due to weather for the first time since the [[Great Blizzard of 1888]].&lt;ref&gt;Strasburg, Jenny; Cheng, Jonathan; and Bunge, Jacob. [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970204789304578087131092892180 &quot;Behind Decision to Close Markets&quot;], ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'', October 29, 2012. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;Superstorm Sandy forced regulators and exchange operators to keep U.S. stock markets closed Tuesday, in the first weather-related shutdown to last more than one day since the Blizzard of 1888. The decision to close the New York Stock Exchange and other U.S. equity markets for a second straight day—reached by midafternoon Monday—renewed questions about the industry's disaster preparedness.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; At least 43 people died in New York City as a result of Sandy, and the economic losses in New York City were estimated to be roughly $19 billion.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-10-13/nyc-still-vulnerable-to-hurricanes-10-years-after-sandy &quot;NYC Still Vulnerable to Hurricanes 10 Years After Sandy&quot;], ''[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]'', October 13, 2022. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;Hurricane Sandy swept through New York City in October 2012, leading to 43 deaths and an estimated $19 billion in damages.... New York needs to step up its efforts and spend the $15 billion in federal grants that it received for recovery efforts, a new report by New York City Comptroller Brad Lander released on Thursday said.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; The disaster spawned long-term efforts towards infrastructural projects to counter [[climate change]] and rising seas, with $15&amp;nbsp;billion in federal funding received through 2022 towards those resiliency efforts.&lt;ref name=ClimateResiliency2/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://comptroller.nyc.gov/reports/ten-years-after-sandy/ ''Ten Years After Sandy; Barriers to Resilience''], [[New York City Comptroller]] [[Brad Lander]], October 13, 2022. Accessed January 15, 2024. &quot;Of the $15 billion of federal grants appropriated for Sandy recovery and resilience, the City has spent $11 billion, or 73%, as of June 2022.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

In March 2020, the first case of [[Coronavirus disease 2019|COVID-19]] in the city was confirmed.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |last=West |first=Melanie Grayce |date=March 1, 2020 |title=First Case of Coronavirus Confirmed in New York State |language=en-US |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/first-case-of-coronavirus-confirmed-in-new-york-state-11583111692 |access-date=July 10, 2020 |issn=0099-9660 }}&lt;/ref&gt; With its population density and extensive exposure to global travelers, the city rapidly replaced [[Wuhan]], China as the global epicenter of [[COVID-19 pandemic|the pandemic]] during the early phase, straining the city's healthcare infrastructure.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |date=August 2022 |title=When New York City was the COVID-19 pandemic epicenter: The impact on trauma care |journal=[[The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery]] |pmc=9322893 |quote=During early spring 2020, New York City (NYC) rapidly became the first US epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic. |last1=Liveris |first1=A. |last2=Stone Jr |first2=M. E. |last3=Markel |first3=H. |last4=Agriantonis |first4=G. |last5=Bukur |first5=M. |last6=Melton |first6=S. |last7=Roudnitsky |first7=V. |last8=Chao |first8=E. |last9=Reddy |first9=S. H. |last10=Teperman |first10=S. H. |last11=Meltzer |first11=J. A. |volume=93 |issue=2 |pages=247–255 |doi=10.1097/TA.0000000000003460 |pmid=35881035 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Robinson, David. [https://www.lohud.com/story/news/coronavirus/2020/03/27/how-new-york-city-became-coronavirus-pandemic-epicenter-what-know/2924735001/ &quot;COVID-19: How New York City became epicenter of coronavirus pandemic, what that means&quot;], ''[[The Journal News]]'', March 27, 2020. Accessed January 13, 2024. &quot;New York City's rise this month to become the new coronavirus pandemic's epicenter has far-reaching implications for communities statewide. Most pressing, the rapidly spreading virus that originated in Wuhan, China, threatens to overwhelm New York state's entire medical system, prompting a dire push for thousands of new hospital beds to treat infected New Yorkers. Further, the outbreak, which topped 44,600 confirmed cases statewide as of Friday, including 23,000 in New York City alone, is also devastating the entire state's economy and draining government coffers at all levels.... Why New York City's density, tourism made it vulnerable to coronavirus&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; Through March 2023, New York City recorded [[COVID-19 pandemic in New York City|more than 80,000 deaths]] from COVID-19-related complications.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/us/new-york-covid-cases.html &quot;Tracking Coronavirus in New York: Latest Map and Case Count&quot;], ''[[The New York Times]]'', March 23, 2023. Accessed January 13, 2024 &quot;Since the beginning of the pandemic, a total of 6,805,271 cases have been reported. At least 1 in 243 residents have died from the coronavirus, a total of 80,109 deaths.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

==جاگرافي==
[[فائل:Core of New York City by Sentinel-2.jpg|alt=|thumb|نيويارڪ شھر جو وچ جتي مينھٽن ٻيٽ واقع آهي]]
ھي شھر امريڪا جي اتر-اوڀر ۾ رياست، [[نيو يارڪ]] ۾، ھڊسن ندي جي [[ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] تي نيويارڪ بي ۾ ڇوڙ تي واقع آهي ۽ [[بوسٽن]] ۽ [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]] جي وچ ۾ واقع آهي. بوسٽن کان ھن شھر جو فاصلو &lt;small&gt;'''217'''&lt;/small&gt; ڪلوميٽر ۽ واشنگٽن ڊي سي کان &lt;small&gt;'''228'''&lt;/small&gt; ڪلوميٽر آهي.&lt;ref&gt;Washington, D.C. is {{convert|228|mi|km}} driving distance from New York, and Boston is {{convert|217|mi|km}} driving distance from New York.&amp;nbsp;– [https://maps.google.com/ Google Maps]&lt;/ref&gt;  &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://life.bio.sunysb.edu/marinebio/fc.1.estuaries.html |title=Information About the Hudson River Estuary |publisher=Life.bio.sunysb.edu |accessdate=August 20, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=nytimes&gt;{{cite news |first=Joseph |last=Berger |title=Reclaimed Jewel Whose Attraction Can Be Perilous |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/07/20/nyregion/20river.html|work=The New York Times |date=July 19, 2010 |accessdate=July 21, 2010}}
&lt;/ref&gt; آبادي ۾ اضافي ڪري ھن شھر جي ڪافي زمين سمنڊ مان ورتل آهي. ھيٺين مينھٽن جو علائقو، &quot;بيٽري پارڪ سٽي&quot; سمنڊ جي پاڻيءَ مان ورتل زمين تي جوڙيو ويو آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;gillespie-p71&quot;&gt;{{cite book |last=Gillespie |first=Angus K. |year=1999 |title=Twin Towers: The Life of New York City's World Trade Center |publisher=Rutgers University Press |page=71 |isbn=978-0-7838-9785-1}}&lt;/ref&gt; ڪل پکيڙ &lt;small&gt;'''{{convert|468.484|sqmi}}'''&lt;/small&gt; آهي، جنھن ۾ &lt;small&gt;'''{{convert|302.643|sqmi|abbr=on}}'''&lt;/small&gt; خشڪي ۽ &lt;small&gt;'''{{convert|165.841|sqmi|abbr=on}}'''&lt;/small&gt; پاڻي شامل آهن.&lt;ref name=&quot;CensusGazetteer&quot;&gt;[http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2010_place_list_36.txt New York State Gazetteer from 2010 United States Census], [[United States Census Bureau]]. Accessed February 9, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;NYT Land Estimate&quot;&gt;{{cite news |work=The New York Times |title=It's Still a Big City, Just Not Quite So Big |first=Sam |last=Roberts |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/22/nyregion/22shrink.html |accessdate=May 22, 2008 |date=May 22, 2008}}
&lt;/ref&gt; شھر جو بلند ترين ھنڌ، &quot;مائونٽ ٽاڊٽ&quot; آهي جيڪو اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ ۾ واقع آهي جنھن جي اوچائي {{convert|409.8|ft}} آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book |last=Lundrigan |first=Margaret |title=Staten Island: Isle of the Bay, NY |publisher=Arcadia Publishing |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-7385-2443-6 |page=10}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن جبل جي چوٽيءَ تي ٻيلي جا وڻ آھن جيڪي اسٽيٽن ٻيٽ جي گرين بيلٽ جو حصو آھن.

== آباديات ==

== معيشت ==

== ثقافت ==

== انساني وسيلا ==

== ٽرانسپورٽ ==

== حڪومت ۽ سياست ==

== قابل ذڪر ماڻهو ==

== پڻ ڏسو ==

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
* {{Official website}}
* [http://www.nycgo.com/ NYC Go] – official tourism website
* [http://collections.mcny.org/ Collections] – 145,000 NYC photographs at the [[Museum of the City of New York]]
* {{cite web |title=The New New York Skyline (interactive) |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/new-york-city-skyline-tallest-midtown-manhattan/ |date=November 2015 |work=[[National Geographic]]}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Trenton, New Jersey]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Capital of the United States&lt;br /&gt;of America|years=1785–1791}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Philadelphia]], Pennsylvania}}
{{s-end}}

{{Subject bar |book=New York City | commons=yes |n=yes |wikt=yes |b=yes |q=yes |s=yes |v=yes |voy=yes |d=yes }}{{Portal bar|United States|New York|New York City|Geography|Cities}}{{authority control}}

[[زمرو:نيويارڪ شهر]]
[[زمرو:نيو يارڪ|نيويارڪ رياست]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستون]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن ۾ وڏا شهر]]
[[زمرو:بندرگاهه وارا شهر]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا شھر]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن جا شهر]]
[[زمرو:نيويارڪ رياست جا شھر]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا بندرگاهه شھر]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن ۾ آباد ساحلي هنڌ]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن ۾ بندرگاهه وارا شهر]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن ۾ اڳوڻي راڄڌانيون]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن ۾ اڳوڻي رياستي راڄڌانيون]]
[[Category:1624 establishments in North America]]
[[Category:1624 establishments in the Dutch Empire]]
[[Category:1898 establishments in New York (state)]]
[[Category:1898 establishments in New York City]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1624]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1898]]

==حوالا==
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&lt;imagemap&gt;
Image:US state abbrev map.png|left
poly 62 5 102 15 96 47 81 44 69 44 61 42 54 42 52 35 46 32 46 9 [[رياست واشنگٽن]]
poly 45 32 24 70 29 75 35 77 63 85 87 90 92 67 91 65 91 60 94 60 99 51 97 47 84 44 69 44 61 43 54 42 52 36 [[اوریگون]]
poly 27 75 15 102 30 162 43 191 86 195 86 187 91 182 93 177 54 116 62 85 [[ڪيلي فورنيا]]
poly 4 227 75 227 76 279 3 278 [[هوائي]]
poly 78 227 151 227 196 295 197 323 4 324 4 281 77 282 [[الاسڪا]]
poly 111 17 103 16 96 47 99 52 94 61 91 65 86 90 133 99 138 71 136 68 133 69 123 70 118 55 114 55 118 44 116 44 110 35 107 25 [[ايڊاهو]]
circle 403 30 10 [[ورمونٽ]]
circle 428 30 11 [[نيو هيمپشائر]]
circle 484 72 11 [[ميساچوسٽس]]
circle 484 94 9 [[رهوڊ آئي لينڊ]]
circle 484 117 10 [[ڪنيڪٽيڪٽ]]
circle 485 137 10 [[نيو جرسي]]
circle 485 159 10 [[ڊيلاويئر]]
circle 485 182 11 [[ميري لينڊ]]
circle 484 202 9 [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]]
poly 196 29 157 25 109 17 108 27 110 37 117 45 114 55 119 54 122 71 137 70 139 66 192 73 [[مونٽانا]]
poly 245 31 198 30 194 63 250 65 250 59 [[اتر ڊڪوٽا]]
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poly 64 86 110 95 97 160 93 158 91 169 55 116 [[نيواڊا]]
poly 110 95 133 99 132 109 148 111 142 157 100 149 [[يوٽاهه]]
poly 142 155 99 149 98 156 95 159 91 158 93 175 86 194 84 197 115 215 134 218 [[ايريزونا]]
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poly 205 118 148 112 143 155 203 162 [[ڪولوراڊو]]
poly 144 156 135 217 142 217 144 213 158 214 159 212 191 216 196 163 [[نيو ميڪسيڪو]]
poly 251 103 247 99 239 99 235 97 191 96 189 116 205 118 204 129 261 130 257 124 [[نيبراسڪا]]
poly 262 130 206 130 203 162 266 163 267 139 263 136 266 133 [[ڪنساس]]
poly 195 162 195 167 220 167 220 189 231 195 236 195 240 198 251 198 263 198 270 201 268 176 268 164 [[اوڪلاهوما]]
poly 243 284 225 279 220 264 209 246 204 241 196 240 191 242 187 249 178 245 175 242 170 228 158 215 158 213 190 217 195 168 219 169 219 189 228 193 236 196 243 196 262 197 269 200 273 201 275 218 279 230 277 244 [[ٽيڪساس]]
poly 302 40 291 39 288 40 279 36 267 35 262 33 246 32 251 63 248 69 253 74 252 91 294 91 291 85 280 78 280 70 279 67 282 62 283 54 [[مينيسوٽا]]
poly 293 92 251 92 251 101 258 123 291 123 292 125 297 120 296 113 301 112 303 106 298 100 295 100 [[آئيووا]]
poly 311 172 313 165 314 166 315 160 313 160 310 153 303 148 305 141 300 140 300 136 293 129 293 123 258 124 262 131 265 132 262 136 266 140 268 169 305 168 306 172 [[مسوري]]
poly 308 183 312 173 306 173 308 167 268 170 269 201 273 201 273 207 300 206 300 202 299 198 311 173 [[آرڪنساس]]
poly 314 233 319 238 327 248 320 252 277 244 278 228 275 220 272 207 300 207 303 216 298 228 313 228 [[لوزيانا]]
poly 356 104 363 90 352 65 345 53 316 45 299 56 302 60 316 63 320 70 322 71 326 67 331 105 [[مشي گن]]
poly 299 56 294 57 294 54 284 57 283 64 279 69 281 77 293 87 296 99 301 102 320 100 325 69 321 71 318 66 318 64 301 59 [[وسڪونسن]]
poly 325 109 326 137 328 141 324 151 323 157 320 156 321 160 315 159 314 161 311 161 312 153 303 148 305 141 299 139 299 135 292 127 296 118 296 115 301 111 302 106 300 102 298 100 321 100 [[الينوائي]]
poly 346 104 331 107 323 109 327 138 324 151 336 151 338 146 341 149 345 140 350 138 [[انڊيانا]]
poly 380 97 371 105 364 107 360 105 346 106 350 134 354 135 358 138 367 137 371 140 373 134 375 134 376 130 382 125 382 111 [[اوهائيو]]
poly 383 112 382 125 376 129 375 133 373 133 372 137 370 140 370 143 378 151 381 151 381 150 384 150 390 147 392 141 394 135 398 135 400 130 403 126 403 123 405 123 406 124 408 124 408 122 406 120 403 121 395 126 393 121 393 121 389 123 385 123 [[اولهه ورجينيا]]
poly 370 143 370 140 366 137 363 138 358 138 355 136 350 134 350 137 345 140 341 148 338 146 336 150 324 151 323 156 320 156 320 159 316 159 315 165 313 167 321 167 325 165 333 164 343 163 351 162 362 162 365 160 370 156 373 153 376 150 [[ڪينٽڪي]]
poly 381 158 372 159 372 160 364 160 364 161 356 162 326 165 325 166 313 167 312 174 308 184 324 183 326 182 360 179 360 176 373 167 381 161 [[ٽينيسي]]
poly 326 183 322 183 315 184 306 184 300 196 300 207 302 214 298 224 297 228 310 228 311 227 314 227 315 233 317 236 328 235 327 226 326 219 [[مسيسپي]]
poly 349 181 326 182 326 219 328 234 332 238 340 234 335 225 359 224 358 217 357 207 348 181 326 182 [[الاباما]]
poly 369 178 363 179 360 179 355 179 354 180 348 180 357 207 359 223 361 226 384 225 386 227 388 227 387 222 393 222 395 206 388 197 374 184 369 182 [[جارجيا (آمريڪي رياست)]]
poly 395 222 387 222 387 226 385 227 385 225 367 226 360 226 358 223 354 224 347 225 335 226 340 234 360 241 380 244 385 267 400 281 392 292 400 293 423 281 412 248 [[فلوريڊا]]
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poly 455 68 458 68 479 46 477 39 465 19 452 19 448 32 447 42 446 47 450 61 [[ميني]]
desc bottom-left
&lt;/imagemap&gt;
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستون]]
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Image:US state abbrev map.png|left
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poly 245 31 198 30 194 63 250 65 250 59 [[اتر ڊڪوٽا]]
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poly 205 118 148 112 143 155 203 162 [[ڪولوراڊو]]
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poly 251 103 247 99 239 99 235 97 191 96 189 116 205 118 204 129 261 130 257 124 [[نيبراسڪا]]
poly 262 130 206 130 203 162 266 163 267 139 263 136 266 133 [[ڪنساس]]
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poly 293 92 251 92 251 101 258 123 291 123 292 125 297 120 296 113 301 112 303 106 298 100 295 100 [[آئيووا]]
poly 311 172 313 165 314 166 315 160 313 160 310 153 303 148 305 141 300 140 300 136 293 129 293 123 258 124 262 131 265 132 262 136 266 140 268 169 305 168 306 172 [[مسوري]]
poly 308 183 312 173 306 173 308 167 268 170 269 201 273 201 273 207 300 206 300 202 299 198 311 173 [[آرڪنساس]]
poly 314 233 319 238 327 248 320 252 277 244 278 228 275 220 272 207 300 207 303 216 298 228 313 228 [[لوزيانا]]
poly 356 104 363 90 352 65 345 53 316 45 299 56 302 60 316 63 320 70 322 71 326 67 331 105 [[مشي گن]]
poly 299 56 294 57 294 54 284 57 283 64 279 69 281 77 293 87 296 99 301 102 320 100 325 69 321 71 318 66 318 64 301 59 [[وسڪونسن]]
poly 325 109 326 137 328 141 324 151 323 157 320 156 321 160 315 159 314 161 311 161 312 153 303 148 305 141 299 139 299 135 292 127 296 118 296 115 301 111 302 106 300 102 298 100 321 100 [[الينوائي]]
poly 346 104 331 107 323 109 327 138 324 151 336 151 338 146 341 149 345 140 350 138 [[انڊيانا]]
poly 380 97 371 105 364 107 360 105 346 106 350 134 354 135 358 138 367 137 371 140 373 134 375 134 376 130 382 125 382 111 [[اوهائيو]]
poly 383 112 382 125 376 129 375 133 373 133 372 137 370 140 370 143 378 151 381 151 381 150 384 150 390 147 392 141 394 135 398 135 400 130 403 126 403 123 405 123 406 124 408 124 408 122 406 120 403 121 395 126 393 121 393 121 389 123 385 123 [[اولهه ورجينيا]]
poly 370 143 370 140 366 137 363 138 358 138 355 136 350 134 350 137 345 140 341 148 338 146 336 150 324 151 323 156 320 156 320 159 316 159 315 165 313 167 321 167 325 165 333 164 343 163 351 162 362 162 365 160 370 156 373 153 376 150 [[ڪينٽڪي]]
poly 381 158 372 159 372 160 364 160 364 161 356 162 326 165 325 166 313 167 312 174 308 184 324 183 326 182 360 179 360 176 373 167 381 161 [[ٽينيسي]]
poly 326 183 322 183 315 184 306 184 300 196 300 207 302 214 298 224 297 228 310 228 311 227 314 227 315 233 317 236 328 235 327 226 326 219 [[مسيسپي]]
poly 349 181 326 182 326 219 328 234 332 238 340 234 335 225 359 224 358 217 357 207 348 181 326 182 [[الاباما]]
poly 369 178 363 179 360 179 355 179 354 180 348 180 357 207 359 223 361 226 384 225 386 227 388 227 387 222 393 222 395 206 388 197 374 184 369 182 [[جارجيا (آمريڪي رياست)]]
poly 395 222 387 222 387 226 385 227 385 225 367 226 360 226 358 223 354 224 347 225 335 226 340 234 360 241 380 244 385 267 400 281 392 292 400 293 423 281 412 248 [[فلوريڊا]]
poly 413 184 402 175 397 175 397 176 392 176 389 173 380 173 369 178 369 182 374 184 388 198 393 206 397 206 414 190 [[ڏکڻ ڪيرولينا]]
poly 411 154 404 155 387 158 381 158 380 161 372 167 362 174 359 177 359 179 364 179 369 178 378 174 385 173 389 173 392 176 397 176 397 175 402 175 413 183 416 186 440 164 434 151 429 150 420 152 [[اتر ڪيرولينا]]
poly 420 134 416 133 414 132 414 129 415 129 415 126 412 125 410 124 408 123 408 124 405 124 404 123 403 124 403 126 399 131 398 134 394 135 390 147 384 150 381 150 380 151 378 151 376 149 370 154 370 156 364 160 370 160 374 159 380 158 388 158 411 154 429 150 432 148 436 133 433 131 428 134 [[ورجينيا]]
poly 423 115 416 116 415 117 411 118 406 120 410 124 413 125 414 123 416 124 415 126 414 132 419 134 422 134 428 134 436 129 428 129 425 122 423 116 [[ميري لينڊ]]
poly 405 120 393 121 394 125 395 126 [[ميري لينڊ]]
poly 413 123 413 126 416 126 416 124 414 123 [[واشنگٽن ڊي سي]]
poly 426 114 423 115 427 128 436 129 428 120 [[ڊيلاويئر]]
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poly 424 114 421 116 416 116 407 119 401 120 394 121 391 122 386 122 385 116 382 99 386 95 388 97 422 90 427 96 426 105 430 109 428 112 427 114 [[پنسلوانيا]]
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poly 455 68 458 68 479 46 477 39 465 19 452 19 448 32 447 42 446 47 450 61 [[ميني]]
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[[زمرو:جاگرافي بلحاظ ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جي جاگرافي]]</text>
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[[زمرو:کنڊ]]
[[زمرو:دنيا]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا کنڊ]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا کنڊ جا علائقا]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>اداڪار</title>
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      <comment>خودڪار: [[زمرو:اداڪار]] جو اضافو</comment>
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      <text bytes="1460" sha1="6z98bisjgp7i4b4mui606v2mphbz8up" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Atkinson Rowan.jpg|thumb|مشھور ڪردار ''مسٽر بين'' جو اداڪار [[ايٽنڪنسن رووان]]]]
'''اداڪار''' يا اداڪاره ھڪ اھڙي شخصيت کي چئبو آھي جيڪا ڪنھن [[فلم]]، ٿيٽر، تمثيل، [[ريڊيو]] يا ڪنھن بہ ڊرامائي پيشڪش ۾ [[اداڪاري]] ڪندي آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{سانچو:حوالو ويب|url=http://www.prospects.ac.uk/cms/ShowPage/Home_page/Explore_types_of_jobs/Types_of_Job/p!eipaL?state=showocc&amp;pageno=1&amp;idno=465|title=Actor: Job description and activities|publisher=Prospects UK|accessdate=2009-02-12|last=|first=}}&lt;/ref&gt; اداڪار جي لاءِ قديم يوناني زبان جي لفظ &quot; Hypokrites &quot; جو مطلب ھڪ اھڙو شخص آھي جيڪو وضاحت يا ترجماني ڪندو آھي. ان تشريح جي مطابق اداڪار اھو آھي جيڪو پنھنجي حرڪتن ۽ سڪناتن ۽ گفتار سان ڪنھن ڪردار جي وضاحت يا ترجماني ڪندو آھي. اداڪار ڊرامي جي ڪهاڻيءَ ۾ پنهنجي حيثيت آهر عمل ۽ گفتگو ڪري پنهنجو اختيار ڪيل ڪردار ادا ڪندو آهي.&lt;ref&gt;ڪتاب: ادبي اصطلاحن جي تشريحي لغت؛ مرتب: مختيار احمد ملاح؛ پبلشر: [[سنڌي لئنگئيج اٿارٽي]]، حيدرآباد، سنڌ.&lt;/ref&gt; 

== حوالا ==
&lt;references /&gt;
[[زمرو:اداڪار]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ڪراچيءَ جي يونين ڪائونسلن جي فھرست</title>
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      <text bytes="23548" sha1="cmiu89q94cuf0muqo7ifszclzlaop8t" xml:space="preserve">ھن مضمون کي گوگل ترجمو تي ترجمو ڪيو ويو آھي ان کي بھتر بڻائڻ جي ضرورت آھي.

'''ڪراچي جون يونين ڪائونسلون''' [[ڪراچي]] ۾ مقامي حڪومتون آهن.

يونين ڪائونسل ۾ [[پاڪستان]] جي بنيادي governmental ادارو آهي. هڪ [[يونين ناظم]] جي سربراهي ۾، هر يونين ڪائونسل 13 چونڊيل ميمبرن [[councilors]] چڪو آهي يا. چار مرد ۽ ٻن عورت ميمبرن کي سڌو سنئون چونڊيل ڪرڻ کان سواء، اتي ٻه مرد ۽ محنت جي ٻن مادي جي نمائندن، هڪ اقليت ميمبر، هڪ يونين ناظم ۽ سندس نائب جي حيثيت ۾ [[يونين Naib اينٽي]] معلوم آهن. چونڊيل ميمبرن کانسواء، اتي ڪيترن ئي سرڪاري ملازمن ۽ هر يونين ڪائونسل ۾ functionaries، جن جي يونين ڪائونسل جي سيڪريٽري کي رپورٽ آهن. جنهنڪري هڪ [[سرڪاري ملازم]] رياست طرفان مقرر ڪيل آهي. يا | هڪ [[يونين ڪائونسل]] [[پاڪستان جون يونين ڪائونسلون|يونين ڪائونسل]] جو سڏجي ٿو [[ٽائون ڪائونسل|ڳوٺ ڪائونسل]] اڪثر ڪري هڪ [[تحصيل]] (ملڪ) جو حصو آهي. گهٽ عام طور تي، هڪ يونين ڪائونسل هڪ جو حصو ٿي سگهي ٿو [[سٽي ڊسٽرڪٽ]] پاڪستان جي [[شهر ضلعن]].

==ڪراچي جون يونين ڪاؤنسلون ==
.هيٺيون ڪراچي جي يونين ڪائونسلن جي فهرست آهي ۽ انهن جي واسطيدار علائقن ۽ ڀرپاسي وارن علائقن. ڪراچيءَ ۾ ڪل 18 ٽائون ، ۽ 178 يونين ڪائونسلون آهن.

{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!واھڻ||[[آبادي]] &lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;1998&lt;/small&gt;||يوسين. جو انگ
!rowspan=19 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:Karachi admin.PNG|400px|The 18 Towns of Karachi]]
|-
|-
|align=&quot;right&quot;|[[لياري ٽائون]]||&lt;div align=right&gt;607,992&lt;/div&gt;||&lt;div align=left&gt;11&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|align=&quot;right&quot;|[[صدر ٽائون]]||&lt;div align=right&gt;616,151&lt;/div&gt;||&lt;div align=left&gt;11&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|align=&quot;right&quot;|[[جمشيد ٽائون]]||&lt;div align=right&gt;733,821&lt;/div&gt;||&lt;div align=left&gt;13&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|align=&quot;right&quot;|[[گڏاپ ٽائون]]||&lt;div align=right&gt;289,564&lt;/div&gt;||&lt;div align=left&gt;8&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|align=&quot;right&quot;|[[سائيٽ ٽائون]]||&lt;div align=right&gt;467,560&lt;/div&gt;||&lt;div align=left&gt;9&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|align=&quot;right&quot;|[[ڪياماڙي ٽائون]]||&lt;div align=right&gt;383,778&lt;/div&gt;||&lt;div align=left&gt;8&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|align=&quot;right&quot;|[[شاھ فيصل ٽائون]]||&lt;div align=right&gt;335,823&lt;/div&gt;||&lt;div align=left&gt;7&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|align=&quot;right&quot;|[[ڪورنگي ٽائون]]||&lt;div align=right&gt;546,504&lt;/div&gt;||&lt;div align=left&gt;9&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|align=&quot;right&quot;|[[لانڍي ٽائون]]||&lt;div align=right&gt;666,748&lt;/div&gt;||&lt;div align=left&gt;12&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|align=&quot;right&quot;|[[بن قاسم ٽائون]]||&lt;div align=right&gt;315,684&lt;/div&gt;||&lt;div align=left&gt;7&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|align=&quot;right&quot;|[[ملير ٽائون]]||&lt;div align=right&gt;604,763&lt;/div&gt;||&lt;div align=left&gt;7&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|align=&quot;right&quot;|[[گلشن اقبال ٽائون|گلشن-اقبال ٽائون]]||&lt;div align=right&gt;646,662&lt;/div&gt;||&lt;div align=left&gt;13&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|align=&quot;right&quot;|[[لياقت آباد ٽائون]]||&lt;div align=right&gt;649,091&lt;/div&gt;||&lt;div align=left&gt;11&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|align=&quot;right&quot;|[[نارٿ ناظم آباد ٽائون]]||&lt;div align=right&gt;500,000&lt;/div&gt;||&lt;div align=left&gt;10&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|align=&quot;right&quot;|[[گلبرگ ٽائون]]||&lt;div align=right&gt;453,490&lt;/div&gt;||&lt;div align=left&gt;8&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|align=&quot;right&quot;|[[نيو ڪراچي ٽائون|نئون ڪراچي ٽائون]]||&lt;div align=right&gt;684,183&lt;/div&gt;||&lt;div align=left&gt;13&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|align=&quot;right&quot;|[[اورنگي ٽائون]]||&lt;div align=right&gt;723,694&lt;/div&gt;||&lt;div align=left&gt;13&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|align=&quot;right&quot;|[[بلديا ٽائون]]||&lt;div align=right&gt;406,165&lt;/div&gt;||&lt;div align=left&gt;8&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|}
{{-}}

=== [[بلديا ٽائون]] ===
{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background:#ffdead;&quot;|'''يونين ڪائونسل'''
!rowspan=9 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:Baldia Town Karachi.PNG|200px]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 1 [[گلشن غازي]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 2 [[اتحاد ٽائون]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 3 [[اسلام نگر]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 4 [[نئي آبادي|نئين آبادي]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 5 [[سعيد آباد]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 6 [[مسلم مجاهد ڪالوني|مجاھد ڪالوني]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7 [[مهاجر ڪيمپ]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 8 [[رشيد آباد]]
|-
|}
{{-}}

=== [[بن قاسم ٽائون]] ===
{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background:#ffdead;&quot;|'''يونين ڪائونسل'''
!rowspan=8 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:BinQasimTown Karachi.PNG|200px]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 1 [[ابراهيم حيدري]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 2 [[ريڙهي ڳوٺ]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 3 [[ڪيٽل ڪالوني]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 4 [[قائدآباد]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 5 [[لانڊي ڪالوني]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 6 [[گلشن حديد]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7 [[گگھر]]
|-style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7[[غضافي ٽائون]]
|}
{{-}}

=== [[گڏاپ ٽائون]] ===
{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background:#ffdead;&quot;|'''يونين ڪائونسل'''
!rowspan=9 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:GadapTown Karachi.PNG|200px]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 1 [[ميمڻ|ميمڻ ڳوٺ]] 
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 2 [[درساڻو ڇنو]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 3 [[گڏاپ]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 4 [[گجرو]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 5 [[سونگل]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 6 [[مئمار آباد]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7 يوسف ڳوٺ 
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 8 [[منگهو پير|منگھو پير]]
|-
|}
{{-}}
===گلبرگ ٽائون===
{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background:#ffdead;&quot;|'''يونين ڪائونسل'''
!rowspan=9 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:GulbergTown_Karachi.PNG|200px]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 1 [[عزيز آباد]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 2 [[ڪريم آباد (گلبرگ)|ڪريم آباد]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 3 [[عائشه منزل]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 4 [[انچولي]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 5 [[نصيرآباد (گلبرگ)|نصيرآباد]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 6 [[ياسين آباد (گلبرگ)|ياسين آباد]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7 [[واٽر پمپ (گلبرگ)|واٽر پمپ]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 8 [[شفيق مل|شفيق مل ڪالوني]]
|-
|}
{{-}}

===گلشن ٽائون===
{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background:#ffdead;&quot;|'''يونين ڪائونسل'''
!rowspan=14 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:GulshanTown Karachi.PNG|300px]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 1 [[دھلي مرڪنٽائل سوسائٽي|دهلي مرڪنٽائل سوسائٽي]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 2 [[سوڪ سينٽر]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 3 [[پير الاھي بخش|پير الاهي بخش ڪالوني]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 4 [[عيسا نگري|عيسي نگري]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 5 [[گلشن اقبال، ڪراچي|گلشن اقبال I]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 6 [[گيلاني ريلوي اسٽيشن]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7 [[شانتي نگر]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 8 [[جمالي ڪالوني]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 9 [[گلشن اقبال، ڪراچي|گلشن اقبال II]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 10 [[پھلوان ڳوٺ|پهلوان ڳوٺ]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 11 [[ميٽروول III]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 12 [[گلزار هجري]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 13 صفورا ڳوٺ
|-
|
|}
{{-}}

=== [[Jamshed Town]] ===
{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background:#ffdead;&quot;|'''Union Council'''
!rowspan=14 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:JamshedTown Karachi.PNG|200px]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 1 [[Akhtar Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 2 [[Manzoor Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 3 [[Azam Basti]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 4 [[Chanesar Goth]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 5 [[Mahmudabad (Karachi)|Mahmudabad]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 6 [[PECHS|P.E.C.H.S.]] (''Pakistan Employees Co-operative Housing Society'') 
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7 [[PECHS-II|P.E.C.H.S. II]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 8 [[Jut Line]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 9 [[Central Jacob Lines]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 10 [[Jamshed Quarters]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 11 [[Garden East]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 12 [[Soldier Bazar]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 13 [[Pakistan Quarters]]
|-
|}
{{-}}

=== [[Kemari Town]] ===

{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background:#ffdead;&quot;|'''Union Council'''
!rowspan=9 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:KemariTown Karachi.PNG|200px]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 1 [[Bhutta Village]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 2 [[Sultanabad, Karachi|Sultanabad]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 3 [[Kiamari]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 4 [[Baba Bhit]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 5 [[Machar Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 6 [[Maripur]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7 [[SherShah]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 8 [[Gabo Pat]]
|-
|}
{{-}}

=== [[Korangi Town]] ===

{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background:#ffdead;&quot;|'''Union Council'''
!rowspan=10 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:KorangiTown Karachi.PNG|200px]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 1 [[Bilal Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 2 [[Nasir Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 3 [[Chakra Goth]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 4 [[Mustafa Taj Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 5 [[Hundred Quarters]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 6 [[Gulzar Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7 [[Korangi Sector 33]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 8 [[Zaman Town]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 9 [[Hasrat Mohani Colony]]
|-
|}
{{-}}

=== [[Landhi Town]] ===

{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background:#ffdead;&quot;|'''Union Council'''
!rowspan=13 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:LandhiTown Karachi.PNG|200px]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 1 [[Muzafarabad (Karachi)|Muzafarabad]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 2 [[Muslimabad]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 3 [[Dawood Chowrangi]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 4 [[Moinabad, Karachi|Moinabad]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 5 [[Sharafi Goth]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 6 [[Bhutto Nagar]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7 [[Khawaja Ajmeer Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 8 [[Landhi]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 9 [[Awami Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 10 [[Burmee Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 11 [[Korangi]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 12 [[Landhi Town, Karachi|Sherabad]]
|-
|}
{{-}}

=== [[Liaquatabad Town]] ===

{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background:#ffdead;&quot;|'''Union Council'''
!rowspan=12 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:LiaquatabadTown Karachi.PNG|200px]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 1 [[Rizvia Society|Rizvia Society (R.C.H.S.)]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 2 [[Firdous Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 3 [[Super Market (Karachi)|Super Market]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 4 [[Dak Khana]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 5 [[Qasimabad (Karachi)|Qasimabad]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 6 [[Bandhani Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7 [[Sharifabad, Karachi|Sharifabad]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 8 [[Commercial Area]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 9 [[Mujahid Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 10 [[Nazimabad]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 11 [[Abbasi Shaheed]]
|-
|}
{{-}}

=== [[Lyari Town]] ===

{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background:#ffdead;&quot;|'''Union Council'''
!rowspan=12 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:LyariTown Karachi.PNG|200px]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 1 [[Agra Taj Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 2 [[Daryaabad]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 3 [[Nawabad]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 4 [[Khada Memon Society]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 5 [[Baghdadi (Karachi)|Baghdadi]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 6 [[Mossa lane (Karachi)|Baghdadi]]
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7 [[Shah Baig Line]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 8 [[Bihar Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 9 [[Ragiwara]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 10 [[Singo Line]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 11 [[Chakiwara]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 12 [[Allama Iqbal Colony]]
|-
|}
{{-}}

=== [[Malir Town]] ===

{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background:#ffdead;&quot;|'''Union Council'''
!rowspan=8 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:MalirTown Karachi.PNG|200px]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 1 [[Model Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 2 [[Kala Board]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 3 [[Saudabad]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 4 [[Khokhra Par (Karachi)|Khokhra Par]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 5 [[Jafar-e-Tayyar]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 6 [[Gharibabad]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7 [[Ghazi Brohi Goth]]
|-
|}
{{-}}

=== [[North Karachi Town]] ===

{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background:#ffdead;&quot;|'''Union Council'''
!rowspan=14 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:NewKarachiTown Karachi.PNG|200px]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 1 [[North Karachi]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 2 [[Sir Syed Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 3 [[Fatima Jinnah Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 4 [[Godhra (Karachi)|Godhra]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 5 [[Abu Zar Ghaffari]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 6 [[Hakim Ahsan]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7 [[Madina Colony (New Karachi Town)|Madina Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 8 [[Faisal Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 9 [[Khamiso Goth]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 10 [[Mustufa Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 11 [[Khawaja Ajmeer Nagri]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 12 [[Gulshan-e-Saeed]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 13 [[Shah Nawaz Bhutto Colony]]
|-
|}
{{-}}

=== [[North Nazimabad Town]] ===

{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background:#ffdead;&quot;|'''Union Council'''
!rowspan=11 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:NorthNazimabadTown Karachi.PNG|200px]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 1 [[Paposh Nagar]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 2 [[Pahar Ganj (Karachi)|Pahar Ganj]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 3 [[Khandu Goth]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 4 [[Hyderi]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 5 [[Sakhi Hassan]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 6 [[Farooq-e-Azam]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7 [[Nusrat Bhutto Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 8 [[Shadman Town]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 9 [[Buffer Zone, Karachi|Buffer Zone]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 10 [[Buffer Zone II]]
|-
|}
{{-}}

=== [[Orangi Town]] ===

{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background:#ffdead;&quot;|'''Union Council'''
!rowspan=14 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:OrangiTown Karachi.PNG|200px]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 1 [[Mominabad]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 2 [[Haryana Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 3 [[Hanifabad]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 4 [[Mohammad Nagar]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 5 [[Madina Colony (Orangi Town)|Madina Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 6 [[Ghaziabad (Karachi)|Ghaziabad]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7 [[Chisti Nagar]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 8 [[Bilal Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 9 [[Iqbal Baloch Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 10 [[Gabol Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 11 [[Data Nagar]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 12 [[Mujahidabad]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 13 [[Baloch Goth]]
|-
|}
{{-}}

=== [[صدر ٽائون]] ===

{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background:#ffdead;&quot;|'''Union Council'''
!rowspan=12 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:SaddarTown Karachi.PNG|200px]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 1 [[Old Haji Camp]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 2 [[Garden (Karachi)|Garden]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 3 [[Kharadar]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 4 [[City Railway Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 5 [[Nanak Wara]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 6 [[Gazdarabad]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7 [[Millat Nagar]]/[[Islam Pura]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 8 [[Saddar]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 9 [[Civil Line]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 10 [[Clifton (Karachi)|Clifton]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 11 [[Kehkashan (Karachi)|Kehkashan]]
|-
|}
{{-}}

=== [[Shah Faisal Town]] ===

{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background:#ffdead;&quot;|'''Union Council'''
!rowspan=8 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:ShahFaisalTown Karachi.PNG|200px]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 1 [[Natha Khan Goth]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 2 [[Pak Sadat Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 3 [[Shah Faisal Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 4 [[Raita Plot]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 5 [[Moria Khan Goth]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 6 [[Rafa-e-Aam Society]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7 [[Al-Falah Society]]
|-
|}
{{-}}

=== [[S.I.T.E. Town]] (Sindh Industrial &amp; Trading Estate) ===

{|class=&quot;sortable wikitable&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;left&quot;
|-
!style=&quot;background:#ffdead;&quot;|'''Union Council'''
!rowspan=10 style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot;|
&lt;br&gt;[[فائل:SiteTown Karachi.PNG|200px]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 1 [[Pak Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 2 [[Old Golimar]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 3 [[Jahanabad (Karachi)|Jahanabad]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 4 [[Metrovil]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 5 [[Bhawani Chali]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 6 [[Frontier Colony]]
|-
|style=&quot;border-bottom:1px solid grey;&quot;|U.C. 7 [[Banaras Colony]]
|-

|}
{{-}}

== پڻ ڏسو ==
* [[ڪراچي]]

== خارجي ڳنڍڻا ==
* [http://www.karachicity.gov.pk Karachi City-District Government] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020325142014/http://www.karachicity.gov.pk/ |date=2002-03-25 }}
* [http://www.lgdsindh.com.pk/ Town Municipal Administration, Sindh] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616174048/http://www.lgdsindh.com.pk/ |date=2019-06-16 }}
* [http://www.dawn.com/news/1225472 Understanding Karachi and the 2015 local elections]

{{ڪراچي جا ڀرپاسا}}
==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:ڪراچي جي يونين ڪائونسلون]]
[[زمرو:سنڌ جون يونين ڪائونسلون]]
[[زمرو:ڪراچي بابت فهرستون]]</text>
      <sha1>cmiu89q94cuf0muqo7ifszclzlaop8t</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>تاثريت</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="4042" sha1="krcbp773757196tscpkzlk1iu4fas2n" xml:space="preserve">'''تاثريت جي تحريڪ''' (Impressionism) 1863ع ۾”[[مو]]“ نالي هڪ [[مصور]] پنهنجي هڪ [[تصوير]] ٺاهي”تاثرات“ ذريعي هيءَ تحريڪ شروع ڪئي. تاثريت جي ادبي آغاز جي سراغ لڳائڻ لاءِ پهريائين فرانسيسي ناول نگارن ”[[زولا]]“ (1940-1902ع) ۽ ”[[فلوبيرٽ]]“ (1821-1880ع) جي تحريرن ڏانهن رجوع ڪيو ويندو هو، جن جي حقيقت نگاريءَ جي خلاف هڪ چڱو چوکو رد عمل شروع ٿي چڪو هو. پر اڳتي هلي ادبي تاثريت پنهنجي هڪ جداگانہ حيثيت قائم ڪري ورتي. &lt;ref&gt;ڪتاب: ادبي اصطلاحن جي تشريحي لغت؛ مرتب: مختيار احمد ملاح؛ پبلشر: [[سنڌي لئنگئيج اٿارٽي]]، حيدرآباد، سنڌ.&lt;/ref&gt;

== اطاليا ۾ پکڙجڻ ==
اٽلي جي ان فنڪارن مان جيڪي امپريشنسٽ موضوعن کي پنهنجي الڳ ۽ گهرو عبوري انداز ۾ ترقي ڏني، [[فرانچسکو فلِپيني]] (1853–1895) هڪ نمايان مقام رکي ٿو. جيتوڻيڪ هو ڪنهن رسمي فنڪاري تحريڪ سان وابسته نه هو، پر هن جي رنگڪاري اٽلي جي فنڪار نسل کي ڄڻ هڪ قسم جي بصري اسڪول لاءِ هڪ رهنمائي ڏني، جيڪا قومي سطح تي ۽ يورپي آفاقن تائين پهتي.&lt;ref&gt;V. Terraroli (a cura di), ''Francesco Filippini. Catalogo generale delle opere'', Skira, Milano, 1999.&lt;/ref&gt;

عصري ناقد هن کي “فرانسيسي امپريشنزم جو اطالوي جواب” تسليم ڪن ٿا، پر ان سان گڏ هن جي فن ۾ آزاديءَ، گهراين ۽ ذاتي خوبيون پڻ آهن. [[ڪلاڊ مونيه]] جي برعڪس، جنھن جي ڪيريئر کي جزوي طور تي [[آرٽ مارڪيٽ|گيلرستان]] سنڀاليو، جيڪي آمريڪي [[سالن|salons]] جي مزاج مطابق رنگ چونڊيندا هيا، بازار جي مقصد لاءِ رنگن کي ترتيب ڏيندا هيا،&lt;ref&gt;Nancy Locke, “Monet and Modernism in America”, in ''The Art Bulletin'', vol. 82, n. 3, 2000.&lt;/ref&gt; فلِپيني آزاد رهي، ڪنهن به تجارتي ذميواري کان پاسو ڪيو ۽ هڪ [[استعارتي]]، [[اخلاقي]] ۽ [[فلسفي]] انداز ۾ رنگڪاري اختيار ڪئي.&lt;ref&gt;Rossana Bossaglia, ''La scapigliatura'', Mondadori Electa, Milano, 1985.&lt;/ref&gt;

هن جي [[زرعي منظر|زرعي منظرن]] جي پيشڪش — جيڪا [[روشني (فن)|فضائي روشني]] ۽ ديہاتي زندگي جي عزت تي مبني هئي — هڪ انفرادي شاعرانہ انداز پيدا ڪيو، جيڪو ورجاءُ کان ڇٽي ۽ بازار جا تقاضا نه مڃيندڙ هيو. ڪجھ مطالعات هن کي “انٽيڪا جي دور جي اهم ترين اطالوي آرٽسٽ” طور تسليم ڪن ٿيون، جنهن پنھنجي وقت جي سوچ ۾ هڪ نئين سجاڳي آندي.&lt;ref&gt;M. De Micheli, ''Le avanguardie artistiche del Novecento'', Feltrinelli, Milano, 1966.&lt;/ref&gt; هن کي هڪ [[انقلابي]] ۽ [[مستقبلي تحريڪ|فيوٽرسٹ]] جذبن جو پڻ هڪ عالمی مشهور اڳواڻ تسليم ڪيو وڃي ٿو، خاص طور تي [[امبرٽو بوچوني]] تي ان جي اثر جي مدد سان.&lt;ref&gt;Enrico Crispolti, ''Boccioni. Catalogo generale'', Electa, Milano, 1971, vol. I, p. 42.&lt;/ref&gt;

اڄڪلهه، سندس گهٽ ملندڙ اور قيمتي بڻيل فن پارا [[اٽلي آرٽ]] جي 19هين صدي جي آخرين دور مان اهم شاهديون سمجهيا وڃن ٿا، پنهنجي جمالياتي معيار ۽ فن جي ترقي ۾ تاريخي اهميت جي ڪري، خاص طور تي [[چوٹی رنگڪاري|ماڊرن پينٽنگ]] ڏانهن وڃڻ جي صورت ۾.

== حوالا ==
{{حوالا}}</text>
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    <title>ڇيڄ جو ناچ</title>
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      <text bytes="6532" sha1="2fcuohtb4f0pwlrh07atsjikaoilwip" xml:space="preserve">{{بهترين مضمون|مئي 2025}}
'''ڇيڄ جو ناچ''' دريا پنٿي هندو سانوڻيءَ جي موسم ۾ دريا شاهه تي ناريل جي ڀيٽا چاڙهيندا هئا، ان لاءِ بحراڻو ڪڍندا هئا&lt;ref&gt;{{حوالو_ويب|url=https://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=%DA%87%D9%8A%DA%84|title=ڇيڄ : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)|website=www.encyclopediasindhiana.org|language=sd|access-date=2025-03-31}}&lt;/ref&gt;. هڪ نواڙ جي منجي جنڊيءَ لٿل، ان ۾ وڏو ٽامي جو ٿالهه رکي، اٽي مان ٺهيل ڏيئا سچي گيهه ۾ ٻاري ٿالهه ۾ رکندا هئا. ان سان گڏ مصري پتاشا ۽ مٺايون وغيره رکي اگربتيون ٻاريندا هئا. ان سڄي ٽڪساٽ کي بحراڻو ڪوٺيندا هئا. پوءِ دهلاري بحراڻو وڄت، جيڪا تکي ڪلواڙي سان ملندڙ هئي ۽ ٻيا ساز وڄائيندا هئا ۽ دريا پنٿي گهنگهرن سان جنڊي چڙهيل ڏونڪا هٿن ۾ کڻي پِڙُ ڪري ڇيڄ هڻڻ شروع ڪندا هئا ۽ ڪي جهانجهه وڄائيندا هئا. ناچو، ڏانڊيا ڏانڊين تي هڻي [[ناچ]] وجهندا هئا. ڪجهه وقت کان پوءِ دهلاري ٽڪي وٺڻ تي ناچ بند ڪري چوندا هئا: لال جا جهاٽي، چئو جهولي لعل ٻيا بيٺل چوندا هئا جهولي لعل! &lt;ref&gt;.ڪتاب:ادبي اصطلاحن جي تشريحي لغت؛مرتب: مختيار احمد ملاح؛پبلشر:سنڌ لئنگئيج اٿارٽي&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{حوالو_ويب|url=https://dic.sindhila.edu.pk/index.php?txtsrch=%DA%87%D9%8A%DA%84%20%D8%AC%D9%88%20%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%86|title=ڇيڄ جو ناچ {{!}} Online Sindhi Dictionaries {{!}} آن لائين سنڌي ڊڪشنريون|website=dic.sindhila.edu.pk|access-date=2025-03-31}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{حوالو_ويب|url=https://books.sindhsalamat.com/book/995/read/53027|title=ڇيڄ - ڌرتيءَ جا گيت|date=2025-01-12|website=books.sindhsalamat.com|language=sd|access-date=2025-03-31}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://library.sindhila.org/kitab?number=22&amp;view=885{{مئل ڳنڍڻو|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== نالو ۽ مطلب ==
&quot;ڇيڄ&quot; سنڌي ٻوليءَ ۾ هڪ قسم جي زيور يا لباس جي سجاوٽ کي چوندا آهن، جيڪو ناچ دوران پهريو ويندو آهي۔ هي ناچ پنهنجي نالي جي مناسبت سان عورتن جي سونهن ۽ سادگيءَ کي ظاهر ڪري ٿو.
== تاريخي پسمنظر ==
&quot;ڇيڄ جو ناچ&quot; سنڌ جي قديم لوڪ روايتن مان نڪتل آهي ۽ ان جا آثار سنڌ جي ڳوٺاڻي زندگيءَ ۾ ملن ٿا۔ اهو يقين آهي ته هي ناچ صدين کان عورتن پاران پنهنجي خوشي ۽ سماجي رابطن کي ظاهر ڪرڻ لاءِ ڪيو ويندو آهي۔ان جو تعلق شايد زرعي ثقافت سان به آهي، جتي فصلن جي پوک ۽ واڍيءَ جي خوشيءَ ۾ اهڙا ناچ پيش ڪيا ويندا هئا.
=== لباس ۽ زيور ===
هن ناچ ۾ عورتون روايتي سنڌي لباس پائينديون آهن، جهڙوڪ &quot;سنڌي چولو&quot; يا &quot;گھاگھرو&quot;، جيڪي رنگين ۽ کڙي ڪم سان سينگاريل هوندا آهن۔&quot;ڇيڄ&quot; جو مطلب هتي زيورن يا لباس تي لڳل سجاوٽي شين مان به ٿي سگهي ٿو، جهڙوڪ چانديءَ جا زيور، موتين جا هار، يا ڪپڙي تي لڳل آئيني جا ٽڪرا، جيڪي ناچ دوران چمڪندا آهن ۽ خوبصورتي وڌائيندا آهن.
=== مناسبت ۽ موقعا ===
&quot;ڇيڄ جو ناچ&quot; خاص طور تي شادين، مڱڻي، ميلن (جهڙوڪ عيد يا سنڌي ثقافتي ڏينهن)، ۽ ٻين خوشيءَ جي موقعن تي ڪيو ويندو آهي۔اهو عورتن جي گڏجاڻين ۾ به عام آهي، جتي اهي پنهنجي وچ ۾ خوشيون شيئر ڪرڻ لاءِ هي ناچ ڪنديون آهن۔

== ناچ جو انداز ==
هن ناچ ۾ عورتون گروپن ۾ گڏجي روايتي لباس ۾ ملبوس ٿي، هٿن ۽ پيرن جي هم آهنگ تحريڪن سان ناچ ڪنديون آهن۔ اڪثر ڪري ان ۾ لوڪ گيتن جي سنگيت شامل هوندي آهي، جيڪا ناچ کي وڌيڪ دلڪش بڻائيندي آهي.
هي ناچ ٽوليءَ ۾ ڪيو ويندو آهي، جنهن ۾ عورتون هڪ دائري ۾ بيهي، هٿن ۽ پيرن جي هم آهنگ تحريڪن سان پرفارم ڪنديون آهن۔تحريڪون ساديون پر خوبصورت هونديون آهن، جن ۾ اڪثر هٿن کي مٿي کڻڻ، گھمڻ ۽ نرميءَ سان پيرن کي هڻڻ شامل آهي۔ناچ دوران لوڪ گيت گايا ويندا آهن، جيڪي اڪثر محبت، فطرت يا روزمره جي زندگيءَ جي واقعن بابت هوندا آهن۔ ڪڏهن ڪڏهن ساز جهڙوڪ &quot;ايڪتارو&quot; يا &quot;ڍولڪ&quot; به استعمال ٿيندو آهي
== سماجي ۽ ثقافتي اهميت ==
هي ناچ سنڌي سماج ۾ خوشي ۽ هم آهنگيءَ جو اظهار آهي ۽ ان ۾ عورتن جي سماجي گڏجاڻين ۽ روايتي قدرن جو عڪس نظر اچي ٿو۔ 
هي ناچ سنڌي عورتن جي خودمختياري ۽ تخليقي صلاحيتن جو مظهر آهي، ڇو ته ان ۾ مردن جي گھٽ ۾ گھٽ شموليت هوندي آهي ۽ اهو عورتن جي پنهنجي فن ۽ جذبي کي اجاگر ڪري ٿو۔ان سان گڏ، اهو نسلن کان نسلن تائين منتقل ٿيندڙ روايت آهي، جيڪا سنڌي ثقافت کي زنده رکڻ ۾ مدد ڪري ٿي۔.

