ဝီႇၶီႇၽီးတီးယႃး shnwiki https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%BC%E1%82%83%E1%82%88%E1%82%81%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%82%81%E1%82%85%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88 MediaWiki 1.45.0-wmf.4 first-letter သိုဝ်ႇၶၢဝ်ႇ ၶိုၵ်ႉတွၼ်း ဢုပ်ႇၵုမ် ၽူႈၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်း ဢုပ်ႇၵုမ် ၽူႈၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်း ဝီႇၶီႇၽီးတီးယႃး ဢုပ်ႇၵုမ် ဝီႇၶီႇၽီးတီးယႃး ၾၢႆႇ ဢုပ်ႇၵုမ် ၾၢႆႇ မီႇတီႇယႃႇဝီႇၶီႇ ဢုပ်ႇၵုမ် မီႇတီႇယႃႇဝီႇၶီႇ ထႅမ်းပလဵတ်ႉ ဢုပ်ႇၵုမ် ထႅမ်းပလဵတ်ႉ လွင်ႈၸွႆႈထႅမ် ဢုပ်ႇၵုမ် လွင်ႈၸွႆႈထႅမ် ပိူင်ထၢၼ်ႈ ဢုပ်ႇၵုမ် ပိူင်ထၢၼ်ႈ ၵိူၼ်ႇတူ တွၼ်ႈဢုပ်ႇ ၵိူၼ်ႇတူ TimedText TimedText talk မေႃႇၵျူး ဢုပ်ႇၵုမ် မေႃႇၵျူး 0 4500 112183 103432 2025-06-13T08:57:56Z Saimawnkham 5 /* ပိုၼ်းး */ 112183 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း''' ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ၼႃႈလိၵ် ဢၼ်မၵ်းမၼ်ႈဝႆႉ [[:en:Standard_time|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] ပဵၼ်တၢင်းၵၢၼ် တွၼ်ႈတႃႇႁႂ်ႈမၼ်းပေႃးမႅၼ်ႈၽဵင်ႇၵၼ် တီႈ လွင်ႈသိုဝ်ႉၶၢႆပၢႆးမၢၵ်ႈမီး၊ လွင်ႈတၢင်းတူင်ႇဝူင်းၵူၼ်းၵူႈသမ်ႇသမ်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼႆႉ ၵႆႉၸႅၵ်ႇသေမၵ်းမၼ်ႈ ၸွမ်းၼၼ်ႇ သၢႆၶႅၼ်ႈလိၼ်မိူင်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉမၵ်းမၼ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸိူင်ႉၼၼ်သေ တီႈၼႂ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ၸိူဝ်းပဵၼ် ၵၢၼ်ၵႃႉၵၢၼ်ၶၢႆလႄႈသင်၊ ၵၢၼ်ၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇလႄႈသင် တေၸၢင်ႈႁဵတ်းႁႂ်ႈမၼ်းၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈ ၼႂ်းၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်လဵဝ်ၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း မိူင်းၸိူဝ်းမီးၼႂ်းၵမ်ႇၽႃႇၼႆႉ ၵမ်ႉၼမ်တႄႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ယၢမ်းမူင်းတဵမ် (UTC−12 to UTC+14) ၼင်ႇၵႃႈတီႈ [[Coordinated Universal Time]] (UTC)သေ မိူင်းၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈတႄႉ ၸႂ်ႉဝႆႉ 30 လႄႈ 45 မိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ (တူဝ်ယၢင်ႇမၼ်း [[:en:Newfoundland_Time_Zone|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ၼဵဝ်းၽွင်းလႅၼ်း]] - UTC−03:30၊ [[:en:Nepal_Time|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ၼီႇပေႃး]] - UTC+05:45၊ [[လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းမျၢၼ်ႇမႃႇ]] - UTC +06:30၊  [[:en:Indian_Standard_Time|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး]] - UTC+05:30) မိူင်းဢၼ် လတ်ႉတိၵျူႉသုင်ၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ [[:en:Daylight_saving_time|ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၶၢဝ်းမႆႈ]] ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ပေႃးထိုင်ၶၢဝ်းမႆႈၸိုင် သုတ်ႉၽၢႆႇၼႃႈ ၼိုင်ႈၸူဝ်ႈမူင်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ == List of UTC offsets == {{Main|List of UTC time offsets}} <!-- Please do not use time zone maps that have fixed file names with fixed dates. They are never updated and are only used for historical reference. --> [[File:World time zones.svg|800px|thumb|center|Time zones of the world]] In the table below, the locations that use daylight saving time (DST) are listed in their UTC offset when DST is ''not'' in effect. When DST is in effect, approximately during spring and summer, their UTC offset is increased by one hour (except for [[Lord Howe Island]], where it is increased by 30 minutes). For example, during the DST period [[California]] observes [[UTC−07:00]] and the [[United Kingdom]] observes [[UTC+01:00]]. {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; line-height:1.2" |- ! UTC offset ! colspan=2|Locations that do not use DST ! colspan=2|Locations that use DST |- | [[UTC−12:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||style=width:40%|<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Baker Island}}<br>{{flag|Howland Island}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||style=width:60%| |- | [[UTC−11:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|American Samoa}}<br>{{flag|Jarvis Island}}<br>{{flag|Kingman Reef}}<br>{{flag|Midway Atoll}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Niue}}<br>{{flag|Palmyra Atoll}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC−10:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Cook Islands}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag|French Polynesia}} (most)}}{{flag|Johnston Atoll}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Hawaii|Hawaii]]</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Andreanof Islands]], [[Islands of Four Mountains]], [[Near Islands]], [[Rat Islands]] ([[Aleutian Islands]], [[Alaska]]) |- | [[UTC−09:30]] | style=background:#CD61FF| ||{{flag|ပေႃႇလီႇၼေးသျႃး ၶွင် ၾရၢင်ႇသဵတ်ႈ}}: [[Marquesas Islands]] | style=background:#9900E0| || |- | [[UTC−09:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||{{flag|French Polynesia}}: [[Gambier Islands]] | style=background:#0400CD| ||{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Alaska|Alaska]] (most) |- | [[UTC−08:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||{{flag|Clipperton Island}}<br>{{flag|Pitcairn Islands}} | style=background:#00BF63| ||<div style="column-width:20em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[British Columbia]] (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Baja California]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in California|California]], [[Time in Idaho|Idaho]] (north), [[Time in Nevada|Nevada]] (most), [[Time in Oregon|Oregon]] (most), [[Washington (state)|Washington]]</div> |- | [[UTC−07:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[British Columbia]] (northeast), [[Yukon]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Baja California Sur]], [[Nayarit]] (most), [[Sinaloa]], [[Sonora]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Arizona|Arizona]] (most) | style=background:#D3D800| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Alberta]], [[British Columbia]] (southeast), [[Northwest Territories]], [[Time in Nunavut|Nunavut]] (west), [[Time in Saskatchewan|Saskatchewan]] ([[Lloydminster]] area)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]] (northwest border)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Arizona|Arizona]] ([[Navajo Nation]]), [[Colorado]], [[Time in Idaho|Idaho]] (most), [[Time in Kansas|Kansas]] (west), [[Montana]], [[Time in Nebraska|Nebraska]] (west), [[New Mexico]], [[Time in Nevada|Nevada]] (northeast border), [[Time in North Dakota|North Dakota]] (southwest), [[Time in Oregon|Oregon]] (east), [[Time in South Dakota|South Dakota]] (west), [[Time in Texas|Texas]] (west), [[Utah]], [[Wyoming]] |- | [[UTC−06:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Belize}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Time in Saskatchewan|Saskatchewan]] (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Costa Rica}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Ecuador}}: [[Galápagos Province|Galápagos]]}}{{flag|El Salvador}}<br>{{flag|Guatemala}}<br>{{flag|Honduras}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}} (most)<br>{{flag|Nicaragua}}</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||<div style="column-width:20em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Manitoba]], [[Time in Nunavut|Nunavut]] (central), [[Ontario]] (west)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Chile}}: [[Easter Island]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}} (northeast border)<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Alabama|Alabama]], [[Arkansas]], [[Time in Florida|Florida]] (northwest), [[Illinois]], [[Time in Indiana|Indiana]] (northwest, southwest), [[Iowa]], [[Time in Kansas|Kansas]] (most), [[Time in Kentucky|Kentucky]] (west), [[Louisiana]], [[Time in Michigan|Michigan]] (northwest border), [[Minnesota]], [[Mississippi]], [[Missouri]], [[Time in Nebraska|Nebraska]] (most), [[Time in North Dakota|North Dakota]] (most), [[Oklahoma]], [[Time in South Dakota|South Dakota]] (most), [[Time in Tennessee|Tennessee]] (most), [[Time in Texas|Texas]] (most), [[Wisconsin]]}}</div> |- | [[UTC−05:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}}: [[Acre (state)|Acre]], [[Amazonas (Brazilian state)|Amazonas]] (southwest)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Atikokan]], [[Mishkeegogamang First Nation|Mishkeegogamang]], [[Southampton Island]]<br>{{flag|Cayman Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Colombia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ecuador}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Jamaica}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Quintana Roo]]<br>{{flag|Navassa Island}}<br>{{flag|Panama}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Peru}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| ||<div style="column-width:20em;column-count:2">{{flag|Bahamas}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Time in Nunavut|Nunavut]] (east), [[Ontario]] (most), [[Quebec]] (most)<br>{{flag|Cuba}}<br>{{flag|Haiti}}<br>{{flag|Turks and Caicos Islands}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Connecticut|Connecticut]], [[Delaware]], [[Time in Washington, D.C.|District of Columbia]], [[Time in Florida|Florida]] (most), [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], [[Time in Indiana|Indiana]] (most), [[Time in Kentucky|Kentucky]] (east), [[Time in Maine|Maine]], [[Maryland]], [[Time in Massachusetts|Massachusetts]], [[Time in Michigan|Michigan]] (most), [[Time in New Hampshire|New Hampshire]], [[New Jersey]], [[Time in New York|New York]], [[North Carolina]], [[Ohio]], [[Pennsylvania]], [[Time in Rhode Island|Rhode Island]], [[South Carolina]], [[Time in Tennessee|Tennessee]] (east), [[Time in Vermont|Vermont]], [[Virginia]], [[West Virginia]]}}</div> |- | [[UTC−04:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Anguilla}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Antigua and Barbuda}}<br>{{flag|Aruba}}<br>{{flag|Barbados}}<br>{{flag|Bolivia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}}: [[Amazonas (Brazilian state)|Amazonas]] (most), [[Mato Grosso]], [[Mato Grosso do Sul]], [[Rondônia]], [[Roraima]]<br>{{flag|British Virgin Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Quebec]] (east)<br>{{flag|Caribbean Netherlands}}<br>{{flag|Curaçao}}<br>{{flag|Dominica}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag|Dominican Republic}}}}{{flag|Grenada}}<br>{{flag|Guadeloupe}}<br>{{flag|Guyana}}<br>{{flag|Martinique}}<br>{{flag|Montserrat}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Puerto Rico}}<br>{{flag|Saint Barthélemy}}<br>{{flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}<br>{{flag|Saint Lucia}}<br>{{flag|Saint Martin}}<br>{{flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}<br>{{flag|Sint Maarten}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Trinidad and Tobago}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States Virgin Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Venezuela}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||{{flag|Bermuda}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Labrador]] (most), [[New Brunswick]], [[Nova Scotia]], [[Prince Edward Island]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Chile}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Greenland}}: [[Pituffik Space Base]] |- | [[UTC−03:30]] | style=background:#A9FF13| || | style=background:#419300| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]], [[Labrador]] (southeast) |- | [[UTC−03:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Argentina}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Chile}}: [[Magallanes Region]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Falkland Islands}}<br>{{flag|French Guiana}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Paraguay}}<br>{{flag|Suriname}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Uruguay}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| ||{{flag|Saint Pierre and Miquelon}} |- | [[UTC−02:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}}: [[Fernando de Noronha]]<br>{{flag|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands}} | style=background:#DE006A| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Greenland}} (most) |- | [[UTC−01:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Cape Verde}} | style=background:#0400CD| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Portugal}}: [[Azores]] |- | [[UTC+00:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Burkina Faso}}<br>{{flag|Gambia}}<br>{{flag|Ghana}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Greenland}}: [[Northeast Greenland National Park|National Park]] (east coast)<br>{{flag|Guinea}}<br>{{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}<br>{{flag|Iceland}}<br>{{flag|Ivory Coast}}<br>{{flag|Liberia}}<br>{{flag|Mali}}<br>{{flag|Mauritania}}<br>{{flag|Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha}}<br>{{flag|Senegal}}<br>{{flag|Sierra Leone}}<br>{{flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}}<br>{{flag|Togo}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Faroe Islands}}<br>{{flag|Bailiwick of Guernsey|name=Guernsey}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ireland}}<br>{{flag|Isle of Man}}<br>{{flag|Jersey}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Portugal}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Spain}}: [[Canary Islands]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United Kingdom}} |- | [[UTC+01:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Algeria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Angola}}<br>{{flag|Benin}}<br>{{flag|Cameroon}}<br>{{flag|Central African Republic}}<br>{{flag|Chad}}<br>{{flag|Congo}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|DR Congo|name=Democratic Republic of the Congo}}: [[Province of Équateur|Équateur]], [[Kinshasa]], [[Kongo Central]], [[Kwango]], [[Kwilu Province|Kwilu]], [[Mai-Ndombe Province|Mai-Ndombe]], [[Mongala]], [[Nord-Ubangi]], [[Sud-Ubangi]], [[Tshuapa]]}}{{flag|Equatorial Guinea}}<br>{{flag|Gabon}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Morocco}}{{efn|name=ma|Observes UTC+00:00 around [[Ramadan]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-changes-clocks-2019.html |title=Morocco Re-Introduces Clock Changes for Ramadan 2019 |publisher=Timeanddate.com |date=April 19, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228210847/https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-changes-clocks-2019.html |archive-date=December 28, 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/morocco/casablanca |title=Time Zone in Casablanca, Morocco |publisher=Timeanddate.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210330010901/https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/morocco/casablanca |archive-date=March 30, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/western-sahara/el-aaiun |title=Time Zone in El Aaiún, Western Sahara |publisher=Timeanddate.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214122434/https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/western-sahara/el-aaiun |archive-date=February 14, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br>{{flag|Niger}}<br>{{flag|Nigeria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tunisia}}<br>''{{flag|Western Sahara}}''{{efn|name=ma}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:3">{{flag|Albania}}<br>{{flag|Andorra}}<br>{{flag|Austria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Belgium}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}<br>{{flag|Croatia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Czech Republic}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Denmark}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|France}} ([[Metropolitan France|metropolitan]])<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Germany}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Gibraltar}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Hungary}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Italy}}<br>''{{flag|Kosovo}}''<br>{{flag|Liechtenstein}}<br>{{flag|Luxembourg}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Malta}}<br>{{flag|Monaco}}<br>{{flag|Montenegro}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Netherlands}} (European)<br>{{flag|North Macedonia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Norway}}<br>{{flag|Poland}}<br>{{flag|San Marino}}<br>{{flag|Serbia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Slovakia}}<br>{{flag|Slovenia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Spain}} (most)<br>{{flag|Sweden}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Switzerland}}<br>{{flag|Vatican City}}</div> |- | [[UTC+02:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Botswana}}<br>{{flag|Burundi}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|DR Congo|name=Democratic Republic of the Congo}} (most)<br>{{flag|Eswatini}}<br>{{flag|Lesotho}}<br><!--{{flag|Libya}}--><br>{{flag|Malawi}}<br>{{flag|Mozambique}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Namibia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Kaliningrad Oblast|Kaliningrad]]<br>{{flag|Rwanda}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|South Africa}} (most)<br>{{flag|South Sudan}}<br>{{flag|Sudan}}<br>{{flag|Zambia}}<br>{{flag|Zimbabwe}}</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:3">{{flag|Akrotiri and Dhekelia}}<br>{{flag|Bulgaria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Cyprus}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Egypt}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Estonia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Finland}}<br>{{flag|Greece}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Israel}}<br>{{flag|Latvia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Lebanon}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Lithuania}}<br>{{flag|Moldova}}<br>''{{flag|Northern Cyprus}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Palestine}}<br>{{flag|Romania}}<br>''{{flag|Transnistria}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ukraine}} (most)</div> |- | [[UTC+03:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">''{{flag|Abkhazia}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Bahrain}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Belarus}}<br>{{flag|Comoros}}<br>{{flag|Djibouti}}<br>{{flag|Eritrea}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ethiopia}}<br>{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}: [[Scattered Islands]]<ref name=fr>{{cite web |url=https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000034154759 |title=Décret nº 2017-292 du 6 mars 2017 relatif au temps légal français |trans-title=Decree no. 2017-292 of 6 March 2017 relative to French legal time |publisher=Légifrance |date=March 8, 2017 |language=fr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202160854/https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000034154759/ |archive-date=December 2, 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><br>{{flag+link|Time in|Iraq}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Jordan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kenya}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kuwait}}<br>{{flag|Madagascar}}<br>{{flag|Mayotte}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Qatar}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}} (most of [[European Russia|European part]])<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Saudi Arabia}}<br>{{flag|Somalia}}<br>''{{flag|Somaliland}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|South Africa}}: [[Prince Edward Islands]]<br>''{{flag+link|Time in|South Ossetia}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Syria}}<br>{{flag|Tanzania}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Turkey}}<br>{{flag|Uganda}}<br>{{flag|Ukraine}}: [[Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine|occupied territories]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Yemen}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| || |- | [[UTC+03:30]] | style=background:#35C8FF| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Iran}} | style=background:#0080B2| || |- | [[UTC+04:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Armenia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Azerbaijan}}<br>{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}: [[Crozet Islands]]<ref name=fr/><br>{{flag+link|Time in|Georgia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mauritius}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Oman}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Astrakhan Oblast|Astrakhan]], [[Samara Oblast|Samara]], [[Saratov Oblast|Saratov]], [[Udmurtia]], [[Ulyanovsk Oblast|Ulyanovsk]]<br>{{flag|Réunion}}<br>{{flag|Seychelles}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United Arab Emirates}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| || |- | [[UTC+04:30]] | style=background:#A9FF13| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Afghanistan}} | style=background:#419300| || |- | [[UTC+05:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}: [[Kerguelen Islands]], [[Île Saint-Paul|Saint Paul Island]], [[Île Amsterdam|Amsterdam Island]]<br>{{flag|Heard Island and McDonald Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kazakhstan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Maldives}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Pakistan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Bashkortostan]], [[Chelyabinsk Oblast|Chelyabinsk]], [[Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug|Khanty-Mansi]], [[Kurgan Oblast|Kurgan]], [[Orenburg Oblast|Orenburg]], [[Perm Krai|Perm]], [[Sverdlovsk Oblast|Sverdlovsk]], [[Tyumen Oblast|Tyumen]], [[Yamalia]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tajikistan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Turkmenistan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Uzbekistan}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC+05:30]] | style=background:#FF9F25| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|India}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Sri Lanka}}</div> | style=background:#F05F00| || |- | [[UTC+05:45]] | style=background:#FF2F2F| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Nepal}} | style=background:#D0D0D0| || |- | [[UTC+06:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Bangladesh}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Bhutan}}<br>{{flag|British Indian Ocean Territory}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kyrgyzstan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Omsk Oblast|Omsk]]</div> | style=background:#DE006A| || |- | [[UTC+06:30]] | style=background:#CD61FF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Cocos (Keeling) Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Myanmar}}</div> | style=background:#9900E0| || |- | [[UTC+07:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Cambodia}}<br>{{flag|Christmas Island}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Indonesia}}: [[Sumatra]], [[Java]], [[West Kalimantan]], [[Central Kalimantan]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Laos}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Mongolia}}: [[Bayan-Ölgii Province|Bayan-Ölgii]], [[Khovd Province|Khovd]], [[Uvs Province|Uvs]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Altai Krai]], [[Altai Republic]], [[Kemerovo Oblast|Kemerovo]], [[Khakassia]], [[Krasnoyarsk Krai|Krasnoyarsk]], [[Novosibirsk Oblast|Novosibirsk]], [[Tomsk Oblast|Tomsk]], [[Tuva]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Thailand}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Vietnam}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| || |- | [[UTC+08:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Western Australia]] (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Brunei}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|China}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Hong Kong}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Indonesia}}: [[South Kalimantan]], [[East Kalimantan]], [[North Kalimantan]], [[Sulawesi]], [[Lesser Sunda Islands]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Macau}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Malaysia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mongolia}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Philippines}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Buryatia]], [[Irkutsk Oblast|Irkutsk]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Singapore}}<br>''{{flag+link|Time in|Taiwan}}''</div> | style=background:#00BF63| || |- | [[UTC+08:45]] | style=background:#A5FB00| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Eucla, Western Australia|Eucla]] | style=background:#8ED800| || |- | [[UTC+09:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|East Timor}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Indonesia}}: [[Maluku Islands]], [[Western New Guinea]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Japan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|North Korea}}<br>{{flag|Palau}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Amur Oblast|Amur]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha]] (most), [[Zabaykalsky Krai|Zabaykalsky]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|South Korea}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC+09:30]] | style=background:#FF9F25| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Northern Territory]] | style=background:#F05F00| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[South Australia]], [[Yancowinna County]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Standard Time Act 1987 No 149 |url=https://legislation.nsw.gov.au/view/whole/html/inforce/current/act-1987-149 |publisher=New South Wales Government |access-date=February 29, 2024}}</ref> |- | [[UTC+10:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Queensland]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Guam}}<br>{{flag|Micronesia}}: [[Chuuk State|Chuuk]], [[Yap State|Yap]]<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Northern Mariana Islands}}}}{{no col break|{{flag|Papua New Guinea}} (most)}}{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Jewish Autonomous Oblast|Jewish]], [[Khabarovsk Krai|Khabarovsk]], [[Primorsky Krai|Primorsky]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha]] (central-east)</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Australian Capital Territory]], [[Jervis Bay Territory]], [[New South Wales]] (most), [[Tasmania]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] |- | [[UTC+10:30]] | style=background:#CD61FF| || | style=background:#9900E0| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Lord Howe Island]] (DST increase is 30 minutes) |- | [[UTC+11:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Micronesia}}: [[Kosrae]], [[Pohnpei State|Pohnpei]]<br>{{flag|New Caledonia}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag|Papua New Guinea}}: [[Autonomous Region of Bougainville|Bougainville]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Magadan Oblast|Magadan]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha]] (east), [[Sakhalin Oblast|Sakhalin]]<br>{{flag|Solomon Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Vanuatu}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Norfolk Island}} |- | [[UTC+12:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Fiji}}<br>{{flag|Kiribati}}: [[Gilbert Islands]]<br>{{flag|Marshall Islands}}<br>{{flag|Nauru}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Chukotka Autonomous Okrug|Chukotka]], [[Kamchatka Krai|Kamchatka]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Tuvalu}}<br>{{flag|Wake Island}}<br>{{flag|Wallis and Futuna}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||{{flag+link|Time in|New Zealand}} (most) |- | [[UTC+12:45]] | style=background:#A5FB00| || | style=background:#8ED800| ||{{flag+link|Time in|New Zealand}}: [[Chatham Islands]] |- | [[UTC+13:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Kiribati}}: [[Phoenix Islands]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Samoa}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tokelau}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tonga}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC+14:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||{{flag|Kiribati}}: [[Line Islands]] | style=background:#DE006A| || |} ==ပိုၼ်း== ===Early timekeeping=== မိူဝ်ႈပႆႇၶူင်သၢင်ႈလႆႈ [[ယၢမ်းမူင်း]]ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵူၼ်းၶဝ်ၼႆႉ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼိုင်ႈဝၼ်းၼိုင်ႈဝၼ်းၼႆႉ လႆႈဢိင်ၼိူဝ်သဵၼ်ႈတၢင်းဢၼ်လႅတ်ႇၵႂႃႇသေ တႅပ်းတတ်းယဝ်ႉ။ တူဝ်ယၢင်ႇမၼ်း မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ယၢမ်းမူင်းလႅတ်ႇၼၼ်ႉသေ ၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ဢိင်ၼိူဝ်ဢွင်ႈတီႈမၼ်းသေ မီးလွင်ႈပႅၵ်ႇပိူင်ႈၵၼ်ဝႆႉယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ ထိုင် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ၁၉ ၽိူဝ်ႇ ယၢမ်းမူင်းဢၼ်ၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈ ဢွၵ်ႇမႃးၸိုင်{{citation needed}} ၵူႈဝဵင်းဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈ [[:en:Mean solar time|mean solar time]] မႃးယဝ်ႉ။ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းလႅတ်ႇ ဢၼ်မီးတႄႉတႄႉမၼ်းၼႆႉ တင်း mean solar time သေ ပိူင်ႈၵၼ် မွၵ်ႈ ၁၅ မိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ (ၼႄဝႆႉတီႈ ([[:en:Equation of time|လွင်ႈၽဵင်ႇမိူၼ် ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] ၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။) လွင်ႈလႆႈပိူင်ႈၵၼ်ၸိူင်ႉၼၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈဝႃႈ ၵမ်ႇၽႃႇၼႆႉ မၼ်းပၼ်ႁွပ်ႈလႅတ်ႈ ၼင်ႇမူၼ်းၶႆႇပဵတ်းလၢဝ်ႈလၢဝ်ႈ ([[:en:Orbital eccentricity|Eccentricity]]) လႄႈ ယွၼ်ႉ မၼ်းပၼ်ႇၵိူင်း တီႈၼိူဝ်ၵၢၼ်း ([[:en:Axial tilt|Obliquity]]) မၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၼ်း ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်မီးတီႈၼိူဝ် Mean solar time ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဝႃႈပဵၼ် ၶၢဝ်းၵၢင်ဝၼ်းၼႆ မီးၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းဢၼ်မိူၼ်ၵၼ်သေ လွင်ႈပိူင်ႈၵၼ် သွင်ဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဝႆႉ သုတ်းပီၵႂႃႇၼႆ ၶိုၼ်းၽႅဝ်ၵႂႃႇတီႈ သၢႆငၢႆ သုၼ် ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပဵၼ် [[လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ (Greenwich Mean Time)]] (GMT) ၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ [[:en:Royal Observatory, Greenwich|ဢွင်ႈလႅပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းၾႃႉလၢဝ် ၸၢဝ်းၸဝ်ႈ (ၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ)]] သေ လႆႈၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈမႃး မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1675 ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈယိူင်းဢၢၼ်းတႄႉ ပဵၼ်တွၼ်ႈတႃႇပၼ်လႆႈ တၢင်းၸွႆႈထႅမ်ႈ တႃႇ ႁိူင်းသၢင်ႈၽေႃး ဢၼ်မီးတီႈၼႂ်း ပၢင်ႇလၢႆႇ ႁႂ်ႈမၵ်းမၼ်ႈလႆႈ [[:en:Longitude|လွင်ႇၵျီႇၵျူႉ]] ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၽွင်းမိူဝ်ႈဝဵင်းတီႈၼႂ်း ဢိင်ႇၵလၢၼ်ႇ ၵူႈတီႈတီႈ ဢၼ်မီးၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈ ဢမ်ႇမိူၼ်ၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ သၢႆဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းပၼ်မႃးလႆႈ လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းတႃႇဢိင်ဢၢင်ႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ===Railway time=== [[File:Time zone chicago.jpg|right|thumb|Plaque commemorating the Railway General Time Convention of 1883 in North America]] ၽိူဝ်ႇ လွင်ႈၵၢၼ်တေႃႉသူင်ႇရူတ်ႉလဵၼ်း လႄႈ လွင်ႈၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇသၢႆလူမ်း ႁုၼ်ႈမုၼ်းၶိုၼ်ႈယႂ်ႇမႃး ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈ (Local solar time) ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မီးလွင်ႈဢမ်ႇၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈမႃးယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈတၢင်းမၼ်းတႄႉ ဢိင်ၼိူဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ်သေၵေႃႈ လွင်ႇၵျီႇၵျူႉ ဢၼ်ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈလႅင်ႈလိၼ်သေ ၼႂ်းၵႄႈဢွင်ႈတီႈပိုၼ်ႉတီႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယၢမ်းမူင်းၼႆႉ လႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈဝႆႉယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ တီႈ လွင်ႇၵျီႇၵျူႉတီႇၵရီႇၼိုင်ႈဢၼ်ၼႆႉ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းလႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈ သီႇမိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ တူဝ်ယၢင်ႇမၼ်း [[:en:Bristol|ပရိတ်ႉသ်တူဝ်ႇ]]ၼႆႉ မီးဝႆႉ ၽၢႆႇတူၵ်း ၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ (ပွတ်းဢွၵ်ႇ [[ဝဵင်းလၼ်ႇတၼ်ႇ]]) မွၵ်ႈ ၂.