Wikisource:Scriptorium

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== Tech News: 2026-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* As part of the current work of Community Tech team on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W372|Multiple watchlists]] project, the display of [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]] will be updated as a first step towards multiple watchlists. Additionally, the pagination on [[Special:Search|Search]] will be updated too, as a part of the work on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W186|Revamp pagination / page navigation]] wish. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411596]
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] is a MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that lets you see your watchlists from different wikis on the same page. It was recently updated to look more like the regular [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]], such as preparing it for temporary accounts in IP masking (including rerouting user links to contributions pages), making page titles bold, and opening links in edit summaries and tags in new browser tabs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398361][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298919][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273526][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286309]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where global blocks did not have the option to disable sending emails, has now been fixed, and will be available for use in the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401293]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Citation tool|VisualEditor citation tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] now support &quot;map&quot; as a reference type. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411083]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]/[[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.11|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:33, 12 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 ==

Dear Wikimedia communities,

We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year.

''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.''

In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects.

We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community.

📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]]

If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs:  
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]]
* [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]]

''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]'''''

''Stay connected and receive updates:''  
* [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel]  
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list]

We look forward to collaborating with you and your community.


'''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The tray shown on [[Special:Diff|Special:Diff]] in mobile view has been redesigned. It is now collapsed by default, and incorporates a link to undo the edit being viewed, making it easier for mobile editors and reviewers to take action while keeping the interface uncluttered. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402297] 
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now automatically determines the text direction (ensuring correct display of sites with unusual domain names) and shows detailed descriptions for log actions. Later this week, a new permanent link for page creations and CSS classes for each entry element will be added. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T412505][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287929][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262768][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414135]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the previously observed issue in Vector 2022, where anchor link targets were obscured by the sticky header, has now been addressed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406114]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* As mentioned in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|October 2025 deprecation announcement]], MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin sunsetting all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the MediaWiki REST API the week of January 26. Changes are expected to roll out to all wikis on or before January 30th. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found, compared, and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox]. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in Phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* Interactive reference documentation for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia REST API|Wikimedia REST API]] has moved. Requests to API docs previously hosted through [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase|RESTBase]] (e.g.: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/&lt;/code&gt;) are now redirected to the [[w:en:Special:RestSandbox|REST Sandbox]].
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] (WDP) has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|January 2026 newsletter]]. It includes updates on the legacy full-graph endpoint decommissioning, the User-Agent policy change, the monthly Blazegraph migration office hours, and efforts to reduce regressions caused by the legacy endpoint shutdown. As a reminder, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|subscribe to the WDP newsletter]]!
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.12|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications opened mid-December and will close soon or when capacity is reached. It's a two-day, technically oriented hackathon bringing together Wikimedians from the region. Hope to see you there!

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:29, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

21:02, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Support for Bodo Wikisource (Ws/brx) on Wikimedia Incubator ==

Hello,

I am working on setting up Bodo Wikisource (language code: brx) on Wikimedia Incubator.
I would like guidance on ProofreadPage, Index creation, and language approval process.

Bodo is an officially recognized language of India and is written in Devanagari script.

Thank you. [[User:Bkbrahma1|Bkbrahma1]] ([[User talk:Bkbrahma1|talk]]) 07:37, 21 January 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia Foundation invites comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Year1 Reflections and Proposed Way Forward 2026 Update|proposed future]] of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] until 28 February.
* All users with registered accounts can now use passkeys for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). Passkeys are a simple way to log in without using a second device. They verify the user's identity using a fingerprint, face scan, or a PIN code. To set up a passkey, first set up a regular 2FA method. Currently, to log in with a passkey, users must also use a password. Later this quarter, passwordless login will allow users to log in with a single click and a passkey. Users with advanced rights will also be required to have 2FA enabled. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project.
* Unregistered contributors on blocked IPs or blocked IP ranges can now interact on-wiki to appeal a block by creating a temporary account to appeal a block on the user talk page, unless the &quot;prevent this user from editing their own talk page&quot; is enabled. This solves the problem of logged-out users unable to use the default unblock process via user talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398673]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) methods description on the management page has been updated. It is now clearer and easier for users to understand and make use of. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332385]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new AbuseFilter variable, &lt;code&gt;account_type&lt;/code&gt;, has been added to provide a reliable way to determine the account type being created in the &lt;code&gt;createaccount&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;autocreateaccount&lt;/code&gt; actions. As part of this change, the variable &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; has been renamed to &lt;code&gt;account_name&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; is now deprecated. Edit filter managers should update any filters that use hardcoded account type checks or the deprecated variable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414049]
* Image thumbnails that are requested in non-standard sizes, and using non-standard methods such as direct requests to &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;upload.wikimedia.org/…&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; will stop working in the near future. This change is to prevent ongoing external abuse by web-scrapers and bots. Some users with custom CSS/JS, Interface Admins who can fix gadgets and local skins, and Tool-authors, will need to update their code to use standard thumbnail sizes. [[phab:T414805|Details, search-links, and examples of how to fix them, are available in the task]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.13|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:17, 26 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The &quot;{{int:pageinfo-toolboxlink}}&quot; feature, which gives validating information about a page ([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=info}} example]), now automatically includes a table of contents. If there is a local [[{{ns:8}}:Pageinfo-header]] page created by individual users, it can now be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363726]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, VisualEditor previously added bold or italic formatting inside link descriptions, making the wikicode complex. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409669]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* There was no XML dump on 20 January. Additionally, from now on, dumps will be generated once per month only. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414389]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team removed support for all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:REST%20API MediaWiki REST API]. All API users currently calling those endpoints are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.14|MediaWiki]]

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Users are reminded that the Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:43, 2 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Page language ==

It is possible to change page language from default to Lingua Franca Nova (&lt;code&gt;lfn&lt;/code&gt; for [[Main Page/Lingua Franca Nova]], [[La Prea a Senior]] and [[Jura de Hipocrate]]? Thanks in advance. [[User:Evelino Ucelo|Evelino Ucelo]] ([[User talk:Evelino Ucelo|talk]]) 17:10, 5 February 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Logged-in contributors who manage large or complex watchlists can now organise and filter watched pages in ways that improve their workflows with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]] feature. By adding custom labels (for example: pages you created, pages being monitored for vandalism, or discussion pages) users can more quickly identify what needs attention, reduce cognitive load, and respond more efficiently. This improves watchlist usability, especially for highly active editors.
* A new feature available on [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] shows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] that are likely operated by the same person, and so makes patrolling less time-consuming. Upon checking contributions of a temporary account, users with access to temporary account IP addresses can now see a view of contributions from the related temporary accounts. The feature looks up all the IPs associated with a given temporary account within the data retention period and shows all the contributions of all temporary accounts that have used these IPs. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts#February 2026: Improvements to the patroller tooling|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415674] 
* When editors preview a wikitext edit, the reminder box that they are only seeing a preview (which is shown at the top), now has a grey/neutral background instead of a yellow/warning background. This makes it easier to distinguish preview notes from actual warnings (for example, edit conflicts or problematic redirect targets), which will now be shown in separate warning or error boxes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414742]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now properly supports more than one Wikibase site, for example both [[d:|Wikidata]] and [[testwikidata:|testwikidata]]. In addition, issues regarding text direction have been fixed for users who prefer Wikidata or other Wikibase sites in right-to-left (RTL) languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415440][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415458]
* The automatic &quot;magic links&quot; for ISBN, RFC, and PMID numbers have been [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic links|deprecated in wikitext since 2021]] due to inflexibility and difficulties with localization. Several wikis have successfully replaced RFC and PMID magic links with equivalent external links, but a template was often required to replace the functionality of the ISBN magic link. There is now a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#isbn|built-in parser function]] &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#isbn}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; available to replace the basic functionality of the ISBN magic link. This makes it easier for wikis who wish to migrate off of the deprecated magic link functionality to do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145604]
* Two new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35401|Jju]] ([[w:kaj:|&lt;code&gt;w:kaj:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413283]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q1186896|Nawat]] ([[w:ppl:|&lt;code&gt;w:ppl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413273]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. 

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new global user group has been created: [[{{int:grouppage-local-bot}}|{{int:group-local-bot}}]]. It will be used internally by the software to allow community bots to bypass rate limits that are applied to abusive [[w:en:Web scraping|web scrapers]]. Accounts that are approved as bots on at least one Wikimedia wiki will be automatically added to this group. It will not change what user permissions the bot has. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415588]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.15|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Spring 2026|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Spring 2026]] will be held March 25–27 in Salt Lake City, USA. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/AZBWVI46SDEB65PGR5J6E4TYOQQEZXM7/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:30, 9 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Best place to translate meta-works about the capture of knowledge? ==

There are some interesting freely licensed works about librarianship, archiving, and the like.  E.g. this recent paper on [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VMkNDcY1KBH1YV0QOVGs38o6eetUTddj/view Content Authenticity and Provenance ] -- which are often in just one language and not well indexed, but bear preserving and translating.  Is there a good WS project or collection for such things?  Does it make sense to have a language-neutral wikiproject for collecting this type of knowledge across the field? [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 18:52, 11 February 2026 (UTC)

:{{en|My initial thought is that it makes the most sense to transcribe the original text on [[:en:]] (or whatever the source language is) and then allow the other languages' projects to pursue their own translations in accordance with their own policies. Perhaps coordination could be done via a multilingual wikiproject, like [[Wiksource:WikiProject Translations]] or similar. I've just started looking around the multilingual wikisource myself so I'm not sure if we have any more infrastructure than the mere ''possibility ''of organizing such a thing. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 22:43, 2 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Team]] will be performing a cleanup of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Etherpad|Etherpad]] instance, the web-based editor for real-time collaborative document editing. All pads will be permanently deleted after 30 April, 2026 – if there are still migration projects in progress at that point the team can revisit the date on a case by case basis. Please create local backups of any content you wish to keep, as deleted data cannot be recovered. This cleanup helps reduce database size and minimize infrastructure footprint. Etherpad will continue to support real-time collaboration, but long-term storage should not be expected. Additional cleanups may occur in the future without prior notice. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415237]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Information Retrieval team will be launching an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Android mobile app experiment]] that tests hybrid search capabilities which can handle both semantic and keyword queries. The improvement of on-platform search will enable readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. The experiment will first be launched on Greek Wikipedia in late February, followed by English, French, and Portuguese in March. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/ Read more] on Diff blog. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Information_Retrieval]
* The Reader Growth team will run [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.10.2 Mobile Table of Contents|an experiment]] for mobile web users, that adds a table of contents and automatically expands all article sections, to learn more about navigation issues they face. The test will be available on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias.
* Previously, site notices ([[{{ns:8}}:Sitenotice]] and [[{{ns:8}}:Anonnotice]]) would only render on the desktop site. Now, they will render on all platforms. Users on mobile web will now see these notices and be informed. Site administrators should be prepared to test and fix notices on mobile devices to avoid interference with articles. To opt out, interface admins can add &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#siteNotice { display: none; }&lt;/code&gt; to [[{{ns:8}}:Minerva.css]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138572][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416644]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue on [[Special:RecentChanges|Special:RecentChanges]] has been fixed. Previously, clicking hide in the active filters caused the &quot;view new changes since…&quot; button to disappear, though it should have remained visible. The button now behaves as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406339]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* New documentation is now available to help editors debug on-site search features. It supports troubleshooting when pages do not appear in results, when ranking seems unexpected, and when you need to inspect what content is being indexed, helping make search behavior easier to understand and analyze. [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/Debug|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411169]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.16|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:17, 16 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]] has been deployed to English Wikipedia, completing its rollout across all Wikipedias. The feature prompts newcomers to add a citation before publishing new content, helping reduce common citation-related reverts and improve verifiability. In A/B testing, the impact was substantial: newcomers shown Reference Check were approximately 2.2 times more likely to include a reference on desktop and about 17.5 times more likely on mobile web. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/reference_check_ab_test_report_final_2025.html]
'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:InterwikiSorting|InterwikiSorting extension]], which allowed for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interwiki sorting order|sorting of interwiki links]], has been undeployed from Wikipedia. As a result, editors who had enabled interwiki link sorting in non-compact mode (full list format) will now see links reordered. The links moving forward will be listed in the alphabetical order of language code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253764]
* Later this week, people who are editing a page-section using the mobile visual editor, will notice a new &quot;Edit full page&quot; button. When tapped, you will be able to edit the entire article. This helps when the change you want to make is outside the section you initially opened. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409112]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|The Reader Experience team]] is inviting editors to assess whether dark mode should still be considered &quot;beta&quot; on their wiki, based on their experience of how well it functions on desktop and mobile. If the feature is deemed mature, editors can update the interface messages in &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:skin-theme-description&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Vector-night-mode-beta-tag&lt;/code&gt; to indicate that dark mode is ready and no longer considered beta.
* The improved [[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Activity_Tab|Activity tab]] which displays user-insights is now available to all users of the Wikipedia iOS app (version 7.9.0 and later). Following earlier A/B testing that showed higher account creation among users with access to the feature, it has been rolled out to 100% of users along with some updates. The Activity tab now shows your edited articles in the timeline, offers editing impact insights like contribution counts and article view trends, and customization options to improve in-app experience for users.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug that prevented [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] from working on mobile has now been fixed, restoring full functionality. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415303]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that makes this possible continues to improve. The latest upgrade is the inclusion of a [[mw:Extension:GlobalWatchlist#hook|new hook]], &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.globalwatchlist.rebuild&lt;/code&gt;, which fires after each watchlist rebuild. This allows you to run gadgets and user scripts for the Special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275159]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.17|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:03, 23 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikipedia 25 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|Birthday mode]] is now live on Betawi, Breton, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, Gorontalo, Indonesian, Italian, Luxembourgish, Madurese, Sicilian, Spanish, Thai, and Vietnamese Wikipedias! This limited-time campaign feature celebrates 25 years of Wikipedia with a birthday mascot, Baby Globe. When turned on, Baby Globe is shown on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments/article configuration|~2,500 articles]], waiting to be discovered by readers. Communities can choose to turn Birthday mode on by getting consensus from their community and asking an admin to enable the feature and customize it via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#Community Configuration Demo|community configuration]] on the local wiki.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to Swedish Wikipedia, Polish Wikipedia and [[:phab:T418209|a couple of other wikis]]. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|try the feature]] on these projects or on testwiki and [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing betawiki]. Learnings from the first pilot wiki German Wikipedia have been [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published in a report]]. Reach out to the Wikimedia Deutschland team if you are [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|interested in becoming a pilot wiki]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Paste check|Paste Check]] will become available at all Wikipedias this week. The feature prompts newcomers who are pasting text they are not likely to have written into VisualEditor to consider whether doing so risks a copyright violation. Paste Check [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|tags]] all edits where it is shown for potential review. Local administrators can configure various aspects of the feature via [[{{#special:EditChecks}}]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#A/B Experiment|Research]] across 22 wikis found that Paste Check resulted in an 18% decrease in relative reverted-edits compared to the control group. Translators can [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&amp;filter=&amp;optional=1&amp;action=translate help to localize] this and related features.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] will be standardizing the user menu in the top right for all mobile users so that it is closer to the desktop experience. Currently this user menu is only visible to users with Advanced Mobile Controls (AMC) turned on. The only change is that a couple buttons previously in the left-side menu will move to the top right for users who do not have AMC turned on. This change is expected to go out March 9 and seeks to improve the user interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413912]
* Starting in the week of March 2, the emails sent out when an email address was added, removed, or changed for an account will switch to a substantially nicer and clearer HTML email from the prior plaintext one. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410807]
* Notifications are currently limited to 2,000 historic entries per user, and extend back to 2013 when the feature was released. This is going to be changed to only store Notifications from the last 5 years, but up to 10,000 of them. This will help with long-term infrastructure health and help to prevent more recent notifications from disappearing too soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page continues to see improvements. The latest update improves label usage experience. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] now allows activating the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback languages|language fallback system]] for Wikidata items without labels in the viewed language, and showing those labels in the user’s preferred Wikidata language if no &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;uselang=&lt;/code&gt; URL parameter is provided. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373686][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416111]
* The Wikipedia Android team has started a beta test of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|hybrid search]] on Greek Wikipedia. Hybrid search capabilities can handle both semantic and keyword queries enabling readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily.
* For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Currently, 2FA is required to use the group, but not to be a member of it. Given that this model still has some vulnerabilities, the situation will [[phab:T418580|gradually change in March]]. Members of these groups will be unable to disable last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the second half of March, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. This applies to: CentralNotice administrators, checkusers, interface administrators, suppressors, Wikidata staff, Wikifunctions staff, WMF Office IT and WMF Trust &amp; Safety. Nothing will change for other users. See the linked task for deployment schedule. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418580]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue preventing users from creating an instance in [https://www.wikibase.cloud/ Wikibase.cloud] has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416807]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], over the next month the Wikimedia Foundation will implement global API rate limits across our APIs. In early March, stricter limits will be applied to unidentified requests from outside Toolforge/WMCS and API requests that are made from web browsers. In April, higher limits will be applied to identified traffic. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The Wikidata Query Service Linked Data Fragment (LDF) endpoint will be decommissioned in February. This endpoint served limited traffic, which was successfully migrated to other data access methods that were better suited to support existing use cases. The hardware used to support the LDF endpoint will be reallocated to support the ongoing backend migration efforts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415696]
* The new Parsoid parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], improving platform sustainability and making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. Parsoid is now the default parser on 488 WMF wikis (268 Wikipedias), now covering more than 10% of all Wikipedia page views.
* The process and criteria for [[Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise#Access|requesting exceptional access]] to the high volume feed of the ''Wikimedia Enterprise'' APIs (at no cost for mission-aligned usecases), [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Enterprise#Exceptional access criteria|have now been published]]. This is to provide more thorough and clearer documentation for users.
* [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/ Tech Blog], the blog dedicated to the Wikimedia technical community [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2026/02/24/a-tech-blog-diff/ will be migrating] to [[diffblog:|Diff]], the community news and event blog. The migration should be complete in April 2026, after which new posts will be accepted for publishing. Readers will be able to access posts – old and new – on the landing page at https://diff.wikimedia.org/techblog.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.18|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:51, 2 March 2026 (UTC)
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== Did some Author category cleanup, thinking about next steps ==

{{en| Good morning all, I recently moved around a bunch of categories in [[:Category:Authors]]. Notable additions include [[:Category:Authors by language]], [[:Category:Authors by profession]]. I also updated [[WS:LANG]] to include a column for language-specific Author categories, which are also (generally) collected in [[:Category:Authors by language]]. There is presently no consistent organization for the language author categories, which I think is fine, but I'd be interested in making some kind of consistency which we can use going forward.
: My thinking is that we could create categories like [[:Category:eng authors]] or [[:Category:zho authors]] for all of the languages represented here on multi-language wikisource with ISO-639 codes. Then, either redirect those pages to their respective language-specific Author categories (when they exist); or use them as their own category which would then be categorized into both the language's category and [[:Category:Authors by language]]. For example, [[:Category:lv authors]] would redirect to the Latvian-language [[:Category:Autori]], while [[:Category:tpn authors]] would serve as the equivalent Tupi-language category. This would help provide some useful infrastructure to support new languages works and authors in the future. 
: Thoughts? I'm open to suggestions. Don't want to be overly English-oriented, or create too much administrative burden for new users and language content. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:26, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}}

:

:{{en|An additional thought: I think it would be helpful if we created category pages for each ISO 639-1 code, possibly -2 or -3 as well for at least the languages included on multilingual wikisource and on their own subdomains. These would generally redirect to the language categories. For example, [[:Category:en]] would redirect to [[:Category:English]], [[:Category:lv]] would redirect to [[:Category:Ladin]], [[:Category:Ru]] would redirect to [[:Category:Русский]]. This would just be helpful for quickly categorizing works without having to find the specific &quot;correct&quot; category. Again, let me know what you think. [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 23:34, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.
* Last week, all wikis had 2 hours of read-only time, and extended unavailability for user-scripts and gadgets. This was due to a security incident which has since been resolved. Work is ongoing to prevent re-occurrences. For current information please see the [[m:Steward's noticeboard#Statement on Meta about today's user script security incident|post on the Stewards' noticeboard]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Product Safety and Integrity/March 2026 User Script Incident|translations]]).

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users facing multiple blocks on mobile will now see the reasons for each block separately, instead of a generic message. This helps them understand why they are blocked and what steps they can take to resolve the issue. For example, users affected for using common VPNs (such as [[Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|iCloud Private Relay]]) will receive clearer guidance on what they need to do to start editing again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357118]
* Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] will become available as a beta feature within the visual editor at all Wikipedias. This feature proactively suggests various types of actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, and learn about related guidelines. The feature is locally configurable, and can also be locally expanded with custom Suggestions. Current settings can be seen at [[Special:EditChecks]] and there are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators %E2%80%93 local customization|instructions for how administrators can customize]] the links to point to local guidelines. The feature is connected to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit check]] which suggests improvements while someone is writing new content. In the future, the Editing team plans to evaluate the feature's impact with newcomers through a controlled experiment. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404600]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where the cursor became misaligned during the use of CodeMirror’s syntax highlighting, which makes wikitext and code easier to read, has now been fixed. This problem specifically affected users who defined a font rule in a custom stylesheet while creating a new topic with DiscussionTools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418793]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* API rate limiting update: To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], global API rate limits will be applied this week to requests without a compliant User-Agent that originate from outside Toolforge/WMCS and to unauthenticated requests made from web browsers. Higher limits will be applied to identified traffic in April. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The new GraphQL API has been released. The API was developed as a flexible alternative to select features of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS), to improve developer experience and foster adaptability, and efficient data access. Try it out and [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL#Feedback and development|give feedback]]. You can also [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply sign up for usability tests].
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|PTAC Unsupported Tools Working Group]] continued improvements to [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons#|Video2Commons]] in February, with fixes addressing authentication errors, large-file handling, task queue visibility, and clearer upload behavior. Work is still ongoing in some areas, including changes related to deprecated server-side uploads. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group#February 2026|this update]] to learn more.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.19|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The Article Guidance team invites experienced Wikipedia editors from selected [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators#Collaborators|pilot wikis]] and interested contributors from other Wikipedias to fill out this questionnaire which is available in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfmLeVWnxmsCbPoI_UF2jyRcn73WRGWCVPHzerXb4Cz97X_Ag/viewform English], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd6rzr4XXQw8r4024fE3geTPFe13M_6w7Mitj-YJi0sOlWTAw/viewform?usp=header Arabic], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdok3-RfB18lcugYTUMGkpwmqG_8p760Wv4dCXitOXOszjUDw/viewform?usp=header Bengali], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfjTfYp4jEo0akA4B1e-Nfg3QZPCudUjhJzHzzDi6AHyAaMGA/viewform?usp=header Japanese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScteVoI29Aue4xc72dekk-6RYtvmMgQxzMI900UOawrFrSTWg/viewform?usp=header Portuguese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSetdxnYwL3ub2vqA7awCg5hJZPMIYcDPaiTe12rY9h0GYnVlw/viewform?usp=header Persian], and [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScNvfJF-Ot-4pzA4qAN771_0QDJ4Li19YcUsaTgSKW8Nc7U_Q/viewform?usp=header Turkish]. Your answers will help the team customize guidance for less experienced editors and help them learn community policies and practices while creating an article. Learn more [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|on the project page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:52, 9 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30213008 --&gt;

== TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) gadget ==

{{ping|Pecha-pema|Abhignkr47|Saaifa|Mathmitch7}} and anyone interested. Greetings, pleasure to meet you and sorry to disturb. Apologies for writing in English. You appear to be the most active on Multilingual Wikisource of the latest days. I'm sorry for whoever interested I did not alert, I did not want to send out too many unwanted pings.

In short, I have written a gadget that can render [[w:Text Encoding Initiative|TEI XML]]-format texts as HTML. (You can turn it on in your preferences and check how it handles [[TEI:Fare i ri ëvetar shqip]]. A brief explanation is at [[Wikisource:TEI Gadget]].) It is a format used for a more scholarly kind of transcription, mainly used for palaeography, manuscripts or thorough critical digital editions. This is not meant as a replacement of the current situation but a way to better digitalise the cases which are not well-handled by Wikitext.

For technical reasons, mostly about security, the solution requires a new namespace (i.e. the thing that comes the colon in a page title, like &lt;code&gt;Page:&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Talk:&lt;/code&gt;), so I have to file a technical request for the namespace &lt;code&gt;TEI:&lt;/code&gt;. As regrettably scatterful as this project is, I assume that such a change would not be carried through without an attempt at a discussion with other editors. For this reason, I ask here whether any of you would oppose such a change.

Thank you for your love of writing, and the work you do to record it. :) [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 16:23, 13 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|Personally I'm fine with having a TEI: namespace or something similar. Support for this kind of document format would be very helpful and putting TEI documents into their own namespace seems like a good way to integrate it with our existing workflow, using a TEI: page as a source and then transcluding it to a normal &quot;work&quot; namespace using a template/Lua module.
: However, I would like to see us think about how we could use TEI or TEI markup alongside the existing Page transcription and transclusion workflow. I think one of the best things about Wikisource is that pages in the mainspace are generally linked back to their source scan in an easily verifiable, traceable, and auditable way. Although TEI is great for transcriptions, I don’t yet see an analogue for that particular type of &quot;backing&quot; to a scan. The example document you link has source information, but some work would need to be done to get to something as granular as what we already have for scan verification and to support proofreading efforts.
: That all being said, if the gadget works and TEI-XML is as robust as it appears to be, I’m fine with doing what must be done to implement support for it. If that includes a special namespace, at least here on multilingual ws, I '''support'''. Cheers! -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 19:45, 13 March 2026 (UTC)}}
::Hello, thanks for your thoughts and your support! :) I agree that scan-backed transcription is the strongest point of boast for Wikisource. The thing is that the transformers are very versatile, which isn't well visible by the example I gave, which only shows two almost-identical transformer schemes, with the only difference being script (if it can help get the idea, the green-boxed header is also generated by a transformer of the same structure.) With this in mind, my thought was to have &quot;Original scan&quot; as one of the selectable transformers (i.e. a column), which is fairly easily doable, just requires for the transformer to ignore all tags, except for &lt;code&gt;&lt;pb/&gt;&lt;/code&gt; (&quot;page break&quot;), which would show the images.
::I was going to implement this, I didn't because there is an unrelated [[phab:T418178|ongoing bug]] which makes the pages of DJVU files not display. See for example [[Page:Veqilharxhi - Ëvetar (1845).djvu/1]] (the same work already in wikitext). The page image used to work a while ago. So for now it would have looked like a bunch of error messages in mainspace. But it's definitely doable once the bug is fixed. :)
::This to me is also a way to make the scans more immediately accessible to the reader. I find them to be very valuable, especially in cases of manuscripts and other kind of texts in which TEI in particular shines, and having scans into a separate namespace always felt a bit like hiding them to me. The idea of having them user-toggleable seemed quite neat.
::Admittedly, it is true that it will never be as easy. TEI is inevitable much more cumbersome, difficult to learn and master, and in many cases harder to read from the source. The main workspace of editors using will most likely never be the Wikisource editor box, but rather VS Code with the &quot;Scholarly XML&quot; extension (AFAIK, most accessible widely used TEI environment), or similar software. For these reason, I emphasise that that TEI is meant for those who particularly have a lot of time and dedication at their disposal, and are willing to go through the hardships that are required to get something of academic quality. The vast majority of texts will be kept in wikitext. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 20:32, 13 March 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature, also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], has been used for wikitext syntax highlighting since November 2024. It will be promoted out of beta by May 2026 in order to bring improvements and new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Features|features]] to all editors who use the standard syntax highlighter. If you have any questions or concerns about promoting the feature out of beta, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|please share]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059]
* Some changes to local user groups are performed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and logged there only. Now, interwiki rights changes will be logged both on Meta-Wiki and the wiki of the target user to make it easier to access a full record of user's rights changes on a local wiki. Past log entries for such changes will be backfilled in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6055]
* On wikis using [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]], the number of pending changes shown on [[{{#Special:PendingChanges}}]] previously counted pages which were no longer pending review, because they have been removed from the system without being reviewed, e.g. due to being deleted, moved to a different namespace, or due to wiki configuration changes. The count will be correct now. On some wikis the number shown will be much smaller than before. There should be no change to the list of pages itself. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413016]
* Wikifunctions composition language has been rewritten, resulting in a new version of the language. This change aims to increase service stability by reducing the orchestrator's memory consumption. This rewrite also enables substantial latency reduction, code simplification, and better abstractions, which will open the door to later feature additions. Read more about [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|the changes]].
* Users can now sort search results alphabetically by page title. The update gives an additional option to finding pages more easily and quickly. Previously, results could be sorted by Edit date, Creation date, or Relevance. To use the new option, open 'Advanced Search' on the search results page and select 'Alphabetically' under 'Sorting Order'. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403775]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons from importing files from Flickr has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419263]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new special page, [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}]], has been created to list transcluded pages that are flagged as containing lint errors to help users discover them easily. The list is sorted by the number of transclusions with errors. For example: [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}/night-mode-unaware-background-color]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170874]
* Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature have been using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages, for some time now. Along with promoting CodeMirror 6 out of beta, the plan is to replace CodeEditor as the standard editor for these content models by May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|Feedback or concerns are welcome]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] JavaScript modules will soon be upgraded to CodeMirror 6. Leading up to the upgrade, loading the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.lib&lt;/code&gt; modules from gadgets and user scripts was deprecated in July 2025. The use of the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.switch&lt;/code&gt; hook was also deprecated in March 2025. Contributors can now make their scripts or gadgets compatible with CodeMirror 6. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror#Gadgets and user scripts|migration guide]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373720]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team is expanding coverage of REST API module definitions to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API/Extensions|extension APIs]]. REST API modules are groups of related endpoints that can be independently managed and versioned. Modules now exist for [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414470 GrowthExperiments] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419053 Wikifunctions] APIs. As we migrate extension APIs to this structure, documentation will move out of the main MediaWiki OpenAPI spec and REST Sandbox view, and will instead be accessible via module-specific options in the dropdown on the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox] (i.e., [[{{#Special:RestSandbox}}]], available on all wiki projects).
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] extension provides different pieces of information about the wiki where the module is being used via the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual|mw.site]] library. Starting last week, the library also provides a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.site.wikiId|way]] of accessing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Wiki ID|wiki ID]] that can be used to facilitate cross-wiki module maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146616]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.20|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|2026 Coolest Tool Award]] celebrating outstanding community tools, is now open for nominations! Nominate your favorite tool using the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/435684?lang=en nomination survey] form by 23 March 2026. For more information on privacy and data handling, please see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Coolest_Tool_Award_2026_Survey_Privacy_Statement|survey privacy statement]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:35, 16 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30260505 --&gt;

== Images for &quot;toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter&quot; are broken because of an incorrect thumbnail size ==

When trying to edit [[toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter]], all of the page images are broken. (Example: [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-872px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg Page 938], obtained from the &quot;Image&quot; tab at the top of [[Page:Toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter.pdf/938]])

It looks like this is because the images are using 872px as the thumbnail size. Setting the size of the thumbnail manually in the URL to 960px (or any of the other sizes listed [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Common_thumbnail_sizes here]) fixes the issue ([https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-960px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg fixed URL for page 938]).

Is there a way for the default thumbnail size be changed to something other than 872px so the images show up properly in the editor?

Thanks in advance.

[[User:Tymewalk|Tymewalk]] ([[User talk:Tymewalk|talk]]) 03:47, 19 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|This strikes me as a weird quirk or possible bug in ProofreadPage. I can confirm that I get the same kind of broken page image, using Firefox 148.0.2 for Windows, and the Monobook skin. I’ll see if I can force a fix by just purging some pages here and on commons, as sometimes that fixes issues with PDFHandler. Otherwise, we can try posting over to [[:mw:Project:Village Pump]] and see if anybody knows if it’s related to a known and tracked issue, or if it needs a new issue reported. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:23, 23 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikimedia site users can now log in without a password using passkeys. This is a secure method supported by fingerprint, facial recognition, or PIN. With this change, all users who opt for passwordless login will find it easier, faster, and more secure to log in to their accounts using any device. The new passkey login option currently appears as an autofill suggestion in the username field. An additional [[phab:T417120|&quot;Log in with passkey&quot; button]] will soon be available for users who have already registered a passkey. This update will improve security and user experience. The [[c:File:Passwordless_login_screencast.webm|screen recording]] demonstrates the passwordless login process step by step.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia site users can now export their notifications older than 5 years using a [[toolforge:echo-chamber|new Toolforge tool]]. This will ensure that users retain their important notifications and avoid them being lost based on the planned change to delete notifications older than 5 years, as previously announced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* Wikipedia editors in Indonesian, Thai, Turkish, and Simple English now have access to Special:PersonalDashboard. This is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Dashboard|early version of an experience]] that introduces newer editors to patrolling workflows, making it easier for them to move from making edits to participating in more advanced moderation work on their project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402647]
* The [[Special:Block]] now has two minor interface changes. Administrators can now easily perform indefinite blocks through a dedicated radio button in the expiry section. Also, choosing an indefinite expiry provides a different set of common reasons to select from, which can be changed at: [[MediaWiki:Ipbreason-indef-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401823]
* Mobile editors [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Logged-out|at several wikis]] can now see an improved logged-out edit warning, thanks to the recent updates from the Growth team. These changes released last week are part of ongoing efforts and tests to enhance [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|account creation experience on mobile]] and then increase participation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408484]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:36}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:36|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented mobile web users from seeing the block information when affected by multiple blocks has been fixed. They can now see messages of all the blocks currently affecting them when they access Wikipedia.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Images built using Toolforge will soon get the upgraded buildpacks version, bringing support for newer language versions and other upstream improvements and fixes. If you use Toolforge Build Service, review the recent [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EMYTA32EV2V5SQ2JIEOD2CL66YFIZEKV/ cloud-announce email] and update your build configuration as necessary to ensure your tools are compatible. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Toolforge/Building_container_images&amp;oldid=2392097#Buildpack_environment_upgrade_process][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380127]

* The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal] documentation wiki will shut down in June 2026. API keys created on the API Portal will continue to work normally. api.wikimedia.org endpoints will be deprecated gradually starting in July 2026. Documentation on the API Portal is moving to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.21|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is considering improvements to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|automatically generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Please check out the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Proposed solutions|proposed solutions]] and participate in the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Request for comment|request for comment]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:51, 23 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30268305 --&gt;

== Proposed changes to [[Main Page]] ==

I think we should:
#Move it to [[Wikisource:Main Page]] and
#Include some text introducing that this is a stand-alone wiki, not just a portal. I think we should explain that this wiki hosts:
#*Multilingual works
#*Works in a language with too small a corpus
#*Works that are incubating to a subdomain
#*Works that are made up of non-linguistic content
#*Works with languages that have subdomains but that won't accept a particular work for whatever reason
Thoughts on these changes? —[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''vf&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 06:20, 25 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|I think about this a lot, and I don’t have a great answer. Honestly, my ideal would be to split multi-lingual WS into mul.wikisource.org, and organize it as its own project, and make this main wikisource.org ''just'' a portal to those other sites, similar to how Wikipedia works (and by default redirecting all traffic to specific pages to the page on mul.ws). I think that would be clearer to people, including editors. However, that’s a pretty big change, and I wouldn’t move forward with it without substantial discussion both here and at individual language subdomains.
* In the meantime, I think your proposal’s points are reasonable. I don’t see a particular reason to move the main page to [[Wikisource:Main Page]], but everything else seems fine. I would also add that the main page should specifically say &quot;Welcome to Multilingual Wikisource.&quot; -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 13:01, 30 March 2026 (UTC)

== Upcoming Wikimedia Café meetup regarding the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]] ==

{{tmbox
| image = [[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|45px]]
| type=notice
| text  = Hello! There will be a '''[[:meta:Wikimedia Café|Wikimedia Café]]''' meetup on '''Saturday, 11 April 2026 at 14:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1775916000 timestamp conversion tool]), focusing on the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]]. The featured guests will be &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:KStineRowe_(WMF) Kelsi Stine-Rowe]&lt;/span&gt; (senior manager, [[:meta:Movement Communications|Movement Communications]], Wikimedia Foundation), and &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Samwalton9_(WMF) Sam Walton] (senior product manager, [[:mw:Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools]], Wikimedia Foundation). &lt;br /&gt;

In addition to this Café session, [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration|several additional meetings regarding the Annual Plan are listed on the Collaboration page]], and you may participate on the [[:meta:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. &lt;br /&gt;

This Café meetup will be approximately two hours long. Attendees may choose to attend only for a part. Please see the Café page for more information, including [[:meta:Wikimedia Café#Signups for the April 2026 session|how to register]]. &lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]]
}}
[[User:Pine|Pine]] ([[User talk:Pine|talk]]) 05:18, 29 March 2026 (UTC)</text>
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== Tech News: 2026-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* As part of the current work of Community Tech team on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W372|Multiple watchlists]] project, the display of [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]] will be updated as a first step towards multiple watchlists. Additionally, the pagination on [[Special:Search|Search]] will be updated too, as a part of the work on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W186|Revamp pagination / page navigation]] wish. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411596]
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] is a MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that lets you see your watchlists from different wikis on the same page. It was recently updated to look more like the regular [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]], such as preparing it for temporary accounts in IP masking (including rerouting user links to contributions pages), making page titles bold, and opening links in edit summaries and tags in new browser tabs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398361][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298919][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273526][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286309]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where global blocks did not have the option to disable sending emails, has now been fixed, and will be available for use in the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401293]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Citation tool|VisualEditor citation tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] now support &quot;map&quot; as a reference type. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411083]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]/[[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.11|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:33, 12 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 ==

Dear Wikimedia communities,

We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year.

''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.''

In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects.

We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community.

📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]]

If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs:  
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]]
* [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]]

''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]'''''

''Stay connected and receive updates:''  
* [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel]  
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list]

We look forward to collaborating with you and your community.


'''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The tray shown on [[Special:Diff|Special:Diff]] in mobile view has been redesigned. It is now collapsed by default, and incorporates a link to undo the edit being viewed, making it easier for mobile editors and reviewers to take action while keeping the interface uncluttered. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402297] 
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now automatically determines the text direction (ensuring correct display of sites with unusual domain names) and shows detailed descriptions for log actions. Later this week, a new permanent link for page creations and CSS classes for each entry element will be added. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T412505][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287929][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262768][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414135]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the previously observed issue in Vector 2022, where anchor link targets were obscured by the sticky header, has now been addressed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406114]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* As mentioned in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|October 2025 deprecation announcement]], MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin sunsetting all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the MediaWiki REST API the week of January 26. Changes are expected to roll out to all wikis on or before January 30th. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found, compared, and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox]. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in Phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* Interactive reference documentation for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia REST API|Wikimedia REST API]] has moved. Requests to API docs previously hosted through [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase|RESTBase]] (e.g.: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/&lt;/code&gt;) are now redirected to the [[w:en:Special:RestSandbox|REST Sandbox]].
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] (WDP) has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|January 2026 newsletter]]. It includes updates on the legacy full-graph endpoint decommissioning, the User-Agent policy change, the monthly Blazegraph migration office hours, and efforts to reduce regressions caused by the legacy endpoint shutdown. As a reminder, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|subscribe to the WDP newsletter]]!
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.12|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications opened mid-December and will close soon or when capacity is reached. It's a two-day, technically oriented hackathon bringing together Wikimedians from the region. Hope to see you there!

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:29, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

21:02, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Support for Bodo Wikisource (Ws/brx) on Wikimedia Incubator ==

Hello,

I am working on setting up Bodo Wikisource (language code: brx) on Wikimedia Incubator.
I would like guidance on ProofreadPage, Index creation, and language approval process.

Bodo is an officially recognized language of India and is written in Devanagari script.

Thank you. [[User:Bkbrahma1|Bkbrahma1]] ([[User talk:Bkbrahma1|talk]]) 07:37, 21 January 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia Foundation invites comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Year1 Reflections and Proposed Way Forward 2026 Update|proposed future]] of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] until 28 February.
* All users with registered accounts can now use passkeys for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). Passkeys are a simple way to log in without using a second device. They verify the user's identity using a fingerprint, face scan, or a PIN code. To set up a passkey, first set up a regular 2FA method. Currently, to log in with a passkey, users must also use a password. Later this quarter, passwordless login will allow users to log in with a single click and a passkey. Users with advanced rights will also be required to have 2FA enabled. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project.
* Unregistered contributors on blocked IPs or blocked IP ranges can now interact on-wiki to appeal a block by creating a temporary account to appeal a block on the user talk page, unless the &quot;prevent this user from editing their own talk page&quot; is enabled. This solves the problem of logged-out users unable to use the default unblock process via user talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398673]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) methods description on the management page has been updated. It is now clearer and easier for users to understand and make use of. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332385]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new AbuseFilter variable, &lt;code&gt;account_type&lt;/code&gt;, has been added to provide a reliable way to determine the account type being created in the &lt;code&gt;createaccount&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;autocreateaccount&lt;/code&gt; actions. As part of this change, the variable &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; has been renamed to &lt;code&gt;account_name&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; is now deprecated. Edit filter managers should update any filters that use hardcoded account type checks or the deprecated variable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414049]
* Image thumbnails that are requested in non-standard sizes, and using non-standard methods such as direct requests to &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;upload.wikimedia.org/…&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; will stop working in the near future. This change is to prevent ongoing external abuse by web-scrapers and bots. Some users with custom CSS/JS, Interface Admins who can fix gadgets and local skins, and Tool-authors, will need to update their code to use standard thumbnail sizes. [[phab:T414805|Details, search-links, and examples of how to fix them, are available in the task]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.13|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:17, 26 January 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29969530 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2026-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The &quot;{{int:pageinfo-toolboxlink}}&quot; feature, which gives validating information about a page ([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=info}} example]), now automatically includes a table of contents. If there is a local [[{{ns:8}}:Pageinfo-header]] page created by individual users, it can now be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363726]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, VisualEditor previously added bold or italic formatting inside link descriptions, making the wikicode complex. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409669]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* There was no XML dump on 20 January. Additionally, from now on, dumps will be generated once per month only. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414389]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team removed support for all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:REST%20API MediaWiki REST API]. All API users currently calling those endpoints are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.14|MediaWiki]]

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Users are reminded that the Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:43, 2 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Page language ==

It is possible to change page language from default to Lingua Franca Nova (&lt;code&gt;lfn&lt;/code&gt; for [[Main Page/Lingua Franca Nova]], [[La Prea a Senior]] and [[Jura de Hipocrate]]? Thanks in advance. [[User:Evelino Ucelo|Evelino Ucelo]] ([[User talk:Evelino Ucelo|talk]]) 17:10, 5 February 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Logged-in contributors who manage large or complex watchlists can now organise and filter watched pages in ways that improve their workflows with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]] feature. By adding custom labels (for example: pages you created, pages being monitored for vandalism, or discussion pages) users can more quickly identify what needs attention, reduce cognitive load, and respond more efficiently. This improves watchlist usability, especially for highly active editors.
* A new feature available on [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] shows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] that are likely operated by the same person, and so makes patrolling less time-consuming. Upon checking contributions of a temporary account, users with access to temporary account IP addresses can now see a view of contributions from the related temporary accounts. The feature looks up all the IPs associated with a given temporary account within the data retention period and shows all the contributions of all temporary accounts that have used these IPs. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts#February 2026: Improvements to the patroller tooling|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415674] 
* When editors preview a wikitext edit, the reminder box that they are only seeing a preview (which is shown at the top), now has a grey/neutral background instead of a yellow/warning background. This makes it easier to distinguish preview notes from actual warnings (for example, edit conflicts or problematic redirect targets), which will now be shown in separate warning or error boxes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414742]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now properly supports more than one Wikibase site, for example both [[d:|Wikidata]] and [[testwikidata:|testwikidata]]. In addition, issues regarding text direction have been fixed for users who prefer Wikidata or other Wikibase sites in right-to-left (RTL) languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415440][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415458]
* The automatic &quot;magic links&quot; for ISBN, RFC, and PMID numbers have been [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic links|deprecated in wikitext since 2021]] due to inflexibility and difficulties with localization. Several wikis have successfully replaced RFC and PMID magic links with equivalent external links, but a template was often required to replace the functionality of the ISBN magic link. There is now a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#isbn|built-in parser function]] &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#isbn}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; available to replace the basic functionality of the ISBN magic link. This makes it easier for wikis who wish to migrate off of the deprecated magic link functionality to do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145604]
* Two new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35401|Jju]] ([[w:kaj:|&lt;code&gt;w:kaj:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413283]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q1186896|Nawat]] ([[w:ppl:|&lt;code&gt;w:ppl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413273]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. 

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new global user group has been created: [[{{int:grouppage-local-bot}}|{{int:group-local-bot}}]]. It will be used internally by the software to allow community bots to bypass rate limits that are applied to abusive [[w:en:Web scraping|web scrapers]]. Accounts that are approved as bots on at least one Wikimedia wiki will be automatically added to this group. It will not change what user permissions the bot has. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415588]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.15|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Spring 2026|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Spring 2026]] will be held March 25–27 in Salt Lake City, USA. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/AZBWVI46SDEB65PGR5J6E4TYOQQEZXM7/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:30, 9 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Best place to translate meta-works about the capture of knowledge? ==

There are some interesting freely licensed works about librarianship, archiving, and the like.  E.g. this recent paper on [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VMkNDcY1KBH1YV0QOVGs38o6eetUTddj/view Content Authenticity and Provenance ] -- which are often in just one language and not well indexed, but bear preserving and translating.  Is there a good WS project or collection for such things?  Does it make sense to have a language-neutral wikiproject for collecting this type of knowledge across the field? [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 18:52, 11 February 2026 (UTC)

:{{en|My initial thought is that it makes the most sense to transcribe the original text on [[:en:]] (or whatever the source language is) and then allow the other languages' projects to pursue their own translations in accordance with their own policies. Perhaps coordination could be done via a multilingual wikiproject, like [[Wiksource:WikiProject Translations]] or similar. I've just started looking around the multilingual wikisource myself so I'm not sure if we have any more infrastructure than the mere ''possibility ''of organizing such a thing. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 22:43, 2 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Team]] will be performing a cleanup of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Etherpad|Etherpad]] instance, the web-based editor for real-time collaborative document editing. All pads will be permanently deleted after 30 April, 2026 – if there are still migration projects in progress at that point the team can revisit the date on a case by case basis. Please create local backups of any content you wish to keep, as deleted data cannot be recovered. This cleanup helps reduce database size and minimize infrastructure footprint. Etherpad will continue to support real-time collaboration, but long-term storage should not be expected. Additional cleanups may occur in the future without prior notice. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415237]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Information Retrieval team will be launching an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Android mobile app experiment]] that tests hybrid search capabilities which can handle both semantic and keyword queries. The improvement of on-platform search will enable readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. The experiment will first be launched on Greek Wikipedia in late February, followed by English, French, and Portuguese in March. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/ Read more] on Diff blog. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Information_Retrieval]
* The Reader Growth team will run [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.10.2 Mobile Table of Contents|an experiment]] for mobile web users, that adds a table of contents and automatically expands all article sections, to learn more about navigation issues they face. The test will be available on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias.
* Previously, site notices ([[{{ns:8}}:Sitenotice]] and [[{{ns:8}}:Anonnotice]]) would only render on the desktop site. Now, they will render on all platforms. Users on mobile web will now see these notices and be informed. Site administrators should be prepared to test and fix notices on mobile devices to avoid interference with articles. To opt out, interface admins can add &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#siteNotice { display: none; }&lt;/code&gt; to [[{{ns:8}}:Minerva.css]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138572][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416644]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue on [[Special:RecentChanges|Special:RecentChanges]] has been fixed. Previously, clicking hide in the active filters caused the &quot;view new changes since…&quot; button to disappear, though it should have remained visible. The button now behaves as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406339]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* New documentation is now available to help editors debug on-site search features. It supports troubleshooting when pages do not appear in results, when ranking seems unexpected, and when you need to inspect what content is being indexed, helping make search behavior easier to understand and analyze. [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/Debug|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411169]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.16|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:17, 16 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]] has been deployed to English Wikipedia, completing its rollout across all Wikipedias. The feature prompts newcomers to add a citation before publishing new content, helping reduce common citation-related reverts and improve verifiability. In A/B testing, the impact was substantial: newcomers shown Reference Check were approximately 2.2 times more likely to include a reference on desktop and about 17.5 times more likely on mobile web. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/reference_check_ab_test_report_final_2025.html]
'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:InterwikiSorting|InterwikiSorting extension]], which allowed for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interwiki sorting order|sorting of interwiki links]], has been undeployed from Wikipedia. As a result, editors who had enabled interwiki link sorting in non-compact mode (full list format) will now see links reordered. The links moving forward will be listed in the alphabetical order of language code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253764]
* Later this week, people who are editing a page-section using the mobile visual editor, will notice a new &quot;Edit full page&quot; button. When tapped, you will be able to edit the entire article. This helps when the change you want to make is outside the section you initially opened. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409112]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|The Reader Experience team]] is inviting editors to assess whether dark mode should still be considered &quot;beta&quot; on their wiki, based on their experience of how well it functions on desktop and mobile. If the feature is deemed mature, editors can update the interface messages in &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:skin-theme-description&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Vector-night-mode-beta-tag&lt;/code&gt; to indicate that dark mode is ready and no longer considered beta.
* The improved [[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Activity_Tab|Activity tab]] which displays user-insights is now available to all users of the Wikipedia iOS app (version 7.9.0 and later). Following earlier A/B testing that showed higher account creation among users with access to the feature, it has been rolled out to 100% of users along with some updates. The Activity tab now shows your edited articles in the timeline, offers editing impact insights like contribution counts and article view trends, and customization options to improve in-app experience for users.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug that prevented [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] from working on mobile has now been fixed, restoring full functionality. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415303]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that makes this possible continues to improve. The latest upgrade is the inclusion of a [[mw:Extension:GlobalWatchlist#hook|new hook]], &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.globalwatchlist.rebuild&lt;/code&gt;, which fires after each watchlist rebuild. This allows you to run gadgets and user scripts for the Special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275159]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.17|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:03, 23 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikipedia 25 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|Birthday mode]] is now live on Betawi, Breton, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, Gorontalo, Indonesian, Italian, Luxembourgish, Madurese, Sicilian, Spanish, Thai, and Vietnamese Wikipedias! This limited-time campaign feature celebrates 25 years of Wikipedia with a birthday mascot, Baby Globe. When turned on, Baby Globe is shown on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments/article configuration|~2,500 articles]], waiting to be discovered by readers. Communities can choose to turn Birthday mode on by getting consensus from their community and asking an admin to enable the feature and customize it via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#Community Configuration Demo|community configuration]] on the local wiki.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to Swedish Wikipedia, Polish Wikipedia and [[:phab:T418209|a couple of other wikis]]. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|try the feature]] on these projects or on testwiki and [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing betawiki]. Learnings from the first pilot wiki German Wikipedia have been [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published in a report]]. Reach out to the Wikimedia Deutschland team if you are [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|interested in becoming a pilot wiki]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Paste check|Paste Check]] will become available at all Wikipedias this week. The feature prompts newcomers who are pasting text they are not likely to have written into VisualEditor to consider whether doing so risks a copyright violation. Paste Check [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|tags]] all edits where it is shown for potential review. Local administrators can configure various aspects of the feature via [[{{#special:EditChecks}}]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#A/B Experiment|Research]] across 22 wikis found that Paste Check resulted in an 18% decrease in relative reverted-edits compared to the control group. Translators can [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&amp;filter=&amp;optional=1&amp;action=translate help to localize] this and related features.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] will be standardizing the user menu in the top right for all mobile users so that it is closer to the desktop experience. Currently this user menu is only visible to users with Advanced Mobile Controls (AMC) turned on. The only change is that a couple buttons previously in the left-side menu will move to the top right for users who do not have AMC turned on. This change is expected to go out March 9 and seeks to improve the user interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413912]
* Starting in the week of March 2, the emails sent out when an email address was added, removed, or changed for an account will switch to a substantially nicer and clearer HTML email from the prior plaintext one. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410807]
* Notifications are currently limited to 2,000 historic entries per user, and extend back to 2013 when the feature was released. This is going to be changed to only store Notifications from the last 5 years, but up to 10,000 of them. This will help with long-term infrastructure health and help to prevent more recent notifications from disappearing too soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page continues to see improvements. The latest update improves label usage experience. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] now allows activating the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback languages|language fallback system]] for Wikidata items without labels in the viewed language, and showing those labels in the user’s preferred Wikidata language if no &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;uselang=&lt;/code&gt; URL parameter is provided. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373686][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416111]
* The Wikipedia Android team has started a beta test of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|hybrid search]] on Greek Wikipedia. Hybrid search capabilities can handle both semantic and keyword queries enabling readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily.
* For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Currently, 2FA is required to use the group, but not to be a member of it. Given that this model still has some vulnerabilities, the situation will [[phab:T418580|gradually change in March]]. Members of these groups will be unable to disable last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the second half of March, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. This applies to: CentralNotice administrators, checkusers, interface administrators, suppressors, Wikidata staff, Wikifunctions staff, WMF Office IT and WMF Trust &amp; Safety. Nothing will change for other users. See the linked task for deployment schedule. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418580]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue preventing users from creating an instance in [https://www.wikibase.cloud/ Wikibase.cloud] has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416807]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], over the next month the Wikimedia Foundation will implement global API rate limits across our APIs. In early March, stricter limits will be applied to unidentified requests from outside Toolforge/WMCS and API requests that are made from web browsers. In April, higher limits will be applied to identified traffic. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The Wikidata Query Service Linked Data Fragment (LDF) endpoint will be decommissioned in February. This endpoint served limited traffic, which was successfully migrated to other data access methods that were better suited to support existing use cases. The hardware used to support the LDF endpoint will be reallocated to support the ongoing backend migration efforts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415696]
* The new Parsoid parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], improving platform sustainability and making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. Parsoid is now the default parser on 488 WMF wikis (268 Wikipedias), now covering more than 10% of all Wikipedia page views.
* The process and criteria for [[Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise#Access|requesting exceptional access]] to the high volume feed of the ''Wikimedia Enterprise'' APIs (at no cost for mission-aligned usecases), [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Enterprise#Exceptional access criteria|have now been published]]. This is to provide more thorough and clearer documentation for users.
* [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/ Tech Blog], the blog dedicated to the Wikimedia technical community [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2026/02/24/a-tech-blog-diff/ will be migrating] to [[diffblog:|Diff]], the community news and event blog. The migration should be complete in April 2026, after which new posts will be accepted for publishing. Readers will be able to access posts – old and new – on the landing page at https://diff.wikimedia.org/techblog.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.18|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:51, 2 March 2026 (UTC)
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== Did some Author category cleanup, thinking about next steps ==

{{en| Good morning all, I recently moved around a bunch of categories in [[:Category:Authors]]. Notable additions include [[:Category:Authors by language]], [[:Category:Authors by profession]]. I also updated [[WS:LANG]] to include a column for language-specific Author categories, which are also (generally) collected in [[:Category:Authors by language]]. There is presently no consistent organization for the language author categories, which I think is fine, but I'd be interested in making some kind of consistency which we can use going forward.
: My thinking is that we could create categories like [[:Category:eng authors]] or [[:Category:zho authors]] for all of the languages represented here on multi-language wikisource with ISO-639 codes. Then, either redirect those pages to their respective language-specific Author categories (when they exist); or use them as their own category which would then be categorized into both the language's category and [[:Category:Authors by language]]. For example, [[:Category:lv authors]] would redirect to the Latvian-language [[:Category:Autori]], while [[:Category:tpn authors]] would serve as the equivalent Tupi-language category. This would help provide some useful infrastructure to support new languages works and authors in the future. 
: Thoughts? I'm open to suggestions. Don't want to be overly English-oriented, or create too much administrative burden for new users and language content. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:26, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}}

:

:{{en|An additional thought: I think it would be helpful if we created category pages for each ISO 639-1 code, possibly -2 or -3 as well for at least the languages included on multilingual wikisource and on their own subdomains. These would generally redirect to the language categories. For example, [[:Category:en]] would redirect to [[:Category:English]], [[:Category:lv]] would redirect to [[:Category:Ladin]], [[:Category:Ru]] would redirect to [[:Category:Русский]]. This would just be helpful for quickly categorizing works without having to find the specific &quot;correct&quot; category. Again, let me know what you think. [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 23:34, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.
* Last week, all wikis had 2 hours of read-only time, and extended unavailability for user-scripts and gadgets. This was due to a security incident which has since been resolved. Work is ongoing to prevent re-occurrences. For current information please see the [[m:Steward's noticeboard#Statement on Meta about today's user script security incident|post on the Stewards' noticeboard]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Product Safety and Integrity/March 2026 User Script Incident|translations]]).

