විකිපීඩියා:කෝපි කඩේ (miscellaneous)

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== Reusing references: Can we look over your shoulder? ==

''Apologies for writing in English.''

The Technical Wishes team at Wikimedia Deutschland is planning to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Reusing references|make reusing references easier]]. For our research, we are looking for wiki contributors willing to show us how they are interacting with references.

* The format will be a 1-hour video call, where you would share your screen. [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/User-research-into-Reusing-References-Sign-up-Form-2024/en/ More information here].
* Interviews can be conducted in English, German or Dutch.
* [[mw:WMDE_Engineering/Participate_in_UX_Activities#Compensation|Compensation is available]].
* Sessions will be held in January and February.
* [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/User-research-into-Reusing-References-Sign-up-Form-2024/en/ Sign up here if you are interested.]
* Please note that we probably won’t be able to have sessions with everyone who is interested. Our UX researcher will try to create a good balance of wiki contributors, e.g. in terms of wiki experience, tech experience, editing preferences, gender, disability and more. If you’re a fit, she will reach out to you to schedule an appointment.

We’re looking forward to seeing you, [[m:User:Thereza Mengs (WMDE)| Thereza Mengs (WMDE)]]
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== Do you use Wikidata in Wikimedia sibling projects? Tell us about your experiences ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English.''

Hello, the '''[[m:WD4WMP|Wikidata for Wikimedia Projects]]''' team at Wikimedia Deutschland would like to hear about your experiences using Wikidata in the sibling projects. If you are interested in sharing your opinion and insights, please consider signing up for an interview with us in this '''[https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/Wikidata-for-Wikimedia-Interviews Registration form]'''.&lt;br&gt; 
''Currently, we are only able to conduct interviews in English.''

The front page of the form has more details about what the conversation will be like, including how we would '''compensate''' you for your time.

For more information, visit our ''[[m:WD4WMP/AddIssue|project issue page]]'' where you can also share your experiences in written form, without an interview.&lt;br&gt;We look forward to speaking with you, [[m:User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|talk]]) 08:53, 5 January 2024 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Feminism and Folklore 2024 ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;center&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/center&gt;

Dear Wiki Community,

You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2023, to March 31, 2023 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia.
 
You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a generated list of suggested articles.
 
Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project:
# Create a page for the contest on the local wiki.
# Set up a campaign on '''CampWiz''' tool.
# Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes.
# Request local admins for site notice.
# Link the local page and the CampWiz link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|meta project page]].

This year, the Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced two new tools to enhance support for the campaign. These tools include the '''Article List Generator by Topic''' and '''CampWiz'''. The Article List Generator by Topic enables users to identify articles on the English Wikipedia that are not present in their native language Wikipedia. Users can customize their selection criteria, and the tool will present a table showcasing the missing articles along with suggested titles. Additionally, users have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Notably, the CampWiz tool will be employed for the project for the first time, empowering users to effectively host the project with a jury. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. [https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ '''Click here to access these tools''']

Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance.
 
We look forward to your immense coordination.
 
Thank you and Best wishes,

'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024 International Team]]'''

::::Stay connected [[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&amp;nbsp; [[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]

&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 07:26, 18 ජනවාරි 2024 (යූටීසී)

== Wiki Loves Folklore is back! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]

Dear Wiki Community,
You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|Wiki Loves Folklore 2024]]''' an international photography contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 31st''' of March.

You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&amp;campaign=wlf_2024 submitting] them in this commons contest.

You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language.

Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance. 

'''Kind regards,'''

'''Wiki loves Folklore International Team'''

-- [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 07:26, 18 ජනවාරි 2024 (යූටීසී)
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Vote on the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting opens}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello all,

I am reaching out to you today to announce that the voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) Charter is now open. Community members may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|cast their vote and provide comments about the charter via SecurePoll]] now through '''2 February 2024'''. Those of you who voiced your opinions during the development of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|UCoC Enforcement Guidelines]] will find this process familiar.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|current version of the U4C Charter]] is on Meta-wiki with translations available. 

Read the charter, go vote and share this note with others in your community. I can confidently say the U4C Building Committee looks forward to your participation.

On behalf of the UCoC Project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 18:08, 19 ජනවාරි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Last days to vote on the Charter for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting reminder}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello all,

I am reaching out to you today to remind you that the voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) charter will close on '''2 February 2024'''. Community members may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|cast their vote and provide comments about the charter via SecurePoll]]. Those of you who voiced your opinions during the development of the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|UCoC Enforcement Guidelines]] will find this process familiar.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|current version of the U4C charter]] is on Meta-wiki with translations available. 

Read the charter, go vote and share this note with others in your community. I can confidently say the U4C Building Committee looks forward to your participation.

On behalf of the UCoC Project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 17:00, 31 ජනවාරි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Announcing the results of the UCoC Coordinating Committee Charter ratification vote&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - results}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

Thank you everyone for following the progress of the Universal Code of Conduct. I am writing to you today to announce the outcome of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|ratification vote]] on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee Charter]]. 1746 contributors voted in this ratification vote with 1249 voters supporting the Charter and 420 voters not. The ratification vote process allowed for voters to provide comments about the Charter. 

A report of voting statistics and a summary of voter comments will be published on Meta-wiki in the coming weeks.

Please look forward to hearing about the next steps soon.

On behalf of the UCoC Project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 18:24, 12 පෙබරවාරි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2024: We are back! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:UCDM 2024 general.jpg|180px|right]]
{{int:please-translate}}

Hello, dear Wikipedians!&lt;br/&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the forth edition of writing challenge &quot;'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2024|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''&quot;, which lasts from 1st until 31st March 2024. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contribution in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes.&lt;br/&gt;

We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/UCDM 2024|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|ValentynNefedov (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; Report of the U4C Charter ratification and U4C Call for Candidates now available&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – call for candidates| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – call for candidates}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Hello all,

I am writing to you today with two important pieces of information. First, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Vote results|report of the comments from the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter ratification]] is now available. Secondly, the call for candidates for the U4C is open now through April 1, 2024.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members are invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Per the charter, there are 16 seats on the U4C: eight community-at-large seats and eight regional seats to ensure the U4C represents the diversity of the movement.

Read more and submit your application on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Meta-wiki]].

On behalf of the UCoC project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 16:25, 5 මාර්තු 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2024 Selection&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
: ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement| You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]]''
: ''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
Dear all,

This year, the term of 4 (four) Community- and Affiliate-selected Trustees on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees will come to an end [1]. The Board invites the whole movement to participate in this year’s selection process and vote to fill those seats.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|Elections Committee]] will oversee this process with support from Foundation staff [2]. The Board Governance Committee created a Board Selection Working Group from Trustees who cannot be candidates in the 2024 community- and affiliate-selected trustee selection process composed of Dariusz Jemielniak, Nataliia Tymkiv, Esra'a Al Shafei, Kathy Collins, and Shani Evenstein Sigalov [3]. The group is tasked with providing Board oversight for the 2024 trustee selection process, and for keeping the Board informed. More details on the roles of the Elections Committee, Board, and staff are here [4]. 

Here are the key planned dates:

*  May 2024: Call for candidates and call for questions
*  June 2024: Affiliates vote to shortlist 12 candidates (no shortlisting if 15 or less candidates apply) [5]
*  June-August 2024: Campaign period
*  End of August / beginning of September 2024: Two-week community voting period
*  October–November 2024: Background check of selected candidates
*  Board's Meeting in December 2024: New trustees seated

Learn more about the 2024 selection process - including the detailed timeline, the candidacy process, the campaign rules, and the voter eligibility criteria - on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|this Meta-wiki page]], and make your plan.

'''Election Volunteers'''

Another way to be involved with the 2024 selection process is to be an Election Volunteer. Election Volunteers are a bridge between the Elections Committee and their respective community. They help ensure their community is represented and mobilize them to vote. Learn more about the program and how to join on this [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Election Volunteers|Meta-wiki page]].

Best regards,

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Pundit|Dariusz Jemielniak]] (Governance Committee Chair, Board Selection Working Group)

[1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Results#Elected

[2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter

[3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Minutes:2023-08-15#Governance_Committee

[4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles

[5] Even though the ideal number is 12 candidates for 4 open seats, the shortlisting process will be triggered if there are more than 15 candidates because the 1-3 candidates that are removed might feel ostracized and it would be a lot of work for affiliates to carry out the shortlisting process to only eliminate 1-3 candidates from the candidate list.&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe_(WMF)|MPossoupe_(WMF)]]19:57, 12 මාර්තු 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Vote now to select members of the first U4C&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote opens}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

I am writing to you to let you know the voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is open now through May 9, 2024. Read the information on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|voting page on Meta-wiki]] to learn more about voting and voter eligibility.

The Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members were invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

On behalf of the UCoC project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 20:20, 25 අප්‍රේල් 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Sign up for the language community meeting on May 31st, 16:00 UTC&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;Hello all,

The next language community meeting is scheduled in a few weeks - May 31st at 16:00 UTC. If you're interested, you can [https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Language_engineering/Community_meetings#31_May_2024 sign up on this wiki page].

This is a participant-driven meeting, where we share language-specific updates related to various projects, collectively discuss technical issues related to language wikis, and work together to find possible solutions. For example, in the last meeting, the topics included the machine translation service (MinT) and the languages and models it currently supports, localization efforts from the Kiwix team, and technical challenges with numerical sorting in files used on Bengali Wikisource.

Do you have any ideas for topics to share technical updates related to your project? Any problems that you would like to bring for discussion during the meeting? Do you need interpretation support from English to another language? Please reach out to me at ssethi(__AT__)wikimedia.org and [[etherpad:p/language-community-meeting-may-2024|add agenda items to the document here]].

We look forward to your participation!
&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:22, 14 මැයි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; Feedback invited on Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle/Invitation for feedback (MM)|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle/Invitation for feedback (MM)}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

[[File:Sibling Project Lifecycle Conversation 3.png|150px|right|link=:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle]]

Dear community members,

The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee]] (CAC) of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]] invites you to give feedback on a '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle|draft Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle]]'''. This draft Procedure outlines proposed steps and requirements for opening and closing Wikimedia Sibling Projects, and aims to ensure any newly approved projects are set up for success. This is separate from the procedures for opening or closing language versions of projects, which is handled by the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language Committee]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Closing_projects_policy|closing projects policy]]. 

You can find the details on [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle#Review|this page]], as well as the ways to give your feedback from today until the end of the day on '''June 23, 2024''', anywhere on Earth. 

You can also share information about this with the interested project communities you work with or support, and you can also help us translate the procedure into more languages, so people can join the discussions in their own language.

On behalf of the CAC,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 02:26, 22 මැයි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Announcing the first Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – results}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Hello,

The scrutineers have finished reviewing the vote results. We are following up with the results of the first [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) election]]. 

We are pleased to announce the following individuals as regional members of the U4C, who will fulfill a two-year term:

* North America (USA and Canada)
** –
* Northern and Western Europe
** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Ghilt|Ghilt]]
* Latin America and Caribbean
** –
* Central and East Europe (CEE)
** —
* Sub-Saharan Africa
** –
* Middle East and North Africa
** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Ibrahim.ID|Ibrahim.ID]]
* East, South East Asia and Pacific (ESEAP)
** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:0xDeadbeef|0xDeadbeef]]
* South Asia
** –

The following individuals are elected to be community-at-large members of the U4C, fulfilling a one-year term:

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Barkeep49|Barkeep49]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Superpes15|Superpes15]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Civvì|Civvì]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Luke081515|Luke081515]]
* –
* –
* –
* –

Thank you again to everyone who participated in this process and much appreciation to the candidates for your leadership and dedication to the Wikimedia movement and community.

Over the next few weeks, the U4C will begin meeting and planning the 2024-25 year in supporting the implementation and review of the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines. Follow their work on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Meta-wiki]].

On behalf of the UCoC project team,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 08:15, 3 ජූනි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;The final text of the Wikimedia Movement Charter is now on Meta&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final draft available|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final draft available}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hi everyone,

The final text of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] is now up on Meta in more than 20 languages for your reading.

'''What is the Wikimedia Movement Charter?'''

The Wikimedia Movement Charter is a proposed document to define roles and responsibilities for all the members and entities of the Wikimedia movement, including the creation of a new body – the Global Council – for movement governance.

'''Join the Wikimedia Movement Charter “Launch Party”'''

Join the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Movement Charter Launch Party|“Launch Party”]] on '''June 20, 2024''' at '''14.00-15.00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1718892000 your local time]). During this call, we will celebrate the release of the final Charter and present the content of the Charter. Join and learn about the Charter before casting your vote.

'''Movement Charter ratification vote'''

Voting will commence on SecurePoll on '''June 25, 2024''' at '''00:01 UTC''' and will conclude on '''July 9, 2024''' at '''23:59 UTC.''' You can read more about the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting|voting process, eligibility criteria, and other details]] on Meta.

If you have any questions, please leave a comment on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement Charter|Meta talk page]] or email the MCDC at [mailto:mcdc@wikimedia.org mcdc@wikimedia.org].

On behalf of the MCDC,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 08:45, 11 ජූනි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Voting to ratify the Wikimedia Movement Charter is now open – cast your vote&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Ratification vote opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Ratification vote opens}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello everyone,

The voting to ratify the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|'''Wikimedia Movement Charter''']] is now open. The Wikimedia Movement Charter is a document to define roles and responsibilities for all the members and entities of the Wikimedia movement, including the creation of a new body – the Global Council – for movement governance.

The final version of the Wikimedia Movement Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|available on Meta in different languages]] and attached [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wikimedia_Movement_Charter_(June_2024).pdf here in PDF format] for your reading.

Voting commenced on SecurePoll on '''June 25, 2024''' at '''00:01 UTC''' and will conclude on '''July 9, 2024''' at '''23:59 UTC'''. Please read more on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting|voter information and eligibility details]].

After reading the Charter, please [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/398|'''vote here''']] and share this note further.

If you have any questions about the ratification vote, please contact the Charter Electoral Commission at [mailto:cec@wikimedia.org '''cec@wikimedia.org'''].

On behalf of the CEC,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 10:52, 25 ජූනි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Voting to ratify the Wikimedia Movement Charter is ending soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final reminder|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final reminder}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello everyone,

This is a kind reminder that the voting period to ratify the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] will be closed on '''July 9, 2024''', at '''23:59 UTC'''.

If you have not voted yet, please vote [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/398|on SecurePoll]]. 

On behalf of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Ratification/Voting#Electoral_Commission|Charter Electoral Commission]],&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 03:46, 8 ජූලි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;U4C Special Election - Call for Candidates&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – call for candidates|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – call for candidates}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Hello all,

A special election has been called to fill additional vacancies on the U4C. The call for candidates phase is open from now through July 19, 2024.

The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the [[:foundation:Wikimedia Foundation Universal Code of Conduct|UCoC]]. Community members are invited to submit their applications in the special election for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please review the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|U4C Charter]].

In this special election, according to [[Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter#2. Elections and Terms|chapter 2 of the U4C charter]], there are 9 seats available on the U4C: '''four''' community-at-large seats and '''five''' regional seats to ensure the U4C represents the diversity of the movement. [[Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter#5. Glossary|No more than two members of the U4C can be elected from the same home wiki]]. Therefore, candidates must not have English Wikipedia, German Wikipedia, or Italian Wikipedia as their home wiki.

Read more and submit your application on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|Meta-wiki]].

In cooperation with the U4C,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:03, 10 ජූලි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Wikimedia Movement Charter ratification voting results&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Results of the ratification vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Results of the ratification vote}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello everyone,

After carefully tallying both individual and affiliate votes, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting#Electoral Commission|Charter Electoral Commission]] is pleased to announce the final results of the Wikimedia Movement Charter voting.  

As [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement Charter#Thank you for your participation in the Movement Charter ratification vote!|communicated]] by the Charter Electoral Commission, we reached the quorum for both Affiliate and individual votes by the time the vote closed on '''July 9, 23:59 UTC'''. We thank all 2,451 individuals and 129 Affiliate representatives who voted in the ratification process. Your votes and comments are invaluable for the future steps in Movement Strategy.

The final results of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] ratification voting held between 25 June and 9 July 2024 are as follows: 

'''Individual vote:'''

Out of 2,451 individuals who voted as of July 9 23:59 (UTC), 2,446 have been accepted as valid votes. Among these, '''1,710''' voted “yes”; '''623''' voted “no”; and '''113''' selected “–” (neutral). Because the neutral votes don’t count towards the total number of votes cast, 73.30% voted to approve the Charter (1710/2333), while 26.70% voted to reject the Charter (623/2333).

'''Affiliates vote:'''

Out of 129 Affiliates designated voters who voted as of July 9 23:59 (UTC), 129 votes are confirmed as valid votes. Among these, '''93''' voted “yes”; '''18''' voted “no”; and '''18''' selected “–” (neutral). Because the neutral votes don’t count towards the total number of votes cast, 83.78% voted to approve the Charter (93/111), while 16.22% voted to reject the Charter (18/111).

'''Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation:'''

The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees voted '''not to ratify''' the proposed Charter during their special Board meeting on July 8, 2024. The Chair of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees, Nataliia Tymkiv, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/Board_resolution_and_vote_on_the_proposed_Movement_Charter|shared the result of the vote, the resolution, meeting minutes and proposed next steps]].  

With this, the Wikimedia Movement Charter in its current revision is '''not ratified'''.

We thank you for your participation in this important moment in our movement’s governance.

The Charter Electoral Commission,

[[m:User:Abhinav619|Abhinav619]], [[m:User:Borschts|Borschts]], [[m:User:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]], [[m:User:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]], [[m:User:Der-Wir-Ing|Der-Wir-Ing]]&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:52, 18 ජූලි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== වික්ෂනරි පරිපාලක ඡන්ද විමසීම ==

වික්ෂනරිය තුළ, නව පරිපාලක ඡන්ද විමසීම ගැන ඔබ දැනුවත් ද? 2024-07-31 දිනෙන් අවසන් වන ඡන්ද විමසීමක් මේ මොහොතේ දී ක්‍රියාත්මක වෙමින් පවතියි. ඔබට මෙම ව්‍යාපෘතිය තුළ ගිණුමක් පවතියි නම්, හැකි ඉක්මනින් ඡන්ද විමසීම් පිටුව වෙත යන්න.

* [[:wikt:si:වික්ෂනරි:පරිපාලකවරු#Lee]]

ඔබගේ සහාය හෝ විරුද්ධත්වය ප්‍රකාශ කරන්න. -- [[User:Lee|Lee]] ([[User talk:Lee|talk]]) 07:03, 24 ජූලි 2024 (යූටීසී)

:සිහි කැඳවීම: මෙම ඡන්ද විමසීම ක්‍රියාත්මක වන්නේ තව දින තුනක් (3) පමණි. -- [[User:Lee|Lee]] ([[User talk:Lee|talk]]) 03:47, 28 ජූලි 2024 (යූටීසී)

== විකිපොත් පරිපාලක ඡන්ද විමසීම ==

විකිපොත් තුළ, නව පරිපාලක ඡන්ද විමසීම ගැන ඔබ දැනුවත් ද? 2024-07-31 දිනෙන් අවසන් වන ඡන්ද විමසීමක් මේ මොහොතේ දී ක්‍රියාත්මක වෙමින් පවතියි. ඔබට මෙම ව්‍යාපෘතිය තුළ ගිණුමක් පවතියි නම්, හැකි ඉක්මනින් ඡන්ද විමසීම් පිටුව වෙත යන්න.

* [[:b:si:විකිපොත්:පරිපාලකවරු#Lee]]

ඔබගේ සහාය හෝ විරුද්ධත්වය ප්‍රකාශ කරන්න. -- [[User:Lee|Lee]] ([[User talk:Lee|talk]]) 03:25, 25 ජූලි 2024 (යූටීසී)

:සිහි කැඳවීම: මෙම ඡන්ද විමසීම ක්‍රියාත්මක වන්නේ තව දින තුනක් (3) පමණි. -- [[User:Lee|Lee]] ([[User talk:Lee|talk]]) 03:47, 28 ජූලි 2024 (යූටීසී)

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Vote now to fill vacancies of the first U4C&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – voting opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – voting opens}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

I am writing to you to let you know the voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is open now through '''August 10, 2024'''. Read the information on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|voting page on Meta-wiki]] to learn more about voting and voter eligibility.

The Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members were invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

In cooperation with the U4C,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 02:48, 27 ජූලි 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Reminder! Vote closing soon to fill vacancies of the first U4C&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – reminder to vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – reminder to vote}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

The voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is closing soon. It is open through 10 August 2024. Read the information on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024_Special_Election#Voting|the voting page on Meta-wiki to learn more about voting and voter eligibility]]. If you are eligible to vote and have not voted in this special election, it is important that you vote now.

'''Why should you vote?''' The U4C is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community input into the committee membership is critical to the success of the UCoC.

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

In cooperation with the U4C,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 15:31, 6 අගෝස්තු 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Coming soon: A new sub-referencing feature – try it!&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;Sub-referencing&quot;/&gt;
[[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|{{#ifeq:{{#dir}}|ltr|right|left}}|400px]]
Hello. For many years, community members have requested an easy way to re-use references with different details. Now, a MediaWiki solution is coming: The new sub-referencing feature will work for wikitext and Visual Editor and will enhance the existing reference system. You can continue to use different ways of referencing, but you will probably encounter sub-references in articles written by other users. More information on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|the project page]].

'''We want your feedback''' to make sure this feature works well for you:

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Test|Please try]] the current state of development on beta wiki and [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|let us know what you think]]. 
* [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Sign-up|Sign up here]] to get updates and/or invites to participate in user research activities.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]’s [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes]] team is planning to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We will reach out to creators/maintainers of tools and templates related to references beforehand.

Please help us spread the message. --[[m:User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]]) 10:36, 19 August 2024 (UTC)
&lt;section end=&quot;Sub-referencing&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Sign up for the language community meeting on August 30th, 15:00 UTC ==

Hi all,

The next language community meeting is scheduled in a few weeks—on August 30th at 15:00 UTC. If you're interested in joining, you can [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#30_August_2024 sign up on this wiki page].

This participant-driven meeting will focus on sharing language-specific updates related to various projects, discussing technical issues related to language wikis, and working together to find possible solutions. For example, in the last meeting, topics included the Language Converter, the state of language research, updates on the Incubator conversations, and technical challenges around external links not working with special characters on Bengali sites.

Do you have any ideas for topics to share technical updates or discuss challenges? Please add agenda items to the document [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/language-community-meeting-aug-2024 here] and reach out to ssethi(__AT__)wikimedia.org. We look forward to your participation!

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 23:19, 22 අගෝස්තු 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Announcing the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/board-elections@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/OKCCN2CANIH2K7DXJOL2GPVDFWL27R7C/ Original message at wikimedia-l]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement - results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement - results}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Hello all,

The scrutineers have finished reviewing the vote and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Elections Committee|Elections Committee]] have certified the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Results|results]] for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) special election]].

I am pleased to announce the following individual as regional members of the U4C, who will fulfill a term until 15 June 2026:

* North America (USA and Canada)
** Ajraddatz

The following seats were not filled during this special election:

* Latin America and Caribbean
* Central and East Europe (CEE)
* Sub-Saharan Africa
* South Asia
* The four remaining Community-At-Large seats

Thank you again to everyone who participated in this process and much appreciation to the candidates for your leadership and dedication to the Wikimedia movement and community.

Over the next few weeks, the U4C will begin meeting and planning the 2024-25 year in supporting the implementation and review of the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines. You can follow their work on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Meta-Wiki]].

On behalf of the U4C and the Elections Committee,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 14:06, 2 සැප්තැම්බර් 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Have your say: Vote for the 2024 Board of Trustees!&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Hello all,

The voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|2024 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. There are twelve (12) candidates running for four (4) seats on the Board.

Learn more about the candidates by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Candidates|reading their statements]] and their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Questions_for_candidates|answers to community questions]].

When you are ready, go to the [[Special:SecurePoll/vote/400|SecurePoll]] voting page to vote. '''The vote is open from September 3rd at 00:00 UTC to September 17th at 23:59 UTC'''.

To check your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Voter_eligibility_guidelines|voter eligibility page]].

Best regards,

The Elections Committee and Board Selection Working Group&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 12:14, 3 සැප්තැම්බර් 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== 'Wikidata item' link is moving. Find out where... ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Apologies for cross-posting in English. Please consider translating this message.&lt;/i&gt;{{tracked|T66315}}

Hello everyone, a small change will soon be coming to the user-interface of your Wikimedia project.
The [[d:Q16222597|Wikidata item]] [[w:|sitelink]] currently found under the &lt;span style=&quot;color: #54595d;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;''General''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt; section of the '''Tools''' sidebar menu will move into the &lt;span style=&quot;color: #54595d;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;''In Other Projects''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt; section.

We would like the Wiki communities feedback so please let us know or ask questions on the   [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|Discussion page]] before we enable the change which can take place October 4 2024, circa 15:00 UTC+2.
More information can be found on [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|the project page]].&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;We welcome your feedback and questions.&lt;br&gt; [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 18:58, 27 සැප්තැම්බර් 2024 (යූටීසී)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Preliminary results of the 2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees elections&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Hello all,

Thank you to everyone who participated in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|2024 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees election]]. Close to 6000 community members from more than 180 wiki projects have voted.

The following four candidates were the most voted:

# [[User:Kritzolina|Christel Steigenberger]]
# [[User:Nadzik|Maciej Artur Nadzikiewicz]]
# [[User:Victoria|Victoria Doronina]]
# [[User:Laurentius|Lorenzo Losa]]

While these candidates have been ranked through the vote, they still need to be appointed to the Board of Trustees. They need to pass a successful background check and meet the qualifications outlined in the Bylaws. New trustees will be appointed at the next Board meeting in December 2024.

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Results|Learn more about the results on Meta-Wiki.]]

Best regards,

The Elections Committee and Board Selection Working Group

&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe_(WMF)|MPossoupe_(WMF)]] 08:25, 14 ඔක්තෝබර් 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Seeking volunteers to join several of the movement’s committees&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Each year, typically from October through December, several of the movement’s committees seek new volunteers. 

Read more about the committees on their Meta-wiki pages:
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|Affiliations Committee (AffCom)]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds_commission|Ombuds commission (OC)]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Case Review Committee (CRC)]]

Applications for the committees open on 16 October 2024. Applications for the Affiliations Committee close on 18 November 2024, and applications for the Ombuds commission and the Case Review Committee close on 2 December 2024. Learn how to apply by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation/Legal/Committee_appointments|visiting the appointment page on Meta-wiki]]. Post to the talk page or email [mailto:cst@wikimedia.org cst@wikimedia.org] with any questions you may have.

For the Committee Support team,
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:08, 16 ඔක්තෝබර් 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== 'Wikidata item' link is moving, finally. ==

Hello everyone, I previously wrote on the 27th September to advise that the ''Wikidata item'' sitelink will change places in the sidebar menu, moving from the '''General''' section into the '''In Other Projects''' section. The scheduled rollout date of 04.10.2024 was delayed due to a necessary request for Mobile/MinervaNeue skin. I am happy to inform that the global rollout can now proceed and will occur later today, 22.10.2024 at 15:00 UTC-2. [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|Please let us know]] if you notice any problems or bugs after this change. There should be no need for null-edits or purging cache for the changes to occur. Kind regards, -[[m:User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] 11:29, 22 ඔක්තෝබර් 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== Sign up for the language community meeting on November 29th, 16:00 UTC ==

Hello everyone,

The next language community meeting is coming up next week, on November 29th, at 16:00 UTC (Zonestamp! For your timezone &lt;https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1732896000&gt;). If you're interested in joining, you can sign up on this wiki page: &lt;https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#29_November_2024&gt;.

This participant-driven meeting will be organized by the Wikimedia Foundation’s Language Product Localization team and the Language Diversity Hub. There will be presentations on topics like developing language keyboards, the creation of the Moore Wikipedia, and the language support track at Wiki Indaba. We will also have members from the Wayuunaiki community joining us to share their experiences with the Incubator and as a new community within our movement. This meeting will have a Spanish interpretation.

Looking forward to seeing you at the language community meeting! Cheers, [[User:SSethi (WMF)|Srishti]] 19:54, 21 නොවැම්බර් 2024 (යූටීසී)
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== Proposal to enable the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in Sinhalese Wikipedia ==

{{Int:Hello}} Sinhalese Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language. {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|WMF Language and Product Localization]] team proposes enabling an entry point called &quot;Contribute&quot; to your Wikipedia.

The [[:bn:বিশেষ:Contribute|Contribute]] entry point is based on collaborative work with other product teams in the Wikimedia Foundation on [[mediawikiwiki:Edit_Discovery|Edit discovery]], which validated the entry point as a persistent and constant path that contributors took to discover ways to contribute content in Wikipedia.

Therefore, enabling this entry point in your Wikipedia will help contributors quickly discover available tools and immediately click to start using them. This entry point is designed to be a central point for discovering contribution tools in Sinhalese Wikipedia.

'''Who can access it'''

Once it is enabled in your Wikipedia, newcomers can access the entry point automatically by just logging into their account, click on the User drop-down menu and choose the &quot;Contribute&quot; icon, which takes you to another menu where you will find a self-guided description of what you can do to contribute content, as shown in the image below. An option to &quot;view contributions&quot; is also available to access the list of your contributions.

[[ගොනුව:Mobile_Contribute_Page.png|Mobile Contribute Page]]                             [[ගොනුව:Mobile_contribute_menu_(detailed).png|Mobile contribute menu (detailed)]]

For experienced contributors, the Contribute icon is not automatically shown in their User drop-down menu. They will still see the &quot;Contributions&quot; option unless they change it to the &quot;Contribute&quot; manually.

This feature is available in four Wikipedia (Albanian, Malayalam, Mongolian, and Tagalog). We have gotten valuable feedback that helped us improve its discoverability. Now, it is ready to be enabled in other Wikis. One major improvement was to [[phab:T369041|make the entry point optional for experienced contributors]] who still want to have the &quot;Contributions&quot; entry point as default.          

We plan to enable it '''on mobile''' for Wikis, where the Section translation tool is enabled. In this way, we will provide a main entry point to the mobile translation dashboard, and the exposure can still be limited by targeting only the mobile platform for now. If there are no objections to having the entry point for mobile users from your community, we will enable it by 10th December 2024.

We welcome your feedback and questions in this thread on our proposal to enable it here. Suppose there are no objections, we will deploy the &quot;Contribute&quot; entry point in your Wikipedia.

We look forward to your response soon.

Thank you!

On behalf of the WMF Language and Product Localization team. [[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 04:18, 28 නොවැම්බර් 2024 (යූටීසී)

== Invitation to Participate in the Wikimedia SAARC Conference Community Engagement Survey ==

Dear Community Members,

I hope this message finds you well. Please excuse the use of English; we encourage translations into your local languages to ensure inclusivity.

We are conducting a Community Engagement Survey to assess the sentiments, needs, and interests of South Asian Wikimedia communities in organizing the inaugural Wikimedia SAARC Regional Conference, proposed to be held in Kathmandu, Nepal.

This initiative aims to bring together participants from eight nations to collaborate towards shared goals. Your insights will play a vital role in shaping the event's focus, identifying priorities, and guiding the strategic planning for this landmark conference.

Survey Link: https://forms.gle/en8qSuCvaSxQVD7K6

We kindly request you to dedicate a few moments to complete the survey. Your feedback will significantly contribute to ensuring this conference addresses the community's needs and aspirations.

Deadline to Submit the Survey: 20 January 2025

Your participation is crucial in shaping the future of the Wikimedia SAARC community and fostering regional collaboration. Thank you for your time and valuable input.

Warm regards,&lt;br&gt;
[[:m:User:Biplab Anand|Biplab Anand]]
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== Enabling Dark mode for logged-out users in this Wikipedia ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:Hello}} Wikipedians,

Apologies, as this message is not written in your native language. {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Reading/Web|Wikimedia Foundation Web team]] will be enabling [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading|dark mode]] here on your Wikipedia by February 2025 now that pages on your wiki have passed our checks for accessibility and other quality checks. Congratulations!

The plan to enable is made possible by the diligent work of editors and other technical contributors in your community who ensured that templates, gadgets, and other parts of pages can be accessible in dark mode. Thank you all for making dark mode available for everybody!

For context, the Web team has concluded work on dark mode. If, on some wikis, the option is not yet available for logged-out users, this is likely because many pages do not yet display well in dark mode. As communities make progress on this work, we enable this feature on additional wikis once per month.

If you notice any issues after enabling dark mode, please create a page: &lt;code&gt;Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Reporting/xx.wikipedia.org&lt;/code&gt; in MediaWiki ([[mediawikiwiki:Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading/Reporting|like these pages]]), and report the issue in the created page.

Thank you!

On behalf of the [[mediawikiwiki:Reading/Web|Wikimedia Foundation Web team]].
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:15, 21 ජනවාරි 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== Universal Code of Conduct annual review: provide your comments on the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
My apologies for writing in English.
{{Int:Please-translate}}.

I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 3 February 2025. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review.
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 01:11, 24 ජනවාරි 2025 (යූටීසී)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Feminism and Folklore 2025 starts soon ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2025 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;center&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/center&gt;

Dear Wiki Community,

You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|Feminism and Folklore 2025]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2025, to March 31, 2025 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia.
 
You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a generated list of suggested articles.
 
Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project:
# Create a page for the contest on the local wiki.
# Set up a campaign on '''CampWiz''' tool.
# Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes.
# Request local admins for site notice.
# Link the local page and the CampWiz link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025/Project Page|meta project page]].

This year, the Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced two new tools to enhance support for the campaign. These tools include the '''Article List Generator by Topic''' and '''CampWiz'''. The Article List Generator by Topic enables users to identify articles on the English Wikipedia that are not present in their native language Wikipedia. Users can customize their selection criteria, and the tool will present a table showcasing the missing articles along with suggested titles. Additionally, users have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Notably, the CampWiz tool will be employed for the project for the first time, empowering users to effectively host the project with a jury. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. [https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ '''Click here to access these tools''']

Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2025/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance.
 
We look forward to your immense coordination.
 
Thank you and Best wishes,

'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2025|Feminism and Folklore 2025 International Team]]'''

::::Stay connected [[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&amp;nbsp; [[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]

&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:36, 29 ජනවාරි 2025 (යූටීසී)

== Wiki Loves Folklore is back! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]

Dear Wiki Community,
You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|Wiki Loves Folklore 2025]]''' an international media contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 31st''' of March.

You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&amp;campaign=wlf_2025 submitting] them in this commons contest.

You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language.

Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2025|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance. 

'''Kind regards,'''

'''Wiki loves Folklore International Team'''
--[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 02:36, 29 ජනවාරි 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== Reminder: first part of the annual UCoC review closes soon ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
My apologies for writing in English.
{{Int:Please-translate}}.

This is a reminder that the first phase of the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines will be closing soon. You can make suggestions for changes through [[d:Q614092|the end of day]], 3 February 2025. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review.
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]]. After review of the feedback, proposals for updated text will be published on Meta in March for another round of community review. 

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:48, 3 පෙබරවාරි 2025 (යූටීසී)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt; Upcoming Language Community Meeting (Feb 28th, 14:00 UTC) and Newsletter&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
Hello everyone!
[[File:WP20Symbols WIKI INCUBATOR.svg|right|frameless|150x150px|alt=An image symbolising multiple languages]]
We’re excited to announce that the next '''Language Community Meeting''' is happening soon, '''February 28th at 14:00 UTC'''! If you’d like to join, simply sign up on the '''[[mw:Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#28_February_2025|wiki page]]'''.

This is a participant-driven meeting where we share updates on language-related projects, discuss technical challenges in language wikis, and collaborate on solutions. In our last meeting, we covered topics like developing language keyboards, creating the Moore Wikipedia, and updates from the language support track at Wiki Indaba.

'''Got a topic to share?''' Whether it’s a technical update from your project, a challenge you need help with, or a request for interpretation support, we’d love to hear from you! Feel free to '''reply to this message''' or add agenda items to the document '''[[etherpad:p/language-community-meeting-feb-2025|here]]'''.

Also, we wanted to highlight that the sixth edition of the Language &amp; Internationalization newsletter (January 2025) is available here: [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January|Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January]]. This newsletter provides updates from the October–December 2024 quarter on new feature development, improvements in various language-related technical projects and support efforts, details about community meetings, and ideas for contributing to projects. To stay updated, you can subscribe to the newsletter on its wiki page: [[:mw:Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter|Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter]].

We look forward to your ideas and participation at the language community meeting, see you there!
&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 08:29, 22 පෙබරවාරි 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== Universal Code of Conduct annual review: proposed changes are available for comment ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
My apologies for writing in English.
{{Int:Please-translate}}.

I am writing to you to let you know that [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/Proposed_Changes|proposed changes]] to the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC) Enforcement Guidelines]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter]] are open for review. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/Proposed_Changes|You can provide feedback on suggested changes]]''' through the [[d:Q614092|end of day]] on Tuesday, 18 March 2025. This is the second step in the annual review process, the final step will be community voting on the proposed changes.
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review|Read more information and find relevant links about the process on the UCoC annual review page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] 18:51, 7 මාර්තු 2025 (යූටීසී)

&lt;/div&gt;
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== An improved dashboard for the Content Translation tool ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
{{Int:hello}} Wikipedians,

Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{Int:please-translate}}.

The [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization|Language and Product Localization team]] has improved the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en&amp;to=es Content Translation dashboard] to create a consistent experience for all contributors using mobile and desktop devices. The improved translation dashboard allows all logged-in users of the tool to enjoy a consistent experience regardless of their type of device.

With a harmonized experience, logged-in desktop users now have access to the capabilities shown in the image below.
[[file:Content_Translation_new-dashboard.png|alt=|center|thumb|576x576px|Notice that in this screenshot, the new dashboard allows: Users to adjust suggestions with the &quot;For you&quot; and &quot;...More&quot; buttons to select general topics or community-created collections (like the example of Climate topic).  Also, users can use translation to create new articles (as before) and expand existing articles section by section. You can see how suggestions are provided in the new dashboard  in two groups (&quot;Create new pages&quot; and &quot;Expand with new sections&quot;)-one for each activity.]]
[[File:Content_Translation_dashboard_on_desktop.png|alt=|center|thumb|577x577px|In the current dashboard, you will notice that you can't adjust suggestions to select topics or community-created collections. Also, you can't expand on existing articles by translating new sections.]]
We will implement [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation#Improved translation experience|this improvement]] on your wiki '''on Monday, March 17th, 2025''' and remove the current dashboard '''by May 2025'''.
Please reach out with any questions concerning the dashboard in this thread. 

Thank you!

On behalf of the Language and Product Localization team.
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:56, 13 මාර්තු 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== Final proposed modifications to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter now posted ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
The proposed modifications to the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines]] and the U4C Charter [[m:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Proposed_Changes|are now on Meta-wiki for community notice]] in advance of the voting period. This final draft was developed from the previous two rounds of community review. Community members will be able to vote on these modifications starting on 17 April 2025. The vote will close on 1 May 2025, and results will be announced no later than 12 May 2025. The U4C election period, starting with a call for candidates, will open immediately following the announcement of the review results. More information will be posted on [[m:Special:MyLanguage//Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election|the wiki page for the election]] soon.

Please be advised that this process will require more messages to be sent here over the next two months. 

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 02:04, 4 අප්‍රේල් 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025: Invitation ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:UCDM 2025 general.png|180px|right]]
{{int:please-translate}}

Hello, dear Wikipedians!&lt;br/&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the fifth edition of writing challenge &quot;'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''&quot;, which lasts from '''14th April''' until '''16th May 2025'''. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design, and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contributions in every language! 

The most active contesters will receive prizes.

If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.
&lt;br/&gt;

We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2025|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt;

16:11, 16 අප්‍රේල් 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== Vote now on the revised UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines (&quot;UCoC EG&quot;) and the UCoC's Coordinating Committee Charter is open now through the end of 1 May (UTC) ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Annual_review/2025/Voter_information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review of the EG and Charter was planned and implemented by the U4C. Further information will be provided in the coming months about the review of the UCoC itself. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

In cooperation with the U4C -- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 00:34, 17 අප්‍රේල් 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== Sub-referencing: User testing ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|400px|right]]
&lt;small&gt;''Apologies for writing in English, please help us by providing a translation below''&lt;/small&gt;

Hi I’m Johannes from [[:m:Wikimedia Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland]]'s [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes|Technical Wishes team]]. We are making great strides with the new [[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]] and we’d love to invite you to take part in two activities to help us move this work further:

#'''Try it out and share your feedback'''
#:[[:m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing# Test the prototype|Please try]] the updated ''wikitext'' feature [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on the beta wiki] and let us know what you think, either [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|on our talk page]] or by [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/talktotechwish booking a call] with our UX researcher. 
#'''Get a sneak peak and help shape the ''Visual Editor'' user designs'''
#:Help us test the new design prototypes by participating in user sessions – [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/gxk0taud/apply sign up here to receive an invite]. We're especially hoping to speak with people from underrepresented and diverse groups. If that's you, please consider signing up! No prior or extensive editing experience is required. User sessions will start ''May 14th''.

We plan to bring this feature to Wikimedia wikis later this year. We’ll reach out to wikis for piloting in time for deployments. Creators and maintainers of reference-related tools and templates will be contacted beforehand as well.