၅ တီႇၵရီႇၼၼ်ႉလႄႈ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းတဵင်ႈဝၼ်း တီႈ ဝဵင်းပရိတ်ႉသ်တူဝ်ႇ (Solar noon) ၼႆႉ မၼ်းပေႃးပူၼ်ႉၵႂႃႇ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းတဵင်ႈဝၼ်းတီႈလၼ်ႇတၼ်ႇ တႃႇ ၁၀ မိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉပၢႆယဝ်ႉ။ <ref>Latitude and Longitude of World Cities http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0001769.html</ref> လွင်ႈၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼႆ့ ယိုင်ႈႁိုင်ႈယိုင်ႈပိူင်ႈၵၼ်မႃးၼမ်ယဝ်ႉ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈ ပီ 1847 တီႇသႅမ်ႇပႃႇ 1 ဝၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ [[:en:History of rail transport in Great Britain|ၶမ်ႇပၼီႇရူတ်ႉလဵၼ်း]] ဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ၵရဵတ်ႉပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇ ဢဝ် GMT သႂ်ႇတီႈၼႂ်ႈ [[ယၢမ်းမူင်းၶရူဝ်ႇမီႇတႃႇ|ၶရူဝ်ႇၼူဝ်ႇမီႇတႃႇ]] ဢၼ်တေႃႉဢဝ်ၵႂႃႇငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉသေၵေႃႈ မၵ်းမၼ်ႈမႃးယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်းၵႃႈၶမ်ႇပၼီႇ ႁူင်းၵၢၼ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၶမ်ႇပၼီႇဢၼ်မၵ်းမၼ်ႈဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် [[:en:Great Western Railway|Great Western Railway]] (GWR) သေ ပဵၼ် မိူဝ်ႈ 1840 ၼူဝ်ႇဝႅမ်ႇပႃႇၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇပေႃးႁိုင်ပေႃးၼၢၼ်း ၵူၼ်းႁူႉၼမ်မႃးဝႃႈ [[:en:Railway time|Railway Time]] ဝႃႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မွၵ်ႈ 1852 ဢေႃးၵၢတ်ႉ 23 ၼၼ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ဢွင်ႈတူၺ်းလၢဝ်ၾႃႉ ၸၢဝ်းၸဝ်ႈ (ၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ) လႆႈပိုၼ်ပွႆႇပၼ် သၢႆၶၢဝ်းယမၢ်း (time signals) [[သၢႆလူမ်း]]ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းမူင်း ၵူၼ်းမိူင်းဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ၵရဵတ်ႉပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇ မွၵ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ ၉၈% ၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈပႆႇထိုင် 1855 ၼႆႉ တိုၵ်ႉဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ GMT မႃးယဝ်ႉ။ တေႃႇပႆႇထိုင် 1880 ဢေႃးၵၢတ်ႉ 2 ဝၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းပႆႇလႆႈမၵ်းမၼ်ႈ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပဵၼ်တၢင်းၵၢၼ် ႁင်းပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇ။ ၶၢဝ်းယမၢ်းၼၼ်ႉ တီႈယၢမ်းမူင်းပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇၼၼ်ႉ မီး မိုဝ်းမိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉသွင်ဢၼ်သေ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်တွၼ်ႈတႃႇ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် တႃႇ GMT ယဝ်ႉ။<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/info/bristol-time.htm|title=Bristol Time|publisher=Wwp.greenwichmeantime.com|date=|accessdate=2011-12-05|archivedate=2006-06-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060628151049/http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/info/bristol-time.htm}}</ref> ၽွင်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်ႉၵမ်ႉၽႃႇၼႆႉ ၽၢႆႇလွင်ႈၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇတိတ်းတေႃႇ ၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈမႃးၸိုင် တီႈဢၼ်ၶဵင်ႇၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇတိတ်းတေႃႇၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ လူဝ်ႇ လွင်ႈမၵ်းမၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်ပွင်ၸႂ်ငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ===ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ပတ်ႉပိုၼ်ႉၵမ်ႇၽႃႇ=== ==ၶေႃႈပိုတ်ႇတီႈပွင်ႇ== ==Notation of time== ===SO 8601=== ===UTC=== ====UTC offset==== ===တူဝ်ယေႃႈမၼ်း=== ==UTC offsets ပတ်ႉပိုၼ်ႉၵမ်ႇၽႃႇ== ==သဵၼ်ႈမၢႆ UTC offsets== ==Time zone conversions== ==ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်ထိင်းဝႆႉပၼ် လႅင်းသၢႆလႅတ်ႇ== ==ပိူင်ၶွမ်ပိဝ်ႇတႃႇလႄႈ ပိူင်ဢိၼ်ႇထႃႇၼႅတ်ႇ== ===Operating systems=== ====Unix==== ====မၢႆႉၶရူဝ်ႇသွပ်ႉၾ် ဝိၼ်းတူဝ်း==== ===ၽႃႇသႃႇၵႂၢမ်း ၽရူဝ်ႇၶႅမ်းမိင်း=== ====Java==== ====JavaScript==== ====Perl==== ====PHP==== ====Python==== ==တႃႇသိုပ်ႇတူၺ်းထႅင်ႈ== [[File:Coventry_Time_Zone_Clock.jpg|right|thumb|220x220px|The control panel of the Time Zone Clock in front of Coventry Transport Museum.]] * [[:en:Daylight_saving_time|Daylight saving time]] * [[:en:ISO_8601|ISO 8601]] * [[:en:Jet_lag|Jet lag]] * [[:en:List_of_time_zone_abbreviations|List of time zone abbreviations]] * [[:en:List_of_time_zones_by_country|List of time zones by country]] * [[:en:Lists_of_time_zones|Lists of time zones]] * [[:en:Metric_time|Metric time]] * [[:en:Category:Time_by_country|Time by country]] * [[:en:World_clock|World clock]] ==ၽိုၼ်ဢိင်== {{Reflist|2}} ==ႁဵၼ်းၵွင်ႉၽၢႆႇၼွၵ်ႈ== {{Wikivoyage|Time zones|ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း}} * {{Commons category-inline|Time zones|ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း}} * [http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-t/opb/sp/T-SP-LT.1-2015-PDF-E.pdf LEGAL TIME 2015] [[Category:ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] fh70u750zdgqqweuurgbnu37imtl4wi 112184 112183 2025-06-13T09:06:08Z Saimawnkham 5 112184 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း''' ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ၼႃႈလိၵ် ဢၼ်မၵ်းမၼ်ႈဝႆႉ [[:en:Standard_time|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] ပဵၼ်တၢင်းၵၢၼ် တွၼ်ႈတႃႇႁႂ်ႈမၼ်းပေႃးမႅၼ်ႈၽဵင်ႇၵၼ် တီႈ လွင်ႈသိုဝ်ႉၶၢႆပၢႆးမၢၵ်ႈမီး၊ လွင်ႈတၢင်းတူင်ႇဝူင်းၵူၼ်းၵူႈသမ်ႇသမ်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼႆႉ ၵႆႉၸႅၵ်ႇသေမၵ်းမၼ်ႈ ၸွမ်းၼၼ်ႇ သၢႆၶႅၼ်ႈလိၼ်မိူင်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉမၵ်းမၼ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸိူင်ႉၼၼ်သေ တီႈၼႂ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ၸိူဝ်းပဵၼ် ၵၢၼ်ၵႃႉၵၢၼ်ၶၢႆလႄႈသင်၊ ၵၢၼ်ၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇလႄႈသင် တေၸၢင်ႈႁဵတ်းႁႂ်ႈမၼ်းၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈ ၼႂ်းၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်လဵဝ်ၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း မိူင်းၸိူဝ်းမီးၼႂ်းၵမ်ႇၽႃႇၼႆႉ ၵမ်ႉၼမ်တႄႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ယၢမ်းမူင်းတဵမ် (UTC−12 to UTC+14) ၼင်ႇၵႃႈတီႈ [[Coordinated Universal Time]] (UTC)သေ မိူင်းၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈတႄႉ ၸႂ်ႉဝႆႉ 30 လႄႈ 45 မိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ (တူဝ်ယၢင်ႇမၼ်း [[:en:Newfoundland_Time_Zone|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ၼဵဝ်းၽွင်းလႅၼ်း]] - UTC−03:30၊ [[:en:Nepal_Time|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ၼီႇပေႃး]] - UTC+05:45၊ [[လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းမျၢၼ်ႇမႃႇ]] - UTC +06:30၊  [[:en:Indian_Standard_Time|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး]] - UTC+05:30) မိူင်းဢၼ် လတ်ႉတိၵျူႉသုင်ၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ [[:en:Daylight_saving_time|ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၶၢဝ်းမႆႈ]] ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ပေႃးထိုင်ၶၢဝ်းမႆႈၸိုင် သုတ်ႉၽၢႆႇၼႃႈ ၼိုင်ႈၸူဝ်ႈမူင်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ == List of UTC offsets == {{Main|List of UTC time offsets}} <!-- Please do not use time zone maps that have fixed file names with fixed dates. They are never updated and are only used for historical reference. --> [[File:World time zones.svg|800px|thumb|center|Time zones of the world]] In the table below, the locations that use daylight saving time (DST) are listed in their UTC offset when DST is ''not'' in effect. When DST is in effect, approximately during spring and summer, their UTC offset is increased by one hour (except for [[Lord Howe Island]], where it is increased by 30 minutes). For example, during the DST period [[California]] observes [[UTC−07:00]] and the [[United Kingdom]] observes [[UTC+01:00]]. {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; line-height:1.2" |- ! UTC offset ! colspan=2|Locations that do not use DST ! colspan=2|Locations that use DST |- | [[UTC−12:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||style=width:40%|<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Baker Island}}<br>{{flag|Howland Island}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||style=width:60%| |- | [[UTC−11:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|American Samoa}}<br>{{flag|Jarvis Island}}<br>{{flag|Kingman Reef}}<br>{{flag|Midway Atoll}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Niue}}<br>{{flag|Palmyra Atoll}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC−10:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Cook Islands}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag|French Polynesia}} (most)}}{{flag|Johnston Atoll}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Hawaii|Hawaii]]</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Andreanof Islands]], [[Islands of Four Mountains]], [[Near Islands]], [[Rat Islands]] ([[Aleutian Islands]], [[Alaska]]) |- | [[UTC−09:30]] | style=background:#CD61FF| ||{{flag|ပေႃႇလီႇၼေးသျႃး ၶွင် ၾရၢင်ႇသဵတ်ႈ}}: [[Marquesas Islands]] | style=background:#9900E0| || |- | [[UTC−09:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||{{flag|French Polynesia}}: [[Gambier Islands]] | style=background:#0400CD| ||{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Alaska|Alaska]] (most) |- | [[UTC−08:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||{{flag|Clipperton Island}}<br>{{flag|Pitcairn Islands}} | style=background:#00BF63| ||<div style="column-width:20em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[British Columbia]] (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Baja California]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in California|California]], [[Time in Idaho|Idaho]] (north), [[Time in Nevada|Nevada]] (most), [[Time in Oregon|Oregon]] (most), [[Washington (state)|Washington]]</div> |- | [[UTC−07:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[British Columbia]] (northeast), [[Yukon]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Baja California Sur]], [[Nayarit]] (most), [[Sinaloa]], [[Sonora]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Arizona|Arizona]] (most) | style=background:#D3D800| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Alberta]], [[British Columbia]] (southeast), [[Northwest Territories]], [[Time in Nunavut|Nunavut]] (west), [[Time in Saskatchewan|Saskatchewan]] ([[Lloydminster]] area)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]] (northwest border)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Arizona|Arizona]] ([[Navajo Nation]]), [[Colorado]], [[Time in Idaho|Idaho]] (most), [[Time in Kansas|Kansas]] (west), [[Montana]], [[Time in Nebraska|Nebraska]] (west), [[New Mexico]], [[Time in Nevada|Nevada]] (northeast border), [[Time in North Dakota|North Dakota]] (southwest), [[Time in Oregon|Oregon]] (east), [[Time in South Dakota|South Dakota]] (west), [[Time in Texas|Texas]] (west), [[Utah]], [[Wyoming]] |- | [[UTC−06:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Belize}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Time in Saskatchewan|Saskatchewan]] (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Costa Rica}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Ecuador}}: [[Galápagos Province|Galápagos]]}}{{flag|El Salvador}}<br>{{flag|Guatemala}}<br>{{flag|Honduras}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}} (most)<br>{{flag|Nicaragua}}</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||<div style="column-width:20em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Manitoba]], [[Time in Nunavut|Nunavut]] (central), [[Ontario]] (west)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Chile}}: [[Easter Island]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}} (northeast border)<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Alabama|Alabama]], [[Arkansas]], [[Time in Florida|Florida]] (northwest), [[Illinois]], [[Time in Indiana|Indiana]] (northwest, southwest), [[Iowa]], [[Time in Kansas|Kansas]] (most), [[Time in Kentucky|Kentucky]] (west), [[Louisiana]], [[Time in Michigan|Michigan]] (northwest border), [[Minnesota]], [[Mississippi]], [[Missouri]], [[Time in Nebraska|Nebraska]] (most), [[Time in North Dakota|North Dakota]] (most), [[Oklahoma]], [[Time in South Dakota|South Dakota]] (most), [[Time in Tennessee|Tennessee]] (most), [[Time in Texas|Texas]] (most), [[Wisconsin]]}}</div> |- | [[UTC−05:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}}: [[Acre (state)|Acre]], [[Amazonas (Brazilian state)|Amazonas]] (southwest)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Atikokan]], [[Mishkeegogamang First Nation|Mishkeegogamang]], [[Southampton Island]]<br>{{flag|Cayman Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Colombia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ecuador}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Jamaica}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Quintana Roo]]<br>{{flag|Navassa Island}}<br>{{flag|Panama}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Peru}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| ||<div style="column-width:20em;column-count:2">{{flag|Bahamas}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Time in Nunavut|Nunavut]] (east), [[Ontario]] (most), [[Quebec]] (most)<br>{{flag|Cuba}}<br>{{flag|Haiti}}<br>{{flag|Turks and Caicos Islands}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Connecticut|Connecticut]], [[Delaware]], [[Time in Washington, D.C.|District of Columbia]], [[Time in Florida|Florida]] (most), [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], [[Time in Indiana|Indiana]] (most), [[Time in Kentucky|Kentucky]] (east), [[Time in Maine|Maine]], [[Maryland]], [[Time in Massachusetts|Massachusetts]], [[Time in Michigan|Michigan]] (most), [[Time in New Hampshire|New Hampshire]], [[New Jersey]], [[Time in New York|New York]], [[North Carolina]], [[Ohio]], [[Pennsylvania]], [[Time in Rhode Island|Rhode Island]], [[South Carolina]], [[Time in Tennessee|Tennessee]] (east), [[Time in Vermont|Vermont]], [[Virginia]], [[West Virginia]]}}</div> |- | [[UTC−04:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Anguilla}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Antigua and Barbuda}}<br>{{flag|Aruba}}<br>{{flag|Barbados}}<br>{{flag|Bolivia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}}: [[Amazonas (Brazilian state)|Amazonas]] (most), [[Mato Grosso]], [[Mato Grosso do Sul]], [[Rondônia]], [[Roraima]]<br>{{flag|British Virgin Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Quebec]] (east)<br>{{flag|Caribbean Netherlands}}<br>{{flag|Curaçao}}<br>{{flag|Dominica}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag|Dominican Republic}}}}{{flag|Grenada}}<br>{{flag|Guadeloupe}}<br>{{flag|Guyana}}<br>{{flag|Martinique}}<br>{{flag|Montserrat}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Puerto Rico}}<br>{{flag|Saint Barthélemy}}<br>{{flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}<br>{{flag|Saint Lucia}}<br>{{flag|Saint Martin}}<br>{{flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}<br>{{flag|Sint Maarten}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Trinidad and Tobago}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States Virgin Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Venezuela}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||{{flag|Bermuda}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Labrador]] (most), [[New Brunswick]], [[Nova Scotia]], [[Prince Edward Island]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Chile}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Greenland}}: [[Pituffik Space Base]] |- | [[UTC−03:30]] | style=background:#A9FF13| || | style=background:#419300| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]], [[Labrador]] (southeast) |- | [[UTC−03:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Argentina}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Chile}}: [[Magallanes Region]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Falkland Islands}}<br>{{flag|French Guiana}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Paraguay}}<br>{{flag|Suriname}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Uruguay}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| ||{{flag|Saint Pierre and Miquelon}} |- | [[UTC−02:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}}: [[Fernando de Noronha]]<br>{{flag|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands}} | style=background:#DE006A| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Greenland}} (most) |- | [[UTC−01:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Cape Verde}} | style=background:#0400CD| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Portugal}}: [[Azores]] |- | [[UTC+00:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Burkina Faso}}<br>{{flag|Gambia}}<br>{{flag|Ghana}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Greenland}}: [[Northeast Greenland National Park|National Park]] (east coast)<br>{{flag|Guinea}}<br>{{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}<br>{{flag|Iceland}}<br>{{flag|Ivory Coast}}<br>{{flag|Liberia}}<br>{{flag|Mali}}<br>{{flag|Mauritania}}<br>{{flag|Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha}}<br>{{flag|Senegal}}<br>{{flag|Sierra Leone}}<br>{{flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}}<br>{{flag|Togo}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Faroe Islands}}<br>{{flag|Bailiwick of Guernsey|name=Guernsey}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ireland}}<br>{{flag|Isle of Man}}<br>{{flag|Jersey}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Portugal}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Spain}}: [[Canary Islands]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United Kingdom}} |- | [[UTC+01:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Algeria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Angola}}<br>{{flag|Benin}}<br>{{flag|Cameroon}}<br>{{flag|Central African Republic}}<br>{{flag|Chad}}<br>{{flag|Congo}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|DR Congo|name=Democratic Republic of the Congo}}: [[Province of Équateur|Équateur]], [[Kinshasa]], [[Kongo Central]], [[Kwango]], [[Kwilu Province|Kwilu]], [[Mai-Ndombe Province|Mai-Ndombe]], [[Mongala]], [[Nord-Ubangi]], [[Sud-Ubangi]], [[Tshuapa]]}}{{flag|Equatorial Guinea}}<br>{{flag|Gabon}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Morocco}}{{efn|name=ma|Observes UTC+00:00 around [[Ramadan]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-changes-clocks-2019.html |title=Morocco Re-Introduces Clock Changes for Ramadan 2019 |publisher=Timeanddate.com |date=April 19, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228210847/https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-changes-clocks-2019.html |archive-date=December 28, 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/morocco/casablanca |title=Time Zone in Casablanca, Morocco |publisher=Timeanddate.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210330010901/https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/morocco/casablanca |archive-date=March 30, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/western-sahara/el-aaiun |title=Time Zone in El Aaiún, Western Sahara |publisher=Timeanddate.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214122434/https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/western-sahara/el-aaiun |archive-date=February 14, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br>{{flag|Niger}}<br>{{flag|Nigeria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tunisia}}<br>''{{flag|Western Sahara}}''{{efn|name=ma}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:3">{{flag|Albania}}<br>{{flag|Andorra}}<br>{{flag|Austria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Belgium}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}<br>{{flag|Croatia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Czech Republic}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Denmark}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|France}} ([[Metropolitan France|metropolitan]])<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Germany}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Gibraltar}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Hungary}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Italy}}<br>''{{flag|Kosovo}}''<br>{{flag|Liechtenstein}}<br>{{flag|Luxembourg}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Malta}}<br>{{flag|Monaco}}<br>{{flag|Montenegro}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Netherlands}} (European)<br>{{flag|North Macedonia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Norway}}<br>{{flag|Poland}}<br>{{flag|San Marino}}<br>{{flag|Serbia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Slovakia}}<br>{{flag|Slovenia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Spain}} (most)<br>{{flag|Sweden}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Switzerland}}<br>{{flag|Vatican City}}</div> |- | [[UTC+02:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Botswana}}<br>{{flag|Burundi}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|DR Congo|name=Democratic Republic of the Congo}} (most)<br>{{flag|Eswatini}}<br>{{flag|Lesotho}}<br><!--{{flag|Libya}}--><br>{{flag|Malawi}}<br>{{flag|Mozambique}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Namibia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Kaliningrad Oblast|Kaliningrad]]<br>{{flag|Rwanda}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|South Africa}} (most)<br>{{flag|South Sudan}}<br>{{flag|Sudan}}<br>{{flag|Zambia}}<br>{{flag|Zimbabwe}}</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:3">{{flag|Akrotiri and Dhekelia}}<br>{{flag|Bulgaria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Cyprus}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Egypt}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Estonia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Finland}}<br>{{flag|Greece}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Israel}}<br>{{flag|Latvia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Lebanon}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Lithuania}}<br>{{flag|Moldova}}<br>''{{flag|Northern Cyprus}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Palestine}}<br>{{flag|Romania}}<br>''{{flag|Transnistria}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ukraine}} (most)</div> |- | [[UTC+03:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">''{{flag|Abkhazia}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Bahrain}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Belarus}}<br>{{flag|Comoros}}<br>{{flag|Djibouti}}<br>{{flag|Eritrea}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ethiopia}}<br>{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}: [[Scattered Islands]]<ref name=fr>{{cite web |url=https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000034154759 |title=Décret nº 2017-292 du 6 mars 2017 relatif au temps légal français |trans-title=Decree no. 2017-292 of 6 March 2017 relative to French legal time |publisher=Légifrance |date=March 8, 2017 |language=fr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202160854/https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000034154759/ |archive-date=December 2, 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><br>{{flag+link|Time in|Iraq}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Jordan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kenya}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kuwait}}<br>{{flag|Madagascar}}<br>{{flag|Mayotte}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Qatar}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}} (most of [[European Russia|European part]])<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Saudi Arabia}}<br>{{flag|Somalia}}<br>''{{flag|Somaliland}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|South Africa}}: [[Prince Edward Islands]]<br>''{{flag+link|Time in|South Ossetia}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Syria}}<br>{{flag|Tanzania}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Turkey}}<br>{{flag|Uganda}}<br>{{flag|Ukraine}}: [[Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine|occupied territories]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Yemen}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| || |- | [[UTC+03:30]] | style=background:#35C8FF| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Iran}} | style=background:#0080B2| || |- | [[UTC+04:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Armenia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Azerbaijan}}<br>{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}: [[Crozet Islands]]<ref name=fr/><br>{{flag+link|Time in|Georgia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mauritius}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Oman}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Astrakhan Oblast|Astrakhan]], [[Samara Oblast|Samara]], [[Saratov Oblast|Saratov]], [[Udmurtia]], [[Ulyanovsk Oblast|Ulyanovsk]]<br>{{flag|Réunion}}<br>{{flag|Seychelles}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United Arab Emirates}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| || |- | [[UTC+04:30]] | style=background:#A9FF13| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Afghanistan}} | style=background:#419300| || |- | [[UTC+05:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}: [[Kerguelen Islands]], [[Île Saint-Paul|Saint Paul Island]], [[Île Amsterdam|Amsterdam Island]]<br>{{flag|Heard Island and McDonald Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kazakhstan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Maldives}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Pakistan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Bashkortostan]], [[Chelyabinsk Oblast|Chelyabinsk]], [[Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug|Khanty-Mansi]], [[Kurgan Oblast|Kurgan]], [[Orenburg Oblast|Orenburg]], [[Perm Krai|Perm]], [[Sverdlovsk Oblast|Sverdlovsk]], [[Tyumen Oblast|Tyumen]], [[Yamalia]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tajikistan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Turkmenistan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Uzbekistan}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC+05:30]] | style=background:#FF9F25| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|India}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Sri Lanka}}</div> | style=background:#F05F00| || |- | [[UTC+05:45]] | style=background:#FF2F2F| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Nepal}} | style=background:#D0D0D0| || |- | [[UTC+06:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Bangladesh}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Bhutan}}<br>{{flag|British Indian Ocean Territory}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kyrgyzstan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Omsk