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users facing multiple blocks on mobile will now see the reasons for each block separately, instead of a generic message. This helps them understand why they are blocked and what steps they can take to resolve the issue. For example, users affected for using common VPNs (such as [[Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|iCloud Private Relay]]) will receive clearer guidance on what they need to do to start editing again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357118]
* Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] will become available as a beta feature within the visual editor at all Wikipedias. This feature proactively suggests various types of actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, and learn about related guidelines. The feature is locally configurable, and can also be locally expanded with custom Suggestions. Current settings can be seen at [[Special:EditChecks]] and there are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators %E2%80%93 local customization|instructions for how administrators can customize]] the links to point to local guidelines. The feature is connected to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit check]] which suggests improvements while someone is writing new content. In the future, the Editing team plans to evaluate the feature's impact with newcomers through a controlled experiment. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404600]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where the cursor became misaligned during the use of CodeMirror’s syntax highlighting, which makes wikitext and code easier to read, has now been fixed. This problem specifically affected users who defined a font rule in a custom stylesheet while creating a new topic with DiscussionTools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418793]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* API rate limiting update: To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], global API rate limits will be applied this week to requests without a compliant User-Agent that originate from outside Toolforge/WMCS and to unauthenticated requests made from web browsers. Higher limits will be applied to identified traffic in April. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The new GraphQL API has been released. The API was developed as a flexible alternative to select features of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS), to improve developer experience and foster adaptability, and efficient data access. Try it out and [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL#Feedback and development|give feedback]]. You can also [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply sign up for usability tests].
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|PTAC Unsupported Tools Working Group]] continued improvements to [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons#|Video2Commons]] in February, with fixes addressing authentication errors, large-file handling, task queue visibility, and clearer upload behavior. Work is still ongoing in some areas, including changes related to deprecated server-side uploads. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group#February 2026|this update]] to learn more.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.19|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The Article Guidance team invites experienced Wikipedia editors from selected [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators#Collaborators|pilot wikis]] and interested contributors from other Wikipedias to fill out this questionnaire which is available in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfmLeVWnxmsCbPoI_UF2jyRcn73WRGWCVPHzerXb4Cz97X_Ag/viewform English], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd6rzr4XXQw8r4024fE3geTPFe13M_6w7Mitj-YJi0sOlWTAw/viewform?usp=header Arabic], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdok3-RfB18lcugYTUMGkpwmqG_8p760Wv4dCXitOXOszjUDw/viewform?usp=header Bengali], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfjTfYp4jEo0akA4B1e-Nfg3QZPCudUjhJzHzzDi6AHyAaMGA/viewform?usp=header Japanese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScteVoI29Aue4xc72dekk-6RYtvmMgQxzMI900UOawrFrSTWg/viewform?usp=header Portuguese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSetdxnYwL3ub2vqA7awCg5hJZPMIYcDPaiTe12rY9h0GYnVlw/viewform?usp=header Persian], and [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScNvfJF-Ot-4pzA4qAN771_0QDJ4Li19YcUsaTgSKW8Nc7U_Q/viewform?usp=header Turkish]. Your answers will help the team customize guidance for less experienced editors and help them learn community policies and practices while creating an article. Learn more [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|on the project page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:52, 9 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30213008 --&gt;

== TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) gadget ==

{{ping|Pecha-pema|Abhignkr47|Saaifa|Mathmitch7}} and anyone interested. Greetings, pleasure to meet you and sorry to disturb. Apologies for writing in English. You appear to be the most active on Multilingual Wikisource of the latest days. I'm sorry for whoever interested I did not alert, I did not want to send out too many unwanted pings.

In short, I have written a gadget that can render [[w:Text Encoding Initiative|TEI XML]]-format texts as HTML. (You can turn it on in your preferences and check how it handles [[TEI:Fare i ri ëvetar shqip]]. A brief explanation is at [[Wikisource:TEI Gadget]].) It is a format used for a more scholarly kind of transcription, mainly used for palaeography, manuscripts or thorough critical digital editions. This is not meant as a replacement of the current situation but a way to better digitalise the cases which are not well-handled by Wikitext.

For technical reasons, mostly about security, the solution requires a new namespace (i.e. the thing that comes the colon in a page title, like &lt;code&gt;Page:&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Talk:&lt;/code&gt;), so I have to file a technical request for the namespace &lt;code&gt;TEI:&lt;/code&gt;. As regrettably scatterful as this project is, I assume that such a change would not be carried through without an attempt at a discussion with other editors. For this reason, I ask here whether any of you would oppose such a change.

Thank you for your love of writing, and the work you do to record it. :) [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 16:23, 13 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|Personally I'm fine with having a TEI: namespace or something similar. Support for this kind of document format would be very helpful and putting TEI documents into their own namespace seems like a good way to integrate it with our existing workflow, using a TEI: page as a source and then transcluding it to a normal &quot;work&quot; namespace using a template/Lua module.
: However, I would like to see us think about how we could use TEI or TEI markup alongside the existing Page transcription and transclusion workflow. I think one of the best things about Wikisource is that pages in the mainspace are generally linked back to their source scan in an easily verifiable, traceable, and auditable way. Although TEI is great for transcriptions, I don’t yet see an analogue for that particular type of &quot;backing&quot; to a scan. The example document you link has source information, but some work would need to be done to get to something as granular as what we already have for scan verification and to support proofreading efforts.
: That all being said, if the gadget works and TEI-XML is as robust as it appears to be, I’m fine with doing what must be done to implement support for it. If that includes a special namespace, at least here on multilingual ws, I '''support'''. Cheers! -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 19:45, 13 March 2026 (UTC)}}
::Hello, thanks for your thoughts and your support! :) I agree that scan-backed transcription is the strongest point of boast for Wikisource. The thing is that the transformers are very versatile, which isn't well visible by the example I gave, which only shows two almost-identical transformer schemes, with the only difference being script (if it can help get the idea, the green-boxed header is also generated by a transformer of the same structure.) With this in mind, my thought was to have &quot;Original scan&quot; as one of the selectable transformers (i.e. a column), which is fairly easily doable, just requires for the transformer to ignore all tags, except for &lt;code&gt;&lt;pb/&gt;&lt;/code&gt; (&quot;page break&quot;), which would show the images.
::I was going to implement this, I didn't because there is an unrelated [[phab:T418178|ongoing bug]] which makes the pages of DJVU files not display. See for example [[Page:Veqilharxhi - Ëvetar (1845).djvu/1]] (the same work already in wikitext). The page image used to work a while ago. So for now it would have looked like a bunch of error messages in mainspace. But it's definitely doable once the bug is fixed. :)
::This to me is also a way to make the scans more immediately accessible to the reader. I find them to be very valuable, especially in cases of manuscripts and other kind of texts in which TEI in particular shines, and having scans into a separate namespace always felt a bit like hiding them to me. The idea of having them user-toggleable seemed quite neat.
::Admittedly, it is true that it will never be as easy. TEI is inevitable much more cumbersome, difficult to learn and master, and in many cases harder to read from the source. The main workspace of editors using will most likely never be the Wikisource editor box, but rather VS Code with the &quot;Scholarly XML&quot; extension (AFAIK, most accessible widely used TEI environment), or similar software. For these reason, I emphasise that that TEI is meant for those who particularly have a lot of time and dedication at their disposal, and are willing to go through the hardships that are required to get something of academic quality. The vast majority of texts will be kept in wikitext. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 20:32, 13 March 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature, also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], has been used for wikitext syntax highlighting since November 2024. It will be promoted out of beta by May 2026 in order to bring improvements and new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Features|features]] to all editors who use the standard syntax highlighter. If you have any questions or concerns about promoting the feature out of beta, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|please share]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059]
* Some changes to local user groups are performed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and logged there only. Now, interwiki rights changes will be logged both on Meta-Wiki and the wiki of the target user to make it easier to access a full record of user's rights changes on a local wiki. Past log entries for such changes will be backfilled in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6055]
* On wikis using [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]], the number of pending changes shown on [[{{#Special:PendingChanges}}]] previously counted pages which were no longer pending review, because they have been removed from the system without being reviewed, e.g. due to being deleted, moved to a different namespace, or due to wiki configuration changes. The count will be correct now. On some wikis the number shown will be much smaller than before. There should be no change to the list of pages itself. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413016]
* Wikifunctions composition language has been rewritten, resulting in a new version of the language. This change aims to increase service stability by reducing the orchestrator's memory consumption. This rewrite also enables substantial latency reduction, code simplification, and better abstractions, which will open the door to later feature additions. Read more about [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|the changes]].
* Users can now sort search results alphabetically by page title. The update gives an additional option to finding pages more easily and quickly. Previously, results could be sorted by Edit date, Creation date, or Relevance. To use the new option, open 'Advanced Search' on the search results page and select 'Alphabetically' under 'Sorting Order'. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403775]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons from importing files from Flickr has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419263]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new special page, [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}]], has been created to list transcluded pages that are flagged as containing lint errors to help users discover them easily. The list is sorted by the number of transclusions with errors. For example: [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}/night-mode-unaware-background-color]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170874]
* Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature have been using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages, for some time now. Along with promoting CodeMirror 6 out of beta, the plan is to replace CodeEditor as the standard editor for these content models by May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|Feedback or concerns are welcome]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] JavaScript modules will soon be upgraded to CodeMirror 6. Leading up to the upgrade, loading the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.lib&lt;/code&gt; modules from gadgets and user scripts was deprecated in July 2025. The use of the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.switch&lt;/code&gt; hook was also deprecated in March 2025. Contributors can now make their scripts or gadgets compatible with CodeMirror 6. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror#Gadgets and user scripts|migration guide]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373720]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team is expanding coverage of REST API module definitions to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API/Extensions|extension APIs]]. REST API modules are groups of related endpoints that can be independently managed and versioned. Modules now exist for [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414470 GrowthExperiments] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419053 Wikifunctions] APIs. As we migrate extension APIs to this structure, documentation will move out of the main MediaWiki OpenAPI spec and REST Sandbox view, and will instead be accessible via module-specific options in the dropdown on the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox] (i.e., [[{{#Special:RestSandbox}}]], available on all wiki projects).
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] extension provides different pieces of information about the wiki where the module is being used via the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual|mw.site]] library. Starting last week, the library also provides a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.site.wikiId|way]] of accessing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Wiki ID|wiki ID]] that can be used to facilitate cross-wiki module maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146616]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.20|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|2026 Coolest Tool Award]] celebrating outstanding community tools, is now open for nominations! Nominate your favorite tool using the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/435684?lang=en nomination survey] form by 23 March 2026. For more information on privacy and data handling, please see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Coolest_Tool_Award_2026_Survey_Privacy_Statement|survey privacy statement]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:35, 16 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30260505 --&gt;

== Images for &quot;toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter&quot; are broken because of an incorrect thumbnail size ==

When trying to edit [[toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter]], all of the page images are broken. (Example: [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-872px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg Page 938], obtained from the &quot;Image&quot; tab at the top of [[Page:Toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter.pdf/938]])

It looks like this is because the images are using 872px as the thumbnail size. Setting the size of the thumbnail manually in the URL to 960px (or any of the other sizes listed [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Common_thumbnail_sizes here]) fixes the issue ([https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-960px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg fixed URL for page 938]).

Is there a way for the default thumbnail size be changed to something other than 872px so the images show up properly in the editor?

Thanks in advance.

[[User:Tymewalk|Tymewalk]] ([[User talk:Tymewalk|talk]]) 03:47, 19 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|This strikes me as a weird quirk or possible bug in ProofreadPage. I can confirm that I get the same kind of broken page image, using Firefox 148.0.2 for Windows, and the Monobook skin. I’ll see if I can force a fix by just purging some pages here and on commons, as sometimes that fixes issues with PDFHandler. Otherwise, we can try posting over to [[:mw:Project:Village Pump]] and see if anybody knows if it’s related to a known and tracked issue, or if it needs a new issue reported. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:23, 23 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikimedia site users can now log in without a password using passkeys. This is a secure method supported by fingerprint, facial recognition, or PIN. With this change, all users who opt for passwordless login will find it easier, faster, and more secure to log in to their accounts using any device. The new passkey login option currently appears as an autofill suggestion in the username field. An additional [[phab:T417120|&quot;Log in with passkey&quot; button]] will soon be available for users who have already registered a passkey. This update will improve security and user experience. The [[c:File:Passwordless_login_screencast.webm|screen recording]] demonstrates the passwordless login process step by step.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia site users can now export their notifications older than 5 years using a [[toolforge:echo-chamber|new Toolforge tool]]. This will ensure that users retain their important notifications and avoid them being lost based on the planned change to delete notifications older than 5 years, as previously announced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* Wikipedia editors in Indonesian, Thai, Turkish, and Simple English now have access to Special:PersonalDashboard. This is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Dashboard|early version of an experience]] that introduces newer editors to patrolling workflows, making it easier for them to move from making edits to participating in more advanced moderation work on their project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402647]
* The [[Special:Block]] now has two minor interface changes. Administrators can now easily perform indefinite blocks through a dedicated radio button in the expiry section. Also, choosing an indefinite expiry provides a different set of common reasons to select from, which can be changed at: [[MediaWiki:Ipbreason-indef-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401823]
* Mobile editors [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Logged-out|at several wikis]] can now see an improved logged-out edit warning, thanks to the recent updates from the Growth team. These changes released last week are part of ongoing efforts and tests to enhance [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|account creation experience on mobile]] and then increase participation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408484]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:36}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:36|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented mobile web users from seeing the block information when affected by multiple blocks has been fixed. They can now see messages of all the blocks currently affecting them when they access Wikipedia.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Images built using Toolforge will soon get the upgraded buildpacks version, bringing support for newer language versions and other upstream improvements and fixes. If you use Toolforge Build Service, review the recent [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EMYTA32EV2V5SQ2JIEOD2CL66YFIZEKV/ cloud-announce email] and update your build configuration as necessary to ensure your tools are compatible. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Toolforge/Building_container_images&amp;oldid=2392097#Buildpack_environment_upgrade_process][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380127]

* The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal] documentation wiki will shut down in June 2026. API keys created on the API Portal will continue to work normally. api.wikimedia.org endpoints will be deprecated gradually starting in July 2026. Documentation on the API Portal is moving to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.21|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is considering improvements to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|automatically generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Please check out the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Proposed solutions|proposed solutions]] and participate in the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Request for comment|request for comment]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:51, 23 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30268305 --&gt;

== Proposed changes to [[Main Page]] ==

I think we should:
#Move it to [[Wikisource:Main Page]] and
#Include some text introducing that this is a stand-alone wiki, not just a portal. I think we should explain that this wiki hosts:
#*Multilingual works
#*Works in a language with too small a corpus
#*Works that are incubating to a subdomain
#*Works that are made up of non-linguistic content
#*Works with languages that have subdomains but that won't accept a particular work for whatever reason
Thoughts on these changes? —[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''vf&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 06:20, 25 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|I think about this a lot, and I don’t have a great answer. Honestly, my ideal would be to split multi-lingual WS into mul.wikisource.org, and organize it as its own project, and make this main wikisource.org ''just'' a portal to those other sites, similar to how Wikipedia works (and by default redirecting all traffic to specific pages to the page on mul.ws). I think that would be clearer to people, including editors. However, that’s a pretty big change, and I wouldn’t move forward with it without substantial discussion both here and at individual language subdomains.
* In the meantime, I think your proposal’s points are reasonable. I don’t see a particular reason to move the main page to [[Wikisource:Main Page]], but everything else seems fine. I would also add that the main page should specifically say &quot;Welcome to Multilingual Wikisource.&quot; -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 13:01, 30 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Upcoming Wikimedia Café meetup regarding the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]] ==

{{tmbox
| image = [[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|45px]]
| type=notice
| text  = Hello! There will be a '''[[:meta:Wikimedia Café|Wikimedia Café]]''' meetup on '''Saturday, 11 April 2026 at 14:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1775916000 timestamp conversion tool]), focusing on the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]]. The featured guests will be &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:KStineRowe_(WMF) Kelsi Stine-Rowe]&lt;/span&gt; (senior manager, [[:meta:Movement Communications|Movement Communications]], Wikimedia Foundation), and &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Samwalton9_(WMF) Sam Walton] (senior product manager, [[:mw:Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools]], Wikimedia Foundation). &lt;br /&gt;

In addition to this Café session, [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration|several additional meetings regarding the Annual Plan are listed on the Collaboration page]], and you may participate on the [[:meta:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. &lt;br /&gt;

This Café meetup will be approximately two hours long. Attendees may choose to attend only for a part. Please see the Café page for more information, including [[:meta:Wikimedia Café#Signups for the April 2026 session|how to register]]. &lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]]
}}
[[User:Pine|Pine]] ([[User talk:Pine|talk]]) 05:18, 29 March 2026 (UTC)</text>
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== Tech News: 2026-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* As part of the current work of Community Tech team on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W372|Multiple watchlists]] project, the display of [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]] will be updated as a first step towards multiple watchlists. Additionally, the pagination on [[Special:Search|Search]] will be updated too, as a part of the work on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W186|Revamp pagination / page navigation]] wish. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411596]
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] is a MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that lets you see your watchlists from different wikis on the same page. It was recently updated to look more like the regular [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]], such as preparing it for temporary accounts in IP masking (including rerouting user links to contributions pages), making page titles bold, and opening links in edit summaries and tags in new browser tabs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398361][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298919][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273526][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286309]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where global blocks did not have the option to disable sending emails, has now been fixed, and will be available for use in the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401293]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Citation tool|VisualEditor citation tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] now support &quot;map&quot; as a reference type. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411083]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]/[[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.11|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:33, 12 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 ==

Dear Wikimedia communities,

We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year.

''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.''

In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects.

We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community.

📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]]

If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs:  
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]]
* [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]]

''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]'''''

''Stay connected and receive updates:''  
* [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel]  
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list]

We look forward to collaborating with you and your community.


'''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The tray shown on [[Special:Diff|Special:Diff]] in mobile view has been redesigned. It is now collapsed by default, and incorporates a link to undo the edit being viewed, making it easier for mobile editors and reviewers to take action while keeping the interface uncluttered. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402297] 
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now automatically determines the text direction (ensuring correct display of sites with unusual domain names) and shows detailed descriptions for log actions. Later this week, a new permanent link for page creations and CSS classes for each entry element will be added. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T412505][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287929][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262768][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414135]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the previously observed issue in Vector 2022, where anchor link targets were obscured by the sticky header, has now been addressed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406114]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* As mentioned in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|October 2025 deprecation announcement]], MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin sunsetting all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the MediaWiki REST API the week of January 26. Changes are expected to roll out to all wikis on or before January 30th. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found, compared, and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox]. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in Phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* Interactive reference documentation for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia REST API|Wikimedia REST API]] has moved. Requests to API docs previously hosted through [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase|RESTBase]] (e.g.: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/&lt;/code&gt;) are now redirected to the [[w:en:Special:RestSandbox|REST Sandbox]].
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] (WDP) has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|January 2026 newsletter]]. It includes updates on the legacy full-graph endpoint decommissioning, the User-Agent policy change, the monthly Blazegraph migration office hours, and efforts to reduce regressions caused by the legacy endpoint shutdown. As a reminder, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|subscribe to the WDP newsletter]]!
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.12|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications opened mid-December and will close soon or when capacity is reached. It's a two-day, technically oriented hackathon bringing together Wikimedians from the region. Hope to see you there!

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:29, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

21:02, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Support for Bodo Wikisource (Ws/brx) on Wikimedia Incubator ==

Hello,

I am working on setting up Bodo Wikisource (language code: brx) on Wikimedia Incubator.
I would like guidance on ProofreadPage, Index creation, and language approval process.

Bodo is an officially recognized language of India and is written in Devanagari script.

Thank you. [[User:Bkbrahma1|Bkbrahma1]] ([[User talk:Bkbrahma1|talk]]) 07:37, 21 January 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia Foundation invites comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Year1 Reflections and Proposed Way Forward 2026 Update|proposed future]] of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] until 28 February.
* All users with registered accounts can now use passkeys for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). Passkeys are a simple way to log in without using a second device. They verify the user's identity using a fingerprint, face scan, or a PIN code. To set up a passkey, first set up a regular 2FA method. Currently, to log in with a passkey, users must also use a password. Later this quarter, passwordless login will allow users to log in with a single click and a passkey. Users with advanced rights will also be required to have 2FA enabled. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project.
* Unregistered contributors on blocked IPs or blocked IP ranges can now interact on-wiki to appeal a block by creating a temporary account to appeal a block on the user talk page, unless the &quot;prevent this user from editing their own talk page&quot; is enabled. This solves the problem of logged-out users unable to use the default unblock process via user talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398673]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) methods description on the management page has been updated. It is now clearer and easier for users to understand and make use of. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332385]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new AbuseFilter variable, &lt;code&gt;account_type&lt;/code&gt;, has been added to provide a reliable way to determine the account type being created in the &lt;code&gt;createaccount&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;autocreateaccount&lt;/code&gt; actions. As part of this change, the variable &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; has been renamed to &lt;code&gt;account_name&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; is now deprecated. Edit filter managers should update any filters that use hardcoded account type checks or the deprecated variable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414049]
* Image thumbnails that are requested in non-standard sizes, and using non-standard methods such as direct requests to &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;upload.wikimedia.org/…&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; will stop working in the near future. This change is to prevent ongoing external abuse by web-scrapers and bots. Some users with custom CSS/JS, Interface Admins who can fix gadgets and local skins, and Tool-authors, will need to update their code to use standard thumbnail sizes. [[phab:T414805|Details, search-links, and examples of how to fix them, are available in the task]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.13|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:17, 26 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The &quot;{{int:pageinfo-toolboxlink}}&quot; feature, which gives validating information about a page ([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=info}} example]), now automatically includes a table of contents. If there is a local [[{{ns:8}}:Pageinfo-header]] page created by individual users, it can now be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363726]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, VisualEditor previously added bold or italic formatting inside link descriptions, making the wikicode complex. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409669]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* There was no XML dump on 20 January. Additionally, from now on, dumps will be generated once per month only. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414389]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team removed support for all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:REST%20API MediaWiki REST API]. All API users currently calling those endpoints are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.14|MediaWiki]]

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Users are reminded that the Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:43, 2 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Page language ==

It is possible to change page language from default to Lingua Franca Nova (&lt;code&gt;lfn&lt;/code&gt; for [[Main Page/Lingua Franca Nova]], [[La Prea a Senior]] and [[Jura de Hipocrate]]? Thanks in advance. [[User:Evelino Ucelo|Evelino Ucelo]] ([[User talk:Evelino Ucelo|talk]]) 17:10, 5 February 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Logged-in contributors who manage large or complex watchlists can now organise and filter watched pages in ways that improve their workflows with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]] feature. By adding custom labels (for example: pages you created, pages being monitored for vandalism, or discussion pages) users can more quickly identify what needs attention, reduce cognitive load, and respond more efficiently. This improves watchlist usability, especially for highly active editors.
* A new feature available on [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] shows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] that are likely operated by the same person, and so makes patrolling less time-consuming. Upon checking contributions of a temporary account, users with access to temporary account IP addresses can now see a view of contributions from the related temporary accounts. The feature looks up all the IPs associated with a given temporary account within the data retention period and shows all the contributions of all temporary accounts that have used these IPs. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts#February 2026: Improvements to the patroller tooling|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415674] 
* When editors preview a wikitext edit, the reminder box that they are only seeing a preview (which is shown at the top), now has a grey/neutral background instead of a yellow/warning background. This makes it easier to distinguish preview notes from actual warnings (for example, edit conflicts or problematic redirect targets), which will now be shown in separate warning or error boxes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414742]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now properly supports more than one Wikibase site, for example both [[d:|Wikidata]] and [[testwikidata:|testwikidata]]. In addition, issues regarding text direction have been fixed for users who prefer Wikidata or other Wikibase sites in right-to-left (RTL) languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415440][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415458]
* The automatic &quot;magic links&quot; for ISBN, RFC, and PMID numbers have been [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic links|deprecated in wikitext since 2021]] due to inflexibility and difficulties with localization. Several wikis have successfully replaced RFC and PMID magic links with equivalent external links, but a template was often required to replace the functionality of the ISBN magic link. There is now a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#isbn|built-in parser function]] &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#isbn}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; available to replace the basic functionality of the ISBN magic link. This makes it easier for wikis who wish to migrate off of the deprecated magic link functionality to do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145604]
* Two new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35401|Jju]] ([[w:kaj:|&lt;code&gt;w:kaj:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413283]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q1186896|Nawat]] ([[w:ppl:|&lt;code&gt;w:ppl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413273]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. 

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new global user group has been created: [[{{int:grouppage-local-bot}}|{{int:group-local-bot}}]]. It will be used internally by the software to allow community bots to bypass rate limits that are applied to abusive [[w:en:Web scraping|web scrapers]]. Accounts that are approved as bots on at least one Wikimedia wiki will be automatically added to this group. It will not change what user permissions the bot has. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415588]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.15|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Spring 2026|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Spring 2026]] will be held March 25–27 in Salt Lake City, USA. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/AZBWVI46SDEB65PGR5J6E4TYOQQEZXM7/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:30, 9 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Best place to translate meta-works about the capture of knowledge? ==

There are some interesting freely licensed works about librarianship, archiving, and the like.  E.g. this recent paper on [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VMkNDcY1KBH1YV0QOVGs38o6eetUTddj/view Content Authenticity and Provenance ] -- which are often in just one language and not well indexed, but bear preserving and translating.  Is there a good WS project or collection for such things?  Does it make sense to have a language-neutral wikiproject for collecting this type of knowledge across the field? [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 18:52, 11 February 2026 (UTC)

:{{en|My initial thought is that it makes the most sense to transcribe the original text on [[:en:]] (or whatever the source language is) and then allow the other languages' projects to pursue their own translations in accordance with their own policies. Perhaps coordination could be done via a multilingual wikiproject, like [[Wiksource:WikiProject Translations]] or similar. I've just started looking around the multilingual wikisource myself so I'm not sure if we have any more infrastructure than the mere ''possibility ''of organizing such a thing. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 22:43, 2 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Team]] will be performing a cleanup of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Etherpad|Etherpad]] instance, the web-based editor for real-time collaborative document editing. All pads will be permanently deleted after 30 April, 2026 – if there are still migration projects in progress at that point the team can revisit the date on a case by case basis. Please create local backups of any content you wish to keep, as deleted data cannot be recovered. This cleanup helps reduce database size and minimize infrastructure footprint. Etherpad will continue to support real-time collaboration, but long-term storage should not be expected. Additional cleanups may occur in the future without prior notice. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415237]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Information Retrieval team will be launching an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Android mobile app experiment]] that tests hybrid search capabilities which can handle both semantic and keyword queries. The improvement of on-platform search will enable readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. The experiment will first be launched on Greek Wikipedia in late February, followed by English, French, and Portuguese in March. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/ Read more] on Diff blog. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Information_Retrieval]
* The Reader Growth team will run [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.10.2 Mobile Table of Contents|an experiment]] for mobile web users, that adds a table of contents and automatically expands all article sections, to learn more about navigation issues they face. The test will be available on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias.
* Previously, site notices ([[{{ns:8}}:Sitenotice]] and [[{{ns:8}}:Anonnotice]]) would only render on the desktop site. Now, they will render on all platforms. Users on mobile web will now see these notices and be informed. Site administrators should be prepared to test and fix notices on mobile devices to avoid interference with articles. To opt out, interface admins can add &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#siteNotice { display: none; }&lt;/code&gt; to [[{{ns:8}}:Minerva.css]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138572][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416644]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue on [[Special:RecentChanges|Special:RecentChanges]] has been fixed. Previously, clicking hide in the active filters caused the &quot;view new changes since…&quot; button to disappear, though it should have remained visible. The button now behaves as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406339]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* New documentation is now available to help editors debug on-site search features. It supports troubleshooting when pages do not appear in results, when ranking seems unexpected, and when you need to inspect what content is being indexed, helping make search behavior easier to understand and analyze. [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/Debug|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411169]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.16|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:17, 16 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]] has been deployed to English Wikipedia, completing its rollout across all Wikipedias. The feature prompts newcomers to add a citation before publishing new content, helping reduce common citation-related reverts and improve verifiability. In A/B testing, the impact was substantial: newcomers shown Reference Check were approximately 2.2 times more likely to include a reference on desktop and about 17.5 times more likely on mobile web. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/reference_check_ab_test_report_final_2025.html]
'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:InterwikiSorting|InterwikiSorting extension]], which allowed for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interwiki sorting order|sorting of interwiki links]], has been undeployed from Wikipedia. As a result, editors who had enabled interwiki link sorting in non-compact mode (full list format) will now see links reordered. The links moving forward will be listed in the alphabetical order of language code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253764]
* Later this week, people who are editing a page-section using the mobile visual editor, will notice a new &quot;Edit full page&quot; button. When tapped, you will be able to edit the entire article. This helps when the change you want to make is outside the section you initially opened. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409112]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|The Reader Experience team]] is inviting editors to assess whether dark mode should still be considered &quot;beta&quot; on their wiki, based on their experience of how well it functions on desktop and mobile. If the feature is deemed mature, editors can update the interface messages in &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:skin-theme-description&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Vector-night-mode-beta-tag&lt;/code&gt; to indicate that dark mode is ready and no longer considered beta.
* The improved [[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Activity_Tab|Activity tab]] which displays user-insights is now available to all users of the Wikipedia iOS app (version 7.9.0 and later). Following earlier A/B testing that showed higher account creation among users with access to the feature, it has been rolled out to 100% of users along with some updates. The Activity tab now shows your edited articles in the timeline, offers editing impact insights like contribution counts and article view trends, and customization options to improve in-app experience for users.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug that prevented [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] from working on mobile has now been fixed, restoring full functionality. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415303]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that makes this possible continues to improve. The latest upgrade is the inclusion of a [[mw:Extension:GlobalWatchlist#hook|new hook]], &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.globalwatchlist.rebuild&lt;/code&gt;, which fires after each watchlist rebuild. This allows you to run gadgets and user scripts for the Special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275159]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.17|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:03, 23 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikipedia 25 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|Birthday mode]] is now live on Betawi, Breton, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, Gorontalo, Indonesian, Italian, Luxembourgish, Madurese, Sicilian, Spanish, Thai, and Vietnamese Wikipedias! This limited-time campaign feature celebrates 25 years of Wikipedia with a birthday mascot, Baby Globe. When turned on, Baby Globe is shown on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments/article configuration|~2,500 articles]], waiting to be discovered by readers. Communities can choose to turn Birthday mode on by getting consensus from their community and asking an admin to enable the feature and customize it via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#Community Configuration Demo|community configuration]] on the local wiki.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to Swedish Wikipedia, Polish Wikipedia and [[:phab:T418209|a couple of other wikis]]. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|try the feature]] on these projects or on testwiki and [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing betawiki]. Learnings from the first pilot wiki German Wikipedia have been [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published in a report]]. Reach out to the Wikimedia Deutschland team if you are [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|interested in becoming a pilot wiki]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Paste check|Paste Check]] will become available at all Wikipedias this week. The feature prompts newcomers who are pasting text they are not likely to have written into VisualEditor to consider whether doing so risks a copyright violation. Paste Check [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|tags]] all edits where it is shown for potential review. Local administrators can configure various aspects of the feature via [[{{#special:EditChecks}}]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#A/B Experiment|Research]] across 22 wikis found that Paste Check resulted in an 18% decrease in relative reverted-edits compared to the control group. Translators can [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&amp;filter=&amp;optional=1&amp;action=translate help to localize] this and related features.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] will be standardizing the user menu in the top right for all mobile users so that it is closer to the desktop experience. Currently this user menu is only visible to users with Advanced Mobile Controls (AMC) turned on. The only change is that a couple buttons previously in the left-side menu will move to the top right for users who do not have AMC turned on. This change is expected to go out March 9 and seeks to improve the user interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413912]
* Starting in the week of March 2, the emails sent out when an email address was added, removed, or changed for an account will switch to a substantially nicer and clearer HTML email from the prior plaintext one. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410807]
* Notifications are currently limited to 2,000 historic entries per user, and extend back to 2013 when the feature was released. This is going to be changed to only store Notifications from the last 5 years, but up to 10,000 of them. This will help with long-term infrastructure health and help to prevent more recent notifications from disappearing too soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page continues to see improvements. The latest update improves label usage experience. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] now allows activating the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback languages|language fallback system]] for Wikidata items without labels in the viewed language, and showing those labels in the user’s preferred Wikidata language if no &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;uselang=&lt;/code&gt; URL parameter is provided. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373686][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416111]
* The Wikipedia Android team has started a beta test of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|hybrid search]] on Greek Wikipedia. Hybrid search capabilities can handle both semantic and keyword queries enabling readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily.
* For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Currently, 2FA is required to use the group, but not to be a member of it. Given that this model still has some vulnerabilities, the situation will [[phab:T418580|gradually change in March]]. Members of these groups will be unable to disable last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the second half of March, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. This applies to: CentralNotice administrators, checkusers, interface administrators, suppressors, Wikidata staff, Wikifunctions staff, WMF Office IT and WMF Trust &amp; Safety. Nothing will change for other users. See the linked task for deployment schedule. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418580]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue preventing users from creating an instance in [https://www.wikibase.cloud/ Wikibase.cloud] has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416807]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], over the next month the Wikimedia Foundation will implement global API rate limits across our APIs. In early March, stricter limits will be applied to unidentified requests from outside Toolforge/WMCS and API requests that are made from web browsers. In April, higher limits will be applied to identified traffic. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The Wikidata Query Service Linked Data Fragment (LDF) endpoint will be decommissioned in February. This endpoint served limited traffic, which was successfully migrated to other data access methods that were better suited to support existing use cases. The hardware used to support the LDF endpoint will be reallocated to support the ongoing backend migration efforts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415696]
* The new Parsoid parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], improving platform sustainability and making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. Parsoid is now the default parser on 488 WMF wikis (268 Wikipedias), now covering more than 10% of all Wikipedia page views.
* The process and criteria for [[Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise#Access|requesting exceptional access]] to the high volume feed of the ''Wikimedia Enterprise'' APIs (at no cost for mission-aligned usecases), [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Enterprise#Exceptional access criteria|have now been published]]. This is to provide more thorough and clearer documentation for users.
* [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/ Tech Blog], the blog dedicated to the Wikimedia technical community [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2026/02/24/a-tech-blog-diff/ will be migrating] to [[diffblog:|Diff]], the community news and event blog. The migration should be complete in April 2026, after which new posts will be accepted for publishing. Readers will be able to access posts – old and new – on the landing page at https://diff.wikimedia.org/techblog.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.18|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:51, 2 March 2026 (UTC)
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== Did some Author category cleanup, thinking about next steps ==

{{en| Good morning all, I recently moved around a bunch of categories in [[:Category:Authors]]. Notable additions include [[:Category:Authors by language]], [[:Category:Authors by profession]]. I also updated [[WS:LANG]] to include a column for language-specific Author categories, which are also (generally) collected in [[:Category:Authors by language]]. There is presently no consistent organization for the language author categories, which I think is fine, but I'd be interested in making some kind of consistency which we can use going forward.
: My thinking is that we could create categories like [[:Category:eng authors]] or [[:Category:zho authors]] for all of the languages represented here on multi-language wikisource with ISO-639 codes. Then, either redirect those pages to their respective language-specific Author categories (when they exist); or use them as their own category which would then be categorized into both the language's category and [[:Category:Authors by language]]. For example, [[:Category:lv authors]] would redirect to the Latvian-language [[:Category:Autori]], while [[:Category:tpn authors]] would serve as the equivalent Tupi-language category. This would help provide some useful infrastructure to support new languages works and authors in the future. 
: Thoughts? I'm open to suggestions. Don't want to be overly English-oriented, or create too much administrative burden for new users and language content. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:26, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}}

:

:{{en|An additional thought: I think it would be helpful if we created category pages for each ISO 639-1 code, possibly -2 or -3 as well for at least the languages included on multilingual wikisource and on their own subdomains. These would generally redirect to the language categories. For example, [[:Category:en]] would redirect to [[:Category:English]], [[:Category:lv]] would redirect to [[:Category:Ladin]], [[:Category:Ru]] would redirect to [[:Category:Русский]]. This would just be helpful for quickly categorizing works without having to find the specific &quot;correct&quot; category. Again, let me know what you think. [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 23:34, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.
* Last week, all wikis had 2 hours of read-only time, and extended unavailability for user-scripts and gadgets. This was due to a security incident which has since been resolved. Work is ongoing to prevent re-occurrences. For current information please see the [[m:Steward's noticeboard#Statement on Meta about today's user script security incident|post on the Stewards' noticeboard]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Product Safety and Integrity/March 2026 User Script Incident|translations]]).

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users facing multiple blocks on mobile will now see the reasons for each block separately, instead of a generic message. This helps them understand why they are blocked and what steps they can take to resolve the issue. For example, users affected for using common VPNs (such as [[Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|iCloud Private Relay]]) will receive clearer guidance on what they need to do to start editing again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357118]
* Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] will become available as a beta feature within the visual editor at all Wikipedias. This feature proactively suggests various types of actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, and learn about related guidelines. The feature is locally configurable, and can also be locally expanded with custom Suggestions. Current settings can be seen at [[Special:EditChecks]] and there are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators %E2%80%93 local customization|instructions for how administrators can customize]] the links to point to local guidelines. The feature is connected to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit check]] which suggests improvements while someone is writing new content. In the future, the Editing team plans to evaluate the feature's impact with newcomers through a controlled experiment. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404600]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where the cursor became misaligned during the use of CodeMirror’s syntax highlighting, which makes wikitext and code easier to read, has now been fixed. This problem specifically affected users who defined a font rule in a custom stylesheet while creating a new topic with DiscussionTools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418793]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* API rate limiting update: To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], global API rate limits will be applied this week to requests without a compliant User-Agent that originate from outside Toolforge/WMCS and to unauthenticated requests made from web browsers. Higher limits will be applied to identified traffic in April. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The new GraphQL API has been released. The API was developed as a flexible alternative to select features of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS), to improve developer experience and foster adaptability, and efficient data access. Try it out and [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL#Feedback and development|give feedback]]. You can also [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply sign up for usability tests].
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|PTAC Unsupported Tools Working Group]] continued improvements to [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons#|Video2Commons]] in February, with fixes addressing authentication errors, large-file handling, task queue visibility, and clearer upload behavior. Work is still ongoing in some areas, including changes related to deprecated server-side uploads. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group#February 2026|this update]] to learn more.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.19|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The Article Guidance team invites experienced Wikipedia editors from selected [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators#Collaborators|pilot wikis]] and interested contributors from other Wikipedias to fill out this questionnaire which is available in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfmLeVWnxmsCbPoI_UF2jyRcn73WRGWCVPHzerXb4Cz97X_Ag/viewform English], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd6rzr4XXQw8r4024fE3geTPFe13M_6w7Mitj-YJi0sOlWTAw/viewform?usp=header Arabic], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdok3-RfB18lcugYTUMGkpwmqG_8p760Wv4dCXitOXOszjUDw/viewform?usp=header Bengali], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfjTfYp4jEo0akA4B1e-Nfg3QZPCudUjhJzHzzDi6AHyAaMGA/viewform?usp=header Japanese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScteVoI29Aue4xc72dekk-6RYtvmMgQxzMI900UOawrFrSTWg/viewform?usp=header Portuguese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSetdxnYwL3ub2vqA7awCg5hJZPMIYcDPaiTe12rY9h0GYnVlw/viewform?usp=header Persian], and [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScNvfJF-Ot-4pzA4qAN771_0QDJ4Li19YcUsaTgSKW8Nc7U_Q/viewform?usp=header Turkish]. Your answers will help the team customize guidance for less experienced editors and help them learn community policies and practices while creating an article. Learn more [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|on the project page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:52, 9 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30213008 --&gt;

== TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) gadget ==

{{ping|Pecha-pema|Abhignkr47|Saaifa|Mathmitch7}} and anyone interested. Greetings, pleasure to meet you and sorry to disturb. Apologies for writing in English. You appear to be the most active on Multilingual Wikisource of the latest days. I'm sorry for whoever interested I did not alert, I did not want to send out too many unwanted pings.

In short, I have written a gadget that can render [[w:Text Encoding Initiative|TEI XML]]-format texts as HTML. (You can turn it on in your preferences and check how it handles [[TEI:Fare i ri ëvetar shqip]]. A brief explanation is at [[Wikisource:TEI Gadget]].) It is a format used for a more scholarly kind of transcription, mainly used for palaeography, manuscripts or thorough critical digital editions. This is not meant as a replacement of the current situation but a way to better digitalise the cases which are not well-handled by Wikitext.

For technical reasons, mostly about security, the solution requires a new namespace (i.e. the thing that comes the colon in a page title, like &lt;code&gt;Page:&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Talk:&lt;/code&gt;), so I have to file a technical request for the namespace &lt;code&gt;TEI:&lt;/code&gt;. As regrettably scatterful as this project is, I assume that such a change would not be carried through without an attempt at a discussion with other editors. For this reason, I ask here whether any of you would oppose such a change.

Thank you for your love of writing, and the work you do to record it. :) [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 16:23, 13 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|Personally I'm fine with having a TEI: namespace or something similar. Support for this kind of document format would be very helpful and putting TEI documents into their own namespace seems like a good way to integrate it with our existing workflow, using a TEI: page as a source and then transcluding it to a normal &quot;work&quot; namespace using a template/Lua module.
: However, I would like to see us think about how we could use TEI or TEI markup alongside the existing Page transcription and transclusion workflow. I think one of the best things about Wikisource is that pages in the mainspace are generally linked back to their source scan in an easily verifiable, traceable, and auditable way. Although TEI is great for transcriptions, I don’t yet see an analogue for that particular type of &quot;backing&quot; to a scan. The example document you link has source information, but some work would need to be done to get to something as granular as what we already have for scan verification and to support proofreading efforts.
: That all being said, if the gadget works and TEI-XML is as robust as it appears to be, I’m fine with doing what must be done to implement support for it. If that includes a special namespace, at least here on multilingual ws, I '''support'''. Cheers! -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 19:45, 13 March 2026 (UTC)}}
::Hello, thanks for your thoughts and your support! :) I agree that scan-backed transcription is the strongest point of boast for Wikisource. The thing is that the transformers are very versatile, which isn't well visible by the example I gave, which only shows two almost-identical transformer schemes, with the only difference being script (if it can help get the idea, the green-boxed header is also generated by a transformer of the same structure.) With this in mind, my thought was to have &quot;Original scan&quot; as one of the selectable transformers (i.e. a column), which is fairly easily doable, just requires for the transformer to ignore all tags, except for &lt;code&gt;&lt;pb/&gt;&lt;/code&gt; (&quot;page break&quot;), which would show the images.
::I was going to implement this, I didn't because there is an unrelated [[phab:T418178|ongoing bug]] which makes the pages of DJVU files not display. See for example [[Page:Veqilharxhi - Ëvetar (1845).djvu/1]] (the same work already in wikitext). The page image used to work a while ago. So for now it would have looked like a bunch of error messages in mainspace. But it's definitely doable once the bug is fixed. :)
::This to me is also a way to make the scans more immediately accessible to the reader. I find them to be very valuable, especially in cases of manuscripts and other kind of texts in which TEI in particular shines, and having scans into a separate namespace always felt a bit like hiding them to me. The idea of having them user-toggleable seemed quite neat.
::Admittedly, it is true that it will never be as easy. TEI is inevitable much more cumbersome, difficult to learn and master, and in many cases harder to read from the source. The main workspace of editors using will most likely never be the Wikisource editor box, but rather VS Code with the &quot;Scholarly XML&quot; extension (AFAIK, most accessible widely used TEI environment), or similar software. For these reason, I emphasise that that TEI is meant for those who particularly have a lot of time and dedication at their disposal, and are willing to go through the hardships that are required to get something of academic quality. The vast majority of texts will be kept in wikitext. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 20:32, 13 March 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature, also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], has been used for wikitext syntax highlighting since November 2024. It will be promoted out of beta by May 2026 in order to bring improvements and new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Features|features]] to all editors who use the standard syntax highlighter. If you have any questions or concerns about promoting the feature out of beta, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|please share]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059]
* Some changes to local user groups are performed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and logged there only. Now, interwiki rights changes will be logged both on Meta-Wiki and the wiki of the target user to make it easier to access a full record of user's rights changes on a local wiki. Past log entries for such changes will be backfilled in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6055]
* On wikis using [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]], the number of pending changes shown on [[{{#Special:PendingChanges}}]] previously counted pages which were no longer pending review, because they have been removed from the system without being reviewed, e.g. due to being deleted, moved to a different namespace, or due to wiki configuration changes. The count will be correct now. On some wikis the number shown will be much smaller than before. There should be no change to the list of pages itself. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413016]
* Wikifunctions composition language has been rewritten, resulting in a new version of the language. This change aims to increase service stability by reducing the orchestrator's memory consumption. This rewrite also enables substantial latency reduction, code simplification, and better abstractions, which will open the door to later feature additions. Read more about [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|the changes]].
* Users can now sort search results alphabetically by page title. The update gives an additional option to finding pages more easily and quickly. Previously, results could be sorted by Edit date, Creation date, or Relevance. To use the new option, open 'Advanced Search' on the search results page and select 'Alphabetically' under 'Sorting Order'. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403775]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons from importing files from Flickr has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419263]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new special page, [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}]], has been created to list transcluded pages that are flagged as containing lint errors to help users discover them easily. The list is sorted by the number of transclusions with errors. For example: [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}/night-mode-unaware-background-color]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170874]
* Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature have been using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages, for some time now. Along with promoting CodeMirror 6 out of beta, the plan is to replace CodeEditor as the standard editor for these content models by May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|Feedback or concerns are welcome]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] JavaScript modules will soon be upgraded to CodeMirror 6. Leading up to the upgrade, loading the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.lib&lt;/code&gt; modules from gadgets and user scripts was deprecated in July 2025. The use of the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.switch&lt;/code&gt; hook was also deprecated in March 2025. Contributors can now make their scripts or gadgets compatible with CodeMirror 6. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror#Gadgets and user scripts|migration guide]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373720]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team is expanding coverage of REST API module definitions to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API/Extensions|extension APIs]]. REST API modules are groups of related endpoints that can be independently managed and versioned. Modules now exist for [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414470 GrowthExperiments] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419053 Wikifunctions] APIs. As we migrate extension APIs to this structure, documentation will move out of the main MediaWiki OpenAPI spec and REST Sandbox view, and will instead be accessible via module-specific options in the dropdown on the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox] (i.e., [[{{#Special:RestSandbox}}]], available on all wiki projects).
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] extension provides different pieces of information about the wiki where the module is being used via the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual|mw.site]] library. Starting last week, the library also provides a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.site.wikiId|way]] of accessing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Wiki ID|wiki ID]] that can be used to facilitate cross-wiki module maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146616]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.20|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|2026 Coolest Tool Award]] celebrating outstanding community tools, is now open for nominations! Nominate your favorite tool using the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/435684?lang=en nomination survey] form by 23 March 2026. For more information on privacy and data handling, please see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Coolest_Tool_Award_2026_Survey_Privacy_Statement|survey privacy statement]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:35, 16 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30260505 --&gt;

== Images for &quot;toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter&quot; are broken because of an incorrect thumbnail size ==

When trying to edit [[toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter]], all of the page images are broken. (Example: [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-872px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg Page 938], obtained from the &quot;Image&quot; tab at the top of [[Page:Toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter.pdf/938]])

It looks like this is because the images are using 872px as the thumbnail size. Setting the size of the thumbnail manually in the URL to 960px (or any of the other sizes listed [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Common_thumbnail_sizes here]) fixes the issue ([https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-960px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg fixed URL for page 938]).

Is there a way for the default thumbnail size be changed to something other than 872px so the images show up properly in the editor?

Thanks in advance.

[[User:Tymewalk|Tymewalk]] ([[User talk:Tymewalk|talk]]) 03:47, 19 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|This strikes me as a weird quirk or possible bug in ProofreadPage. I can confirm that I get the same kind of broken page image, using Firefox 148.0.2 for Windows, and the Monobook skin. I’ll see if I can force a fix by just purging some pages here and on commons, as sometimes that fixes issues with PDFHandler. Otherwise, we can try posting over to [[:mw:Project:Village Pump]] and see if anybody knows if it’s related to a known and tracked issue, or if it needs a new issue reported. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:23, 23 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikimedia site users can now log in without a password using passkeys. This is a secure method supported by fingerprint, facial recognition, or PIN. With this change, all users who opt for passwordless login will find it easier, faster, and more secure to log in to their accounts using any device. The new passkey login option currently appears as an autofill suggestion in the username field. An additional [[phab:T417120|&quot;Log in with passkey&quot; button]] will soon be available for users who have already registered a passkey. This update will improve security and user experience. The [[c:File:Passwordless_login_screencast.webm|screen recording]] demonstrates the passwordless login process step by step.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia site users can now export their notifications older than 5 years using a [[toolforge:echo-chamber|new Toolforge tool]]. This will ensure that users retain their important notifications and avoid them being lost based on the planned change to delete notifications older than 5 years, as previously announced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* Wikipedia editors in Indonesian, Thai, Turkish, and Simple English now have access to Special:PersonalDashboard. This is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Dashboard|early version of an experience]] that introduces newer editors to patrolling workflows, making it easier for them to move from making edits to participating in more advanced moderation work on their project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402647]
* The [[Special:Block]] now has two minor interface changes. Administrators can now easily perform indefinite blocks through a dedicated radio button in the expiry section. Also, choosing an indefinite expiry provides a different set of common reasons to select from, which can be changed at: [[MediaWiki:Ipbreason-indef-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401823]
* Mobile editors [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Logged-out|at several wikis]] can now see an improved logged-out edit warning, thanks to the recent updates from the Growth team. These changes released last week are part of ongoing efforts and tests to enhance [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|account creation experience on mobile]] and then increase participation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408484]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:36}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:36|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented mobile web users from seeing the block information when affected by multiple blocks has been fixed. They can now see messages of all the blocks currently affecting them when they access Wikipedia.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Images built using Toolforge will soon get the upgraded buildpacks version, bringing support for newer language versions and other upstream improvements and fixes. If you use Toolforge Build Service, review the recent [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EMYTA32EV2V5SQ2JIEOD2CL66YFIZEKV/ cloud-announce email] and update your build configuration as necessary to ensure your tools are compatible. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Toolforge/Building_container_images&amp;oldid=2392097#Buildpack_environment_upgrade_process][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380127]

* The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal] documentation wiki will shut down in June 2026. API keys created on the API Portal will continue to work normally. api.wikimedia.org endpoints will be deprecated gradually starting in July 2026. Documentation on the API Portal is moving to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.21|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is considering improvements to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|automatically generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Please check out the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Proposed solutions|proposed solutions]] and participate in the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Request for comment|request for comment]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:51, 23 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30268305 --&gt;

== Proposed changes to [[Main Page]] ==

I think we should:
#Move it to [[Wikisource:Main Page]] and
#Include some text introducing that this is a stand-alone wiki, not just a portal. I think we should explain that this wiki hosts:
#*Multilingual works
#*Works in a language with too small a corpus
#*Works that are incubating to a subdomain
#*Works that are made up of non-linguistic content
#*Works with languages that have subdomains but that won't accept a particular work for whatever reason
Thoughts on these changes? —[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''vf&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 06:20, 25 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|I think about this a lot, and I don’t have a great answer. Honestly, my ideal would be to split multi-lingual WS into mul.wikisource.org, and organize it as its own project, and make this main wikisource.org ''just'' a portal to those other sites, similar to how Wikipedia works (and by default redirecting all traffic to specific pages to the page on mul.ws). I think that would be clearer to people, including editors. However, that’s a pretty big change, and I wouldn’t move forward with it without substantial discussion both here and at individual language subdomains.
: In the meantime, I think your proposal’s points are reasonable. I don’t see a particular reason to move the main page to [[Wikisource:Main Page]], but everything else seems fine. I would also add that the main page should specifically say &quot;Welcome to Multilingual Wikisource.&quot; -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 13:01, 30 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Upcoming Wikimedia Café meetup regarding the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]] ==

{{tmbox
| image = [[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|45px]]
| type=notice
| text  = Hello! There will be a '''[[:meta:Wikimedia Café|Wikimedia Café]]''' meetup on '''Saturday, 11 April 2026 at 14:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1775916000 timestamp conversion tool]), focusing on the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]]. The featured guests will be &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:KStineRowe_(WMF) Kelsi Stine-Rowe]&lt;/span&gt; (senior manager, [[:meta:Movement Communications|Movement Communications]], Wikimedia Foundation), and &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Samwalton9_(WMF) Sam Walton] (senior product manager, [[:mw:Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools]], Wikimedia Foundation). &lt;br /&gt;

In addition to this Café session, [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration|several additional meetings regarding the Annual Plan are listed on the Collaboration page]], and you may participate on the [[:meta:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. &lt;br /&gt;

This Café meetup will be approximately two hours long. Attendees may choose to attend only for a part. Please see the Café page for more information, including [[:meta:Wikimedia Café#Signups for the April 2026 session|how to register]]. &lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]]
}}
[[User:Pine|Pine]] ([[User talk:Pine|talk]]) 05:18, 29 March 2026 (UTC)</text>
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== Tech News: 2026-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* As part of the current work of Community Tech team on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W372|Multiple watchlists]] project, the display of [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]] will be updated as a first step towards multiple watchlists. Additionally, the pagination on [[Special:Search|Search]] will be updated too, as a part of the work on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W186|Revamp pagination / page navigation]] wish. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411596]
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] is a MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that lets you see your watchlists from different wikis on the same page. It was recently updated to look more like the regular [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]], such as preparing it for temporary accounts in IP masking (including rerouting user links to contributions pages), making page titles bold, and opening links in edit summaries and tags in new browser tabs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398361][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298919][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273526][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286309]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where global blocks did not have the option to disable sending emails, has now been fixed, and will be available for use in the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401293]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Citation tool|VisualEditor citation tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] now support &quot;map&quot; as a reference type. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411083]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]/[[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.11|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:33, 12 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 ==

Dear Wikimedia communities,

We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year.

''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.''

In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects.

We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community.

📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]]

If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs:  
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]]
* [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]]

''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]'''''

''Stay connected and receive updates:''  
* [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel]  
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list]

We look forward to collaborating with you and your community.


'''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The tray shown on [[Special:Diff|Special:Diff]] in mobile view has been redesigned. It is now collapsed by default, and incorporates a link to undo the edit being viewed, making it easier for mobile editors and reviewers to take action while keeping the interface uncluttered. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402297] 
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now automatically determines the text direction (ensuring correct display of sites with unusual domain names) and shows detailed descriptions for log actions. Later this week, a new permanent link for page creations and CSS classes for each entry element will be added. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T412505][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287929][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262768][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414135]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the previously observed issue in Vector 2022, where anchor link targets were obscured by the sticky header, has now been addressed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406114]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* As mentioned in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|October 2025 deprecation announcement]], MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin sunsetting all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the MediaWiki REST API the week of January 26. Changes are expected to roll out to all wikis on or before January 30th. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found, compared, and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox]. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in Phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* Interactive reference documentation for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia REST API|Wikimedia REST API]] has moved. Requests to API docs previously hosted through [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase|RESTBase]] (e.g.: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/&lt;/code&gt;) are now redirected to the [[w:en:Special:RestSandbox|REST Sandbox]].
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] (WDP) has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|January 2026 newsletter]]. It includes updates on the legacy full-graph endpoint decommissioning, the User-Agent policy change, the monthly Blazegraph migration office hours, and efforts to reduce regressions caused by the legacy endpoint shutdown. As a reminder, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|subscribe to the WDP newsletter]]!
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.12|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications opened mid-December and will close soon or when capacity is reached. It's a two-day, technically oriented hackathon bringing together Wikimedians from the region. Hope to see you there!

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:29, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

21:02, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Support for Bodo Wikisource (Ws/brx) on Wikimedia Incubator ==

Hello,

I am working on setting up Bodo Wikisource (language code: brx) on Wikimedia Incubator.
I would like guidance on ProofreadPage, Index creation, and language approval process.

Bodo is an officially recognized language of India and is written in Devanagari script.

Thank you. [[User:Bkbrahma1|Bkbrahma1]] ([[User talk:Bkbrahma1|talk]]) 07:37, 21 January 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia Foundation invites comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Year1 Reflections and Proposed Way Forward 2026 Update|proposed future]] of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] until 28 February.
* All users with registered accounts can now use passkeys for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). Passkeys are a simple way to log in without using a second device. They verify the user's identity using a fingerprint, face scan, or a PIN code. To set up a passkey, first set up a regular 2FA method. Currently, to log in with a passkey, users must also use a password. Later this quarter, passwordless login will allow users to log in with a single click and a passkey. Users with advanced rights will also be required to have 2FA enabled. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project.
* Unregistered contributors on blocked IPs or blocked IP ranges can now interact on-wiki to appeal a block by creating a temporary account to appeal a block on the user talk page, unless the &quot;prevent this user from editing their own talk page&quot; is enabled. This solves the problem of logged-out users unable to use the default unblock process via user talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398673]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) methods description on the management page has been updated. It is now clearer and easier for users to understand and make use of. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332385]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new AbuseFilter variable, &lt;code&gt;account_type&lt;/code&gt;, has been added to provide a reliable way to determine the account type being created in the &lt;code&gt;createaccount&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;autocreateaccount&lt;/code&gt; actions. As part of this change, the variable &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; has been renamed to &lt;code&gt;account_name&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; is now deprecated. Edit filter managers should update any filters that use hardcoded account type checks or the deprecated variable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414049]
* Image thumbnails that are requested in non-standard sizes, and using non-standard methods such as direct requests to &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;upload.wikimedia.org/…&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; will stop working in the near future. This change is to prevent ongoing external abuse by web-scrapers and bots. Some users with custom CSS/JS, Interface Admins who can fix gadgets and local skins, and Tool-authors, will need to update their code to use standard thumbnail sizes. [[phab:T414805|Details, search-links, and examples of how to fix them, are available in the task]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.13|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:17, 26 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The &quot;{{int:pageinfo-toolboxlink}}&quot; feature, which gives validating information about a page ([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=info}} example]), now automatically includes a table of contents. If there is a local [[{{ns:8}}:Pageinfo-header]] page created by individual users, it can now be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363726]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, VisualEditor previously added bold or italic formatting inside link descriptions, making the wikicode complex. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409669]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* There was no XML dump on 20 January. Additionally, from now on, dumps will be generated once per month only. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414389]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team removed support for all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:REST%20API MediaWiki REST API]. All API users currently calling those endpoints are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.14|MediaWiki]]

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Users are reminded that the Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:43, 2 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Page language ==

It is possible to change page language from default to Lingua Franca Nova (&lt;code&gt;lfn&lt;/code&gt; for [[Main Page/Lingua Franca Nova]], [[La Prea a Senior]] and [[Jura de Hipocrate]]? Thanks in advance. [[User:Evelino Ucelo|Evelino Ucelo]] ([[User talk:Evelino Ucelo|talk]]) 17:10, 5 February 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Logged-in contributors who manage large or complex watchlists can now organise and filter watched pages in ways that improve their workflows with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]] feature. By adding custom labels (for example: pages you created, pages being monitored for vandalism, or discussion pages) users can more quickly identify what needs attention, reduce cognitive load, and respond more efficiently. This improves watchlist usability, especially for highly active editors.
* A new feature available on [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] shows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] that are likely operated by the same person, and so makes patrolling less time-consuming. Upon checking contributions of a temporary account, users with access to temporary account IP addresses can now see a view of contributions from the related temporary accounts. The feature looks up all the IPs associated with a given temporary account within the data retention period and shows all the contributions of all temporary accounts that have used these IPs. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts#February 2026: Improvements to the patroller tooling|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415674] 
* When editors preview a wikitext edit, the reminder box that they are only seeing a preview (which is shown at the top), now has a grey/neutral background instead of a yellow/warning background. This makes it easier to distinguish preview notes from actual warnings (for example, edit conflicts or problematic redirect targets), which will now be shown in separate warning or error boxes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414742]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now properly supports more than one Wikibase site, for example both [[d:|Wikidata]] and [[testwikidata:|testwikidata]]. In addition, issues regarding text direction have been fixed for users who prefer Wikidata or other Wikibase sites in right-to-left (RTL) languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415440][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415458]
* The automatic &quot;magic links&quot; for ISBN, RFC, and PMID numbers have been [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic links|deprecated in wikitext since 2021]] due to inflexibility and difficulties with localization. Several wikis have successfully replaced RFC and PMID magic links with equivalent external links, but a template was often required to replace the functionality of the ISBN magic link. There is now a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#isbn|built-in parser function]] &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#isbn}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; available to replace the basic functionality of the ISBN magic link. This makes it easier for wikis who wish to migrate off of the deprecated magic link functionality to do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145604]
* Two new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35401|Jju]] ([[w:kaj:|&lt;code&gt;w:kaj:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413283]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q1186896|Nawat]] ([[w:ppl:|&lt;code&gt;w:ppl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413273]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. 