Thank you very much for your support and encouragement so far in helping bring this feature to life! &lt;/div&gt; &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]])&lt;/bdi&gt; 15:03, 28 අප්‍රේල් 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Vote on proposed modifications to the UCoC Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
The voting period for the revisions to the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and U4C Charter closes on 1 May 2025 at 23:59 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1746162000 find in your time zone]). [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025/Voter information|Read the information on how to participate and read over the proposal before voting]] on the UCoC page on Meta-wiki.

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)]] is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, you may [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this message with members of your community in your language, as appropriate, so they can participate as well.

In cooperation with the U4C -- &lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 03:41, 29 අප්‍රේල් 2025 (යූටීසී)&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Call for Candidates for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C)&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
The results of voting on the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines and Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) Charter is [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2025#Results|available on Meta-wiki]].

You may now [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025/Candidates|submit your candidacy to serve on the U4C]] through 29 May 2025 at 12:00 UTC. Information about [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|eligibility, process, and the timeline are on Meta-wiki]]. Voting on candidates will open on 1 June 2025 and run for two weeks, closing on 15 June 2025 at 12:00 UTC.

If you have any questions, you can ask on [[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2025|the discussion page for the election]]. -- in cooperation with the U4C, &lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User_talk:Keegan (WMF)|සාකච්ඡාව]])&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:07, 15 මැයි 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== RfC ongoing regarding Abstract Wikipedia (and your project) ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''(Apologies for posting in English, if this is not your first language)''

Hello all! We opened a discussion on Meta about a very delicate issue for the development of [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]]: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. Since some of the hypothesis involve your project, we wanted to hear your thoughts too. 

We want to make the decision process clear: we do not yet know which option we want to use, which is why we are consulting here. We will take the arguments from the Wikimedia communities into account, and we want to consult with the different communities and hear arguments that will help us with the decision. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation.

You can read the various hypothesis and have your say at [[:m:Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]]. Thank you in advance! -- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|&lt;span class=&quot;signature-talk&quot;&gt;{{int:Talkpagelinktext}}&lt;/span&gt;]]) 15:27, 22 මැයි 2025 (යූටීසී)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 Selection &amp; Call for Questions&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

This year, the term of 2 (two) Community- and Affiliate-selected Trustees on the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees will come to an end [1]. The Board invites the whole movement to participate in this year’s selection process and vote to fill those seats.

The Elections Committee will oversee this process with support from Foundation staff [2]. The Governance Committee, composed of trustees who are not candidates in the 2025 community-and-affiliate-selected trustee selection process (Raju Narisetti, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, Lorenzo Losa, Kathy Collins, Victoria Doronina and Esra’a Al Shafei) [3], is tasked with providing Board oversight for the 2025 trustee selection process and for keeping the Board informed. More details on the roles of the Elections Committee, Board, and staff are here [4].

Here are the key planned dates:

* May 22 – June 5: Announcement (this communication) and call for questions period [6]
* June 17 – July 1, 2025: Call for candidates
* July 2025: If needed, affiliates vote to shortlist candidates if more than 10 apply [5]
* August 2025: Campaign period
* August – September 2025: Two-week community voting period
* October – November 2025: Background check of selected candidates
* Board’s Meeting in December 2025: New trustees seated

Learn more about the 2025 selection process - including the detailed timeline, the candidacy process, the campaign rules, and the voter eligibility criteria - on this Meta-wiki page [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025|[link]]].

'''Call for Questions'''

In each selection process, the community has the opportunity to submit questions for the Board of Trustees candidates to answer. The Election Committee selects questions from the list developed by the community for the candidates to answer. Candidates must answer all the required questions in the application in order to be eligible; otherwise their application will be disqualified. This year, the Election Committee will select 5 questions for the candidates to answer. The selected questions may be a combination of what’s been submitted from the community, if they’re alike or related. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates|[link]]]

'''Election Volunteers'''

Another way to be involved with the 2025 selection process is to be an Election Volunteer. Election Volunteers are a bridge between the Elections Committee and their respective community. They help ensure their community is represented and mobilize them to vote. Learn more about the program and how to join on this Meta-wiki page [[m:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Election_volunteers|[link].]]

Thank you!

[1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2022/Results

[2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter

[3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Resolution:Committee_Membership,_December_2024

[4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles

[5] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/FAQ

[6] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Questions_for_candidates

Best regards,

Victoria Doronina

Board Liaison to the Elections Committee

Governance Committee&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 03:08, 28 මැයි 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;  Upcoming Deployment of the CampaignEvents Extension&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
Hello everyone,  

''(Apologies for posting in English if English is not your first language. Please help translate to your language.)''

The Campaigns Product Team is planning a global deployment of the '''[[:mw:Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]]''' to all Wikipedias, including this wiki, during the '''week of June 23rd'''.

This extension is designed to help organizers plan and manage events, WikiProjects, and other on-wiki collaborations - and to make these efforts more discoverable.

The three main features of this extension are:

* '''[[:m:Event_Center/Registration|Event Registration]]''': A simple way to sign up for events on the wiki.
*  '''[[:m:CampaignEvents/Collaboration_list|Collaboration List]]''': A global list of events and a local list of WikiProjects, accessible at '''[[:m:Special:AllEvents|Special:AllEvents]]'''.
*  '''[[:m:Campaigns/Foundation_Product_Team/Invitation_list|Invitation Lists]]''': A tool to help organizers find editors who might want to join, based on their past contributions.

'''Note''': The extension comes with a new user right called '''&quot;Event Organizer&quot;''', which will be managed by administrators on this wiki. Organizer tools like Event Registration and Invitation Lists will only work if someone is granted this right. The Collaboration List is available to everyone immediately after deployment.

The extension is already live on several wikis, including '''Meta, Wikidata, English Wikipedia''', and more ( [[m:CampaignEvents/Deployment_status#Current_Deployment_Status_for_CampaignEvents_extension| See the full deployment list]])

If you have any questions, concerns, or feedback, please feel free to share them on the [[m:Talk:CampaignEvents| extension talkpage]]. We’d love to hear from you before the rollout.

Thank you! &lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:Udehb-WMF|Udehb-WMF]] ([[User talk:Udehb-WMF|සාකච්ඡාව]]) 16:47, 29 මැයි 2025 (යූටීසී)&lt;/bdi&gt;
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== Help needed with translating User Interface message strings ==

Hello Wikimedians

I hope this message finds you well! We have some User Interface message strings that need your help to be translated into Sinhala. Right now, they're at 0 percent, and it would be fantastic to get them fully localized.

@[[පරිශීලක:BuddhikaW88|BuddhikaW88]], @[[පරිශීලක:IDB.S|IDB.S]] and @[[පරිශීලක:Lee|Lee]], thank you for all your contributions in this Wikipedia. Maybe you are interested in volunteering to translate the message strings, and anyone else interested in jumping in and lending a hand. Below is the link for the message strings on translatewiki:

* [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=ext-contenttranslation-automatic-translation&amp;language=si&amp;filter=%21translated&amp;action=translate https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=ext-contenttranslation-automatic-translation&amp;language=el&amp;filter=%21translated&amp;action=translate]

If you haven’t used [https://translatewiki.net/ translatewiki.net] before, no worries! Here’s what you need:

* A good grasp of both English and Sinhala.
* A TranslateWiki account (your wiki account won’t work here, but you can easily create one with your existing Wiki details, so you don’t have to remember anything new).
* A willingness to follow some simple instructions!

Once you’ve got your account set up, you’ll need to translate a few random messages for the site to authenticate your knowledge of the language. After that, you can dive right into the translations using the links above.

Thanks so much for helping! If you have any questions or need help, let me know.

[[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 06:34, 7 ජූනි 2025 (යූටීසී)

:Last time I tried working with translatewiki, it was 2021-04-08, and I couldn't do it. I asked for help in my talk page, but nobody was there. -- [[User:Lee|Lee]] ([[User talk:Lee|talk]]) 06:39, 7 ජූනි 2025 (යූටීසී)
::Sorry about not getting the help you needed to get started. You can check out [[mediawikiwiki:Help:Extension:Translate/Translation_example|this resource]] and see if it will help. You can also ask a specific person, User: BuddhikaW88, for help directly. Thank you! [[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 23:21, 9 ජූනි 2025 (යූටීසී)
:::Thanks. I'll try one more time then. -- [[User:Lee|Lee]] ([[User talk:Lee|talk]]) 06:21, 10 ජූනි 2025 (යූටීසී)
:Thank you so much, @[[පරිශීලක:BuddhikaW88|BuddhikaW88]]! I truly appreciate your swift work on this. [[:el:Χρήστης:UOzurumba_(WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] [[User:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[User talk:UOzurumba (WMF)|talk]]) 23:23, 9 ජූනි 2025 (යූටීසී)

== Vote now in the 2025 U4C Election ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies for writing in English.
{{Int:Please-translate}}

Eligible voters are asked to participate in the 2025 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] election. More information–including an eligibility check, voting process information, candidate information, and a link to the vote–are available on Meta at the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2025|2025 Election information page]]. The vote closes on 17 June 2025 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1750161600 12:00 UTC].

Please vote if your account is eligible. Results will be available by 1 July 2025. -- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 23:01, 13 ජූනි 2025 (යූටීසී) &lt;/div&gt;
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees 2025 - Call for Candidates&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Announcement/Call for candidates}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;
Hello all,

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|call for candidates for the 2025 Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees selection is now open]] from June 17, 2025 – July 2, 2025 at 11:59 UTC [1]. The Board of Trustees oversees the Wikimedia Foundation's work, and each Trustee serves a three-year term [2]. This is a volunteer position.

This year, the Wikimedia community will vote in late August through September 2025 to fill two (2) seats on the Foundation Board. Could you – or someone you know – be a good fit to join the Wikimedia Foundation's Board of Trustees? [3]

Learn more about what it takes to stand for these leadership positions and how to submit your candidacy on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidate application|this Meta-wiki page]] or encourage someone else to run in this year's election.

Best regards,

Abhishek Suryawanshi&lt;br /&gt;
Chair of the Elections Committee

On behalf of the Elections Committee and Governance Committee

[1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Call_for_candidates

[2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Bylaws#(B)_Term.

[3] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2025/Resources_for_candidates&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:44, 17 ජූනි 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Sister Projects Task Force reviews Wikispore and Wikinews&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
Dear Wikimedia Community,

The [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee (CAC)]]  of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees assigned [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Sister Projects Task Force|the Sister Projects Task Force (SPTF)]] to update and implement a procedure for assessing the lifecycle of Sister Projects – wiki [[m:Wikimedia projects|projects supported by Wikimedia Foundation (WMF)]].

A vision of relevant, accessible, and impactful free knowledge has always guided the Wikimedia Movement. As the ecosystem of Wikimedia projects continues to evolve, it is crucial that we periodically review existing projects to ensure they still align with our goals and community capacity.

Despite their noble intent, some projects may no longer effectively serve their original purpose. '''Reviewing such projects is not about giving up – it's about responsible stewardship of shared resources'''. Volunteer time, staff support, infrastructure, and community attention are finite, and the non-technical costs tend to grow significantly as our ecosystem has entered a different age of the internet than the one we were founded in. Supporting inactive projects or projects that didn't meet our ambitions can unintentionally divert these resources from areas with more potential impact.

Moreover, maintaining projects that no longer reflect the quality and reliability of the Wikimedia name stands for, involves a reputational risk. An abandoned or less reliable project affects trust in the Wikimedia movement.

Lastly, '''failing to sunset or reimagine projects that are no longer working can make it much harder to start new ones'''. When the community feels bound to every past decision – no matter how outdated – we risk stagnation. A healthy ecosystem must allow for evolution, adaptation, and, when necessary, letting go. If we create the expectation that every project must exist indefinitely, we limit our ability to experiment and innovate.

Because of this, SPTF reviewed two requests concerning the lifecycle of the Sister Projects to work through and demonstrate the review process. We chose Wikispore as a case study for a possible new Sister Project opening and Wikinews as a case study for a review of an existing project. Preliminary findings were discussed with the CAC, and a community consultation on both proposals was recommended.

=== Wikispore ===

The [[m:Wikispore|application to consider Wikispore]] was submitted in 2019. SPTF decided to review this request in more depth because rather than being concentrated on a specific topic, as most of the proposals for the new Sister Projects are, Wikispore has the potential to nurture multiple start-up Sister Projects.

After careful consideration, the SPTF has decided '''not to recommend''' Wikispore as a Wikimedia Sister Project. Considering the current activity level, the current arrangement allows '''better flexibility''' and experimentation while WMF provides core infrastructural support. 

We acknowledge the initiative's potential and seek community input on what would constitute a sufficient level of activity and engagement to reconsider its status in the future.

As part of the process, we shared the decision with the Wikispore community and invited one of its leaders, Pharos, to an SPTF meeting.

Currently, we especially invite feedback on measurable criteria indicating the project's readiness, such as contributor numbers, content volume, and sustained community support. This would clarify the criteria sufficient for opening a new Sister Project, including possible future Wikispore re-application. However, the numbers will always be a guide because any number can be gamed.

=== Wikinews ===

We chose to review Wikinews among existing Sister Projects because it is the one for which we have observed the highest level of concern in multiple ways.

Since the SPTF was convened in 2023, its members have asked for the community's opinions during conferences and community calls about Sister Projects that did not fulfil their promise in the Wikimedia movement.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCNA_2024._Sister_Projects_-_opening%3F_closing%3F_merging%3F_splitting%3F.pdf &lt;nowiki&gt;[1]&lt;/nowiki&gt;][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_Community_Affairs_Committee/Sister_Projects_Task_Force#Wikimania_2023_session_%22Sister_Projects:_past,_present_and_the_glorious_future%22 &lt;nowiki&gt;[2]&lt;/nowiki&gt;][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F &lt;nowiki&gt;[3]&lt;/nowiki&gt;] Wikinews was the leading candidate for an evaluation because people from multiple language communities proposed it. Additionally, by most measures, it is the least active Sister Project, with the greatest drop in activity over the years.

While the Language Committee routinely opens and closes language versions of the Sister Projects in small languages, there has never been a valid proposal to close Wikipedia in major languages or any project in English. This is not true for Wikinews, where there was a proposal to close English Wikinews, which gained some traction but did not result in any action[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_closing_projects/Closure_of_English_Wikinews &lt;nowiki&gt;[4]&lt;/nowiki&gt;][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiConvention_francophone/2024/Programme/Quelle_proc%C3%A9dure_pour_ouvrir_ou_fermer_un_projet_%3F &lt;nowiki&gt;[5]&lt;/nowiki&gt;, see section 5] as well as a draft proposal to close all languages of Wikinews[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Proposals_for_closing_projects/Archive_2#Close_Wikinews_completely,_all_languages? &lt;nowiki&gt;[6]&lt;/nowiki&gt;].

[[:c:File:Sister Projects Taskforce Wikinews review 2024.pdf|Initial metrics]] compiled by WMF staff also support the community's concerns about Wikinews.

Based on this report, SPTF recommends a community reevaluation of Wikinews. We conclude that its current structure and activity levels are the lowest among the existing sister projects. SPTF also recommends pausing the opening of new language editions while the consultation runs.

SPTF brings this analysis to a discussion and welcomes discussions of alternative outcomes, including potential restructuring efforts or integration with other Wikimedia initiatives.

'''Options''' mentioned so far (which might be applied to just low-activity languages or all languages) include but are not limited to:
*Restructure how Wikinews works and is linked to other current events efforts on the projects,
*Merge the content of Wikinews into the relevant language Wikipedias, possibly in a new namespace,
*Merge content into compatibly licensed external projects,
*Archive Wikinews projects.
Your insights and perspectives are invaluable in shaping the future of these projects. We encourage all interested community members to share their thoughts on the relevant discussion pages or through other designated feedback channels.

=== Feedback and next steps ===

We'd be grateful if you want to take part in a conversation on the future of these projects and the review process. We are setting up two different project pages: [[m:Public consultation about Wikispore|Public consultation about Wikispore]] and [[m:Public consultation about Wikinews|Public consultation about Wikinews]]. Please participate between 27 June 2025 and 27 July 2025, after which we will summarize the discussion to move forward. You can write in your own language.

I will also host a community conversation 16th July Wednesday 11.00 UTC and 17th July Thursday 17.00 UTC (call links to follow shortly) and will be around at Wikimania for more discussions. 
&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Victoria|Victoria]] on behalf of the Sister Project Task Force, 20:57, 27 ජූනි 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Temporary accounts will be rolled out soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;body&quot;/&gt;
Hello, we are the Wikimedia Foundation [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity|Product Safety and Integrity]] team. We would like to announce that '''we plan to enable [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] for this wiki in the week of September 1'''.

Temporary accounts are successfully live on 30 wikis, including many large ones like German, Japanese, and French. The change they bring is especially relevant to logged-out editors, who this feature is designed to protect. But it is also relevant to community members like mentors, patrollers, and admins – anyone who reverts edits, blocks users, or otherwise interacts with logged-out editors as part of keeping the wikis safe and accurate. 

'''Why we are building temporary accounts'''

Our wikis should be safer to edit by default for logged-out editors. Temporary accounts allow people to continue editing the wikis without creating an account, while avoiding publicly tying their edits to their IP address. We believe this is in the best interest of our logged-out editors, who make valuable contributions to the wikis and who may later create accounts and grow our community of editors, admins, and other roles. Even though the wikis do warn logged-out editors that their IP address will be associated with their edit, many people may not understand what an IP address is, or that it could be used to connect them to other information about them in ways they might not expect. 

Additionally, our moderation software and tools rely too heavily on network origin (IP addresses) to identify users and patterns of activity, especially as IP addresses themselves are becoming less stable as identifiers. Temporary accounts allow for more precise interactions with logged-out editors, including more precise blocks, and can help limit how often we unintentionally end up blocking good-faith users who use the same IP addresses as bad-faith users.

'''How temporary accounts work'''
[[File:Temporary account banner and empty talk page.png|thumb]]
Any time a logged-out user publishes an edit on this wiki, a cookie will be set in this user's browser, and a temporary account tied with this cookie will be automatically created. This account's name will follow the pattern: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;~2025-12345-67&lt;/code&gt; (a tilde, current year, a number). On pages like Recent Changes or page history, this name will be displayed. The cookie will expire 90 days after its creation. As long as it exists, all edits made from this device will be attributed to this temporary account. It will be the same account even if the IP address changes, unless the user clears their cookies or uses a different device or web browser. A record of the IP address used at the time of each edit will be stored for 90 days after the edit. However, only some logged-in users will be able to see it.

'''What does this mean for different groups of users?'''

'''For logged-out editors'''

* This increases privacy: currently, if you do not use a registered account to edit, then everybody can see the IP address for the edits you made, even after 90 days. That will no longer be possible on this wiki.
* If you use a temporary account to edit from different locations in the last 90 days (for example at home and at a coffee shop), the edit history and the IP addresses for all those locations will now be recorded together, for the same temporary account. Users who [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the relevant requirements]] will be able to view this data. If this creates any personal security concerns for you, please contact talktohumanrights at wikimedia.org for advice.

'''For community members interacting with logged-out editors'''

* A temporary account is uniquely linked to a device. In comparison, an IP address can be shared with different devices and people (for example, different people at school or at work might have the same IP address).
* Compared to the current situation, it will be safer to assume that a temporary user's talk page belongs to only one person, and messages left there will be read by them. As you can see in the screenshot, temporary account users will receive notifications. It will also be possible to thank them for their edits, ping them in discussions, and invite them to get more involved in the community.

'''For users who use IP address data to moderate and maintain the wiki'''

* '''For patrollers''' who track persistent abusers, investigate violations of policies, etc.: Users who [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Access_to_temporary_account_IP_addresses|meet the requirements]] will be able to reveal temporary users' IP addresses and all contributions made by temporary accounts from a specific IP address or range ([[Special:IPContributions]]). They will also have access to useful information about the IP addresses thanks to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/IP Info|IP Info]] feature. Many other pieces of software have been built or adjusted to work with temporary accounts, including AbuseFilter, global blocks, Global User Contributions, and more. (For information for volunteer developers on how to update the code of your tools – see the last part of the message.)
* '''For admins blocking logged-out editors''':
** It will be possible to block many abusers by just blocking their temporary accounts. A blocked person won't be able to create new temporary accounts quickly if the admin selects the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Autoblock|autoblock]] option.
** It will still be possible to block an IP address or IP range.
* Temporary accounts will not be retroactively applied to contributions made before the deployment. On Special:Contributions, you will be able to see existing IP user contributions, but not new contributions made by temporary accounts on that IP address. Instead, you should use Special:IPContributions for this.

'''Our requests for you, and next steps'''

* If you know of any tools, bots, gadgets etc. using data about IP addresses or being available for logged-out users, you may want to test if they work on [[testwiki:Main_Page|testwiki]] or [[test2wiki:Main_Page|test2wiki]]. If you are a volunteer developer, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|read our documentation for developers]], and in particular, the section on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers#How should I update my code?|how your code might need to be updated]].
* If you want to test the temporary account experience, for example just to check what it feels like, go to testwiki or test2wiki and edit without logging in.
* Tell us if you know of any difficulties that need to be addressed. We will try to help, and if we are not able, we will consider the available options.
* Look at our [[m:Meta:Babel#Temporary_Accounts:_access_to_IP_addresses_and_next_steps|previous message]] about requirements for users without extended rights who may need access to IP addresses.

To learn more about the project, check out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/FAQ|our FAQ]] – you will find many useful answers there. You may also [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|look at the updates]] (we have just posted one) and [[mw:Newsletter:Product Safety and Integrity|subscribe to our new newsletter]]. If you'd like to talk to me (Szymon) off-wiki, you will find me on Discord and Telegram. Thank you!&lt;section end=&quot;body&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[m:user:NKohli (WMF)|NKohli (WMF)]], [[m:user:SGrabarczuk (WMF)|SGrabarczuk (WMF)]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:36, 26 අගෝස්තු 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Have your say: vote for the 2025 Board of Trustees&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Hello all,

The voting period for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025|2025 Board of Trustees election]] is now open. Candidates are running for two (2) seats on the Board.

To check your voter eligibility, please visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Voter eligibility guidelines|voter eligibility page]].

Learn more about them by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2025/Candidates|reading their application statements and watch their candidacy videos]].

When you are ready, go to the [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/405|SecurePoll voting page to vote]].

'''The vote is open from October 8 at 00:00 UTC to October 22 at 23:59 UTC.'''

Best regards,

Abhishek Suryawanshi&lt;br /&gt;Chair, Elections Committee&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 04:48, 9 ඔක්තෝබර් 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;function1&quot;/&gt;
{{int:Hello}}. Please help pick a name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. This project will be a wiki that will enable users to combine functions from [[:f:|Wikifunctions]] and data from Wikidata in order to generate natural language sentences in any supported languages. These sentences can then be used by any Wikipedia (or elsewhere).

There will be two rounds of voting, each followed by legal review of candidates, with votes beginning on 20 October and 17 November 2025. Our goal is to have a final project name selected on mid-December 2025. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki.
{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
&lt;section end=&quot;function1&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 11:43, 20 ඔක්තෝබර් 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Seeking volunteers to join several of the movement’s committees&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
Each year, typically from October through December, several of the movement’s committees seek new volunteers. 

Read more about the committees on their Meta-wiki pages:
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|Affiliations Committee (AffCom)]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds commission|Ombuds commission (OC)]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|Case Review Committee (CRC)]]

Applications for the committees open on October 30, 2025. Applications for the Affiliations Committee, Ombuds commission and the Case Review Committee close on December 11, 2025. Learn how to apply by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Committee appointments|visiting the appointment page on Meta-wiki]]. Post to the talk page or email cst[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org with any questions you may have.

For the Committee Support team,
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-[[m:User:MKaur (WMF)| MKaur (WMF)]] 14:13, 30 ඔක්තෝබර් 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Reminder: Help us decide the name of the new Abstract Wikipedia project&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;function2&quot;/&gt;
{{int:Hello}}. Reminder: Please help to choose name for the new Abstract Wikipedia wiki project. The finalist vote starts today. The finalists for the name are: &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Abstract Wikipedia, Multilingual Wikipedia, Wikiabstracts, Wikigenerator, Proto-Wiki&lt;/span&gt;. If you would like to participate, then '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Abstract Wikipedia naming contest|please learn more and vote now]]''' at meta-wiki.
{{Int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
&lt;section end=&quot;function2&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[User:Sannita (WMF)|User:Sannita (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Sannita (WMF)|talk]]) 14:22, 20 නොවැම්බර් 2025 (යූටීසී)
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== Feminism and Folklore 2026 starts soon ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;&quot;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2026 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center; width: 100%;&quot;&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/div&gt;

;Invitation to Organize Feminism and Folklore 2026 

Dear Wiki Community,

We are pleased to invite Wikimedia communities, affiliates, and independent contributors to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026]]''' writing competition on your local Wikipedia.

The international campaign will run from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and aims to improve coverage of feminism, women’s histories, gender-related topics, and folk culture across Wikipedia projects.

;About the Campaign 
'''Feminism and Folklore''' is a global writing initiative that complements the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2026|Wiki Loves Folklore]]''' photography competition. While Wiki Loves Folklore focuses on visual documentation, this writing campaign addresses the '''gender gap on Wikipedia''' by improving encyclopedic content related to folk culture and marginalized voices.

;What Can Participants Write About? 
Communities can contribute by creating, expanding, or translating articles related to:

* Folk festivals, rituals, and celebrations  
* Folk dances, music, and traditional performances  
* Women and queer figures in folklore  
* Women in mythology and oral traditions  
* Women warriors, witches, and witch-hunting narratives  
* Fairy tales, folk stories, and legends  
* Folk games, sports, and cultural practices  

Participants may work from curated article lists or generate new article suggestions using campaign tools.

;How to Sign Up as an Organizer 
Organizers are requested to complete the following steps to register their community:

# Create a local project page on your wiki [[:m:Feminism and Folklore/Sample|(see sample)]] 
# Set up the campaign using the '''CampWiz''' tool  
# Prepare a local article list and clearly mention:
#* Campaign timeline  
#* Local and international prizes  
# Request a site notice from local administrators [[:mr:Template:SN-FNF|(see sample)]]  
# Add your local project page and CampWiz link to the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta project page]]'''

;Campaign Tools

The Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced tools to support organizers and participants:

* '''Article List Generator by Topic''' – Helps identify articles available on English Wikipedia but missing in your local language Wikipedia. The tool allows customized filters and provides downloadable article lists in CSV and wikitable formats.
* '''CampWiz''' – Enables communities to manage writing campaigns effectively, including jury-based evaluation. This will be the third year CampWiz is officially used for Feminism and Folklore.

Both tools are now available for use in the campaign.  '''[https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ Click here to access the tools]'''

;Learn More &amp; Get Support
For detailed information about rules, timelines, and prizes, please visit the  
'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 project page]]'''.

If you have any questions or need assistance, feel free to reach out via:
* '''[[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2026/Project Page|Meta talk page]]'''
* Email us using details on the contact page.

;Join Us 
We look forward to your collaboration and coordination in making Feminism and Folklore 2026 a meaningful and impactful campaign for closing gender gaps and enriching folk culture content on Wikipedia.

Thank you and best wishes,
  
'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2026|Feminism and Folklore 2026 International Team]]'''

----

''Stay connected:''  
[[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&amp;nbsp;
[[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

== Invitation to Host Wiki Loves Folklore 2026 in Your Country ==
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center; width: 100%;&quot;&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/div&gt;

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]
Hello everyone,

We are delighted to invite Wikimedia affiliates, user groups, and community organizations worldwide to participate in '''Wiki Loves Folklore 2026''', an international initiative dedicated to documenting and celebrating folk culture across the globe.

;About Wiki Loves Folklore 

'''Wiki Loves Folklore''' is an annual international photography competition hosted on Wikimedia Commons. The campaign runs from '''1 February to 31 March 2026''' and encourages photographers, cultural enthusiasts, and community members to contribute photographs that highlight:
* Folk traditions and rituals  
* Cultural festivals and celebrations  
* Traditional attire and crafts 
* Performing arts, music, and dance  
* Everyday practices rooted in folk heritage  

Through this campaign, we aim to preserve and promote diverse folk cultures and make them freely accessible to the world.

[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026|Project page on Wikimedia Commons]] 

; Host a Local Edition 

As we celebrate the '''eight edition''' of Wiki Loves Folklore, we warmly invite communities to organize a local edition in their country or region. Hosting a local campaign is a great opportunity to:
* Increase visibility of your region’s folk culture  
* Engage new contributors in your community  
* Enrich Wikimedia Commons with high-quality cultural content  

'''[[:c:Commons:Wiki_Loves_Folklore_2026/Organize|Sign up to organize]]:'''  

If your team prefers to organize the competition in ''either February or March only'', please feel free to let us know.

If you are unable to organize, we encourage you to share this opportunity with other interested groups or organizations in your region.

;Get in Touch 
If you have any questions, need support, or would like to explore collaboration opportunities, please feel free to contact us via:

* The project Talk pages  
* Email: '''support@wikilovesfolklore.org'''

We are also happy to connect via an online meeting if your team would like to discuss planning or coordination in more detail.

Warm regards,  

'''The Wiki Loves Folklore International Team'''
&lt;/div&gt;
[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 13:21, 18 ජනවාරි 2026 (යූටීසී)
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== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

21:01, 19 ජනවාරි 2026 (යූටීසී)
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== Join the sixth Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:Ukraine’s Cultural Diplomacy Month on Wikipedia 2026.png|right|250px|thumb|link=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Cultural_Diplomacy_Month_2026|Join our campaign!]]
{{int:please-translate}}

Dear Wikipedians!

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the sixth edition of writing challenge &quot;'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''&quot;, which lasts from '''1st April''' until '''30th April 2026'''.

The initiative aims to promote knowledge about Ukrainian culture abroad by creating and improving Wikipedia articles in multiple languages. This year marks the sixth edition of the campaign, which will focus on contemporary culture, making today’s artistic voices and practices more visible to international audiences.

🧩'''How to participate?'''

Choose an article from the suggested list → Write an article in your language, or improve an existing one according to the rules → Add your contribution to the contest page and calculate your points → Win prizes and receive a certificate of participation → Become a promoter of truthful knowledge about Ukraine.

🧩'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|Check our main page for more information]]'''.

'''If you are interested in coordinating long-term community engagement for the campaign and becoming a local ambassador, we would love to hear from you! Please let us know your interest.'''

If not, then we encourage you to translate the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|landing page of the contest]] and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MessageGroupStats?group=Centralnotice-tgroup-UCDM2026banner&amp;messages=&amp;language=en&amp;x=D banner] into your own language.

Also, we set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2026|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in this challenge! 

[[:m:User:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:OlesiaLukaniuk (WMUA)|talk]]) 04:35, 1 April 2026 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Scholarship Applications Open for WikiConference India 2026 ==

Hello everyone,

Scholarship applications are now open for WikiConference India 2026. The conference will take place from 4th to 6th September 2026 in Kochi, India.

WikiConference India brings together Wikimedians, community organizers, and contributors from across India, South Asia, and beyond. It is a space to connect, learn, share experiences, and collaborate on strengthening the free knowledge movement.

If you are an active contributor to Wikimedia projects or involved in community activities, you are encouraged to apply for the scholarship. Detailed announcement is [[diffblog:2026/03/19/namukku-othukoodam-scholarships-now-open-for-wikiconference-india-2026/|'''here''']]. 🙂

Application deadline: [15th April 2026 11:59 p.m. IST]

Application link: [[https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdA3rR9xX_k31dzJrjM5MTDNYNUIRcAB45S4TflsYCbGJNrzg/viewform?usp=header application link]]

More information: [&lt;nowiki/&gt;[[metawiki:WikiConference_India_2026/Scholarship|Meta page link]]]

Please feel free to share this announcement with others in your community.

Thank you.

WikiConference India 2026 Organising Team [[User:Athulvis|Athulvis]] ([[User talk:Athulvis|talk]]) 06:41, 9 අප්‍රේල් 2026 (යූටීසී)

== Request for comment (global AI policy) ==

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
Apologies for writing in English. {{int:Please-translate}}
A [[:m:Requests for comment/Artificial intelligence policy|request for comment]] is currently being held to decide on a global AI policy. {{int:Feedback-thanks-title}}
[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 00:58, 26 අප්‍රේල් 2026 (යූටීසී)
&lt;/bdi&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Codename Noreste@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=30424282 --&gt;</text>
      <sha1>q50g7mtli0zeed4i237f8xnpl5ybsl5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ගුප්ත කේතනය</title>
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    <revision>
      <id>788509</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-25391-64</username>
        <id>78675</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>[[Special:Contributions/CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]] මගින් සිදුකල  [[Special:Diff/758444|758444]] සංශෝධනය අහෝසි කරන්න ([[User talk:CommonsDelinker|සාකච්ඡා]])</comment>
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== හැදින්වීම==
[[Image:Enigma.jpg|240px|thumbnail|right|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enigma_machine Enigma යන්ත්‍රය],  1920දී ජමානු හමුදා තොරතුරු කිරීමට යොදා ගන්නා ලදි]]

ගුප්ත කේතකරණයේ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography  cryptography]),'''ගුප්ත කේතනය'''(encryption) කියලා හදුන්වන්නේ අපිට වැදගත් වන තොරතුරු( [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaintext plaintext] කියනවා) ඇල්ගොරිතම([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm  algorithm]) භාවිතා කරමින් කිසිවකුට ,විශේෂ දැනුම එහෙමත් නැත්නම් ගුප්ත කේතනයට අදාල යතුර ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_(cryptography)  key]) හිමි පුද්ගලයන්ට හැර වෙනත් කිසිවකුට කියවන්න බැරිවිදියට පරිවර්ථනය කිරීමයි. මේ ක්‍රියාවලියට ලක්වුණු තොරතුරු අපි cipher text ලෙස හදුන්වනවා. මේ ආකාරයටම මෙම ක්‍රියාවලියේ ප්‍රතිලෝම ක්‍රියා වලිය අපි හදුන්වනවා ගුප්ත ප්‍රතිකේතනය (Decryption) කියලා එමගින් අපිට පුලුවන් ගුප්ත කේතනය කරපු තොරතුරු නැවත කියවීමට හැකි තත්වයට පත් කරගන්න.බොහෝ විට අතීතයේ යුධමය කටයුතු වලදි සහ රාජතාන්ත්‍රික කටයුතු වලදි  තම සන්නිවේදන කටයුතු රහසිගතව සිදු කිරීමට මෙම ගුප්ත කේතනය බහුලව භාවිතා වු අතර එහෙත් වර්ථමානයේ බොහෝවිට සාමාන්‍ය ජනතාවගේ තොරතුරු ආරාක්ෂා කිරීම සදහා මෙම ගුප්ත කේතනය භාවිතා  කරනවා.උදාහරනයක් ලෙස පරිගණක ආරක්ෂණ ආයතනය ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_Security_Institute  Computer Security Institute])2007වාර්ථා වලට අනුව 71% ආයතන තම තොරතුරු හුවමාරු කිරීම සදහා මෙම ගුප්ත කේතනය භාවිතා කරලා තියනවා සහ 53% අයතන තොරතුරු  ගබඩා කිරීම සදහා මෙම ගුප්ත කේතනය භාවිතා කරයි. තවද පරිගණක සහ දත්ත සුරැකුම උපාංග තුල තොරතුරු ආරක්ෂකාරීව ගබඩා කිරීමට අපිට මෙම ක්‍රමය යොදාගන්න පුලුවන්.වර්තමාන වාර්ථාවලට අනුව ගණුදෙනු කරුවන්ගේ පුද්ගලික වාර්ථා වැනි රහසිගත වාර්ථා විශාල වශයෙන් තම පරිගණක මගින් හෝ දත්ත ගබඩා තුලින් සොරා ගැනීම් සිදුවී ඇති අතර ගුප්ත කේතනය මගින් මෙවැනි උවදුරු වලින් සිදුවිය හැකි හානිය එවැනි උවදුරු භෞතිකව වැලැක්විය නොහැකි අවස්තා වල වුවත් අවම කරගත හැක. 

තවඩුරටත් මෙම ගුප්ත කේතනය තොරතුරු සංක්‍රමණයෙදී තොරතුරු  ආරාක්ෂා  කිරීම සදහා යොදා ගන්නවා.උදාහරණ ලෙස [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet  අන්තර්ජාලය], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_telephone  ජංගම දුරකථන], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_microphone  රැහැන් රහිත පද්ධති],සහ බැංකු [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_teller_machine  ATM] යන්ත්‍ර තුල තොරතුරු සංක්‍රමණ  ගත හැක.මෙහිදීත් තොරතුරු සංක්‍රමණය වීමෙදී අතරමැදදී සොරා ගැනීම් මගින් සිදුවිය හැකි බලපෑම කිරීම ගුප්ත කේතනය  මගින් අවම කරගත හැක. .  

== මේවත් බලන්න==
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-1-of-3}}
* [[Cryptography]]
* [[Cold boot attack]]
* [[Cyberspace Electronic Security Act]] (in the US)
* [[Encryption software]]
{{Col-2-of-3}}
* [[Cipher]]
* [[Key management]]
* [[Key (cryptography)|Key]]
* [[Famous ciphertexts]]
* [[Rip van Winkle cipher]]
* [[Strong secrecy]]

{{Col-3-of-3}}
{{Portal|Cryptography}}
* [[Disk encryption]]
* [[Secure USB drive]]
* [[Secure Network Communications]]
* [[Security and Freedom Through Encryption Act]]
{{Col-end}}

==සටහන්==
{{Reflist}}

==යොමුව==
* Helen Fouché Gaines, “Cryptanalysis”, 1939, Dover. ISBN 0-486-20097-3
* [[David Kahn (writer)|David Kahn]], ''The Codebreakers - The Story of Secret Writing'' (ISBN 0-684-83130-9) (1967)
* [[Abraham Sinkov]], ''Elementary Cryptanalysis: A Mathematical Approach'', Mathematical Association of America, 1966. ISBN 0-88385-622-0

==බාහිර වෙබ් අඩ්වි==
{{Wiktionary|encryption}}
*http://www.enterprisenetworkingplanet.com/_featured/article.php/3792771/PGPs-Universal-Server-Provides-Unobtrusive-Encryption.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430044615/http://www.enterprisenetworkingplanet.com/_featured/article.php/3792771/PGPs-Universal-Server-Provides-Unobtrusive-Encryption.htm |date=2011-04-30 }}
*[http://www.securitydocs.com/Encryption SecurityDocs Resource for encryption whitepapers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080115205535/http://www.securitydocs.com/Encryption |date=2008-01-15 }}
*[http://rexor.codeplex.com/documentation A guide to encryption for beginners] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101118082357/http://rexor.codeplex.com/documentation |date=2010-11-18 }}
*[http://www.xml-dev.com/lurker/list/crypto.en.html Accumulative archive of various cryptography mailing lists.] Includes Cryptography list at metzdowd and SecurityFocus Crypto list.

{{Crypto navbox}}

[[Category:Cryptography]]</text>
      <sha1>7geiktnl288u712cn8xje4222sllvqx</sha1>
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      <comment>RM nonsense</comment>
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      <text bytes="6978" sha1="dkquby1j7lsmnlvtqfnjp75qu6ruvgv" xml:space="preserve">== හැදින්වීම==
[[Image:Enigma.jpg|240px|thumbnail|right|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enigma_machine Enigma යන්ත්‍රය],  1920දී ජමානු හමුදා තොරතුරු කිරීමට යොදා ගන්නා ලදි]]

ගුප්ත කේතකරණයේ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptography  cryptography]),'''ගුප්ත කේතනය'''(encryption) කියලා හදුන්වන්නේ අපිට වැදගත් වන තොරතුරු( [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaintext plaintext] කියනවා) ඇල්ගොරිතම([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm  algorithm]) භාවිතා කරමින් කිසිවකුට ,විශේෂ දැනුම එහෙමත් නැත්නම් ගුප්ත කේතනයට අදාල යතුර ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_(cryptography)  key]) හිමි පුද්ගලයන්ට හැර වෙනත් කිසිවකුට කියවන්න බැරිවිදියට පරිවර්ථනය කිරීමයි. මේ ක්‍රියාවලියට ලක්වුණු තොරතුරු අපි cipher text ලෙස හදුන්වනවා. මේ ආකාරයටම මෙම ක්‍රියාවලියේ ප්‍රතිලෝම ක්‍රියා වලිය අපි හදුන්වනවා ගුප්ත ප්‍රතිකේතනය (Decryption) කියලා එමගින් අපිට පුලුවන් ගුප්ත කේතනය කරපු තොරතුරු නැවත කියවීමට හැකි තත්වයට පත් කරගන්න.බොහෝ විට අතීතයේ යුධමය කටයුතු වලදි සහ රාජතාන්ත්‍රික කටයුතු වලදි  තම සන්නිවේදන කටයුතු රහසිගතව සිදු කිරීමට මෙම ගුප්ත කේතනය බහුලව භාවිතා වු අතර එහෙත් වර්ථමානයේ බොහෝවිට සාමාන්‍ය ජනතාවගේ තොරතුරු ආරාක්ෂා කිරීම සදහා මෙම ගුප්ත කේතනය භාවිතා  කරනවා.උදාහරනයක් ලෙස පරිගණක ආරක්ෂණ ආයතනය ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_Security_Institute  Computer Security Institute])2007වාර්ථා වලට අනුව 71% ආයතන තම තොරතුරු හුවමාරු කිරීම සදහා මෙම ගුප්ත කේතනය භාවිතා කරලා තියනවා සහ 53% අයතන තොරතුරු  ගබඩා කිරීම සදහා මෙම ගුප්ත කේතනය භාවිතා කරයි. තවද පරිගණක සහ දත්ත සුරැකුම උපාංග තුල තොරතුරු ආරක්ෂකාරීව ගබඩා කිරීමට අපිට මෙම ක්‍රමය යොදාගන්න පුලුවන්.වර්තමාන වාර්ථාවලට අනුව ගණුදෙනු කරුවන්ගේ පුද්ගලික වාර්ථා වැනි රහසිගත වාර්ථා විශාල වශයෙන් තම පරිගණක මගින් හෝ දත්ත ගබඩා තුලින් සොරා ගැනීම් සිදුවී ඇති අතර ගුප්ත කේතනය මගින් මෙවැනි උවදුරු වලින් සිදුවිය හැකි හානිය එවැනි උවදුරු භෞතිකව වැලැක්විය නොහැකි අවස්තා වල වුවත් අවම කරගත හැක. 