Oblast|Omsk]]</div> | style=background:#DE006A| || |- | [[UTC+06:30]] | style=background:#CD61FF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Cocos (Keeling) Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Myanmar}}</div> | style=background:#9900E0| || |- | [[UTC+07:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Cambodia}}<br>{{flag|Christmas Island}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Indonesia}}: [[Sumatra]], [[Java]], [[West Kalimantan]], [[Central Kalimantan]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Laos}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Mongolia}}: [[Bayan-Ölgii Province|Bayan-Ölgii]], [[Khovd Province|Khovd]], [[Uvs Province|Uvs]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Altai Krai]], [[Altai Republic]], [[Kemerovo Oblast|Kemerovo]], [[Khakassia]], [[Krasnoyarsk Krai|Krasnoyarsk]], [[Novosibirsk Oblast|Novosibirsk]], [[Tomsk Oblast|Tomsk]], [[Tuva]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Thailand}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Vietnam}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| || |- | [[UTC+08:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Western Australia]] (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Brunei}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|China}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Hong Kong}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Indonesia}}: [[South Kalimantan]], [[East Kalimantan]], [[North Kalimantan]], [[Sulawesi]], [[Lesser Sunda Islands]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Macau}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Malaysia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mongolia}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Philippines}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Buryatia]], [[Irkutsk Oblast|Irkutsk]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Singapore}}<br>''{{flag+link|Time in|Taiwan}}''</div> | style=background:#00BF63| || |- | [[UTC+08:45]] | style=background:#A5FB00| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Eucla, Western Australia|Eucla]] | style=background:#8ED800| || |- | [[UTC+09:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|East Timor}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Indonesia}}: [[Maluku Islands]], [[Western New Guinea]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Japan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|North Korea}}<br>{{flag|Palau}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Amur Oblast|Amur]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha]] (most), [[Zabaykalsky Krai|Zabaykalsky]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|South Korea}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC+09:30]] | style=background:#FF9F25| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Northern Territory]] | style=background:#F05F00| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[South Australia]], [[Yancowinna County]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Standard Time Act 1987 No 149 |url=https://legislation.nsw.gov.au/view/whole/html/inforce/current/act-1987-149 |publisher=New South Wales Government |access-date=February 29, 2024}}</ref> |- | [[UTC+10:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Queensland]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Guam}}<br>{{flag|Micronesia}}: [[Chuuk State|Chuuk]], [[Yap State|Yap]]<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Northern Mariana Islands}}}}{{no col break|{{flag|Papua New Guinea}} (most)}}{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Jewish Autonomous Oblast|Jewish]], [[Khabarovsk Krai|Khabarovsk]], [[Primorsky Krai|Primorsky]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha]] (central-east)</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Australian Capital Territory]], [[Jervis Bay Territory]], [[New South Wales]] (most), [[Tasmania]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] |- | [[UTC+10:30]] | style=background:#CD61FF| || | style=background:#9900E0| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Lord Howe Island]] (DST increase is 30 minutes) |- | [[UTC+11:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Micronesia}}: [[Kosrae]], [[Pohnpei State|Pohnpei]]<br>{{flag|New Caledonia}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag|Papua New Guinea}}: [[Autonomous Region of Bougainville|Bougainville]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Magadan Oblast|Magadan]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha]] (east), [[Sakhalin Oblast|Sakhalin]]<br>{{flag|Solomon Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Vanuatu}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Norfolk Island}} |- | [[UTC+12:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Fiji}}<br>{{flag|Kiribati}}: [[Gilbert Islands]]<br>{{flag|Marshall Islands}}<br>{{flag|Nauru}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Chukotka Autonomous Okrug|Chukotka]], [[Kamchatka Krai|Kamchatka]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Tuvalu}}<br>{{flag|Wake Island}}<br>{{flag|Wallis and Futuna}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||{{flag+link|Time in|New Zealand}} (most) |- | [[UTC+12:45]] | style=background:#A5FB00| || | style=background:#8ED800| ||{{flag+link|Time in|New Zealand}}: [[Chatham Islands]] |- | [[UTC+13:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Kiribati}}: [[Phoenix Islands]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Samoa}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tokelau}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tonga}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC+14:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||{{flag|Kiribati}}: [[Line Islands]] | style=background:#DE006A| || |} ==ပိုၼ်း== ===Early timekeeping=== မိူဝ်ႈပႆႇၶူင်သၢင်ႈလႆႈ [[ယၢမ်းမူင်း]]ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵူၼ်းၶဝ်ၼႆႉ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼိုင်ႈဝၼ်းၼိုင်ႈဝၼ်းၼႆႉ လႆႈဢိင်ၼိူဝ်သဵၼ်ႈတၢင်းဢၼ်လႅတ်ႇၵႂႃႇသေ တႅပ်းတတ်းယဝ်ႉ။ တူဝ်ယၢင်ႇမၼ်း မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ယၢမ်းမူင်းလႅတ်ႇၼၼ်ႉသေ ၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ဢိင်ၼိူဝ်ဢွင်ႈတီႈမၼ်းသေ မီးလွင်ႈပႅၵ်ႇပိူင်ႈၵၼ်ဝႆႉယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ ထိုင် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ၁၉ ၽိူဝ်ႇ ယၢမ်းမူင်းဢၼ်ၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈ ဢွၵ်ႇမႃးၸိုင်{{citation needed}} ၵူႈဝဵင်းဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈ [[:en:Mean solar time|mean solar time]] မႃးယဝ်ႉ။ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းလႅတ်ႇ ဢၼ်မီးတႄႉတႄႉမၼ်းၼႆႉ တင်း mean solar time သေ ပိူင်ႈၵၼ် မွၵ်ႈ ၁၅ မိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ (ၼႄဝႆႉတီႈ ([[:en:Equation of time|လွင်ႈၽဵင်ႇမိူၼ် ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] ၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။) လွင်ႈလႆႈပိူင်ႈၵၼ်ၸိူင်ႉၼၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈဝႃႈ ၵမ်ႇၽႃႇၼႆႉ မၼ်းပၼ်ႁွပ်ႈလႅတ်ႈ ၼင်ႇမူၼ်းၶႆႇပဵတ်းလၢဝ်ႈလၢဝ်ႈ ([[:en:Orbital eccentricity|Eccentricity]]) လႄႈ ယွၼ်ႉ မၼ်းပၼ်ႇၵိူင်း တီႈၼိူဝ်ၵၢၼ်း ([[:en:Axial tilt|Obliquity]]) မၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၼ်း ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်မီးတီႈၼိူဝ် Mean solar time ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဝႃႈပဵၼ် ၶၢဝ်းၵၢင်ဝၼ်းၼႆ မီးၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းဢၼ်မိူၼ်ၵၼ်သေ လွင်ႈပိူင်ႈၵၼ် သွင်ဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဝႆႉ သုတ်းပီၵႂႃႇၼႆ ၶိုၼ်းၽႅဝ်ၵႂႃႇတီႈ သၢႆငၢႆ သုၼ် ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပဵၼ် [[လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ (Greenwich Mean Time)]] (GMT) ၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ [[:en:Royal Observatory, Greenwich|ဢွင်ႈလႅပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းၾႃႉလၢဝ် ၸၢဝ်းၸဝ်ႈ (ၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ)]] သေ လႆႈၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈမႃး မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1675 ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈယိူင်းဢၢၼ်းတႄႉ ပဵၼ်တွၼ်ႈတႃႇပၼ်လႆႈ တၢင်းၸွႆႈထႅမ်ႈ တႃႇ ႁိူင်းသၢင်ႈၽေႃး ဢၼ်မီးတီႈၼႂ်း ပၢင်ႇလၢႆႇ ႁႂ်ႈမၵ်းမၼ်ႈလႆႈ [[:en:Longitude|လွင်ႇၵျီႇၵျူႉ]] ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၽွင်းမိူဝ်ႈဝဵင်းတီႈၼႂ်း ဢိင်ႇၵလၢၼ်ႇ ၵူႈတီႈတီႈ ဢၼ်မီးၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈ ဢမ်ႇမိူၼ်ၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ သၢႆဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းပၼ်မႃးလႆႈ လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းတႃႇဢိင်ဢၢင်ႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ===Railway time=== [[File:Time zone chicago.jpg|right|thumb|Plaque commemorating the Railway General Time Convention of 1883 in North America]] ၽိူဝ်ႇ လွင်ႈၵၢၼ်တေႃႉသူင်ႇရူတ်ႉလဵၼ်း လႄႈ လွင်ႈၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇသၢႆလူမ်း ႁုၼ်ႈမုၼ်းၶိုၼ်ႈယႂ်ႇမႃး ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈ (Local solar time) ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မီးလွင်ႈဢမ်ႇၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈမႃးယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈတၢင်းမၼ်းတႄႉ ဢိင်ၼိူဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ်သေၵေႃႈ လွင်ႇၵျီႇၵျူႉ ဢၼ်ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈလႅင်ႈလိၼ်သေ ၼႂ်းၵႄႈဢွင်ႈတီႈပိုၼ်ႉတီႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယၢမ်းမူင်းၼႆႉ လႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈဝႆႉယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ တီႈ လွင်ႇၵျီႇၵျူႉတီႇၵရီႇၼိုင်ႈဢၼ်ၼႆႉ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းလႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈ သီႇမိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ တူဝ်ယၢင်ႇမၼ်း [[:en:Bristol|ပရိတ်ႉသ်တူဝ်ႇ]]ၼႆႉ မီးဝႆႉ ၽၢႆႇတူၵ်း ၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ (ပွတ်းဢွၵ်ႇ [[ဝဵင်းလၼ်ႇတၼ်ႇ]]) မွၵ်ႈ ၂.၅ တီႇၵရီႇၼၼ်ႉလႄႈ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းတဵင်ႈဝၼ်း တီႈ ဝဵင်းပရိတ်ႉသ်တူဝ်ႇ (Solar noon) ၼႆႉ မၼ်းပေႃးပူၼ်ႉၵႂႃႇ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းတဵင်ႈဝၼ်းတီႈလၼ်ႇတၼ်ႇ တႃႇ ၁၀ မိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉပၢႆယဝ်ႉ။ <ref>Latitude and Longitude of World Cities http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0001769.html</ref> လွင်ႈၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼႆ့ ယိုင်ႈႁိုင်ႈယိုင်ႈပိူင်ႈၵၼ်မႃးၼမ်ယဝ်ႉ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈ ပီ 1847 တီႇသႅမ်ႇပႃႇ 1 ဝၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ [[:en:History of rail transport in Great Britain|ၶမ်ႇပၼီႇရူတ်ႉလဵၼ်း]] ဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ၵရဵတ်ႉပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇ ဢဝ် GMT သႂ်ႇတီႈၼႂ်ႈ [[ယၢမ်းမူင်းၶရူဝ်ႇမီႇတႃႇ|ၶရူဝ်ႇၼူဝ်ႇမီႇတႃႇ]] ဢၼ်တေႃႉဢဝ်ၵႂႃႇငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉသေၵေႃႈ မၵ်းမၼ်ႈမႃးယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်းၵႃႈၶမ်ႇပၼီႇ ႁူင်းၵၢၼ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၶမ်ႇပၼီႇဢၼ်မၵ်းမၼ်ႈဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် [[:en:Great Western Railway|Great Western Railway]] (GWR) သေ ပဵၼ် မိူဝ်ႈ 1840 ၼူဝ်ႇဝႅမ်ႇပႃႇၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇပေႃးႁိုင်ပေႃးၼၢၼ်း ၵူၼ်းႁူႉၼမ်မႃးဝႃႈ [[:en:Railway time|Railway Time]] ဝႃႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မွၵ်ႈ 1852 ဢေႃးၵၢတ်ႉ 23 ၼၼ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ဢွင်ႈတူၺ်းလၢဝ်ၾႃႉ ၸၢဝ်းၸဝ်ႈ (ၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ) လႆႈပိုၼ်ပွႆႇပၼ် သၢႆၶၢဝ်းယမၢ်း (time signals) [[သၢႆလူမ်း]]ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းမူင်း ၵူၼ်းမိူင်းဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ၵရဵတ်ႉပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇ မွၵ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ ၉၈% ၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈပႆႇထိုင် 1855 ၼႆႉ တိုၵ်ႉဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ GMT မႃးယဝ်ႉ။ တေႃႇပႆႇထိုင် 1880 ဢေႃးၵၢတ်ႉ 2 ဝၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းပႆႇလႆႈမၵ်းမၼ်ႈ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပဵၼ်တၢင်းၵၢၼ် ႁင်းပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇ။ ၶၢဝ်းယမၢ်းၼၼ်ႉ တီႈယၢမ်းမူင်းပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇၼၼ်ႉ မီး မိုဝ်းမိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉသွင်ဢၼ်သေ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်တွၼ်ႈတႃႇ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် တႃႇ GMT ယဝ်ႉ။<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/info/bristol-time.htm|title=Bristol Time|publisher=Wwp.greenwichmeantime.com|date=|accessdate=2011-12-05|archivedate=2006-06-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060628151049/http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/info/bristol-time.htm}}</ref> ၽွင်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်ႉၵမ်ႉၽႃႇၼႆႉ ၽၢႆႇလွင်ႈၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇတိတ်းတေႃႇ ၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈမႃးၸိုင် တီႈဢၼ်ၶဵင်ႇၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇတိတ်းတေႃႇၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ လူဝ်ႇ လွင်ႈမၵ်းမၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်ပွင်ၸႂ်ငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ===ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ပတ်ႉပိုၼ်ႉၵမ်ႇၽႃႇ=== ==ၶေႃႈပိုတ်ႇတီႈပွင်ႇ== ==Notation of time== ===SO 8601=== ===UTC=== ====UTC offset==== ===တူဝ်ယေႃႈမၼ်း=== ==UTC offsets ပတ်ႉပိုၼ်ႉၵမ်ႇၽႃႇ== ==သဵၼ်ႈမၢႆ UTC offsets== ==Time zone conversions== ==ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်ထိင်းဝႆႉပၼ် လႅင်းသၢႆလႅတ်ႇ== ==ပိူင်ၶွမ်ပိဝ်ႇတႃႇလႄႈ ပိူင်ဢိၼ်ႇထႃႇၼႅတ်ႇ== ===Operating systems=== ====Unix==== ====မၢႆႉၶရူဝ်ႇသွပ်ႉၾ် ဝိၼ်းတူဝ်း==== ===ၽႃႇသႃႇၵႂၢမ်း ၽရူဝ်ႇၶႅမ်းမိင်း=== ====Java==== ====JavaScript==== ====Perl==== ====PHP==== ====Python==== ==တႃႇသိုပ်ႇတူၺ်းထႅင်ႈ== [[File:Coventry_Time_Zone_Clock.jpg|right|thumb|220x220px|The control panel of the Time Zone Clock in front of Coventry Transport Museum.]] * [[:en:Daylight_saving_time|Daylight saving time]] * [[:en:ISO_8601|ISO 8601]] * [[:en:Jet_lag|Jet lag]] * [[:en:List_of_time_zone_abbreviations|List of time zone abbreviations]] * [[:en:List_of_time_zones_by_country|List of time zones by country]] * [[:en:Lists_of_time_zones|Lists of time zones]] * [[:en:Metric_time|Metric time]] * [[:en:Category:Time_by_country|Time by country]] * [[:en:World_clock|World clock]] ==ၶေႃႈမၢႆတွင်း== {{Notelist}} ==ၽိုၼ်ဢိင်== {{Reflist|2}} ==ႁဵၼ်းၵွင်ႉၽၢႆႇၼွၵ်ႈ== {{Wikivoyage|Time zones|ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း}} * {{Commons category-inline|Time zones|ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း}} * [http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-t/opb/sp/T-SP-LT.1-2015-PDF-E.pdf LEGAL TIME 2015] [[Category:ၸူၼ်ႇၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] c6b8z1jqkm30np6owssq5rc6yuquyoc 112185 112184 2025-06-13T09:06:22Z Saimawnkham 5 112185 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း''' ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ၼႃႈလိၵ် ဢၼ်မၵ်းမၼ်ႈဝႆႉ [[:en:Standard_time|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] ပဵၼ်တၢင်းၵၢၼ် တွၼ်ႈတႃႇႁႂ်ႈမၼ်းပေႃးမႅၼ်ႈၽဵင်ႇၵၼ် တီႈ လွင်ႈသိုဝ်ႉၶၢႆပၢႆးမၢၵ်ႈမီး၊ လွင်ႈတၢင်းတူင်ႇဝူင်းၵူၼ်းၵူႈသမ်ႇသမ်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼႆႉ ၵႆႉၸႅၵ်ႇသေမၵ်းမၼ်ႈ ၸွမ်းၼၼ်ႇ သၢႆၶႅၼ်ႈလိၼ်မိူင်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉမၵ်းမၼ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸိူင်ႉၼၼ်သေ တီႈၼႂ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ၸိူဝ်းပဵၼ် ၵၢၼ်ၵႃႉၵၢၼ်ၶၢႆလႄႈသင်၊ ၵၢၼ်ၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇလႄႈသင် တေၸၢင်ႈႁဵတ်းႁႂ်ႈမၼ်းၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈ ၼႂ်းၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်လဵဝ်ၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း မိူင်းၸိူဝ်းမီးၼႂ်းၵမ်ႇၽႃႇၼႆႉ ၵမ်ႉၼမ်တႄႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ယၢမ်းမူင်းတဵမ် (UTC−12 to UTC+14) ၼင်ႇၵႃႈတီႈ [[Coordinated Universal Time]] (UTC)သေ မိူင်းၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈတႄႉ ၸႂ်ႉဝႆႉ 30 လႄႈ 45 မိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ (တူဝ်ယၢင်ႇမၼ်း [[:en:Newfoundland_Time_Zone|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ၼဵဝ်းၽွင်းလႅၼ်း]] - UTC−03:30၊ [[:en:Nepal_Time|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ၼီႇပေႃး]] - UTC+05:45၊ [[လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းမျၢၼ်ႇမႃႇ]] - UTC +06:30၊  [[:en:Indian_Standard_Time|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး]] - UTC+05:30) မိူင်းဢၼ် လတ်ႉတိၵျူႉသုင်ၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ [[:en:Daylight_saving_time|ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၶၢဝ်းမႆႈ]] ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ပေႃးထိုင်ၶၢဝ်းမႆႈၸိုင် သုတ်ႉၽၢႆႇၼႃႈ ၼိုင်ႈၸူဝ်ႈမူင်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ == List of UTC offsets == {{Main|List of UTC time offsets}} <!-- Please do not use time zone maps that have fixed file names with fixed dates. They are never updated and are only used for historical reference. --> [[File:World time zones.svg|800px|thumb|center|Time zones of the world]] In the table below, the locations that use daylight saving time (DST) are listed in their UTC offset when DST is ''not'' in effect. When DST is in effect, approximately during spring and summer, their UTC offset is increased by one hour (except for [[Lord Howe Island]], where it is increased by 30 minutes). For example, during the DST period [[California]] observes [[UTC−07:00]] and the [[United Kingdom]] observes [[UTC+01:00]]. {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; line-height:1.2" |- ! UTC offset ! colspan=2|Locations that do not use DST ! colspan=2|Locations that use DST |- | [[UTC−12:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||style=width:40%|<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Baker Island}}<br>{{flag|Howland Island}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||style=width:60%| |- | [[UTC−11:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|American Samoa}}<br>{{flag|Jarvis Island}}<br>{{flag|Kingman Reef}}<br>{{flag|Midway Atoll}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Niue}}<br>{{flag|Palmyra Atoll}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC−10:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Cook Islands}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag|French Polynesia}} (most)}}{{flag|Johnston Atoll}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Hawaii|Hawaii]]</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Andreanof Islands]], [[Islands of Four Mountains]], [[Near Islands]], [[Rat Islands]] ([[Aleutian Islands]], [[Alaska]]) |- | [[UTC−09:30]] | style=background:#CD61FF| ||{{flag|ပေႃႇလီႇၼေးသျႃး ၶွင် ၾရၢင်ႇသဵတ်ႈ}}: [[Marquesas Islands]] | style=background:#9900E0| || |- | [[UTC−09:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||{{flag|French Polynesia}}: [[Gambier Islands]] | style=background:#0400CD| ||{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Alaska|Alaska]] (most) |- | [[UTC−08:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||{{flag|Clipperton Island}}<br>{{flag|Pitcairn Islands}} | style=background:#00BF63| ||<div style="column-width:20em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[British Columbia]] (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Baja California]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in California|California]], [[Time in Idaho|Idaho]] (north), [[Time in Nevada|Nevada]] (most), [[Time in Oregon|Oregon]] (most), [[Washington (state)|Washington]]</div> |- | [[UTC−07:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[British Columbia]] (northeast), [[Yukon]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Baja California Sur]], [[Nayarit]] (most), [[Sinaloa]], [[Sonora]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Arizona|Arizona]] (most) | style=background:#D3D800| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Alberta]], [[British Columbia]] (southeast), [[Northwest Territories]], [[Time in Nunavut|Nunavut]] (west), [[Time in Saskatchewan|Saskatchewan]] ([[Lloydminster]] area)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]] (northwest border)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Arizona|Arizona]] ([[Navajo Nation]]), [[Colorado]], [[Time in Idaho|Idaho]] (most), [[Time in Kansas|Kansas]] (west), [[Montana]], [[Time in Nebraska|Nebraska]] (west), [[New Mexico]], [[Time in Nevada|Nevada]] (northeast border), [[Time in North Dakota|North Dakota]] (southwest), [[Time in Oregon|Oregon]] (east), [[Time in South Dakota|South Dakota]] (west), [[Time in Texas|Texas]] (west), [[Utah]], [[Wyoming]] |- | [[UTC−06:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Belize}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Time in Saskatchewan|Saskatchewan]] (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Costa Rica}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Ecuador}}: [[Galápagos Province|Galápagos]]}}{{flag|El Salvador}}<br>{{flag|Guatemala}}<br>{{flag|Honduras}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}} (most)<br>{{flag|Nicaragua}}</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||<div style="column-width:20em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Manitoba]], [[Time in Nunavut|Nunavut]] (central), [[Ontario]] (west)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Chile}}: [[Easter Island]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}} (northeast border)<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Alabama|Alabama]], [[Arkansas]], [[Time in Florida|Florida]] (northwest), [[Illinois]], [[Time in Indiana|Indiana]] (northwest, southwest), [[Iowa]], [[Time in Kansas|Kansas]] (most), [[Time in Kentucky|Kentucky]] (west), [[Louisiana]], [[Time in Michigan|Michigan]] (northwest border), [[Minnesota]], [[Mississippi]], [[Missouri]], [[Time in Nebraska|Nebraska]] (most), [[Time in North Dakota|North Dakota]] (most), [[Oklahoma]], [[Time in South Dakota|South Dakota]] (most), [[Time in Tennessee|Tennessee]] (most), [[Time in Texas|Texas]] (most), [[Wisconsin]]}}</div> |- | [[UTC−05:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}}: [[Acre (state)|Acre]], [[Amazonas (Brazilian state)|Amazonas]] (southwest)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Atikokan]], [[Mishkeegogamang First Nation|Mishkeegogamang]], [[Southampton Island]]<br>{{flag|Cayman Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Colombia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ecuador}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Jamaica}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Quintana Roo]]<br>{{flag|Navassa Island}}<br>{{flag|Panama}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Peru}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| ||<div style="column-width:20em;column-count:2">{{flag|Bahamas}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Time in Nunavut|Nunavut]] (east), [[Ontario]] (most), [[Quebec]] (most)<br>{{flag|Cuba}}<br>{{flag|Haiti}}<br>{{flag|Turks and Caicos Islands}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Connecticut|Connecticut]], [[Delaware]], [[Time in Washington, D.C.|District of Columbia]], [[Time in Florida|Florida]] (most), [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], [[Time in Indiana|Indiana]] (most), [[Time in Kentucky|Kentucky]] (east), [[Time in Maine|Maine]], [[Maryland]], [[Time in Massachusetts|Massachusetts]], [[Time in Michigan|Michigan]] (most), [[Time in New Hampshire|New Hampshire]], [[New Jersey]], [[Time in New York|New York]], [[North Carolina]], [[Ohio]], [[Pennsylvania]], [[Time in Rhode Island|Rhode Island]], [[South Carolina]], [[Time in Tennessee|Tennessee]] (east), [[Time in Vermont|Vermont]], [[Virginia]], [[West Virginia]]}}</div> |- | [[UTC−04:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Anguilla}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Antigua and Barbuda}}<br>{{flag|Aruba}}<br>{{flag|Barbados}}<br>{{flag|Bolivia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}}: [[Amazonas (Brazilian state)|Amazonas]] (most), [[Mato Grosso]], [[Mato Grosso do Sul]], [[Rondônia]], [[Roraima]]<br>{{flag|British Virgin Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Quebec]] (east)<br>{{flag|Caribbean Netherlands}}<br>{{flag|Curaçao}}<br>{{flag|Dominica}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag|Dominican Republic}}}}{{flag|Grenada}}<br>{{flag|Guadeloupe}}<br>{{flag|Guyana}}<br>{{flag|Martinique}}<br>{{flag|Montserrat}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Puerto Rico}}<br>{{flag|Saint Barthélemy}}<br>{{flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}<br>{{flag|Saint Lucia}}<br>{{flag|Saint Martin}}<br>{{flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}<br>{{flag|Sint Maarten}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Trinidad and Tobago}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States Virgin Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Venezuela}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||{{flag|Bermuda}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Labrador]] (most), [[New Brunswick]], [[Nova Scotia]], [[Prince Edward Island]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Chile}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Greenland}}: [[Pituffik Space Base]] |- | [[UTC−03:30]] | style=background:#A9FF13| || | style=background:#419300| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]], [[Labrador]] (southeast) |- | [[UTC−03:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Argentina}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Chile}}: [[Magallanes Region]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Falkland Islands}}<br>{{flag|French Guiana}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Paraguay}}<br>{{flag|Suriname}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Uruguay}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| ||{{flag|Saint Pierre and Miquelon}} |- | [[UTC−02:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}}: [[Fernando de Noronha]]<br>{{flag|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands}} | style=background:#DE006A| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Greenland}} (most) |- | [[UTC−01:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Cape Verde}} | style=background:#0400CD| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Portugal}}: [[Azores]] |- | [[UTC+00:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Burkina Faso}}<br>{{flag|Gambia}}<br>{{flag|Ghana}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Greenland}}: [[Northeast Greenland National Park|National Park]] (east coast)<br>{{flag|Guinea}}<br>{{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}<br>{{flag|Iceland}}<br>{{flag|Ivory Coast}}<br>{{flag|Liberia}}<br>{{flag|Mali}}<br>{{flag|Mauritania}}<br>{{flag|Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha}}<br>{{flag|Senegal}}<br>{{flag|Sierra Leone}}<br>{{flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}}<br>{{flag|Togo}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Faroe Islands}}<br>{{flag|Bailiwick of Guernsey|name=Guernsey}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ireland}}<br>{{flag|Isle of Man}}<br>{{flag|Jersey}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Portugal}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Spain}}: [[Canary Islands]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United Kingdom}} |- | [[UTC+01:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Algeria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Angola}}<br>{{flag|Benin}}<br>{{flag|Cameroon}}<br>{{flag|Central African Republic}}<br>{{flag|Chad}}<br>{{flag|Congo}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|DR Congo|name=Democratic Republic of the Congo}}: [[Province of Équateur|Équateur]], [[Kinshasa]], [[Kongo Central]], [[Kwango]], [[Kwilu Province|Kwilu]], [[Mai-Ndombe Province|Mai-Ndombe]], [[Mongala]], [[Nord-Ubangi]], [[Sud-Ubangi]], [[Tshuapa]]}}{{flag|Equatorial Guinea}}<br>{{flag|Gabon}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Morocco}}{{efn|name=ma|Observes UTC+00:00 around [[Ramadan]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-changes-clocks-2019.html |title=Morocco Re-Introduces Clock Changes for Ramadan 2019 |publisher=Timeanddate.com |date=April 19, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228210847/https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-changes-clocks-2019.html |archive-date=December 28, 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/morocco/casablanca |title=Time Zone in Casablanca, Morocco |publisher=Timeanddate.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210330010901/https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/morocco/casablanca |archive-date=March 30, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/western-sahara/el-aaiun |title=Time Zone in El Aaiún, Western Sahara |publisher=Timeanddate.