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new global user group has been created: [[{{int:grouppage-local-bot}}|{{int:group-local-bot}}]]. It will be used internally by the software to allow community bots to bypass rate limits that are applied to abusive [[w:en:Web scraping|web scrapers]]. Accounts that are approved as bots on at least one Wikimedia wiki will be automatically added to this group. It will not change what user permissions the bot has. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415588]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.15|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Spring 2026|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Spring 2026]] will be held March 25–27 in Salt Lake City, USA. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/AZBWVI46SDEB65PGR5J6E4TYOQQEZXM7/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:30, 9 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Best place to translate meta-works about the capture of knowledge? ==

There are some interesting freely licensed works about librarianship, archiving, and the like.  E.g. this recent paper on [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VMkNDcY1KBH1YV0QOVGs38o6eetUTddj/view Content Authenticity and Provenance ] -- which are often in just one language and not well indexed, but bear preserving and translating.  Is there a good WS project or collection for such things?  Does it make sense to have a language-neutral wikiproject for collecting this type of knowledge across the field? [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 18:52, 11 February 2026 (UTC)

:{{en|My initial thought is that it makes the most sense to transcribe the original text on [[:en:]] (or whatever the source language is) and then allow the other languages' projects to pursue their own translations in accordance with their own policies. Perhaps coordination could be done via a multilingual wikiproject, like [[Wiksource:WikiProject Translations]] or similar. I've just started looking around the multilingual wikisource myself so I'm not sure if we have any more infrastructure than the mere ''possibility ''of organizing such a thing. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 22:43, 2 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Team]] will be performing a cleanup of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Etherpad|Etherpad]] instance, the web-based editor for real-time collaborative document editing. All pads will be permanently deleted after 30 April, 2026 – if there are still migration projects in progress at that point the team can revisit the date on a case by case basis. Please create local backups of any content you wish to keep, as deleted data cannot be recovered. This cleanup helps reduce database size and minimize infrastructure footprint. Etherpad will continue to support real-time collaboration, but long-term storage should not be expected. Additional cleanups may occur in the future without prior notice. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415237]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Information Retrieval team will be launching an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Android mobile app experiment]] that tests hybrid search capabilities which can handle both semantic and keyword queries. The improvement of on-platform search will enable readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. The experiment will first be launched on Greek Wikipedia in late February, followed by English, French, and Portuguese in March. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/ Read more] on Diff blog. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Information_Retrieval]
* The Reader Growth team will run [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.10.2 Mobile Table of Contents|an experiment]] for mobile web users, that adds a table of contents and automatically expands all article sections, to learn more about navigation issues they face. The test will be available on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias.
* Previously, site notices ([[{{ns:8}}:Sitenotice]] and [[{{ns:8}}:Anonnotice]]) would only render on the desktop site. Now, they will render on all platforms. Users on mobile web will now see these notices and be informed. Site administrators should be prepared to test and fix notices on mobile devices to avoid interference with articles. To opt out, interface admins can add &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#siteNotice { display: none; }&lt;/code&gt; to [[{{ns:8}}:Minerva.css]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138572][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416644]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue on [[Special:RecentChanges|Special:RecentChanges]] has been fixed. Previously, clicking hide in the active filters caused the &quot;view new changes since…&quot; button to disappear, though it should have remained visible. The button now behaves as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406339]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* New documentation is now available to help editors debug on-site search features. It supports troubleshooting when pages do not appear in results, when ranking seems unexpected, and when you need to inspect what content is being indexed, helping make search behavior easier to understand and analyze. [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/Debug|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411169]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.16|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot; /&gt;

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== Tech News: 2026-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]] has been deployed to English Wikipedia, completing its rollout across all Wikipedias. The feature prompts newcomers to add a citation before publishing new content, helping reduce common citation-related reverts and improve verifiability. In A/B testing, the impact was substantial: newcomers shown Reference Check were approximately 2.2 times more likely to include a reference on desktop and about 17.5 times more likely on mobile web. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/reference_check_ab_test_report_final_2025.html]
'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:InterwikiSorting|InterwikiSorting extension]], which allowed for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interwiki sorting order|sorting of interwiki links]], has been undeployed from Wikipedia. As a result, editors who had enabled interwiki link sorting in non-compact mode (full list format) will now see links reordered. The links moving forward will be listed in the alphabetical order of language code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253764]
* Later this week, people who are editing a page-section using the mobile visual editor, will notice a new &quot;Edit full page&quot; button. When tapped, you will be able to edit the entire article. This helps when the change you want to make is outside the section you initially opened. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409112]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|The Reader Experience team]] is inviting editors to assess whether dark mode should still be considered &quot;beta&quot; on their wiki, based on their experience of how well it functions on desktop and mobile. If the feature is deemed mature, editors can update the interface messages in &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:skin-theme-description&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Vector-night-mode-beta-tag&lt;/code&gt; to indicate that dark mode is ready and no longer considered beta.
* The improved [[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Activity_Tab|Activity tab]] which displays user-insights is now available to all users of the Wikipedia iOS app (version 7.9.0 and later). Following earlier A/B testing that showed higher account creation among users with access to the feature, it has been rolled out to 100% of users along with some updates. The Activity tab now shows your edited articles in the timeline, offers editing impact insights like contribution counts and article view trends, and customization options to improve in-app experience for users.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug that prevented [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] from working on mobile has now been fixed, restoring full functionality. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415303]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that makes this possible continues to improve. The latest upgrade is the inclusion of a [[mw:Extension:GlobalWatchlist#hook|new hook]], &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.globalwatchlist.rebuild&lt;/code&gt;, which fires after each watchlist rebuild. This allows you to run gadgets and user scripts for the Special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275159]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.17|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:03, 23 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikipedia 25 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|Birthday mode]] is now live on Betawi, Breton, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, Gorontalo, Indonesian, Italian, Luxembourgish, Madurese, Sicilian, Spanish, Thai, and Vietnamese Wikipedias! This limited-time campaign feature celebrates 25 years of Wikipedia with a birthday mascot, Baby Globe. When turned on, Baby Globe is shown on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments/article configuration|~2,500 articles]], waiting to be discovered by readers. Communities can choose to turn Birthday mode on by getting consensus from their community and asking an admin to enable the feature and customize it via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#Community Configuration Demo|community configuration]] on the local wiki.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to Swedish Wikipedia, Polish Wikipedia and [[:phab:T418209|a couple of other wikis]]. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|try the feature]] on these projects or on testwiki and [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing betawiki]. Learnings from the first pilot wiki German Wikipedia have been [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published in a report]]. Reach out to the Wikimedia Deutschland team if you are [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|interested in becoming a pilot wiki]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Paste check|Paste Check]] will become available at all Wikipedias this week. The feature prompts newcomers who are pasting text they are not likely to have written into VisualEditor to consider whether doing so risks a copyright violation. Paste Check [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|tags]] all edits where it is shown for potential review. Local administrators can configure various aspects of the feature via [[{{#special:EditChecks}}]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#A/B Experiment|Research]] across 22 wikis found that Paste Check resulted in an 18% decrease in relative reverted-edits compared to the control group. Translators can [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&amp;filter=&amp;optional=1&amp;action=translate help to localize] this and related features.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] will be standardizing the user menu in the top right for all mobile users so that it is closer to the desktop experience. Currently this user menu is only visible to users with Advanced Mobile Controls (AMC) turned on. The only change is that a couple buttons previously in the left-side menu will move to the top right for users who do not have AMC turned on. This change is expected to go out March 9 and seeks to improve the user interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413912]
* Starting in the week of March 2, the emails sent out when an email address was added, removed, or changed for an account will switch to a substantially nicer and clearer HTML email from the prior plaintext one. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410807]
* Notifications are currently limited to 2,000 historic entries per user, and extend back to 2013 when the feature was released. This is going to be changed to only store Notifications from the last 5 years, but up to 10,000 of them. This will help with long-term infrastructure health and help to prevent more recent notifications from disappearing too soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page continues to see improvements. The latest update improves label usage experience. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] now allows activating the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback languages|language fallback system]] for Wikidata items without labels in the viewed language, and showing those labels in the user’s preferred Wikidata language if no &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;uselang=&lt;/code&gt; URL parameter is provided. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373686][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416111]
* The Wikipedia Android team has started a beta test of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|hybrid search]] on Greek Wikipedia. Hybrid search capabilities can handle both semantic and keyword queries enabling readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily.
* For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Currently, 2FA is required to use the group, but not to be a member of it. Given that this model still has some vulnerabilities, the situation will [[phab:T418580|gradually change in March]]. Members of these groups will be unable to disable last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the second half of March, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. This applies to: CentralNotice administrators, checkusers, interface administrators, suppressors, Wikidata staff, Wikifunctions staff, WMF Office IT and WMF Trust &amp; Safety. Nothing will change for other users. See the linked task for deployment schedule. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418580]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue preventing users from creating an instance in [https://www.wikibase.cloud/ Wikibase.cloud] has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416807]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], over the next month the Wikimedia Foundation will implement global API rate limits across our APIs. In early March, stricter limits will be applied to unidentified requests from outside Toolforge/WMCS and API requests that are made from web browsers. In April, higher limits will be applied to identified traffic. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The Wikidata Query Service Linked Data Fragment (LDF) endpoint will be decommissioned in February. This endpoint served limited traffic, which was successfully migrated to other data access methods that were better suited to support existing use cases. The hardware used to support the LDF endpoint will be reallocated to support the ongoing backend migration efforts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415696]
* The new Parsoid parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], improving platform sustainability and making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. Parsoid is now the default parser on 488 WMF wikis (268 Wikipedias), now covering more than 10% of all Wikipedia page views.
* The process and criteria for [[Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise#Access|requesting exceptional access]] to the high volume feed of the ''Wikimedia Enterprise'' APIs (at no cost for mission-aligned usecases), [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Enterprise#Exceptional access criteria|have now been published]]. This is to provide more thorough and clearer documentation for users.
* [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/ Tech Blog], the blog dedicated to the Wikimedia technical community [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2026/02/24/a-tech-blog-diff/ will be migrating] to [[diffblog:|Diff]], the community news and event blog. The migration should be complete in April 2026, after which new posts will be accepted for publishing. Readers will be able to access posts – old and new – on the landing page at https://diff.wikimedia.org/techblog.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.18|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:51, 2 March 2026 (UTC)
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== Did some Author category cleanup, thinking about next steps ==

{{en| Good morning all, I recently moved around a bunch of categories in [[:Category:Authors]]. Notable additions include [[:Category:Authors by language]], [[:Category:Authors by profession]]. I also updated [[WS:LANG]] to include a column for language-specific Author categories, which are also (generally) collected in [[:Category:Authors by language]]. There is presently no consistent organization for the language author categories, which I think is fine, but I'd be interested in making some kind of consistency which we can use going forward.
: My thinking is that we could create categories like [[:Category:eng authors]] or [[:Category:zho authors]] for all of the languages represented here on multi-language wikisource with ISO-639 codes. Then, either redirect those pages to their respective language-specific Author categories (when they exist); or use them as their own category which would then be categorized into both the language's category and [[:Category:Authors by language]]. For example, [[:Category:lv authors]] would redirect to the Latvian-language [[:Category:Autori]], while [[:Category:tpn authors]] would serve as the equivalent Tupi-language category. This would help provide some useful infrastructure to support new languages works and authors in the future. 
: Thoughts? I'm open to suggestions. Don't want to be overly English-oriented, or create too much administrative burden for new users and language content. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:26, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}}

:

:{{en|An additional thought: I think it would be helpful if we created category pages for each ISO 639-1 code, possibly -2 or -3 as well for at least the languages included on multilingual wikisource and on their own subdomains. These would generally redirect to the language categories. For example, [[:Category:en]] would redirect to [[:Category:English]], [[:Category:lv]] would redirect to [[:Category:Ladin]], [[:Category:Ru]] would redirect to [[:Category:Русский]]. This would just be helpful for quickly categorizing works without having to find the specific &quot;correct&quot; category. Again, let me know what you think. [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 23:34, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.
* Last week, all wikis had 2 hours of read-only time, and extended unavailability for user-scripts and gadgets. This was due to a security incident which has since been resolved. Work is ongoing to prevent re-occurrences. For current information please see the [[m:Steward's noticeboard#Statement on Meta about today's user script security incident|post on the Stewards' noticeboard]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Product Safety and Integrity/March 2026 User Script Incident|translations]]).

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users facing multiple blocks on mobile will now see the reasons for each block separately, instead of a generic message. This helps them understand why they are blocked and what steps they can take to resolve the issue. For example, users affected for using common VPNs (such as [[Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|iCloud Private Relay]]) will receive clearer guidance on what they need to do to start editing again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357118]
* Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] will become available as a beta feature within the visual editor at all Wikipedias. This feature proactively suggests various types of actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, and learn about related guidelines. The feature is locally configurable, and can also be locally expanded with custom Suggestions. Current settings can be seen at [[Special:EditChecks]] and there are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators %E2%80%93 local customization|instructions for how administrators can customize]] the links to point to local guidelines. The feature is connected to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit check]] which suggests improvements while someone is writing new content. In the future, the Editing team plans to evaluate the feature's impact with newcomers through a controlled experiment. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404600]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where the cursor became misaligned during the use of CodeMirror’s syntax highlighting, which makes wikitext and code easier to read, has now been fixed. This problem specifically affected users who defined a font rule in a custom stylesheet while creating a new topic with DiscussionTools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418793]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* API rate limiting update: To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], global API rate limits will be applied this week to requests without a compliant User-Agent that originate from outside Toolforge/WMCS and to unauthenticated requests made from web browsers. Higher limits will be applied to identified traffic in April. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The new GraphQL API has been released. The API was developed as a flexible alternative to select features of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS), to improve developer experience and foster adaptability, and efficient data access. Try it out and [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL#Feedback and development|give feedback]]. You can also [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply sign up for usability tests].
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|PTAC Unsupported Tools Working Group]] continued improvements to [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons#|Video2Commons]] in February, with fixes addressing authentication errors, large-file handling, task queue visibility, and clearer upload behavior. Work is still ongoing in some areas, including changes related to deprecated server-side uploads. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group#February 2026|this update]] to learn more.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.19|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The Article Guidance team invites experienced Wikipedia editors from selected [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators#Collaborators|pilot wikis]] and interested contributors from other Wikipedias to fill out this questionnaire which is available in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfmLeVWnxmsCbPoI_UF2jyRcn73WRGWCVPHzerXb4Cz97X_Ag/viewform English], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd6rzr4XXQw8r4024fE3geTPFe13M_6w7Mitj-YJi0sOlWTAw/viewform?usp=header Arabic], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdok3-RfB18lcugYTUMGkpwmqG_8p760Wv4dCXitOXOszjUDw/viewform?usp=header Bengali], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfjTfYp4jEo0akA4B1e-Nfg3QZPCudUjhJzHzzDi6AHyAaMGA/viewform?usp=header Japanese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScteVoI29Aue4xc72dekk-6RYtvmMgQxzMI900UOawrFrSTWg/viewform?usp=header Portuguese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSetdxnYwL3ub2vqA7awCg5hJZPMIYcDPaiTe12rY9h0GYnVlw/viewform?usp=header Persian], and [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScNvfJF-Ot-4pzA4qAN771_0QDJ4Li19YcUsaTgSKW8Nc7U_Q/viewform?usp=header Turkish]. Your answers will help the team customize guidance for less experienced editors and help them learn community policies and practices while creating an article. Learn more [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|on the project page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:52, 9 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30213008 --&gt;

== TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) gadget ==

{{ping|Pecha-pema|Abhignkr47|Saaifa|Mathmitch7}} and anyone interested. Greetings, pleasure to meet you and sorry to disturb. Apologies for writing in English. You appear to be the most active on Multilingual Wikisource of the latest days. I'm sorry for whoever interested I did not alert, I did not want to send out too many unwanted pings.

In short, I have written a gadget that can render [[w:Text Encoding Initiative|TEI XML]]-format texts as HTML. (You can turn it on in your preferences and check how it handles [[TEI:Fare i ri ëvetar shqip]]. A brief explanation is at [[Wikisource:TEI Gadget]].) It is a format used for a more scholarly kind of transcription, mainly used for palaeography, manuscripts or thorough critical digital editions. This is not meant as a replacement of the current situation but a way to better digitalise the cases which are not well-handled by Wikitext.

For technical reasons, mostly about security, the solution requires a new namespace (i.e. the thing that comes the colon in a page title, like &lt;code&gt;Page:&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Talk:&lt;/code&gt;), so I have to file a technical request for the namespace &lt;code&gt;TEI:&lt;/code&gt;. As regrettably scatterful as this project is, I assume that such a change would not be carried through without an attempt at a discussion with other editors. For this reason, I ask here whether any of you would oppose such a change.

Thank you for your love of writing, and the work you do to record it. :) [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 16:23, 13 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|Personally I'm fine with having a TEI: namespace or something similar. Support for this kind of document format would be very helpful and putting TEI documents into their own namespace seems like a good way to integrate it with our existing workflow, using a TEI: page as a source and then transcluding it to a normal &quot;work&quot; namespace using a template/Lua module.
: However, I would like to see us think about how we could use TEI or TEI markup alongside the existing Page transcription and transclusion workflow. I think one of the best things about Wikisource is that pages in the mainspace are generally linked back to their source scan in an easily verifiable, traceable, and auditable way. Although TEI is great for transcriptions, I don’t yet see an analogue for that particular type of &quot;backing&quot; to a scan. The example document you link has source information, but some work would need to be done to get to something as granular as what we already have for scan verification and to support proofreading efforts.
: That all being said, if the gadget works and TEI-XML is as robust as it appears to be, I’m fine with doing what must be done to implement support for it. If that includes a special namespace, at least here on multilingual ws, I '''support'''. Cheers! -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 19:45, 13 March 2026 (UTC)}}
::Hello, thanks for your thoughts and your support! :) I agree that scan-backed transcription is the strongest point of boast for Wikisource. The thing is that the transformers are very versatile, which isn't well visible by the example I gave, which only shows two almost-identical transformer schemes, with the only difference being script (if it can help get the idea, the green-boxed header is also generated by a transformer of the same structure.) With this in mind, my thought was to have &quot;Original scan&quot; as one of the selectable transformers (i.e. a column), which is fairly easily doable, just requires for the transformer to ignore all tags, except for &lt;code&gt;&lt;pb/&gt;&lt;/code&gt; (&quot;page break&quot;), which would show the images.
::I was going to implement this, I didn't because there is an unrelated [[phab:T418178|ongoing bug]] which makes the pages of DJVU files not display. See for example [[Page:Veqilharxhi - Ëvetar (1845).djvu/1]] (the same work already in wikitext). The page image used to work a while ago. So for now it would have looked like a bunch of error messages in mainspace. But it's definitely doable once the bug is fixed. :)
::This to me is also a way to make the scans more immediately accessible to the reader. I find them to be very valuable, especially in cases of manuscripts and other kind of texts in which TEI in particular shines, and having scans into a separate namespace always felt a bit like hiding them to me. The idea of having them user-toggleable seemed quite neat.
::Admittedly, it is true that it will never be as easy. TEI is inevitable much more cumbersome, difficult to learn and master, and in many cases harder to read from the source. The main workspace of editors using will most likely never be the Wikisource editor box, but rather VS Code with the &quot;Scholarly XML&quot; extension (AFAIK, most accessible widely used TEI environment), or similar software. For these reason, I emphasise that that TEI is meant for those who particularly have a lot of time and dedication at their disposal, and are willing to go through the hardships that are required to get something of academic quality. The vast majority of texts will be kept in wikitext. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 20:32, 13 March 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature, also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], has been used for wikitext syntax highlighting since November 2024. It will be promoted out of beta by May 2026 in order to bring improvements and new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Features|features]] to all editors who use the standard syntax highlighter. If you have any questions or concerns about promoting the feature out of beta, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|please share]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059]
* Some changes to local user groups are performed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and logged there only. Now, interwiki rights changes will be logged both on Meta-Wiki and the wiki of the target user to make it easier to access a full record of user's rights changes on a local wiki. Past log entries for such changes will be backfilled in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6055]
* On wikis using [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]], the number of pending changes shown on [[{{#Special:PendingChanges}}]] previously counted pages which were no longer pending review, because they have been removed from the system without being reviewed, e.g. due to being deleted, moved to a different namespace, or due to wiki configuration changes. The count will be correct now. On some wikis the number shown will be much smaller than before. There should be no change to the list of pages itself. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413016]
* Wikifunctions composition language has been rewritten, resulting in a new version of the language. This change aims to increase service stability by reducing the orchestrator's memory consumption. This rewrite also enables substantial latency reduction, code simplification, and better abstractions, which will open the door to later feature additions. Read more about [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|the changes]].
* Users can now sort search results alphabetically by page title. The update gives an additional option to finding pages more easily and quickly. Previously, results could be sorted by Edit date, Creation date, or Relevance. To use the new option, open 'Advanced Search' on the search results page and select 'Alphabetically' under 'Sorting Order'. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403775]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons from importing files from Flickr has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419263]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new special page, [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}]], has been created to list transcluded pages that are flagged as containing lint errors to help users discover them easily. The list is sorted by the number of transclusions with errors. For example: [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}/night-mode-unaware-background-color]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170874]
* Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature have been using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages, for some time now. Along with promoting CodeMirror 6 out of beta, the plan is to replace CodeEditor as the standard editor for these content models by May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|Feedback or concerns are welcome]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] JavaScript modules will soon be upgraded to CodeMirror 6. Leading up to the upgrade, loading the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.lib&lt;/code&gt; modules from gadgets and user scripts was deprecated in July 2025. The use of the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.switch&lt;/code&gt; hook was also deprecated in March 2025. Contributors can now make their scripts or gadgets compatible with CodeMirror 6. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror#Gadgets and user scripts|migration guide]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373720]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team is expanding coverage of REST API module definitions to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API/Extensions|extension APIs]]. REST API modules are groups of related endpoints that can be independently managed and versioned. Modules now exist for [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414470 GrowthExperiments] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419053 Wikifunctions] APIs. As we migrate extension APIs to this structure, documentation will move out of the main MediaWiki OpenAPI spec and REST Sandbox view, and will instead be accessible via module-specific options in the dropdown on the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox] (i.e., [[{{#Special:RestSandbox}}]], available on all wiki projects).
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] extension provides different pieces of information about the wiki where the module is being used via the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual|mw.site]] library. Starting last week, the library also provides a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.site.wikiId|way]] of accessing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Wiki ID|wiki ID]] that can be used to facilitate cross-wiki module maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146616]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.20|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|2026 Coolest Tool Award]] celebrating outstanding community tools, is now open for nominations! Nominate your favorite tool using the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/435684?lang=en nomination survey] form by 23 March 2026. For more information on privacy and data handling, please see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Coolest_Tool_Award_2026_Survey_Privacy_Statement|survey privacy statement]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:35, 16 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30260505 --&gt;

== Images for &quot;toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter&quot; are broken because of an incorrect thumbnail size ==

When trying to edit [[toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter]], all of the page images are broken. (Example: [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-872px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg Page 938], obtained from the &quot;Image&quot; tab at the top of [[Page:Toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter.pdf/938]])

It looks like this is because the images are using 872px as the thumbnail size. Setting the size of the thumbnail manually in the URL to 960px (or any of the other sizes listed [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Common_thumbnail_sizes here]) fixes the issue ([https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-960px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg fixed URL for page 938]).

Is there a way for the default thumbnail size be changed to something other than 872px so the images show up properly in the editor?

Thanks in advance.

[[User:Tymewalk|Tymewalk]] ([[User talk:Tymewalk|talk]]) 03:47, 19 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|This strikes me as a weird quirk or possible bug in ProofreadPage. I can confirm that I get the same kind of broken page image, using Firefox 148.0.2 for Windows, and the Monobook skin. I’ll see if I can force a fix by just purging some pages here and on commons, as sometimes that fixes issues with PDFHandler. Otherwise, we can try posting over to [[:mw:Project:Village Pump]] and see if anybody knows if it’s related to a known and tracked issue, or if it needs a new issue reported. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:23, 23 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikimedia site users can now log in without a password using passkeys. This is a secure method supported by fingerprint, facial recognition, or PIN. With this change, all users who opt for passwordless login will find it easier, faster, and more secure to log in to their accounts using any device. The new passkey login option currently appears as an autofill suggestion in the username field. An additional [[phab:T417120|&quot;Log in with passkey&quot; button]] will soon be available for users who have already registered a passkey. This update will improve security and user experience. The [[c:File:Passwordless_login_screencast.webm|screen recording]] demonstrates the passwordless login process step by step.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia site users can now export their notifications older than 5 years using a [[toolforge:echo-chamber|new Toolforge tool]]. This will ensure that users retain their important notifications and avoid them being lost based on the planned change to delete notifications older than 5 years, as previously announced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* Wikipedia editors in Indonesian, Thai, Turkish, and Simple English now have access to Special:PersonalDashboard. This is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Dashboard|early version of an experience]] that introduces newer editors to patrolling workflows, making it easier for them to move from making edits to participating in more advanced moderation work on their project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402647]
* The [[Special:Block]] now has two minor interface changes. Administrators can now easily perform indefinite blocks through a dedicated radio button in the expiry section. Also, choosing an indefinite expiry provides a different set of common reasons to select from, which can be changed at: [[MediaWiki:Ipbreason-indef-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401823]
* Mobile editors [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Logged-out|at several wikis]] can now see an improved logged-out edit warning, thanks to the recent updates from the Growth team. These changes released last week are part of ongoing efforts and tests to enhance [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|account creation experience on mobile]] and then increase participation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408484]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:36}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:36|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented mobile web users from seeing the block information when affected by multiple blocks has been fixed. They can now see messages of all the blocks currently affecting them when they access Wikipedia.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Images built using Toolforge will soon get the upgraded buildpacks version, bringing support for newer language versions and other upstream improvements and fixes. If you use Toolforge Build Service, review the recent [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EMYTA32EV2V5SQ2JIEOD2CL66YFIZEKV/ cloud-announce email] and update your build configuration as necessary to ensure your tools are compatible. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Toolforge/Building_container_images&amp;oldid=2392097#Buildpack_environment_upgrade_process][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380127]

* The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal] documentation wiki will shut down in June 2026. API keys created on the API Portal will continue to work normally. api.wikimedia.org endpoints will be deprecated gradually starting in July 2026. Documentation on the API Portal is moving to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.21|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is considering improvements to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|automatically generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Please check out the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Proposed solutions|proposed solutions]] and participate in the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Request for comment|request for comment]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:51, 23 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30268305 --&gt;

== Proposed changes to [[Main Page]] ==

I think we should:
#Move it to [[Wikisource:Main Page]] and
#Include some text introducing that this is a stand-alone wiki, not just a portal. I think we should explain that this wiki hosts:
#*Multilingual works
#*Works in a language with too small a corpus
#*Works that are incubating to a subdomain
#*Works that are made up of non-linguistic content
#*Works with languages that have subdomains but that won't accept a particular work for whatever reason
Thoughts on these changes? —[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''vf&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 06:20, 25 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|I think about this a lot, and I don’t have a great answer. Honestly, my ideal would be to split multi-lingual WS into mul.wikisource.org, and organize it as its own project, and make this main wikisource.org ''just'' a portal to those other sites, similar to how Wikipedia works (and by default redirecting all traffic to specific pages to the page on mul.ws). I think that would be clearer to people, including editors. However, that’s a pretty big change, and I wouldn’t move forward with it without substantial discussion both here and at individual language subdomains.
: In the meantime, I think your proposal’s points are reasonable. I don’t see a particular reason to move the main page to [[Wikisource:Main Page]], but everything else seems fine. I would also add that the main page should specifically say &quot;Welcome to Multilingual Wikisource.&quot; -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 13:01, 30 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Upcoming Wikimedia Café meetup regarding the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]] ==

{{tmbox
| image = [[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|45px]]
| type=notice
| text  = Hello! There will be a '''[[:meta:Wikimedia Café|Wikimedia Café]]''' meetup on '''Saturday, 11 April 2026 at 14:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1775916000 timestamp conversion tool]), focusing on the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]]. The featured guests will be &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:KStineRowe_(WMF) Kelsi Stine-Rowe]&lt;/span&gt; (senior manager, [[:meta:Movement Communications|Movement Communications]], Wikimedia Foundation), and &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Samwalton9_(WMF) Sam Walton] (senior product manager, [[:mw:Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools]], Wikimedia Foundation). &lt;br /&gt;

In addition to this Café session, [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration|several additional meetings regarding the Annual Plan are listed on the Collaboration page]], and you may participate on the [[:meta:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. &lt;br /&gt;

This Café meetup will be approximately two hours long. Attendees may choose to attend only for a part. Please see the Café page for more information, including [[:meta:Wikimedia Café#Signups for the April 2026 session|how to register]]. &lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]]
}}
[[User:Pine|Pine]] ([[User talk:Pine|talk]]) 05:18, 29 March 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-14 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Beta version of [[abstract:|Abstract Wikipedia]] a new Wikimedia project which is language-independent, was launched last week. The project allows communities to build Wikipedia articles in their native language, which can be readily accessed by other users in their own languages. The wiki is powered by instructions from Wikifunctions and also based on structured content from Wikidata. [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-26|Read more]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Growth team is running an A/B test to evaluate a clearer, more user-friendly message that promotes account creation on wikis. Currently when logged-out mobile users begin editing, they see a jarring warning message that can feel abrupt and discouraging. This also presents temporary account editing as the default rather than encouraging account creation. The test is running on ten Wikipedias, including Arabic, French, Spanish and German. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#2. Improve logged-out warning message (T415160)|Read more]].
* The Wikimedia Apps team is inviting feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Future of Editing on the Mobile Apps|how editing should work on the Wikipedia mobile apps]]. The discussion focuses on improving how users access editing tools when they tap &quot;Edit&quot;. This is part of a broader effort to convert readers who develop an interest in editing, to access a more user-friendly pathway to start contributing.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:45}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:45|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where citation fetching from the large newspaper archive [https://www.newspapers.com Newspapers.com] was no longer working, due to a block in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid|Citoid]] requests, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419903]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.22|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W14&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:25, 30 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30329462 --&gt;</text>
      <sha1>b7jkx7a30ayf9gy66iu1jort07jhjv4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:AllLanguages</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>30819</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1332337</id>
      <parentid>1319318</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-03-30T23:13:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Koavf</username>
        <id>4537</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Moved to a subdomain</comment>
      <origin>1332337</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="45798" sha1="mmpu4pmgi1nv47k3cud7oji8b2a39yd" xml:space="preserve">&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Template:Nowrap/styles.css&quot;/&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Template:Smaller/styles.css&quot;/&gt;&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Template:Mono/styles.css&quot;/&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autonym&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;line-height:1.5;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!--
	LATIN ALPHABET
--&gt;
&lt;!--tpn--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Abá nhe'enga|&lt;span lang=&quot;tpn&quot;&gt;Abá nhe'enga&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;tpn&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--om--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Oromo|&lt;span lang=&quot;om&quot;&gt;Afaan Oromoo&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;om&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--af--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Afrikaans|&lt;span lang=&quot;af&quot;&gt;Afrikaans&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;af&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--gsw--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[w:als:Text:Houptsyte|&lt;span lang=&quot;gsw&quot;&gt;Alemannisch&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;gsw&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!--not &quot;als&quot;, &quot;gsw&quot; is the actual code--&gt;
&lt;!--an--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Aragonés|&lt;span lang=&quot;an&quot;&gt;Aragonés&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;an&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--rup--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Armâneascâ|&lt;span lang=&quot;rup&quot;&gt;Armâneascâ&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;rup&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ast--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Asturianu|&lt;span lang=&quot;ast&quot;&gt;Asturianu&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ast&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--rop--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Kriol|&lt;span lang=&quot;rop&quot;&gt;Australian Kriol&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;rop&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ae--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Avestan|&lt;span lang=&quot;ae&quot;&gt;Avestan&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ae&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--az--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:az:Ana Səhifə|&lt;span lang=&quot;az&quot;&gt;Azərbaycanca&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;az&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--id--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:id:Halaman Utama|&lt;span lang=&quot;id&quot;&gt;Bahasa Indonesia&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;id&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ms--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Bahasa Melayu|&lt;span lang=&quot;ms&quot;&gt;Bahasa Melayu&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ms&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--bm--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Bamanankan|&lt;span lang=&quot;bm&quot;&gt;Bamanankan&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;bm&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--nan--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:zh-min-nan:Thâu-ia̍h|&lt;span lang=&quot;nan&quot;&gt;Bân-lâm-gú&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;nan&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--bjn--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Banjar|&lt;span lang=&quot;bjn&quot;&gt;Banjar&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;bjn&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ban--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:ban:|&lt;span lang=&quot;ban-latn&quot;&gt;Basa Bali&lt;/span&gt; / &lt;span lang=&quot;ban-bali&quot;&gt;ᬪᬵᬱᬩᬮᬶ&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ban&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--bew--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:bew:|&lt;span lang=&quot;ban-latn&quot;&gt;Basa Betawi&lt;/span&gt; / &lt;span lang=&quot;bew-Arab&quot;&gt;بهاس بتاوى&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;bew&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--jv--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:jv:|&lt;span lang=&quot;jv&quot;&gt;Basa Jawa&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;jv&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--min--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:min:|&lt;span lang=&quot;min&quot;&gt;Baso Minangkabau&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;min&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mad--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:mad:|&lt;span lang=&quot;mad&quot;&gt;Bhâsa Madhurâ &lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mad&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--bar--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[w:bar:Text:Start|&lt;span lang=&quot;bar&quot;&gt;Boarisch&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;bar&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--(no ISO code)--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Bolak|&lt;span lang=&quot;mis&quot;&gt;Bolak&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--bs--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:bs:Početna strana|&lt;span lang=&quot;bs&quot;&gt;Bosanski&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;bs&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--blk--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:blk:Main Page/ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ|&lt;span lang=&quot;blk&quot;&gt;ပအိုဝ်ႏ&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;blk&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--br--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:br:Degemer|&lt;span lang=&quot;br&quot;&gt;Brezhoneg&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;br&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ca--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:ca:Pàgina principal|&lt;span lang=&quot;ca&quot;&gt;Català&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ca&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--cs--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:cs:Hlavní strana|&lt;span lang=&quot;cs&quot;&gt;Čeština&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;cs&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--bem--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Chibemba|&lt;span lang=&quot;bem&quot;&gt;Chibemba&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;bem&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--sn--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/ChiShona|&lt;span lang=&quot;sn&quot;&gt;ChiShona&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;sn&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--(no ISO code)--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Chono|&lt;span lang=&quot;mis&quot;&gt;Chono&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--co--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Corsu|&lt;span lang=&quot;co&quot;&gt;Corsu&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;co&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--cy--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:cy:Hafan|&lt;span lang=&quot;cy&quot;&gt;Cymraeg&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;cy&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--dlm--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Dalmot|&lt;span lang=&quot;dlm&quot;&gt;dalmato&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;dlm&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--da--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:da:Forside|&lt;span lang=&quot;da&quot;&gt;Dansk&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;da&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--se--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Davvisámegiella|&lt;span lang=&quot;se&quot;&gt;Davvisámegiella&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;se&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--de--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:de:Hauptseite|&lt;span lang=&quot;de&quot;&gt;Deutsch&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;de&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--nv--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Diné Bizaad|&lt;span lang=&quot;nv&quot;&gt;Diné Bizaad&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;nv&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--dsb--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Dolnoserbšćina|&lt;span lang=&quot;dsb&quot;&gt;Dolnoserbšćina&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;dsb&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--et--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:et:Esileht|&lt;span lang=&quot;et&quot;&gt;Eesti&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;et&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--en--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:en:Main Page|&lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;English&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;en&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--es--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:es:Portada|&lt;span lang=&quot;es&quot;&gt;Español&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;es&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--eo--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:eo:|&lt;span lang=&quot;eo&quot;&gt;Esperanto&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;eo&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ext--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Estremeñu|&lt;span lang=&quot;ext&quot;&gt;Estremeñu&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ext&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--eu--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:eu:Azala|&lt;span lang=&quot;eu&quot;&gt;Euskara&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;eu&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--fo--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:fo:Forsíða|&lt;span lang=&quot;fo&quot;&gt;Føroyskt&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;fo&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--fr--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:fr:Wikisource:Accueil|&lt;span lang=&quot;fr&quot;&gt;Français&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;fr&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--fy--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Frysk|&lt;span lang=&quot;fy&quot;&gt;Frysk&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;fy&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--fur--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Furlan|&lt;span lang=&quot;fur&quot;&gt;Furlan&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;fur&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ga--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Gaeilge|&lt;span lang=&quot;ga&quot;&gt;Gaeilge&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ga&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--gv--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Gaelg|&lt;span lang=&quot;gv&quot;&gt;Gaelg&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;gv&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--gag--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Gagauz|&lt;span lang=&quot;gag&quot;&gt;Gagauz&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;gag&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--gd--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Gàidhlig|&lt;span lang=&quot;gd&quot;&gt;Gàidhlig&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;gd&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--gl--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:gl:Portada|&lt;span lang=&quot;gl&quot;&gt;Galego&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;gl&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--hak--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Hak-kâ-ngî|&lt;span lang=&quot;hak-latn&quot;&gt;Hak-kâ-ngî&lt;/span&gt; / &lt;span lang=&quot;hak-hant&quot;&gt;客家語&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;hak&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--arp--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Hinónoʼeitíít|&lt;span lang=&quot;arp&quot;&gt;Hinónoʼeitíít&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;arp&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--hsb--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Hornjoserbšćina|&lt;span lang=&quot;hsb&quot;&gt;Hornjoserbšćina&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;hsb&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--hr--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:hr:Glavna stranica|&lt;span lang=&quot;hr&quot;&gt;Hrvatski&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;hr&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--io--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Ido|&lt;span lang=&quot;io&quot;&gt;Ido&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;io&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ig--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Igbo|&lt;span lang=&quot;ig&quot;&gt;Igbo&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ig&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ia--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Interlingua|&lt;span lang=&quot;ia&quot;&gt;Interlingua&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ia&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ie--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Interlingue|&lt;span lang=&quot;ie&quot;&gt;Interlingue&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ie&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--xh--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/IsiXhosa|&lt;span lang=&quot;xh&quot;&gt;IsiXhosa&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;xh&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--zu--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/IsiZulu|&lt;span lang=&quot;zu&quot;&gt;IsiZulu&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;zu&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--is--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:is:Forsíða|&lt;span lang=&quot;is&quot;&gt;Íslenska&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;is&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ist--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Istriot|&lt;span lang=&quot;ist&quot;&gt;Istriota&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ist&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--it--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:it:Pagina principale|&lt;span lang=&quot;it&quot;&gt;Italiano&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;it&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--lad--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Ladino|&lt;span lang=&quot;lad&quot;&gt;Judeo-Español&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;lad&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--kaa--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Qaraqalpaqsha|&lt;span lang=&quot;kaa&quot;&gt;Karakalpak&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;kaa&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--krl--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Karjala|&lt;span lang=&quot;krl&quot;&gt;Karjala&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;krl&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--csb--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Kaszëbsczi|&lt;span lang=&quot;csb&quot;&gt;Kaszëbsczi&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;csb&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--sjk--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Kemi Sami|&lt;span lang=&quot;sjk&quot;&gt;Kemi Sami&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;sjk&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--kw--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Kernewek|&lt;span lang=&quot;kw&quot;&gt;Kernewek&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;kw&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--sw--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Kiswahili|&lt;span lang=&quot;sw&quot;&gt;Kiswahili&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;sw&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ht--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Kreyòl Ayisyen|&lt;span lang=&quot;ht&quot;&gt;Kreyòl Ayisyen&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ht&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ku--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Kurdî|&lt;span lang=&quot;ku-latn&quot;&gt;Kurdî&lt;/span&gt; / &lt;span lang=&quot;ku-arab&quot;&gt;كوردي&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ku&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ldn--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Láadan|&lt;span lang=&quot;ldn&quot;&gt;Láadan&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ldn&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--lld--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Ladin|&lt;span lang=&quot;lld&quot;&gt;Ladin&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;lld&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--lra--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Laraʼ|&lt;span lang=&quot;lra&quot;&gt;Laraʼ&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;lra&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--la--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:la:Pagina prima|&lt;span lang=&quot;la&quot;&gt;Latina&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;la&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--lv--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Latviešu|&lt;span lang=&quot;lv&quot;&gt;Latviešu&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;lv&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--les--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Lese|&lt;span lang=&quot;les&quot;&gt;Lese&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;les&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--lb--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Lëtzebuergesch|&lt;span lang=&quot;lb&quot;&gt;Lëtzebuergesch&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;lb&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--lt--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:lt:Pagrindinis puslapis|&lt;span lang=&quot;lt&quot;&gt;Lietuvių&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;lt&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--lij--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:lij:Pàgina prinçipâ|&lt;span lang=&quot;lij&quot;&gt;Ligure&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;lij&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--li--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:li:Veurblaad|&lt;span lang=&quot;li&quot;&gt;Limburgs&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;li&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ln--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Lingála|&lt;span lang=&quot;ln&quot;&gt;Lingála&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ln&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--lfn--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Lingua Franca Nova|&lt;span lang=&quot;lfn&quot;&gt;Lingua Franca Nova&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;lfn&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--liv--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Līvõ kēļ|&lt;span lang=&quot;liv&quot;&gt;Līvõ kēļ&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;liv&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--olo--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Livvikarjalan|&lt;span lang=&quot;olo&quot;&gt;Livvikarjalan&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;olo&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--jbo--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Lojban|&lt;span lang=&quot;jbo&quot;&gt;Lojban&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;jbo&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--lg--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Luganda|&lt;span lang=&quot;lg&quot;&gt;Luganda&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;lg&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--lmo--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Lumbaart|&lt;span lang=&quot;lmo&quot;&gt;Lumbaart&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;lmo&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--hu--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:hu:Kezdőlap|&lt;span lang=&quot;hu&quot;&gt;Magyar&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;hu&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mnp--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Mâing-bă̤-ngṳ̌|&lt;span lang=&quot;mnp-latn&quot;&gt;Mâing-bă̤-ngṳ̌&lt;/span&gt; / &lt;span lang=&quot;mnp-hani&quot;&gt;閩北語&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mnp&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mg--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Malagasy|&lt;span lang=&quot;mg&quot;&gt;Malagasy&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mg&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mt--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Malti|&lt;span lang=&quot;mt&quot;&gt;Malti&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mt&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mi--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Māori|&lt;span lang=&quot;mi&quot;&gt;Māori&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mi&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--arn--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Mapudungun|&lt;span lang=&quot;arn&quot;&gt;Mapudungung&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;arn&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--cdo--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄|&lt;span lang=&quot;cdo-latn&quot;&gt;Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ&lt;/span&gt; / &lt;span lang=&quot;cdo-hani&quot;&gt;閩東語&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;cdo&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mwl--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Mirandés|&lt;span lang=&quot;mwl&quot;&gt;Mirandés&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mwl&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mfe--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Morisien|&lt;span lang=&quot;mfe&quot;&gt;Morisien&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mfe&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--nah--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Nāhuatl|&lt;span lang=&quot;nah&quot;&gt;Nāhuatl&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;nah&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--nap--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:nap:Paggena prencepale|&lt;span lang=&quot;nap&quot;&gt;Napulitano&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;nap&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ng--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Ndonga|&lt;span lang=&quot;ng&quot;&gt;Ndonga&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ng&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--nl--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:nl:Hoofdpagina|&lt;span lang=&quot;nl&quot;&gt;Nederlands&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;nl&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--yrl--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Nheengatú|&lt;span lang=&quot;yrl&quot;&gt;Nheengatú&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;yrl&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--frr--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[w:frr:Text:Hoodsid|&lt;span lang=&quot;frr&quot;&gt;Nordfriisk&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;frr&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--nrn--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Norn|&lt;span lang=&quot;nrn&quot;&gt;Norn&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;nrn&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--non--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Norrœnt|&lt;span lang=&quot;non&quot;&gt;Norrœnt&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;non&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--no--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:no:Hovedside|&lt;span lang=&quot;no&quot;&gt;Norsk&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;no&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--oc--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Occitan|&lt;span lang=&quot;oc&quot;&gt;Occitan&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;oc&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mas--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Ɔl Maa|&lt;span lang=&quot;mas&quot;&gt;Ɔl Maa&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mas&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--haw--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi|&lt;span lang=&quot;haw&quot;&gt;ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;haw&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--see--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Onödowága|&lt;span lang=&quot;see&quot;&gt;Onödowága&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;see&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--uz--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/O‘zbek|&lt;span lang=&quot;uz&quot;&gt;O‘zbek&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;uz&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--pau--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Palau|&lt;span lang=&quot;pau&quot;&gt;Palau&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;pau&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--pi--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Pāḷi|&lt;span lang=&quot;pi-latn&quot;&gt;Pāḷi&lt;/span&gt; / &lt;span lang=&quot;pi-deva&quot;&gt;पाळि&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;pi&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--jam--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Patwa|&lt;span lang=&quot;jam&quot;&gt;Patwa&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;jam&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--pcd--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Picard|&lt;span lang=&quot;pcd&quot;&gt;Picard&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;pcd&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--pms--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:pms:Intrada|&lt;span lang=&quot;pms&quot;&gt;Piemontèis&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;pms&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--nds--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Plattdüütsch|&lt;span lang=&quot;nds&quot;&gt;Plattdüütsch&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;nds&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--pdt--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Plautdietsch|&lt;span lang=&quot;pdt&quot;&gt;Plautdietsch&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;pdt&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--cpx--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Pó-sing-gṳ̂|&lt;span lang=&quot;cpx-latn&quot;&gt;Pó-sing-gṳ̂&lt;/span&gt; / &lt;span lang=&quot;cpx-hant&quot;&gt;莆仙語&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;cpx&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--pl--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:pl:Strona główna|&lt;span lang=&quot;pl&quot;&gt;Polski&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;pl&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--pt--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:pt:Página principal|&lt;span lang=&quot;pt&quot;&gt;Português&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;pt&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--qxp--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Punu qhichwa|&lt;span lang=&quot;qxp&quot;&gt;Punu qhichwa&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;qxp&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--tah--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Reo Tahiti|&lt;span lang=&quot;tah&quot;&gt;Reo Tahiti&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;tah&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--pfl--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[w:pfl:Text:Hauptseite|&lt;span lang=&quot;pfl&quot;&gt;Rheifränggisch&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;pfl&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ro--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:ro:Pagina principală|&lt;span lang=&quot;ro&quot;&gt;Română&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ro&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--rm--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Rumantsch|&lt;span lang=&quot;rm&quot;&gt;Rumantsch&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;rm&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ruo--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Rumârește|&lt;span lang=&quot;ruo&quot;&gt;Rumârește&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ruo&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--qu--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Runa Simi|&lt;span lang=&quot;qu&quot;&gt;Runa Simi&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;qu&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--osx--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Sahsisk|&lt;span lang=&quot;osx&quot;&gt;Sahsisk&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;osx&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--slr--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Salırça|&lt;span lang=&quot;slr&quot;&gt;Salırça&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;slr&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--sc--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Sardu|&lt;span lang=&quot;sc&quot;&gt;Sardu&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;sc&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--sco--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:en:Portal:Scots language|&lt;span lang=&quot;sco&quot;&gt;Scots&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;sco&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--stq--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Seeltersk|&lt;span lang=&quot;stq&quot;&gt;Seeltersk&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;stq&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--sq--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Shqip|&lt;span lang=&quot;sq&quot;&gt;Shqip&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;sq&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--scn--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Sicilianu|&lt;span lang=&quot;scn&quot;&gt;Sicilianu&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;scn&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--sk--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:sk:Hlavná stránka|&lt;span lang=&quot;sk&quot;&gt;Slovenčina&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;sk&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--sl--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:sl:Glavna stran|&lt;span lang=&quot;sl&quot;&gt;Slovenščina&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;sl&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--so--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Somali|&lt;span lang=&quot;so&quot;&gt;Somali&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;so&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--sh--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Srpskohrvatski|&lt;span lang=&quot;sh&quot;&gt;Srpskohrvatski&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;sh&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--suk--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Sukuma|&lt;span lang=&quot;suk&quot;&gt;Sukuma&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;suk&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--su--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:su:Tepas|&lt;span lang=&quot;su&quot;&gt;Sunda&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;su&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--fi--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:fi:Etusivu|&lt;span lang=&quot;fi&quot;&gt;Suomi&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;fi&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--sv--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:sv:Wikisource:Huvudsida|&lt;span lang=&quot;sv&quot;&gt;Svenska&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;sv&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--tl--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Tagalog|&lt;span lang=&quot;tl&quot;&gt;Tagalog&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;tl&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--tet--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Tetun|&lt;span lang=&quot;tet&quot;&gt;Tetun&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;tet&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--vi--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:vi:Trang Chính|&lt;span lang=&quot;vi&quot;&gt;Tiếng Việt&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;vi&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--tjm--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Timucua|&lt;span lang=&quot;tjm&quot;&gt;Timucua&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;tjm&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--tok--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/toki pona|&lt;span lang=&quot;tok&quot;&gt;toki pona&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;tok&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--tr--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:tr:Ana Sayfa|&lt;span lang=&quot;tr&quot;&gt;Türkçe&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;tr&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--(no ISO code)--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Tutonish|&lt;span lang=&quot;mis&quot;&gt;Tutonish&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--vec--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:vec:Pajina prinsipałe|&lt;span lang=&quot;vec&quot;&gt;Vèneto&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;vec&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--vep--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Vepsän kel'|&lt;span lang=&quot;vep&quot;&gt;Vepsän kel'&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;vep&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--vo--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Volapük|&lt;span lang=&quot;vo&quot;&gt;Volapük&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;vo&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--wa--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:wa:Wikisourd:Mwaisse pådje|&lt;span lang=&quot;wa&quot;&gt;Walon&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;wa&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--pox--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Wenska rec|&lt;span lang=&quot;pox&quot;&gt;Wenska rec&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;pox&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--wym--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Wymysöryś|&lt;span lang=&quot;wym&quot;&gt;Wymysöryś&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;wym&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--diq--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Zazaki|&lt;span lang=&quot;diq&quot;&gt;Zazaki&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;diq&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--
	CYRILLIC ALPHABET
--&gt;
&lt;!--ab--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Аҧсуа|&lt;span lang=&quot;ab&quot;&gt;Аҧсуа&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ab&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ady--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Адыгабзэ|&lt;span lang=&quot;ady&quot;&gt;Адыгабзэ&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ady&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ba--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Башҡортса|&lt;span lang=&quot;ba&quot;&gt;Башҡортса&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ba&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--be--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:be:Галоўная старонка|&lt;span lang=&quot;be&quot;&gt;Беларуская&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;be&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--bg--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:bg:Начална страница|&lt;span lang=&quot;bg&quot;&gt;Български&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;bg&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--kk--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Қазақша|&lt;span lang=&quot;kk&quot;&gt;Қазақша&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;kk&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--sjd--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Кӣллт са̄мь кӣлл|&lt;span lang=&quot;sjd&quot;&gt;Кӣллт са̄мь кӣлл&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;sjd&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ky--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Кыргызча|&lt;span lang=&quot;ky&quot;&gt;Кыргызча&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ky&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mrj--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Кырык мары|&lt;span lang=&quot;mrj&quot;&gt;Кырык мары&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mrj&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--jct--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Кърымчах|&lt;span lang=&quot;jct&quot;&gt;Кърымчах&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;jct&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mk--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:mk:Главна страница|&lt;span lang=&quot;mk&quot;&gt;Македонски&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mk&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mdf--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Мокшень|&lt;span lang=&quot;mdf&quot;&gt;Мокшень&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mdf&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mn--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Нүүр хуудас|&lt;span lang=&quot;mn&quot;&gt;Монгол&lt;/span&gt; / &lt;span lang=&quot;mvf&quot;&gt;{{MongolUnicode|ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ|size=1em|lh=1em|align=left|valign=middle}}&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!-- Normally Vertical Display Direction for Mongolian Script --&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mn&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--gld--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Нанай|&lt;span lang=&quot;gld&quot;&gt;Нанай&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;gld&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mhr--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Олык марий|&lt;span lang=&quot;mhr&quot;&gt;Олык марий&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mhr&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--koi--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Перем Коми|&lt;span lang=&quot;koi&quot;&gt;Перем Коми&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;koi&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--rml--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Романы|&lt;span lang=&quot;rml&quot;&gt;Романы&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;rml&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ru--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:ru:Заглавная страница|&lt;span lang=&quot;ru&quot;&gt;Русский&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ru&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--sah--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:sah:Сүрүн сирэй|&lt;span lang=&quot;sah&quot;&gt;Сахалыы&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;sah&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--cu--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Слове́нскїй|&lt;span lang=&quot;cu-cyrs&quot;&gt;Слове́нскїй&lt;/span&gt; / &lt;span lang=&quot;cu-glag&quot;&gt;ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;cu&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--sr--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:sr:Главна страна|&lt;span lang=&quot;sr-cyrl&quot;&gt;Српски&lt;/span&gt; / &lt;span lang=&quot;sr-latn&quot;&gt;Srpski&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;sr&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--cv--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Чăваш|&lt;span lang=&quot;cv&quot;&gt;Чăваш&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;cv&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--tt--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Татарча|&lt;span lang=&quot;tt-cyrl&quot;&gt;Татарча&lt;/span&gt; / &lt;span lang=&quot;tt-latn&quot;&gt;Tatarça&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;tt&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--tg--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Тоҷикӣ|&lt;span lang=&quot;tg&quot;&gt;Тоҷикӣ&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;tg&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--udm--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Удмурт|&lt;span lang=&quot;udm&quot;&gt;Удмурт&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;udm&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--uk--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:uk:Головна стаття|&lt;span lang=&quot;uk&quot;&gt;Українська&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;uk&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--myv--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Эрзянь|&lt;span lang=&quot;myv&quot;&gt;Эрзянь&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;myv&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--
	GREEK ALPHABET
--&gt;
&lt;!--aat--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Αρbε̰ρίσ̈τε|&lt;span lang=&quot;aat&quot;&gt;Αρbε̰ρίσ̈τε&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;aat&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--grc--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Ἀρχαία ἑλληνική|&lt;span lang=&quot;grc&quot;&gt;Ἀρχαία ἑλληνική&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;grc&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--el--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:el:Κύρια Σελίδα|&lt;span lang=&quot;el&quot;&gt;Ελληνικά&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;el&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--pnt--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Ποντιακά|&lt;span lang=&quot;pnt&quot;&gt;Ποντιακά&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;pnt&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--
	OTHER LEFT-TO-RIGHT MAJOR ALPHABETS (distinct scripts, sorted by language code)
--&gt;
&lt;!--hy--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:hy:Գլխավոր Էջ|&lt;span lang=&quot;hy&quot;&gt;Հայերեն&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;hy&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--xmf--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/მარგალური|&lt;span lang=&quot;xmf&quot;&gt;მარგალური&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;xmf&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--
	OTHER LEFT-TO-RIGHT MINORITY ALPHABETS (distinct scripts, sorted by language code) - still require external font support
--&gt;
&lt;!--akk--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/𒀝𒂵𒌈|&lt;span lang=&quot;akk&quot;&gt;𒀝𒂵𒌈&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;akk&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--cop--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Ϯⲁⲥⲡⲓ ̀ⲛⲣⲉⲙ̀ⲛⲬⲏⲙⲓ|&lt;span lang=&quot;cop&quot;&gt;Ϯⲁⲥⲡⲓ ̀ⲛⲣⲉⲙ̀ⲛⲬⲏⲙⲓ&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;cop&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--got--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺|&lt;span lang=&quot;got&quot;&gt;𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;got&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--
	RIGHT-TO-LEFT ALPHABETS (distinct scripts, sorted by language code)
--&gt;
&lt;!--otk--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜𐰲𐰀|&lt;span lang=&quot;otk&quot;&gt;𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜𐰲𐰀&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;otk&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--
	INDIC ABUGIDAS (distinct scripts, sorted by language code)
--&gt;
&lt;!--anp--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/अंगिका|&lt;span lang=&quot;anp&quot;&gt;अंगिका&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;anp&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--as--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:as:বেটুপাত|&lt;span lang=&quot;as&quot;&gt;অসমীয়া&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;as&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--bho--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/भोजपुरी|&lt;span lang=&quot;bho&quot;&gt;भोजपुरी&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;bho&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--bn--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:bn:প্রধান পাতা|&lt;span lang=&quot;bn&quot;&gt;বাংলা&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;bn&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--bpy--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী|&lt;span lang=&quot;bpy&quot;&gt;বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;bpy&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--brx--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Bodo|&lt;span lang=&quot;brx&quot;&gt;बडो&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;brx&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--bo--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/བོད་སྐད་|&lt;span lang=&quot;bo&quot;&gt;བོད་སྐད་&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;bo&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--gu--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:gu:મુખપૃષ્ઠ|&lt;span lang=&quot;gu&quot;&gt;ગુજરાતી&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;gu&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--hi--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:hi:मुखपृष्ठ|&lt;span lang=&quot;hi&quot;&gt;हिन्दी&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;hi&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--km--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/ភាសាខ្មែរ|&lt;span lang=&quot;km&quot;&gt;ភាសាខ្មែរ&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;km&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--kn--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:kn:ಮುಖ್ಯ ಪುಟ|&lt;span lang=&quot;kn&quot;&gt;ಕನ್ನಡ&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;kn&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--lis--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/ꓡꓲꓢꓴ|&lt;span lang=&quot;lis&quot;&gt;ꓡꓲꓢꓴ&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;lis&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--lo--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/ລາວ|&lt;span lang=&quot;lo&quot;&gt;ລາວ&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;lo&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mag--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/मगही|&lt;span lang=&quot;mag&quot;&gt;मगही&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mag&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mai--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/मैथिली|&lt;span lang=&quot;mai&quot;&gt;मैथिली&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mai&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ml--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:ml:പ്രധാന താള്‍|&lt;span lang=&quot;ml&quot;&gt;മലയാളം&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ml&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mnw--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/ဘာသာမန်|&lt;span lang=&quot;mnw&quot;&gt;ဘာသာမန်&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mnw&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mr--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:mr:मुखपृष्ठ|&lt;span lang=&quot;mr&quot;&gt;मराठी&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mr&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ne--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/नेपाली|&lt;span lang=&quot;ne&quot;&gt;नेपाली&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ne&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--nod--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/ᨣᩤᩴᨾᩮᩬᩥᨦ|&lt;span lang=&quot;nod&quot;&gt;ᨣᩤᩴᨾᩮᩬᩥᨦ&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;nod&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--pa--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:pa:ਮੁੱਖ ਸਫ਼ਾ|&lt;span lang=&quot;pa&quot;&gt;ਪੰਜਾਬੀ&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;pa&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--sa--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:sa:मुख्यपृष्ठम्|&lt;span lang=&quot;sa&quot;&gt;संस्कृत&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;sa&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--si--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/සිංහල|&lt;span lang=&quot;si&quot;&gt;සිංහල&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;si&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--syl--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ|&lt;span lang=&quot;syl&quot;&gt;ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;syl&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ta--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:ta:முதற் பக்கம்|&lt;span lang=&quot;ta&quot;&gt;தமிழ்&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ta&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--tcy--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:tcy:|&lt;span lang=&quot;tcy&quot;&gt;ತುಳು&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;tcy&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--te--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:te:మొదటి పేజీ|&lt;span lang=&quot;te&quot;&gt;తెలుగు&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;te&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--th--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:th:หน้าหลัก|&lt;span lang=&quot;th&quot;&gt;ไทย&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;th&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--xnr--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/कांगड़ी|&lt;span lang=&quot;xnr&quot;&gt;कांगड़ी&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;xnr&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--
	SIMPLE SYLLABARIES
--&gt;
&lt;!--chr--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/ᏣᎳᎩ|&lt;span lang=&quot;chr&quot;&gt;ᏣᎳᎩ&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;chr&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--iu--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Inuktitut|&lt;span lang=&quot;iu-cans&quot;&gt;ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ&lt;/span&gt; / &lt;span lang=&quot;iu-latn&quot;&gt;Inuktitut&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;iu&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--vai--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/ꕙꔤ|&lt;span lang=&quot;vai&quot;&gt;ꕙꔤ&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;vai&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--
	SINOGRAPHIC, MONGOLIAN, TANGUT, KHITAN, JURCHEN SCRIPTS
--&gt;
&lt;!--ja--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:ja:メインページ|&lt;span lang=&quot;ja&quot;&gt;日本語&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ja&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ko--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:ko:위키문헌:대문|&lt;span lang=&quot;ko&quot;&gt;한국어&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ko&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--lzh--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/lzh|&lt;span lang=&quot;lzh&quot;&gt;文言文&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;lzh&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mnc--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ|{{MongolUnicode|ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ|lang=mnc|size=1em|lh=1em|align=left|valign=middle|style=max-height:min-content;white-space:break-spaces}} &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mnc&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!-- normally vertical--&gt;
&lt;!--ryu--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/うちなーぐち|&lt;span lang=&quot;ryu&quot;&gt;うちなーぐち&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ryu&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--sjo--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/ᠰᡞᠪᡝ ᡤᡞᠰᡠᠨ|&lt;span lang=&quot;sjo&quot;&gt;{{MongolUnicode|ᠰᡞᠪᡝ ᡤᡞᠰᡠᠨ|lang=sjo|size=1em|lh=1em|align=left|valign=middle|style=max-height:min-content;white-space:break-spaces}}&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;sjo&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!-- normally vertical--&gt;
&lt;!--txg--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/𗼇𗟲|&lt;span lang=&quot;txg&quot;&gt;𗼇𗟲&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;txg&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--yue--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/粵文|&lt;span lang=&quot;yue&quot;&gt;粵文&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;yue&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--zh--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:zh:Wikisource:首页|&lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot;&gt;中文&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;zh&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--zkt--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Khitan|&lt;span lang=&quot;zkt&quot;&gt;𘱿𘱤&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;zkt&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;&lt;!-- Khitan small script, normally vertical--&gt;
&lt;!--ain--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Ajnu itak|&lt;span lang=&quot;ain-kana&quot;&gt;アィヌ イタㇰ&lt;/span&gt; / &lt;span lang=&quot;ain-latn&quot;&gt;aynu itak&lt;/span&gt; / &lt;span lang=&quot;ain-cyrl&quot;&gt;Айну итак&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ain&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--
	HEBREW ABJAD
--&gt;
&lt;!--he--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:he:עמוד ראשי|&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot; lang=&quot;he&quot;&gt;עברית&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;he&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--yi--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:yi:הויפט זייט|&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot; lang=&quot;yi&quot;&gt;ייִדיש&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;yi&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--
	ARABIC ABJAD
--&gt;
&lt;!--ar--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:ar:الصفحة الرئيسية|&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot; lang=&quot;ar&quot;&gt;العربية&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ar&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--bal--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/بلوچی|&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot; lang=&quot;bal&quot;&gt;بلوچی&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;bal&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--fa--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[:fa:صفحه اصلی|&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot; lang=&quot;fa&quot;&gt;فارسی&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;fa&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ota--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/عثمانلوجه|&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot; lang=&quot;ota&quot;&gt;عثمانلوجه&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ota&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--pnb--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/پنجابی|&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot; lang=&quot;pnb&quot;&gt;پنجابی&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;pnb&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ps--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[لومړی مخ|&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot; lang=&quot;ps&quot;&gt;پښتو&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ps&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--sd--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[مُک صفحو|&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot; lang=&quot;sd&quot;&gt;سِنڌِي&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;sd&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--skr--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/سرائیکی|&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot; lang=&quot;skr&quot;&gt;سرائیکی&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;skr&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--ug--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/ئۇيغۇرچە|&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot; lang=&quot;ug&quot;&gt;ئۇيغۇرچە&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;ug&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--mzn--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/مازرونی|&lt;span dir=&quot;rtl&quot; lang=&quot;mzn&quot;&gt;مازرونی&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;mzn&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--
	OTHER RIGHT-TO-LEFT ABJADS
--&gt;
&lt;!--
	OLD COMPLEX SCRIPTS NEEDING SPECIAL WIKI SUPPORT (NOT FULLY ENCODED AS PLAIN-TEXT)
--&gt;
&lt;!--egy--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Ancient Egyptian|&lt;span lang=&quot;egy&quot;&gt;Ancient Egyptian&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;egy&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]] •&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--peo--&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;[[Main Page/Old Persian|&lt;span lang=&quot;peo&quot;&gt;𐎠𐎼𐎹&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;smaller&quot;&gt;(&lt;span class=&quot;monospaced&quot;&gt;peo&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;!--
	KEEP THIS AT END OF LIST
--&gt;
&lt;!-- [{{FULLURL:Template:AllLanguages|action=edit}} +/-] --&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:Templates]]
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:Sisterprojects</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>30820</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1332346</id>
      <parentid>997626</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-03-31T01:58:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Koavf</username>
        <id>4537</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>RIP</comment>
      <origin>1332346</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2419" sha1="lwt2yd8mqok3l92m5a4roz1jvajm948" xml:space="preserve">Wikisource is run by the non-profit [[w:Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia]], which operates several other [[w:Multilingual|multilingual]] and [[w:Copyrights|free-content]] projects:

{| class=&quot;plainlinks noresize&quot; style=&quot;width: 100%;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;4&quot;
|-
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|link=http://www.wiktionary.org|alt=Logo of Wiktionary]]
| '''[http://www.wiktionary.org Wiktionary]'''&lt;br /&gt;Dictionary and thesaurus
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x41px|link=http://www.wikiquote.org|alt=Logo of Wikiquote]]
| '''[http://www.wikiquote.org Wikiquote]'''&lt;br /&gt;Collection of quotations
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|link=http://www.wikibooks.org|alt=Logo of Wikibooks]]
| '''[http://www.wikibooks.org Wikibooks]'''&lt;br /&gt;Free textbooks and manuals
|-
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x41px|link=wikispecies:|alt=Logo of Wikispecies]]
| '''[[wikispecies:|Wikispecies]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Directory of species
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg|35x37px|link=http://www.wikipedia.org|alt=Logo of Wikipedia]]
| '''[http://www.wikipedia.org Wikipedia]'''&lt;br /&gt;The free encyclopedia
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|41x31px|link=http://www.wikiversity.org|alt=Logo of Wikiversity]]
| '''[http://www.wikiversity.org Wikiversity]'''&lt;br /&gt;Free learning resources
|-
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|31x41px|link=commons:|alt=Logo of Wikimedia Commons]]
| '''[[commons:|Commons]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Shared media repository
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x36px|link=d:|alt=Logo of Wikidata]]
| '''[[d:|Wikidata]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Free structured data
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikifunctions-logo.svg|41x31px|link=http://www.wikifunctions.org|alt=Logo of Wikifunctions]]
| '''[http://www.wikifunctions.org Wikifunctions]'''&lt;br /&gt;Free software functions
|-
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg|31x41px|link=m:|alt=Logo of MediaWiki]]
| '''[[mw:|MediaWiki]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Free wiki software
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x36px|link=m:|alt=Logo of Wikimedia community]]
| '''[[meta:|Meta&amp;#8209;Wiki]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Wikimedia project coordination
|}&lt;noinclude&gt;[[Category:templates|{{PAGENAME}}]]&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;includeonly&gt;[[Category:Wikimedia projects]]&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:Sisterprojects No Text</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>49716</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1332345</id>
      <parentid>1186500</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-03-31T01:57:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Koavf</username>
        <id>4537</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>RIP</comment>
      <origin>1332345</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2342" sha1="jiwu1g3b8ywolbk9a9ag0b6e8ht2frd" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;font-size: 150%;&quot;&gt;'''[[:foundationsite:|Wikimedia]]'''&lt;/div&gt;
{| class=&quot;plainlinks noresize&quot; style=&quot;margin: 0 auto;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;10&quot;
|-
| [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|link=//www.wiktionary.org|alt=Logo of Wiktionary]]
| style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; | '''[//www.wiktionary.org Wiktionary]'''
| [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x41px|link=//www.wikiquote.org|alt=Logo of Wikiquote]]
| style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; | '''[//www.wikiquote.org Wikiquote]'''
| [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|link=//www.wikibooks.org|alt=Logo of Wikibooks]]
| style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; | '''[//www.wikibooks.org Wikibooks]'''
|-
| [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x41px|link=wikispecies:|alt=Logo of Wikispecies]]
| style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; | '''[[wikispecies:|Wikispecies]]'''
| [[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg|35x37px|link=//www.wikipedia.org|alt=Logo of Wikipedia]]
| style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; | '''[//www.wikipedia.org Wikipedia]'''
| [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|41x31px|link=//www.wikiversity.org|alt=Logo of Wikiversity]]
| style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; | '''[//www.wikiversity.org Wikiversity]'''
|-
| [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|31x41px|link=//www.wikivoyage.org|alt=Logo of Wikivoyage]]
| style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; | '''[//www.wikivoyage.org Wikivoyage]'''
| [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x36px|link=m:|alt=Logo of Wikimedia community]]
| style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; | '''[[meta:|Meta&amp;#8209;Wiki]]'''
| [[File:Commons-logo.svg|31x41px|link=commons:|alt=Logo of Wikimedia Commons]]
| style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; | '''[[commons:|Commons]]'''
|-
| [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|41x31px|link=d:|alt=Logo of Wikidata]]
| style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; | '''[[d:|Wikidata]]'''
| [[File:Wikifunctions-logo.svg|41x31px|link=f:|alt=Logo of Wikifunctions]]
| style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; | '''[[f:|Wikifunctions]]'''
|[[File:MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg|41x31px|link=//www.mediawiki.org|alt=Logo of MediaWiki]]
| style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; | '''[//www.mediawiki.org/ MediaWiki]'''
|-
|[[File:Wikimania.svg|41x31px|link=//www.wikimania.org|alt=Logo of Wikimania]]
| style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; | '''[//www.wikimania.org/ Wikimania]'''
|[[File:Wikimedia-logo.svg|41x31px|link=//outreach.wikimedia.org|alt=Logo of Outreach]]
| style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot; | '''[//outreach.wikimedia.org/ Outreach]'''
|}
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;[[Category:Templates]]&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>jiwu1g3b8ywolbk9a9ag0b6e8ht2frd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Template:Sisterprojects-ban</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>238090</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1332348</id>
      <parentid>878028</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-03-31T01:59:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Koavf</username>
        <id>4537</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>RIP</comment>
      <origin>1332348</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1972" sha1="6fh818tiju0ajd4bl0tm4bc1afkkmq4" xml:space="preserve">'''&lt;big&gt;WikiPustaka&lt;/big&gt;''' (en: ''Wikisource'') inggih punika silih tunggil situs sané kawedhar olih organisasi non-profit [[w:Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimédia]], sané ngawedarang makudang-kudang proyek [[w:Multilingual|multibasa]] miwah [[w:Copyrights|konten bébas]] liyanan, inggih punika:

{| class=&quot;plainlinks noresize&quot; style=&quot;width: 100%;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;4&quot;
|-
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35px|link=http://www.wiktionary.org|alt=Logo Wiktionary]]
| '''[http://ban.wiktionary.org Wiktionary]''' &lt;br/&gt;Kamus lan thesaurus
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35px|link=http://www.wikiquote.org|alt=Logo Wikiquote]]
| '''[http://www.wikiquote.org Wikiquote]''' &lt;br/&gt;Koleksi kutipan
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35px|link=http://www.wikibooks.org|alt=Logo Wikibooks]]
| '''[http://www.wikibooks.org Wikibooks]''' &lt;br/&gt;Free textbooks and manuals
|-
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35px|link=wikispecies:|alt=Logo of Wikispecies]]
| '''[[wikispecies:|Wikispecies]]''' &lt;br/&gt;Direktori species
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.png|35px|link=http://www.wikipedia.org|alt=Logo Wikipédia]]
| '''[https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaca_Utama Wikipédia]''' &lt;br/&gt;Énsiklopédi bebas
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikiversity-logo.svg|35px|link=http://www.wikiversity.org|alt=Logo Wikiversity]]
| '''[http://www.wikiversity.org Wikiversity]''' &lt;br/&gt;Materi dan kegiatan pembelajaran gratis
|-
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|35px|link=commons:|alt=Logo of Wikimedia Commons]]
| '''[[commons:|Commons]]''' &lt;br/&gt;Repositori makejang media
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35px|link=m:|alt=Logo Wikimedia community]]
| '''[[meta:|Meta&amp;#8209;Wiki]]''' &lt;br/&gt;Koordinasi proyek Wikimedia
|}&lt;noinclude&gt;[[Category:templates|{{PAGENAME}}]][[Category:ᬪᬵᬱᬩᬮᬶ|Sisterprojects]]&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>6fh818tiju0ajd4bl0tm4bc1afkkmq4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:BabelStone</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>260293</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1332344</id>
      <parentid>1331957</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-03-31T00:57:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jlhwung</username>
        <id>285754</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Maybe unencoded characters */ 文苑英華829 - 865</comment>
      <origin>1332344</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="377362" sha1="3nt7oemma3eyrs1bitnr6bfz29aaysd" xml:space="preserve">{{Notice|1=This page is primarily used to discuss unencoded CJKV characters used in texts on Wikisource projects. If you encounter an unencoded character in a text that you are transcribing or proofing for Wikisource then you are very welcome to discuss it here (please link to the Wikisource text it is found in, and to an image or pdf of the original source). However, this is not the right venue to discuss random unencoded characters or character variants from sources that are not digitized on Wikisource. [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 09:34, 29 April 2021 (UTC) }}

== Character Requests for BabelStone Han font==

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+ Character Requests for BabelStone Han
|-
! Character !! Used in !! Status
|-
| U+31D3A 𱴺 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-312001037509-281179_%E5%85%A9%E6%BC%A2%E9%87%91%E7%9F%B3%E8%A8%98_%E7%AC%AC10%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=10 《兩漢金石記》（清乾隆刊本）卷16 folio 7b] || {{tick}}
|-
| U+290F0 𩃰 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_18262652_%E5%8C%97%E9%BD%8A%E6%9B%B8_v.8.pdf&amp;page=31 《北齊書》（明萬曆北監本）卷46 folio 3a]（霶𩃰）|| {{tick}}
|-
| U+328D5 (WS2021-01579) ⿰扌輩 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47731540$189i 《保定府志》（清康熙刊本）卷6 folio 5a]（撬⿰扌輩以爲垣） || {{tick}}
|-
| U+2B20A 𫈊 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC403-312001065083-72152_%E9%AB%98%E9%99%BD%E7%B8%A3%E8%AA%8C_%E6%B8%85%E9%9B%8D%E6%AD%A38%E5%B9%B4(1730)_%E5%8D%B7%E5%9B%9B.pdf&amp;page=23 《高陽縣志》（清雍正刊本）卷4 folio 23a](長子之𫈊……弟之⿱艹𬈶) || {{tick}}
|-
| U+31223 𱈣 || [https://www.loc.gov/resource/lcnclscd.2011457034.1A116/?sp=28&amp;st=image&amp;r=0.417,0.098,0.278,0.232,0 《畿輔通志》(清雍正刊本) 卷116 folio 27b](𩾝𱈣) || {{tick}}
|-
| U+290F8 𩃸 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AGGZBCK171_%E6%B7%B8%E9%81%A0%E7%B8%A3%E5%BF%97_%E9%99%BD%E5%B1%B1%E7%B8%A3%E5%BF%97_%E9%80%A3%E5%B7%9E%E5%BF%97.pdf&amp;page=83 《清遠縣志》（清乾隆刊本）卷13 詩 folio 48a](帝子䨇旌雲𩃸𩃸，石榴五色錦叢叢) || {{tick}}
|-
| U+24A79 𤩹 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC403-312001069794-98788_%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E7%B8%A3%E8%AA%8C_%E6%B8%85%E4%B9%BE%E9%9A%8640%E5%B9%B4(1775)_%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%89.pdf&amp;page=23 《太平縣志》（清乾隆刊本）卷3 folio 22a](尉𤩹峪), variant of ⿱辟山 || {{tick}}
|-
| U+26AEC 𦫬 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005669-99818_%E8%B7%AF%E5%8F%B2_%E7%AC%AC9%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=36 《路史》（明嘉靖刊本）國名紀乙 folio 2b](重𦫬氏) || {{tick}}
|-
| U+32813 (WS2021-01350) ⿰忄屋 || [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012303&amp;imageId=8582499 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷661 folio 4a](奉規於惟⿰忄屋，遵命於指蹤) || {{tick}}
|} 

The latest beta release of [https://github.com/babelstone/babelstonehan-ufo/releases BabelStone Han] supports the characters with green tick status.

== Archived Discussions ==

* [[User_talk:BabelStone/Archive|Archive]] : Archive of characters unified or not suitable for encoding
* [[User_talk:BabelStone/Archive_2017|Archive 2017]] : Archive of characters encoded via WS2017
* [[User_talk:BabelStone/Archive_2021|Archive 2021]] : Archive of characters considered for WS2021
* [[User_talk:BabelStone/Archive_2024|Archive 2024]] : Archive of characters submitted for WS2024