තවඩුරටත් මෙම ගුප්ත කේතනය තොරතුරු සංක්‍රමණයෙදී තොරතුරු  ආරාක්ෂා  කිරීම සදහා යොදා ගන්නවා.උදාහරණ ලෙස [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet  අන්තර්ජාලය], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_telephone  ජංගම දුරකථන], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_microphone  රැහැන් රහිත පද්ධති],සහ බැංකු [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_teller_machine  ATM] යන්ත්‍ර තුල තොරතුරු සංක්‍රමණ  ගත හැක.මෙහිදීත් තොරතුරු සංක්‍රමණය වීමෙදී අතරමැදදී සොරා ගැනීම් මගින් සිදුවිය හැකි බලපෑම කිරීම ගුප්ත කේතනය  මගින් අවම කරගත හැක. .  

== මේවත් බලන්න==
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-1-of-3}}
* [[Cryptography]]
* [[Cold boot attack]]
* [[Cyberspace Electronic Security Act]] (in the US)
* [[Encryption software]]
{{Col-2-of-3}}
* [[Cipher]]
* [[Key management]]
* [[Key (cryptography)|Key]]
* [[Famous ciphertexts]]
* [[Rip van Winkle cipher]]
* [[Strong secrecy]]

{{Col-3-of-3}}
{{Portal|Cryptography}}
* [[Disk encryption]]
* [[Secure USB drive]]
* [[Secure Network Communications]]
* [[Security and Freedom Through Encryption Act]]
{{Col-end}}

==සටහන්==
{{Reflist}}

==යොමුව==
* Helen Fouché Gaines, “Cryptanalysis”, 1939, Dover. ISBN 0-486-20097-3
* [[David Kahn (writer)|David Kahn]], ''The Codebreakers - The Story of Secret Writing'' (ISBN 0-684-83130-9) (1967)
* [[Abraham Sinkov]], ''Elementary Cryptanalysis: A Mathematical Approach'', Mathematical Association of America, 1966. ISBN 0-88385-622-0

==බාහිර වෙබ් අඩ්වි==
{{Wiktionary|encryption}}
*http://www.enterprisenetworkingplanet.com/_featured/article.php/3792771/PGPs-Universal-Server-Provides-Unobtrusive-Encryption.htm {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430044615/http://www.enterprisenetworkingplanet.com/_featured/article.php/3792771/PGPs-Universal-Server-Provides-Unobtrusive-Encryption.htm |date=2011-04-30 }}
*[http://www.securitydocs.com/Encryption SecurityDocs Resource for encryption whitepapers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080115205535/http://www.securitydocs.com/Encryption |date=2008-01-15 }}
*[http://rexor.codeplex.com/documentation A guide to encryption for beginners] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101118082357/http://rexor.codeplex.com/documentation |date=2010-11-18 }}
*[http://www.xml-dev.com/lurker/list/crypto.en.html Accumulative archive of various cryptography mailing lists.] Includes Cryptography list at metzdowd and SecurityFocus Crypto list.

{{Crypto navbox}}

[[Category:Cryptography]]</text>
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      <comment>දත්තයන් නිවැරදි කිරීම</comment>
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| image                   = Malani Senehelatha Fonseka.jpg
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| caption                 = 1976 වසරෙහි මාලනි ෆොන්සේකා මහත්මිය
| birthname               = වන්නි ආරච්චිගේ මාලනි සෙනෙහෙලතා ෆොන්සේකා
| birth_date              = {{Birth date|df=yes|1947|4|30}}
| birth_place             = [[කැළණිය]], [[බ්‍රිතාන්‍ය ලංකාව]]&lt;br /&gt;(දැන් [[ශ්‍රී ලංකාව]])
| nationality             = {{flagicon|Sri Lanka}} [[ශ්‍රී ලාංකික]]
| death_date              = 24 මැයි 2025 (වයස 78)
| death_place             = [[කොළඹ]], [[ශ්‍රී ලංකාව]]
| occupation              = රංගන ශිල්පිනී
| yearsactive             = 1968-වර්ථමානය
| spouse                  =  උපාලි සේනානායක (වි. 1965; දික්. 1980)&lt;br&gt; ලකී ඩයස් (වි. 1986; දික්. 2011)
|religion                 = [[බෞද්ධ]]
| website                 = [http://www.malinifonsekaonline.com Official website]
| awards                  = '''[[සරසවිය හොඳම නිළිය සම්මානය|සරසවිය හොඳම නිළිය]]''' (1980), (1982), (1983) සහ '''[[සරසවිය ජනප්‍රියතම නිළිය සම්මානය|සරසවිය ජනප්‍රිය නිළිය]]''' (1980-1983)
|}}
'''වන්නිආරච්චිගේ  මාලනි  සෙනෙහෙලතා ෆොන්සේකා''' ({{lang-en|Malini Fonseka}}, 1947 අප්‍රේල් 30 – 2025 මැයි 24&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://sinhala.adaderana.lk/news/210366|title=ප්‍රවීණ රංගන ශිල්පිණී මාලනී ෆොන්සේකා අභාවප්‍රාප්ත වෙයි|newspaper=අද දෙරණ|date=24 මැයි 2025|access-date=24 මැයි 2025}}&lt;/ref&gt;), හෙවත් '''මාලනී ෆොන්සේකා''', යනු සම්මානනීය ශ්‍රී ලංකා චිත්‍රපට නිලියකි, '''&quot;සිංහල සිනමාවේ නිළි රැජින&quot;''' යන විරුදාවලියෙන් හඳුන්වන්නේ ද ඇයයි.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.dailymirror.lk/2006/09/18/life/2.asp Malani leaves for London]&lt;/ref&gt; දශක කීපයක් දිවෙන ඇගේ සිනමා රංගන දිවිය මුලින්ම ඇරඹෙන්නේ 1968 තිස්ස ලියනසූරියගේ ''පුංචි බබා'' චිත්‍රපටයෙනි. ඇය දක්ෂ නිලියක ලෙස හඳුනා ගැනෙන්නේ 1969 දී ජාතික නාට්‍ය උළෙලේ දී  ''''හොඳම''' '''නිළිය''' '''සම්මානය'''&lt;nowiki/&gt;' ලබා ගැනීමෙන් අනතුරුවයි. ඉන්පසු 1980 දී ''හිගන කොල්ලා'', 1982 දී ''ආරාධනා'', 1983 දී ''යස ඉසුරු'' යන චිත්‍රපට වල විශිෂ්ඨ රංගනය හේතුවෙන් ඇය  [[සරසවිය හොඳම නිළිය සම්මානය]] කිහිප වරක් දිනා ගත්තා ය.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0284717/bio|title=Biography for Malini Fonseka|work=IMDb|accessdate=2008-06-19}}&lt;/ref&gt; 2010 දී ඇය ආසියාව තුළ මෙතෙක් බිහි වූ දැවැන්ත රංගන ශිල්පීන් 25 දෙනා ගෙන් අයෙක් බව ඇමරිකානු [[සීඑන්එන්]] රූපවාහිනිය විසින් නම් කරනු ලැබීය.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.cnngo.com/explorations/none/asias-25-greatest-actors-all-time-223697 CNNGo - Asia’s 25 greatest actors of all time]&lt;/ref&gt; මෙතුමිය '''කැලණිය බප/කැල/ගුරුකුල ජාතික පාසලේ''' ඉතා දීප්තිමත් ශිෂ්‍යාවක ලෙස නම් දරා තිබේ.

==ජීවන චරිතය==

===මුල් අවධිය===
ගිල්බට් හා සීලවතී ෆොන්සේකා යන අයට දාව තෙවන දරුවා ලෙස ඇය, [[කැළණිය|කැලණිය]] [[පෑලියගොඩ]] දී උපත ලැබුවා ය. උපතින් පසු ඔවුන්, [[නුගේගොඩ]] ජම්බුගස්මුල්ල පදිංචියට ගිය අතර  1952 දී මාලනිය ඇගේ අධ්‍යාපන කටයුතු ශාන්ත ජෝන් විද්‍යාලයෙන් ආරම්භ කළා ය. නැවතත් පදිංචිය වෙනස් කරමින් ඔවුන් කැලණියේ වෙදමුල්ලට පැමිණීම නිසා ඇය පාසල වෙනස් කරමින් කැලණිය ගුරුකුල විද්‍යාලයට ඇතුළු වූවා ය, ඇය සිය අධ්‍යාපන කටයුතු හමාර කරන්නේ එම විද්‍යාලයේදී ය.&lt;ref name=&quot;malini4&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.malinifonsekaonline.com/newbiography1.html|title=Biography-1|publisher=(Personal Website)|date=9 February 2008|access-date=2 December 2013|archive-date=28 March 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090328175438/http://www.malinifonsekaonline.com/newbiography1.html|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===පුද්ගලික ජීවිතය ===
1986 ජුනි 12 වන දින ඇය [[ලකී ඩයස්]] සමග විවාහ වූවාය.

===දේශපාලන දිවිය===
2010 අප්‍රියෙල් හීදි [[එක්සත් ජනතා නිදහස් සන්ධානය]] විසින් ජාතික ලැයිස්තුව යටතේ ඇයට, පාර්ලිමේන්තු සාමාජිකත්වය ලබා දෙන ලදී .

== වෘත්තීය දිවිය ==
&lt;!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:WekandeWalauwa1.jpg|thumb|right|170px|Malini and Paboda, a scene of 2003 film &quot;Wekande Walauwa&quot;]] --&gt;
ෆොනසේකා ඇගේ රංගන දිවිය පටන් ගන්නේ වේදිකාවෙනි. 1963 දී, &quot;නොරත රත&quot; වේදිකා නාට්‍යයේ රැඟූ ඇය 1968 දී, රඟපෑ ''අකල් වැස්ස'' වෙනුවෙන් හොඳම වේදිකා නාට්‍ය නිළිය ලෙස ජාතික සම්මානයෙන් පිදුම් ලැබුවා ය. ඇය වේදිකා නාට්‍ය 14 කට සිය ප්‍රධාන රංගනය එක් කළා ය.

ඇය සිනමා දිවියට පිවිසෙන්නේ  1968 දී තිස්ස ලියනසූරියගේ ''පුංචි බබා'' චිත්‍රපටයෙනි. ඉන්පසු එම වසරේදී ම ඇය ''අබුද්දස්ස කාලේ'', ''දහසක් සිතුවිලි'' සහ ''ආදරවන්තයෝ'' යන චිත්‍රපටවල ද රැඟුවා ය. ඇය රඟපෑ සමස්ත චිත්‍රපට සංඛ්‍යාව 140 ක් පමණ වේ, ඒ අතර විදේශීය චිත්‍රපට ද වෙයි. ඇයගේ සාර්ථකම චිත්‍රපට ලෙස  [[ලෙස්ටර් ජේම්ස් පීරිස්]] ගේ ''[[නිධානය]]'' , [[අමරනාත් ජයතිලක]] ගේ ''සිරිපාල හා රන් මැණිකා'', [[ධර්මසේන පතිරාජ]] ගේ ''[[එයා දැන් ලොකු ලමයෙක්]]'' සහ ''බඹරු ඇවිත් '' යන ඒවා හඳුනා ගත හැක . ඇගේ දිවියේ විශේෂ සනිටුහනක් තබමින් ඇය 1984 දී ''සසර චේතනා'' යන චිත්‍රපටය අධ්‍යක්ෂණය සහ නිෂ්පාදනය කලාය. ඇය විසින්ම 1987 දී ''අහිංසා'' සහ 1991 දී ''ස්ත්‍රී'' යන චිත්‍රපටද අධ්‍යක්ෂණය කෙරිණි.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.sundaytimes.lk/140309/magazine/deauville-tribute-to-malani-87678.html&lt;/ref&gt; 1978 දී ඇය [[දෙමළ]] රංගන ශිල්පී, [[සිවාජි ගනේෂන්]] සමග ''[[පයිලට් ප්‍රේම්නාත් (චිත්‍රපටිය)|පයිලට් ප්‍රේම්නාත්]]'' හි රැඟුවාය.

පසුකාලීනව ඇය රූපවාහිනිටද ප්‍රවිශ්ඨ වූවාය. ඇය රඟ පෑ ''මැනලද පුතේ කිරි දුන්නේ'', ''පිටගම්කාරයෝ'', ''කෙම්මුර'', සහ ''අඹු දරුවෝ'' යන ටෙලිනාට්‍ය සඳහා ප්‍රශංසා හිමි විය. ''පිටගම්කාරයෝ'' සහ ''කෙම්මුර'' යන ටෙලි නාට්‍ය වල ප්‍රභාමත් රංගනය වෙනුවෙන් ඇයට [[සුමති හොඳම ටෙලි නාට්‍ය නිලිය]] සම්මාන හිමි විය. මාලනී, ''සැනසිලි සුවඳ'', ''නිරුපාමල'' වැනි ටෙලි නාට්‍ය අධ්‍යක්ෂණය කරමින් ලාංකික ටෙලි නාට්‍යයක් අධ්‍යක්ෂණය කල පලමු කාන්තාව බවටද පත් වූවාය.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=Malani on Television |url=http://www.malinifonsekaonline.com/television.html |access-date=2013-12-02 |archive-date=2007-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927233723/http://www.malinifonsekaonline.com/television.html }}&lt;/ref&gt;

මෑත කාලයේ ඇය රග පෑ අවසන් චිත්‍රපටය ලෙස `ප්‍රසන්න වතානගේ ''[[ආකාස කුසුම්]]'' හැඳින්විය හැක. රිදී තිරයේ මාලනීගේ රංගන වෘත්තිය ගාමිණී ෆොන්සේකා සමග තවත් ඔපවත් විය.

==සම්මාන==
{{Infobox actor awards
| name = මාලිනී ෆොන්සේකා
| image = malini.jpg
| image_size = 215px
| alt = 
| awards = 56
| nominations = 56
| SarasaviyaW = 13
| SarasaviyaN = 13
| best_actressW = 3
| best_actressN = 3
| award1 = OCIC
| award1W = 4
| award1N = 4
| awad2 = ජාත්‍යන්තර 
| award2W = 5
| award2N = 5
| award3 = වෙනත් 
| award3W = 27
| award3N = 27
|}}
ජාත්‍යන්තර තලයේ සම්මාන හිමි කර ගත් පලමු ශ්‍රී ලාංකික නිලිය වූවේ මාලනියයි. ඒ 1975 දී මොස්කව් ජාත්‍යන්තර චිත්‍රපට උළෙල දී ඇය ජූරියේ විශේෂ සම්මානය හිමිකර ගැනීමත් සමගයි. 1977 නව දිල්ලි චිත්‍රපට උළෙල දී ඇය තවත් සම්මානයක් හිමි කර ගත්තාය.

2014 වසරේ මාර්තු 5 වනදා සිට 9 වනදා දක්වා ප‍්‍රංශයේ පැවැත්වූ 16 වන දෝවිල් (Deauvill) ආසියානු සම්මාන උළෙලේදීද, වසර 50 ක් මුළුල්ලේ සිනමාවට දැක්වූ දායකත්වය අගයමින්, මාලිනියට රන් නෙළුම සම්මානය පිරිනැමිණි.&lt;ref&gt;http://vinsaara.com/show.php?cat=Mulpituwa&amp;id=32817#.UyvFZaiSwdA{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.dailynews.lk/local/special-award-malani-fonseka&lt;/ref&gt;    

[[සරසවිය සම්මාන]] හැරුනු කොට ඇය  [[ජනාධිපති සම්මාන]], OCIC සම්මාන වලින්ද පිදුම් ලැබුවාය.

ඇය රග පෑ &quot;කෙම්මුර&quot; ටෙලිනාට්‍යය සඳහා 2000 සුමති ටෙලි සම්මාන උළෙලදී ඇයට &quot;හොඳම නිලිය සම්මානය&quot; හිමි විය.

''මාලිනියේ'' නමින් 2003 අප්‍රියෙල් 30 [[බණ්‌ඩාරනායක අනුස්‌මරණ ජාත්‍යන්තර සම්මන්ත්‍රණ ශාලාව]] හී පැවැති මාලිනි ෆොන්සේකා අභිනන්දන  උළෙලට එවක ජනපතිනිය වූ චන්ද්‍රිකා බණ්ඩාරනායක කුමාරතුංග මැතිණියද සහභාගී වෙමින් දශක 4 ක් තිස්සේ [[ශ්‍රී ලංකීය සිනමාව]] ට ඇය දැක්වූ සේවාව අගය කලාය.&lt;ref name=&quot;malini1&quot;&gt;{{cite news| url=http://www.dailynews.lk/2003/05/02/new16.html|title=President pays glowing tribute to Malini|publisher=Daily News|date=2 May 2003}}&lt;/ref&gt;

2008 ජනවාරියේදී U.S.A.  [[ලොස් ඇන්ජලිස් ]] හි වසන ශ්‍රී ලාංකිකයින් විසින් මාලනියට උපහාර පල කෙරුණු අතර ඇමරිකාවේ ශ්‍රී ලංකා තානාපති වූ ජාලිය වික්‍රමසූරිය ඇතුළු පිරිස විසින්ද ඇය වෙනුවෙන් විශේෂ උත්සවයක් පවත්වන ලදී .&lt;ref name=&quot;malini3&quot;&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/9330|title=Legendary Screen Actress Malini Fonseka Honoured in Los Angeles|publisher=Asiantribune.com|date=28 January 2008|access-date=2 December 2013|archive-date=26 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826120334/http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/9330|url-status=dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;

===ජාත්‍යන්තර තලයේ සම්මාන===
*1975 ගෞරව ඩිප්ලෝමා සහතිකය – 9 වැනි අන්තර් ජාතික මොස්කව් සිනමා උළෙල - චිත‍්‍රපට නිෂ්පාදකවරුන් ගේ සම්මානය - '''එයා දැන් ලොකු ළමයෙක්'''
*1977 ගෞරව කුසලතා සම්මාන සහතිකය - සිරිපාල සහ රන්මැණිකා - 6 වැනි දිල්ලි ජාත්‍යන්තර සිනමා උළෙල 
*1989 සාර්ථකම කාන්තාව සොන්ටා ජාත්‍යන්තර සම්මානය - සොන්ටා ජාත්‍යන්තර සංවිධානය
*රිදී මයුර සම්මානය - 39වෙනි ඉන්දියා ජාත්‍යන්තර සිනමා උළෙල
*1998 - උපහාර සම්මානය - ජාත්‍යන්තර සමුපකාර සමිතිය - කැළණිය
===ජනාධිපති සම්මාන===
*1978 - හොඳම නිළිය - බඹරු ඇවිත්
*1979 - හොඳම නිළිය - වසන්තයේ දවසක් 
*1981 - හොඳම නිළිය – ආරාධනා
*1985 - කලාසූරී සම්මානය 
*1996 - “විශ්ව ප්‍රාසාදිනී” උපහාර සම්මානය - විශේෂ සම්මානය ජනාධිපති විසින් මාලිනී ෆොන්සේකා මහත්මිය හට පිරිනමනු ලැබූවා ඇය විසින් ශ්‍රී ලාංකීය සිනමා කර්මාන්තයෙහි මෙහෙවරට.
===[[සරසවිය සම්මාන]]===
*1979 [[සරසවිය හොඳම නිළිය සම්මානය|හොඳම නිළිය]] - '''හිඟන කොල්ලා''' 
*1979 වසරේ ජනප්‍රියතම නිළිය
*1980 [[සරසවිය ජනප්‍රියතම නිළිය සම්මානය|ජනප්‍රියතම නිළිය]] 
*1981 [[සරසවිය හොඳම නිළිය සම්මානය|හොඳම නිළිය]] – '''ආරාධනා'''
*1981 [[සරසවිය ජනප්‍රියතම නිළිය සම්මානය|ජනප්‍රියතම නිළිය]] 
*1982 [[සරසවිය හොඳම නිළිය සම්මානය|හොඳම නිළිය]] - '''යස ඉසුරු'''
*1982 [[සරසවිය ජනප්‍රියතම නිළිය සම්මානය|ජනප්‍රියතම නිළිය]]
*1983 [[සරසවිය ජනප්‍රියතම නිළිය සම්මානය|ජනප්‍රියතම නිළිය]] 
*1984 [[සරසවිය ජනප්‍රියතම නිළිය සම්මානය|ජනප්‍රියතම නිළිය]]
*1985 [[සරසවිය ජනප්‍රියතම නිළිය සම්මානය|ජනප්‍රියතම නිළිය]]
*1985 විශේෂ සම්මානය - රුපියල් ලක්ෂ 50 ඉක්මවූ චිත්‍රපට සඳහා ජාතික චිත්‍රපට සංස්ථාවේ සම්මානය
*1985 ජූරියේ විශේෂ සම්මානය - රංගනය,අධ්‍යක්ෂණය,නිෂ්පාදනය උදෙසා - '''සසර චේතනා'''
*1985 රණතිසර සම්මාන 
*2009 [[සරසවිය හොඳම සහය නිළිය සම්මානය|සහය නිළිය]] [[අබා]] 

===සිග්නීස (ඕසීඅයිසී) සම්මාන===
*1977 නිර්මාණශීලී රංග කුසලතා - '''එයා දැන් ලොකු ළමයෙක් / සිරිපාල සහ රන්මැණිකා සහ දෙවියනි ඔබ කොහෙද'''
*1980 නිර්මාණශීලී රංග කුසලතා  – '''දඬු මොණරා'''
*1982 නිර්මාණශීලී රංග කුසලතා  – '''බැද්දේගම /ඉන්දුට මල්මිටක් සහ සොල්දාදු උන්නැහේ '''
*1992 නිර්මාණශීලී රංග කුසලතා - '''මධුසමය'''
===වෙනත්===
*1965 හොඳම වේදිකා නිළිය - '''අකල් වැස්ස''' නාට්‍යය
*1968 ජනප්‍රියතම සහය නිළිය - පුංචි බබා - ස්වර්ණ සංඛ ගුවන් විදුලි සම්මාන 
*1972 හොඳම චරිත නිරූපණය - '''නිධානය''' - විචාරක සම්මානය
*1972 හොඳම නිළිය - නිධානය - Sri Lanka Association of Critics 
*1972 ජනප්‍රියතම නිළිය - දීපශිකා සම්මානය
*1977 රන් පියුම උපහාර සම්මානය 
*1973 ජනප්‍රියතම නිළිය - දීපශිකා සම්මාන
*1975 Appreciation award from producers - එයා දැන් ලොකු ළමයෙක් - Movie Producers Association 
*1975 Appreciation Award - එයා දැන් ලොකු ළමයෙක් - ඉදිරිපත් කිරීම කලා කවය 
*1976 ජනප්‍රියතම නිළිය – සුසී - ලේක් හවුස් 
*1980 වසරේ දක්ෂතම කාන්තාව - ටොප් ටෙන් සම්මාන 
*1990 ශ්‍රී ලංකා නළු නිළි සංගමය විසින් පිරිනැමූ රන් පදක්කම - '''ඇය විසින් ප්‍රතික්ෂේප කරන ලදි'''
*1991 හොඳම නිළිය - ස්වර්ණ සංඛ - '''මධුසමය'''
*1992 වසරේ විශිෂ්ටතම කාන්තාව(සිනමා අංශය) - වනිතා විත්ති
*1993 උන්ඩා අභිනන්දන සම්මානය - '''මහමෙර පාමුල ටෙලිනාට්‍යය''
*1996 විශ්ව ප්‍රාසාදිනී උපහාර සම්මානය - ශ්‍රී ලංකා මාතාවට කළ අතිවිශිෂ්ට සේවය වෙනුවෙන් රාජ්‍ය නායිකාවන්ගේ සම්මානය
*1996 උපහාර සම්මානය - ජනාධිපති සම්මාන උළෙල 
*1996 උපහාර සම්මානය - ත්‍රෙනිකායික සංඝ සාම ශ්‍රී පදනම 
*1997 &quot;සත් පියුම් ප්‍රාසාදිනී ස්වර්ණ පද්ම උපහාර සම්මානය&quot; - ලංකා කලා සංගමය 
*1997 හොඳම නිළිය - සුමති ටෙලි සම්මාන - '''පිටගම්කාරයෝ''' ටෙලිනාට්‍යය
*1998 යුගාන්තය 99 උපහාර සම්මානය මුදල් ත්‍යාග ප්‍රධානය - ස්වාධීන රූපවාහිනීය, ලක්හඬ ගුවන්විදුලිය 
*2001 හොඳම නිළිය - සුමති ටෙලිසම්මාන - '''කෙම්මුර''' ටෙලිනාට්‍යය
*2001 යාවජීව සම්මානය - යූ.ඩබ්ලිව්.සුමතිපාල අනුස්මරණ 
*2001 උපහාර සම්මානය - 40 වසරක සිනමා දායකත්වය වෙනුවෙන් - කොළඹ සරසවිය කලාපීඨයේ උපහාර සම්මානය
*2003 උපහාර සම්මානය - කැලණිය ගුරුකුල විද්‍යාලයේ ආදි ශිෂ්‍යයා, විද්‍යාලංකාර පිරිවෙන හා කැලණිය ගම්වාසීන්
*2003 උපහාර අභිනන්දන සම්මාන - වේදිකාව, සිනමාව හා රූපවාහිනිය ක්ෂේත‍්‍රය වෙනුවෙන් කරන ලද අනුපමේය සේවාව උදෙසා
*2006-2007	 වසරේ සිත් ගත් සිනමා නිළි සම්මානය - &quot;නවලිය වෙන්ඩෝල් සිනමා උළෙල&quot;
*2008 ස්ලිම් නෙල්සන් 	ජනතා සම්මානය 
*2008 	රජත මයුර සම්මානය – ආකාස කුසුම්

== චිත්‍රපට තොරතුරු ==
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;font-size: 90%;&quot; border=&quot;2&quot; cellpadding=&quot;4&quot; background: #f9f9f9;
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
! style=&quot;background:#B0C4DE;&quot; | වසර
! style=&quot;background:#B0C4DE;&quot; | චිත්‍රපටය
! style=&quot;background:#B0C4DE;&quot; | අධ්‍යක්ෂණය
! style=&quot;background:#B0C4DE;&quot; | චරිතය
! style=&quot;background:#B0C4DE;&quot; | කරුණු
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | 2008 || ''[[ආකාස කුසුම්]]'' || [[ප්‍රසන්න විතානගේ]] || සන්ධ්‍යා රාණි || '''ජයග්‍රාහිකාව''', රිදී මයුර සම්මානය - 39 වන ඉන්දියානු ජාත්‍යන්තර චිත්‍රපට උළෙල
|-
| ''[[අබා (චිත්‍රපටිය)|අබා]]'' || [[ජැක්සන් ඇන්තනී]] || භද්දකච්චායනා || '''ජයග්‍රාහිකාව''', [[සරසවිය හොඳම සහය නිලිය සම්මානය]]
|-
| ''[[මචන් (2008 චිත්‍රපටිය)|මචන්]]'' || උබර්තෝ පැසොලීනී || මනෝජ්ගේ මව || 
|-
| 2007 ||''[[උප්පලවන්නා (චිත්‍රපටිය)|උප්පලවන්නා]]'' || [[සුනිල් ආරියරත්න]] || ප්‍රධාන භික්ෂුණිය || 
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 2006 ||''[[අම්මාවරුනේ (චිත්‍රපටිය)|අම්මාවරුනේ]]'' || [[ලෙස්ටර් ජේම්ස් පීරිස් ]] || සුමනාවතී || 
|-
|''දේදුනු වැස්ස'' || බුද්ධික ජයරත්න ||  || 
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; | 2004 || ''මුතු ඇටයේ මෝඩයෝ'' || ගිවන්ත අර්ථසාද් ||   ||
|-
| ''[[ප්‍රතිරාවය]]'' || [[ජයන්ත දාස් පෙරේරා]] ||   || 
|-
| ''උඩු සුළග'' || H D ප්‍රේමරත්න || මැණිකේ || 
|-
| ''[[වෑකන්ද වලව්ව]]'' || [[ලෙස්ටර් ජේම්ස් පීරිස්]] || සුජාතා රාජසූරිය ||
|-
| 2002 || ''[[පුංචි සුරංගනාවී (චිත්‍රපටිය)|පුංචි සුරංගනාවී]]'' || [[සෝමරත්න දිසානායක]] || සිංහල ගුරුතුමිය ||
|-
| 2000 || ''[[සරෝජා (චිත්‍රපටිය)|සරෝජා]]''  ||  [[සෝමරත්න දිසානායක]] ||   ||
|-
| 1998 ||  ''[[අන්තිම රැය (චිත්‍රපටිය)|අන්තිම රැය]]'' || [[ගාමිණී ෆොන්සේකා]] ||   || 
|-
| 1996 ||  ''අපායේ තත්පර අසූහාරදාහක්'' || දිනේෂ් ප්‍රියසාද් ||   ||
|-
|1977 ||  ''[[පයිලට් ප්‍රේම්නාත් (චිත්‍රපටිය)|පයිලට් ප්‍රේම්නාත්]]'' || A C තිරුලෝගාචන්දාර් ||   ||දෙමළ චිත්‍රපටයකි
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 1994 ||  ''මුතු ඇටයේ මෝඩයෝ'' || සෝමපාල ලීලානන්ද ||   ||
|-
| ''සඳ මඩල'' || මාලනි ෆොන්සේකා || ||
|-
|rowspan=&quot;5&quot;|1992
|''සත්‍යා''
|රංජිත් සිරිවර්ධන
|සත්‍යා
| 
|-
|''රූමතියයි නීතියයි''
|M අරුක්ගොඩ
|
| 
|-
|''උමයංන්ගනා''
|ආනන්ද ෆොන්සේකා
|
| 
|-
|''Ahimi Dadaman''
|ඩැනී ඩබ් පතිරණ
|
| 
|-
|''සුවදෙන සුවඳක්''
|මිල්ටන් ජයවර්ධන
||
|-
|rowspan=&quot;5&quot; | 1991 ||  ''[[ස්ත්‍රී (1991 චිත්‍රපටිය)|ස්ත්‍රී]]'' ||මාලනී ෆොන්සේකා|| ||
|-
|  ''[[මදුසමය]]'' ||කේ ඒ විජේරත්න||සරෝජනී ||
|-
|  ''රජ කෙල්ලෝ'' ||ෂර්ලි පී විජේරත්න||කාන්තා පොලිස් නිළදාරිනිය ||
|-
|  ''හිතට දුකක් නැති නිසා'' ||දිනේෂ් ප්‍රියසාද්|| ගුරුවරිය||
|-
|  ''පාරාදීසේ'' ||දිනේෂ් ප්‍රියසාද්|| ||
|-
|rowspan=&quot;2&quot; | 1990 ||  ''හොඳ හොඳ සෙල්ලම්'' ||දිනේෂ් ප්‍රියසාද් || ||
|-
|''වීරෝදාර'' ||ෂර්ලි පී විජේරත්න|| ||
|-
| 1989 ||  ''ශක්තිය ඔබයි අම්මා''|| රංග විජේන්ද්‍ර සහ ඇන්ටන් කිංස්ලි || ||
|-
|rowspan=&quot;3&quot; | 1988 ||  ''සිරි මැදුර'' || පරාක්‍රම නිරිඇල්ල || නිර්මලා ||
|-
| ''වරදට දඩුවම්'' || දිනේෂ් ප්‍රියසාද් || ||
|-
| ''නැව ගිලුනත් බෑන් චූන්''|| හේමසිරි සෙල්ලප්පෙරැම || ||
|-
|}

{{s-start}} {{s-ach|aw}}
{{s-bef|before=ස්වර්ණා කහවිට &lt;br&gt;  ''බිනරමලී'' |years=1970}}
{{s-ttl|title= සරසවිය හොඳම නිලිය සම්මානය &lt;br&gt;  ''හිගන කොල්ලා''|years=1980}}
{{s-aft|after=[[වසන්ති චතුරානි]] &lt;br&gt;  [[ගඟ අද්දර]]|years=1981}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[වසන්ති චතුරානි]] &lt;br&gt;  [[ගඟ අද්දර]]|years=1981}}
{{s-ttl|title= සරසවිය හොඳම නිලිය සම්මානය &lt;br&gt;  ''ආරාධනා''|years=1982}}
{{s-aft|after=&lt;br&gt; }} 
|-
{{s-bef|before=&lt;br&gt; }}
{{s-ttl|title= ජනප්‍රියම නිලිය සම්මානය &lt;br&gt;  |years=1980}}
{{s-aft|after=&lt;br&gt; }}
|-
{{s-bef|before=&lt;br&gt; }}
{{s-ttl|title= ජනප්‍රියම නිලිය සම්මානය &lt;br&gt;  |years=1981}}
{{s-aft|after=&lt;br&gt; }}
{{end}}

==මූලාශ්‍ර==
{{reflist}}

== බාහිර සබැඳි ==
*[http://www.nfc.gov.lk/artist/malani-fonseka-133/  Malani Fonseka , National Film Corporation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160130233917/http://www.nfc.gov.lk/artist/malani-fonseka-133/ |date=2016-01-30 }}
*[http://www.films.lk/ArtistDetails.php?id=8 Sri Lanka Sinhala Films Database - Malini Fonseka] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209042122/http://films.lk/ArtistDetails.php?id=8 |date=2014-02-09 }}
*[http://www.malinifonsekaonline.com Personal Website of Malini Fonseka] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100515143748/http://malinifonsekaonline.com/ |date=2010-05-15 }}
*{{IMDb name|0284717}}
*[http://www.www.nfc.gov.lk Official Website - National Film Corporation of Sri Lanka] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20120616234948/http://www.www.nfc.gov.lk/ |date=2012-06-16 }}
*[http://www.lesternsumitra.com Official Website of Lester James Peries in association with Ministry of Cultural Affairs, Sri Lanka]
*[http://www.dailynews.lk/2008/12/03/news03.asp  Malini wins Silver Peacock for Akasa Kusum]
*[http://www.lankadeepa.lk/Section/sandella/16122008/main.htm   Lankadeepa (Sandella)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081219102213/http://www.lankadeepa.lk/Section/sandella/16122008/main.htm |date=2008-12-19 }}
*[http://www.sarasaviya.lk/2008/12/04/supli/_art.asp?fn=sa0812041_1&amp;pn=ii  Malini Fonseka in Sinhala 1]{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
*[http://www.lankaenews.com/Sinhala/news.php?id=7412  Malini Fonseka in Sinhala 2] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090208031033/http://www.lankaenews.com/Sinhala/news.php?id=7412 |date=2009-02-08 }}

{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:මාලනි සෙනෙහෙලතා ෆොන්සේකා}}
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:1947 උපත්]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:ශ්‍රී ලාංකික බෞද්ධයෝ]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:ශ්‍රී ලාංකිකයෝ]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:රංගන ශිල්පීන්]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:ලංකික දේශපාලනඥයෝ]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:චරිත කතා]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:2025 මරණ]]</text>
      <sha1>r2dptxkc204dn8mfr9yzfwl5ovwxhhg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>සෙලාන් බැංකුව</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-26T03:57:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-25376-27</username>
        <id>78668</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* අර්බුධමය තත්වය */</comment>
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      <text bytes="4402" sha1="fpgvfo9carknvdq239rjo7cqkg5y134" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox company 
| name   = සෙලාන් බැංකුව&lt;br&gt;Seylan Bank PLC
| logo   = [[File:Seylan Bank logo.png|230px|Seylan Bank logo]]
| type   = පොදු
| traded_as    = {{cse|SEYB.N0000}} 
| company_slogan = 
| predecessor    = 
| foundation     = ක්‍රි.ව. 1987 &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.eseylan.com/about_us.php?action=history .. :: Seylan Bank :: ..:]&lt;/ref&gt;
| location       = [[කොළඹ]], [[ශ්‍රී ලංකාව]]
| key_people     = 
| area_served    = [[ශ්‍රී ලංකාව]]
| locations      = 
| industry       = මූල්‍යමය
| num_employees  = 
| products       = බැංකු, මූල්‍යමය සහ සම්බන්ධිත සේවා 
| revenue        = 
| net_income     = 
| homepage       = {{url|www.eseylan.com/sinhala}} 
}}

'''සෙලාන් බැංකුව''' යනු [[ශ්‍රී ලංකාව|ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ]] වූ වාණිජ බැංකුවකි. එය සතුව දිවයිනේ නාගරික සහ ග්‍රාමීය ප්‍රදේශයන්හී ශාඛා රැසක් පවතියි. 2013 වසර වන විට බැංකුව සතුව දිවයින පුරා බැංකු මධ්‍යස්ථාන 151 ක් සහ 4900 ක පමණ කාර්ය මණ්ඩල ප්‍රමාණයක් විය.

1987 අගෝස්තු 28 වන දිනදී සීමාසහිත පොදු බැඳුම් සමාගමක් ලෙස සංස්ථාපිත කරනු ලැබූ මෙය, 1992 වසරේදී සිය ප්‍රථම උප සමාගම ලෙස, සෙලාන් මර්චන්ට් බෑන්ක් ලිමිටඩ් (Seylan Merchant Bank Limited) පිහිටුවන ලදි. එම වසරේදීම බැංකුවේ ප්‍රධාන කාර්යාල ගාෙඩනැගිල්ල වූ සෙලින්කෝ සෙලාන් කුළුණ ඉදිකිරීම අරමුණු කර ගනිමින්, එහි දෙවන උප සමාගම ලෙස සෙලින්කෝ සෙලාන් ඩිවලොප්මන්ට්ස් ලිමිටඩ් (Ceylinco Seylan Developments Limited) පිහිටුවන ලදී.