== موجوده صورتحال ==
اڄڪلهه، شهري علائقن ۾ هن ناچ جي رواج ۾ ڪجهه گھٽتائي آئي آهي، پر ڳوٺاڻن علائقن ۾ اڃا تائين اهو زنده آهي ۽ ثقافتي پروگرامن ۾ پڻ پيش ڪيو ويندو آهي۔سنڌ جي ثقافتي ميلن ۽ تقريبن ۾، جهڙوڪ &quot;سنڌ ثقافت ڏهاڙو&quot;، هن ناچ کي بحال ڪرڻ ۽ نئين نسل تائين پهچائڻ جي ڪوشش ڪئي وڃي ٿي۔

== حوالا ==
{{حوالا|2}}

[[زمرو:ناچ]]
[[زمرو:سنڌي ثقافت]]
[[زمرو:سنڌ جي ثقافت]]
[[زمرو:لوڪ ادب]]</text>
      <sha1>2fcuohtb4f0pwlrh07atsjikaoilwip</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>زمرو:ڏکڻ آمريڪا</title>
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      <text bytes="431" sha1="mbyymexpw786sysaimhjlvrvpi5jmpx" xml:space="preserve">{{اصل مضمون}}  [[ڏکڻ آمريڪا]] 

[[Image:South_America_satellite_plane.jpg|100px|thumb]]
{{Commons |ڏکڻ آمريڪا}}
{{Commons |Latin America}}

{{دنيا جا کنڊ}}

[[زمرو:زمين]]
[[زمرو:کنڊ]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا کنڊ]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا کنڊ]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا کنڊ]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا کنڊ جا علائقا]]
[[زمرو:دنيا]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>زمرو:فوج</title>
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      <minor />
      <comment>خودڪار: [[زمرو:حڪومتي تنظيمون بلحاظ قسم]] جو اضافو + ترتيب</comment>
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      <text bytes="227" sha1="0upb396jpfqmeyhml57imq4c85obe84" xml:space="preserve">{{اصل مضمون}}
{{زمرو ڪامنز}}
[[زمرو:اصل مقالو جماعت بندي]]
[[زمرو:حڪومتي ادارا]]
[[زمرو:حڪومتي تنظيمون بلحاظ قسم]]
[[زمرو:قومي سلامتي]]</text>
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    <title>زمرو:ڪم بلحاظ قوميت</title>
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      <text bytes="69" sha1="hxgw499zzyhkoaags2bdnmztn9dgdh3" xml:space="preserve">{{زمرو ڪامنز}}
[[زمرو:پيشا]]
[[زمرو:ماڻهو]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>بيليز</title>
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      <text bytes="13367" sha1="mwc082mw3s2pn00guwweeddxnqiclkv" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = بيليز
| common_name = بيليز
| image_flag = Flag of Belize.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of Belize.svg
| symbol_type = [[قومي نشان]]
| national_motto = {{native phrase|la|&quot;Sub Umbra Floreo&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot;ڇاڻ هيٺ، مان ڦُلندو آهيان&quot;}}
| national_anthem = &quot;Land of the Free&quot;&lt;br&gt;(آزاد ماڻهن جي سرزمين)
&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[فائل:Land of the Free instrumental.ogg|centre]]&lt;/div&gt;
| royal_anthem = &quot;God Save the Queen&quot;&lt;br&gt;(خدا بادشاهه جي حفاظت ڪري)
| image_map = BLZ orthographic.svg
| image_map2 = Belize - Location Map (2013) - BLZ - UNOCHA.svg
| capital = [[بيلموپان]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|17|15|N|88|46|W|type:city_region:BZ}}
| largest_city = بيليز شهر
| official_languages = [[انگريزي ٻولي|انگلش]]
| ethnic_groups = {{vunblist
  | 53.9% [[ميسٽيزو بيليزيئن ڪريئول]]
  | 23.9% [[بيليزيئن ڪريئول]]
  | 11.3% [[مايان]]
  |  6.1% [[گاريفونا]] 
  |  5.8% [[گورا]]  
  |  3.9% [[ايشيائي انڊين]]
  |  1.0% [[ايسٽ ايشيائي]]
  |  1.2%  ٻيا
  | 0.3%   اڻ ڄاتل
}}
* 80.10%  مخلوط نسل (ڪارا، گورا، ايشيائي)
* 17.40% اصلوڪا (مايا، گاريفونا)
* 1.50% بيا
| ethnic_groups_year = 2010&lt;ref name=&quot;cia&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref group=note&gt;Percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents were able to identify more than one ethnic origin.&lt;/ref&gt;
| demonym = بيليزيئن (1973ع کان)
| government_type = [[وحداني رياست|وحداني]]، [[پارلياماني نظام |پارلياماني]] [[آئيني بادشاهت]]
| leader_title1 = [[بادشاهه|شاھي سربراھه]]
| leader_name1 = [[چارلس ٽيون]]
| leader_title2 = گورنر جنرل
| leader_name2 = فلويا زلام
[[ڪولول ينگ]]
| leader_title3 = وزيراعظم
| leader_name3 = جوني برائسينو
[[ڊين بئرو]]
| legislature = [[قومي اسيمبلي|نيشنل اسيمبلي]]
| upper_house = [[سينيٽ]]
| lower_house = نمائندن جو ايوان (House of Representatives)
| sovereignty_type = آزادي
| established_event1 = [[گڏيل بادشاهت]] کان ورتائين
| established_date1 = 21 سيپٽمبر، 1981ع
| area_km2 = 22966
| area_footnote = 
| area_rank = 147هون
| area_sq_mi = 8867
| percent_water = 0.8
| population_estimate = 387,879&lt;ref name=est&gt;[http://www.sib.org.bz/statistics/population POPULATION &amp; HOUSEHOLD]. sib.org.bz&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_census = 324,528&lt;ref name=&quot;census2010&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Belize Population and Housing Census 2010: Country Report|url=http://www.sib.org.bz/Portals/0/docs/publications/census/2010_Census_Report.pdf|publisher=Statistical Institute of Belize|date=2013|accessdate=11 December 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127084833/http://www.sib.org.bz/Portals/0/docs/publications/census/2010_Census_Report.pdf|archivedate=27 January 2016|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2017ع
| population_census_year = 2010ع
| population_density_km2 = 14.1
| population_density_sq_mi = 36.6
| population_density_rank = 213th
| GDP_PPP = $3.34 ارب ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=70&amp;pr.y=6&amp;sy=2018&amp;ey=2020&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=339&amp;s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC&amp;grp=0&amp;a=|title=Belize |publisher=International Monetary Fund}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year = 2018
| GDP_PPP_rank = 
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $8,445&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 
| GDP_nominal = $1.91  ارب ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year = 2018
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $4,830&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| Gini = &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_year = 
| Gini_change = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini_ref = 
| Gini_rank = 
| HDI = 0.708 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_year = 2017&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change = decrease
&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;| HDI_ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.hdr.undp.org/en/2018-update |title=2018 Human Development Report |year=2018 |accessdate=14 September 2018 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank = 106th
| currency = [[بيليز ڊالر]]
| currency_code = BZD
| time_zone = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
| utc_offset = −6
| date_format = dd/mm/yyyy
| drives_on = ساڄو پاسو
| calling_code = +501
| cctld = [[.bz]]
| footnote_a = 
| footnote_b = &lt;!--Orphaned (see population_density_rank)--&gt;
| recognized_languages = [[بيليزيئن ڪريئول]]،  [[گيري فونا]], [[مايان ٻولي]] 
, [[اسپيني ٻولي]]
}}

'''بيليز'''{{ٻيا نالا|انگريزي= '''Belize'''}} {{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Belize.ogg|b|ə|ˈ|l|i:|z}} وچ آمريڪا ۾ واقع ھڪ ملڪ جو نالو آهي جنھن جو پراڻو نالو برٽش ھونڊوراس ھيو. ھي ملڪ وچ آمريڪا جي اوڀر واري ڪناري تي واقع آهي. ھن جي اتر اولهه ۾ ميڪسيڪو، اوڀر ۾ ڪيريبين سمنڊ ۽ ڏکڻ اولھ ۾ گوئٽي مالا واقع اٿس. ھن ملڪ ۾ پارلياماني جمهوريت آئيني بادشاهت ھيٺ نظام آھي.22800 چورس ڪلوميٽرن جي ھن ملڪ جي آبادي 2017 ۾ 387879 ھئي .&lt;ref name=est/&gt; ھي ملڪ وچ آفريڪا جو ڇڊي آبادي وارو ملڪ آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://esa.un.org/unpp/ |title=World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision Population Database |publisher=United Nations |date=11 March 2009 |accessdate=29 August 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100819143228/http://esa.un.org/UNPP/ |archivedate=19 August 2010 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;cia&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Belize |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html |work=CIA World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |accessdate=13 January 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513185850/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html |archivedate=13 May 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن ملڪ ۾ تمام گھڻيون زميني ۽ آبي حياتياتي جنسون ملن ٿيون.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://biological-diversity.info/Downloads/Ecosystem%20Mapping.zip |title=Ecosystem Mapping.zip |accessdate=3 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;ملڪ جي سرڪاري ٻولي انگريزي آهي. بيليزيئن ڪريئول مقامي وڏي آهي جنھن کانپوءِ ٻي وڏي ٻولي اسپينش ٻولي آھي.ھن ملڪ جا پاڙيسري ملڪن سان گھرا تعلقات آھن. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=CARICOM – Member Country Profile – BELIZE |url=http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/belize.jsp?menu=community |website=www.caricom.org |publisher=CARICOM |accessdate=17 February 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218025626/http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/belize.jsp?menu=community |archivedate=18 February 2015 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھي ملڪ [[ڪيريبئن ڪميونٽي]] (CARICOM)، ڪميونٽي آف ليٽن آمريڪن اينڊ ڪيريبئن اسٽيٽس (CELAC) جو رڪن ملڪ آهي .

== تاريخ ==
[[فائل:Caracolfacup o.jpg|thumb|
ڪاراڪول وٽ ڪئانا]]
[[فائل:Xunantunich09.jpg|thumb|زونانٽيونڪ وٽ ايل ڪاسٽيلو]]
بيليز عيسوي صدين جي پھرين ھزار سال ۾ ماين تھذيب جي ھڪ شھري رياست ھو جنھن کان پوءِ ھتي اسپين ۽ برطانيا جا تڪرار ھليا جيڪي 17 کان 18 صدي تائين جاري رھيا. اھڙي طرح 1862 ۾ ھي ملڪ برٽش ھونڊوراس جي نالي سان برطانوي ڪالوني بڻيو. گوئٽي مالا ۽ برطانيا جي علائقائي تڪرارن جي ڪري ھن کي ڏاڍي دير بعد 1981 آزادي ملي. گوئٽي مالا کيس تسليم ڪرڻ کان انڪار ڪيو نيٺ 1992 ۾ کيس تسليم ڪيو پر پوء بہ ٻنھي ملڪن وچ ۾ سرحدي تڪرار برقرار آھي.

== جاگرافي ==
ھن ملڪ جي جاگرافيائي بيهڪ 17 15 N, 88 45 W آھي ۽ نقشي ۾ وچ آمريڪا ۾ واقع آهي. ملڪ جي پکيڙ 22,966 چورس ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان 22806 چورس ڪلوميٽر خشڪي ۽ 160 چورس ڪلوميٽر پاڻي اٿس. پکيڙ ۾ دنيا ۾ 152 نمبر تي آهي. ملڪ جي خشڪي سان سرحد 542 ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان 266 ڪلوميٽر [[گوئٽي مالا]] سان ۽ 276 ڪلوميٽر [[ميڪسيڪو]] سان ملي ٿي. بحري سرحد 386 ڪلوميٽر اٿس ۽ سمنڊ اندر علائقي جي 12 ناٽيڪل ميل ۽ مخصوص معاشي زون ھجڻ جي 200 ناٽيڪل ميلن تائين  سندس علائقي ھجڻ جي دعویٰ اٿس.  ھتان جي زمين ھموار ، ساحلي ميدان واري، گپ چڪ واري آھي ڏکڻ طرف ننڍا جبل پڻ واقع اٿس.ملڪ جي سراسري بلندي 173 ميٽر آھي. سڀ کان اوچو مقام ڊوائلس ڊيلائيٽ آھي جنھن جي بلندي 1124 ميٽر آھي&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.

== آبهوا ==
ھتان جي آبهوا [[ٽراپيڪل]] آھي.موسم تمام گرم ۽ نمي واري ھوندي آھي. مئي کان نومبر ۾ ھتي برسات پوندي آھي ۽ فبروري کان اپريل تائين موسم خشڪ رھندي آھي&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;

== قدرتي وسيلا ==
قدرتي وسيلن ۾ پوکي لائق زمين، عمارتي ڪاٺ ، مڇي ۽ ھائڊرو پاور شامل آهن&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;

== زراعت ==

ھتان جي 6.9 سيڪڙو زمين زرعي آھي جنھن مان 3.3 سيڪڙو پوکي لائق جنھن مان 1.4 سيڪڙو تي مستقل پوکي ٿئي ٿي. 2.2 سيڪڙو زرعي زمين تي چراگاھون آھن باقي 60.6 سيڪڙو زرعي زمين تي ٻيلا آهن. آبپاشي واري زمين پوري ملڪ ۾ 35 چورس ڪلوميٽر آهي&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.

== بيليز جا ماڻهو ==

[[فائل:Kek'Chi Maya Children.jpg|
مايا نسل جا ٻار|thumb]]
بيليز جي آبادي جولاءِ 2017 ۾ 360346 ھئي. دنيا ۾ آبادي جي لحاظ کان ان جو نمبر 177 آهي. ھتان جي ماڻھن کي بيليزيئن چوندا آهن. انھن م 52.9 سيڪڙو ميسٽيزو، 25.9 سيڪڙو ڪريئول، 11.3 سيڪڙو مايا، 6.1 سيڪڙو گيريفونا، 3.9 سيڪڙو اوڀر انڊين، 3.6 سيڪڙو مينونائٽ ۽  1.2سيڪڙو  گورا آھن.  آبادي جو 62.9 سيڪڙو ماڻهو انگريزي ڳالھائيندا آھن جيڪا ھن ملڪ جي سرڪاري ٻولي آھي. ان کان علاوه 56.6 ماڻھو اسپيني ٻولي، 44.6 ڪريئول ٻولي، 10.5 سيڪڙو مايا، 3.2 سيڪڙو جرمن ۽ 2.9 سيڪڙو گاريفونا ٻولي ڳالهائيندڙ آھن.آبادي جو 40.1 سيڪڙو ماڻهو رومن ڪيٿولڪ مذهب، 31.5 سيڪڙو پروٽسٽنٽ، 1.7 سيڪڙو يھوا جا شاھد، 10.5 سيڪڙو باقي ٻيا جن ۾ ھندو، مسلمان، راسٽافاريئن، سيلويشن آرمي وغيره شامل آهن&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.
[[فائل:Garifuna dancers in Dangriga, Belize.jpg|left|thumb|
ڊينگريگا، بيليز ۾ گاريفونا نسل جا روايتي ڊانسر]]

== نالو ==

ملڪ جو پراڻو نالو برٽش ھونڊوراس آھي . نئون نالو بيليز اتان جي بيليز نديءَ مان نڪتل آهي. بيليز لفظ ھڪ خيال مطابق مايا ٻوليء جي لفظ بيلڪس مان نڪتل آهي جنھن جي معني آهي گپ چڪ&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.

== سياسي نظام ==

 [[فائل:Belize, administrative divisions - en - monochrome.svg|right|thumb|بيليز جا ضلعا]]
ھتي جو سياسي نظام پارلياماني جمھوريت آھي جيڪو آئيني بادشاهت جي تحت ھلي ٿو جيڪو دولت مشترڪه واري نظام ۾ شامل آھي. حڪومت جي گادي بيلموپن شھر ۾ آھي جنھن جي جاگرافيائي بيهڪ   17 15 N, 88 46 W تي  آھي. ھن ملڪ جي انتظامي ورهاست ضلعن ۾ ٿيل آهي. ملڪ جا جملي ڇھ ضلعا آهن جن ۾ بيليز، ڪايو، ڪوروزال، اورينج واڪ، اسٽان ڪريڪ، ٽوليڊو شامل آهن. ملڪ 21 سيپٽمبر 1981 ۾ برطانيا کان آزاد ٿيو.&lt;ref name=&quot;سي آء اي&quot;&gt;[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513185850/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html|date=2013-05-13}}سي آء اي فيڪٽس بڪ_&lt;/ref&gt;

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل قومن جا ڀاتي ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:دولت مشترڪه جون رڪن قومون]]</text>
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      <text bytes="13503" sha1="8cx1ddjnmfueud9syycgu1cv0u5vhhu" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = بيليز&lt;br&gt;Balize&lt;br&gt;Bileez (بيليزي ڪروئل)&lt;br&gt;Belice ([[اسپيني ٻولي|اسپينش]])&lt;br&gt;B'eleze (ڪائچئ مايائي)&lt;br&gt;Belice (يوڪاتيڪ مايائي)
| common_name = بيليز
| image_flag = Flag of Belize.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of Belize.svg
| symbol_type = [[قومي نشان]]
| national_motto = {{native phrase|la|&quot;Sub Umbra Floreo&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot;ڇاڻ هيٺ، مان ڦُلندو آهيان&quot;}}
| national_anthem = &quot;Land of the Free&quot;&lt;br&gt;(آزاد ماڻهن جي سرزمين)
&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[فائل:Land of the Free instrumental.ogg|centre]]&lt;/div&gt;
| royal_anthem = &quot;God Save the Queen&quot;&lt;br&gt;(خدا بادشاهه جي حفاظت ڪري)
| image_map = BLZ orthographic.svg
| image_map2 = Belize - Location Map (2013) - BLZ - UNOCHA.svg
| capital = [[بيلموپان]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|17|15|N|88|46|W|type:city_region:BZ}}
| largest_city = بيليز شهر
| official_languages = [[انگريزي ٻولي|انگلش]]
| ethnic_groups = {{vunblist
  | 53.9% [[ميسٽيزو بيليزيئن ڪريئول]]
  | 23.9% [[بيليزيئن ڪريئول]]
  | 11.3% [[مايان]]
  |  6.1% [[گاريفونا]] 
  |  5.8% [[گورا]]  
  |  3.9% [[ايشيائي انڊين]]
  |  1.0% [[ايسٽ ايشيائي]]
  |  1.2%  ٻيا
  | 0.3%   اڻ ڄاتل
}}
* 80.10%  مخلوط نسل (ڪارا، گورا، ايشيائي)
* 17.40% اصلوڪا (مايا، گاريفونا)
* 1.50% بيا
| ethnic_groups_year = 2010&lt;ref name=&quot;cia&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref group=note&gt;Percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents were able to identify more than one ethnic origin.&lt;/ref&gt;
| demonym = بيليزيئن (1973ع کان)
| government_type = [[وحداني رياست|وحداني]]، [[پارلياماني نظام |پارلياماني]] [[آئيني بادشاهت]]
| leader_title1 = [[بادشاهه|شاھي سربراھه]]
| leader_name1 = [[چارلس ٽيون]]
| leader_title2 = گورنر جنرل
| leader_name2 = فلوئيرا زلام
| leader_title3 = وزيراعظم
| leader_name3 = جوني برائسينو
| legislature = [[قومي اسيمبلي|نيشنل اسيمبلي]]
| upper_house = [[سينيٽ]]
| lower_house = نمائندن جو ايوان (House of Representatives)
| sovereignty_type = آزادي
| established_event1 = [[گڏيل بادشاهت]] کان ورتائين
| established_date1 = 21 سيپٽمبر، 1981ع
| area_km2 = 22966
| area_footnote = 
| area_rank = 147هون
| area_sq_mi = 8867
| percent_water = 0.8
| population_estimate = 387,879&lt;ref name=est&gt;[http://www.sib.org.bz/statistics/population POPULATION &amp; HOUSEHOLD]. sib.org.bz&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_census = 324,528&lt;ref name=&quot;census2010&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Belize Population and Housing Census 2010: Country Report|url=http://www.sib.org.bz/Portals/0/docs/publications/census/2010_Census_Report.pdf|publisher=Statistical Institute of Belize|date=2013|accessdate=11 December 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127084833/http://www.sib.org.bz/Portals/0/docs/publications/census/2010_Census_Report.pdf|archivedate=27 January 2016|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2017ع
| population_census_year = 2010ع
| population_density_km2 = 14.1
| population_density_sq_mi = 36.6
| population_density_rank = 213th
| GDP_PPP = $3.34 ارب ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=70&amp;pr.y=6&amp;sy=2018&amp;ey=2020&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=339&amp;s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC&amp;grp=0&amp;a=|title=Belize |publisher=International Monetary Fund}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year = 2018
| GDP_PPP_rank = 
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = $8,445&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 
| GDP_nominal = $1.91  ارب ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year = 2018
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = $4,830&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| Gini = &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_year = 
| Gini_change = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini_ref = 
| Gini_rank = 
| HDI = 0.708 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_year = 2017&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change = decrease
&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;| HDI_ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.hdr.undp.org/en/2018-update |title=2018 Human Development Report |year=2018 |accessdate=14 September 2018 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank = 106th
| currency = [[بيليز ڊالر]]
| currency_code = BZD
| time_zone = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
| utc_offset = −6
| date_format = dd/mm/yyyy
| drives_on = ساڄو پاسو
| calling_code = +501
| cctld = [[.bz]]
| footnote_a = 
| footnote_b = &lt;!--Orphaned (see population_density_rank)--&gt;
| recognized_languages = [[بيليزيئن ڪريئول]]،  [[گيري فونا]], [[مايان ٻولي]] 
, [[اسپيني ٻولي]]
}}

'''بيليز'''{{ٻيا نالا|انگريزي= '''Belize'''}} {{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Belize.ogg|b|ə|ˈ|l|i:|z}} وچ آمريڪا ۾ واقع ھڪ ملڪ جو نالو آهي جنھن جو پراڻو نالو برٽش ھونڊوراس ھيو. ھي ملڪ وچ آمريڪا جي اوڀر واري ڪناري تي واقع آهي. ھن جي اتر اولهه ۾ ميڪسيڪو، اوڀر ۾ ڪيريبين سمنڊ ۽ ڏکڻ اولھ ۾ گوئٽي مالا واقع اٿس. ھن ملڪ ۾ پارلياماني جمهوريت آئيني بادشاهت ھيٺ نظام آھي.22800 چورس ڪلوميٽرن جي ھن ملڪ جي آبادي 2017 ۾ 387879 ھئي .&lt;ref name=est/&gt; ھي ملڪ وچ آفريڪا جو ڇڊي آبادي وارو ملڪ آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://esa.un.org/unpp/ |title=World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision Population Database |publisher=United Nations |date=11 March 2009 |accessdate=29 August 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100819143228/http://esa.un.org/UNPP/ |archivedate=19 August 2010 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;cia&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Belize |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html |work=CIA World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |accessdate=13 January 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513185850/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html |archivedate=13 May 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن ملڪ ۾ تمام گھڻيون زميني ۽ آبي حياتياتي جنسون ملن ٿيون.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://biological-diversity.info/Downloads/Ecosystem%20Mapping.zip |title=Ecosystem Mapping.zip |accessdate=3 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;ملڪ جي سرڪاري ٻولي انگريزي آهي. بيليزيئن ڪريئول مقامي وڏي آهي جنھن کانپوءِ ٻي وڏي ٻولي اسپينش ٻولي آھي.ھن ملڪ جا پاڙيسري ملڪن سان گھرا تعلقات آھن. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=CARICOM – Member Country Profile – BELIZE |url=http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/belize.jsp?menu=community |website=www.caricom.org |publisher=CARICOM |accessdate=17 February 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218025626/http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/belize.jsp?menu=community |archivedate=18 February 2015 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھي ملڪ [[ڪيريبئن ڪميونٽي]] (CARICOM)، ڪميونٽي آف ليٽن آمريڪن اينڊ ڪيريبئن اسٽيٽس (CELAC) جو رڪن ملڪ آهي .

== تاريخ ==
[[فائل:Caracolfacup o.jpg|thumb|
ڪاراڪول وٽ ڪئانا]]
[[فائل:Xunantunich09.jpg|thumb|زونانٽيونڪ وٽ ايل ڪاسٽيلو]]
بيليز عيسوي صدين جي پھرين ھزار سال ۾ ماين تھذيب جي ھڪ شھري رياست ھو جنھن کان پوءِ ھتي اسپين ۽ برطانيا جا تڪرار ھليا جيڪي 17 کان 18 صدي تائين جاري رھيا. اھڙي طرح 1862 ۾ ھي ملڪ برٽش ھونڊوراس جي نالي سان برطانوي ڪالوني بڻيو. گوئٽي مالا ۽ برطانيا جي علائقائي تڪرارن جي ڪري ھن کي ڏاڍي دير بعد 1981 آزادي ملي. گوئٽي مالا کيس تسليم ڪرڻ کان انڪار ڪيو نيٺ 1992 ۾ کيس تسليم ڪيو پر پوء بہ ٻنھي ملڪن وچ ۾ سرحدي تڪرار برقرار آھي.

== جاگرافي ==
ھن ملڪ جي جاگرافيائي بيهڪ 17 15 N, 88 45 W آھي ۽ نقشي ۾ وچ آمريڪا ۾ واقع آهي. ملڪ جي پکيڙ 22,966 چورس ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان 22806 چورس ڪلوميٽر خشڪي ۽ 160 چورس ڪلوميٽر پاڻي اٿس. پکيڙ ۾ دنيا ۾ 152 نمبر تي آهي. ملڪ جي خشڪي سان سرحد 542 ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان 266 ڪلوميٽر [[گوئٽي مالا]] سان ۽ 276 ڪلوميٽر [[ميڪسيڪو]] سان ملي ٿي. بحري سرحد 386 ڪلوميٽر اٿس ۽ سمنڊ اندر علائقي جي 12 ناٽيڪل ميل ۽ مخصوص معاشي زون ھجڻ جي 200 ناٽيڪل ميلن تائين  سندس علائقي ھجڻ جي دعویٰ اٿس.  ھتان جي زمين ھموار ، ساحلي ميدان واري، گپ چڪ واري آھي ڏکڻ طرف ننڍا جبل پڻ واقع اٿس.ملڪ جي سراسري بلندي 173 ميٽر آھي. سڀ کان اوچو مقام ڊوائلس ڊيلائيٽ آھي جنھن جي بلندي 1124 ميٽر آھي&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.

== آبهوا ==
ھتان جي آبهوا [[ٽراپيڪل]] آھي.موسم تمام گرم ۽ نمي واري ھوندي آھي. مئي کان نومبر ۾ ھتي برسات پوندي آھي ۽ فبروري کان اپريل تائين موسم خشڪ رھندي آھي&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;

== قدرتي وسيلا ==
قدرتي وسيلن ۾ پوکي لائق زمين، عمارتي ڪاٺ ، مڇي ۽ ھائڊرو پاور شامل آهن&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;

== زراعت ==

ھتان جي 6.9 سيڪڙو زمين زرعي آھي جنھن مان 3.3 سيڪڙو پوکي لائق جنھن مان 1.4 سيڪڙو تي مستقل پوکي ٿئي ٿي. 2.2 سيڪڙو زرعي زمين تي چراگاھون آھن باقي 60.6 سيڪڙو زرعي زمين تي ٻيلا آهن. آبپاشي واري زمين پوري ملڪ ۾ 35 چورس ڪلوميٽر آهي&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.

== بيليز جا ماڻهو ==

[[فائل:Kek'Chi Maya Children.jpg|
مايا نسل جا ٻار|thumb]]
بيليز جي آبادي جولاءِ 2017 ۾ 360346 ھئي. دنيا ۾ آبادي جي لحاظ کان ان جو نمبر 177 آهي. ھتان جي ماڻھن کي بيليزيئن چوندا آهن. انھن م 52.9 سيڪڙو ميسٽيزو، 25.9 سيڪڙو ڪريئول، 11.3 سيڪڙو مايا، 6.1 سيڪڙو گيريفونا، 3.9 سيڪڙو اوڀر انڊين، 3.6 سيڪڙو مينونائٽ ۽  1.2سيڪڙو  گورا آھن.  آبادي جو 62.9 سيڪڙو ماڻهو انگريزي ڳالھائيندا آھن جيڪا ھن ملڪ جي سرڪاري ٻولي آھي. ان کان علاوه 56.6 ماڻھو اسپيني ٻولي، 44.6 ڪريئول ٻولي، 10.5 سيڪڙو مايا، 3.2 سيڪڙو جرمن ۽ 2.9 سيڪڙو گاريفونا ٻولي ڳالهائيندڙ آھن.آبادي جو 40.1 سيڪڙو ماڻهو رومن ڪيٿولڪ مذهب، 31.5 سيڪڙو پروٽسٽنٽ، 1.7 سيڪڙو يھوا جا شاھد، 10.5 سيڪڙو باقي ٻيا جن ۾ ھندو، مسلمان، راسٽافاريئن، سيلويشن آرمي وغيره شامل آهن&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.
[[فائل:Garifuna dancers in Dangriga, Belize.jpg|left|thumb|
ڊينگريگا، بيليز ۾ گاريفونا نسل جا روايتي ڊانسر]]

== نالو ==

ملڪ جو پراڻو نالو برٽش ھونڊوراس آھي . نئون نالو بيليز اتان جي بيليز نديءَ مان نڪتل آهي. بيليز لفظ ھڪ خيال مطابق مايا ٻوليء جي لفظ بيلڪس مان نڪتل آهي جنھن جي معني آهي گپ چڪ&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.

== سياسي نظام ==

 [[فائل:Belize, administrative divisions - en - monochrome.svg|right|thumb|بيليز جا ضلعا]]
ھتي جو سياسي نظام پارلياماني جمھوريت آھي جيڪو آئيني بادشاهت جي تحت ھلي ٿو جيڪو دولت مشترڪه واري نظام ۾ شامل آھي. حڪومت جي گادي بيلموپن شھر ۾ آھي جنھن جي جاگرافيائي بيهڪ   17 15 N, 88 46 W تي  آھي. ھن ملڪ جي انتظامي ورهاست ضلعن ۾ ٿيل آهي. ملڪ جا جملي ڇھ ضلعا آهن جن ۾ بيليز، ڪايو، ڪوروزال، اورينج واڪ، اسٽان ڪريڪ، ٽوليڊو شامل آهن. ملڪ 21 سيپٽمبر 1981 ۾ برطانيا کان آزاد ٿيو.&lt;ref name=&quot;سي آء اي&quot;&gt;[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513185850/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html|date=2013-05-13}}سي آء اي فيڪٽس بڪ_&lt;/ref&gt;

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل قومن جا ڀاتي ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:دولت مشترڪه جون رڪن قومون]]</text>
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      <text bytes="13937" sha1="kbg9j6e5qvzx4slwfcky2t57ahf8kl6" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = بيليز
| common_name = بيليز
| image_flag = Flag of Belize.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of Belize.svg
| symbol_type = [[قومي نشان]]
| national_motto = {{native phrase|la|&quot;Sub Umbra Floreo&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot;ڇاڻ هيٺ، مان ڦُلندو آهيان&quot;}}
| national_anthem = &quot;Land of the Free&quot;&lt;br&gt;(آزاد ماڻهن جي سرزمين)
&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[فائل:Land of the Free instrumental.ogg|centre]]&lt;/div&gt;
| royal_anthem = &quot;God Save the Queen&quot;&lt;br&gt;(خدا بادشاهه جي حفاظت ڪري)
| image_map = BLZ orthographic.svg
| image_map2 = Belize - Location Map (2013) - BLZ - UNOCHA.svg
| capital = [[بيلموپان]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|17|15|N|88|46|W|type:city_region:BZ}}
| largest_city = بيليز شهر
| official_languages = [[انگريزي ٻولي|انگلش]]
* بيليز ڪروئل
| ethnic_groups = {{vunblist|80.9% مخلوط نسل (ڪارا، گورا، ايشيائي) 
|9.8%  اصلوڪا (مايا، گاريفونا)
| 1.5%  اندو بيليزيئن 
| 7.8%  بيا}}
| ethnic_groups_year = 2010&lt;ref name=&quot;cia&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref group=note&gt;Percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents were able to identify more than one ethnic origin.&lt;/ref&gt;
| demonym = بيليزيئن (1973ع کان)
| government_type = [[وحداني رياست|وحداني]]، [[پارلياماني نظام |پارلياماني]] [[آئيني بادشاهت]]
| leader_title1 = [[بادشاهه|شاھي سربراھه]]
| leader_name1 = [[چارلس ٽيون]] (Charles III)
| leader_title2 = گورنر جنرل
| leader_name2 = فلروئلا زلام (Froyla Tzalam)
| leader_title3 = وزيراعظم
| leader_name3 = جوني برائسينو (Johnny Briceño)
| legislature = [[قومي اسيمبلي|نيشنل اسيمبلي]]
| upper_house = [[سينيٽ]]
| lower_house = نمائندن جو ايوان (House of Representatives)
| sovereignty_type = آزادي
| established_event1 = [[گڏيل بادشاهت]] کان ورتائين
| established_date1 = 21 سيپٽمبر، 1981ع
| area_km2 = 22966
| area_footnote = 
| area_rank = 147هون
| area_sq_mi = 8867
| percent_water = 0.8
| population_estimate = 387,879&lt;ref name=est&gt;[http://www.sib.org.bz/statistics/population POPULATION &amp; HOUSEHOLD]. sib.org.bz&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_census = 324,528&lt;ref name=&quot;census2010&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Belize Population and Housing Census 2010: Country Report|url=http://www.sib.org.bz/Portals/0/docs/publications/census/2010_Census_Report.pdf|publisher=Statistical Institute of Belize|date=2013|accessdate=11 December 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127084833/http://www.sib.org.bz/Portals/0/docs/publications/census/2010_Census_Report.pdf|archivedate=27 January 2016|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2017ع
| population_census_year = 2010ع
| population_density_km2 = 14.1
| population_density_sq_mi = 36.6
| population_density_rank = 213th
| GDP_PPP = $3.34 ارب ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=70&amp;pr.y=6&amp;sy=2018&amp;ey=2020&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=339&amp;s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC&amp;grp=0&amp;a=|title=Belize |publisher=International Monetary Fund}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year = 2018
| GDP_PPP_rank = 
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = 8,445 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 
| GDP_nominal = 1.91  ارب ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year = 2018
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = 4,830 آمريڪي ڊالر &lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| Gini = &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_year = 
| Gini_change = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini_ref = 
| Gini_rank = 
| HDI = 0.708 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_year = 2017&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change = decrease
&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;| HDI_ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.hdr.undp.org/en/2018-update |title=2018 Human Development Report |year=2018 |accessdate=14 September 2018 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank = 106th
| currency = [[بيليز ڊالر]]
| currency_code = BZD
| time_zone = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
| utc_offset = −6
| date_format = dd/mm/yyyy
| drives_on = ساڄو پاسو
| calling_code = +501
| cctld = [[.bz]]
| footnote_a = 
| footnote_b = &lt;!--Orphaned (see population_density_rank)--&gt;
| recognized_languages = [[بيليزيئن ڪريئول]]،  [[گيري فونا]], [[مايان ٻولي]] 
, [[اسپيني ٻولي]]
| languages_type = سرڪاري ٻوليون
| languages2_type = مقامي بوليون
| native_name = Belice ([[اسپيني ٻولي|اسپينش]])
&lt;br&gt;Bileez (بيليزي ڪروئل)
&lt;br&gt;B'eleze (ڪائچئ مايائي)
&lt;br&gt;Belice (يوڪاتيڪ مايائي)
| map_caption = ارٿوگرافڪ بيليز نقشو
| map_caption2 = بيليز جي لوڪيشن
| national_languages = بيليز ڪروئل

English
Belizean
| regional_languages = Spanish
Mayan
German
Garifuna
Chinese
| languages = ٻيون بولرون
| leader_title4 = مذهب (2022)
| leader_title5 = 
| established = 
| established_event2 = 
| established_event3 = 
| established_date2 = 
| established_date3 = 
| leader_name4 = ● 61.9% عيسائيت
* 31.8% لا مذهب
* 6.3% ٻيا
}}

'''بيليز'''{{ٻيا نالا|انگريزي= '''Belize'''}} {{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Belize.ogg|b|ə|ˈ|l|i:|z}} وچ آمريڪا ۾ واقع ھڪ ملڪ جو نالو آهي جنھن جو پراڻو نالو برٽش ھونڊوراس ھيو. ھي ملڪ وچ آمريڪا جي اوڀر واري ڪناري تي واقع آهي. ھن جي اتر اولهه ۾ ميڪسيڪو، اوڀر ۾ ڪيريبين سمنڊ ۽ ڏکڻ اولھ ۾ گوئٽي مالا واقع اٿس. ھن ملڪ ۾ پارلياماني جمهوريت آئيني بادشاهت ھيٺ نظام آھي.22800 چورس ڪلوميٽرن جي ھن ملڪ جي آبادي 2017 ۾ 387879 ھئي .&lt;ref name=est/&gt; ھي ملڪ وچ آفريڪا جو ڇڊي آبادي وارو ملڪ آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://esa.un.org/unpp/ |title=World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision Population Database |publisher=United Nations |date=11 March 2009 |accessdate=29 August 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100819143228/http://esa.un.org/UNPP/ |archivedate=19 August 2010 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;cia&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Belize |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html |work=CIA World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |accessdate=13 January 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513185850/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html |archivedate=13 May 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن ملڪ ۾ تمام گھڻيون زميني ۽ آبي حياتياتي جنسون ملن ٿيون.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://biological-diversity.info/Downloads/Ecosystem%20Mapping.zip |title=Ecosystem Mapping.zip |accessdate=3 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt;ملڪ جي سرڪاري ٻولي انگريزي آهي. بيليزيئن ڪريئول مقامي وڏي آهي جنھن کانپوءِ ٻي وڏي ٻولي اسپينش ٻولي آھي.ھن ملڪ جا پاڙيسري ملڪن سان گھرا تعلقات آھن. &lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=CARICOM – Member Country Profile – BELIZE |url=http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/belize.jsp?menu=community |website=www.caricom.org |publisher=CARICOM |accessdate=17 February 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218025626/http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/belize.jsp?menu=community |archivedate=18 February 2015 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھي ملڪ [[ڪيريبئن ڪميونٽي]] (CARICOM)، ڪميونٽي آف ليٽن آمريڪن اينڊ ڪيريبئن اسٽيٽس (CELAC) جو رڪن ملڪ آهي.

== تاريخ ==
[[فائل:Caracolfacup o.jpg|thumb|
ڪاراڪول وٽ ڪئانا]]
[[فائل:Xunantunich09.jpg|thumb|زونانٽيونڪ وٽ ايل ڪاسٽيلو]]
بيليز عيسوي صدين جي پھرين ھزار سال ۾ ماين تھذيب جي ھڪ شھري رياست ھو جنھن کان پوءِ ھتي اسپين ۽ برطانيا جا تڪرار ھليا جيڪي 17 کان 18 صدي تائين جاري رھيا. اھڙي طرح 1862 ۾ ھي ملڪ برٽش ھونڊوراس جي نالي سان برطانوي ڪالوني بڻيو. گوئٽي مالا ۽ برطانيا جي علائقائي تڪرارن جي ڪري ھن کي ڏاڍي دير بعد 1981 آزادي ملي. گوئٽي مالا کيس تسليم ڪرڻ کان انڪار ڪيو نيٺ 1992 ۾ کيس تسليم ڪيو پر پوء بہ ٻنھي ملڪن وچ ۾ سرحدي تڪرار برقرار آھي.

== جاگرافي ==
ھن ملڪ جي جاگرافيائي بيهڪ 17 15 N, 88 45 W آھي ۽ نقشي ۾ وچ آمريڪا ۾ واقع آهي. ملڪ جي پکيڙ 22,966 چورس ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان 22806 چورس ڪلوميٽر خشڪي ۽ 160 چورس ڪلوميٽر پاڻي اٿس. پکيڙ ۾ دنيا ۾ 152 نمبر تي آهي. ملڪ جي خشڪي سان سرحد 542 ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان 266 ڪلوميٽر [[گوئٽي مالا]] سان ۽ 276 ڪلوميٽر [[ميڪسيڪو]] سان ملي ٿي. بحري سرحد 386 ڪلوميٽر اٿس ۽ سمنڊ اندر علائقي جي 12 ناٽيڪل ميل ۽ مخصوص معاشي زون ھجڻ جي 200 ناٽيڪل ميلن تائين  سندس علائقي ھجڻ جي دعویٰ اٿس.  ھتان جي زمين ھموار ، ساحلي ميدان واري، گپ چڪ واري آھي ڏکڻ طرف ننڍا جبل پڻ واقع اٿس.ملڪ جي سراسري بلندي 173 ميٽر آھي. سڀ کان اوچو مقام ڊوائلس ڊيلائيٽ آھي جنھن جي بلندي 1124 ميٽر آھي&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.

== آبهوا ==
ھتان جي آبهوا [[ٽراپيڪل]] آھي.موسم تمام گرم ۽ نمي واري ھوندي آھي. مئي کان نومبر ۾ ھتي برسات پوندي آھي ۽ فبروري کان اپريل تائين موسم خشڪ رھندي آھي&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;

== قدرتي وسيلا ==
قدرتي وسيلن ۾ پوکي لائق زمين، عمارتي ڪاٺ ، مڇي ۽ ھائڊرو پاور شامل آهن&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;

== زراعت ==

ھتان جي 6.9 سيڪڙو زمين زرعي آھي جنھن مان 3.3 سيڪڙو پوکي لائق جنھن مان 1.4 سيڪڙو تي مستقل پوکي ٿئي ٿي. 2.2 سيڪڙو زرعي زمين تي چراگاھون آھن باقي 60.6 سيڪڙو زرعي زمين تي ٻيلا آهن. آبپاشي واري زمين پوري ملڪ ۾ 35 چورس ڪلوميٽر آهي&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.

== بيليز جا ماڻهو ==

[[فائل:Kek'Chi Maya Children.jpg|
مايا نسل جا ٻار|thumb]]
بيليز جي آبادي جولاءِ 2017 ۾ 360346 ھئي. دنيا ۾ آبادي جي لحاظ کان ان جو نمبر 177 آهي. ھتان جي ماڻھن کي بيليزيئن چوندا آهن. انھن م 52.9 سيڪڙو ميسٽيزو، 25.9 سيڪڙو ڪريئول، 11.3 سيڪڙو مايا، 6.1 سيڪڙو گيريفونا، 3.9 سيڪڙو اوڀر انڊين، 3.6 سيڪڙو مينونائٽ ۽  1.2سيڪڙو  گورا آھن.  آبادي جو 62.9 سيڪڙو ماڻهو انگريزي ڳالھائيندا آھن جيڪا ھن ملڪ جي سرڪاري ٻولي آھي. ان کان علاوه 56.6 ماڻھو اسپيني ٻولي، 44.6 ڪريئول ٻولي، 10.5 سيڪڙو مايا، 3.2 سيڪڙو جرمن ۽ 2.9 سيڪڙو گاريفونا ٻولي ڳالهائيندڙ آھن.آبادي جو 40.1 سيڪڙو ماڻهو رومن ڪيٿولڪ مذهب، 31.5 سيڪڙو پروٽسٽنٽ، 1.7 سيڪڙو يھوا جا شاھد، 10.5 سيڪڙو باقي ٻيا جن ۾ ھندو، مسلمان، راسٽافاريئن، سيلويشن آرمي وغيره شامل آهن&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.
[[فائل:Garifuna dancers in Dangriga, Belize.jpg|left|thumb|
ڊينگريگا، بيليز ۾ گاريفونا نسل جا روايتي ڊانسر]]

== نالو ==

ملڪ جو پراڻو نالو برٽش ھونڊوراس آھي . نئون نالو بيليز اتان جي بيليز نديءَ مان نڪتل آهي. بيليز لفظ ھڪ خيال مطابق مايا ٻوليء جي لفظ بيلڪس مان نڪتل آهي جنھن جي معني آهي گپ چڪ&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.

== سياسي نظام ==

 [[فائل:Belize, administrative divisions - en - monochrome.svg|right|thumb|بيليز جا ضلعا]]
ھتي جو سياسي نظام پارلياماني جمھوريت آھي جيڪو آئيني بادشاهت جي تحت ھلي ٿو جيڪو دولت مشترڪه واري نظام ۾ شامل آھي. حڪومت جي گادي بيلموپن شھر ۾ آھي جنھن جي جاگرافيائي بيهڪ   17 15 N, 88 46 W تي  آھي. ھن ملڪ جي انتظامي ورهاست ضلعن ۾ ٿيل آهي. ملڪ جا جملي ڇھ ضلعا آهن جن ۾ بيليز، ڪايو، ڪوروزال، اورينج واڪ، اسٽان ڪريڪ، ٽوليڊو شامل آهن. ملڪ 21 سيپٽمبر 1981 ۾ برطانيا کان آزاد ٿيو.&lt;ref name=&quot;سي آء اي&quot;&gt;[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513185850/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html|date=2013-05-13}}سي آء اي فيڪٽس بڪ_&lt;/ref&gt;

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل قومن جا ڀاتي ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:دولت مشترڪه جون رڪن قومون]]</text>
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      <text bytes="14341" sha1="r2zgwxlweflyi3tuxtcbec4swuv5k7n" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = بيليز
| common_name = بيليز
| image_flag = Flag of Belize.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of Belize.svg
| symbol_type = [[قومي نشان]]
| national_motto = {{native phrase|la|&quot;Sub Umbra Floreo&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot;ڇاڻ هيٺ، مان ڦُلندو آهيان&quot;}}
| national_anthem = &quot;Land of the Free&quot;&lt;br&gt;(آزاد ماڻهن جي سرزمين)
&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[فائل:Land of the Free instrumental.ogg|centre]]&lt;/div&gt;
| royal_anthem = &quot;God Save the Queen&quot;&lt;br&gt;(خدا بادشاهه جي حفاظت ڪري)
| image_map = BLZ orthographic.svg
| image_map2 = Belize - Location Map (2013) - BLZ - UNOCHA.svg
| capital = [[بيلموپان]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|17|15|N|88|46|W|type:city_region:BZ}}
| largest_city = بيليز شهر
| official_languages = [[انگريزي ٻولي|انگلش]]&lt;br&gt;[[ڪروئل|بيليز ڪروئل]]
| ethnic_groups = {{vunblist|80.9% مخلوط نسل
|9.8%  اصلوڪا (مايا، گاريفونا)
| 1.5%  انڊو_بيليزيئن 
| 7.8%  بيا}}
| ethnic_groups_year = 2010&lt;ref name=&quot;cia&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref group=note&gt;Percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents were able to identify more than one ethnic origin.&lt;/ref&gt;
| demonym = بيليزيئن (1973ع کان)
| government_type = [[وحداني رياست|وحداني]]، [[پارلياماني نظام |پارلياماني]] [[آئيني بادشاهت]]
| leader_title1 = [[بادشاهه|شاھي سربراھه]]
| leader_name1 = [[چارلس ٽيون]]&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Charles III)&lt;small&gt;
| leader_title2 = گورنر جنرل
| leader_name2 = فلروئلا زلام&lt;small&gt;(Froyla Tzalam)&lt;small&gt;
| leader_title3 = وزيراعظم
| leader_name3 = &lt;small&gt;جوني برائسينو (Johnny Briceño)&lt;small&gt;
| legislature = [[قومي اسيمبلي|نيشنل اسيمبلي]]
| upper_house = [[سينيٽ]]
| lower_house = نمائندن جو ايوان&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(House of Representatives)&lt;small&gt;
| sovereignty_type = آزادي
| established_event1 = [[گڏيل بادشاهت]] کان ورتائين
| established_date1 = 21 سيپٽمبر، 1981ع
| area_km2 = 22966
| area_footnote = 
| area_rank = 147هون
| area_sq_mi = 8867
| percent_water = 0.8
| population_estimate = 387,879&lt;ref name=est&gt;[http://www.sib.org.bz/statistics/population POPULATION &amp; HOUSEHOLD]. sib.org.bz&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_census = 324,528&lt;ref name=&quot;census2010&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Belize Population and Housing Census 2010: Country Report|url=http://www.sib.org.bz/Portals/0/docs/publications/census/2010_Census_Report.pdf|publisher=Statistical Institute of Belize|date=2013|accessdate=11 December 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127084833/http://www.sib.org.bz/Portals/0/docs/publications/census/2010_Census_Report.pdf|archivedate=27 January 2016|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2017ع
| population_census_year = 2010ع
| population_density_km2 = 14.1
| population_density_sq_mi = 36.6
| population_density_rank = 213th
| GDP_PPP = 3.34 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=70&amp;pr.y=6&amp;sy=2018&amp;ey=2020&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=339&amp;s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC&amp;grp=0&amp;a=|title=Belize |publisher=International Monetary Fund}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year = 2018ع
| GDP_PPP_rank = 
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = 8,445 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 
| GDP_nominal = 1.91 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year = 2018ع
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = 4,830 آمريڪي ڊالر &lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| Gini = &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_year = 
| Gini_change = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini_ref = 
| Gini_rank = 
| HDI = 0.708 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_year = 2017&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change = decrease
&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;| HDI_ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.hdr.undp.org/en/2018-update |title=2018 Human Development Report |year=2018 |accessdate=14 September 2018 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank = 106th
| currency = [[بيليز ڊالر]]
| currency_code = BZD
| time_zone = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
| utc_offset = −6
| date_format = dd/mm/yyyy
| drives_on = ساڄو پاسو
| calling_code = +501
| cctld = [[.bz]]
| footnote_a = 
| footnote_b = &lt;!--Orphaned (see population_density_rank)--&gt;
| recognized_languages = [[بيليزيئن ڪريئول]]،  [[گيري فونا]], [[مايان ٻولي]] 
, [[اسپيني ٻولي]]
| languages_type = سرڪاري ٻوليون
| languages2_type = مقامي بوليون
| native_name = Balize&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;Belice ([[اسپيني ٻولي|اسپينش]])&lt;br&gt;Bileez (بيليزي ڪروئل)&lt;br&gt;B'eleze (ڪائچئ مايائي)&lt;br&gt;Belice (يوڪاتيڪ مايائي)&lt;/small&gt;
| map_caption = بيليز جو آرٿوگرافڪ نقشو
| map_caption2 = بيليز جو نقشو
| national_languages = [[ڪروئل|بيليز ڪروئل]]
| regional_languages = [[اسپيني ٻولي|اسپينش]]&lt;br&gt;[[چيني ٻولي|چائينيز]]&lt;br&gt;[[جرمن ٻولي|جرمن]]&lt;br&gt;[[مايا ٻولي]]&lt;br&gt;[[گاريفونا ٻولي]]
| languages = ٻيون
| leader_title4 = مذهب (2022)
| leader_title5 = 
| established = 
| established_event2 = 
| established_event3 = 
| established_date2 = 
| established_date3 = 
| leader_name4 = ● 61.9% عيسائيت
* 31.8% لا مذهب
* 6.3% ٻيا
}}

'''بيليز''' (انگريزي: Belize؛ {{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Belize.ogg|b|ə|ˈ|l|i:|z}} ) [[وچ آمريڪا]] ۾ واقع ھڪ ملڪ جو نالو آهي جنھن جو پراڻو نالو برٽش ھونڊوراس ھيو. ھي ملڪ وچ آمريڪا جي اوڀر واري ڪناري تي واقع آهي. ھن جي اتر اولهه ۾ [[ميڪسيڪو]]، اوڀر ۾ [[ڪيريبئن سمنڊ|ڪيريبين سمنڊ]] ۽ ڏکڻ اولھه ۾ [[گواتيمالا|گوئٽي مالا]] واقع اٿس. ھن ملڪ ۾ پارلياماني جمهوريت آئيني بادشاهت ھيٺ نظام آھي. 22,800 چورس ڪلوميٽر جي ايراضي واري ھن ملڪ جي آبادي سال 2017ع ۾ 3,87,879 ھئي .&lt;ref name=est/&gt; ھي ملڪ وچ آفريڪا جو ڇڊي آبادي وارو ملڪ آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://esa.un.org/unpp/ |title=World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision Population Database |publisher=United Nations |date=11 March 2009 |accessdate=29 August 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100819143228/http://esa.un.org/UNPP/ |archivedate=19 August 2010 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;cia&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Belize |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html |work=CIA World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |accessdate=13 January 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513185850/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html |archivedate=13 May 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن ملڪ ۾ تمام گھڻيون زميني ۽ آبي حياتياتي [[نوع (حياتيات)|جنسون]] ملن ٿيون.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://biological-diversity.info/Downloads/Ecosystem%20Mapping.zip |title=Ecosystem Mapping.zip |accessdate=3 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; ملڪ جي سرڪاري ٻولي [[انگريزي ٻولي|انگريزي]] آهي. [[ڪروئل بولي|بيليزيئن ڪروئل]] مقامي وڏي ٻولي آهي جنھن کانپوءِ ٻي وڏي ٻولي [[اسپيني ٻولي|اسپينش]] آھي. هن ملڪ جا پاڙيسري ملڪن سان سٺا تعلقات آھن.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=CARICOM – Member Country Profile – BELIZE |url=http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/belize.jsp?menu=community |website=www.caricom.org |publisher=CARICOM |accessdate=17 February 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218025626/http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/belize.jsp?menu=community |archivedate=18 February 2015 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھي ملڪ ڪيريبئن ڪميونٽي (&lt;small&gt;CARICOM&lt;/small&gt;)، لاطيني آمريڪي ۽ ڪئريبين رياستن جي برادري (&lt;small&gt;CELAC&lt;/small&gt;) جو رڪن ملڪ آهي.

== تاريخ ==
[[فائل:Caracolfacup o.jpg|thumb|
ڪاراڪول وٽ ڪئانا]]
[[فائل:Xunantunich09.jpg|thumb|زونانٽيونڪ وٽ ايل ڪاسٽيلو]]
بيليز عيسوي صدين جي پھرين ھزار سال ۾ ماين تھذيب جي ھڪ شھري رياست ھو جنھن کان پوءِ ھتي اسپين ۽ برطانيا جا تڪرار ھليا جيڪي 17 کان 18 صدي تائين جاري رھيا. اھڙي طرح 1862 ۾ ھي ملڪ برٽش ھونڊوراس جي نالي سان برطانوي ڪالوني بڻيو. گوئٽي مالا ۽ برطانيا جي علائقائي تڪرارن جي ڪري ھن کي ڏاڍي دير بعد 1981 آزادي ملي. گوئٽي مالا کيس تسليم ڪرڻ کان انڪار ڪيو نيٺ 1992 ۾ کيس تسليم ڪيو پر پوء بہ ٻنھي ملڪن وچ ۾ سرحدي تڪرار برقرار آھي.

== جاگرافي ==
ھن ملڪ جي جاگرافيائي بيهڪ 17 15 N, 88 45 W آھي ۽ نقشي ۾ وچ آمريڪا ۾ واقع آهي. ملڪ جي پکيڙ 22,966 چورس ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان 22806 چورس ڪلوميٽر خشڪي ۽ 160 چورس ڪلوميٽر پاڻي اٿس. پکيڙ ۾ دنيا ۾ 152 نمبر تي آهي. ملڪ جي خشڪي سان سرحد 542 ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان 266 ڪلوميٽر [[گوئٽي مالا]] سان ۽ 276 ڪلوميٽر [[ميڪسيڪو]] سان ملي ٿي. بحري سرحد 386 ڪلوميٽر اٿس ۽ سمنڊ اندر علائقي جي 12 ناٽيڪل ميل ۽ مخصوص معاشي زون ھجڻ جي 200 ناٽيڪل ميلن تائين  سندس علائقي ھجڻ جي دعویٰ اٿس.  ھتان جي زمين ھموار ، ساحلي ميدان واري، گپ چڪ واري آھي ڏکڻ طرف ننڍا جبل پڻ واقع اٿس.ملڪ جي سراسري بلندي 173 ميٽر آھي. سڀ کان اوچو مقام ڊوائلس ڊيلائيٽ آھي جنھن جي بلندي 1124 ميٽر آھي&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.

== آبهوا ==
ھتان جي آبهوا [[ٽراپيڪل]] آھي.موسم تمام گرم ۽ نمي واري ھوندي آھي. مئي کان نومبر ۾ ھتي برسات پوندي آھي ۽ فبروري کان اپريل تائين موسم خشڪ رھندي آھي&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;

== قدرتي وسيلا ==
قدرتي وسيلن ۾ پوکي لائق زمين، عمارتي ڪاٺ ، مڇي ۽ ھائڊرو پاور شامل آهن&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;

== زراعت ==

ھتان جي 6.9 سيڪڙو زمين زرعي آھي جنھن مان 3.3 سيڪڙو پوکي لائق جنھن مان 1.4 سيڪڙو تي مستقل پوکي ٿئي ٿي. 2.2 سيڪڙو زرعي زمين تي چراگاھون آھن باقي 60.6 سيڪڙو زرعي زمين تي ٻيلا آهن. آبپاشي واري زمين پوري ملڪ ۾ 35 چورس ڪلوميٽر آهي&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.

== بيليز جا ماڻهو ==

[[فائل:Kek'Chi Maya Children.jpg|
مايا نسل جا ٻار|thumb]]
بيليز جي آبادي جولاءِ 2017 ۾ 360346 ھئي. دنيا ۾ آبادي جي لحاظ کان ان جو نمبر 177 آهي. ھتان جي ماڻھن کي بيليزيئن چوندا آهن. انھن م 52.9 سيڪڙو ميسٽيزو، 25.9 سيڪڙو ڪريئول، 11.3 سيڪڙو مايا، 6.1 سيڪڙو گيريفونا، 3.9 سيڪڙو اوڀر انڊين، 3.6 سيڪڙو مينونائٽ ۽  1.2سيڪڙو  گورا آھن.  آبادي جو 62.9 سيڪڙو ماڻهو انگريزي ڳالھائيندا آھن جيڪا ھن ملڪ جي سرڪاري ٻولي آھي. ان کان علاوه 56.6 ماڻھو اسپيني ٻولي، 44.6 ڪريئول ٻولي، 10.5 سيڪڙو مايا، 3.2 سيڪڙو جرمن ۽ 2.9 سيڪڙو گاريفونا ٻولي ڳالهائيندڙ آھن.آبادي جو 40.1 سيڪڙو ماڻهو رومن ڪيٿولڪ مذهب، 31.5 سيڪڙو پروٽسٽنٽ، 1.7 سيڪڙو يھوا جا شاھد، 10.5 سيڪڙو باقي ٻيا جن ۾ ھندو، مسلمان، راسٽافاريئن، سيلويشن آرمي وغيره شامل آهن&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.
[[فائل:Garifuna dancers in Dangriga, Belize.jpg|left|thumb|
ڊينگريگا، بيليز ۾ گاريفونا نسل جا روايتي ڊانسر]]

== نالو ==

ملڪ جو پراڻو نالو برٽش ھونڊوراس آھي . نئون نالو بيليز اتان جي بيليز نديءَ مان نڪتل آهي. بيليز لفظ ھڪ خيال مطابق مايا ٻوليء جي لفظ بيلڪس مان نڪتل آهي جنھن جي معني آهي گپ چڪ&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.