== Maybe unencoded characters ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+ Maybe-unencoded Characters
|-
! IDS !! Evidence !! Status !! PUA
|-
| ⿰火⿱日隹 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494747$20i 江西通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 47 R L1, [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428489761$21i 西江志（清康熙刊本）] juan 55 R L1, [https://rmda.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/libraries/uv-wrapper/uv.php?archive=metadata_manifest&amp;id=RB00008729#?c=0&amp;m=0&amp;s=0&amp;cv=587&amp;xywh=-196%2C-145%2C3413%2C2379 江西通志（清康熙刊本）] juan 13 folio 49 L-5; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%BB%BA%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%97_(%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC)/%E5%8D%B736 福建通志（四庫全書）] juan 36 has 燿, see also [[wikipedia:zh:戴燿]] || || EC7C
|-
| ⿰與阝 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494771$37i 江西通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 50 R L7, [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428489656$80i 西江志（清康熙刊本）] juan 47 R L7, [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CADAL02050892_%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%97%EF%BC%88%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80%EF%BC%89.djvu?page=102 江西通志（明嘉靖刊本）] juan 11 pp. 102 has 𨞾 || || EAC8
|-
| ⿰日示 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494787$29i 江西通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 51 R L4, [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CADAL02050907_%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%97%EF%BC%88%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%EF%BC%89.djvu?page=210 江西通志（明嘉靖刊本）] has 𡊆 || || EFD8
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| ⿰冫仲 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494787$34i 江西通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 51 R L-1, [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CADAL02050912_%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%97%EF%BC%88%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80%EF%BC%89.djvu?page=135 江西通志（明嘉靖刊本）] has 浺 || || EFDC
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| ⿰彳⿱幺月* || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494804$70i 江西通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 53 R L-4, [https://rmda.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/libraries/uv-wrapper/uv.php?archive=metadata_manifest&amp;id=RB00008729#?c=0&amp;m=0&amp;s=0&amp;cv=1146&amp;xywh=301%2C-350%2C2560%2C2860 江西通志（清康熙刊本）] juan 21 folio 29 L-3, [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CADAL02050887_%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%97%EF%BC%88%E5%85%AD%EF%BC%89.djvu?page=100 江西通志（明嘉靖刊本）] has 胤, [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50163366$1507i 南昌府志（清乾隆刊本）] juan 38 folio 25 has 允. error form of 𦙍? || || EFE0
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| ⿱⿱⿴𦥑同冖山 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494804$76i 江西通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 53 R L-4, [https://rmda.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/libraries/uv-wrapper/uv.php?archive=metadata_manifest&amp;id=RB00008729#?c=0&amp;m=0&amp;s=0&amp;cv=1155&amp;xywh=1221%2C994%2C770%2C860 江西通志（清康熙刊本）] juan 21 folio 38 R L-1, not found in 江西通志（明嘉靖刊本）, similar to 嶨 || || EFE1
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| ⿰日⿳日⿲仌丨仌亏* || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495246$32i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷93 folio 4a] L6, L7; [http://www.koreanhistory.or.kr/newchar/list_view.jsp?code=161687 KC-08434]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494996$48i 江西通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 75 R L-5, L L2 (⿰日⿳日⿲仌丨仌丂); [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495086$11i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷70 folio 10a] L1 (⿰日⿳日⿲仌丨仌丂) || || EFE7
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| ⿰羽愛 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495027$19i 江西通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 77 R L-4, [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495513$47i 江西通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 142 R L-4 has 翪 || || EFE8
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| ⿸广𣪞* || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495046$53i 江西通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 80 L L-3, [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428121010$21i 宋史（明萬曆刊本）] juan 455 folio 4 L6 has 廄 || || EFE9
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| ⿰𤣩⿳丿𭁨木 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495211$28i 江西通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 103 R L-4/L-3/L-2, [https://rmda.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/libraries/uv-wrapper/uv.php?archive=metadata_manifest&amp;id=RB00008729#?c=0&amp;m=0&amp;s=0&amp;cv=2366&amp;xywh=-1%2C-557%2C3072%2C3160 江西通志（清康熙刊本）] juan 42 folio 56 L5/L6/L7, [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072196 袁州府志（清康熙刊本）] juan 13 folio 40 L-3 has 𭫢, [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072208 萬載縣志（清雍正刊本）] juan 11 folio 66 L2 has 𭫢, [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_402&amp;fid=0181001935 《夷堅志》（中華書局，1981年）] pp. 527 has 𤩰, similar to 𤪒 || || EFED
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| ⿰賛刂　|| [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495225$51i 江西通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 106 L L6, [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/DAS/meta/listPhoto?LANG=default&amp;BID=F1000000000000096074&amp;ID=M2016090816470054474&amp;TYPE=&amp;NO= 十國春秋] juan 29 R L-3 has 劗; [https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=insource%3A%2F%5C%7B%5C%7BSKchar%5C%7C2703%2F&amp;title=Special%3A%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2&amp;ns0=1&amp;ns102=1&amp;ns104=1&amp;ns106=1&amp;ns114=1 other unverified evidences] || || EFEE
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| ⿸𠂆？　|| [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495225$54i 江西通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 106 R L-4, [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001082488 福建通志（民國刊本）]物產志 卷2 folio 16; alternative form of 𤓰/𠇊 ? || || EFEF
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| ⿰木𩲅 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495562$38i 江西通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 149 R L3, potentially unifiable to 櫆 (ucv: 𩲅/魁). || || EFF9
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| ⿰釒衘 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495628$52i 江西通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 162 L L1, L2, [https://rmda.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/libraries/uv-wrapper/uv.php?archive=metadata_manifest&amp;id=RB00008729#?c=0&amp;m=0&amp;s=0&amp;cv=2145&amp;xywh=-1%2C-226%2C3072%2C2499 江西通志（清康熙刊本）] juan 38 L L-1, potentially unifiable to 䥏 (ucv: 衘/御). || || EFFB
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| ⿰⿱𢆸止斤* || [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&amp;file=89290&amp;page=97 龍龕手鑑]L8；[https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&amp;file=88947&amp;page=69#box(72,892,2,0) 古逸叢書本廣韻]L10；[https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&amp;file=18574&amp;page=39 重訂直音篇]L1；章太炎全集第一冊《膏蘭室札記》 ,P175 L6, 上海人民出版社, 1982；另見[http://zisea.com/zscontent.asp?uni=089029 字海] 及[https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/variants/rbt/word_attribute.rbt?quote_code=QTAxNzU4LTAwNw#62 教育部異體字字典]A01758-022|| || E434
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| ⿺辶𠁅 || [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&amp;file=89290&amp;page=377 龍龕手鑑]L3；另見[http://zisea.com/zscontent.asp?uni=064835 字海] 及[https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/variants/rbt/word_attribute.rbt?quote_code=QTA0MTkw#22 教育部異體字字典]A04190-001 A similar form can be found in [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&amp;file=77967&amp;page=91#box(698,952,70,68) 幽憂子集]|| || E435
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| ⿱山鬱 || 河源縣志（清乾隆刊本） juan 15 folio 2 R L2; 河源縣志（清同治刊本） juan 15 folio 2 R L2; 河源縣志（清康熙刊本） juan 7 folio 38 R L5 (⿱山欝) || || EA42 and EA43
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| ⿱山𠎤* || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img.pdf/4468496 湖廣通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 7 (pp18) folio 15 L-4, [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50876926$285i 湖廣通志（明嘉靖刊本）] juan 10 folio 37 L7, see also ⿱山龠 in [[User talk:BabelStone/Archive 2021]] || || EFFD
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| ⿰氵𭗾 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img.pdf/4442042 湖廣通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 14 (pp29) folio 27 L-4, similar 𭰔/𣳺 || || EFC2
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| ⿺鼠畱 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img.pdf/4468501 湖廣通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 18 (pp49) folio 80 L6, L7; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50918132$1491i 雲南通志（清乾隆刊本）卷24 folio 16]; similar 䶉 || *WS2027 || EFC4
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| ⿺辶𦮔 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img.pdf/4442897 湖廣通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 19 (pp7) folio 5 L6, [https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=insource%3A%2F%5C%7B%5C%7BSKchar%5C%7C3751%5C%7D&amp;title=Special%3A%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2&amp;profile=advanced&amp;fulltext=1&amp;searchengineselect=mediawiki&amp;ns0=1&amp;ns102=1&amp;ns106=1&amp;ns114=1 other unverified evidences], similar 蓬 (+VS22) || || EFC5
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| ⿸𠩵金 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428231765$10i 明史（清乾隆武英殿刊本）] juan 119 folio 8 L-5, [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=en&amp;file=52135&amp;page=106 湖廣通志（四庫全書本）] juan 52 folio 52 L4, [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img.pdf/4444630 湖廣通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 52 folio 36 L-2 has 𨬑, cognate with 𨬑, radical is 金 || || EFAC
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| ⿰虫爭 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4470926 湖廣通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 83 (pp39) folio 37 L5; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=GBZX0301012998 黃鵠山志（清同治刊本）] 卷5 folio 2 gives 崢 || || EF98 (E518)
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| ⿳士冖⿱处木 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img.pdf/4470932 湖廣通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 85 (pp34) folio 31 L5; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Sibu_Congkan2027-%E8%98%87%E5%A4%A9%E7%88%B5-%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%9D%E6%96%87%E9%A1%9E-20-12.djvu/127 國朝文類（四部叢刊景上海涵芬樓藏元刊本）卷41 folio 63b]; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Sibu_Congkan1503-%E5%AE%8B%E6%BF%82-%E5%AE%8B%E5%AD%B8%E5%A3%AB%E6%96%87%E9%9B%86-14-02.djvu/86 宋學士文集（四部叢刊景侯官李氏觀槿齋藏明正德刊本）卷5 folio 18a]; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Sibu_Congkan0808-%E7%8E%8B%E7%A6%B9%E5%81%81-%E5%B0%8F%E7%95%9C%E5%A4%96%E9%9B%86%E6%AE%98%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%B7-1-1.djvu/7 小畜外集殘七卷（四部叢刊景江南圖書館藏景宋寫本）]; variant of 𡒩 || || EF9B
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| ⿰㫺攵 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img.pdf/4471737 湖廣通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 99 (pp8) folio 5 L-4, [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=en&amp;file=79575&amp;page=115 後漢書武英殿本] juan 91 has 散; [http://pmgs.kongfz.com/detail/3_1020112 魏元虔墓誌銘（拓本）]; variant of 散&lt;ref&gt;[https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/variants/rbt/word_attribute.rbt?quote_code=QTAxNzM0 教育部異體字字典 A01734]&lt;/ref&gt; || || ED01
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| ⿲氵𡭽乕 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4472533 湖廣通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 110 ([https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/acv/auto_conversion/conv/jp2pdf?ID=M2019050810210048477&amp;p=10 pp10]) folio 7 L-4, [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49932766$2680i 湖廣通志（清康熙刊本）] juan 69 folio 8 L7, variant of 𭳳? || || ED05
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| ⿰言八 ||《睡虎地秦墓竹简》（文物出版社，1978年）pp. 21; 《睡虎地秦墓竹簡》（文物出版社，1990年）pp. 15; [http://www.mebag.com/index/main/list.asp?key3=s149-030&amp;key4=entry other references] || *WS2027 || EF60
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| ⿱艹曆	|| 《睡虎地秦墓竹简》（文物出版社，1978年）pp. 28; [http://www.mebag.com/index/main/list.asp?key3=s149-030&amp;key4=entry other references]	|| *WS2027 || EF62
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| ⿸尸彖 || 《睡虎地秦墓竹简》（文物出版社，1978年）pp. 36, 37; [http://www.mebag.com/index/main/list.asp?key3=s044-007&amp;key4=entry other references] || *WS2027 || EF63
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| ⿰𧾷⿱夅夂* || 《睡虎地秦墓竹简》（文物出版社，1978年）pp. 60, 61; [http://www.mebag.com/index/main/list.asp?key3=s157-001&amp;key4=entry other references] || *WS2027 || EF64
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| ⿱𦭳𦐇 || 《睡虎地秦墓竹简》（文物出版社，1978年）pp. 64; [http://www.mebag.com/index/main/list.asp?key3=s140-037&amp;key4=entry other references] || *WS2027 || EF65
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| ⿰木奪 || 《睡虎地秦墓竹简》（文物出版社，1978年）pp. 83; [http://www.mebag.com/index/main/list.asp?key3=s075-041&amp;key4=entry other references] || *WS2027 || EF66
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| ⿱罒𦄀	|| 《睡虎地秦墓竹簡》（文物出版社，1990年）pp. 62, similar to 羈; [http://www.mebag.com/index/main/list.asp?key3=s122-002&amp;key4=entry other references] || *WS2027 || EF67
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| ⿰⿳土八大攵 || 《睡虎地秦墓竹简》（文物出版社，1978年）pp. 106, 107; [http://www.mebag.com/index/main/list.asp?key3=s066-023&amp;key4=entry other references] || *WS2027 || EF68
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| ⿰負⿱夅夂 || 《睡虎地秦墓竹简》（文物出版社，1978年）pp. 61; 《睡虎地秦墓竹簡》（文物出版社，1990年）pp. 72; [http://www.mebag.com/index/main/list.asp?key3=s154-146&amp;key4=entry other references] || *WS2027 || EF69
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| ⿸广圭 || 《睡虎地秦墓竹简》（文物出版社，1978年）pp. 163; [http://www.mebag.com/index/main/list.asp?key3=s053-007&amp;key4=entry other references] || *WS2027 || EF6A
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| ⿱髟甾 || 《睡虎地秦墓竹简》（文物出版社，1978年）pp. 257, 258; [http://www.mebag.com/index/main/list.asp?key3=s190-001&amp;key4=entry other references] || *WS2027 || EF6B
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| ⿰⿱火衣刂 || 《睡虎地秦墓竹简》（文物出版社，1978年）pp. 265, 266; [http://www.mebag.com/index/main/list.asp?key3=s018-011&amp;key4=entry other references] || *WS2027 || EF6C
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| ⿱淲言 || 《睡虎地秦墓竹简》（文物出版社，1978年）pp. 265; [http://www.mebag.com/index/main/list.asp?key3=s149-031&amp;key4=entry other references] || *WS2027 || EF6D
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| ⿱莊糸 || 《睡虎地秦墓竹简》（文物出版社，1978年）pp. 271; [http://www.mebag.com/index/main/list.asp?key3=s120-039&amp;key4=entry other references] || *WS2027 || EF6E
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| ⿰咅血 || 《睡虎地秦墓竹简》（文物出版社，1978年）pp. 274; [http://www.mebag.com/index/main/list.asp?key3=s143-001&amp;key4=entry other references] || *WS2027 || EF6F
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| ⿱宄𧘇 || 《睡虎地秦墓竹简》（文物出版社，1978年）pp. 285, 286; [http://www.mebag.com/index/main/list.asp?key3=s040-028&amp;key4=entry other references] || *WS2027 || EF70
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| ⿱頃山	|| 《睡虎地秦墓竹简》（文物出版社，1978年）pp. 291, similar to 𪩌; [http://www.mebag.com/index/main/list.asp?key3=s046-006&amp;key4=entry other references] || *WS2027 || EF71
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| ⿴囗久 || 《睡虎地秦墓竹简》（文物出版社，1978年）pp. 291, 292; [http://www.mebag.com/index/main/list.asp?key3=s031-002&amp;key4=entry other references] || *WS2027 || EF72
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| ⿰石竜 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=412000000310 廣西通志（清雍正刊本）] (pp49) juan 12 folio 15 L6 || || ED09
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| ⿳士冖弓* || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=412000000310 廣西通志（清雍正刊本）] (pp67) juan 15 folio 66 L3 (⿳士冖亐), [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001079139 鎭安府志（清乾隆刊本）] (pp19) juan 2 folio 19 R L-3 || || ED0A
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| ⿰礻巂 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=412000000310 廣西通志（清雍正刊本）] (pp51) juan 74 folio 26 L7 || || ED16
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| ⿰𤣩𤔫 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=412000000310 廣西通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 101 folio 8; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50913961$387i 貴州通志（清乾隆刊本）卷17 folio 39b] L6; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494690$41i 陝西通志（清雍正刊乾隆補修本）卷35 folio 40a] L-1; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=412000000131 河南通志（清雍正刊本）] juan 59 folio 22; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47720842$4490i 畿輔通志（清雍正刊本）卷117 folio 15b] L-1; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428469348$11i 江南通志（清乾隆刊本）卷29 folio 10a] L-4; evidence 1-3 has ⿰𤣩⿳爫旧⿱罒又, normalize to ⿰𤣩𤔫, [https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=insource%3A%2F%5C%7B%5C%7BSKchar%5C%7C3353&amp;title=Special:%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2&amp;profile=advanced&amp;fulltext=1&amp;searchengineselect=mediawiki&amp;ns0=1&amp;ns102=1&amp;ns106=1&amp;ns114=1 other unverified evidences], semantic variant of 瓊 || || ED1B
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| ⿳亠⿴𦥑同冚 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4280592 浙江通志（清乾隆刊本）]卷22 folio 23, similar to 亹 || || ED23
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| ⿱執石 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4280593 浙江通志（清乾隆刊本）]卷24 folio 5; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3A%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98%E7%9B%AE%E5%8F%A2%E6%9B%B8%E5%8F%B2%E9%83%A8200%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=370 紹興府志（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 9a] L6 has ⿱執瓦; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50681675$119i 紹興府志（清康熙22年刊本）卷2 folio 10b] L-2 has ⿱執瓦; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50659012$450i 紹興府志（清乾隆刊本）卷7 folio 16] L2 has 甃; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50782533$135i 餘姚志（清乾隆刊本）卷6 folio 3] has 甓; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Sibu_Congkan0939-%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%89%E7%9F%B3-%E8%87%A8%E5%B7%9D%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F%E6%96%87%E9%9B%86-20-16.djvu/124 王安石《桂陽新城記》「其木甓瓦石之材」] || pending more evidences || ED24
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| ⿰訁耴 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4281345 浙江通志（清乾隆刊本）]卷52 folio 31; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495886$76i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷214 folio 18]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495336$32i 江西通志（清雍正刊本）卷121 folio 31a] L4; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428469420$57i 江南通志（清乾隆刊本）卷41 folio 26a] L7; [https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=insource%3A%2FSKchar%5C%7C3671%2F&amp;title=Special%3A%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2&amp;profile=advanced&amp;fulltext=1&amp;searchengineselect=mediawiki&amp;ns0=1&amp;ns102=1&amp;ns104=1&amp;ns106=1&amp;ns114=1 other unverified evidences]; semantic variant of 諏 || || ED2B
|-
| ⿰氵𤲅 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4282104 浙江通志（清乾隆刊本）]卷98 folio 7; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4282103 浙江通志（清乾隆刊本）]卷93 folio 9 has 淹, [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50659012$1192i 紹興府志（清乾隆刊本）卷21 folio 30] has 淹 || || ED32
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| ⿱名心 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4282114 浙江通志（清乾隆刊本）]卷127 folio 11; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=0864 常山縣志（明萬曆刊本）]卷10 folio 7; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001074502 常山縣志（清道光刊本）]卷7 選舉 folio 6 has 㤩, similar to 㤩 || || ED44
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| ⿰亻䮍 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4282114 浙江通志（清乾隆刊本）]卷127 folio 21; similar to 㒟 || || ED47
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| ⿰木𨽻	|| [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4282114 浙江通志（清乾隆刊本）]卷128 folio 6; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:11733416$132i 寧波府志（明嘉靖刊本）]卷3 folio 29 has 𪴛, propose UCV 𨽻/隸 || || ED49
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| ⿰礻孫 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=411999018707 金華府志（明萬曆刊本）]卷18 folio 14; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001073049 道光東陽縣志（1914 年，東陽商務石印公司）]卷13 folio 9; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4282879 浙江通志（清乾隆刊本）]卷129 folio 13 (pp15) has ⿰衤孫, similar to 槂 || || ED4E/ ED4F
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| ⿱⿱⿴𦥑同冖土 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4282893 浙江通志（清乾隆刊本）]卷164 folio 20; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=411999004807 兩浙名賢錄（明天啓刊本）]卷7 folio 65; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ACADAL06058257_%E5%BB%BA%E7%82%8E%E4%BB%A5%E4%BE%86%E7%B9%AB%E5%B9%B4%E8%A6%81%E9%8C%84%C2%B7%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%80%E7%99%BE%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83~%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%80%E7%99%BE%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D.djvu&amp;page=60 建炎以來繫年要録（文淵閣四庫全書本）卷138 folio 1], [https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=insource%3A%2F%5C%7B%5C%7BSKchar%5C%7C2808&amp;title=Special:%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2&amp;profile=advanced&amp;fulltext=1&amp;searchengineselect=mediawiki&amp;ns0=1&amp;ns102=1&amp;ns106=1&amp;ns114=1 other unverified evidences], similar to 壆 || || ED58
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| ⿰氵⿱夂缶 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4285293 浙江通志（清乾隆刊本）]卷251 folio 32; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ACADAL02056388_%E5%A4%A9%E9%A6%99%E6%A8%93%E5%81%B6%E5%BE%97.djvu&amp;page=2 天香樓偶得] gives his name as 湰, similar to 湰, potentially unifiable || || ED5E
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| ⿱艹滯 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4285303 浙江通志（清乾隆刊本）]卷269 folio 26 L1 (pp28), [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:SBL055_%E5%92%B8%E6%B7%B3%E8%87%A8%E5%AE%89%E5%BF%97.pdf&amp;page=2021 咸淳臨安志（宋咸淳刊本）卷94 folio 7] has 蔕, misprint of 蔕 || || ED6A
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| ⿰土𡩴 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001070130 霍邱縣志（清光緒刊本）]卷1 輿地志5 folio 4; Evidence 1 gives ⿰土⿳宀⿴𠂊冫𠙻, unifiable to ⿰土𡩴 by UCV #295, propose UCV 𡩴/窰 || || ED80
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| ⿰土窰 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=412000013828 鳳陽府志（清康熙刊本）]卷5 folio 29; Evidence 1 gives ⿰土⿳穴⿴𠂊冫𠙻, unifiable to ⿰土窰 by UCV #295, propose UCV 𡩴/窰 || || ED81
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| ⿰釒剿 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428469731$7i 江南通志（清乾隆元年刊本）卷97 folio 6] || || ED8C
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| ⿱冏皿	|| [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428472873$35i 江南通志（清乾隆元年刊本）卷120 folio 33]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASBL056_%E9%87%8D%E4%BF%AE%E6%AF%97%E9%99%B5%E5%BF%97.pdf&amp;page=100 重修毗陵志（宋咸淳刊本）卷11 folio 25]; similar to 𥁰; propose UCV 囧/冏 || || 
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| ⿱⿰牙攵金　|| [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=412000000131 河南通志（清雍正刊本）]卷34 folio 20; similar to 鍪 || || EDA5
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| ⿰𤣩⿸厂炎 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=412000000131 河南通志（清雍正刊本）]卷37 folio 67; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49839056$2856i 四川通志（清乾隆刊本）卷36 folio 54] has 琰; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001063282 郾城縣志（清乾隆刊本）]卷10 folio 19 has ⿰𤣩受 (see below); variant of 𤥙. (variance example: 鋄/𨪘/錽/𨧴) || pending more evidences || EDAA
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| ⿰𤣩受 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49058591$313i 郾城縣志（清乾隆刊本）卷10 folio 19b]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:481126815$35i 郾城縣志（民國刊本）11:34a]; variant of 𤥙 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰氵⿱亠品* || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=412000000131 河南通志（清雍正刊本）]卷47 folio 4; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001059933 寧陵縣志（清康熙刊本）]卷8 folio 24; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001066375 考城縣志（清康熙刊本）]卷2 folio 46; [http://www.kanripo.org/text/KR2k0047/047#29b 河南通志（文淵閣四庫全書本）卷47] folio 29 has 𣻙; similar to 𣻙, propose ⿱亠品/⿱𠂉品 ucv || || EDAD
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| ⿰牜互	|| [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=412000000131 河南通志（清雍正刊本）]卷73 folio 34; 固始縣志（日本藏中國罕見地方志叢刊景清順治刊本）卷10 folio 21; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001069896 固始縣志（康熙三十二年刊本）]卷12 folio 56; similar to 𤙆 || || EDB7
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| ⿰山胡 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428489722$23i 陝西通志（清雍正刊乾隆補修本）卷7 folio 22]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428489796$51i 陝西通志（清雍正刊乾隆補修本）卷11 folio 49] has 湖; [https://map.baidu.com/search/%E9%A9%AC%E6%B9%96%E5%B3%AA/@12249213.431298718,4539845.434712086,12.78z 马湖峪] || Pending more evidences || EDBC
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| ⿰山忩 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=411999002441 長安志（明嘉靖刊本）]卷下 folio 261; similar to ⿰山悤 || || EDBF
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| ⿰目⿳日⿻𠈌丨丂 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428493280$15i 陝西通志（清雍正刊乾隆補修本）卷20 folio 13] L5; misprint of ⿰日𣋓 || || EDC1
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| ⿱冖𦔳 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494628$12i 陝西通志（清雍正刊乾隆補修本）卷31 folio 10]; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=0796 延安府志（明弘治刊本）]卷2 folio 4 has 朂; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=GBZX0301013106 陝西通志（明嘉靖刊本）]卷30 folio 53 has 朂; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49641088$577i 延安府志（清康熙刊本）卷7 folio 16] has ⿱日𦔮; similar to 冣 || || EDC4
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| ⿱日𦔮 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49641088$577i 延安府志（清康熙刊本）卷7 folio 16]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-292-0086_%E9%96%A9%E6%9B%B813.pdf&amp;page=129 閩書（明崇禎刊本）卷46 folio 37] || || EDC5
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| ⿰彳𪀩 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494838$34i 陝西通志（清雍正刊乾隆補修本）卷44 folio 31a] L-4; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49641078$457i 西安府志（清乾隆刊本）卷18 folio 20a] L-3; [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=en&amp;file=80650&amp;page=153 太平御覽（四部叢刊中華學藝社借照日本帝室圖書寮京都東福寺東京靜嘉堂文庫藏宋刊本）卷921 folio 7b] has 𫹏; variant of 𪂄/𪁛 || || EEBD
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| ⿺鼠臭 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494838$47i 陝西通志（清雍正刊乾隆補修本）卷44 folio 44b] L3; [https://www.loc.gov/resource/lcnclscd.2012402161.1A051/?sp=50&amp;st=image&amp;r=0.054,0.014,0.694,0.579,0 本草綱目（明萬曆刊本）卷51 folio 56a] has 鼳; variant of 鼳 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿹䎼土 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494838$48i 陝西通志（清雍正刊乾隆補修本）卷44 folio 45b] L2; [https://www.loc.gov/resource/lcnclscd.2012402161.1A043/?sp=25&amp;st=image&amp;r=0.033,0.248,0.292,0.244,0 本草綱目（明萬曆刊本）卷43 folio 23a] L-2 has 䎼; variant of 䎼 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰忄𡒃 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=GBZX0301013743 上虞縣志（明萬曆刊本）]卷2 folio 20a L5; variant of 嶴? || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰扌𨶒 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494852$31i 陝西通志（清雍正刊乾隆補修本）卷45 folio 29b] L8; [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1011220&amp;imageId=7235665 《新修絫音引證群籍玉篇》（金刊本）卷6手部 folio 35a](⿰扌⿵門滔、⿰扌𨶒，二音鹽，屋⿰扌𨶒也); [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012419&amp;imageId=8813252 《改併五音類聚四聲篇》（明成化十年內府刊本）卷12 folio 20a](⿰扌𨵻、⿰扌𨶒，二音𨶒，屋⿰扌𨵻也); variant of 𢸴 || U+22E34 + VS18 || 
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| ⿰扌𨵻 || [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012419&amp;imageId=8813252 《改併五音類聚四聲篇》（明成化十年內府刊本）卷12 folio 20a](⿰扌𨵻、⿰扌𨶒，二音𨶒，屋⿰扌𨵻也); variant of 𢸴 || U+22E34 + VS19 ||
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| ⿰扌⿵門滔 || [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1011220&amp;imageId=7235665 《新修絫音引證群籍玉篇》（金刊本）卷6手部 folio 35a](⿰扌⿵門滔、⿰扌𨶒，二音鹽，屋⿰扌𨶒也) || pending more evidences || E0D3
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| ⿱䠙土 || [https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/2545619?tocOpened=1 處州府志（明成化刊本）]卷11 folio 16a (pp20) L-4; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=411999011731 處州府志（明崇禎刊本）]卷2 folio 120b L3 gives 䠙 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰阝我 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495378$45i 陝西通志（清雍正刊乾隆補修本）卷78 folio 44a] L-2; [https://books.google.ca/books?id=AbD20kOLb-IC&amp;pg=PP943&amp;lpg=PP943&amp;dq=%E8%88%87%E8%AB%B1%E5%92%8C%E4%B8%89%E6%9C%88%E8%AB%B1%E7%8E%87%E7%9C%BE%E8%BB%8D%E9%80%B2%E6%93%9A&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=UUso_OAFLl&amp;sig=ACfU3U0dAN2i1HUIwU0y0R6bPdi77V-O2g&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjUnZa5gbv4AhXZKs0KHb9fAgoQ6AF6BAgYEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=%E8%88%87%E8%AB%B1%E5%92%8C%E4%B8%89%E6%9C%88%E8%AB%B1%E7%8E%87%E7%9C%BE%E8%BB%8D%E9%80%B2%E6%93%9A&amp;f=false 宋書（明崇禎汲古閣刊本）卷78 folio 2a] has 峨|| pending more evidences || 
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| ⿱北鳥 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:51667560$690i 觧脫集（明萬曆書種堂刊本）卷3 folio 10b] L6; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:51667568$769i 梨雲館類定袁中郎全集（明天啓崇禎刊本）卷14 folio 31a] L2 (⿱⿰扌匕鳥); related: ⿱扎鳥/𪀻 || pending more evidences || 
|-
| ⿱山平 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=411999016182 康對山先生集（明萬曆10年刊本）] 卷2 folio 1b L-1; [https://www.cns11643.gov.tw/wordView.jsp?ID=746592 TB-6864] || *WS2027 || E4FE
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| ⿰木寋 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495544$37i 陝西通志（清雍正刊乾隆補修本）卷89 folio 35b] L7; similar to 𣟯? || || 
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| ⿱兹廾 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495556$3i 陝西通志（清雍正刊乾隆補修本）卷90 folio 1b] L6; [https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1403240/rubbing-of-shimen-song-石門頌-rubbing-unknown/ modern rubbing inscription] gives 𦿔 || || 
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| ⿰氵糜 || [http://www.kanripo.org/text/KR2k0050/095#17a 陝西通志（文淵閣本）卷95 folio 17a]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495618$12i 陝西通志（清雍正刊乾隆補修本）卷95 folio 10b] has 𤃰 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰木譽	|| [http://www.kanripo.org/text/KR2k0052/039#67b 四川通志（清文淵閣四庫全書本）卷39 folio 67]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49839056$3090i 四川通志（清乾隆刊本）卷39 folio 60] has 檐; variant of 𣚞; [http://sillok.history.go.kr/mc/id/msilok_015_0100_0280 明實錄（中央研究院歷史語言研究所1962年刊本）明穆宗實錄校勘記 p. 255] || pending clearer evidences || EDD6
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| ⿱比舟	|| [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49839056$3174i 四川通志（清乾隆刊本）卷40 folio 62b]; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4759514 四川總志（清康熙刊本）卷36書 folio 92b](p. 97); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999011689-20202_%E8%A3%9C%E7%BA%8C%E5%85%A8%E8%9C%80%E7%A7%87%E6%96%87%E5%BF%97_%E7%AC%AC10%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=77 補續全蜀藝文志（明萬曆刊本）卷26 folio 32b] has 歬; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:48640102$2479i 皇明文徵（明崇禎刊本）卷55 folio 37] has 前; error of 歬 || pending more evidences || EDE0
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| ⿱𥫗賓 || [[:zh:京塵雜錄/1]]（[https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&amp;file=105967&amp;page=24 京塵雜錄（光緒同文書局本）]p.24-L4; [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&amp;file=159152&amp;page=11 京塵雜錄（上海進步書局本）]p.11-L5）|| Encode || EDE6
|-
| ⿰土⿳㐭口丄 ;&lt;br&gt;⿰土⿳𠂉囬旦 || [[:zh:廣州遊覽小記]]（[https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&amp;file=127392&amp;page=123 廣州遊覽小記（帶經堂集本）]p.123-L6 ; [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&amp;file=127392&amp;page=123 廣州遊覽小記（帶經堂集本）]p.123-L7）; both a variant of 壇 || || 
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| ⿰糸⿱ス土 ;&lt;br&gt;⿰糸⿱平一 || [[:zh:廣州遊覽小記]]（[https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&amp;file=127392&amp;page=124 廣州遊覽小記（帶經堂集本）]p.124-L5 ; [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&amp;file=127392&amp;page=125 廣州遊覽小記（帶經堂集本）]p.125-L2）; both a variant of 經 ; also 國語辭典 p. 529 || || EDE9
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| ⿰?⿳二罒心 || [[:zh:廣州遊覽小記]]（[https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&amp;file=127392&amp;page=124 廣州遊覽小記（帶經堂集本）]p.124-L7）; seems like with a 彳, a variant of 德 ? || || 
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| ⿱丷丁 || [[:zh:廣州遊覽小記]]（[https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&amp;file=127392&amp;page=129 廣州遊覽小記（帶經堂集本）]p.129-L4）; a variant of 兮 ; also 國語辭典 p. 608 || || EDE8
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| ⿰忄⿳十罒⿱一𧘇 || [[:zh:廣州遊覽小記]]（[https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&amp;file=127392&amp;page=132 廣州遊覽小記（帶經堂集本）]p.132-L10）, [https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/variants/rbt/word_attribute.rbt?educode=A01457-006 A01457-006]; a variant of 懷 || || 
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| ⿰忄飛 || [http://fig.lib.harvard.edu/fig/?bib=007490589 江寧府志（清嘉慶刊本）]卷32 folio 11, may be misprint of ⿰巾飛 || pending more evidences || EDFD
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| ⿱日太 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50918132$1487i 雲南通志（清乾隆刊本）卷24 folio 11]; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001084576 雲南通志稿（清道光刊本）卷134 folio 29] has 旲 || pending more evidences || EDFE
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| ⿰山𡾔 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=GBZX0301013052 雲南通志（明隆慶刊本）] 卷14 folio 24; similar to 㠥 || || EE02
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| ⿱棥𠚍 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=GBZX0301013052 雲南通志（明隆慶刊本）] 卷14 folio 24; similar to 鬰 || || EE03
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| ⿱𥝢⿸厂牛 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50918132$833i 雲南通志（清乾隆刊本）卷16 folio 58]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:22145516$522i 弇山堂别集（明萬曆十八年刊本）卷22 folio 13, 14]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:51598419$641i 弇州山人四部稿（明萬曆刊本）卷18 folio 5]; [https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=insource%3A%2F%5C%7B%5C%7BSKchar%5C%7C3450%5C%7D%5C%7D%2F&amp;title=Special:%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2&amp;profile=advanced&amp;fulltext=1&amp;searchengineselect=mediawiki&amp;ns0=1&amp;ns104=1&amp;ns106=1 other evidences]; similar to 犂; [https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%AD%A3%E7%8A%9B 胡季犛]; Evidence 1 has ⿱𥝢厈, we think it is unifiable to ⿱𥝢⿸厂牛 as is shown in evidence 2 and 3 || || EE04
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| ⿰采隶 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:48425022$1029i 山東通志（清乾隆刊本）卷11之6 folio 16]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:48429251$376i 兗州府志（清乾隆刊本）卷9 folio 14] || || EE07
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| ⿰籴聿 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=411999005640 陋巷志（明正德刊本）]卷2 folio 1 || pending more evidences || EE09
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| ⿰木龠 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:48425022$2215i 山東通志（清乾隆刊本）卷25之1 folio 57]; [http://www.koreanhistory.or.kr/newchar/list_view.jsp?code=160116 KC-10534]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495133$86i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷78 folio 33a] L8; For 山東通志: [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%BB%A3%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%97_(%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC)/%E5%8D%B7032 湖廣通志 (四庫全書本)/卷032] has 禴, [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001070511 臨清州志（清康熙刊本）卷1 職官15 folio 4] has 禴; [[wikipedia:zh:周弘禴]]; For 山西通志: [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428496100$59i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷230 folio 58a] has 禴; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072763 山西通志（清光緒刊本）]卷12 folio 10a has 禴; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img.pdf/3876055 山東通志（明嘉靖刊本）卷10 folio 23] pp.25 has 禴; [http://sillok.history.go.kr/mc/id/msilok_008_1910_0010_0010_0150_0050 明武宗實錄卷191] has 禴; misprint of 禴; 《蒙古字韻》（British Library Or. 6972）下十五 || pending better evidences || F456
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| ⿰木匵 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:48425022$2446i 山東通志（清乾隆刊本）卷27 folio 112]; similar to 櫝, derived from 匵 || || EE12
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| ⿰土𡍏 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:48425022$3347i 山東通志（清乾隆刊本）卷35之2 folio 23]; [https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/variants/rbt/word_attribute.rbt?educode=B00552-001 B00552-001] similar to 堙 || || EE16
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| ⿰氵勢 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:48425022$3368i 山東通志（清乾隆刊本）卷35之2 folio 44]; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=411999022695 敬軒薛先生文集（明弘治刊本）]卷1 folio 1 has 勢; derived from 勢; [https://www.cns11643.gov.tw/wordView.jsp?ID=744750 TB-6114] || || EE17
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| ⿰骨塟 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:48425022$3538i 山東通志（清乾隆刊本）卷35之7 folio 93]; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Sibu_Congkan2017-%E8%98%87%E5%A4%A9%E7%88%B5-%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%9D%E6%96%87%E9%A1%9E-20-02.djvu/127 國朝文類（四部叢刊景上海涵芬樓藏元刊本）卷5 folio 17]; [https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=insource%3A%2F%5C%7B%5C%7BSKchar%5C%7C3861&amp;title=Special:%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2&amp;profile=advanced&amp;fulltext=1&amp;searchengineselect=mediawiki&amp;ns0=1&amp;ns102=1&amp;ns104=1&amp;ns106=1&amp;ns114=1 other unverified evidences]; [https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/variants/rbt/word_attribute.rbt?educode=A04664-005 A04664-005]; variant of 髒 || || EE19
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| ⿰口扈 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:48425022$3264i 山東通志（清乾隆刊本）卷35之19 folio 48]; [https://books.google.com/books?id=22QsAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PP430&amp;lpg=PP430&amp;dq=%E9%9F%93%E8%8E%8A%E6%96%B0%E6%B2%B3%E8%A8%98&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=4Vd0wIhn9S&amp;sig=ACfU3U0zLY3MoAIiqtinu_DRS-wJpIVFDA&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiMjoLbzZn1AhXNB80KHfftDhUQ6AF6BAgIEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=%E9%9F%93%E8%8E%8A%E6%96%B0%E6%B2%B3%E8%A8%98&amp;f=false 江北運程（清咸豐刊本）卷24 folio 9]; misprint of ⿰阝扈 || pending better evidences || EE25
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| ⿱日遂 || [http://kanji.zinbun.kyoto-u.ac.jp/db-machine/toho/html/B1360005.html?big?46 廣東通志（明嘉靖三十九年刊本）卷9 folio 43]; [https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/2545762?tocOpened=1 肇慶府志（明崇禎刊本）]卷4 folio 22; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001077730 肇慶府志（清光緒重刊道光刊本）]卷11 folio 45; related: [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/?find=UK-20879 UK-20878 ⿱日逐] || || EE29
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| ⿰糹電 || [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Sibu_Congkan_Sanbian343-%E6%9D%8E%E6%98%89-%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E5%BE%A1%E8%A6%BD-136-110.djvu/9 太平御覽（四部叢刊中華學藝社借照日本帝室圖書寮京都東福寺東京靜嘉堂文庫藏宋刊本）卷787葉4]; [https://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:FHCL:4515960?n=2468 晉書（宋刻元明遞修本）卷97葉7] has 繩, variant of 縄; related: [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/index.php?find=UK-20892 UK-20892] || || EB06
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| ⿰礻垂 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50871756$152i 海豐縣志（清乾隆刊本）卷5 folio 31]; [https://repository.lib.cuhk.edu.hk/en/islandora/object/cuhk%3A2457944 廣東通志（清道光刊本）卷79 folio 4]; [https://repository.lib.cuhk.edu.hk/en/islandora/object/cuhk%3A2233403 惠州府志（清光緒刊本）卷21 folio 38]; related: [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/index.php?find=UK-20895 UK-20895] || || EE2A
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| ⿰王冀 || 諸羅縣志, pp. 9 // 臺灣文獻史料叢刊第一輯; modern form of [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/index.php?id=02526 UK-20906]; [https://www.cns11643.gov.tw/wordView.jsp?ID=815417 TC-8125] || pending clearer evidences || EE2B
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| ⿰羽㢲 || [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=en&amp;file=118364&amp;page=26 安溪縣志（清乾隆刊本）卷5 folio 9]; variant of ⿰羽巽([https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/index.php?find=UK-20927 UK-20927]) || pending more evidences || EE31
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| ⿰日侍 || [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:%E6%B0%B8%E6%A8%82%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%B807893.pdf/20 永樂大典（明嘉靖抄本）卷7893 folio 19]; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=GBZX0301013747 八閩通志（明弘治刊本）] 卷34 folio 9; 汀州府志（明嘉靖刊本）卷11 folio 12; related: [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/?find=UK-20938 UK-20938] || || EE2C
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| ⿰王⿱攺口 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=412000014530 福建通志（清康熙刊本）] 卷23 folio 18; related: ⿰土啓 in Archive 2021 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰王啓 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001082484 重纂福建通志] 卷100 folio 12; related: ⿰土啓 in Archive 2021 || pending more evidences || EE32
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| ⿱⿰臣⿱𠂉鹵玉 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001067645 直隸代州志（清乾隆刊本）]卷3 folio 53; related: [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/?find=UK-20941 UK-20941] || pending more evidences || EE2D
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| ⿰山兾 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-292-0084_%E5%85%AB%E9%96%A9%E9%80%9A%E8%AA%8C_%E5%B7%BB52-54.pdf&amp;page=4 八閩通志（明弘治刊本）卷52 folio 3]; related: [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/index.php?find=UK-20945 UK-20945] || pending more evidences || EE2E
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| ⿰山冀 || 八閩通志. 福建人民出版社. 1991 下冊 pp 209; modern form of ⿰山兾 || pending more evidences || EE2F
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| ⿳𰀉冖⿱处木 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=GBZX0301011294 寰宇通志（明景泰刊本）]卷45 folio 28; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-292-0084_%E5%85%AB%E9%96%A9%E9%80%9A%E8%AA%8C_%E5%B7%BB46-48.pdf&amp;page=41 八閩通志（明弘治刊本）卷47 folio 5]; [https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/variants/rbt/word_attribute.rbt?educode=B01888-001 B01888-001]; 古今圖書集成文學典卷174 fol. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_636_(1700-1725).djvu/99 49L]; semantic variant of 櫜 || || EE33
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| ⿰言貪 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50816373$1584i 福州府志（清乾隆刊本）卷38 folio 59]; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=412000014530 福建通志（清康熙刊本）]卷36 folio 57; [http://opacplus.bsb-muenchen.de/title/BV040025914/ft/bsb11323798?page=1081 福建通志（清同治刊本）卷150 folio 26]; related: ⿰言𥅍([https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/?find=UK-20951 UK-20951]) || || EE34
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| ⿰氵鍳 || [http://opacplus.bsb-muenchen.de/title/BV040025914/ft/bsb11323798?page=1068 福建通志（清同治刊本）卷150 folio 33]; related: ⿰氵鑒([https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/?find=UK-20953 UK-20953]) || pending more evidences || EE35
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| ⿰車參 || [http://opacplus.bsb-muenchen.de/title/BV040025914/ft/bsb11323798?page=507 福建通志（清同治刊本）卷157 folio 42]; [http://www.koreanhistory.or.kr/newchar/list_view.jsp?code=74268 KC-04075]; modern form of ⿰車叅([https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/index.php?find=UK-20955 UK-20955]) || || EE37
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| ⿰舟參 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001076665 溫州府志（清乾隆刊本）]卷8 folio 27; [https://www.cns11643.gov.tw/wordView.jsp?ID=927575 TE-0755]; semantic variant of 𦪜 || pending clearer evidences || EE39
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| ⿰丠尼 || [[:zh:新方言/釋詞第一]]（[https://taiwanebook.ncl.edu.tw/zh-tw/book/NTUL-9910004067/reader 章太炎《新方言》（浙圖《章氏叢書》本）]p.36）; || variant of 屔 || 
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| ⿱艹𣡸 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47720842$2565i 畿輔通志（清雍正刊本）卷65 folio 52]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Harvard_drs_47731540_%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%9A%E5%BA%9C%E5%BF%97_v.17,%E5%8D%B7%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89.pdf&amp;page=19 《保定府志》（清康熙刊本）卷13 folio 16a]; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001064943 保定府志（清光緒刊本）]卷11 folio 45 has 䖇; variant of 䖇 || || EE43
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| ⿰木與 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072165 饒州府志（清康熙刊本）]卷19 folio 11; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072167 饒州府志（清同治刊本）]卷15 folio 24; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072139 德興縣志（清同治刊本）]卷7 folio 1; related: ⿰木輿 || || EE44
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| ⿰忄縈 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50158418$573i 建昌府志（清乾隆刊本）卷29 folio 37a]; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072309 同治建昌府志（清光緒刊本）]卷7解試 folio 36; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072298 南豐縣志（清同治刊本）]卷20 folio 16; related ⿰忄榮 || || EE45
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| ⿱雨池 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47720842$2870i 畿輔通志（清雍正刊本）卷72 folio 41a] L-4; variant of 𩃱 || || EE46
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| ⿱泊侖 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=311998004937 鎮原縣志（清道光刊本）]卷2 folio 16; [https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/variants/rbt/word_attribute.rbt?educode=C18387-002 C18387-002]; variant of 𦤢; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_496&amp;fid=027011104020003 another 廣韻 version] gives 𦤢; related: ⿱泊金; also UTC-00177 (kSBGY 351.48) || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰𤣩𣓨 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428474437$27i 江南通志（清乾隆刊本）卷127 folio 26a] L1; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50373034$1349i 江南通志（清康熙刊本）卷31 folio 46] has ⿰𤣩𣓨; similar to ⿰𤣩⿱囱木 (EDA2); potentially unifiable to 𤩰 || || E442
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| ⿱雨丹 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47720842$3244i 畿輔通志（清雍正刊本）卷87 folio 4b]; similar to 𩂤? || || E443
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| ⿱非山 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47720842$3373i 畿輔通志（清雍正刊本）卷89 folio 37]; similar to 𡷒? 《中华姓氏源流大辞典》(中华书局. 2014年) p. 777: ⿱非山: 汉印有～深（《铜鼓书堂藏印》）。|| || E445
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| ⿰氵𩕆 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47720842$4342i 畿輔通志（清雍正刊本）卷111 folio 15a] L4; [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924082572953&amp;seq=602 《皇朝經世文編》（清道光刊本）卷110 folio 34b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC403-312001075637-10218_%E6%B1%9F%E5%8C%97%E9%81%8B%E7%A8%8B_%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%80%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80.pdf&amp;page=47 《江北運程》（清同治刊本）卷10 folio 44b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999031706-150742_%E9%80%9A%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC6%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=15 《通雅》（清康熙刊本）] gives 𱪝; variant of 𱪝/灨 || Unify with 𱪝? || E449
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| ⿱牧⿸厂攴 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47720842$4469i 畿輔通志（清雍正刊本）卷116 folio 28a] L3; potentially unifiable with 𢿍 or 𤚓 || || E451
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| ⿰木再 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494850$33i 湖南通志（清乾隆刊本）卷81 folio 30a] L-1; [http://www.koreanhistory.or.kr/newchar/list_view.jsp?code=71935 KC-01740]; similar to 枏, related: ⿰礻南 || || E455
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| ⿱秝木 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/file/1067265 國朝獻徵錄（明萬曆刊本）]卷1 folio 25a L6, R=75 朱睦～ || || E456
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| ⿰石朶* || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494642$101i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷8 folio 48a] L1; [http://sillok.history.go.kr/imageViewer/?levelId=msilok_015_0090_3920 明世宗實錄校勘記] pp2069; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072763 山西通志（清光緒刊本）]卷29 folio 44a L-2 has 垜; variant of 垜; similar to U+2C48B 𬒋 || U+2C48B + VS18 || 
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| ⿰土甾 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494764$7i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷25 folio 5b] L1; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494764$10i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷25 folio 9a] L-5; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49563153$54i 榆社縣志（清乾隆刊本）卷1 folio 18a] L2 || || E394
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| ⿱⿰臣⿱𠂉丶黍 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494909$30i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷47]folio 1a L-1, 1b L1; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=411999010438 絳縣志（清乾隆刊本）]卷2 folio 14a; variant of 䵖 || || E397
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| ⿰火𦖠 || [http://sillok.history.go.kr/imageViewer/?levelId=msilok_015_0090_3170 明世宗實錄校勘記 p1747] || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰火䎿 || [http://sillok.history.go.kr/imageViewer/?levelId=msilok_015_0090_3170 明世宗實錄校勘記 p1747] || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿱羽土 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495022$7i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷61 folio 6a] L3; [https://www.kanripo.org/text/KR2d0008/021#1a 路史（文淵閣本）卷21 folio 16b] has 䍿 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰釒纍 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495038$30i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷63 folio 29a]; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072763 山西通志（清光緒刊本）]卷9 folio 44a has ⿰金畕; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428231639$63i 明史（武英殿本）卷101 folio 21b] has 鑘; [http://sillok.history.go.kr/mc/id/msilok_006_0050_0010_0010_0140_0020 明憲宗實錄] has 鑘; Not found: [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49204976$752i 山西通志（清康熙刊本）]; Not found: [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img.pdf/4759342 嘉靖山西通志（清順治刊本）] pp.52; || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰釒畕 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072763 山西通志（清光緒刊本）]卷9 folio 44a; misprint of 鑘 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰火冀 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495038$31i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷63 folio 30a] L2, L6; [http://sillok.history.go.kr/mc/id/msilok_009_5220_0010_0010_0110_0020 明世宗實錄] has 充熼; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072763 山西通志（清光緒刊本）]卷9 folio 45a has 充熼; [http://sillok.history.go.kr/mc/id/msilok_011_2590_0010_0010_0230_0010 明神宗實錄 卷259](英⿰火兾, another person);[http://sillok.history.go.kr/mc/id/msilok_011_2590_0010_0010_0170_0010 明神宗實錄 卷259] also gives 英熼 || || 
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| ⿰阝𭻾 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495038$62i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷64 folio 24b] L1; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005669-99767_%E8%B7%AF%E5%8F%B2_%E7%AC%AC5%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=19 路史（明嘉靖刊本）後紀卷9下 folio 6b]; [https://www.kanripo.org/text/KR2d0008/019 路史（文淵閣本）卷19 folio 8a] has 隄; [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1011220&amp;imageId=7236217 《新修絫音引證群籍玉篇》]: 「䧑，都奚切，纂文云，姓也」; variant of 䧑 || pending better evidences || 
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| ⿱棥正 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495054$78i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷66 folio 29a] L6; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001070992 絳州志（清康熙刊本）]卷2 folio 62; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001071001 直隸絳州志（清光緒刊本）卷8 folio 9] has 𢡟 || || 
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| ⿰匽殳 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495116$58i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷76 folio 25b] L5; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072763 山西通志（清光緒刊本）] 卷11 folio 16b has 毆; [https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=gb&amp;chapter=121340 《宋史·列傳115》]：「崔鶠……宣和六年，起通判寧化軍」; error of 鶠 || Not enode ||
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| ⿰釒⿳癶𠮛儿 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495294$92i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷103 folio 25a] L2; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4417150 《射史》（明崇禎刊本）卷8 folio 21b](pp46); [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1013470&amp;imageId=10768786 《雍音》（明嘉靖刊本）卷2 folio 10a](⿰釒⿳癶𠮛几); [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072763 山西通志（清光緒刊本）]卷121 folio 14a has 鐙; [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=en&amp;file=79853&amp;page=172 新唐書（武英殿刊本）列傳14 folio 12a] has 鐙; misprint of 𨮴 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰𤣩罡 || [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=en&amp;file=107786&amp;page=199 臨桂縣志（清光緒刊本）卷11 folio 32a] L-4; [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=en&amp;file=107786&amp;page=200 臨桂縣志（清光緒刊本）卷11 folio 32b] L-4; [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=en&amp;file=107786&amp;page=197 卷11 folio 31a] has 山背堽村; misprint of 堽 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰缶雲 || [http://www.kanripo.org/text/KR2k0049/122#49a 山西通志（文淵閣本）卷122 folio 49a]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495420$61i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷122 folio 30a] has 罎; variant of 罎 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰土樊 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495470$45i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷129 folio 4a] L-4; variant of 樊? || || E5F5
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| ⿰氵盃 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495542$74i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷143 folio 13a] L6; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495542$79i 卷143 folio 17b] has 滔 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰釒㚄 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49298216$1118i 平陽府志（清乾隆刊本）卷25 folio 63b] L-3; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495576$88i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷151 folio 26a] L6 (⿰釒⿳士𠕾龰); [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072763 山西通志（清光緒刊本）]卷178 folio 40a L1 (⿰釒⿳士冖足); [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001069772 直隸霍州志（清道光刊本）]卷24 folio 7a has 鍵; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:20001256$1118i 名山藏（明崇禎刊本）卷37 folio 12a] has 朱鼐鍵; similar to 鑳? || || 
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| ⿰氵𭍬 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495590$8i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷152 folio 7a] L3; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49549130$397i 長治縣志（清乾隆刊本）卷15 folio 8b] L2; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001074678 長治縣志（清康熙刊本）]卷4 folio 13 has 𭍬; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001074682 長治縣志（清光緒刊本）]卷7 folio 5 has 廁; variant of 𭱿 || || 
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| ⿱偃灬 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495590$87i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷154 folio 19b] L-3; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072763 山西通志（清光緒刊本）]卷179 folio 27a L5; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001074765 澤州府志（清雍正刊本）]卷39 folio 4a L3(⿱⿲亻丨匽灬); [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49485944$366i 鳳臺縣志（清乾隆刊本）卷10 folio 4a] L-2(⿱⿲亻丨匽灬); variant of 𤑅 || || 
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| ⿰礻⿶？隹 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img.pdf/4758940 全州志（清康熙刊本）]卷6 folio 44a (pp17) L4; ？= 𪔂 - 目; related: ⿰礻巂 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰礻雋 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img.pdf/4759701 廣西通志（清康熙刊本）]卷12 folio 78a L-2 (pp79); related: ⿰礻巂 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰氵𢆯 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495638$13i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷162 folio 12a] L8; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001074765 澤州府志（清雍正刊本）]卷50 folio 1 has 泫; [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&amp;file=79561&amp;page=40 後漢書（武英殿刊本）卷26] folio 8 has 泫; variant/taboo character of 泫 ([[zh:歷代諱字譜]]: 「𢆯……清聖祖名玄燁，諱玄，舊本書有書作𢆯……後不用。」) || || EEC1
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| ⿰𧤅攵 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495667$6i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷170 folio 4b] L-1; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49342710$136i 朔平府志（清雍正刊本）卷3 folio 43a] L3; potentially unifiable to 𣀣 || || EEC2
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| ⿰礻寺 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495677$26i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷172 folio 25a] L2; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49549130$719i 長治縣志（清乾隆刊本）卷27 folio 21b] L2; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428231654$34i 明史（武英殿刊本）卷102 folio 31b] has 㭙; || || 
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| ⿸𭆆邑 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495694$10i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷177 folio 8b] L7; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=411999005669 路史（明嘉靖刊本）v11] 國名紀丁 folio 39b; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072763 山西通志（清光緒刊本）]卷50 folio 32b L-3; variant of 𨛫 || || EEC3
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| ⿰𣻊阝 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495694$10i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷177 folio 8b] L7; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=411999005669 路史（明嘉靖刊本）v11] 國名紀丁 folio 39b; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072763 山西通志（清光緒刊本）]卷50 folio 32b L-3 has 𨟀; variant of 𨟀 || || EEC4
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| ⿰⿱匕禾籴 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495811$17i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷201 folio 15b] L-3; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=GBZX0301014859 解州全志（清乾隆刊本）]卷13 folio 11a L1 has 隸; potentially unifiable to 𥻳 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿺虎戉 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001079148 桂平縣志（1920）]卷53 folio 10; related: ⿺虎戊 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰忄欵 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495886$63i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷214 folio 5a] L5; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=412000001976 王文端公尺牘（明萬曆刊本）]序言 folio 2 has ⿰忄𣢾; variant of 𢡜 || || 
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| ⿰⿱上氺鳥 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495945$40i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷220 folio 5b] L-3 (⿰⿱上水鳥); [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=411999031766 重訂直音篇（練川明德書院明萬曆三十四年刊本）]卷6 folio 72b L3; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001074765 澤州府志（清雍正刊本）]卷47 folio 11a L3; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49485944$509i 鳳臺縣志（清乾隆刊本）卷13 folio 21a] L5; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Sibu_Congkan1974-%E5%91%82%E7%A5%96%E8%AC%99-%E7%9A%87%E6%9C%9D%E6%96%87%E9%91%91-40-05.djvu/15 皇朝文鑑（四部叢刊景宋刊本）卷6 7b] has 鴇; variant of 𮬰 || || EEC5
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| ⿳宀⿰圭圭火 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495945$54i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷220 folio 19b] L-4; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49204976$2696i 山西通志（清康熙刊本）卷32 藝文禮 folio 45] L3; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072783 太原府志（清乾隆刊本）]卷57 folio 2a L6; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49298216$1732i 平陽府志（清乾隆刊本）卷36藝文4 folio 57b] L-1; not found in 萬曆山西通志; variant of 𡫟 || || EEC6
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| ⿳雨人韭 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495945$54i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷220 folio 20a] L-4; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49204976$2696i 山西通志（清康熙刊本）卷32 藝文禮 folio 45] L-1; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072783 太原府志（清乾隆刊本）卷57 folio 2b] L6; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49298216$1733i 平陽府志（清乾隆刊本）卷36藝文4 folio 58b] L3; misprint of 𩆅? || || 
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| ⿰土⿱⿻十㸚丂 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495945$55i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷220 folio 20b] L-5; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49298216$1733i 平陽府志（清乾隆刊本）卷36藝文4 folio 59a] L-4; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49204976$2696i 山西通志（清康熙刊本）卷32 藝文禮 folio 45] L-1 has ⿰土⿱⿻十从丂; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001072783 太原府志（清乾隆刊本）卷57 folio 2b] has 神; variant of 𡑽 || || 
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| ⿰寘阝 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428496025$25i 山西通志（清雍正刊本）卷224 folio 23b] L7; variant of 𨝊/鄍 || || 
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| ⿰肜阝 || [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_060_(1700-1725).djvu/115 古今圖書集成坤輿典卷116 fol. 57L]; similar to [https://zi.tools/zi/%E2%BF%B2%E6%9C%88%E2%BF%B1%E4%B8%80%E5%8C%9A%E5%8D%A9 ⿲月⿱一匚卩]; variant of 脚 || || 
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| ⿰阝农 || [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_055_(1700-1725).djvu/16 古今圖書集成坤輿典卷47 fol. 8R top/line 1 (twice)] || U+49C7 䧇 || 
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| ⿸耂⿱丶目 || [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_706_(1700-1725).djvu/49 古今圖書集成禮儀典卷18 fol. 24L top/line 3]; badly-printed form of 者 (cf. [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=en&amp;remap=gb&amp;file=2413&amp;page=30&amp; here]) || U+8005 者 || 
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| ⿰目寺／⿰耳寺 || 古今圖書集成: [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_337_(1700-1725).djvu/65 交誼典卷77 fol. 32L M-3] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_751_(1700-1725).djvu/122 戎政典卷134 fol. 61R T-8]; corrupt form of 時? || || 
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| ⿱雨汵* || 古今圖書集成: [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_009_(1700-1725).djvu/98 乾象典卷33 fol. 49R M-22], [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_100_(1700-1725).djvu/101 職方典卷493 fol. 50L M-23], [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_680_(1700-1725).djvu/15 食貨典卷38 fol. 7L B-19] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_802_(1700-1725).djvu/24 考證職方典 fol. 12R T-3 (twice)]; variant of U+29087 𩂇 || || 
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| ⿱𢽬韭 || 古今圖書集成: [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_008_(1700-1725).djvu/18 乾象典卷13 fol. 9R T-15], 學行典卷143 fols. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_609_(1700-1725).djvu/9 4L M-14] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_609_(1700-1725).djvu/13 6L T-11], [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_609_(1700-1725).djvu/54 學行典卷148 fol. 27R M-17], 學行典卷257 fols. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_617_(1700-1725).djvu/94 47R T-20] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_617_(1700-1725).djvu/95 47L B-10] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_701_(1700-1725).djvu/113 食貨典卷323 fol. 56L T-1]; variant of 𩐋 || || 
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| ⿳亠⿵冂㕣示* || 古今圖書集成: 氏族典卷547 fols. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_380_(1700-1725).djvu/3 1L T-20 &amp; T-23 (annot.)], [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_380_(1700-1725).djvu/7 3L B-20] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_380_(1700-1725).djvu/8 4R T-23 &amp; T-24]; family name; possibly [https://zi.tools/zi/%E2%BF%B3%E4%BA%A0%E2%BF%B4%E5%9B%97%E3%95%A3%E7%A4%BA ⿳亠⿴囗㕣示]? || || 
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| ⿰衤余 || 古今圖書集成: [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_341_(1700-1725).djvu/126 氏族典卷13 fol. 63R T-20] &amp; 氏族典卷403 fols. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_370_(1700-1725).djvu/36 18R M-25], [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_370_(1700-1725).djvu/39 19L M-20 &amp; B-27] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_370_(1700-1725).djvu/40 20R T-1]; 中华姓氏源流大辞典 (2014年) p.1391: &quot;疑系𰨂（⿰礻余）姓之误&quot;; family name || || 
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| ⿱𥫗⿻乚臼* || 古今圖書集成: 氏族典卷37 fols. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_343_(1700-1725).djvu/92 46R T-10 &amp; T-13 (annot.)] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_343_(1700-1725).djvu/96 48R T-9, M-1 &amp; M-2]; [https://zi.tools/zi/%E2%BF%B1%F0%A5%AB%97%E2%BF%BB%E4%B9%9A%E8%87%BC apparently in 汉字海]; family name || || 
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| ⿱雨矜 || 古今圖書集成: 氏族典卷366 fols. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_367_(1700-1725).djvu/71 35L T-21 &amp; T-23 (annot.)], [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_367_(1700-1725).djvu/75 37L B-10] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_367_(1700-1725).djvu/76 38R T-6 &amp; T-7]; [https://zi.tools/zi/%E2%BF%B1%E9%9B%A8%E7%9F%9C 中华字海 p.1496 C10]; 中华姓氏源流大辞典 (2014年) p.1421: &quot;阴姓古文&quot;; family name || || 
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| ⿰目尋／⿰耳尋 || 古今圖書集成: 氏族典卷366 fols. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_367_(1700-1725).djvu/71 35L T-21 &amp; T-23 (annot.)], [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_367_(1700-1725).djvu/75 37L B-10 &amp; B-27] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_367_(1700-1725).djvu/76 38R T-1]; [https://zi.tools/zi/%E2%BF%B0%E7%9B%AE%E5%B0%8B apparently in 汉字海]; [https://www.cns11643.gov.tw/wordView.jsp?ID=815400 CNS11643 12-7128]; 中华姓氏源流大辞典 (2014年) p.1418: &quot;见《万姓统谱》。存疑备考&quot;; 中华千家姓氏录 (2013年) p.279; family name || || 
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| ⿳艹⿰臣鹵皿 || 古今圖書集成: 氏族典卷369 fols. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_367_(1700-1725).djvu/94 47R M-7 &amp; M-8 (annot.)] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_367_(1700-1725).djvu/101 50L B-1, B-16 &amp; B-17]; [https://zi.tools/zi/%E2%BF%B3%E8%89%B9%E2%BF%B0%E8%87%A3%E9%B9%B5%E7%9A%BF apparently in 汉字海 and 汉语俗字丛考]; family name || || 
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| ⿰鬲𠒋* || 古今圖書集成: 氏族典卷379 fols. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_368_(1700-1725).djvu/50 25R B-15 &amp; B-17 (annot.)] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_368_(1700-1725).djvu/54 27R M-19, B-1 &amp; B-2]; [https://zi.tools/zi/%E2%BF%B0%E9%AC%B2%F0%A0%92%8B apparently in 汉字海]; 中华姓氏源流大辞典 (2014年) p.1430: &quot;鬷姓之讹&quot;; family name || || 
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| ⿰鬲⿱尔又* || 古今圖書集成: 氏族典卷403 fols. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_370_(1700-1725).djvu/36 18R M-25 &amp; B-2 (annot.)], [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_370_(1700-1725).djvu/39 19L M-20] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_370_(1700-1725).djvu/40 20R T-6 &amp; T-7]; [https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/variants/rbt/word_attribute.rbt?educode=B05923-012 異體字字典 B05923-012]; family name || || 
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| ⿸尸𢆻 || 古今圖書集成: 氏族典卷403 fols. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_370_(1700-1725).djvu/37 18L T-22 &amp; T-23 (annot.)] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_370_(1700-1725).djvu/41 20L B-19, B-23 &amp; B-24] &amp; (possibly; poor photocopy) [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_341_(1700-1725).djvu/126 氏族典卷13 fol. 63R B-4]; [https://zi.tools/zi/%E2%BF%B8%E5%B0%B8%F0%A2%86%BB apparently in 汉字海]; family name || || EE6B
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| ⿰𠮮阝 || 古今圖書集成: 氏族典卷447 fols. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_373_(1700-1725).djvu/51 25L M-20 &amp; M-22 (annot.)] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_373_(1700-1725).djvu/56 28R M-20, B-16 &amp; B-17]; [https://zi.tools/zi/%E2%BF%B0%F0%A0%AE%AE%E9%98%9D apparently in 汉字海]; family name || || 
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| ⿸广舁 || 古今圖書集成: 氏族典卷457 fols. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_374_(1700-1725).djvu/22 11R B-4 &amp; B-8 (annot.)] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_374_(1700-1725).djvu/28 14R M-19, B-12 &amp; B-13]; [https://zi.tools/zi/%E2%BF%B8%E5%B9%BF%E8%88%81 apparently in 汉字海]; 中华姓氏源流大辞典 (2014年) p.269: &quot;见《万姓统谱》引《姓苑》&quot;; family name || || 
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| ⿳大罒又 || 古今圖書集成: 氏族典卷478 fols. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_375_(1700-1725).djvu/68 34R M-14 &amp; M-15 (annot.)] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_375_(1700-1725).djvu/76 38R T-1, T-9 &amp; T-10]; [https://zi.tools/zi/%E2%BF%B3%E5%A4%A7%E7%BD%92%E5%8F%88 apparently in 中华字海]; 中华姓氏源流大辞典 (2014年) p.1387: &quot;即曼姓&quot;; family name || || 
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| ⿱山眘 || 古今圖書集成: 氏族典卷476 fols. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_375_(1700-1725).djvu/53 26L B-10 &amp; B-11 (annot.)] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_375_(1700-1725).djvu/60 30R T-19, M-8 &amp; M-9]; [https://zi.tools/zi/%E2%BF%B1%E5%B1%B1%E7%9C%98 apparently in 汉字海]; 中华姓氏源流大辞典 (2014年) p.1402: &quot;俗慎字&quot;; family name || || 
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| ⿰貨阝 || 古今圖書集成: 氏族典卷500 fols. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_377_(1700-1725).djvu/2 1R B-11 &amp; B-14 (annot.)] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_377_(1700-1725).djvu/7 3L T-11, M-7 &amp; M-8]; [https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/variants/rbt/word_attribute.rbt?educode=B05200-003 異體字字典 B05200-003]; 中华姓氏源流大辞典 (2014年) p.360: &quot;见《海篇直音》&quot;; family name || || 
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| ⿰禾⿱久⿵几𥝍 || 古今圖書集成: 氏族典卷500 fols. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_377_(1700-1725).djvu/2 1R B-11 &amp; B-14], [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_377_(1700-1725).djvu/7 3L T-11, M-11 &amp; M-12] &amp; (possibly; poor photocopy) [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_342_(1700-1725).djvu/5 氏族典卷14 fol. 2L M-18]; [https://zi.tools/zi/%E2%BF%B0%E7%A6%BE%E2%BF%B1%E4%B9%85%E2%BF%B5%E5%87%A0%F0%A5%9D%8D apparently in 汉字海]; family name || || 
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| ⿰禾⿱夂𠂡* || 古今圖書集成: 氏族典卷 fols. [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_377_(1700-1725).djvu/2 1R B-11 &amp; B-14], [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_377_(1700-1725).djvu/7 3L T-11, M-9 &amp; M-10] &amp; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_342_(1700-1725).djvu/5 氏族典卷14 fol. 2L M-17]; unifiable with [https://zi.tools/zi/%E2%BF%B0%E7%A6%BE%E2%BF%B1%E5%A4%82%F0%A0%82%A1 ⿰禾⿱夂𠂡], which is [https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/variants/rbt/word_attribute.rbt?educode=A01604-019 異體字字典 A01604-019]; 中华姓氏源流大辞典 (2014年) p.1404: &quot;即授姓，古授字&quot; (other variants listed: ⿰禾⿵𠘨𣎶, ⿰禾⿱父𠂡, ⿰禾⿱父⿵𠘨龶, ⿰禾⿱父⿵𠘨𣎶, [https://zi.tools/zi/%E2%BF%B0%E7%A6%BE%E2%BF%B1%E7%88%B6%E9%A2%A8?secondary=ids&amp;seq=%E2%BF%B0%E7%A6%BE%E2%BF%B1%E7%88%B6%E9%A2%A8 ⿰禾⿱父風]); family name || || 
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| ⿰山噩 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=GBZX0301011294 寰宇通志（明景泰刊本）]卷32 folio 23a L6; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img.pdf/3902667 宋史（朝鮮刊本）]卷236 folio 20b (pp23) L1 gives 𡓐, brother 墫夫; misprint of 𡓐 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰衤商 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49780685$1924i 甘肅通志（清乾隆刊本）卷34 folio 22a] L1, L3; [https://books.google.com/books?id=HgcsAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PP164 蘭州府志（清道光刊本）卷9 folio 24b] L-2 has 𥛚; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=311998004898 甘肅新通志（清光緒刊本）]卷64 folio 9a has 𥛚 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿱艹贏 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49780685$2579i 甘肅通志（清乾隆刊本）卷46 folio 21a] L6; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=412004000339 後漢書（宋白鷺洲書院刊本）]列傳78 folio 33b has 籝; misprint of 籯 || pending more evidences || 
|-
| ⿰山臭 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47717917$212i 盛京通志（清乾隆44年刊本）卷5 folio 36a] L8C4; [https://www.kanripo.org/text/KR4f0001/187#1a 聖祖仁皇帝御製文集（文淵閣抄本）第二集卷48 folio 11a] has 㠗 || pending more evidences || 