==අර්බුධමය තත්වය==
සෙලින්කෝ සමූව ව්‍යාපාරයට අයත් ගෝල්ඩන් කී ක්‍රෙඩිට් කාඩ් සමාගමේ කඩා වැටීම සහ 2008 හිටපු සභාපතිවරයාගේ අරමුදල් අවකලමණාකරනය හේතුවෙන් 2008 වසරේ අවසන් සතියේදී සමාගම ද්‍රවශීලීතා අර්බුධයකට මුහුණ පාන ලදී. 2008 දෙසැම්බර් 28 වන දින [[ශ්‍රී ලංකා මහ බැංකුව]] විසින් සෙලාන් බැංකුව, ශ්‍රී ලංකා රජයට අයත් [[ලංකා බැංකුව|ලංකා බැංකුවේ]] (BOC) පාලනය යටතට පත් කරනු ලැබූ අතර, මෙය 30(1) කොටසේ 1949 අංක.58 දරණ මුදල් නීති පනත යටතේ ක්‍රියාවට නංවන ලදී.&lt;ref name=&quot;crisis&quot; /&gt;

මූල්‍යමය අස්ථාවරභාවය හේතුවෙන් සිය ගණුදෙණුකරුවන් වෙත නැවත ගෙවීම් සිදු කිරීමට ගෝල්ඩන් කී ක්‍රෙඩිට් කාඩ් සමාගම අසමර්ථ වීම හේතුවෙන්, සෙලාන් බැංකුවෙහි අර්බුධය තව දුරටත් උග්‍රවිය.&lt;ref name=&quot;crisis&quot;&gt;[http://www.dailynews.lk/2008/12/30/news01.asp CB bails out Seylan] Daily News, 2008-12-30&lt;/ref&gt;

==ආශ්‍රිත==
{{ආශ්‍රලැයිස්තුව}}

==බාහිර සබැඳි==
* [http://www.eseylan.com Seylan වෙබ් අඩවිය]

[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:බැංකු]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ බැංකු]]</text>
      <sha1>fpgvfo9carknvdq239rjo7cqkg5y134</sha1>
    </revision>
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    <title>ගීතා කුමාරසිංහ</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-25T17:07:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-25428-29</username>
        <id>78661</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>දත්ත නිවැරදි කිරීම</comment>
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      <text bytes="14125" sha1="4g7hgcyir62yzfeey250to0hs9vrzj4" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix = [[ගරු]]
| name             = ගීතා කුමාරසිංහ
| native_name      = கீதா குமாரசிங்க &lt;br /&gt; Geetha Kumarasinghe
| honorific-suffix = 
| image            = Geetha Samanmalee Kumarasinghe in Tehran (2023).jpg
| caption          = 2023 වසරෙහි ගීතා කුමාරසිංහ මහත්මිය
| office = කාන්තා හා ළමා කටයුතු රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍ය
| president  = [[රනිල් වික්‍රමසිංහ]]
| primeminister = [[දිනේෂ් ගුණවර්ධන]]
| predecessor =
| successor = 
| term_start = 8 සැප්තැම්බර් 2022
| term_end = 10 සැප්තැම්බර් 2024
| office1 = සංස්කෘතික හා ප්‍රාසංග කලා රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍ය
| president1  = [[ගෝඨාභය රාජපක්ෂ]]
| primeminister1 = [[මහින්ද රාජපක්ෂ]]
| predecessor1 =
| successor1 = 
| term_start1 = 18 අප්‍රේල් 2022
| term_end1 = 9 මැයි 2022 
| office2          = [[ගාල්ල මැතිවරණ දිස්ත්‍රික්කය|ගාල්ල දිස්ත්‍රික්කය]] සඳහා [[ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ පාර්ලිමේන්තුව|පාර්ලිමේන්තු]] මන්ත්‍රී
| majority3        = 63,955 මනාප ඡන්ද
| predecessor3     = 
| successor3       = පියසේන ගමගේ
| term_start3      = 1 සැප්තැම්බර් 2015
| term_end3        = 3 මැයි 2017
| term_start2      = 20 අගෝස්තු 2020
| term_end2        = 24 සැප්තැම්බර් 2024
| majority2        = 63,357 මනාප ඡන්ද
| birth_name       = කුමාර විදුගලගේ දෝන ගීතා සමන්මලී කුමාරසිංහ
| birth_date       = {{Birth date and age|1955|7|5|df=y}}
| birth_place      = [[බදුල්ල]], [[ශ්‍රී ලංකාව]]
| death_date       = 
| death_place      = 
| nationality      = [[ශ්‍රී ලාංකික]]
| party            = [[ශ්‍රී ලංකා පොදුජන පෙරමුණ]]
| occupation       = රංගන ශිල්පිනී, නිෂ්පාදිකා
| spouse           = ක්‍රිස් ෆුරර් ෆර්ඩිනන්ඩ් (වි. 1977; දි. 2018)
| residence        = [[ගාල්ල]]
| alma_mater       = සංඝමිත්තා බාලිකා විද්‍යාලය
| father           = 
| mother           = 
| website          = 
| awards           = [[සරසවිය සම්මාන|සරසවිය හොඳම නිළිය සම්මානය]]&lt;br /&gt;[[සරසවිය සම්මාන|සරසවිය ජනප්‍රියම නිළිය සම්මානය]]
}}

'''කුමාර විදුගලගේ දෝන ගීතා සමන්මලී කුමාරසිංහ''', ({{Lang-ta|கீதா குமாரசிங்க}}, {{Lang-en|Geetha Kumarasinghe}}; උපත 5 ජූලි 1955) හෙවත් '''ගීතා කුමාරසිංහ''', යනු [[ශ්‍රී ලංකාව|ශ්‍රී ලංකික]] නිළියෙකු සහ දේශපාලකයෙකි.&lt;ref name=&quot;cinema&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |title=සිංහල සිනමාවේ ‘ලස්සන කෙල්ල’ |url=http://www.silumina.lk/2021/05/28/දීපානි/සිංහල-සිනමාවේ-‘ලස්සන-කෙල්ල’ |archive-date=2021-06-04 |access-date=2021-06-04 |website=සිළුමිණ.lk}}&lt;/ref&gt; [[රනිල් වික්‍රමසිංහ]] මහතාගේ [[වික්‍රමසිංහ කැබිනට් මණ්ඩලය|පාලන සමයේදී]] ඒ මහත්මිය කාන්තා සහ ළමා කටයුතු රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍යවරියෙකු ලෙස කටයුතු කළේය.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=නව රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍යවරු දිවුරුම් දෙයි |website=සිළුමිණ.lk |date=8 සැප්තැම්බර් 2022 |url=https://www.silumina.lk/2022/09/08/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A/%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%80-%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA-%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94-%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A-%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92|access-date=19 සැප්තැම්බර් 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; ඇය [[ගාල්ල මැතිවරණ දිස්ත්‍රික්කය|ගාල්ල දිස්ත්‍රික්]] හිටපු [[ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ පාර්ලිමේන්තුව|පාර්ලිමේන්තු]] මන්ත්‍රීවරියෙකි.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.gossiplankanews.com/2020/08/pref-votes-all.html|title=සියලු මනාප ප්‍රතිඵල|newspaper=ගාසිප් ලංකා නිව්ස්|date=7 අගෝස්තු 2020|access-date=14 අගෝස්තු 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
==රංගන වෘත්තිය==
කුඩා කල සිටම ඇය ගායනයට හා නැටීමට ඇගේ දක්ෂතා පෙන්නුම් කළාය. ඇය පාසල් වේදිකාවේ 'චෝර පබ්බත' නාට්‍යයේ 'කුණ්ඩලකේෂි' චරිතය කළා. ඇගේ පියා සිනමා වෘත්තියක් අනුමත නොකළත්. මේ අතර බෙන්තොට ‘සවස’ පුවත්පත මගින් සංවිධානය කරන ‘අවුරුදු රූප සුන්දරී’ තරගයට ගීතා ඉදිරිපත් කරන ලෙස අසල්වාසීහු ඇයගේ දෙමාපියන්ට බල කළහ. ඇගේ පියා අවසර දුන්නේ පවුලේ මිතුරිය අමිතා අබේසේකරගේ ඉල්ලීමකට අනුවයි.&lt;ref name=&quot;cinema&quot; /&gt; 1973 දී වයස අවුරුදු 16 දී ගීතා තරඟයෙන් ජයග්‍රහණය කළාය. රූ රැජින තරගයට සහභාගි වන විට ඇයගේ මව නිතරම ඇය සමඟ සිටියා. ඇයගේ නැන්දා වන අනුලා වික්‍රමපාල කීර්තිමත් අධ්‍යක්ෂක [[ලෙස්ටර් ජේම්ස් පීරිස්]]ගේ මිතුරියක් ද විය. ඔහුගේ &quot;රන්සළු&quot; චිත්‍රපටිය සඳහා ස්ථානය ලෙස යොදාගෙන ඇත්තේ ඇගේ නැන්දලාගේ මන්දිරයයි. &lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=Biography of Geetha |url=http://www.geethakumarasinghe.com/site/biographya.htm |access-date=2022-09-20 |archive-date=2012-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120714034123/http://geethakumarasinghe.com/site/biographya.htm }}&lt;/ref&gt; පාසල් නිවාඩුව කොල්ලුපිටියේ නැන්දලාගේ නිවසේ ගත කරන පුංචි ගීතා ඇගේ ළමා වීරවරිය වූ 'පුණ්‍යා හීන්දෙණිය' අනුකරණය කළාය. 

==දේශපාලන ජීවිතය==
2015 පාර්ලිමේන්තු මැතිවරණයෙන් ඇය පාර්ලිමේන්තු මන්ත්‍රී වරියක් ලෙස තේරී පත් වූ අතර, ස්විට්සර්ලන්තයේ සහ ශී ලාංකීය ද්ත්ව පුරවැසිභාවය හිමි වී තිබීම හේතුවෙන් 19 වෙනි ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්තාවට අනුව 2017-05-03 දින ගාල්ල දිස්ත්‍රික් පාර්ලිමේන්තු මන්ත්‍රීනි ගීතා කුමාරසිංහ පාර්ලිමේන්තු මන්ත්‍රී ධුරයක් දැරීමට නුසුදුසු තැනැත්තියක් බව අභියාචනාධිකරණය තීන්දු කළේය.&lt;ref&gt;[https://archive.ph/fCw8E ශ්‍රී ලංකා පාර්ලිමේන්තුව - මන්ත්‍රීවරියන්] ''සංස්කරණය'' ''එම්.ඒ.ඩී.ඩී.මීගල්ල''&lt;/ref&gt; අභියාචනාධිකරණය මෙම නියෝගය කළේ ගාල්ල දිස්ත්‍රික්කයේ ඡන්දදායකයින් පිරිසක් ඉදිරිපත් කළ පෙත්සමක තීන්දුව ප්‍රකාශයට පත්කරමිනි.

==ඇය රඟපෑ චිත්‍රපට==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! වසර   !!  චිත්‍රපට !!
|-
| 1975 ||  දමයන්ති ||
|-
| 1976 || වාසනා ||
|-
| 1976 || ආශා ||
|-
| 1976 || රන් තිලකා ||
|-
| 1976 || ඔන්න මාමෙ කෙල්ල පැනපි ||
|-
| 1977 || [[මරුවා සමඟ වාසේ]]|| රන් මැණිකා 
|-
| 1977 || නිලූකා ||
|-
| 1977 || චණ්ඩි පුතා ||
|-
| 1977 || [[පෙම්බර මධූ]] ||
|-
| 1977 || ඇගේ ආදර කතාව ||
|-
| 1978 || මදුවන්ති ||
|-
| 1978 || සරා ||
|-
| 1978 || දීපාංජලී ||
|-
| 1978 || සීතා දේවී ||
|-
| 1978 || අපේක්ෂා ||
|-
| 1979 || සමන්මලී ||
|-
| 1979 || පොඩි මල්ලී ||
|-
| 1979 || ජීවන කඳුළු ||
|-
| 1979 || අක්කෙ මට අවසර ||
|-
| 1979 || සවුදන් ජෙමා ||
|-
| 1976 || කොළඹ සන්නිය ||
|-
| 1979 || මිනිසුන් අතර මිනිසෙක්||
|-
| 1980 || [[කරුමක්කාරයෝ]] ||
|-
| 1980 || සිරිබෝ අයියා ||
|-
| 1981 || අන්ජානා ||
|-
| 1981 || [[වාලම්පුරි]] ||
|-
| 1982 || මහ ගෙදර ||
|-
| 1983 || යලි පිපුණු මලක් ||
|-
| 1983 || [[සිව්රඟ සේනා]]||
|-
| 1983 || බෝනික්කා ||
|-
| 1984 || මායා (1984 චිත්‍රපටිය)|මායා ||
|-
| 1984 || හිම කතර ||
|-
| 1986 || ජය අපටයි ||
|-
| 1987 || රත්තරන් මිනිහෙක් ||
|-
| 1987 || [[යුක්තියද ශක්තියද]] ||
|-
| 1987 || [[රජ වැඩකාරයෝ]] ||
|-
| 1987 || ඔබටයි ප්‍රියේ ආදරේ ||
|-
| 1988 || අම්මෙ ඔබ නිසා ||
|-
| 1988 || දුර්ගා ||
|-
| 1989 || බදුලු කෝච්චිය ||
|-
| 1990 || පාලම යට || නිෂ්පාදනය
|-
| 1991 || සළඹක් හඬයි || නිෂ්පාදනය
|-
| 1991 || ලව් ඉන් බැංකොක් ||
|-
| 1992 || කදිරා ||
|-
| 1993 || නෙළුම් හා සමනලී ||
|-
| 1994 || අඹු සැමියෝ ||
|-
| 1995 || ඉන්ස්පෙක්ටර් ගීතා ||
|-
| 1995 || චාන්දනී ||
|-
| 1995 || සුදු වලස්සු ||
|-
| 1996 || ලොකු දුව || නිෂ්පාදනය 
|-
| 1996 || හිත හොඳ ගැහැනියක් ||
|-
| 2000 || රාජ්‍ය සේවය පිණිසයි ||
|-
| 2004 || රන් දිය දහර ||
|}

==සම්මාන සහ ප්‍රධානයන්==
===[[ජනාධිපති සම්මාන]]===
*1981 - හොඳම සහය නිළිය 
*1997 - හොඳම නිළිය - ලොකු දුව
*2000 - නිර්මාණාත්මක කුසලතා - අනුරාගයේ අනන්තය 
*2000 - හොඳම නිළිය - රාජ්‍ය සේවය පිණිසයි 
*2005 - හොඳම නිළිය - රන් දිය දහර 

===[[සරසවිය සම්මාන]]===
*1990 - හොඳම නිළිය - පාලම යට 
*1990 - ජනප්‍රිය නිළිය
*1996 - හොඳම නිළිය - ලොකු දුව
*2000 - හොඳම නිළිය - රාජ්‍ය සේවය පිණිසයි 
*2004 - හොඳම නිළිය - රන් දිය දහර 
===සිග්නිස් (ඕ.සී.අයි.සී)===
*1990 - Merit Awards - පාලම යට
*2005 - Most Outstanding Performance - රන් දිය දහර

===වෙනත්===
*1990 - ස්වර්ණ සංඛ සිනමා උළෙල - හොඳම නිළිය - පාලම යට
*1996 - ස්වර්ණ සංඛ සිනමා උළෙල - හොඳම නිළිය - ලොකු දුව
*2015 පාර්ලිමේන්තූ මන්ත්‍රීවරියක් ලෙස.

==මූලාශ්‍ර==
{{ආශ්‍රලැයිස්තුව}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:කුමාරසිංහ, ගීතා}}
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:1955 උපත්]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:ශ්‍රී ලාංකිකයෝ]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:ශ්‍රී ලාංකික දේශපාලනඥයෝ]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:ශ්‍රී ලාංකික බෞද්ධයෝ]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:ලාංකික සිංහලයෝ]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:චරිත කතා]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:ජීවමාන ජනයා]]</text>
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      <comment>මරණය ගැන එක්කිරීම</comment>
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      <text bytes="20068" sha1="cylgad56p2cuo4bozamutz7gyto1klp" xml:space="preserve">'''ටෙනිසන් පෙරේරා''' (1940.02.02 - 24.04.2026) යනු ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ සිටි කෘතහස්ත ලේඛකයෙකි. කෘති සියයකට අධික ගණනක්&lt;ref name=කමල්/&gt; ලියා තිබෙන ඔහු ප්‍රවීණ [[කෙටිකතාව|කෙටිකතාකරුවෙක්]], [[නවකතාව|නවකතාකරුවෙක්]] සහ [[පරිවර්තනය|පරිවර්තකයෙක්]] ද වෙයි. නව සාහිත්‍ය ප්‍රවණතා මෙරටට හදුන්වා දීමට මුල් වූ ලේඛකයන් අතර ප්‍රමුඛයෙක් ලෙස සැලකෙන ඔහුගේ මුල්කාලීන කෘති ආගමික සංස්ථාව, ජාතිවාදය, ධනේශ්වර සමාජය නිර්දය විවේචනයකට හසු කරයි. [[කේ. කේ. සමන් කුමාර]] තමන් විසින් සිංහල සාහිත්‍යයයේ [[නූතනවාදය|නූතනවාදී]] ත්‍රිත්වය වශයෙන් හදුනා ගන්නා ලේඛකයන් අතරට [[සයිමන් නවගත්තේගම]] සහ [[අජිත් තිලකසේන]] සමග ටෙනිසන් පෙරේරා ද ඇතුළත් කරයි.&lt;ref&gt; මිහිදුකුල, සුනිල්. [http://www.vivaranews.com/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=1569:2017-10-05-20-40-45&amp;catid=56&amp;Itemid=144 ''මම ඉතිං ජීවත් වෙන්න මේසන් බාස්ලා වගෙ එක එක වැඩ කරනවා - කේ. කේ. සමන් කුමාර''.] විවරණ. 2017 ඔක්තෝම්බර් 5 &lt;/ref&gt;

වයස 18දී උත්තරීතර සඳඑළිය කෙටිකතා සංග්‍රහය පළකරමින් සාහිත්‍ය ලෝකයට&lt;ref name=godage/&gt; පිවිසෙන ඔහු 1967 වසරේ දී දැති රෝදෙන් උපන් බුදුන් නම් ආන්දෝලනාත්මක කෙටිකතා සංග්‍රහය රචනා කිරීමෙන් ප්‍රසිද්ධියට පත් විය. කාර්මික බුදුවරයකු ලාංකීය සමාජයට ඇවැසි ය යන අදහස දෙමින් ලියැවුණු එය රජය විසින් තහනම් කෙරුණි.&lt;ref name=කසීර&gt;වික්‍රමසිංහ, සහන් කසීර. [https://www.samabima.com/?p=19037 ''ආගමික ත්‍රස්තවාදය සහ සාහිත්‍යය''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011114433/http://www.samabima.com/?p=19037 |date=2018-10-11 }}. සමබිම. 2018. ඔක්තෝම්බර් 10&lt;/ref&gt;මෙය ලංකාවේ තහනමකට ලක් වූ මුල් ම කෘතිය යි. ඔහුගේ බොහොමයක් කෙටිකතා සහ නවකතා තුළ [[අධිතාත්විකවාදය|අධිතාත්විකවාදී]] සහ [[මායායථාර්ථවාදය|මායායථාර්ථවාදී]] ලක්ෂණ දැකගත හැකි ය.

==ජීවන තොරතුරු== 

1940 පෙබරවාරි 2 දින&lt;ref name=godage&gt;http://www.godage.com/authors/english-book/133-tennyson-perera.html{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=April 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;[[කැලණිය|කැලණියේ]] දී&lt;ref&gt;සුබසිංහ, මනෝලි.  [http://archives.dinamina.lk/2010/03/03/_art.asp?fn=f1003034&amp;p=1 ''පරිකල්පනයෙන් තොර නිර්මාණ බංකොලොත්: ප්‍රවීණ සාහිත්‍යධර ටෙනිසන් පෙරේරා'']{{භින්න වූ සබැඳි|date=March 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. ලිවිසැරිය. දිනමිණ&lt;/ref&gt;උපත ලැබී ය. එකල කුඩා බුත්ගමුවේ පිහිටි (අද කුමර විදුහල නමින් හැදින්වෙන) රජයේ ඉංග්‍රීසි මිශ්‍ර පාඨශාලාවෙන් ඉගෙනුම ලැබී ය.&lt;ref name=කමල්&gt;පෙරේරා, කමල්.[http://www.dinamina.lk/2017/01/31/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C/28978 ''පන්හිඳක් සමඟ හැට වසරක්''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009023054/http://www.dinamina.lk/2017/01/31/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C/28978 |date=2018-10-09 }}. දිනමිණ. 2017 ජනවාරි 31&lt;/ref&gt; උසස් පෙළ සදහා [[දර්ශනය]] විෂය හැදෑරූ&lt;ref name=සිළුමිණ/&gt;හෙතෙම පසුව පේරාදෙණිය විශ්වවිද්‍යාලයෙන් එම විෂය සදහා බාහිර උපාධියක් ලබා ගත්තේ ය.{{citation needed}} රජයේ මුද්‍රණාලයේ ආධුනිකයකු වශයෙන් වෘත්තීය ජීවිතය ඇරඹී ය.&lt;ref name=සිළුමිණ&gt;මිහිදුකුල, සුනිල්. [http://www.silumina.lk/2017/02/04/%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%A9%E0%B6%BD/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BD-%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80-%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%AC%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92-%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92 ''සිංහල නවකතාව දරදඬුයි; අනම්‍යයි''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412074107/http://www.silumina.lk/2017/02/04/%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%A9%E0%B6%BD/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BD-%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80-%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%AC%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92-%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92 |date=2019-04-12 }}
. සිළුමිණ. 2017 පෙබරවාරි 4&lt;/ref&gt; [[කොමියුනිස්ට් වාදය|කොමියුනිස්ට්]] පක්ෂයේ චීන පිළේ සාමාජිකයෙකු ලෙස වාමාංශික දේශපාලනයෙහි ද නිරත විය. 2026 අප්‍රේල් මස 24 වැනි දින ඔහු අභාවප්‍රාප්ත විය. &lt;ref&gt;https://www.newsfirst.lk/sinhala/2026/04/25/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD-%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%96-%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB&lt;/ref&gt; 

==සාහිත්‍ය කෘති==
ටෙනිසන් පෙරේරා සිය නිර්මාණවලට පාදක කරගත්තේ සමාජයේ පීඩිත ව සිටින සාමාන්‍ය පංතියේ ජනතාවගේ ජීවිතයයි.&lt;ref name=කුලතිලක&gt;කුමාරසිංහ, කුලතිලක. &quot;කේ. කේ. සමන් කුමාරගේ කෙටිකතා”. සාහිත්‍යය උත්සව විශේෂ කලාපය, 2008. (සමන් කුමාර, කේ. කේ., සර්පයකු හා සටන් වැද. තෙවන මුද්‍රණය. 2014. සයුර ප්‍රකාශන හි උපග්‍රන්ථයක් ලෙස යොදා ඇත. පි. 105-138)&lt;/ref&gt; &quot;ජීවන පුරුෂාර්ථ හා උදර පෝෂණය අතර අරගලය ටෙනිසන් තරම් ගැඹුරින් නූතනවාදී සාහිත්යික ලක්ෂණ උපයෝගී කරගෙන නිරූපණය කළ වෙනත් ලේඛකයෙකු නොමැති තරම්&quot; යැයි මහාචාර්ය කුලතිලක කුමාරසිංහ පවසයි.&lt;ref name=කුලතිලක/&gt; කේ. කේ. සමන් කුමාර සයිමන් නවගත්තේගමගේ කෘති ඇසුරින් හදුනාගන්නා බෞද්ධ දර්ශනය ඇසුරු කරගත් ශ්‍රී ලංකාවට ම උරුම වූ පශ්චාත් නූතන සාහිත්‍යය ප්‍රවර්ගයක් වන බෞද්ධ ප්‍රඥා මාර්ගික සාහිත්‍යයට ටෙනිසන්ගේ සක්වල දඩයම කෘතිය ද අයත් වන බව ඔහු පෙන්වා දේ.&lt;ref name=ප්‍රඥා&gt;{{Cite book
 | last = සමන් කුමාර
 | first =  කේ. කේ.
 | year = 2014
 | title = සාහිත්‍ය ෂානර විමංසා
 | publisher = සයුර ප්‍රකාශන
 | isbn = 978-955-4788-08-4
 | pages = 171-172
 | chapter = බෞද්ධ ප‍්‍රඥා මාර්ගික සාහිත්‍යය
 | chapter-url= https://cybersarpaya.blogspot.com/2012/03/blog-post_18.html?fbclid=IwAR2wv1vpndkXL-rxLytqsBLgw5yVvvynYHqnd0ev0mq7HB76A53xYnnf5m8
 | quote = 
}}&lt;/ref&gt;ටෙනිසන්ගේ සක්වළ දඩයම නවකතාවේ සහ සයිමන්ගේ කෘති අතර සමානතා නිරීක්ෂණය කරන සමන් කුමාර මහා විහාරික ථෙරවාද මහාවංශ ඉතිහාස විවරණය ඉක්මවා යෑමට උත්සහ කිරීම, හීනයාන බෞද්ධ සංකල්ප වෙනුවට මහායාන බුදුදහම කරා යොමු වීම සහ හීනයානික ශ්‍රද්ධා මාර්ගය වෙනුවට මහායානික ප්‍රඥා මාර්ගය කරා යොමුවීම වැනි සිය නිරීක්ෂණ ඊට නිදසුන් ලෙස දක්වයි.&lt;ref name=ප්‍රඥා/&gt; 

ටෙනිසන් පශ්චාත් යටත්විජිත ප්‍රවේශයකින්&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book
 | last = සමන් කුමාර
 | first =  කේ. කේ.
 | year = 2014
 | title = සාහිත්‍ය ෂානර විමංසා
 | publisher = සයුර ප්‍රකාශන
 | isbn = 978-955-4788-08-4
 | page = 127
 | quote = 
}}&lt;/ref&gt; යුතු මෙන් ම උපහාසය අතිවිශිෂ්ට ව භාවිත කළ&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book
 | last = සමන් කුමාර
 | first =  කේ. කේ.
 | year = 2014
 | title = සාහිත්‍ය ෂානර විමංසා
 | publisher = සයුර ප්‍රකාශන
 | isbn = 978-955-4788-08-4
 | page = 130
 | quote = 
}}&lt;/ref&gt; ලේඛකයෙකු ද වේ. 
===දැතිරෝදෙන් උපන් බුදුන්===
ඔහු සිය දෙවන කෙටිකතා සංග්‍රහය වන දැති රෝදෙන් උපන් බුදුන් ප්‍රකාශයට පත් කළේ 1967 වසරේ දී ය. ලාංකික සමාජයට කාර්මික බුදුවරයෙක් ඇවැසි ය යන අදහස දෙමින් ලියැවුණු එය පවතින ධනේශ්වර සමාජය සහ ආගමික සංස්ථාව දැඩි විවේචනයකට හසුකරන්නක් විය. බෞද්ධ සමිති සම්මේලනය වෙනුවෙන් ලීලානන්ද කල්දේරා නම් අය කළ පැමිණිල්ලක් මත එම කෘතිය ලිවීමෙන් බුදුදහමට අපහාස කළ බව පවසමින් පොලීසිය විසින් ටෙනිසන් පෙරේරා ව අත්අඩංගුවට ගැනුණු අතර කොටුව රහස් පොලීසියට ගෙන යන ඔහු ව එහි දී නිළධාරීන් විසින් ප්‍රශ්න කිරීමට ලක්විය.&lt;ref name=කසීර/&gt; පසුව කෘතිය රජය විසින් තහනම් කළ අතර වෙළදපොළේ තිබූ එහි පිටපත් සියල්ල මුද්‍රා තැබුණි. ටෙනිසන් පෙරේරා සතු ව තිබූ ඉතිරි පිටපත් සියල්ල ද රාජසන්තක කෙරුණි.&lt;ref name=කසීර/&gt;ඔහු කොමියුනිස්ට් පක්ෂයේ චීන පිළේ පෙළඹවීම මත එම කෘතිය ලියන්නට ඇතැ යි යන්න පැමිණිලිකරුවන්ගේ විශ්වාසය විය. &lt;ref name=කසීර/&gt;

ටෙනිසන්ගේ නිර්මාණවලට නිතරම වාගේ  විෂය වී ඇත්තේ සමාජයේ පීඩිත පංතිවල අත්දැකීම් බව දක්වන මහාචාර්ය කුලතිලක කුමාරසිංහ ටෙනිසන් පෙරේරා &quot;දැති රෝදෙන් උපන් බුදුන් කෘතියෙන්” ඉතා &quot;නිර්දය ස්වරූපයකින් සම්මතය කඩා සුණු විසුණු කොට - මේඝ ගර්ජනා කරන ස්වරයකින් අත්දැකීම් විවරණය&quot; කළ බව පවසයි.&lt;ref name=කුලතිලක/&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;ලෝක සාහිත්‍ය කියැවීම, දර්ශනය හා මාක්ස්වාදය හැදෑරීම වෙතින් පෘථුල වූ චින්තනයේ භාව ප්‍රකාශනයක් විදියට තමයි මේ පොත එළිදකින්නේ. සමාජය පිළිබඳ ආගමික සංස්ථා පිළිබඳ මා තුළ තිබුණු කැකෑරෙන විරෝධය, විවේචනය හා පිළිකුල මේ පොතෙන් හොඳහැටි පේනවා.&lt;ref name=&quot;සිළුමිණ&quot; /&gt; 

- ටෙනිසන් පෙරේරා&lt;/blockquote&gt;

===දුට්ඨගාමිණී නොමළ වගයි=== 
===සක්වළ දඩයම===
ටෙනිසන්ගේ සක්වළ දඩයමට විෂය වන්නේ බුදුවරියක් වීමට පෙරුම් පුරන බෝසත්වරියක් පිළිබද කථාවකි. ඔහු එය සිංහලයන්ගේ සම්භවය ගැන කිවෙන සිංහබාහු, විජය-කුවේණි පුවත් සමග බද්ධ කරමින් පුරාකෘතික තලයක ඉදිරිපත් කරයි. දේවසභාවේ පුරුෂාධිපත්‍යයට එරෙහි ව තමා විසින් බිහිකරන බෝසත්වරියක් අනාගතයේ බුදුබවට පත්කරවන බවට අඥ්ඥතරා අභියෝග කරයි. අඥ්ඥතරා යනු මහායාන පීතෘ දේවතා සංකල්පයකි. අඥ්ඥතරාගේ මේ බලාපොරොත්තුව ඉටුකිරීමට නියමිත වන්නේ පද්මි නම් බෝසත්වරියයි. බුදුබව ලබාගැනීමේ පූර්වඅවශ්‍යතාවයක් ලෙස ඇය පුරුෂ ශුක්‍ර එක්රැස් කරගත යුතු වෙයි. ඇයගේ ආරක්ෂාව සැපයීම බාරවන්නේ විජයට ය. නමුත් විජය සමග කාම පාශයේ ගැලීම නිසා පද්මිට බුදුබව අහිමි වේ.&lt;ref name=සංසාර&gt;{{Cite book
 | last = සමන් කුමාර
 | first =  කේ. කේ.
 | year = 2007
 | title = සිංහල ජාතියේ වංශකතාව, සංසාරණ්‍යය සහ සයිමන් නවගත්තේගම
 | publisher = කර්තෘ ප්‍රකාශන
 | isbn = 9789551823009
 | pages = 
 | quote = 
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

මෙමගින් ටෙනිසන් 90 දශකය මුල ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ මතු වූ ස්ත්‍රීවාදී ව්‍යාපාරය ගැන පවසන බව සමන් කුමාරගේ මතයයි.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book
 | last = සමන් කුමාර
 | first =  කේ. කේ.
 | year = 2014
 | title = සාහිත්‍ය ෂානර විමංසා
 | publisher = සයුර ප්‍රකාශන
 | isbn = 978-955-4788-08-4
 | page = 173
 | quote = 
 | chapter = බෞද්ධ ප‍්‍රඥා මාර්ගික සාහිත්‍යය
 | chapter-url= https://cybersarpaya.blogspot.com/2012/03/blog-post_18.html?fbclid=IwAR2wv1vpndkXL-rxLytqsBLgw5yVvvynYHqnd0ev0mq7HB76A53xYnnf5m8
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

==කෙටිකතා==
*උත්තරීතර සඳඑළිය (1958) 
*දැති රෝදෙන් උපන් බුදුන් (1967) - වාරණය වී ඇත. 
*රතු බැනරය 
*නිදහසේ දරුවාගේ උමතු කතාව
*ඔව් නගරයෙන් නෑ නගරයට 
*මහගෙදර නිධානය
*ඉන්ද්‍රජාල කතන්දර
*වෛවර්ණ
*අසිරිමත් වැඩබිම (රාජ්‍ය සාහිත්‍යය සම්මාන) 
*වීරබිමේ කළබැගෑනිය (2012)
==නවකතා==
*දුට්ඨගාමිණී නොමළ වගයි (1968) 
*සත්‍යවාදීන්ගේ මරණ මංචකය
*අග්නි කල්පය 
*සක්වල දඩයම 
*මම චක්‍රවර්ති
*මම වෙස්මාරු කරගෙන
*රාජාභරණ 
*ගින්නෙන් නැගෙන දුම් 
*භවාන්තරය (ස්වර්ණ පුස්තක සම්මානයට නිර්දේශ විය) 
*අබිරහස් ජීවිත තරණය (ස්වර්ණ පුස්තක සම්මානයට නිර්දේශ විය) 
*සසර දිගන්තය 
*මහා රාවණා (ෆෙයා වේ සම්මානය)
*එකොලොස් ගිනි
*දණ්ඩභූමි
*සූරිය කන්ද පාමුල
==පරිවර්තන==
*නඩු යන්නෝ (ෆ්‍රාන්ස් කෆ්කාගේ the Trial නවකතාවේ සිංහල පරිවර්තනයකි) 
*රූපාන්තරණය (ෆ්‍රාන්ස් කෆ්කාගේ metamorphosis නවකතාවේ සිංහල පරිවර්තනයකි) 
*අරාබි නිසොල්ලාසය 
*ප්‍රේමය සහ තවත් යක්කු 
==ආශ්‍රිත නාමාවලිය==

[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:නූතන සිංහල සාහිත්‍යය]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:ශ්‍රී ලාංකික ලේඛකයෝ]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:ලාංකික සිංහලයෝ]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>රණබිම රාජකීය විද්‍යාලය, මහනුවර</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-25T16:24:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-25447-75</username>
        <id>78660</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>පාසලේ විශේශත්වය පිලිබද</comment>
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      <text bytes="14361" sha1="7kpt2cdnbbklabiouawll9l4q4clvcv" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox school
 | name                    = රණබිම රාජකීය විද්‍යාලය, මහනුවර
 | logo                    =
 | logo_size               = 150
 | image                   = RRC_pic_19.jpg
 | caption                 = 
 | motto                   = 
 | motto_translation       = 
 | location                = [[මහනුවර]]
 | country                 = [[ශ්‍රී ලංකාව]]
 | coordinates             = {{Coord|6.924822|79.860405|display=inline}}
 | pushpin_map             = 
 | pushpin_image           = 
 | pushpin_mapsize         = 
 | pushpin_map_alt         = 
 | pushpin_map_caption     = 
 | type                    = පළාත් පාසලකි
 | religion                = සර්වාගමික පාසලකි
 | denomination            = 
 | established             = {{Start date and age|1996|03|02|df=yes}}
 | grades                  = 6 – 13
 | founder                 = W. M. P. B. දිසානායක සහ පාලිත  ඇල්කඩුව
 | gender                  = බාලක
 | principal               = මාලක පෙරේරා
 | staff                   = 150 ක් පමණ
 | lower_age               = අවුරුදු 11
 | upper_age               = අවුරුදු 17 - 18
 | area                    = 15 ක් පමණ
 | houses                  = 1 . Super Maroon
2.  Botten Green 
3.  Royal Blue
4.  Golden Yellow
( 2024 ජයග්‍රහණ අනුපිළිවෙල අනුවයි. )
 | colors                  = කොල 
කහ
නිල්
 | alumni                  = 
 | alumni_name             = 
 | website                 = {{URL|www.ranabimaroyalcollege.com/}}
}}

රණබිම රාජකීය විද්‍යාලය ([[ඉංග්‍රීසි භාෂාව|English]]: Ranabima Royal College) , රාජකීය විද්‍යාලය ලෙසද හැඳින්වේ. මෙය ශ්‍රීලංකාවේ විදුහල් අතර ප්‍රමුඛත්වයක් දිනා සිටී.සිසුන් බොහෝ දෙනෙක් අනෙකුත් පාසල් වලටවඩා තරගවල මෙන්ම සාමානය පෙළ හා උසස් පෙළ වැනි දේවල්වලින් දිවයිනේ හොදම පාසල ලෙස පිටපිට වාර් තා  තබා ඇත. [[ශ්‍රී ලංකාව|ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ]] [[මහනුවර|මහනුවර නගරය]] අසල ගන්නෝරුව ප්‍රදේශයේහි පිහිටි පළාත් පාසලකි. මෙම පාසල ගන්නෝරුව සහ හන්තාන කඳු වලින් වටවී ඇති අතර [[මහවැලි ගඟ|මහවැලි ගං]] ඉවුරේ පිහිටා ඇත. දිවිදොස් අභයභූමිය පිහිටා ඇත්තේ පාසල අසලම වන අතර [[රාජකීය උද්භිද උද්‍යානය, ශ්‍රී ලංකාව|රාජකීය උද්භිද උද්‍යානය]] සහ [[පේරාදෙණිය‍ විශ්වවිද්‍යාලය|පේරාදෙණිය විශ්ව විද්‍යාලය]]ද ඇත. කෘෂිකර්ම දෙපාර්තමේන්තුවේ කෘෂිකාර්මික පර්යේෂණ ආයතනය පාසල අසල පිහිටා ඇත. මෙම පාසල පේරාදෙණියේ සිට නව කොළඹ-මහනුවර අධිවේගී මාර්ගය හරහා කිලෝමීටර 2 ක් (සැතපුම් 1.2) සහ මහනුවර මධ්‍යයේ සිට කිලෝමීටර 6 ක් (සැතපුම් 3.7) දුරින් පිහිටා ඇත.
[[ගොනුව:The_College_Anthem.jpg|alt=The College Anthem|thumb|පාසල් ගීය]]

== ඉතිහාසය ==
රණබිම රාජකීය විද්‍යාලය ආරම්භ කරන ලද්දේ [[මධ්‍යම පළාත, ශ්‍රී ලංකාව|මධ්‍යම පළාතේ]] හිටපු මහ ඇමති ඩබ්ලිව්. එම්. පී. දිසනායක සහ මධ්‍යම පළාතේ හිටපු අධ්‍යාපන දෙපාර්තමේන්තුවේ ලේකම් පාලිත ඇල්කඩුව විසිනි. මධ්‍යම පළාත් ආණ්ඩුකාර ස්ටැන්ලි තිලකරත්න මහතා විසින් 1996 මාර්තු 2 වන දින මෙම පාසල නිල වශයෙන් විවෘත කරන ලදී. පාසලේ පළමු විදුහල්පති එස්. එම්. කීර්තිරත්න මහතා වූ අතර එහි අධ්‍යයන කාර්ය මණ්ඩලය 16 ක් සිටියහ. පාසලේ මුලින් සිසුන් 320 ක් සිටියහ - සිංහල මාධ්‍ය සිසුන් 240 ක් සහ දෙමළ මාධ්‍යයෙන් 80 ක් පාසලේ සිසුන් ප්‍රථම වරට සාමාන්‍ය පෙළ හා [[අ.පො.ස. උසස්පෙළ, ශ්‍රී ලංකා|උසස් පෙළ]] විභාග සඳහා පිළිවෙලින් 2000 සහ 2003 දී පෙනී සිටියහ.

පාසල ඉදිකර ඇති භූමියට ඓතිහාසික සම්බන්ධතා ඇත. 1638 දී ඓතිහාසික ගන්නෝරුව සටන පෘතුගීසීන් සහ සිංහල හමුදාවන් අතර ගන්නෝරු තැන්නහි ඇති විය. [[දෙවන රාජසිංහ රජ|දෙවන රාජසිංහ රජු]] සහ විජයපාල කුමරු මෙම සටන මෙහෙය වීය. මහනුවර දී පෘතුගීසීන් සහ සිංහලයන් අතර අවසන් සටන ද එය විය.

== විදුහල්පතිවරු ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!&amp;nbsp;
!කාලය
!නම
|-
|1 වන
|1996-2001
|එස්. එම්. කීර්තිරත්න
|-
|2 වන
|2001-2003
|ඩබ්ලිව්. වීරසූරිය
|-
|3 වන
|2003-2005
|ඒ. කේ. දිවාරත්න
|-
|4 වන
|2006-2010
|ටී. සී. කීර්තිරත්න
|-
|5 වන
|2011-2014
|එස්. එම්. එම්. ජී. අබේරත්න
|-
|6 වන
|2014-2016
|ඊ. එම්. අබේසේකර
|-
|7 වන
|2016-2019
|කේ. ඩබ්ලිව්. යූ. චන්ද්‍රකුමාර
|-
|8 වන
|2019-2023
|කර්නල් රංජිත් රාජපක්ෂ
|-
|9 වන
|2023- සිට
|එම්. පෙරේරා
|-
|}

== අධ්‍යාපනය ==
රණබිම රාජකීය විද්‍යාලයට ඇතුළත් වීමට ඇති එකම ක්‍රමය [[මධ්‍යම පළාත, ශ්‍රී ලංකාව|මධ්‍යම පළාතේ අධ්‍යාපන දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව]] විසින් පවත්වනු ලබන ඉහළ තරඟකාරී විභාගයක් වන අතර එහිදී මධ්‍යම පළාතේ සිසුන්ට පමණක් සහභාගී විය හැකිය. එනම් 5 වන ශ්‍රේණිය [[ශිෂ්‍යත්ව විභාගය|ශිෂ්‍යත්ව විභාගයෙන්]] හෝ අ.පො.ස. සාමාන්‍ය පෙළ විභාගයෙන් රණබිම රාජකීය විද්‍යාලයට සිසුන් ඇතුළත් කර ගත නොහැක. මෙම ප්‍රවේශ විභාගය විෂයයන් 3 කින් සමන්විත වේ.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; [[මව් භාෂාව]] ([[සිංහල භාෂාව|සිංහල]] / [[දෙමළ භාෂාව|දෙමළ]])

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; [[ගණිතය]] 

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; සාමාන්‍ය දැනීම

මෙම පාසල 6 සිට 13 ශ්‍රේණි දක්වා සමන්විත වේ. 11 ශ්‍රේණිය දක්වා සෑම ශ්‍රේණියක් තුළම [[සිංහල භාෂාව|සිංහල මාධ්‍ය]] පන්ති දෙකක්, [[දෙමළ භාෂාව|දමිළ මාධ්‍ය]] පන්තියක් සහ [[ඉංග්‍රීසි භාෂාව|ඉංග්‍රීසි මාධ්‍ය]] පංතියක් ඇත. මෙම සෑම පන්තියකම සිසුන් හතළිහකින් සමන්විත වේ. 
 