== سياسي نظام ==

 [[فائل:Belize, administrative divisions - en - monochrome.svg|right|thumb|بيليز جا ضلعا]]
ھتي جو سياسي نظام پارلياماني جمھوريت آھي جيڪو آئيني بادشاهت جي تحت ھلي ٿو جيڪو دولت مشترڪه واري نظام ۾ شامل آھي. حڪومت جي گادي بيلموپن شھر ۾ آھي جنھن جي جاگرافيائي بيهڪ   17 15 N, 88 46 W تي  آھي. ھن ملڪ جي انتظامي ورهاست ضلعن ۾ ٿيل آهي. ملڪ جا جملي ڇھ ضلعا آهن جن ۾ بيليز، ڪايو، ڪوروزال، اورينج واڪ، اسٽان ڪريڪ، ٽوليڊو شامل آهن. ملڪ 21 سيپٽمبر 1981 ۾ برطانيا کان آزاد ٿيو.&lt;ref name=&quot;سي آء اي&quot;&gt;[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513185850/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html|date=2013-05-13}}سي آء اي فيڪٽس بڪ_&lt;/ref&gt;

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل قومن جا ڀاتي ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:دولت مشترڪه جون رڪن قومون]]</text>
      <sha1>r2zgwxlweflyi3tuxtcbec4swuv5k7n</sha1>
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      <timestamp>2025-07-03T17:49:42Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
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      <text bytes="14337" sha1="3lbqnmar5j9afzg4v3qzvon2m8638wz" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = بيليز
| common_name = بيليز
| image_flag = Flag of Belize.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of Belize.svg
| symbol_type = [[قومي نشان]]
| national_motto = {{native phrase|la|&quot;Sub Umbra Floreo&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot;ڇاڻ هيٺ، مان ڦُلندو آهيان&quot;}}
| national_anthem = &quot;Land of the Free&quot;&lt;br&gt;(آزاد ماڻهن جي سرزمين)
&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[فائل:Land of the Free instrumental.ogg|centre]]&lt;/div&gt;
| royal_anthem = &quot;God Save the Queen&quot;&lt;br&gt;(خدا بادشاهه جي حفاظت ڪري)
| image_map = BLZ orthographic.svg
| image_map2 = Belize - Location Map (2013) - BLZ - UNOCHA.svg
| capital = [[بيلموپان]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|17|15|N|88|46|W|type:city_region:BZ}}
| largest_city = بيليز شهر
| official_languages = [[انگريزي ٻولي|انگلش]]&lt;br&gt;[[ڪروئل|بيليز ڪروئل]]
| ethnic_groups = {{vunblist|80.9% مخلوط نسل
|9.8%  اصلوڪا (مايا، گاريفونا)
| 1.5%  انڊو_بيليزيئن 
| 7.8%  بيا}}
| ethnic_groups_year = 2010&lt;ref name=&quot;cia&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref group=note&gt;Percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents were able to identify more than one ethnic origin.&lt;/ref&gt;
| demonym = بيليزيئن (1973ع کان)
| government_type = [[وحداني رياست|وحداني]]، [[پارلياماني نظام |پارلياماني]] [[آئيني بادشاهت]]
| leader_title1 = [[بادشاهه|شاھي سربراھه]]
| leader_name1 = [[چارلس ٽيون]]&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Charles III)&lt;small&gt;
| leader_title2 = گورنر جنرل
| leader_name2 = فلروئلا زلام&lt;small&gt;(Froyla Tzalam)&lt;small&gt;
| leader_title3 = وزيراعظم
| leader_name3 = جوني برائسينو&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Johnny Briceño)&lt;small&gt;
| legislature = [[قومي اسيمبلي|نيشنل اسيمبلي]]
| upper_house = [[سينيٽ]]
| lower_house = نمائندن جو ايوان&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(House of Representatives)&lt;small&gt;
| sovereignty_type = آزادي
| established_event1 = [[گڏيل بادشاهت]] کان ورتائين
| established_date1 = 21 سيپٽمبر، 1981ع
| area_km2 = 22966
| area_footnote = 
| area_rank = 147هون
| area_sq_mi = 8867
| percent_water = 0.8
| population_estimate = 387,879&lt;ref name=est&gt;[http://www.sib.org.bz/statistics/population POPULATION &amp; HOUSEHOLD]. sib.org.bz&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_census = 324,528&lt;ref name=&quot;census2010&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Belize Population and Housing Census 2010: Country Report|url=http://www.sib.org.bz/Portals/0/docs/publications/census/2010_Census_Report.pdf|publisher=Statistical Institute of Belize|date=2013|accessdate=11 December 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127084833/http://www.sib.org.bz/Portals/0/docs/publications/census/2010_Census_Report.pdf|archivedate=27 January 2016|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2017ع
| population_census_year = 2010ع
| population_density_km2 = 14.1
| population_density_sq_mi = 36.6
| population_density_rank = 213th
| GDP_PPP = 3.34 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=70&amp;pr.y=6&amp;sy=2018&amp;ey=2020&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=339&amp;s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC&amp;grp=0&amp;a=|title=Belize |publisher=International Monetary Fund}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year = 2018ع
| GDP_PPP_rank = 
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = 8,445 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 
| GDP_nominal = 1.91 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year = 2018ع
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = 4,830 آمريڪي ڊالر &lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| Gini = &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_year = 
| Gini_change = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini_ref = 
| Gini_rank = 
| HDI = 0.708 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_year = 2017&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change = decrease
&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;| HDI_ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.hdr.undp.org/en/2018-update |title=2018 Human Development Report |year=2018 |accessdate=14 September 2018 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank = 106th
| currency = [[بيليز ڊالر]]
| currency_code = BZD
| time_zone = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
| utc_offset = −6
| date_format = dd/mm/yyyy
| drives_on = ساڄو پاسو
| calling_code = +501
| cctld = [[.bz]]
| footnote_a = 
| footnote_b = &lt;!--Orphaned (see population_density_rank)--&gt;
| recognized_languages = [[بيليزيئن ڪريئول]]،  [[گيري فونا]]، [[مايان ٻولي]]،  [[اسپيني ٻولي]]
| languages_type = سرڪاري ٻوليون
| languages2_type = مقامي بوليون
| native_name = Balize&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;Belice ([[اسپيني ٻولي|اسپينش]])&lt;br&gt;Bileez (بيليزي ڪروئل)&lt;br&gt;B'eleze (ڪائچئ مايائي)&lt;br&gt;Belice (يوڪاتيڪ مايائي)&lt;/small&gt;
| map_caption = بيليز جو آرٿوگرافڪ نقشو
| map_caption2 = بيليز جو نقشو
| national_languages = [[ڪروئل|بيليز ڪروئل]]
| regional_languages = [[اسپيني ٻولي|اسپينش]]&lt;br&gt;[[چيني ٻولي|چائينيز]]&lt;br&gt;[[جرمن ٻولي|جرمن]]&lt;br&gt;[[مايا ٻولي]]&lt;br&gt;[[گاريفونا ٻولي]]
| languages = ٻيون
| leader_title4 = مذهب (2022)
| leader_title5 = 
| established = 
| established_event2 = 
| established_event3 = 
| established_date2 = 
| established_date3 = 
| leader_name4 = ● 61.9% عيسائيت
* 31.8% لا مذهب
* 6.3% ٻيا
}}

'''بيليز''' (انگريزي: Belize؛ {{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Belize.ogg|b|ə|ˈ|l|i:|z}} ) [[وچ آمريڪا]] ۾ واقع ھڪ ملڪ جو نالو آهي جنھن جو پراڻو نالو برٽش ھونڊوراس ھيو. ھي ملڪ وچ آمريڪا جي اوڀر واري ڪناري تي واقع آهي. ھن جي اتر اولهه ۾ [[ميڪسيڪو]]، اوڀر ۾ [[ڪيريبئن سمنڊ|ڪيريبين سمنڊ]] ۽ ڏکڻ اولھه ۾ [[گواتيمالا|گوئٽي مالا]] واقع اٿس. ھن ملڪ ۾ پارلياماني جمهوريت آئيني بادشاهت ھيٺ نظام آھي. 22,800 چورس ڪلوميٽر جي ايراضي واري ھن ملڪ جي آبادي 2017ع ۾ 3,87,879 ھئي.&lt;ref name=est/&gt; ھي ملڪ وچ آمريڪا جو ڇڊي آبادي وارو ملڪ آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://esa.un.org/unpp/ |title=World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision Population Database |publisher=United Nations |date=11 March 2009 |accessdate=29 August 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100819143228/http://esa.un.org/UNPP/ |archivedate=19 August 2010 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;cia&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Belize |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html |work=CIA World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |accessdate=13 January 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513185850/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html |archivedate=13 May 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن ملڪ ۾ تمام گھڻيون زميني ۽ آبي [[نوع (حياتيات)|حياتياتي جنسون]] ملن ٿيون.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://biological-diversity.info/Downloads/Ecosystem%20Mapping.zip |title=Ecosystem Mapping.zip |accessdate=3 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; ملڪ جي سرڪاري ٻولي [[انگريزي ٻولي|انگريزي]] آهي. [[ڪروئل بولي|بيليزيئن ڪروئل]] مقامي وڏي ٻولي آهي جنھن کانپوءِ ٻي وڏي ٻولي [[اسپيني ٻولي|اسپينش]] آھي. هن ملڪ جا پاڙيسري ملڪن سان سٺا تعلقات آھن.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=CARICOM – Member Country Profile – BELIZE |url=http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/belize.jsp?menu=community |website=www.caricom.org |publisher=CARICOM |accessdate=17 February 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218025626/http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/belize.jsp?menu=community |archivedate=18 February 2015 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھي ملڪ ڪيريبئن ڪميونٽي (&lt;small&gt;CARICOM&lt;/small&gt;)، لاطيني آمريڪي ۽ ڪئريبين رياستن جي برادري (&lt;small&gt;CELAC&lt;/small&gt;) جو رڪن ملڪ آهي.

== تاريخ ==
[[فائل:Caracolfacup o.jpg|thumb|
ڪاراڪول وٽ ڪئانا]]
[[فائل:Xunantunich09.jpg|thumb|زونانٽيونڪ وٽ ايل ڪاسٽيلو]]
بيليز عيسوي صدين جي پھرين ھزار سال ۾ ماين تھذيب جي ھڪ شھري رياست ھو جنھن کان پوءِ ھتي اسپين ۽ برطانيا جا تڪرار ھليا جيڪي 17 کان 18 صدي تائين جاري رھيا. اھڙي طرح 1862 ۾ ھي ملڪ برٽش ھونڊوراس جي نالي سان برطانوي ڪالوني بڻيو. گوئٽي مالا ۽ برطانيا جي علائقائي تڪرارن جي ڪري ھن کي ڏاڍي دير بعد 1981 آزادي ملي. گوئٽي مالا کيس تسليم ڪرڻ کان انڪار ڪيو نيٺ 1992 ۾ کيس تسليم ڪيو پر پوء بہ ٻنھي ملڪن وچ ۾ سرحدي تڪرار برقرار آھي.

== جاگرافي ==
ھن ملڪ جي جاگرافيائي بيهڪ 17 15 N, 88 45 W آھي ۽ نقشي ۾ وچ آمريڪا ۾ واقع آهي. ملڪ جي پکيڙ 22,966 چورس ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان 22806 چورس ڪلوميٽر خشڪي ۽ 160 چورس ڪلوميٽر پاڻي اٿس. پکيڙ ۾ دنيا ۾ 152 نمبر تي آهي. ملڪ جي خشڪي سان سرحد 542 ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان 266 ڪلوميٽر [[گوئٽي مالا]] سان ۽ 276 ڪلوميٽر [[ميڪسيڪو]] سان ملي ٿي. بحري سرحد 386 ڪلوميٽر اٿس ۽ سمنڊ اندر علائقي جي 12 ناٽيڪل ميل ۽ مخصوص معاشي زون ھجڻ جي 200 ناٽيڪل ميلن تائين  سندس علائقي ھجڻ جي دعویٰ اٿس.  ھتان جي زمين ھموار ، ساحلي ميدان واري، گپ چڪ واري آھي ڏکڻ طرف ننڍا جبل پڻ واقع اٿس.ملڪ جي سراسري بلندي 173 ميٽر آھي. سڀ کان اوچو مقام ڊوائلس ڊيلائيٽ آھي جنھن جي بلندي 1124 ميٽر آھي&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.

== آبهوا ==
ھتان جي آبهوا [[ٽراپيڪل]] آھي.موسم تمام گرم ۽ نمي واري ھوندي آھي. مئي کان نومبر ۾ ھتي برسات پوندي آھي ۽ فبروري کان اپريل تائين موسم خشڪ رھندي آھي&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;

== قدرتي وسيلا ==
قدرتي وسيلن ۾ پوکي لائق زمين، عمارتي ڪاٺ ، مڇي ۽ ھائڊرو پاور شامل آهن&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;

== زراعت ==

ھتان جي 6.9 سيڪڙو زمين زرعي آھي جنھن مان 3.3 سيڪڙو پوکي لائق جنھن مان 1.4 سيڪڙو تي مستقل پوکي ٿئي ٿي. 2.2 سيڪڙو زرعي زمين تي چراگاھون آھن باقي 60.6 سيڪڙو زرعي زمين تي ٻيلا آهن. آبپاشي واري زمين پوري ملڪ ۾ 35 چورس ڪلوميٽر آهي&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.

== بيليز جا ماڻهو ==

[[فائل:Kek'Chi Maya Children.jpg|
مايا نسل جا ٻار|thumb]]
بيليز جي آبادي جولاءِ 2017 ۾ 360346 ھئي. دنيا ۾ آبادي جي لحاظ کان ان جو نمبر 177 آهي. ھتان جي ماڻھن کي بيليزيئن چوندا آهن. انھن م 52.9 سيڪڙو ميسٽيزو، 25.9 سيڪڙو ڪريئول، 11.3 سيڪڙو مايا، 6.1 سيڪڙو گيريفونا، 3.9 سيڪڙو اوڀر انڊين، 3.6 سيڪڙو مينونائٽ ۽  1.2سيڪڙو  گورا آھن.  آبادي جو 62.9 سيڪڙو ماڻهو انگريزي ڳالھائيندا آھن جيڪا ھن ملڪ جي سرڪاري ٻولي آھي. ان کان علاوه 56.6 ماڻھو اسپيني ٻولي، 44.6 ڪريئول ٻولي، 10.5 سيڪڙو مايا، 3.2 سيڪڙو جرمن ۽ 2.9 سيڪڙو گاريفونا ٻولي ڳالهائيندڙ آھن.آبادي جو 40.1 سيڪڙو ماڻهو رومن ڪيٿولڪ مذهب، 31.5 سيڪڙو پروٽسٽنٽ، 1.7 سيڪڙو يھوا جا شاھد، 10.5 سيڪڙو باقي ٻيا جن ۾ ھندو، مسلمان، راسٽافاريئن، سيلويشن آرمي وغيره شامل آهن&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.
[[فائل:Garifuna dancers in Dangriga, Belize.jpg|left|thumb|
ڊينگريگا، بيليز ۾ گاريفونا نسل جا روايتي ڊانسر]]

== نالو ==

ملڪ جو پراڻو نالو برٽش ھونڊوراس آھي . نئون نالو بيليز اتان جي بيليز نديءَ مان نڪتل آهي. بيليز لفظ ھڪ خيال مطابق مايا ٻوليء جي لفظ بيلڪس مان نڪتل آهي جنھن جي معني آهي گپ چڪ&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.

== سياسي نظام ==

 [[فائل:Belize, administrative divisions - en - monochrome.svg|right|thumb|بيليز جا ضلعا]]
ھتي جو سياسي نظام پارلياماني جمھوريت آھي جيڪو آئيني بادشاهت جي تحت ھلي ٿو جيڪو دولت مشترڪه واري نظام ۾ شامل آھي. حڪومت جي گادي بيلموپن شھر ۾ آھي جنھن جي جاگرافيائي بيهڪ   17 15 N, 88 46 W تي  آھي. ھن ملڪ جي انتظامي ورهاست ضلعن ۾ ٿيل آهي. ملڪ جا جملي ڇھ ضلعا آهن جن ۾ بيليز، ڪايو، ڪوروزال، اورينج واڪ، اسٽان ڪريڪ، ٽوليڊو شامل آهن. ملڪ 21 سيپٽمبر 1981 ۾ برطانيا کان آزاد ٿيو.&lt;ref name=&quot;سي آء اي&quot;&gt;[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513185850/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html|date=2013-05-13}}سي آء اي فيڪٽس بڪ_&lt;/ref&gt;

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل قومن جا ڀاتي ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:دولت مشترڪه جون رڪن قومون]]</text>
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      <text bytes="16876" sha1="fryg5etydrw96wp952zg5gwncxp558v" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = بيليز
| common_name = بيليز
| image_flag = Flag of Belize.svg
| image_coat = Coat of arms of Belize.svg
| symbol_type = [[قومي نشان]]
| national_motto = {{native phrase|la|&quot;Sub Umbra Floreo&quot;|italics=off}}&lt;br/&gt;{{small|&quot;ڇاڻ هيٺ، مان ڦُلندو آهيان&quot;}}
| national_anthem = &quot;Land of the Free&quot;&lt;br&gt;(آزاد ماڻهن جي سرزمين)
&lt;div style=&quot;padding-top:0.5em;&quot;&gt;
[[فائل:Land of the Free instrumental.ogg|centre]]&lt;/div&gt;
| royal_anthem = &quot;God Save the Queen&quot;&lt;br&gt;(خدا بادشاهه جي حفاظت ڪري)
| image_map = BLZ orthographic.svg
| image_map2 = Belize - Location Map (2013) - BLZ - UNOCHA.svg
| capital = [[بيلموپان]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|17|15|N|88|46|W|type:city_region:BZ}}
| largest_city = بيليز شهر
| official_languages = [[انگريزي ٻولي|انگلش]]&lt;br&gt;[[ڪروئل|بيليز ڪروئل]]
| ethnic_groups = {{vunblist|80.9% مخلوط نسل
|9.8%  اصلوڪا (مايا، گاريفونا)
| 1.5%  انڊو_بيليزيئن 
| 7.8%  بيا}}
| ethnic_groups_year = 2010&lt;ref name=&quot;cia&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref group=note&gt;Percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents were able to identify more than one ethnic origin.&lt;/ref&gt;
| demonym = بيليزيئن (1973ع کان)
| government_type = [[وحداني رياست|وحداني]]، [[پارلياماني نظام |پارلياماني]] [[آئيني بادشاهت]]
| leader_title1 = [[بادشاهه|شاھي سربراھه]]
| leader_name1 = [[چارلس ٽيون]]&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Charles III)&lt;small&gt;
| leader_title2 = گورنر جنرل
| leader_name2 = فلروئلا زلام&lt;small&gt;(Froyla Tzalam)&lt;small&gt;
| leader_title3 = وزيراعظم
| leader_name3 = جوني برائسينو&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(Johnny Briceño)&lt;small&gt;
| legislature = [[قومي اسيمبلي|نيشنل اسيمبلي]]
| upper_house = [[سينيٽ]]
| lower_house = نمائندن جو ايوان&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(House of Representatives)&lt;small&gt;
| sovereignty_type = آزادي
| established_event1 = [[گڏيل بادشاهت]] کان ورتائين
| established_date1 = 21 سيپٽمبر، 1981ع
| area_km2 = 22966
| area_footnote = 
| area_rank = 147هون
| area_sq_mi = 8867
| percent_water = 0.8
| population_estimate = 387,879&lt;ref name=est&gt;[http://www.sib.org.bz/statistics/population POPULATION &amp; HOUSEHOLD]. sib.org.bz&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_census = 324,528&lt;ref name=&quot;census2010&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Belize Population and Housing Census 2010: Country Report|url=http://www.sib.org.bz/Portals/0/docs/publications/census/2010_Census_Report.pdf|publisher=Statistical Institute of Belize|date=2013|accessdate=11 December 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127084833/http://www.sib.org.bz/Portals/0/docs/publications/census/2010_Census_Report.pdf|archivedate=27 January 2016|df=dmy-all}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_estimate_year = 2017ع
| population_census_year = 2010ع
| population_density_km2 = 14.1
| population_density_sq_mi = 36.6
| population_density_rank = 213th
| GDP_PPP = 3.34 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=70&amp;pr.y=6&amp;sy=2018&amp;ey=2020&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=339&amp;s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC&amp;grp=0&amp;a=|title=Belize |publisher=International Monetary Fund}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| GDP_PPP_year = 2018ع
| GDP_PPP_rank = 
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = 8,445 آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 
| GDP_nominal = 1.91 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر&lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| GDP_nominal_year = 2018ع
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = 4,830 آمريڪي ڊالر &lt;ref name=imf2/&gt;
| Gini = &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| Gini_year = 
| Gini_change = &lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;
| Gini_ref = 
| Gini_rank = 
| HDI = 0.708 &lt;!--number only--&gt;
| HDI_year = 2017&lt;!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--&gt;
| HDI_change = decrease
&lt;!--increase/decrease/steady--&gt;| HDI_ref = &lt;ref name=&quot;HDI&quot;&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.hdr.undp.org/en/2018-update |title=2018 Human Development Report |year=2018 |accessdate=14 September 2018 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| HDI_rank = 106th
| currency = [[بيليز ڊالر]]
| currency_code = BZD
| time_zone = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
| utc_offset = −6
| date_format = dd/mm/yyyy
| drives_on = ساڄو پاسو
| calling_code = +501
| cctld = [[.bz]]
| footnote_a = 
| footnote_b = &lt;!--Orphaned (see population_density_rank)--&gt;
| recognized_languages = [[بيليزيئن ڪريئول]]،  [[گيري فونا]]، [[مايان ٻولي]]،  [[اسپيني ٻولي]]
| languages_type = سرڪاري ٻوليون
| languages2_type = مقامي بوليون
| native_name = Balize&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;Belice ([[اسپيني ٻولي|اسپينش]])&lt;br&gt;Bileez (بيليزي ڪروئل)&lt;br&gt;B'eleze (ڪائچئ مايائي)&lt;br&gt;Belice (يوڪاتيڪ مايائي)&lt;/small&gt;
| map_caption = بيليز جو آرٿوگرافڪ نقشو
| map_caption2 = بيليز جو نقشو
| national_languages = [[ڪروئل|بيليز ڪروئل]]
| regional_languages = [[اسپيني ٻولي|اسپينش]]&lt;br&gt;[[چيني ٻولي|چائينيز]]&lt;br&gt;[[جرمن ٻولي|جرمن]]&lt;br&gt;[[مايا ٻولي]]&lt;br&gt;[[گاريفونا ٻولي]]
| languages = ٻيون
| leader_title4 = مذهب (2022)
| leader_title5 = 
| established = 
| established_event2 = 
| established_event3 = 
| established_date2 = 
| established_date3 = 
| leader_name4 = ● 61.9% عيسائيت
* 31.8% لا مذهب
* 6.3% ٻيا
}}

'''بيليز''' (انگريزي: Belize؛ {{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Belize.ogg|b|ə|ˈ|l|i:|z}} ) [[وچ آمريڪا]] ۾ واقع ھڪ ملڪ جو نالو آهي جنھن جو پراڻو نالو برٽش ھونڊوراس ھيو. ھي ملڪ وچ آمريڪا جي اوڀر واري ڪناري تي واقع آهي. ھن جي اتر اولهه ۾ [[ميڪسيڪو]]، اوڀر ۾ [[ڪيريبئن سمنڊ|ڪيريبين سمنڊ]] ۽ ڏکڻ اولھه ۾ [[گواتيمالا|گوئٽي مالا]] واقع اٿس. ھن ملڪ ۾ پارلياماني جمهوريت آئيني بادشاهت ھيٺ نظام آھي. 22,800 چورس ڪلوميٽر جي ايراضي واري ھن ملڪ جي آبادي 2017ع ۾ 3,87,879 ھئي.&lt;ref name=est/&gt; ھي ملڪ وچ آمريڪا جو ڇڊي آبادي وارو ملڪ آھي.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://esa.un.org/unpp/ |title=World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision Population Database |publisher=United Nations |date=11 March 2009 |accessdate=29 August 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100819143228/http://esa.un.org/UNPP/ |archivedate=19 August 2010 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;cia&quot;&gt;{{cite web|title=Belize |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html |work=CIA World Factbook |publisher=Central Intelligence Agency |accessdate=13 January 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513185850/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html |archivedate=13 May 2013 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھن ملڪ ۾ تمام گھڻيون زميني ۽ آبي [[نوع (حياتيات)|حياتياتي جنسون]] ملن ٿيون.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://biological-diversity.info/Downloads/Ecosystem%20Mapping.zip |title=Ecosystem Mapping.zip |accessdate=3 July 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; ملڪ جي سرڪاري ٻولي [[انگريزي ٻولي|انگريزي]] آهي. [[ڪروئل بولي|بيليزيئن ڪروئل]] مقامي وڏي ٻولي آهي جنھن کانپوءِ ٻي وڏي ٻولي [[اسپيني ٻولي|اسپينش]] آھي. هن ملڪ جا پاڙيسري ملڪن سان سٺا تعلقات آھن.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=CARICOM – Member Country Profile – BELIZE |url=http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/belize.jsp?menu=community |website=www.caricom.org |publisher=CARICOM |accessdate=17 February 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218025626/http://www.caricom.org/jsp/community/belize.jsp?menu=community |archivedate=18 February 2015 |df=}}&lt;/ref&gt; ھي ملڪ ڪيريبئن ڪميونٽي (&lt;small&gt;CARICOM&lt;/small&gt;)، لاطيني آمريڪي ۽ ڪئريبين رياستن جي برادري (&lt;small&gt;CELAC&lt;/small&gt;) جو رڪن ملڪ آهي.

== تاريخ ==
[[فائل:Caracolfacup o.jpg|thumb|
ڪاراڪول وٽ ڪئانا]]
[[فائل:Xunantunich09.jpg|thumb|زونانٽيونڪ وٽ ايل ڪاسٽيلو]]
بيليز عيسوي صدين جي پھرين ھزار سال ۾ ماين تھذيب جي ھڪ شھري رياست ھو جنھن کان پوءِ ھتي اسپين ۽ برطانيا جا تڪرار ھليا جيڪي 17 کان 18 صدي تائين جاري رھيا. اھڙي طرح 1862 ۾ ھي ملڪ برٽش ھونڊوراس جي نالي سان برطانوي ڪالوني بڻيو. گوئٽي مالا ۽ برطانيا جي علائقائي تڪرارن جي ڪري ھن کي ڏاڍي دير بعد 1981 آزادي ملي. گوئٽي مالا کيس تسليم ڪرڻ کان انڪار ڪيو نيٺ 1992 ۾ کيس تسليم ڪيو پر پوء بہ ٻنھي ملڪن وچ ۾ سرحدي تڪرار برقرار آھي.

== جاگرافي ==
ھن ملڪ جي جاگرافيائي بيهڪ 17 15 N, 88 45 W آھي ۽ نقشي ۾ وچ آمريڪا ۾ واقع آهي. ملڪ جي پکيڙ 22,966 چورس ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان 22806 چورس ڪلوميٽر خشڪي ۽ 160 چورس ڪلوميٽر پاڻي اٿس. پکيڙ ۾ دنيا ۾ 152 نمبر تي آهي. ملڪ جي خشڪي سان سرحد 542 ڪلوميٽر آهي جنھن مان 266 ڪلوميٽر [[گوئٽي مالا]] سان ۽ 276 ڪلوميٽر [[ميڪسيڪو]] سان ملي ٿي. بحري سرحد 386 ڪلوميٽر اٿس ۽ سمنڊ اندر علائقي جي 12 ناٽيڪل ميل ۽ مخصوص معاشي زون ھجڻ جي 200 ناٽيڪل ميلن تائين  سندس علائقي ھجڻ جي دعویٰ اٿس.  ھتان جي زمين ھموار ، ساحلي ميدان واري، گپ چڪ واري آھي ڏکڻ طرف ننڍا جبل پڻ واقع اٿس.ملڪ جي سراسري بلندي 173 ميٽر آھي. سڀ کان اوچو مقام ڊوائلس ڊيلائيٽ آھي جنھن جي بلندي 1124 ميٽر آھي&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.

== آبهوا ==
ھتان جي آبهوا [[ٽراپيڪل]] آھي.موسم تمام گرم ۽ نمي واري ھوندي آھي. مئي کان نومبر ۾ ھتي برسات پوندي آھي ۽ فبروري کان اپريل تائين موسم خشڪ رھندي آھي&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;

== قدرتي وسيلا ==
قدرتي وسيلن ۾ پوکي لائق زمين، عمارتي ڪاٺ ، مڇي ۽ ھائڊرو پاور شامل آهن&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;

== زراعت ==

ھتان جي 6.9 سيڪڙو زمين زرعي آھي جنھن مان 3.3 سيڪڙو پوکي لائق جنھن مان 1.4 سيڪڙو تي مستقل پوکي ٿئي ٿي. 2.2 سيڪڙو زرعي زمين تي چراگاھون آھن باقي 60.6 سيڪڙو زرعي زمين تي ٻيلا آهن. آبپاشي واري زمين پوري ملڪ ۾ 35 چورس ڪلوميٽر آهي&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.

== بيليز جا ماڻهو ==

[[فائل:Kek'Chi Maya Children.jpg|
مايا نسل جا ٻار|thumb]]
بيليز جي آبادي جولاءِ 2017 ۾ 360346 ھئي. دنيا ۾ آبادي جي لحاظ کان ان جو نمبر 177 آهي. ھتان جي ماڻھن کي بيليزيئن چوندا آهن. انھن م 52.9 سيڪڙو ميسٽيزو، 25.9 سيڪڙو ڪريئول، 11.3 سيڪڙو مايا، 6.1 سيڪڙو گيريفونا، 3.9 سيڪڙو اوڀر انڊين، 3.6 سيڪڙو مينونائٽ ۽  1.2سيڪڙو  گورا آھن.  آبادي جو 62.9 سيڪڙو ماڻهو انگريزي ڳالھائيندا آھن جيڪا ھن ملڪ جي سرڪاري ٻولي آھي. ان کان علاوه 56.6 ماڻھو اسپيني ٻولي، 44.6 ڪريئول ٻولي، 10.5 سيڪڙو مايا، 3.2 سيڪڙو جرمن ۽ 2.9 سيڪڙو گاريفونا ٻولي ڳالهائيندڙ آھن.آبادي جو 40.1 سيڪڙو ماڻهو رومن ڪيٿولڪ مذهب، 31.5 سيڪڙو پروٽسٽنٽ، 1.7 سيڪڙو يھوا جا شاھد، 10.5 سيڪڙو باقي ٻيا جن ۾ ھندو، مسلمان، راسٽافاريئن، سيلويشن آرمي وغيره شامل آهن&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.
[[فائل:Garifuna dancers in Dangriga, Belize.jpg|left|thumb|
ڊينگريگا، بيليز ۾ گاريفونا نسل جا روايتي ڊانسر]]

== نالو ==

ملڪ جو پراڻو نالو برٽش ھونڊوراس آھي . نئون نالو بيليز اتان جي بيليز نديءَ مان نڪتل آهي. بيليز لفظ ھڪ خيال مطابق مايا ٻوليء جي لفظ بيلڪس مان نڪتل آهي جنھن جي معني آهي گپ چڪ&lt;ref name = &quot; سي آء اي &quot;/&gt;.

== سياسي نظام ==

 [[فائل:Belize, administrative divisions - en - monochrome.svg|right|thumb|بيليز جا ضلعا]]
ھتي جو سياسي نظام پارلياماني جمھوريت آھي جيڪو آئيني بادشاهت جي تحت ھلي ٿو جيڪو دولت مشترڪه واري نظام ۾ شامل آھي. حڪومت جي گادي بيلموپن شھر ۾ آھي جنھن جي جاگرافيائي بيهڪ   17 15 N, 88 46 W تي  آھي. ھن ملڪ جي انتظامي ورهاست ضلعن ۾ ٿيل آهي. ملڪ جا جملي ڇھ ضلعا آهن جن ۾ بيليز، ڪايو، ڪوروزال، اورينج واڪ، اسٽان ڪريڪ، ٽوليڊو شامل آهن. ملڪ 21 سيپٽمبر 1981 ۾ برطانيا کان آزاد ٿيو.&lt;ref name=&quot;سي آء اي&quot;&gt;[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513185850/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bh.html|date=2013-05-13}}سي آء اي فيڪٽس بڪ_&lt;/ref&gt;

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
{{Sister project links|voy=Belize|Belize}}
* {{official website|https://www.belize.gov.bz/}} – Government of Belize. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110020204/https://www.belize.gov.bz/ |date=10 January 2021 }}.
* [https://www.royal.uk/belize Official webpage of Queen Elizabeth II] (as former Queen of Belize)
* {{Wikiatlas|Belize}}
* [https://travel.state.gov/content/passports/en/country/belize.html Profile at U.S. Department of State]
* [https://www.nemo.org.bz Belize National Emergency Management Organization] – Official governmental site
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130204023932/https://wildlifebelize.com/ Belize Wildlife Conservation Network] – Belize Wildlife Conservation Network (archived 4 February 2013)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120205214449/https://www.cathalac.org/ CATHALAC] – Water Center for the Humid Tropics of Latin America and the Caribbean (archived 5 February 2012)
* [https://lanic.utexas.edu/la/ca/belize/ LANIC Belize page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241217202833/http://lanic.utexas.edu/la/ca/belize/ |date=17 December 2024 }}
* [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/belize/ Belize]. ''[[The World Factbook]]''. [[Central Intelligence Agency]].
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130511095345/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/belize.htm Belize] at ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' (archived 11 May 2013)
* [https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1211472.stm Belize] from the [[BBC News]]
* [https://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=BZ Key Development Forecasts for Belize] from [[International Futures]]
* [https://www.hydromet.gov.bz/ Hydromet.gov.bz] – Official website of the Belize National Meteorological Service
* [https://bzj.miraheze.org/wiki/Main_Page Bileez Kriol Wiki – A wiki in Belizean Creole about Belize]

{{Belize topics}}
{{Central America topic}}
{{North America topic}}
{{Commonwealth of Nations}}
{{Commonwealth realms}}
{{Authority control}}
{{coord|17|4|N|88|42|W|type:country_region:BZ|display=title}}

[[زمرو:بيليز]]
[[زمرو:ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل قومن جا ڀاتي ملڪ]]
[[زمرو:دولت مشترڪه جون رڪن قومون]]

[[Category:States and territories established in 1981]]
[[Category:Former British colonies]]
[[Category:Former Spanish colonies]]
[[Category:Member states of the Caribbean Community]]
[[Category:Small Island Developing States]]
[[Category:Countries and territories where English is an official language]]
[[Category:Countries and territories where Spanish is an official language]]
[[Category:Yucatán Peninsula]]

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| color                   = white
| size                    = 280
| foot_montage            = Top: Belize National Assembly; Middle: Traditional houses in Belmopan, Independence Plaza; Holy Redeemer Cathedral, Belmopan market
}}
| image_flag = Flag of Belmopan, Belize.svg
| flag_size = 100px
| image_seal = 
| pushpin_map = Belize
| pushpin_mapsize = 300
| pushpin_relief = 1
| map_caption = Location of Belmopan in Belize
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = Belize
| subdivision_type1 = [[Districts of Belize|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Cayo District|Cayo]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Constituencies of Belize|Constituency]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Belmopan (Belize House constituency)|Belmopan]]
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = [[Khalid Belisle]] ([[United Democratic Party (Belize)|UDP]])
| established_title = Foundation
| established_date = 1 August 1970&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.gpcbelize.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Eulogy-to-Rt.-Hon.-George-Price-by-Mr.-John-Waight.pdf |title=Eulogy to Rt. Hon. George Price by Mr. John Waight (information about Belmopan's foundation is in the second page) |access-date=5 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106031533/http://www.gpcbelize.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Eulogy-to-Rt.-Hon.-George-Price-by-Mr.-John-Waight.pdf |archive-date=6 January 2014 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| area_magnitude = 
| area_total_km2 = 32.78
| area_total_sq_mi = 
| area_land_km2 = 
| area_land_sq_mi = 
| area_water_km2 = 
| area_water_sq_mi = 
| area_water_percent = 
| area_urban_km2 = 
| area_urban_sq_mi = 
| area_metro_km2 = 
| area_metro_sq_mi = 
| population_total = 13381
| population_density_km2 = 408
| population_density_sq_mi = 1056
| timezone1 = [[Central Time zone|Central]]
| elevation_m = 76
| elevation_ft = 250
| area_code = 501 +8
| website = 
| footnotes = 
}}
'''بيلموپان''' (Belmopan {{IPAc-en|ˌ|b|ɛ|l|m|oʊ|ˈ|p|ɑː|n}} ) [[بيليز]] جي گاديء جو شهر آهي. سال 2010ع ۾ ان جي آبادي 16,451 هئي.&lt;ref name=&quot;census2010&quot;&gt;{{حوالو ويب|url=http://www.statisticsbelize.org.bz/index.php/statisticsmenu/2012-04-26-21-58-01/2012-04-26-22-38-01?download=130:population-data-census-2010|title=Population Data – Census 2010|publisher=Statistical Institute of Belize|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304151214/http://www.statisticsbelize.org.bz/index.php/statisticsmenu/2012-04-26-21-58-01/2012-04-26-22-38-01?download=130%3Apopulation-data-census-2010|archive-date=4 March 2014|access-date=27 February 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; آبادي جي لحاظ کان براعظم آمريڪا ۾ سڀ کان ننڍڙو گاديءَ وارو شهر هجڻ کان علاوه، بيلموپان بيلیز ۾، بيلیز شھر ۽ سان اگناسيو پٺيان، ٽيون نمبر وڏي آبادي آهي. سال 1970ع ۾ هڪ منصوبابندي ڪيل شهري آبادي/ڪميونٽي جي طور تي قائم ڪيو ويو، بيلموپان دنيا جي نئين قومي گادي واري شهرن مان هڪ آهي. 2000ع کان وٺي، بيلموپان بيلیز ۾ ٻن آبادين مان ھڪڙي آھي، جيڪو بيلیز شھر سان گڏ سرڪاري شھر جي حيثيت رکي ٿو.

بیلموپان ڪایو ضلعي ۾ سمنڊ جي سطح کان {{Convert|76|m|ft|abbr=off}} جي اوچائي تي آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;tvl&quot;&gt;{{حوالو ويب|url=http://www.travel-central-america.net/|title=travel-central-america.net|publisher=travel-central-america.net|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027231059/https://travel-central-america.net/|archive-date=27 October 2020|access-date=29 June 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; بيلموپان صرف بيلیز نديءَ جي اوڀر طرف، 80 ڪلوميٽر (50 میل) اڳوڻي راڄڌاني شهر کان اندرئين پاسي، بيلیز شھر جي بندرگاهن کان پوء، هن شهر جي 1961ع ۾ طوفان هٽي جي تباهي کان پوء تعمير ڪيو ويو.&lt;ref name=&quot;tvl&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{حوالو ويب|url=http://www.islandnet.com/~see/weather/events/threenames.htm|title=Weather Events: The Hurricane with Three Names|website=www.islandnet.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808181655/http://www.islandnet.com/~see/weather/events/threenames.htm|archive-date=8 August 2019|access-date=7 February 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt; حڪومت جا ادارا سال 1970ع ۾ بيلموپان ۾ منتقل ڪيا ویا. &lt;ref name=&quot;bmp&quot;&gt;{{حوالو ويب|url=http://www.belmopanbelize.com/|title=belmopanbelize.com|publisher=belmopanbelize.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100722075459/http://www.belmopanbelize.com/|archive-date=22 July 2010|access-date=29 June 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; ان جي قومي اسيمبلي جي عمارت اڳي ڪولمبين مايا مندر وانگر ٺهيل آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{حوالو ويب|url=http://www.travel-central-america.net/belize/index.html|title=Travel to Central America|date=16 January 2007|publisher=travel-central-america.net|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090311073848/http://www.travel-central-america.net/belize/index.html|archive-date=11 March 2009|access-date=23 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
{{Commons category|Belmopan}}
{{Wikivoyage}}
* [http://www.belmopancityonline.com/belmopan-city-map.aspx Map of Belmopan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131204193102/http://www.belmopancityonline.com/belmopan-city-map.aspx |date=4 December 2013 }}
* [http://www.belmopanonline.com Online Portal of Belmopan]
* [http://www.belmopancitycouncil.org/ Belmopan City Council Official Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203135836/http://www.belmopancitycouncil.org/ |date=2013-12-03 }}

{{Authority control}}
 
[[زمرو:بيلموپان]]
[[زمرو:بيلیز]]
[[زمرو:راڄڌانيون]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا ۾ راڄڌانيون]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا ۾ راڄڌانيون]]
[[زمرو:منصوبه بندي سان ٺاهيل راڄڌانيون]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1970]]

[[زمرو:بندرگاهه شھر]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}</text>
      <sha1>cjqlhc2cuf814si7phb9rsf5wjla8af</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>321460</id>
      <parentid>321445</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-07-03T18:45:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
        <id>17680</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا */</comment>
      <origin>321460</origin>
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      <text bytes="6752" sha1="69mfh2enm91o1zzmocili7yej7am7q1" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name = بيلموپان
| official_name = City of Belmopan
| settlement_type = شھر
| motto = City of Promise
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| photo1a                 = National_Assembly_Building,_Belize.png
| photo2a                 = Green House, Belmopan, Belize.jpg
| photo2b                 = Belmopan - Independence Plaza.jpg
| photo3a                 = HRrubenFromEast fixed.jpg
| photo3b                 = Belmopan_market.jpg
| spacing                 = 2
| position                = center
| color_border            = white
| color                   = white
| size                    = 280
| foot_montage            = Top: Belize National Assembly; Middle: Traditional houses in Belmopan, Independence Plaza; Holy Redeemer Cathedral, Belmopan market
}}
| image_flag = Flag of Belmopan, Belize.svg
| flag_size = 100px
| image_seal = 
| pushpin_map = Belize
| pushpin_mapsize = 300
| pushpin_relief = 1
| map_caption = Location of Belmopan in Belize
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = Belize
| subdivision_type1 = [[Districts of Belize|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Cayo District|Cayo]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Constituencies of Belize|Constituency]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Belmopan (Belize House constituency)|Belmopan]]
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = [[Khalid Belisle]] ([[United Democratic Party (Belize)|UDP]])
| established_title = Foundation
| established_date = 1 August 1970&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.gpcbelize.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Eulogy-to-Rt.-Hon.-George-Price-by-Mr.-John-Waight.pdf |title=Eulogy to Rt. Hon. George Price by Mr. John Waight (information about Belmopan's foundation is in the second page) |access-date=5 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106031533/http://www.gpcbelize.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Eulogy-to-Rt.-Hon.-George-Price-by-Mr.-John-Waight.pdf |archive-date=6 January 2014 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| area_magnitude = 
| area_total_km2 = 32.78
| area_total_sq_mi = 
| area_land_km2 = 
| area_land_sq_mi = 
| area_water_km2 = 
| area_water_sq_mi = 
| area_water_percent = 
| area_urban_km2 = 
| area_urban_sq_mi = 
| area_metro_km2 = 
| area_metro_sq_mi = 
| population_total = 13381
| population_density_km2 = 408
| population_density_sq_mi = 1056
| timezone1 = [[Central Time zone|Central]]
| elevation_m = 76
| elevation_ft = 250
| area_code = 501 +8
| website = 
| footnotes = 
}}
'''بيلموپان''' (Belmopan {{IPAc-en|ˌ|b|ɛ|l|m|oʊ|ˈ|p|ɑː|n}} ) [[بيليز]] جي گاديء جو شهر آهي. سال 2010ع ۾ ان جي آبادي 16,451 هئي.&lt;ref name=&quot;census2010&quot;&gt;{{حوالو ويب|url=http://www.statisticsbelize.org.bz/index.php/statisticsmenu/2012-04-26-21-58-01/2012-04-26-22-38-01?download=130:population-data-census-2010|title=Population Data – Census 2010|publisher=Statistical Institute of Belize|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304151214/http://www.statisticsbelize.org.bz/index.php/statisticsmenu/2012-04-26-21-58-01/2012-04-26-22-38-01?download=130%3Apopulation-data-census-2010|archive-date=4 March 2014|access-date=27 February 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; آبادي جي لحاظ کان براعظم آمريڪا ۾ سڀ کان ننڍڙو گاديءَ وارو شهر هجڻ کان علاوه، بيلموپان بيلیز ۾، بيلیز شھر ۽ سان اگناسيو پٺيان، ٽيون نمبر وڏي آبادي آهي. سال 1970ع ۾ هڪ منصوبابندي ڪيل شهري آبادي/ڪميونٽي جي طور تي قائم ڪيو ويو، بيلموپان دنيا جي نئين قومي گادي واري شهرن مان هڪ آهي. 2000ع کان وٺي، بيلموپان بيلیز ۾ ٻن آبادين مان ھڪڙي آھي، جيڪو بيلیز شھر سان گڏ سرڪاري شھر جي حيثيت رکي ٿو.

بیلموپان ڪایو ضلعي ۾ سمنڊ جي سطح کان {{Convert|76|m|ft|abbr=off}} جي اوچائي تي آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;tvl&quot;&gt;{{حوالو ويب|url=http://www.travel-central-america.net/|title=travel-central-america.net|publisher=travel-central-america.net|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027231059/https://travel-central-america.net/|archive-date=27 October 2020|access-date=29 June 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; بيلموپان صرف بيلیز نديءَ جي اوڀر طرف، 80 ڪلوميٽر (50 میل) اڳوڻي راڄڌاني شهر کان اندرئين پاسي، بيلیز شھر جي بندرگاهن کان پوء، هن شهر جي 1961ع ۾ طوفان هٽي جي تباهي کان پوء تعمير ڪيو ويو.&lt;ref name=&quot;tvl&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{حوالو ويب|url=http://www.islandnet.com/~see/weather/events/threenames.htm|title=Weather Events: The Hurricane with Three Names|website=www.islandnet.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808181655/http://www.islandnet.com/~see/weather/events/threenames.htm|archive-date=8 August 2019|access-date=7 February 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt; حڪومت جا ادارا سال 1970ع ۾ بيلموپان ۾ منتقل ڪيا ویا. &lt;ref name=&quot;bmp&quot;&gt;{{حوالو ويب|url=http://www.belmopanbelize.com/|title=belmopanbelize.com|publisher=belmopanbelize.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100722075459/http://www.belmopanbelize.com/|archive-date=22 July 2010|access-date=29 June 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; ان جي قومي اسيمبلي جي عمارت اڳي ڪولمبين مايا مندر وانگر ٺهيل آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{حوالو ويب|url=http://www.travel-central-america.net/belize/index.html|title=Travel to Central America|date=16 January 2007|publisher=travel-central-america.net|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090311073848/http://www.travel-central-america.net/belize/index.html|archive-date=11 March 2009|access-date=23 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
{{Commons category|Belmopan}}
{{Wikivoyage}}
* [http://www.belmopancityonline.com/belmopan-city-map.aspx Map of Belmopan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131204193102/http://www.belmopancityonline.com/belmopan-city-map.aspx |date=4 December 2013 }}
* [http://www.belmopanonline.com Online Portal of Belmopan]
* [http://www.belmopancitycouncil.org/ Belmopan City Council Official Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203135836/http://www.belmopancitycouncil.org/ |date=2013-12-03 }}

{{Authority control}}
 
[[زمرو:بيلموپان]]
[[زمرو:بيلیز]]
[[زمرو:راڄڌانيون]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا ۾ راڄڌانيون]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا ۾ راڄڌانيون]]
[[زمرو:منصوبه بندي سان ٺاهيل راڄڌانيون]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1970]]

[[زمرو:بندرگاهه وارا شهر]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>321462</id>
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      <timestamp>2025-07-03T18:51:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
        <id>17680</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا */</comment>
      <origin>321462</origin>
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      <text bytes="6705" sha1="bge2r9m57ytuih1l6p314q46w13hrmc" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox settlement
| name = بيلموپان
| official_name = City of Belmopan
| settlement_type = شھر
| motto = City of Promise
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| photo1a                 = National_Assembly_Building,_Belize.png
| photo2a                 = Green House, Belmopan, Belize.jpg
| photo2b                 = Belmopan - Independence Plaza.jpg
| photo3a                 = HRrubenFromEast fixed.jpg
| photo3b                 = Belmopan_market.jpg
| spacing                 = 2
| position                = center
| color_border            = white
| color                   = white
| size                    = 280
| foot_montage            = Top: Belize National Assembly; Middle: Traditional houses in Belmopan, Independence Plaza; Holy Redeemer Cathedral, Belmopan market
}}
| image_flag = Flag of Belmopan, Belize.svg
| flag_size = 100px
| image_seal = 
| pushpin_map = Belize
| pushpin_mapsize = 300
| pushpin_relief = 1
| map_caption = Location of Belmopan in Belize
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = Belize
| subdivision_type1 = [[Districts of Belize|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Cayo District|Cayo]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Constituencies of Belize|Constituency]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Belmopan (Belize House constituency)|Belmopan]]
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = [[Khalid Belisle]] ([[United Democratic Party (Belize)|UDP]])
| established_title = Foundation
| established_date = 1 August 1970&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=http://www.gpcbelize.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Eulogy-to-Rt.-Hon.-George-Price-by-Mr.-John-Waight.pdf |title=Eulogy to Rt. Hon. George Price by Mr. John Waight (information about Belmopan's foundation is in the second page) |access-date=5 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106031533/http://www.gpcbelize.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Eulogy-to-Rt.-Hon.-George-Price-by-Mr.-John-Waight.pdf |archive-date=6 January 2014 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;
| area_magnitude = 
| area_total_km2 = 32.78
| area_total_sq_mi = 
| area_land_km2 = 
| area_land_sq_mi = 
| area_water_km2 = 
| area_water_sq_mi = 
| area_water_percent = 
| area_urban_km2 = 
| area_urban_sq_mi = 
| area_metro_km2 = 
| area_metro_sq_mi = 
| population_total = 13381
| population_density_km2 = 408
| population_density_sq_mi = 1056
| timezone1 = [[Central Time zone|Central]]
| elevation_m = 76
| elevation_ft = 250
| area_code = 501 +8
| website = 
| footnotes = 
}}
'''بيلموپان''' (Belmopan {{IPAc-en|ˌ|b|ɛ|l|m|oʊ|ˈ|p|ɑː|n}} ) [[بيليز]] جي گاديء جو شهر آهي. سال 2010ع ۾ ان جي آبادي 16,451 هئي.&lt;ref name=&quot;census2010&quot;&gt;{{حوالو ويب|url=http://www.statisticsbelize.org.bz/index.php/statisticsmenu/2012-04-26-21-58-01/2012-04-26-22-38-01?download=130:population-data-census-2010|title=Population Data – Census 2010|publisher=Statistical Institute of Belize|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304151214/http://www.statisticsbelize.org.bz/index.php/statisticsmenu/2012-04-26-21-58-01/2012-04-26-22-38-01?download=130%3Apopulation-data-census-2010|archive-date=4 March 2014|access-date=27 February 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; آبادي جي لحاظ کان براعظم آمريڪا ۾ سڀ کان ننڍڙو گاديءَ وارو شهر هجڻ کان علاوه، بيلموپان بيلیز ۾، بيلیز شھر ۽ سان اگناسيو پٺيان، ٽيون نمبر وڏي آبادي آهي. سال 1970ع ۾ هڪ منصوبابندي ڪيل شهري آبادي/ڪميونٽي جي طور تي قائم ڪيو ويو، بيلموپان دنيا جي نئين قومي گادي واري شهرن مان هڪ آهي. 2000ع کان وٺي، بيلموپان بيلیز ۾ ٻن آبادين مان ھڪڙي آھي، جيڪو بيلیز شھر سان گڏ سرڪاري شھر جي حيثيت رکي ٿو.

بیلموپان ڪایو ضلعي ۾ سمنڊ جي سطح کان {{Convert|76|m|ft|abbr=off}} جي اوچائي تي آهي.&lt;ref name=&quot;tvl&quot;&gt;{{حوالو ويب|url=http://www.travel-central-america.net/|title=travel-central-america.net|publisher=travel-central-america.net|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027231059/https://travel-central-america.net/|archive-date=27 October 2020|access-date=29 June 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; بيلموپان صرف بيلیز نديءَ جي اوڀر طرف، 80 ڪلوميٽر (50 میل) اڳوڻي راڄڌاني شهر کان اندرئين پاسي، بيلیز شھر جي بندرگاهن کان پوء، هن شهر جي 1961ع ۾ طوفان هٽي جي تباهي کان پوء تعمير ڪيو ويو.&lt;ref name=&quot;tvl&quot; /&gt; &lt;ref&gt;{{حوالو ويب|url=http://www.islandnet.com/~see/weather/events/threenames.htm|title=Weather Events: The Hurricane with Three Names|website=www.islandnet.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808181655/http://www.islandnet.com/~see/weather/events/threenames.htm|archive-date=8 August 2019|access-date=7 February 2007}}&lt;/ref&gt; حڪومت جا ادارا سال 1970ع ۾ بيلموپان ۾ منتقل ڪيا ویا. &lt;ref name=&quot;bmp&quot;&gt;{{حوالو ويب|url=http://www.belmopanbelize.com/|title=belmopanbelize.com|publisher=belmopanbelize.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100722075459/http://www.belmopanbelize.com/|archive-date=22 July 2010|access-date=29 June 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; ان جي قومي اسيمبلي جي عمارت اڳي ڪولمبين مايا مندر وانگر ٺهيل آهي.&lt;ref&gt;{{حوالو ويب|url=http://www.travel-central-america.net/belize/index.html|title=Travel to Central America|date=16 January 2007|publisher=travel-central-america.net|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090311073848/http://www.travel-central-america.net/belize/index.html|archive-date=11 March 2009|access-date=23 March 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
{{Commons category|Belmopan}}
{{Wikivoyage}}
* [http://www.belmopancityonline.com/belmopan-city-map.aspx Map of Belmopan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131204193102/http://www.belmopancityonline.com/belmopan-city-map.aspx |date=4 December 2013 }}
* [http://www.belmopanonline.com Online Portal of Belmopan]
* [http://www.belmopancitycouncil.org/ Belmopan City Council Official Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203135836/http://www.belmopancitycouncil.org/ |date=2013-12-03 }}

{{Authority control}}
 
[[زمرو:بيلموپان]]
[[زمرو:بيلیز]]
[[زمرو:راڄڌانيون]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا ۾ راڄڌانيون]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا ۾ راڄڌانيون]]
[[زمرو:منصوبه بندي سان ٺاهيل راڄڌانيون]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1970]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}</text>
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    <title>زمرو:حڪومتي تنظيمون بلحاظ قسم</title>
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      <comment>خودڪار: [[زمرو:ادارا بلحاظ قسم]] جو اضافو + ترتيب</comment>
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[[زمرو:ادارا بلحاظ قسم]]
[[زمرو:حڪومتي تنظيمون]]
[[زمرو:زمرا بلحاظ قسم]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ٽيبولا روجيريانا</title>
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      <text bytes="3305" sha1="ina6l744cnhsis3g21knwl8pqhmj80x" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|Medieval map}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Infobox book
| image             = 89v 90r نزهة المشتاق Arabe 2221 BNF.jpg
| author            = [[محمد الادريسي]]
| name              = ٽیبولا روجيريانا&lt;br&gt;نزهة المشتاق في اختراق الآفاق (عربي)&lt;br&gt;Tabula Rogeriana (لاطیني)
| caption           = المغرب الاقصيٰ ۽ المغرب الاوسط (ڏکڻ مٿي) جو نقشو ایم ایس عرب 2221 (MS arabe 2221) ۾، ادريسيءَ جي ٽئبولا روجيريانا (Tabula Rogeriana) جو سڀ کان پراڻي ڄاتل محفوظ نسخو
| media_type        = [[ائٽلس]]
}}
'''نزھت المشتاق فی اختراق الآفاق''' (عربي ٻولي: نزهة المشتاق في اختراق الآفاق، لٽريري معنيٰ: ”دور افق ۾ گھڙڻ جي خواهشمند هڪ شخص جو سير“)، عام طور تي مغرب ۾ ٽيبولا روجيريانا (Tabula Rogeriana؛ ادبي معنيٰ: &quot;راجر جی ڪتاب&quot; لاطيني ۾) هڪ ائٽلس آهي جيڪو نارمن بادشاهه راجر II پاران 1138ع ۾ ڪم ڪيو ويو ۽ عرب جاگرافيدان محمد الادريسي 1154ع ۾ مڪمل ڪيو. ائٽلس ڄاڻايل دنيا جا 70 نقشا گڏ ڪري ٿو، جنهن سان لاڳاپيل هر هڪ مخصوص جڳهه بابت الادريسي طرفان  تفصيل ۽ تبصرا آهن.&lt;ref name=&quot;houben&quot;&gt;Houben, 2002, pp. 102–104.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ahmad&quot;&gt;Ahmad, 1992, pp. 156–161.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Al-Fora |first=Uthman |date=1983 |title=Al-Sharif Al-Idrisi and His Contributions to Geography |url=https://jes.ksu.edu.sa/sites/jes.ksu.edu.sa/files/8_3.pdf |journal=King Saud University, Journal of the College of Education |volume=5 |pages=159–185 |via=King Saud University |access-date=2024-08-14 |archive-date=2023-02-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205030327/https://jes.ksu.edu.sa/sites/jes.ksu.edu.sa/files/8_3.pdf |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Editorial Board of Aljaranda |date=March 2016 |title=Travelers in Tarifa |url=https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=5437125 |journal=Aljaranda |volume=89 |pages=95–98 |via=Dialnet}}&lt;/ref&gt;[[File:6 section of 4 clime left page.png|alt=6th section of the 4th clime in Al-Idrisi's atlas. A map of Armenia in the bottom center, Azerbaijan in the lower left corner, and West Central Iran in upper left and a small portion of the Caspian Sea at the bottom left, with the Zagros Mountains at the bottom. Sixth section of the fourth clime from the oldest extant manuscript of al-Idrisi's Nuzhat al-mushtaq, copied c.1300.|thumb|'''&lt;small&gt;هيٺئين وچ ۾ آرمينيا، هيٺئين کاٻي ڪنڊ ۾ آذربائيجان ۽ اولهه مرڪزي ايران مٿي کاٻي ۾ ۽ هيٺ کاٻي پاسي ڪئسپين سمنڊ جو هڪ ننڍڙو حصو، هيٺان ۾ زگروس جبل سان گڏ ڏيکاريو ويو آهي. 1300ع (تقريبن) ۾ نقل ٿيل الادريسي جي نزهت المشتاق جي قديم ترين نسخي مان چوٿين ڪليم جو ڇهون حصو.&lt;/small&gt;''']]

== حوالا ==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:نقشا]]
[[زمرو:جاگرافي]]</text>
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    <title>محمد حميدالله</title>
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      <text bytes="8895" sha1="gheewa84x8i3c7jd4bktksgsvs3mz8d" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox religious biography|era=جديد دور|image=|caption=&lt;!-- Information --&gt;|name=ڊاڪٽر محمد حميدالله&lt;br&gt;
Dr. Muhammad Hamidullah|native_name={{Nobold|{{lang|ur|محمد حمیداللہ}}}}|birth_date=19 فيبروري، 1908ع|birth_place=[[حيدرآباد، ڀارت|حيدرآباد]]، [[حيدرآباد رياست]] (هاڻي  [[آنڌرا پرديش]]، [[برطانوي هندستان]]|death_date={{death date and age|df=yes|2002|12|17|1908|02|09}}|death_place=جيڪسن ول، [[فلوريڊا]]، [[گڏيل آمريڪي رياستون]]|religion=[[اسلام]]|denomination=[[سني اسلام]]|citizenship=[[رياست حيدرآباد]]|nationality=حيدرآبادي|school=شافعي|alma_mater=* جامعه نظاميه، حيدرآباد ڏکڻ 
* عثمانيه يونيورسٽي، حيدرآباد ڏکڻ
* بون يونيورسٽي، [[جرمني]]
* سوربون يونيورسٽي، [[فرانس]]|main_interests=[[شريعت|اسلامي قانون]]، [[قانون|عالمي قانون]]، [[قرآن|قرآن جي تفسير]] ۽ [[حديث|علم حديث]]|influenced=عصري اسلامي فلسفو|notable_ideas=[[شريعت|اسلامي]] ۽ [[قانون|ٻين الاقوامي قانون]] جو ارتقاء|teacher=* مناظر احسن گيلاني 
* ابو الوفا افغاني&lt;ref name=&quot;khutbaat&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Khutbaat-e-Bahawalpur|chapter=Islami Qanoon Bain al-Mamalik|page=138|first=Muhammad|last=Hamidullah|publisher=Hafzi Book De[pot, [[Deoband]]}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
'''ڊاڪٽر حميدالله''' (19 فيبروري 1908ع - 17 ڊسمبر 2002ع) هڪ هندستاني اسلامي اسڪالر هو. هن اسلامي سائنس، [[اسلام جي تاريخ|تاريخ]] ۽ [[اسلامي ثقافت|ثقافت]] تي درجن ئي ڪتابون ۽ سوين مضمون لکيا.
==ابتدائي زندگي ۽ تعليم== 
حميدالله، حيدرآباد رياست جي گاديءَ واري شهر حيدرآباد ۾ پيدا ٿيو، (هاڻي [[حيدرآباد، ڀارت|حيدرآباد]]، [[تلنگانا]]، [[انڊيا]]) ٽن ڀائرن ۽ پنجن ڀينرن ۾ سڀ کان ننڍو هو. سندس ڏاڏو ۽ پرڏاڏو ٻئي اسلامي عالم هئا، جن قرآن جي تفسيرون لکيا. 