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214122434/https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/western-sahara/el-aaiun |archive-date=February 14, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br>{{flag|Niger}}<br>{{flag|Nigeria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tunisia}}<br>''{{flag|Western Sahara}}''{{efn|name=ma}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:3">{{flag|Albania}}<br>{{flag|Andorra}}<br>{{flag|Austria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Belgium}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}<br>{{flag|Croatia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Czech Republic}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Denmark}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|France}} ([[Metropolitan France|metropolitan]])<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Germany}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Gibraltar}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Hungary}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Italy}}<br>''{{flag|Kosovo}}''<br>{{flag|Liechtenstein}}<br>{{flag|Luxembourg}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Malta}}<br>{{flag|Monaco}}<br>{{flag|Montenegro}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Netherlands}} (European)<br>{{flag|North Macedonia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Norway}}<br>{{flag|Poland}}<br>{{flag|San Marino}}<br>{{flag|Serbia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Slovakia}}<br>{{flag|Slovenia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Spain}} (most)<br>{{flag|Sweden}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Switzerland}}<br>{{flag|Vatican City}}</div> |- | [[UTC+02:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Botswana}}<br>{{flag|Burundi}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|DR Congo|name=Democratic Republic of the Congo}} (most)<br>{{flag|Eswatini}}<br>{{flag|Lesotho}}<br><!--{{flag|Libya}}--><br>{{flag|Malawi}}<br>{{flag|Mozambique}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Namibia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Kaliningrad Oblast|Kaliningrad]]<br>{{flag|Rwanda}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|South Africa}} (most)<br>{{flag|South Sudan}}<br>{{flag|Sudan}}<br>{{flag|Zambia}}<br>{{flag|Zimbabwe}}</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:3">{{flag|Akrotiri and Dhekelia}}<br>{{flag|Bulgaria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Cyprus}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Egypt}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Estonia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Finland}}<br>{{flag|Greece}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Israel}}<br>{{flag|Latvia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Lebanon}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Lithuania}}<br>{{flag|Moldova}}<br>''{{flag|Northern Cyprus}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Palestine}}<br>{{flag|Romania}}<br>''{{flag|Transnistria}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ukraine}} (most)</div> |- | [[UTC+03:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">''{{flag|Abkhazia}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Bahrain}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Belarus}}<br>{{flag|Comoros}}<br>{{flag|Djibouti}}<br>{{flag|Eritrea}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ethiopia}}<br>{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}: [[Scattered Islands]]<ref name=fr>{{cite web |url=https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000034154759 |title=Décret nº 2017-292 du 6 mars 2017 relatif au temps légal français |trans-title=Decree no. 2017-292 of 6 March 2017 relative to French legal time |publisher=Légifrance |date=March 8, 2017 |language=fr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202160854/https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000034154759/ |archive-date=December 2, 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><br>{{flag+link|Time in|Iraq}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Jordan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kenya}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kuwait}}<br>{{flag|Madagascar}}<br>{{flag|Mayotte}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Qatar}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}} (most of [[European Russia|European part]])<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Saudi Arabia}}<br>{{flag|Somalia}}<br>''{{flag|Somaliland}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|South Africa}}: [[Prince Edward Islands]]<br>''{{flag+link|Time in|South Ossetia}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Syria}}<br>{{flag|Tanzania}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Turkey}}<br>{{flag|Uganda}}<br>{{flag|Ukraine}}: [[Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine|occupied territories]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Yemen}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| || |- | [[UTC+03:30]] | style=background:#35C8FF| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Iran}} | style=background:#0080B2| || |- | [[UTC+04:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Armenia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Azerbaijan}}<br>{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}: [[Crozet Islands]]<ref name=fr/><br>{{flag+link|Time in|Georgia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mauritius}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Oman}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Astrakhan Oblast|Astrakhan]], [[Samara Oblast|Samara]], [[Saratov Oblast|Saratov]], [[Udmurtia]], [[Ulyanovsk Oblast|Ulyanovsk]]<br>{{flag|Réunion}}<br>{{flag|Seychelles}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United Arab Emirates}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| || |- | [[UTC+04:30]] | style=background:#A9FF13| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Afghanistan}} | style=background:#419300| || |- | [[UTC+05:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}: [[Kerguelen Islands]], [[Île Saint-Paul|Saint Paul Island]], [[Île Amsterdam|Amsterdam Island]]<br>{{flag|Heard Island and McDonald Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kazakhstan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Maldives}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Pakistan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Bashkortostan]], [[Chelyabinsk Oblast|Chelyabinsk]], [[Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug|Khanty-Mansi]], [[Kurgan Oblast|Kurgan]], [[Orenburg Oblast|Orenburg]], [[Perm Krai|Perm]], [[Sverdlovsk Oblast|Sverdlovsk]], [[Tyumen Oblast|Tyumen]], [[Yamalia]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tajikistan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Turkmenistan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Uzbekistan}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC+05:30]] | style=background:#FF9F25| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|India}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Sri Lanka}}</div> | style=background:#F05F00| || |- | [[UTC+05:45]] | style=background:#FF2F2F| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Nepal}} | style=background:#D0D0D0| || |- | [[UTC+06:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Bangladesh}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Bhutan}}<br>{{flag|British Indian Ocean Territory}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kyrgyzstan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Omsk Oblast|Omsk]]</div> | style=background:#DE006A| || |- | [[UTC+06:30]] | style=background:#CD61FF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Cocos (Keeling) Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Myanmar}}</div> | style=background:#9900E0| || |- | [[UTC+07:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Cambodia}}<br>{{flag|Christmas Island}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Indonesia}}: [[Sumatra]], [[Java]], [[West Kalimantan]], [[Central Kalimantan]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Laos}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Mongolia}}: [[Bayan-Ölgii Province|Bayan-Ölgii]], [[Khovd Province|Khovd]], [[Uvs Province|Uvs]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Altai Krai]], [[Altai Republic]], [[Kemerovo Oblast|Kemerovo]], [[Khakassia]], [[Krasnoyarsk Krai|Krasnoyarsk]], [[Novosibirsk Oblast|Novosibirsk]], [[Tomsk Oblast|Tomsk]], [[Tuva]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Thailand}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Vietnam}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| || |- | [[UTC+08:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Western Australia]] (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Brunei}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|China}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Hong Kong}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Indonesia}}: [[South Kalimantan]], [[East Kalimantan]], [[North Kalimantan]], [[Sulawesi]], [[Lesser Sunda Islands]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Macau}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Malaysia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mongolia}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Philippines}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Buryatia]], [[Irkutsk Oblast|Irkutsk]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Singapore}}<br>''{{flag+link|Time in|Taiwan}}''</div> | style=background:#00BF63| || |- | [[UTC+08:45]] | style=background:#A5FB00| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Eucla, Western Australia|Eucla]] | style=background:#8ED800| || |- | [[UTC+09:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|East Timor}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Indonesia}}: [[Maluku Islands]], [[Western New Guinea]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Japan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|North Korea}}<br>{{flag|Palau}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Amur Oblast|Amur]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha]] (most), [[Zabaykalsky Krai|Zabaykalsky]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|South Korea}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC+09:30]] | style=background:#FF9F25| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Northern Territory]] | style=background:#F05F00| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[South Australia]], [[Yancowinna County]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Standard Time Act 1987 No 149 |url=https://legislation.nsw.gov.au/view/whole/html/inforce/current/act-1987-149 |publisher=New South Wales Government |access-date=February 29, 2024}}</ref> |- | [[UTC+10:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Queensland]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Guam}}<br>{{flag|Micronesia}}: [[Chuuk State|Chuuk]], [[Yap State|Yap]]<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Northern Mariana Islands}}}}{{no col break|{{flag|Papua New Guinea}} (most)}}{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Jewish Autonomous Oblast|Jewish]], [[Khabarovsk Krai|Khabarovsk]], [[Primorsky Krai|Primorsky]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha]] (central-east)</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Australian Capital Territory]], [[Jervis Bay Territory]], [[New South Wales]] (most), [[Tasmania]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] |- | [[UTC+10:30]] | style=background:#CD61FF| || | style=background:#9900E0| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Lord Howe Island]] (DST increase is 30 minutes) |- | [[UTC+11:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Micronesia}}: [[Kosrae]], [[Pohnpei State|Pohnpei]]<br>{{flag|New Caledonia}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag|Papua New Guinea}}: [[Autonomous Region of Bougainville|Bougainville]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Magadan Oblast|Magadan]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha]] (east), [[Sakhalin Oblast|Sakhalin]]<br>{{flag|Solomon Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Vanuatu}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Norfolk Island}} |- | [[UTC+12:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Fiji}}<br>{{flag|Kiribati}}: [[Gilbert Islands]]<br>{{flag|Marshall Islands}}<br>{{flag|Nauru}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Chukotka Autonomous Okrug|Chukotka]], [[Kamchatka Krai|Kamchatka]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Tuvalu}}<br>{{flag|Wake Island}}<br>{{flag|Wallis and Futuna}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||{{flag+link|Time in|New Zealand}} (most) |- | [[UTC+12:45]] | style=background:#A5FB00| || | style=background:#8ED800| ||{{flag+link|Time in|New Zealand}}: [[Chatham Islands]] |- | [[UTC+13:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Kiribati}}: [[Phoenix Islands]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Samoa}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tokelau}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tonga}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC+14:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||{{flag|Kiribati}}: [[Line Islands]] | style=background:#DE006A| || |} ==ပိုၼ်း== ===Early timekeeping=== မိူဝ်ႈပႆႇၶူင်သၢင်ႈလႆႈ [[ယၢမ်းမူင်း]]ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵူၼ်းၶဝ်ၼႆႉ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼိုင်ႈဝၼ်းၼိုင်ႈဝၼ်းၼႆႉ လႆႈဢိင်ၼိူဝ်သဵၼ်ႈတၢင်းဢၼ်လႅတ်ႇၵႂႃႇသေ တႅပ်းတတ်းယဝ်ႉ။ တူဝ်ယၢင်ႇမၼ်း မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ယၢမ်းမူင်းလႅတ်ႇၼၼ်ႉသေ ၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ဢိင်ၼိူဝ်ဢွင်ႈတီႈမၼ်းသေ မီးလွင်ႈပႅၵ်ႇပိူင်ႈၵၼ်ဝႆႉယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ ထိုင် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ၁၉ ၽိူဝ်ႇ ယၢမ်းမူင်းဢၼ်ၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈ ဢွၵ်ႇမႃးၸိုင်{{citation needed}} ၵူႈဝဵင်းဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈ [[:en:Mean solar time|mean solar time]] မႃးယဝ်ႉ။ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းလႅတ်ႇ ဢၼ်မီးတႄႉတႄႉမၼ်းၼႆႉ တင်း mean solar time သေ ပိူင်ႈၵၼ် မွၵ်ႈ ၁၅ မိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ (ၼႄဝႆႉတီႈ ([[:en:Equation of time|လွင်ႈၽဵင်ႇမိူၼ် ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] ၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။) လွင်ႈလႆႈပိူင်ႈၵၼ်ၸိူင်ႉၼၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈဝႃႈ ၵမ်ႇၽႃႇၼႆႉ မၼ်းပၼ်ႁွပ်ႈလႅတ်ႈ ၼင်ႇမူၼ်းၶႆႇပဵတ်းလၢဝ်ႈလၢဝ်ႈ ([[:en:Orbital eccentricity|Eccentricity]]) လႄႈ ယွၼ်ႉ မၼ်းပၼ်ႇၵိူင်း တီႈၼိူဝ်ၵၢၼ်း ([[:en:Axial tilt|Obliquity]]) မၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၼ်း ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်မီးတီႈၼိူဝ် Mean solar time ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဝႃႈပဵၼ် ၶၢဝ်းၵၢင်ဝၼ်းၼႆ မီးၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းဢၼ်မိူၼ်ၵၼ်သေ လွင်ႈပိူင်ႈၵၼ် သွင်ဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဝႆႉ သုတ်းပီၵႂႃႇၼႆ ၶိုၼ်းၽႅဝ်ၵႂႃႇတီႈ သၢႆငၢႆ သုၼ် ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပဵၼ် [[လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ (Greenwich Mean Time)]] (GMT) ၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ [[:en:Royal Observatory, Greenwich|ဢွင်ႈလႅပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းၾႃႉလၢဝ် ၸၢဝ်းၸဝ်ႈ (ၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ)]] သေ လႆႈၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈမႃး မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1675 ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈယိူင်းဢၢၼ်းတႄႉ ပဵၼ်တွၼ်ႈတႃႇပၼ်လႆႈ တၢင်းၸွႆႈထႅမ်ႈ တႃႇ ႁိူင်းသၢင်ႈၽေႃး ဢၼ်မီးတီႈၼႂ်း ပၢင်ႇလၢႆႇ ႁႂ်ႈမၵ်းမၼ်ႈလႆႈ [[:en:Longitude|လွင်ႇၵျီႇၵျူႉ]] ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၽွင်းမိူဝ်ႈဝဵင်းတီႈၼႂ်း ဢိင်ႇၵလၢၼ်ႇ ၵူႈတီႈတီႈ ဢၼ်မီးၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈ ဢမ်ႇမိူၼ်ၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ သၢႆဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းပၼ်မႃးလႆႈ လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းတႃႇဢိင်ဢၢင်ႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ===Railway time=== [[File:Time zone chicago.jpg|right|thumb|Plaque commemorating the Railway General Time Convention of 1883 in North America]] ၽိူဝ်ႇ လွင်ႈၵၢၼ်တေႃႉသူင်ႇရူတ်ႉလဵၼ်း လႄႈ လွင်ႈၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇသၢႆလူမ်း ႁုၼ်ႈမုၼ်းၶိုၼ်ႈယႂ်ႇမႃး ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈ (Local solar time) ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မီးလွင်ႈဢမ်ႇၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈမႃးယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈတၢင်းမၼ်းတႄႉ ဢိင်ၼိူဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ်သေၵေႃႈ လွင်ႇၵျီႇၵျူႉ ဢၼ်ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈလႅင်ႈလိၼ်သေ ၼႂ်းၵႄႈဢွင်ႈတီႈပိုၼ်ႉတီႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယၢမ်းမူင်းၼႆႉ လႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈဝႆႉယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ တီႈ လွင်ႇၵျီႇၵျူႉတီႇၵရီႇၼိုင်ႈဢၼ်ၼႆႉ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းလႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈ သီႇမိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ တူဝ်ယၢင်ႇမၼ်း [[:en:Bristol|ပရိတ်ႉသ်တူဝ်ႇ]]ၼႆႉ မီးဝႆႉ ၽၢႆႇတူၵ်း ၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ (ပွတ်းဢွၵ်ႇ [[ဝဵင်းလၼ်ႇတၼ်ႇ]]) မွၵ်ႈ ၂.၅ တီႇၵရီႇၼၼ်ႉလႄႈ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းတဵင်ႈဝၼ်း တီႈ ဝဵင်းပရိတ်ႉသ်တူဝ်ႇ (Solar noon) ၼႆႉ မၼ်းပေႃးပူၼ်ႉၵႂႃႇ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းတဵင်ႈဝၼ်းတီႈလၼ်ႇတၼ်ႇ တႃႇ ၁၀ မိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉပၢႆယဝ်ႉ။ <ref>Latitude and Longitude of World Cities http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0001769.html</ref> လွင်ႈၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼႆ့ ယိုင်ႈႁိုင်ႈယိုင်ႈပိူင်ႈၵၼ်မႃးၼမ်ယဝ်ႉ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈ ပီ 1847 တီႇသႅမ်ႇပႃႇ 1 ဝၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ [[:en:History of rail transport in Great Britain|ၶမ်ႇပၼီႇရူတ်ႉလဵၼ်း]] ဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ၵရဵတ်ႉပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇ ဢဝ် GMT သႂ်ႇတီႈၼႂ်ႈ [[ယၢမ်းမူင်းၶရူဝ်ႇမီႇတႃႇ|ၶရူဝ်ႇၼူဝ်ႇမီႇတႃႇ]] ဢၼ်တေႃႉဢဝ်ၵႂႃႇငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉသေၵေႃႈ မၵ်းမၼ်ႈမႃးယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်းၵႃႈၶမ်ႇပၼီႇ ႁူင်းၵၢၼ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၶမ်ႇပၼီႇဢၼ်မၵ်းမၼ်ႈဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် [[:en:Great Western Railway|Great Western Railway]] (GWR) သေ ပဵၼ် မိူဝ်ႈ 1840 ၼူဝ်ႇဝႅမ်ႇပႃႇၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇပေႃးႁိုင်ပေႃးၼၢၼ်း ၵူၼ်းႁူႉၼမ်မႃးဝႃႈ [[:en:Railway time|Railway Time]] ဝႃႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မွၵ်ႈ 1852 ဢေႃးၵၢတ်ႉ 23 ၼၼ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ဢွင်ႈတူၺ်းလၢဝ်ၾႃႉ ၸၢဝ်းၸဝ်ႈ (ၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ) လႆႈပိုၼ်ပွႆႇပၼ် သၢႆၶၢဝ်းယမၢ်း (time signals) [[သၢႆလူမ်း]]ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းမူင်း ၵူၼ်းမိူင်းဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ၵရဵတ်ႉပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇ မွၵ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ ၉၈% ၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈပႆႇထိုင် 1855 ၼႆႉ တိုၵ်ႉဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ GMT မႃးယဝ်ႉ။ တေႃႇပႆႇထိုင် 1880 ဢေႃးၵၢတ်ႉ 2 ဝၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းပႆႇလႆႈမၵ်းမၼ်ႈ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပဵၼ်တၢင်းၵၢၼ် ႁင်းပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇ။ ၶၢဝ်းယမၢ်းၼၼ်ႉ တီႈယၢမ်းမူင်းပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇၼၼ်ႉ မီး မိုဝ်းမိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉသွင်ဢၼ်သေ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်တွၼ်ႈတႃႇ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် တႃႇ GMT ယဝ်ႉ။<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/info/bristol-time.htm|title=Bristol Time|publisher=Wwp.greenwichmeantime.com|date=|accessdate=2011-12-05|archivedate=2006-06-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060628151049/http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/info/bristol-time.htm}}</ref> ၽွင်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်ႉၵမ်ႉၽႃႇၼႆႉ ၽၢႆႇလွင်ႈၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇတိတ်းတေႃႇ ၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈမႃးၸိုင် တီႈဢၼ်ၶဵင်ႇၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇတိတ်းတေႃႇၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ လူဝ်ႇ လွင်ႈမၵ်းမၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်ပွင်ၸႂ်ငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ===ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ပတ်ႉပိုၼ်ႉၵမ်ႇၽႃႇ=== ==ၶေႃႈပိုတ်ႇတီႈပွင်ႇ== ==Notation of time== ===SO 8601=== ===UTC=== ====UTC offset==== ===တူဝ်ယေႃႈမၼ်း=== ==UTC offsets ပတ်ႉပိုၼ်ႉၵမ်ႇၽႃႇ== ==သဵၼ်ႈမၢႆ UTC offsets== ==Time zone conversions== ==ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်ထိင်းဝႆႉပၼ် လႅင်းသၢႆလႅတ်ႇ== ==ပိူင်ၶွမ်ပိဝ်ႇတႃႇလႄႈ ပိူင်ဢိၼ်ႇထႃႇၼႅတ်ႇ== ===Operating systems=== ====Unix==== ====မၢႆႉၶရူဝ်ႇသွပ်ႉၾ် ဝိၼ်းတူဝ်း==== ===ၽႃႇသႃႇၵႂၢမ်း ၽရူဝ်ႇၶႅမ်းမိင်း=== ====Java==== ====JavaScript==== ====Perl==== ====PHP==== ====Python==== ==တႃႇသိုပ်ႇတူၺ်းထႅင်ႈ== [[File:Coventry_Time_Zone_Clock.jpg|right|thumb|220x220px|The control panel of the Time Zone Clock in front of Coventry Transport Museum.]] * [[:en:Daylight_saving_time|Daylight saving time]] * [[:en:ISO_8601|ISO 8601]] * [[:en:Jet_lag|Jet lag]] * [[:en:List_of_time_zone_abbreviations|List of time zone abbreviations]] * [[:en:List_of_time_zones_by_country|List of time zones by country]] * [[:en:Lists_of_time_zones|Lists of time zones]] * [[:en:Metric_time|Metric time]] * [[:en:Category:Time_by_country|Time by country]] * [[:en:World_clock|World clock]] ==ၶေႃႈမၢႆတွင်း== {{Notelist}} ==ၽိုၼ်ဢိင်== {{Reflist|2}} ==ႁဵၼ်းၵွင်ႉၽၢႆႇၼွၵ်ႈ== {{Wikivoyage|Time zones|ၸူၼ်ႇၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း}} * {{Commons category-inline|Time zones|ၸူၼ်ႇၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း}} * [http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-t/opb/sp/T-SP-LT.1-2015-PDF-E.pdf LEGAL TIME 2015] [[Category:ၸူၼ်ႇၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] sg8n1e3imct512iwd89i5g9yrf0pmi0 112191 112185 2025-06-13T09:17:31Z Saimawnkham 5 112191 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း''' ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ၼႃႈလိၵ် ဢၼ်မၵ်းမၼ်ႈဝႆႉ [[:en:Standard_time|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] ပဵၼ်တၢင်းၵၢၼ် တွၼ်ႈတႃႇႁႂ်ႈမၼ်းပေႃးမႅၼ်ႈၽဵင်ႇၵၼ် တီႈ လွင်ႈသိုဝ်ႉၶၢႆပၢႆးမၢၵ်ႈမီး၊ လွင်ႈတၢင်းတူင်ႇဝူင်းၵူၼ်းၵူႈသမ်ႇသမ်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼႆႉ ၵႆႉၸႅၵ်ႇသေမၵ်းမၼ်ႈ ၸွမ်းၼၼ်ႇ သၢႆၶႅၼ်ႈလိၼ်မိူင်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉမၵ်းမၼ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸိူင်ႉၼၼ်သေ တီႈၼႂ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ၸိူဝ်းပဵၼ် ၵၢၼ်ၵႃႉၵၢၼ်ၶၢႆလႄႈသင်၊ ၵၢၼ်ၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇလႄႈသင် တေၸၢင်ႈႁဵတ်းႁႂ်ႈမၼ်းၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈ ၼႂ်းၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်လဵဝ်ၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း မိူင်းၸိူဝ်းမီးၼႂ်းၵမ်ႇၽႃႇၼႆႉ ၵမ်ႉၼမ်တႄႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ယၢမ်းမူင်းတဵမ် (UTC−12 to UTC+14) ၼင်ႇၵႃႈတီႈ [[Coordinated Universal Time]] (UTC)သေ မိူင်းၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈတႄႉ ၸႂ်ႉဝႆႉ 30 လႄႈ 45 မိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ (တူဝ်ယၢင်ႇမၼ်း [[:en:Newfoundland_Time_Zone|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ၼဵဝ်းၽွင်းလႅၼ်း]] - UTC−03:30၊ [[:en:Nepal_Time|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ၼီႇပေႃး]] - UTC+05:45၊ [[လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းမျၢၼ်ႇမႃႇ]] - UTC +06:30၊  [[:en:Indian_Standard_Time|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး]] - UTC+05:30) မိူင်းဢၼ် လတ်ႉတိၵျူႉသုင်ၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ [[:en:Daylight_saving_time|ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၶၢဝ်းမႆႈ]] ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ပေႃးထိုင်ၶၢဝ်းမႆႈၸိုင် သုတ်ႉၽၢႆႇၼႃႈ ၼိုင်ႈၸူဝ်ႈမူင်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ == List of UTC offsets == {{Main|List of UTC time offsets}} <!-- Please do not use time zone maps that have fixed file names with fixed dates. They are never updated and are only used for historical reference. --> [[File:World time zones.svg|800px|thumb|center|Time zones of the world]] In the table below, the locations that use daylight saving time (DST) are listed in their UTC offset when DST is ''not'' in effect. When DST is in effect, approximately during spring and summer, their UTC offset is increased by one hour (except for [[Lord Howe Island]], where it is increased by 30 minutes). For example, during the DST period [[California]] observes [[UTC−07:00]] and the [[United Kingdom]] observes [[UTC+01:00]]. {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; line-height:1.2" |- ! UTC offset ! colspan=2|Locations that do not use DST ! colspan=2|Locations that use DST |- | [[UTC−12:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||style=width:40%|<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|ၵုၼ်ပႄးၵႃႇ}}<br>{{flag|Howland Island}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||style=width:60%| |- | [[UTC−11:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|American Samoa}}<br>{{flag|Jarvis Island}}<br>{{flag|Kingman Reef}}<br>{{flag|Midway Atoll}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Niue}}<br>{{flag|Palmyra Atoll}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC−10:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Cook Islands}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag|French Polynesia}} (most)}}{{flag|Johnston Atoll}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Hawaii|Hawaii]]</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Andreanof Islands]], [[Islands of Four Mountains]], [[Near Islands]], [[Rat Islands]] ([[Aleutian Islands]], [[Alaska]]) |- | [[UTC−09:30]] | style=background:#CD61FF| ||{{flag|ပေႃႇလီႇၼေးသျႃး ၶွင် ၾရၢင်ႇသဵတ်ႈ}}: [[Marquesas Islands]] | style=background:#9900E0| || |- | [[UTC−09:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||{{flag|French Polynesia}}: [[Gambier Islands]] | style=background:#0400CD| ||{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Alaska|Alaska]] (most) |- | [[UTC−08:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||{{flag|Clipperton Island}}<br>{{flag|Pitcairn Islands}} | style=background:#00BF63| ||<div style="column-width:20em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[British Columbia]] (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Baja California]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in California|California]], [[Time in Idaho|Idaho]] (north), [[Time in Nevada|Nevada]] (most), [[Time in Oregon|Oregon]] (most), [[Washington (state)|Washington]]</div> |- | [[UTC−07:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[British Columbia]] (northeast), [[Yukon]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Baja California Sur]], [[Nayarit]] (most), [[Sinaloa]], [[Sonora]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Arizona|Arizona]] (most) | style=background:#D3D800| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Alberta]], [[British Columbia]] (southeast), [[Northwest Territories]], [[Time in Nunavut|Nunavut]] (west), [[Time in Saskatchewan|Saskatchewan]] ([[Lloydminster]] area)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]] (northwest border)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Arizona|Arizona]] ([[Navajo Nation]]), [[Colorado]], [[Time in Idaho|Idaho]] (most), [[Time in Kansas|Kansas]] (west), [[Montana]], [[Time in Nebraska|Nebraska]] (west), [[New Mexico]], [[Time in Nevada|Nevada]] (northeast border), [[Time in North Dakota|North Dakota]] (southwest), [[Time in Oregon|Oregon]] (east), [[Time in South Dakota|South Dakota]] (west), [[Time in Texas|Texas]] (west), [[Utah]], [[Wyoming]] |- | [[UTC−06:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Belize}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Time in Saskatchewan|Saskatchewan]] (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Costa Rica}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Ecuador}}: [[Galápagos Province|Galápagos]]}}{{flag|El Salvador}}<br>{{flag|Guatemala}}<br>{{flag|Honduras}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}} (most)<br>{{flag|Nicaragua}}</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||<div style="column-width:20em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Manitoba]], [[Time in Nunavut|Nunavut]] (central), [[Ontario]] (west)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Chile}}: [[Easter Island]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}} (northeast border)<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Alabama|Alabama]], [[Arkansas]], [[Time in Florida|Florida]] (northwest), [[Illinois]], [[Time in Indiana|Indiana]] (northwest, southwest), [[Iowa]], [[Time in Kansas|Kansas]] (most), [[Time in Kentucky|Kentucky]] (west), [[Louisiana]], [[Time in Michigan|Michigan]] (northwest border), [[Minnesota]], [[Mississippi]], [[Missouri]], [[Time in Nebraska|Nebraska]] (most), [[Time in North Dakota|North Dakota]] (most), [[Oklahoma]], [[Time in South Dakota|South Dakota]] (most), [[Time in Tennessee|Tennessee]] (most), [[Time in Texas|Texas]] (most), [[Wisconsin]]}}</div> |- | [[UTC−05:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}}: [[Acre (state)|Acre]], [[Amazonas (Brazilian state)|Amazonas]] (southwest)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Atikokan]], [[Mishkeegogamang First Nation|Mishkeegogamang]], [[Southampton Island]]<br>{{flag|Cayman Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Colombia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ecuador}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Jamaica}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Quintana Roo]]<br>{{flag|Navassa Island}}<br>{{flag|Panama}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Peru}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| ||<div style="column-width:20em;column-count:2">{{flag|Bahamas}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Time in Nunavut|Nunavut]] (east), [[Ontario]] (most), [[Quebec]] (most)<br>{{flag|Cuba}}<br>{{flag|Haiti}}<br>{{flag|Turks and Caicos Islands}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Connecticut|Connecticut]], [[Delaware]], [[Time in Washington, D.C.