ආරම්භයේ සිටම [[පරිගණක සාක්ෂරතාව|පරිගණක අධ්‍යාපනය]] සිසු දරුවන්ට අනිවාර්ය වූ අතර ඊට අවශ්‍ය පහසුකම් විදුහල නිර්මාණයේදීම සැලසිණ. 
ඒ සදහා විද්‍යාගාර හා තාක්ෂණික විද්‍යාගාර ඉදිකර  ඇත. මෙම විදුහලේ දරුවන්ගෙන් පහසුකම් ගාස්තු හැර කිසිදු මුදලක් අය නොකිරීමත් විශේෂයකි. සිසු දරුවන් 300කට නේවාසික පහසුකම් සළසා ඇත. විද්‍යාලයේ විෂය බාහිර ක්‍රියාකාරකම් සඳහා විශේෂ අවධාරණය යොමු කරන අතර ජාත්‍යන්තර මට්ටමේ ක්‍රීඩකයන් මේ වන විට විදුහලෙන් බිහි කර ඇත.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.wbsc.org/news/sri-lanka-national-knockout-baseball-championship-concluded http://wbsc.org/රණබිම_රාජකීයන්_ජාත්‍යන්තර_බේස්බෝල්_පිටියේ_දස්කම්ද_දක්වති]&lt;/ref&gt;

අධ්‍යාපනය තුළින් ශිල්පීය හා ශාස්ත්‍රීය කුසලතා මෙන්ම වර්තමාන ජාතික හා ජාත්‍යන්තර ශ්‍රම වෙළඳපල ඉල්ලුමට සරිලන ලෙස විෂය ධාරාවන්ට නැඹුරුවක් දැක්විය යතුය යන අරමුණ මත උසස් පෙළ විෂය ධාරාවන් [[විද්‍යාව|විද්‍යා]], වාණිජ හා තාක්ෂණික අංශවලට සීමා වී ඇත.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත |url=http://www.dinamina.lk/2018/03/02/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C/49866/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%BA-%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%9A-%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B7%83-%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB-%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8-%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BA-%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BD |access-date=2020-05-31 |archive-date=2018-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180927033016/http://www.dinamina.lk/2018/03/02/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C/49866/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%BA-%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%9A-%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B7%83-%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB-%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8-%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BA-%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BD }}&lt;/ref&gt; එය ජාතික මට්ටමේ ඉහළ පෙළේ සිසුන් බිහි කරන අතර, ජාතික සාමාන්‍ය පෙළ සහ උසස් පෙළ විභාග සඳහා පෙනී සිටින සිසුන්ට ලැබෙන සමස්ත ලංකා ස්ථාන වලින් එය සනාථ වේ. සාමාන්‍ය පෙළ මට්ටම මත පදනම්ව සියලුම පිරිමි පාසල් ශ්‍රේණිගත කිරීම් අතර වසර ගණනාවක් හොඳම පිරිමි පාසල ලෙස ශ්‍රේණිගත වී ඇත.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=සංරක්ෂිත පිටපත |url=http://www.dinamina.lk/2018/03/02/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C/49866/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%BA-%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%9A-%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B7%83-%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB-%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8-%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BA-%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BD |access-date=2020-05-31 |archive-date=2018-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180927033016/http://www.dinamina.lk/2018/03/02/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C/49866/%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%BA-%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%9A-%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B7%83-%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB-%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8-%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BA-%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BD }}&lt;/ref&gt;

== රණබිම බේස්බෝල් සමාජය ==
රණබිම රාජකීය විද්‍යාලයෙහි සිසුන් හා ආදි සිසුගෙන් පමණක් සමන්විත [[රණබිම බේස්බෝල් සමාජය]] මේ වන විට ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ ප්‍රධානම බේස්බෝල් සමාජයක් බවට පත් වී ඇත.

== සටහන් ==
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:Coordinates on Wikidata]]</text>
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        <username>EmausBot</username>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Fixing double redirect from [[කනගාවා ප්‍රාන්තය]] to [[කනගවා ප්‍රාන්තය]]</comment>
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* ශ්‍රාවණ
* කාර්තික් පූර්ණිමා|symbols=* [[ඕම්]]
* ලිංගය
* උඩැක්කිය|mount=නන්දි නම් ගවයා|weapon=පාශ, අංකුශ, දුන්න / උක් ගස සහ හී|abode=කෛලාශය, [[මණිද්වීපය]]|mantra=* ඕම නමඃ ශිවාය
* ඕම් ශ්‍රී කාමේශ්වරාය නමඃ|Sanskrit_transliteration={{IAST|Kāmeśvara}}|name=කාමේශ්වර|Devanagari=कामेश्वर|alt=|caption=හින්දු දෙවියෙකු වන කාමේෂ්වරගේ නිරූපණයක්.|image=[[File:Kameshwarashiva.jpg]]|deity_of=සර්වබලධාරි දෙවියන්&lt;br/&gt; විශ්වයේ උත්තරීතර දෙවියන්, [[බ්‍රහ්මන්]], 
ශිව දෙවියන්ගේ අග්‍රගණ්‍ය ස්වරූපය|siblings=|mother=|father=|other_names=රාජ රාජේශ්වර, ත්‍රිපුර සුන්දර, පරමේශ්වර, ත්‍රිපුරන්තක, ත්‍රිපුරාරි|children=* [[බාල ත්‍රිපුර සුන්දරී]]
* [[මහාගණපති]]
* මහාස්කන්ද|spouse=කාමේශ්වරී|day=සඳුඳා}}'''කාමේශ්වර''' ([[සංස්කෘත]]: कामेश्वर, IAST: kāmeśvara), '''මහාකාමේශ්වර''' යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ [[හින්දු ධර්මය|හින්දු]] ධර්මයේ [[ශෛව ආගම|ශෛව]] සම්ප්‍රදාය තුළ විශ්වයේ සර්වබලධාරි දෙවියන් වන [[ශිව]] දෙවියන්ගේ උසස්ම ස්වරූප අතරින් එක් ස්වරූපයකි. එතුමා පිළිබඳව බ්‍රහ්මාණ්ඩ පුරාණයේ [[ලලිතා මාහාත්ම්‍ය]]ම් සහ [[ත්‍රිපුරා රහස්‍ය]] තුළ ප්‍රධාන වශයෙන් සඳහන් කොට ඇත.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Tagare|first=G.V.|title=The Brahmanda Purana|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publications|year=2020|isbn=9788120838246}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Rao|first=Lakshmana|title=Shri Tripura Rahasya (Mahatmya Khanda)|year=2011|isbn=}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''නිරුක්තිය සහ නාමකරණය''' ==
'''කාම''' යන සංස්කෘත වචනයේ අරුත ඉච්ඡාවන් වේ. '''ඊශ්වර''' යනු අධිපතියා යි. කාමේශ්වර යනු ඉච්ඡාවන්ට අධිපතියා යි. ශිව දෙවියන්, සියලු ගුණාංගවලින් ඔබ්බට ගිය, උත්තරීතර යථාර්ථය සහ ප්‍රාථමික හේතුව වූ අතර උන්වහන්සේ මුළු විශ්වයටම 'ස්වාමියා' වන නිසා,  'ඊශ්වර' වේ; එබැවින් ශිව දෙවිඳුන් 'කාම ඊශ්වර' හෝ සරලව '''&lt;nowiki/&gt;'කාමේශ්වර'''' ලෙස හඳුන්වනු ලබයි. ශිව බ්‍රහ්මන් වූ අතර ඔහුගේ ආශාවෙන් (කාම) මුළු ලෝකයම නිර්මාණය කළේය, එබැවින් උන්වහන්සේ කාමේෂ්වර ලෙස හැඳින්වේ.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Krishnamurthy|first=V|title=Paramacharya on Soundarya-Lahari|year=2023|isbn=9798888693285|location=Notion Press}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== '''උපාඛ්‍යාන''' ==
බ්‍රහ්මාණ්ඩ පුරාණයේ ලලිතෝපාඛායනයට අනුව භණ්ඩාසුර විනාශ කිරීමට [[ත්‍රිපුර සුන්දරී]] දේවිය පැමිණි පසුව, ඇය විශ්වකර්ම දිව්‍ය පුත්‍රයා විසින් නිර්මිත ශ්‍රී නගරය තම වාසස්ථානය කොටගනි. එහිදි [[බ්‍රහ්ම]] දෙවියන්ගේ ඉල්ලිම පිරිදි ඇය හා විවාහ වීමට පරම පුරුෂයන් කාමේශ්වර ස්වරූපයෙන් ප්‍රකට විය.
{{Quote|text=බ්‍රහ්ම දෙවියන් මෙසේ සිතමින් සිටියදීත්, මහේශ්වර මුළු විශ්වයම වශී කරන ස්වරූපයක් ගනිමින් ඔහු ඉදිරියේ පෙනී සිටියේය. දිව්‍යමය වස්ත්‍ර හැඳ, දිව්‍යමය මල්මාලා හැඳ, දිව්‍යමය සුවඳින් හා වස්ත්‍රවලින් පිරිපුන් වූ දස කෝටියක් කන්දර්පයන්ගේ ශෝභමාන ලක්‍ෂණවලින් සමන්වාගත දිව්‍ය පෞරුෂයක් උන්වහන්සේ සතු විය. කිරීටයක්, මාල, වළලු, කරාබු ආදියෙන් ශෝභමාන විය. උන්වහන්සේ මෙසේ බ්‍රහ්මයා ඉදිරියේ පෙනී සිටියේ ලෝකයම වශීකරන ස්වරූපයක් ගෙනය. ලෝකයන්ගේ පියා වූ බ්‍රහ්මා, මනරම් සිරුරකින් හෙබි එම තරුණ විරුවාට  කාමේශ්වර යන නම තැබීය.|source=බ්‍රහ්මාණ්ඩ පුරාණය, ලලිතා මාහාත්ම්‍ය, පරිච්ඡේදය 14, ශ්ලෝක 18:21}}
ත්‍රිපුරා රහස්‍ය තුළ කාමේශ්වරගේ ප්‍රකට වීම මෙසේ දක්වා ඇත.
{{Quote|text=මෙසේ බ්‍රහ්මා ඇතුළු අනෙකුත් අය විසින් ඉල්ලා සිටි පරිදි ත්‍රිපුර සුන්දරී දේවිය ඇගේ මුල් වාසස්ථානය වූ ආකාරයටම ඇගේ පිරිවර සමඟ මේරු ශිඛරය මත විශ්වකර්ම විසින් ඉදිකරන ලද යහපත් නගරයේ රැඳී සිටියාය. එවිට විශ්ව මාතාව ඔවුන්ගේ ඉල්ලීම පරිදි කාමේශ්වර තම අර්ධ ශරීරයෙන් හැඩගස්වා ඔහු සමඟ විවාහ වී ඔහු සමඟ නැවතී සිටියාය.|source=ශ්‍රී ත්‍රිපුරා රහස්‍ය (මාහාත්ම්‍යා ඛණ්ඩ), පරිච්ඡේදය 53, ශ්ලෝක 6:8}}
{{Quote|text=ඉක්බිතිව අපි දුටුවේ කැඩපතකින් පෙනෙන ආකාරයට තමාගේම රුව සමඟ සම්බන්ධ වූ සමාන රූමත් දෙවි කෙනෙකුගේ වම් කලවා මත පරමේශ්වරිය විශිෂ්ට ලෙස වාඩි වී සිටින බවයි. අහෝ විශ්වකර්මා! අපගේ ආශාවන් තෘප්තිමත් වූ හෙයින් අප අසමසම සතුටක් ලැබුවේය. අන්‍යෝන්‍ය වැළඳගැනීමේ අධික ප්‍රීතිය ප්‍රදර්ශනය කළ මෙම යුවළ ඔවුන්ගේ අලංකාරයෙන් සහ චමත්කාරයෙන් එකිනෙකා අභිබවා යමින් සිටියහ.|source=ශ්‍රී ත්‍රිපුරා රහස්‍ය (මාහාත්ම්‍යා ඛණ්ඩ), පරිච්ඡේදය 55, ශ්ලෝක 68:70}}
{{Quote|text=අප නූගත් බව දුටු සදාශිව මෙය අසා ඇයට වැඳ මෙසේ කීවේය: “ඕ දේවී ! ඔබ දෙදෙනා අපගේ ආශාවන් (කාම) ඉටු කළ බැවින් ඔබතුමිය කාමේශ්වරී වන අතර ඔබේ ස්වාමියා කාමේශ්වර වනු ඇත. ඔබ වහන්සේලා අපගේ පාලකයන් වන බැවින්ද, රජවරුන්ගේ රජු වන බැවින්ද, ඔබතුමිය රාජ රාජේශ්වරී වන අතර ඔබතුමියගේ ස්වාමියා රාජ රාජේශ්වර වනු ඇත. ඔබතුමිය ත්‍රිපුරසුන්දරී වන අතර උන්වහන්සේ ත්‍රිපුරසුන්දර වනු ඇත.|source=ශ්‍රී ත්‍රිපුරා රහස්‍ය (මාහාත්ම්‍යා ඛණ්ඩ), පරිච්ඡේදය 55, ශ්ලෝක 73:75}}

== ප්‍රතිමාශිල්පය ==
කාමේශ්වර සහ කාමේශ්වරී (ත්‍රිපුර සුන්දරී) අමෘත සාගරය මධ්‍යයේ පිහිටි මණිද්වීපයේ (මැණික් දිවයින) වාසය කරන බව සඳහන් වේ. එම දිවයින තුළ, කාමේශ්වර සහ කාමේශ්වරීගේ වාසස්ථානය පිහිටා ඇත්තේ, අගනා මැණික් වර්ගයක් වන චින්තාමණියෙන් නිමවා, උද්‍යානවලින් වට වූ බලකොටුවක් තුළය. එහිදී ඔවුන් [[බ්‍රහ්ම]], [[විෂ්ණු]], [[ශිව දෙවියන්|රුද්‍ර]] සහ මහේෂ්වර යන පාද හතර වන අතර සදාශිව ආසනය වන දිව්‍ය යහනක වාඩි වී සිටිති. ශක්තිය කාමේශ්වරගේ වම් උකුලේ වාඩි වී සිටී.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Thyagarajan|first=Padmaa|title=Thus Spake The Divine - Vol. 1|publisher=Giri Trading Agency Private Limited|year=2018|isbn=9788179507889}}&lt;/ref&gt;

කාමේශ්වර දෙවියන්ට ද කාමේශ්වරී දේවියට සමානව පාශ, අංකුෂ, ඊතල සහ දුන්නක් ඇත. කාමේශ්වරි කිසිවක් උසුලන්නේ නැති බවත්, නමුත් ඇය රැගෙන යන්නේ කාමේශ්වර දරා සිටින ආයුධ වල ප්‍රතිබිම්බය බවත් වී.රවී ප්‍රකාශ කරයි.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ravi|first=V|title=Understanding worshipping Sri Chakra|publisher=CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|year=2013|isbn=9781493713639|pages=89}}&lt;/ref&gt; වී. රවී තවදුරටත් සිය ලලිතා සහස්‍රනාම ග්‍රන්ථයේ ද සඳහන් කරන්නේ, ශිවගේ පශුපති ස්වරූපයටත් වඩා ඉහළම ස්වරූපය ලෙස කාමේශ්වර සලකන බවත්, කාමේශ්වර බ්‍රහ්මන් බවත්ය.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite book|last=Ravi|first=V|title=Lalita Sahasranama|publisher=MANBLUNDER|year=2010|isbn=9781456417635|pages=90}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== දේවස්ථාන ==

* කාමේශ්වර දේවස්ථානයක් ඉන්දියාවේ වරනාසි තුළ පිහිටා ඇත.

== '''ආශ්‍රේයයන්''' ==

=== උපුටා දැක්වීම් ===
&lt;references /&gt;

=== උපුටා දක්වන කෘති ===

* {{cite book|last=Dalal|first=Roshen|title=Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DH0vmD8ghdMC|year=2010|publisher=Penguin Books|isbn=978-0143414216}}
* {{cite book|last=Fuller|first=Christopher John|title=The Camphor Flame: Popular Hinduism and society in India|year=2004|publisher=Princeton University Press|location=Princeton, New Jersey|isbn=978-0691120485}}
* {{cite book|last=Ramesh|first=K|title=Thoughts On The Way|url=https://archive.org/details/thoughts-on-the-way-part-i-by-a-sri-vidya-traditionalist-scanned-copy-ramesh-kutticad/page/n29/mode/2up|year=2011|publisher=Shripuram trust|isbn=|edition=1st}}

[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:හින්දු ආගමේ දෙවියන්ගේ නම්]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:හින්දු දෙවිවරු]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:ශිව]]</text>
      <sha1>15rijv7g211aqdvk9uzoq0ojbfp1bsa</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>කාන්තාවන්ගේ සුල්තාන් රාජ්‍යය</title>
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        <username>Yasasuru</username>
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      <text bytes="9326" sha1="pzgwkduf95ed0iqkrytj59ten7ps419" xml:space="preserve">{{short description|ඔටෝමන් අධිරාජ්‍යයේ කාලය}}
'''කාන්තාවන්ගේ සුල්තාන් රජ්‍යය'''  නැතහොත් '''සුල්තාන්වරියන්ගේ රාජ්‍යයසමය''' ([[තුර්කිය|තුර්කි]]: ''Kadınlar Saltanatı''/''කදන්නාර් සාල්තනත'') යනු ඔටෝමාන් අධිරාජ්‍යයේ [[සුල්තාන්වරුන්ගේ ලැයිස්තුව|සුල්තාන්වරුන්ගේ]] භාර්යාවන් සහ මව්වරුන් රාජ්‍යය පාලනය කල කාල පරිච්ඡේදයකි. මෙය [[ඕටමන් අධිරාජ්‍යය]]ට අසාමාන්‍ය දේශපාලන බලපෑමක් ඇති කළේය. මෙම සංසිද්ධිය දළ වශයෙන් 1533 සිට 1656 දක්වා සිදු වූ අතර, සුල්තාන් [[සුලෙයිමාන් I]], [[හුරෙම් සුල්තාන්]] (Roxelana ලෙසද හැඳින්වේ)&lt;ref name=&quot;:02&quot;&gt;{{Cite book|title=Encyclopedia of World Biography|publisher=Gale|year=2017|isbn=9781410324139|editor-last=Kumar|editor-first=Lisa|location=Farmington Hills, MI|pages=305–306}}&lt;/ref&gt; සමඟ විවාහ වීමත් සමඟ ආරම්භ විය. 

[[File:Roxelana.jpg|thumb|[[හුරෙම් සුල්තාන්]] (‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍රොක්සෙලේනා), [[සුලෙයිමාන් I]] ගේ භාර්‍යාව([[හසේකි සුල්තාන්]]).]]

මෙම කාන්තාවන් [[හසේකි සුල්තාන්]] ලෙස හඳුන්වන සුල්තාන්ගේ භාර්යාවන් හෝ [[වාලිදේ සුල්තාන්]] ලෙස හඳුන්වන සුල්තාන්ගේ මව්වරුන් විය. ඔවුන්ගෙන් බොහෝ දෙනෙක් වහල් සම්භවයක් ඇති අය වූ අතර, සුල්තාන් පාලන සමයේදී අපේක්ෂා කළ පරිදි විවාහය පිළිබඳ සම්ප්‍රදායික අදහස සුල්තාන්වරයාට නුසුදුසු යැයි සැලකූ අතර, ඔහුගේ රාජ්‍ය භූමිකාවෙන් ඔබ්බට කිසිදු පෞද්ගලික පක්ෂපාතීත්වයක් අපේක්ෂා නොකළේය. මෙම කාලය තුළ, &quot;හසේකි&quot; සහ &quot;වාලිදේ&quot; සුල්තාන්වරුන් දේශපාලන සහ සමාජ බලය හිමිකර ගත් අතර, එමඟින් අධිරාජ්‍යයේ දෛනික ක්‍රියාකාරිත්වයට බලපෑම් කිරීමට සහ දානපති කටයුතු කිරීමට මෙන්ම විශාල [[හසෙකි සුල්තාන් සංකීර්ණය|හසෙකි සුල්තාන් සංකීර්ණය]] වැනි ගොඩනැගිලි ඉදිකිරීමට ඉල්ලීමට හැකි විය. තවත් උදාහරණයක් ලෙස [[එමිනොනු]] හි [[වාලිදේ සුල්තාන් මුස්ලිම් පල්ලිය]] සංකීර්ණයද  ගත හැක. මෙය යෙනි පල්ලිය (''යෙනි ජාමි'') ලෙසද හැඳින්වේ.

== ඔටෝමන් අධිරාජ්‍යයේ බලවත් කාන්තා සුල්තානාවරුන් ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!නම
!උපත
!ස්වාමිපුරුෂයා
!දරුවන්
!විපත
|-
|[[හුරෙම් සුල්තාන්]]
|1505
|[[සුලෙයිමාන් I]]
|[[ශේසාදේ මෙහෙමෙද්]], [[මීරිමා සුල්තාන් (සුලෙයිමාන් I ගේ දියණිය)|මීරිමා සුල්තාන්]], [[ශේසාදේ අබ්දුල්ලා]], [[සෙලීම් II]], [[ශේසාදේ බයේසිද්]], සහ [[ශේසාදේ ශ්‍යාංගීර්]]
|1558 අප්‍රේල් 15
|-
|[[මීරිමා සුල්තාන්  (සුලෙයිමාන් I ගේ දියණිය)|මීරිමා සුල්තාන්]]
|1522
|[[සුලෙයිමාන් I]]ගේ සහ [[හුරෙම් සුල්තාන්]]ගේ එකම දියණිය, සහ මහාමාත්‍යා [[රුස්තෙම් පාශා]] ගේ බිරිඳ
|[[අයිශේ සුල්තාන් (‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍රුස්තෙම් පාශා ගේ දියණිය)|අයිශේ හුමාශා සුල්තාන්]], සුල්තාන්සාදේ ඔස්මාන් බේයි
| 1578 ජනවාරි 25
|-
|[[නූර්බානු සුල්තාන්]]
|1525
|[[සෙලීම් II]]
|[[මුරාද් III]], [[ඉස්මිහාන් සුල්තාන්]], [[ශාහ් සුල්තාන් (සෙලිම් II ගේ දියණිය)|ශාහ් සුල්තාන්]], [[ගෙව්‍රහන් සුල්තාන් (සෙලීම් II ගේ දියණිය)|ගෙව්‍රහන් සුල්තාන්]], [[ෆත්මා සුල්තාන් (සෙලීම් II ගේ දියණිය)|ෆත්මා සුල්තාන්]]
| 1583 දෙසැම්බර් 7
|-
|[[සෆියේ සුල්තාන් (මුරාද් III ගේ බිරිඳ)|සෆියේ සුල්තාන්]]
|1550
|[[මුරාඩ් III]]
|[[හුමාශා සුල්තාන් (මුරාද් III ගේ දියණිය)|හුමාශා සුල්තාන්]], [[මෙහෙමෙද් III]], ශේසාදේ මහමද්, [[අයිශේ සුල්තාන් (මුරාද් III)|අයිශේ සුල්තාන්]], [[ෆත්මා සුල්තාන් මුරාද් III ගේ දියණිය)|ෆත්මා සුල්තාන්]], [[මීරිමා සුල්තාන් (මුරාද් III ගේ දියණිය)|මීරිමා සුල්තාන්]]
|1619
|-
|[[හන්දාන් සුල්තාන්]]
|1574
|[[මෙහෙමඩ් III]]
|[[අහ්මඩ් I]], සෙහ්සාඩ් සෙලිම්, සෙහ්සාඩ් සුලේමාන්, [[අයිශේ සුල්තාන් (මෙහෙමඩ් III ගේ දියණිය)|අයිශේ සුල්තාන්]]
| 1605 නොවැම්බර් 9
|-
|[[හාලිමේ සුල්තාන්]]
|1570
|[[මෙහෙමෙද් III]]
|[[ශේසාදේ මහමද් (මෙහෙමෙද් III ගේ පුත්‍රයා)|ශේසාදේ මහමද්]], [[මුස්තාෆා I]], [[ශාහ් සුල්තාන් (මෙහෙමෙද් III ගේ දියණිය)|ශාහ් සුල්තා]], [[හතීජෙ සුල්තාන් (මෙහෙමෙද් III ගේ දියණිය) |හතීජෙ සුල්තාන්]]
|1623 න් පසු
|-
|[[කොසෙම් සුල්තාන්]]
|1590
|[[අහමඩ් I]]
|[[අයිශේ සුල්තාන් (අහමඩ් I ගේ දියණිය)|අයිශේ සුල්තාන්]], [[ෆත්මා සුල්තාන් (අහමඩ් I ගෙ දියණිය)|ෆත්මා සුල්තාන්]], [[ගෙව්‍රහන් සුල්තාන් (අහමඩ් I ගේ දියණිය)|ගෙව්‍රහන් සුල්තාන්]], [[හන්සාදේ සුල්තාන් (අහමඩ් I ගේ දියණිය)|හන්සාදේ සුල්තාන්]], [[මුරාද් IV]], [[ශේසාදේ කාසිම්]], [[ශේසාදේ සුලෙයිමාන්]], සහ [[ඔටෝමන් අධිරාජ්‍යයේ ඊබ්‍රහීම්|ඊබ්‍රහීම්]]
| 1651 සැප්තැම්බර් 2
|-
|[[ටුර්හාන් සුල්තාන්]]
|1625
|[[ඔටෝමන් අධිරාජ්‍යයේ ඉබ්‍රාහිම්|ඉබ්‍රාහිම්]]
|[[මෙහෙමෙද් IV]], [[ගෙව්‍රහන් සුල්තාන් (ඊබ්‍රහීම් ගේ දියණිය)|ගෙව්‍රහන් සුල්තාන්]], [[බෙහාන් සුල්තාන් (ඊබ්‍රහීම් ගේ දියණිය)|බෙහාන් සුල්තාන්]] සහ [[අතීකෙ සුල්තාන් (ඊබ්‍රහීම් ගේ දියණිය)|අතීකෙ සුල්තාන් ]]
| 1683 අගෝස්තු 4
|}

==මූලාශ්‍ර==
{{Reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>pzgwkduf95ed0iqkrytj59ten7ps419</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Module:Params</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>115573</id>
    <revision>
      <id>788480</id>
      <parentid>783458</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-25T16:33:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Grufo</username>
        <id>64169</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Upstream updates</comment>
      <origin>788480</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="81246" sha1="0zh9yszcu1lo1rpmyh2ls1na8hemel4" xml:space="preserve">require[[strict]]


	---                                        ---
	---     LOCAL ENVIRONMENT                  ---
	---    ________________________________    ---
	---                                        ---


	--[[ Abstract utilities ]]--
	----------------------------


-- Helper function for `string.gsub()` (for managing zero-padded numbers)
local function zero_padded (str)
	return ('%03d%s'):format(#str, str)
end


-- Helper function for `table.sort()` (for natural sorting)
local function natural_sort (var1, var2)
	return var1:gsub('%d+', zero_padded) &lt; var2:gsub('%d+', zero_padded)
end


-- Parse a parameter name string and return it as a string or a number
local function get_parameter_name (par_str)
	local ret = par_str:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	if ret ~= '0' and ret:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' == nil then return ret end
	return tonumber(ret)
end


-- Return a copy or a reference to a table
local function copy_or_ref_table (src, refonly)
	if refonly then return src end
	local newtab = {}
	for key, val in pairs(src) do newtab[key] = val end
	return newtab
end


-- Remove some numeric elements from a table, shifting everything to the left
local function remove_numeric_keys (tbl, idx, len)
	local cache, tmp = {}, idx + len - 1
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' and key &gt;= idx then
			if key &gt; tmp then cache[key - len] = val end
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
end


-- Make a reduced copy of a table (shifting in both directions if necessary)
local function copy_table_reduced (tbl, idx, len)
	local ret, tmp = {}, idx + len - 1
	if idx &gt; 0 then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &lt; idx then
				ret[key] = val
			elseif key &gt; tmp then ret[key - len] = val end
		end
	elseif tmp &gt; 0 then
		local nshift = 1 - idx
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' then ret[key] = val
			elseif key &gt; tmp then ret[key - tmp] = val
			elseif key &lt; idx then ret[key + nshift] = val end
		end
	else
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &gt; tmp then
				ret[key] = val
			elseif key &lt; idx then ret[key + len] = val end
		end
	end
	return ret
end


-- Make an expanded copy of a table (shifting in both directions if necessary)
local function copy_table_expanded (tbl, idx, len)
	local ret, tmp = {}, idx + len - 1
	if idx &gt; 0 then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &lt; idx then
				ret[key] = val
			else ret[key + len] = val end
		end
	elseif tmp &gt; 0 then
		local nshift = idx - 1
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' then ret[key] = val
			elseif key &gt; 0 then ret[key + tmp] = val
			elseif key &lt; 1 then ret[key + nshift] = val end
		end
	else
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &gt; tmp then
				ret[key] = val
			else ret[key - len] = val end
		end
	end
	return ret
end


-- Move a key from a table to another, but only if under a different name and
-- always parsing numeric strings as numbers
local function steal_if_renamed (val, src, skey, dest, dkey)
	local realkey = get_parameter_name(dkey)
	if skey ~= realkey then
		dest[realkey] = val
		src[skey] = nil
	end
end


-- Given a table, create two new tables containing the sorted list of keys
local function get_key_list_sorted (tbl, sort_fn)
	local nums, words, nn, nw = {}, {}, 0, 0
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			nn = nn + 1
			nums[nn] = key
		else
			nw = nw + 1
			words[nw] = key
		end
	end
	table.sort(nums)
	table.sort(words, sort_fn)
	return nums, words, nn, nw
end


	--[[ Public strings ]]--
	------------------------


-- Special match keywords (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
local mkeywords = {
	['or'] = 0,
	pattern = 1,
	plain = 2,
	strict = 3
}


-- Sort functions (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
local sortfunctions = {
	alphabetically = false,
	naturally = natural_sort
}


-- Callback styles for the `mapping_*` and `renaming_*` class of modifiers
-- (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
--[[

Meanings of the columns:

  col[1] = Loop type (0-3)
  col[2] = Number of module arguments that the style requires (1-3)
  col[3] = Minimum number of sequential parameters passed to the callback
  col[4] = Name of the callback parameter where to place each parameter name
  col[5] = Name of the callback parameter where to place each parameter value
  col[6] = Argument in the modifier's invocation that will override `col[4]`
  col[7] = Argument in the modifier's invocation that will override `col[5]`

A value of `-1` indicates that no meaningful value is stored (i.e. `nil`)

]]--
local mapping_styles = {
	names_and_values = { 3, 2, 2, 1, 2, -1, -1 },
	values_and_names = { 3, 2, 2, 2, 1, -1, -1 },
	values_only = { 1, 2, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1 },
	names_only = { 2, 2, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1 },
	names_and_values_as = { 3, 4, 0, -1, -1, 2, 3 },
	names_only_as = { 2, 3, 0, -1, -1, 2, -1 },
	values_only_as = { 1, 3, 0, -1, -1, -1, 2 },
	blindly = { 0, 2, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1 }
}


-- Memory slots (functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names)
local memoryslots = {
	h = 'header',
	f = 'footer',
	i = 'itersep',
	l = 'lastsep',
	n = 'ifngiven',
	p = 'pairsep',
	s = 'oxfordsep'
}


-- Possible trimming modes for the `parsing` modifier
local trim_parse_opts = {
	trim_none = { false, false },
	trim_positional = { false, true },
	trim_named = { true, false },
	trim_all = { true, true }
}


-- Possible string modes for the iteration separator in the `parsing` and
-- `reinterpreting` modifiers
local isep_parse_opts = {
	splitter_pattern = false,
	splitter_string = true
}


-- Possible string modes for the key-value separator in the `parsing` and
-- `reinterpreting` modifiers
local psep_parse_opts = {
	setter_pattern = false,
	setter_string = true
}


-- Possible position references for the `splicing` modifier
local position_references = {
	add_nothing = 0,
	add_smallest_number = 1,
	add_last_of_sequence = 2,
	add_largest_number = 3
}


-- Functions and modifiers MUST avoid these names too: `let`


	--[[ Module's private environment ]]--
	--------------------------------------


-- Hard-coded name of the module (to avoid going through `frame:getTitle()`)
local modulename = 'Module:Params'


-- The functions listed here declare that they don't need the `frame.args`
-- metatable to be copied into a regular table; if they are modifiers they also
-- guarantee that they will make their own (modified) copy available
local refpipe = {
	call_for_each_group = true,
	coins = true,
	count = true,
	evaluating = true,
	for_each = true,
	list = true,
	list_values = true,
	list_maybe_with_names = true,
	value_of = true
}


-- The functions listed here declare that they don't need the
-- `frame:getParent().args` metatable to be copied into a regular table; if 
-- they are modifiers they also guarantee that they will make their own
-- (modified) copy available
local refparams = {
	call_for_each_group = true,
	combining = true,
	combining_by_calling = true,
	combining_values = true,
	concat_and_call = true,
	concat_and_invoke = true,
	concat_and_magic = true,
	count = true,
	grouping_by_calling = true,
	mixing_names_and_values = true,
	renaming_by_mixing = true,
	renaming_to_sequence = true,
	renaming_to_uppercase = true,
	renaming_to_lowercase = true,
	--renaming_to_values = true,
	shifting = true,
	splicing = true,
	--swapping_names_and_values = true,
	value_of = true,
	with_name_matching = true
}


-- Maximum number of numeric parameters that can be filled, if missing (we
-- chose an arbitrary number for this constant; you can discuss about its
-- optimal value at Module talk:Params)
local maxfill = 1024


-- The private table of functions
local library = {}


-- Functions and modifiers that can only be invoked in first position
local static_iface = {}


-- Create a new context
local function context_new (child_frame)
	local ctx = {}
	ctx.frame = child_frame:getParent()
	ctx.opipe = child_frame.args
	ctx.oparams = ctx.frame.args
	ctx.firstposonly = static_iface
	ctx.iterfunc = pairs
	ctx.sorttype = 0
	ctx.n_parents = 0
	ctx.n_children = 0
	ctx.n_available = maxfill
	return ctx
end


-- Move to the next action within the user-given list
local function context_iterate (ctx, n_forward)
	local nextfn
	if ctx.pipe[n_forward] ~= nil then
		nextfn = ctx.pipe[n_forward]:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	end
	if nextfn == nil then error(modulename ..
		': You must specify a function to call', 0) end
	if library[nextfn] == nil then
		if ctx.firstposonly[nextfn] == nil then error(modulename ..
			': The function ‘' .. nextfn .. '’ does not exist', 0)
		else error(modulename .. ': The ‘' .. nextfn ..
			'’ directive can only appear in first position', 0)
		end
	end
	remove_numeric_keys(ctx.pipe, 1, n_forward)
	return library[nextfn]
end


-- Main loop
local function main_loop (ctx, start_with)
	local fn = start_with
	repeat fn = fn(ctx) until not fn
	if ctx.n_parents &gt; 0 then error(modulename ..
		': One or more ‘merging_substack’ directives are missing', 0) end
	if ctx.n_children &gt; 0 then error(modulename ..
		', For some of the snapshots either the ‘flushing’ directive is missing or a group has not been properly closed with ‘merging_substack’', 0) end
end


-- Load a `setting`-like directive string into the `dest` table
local function set_strings (dest, opts, start_from)
	local cmd
	if opts[start_from] == nil then return start_from - 1 end
	cmd = opts[start_from]:gsub('%s+', ''):gsub('/+', '/')
		:match'^/*(.*[^/])'
	if cmd == nil then return start_from end
	local amap, sep, argc = {}, string.byte('/'), start_from + 1
	local vname
	local chr
	for idx = 1, #cmd do
		chr = cmd:byte(idx)
		if chr == sep then
			for key, val in ipairs(amap) do
				dest[val] = opts[argc]
				amap[key] = nil
			end
			argc = argc + 1
		else
			vname = memoryslots[string.char(chr)]
			if vname == nil then error(modulename ..
				', ‘setting’: Unknown slot ‘' ..
				string.char(chr) .. '’', 0) end
			table.insert(amap, vname)
		end
	end
	for key, val in ipairs(amap) do dest[val] = opts[argc] end
	return argc
end


-- Add a new stack of parameters to `ctx.children`
local function push_cloned_stack (ctx, tbl)
	local newparams = {}
	local currsnap = ctx.n_children + 1
	if ctx.children == nil then ctx.children = { newparams }
	else ctx.children[currsnap] = newparams end
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do newparams[key] = val end
	ctx.n_children = currsnap
end


-- Parse a raw argument containing a `sortfunctions` directive, or
-- `'without_sorting'`, or `nil`
local function load_sort_opt (raw_arg)
	if raw_arg == nil then return nil, 1, false end
	local tmp = raw_arg:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	if tmp == 'without_sorting' then return nil, 2, false end
	tmp = sortfunctions[tmp]
	if tmp == nil then return nil, 1, false end
	return tmp or nil, 2, true
end


-- Parse optional user arguments of type `...|[let]|[...][number of additional
-- parameters]|[parameter 1]|[parameter 2]|[...]`
local function load_child_opts (src, start_from, append_after)
	local tbl, pin = {}, start_from
	local names
	if src[pin] ~= nil and src[pin]:match'^%s*let%s*$' and
		src[pin + 1] ~= nil and src[pin + 2] ~= nil
	then
		names = {}
		repeat
			names[get_parameter_name(src[pin + 1])] = src[pin + 2]
			pin = pin + 3
		until src[pin] == nil or not src[pin]:match'^%s*let%s*$' or
			src[pin + 1] == nil or src[pin + 2] == nil
	end
	local tmp = tonumber(src[pin])
	if tmp ~= nil and math.floor(tmp) == tmp then
		if tmp &lt; 0 then tmp = -1 end
		local shf = append_after - pin
		for idx = pin + 1, pin + tmp do tbl[idx + shf] = src[idx] end
		pin = pin + tmp + 1
	end
	if names ~= nil then
		for key, val in pairs(names) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return tbl, pin
end


-- Load the optional arguments of some of the `mapping_*` and `renaming_*`
-- class of modifiers
local function load_callback_opts (src, n_skip, default_style)
	local style
	local shf
	local tmp = src[n_skip + 1]
	if tmp ~= nil then style = mapping_styles[tmp:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'] end
	if style == nil then style, shf = default_style, n_skip - 1
	else shf = n_skip end
	local n_exist, karg, varg = style[3], style[4], style[5]
	tmp = style[6]
	if tmp &gt; -1 then
		karg = src[tmp + shf]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
		if karg == '0' or karg:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
			karg = tonumber(karg)
			n_exist = math.max(n_exist, karg)
		end
	end
	tmp = style[7]
	if tmp &gt; -1 then
		varg = src[tmp + shf]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
		if varg == '0' or varg:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
			varg = tonumber(varg)
			n_exist = math.max(n_exist, varg)
		end
	end
	local dest, nargs = load_child_opts(src, style[2] + shf, n_exist)
	tmp = style[1]
	if (tmp == 3 or tmp == 2) and dest[karg] ~= nil then
		tmp = tmp - 2 end
	if (tmp == 3 or tmp == 1) and dest[varg] ~= nil then
		tmp = tmp - 1 end
	return dest, nargs, tmp, karg, varg
end


-- Parse the arguments of some of the `mapping_*` and `renaming_*` class of
-- modifiers
local function load_replace_args (opts, whoami)
	if opts[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: No pattern string was given', 0) end
	if opts[2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: No replacement string was given', 0) end
	local ptn, repl, nmax, argc = opts[1], opts[2], tonumber(opts[3]), 3
	if nmax ~= nil or (opts[3] or ''):match'^%s*$' ~= nil then argc = 4 end
	local flg = opts[argc]
	if flg ~= nil then flg = mkeywords[flg:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'] end
	if flg == 0 then flg = nil elseif flg ~= nil then argc = argc + 1 end
	return ptn, repl, nmax, flg, argc, (nmax ~= nil and nmax &lt; 1) or
		(flg == 3 and ptn == repl)
end


-- Parse the arguments of the `with_*_matching` class of modifiers
local function load_pattern_args (opts, whoami)
	local ptns, state, nptns, cnt = {}, 0, 0, 1
	local keyw
	for _, val in ipairs(opts) do
		if state == 0 then
			nptns, state = nptns + 1, -1
			ptns[nptns] = { val, false, false }
		else
			keyw = val:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
			if keyw == nil or mkeywords[keyw] == nil or (
				state &gt; 0 and mkeywords[keyw] &gt; 0
			) then break
			else
				state = mkeywords[keyw]
				if state &gt; 1 then ptns[nptns][2] = true end
				if state == 3 then ptns[nptns][3] = true end
			end
		end
		cnt = cnt + 1
	end
	if state == 0 then error(modulename .. ', ‘' .. whoami ..
		'’: No pattern was given', 0) end
	return ptns, nptns, cnt
end


-- Load the optional arguments of the `parsing` and `reinterpreting` modifiers
local function load_parse_opts (opts, start_from, isp, psp)
	local tmp
	local optslots, noptslots, argc = { true, true, true }, 3, start_from
	local trimn, trimu, iplain, pplain = true, false, true, true
	repeat
		noptslots, tmp = noptslots - 1, opts[argc]
		if tmp == nil then break end
		tmp = tmp:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
		if optslots[1] ~= nil and trim_parse_opts[tmp] ~= nil then
			tmp = trim_parse_opts[tmp]
			trimn, trimu = tmp[1], tmp[2]
			optslots[1] = nil
		elseif optslots[2] ~= nil and isep_parse_opts[tmp] ~= nil then
			argc = argc + 1
			iplain, isp = isep_parse_opts[tmp], opts[argc]
			optslots[2] = nil
		elseif optslots[3] ~= nil and psep_parse_opts[tmp] ~= nil then
			argc = argc + 1
			pplain, psp = psep_parse_opts[tmp], opts[argc]
			optslots[3] = nil
		else break end
		argc = argc + 1
	until noptslots &lt; 1
	return isp, iplain, psp, pplain, trimn, trimu, argc
end