حميدالله جو والد مفتي ابو محمد خليل الله اسلامي فقه جو عالم هو ۽ رياست حيدرآباد جي نظام حڪومت ۾ روينيو جو ڊائريڪٽر هو ۽ حيدرآباد ۾ سود کان پاڪ بئنڪنگ سسٽم قائم ڪرڻ جو علمبردار هو. 

حميدالله مدرسه نظاميه مان مولوي ڪامل جي ڊگري حاصل ڪئي، ان بعد عثمانيه يونيورسٽي مان بين الاقوامي قانون ۾ بي.اي.، ايل.ايل.بي. ۽ ايم.اي. ڪئي. ان کان پوءِ [[جرمني]] ويو ۽ کيس سال 1932ع ۾ بون يونيورسٽيءَ کان ڊي.فل. جي ڊگري حاصل ڪئي. بون يونيورسٽي جي فئڪلٽيءَ ۾ [[عربي ٻولي|عربي]] ۽ [[اردو|اردوءَ]] ۾ ٿوري وقت لاءِ ليڪچرار جي حيثيت سان خدمتون سرانجام ڏيڻ کان پوءِ، هن [[فرانس]] جي سوربون يونيورسٽيءَ ۾ ٻي ڊاڪٽريٽ لاءِ رجسٽر ٿيو. يونيورسٽي طرفان 11 مهينن کان پوء، کيس ڊي.لٽ. جي ڊگري ڏني وئي. هن 1936ع کان 1946ع تائين عثمانيه يونيورسٽي ۾ [[قانون|بين الاقوامي قانون]] جو درس ڏنو.

==ڪيريئر==
سال 1948ع ۾ حميدالله کي [[گڏيل قومن جو عالمي ادارو|گڏيل قومن]] ۾ رياست حيدرآباد جو نمائندو مقرر ڪيو ويو. سال 1948ع ۾ حيدرآباد جي هندستان سان زبردستي الحاق کان پوءِ حميدالله پاڪستان ۽ هندستان ٻين جي شهريت رد ڪري ڇڏي. فرانسيسي حڪومت پاران حيدرآباد جي پناهگير جي حيثيت ۾، [[پيرس]] ۾ جلاوطني ۾ رهندو هو. 

حميدالله 1954ع کان [[فرانس]] جي نيشنل سينٽر فار سائنٽيفڪ ريسرچ ۾ ريسرچ فيلو رهيو، جيستائين سال 1978ع ۾ ريٽائر ڪيائين. ان دوران هن [[ترڪي]] جي يونيورسٽين ۾ باقاعده ليڪچر پڻ ڏنا. 

هو [[حديث]] جي تحقيق، [[قرآن|قرآن مجيد]] جو ڪيترن ئي ٻولين ۾ ترجمو ڪرڻ ۽ [[فرانسيسي ٻولي|فرانسيسي]] ۾ [[محمد|پيغمبر محمد صلي الله عليه وسلم]] جي سوانح عمري لاءِ مشهور آهي. 

حميدالله کي 1985ع ۾ حڪومت پاڪستان طرفان هلال امتياز ايوارڊ مليو، هن ايوارڊ جي انعامي رقم اسلام آباد ۾ [[بين الاقوامي اسلامي يونيورسٽي، اسلام آباد|انٽرنيشنل اسلامڪ يونيورسٽي]] جي اسلامڪ ريسرچ اڪيڊمي کي عطيو ڪئي.

==ادبي ڪم==
ڊاڪٽر حميدالله انگريزي، فرينچ، جرمن، عربي ۽ اردوءَ ۾ 100 کان وڌيڪ ڪتاب تصنيف ڪيا ۽ اسلام جي مختلف پهلوئن ۽ ان سان لاڳاپيل علائقن تي اٽڪل 1000 علمي مقالا ۽ مضمون لکيا، ڊاڪٽر حميدالله جي قابل ذڪر اشاعتن ۾ شامل آهن:
* رياست جو اسلامي ضابطه اخلاق: سيرت جو هڪ جائزو (سيرت) عام تعارف (1941ع، 1953ع) 
* دنيا ۾ پهريون لکيل آئين (1941ع، 1975ع ۽ 1986ع) 
* قانون جي تضاد جو اسلامي تصور (1945ع) 
* اسلام جو تعارف (1957ع کان پوءِ انگريزيءَ کان علاوه ڪيترن ئي ٻولين ۾) 
* محمد بن اسحاق، رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم جو هڪ سوانح نگار (پاڪستان هسٽاريڪل سوسائٽي) (1967ع) 
* محمد رسول الله: اسلام جي باني جي زندگي ۽ ڪم جو هڪ جامع سروي (1979ع) 
* اسلام: هڪ عام تصوير (1980ع) 
* اسلام، فلسفو ۽ سائنس: چار عوامي ليڪچر  يونيسڪو جي پاران جون، 1980ع م آرگنائيزڊ ٿيل. (ايڊيٽر) (1981ع) 
* روزو ڇو؟: اسلام ۾ روزي جو روحاني ۽ عارضي مطالعو (سينٽر ڪلچرل اسلامڪ پيرس سيريز) (1982ع) 
* پيغمبر اسلام جو رياست جو قيام ۽ ان جي جانشيني (1988ع) 
* پيغمبر اسلام: هجرت جو پيغمبر (1989) 
* نبي ڪريم صلي الله عليه وسلم جي جنگن جا ميدان (1992ع) 
* اسلام جو ظهور (1993ع) 
* مختصر ۾ اسلام (1996ع) 
* پيغمبر اسلام جي زندگي ۽ ڪم (1998ع) 
* پيغمبر هڪ رياست قائم ڪيو (1986ع)

==وفات==
سال 1996ع ۾ حميدالله [[آمريڪا]] جي رياست، [[فلوريڊا]] جي شهر، جيڪسن ويل ۾ لڏي ويو. هن 17 ڊسمبر 2002ع تي وفات ڪئي.

==پڻ ڏسو== 
* [[اسلام ۽ سائنس]] 
* [[جديد اسلامي فلسفو]] 
==خارجي لنڪس==
* [[International Islamic University, Islamabad#Dr._Hamidullah_Library|International Islamic University,Islamabad Dr.Hamidullah Library]]
* [https://journal.iainkudus.ac.id/index.php/QIJIS/article/view/3715/2579 Education and research] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240724070402/https://journal.iainkudus.ac.id/index.php/QIJIS/article/view/3715/2579 |date=2024-07-24 }}
* [https://www.jstor.org/stable/20837265 Obituary]
{{authority control}}
{{Shafi'i scholars}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hamidullah, Muhammad}}
[[Category:1908 births]]
[[Category:2002 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:International law scholars]]
[[Category:Philosophers of law]]
[[Category:Recipients of Hilal-i-Imtiaz]]
[[Category:University of Bonn alumni]]
[[Category:University of Paris alumni]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Bonn]]
[[Category:Translators of the Quran into French]]
[[Category:People from Hyderabad State]]
[[Category:Sunni fiqh scholars]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Osmania University]]
[[Category:Osmania University alumni]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian translators]]
[[Category:Pakistani emigrants to France]]
[[Category:Pakistani people of Hyderabadi descent]]
[[Category:Scholars from Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Jamia Nizamia alumni]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:ليکڪ]]
[[زمرو:فلسفي]]
[[زمرو:اسلامي شخصيتون]]
[[زمرو:سڌارو ڪندڙ مسلمان]]
[[زمرو:1908ع جون پيدائشون]]
[[زمرو:2002ع جون فوتگيون]]</text>
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      <text bytes="7836" sha1="gbpvhyl85h3xwd4pdim35gcyn6r6r2r" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox philosopher
| region = [[Western philosophy]]
| era = [[19th-century philosophy]]
| image = Nietzsche187a.jpg
| caption = Nietzsche in Basel, Switzerland, {{circa}} 1875
| birth_name = {{nowrap|Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1844|10|15}}
| birth_place = [[Röcken]], Province of Saxony&lt;!-- DO NOT LINK, see [[MOS:GEOLINK]] for further guidance --&gt;, Prussia&lt;!-- DO NOT LINK, see [[MOS:GEOLINK]] for further guidance --&gt;, German Confederation&lt;!-- DO NOT LINK, see [[MOS:GEOLINK]] for further guidance --&gt;
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1900|08|25|1844|10|15}}
| death_place = [[Weimar]], Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach&lt;!-- DO NOT LINK, see [[MOS:GEOLINK]] for further guidance --&gt;, German Empire&lt;!-- DO NOT LINK, see [[MOS:GEOLINK]] for further guidance --&gt;
| resting_place = Röcken Churchyard
| alma_mater = {{Plainlist}}
* [[University of Bonn]]
* [[Leipzig University]]
{{Endplainlist}}
| institutions = [[University of Basel]]
| school_tradition = {{Plainlist|
* [[Continental philosophy]]
* [[Nietzscheanism]]
| style = padding-bottom: 4px;
}}
{{Collapsible list|title={{nobold|'''Other schools'''}}
| [[Anti-foundationalism]]
| [[Nihilism#Nietzsche|Anti-nihilism / nihilism]] {{small|(disputed){{efn-lr|See, for example: {{bulleted list|&quot;Some interpreters of Nietzsche believe he embraced nihilism, rejected philosophical reasoning, and promoted a literary exploration of the human condition, while not being concerned with gaining truth and knowledge in the traditional sense of those terms. However, other interpreters of Nietzsche say that in attempting to counteract the predicted rise of nihilism, he was engaged in a positive program to reaffirm life, and so he called for a radical, naturalistic rethinking of the nature of human existence, knowledge, and morality.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Friedrich Nietzsche |encyclopedia=[[Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]] |url=https://www.iep.utm.edu/nietzsch/ |last=Wilkerson |first=Dale |issn=2161-0002}}.&lt;/ref&gt;|&quot;Nietzsche's increasing determination, however, in his later writings, to avoid philosophical nihilisms of every variety, leads him to wonder whether it might not be possible to achieve an understanding of what fuels the foregoing dialectic of a sort that would allow one to head in an altogether different philosophical direction.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Conant |first=James F. |author-link=James F. Conant |year=2005 |title=The Dialectic of Perspectivism, I |url=http://philosophy.uchicago.edu/faculty/files/conant/The%20Dialectic%20of%20Perspectivism,%20I%20final%20version.pdf |journal=[[Sats: Nordic Journal of Philosophy]] |publisher=Philosophia Press |volume=6 |pages=5–50 One ought to hold on to one's heart; for if one lets it go, one soon loses control of the head too https://everydayshayari.com/emotional-quotes-to-make-you-stronger/ |number=2 |access-date=2024-12-13 |archive-date=2018-08-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820194003/http://philosophy.uchicago.edu/faculty/files/conant/The%20Dialectic%20of%20Perspectivism,%20I%20final%20version.pdf |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;}}}}}}
| [[Atheism]]
| [[Dionysus#Modern literature and philosophy|Dionysianism]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Brennan |first=Katie |year=2018 |title=The Wisdom of Silenus: Suffering in The Birth of Tragedy |journal=[[Journal of Nietzsche Studies]] |volume=49 |pages=174–193 |doi=10.5325/jnietstud.49.2.0174 |issn=0968-8005 |jstor=10.5325/jnietstud.49.2.0174 |s2cid=171652169 |number=2}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Philosophical pessimism|Dionysian pessimism]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Dienstag |first=Joshua F. |year=2001 |title=Nietzsche's Dionysian Pessimism |journal=[[American Political Science Review]] |volume=95 |issue=4 |pages=923–937 |jstor=3117722}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Existentialism]]
| [[German Romanticism]] {{small|(disputed)&lt;ref name=&quot;Perez2015&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Perez |first=Rolando |year=2015 |title=Nietzsche's Reading of Cervantes' &quot;Cruel&quot; Humor in Don Quijote |url=https://www.ehumanista.ucsb.edu/sites/secure.lsit.ucsb.edu.span.d7_eh/files/sitefiles/ehumanista/volume30/11%20ehum30.perez.pdf |journal=[[EHumanista]] |volume=30 |pages=168–175 |issn=1540-5877}}.&lt;/ref&gt;}}
| [[Immoralism]]&lt;ref&gt;Nietzsche self-describes his philosophy as immoralism, see also: {{Cite journal |last=Laing |first=Bertram M. |year=1915 |title=The Metaphysics of Nietzsche's Immoralism |journal=[[The Philosophical Review]] |volume=24 |pages=386–418 |doi=10.2307/2178746 |jstor=2178746 |number=4}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Metaphysical voluntarism]]
| [[Naturalism (philosophy)|Naturalism]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Schacht |first=Richard |year=2012 |title=Nietzsche's Naturalism |journal=Journal of Nietzsche Studies |publisher=[[Penn State University Press]] |volume=43 |pages=185–212 |doi=10.5325/jnietstud.43.2.0185 |s2cid=169130060 |number=2}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Perspectivism]]
| [[Philosophical realism]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Conway |first=Daniel |title=Nietzsche, Epistemology, and Philosophy of Science |publisher=Springer |year=1999 |isbn=978-90-481-5234-6 |editor-last=Babich |editor-first=Babette E. |editor-link=Babette Babich |series=Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science |volume=204 |location=Dordrecht |pages=109–122 |chapter=Beyond Truth and Appearance: Nietzsche's Emergent Realism |doi=10.1007/978-94-017-2428-9_9}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book |last=Doyle |first=Tsarina |title=Nietzsche on Epistemology and Metaphysics: The World in View |publisher=[[Edinburgh University Press]] |year=2005 |isbn=978-0748628070 |pages=81–103 |chapter=Nietzsche's Emerging Internal Realism |doi=10.3366/edinburgh/9780748628070.003.0003}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| [[Political realism]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite journal |last=Kirkland |first=Paul E. |year=2010 |title=Nietzsche's Tragic Realism |journal=The Review of Politics |volume=72 |pages=55–78 |doi=10.1017/S0034670509990969 |jstor=25655890 |s2cid=154098512 |number=1}}&lt;/ref&gt;
}}
| main_interests = {{cslist
| [[Aesthetics]]
| [[philology]]
| [[ethics]]
| [[metaphysics]]
| [[ontology]]
| [[philosophy of history]]
| [[poetry]]
| [[religion]]
| [[tragedy]]
| [[truth theory]]
| [[value theory]]
| [[metaphilosophy]]
}}
| notable_ideas = {{collapsible list|title={{nothing}}
| {{lang|la|[[Amor fati]]}}
| [[Apollonian and Dionysian]]
| [[Eternal return]]
| [[Fact–value distinction]]
| [[Genealogy (philosophy)|Genealogy]]
| [[God is dead]]
| [[Herd behavior#Human behavior|Herd instinct]]
| [[Last man]]
| [[Master–slave morality]]
| [[Nietzschean affirmation]]
| [[Nihilism]]
| [[Perspectivism]]
| ''[[Ressentiment]]''
| [[Transvaluation of values]]
| {{lang|de|[[Tschandala]]}}
| {{lang|de|[[Übermensch]]}}
| [[Will to power]]
}}
| signature = Friedrich Nietzsche Signature.svg
}}


'''فريڊرڪ''' '''ویلهلم''' '''نٽشي'''؛ (15 آڪٽوبر 1844 – 25 آگسٽ 1900) هڪ جرمن ڪلاسيڪل اسڪالر، فلسفي، ۽ ثقافت جو نقاد هو، جنھن سڀني جديد مفڪرن ۾ هڪ تمام وڏو اثر ڇڏيو&lt;ref&gt;{{حوالو_ويب|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Friedrich-Nietzsche|title=Friedrich Nietzsche {{!}} Biography, Books, &amp; Facts {{!}} Britannica|date=2024-11-22|website=www.britannica.com|language=en|access-date=2024-12-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;. هن جي مطابق، طاقت انساني معاملن ۾ فيصلائتو عنصر آهي. هن سپرمين جي تصور کي وڌايو&lt;ref&gt;{{حوالو_ويب|url=https://books.sindhsalamat.com/book/2122/read/66165|title=سُپر مين نظريئي جي خالق “ نٽشي“ تي ڪتاب - فلسفو، سائنس ۽ ادب (مشتاق جروار)|website=SindhSalamat Kitab Ghar|language=sd|access-date=2024-12-13}}&lt;/ref&gt;.


== حوالا ==
{{حوالا|2}}
[[زمرو:جرمن مرد غير افسانوي ليکڪ]]
[[زمرو:1844ع جون پيدائشون]]
[[زمرو:1900ع جون فوتگيون]]</text>
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    <title>جمالو ناچ</title>
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      <text bytes="7750" sha1="mjil4b15ltxysc38t0v698xeu3juvdk" xml:space="preserve">'''جمالو ناچ''' (Jamalo Dance) [[سنڌ]] جي لوڪ ثقافت ۾ ھڪ روايتي، ثقافتي ۽ لوڪ ناچ آهي&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;{{حوالو_ويب|url=https://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88|title=جمالو : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)|website=www.encyclopediasindhiana.org|language=sd|access-date=2025-03-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;{{حوالو_ويب|url=https://dic.sindhila.edu.pk/index.php?txtsrch=%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88|title=جمالو {{!}} Online Sindhi Dictionaries {{!}} آن لائين سنڌي ڊڪشنريون|website=dic.sindhila.edu.pk|access-date=2025-03-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;{{حوالو_ويب|url=https://dic.sindhila.edu.pk/index.php?txtsrch=%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%20%D8%AC%20%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7|title=جمالو ج جمالا {{!}} Online Sindhi Dictionaries {{!}} آن لائين سنڌي ڊڪشنريون|website=dic.sindhila.edu.pk|access-date=2025-03-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{حوالو_ويب|url=https://books.sindhsalamat.com/book/995/read/53035|title=لوڪ ناچ - ڌرتيءَ جا گيت|date=2025-01-12|website=books.sindhsalamat.com|language=sd|access-date=2025-03-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;، جيڪو سنڌي [[لوڪ گيت]] [[هوجمالو|ھو جمالو]] ڳائڻ مھل نچي ڪڏي ڏيکاريو وڃي ٿو&lt;ref&gt;سنڌي ٻوليءَ جي آن لائن لغت، سنڌي لينگويج اٿارٽي&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;. هي ناچ اڪثر سرھائيءَ جي موقعن تي، جهڙوڪ [[شادي]]، [[مڱڻي]] ۽ ميلن ۾، ڏيکاريو ويندو آهي&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;{{حوالو_ويب|url=https://encyclopediasindhiana.org/article.php?Dflt=%D8%B3%D9%86%DA%8C%20%D8%AC%D8%A7%20%D9%84%D9%88%DA%AA%20%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%86%20%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE%20%DB%BD%20%D9%BE%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1|title=سنڌ جا لوڪ ناچ تاريخ ۽ پسمنظر : (Sindhianaسنڌيانا)|website=www.encyclopediasindhiana.org|language=sd|access-date=2025-03-28}}&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{حوالو_ويب|url=https://books.sindhsalamat.com/book/995/read/53041|title=جمالو - ڌرتيءَ جا گيت|date=2025-01-12|website=books.sindhsalamat.com|language=sd|access-date=2025-03-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://library.sindhila.org/kitab?number=38&amp;view=1261{{مئل ڳنڍڻو|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{حوالو_ويب|url=https://sindhyat.com/database/searchresults/videos/Ho+Jamalo/0|title=Videos on Ho Jamalo - Page: 1|website=sindhyat.com|language=en|access-date=2025-03-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;۽ ان جو نالو هڪ لوڪ گيت &quot; [[هوجمالو|ھو جمالو]]&quot; سان جڙيل آهي&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;، جيڪو سنڌي شاعرن ۽ سنگيتڪارن ۾ وڏي مقبوليت رکي ٿو. &quot;جمالو&quot; نالو پاڻ ۾ هڪ علامتي ۽ رومانوي معنيٰ رکي ٿو، جيڪو [[سنڌي لوڪ ادب]] ۾ پريم ۽ سندرتا جي عڪاسي ڪري ٿو.
[[فائل:Urban Sindhis Dancing Ho Jamalo.jpg|thumb|سنڌي اڪادمي دھليءَ جو سڏايل سٽاءَ ۾ سنڌي ماڻھو، پاڪستاني ڳائڻي مھتاب ڪنور جي ڳايل ھو جمالو گيت تي جمالو ناچ ڪندي ڏيکاريل]]

== تاريخ ۽ پسمنظر ==
&quot;جمالو ناچ&quot; جي ابتدا بابت درست تاريخي دستاويز موجود نه آهن&lt;ref&gt;{{حوالو_ويب|url=https://journal.sindhila.org/sindhi/article-181-critical-review-of-printed-history-book-of-sindhi-literature|title=سنڌي لوڪ ادب جي تاريخ نويسيءَ جو تنقيدي جائزو {{!}} Critical Review of Printed History Book of Sindhi Literature|website=journal.sindhila.org|language=sd|access-date=2025-03-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;، پر ان جا آثار سنڌ جي اوائلي لوڪ روايتن ۾ ملن ٿا، جيڪي موهن جي دڙي جي تهذيب تائين پهچن ٿا. [[انسائيڪلوپيڊيا سنڌيانا|سنڌيانا انسائيڪلوپيڊيا]] پٽاندڙ، لوڪ ناچ سنڌ ۾ انساني خوشيءَ ۽ ڀاونائن جي اظهار جو هڪ آڳاٽو ذريعو رهيا آهن&lt;ref&gt;سنڌيانا انسائيڪلوپيڊيا: سنڌ جا لوڪ ناچ (تاريخ ۽ پسمنظر)&lt;/ref&gt;. &quot;جمالو&quot; نالي سان جڙيل هي ناچ ۽ [[هوجمالو|گيت]]، خاص ڪري سنڌي شاعر [[شيخ اياز]] ۽ [[نياز ھمايوني|نياز همايونيءَ]] جي رچنا ۾ نمايان آهي، جن ان کي جديد انداز ۾ پيش ڪيو&lt;ref&gt;سنڌي لوڪ ادب، نياز همايوني ۽ شيخ اياز جون تخليقون&lt;/ref&gt;. نياز همايونيءَ جي هڪ لوڪ گيت ۾ &quot;جمالو&quot; کي هڪ رومانوي ڪردار طور بيان ڪيو ويو آهي، جيڪو سنڌ جي [[جت|جتن]] (لاڏائو قبيلن) سان لاڳاپو رکي ٿو:&quot;منهنجو جمالو جتن سان، هو جمالو، لڙي آيو لاڙ ڏي!&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{حوالو_ويب|url=https://thetimenews.tv/%DA%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86-%DA%B3%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86-%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86-%DA%AA%DA%87-%DB%BD-%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%8A%D8%B3-%DA%8A%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%BD%D8%A7-%D8%AC%D8%A7-%D8%AC/|title=ڳالهيون ڳنوارن جون ... ڪڇ ۽ انڊس ڊيلٽا جا جت ۽ انهن جو ڪلچر|last=Moderator|first=The Time News|date=2023-09-10|website=The Time News|language=en-US|access-date=2025-03-28}}&lt;/ref&gt;&quot; هي ناچ سنڌ جي [[ٿر]]، [[ڪاڇو|ڪاڇي]] ، [[لاڙ]] وارن علائقن ۾ وڌيڪ مقبول رهيو آهي&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot; /&gt;، جتي ڏيھي ماڻهو ان کي گڏجي پيش ڪندا آهن.

== انداز ۽ خصوصيتون ==
جمالو ناچ ۾ گھڻي ريت مرد ۽ عورتون گڏجي نچندا آهن، پر ڪُجھ روايتن ۾ رُڳو عورتون يا مرد الڳ الڳ به نچندا آهن. ناچ مھل روايتي ساز جهڙوڪ دهل، شھنائي ۽ [[بانسري|بينسري]] وڄايا ويندا آهن، جيڪي گيت کي وڌيڪ وڻندڙ بڻائيندا آهن. ناچ جي وکون سادي پر توانائيءَ سان ڀرپور هوندا آهن، ۽ نمايان چرپر ۾ گول دائري ۾ نغارا هڻڻ ۽ تاڙيون وڄائڻ شامل آهن. ان سان گڏ، نچندڙ رنگين روايتي لباس پائيندا آهن، جيڪي سنڌي سڀيتا جي سونھن کي اجاگر ڪن ٿا.

== ثقافتي اهميت ==
جمالو ناچ رُڳو هڪ وندر نہ، پر اهو سنڌي سماج جي گڏيل روح ۽ خوشيءَ جو عڪس آهي. هي ناچ گھراڻن ۽ برادرين کي گڏ ڪرڻ ۾ اهم ڪردار نڀائي ٿو، ۽ ان جي وسيلي سڪ، يگانگت ۽ روايتي قدرن جو اظهار ٿئي ٿو. سنڌ جي [[لوڪ ادب|لوڪ ساھت]] ۾ &quot;جمالو&quot; کي هڪ عاشقانه ۽ پراسرار شخصيت طور پڻ ڏيکاريو ويو آهي، جيڪو سنڌي شاعريءَ ۾ جذبن جي گھرائي کي وائکو ڪري ٿو.

== مقبول ثقافت ۾ ==
اڄڪلهه، جمالو ناچ کي سنڌ جي ثقافتي سٽاءَ ۽ ميلن ۾ ڏيکاريو وڃي ٿو، ۽ ان کي جديد سنگيت ۽ فلمي ڍنگ ۾ به ڍاليو ويو آهي. سنڌي ميڊيا ۽ [[سنڌي ٻوليءَ جي ٽيليويزن چينلن جي فھرست|ٽي وي چينلز]] تي پڻ ان جي پرفارمنس ڏيکاري وڃي ٿي، جيڪا نئين ٽھيءَ ۾ ان جي مقبوليت کي برقرار رکڻ ۾ سھارو ڏئي رهي آهي.

== حوالا ==
{{حوالا|2}}

[[زمرو:سنڌ جي ثقافت]]
[[زمرو:ناچ]]
[[زمرو:لوڪ ادب]]</text>
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[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]</text>
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      <text bytes="11231" sha1="ep6oou7vke51gglnipllyjgkjnetkek" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Capital of Haiti}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = پورٽ-او-پرنس
| official_name = Pòtoprens (هيٽي ڪروئل)
| other_name = 
| native_name = Port-au-Prince
| settlement_type = [[Capital city|گادي وارو شهر]] ۽ ڪميون
| image_skyline = {{multiple image
| border            = infobox
| perrow            = 1/2/2
| total_width       = 280
| caption_align     = center
| image1            = The National Palace (White House of Haiti), September 2009 1.jpg
| caption1          = نيشنل پئلس 
|image2=MUPANAH 2018 - Roof.jpg
|caption2= اڳواڻن جو عجائب گهر
| image3           = Port-au-Prince Haiti Temple - Pierre.jpg
| caption3          = پورٽ-او-پرنس مندر
| image4            = Equestrian statue of Jean-Jacques Dessalines in Port-au-Prince (close).jpg
| caption4          = جين جاڪ ڊيسالينئ 
| image5            = Cour-de-cassation-haiti-actunews7.jpg
| caption5          = سپريم ڪورٽ جي بلڊنگ 
}}
| image_caption = &quot;L’Hôpital&quot;&lt;br&gt;(مهمان نواز)&lt;br&gt;&quot;Je luis pour tous&quot;&lt;br /&gt;(تابنده، سڀ لاء)
| image_shield = Armes de la Ville de Port-au-Prince.svg
| seal_alt = 
| nickname = 
| motto = 
| pushpin_map = Haiti#North America
| pushpin_map_caption = 
| pushpin_mapsize = 
| pushpin_label_position = &lt;!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --&gt;
| pushpin_relief = yes
| coordinates = {{coord|18|35|39|N|72|18|26|W|region:HT|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = [[ملڪ]]
| subdivision_name = {{flagicon|Haiti}} [[هيٽي]]
| subdivision_type1 = ڊيپارٽمينٽ
| subdivision_name1 = اويست ڊيپارٽمينٽ
| subdivision_type2 = ريجن
| subdivision_name2 = گوناوئ-آزوئي
| subdivision_type3 = ڪائونٽي
| subdivision_name3 = ڪيپيٽالي نيشنل
| leader_title = ميئر
| leader_name = لڪسونئ جئنويئر
| leader_title1 = آبادي (2022ع)
| leader_name1 = 12,00,000
| established_title = نو آبادياتي گادي&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt; (سينٽ ڊومينيڪ) &lt;/small&gt;
| established_date = 1770ع
| established_title2 = پوسٽل ڪوڊ
| established_date2 = HT6110
| established_title3 = ايريا ڪوڊ
| established_date3 = 21
| founder = 
| named_for = 
| area_footnotes = 
| area_total_km2 = 36.04
| area_urban_km2 = 
| elevation_m = 98
| population_footnotes = 
| population_as_of = 2022 est.&lt;ref name=IHSI&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ihsi.ht/pdf/projection/Estimat_PopTotal_18ans_Menag2015.pdf|title=Mars 2015 Population Totale, Population de 18 Ans et Plus Menages et Densites Estimes En 2015|publisher=Institut Haïtien de Statistique et d’Informatique (IHSI)|access-date=19 February 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151106110552/http://www.ihsi.ht/pdf/projection/Estimat_PopTotal_18ans_Menag2015.pdf|archive-date=6 November 2015}}&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_total = 1,200,000
| population_density_km2 = 27,395
| population_density_metro_km2 = 16,523
| population_urban = 2914190&lt;ref&gt;[https://populationstat.com/haiti/port-au-prince]&lt;/ref&gt;
| population_demonym = ''Port-au-Princien(s)'' (masc.), ''Port-au-Princienne(s)'' (fem.) ([[English language|en]]) and ([[French language|fr]])
| timezone = [[Eastern Standard Time|EST]]
| utc_offset = -05:00
| timezone_DST = [[Eastern Daylight Time|EDT]]
| utc_offset_DST = -04:00
| postal_code_type = [[Postal code]]
| postal_code = HT6110
| area_code = 21
| website = {{URL|http://www.portauprince.ht}}
| footnotes = 
| blank_name = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2022)
| blank_info = 0.582&lt;ref name=&quot;GlobalDataLab&quot;&gt;{{cite web
|url= https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/table/shdi/HTI/|title=Sub-national HDI – Subnational HDI – Global Data Lab}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt; {{color|#fc0|medium}} · [[List of departments of Haiti by Human Development Index|1st]]
| subdivision_type4 = ٺهيو
| subdivision_type5 = بنياد رکيو
| subdivision_name4 = 1749ع
| subdivision_name5 = چارلس برنيئر، مارڪس آف لئرنئگ
| subdivision_name6 = Le Prince&quot; Ship
| established_title1 = ھيٽي جي گادي
| established_date1 = 1804ع
| total_type = ڪل
| subdivision_type6 = نالو رکيو ويو
| image_flag = 
| flag_alt = 
| image_seal = 
| image_blank_emblem = 
| blank_emblem_alt = 
}}
{{Sister cities
|boxname=Sister cities

|city1=بيٽن روج، [[لوئزيانا]]، {{flag|United States}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Baton Rouge Morning Advocate (sec. A, p. 12)&quot;&gt;{{cite web|author=Smiley Anders|date=26 July 1978|title=Visiting Haitian Mayor Seeking Builders for Housing Projects|url=http://infoweb.newsbank.com/resources/doc/nb/image/v2%3A138F0D9908AC8D5F%40EANX-13B10DC3AB7B3700%402443716-13B0A6E766C38B70%4011-13B0A6E766C38B70%40?p=AMNEWS&amp;hlterms=%22Visiting+Haitian%22|work=Baton Rouge Morning Advocate (sec. A, p. 12)}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|country1={{flag|United States}}
|city2=چارلٽ، [[اتر ڪيرولينا]]، {{flag|United States}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Baton Rouge Morning Advocate (sec. A, p. 12)&quot;/&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|author=Emily Glaser|date=29 March 2017|title=Getting Down And Dirty With Two Of Charlotte's Freshest Garden Nonprofits|url=http://www.southcharlottelifestylepubs.com/2017/03/29/giving-back-with-gardens/|work=southcharlottelifestylepubs.com|access-date=2018-05-02|archive-date=2019-07-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715192615/http://www.southcharlottelifestylepubs.com/2017/03/29/giving-back-with-gardens/|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;|country2={{flag|United States}}
|city3=[[ميامي]]، [[فلوريڊا]]، {{flag|United States}}&lt;ref name=&quot;sisters&quot;&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.sister-cities.org/interactive-map/Port-au-Prince,%20Haiti|title=Sister City International Listings|publisher=[[Sister Cities International]]|access-date=2 February 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140913015737/http://www.sister-cities.org/interactive-map/Port-au-Prince,%20Haiti|archive-date=2014-09-13|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|country3={{flag|United States}}
|city4=[[مانٽريال]]، [[ڪيوبيڪ]]، {{flag|Canada}}&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://charterforcompassion.org/sites/default/files/CharterSisterCities.pdf |title=International Campaign for Compassionate Cities |access-date=2014-09-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140501141525/http://charterforcompassion.org/sites/default/files/CharterSisterCities.pdf |archive-date=2014-05-01 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|country4={{flag|Canada}}
}}
[[File:Commune of Port-au-Prince, Haiti.jpg|thumb|پورٽ-او-پرنس شهر جي سيٽلائيٽ تصوير (NASA)]]
[[File:Hispaniola Vinckeboons4.jpg|thumb|300px|[[هسپانيولا]] ۽ [[پورٽو ريڪا]] جو نقشو، سال 1639ع]]
'''پورٽ-او-پرنس''' (انگريزي: Port-au-Prince؛ هيٽي فرينچ: Pòtoprens) [[هيٽي]] جو گاديءَ جو هنڌ ۽ سڀ کان وڌيڪ آبادي وارو شهر آهي. 2022ع ۾ شهر جي آبادي جو اندازو &lt;small&gt;'''12,00,000'''&lt;/small&gt; هو. ميٽروپوليٽن علائقي سان گڏ ان جي آبادي جو اندازو &lt;small&gt;'''26,18,894'''&lt;/small&gt; آهي. ميٽروپوليٽن علائقي کي IHSI پاران پورٽ-او-پرنس، ڊيلماس، سائٽي سوليل، ٽيبارئ، ڪيريفور ۽ پيشن وائل جي ڪميونٽيز سميت بيان ڪيو ويو آهي.

پورٽ-او-پرنس شهر گوناوي جي نار تي آهي. اها نار جنهن تي شهر واقع آهي، هڪ قدرتي بندرگاهه طور ٽائنو جي تهذيبن کان وٺي معاشي سرگرمي کي برقرار رکيو آهي. اهو پهريون ڀيرو 1749ع ۾ فرانسيسي نوآبادياتي حڪمراني هيٺ آيو. شهر جو لي آئوٽ هڪ ايمفي ٿيٽر وانگر آهي. تجارتي ضلعا پاڻي جي ويجها آهن، جڏهن ته رهائشي پاڙا مٿي ٽڪرين تي واقع آهن. شهر جي مٿان ٽڪرين ۾ ڪچي آبادين جي تيز واڌ جي ڪري ان جي آبادي جو اندازو لڳائڻ ڏکيو آهي. جڏهن ته، تازي اندازي مطابق ميٽروپوليٽن علائقي جي آبادي لڳ ڀڳ 37 لک آهي (ملڪ جي قومي آبادي جو لڳ ڀڳ ٽيون حصو).&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.urbanres.net/docs/ToR-cityWidePlanning-Haiti_final.pdf|title=Urbanres.net|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401063101/http://www.urbanres.net/docs/ToR-cityWidePlanning-Haiti_final.pdf|archive-date=2017-04-01|access-date=2014-01-01|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;     شهر 2010ع ۾ هڪ وڏي زلزلي کان تباهي سان متاثر ٿيو ۽ وڏي تعداد ۾ اڏاوتون خراب يا تباهه ٿي ويون هيون.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.startribune.com/world/81268677.html] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100115070416/http://www.startribune.com/world/81268677.html|date=15 January 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; هيٽي جي حڪومت موت جو انگ 2,30,000 ٻڌايو.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=9790622|title=Haiti Raises Earthquake's Death Toll to 230,000|date=2010-02-09|access-date=2010-02-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100215155131/http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=9790622|archive-date=2010-02-15|agency=Associated Press|url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; گينگ تشدد وسيع آهي ۽ اغوا، قتل عام ۽ اجتماعي زيادتي عام واقعا آهن (اڪثر ڪري پوليس آفيسرن ۽ سياستدانن جي شراڪت سان).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-63707429.amp &quot;Haiti: Inside the capital city taken hostage by brutal gangs&quot;] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205094500/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-63707429.amp|date=2022-12-05}}, by Orla Guerin, ''The Independent'', 5 December 2022 (retrieved same date).&lt;/ref&gt;

==نالو==
==تاريخ==
==جاگرافي== 
==حڪومت==
==معيشت==
==ٽرانسپورٽ==
==آباديات==
==صحت==
==ثقافت==
==تعليم==
==پڻ ڏسو==

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
{{Commons}}
*
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120327161612/http://www.rubenscardia.com.br/360graus/jornalismo/haiti/haiti.html Tour Virtual of Port au Prince – Brazilian Site]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070127003637/http://portauprince.usembassy.gov/ Port-au-Prince  U.S Embassy]
* [https://news.televizyonlakay.com/category/media/radio/ Live Radios from Haiti]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100203021635/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1953379_1953494_1958231,00.html?xid=rss-world-huffpo &quot;Scientists: Why Haiti Should Move Its Capital&quot;]. ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Port-au-Prince}}
[[زمرو:هيٽي]]
[[زمرو:راڄڌانيون]]
[[زمرو:پورٽ-او-پرنس]]
[[زمرو:بندرگاهه وارا شهر]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا ۾ راڄڌانيون]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا ۾ راڄڌانيون]]
[[زمرو:هيٽي ۾ آباد ساحلي هنڌ]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا جا بندرگاهه شھر]]
[[Category:Capitals in the Caribbean]]
[[Category:Port cities in the Caribbean]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}</text>
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* صفحن جي ظاھريت جي تبديلي ۽ طریقيڪار جي لاءِ ڏسو '''[[خاص:ترجيحات|ترجيحون]]'''.

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ھتي توھانجو [[خاص:Mypage|'''مخصوص واپرائيندڙ صفحو بہ ھوندو''']] جتي توھان [[:زمرو:يوزر سانچا|پنھنجو تعارف لکي سگھو ٿا]]، ۽ توهانجي [[خاص:Mytalk|واپرائيندڙ بحث]] تي ٻيا رڪنَ توھان سان رابطو ڪري سگھن ٿا ۽ توھان ڏي پيغام موڪلي سگھن ٿا.
* '''ڪنھن ٻئي رڪن کي پيغام موڪلڻ وقت ھنن امرن جو خاص خيال رکو''':
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** '''پيغام جي آخر ۾ پنهنجي صحيح ضرور وجھو، ان جي لاءِ هي علامت درج ڪريو'''--&amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126;''' يا ھن ([[عڪس:Insert-signature.png|link=]]) بٽڻ تي ٽڙڪ ڪريو'''.
** '''[[Wikipedia:اصول بحث|اظھار بحث جي آدابن]] جو خصوصي خيال رکو'''.

&lt;Font - size=3&gt; '''تعاون''' &lt;/Font - size&gt;

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{| bgcolor=&quot;#ADDFAD&quot; align=center style=&quot;width:100% !important; -moz-border-radius: 1em;-webkit-border-radius:1em;border-radius:1em; border-top:2px dashed #3eb2c9;border-bottom:2px dashed #3eb2c9;padding: 5px 20px 25px;&quot;
|&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:MB Lateefi;float:left&quot;&gt;'''[[Wikipedia:سفارتخانو|سفارتخانو]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;tabber horizTabBox&quot; style=&quot;width: 100% !important;&quot;&gt;
[[عڪس:Wikipedia laurier wp.png|left|200px]]
&lt;center&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''بزمِ سنڌي وڪيپيڊيا ۾ ڀلي ڪري آيا''' ''{{PAGENAME}}'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/center&gt;''

'''السلام عليڪم! اسان اميد ڪريون ٿا تہ توھان سنڌي وڪيپيڊيا جي لاء بھترين اضافو ثابت ٿيندئو'''.&lt;br&gt;
* وڪيپيڊيا ھڪ کليل ڄاڻ چيڪلو آھي جنھن کي اسان سڀ ملي ڪري لکندا ۽ سنواريندا آھيون. وڪيپيڊيا منصوبي جي شروعات جنوري 2001ع ۾ ٿي، جڏھن تہ سنڌي وڪيپيڊيا فيبروري 2006ع  ۾  عمل آئي. في الحال ھن وڪيپيڊيا ۾ '''{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}''' [[Special:Allpages|مضمون]] موجود آھن.&lt;br /&gt;
* ھن چيڪلي (انسائيڪلوپيڊيا) ۾ توھان مضمون نويسي، سنوار ۽ تصحيح کان پھريان ھيٺين صفحن تي ضرور نظر وجھو.'''
* صفحن جي ظاھريت جي تبديلي ۽ طریقيڪار جي لاءِ ڏسو '''[[خاص:ترجيحات|ترجيحون]]'''.

&lt;Font - size=4&gt; '''اصول ۽ قاعدا''' &lt;/Font - size&gt;

&lt;Font - size=3&gt;  '''توھان جو واپرائيندڙ ۽ بحث صفحو''' &lt;/Font - size&gt;&lt;br&gt;
ھتي توھانجو [[خاص:Mypage|'''مخصوص واپرائيندڙ صفحو بہ ھوندو''']] جتي توھان [[:زمرو:يوزر سانچا|پنھنجو تعارف لکي سگھو ٿا]]، ۽ توهانجي [[خاص:Mytalk|واپرائيندڙ بحث]] تي ٻيا رڪنَ توھان سان رابطو ڪري سگھن ٿا ۽ توھان ڏي پيغام موڪلي سگھن ٿا.
* '''ڪنھن ٻئي رڪن کي پيغام موڪلڻ وقت ھنن امرن جو خاص خيال رکو''':
** '''جيڪڏھن ضرورت هجي تہ پيغام کي عنوان ضرور ڏيو'''.
** '''پيغام جي آخر ۾ پنهنجي صحيح ضرور وجھو، ان جي لاءِ هي علامت درج ڪريو'''--&amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126;''' يا ھن ([[عڪس:Insert-signature.png|link=]]) بٽڻ تي ٽڙڪ ڪريو'''.
** '''[[Wikipedia:اصول بحث|اظھار بحث جي آدابن]] جو خصوصي خيال رکو'''.

&lt;Font - size=3&gt; '''تعاون''' &lt;/Font - size&gt;

* '''وڪيپيڊيا جي ڪنھن بہ صفحي جي سڄي پاسي ڳوليو جو خانو نظر ايندو آھي. جنھن موضوع تي مضمون ٺاھڻ چاھيو تہ ڳوليو جي خاني ۾ لکو، ۽ ڳوليو تي ٽڙڪ ڪريو'''.
&lt;inputbox&gt;type=search&lt;/inputbox&gt;
* '''توھان جي موضوع سان ملندڙ جلندڙ صفحا نظر ايندا. اھو اطمينان ڪرڻ کان پوء تہ توھان جي گهربل موضوع تي پھريان کان مضمون موجود ناھي، توھان نئون صفحو ٺاھي سگھو ٿا  واضع هجي تہ ھڪ موضوع تي ھڪ کان وڌيڪ مضمون ٺاھڻ جي اجازت ناھي. توھان ھيٺ ڏنل خانو بہ استعمال ڪري سگھو ٿا'''.
&lt;inputbox&gt;type=create&lt;/inputbox&gt;
*  '''لکڻ کان پهرئين ھن ڳالھ جو يقين ڪريو تہ جنھن عنوان تي توھان لکي رھيا آھيو ان تي يا ان سان ملندڙ عنوانن تي وڪي ۾ ڪوئي مضمون نہ ھجي. ان جي لاء توھان ڳوليو جي خاني ۾ عنوان ۽ ان جا هم معنيٰ لفظ (اهڙا لفظ جن جي معني هڪ هجي) لکي ڳولا ڪريو'''.&lt;/center&gt;
|} -- توھان جي مدد جي لاء ھر وقت حاضر، اوهان جو خادم --[[واپرائيندڙ:KaleemBot|KaleemBot]] ([[واپرائيندڙ بحث:KaleemBot|ڳالھ]]) 17:51, 3 جُولاءِ 2025 ( يو.ٽي.سي)</text>
      <sha1>kw6alm5lygoo3dydr7l3mhbllqa6q5d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>سرڳ واسي ٻارڙا</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>83290</id>
    <revision>
      <id>321454</id>
      <timestamp>2025-07-03T17:55:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>154.81.248.140</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>نئون پيج سرجيو</comment>
      <origin>321454</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1166" sha1="81e40h4hs88fdfzwfzica4vp9iffwon" xml:space="preserve">سُرڳُ واسي ٻارڙا&quot; (فارسي: بچه‌های آسمان, انگريزي Children of Heaven) 1997ع جي هڪ ايراني فيملي ڊراما فلم آهي جيڪا جڳ مشھور ايراني فلمساز ”ماجد مجيديءَ“ پاران لکي ۽ هدايت ڪئي وئي. هي ڪهاڻي هڪ ڀاءُ ۽ ڀيڻُ جو پيڇو ڪري ٿي ۽ انهن جي جوتن جي گم ٿيل جوڙيءَ جي سفر بابت آهي. فلم کي هاڪاري موٽ ملي، ۽ 1998ع ۾ سُٺي ۾ سُٺي پرڏيھي ٻولي جي فلم لاءِ اڪيڊمي ايوارڊ لاءِ چونڊي وئي. ڀاءُ ڀيڻ علي ۽ زهرا, زهره جي جوتن جي جوڙيءَ جي گم ٿيڻ کي لڪائڻ لاءِ هڪ پيچيده انتظام ڪن ٿا. پر جڏهن اهو ڪرڻ ڏکيو ٿي ويندو اٿن، ته علي نوان جوتا کٽڻ جي ڊوڙ ۾ حصو وٺڻ جو فيصلو ڪري ٿو. 

فلم ڏَسي ٿي ته هن دنيا ۾ دَيا يا رحمدليءَ جي ڪا به کوٽ ڪانھي, پر هڪ ماڻھوءَ کي ٻئي ماڻھوءَ جي پيڙاوَ ۽ نظرئي کي سمجھڻ گھرجي.</text>
      <sha1>81e40h4hs88fdfzwfzica4vp9iffwon</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>زمرو:بيليز</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>83291</id>
    <revision>
      <id>321457</id>
      <timestamp>2025-07-03T18:40:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
        <id>17680</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>نئون صفحو: [[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]</comment>
      <origin>321457</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="42" sha1="fw1ncfw3k2qpovr536cgw83prt306gz" xml:space="preserve">[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا جا ملڪ]]</text>
      <sha1>fw1ncfw3k2qpovr536cgw83prt306gz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>زمرو:منصوبه بندي سان ٺاهيل راڄڌانيون</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>83292</id>
    <revision>
      <id>321458</id>
      <timestamp>2025-07-03T18:42:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
        <id>17680</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>نئون صفحو: [[زمرو:راڄڌانيون]]</comment>
      <origin>321458</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="31" sha1="3zjvb7ojs1jxb936qm7wdoi9p2akjl2" xml:space="preserve">[[زمرو:راڄڌانيون]]</text>
      <sha1>3zjvb7ojs1jxb936qm7wdoi9p2akjl2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>زمرو:نيويارڪ رياست</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>83293</id>
    <revision>
      <id>321470</id>
      <timestamp>2025-07-03T19:19:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
        <id>17680</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>نئون صفحو: [[زمرو:گڏيل آمريڪي رياستن جون رياستون]]</comment>
      <origin>321470</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="69" sha1="08i5nu59atsjyq5ynlnqwp93cm450cg" xml:space="preserve">[[زمرو:گڏيل آمريڪي رياستن جون رياستون]]</text>
      <sha1>08i5nu59atsjyq5ynlnqwp93cm450cg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>زمرو:نيويارڪ شهر</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>83294</id>
    <revision>
      <id>321472</id>
      <timestamp>2025-07-03T19:24:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
        <id>17680</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>نئون صفحو: [[زمرو:نيو يارڪ]]</comment>
      <origin>321472</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="28" sha1="ja8yewaiqwrmcth33jpgim0snpbqda0" xml:space="preserve">[[زمرو:نيو يارڪ]]</text>
      <sha1>ja8yewaiqwrmcth33jpgim0snpbqda0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>زمرو:نيويارڪ رياست جا شھر</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>83295</id>
    <revision>
      <id>321473</id>
      <timestamp>2025-07-03T19:27:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
        <id>17680</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>نئون صفحو: [[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن جا شهر]]</comment>
      <origin>321473</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="46" sha1="qvfyt6dal5p2srvlhacl63cyj98g98j" xml:space="preserve">[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن جا شهر]]</text>
      <sha1>qvfyt6dal5p2srvlhacl63cyj98g98j</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>321474</id>
      <parentid>321473</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-07-03T19:29:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
        <id>17680</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>321474</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="75" sha1="fqcfze32p1w2ahy2ve2nq4d2gakakn9" xml:space="preserve">[[زمرو:نيو يارڪ]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن جا شهر]]</text>
      <sha1>fqcfze32p1w2ahy2ve2nq4d2gakakn9</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>زمرو:گڏيل رياستن ۾ وڏا شهر</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>83296</id>
    <revision>
      <id>321476</id>
      <timestamp>2025-07-03T19:32:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
        <id>17680</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>نئون صفحو: [[زمرو:وڏا شهر]] [[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن جا شهر]]</comment>
      <origin>321476</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="73" sha1="s11hbmdidy4nw04tmqj6556tkp975o8" xml:space="preserve">[[زمرو:وڏا شهر]]
[[زمرو:گڏيل رياستن جا شهر]]</text>
      <sha1>s11hbmdidy4nw04tmqj6556tkp975o8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>زمرو:نيٽو جا ميمبر ملڪ</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>83297</id>
    <revision>
      <id>321493</id>
      <timestamp>2025-07-03T21:18:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
        <id>17680</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>نئون صفحو: [[زمرو:نيٽو]] [[زمرو:تنظيمون]] [[زمرو:فوجي اتحاد]]</comment>
      <origin>321493</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" sha1="cyy8v9lqhau9lgyakwbtb2lsm5if9k0" xml:space="preserve">[[زمرو:نيٽو]]
[[زمرو:تنظيمون]]
[[زمرو:فوجي اتحاد]]</text>
      <sha1>cyy8v9lqhau9lgyakwbtb2lsm5if9k0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>321494</id>
      <parentid>321493</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-07-03T21:19:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
        <id>17680</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>321494</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="41" sha1="nn6p4ihr0w8hw1pg02299d4klcimgoj" xml:space="preserve">[[زمرو:نيٽو]]
[[زمرو:ملڪ]]</text>
      <sha1>nn6p4ihr0w8hw1pg02299d4klcimgoj</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>زمرو:نيٽو</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>83298</id>
    <revision>
      <id>321495</id>
      <timestamp>2025-07-03T21:20:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
        <id>17680</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>نئون صفحو: [[زمرو:جنگ]] [[زمرو:تنظيمون]] [[زمرو:فوجي اتحاد]]</comment>
      <origin>321495</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="80" sha1="67xv9xjkkvhlnakdan058f4uboi3bot" xml:space="preserve">[[زمرو:جنگ]]
[[زمرو:تنظيمون]]
[[زمرو:فوجي اتحاد]]</text>
      <sha1>67xv9xjkkvhlnakdan058f4uboi3bot</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>زمرو:فوجي اتحاد</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>83299</id>
    <revision>
      <id>321496</id>
      <timestamp>2025-07-03T21:24:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
        <id>17680</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>نئون صفحو: [[زمرو:فوج]] [[زمرو:جنگ]] [[زمرو:تنظيمون]]</comment>
      <origin>321496</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="67" sha1="ceyuh4qxh9nu60e2cg4yu4py07wylz0" xml:space="preserve">[[زمرو:فوج]]
[[زمرو:جنگ]]
[[زمرو:تنظيمون]]</text>
      <sha1>ceyuh4qxh9nu60e2cg4yu4py07wylz0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>واپرائيندڙ بحث:Matteo mzzrbb</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>83300</id>
    <revision>
      <id>321500</id>
      <timestamp>2025-07-03T22:18:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>KaleemBot</username>
        <id>10779</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>ڀليڪار!</comment>
      <origin>321500</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4355" sha1="nfu6hp8t4o27ny8kftxshk3bhsmk5jq" xml:space="preserve">
{{سانچو:سماجي ڳنڍڻن تي سنڌي وڪيپيڊيا}}
&lt;div style=&quot;padding:5px;font-size:medium&quot;&gt;&lt;center style=&quot;word-spacing:1ex&quot;&gt;[[Wikipedia:سفارتخانو|سفارتخاني جي صفحي تي پنھنجون سفارشون ڏيو]] &lt;/center&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{| bgcolor=&quot;#ADDFAD&quot; align=center style=&quot;width:100% !important; -moz-border-radius: 1em;-webkit-border-radius:1em;border-radius:1em; border-top:2px dashed #3eb2c9;border-bottom:2px dashed #3eb2c9;padding: 5px 20px 25px;&quot;
|&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:MB Lateefi;float:left&quot;&gt;'''[[Wikipedia:سفارتخانو|سفارتخانو]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;tabber horizTabBox&quot; style=&quot;width: 100% !important;&quot;&gt;
[[عڪس:Wikipedia laurier wp.png|left|200px]]
&lt;center&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''بزمِ سنڌي وڪيپيڊيا ۾ ڀلي ڪري آيا''' ''{{PAGENAME}}'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/center&gt;''

'''السلام عليڪم! اسان اميد ڪريون ٿا تہ توھان سنڌي وڪيپيڊيا جي لاء بھترين اضافو ثابت ٿيندئو'''.&lt;br&gt;
* وڪيپيڊيا ھڪ کليل ڄاڻ چيڪلو آھي جنھن کي اسان سڀ ملي ڪري لکندا ۽ سنواريندا آھيون. وڪيپيڊيا منصوبي جي شروعات جنوري 2001ع ۾ ٿي، جڏھن تہ سنڌي وڪيپيڊيا فيبروري 2006ع  ۾  عمل آئي. في الحال ھن وڪيپيڊيا ۾ '''{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}''' [[Special:Allpages|مضمون]] موجود آھن.&lt;br /&gt;
* ھن چيڪلي (انسائيڪلوپيڊيا) ۾ توھان مضمون نويسي، سنوار ۽ تصحيح کان پھريان ھيٺين صفحن تي ضرور نظر وجھو.'''
* صفحن جي ظاھريت جي تبديلي ۽ طریقيڪار جي لاءِ ڏسو '''[[خاص:ترجيحات|ترجيحون]]'''.

&lt;Font - size=4&gt; '''اصول ۽ قاعدا''' &lt;/Font - size&gt;

&lt;Font - size=3&gt;  '''توھان جو واپرائيندڙ ۽ بحث صفحو''' &lt;/Font - size&gt;&lt;br&gt;
ھتي توھانجو [[خاص:Mypage|'''مخصوص واپرائيندڙ صفحو بہ ھوندو''']] جتي توھان [[:زمرو:يوزر سانچا|پنھنجو تعارف لکي سگھو ٿا]]، ۽ توهانجي [[خاص:Mytalk|واپرائيندڙ بحث]] تي ٻيا رڪنَ توھان سان رابطو ڪري سگھن ٿا ۽ توھان ڏي پيغام موڪلي سگھن ٿا.
* '''ڪنھن ٻئي رڪن کي پيغام موڪلڻ وقت ھنن امرن جو خاص خيال رکو''':
** '''جيڪڏھن ضرورت هجي تہ پيغام کي عنوان ضرور ڏيو'''.
** '''پيغام جي آخر ۾ پنهنجي صحيح ضرور وجھو، ان جي لاءِ هي علامت درج ڪريو'''--&amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126;''' يا ھن ([[عڪس:Insert-signature.png|link=]]) بٽڻ تي ٽڙڪ ڪريو'''.
** '''[[Wikipedia:اصول بحث|اظھار بحث جي آدابن]] جو خصوصي خيال رکو'''.