|-
| ⿰豸欠 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47717917$3158i 盛京通志（清乾隆44年刊本）卷100 folio 14a] L5C29; [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&amp;file=79597&amp;page=166 三國志 魏志（清乾隆武英殿刊本）] has 狖; misprint of 貁/豽 || pending more evidences || 
|-
| ⿰氵刑 || [https://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/2545616 處州府志（明成化刊本）卷5 folio 31b] L2C3; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4757911 青田縣志（清康熙刊本）]卷8 folio 12a (p13) L1C5; folio 43b (p45) L9C3; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001074603 處州府志（清雍正刊本）卷9 folio 44a] L4C3; variant of ⿰氵邢 || || 
|-
| ⿱軌木 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47717917$3317i 盛京通志（清乾隆44年刊本）卷106 folio 22b] L3C7; misprint of 檕 || pending more evidences || 
|-
| ⿰滔欠 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47717917$3561i 盛京通志（清乾隆44年刊本）卷115 folio 8a] L2C18; misprint of 𣽌? || || 
|-
| ⿱胍鳥 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47717917$3561i 盛京通志（清乾隆44年刊本）卷115 folio 8a] L8C15; misprint of 𪃻? || || 
|-
| ⿰目焱 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47717917$3562i 盛京通志（清乾隆44年刊本）卷115 folio 8b] L2C13; variant of 䁭? || || 
|-
| ⿰山⿸户乞 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47717917$3562i 盛京通志（清乾隆44年刊本）卷115 folio 9a] L4C9; misprint of 𡶃? || || 
|-
| ⿳𠔿冖土 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428499158$103i 三才圖會（明崇禎刊本）卷地理8 folio 47a] L8C21; variant of 璺? || pending more evidences || 
|-
| ⿱宀㡠 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47717917$3614i 盛京通志（清乾隆44年刊本）卷116 folio 26a]; variant of 㡧 || || EECD
|-
| ⿰車四 || [http://www.kanripo.org/text/KR2k0040/116#46a 盛京通志（清文淵閣抄本）卷116 folio 46a]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47717917$3630i 盛京通志（清乾隆44年刊本）卷116 folio 41b] L6C5 has 駟 || pending more evidences || 
|-
| ⿸厂具 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47717917$3668i 盛京通志（清乾隆44年刊本）卷117 folio 19b] L9C7; variant of 𠩠? || || EECE
|-
| ⿳艹厶心 || [http://www.kanripo.org/text/KR2k0040/120#44a 盛京通志（清文淵閣抄本）卷120 folio 44a]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47717917$3781i 盛京通志（清乾隆44年刊本）卷120 folio 38b] has 䓗; variant of 䓗 || pending more evidences || 
|-
| ⿱⿰白舌心 || [http://www.kanripo.org/text/KR2k0040/128#20b 盛京通志（清文淵閣抄本）卷128 folio 20b]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47717917$4072i 盛京通志（清乾隆44年刊本）卷128 folio 18a] has 憩; [https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/variants/rbt/word_attribute.rbt?educode=A01444-012 A01444-012]; variant of 𢠾/𭞍 || pending more evidences || 
|-
| ⿰丰工 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47717917$4072i 盛京通志（清乾隆44年刊本）卷128 folio 18a] L8C5 || || EECF
|-
| ⿳𰀉冖侵 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47717917$4073i 盛京通志（清乾隆44年刊本）卷128 folio 18b] L8C13; variant of 蘉 || ||
|-
| ⿰火𦾓 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495239$47i 江西通志（清雍正刊本）卷108 folio 12a] L3C17 (⿰火𦻏); [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428494632$48i 西江志（清康熙刊本）卷108 folio 11a] has 𤍞 || || E377
|-
| ⿰亻⿱羽止 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4763807 錢塘縣志（明萬曆刊本）]卷9 folio 3a (pp20) L3; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4760836 杭州府志（清康熙刊本）]卷39 folio 2b (pp4) L2C1; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50779120$1323i 錢塘縣志（清康熙刊本）卷34 folio 3a] L4C5; related: ⿰亻𰙩/⿰亻翌 || || E378
|-
| ⿱艹叏 || [[:zh:新方言/釋植物第九]]（[https://taiwanebook.ncl.edu.tw/zh-tw/book/NTUL-9910004068/reader 章太炎《新方言》（浙圖《章氏叢書》本）]p.91）, variant of 芵 || || E379
|-
| ⿰木𢑴 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4285303 浙江通志（清乾隆刊本）]卷269 folio 26a (pp27) L8C11; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50648593$3221i 浙江通志（清康熙刊本）卷46 folio 10b] L-1; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50779120$1328i 錢塘縣志（清康熙刊本）卷34 folio 8a] L5 has 㰘; potentially unifiable variant of 㰘 || pending more evidences || E37B
|-
| ⿱亠𮖄 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=411999018699 杭州府志（明萬曆刊本）]卷93 folio 7a L-2; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4763807 錢塘縣志（明萬曆刊本）]卷9 folio 8a (pp25) L-1; variant of 裛 || || E380
|-
| ⿰豕𥯦 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4763807 錢塘縣志（明萬曆刊本）]卷9 folio 8b (pp26) L4; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4760836 杭州府志（清康熙刊本）]卷39 folio 7a (pp8) L7; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50779120$1328i 錢塘縣志（清康熙刊本）卷34 folio 8a] L-1; misprint of 𧲌 || || E381
|-
| ⿰豕建 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50112311$1276i 御定歷代賦彙（清康熙刊本）卷37 folio 16a] L4; misprint of 𧲌 || pending more evidences || E382
|-
| ⿰羽取 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50798875$4521i 福建通志（清乾隆刊本）卷75 folio 11a] L3C28 ; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:51598419$275i 弇州山人四部稿（明萬曆刊本）卷1 folio 5b] L7C6; variant of 䎎 || || E383
|-
| ⿱𫂁巾 || [https://rbook.ncl.edu.tw/NCLSearch/Search/SearchDetail?item=4f070142db744a99b5cd7b47a1eddbdffDQzODM00&amp;page=&amp;whereString=&amp;sourceWhereString=&amp;SourceID=0&amp;HasImage= 臨川吳文正公集（明成化刊本）]卷21 folio 26a (p853) L6; related to ⿱宀幕 || pending more evidences || E385
|-
| ⿰釒𧙘 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img.pdf/4753082 汝寧府志（清康熙34年刊本）卷7] folio 81b (pp86) L5; variant of ⿰釒袌 || || E389
|-
| ⿰尹阝 || [[:zh:童蒙先習]]（[https://kyudb.snu.ac.kr/book/view.do?book_cd=GK01534_00 《童蒙先習》]→“디지털 원문자료 제공” p.0004-L1 looks like a variant of 「那」（because this hanja character is used as Gugyeol to represent 「나」（according to the sound）; also [[:ko:중간노걸대언해]]; also [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=en&amp;remap=gb&amp;file=80608&amp;page=82 太平御覽 582:3a]; previously submitted for [https://appsrv.cse.cuhk.edu.hk/~irg/irg/extc/IRGN1111_CJK_C1_V41_E41-401-503.pdf Ext. C1] as TC-2D55 || || F049
|-
| ⿱流食 || [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_403&amp;fid=312001079134 上思州志（清道光刊本）][https://new.shuge.org/meet/reply/75899/ 卷2 folio 4a]; misprint of 鎏/瑬 || pending more evidences || E38A
|-
| ⿰舟⿱𠘧工 || [[:zh:日本國聞見條件]]（[https://kyudb.snu.ac.kr/book/text.do?book_cd=GK02575_00 《日本國聞見條件》]→“디지털 원문자료 제공” p.015a-L7）a variant of 「船」, see also [https://www.koreanhistory.or.kr/newchar/list_view.jsp?code=73723 韓國歷史情報統合系統] || || E33E
|-
| ⿱𥫗廣 || ''Handbook of the Swatow vernacular'' (Singapore, 1886) [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Handbook_of_the_Swatow_vernacular.djvu/91 p. 75] || || E306
|-
| ⿸戶馬 || ''Handbook of the Swatow vernacular'' (Singapore, 1886) [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Handbook_of_the_Swatow_vernacular.djvu/220 p. 32] || || E309
|-
| ⿰口𭃶 || ''A Chinese and English vocabulary, in the Tie-chiu dialect'' (Shanghai, 1888) [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:A_Chinese_and_English_vocabulary,_in_the_Tie-chiu_dialect.djvu/205 p. 189] || || E30C
|-
| ⿰口鎻 || ''A Chinese and English vocabulary, in the Tie-chiu dialect'' (Shanghai, 1888) [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:A_Chinese_and_English_vocabulary,_in_the_Tie-chiu_dialect.djvu/205 p. 189] || || E30D
|-
| ⿰衤𡘷 || ''A Chinese and English vocabulary, in the Tie-chiu dialect'' (Shanghai, 1888) [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:A_Chinese_and_English_vocabulary,_in_the_Tie-chiu_dialect.djvu/240 p. 224] || || E30E
|-
| ⿰鼻冓 || ''Dictionary of the Foochow Dialect'' (1929) [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Dictionary_of_the_Foochow_Dialect.pdf/1901 1873] || || E311
|-
| ⿰貝康 || ''A Manual of the Foochow Dialect in Twenty Lessons'' (1908) [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:A_Manual_of_the_Foochow_Dialect_in_Twenty_Lessons.pdf/24 p. 23]; 《福州話新舊約全書》 || || E572
|-
| ⿰日罩 || ''A Manual of the Foochow Dialect in Twenty Lessons'' (1908) [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:A_Manual_of_the_Foochow_Dialect_in_Twenty_Lessons.pdf/44 p. 43] and [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:A_Manual_of_the_Foochow_Dialect_in_Twenty_Lessons.pdf/45 p. 44]; variant of 晝 || || E313
|-
| ⿰口㦗 || ''The beginner's first book in the Chinese language (Canton Vernacular)'' (Hong Kong, 1847) [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:The_beginner%27s_first_book_in_the_Chinese_language.pdf/115 p. 100] || || E314
|-
| ⿰魚遲 || ''Phrase Book in the Canton Dialect or Dialogues on Ordinary and Familiar Subjects'' (1888) [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Phrase_Book_in_the_Canton_Dialect_or_Dialogues_on_Ordinary_and_Familiar_Subjects.djvu/141 p. 125] || || E316
|-
| ⿺辶萊 || ''Excellent ancient adages, together with notes on the writings of Chinese romanized in the Hokkien dialect'' (Rangoon, 1890) [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Excellent_ancient_adages,_together_with_notes_on_the_writings_of_Chinese_romanized_in_the_Hokkien_dialect.djvu/57 p. 50]; variant of 萊 in 蓬萊 || || E317
|-
| ⿰扌⿸虍耳 || ''Chinese Spoken Language'' (1856) [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Chinese_spoken_language.djvu/48 p. 42] || Misprint of 摣? || E319
|-
| ⿱木罒 || Weaverville Joss House [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:General_view_of_interior_looking_south_-_Weaverville_Joss_House,_Oregon_Street,_Weaverville,_Trinity_County,_CA_HABS_CAL,53-WEAVI,6-170_(CT).tif] [[jaglyphwiki:u2ff1-u6728-u7f52]]; variant of 相; possibly invalid evidence due to being in 隸書? || || E31C
|-
| ⿱小弱 || Weaverville Joss House [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Detail_view_of_inscribed_board_of_donor_names_-_Weaverville_Joss_House,_Oregon_Street,_Weaverville,_Trinity_County,_CA_HABS_CAL,53-WEAVI,6-123.tif/1] [[jaglyphwiki:u2ff1-u5c0f-u5f31]]; personal name || || E31D
|-
| ⿰镸帚 || Weaverville Joss House [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Detail_view_of_inscribed_board_of_priest's_instructions_-_Weaverville_Joss_House,_Oregon_Street,_Weaverville,_Trinity_County,_CA_HABS_CAL,53-WEAVI,6-113.tif] [[jaglyphwiki:u2ff0-u9578-u5e1a]]; probably a variant of 歸? || || E31F
|-
| ⿰卑巴 || [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:SSID-14623716_正音咀華.pdf/312 正音咀華] (clearer evidence: [https://books.google.com/books?id=vNwwAQAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PP141&amp;dq=%E9%A6%AC%E9%9D%A2] [https://books.google.com/books?id=yotbAAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PP152&amp;dq=%E9%A6%AC%E9%9D%A2]) [[jaglyphwiki:u2ff0-u5351-u5df4]], 屄 波孖切, perhaps a mistake of 靶 || || E322
|-
| ⿰口徏 || 新編廣東省城白話 [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:NTL-9900014811_新編廣東省城白話.pdf/247] [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:NTL-9900014811_新編廣東省城白話.pdf/250], same as (mistake of?) [[wikt:嘥]] ([[wikt:嗮]]　“verbal aspect marker”) || || E324
|-
| ⿰木廩 || [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:SSID-14623716_正音咀華.pdf/299 正音咀華], same as 檩 || || E327
|-
| ⿰虫拐 || [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:NLC511-03007107-62730_方言文學(一).pdf/112 方言文學], same as [[wikt:𧊅]]; also appears at [[wikt:Module:zh/data/dial-syn/蝌蚪]] || || E328
|-
| ⿰口挐 || [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:WUL-ru08_03028_イ咭唎紀略.pdf/17 𠸄咭唎紀略] 𠹵〓哪布 Anne Noble (wife of Capt. James Noble killed in the Opium War), same as 𠸎? || || E37F
|-
| ⿰馬儿 or ⿰馬几 (?) || [[:ja:Index talk:福澤全集巻一.pdf]], some unclear character (stable misprint?) that may be a placename || || E437
|-
| ⿱艹𭑃 || [https://db2.sido.keio.ac.jp/kanseki/bib_frame?id=006766 通典（北宋刊本）]卷53 folio 25b (12:27) ; [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Sibu_Congkan_Xubian086-%E5%AD%94%E5%85%83%E6%8E%AA-%E5%AD%94%E6%B0%8F%E7%A5%96%E5%BA%AD%E5%BB%A3%E8%A8%98-1-1.djvu/167 孔氏祖庭廣記（蒙古刊本）卷4 folio 4a]; variant of 荂? || || E43F
|-
| ⿰𣬉刃 || [https://db2.sido.keio.ac.jp/kanseki/bib_frame?id=006766 通典（北宋刊本）]卷169 folio 32b (36:34) (⿰⿳丿𠔿比刃); variant of 㔡 || pending more evidences || E45C
|-
| ⿰虫迷 || [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:官話講義_J8IxAQAAMAAJ.pdf/73 官話講義] 螳⿰虫迷 is [[wikt:塘尾]]; variant of [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/?id=03532 UK-20865] || || E439
|-
| maybe ⿰虫覺 || 官話講義 [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:官話講義_J8IxAQAAMAAJ.pdf/72] [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:官話講義_tlc4AQAAMAAJ.pdf?page=268]; doesn't seem to be either of the existing ⿰虫⿱？見 characters (𧐎𧒋𧖐), perhaps same as 虼?? || || E531
|-
| ⿰扌郁 || [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:官話講義_J8IxAQAAMAAJ.pdf/82 官話講義]; same as [[wikt:喐]] || || E532
|-
| ⿰氵棘 || [https://ytenx.org/pyonh/cio/1/75/ 分韻撮要]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999017121-45806_%E5%A4%A7%E6%98%8E%E6%88%90%E5%8C%96%E5%BA%9A%E5%AF%85%E9%87%8D%E5%88%8A%E6%94%B9%E4%BD%B5%E4%BA%94%E9%9F%B3%E9%9B%86%E9%9F%BB_%E7%AC%AC10%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=23 大明成化庚寅重刊改併五音集韻（明成化刊本）入聲卷15 職第6] has 「𠍷，縣名」, misprint of 𠍷 || pending more evidences || E539
|-
| ⿺辶睿 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12327317_%E8%8C%83%E5%A4%AA%E5%8F%B2%E9%9B%86_19.pdf&amp;page=47 范太史集（文淵閣四庫全書本）卷48 folio 5a]; 宋史（朝鮮刊本）卷224 folio 17b gives 𧾩; variant of 𧾩 || pending more evidences || E39D
|-
| ⿸鹿非 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12327317_%E8%8C%83%E5%A4%AA%E5%8F%B2%E9%9B%86_19.pdf&amp;page=117 范太史集（文淵閣四庫全書本）卷50 folio 7a]; 宋史（朝鮮刊本）卷233 folio 6a gives 𧇁; misprint of 𧇁? || pending more evidences || E39E
|-
| ⿰止曷 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12327318_%E8%8C%83%E5%A4%AA%E5%8F%B2%E9%9B%86_20.pdf&amp;page=20 范太史集（文淵閣四庫全書本）卷51 folio 8b]; 宋史（朝鮮刊本）卷230 folio 11a gives 愒; misprint of 愒? || pending more evidences || E39F
|-
| ⿱炇𣅀 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999010303-113096_%E8%AE%80%E7%95%AB%E9%8C%84_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=20 讀畫錄（周氏煙雲過眼堂清康熙12年刊本）卷1 folio 11b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999032216-150808_%E6%88%90%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%81%E4%BA%A5%E9%87%8D%E5%88%8A%E6%94%B9%E4%BD%B5%E4%BA%94%E9%9F%B3%E9%A1%9E%E8%81%9A%E5%9B%9B%E8%81%B2%E7%AF%87_%E7%AC%AC5%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=19 成化丁亥重刊改併五音類聚四聲篇（明成化刊本）卷13 folio 18a]; [https://digitalarchive.npm.gov.tw/Painting/Content?pid=5186&amp;Dept=P 清周亮工集名家山水　冊　清朱翰之疏林遠岫] (弟⿱炇𣅀, not very clear though); [https://web.archive.org/web/20231110054654/https://bkimg.cdn.bcebos.com/pic/b21bb051f81986186ecf6b3849ed2e738ad4e686 山鄉小景圖] (僧⿱炇𣅀); [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428498421$55i 佩文齋書畫譜（清康熙刊本）卷57 folio 44a] gives ⿱炇𣄼(𤉴); [https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2022/22040-unencoded-nanmingshi.pdf 南明史] (中華書局，2006年) v. 1 p. 8 gives ⿱炇日, all are errors of ⿱炇𣅀 || || E550
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| ⿱日⿸厂⿱肰土 || [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:WUL-ru08_03028_イ咭唎紀略.pdf/3 𠸄咭唎紀略]; variant of 壓/𡒦 || || 
|-
| ⿰火罩 || [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:金山歌集_pct_50.pdf/120 金山歌集] (advertisement for 華英文歐美烹調廚書) + [https://database.shss.hkust.edu.hk/Cantag/ others] || || E1D9
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| ⿰𧾷遟 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:SBL055_%E5%92%B8%E6%B7%B3%E8%87%A8%E5%AE%89%E5%BF%97.pdf&amp;page=2038 咸淳臨安志（宋咸淳刊本）卷95 folio 8a](白居易《答客問杭州》：爲我~蹰停酒盞與君約畧說杭州); variant of 踟 || *WS2027 || E57B
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| ⿰鳥巤 || [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:官話講義_tlc4AQAAMAAJ.pdf/193 官話講義] (less blurry: [https://books.google.com/books?id=tlc4AQAAMAAJ&amp;vq=哈吧狗&amp;pg=PP192]), 𪂒䳁⿰鳥巤(?), some kind of bird? || || E58C
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| ⿰忽風 || [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:官話講義_tlc4AQAAMAAJ.pdf/115 官話講義] || || E541
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| ⿱卆⿰九寸 || [http://kanji.zinbun.kyoto-u.ac.jp/db-machine/toho/L/A0400466.jpg 正德乙亥重刊改併五音類聚四聲篇（明正德刊本）卷12 folio 57b 十部]; variant of 壽, created by [[w:zh:朱權]] || pending more evidences || E4E2
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| ⿰亻⿱卆⿰九寸 || [http://kanji.zinbun.kyoto-u.ac.jp/db-machine/toho/L/A0400590.jpg 正德乙亥重刊改併五音類聚四聲篇（明正德刊本）卷15 folio 25b 人部]; variant of 儔, created by [[w:zh:朱權]] || pending more evidences || E4E3
|-
| ⿰舟𠂢 || [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nnc1.cu05093791&amp;seq=652 穆堂初稿（清道光刊本）卷40 folio 7b]; ~船, error of ⿰舟瓜 || pending more evidences || 
|-
| ⿱玨黑 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49839056$3106i 四川通志（清乾隆刊本）卷39 folio 76b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999008080-111210_%E5%85%A8%E8%9C%80%E7%A7%87%E6%96%87%E5%BF%97_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=61 全蜀秇文志（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 28a]; [https://archive.wul.waseda.ac.jp/kosho/he16/he16_02033/he16_02033_0002/he16_02033_0002_p0028.jpg 全蜀秇文志（清嘉慶22年刊本）卷2下 folio 10b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCPSSD-70004440_%E3%80%90%E9%81%93%E5%85%89%E3%80%91%E6%96%B0%E9%83%BD%E7%B8%A3%E5%BF%97%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E5%8D%B7%E9%A6%96%E4%B8%80%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%86%8C.pdf&amp;page=53 新都縣志（清道光刊本）卷15 folio 52a]; 全蜀秇文志（明嘉靖刊本）gives 䵤, stable error of 䵤 || || E58E
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| ⿰黹楚 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4763416 鹽亭縣志（清乾隆51年刊本）]卷5 folio 32b; related to ⿰冓楚; might be a variant of 𪓐 (說文繫傳: 「～～，今作楚」) || pending more evidences || EE54
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| ⿰氵⿱土力 || [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:%E5%B4%87%E7%A6%8E%E6%AD%B7%E5%9F%8E%E7%B8%A3%E5%BF%97_11.pdf/19 歷城縣志（明崇禎刊本）卷10 folio 18a](⿰氵⿱上力); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999032216-150811_%E6%88%90%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%81%E4%BA%A5%E9%87%8D%E5%88%8A%E6%94%B9%E4%BD%B5%E4%BA%94%E9%9F%B3%E9%A1%9E%E8%81%9A%E5%9B%9B%E8%81%B2%E7%AF%87_%E7%AC%AC4%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=78 成化重刊改併五音類聚四聲篇（明成化刊本）卷12 folio 33a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999012808-20541_%E5%A4%A7%E6%98%8E%E6%AD%A3%E5%BE%B7%E4%B9%99%E4%BA%A5%E9%87%8D%E5%88%8A%E6%94%B9%E4%B8%A6%E4%BA%94%E9%9F%B3%E9%9B%86%E9%9F%BB_%E7%AC%AC20%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=35 正德乙亥重刊改併五音類聚四聲篇（明正德刊本）卷12 folio 33a] || *WS2027 || E5E4
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| ⿰氵⿱止勹 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_48666280_%E6%AD%B7%E5%9F%8E%E7%B8%A3%E5%BF%97_v.15%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83--%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80.pdf&amp;page=108 歷城縣志（清乾隆刊本）卷41 folio 8b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_48666280_%E6%AD%B7%E5%9F%8E%E7%B8%A3%E5%BF%97_v.1%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95seq.20%EF%BC%8C%E5%8D%B7%E9%A6%96--%E5%8D%B7%E4%BA%8C.pdf&amp;page=31 歷城縣志（清乾隆刊本）目錄 folio 11b]; error of ⿰氵⿱土力 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰金鄉 || 五經堂文集（清康熙刊本）卷5 行狀 folio 10b ([https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3A%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98%E7%9B%AE%E5%8F%A2%E6%9B%B8%E9%9B%86%E9%83%A8242%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=124 poor quality image])《辛文敬先生行狀》「女二長適奉國中尉朱廷𡈼次適奉國中尉朱鼐⿰金鄉」 || pending clearer evidences || E60B
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| ⿸广⿲氏彡乚 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=161 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集上 一部 folio 6a] 「𠀈……【字彙補】同丘。【道藏·洞靈經】黃帝得常仙封鴻～容𠀈」; variant of 𢇼 || ||
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| ⿳一⿰心支一 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=187 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集上 二部 folio 31b] 「𠄹……【風雅廣逸】又書作～」; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-2405-206176_%E9%A2%A8%E9%9B%85%E5%BB%A3%E9%80%B8_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=44 風雅廣逸（明嘉靖刊本）卷8 folio 5b] || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱亠⿺先支 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=191 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集上 亠部 folio 35b] 「𠅬……【通志】作～。【桯史】作𨻰王⿱宀⿺先攴」 || ||
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| ⿱宀⿺先攴 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=191 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集上 亠部 folio 35b] || ||
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| ⿰口𠂹 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=204 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集中 人部 folio 4b] 「他……【註】他音～。言禽獸僵死交相積也。」正字通 子集中 人部：「他……他音～」正字通 丑集上 口部：「唾……《六書故》作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰貝司 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=214 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集中 人部 folio 14b] 「伺……別作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰亻𡿺 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=226 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集中 人部 folio 27a] 「㑎……【姓苑】作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰月⿳火大力 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=232 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集中 人部 folio 32b] 「㑞……凡𦩎、䢠、～、⿰舟⿱火貝等字从此，俗作媵，非。」; variant of 勝? || ||
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| ⿰舟⿱火貝 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=232 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集中 人部 folio 32b] 「㑞……凡𦩎、䢠、⿰月⿳火大力、～等字从此，俗作媵，非。」; variant of 勝? || ||
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| ⿰龺一 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=239 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集中 人部 folio 40a] 「倝……本作～」 正字通 子集中 人部：「倝……本作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰亻𠨟 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=240 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集中 人部 folio 41a] 「倦……【說文】力部作𠢏，人部作～，音義同。」 正字通 子集中 人部：「倦……《說文》力部作𠢏，人部作～，音義同。」|| *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰亻𫇮 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=256 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集中 人部 folio 57a] 「𠌾……【穆天子傳】右驂赤蘎，而左白𠌾。或作～」; variant of  || ||
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| ⿰忄棠 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=260 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集中 人部 folio 60b] 「㒉……【集韻】同惝。或作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱共巾 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=301 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集下 冖部 folio 22a] 「冪……【註】～可以覆物」; [https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=en&amp;file=77415&amp;page=0131 康熙字典（同文書局石印本）子集下 9]; misprint of 共巾 || || E386
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| ⿱一𢁒 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=309 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集下 几部 folio 29b] 「𠘲……【字彙補】古文大字。註見部首。亦作～。」; [https://books.google.com/books?id=1eVbAAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PP117#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false 字彙補（清康熙刊本）子集 folio 26a] || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰金⿱丣刀 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=334 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集下 刀部 folio 55a] 「劉……【同文備考】作～」; normalized from seal form in [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img.pdf/4440278 同文備考（明嘉靖刊本）卷2 folio 63b] || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰革鼻 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=357 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集下 匚部 folio 77b] 「𠥖……【篇海】刀欛～刀」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿳⺊㘝𫶧 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=367 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集下 卜部 folio 88a] 「𠧼……亦作～𥹟」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱⿱⺊⿵冂厶⿱⺊⿵冂厶 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=367 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集下 卜部 folio 88a] 「𠨁……又作～⿳⺊冋木」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿳⺊冋木 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=367 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）子集下 卜部 folio 88a] 「𠨁……又作⿱⿱⺊⿵冂厶⿱⺊⿵冂厶～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰口𢎪 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=421 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集上 口部 folio 25a] 「𠰈	【集韻】烏宏切，音泓。【玉篇】牛聲。　【集韻】書作～。」(⿲口弓儿); [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1011216&amp;imageId=7224366 《集韻》（宋刊本）平聲四]; variant of 𠰈 || ||
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| ⿰⿱刀酉欠 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=443 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集上 口部 folio 47a] 「哾	【字彙】山劣切，音說。嘗也。【正字通】俗～字。」; variant of 𣤕 || ||
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| ⿰口𢁫 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=445 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集上 口部 folio 48b] 「唏……【說文】本作～，笑也。」; variant of 唏 || ||
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| ⿱𣪫心 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=449 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集上 口部 folio 52b] 「唸……【集韻】本作𣪍，同～𣣈」; [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1402 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集下 殳部 folio 50b] 「殿……【集韻】或作～、𣣈」 集韻 卷之八去聲下 栝韻 店小韻 唸 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰虫亨 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=451 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集上 口部 folio 55a] 「啈……【集韻】亨孟切，音～」[http://www.kaom.net/img.php?b=xungu_wyjy&amp;p=179 校訂五音集韻 去聲卷第十二 諍第三 曉二𧨫]  || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱炙肉 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=459 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集上 口部 folio 63a] 「喗……【賈誼·新書】以匈奴之饑，飯羹㗖膹～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰口⿱穴之 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=465 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集上 口部 folio 68b] 「𠷖……【海篇】書作～。」; variant of 𠷖 || ||
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| ⿰⿱𡉅灰殳 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=465 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集上 口部 folio 69a] 「嗀……【集韻】或作～，㱿」; variant of 𣪳 || ||
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| ⿰口㫄 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=469 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集上 口部 folio 72b] 「嗙……【說文】本作～」; variant of 嗙 || ||
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| ⿰𡰮乍 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=471 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集上 口部 folio 74b] 「𠹨 【字彙補】古文殂字。○按古殂字作⿰𡰮乍」; variant of 𡲡 || ||
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| ⿰口𢾍 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=471 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集上 口部 folio 75a] 「嗷 【說文】本作～，衆口愁也。; variant of 𡲡 || ||
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| ⿰氵造 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=473 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集上 口部 folio 76b] 「嗾……【集韻】【類篇】𠀤先侯切，音摗。或作𠻛～」 || *WS2027 ||
|-
| ⿰口段 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=475 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集上 口部 folio 79a] 「𠻧	【集韻】姑沃切，音梏。～𠻧，咽也。」; variant of 㗇 || ||
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| ⿰口㲅 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=488 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集上 口部 folio 91b] 「𡁁……【集韻】書作𡁍。【類篇】書作～。」; variant of 𡁁 || ||
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| ⿰桑包 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=491 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集上 口部 folio 95a] 「𡂟……	【玉篇】～，耕也。」; variant of 𡂟 || ||
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| ⿰口默 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=492 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集上 口部 folio 95b] 「嚜……【註】應劭曰：嚜嚜，不自得之意。【楚辭·卜居】作～～」; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:SSID-12911571_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B77%E4%B9%8B8.pdf&amp;page=72 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷7 folio 35b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-bunko11_d0327_%E6%9E%97%E6%96%87%E5%BF%A0%E5%85%AC%E6%94%BF%E6%9B%B8_05.pdf&amp;page=89 林文忠公政書（清光緒刊本）乙集使粵奏稿卷4 folio 19a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12529952_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%92%B8%E8%B1%90%E6%9C%9D_%E5%8D%B711-12.pdf&amp;page=21 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）咸豐朝卷11 folio 10a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12530034_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%92%B8%E8%B1%90%E6%9C%9D_%E5%8D%B715-16.pdf&amp;page=6 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）咸豐朝卷15 folio 2b] || *WS2027 || E7DE
|-
| ⿵𦥑介 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=527 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集中 土部 folio 8a] 「坤……別作𠔧～䰠䝿」 || ||
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| ⿸厂⿱口土 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=531 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集中 土部 folio 12a] 「垕……【玉篇】又作～」 || ||
|-
| ⿰土𥎦 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=543 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集中 土部 folio 24a] 「堠……【六書故】作～」; variant of 𡎇 || ||
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| ⿲土忄⿴互一 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=544 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集中 土部 folio 25a] 「堩……本作～。俗从舟作堩。別作⿲土忄𠄨」; variant of 堩/𡍷, ⿴互一 = 亙+VS19 || ||
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| ⿲土忄𠄨 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=544 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集中 土部 folio 25a] 「堩……本作⿲土忄⿴互一。俗从舟作堩。別作～」; variant of 堩 || ||
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| ⿱⿰豕㫐土 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=544 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集中 土部 folio 25a] 「𡍭	【正字通】俗墾字，本作～，今作墾。」; variant of 𡍭 || ||
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| ⿱艹匨 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=546 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集中 土部 folio 27a] 「𡍱……又从艸作～」 || ||
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| ⿰⿱罒𠦂土 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=548 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集中 土部 folio 28b] 「𡎯……【集韻】作～」 || ||
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| ⿰土⿱靣旦 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=560 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集中 土部 folio 40b] 「壇……俗作～，非」 || ||
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| ⿰黑戈 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=566 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集中 士部 folio 46b] 「壬……【淮南子·時則訓】戌在壬曰𤣥～。」; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4283689 浙江通志（清乾隆刊本）]卷208 folio 21; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50798875$1017i 福建通志（清乾隆刊本）卷15 folio 16]; [http://read.nlc.cn/allSearch/searchDetail?searchType=all&amp;showType=1&amp;indexName=data_892&amp;fid=411999019370 容齋四筆（明弘治刊本）]卷15 folio 10（玄黓）; [https://files.zjdfz.cn/zjtzk/%E3%80%8A%E6%B8%85%E9%9B%8D%E6%AD%A3%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%97%E3%80%8B/%E5%8D%B7%E4%BA%8C%E7%99%BE%E5%85%AB%20%E5%88%97%E5%A5%B3%E4%B8%83_P20.pdf 《清雍正浙江通志》（中华书局, 2001）pp. 5897]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:11733416$1355i 寧波府志（明嘉靖刊本）卷40 folio 22] gives 黓, [http://www.koreanhistory.or.kr/newchar/list_view.jsp?code=71541 KC01346], [https://zh.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Special:%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2&amp;search=insource%3A%2F%5C%7B%5C%7BSKchar2%5C%7C132%2F&amp;ns0=1&amp;ns102=1&amp;ns106=1&amp;ns114=1 other unverified evidences]. Evidence 1 and evidence 3 give ⿺黒戈, evidence 2 gives ⿺黑戈, all of them are unifiable to ⿰黑戈 as is shown in evidence 4. Possibly error form of 黓 || || E552
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| ⿰夕星 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=584 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集下 夕部 folio 6b] 「夝……【總要】作～。从夕星，會意。」; variant of 夝, not to be unified with 𣨾 || ||
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| ⿱⿰夕㇈出 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=584 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集下 夕部 folio 6b] 「𡖕……按《字彙補》書作～，非是。」 || ||
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| ⿱大司 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=592 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集下 大部 folio 15a] 「奆……【說文】从大从可。別作～。俗作竒，非。」; variant of 𭷿 || 𭷿 + VS18? ||
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| ⿳丿冈大 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=593 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集下 大部 folio 15b] 「旲……一作～、又作⿱囟大」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱囟大 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=593 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集下 大部 folio 15b] 「旲……一作⿳丿冈大、又作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱大司 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=593 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集下 大部 folio 16a] 「奇……【七修類稿】明初張輔平安南，禽黎季～及子奆～䎰。疑譌作～。」; variant of 犛 || ||
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| ⿻大昍 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=600 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集下 大部 folio 22b] 「奭……別作𠁗～䓇」; variant of 奭 || ||
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| ⿰女𡴋 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=609 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集下 女部 folio 32a] 「姆……別作母娒～」(⿰女⿱山每); [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=618 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）丑集下 女部 folio 41a] 「娒……本作⿰女𡴋」 || ||
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| ⿰重孚 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=664 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集上 子部 folio 9b] 「𡦢……亦作～、𠄉」|| *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰𦎧者 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=664 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集上 子部 folio 9b] 「𡦡……本作～」; variant of 𩫭 || ||
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| ⿰嘼孝 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=665 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集上 子部 folio 10b] 「𡦱……【正譌】从嘼作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱𡦽巛 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=672 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集上 宀部 folio 18a] 「𡧬……通作～」; variant of 𡧽 || ||
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| ⿱宀𫡑 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=678 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集上 宀部 folio 23b] 「家……○按《六書故》作⿱宀𫡑，人所合也。从𫡑，三人聚宀下，～之義也。」 || ||
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| ⿱宩火 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=685 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集上 宀部 folio 30b] 「𡩨……【韻寶】與審同。亦作～」] || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰⿱爫⿸𢀳丶寸 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=694 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集上 寸部 folio 39b] 「𡬠 【字彙補】漢隸釋與爵同。亦作～⿰⿳爫罒⿸𢀳丶寸」 || ||
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| ⿰⿳爫罒⿸𢀳丶寸 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=694 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集上 寸部 folio 39b] 「𡬠 【字彙補】漢隸釋與爵同。亦作⿰⿱爫⿸𢀳丶寸～」 || ||
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| ⿰𡉚寸 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=694 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集上 寸部 folio 39b] 「封……【說文】……本作～，隸作封，从圭所執也。」 || ||
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| ⿺尣亏 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=705 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集上 尢部 folio 50b] 「㝼……【集韻】亦作～」 || ||
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| ⿺尢䝿 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=707 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集上 尢部 folio 53a] 「尵……本作～，俗作𡯺，非」 || ||
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| ⿸尸⿰歺几 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=713 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集上 尸部 folio 58b] 「屍……【正字通】古尸作～。【易·師卦】弟子輿～」 || ||
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| ⿸尸⿱十九 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=715 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集上 尸部 folio 60b] 「𡱧……【韻鑰】又作～」 || ||
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| ⿱屮㕕 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=721 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集上 屮部 folio 67a] 「𡴗……按叀亦作～」; variant of 𡴁 || ||
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| ⿳屮由厶 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=721 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集上 屮部 folio 67a] 「𡴗……【正字通】～，古从二厶，譌从呂。非。」 || ||
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| ⿱山⿰歺刂 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=740 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集中 山部 folio 10a] 「峛……【正字通】本作～。」; variant of 峛 || 峛 + VS18? ||
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| ⿱山⿹勹圭 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=745 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集中 山部 folio 14b] 「𡸔……姓苑又作～。形異而音同。」 || ||
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| ⿰昬⿱攴山 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=746 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集中 山部 folio 16a] 「崏……【說文】本作～」; variant of 𣊽 || 𣊽 + VS18? ||
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| ⿱山𱰭 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=748 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集中 山部 folio 17b] 「𡸟……【集韻】本作～，譌省作𡸟。」; although we have UCV #270, not unified to 𡸟 as ⿱山𱰭 is used in contrast with 𡸟 || ||
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| ⿰山椉 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=752 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集中 山部 folio 21b] 「𡹴……【正字通】本作～，省作𡹴。」; variant of 嵊 || ||
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| ⿰山𤐫 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=757 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集中 山部 folio 27a] 「㟽……【正字通】本作～」; variant of 㟽 || ||
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| ⿰山𤕤 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=758 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集中 山部 folio 27b] 「𡻯……【正字通】俗作～」; || ||
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| ⿱山虚 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=759 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集中 山部 folio 29a] 「㠊……或作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱𡷈甫 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=760 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集中 山部 folio 30a] 「𡼘……與《說文》音訓同。或譌作～。」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰巾閻 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=795 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集中 巾部 folio 64b] 「㡗……【玉篇】～㡗。又㡗帷也……又【廣韻】呼雞切，音醯。～㡗，赤紙。」; variant of 𢅰 || ||
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| ⿱丸弓 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=854 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集下 弓部 folio 43a] 「𢎫……【玉篇】亦作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰𮜁攵 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=888 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）寅集下 彳部 folio 77a] 「徹……【集韻】或作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱卻心 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=939 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集上 心部 folio 41b] 「𢜭……【正字通】一作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱弭心 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=939 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集上 心部 folio 42a] 「㥝……亦作～」[https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/dictView.jsp?ID=85387#37 異體字字典] || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱⿰日匃心 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=943  《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集上 心部 folio 46a] 「愒……本作愒。破體作⿱⿰日匃心，遂譌成⿱⿰白甘心，再譌成⿱⿰自甘心憇⿱𣆆心𭞍憩。」; variant of 憩 || ||
|-
| ⿱⿰白甘心 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=943  《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集上 心部 folio 46a] 「愒……本作愒。破體作⿱⿰日匃心，遂譌成⿱⿰白甘心，再譌成⿱⿰自甘心憇⿱𣆆心𭞍憩。」; variant of 憩 || ||
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| ⿱⿰自甘心 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=943  《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集上 心部 folio 46a] 「愒……本作愒。破體作⿱⿰日匃心，遂譌成⿱⿰白甘心，再譌成⿱⿰自甘心憇⿱𣆆心𭞍憩。」; variant of 憩 || ||
|-
| ⿱𣆆心 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=943  《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集上 心部 folio 46a] 「愒……本作愒。破體作⿱⿰日匃心，遂譌成⿱⿰白甘心，再譌成⿱⿰自甘心憇⿱𣆆心𭞍憩。」; variant of 憩 || ||
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| ⿱勭心 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=958 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集上 心部 folio 61a] 「憅……【說文長箋】與慟同。又作𢣛～。」; [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=970 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集上 心部 folio 73a] 「𢣛【正字通】慟⿱勭心𠀤同。」; variant of 𢣛 || ||
|-
| ⿱𢞎心 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=959 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集上 心部 folio 61b] 「憊……別作～。非」 || *WS2027 ||
|-
| ⿰忄兾 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=974 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集上 心部 folio 76b] 「懻……俗作～。非」 || *WS2027 ||
|-
| ⿰牜戎 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=985 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集中 戈部 folio 2a] 「戎……本作𢦦。俗作～」 || *WS2027 ||
|-
| ⿰扌𦥙 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1025 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集中 手部 folio 42a] 「拽……【正字通】～字譌省。～本作𦥙，从𦥔从丿。」; variant of 拽 || ||
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| ⿰扌𢑏 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1030 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集中 手部 folio 47a] 「𢫽	【篇海】同抑。◎按《說文》抑。从反印作～。此譌文。」; variant of 𢮮 || ||
|-
| ⿰扌㕻 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1033 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集中 手部 folio 50a] 「㧵……掊克之掊本作～。因字形相近譌爲㧵，正韻㧵與抔同，誤也。」 || ||
|-
| ⿰扌𠂹 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1041 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集中 手部 folio 57b] 「捶……本作𢴹，省作～」 || *WS2027 ||
|-
| ⿰𢪓𢪓 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1051 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集中 手部 folio 68a] 「𢮠……篇海又譌作⿰𢪓𢪓」 || *WS2027 ||
|-
| ⿰扌伇 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1063 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集中 手部 folio 79b] 「𢰑	【字彙補】七容切，音悤。～打也。」; variant of 𢰑 || ||
|-
| ⿰扌⿱乙⿴囗⿻⿰丿丿丶 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1063 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集中 手部 folio 80a] 「𢰕	【六書精薀】作～」; variant of 𢰕 || ||
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| ⿰扌蔥 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1065 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集中 手部 folio 82a] 「𢱤……【集韻】損動切，～上聲。」; variant of 𢶰? || ||
|-
| ⿱竹繇 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1066 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集中 手部 folio 83a] 「搖……一作～。【周禮·天官·追師註】副以覆首，若今步～。【釋文】～本作搖。」 || ||
|-
| ⿰扌𮂬 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1073 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集中 手部 folio 89b] 「摛……本作～今作摛。附十一畫，誤。」; variant of 摛/𲣆 ||
|-
| ⿰扌⿱丿㤙 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1074 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集中 手部 folio 90b]; variant of 摠 || ||
|-
| ⿱⿰苟攴手 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1092 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集中 手部 folio 109a] 「擎……本作～。或作㢣。亦作擏。」 || 擎 + VS20? ||
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| ⿳䀠冖㷊 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1107 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集中 手部 folio 124a] 「𢺱	【篇海】音義與攛同。○按俗字改从～。又譌文。」; component of 𤓥𢺱 || ||
|-
| ⿰𡥈攴 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1124 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集下 攴部 folio 10a] 「敎……【說文】作～」 || ||
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| ⿰𣫭力 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1125 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集下 攴部 folio 10b] 「敏	〔古文〕～」; variant of 勄 || ||
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| ⿱𥝢𠩬 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1137 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集下 攴部 folio 23a] 「斄……集韻，～牛字从𥝢。」 || ||
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| ⿰方⿱𠂉𣎳 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1153 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集下 方部 folio 39a] 「旆……【說文】作⿰方⿱𠂉𣎳」; variant of 旆 || ||
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| ⿱彡儿 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1158 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集下 无部 folio 44a] 「旡……【說文】作㒫，飮食氣逆不得息曰㒫，从反～」 || ||
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| ⿰㒫京 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1159 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）卯集下 无部 folio 44b] 「𣄴……【說文】作～」 || ||
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| ⿰月亾 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1204 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集上 月部 folio 37b] 「𣍢……亦作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰木𠀒 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1236 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集中 木部 folio 19a] 「枰……【說文】作～」 || ||
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| ⿰木𡶬 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1273 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集中 木部 folio 56a] 「棡……【集韻】居郞切，音岡。本作～。」 || ||
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| ⿰木𡕨 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1282 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集中 木部 folio 64b] 「椱……【說文】作～，機持繒者。」; variant of 𣘅/椱 || ||
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| ⿰木睂 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1289 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集中 木部 folio 72a] 「楣……本作～。省作楣。」 || ||
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| ⿱𰴐木 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1307 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集中 木部 folio 89b] 「槼……古文規作～。或省作槼。」 || ||
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| ⿰木㝛 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1309 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集中 木部 folio 92a] 「樎……本作～。」 || ||
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| ⿰木⿱芏我 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1328 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集中 木部 folio 111a] 「檥……本作～，俗省作檥。」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰𡏳欠 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1367 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集下 欠部 folio 16a] 「歎……【說文】本作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰𠾂欠 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1369 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集下 欠部 folio 18a] 「㱇……本作～，省作㱇。」 || ||
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| ⿱𠂒𠤎 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1375 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集下 止部 folio 23b] 「𣥅【字彙補】倉里切，音此。亦作～」; [https://books.google.com/books?id=7OVbAAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PP62#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false 字彙補（清康熙刊本）辰集 folio 28b] || *WS2027 ||
|-
| ⿱⿰牙攵止 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1381 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集下 止部 folio 29b] 「𣦔	【字彙補】與整同。亦作～⿱𰄯止⿱𠡠止」; variant of 𭣼 || ||
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| ⿱𰄯止 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1381 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集下 止部 folio 29b] 「𣦔	【字彙補】與整同。亦作⿱⿰牙攵止～⿱𠡠止」; variant of 整 || ||
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| ⿱𠡠止 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1381 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集下 止部 folio 29b] 「𣦔	【字彙補】與整同。亦作⿱⿰牙攵止⿱𰄯止～」; variant of 𠢫 || ||
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| ⿱止𡈍 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1381 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集下 止部 folio 29b] 「𣦗	【字彙補】同齒。亦作～⿱⺊𡇟」; variant of 𣦗 || ||
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| ⿱⺊𡇟 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1381 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集下 止部 folio 29b] 「𣦗	【字彙補】同齒。亦作⿱止𡈍～」; variant of 𣦗 || ||
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| ⿰𠂤來 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1383 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集下 止部 folio 31b] 「𣦨……【字彙補】與歸同。亦作𫨬～」; [https://books.google.com/books?id=7OVbAAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PP64#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false 字彙補（清康熙刊本）辰集 folio 29b] || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰歹𫸪 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1388 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集下 歹部 folio 37a] 「𣨇……或作～」 || ||
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| ⿰羊毛 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1421 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）辰集下 毛部 folio 69b] 「𣮏……～屬」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿷汇子 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1485 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）巳集上 水部 folio 43b] 「洭……漢書作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰氏攵 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1505 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）巳集上 水部 folio 64a] 「𣶌【集韻】汶或从～」 || *WS2027 ||
|-
| ⿰氵𦊴 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1533 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）巳集上 水部 folio 91b] 「𣹵……【集韻】暱法切，𠀤音䎎。～𣹵，水貌。」variant of 𤀅? || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰氵𦬗 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1549 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）巳集上 水部 folio 107b] 「潬……【金石文】秦蜀守李冰官堰𥓓云：深淘潬，～包𨻳。」 || ||
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| ⿰火𢀩 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1605 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）巳集中 火部 folio 16b] 「𤈩……《正字通》云：同～，俗省。考說文古㷢不作～。」 || *WS2027 ||
|-
| ⿱𢀩火 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1605 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）巳集中 火部 folio 16b] 「𤈩……考說文古～不作⿰火𢀩。《正字通》亦非。」; variant of 𤏀/⿰火𢀩 || ||
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| ⿱𧟡灭 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1606 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）巳集中 火部 folio 17b] 「㶾……按玉篇作～多一畫。集韻，類篇，平聲二音俱作㶾，少一畫。惟類篇去聲一音作㶾。蓋～與㶾當爲筆畫之譌，雖有三音，其實一字也。」; variant of 㶾/𱫔, used as component in 𣊠/𥋄/𦗩/𨅟/𩦈 || ||
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| ⿴𦥑幺 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1623 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）巳集中 火部 folio 34b] 「𤌑	【正字通】熛本字。从火。諧～音。〇按說文熛本作𤐫。此字諸韻書皆不載，不知何據。」 || ||
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| ⿰片可 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1651 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）巳集中 爿部 folio 62b] 「牁……類篇書作～」; 《蒙古字韻》下二十五|| *WS2027 || F46B
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| ⿱丿𠔿 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1674 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）巳集下 牛部 folio 7a] 「𤘻……按廣韻～同宂」; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4434192 《正字通》（清康熙白鹿書院刊本）子集下 冖部 folio 27a]「冗，俗宂字，篇海人部譌作⿱丿𠔿」; [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1011220&amp;imageId=7235502 《新修絫音引證群籍玉篇》（金刊本）卷3 folio 1b]「⿱丿𠔿，而隴切，宂散也……同作宂，俗作冗」; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASBL015_%E5%BB%A3%E9%9F%BB.pdf&amp;page=133 《大宋重修廣韻》（宋孝宗朝初期刊本）卷3 二腫 folio 3b]; Similar: 𥤢/𡦼; Used as component in 𤘻, 𭝰, 𪥌 || *WS2027 || F102
|-
| ⿰牜皆 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1677 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）巳集下 牛部 folio 10a] 「𤙞……【集韻】～𤙞，牛馬行。」 || *WS2027 ||
|-
| ⿰犭𢏏 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1695 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）巳集下 犬部 folio 28a] 「𤝝……本作獼。或作⿰犭𢏏。」; variant of 猕 || ||
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| ⿰亻彌 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1705 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）巳集下 犬部 folio 37b] 「猕……本作～」 || *WS2027 ||
|-
| ⿰虫自 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1706 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）巳集下 犬部 folio 39a] 「猚……【集韻】或作～。」 || ||
|-
| ⿰犭歰 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1712 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）巳集下 犬部 folio 44b] 「𤠏……按《類篇》作～。《正字通》書作～。仍列十畫內，誤。今攺正作𤠏。」 || ||
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| ⿱㼌䖵 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1785 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集上 瓜部 folio 52b] 「瓥……奇字韻韻會補作～」; [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1785 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集上 瓜部 folio 53a] 「㼖……古音叢目作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱⿰斤豕䖵 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1785 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集上 瓜部 folio 52b] 「瓥……劉子政集作～」 || ||
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| ⿰叀瓦 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1790 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集上 瓦部 folio 57b] 「𤭔……【正字通】一說甎或作～，𤭔卽～字之譌。」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰革產 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1797 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集上 瓦部 folio 64b] 「𤮜……【集韻】尺戰切，音～。義同」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰田⿱龶夗 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1830 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集上 田部 folio 97b] 「𤴀……【篇海】作～」; variant of 𤴀 || ||
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| ⿰比文 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1892 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集中 皮部 folio 51a] 「𤿎……【集韻】亦作～」; variant of 𢻹 || ||
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| ⿰鹿攵 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1895 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集中 皮部 folio 53b] 「𥀔……或从攵作～。攴部譌作𢿇，非。」; although we have UCV #405, not unified to 𢿇 as ⿰鹿攵 is used in contrast with 𢿇 || ||
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| ⿰⿱吉皿巨 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1905 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集中 皿部 folio 63b] 「𥂇……《集韻》又譌作～。《類篇》載皿部，𠀤非。」; variant of 𥂇 || ||
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| ⿰目𧆭 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1906 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集中 皿部 folio 65a] 「盧……【文選】作矑。本作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰目叏 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1917 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集中 目部 folio 75b] 「䀗	【說文】本作～，从目夬聲。」 || ||
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| ⿱屮省 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1919 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集中 目部 folio 77b] 「省	【字彙補】又作～」; variant of 𥄾 || ||
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| ⿰目𦍋 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1922 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集中 目部 folio 80a] 「𥄲	【字彙】彌邪切，音～。目小也。」 || ||
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| ⿰目𫨂 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1935 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集中 目部 folio 93b] 「睎……【字彙補】或作𥅹。亦作～，非。」 || ||
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| ⿱⿰里犬目 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1954 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集中 目部 folio 112b] 「𥊷【正字通】譌～字」; Not unified to 𥊷 as they are used in contrast. || ||
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| ⿳从𠦜⿱隹目 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1961 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集中 目部 folio 120a] 「𥍊	【玉篇】古文觀字。註詳見部十八畫。一作～」; variant of 𩁰 || ||
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| ⿰⿱乂王𭆙 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1989 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集下 石部 folio 9a] 「𥒯……【正字通】按：𥒯與煉義難通。如《漢𥓓》致作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱友⺝ || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=1989 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集下 石部 folio 9a] 「𥒯……【正字通】……肴作～，載在《焦竑·略記字始》」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰石⿱馬几 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2004 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集下 石部 folio 23b] 「𥕽	【集韻】普孟切，音膨。～𥕽，石聲」; variant of 𥖬 || ||
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| ⿰禾仅 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2037 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集下 禾部 folio 56b] 「𥞂……【六書故】作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱山俊 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2042 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集下 禾部 folio 62a] 「稄……集韻】禮色切，𠀤音～。」; [https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/dictView.jsp?ID=12272 異體字字典] || ||
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| ⿰禾⿱爫开 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2047 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集下 禾部 folio 66b] 「𥟝……【字彙補】作～」 || ||
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| ⿱穴尿 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2071 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集下 穴部 folio 90b] 「𥦃……或作～」; variant of 𥦃 || ||
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| ⿰⿱龷里員 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2088 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）午集下 立部 folio 107b] 「𥫎……亦作～。」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱⺌尹 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2108 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）未集上 竹部 folio 13a] 「筆……又作～。見【漢戚伯樊毅𥓓】」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱八尹 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2108 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）未集上 竹部 folio 13a] 「筆……又作～。又【嚴訢𥓓】作～」，見【舉要】 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿳苜大么  || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2135 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）未集上 竹部 folio 40a] 「篡……【字彙補】《揚子》鴻飛冥冥，弋人何篡焉。別本作⿳苜大么，非。」; variant of 篡 || ||
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| ⿰禾費 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2178 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）未集上 米部 folio 82b] 「䊧……【註】失氣也。亦作～。」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱鞁米 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2179 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）未集上 米部 folio 84a] 「𥽚……【字彙補】作～，非。」; [https://books.google.com/books?id=7OVbAAAAcAAJ&amp;pg=PP308#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false 字彙補（清康熙刊本）未集 folio 10b] || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰糸𢎪 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2199 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）未集中 糸部 folio 11a] 「紭……按《集韻》作～。弘爲宋廟諱，弘皆書作𢎪。」 || ||
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| ⿰室攴 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2238 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）未集中 糸部 folio 50a] 「繀……【玉篇】繀車，亦名～車」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰糹啇 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2247 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）未集中 糸部 folio 59a] 「𦅾……【玉篇】矢䠶也，～也。」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰馬廐 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2275 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）未集中 羊部 folio 87a] 「𦎗……【正字通】凡豢養六畜之所，方俗異名。羊必从羊作𦎗，則馬必作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰豕牢 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2275 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）未集中 羊部 folio 87a] 「𦎗……【正字通】……豕必作～，亦太迂陋。」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰月⿱豕口 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2354 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）未集下 肉部 folio 25a] 「脣……【集韻】或作䐇～」; variant of 𦟢 || ||
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| ⿰殳頁 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2370 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）未集下 肉部 folio 40b] 「膃……【廣韻】【集韻】𠀤烏沒切，音～。」; variant of 𩑦 || ||
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| ⿳𡉅𠬞至 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2398  《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）未集下 至部 folio 69a] 「𦥆……按字彙補譌作～」 || ||
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| ⿰彳瓜 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2413 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）未集下 舟部 folio 84a] 「舟……【物理論】化～作舟」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱屮方 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2445 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集上 艸部 folio 10a] 「芳……【韻學集成】作～」 || ||
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| ⿱艸古 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2452 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集上 艸部 folio 16b] 「苦……《直音》作～。」 || ||
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| ⿱艸占 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2452 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集上 艸部 folio 17a] 「苫……【直音】作～」 || ||
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| ⿱艸戊 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2456 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集上 艸部 folio 21a] 「茂……【直音】作～」 || ||
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| ⿱艸在 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2462 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集上 艸部 folio 26b] 「茬……【魯語】山不～蘖。字从艸。」 || ||
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| ⿱艹皂 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2479 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集上 艸部 folio 43b] 「𦯑……【篇海】作～。【六書正譌】俗作皁、皂，𠀤非。」 || ||
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| ⿱艹狙 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2484 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集上 艸部 folio 48b] 「䓚……【玉篇】作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱艹𢬸 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2496 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集上 艸部 folio 60b] 「葀……【直音】作～」 || ||
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| ⿱艹蝱 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2504 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集上 艸部 folio 69a] 「𦳶……亦作～」 || ||
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| ⿱艹閤 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2505 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集上 艸部 folio 69b] 「𦴖……○按《小名錄》孫休子名～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱艹𨔟 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2508 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集上 艸部 folio 73a] 「𦵵……【玉篇】作～。【集韻】或作𦷿。」; variant of 𦷿 || ||
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| ⿱艸倉 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2511 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集上 艸部 folio 76a] 「蒼……【直音】作～」 || ||
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| ⿱艹𣫍 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2554 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集上 艸部 folio 118b] 「蘞……或作～」 || ||
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| ⿰号𧆞 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2575 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集中 虍部 folio 5b] 「號……又作～，𠀤俗字。」 || ||
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| ⿺處匀 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2576 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集中 虍部 folio 6b] 「𧇤……亦作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿹㇈虫 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2579 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集中 虫部 folio 9b] 「虱……【篇海】作～」 || ||
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| ⿰䖝⿱八干 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2589 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集中 虫部 folio 19b] 「䖫……按《字彙補》～字註：《金都統郞君行記》有此字，音義未詳。○按～、䖫筆畫相近，似卽一字。」; [https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/search.jsp?ID=7&amp;WTP=1&amp;WORD=A03622-008&amp;WORD= 異體字字典] || ||
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| ⿱敄黽 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2590 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集中 虫部 folio 20b] 「蛛……【爾雅疏】蟗，卽䵹鼄別名也，又名鼄～。今江東呼蝃蝥。【說文】謂之鼄～，作網鼄蝥也。」 || ||
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| ⿴行彡 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2657 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集下 行部 folio 6a] 「衍……【直音】或作～」; [https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/search.jsp?ID=7&amp;WTP=1&amp;WORD=A03700-002&amp;WORD= 異體字字典] || ||
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| ⿰阝⿳文工⺝ || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2686 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集下 衣部 folio 34b] 「褘……《漢衞尉衡方𥓓》褘～在公。」;[https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=17 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷1 folio 9b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_2.pdf&amp;page=48 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷2 folio 17a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASBL133_%E8%A9%A9%E6%94%B7.pdf&amp;page=10 詩攷（元刊本）卷1 folio 3a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999031706-150693_%E9%80%9A%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC3%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=51 通雅（清康熙刊本）卷6 folio 2a]; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/619277 管城碩記（清康熙刊本）卷21 folio 14a]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428501733$71i 佩文韻府（清康熙刊本）卷四下 folio 179b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-278-0047_%E5%88%A5%E9%9B%851.pdf&amp;page=12 別雅（清乾隆督經堂刊本）卷1 folio 8b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:CADAL06054298_%E5%BE%A1%E8%A3%BD%E8%A9%A9%E4%BA%94%E9%9B%86%C2%B7%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89~%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B.djvu&amp;page=17 御製詩五集（清文淵閣四庫全書本）卷33 folio 8a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-278-0268_%E5%94%90%E9%9F%BB%E6%AD%A3_%E5%B7%BB1-4.pdf&amp;page=39 唐韻正（清刊本）卷2 folio 9a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCPSSD-70065031_%E4%BF%9E%E6%A8%93%E8%A5%8D%E7%BA%82%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E5%86%8C.pdf&amp;page=66 俞樓襍纂（清光緒刊本）卷32 folio 5b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCPSSD-70018262_%E6%BC%A2%E7%A2%91%E5%BC%95%E7%B6%93%E8%80%83%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%B7%E9%99%84%E5%BC%95%E7%B7%AF%E8%80%83%E4%B8%80%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%86%8C.pdf&amp;page=5 漢碑引經考（清光緒刊本）卷3 folio 3b, 4a]; 褘⿰阝⿳文工⺝ = 委𣙛; variant of 𣙛(slightly different rhs component though)/隋 || ||
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| ⿰巾夜 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2691 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）申集下 衣部 folio 39b] 「𧜥……一作～」 || ||
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| ⿰幵皃 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2714 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 見部 folio 3a] 「䙹……【註】䙹，閉口貌。一本作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱覞口 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2722 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 見部 folio 10b] 「𧢅……或从口作～，數之以口也。」; [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1003342&amp;imageId=3527380&amp;searchKey=%E6%95%B8%E4%B9%8B%E4%BB%A5%E5%8F%A3%E4%B9%9F 《正字通》（清康熙刊本）酉集上見部 folio 8a] || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿺辵牙 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2750 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 38b] 「訝……【說文】重文从辵作～，隸省作迓。」 || ||
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| ⿰言𠬸 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2754 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 42b] 「設……【六書故】亦作～。鋪𨻰詞說也。」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰言𡵯 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2764 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 53a] 「詜……【篇海】譌作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰言㞋 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2765 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 54a] 「𧦮……【字彙補】書作～」; 字彙補（清康熙刊本）酉集 folio 5b || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰言⿱コ又 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2765 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 54a] 「𧦮……【字彙補】書作⿰言㞋，又作～」; 字彙補（清康熙刊本）酉集 folio 5b || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱叨言 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2765 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 54a] 「𧦬……【篇韻】作～，皆誤」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰言册 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2775 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 64a] 「𧧚……俗省作～」(⿰言𠕁) || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰㖖戈 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2790 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 79a] 「𧨺……【㴑原】作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱𠈉言 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2791 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 80a] 「諐……【說文】本作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰言⿱隹土 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2793 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 82a] 「𧩆	【揚子·太𤣥經】次三：兢其股，鞭其馬，𡨥𧩆其戸逃利。【釋文】一作～。又作⿰言⿱芳土。」; variant of 𧩆, not cognate with 䜃 || ||
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| ⿰言⿱芳土 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2793 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 82a] 「𧩆	【揚子·太𤣥經】次三：兢其股，鞭其馬，𡨥𧩆其戸逃利。【釋文】一作⿰言⿱隹土。又作～。」; variant of 𧩆 || ||
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| ⿰言𡵬 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2794 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 83a] 「諜……【增韻】或作𧨯，譌作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰言𡨈 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2795 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 83b] 「諠……【正字通】與吅咺讙嚾𠀤通。當作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰言𠦶 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2802 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 90b] 「諽……【正字通】本从𠦶作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰言𤐫 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2811 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 100a] 「謤……【正字通】本作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰𦂺糸 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2818 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 107a] 「䜌……【總要】～，聲音諧也。从音絲，取連續義。小篆从言作䜌，借和鈴，加金別作鑾。【舉要】～，與䜌同。」; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003119_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.3.pdf&amp;page=61 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷3 folio 30a](音鑾) || *WS2027 || E2AB
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| ⿰言橆 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2821 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 110a] 「譕……【六書故】作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰言𪉷 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2823 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 112a] 「譚……【說文】本作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱⿰苟支言 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2825 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 113b] 「警……【說文】本作～」; variant of 警 || ||
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| ⿰言𨘤 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2832 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 120b] 「讉……又【廣雅】書作～」 || ||
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| ⿰阝⿱𤔌言 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2834 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集上 言部 folio 123a] 「讔……【字彙補】亦書作𧮐。或作～，非。」 || ||
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| ⿱山一 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2852 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集中 豆部 folio 7a] 「豈……【字彙】～从耑省」|| *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱口䒑 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2852 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集中 豆部 folio 7a] 「豈……【字彙】……～从豆省 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿺尢豕 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2859 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集中 豕部 folio 14a] 「豗……按豗字本从尣。亦作尢。譌作兀。是䝇～豗本是一字，《玉篇·尣部》作～，《類篇·尣部》作䝇，豕部重收豗，音同訓別，沿集韻之誤，分䝇、豗爲二，非。」; although we have UCV #354b, not unified to 䝇/豗 as ⿰⿺尢豕 is used in contrast with 䝇/豗 || ||
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| ⿰豸攵 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2873 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集中 豸部 folio 27b] 「䝘【篇海】與毅同。亦作～。」[https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/dictView.jsp?ID=23041 異體字字典] || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰豸且 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2880 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集中 豸部 folio 35a] 「貜……【玉篇】貜～，獸名。」 || ||
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| ⿰貝𢈂 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2891 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集中 貝部 folio 45b] 「𧵫……或作𰷅～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿺走劫 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2911 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集中 走部 folio 66a] 「𧻘……○按《正字通》沿《字彙》之誤，書作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿺走䜭 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2919 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集中 走部 folio 74a] 「𧾝……《正字通》引《㴑原》𧾝作～，與逡同，亦非，乃因《說文》註而臆造此字耳，不可从。」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰𧾷底 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2938 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集中 足部 folio 93a] 「𨂇……亦作～。○按卽䟡字之譌。」 || ||