-- Map parameters' values using a custom callback and a referenced table
local value_maps = {
	[0] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = fn() end
	end,
	[1] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			margs[varg] = val
			tbl[key] = fn()
		end
	end,
	[2] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key in pairs(tbl) do
			margs[karg] = key
			tbl[key] = fn()
		end
	end,
	[3] = function (tbl, margs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			margs[karg] = key
			margs[varg] = val
			tbl[key] = fn()
		end
	end
}


-- Private table for `map_names()`
local name_thieves = {
	[0] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end,
	[1] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			rargs[varg] = val
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end,
	[2] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			rargs[karg] = key
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end,
	[3] = function (cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			rargs[karg] = key
			rargs[varg] = val
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache, fn())
		end
	end
}


-- Map parameters' names using a custom callback and a referenced table
local function map_names (tbl, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, fn)
	local cache = {}
	name_thieves[looptype](cache, tbl, rargs, karg, varg, fn)
	for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
end


-- Return a new table that contains `src` regrouped according to the numeric
-- suffixes in its keys
local function make_groups (src)
	-- NOTE: `src` might be the original metatable!
	local prefix
	local gid
	local groups = {}
	for key, val in pairs(src) do
		-- `key` must only be a string or a number...
		if type(key) == 'string' then
			prefix, gid = key:match'^%s*(.-)%s*(%-?%d*)%s*$'
			gid = tonumber(gid) or ''
		else
			prefix = ''
			gid = key
		end
		if groups[gid] == nil then groups[gid] = {} end
		if prefix == '0' or prefix:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
			prefix = tonumber(prefix)
			if prefix &lt; 1 then prefix = prefix - 1 end
		end
		groups[gid][prefix] = val
	end
	return groups
end


-- Split into parts a string containing the `$#` and `$@` placeholders and
-- return the information as a skeleton table, a canvas table and a length
local function parse_placeholder_string (target)
	local skel = {}
	local canvas = {}
	local idx = 1
	local s_pos = 1
	local e_pos = string.find(target, '%$[@#]', 1, false)
	while e_pos ~= nil do
		canvas[idx] = target:sub(s_pos, e_pos - 1)
		skel[idx + 1] = target:sub(e_pos, e_pos + 1) == '$@'
		idx = idx + 2
		s_pos = e_pos + 2
		e_pos = string.find(target, '%$[@#]', s_pos, false)
	end
	if (s_pos &gt; target:len()) then idx = idx - 1
	else canvas[idx] = target:sub(s_pos) end
	return skel, canvas, idx
end


-- Populate a table by parsing a parameter string
local function parse_parameter_string (tbl, str, isp, ipl, psp, ppl, trn, tru)
	local key
	local val
	local spos1
	local spos2
	local pos1
	local pos2
	local pos3 = 0
	local idx = 1
	local lenplone = #str + 1
	if isp == nil or isp == '' then
		if psp == nil or psp == '' then
			if tru then tbl[idx] = str:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
			else tbl[idx] = str end
			return idx
		end
		spos1, spos2 = str:find(psp, 1, ppl)
		if spos1 == nil then
			key = idx
			if tru then val = str:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
			else val = str end
			idx = idx + 1
		else
			key = get_parameter_name(str:sub(1, spos1 - 1))
			val = str:sub(spos2 + 1)
			if trn then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
		end
		tbl[key] = val
		return idx
	end
	if psp == nil or psp == '' then
		repeat
			pos1 = pos3 + 1
			pos2, pos3 = str:find(isp, pos1, ipl)
			val = str:sub(pos1, (pos2 or lenplone) - 1)
			if tru then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
			tbl[idx] = val
			idx = idx + 1
		until pos2 == nil
		return idx
	end
	repeat
		pos1 = pos3 + 1
		pos2, pos3 = str:find(isp, pos1, ipl)
		val = str:sub(pos1, (pos2 or lenplone) - 1)
		spos1, spos2 = val:find(psp, 1, ppl)
		if spos1 == nil then
			key = idx
			if tru then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
			idx = idx + 1
		else
			key = get_parameter_name(val:sub(1, spos1 - 1))
			val = val:sub(spos2 + 1)
			if trn then val = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
		end
		tbl[key] = val
	until pos2 == nil
	return idx
end


-- Heavy lifting for `combining` and `combining_values`
local function combine_parameters (ctx, keyval_fn, whoami)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! This function
	-- MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local vars = {}
	local sortfn, tmp, do_sort = load_sort_opt(opts[2])
	local argc = set_strings(vars, opts, tmp + 1)
	if argc &lt; tmp then error(modulename ..
		', ‘' .. whoami .. '’: No setting directive was given', 0) end
	tmp = true
	for _ in pairs(tbl) do
		tmp = false
		break
	end
	if tmp then
		if vars.ifngiven ~= nil then
			ctx.params = {
				[get_parameter_name(ctx.pipe[1])] = vars.ifngiven
			}
		elseif tbl == ctx.oparams then ctx.params = {} end
		return argc
	end
	local cache
	local len
	if do_sort then
		local words
		cache, words, len, tmp = get_key_list_sorted(tbl, sortfn)
		for idx = 1, tmp do cache[len + idx] = words[idx] end
		len = len + tmp
	else
		cache = {}
		len = 0
		for key in pairs(tbl) do
			len = len + 1
			cache[len] = key
		end
	end
	local pmap, nss, kvs, pps = {}, 0, vars.pairsep or '', vars.itersep or ''
	for idx = 1, len do
		tmp = cache[idx]
		pmap[nss + 1] = pps
		pmap[nss + 2] = keyval_fn(tmp, tbl[tmp], kvs)
		nss = nss + 2
	end
	tmp = vars.oxfordsep or vars.lastsep
	if tmp ~= nil and nss &gt; 4 then pmap[nss - 1] = tmp
	elseif nss &gt; 2 and vars.lastsep ~= nil then
		pmap[nss - 1] = vars.lastsep
	end
	pmap[1] = vars.header or ''
	if vars.footer ~= nil then pmap[nss + 1] = vars.footer end
	ctx.params = { [get_parameter_name(ctx.pipe[1])] = table.concat(pmap) }
	return argc
end


-- Concatenate the numeric keys from the table of parameters to the numeric
-- keys from the table of options; non-numeric keys from the table of options
-- will prevail over colliding non-numeric keys from the table of parameters
local function concat_params (ctx)
	local retval, tbl, nmax = {}, ctx.params, table.maxn(ctx.pipe)
	if ctx.subset == 1 then
		-- We need only the sequence
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do retval[key + nmax] = val end
	else
		if ctx.subset == -1 then
			for key in ipairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = nil end
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' and key &gt; 0 then
				retval[key + nmax] = val
			else retval[key] = val end
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.pipe) do retval[key] = val end
	return retval
end


-- Flush the parameters by calling a custom function for each value (after this
-- function has been invoked `ctx.params` will be no longer usable)
local function flush_params (ctx, fn)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if ctx.subset == 1 then
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do fn(key, val) end
		return
	end
	if ctx.subset == -1 then
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = nil end
	end
	if ctx.sorttype &gt; 0 then
		local nums, words, nn, nw = get_key_list_sorted(tbl, natural_sort)
		if ctx.sorttype == 2 then
			for idx = 1, nw do fn(words[idx], tbl[words[idx]]) end
			for idx = 1, nn do fn(nums[idx], tbl[nums[idx]]) end
			return
		end
		for idx = 1, nn do fn(nums[idx], tbl[nums[idx]]) end
		for idx = 1, nw do fn(words[idx], tbl[words[idx]]) end
		return
	end
	if ctx.subset ~= -1 then
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do
			fn(key, val)
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do fn(key, val) end
end


-- Flush the parameters by calling one of two custom functions for each value
-- (after this function has been invoked `ctx.params` will be no longer usable)
local function mixed_flush_params (ctx, fn_seq, fn_oth)
	if ctx.subset == 1 then
		for key, val in ipairs(ctx.params) do fn_seq(key, val) end
		return
	end
	if ctx.subset == -1 then
		flush_params(ctx, fn_oth)
		return
	end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if ctx.sorttype &gt; 0 then
		local nums, words, nn, nw = get_key_list_sorted(tbl, natural_sort)
		local sequence = {}
		for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do sequence[key] = val end
		if ctx.sorttype == 2 then
			for idx = 1, nw do fn_oth(words[idx], tbl[words[idx]]) end
		end
		for idx = 1, nn do
			if sequence[nums[idx]] then
				fn_seq(nums[idx], sequence[nums[idx]])
			else
				fn_oth(nums[idx], tbl[nums[idx]])
			end
		end
		if ctx.sorttype ~= 2 then
			for idx = 1, nw do fn_oth(words[idx], tbl[words[idx]]) end
		end
		return
	end
	for key, val in ipairs(tbl) do
		fn_seq(key, val)
		tbl[key] = nil
	end
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do fn_oth(key, val) end
end


-- Finalize and return a concatenated list
local function finalize_and_return_concatenated_list (ctx, lst, len, modsize)
	if len &gt; 0 then
		local tmp = ctx.oxfordsep or ctx.lastsep
		if tmp ~= nil and len &gt; modsize * 2 then
			lst[len - modsize + 1] = tmp
		elseif len &gt; modsize and ctx.lastsep ~= nil then
			lst[len - modsize + 1] = ctx.lastsep
		end
		lst[1] = ctx.header or ''
		if ctx.footer ~= nil then lst[len + 1] = ctx.footer end
		ctx.text = table.concat(lst)
	else ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or '' end
end


	--[[ Modifiers ]]--
	-----------------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|sequential|pipe to
library.sequential = function (ctx)
	if ctx.subset == -1 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘non-sequential’ and ‘sequential’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	if ctx.sorttype &gt; 0 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘all_sorted’ and ‘reassorted’ directives are redundant when followed by ‘sequential’', 0) end
	ctx.iterfunc = ipairs
	ctx.subset = 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|non-sequential|pipe to
library['non-sequential'] = function (ctx)
	if ctx.subset == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘sequential’ and ‘non-sequential’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	ctx.iterfunc = pairs
	ctx.subset = -1
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|all_sorted|pipe to
library.all_sorted = function (ctx)
	if ctx.subset == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘all_sorted’ directive is redundant after ‘sequential’', 0) end
	if ctx.sorttype == 2 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘reassorted’ and ‘sequential’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	ctx.sorttype = 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|reassorted|pipe to
library.reassorted = function (ctx)
	if ctx.subset == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The ‘reassorted’ directive is redundant after ‘sequential’', 0) end
	if ctx.sorttype == 1 then error(modulename ..
		': The two directives ‘sequential’ and ‘reassorted’ are in contradiction with each other', 0) end
	ctx.sorttype = 2
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|setting|directives|...|pipe to
library.setting = function (ctx)
	local argc = set_strings(ctx, ctx.pipe, 1)
	if argc &lt; 2 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘setting’: No directive was given', 0) end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|scoring|new parameter name|pipe to
--[[
library.scoring = function (ctx)
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘scoring’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	local retval = 0
	for _ in pairs(ctx.params) do retval = retval + 1 end
	ctx.params[ctx.pipe[1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'] = tostring(retval)
	return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|squeezing|pipe to
library.squeezing = function (ctx)
	local store, indices, tbl, newlen = {}, {}, ctx.params, 0
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			newlen = newlen + 1
			indices[newlen] = key
			store[key] = val
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	table.sort(indices)
	for idx = 1, newlen do tbl[idx] = store[indices[idx]] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|filling_the_gaps|pipe to
library.filling_the_gaps = function (ctx)
	local tbl, tmp, nmin, nmax, nnums = ctx.params, {}, 1, nil, -1
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			if nmax == nil then
				if key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
				nmax = key
			elseif key &gt; nmax then nmax = key
			elseif key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
			nnums = nnums + 1
			tmp[key] = val
		end
	end
	if nmax ~= nil and nmax - nmin &gt; nnums then
		ctx.n_available = ctx.n_available + nmin + nnums - nmax
		if ctx.n_available &lt; 0 then error(modulename ..
			', ‘filling_the_gaps’: It is possible to fill at most ' ..
			tostring(maxfill) .. ' parameters', 0) end
		for idx = nmin, nmax, 1 do tbl[idx] = '' end
		for key, val in pairs(tmp) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|clearing|pipe to
library.clearing = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local numerics = {}
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			numerics[key] = val
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	for key, val in ipairs(numerics) do tbl[key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|cutting|left cut|right cut|pipe to
library.cutting = function (ctx)
	local lcut = tonumber(ctx.pipe[1])
	if lcut == nil or math.floor(lcut) ~= lcut then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cutting’: Left cut must be an integer number', 0) end
	local rcut = tonumber(ctx.pipe[2])
	if rcut == nil or math.floor(rcut) ~= rcut then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cutting’: Right cut must be an integer number', 0) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local len = #tbl
	if lcut &lt; 0 then lcut = len + lcut end
	if rcut &lt; 0 then rcut = len + rcut end
	local tot = lcut + rcut
	if tot &gt; 0 then
		local cache = {}
		if tot &gt;= len then
			for key in ipairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = nil end
			tot = len
		else
			for idx = len - rcut + 1, len, 1 do tbl[idx] = nil end
			for idx = 1, lcut, 1 do tbl[idx] = nil end
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' and key &gt; 0 then
				if key &gt; len then cache[key - tot] = val
				else cache[key - lcut] = val end
				tbl[key] = nil
			end
		end
		for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|cropping|left crop|right crop|pipe to
library.cropping = function (ctx)
	local lcut = tonumber(ctx.pipe[1])
	if lcut == nil or math.floor(lcut) ~= lcut then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cropping’: Left crop must be an integer number', 0) end
	local rcut = tonumber(ctx.pipe[2])
	if rcut == nil or math.floor(rcut) ~= rcut then error(modulename ..
		', ‘cropping’: Right crop must be an integer number', 0) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local nmin
	local nmax
	for key in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			if nmin == nil then nmin, nmax = key, key
			elseif key &gt; nmax then nmax = key
			elseif key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
		end
	end
	if nmin ~= nil then
		local len = nmax - nmin + 1
		if lcut &lt; 0 then lcut = len + lcut end
		if rcut &lt; 0 then rcut = len + rcut end
		if lcut + rcut - len &gt; -1 then
			for key in pairs(tbl) do
				if type(key) == 'number' then tbl[key] = nil end
			end
		elseif lcut + rcut &gt; 0 then
			for idx = nmax - rcut + 1, nmax do tbl[idx] = nil end
			for idx = nmin, nmin + lcut - 1 do tbl[idx] = nil end
			local lshift = nmin + lcut - 1
			if lshift &gt; 0 then
				for idx = lshift + 1, nmax, 1 do
					tbl[idx - lshift] = tbl[idx]
					tbl[idx] = nil
				end
			end
		end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|purging|start offset|length|pipe to
library.purging = function (ctx)
	local idx = tonumber(ctx.pipe[1])
	if idx == nil or math.floor(idx) ~= idx then error(modulename ..
		', ‘purging’: Start offset must be an integer number', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(ctx.pipe[2])
	if len == nil or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘purging’: Length must be an integer number', 0) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if len &lt; 1 then
		len = len + table.maxn(tbl)
		if idx &gt; len then return context_iterate(ctx, 3) end
		len = len - idx + 1
	end
	ctx.params = copy_table_reduced(tbl, idx, len)
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|backpurging|start offset|length|pipe to
library.backpurging = function (ctx)
	local last = tonumber(ctx.pipe[1])
	if last == nil or math.floor(last) ~= last then error(modulename ..
		', ‘backpurging’: Start offset must be an integer number', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(ctx.pipe[2])
	if len == nil or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘backpurging’: Length must be an integer number', 0) end
	local idx
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if len &gt; 0 then
		idx = last - len + 1
	else
		for key in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' and (idx == nil or
				key &lt; idx) then idx = key end
		end
		if idx == nil then return context_iterate(ctx, 3) end
		idx = idx - len
		if last &lt; idx then return context_iterate(ctx, 3) end
		len = last - idx + 1
	end
	ctx.params = copy_table_reduced(ctx.params, idx, len)
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|shifting|addend|pipe to
library.shifting = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local nshift = tonumber(ctx.pipe[1])
	if nshift == nil or nshift == 0 or math.floor(nshift) ~= nshift then
		error(modulename .. ', ‘shifting’: A non-zero integer number must be provided', 0) end
	local tbl = {}
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then tbl[key + nshift] = val
		else tbl[key] = val end
	end
	ctx.params = tbl
	return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|reversing_numeric_names|pipe to
library.reversing_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tbl, numerics, nmax = ctx.params, {}, 0
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			numerics[key] = val
			tbl[key] = nil
			if key &gt; nmax then nmax = key end
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(numerics) do tbl[nmax - key + 1] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|pivoting_numeric_names|pipe to
--[[
library.pivoting_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local shift = #tbl + 1
	if shift &lt; 2 then return library.reversing_numeric_names(ctx) end
	local numerics = {}
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			numerics[key] = val
			tbl[key] = nil
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(numerics) do tbl[shift - key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mirroring_numeric_names|pipe to
--[[
library.mirroring_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tbl, numerics = ctx.params, {}
	local nmax
	local nmin
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			numerics[key] = val
			tbl[key] = nil
			if nmax == nil then nmin, nmax = key, key
			elseif key &gt; nmax then nmax = key
			elseif key &lt; nmin then nmin = key end
		end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(numerics) do tbl[nmax + nmin - key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|swapping_numeric_names|pipe to
--[[
library.swapping_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tbl, cache, nsize = ctx.params, {}, 0
	local tmp
	for key in pairs(tbl) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then
			nsize = nsize + 1
			cache[nsize] = key
		end
	end
	table.sort(cache)
	for idx = math.floor(nsize / 2), 1, -1 do
		tmp = tbl[cache[idx] ]
		tbl[cache[idx] ] = tbl[cache[nsize - idx + 1] ]
		tbl[cache[nsize - idx + 1] ] = tmp
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|sorting_sequential_values|[criterion]|pipe to
library.sorting_sequential_values = function (ctx)
	local sortfn
	if ctx.pipe[1] ~= nil then
		sortfn = sortfunctions[ctx.pipe[1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$']
	end
	if sortfn then table.sort(ctx.params, sortfn)
	else table.sort(ctx.params) end -- i.e. either `false` or `nil`
	if sortfn == nil then return context_iterate(ctx, 1) end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|splicing|[add to position]|position|increment|
--            [number of elements to write]|...|pipe to
library.splicing = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts, tbl = ctx.pipe, ctx.params
	local tmp1 = opts[1]
	local tmp2
	local argc
	local pos
	local refp
	if tmp1 ~= nil then
		tmp2 = tonumber(tmp1)
		if tmp2 == nil or math.floor(tmp2) ~= tmp2 then
			pos, argc, tmp2 = tonumber(opts[2]), 4,
				tmp1:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
			if tmp2 ~= nil then
				refp = position_references[tmp2]
				if refp == nil then error(modulename ..
					', ‘splicing’: ‘' .. tostring(tmp2) ..
					'’ is not a valid first argument', 0) end
			else refp = 0 end
		else pos, argc, refp = tmp2, 3, 0 end
	else pos, argc, refp = tonumber(opts[2]), 4, 0 end
	if pos == nil or math.floor(pos) ~= pos then error(modulename ..
		', ‘splicing’: The position must be an integer number', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(opts[argc - 1])
	if len == nil or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘splicing’: The increment must be an integer number', 0) end
	if refp == 2 then
		for _ in ipairs(tbl) do pos = pos + 1 end
		refp = 0
	end
	tmp1, tmp2 = nil, nil
	if refp ~= 0 or len ~= 0 then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if type(key) == 'number' then
				if tmp1 == nil then tmp1, tmp2 = key, key
				elseif key &lt; tmp1 then tmp1 = key
				elseif key &gt; tmp2 then tmp2 = key end
			end
		end
	end
	if tmp2 == nil then len = 0
	elseif refp == 3 then pos = pos + tmp2
	elseif refp == 1 then pos = pos + tmp1 end
	if len &gt; 0 and pos + len &gt; tmp1 and pos &lt;= tmp2 then
		tbl = copy_table_expanded(tbl, pos, len)
	elseif len &lt; 0 and pos - len &gt; tmp1 and pos &lt;= tmp2 then
		tbl = copy_table_reduced(tbl, pos, -len)
	else tbl = copy_or_ref_table(tbl, tbl ~= ctx.oparams) end
	ctx.params = tbl
	tmp1 = tonumber(opts[argc])
	if len == 0 and (tmp1 == nil or tmp1 &lt; 1) then error(modulename ..
		', ‘splicing’: When the increment is zero the number of elements to add cannot be zero', 0) end
	if tmp1 == nil or tmp1 &lt; 0 or math.floor(tmp1) ~= tmp1 then
		return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
	end
	tmp2 = argc - pos + 1
	for key = pos, pos + tmp1 - 1 do tbl[key] = opts[key + tmp2] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc + tmp1 + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|imposing|name|value|pipe to
library.imposing = function (ctx)
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘imposing’: Missing parameter name to impose', 0) end
	ctx.params[get_parameter_name(ctx.pipe[1])] = ctx.pipe[2]
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|providing|name|value|pipe to
library.providing = function (ctx)
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘providing’: Missing parameter name to provide', 0) end
	local key = get_parameter_name(ctx.pipe[1])
	if ctx.params[key] == nil then ctx.params[key] = ctx.pipe[2] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|discarding|name|[how many]|pipe to
library.discarding = function (ctx)
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘discarding’: Missing parameter name to discard', 0) end
	local len = tonumber(ctx.pipe[2])
	if len == nil then
		ctx.params[get_parameter_name(ctx.pipe[1])] = nil
		return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
	end
	local key = tonumber(ctx.pipe[1])
	if key == nil or math.floor(key) ~= key then error(modulename ..
		', ‘discarding’: A range was provided, but the initial parameter name is not an integer number', 0) end
	if len &lt; 1 or math.floor(len) ~= len then error(modulename ..
		', ‘discarding’: A range can only be an integer number greater than zero', 0) end
	for idx = key, key + len - 1 do ctx.params[idx] = nil end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|excluding_non-numeric_names|pipe to
library['excluding_non-numeric_names'] = function (ctx)
	local tmp = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do
		if type(key) ~= 'number' then tmp[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|excluding_numeric_names|pipe to
library.excluding_numeric_names = function (ctx)
	local tmp = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then tmp[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_name_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]|[or]
--            |[target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[or]|[...]|[target N]|[plain flag
--            N]|pipe to
library.with_name_matching = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local targets, nptns, argc = load_pattern_args(ctx.pipe,
		'with_name_matching')
	local tmp
	local ptn
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local newparams = {}
	for idx = 1, nptns do
		ptn = targets[idx]
		if ptn[3] then
			tmp = ptn[1]
			if tmp == '0' or tmp:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
				tmp = tonumber(tmp)
			end
			newparams[tmp] = tbl[tmp]
		else
			for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
				if tostring(key):find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
					newparams[key] = val
				end
			end
		end
	end
	ctx.params = newparams
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_name_not_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]
--            |[and]|[target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[and]|[...]|[target N]|[plain
--            flag N]|pipe to
library.with_name_not_matching = function (ctx)
	local targets, nptns, argc = load_pattern_args(ctx.pipe,
		'with_name_not_matching')
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if nptns == 1 and targets[1][3] then
		local tmp = targets[1][1]
		if tmp == '0' or tmp:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
			tbl[tonumber(tmp)] = nil
		else tbl[tmp] = nil end
		return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
	end
	local yesmatch
	local ptn
	for key in pairs(tbl) do
		yesmatch = true
		for idx = 1, nptns do
			ptn = targets[idx]
			if ptn[3] then
				if tostring(key) ~= ptn[1] then
					yesmatch = false
					break
				end
			elseif not tostring(key):find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
				yesmatch = false
				break
			end
		end
		if yesmatch then tbl[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_value_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]|[or]
--            |[target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[or]|[...]|[target N]|[plain flag
--            N]|pipe to
library.with_value_matching = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local targets, nptns, argc = load_pattern_args(ctx.pipe,
		'with_value_matching')
	local nomatch
	local ptn
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		nomatch = true
		for idx = 1, nptns do
			ptn = targets[idx]
			if ptn[3] then
				if val == ptn[1] then
					nomatch = false
					break
				end
			elseif val:find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
				nomatch = false
				break
			end
		end
		if nomatch then tbl[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|with_value_not_matching|target 1|[plain flag 1]
--            |[and]|[target 2]|[plain flag 2]|[and]|[...]|[target N]|[plain
--            flag N]|pipe to
library.with_value_not_matching = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local targets, nptns, argc = load_pattern_args(ctx.pipe,
		'with_value_not_matching')
	local yesmatch
	local ptn
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		yesmatch = true
		for idx = 1, nptns do
			ptn = targets[idx]
			if ptn[3] then
				if val ~= ptn[1] then
					yesmatch = false
					break
				end
			elseif not val:find(ptn[1], 1, ptn[2]) then
				yesmatch = false
				break
			end
		end
		if yesmatch then tbl[key] = nil end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|trimming_values|pipe to
library.trimming_values = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = val:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$' end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_to_lowercase|pipe to
library.mapping_to_lowercase = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = val:lower() end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_to_uppercase|pipe to
library.mapping_to_uppercase = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = val:upper() end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_calling|template name|[call
--            style]|[let]|[...][number of additional parameters]|[parameter
--            1]|[parameter 2]|[...]|[parameter N]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_calling = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local margs, argc, looptype, karg, varg = load_callback_opts(opts, 1,
		mapping_styles.values_only)
	local model = { title = tname, args = margs }
	value_maps[looptype](ctx.params, margs, karg, varg, function ()
		return ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_invoking|module name|function
--            name|[call style]|[let]|[...]|[number of additional
--            arguments]|[argument 1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_invoking = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local mname
	local fname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then mname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[2] ~= nil then fname = opts[2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local margs, argc, looptype, karg, varg = load_callback_opts(opts, 2,
		mapping_styles.values_only)
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = margs }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: The function ‘' .. fname ..
		'’ does not exist', 0) end
	value_maps[looptype](ctx.params, margs, karg, varg, function ()
		return tostring(mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model)))
	end)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_magic|parser function|[call
--            style]|[let]|[...][number of additional arguments]|[argument
--            1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_magic = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local magic
	if opts[1] ~= nil then magic = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local margs, argc, looptype, karg, varg = load_callback_opts(opts, 1,
		mapping_styles.values_only)
	value_maps[looptype](ctx.params, margs, karg, varg, function ()
		return ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, margs)
	end)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_replacing|target|replace|[count]|[plain
--            flag]|pipe to
library.mapping_by_replacing = function (ctx)
	local ptn, repl, nmax, flg, argc, die =
		load_replace_args(ctx.pipe, 'mapping_by_replacing')
	if die then return context_iterate(ctx, argc) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if flg == 3 then
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			if val == ptn then tbl[key] = repl end
		end
	else
		if flg == 2 then
			-- Copied from Module:String's `str._escapePattern()`
			ptn = ptn:gsub('[%(%)%.%%%+%-%*%?%[%^%$%]]', '%%%0')
		end
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			tbl[key] = val:gsub(ptn, repl, nmax)
		end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_by_mixing|mixing string|pipe to
library.mapping_by_mixing = function (ctx)
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_mixing’: No mixing string was provided', 0) end
	local mix = ctx.pipe[1]
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if mix == '$#' then
		for key in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = tostring(key) end
		return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
	end
	local skel, cnv, n_parts = parse_placeholder_string(mix)
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		for idx = 2, n_parts, 2 do
			if skel[idx] then cnv[idx] = val else cnv[idx] = tostring(key) end
		end
		tbl[key] = table.concat(cnv)
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mapping_to_names|pipe to
--[[
library.mapping_to_names = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	for key in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = tostring(key) end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_to_lowercase|pipe to
library.renaming_to_lowercase = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local cache = {}
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
		if type(key) == 'string' then cache[key:lower()] = val else
		cache[key] = val end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_to_uppercase|pipe to
library.renaming_to_uppercase = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local cache = {}
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
		if type(key) == 'string' then cache[key:upper()] = val else
		cache[key] = val end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_to_sequence|[sort order]|pipe to
library.renaming_to_sequence = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local sortfn, argc, do_sort = load_sort_opt(ctx.pipe[1])
	local cache
	local len
	if do_sort then
		local words
		local wl
		cache, words, len, wl = get_key_list_sorted(tbl, sortfn)
		for idx = 1, len do cache[idx] = tbl[cache[idx]] end
		for idx = 1, wl do cache[len + idx] = tbl[words[idx]] end
	else
		cache = {}
		len = 0
		for _, val in pairs(tbl) do
			len = len + 1
			cache[len] = val
		end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_calling|template name|[call
--            style]|[let]|[...][number of additional parameters]|[parameter
--            1]|[parameter 2]|[...]|[parameter N]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_calling = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local rargs, argc, looptype, karg, varg = load_callback_opts(opts, 1,
		mapping_styles.names_only)
	local model = { title = tname, args = rargs }
	map_names(ctx.params, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, function ()
		return ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_invoking|module name|function
--            name|[call style]|[let]|[...]|[number of additional
--            arguments]|[argument 1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_invoking = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local mname
	local fname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then mname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_invoking’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[2] ~= nil then fname = opts[2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_invoking’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local rargs, argc, looptype, karg, varg = load_callback_opts(opts, 2,
		mapping_styles.names_only)
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = rargs }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_invoking’: The function ‘' .. fname ..
		'’ does not exist', 0) end
	map_names(ctx.params, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, function ()
		return tostring(mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model)))
	end)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_magic|parser function|[call
--            style]|[let]|[...][number of additional arguments]|[argument
--            1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_magic = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local magic
	if opts[1] ~= nil then magic = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local rargs, argc, looptype, karg, varg = load_callback_opts(opts, 1,
		mapping_styles.names_only)
	map_names(ctx.params, rargs, karg, varg, looptype, function ()
		return ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, rargs)
	end)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_replacing|target|replace|[count]|[plain
--            flag]|pipe to
library.renaming_by_replacing = function (ctx)
	local ptn, repl, nmax, flg, argc, die =
		load_replace_args(ctx.pipe, 'renaming_by_replacing')
	if die then return context_iterate(ctx, argc) end
	local tbl = ctx.params
	if flg == 3 then
		ptn = get_parameter_name(ptn)
		local val = tbl[ptn]
		if val ~= nil then
			tbl[ptn] = nil
			tbl[get_parameter_name(repl)] = val
		end
	else
		if flg == 2 then
			-- Copied from Module:String's `str._escapePattern()`
			ptn = ptn:gsub('[%(%)%.%%%+%-%*%?%[%^%$%]]', '%%%0')
		end
		local cache = {}
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
			steal_if_renamed(val, tbl, key, cache,
				tostring(key):gsub(ptn, repl, nmax))
		end
		for key, val in pairs(cache) do tbl[key] = val end
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_by_mixing|mixing string|pipe to
library.renaming_by_mixing = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘renaming_by_mixing’: No mixing string was provided', 0) end
	local mix = ctx.pipe[1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	local cache = {}
	local tmp
	if mix == '$@' then
		for _, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			cache[get_parameter_name(val)] = val
		end
	else
		local skel, canvas, n_parts = parse_placeholder_string(mix)
		for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			for idx = 2, n_parts, 2 do
				if skel[idx] then canvas[idx] = val
				else canvas[idx] = tostring(key) end
			end
			cache[get_parameter_name(table.concat(canvas))] = val
		end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|renaming_to_values|pipe to
--[[
library.renaming_to_values = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local cache = {}
	for _, val in pairs(ctx.params) do cache[val] = val end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|grouping_by_calling|template
--            name|[let]|[...]|[number of additional arguments]|[argument
--            1]|[argument 2]|[...]|[argument N]|pipe to
library.grouping_by_calling = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tmp
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tmp = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tmp == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘grouping_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = tmp }
	local tmp, argc = load_child_opts(opts, 2, 0)
	local gargs = {}
	for key, val in pairs(tmp) do
		if type(key) == 'number' and key &lt; 1 then gargs[key - 1] = val
		else gargs[key] = val end
	end
	local groups = make_groups(ctx.params)
	for gid, group in pairs(groups) do
		for key, val in pairs(gargs) do group[key] = val end
		group[0] = gid
		model.args = group
		groups[gid] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
	end
	ctx.params = groups
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|parsing|string to parse|[trim flag]|[iteration
--            delimiter setter]|[...]|[key-value delimiter setter]|[...]|pipe to
library.parsing = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	if opts[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘parsing’: No string to parse was provided', 0) end
	local isep, iplain, psep, pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed, argc =
		load_parse_opts(opts, 2, '|', '=')
	parse_parameter_string(ctx.params, opts[1], isep, iplain, psep, pplain,
		trimnamed, trimunnamed)
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|reinterpreting|parameter to reinterpret|[trim
--            flag]|[iteration delimiter setter]|[...]|[key-value delimiter
--            setter]|[...]|pipe to
library.reinterpreting = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	if opts[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘reinterpreting’: No parameter to reinterpret was provided', 0) end
	local isep, iplain, psep, pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed, argc =
		load_parse_opts(opts, 2, '|', '=')
	local tbl, tmp = ctx.params, get_parameter_name(opts[1])
	local str = tbl[tmp]
	if str ~= nil then
		tbl[tmp] = nil
		parse_parameter_string(tbl, str, isep, iplain, psep, pplain,
			trimnamed, trimunnamed)
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|evaluating|string to parse|[trim flag]|[iteration
--            delimiter setter]|[...]|[key-value delimiter setter]|[...]|pipe to
library.evaluating = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	if opts[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘evaluating’: No string to parse was provided', 0) end
	local isep, iplain, psep, pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed, argc =
		load_parse_opts(opts, 2, '!', ':')
	if opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' == nil then
		ctx.pipe = copy_or_ref_table(opts, opts ~= ctx.opipe)
		return context_iterate(ctx, argc)
	end
	local new_opts, cache = {}, {}
	local shift = parse_parameter_string(cache, opts[1], isep, iplain,
		psep, pplain, trimnamed, trimunnamed) - argc
	for key, val in pairs(opts) do
		if type(key) ~= 'number' or key &lt; 1 then new_opts[key] = val
		elseif key &gt;= argc then new_opts[key + shift] = val end
	end
	for key, val in pairs(cache) do new_opts[key] = val end
	ctx.pipe = new_opts
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|mixing_names_and_values|mixing string|pipe to
library.mixing_names_and_values = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	if ctx.pipe[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mixing_names_and_values’: No mixing string was provided for parameter names', 0) end
	if ctx.pipe[2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mixing_names_and_values’: No mixing string was provided for parameter values', 0) end
	local cache = {}
	local mix_k, mix_v = ctx.pipe[1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$', ctx.pipe[2]
	local tmp
	if mix_k == '$@' and mix_v == '$@' then
		for _, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			cache[get_parameter_name(val)] = val
		end
	elseif mix_k == '$@' and mix_v == '$#' then
		for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			cache[get_parameter_name(val)] = tostring(key)
		end
	elseif mix_k == '$#' and mix_v == '$#' then
		for _, val in pairs(ctx.params) do cache[key] = tostring(key) end
	else
		local skel_k, cnv_k, n_parts_k = parse_placeholder_string(mix_k)
		local skel_v, cnv_v, n_parts_v = parse_placeholder_string(mix_v)
		for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do
			tmp = tostring(key)
			for idx = 2, n_parts_k, 2 do
				if skel_k[idx] then cnv_k[idx] = val else cnv_k[idx] = tmp end
			end
			for idx = 2, n_parts_v, 2 do
				if skel_v[idx] then cnv_v[idx] = val else cnv_v[idx] = tmp end
			end
			cache[get_parameter_name(table.concat(cnv_k))] =
				table.concat(cnv_v)
		end
	end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|swapping_names_and_values|pipe to
--[[
library.swapping_names_and_values = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local cache = {}
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.params) do cache[val] = key end
	ctx.params = cache
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end
]]--


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining|new parameter name|[sort order]|setting
--            directives|...|pipe to
library.combining = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	return context_iterate(ctx, combine_parameters(
		ctx,
		function (key, val, kvs) return key .. kvs .. val end,
		'combining'
	) + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining_values|new parameter name|[sort
--            order]|setting directives|...|pipe to
library.combining_values = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	return context_iterate(ctx, combine_parameters(
		ctx,
		function (key, val, kvs) return val end,
		'combining_values'
	) + 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining_by_calling|template name|new parameter
--            name|pipe to
library.combining_by_calling = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local tname = ctx.pipe[1]
	if tname ~= nil then tname = tname:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	else error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_calling’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	if ctx.pipe[2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_calling’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	ctx.params = {
		[get_parameter_name(ctx.pipe[2])] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate{
			title = tname,
			args = ctx.params
		}
	}
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining_by_invoking|module name|function name|new
--            parameter name|pipe to
library.combining_by_invoking = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local mname = ctx.pipe[1]
	if mname ~= nil then mname = mname:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	else error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_invoking’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	local fname = ctx.pipe[2]
	if fname ~= nil then fname = fname:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	else error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_invoking’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	if ctx.pipe[3] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_invoking’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = ctx.params }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘mapping_by_invoking’: The function ‘' .. fname ..
		'’ does not exist', 0) end
	ctx.params = {
		[get_parameter_name(ctx.pipe[3])] =
			tostring(mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model)))
	}
	return context_iterate(ctx, 4)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|combining_by_magic|parser function|new parameter
--            name|pipe to
library.combining_by_magic = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable! As a modifier,
	-- this function MUST create a copy of it before returning
	local magic = ctx.pipe[1]
	if magic ~= nil then magic = magic:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
	else error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	if ctx.pipe[2] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘combining_by_magic’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	ctx.params = {
		[get_parameter_name(ctx.pipe[2])] =
			ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, ctx.params)
	}
	return context_iterate(ctx, 3)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|snapshotting|pipe to
library.snapshotting = function (ctx)
	push_cloned_stack(ctx, ctx.params)
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|remembering|pipe to
library.remembering = function (ctx)
	push_cloned_stack(ctx, ctx.oparams)
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|entering_substack|[new]|pipe to
library.entering_substack = function (ctx)
	local tbl = ctx.params
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents + 1
	if ctx.parents == nil then ctx.parents = { tbl }
	else ctx.parents[ncurrparent] = tbl end
	ctx.n_parents = ncurrparent
	if ctx.pipe[1] ~= nil and ctx.pipe[1]:match'^%s*new%s*$' then
		ctx.params = {}
		return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
	end
	local currsnap = ctx.n_children
	if currsnap &gt; 0 then
		ctx.params = ctx.children[currsnap]
		ctx.children[currsnap] = nil
		ctx.n_children = currsnap - 1
	else
		local newparams = {}
		for key, val in pairs(tbl) do newparams[key] = val end
		ctx.params = newparams
	end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|pulling|parameter name|pipe to
library.pulling = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	if opts[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘pulling’: No parameter to pull was provided', 0) end
	local parent
	local tmp = ctx.n_parents
	if tmp &lt; 1 then parent = ctx.oparams else parent = ctx.parents[tmp] end
	tmp = get_parameter_name(opts[1])
	if parent[tmp] ~= nil then ctx.params[tmp] = parent[tmp] end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 2)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|detaching_substack|pipe to
library.detaching_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘detaching_substack’: No substack has been created', 0) end
	local parent = ctx.parents[ncurrparent]
	for key in pairs(ctx.params) do parent[key] = nil end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|dropping_substack|pipe to
library.dropping_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘dropping_substack’: No substack has been created', 0) end
	ctx.params = ctx.parents[ncurrparent]
	ctx.parents[ncurrparent] = nil
	ctx.n_parents = ncurrparent - 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|leaving_substack|pipe to
library.leaving_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘leaving_substack’: No substack has been created', 0) end
	local currsnap = ctx.n_children + 1
	if ctx.children == nil then ctx.children = { ctx.params }
	else ctx.children[currsnap] = ctx.params end
	ctx.params = ctx.parents[ncurrparent]
	ctx.parents[ncurrparent] = nil
	ctx.n_parents = ncurrparent - 1
	ctx.n_children = currsnap
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|merging_substack|pipe to
library.merging_substack = function (ctx)
	local ncurrparent = ctx.n_parents
	if ncurrparent &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘merging_substack’: No substack has been created', 0) end
	local parent = ctx.parents[ncurrparent]
	local child = ctx.params
	ctx.params = parent
	ctx.parents[ncurrparent] = nil
	ctx.n_parents = ncurrparent - 1
	for key, val in pairs(child) do parent[key] = val end
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|flushing|pipe to
library.flushing = function (ctx)
	if ctx.n_children &lt; 1 then error(modulename ..
		', ‘flushing’: There are no substacks to flush', 0) end
	local parent = ctx.params
	local currsnap = ctx.n_children
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.children[currsnap]) do parent[key] = val end
	ctx.children[currsnap] = nil
	ctx.n_children = currsnap - 1
	return context_iterate(ctx, 1)
end