&lt;Font - size=3&gt; '''تعاون''' &lt;/Font - size&gt;

* '''وڪيپيڊيا جي ڪنھن بہ صفحي جي سڄي پاسي ڳوليو جو خانو نظر ايندو آھي. جنھن موضوع تي مضمون ٺاھڻ چاھيو تہ ڳوليو جي خاني ۾ لکو، ۽ ڳوليو تي ٽڙڪ ڪريو'''.
&lt;inputbox&gt;type=search&lt;/inputbox&gt;
* '''توھان جي موضوع سان ملندڙ جلندڙ صفحا نظر ايندا. اھو اطمينان ڪرڻ کان پوء تہ توھان جي گهربل موضوع تي پھريان کان مضمون موجود ناھي، توھان نئون صفحو ٺاھي سگھو ٿا  واضع هجي تہ ھڪ موضوع تي ھڪ کان وڌيڪ مضمون ٺاھڻ جي اجازت ناھي. توھان ھيٺ ڏنل خانو بہ استعمال ڪري سگھو ٿا'''.
&lt;inputbox&gt;type=create&lt;/inputbox&gt;
*  '''لکڻ کان پهرئين ھن ڳالھ جو يقين ڪريو تہ جنھن عنوان تي توھان لکي رھيا آھيو ان تي يا ان سان ملندڙ عنوانن تي وڪي ۾ ڪوئي مضمون نہ ھجي. ان جي لاء توھان ڳوليو جي خاني ۾ عنوان ۽ ان جا هم معنيٰ لفظ (اهڙا لفظ جن جي معني هڪ هجي) لکي ڳولا ڪريو'''.&lt;/center&gt;
|} -- توھان جي مدد جي لاء ھر وقت حاضر، اوهان جو خادم --[[واپرائيندڙ:KaleemBot|KaleemBot]] ([[واپرائيندڙ بحث:KaleemBot|ڳالھ]]) 22:18, 3 جُولاءِ 2025 ( يو.ٽي.سي)</text>
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    <title>ڪريئول ٻوليون</title>
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      <comment>صفحي &quot;[[:ar:Special:Redirect/revision/70760204|لغة مولدة]]&quot; جي شروعاتي ڀاڱي جو ترجمو ڪندي سرجيو ويو</comment>
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      <text bytes="541" sha1="kxow2fv74x6y0s9cmkx7u7ol5uv5ckl" xml:space="preserve">'''ڪريئول''' '''ٻولي (Creole Language)''' &lt;ref&gt;{{ڪتابن مان حوالا|title=معجم مصطلحات علم اللغة الحديث|work=بيروت|publisher=مكتبة لبنان|page=84}}&lt;/ref&gt;  اهري ٻولي جيڪا ٻين ٻولين جي ملڻ سان ٺهي ٿي، پوء [[قدرتي ٻولي|هڪ قدرتي ٻولي]] بڻجي ويندي آهي. انهن مان سڀ کان وڌيڪ مشهور هيٽي ڪريول آهي، جيڪا هيٽي ۽ ٻين ڪئريبين ملڪن ۾ ڳالهائي ويندي آهي.</text>
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      <text bytes="673" sha1="lfdk1ikjh14mv01ro4gkkrl5u2dl8uv" xml:space="preserve">'''ڪريئول ٻولي''' (Creole Language)، &lt;ref&gt;{{ڪتابن مان حوالا|title=معجم مصطلحات علم اللغة الحديث|work=بيروت|publisher=مكتبة لبنان|page=84}}&lt;/ref&gt; اھڙي ٻولي جيڪا ٻين ٻولين جي ملڻ سان ٺهي ٿي، پوء [[قدرتي ٻولي|هڪ قدرتي ٻولي]] بڻجي ويندي آهي. انهن مان سڀ کان وڌيڪ مشهور هيٽي ڪريول آهي، جيڪا هيٽي ۽ ٻين ڪئريبين ملڪن ۾ ڳالهائي ويندي آهي.
==تفصيل==
==پڻ ڏسو==
==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:ٻولي]]
[[زمرو:ٻوليون]]
[[زمرو:لسانيات]]</text>
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        <id>17680</id>
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      <comment>/* ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا */</comment>
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      <text bytes="2253" sha1="l6bkk12lqrpjj7bze6jkz8se65gid6e" xml:space="preserve">'''ڪريئول ٻولي''' (Creole Language)، &lt;ref&gt;{{ڪتابن مان حوالا|title=معجم مصطلحات علم اللغة الحديث|work=بيروت|publisher=مكتبة لبنان|page=84}}&lt;/ref&gt; اھڙي ٻولي جيڪا ٻين ٻولين جي ملڻ سان ٺهي ٿي، پوء [[قدرتي ٻولي|هڪ قدرتي ٻولي]] بڻجي ويندي آهي. انهن مان سڀ کان وڌيڪ مشهور هيٽي ڪريول آهي، جيڪا هيٽي ۽ ٻين ڪئريبين ملڪن ۾ ڳالهائي ويندي آهي.
==تفصيل==
==پڻ ڏسو==
==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
{{Commons category|Creole languages}}
* [https://kreolmagazine.com/ International Magazine Kreol]
* [http://www.acblpe.com/en Association of Portuguese and Spanish Lexically-based Creoles]
* [http://www.hawaii.edu/satocenter/langnet/index.html Language Varieties]
* {{Answers.com|creoles}}
* [http://www.odlt.org/ballast/creole.html Creole definition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924003940/http://odlt.org/ballast/creole.html |date=2019-09-24 }} at the Online Dictionary of Language Terminology (ODLT)
* [http://www.louisianacreoledictionary.com/ Louisiana Creole Dictionary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929115406/http://www.louisianacreoledictionary.com/ |date=2019-09-29 }}
* [https://sites.google.com/site/societypidgncreolelinguistics/home Society for Pidgin &amp; Creole Linguistics] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011105330/https://sites.google.com/site/societypidgncreolelinguistics/home |date=2020-10-11 }}
* [https://apics-online.info/ Atlas of Pidgin and Creole Language Structures (APiCS)]

===فرينچ ۾===
* [http://creoles.free.fr/ Groupe Européen de Recherches en Langues Créoles]
* {{WorldCat|id=lccn-n80009567/|name=Groupe d'études et de recherches en espace créolophone}}
* [https://abecsnet.wordpress.com/ Associação Brasileira de Estudos Crioulos e Similares]
* [http://www.scl-online.net/ Society for Caribbean Linguistics]

{{Creoles, pidgins and mixed languages}}
{{Authority control}}

[[زمرو:ٻولي]]
[[زمرو:ٻوليون]]
[[زمرو:لسانيات]]
[[Category:Pidgins and creoles| ]]
[[Category:Linguistics terminology]]
==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}</text>
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      <text bytes="2334" sha1="sm0o3jlpni1kbl17n5i6g2qek892xez" xml:space="preserve">'''ڪريئول ٻولي''' (Creole Language)، &lt;ref&gt;{{ڪتابن مان حوالا|title=معجم مصطلحات علم اللغة الحديث|work=بيروت|publisher=مكتبة لبنان|page=84}}&lt;/ref&gt; اھڙي ٻولي جيڪا ٻين ٻولين جي ملڻ سان ٺهي ٿي، پوء [[قدرتي ٻولي|هڪ قدرتي ٻولي]] بڻجي ويندي آهي. انهن مان سڀ کان وڌيڪ مشهور هيٽي ڪريول آهي، جيڪا هيٽي ۽ ٻين ڪئريبين ملڪن ۾ ڳالهائي ويندي آهي.
==تفصيل==
==پڻ ڏسو==
==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
{{Commons category|Creole languages}}
* [https://kreolmagazine.com/ International Magazine Kreol]
* [http://www.acblpe.com/en Association of Portuguese and Spanish Lexically-based Creoles]
* [http://www.hawaii.edu/satocenter/langnet/index.html Language Varieties]
* {{Answers.com|creoles}}
* [http://www.odlt.org/ballast/creole.html Creole definition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924003940/http://odlt.org/ballast/creole.html |date=2019-09-24 }} at the Online Dictionary of Language Terminology (ODLT)
* [http://www.louisianacreoledictionary.com/ Louisiana Creole Dictionary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929115406/http://www.louisianacreoledictionary.com/ |date=2019-09-29 }}
* [https://sites.google.com/site/societypidgncreolelinguistics/home Society for Pidgin &amp; Creole Linguistics] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011105330/https://sites.google.com/site/societypidgncreolelinguistics/home |date=2020-10-11 }}
* [https://apics-online.info/ Atlas of Pidgin and Creole Language Structures (APiCS)]

===فرينچ ۾===
* [http://creoles.free.fr/ Groupe Européen de Recherches en Langues Créoles]
* {{WorldCat|id=lccn-n80009567/|name=Groupe d'études et de recherches en espace créolophone}}
* [https://abecsnet.wordpress.com/ Associação Brasileira de Estudos Crioulos e Similares]
* [http://www.scl-online.net/ Society for Caribbean Linguistics]

{{Creoles, pidgins and mixed languages}}
{{Authority control}}

[[زمرو:ٻوليون]]
[[زمرو:لسانيات]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪي ٻوليون]]
[[زمرو:آفريڪي ٻوليون]]
[[زمرو:لسانياتي اصطلاحون]]
[[زمرو:پجن ۽ ڪريئول بوليون]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}</text>
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      <text bytes="2363" sha1="18o3b1epcvtqt9qxpoitsas40ayu3g4" xml:space="preserve">'''ڪريئول ٻوليون''' (Creole Language)، &lt;ref&gt;{{ڪتابن مان حوالا|title=معجم مصطلحات علم اللغة الحديث|work=بيروت|publisher=مكتبة لبنان|page=84}}&lt;/ref&gt; اھڙي ٻوليون جيڪا ٻين ٻولين جي ملڻ سان ٺهڻ ٿيون ۽ پوء [[قدرتي ٻولي|هڪ قدرتي ٻولي]] بڻجي وينديون آهن. انهن مان سڀ کان وڌيڪ مشهور هيٽي جي ڪريئول آهي، جيڪا [[هيٽي]] ۽ ٻين ڪئريبين ملڪن ۾ ڳالهائي ويندي آهي.

==تفصيل==
==پڻ ڏسو==
==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
{{Commons category|Creole languages}}
* [https://kreolmagazine.com/ International Magazine Kreol]
* [http://www.acblpe.com/en Association of Portuguese and Spanish Lexically-based Creoles]
* [http://www.hawaii.edu/satocenter/langnet/index.html Language Varieties]
* {{Answers.com|creoles}}
* [http://www.odlt.org/ballast/creole.html Creole definition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190924003940/http://odlt.org/ballast/creole.html |date=2019-09-24 }} at the Online Dictionary of Language Terminology (ODLT)
* [http://www.louisianacreoledictionary.com/ Louisiana Creole Dictionary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929115406/http://www.louisianacreoledictionary.com/ |date=2019-09-29 }}
* [https://sites.google.com/site/societypidgncreolelinguistics/home Society for Pidgin &amp; Creole Linguistics] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011105330/https://sites.google.com/site/societypidgncreolelinguistics/home |date=2020-10-11 }}
* [https://apics-online.info/ Atlas of Pidgin and Creole Language Structures (APiCS)]

===فرينچ ۾===
* [http://creoles.free.fr/ Groupe Européen de Recherches en Langues Créoles]
* {{WorldCat|id=lccn-n80009567/|name=Groupe d'études et de recherches en espace créolophone}}
* [https://abecsnet.wordpress.com/ Associação Brasileira de Estudos Crioulos e Similares]
* [http://www.scl-online.net/ Society for Caribbean Linguistics]

{{Creoles, pidgins and mixed languages}}
{{Authority control}}

[[زمرو:ٻوليون]]
[[زمرو:لسانيات]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪي ٻوليون]]
[[زمرو:آفريڪي ٻوليون]]
[[زمرو:لسانياتي اصطلاحون]]
[[زمرو:پجن ۽ ڪريئول بوليون]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}</text>
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    <title>ڪيريبيئن علائقو</title>
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      <comment>صفحي &quot;[[:fa:Special:Redirect/revision/40806695|کارائیب]]&quot; جي شروعاتي ڀاڱي جو ترجمو ڪندي سرجيو ويو</comment>
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      <text bytes="283" sha1="1pwvgz8mi8hx0rl9zqwdpoe410brrbz" xml:space="preserve">'''ڪيريبيئن علاقو''' (Caribbean) جنهن کي '''اينٽيلس''' علائقو پڻ سڏيو ويندو آهي، [[آمريڪا کنڊ|آمريڪي براعظم]] ۾ هڪ علائقي جو نالو آهي جنهن کي ٻيٽ (Islands) پڻ سڏيو ويندو آهي.</text>
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      <text bytes="6573" sha1="0f050qolmpkwdc2y4ejcs8g8d7k4rlu" xml:space="preserve">'''ڪيريبيئن علاقو''' (Caribbean) جنهن کي '''اينٽيلس''' علائقو پڻ سڏيو ويندو آهي، [[آمريڪا کنڊ|آمريڪي براعظم]] ۾ هڪ علائقي جو نالو آهي جنهن کي ٻيٽ (Islands) پڻ سڏيو ويندو آهي.
==ڪئربيئن==
{{Short description|Islands and coastal region surrounded by the Caribbean Sea}}
{{About|the group of islands|the body of water surrounding them|Caribbean Sea|the Indigenous inhabitants of the Caribbean or people of Caribbean descent|Caribbean people|other uses}}
{{Infobox continent
|title          = Caribbean
|image          = CIA map Central America &amp; Caribbean.png
|image_size     = 290
|image_caption        = Map of the Caribbean region of the [[Americas]]
|area           = {{convert|239,681|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|population     = {{UN_Population|Caribbean}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
|density        = {{convert|151.5|/km2|abbr=on}}
|GDP_nominal    = 
|GDP_per_capita = 
|ethnic_groups  = [[Afro-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Latin Americans|Latin-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Indo-Caribbean|Indo-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[White Caribbean people|White-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Multiracial#Latin America and the Caribbean|Mixed-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Asian Caribbean people|Asian-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Indigenous peoples of the Caribbean|Indigenous]]
|religions = {{ublist|item_style=white-space:nowrap;
|{{Tree list}}
* 73.5% [[Christianity]]
** 52.3% [[Catholic Church|Catholicism]]
** 20.2% [[Protestantism]]
** 1.0% other [[Christians|Christian]]
{{Tree list/end}}
|20.6% [[Irreligion|no religion]]
|2.5% [[folk religion]]s
|2.1% [[Hinduism]]
|1.3% others&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|url=https://brill.com/view/journals/jrd/9/1-2/article-p91_2.xml|title=Religions by Continent|journal=Journal of Religion and Demography|last1=Johnson|first1=Todd M.|last2=Crossing|first2=Peter F.|volume=9|date=14 October 2022|issue=1–2|pages=91–110|doi=10.1163/2589742x-bja10013|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|demonym        = [[Caribbean people|Caribbean]], [[West Indian]]
|countries      = {{Collapsible list 
 | title = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the West Indies#Sovereign states|15]]
 | {{Flag|Cuba}} 
 | {{Flag|Haiti}} 
 | {{Flag|Jamaica}} 
 | {{Flag|Dominican Republic}} 
 | {{Flag|Trinidad and Tobago}} 
 | {{Flag|Guyana}} 
 | {{Flag|Suriname}} 
 | {{Flag|Barbados}}
 | {{Flag|Bahamas}} 
 | {{Flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}
 | {{Flag|Grenada}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Lucia}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}} 
 | {{Flag|Dominica}} 
}}
|dependencies   = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the Caribbean#Dependent territories|see below]]
|languages      = {{Plainlist|
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Caribbean Spanish|Spanish]]
* [[French language|French]]
* [[Dutch language|Dutch]]
* [[French-based creole languages|French Creoles]]
* [[English-based creole languages|English Creoles]]
* [[Dutch-based creole languages|Dutch Creoles]]
* [[Spanish-based creole languages|Spanish Creoles]]
* [[Papiamento]]
* [[Caribbean Hindustani]]
* [[Indigenous languages of the Americas|Indigenous languages]]}}
|time           = [[UTC−05:00]] to [[UTC−04:00]]
|internet       = [[List of Internet top-level domains|Multiple]]
|calling_code   = [[List of country calling codes|Multiple]]
|cities         = {{Collapsible list | title = [[List of metropolitan areas in the West Indies|Largest Cities ]]|[[Santo Domingo|Santo Domingo]]|[[Port-au-Prince]]|[[Port of Spain]]|[[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]]|[[Havana]]|[[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]]|[[Santiago de los Caballeros]]|[[Santiago de Cuba]]|[[Willemstad]]|[[Oranjestad, Aruba|Oranjestad]]|[[Punta Cana]]|[[Cap-Haïtien]]|[[Nassau, Bahamas|Nassau]]|[[Paramaribo]]|[[Chetumal]]|[[Spanish Town]]|[[Porlamar]]|[[Cayenne]]|[[Georgetown, Guyana|Georgetown]]|[[Bridgetown]]|[[San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago|San Fernando]]|[[Belize City]]}}
|m49            = &lt;code&gt;029&lt;/code&gt; – Caribbean&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – [[World]]
}}

The '''Caribbean''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|k|ær|ɪ|ˈ|b|iː|ən|,_|k|ə|ˈ|r|ɪ|b|i|ən}} {{respell|KARR|ih|BEE|ən|,_|kə|RIB|ee|ən}}, {{IPAc-en|local|ˈ|k|ær|ɪ|b|i|æ|n}} {{respell|KARR|ih|bee|an}};&lt;ref name=dce/&gt; {{langx|es|el Caribe}}; {{langx|fr|les Caraïbes}}; {{langx|nl|de Caraïben}}) is a region in the middle of the [[Americas]] centered around the [[Caribbean Sea]] in the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic Ocean]], mostly overlapping with the [[West Indies]]. Bordered by [[North America]] to the north, [[Central America]] to the west, and [[South America]] to the south, it comprises numerous [[List of Caribbean islands|islands]], cays, islets, reefs, and banks. It includes the [[Lucayan Archipelago]], [[Greater Antilles]], and [[Lesser Antilles]] of the [[West Indies]]; the [[Quintana Roo]] [[Municipalities of Quintana Roo#Municipalities|islands]] and [[Districts of Belize#List|Belizean]] [[List of islands of Belize|islands]] of the [[Yucatán Peninsula]]; and the [[Bay Islands Department#Islands|Bay Islands]], [[Miskito Cays]], [[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina|Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia, and Santa Catalina]], [[Corn Islands]], and [[San Blas Islands]] of Central America. It also includes the coastal areas on the [[Mainland|continental mainland]] of the Americas bordering the region from the Yucatán Peninsula in North America through Central America to the [[The Guianas|Guianas]] in South America.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|pages= 483–528|title= A Population History of North America|publisher = Cambridge University Press|date= 2000|isbn =978-0-521-49666-7|last=Engerman|first=Stanley L.|editor-last=Haines|editor-first=Michael R.|chapter=A Population History of the Caribbean|oclc=41118518|editor-last2=Steckel|editor-first2=Richard Hall}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Understanding the contemporary Caribbean|last=|first=|publisher=Lynne Rienner|year=2003|isbn=978-1588266637|editor-last=Hillman|editor-first=Richard S.|location=London, UK|pages=|oclc=300280211|editor-last2=D'Agostino|editor-first2=Thomas J.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

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==پڻ ڏسو==
==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]</text>
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      <text bytes="6341" sha1="r8249m8ga9xpztdxi6byz7s23lbog3f" xml:space="preserve">'''ڪيريبيئن علاقو''' (Caribbean) جنهن کي '''اينٽيلس''' علائقو پڻ سڏيو ويندو آهي، [[آمريڪا کنڊ|آمريڪي براعظم]] ۾ هڪ علائقي جو نالو آهي جنهن کي ٻيٽ (Islands) پڻ سڏيو ويندو آهي.
==ڪئربيئن==
{{Short description|Islands and coastal region surrounded by the Caribbean Sea}}
{{About|the group of islands|the body of water surrounding them|Caribbean Sea|the Indigenous inhabitants of the Caribbean or people of Caribbean descent|Caribbean people|other uses}}
{{Infobox continent
|title        = Caribbean
|image          = CIA map Central America &amp; Caribbean.png
|image_size     = 290
|image_caption        = Map of the Caribbean region of the [[Americas]]
|area           = {{convert|239,681|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|population     = {{UN_Population|Caribbean}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
|density        = {{convert|151.5|/km2|abbr=on}}
|GDP_nominal    = 
|GDP_per_capita = 
|ethnic_groups  = [[Afro-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Latin Americans|Latin-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Indo-Caribbean|Indo-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[White Caribbean people|White-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Multiracial#Latin America and the Caribbean|Mixed-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Asian Caribbean people|Asian-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Indigenous peoples of the Caribbean|Indigenous]]
|religions = {{ublist|item_style=white-space:nowrap;
|{{Tree list}}
* 73.5% [[Christianity]]
** 52.3% [[Catholic Church|Catholicism]]
** 20.2% [[Protestantism]]
** 1.0% other [[Christians|Christian]]
{{Tree list/end}}
|20.6% [[Irreligion|no religion]]
|2.5% [[folk religion]]s
|2.1% [[Hinduism]]
|1.3% others&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|url=https://brill.com/view/journals/jrd/9/1-2/article-p91_2.xml|title=Religions by Continent|journal=Journal of Religion and Demography|last1=Johnson|first1=Todd M.|last2=Crossing|first2=Peter F.|volume=9|date=14 October 2022|issue=1–2|pages=91–110|doi=10.1163/2589742x-bja10013|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|demonym        = [[Caribbean people|Caribbean]], [[West Indian]]
|countries      = {{Collapsible list 
 | title = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the West Indies#Sovereign states|15]]
 | {{Flag|Cuba}} 
 | {{Flag|Haiti}} 
 | {{Flag|Jamaica}} 
 | {{Flag|Dominican Republic}} 
 | {{Flag|Trinidad and Tobago}} 
 | {{Flag|Guyana}} 
 | {{Flag|Suriname}} 
 | {{Flag|Barbados}}
 | {{Flag|Bahamas}} 
 | {{Flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}
 | {{Flag|Grenada}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Lucia}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}} 
 | {{Flag|Dominica}} 
}}
|dependencies   = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the Caribbean#Dependent territories|see below]]
|languages      = {{Plainlist|
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Caribbean Spanish|Spanish]]
* [[French language|French]]
* [[Dutch language|Dutch]]
* [[French-based creole languages|French Creoles]]
* [[English-based creole languages|English Creoles]]
* [[Dutch-based creole languages|Dutch Creoles]]
* [[Spanish-based creole languages|Spanish Creoles]]
* [[Papiamento]]
* [[Caribbean Hindustani]]
* [[Indigenous languages of the Americas|Indigenous languages]]}}
|time           = [[UTC−05:00]] to [[UTC−04:00]]
|internet       = [[List of Internet top-level domains|Multiple]]
|calling_code   = [[List of country calling codes|Multiple]]
|cities         = {{Collapsible list | title = [[List of metropolitan areas in the West Indies|Largest Cities ]]|[[Santo Domingo|Santo Domingo]]|[[Port-au-Prince]]|[[Port of Spain]]|[[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]]|[[Havana]]|[[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]]|[[Santiago de los Caballeros]]|[[Santiago de Cuba]]|[[Willemstad]]|[[Oranjestad, Aruba|Oranjestad]]|[[Punta Cana]]|[[Cap-Haïtien]]|[[Nassau, Bahamas|Nassau]]|[[Paramaribo]]|[[Chetumal]]|[[Spanish Town]]|[[Porlamar]]|[[Cayenne]]|[[Georgetown, Guyana|Georgetown]]|[[Bridgetown]]|[[San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago|San Fernando]]|[[Belize City]]}}
|m49            = &lt;code&gt;029&lt;/code&gt; – Caribbean&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – [[World]]
}}

The '''Caribbean''' (Spanish: Caribe; French: le Caraïbes) is a region in the middle of the [[Americas]] centered around the [[Caribbean Sea]] in the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic Ocean]], mostly overlapping with the [[West Indies]]. Bordered by [[North America]] to the north, [[Central America]] to the west, and [[South America]] to the south, it comprises numerous [[List of Caribbean islands|islands]], cays, islets, reefs, and banks. It includes the [[Lucayan Archipelago]], [[Greater Antilles]], and [[Lesser Antilles]] of the [[West Indies]]; the [[Quintana Roo]] [[Municipalities of Quintana Roo#Municipalities|islands]] and [[Districts of Belize#List|Belizean]] [[List of islands of Belize|islands]] of the [[Yucatán Peninsula]]; and the [[Bay Islands Department#Islands|Bay Islands]], [[Miskito Cays]], [[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina|Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia, and Santa Catalina]], [[Corn Islands]], and [[San Blas Islands]] of Central America. It also includes the coastal areas on the [[Mainland|continental mainland]] of the Americas bordering the region from the Yucatán Peninsula in North America through Central America to the [[The Guianas|Guianas]] in South America.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|pages= 483–528|title= A Population History of North America|publisher = Cambridge University Press|date= 2000|isbn =978-0-521-49666-7|last=Engerman|first=Stanley L.|editor-last=Haines|editor-first=Michael R.|chapter=A Population History of the Caribbean|oclc=41118518|editor-last2=Steckel|editor-first2=Richard Hall}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Understanding the contemporary Caribbean|last=|first=|publisher=Lynne Rienner|year=2003|isbn=978-1588266637|editor-last=Hillman|editor-first=Richard S.|location=London, UK|pages=|oclc=300280211|editor-last2=D'Agostino|editor-first2=Thomas J.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

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==پڻ ڏسو==
==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]</text>
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      <text bytes="7568" sha1="rgaxmjr1hu9kgi0bmti1ab9l4uft5u2" xml:space="preserve">'''ڪيريبيئن علاقو''' (Caribbean) جنهن کي '''اينٽيلس''' علائقو پڻ سڏيو ويندو آهي، [[آمريڪا کنڊ|آمريڪي براعظم]] ۾ هڪ علائقي جو نالو آهي جنهن کي ٻيٽ (Islands) پڻ سڏيو ويندو آهي. ڪيريبين (اسپيني: Caribe؛ فرانسيسي: le Caraïbes) آمريڪا جي وچ ۾ هڪ علائقو آهي جيڪو اتر ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ ۾ ڪيريبين سمنڊ جي چوڌاري مرڪز آهي، گهڻو ڪري ويسٽ انڊيز سان اوورليپنگ ڪري ٿو. اتر ۾ اتر آمريڪا، اولهه ۾ مرڪزي آمريڪا، ۽ ڏکڻ ۾ ڏکڻ آمريڪا سان سرحد تي، ان ۾ ڪيترائي ٻيٽ، ڪي، ٻيٽ، ريف ۽ ڪنارا شامل آهن. ان ۾ ويسٽ انڊيز جا لوڪيان آرڪيپيلاگو، گريٽر اينٽيلس، ۽ ليزر اينٽيلس شامل آهن؛ يوڪاتان جزيره نما جا ڪوئنٽانا رو ٻيٽ ۽ بيليز ٻيٽ؛ ۽ بي ٻيٽ، مسڪيٽو ڪيز، سين اينڊريس جو آرڪيپيلاگو، پروويڊنسيا، ۽ سانتا ڪيٽيلينا، ڪارن ٻيٽ، ۽ وچ آمريڪا جا سان بلاس ٻيٽ. ان ۾ آمريڪا جي براعظمي سرزمين تي ساحلي علائقا پڻ شامل آهن جيڪي اتر آمريڪا ۾ يوڪاتان جزيره نما کان وٺي وچ آمريڪا ۾ گيانا تائين علائقي سان ڳنڍيل آهن.

==ڪئربيئن==
{{Short description|Islands and coastal region surrounded by the Caribbean Sea}}
{{About|the group of islands|the body of water surrounding them|Caribbean Sea|the Indigenous inhabitants of the Caribbean or people of Caribbean descent|Caribbean people|other uses}}
{{Infobox continent
|title        = Caribbean
|image          = CIA map Central America &amp; Caribbean.png
|image_size     = 290
|image_caption        = Map of the Caribbean region of the [[Americas]]
|area           = {{convert|239,681|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|population     = {{UN_Population|Caribbean}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
|density        = {{convert|151.5|/km2|abbr=on}}
|GDP_nominal    = 
|GDP_per_capita = 
|ethnic_groups  = [[Afro-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Latin Americans|Latin-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Indo-Caribbean|Indo-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[White Caribbean people|White-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Multiracial#Latin America and the Caribbean|Mixed-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Asian Caribbean people|Asian-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Indigenous peoples of the Caribbean|Indigenous]]
|religions = {{ublist|item_style=white-space:nowrap;
|{{Tree list}}
* 73.5% [[Christianity]]
** 52.3% [[Catholic Church|Catholicism]]
** 20.2% [[Protestantism]]
** 1.0% other [[Christians|Christian]]
{{Tree list/end}}
|20.6% [[Irreligion|no religion]]
|2.5% [[folk religion]]s
|2.1% [[Hinduism]]
|1.3% others&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|url=https://brill.com/view/journals/jrd/9/1-2/article-p91_2.xml|title=Religions by Continent|journal=Journal of Religion and Demography|last1=Johnson|first1=Todd M.|last2=Crossing|first2=Peter F.|volume=9|date=14 October 2022|issue=1–2|pages=91–110|doi=10.1163/2589742x-bja10013|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|demonym        = [[Caribbean people|Caribbean]], [[West Indian]]
|countries      = {{Collapsible list 
 | title = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the West Indies#Sovereign states|15]]
 | {{Flag|Cuba}} 
 | {{Flag|Haiti}} 
 | {{Flag|Jamaica}} 
 | {{Flag|Dominican Republic}} 
 | {{Flag|Trinidad and Tobago}} 
 | {{Flag|Guyana}} 
 | {{Flag|Suriname}} 
 | {{Flag|Barbados}}
 | {{Flag|Bahamas}} 
 | {{Flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}
 | {{Flag|Grenada}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Lucia}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}} 
 | {{Flag|Dominica}} 
}}
|dependencies   = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the Caribbean#Dependent territories|see below]]
|languages      = {{Plainlist|
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Caribbean Spanish|Spanish]]
* [[French language|French]]
* [[Dutch language|Dutch]]
* [[French-based creole languages|French Creoles]]
* [[English-based creole languages|English Creoles]]
* [[Dutch-based creole languages|Dutch Creoles]]
* [[Spanish-based creole languages|Spanish Creoles]]
* [[Papiamento]]
* [[Caribbean Hindustani]]
* [[Indigenous languages of the Americas|Indigenous languages]]}}
|time           = [[UTC−05:00]] to [[UTC−04:00]]
|internet       = [[List of Internet top-level domains|Multiple]]
|calling_code   = [[List of country calling codes|Multiple]]
|cities         = {{Collapsible list | title = [[List of metropolitan areas in the West Indies|Largest Cities ]]|[[Santo Domingo|Santo Domingo]]|[[Port-au-Prince]]|[[Port of Spain]]|[[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]]|[[Havana]]|[[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]]|[[Santiago de los Caballeros]]|[[Santiago de Cuba]]|[[Willemstad]]|[[Oranjestad, Aruba|Oranjestad]]|[[Punta Cana]]|[[Cap-Haïtien]]|[[Nassau, Bahamas|Nassau]]|[[Paramaribo]]|[[Chetumal]]|[[Spanish Town]]|[[Porlamar]]|[[Cayenne]]|[[Georgetown, Guyana|Georgetown]]|[[Bridgetown]]|[[San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago|San Fernando]]|[[Belize City]]}}
|m49            = &lt;code&gt;029&lt;/code&gt; – Caribbean&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – [[World]]
}}

The '''Caribbean''' (Spanish: Caribe; French: le Caraïbes) is a region in the middle of the [[Americas]] centered around the [[Caribbean Sea]] in the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic Ocean]], mostly overlapping with the [[West Indies]]. Bordered by [[North America]] to the north, [[Central America]] to the west, and [[South America]] to the south, it comprises numerous [[List of Caribbean islands|islands]], cays, islets, reefs, and banks. It includes the [[Lucayan Archipelago]], [[Greater Antilles]], and [[Lesser Antilles]] of the [[West Indies]]; the [[Quintana Roo]] [[Municipalities of Quintana Roo#Municipalities|islands]] and [[Districts of Belize#List|Belizean]] [[List of islands of Belize|islands]] of the [[Yucatán Peninsula]]; and the [[Bay Islands Department#Islands|Bay Islands]], [[Miskito Cays]], [[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina|Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia, and Santa Catalina]], [[Corn Islands]], and [[San Blas Islands]] of Central America. It also includes the coastal areas on the [[Mainland|continental mainland]] of the Americas bordering the region from the Yucatán Peninsula in North America through Central America to the [[The Guianas|Guianas]] in South America.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|pages= 483–528|title= A Population History of North America|publisher = Cambridge University Press|date= 2000|isbn =978-0-521-49666-7|last=Engerman|first=Stanley L.|editor-last=Haines|editor-first=Michael R.|chapter=A Population History of the Caribbean|oclc=41118518|editor-last2=Steckel|editor-first2=Richard Hall}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Understanding the contemporary Caribbean|last=|first=|publisher=Lynne Rienner|year=2003|isbn=978-1588266637|editor-last=Hillman|editor-first=Richard S.|location=London, UK|pages=|oclc=300280211|editor-last2=D'Agostino|editor-first2=Thomas J.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

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==پڻ ڏسو==
==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]</text>
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      <text bytes="8839" sha1="tuq972fjv03gf295f7xl5z6gfffubww" xml:space="preserve">'''ڪيريبيئن علاقو''' (Caribbean) جنهن کي '''اينٽيلس''' علائقو پڻ سڏيو ويندو آهي، [[آمريڪا کنڊ|آمريڪي براعظم]] ۾ هڪ علائقي جو نالو آهي جنهن کي ٻيٽ (Islands) پڻ سڏيو ويندو آهي. ڪيريبين (اسپيني: Caribe؛ فرانسيسي: le Caraïbes) آمريڪا جي وچ ۾ هڪ علائقو آهي جيڪو اتر ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ ۾ ڪيريبين سمنڊ جي چوڌاري مرڪز آهي، گهڻو ڪري ويسٽ انڊيز سان اوورليپنگ ڪري ٿو. اتر ۾ اتر آمريڪا، اولهه ۾ مرڪزي آمريڪا، ۽ ڏکڻ ۾ ڏکڻ آمريڪا سان سرحد تي، ان ۾ ڪيترائي ٻيٽ، ڪي، ٻيٽ، ريف ۽ ڪنارا شامل آهن. ان ۾ ويسٽ انڊيز جا لوڪيان آرڪيپيلاگو، گريٽر اينٽيلس، ۽ ليزر اينٽيلس شامل آهن؛ يوڪاتان جزيره نما جا ڪوئنٽانا رو ٻيٽ ۽ بيليز ٻيٽ؛ ۽ بي ٻيٽ، مسڪيٽو ڪيز، سين اينڊريس جو آرڪيپيلاگو، پروويڊنسيا، ۽ سانتا ڪيٽيلينا، ڪارن ٻيٽ، ۽ وچ آمريڪا جا سان بلاس ٻيٽ. ان ۾ آمريڪا جي براعظمي سرزمين تي ساحلي علائقا پڻ شامل آهن جيڪي اتر آمريڪا ۾ يوڪاتان جزيره نما کان وٺي وچ آمريڪا ۾ گيانا تائين علائقي سان ڳنڍيل آهن.

==ڪئربيئن==
{{Short description|Islands and coastal region surrounded by the Caribbean Sea}}
{{About|the group of islands|the body of water surrounding them|Caribbean Sea|the Indigenous inhabitants of the Caribbean or people of Caribbean descent|Caribbean people|other uses}}
{{Infobox continent
|title        = Caribbean
|image          = CIA map Central America &amp; Caribbean.png
|image_size     = 290
|image_caption        = Map of the Caribbean region of the [[Americas]]
|area           = {{convert|239,681|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|population     = {{UN_Population|Caribbean}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
|density        = {{convert|151.5|/km2|abbr=on}}
|GDP_nominal    = 
|GDP_per_capita = 
|ethnic_groups  = [[Afro-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Latin Americans|Latin-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Indo-Caribbean|Indo-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[White Caribbean people|White-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Multiracial#Latin America and the Caribbean|Mixed-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Asian Caribbean people|Asian-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Indigenous peoples of the Caribbean|Indigenous]]
|religions = {{ublist|item_style=white-space:nowrap;
|{{Tree list}}
* 73.5% [[Christianity]]
** 52.3% [[Catholic Church|Catholicism]]
** 20.2% [[Protestantism]]
** 1.0% other [[Christians|Christian]]
{{Tree list/end}}
|20.6% [[Irreligion|no religion]]
|2.5% [[folk religion]]s
|2.1% [[Hinduism]]
|1.3% others&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|url=https://brill.com/view/journals/jrd/9/1-2/article-p91_2.xml|title=Religions by Continent|journal=Journal of Religion and Demography|last1=Johnson|first1=Todd M.|last2=Crossing|first2=Peter F.|volume=9|date=14 October 2022|issue=1–2|pages=91–110|doi=10.1163/2589742x-bja10013|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|demonym        = [[Caribbean people|Caribbean]], [[West Indian]]
|countries      = {{Collapsible list 
 | title = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the West Indies#Sovereign states|15]]
 | {{Flag|Cuba}} 
 | {{Flag|Haiti}} 
 | {{Flag|Jamaica}} 
 | {{Flag|Dominican Republic}} 
 | {{Flag|Trinidad and Tobago}} 
 | {{Flag|Guyana}} 
 | {{Flag|Suriname}} 
 | {{Flag|Barbados}}
 | {{Flag|Bahamas}} 
 | {{Flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}
 | {{Flag|Grenada}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Lucia}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}} 
 | {{Flag|Dominica}} 
}}
|dependencies   = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the Caribbean#Dependent territories|see below]]
|languages      = {{Plainlist|
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Caribbean Spanish|Spanish]]
* [[French language|French]]
* [[Dutch language|Dutch]]
* [[French-based creole languages|French Creoles]]
* [[English-based creole languages|English Creoles]]
* [[Dutch-based creole languages|Dutch Creoles]]
* [[Spanish-based creole languages|Spanish Creoles]]
* [[Papiamento]]
* [[Caribbean Hindustani]]
* [[Indigenous languages of the Americas|Indigenous languages]]}}
|time           = [[UTC−05:00]] to [[UTC−04:00]]
|internet       = [[List of Internet top-level domains|Multiple]]
|calling_code   = [[List of country calling codes|Multiple]]
|cities         = {{Collapsible list | title = [[List of metropolitan areas in the West Indies|Largest Cities ]]|[[Santo Domingo|Santo Domingo]]|[[Port-au-Prince]]|[[Port of Spain]]|[[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]]|[[Havana]]|[[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]]|[[Santiago de los Caballeros]]|[[Santiago de Cuba]]|[[Willemstad]]|[[Oranjestad, Aruba|Oranjestad]]|[[Punta Cana]]|[[Cap-Haïtien]]|[[Nassau, Bahamas|Nassau]]|[[Paramaribo]]|[[Chetumal]]|[[Spanish Town]]|[[Porlamar]]|[[Cayenne]]|[[Georgetown, Guyana|Georgetown]]|[[Bridgetown]]|[[San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago|San Fernando]]|[[Belize City]]}}
|m49            = &lt;code&gt;029&lt;/code&gt; – Caribbean&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – [[World]]
}}

The '''Caribbean''' (Spanish: Caribe; French: le Caraïbes) 

ڪيريبين (اسپيني: Caribe؛ فرانسيسي: le Caraïbes)، ٻن آمريڪي کنڊن جي وچ ۾ هڪ علائقو آهي جيڪو اتر ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ ۾ ڪيريبين سمنڊ جي چوڌاري مرڪوز آهي ۽ گهڻو ڪري ويسٽ انڊيز سان اوورليپنگ ڪري ٿو. هن جي سامونڊي حدون اتر ۾ اتر آمريڪا، اولهه ۾ وچ آمريڪا ۽ ڏکڻ ۾ ڏکڻ آمريڪا سان آهن. هن علائقي ۾ ڪيترائي ٻيٽ، ڪي ٻيٽ،  ۽ ڪنارا شامل آهن. ان ۾ ويسٽ انڊيز جو لوڪيان آرڪيپيلاگو، گريٽر اينٽيلس، ۽ ليزر اينٽيلس شامل آهن؛ يوڪاتان جزيره نما جا ڪوئنٽانا رو ٻيٽ ۽ بيليز ٻيٽ؛ ۽ بي ٻيٽ، مسڪيٽو ڪيز، سين اينڊريس جو آرڪيپيلاگو، پروويڊنسيا، ۽ سانتا ڪيٽيلينا، ڪارن ٻيٽ، ۽ وچ آمريڪا جا سان بلاس ٻيٽ. ان ۾ آمريڪا جي براعظمي سرزمين تي ساحلي علائقا پڻ شامل آهن جيڪي اتر آمريڪا ۾ يوڪاتان جزيره نما کان وٺي وچ آمريڪا ۾ گيانا تائين علائقي سان ڳنڍيل آهن.

is a region in the middle of the [[Americas]] centered around the [[Caribbean Sea]] in the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic Ocean]], mostly overlapping with the [[West Indies]]. Bordered by [[North America]] to the north, [[Central America]] to the west, and [[South America]] to the south, it comprises numerous [[List of Caribbean islands|islands]], cays, islets, reefs, and banks. It includes the [[Lucayan Archipelago]], [[Greater Antilles]], and [[Lesser Antilles]] of the [[West Indies]]; the [[Quintana Roo]] [[Municipalities of Quintana Roo#Municipalities|islands]] and [[Districts of Belize#List|Belizean]] [[List of islands of Belize|islands]] of the [[Yucatán Peninsula]]; and the [[Bay Islands Department#Islands|Bay Islands]], [[Miskito Cays]], [[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina|Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia, and Santa Catalina]], [[Corn Islands]], and [[San Blas Islands]] of Central America. It also includes the coastal areas on the [[Mainland|continental mainland]] of the Americas bordering the region from the Yucatán Peninsula in North America through Central America to the [[The Guianas|Guianas]] in South America.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|pages= 483–528|title= A Population History of North America|publisher = Cambridge University Press|date= 2000|isbn =978-0-521-49666-7|last=Engerman|first=Stanley L.|editor-last=Haines|editor-first=Michael R.|chapter=A Population History of the Caribbean|oclc=41118518|editor-last2=Steckel|editor-first2=Richard Hall}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Understanding the contemporary Caribbean|last=|first=|publisher=Lynne Rienner|year=2003|isbn=978-1588266637|editor-last=Hillman|editor-first=Richard S.|location=London, UK|pages=|oclc=300280211|editor-last2=D'Agostino|editor-first2=Thomas J.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

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==پڻ ڏسو==
==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]</text>
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      <timestamp>2025-07-04T05:21:26Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="8764" sha1="eu01sd1v73motcu47upemclsmf5ksw7" xml:space="preserve">'''ڪيريبيئن علاقو''' يا صرف ڪريبيئن (انگريزي: Caribbean ؛  اسپيني: Caribe؛ فرانسيسي: le Caraïbes)، جن کي ٻيٽن جو علائقو (Antilles) پڻ سڏيو ويندو آهي، [[آمريڪا کنڊ|آمريڪي کنڊن]] جي وچ ۾ هڪ علائقو آهي، جيڪو اتر ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ ۾ ڪيريبين سمنڊ جي چوڌاري آهي ئئ گهڻو ڪري اولهائين ٻيٽن (West Indies) سان اوورليپنگ ڪري ٿو. اتر ۾ اتر آمريڪا، اولهه ۾ مرڪزي آمريڪا، ۽ ڏکڻ ۾ ڏکڻ آمريڪا سان سرحد تي، ان ۾ ڪيترائي ٻيٽ، ڪي، ٻيٽ، ريف ۽ ڪنارا شامل آهن. ان ۾ ويسٽ انڊيز جا لوڪيان آرڪيپيلاگو، گريٽر اينٽيلس، ۽ ليزر اينٽيلس شامل آهن؛ يوڪاتان جزيره نما جا ڪوئنٽانا رو ٻيٽ ۽ بيليز ٻيٽ؛ ۽ بي ٻيٽ، مسڪيٽو ڪيز، سين اينڊريس جو آرڪيپيلاگو، پروويڊنسيا، ۽ سانتا ڪيٽيلينا، ڪارن ٻيٽ، ۽ وچ آمريڪا جا سان بلاس ٻيٽ. ان ۾ آمريڪا جي براعظمي سرزمين تي ساحلي علائقا پڻ شامل آهن جيڪي اتر آمريڪا ۾ يوڪاتان جزيره نما کان وٺي وچ آمريڪا ۾ گيانا تائين علائقي سان ڳنڍيل آهن.

==ڪئربيئن==
{{Short description|Islands and coastal region surrounded by the Caribbean Sea}}
{{About|the group of islands|the body of water surrounding them|Caribbean Sea|the Indigenous inhabitants of the Caribbean or people of Caribbean descent|Caribbean people|other uses}}
{{Infobox continent
|title        = Caribbean
|image          = CIA map Central America &amp; Caribbean.png
|image_size     = 290
|image_caption        = Map of the Caribbean region of the [[Americas]]
|area           = {{convert|239,681|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|population     = {{UN_Population|Caribbean}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
|density        = {{convert|151.5|/km2|abbr=on}}
|GDP_nominal    = 
|GDP_per_capita = 
|ethnic_groups  = [[Afro-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Latin Americans|Latin-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Indo-Caribbean|Indo-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[White Caribbean people|White-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Multiracial#Latin America and the Caribbean|Mixed-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Asian Caribbean people|Asian-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Indigenous peoples of the Caribbean|Indigenous]]
|religions = {{ublist|item_style=white-space:nowrap;
|{{Tree list}}
* 73.5% [[Christianity]]
** 52.3% [[Catholic Church|Catholicism]]
** 20.2% [[Protestantism]]
** 1.0% other [[Christians|Christian]]
{{Tree list/end}}
|20.6% [[Irreligion|no religion]]
|2.5% [[folk religion]]s
|2.1% [[Hinduism]]
|1.3% others&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|url=https://brill.com/view/journals/jrd/9/1-2/article-p91_2.xml|title=Religions by Continent|journal=Journal of Religion and Demography|last1=Johnson|first1=Todd M.|last2=Crossing|first2=Peter F.|volume=9|date=14 October 2022|issue=1–2|pages=91–110|doi=10.1163/2589742x-bja10013|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|demonym        = [[Caribbean people|Caribbean]], [[West Indian]]
|countries      = {{Collapsible list 
 | title = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the West Indies#Sovereign states|15]]
 | {{Flag|Cuba}} 
 | {{Flag|Haiti}} 
 | {{Flag|Jamaica}} 
 | {{Flag|Dominican Republic}} 
 | {{Flag|Trinidad and Tobago}} 
 | {{Flag|Guyana}} 
 | {{Flag|Suriname}} 
 | {{Flag|Barbados}}
 | {{Flag|Bahamas}} 
 | {{Flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}
 | {{Flag|Grenada}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Lucia}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}} 
 | {{Flag|Dominica}} 
}}
|dependencies   = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the Caribbean#Dependent territories|see below]]
|languages      = {{Plainlist|
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Caribbean Spanish|Spanish]]
* [[French language|French]]
* [[Dutch language|Dutch]]
* [[French-based creole languages|French Creoles]]
* [[English-based creole languages|English Creoles]]
* [[Dutch-based creole languages|Dutch Creoles]]
* [[Spanish-based creole languages|Spanish Creoles]]
* [[Papiamento]]
* [[Caribbean Hindustani]]
* [[Indigenous languages of the Americas|Indigenous languages]]}}
|time           = [[UTC−05:00]] to [[UTC−04:00]]
|internet       = [[List of Internet top-level domains|Multiple]]
|calling_code   = [[List of country calling codes|Multiple]]
|cities         = {{Collapsible list | title = [[List of metropolitan areas in the West Indies|Largest Cities ]]|[[Santo Domingo|Santo Domingo]]|[[Port-au-Prince]]|[[Port of Spain]]|[[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]]|[[Havana]]|[[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]]|[[Santiago de los Caballeros]]|[[Santiago de Cuba]]|[[Willemstad]]|[[Oranjestad, Aruba|Oranjestad]]|[[Punta Cana]]|[[Cap-Haïtien]]|[[Nassau, Bahamas|Nassau]]|[[Paramaribo]]|[[Chetumal]]|[[Spanish Town]]|[[Porlamar]]|[[Cayenne]]|[[Georgetown, Guyana|Georgetown]]|[[Bridgetown]]|[[San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago|San Fernando]]|[[Belize City]]}}
|m49            = &lt;code&gt;029&lt;/code&gt; – Caribbean&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – [[World]]
}}

The '''Caribbean''' (Spanish: Caribe; French: le Caraïbes) 

ڪيريبين (اسپيني: Caribe؛ فرانسيسي: le Caraïbes)، ٻن آمريڪي کنڊن جي وچ ۾ هڪ علائقو آهي جيڪو اتر ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ ۾ ڪيريبين سمنڊ جي چوڌاري مرڪوز آهي ۽ گهڻو ڪري ويسٽ انڊيز سان اوورليپنگ ڪري ٿو. هن جي سامونڊي حدون اتر ۾ اتر آمريڪا، اولهه ۾ وچ آمريڪا ۽ ڏکڻ ۾ ڏکڻ آمريڪا سان آهن. هن علائقي ۾ ڪيترائي ٻيٽ، ڪي ٻيٽ،  ۽ ڪنارا شامل آهن. ان ۾ ويسٽ انڊيز جو لوڪيان آرڪيپيلاگو، گريٽر اينٽيلس، ۽ ليزر اينٽيلس شامل آهن؛ يوڪاتان جزيره نما جا ڪوئنٽانا رو ٻيٽ ۽ بيليز ٻيٽ؛ ۽ بي ٻيٽ، مسڪيٽو ڪيز، سين اينڊريس جو آرڪيپيلاگو، پروويڊنسيا، ۽ سانتا ڪيٽيلينا، ڪارن ٻيٽ، ۽ وچ آمريڪا جا سان بلاس ٻيٽ. ان ۾ آمريڪا جي براعظمي سرزمين تي ساحلي علائقا پڻ شامل آهن جيڪي اتر آمريڪا ۾ يوڪاتان جزيره نما کان وٺي وچ آمريڪا ۾ گيانا تائين علائقي سان ڳنڍيل آهن.

is a region in the middle of the [[Americas]] centered around the [[Caribbean Sea]] in the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic Ocean]], mostly overlapping with the [[West Indies]]. Bordered by [[North America]] to the north, [[Central America]] to the west, and [[South America]] to the south, it comprises numerous [[List of Caribbean islands|islands]], cays, islets, reefs, and banks. It includes the [[Lucayan Archipelago]], [[Greater Antilles]], and [[Lesser Antilles]] of the [[West Indies]]; the [[Quintana Roo]] [[Municipalities of Quintana Roo#Municipalities|islands]] and [[Districts of Belize#List|Belizean]] [[List of islands of Belize|islands]] of the [[Yucatán Peninsula]]; and the [[Bay Islands Department#Islands|Bay Islands]], [[Miskito Cays]], [[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina|Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia, and Santa Catalina]], [[Corn Islands]], and [[San Blas Islands]] of Central America. It also includes the coastal areas on the [[Mainland|continental mainland]] of the Americas bordering the region from the Yucatán Peninsula in North America through Central America to the [[The Guianas|Guianas]] in South America.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|pages= 483–528|title= A Population History of North America|publisher = Cambridge University Press|date= 2000|isbn =978-0-521-49666-7|last=Engerman|first=Stanley L.|editor-last=Haines|editor-first=Michael R.|chapter=A Population History of the Caribbean|oclc=41118518|editor-last2=Steckel|editor-first2=Richard Hall}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|title=Understanding the contemporary Caribbean|last=|first=|publisher=Lynne Rienner|year=2003|isbn=978-1588266637|editor-last=Hillman|editor-first=Richard S.|location=London, UK|pages=|oclc=300280211|editor-last2=D'Agostino|editor-first2=Thomas J.}}&lt;/ref&gt;

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==پڻ ڏسو==
==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]</text>
      <sha1>eu01sd1v73motcu47upemclsmf5ksw7</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>وچ آمريڪا</title>
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      <id>321511</id>
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        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
        <id>17680</id>
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      <comment>نئون صفحو: '''وچ آمريڪا''' (Central America) [[اتر آمريڪا]] جو هڪ ذيلي علائقو آهي. ان جون سياسي حدون اتر ۾ [[ميڪسيڪو]]، ڏکڻ اوڀر ۾ ڪولمبيا، اوڀر ۾ ڪيريبين ۽ ڏکڻ اولهه ۾ پئسفڪ سمنڊ سان ملندڙ سرحدن جي طور تي بيان ڪيون ويون آهن. وچ آمريڪا کي عام طور تي ست ملڪن تي مشتمل طور بيان ڪيو ويندو آهي: بي...</comment>
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      <text bytes="1216" sha1="eyoevpvzybhtyr3uk0vo1qlkpatfgxo" xml:space="preserve">'''وچ آمريڪا''' (Central America) [[اتر آمريڪا]] جو هڪ ذيلي علائقو آهي. ان جون سياسي حدون اتر ۾ [[ميڪسيڪو]]، ڏکڻ اوڀر ۾ ڪولمبيا، اوڀر ۾ ڪيريبين ۽ ڏکڻ اولهه ۾ پئسفڪ سمنڊ سان ملندڙ سرحدن جي طور تي بيان ڪيون ويون آهن. وچ آمريڪا کي عام طور تي ست ملڪن تي مشتمل طور بيان ڪيو ويندو آهي: بيليز، ڪوسٽا ريڪا، ايل سلواڊور، گوئٽي مالا، هونڊوراس، نڪاراگوا ۽ پاناما. وچ آمريڪا اندر ميسوامريڪن جي حياتياتي تنوع جو مرڪز آهي. جيڪو ڏکڻ ميڪسيڪو کان ڏکڻ اوڀر پاناما تائين پکڙيل آهي. وچ آمريڪا (آتش فشاني قوس) ۾ ڪيترن ئي فعال جيولوجيڪل رفٽ (خرابيون ۽ آتش فشاني قوس) جي موجودگي جي ڪري، علائقي ۾ زلزلي جي سرگرمي جي وڏي مقدار آهي. جهڙوڪ آتش فشاني ڦاٽڻ ۽ زلزلا. جنهن جي نتيجي ۾ موت، زخم ۽ ملڪيت کي نقصان پهتو آهي. رفٽ. ڀڃڻ.</text>
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      <text bytes="1596" sha1="58p77vi718xbks17cazcw8jrpz0wm5a" xml:space="preserve">'''وچ آمريڪا''' (Central America) [[اتر آمريڪا]] جو هڪ ذيلي علائقو آهي. ان جون سياسي حدون اتر ۾ [[ميڪسيڪو]]، ڏکڻ اوڀر ۾ [[ڏاکڻي آمريڪا]] جو ملڪ [[ڪولمبيا]] اوڀر ۾ [[ڪيريبين علائقو|ڪريبيئن]] ۽ ڏکڻ اولهه ۾ [[پئسيفڪ سمنڊ]] سان ملندڙ سرحدن جي طور تي بيان ڪيون ويون آهن. وچ آمريڪا جي علائقي کي عام طور تي ست ملڪن؛ [[بيليز]]، [[ڪوسٽا ريڪا]]، [[ايل سيلويڊور]]، [[گواتيمالا|گوئٽي مالا]]، [[هونڊورس]]، [[نڪاراگوا]] ۽ [[پاناما]] تي مشتمل طور بيان ڪيو ويندو آهي. وچ آمريڪا ميسوامريڪن [[نوع (حياتيات)|حياتياتي تنوع]] جو خاص مرڪز، جيڪو ڏکڻ ميڪسيڪو کان ڏکڻ اوڀر پاناما تائين پکڙيل آهي. وچ آمريڪا ۾ ڪيترن ئي فعال ارضياتي رفٽن (active geological faults) ۽ آتش فشاني قوسن (Volcanic arcs) جي موجودگي جي ڪري، علائقي ۾ ڌرتي ۾ لھه وڇڙ جي سرگرمين (seismic activities)، جهڙوڪ آتش فشاني ڦاٽ (Volcanic eruption) ۽ زلزلن جي وڏي مقدار آهي، جنهن جي نتيجي ۾ موتون، زخمي ٿيڻ ۽ ملڪيتن کي نقصان پهتو آهي.
==تفصيل==

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:جاگرافي]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>321513</id>
      <parentid>321512</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-07-04T06:10:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
        <id>17680</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>321513</origin>
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      <text bytes="1658" sha1="r1awh8ukol0ey0xt3ddj19ze28reez8" xml:space="preserve">'''وچ آمريڪا''' (Central America) [[اتر آمريڪا]] جو هڪ ذيلي علائقو آهي. ان جون سياسي حدون اتر ۾ [[ميڪسيڪو]]، ڏکڻ اوڀر ۾ [[ڏکڻ آمريڪا]] جو ملڪ [[ڪولمبيا]] اوڀر ۾ [[ڪيريبئن سمنڊ|ڪريبيئن]] ۽ ڏکڻ اولهه ۾ [[پيسفڪ سمنڊ|پئسيفڪ سمنڊ]] سان ملندڙ سرحدن جي طور تي بيان ڪيون ويون آهن. وچ آمريڪا جي علائقي کي عام طور تي ست ملڪن؛ [[بيليز]]، [[ڪوسٽا ريڪا]]، [[ايل سيلويڊور]]، [[گواتيمالا|گوئٽي مالا]]، [[هونڊورس]]، [[نڪاراگوا]] ۽ [[پاناما]] تي مشتمل طور بيان ڪيو ويندو آهي. وچ آمريڪا ميسوامريڪن [[نوع (حياتيات)|حياتياتي تنوع]] جو خاص مرڪز، جيڪو ڏکڻ ميڪسيڪو کان ڏکڻ اوڀر پاناما تائين پکڙيل آهي. وچ آمريڪا ۾ ڪيترن ئي فعال ارضياتي رفٽن (active geological faults) ۽ آتش فشاني قوسن (Volcanic arcs) جي موجودگي جي ڪري، علائقي ۾ ڌرتي ۾ لھه وڇڙ جي سرگرميون (seismic activities)، جهڙوڪ آتش فشاني ڦاٽون (Volcanic eruption) ۽ زلزلا وڏي تعداد ۾ ٿينديون آهن، جن جي نتيجي ۾ جاني ۽ مالي نقصان (موتون، زخمي ٿيڻ ۽  ملڪيتن) کي نقصان پهتو آهي.
==تفصيل==

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:جاگرافي]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>321517</id>
      <parentid>321513</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-07-04T06:33:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
        <id>17680</id>
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      <origin>321517</origin>
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      <text bytes="9464" sha1="df2h5bkmg0ctf22mf4fq1wcddvyax04" xml:space="preserve">'''وچ آمريڪا''' (Central America) [[اتر آمريڪا]] جو هڪ ذيلي علائقو آهي. ان جون سياسي حدون اتر ۾ [[ميڪسيڪو]]، ڏکڻ اوڀر ۾ [[ڏکڻ آمريڪا]] جو ملڪ [[ڪولمبيا]] اوڀر ۾ [[ڪيريبئن سمنڊ|ڪريبيئن]] ۽ ڏکڻ اولهه ۾ [[پيسفڪ سمنڊ|پئسيفڪ سمنڊ]] سان ملندڙ سرحدن جي طور تي بيان ڪيون ويون آهن. وچ آمريڪا جي علائقي کي عام طور تي ست ملڪن؛ [[بيليز]]، [[ڪوسٽا ريڪا]]، [[ايل سيلويڊور]]، [[گواتيمالا|گوئٽي مالا]]، [[هونڊورس]]، [[نڪاراگوا]] ۽ [[پاناما]] تي مشتمل طور بيان ڪيو ويندو آهي. وچ آمريڪا ميسوامريڪن [[نوع (حياتيات)|حياتياتي تنوع]] جو خاص مرڪز، جيڪو ڏکڻ ميڪسيڪو کان ڏکڻ اوڀر پاناما تائين پکڙيل آهي. وچ آمريڪا ۾ ڪيترن ئي فعال ارضياتي رفٽن (active geological faults) ۽ آتش فشاني قوسن (Volcanic arcs) جي موجودگي جي ڪري، علائقي ۾ ڌرتي ۾ لھه وڇڙ جي سرگرميون (seismic activities)، جهڙوڪ آتش فشاني ڦاٽون (Volcanic eruption) ۽ زلزلا وڏي تعداد ۾ ٿينديون آهن، جن جي نتيجي ۾ جاني ۽ مالي نقصان (موتون، زخمي ٿيڻ ۽  ملڪيتن) کي نقصان پهتو آهي.
==تفصيل==
{{Short description|Subregion of North America}}
{{Hatnote group|
{{Other uses}}
{{Distinguish|Middle America (Americas)|Central United States}}
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}

{{Infobox Continent
|title = Central America
|image = Central America (configurable orthographic projection).svg
|area = {{cvt|523780|km2|sqmi}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Area&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title= Geography Statistics of Central America |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/camerica/camlandst.htm|publisher=WorldAtlas|access-date=2025-06-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 52,700,000 (2023){{citation needed|date=February 2025}}
|density = {{pop density|52700000|523780|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} (2023)
|demonym = Central American{{efn|{{langx|es|centroamericano}}}}
|GDP_PPP = $738.8 billion (2023)
|GDP_nominal = $362.62 billion ([[exchange rate]]) (2023)
|GDP_per_capita = $6,880 (exchange rate) (2023)&lt;br /&gt;$14,019 ([[purchasing power parity|PPP]]) (2023)
|countries = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[#Definitions|7–8]]
 |[[Belize]]
 |[[Costa Rica]]{{efn|Including [[Cocos Island]], one of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].}}
 |[[El Salvador]]
 |[[Guatemala]]
 |[[Honduras]]
 |[[Mexico]]{{efn|The [[United Nations geoscheme]] includes [[Mexico]] in Central America, but the country is not universally considered to be a part of Central America among other [[list of geographical societies|geographical societies]].}}
 |[[Nicaragua]]
 |[[Panama]]
 }}
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[Dependent territory|External]] (1)
 |[[Clipperton Island]]{{efn|One of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[France]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of administrative divisions by country|Internal]] (2)
 |[[Valle del Cauca]], [[Malpelo Island]]{{efn|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[Colombia]])
 |[[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina]]{{efn|Comprising two remote [[archipelago|island groups]] off the coast of Central America.}} ([[Colombia]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of territorial disputes|Disputed]] (2)
 | [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Jamaica]] and the [[United States]].}}
 |[[Serranilla Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Honduras]], [[Jamaica]], and the United States.}}
 }}
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Central American Spanish|Spanish]] 
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Mayan languages|Mayan]]
* [[Miskito language|Miskito]]
* [[Garifuna language|Garifuna]]
* [[Belizean Creole|Kriol]]
* [[Bay Islands English| Bay Island Creole]]
* [[Limonese Creole|Mekatelyu]]
* [[Miskito Coast Creole|Honduran and Nicaraguan Miskito Creole]]
* [[Mesoamerican languages|Others]]
 }}
|time = [[UTC−06:00]] to [[UTC−05:00]]
|cities = {{Unbulleted list
|[[Guatemala City]]&lt;!--1,104,890--&gt;
| [[San Salvador]] &lt;!--2,000,000--&gt;
|[[Managua]]&lt;!--2,201,000--&gt;
| [[Tegucigalpa]]&lt;!--1,126,534--&gt;
| [[Panama City]]&lt;!--880,691--&gt;&lt;!--540,898--&gt;
| [[San Pedro Sula]]&lt;!--538,101--&gt;
| [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]&lt;!--347,281--&gt;
| [[San Miguelito District|San Miguelito]]&lt;!--293,745--&gt;
| [[Santa Ana, El Salvador|Santa Ana]]&lt;!--245,241--&gt;
| [[San Miguel, El Salvador|San Miguel]]&lt;!--221,783--&gt;
 }}
|m49 = &lt;code&gt;013&lt;/code&gt; – Central America&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – World
}}

{{Central America series}}

'''Central America'''{{efn|{{langx|es|América Central}} {{IPA|es|aˈmeɾika senˈtɾal||Es-pe - América central.ogg}} or {{lang|es|Centroamérica}} {{IPA|es|sentɾoaˈmeɾika||Es-pe - Centroamérica.ogg}}}} is a [[Subregion#North America|subregion]] of [[North America]]. Its political boundaries are defined as bordering [[Mexico]] to the north, [[Colombia]] to the southeast, the [[Caribbean]] to the east, and the [[Pacific Ocean]] to the southwest. Central America is usually defined as consisting of seven countries: [[Belize]], [[Costa Rica]], [[El Salvador]], [[Guatemala]], [[Honduras]], [[Nicaragua]], and [[Panama]]. Within Central America is the [[Mesoamerica]]n [[biodiversity hotspot]], which extends from southern Mexico to southeastern Panama. Due to the presence of several [[active fault|active geologic faults]] and the [[Central America Volcanic Arc]], there is a high amount of seismic activity in the region, such as [[volcanic eruption]]s and earthquakes, which has resulted in death, injury, and property damage.