|District of Columbia]], [[Time in Florida|Florida]] (most), [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], [[Time in Indiana|Indiana]] (most), [[Time in Kentucky|Kentucky]] (east), [[Time in Maine|Maine]], [[Maryland]], [[Time in Massachusetts|Massachusetts]], [[Time in Michigan|Michigan]] (most), [[Time in New Hampshire|New Hampshire]], [[New Jersey]], [[Time in New York|New York]], [[North Carolina]], [[Ohio]], [[Pennsylvania]], [[Time in Rhode Island|Rhode Island]], [[South Carolina]], [[Time in Tennessee|Tennessee]] (east), [[Time in Vermont|Vermont]], [[Virginia]], [[West Virginia]]}}</div> |- | [[UTC−04:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Anguilla}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Antigua and Barbuda}}<br>{{flag|Aruba}}<br>{{flag|Barbados}}<br>{{flag|Bolivia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}}: [[Amazonas (Brazilian state)|Amazonas]] (most), [[Mato Grosso]], [[Mato Grosso do Sul]], [[Rondônia]], [[Roraima]]<br>{{flag|British Virgin Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Quebec]] (east)<br>{{flag|Caribbean Netherlands}}<br>{{flag|Curaçao}}<br>{{flag|Dominica}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag|Dominican Republic}}}}{{flag|Grenada}}<br>{{flag|Guadeloupe}}<br>{{flag|Guyana}}<br>{{flag|Martinique}}<br>{{flag|Montserrat}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Puerto Rico}}<br>{{flag|Saint Barthélemy}}<br>{{flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}<br>{{flag|Saint Lucia}}<br>{{flag|Saint Martin}}<br>{{flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}<br>{{flag|Sint Maarten}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Trinidad and Tobago}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States Virgin Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Venezuela}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||{{flag|Bermuda}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Labrador]] (most), [[New Brunswick]], [[Nova Scotia]], [[Prince Edward Island]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Chile}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Greenland}}: [[Pituffik Space Base]] |- | [[UTC−03:30]] | style=background:#A9FF13| || | style=background:#419300| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]], [[Labrador]] (southeast) |- | [[UTC−03:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Argentina}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Chile}}: [[Magallanes Region]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Falkland Islands}}<br>{{flag|French Guiana}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Paraguay}}<br>{{flag|Suriname}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Uruguay}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| ||{{flag|Saint Pierre and Miquelon}} |- | [[UTC−02:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}}: [[Fernando de Noronha]]<br>{{flag|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands}} | style=background:#DE006A| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Greenland}} (most) |- | [[UTC−01:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Cape Verde}} | style=background:#0400CD| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Portugal}}: [[Azores]] |- | [[UTC+00:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Burkina Faso}}<br>{{flag|Gambia}}<br>{{flag|Ghana}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Greenland}}: [[Northeast Greenland National Park|National Park]] (east coast)<br>{{flag|Guinea}}<br>{{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}<br>{{flag|Iceland}}<br>{{flag|Ivory Coast}}<br>{{flag|Liberia}}<br>{{flag|Mali}}<br>{{flag|Mauritania}}<br>{{flag|Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha}}<br>{{flag|Senegal}}<br>{{flag|Sierra Leone}}<br>{{flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}}<br>{{flag|Togo}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Faroe Islands}}<br>{{flag|Bailiwick of Guernsey|name=Guernsey}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ireland}}<br>{{flag|Isle of Man}}<br>{{flag|Jersey}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Portugal}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Spain}}: [[Canary Islands]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United Kingdom}} |- | [[UTC+01:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Algeria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Angola}}<br>{{flag|Benin}}<br>{{flag|Cameroon}}<br>{{flag|Central African Republic}}<br>{{flag|Chad}}<br>{{flag|Congo}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|DR Congo|name=Democratic Republic of the Congo}}: [[Province of Équateur|Équateur]], [[Kinshasa]], [[Kongo Central]], [[Kwango]], [[Kwilu Province|Kwilu]], [[Mai-Ndombe Province|Mai-Ndombe]], [[Mongala]], [[Nord-Ubangi]], [[Sud-Ubangi]], [[Tshuapa]]}}{{flag|Equatorial Guinea}}<br>{{flag|Gabon}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Morocco}}{{efn|name=ma|Observes UTC+00:00 around [[Ramadan]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-changes-clocks-2019.html |title=Morocco Re-Introduces Clock Changes for Ramadan 2019 |publisher=Timeanddate.com |date=April 19, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228210847/https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-changes-clocks-2019.html |archive-date=December 28, 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/morocco/casablanca |title=Time Zone in Casablanca, Morocco |publisher=Timeanddate.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210330010901/https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/morocco/casablanca |archive-date=March 30, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/western-sahara/el-aaiun |title=Time Zone in El Aaiún, Western Sahara |publisher=Timeanddate.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214122434/https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/western-sahara/el-aaiun |archive-date=February 14, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br>{{flag|Niger}}<br>{{flag|Nigeria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tunisia}}<br>''{{flag|Western Sahara}}''{{efn|name=ma}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:3">{{flag|Albania}}<br>{{flag|Andorra}}<br>{{flag|Austria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Belgium}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}<br>{{flag|Croatia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Czech Republic}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Denmark}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|France}} ([[Metropolitan France|metropolitan]])<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Germany}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Gibraltar}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Hungary}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Italy}}<br>''{{flag|Kosovo}}''<br>{{flag|Liechtenstein}}<br>{{flag|Luxembourg}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Malta}}<br>{{flag|Monaco}}<br>{{flag|Montenegro}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Netherlands}} (European)<br>{{flag|North Macedonia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Norway}}<br>{{flag|Poland}}<br>{{flag|San Marino}}<br>{{flag|Serbia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Slovakia}}<br>{{flag|Slovenia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Spain}} (most)<br>{{flag|Sweden}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Switzerland}}<br>{{flag|Vatican City}}</div> |- | [[UTC+02:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Botswana}}<br>{{flag|Burundi}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|DR Congo|name=Democratic Republic of the Congo}} (most)<br>{{flag|Eswatini}}<br>{{flag|Lesotho}}<br><!--{{flag|Libya}}--><br>{{flag|Malawi}}<br>{{flag|Mozambique}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Namibia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Kaliningrad Oblast|Kaliningrad]]<br>{{flag|Rwanda}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|South Africa}} (most)<br>{{flag|South Sudan}}<br>{{flag|Sudan}}<br>{{flag|Zambia}}<br>{{flag|Zimbabwe}}</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:3">{{flag|Akrotiri and Dhekelia}}<br>{{flag|Bulgaria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Cyprus}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Egypt}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Estonia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Finland}}<br>{{flag|Greece}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Israel}}<br>{{flag|Latvia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Lebanon}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Lithuania}}<br>{{flag|Moldova}}<br>''{{flag|Northern Cyprus}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Palestine}}<br>{{flag|Romania}}<br>''{{flag|Transnistria}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ukraine}} (most)</div> |- | [[UTC+03:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">''{{flag|Abkhazia}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Bahrain}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Belarus}}<br>{{flag|Comoros}}<br>{{flag|Djibouti}}<br>{{flag|Eritrea}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ethiopia}}<br>{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}: [[Scattered Islands]]<ref name=fr>{{cite web |url=https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000034154759 |title=Décret nº 2017-292 du 6 mars 2017 relatif au temps légal français |trans-title=Decree no. 2017-292 of 6 March 2017 relative to French legal time |publisher=Légifrance |date=March 8, 2017 |language=fr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202160854/https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000034154759/ |archive-date=December 2, 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><br>{{flag+link|Time in|Iraq}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Jordan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kenya}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kuwait}}<br>{{flag|Madagascar}}<br>{{flag|Mayotte}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Qatar}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}} (most of [[European Russia|European part]])<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Saudi Arabia}}<br>{{flag|Somalia}}<br>''{{flag|Somaliland}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|South Africa}}: [[Prince Edward Islands]]<br>''{{flag+link|Time in|South Ossetia}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Syria}}<br>{{flag|Tanzania}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Turkey}}<br>{{flag|Uganda}}<br>{{flag|Ukraine}}: [[Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine|occupied territories]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Yemen}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| || |- | [[UTC+03:30]] | style=background:#35C8FF| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Iran}} | style=background:#0080B2| || |- | [[UTC+04:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Armenia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Azerbaijan}}<br>{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}: [[Crozet Islands]]<ref name=fr/><br>{{flag+link|Time in|Georgia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mauritius}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Oman}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Astrakhan Oblast|Astrakhan]], [[Samara Oblast|Samara]], [[Saratov Oblast|Saratov]], [[Udmurtia]], [[Ulyanovsk Oblast|Ulyanovsk]]<br>{{flag|Réunion}}<br>{{flag|Seychelles}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United Arab Emirates}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| || |- | [[UTC+04:30]] | style=background:#A9FF13| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Afghanistan}} | style=background:#419300| || |- | [[UTC+05:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}: [[Kerguelen Islands]], [[Île Saint-Paul|Saint Paul Island]], [[Île Amsterdam|Amsterdam Island]]<br>{{flag|Heard Island and McDonald Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kazakhstan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Maldives}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Pakistan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Bashkortostan]], [[Chelyabinsk Oblast|Chelyabinsk]], [[Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug|Khanty-Mansi]], [[Kurgan Oblast|Kurgan]], [[Orenburg Oblast|Orenburg]], [[Perm Krai|Perm]], [[Sverdlovsk Oblast|Sverdlovsk]], [[Tyumen Oblast|Tyumen]], [[Yamalia]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tajikistan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Turkmenistan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Uzbekistan}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC+05:30]] | style=background:#FF9F25| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|India}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Sri Lanka}}</div> | style=background:#F05F00| || |- | [[UTC+05:45]] | style=background:#FF2F2F| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Nepal}} | style=background:#D0D0D0| || |- | [[UTC+06:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Bangladesh}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Bhutan}}<br>{{flag|British Indian Ocean Territory}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kyrgyzstan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Omsk Oblast|Omsk]]</div> | style=background:#DE006A| || |- | [[UTC+06:30]] | style=background:#CD61FF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Cocos (Keeling) Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Myanmar}}</div> | style=background:#9900E0| || |- | [[UTC+07:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Cambodia}}<br>{{flag|Christmas Island}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Indonesia}}: [[Sumatra]], [[Java]], [[West Kalimantan]], [[Central Kalimantan]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Laos}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Mongolia}}: [[Bayan-Ölgii Province|Bayan-Ölgii]], [[Khovd Province|Khovd]], [[Uvs Province|Uvs]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Altai Krai]], [[Altai Republic]], [[Kemerovo Oblast|Kemerovo]], [[Khakassia]], [[Krasnoyarsk Krai|Krasnoyarsk]], [[Novosibirsk Oblast|Novosibirsk]], [[Tomsk Oblast|Tomsk]], [[Tuva]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Thailand}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Vietnam}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| || |- | [[UTC+08:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Western Australia]] (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Brunei}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|China}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Hong Kong}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Indonesia}}: [[South Kalimantan]], [[East Kalimantan]], [[North Kalimantan]], [[Sulawesi]], [[Lesser Sunda Islands]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Macau}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Malaysia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mongolia}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Philippines}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Buryatia]], [[Irkutsk Oblast|Irkutsk]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Singapore}}<br>''{{flag+link|Time in|Taiwan}}''</div> | style=background:#00BF63| || |- | [[UTC+08:45]] | style=background:#A5FB00| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Eucla, Western Australia|Eucla]] | style=background:#8ED800| || |- | [[UTC+09:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|East Timor}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Indonesia}}: [[Maluku Islands]], [[Western New Guinea]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Japan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|North Korea}}<br>{{flag|Palau}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Amur Oblast|Amur]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha]] (most), [[Zabaykalsky Krai|Zabaykalsky]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|South Korea}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC+09:30]] | style=background:#FF9F25| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Northern Territory]] | style=background:#F05F00| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[South Australia]], [[Yancowinna County]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Standard Time Act 1987 No 149 |url=https://legislation.nsw.gov.au/view/whole/html/inforce/current/act-1987-149 |publisher=New South Wales Government |access-date=February 29, 2024}}</ref> |- | [[UTC+10:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Queensland]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Guam}}<br>{{flag|Micronesia}}: [[Chuuk State|Chuuk]], [[Yap State|Yap]]<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Northern Mariana Islands}}}}{{no col break|{{flag|Papua New Guinea}} (most)}}{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Jewish Autonomous Oblast|Jewish]], [[Khabarovsk Krai|Khabarovsk]], [[Primorsky Krai|Primorsky]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha]] (central-east)</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Australian Capital Territory]], [[Jervis Bay Territory]], [[New South Wales]] (most), [[Tasmania]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] |- | [[UTC+10:30]] | style=background:#CD61FF| || | style=background:#9900E0| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Lord Howe Island]] (DST increase is 30 minutes) |- | [[UTC+11:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Micronesia}}: [[Kosrae]], [[Pohnpei State|Pohnpei]]<br>{{flag|New Caledonia}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag|Papua New Guinea}}: [[Autonomous Region of Bougainville|Bougainville]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Magadan Oblast|Magadan]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha]] (east), [[Sakhalin Oblast|Sakhalin]]<br>{{flag|Solomon Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Vanuatu}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Norfolk Island}} |- | [[UTC+12:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Fiji}}<br>{{flag|Kiribati}}: [[Gilbert Islands]]<br>{{flag|Marshall Islands}}<br>{{flag|Nauru}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Chukotka Autonomous Okrug|Chukotka]], [[Kamchatka Krai|Kamchatka]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Tuvalu}}<br>{{flag|Wake Island}}<br>{{flag|Wallis and Futuna}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||{{flag+link|Time in|New Zealand}} (most) |- | [[UTC+12:45]] | style=background:#A5FB00| || | style=background:#8ED800| ||{{flag+link|Time in|New Zealand}}: [[Chatham Islands]] |- | [[UTC+13:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Kiribati}}: [[Phoenix Islands]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Samoa}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tokelau}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tonga}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC+14:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||{{flag|Kiribati}}: [[Line Islands]] | style=background:#DE006A| || |} ==ပိုၼ်း== ===Early timekeeping=== မိူဝ်ႈပႆႇၶူင်သၢင်ႈလႆႈ [[ယၢမ်းမူင်း]]ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵူၼ်းၶဝ်ၼႆႉ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼိုင်ႈဝၼ်းၼိုင်ႈဝၼ်းၼႆႉ လႆႈဢိင်ၼိူဝ်သဵၼ်ႈတၢင်းဢၼ်လႅတ်ႇၵႂႃႇသေ တႅပ်းတတ်းယဝ်ႉ။ တူဝ်ယၢင်ႇမၼ်း မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ယၢမ်းမူင်းလႅတ်ႇၼၼ်ႉသေ ၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ဢိင်ၼိူဝ်ဢွင်ႈတီႈမၼ်းသေ မီးလွင်ႈပႅၵ်ႇပိူင်ႈၵၼ်ဝႆႉယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ ထိုင် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ၁၉ ၽိူဝ်ႇ ယၢမ်းမူင်းဢၼ်ၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈ ဢွၵ်ႇမႃးၸိုင်{{citation needed}} ၵူႈဝဵင်းဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈ [[:en:Mean solar time|mean solar time]] မႃးယဝ်ႉ။ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းလႅတ်ႇ ဢၼ်မီးတႄႉတႄႉမၼ်းၼႆႉ တင်း mean solar time သေ ပိူင်ႈၵၼ် မွၵ်ႈ ၁၅ မိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ (ၼႄဝႆႉတီႈ ([[:en:Equation of time|လွင်ႈၽဵင်ႇမိူၼ် ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] ၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။) လွင်ႈလႆႈပိူင်ႈၵၼ်ၸိူင်ႉၼၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈဝႃႈ ၵမ်ႇၽႃႇၼႆႉ မၼ်းပၼ်ႁွပ်ႈလႅတ်ႈ ၼင်ႇမူၼ်းၶႆႇပဵတ်းလၢဝ်ႈလၢဝ်ႈ ([[:en:Orbital eccentricity|Eccentricity]]) လႄႈ ယွၼ်ႉ မၼ်းပၼ်ႇၵိူင်း တီႈၼိူဝ်ၵၢၼ်း ([[:en:Axial tilt|Obliquity]]) မၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၼ်း ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်မီးတီႈၼိူဝ် Mean solar time ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဝႃႈပဵၼ် ၶၢဝ်းၵၢင်ဝၼ်းၼႆ မီးၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းဢၼ်မိူၼ်ၵၼ်သေ လွင်ႈပိူင်ႈၵၼ် သွင်ဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဝႆႉ သုတ်းပီၵႂႃႇၼႆ ၶိုၼ်းၽႅဝ်ၵႂႃႇတီႈ သၢႆငၢႆ သုၼ် ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပဵၼ် [[လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ (Greenwich Mean Time)]] (GMT) ၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ [[:en:Royal Observatory, Greenwich|ဢွင်ႈလႅပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းၾႃႉလၢဝ် ၸၢဝ်းၸဝ်ႈ (ၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ)]] သေ လႆႈၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈမႃး မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1675 ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈယိူင်းဢၢၼ်းတႄႉ ပဵၼ်တွၼ်ႈတႃႇပၼ်လႆႈ တၢင်းၸွႆႈထႅမ်ႈ တႃႇ ႁိူင်းသၢင်ႈၽေႃး ဢၼ်မီးတီႈၼႂ်း ပၢင်ႇလၢႆႇ ႁႂ်ႈမၵ်းမၼ်ႈလႆႈ [[:en:Longitude|လွင်ႇၵျီႇၵျူႉ]] ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၽွင်းမိူဝ်ႈဝဵင်းတီႈၼႂ်း ဢိင်ႇၵလၢၼ်ႇ ၵူႈတီႈတီႈ ဢၼ်မီးၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈ ဢမ်ႇမိူၼ်ၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ သၢႆဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းပၼ်မႃးလႆႈ လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းတႃႇဢိင်ဢၢင်ႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ===Railway time=== [[File:Time zone chicago.jpg|right|thumb|Plaque commemorating the Railway General Time Convention of 1883 in North America]] ၽိူဝ်ႇ လွင်ႈၵၢၼ်တေႃႉသူင်ႇရူတ်ႉလဵၼ်း လႄႈ လွင်ႈၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇသၢႆလူမ်း ႁုၼ်ႈမုၼ်းၶိုၼ်ႈယႂ်ႇမႃး ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈ (Local solar time) ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မီးလွင်ႈဢမ်ႇၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈမႃးယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈတၢင်းမၼ်းတႄႉ ဢိင်ၼိူဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ်သေၵေႃႈ လွင်ႇၵျီႇၵျူႉ ဢၼ်ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈလႅင်ႈလိၼ်သေ ၼႂ်းၵႄႈဢွင်ႈတီႈပိုၼ်ႉတီႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယၢမ်းမူင်းၼႆႉ လႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈဝႆႉယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ တီႈ လွင်ႇၵျီႇၵျူႉတီႇၵရီႇၼိုင်ႈဢၼ်ၼႆႉ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းလႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈ သီႇမိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ တူဝ်ယၢင်ႇမၼ်း [[:en:Bristol|ပရိတ်ႉသ်တူဝ်ႇ]]ၼႆႉ မီးဝႆႉ ၽၢႆႇတူၵ်း ၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ (ပွတ်းဢွၵ်ႇ [[ဝဵင်းလၼ်ႇတၼ်ႇ]]) မွၵ်ႈ ၂.၅ တီႇၵရီႇၼၼ်ႉလႄႈ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းတဵင်ႈဝၼ်း တီႈ ဝဵင်းပရိတ်ႉသ်တူဝ်ႇ (Solar noon) ၼႆႉ မၼ်းပေႃးပူၼ်ႉၵႂႃႇ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းတဵင်ႈဝၼ်းတီႈလၼ်ႇတၼ်ႇ တႃႇ ၁၀ မိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉပၢႆယဝ်ႉ။ <ref>Latitude and Longitude of World Cities http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0001769.html</ref> လွင်ႈၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼႆ့ ယိုင်ႈႁိုင်ႈယိုင်ႈပိူင်ႈၵၼ်မႃးၼမ်ယဝ်ႉ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈ ပီ 1847 တီႇသႅမ်ႇပႃႇ 1 ဝၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ [[:en:History of rail transport in Great Britain|ၶမ်ႇပၼီႇရူတ်ႉလဵၼ်း]] ဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ၵရဵတ်ႉပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇ ဢဝ် GMT သႂ်ႇတီႈၼႂ်ႈ [[ယၢမ်းမူင်းၶရူဝ်ႇမီႇတႃႇ|ၶရူဝ်ႇၼူဝ်ႇမီႇတႃႇ]] ဢၼ်တေႃႉဢဝ်ၵႂႃႇငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉသေၵေႃႈ မၵ်းမၼ်ႈမႃးယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်းၵႃႈၶမ်ႇပၼီႇ ႁူင်းၵၢၼ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၶမ်ႇပၼီႇဢၼ်မၵ်းမၼ်ႈဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် [[:en:Great Western Railway|Great Western Railway]] (GWR) သေ ပဵၼ် မိူဝ်ႈ 1840 ၼူဝ်ႇဝႅမ်ႇပႃႇၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇပေႃးႁိုင်ပေႃးၼၢၼ်း ၵူၼ်းႁူႉၼမ်မႃးဝႃႈ [[:en:Railway time|Railway Time]] ဝႃႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မွၵ်ႈ 1852 ဢေႃးၵၢတ်ႉ 23 ၼၼ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ဢွင်ႈတူၺ်းလၢဝ်ၾႃႉ ၸၢဝ်းၸဝ်ႈ (ၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ) လႆႈပိုၼ်ပွႆႇပၼ် သၢႆၶၢဝ်းယမၢ်း (time signals) [[သၢႆလူမ်း]]ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းမူင်း ၵူၼ်းမိူင်းဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ၵရဵတ်ႉပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇ မွၵ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ ၉၈% ၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈပႆႇထိုင် 1855 ၼႆႉ တိုၵ်ႉဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ GMT မႃးယဝ်ႉ။ တေႃႇပႆႇထိုင် 1880 ဢေႃးၵၢတ်ႉ 2 ဝၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းပႆႇလႆႈမၵ်းမၼ်ႈ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပဵၼ်တၢင်းၵၢၼ် ႁင်းပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇ။ ၶၢဝ်းယမၢ်းၼၼ်ႉ တီႈယၢမ်းမူင်းပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇၼၼ်ႉ မီး မိုဝ်းမိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉသွင်ဢၼ်သေ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်တွၼ်ႈတႃႇ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် တႃႇ GMT ယဝ်ႉ။<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/info/bristol-time.htm|title=Bristol Time|publisher=Wwp.greenwichmeantime.com|date=|accessdate=2011-12-05|archivedate=2006-06-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060628151049/http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/info/bristol-time.htm}}</ref> ၽွင်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်ႉၵမ်ႉၽႃႇၼႆႉ ၽၢႆႇလွင်ႈၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇတိတ်းတေႃႇ ၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈမႃးၸိုင် တီႈဢၼ်ၶဵင်ႇၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇတိတ်းတေႃႇၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ လူဝ်ႇ လွင်ႈမၵ်းမၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်ပွင်ၸႂ်ငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ===ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ပတ်ႉပိုၼ်ႉၵမ်ႇၽႃႇ=== ==ၶေႃႈပိုတ်ႇတီႈပွင်ႇ== ==Notation of time== ===SO 8601=== ===UTC=== ====UTC offset==== ===တူဝ်ယေႃႈမၼ်း=== ==UTC offsets ပတ်ႉပိုၼ်ႉၵမ်ႇၽႃႇ== ==သဵၼ်ႈမၢႆ UTC offsets== ==Time zone conversions== ==ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်ထိင်းဝႆႉပၼ် လႅင်းသၢႆလႅတ်ႇ== ==ပိူင်ၶွမ်ပိဝ်ႇတႃႇလႄႈ ပိူင်ဢိၼ်ႇထႃႇၼႅတ်ႇ== ===Operating systems=== ====Unix==== ====မၢႆႉၶရူဝ်ႇသွပ်ႉၾ် ဝိၼ်းတူဝ်း==== ===ၽႃႇသႃႇၵႂၢမ်း ၽရူဝ်ႇၶႅမ်းမိင်း=== ====Java==== ====JavaScript==== ====Perl==== ====PHP==== ====Python==== ==တႃႇသိုပ်ႇတူၺ်းထႅင်ႈ== [[File:Coventry_Time_Zone_Clock.jpg|right|thumb|220x220px|The control panel of the Time Zone Clock in front of Coventry Transport Museum.]] * [[:en:Daylight_saving_time|Daylight saving time]] * [[:en:ISO_8601|ISO 8601]] * [[:en:Jet_lag|Jet lag]] * [[:en:List_of_time_zone_abbreviations|List of time zone abbreviations]] * [[:en:List_of_time_zones_by_country|List of time zones by country]] * [[:en:Lists_of_time_zones|Lists of time zones]] * [[:en:Metric_time|Metric time]] * [[:en:Category:Time_by_country|Time by country]] * [[:en:World_clock|World clock]] ==ၶေႃႈမၢႆတွင်း== {{Notelist}} ==ၽိုၼ်ဢိင်== {{Reflist|2}} ==ႁဵၼ်းၵွင်ႉၽၢႆႇၼွၵ်ႈ== {{Wikivoyage|Time zones|ၸူၼ်ႇၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း}} * {{Commons category-inline|Time zones|ၸူၼ်ႇၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း}} * [http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-t/opb/sp/T-SP-LT.1-2015-PDF-E.pdf LEGAL TIME 2015] [[Category:ၸူၼ်ႇၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] 92ff1qpc1rue3zpxw35kdvllcoj3we2 112192 112191 2025-06-13T09:23:34Z Saimawnkham 5 ဢမ်ႇဢွၵ်ႇယၢၼ် လွင်ႈပိၼ်ႇၽၢႆႇသေ Saimawnkham ၶၢႆႉဝႆႉ ၼႃႈလိၵ်ႈ [[ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] တေႃႇ [[ၸူၼ်ႇၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]]: ဢၢပ်ႉတဵတ်ႉၸိုဝ်ႈ 112191 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း''' ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ၼႃႈလိၵ် ဢၼ်မၵ်းမၼ်ႈဝႆႉ [[:en:Standard_time|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] ပဵၼ်တၢင်းၵၢၼ် တွၼ်ႈတႃႇႁႂ်ႈမၼ်းပေႃးမႅၼ်ႈၽဵင်ႇၵၼ် တီႈ လွင်ႈသိုဝ်ႉၶၢႆပၢႆးမၢၵ်ႈမီး၊ လွင်ႈတၢင်းတူင်ႇဝူင်းၵူၼ်းၵူႈသမ်ႇသမ်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼႆႉ ၵႆႉၸႅၵ်ႇသေမၵ်းမၼ်ႈ ၸွမ်းၼၼ်ႇ သၢႆၶႅၼ်ႈလိၼ်မိူင်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉမၵ်းမၼ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸိူင်ႉၼၼ်သေ တီႈၼႂ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ၸိူဝ်းပဵၼ် ၵၢၼ်ၵႃႉၵၢၼ်ၶၢႆလႄႈသင်၊ ၵၢၼ်ၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇလႄႈသင် တေၸၢင်ႈႁဵတ်းႁႂ်ႈမၼ်းၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈ ၼႂ်းၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်လဵဝ်ၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း မိူင်းၸိူဝ်းမီးၼႂ်းၵမ်ႇၽႃႇၼႆႉ ၵမ်ႉၼမ်တႄႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ယၢမ်းမူင်းတဵမ် (UTC−12 to UTC+14) ၼင်ႇၵႃႈတီႈ [[Coordinated Universal Time]] (UTC)သေ မိူင်းၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈတႄႉ ၸႂ်ႉဝႆႉ 30 လႄႈ 45 မိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ (တူဝ်ယၢင်ႇမၼ်း [[:en:Newfoundland_Time_Zone|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ၼဵဝ်းၽွင်းလႅၼ်း]] - UTC−03:30၊ [[:en:Nepal_Time|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ၼီႇပေႃး]] - UTC+05:45၊ [[လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းမျၢၼ်ႇမႃႇ]] - UTC +06:30၊  [[:en:Indian_Standard_Time|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး]] - UTC+05:30) မိူင်းဢၼ် လတ်ႉတိၵျူႉသုင်ၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ [[:en:Daylight_saving_time|ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၶၢဝ်းမႆႈ]] ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ပေႃးထိုင်ၶၢဝ်းမႆႈၸိုင် သုတ်ႉၽၢႆႇၼႃႈ ၼိုင်ႈၸူဝ်ႈမူင်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ == List of UTC offsets == {{Main|List of UTC time offsets}} <!