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| ⿰𧾷⿱龷𭚧 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2950 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集中 足部 folio 105a] 「𨅢……○按蹳譌作～，復譌作𨅢，𠀤非。」 || ||
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| ⿰車屛 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2984 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集下 車部 folio 15b] 「輧……俗省作軿。或作𨍍～。」; although we have UCV #181, not unified to 𨍍 as ⿰車屛 is used in contrast with 𨍍 || ||
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| ⿰車與 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=2988 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集下 車部 folio 19b] 「輿……【集韻】或作～」 || ||
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| ⿰⿱彡止束 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3014 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集下 辵部 folio 46a] 「速……【石鼓文】鹿鹿～～。籀作遫。」 || ||
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| ⿺辶⿰⿱丿⿸𢀳丶殳 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3028 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集下 辵部 folio 59b] 「𨖏……本作𨗋。俗作～」 || ||
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| ⿺辶⿱⿰巳巳大 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3030 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集下 辵部 folio 61b] 「選……【說文】本作𨕖。俗作～。」 || ||
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| ⿺𠃊業 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3032 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集下 辵部 folio 63b] 「𨗩……【巵言】《漢司隷楊厥碑》𨗩通石門，𨗩，卽鑿也。省作～。今作𨗩者，以辶代𠃊，如匹作𰺰，匣作𲅚，陋作⿰阝𫐣之類，謂之隷變，古有此例。【正字通】𨗩者，𨖐之譌，《春秋公羊傳》鑿行。《前漢·張騫傳》鑿空。皆从⿳业丷臿，古作⿳业丷臿。隷作𨖐。𨖐爲⿳业丷臿之變體，𨗩爲𨖐之譌文也。」 || ||
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| ⿰阝𫐣 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3032 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集下 辵部 folio 63b] 「𨗩……【巵言】《漢司隷楊厥碑》𨗩通石門，𨗩，卽鑿也。省作⿺𠃊業。今作𨗩者，以辶代𠃊，如匹作𰺰，匣作𲅚，陋作～之類，謂之隷變，古有此例。【正字通】𨗩者，𨖐之譌，《春秋公羊傳》鑿行。《前漢·張騫傳》鑿空。皆从⿳业丷臿，古作⿳业丷臿。隷作𨖐。𨖐爲⿳业丷臿之變體，𨗩爲𨖐之譌文也。」 || ||
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| ⿳业丷臿 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3032 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集下 辵部 folio 63b] 「𨗩……【巵言】《漢司隷楊厥碑》𨗩通石門，𨗩，卽鑿也。省作⿺𠃊業。今作𨗩者，以辶代𠃊，如匹作𰺰，匣作𲅚，陋作⿰阝𫐣之類，謂之隷變，古有此例。【正字通】𨗩者，𨖐之譌，《春秋公羊傳》鑿行。《前漢·張騫傳》鑿空。皆从～，古作～。隷作𨖐。𨖐爲～之變體，𨗩爲𨖐之譌文也。」 || ||
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| ⿺辶臸 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3033 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集下 辵部 folio 65a] 「邇……【說文】別作～」 || ||
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| ⿱如邑 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3042 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集下 邑部 folio 74a] 「𨚴……【說文】地名。一作～。」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰⿳芏灬火阝 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3061 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集下 邑部 folio 92b]  「𨞿……本作～」 || ||
|-
| ⿵門鬼 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3076 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）酉集下 酉部 folio 107b] 「䤈……【王延壽·王孫賦】豁盱～以瑣䤈」 || *WS2027 || ECCA
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| ⿰金犂 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3154 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）戌集上 金部 folio 52b] 「𨪏	【集韻】昨悉切，音疾。𨪏～，鐵撾。」; variant of 𬬁 || ||
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| ⿱髟主 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3180 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）戌集上 長部 folio 78b] 「𨲢……【後山叢談】作～」 || ||
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| ⿰阝先 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3225 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）戌集中 阜部 folio 6a] 「𨸪……【字彙】見周宣王《石鼓文》。鄭作～……凡作～⿰阝失跌陸四字，無作𨸪者，而四字亦迄無定說，闕疑可也。」|| *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰阝失 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3225 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）戌集中 阜部 folio 6a] 「𨸪……【字彙】薛作～字……凡作⿰阝先～跌陸四字，無作𨸪者，而四字亦迄無定說，闕疑可也。」|| *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰雲達 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3302 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）戌集中 雨部 folio 82b] 「靉……【洞天淸錄】靉靆，老人不辨細書，以此掩目則明。元人小說言靉靆出西域。譌作～，非。」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰革僉 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3337 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）戌集中 韋部 folio 117b] 「𩏩……【廣雅】寢衣衾～被也。」; variant of 𩏩 || ||
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| ⿰喬頁 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3351 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）戌集下 頁部 folio 1a] 「𩑍【字彙】牛召切，音傲。舉頭～𩑍」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰⿱士𰥍㐱 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3359 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）戌集下 頁部 folio 8b] 「䪾……【五音集韻】作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰弗頁 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3362 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）戌集下 頁部 folio 11b] 「頩……【博雅】～頩，色也。」; variant of 艴 || ||
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| ⿰雚骨 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3378 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）戌集下 頁部 folio 27b] 「顴……【集韻】輔骨曰顴。或作～。又或作𩪼。」 || ||
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| ⿺風⿸𠂇乂 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3381 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）戌集下 風部 folio 31a] 「颰……按字彙誤作～，非。今攺正。」 || ||
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| ⿰歺刂 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3382 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）戌集下 風部 folio 31b] 「颲……【註】與烈同。本作～」; variant of 列, used as component in 𠗗/𢴴/𩗦 || ||
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| ⿰香岑 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3420 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）戌集下 香部 folio 70a] 「䭱……【集韻】或作𩠿～馛」 || ||
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| ⿱力口 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3440 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）亥集上 馬部 folio 10b] 「𩢟……與駋字不同，駋从召，此从～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱艹電 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3462 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）亥集上 馬部 folio 32b] 「驥……【玉篇】引穆天子傳作～」; variant of 蘎 || ||
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| ⿰氵匱 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3470 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）亥集上 骨部 folio 41a] 「髓……【釋名】髓，遺也，遺，～也」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰衤弇 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3498 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）亥集上 鬼部 folio 68b] 「𩳢……或作殗裺～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰代鳥 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3554 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）亥集中 鳥部 folio 46a] 「鴏……【廣韻】～，鴨屬。」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰扌萮 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3555 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）亥集中 鳥部 folio 46b] 「𩿢……又【廣韻】【集韻】𠀤徒口切，音～。水鳥名」|| *WS2027 ||
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| ⿺兀兼 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3640 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）亥集下 黑部 folio 30b] 「黚……【集韻】紀炎切，音～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱𫸪一 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3648 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）亥集下 黹部 folio 39a] 「黻……○按黻之狀如～。～，古弗字」; variant of 𢏍 || ||
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| ⿰石憑 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3657 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）亥集下 鼓部 folio 47b] 「𪔑……～𪔑，石聲。」|| *WS2027 || E713
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| ⿰鼠僕 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3664 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）亥集下 鼠部 folio 54b] 「𪕷……【廣韻】～𪕷，鼠名。」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰戚鼻 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3667 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）亥集下 鼻部 folio 57b] 「𪖩……【字彙】許六切，音蓄。～鼻」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰牙齒 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3677 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）亥集下 齒部 folio 68a] 「𪘺……𪘺～，齒出貌。」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿰甲丹 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3685 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）亥集下 龜部 folio 75b] 「𪚮……或作～」 || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱㲋共 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3716 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）備考 丑集 大部 folio 10a] 「𡙖	【字彙補】古月切。與～同。」; variant of 𡙖 || ||
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| ⿰桒奧 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3730 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）補遺 辰集 木部 folio 23b] 「𣡉……【五音集韻】書作～」; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999017121-45805_%E5%A4%A7%E6%98%8E%E6%88%90%E5%8C%96%E5%BA%9A%E5%AF%85%E9%87%8D%E5%88%8A%E6%94%B9%E4%BD%B5%E4%BA%94%E9%9F%B3%E9%9B%86%E9%9F%BB_%E7%AC%AC9%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=10 大明成化庚寅重刊改併五音集韻（明成化刊本）卷13 folio 8b] || *WS2027 ||
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| ⿱巿食 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3756 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）補遺 戌集 食部 folio 49b] 「餶……【武林舊事】～有鵪鶉、餶飿兒，麵果也。」; 字彙補戌集拾遺 1b gives 市食, ligature of 市食 || ||
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| ⿰米制 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3829 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）備考 未集 米部 folio 48a] 「𥺈	【五音篇海】同㹞。【字彙補】～字之譌」 || ||
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| ⿰魚陀 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:4339956?n=3860 《康熙字典》（清康熙內府刊本）備考 亥集 魚部 folio 79a] 「𩸻	【篇海類編】同～。」; variant of 𩷿 || ||
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| ⿺辶⿱並八 || [[:zh:奎章閣志再草/下篇]]（[https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&amp;file=110393&amp;page=49 《奎章閣志》] p.49-L8），a variant of 「選」 || || 
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| ⿰亻𠂡 || [[:zh:奎章閣志再草/下篇]]（[https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=gb&amp;file=110393&amp;page=75 《奎章閣志》] p.75-L2），a variant of 「佩」 || || 
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| ⿵門拫 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASBL186_%E9%87%91%E9%99%B5%E6%96%B0%E5%BF%97.pdf&amp;page=54 金陵新志（元至正刊本）卷1 folio 24b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASBL186_%E9%87%91%E9%99%B5%E6%96%B0%E5%BF%97.pdf&amp;page=496 卷5 folio 13a] gives 闕, (place name 天⿵門拫山 = 牛頭山 = 天闕山), error of 闕 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿱雔鳥 || [https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:NDL942681_国語漢文自習要覧_-_附・仮名遣詳解.pdf/31 国語漢文自習要覧], reading おしどり(をしどり), https://zi.tools/⿱雔鳥, https://glyphwiki.org/wiki/u2ff1-u96d4-u9ce5 || || E6FC
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| ⿰木⿸厂丂 || [https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:NDL942681_国語漢文自習要覧_-_附・仮名遣詳解.pdf/31 国語漢文自習要覧], reading とち, variant of 栃, cf 𮓺(蛎), https://zi.tools/⿰木⿸厂丂, https://glyphwiki.org/wiki/u2ff0-u6728-u2ff8-u5382-u4e02 || || 
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| ⿺毛曲 || [https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:NDL942681_国語漢文自習要覧_-_附・仮名遣詳解.pdf/31 国語漢文自習要覧], reading わげ, https://zi.tools/⿺毛曲, https://glyphwiki.org/wiki/u2ffa-u6bdb-u66f2 || || E6FD
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| ⿱山⿺𥃤三 || 宋書（中華再造善本影印南宋初期刊宋元明弘治嘉靖遞修刊本）卷67 folio 19b; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005735-99477_%E8%AC%9D%E5%BA%B7%E6%A8%82%E9%9B%86_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=24 謝康樂集（明萬曆11年沈啓原刊本）卷1 folio 6]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47885402$1114i 謝康樂集（明萬曆葛寅亮刊漢魏諸名家集本）卷1 folio 5b]; 沈約: 《宋書》北京: 中華書局, 1974, ISBN 7-101-00309-5, pp. 1758, 1759; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428483725$132i 古文世編（明萬曆刊本）卷50 folio 54b](⿱山⿰目𫧇); 管城碩記（中華書局，1998，ISBN 9787101011913）pp. 374(⿱山⿰目𫧇); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-363-0042_%E8%B3%A6%E8%8B%91_%E5%B7%BB7%E4%B8%8A.pdf&amp;page=37 賦苑（明萬曆刊本）卷7上 folio 35a](⿱山眊); variant of [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/?id=01155 UK-20043] ⿱山皅, intermediate form between 𪨱 and ⿱山皅 || || 
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| ⿱山能 || [https://dl.ndl.go.jp/pid/2573448/1/32 奇賞齋古文彙編（明天啓刊本）卷136 folio 25b]; error of ⿱山⿺𥃤三 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿳昍土昍 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-6333_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC394%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=2 靈寶無量度人上經大法（明正統道藏本）卷13 folio 1a] || || 
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| ⿳昍亠昍 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8424_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2916%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=29 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷8 folio 11c]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_53616033_%E9%9B%B2%E7%AC%88%E4%B8%83%E7%B1%A4_v.3%E5%8D%B7%E4%B9%8B%E4%BA%94~%E5%8D%B7%E4%B9%8B%E5%85%AB.pdf&amp;page=70 雲笈七籖（明張萱清真館刊本）卷8 folio 14b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8771_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC3009%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=8 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷101 folio 3]; 駢字類編（清雍正刊本）卷85 folio 4a || || 
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| ⿳昍一昍 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10836_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4515%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=3 上清高聖太上大道君洞真金元八景玉錄（明正統道藏本）folio 1b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3A%E6%96%87%E6%B7%B5%E9%96%A3%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8_1060%E5%86%8A.djvu&amp;page=81 雲笈七籖（清文淵閣四庫全書本）卷8 folio 15b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-278-0137_%E7%B6%9A%E5%AD%97%E5%BD%99%E8%A3%9C4.pdf&amp;page=6 續字彙補（寬文九年刊本）辰集 folio 3b] || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿺辶欵 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8536_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2927%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=43 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷19 folio 17b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-9303_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC3645%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=43 太上老君中經（明正統道藏本）卷下 folio 17b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_53616033_%E9%9B%B2%E7%AC%88%E4%B8%83%E7%B1%A4_v.7%E5%8D%B7%E4%B9%8B%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD~%E5%8D%B7%E4%B9%8B%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D.pdf&amp;page=70 清真館刊本] gives 遨, variant of 遨 || *WS2027 || E7D2
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| ⿱雨杓 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8441_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2930%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=15 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷22 folio 6a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10684_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4497%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=10 上清外國放品青童內文（明正統道藏本）卷下 folio 4a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC919%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=3 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 1];[https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8498_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2937%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=16 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷29 folio 6b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10783_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4507%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=9 上清九丹上化胎精中記經（明正統道藏本）卷1 folio 3c] || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰礻舁 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8441_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2930%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=15 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷22 folio 6a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-10684_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4497%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=13 上清外國放品青童內文（明正統道藏本）卷下 folio 5b]; alternative text: 褉(⿰礻𢍆) || *WS2027 || E7B3
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| ⿱雨墮 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8441_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2930%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=15 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷22 folio 6a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-10684_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4497%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=13 上清外國放品青童內文（明正統道藏本）卷下 folio 5b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC919%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=3 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 1] || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱雨提 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8441_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2930%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=16 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷22 folio 6b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-10684_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4497%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=15 上清外國放品青童內文（明正統道藏本）卷下 folio 6a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC919%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=4 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 2];[https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8498_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2937%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=17 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷29 folio 7a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10783_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4507%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=10 上清九丹上化胎精中記經（明正統道藏本）卷1 folio 4a] || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱雨頭 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8441_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2930%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=16 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷22 folio 6b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-10684_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4497%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=15 上清外國放品青童內文（明正統道藏本）卷下 folio 6a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8498_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2937%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=17 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷29 folio 7a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10783_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4507%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=10 上清九丹上化胎精中記經（明正統道藏本）卷1 folio 4a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-9182_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC3321%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=26 無上秘要（明正統道藏本）卷16 folio 10] || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱雨師 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8441_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2930%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=17 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷22 folio 7a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-10684_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4497%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=17 上清外國放品青童內文（明正統道藏本）卷下 folio 7a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC919%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=5 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 3];[https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8498_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2937%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=23 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷29 folio 9b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10783_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4507%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=17 上清九丹上化胎精中記經（明正統道藏本）卷1 folio 7a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-9182_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC3321%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=27 無上秘要（明正統道藏本）卷16 folio 11] || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱雨慶 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8441_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2930%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=17 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷22 folio 7a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-10684_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4497%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=17 上清外國放品青童內文（明正統道藏本）卷下 folio 7a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC919%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=5 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 3];[https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8498_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2937%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=23 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷29 folio 9b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10783_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4507%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=17 上清九丹上化胎精中記經（明正統道藏本）卷1 folio 7a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-9182_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC3321%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=27 無上秘要（明正統道藏本）卷16 folio 11] || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱雨持 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8441_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2930%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=18 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷22 folio 7b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-10684_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4497%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=19 上清外國放品青童內文（明正統道藏本）卷下 folio 8a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC919%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=5 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 3];[https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8498_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2937%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=23 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷29 folio 9b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10783_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4507%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=17 上清九丹上化胎精中記經（明正統道藏本）卷1 folio 7a] || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱雨𮃣 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8441_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2930%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=19 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷22 folio 7c]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-10684_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4497%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=20 上清外國放品青童內文（明正統道藏本）卷下 folio 9a]; || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱雨蘇 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC919%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=6 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 4] || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱雨越 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8441_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2930%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=19 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷22 folio 7c]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-10684_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4497%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=20 上清外國放品青童內文（明正統道藏本）卷下 folio 9a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC919%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=6 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 4]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8498_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2937%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=23 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷29 folio 9b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10783_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4507%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=18 上清九丹上化胎精中記經（明正統道藏本）卷1 folio 7b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-9182_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC3321%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=30 無上秘要（明正統道藏本）卷16 folio 12] || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱雨梓 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8441_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2930%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=19 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷22 folio 7]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-10684_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4497%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=22 上清外國放品青童內文（明正統道藏本）卷下 folio 10]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC919%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=8 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 5]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8498_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2937%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=29 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷29 folio 12]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10783_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4507%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=24 上清九丹上化胎精中記經（明正統道藏本）卷1 folio 10](⿱雨𭡄) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱雨凝 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8441_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2930%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=20 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷22 folio 8]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-10684_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4497%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=24 上清外國放品青童內文（明正統道藏本）卷下 folio 11]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC919%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=9 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 5]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8498_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2937%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=30 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷29 folio 12]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10783_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4507%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=25 上清九丹上化胎精中記經（明正統道藏本）卷1 folio 10]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-9182_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC3321%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=32 無上秘要（明正統道藏本）卷16 folio 13] || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱雨淵 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8441_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2930%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=21 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷22 folio 8]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-10684_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4497%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=26 上清外國放品青童內文（明正統道藏本）卷下 folio 12]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC919%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=10 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 6]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8498_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2937%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=30 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷29 folio 12]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10783_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4507%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=25 上清九丹上化胎精中記經（明正統道藏本）卷1 folio 10]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-9182_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC3321%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=34 無上秘要（明正統道藏本）卷16 folio 13] || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱雨堕 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8498_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2937%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=17 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷29 folio 7] || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱雨隨 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10783_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4507%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=9 上清九丹上化胎精中記經（明正統道藏本）卷1 folio 3c]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-9182_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC3321%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=25 無上秘要（明正統道藏本）卷16 folio 10] || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱雨勤 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8498_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2937%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=17 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷29 folio 7a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10684_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4497%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=10 上清外國放品青童內文（明正統道藏本）卷下 folio 5b]; alternative text: 𫕬 || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱雨羅 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8498_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2937%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=17 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷29 folio 7a] || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱雨維 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10783_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4507%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=10 上清九丹上化胎精中記經（明正統道藏本）卷1 folio 4]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-9182_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC3321%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=24 無上秘要（明正統道藏本）卷16 folio 10]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-9182_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC3321%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=26 無上秘要（明正統道藏本）卷16 folio 10]; alternative text: 羅 || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱雨住 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8498_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2937%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=23 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷29 folio 9b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10684_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4497%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=19 上清外國放品青童內文（明正統道藏本）卷下 folio 8]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC919%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=5 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 3] || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱雨穌 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8498_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2937%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=23 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷29 folio 9b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10783_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4507%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=18 上清九丹上化胎精中記經（明正統道藏本）卷1 folio 7b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-9182_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC3321%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=30 無上秘要（明正統道藏本）卷16 folio 12] || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰礻署 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8914_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2970%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=19 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷62 folio 7]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_53616033_%E9%9B%B2%E7%AC%88%E4%B8%83%E7%B1%A4_v.19%E5%8D%B7%E4%B9%8B%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80~%E5%8D%B7%E4%B9%8B%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B.pdf&amp;page=30 雲笈七籖（明張萱清真館刊本）卷62 folio 9a] || *WS2027 || E7B4
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| ⿸疒𩉂 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8662_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2982%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=41 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷74 folio 16]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10688_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4501%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=38 上清太上帝君九真中經（明正統道藏本）] gives 黶; variant of 靨 || *WS2027 || E7C5
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| ⿰禾𢨯 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8680_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2985%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=7 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷77 folio 3]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-10831_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC4442%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=50 洞真太上紫度炎光神元變經（明正統道藏本）] gives 𣓠 || *WS2027 || E7C6
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| ⿱艹衆 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8681_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC2986%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=7 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷78 folio 3](鳶尾之佐黃⿱艹衆), 黃⿱艹衆 might be 黃寰〔環〕, 《神農本草經》：「黃環，鳶尾爲使」 || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰木⿳䉅奻山 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-8848_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC3030%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=2 雲笈七籖（明正統道藏本）卷121 folio 1](孚郭切); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AZHSY100478_%E8%9C%80%E4%B8%AD%E5%BB%A3%E8%A8%98_%E6%98%8E%E6%9B%B9%E5%AD%B8%E4%BD%BA%E6%92%B0_%E6%98%8E%E5%88%BB%E6%9C%AC.pdf&amp;page=1421 蜀中廣記（明刊本）神仙記卷6 folio 12a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12368715_%E6%A8%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%96%87%E9%9B%86%E8%A3%9C%E7%B7%A8_4.pdf&amp;page=33 樊南文集補編（上海中華書局聚珍仿宋本）卷10 folio 16b] || *WS2027 || F55B
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| ⿰魚体 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999029114-148912_%E6%B8%85%E9%96%9F%E9%96%A3%E5%85%A8%E9%9B%86_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=21 清閟閣全集（清康熙刊本）倪氏世系 folio 5a]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:54145692$402i 居易錄（清康熙刊本）卷20 folio 3a]; person name, might be error of 鮴 || || E724
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| ⿰魚卸 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC403-312001079148-103096_%E6%A1%82%E5%B9%B3%E7%B8%A3%E8%AA%8C_%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B9%E5%B9%B4(1920)_%E5%8D%B7%E4%B9%9D.pdf&amp;page=6 桂平縣志（民國9年鉛印本）卷8 folio 5a](⿰魚⿰缶阝); ⿰魚卸古嶺, place name, it might be the [https://map.baidu.com/poi/%E7%9F%B3%E5%8F%A4%E5%B2%AD/@12266752.48,2675305.4250256545,15.7z 贵港市桂平市石古岭]. ⿰魚卸古 = [https://zh.wiktionary.org/zh-hant/%E7%9F%B3%E7%89%AF 石牯](stone) || || E72D
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| ⿰土道 || [https://sillok.history.go.kr/mc/id/msilok_011_1090_0010_0010_0250_0040 明神宗實錄卷109 folio 8a](朱廷⿰土道); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-292-0001_%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81%E5%A4%A7%E5%BF%97_%E5%B7%BB3.pdf&amp;page=56 江西省大志（明萬曆刊本）卷3 folio 55a], [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-292-0001_%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81%E5%A4%A7%E5%BF%97_%E5%B7%BB3.pdf&amp;page=71 folio 70a], [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-292-0001_%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81%E5%A4%A7%E5%BF%97_%E5%B7%BB3.pdf&amp;page=83 folio 82a](three person named as 朱謀⿰土道); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ACADAL02064958_%E6%9D%8E%E5%AE%AE%E4%BF%9D%E6%B9%98%E6%B4%B2%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F%E9%9B%86%EF%BC%88%E4%B9%9D%EF%BC%89.djvu&amp;page=139 李宮保湘洲先生集（四庫全書存目叢書南京圖書館藏淸刻本）卷9 folio 73a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-GBZX0301010647-251021_%E6%9D%8E%E6%96%87%E8%8E%8A%E5%85%AC%E5%85%A8%E9%9B%86_%E5%8D%81%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=55 李文莊公全集（清光緒刊本）卷2 folio 12a](朱幹⿰土道) || *WS2027 || E72F
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| ⿰石㖾 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=9 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷1 folio 2a](⿰石⿱吅⿻𠫘凵); 文淵閣四庫全書 gives ⿰石𦈯 || pending better evidences || E768/E769
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| ⿰亻律 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=9 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷1 folio 2a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_2.pdf&amp;page=8 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷1 folio 6b]; ⿰亻律魁 = 侓魁/律魁 || || E76A
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| ⿺辶勅 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=10 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷1 folio 2b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_2.pdf&amp;page=11 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷1 folio 9b]; variant of 遫 || || E76C
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| ⿰山朁 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=10 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷1 folio 3a](⿰山㬱); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_2.pdf&amp;page=14 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷1 folio 12b]; ⿰山朁崟 = 嶜崟, variant of 嶜 || || E76D
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| ⿱𭃌衣 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=16 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷1 folio 8b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_2.pdf&amp;page=43 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷2 folio 11b, 12a]; ⿱𭃌衣葪, error for 袃葪 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰彳㞕 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=16 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷1 folio 8b]; 徶⿰彳㞕 = 徶㣯, propose new UCV 屑㞕 || || 
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| ⿰亻郄 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=20 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 2a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_3.pdf&amp;page=11 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷3 folio 10a]; 券⿰亻郄 = 券𠊬, variant of 𠊬/𢔘 || || 
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| ⿰歹犬 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=20 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 2a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_3.pdf&amp;page=11 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷3 folio 10a](⿰歺犬); 炔⿰歹犬 = 𣧂𣧎; error for 𣧂 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰石析 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=20 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 2a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_3.pdf&amp;page=11 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷3 folio 10a]; ⿰石析殙 = 㱤殙; error for 㱤 || pending better evidences || 
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| ⿰氐欠 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=21 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 3a]; ⿰氐欠⿰盧欠 = 㪆㪭 || || 
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| ⿰盧欠 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=21 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 3a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_3.pdf&amp;page=18 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷3 folio 16b]; ⿰氐欠⿰盧欠 = 㪆㪭 || || 
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| ⿰革貫 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:CADAL06050605_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%C2%B7%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%80~%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%83.djvu&amp;page=32 駢雅（文淵閣四庫全書本）卷2 folio 3b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=22 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 3b] gives 𩍾; error of 𩍾 || || F38A
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| ⿰𧾷悤 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=22 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 4a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_3.pdf&amp;page=27 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷3 folio 26a]; 𨇘⿰𧾷悤 = 𨇘𨂴; variant of 𨂴 || || 
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| ⿸厂歋 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=23 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 4a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_3.pdf&amp;page=32 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷3 folio 26a] gives 歋; variant of 歋 || || 
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| ⿱夆炏 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=24 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 5b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_4.pdf&amp;page=2 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷4 folio 1a]; variant of 㷭 || || 
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| ⿰⿱𣦵韭又 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=25 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 6b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_4.pdf&amp;page=8 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷4 folio 6b]; variant of 韰 || || 
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| ⿸疒𮥼 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=25 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 7a]; ⿸疒𮥼𤷃 = 𤺻𤷃, variant of 𤺻 || || 
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| ⿰亻雝 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=27 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 8b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_4.pdf&amp;page=23 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷4 folio 21b]; ⿰亻雝降 = 㒕降, variant of 㒕 || || 
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| ⿰忄匾 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=28 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 10a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_4.pdf&amp;page=33 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷4 folio 32a]; 愝⿰忄匾 = 愝惼; variant of 惼 || || 
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| ⿺毛唐 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=37 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷3 folio 8b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999031766-147303_%E9%87%8D%E8%A8%82%E7%9B%B4%E9%9F%B3%E7%AF%87_%E7%AC%AC7%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=11 重訂直音篇（練川明德書院明萬曆三十四年刊本）卷7 folio 6b]; variant of 㲥 || || 
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| ⿰酉蔥 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=38 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷3 folio 10a]; variant of 𨡮 || || 
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| ⿰月析 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=38 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷3 folio 10a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_5.pdf&amp;page=25 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷5 folio 23b]; 胓⿰月析 = 胓𦠠 = 胓䏳; variant of 䏳 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰鹵念 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46372_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=39 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷3 folio 10b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_5.pdf&amp;page=26 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷5 folio 24b]; 𪉿⿰鹵念 = 𪉿𨡎; variant of 𨡎 || || 
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| ⿰耑巵 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46373_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=3 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷4 folio 1b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_5.pdf&amp;page=34 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷8 folio 5a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-412004000234-86192_%E9%9B%86%E9%9F%BB_%E7%AC%AC5%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=42 集韻（宋潭州刊本）卷5 folio 42a]; variant of 𦓝 || || 
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| ⿰革析 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46373_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=6 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷4 folio 5a]; 鞞⿰革析 = 鞞䩢; error of 䩢 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿱巳⿶凵氺 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46373_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=7 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷4 folio 5b]; [http://www.kanripo.org/text/KR1j0013/004#5a 駢雅（清文淵閣四庫全書本）卷4 folio 5a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46373_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=8 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷4 folio 6b]; variant of 圅; bottom component of 𩄥 || || 
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| ⿱艹屏 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46373_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=10 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷5 folio 1b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_6.pdf&amp;page=32 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷10 folio 5a]; variant of 蓱 || || 
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| ⿲氵⿱𣦵韭又 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46373_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=10 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷5 folio 2a]; 沆⿲氵⿱𣦵韭又 = 沆瀣; variant of 瀣 || || 
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| ⿱艹䚜 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46373_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=22 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷6 folio 4a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_7.pdf&amp;page=20 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷12 folio 18b]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:54163003$85i 初學記（明嘉靖刊本）卷3 folio 8a](蒲結反); ⿱艹䚜挈 = 萆挈, variant of 萆/[https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/?id=03350 ⿱艹坡] || || 
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| ⿰木旉 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46373_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=25 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷6 folio 7a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-GBZX0301014885-292975_%E4%BE%86%E7%A6%BD%E9%A4%A8%E9%9B%86_%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC6%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=10 來禽館集（明萬曆刊本）卷11 folio 9b](或䢣㩜乎⿰木旉木之采); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-GBZX0301015234-294594_%E8%95%89%E8%BB%92%E9%9A%A8%E9%8C%84_%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC12%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=32 蕉軒隨錄（清同治刊本）卷12 folio 28b](⿰木旉桑曉日); variant of 榑 || || 
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| ⿱肥土 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46373_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=29 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷7 folio 2b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_7.pdf&amp;page=63 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷14 folio 12b];[https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:15431846$333i 六家詩名物疏（明萬曆刊本）卷16 folio 15a]; ⿱肥土 = 蜰齊; variant of 蜰 || || 
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| ⿱楊虫 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46373_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=29 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷7 folio 2b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_7.pdf&amp;page=63 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷14 folio 13a]; variant of [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/?id=03622 ⿱揚虫] || || 
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| ⿰⿱叕酉鳥 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46373_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=29 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷7 folio 3a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_7.pdf&amp;page=65 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷14 folio 14b,15a]; 蛤⿰⿱叕酉鳥 = 蛤歠, variant of 歠 || || 
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| ⿰虫矛 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_7.pdf&amp;page=79 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷14 folio 29a](⿰虫予當作⿰虫矛) || || E742
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| ⿰午鳥 || [http://www.kanripo.org/text/KR1j0013/007#7b 駢雅（清文淵閣四庫全書本）卷7 folio 7b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46373_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=34 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷7 folio 7a] gives 𩿞; error of 𩿞 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰亻茂 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46373_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=38 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷7 folio 12a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_8.pdf&amp;page=43 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷16 folio 14a, 14b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCL-07196_1_%E5%B0%91%E5%AE%A4%E5%B1%B1%E6%88%BF%E7%AD%86%E5%8F%A2.pdf&amp;page=448 少室山房筆叢（明天啓刊本）戊部三墳補逸下 folio 20a]; 白⿰亻茂 = 白𠌾 || || 
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| ⿰馬啻 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999023755-46373_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=38 駢雅（明萬曆刊本）卷7 folio 12a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-ho04_02010_%E9%A7%A2%E9%9B%85%E8%A8%93%E7%BA%82_8.pdf&amp;page=45 駢雅訓籑（清光緒刊本）卷16 folio 16a]; error of 䮰 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰耒隹 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-10486433_%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%86_%E6%96%B0%E5%AF%A7%E7%B8%A3%E8%AA%8C_8%E5%8D%B7.pdf&amp;page=89 新寧縣志（日本藏中國罕見地方志叢刊影印東洋文庫藏明萬曆刊本）卷8 folio 49a](朱幹⿰耒隹) || pending clearer evidences || 
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| ⿰火菜 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-412000001327-14304_%E5%BA%A6%E6%94%AF%E5%A5%8F%E8%AD%B0_%E7%AC%AC214%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=71 度支奏議（明崇禎刊本）陝西司卷2 folio 68a](朱輔⿰火菜) || *WS2027 || E732
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| ⿱潘灬 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999032216-150808_%E6%88%90%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%81%E4%BA%A5%E9%87%8D%E5%88%8A%E6%94%B9%E4%BD%B5%E4%BA%94%E9%9F%B3%E9%A1%9E%E8%81%9A%E5%9B%9B%E8%81%B2%E7%AF%87_%E7%AC%AC5%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=21 成化丁亥重刊改併五音類聚四聲篇（明成化刊本）卷13 folio 20a]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49300619$69i 汾州府志（明萬曆刊本）卷3 folio 6b](朱知⿱潘火); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCL-04806_%E8%96%9B%E6%81%AD%E6%95%8F%E5%85%AC%E5%A5%8F%E7%96%8F.pdf&amp;page=378 薛恭敏公奏疏（鈔本）卷14](朱融⿱潘火) || *WS2027&lt;br/&gt;*WS2027  || E733&lt;br/&gt;E5D7
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| ⿰齒蜀 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:51492726$95i 空同集（明嘉靖朱睦㮮刊本）卷2 folio 7a](囷京顔之崪嶃隍壘⿰齒蜀而莽没); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4758931 湖廣總志（明萬曆刊本）卷80 folio 25b](pp86) || *WS2027 || E772
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| ⿰目帝 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:51492726$97i 空同集（明嘉靖朱睦㮮刊本）卷2 folio 9a](⿰目帝之若住忽奔噴兮石雷壑而驟崩); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-GBZX0301013157-260080_%E7%87%95%E5%B7%9D%E9%9B%86_%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC5%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=63 燕川集（清刊本）卷11 folio 26a](⿰目帝視) || *WS2027 || F278
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| ⿱山險 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:51494773$273i 空同子集（明萬曆長洲鄧雲霄刊本）卷13 folio 6b](巘奔崩萬壑, 㑹⿱山險絶一徑); [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:51492726$216i 空同集（明嘉靖朱睦㮮刊本）卷13 folio 4a] gives 𡽗; variant of 𡽗 || *WS2027 || E773
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| ⿰口譍 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:51492726$273i 空同集（明嘉靖朱睦㮮刊本）卷17 folio 11a](⿰口⿳亠倠言); [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:51494773$361i 空同子集（明萬曆長洲鄧雲霄刊本）卷19 folio 13a](小兒⿰口譍啞始學語育之後屋逢今雨); variant of 𡄖 || *WS2027 || E774
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| ⿰革匝 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:51492726$308i 空同集（明嘉靖朱睦㮮刊本）卷20 folio 1b]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:51494773$413i 空同子集（明萬曆長洲鄧雲霄刊本）卷22 folio 2b](絡頭鞈⿰革匝純用銀細巧似織翻江鱗) || *WS2027 || E775
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| ⿱雨晻 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:51494773$795i 空同子集（明萬曆長洲鄧雲霄刊本）卷41 folio 3a](靈⿱雨晻靄兮來至風泠泠兮堂戸); [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:51492726$636i 空同集（明嘉靖朱睦㮮刊本）卷40 folio 2a] gives 𩃗; variant of 𩃗 || *WS2027 || E776
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| ⿺虎孝 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:51492726$946i 空同集（明嘉靖朱睦㮮刊本）卷59 folio 10a]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:51494773$1150i 空同子集（明萬曆長洲鄧雲霄刊本）卷60 folio 11b](動若虎⿺虎孝靜若女濳); variant of 𡦵? || *WS2027 || E777
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| ⿰日⿱罒卒 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC403-312001059275-56437_%E9%99%9D%E8%A5%BF%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%97_%E6%B8%85%E5%BA%B7%E7%86%996-7%E5%B9%B4(1667-1668)_%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C.pdf&amp;page=252 陝西通志（清康熙刊本）卷32樂folio 73b](文翔鳳《齊五嶽賦》「天垂垂其下曙，暾⿰日⿱罒卒⿰日⿱罒卒其夜曈」); variant of 曎? || || 
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| ⿱涂甘 || [https://www.loc.gov/resource/lcnclscd.2014514336.1A035/?sp=12&amp;st=image&amp;r=0.754,0.267,0.243,0.149,0 大明會典（明正德司禮監刊本）卷35 folio 10b], [https://www.loc.gov/resource/lcnclscd.2014514336.1A035/?sp=16&amp;st=image&amp;r=0.512,0.222,0.323,0.198,0 folio 14b] (⿱凃甘), [https://dl.ndl.go.jp/pid/2545518/1/33 （明翻刻正德司禮監本）10b] [https://dl.ndl.go.jp/pid/2545518/1/37 （明翻刻正德司禮監本）14b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-GBZX0301010935-253329_%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E9%B9%BD%E6%B3%95%E5%BF%97_%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC16%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=9 四川鹽法志（清光緒刊本）卷27 folio 8a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCL-04915_%E8%AB%B8%E5%8F%B8%E8%81%B7%E6%8E%8C.pdf&amp;page=117 諸司職掌（明初重刊本）金科 folio 6b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCL-04914_%E8%AB%B8%E5%8F%B8%E8%81%B7%E6%8E%8C.pdf&amp;page=251 諸司職掌（明洪武刊本）金科:35b] gives 涂甘井; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:54470196$48i 大明會典228卷（明萬曆刊本）33:18b] gives 涂甘井; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASBL035_%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8_1.pdf&amp;page=772 新唐書（南宋刊本）卷54] gives 塗𣉯, might be ligature of 涂甘 or a variant of 𣉯/㽏 || *WS2027 || E524
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| ⿰釒屑 || [https://www.loc.gov/resource/lcnclscd.2014514336.1A162/?sp=19&amp;st=image&amp;r=0.496,0.502,0.49,0.313,0 大明會典（明正德司禮監刊本）卷162 folio 17b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999025248-41133_%E8%AB%B8%E5%8F%B8%E8%81%B7%E6%8E%8C_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=104 諸司職掌（明刊本）工屯部:41a] gives corrupted 鋦; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428230898$62i 大明會典228卷（明萬曆刊本）203:12b] gives 鋦; error of 鋦 || pending more evidences || 
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| ⿰缶付 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-412004000930-83326_%E8%A8%98%E7%BA%82%E6%B7%B5%E6%B5%B7_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=22 記纂淵海（南宋刊本）卷15 folio 7a] (⿰𦈢付); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-366-0006_%E8%A8%98%E7%BA%82%E6%B7%B5%E6%B5%B7_%E5%B7%BB56-57.pdf&amp;page=57 記纂淵海（明萬曆刊本）卷57 folio 13a] (⿰𦈢付); 何志華: 《唐宋類書徵引〈淮南子〉資料彙編》, 中文大學出版社, 2005, pp. 98; alternative text: [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/?id=03133 ⿰缶央] || *WS2027 || E526
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| ⿰魚党 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCL-04076_%E9%96%A9%E4%B8%AD%E6%B5%B7%E9%8C%AF%E7%96%8F.pdf&amp;page=23 閩中海錯疏（明萬曆刊本）卷中 folio 5b, 6a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-412000004805-5796_%E8%97%9D%E6%B5%B7%E7%8F%A0%E5%A1%B5_%E7%AC%AC28%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=68 閩中海錯疏（清乾隆藝海珠塵本）卷中 folio 4b]; ⿰魚党魟 = 𩽳魟 || *WS2027 || E7AE
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| ⿰口俾 || [https://www.dpm.org.cn/dyx.html?path=/Uploads/tilegenerator/dest/files/image/8831/2009/0877/img0003.xml 籌辦夷務始末（清內府抄本）凡例]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911603_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B771%E4%B9%8B72.pdf&amp;page=69 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷72 folio 3a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911604_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B773%E4%B9%8B74.pdf&amp;page=71 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷73 folio 35a]; 𪢝⿰口俾⿰口士 = 𪢝𠳓𠺮 = [[w:en:John Francis Davis|John Francis Davis]]&lt;br&gt;[https://archive.org/details/chinesemadeeasy00brourich/page/n321/mode/2up Chinese Made Easy] (𠾦酒 = ⿰口俾酒 = beer) || || E7D5
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| ⿰口穵 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911570_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B75%E4%B9%8B6.pdf&amp;page=46 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷5 folio 22b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC403-312001065210-95864_%E5%90%8C%E5%AE%98%E7%B8%A3%E8%AA%8C_%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B33%E5%B9%B4(1944)_%E5%8D%B7%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB.pdf&amp;page=16 同官縣志（民國33年鉛印本）卷27 folio 16b] L8; ⿰口穵呅 = ?, 𠻃𡁠⿰口士 = [[w:en:John Pope Hennessy|John Pope Hennessy]]; || || E7D6
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| ⿰口䧞 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911570_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B75%E4%B9%8B6.pdf&amp;page=119 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷6 folio 31a]; ⿰口䧞⿰口帑⿰口陒𡁠 = Manuel, see also [https://www.macaudata.mo/macaubook/book253/html/018601.htm 兩廣總督李鴻賓等奏報審辦匪徒藉案打毁夷人房屋乘機搶奪等情摺] || || E7DA
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| ⿰口帑 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911570_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B75%E4%B9%8B6.pdf&amp;page=119 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷6 folio 31a] || || E7DC
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| ⿰口陒 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911570_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B75%E4%B9%8B6.pdf&amp;page=119 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷6 folio 31a] || || E7DD
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| ⿰口經 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911571_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B77%E4%B9%8B8.pdf&amp;page=38 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷7 folio 18b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:WUL-bunko11_d0327_%E6%9E%97%E6%96%87%E5%BF%A0%E5%85%AC%E6%94%BF%E6%9B%B8_05.pdf&amp;page=65 林文忠公政書（清光緒刊本）乙集使粵奏稿卷3 folio 15b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911571_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B77%E4%B9%8B8.pdf&amp;page=44 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷7 folio 21b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-bunko11_d0327_%E6%9E%97%E6%96%87%E5%BF%A0%E5%85%AC%E6%94%BF%E6%9B%B8_05.pdf&amp;page=69 林文忠公政書（清光緒刊本）乙集使粵奏稿卷3 folio 20a]; ⿰口經 = C. W. King || || E7DF
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| ⿰口弁 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911571_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B77%E4%B9%8B8.pdf&amp;page=38 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷7 folio 18b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:WUL-bunko11_d0327_%E6%9E%97%E6%96%87%E5%BF%A0%E5%85%AC%E6%94%BF%E6%9B%B8_05.pdf&amp;page=65 林文忠公政書（清光緒刊本）乙集使粵奏稿卷3 folio 15b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911571_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B77%E4%B9%8B8.pdf&amp;page=44 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷7 folio 21b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-bunko11_d0327_%E6%9E%97%E6%96%87%E5%BF%A0%E5%85%AC%E6%94%BF%E6%9B%B8_05.pdf&amp;page=69 林文忠公政書（清光緒刊本）乙集使粵奏稿卷3 folio 20a]; ⿰口弁⿰口遜 = Hevlyn Benson, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/26458404 captain of the Morrison and of the Roman] || || E7E0
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| ⿰口淋 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911571_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B77%E4%B9%8B8.pdf&amp;page=123 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷8 folio 25a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911570_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B75%E4%B9%8B6.pdf&amp;page=46 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷5 folio 22b] has 吪啉𠶠, 吪⿰口淋𠶠 = 吪啉𠶠 = Framjee, variant of 啉 || || E7E4
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| ⿱艹牌 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911583_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B731%E4%B9%8B32.pdf&amp;page=126 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷32 folio 24b](藤⿱艹牌); [http://www.kanripo.org/text/KR2m0012/074#6a 《欽定大清會典》（清文淵閣四庫全書本）卷74 folio 6a](柳⿱艹牌); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-GBZX0301011018-254586_%E7%9A%87%E6%9C%9D%E7%91%A3%E5%B1%91%E9%8C%84_%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC11%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=21 《皇朝瑣屑錄》（清光緒刊本）卷30 folio 6a](柳⿱艹牌); 藤⿱艹牌 = 藤牌 || || E7E5
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| ⿰口斐 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911603_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B771%E4%B9%8B72.pdf&amp;page=151 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷72 folio 44a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12529953_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%92%B8%E8%B1%90%E6%9C%9D_%E5%8D%B719-20.pdf&amp;page=102 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）咸豐朝卷20 folio 22b]; ⿰口斐咧𡀣 = ?, 吼吠𪢝哺⿰口辨⿰口斐⿰口縻 = ? || || E66D
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| ⿰口河 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911604_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B773%E4%B9%8B74.pdf&amp;page=75 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷73 folio 37a]; ⿰口河𭋳啲, a Netherlandic ship || || E66E
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| ⿰口珥 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911604_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B773%E4%B9%8B74.pdf&amp;page=175 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷74 folio 47a]; ⿰口壁⿰口珥 = ⿰口璧咡 = [[w:en:James Biddle|James Biddle]] || || E66F
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| ⿰口璧 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911605_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B775%E4%B9%8B76.pdf&amp;page=3 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷75 folio 1a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12529948_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%92%B8%E8%B1%90%E6%9C%9D_%E5%8D%B71-4.pdf&amp;page=68 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）咸豐朝卷3 folio 33b]; [https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12640450_%E8%BF%91%E4%BB%A3%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2%E6%96%99%E5%8F%A2%E5%88%8A%E7%BA%8C%E7%B7%A8_%E7%AC%AC42%E8%BC%AF_%E6%9D%BE%E9%BE%95%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F%E5%85%A8%E9%9B%86_%E5%A5%8F%E7%96%8F_%E6%96%87%E9%9B%86.pdf&amp;page=97 松龕先生奏疏（近代中國史料叢刊續編影印民國4年鉛印本）卷下 folio 6b]; 啥⿰口璧 = ? || || E670
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| ⿰口鐸 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911605_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B775%E4%B9%8B76.pdf&amp;page=93 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷75 folio 46a]; ⿰口顧⿰口鐸𪢝 = [https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bdani.html François-Xavier-Timothée Danicourt] || || E671
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| ⿰口嘉 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12911606_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B777%E4%B9%8B78.pdf&amp;page=130 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷78 folio 19b]; 㕸⿰口嘉喇 = ? || || E673
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| ⿰口旺 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:SSID-12911607_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%8D%B779%E4%B9%8B80.pdf&amp;page=6 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）道光朝卷79 folio 2b]; 嚧⿰口旺 = ⿰口陸𠸄 = [[w:zh:法國駐華大使列表|Alexandre de Forth-Rouen]] || || E674
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| ⿰口杏 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12530034_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%92%B8%E8%B1%90%E6%9C%9D_%E5%8D%B715-16.pdf&amp;page=6 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）咸豐朝卷15 folio 2b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12530034_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%92%B8%E8%B1%90%E6%9C%9D_%E5%8D%B715-16.pdf&amp;page=9 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）咸豐朝卷15 folio 4a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC403-311998004480-50060_%E6%88%90%E9%83%BD%E9%80%9A%E8%A6%BD_%E5%8D%B7%E4%BA%8C.pdf&amp;page=267 成都通覽（清宣統成都通俗報社石印本）卷2 folio 260b]; 吁𡁠⿰口杏 = [http://ecole.nav.traditions.free.fr/officiers_guerin_nicolas.htm Nicolas François GUÉRIN]; 媽⿰口杏 = 瞎子 || || E7EF
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| ⿰口庭 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12529953_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%92%B8%E8%B1%90%E6%9C%9D_%E5%8D%B719-20.pdf&amp;page=102 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）咸豐朝卷20 folio 22b]; 𫩢⿰口庭⿰口柏唲 = ? || || E675
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| ⿰口柏 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12529953_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%92%B8%E8%B1%90%E6%9C%9D_%E5%8D%B719-20.pdf&amp;page=102 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）咸豐朝卷20 folio 22b]; 𫩢⿰口庭⿰口柏唲 = ? || || E676
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| ⿰口辨 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12529953_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%92%B8%E8%B1%90%E6%9C%9D_%E5%8D%B719-20.pdf&amp;page=102 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）咸豐朝卷20 folio 22b] || || E67E
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| ⿰口縻 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12529953_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%92%B8%E8%B1%90%E6%9C%9D_%E5%8D%B719-20.pdf&amp;page=102 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）咸豐朝卷20 folio 22b] || || E67F
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| ⿰口勷 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASSID-12530003_%E7%B1%8C%E8%BE%A6%E5%A4%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%A7%8B%E6%9C%AB_%E5%92%B8%E8%B1%90%E6%9C%9D_%E5%8D%B779-80.pdf&amp;page=160 籌辦夷務始末（故宮博物院影印清內府抄本）咸豐朝卷80 folio 27b]; 㕷啲⿰口勷 = ? || || E7F3
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| ⿰豕堯 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:24090754$2169i 《尚史》（清乾隆刊本）禮志卷4 folio 1a](氣質之秉⿰豕堯醇𭔃焉); [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:24090754$2321i 《尚史》（清乾隆刊本）序傳 folio 1b](散醇不⿰豕堯); variant of 澆? || *WS2027 || E68C
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| ⿰山寕 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC403-312001066880-14868_%E5%BE%90%E9%9C%9E%E5%AE%A2%E9%81%8A%E8%A8%98_%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%80.pdf&amp;page=80 《徐霞客游記》（清光緒7年瘦影山房木活字本）卷1下 folio 25a] (崢⿰山⿳宀𮕜一); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ACADAL02033947_%E7%BA%8C%E6%8C%87%E6%9C%88%E9%8C%84%EF%BC%88%E4%B8%83%EF%BC%89.djvu&amp;page=59 《續指月錄》（清康熙刊本）卷13 folio 2b] (崢⿰山𡨴); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-412000007096-232499_%E8%90%AC%E5%85%A8%E8%A8%98_%E7%AC%AC3%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=33 《萬全記》（清初刻本）下卷 folio 32b] (崢⿰山寕); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AZHSY100468_%E8%A5%BF%E6%B9%96%E4%BA%8C%E9%9B%86_%E6%98%8E%E5%91%A8%E6%A5%AB%E6%92%B0_%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%AB%E9%9B%B2%E6%9E%97%E8%81%9A%E9%8C%A6%E5%A0%82%E5%88%BB%E6%9C%AC.pdf&amp;page=263 《西湖二集》(明末雲林聚錦堂刻本) 卷11 folio 9a] (崢⿰山𡨴) || || E68E
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| ⿰飠⿱幺⺝ || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_28465675_%E8%90%AC%E5%A3%BD%E7%9B%9B%E5%85%B8%E5%88%9D%E9%9B%86_v.9.pdf&amp;page=64 《萬壽盛典初集》（清康熙刊本）卷28 folio 13a](饋⿰飠⿱幺⺝) || || E690
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| ⿰氵煎 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_28465675_%E8%90%AC%E5%A3%BD%E7%9B%9B%E5%85%B8%E5%88%9D%E9%9B%86_v.27.pdf&amp;page=33 《萬壽盛典初集》（清康熙刊本）卷81 folio 6b](洗⿰氵煎) || *WS2027 || E691
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| ⿰金苞 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_48904051_%E6%81%AF%E7%B8%A3%E5%BF%97_v.7%E5%8D%B7%E5%8D%81.pdf&amp;page=21 《息縣志》（清順治刊本）卷10 folio 20a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC403-312001069883-99172_%E6%81%AF%E7%B8%A3%E8%AA%8C_%E6%B8%85%E5%98%89%E6%85%B64%E5%B9%B4(1799)_%E5%8D%B7%E4%B9%9D.pdf&amp;page=20 《息縣志》（清嘉慶刊本）卷8 內紀上 folio 19a]; 朱蘊⿰金苞, variant of ⿰金袌, similar shape: 𨩦 || *WS2027 || E692
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| ⿸疒遣 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4429410 《欽定康濟錄》（清乾隆武英殿刊本）卷3下 folio 34b] (pp. 36)(疤⿸疒遣); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/588028 《硯雲》（清乾隆刊本）夢憶 folio 22b] (pp. 23) || *WS2027 || E6AA
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| ⿰月毚 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999011108-21900_%E5%90%B3%E4%B8%AD%E6%B0%B4%E5%88%A9%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8_%E7%AC%AC3%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=179 《吳中水利全書》（明崇禎刊本）卷5 folio 115b](鵝⿰月⿱⿳⺈𠔿比免浦); 卷10 folio 57b gives 艬, error for 艬 || || E94F
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| ⿱艹澳 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCL-03983_07_%E6%9D%B1%E5%90%B3%E6%B0%B4%E5%88%A9%E8%80%83.pdf&amp;page=20 《東吳水利考》（明天啓刊本）卷6 folio 79a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999011108-21902_%E5%90%B3%E4%B8%AD%E6%B0%B4%E5%88%A9%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8_%E7%AC%AC5%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=81 《吳中水利全書》（明崇禎刊本）卷7 folio 85a](葑⿱艹澳塘); alternative name: 葑澳塘, 葑𤀀塘 || *WS2027 || E950
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| ⿰氵旉 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCL-07404_%E6%88%92%E8%8F%B4%E8%80%81%E4%BA%BA%E6%BC%AB%E7%AD%86.pdf&amp;page=47 《戒菴老人漫筆》（明萬曆刊本）卷1 folio 11b](于公⿰氵旉); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999011108-22015_%E5%90%B3%E4%B8%AD%E6%B0%B4%E5%88%A9%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8_%E7%AC%AC15%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=59 《吳中水利全書》（明崇禎刊本）卷24 folio 12b](于君⿰氵旉); 于⿰氵旉, person name || *WS2027 || E952
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| ⿵戊貞 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999011108-22016_%E5%90%B3%E4%B8%AD%E6%B0%B4%E5%88%A9%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8_%E7%AC%AC16%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=73 《吳中水利全書》（明崇禎刊本）卷25 folio 71b](⿵戊貞事卽工); variant of 臧 || || E953
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| ⿱山戈 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999011108-22016_%E5%90%B3%E4%B8%AD%E6%B0%B4%E5%88%A9%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8_%E7%AC%AC16%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=83 《吳中水利全書》（明崇禎刊本）卷25 folio 82a](⿱山戈不念恤); variant of 嵗 || || E954
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| ⿱敏金 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-292-0001_%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81%E5%A4%A7%E5%BF%97_%E5%B7%BB3.pdf&amp;page=32 《江西省大志》（明萬曆刊本）卷3 folio 30b]([朱]統⿱敏金); 《三晉石刻大全·晉城市城區卷》(太原: 三晋出版社, 2012.12, [ISBN 978-7-5457-0648-2]) pp. 79 《誥封安人宗母鍾氏墓誌銘》([朱]鼐⿱敏金) || *WS2027 || E955