Most of Central America falls under the [[Isthmo-Colombian Area|Isthmo-Colombian]] cultural area. Before the Spanish expedition of [[Christopher Columbus]]' voyages to the [[Americas]], hundreds of indigenous peoples made their homes in the area. From the year 1502 onwards, Spain began their [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|colonization]]. From 1609 to 1821, the majority of Central American territories (except for what would become Belize and Panama and including the modern Mexican state of [[Chiapas]]) were governed by the viceroyalty of [[New Spain]] from [[Mexico City]] as the [[Captaincy General of Guatemala]]. On 24 August 1821, Spanish Viceroy [[Juan O'Donojú|Juan de O'Donojú]] signed the [[Treaty of Córdoba]], which established New Spain's independence and autonomy from mainland Spain.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/spain-accepts-mexican-independence|title=Spain accepts Mexican independence|website=HISTORY|date=9 February 2010 |language=en|access-date=2019-06-03}}&lt;/ref&gt; On 15 September, the [[Act of Independence of Central America]] was enacted to announce Central America's separation from the [[Spanish Empire]]. Some of New Spain's provinces in the Central American region were invaded and annexed to the [[First Mexican Empire]]; however in 1823 they seceded from Mexico to form the [[Federal Republic of Central America]] until 1838.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ribeiro|first=Pedro Freire|title=Raízes do pensamento político da América Espanhola, 1780–1826|date=1995|publisher=Editora da Universidade Federal Fluminense|isbn=85-228-0146-0|location=Niterói, RJ|oclc=35578070}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1838, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua became the first of Central America's seven states to become independent countries, followed by El Salvador in 1841, Panama in 1903, and Belize in 1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/countries/belize|title=A Guide to the United States'History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consumer Relations, by Country, since 1776: Belize|website=Office of The Historian|language=en|access-date=2021-02-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Despite the dissolution of the [[Federal Republic of Central America]], the five remaining countries, save for Panama and Belize, all preserved and maintained a Central American identity.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF135.html Demographic Diversity and Change in the Central American Isthmus]. Pebley, Anne R. and Luis Rosero-Bixby, eds., Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1997. Also available in print form.&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[list of countries and territories where Spanish is an official language|Spanish-speaking countries]] officially include both North America and [[South America]] as a single continent, {{Lang|es|[[Americas|América]]}}, which is split into four subregions: Central America, [[Caribbean|The Caribbean]] (a.k.a. the [[West Indies]]), North America ([[Mexico]] and [[Northern America]]), and South America.

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:جاگرافي]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]</text>
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    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>321519</id>
      <parentid>321517</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-07-04T06:36:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
        <id>17680</id>
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      <text bytes="9486" sha1="g2ler845mte5y6imj6caapmgn9khyrk" xml:space="preserve">'''وچ آمريڪا''' (Central America) [[اتر آمريڪا]] جو هڪ ذيلي علائقو آهي. ان جون سياسي حدون اتر ۾ [[ميڪسيڪو]]، ڏکڻ اوڀر ۾ [[ڏکڻ آمريڪا]] جو ملڪ [[ڪولمبيا]] اوڀر ۾ [[ڪيريبيئن علائقو|ڪيريبئن علائقي]] ۽ ڏکڻ اولهه ۾ [[پيسيفڪ سمنڊ|پئسيفڪ سمنڊ]] سان ملندڙ سرحدن جي طور تي بيان ڪيون ويون آهن. وچ آمريڪا جي علائقي کي عام طور تي ست ملڪن؛ [[بيليز]]، [[ڪوسٽا ريڪا]]، [[ايل سيلويڊور]]، [[گواتيمالا|گوئٽي مالا]]، [[هونڊورس]]، [[نڪاراگوا]] ۽ [[پاناما]] تي مشتمل طور بيان ڪيو ويندو آهي. وچ آمريڪا ميسوامريڪن [[نوع (حياتيات)|حياتياتي تنوع]] جو خاص مرڪز، جيڪو ڏکڻ ميڪسيڪو کان ڏکڻ اوڀر پاناما تائين پکڙيل آهي. وچ آمريڪا ۾ ڪيترن ئي فعال ارضياتي رفٽن (active geological faults) ۽ آتش فشاني قوسن (Volcanic arcs) جي موجودگي جي ڪري، علائقي ۾ ڌرتي ۾ لھه وڇڙ جي سرگرميون (seismic activities)، جهڙوڪ آتش فشاني ڦاٽون (Volcanic eruption) ۽ زلزلا وڏي تعداد ۾ ٿينديون آهن، جن جي نتيجي ۾ جاني ۽ مالي نقصان (موتون، زخمي ٿيڻ ۽  ملڪيتن) کي نقصان پهتو آهي.

==تفصيل==
{{Short description|Subregion of North America}}
{{Hatnote group|
{{Other uses}}
{{Distinguish|Middle America (Americas)|Central United States}}
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}

{{Infobox Continent
|title = Central America
|image = Central America (configurable orthographic projection).svg
|area = {{cvt|523780|km2|sqmi}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Area&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title= Geography Statistics of Central America |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/camerica/camlandst.htm|publisher=WorldAtlas|access-date=2025-06-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 52,700,000 (2023){{citation needed|date=February 2025}}
|density = {{pop density|52700000|523780|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} (2023)
|demonym = Central American{{efn|{{langx|es|centroamericano}}}}
|GDP_PPP = $738.8 billion (2023)
|GDP_nominal = $362.62 billion ([[exchange rate]]) (2023)
|GDP_per_capita = $6,880 (exchange rate) (2023)&lt;br /&gt;$14,019 ([[purchasing power parity|PPP]]) (2023)
|countries = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[#Definitions|7–8]]
 |[[Belize]]
 |[[Costa Rica]]{{efn|Including [[Cocos Island]], one of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].}}
 |[[El Salvador]]
 |[[Guatemala]]
 |[[Honduras]]
 |[[Mexico]]{{efn|The [[United Nations geoscheme]] includes [[Mexico]] in Central America, but the country is not universally considered to be a part of Central America among other [[list of geographical societies|geographical societies]].}}
 |[[Nicaragua]]
 |[[Panama]]
 }}
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[Dependent territory|External]] (1)
 |[[Clipperton Island]]{{efn|One of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[France]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of administrative divisions by country|Internal]] (2)
 |[[Valle del Cauca]], [[Malpelo Island]]{{efn|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[Colombia]])
 |[[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina]]{{efn|Comprising two remote [[archipelago|island groups]] off the coast of Central America.}} ([[Colombia]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of territorial disputes|Disputed]] (2)
 | [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Jamaica]] and the [[United States]].}}
 |[[Serranilla Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Honduras]], [[Jamaica]], and the United States.}}
 }}
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Central American Spanish|Spanish]] 
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Mayan languages|Mayan]]
* [[Miskito language|Miskito]]
* [[Garifuna language|Garifuna]]
* [[Belizean Creole|Kriol]]
* [[Bay Islands English| Bay Island Creole]]
* [[Limonese Creole|Mekatelyu]]
* [[Miskito Coast Creole|Honduran and Nicaraguan Miskito Creole]]
* [[Mesoamerican languages|Others]]
 }}
|time = [[UTC−06:00]] to [[UTC−05:00]]
|cities = {{Unbulleted list
|[[Guatemala City]]&lt;!--1,104,890--&gt;
| [[San Salvador]] &lt;!--2,000,000--&gt;
|[[Managua]]&lt;!--2,201,000--&gt;
| [[Tegucigalpa]]&lt;!--1,126,534--&gt;
| [[Panama City]]&lt;!--880,691--&gt;&lt;!--540,898--&gt;
| [[San Pedro Sula]]&lt;!--538,101--&gt;
| [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]&lt;!--347,281--&gt;
| [[San Miguelito District|San Miguelito]]&lt;!--293,745--&gt;
| [[Santa Ana, El Salvador|Santa Ana]]&lt;!--245,241--&gt;
| [[San Miguel, El Salvador|San Miguel]]&lt;!--221,783--&gt;
 }}
|m49 = &lt;code&gt;013&lt;/code&gt; – Central America&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – World
}}

{{Central America series}}

'''Central America'''{{efn|{{langx|es|América Central}} {{IPA|es|aˈmeɾika senˈtɾal||Es-pe - América central.ogg}} or {{lang|es|Centroamérica}} {{IPA|es|sentɾoaˈmeɾika||Es-pe - Centroamérica.ogg}}}} is a [[Subregion#North America|subregion]] of [[North America]]. Its political boundaries are defined as bordering [[Mexico]] to the north, [[Colombia]] to the southeast, the [[Caribbean]] to the east, and the [[Pacific Ocean]] to the southwest. Central America is usually defined as consisting of seven countries: [[Belize]], [[Costa Rica]], [[El Salvador]], [[Guatemala]], [[Honduras]], [[Nicaragua]], and [[Panama]]. Within Central America is the [[Mesoamerica]]n [[biodiversity hotspot]], which extends from southern Mexico to southeastern Panama. Due to the presence of several [[active fault|active geologic faults]] and the [[Central America Volcanic Arc]], there is a high amount of seismic activity in the region, such as [[volcanic eruption]]s and earthquakes, which has resulted in death, injury, and property damage.

Most of Central America falls under the [[Isthmo-Colombian Area|Isthmo-Colombian]] cultural area. Before the Spanish expedition of [[Christopher Columbus]]' voyages to the [[Americas]], hundreds of indigenous peoples made their homes in the area. From the year 1502 onwards, Spain began their [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|colonization]]. From 1609 to 1821, the majority of Central American territories (except for what would become Belize and Panama and including the modern Mexican state of [[Chiapas]]) were governed by the viceroyalty of [[New Spain]] from [[Mexico City]] as the [[Captaincy General of Guatemala]]. On 24 August 1821, Spanish Viceroy [[Juan O'Donojú|Juan de O'Donojú]] signed the [[Treaty of Córdoba]], which established New Spain's independence and autonomy from mainland Spain.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/spain-accepts-mexican-independence|title=Spain accepts Mexican independence|website=HISTORY|date=9 February 2010 |language=en|access-date=2019-06-03}}&lt;/ref&gt; On 15 September, the [[Act of Independence of Central America]] was enacted to announce Central America's separation from the [[Spanish Empire]]. Some of New Spain's provinces in the Central American region were invaded and annexed to the [[First Mexican Empire]]; however in 1823 they seceded from Mexico to form the [[Federal Republic of Central America]] until 1838.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ribeiro|first=Pedro Freire|title=Raízes do pensamento político da América Espanhola, 1780–1826|date=1995|publisher=Editora da Universidade Federal Fluminense|isbn=85-228-0146-0|location=Niterói, RJ|oclc=35578070}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1838, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua became the first of Central America's seven states to become independent countries, followed by El Salvador in 1841, Panama in 1903, and Belize in 1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/countries/belize|title=A Guide to the United States'History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consumer Relations, by Country, since 1776: Belize|website=Office of The Historian|language=en|access-date=2021-02-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Despite the dissolution of the [[Federal Republic of Central America]], the five remaining countries, save for Panama and Belize, all preserved and maintained a Central American identity.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF135.html Demographic Diversity and Change in the Central American Isthmus]. Pebley, Anne R. and Luis Rosero-Bixby, eds., Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1997. Also available in print form.&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[list of countries and territories where Spanish is an official language|Spanish-speaking countries]] officially include both North America and [[South America]] as a single continent, {{Lang|es|[[Americas|América]]}}, which is split into four subregions: Central America, [[Caribbean|The Caribbean]] (a.k.a. the [[West Indies]]), North America ([[Mexico]] and [[Northern America]]), and South America.

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:جاگرافي]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]</text>
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      <text bytes="9544" sha1="gerjwwu93t1d56io2nzaxwj5ln6v7og" xml:space="preserve">'''وچ آمريڪا''' (Central America) [[اتر آمريڪا]] جو هڪ ذيلي علائقو آهي. ان جون سياسي حدون اتر ۾ [[ميڪسيڪو]]، ڏکڻ اوڀر ۾ [[ڏکڻ آمريڪا]] جو ملڪ [[ڪولمبيا]] اوڀر ۾ [[ڪيريبيئن علائقو|ڪيريبئن علائقي]] ۽ ڏکڻ اولهه ۾ [[پيسيفڪ سمنڊ|پئسيفڪ سمنڊ]] سان ملندڙ سرحدن جي طور تي بيان ڪيون ويون آهن. وچ آمريڪا جي علائقي کي عام طور تي ست ملڪن؛ [[بيليز]]، [[ڪوسٽا ريڪا]]، [[ايل سيلويڊور]]، [[گواتيمالا|گوئٽي مالا]]، [[هونڊورس]]، [[نڪاراگوا]] ۽ [[پاناما]] تي مشتمل طور بيان ڪيو ويندو آهي. وچ آمريڪا ميسوامريڪن [[نوع (حياتيات)|حياتياتي تنوع]] جو خاص مرڪز، جيڪو ڏکڻ ميڪسيڪو کان ڏکڻ اوڀر پاناما تائين پکڙيل آهي. وچ آمريڪا ۾ ڪيترن ئي فعال ارضياتي رفٽن (active geological faults) ۽ آتش فشاني قوسن (Volcanic arcs) جي موجودگي جي ڪري، علائقي ۾ ڌرتي ۾ لھه وڇڙ جي سرگرميون (seismic activities)، جهڙوڪ آتش فشاني ڦاٽون (Volcanic eruption) ۽ زلزلا وڏي تعداد ۾ ٿينديون آهن، جن جي نتيجي ۾ جاني ۽ مالي نقصان (موتون، زخمي ٿيڻ ۽  ملڪيتن) کي نقصان پهتو آهي.

==تفصيل==
{{Short description|Subregion of North America}}
{{Hatnote group|
{{Other uses}}
{{Distinguish|Middle America (Americas)|Central United States}}
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}

{{Infobox Continent
|title = Central America
|image = Central America (configurable orthographic projection).svg
|area = {{cvt|523780|km2|sqmi}}&lt;ref name=&quot;Area&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|title= Geography Statistics of Central America |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/camerica/camlandst.htm|publisher=WorldAtlas|access-date=2025-06-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 52,700,000 (2023){{citation needed|date=February 2025}}
|density = {{pop density|52700000|523780|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} (2023)
|demonym = Central American{{efn|{{langx|es|centroamericano}}}}
|GDP_PPP = $738.8 billion (2023)
|GDP_nominal = $362.62 billion ([[exchange rate]]) (2023)
|GDP_per_capita = $6,880 (exchange rate) (2023)&lt;br /&gt;$14,019 ([[purchasing power parity|PPP]]) (2023)
|countries = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[#Definitions|7–8]]
 |[[Belize]]
 |[[Costa Rica]]{{efn|Including [[Cocos Island]], one of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].}}
 |[[El Salvador]]
 |[[Guatemala]]
 |[[Honduras]]
 |[[Mexico]]{{efn|The [[United Nations geoscheme]] includes [[Mexico]] in Central America, but the country is not universally considered to be a part of Central America among other [[list of geographical societies|geographical societies]].}}
 |[[Nicaragua]]
 |[[Panama]]
 }}
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[Dependent territory|External]] (1)
 |[[Clipperton Island]]{{efn|One of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[France]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of administrative divisions by country|Internal]] (2)
 |[[Valle del Cauca]], [[Malpelo Island]]{{efn|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[Colombia]])
 |[[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina]]{{efn|Comprising two remote [[archipelago|island groups]] off the coast of Central America.}} ([[Colombia]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of territorial disputes|Disputed]] (2)
 | [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Jamaica]] and the [[United States]].}}
 |[[Serranilla Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Honduras]], [[Jamaica]], and the United States.}}
 }}
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Central American Spanish|Spanish]] 
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Mayan languages|Mayan]]
* [[Miskito language|Miskito]]
* [[Garifuna language|Garifuna]]
* [[Belizean Creole|Kriol]]
* [[Bay Islands English| Bay Island Creole]]
* [[Limonese Creole|Mekatelyu]]
* [[Miskito Coast Creole|Honduran and Nicaraguan Miskito Creole]]
* [[Mesoamerican languages|Others]]
 }}
|time = [[UTC−06:00]] to [[UTC−05:00]]
|cities = {{Unbulleted list
|[[Guatemala City]]&lt;!--1,104,890--&gt;
| [[San Salvador]] &lt;!--2,000,000--&gt;
|[[Managua]]&lt;!--2,201,000--&gt;
| [[Tegucigalpa]]&lt;!--1,126,534--&gt;
| [[Panama City]]&lt;!--880,691--&gt;&lt;!--540,898--&gt;
| [[San Pedro Sula]]&lt;!--538,101--&gt;
| [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]&lt;!--347,281--&gt;
| [[San Miguelito District|San Miguelito]]&lt;!--293,745--&gt;
| [[Santa Ana, El Salvador|Santa Ana]]&lt;!--245,241--&gt;
| [[San Miguel, El Salvador|San Miguel]]&lt;!--221,783--&gt;
 }}
|m49 = &lt;code&gt;013&lt;/code&gt; – Central America&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – World
}}

{{Central America series}}

'''Central America'''{{efn|{{langx|es|América Central}} {{IPA|es|aˈmeɾika senˈtɾal||Es-pe - América central.ogg}} or {{lang|es|Centroamérica}} {{IPA|es|sentɾoaˈmeɾika||Es-pe - Centroamérica.ogg}}}} is a [[Subregion#North America|subregion]] of [[North America]]. Its political boundaries are defined as bordering [[Mexico]] to the north, [[Colombia]] to the southeast, the [[Caribbean]] to the east, and the [[Pacific Ocean]] to the southwest. Central America is usually defined as consisting of seven countries: [[Belize]], [[Costa Rica]], [[El Salvador]], [[Guatemala]], [[Honduras]], [[Nicaragua]], and [[Panama]]. Within Central America is the [[Mesoamerica]]n [[biodiversity hotspot]], which extends from southern Mexico to southeastern Panama. Due to the presence of several [[active fault|active geologic faults]] and the [[Central America Volcanic Arc]], there is a high amount of seismic activity in the region, such as [[volcanic eruption]]s and earthquakes, which has resulted in death, injury, and property damage.

Most of Central America falls under the [[Isthmo-Colombian Area|Isthmo-Colombian]] cultural area. Before the Spanish expedition of [[Christopher Columbus]]' voyages to the [[Americas]], hundreds of indigenous peoples made their homes in the area. From the year 1502 onwards, Spain began their [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|colonization]]. From 1609 to 1821, the majority of Central American territories (except for what would become Belize and Panama and including the modern Mexican state of [[Chiapas]]) were governed by the viceroyalty of [[New Spain]] from [[Mexico City]] as the [[Captaincy General of Guatemala]]. On 24 August 1821, Spanish Viceroy [[Juan O'Donojú|Juan de O'Donojú]] signed the [[Treaty of Córdoba]], which established New Spain's independence and autonomy from mainland Spain.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/spain-accepts-mexican-independence|title=Spain accepts Mexican independence|website=HISTORY|date=9 February 2010 |language=en|access-date=2019-06-03}}&lt;/ref&gt; On 15 September, the [[Act of Independence of Central America]] was enacted to announce Central America's separation from the [[Spanish Empire]]. Some of New Spain's provinces in the Central American region were invaded and annexed to the [[First Mexican Empire]]; however in 1823 they seceded from Mexico to form the [[Federal Republic of Central America]] until 1838.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ribeiro|first=Pedro Freire|title=Raízes do pensamento político da América Espanhola, 1780–1826|date=1995|publisher=Editora da Universidade Federal Fluminense|isbn=85-228-0146-0|location=Niterói, RJ|oclc=35578070}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1838, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua became the first of Central America's seven states to become independent countries, followed by El Salvador in 1841, Panama in 1903, and Belize in 1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/countries/belize|title=A Guide to the United States'History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consumer Relations, by Country, since 1776: Belize|website=Office of The Historian|language=en|access-date=2021-02-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Despite the dissolution of the [[Federal Republic of Central America]], the five remaining countries, save for Panama and Belize, all preserved and maintained a Central American identity.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF135.html Demographic Diversity and Change in the Central American Isthmus]. Pebley, Anne R. and Luis Rosero-Bixby, eds., Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1997. Also available in print form.&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[list of countries and territories where Spanish is an official language|Spanish-speaking countries]] officially include both North America and [[South America]] as a single continent, {{Lang|es|[[Americas|América]]}}, which is split into four subregions: Central America, [[Caribbean|The Caribbean]] (a.k.a. the [[West Indies]]), North America ([[Mexico]] and [[Northern America]]), and South America.

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:جاگرافي]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]</text>
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    <revision>
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      <text bytes="9403" sha1="nxxh4u5bhjyjefgrud6giue4brnq1fl" xml:space="preserve">'''وچ آمريڪا''' (Central America) [[اتر آمريڪا]] جو هڪ ذيلي علائقو آهي. ان جون سياسي حدون اتر ۾ [[ميڪسيڪو]]، ڏکڻ اوڀر ۾ [[ڏکڻ آمريڪا]] جو ملڪ [[ڪولمبيا]] اوڀر ۾ [[ڪيريبيئن علائقو|ڪيريبئن علائقي]] ۽ ڏکڻ اولهه ۾ [[پيسيفڪ سمنڊ|پئسيفڪ سمنڊ]] سان ملندڙ سرحدن جي طور تي بيان ڪيون ويون آهن. وچ آمريڪا جي علائقي کي عام طور تي ست ملڪن؛ [[بيليز]]، [[ڪوسٽا ريڪا]]، [[ايل سيلويڊور]]، [[گواتيمالا|گوئٽي مالا]]، [[هونڊورس]]، [[نڪاراگوا]] ۽ [[پاناما]] تي مشتمل طور بيان ڪيو ويندو آهي. وچ آمريڪا ميسوامريڪن [[نوع (حياتيات)|حياتياتي تنوع]] جو خاص مرڪز، جيڪو ڏکڻ ميڪسيڪو کان ڏکڻ اوڀر پاناما تائين پکڙيل آهي. وچ آمريڪا ۾ ڪيترن ئي فعال ارضياتي رفٽن (active geological faults) ۽ آتش فشاني قوسن (Volcanic arcs) جي موجودگي جي ڪري، علائقي ۾ ڌرتي ۾ لھه وڇڙ جي سرگرميون (seismic activities)، جهڙوڪ آتش فشاني ڦاٽون (Volcanic eruption) ۽ زلزلا وڏي تعداد ۾ ٿينديون آهن، جن جي نتيجي ۾ جاني ۽ مالي نقصان (موتون، زخمي ٿيڻ ۽  ملڪيتن) کي نقصان پهتو آهي.

==تفصيل==
{{Short description|Subregion of North America}}

{{Infobox Continent
|title = Central America
|image = Central America (configurable orthographic projection).svg
|area = 523780 square kilometers 
(400000 sq mile)&lt;ref name=&quot;Area&quot;&gt;
{{Cite web|title= Geography Statistics of Central America |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/camerica/camlandst.htm|publisher=WorldAtlas|access-date=2025-06-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 52,700,000 (2023){{citation needed|date=February 2025}}
|density = 52700000÷
523780
Per sq. Kilometer
(2023)
|demonym = Central American{{efn|{{langx|es|centroamericano}}}}
|GDP_PPP = $738.8 billion (2023)
|GDP_nominal = 362.62
 billion
US dollars 
 ([[exchange rate]]) (2023)
|GDP_per_capita = $6,880 (exchange rate) (2023)&lt;br /&gt;$14,019 ([[purchasing power parity|PPP]]) (2023)
|countries = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[#Definitions|7–8]]
 |[[Belize]]
 |[[Costa Rica]]{{efn|Including [[Cocos Island]], one of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].}}
 |[[El Salvador]]
 |[[Guatemala]]
 |[[Honduras]]
 |[[Mexico]]{{efn|The [[United Nations geoscheme]] includes [[Mexico]] in Central America, but the country is not universally considered to be a part of Central America among other [[list of geographical societies|geographical societies]].}}
 |[[Nicaragua]]
 |[[Panama]]
 }}
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[Dependent territory|External]] (1)
 |[[Clipperton Island]]{{efn|One of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[France]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of administrative divisions by country|Internal]] (2)
 |[[Valle del Cauca]], [[Malpelo Island]]{{efn|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[Colombia]])
 |[[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina]]{{efn|Comprising two remote [[archipelago|island groups]] off the coast of Central America.}} ([[Colombia]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of territorial disputes|Disputed]] (2)
 | [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Jamaica]] and the [[United States]].}}
 |[[Serranilla Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Honduras]], [[Jamaica]], and the United States.}}
 }}
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Central American Spanish|Spanish]] 
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Mayan languages|Mayan]]
* [[Miskito language|Miskito]]
* [[Garifuna language|Garifuna]]
* [[Belizean Creole|Kriol]]
* [[Bay Islands English| Bay Island Creole]]
* [[Limonese Creole|Mekatelyu]]
* [[Miskito Coast Creole|Honduran and Nicaraguan Miskito Creole]]
* [[Mesoamerican languages|Others]]
 }}
|time = [[UTC−06:00]] to [[UTC−05:00]]
|cities = {{Unbulleted list
|[[Guatemala City]]&lt;!--1,104,890--&gt;
| [[San Salvador]] &lt;!--2,000,000--&gt;
|[[Managua]]&lt;!--2,201,000--&gt;
| [[Tegucigalpa]]&lt;!--1,126,534--&gt;
| [[Panama City]]&lt;!--880,691--&gt;&lt;!--540,898--&gt;
| [[San Pedro Sula]]&lt;!--538,101--&gt;
| [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]&lt;!--347,281--&gt;
| [[San Miguelito District|San Miguelito]]&lt;!--293,745--&gt;
| [[Santa Ana, El Salvador|Santa Ana]]&lt;!--245,241--&gt;
| [[San Miguel, El Salvador|San Miguel]]&lt;!--221,783--&gt;
 }}
|m49 = &lt;code&gt;013&lt;/code&gt; – Central America&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – World
}}


'''Central America'''{{efn|{{langx|es|América Central}} {{IPA|es|aˈmeɾika senˈtɾal||Es-pe - América central.ogg}} or {{lang|es|Centroamérica}} {{IPA|es|sentɾoaˈmeɾika||Es-pe - Centroamérica.ogg}}}} is a [[Subregion#North America|subregion]] of [[North America]]. Its political boundaries are defined as bordering [[Mexico]] to the north, [[Colombia]] to the southeast, the [[Caribbean]] to the east, and the [[Pacific Ocean]] to the southwest. Central America is usually defined as consisting of seven countries: [[Belize]], [[Costa Rica]], [[El Salvador]], [[Guatemala]], [[Honduras]], [[Nicaragua]], and [[Panama]]. Within Central America is the [[Mesoamerica]]n [[biodiversity hotspot]], which extends from southern Mexico to southeastern Panama. Due to the presence of several [[active fault|active geologic faults]] and the [[Central America Volcanic Arc]], there is a high amount of seismic activity in the region, such as [[volcanic eruption]]s and earthquakes, which has resulted in death, injury, and property damage.

Most of Central America falls under the [[Isthmo-Colombian Area|Isthmo-Colombian]] cultural area. Before the Spanish expedition of [[Christopher Columbus]]' voyages to the [[Americas]], hundreds of indigenous peoples made their homes in the area. From the year 1502 onwards, Spain began their [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|colonization]]. From 1609 to 1821, the majority of Central American territories (except for what would become Belize and Panama and including the modern Mexican state of [[Chiapas]]) were governed by the viceroyalty of [[New Spain]] from [[Mexico City]] as the [[Captaincy General of Guatemala]]. On 24 August 1821, Spanish Viceroy [[Juan O'Donojú|Juan de O'Donojú]] signed the [[Treaty of Córdoba]], which established New Spain's independence and autonomy from mainland Spain.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/spain-accepts-mexican-independence|title=Spain accepts Mexican independence|website=HISTORY|date=9 February 2010 |language=en|access-date=2019-06-03}}&lt;/ref&gt; On 15 September, the [[Act of Independence of Central America]] was enacted to announce Central America's separation from the [[Spanish Empire]]. Some of New Spain's provinces in the Central American region were invaded and annexed to the [[First Mexican Empire]]; however in 1823 they seceded from Mexico to form the [[Federal Republic of Central America]] until 1838.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ribeiro|first=Pedro Freire|title=Raízes do pensamento político da América Espanhola, 1780–1826|date=1995|publisher=Editora da Universidade Federal Fluminense|isbn=85-228-0146-0|location=Niterói, RJ|oclc=35578070}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1838, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua became the first of Central America's seven states to become independent countries, followed by El Salvador in 1841, Panama in 1903, and Belize in 1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/countries/belize|title=A Guide to the United States'History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consumer Relations, by Country, since 1776: Belize|website=Office of The Historian|language=en|access-date=2021-02-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Despite the dissolution of the [[Federal Republic of Central America]], the five remaining countries, save for Panama and Belize, all preserved and maintained a Central American identity.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF135.html Demographic Diversity and Change in the Central American Isthmus]. Pebley, Anne R. and Luis Rosero-Bixby, eds., Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1997. Also available in print form.&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[list of countries and territories where Spanish is an official language|Spanish-speaking countries]] officially include both North America and [[South America]] as a single continent, {{Lang|es|[[Americas|América]]}}, which is split into four subregions: Central America, [[Caribbean|The Caribbean]] (a.k.a. the [[West Indies]]), North America ([[Mexico]] and [[Northern America]]), and South America.

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:جاگرافي]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]</text>
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      <text bytes="10408" sha1="6qb2dk5t5uhg1s7m7eth6n1kcdx2qrv" xml:space="preserve">'''وچ آمريڪا''' (Central America) [[اتر آمريڪا]] جو هڪ ذيلي علائقو آهي. ان جون سياسي حدون اتر ۾ [[ميڪسيڪو]]، ڏکڻ اوڀر ۾ [[ڏکڻ آمريڪا]] جو ملڪ [[ڪولمبيا]] اوڀر ۾ [[ڪيريبيئن علائقو|ڪيريبئن علائقي]] ۽ ڏکڻ اولهه ۾ [[پيسيفڪ سمنڊ|پئسيفڪ سمنڊ]] سان ملندڙ سرحدن جي طور تي بيان ڪيون ويون آهن. وچ آمريڪا جي علائقي کي عام طور تي ست ملڪن؛ [[بيليز]]، [[ڪوسٽا ريڪا]]، [[ايل سيلويڊور]]، [[گواتيمالا|گوئٽي مالا]]، [[هونڊورس]]، [[نڪاراگوا]] ۽ [[پاناما]] تي مشتمل طور بيان ڪيو ويندو آهي. وچ آمريڪا ميسوامريڪن [[نوع (حياتيات)|حياتياتي تنوع]] جو خاص مرڪز، جيڪو ڏکڻ ميڪسيڪو کان ڏکڻ اوڀر پاناما تائين پکڙيل آهي. وچ آمريڪا ۾ ڪيترن ئي فعال ارضياتي رفٽن (active geological faults) ۽ آتش فشاني قوسن (Volcanic arcs) جي موجودگي جي ڪري، علائقي ۾ ڌرتي ۾ لھه وڇڙ جي سرگرميون (seismic activities)، جهڙوڪ آتش فشاني ڦاٽون (Volcanic eruption) ۽ زلزلا وڏي تعداد ۾ ٿينديون آهن، جن جي نتيجي ۾ جاني ۽ مالي نقصان (موتون، زخمي ٿيڻ ۽  ملڪيتن) کي نقصان پهتو آهي.

==تفصيل==
{{Short description|Subregion of North America}}

{{Infobox Continent
|title = وچ آمريڪا &lt;br&gt;
Central America
|image = Central America (configurable orthographic projection).svg
|area = چورس ڪلوميٽر (اسڪوائر ميل)
523780 square kilometers 
(400000 sq mile)&lt;ref name=&quot;Area&quot;&gt;
{{Cite web|title= Geography Statistics of Central America |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/camerica/camlandst.htm|publisher=WorldAtlas|access-date=2025-06-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population = غير جانبدار وڌا * 

 52,700,000 (2023)
{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}
|density = 52700000÷
523780
في چورس ڪلوميٽر
(2023)
|demonym = Central American
وچ آمريڪا
{{efn|{{langx|es|centroamericano}}}}
|GDP_PPP = 738.8 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر
 (2023)
|GDP_nominal = 362.62
 billion
US dollars 
 ([[exchange rate]]) (2023)
|GDP_per_capita = $6,880 (exchange rate) (2023)&lt;br /&gt;$14,019 ([[purchasing power parity|PPP]]) (2023)
|countries = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[#Definitions|7–8]]
 |[[Belize]]
 |[[Costa Rica]]{{efn|Including [[Cocos Island]], one of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].}}
 |[[El Salvador]]
 |[[Guatemala]]
 |[[Honduras]]
 |[[Mexico]]{{efn|The [[United Nations geoscheme]] includes [[Mexico]] in Central America, but the country is not universally considered to be a part of Central America among other [[list of geographical societies|geographical societies]].}}
 |[[Nicaragua]]
 |[[Panama]]
 }}

 * بيليز * ڪوسٽا ريڪا * ايل سلواڊور * گٽيمالا * هونڊرس * ميڪسيڪو * نڪروگا * پاناما
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[Dependent territory|External]] (1)
 |[[Clipperton Island]]{{efn|One of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[France]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of administrative divisions by country|Internal]] (2)
 |[[Valle del Cauca]], [[Malpelo Island]]{{efn|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[Colombia]])
 |[[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina]]{{efn|Comprising two remote [[archipelago|island groups]] off the coast of Central America.}} ([[Colombia]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of territorial disputes|Disputed]] (2)
 | [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Jamaica]] and the [[United States]].}}
 |[[Serranilla Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Honduras]], [[Jamaica]], and the United States.}}
 }}
 خارجي: ڪلپرٽن ٻيٽ (فرانس) # اندروني: * ويل ڊيل ڪاڪا، مالپيلو (ڪولمبيا) * آرڪيپيلاگو آف سان اينڊرس، پروويڊينيا ۽ سانتا ڪيٽيلينا (ڪولمبيا) # تڪراري: * باجو نيوو بئنڪ * Serranilla بئنڪ.
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Central American Spanish|Spanish]] 
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Mayan languages|Mayan]]
* [[Miskito language|Miskito]]
* [[Garifuna language|Garifuna]]
* [[Belizean Creole|Kriol]]
* [[Bay Islands English| Bay Island Creole]]
* [[Limonese Creole|Mekatelyu]]
* [[Miskito Coast Creole|Honduran and Nicaraguan Miskito Creole]]
* [[Mesoamerican languages|Others]]
 }}
* اندلسي * انگريزي * مايا * مسڪيٽو * گارفونا * ڪريل * Bay Island Creole * ميڪاٽيليو * هنڊوران ۽ نيڪاراگوان Miskito Creole * ٻيا.
|time = [[UTC−06:00]] to [[UTC−05:00]]
|cities = {{Unbulleted list
|[[Guatemala City]]&lt;!--1,104,890--&gt;
| [[San Salvador]] &lt;!--2,000,000--&gt;
|[[Managua]]&lt;!--2,201,000--&gt;
| [[Tegucigalpa]]&lt;!--1,126,534--&gt;
| [[Panama City]]&lt;!--880,691--&gt;&lt;!--540,898--&gt;
| [[San Pedro Sula]]&lt;!--538,101--&gt;
| [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]&lt;!--347,281--&gt;
| [[San Miguelito District|San Miguelito]]&lt;!--293,745--&gt;
| [[Santa Ana, El Salvador|Santa Ana]]&lt;!--245,241--&gt;
| [[San Miguel, El Salvador|San Miguel]]&lt;!--221,783--&gt;
 }}
* گوئٽي مالا سٽي * سان سلواڊور * منگوا * Tegucigalpa * پاناما شهر * سان پيڊرو سولا * سان جوس * سان مگيوليٽو * سانتا انا * سان ميگيل.
|m49 = UN M49 ڪوڊ: * وچ آمريڪا 
* لاطيني آمريڪا ڪيريبين * آمريڪا * دنيا 


&lt;code&gt;013&lt;/code&gt; – Central America&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – World
}}

وچ  آمريڪا جو گهڻو حصو اسٿمو-ڪولمبيا (Isthmo-Colombian) جي ثقافتي علائقي هيٺ اچي ٿو. ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس جي اسپيني سفر کان اڳ آمريڪا ڏانهن سفر ڪيو، سوين مقامي ماڻهن هن علائقي ۾ پنهنجا گهر ٺاهيا. 1502ع کان پوءِ، اسپين پنهنجي نوآبادي شروع ڪئي. 1609ع کان 1821ع تائين، وچ آمريڪي علائقن جي اڪثريت (سواءِ ان جي جيڪو بيليز ۽ پاناما بڻجي ويندو ۽ جديد ميڪسيڪو رياست چياپاس سميت) تي ميڪسيڪو سٽي کان نيو اسپين جي وائسرايلٽي گوئٽي مالا جي ڪئپٽنسي جنرل جي حيثيت سان حڪومت ڪئي. 24 آگسٽ 1821ع تي، اسپيني وائسراءِ جوآن ڊي او ڊونوجو ڪورڊوبا جي معاهدي تي دستخط ڪيا.

Most of Central America falls under the [[Isthmo-Colombian Area|Isthmo-Colombian]] cultural area. Before the Spanish expedition of [[Christopher Columbus]]' voyages to the [[Americas]], hundreds of indigenous peoples made their homes in the area. From the year 1502 onwards, Spain began their [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|colonization]]. From 1609 to 1821, the majority of Central American territories (except for what would become Belize and Panama and including the modern Mexican state of [[Chiapas]]) were governed by the viceroyalty of [[New Spain]] from [[Mexico City]] as the [[Captaincy General of Guatemala]]. On 24 August 1821, Spanish Viceroy [[Juan O'Donojú|Juan de O'Donojú]] signed the [[Treaty of Córdoba]], which established New Spain's independence and autonomy from mainland Spain.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/spain-accepts-mexican-independence|title=Spain accepts Mexican independence|website=HISTORY|date=9 February 2010 |language=en|access-date=2019-06-03}}&lt;/ref&gt; On 15 September, the [[Act of Independence of Central America]] was enacted to announce Central America's separation from the [[Spanish Empire]]. Some of New Spain's provinces in the Central American region were invaded and annexed to the [[First Mexican Empire]]; however in 1823 they seceded from Mexico to form the [[Federal Republic of Central America]] until 1838.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ribeiro|first=Pedro Freire|title=Raízes do pensamento político da América Espanhola, 1780–1826|date=1995|publisher=Editora da Universidade Federal Fluminense|isbn=85-228-0146-0|location=Niterói, RJ|oclc=35578070}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1838, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua became the first of Central America's seven states to become independent countries, followed by El Salvador in 1841, Panama in 1903, and Belize in 1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/countries/belize|title=A Guide to the United States'History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consumer Relations, by Country, since 1776: Belize|website=Office of The Historian|language=en|access-date=2021-02-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Despite the dissolution of the [[Federal Republic of Central America]], the five remaining countries, save for Panama and Belize, all preserved and maintained a Central American identity.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF135.html Demographic Diversity and Change in the Central American Isthmus]. Pebley, Anne R. and Luis Rosero-Bixby, eds., Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1997. Also available in print form.&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[list of countries and territories where Spanish is an official language|Spanish-speaking countries]] officially include both North America and [[South America]] as a single continent, {{Lang|es|[[Americas|América]]}}, which is split into four subregions: Central America, [[Caribbean|The Caribbean]] (a.k.a. the [[West Indies]]), North America ([[Mexico]] and [[Northern America]]), and South America.

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:جاگرافي]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]</text>
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      <id>321529</id>
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      <timestamp>2025-07-04T07:30:54Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="10419" sha1="mk9c5vq4kh6s9xzyivmjgbc3g7blphu" xml:space="preserve">'''وچ آمريڪا''' (Central America) [[اتر آمريڪا]] جو هڪ ذيلي علائقو آهي. ان جون سياسي حدون اتر ۾ [[ميڪسيڪو]]، ڏکڻ اوڀر ۾ [[ڏکڻ آمريڪا]] جو ملڪ [[ڪولمبيا]] اوڀر ۾ [[ڪيريبيئن علائقو|ڪيريبئن علائقي]] ۽ ڏکڻ اولهه ۾ [[پيسيفڪ سمنڊ|پئسيفڪ سمنڊ]] سان ملندڙ سرحدن جي طور تي بيان ڪيون ويون آهن. وچ آمريڪا جي علائقي کي عام طور تي ست ملڪن؛ [[بيليز]]، [[ڪوسٽا ريڪا]]، [[ايل سيلويڊور]]، [[گواتيمالا|گوئٽي مالا]]، [[هونڊورس]]، [[نڪاراگوا]] ۽ [[پاناما]] تي مشتمل طور بيان ڪيو ويندو آهي. وچ آمريڪا ميسوامريڪن [[نوع (حياتيات)|حياتياتي تنوع]] جو خاص مرڪز، جيڪو ڏکڻ ميڪسيڪو کان ڏکڻ اوڀر پاناما تائين پکڙيل آهي. وچ آمريڪا ۾ ڪيترن ئي فعال ارضياتي رفٽن (active geological faults) ۽ آتش فشاني قوسن (Volcanic arcs) جي موجودگي جي ڪري، علائقي ۾ ڌرتي ۾ لھه وڇڙ جي سرگرميون (seismic activities)، جهڙوڪ آتش فشاني ڦاٽون (Volcanic eruption) ۽ زلزلا وڏي تعداد ۾ ٿينديون آهن، جن جي نتيجي ۾ جاني ۽ مالي نقصان (موتون، زخمي ٿيڻ ۽  ملڪيتن) کي نقصان پهتو آهي.

==تفص==
{{Short description|Subregion of North America}}

{{Infobox Continent
|title = وچ آمريڪا &lt;br&gt;
Central America
|image = Central America (configurable orthographic projection).svg
|area = چورس ڪلوميٽر (اسڪوائر ميل)
523780 square kilometers 
(400000 sq mile)&lt;ref name=&quot;Area&quot;&gt;
{{Cite web|title= Geography Statistics of Central America |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/camerica/camlandst.htm|publisher=WorldAtlas|access-date=2025-06-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population = غير جانبدار وڌا * 

 52,700,000 (2023)
{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}
|density = 52700000÷
523780
في چورس ڪلوميٽر
(2023)
|demonym = Central American
وچ آمريڪا
{{efn|{{langx|es|centroamericano}}}}
|GDP_PPP = 738.8 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر
 (2023)
|GDP_nominal = 362.62
 billion
US dollars 
 ([[exchange rate]]) (2023)
|GDP_per_capita = $6,880 (exchange rate) (2023)&lt;br /&gt;$14,019 ([[purchasing power parity|PPP]]) (2023)
|countries = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[#Definitions|7–8]]
 |[[Belize]]
 |[[Costa Rica]]{{efn|Including [[Cocos Island]], one of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].}}
 |[[El Salvador]]
 |[[Guatemala]]
 |[[Honduras]]
 |[[Mexico]]{{efn|The [[United Nations geoscheme]] includes [[Mexico]] in Central America, but the country is not universally considered to be a part of Central America among other [[list of geographical societies|geographical societies]].}}
 |[[Nicaragua]]
 |[[Panama]]
 }}
 * بيليز * ڪوسٽا ريڪا * ايل سلواڊور * گٽيمالا * هونڊرس * ميڪسيڪو * نڪروگا * پاناما
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[Dependent territory|External]] (1)
 |[[Clipperton Island]]{{efn|One of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[France]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of administrative divisions by country|Internal]] (2)
 |[[Valle del Cauca]], [[Malpelo Island]]{{efn|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[Colombia]])
 |[[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina]]{{efn|Comprising two remote [[archipelago|island groups]] off the coast of Central America.}} ([[Colombia]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of territorial disputes|Disputed]] (2)
 | [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Jamaica]] and the [[United States]].}}
 |[[Serranilla Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Honduras]], [[Jamaica]], and the United States.}}
 }}
 خارجي: ڪلپرٽن ٻيٽ (فرانس) # اندروني: * ويل ڊيل ڪاڪا، مالپيلو (ڪولمبيا) * آرڪيپيلاگو آف سان اينڊرس، پروويڊينيا ۽ سانتا ڪيٽيلينا (ڪولمبيا) # تڪراري: * باجو نيوو بئنڪ * Serranilla بئنڪ.
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Central American Spanish|Spanish]] 
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Mayan languages|Mayan]]
* [[Miskito language|Miskito]]
* [[Garifuna language|Garifuna]]
* [[Belizean Creole|Kriol]]
* [[Bay Islands English| Bay Island Creole]]
* [[Limonese Creole|Mekatelyu]]
* [[Miskito Coast Creole|Honduran and Nicaraguan Miskito Creole]]
* [[Mesoamerican languages|Others]]
 }}
* اندلسي * انگريزي * مايا * مسڪيٽو * گارفونا * ڪريل * Bay Island Creole * ميڪاٽيليو * هنڊوران ۽ نيڪاراگوان Miskito Creole * ٻيا.
|time = [[UTC−06:00]] to [[UTC−05:00]]
|cities = {{Unbulleted list
|[[Guatemala City]]&lt;!--1,104,890--&gt;
| [[San Salvador]] &lt;!--2,000,000--&gt;
|[[Managua]]&lt;!--2,201,000--&gt;
| [[Tegucigalpa]]&lt;!--1,126,534--&gt;
| [[Panama City]]&lt;!--880,691--&gt;&lt;!--540,898--&gt;
| [[San Pedro Sula]]&lt;!--538,101--&gt;
| [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]&lt;!--347,281--&gt;
| [[San Miguelito District|San Miguelito]]&lt;!--293,745--&gt;
| [[Santa Ana, El Salvador|Santa Ana]]&lt;!--245,241--&gt;
| [[San Miguel, El Salvador|San Miguel]]&lt;!--221,783--&gt;
 }}
* گوئٽي مالا سٽي * سان سلواڊور * منگوا * Tegucigalpa * پاناما شهر * سان پيڊرو سولا * سان جوس * سان مگيوليٽو * سانتا انا * سان ميگيل.
|m49 = UN M49 ڪوڊ: * وچ آمريڪا 
* لاطيني آمريڪا ڪيريبين * آمريڪا * دنيا 


&lt;code&gt;013&lt;/code&gt; – Central America&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – World
}}

==تفصيل==

وچ  آمريڪا جو گهڻو حصو اسٿمو-ڪولمبيا (Isthmo-Colombian) جي ثقافتي علائقي هيٺ اچي ٿو. ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس جي اسپيني سفر کان اڳ آمريڪا ڏانهن سفر ڪيو، سوين مقامي ماڻهن هن علائقي ۾ پنهنجا گهر ٺاهيا. 1502ع کان پوءِ، اسپين پنهنجي نوآبادي شروع ڪئي. 1609ع کان 1821ع تائين، وچ آمريڪي علائقن جي اڪثريت (سواءِ ان جي جيڪو بيليز ۽ پاناما بڻجي ويندو ۽ جديد ميڪسيڪو رياست چياپاس سميت) تي ميڪسيڪو سٽي کان نيو اسپين جي وائسرايلٽي گوئٽي مالا جي ڪئپٽنسي جنرل جي حيثيت سان حڪومت ڪئي. 24 آگسٽ 1821ع تي، اسپيني وائسراءِ جوآن ڊي او ڊونوجو ڪورڊوبا جي معاهدي تي دستخط ڪيا.

Most of Central America falls under the [[Isthmo-Colombian Area|Isthmo-Colombian]] cultural area. Before the Spanish expedition of [[Christopher Columbus]]' voyages to the [[Americas]], hundreds of indigenous peoples made their homes in the area. From the year 1502 onwards, Spain began their [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|colonization]]. From 1609 to 1821, the majority of Central American territories (except for what would become Belize and Panama and including the modern Mexican state of [[Chiapas]]) were governed by the viceroyalty of [[New Spain]] from [[Mexico City]] as the [[Captaincy General of Guatemala]]. On 24 August 1821, Spanish Viceroy [[Juan O'Donojú|Juan de O'Donojú]] signed the [[Treaty of Córdoba]], which established New Spain's independence and autonomy from mainland Spain.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/spain-accepts-mexican-independence|title=Spain accepts Mexican independence|website=HISTORY|date=9 February 2010 |language=en|access-date=2019-06-03}}&lt;/ref&gt; On 15 September, the [[Act of Independence of Central America]] was enacted to announce Central America's separation from the [[Spanish Empire]]. Some of New Spain's provinces in the Central American region were invaded and annexed to the [[First Mexican Empire]]; however in 1823 they seceded from Mexico to form the [[Federal Republic of Central America]] until 1838.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ribeiro|first=Pedro Freire|title=Raízes do pensamento político da América Espanhola, 1780–1826|date=1995|publisher=Editora da Universidade Federal Fluminense|isbn=85-228-0146-0|location=Niterói, RJ|oclc=35578070}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1838, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua became the first of Central America's seven states to become independent countries, followed by El Salvador in 1841, Panama in 1903, and Belize in 1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/countries/belize|title=A Guide to the United States'History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consumer Relations, by Country, since 1776: Belize|website=Office of The Historian|language=en|access-date=2021-02-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Despite the dissolution of the [[Federal Republic of Central America]], the five remaining countries, save for Panama and Belize, all preserved and maintained a Central American identity.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF135.html Demographic Diversity and Change in the Central American Isthmus]. Pebley, Anne R. and Luis Rosero-Bixby, eds., Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1997. Also available in print form.&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[list of countries and territories where Spanish is an official language|Spanish-speaking countries]] officially include both North America and [[South America]] as a single continent, {{Lang|es|[[Americas|América]]}}, which is split into four subregions: Central America, [[Caribbean|The Caribbean]] (a.k.a. the [[West Indies]]), North America ([[Mexico]] and [[Northern America]]), and South America.