-- Please do not use time zone maps that have fixed file names with fixed dates. They are never updated and are only used for historical reference. --> [[File:World time zones.svg|800px|thumb|center|Time zones of the world]] In the table below, the locations that use daylight saving time (DST) are listed in their UTC offset when DST is ''not'' in effect. When DST is in effect, approximately during spring and summer, their UTC offset is increased by one hour (except for [[Lord Howe Island]], where it is increased by 30 minutes). For example, during the DST period [[California]] observes [[UTC−07:00]] and the [[United Kingdom]] observes [[UTC+01:00]]. {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; line-height:1.2" |- ! UTC offset ! colspan=2|Locations that do not use DST ! colspan=2|Locations that use DST |- | [[UTC−12:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||style=width:40%|<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|ၵုၼ်ပႄးၵႃႇ}}<br>{{flag|Howland Island}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||style=width:60%| |- | [[UTC−11:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|American Samoa}}<br>{{flag|Jarvis Island}}<br>{{flag|Kingman Reef}}<br>{{flag|Midway Atoll}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Niue}}<br>{{flag|Palmyra Atoll}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC−10:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Cook Islands}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag|French Polynesia}} (most)}}{{flag|Johnston Atoll}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Hawaii|Hawaii]]</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Andreanof Islands]], [[Islands of Four Mountains]], [[Near Islands]], [[Rat Islands]] ([[Aleutian Islands]], [[Alaska]]) |- | [[UTC−09:30]] | style=background:#CD61FF| ||{{flag|ပေႃႇလီႇၼေးသျႃး ၶွင် ၾရၢင်ႇသဵတ်ႈ}}: [[Marquesas Islands]] | style=background:#9900E0| || |- | [[UTC−09:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||{{flag|French Polynesia}}: [[Gambier Islands]] | style=background:#0400CD| ||{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Alaska|Alaska]] (most) |- | [[UTC−08:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||{{flag|Clipperton Island}}<br>{{flag|Pitcairn Islands}} | style=background:#00BF63| ||<div style="column-width:20em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[British Columbia]] (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Baja California]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in California|California]], [[Time in Idaho|Idaho]] (north), [[Time in Nevada|Nevada]] (most), [[Time in Oregon|Oregon]] (most), [[Washington (state)|Washington]]</div> |- | [[UTC−07:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[British Columbia]] (northeast), [[Yukon]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Baja California Sur]], [[Nayarit]] (most), [[Sinaloa]], [[Sonora]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Arizona|Arizona]] (most) | style=background:#D3D800| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Alberta]], [[British Columbia]] (southeast), [[Northwest Territories]], [[Time in Nunavut|Nunavut]] (west), [[Time in Saskatchewan|Saskatchewan]] ([[Lloydminster]] area)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]] (northwest border)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Arizona|Arizona]] ([[Navajo Nation]]), [[Colorado]], [[Time in Idaho|Idaho]] (most), [[Time in Kansas|Kansas]] (west), [[Montana]], [[Time in Nebraska|Nebraska]] (west), [[New Mexico]], [[Time in Nevada|Nevada]] (northeast border), [[Time in North Dakota|North Dakota]] (southwest), [[Time in Oregon|Oregon]] (east), [[Time in South Dakota|South Dakota]] (west), [[Time in Texas|Texas]] (west), [[Utah]], [[Wyoming]] |- | [[UTC−06:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Belize}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Time in Saskatchewan|Saskatchewan]] (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Costa Rica}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Ecuador}}: [[Galápagos Province|Galápagos]]}}{{flag|El Salvador}}<br>{{flag|Guatemala}}<br>{{flag|Honduras}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}} (most)<br>{{flag|Nicaragua}}</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||<div style="column-width:20em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Manitoba]], [[Time in Nunavut|Nunavut]] (central), [[Ontario]] (west)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Chile}}: [[Easter Island]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}} (northeast border)<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Alabama|Alabama]], [[Arkansas]], [[Time in Florida|Florida]] (northwest), [[Illinois]], [[Time in Indiana|Indiana]] (northwest, southwest), [[Iowa]], [[Time in Kansas|Kansas]] (most), [[Time in Kentucky|Kentucky]] (west), [[Louisiana]], [[Time in Michigan|Michigan]] (northwest border), [[Minnesota]], [[Mississippi]], [[Missouri]], [[Time in Nebraska|Nebraska]] (most), [[Time in North Dakota|North Dakota]] (most), [[Oklahoma]], [[Time in South Dakota|South Dakota]] (most), [[Time in Tennessee|Tennessee]] (most), [[Time in Texas|Texas]] (most), [[Wisconsin]]}}</div> |- | [[UTC−05:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}}: [[Acre (state)|Acre]], [[Amazonas (Brazilian state)|Amazonas]] (southwest)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Atikokan]], [[Mishkeegogamang First Nation|Mishkeegogamang]], [[Southampton Island]]<br>{{flag|Cayman Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Colombia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ecuador}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Jamaica}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Quintana Roo]]<br>{{flag|Navassa Island}}<br>{{flag|Panama}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Peru}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| ||<div style="column-width:20em;column-count:2">{{flag|Bahamas}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Time in Nunavut|Nunavut]] (east), [[Ontario]] (most), [[Quebec]] (most)<br>{{flag|Cuba}}<br>{{flag|Haiti}}<br>{{flag|Turks and Caicos Islands}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Connecticut|Connecticut]], [[Delaware]], [[Time in Washington, D.C.|District of Columbia]], [[Time in Florida|Florida]] (most), [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], [[Time in Indiana|Indiana]] (most), [[Time in Kentucky|Kentucky]] (east), [[Time in Maine|Maine]], [[Maryland]], [[Time in Massachusetts|Massachusetts]], [[Time in Michigan|Michigan]] (most), [[Time in New Hampshire|New Hampshire]], [[New Jersey]], [[Time in New York|New York]], [[North Carolina]], [[Ohio]], [[Pennsylvania]], [[Time in Rhode Island|Rhode Island]], [[South Carolina]], [[Time in Tennessee|Tennessee]] (east), [[Time in Vermont|Vermont]], [[Virginia]], [[West Virginia]]}}</div> |- | [[UTC−04:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Anguilla}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Antigua and Barbuda}}<br>{{flag|Aruba}}<br>{{flag|Barbados}}<br>{{flag|Bolivia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}}: [[Amazonas (Brazilian state)|Amazonas]] (most), [[Mato Grosso]], [[Mato Grosso do Sul]], [[Rondônia]], [[Roraima]]<br>{{flag|British Virgin Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Quebec]] (east)<br>{{flag|Caribbean Netherlands}}<br>{{flag|Curaçao}}<br>{{flag|Dominica}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag|Dominican Republic}}}}{{flag|Grenada}}<br>{{flag|Guadeloupe}}<br>{{flag|Guyana}}<br>{{flag|Martinique}}<br>{{flag|Montserrat}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Puerto Rico}}<br>{{flag|Saint Barthélemy}}<br>{{flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}<br>{{flag|Saint Lucia}}<br>{{flag|Saint Martin}}<br>{{flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}<br>{{flag|Sint Maarten}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Trinidad and Tobago}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States Virgin Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Venezuela}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||{{flag|Bermuda}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Labrador]] (most), [[New Brunswick]], [[Nova Scotia]], [[Prince Edward Island]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Chile}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Greenland}}: [[Pituffik Space Base]] |- | [[UTC−03:30]] | style=background:#A9FF13| || | style=background:#419300| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]], [[Labrador]] (southeast) |- | [[UTC−03:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Argentina}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Chile}}: [[Magallanes Region]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Falkland Islands}}<br>{{flag|French Guiana}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Paraguay}}<br>{{flag|Suriname}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Uruguay}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| ||{{flag|Saint Pierre and Miquelon}} |- | [[UTC−02:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}}: [[Fernando de Noronha]]<br>{{flag|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands}} | style=background:#DE006A| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Greenland}} (most) |- | [[UTC−01:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Cape Verde}} | style=background:#0400CD| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Portugal}}: [[Azores]] |- | [[UTC+00:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Burkina Faso}}<br>{{flag|Gambia}}<br>{{flag|Ghana}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Greenland}}: [[Northeast Greenland National Park|National Park]] (east coast)<br>{{flag|Guinea}}<br>{{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}<br>{{flag|Iceland}}<br>{{flag|Ivory Coast}}<br>{{flag|Liberia}}<br>{{flag|Mali}}<br>{{flag|Mauritania}}<br>{{flag|Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha}}<br>{{flag|Senegal}}<br>{{flag|Sierra Leone}}<br>{{flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}}<br>{{flag|Togo}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Faroe Islands}}<br>{{flag|Bailiwick of Guernsey|name=Guernsey}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ireland}}<br>{{flag|Isle of Man}}<br>{{flag|Jersey}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Portugal}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Spain}}: [[Canary Islands]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United Kingdom}} |- | [[UTC+01:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Algeria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Angola}}<br>{{flag|Benin}}<br>{{flag|Cameroon}}<br>{{flag|Central African Republic}}<br>{{flag|Chad}}<br>{{flag|Congo}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|DR Congo|name=Democratic Republic of the Congo}}: [[Province of Équateur|Équateur]], [[Kinshasa]], [[Kongo Central]], [[Kwango]], [[Kwilu Province|Kwilu]], [[Mai-Ndombe Province|Mai-Ndombe]], [[Mongala]], [[Nord-Ubangi]], [[Sud-Ubangi]], [[Tshuapa]]}}{{flag|Equatorial Guinea}}<br>{{flag|Gabon}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Morocco}}{{efn|name=ma|Observes UTC+00:00 around [[Ramadan]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-changes-clocks-2019.html |title=Morocco Re-Introduces Clock Changes for Ramadan 2019 |publisher=Timeanddate.com |date=April 19, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228210847/https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-changes-clocks-2019.html |archive-date=December 28, 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/morocco/casablanca |title=Time Zone in Casablanca, Morocco |publisher=Timeanddate.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210330010901/https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/morocco/casablanca |archive-date=March 30, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/western-sahara/el-aaiun |title=Time Zone in El Aaiún, Western Sahara |publisher=Timeanddate.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214122434/https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/western-sahara/el-aaiun |archive-date=February 14, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br>{{flag|Niger}}<br>{{flag|Nigeria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tunisia}}<br>''{{flag|Western Sahara}}''{{efn|name=ma}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:3">{{flag|Albania}}<br>{{flag|Andorra}}<br>{{flag|Austria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Belgium}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}<br>{{flag|Croatia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Czech Republic}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Denmark}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|France}} ([[Metropolitan France|metropolitan]])<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Germany}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Gibraltar}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Hungary}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Italy}}<br>''{{flag|Kosovo}}''<br>{{flag|Liechtenstein}}<br>{{flag|Luxembourg}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Malta}}<br>{{flag|Monaco}}<br>{{flag|Montenegro}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Netherlands}} (European)<br>{{flag|North Macedonia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Norway}}<br>{{flag|Poland}}<br>{{flag|San Marino}}<br>{{flag|Serbia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Slovakia}}<br>{{flag|Slovenia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Spain}} (most)<br>{{flag|Sweden}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Switzerland}}<br>{{flag|Vatican City}}</div> |- | [[UTC+02:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Botswana}}<br>{{flag|Burundi}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|DR Congo|name=Democratic Republic of the Congo}} (most)<br>{{flag|Eswatini}}<br>{{flag|Lesotho}}<br><!--{{flag|Libya}}--><br>{{flag|Malawi}}<br>{{flag|Mozambique}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Namibia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Kaliningrad Oblast|Kaliningrad]]<br>{{flag|Rwanda}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|South Africa}} (most)<br>{{flag|South Sudan}}<br>{{flag|Sudan}}<br>{{flag|Zambia}}<br>{{flag|Zimbabwe}}</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:3">{{flag|Akrotiri and Dhekelia}}<br>{{flag|Bulgaria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Cyprus}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Egypt}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Estonia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Finland}}<br>{{flag|Greece}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Israel}}<br>{{flag|Latvia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Lebanon}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Lithuania}}<br>{{flag|Moldova}}<br>''{{flag|Northern Cyprus}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Palestine}}<br>{{flag|Romania}}<br>''{{flag|Transnistria}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ukraine}} (most)</div> |- | [[UTC+03:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">''{{flag|Abkhazia}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Bahrain}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Belarus}}<br>{{flag|Comoros}}<br>{{flag|Djibouti}}<br>{{flag|Eritrea}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ethiopia}}<br>{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}: [[Scattered Islands]]<ref name=fr>{{cite web |url=https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000034154759 |title=Décret nº 2017-292 du 6 mars 2017 relatif au temps légal français |trans-title=Decree no. 2017-292 of 6 March 2017 relative to French legal time |publisher=Légifrance |date=March 8, 2017 |language=fr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202160854/https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000034154759/ |archive-date=December 2, 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><br>{{flag+link|Time in|Iraq}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Jordan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kenya}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kuwait}}<br>{{flag|Madagascar}}<br>{{flag|Mayotte}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Qatar}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}} (most of [[European Russia|European part]])<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Saudi Arabia}}<br>{{flag|Somalia}}<br>''{{flag|Somaliland}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|South Africa}}: [[Prince Edward Islands]]<br>''{{flag+link|Time in|South Ossetia}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Syria}}<br>{{flag|Tanzania}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Turkey}}<br>{{flag|Uganda}}<br>{{flag|Ukraine}}: [[Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine|occupied territories]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Yemen}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| || |- | [[UTC+03:30]] | style=background:#35C8FF| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Iran}} | style=background:#0080B2| || |- | [[UTC+04:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Armenia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Azerbaijan}}<br>{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}: [[Crozet Islands]]<ref name=fr/><br>{{flag+link|Time in|Georgia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mauritius}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Oman}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Astrakhan Oblast|Astrakhan]], [[Samara Oblast|Samara]], [[Saratov Oblast|Saratov]], [[Udmurtia]], [[Ulyanovsk Oblast|Ulyanovsk]]<br>{{flag|Réunion}}<br>{{flag|Seychelles}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United Arab Emirates}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| || |- | [[UTC+04:30]] | style=background:#A9FF13| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Afghanistan}} | style=background:#419300| || |- | [[UTC+05:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}: [[Kerguelen Islands]], [[Île Saint-Paul|Saint Paul Island]], [[Île Amsterdam|Amsterdam Island]]<br>{{flag|Heard Island and McDonald Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kazakhstan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Maldives}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Pakistan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Bashkortostan]], [[Chelyabinsk Oblast|Chelyabinsk]], [[Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug|Khanty-Mansi]], [[Kurgan Oblast|Kurgan]], [[Orenburg Oblast|Orenburg]], [[Perm Krai|Perm]], [[Sverdlovsk Oblast|Sverdlovsk]], [[Tyumen Oblast|Tyumen]], [[Yamalia]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tajikistan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Turkmenistan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Uzbekistan}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC+05:30]] | style=background:#FF9F25| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|India}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Sri Lanka}}</div> | style=background:#F05F00| || |- | [[UTC+05:45]] | style=background:#FF2F2F| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Nepal}} | style=background:#D0D0D0| || |- | [[UTC+06:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Bangladesh}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Bhutan}}<br>{{flag|British Indian Ocean Territory}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kyrgyzstan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Omsk Oblast|Omsk]]</div> | style=background:#DE006A| || |- | [[UTC+06:30]] | style=background:#CD61FF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Cocos (Keeling) Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Myanmar}}</div> | style=background:#9900E0| || |- | [[UTC+07:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Cambodia}}<br>{{flag|Christmas Island}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Indonesia}}: [[Sumatra]], [[Java]], [[West Kalimantan]], [[Central Kalimantan]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Laos}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Mongolia}}: [[Bayan-Ölgii Province|Bayan-Ölgii]], [[Khovd Province|Khovd]], [[Uvs Province|Uvs]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Altai Krai]], [[Altai Republic]], [[Kemerovo Oblast|Kemerovo]], [[Khakassia]], [[Krasnoyarsk Krai|Krasnoyarsk]], [[Novosibirsk Oblast|Novosibirsk]], [[Tomsk Oblast|Tomsk]], [[Tuva]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Thailand}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Vietnam}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| || |- | [[UTC+08:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Western Australia]] (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Brunei}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|China}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Hong Kong}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Indonesia}}: [[South Kalimantan]], [[East Kalimantan]], [[North Kalimantan]], [[Sulawesi]], [[Lesser Sunda Islands]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Macau}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Malaysia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mongolia}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Philippines}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Buryatia]], [[Irkutsk Oblast|Irkutsk]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Singapore}}<br>''{{flag+link|Time in|Taiwan}}''</div> | style=background:#00BF63| || |- | [[UTC+08:45]] | style=background:#A5FB00| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Eucla, Western Australia|Eucla]] | style=background:#8ED800| || |- | [[UTC+09:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|East Timor}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Indonesia}}: [[Maluku Islands]], [[Western New Guinea]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Japan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|North Korea}}<br>{{flag|Palau}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Amur Oblast|Amur]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha]] (most), [[Zabaykalsky Krai|Zabaykalsky]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|South Korea}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC+09:30]] | style=background:#FF9F25| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Northern Territory]] | style=background:#F05F00| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[South Australia]], [[Yancowinna County]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Standard Time Act 1987 No 149 |url=https://legislation.nsw.gov.au/view/whole/html/inforce/current/act-1987-149 |publisher=New South Wales Government |access-date=February 29, 2024}}</ref> |- | [[UTC+10:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Queensland]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Guam}}<br>{{flag|Micronesia}}: [[Chuuk State|Chuuk]], [[Yap State|Yap]]<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Northern Mariana Islands}}}}{{no col break|{{flag|Papua New Guinea}} (most)}}{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Jewish Autonomous Oblast|Jewish]], [[Khabarovsk Krai|Khabarovsk]], [[Primorsky Krai|Primorsky]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha]] (central-east)</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Australian Capital Territory]], [[Jervis Bay Territory]], [[New South Wales]] (most), [[Tasmania]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] |- | [[UTC+10:30]] | style=background:#CD61FF| || | style=background:#9900E0| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Lord Howe Island]] (DST increase is 30 minutes) |- | [[UTC+11:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Micronesia}}: [[Kosrae]], [[Pohnpei State|Pohnpei]]<br>{{flag|New Caledonia}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag|Papua New Guinea}}: [[Autonomous Region of Bougainville|Bougainville]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Magadan Oblast|Magadan]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha]] (east), [[Sakhalin Oblast|Sakhalin]]<br>{{flag|Solomon Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Vanuatu}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Norfolk Island}} |- | [[UTC+12:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Fiji}}<br>{{flag|Kiribati}}: [[Gilbert Islands]]<br>{{flag|Marshall Islands}}<br>{{flag|Nauru}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Chukotka Autonomous Okrug|Chukotka]], [[Kamchatka Krai|Kamchatka]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Tuvalu}}<br>{{flag|Wake Island}}<br>{{flag|Wallis and Futuna}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||{{flag+link|Time in|New Zealand}} (most) |- | [[UTC+12:45]] | style=background:#A5FB00| || | style=background:#8ED800| ||{{flag+link|Time in|New Zealand}}: [[Chatham Islands]] |- | [[UTC+13:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Kiribati}}: [[Phoenix Islands]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Samoa}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tokelau}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tonga}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC+14:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||{{flag|Kiribati}}: [[Line Islands]] | style=background:#DE006A| || |} ==ပိုၼ်း== ===Early timekeeping=== မိူဝ်ႈပႆႇၶူင်သၢင်ႈလႆႈ [[ယၢမ်းမူင်း]]ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵူၼ်းၶဝ်ၼႆႉ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼိုင်ႈဝၼ်းၼိုင်ႈဝၼ်းၼႆႉ လႆႈဢိင်ၼိူဝ်သဵၼ်ႈတၢင်းဢၼ်လႅတ်ႇၵႂႃႇသေ တႅပ်းတတ်းယဝ်ႉ။ တူဝ်ယၢင်ႇမၼ်း မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ယၢမ်းမူင်းလႅတ်ႇၼၼ်ႉသေ ၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ဢိင်ၼိူဝ်ဢွင်ႈတီႈမၼ်းသေ မီးလွင်ႈပႅၵ်ႇပိူင်ႈၵၼ်ဝႆႉယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ ထိုင် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ၁၉ ၽိူဝ်ႇ ယၢမ်းမူင်းဢၼ်ၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈ ဢွၵ်ႇမႃးၸိုင်{{citation needed}} ၵူႈဝဵင်းဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈ [[:en:Mean solar time|mean solar time]] မႃးယဝ်ႉ။ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းလႅတ်ႇ ဢၼ်မီးတႄႉတႄႉမၼ်းၼႆႉ တင်း mean solar time သေ ပိူင်ႈၵၼ် မွၵ်ႈ ၁၅ မိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ (ၼႄဝႆႉတီႈ ([[:en:Equation of time|လွင်ႈၽဵင်ႇမိူၼ် ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] ၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။) လွင်ႈလႆႈပိူင်ႈၵၼ်ၸိူင်ႉၼၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈဝႃႈ ၵမ်ႇၽႃႇၼႆႉ မၼ်းပၼ်ႁွပ်ႈလႅတ်ႈ ၼင်ႇမူၼ်းၶႆႇပဵတ်းလၢဝ်ႈလၢဝ်ႈ ([[:en:Orbital eccentricity|Eccentricity]]) လႄႈ ယွၼ်ႉ မၼ်းပၼ်ႇၵိူင်း တီႈၼိူဝ်ၵၢၼ်း ([[:en:Axial tilt|Obliquity]]) မၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၼ်း ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်မီးတီႈၼိူဝ် Mean solar time ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဝႃႈပဵၼ် ၶၢဝ်းၵၢင်ဝၼ်းၼႆ မီးၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းဢၼ်မိူၼ်ၵၼ်သေ လွင်ႈပိူင်ႈၵၼ် သွင်ဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဝႆႉ သုတ်းပီၵႂႃႇၼႆ ၶိုၼ်းၽႅဝ်ၵႂႃႇတီႈ သၢႆငၢႆ သုၼ် ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပဵၼ် [[လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ (Greenwich Mean Time)]] (GMT) ၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ [[:en:Royal Observatory, Greenwich|ဢွင်ႈလႅပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းၾႃႉလၢဝ် ၸၢဝ်းၸဝ်ႈ (ၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ)]] သေ လႆႈၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈမႃး မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1675 ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈယိူင်းဢၢၼ်းတႄႉ ပဵၼ်တွၼ်ႈတႃႇပၼ်လႆႈ တၢင်းၸွႆႈထႅမ်ႈ တႃႇ ႁိူင်းသၢင်ႈၽေႃး ဢၼ်မီးတီႈၼႂ်း ပၢင်ႇလၢႆႇ ႁႂ်ႈမၵ်းမၼ်ႈလႆႈ [[:en:Longitude|လွင်ႇၵျီႇၵျူႉ]] ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၽွင်းမိူဝ်ႈဝဵင်းတီႈၼႂ်း ဢိင်ႇၵလၢၼ်ႇ ၵူႈတီႈတီႈ ဢၼ်မီးၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈ ဢမ်ႇမိူၼ်ၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ သၢႆဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းပၼ်မႃးလႆႈ လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းတႃႇဢိင်ဢၢင်ႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ===Railway time=== [[File:Time zone chicago.jpg|right|thumb|Plaque commemorating the Railway General Time Convention of 1883 in North America]] ၽိူဝ်ႇ လွင်ႈၵၢၼ်တေႃႉသူင်ႇရူတ်ႉလဵၼ်း လႄႈ လွင်ႈၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇသၢႆလူမ်း ႁုၼ်ႈမုၼ်းၶိုၼ်ႈယႂ်ႇမႃး ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈ (Local solar time) ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မီးလွင်ႈဢမ်ႇၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈမႃးယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈတၢင်းမၼ်းတႄႉ ဢိင်ၼိူဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ်သေၵေႃႈ လွင်ႇၵျီႇၵျူႉ ဢၼ်ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈလႅင်ႈလိၼ်သေ ၼႂ်းၵႄႈဢွင်ႈတီႈပိုၼ်ႉတီႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယၢမ်းမူင်းၼႆႉ လႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈဝႆႉယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ တီႈ လွင်ႇၵျီႇၵျူႉတီႇၵရီႇၼိုင်ႈဢၼ်ၼႆႉ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းလႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈ သီႇမိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ တူဝ်ယၢင်ႇမၼ်း [[:en:Bristol|ပရိတ်ႉသ်တူဝ်ႇ]]ၼႆႉ မီးဝႆႉ ၽၢႆႇတူၵ်း ၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ (ပွတ်းဢွၵ်ႇ [[ဝဵင်းလၼ်ႇတၼ်ႇ]]) မွၵ်ႈ ၂.