	--[[ Functions ]]--
	-----------------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|count
library.count = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` and `ctx.params` might be the original metatables!
	local retval = 0
	for _ in ctx.iterfunc(ctx.params) do retval = retval + 1 end
	if ctx.subset == -1 then retval = retval - #ctx.params end
	ctx.text = retval
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:args|concat_and_call|template name|[prepend 1]|[prepend 2]
--            |[...]|[item n]|[named item 1=value 1]|[...]|[named item n=value
--            n]|[...]
library.concat_and_call = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_call’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	remove_numeric_keys(opts, 1, 1)
	ctx.text = ctx.frame:expandTemplate{
		title = tname,
		args = concat_params(ctx)
	}
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:args|concat_and_invoke|module name|function name|[prepend
--            1]|[prepend 2]|[...]|[item n]|[named item 1=value 1]|[...]|[named
--            item n=value n]|[...]
library.concat_and_invoke = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local mname
	local fname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then mname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_invoke’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[2] ~= nil then fname = opts[2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_invoke’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	remove_numeric_keys(opts, 1, 2)
	local mfunc = require('Module:' .. mname)[fname]
	if mfunc == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_invoke’: The function ‘' .. fname ..
		'’ does not exist', 0) end
	ctx.text = mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild{
		title = 'Module:' .. mname,
		args = concat_params(ctx)
	})
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:args|concat_and_magic|parser function|[prepend 1]|[prepend
--            2]|[...]|[item n]|[named item 1=value 1]|[...]|[named item n=
--            value n]|[...]
library.concat_and_magic = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.params` might be the original metatable!
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local magic
	if opts[1] ~= nil then magic = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘concat_and_magic’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	remove_numeric_keys(opts, 1, 1)
	ctx.text = ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, concat_params(ctx))
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|value_of|parameter name
library.value_of = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` and `ctx.params` might be the original metatables!
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	if opts[1] == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘value_of’: No parameter name was provided', 0) end
	local val
	local key = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.-)%s*$'
	if key == '0' or key:find'^%-?[1-9]%d*$' ~= nil then
		key = tonumber(key)
		val = ctx.params[key]
		-- No worries: #ctx.params is unused if the modifier in first position
		if val ~= nil and (
			ctx.subset ~= -1 or key &gt; #ctx.params or key &lt; 1
		) and (
			ctx.subset ~= 1 or (key &lt;= #ctx.params and key &gt; 0)
		) then
			ctx.text = (ctx.header or '') .. val .. (ctx.footer or '')
		else ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or '' end
	else
		val = ctx.params[key]
		if ctx.subset ~= 1 and val ~= nil then
			ctx.text = (ctx.header or '') .. val .. (ctx.footer or '')
		else ctx.text = ctx.ifngiven or '' end
	end
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|list
library.list = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` might be the original metatable!
	local ret, nss, kvs, pps = {}, 0, ctx.pairsep or '', ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			ret[nss + 1] = pps
			ret[nss + 2] = key
			ret[nss + 3] = kvs
			ret[nss + 4] = val
			nss = nss + 4
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 4)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|list_values
library.list_values = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` might be the original metatable!
	-- NOTE: `library.coins()` and `library.unique_coins()` rely on us
	local ret, nss, pps = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			ret[nss + 1] = pps
			ret[nss + 2] = val
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|list_maybe_with_names
library.list_maybe_with_names = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` might be the original metatable!
	local ret, nss, kvs, pps = {}, 0, ctx.pairsep or '', ctx.itersep or ''
	mixed_flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			ret[nss + 1] = pps
			ret[nss + 2] = ''
			ret[nss + 3] = ''
			ret[nss + 4] = val
			nss = nss + 4
		end,
		function (key, val)
			ret[nss + 1] = pps
			ret[nss + 2] = key
			ret[nss + 3] = kvs
			ret[nss + 4] = val
			nss = nss + 4
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 4)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|coins|[first coin = value 1]|[second coin = value
--            2]|[...]|[last coin = value N]
library.coins = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` might be the original metatable!
	local opts, tbl = ctx.pipe, ctx.params
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do tbl[key] = opts[get_parameter_name(val)] end
	return library.list_values(ctx)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|unique_coins|[first coin = value 1]|[second coin =
--            value 2]|[...]|[last coin = value N]
library.unique_coins = function (ctx)
	local opts, tbl = ctx.pipe, ctx.params
	local tmp
	for key, val in pairs(tbl) do
		tmp = get_parameter_name(val)
		tbl[key] = opts[tmp]
		opts[tmp] = nil
	end
	return library.list_values(ctx)
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|for_each|wikitext
library.for_each = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` might be the original metatable!
	local ret, nss, pps, txt = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or '', ctx.pipe[1] or ''
	local skel, cnv, n_parts = parse_placeholder_string(txt)
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			for idx = 2, n_parts, 2 do
				if skel[idx] then cnv[idx] = val
				else cnv[idx] = tostring(key) end
			end
			ret[nss + 1] = pps
			ret[nss + 2] = table.concat(cnv)
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|call_for_each|template name|[append 1]|[append 2]
--            |[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.call_for_each = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘call_for_each’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = tname, args = opts }
	local ret, nss, ccs = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	table.insert(opts, 1, true)
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			opts[1] = key
			opts[2] = val
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|invoke_for_each|module name|module function|[append
--            1]|[append 2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]
--            |[named param n=value n]|[...]
library.invoke_for_each = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local mname
	local fname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then mname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[2] ~= nil then fname = opts[2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = opts }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]

	local ret, nss, ccs = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			opts[1] = key
			opts[2] = val
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model))
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|magic_for_each|parser function|[append 1]|[append 2]
--            |[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.magic_for_each = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local magic
	if opts[1] ~= nil then magic = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘magic_for_each’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local ret, nss, ccs = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	table.insert(opts, 1, true)
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			opts[1] = key
			opts[2] = val
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, opts)
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|call_for_each_value|template name|[append 1]|[append
--            2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.call_for_each_value = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘call_for_each_value’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = tname, args = opts }
	local ret, nss, ccs = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			opts[1] = val
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|invoke_for_each_value|module name|[append 1]|[append
--            2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.invoke_for_each_value = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local mname
	local fname
	if opts[1] ~= nil then mname = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if mname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each_value’: No module name was provided', 0) end
	if opts[2] ~= nil then fname = opts[2]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘invoke_for_each_value’: No function name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = 'Module:' .. mname, args = opts }
	local mfunc = require(model.title)[fname]
	local ret, nss, ccs = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	remove_numeric_keys(opts, 1, 1)
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			opts[1] = val
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = mfunc(ctx.frame:newChild(model))
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|magic_for_each_value|parser function|[append 1]
--            |[append 2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named
--            param n=value n]|[...]
library.magic_for_each_value = function (ctx)
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local magic
	if opts[1] ~= nil then magic = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if magic == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘magic_for_each_value’: No parser function was provided', 0) end
	local ret, nss, ccs = {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (key, val)
			opts[1] = val
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = ctx.frame:callParserFunction(magic, opts)
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|call_for_each_group|template name|[append 1]|[append
--            2]|[...]|[append n]|[named param 1=value 1]|[...]|[named param
--            n=value n]|[...]
library.call_for_each_group = function (ctx)
	-- NOTE: `ctx.pipe` and `ctx.params` might be the original metatables!
	local opts = ctx.pipe
	local tmp
	if opts[1] ~= nil then tmp = opts[1]:match'^%s*(.*%S)' end
	if tmp == nil then error(modulename ..
		', ‘call_for_each_group’: No template name was provided', 0) end
	local model = { title = tmp }
	local opts, ret, nss, ccs = {}, {}, 0, ctx.itersep or ''
	for key, val in pairs(ctx.pipe) do
		if type(key) == 'number' then opts[key - 1] = val
		else opts[key] = val end
	end
	ctx.pipe = opts
	ctx.params = make_groups(ctx.params)
	flush_params(
		ctx,
		function (gid, group)
			for key, val in pairs(opts) do group[key] = val end
			group[0] = gid
			model.args = group
			ret[nss + 1] = ccs
			ret[nss + 2] = ctx.frame:expandTemplate(model)
			nss = nss + 2
		end
	)
	finalize_and_return_concatenated_list(ctx, ret, nss, 2)
	return false
end


	---                                        ---
	---     PUBLIC ENVIRONMENT                 ---
	---    ________________________________    ---
	---                                        ---


	--[[ First-position-only modifiers ]]--
	---------------------------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|new|pipe to
static_iface.new = function (child_frame)
	local ctx = context_new(child_frame)
	ctx.pipe = copy_or_ref_table(ctx.opipe, false)
	ctx.params = {}
	main_loop(ctx, context_iterate(ctx, 1))
	return ctx.text
end


	--[[ First-position-only functions ]]--
	---------------------------------------


-- Syntax:  #invoke:params|self
static_iface.self = function (frame)
	return frame:getParent():getTitle()
end


	--[[ Public metatable of functions ]]--
	---------------------------------------


return setmetatable({}, {
	__index = function (_, query)
		local fname = query:match'^%s*(.*%S)'
		if fname == nil then error(modulename ..
			': You must specify a function to call', 0) end
		local func = static_iface[fname]
		if func ~= nil then return func end
		func = library[fname]
		if func == nil then error(modulename ..
			': The function ‘' .. fname .. '’ does not exist', 0) end
		return function (child_frame)
			local ctx = context_new(child_frame)
			ctx.pipe = copy_or_ref_table(ctx.opipe, refpipe[fname])
			ctx.params = copy_or_ref_table(ctx.oparams, refparams[fname])
			main_loop(ctx, func)
			return ctx.text
		end
	end
})</text>
      <sha1>0zh9yszcu1lo1rpmyh2ls1na8hemel4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>රොහාන් පෙරේරා</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>150260</id>
    <revision>
      <id>788495</id>
      <parentid>670695</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-26T06:24:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sasithmadu</username>
        <id>27730</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>788495</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6873" sha1="7uiqer75t1gkgi2jsgb1qlw9bk2h4yw" xml:space="preserve">'''රොහාන් පෙරේරා''' (උපත 1964.02.05 - විපත 2024.04.12) යනු ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ සිටි ප්‍රමුඛ කලා සහ සමාජ විචාරකයෙක් සහ චින්තකයෙක් වේ. 1980 සහ 1990 වකවානුවල මෙරට විකල්ප බුද්ධිමය කව ආශ්‍රිත සංවාදයට ලක් වූ [[ස්ත්‍රීවාදය]], [[පශ්චාත් නූතනවාදය|පශ්චාත් නූතනත්වය]], සහ [[මනෝ විශ්ලේෂණවාදය|මනෝවිශ්ලේෂණය]] වැනි මතවාදී දහරාවන් මෙරටට හඳුන්වා දීමේ දී සහ සමාජ දේශපාලන විචාරයන් සඳහා භාවිතා කිරීමේ දී තීරණාත්මක කාර්යභාරයක් ඔහු විසින් ඉටුකෙරිණ. ඩෙරීඩා, ලැකාන්, ෆූකෝ වැනි චින්තකයන්ගේ මතවාද හඳුන්වා දීමේ දී ඔහු සුවිශේෂී කාර්යභාරයක් ඉටුකරන ලදී. ඔහු විසින් [[එක්ස් කණ්ඩායම]] ඇතුලු විකල්ප බුද්ධිමය කව රැසකට අවශ්‍ය මතවාදී පසුබිම සකස් කළ ද ඉතා අප්‍රකට ජීවිතයක් ගත කළ ඔහුගේ ලේඛන පවතින්නේ ඉතා සීමිත වශයෙන් වන අතර ඉන් ප්‍රමුඛ ම ලියවිල්ල වන්නේ &quot;''ආසියාතික බෞද්ධ ස්ත්‍රියක් හමුවේ ඩෙරීඩා විසංයෝජනය කළ විට...''&quot; නමැති රචනාවයි. එය සමාජ විද්‍යාඥයන්ගේ සංගමය විසින් පළ කළ ප්‍රවාද සඟරාවේ 1995 වසරේ දී කොටස් 5ක් ලෙස පළ කැරිණි. කෙටිකලක් ඔහු සිනමා සංස්ථාවෙහි ආරාධිත දේශකයෙකු වශයෙන් ද කටයුතු කරන ලදී. 

== ජීවිතය ==
මොහොමඩ් ෆස්ලි නිසාර් නමින් රත්මලානේ දී උපත ලැබූ ඔහු අවුරුදු 17 දී නිවසින් නික්ම යන අතර ඔහු සිය මුලු සමාජ ජීවිතය ම පාහේ ගත කරන්නේ රොහාන් පෙරේරා යන නමිනි.සමාජ විචාරකයකුට අමතර ව ඔහු නර්තන සහ පියානෝ ගුරුවරයෙකු මෙන් ම ආත්මාරාක්ෂක සටන් කලා ප්‍රගුණ කළ අයෙක් ද විය.   

2024 වසරේ අප්‍රේල් 12 දින පාසිකුඩාහි දී හෘදයාබාධයකින් මියගියේ ය. 
== ක්‍රියාකාරීත්වය සහ මතවාද ==
1980 දශකයේ බිහි වූ සුවිශේෂී බුද්ධිමතුන් පරම්පරාවක රොහාන් පෙරේරා පුරෝගාමියෙක් ලෙස සැලකිය හැකි බව පවසන ආචාර්ය නිර්මාල් රංජිත් දේවසිරි, &quot;1990 දශකයේ දී මෙම නව බුද්ධිමය පරම්පරාව තුළ අතිශයින් ජනප්‍රිය වූ 'ක්ෂුද්‍ර දේශපාලනය' පිළිබඳ ලංකාවේ ආරම්භක න්‍යායවේදියා&quot; ලෙස රොහාන් පෙරේරා ව හඳුන්වා දෙයි. &lt;ref name=&quot;Nirmal&quot;&gt;{{cite book
	| last = රංජිත් දේවසිරි 
	| first = නිර්මාල් 
	| author-link = 
	| date = 
	| title = ලංකාවේ නව ප්‍රති ජාතිකවාදී චින්තනයේ දස වසක්
	| url = https://vidarshana.lk/product/lankawe-nawa-prathi-jathikawadi-chinthanaye-dasa-wasak-2-weluma/
	| location = 
	| publisher = විදර්ශන ප්‍රකාශකයෝ 
	| page = &lt;!-- or pages: --&gt;
	| isbn = 9786245546091
}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== ලියන ලද ලිපි ==

* {{Cite journal|last=පෙරේරා|first=රොහාන්|year=1995|editor-last=අබේසේකර|editor-first=චාල්ස්|editor2-last=උයන්ගොඩ|editor2-first=ජයදේව|editor3-last=දේවසිරි|editor3-first=නිර්මාල් රංජිත්|title=ආසියාතික බෞද්ධ ස්ත්‍රියක් හමුවේ ඩෙරීඩා|url=https://ssalanka.org/product/%e0%b6%b4%e0%b7%8a%e0%b6%bb%e0%b7%80%e0%b7%8f%e0%b6%af-%e0%b7%80%e0%b7%99%e0%b7%85%e0%b7%94%e0%b6%b8-8-1995-%e0%b6%b4%e0%b7%99%e0%b6%b6%e0%b6%bb%e0%b7%80%e0%b7%8f%e0%b6%bb%e0%b7%92/|journal=ප්‍රවාද|issue=8|pages=75-100|issn=1391-0949|access-date=2024-04-18|archive-date=2024-04-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418024336/https://ssalanka.org/product/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AF-%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%99%E0%B7%85%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8-8-1995-%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B6%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92/|url-status=dead}}
* {{Cite journal|last=පෙරේරා|first=රොහාන්|year=1995|editor-last=අබේසේකර|editor-first=චාල්ස්|editor2-last=උයන්ගොඩ|editor2-first=ජයදේව|editor3-last=දේවසිරි|editor3-first=නිර්මාල් රංජිත්|title=ස්ත්‍රී- පාරභෞතිකවාදය|url=https://ssalanka.org/product/%e0%b6%b4%e0%b7%8a%e0%b6%bb%e0%b7%80%e0%b7%8f%e0%b6%af-%e0%b7%80%e0%b7%99%e0%b7%85%e0%b7%94%e0%b6%b8-9-1995-%e0%b6%a2%e0%b7%96%e0%b6%b1%e0%b7%92/|journal=ප්‍රවාද|issue=9|pages=97-118|issn=1391-0949|access-date=2024-04-18|archive-date=2024-04-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240418024336/https://ssalanka.org/product/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AF-%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%99%E0%B7%85%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8-9-1995-%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92/|url-status=dead}}

==ආශ්‍රිත නාමාවලිය==
{{Reflist}}
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:දර්ශනය]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:සමාජ විද්‍යාව]]
[[ප්‍රවර්ගය:විචාරාත්මක චින්තනය]]</text>
      <sha1>7uiqer75t1gkgi2jsgb1qlw9bk2h4yw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>නෙබ්රා (පාරාවෝ)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>193049</id>
    <revision>
      <id>788498</id>
      <parentid>787953</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-26T08:32:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yasasuru</username>
        <id>23090</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>[[Special:Contributions/Lee|Lee]] ([[User talk:Lee|සාකච්ඡාව]]) ගේ සංස්කරණයන්  [[User:Yasasuru|Yasasuru]] ගේ අවසන් අනුවාදය වෙත ප්‍රතිවර්තනය කෙරිණි</comment>
      <origin>787835</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5125" sha1="hayq3eo7fm4zvepvrqzgmgowa0rgv42" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|ඊජිප්තුවේ දෙවන රාජවංශයේ මුල්කාලීන දෙවන රජුගේ හොරස් නාමය}}

{{Infobox pharaoh
| name = නෙබ්රා
| alt_name =රනෙබ්, නෙබ්රේ, කකාඋ, කයිචූස්, චෙචෞස්
| image = Stela of Raneb MET DP259528.jpg
| caption = නෙබ්‍රාගේ සොහොන්ගැබ් පුවරුව, [[මෙට්‍රොපොලිටන් කලා කෞතුකාගාරය]], [[නිව් යෝර්ක් නගරය|නිව් යෝර්ක්]]
| reign = වර්ෂ 10–14; {{circa}} ක්‍රි.පූ. 29වන සියවස
| dynasty = [[ඊජිප්තුවේ දෙවන රාජවංශය|2වන රාජවංශය]]; ක්‍රි.පූ. 2850 පමණ
| predecessor = [[හොටෙප්සෙඛෙම්වි]]
| successor = [[නයිනෙට්ජෙර්]]
| prenomen = Nisut-bitj-Nebty-Nebra&lt;br/&gt;''Nsw.t-btj-rˁ-nb''&lt;br/&gt;''ඉහළ සහ පහළ ඊජිප්තුවේ රජ,&lt;br/&gt;ද්විත්ව ආර්‍යාවන්ගේ, නෙබ්රා''&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;M23:X1-L2:X1-G16-N5:V30&lt;/hiero&gt; &lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;කකාඋ&lt;br/&gt;''අපිස්ගේ ගවයා''&lt;br/&gt;''K3-k3.w'' &lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-D28-D52:D52:D52-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[සකාරා රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;කකාඋ&lt;br /&gt;''අපිස්ගේ ගවයා''&lt;br/&gt; ''K3-k3.w''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-D28-D52:D52:D52-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;'''[[ටියුරින් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;...කකාඋ&lt;br/&gt;''...අපිස්ගේ ගවයා''&lt;br/&gt;''...k3-k3.w''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-HASH-HASH-D52:E1-G43-&gt;-G7&lt;/hiero&gt;
| horus = හොර්-නෙබ්රා&lt;br/&gt;''Hr-nb-rˁ'' &lt;br/&gt;''හොරස්ගේ සූර්ය අධිපති''
| horus_hiero = &lt;hiero&gt;N5:V30&lt;/hiero&gt;
| nebty = නෙබ්රා-නෙබ්ටි&lt;br/&gt;''S.htp-nbt.j''&lt;br/&gt;''ද්විත්ව ආර්යාවන්ගේ සූර්‍ය අධිපති''&lt;br&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;G16-N5:V30&lt;/hiero&gt;
| children = [[පෙර්නෙබ්]], [[නයිනෙට්ජෙර්]] ?
| father = [[හොටෙප්සෙඛෙම්වි]] ?
| burial = ගැලරි සොහොන්ගැබ A, සකාරා (?)
}}

'''නෙබ්රා''' හෙවත් '''‍රනෙබ්''' ‍යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ [[ඊජිප්තුවේ දෙවන රාජවංශය|දෙවන රාජවංශයේ]] [[ඊජිප්තුවේ මුල්කාලීන රාජවංශික යුගය|මුල්කාලීන ඊජිප්තු]]වේ දෙවන [[පාරාවෝ|රජු]]ගේ [[පුරාතන ඊජිප්තු රාජකීය පදවි නාම|හොරස් නාමය]]යි. [[ටියුරින් රාජාවලිය]]ට හානි සිදුවී ඇතිබැවින් ඔහුගේ රාජ්‍ය සමයේ දිග සහ වාර්ෂික වාර්තා පිළිබඳ තොරතුරු අනාවරණය නොවේ.&lt;ref name=AHG&gt;Alan H. Gardiner: ''The royal canon of Turin''. Griffith Institute of Oxford, Oxford (UK) 1997, {{ISBN|0-900416-48-3}}; page 15 &amp; Table I.&lt;/ref&gt; [[මැනතෝ]] විසින් නෙබ්‍රාගේ පාලන සමය වර්ෂ 39ක් යැයි සඳහන් කළ ද,&lt;ref&gt;William Gillian Waddell: ''Manetho (The Loeb classical Library, Volume 350)''. Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Mass.) 2004 (Reprint), {{ISBN|0-674-99385-3}}, page 37–41.&lt;/ref&gt; [[ඊජිප්තුවේදීන්]] විසින් මෙම සඳහන වැරදි අර්ථකථනයක් වියහැකි බව විශ්වාස කරනු ලබයි. ඔවුහු නෙබ්‍රාගේ රාජ්‍ය සමය ලෙස වර්ෂ 10- හෝ 14-ක සමයක් සඳහන් කරති.&lt;ref&gt;Dietrich Wildung: ''Die Rolle ägyptischer Könige im Bewusstsein ihrer Nachwelt. Teil 1: Posthume Quellen über die Könige der ersten vier Dynastien''; Münchener Ägyptologische Studien, Volume 17. [[Deutscher Kunstverlag]], München/Berlin, 1969. pp. 31–33.&lt;/ref&gt;

==බාහිර සබැඳි ==
* [http://www.francescoraffaele.com/egypt/hesyra/nebra.html Francesco Raffaele: Nebra (Kakaw?)]

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{{s-end}}
{{Second Dynasty of Ancient Egypt}}
{{Pharaohs}}
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25 [[විශේෂ:දායකත්ව/&amp;#126;2026-25302-16|&amp;#126;2026-25302-16]] ([[පරිශීලක සාකච්ඡාව:&amp;#126;2026-25302-16|talk]]) 08:10, 26 අප්‍රේල් 2026 (යූටීසී)</text>
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{{Infobox pharaoh
| name = සෙනෙඩ්ජ්
| alt_name = සෙනෙඩ්, සෙන්ඩ්ජ්, සෙතෙනෙස්
| image = Abydos KL 02-05 n13.jpg
| caption = ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලියේ ඇති සෙනෙඩ්ජ් කාර්ටුෂ් නාමය (කාර්ටුෂ් අංක 13)
| reign =ක්‍රි.පූ. 2773–2753 හෝ පසුව
| dynasty = [[ඊජිප්තුවේ දෙවන රාජවංශය|2වන රාජවංශය]]
| predecessor = [[වැඩ්ජෙනෙස්]] හෝ [[වෙනෙග් (පාරාවෝ)|වෙනෙග්]]
| successor = අවිනිශ්චිත ය; [[සෙඛෙමිබ්]], [[පෙරිබ්සෙන්]], [[පළමුවන නෙෆර්කාරා|නෙෆර්කාරා I]]
| prenomen = '''ගීසාවේ ශිලා පාත්‍රයක'''&lt;br/&gt;ඉහළ සහ පහළ ඊජිප්තුවේ රජ, සෙනෙඩ්&lt;br/&gt;nsw.t-btj snd&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;M23:X1-L2:X1-s-n:d&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''ශෙරී සොහොන්ගැබ (4වන රාජවංශය), සකාරා'''&lt;br/&gt;Sened&lt;br/&gt;''Snd''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-s-n:d-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br/&gt;''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-s-n:d-i-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[සකාරා රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br /&gt; ''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-G54-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;'''[[ටියුරින් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br/&gt;''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-G54-HASH-&gt;-HASH&lt;/hiero&gt;
| father = [[වැඩ්ජෙනෙස්]] ?
}}

'''සෙනෙඩ්ජ්''' (also known as '''Sened''' and '''Sethenes''') was an [[Early Dynastic Period of Egypt|early Egyptian]] king ([[pharaoh]]), who may have ruled during the [[Second Dynasty of Egypt|2nd Dynasty]]. His historical standing remains uncertain. His name is included in the kinglists of the [[Ramesses II|Ramesside era]], although it is written in different ways: While the [[Abydos King List]] imitates the archaic form, the [[Turin King List|Royal Canon of Turin]] and the [[Saqqara King List]] form the name with the [[hieroglyphs|hieroglyphic]] sign of a plucked [[goose]].

It is unknown how long Senedj ruled over Egypt. The Royal Canon of Turin credits him with a lifespan of 54 years,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lundström |first=Peter |title=Turin King List: column 3 |url=https://pharaoh.se/ancient-egypt/kinglist/turin/column-3/ |access-date=2025-10-20 |website=Pharaoh.se |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; the ancient Egyptian historian [[Manetho]] states that ''Séthenes'' (as he calls Senedj) ruled for 41 years.&lt;ref&gt;William Gillian Waddell: ''Manetho'' (= ''The Loeb Classical Library'', Vol. 350). Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Mass.) 2004, {{ISBN|0-674-99385-3}}, p. 37-41.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Name sources ==
The possibly only known contemporary inscription from Senedj's reign was found in 1909 by Egyptologist Uvo Hölscher, who assisted the excavations at the [[Khephren]]- and [[Menkaura]] temple at [[Giza]]. Hölscher found a small, thin-walled and polished [[diorite]] shard, which once belonged to a flat bowl. At the left breakline an incised inscription gives the reading: &quot;The king of Upper- and Lower Egypt, Senedj&quot;. The inscription goes from the right to the left and exceeds the breakline, but the king's name remains reconstructable. The precious artifact was published in 1912.&lt;ref&gt;Uvo Hölscher, Georg Steindorff: ''Das Grabdenkmal des Königs Chephren'' (= ''Veröffentlichungen der Ernst von Sieglin Expedition in Ägypten'', 1st Volume). Hinrischs'sche Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1912. page 106ff.&lt;/ref&gt; It was also examined by [[George Andrew Reisner]], who mentioned it shortly in his book ''Mycerinus, the Temples of the Third Pyramid at Giza''.&lt;ref&gt;George Andrew Reisner: ''Mycerinus, the Temples of the Third Pyramid at Giza''. Harvard University Press, Boston 1931, page 105.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Wilkinson 2002 p. &quot;&gt;{{cite book | last=Wilkinson | first=T.A.H. | title=Early Dynastic Egypt | publisher=Taylor &amp; Francis | year=2002 | isbn=978-1-134-66420-7 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lGGFAgAAQBAJ | access-date=2024-01-19 | page=74-75}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Scheri1.png|left|thumb|Inscription on a false door from the tomb of the high priest Shery at Saqqara, mentioning Senedj.]]
The next source referring to king Senedj dates back to the beginning or middle of the 4th Dynasty. The name, written in a [[cartouche]], appears in the inscription on a [[false door]] belonging to the [[mastaba]] [[tomb]] of the high [[priest]] [[Shery (Egypt)|Shery]] at [[Saqqara]]. Shery held the title “overseer of all wab-priests of king [[Seth-Peribsen|Peribsen]] in the [[necropolis]] of king Senedj”, “overseer of the ka-priests of king Senedj” and “god's servant of Senedj”. Senedj's name is written in [[Early Dynastic Period of Egypt|archaic]] form and set in a cartouche, which is an [[anachronism]], since the cartouche itself was not used until the end of [[Third Dynasty of Egypt|3rd Dynasty]] under king [[Huni]].&lt;ref&gt;Auguste Mariette: ''Les mastabas de l’Ancien Empire''. Paris 1885, page 92–94&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Werner Kaiser: ''Zur Nennung von Sened und Peribsen in Sakkara'', In: ''Göttinger Miszellen'', no. 122, (1991), page 49–55.&lt;/ref&gt; Egyptologist [[Dietrich Wildung]] points to two further priests and possible relatives of Shery, who both also participated the funerary cult of Senedj, ''Inkef'' and ''Siy''.&lt;ref&gt;Dietrich Wildung: Die Rolle ägyptischer Könige im Bewußtsein ihrer Nachwelt (= Münchener Ägyptologische Studien. Bd. 17). [[Deutscher Kunstverlag]], München/ Berlin 1969, p. 44-47.&lt;/ref&gt;

Senedj is also mentioned in [[Papyrus Berlin 3038]], which contains medical prescriptions and therapies for numerous diseases. One of these gives instructions for treating foot [[cramp]]s, and closes with the claim that the recipe for the ointment originates from a &quot;book of vessels&quot;. This book is claimed to originate from the time of king Usáphais (identical with king Horus [[Den (pharaoh)|Den]] of [[First Dynasty of Egypt|Dynasty I]]). King Senedj allegedly received the book as an inheritance gift.&lt;ref&gt;Wolfhart Westendorf: ''Erwachen der Heilkunst: die Medizin im alten Ägypten''. Artemis &amp; Winkler, 1992, {{ISBN|3760810721}}, p. 48.&lt;/ref&gt;

The latest mention of Senedj's name appears on a small [[bronze]] statuette in the shape of a kneeling king wearing the White Crown of [[Upper Egypt]] and holding incense burners in its hands. Additionally, the figurine wears a belt which has Senedj's name carved at the back.&lt;ref&gt;Wolfgang Helck: ''Untersuchungen zur Thinitenzeit''. (Ägyptologische Abhandlungen, Volume 45), Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1987, {{ISBN|3-447-02677-4}}, page 103-106&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=DWD&gt;Dietrich Wildung: ''Die Rolle ägyptischer Könige im Bewusstsein ihrer Nachwelt''. Part I (Münchener Ägytologische Studien 17). Deutscher Kunstverlag, München/Berlin 1969, page 45&lt;/ref&gt;

Egyptologist [[Peter Munro (Egyptologist)|Peter Munro]] has written a report about the existence of a mud seal inscription showing the cartouche name ''Nefer-senedj-Ra'', which he thinks to be a version of “Senedj”.&lt;ref&gt;Peter Munro: ''Nefer-Senedj-Ra'', In: ''Orientalia''; Band 57 (1988); page 330.&lt;/ref&gt; But since the finding was never photographed nor drawn and the alleged object meanwhile got lost, Munro's claim is highly questioned by many scholars.&lt;ref name=DWD/&gt;

== Identity ==
The [[horus name]] of Senedj remains unknown. The false door inscription of Shery might indicate that Senedj is identical with king Seth-Peribsen and that the name &quot;Senedj&quot; was brought into the kinglists, because a seth-name was not allowed to be mentioned.&lt;ref&gt;Kenneth Anderson Kitchen: ''Ramesside Inscriptions''. page 234–235&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jürgen von Beckerath: ''Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen.''. Deutscher Kunstverlag, München/Berlin 1984, {{ISBN|3-422-00832-2}}, page 171.&lt;/ref&gt; It may have been done by taking the name &quot;Peribsen&quot; (He who comes forth by their will), removing the syllables for &quot;per&quot; and &quot;ib&quot;, and adding the &quot;edj&quot; syllable in the end to get &quot;Senedj&quot; (The frightful one).

Other Egyptologists, such as Wolfgang Helck and Dietrich Wildung, are not so sure and believe that Senedj and Peribsen were different rulers. They point out that the false door inscription has the names of both strictly separated from each other. Additionally, Wildung thinks that Senedj [[donation|donated]] an offering [[chapel]] to Peribsen in his necropolis.&lt;ref&gt;Wolfgang Helck: ''Untersuchungen zur Thinitenzeit''. page 105-106.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Dietrich Wildung: ''Die Rolle ägyptischer Könige im Bewusstsein ihrer Nachwelt''. page 45.&lt;/ref&gt; This theory in turn is questioned by Helck and [[:de:Hermann A. Schlögl | Hermann A. Schlögl]], who point to the clay seals of king [[Sekhemib-Perenmaat|Sekhemib]] found in the entrance area of Peribsen's tomb, which might prove that Sekhemib buried Peribsen, not Senedj.&lt;ref&gt;Hermann Alexander Schlögl: ''Das Alte Ägypten''. page 77-78 &amp; 415.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Reign ==
===Splitting kingdoms===
Egyptologists such as Wolfgang Helck, [[Nicolas Grimal]], Hermann Alexander Schlögl and [[Francesco Tiradritti]] believe that king [[Nynetjer]], the third ruler of 2nd dynasty, left a realm that was suffering from an overly complex state administration and that Nynetjer decided to split Egypt to leave it to his two sons (or, at least, two chosen successors) who would rule two separate kingdoms, in the hope that the two rulers could better administer the states.&lt;ref&gt;Nicolas Grimal: ''A History of Ancient Egypt''. Wiley-Blackwell, Weinheim 1994, {{ISBN|978-0-631-19396-8}}, page 55.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Francesco Tiradritti &amp; Anna Maria Donadoni Roveri: ''Kemet: Alle Sorgenti Del Tempo''. Electa, Milano 1998, {{ISBN|88-435-6042-5}}, page 80–85.&lt;/ref&gt; In contrast, Egyptologists such as [[Barbara Bell (astronomer)|Barbara Bell]] believe that an economic catastrophe such as a [[famine]] or a long lasting drought affected Egypt. Therefore, to better address the problem of feeding the Egyptian population, Nynetjer split the realm into two and his successors founded two independent realms until the famine came to an end. Bell points to the inscriptions of the [[Palermo stone]], where, in her opinion, the records of the [[Nile|annual Nile floods]] show constantly low levels during this period.&lt;ref&gt;Barbara Bell: ''Oldest Records of the Nile Floods'', In: ''Geographical Journal'', No. 136. 1970, page 569–573; M. Goedike: ''Journal of Egypt Archaeology'', No. 42. 1998, page 50.&lt;/ref&gt;

Bell's theory is refuted today by Egyptologists such as [[Stephan Seidlmayer]], who corrected Bell's calculations. Seidlmayer has shown that the annual Nile floods were at usual levels at Nynetjer's time up to the period of the [[Old Kingdom of Egypt|Old Kingdom]]. Bell had overlooked that the heights of the Nile floods in the Palermo stone inscription only takes into account the measurements of the [[nilometer]]s around [[Memphis, Egypt|Memphis]], but not elsewhere along the river. Any long-lasting drought can therefore be excluded.&lt;ref&gt;Stephan Seidlmayer: ''Historische und moderne Nilstände: Historische und moderne Nilstände: Untersuchungen zu den Pegelablesungen des Nils von der Frühzeit bis in die Gegenwart''. Achet, Berlin 2001, {{ISBN|3-9803730-8-8}}, page 87–89.&lt;/ref&gt;
===Coregency and succession===
It is unclear if Senedj already shared his throne with another ruler, or if the Egyptian state was split at the time of his death. All known kinglists such as the [[Saqqara King List|Sakkara list]], the [[Turin King List]] and the [[Abydos King List|Abydos table]] list a king [[Wadjenes]] as predecessor of Senedj. After Senedj, the kinglists differ from each other in respect of the successors. While the Sakkara list and the Turin canon mention the kings [[Neferkara I|Neferka(ra)]], [[Neferkasokar]] and [[Hudjefa I]] as immediate successors, the Abydos list skips them and lists a king ''Djadjay'' (identical with king [[Khasekhemwy]]). If Egypt was already divided when Senedj gained the throne, kings like Sekhemib and Peribsen would have ruled Upper Egypt, whilst Senedj and his successors, Neferka(ra) and Hudjefa I, would have ruled Lower Egypt. The division of Egypt was brought to an end by king Khasekhemwy.&lt;ref&gt;Hermann Alexander Schlögl: ''Das Alte Ägypten: Geschichte und Kultur von der Frühzeit bis zu Kleopatra''. Beck, Hamburg 2006, {{ISBN|3-406-54988-8}}, page 77-78 &amp; 415.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tomb ==
It is unknown where Senedj was buried. If he was actually the same person as Peribsen, he was buried in '''''tomb P''''' at Abydos.

Other Egyptologists, such as [[Toby Wilkinson]] assumed that Senedj might have been buried at Saqqara. To support this view, Wilkinson makes the observation that mortuary priests in earlier times were never buried too far away from the king for whom they had practised the mortuary cult. Wilkinson thinks that one of the Great Southern Galleries within the [[Pyramid of Djoser|Necropolis of King]] [[Djoser]] ([[Third Dynasty of Egypt|3rd Dynasty]]) was originally Senedj's tomb.&lt;ref&gt;Toby Wilkinson: ''Early Dynastic Egypt''. Routledge, London/New York 1999, {{ISBN|0-415-18633-1}}, page 88 - 89.&lt;/ref&gt;

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.francescoraffaele.com/egypt/hesyra/sened.htm Sened/Senedj]

{{S-start}}
{{S-bef | before=[[Wadjenes]] }}
{{S-ttl | title=[[Pharaoh|Pharaoh of Egypt]]}}
{{S-aft | after=[[Seth-Peribsen]]}}
{{end}}
{{Second Dynasty of Ancient Egypt}}
{{Pharaohs}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:28th-century BC pharaohs]]
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| alt_name = සෙනෙඩ්, සෙන්ඩ්ජ්, සෙතෙනෙස්
| image = Abydos KL 02-05 n13.jpg
| caption = ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලියේ ඇති සෙනෙඩ්ජ් කාර්ටුෂ් නාමය (කාර්ටුෂ් අංක 13)
| reign =ක්‍රි.පූ. 2773–2753 හෝ පසුව
| dynasty = [[ඊජිප්තුවේ දෙවන රාජවංශය|2වන රාජවංශය]]
| predecessor = [[වැඩ්ජෙනෙස්]] හෝ [[වෙනෙග් (පාරාවෝ)|වෙනෙග්]]
| successor = අවිනිශ්චිත ය; [[සෙඛෙමිබ්]], [[පෙරිබ්සෙන්]], [[පළමුවන නෙෆර්කාරා|නෙෆර්කාරා I]]
| prenomen = '''ගීසාවේ ශිලා පාත්‍රයක'''&lt;br/&gt;ඉහළ සහ පහළ ඊජිප්තුවේ රජ, සෙනෙඩ්&lt;br/&gt;nsw.t-btj snd&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;M23:X1-L2:X1-s-n:d&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''ශෙරී සොහොන්ගැබ (4වන රාජවංශය), සකාරා'''&lt;br/&gt;Sened&lt;br/&gt;''Snd''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-s-n:d-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br/&gt;''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-s-n:d-i-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[සකාරා රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br /&gt; ''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-G54-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;'''[[ටියුරින් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br/&gt;''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-G54-HASH-&gt;-HASH&lt;/hiero&gt;
| father = [[වැඩ්ජෙනෙස්]] ?
}}

'''සෙනෙඩ්ජ්''' (also known as '''Sened''' and '''Sethenes''') was an [[Early Dynastic Period of Egypt|early Egyptian]] king ([[pharaoh]]), who may have ruled during the [[Second Dynasty of Egypt|2nd Dynasty]]. His historical standing remains uncertain. His name is included in the kinglists of the [[Ramesses II|Ramesside era]], although it is written in different ways: While the [[Abydos King List]] imitates the archaic form, the [[Turin King List|Royal Canon of Turin]] and the [[Saqqara King List]] form the name with the [[hieroglyphs|hieroglyphic]] sign of a plucked [[goose]].