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:جاگرافي]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]</text>
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      <text bytes="15171" sha1="0lo9k9xuheg1wcuf9rbgb315mza6ufe" xml:space="preserve">==تفص==
{{Short description|Subregion of North America}}

{{Infobox Continent
|title = وچ آمريڪا &lt;br&gt;
Central America
|image = Central America (configurable orthographic projection).svg
|area = چورس ڪلوميٽر (اسڪوائر ميل)
523780 square kilometers 
(400000 sq mile)&lt;ref name=&quot;Area&quot;&gt;
{{Cite web|title= Geography Statistics of Central America |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/camerica/camlandst.htm|publisher=WorldAtlas|access-date=2025-06-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population = غير جانبدار وڌا * 

 52,700,000 (2023)
{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}
|density = 52700000÷
523780
في چورس ڪلوميٽر
(2023)
|demonym = Central American
وچ آمريڪا
{{efn|{{langx|es|centroamericano}}}}
|GDP_PPP = 738.8 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر
 (2023)
|GDP_nominal = 362.62
 billion
US dollars 
 ([[exchange rate]]) (2023)
|GDP_per_capita = $6,880 (exchange rate) (2023)&lt;br /&gt;$14,019 ([[purchasing power parity|PPP]]) (2023)
|countries = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[#Definitions|7–8]]
 |[[Belize]]
 |[[Costa Rica]]{{efn|Including [[Cocos Island]], one of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].}}
 |[[El Salvador]]
 |[[Guatemala]]
 |[[Honduras]]
 |[[Mexico]]{{efn|The [[United Nations geoscheme]] includes [[Mexico]] in Central America, but the country is not universally considered to be a part of Central America among other [[list of geographical societies|geographical societies]].}}
 |[[Nicaragua]]
 |[[Panama]]
 }}
 * بيليز * ڪوسٽا ريڪا * ايل سلواڊور * گٽيمالا * هونڊرس * ميڪسيڪو * نڪروگا * پاناما
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[Dependent territory|External]] (1)
 |[[Clipperton Island]]{{efn|One of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[France]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of administrative divisions by country|Internal]] (2)
 |[[Valle del Cauca]], [[Malpelo Island]]{{efn|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[Colombia]])
 |[[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina]]{{efn|Comprising two remote [[archipelago|island groups]] off the coast of Central America.}} ([[Colombia]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of territorial disputes|Disputed]] (2)
 | [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Jamaica]] and the [[United States]].}}
 |[[Serranilla Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Honduras]], [[Jamaica]], and the United States.}}
 }}
 خارجي: ڪلپرٽن ٻيٽ (فرانس) # اندروني: * ويل ڊيل ڪاڪا، مالپيلو (ڪولمبيا) * آرڪيپيلاگو آف سان اينڊرس، پروويڊينيا ۽ سانتا ڪيٽيلينا (ڪولمبيا) # تڪراري: * باجو نيوو بئنڪ * Serranilla بئنڪ.
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Central American Spanish|Spanish]] 
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Mayan languages|Mayan]]
* [[Miskito language|Miskito]]
* [[Garifuna language|Garifuna]]
* [[Belizean Creole|Kriol]]
* [[Bay Islands English| Bay Island Creole]]
* [[Limonese Creole|Mekatelyu]]
* [[Miskito Coast Creole|Honduran and Nicaraguan Miskito Creole]]
* [[Mesoamerican languages|Others]]
 }}
* اندلسي * انگريزي * مايا * مسڪيٽو * گارفونا * ڪريل * Bay Island Creole * ميڪاٽيليو * هنڊوران ۽ نيڪاراگوان Miskito Creole * ٻيا.
|time = [[UTC−06:00]] to [[UTC−05:00]]
|cities = {{Unbulleted list
|[[Guatemala City]]&lt;!--1,104,890--&gt;
| [[San Salvador]] &lt;!--2,000,000--&gt;
|[[Managua]]&lt;!--2,201,000--&gt;
| [[Tegucigalpa]]&lt;!--1,126,534--&gt;
| [[Panama City]]&lt;!--880,691--&gt;&lt;!--540,898--&gt;
| [[San Pedro Sula]]&lt;!--538,101--&gt;
| [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]&lt;!--347,281--&gt;
| [[San Miguelito District|San Miguelito]]&lt;!--293,745--&gt;
| [[Santa Ana, El Salvador|Santa Ana]]&lt;!--245,241--&gt;
| [[San Miguel, El Salvador|San Miguel]]&lt;!--221,783--&gt;
 }}
* گوئٽي مالا سٽي * سان سلواڊور * منگوا * Tegucigalpa * پاناما شهر * سان پيڊرو سولا * سان جوس * سان مگيوليٽو * سانتا انا * سان ميگيل.
|m49 = UN M49 ڪوڊ: * وچ آمريڪا 
* لاطيني آمريڪا ڪيريبين * آمريڪا * دنيا 
&lt;code&gt;013&lt;/code&gt; – Central America&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – World
}}
'''وچ آمريڪا''' (Central America) [[اتر آمريڪا]] جو هڪ ذيلي علائقو آهي. ان جون سياسي حدون اتر ۾ [[ميڪسيڪو]]، ڏکڻ اوڀر ۾ [[ڏکڻ آمريڪا]] جو ملڪ [[ڪولمبيا]] اوڀر ۾ [[ڪيريبيئن علائقو|ڪيريبئن علائقي]] ۽ ڏکڻ اولهه ۾ [[پيسيفڪ سمنڊ|پئسيفڪ سمنڊ]] سان ملندڙ سرحدن جي طور تي بيان ڪيون ويون آهن. وچ آمريڪا جي علائقي کي عام طور تي ست ملڪن؛ [[بيليز]]، [[ڪوسٽا ريڪا]]، [[ايل سيلويڊور]]، [[گواتيمالا|گوئٽي مالا]]، [[هونڊورس]]، [[نڪاراگوا]] ۽ [[پاناما]] تي مشتمل طور بيان ڪيو ويندو آهي. وچ آمريڪا ميسوامريڪن [[نوع (حياتيات)|حياتياتي تنوع]] جو خاص مرڪز، جيڪو ڏکڻ ميڪسيڪو کان ڏکڻ اوڀر پاناما تائين پکڙيل آهي. وچ آمريڪا ۾ ڪيترن ئي فعال ارضياتي رفٽن (active geological faults) ۽ آتش فشاني قوسن (Volcanic arcs) جي موجودگي جي ڪري، علائقي ۾ ڌرتي ۾ لھه وڇڙ جي سرگرميون (seismic activities)، جهڙوڪ آتش فشاني ڦاٽون (Volcanic eruption) ۽ زلزلا وڏي تعداد ۾ ٿينديون آهن، جن جي نتيجي ۾ جاني ۽ مالي نقصان (موتون، زخمي ٿيڻ ۽  ملڪيتن) کي نقصان پهتو آهي.

==تفص==
{{Short description|Subregion of North America}}

{{Infobox Continent
|title = وچ آمريڪا &lt;br&gt;
Central America
|image = Central America (configurable orthographic projection).svg
|area = چورس ڪلوميٽر (اسڪوائر ميل)
523780 square kilometers 
(400000 sq mile)&lt;ref name=&quot;Area&quot;&gt;
{{Cite web|title= Geography Statistics of Central America |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/camerica/camlandst.htm|publisher=WorldAtlas|access-date=2025-06-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population = غير جانبدار وڌا * 

 52,700,000 (2023)
{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}
|density = 52700000÷
523780
في چورس ڪلوميٽر
(2023)
|demonym = Central American
وچ آمريڪا
{{efn|{{langx|es|centroamericano}}}}
|GDP_PPP = 738.8 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر
 (2023)
|GDP_nominal = 362.62
 billion
US dollars 
 ([[exchange rate]]) (2023)
|GDP_per_capita = $6,880 (exchange rate) (2023)&lt;br /&gt;$14,019 ([[purchasing power parity|PPP]]) (2023)
|countries = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[#Definitions|7–8]]
 |[[Belize]]
 |[[Costa Rica]]{{efn|Including [[Cocos Island]], one of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].}}
 |[[El Salvador]]
 |[[Guatemala]]
 |[[Honduras]]
 |[[Mexico]]{{efn|The [[United Nations geoscheme]] includes [[Mexico]] in Central America, but the country is not universally considered to be a part of Central America among other [[list of geographical societies|geographical societies]].}}
 |[[Nicaragua]]
 |[[Panama]]
 }}
 * بيليز * ڪوسٽا ريڪا * ايل سلواڊور * گٽيمالا * هونڊرس * ميڪسيڪو * نڪروگا * پاناما
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[Dependent territory|External]] (1)
 |[[Clipperton Island]]{{efn|One of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[France]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of administrative divisions by country|Internal]] (2)
 |[[Valle del Cauca]], [[Malpelo Island]]{{efn|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[Colombia]])
 |[[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina]]{{efn|Comprising two remote [[archipelago|island groups]] off the coast of Central America.}} ([[Colombia]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of territorial disputes|Disputed]] (2)
 | [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Jamaica]] and the [[United States]].}}
 |[[Serranilla Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Honduras]], [[Jamaica]], and the United States.}}
 }}
 خارجي: ڪلپرٽن ٻيٽ (فرانس) # اندروني: * ويل ڊيل ڪاڪا، مالپيلو (ڪولمبيا) * آرڪيپيلاگو آف سان اينڊرس، پروويڊينيا ۽ سانتا ڪيٽيلينا (ڪولمبيا) # تڪراري: * باجو نيوو بئنڪ * Serranilla بئنڪ.
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Central American Spanish|Spanish]] 
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Mayan languages|Mayan]]
* [[Miskito language|Miskito]]
* [[Garifuna language|Garifuna]]
* [[Belizean Creole|Kriol]]
* [[Bay Islands English| Bay Island Creole]]
* [[Limonese Creole|Mekatelyu]]
* [[Miskito Coast Creole|Honduran and Nicaraguan Miskito Creole]]
* [[Mesoamerican languages|Others]]
 }}
* اندلسي * انگريزي * مايا * مسڪيٽو * گارفونا * ڪريل * Bay Island Creole * ميڪاٽيليو * هنڊوران ۽ نيڪاراگوان Miskito Creole * ٻيا.
|time = [[UTC−06:00]] to [[UTC−05:00]]
|cities = {{Unbulleted list
|[[Guatemala City]]&lt;!--1,104,890--&gt;
| [[San Salvador]] &lt;!--2,000,000--&gt;
|[[Managua]]&lt;!--2,201,000--&gt;
| [[Tegucigalpa]]&lt;!--1,126,534--&gt;
| [[Panama City]]&lt;!--880,691--&gt;&lt;!--540,898--&gt;
| [[San Pedro Sula]]&lt;!--538,101--&gt;
| [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]&lt;!--347,281--&gt;
| [[San Miguelito District|San Miguelito]]&lt;!--293,745--&gt;
| [[Santa Ana, El Salvador|Santa Ana]]&lt;!--245,241--&gt;
| [[San Miguel, El Salvador|San Miguel]]&lt;!--221,783--&gt;
 }}
* گوئٽي مالا سٽي * سان سلواڊور * منگوا * Tegucigalpa * پاناما شهر * سان پيڊرو سولا * سان جوس * سان مگيوليٽو * سانتا انا * سان ميگيل.
|m49 = UN M49 ڪوڊ: * وچ آمريڪا 
* لاطيني آمريڪا ڪيريبين * آمريڪا * دنيا 


&lt;code&gt;013&lt;/code&gt; – Central America&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – World
}}

==تفصيل==

وچ  آمريڪا جو گهڻو حصو اسٿمو-ڪولمبيا (Isthmo-Colombian) جي ثقافتي علائقي هيٺ اچي ٿو. ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس جي اسپيني سفر کان اڳ آمريڪا ڏانهن سفر ڪيو، سوين مقامي ماڻهن هن علائقي ۾ پنهنجا گهر ٺاهيا. 1502ع کان پوءِ، اسپين پنهنجي نوآبادي شروع ڪئي. 1609ع کان 1821ع تائين، وچ آمريڪي علائقن جي اڪثريت (سواءِ ان جي جيڪو بيليز ۽ پاناما بڻجي ويندو ۽ جديد ميڪسيڪو رياست چياپاس سميت) تي ميڪسيڪو سٽي کان نيو اسپين جي وائسرايلٽي گوئٽي مالا جي ڪئپٽنسي جنرل جي حيثيت سان حڪومت ڪئي. 24 آگسٽ 1821ع تي، اسپيني وائسراءِ جوآن ڊي او ڊونوجو ڪورڊوبا جي معاهدي تي دستخط ڪيا.

Most of Central America falls under the [[Isthmo-Colombian Area|Isthmo-Colombian]] cultural area. Before the Spanish expedition of [[Christopher Columbus]]' voyages to the [[Americas]], hundreds of indigenous peoples made their homes in the area. From the year 1502 onwards, Spain began their [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|colonization]]. From 1609 to 1821, the majority of Central American territories (except for what would become Belize and Panama and including the modern Mexican state of [[Chiapas]]) were governed by the viceroyalty of [[New Spain]] from [[Mexico City]] as the [[Captaincy General of Guatemala]]. On 24 August 1821, Spanish Viceroy [[Juan O'Donojú|Juan de O'Donojú]] signed the [[Treaty of Córdoba]], which established New Spain's independence and autonomy from mainland Spain.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/spain-accepts-mexican-independence|title=Spain accepts Mexican independence|website=HISTORY|date=9 February 2010 |language=en|access-date=2019-06-03}}&lt;/ref&gt; On 15 September, the [[Act of Independence of Central America]] was enacted to announce Central America's separation from the [[Spanish Empire]]. Some of New Spain's provinces in the Central American region were invaded and annexed to the [[First Mexican Empire]]; however in 1823 they seceded from Mexico to form the [[Federal Republic of Central America]] until 1838.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ribeiro|first=Pedro Freire|title=Raízes do pensamento político da América Espanhola, 1780–1826|date=1995|publisher=Editora da Universidade Federal Fluminense|isbn=85-228-0146-0|location=Niterói, RJ|oclc=35578070}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1838, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua became the first of Central America's seven states to become independent countries, followed by El Salvador in 1841, Panama in 1903, and Belize in 1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/countries/belize|title=A Guide to the United States'History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consumer Relations, by Country, since 1776: Belize|website=Office of The Historian|language=en|access-date=2021-02-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Despite the dissolution of the [[Federal Republic of Central America]], the five remaining countries, save for Panama and Belize, all preserved and maintained a Central American identity.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF135.html Demographic Diversity and Change in the Central American Isthmus]. Pebley, Anne R. and Luis Rosero-Bixby, eds., Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1997. Also available in print form.&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[list of countries and territories where Spanish is an official language|Spanish-speaking countries]] officially include both North America and [[South America]] as a single continent, {{Lang|es|[[Americas|América]]}}, which is split into four subregions: Central America, [[Caribbean|The Caribbean]] (a.k.a. the [[West Indies]]), North America ([[Mexico]] and [[Northern America]]), and South America.

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:جاگرافي]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>321532</id>
      <parentid>321530</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-07-04T07:37:18Z</timestamp>
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        <id>18012</id>
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      <text bytes="15046" sha1="7ftkklqv1wy10z2b8mtj2fboun5bph8" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Subregion of North America}}
{{Infobox Continent
|title = وچ آمريڪا&lt;br&gt;
Central America
|image = Central America (configurable orthographic projection).svg
|area = 523780 چورس ڪلوميٽر (400000 چورس ميل)&lt;ref name=&quot;Area&quot;&gt;
{{Cite web|title= Geography Statistics of Central America |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/camerica/camlandst.htm|publisher=WorldAtlas|access-date=2025-06-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population =  52,700,000 (2023) (غير جانبدار وڌا)
|density = 52700000/523780 في چورس ڪلوميٽر (2023)
|demonym = وچ آمريڪا ( :centroamericano)
|GDP_PPP = 738.8 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر
 (2023)
|GDP_nominal = 362.62
 billion
US dollars 
 ([[exchange rate]]) (2023)
|GDP_per_capita = $6,880 (exchange rate) (2023)&lt;br /&gt;$14,019 ([[purchasing power parity|PPP]]) (2023)
|countries = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[#Definitions|7–8]]
 |[[Belize]]
 |[[Costa Rica]]{{efn|Including [[Cocos Island]], one of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].}}
 |[[El Salvador]]
 |[[Guatemala]]
 |[[Honduras]]
 |[[Mexico]]{{efn|The [[United Nations geoscheme]] includes [[Mexico]] in Central America, but the country is not universally considered to be a part of Central America among other [[list of geographical societies|geographical societies]].}}
 |[[Nicaragua]]
 |[[Panama]]
 }}
 * بيليز * ڪوسٽا ريڪا * ايل سلواڊور * گٽيمالا * هونڊرس * ميڪسيڪو * نڪروگا * پاناما
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[Dependent territory|External]] (1)
 |[[Clipperton Island]]{{efn|One of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[France]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of administrative divisions by country|Internal]] (2)
 |[[Valle del Cauca]], [[Malpelo Island]]{{efn|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[Colombia]])
 |[[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina]]{{efn|Comprising two remote [[archipelago|island groups]] off the coast of Central America.}} ([[Colombia]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of territorial disputes|Disputed]] (2)
 | [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Jamaica]] and the [[United States]].}}
 |[[Serranilla Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Honduras]], [[Jamaica]], and the United States.}}
 }}
 خارجي: ڪلپرٽن ٻيٽ (فرانس) # اندروني: * ويل ڊيل ڪاڪا، مالپيلو (ڪولمبيا) * آرڪيپيلاگو آف سان اينڊرس، پروويڊينيا ۽ سانتا ڪيٽيلينا (ڪولمبيا) # تڪراري: * باجو نيوو بئنڪ * Serranilla بئنڪ.
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Central American Spanish|Spanish]] 
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Mayan languages|Mayan]]
* [[Miskito language|Miskito]]
* [[Garifuna language|Garifuna]]
* [[Belizean Creole|Kriol]]
* [[Bay Islands English| Bay Island Creole]]
* [[Limonese Creole|Mekatelyu]]
* [[Miskito Coast Creole|Honduran and Nicaraguan Miskito Creole]]
* [[Mesoamerican languages|Others]]
 }}
* اندلسي * انگريزي * مايا * مسڪيٽو * گارفونا * ڪريل * Bay Island Creole * ميڪاٽيليو * هنڊوران ۽ نيڪاراگوان Miskito Creole * ٻيا.
|time = [[UTC−06:00]] to [[UTC−05:00]]
|cities = {{Unbulleted list
|[[Guatemala City]]&lt;!--1,104,890--&gt;
| [[San Salvador]] &lt;!--2,000,000--&gt;
|[[Managua]]&lt;!--2,201,000--&gt;
| [[Tegucigalpa]]&lt;!--1,126,534--&gt;
| [[Panama City]]&lt;!--880,691--&gt;&lt;!--540,898--&gt;
| [[San Pedro Sula]]&lt;!--538,101--&gt;
| [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]&lt;!--347,281--&gt;
| [[San Miguelito District|San Miguelito]]&lt;!--293,745--&gt;
| [[Santa Ana, El Salvador|Santa Ana]]&lt;!--245,241--&gt;
| [[San Miguel, El Salvador|San Miguel]]&lt;!--221,783--&gt;
 }}
* گوئٽي مالا سٽي * سان سلواڊور * منگوا * Tegucigalpa * پاناما شهر * سان پيڊرو سولا * سان جوس * سان مگيوليٽو * سانتا انا * سان ميگيل.
|m49 = UN M49 ڪوڊ: * وچ آمريڪا 
* لاطيني آمريڪا ڪيريبين * آمريڪا * دنيا 
&lt;code&gt;013&lt;/code&gt; – Central America&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – World
}}
'''وچ آمريڪا''' (Central America) [[اتر آمريڪا]] جو هڪ ذيلي علائقو آهي. ان جون سياسي حدون اتر ۾ [[ميڪسيڪو]]، ڏکڻ اوڀر ۾ [[ڏکڻ آمريڪا]] جو ملڪ [[ڪولمبيا]] اوڀر ۾ [[ڪيريبيئن علائقو|ڪيريبئن علائقي]] ۽ ڏکڻ اولهه ۾ [[پيسيفڪ سمنڊ|پئسيفڪ سمنڊ]] سان ملندڙ سرحدن جي طور تي بيان ڪيون ويون آهن. وچ آمريڪا جي علائقي کي عام طور تي ست ملڪن؛ [[بيليز]]، [[ڪوسٽا ريڪا]]، [[ايل سيلويڊور]]، [[گواتيمالا|گوئٽي مالا]]، [[هونڊورس]]، [[نڪاراگوا]] ۽ [[پاناما]] تي مشتمل طور بيان ڪيو ويندو آهي. وچ آمريڪا ميسوامريڪن [[نوع (حياتيات)|حياتياتي تنوع]] جو خاص مرڪز، جيڪو ڏکڻ ميڪسيڪو کان ڏکڻ اوڀر پاناما تائين پکڙيل آهي. وچ آمريڪا ۾ ڪيترن ئي فعال ارضياتي رفٽن (active geological faults) ۽ آتش فشاني قوسن (Volcanic arcs) جي موجودگي جي ڪري، علائقي ۾ ڌرتي ۾ لھه وڇڙ جي سرگرميون (seismic activities)، جهڙوڪ آتش فشاني ڦاٽون (Volcanic eruption) ۽ زلزلا وڏي تعداد ۾ ٿينديون آهن، جن جي نتيجي ۾ جاني ۽ مالي نقصان (موتون، زخمي ٿيڻ ۽  ملڪيتن) کي نقصان پهتو آهي.

==تفص==
{{Short description|Subregion of North America}}

{{Infobox Continent
|title = وچ آمريڪا &lt;br&gt;
Central America
|image = Central America (configurable orthographic projection).svg
|area = چورس ڪلوميٽر (اسڪوائر ميل)
523780 square kilometers 
(400000 sq mile)&lt;ref name=&quot;Area&quot;&gt;
{{Cite web|title= Geography Statistics of Central America |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/camerica/camlandst.htm|publisher=WorldAtlas|access-date=2025-06-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population = غير جانبدار وڌا * 

 52,700,000 (2023)
{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}
|density = 52700000÷
523780
في چورس ڪلوميٽر
(2023)
|demonym = Central American
وچ آمريڪا
{{efn|{{langx|es|centroamericano}}}}
|GDP_PPP = 738.8 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر
 (2023)
|GDP_nominal = 362.62
 billion
US dollars 
 ([[exchange rate]]) (2023)
|GDP_per_capita = $6,880 (exchange rate) (2023)&lt;br /&gt;$14,019 ([[purchasing power parity|PPP]]) (2023)
|countries = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[#Definitions|7–8]]
 |[[Belize]]
 |[[Costa Rica]]{{efn|Including [[Cocos Island]], one of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].}}
 |[[El Salvador]]
 |[[Guatemala]]
 |[[Honduras]]
 |[[Mexico]]{{efn|The [[United Nations geoscheme]] includes [[Mexico]] in Central America, but the country is not universally considered to be a part of Central America among other [[list of geographical societies|geographical societies]].}}
 |[[Nicaragua]]
 |[[Panama]]
 }}
 * بيليز * ڪوسٽا ريڪا * ايل سلواڊور * گٽيمالا * هونڊرس * ميڪسيڪو * نڪروگا * پاناما
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[Dependent territory|External]] (1)
 |[[Clipperton Island]]{{efn|One of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[France]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of administrative divisions by country|Internal]] (2)
 |[[Valle del Cauca]], [[Malpelo Island]]{{efn|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[Colombia]])
 |[[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina]]{{efn|Comprising two remote [[archipelago|island groups]] off the coast of Central America.}} ([[Colombia]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of territorial disputes|Disputed]] (2)
 | [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Jamaica]] and the [[United States]].}}
 |[[Serranilla Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Honduras]], [[Jamaica]], and the United States.}}
 }}
 خارجي: ڪلپرٽن ٻيٽ (فرانس) # اندروني: * ويل ڊيل ڪاڪا، مالپيلو (ڪولمبيا) * آرڪيپيلاگو آف سان اينڊرس، پروويڊينيا ۽ سانتا ڪيٽيلينا (ڪولمبيا) # تڪراري: * باجو نيوو بئنڪ * Serranilla بئنڪ.
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Central American Spanish|Spanish]] 
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Mayan languages|Mayan]]
* [[Miskito language|Miskito]]
* [[Garifuna language|Garifuna]]
* [[Belizean Creole|Kriol]]
* [[Bay Islands English| Bay Island Creole]]
* [[Limonese Creole|Mekatelyu]]
* [[Miskito Coast Creole|Honduran and Nicaraguan Miskito Creole]]
* [[Mesoamerican languages|Others]]
 }}
* اندلسي * انگريزي * مايا * مسڪيٽو * گارفونا * ڪريل * Bay Island Creole * ميڪاٽيليو * هنڊوران ۽ نيڪاراگوان Miskito Creole * ٻيا.
|time = [[UTC−06:00]] to [[UTC−05:00]]
|cities = {{Unbulleted list
|[[Guatemala City]]&lt;!--1,104,890--&gt;
| [[San Salvador]] &lt;!--2,000,000--&gt;
|[[Managua]]&lt;!--2,201,000--&gt;
| [[Tegucigalpa]]&lt;!--1,126,534--&gt;
| [[Panama City]]&lt;!--880,691--&gt;&lt;!--540,898--&gt;
| [[San Pedro Sula]]&lt;!--538,101--&gt;
| [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]&lt;!--347,281--&gt;
| [[San Miguelito District|San Miguelito]]&lt;!--293,745--&gt;
| [[Santa Ana, El Salvador|Santa Ana]]&lt;!--245,241--&gt;
| [[San Miguel, El Salvador|San Miguel]]&lt;!--221,783--&gt;
 }}
* گوئٽي مالا سٽي * سان سلواڊور * منگوا * Tegucigalpa * پاناما شهر * سان پيڊرو سولا * سان جوس * سان مگيوليٽو * سانتا انا * سان ميگيل.
|m49 = UN M49 ڪوڊ: * وچ آمريڪا 
* لاطيني آمريڪا ڪيريبين * آمريڪا * دنيا 


&lt;code&gt;013&lt;/code&gt; – Central America&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – World
}}

==تفصيل==

وچ  آمريڪا جو گهڻو حصو اسٿمو-ڪولمبيا (Isthmo-Colombian) جي ثقافتي علائقي هيٺ اچي ٿو. ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس جي اسپيني سفر کان اڳ آمريڪا ڏانهن سفر ڪيو، سوين مقامي ماڻهن هن علائقي ۾ پنهنجا گهر ٺاهيا. 1502ع کان پوءِ، اسپين پنهنجي نوآبادي شروع ڪئي. 1609ع کان 1821ع تائين، وچ آمريڪي علائقن جي اڪثريت (سواءِ ان جي جيڪو بيليز ۽ پاناما بڻجي ويندو ۽ جديد ميڪسيڪو رياست چياپاس سميت) تي ميڪسيڪو سٽي کان نيو اسپين جي وائسرايلٽي گوئٽي مالا جي ڪئپٽنسي جنرل جي حيثيت سان حڪومت ڪئي. 24 آگسٽ 1821ع تي، اسپيني وائسراءِ جوآن ڊي او ڊونوجو ڪورڊوبا جي معاهدي تي دستخط ڪيا.

Most of Central America falls under the [[Isthmo-Colombian Area|Isthmo-Colombian]] cultural area. Before the Spanish expedition of [[Christopher Columbus]]' voyages to the [[Americas]], hundreds of indigenous peoples made their homes in the area. From the year 1502 onwards, Spain began their [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|colonization]]. From 1609 to 1821, the majority of Central American territories (except for what would become Belize and Panama and including the modern Mexican state of [[Chiapas]]) were governed by the viceroyalty of [[New Spain]] from [[Mexico City]] as the [[Captaincy General of Guatemala]]. On 24 August 1821, Spanish Viceroy [[Juan O'Donojú|Juan de O'Donojú]] signed the [[Treaty of Córdoba]], which established New Spain's independence and autonomy from mainland Spain.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/spain-accepts-mexican-independence|title=Spain accepts Mexican independence|website=HISTORY|date=9 February 2010 |language=en|access-date=2019-06-03}}&lt;/ref&gt; On 15 September, the [[Act of Independence of Central America]] was enacted to announce Central America's separation from the [[Spanish Empire]]. Some of New Spain's provinces in the Central American region were invaded and annexed to the [[First Mexican Empire]]; however in 1823 they seceded from Mexico to form the [[Federal Republic of Central America]] until 1838.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ribeiro|first=Pedro Freire|title=Raízes do pensamento político da América Espanhola, 1780–1826|date=1995|publisher=Editora da Universidade Federal Fluminense|isbn=85-228-0146-0|location=Niterói, RJ|oclc=35578070}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1838, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua became the first of Central America's seven states to become independent countries, followed by El Salvador in 1841, Panama in 1903, and Belize in 1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/countries/belize|title=A Guide to the United States'History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consumer Relations, by Country, since 1776: Belize|website=Office of The Historian|language=en|access-date=2021-02-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Despite the dissolution of the [[Federal Republic of Central America]], the five remaining countries, save for Panama and Belize, all preserved and maintained a Central American identity.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF135.html Demographic Diversity and Change in the Central American Isthmus]. Pebley, Anne R. and Luis Rosero-Bixby, eds., Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1997. Also available in print form.&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[list of countries and territories where Spanish is an official language|Spanish-speaking countries]] officially include both North America and [[South America]] as a single continent, {{Lang|es|[[Americas|América]]}}, which is split into four subregions: Central America, [[Caribbean|The Caribbean]] (a.k.a. the [[West Indies]]), North America ([[Mexico]] and [[Northern America]]), and South America.

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:جاگرافي]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]</text>
      <sha1>7ftkklqv1wy10z2b8mtj2fboun5bph8</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>321533</id>
      <parentid>321532</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-07-04T07:41:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Abdullah1601</username>
        <id>18012</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>321533</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="15064" sha1="0trkw6qbn4xvwzxjmwd3z7on2dozunz" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Subregion of North America}}
{{Infobox Continent
|title = وچ آمريڪا&lt;br&gt;
Central America
|image = Central America (configurable orthographic projection).svg
|area = 523780 چورس ڪلوميٽر (400000 چورس ميل)&lt;ref name=&quot;Area&quot;&gt;
{{Cite web|title= Geography Statistics of Central America |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/camerica/camlandst.htm|publisher=WorldAtlas|access-date=2025-06-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population =  52,700,000 (2023) (غير جانبدار وڌا)
|density = 100.6 في چورس ڪلوميٽر
(260.6 في چورس مي)
 (2023)
|demonym = وچ آمريڪا ( :centroamericano)
|GDP_PPP = 738.8 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر
 (2023)
|GDP_nominal = 362.62
 billion
US dollars 
 ([[exchange rate]]) (2023)
|GDP_per_capita = $6,880 (exchange rate) (2023)&lt;br /&gt;$14,019 ([[purchasing power parity|PPP]]) (2023)
|countries = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[#Definitions|7–8]]
 |[[Belize]]
 |[[Costa Rica]]{{efn|Including [[Cocos Island]], one of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].}}
 |[[El Salvador]]
 |[[Guatemala]]
 |[[Honduras]]
 |[[Mexico]]{{efn|The [[United Nations geoscheme]] includes [[Mexico]] in Central America, but the country is not universally considered to be a part of Central America among other [[list of geographical societies|geographical societies]].}}
 |[[Nicaragua]]
 |[[Panama]]
 }}
 * بيليز * ڪوسٽا ريڪا * ايل سلواڊور * گٽيمالا * هونڊرس * ميڪسيڪو * نڪروگا * پاناما
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[Dependent territory|External]] (1)
 |[[Clipperton Island]]{{efn|One of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[France]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of administrative divisions by country|Internal]] (2)
 |[[Valle del Cauca]], [[Malpelo Island]]{{efn|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[Colombia]])
 |[[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina]]{{efn|Comprising two remote [[archipelago|island groups]] off the coast of Central America.}} ([[Colombia]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of territorial disputes|Disputed]] (2)
 | [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Jamaica]] and the [[United States]].}}
 |[[Serranilla Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Honduras]], [[Jamaica]], and the United States.}}
 }}
 خارجي: ڪلپرٽن ٻيٽ (فرانس) # اندروني: * ويل ڊيل ڪاڪا، مالپيلو (ڪولمبيا) * آرڪيپيلاگو آف سان اينڊرس، پروويڊينيا ۽ سانتا ڪيٽيلينا (ڪولمبيا) # تڪراري: * باجو نيوو بئنڪ * Serranilla بئنڪ.
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Central American Spanish|Spanish]] 
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Mayan languages|Mayan]]
* [[Miskito language|Miskito]]
* [[Garifuna language|Garifuna]]
* [[Belizean Creole|Kriol]]
* [[Bay Islands English| Bay Island Creole]]
* [[Limonese Creole|Mekatelyu]]
* [[Miskito Coast Creole|Honduran and Nicaraguan Miskito Creole]]
* [[Mesoamerican languages|Others]]
 }}
* اندلسي * انگريزي * مايا * مسڪيٽو * گارفونا * ڪريل * Bay Island Creole * ميڪاٽيليو * هنڊوران ۽ نيڪاراگوان Miskito Creole * ٻيا.
|time = [[UTC−06:00]] to [[UTC−05:00]]
|cities = {{Unbulleted list
|[[Guatemala City]]&lt;!--1,104,890--&gt;
| [[San Salvador]] &lt;!--2,000,000--&gt;
|[[Managua]]&lt;!--2,201,000--&gt;
| [[Tegucigalpa]]&lt;!--1,126,534--&gt;
| [[Panama City]]&lt;!--880,691--&gt;&lt;!--540,898--&gt;
| [[San Pedro Sula]]&lt;!--538,101--&gt;
| [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]&lt;!--347,281--&gt;
| [[San Miguelito District|San Miguelito]]&lt;!--293,745--&gt;
| [[Santa Ana, El Salvador|Santa Ana]]&lt;!--245,241--&gt;
| [[San Miguel, El Salvador|San Miguel]]&lt;!--221,783--&gt;
 }}
* گوئٽي مالا سٽي * سان سلواڊور * منگوا * Tegucigalpa * پاناما شهر * سان پيڊرو سولا * سان جوس * سان مگيوليٽو * سانتا انا * سان ميگيل.
|m49 = UN M49 ڪوڊ: * وچ آمريڪا 
* لاطيني آمريڪا ڪيريبين * آمريڪا * دنيا 
&lt;code&gt;013&lt;/code&gt; – Central America&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – World
}}
'''وچ آمريڪا''' (Central America) [[اتر آمريڪا]] جو هڪ ذيلي علائقو آهي. ان جون سياسي حدون اتر ۾ [[ميڪسيڪو]]، ڏکڻ اوڀر ۾ [[ڏکڻ آمريڪا]] جو ملڪ [[ڪولمبيا]] اوڀر ۾ [[ڪيريبيئن علائقو|ڪيريبئن علائقي]] ۽ ڏکڻ اولهه ۾ [[پيسيفڪ سمنڊ|پئسيفڪ سمنڊ]] سان ملندڙ سرحدن جي طور تي بيان ڪيون ويون آهن. وچ آمريڪا جي علائقي کي عام طور تي ست ملڪن؛ [[بيليز]]، [[ڪوسٽا ريڪا]]، [[ايل سيلويڊور]]، [[گواتيمالا|گوئٽي مالا]]، [[هونڊورس]]، [[نڪاراگوا]] ۽ [[پاناما]] تي مشتمل طور بيان ڪيو ويندو آهي. وچ آمريڪا ميسوامريڪن [[نوع (حياتيات)|حياتياتي تنوع]] جو خاص مرڪز، جيڪو ڏکڻ ميڪسيڪو کان ڏکڻ اوڀر پاناما تائين پکڙيل آهي. وچ آمريڪا ۾ ڪيترن ئي فعال ارضياتي رفٽن (active geological faults) ۽ آتش فشاني قوسن (Volcanic arcs) جي موجودگي جي ڪري، علائقي ۾ ڌرتي ۾ لھه وڇڙ جي سرگرميون (seismic activities)، جهڙوڪ آتش فشاني ڦاٽون (Volcanic eruption) ۽ زلزلا وڏي تعداد ۾ ٿينديون آهن، جن جي نتيجي ۾ جاني ۽ مالي نقصان (موتون، زخمي ٿيڻ ۽  ملڪيتن) کي نقصان پهتو آهي.

==تفص==
{{Short description|Subregion of North America}}

{{Infobox Continent
|title = وچ آمريڪا &lt;br&gt;
Central America
|image = Central America (configurable orthographic projection).svg
|area = چورس ڪلوميٽر (اسڪوائر ميل)
523780 square kilometers 
(400000 sq mile)&lt;ref name=&quot;Area&quot;&gt;
{{Cite web|title= Geography Statistics of Central America |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/camerica/camlandst.htm|publisher=WorldAtlas|access-date=2025-06-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population = غير جانبدار وڌا * 

 52,700,000 (2023)
{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}
|density = 52700000÷
523780
في چورس ڪلوميٽر
(2023)
|demonym = Central American
وچ آمريڪا
{{efn|{{langx|es|centroamericano}}}}
|GDP_PPP = 738.8 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر
 (2023)
|GDP_nominal = 362.62
 billion
US dollars 
 ([[exchange rate]]) (2023)
|GDP_per_capita = $6,880 (exchange rate) (2023)&lt;br /&gt;$14,019 ([[purchasing power parity|PPP]]) (2023)
|countries = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[#Definitions|7–8]]
 |[[Belize]]
 |[[Costa Rica]]{{efn|Including [[Cocos Island]], one of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].}}
 |[[El Salvador]]
 |[[Guatemala]]
 |[[Honduras]]
 |[[Mexico]]{{efn|The [[United Nations geoscheme]] includes [[Mexico]] in Central America, but the country is not universally considered to be a part of Central America among other [[list of geographical societies|geographical societies]].}}
 |[[Nicaragua]]
 |[[Panama]]
 }}
 * بيليز * ڪوسٽا ريڪا * ايل سلواڊور * گٽيمالا * هونڊرس * ميڪسيڪو * نڪروگا * پاناما
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[Dependent territory|External]] (1)
 |[[Clipperton Island]]{{efn|One of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[France]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of administrative divisions by country|Internal]] (2)
 |[[Valle del Cauca]], [[Malpelo Island]]{{efn|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[Colombia]])
 |[[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina]]{{efn|Comprising two remote [[archipelago|island groups]] off the coast of Central America.}} ([[Colombia]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of territorial disputes|Disputed]] (2)
 | [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Jamaica]] and the [[United States]].}}
 |[[Serranilla Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Honduras]], [[Jamaica]], and the United States.}}
 }}
 خارجي: ڪلپرٽن ٻيٽ (فرانس) # اندروني: * ويل ڊيل ڪاڪا، مالپيلو (ڪولمبيا) * آرڪيپيلاگو آف سان اينڊرس، پروويڊينيا ۽ سانتا ڪيٽيلينا (ڪولمبيا) # تڪراري: * باجو نيوو بئنڪ * Serranilla بئنڪ.
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Central American Spanish|Spanish]] 
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Mayan languages|Mayan]]
* [[Miskito language|Miskito]]
* [[Garifuna language|Garifuna]]
* [[Belizean Creole|Kriol]]
* [[Bay Islands English| Bay Island Creole]]
* [[Limonese Creole|Mekatelyu]]
* [[Miskito Coast Creole|Honduran and Nicaraguan Miskito Creole]]
* [[Mesoamerican languages|Others]]
 }}
* اندلسي * انگريزي * مايا * مسڪيٽو * گارفونا * ڪريل * Bay Island Creole * ميڪاٽيليو * هنڊوران ۽ نيڪاراگوان Miskito Creole * ٻيا.
|time = [[UTC−06:00]] to [[UTC−05:00]]
|cities = {{Unbulleted list
|[[Guatemala City]]&lt;!--1,104,890--&gt;
| [[San Salvador]] &lt;!--2,000,000--&gt;
|[[Managua]]&lt;!--2,201,000--&gt;
| [[Tegucigalpa]]&lt;!--1,126,534--&gt;
| [[Panama City]]&lt;!--880,691--&gt;&lt;!--540,898--&gt;
| [[San Pedro Sula]]&lt;!--538,101--&gt;
| [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]&lt;!--347,281--&gt;
| [[San Miguelito District|San Miguelito]]&lt;!--293,745--&gt;
| [[Santa Ana, El Salvador|Santa Ana]]&lt;!--245,241--&gt;
| [[San Miguel, El Salvador|San Miguel]]&lt;!--221,783--&gt;
 }}
* گوئٽي مالا سٽي * سان سلواڊور * منگوا * Tegucigalpa * پاناما شهر * سان پيڊرو سولا * سان جوس * سان مگيوليٽو * سانتا انا * سان ميگيل.
|m49 = UN M49 ڪوڊ: * وچ آمريڪا 
* لاطيني آمريڪا ڪيريبين * آمريڪا * دنيا 


&lt;code&gt;013&lt;/code&gt; – Central America&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – World
}}

==تفصيل==

وچ  آمريڪا جو گهڻو حصو اسٿمو-ڪولمبيا (Isthmo-Colombian) جي ثقافتي علائقي هيٺ اچي ٿو. ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس جي اسپيني سفر کان اڳ آمريڪا ڏانهن سفر ڪيو، سوين مقامي ماڻهن هن علائقي ۾ پنهنجا گهر ٺاهيا. 1502ع کان پوءِ، اسپين پنهنجي نوآبادي شروع ڪئي. 1609ع کان 1821ع تائين، وچ آمريڪي علائقن جي اڪثريت (سواءِ ان جي جيڪو بيليز ۽ پاناما بڻجي ويندو ۽ جديد ميڪسيڪو رياست چياپاس سميت) تي ميڪسيڪو سٽي کان نيو اسپين جي وائسرايلٽي گوئٽي مالا جي ڪئپٽنسي جنرل جي حيثيت سان حڪومت ڪئي. 24 آگسٽ 1821ع تي، اسپيني وائسراءِ جوآن ڊي او ڊونوجو ڪورڊوبا جي معاهدي تي دستخط ڪيا.

Most of Central America falls under the [[Isthmo-Colombian Area|Isthmo-Colombian]] cultural area. Before the Spanish expedition of [[Christopher Columbus]]' voyages to the [[Americas]], hundreds of indigenous peoples made their homes in the area. From the year 1502 onwards, Spain began their [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|colonization]]. From 1609 to 1821, the majority of Central American territories (except for what would become Belize and Panama and including the modern Mexican state of [[Chiapas]]) were governed by the viceroyalty of [[New Spain]] from [[Mexico City]] as the [[Captaincy General of Guatemala]]. On 24 August 1821, Spanish Viceroy [[Juan O'Donojú|Juan de O'Donojú]] signed the [[Treaty of Córdoba]], which established New Spain's independence and autonomy from mainland Spain.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/spain-accepts-mexican-independence|title=Spain accepts Mexican independence|website=HISTORY|date=9 February 2010 |language=en|access-date=2019-06-03}}&lt;/ref&gt; On 15 September, the [[Act of Independence of Central America]] was enacted to announce Central America's separation from the [[Spanish Empire]]. Some of New Spain's provinces in the Central American region were invaded and annexed to the [[First Mexican Empire]]; however in 1823 they seceded from Mexico to form the [[Federal Republic of Central America]] until 1838.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ribeiro|first=Pedro Freire|title=Raízes do pensamento político da América Espanhola, 1780–1826|date=1995|publisher=Editora da Universidade Federal Fluminense|isbn=85-228-0146-0|location=Niterói, RJ|oclc=35578070}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1838, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua became the first of Central America's seven states to become independent countries, followed by El Salvador in 1841, Panama in 1903, and Belize in 1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/countries/belize|title=A Guide to the United States'History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consumer Relations, by Country, since 1776: Belize|website=Office of The Historian|language=en|access-date=2021-02-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Despite the dissolution of the [[Federal Republic of Central America]], the five remaining countries, save for Panama and Belize, all preserved and maintained a Central American identity.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF135.html Demographic Diversity and Change in the Central American Isthmus]. Pebley, Anne R. and Luis Rosero-Bixby, eds., Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1997. Also available in print form.&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[list of countries and territories where Spanish is an official language|Spanish-speaking countries]] officially include both North America and [[South America]] as a single continent, {{Lang|es|[[Americas|América]]}}, which is split into four subregions: Central America, [[Caribbean|The Caribbean]] (a.k.a. the [[West Indies]]), North America ([[Mexico]] and [[Northern America]]), and South America.

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
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[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
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      <text bytes="15166" sha1="ri2k0qd2bol3m7s3uo9glxbp4zdejhv" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Subregion of North America}}
{{Infobox Continent
|title = وچ آمريڪا&lt;br&gt;
Central America
|image = Central America (configurable orthographic projection).svg
|area = 523780 چورس ڪلوميٽر (400000 چورس ميل)&lt;ref name=&quot;Area&quot;&gt;
{{Cite web|title= Geography Statistics of Central America |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/camerica/camlandst.htm|publisher=WorldAtlas|access-date=2025-06-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population =  52,700,000 (2023) (غير جانبدار وڌا)
|density = 100.6 في چورس ڪلوميٽر
(260.6 في چورس مي)
 (2023)
|demonym = وچ آمريڪا ( :centroamericano)
|GDP_PPP = 738.8 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر
 (2023)
|GDP_nominal = 362.62
 billion
US dollars 
 ([[exchange rate]]) (2023)
|GDP_per_capita = $6,880 (exchange rate) (2023)&lt;br /&gt;$14,019 ([[purchasing power parity|PPP]]) (2023)
|countries = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[#Definitions|7–8]]
 |[[Belize]]
 |[[Costa Rica]]{{efn|Including [[Cocos Island]], one of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].}}
 |[[El Salvador]]
 |[[Guatemala]]
 |[[Honduras]]
 |[[Mexico]]{{efn|The [[United Nations geoscheme]] includes [[Mexico]] in Central America, but the country is not universally considered to be a part of Central America among other [[list of geographical societies|geographical societies]].}}
 |[[Nicaragua]]
 |[[Panama]]
 }}
 * بيليز * ڪوسٽا ريڪا * ايل سلواڊور * گٽيمالا * هونڊرس * ميڪسيڪو * نڪروگا * پاناما
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[Dependent territory|External]] (1)
 |[[Clipperton Island]]{{efn|One of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[France]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of administrative divisions by country|Internal]] (2)
 |[[Valle del Cauca]], [[Malpelo Island]]{{efn|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[Colombia]])
 |[[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina]]{{efn|Comprising two remote [[archipelago|island groups]] off the coast of Central America.}} ([[Colombia]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of territorial disputes|Disputed]] (2)
 | [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Jamaica]] and the [[United States]].}}
 |[[Serranilla Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Honduras]], [[Jamaica]], and the United States.}}
 }}
 خارجي: ڪلپرٽن ٻيٽ (فرانس) # اندروني: * ويل ڊيل ڪاڪا، مالپيلو (ڪولمبيا) * آرڪيپيلاگو آف سان اينڊرس، پروويڊينيا ۽ سانتا ڪيٽيلينا (ڪولمبيا) # تڪراري: * باجو نيوو بئنڪ * Serranilla بئنڪ.
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Central American Spanish|Spanish]] 
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Mayan languages|Mayan]]
* [[Miskito language|Miskito]]
* [[Garifuna language|Garifuna]]
* [[Belizean Creole|Kriol]]
* [[Bay Islands English| Bay Island Creole]]
* [[Limonese Creole|Mekatelyu]]
* [[Miskito Coast Creole|Honduran and Nicaraguan Miskito Creole]]
* [[Mesoamerican languages|Others]]
 }}
* اندلسي * انگريزي * مايا * مسڪيٽو * گارفونا * ڪريل * Bay Island Creole * ميڪاٽيليو * هنڊوران ۽ نيڪاراگوان Miskito Creole * ٻيا.
|time = [[UTC−06:00]] to [[UTC−05:00]]
|cities = {{Unbulleted list
|[[Guatemala City]]&lt;!--1,104,890--&gt;
| [[San Salvador]] &lt;!--2,000,000--&gt;
|[[Managua]]&lt;!--2,201,000--&gt;
| [[Tegucigalpa]]&lt;!--1,126,534--&gt;
| [[Panama City]]&lt;!--880,691--&gt;&lt;!--540,898--&gt;
| [[San Pedro Sula]]&lt;!--538,101--&gt;
| [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]&lt;!--347,281--&gt;
| [[San Miguelito District|San Miguelito]]&lt;!--293,745--&gt;
| [[Santa Ana, El Salvador|Santa Ana]]&lt;!--245,241--&gt;
| [[San Miguel, El Salvador|San Miguel]]&lt;!--221,783--&gt;
 }}
* گوئٽي مالا سٽي * سان سلواڊور * منگوا * Tegucigalpa * پاناما شهر * سان پيڊرو سولا * سان جوس * سان مگيوليٽو * سانتا انا * سان ميگيل.
|m49 = UN M49 ڪوڊ: * وچ آمريڪا 
* لاطيني آمريڪا ڪيريبين * آمريڪا * دنيا 
&lt;code&gt;013&lt;/code&gt; – Central America&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – World
}}
'''وچ آمريڪا''' (&lt;small&gt;'''Central'''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;'''America'''&lt;/small&gt;) [[اتر آمريڪا]] جو هڪ ذيلي علائقو آهي. ان جون سياسي حدون اتر ۾ [[ميڪسيڪو]]، ڏکڻ اوڀر ۾ [[ڏکڻ آمريڪا]] جو ملڪ [[ڪولمبيا]] اوڀر ۾ [[ڪيريبيئن علائقو|ڪيريبئن علائقي]] ۽ ڏکڻ اولهه ۾ [[پيسيفڪ سمنڊ|پئسيفڪ سمنڊ]] سان ملندڙ سرحدن جي طور تي بيان ڪيون ويون آهن. وچ آمريڪا جي علائقي کي عام طور تي ست ملڪن؛ [[بيليز]]، [[ڪوسٽا ريڪا]]، [[ايل سيلويڊور]]، [[گواتيمالا|گوئٽي مالا]]، [[هونڊورس]]، [[نڪاراگوا]] ۽ [[پاناما]] تي مشتمل طور بيان ڪيو ويندو آهي. وچ آمريڪا ميسوامريڪن [[نوع (حياتيات)|حياتياتي تنوع]] جو خاص مرڪز، جيڪو ڏکڻ ميڪسيڪو کان ڏکڻ اوڀر پاناما تائين پکڙيل آهي. وچ آمريڪا ۾ ڪيترن ئي فعال ارضياتي رفٽن (&lt;small&gt;active geological faults) ۽&lt;/small&gt; آتش فشاني قوسن &lt;small&gt;(Volcanic arcs) جي&lt;/small&gt; موجودگي جي ڪري، علائقي ۾ ڌرتي ۾ لھه وڇڙ جي &lt;small&gt;سرگرميون (seismic activities&lt;/small&gt;)، جهڙوڪ آتش فشاني &lt;small&gt;ڦاٽون (Volcanic eruption&lt;/small&gt;) ۽ زلزلا وڏي تعداد ۾ ٿينديون آهن، جن جي نتيجي ۾ جاني ۽ مالي نقصان (موتون، زخمي ٿيڻ ۽  ملڪيتن) کي نقصان پهتو آهي.

==تفص==
{{Short description|Subregion of North America}}

{{Infobox Continent
|title = وچ آمريڪا &lt;br&gt;
Central America
|image = Central America (configurable orthographic projection).svg
|area = چورس ڪلوميٽر (اسڪوائر ميل)
523780 square kilometers 
(400000 sq mile)&lt;ref name=&quot;Area&quot;&gt;
{{Cite web|title= Geography Statistics of Central America |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/camerica/camlandst.htm|publisher=WorldAtlas|access-date=2025-06-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population = غير جانبدار وڌا * 

 52,700,000 (2023)
{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}
|density = 52700000÷
523780
في چورس ڪلوميٽر
(2023)
|demonym = Central American
وچ آمريڪا
{{efn|{{langx|es|centroamericano}}}}
|GDP_PPP = 738.8 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر
 (2023)
|GDP_nominal = 362.62
 billion
US dollars 
 ([[exchange rate]]) (2023)
|GDP_per_capita = $6,880 (exchange rate) (2023)&lt;br /&gt;$14,019 ([[purchasing power parity|PPP]]) (2023)
|countries = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[#Definitions|7–8]]
 |[[Belize]]
 |[[Costa Rica]]{{efn|Including [[Cocos Island]], one of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].}}
 |[[El Salvador]]
 |[[Guatemala]]
 |[[Honduras]]
 |[[Mexico]]{{efn|The [[United Nations geoscheme]] includes [[Mexico]] in Central America, but the country is not universally considered to be a part of Central America among other [[list of geographical societies|geographical societies]].}}
 |[[Nicaragua]]
 |[[Panama]]
 }}
 * بيليز * ڪوسٽا ريڪا * ايل سلواڊور * گٽيمالا * هونڊرس * ميڪسيڪو * نڪروگا * پاناما
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[Dependent territory|External]] (1)
 |[[Clipperton Island]]{{efn|One of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[France]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of administrative divisions by country|Internal]] (2)
 |[[Valle del Cauca]], [[Malpelo Island]]{{efn|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[Colombia]])
 |[[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina]]{{efn|Comprising two remote [[archipelago|island groups]] off the coast of Central America.}} ([[Colombia]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of territorial disputes|Disputed]] (2)
 | [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Jamaica]] and the [[United States]].}}
 |[[Serranilla Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Honduras]], [[Jamaica]], and the United States.}}
 }}
 خارجي: ڪلپرٽن ٻيٽ (فرانس) # اندروني: * ويل ڊيل ڪاڪا، مالپيلو (ڪولمبيا) * آرڪيپيلاگو آف سان اينڊرس، پروويڊينيا ۽ سانتا ڪيٽيلينا (ڪولمبيا) # تڪراري: * باجو نيوو بئنڪ * Serranilla بئنڪ.
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Central American Spanish|Spanish]] 
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Mayan languages|Mayan]]
* [[Miskito language|Miskito]]
* [[Garifuna language|Garifuna]]
* [[Belizean Creole|Kriol]]
* [[Bay Islands English| Bay Island Creole]]
* [[Limonese Creole|Mekatelyu]]
* [[Miskito Coast Creole|Honduran and Nicaraguan Miskito Creole]]
* [[Mesoamerican languages|Others]]
 }}
* اندلسي * انگريزي * مايا * مسڪيٽو * گارفونا * ڪريل * Bay Island Creole * ميڪاٽيليو * هنڊوران ۽ نيڪاراگوان Miskito Creole * ٻيا.
|time = [[UTC−06:00]] to [[UTC−05:00]]
|cities = {{Unbulleted list
|[[Guatemala City]]&lt;!--1,104,890--&gt;
| [[San Salvador]] &lt;!--2,000,000--&gt;
|[[Managua]]&lt;!--2,201,000--&gt;
| [[Tegucigalpa]]&lt;!--1,126,534--&gt;
| [[Panama City]]&lt;!--880,691--&gt;&lt;!--540,898--&gt;
| [[San Pedro Sula]]&lt;!--538,101--&gt;
| [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]&lt;!--347,281--&gt;
| [[San Miguelito District|San Miguelito]]&lt;!--293,745--&gt;
| [[Santa Ana, El Salvador|Santa Ana]]&lt;!--245,241--&gt;
| [[San Miguel, El Salvador|San Miguel]]&lt;!--221,783--&gt;
 }}
* گوئٽي مالا سٽي * سان سلواڊور * منگوا * Tegucigalpa * پاناما شهر * سان پيڊرو سولا * سان جوس * سان مگيوليٽو * سانتا انا * سان ميگيل.
|m49 = UN M49 ڪوڊ: * وچ آمريڪا 
* لاطيني آمريڪا ڪيريبين * آمريڪا * دنيا 


&lt;code&gt;013&lt;/code&gt; – Central America&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – World
}}

==تفصيل==

وچ  آمريڪا جو گهڻو حصو اسٿمو-ڪولمبيا (Isthmo-Colombian) جي ثقافتي علائقي هيٺ اچي ٿو. ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس جي اسپيني سفر کان اڳ آمريڪا ڏانهن سفر ڪيو، سوين مقامي ماڻهن هن علائقي ۾ پنهنجا گهر ٺاهيا. 1502ع کان پوءِ، اسپين پنهنجي نوآبادي شروع ڪئي. 1609ع کان 1821ع تائين، وچ آمريڪي علائقن جي اڪثريت (سواءِ ان جي جيڪو بيليز ۽ پاناما بڻجي ويندو ۽ جديد ميڪسيڪو رياست چياپاس سميت) تي ميڪسيڪو سٽي کان نيو اسپين جي وائسرايلٽي گوئٽي مالا جي ڪئپٽنسي جنرل جي حيثيت سان حڪومت ڪئي. 24 آگسٽ 1821ع تي، اسپيني وائسراءِ جوآن ڊي او ڊونوجو ڪورڊوبا جي معاهدي تي دستخط ڪيا.

Most of Central America falls under the [[Isthmo-Colombian Area|Isthmo-Colombian]] cultural area. Before the Spanish expedition of [[Christopher Columbus]]' voyages to the [[Americas]], hundreds of indigenous peoples made their homes in the area. From the year 1502 onwards, Spain began their [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|colonization]]. From 1609 to 1821, the majority of Central American territories (except for what would become Belize and Panama and including the modern Mexican state of [[Chiapas]]) were governed by the viceroyalty of [[New Spain]] from [[Mexico City]] as the [[Captaincy General of Guatemala]]. On 24 August 1821, Spanish Viceroy [[Juan O'Donojú|Juan de O'Donojú]] signed the [[Treaty of Córdoba]], which established New Spain's independence and autonomy from mainland Spain.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/spain-accepts-mexican-independence|title=Spain accepts Mexican independence|website=HISTORY|date=9 February 2010 |language=en|access-date=2019-06-03}}&lt;/ref&gt; On 15 September, the [[Act of Independence of Central America]] was enacted to announce Central America's separation from the [[Spanish Empire]]. Some of New Spain's provinces in the Central American region were invaded and annexed to the [[First Mexican Empire]]; however in 1823 they seceded from Mexico to form the [[Federal Republic of Central America]] until 1838.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ribeiro|first=Pedro Freire|title=Raízes do pensamento político da América Espanhola, 1780–1826|date=1995|publisher=Editora da Universidade Federal Fluminense|isbn=85-228-0146-0|location=Niterói, RJ|oclc=35578070}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1838, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua became the first of Central America's seven states to become independent countries, followed by El Salvador in 1841, Panama in 1903, and Belize in 1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/countries/belize|title=A Guide to the United States'History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consumer Relations, by Country, since 1776: Belize|website=Office of The Historian|language=en|access-date=2021-02-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Despite the dissolution of the [[Federal Republic of Central America]], the five remaining countries, save for Panama and Belize, all preserved and maintained a Central American identity.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF135.html Demographic Diversity and Change in the Central American Isthmus]. Pebley, Anne R. and Luis Rosero-Bixby, eds., Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1997. Also available in print form.&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[list of countries and territories where Spanish is an official language|Spanish-speaking countries]] officially include both North America and [[South America]] as a single continent, {{Lang|es|[[Americas|América]]}}, which is split into four subregions: Central America, [[Caribbean|The Caribbean]] (a.k.a. the [[West Indies]]), North America ([[Mexico]] and [[Northern America]]), and South America.