၅ တီႇၵရီႇၼၼ်ႉလႄႈ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းတဵင်ႈဝၼ်း တီႈ ဝဵင်းပရိတ်ႉသ်တူဝ်ႇ (Solar noon) ၼႆႉ မၼ်းပေႃးပူၼ်ႉၵႂႃႇ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းတဵင်ႈဝၼ်းတီႈလၼ်ႇတၼ်ႇ တႃႇ ၁၀ မိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉပၢႆယဝ်ႉ။ <ref>Latitude and Longitude of World Cities http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0001769.html</ref> လွင်ႈၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼႆ့ ယိုင်ႈႁိုင်ႈယိုင်ႈပိူင်ႈၵၼ်မႃးၼမ်ယဝ်ႉ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈ ပီ 1847 တီႇသႅမ်ႇပႃႇ 1 ဝၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ [[:en:History of rail transport in Great Britain|ၶမ်ႇပၼီႇရူတ်ႉလဵၼ်း]] ဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ၵရဵတ်ႉပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇ ဢဝ် GMT သႂ်ႇတီႈၼႂ်ႈ [[ယၢမ်းမူင်းၶရူဝ်ႇမီႇတႃႇ|ၶရူဝ်ႇၼူဝ်ႇမီႇတႃႇ]] ဢၼ်တေႃႉဢဝ်ၵႂႃႇငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉသေၵေႃႈ မၵ်းမၼ်ႈမႃးယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်းၵႃႈၶမ်ႇပၼီႇ ႁူင်းၵၢၼ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၶမ်ႇပၼီႇဢၼ်မၵ်းမၼ်ႈဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် [[:en:Great Western Railway|Great Western Railway]] (GWR) သေ ပဵၼ် မိူဝ်ႈ 1840 ၼူဝ်ႇဝႅမ်ႇပႃႇၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇပေႃးႁိုင်ပေႃးၼၢၼ်း ၵူၼ်းႁူႉၼမ်မႃးဝႃႈ [[:en:Railway time|Railway Time]] ဝႃႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မွၵ်ႈ 1852 ဢေႃးၵၢတ်ႉ 23 ၼၼ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ဢွင်ႈတူၺ်းလၢဝ်ၾႃႉ ၸၢဝ်းၸဝ်ႈ (ၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ) လႆႈပိုၼ်ပွႆႇပၼ် သၢႆၶၢဝ်းယမၢ်း (time signals) [[သၢႆလူမ်း]]ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းမူင်း ၵူၼ်းမိူင်းဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ၵရဵတ်ႉပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇ မွၵ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ ၉၈% ၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈပႆႇထိုင် 1855 ၼႆႉ တိုၵ်ႉဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ GMT မႃးယဝ်ႉ။ တေႃႇပႆႇထိုင် 1880 ဢေႃးၵၢတ်ႉ 2 ဝၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းပႆႇလႆႈမၵ်းမၼ်ႈ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပဵၼ်တၢင်းၵၢၼ် ႁင်းပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇ။ ၶၢဝ်းယမၢ်းၼၼ်ႉ တီႈယၢမ်းမူင်းပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇၼၼ်ႉ မီး မိုဝ်းမိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉသွင်ဢၼ်သေ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်တွၼ်ႈတႃႇ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် တႃႇ GMT ယဝ်ႉ။<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/info/bristol-time.htm|title=Bristol Time|publisher=Wwp.greenwichmeantime.com|date=|accessdate=2011-12-05|archivedate=2006-06-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060628151049/http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/info/bristol-time.htm}}</ref> ၽွင်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်ႉၵမ်ႉၽႃႇၼႆႉ ၽၢႆႇလွင်ႈၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇတိတ်းတေႃႇ ၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈမႃးၸိုင် တီႈဢၼ်ၶဵင်ႇၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇတိတ်းတေႃႇၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ လူဝ်ႇ လွင်ႈမၵ်းမၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်ပွင်ၸႂ်ငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ===ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ပတ်ႉပိုၼ်ႉၵမ်ႇၽႃႇ=== ==ၶေႃႈပိုတ်ႇတီႈပွင်ႇ== ==Notation of time== ===SO 8601=== ===UTC=== ====UTC offset==== ===တူဝ်ယေႃႈမၼ်း=== ==UTC offsets ပတ်ႉပိုၼ်ႉၵမ်ႇၽႃႇ== ==သဵၼ်ႈမၢႆ UTC offsets== ==Time zone conversions== ==ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်ထိင်းဝႆႉပၼ် လႅင်းသၢႆလႅတ်ႇ== ==ပိူင်ၶွမ်ပိဝ်ႇတႃႇလႄႈ ပိူင်ဢိၼ်ႇထႃႇၼႅတ်ႇ== ===Operating systems=== ====Unix==== ====မၢႆႉၶရူဝ်ႇသွပ်ႉၾ် ဝိၼ်းတူဝ်း==== ===ၽႃႇသႃႇၵႂၢမ်း ၽရူဝ်ႇၶႅမ်းမိင်း=== ====Java==== ====JavaScript==== ====Perl==== ====PHP==== ====Python==== ==တႃႇသိုပ်ႇတူၺ်းထႅင်ႈ== [[File:Coventry_Time_Zone_Clock.jpg|right|thumb|220x220px|The control panel of the Time Zone Clock in front of Coventry Transport Museum.]] * [[:en:Daylight_saving_time|Daylight saving time]] * [[:en:ISO_8601|ISO 8601]] * [[:en:Jet_lag|Jet lag]] * [[:en:List_of_time_zone_abbreviations|List of time zone abbreviations]] * [[:en:List_of_time_zones_by_country|List of time zones by country]] * [[:en:Lists_of_time_zones|Lists of time zones]] * [[:en:Metric_time|Metric time]] * [[:en:Category:Time_by_country|Time by country]] * [[:en:World_clock|World clock]] ==ၶေႃႈမၢႆတွင်း== {{Notelist}} ==ၽိုၼ်ဢိင်== {{Reflist|2}} ==ႁဵၼ်းၵွင်ႉၽၢႆႇၼွၵ်ႈ== {{Wikivoyage|Time zones|ၸူၼ်ႇၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း}} * {{Commons category-inline|Time zones|ၸူၼ်ႇၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း}} * [http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-t/opb/sp/T-SP-LT.1-2015-PDF-E.pdf LEGAL TIME 2015] [[Category:ၸူၼ်ႇၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] 92ff1qpc1rue3zpxw35kdvllcoj3we2 112193 112192 2025-06-13T09:24:24Z Saimawnkham 5 112193 wikitext text/x-wiki '''ၸူၼ်ႇၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း''' ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ၼႃႈလိၵ် ဢၼ်မၵ်းမၼ်ႈဝႆႉ [[:en:Standard_time|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] ပဵၼ်တၢင်းၵၢၼ် တွၼ်ႈတႃႇႁႂ်ႈမၼ်းပေႃးမႅၼ်ႈၽဵင်ႇၵၼ် တီႈ လွင်ႈသိုဝ်ႉၶၢႆပၢႆးမၢၵ်ႈမီး၊ လွင်ႈတၢင်းတူင်ႇဝူင်းၵူၼ်းၵူႈသမ်ႇသမ်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၸူၼ်ႇၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼႆႉ ၵႆႉၸႅၵ်ႇသေမၵ်းမၼ်ႈ ၸွမ်းၼၼ်ႇ သၢႆၶႅၼ်ႈလိၼ်မိူင်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉမၵ်းမၼ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸိူင်ႉၼၼ်သေ တီႈၼႂ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ၸိူဝ်းပဵၼ် ၵၢၼ်ၵႃႉၵၢၼ်ၶၢႆလႄႈသင်၊ ၵၢၼ်ၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇလႄႈသင် တေၸၢင်ႈႁဵတ်းႁႂ်ႈမၼ်းၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈ ၼႂ်းၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်လဵဝ်ၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ၸူၼ်ႇၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း မိူင်းၸိူဝ်းမီးၼႂ်းၵမ်ႇၽႃႇၼႆႉ ၵမ်ႉၼမ်တႄႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ယၢမ်းမူင်းတဵမ် (UTC−12 to UTC+14) ၼင်ႇၵႃႈတီႈ [[Coordinated Universal Time]] (UTC)သေ မိူင်းၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈတႄႉ ၸႂ်ႉဝႆႉ 30 လႄႈ 45 မိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ (တူဝ်ယၢင်ႇမၼ်း [[:en:Newfoundland_Time_Zone|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ၼဵဝ်းၽွင်းလႅၼ်း]] - UTC−03:30၊ [[:en:Nepal_Time|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ၼီႇပေႃး]] - UTC+05:45၊ [[လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းမျၢၼ်ႇမႃႇ]] - UTC +06:30၊  [[:en:Indian_Standard_Time|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး]] - UTC+05:30) မိူင်းဢၼ် လတ်ႉတိၵျူႉသုင်ၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ [[:en:Daylight_saving_time|ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၶၢဝ်းမႆႈ]] ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ပေႃးထိုင်ၶၢဝ်းမႆႈၸိုင် သုတ်ႉၽၢႆႇၼႃႈ ၼိုင်ႈၸူဝ်ႈမူင်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ == List of UTC offsets == {{Main|List of UTC time offsets}} <!-- Please do not use time zone maps that have fixed file names with fixed dates. They are never updated and are only used for historical reference. --> [[File:World time zones.svg|800px|thumb|center|Time zones of the world]] In the table below, the locations that use daylight saving time (DST) are listed in their UTC offset when DST is ''not'' in effect. When DST is in effect, approximately during spring and summer, their UTC offset is increased by one hour (except for [[Lord Howe Island]], where it is increased by 30 minutes). For example, during the DST period [[California]] observes [[UTC−07:00]] and the [[United Kingdom]] observes [[UTC+01:00]]. {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; line-height:1.2" |- ! UTC offset ! colspan=2|Locations that do not use DST ! colspan=2|Locations that use DST |- | [[UTC−12:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||style=width:40%|<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|ၵုၼ်ပႄးၵႃႇ}}<br>{{flag|Howland Island}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||style=width:60%| |- | [[UTC−11:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|American Samoa}}<br>{{flag|Jarvis Island}}<br>{{flag|Kingman Reef}}<br>{{flag|Midway Atoll}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Niue}}<br>{{flag|Palmyra Atoll}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC−10:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Cook Islands}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag|French Polynesia}} (most)}}{{flag|Johnston Atoll}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Hawaii|Hawaii]]</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Andreanof Islands]], [[Islands of Four Mountains]], [[Near Islands]], [[Rat Islands]] ([[Aleutian Islands]], [[Alaska]]) |- | [[UTC−09:30]] | style=background:#CD61FF| ||{{flag|ပေႃႇလီႇၼေးသျႃး ၶွင် ၾရၢင်ႇသဵတ်ႈ}}: [[Marquesas Islands]] | style=background:#9900E0| || |- | [[UTC−09:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||{{flag|French Polynesia}}: [[Gambier Islands]] | style=background:#0400CD| ||{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Alaska|Alaska]] (most) |- | [[UTC−08:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||{{flag|Clipperton Island}}<br>{{flag|Pitcairn Islands}} | style=background:#00BF63| ||<div style="column-width:20em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[British Columbia]] (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Baja California]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in California|California]], [[Time in Idaho|Idaho]] (north), [[Time in Nevada|Nevada]] (most), [[Time in Oregon|Oregon]] (most), [[Washington (state)|Washington]]</div> |- | [[UTC−07:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[British Columbia]] (northeast), [[Yukon]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Baja California Sur]], [[Nayarit]] (most), [[Sinaloa]], [[Sonora]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Arizona|Arizona]] (most) | style=background:#D3D800| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Alberta]], [[British Columbia]] (southeast), [[Northwest Territories]], [[Time in Nunavut|Nunavut]] (west), [[Time in Saskatchewan|Saskatchewan]] ([[Lloydminster]] area)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]] (northwest border)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Arizona|Arizona]] ([[Navajo Nation]]), [[Colorado]], [[Time in Idaho|Idaho]] (most), [[Time in Kansas|Kansas]] (west), [[Montana]], [[Time in Nebraska|Nebraska]] (west), [[New Mexico]], [[Time in Nevada|Nevada]] (northeast border), [[Time in North Dakota|North Dakota]] (southwest), [[Time in Oregon|Oregon]] (east), [[Time in South Dakota|South Dakota]] (west), [[Time in Texas|Texas]] (west), [[Utah]], [[Wyoming]] |- | [[UTC−06:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Belize}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Time in Saskatchewan|Saskatchewan]] (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Costa Rica}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Ecuador}}: [[Galápagos Province|Galápagos]]}}{{flag|El Salvador}}<br>{{flag|Guatemala}}<br>{{flag|Honduras}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}} (most)<br>{{flag|Nicaragua}}</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||<div style="column-width:20em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Manitoba]], [[Time in Nunavut|Nunavut]] (central), [[Ontario]] (west)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Chile}}: [[Easter Island]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}} (northeast border)<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Alabama|Alabama]], [[Arkansas]], [[Time in Florida|Florida]] (northwest), [[Illinois]], [[Time in Indiana|Indiana]] (northwest, southwest), [[Iowa]], [[Time in Kansas|Kansas]] (most), [[Time in Kentucky|Kentucky]] (west), [[Louisiana]], [[Time in Michigan|Michigan]] (northwest border), [[Minnesota]], [[Mississippi]], [[Missouri]], [[Time in Nebraska|Nebraska]] (most), [[Time in North Dakota|North Dakota]] (most), [[Oklahoma]], [[Time in South Dakota|South Dakota]] (most), [[Time in Tennessee|Tennessee]] (most), [[Time in Texas|Texas]] (most), [[Wisconsin]]}}</div> |- | [[UTC−05:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}}: [[Acre (state)|Acre]], [[Amazonas (Brazilian state)|Amazonas]] (southwest)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Atikokan]], [[Mishkeegogamang First Nation|Mishkeegogamang]], [[Southampton Island]]<br>{{flag|Cayman Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Colombia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ecuador}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Jamaica}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mexico}}: [[Quintana Roo]]<br>{{flag|Navassa Island}}<br>{{flag|Panama}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Peru}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| ||<div style="column-width:20em;column-count:2">{{flag|Bahamas}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Time in Nunavut|Nunavut]] (east), [[Ontario]] (most), [[Quebec]] (most)<br>{{flag|Cuba}}<br>{{flag|Haiti}}<br>{{flag|Turks and Caicos Islands}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|United States}}: [[Time in Connecticut|Connecticut]], [[Delaware]], [[Time in Washington, D.C.|District of Columbia]], [[Time in Florida|Florida]] (most), [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], [[Time in Indiana|Indiana]] (most), [[Time in Kentucky|Kentucky]] (east), [[Time in Maine|Maine]], [[Maryland]], [[Time in Massachusetts|Massachusetts]], [[Time in Michigan|Michigan]] (most), [[Time in New Hampshire|New Hampshire]], [[New Jersey]], [[Time in New York|New York]], [[North Carolina]], [[Ohio]], [[Pennsylvania]], [[Time in Rhode Island|Rhode Island]], [[South Carolina]], [[Time in Tennessee|Tennessee]] (east), [[Time in Vermont|Vermont]], [[Virginia]], [[West Virginia]]}}</div> |- | [[UTC−04:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Anguilla}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Antigua and Barbuda}}<br>{{flag|Aruba}}<br>{{flag|Barbados}}<br>{{flag|Bolivia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}}: [[Amazonas (Brazilian state)|Amazonas]] (most), [[Mato Grosso]], [[Mato Grosso do Sul]], [[Rondônia]], [[Roraima]]<br>{{flag|British Virgin Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Quebec]] (east)<br>{{flag|Caribbean Netherlands}}<br>{{flag|Curaçao}}<br>{{flag|Dominica}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag|Dominican Republic}}}}{{flag|Grenada}}<br>{{flag|Guadeloupe}}<br>{{flag|Guyana}}<br>{{flag|Martinique}}<br>{{flag|Montserrat}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Puerto Rico}}<br>{{flag|Saint Barthélemy}}<br>{{flag|Saint Kitts and Nevis}}<br>{{flag|Saint Lucia}}<br>{{flag|Saint Martin}}<br>{{flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}<br>{{flag|Sint Maarten}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Trinidad and Tobago}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United States Virgin Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Venezuela}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||{{flag|Bermuda}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Labrador]] (most), [[New Brunswick]], [[Nova Scotia]], [[Prince Edward Island]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Chile}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Greenland}}: [[Pituffik Space Base]] |- | [[UTC−03:30]] | style=background:#A9FF13| || | style=background:#419300| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Canada}}: [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]], [[Labrador]] (southeast) |- | [[UTC−03:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Argentina}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Chile}}: [[Magallanes Region]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Falkland Islands}}<br>{{flag|French Guiana}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Paraguay}}<br>{{flag|Suriname}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Uruguay}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| ||{{flag|Saint Pierre and Miquelon}} |- | [[UTC−02:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Brazil}}: [[Fernando de Noronha]]<br>{{flag|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands}} | style=background:#DE006A| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Greenland}} (most) |- | [[UTC−01:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Cape Verde}} | style=background:#0400CD| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Portugal}}: [[Azores]] |- | [[UTC+00:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Burkina Faso}}<br>{{flag|Gambia}}<br>{{flag|Ghana}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Greenland}}: [[Northeast Greenland National Park|National Park]] (east coast)<br>{{flag|Guinea}}<br>{{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}<br>{{flag|Iceland}}<br>{{flag|Ivory Coast}}<br>{{flag|Liberia}}<br>{{flag|Mali}}<br>{{flag|Mauritania}}<br>{{flag|Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha}}<br>{{flag|Senegal}}<br>{{flag|Sierra Leone}}<br>{{flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}}<br>{{flag|Togo}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Faroe Islands}}<br>{{flag|Bailiwick of Guernsey|name=Guernsey}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ireland}}<br>{{flag|Isle of Man}}<br>{{flag|Jersey}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Portugal}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Spain}}: [[Canary Islands]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United Kingdom}} |- | [[UTC+01:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Algeria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Angola}}<br>{{flag|Benin}}<br>{{flag|Cameroon}}<br>{{flag|Central African Republic}}<br>{{flag|Chad}}<br>{{flag|Congo}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|DR Congo|name=Democratic Republic of the Congo}}: [[Province of Équateur|Équateur]], [[Kinshasa]], [[Kongo Central]], [[Kwango]], [[Kwilu Province|Kwilu]], [[Mai-Ndombe Province|Mai-Ndombe]], [[Mongala]], [[Nord-Ubangi]], [[Sud-Ubangi]], [[Tshuapa]]}}{{flag|Equatorial Guinea}}<br>{{flag|Gabon}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Morocco}}{{efn|name=ma|Observes UTC+00:00 around [[Ramadan]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-changes-clocks-2019.html |title=Morocco Re-Introduces Clock Changes for Ramadan 2019 |publisher=Timeanddate.com |date=April 19, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228210847/https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-changes-clocks-2019.html |archive-date=December 28, 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/morocco/casablanca |title=Time Zone in Casablanca, Morocco |publisher=Timeanddate.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210330010901/https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/morocco/casablanca |archive-date=March 30, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/western-sahara/el-aaiun |title=Time Zone in El Aaiún, Western Sahara |publisher=Timeanddate.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214122434/https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/western-sahara/el-aaiun |archive-date=February 14, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>}}<br>{{flag|Niger}}<br>{{flag|Nigeria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tunisia}}<br>''{{flag|Western Sahara}}''{{efn|name=ma}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:3">{{flag|Albania}}<br>{{flag|Andorra}}<br>{{flag|Austria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Belgium}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}<br>{{flag|Croatia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Czech Republic}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Denmark}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|France}} ([[Metropolitan France|metropolitan]])<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Germany}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Gibraltar}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Hungary}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Italy}}<br>''{{flag|Kosovo}}''<br>{{flag|Liechtenstein}}<br>{{flag|Luxembourg}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Malta}}<br>{{flag|Monaco}}<br>{{flag|Montenegro}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Netherlands}} (European)<br>{{flag|North Macedonia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Norway}}<br>{{flag|Poland}}<br>{{flag|San Marino}}<br>{{flag|Serbia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Slovakia}}<br>{{flag|Slovenia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Spain}} (most)<br>{{flag|Sweden}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Switzerland}}<br>{{flag|Vatican City}}</div> |- | [[UTC+02:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Botswana}}<br>{{flag|Burundi}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|DR Congo|name=Democratic Republic of the Congo}} (most)<br>{{flag|Eswatini}}<br>{{flag|Lesotho}}<br><!--{{flag|Libya}}--><br>{{flag|Malawi}}<br>{{flag|Mozambique}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Namibia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Kaliningrad Oblast|Kaliningrad]]<br>{{flag|Rwanda}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|South Africa}} (most)<br>{{flag|South Sudan}}<br>{{flag|Sudan}}<br>{{flag|Zambia}}<br>{{flag|Zimbabwe}}</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:3">{{flag|Akrotiri and Dhekelia}}<br>{{flag|Bulgaria}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Cyprus}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Egypt}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Estonia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Finland}}<br>{{flag|Greece}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Israel}}<br>{{flag|Latvia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Lebanon}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Lithuania}}<br>{{flag|Moldova}}<br>''{{flag|Northern Cyprus}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Palestine}}<br>{{flag|Romania}}<br>''{{flag|Transnistria}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ukraine}} (most)</div> |- | [[UTC+03:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">''{{flag|Abkhazia}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Bahrain}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Belarus}}<br>{{flag|Comoros}}<br>{{flag|Djibouti}}<br>{{flag|Eritrea}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Ethiopia}}<br>{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}: [[Scattered Islands]]<ref name=fr>{{cite web |url=https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000034154759 |title=Décret nº 2017-292 du 6 mars 2017 relatif au temps légal français |trans-title=Decree no. 2017-292 of 6 March 2017 relative to French legal time |publisher=Légifrance |date=March 8, 2017 |language=fr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202160854/https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000034154759/ |archive-date=December 2, 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><br>{{flag+link|Time in|Iraq}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Jordan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kenya}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kuwait}}<br>{{flag|Madagascar}}<br>{{flag|Mayotte}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Qatar}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}} (most of [[European Russia|European part]])<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Saudi Arabia}}<br>{{flag|Somalia}}<br>''{{flag|Somaliland}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|South Africa}}: [[Prince Edward Islands]]<br>''{{flag+link|Time in|South Ossetia}}''<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Syria}}<br>{{flag|Tanzania}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Turkey}}<br>{{flag|Uganda}}<br>{{flag|Ukraine}}: [[Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine|occupied territories]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Yemen}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| || |- | [[UTC+03:30]] | style=background:#35C8FF| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Iran}} | style=background:#0080B2| || |- | [[UTC+04:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Armenia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Azerbaijan}}<br>{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}: [[Crozet Islands]]<ref name=fr/><br>{{flag+link|Time in|Georgia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mauritius}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Oman}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Astrakhan Oblast|Astrakhan]], [[Samara Oblast|Samara]], [[Saratov Oblast|Saratov]], [[Udmurtia]], [[Ulyanovsk Oblast|Ulyanovsk]]<br>{{flag|Réunion}}<br>{{flag|Seychelles}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|United Arab Emirates}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| || |- | [[UTC+04:30]] | style=background:#A9FF13| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Afghanistan}} | style=background:#419300| || |- | [[UTC+05:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|French Southern and Antarctic Lands}}: [[Kerguelen Islands]], [[Île Saint-Paul|Saint Paul Island]], [[Île Amsterdam|Amsterdam Island]]<br>{{flag|Heard Island and McDonald Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kazakhstan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Maldives}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Pakistan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Bashkortostan]], [[Chelyabinsk Oblast|Chelyabinsk]], [[Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug|Khanty-Mansi]], [[Kurgan Oblast|Kurgan]], [[Orenburg Oblast|Orenburg]], [[Perm Krai|Perm]], [[Sverdlovsk Oblast|Sverdlovsk]], [[Tyumen Oblast|Tyumen]], [[Yamalia]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tajikistan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Turkmenistan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Uzbekistan}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC+05:30]] | style=background:#FF9F25| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|India}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Sri Lanka}}</div> | style=background:#F05F00| || |- | [[UTC+05:45]] | style=background:#FF2F2F| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Nepal}} | style=background:#D0D0D0| || |- | [[UTC+06:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Bangladesh}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Bhutan}}<br>{{flag|British Indian Ocean Territory}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Kyrgyzstan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Omsk Oblast|Omsk]]</div> | style=background:#DE006A| || |- | [[UTC+06:30]] | style=background:#CD61FF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Cocos (Keeling) Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Myanmar}}</div> | style=background:#9900E0| || |- | [[UTC+07:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Cambodia}}<br>{{flag|Christmas Island}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Indonesia}}: [[Sumatra]], [[Java]], [[West Kalimantan]], [[Central Kalimantan]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Laos}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Mongolia}}: [[Bayan-Ölgii Province|Bayan-Ölgii]], [[Khovd Province|Khovd]], [[Uvs