It is unknown how long Senedj ruled over Egypt. The Royal Canon of Turin credits him with a lifespan of 54 years,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lundström |first=Peter |title=Turin King List: column 3 |url=https://pharaoh.se/ancient-egypt/kinglist/turin/column-3/ |access-date=2025-10-20 |website=Pharaoh.se |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; the ancient Egyptian historian [[Manetho]] states that ''Séthenes'' (as he calls Senedj) ruled for 41 years.&lt;ref&gt;William Gillian Waddell: ''Manetho'' (= ''The Loeb Classical Library'', Vol. 350). Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Mass.) 2004, {{ISBN|0-674-99385-3}}, p. 37-41.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Name sources ==
The possibly only known contemporary inscription from Senedj's reign was found in 1909 by Egyptologist Uvo Hölscher, who assisted the excavations at the [[Khephren]]- and [[Menkaura]] temple at [[Giza]]. Hölscher found a small, thin-walled and polished [[diorite]] shard, which once belonged to a flat bowl. At the left breakline an incised inscription gives the reading: &quot;The king of Upper- and Lower Egypt, Senedj&quot;. The inscription goes from the right to the left and exceeds the breakline, but the king's name remains reconstructable. The precious artifact was published in 1912.&lt;ref&gt;Uvo Hölscher, Georg Steindorff: ''Das Grabdenkmal des Königs Chephren'' (= ''Veröffentlichungen der Ernst von Sieglin Expedition in Ägypten'', 1st Volume). Hinrischs'sche Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1912. page 106ff.&lt;/ref&gt; It was also examined by [[George Andrew Reisner]], who mentioned it shortly in his book ''Mycerinus, the Temples of the Third Pyramid at Giza''.&lt;ref&gt;George Andrew Reisner: ''Mycerinus, the Temples of the Third Pyramid at Giza''. Harvard University Press, Boston 1931, page 105.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Wilkinson 2002 p. &quot;&gt;{{cite book | last=Wilkinson | first=T.A.H. | title=Early Dynastic Egypt | publisher=Taylor &amp; Francis | year=2002 | isbn=978-1-134-66420-7 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lGGFAgAAQBAJ | access-date=2024-01-19 | page=74-75}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Scheri1.png|left|thumb|Inscription on a false door from the tomb of the high priest Shery at Saqqara, mentioning Senedj.]]
The next source referring to king Senedj dates back to the beginning or middle of the 4th Dynasty. The name, written in a [[cartouche]], appears in the inscription on a [[false door]] belonging to the [[mastaba]] [[tomb]] of the high [[priest]] [[Shery (Egypt)|Shery]] at [[Saqqara]]. Shery held the title “overseer of all wab-priests of king [[Seth-Peribsen|Peribsen]] in the [[necropolis]] of king Senedj”, “overseer of the ka-priests of king Senedj” and “god's servant of Senedj”. Senedj's name is written in [[Early Dynastic Period of Egypt|archaic]] form and set in a cartouche, which is an [[anachronism]], since the cartouche itself was not used until the end of [[Third Dynasty of Egypt|3rd Dynasty]] under king [[Huni]].&lt;ref&gt;Auguste Mariette: ''Les mastabas de l’Ancien Empire''. Paris 1885, page 92–94&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Werner Kaiser: ''Zur Nennung von Sened und Peribsen in Sakkara'', In: ''Göttinger Miszellen'', no. 122, (1991), page 49–55.&lt;/ref&gt; Egyptologist [[Dietrich Wildung]] points to two further priests and possible relatives of Shery, who both also participated the funerary cult of Senedj, ''Inkef'' and ''Siy''.&lt;ref&gt;Dietrich Wildung: Die Rolle ägyptischer Könige im Bewußtsein ihrer Nachwelt (= Münchener Ägyptologische Studien. Bd. 17). [[Deutscher Kunstverlag]], München/ Berlin 1969, p. 44-47.&lt;/ref&gt;

Senedj is also mentioned in [[Papyrus Berlin 3038]], which contains medical prescriptions and therapies for numerous diseases. One of these gives instructions for treating foot [[cramp]]s, and closes with the claim that the recipe for the ointment originates from a &quot;book of vessels&quot;. This book is claimed to originate from the time of king Usáphais (identical with king Horus [[Den (pharaoh)|Den]] of [[First Dynasty of Egypt|Dynasty I]]). King Senedj allegedly received the book as an inheritance gift.&lt;ref&gt;Wolfhart Westendorf: ''Erwachen der Heilkunst: die Medizin im alten Ägypten''. Artemis &amp; Winkler, 1992, {{ISBN|3760810721}}, p. 48.&lt;/ref&gt;

The latest mention of Senedj's name appears on a small [[bronze]] statuette in the shape of a kneeling king wearing the White Crown of [[Upper Egypt]] and holding incense burners in its hands. Additionally, the figurine wears a belt which has Senedj's name carved at the back.&lt;ref&gt;Wolfgang Helck: ''Untersuchungen zur Thinitenzeit''. (Ägyptologische Abhandlungen, Volume 45), Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1987, {{ISBN|3-447-02677-4}}, page 103-106&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=DWD&gt;Dietrich Wildung: ''Die Rolle ägyptischer Könige im Bewusstsein ihrer Nachwelt''. Part I (Münchener Ägytologische Studien 17). Deutscher Kunstverlag, München/Berlin 1969, page 45&lt;/ref&gt;

Egyptologist [[Peter Munro (Egyptologist)|Peter Munro]] has written a report about the existence of a mud seal inscription showing the cartouche name ''Nefer-senedj-Ra'', which he thinks to be a version of “Senedj”.&lt;ref&gt;Peter Munro: ''Nefer-Senedj-Ra'', In: ''Orientalia''; Band 57 (1988); page 330.&lt;/ref&gt; But since the finding was never photographed nor drawn and the alleged object meanwhile got lost, Munro's claim is highly questioned by many scholars.&lt;ref name=DWD/&gt;

== Identity ==
The [[horus name]] of Senedj remains unknown. The false door inscription of Shery might indicate that Senedj is identical with king Seth-Peribsen and that the name &quot;Senedj&quot; was brought into the kinglists, because a seth-name was not allowed to be mentioned.&lt;ref&gt;Kenneth Anderson Kitchen: ''Ramesside Inscriptions''. page 234–235&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Jürgen von Beckerath: ''Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen.''. Deutscher Kunstverlag, München/Berlin 1984, {{ISBN|3-422-00832-2}}, page 171.&lt;/ref&gt; It may have been done by taking the name &quot;Peribsen&quot; (He who comes forth by their will), removing the syllables for &quot;per&quot; and &quot;ib&quot;, and adding the &quot;edj&quot; syllable in the end to get &quot;Senedj&quot; (The frightful one).

Other Egyptologists, such as Wolfgang Helck and Dietrich Wildung, are not so sure and believe that Senedj and Peribsen were different rulers. They point out that the false door inscription has the names of both strictly separated from each other. Additionally, Wildung thinks that Senedj [[donation|donated]] an offering [[chapel]] to Peribsen in his necropolis.&lt;ref&gt;Wolfgang Helck: ''Untersuchungen zur Thinitenzeit''. page 105-106.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Dietrich Wildung: ''Die Rolle ägyptischer Könige im Bewusstsein ihrer Nachwelt''. page 45.&lt;/ref&gt; This theory in turn is questioned by Helck and [[:de:Hermann A. Schlögl | Hermann A. Schlögl]], who point to the clay seals of king [[Sekhemib-Perenmaat|Sekhemib]] found in the entrance area of Peribsen's tomb, which might prove that Sekhemib buried Peribsen, not Senedj.&lt;ref&gt;Hermann Alexander Schlögl: ''Das Alte Ägypten''. page 77-78 &amp; 415.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tomb ==
It is unknown where Senedj was buried. If he was actually the same person as Peribsen, he was buried in '''''tomb P''''' at Abydos.

Other Egyptologists, such as [[Toby Wilkinson]] assumed that Senedj might have been buried at Saqqara. To support this view, Wilkinson makes the observation that mortuary priests in earlier times were never buried too far away from the king for whom they had practised the mortuary cult. Wilkinson thinks that one of the Great Southern Galleries within the [[Pyramid of Djoser|Necropolis of King]] [[Djoser]] ([[Third Dynasty of Egypt|3rd Dynasty]]) was originally Senedj's tomb.&lt;ref&gt;Toby Wilkinson: ''Early Dynastic Egypt''. Routledge, London/New York 1999, {{ISBN|0-415-18633-1}}, page 88 - 89.&lt;/ref&gt;

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.francescoraffaele.com/egypt/hesyra/sened.htm Sened/Senedj]

{{S-start}}
{{S-bef | before=[[Wadjenes]] }}
{{S-ttl | title=[[Pharaoh|Pharaoh of Egypt]]}}
{{S-aft | after=[[Seth-Peribsen]]}}
{{end}}
{{Second Dynasty of Ancient Egypt}}
{{Pharaohs}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:28th-century BC pharaohs]]
[[Category:Pharaohs of the Second Dynasty of Egypt]]</text>
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      <text bytes="8933" sha1="cgbfuh64sczyipbwfvie0rh5u83c85v" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|ඊජිප්තු පාරාවෝ}}
{{Infobox pharaoh
| name = සෙනෙඩ්ජ්
| alt_name = සෙනෙඩ්, සෙන්ඩ්ජ්, සෙතෙනෙස්
| image = Abydos KL 02-05 n13.jpg
| caption = ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලියේ ඇති සෙනෙඩ්ජ් කාර්ටුෂ් නාමය (කාර්ටුෂ් අංක 13)
| reign =ක්‍රි.පූ. 2773–2753 හෝ පසුව
| dynasty = [[ඊජිප්තුවේ දෙවන රාජවංශය|2වන රාජවංශය]]
| predecessor = [[වැඩ්ජෙනෙස්]] හෝ [[වෙනෙග් (පාරාවෝ)|වෙනෙග්]]
| successor = අවිනිශ්චිත ය; [[සෙඛෙමිබ්]], [[පෙරිබ්සෙන්]], [[පළමුවන නෙෆර්කාරා|නෙෆර්කාරා I]]
| prenomen = '''ගීසාවේ ශිලා පාත්‍රයක'''&lt;br/&gt;ඉහළ සහ පහළ ඊජිප්තුවේ රජ, සෙනෙඩ්&lt;br/&gt;nsw.t-btj snd&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;M23:X1-L2:X1-s-n:d&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''ශෙරී සොහොන්ගැබ (4වන රාජවංශය), සකාරා'''&lt;br/&gt;Sened&lt;br/&gt;''Snd''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-s-n:d-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br/&gt;''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-s-n:d-i-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[සකාරා රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br /&gt; ''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-G54-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;'''[[ටියුරින් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br/&gt;''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-G54-HASH-&gt;-HASH&lt;/hiero&gt;
| father = [[වැඩ්ජෙනෙස්]] ?
}}

'''සෙනෙඩ්ජ්''' (also known as '''Sened''' and '''Sethenes''') was an [[Early Dynastic Period of Egypt|early Egyptian]] king ([[pharaoh]]), who may have ruled during the [[Second Dynasty of Egypt|2nd Dynasty]]. His historical standing remains uncertain. His name is included in the kinglists of the [[Ramesses II|Ramesside era]], although it is written in different ways: While the [[Abydos King List]] imitates the archaic form, the [[Turin King List|Royal Canon of Turin]] and the [[Saqqara King List]] form the name with the [[hieroglyphs|hieroglyphic]] sign of a plucked [[goose]].

It is unknown how long Senedj ruled over Egypt. The Royal Canon of Turin credits him with a lifespan of 54 years,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lundström |first=Peter |title=Turin King List: column 3 |url=https://pharaoh.se/ancient-egypt/kinglist/turin/column-3/ |access-date=2025-10-20 |website=Pharaoh.se |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; the ancient Egyptian historian [[Manetho]] states that ''Séthenes'' (as he calls Senedj) ruled for 41 years.&lt;ref&gt;William Gillian Waddell: ''Manetho'' (= ''The Loeb Classical Library'', Vol. 350). Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Mass.) 2004, {{ISBN|0-674-99385-3}}, p. 37-41.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Name sources ==
The possibly only known contemporary inscription from Senedj's reign was found in 1909 by Egyptologist Uvo Hölscher, who assisted the excavations at the [[Khephren]]- and [[Menkaura]] temple at [[Giza]]. Hölscher found a small, thin-walled and polished [[diorite]] shard, which once belonged to a flat bowl. At the left breakline an incised inscription gives the reading: &quot;The king of Upper- and Lower Egypt, Senedj&quot;. The inscription goes from the right to the left and exceeds the breakline, but the king's name remains reconstructable. The precious artifact was published in 1912.&lt;ref&gt;Uvo Hölscher, Georg Steindorff: ''Das Grabdenkmal des Königs Chephren'' (= ''Veröffentlichungen der Ernst von Sieglin Expedition in Ägypten'', 1st Volume). Hinrischs'sche Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1912. page 106ff.&lt;/ref&gt; It was also examined by [[George Andrew Reisner]], who mentioned it shortly in his book ''Mycerinus, the Temples of the Third Pyramid at Giza''.&lt;ref&gt;George Andrew Reisner: ''Mycerinus, the Temples of the Third Pyramid at Giza''. Harvard University Press, Boston 1931, page 105.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Wilkinson 2002 p. &quot;&gt;{{cite book | last=Wilkinson | first=T.A.H. | title=Early Dynastic Egypt | publisher=Taylor &amp; Francis | year=2002 | isbn=978-1-134-66420-7 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lGGFAgAAQBAJ | access-date=2024-01-19 | page=74-75}}&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:Scheri1.png|left|thumb|Inscription on a false door from the tomb of the high priest Shery at Saqqara, mentioning Senedj.]]
The next source referring to king Senedj dates back to the beginning or middle of the 4th Dynasty. The name, written in a [[cartouche]], appears in the inscription on a [[false door]] belonging to the [[mastaba]] [[tomb]] of the high [[priest]] [[Shery (Egypt)|Shery]] at [[Saqqara]]. Shery held the title “overseer of all wab-priests of king [[Seth-Peribsen|Peribsen]] in the [[necropolis]] of king Senedj”, “overseer of the ka-priests of king Senedj” and “god's servant of Senedj”. Senedj's name is written in [[Early Dynastic Period of Egypt|archaic]] form and set in a cartouche, which is an [[anachronism]], since the cartouche itself was not used until the end of [[Third Dynasty of Egypt|3rd Dynasty]] under king [[Huni]].&lt;ref&gt;Auguste Mariette: ''Les mastabas de l’Ancien Empire''. Paris 1885, page 92–94&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Werner Kaiser: ''Zur Nennung von Sened und Peribsen in Sakkara'', In: ''Göttinger Miszellen'', no. 122, (1991), page 49–55.&lt;/ref&gt; Egyptologist [[Dietrich Wildung]] points to two further priests and possible relatives of Shery, who both also participated the funerary cult of Senedj, ''Inkef'' and ''Siy''.&lt;ref&gt;Dietrich Wildung: Die Rolle ägyptischer Könige im Bewußtsein ihrer Nachwelt (= Münchener Ägyptologische Studien. Bd. 17). [[Deutscher Kunstverlag]], München/ Berlin 1969, p. 44-47.&lt;/ref&gt;

Senedj is also mentioned in [[Papyrus Berlin 3038]], which contains medical prescriptions and therapies for numerous diseases. One of these gives instructions for treating foot [[cramp]]s, and closes with the claim that the recipe for the ointment originates from a &quot;book of vessels&quot;. This book is claimed to originate from the time of king Usáphais (identical with king Horus [[Den (pharaoh)|Den]] of [[First Dynasty of Egypt|Dynasty I]]). King Senedj allegedly received the book as an inheritance gift.&lt;ref&gt;Wolfhart Westendorf: ''Erwachen der Heilkunst: die Medizin im alten Ägypten''. Artemis &amp; Winkler, 1992, {{ISBN|3760810721}}, p. 48.&lt;/ref&gt;

The latest mention of Senedj's name appears on a small [[bronze]] statuette in the shape of a kneeling king wearing the White Crown of [[Upper Egypt]] and holding incense burners in its hands. Additionally, the figurine wears a belt which has Senedj's name carved at the back.&lt;ref&gt;Wolfgang Helck: ''Untersuchungen zur Thinitenzeit''. (Ägyptologische Abhandlungen, Volume 45), Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1987, {{ISBN|3-447-02677-4}}, page 103-106&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=DWD&gt;Dietrich Wildung: ''Die Rolle ägyptischer Könige im Bewusstsein ihrer Nachwelt''. Part I (Münchener Ägytologische Studien 17). Deutscher Kunstverlag, München/Berlin 1969, page 45&lt;/ref&gt;

Egyptologist [[Peter Munro (Egyptologist)|Peter Munro]] has written a report about the existence of a mud seal inscription showing the cartouche name ''Nefer-senedj-Ra'', which he thinks to be a version of “Senedj”.&lt;ref&gt;Peter Munro: ''Nefer-Senedj-Ra'', In: ''Orientalia''; Band 57 (1988); page 330.&lt;/ref&gt; But since the finding was never photographed nor drawn and the alleged object meanwhile got lost, Munro's claim is highly questioned by many scholars.&lt;ref name=DWD/&gt;

== Tomb ==
It is unknown where Senedj was buried. If he was actually the same person as Peribsen, he was buried in '''''tomb P''''' at Abydos.

Other Egyptologists, such as [[Toby Wilkinson]] assumed that Senedj might have been buried at Saqqara. To support this view, Wilkinson makes the observation that mortuary priests in earlier times were never buried too far away from the king for whom they had practised the mortuary cult. Wilkinson thinks that one of the Great Southern Galleries within the [[Pyramid of Djoser|Necropolis of King]] [[Djoser]] ([[Third Dynasty of Egypt|3rd Dynasty]]) was originally Senedj's tomb.&lt;ref&gt;Toby Wilkinson: ''Early Dynastic Egypt''. Routledge, London/New York 1999, {{ISBN|0-415-18633-1}}, page 88 - 89.&lt;/ref&gt;

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.francescoraffaele.com/egypt/hesyra/sened.htm Sened/Senedj]

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      <text bytes="4290" sha1="7rb620b5y0fxphoiu9e7wx47qj6xtel" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|ඊජිප්තු පාරාවෝ}}
{{Infobox pharaoh
| name = සෙනෙඩ්ජ්
| alt_name = සෙනෙඩ්, සෙන්ඩ්ජ්, සෙතෙනෙස්
| image = Abydos KL 02-05 n13.jpg
| caption = ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලියේ ඇති සෙනෙඩ්ජ් කාර්ටුෂ් නාමය (කාර්ටුෂ් අංක 13)
| reign =ක්‍රි.පූ. 2773–2753 හෝ පසුව
| dynasty = [[ඊජිප්තුවේ දෙවන රාජවංශය|2වන රාජවංශය]]
| predecessor = [[වැඩ්ජෙනෙස්]] හෝ [[වෙනෙග් (පාරාවෝ)|වෙනෙග්]]
| successor = අවිනිශ්චිත ය; [[සෙඛෙමිබ්]], [[පෙරිබ්සෙන්]], [[පළමුවන නෙෆර්කාරා|නෙෆර්කාරා I]]
| prenomen = '''ගීසාවේ ශිලා පාත්‍රයක'''&lt;br/&gt;ඉහළ සහ පහළ ඊජිප්තුවේ රජ, සෙනෙඩ්&lt;br/&gt;nsw.t-btj snd&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;M23:X1-L2:X1-s-n:d&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''ශෙරී සොහොන්ගැබ (4වන රාජවංශය), සකාරා'''&lt;br/&gt;Sened&lt;br/&gt;''Snd''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-s-n:d-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br/&gt;''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-s-n:d-i-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[සකාරා රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br /&gt; ''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-G54-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;'''[[ටියුරින් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br/&gt;''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-G54-HASH-&gt;-HASH&lt;/hiero&gt;
| father = [[වැඩ්ජෙනෙස්]] ?
}}

'''සෙනෙඩ්ජ්''' (also known as '''Sened''' and '''Sethenes''') was an [[Early Dynastic Period of Egypt|early Egyptian]] king ([[pharaoh]]), who may have ruled during the [[Second Dynasty of Egypt|2nd Dynasty]]. His historical standing remains uncertain. His name is included in the kinglists of the [[Ramesses II|Ramesside era]], although it is written in different ways: While the [[Abydos King List]] imitates the archaic form, the [[Turin King List|Royal Canon of Turin]] and the [[Saqqara King List]] form the name with the [[hieroglyphs|hieroglyphic]] sign of a plucked [[goose]].

It is unknown how long Senedj ruled over Egypt. The Royal Canon of Turin credits him with a lifespan of 54 years,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lundström |first=Peter |title=Turin King List: column 3 |url=https://pharaoh.se/ancient-egypt/kinglist/turin/column-3/ |access-date=2025-10-20 |website=Pharaoh.se |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; the ancient Egyptian historian [[Manetho]] states that ''Séthenes'' (as he calls Senedj) ruled for 41 years.&lt;ref&gt;William Gillian Waddell: ''Manetho'' (= ''The Loeb Classical Library'', Vol. 350). Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Mass.) 2004, {{ISBN|0-674-99385-3}}, p. 37-41.&lt;/ref&gt;

== Tomb ==
It is unknown where Senedj was buried. If he was actually the same person as Peribsen, he was buried in '''''tomb P''''' at Abydos.

Other Egyptologists, such as [[Toby Wilkinson]] assumed that Senedj might have been buried at Saqqara. To support this view, Wilkinson makes the observation that mortuary priests in earlier times were never buried too far away from the king for whom they had practised the mortuary cult. Wilkinson thinks that one of the Great Southern Galleries within the [[Pyramid of Djoser|Necropolis of King]] [[Djoser]] ([[Third Dynasty of Egypt|3rd Dynasty]]) was originally Senedj's tomb.&lt;ref&gt;Toby Wilkinson: ''Early Dynastic Egypt''. Routledge, London/New York 1999, {{ISBN|0-415-18633-1}}, page 88 - 89.&lt;/ref&gt;

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.francescoraffaele.com/egypt/hesyra/sened.htm Sened/Senedj]

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[[Category:28th-century BC pharaohs]]
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{{Infobox pharaoh
| name = සෙනෙඩ්ජ්
| alt_name = සෙනෙඩ්, සෙන්ඩ්ජ්, සෙතෙනෙස්
| image = Abydos KL 02-05 n13.jpg
| caption = ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලියේ ඇති සෙනෙඩ්ජ් කාර්ටුෂ් නාමය (කාර්ටුෂ් අංක 13)
| reign =ක්‍රි.පූ. 2773–2753 හෝ පසුව
| dynasty = [[ඊජිප්තුවේ දෙවන රාජවංශය|2වන රාජවංශය]]
| predecessor = [[වැඩ්ජෙනෙස්]] හෝ [[වෙනෙග් (පාරාවෝ)|වෙනෙග්]]
| successor = අවිනිශ්චිත ය; [[සෙඛෙමිබ්]], [[පෙරිබ්සෙන්]], [[පළමුවන නෙෆර්කාරා|නෙෆර්කාරා I]]
| prenomen = '''ගීසාවේ ශිලා පාත්‍රයක'''&lt;br/&gt;ඉහළ සහ පහළ ඊජිප්තුවේ රජ, සෙනෙඩ්&lt;br/&gt;nsw.t-btj snd&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;M23:X1-L2:X1-s-n:d&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''ශෙරී සොහොන්ගැබ (4වන රාජවංශය), සකාරා'''&lt;br/&gt;Sened&lt;br/&gt;''Snd''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-s-n:d-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br/&gt;''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-s-n:d-i-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[සකාරා රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br /&gt; ''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-G54-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;'''[[ටියුරින් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br/&gt;''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-G54-HASH-&gt;-HASH&lt;/hiero&gt;
| father = [[වැඩ්ජෙනෙස්]] ?
}}

'''සෙනෙඩ්ජ්''' (also known as '''Sened''' and '''Sethenes''') was an [[Early Dynastic Period of Egypt|early Egyptian]] king ([[pharaoh]]), who may have ruled during the [[Second Dynasty of Egypt|2nd Dynasty]]. His historical standing remains uncertain. His name is included in the kinglists of the [[Ramesses II|Ramesside era]], although it is written in different ways: While the [[Abydos King List]] imitates the archaic form, the [[Turin King List|Royal Canon of Turin]] and the [[Saqqara King List]] form the name with the [[hieroglyphs|hieroglyphic]] sign of a plucked [[goose]].

It is unknown how long Senedj ruled over Egypt. The Royal Canon of Turin credits him with a lifespan of 54 years,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lundström |first=Peter |title=Turin King List: column 3 |url=https://pharaoh.se/ancient-egypt/kinglist/turin/column-3/ |access-date=2025-10-20 |website=Pharaoh.se |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; the ancient Egyptian historian [[Manetho]] states that ''Séthenes'' (as he calls Senedj) ruled for 41 years.&lt;ref&gt;William Gillian Waddell: ''Manetho'' (= ''The Loeb Classical Library'', Vol. 350). Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Mass.) 2004, {{ISBN|0-674-99385-3}}, p. 37-41.&lt;/ref&gt;

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.francescoraffaele.com/egypt/hesyra/sened.htm Sened/Senedj]

{{S-start}}
{{S-bef | before=[[Wadjenes]] }}
{{S-ttl | title=[[Pharaoh|Pharaoh of Egypt]]}}
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[[Category:28th-century BC pharaohs]]
[[Category:Pharaohs of the Second Dynasty of Egypt]]</text>
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      <text bytes="4208" sha1="h5v48tmpet77hestugxlaqrfamcd87f" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|ඊජිප්තු පාරාවෝ}}
{{Infobox pharaoh
| name = සෙනෙඩ්ජ්
| alt_name = සෙනෙඩ්, සෙන්ඩ්ජ්, සෙතෙනෙස්
| image = Abydos KL 02-05 n13.jpg
| caption = ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලියේ ඇති සෙනෙඩ්ජ් කාර්ටුෂ් නාමය (කාර්ටුෂ් අංක 13)
| reign =ක්‍රි.පූ. 2773–2753 හෝ පසුව
| dynasty = [[ඊජිප්තුවේ දෙවන රාජවංශය|2වන රාජවංශය]]
| predecessor = [[වැඩ්ජෙනෙස්]] හෝ [[වෙනෙග් (පාරාවෝ)|වෙනෙග්]]
| successor = අවිනිශ්චිත ය; [[සෙඛෙමිබ්]], [[පෙරිබ්සෙන්]], [[පළමුවන නෙෆර්කාරා|නෙෆර්කාරා I]]
| prenomen = '''ගීසාවේ ශිලා පාත්‍රයක'''&lt;br/&gt;ඉහළ සහ පහළ ඊජිප්තුවේ රජ, සෙනෙඩ්&lt;br/&gt;nsw.t-btj snd&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;M23:X1-L2:X1-s-n:d&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''ශෙරී සොහොන්ගැබ (4වන රාජවංශය), සකාරා'''&lt;br/&gt;Sened&lt;br/&gt;''Snd''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-s-n:d-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br/&gt;''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-s-n:d-i-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[සකාරා රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br /&gt; ''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-G54-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;'''[[ටියුරින් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br/&gt;''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-G54-HASH-&gt;-HASH&lt;/hiero&gt;
| father = [[වැඩ්ජෙනෙස්]] ?
}}

'''සෙනෙඩ්ජ්'''(හෙවත් '''සෙනෙඩ්''' සහ '''සෙතෙනෙස්''' ලෙස ද හැඳින්වේ) යනු [[ඊජිප්තුවේ දෙවන රාජවංශය|2වන රාජවංශ]] සමයේ රාජ්‍ය පාලනය කරන්නට ඇතැයි විශ්වාස කෙරෙන [[ඊජිප්තුවේ මුල්කාලීන රාජවංශික ‍යුගය|මුල්කාලීන ඊජිප්තු]] රජ ([[පාරාවෝ]]) කෙනෙකි. ඔහුගේ ඓතිහාසිකභාවය අවිනිශ්චිත ය. ඔහුගේ නාමය [[රැම්සෙස් II|රැම්සිස් රජ සමයට]] අයත් රාජාවලීන්ගේ අන්තර්ගත වේ. එය විවිධාකාරයෙන් සඳහන් කොට ඇත. [[ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලිය]] තුළ ආදි ස්වරූපයෙන් සඳහන් වුව ද, [[ටියුරින් රාජාවලිය]] සහ [[සකාරා රාජාවලිය]] තුළ ඔහුගේ නම [[රූපාක්ෂර]] sign of a plucked [[goose]].

It is unknown how long Senedj ruled over Egypt. The Royal Canon of Turin credits him with a lifespan of 54 years,&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lundström |first=Peter |title=Turin King List: column 3 |url=https://pharaoh.se/ancient-egypt/kinglist/turin/column-3/ |access-date=2025-10-20 |website=Pharaoh.se |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; the ancient Egyptian historian [[Manetho]] states that ''Séthenes'' (as he calls Senedj) ruled for 41 years.&lt;ref&gt;William Gillian Waddell: ''Manetho'' (= ''The Loeb Classical Library'', Vol. 350). Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Mass.) 2004, {{ISBN|0-674-99385-3}}, p. 37-41.&lt;/ref&gt;

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.francescoraffaele.com/egypt/hesyra/sened.htm Sened/Senedj]

{{S-start}}
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{{S-ttl | title=[[Pharaoh|Pharaoh of Egypt]]}}
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{{Second Dynasty of Ancient Egypt}}
{{Pharaohs}}
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[[Category:28th-century BC pharaohs]]
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{{Infobox pharaoh
| name = සෙනෙඩ්ජ්
| alt_name = සෙනෙඩ්, සෙන්ඩ්ජ්, සෙතෙනෙස්
| image = Abydos KL 02-05 n13.jpg
| caption = ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලියේ ඇති සෙනෙඩ්ජ් කාර්ටුෂ් නාමය (කාර්ටුෂ් අංක 13)
| reign =ක්‍රි.පූ. 2773–2753 හෝ පසුව
| dynasty = [[ඊජිප්තුවේ දෙවන රාජවංශය|2වන රාජවංශය]]
| predecessor = [[වැඩ්ජෙනෙස්]] හෝ [[වෙනෙග් (පාරාවෝ)|වෙනෙග්]]
| successor = අවිනිශ්චිත ය; [[සෙඛෙමිබ්]], [[පෙරිබ්සෙන්]], [[පළමුවන නෙෆර්කාරා|නෙෆර්කාරා I]]
| prenomen = '''ගීසාවේ ශිලා පාත්‍රයක'''&lt;br/&gt;ඉහළ සහ පහළ ඊජිප්තුවේ රජ, සෙනෙඩ්&lt;br/&gt;nsw.t-btj snd&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;M23:X1-L2:X1-s-n:d&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''ශෙරී සොහොන්ගැබ (4වන රාජවංශය), සකාරා'''&lt;br/&gt;Sened&lt;br/&gt;''Snd''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-s-n:d-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br/&gt;''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-s-n:d-i-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[සකාරා රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br /&gt; ''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-G54-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;'''[[ටියුරින් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br/&gt;''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-G54-HASH-&gt;-HASH&lt;/hiero&gt;
| father = [[වැඩ්ජෙනෙස්]] ?
}}

'''සෙනෙඩ්ජ්'''(හෙවත් '''සෙනෙඩ්''' සහ '''සෙතෙනෙස්''' ලෙස ද හැඳින්වේ) යනු [[ඊජිප්තුවේ දෙවන රාජවංශය|2වන රාජවංශ]] සමයේ රාජ්‍ය පාලනය කරන්නට ඇතැයි විශ්වාස කෙරෙන [[ඊජිප්තුවේ මුල්කාලීන රාජවංශික ‍යුගය|මුල්කාලීන ඊජිප්තු]] රජ ([[පාරාවෝ]]) කෙනෙකි. ඔහුගේ ඓතිහාසිකභාවය අවිනිශ්චිත ය. ඔහුගේ නාමය [[රැම්සෙස් II|රැම්සිස් රජ සමයට]] අයත් රාජාවලීන්ගේ අන්තර්ගත වේ. එම නාමය විවිධාකාරයෙන් ලියා ඇත. [[ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලිය]] තුළ ආදි ස්වරූපයෙන් සඳහන් වුව ද, [[ටියුරින් රාජාවලිය]] සහ [[සකාරා රාජාවලිය]] තුළ ඔහුගේ නම පිහාටු ගැලවූ [[පාත්තයා|පාත්තයකු]]ගේ [[රූපාක්ෂර]]යක් සමග සඳහන් කොට ඇත.

සෙනෙඩ්ජ් ඊජිප්තුව කොපමණ කාලයක් පාලනය කළේ ද යන්න නොදනී. ටියුරින් රාජාවලියේ ඔහුගේ ජීවිත කාලය වර්ෂ 54ක් ලෙස&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lundström |first=Peter |title=Turin King List: column 3 |url=https://pharaoh.se/ancient-egypt/kinglist/turin/column-3/ |access-date=2025-10-20 |website=Pharaoh.se |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; සඳහන් කොට ඇති අතර, පුරාතන ඊජිප්තු ඉතිහාසඥයකු වන [[මැනතෝ]] සඳහන් කරන්නේ ''සෙතෙනෙස්'' (සෙනෙඩ්ජ් සඳහා ඔහු භාවිතා කරන නාමය) නම් පාරාවෝ වර්ෂ 41ක් රාජ්‍ය පාලනය කළ බවයි.&lt;ref&gt;William Gillian Waddell: ''Manetho'' (= ''The Loeb Classical Library'', Vol. 350). Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Mass.) 2004, {{ISBN|0-674-99385-3}}, p. 37-41.&lt;/ref&gt;

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.francescoraffaele.com/egypt/hesyra/sened.htm Sened/Senedj]

{{S-start}}
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{{S-ttl | title=[[Pharaoh|Pharaoh of Egypt]]}}
{{S-aft | after=[[Seth-Peribsen]]}}
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{{Second Dynasty of Ancient Egypt}}
{{Pharaohs}}
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[[Category:28th-century BC pharaohs]]
[[Category:Pharaohs of the Second Dynasty of Egypt]]</text>
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{{Infobox pharaoh
| name = සෙනෙඩ්ජ්
| alt_name = සෙනෙඩ්, සෙන්ඩ්ජ්, සෙතෙනෙස්
| image = Abydos KL 02-05 n13.jpg
| caption = ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලියේ ඇති සෙනෙඩ්ජ් කාර්ටුෂ් නාමය (කාර්ටුෂ් අංක 13)
| reign =ක්‍රි.පූ. 2773–2753 හෝ පසුව
| dynasty = [[ඊජිප්තුවේ දෙවන රාජවංශය|2වන රාජවංශය]]
| predecessor = [[වැඩ්ජෙනෙස්]] හෝ [[වෙනෙග් (පාරාවෝ)|වෙනෙග්]]
| successor = අවිනිශ්චිත ය; [[සෙඛෙමිබ්]], [[පෙරිබ්සෙන්]], [[පළමුවන නෙෆර්කාරා|නෙෆර්කාරා I]]
| prenomen = '''ගීසාවේ ශිලා පාත්‍රයක'''&lt;br/&gt;ඉහළ සහ පහළ ඊජිප්තුවේ රජ, සෙනෙඩ්&lt;br/&gt;nsw.t-btj snd&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;M23:X1-L2:X1-s-n:d&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''ශෙරී සොහොන්ගැබ (4වන රාජවංශය), සකාරා'''&lt;br/&gt;Sened&lt;br/&gt;''Snd''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-s-n:d-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br/&gt;''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-s-n:d-i-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[සකාරා රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br /&gt; ''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-G54-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;'''[[ටියුරින් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br/&gt;''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-G54-HASH-&gt;-HASH&lt;/hiero&gt;
| father = [[වැඩ්ජෙනෙස්]] ?
}}

'''සෙනෙඩ්ජ්'''(හෙවත් '''සෙනෙඩ්''' සහ '''සෙතෙනෙස්''' ලෙස ද හැඳින්වේ) යනු [[ඊජිප්තුවේ දෙවන රාජවංශය|2වන රාජවංශ]] සමයේ රාජ්‍ය පාලනය කරන්නට ඇතැයි විශ්වාස කෙරෙන [[ඊජිප්තුවේ මුල්කාලීන රාජවංශික ‍යුගය|මුල්කාලීන ඊජිප්තු]] රජ ([[පාරාවෝ]]) කෙනෙකි. ඔහුගේ ඓතිහාසිකභාවය අවිනිශ්චිත ය. ඔහුගේ නාමය [[රැම්සෙස් II|රැම්සිස් රජ සමයට]] අයත් රාජාවලීන්ගේ අන්තර්ගත වේ. එම නාමය විවිධාකාරයෙන් ලියා ඇත. [[ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලිය]] තුළ ආදි ස්වරූපයෙන් සඳහන් වුව ද, [[ටියුරින් රාජාවලිය]] සහ [[සකාරා රාජාවලිය]] තුළ ඔහුගේ නම පිහාටු ගැලවූ [[පාත්තයා|පාත්තයකු]]ගේ [[රූපාක්ෂර]]යක් සමග සඳහන් කොට ඇත.

සෙනෙඩ්ජ් ඊජිප්තුව කොපමණ කාලයක් පාලනය කළේ ද යන්න නොදනී. ටියුරින් රාජාවලියේ ඔහුගේ ජීවිත කාලය වර්ෂ 54ක් ලෙස&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lundström |first=Peter |title=Turin King List: column 3 |url=https://pharaoh.se/ancient-egypt/kinglist/turin/column-3/ |access-date=2025-10-20 |website=Pharaoh.se |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; සඳහන් කොට ඇති අතර, පුරාතන ඊජිප්තු ඉතිහාසඥයකු වන [[මැනතෝ]] සඳහන් කරන්නේ ''සෙතෙනෙස්'' (සෙනෙඩ්ජ් සඳහා ඔහු භාවිතා කරන නාමය) නම් පාරාවෝ වර්ෂ 41ක් රාජ්‍ය පාලනය කළ බවයි.&lt;ref&gt;William Gillian Waddell: ''Manetho'' (= ''The Loeb Classical Library'', Vol. 350). Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Mass.) 2004, {{ISBN|0-674-99385-3}}, p. 37-41.&lt;/ref&gt;

==ආශ්‍රේයයන්==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.francescoraffaele.com/egypt/hesyra/sened.htm Sened/Senedj]

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{{Second Dynasty of Ancient Egypt}}
{{Pharaohs}}
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[[Category:28th-century BC pharaohs]]
[[Category:Pharaohs of the Second Dynasty of Egypt]]</text>
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      <text bytes="5023" sha1="an968titosekqxvi5a4g2tpv9lr4vc1" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|ඊජිප්තු පාරාවෝ}}
{{Infobox pharaoh
| name = සෙනෙඩ්ජ්
| alt_name = සෙනෙඩ්, සෙන්ඩ්ජ්, සෙතෙනෙස්
| image = Abydos KL 02-05 n13.jpg
| caption = ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලියේ ඇති සෙනෙඩ්ජ් කාර්ටුෂ් නාමය (කාර්ටුෂ් අංක 13)
| reign =ක්‍රි.පූ. 2773–2753 හෝ පසුව
| dynasty = [[ඊජිප්තුවේ දෙවන රාජවංශය|2වන රාජවංශය]]
| predecessor = [[වැඩ්ජෙනෙස්]] හෝ [[වෙනෙග් (පාරාවෝ)|වෙනෙග්]]
| successor = අවිනිශ්චිත ය; [[සෙඛෙමිබ්]], [[පෙරිබ්සෙන්]], [[පළමුවන නෙෆර්කාරා|නෙෆර්කාරා I]]
| prenomen = '''ගීසාවේ ශිලා පාත්‍රයක'''&lt;br/&gt;ඉහළ සහ පහළ ඊජිප්තුවේ රජ, සෙනෙඩ්&lt;br/&gt;nsw.t-btj snd&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;M23:X1-L2:X1-s-n:d&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''ශෙරී සොහොන්ගැබ (4වන රාජවංශය), සකාරා'''&lt;br/&gt;Sened&lt;br/&gt;''Snd''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-s-n:d-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br/&gt;''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br/&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-s-n:d-i-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt;'''[[සකාරා රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br /&gt; ''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-G54-&gt;&lt;/hiero&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;'''[[ටියුරින් රාජාවලිය]]'''&lt;br/&gt;Senedj&lt;br/&gt;''Snd.j''&lt;br/&gt;''බියජනක පුද්ගලයා''&lt;br /&gt;&lt;hiero&gt;&lt;-G54-HASH-&gt;-HASH&lt;/hiero&gt;
| father = [[වැඩ්ජෙනෙස්]] ?
}}

'''සෙනෙඩ්ජ්'''(හෙවත් '''සෙනෙඩ්''' සහ '''සෙතෙනෙස්''' ලෙස ද හැඳින්වේ) යනු [[ඊජිප්තුවේ දෙවන රාජවංශය|2වන රාජවංශ]] සමයේ රාජ්‍ය පාලනය කරන්නට ඇතැයි විශ්වාස කෙරෙන [[ඊජිප්තුවේ මුල්කාලීන රාජවංශික ‍යුගය|මුල්කාලීන ඊජිප්තු]] රජ ([[පාරාවෝ]]) කෙනෙකි. ඔහුගේ ඓතිහාසිකභාවය අවිනිශ්චිත ය. ඔහුගේ නාමය [[රැම්සෙස් II|රැම්සිස් රජ සමයට]] අයත් රාජාවලීන්ගේ අන්තර්ගත වේ. එම නාමය විවිධාකාරයෙන් ලියා ඇත. [[ඇබයිඩොස් රාජාවලිය]] තුළ ආදි ස්වරූපයෙන් සඳහන් වුව ද, [[ටියුරින් රාජාවලිය]] සහ [[සකාරා රාජාවලිය]] තුළ ඔහුගේ නම පිහාටු ගැලවූ [[පාත්තයා|පාත්තයකු]]ගේ [[රූපාක්ෂර]]යක් සමග සඳහන් කොට ඇත.

සෙනෙඩ්ජ් ඊජිප්තුව කොපමණ කාලයක් පාලනය කළේ ද යන්න නොදනී. ටියුරින් රාජාවලියේ ඔහුගේ ජීවිත කාලය වර්ෂ 54ක් ලෙස&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |last=Lundström |first=Peter |title=Turin King List: column 3 |url=https://pharaoh.se/ancient-egypt/kinglist/turin/column-3/ |access-date=2025-10-20 |website=Pharaoh.se |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; සඳහන් කොට ඇති අතර, පුරාතන ඊජිප්තු ඉතිහාසඥයකු වන [[මැනතෝ]] සඳහන් කරන්නේ ''සෙතෙනෙස්'' (සෙනෙඩ්ජ් සඳහා ඔහු භාවිතා කරන නාමය) නම් පාරාවෝ වර්ෂ 41ක් රාජ්‍ය පාලනය කළ බවයි.&lt;ref&gt;William Gillian Waddell: ''Manetho'' (= ''The Loeb Classical Library'', Vol. 350). Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Mass.) 2004, {{ISBN|0-674-99385-3}}, p. 37-41.&lt;/ref&gt;

==ආශ්‍රේයයන්==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==බාහිර සබැඳි==
* [http://www.francescoraffaele.com/egypt/hesyra/sened.htm Sened/Senedj]

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{{Second Dynasty of Ancient Egypt}}
{{Pharaohs}}
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[[Category:ක්‍රි.පූ. 28වන සියවසේ පාරාවෝවරු]]
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