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
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[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
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      <text bytes="15153" sha1="h92salo1iovzavy8006gl93nit7xufj" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Subregion of North America}}
{{Infobox Continent
|title = وچ آمريڪا&lt;br&gt;
Central America
|image = Central America (configurable orthographic projection).svg
|area = 523780 چورس ڪلوميٽر (400000 چورس ميل)&lt;ref name=&quot;Area&quot;&gt;
{{Cite web|title= Geography Statistics of Central America |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/camerica/camlandst.htm|publisher=WorldAtlas|access-date=2025-06-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population =  52,700,000 (2023) (غير جانبدار وڌا)
|density = 100.6 في چورس ڪلوميٽر
(260.6 في چورس مي)
 (2023)
|demonym = وچ آمريڪا ( :centroamericano)
|GDP_PPP = 738.8 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر
 (2023)
|GDP_nominal = 362.62
 billion
US dollars 
 ([[exchange rate]]) (2023)
|GDP_per_capita = $6,880 (exchange rate) (2023)&lt;br /&gt;$14,019 ([[purchasing power parity|PPP]]) (2023)
|countries = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[#Definitions|7–8]]
 |[[Belize]]
 |[[Costa Rica]]{{efn|Including [[Cocos Island]], one of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].}}
 |[[El Salvador]]
 |[[Guatemala]]
 |[[Honduras]]
 |[[Mexico]]{{efn|The [[United Nations geoscheme]] includes [[Mexico]] in Central America, but the country is not universally considered to be a part of Central America among other [[list of geographical societies|geographical societies]].}}
 |[[Nicaragua]]
 |[[Panama]]
 }}
 * بيليز * ڪوسٽا ريڪا * ايل سلواڊور * گٽيمالا * هونڊرس * ميڪسيڪو * نڪروگا * پاناما
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[Dependent territory|External]] (1)
 |[[Clipperton Island]]{{efn|One of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[France]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of administrative divisions by country|Internal]] (2)
 |[[Valle del Cauca]], [[Malpelo Island]]{{efn|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[Colombia]])
 |[[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina]]{{efn|Comprising two remote [[archipelago|island groups]] off the coast of Central America.}} ([[Colombia]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of territorial disputes|Disputed]] (2)
 | [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Jamaica]] and the [[United States]].}}
 |[[Serranilla Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Honduras]], [[Jamaica]], and the United States.}}
 }}
 خارجي: ڪلپرٽن ٻيٽ (فرانس) # اندروني: * ويل ڊيل ڪاڪا، مالپيلو (ڪولمبيا) * آرڪيپيلاگو آف سان اينڊرس، پروويڊينيا ۽ سانتا ڪيٽيلينا (ڪولمبيا) # تڪراري: * باجو نيوو بئنڪ * Serranilla بئنڪ.
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Central American Spanish|Spanish]] 
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Mayan languages|Mayan]]
* [[Miskito language|Miskito]]
* [[Garifuna language|Garifuna]]
* [[Belizean Creole|Kriol]]
* [[Bay Islands English| Bay Island Creole]]
* [[Limonese Creole|Mekatelyu]]
* [[Miskito Coast Creole|Honduran and Nicaraguan Miskito Creole]]
* [[Mesoamerican languages|Others]]
 }}
* اندلسي * انگريزي * مايا * مسڪيٽو * گارفونا * ڪريل * Bay Island Creole * ميڪاٽيليو * هنڊوران ۽ نيڪاراگوان Miskito Creole * ٻيا.
|time = [[UTC−06:00]] to [[UTC−05:00]]
|cities = {{Unbulleted list
|[[Guatemala City]]&lt;!--1,104,890--&gt;
| [[San Salvador]] &lt;!--2,000,000--&gt;
|[[Managua]]&lt;!--2,201,000--&gt;
| [[Tegucigalpa]]&lt;!--1,126,534--&gt;
| [[Panama City]]&lt;!--880,691--&gt;&lt;!--540,898--&gt;
| [[San Pedro Sula]]&lt;!--538,101--&gt;
| [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]&lt;!--347,281--&gt;
| [[San Miguelito District|San Miguelito]]&lt;!--293,745--&gt;
| [[Santa Ana, El Salvador|Santa Ana]]&lt;!--245,241--&gt;
| [[San Miguel, El Salvador|San Miguel]]&lt;!--221,783--&gt;
 }}
* گوئٽي مالا سٽي * سان سلواڊور * منگوا * Tegucigalpa * پاناما شهر * سان پيڊرو سولا * سان جوس * سان مگيوليٽو * سانتا انا * سان ميگيل.
|m49 = UN M49 ڪوڊ: * وچ آمريڪا 
* لاطيني آمريڪا ڪيريبين * آمريڪا * دنيا 
&lt;code&gt;013&lt;/code&gt; – Central America&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – World
}}
'''وچ آمريڪا''' (&lt;small&gt;'''Central'''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;small&gt;'''America'''&lt;/small&gt;) [[اتر آمريڪا]] جو هڪ ذيلي علائقو آهي. ان جون سياسي حدون اتر ۾ [[ميڪسيڪو]]، ڏکڻ اوڀر ۾ [[ڏکڻ آمريڪا]] جو ملڪ [[ڪولمبيا]] اوڀر ۾ [[ڪيريبيئن علائقو|ڪيريبئن علائقي]] ۽ ڏکڻ اولهه ۾ [[پيسيفڪ سمنڊ|پئسيفڪ سمنڊ]] سان ملندڙ سرحدن جي طور تي بيان ڪيون ويون آهن. وچ آمريڪا جي علائقي کي عام طور تي ست ملڪن؛ [[بيليز]]، [[ڪوسٽا ريڪا]]، [[ايل سيلويڊور]]، [[گواتيمالا|گوئٽي مالا]]، [[هونڊورس]]، [[نڪاراگوا]] ۽ [[پاناما]] تي مشتمل طور بيان ڪيو ويندو آهي. وچ آمريڪا ميسو امريڪن [[نوع (حياتيات)|حياتياتي تنوع]] جو خاص مرڪز، ڏکڻ ميڪسيڪو کان ڏکڻ اوڀر پاناما تائين پکڙيل, آهي. وچ آمريڪا ۾ ڪيترئي فعال ارضياتي رفٽ (&lt;small&gt;active geological faults) ۽&lt;/small&gt; آتش فشاني قوس &lt;small&gt;(Volcanic arcs) جي&lt;/small&gt; موجودگي جي ڪري، علائقي ۾ ڌرتي ۾ لھه وڇڙ جي &lt;small&gt;سرگرميون (seismic activities&lt;/small&gt;)، جهڙوڪ آتش فشاني &lt;small&gt;ڦاٽون (Volcanic eruption&lt;/small&gt;) ۽ زلزلا, وڏي تعداد ۾ ٿينديون آهن، جن جي نتيجي ۾ جاني ۽ مالي نقصان (موتون، زخمي ٿيڻ ۽  ملڪيتن) کي نقصان پهتو آهي.

==تفص==
{{Short description|Subregion of North America}}

{{Infobox Continent
|title = وچ آمريڪا &lt;br&gt;
Central America
|image = Central America (configurable orthographic projection).svg
|area = چورس ڪلوميٽر (اسڪوائر ميل)
523780 square kilometers 
(400000 sq mile)&lt;ref name=&quot;Area&quot;&gt;
{{Cite web|title= Geography Statistics of Central America |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/namerica/camerica/camlandst.htm|publisher=WorldAtlas|access-date=2025-06-27}}&lt;/ref&gt;
|population = غير جانبدار وڌا * 

 52,700,000 (2023)
{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}
|density = 52700000÷
523780
في چورس ڪلوميٽر
(2023)
|demonym = Central American
وچ آمريڪا
{{efn|{{langx|es|centroamericano}}}}
|GDP_PPP = 738.8 ارب آمريڪي ڊالر
 (2023)
|GDP_nominal = 362.62
 billion
US dollars 
 ([[exchange rate]]) (2023)
|GDP_per_capita = $6,880 (exchange rate) (2023)&lt;br /&gt;$14,019 ([[purchasing power parity|PPP]]) (2023)
|countries = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[#Definitions|7–8]]
 |[[Belize]]
 |[[Costa Rica]]{{efn|Including [[Cocos Island]], one of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].}}
 |[[El Salvador]]
 |[[Guatemala]]
 |[[Honduras]]
 |[[Mexico]]{{efn|The [[United Nations geoscheme]] includes [[Mexico]] in Central America, but the country is not universally considered to be a part of Central America among other [[list of geographical societies|geographical societies]].}}
 |[[Nicaragua]]
 |[[Panama]]
 }}
 * بيليز * ڪوسٽا ريڪا * ايل سلواڊور * گٽيمالا * هونڊرس * ميڪسيڪو * نڪروگا * پاناما
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[Dependent territory|External]] (1)
 |[[Clipperton Island]]{{efn|One of the [[Central American Pacific Islands]].|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[France]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of administrative divisions by country|Internal]] (2)
 |[[Valle del Cauca]], [[Malpelo Island]]{{efn|name=Central American Pacific Islands}} ([[Colombia]])
 |[[Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina]]{{efn|Comprising two remote [[archipelago|island groups]] off the coast of Central America.}} ([[Colombia]])
 }}
 {{Collapsible list
 |titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
 |title      = [[List of territorial disputes|Disputed]] (2)
 | [[Bajo Nuevo Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Jamaica]] and the [[United States]].}}
 |[[Serranilla Bank]]{{efn|Administered by [[Colombia]], claimed by [[Honduras]], [[Jamaica]], and the United States.}}
 }}
 خارجي: ڪلپرٽن ٻيٽ (فرانس) # اندروني: * ويل ڊيل ڪاڪا، مالپيلو (ڪولمبيا) * آرڪيپيلاگو آف سان اينڊرس، پروويڊينيا ۽ سانتا ڪيٽيلينا (ڪولمبيا) # تڪراري: * باجو نيوو بئنڪ * Serranilla بئنڪ.
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Central American Spanish|Spanish]] 
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Mayan languages|Mayan]]
* [[Miskito language|Miskito]]
* [[Garifuna language|Garifuna]]
* [[Belizean Creole|Kriol]]
* [[Bay Islands English| Bay Island Creole]]
* [[Limonese Creole|Mekatelyu]]
* [[Miskito Coast Creole|Honduran and Nicaraguan Miskito Creole]]
* [[Mesoamerican languages|Others]]
 }}
* اندلسي * انگريزي * مايا * مسڪيٽو * گارفونا * ڪريل * Bay Island Creole * ميڪاٽيليو * هنڊوران ۽ نيڪاراگوان Miskito Creole * ٻيا.
|time = [[UTC−06:00]] to [[UTC−05:00]]
|cities = {{Unbulleted list
|[[Guatemala City]]&lt;!--1,104,890--&gt;
| [[San Salvador]] &lt;!--2,000,000--&gt;
|[[Managua]]&lt;!--2,201,000--&gt;
| [[Tegucigalpa]]&lt;!--1,126,534--&gt;
| [[Panama City]]&lt;!--880,691--&gt;&lt;!--540,898--&gt;
| [[San Pedro Sula]]&lt;!--538,101--&gt;
| [[San José, Costa Rica|San José]]&lt;!--347,281--&gt;
| [[San Miguelito District|San Miguelito]]&lt;!--293,745--&gt;
| [[Santa Ana, El Salvador|Santa Ana]]&lt;!--245,241--&gt;
| [[San Miguel, El Salvador|San Miguel]]&lt;!--221,783--&gt;
 }}
* گوئٽي مالا سٽي * سان سلواڊور * منگوا * Tegucigalpa * پاناما شهر * سان پيڊرو سولا * سان جوس * سان مگيوليٽو * سانتا انا * سان ميگيل.
|m49 = UN M49 ڪوڊ: * وچ آمريڪا 
* لاطيني آمريڪا ڪيريبين * آمريڪا * دنيا 


&lt;code&gt;013&lt;/code&gt; – Central America&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America and the Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – World
}}

==تفصيل==

وچ  آمريڪا جو گهڻو حصو اسٿمو-ڪولمبيا (Isthmo-Colombian) جي ثقافتي علائقي هيٺ اچي ٿو. ڪرسٽوفر ڪولمبس جي اسپيني سفر کان اڳ آمريڪا ڏانهن سفر ڪيو، سوين مقامي ماڻهن هن علائقي ۾ پنهنجا گهر ٺاهيا. 1502ع کان پوءِ، اسپين پنهنجي نوآبادي شروع ڪئي. 1609ع کان 1821ع تائين، وچ آمريڪي علائقن جي اڪثريت (سواءِ ان جي جيڪو بيليز ۽ پاناما بڻجي ويندو ۽ جديد ميڪسيڪو رياست چياپاس سميت) تي ميڪسيڪو سٽي کان نيو اسپين جي وائسرايلٽي گوئٽي مالا جي ڪئپٽنسي جنرل جي حيثيت سان حڪومت ڪئي. 24 آگسٽ 1821ع تي، اسپيني وائسراءِ جوآن ڊي او ڊونوجو ڪورڊوبا جي معاهدي تي دستخط ڪيا.

Most of Central America falls under the [[Isthmo-Colombian Area|Isthmo-Colombian]] cultural area. Before the Spanish expedition of [[Christopher Columbus]]' voyages to the [[Americas]], hundreds of indigenous peoples made their homes in the area. From the year 1502 onwards, Spain began their [[Spanish colonization of the Americas|colonization]]. From 1609 to 1821, the majority of Central American territories (except for what would become Belize and Panama and including the modern Mexican state of [[Chiapas]]) were governed by the viceroyalty of [[New Spain]] from [[Mexico City]] as the [[Captaincy General of Guatemala]]. On 24 August 1821, Spanish Viceroy [[Juan O'Donojú|Juan de O'Donojú]] signed the [[Treaty of Córdoba]], which established New Spain's independence and autonomy from mainland Spain.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/spain-accepts-mexican-independence|title=Spain accepts Mexican independence|website=HISTORY|date=9 February 2010 |language=en|access-date=2019-06-03}}&lt;/ref&gt; On 15 September, the [[Act of Independence of Central America]] was enacted to announce Central America's separation from the [[Spanish Empire]]. Some of New Spain's provinces in the Central American region were invaded and annexed to the [[First Mexican Empire]]; however in 1823 they seceded from Mexico to form the [[Federal Republic of Central America]] until 1838.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ribeiro|first=Pedro Freire|title=Raízes do pensamento político da América Espanhola, 1780–1826|date=1995|publisher=Editora da Universidade Federal Fluminense|isbn=85-228-0146-0|location=Niterói, RJ|oclc=35578070}}&lt;/ref&gt;

In 1838, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua became the first of Central America's seven states to become independent countries, followed by El Salvador in 1841, Panama in 1903, and Belize in 1981.&lt;ref name=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://history.state.gov/countries/belize|title=A Guide to the United States'History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consumer Relations, by Country, since 1776: Belize|website=Office of The Historian|language=en|access-date=2021-02-17}}&lt;/ref&gt; Despite the dissolution of the [[Federal Republic of Central America]], the five remaining countries, save for Panama and Belize, all preserved and maintained a Central American identity.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF135.html Demographic Diversity and Change in the Central American Isthmus]. Pebley, Anne R. and Luis Rosero-Bixby, eds., Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1997. Also available in print form.&lt;/ref&gt;

The [[list of countries and territories where Spanish is an official language|Spanish-speaking countries]] officially include both North America and [[South America]] as a single continent, {{Lang|es|[[Americas|América]]}}, which is split into four subregions: Central America, [[Caribbean|The Caribbean]] (a.k.a. the [[West Indies]]), North America ([[Mexico]] and [[Northern America]]), and South America.

==ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا==
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:وچ آمريڪا]]

==حوالا==
{{حوالا}}
[[زمرو:جاگرافي]]
[[زمرو:اتر آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]</text>
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      <comment>نئون صفحو: ويسٽ انڊيز (West Indies) آمريڪا کنڊ جو هڪ ٻيٽ وارو علائقو آهي، جيڪو اتر ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ ۽ ڪيريبين سمنڊ سان گھريل آهي. ان ۾ تيرهه 13 خودمختيار رياستون، اڻويهه 19 انحصاري علائقا ۽ ٽن ٻيٽن جا مجموعا (گريٽر اينٽيلس، ليسر اينٽيلس ۽ لوڪيان ٻيٽن جو مجموعو) شامل آهن.  == تفصيل ==  == ٻاه...</comment>
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      <text bytes="516" sha1="cncsk1ezz8jc3qln2sf04l957nd2zcg" xml:space="preserve">ويسٽ انڊيز (West Indies) آمريڪا کنڊ جو هڪ ٻيٽ وارو علائقو آهي، جيڪو اتر ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ ۽ ڪيريبين سمنڊ سان گھريل آهي. ان ۾ تيرهه 13 خودمختيار رياستون، اڻويهه 19 انحصاري علائقا ۽ ٽن ٻيٽن جا مجموعا (گريٽر اينٽيلس، ليسر اينٽيلس ۽ لوڪيان ٻيٽن جو مجموعو) شامل آهن.

== تفصيل ==

== ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا ==

== حوالا ==</text>
      <sha1>cncsk1ezz8jc3qln2sf04l957nd2zcg</sha1>
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    <revision>
      <id>321515</id>
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        <id>17680</id>
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      <text bytes="613" sha1="nwvyoe7bdxidoehj23elapy46h4vvom" xml:space="preserve">ويسٽ انڊيز (West Indies) [[آمريڪا کنڊ]] جو هڪ ٻيٽ وارو علائقو آهي، جيڪو اتر [[ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] ۽ [[ڪيريبئن سمنڊ|ڪيريبين سمنڊ]] سان گھريل آهي. ان ۾ تيرهه 13 [[خود مختيار رياستن جي فهرست|خودمختيار رياستون]]، اڻويهه 19 [[انحصاري علائقا]] ۽ ٽن [[ٻيٽن جا مجموعا]] (گريٽر اينٽيلس، ليسر اينٽيلس ۽ لوڪيان ٻيٽن جو مجموعو) شامل آهن.

== تفصيل ==

== ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا ==

== حوالا ==</text>
      <sha1>nwvyoe7bdxidoehj23elapy46h4vvom</sha1>
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      <text bytes="6435" sha1="pwj05d2cqh6nll4md8i8yx9md2bifge" xml:space="preserve">ويسٽ انڊيز (West Indies) [[آمريڪا کنڊ]] جو هڪ ٻيٽ وارو علائقو آهي، جيڪو اتر [[ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] ۽ [[ڪيريبئن سمنڊ|ڪيريبين سمنڊ]] سان گھريل آهي. ان ۾ تيرهه 13 [[خود مختيار رياستن جي فهرست|خودمختيار رياستون]]، اڻويهه 19 [[انحصاري علائقا]] ۽ ٽن [[ٻيٽن جا مجموعا]] (گريٽر اينٽيلس، ليسر اينٽيلس ۽ لوڪيان ٻيٽن جو مجموعو) شامل آهن.

==تفصيل==
{{Short description|Islands in North Atlantic and Caribbean}}
{{About|the island region in the Caribbean and North Atlantic Ocean}}
{{Infobox Continent
|title = West Indies
|image = Antillas (orthographic projection).svg
|area  = {{convert|239,681|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|population = {{UN_Population|Caribbean}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
|density = {{convert|151.5|/km2|abbr=on}}
|GDP_nominal = 
|GDP_per_capita = 
|ethnic_groups = [[Afro-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Latin Americans|Latin-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Indo-Caribbean|Indo-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[White Caribbean people|White-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Multiracial#Latin America and the Caribbean|Mixed-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Asian Caribbean people|Asian-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Indigenous peoples of the Caribbean|Indigenous]]
|religions = {{ublist|item_style=white-space:nowrap;
|{{Tree list}}
* 73.5% [[Christianity]]
** 52.3% [[Catholic Church|Catholicism]]
** 20.2% [[Protestantism]]
** 1.0% other [[Christians|Christian]]
{{Tree list/end}}
|20.6% [[Irreligion|no religion]]
|2.5% [[folk religion]]s
|2.1% [[Hinduism]]
|1.3% others&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|url=https://brill.com/view/journals/jrd/9/1-2/article-p91_2.xml|title=Religions by Continent|journal=Journal of Religion and Demography|last1=Johnson|first1=Todd M.|last2=Crossing|first2=Peter F.|volume=9|date=14 October 2022|issue=1–2|pages=91–110|doi=10.1163/2589742x-bja10013|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|demonym = [[West Indian]], [[Caribbean people|Caribbean]]
|countries = {{Collapsible list 
 | title = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the West Indies#Sovereign states|15]]
 | {{Flag|Cuba}} 
 | {{Flag|Haiti}} 
 | {{Flag|Jamaica}} 
 | {{Flag|Dominican Republic}} 
 | {{Flag|Trinidad and Tobago}} 
 | {{Flag|Guyana}} 
 | {{Flag|Suriname}} 
 | {{Flag|Barbados}}
 | {{Flag|Bahamas}} 
 | {{Flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}
 | {{Flag|Grenada}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Lucia}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}} 
 | {{Flag|Dominica}}
}} | 
|list_countries = 
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list |title = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the West Indies#Dependent territories|18]] | {{Flag|Anguilla}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|Aruba}} ([[Kingdom of the Netherlands|Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Bonaire}} ([[Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|British Virgin Islands}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|Cayman Islands}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|Curaçao}} ([[Kingdom of the Netherlands|Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Guadeloupe|local2}} ([[French Fifth Republic|France]]) | {{Flag|Martinique|territorial}} ([[French Fifth Republic|France]]) | {{Flag|Montserrat}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|Haiti}}-{{Flag|Navassa Island}} ([[United States]]) and ([[Haiti]]) | {{Flag|Puerto Rico}} ([[United States]]) | {{Flag|Saba}} ([[Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Saint Barthélemy|local}} ([[France]]) | {{Flagicon image|Local flag of the Collectivity of Saint Martin.svg}} [[Collectivity of Saint Martin|Saint Martin]] ([[France]]) |  {{Flag|Sint Eustatius}} ([[Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Sint Maarten}} ([[Kingdom of the Netherlands|Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Turks and Caicos Islands}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|US Virgin Islands}} ([[United States]])
 }}
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Caribbean Spanish|Spanish]]
* [[French language|French]]
* [[Dutch language|Dutch]]
* [[French-based creole languages|French Creoles]]
* [[English-based creole languages|English Creoles]]
* [[Dutch-based creole languages|Dutch Creoles]]
* [[Spanish-based creole languages|Spanish Creoles]]
* [[Papiamento]]
* [[Caribbean Hindustani]]
* [[Indigenous languages of the Americas|Indigenous languages]]}}
|time = [[UTC−05:00]] to [[UTC−04:00]]
|internet = [[List of Internet top-level domains|Multiple]]
|calling_code = [[List of country calling codes|Multiple]]
|cities = [[Santo Domingo]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Havana]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Port-au-Prince]]&lt;br /&gt; [[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Port of Spain]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Santiago de Cuba]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Santiago de los Caballeros]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Nassau, Bahamas|Nassau]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Camagüey]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Cap-Haïtien]]
|m49 = &lt;code&gt;029&lt;/code&gt; – [[Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – [[World]]
}}

The '''West Indies''' is an island [[subregion]] of the [[Americas]], surrounded by the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic Ocean]] and the [[Caribbean Sea]], which comprises 13 independent [[island country|island countries]] and 19 [[dependent territory|dependencies]] in three [[archipelago]]s: the [[Greater Antilles]], the [[Lesser Antilles]], and the [[Lucayan Archipelago]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=West Indies |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/geography/west-indies.html |website=World Atlas}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=West Indies (island group, Atlantic Ocean) |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/West-Indies-island-group-Atlantic-Ocean |website=Britannica}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The subregion includes all the islands in the [[Antilles]], in addition to [[The Bahamas]] and the [[Turks and Caicos Islands]], which are in the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic Ocean]]. The term is often interchangeable with &quot;[[Caribbean]]&quot;, although the latter may also include coastal regions of [[Central America|Central]] and [[South America]]n mainland nations, including [[Mexico]], [[Belize]], [[Honduras]], [[Panama]], [[Colombia]], [[Venezuela]], [[French Guiana]], [[Guyana]], and [[Suriname]], as well as the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] island nation of [[Bermuda]], all of which are culturally related but geographically distinct from the three main island groups. {{CSS image crop|Image=Atlantic continents at night by VIIRS.jpg|bSize=585|cWidth=275|cHeight=250|oTop=335|oLeft=0|Location=|Description=West Indies as seen from [[Outer space|space]] at night, 2012|Align=Left}}

== ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا ==

== حوالا ==</text>
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      <text bytes="6492" sha1="doh864cfdfdo2gkwnf39be5hskppb3m" xml:space="preserve">ويسٽ انڊيز (West Indies) [[آمريڪا کنڊ]] جو هڪ ٻيٽ وارو علائقو آهي، جيڪو اتر [[ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] ۽ [[ڪيريبئن سمنڊ|ڪيريبين سمنڊ]] سان گھريل آهي. ان ۾ تيرهه 13 [[خود مختيار رياستن جي فهرست|خودمختيار رياستون]]، اڻويهه 19 [[انحصاري علائقا]] ۽ ٽن [[ٻيٽن جا مجموعا]] (گريٽر اينٽيلس، ليسر اينٽيلس ۽ لوڪيان ٻيٽن جو مجموعو) شامل آهن.

==تفصيل==
{{Short description|Islands in North Atlantic and Caribbean}}
{{About|the island region in the Caribbean and North Atlantic Ocean}}
{{Infobox Continent
|title = West Indies
|image = Antillas (orthographic projection).svg
|area  = {{convert|239,681|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|population = {{UN_Population|Caribbean}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
|density = {{convert|151.5|/km2|abbr=on}}
|GDP_nominal = 
|GDP_per_capita = 
|ethnic_groups = [[Afro-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Latin Americans|Latin-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Indo-Caribbean|Indo-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[White Caribbean people|White-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Multiracial#Latin America and the Caribbean|Mixed-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Asian Caribbean people|Asian-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Indigenous peoples of the Caribbean|Indigenous]]
|religions = {{ublist|item_style=white-space:nowrap;
|{{Tree list}}
* 73.5% [[Christianity]]
** 52.3% [[Catholic Church|Catholicism]]
** 20.2% [[Protestantism]]
** 1.0% other [[Christians|Christian]]
{{Tree list/end}}
|20.6% [[Irreligion|no religion]]
|2.5% [[folk religion]]s
|2.1% [[Hinduism]]
|1.3% others&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|url=https://brill.com/view/journals/jrd/9/1-2/article-p91_2.xml|title=Religions by Continent|journal=Journal of Religion and Demography|last1=Johnson|first1=Todd M.|last2=Crossing|first2=Peter F.|volume=9|date=14 October 2022|issue=1–2|pages=91–110|doi=10.1163/2589742x-bja10013|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|demonym = [[West Indian]], [[Caribbean people|Caribbean]]
|countries = {{Collapsible list 
 | title = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the West Indies#Sovereign states|15]]
 | {{Flag|Cuba}} 
 | {{Flag|Haiti}} 
 | {{Flag|Jamaica}} 
 | {{Flag|Dominican Republic}} 
 | {{Flag|Trinidad and Tobago}} 
 | {{Flag|Guyana}} 
 | {{Flag|Suriname}} 
 | {{Flag|Barbados}}
 | {{Flag|Bahamas}} 
 | {{Flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}
 | {{Flag|Grenada}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Lucia}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}} 
 | {{Flag|Dominica}}
}} | 
|list_countries = 
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list |title = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the West Indies#Dependent territories|18]] | {{Flag|Anguilla}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|Aruba}} ([[Kingdom of the Netherlands|Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Bonaire}} ([[Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|British Virgin Islands}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|Cayman Islands}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|Curaçao}} ([[Kingdom of the Netherlands|Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Guadeloupe|local2}} ([[French Fifth Republic|France]]) | {{Flag|Martinique|territorial}} ([[French Fifth Republic|France]]) | {{Flag|Montserrat}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|Haiti}}-{{Flag|Navassa Island}} ([[United States]]) and ([[Haiti]]) | {{Flag|Puerto Rico}} ([[United States]]) | {{Flag|Saba}} ([[Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Saint Barthélemy|local}} ([[France]]) | {{Flagicon image|Local flag of the Collectivity of Saint Martin.svg}} [[Collectivity of Saint Martin|Saint Martin]] ([[France]]) |  {{Flag|Sint Eustatius}} ([[Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Sint Maarten}} ([[Kingdom of the Netherlands|Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Turks and Caicos Islands}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|US Virgin Islands}} ([[United States]])
 }}
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Caribbean Spanish|Spanish]]
* [[French language|French]]
* [[Dutch language|Dutch]]
* [[French-based creole languages|French Creoles]]
* [[English-based creole languages|English Creoles]]
* [[Dutch-based creole languages|Dutch Creoles]]
* [[Spanish-based creole languages|Spanish Creoles]]
* [[Papiamento]]
* [[Caribbean Hindustani]]
* [[Indigenous languages of the Americas|Indigenous languages]]}}
|time = [[UTC−05:00]] to [[UTC−04:00]]
|internet = [[List of Internet top-level domains|Multiple]]
|calling_code = [[List of country calling codes|Multiple]]
|cities = [[Santo Domingo]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Havana]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Port-au-Prince]]&lt;br /&gt; [[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Port of Spain]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Santiago de Cuba]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Santiago de los Caballeros]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Nassau, Bahamas|Nassau]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Camagüey]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Cap-Haïtien]]
|m49 = &lt;code&gt;029&lt;/code&gt; – [[Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – [[World]]
}}

The '''West Indies''' is an island [[subregion]] of the [[Americas]], surrounded by the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic Ocean]] and the [[Caribbean Sea]], which comprises 13 independent [[island country|island countries]] and 19 [[dependent territory|dependencies]] in three [[archipelago]]s: the [[Greater Antilles]], the [[Lesser Antilles]], and the [[Lucayan Archipelago]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=West Indies |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/geography/west-indies.html |website=World Atlas}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=West Indies (island group, Atlantic Ocean) |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/West-Indies-island-group-Atlantic-Ocean |website=Britannica}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The subregion includes all the islands in the [[Antilles]], in addition to [[The Bahamas]] and the [[Turks and Caicos Islands]], which are in the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic Ocean]]. The term is often interchangeable with &quot;[[Caribbean]]&quot;, although the latter may also include coastal regions of [[Central America|Central]] and [[South America]]n mainland nations, including [[Mexico]], [[Belize]], [[Honduras]], [[Panama]], [[Colombia]], [[Venezuela]], [[French Guiana]], [[Guyana]], and [[Suriname]], as well as the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] island nation of [[Bermuda]], all of which are culturally related but geographically distinct from the three main island groups. {{CSS image crop|Image=Atlantic continents at night by VIIRS.jpg|bSize=585|cWidth=275|cHeight=250|oTop=335|oLeft=0|Location=|Description=West Indies as seen from [[Outer space|space]] at night, 2012|Align=Left}}

== ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا ==


[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:جاگرافي]]

== حوالا ==</text>
      <sha1>doh864cfdfdo2gkwnf39be5hskppb3m</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>321526</id>
      <parentid>321520</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-07-04T06:45:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ibne maryam</username>
        <id>17680</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* حوالا */</comment>
      <origin>321526</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6519" sha1="r57m9vmvftiamlr71phpawcw6q4l53l" xml:space="preserve">ويسٽ انڊيز (West Indies) [[آمريڪا کنڊ]] جو هڪ ٻيٽ وارو علائقو آهي، جيڪو اتر [[ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] ۽ [[ڪيريبئن سمنڊ|ڪيريبين سمنڊ]] سان گھريل آهي. ان ۾ تيرهه 13 [[خود مختيار رياستن جي فهرست|خودمختيار رياستون]]، اڻويهه 19 [[انحصاري علائقا]] ۽ ٽن [[ٻيٽن جا مجموعا]] (گريٽر اينٽيلس، ليسر اينٽيلس ۽ لوڪيان ٻيٽن جو مجموعو) شامل آهن.

==تفصيل==
{{Short description|Islands in North Atlantic and Caribbean}}
{{About|the island region in the Caribbean and North Atlantic Ocean}}
{{Infobox Continent
|title = West Indies
|image = Antillas (orthographic projection).svg
|area  = {{convert|239,681|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|population = {{UN_Population|Caribbean}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
|density = {{convert|151.5|/km2|abbr=on}}
|GDP_nominal = 
|GDP_per_capita = 
|ethnic_groups = [[Afro-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Latin Americans|Latin-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Indo-Caribbean|Indo-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[White Caribbean people|White-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Multiracial#Latin America and the Caribbean|Mixed-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Asian Caribbean people|Asian-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Indigenous peoples of the Caribbean|Indigenous]]
|religions = {{ublist|item_style=white-space:nowrap;
|{{Tree list}}
* 73.5% [[Christianity]]
** 52.3% [[Catholic Church|Catholicism]]
** 20.2% [[Protestantism]]
** 1.0% other [[Christians|Christian]]
{{Tree list/end}}
|20.6% [[Irreligion|no religion]]
|2.5% [[folk religion]]s
|2.1% [[Hinduism]]
|1.3% others&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|url=https://brill.com/view/journals/jrd/9/1-2/article-p91_2.xml|title=Religions by Continent|journal=Journal of Religion and Demography|last1=Johnson|first1=Todd M.|last2=Crossing|first2=Peter F.|volume=9|date=14 October 2022|issue=1–2|pages=91–110|doi=10.1163/2589742x-bja10013|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|demonym = [[West Indian]], [[Caribbean people|Caribbean]]
|countries = {{Collapsible list 
 | title = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the West Indies#Sovereign states|15]]
 | {{Flag|Cuba}} 
 | {{Flag|Haiti}} 
 | {{Flag|Jamaica}} 
 | {{Flag|Dominican Republic}} 
 | {{Flag|Trinidad and Tobago}} 
 | {{Flag|Guyana}} 
 | {{Flag|Suriname}} 
 | {{Flag|Barbados}}
 | {{Flag|Bahamas}} 
 | {{Flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}
 | {{Flag|Grenada}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Lucia}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}} 
 | {{Flag|Dominica}}
}} | 
|list_countries = 
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list |title = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the West Indies#Dependent territories|18]] | {{Flag|Anguilla}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|Aruba}} ([[Kingdom of the Netherlands|Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Bonaire}} ([[Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|British Virgin Islands}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|Cayman Islands}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|Curaçao}} ([[Kingdom of the Netherlands|Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Guadeloupe|local2}} ([[French Fifth Republic|France]]) | {{Flag|Martinique|territorial}} ([[French Fifth Republic|France]]) | {{Flag|Montserrat}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|Haiti}}-{{Flag|Navassa Island}} ([[United States]]) and ([[Haiti]]) | {{Flag|Puerto Rico}} ([[United States]]) | {{Flag|Saba}} ([[Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Saint Barthélemy|local}} ([[France]]) | {{Flagicon image|Local flag of the Collectivity of Saint Martin.svg}} [[Collectivity of Saint Martin|Saint Martin]] ([[France]]) |  {{Flag|Sint Eustatius}} ([[Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Sint Maarten}} ([[Kingdom of the Netherlands|Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Turks and Caicos Islands}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|US Virgin Islands}} ([[United States]])
 }}
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Caribbean Spanish|Spanish]]
* [[French language|French]]
* [[Dutch language|Dutch]]
* [[French-based creole languages|French Creoles]]
* [[English-based creole languages|English Creoles]]
* [[Dutch-based creole languages|Dutch Creoles]]
* [[Spanish-based creole languages|Spanish Creoles]]
* [[Papiamento]]
* [[Caribbean Hindustani]]
* [[Indigenous languages of the Americas|Indigenous languages]]}}
|time = [[UTC−05:00]] to [[UTC−04:00]]
|internet = [[List of Internet top-level domains|Multiple]]
|calling_code = [[List of country calling codes|Multiple]]
|cities = [[Santo Domingo]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Havana]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Port-au-Prince]]&lt;br /&gt; [[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Port of Spain]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Santiago de Cuba]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Santiago de los Caballeros]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Nassau, Bahamas|Nassau]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Camagüey]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Cap-Haïtien]]
|m49 = &lt;code&gt;029&lt;/code&gt; – [[Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – [[World]]
}}

The '''West Indies''' is an island [[subregion]] of the [[Americas]], surrounded by the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic Ocean]] and the [[Caribbean Sea]], which comprises 13 independent [[island country|island countries]] and 19 [[dependent territory|dependencies]] in three [[archipelago]]s: the [[Greater Antilles]], the [[Lesser Antilles]], and the [[Lucayan Archipelago]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=West Indies |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/geography/west-indies.html |website=World Atlas}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=West Indies (island group, Atlantic Ocean) |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/West-Indies-island-group-Atlantic-Ocean |website=Britannica}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The subregion includes all the islands in the [[Antilles]], in addition to [[The Bahamas]] and the [[Turks and Caicos Islands]], which are in the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic Ocean]]. The term is often interchangeable with &quot;[[Caribbean]]&quot;, although the latter may also include coastal regions of [[Central America|Central]] and [[South America]]n mainland nations, including [[Mexico]], [[Belize]], [[Honduras]], [[Panama]], [[Colombia]], [[Venezuela]], [[French Guiana]], [[Guyana]], and [[Suriname]], as well as the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] island nation of [[Bermuda]], all of which are culturally related but geographically distinct from the three main island groups. {{CSS image crop|Image=Atlantic continents at night by VIIRS.jpg|bSize=585|cWidth=275|cHeight=250|oTop=335|oLeft=0|Location=|Description=West Indies as seen from [[Outer space|space]] at night, 2012|Align=Left}}

== ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا ==


[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:جاگرافي]]

== حوالا ==

[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]</text>
      <sha1>r57m9vmvftiamlr71phpawcw6q4l53l</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>321531</id>
      <parentid>321526</parentid>
      <timestamp>2025-07-04T07:33:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>KaleemBot</username>
        <id>10779</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>خودڪار: [[زمرو:تاريخي علائقا]] جو اضافو + ترتيب</comment>
      <origin>321531</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6554" sha1="rgjxxx4evvbqsxh4j60pprpadx8pip7" xml:space="preserve">ويسٽ انڊيز (West Indies) [[آمريڪا کنڊ]] جو هڪ ٻيٽ وارو علائقو آهي، جيڪو اتر [[ايٽلانٽڪ سمنڊ]] ۽ [[ڪيريبئن سمنڊ|ڪيريبين سمنڊ]] سان گھريل آهي. ان ۾ تيرهه 13 [[خود مختيار رياستن جي فهرست|خودمختيار رياستون]]، اڻويهه 19 [[انحصاري علائقا]] ۽ ٽن [[ٻيٽن جا مجموعا]] (گريٽر اينٽيلس، ليسر اينٽيلس ۽ لوڪيان ٻيٽن جو مجموعو) شامل آهن.

==تفصيل==
{{Short description|Islands in North Atlantic and Caribbean}}
{{About|the island region in the Caribbean and North Atlantic Ocean}}
{{Infobox Continent
|title = West Indies
|image = Antillas (orthographic projection).svg
|area  = {{convert|239,681|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}
|population = {{UN_Population|Caribbean}}{{UN_Population|ref}}
|density = {{convert|151.5|/km2|abbr=on}}
|GDP_nominal = 
|GDP_per_capita = 
|ethnic_groups = [[Afro-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Latin Americans|Latin-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Indo-Caribbean|Indo-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[White Caribbean people|White-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Multiracial#Latin America and the Caribbean|Mixed-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Asian Caribbean people|Asian-Caribbean]]&lt;br/&gt;[[Indigenous peoples of the Caribbean|Indigenous]]
|religions = {{ublist|item_style=white-space:nowrap;
|{{Tree list}}
* 73.5% [[Christianity]]
** 52.3% [[Catholic Church|Catholicism]]
** 20.2% [[Protestantism]]
** 1.0% other [[Christians|Christian]]
{{Tree list/end}}
|20.6% [[Irreligion|no religion]]
|2.5% [[folk religion]]s
|2.1% [[Hinduism]]
|1.3% others&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal|url=https://brill.com/view/journals/jrd/9/1-2/article-p91_2.xml|title=Religions by Continent|journal=Journal of Religion and Demography|last1=Johnson|first1=Todd M.|last2=Crossing|first2=Peter F.|volume=9|date=14 October 2022|issue=1–2|pages=91–110|doi=10.1163/2589742x-bja10013|url-access=subscription}}&lt;/ref&gt;}}
|demonym = [[West Indian]], [[Caribbean people|Caribbean]]
|countries = {{Collapsible list 
 | title = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the West Indies#Sovereign states|15]]
 | {{Flag|Cuba}} 
 | {{Flag|Haiti}} 
 | {{Flag|Jamaica}} 
 | {{Flag|Dominican Republic}} 
 | {{Flag|Trinidad and Tobago}} 
 | {{Flag|Guyana}} 
 | {{Flag|Suriname}} 
 | {{Flag|Barbados}}
 | {{Flag|Bahamas}} 
 | {{Flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}
 | {{Flag|Grenada}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Lucia}} 
 | {{Flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}} 
 | {{Flag|Dominica}}
}} | 
|list_countries = 
|dependencies = {{Collapsible list |title = [[List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the West Indies#Dependent territories|18]] | {{Flag|Anguilla}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|Aruba}} ([[Kingdom of the Netherlands|Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Bonaire}} ([[Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|British Virgin Islands}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|Cayman Islands}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|Curaçao}} ([[Kingdom of the Netherlands|Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Guadeloupe|local2}} ([[French Fifth Republic|France]]) | {{Flag|Martinique|territorial}} ([[French Fifth Republic|France]]) | {{Flag|Montserrat}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|Haiti}}-{{Flag|Navassa Island}} ([[United States]]) and ([[Haiti]]) | {{Flag|Puerto Rico}} ([[United States]]) | {{Flag|Saba}} ([[Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Saint Barthélemy|local}} ([[France]]) | {{Flagicon image|Local flag of the Collectivity of Saint Martin.svg}} [[Collectivity of Saint Martin|Saint Martin]] ([[France]]) |  {{Flag|Sint Eustatius}} ([[Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Sint Maarten}} ([[Kingdom of the Netherlands|Netherlands]]) | {{Flag|Turks and Caicos Islands}} ([[The Crown|UK]]) | {{Flag|US Virgin Islands}} ([[United States]])
 }}
|languages = {{Plainlist|
* [[Caribbean English|English]]
* [[Caribbean Spanish|Spanish]]
* [[French language|French]]
* [[Dutch language|Dutch]]
* [[French-based creole languages|French Creoles]]
* [[English-based creole languages|English Creoles]]
* [[Dutch-based creole languages|Dutch Creoles]]
* [[Spanish-based creole languages|Spanish Creoles]]
* [[Papiamento]]
* [[Caribbean Hindustani]]
* [[Indigenous languages of the Americas|Indigenous languages]]}}
|time = [[UTC−05:00]] to [[UTC−04:00]]
|internet = [[List of Internet top-level domains|Multiple]]
|calling_code = [[List of country calling codes|Multiple]]
|cities = [[Santo Domingo]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Havana]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Port-au-Prince]]&lt;br /&gt; [[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Port of Spain]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]]&lt;br /&gt;[[Santiago de Cuba]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Santiago de los Caballeros]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Nassau, Bahamas|Nassau]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Camagüey]]&lt;br /&gt; [[Cap-Haïtien]]
|m49 = &lt;code&gt;029&lt;/code&gt; – [[Caribbean]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;419&lt;/code&gt; – [[Latin America]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;019&lt;/code&gt; – [[Americas]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;code&gt;001&lt;/code&gt; – [[World]]
}}

The '''West Indies''' is an island [[subregion]] of the [[Americas]], surrounded by the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic Ocean]] and the [[Caribbean Sea]], which comprises 13 independent [[island country|island countries]] and 19 [[dependent territory|dependencies]] in three [[archipelago]]s: the [[Greater Antilles]], the [[Lesser Antilles]], and the [[Lucayan Archipelago]].&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=West Indies |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/geography/west-indies.html |website=World Atlas}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=West Indies (island group, Atlantic Ocean) |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/West-Indies-island-group-Atlantic-Ocean |website=Britannica}}&lt;/ref&gt;

The subregion includes all the islands in the [[Antilles]], in addition to [[The Bahamas]] and the [[Turks and Caicos Islands]], which are in the [[Atlantic Ocean|North Atlantic Ocean]]. The term is often interchangeable with &quot;[[Caribbean]]&quot;, although the latter may also include coastal regions of [[Central America|Central]] and [[South America]]n mainland nations, including [[Mexico]], [[Belize]], [[Honduras]], [[Panama]], [[Colombia]], [[Venezuela]], [[French Guiana]], [[Guyana]], and [[Suriname]], as well as the [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] island nation of [[Bermuda]], all of which are culturally related but geographically distinct from the three main island groups. {{CSS image crop|Image=Atlantic continents at night by VIIRS.jpg|bSize=585|cWidth=275|cHeight=250|oTop=335|oLeft=0|Location=|Description=West Indies as seen from [[Outer space|space]] at night, 2012|Align=Left}}

== ٻاهريان ڳنڍڻا ==

== حوالا ==
[[زمرو:تاريخي علائقا]]
[[زمرو:جاگرافي]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]
[[زمرو:آمريڪا]]</text>
      <sha1>rgjxxx4evvbqsxh4j60pprpadx8pip7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>واپرائيندڙ بحث:Username ali</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>83305</id>
    <revision>
      <id>321538</id>
      <timestamp>2025-07-04T10:42:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>KaleemBot</username>
        <id>10779</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>ڀليڪار!</comment>
      <origin>321538</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4355" sha1="tgc52umy5fd9h832nbmyp4bgp603zuz" xml:space="preserve">
{{سانچو:سماجي ڳنڍڻن تي سنڌي وڪيپيڊيا}}
&lt;div style=&quot;padding:5px;font-size:medium&quot;&gt;&lt;center style=&quot;word-spacing:1ex&quot;&gt;[[Wikipedia:سفارتخانو|سفارتخاني جي صفحي تي پنھنجون سفارشون ڏيو]] &lt;/center&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
{| bgcolor=&quot;#ADDFAD&quot; align=center style=&quot;width:100% !important; -moz-border-radius: 1em;-webkit-border-radius:1em;border-radius:1em; border-top:2px dashed #3eb2c9;border-bottom:2px dashed #3eb2c9;padding: 5px 20px 25px;&quot;
|&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:MB Lateefi;float:left&quot;&gt;'''[[Wikipedia:سفارتخانو|سفارتخانو]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;tabber horizTabBox&quot; style=&quot;width: 100% !important;&quot;&gt;
[[عڪس:Wikipedia laurier wp.png|left|200px]]
&lt;center&gt;&lt;big&gt;'''بزمِ سنڌي وڪيپيڊيا ۾ ڀلي ڪري آيا''' ''{{PAGENAME}}'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/center&gt;''

'''السلام عليڪم! اسان اميد ڪريون ٿا تہ توھان سنڌي وڪيپيڊيا جي لاء بھترين اضافو ثابت ٿيندئو'''.&lt;br&gt;
* وڪيپيڊيا ھڪ کليل ڄاڻ چيڪلو آھي جنھن کي اسان سڀ ملي ڪري لکندا ۽ سنواريندا آھيون. وڪيپيڊيا منصوبي جي شروعات جنوري 2001ع ۾ ٿي، جڏھن تہ سنڌي وڪيپيڊيا فيبروري 2006ع  ۾  عمل آئي. في الحال ھن وڪيپيڊيا ۾ '''{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}''' [[Special:Allpages|مضمون]] موجود آھن.&lt;br /&gt;
* ھن چيڪلي (انسائيڪلوپيڊيا) ۾ توھان مضمون نويسي، سنوار ۽ تصحيح کان پھريان ھيٺين صفحن تي ضرور نظر وجھو.'''
* صفحن جي ظاھريت جي تبديلي ۽ طریقيڪار جي لاءِ ڏسو '''[[خاص:ترجيحات|ترجيحون]]'''.

&lt;Font - size=4&gt; '''اصول ۽ قاعدا''' &lt;/Font - size&gt;

&lt;Font - size=3&gt;  '''توھان جو واپرائيندڙ ۽ بحث صفحو''' &lt;/Font - size&gt;&lt;br&gt;
ھتي توھانجو [[خاص:Mypage|'''مخصوص واپرائيندڙ صفحو بہ ھوندو''']] جتي توھان [[:زمرو:يوزر سانچا|پنھنجو تعارف لکي سگھو ٿا]]، ۽ توهانجي [[خاص:Mytalk|واپرائيندڙ بحث]] تي ٻيا رڪنَ توھان سان رابطو ڪري سگھن ٿا ۽ توھان ڏي پيغام موڪلي سگھن ٿا.
* '''ڪنھن ٻئي رڪن کي پيغام موڪلڻ وقت ھنن امرن جو خاص خيال رکو''':
** '''جيڪڏھن ضرورت هجي تہ پيغام کي عنوان ضرور ڏيو'''.
** '''پيغام جي آخر ۾ پنهنجي صحيح ضرور وجھو، ان جي لاءِ هي علامت درج ڪريو'''--&amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126;&amp;#126;''' يا ھن ([[عڪس:Insert-signature.png|link=]]) بٽڻ تي ٽڙڪ ڪريو'''.
** '''[[Wikipedia:اصول بحث|اظھار بحث جي آدابن]] جو خصوصي خيال رکو'''.

&lt;Font - size=3&gt; '''تعاون''' &lt;/Font - size&gt;

* '''وڪيپيڊيا جي ڪنھن بہ صفحي جي سڄي پاسي ڳوليو جو خانو نظر ايندو آھي. جنھن موضوع تي مضمون ٺاھڻ چاھيو تہ ڳوليو جي خاني ۾ لکو، ۽ ڳوليو تي ٽڙڪ ڪريو'''.
&lt;inputbox&gt;type=search&lt;/inputbox&gt;
* '''توھان جي موضوع سان ملندڙ جلندڙ صفحا نظر ايندا. اھو اطمينان ڪرڻ کان پوء تہ توھان جي گهربل موضوع تي پھريان کان مضمون موجود ناھي، توھان نئون صفحو ٺاھي سگھو ٿا  واضع هجي تہ ھڪ موضوع تي ھڪ کان وڌيڪ مضمون ٺاھڻ جي اجازت ناھي. توھان ھيٺ ڏنل خانو بہ استعمال ڪري سگھو ٿا'''.
&lt;inputbox&gt;type=create&lt;/inputbox&gt;
*  '''لکڻ کان پهرئين ھن ڳالھ جو يقين ڪريو تہ جنھن عنوان تي توھان لکي رھيا آھيو ان تي يا ان سان ملندڙ عنوانن تي وڪي ۾ ڪوئي مضمون نہ ھجي. ان جي لاء توھان ڳوليو جي خاني ۾ عنوان ۽ ان جا هم معنيٰ لفظ (اهڙا لفظ جن جي معني هڪ هجي) لکي ڳولا ڪريو'''.&lt;/center&gt;
|} -- توھان جي مدد جي لاء ھر وقت حاضر، اوهان جو خادم --[[واپرائيندڙ:KaleemBot|KaleemBot]] ([[واپرائيندڙ بحث:KaleemBot|ڳالھ]]) 10:42, 4 جُولاءِ 2025 ( يو.ٽي.سي)</text>
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    <title>اسپغول جو ٻوٽو (پلانٽئگو اوواٽا)</title>
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      <comment>صفحي &quot;[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1297745684|Plantago ovata]]&quot; جي شروعاتي ڀاڱي جو ترجمو ڪندي سرجيو ويو</comment>
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اسپ گل|ھن معني=پلانٽاگو اوواٽا&lt;br&gt;اسپغول&lt;br&gt;اسبغول&lt;br&gt;
اسپ گل}}
[[File:بارهنگ_در_آبپخش.jpg|thumb|آب پخش ۾ پلانٽاگو اووتا]]

'''''پلانٽيگو اوواٽا''''' ، ڪيترن ئي عام نالن سان سڃاتو وڃي ٿو جن ۾ '''بلونڊ پلانٽين'''،  '''ريگستاني هندي ڪڻڪ'''، &lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|url=http://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile?symbol=PLOV|title=USDA PLANTS|access-date=10 June 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  '''بلونڊ''' '''سائيليم''' &lt;ref name=&quot;GRIN&quot;&gt;{{Citation|url=https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=28790|title=USDA GRIN Taxonomy|access-date=10 June 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; ۽ '''اسبغول''' شامل آهن، &lt;ref name=&quot;GRIN&quot; /&gt; ميڊيٽرينين علائقي جو اصل آهي ۽ وج، اوڀر ۽ ڏکڻ ايشيا ۽ اتر آمريڪا ۾ قدرتي طور تي پيدا ٿئي ٿو. &lt;ref&gt;{{حوالو ويب|url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&amp;taxon_id=250095355|title=Plantago ovata in Flora of China @ efloras.org|website=www.efloras.org|access-date=2020-12-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;

اهو اسابگھول [[اسپنگر|سائيليم]] (psyllium)، هڪ قسم جو غذائي فائبر جو هڪ عام ذريعو آهي.  سائيليم ٻج جا ٿلڪا ( اسابگھول) هضم نه ٿيندڙ آهن ۽ حل ٿيندڙ فائبر, جن کي, [[Butyric acid|بائيٽريٽ پيدا ڪندڙ بيڪٽيريا]] طرفان بائيٽرڪ ايسڊ, هڪ [[Short-chain fatty acid|مختصر زنجير فيٽي ايسڊ]] ۾ خمير ڪري سگهجي ٿو, جو ذريعو آهن. &lt;ref name=&quot;Jov&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Jovanovski|first=Elena|last2=Yashpal|first2=Shahen|last3=Komishon|first3=Allison|last4=Zurbau|first4=Andreea|last5=Blanco Mejia|first5=Sonia|last6=Ho|first6=Hoang Vi Thanh|last7=Li|first7=Dandan|last8=Sievenpiper|first8=John|last9=Duvnjak|first9=Lea|displayauthors=3|date=15 September 2018|title=Effect of psyllium (''Plantago ovata'') fiber on LDL cholesterol and alternative lipid targets, non-HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials|journal=The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition|volume=108|issue=5|pages=922–932|doi=10.1093/ajcn/nqy115|issn=0002-9165|pmid=30239559|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; پلانٽاگو اوواٽا سائيليم تي مشتمل تجارتي شين ( اسابگھول) جو سڀ کان مشهور ذريعو آهي. &lt;ref&gt;{{ڪتابن مان حوالا|title=Encyclopedia of Food Chemistry|publisher=Elsevier|year=2019|isbn=978-0-12-814045-1|editor-last=Melton|editor-first=Laurence|location=Netherlands|page=62|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="3398" sha1="onx6dd4omhv853hi1yi28bfzfiupvdy" xml:space="preserve">{{Speciesbox|image=Plantago ovata form.jpg|genus=Plantago|species=ovata|authority=[[Forssk.]]|image caption=پلانٽاگو اوواٽا&lt;br&gt;اسپغول&lt;br&gt;اسبغول&lt;br&gt;
اسپ گل|ھن معني=پلانٽاگو اوواٽا&lt;br&gt;اسپغول&lt;br&gt;اسبغول&lt;br&gt;
اسپ گل}}
[[File:بارهنگ_در_آبپخش.jpg|thumb|آب پخش ۾ پلانٽاگو اووتا]]

'''پلانٽاگو اوواٽا''' (Plantago ovata)، ڪيترن ئي عام نالن سان سڃاتو وڃي ٿو جن ۾ بلونڊ پلانٽين (blonde plantain)، ريگستاني هندي ڪڻڪ (desert Indianwheat)،&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|url=http://plants.usda.gov/plant-profile?symbol=PLOV|title=USDA PLANTS|access-date=10 June 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt;  بلونڊ سائيليم (blond psyllium)&lt;ref name=&quot;GRIN&quot;&gt;{{Citation|url=https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=28790|title=USDA GRIN Taxonomy|access-date=10 June 2016}}&lt;/ref&gt; ۽ '''اسبغول''' شامل آهن،&lt;ref name=&quot;GRIN&quot; /&gt; ميڊيٽرينين علائقي جو اصل آهي ۽ وج، اوڀر ۽ ڏکڻ ايشيا ۽ اتر آمريڪا ۾ قدرتي طور تي پيدا ٿئي ٿو.&lt;ref&gt;{{حوالو ويب|url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&amp;taxon_id=250095355|title=Plantago ovata in Flora of China @ efloras.org|website=www.efloras.org|access-date=2020-12-07}}&lt;/ref&gt;

اهو اسابگھول [[اسپنگر|سائيليم]] (psyllium)، هڪ قسم جو غذائي فائبر جو هڪ عام ذريعو آهي. سائيليم ٻج جا ٿلڪا (اسابگھول) هضم نه ٿيندڙ آهن ۽ حل ٿيندڙ فائبر, جن کي, [[Butyric acid|بائيٽريٽ پيدا ڪندڙ بيڪٽيريا]] طرفان بائيٽرڪ ايسڊ, هڪ [[Short-chain fatty acid|مختصر زنجير فيٽي ايسڊ]] ۾ خمير ڪري سگهجي ٿو, جو ذريعو آهن. &lt;ref name=&quot;Jov&quot;&gt;{{Cite journal|last=Jovanovski|first=Elena|last2=Yashpal|first2=Shahen|last3=Komishon|first3=Allison|last4=Zurbau|first4=Andreea|last5=Blanco Mejia|first5=Sonia|last6=Ho|first6=Hoang Vi Thanh|last7=Li|first7=Dandan|last8=Sievenpiper|first8=John|last9=Duvnjak|first9=Lea|displayauthors=3|date=15 September 2018|title=Effect of psyllium (''Plantago ovata'') fiber on LDL cholesterol and alternative lipid targets, non-HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein B: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials|journal=The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition|volume=108|issue=5|pages=922–932|doi=10.1093/ajcn/nqy115|issn=0002-9165|pmid=30239559|doi-access=free}}&lt;/ref&gt; پلانٽاگو اوواٽا سائيليم تي مشتمل تجارتي شين ( اسابگھول) جو سڀ کان مشهور ذريعو آهي. &lt;ref&gt;{{ڪتابن مان حوالا|title=Encyclopedia of Food Chemistry|publisher=Elsevier|year=2019|isbn=978-0-12-814045-1|editor-last=Melton|editor-first=Laurence|location=Netherlands|page=62|language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;


پلانٽاگو اوواٽا (Plantago ovata)، (ڪيترن ئي عام نالن سان سڃاتو وڃي ٿو جن ۾ شامل آهن؛ ، ريگستاني انڊين ڪڻڪ ()، بلونڊ سائل يئم ۽ اسابگھول)، ميڊيٽرينين علائقي جو اصل آهي ۽ مرڪزي، اوڀر ۽ ڏکڻ ايشيا ۽ اتر آمريڪا ۾ قدرتي طور تي پيدا ٿيو آهي.

پلانٽاگو اوواٽا جو ٻوٽو 
 [[ ٻوٽا]]

اوواٽ</text>
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