Province|Uvs]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Altai Krai]], [[Altai Republic]], [[Kemerovo Oblast|Kemerovo]], [[Khakassia]], [[Krasnoyarsk Krai|Krasnoyarsk]], [[Novosibirsk Oblast|Novosibirsk]], [[Tomsk Oblast|Tomsk]], [[Tuva]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Thailand}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Vietnam}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| || |- | [[UTC+08:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Western Australia]] (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Brunei}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|China}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Hong Kong}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Indonesia}}: [[South Kalimantan]], [[East Kalimantan]], [[North Kalimantan]], [[Sulawesi]], [[Lesser Sunda Islands]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Macau}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Malaysia}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Mongolia}} (most)<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Philippines}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Buryatia]], [[Irkutsk Oblast|Irkutsk]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Singapore}}<br>''{{flag+link|Time in|Taiwan}}''</div> | style=background:#00BF63| || |- | [[UTC+08:45]] | style=background:#A5FB00| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Eucla, Western Australia|Eucla]] | style=background:#8ED800| || |- | [[UTC+09:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|East Timor}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Indonesia}}: [[Maluku Islands]], [[Western New Guinea]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Japan}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|North Korea}}<br>{{flag|Palau}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Amur Oblast|Amur]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha]] (most), [[Zabaykalsky Krai|Zabaykalsky]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|South Korea}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC+09:30]] | style=background:#FF9F25| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Northern Territory]] | style=background:#F05F00| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[South Australia]], [[Yancowinna County]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Standard Time Act 1987 No 149 |url=https://legislation.nsw.gov.au/view/whole/html/inforce/current/act-1987-149 |publisher=New South Wales Government |access-date=February 29, 2024}}</ref> |- | [[UTC+10:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Queensland]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Guam}}<br>{{flag|Micronesia}}: [[Chuuk State|Chuuk]], [[Yap State|Yap]]<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Northern Mariana Islands}}}}{{no col break|{{flag|Papua New Guinea}} (most)}}{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Jewish Autonomous Oblast|Jewish]], [[Khabarovsk Krai|Khabarovsk]], [[Primorsky Krai|Primorsky]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha]] (central-east)</div> | style=background:#DE006A| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Australian Capital Territory]], [[Jervis Bay Territory]], [[New South Wales]] (most), [[Tasmania]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] |- | [[UTC+10:30]] | style=background:#CD61FF| || | style=background:#9900E0| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Australia}}: [[Lord Howe Island]] (DST increase is 30 minutes) |- | [[UTC+11:00]] | style=background:#6D6AFF| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Micronesia}}: [[Kosrae]], [[Pohnpei State|Pohnpei]]<br>{{flag|New Caledonia}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag|Papua New Guinea}}: [[Autonomous Region of Bougainville|Bougainville]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Magadan Oblast|Magadan]], [[Sakha Republic|Sakha]] (east), [[Sakhalin Oblast|Sakhalin]]<br>{{flag|Solomon Islands}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Vanuatu}}</div> | style=background:#0400CD| ||{{flag+link|Time in|Norfolk Island}} |- | [[UTC+12:00]] | style=background:#00FF85| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag+link|Time in|Fiji}}<br>{{flag|Kiribati}}: [[Gilbert Islands]]<br>{{flag|Marshall Islands}}<br>{{flag|Nauru}}<br>{{no col break|{{flag+link|Time in|Russia}}: [[Chukotka Autonomous Okrug|Chukotka]], [[Kamchatka Krai|Kamchatka]]}}{{flag+link|Time in|Tuvalu}}<br>{{flag|Wake Island}}<br>{{flag|Wallis and Futuna}}</div> | style=background:#00BF63| ||{{flag+link|Time in|New Zealand}} (most) |- | [[UTC+12:45]] | style=background:#A5FB00| || | style=background:#8ED800| ||{{flag+link|Time in|New Zealand}}: [[Chatham Islands]] |- | [[UTC+13:00]] | style=background:#F0FF00| ||<div style="column-width:10em;column-count:2">{{flag|Kiribati}}: [[Phoenix Islands]]<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Samoa}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tokelau}}<br>{{flag+link|Time in|Tonga}}</div> | style=background:#D3D800| || |- | [[UTC+14:00]] | style=background:#FF409C| ||{{flag|Kiribati}}: [[Line Islands]] | style=background:#DE006A| || |} ==ပိုၼ်း== ===Early timekeeping=== မိူဝ်ႈပႆႇၶူင်သၢင်ႈလႆႈ [[ယၢမ်းမူင်း]]ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵူၼ်းၶဝ်ၼႆႉ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼိုင်ႈဝၼ်းၼိုင်ႈဝၼ်းၼႆႉ လႆႈဢိင်ၼိူဝ်သဵၼ်ႈတၢင်းဢၼ်လႅတ်ႇၵႂႃႇသေ တႅပ်းတတ်းယဝ်ႉ။ တူဝ်ယၢင်ႇမၼ်း မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ယၢမ်းမူင်းလႅတ်ႇၼၼ်ႉသေ ၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ဢိင်ၼိူဝ်ဢွင်ႈတီႈမၼ်းသေ မီးလွင်ႈပႅၵ်ႇပိူင်ႈၵၼ်ဝႆႉယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ ထိုင် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ၁၉ ၽိူဝ်ႇ ယၢမ်းမူင်းဢၼ်ၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈ ဢွၵ်ႇမႃးၸိုင်{{citation needed}} ၵူႈဝဵင်းဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈ [[:en:Mean solar time|mean solar time]] မႃးယဝ်ႉ။ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းလႅတ်ႇ ဢၼ်မီးတႄႉတႄႉမၼ်းၼႆႉ တင်း mean solar time သေ ပိူင်ႈၵၼ် မွၵ်ႈ ၁၅ မိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ (ၼႄဝႆႉတီႈ ([[:en:Equation of time|လွင်ႈၽဵင်ႇမိူၼ် ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] ၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။) လွင်ႈလႆႈပိူင်ႈၵၼ်ၸိူင်ႉၼၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈဝႃႈ ၵမ်ႇၽႃႇၼႆႉ မၼ်းပၼ်ႁွပ်ႈလႅတ်ႈ ၼင်ႇမူၼ်းၶႆႇပဵတ်းလၢဝ်ႈလၢဝ်ႈ ([[:en:Orbital eccentricity|Eccentricity]]) လႄႈ ယွၼ်ႉ မၼ်းပၼ်ႇၵိူင်း တီႈၼိူဝ်ၵၢၼ်း ([[:en:Axial tilt|Obliquity]]) မၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၼ်း ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်မီးတီႈၼိူဝ် Mean solar time ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဝႃႈပဵၼ် ၶၢဝ်းၵၢင်ဝၼ်းၼႆ မီးၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းဢၼ်မိူၼ်ၵၼ်သေ လွင်ႈပိူင်ႈၵၼ် သွင်ဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဝႆႉ သုတ်းပီၵႂႃႇၼႆ ၶိုၼ်းၽႅဝ်ၵႂႃႇတီႈ သၢႆငၢႆ သုၼ် ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပဵၼ် [[လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ|လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ (Greenwich Mean Time)]] (GMT) ၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ [[:en:Royal Observatory, Greenwich|ဢွင်ႈလႅပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းၾႃႉလၢဝ် ၸၢဝ်းၸဝ်ႈ (ၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ)]] သေ လႆႈၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈမႃး မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1675 ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈယိူင်းဢၢၼ်းတႄႉ ပဵၼ်တွၼ်ႈတႃႇပၼ်လႆႈ တၢင်းၸွႆႈထႅမ်ႈ တႃႇ ႁိူင်းသၢင်ႈၽေႃး ဢၼ်မီးတီႈၼႂ်း ပၢင်ႇလၢႆႇ ႁႂ်ႈမၵ်းမၼ်ႈလႆႈ [[:en:Longitude|လွင်ႇၵျီႇၵျူႉ]] ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၽွင်းမိူဝ်ႈဝဵင်းတီႈၼႂ်း ဢိင်ႇၵလၢၼ်ႇ ၵူႈတီႈတီႈ ဢၼ်မီးၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈ ဢမ်ႇမိူၼ်ၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ သၢႆဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းပၼ်မႃးလႆႈ လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းတႃႇဢိင်ဢၢင်ႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ===Railway time=== [[File:Time zone chicago.jpg|right|thumb|Plaque commemorating the Railway General Time Convention of 1883 in North America]] ၽိူဝ်ႇ လွင်ႈၵၢၼ်တေႃႉသူင်ႇရူတ်ႉလဵၼ်း လႄႈ လွင်ႈၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇသၢႆလူမ်း ႁုၼ်ႈမုၼ်းၶိုၼ်ႈယႂ်ႇမႃး ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈ (Local solar time) ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မီးလွင်ႈဢမ်ႇၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈမႃးယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈတၢင်းမၼ်းတႄႉ ဢိင်ၼိူဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ်သေၵေႃႈ လွင်ႇၵျီႇၵျူႉ ဢၼ်ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈလႅင်ႈလိၼ်သေ ၼႂ်းၵႄႈဢွင်ႈတီႈပိုၼ်ႉတီႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယၢမ်းမူင်းၼႆႉ လႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈဝႆႉယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ တီႈ လွင်ႇၵျီႇၵျူႉတီႇၵရီႇၼိုင်ႈဢၼ်ၼႆႉ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းလႅၵ်ႈလၢႆႈ သီႇမိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ တူဝ်ယၢင်ႇမၼ်း [[:en:Bristol|ပရိတ်ႉသ်တူဝ်ႇ]]ၼႆႉ မီးဝႆႉ ၽၢႆႇတူၵ်း ၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ (ပွတ်းဢွၵ်ႇ [[ဝဵင်းလၼ်ႇတၼ်ႇ]]) မွၵ်ႈ ၂.၅ တီႇၵရီႇၼၼ်ႉလႄႈ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းတဵင်ႈဝၼ်း တီႈ ဝဵင်းပရိတ်ႉသ်တူဝ်ႇ (Solar noon) ၼႆႉ မၼ်းပေႃးပူၼ်ႉၵႂႃႇ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းတဵင်ႈဝၼ်းတီႈလၼ်ႇတၼ်ႇ တႃႇ ၁၀ မိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉပၢႆယဝ်ႉ။ <ref>Latitude and Longitude of World Cities http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0001769.html</ref> လွင်ႈၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းၸူၼ်ႇၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းၼႆ့ ယိုင်ႈႁိုင်ႈယိုင်ႈပိူင်ႈၵၼ်မႃးၼမ်ယဝ်ႉ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် လၵ်းၸဵင်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈ ပီ 1847 တီႇသႅမ်ႇပႃႇ 1 ဝၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ [[:en:History of rail transport in Great Britain|ၶမ်ႇပၼီႇရူတ်ႉလဵၼ်း]] ဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ၵရဵတ်ႉပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇ ဢဝ် GMT သႂ်ႇတီႈၼႂ်ႈ [[ယၢမ်းမူင်းၶရူဝ်ႇမီႇတႃႇ|ၶရူဝ်ႇၼူဝ်ႇမီႇတႃႇ]] ဢၼ်တေႃႉဢဝ်ၵႂႃႇငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉသေၵေႃႈ မၵ်းမၼ်ႈမႃးယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်းၵႃႈၶမ်ႇပၼီႇ ႁူင်းၵၢၼ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၶမ်ႇပၼီႇဢၼ်မၵ်းမၼ်ႈဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် [[:en:Great Western Railway|Great Western Railway]] (GWR) သေ ပဵၼ် မိူဝ်ႈ 1840 ၼူဝ်ႇဝႅမ်ႇပႃႇၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇပေႃးႁိုင်ပေႃးၼၢၼ်း ၵူၼ်းႁူႉၼမ်မႃးဝႃႈ [[:en:Railway time|Railway Time]] ဝႃႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မွၵ်ႈ 1852 ဢေႃးၵၢတ်ႉ 23 ၼၼ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ဢွင်ႈတူၺ်းလၢဝ်ၾႃႉ ၸၢဝ်းၸဝ်ႈ (ၵရိၼ်းၼိတ်ႉ) လႆႈပိုၼ်ပွႆႇပၼ် သၢႆၶၢဝ်းယမၢ်း (time signals) [[သၢႆလူမ်း]]ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းမူင်း ၵူၼ်းမိူင်းဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ၵရဵတ်ႉပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇ မွၵ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ ၉၈% ၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈပႆႇထိုင် 1855 ၼႆႉ တိုၵ်ႉဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ GMT မႃးယဝ်ႉ။ တေႃႇပႆႇထိုင် 1880 ဢေႃးၵၢတ်ႉ 2 ဝၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းပႆႇလႆႈမၵ်းမၼ်ႈ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပဵၼ်တၢင်းၵၢၼ် ႁင်းပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇ။ ၶၢဝ်းယမၢ်းၼၼ်ႉ တီႈယၢမ်းမူင်းပရိတ်ႉတဵင်ႇၼၼ်ႉ မီး မိုဝ်းမိတ်ႉၼိတ်ႉသွင်ဢၼ်သေ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်တွၼ်ႈတႃႇ ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်းပိုၼ်ႉတီႈလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် တႃႇ GMT ယဝ်ႉ။<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/info/bristol-time.htm|title=Bristol Time|publisher=Wwp.greenwichmeantime.com|date=|accessdate=2011-12-05|archivedate=2006-06-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060628151049/http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/info/bristol-time.htm}}</ref> ၽွင်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်ႉၵမ်ႉၽႃႇၼႆႉ ၽၢႆႇလွင်ႈၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇတိတ်းတေႃႇ ၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈမႃးၸိုင် တီႈဢၼ်ၶဵင်ႇၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇတိတ်းတေႃႇၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ လူဝ်ႇ လွင်ႈမၵ်းမၼ်ႈၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်ပွင်ၸႂ်ငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ===ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ပတ်ႉပိုၼ်ႉၵမ်ႇၽႃႇ=== ==ၶေႃႈပိုတ်ႇတီႈပွင်ႇ== ==Notation of time== ===SO 8601=== ===UTC=== ====UTC offset==== ===တူဝ်ယေႃႈမၼ်း=== ==UTC offsets ပတ်ႉပိုၼ်ႉၵမ်ႇၽႃႇ== ==သဵၼ်ႈမၢႆ UTC offsets== ==Time zone conversions== ==ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်ထိင်းဝႆႉပၼ် လႅင်းသၢႆလႅတ်ႇ== ==ပိူင်ၶွမ်ပိဝ်ႇတႃႇလႄႈ ပိူင်ဢိၼ်ႇထႃႇၼႅတ်ႇ== ===Operating systems=== ====Unix==== ====မၢႆႉၶရူဝ်ႇသွပ်ႉၾ် ဝိၼ်းတူဝ်း==== ===ၽႃႇသႃႇၵႂၢမ်း ၽရူဝ်ႇၶႅမ်းမိင်း=== ====Java==== ====JavaScript==== ====Perl==== ====PHP==== ====Python==== ==တႃႇသိုပ်ႇတူၺ်းထႅင်ႈ== [[File:Coventry_Time_Zone_Clock.jpg|right|thumb|220x220px|The control panel of the Time Zone Clock in front of Coventry Transport Museum.]] * [[:en:Daylight_saving_time|Daylight saving time]] * [[:en:ISO_8601|ISO 8601]] * [[:en:Jet_lag|Jet lag]] * [[:en:List_of_time_zone_abbreviations|List of time zone abbreviations]] * [[:en:List_of_time_zones_by_country|List of time zones by country]] * [[:en:Lists_of_time_zones|Lists of time zones]] * [[:en:Metric_time|Metric time]] * [[:en:Category:Time_by_country|Time by country]] * [[:en:World_clock|World clock]] ==ၶေႃႈမၢႆတွင်း== {{Notelist}} ==ၽိုၼ်ဢိင်== {{Reflist|2}} ==ႁဵၼ်းၵွင်ႉၽၢႆႇၼွၵ်ႈ== {{Wikivoyage|Time zones|ၸူၼ်ႇၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း}} * {{Commons category-inline|Time zones|ၸူၼ်ႇၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း}} * [http://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-t/opb/sp/T-SP-LT.1-2015-PDF-E.pdf LEGAL TIME 2015] [[Category:ၸူၼ်ႇၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း]] t7kvz5pz7zig2lgum36dok98tfo8aez 0 17817 112194 66147 2025-06-13T11:19:55Z CommonsDelinker 114 Replacing Europe-Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg with [[File:Map_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_in_Europe.svg]] (by [[:c:User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] because: [[:c:COM:FR|File renamed]]: [[:c:COM:FR#FR2|Criterion 2]]). 112194 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|မိူင်းဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ၸဵင်ႇၸၢၼ်းဝၼ်းဢွၵ်ႇ ယူးရူပ်ႉ}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Bosnia and Herzegovina | common_name = Bosnia and Herzegovina | native_name = {{Nobold|{{unbulleted list|item_style=font-size:85%;|[[Serbo-Croatian]] (Latin): {{lang|sh-Latn|Bosna i Hercegovina}}<br/>[[Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic|Serbo-Croatian (Cyrillic)]]: {{lang|sh-Cyrl|Босна и Херцеговина}}}}}} | image_flag = Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg | flag_size = 130 | image_coat = Coat of arms of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg | coa_size = 65 | national_anthem = {{lang|sh-Latn|Državna himna Bosne i Hercegovine}}<br />{{lang|sh-Cyrl|Државна химна Босне и Херцеговине}}<br />"[[National Anthem of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]" <div style="padding-top:0.5em;"class="centre"></div> | image_map = Map of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Europe.svg | map_caption = {{map caption |location_color=green |region=Europe |region_color=dark grey}} | capital = [[Sarajevo]]<ref name=Constitution/> | coordinates = {{Coord|43|52|N|18|25|E|type:city}} | largest_city = capital | official_languages = {{hlist|[[Bosnian language|Bosnian]]|[[Serbian language|Serbian]]|[[Croatian language|Croatian]]}} | languages_type = [[Writing system]] | languages = {{hlist|[[Latin alphabet|Latin]]|[[Serbian Cyrillic alphabet|Cyrillic]]}} | ethnic_groups = {{unbulleted list | 50.1% [[Bosniaks]] | 30.8% [[Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Serbs]] | 15.4% [[Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Croats]] | 3.7% [[Demographics of Bosnia and Herzegovina|others]] }} | ethnic_groups_year = 2013 | ethnic_groups_ref = <ref name="Popis2013">{{cite web |title=Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i stanova u Bosni i Hercegovini, 2013: Rezultati Popisa / Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2013: Final Results |url=https://www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/doc/RezultatiPopisa_BS.pdf |last=Agencija za statistiku Bosne i Hercegovine / Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina |date=2016 |language=bs,en |access-date=21 June 2021 |archive-date=25 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625224417/https://www.popis.gov.ba/popis2013/doc/RezultatiPopisa_BS.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> | religion = {{unbulleted list |51% [[Islam in Bosnia and Herzegovina|Islam]] |{{Tree list}} * 46% [[Christianity]] ** 31% [[Serbian Orthodox Church|Orthodoxy]] ** {{nowrap|15% [[Catholic Church|Catholicism]]}} {{Tree list/end}} |3% [[Irreligion|no religion]] / [[Religion in Bosnia and Herzegovina|others]]}} | religion_year = 2013 census | religion_ref = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Bosnia and Herzegovina |url=https://www.state.gov/reports/2021-report-on-international-religious-freedom/bosnia-and-herzegovina/ |access-date=2022-10-20 |website=United States Department of State |language=en-US}}</ref> | demonym = {{hlist|[[Bosnians|Bosnian]]|[[Herzegovina#Population|Herzegovinian]]}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Bosnia and Herzegovina • Country facts |url=https://en.populationdata.net/countries/bosnia-and-herzegovina/ |website=PopulationData.net |date=21 March 2020 |access-date=8 April 2020 |archive-date=12 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612065815/https://en.populationdata.net/countries/bosnia-and-herzegovina/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Danas se iz Norveške kući vraća 13 državljana BiH, a šta je sa ostalima? |url=https://mojabih.oslobodjenje.ba/vijesti/danas-se-iz-norveske-kuci-vraca-13-drzavljana-bih-a-sta-je-sa-ostalima/2700 |website=MojaBiH |date=5 April 2020 |language=bs |access-date=8 April 2020 |archive-date=12 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200612065815/https://mojabih.oslobodjenje.ba/vijesti/danas-se-iz-norveske-kuci-vraca-13-drzavljana-bih-a-sta-je-sa-ostalima/2700 |url-status=live }}</ref>{{sfn|CIA|2019}} | government_type = [[Federal republic|Federal]] parliamentary{{sfn|CIA|2019}} [[Directorial system|directorial republic]] | leader_title1 = {{nowrap|[[High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina|High Representative]]}} | leader_name1 = {{nowrap|[[Christian Schmidt (politician)|Christian Schmidt]]}}{{efn|name=highrep|The high representative is an international civilian overseer of the [[Dayton Agreement]] with authority to dismiss elected and non-elected officials and enact legislation.}} | leader_title2 = [[Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Chairwoman of the Presidency]] | leader_name2 = {{nowrap|[[Željka Cvijanović]]}} | leader_title3 = [[Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Members of the Presidency]] | leader_name3 = {{nowrap|[[Željko Komšić]]<br>[[Denis Bećirović]]}} | leader_title4 = [[Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Chairwoman of the Council of Ministers]] | leader_name4 = [[Borjana Krišto]] | legislature = [[Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Parliamentary Assembly]] | upper_house = [[House of Peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina|House of Peoples]] | lower_house = [[House of Representatives of Bosnia and Herzegovina|House of Representatives]] | sovereignty_type = [[History of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Establishment history]] | established_event1 = [[Bosnia (early medieval polity)]] | established_date1 = 9th century | established_event2 = [[Banate of Bosnia]] | established_date2 = 1154 | established_event3 = [[Kingdom of Bosnia]] | established_date3 = 1377 | established_event4 = [[Ottoman conquest of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Ottoman conquest]] | established_date4 = 1463 | established_event5 = [[Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina|Austro-Hungarian conquest and 1908 annexation]] | established_date5 = 1878 | established_event6 = [[Creation of Yugoslavia]] | established_date6 = 1 December 1918 | established_event7 = [[ZAVNOBiH]] | established_date7 = 25 November 1943 | established_event8 = [[SR Bosnia and Herzegovina]] within [[SFR Yugoslavia]] | established_date8 = 29 November 1945 | established_event9 = [[1992 Bosnian independence referendum|Independence]] from [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]] | established_date9 = 3 March 1992 | established_event10 = [[Washington Agreement (1994)|Washington Agreement]] | established_date10 = 18 March 1994 | established_event11 = [[Dayton Agreement]] | established_date11 = 14 December 1995 | area_km2 = 51,209<ref name="bhas_gov_ba">{{Cite web |url=https://bhas.gov.ba/data/Publikacije/Bilteni/2023/DEM_00_2022_TB_1_HR.pdf |page=26 |title=Demografija, 2022. |date=31 October 2023 |access-date=19 February 2024 |publisher=Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina |website=bhas.gov.ba}}</ref> | area_rank = 125th <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --> | area_sq_mi = 19,741 <!--Do not remove per [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers]]--> | percent_water = 1.4% | population_estimate = {{DecreaseNeutral}} 3,434,000<ref name="bhas_gov_ba" /> | population_census = 3,531,159<ref name="Popis2013"/> | population_estimate_year = 2022 | population_estimate_rank = 135th | population_census_year = 2013 | population_density_km2 = 69 | population_density_sq_mi = 179 | population_density_rank = 156th | GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $74.280 billion<ref name="IMFWEO.BA">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=963,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2020&ey=2028&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (BA) |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |date=10 October 2023 |access-date=11 October 2023}}</ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2024 | GDP_PPP_rank = 110th | GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $21,498<ref name="IMFWEO.BA" /> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 83rd | GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $29.078 billion<ref name="IMFWEO.BA" /> | GDP_nominal_year = 2024 | GDP_nominal_rank = 110th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $8,317<ref name="IMF.ORG" /> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 88th | Gini = 32.7 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 2015 | Gini_change = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?end=2011&locations=BA&start=2001 |title=Distribution of family income&nbsp;– Gini index |work=The World Factbook |publisher=TWB |access-date=29 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029064859/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?end=2011&locations=BA&start=2001 |archive-date=29 October 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> | HDI = 0.779 | HDI_year = 2022<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = increase<!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref name="UNHDR">{{cite web|url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2023/24|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=13 March 2024|access-date=13 March 2024}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 80th | currency = [[Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark|Convertible mark]] | currency_code = BAM | time_zone = [[Central European Time|CET]] | utc_offset = +01 | utc_offset_DST = +02 | time_zone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]] | date_format = d. m. yyyy. ([[Common Era|CE]]) | drives_on = right | calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in Bosnia and Herzegovina|+387]] | cctld = [[.ba]] | footnotes = {{notelist | colwidth = | notes = }} }} ==ၽိုၼ်ဢိင်== {{Reflist}} qjsa344jmav4ai245j2oj5btti95odx 828 34112 112186 2025-06-13T09:13:25Z Saimawnkham 5 ၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈၼႃႈလိၵ်ႈဝႆႉ တင်း "return { name = 'Oceania', x = '(50.8671)*( cos( $1*0.01745329252 )*sin( ($2 + ($2<0)*360-(170.0))*0.01745329252 ) ) * ( ((1 + sin( $1*0.01745329252 )*sin( -5.0*0.01745329252 ) + cos( $1*0.01745329252 )*cos( -5.0*0.01745329252 )*cos( ($2 + ($2<0)*360-(170.0))*0.01745329252 ) ) *0.5)^ -0.5) - (-50.0)', y = '(100 + (-56.5869) ) - (58.926)*( cos( -5.0*0.01745329252 )*sin( $1*0.01745329252 ) - sin( -5.0*0.01745329252..." 112186 Scribunto text/plain return { name = 'Oceania', x = '(50.8671)*( cos( $1*0.01745329252 )*sin( ($2 + ($2<0)*360-(170.0))*0.01745329252 ) ) * ( ((1 + sin( $1*0.01745329252 )*sin( -5.0*0.01745329252 ) + cos( $1*0.01745329252 )*cos( -5.0*0.01745329252 )*cos( ($2 + ($2<0)*360-(170.0))*0.01745329252 ) ) *0.5)^ -0.5) - (-50.0)', y = '(100 + (-56.5869) ) - (58.926)*( cos( -5.0*0.01745329252 )*sin( $1*0.01745329252 ) - sin( -5.0*0.01745329252 )*cos( $1*0.01745329252 )*cos( ($2 + ($2<0)*360-(170.0))*0.01745329252 ) ) * ( ((1 + sin( $1*0.01745329252 )*sin( -5.0*0.01745329252 ) + cos( $1*0.01745329252 )*cos( -5.0*0.01745329252 )*cos( ($2 + ($2<0)*360-(170.0))*0.01745329252 ) ) *0.5)^ -0.5)', image = 'Oceania_laea_location map.svg', image1 = 'Oceania_laea_relief_location_map.jpg' } 0lmorvhqdavs751s2xvcec4i9xcxrys 828 34113 112187 2025-06-13T09:14:20Z Saimawnkham 5 ၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈၼႃႈလိၵ်ႈဝႆႉ တင်း "<!-- Categories go at the bottom of this page and interwikis go in Wikidata. --> {{Module:Location map/data/doc | examples = | see also = * [[Module:Location map/data/Pacific Ocean]] }}<includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox|| <!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Location map modules crossing the 180th meridian|Oceania]] [[Category:Oceania location map modules|*]] }}</include..." 112187 wikitext text/x-wiki <!-- Categories go at the bottom of this page and interwikis go in Wikidata. --> {{Module:Location map/data/doc | examples = | see also = * [[Module:Location map/data/Pacific Ocean]] }}<includeonly>{{#ifeq:{{SUBPAGENAME}}|sandbox|| <!-- Categories below this line; interwikis at Wikidata --> [[Category:Location map modules crossing the 180th meridian|Oceania]] [[Category:Oceania location map modules|*]] }}</includeonly> crjdenslkaxm0ubdx38fmiy4mosqijb 0 34114 112188 2025-06-13T09:14:35Z Saimawnkham 5 ၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈၼႃႈလိၵ်ႈဝႆႉ တင်း "{{Infobox islands |name = ၵုၼ်ပႄးၵႃႇ |native_name = |image_name = Nwrbakerisle a320.gif |image_caption = U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service aerial view of Baker Island |image_size = |map = ဢူဝ်းသီးၼီးယႃး |map_caption = တီႈယူႇၵုၼ်ပႄးၵျႃႇ ၼႂ်းပၢင်ႇလၢႆႇပသိၽ..." 112188 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox islands |name = ၵုၼ်ပႄးၵႃႇ |native_name = |image_name = Nwrbakerisle a320.gif |image_caption = U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service aerial view of Baker Island |image_size = |map = ဢူဝ်းသီးၼီးယႃး |map_caption = တီႈယူႇၵုၼ်ပႄးၵျႃႇ ၼႂ်းပၢင်ႇလၢႆႇပသိၽိၵ်ႉ |nickname = New Nantucket |location = [[Pacific Ocean]] |coordinates = {{Coord|0|11|45|N|176|28|45|W|display=inline,title|type:isle_scale:10000_region:UM-81_source:gnis-1392997}} |archipelago = |area_km2 = 2.1 |length_km = 1.81 |width_km = 1.13 |coastline_km = 4.8 |highest_mount = |elevation_m = 8 |population = 0 |population_as_of = 2000 |country = [[United States]] |timezone1 = International Date Line West |utc_offset1 = −12:00 |country_admin_divisions_title = Status |country_admin_divisions = [[Territories of the United States|Unincorporated]] |footnotes = {{Infobox protected area | alt_name = '''Baker Island National Wildlife Refuge''' | iucn_category = Ia | designated = 1974 | child = yes | website = {{URL|https://www.fws.gov/refuge/baker-island}}}} }} ==ၽိုၼ်ဢိင်== {{Reflist}} 0qtma7z0vtd1i36pqwzmhfvir6qgypq 10 34115 112189 2025-06-13T09:15:19Z Saimawnkham 5 ၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈၼႃႈလိၵ်ႈဝႆႉ တင်း "{{ {{{1<noinclude>|country showdata</noinclude>}}} | alias = ၵုၼ်ပႄးၵႃႇ | flag alias = Flag of the United States.svg | flag alias-local = Flag of the United States.svg | size = {{{size|}}} | name = {{{name|}}} | variant = {{{variant|}}} <noinclude> | var1 = local | redir1 = ၵုၼ်ပႄးၵႃႇ | related1 = မိူင်းႁူမ်ႈတုမ် ဢမႄႇရိၵ </noinclude>..." 112189 wikitext text/x-wiki {{ {{{1<noinclude>|country showdata</noinclude>}}} | alias = ၵုၼ်ပႄးၵႃႇ | flag alias = Flag of the United States.svg | flag alias-local = Flag of the United States.svg | size = {{{size|}}} | name = {{{name|}}} | variant = {{{variant|}}} <noinclude> | var1 = local | redir1 = ၵုၼ်ပႄးၵႃႇ | related1 = မိူင်းႁူမ်ႈတုမ် ဢမႄႇရိၵ </noinclude> }}<noinclude> </noinclude> tnxcm6kd7dgqm9fluyhnevsyhkmi0ww 10 34116 112190 2025-06-13T09:15:50Z Saimawnkham 5 Redirected page to [[ထႅမ်းပလဵတ်ႉ:သဵၼ်ႈမၢႆ မိူင်း ၵုၼ်ပႄးၵႃႇ]] 112190 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[ထႅမ်းပလဵတ်ႉ:သဵၼ်ႈမၢႆ မိူင်း ၵုၼ်ပႄးၵႃႇ]] abs0aeoys9aymjxyts9rysbbme6ejk5