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| ⿰馬止 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AZHSY000097_%E5%AE%8B%E6%9B%B8%E4%B8%80%E7%99%BE%E5%8D%B7_(%E6%A2%81)%E6%B2%88%E7%B4%84_%E6%92%B0_%E5%AE%8B%E5%88%BB%E5%AE%8B%E5%85%83%E6%98%8E%E9%81%9E%E4%BF%AE%E6%9C%AC.pdf&amp;page=555 《宋書》（中華再造善本影印南宋元明三朝遞修本）卷16 folio 33b](綱威巡⿰馬止); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999017124-4288_%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E5%8F%B2_%E7%AC%AC123%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=47 《宋書》（明崇禎汲古閣刊本）卷16 folio 18b]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428463533$27i 《歷代名臣奏議》（明永樂刊本）卷294 folio 7a]; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/3938765 《廣廣文選》（明萬曆刊本）卷8 folio 53a](pp. 54); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-%E5%88%A5030-0001_%E8%AC%9D%E5%85%89%E7%A6%84%E9%9B%861.pdf&amp;page=25 《漢魏六朝一百三家集》(明崇禎刊本) 謝光祿集 folio 17a]; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/5093167 《歷代古文國瑋集》（明末刊本）卷47 folio 26a](pp. 114);[https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4764110 《岱覽》（清嘉慶刊本）卷5 folio 5a](pp. 6); alternative text: 䮃(宋書武英殿刊本), 駐(五禮通考50) || *WS2027 || E959
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| ⿱艹奸 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-412004000368-302714_%E5%8D%97%E9%BD%8A%E6%9B%B8_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=61 《南齊書》（南宋刻宋元明初遞修本）卷7 folio 9a](青⿱艹奸金口帶); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999017124-4237_%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E5%8F%B2_%E7%AC%AC136%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=73 《南齊書》（明崇禎汲古閣刊本）卷7 folio 5a]; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4417105 《史觹》（明萬曆刊本）卷7 folio 2a](p. 22); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/619277 《管城碩記》（清康熙刊本）卷21 folio 4b](pp. 6); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCPSSD-70011107_%E3%80%90%E5%90%8C%E6%B2%BB%E3%80%91%E4%B8%8A%E6%B1%9F%E5%85%A9%E7%B8%A3%E5%BF%97%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D%E5%8D%B7%E9%A6%96%E4%B8%80%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E5%86%8C.pdf&amp;page=39 同治上江兩縣志（清同治刊本）卷5 folio 8b];[https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCPSSD-71021848_%E5%B0%96%E9%99%BD%E5%8F%A2%E7%AD%86%E5%8D%81%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E5%86%8C.pdf&amp;page=63 吳騫:《尖陽叢筆》(宣統三年國學扶輪社鉛印本) 卷5 folio 5b, 6a]; variant of 䓸? || *WS2027 || E95A
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| ⿰衤䍃 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCL-01524_04_%E9%9A%8B%E6%9B%B8.pdf&amp;page=15 《隋書》（元大德刊明印本）卷11 folio 23a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999017124-4457_%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E5%8F%B2_%E7%AC%AC183%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=106 《隋書》（明崇禎崇禎汲古閣刊本）卷11 folio 24b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-412004000453-85_%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%92_%E7%AC%AC87%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=21 《資治通鑑》(胡三省音註, 元刊本)卷172 folio 20a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-GBZX0301011838-283221_%E5%A4%A7%E5%94%90%E5%85%AD%E5%85%B8_%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC4%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=10 《大唐六典》（明嘉靖浙江按察司刊本）卷12 folio 9b]; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4766800 《廣博物志》（明萬曆刊本）卷38 folio 7a](pp. 8); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/619278 《管城碩記》（清康熙刊本）卷24 folio 12b](pp. 14); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-286-0094_%E8%A5%BF%E9%AD%8F%E6%9B%B84.pdf&amp;page=16 《西魏書》（清乾隆刊本）卷9 folio 15a]; alternative text: 褕(通典62) || *WS2027 || E95C
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| ⿰氵⿱㚘心 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCL-01524_11_%E9%9A%8B%E6%9B%B8.pdf&amp;page=49 《隋書》（元大德刊明印本）卷30 folio 18b](涿郡有……漷水⿰氵⿱㚘心水); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999017124-4323_%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E5%8F%B2_%E7%AC%AC187%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=123 《隋書》（明崇禎汲古閣刊本）卷30 folio 11a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-GBZX0301010739-250310_%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E5%8F%B2%E8%A3%9C%E5%BF%97_%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC4%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=20 《南北史補志》（清光緒刊本）卷8 folio 19b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-GBZX0301013858-271122_%E9%9A%8B%E6%9B%B8%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%BF%97%E6%94%B7%E8%AD%89_%E4%B9%9D%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC4%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=78 《隋書地理志攷證》（清光緒刊本）卷5 folio 76b]; similar shape: [https://dict.variants.moe.edu.tw/dictView.jsp?ID=58349 ⿰氵⿱𭑈⿰⿺乚丶丶] || *WS2027 || E95D
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| ⿳𥫗䀠侯 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASBL035_%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8_4.pdf&amp;page=296 《唐書》（宋紹興刊本）卷221下 folio 2a](東安國……治喝汗城，亦曰⿳𥫗䀠侯斤……即以……⿳𥫗䀠侯斤爲木鹿州); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999017124-4177_%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E5%8F%B2_%E7%AC%AC36%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=23 《唐書》（明崇禎汲古閣刊本）卷221下 folio 2a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AZHSY000580_%E6%96%87%E7%8D%BB%E9%80%9A%E8%80%83_%E4%B8%80%E7%99%BE%E4%B8%80%E5%86%8A_%E5%85%83%E9%A6%AC%E7%AB%AF%E8%87%A8%E8%91%97_%E5%85%83%E6%B3%B0%E5%AE%9A%E5%85%83%E5%B9%B4%E8%A5%BF%E6%B9%96%E6%9B%B8%E9%99%A2%E5%88%BB%E6%9C%AC5.pdf&amp;page=1191 《文獻通考》（中華再造善本影印元泰定元年西湖書院刊本）卷338 folio 4a]; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/619277 《管城碩記》（清康熙刊本）卷21 folio 6a](pp. 7); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-001913784-230119_%E5%AE%88%E5%B1%B1%E9%96%A3%E5%8F%A2%E6%9B%B8_%E7%AC%AC9%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=13 《古今姓氏書辯證》(清道光刊守山閣叢書本) 卷10 folio 12a]; 余太山: 《兩漢魏晉南北朝正史西域傳要注》北京: 中華書局, 2005 [ISBN 7-101-04520-0] p. 559 (「喝汗」[hat-han]和「⿳𥫗䀠侯斤」[ho-kion]均係 Kharghānkath 之對譯); alternative text: 籰(歷代職官表71) || *WS2027 || E95E
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| ⿱艹嵒 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASBL035_%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8_2.pdf&amp;page=354 《唐書》（宋紹興刊本）卷72上 folio 57b](李⿱艹嵒, son of 李瑗); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999017124-4166_%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E5%8F%B2_%E7%AC%AC13%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=92 《唐書》（明崇禎汲古閣刊本）卷72上 folio 47a]; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/619277 《管城碩記》（清康熙刊本）卷21 folio 5b](pp. 7); variant of 䕾? || *WS2027 || E963
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| ⿰亻雚 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASBL035_%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8_2.pdf&amp;page=355 《唐書》（宋紹興刊本）卷72上 folio 59a](李⿰亻雚, son of 李踐義); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999017124-4166_%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E5%8F%B2_%E7%AC%AC13%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=93 《唐書》（明崇禎汲古閣刊本）卷72上 folio 48a]; [https://viewer.rsl.ru/ru/rsl01008471766?page=39 《淮南鴻烈解》（宋刊本）卷5 folio 17a](⿰亻雚之爲度也); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999013604-222890_%E5%AE%8B%E5%8F%B2_%E7%AC%AC74%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=21 《宋史》(明成化刊本) 卷228 folio 22a](趙必⿰亻雚); [https://rarebooks-maps.npm.edu.tw/index.php?act=Display/image/6593vOKyA0 《龍龕手鑑》（南宋刊本）卷1 folio 10a](⿰亻雚, 俗, 音權, 變也); variant of 𬿡 || *WS2027 || E961
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| ⿰韋回 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASBL035_%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8_2.pdf&amp;page=361 《唐書》（宋紹興刊本）卷72上 folio 65a](李⿰韋回, son of 李延祐); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999017124-4166_%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E5%8F%B2_%E7%AC%AC13%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=98 《唐書》（明崇禎汲古閣刊本）卷72上 folio 52b](⿰韋囘); [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044068014406&amp;seq=1622 《唐尚書省郎官石柱題名考》（清光緒刊月河精舍叢鈔本）卷16 folio 20b](⿰韋囘) || *WS2027 || E964
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| ⿺虎仁 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9900013321_%E6%B8%85%E7%A8%97%E9%A1%9E%E9%88%94_%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=139 《清稗類鈔》（商務印書館, 1917）vol. 66 會黨類 pp. 69](五堂各以彪𧈙𧇮𧇎𧇌及⿺虎仁⿺虎義⿺虎禮⿺虎智⿺虎信等字別之)&lt;br/&gt;平山周：《中國秘密社會史》（香港中和出版有限公司, 2021） [ISBN 978-988-8694-39-6]  [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%A7%98%E5%AF%86%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%8F%B2/ltcwEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=%22%E4%BA%94%E5%A0%82%E5%90%84%E4%BB%A5%22&amp;pg=PA139 p. 139] ([https://www.babelstone.co.uk/CJK/Evidence/ZhongguoMimiShehuiShi_139.png page image]) -- Fig. 14 also shows &quot;彪⿺虎仁公&quot; || *WS2027 || E965
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| ⿺虎義 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9900013321_%E6%B8%85%E7%A8%97%E9%A1%9E%E9%88%94_%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=139 《清稗類鈔》（商務印書館, 1917）vol. 66 會黨類 pp. 69](五堂各以彪𧈙𧇮𧇎𧇌及⿺虎仁⿺虎義⿺虎禮⿺虎智⿺虎信等字別之)&lt;br/&gt;平山周：《中國秘密社會史》（香港中和出版有限公司, 2021） [ISBN 978-988-8694-39-6]  [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%A7%98%E5%AF%86%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%8F%B2/ltcwEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=%22%E4%BA%94%E5%A0%82%E5%90%84%E4%BB%A5%22&amp;pg=PA139 p. 139] ([https://www.babelstone.co.uk/CJK/Evidence/ZhongguoMimiShehuiShi_139.png page image]) || *WS2027 || E966
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| ⿺虎禮 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9900013321_%E6%B8%85%E7%A8%97%E9%A1%9E%E9%88%94_%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=139 《清稗類鈔》（商務印書館, 1917）vol. 66 會黨類 pp. 69](五堂各以彪𧈙𧇮𧇎𧇌及⿺虎仁⿺虎義⿺虎禮⿺虎智⿺虎信等字別之)&lt;br/&gt;平山周：《中國秘密社會史》（香港中和出版有限公司, 2021） [ISBN 978-988-8694-39-6]  [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%A7%98%E5%AF%86%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%8F%B2/ltcwEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=%22%E4%BA%94%E5%A0%82%E5%90%84%E4%BB%A5%22&amp;pg=PA139 p. 139] ([https://www.babelstone.co.uk/CJK/Evidence/ZhongguoMimiShehuiShi_139.png page image]) || *WS2027 || E967
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| ⿺虎智 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9900013321_%E6%B8%85%E7%A8%97%E9%A1%9E%E9%88%94_%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=139 《清稗類鈔》（商務印書館, 1917）vol. 66 會黨類 pp. 69](五堂各以彪𧈙𧇮𧇎𧇌及⿺虎仁⿺虎義⿺虎禮⿺虎智⿺虎信等字別之)&lt;br/&gt;平山周：《中國秘密社會史》（香港中和出版有限公司, 2021） [ISBN 978-988-8694-39-6]  [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%A7%98%E5%AF%86%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%8F%B2/ltcwEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=%22%E4%BA%94%E5%A0%82%E5%90%84%E4%BB%A5%22&amp;pg=PA139 p. 139] ([https://www.babelstone.co.uk/CJK/Evidence/ZhongguoMimiShehuiShi_139.png page image]) || *WS2027 || E968
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| ⿺虎信 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9900013321_%E6%B8%85%E7%A8%97%E9%A1%9E%E9%88%94_%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=139 《清稗類鈔》（商務印書館, 1917）vol. 66 會黨類 pp. 69](五堂各以彪𧈙𧇮𧇎𧇌及⿺虎仁⿺虎義⿺虎禮⿺虎智⿺虎信等字別之)&lt;br/&gt;平山周：《中國秘密社會史》（香港中和出版有限公司, 2021） [ISBN 978-988-8694-39-6]  [https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%A7%98%E5%AF%86%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%8F%B2/ltcwEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=%22%E4%BA%94%E5%A0%82%E5%90%84%E4%BB%A5%22&amp;pg=PA139 p. 139] ([https://www.babelstone.co.uk/CJK/Evidence/ZhongguoMimiShehuiShi_139.png page image]) || *WS2027 || E969
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| ⿰黑志 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASBL064_%E5%A4%96%E8%87%BA%E7%A7%98%E8%A6%81%E6%96%B9.pdf&amp;page=1398 《外臺祕要方》（宋紹興兩浙東路茶鹽司刊本）卷32 folio 13a](去黯⿰黑志方……除皯去黑⿰黑志方); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4425579 《重訂唐王燾先生外臺祕要方》（明崇禎十三年經餘居刊本）卷32 folio 15b](pp. 19); variant of 痣 || *WS2027 || F79A
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| ⿰𧾷白 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ACADAL02111467_%E5%BD%A9%E9%9B%B2%E4%B9%98%E6%96%B0%E9%90%AB%E6%A8%82%E5%BA%9C%E9%81%8F%E9%9B%B2%E7%B7%A8%EF%BC%88%E4%BA%8C%EF%BC%89.djvu&amp;page=82 《彩雲乘新鐫樂府遏雲編》（明末刊本）卷中 folio 43a]《連環記》第十六齣〈問探〉 (熖騰騰赤馬紅纓罩,⿰𧾷白踊跳,霜蹄突陣咆哮); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_52210465_%E7%B6%B4%E7%99%BD%E8%A3%98%E6%96%B0%E9%9B%86%E5%90%88%E7%B7%A8_v.16.pdf&amp;page=6 《綴白裘新集合編》（清乾隆刊本）四編卷鳴 folio 4b]; variant of 𬦰? [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-2516-204956_%E9%80%A3%E7%92%B0%E8%A8%98_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=3 《連環記》（中國國圖藏CBM2488抄本）] gives 撲咚 || *WS2027 || F7B0
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| ⿳宀金⿸丿口 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999013069-119734_%E6%AD%B7%E4%BB%A3%E9%90%98%E9%BC%8E%E5%BD%9C%E5%99%A8%E6%AC%BE%E8%AD%98%E6%B3%95%E5%B8%96_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=6 《歷代鐘鼎彜器款識法帖》（明崇禎朱謀垔刊本）序 folio 5a](家姪統⿳宀金⿸丿口); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3A%E6%96%87%E6%B7%B5%E9%96%A3%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8_0225%E5%86%8A.djvu&amp;page=510 《歷代鐘鼎彜器款識法帖》（文淵閣四庫全書本）序 folio 2a]; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4105218 《小學考》（清嘉慶刊本）卷19 folio 6b](pp. 8); variant of 𨧩? || *WS2027 || F7A2
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| ⿰衤林 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-304929_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC6%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=6 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷16 folio 5b 李子卿〈聚雪爲小山賦〉](嶺上⿰衤林襂，作緱氏之仙鶴。巖中綽約，寫姑射之神人)(⿰礻林); [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:50112311$446i 《御定歷代賦彙》（清康熙刊本）卷9 folio 20a]; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4500801 《淵鑑類函》（清康熙刊本）卷9 folio 26a](p. 79) || *WS2027 || F7A1
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| ⿱艹魄 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-304926_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC13%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=38 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷54 folio 10a 杜甫〈有事于南郊賦〉](騞擘砉赫，葩〈一作⿱艹魄〉斜晦潰); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999004865-98584_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC7%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=34 《文苑英華》（中國國家圖書館藏明抄本，善本書號02146）卷54](騞擘砉赫，⿱艹魄〈一作葩〉斜晦潰); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999012909-113818_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC7%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=34 《文苑英華》（中國國家圖書館藏明抄本，善本書號06659）卷54]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCL-13636_02_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF.pdf&amp;page=226 《文苑英華》（臺灣國家圖書館藏舊抄本，索書號：403.1 13636) 卷54] || *WS2027 || F7A3
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| ⿰肅風 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-305168_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC27%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=22 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷123 folio 2a 崔湜〈野燎賦〉](或霍濩以燐亂，乍轟嗃而揊拍，⿰肅風如萬壑之崖崩，拉若千巖之石坼); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999004865-98839_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC14%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=19 《文苑英華》（中國國家圖書館藏明抄本，善本書號02146）卷123]; 《御定歷代賦彙》71:11a gives 𩘹, variant of 𩘹 || *WS2027 || F7B1
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| ⿰糹桀 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-305168_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC27%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=50 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷125 folio 9a 楊烱〈盂蘭盆賦〉](夫其遠也，天台傑〈一作⿰糹桀〉起，繞之以赤霞。夫其近也，削成孤峙，覆之以蓮花); 藝文類聚4、初學記4 gives 嵥, errors of 嵥 || || F770
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| ⿱據土 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-304970_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC28%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=16 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷127 folio 5a 李嶠〈楚望賦〉](借使⿱據土〈疑〉河負海牛山之美，可逰左江右湖京臺之樂); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4758931 《湖廣總志》（明萬曆刊本）卷80 folio 12b](⿱㩀土); [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49638770$556i 《古文褒異集記》（明末刊本）利集 folio 41a] || || F771
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| ⿰米敫 || [https://www.loc.gov/resource/lcnclscd.2014514153.2A001/?sp=5&amp;r=-0.001,0.627,0.354,0.23,0 《四種爭奇》（明天啓刊本）童婉爭奇上卷 folio 5a](我賣的是圓粿，你賣的是肉⿰米敫); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/3610847 《童婉爭奇》（江戶初期抄本）](pp. 8); variant of 餃 || *WS2027 || F7B2
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| ⿰因氣 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4906603 《大清歷朝實錄》(1934, 滿日文化協會影印本）清宣宗實錄卷214 folio 20a] (p. 61)(有廣西人劉阿大傳授添弟會，用紅布一塊，上寫靝𧹵⿰因氣⿰昏氣⿰鳥氣⿰及氣⿰爭氣霡霖霜霧露⿱雨根霏等字，作入會憑據。） || *WS2027 || F768
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| ⿰昏氣 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4906603 《大清歷朝實錄》(1934, 滿日文化協會影印本）清宣宗實錄卷214 folio 20a] (p. 61)(有廣西人劉阿大傳授添弟會，用紅布一塊，上寫靝𧹵⿰因氣⿰昏氣⿰鳥氣⿰及氣⿰爭氣霡霖霜霧露⿱雨根霏等字，作入會憑據。） || *WS2027 || F769
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| ⿰鳥氣 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4906603 《大清歷朝實錄》(1934, 滿日文化協會影印本）清宣宗實錄卷214 folio 20a] (p. 61)(有廣西人劉阿大傳授添弟會，用紅布一塊，上寫靝𧹵⿰因氣⿰昏氣⿰鳥氣⿰及氣⿰爭氣霡霖霜霧露⿱雨根霏等字，作入會憑據。） || *WS2027 || F76A
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| ⿰及氣 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4906603 《大清歷朝實錄》(1934, 滿日文化協會影印本）清宣宗實錄卷214 folio 20a] (p. 61)(有廣西人劉阿大傳授添弟會，用紅布一塊，上寫靝𧹵⿰因氣⿰昏氣⿰鳥氣⿰及氣⿰爭氣霡霖霜霧露⿱雨根霏等字，作入會憑據。） || *WS2027 || F76B
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| ⿰爭氣 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4906603 《大清歷朝實錄》(1934, 滿日文化協會影印本）清宣宗實錄卷214 folio 20a] (p. 61)(有廣西人劉阿大傳授添弟會，用紅布一塊，上寫靝𧹵⿰因氣⿰昏氣⿰鳥氣⿰及氣⿰爭氣霡霖霜霧露⿱雨根霏等字，作入會憑據。） || *WS2027 || F76C
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| ⿱雨根 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4906603 《大清歷朝實錄》(1934, 滿日文化協會影印本）清宣宗實錄卷214 folio 20a] (p. 61)(有廣西人劉阿大傳授添弟會，用紅布一塊，上寫靝𧹵⿰因氣⿰昏氣⿰鳥氣⿰及氣⿰爭氣霡霖霜霧露⿱雨根霏等字，作入會憑據。） || *WS2027 || F76D
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| ⿰犭羈 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4907058 《大清歷朝實錄》(1934, 滿日文化協會影印本）大清宣統政紀卷35 folio 15a](p. 45)(督辦川滇邊務大臣趙爾豐奏、邊藏情形：時殊勢異，亟宜將洛隆宗(ལྷོ་རོང་རྫོང་།)、碩板多(ཤོ་པ་མདོ་རྫོང་།)、邊壩(དཔལ་འབར་རྫོང་།)、雜獪(རྫ་ཡུལ་རྫོང་།)、猓⿰犭羈、波密(སྤོ་མེས་རྫོང་།)等、緊要地方收回，固我邊圉。) 猓⿰犭羈=貢覺(གོ་འཇོ་རྫོང་།)? || *WS2027 || F772
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| ⿰石匡 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4906614 《大清歷朝實錄》(1934, 滿日文化協會影印本）清宣宗實錄卷246 folio 20b](p. 65)(添築碉堡，應准於大堡、敲腳戶汛、耳子廠、大巖⿰石匡等處，建築石碉土堡珞八座。); [https://catalog.digitalarchives.tw/item/00/28/b2/70.html 《兵部為戡定三廳縣滋事夷匪酌擬章程》（中央研究院歷史語言研究所藏明清內閣大庫檔案登錄號156881）] || *WS2027 || F7D2
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| ⿰王匊 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4906470 《大清歷朝實錄》(1934, 滿日文化協會影印本）清仁宗實錄卷135 folio 29b](p. 32)(諭內閣、方維甸奏覈擬郭天⿰王匊擅殺賊首曹海揚一案。曹海揚本係逆犯。前於嘉慶元年因值初辦邪匪之時。不可開爭功擅殺之漸。是以交該撫於事定後再行覈辦。茲大功全蕆。曹海揚尚非著名稔惡首逆、必須解京辦理之犯。且郭天⿰王匊拘繫囹圄已閱八年之久。其一家眷口被賊戕害、至八人之多。情尚可原。郭天⿰王匊、著依擬問徒一年。伊父年逾七十。雙目失明。著加恩准其留養。該撫即照例辦理。); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3A%E7%BA%8C%E4%BF%AE%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E7%AC%AC0391%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=250 《欽定剿平三省邪匪方略》（續修四庫全書影印清嘉慶刊本）正編卷7 folio 30b] || *WS2027 || F7D3
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| ⿰米夋 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4906099 《大清歷朝實錄》(1934, 滿日文化協會影印本）清高宗實錄卷226 folio 10b](p. 77)(每局各給銀二千五百兩作本，收買米石，并給⿰米夋米二千石平糶。); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4903388 《東華續錄》（清鉛印本）乾隆朝卷20 folio 6b](p. 66); variant of 稄 || *WS2027 || F7D4
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| ⿰言采 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-304860_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC96%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=50 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷470 folio 10b 張九齡〈勑柘靜州首領書〉](比者⿰言采訪使處置或未得所，朕旣知之，已有處分); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img.pdf/4906687 《大清歷朝實錄》(1934, 滿日文化協會影印本）清文宗實錄卷7 folio 6a](p. 8)(該將軍即廣諮博⿰言采，會同該國悉心商辦); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCL-01088_%E6%B3%B0%E5%92%8C%E4%BA%94%E9%9F%B3%E6%96%B0%E6%94%B9%E4%BD%B5%E9%A1%9E%E8%81%9A%E5%9B%9B%E8%81%B2%E7%AF%87.pdf&amp;page=64 《泰和五音新改併類聚四聲篇》（金崇慶刊本）卷3 folio 5a 言部八畫](⿰言釆); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-305169_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC103%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=23 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷502 folio 8a 白居易〈議文章·對〉](歌詞賦訟讃⿰言釆碑碣之製，徃徃有虛美者焉); The last evidence is an error for 誄, the other evidences support variant of 採 || *WS2027 || F7D5
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| ⿰氵⿱亠朿 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4905928 《大清歷朝實錄》(1934, 滿日文化協會影印本）清聖祖實錄卷12 folio 5b](p. 56)(辛巳。給投誠偽王朱璟⿰氵⿱亠朿、俸祿、及人口牛種莊屯器物、如朱至濬例); error for 𣹫? [https://sillok.history.go.kr/mc/id/msilok_011_5840_0010_0010_0070_0080 韓府長樂王朱璟𣹫] || || F7F8
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| ⿰火臯 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4907004 《大清歷朝實錄》(1934, 滿日文化協會影印本）清德宗實錄卷377 folio 8a](p. 10)(賜一甲潘濤、武國棟、王熢⿰火皐，三人武進士及第。); normalize to ⿰火臯 by UCV #272 || *WS2027 || F7F9
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| ⿱少虫 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4906610 《大清歷朝實錄》(1934, 滿日文化協會影印本）清宣宗實錄卷236 folio 11a](p. 87)(毛蔚、劉巨高、曾錦堂、楊洸⿱少虫、劉獅子等、俱已緝獲到案。); 石雲山人奏議（清道光刊本，《清代詩文集彙編》第510冊）卷5 folio 22a 查辦武舉阻米摺，道光十四年正月(劉獅子、楊洸⿱少虫未獲之……分帶楊洸⿱少虫等在於三處路口); [https://qingarchives.npm.edu.tw/index.php?act=Display/image/2349556WGiX=HY#c4D 奏聞審擬已革武舉劉岳等設卡阻米案由（軍機處檔摺件，故機067603）]; Similar shape: 𧈪, 𧈨 || *WS2027 || F7FA
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| ⿵戊䖝* || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4906256 《大清歷朝實錄》(1934, 滿日文化協會影印本）清高宗實錄卷854 folio 26a](p. 28)(且雲南丁元甲，所編⿵戊䖝⿹戈⿱旦風⿰𮥼戈三字，已照妖言惑眾律，問擬斬候) || *WS2027 || F7FB
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| ⿹戈⿱旦風* || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4906256 《大清歷朝實錄》(1934, 滿日文化協會影印本）清高宗實錄卷854 folio 26a](p. 28)(且雲南丁元甲，所編⿵戊䖝⿹戈⿱旦風⿰𮥼戈三字，已照妖言惑眾律，問擬斬候) || *WS2027 || F7FC
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| ⿰𮥼戈* || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4906256 《大清歷朝實錄》(1934, 滿日文化協會影印本）清高宗實錄卷854 folio 26a](p. 28)(且雲南丁元甲，所編⿵戊䖝⿹戈⿱旦風⿰𮥼戈三字，已照妖言惑眾律，問擬斬候) || *WS2027 || F7FD
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| ⿳大昍土 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC403-312001079055-65303_%E5%A2%9E%E4%BF%AE%E4%BB%81%E6%87%B7%E5%BB%B3%E5%BF%97_%E6%B8%85%E5%85%89%E7%B7%9228%E5%B9%B4(1902)_%E5%8D%B7%E5%85%AD.pdf&amp;page=3 《增修仁懷廳志》（清光緒刊本）卷5 folio 3b](袁⿳大昍土，字寶堂……⿳大昍土據袁氏族譜，乃切字也……袁起龍，⿳大昍土長子), [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC403-312001079055-65303_%E5%A2%9E%E4%BF%AE%E4%BB%81%E6%87%B7%E5%BB%B3%E5%BF%97_%E6%B8%85%E5%85%89%E7%B7%9228%E5%B9%B4(1902)_%E5%8D%B7%E5%85%AD.pdf&amp;page=4 4a]; 《仁懷直隸廳志》（清道光刊本）卷11 folio 6b || || F7FE
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| ⿰馬間 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-304968_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC29%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=13 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷132 folio 2b 獨孤申叔〈却千里馬賦〉](矧乃塲苖既食，馬政攸班，間以赤兎，兼之白⿰馬間，叶圖之駒伏皁，稱徳之驥在閑); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_50112311_%E5%BE%A1%E5%AE%9A%E6%AD%B7%E4%BB%A3%E8%B3%A6%E5%BD%99_v.16_%E6%B2%BB%E9%81%93.pdf&amp;page=75 《御定歷代賦彙》（清康熙刊本）卷43 folio 16b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-002278182-229805_%E6%AC%BD%E5%AE%9A%E5%85%A8%E5%94%90%E6%96%87_%E7%AC%AC167%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=5 《欽定全唐文》（清嘉慶刊本）卷617 folio 2b]; variant of 𩦂, NUCV #325 間閒 || || F7FF
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| ⿰氵頺 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-304894_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC35%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=29 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷163 folio 5a 杜甫〈萬丈潭〉](山危一徑盡，岸絶兩壁對。削成恨虛無，倒影垂澹⿰氵頺); [https://rarebooks-maps.npm.edu.tw/index.php?act=Display/image/45789XiF=l5=#ebu 《新刊校定集註杜詩》（宋寶慶元年廣東漕司刊本）卷6 folio 3a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC403-312001054559-918_%E6%96%B0%E7%B7%A8%E6%96%B9%E8%BC%BF%E5%8B%9D%E8%A6%BD_%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%81.pdf&amp;page=6 《方輿勝覽》（宋咸淳刊本）卷70 folio 6b]; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/3672801 《新編古今事文類聚》（明經廠刊本）前集卷17 folio 21b](pp. 25); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_49780685_%E7%94%98%E8%82%85%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%97_v.47%E5%8D%B7%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D.pdf&amp;page=19 《甘肅通志》（清乾隆刊本）卷49 folio 16a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AIOC.UTokyo-008727_%E5%94%90%E8%A9%A9%E5%93%81%E5%BD%99%E4%B9%9D%E5%8D%81%E5%8D%B7%E6%8B%BE%E9%81%BA%E5%8D%81%E5%8D%B7%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%B9%B4%E5%BA%8F%E5%88%8A%E6%9C%AC_%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%83.pdf&amp;page=13 《唐詩品彙》（明嘉靖姚芹泉刊本）卷7 folio 11b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999031211-147808_%E5%94%90%E8%A9%A9%E5%93%81%E5%BD%99_%E7%AC%AC3%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=33 《唐詩品彙》（明嘉靖牛斗刊本）卷7 folio 12b](⿰冫頺); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/5090599 《唐詩品彙》（明末張恂刊本）卷7 folio 12b](p. 126)(⿲氵⿱禾万頁); variant of 瀩 || || F803
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| ⿰雲夋 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4759086 《河南通志》（清雍正刊本）卷48 folio 43b 王鐸〈嵩山中嶽廟萬聖閣碑記〉](pp. 104)(翳翳乎⿰雲夋姨，森森乎霡足，谾谾乎火傘，矃矃乎鷄翹); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_48740225_%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%97_v.16%E5%8D%B7%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83--%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81.pdf&amp;page=46 《河南通志》（清康熙34年刊本）] gives 靉, the text was removed in 文淵閣四庫全書; error of 靉 || not encode || F4B0
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| ⿰忄籖 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_50373034_%E6%B1%9F%E5%8D%97%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%97_v.28%E5%8D%B7%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B.pdf&amp;page=58 《江南通志》（清康熙刊本）卷54 folio 57a](周⿰忄籖女，泰州人); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4408686 《江南通志》（清乾隆刊本）卷178 folio 13a](p. 56); 文淵閣四庫全書 gives 籖; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4760421 《揚州府志》（明萬曆刊本）卷19 folio 22a] gives 懴, [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4760449 《揚州府志》（清康熙14年序刊本）卷27 folio 28a] gives 懺, error of 懺 || pending more evidences || F4B1
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| ⿰扌閭 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4420068 《江南通志》（清乾隆刊本）卷194 folio 10a](p. 33)(天寥集、⿰扌閭麈集，俱吳江葉紹袁); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_50553356_%E5%90%B3%E6%B1%9F%E7%B8%A3%E5%BF%97_v.13%E5%8D%B7%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94-%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB.pdf&amp;page=35 《吳江縣志》（清乾隆刊本）卷46 folio 8a] gives 櫚, error for 櫚 || pending more evidences || F4B2
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| ⿰貝坴 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4407762 《江南通志》（清乾隆刊本）卷145 folio 1a](p. 3)(郟亶……授⿰貝坴州團練推官); 文淵閣四庫全書 gives 睦, error of 睦 || not encode || F4B3
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| ⿱山甘 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-305086_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC43%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=6 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷201 folio 5b 沈約〈江南曲〉](且〈一作旦〉令舟楫渡，寧計路⿱山甘⿱山甘〈一作嵌嵌〉)(~⿱山𠂀); 《文苑英華》（中華書局1966年影印宋刊本）卷210 folio 4b (p. 995)(⿱山甘); variant of 嵌 || || F4B4
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| ⿵門晨 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:12611429?n=7 《山西通志》（清雍正刊本）卷20 folio 5b](平地渟淵，⿵門晨閟如璧); 文淵閣本 20:8b gives 圜; error of 闤 || pending more evidences || F4B5
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| ⿰阝瓦 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:12611434?n=14 《山西通志》（清雍正刊本）卷32 folio 13a](垠岸傾頺，路爲陿⿰阝瓦)(⿰阝𭺜); [https://www.kanripo.org/text/KR2k0049/032 文淵閣本 32:20a gives 阨]; error for 阨 || pending more evidences || F4BA
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| ⿰猶軍 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:12655582?n=62 《山西通志》（清雍正刊本）卷180 folio 9b](今桀逆未梟，平陽道斷，奉迎諸⿰猶軍未得徑進); 文淵閣本180:14b gives 軍, ligature of 軍猶 || not encode ||
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| ⿰亡引 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:12705249?n=52 《山西通志》（清雍正刊本）卷229 folio 50b](驅厲鬼，山左首；福土⿰亡引，制九醜。此子厚自記也); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AZHSY000442_%E7%99%BE%E5%B7%9D%E5%AD%B8%E6%B5%B7%E4%B8%80%E7%99%BE%E7%A8%AE%E4%B8%80%E7%99%BE%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D%E5%8D%B7_(%E5%AE%8B)%E5%B7%A6%E5%9C%AD_%E7%B7%A8_%E5%AE%8B%E5%88%BB%E6%9C%AC.pdf&amp;page=675 《龍城錄》（宋咸淳百川學海本）卷下 folio 5a] gives 氓, corrupted form of 氓 || pending more evidences || F4BB
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| ⿱𥫗化 ||合川縣皂角鄉大石壩岩壁洪水題刻《四川兩千年洪災史料彙編》 水利部長江水利委員會,重慶市文化局等編 -- 1993 -- 北京_文物出版社 p532 || || F4BC
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| ⿱山化 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC403-312001080067-12906_%E5%90%8D%E5%B1%B1%E5%8B%9D%E6%A6%82%E8%A8%98_%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD.pdf&amp;page=50 《名山勝槩記》（明崇禎刊本）卷35 小洞庭籍 folio 2a]; variant of ⿰山化 in this context || WS2024-01182 || E275
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| ⿰言人 || [[:zh:小二黑結婚]]，《趙樹理選集》,人民文學出版社,1958,p9; variant of 認 ||  || F3F0
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| ⿰實羽 || 榕腔神詩 ([https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Harvard_drs_431021331_榕腔神詩.pdf/30 福音堂 1870], [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_432615992_榕腔神詩.pdf&amp;page=37 美華書局 1865]), representing [[:wikt:翼|{{lang|cdo-Latn|sĭk}}]] ||  || F5A9
|-
| ⿰金⿱幺友 || 《崇禎丙子科山東鄉試同年齒錄》（北京大學藏清雍正鈔本）5a (朱壽⿰金⿱幺友, 魯藩宗籍，崇禎丙子科舉人); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999032216-150757_%E6%88%90%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%81%E4%BA%A5%E9%87%8D%E5%88%8A%E6%94%B9%E4%BD%B5%E4%BA%94%E9%9F%B3%E9%A1%9E%E8%81%9A%E5%9B%9B%E8%81%B2%E7%AF%87_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=40 《成化丁亥重刊改併五音類聚四聲篇》（明成化刊本）卷2 folio 4b](七𭄿〔𭭕〕切); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-278-0114_%E6%96%B0%E6%A0%A1%E7%B5%8C%E5%8F%B2%E6%B5%B7%E7%AF%87%E7%9B%B4%E9%9F%B31.pdf&amp;page=12 《新校經史海篇直音》卷1 folio 4a]; variant of 鋑, ⿰金⿱幺夂 should be an error of ⿰金⿱幺友 || || F5D8
|-
| ⿰雲金 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AShanghai_%E5%A4%A9%E5%95%9F%E5%A3%AC%E6%88%8C%E7%A7%91%E9%80%B2%E5%A3%AB%E5%90%8C%E5%B9%B4%E5%BA%8F%E9%BD%92%E9%8C%B2%E4%B8%80%E5%8D%B7.pdf&amp;page=200 《天啓壬戌科進士同年序齒錄》（明天啓刊本）folio 177a](朱慎⿰雲金, elder brother of [[wikipedia:zh:朱慎䤰]]) || *WS2027 || F5AA
|-
| ⿰口衛 || [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:NLC511-027032013010270-20873_潮州戲曲選集.pdf/10 潮州戲曲選集] 陳三大難 page 4 ||  || F5AB
|-
| ⿰目息 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-305290_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC70%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=22 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷338 folio 5b 釋貫休〈懷素上人草書歌〉](骸人心兮目𪾤⿰目息&lt;上呼欝切下香激切&gt;，頓人足兮神闢易); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4753002 《永州府志》（清康熙刊本）卷23 folio 7b] (p. 9); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999032106-225306_%E5%BE%A1%E8%A6%BD%E6%9B%B8%E8%8B%91%E8%8F%81%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC7%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=25 《御覽書苑菁華》（清乾隆刊本）卷17 folio 6b]; variant of 瞁 || || F43A
|-
| ⿱⿻大吅匕 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-305132_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC73%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=10 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷352 folio 1a 何遜〈七召〉](假氏先生負茲勁挺，狀羣飛之噐&lt;吉吊切，高聲大呼也。一本作⿱⿻大吅匕，古喪字也&gt;侣，似獨行之迷徑); other editions: [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999004865-98431_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC35%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=10 ⿱⿻大吅土 1], [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999012909-114995_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC37%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=10 2]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCL-13636_14_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF.pdf&amp;page=153 ⿱𡗜巳]; variant of 𠷔 || Unify to 𠷔? ||
|-
| ⿰氵蟸 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-305091_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC74%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=5 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷356 folio 4b 皮日休〈九諷·悲遊〉](⿰氵蟸&lt;集作欚&gt;漾漾兮不止，㶇&lt;音黃&gt;悠悠兮何之); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4758931 《湖廣總志》（明萬曆刊本）卷79 folio 13b](p. 51); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/3668913 《岳陽紀勝彙編》（明萬曆刊本）卷1 folio 9a](p. 25); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_428497144_%E6%B7%B5%E9%91%91%E9%A1%9E%E5%87%BD_v.64.pdf&amp;page=43 《淵鑑類函》（清康熙古香齋袖珍刊本）卷198 folio 40b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-002278182-229611_%E6%AC%BD%E5%AE%9A%E5%85%A8%E5%94%90%E6%96%87_%E7%AC%AC386%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=43 《欽定全唐文》（清嘉慶刊本）卷798 folio 20a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003118_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.2.pdf&amp;page=50 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷2 folio 24b](音蟸); variant of 欚/𦫈 || Normalize to ⿰氵蠡 by UCV #476? || F175
|-
| ⿰𦈢系 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-305407_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC76%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=24 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷368 folio 5a 劉禹錫〈口兵誡〉](⿰𦈢系是知吾祖之言為急，作戒以書于盤盂); variant of 繇 || pending more evidences || F176
|-
| ⿸广農 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-304866_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC77%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=14 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷372 folio 6a 牛僧儒〈雞觸人述〉](鄠杜之郊，人有雞大不⿸广農。儕類剛勇，百鶚之特。疾視促歩，内斷外果); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-002278182-229557_%E6%AC%BD%E5%AE%9A%E5%85%A8%E5%94%90%E6%96%87_%E7%AC%AC416%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=41 《欽定全唐文》（清嘉慶刊本）卷682 folio 17b] || || F4E5
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| ⿺咸次 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-305366_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC78%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=23 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷378 folio 2b 李觀〈交難說〉](絕壑萬丈，⿺咸次⿺咸次&lt;集作鏗鏗&gt;龍吟。玄雲遂興，六合爲陰); variant of 㰹 || pending more evidences ||
|-
| ⿰衤㬎 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4213058 山東通志（清乾隆刊本）卷35之9 folio 3a](pp. 4) || pending more evidences || F5DC
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| ⿰礻⿱八𢀛 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-305172_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC83%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=42 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷404 folio 9a 蘇頲〈授竇元泰太子洗馬制〉](勑昭成皇后四從叔朝議郎行黄州司馬竇元泰觀津之榮，累秩外戚。伏波之訓，方⿰礻⿱八𢀛後昆); vulgar form of 𥙿? || pending more evidences ||
|-
| ⿱艹欝 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:48339840$144i 《雄乘》（清康熙刊本）卷中 folio 31a]; variant of ⿱艹𣡸/䖇 || pending more evidences ||
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| ⿸尸西 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4757819 《瑞安縣志》（明嘉靖刊本）卷3 folio 4b](p. 6)(官民房屋四萬六千四百四間二十四⿸尸西廚房五間); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4761182 《溫州府志》（明萬曆刊本）卷5 folio 6b](p. 39) has 「官房屋一千五百四十間八十五𱝃五廈八披」, variant of 𱝃 || *WS2027 || F5BC
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| ⿸户几 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-412000001011-17193_%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E7%B8%BD%E5%BF%97_%E7%AC%AC15%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=57 《全蜀秇文志》（明嘉靖刊本）卷34 folio 14a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-412000001448-86536_%E5%9B%9B%E5%B7%9D%E7%B8%BD%E5%BF%97_%E7%AC%AC12%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=76 《四川總志》（明萬曆9年刊本）卷26 folio 16b]; [https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999008079-108824_%E8%9C%80%E8%97%BB%E5%B9%BD%E5%8B%9D%E9%8C%84_%E7%AC%AC3%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=15 《蜀藻幽勝錄》卷3 folio 13b]; (幕府治事之㕔尤為褊廹，羣吏晨趨，肩⿸户几豗掎，蹀跡側睨，需次乃進); variant of ⿸户九/尻/凥 || *WS2027 || F5BD
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| ⿰扌⿱𰀩車 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47720842$3784i 《畿輔通志》（清雍正刊本）卷98 folio 62b](撬⿰扌⿱𰀩車以爲垣，僅僅蔽風雨，而長江大河之南北靡不仰而頌曰：此北海亭也); [https://www.loc.gov/resource/lcnclscd.2011457033.1A040/?sp=64&amp;r=0.173,0.132,0.28,0.239,0 《畿輔通志》（清康熙刊本）卷40 folio 64a] gives ⿰扌⿱⿰丰丰車; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:47731540$189i 《保定府志》（清康熙刊本）卷6 folio 5a] gives ⿰扌輩; variant of ⿰扌輂/檋 || Not encode ||
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| ⿰方會 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-305166_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC111%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=2 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷541 folio 1b 佚名《執鐃失位次判·對》](類援枹而可嘉，何動⿰方㑹而能擬); variant of 旝 || [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2024/app/?id=01722 WS2024-01722] || F421
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| ⿰金岩 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-292-0001_%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81%E5%A4%A7%E5%BF%97_%E5%B7%BB3.pdf&amp;page=76 《江西省大志》（明萬曆刊本）卷3 folio 74b]([朱]統⿰金岩) || [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2024/app/?id=03886 WS2024-03886] || F5BE
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| ⿱塗手 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=74 p. 55](徒了切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰扌塗 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=74 p. 55](徒了切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱廵足 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=74 p. 55](除𨳝切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰身各 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=74 p. 55](捄屋切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰舌羽 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=75 p. 56](共畫切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰金撗 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=75 p. 56](共撗切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰魚曰 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=75 p. 56](共活切, Gweh) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰口⿱吉𠳬 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=75 p. 56](迄底切, He), normalize to ⿰口嚞? || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱罒安 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=75 p. 56](葛外切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱匡水 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=76 p. 57](苦撗切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰扌頼 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=76 p. 57] || Unify to U+650B 攋 by [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/iwds/ucv.php?show=324#entry-324 UCV #324] || 
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| ⿹气冷 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=76 p. 57](落桁切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰金冷 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=76 p. 57](落𠃛切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱擂口 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=76 p. 57](落揞切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱淚水 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=76 p. 57](嬾含切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱摟口 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=76 p. 57](落謳切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱里口 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=76 p. 57](良意切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿸厂宇 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=77 p. 58](盧𠁒切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰口⿸厂宇 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=77 p. 58](盧了切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰口櫓 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=77 p. 58](籠烏切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱𥺬口 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=77 p. 58](莫𠃛切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱門口 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=78 p. 59](莫恩切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱摸口 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=78 p. 59](莫屋切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱媽口 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=78 p. 59](莫亞切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱奶口 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=78 p. 59](奴矮切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱南口 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=78 p. 59](那諳切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰口𫠬 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=78 p. 59](烏賣切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱嗷音 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=79 p. 60](烏勞切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱齦口 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=79 p. 60](五痕切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰口找 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=79 p. 60] || ⿰口找 ngʽô = 哦 || 
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| ⿰口噩 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=79 p. 60](逆屋切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿴囗呢 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=79 p. 60](奴意切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰臭農 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=79 p. 60](奴翁切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱念足 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=79 p. 60](諾野切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱垚口 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=79 p. 60](鳥聊切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱醲手 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=79 p. 60](尼盎切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰口⿱不安 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=80 p. 61](派含切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱艹睟 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=80 p. 61](灑含切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱㗰耳 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=80 p. 61] || Unify to U+2112D 𡄭 ? || 
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| ⿰口閂 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=80 p. 61](蘇歡切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱垂手 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=80 p. 61](他宕切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿱𠵨心 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=80 p. 61](㯂協切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿹𠃛甲 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=81 p. 62](似⿹气冷切) || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰㚓隹 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=81 p. 62](似拉切, mixed); variant of 雜/雑 || unify to 雑 || 
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| ⿱⿰禾人心 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=81 p. 62](上侯切, grieve); variant of 愁? || unify to 愁 || 
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| ⿱殸翁 || ''The Ningpo syllabary'' (Shanghai, 1901) [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:The_Ningpo_Syllabary.pdf&amp;page=81 p. 62] || *WS2027 || 
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| ⿰王空 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AShanghai_%E7%9F%B3%E6%9E%97%E9%9B%86%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%B7.pdf&amp;page=475 《石林集》（清抄本）拾遺集〈過高陽拜孫文正公墓五首〉](山跨⿰王空瓏孤嶂遠，地環溟渤晚潮生); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_47814340_%E9%AB%98%E9%99%BD%E7%B8%A3%E5%BF%97_v.3%E5%8D%B7%E4%BA%94.pdf&amp;page=45 《高陽縣志》（清雍正刊本）卷5 folio 44a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999012571-303381_%E7%9D%A3%E5%B8%AB%E7%B4%80%E7%95%A5_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=10 《督師紀略》（明末刊本）卷4 folio 9b](灰山連⿰王空瓏，與首山相爲內護); derived from 空 || *WS2027 || F5BA
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| ⿵門单 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-305131_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC113%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=23 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷553 folio 4b 柳宗元〈賀登極表〉](殷宗恭黙，𠕅開&lt;集作⿵門单&gt;成湯之業，漢文聦明，克承高祖&lt;集作帝&gt;之緒); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-305255_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC114%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=4 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷556 folio 3b 上官儀〈勸封禪表〉](刑政肅&lt;一作蓆&gt;清，削秋荼之繁蕪&lt;一作舞&gt;，雅頌&lt;一作光⿵門单&gt;先烈，激圓海之漪瀾) || [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2024/app/?id=03960 WS2024-03960] ||
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| ⿱山果 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_47811819_%E6%B0%B8%E5%B9%B3%E5%BA%9C%E5%BF%97_v.12%2C%E5%8D%B7%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89--%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B.pdf&amp;page=3 《永平府志》（清康熙刊本）卷23 folio 2a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_47947658_%E7%9B%A7%E9%BE%8D%E7%B8%A3%E5%BF%97_v.8%E5%8D%B7%E5%85%AD.pdf&amp;page=3 《盧龍縣志》（清康熙刊本）卷6後 folio 2a]; variant of ⿱山褁([https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2024/app/?id=01279 WS2024-01279]) || *WS2027 || E864
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| ⿱嵬𧘇 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_47811831_%E6%B0%B8%E5%B9%B3%E5%BA%9C%E5%BF%97_v.12%E5%8D%B7%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89--%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B.pdf&amp;page=5 《永平府志》（清乾隆刊本）卷23 folio 3b]; variant of 㠢 || pending more evidences ||
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| ⿵門演 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_道藏_第919冊.pdf&amp;page=22 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 13]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-5846_道藏_第138冊.pdf&amp;page=13 太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經（明正統道藏本）卷1] || ||
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| ⿵門前 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_道藏_第919冊.pdf&amp;page=22 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 13]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-5846_道藏_第138冊.pdf&amp;page=13 太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經（明正統道藏本）卷1] || ||
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| ⿵門津 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_道藏_第919冊.pdf&amp;page=22 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 13]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-5846_道藏_第138冊.pdf&amp;page=13 太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經（明正統道藏本）卷1]|| ||
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| ⿵門混 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_道藏_第919冊.pdf&amp;page=22 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 13]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-5846_道藏_第138冊.pdf&amp;page=14 太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經（明正統道藏本）卷1]|| ||
|-
| ⿵門勝 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_道藏_第919冊.pdf&amp;page=22 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 13]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-5846_道藏_第138冊.pdf&amp;page=14 太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經（明正統道藏本）卷1] || ||
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| ⿵門淳 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_道藏_第919冊.pdf&amp;page=22 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 13]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-5846_道藏_第138冊.pdf&amp;page=15 太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經（明正統道藏本）卷1] || ||
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| ⿵門溧 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_道藏_第919冊.pdf&amp;page=22 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 13]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-5846_道藏_第138冊.pdf&amp;page=15 太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經（明正統道藏本）卷1] || ||
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| ⿵門追 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_道藏_第919冊.pdf&amp;page=22 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 13]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-5846_道藏_第138冊.pdf&amp;page=15 太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經（明正統道藏本）卷1] || ||
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| ⿵門⿱地⿰地地 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_道藏_第919冊.pdf&amp;page=22 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 13]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-5846_道藏_第138冊.pdf&amp;page=16 太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經（明正統道藏本）卷1] || ||
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| ⿵門端 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_道藏_第919冊.pdf&amp;page=22 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 13]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-5846_道藏_第138冊.pdf&amp;page=16 太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經（明正統道藏本）卷1] || ||
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| ⿵門𠓉 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_道藏_第919冊.pdf&amp;page=22 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 13]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-5846_道藏_第138冊.pdf&amp;page=16 太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經（明正統道藏本）卷1] || ||
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| ⿵門謙 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_道藏_第919冊.pdf&amp;page=22 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 13]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-5846_道藏_第138冊.pdf&amp;page=16 太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經（明正統道藏本）卷1] || ||
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| ⿵門管 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_道藏_第919冊.pdf&amp;page=22 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 13] (Variant of ⿵門宫 ?) || ||
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| ⿵門雲 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_道藏_第919冊.pdf&amp;page=22 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 13]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-5846_道藏_第138冊.pdf&amp;page=17 太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經（明正統道藏本）卷1] || ||
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| ⿱雨物 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6521_道藏_第919冊.pdf&amp;page=23 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷2 folio 14] || ||
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| ⿵門督 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-6436_道藏_第924冊.pdf&amp;page=23 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷7] (Pre-normalized form: ⿵門𣈉)|| ||
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| ⿵門隂 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-6436_道藏_第924冊.pdf&amp;page=23 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷7] (Also a Zhuang character.) || ||
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| ⿵門加 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-6436_道藏_第924冊.pdf&amp;page=23 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷7] || ||
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| ⿵門太 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-6436_道藏_第924冊.pdf&amp;page=23 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷7] || ||
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| ⿵門上 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-6436_道藏_第924冊.pdf&amp;page=24 上清眾經諸真聖秘（明正統道藏本）卷7] (May also be a Zhuang character; simplified form encoded at 𬮛 U+2CB9B)|| || E7AB
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| ⿱穴每 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999004714-2797_%E6%93%AC%E5%B1%B1%E5%9C%92%E9%81%B8%E9%9B%86_%E7%AC%AC23%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=78 《擬山園選集》（清順治刊本）卷75 folio 23b](豪𫡟戃恍，曰斯𢇫⿱穴每。遵養屖㣢，𡻪𡻙偘古); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4764048 峩眉山志（清康熙刊本）卷12 folio 19b](p. 63)(雖佌傂其逢迎，亦𢇫⿱穴每而各足); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AShanghai_%E5%B3%A8%E7%9C%89%E7%B8%A3%E5%BF%97%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%B7.pdf&amp;page=294 《［康熙］峩眉縣志》（清乾隆5年刊本）卷12 folio 7b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC403-311999100054-52970_%E5%98%89%E5%AE%9A%E5%BA%9C%E5%BF%97_%E6%B8%85%E5%90%8C%E6%B2%BB3%E5%B9%B4(1864)_%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D.pdf&amp;page=8 《重修嘉定府志》（清同治刊本）卷39 folio 8a]; [https://www.loc.gov/resource/lcnclscd.2012402113.1A003/?sp=68&amp;st=image&amp;r=0.521,0.474,0.486,0.415,0 《題韻直音篇》（明成化刊本）卷3 folio 67b](音蒲，𢇫⿱穴每，細筭也); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCL-01132_1_%E6%96%B0%E7%B7%A8%E4%BD%B5%E9%9F%B3%E9%80%A3%E8%81%B2%E9%9F%BB%E5%AD%B8%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90.pdf&amp;page=178 《新編併音連聲韻學集成》（明成化刊本）卷2 folio 83b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_430543556_%E8%A9%9E%E6%9E%97%E6%B5%B7%E9%8C%AF_v.9.pdf&amp;page=22 《詞林海錯》（明萬曆刊本）卷8 folio 16a] || *WS2027 || F5C6
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| ⿵門宫 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-5846_道藏_第138冊.pdf&amp;page=16 太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經（明正統道藏本）卷1] (Variant of ⿵門管 ?) || ||
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| ⿵門沌 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-411999005947-5846_道藏_第138冊.pdf&amp;page=36 太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經（明正統道藏本）卷1] || ||
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| ⿳亠口⿳冖二自 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999013608-21703_%E9%87%91%E5%8F%B2_%E7%AC%AC26%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=2 《金史》（明洪武刊本）卷66 folio 1a](⿳亠口⿳冖二自，本名阿里剌); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-he16_02693_0018_%E6%BD%9B%E7%A0%94%E5%A0%82%E9%87%91%E7%9F%B3%E6%96%87%E8%B7%8B%E5%B0%BE_4.pdf&amp;page=87 《潛研堂金石文跋尾》（清嘉慶刊本）續卷6 folio 4a](右完顏⿱畗日孔廟祭文……金史宣宗紀承安二年八月丙戌左宣徽使⿳亠口⿱冖苜爲尚書右丞，三年十二月丙戌尚書右丞⿳亠口⿱冖苜罷免，凡史不書姓者皆完顏氏，則⿳亠口⿱冖苜與⿱畗日卽一人矣。金史始祖以下諸子傳⿳亠口⿳冖二自，本名阿里剌，以皇家近親收充東宮護衛，承安二年拜尚書右丞，出爲泰定軍節度使。⿳亠口⿳冖二自與⿳亠口⿱冖苜字形相似，傳稱皇家近親，其世系則不可攷矣。⿳亠口⿱冖苜⿳亠口⿳冖二自皆不見於字書，葢轉寫之譌，當從石刻爲正。說文：『𦤘，用也，从亯从自』，讀若庸，此作⿱畗日者，隸體小變耳。); [https://rarebooks-maps.npm.edu.tw/index.php?act=Display/image/134076ytePGVo#09J 《泰和五音新改並類聚四聲篇（金崇慶刊元修本）》卷4 亠部 俗字背篇](余頌切，用也，鼻知真香所食也); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999017142-13065_%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B%E5%8F%B2_%E7%AC%AC561%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=85 《金史》（清乾隆刊本）卷120 folio 13a]; variant of 𦤘/𠅿 || U+2017F + VS18 ||
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| ⿳亠口⿳冖二日 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999013608-21823_%E9%87%91%E5%8F%B2_%E7%AC%AC34%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=51 《金史》（明洪武刊本）卷94 folio 6a](明昌元年同知棣州防禦使⿳亠口⿳冖二日); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910005626_%E5%85%83%E8%87%B3%E6%AD%A3%E6%9C%AC%E9%87%91%E5%8F%B2_v.22_no.23.pdf&amp;page=137 《金史》（元至正刊本）] gives 𠅿 || U+2017F + VS19 ||
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| ⿳亠口⿳冖二白 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/619277 《管城碩記》（清乾隆刊本）卷21 folio 7b](p. 9: 金史始祖下諸子⿳亠口⿳冖二白，本名阿里剌，無⿳亠口⿳冖二白字) || U+2017F + VS20 ||
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| ⿳亠口⿱冖苜 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999013608-21428_%E9%87%91%E5%8F%B2_%E7%AC%AC5%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=40 《金史》（明洪武刊本）卷11 folio 2b](丙戌尚書右丞⿳亠口⿱冖苜罷); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4896877 《金史》（明萬曆刊本）卷10 folio 16b](p.19); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-he16_02693_0018_%E6%BD%9B%E7%A0%94%E5%A0%82%E9%87%91%E7%9F%B3%E6%96%87%E8%B7%8B%E5%B0%BE_4.pdf&amp;page=87 《潛研堂金石文跋尾（清嘉慶刊本）續卷6 folio 4a》](see ⿳亠口⿳冖二自 above) || U+2017F + VS21 ||
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| ⿳亠丷⿱冖𥃭 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999013608-21428_%E9%87%91%E5%8F%B2_%E7%AC%AC5%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=36 《金史》（明洪武刊本）卷10 folio 16a](丙戌，以左丞相襄為左副元帥，參知政事董師中尚書左丞，左宣徽使⿳亠丷⿱冖𥃭尚書右丞，戶部尚書楊伯通參知政事); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AZJLib-631aa108504e722bfaf23b4a-2_%E9%87%91%E5%8F%B2%E4%B8%80%E7%99%BE%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%B7%E7%9B%AE%E9%8C%84%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=220 《金史》（明嘉靖刊本）卷10 folio 16a]; variant of ⿳亠口⿱冖苜 || U+2017F + VS22 ||
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| ⿱畗日 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWUL-he16_02693_0018_%E6%BD%9B%E7%A0%94%E5%A0%82%E9%87%91%E7%9F%B3%E6%96%87%E8%B7%8B%E5%B0%BE_4.pdf&amp;page=87 《潛研堂金石文跋尾（清嘉慶刊本）續卷6 folio 4a》](see ⿳亠口⿳冖二自 above); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC403-312001065369-96079_%E7%BA%8C%E4%BF%AE%E6%9B%B2%E9%98%9C%E7%B8%A3%E8%AA%8C_%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B23%E5%B9%B4(1934)_%E5%8D%B7%E5%85%AB.pdf&amp;page=3 續修曲阜縣志（民國鉛印本）卷8 folio 2b, 3a](相國完顏⿱畗日昭告至聖文) || *WS2027 || F69B
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| ⿱亯目 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999013608-21948_%E9%87%91%E5%8F%B2_%E7%AC%AC44%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=30 《金史》（明洪武刊本）卷120 folio 12b](吏部郎中⿱亯目……爲貢壽……監察御史徒單德勝劾其事，下刑部逮⿱亯目等問狀); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AZJLib-631aa108504e722bfaf23b4a-19_%E9%87%91%E5%8F%B2%E4%B8%80%E7%99%BE%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%B7%E7%9B%AE%E9%8C%84%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC19%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=24 《金史》（明嘉靖刊本）卷120 folio 12b]; variant of 𦤘 || U+26918 + VS18 ||
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| ⿰口歡 || [https://jodoshuzensho.jp/zojoji/koryo/viewer/104/513/1132/104_513_1132.html 《新集藏經音義隨函録》（高麗藏再雕本）第14冊 folio 7a](pp8)(⿰口𭭕⿱⿻𰀁⿱口艹口(喜)&lt;上火官反&gt;); traditional variant of 𭇳; normalize to ⿰口歡 || *WS2027 || F68B
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| ⿹𣪊白 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWZLib-DB-526035_%E9%84%89%E5%85%88%E5%93%B2%E9%81%BA%E8%91%97%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%86%8A%EF%BC%88%E6%B5%B7%E6%BE%A8%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%8B%EF%BC%89.pdf&amp;page=14 《海澨方言》（溫州市圖書館藏民國浙江省永嘉區徵輯鄉先哲遺著委員會抄本，索書號：善001060（20））卷下](⿹𣪊白，音白，卵中白，今通用白), [http://arcgxhpv7cw0.db.wzlib.cn/detail_m.html?id=525945 category]; 包文朴: 《乐清方言词典》中国广播电视出版社. 2004. ISBN 9787534319648 p. 373; See also 《[https://ctext.org/library.pl?if=en&amp;file=77415&amp;page=1517 康熙字典]》：《集韻》𪏙，卵中黃 || *WS2027 || F6A0
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| ⿳穴𫩏⿰⿱⺕⺕⿺乚𱕻 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCL-03740_1_%E6%BC%B3%E5%B7%9E%E5%BA%9C%E5%BF%97.pdf&amp;page=949 《漳州府志》（明萬曆元年刊本）卷23 folio 13b](磁⿳穴𫩏⿰⿱⺕⺕⿺乚𱕻渡); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4761519 《漳州府志》（明萬曆41年序刊本）卷28 folio 15a](p. 75) gives ⿰石竈渡 || U+2A6A8 + VS18 || 
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| ⿰⿱日來阝 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:11678267?n=401 《畿輔通志》（清雍正刊本）卷13 folio 46b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_48349497_%E6%9D%9F%E9%B9%BF%E7%B8%A3%E5%BF%97_v.1%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95seq.19%EF%BC%8C%E5%8D%B7%E9%A6%96--%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%89.pdf&amp;page=41 《束鹿縣志》（清乾隆刊本）卷2 folio 2b]; variant of [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/?id=04020 ⿰⿱旦來阝] || U+3314E + VS18 ||
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| ⿳亠口⿳冖口自 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/2852618 《御批歷代通鑑輯覽》（清嘉慶江寧布政司刊本）卷89 folio 7a](p. 9); [https://archive.org/details/q_058_yupi_v45_0001/page/n13/mode/2up 《御批歷代通鑑輯覽》（清乾隆53年武英殿刊本）卷89 folio 7a] gives ⿳亠口⿳冖二自; variant of 𠅿 || U+2017F + VS23 ||
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| ⿳亠口⿳冖工月 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_50961971_%E5%AE%A3%E5%8C%96%E5%BA%9C%E5%BF%97_v.7%E5%8D%B7%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD-%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB.pdf&amp;page=72 《宣化府志》（清乾隆刊本）卷18 folio 20b](完顏～，金史本傳，明昌二年); variant of 𠅿 || U+2017F + VS24 ||
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| ⿳亠口⿳冖工目 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4896875 《金史》（明萬曆北京國子監刊本）目錄 folio 9b](p. 19); variant of 𠅿 || U+2017F + VS25 ||
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| ⿱執瓦 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AZJLib-62836c1ad8147868cc5325f1-3_%E8%90%AC%E6%9B%86%E7%B4%B9%E8%88%88%E5%BA%9C%E5%BF%97%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC3%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=31 《紹興府志》（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 9a](蓋總其費，白金鍰計不滿萬者百有十，自木⿱執瓦石之材以至畚鍤版幹募人之力，無一求而不給焉); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_50681675_%E7%B4%B9%E8%88%88%E5%BA%9C%E5%BF%97_v.2%E5%8D%B7%E4%BA%8C.pdf&amp;page=13 《紹興府志》（清康熙刊本）卷2 folio 10b]; variant of ⿱執石/𤮅 || *WS2027 || F5C0
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| ⿱丿𠑷 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4752800 《襄陽府志》（明萬曆刊本）卷44 folio 14b](p17); [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4758931 《湖廣總志》（明萬曆刊本）卷80 folio 33b](p94); variant of 兏 || U+514F + VS19 || 
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| ⿱丿圥 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img.pdf/4470926 《湖廣通志》（清雍正刊本） juan 83 (pp29) folio 26 L2]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999031900-138595_%E8%98%89%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%8B%E6%9B%B8%E5%89%8D%E9%9B%86_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=14 《穆天子傳》（明天啓蘉古介書本）] folio 13a; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_49932766_%E6%B9%96%E5%BB%A3%E9%80%9A%E5%BF%97_v.18%E5%8D%B7%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B-%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD.pdf&amp;page=64 《湖廣通志》（清康熙刊本）卷45 folio 24b]; variant of 兏 || U+514F + VS20 ||
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| ⿱王儿 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-GBZX0301015432-295565_%E5%B9%B3%E6%B4%A5%E9%A4%A8%E5%8F%A2%E6%9B%B8%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E7%A8%AE_%E4%BA%8C%E7%99%BE%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC9%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=27 《穆天子傳》（清光緒朱氏槐廬家塾重刊平津館叢書叢書本）卷4 folio 1b]; || U+514F + VS21 ||
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| ⿰⿱丿击邕 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-GBZX0301015432-295565_%E5%B9%B3%E6%B4%A5%E9%A4%A8%E5%8F%A2%E6%9B%B8%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E7%A8%AE_%E4%BA%8C%E7%99%BE%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC9%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=27 《穆天子傳》（清光緒朱氏槐廬家塾重刊平津館叢書叢書本）卷4 folio 1b](重⿰⿱丿击邕氏之西疆&lt;道藏本作⿰⿱丿击𪩡&gt;) || U+22004 + VS18 ||
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| ⿰⿱丰凵𪩡 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AWZLib-DB-433313_%E8%8C%83%E6%B0%8F%E5%A5%87%E6%9B%B8%E2%96%A1%E2%96%A1%E7%A8%AE%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%83%E5%86%8A%E9%83%AD%E5%AD%90%E7%BF%BC%E8%8E%8A%E4%B8%80%E5%8D%B7%E3%80%81%E7%A9%86%E5%A4%A9%E5%AD%90%E5%82%B3%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%B7%EF%BC%89.pdf&amp;page=31 《穆天子傳》（明嘉靖天一閣刊本）folio 18b] || U+22004 + VS19 ||
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| ⿰⿱丿击𪩡 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-6248_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC634%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=3 《穆天子傳》（正統道藏本）卷4 folio 2a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_53549600_%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%AC%E9%9B%9C%E8%A8%98_v.8-_%E9%80%B8%E5%91%A8%E6%9B%B8_-_%E5%8D%81%E5%8D%B7_-_%E5%AD%94%E6%99%81%E6%B3%A8%2C_%E7%A9%86%E5%A4%A9%E5%AD%90%E5%82%B3_-_%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%B7_-_%E9%83%AD%E7%92%9E%E6%B3%A8%2C_%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%AC%E9%9B%9C%E8%A8%98_-_%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%B7_-_%E8%91%9B%E6%B4%AA%E9%9B%86.pdf&amp;page=143 《穆天子傳》（明萬曆漢魏叢書本）卷4 folio 1b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999031900-138595_%E8%98%89%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%8B%E6%9B%B8%E5%89%8D%E9%9B%86_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=14 《穆天子傳》（明天啓蘉古介書本）folio 13a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AShanghai_%E7%A9%86%E5%A4%A9%E5%AD%90%E5%82%B3%E6%B3%A8%E7%96%8F%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%B7%E9%A6%96%E4%B8%80%E5%8D%B7%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%80%E5%8D%B7.pdf&amp;page=153 《穆天子傳註疏》（清抄本）](重⿰⿱丿击𪩡，國名，从⿰⿱丿击邕省，音壅) || U+22004 + VS20 ||
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| ⿰彳刀 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASBL215_%E7%8E%89%E6%B5%B7_04.pdf&amp;page=745 《玉海》（元至正刊本）卷87 folio 39a](祥符元年……大食……國蕃官李麻⿰彳刀遣使貢玉圭); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_428497610_%E6%B7%B5%E9%91%91%E9%A1%9E%E5%87%BD_v.115.pdf&amp;page=29 《淵鑑類函》（清康熙刊本）卷363 folio 27a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003117_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.1.pdf&amp;page=140 《六書存》（1924，鉛印本）卷1 folio 54a]([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536884&amp;searchKey=%E8%95%83%E5%AE%98%E6%9D%8E%E9%BA%BB 稿本]) || *WS2027 || F5C1
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| ⿰山蘆 || [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1011667&amp;imageId=7689695&amp;searchKey=%E7%A6%8F%E5%B1%B1%E7%B8%A3%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%81%E9%87%8C 《寰宇通志》（明景泰刊本）卷76 folio 2b](峆⿰山蘆山); [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012851&amp;imageId=9836931 《大明一統志》（明天順刊本）卷25 folio 3a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003117_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.1.pdf&amp;page=140 《六書存》（1924，鉛印本）卷1 folio 46a](疑爲㠠字之贅文，以見一統志存之)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536874&amp;searchKey=%E7%A6%8F%E5%B1%B1%E7%B8%A3%E5%8D%97%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E9%87%8C 稿本]); variant of 㠠 || *WS2027 || E0D1
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| ⿰日墨 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999014620-112891_%E8%B7%AF%E5%8F%B2_%E7%AC%AC2%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=16 《路史》（明嘉靖刊本）前紀卷4 folio 15a](⿰日墨者曰竢河之清夸者又曰日月兾爾); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003118_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.2.pdf&amp;page=14 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷2 folio 6b](⿰日墨音墨轉去聲，音同昧)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536899&amp;searchKey=%E7%AB%A2%E6%B2%B3%E4%B9%8B%E6%B8%85%E5%A4%B8 稿本]) || *WS2027 || E2A9
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| ⿺毛嬰 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASBL215_%E7%8E%89%E6%B5%B7_07.pdf&amp;page=580 《玉海》（元至正刊本）卷154 folio 15a 唐安國獻名馬]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AZHSY000580_%E6%96%87%E7%8D%BB%E9%80%9A%E8%80%83_%E4%B8%80%E7%99%BE%E4%B8%80%E5%86%8A_%E5%85%83%E9%A6%AC%E7%AB%AF%E8%87%A8%E8%91%97_%E5%85%83%E6%B3%B0%E5%AE%9A%E5%85%83%E5%B9%B4%E8%A5%BF%E6%B9%96%E6%9B%B8%E9%99%A2%E5%88%BB%E6%9C%AC5.pdf&amp;page=1191 《文獻通考》（中華再造善本影印元泰定元年西湖書院刊本）卷338 folio 4a]; [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012852&amp;imageId=9861929&amp;searchKey=%E6%9F%98%E8%BE%9F%E5%A4%A7 《文獻通考》（明嘉靖三年司禮監刊本）卷338 folio 6a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003118_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.2.pdf&amp;page=38 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷2 folio 18b](同纓)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536916&amp;searchKey=%E7%B5%A1%E4%B9%8B%E9%A1%9E 稿本]); alternative: [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ASBL035_%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8_4.pdf&amp;page=296 《唐書》（宋紹興刊本）卷221下 folio 2a] gives 𣰽 || *WS2027 || E2B1
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| ⿰氵魏 || [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1011667&amp;imageId=7690651&amp;searchKey=%E6%89%80%E5%9F%8E%E8%A5%BF%E5%B1%B1%E6%8E%A5%E5%A4%A9 《寰宇通志》（明景泰刊本）卷100 folio 10b](天⿰氵魏湫); [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1000410&amp;imageId=1262116&amp;searchKey=%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%81%E9%87%8C%E4%B8%80%E5%90%8D%E5%A4%A9 《大明一統志》（明天順刊本）卷37 folio 19a]; [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1000624&amp;imageId=1402642&amp;searchKey=%E6%96%87%E7%B8%A3%E4%B8%80%E5%90%8D%E5%A4%A9 《廣與記》（清康熙刊本）卷9 folio 6a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003118_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.2.pdf&amp;page=45 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷2 folio 22a](音魏，湫名)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536921&amp;searchKey=%E9%9F%B3%E9%AD%8F 稿本]); alternative: 魏 || *WS2027 || E338
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| ⿰氵邰 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_428498044_%E5%B1%B1%E5%A0%82%E8%82%86%E8%80%83_v.13.pdf&amp;page=75 《山堂肆考》（明萬曆47年補修本）商集卷3 folio 20a]; [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012477&amp;imageId=9145379&amp;searchKey=%E5%85%83%E8%B1%90%E5%88%9D%E9%99%A4 《淵鑑類函》（清康熙刊本）卷90 folio 42a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003118_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.2.pdf&amp;page=50 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷2 folio 24b](音邰，人名)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536924&amp;searchKey=%E5%85%83%E8%B1%90%E5%88%9D%E9%99%A4 稿本]); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999032685-14782_%E5%B1%B1%E5%A0%82%E8%82%86%E8%80%83_%E7%AC%AC10%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=76 山堂肆考（明萬曆23年刊本）商集卷3 folio 20a] gives 洵; error of 洵 || *WS2027 || E38D
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| ⿰火厓 || [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1001260&amp;imageId=2326362&amp;searchKey=%E6%97%A5%E7%85%83%E5%8D%92 《大明會典》（明萬曆刊本）卷105 folio 7b](洪武二年其國王陳日煃遣使朝貢請封，詔封為安南國王，賜鍍金銀印誥命，未至而日煃卒，以封其弟日⿰火厓); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999030837-218413_%E7%9A%87%E6%98%8E%E5%BE%9E%E4%BF%A1%E9%8C%84_%E7%AC%AC3%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=55 《皇明從信錄》（明末刊本）卷7 folio 23a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003118_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.2.pdf&amp;page=59 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷2 folio 29a](音厓)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536929&amp;searchKey=%E5%85%B6%E5%BC%9F%E6%97%A5 稿本]) || *WS2027 || E45E
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| ⿰王幹 || [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012096&amp;imageId=8250358 《唐類函（明萬曆31年刊本）》卷107 folio 14b](稽山川之神瑞兮，識⿰王幹璇之内敷); [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012948&amp;imageId=10034152&amp;searchKey=%E7%A5%9E%E7%91%9E%E5%85%AE%E8%AD%98 《淵鑑類函》（清康熙刊本）卷204 folio 30b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_428501966_%E4%BD%A9%E6%96%87%E9%9F%BB%E5%BA%9C_v.25.pdf&amp;page=115 《佩文韻府》（清康熙刊本）卷16下 folio 228a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003119_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.3.pdf&amp;page=5 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷3 folio 2a](音義未詳……按：⿰王幹璇連用，於義當從⿰王幹)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536948&amp;searchKey=%E6%88%B2%E7%8C%B4%E8%80%8C%E7%B8%B1%E7%8C%BF%E4%BD%95 稿本]); [https://db2.sido.keio.ac.jp/kanseki/bib_frame?id=006903 《初學記》（南宋刊本）卷21 folio 15a] gives 嘉疑 || *WS2027 || E477
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| ⿰氵碣 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Harvard_drs_49295996_%E9%9B%B2%E4%B8%AD%E9%83%A1%E5%BF%97_v.15%E5%8D%B7%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89-%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B.pdf&amp;page=11 《雲中郡志》（清順治刊本）卷13 folio 46a](泉流峽中，⿰氵砰⿰氵碣⿰氵磳⿰氵𥐪如建瓶); variant of ⿰氵𥔀 || || E47B
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| ⿰瓌攵 || [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012477&amp;imageId=9169882&amp;searchKey=%E6%88%B2%E7%8C%B4%E8%80%8C%E7%B8%B1%E7%8C%BF%E4%BD%95 《淵鑑類函》（清康熙刊本）卷431 folio 37b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003119_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.3.pdf&amp;page=5 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷3 folio 2a](音義未詳，⿰瓌攵疑瓌字之譌，以下文字連用誤書)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536948&amp;searchKey=%E6%88%B2%E7%8C%B4%E8%80%8C%E7%B8%B1%E7%8C%BF%E4%BD%95 稿本]); variant of ⿰瓌欠(𲰔) || U+32C14 + VS18 ||
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| ⿰石茖 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ATianyige-330000-1705-0005682_%E8%A0%9B%E8%A0%93%E9%9B%86%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%B7_%E6%98%8E%E7%9B%A7%E6%9F%9F%E8%91%97_%E6%98%8E%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96%E5%88%BB%E6%9C%AC.pdf&amp;page=147 《蠛蠓集》（明嘉靖刊本）卷3 folio 37b〈嘉禾樓賦〉](爾乃萬楹攅淈，磥砢連扔，飛杗虹繞，浮柱雲征，芝栭⿰石茖磊，穹櫨傺傂，拉盭傴僂，枝掌糾㑹); [https://rarebooks-maps.npm.edu.tw/index.php?act=Display/image/140993M1cohKL 《龍龕手鑑》（宋高宗浙刊本）卷4 石部入聲](⿰石若⿰石茖&lt;二俗&gt;硌&lt;正，音洛，磊～也三); [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1007213&amp;imageId=4961293 《滑縣志》（清康熙刊本）卷9 folio 43b](⿰䂖茖) || *WS2027 || E47E
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| ⿰石落 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_48639042_%E7%BA%8C%E6%96%87%E9%81%B8_v.3.pdf&amp;page=9 《續文選》（明崇禎刊本）卷3 folio 7a]; variant of ⿰石茖 || pending more evidences || E484
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| ⿰田昔 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCL-01537_93_%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8.pdf&amp;page=29 《舊唐書》（明嘉靖刊本）卷195 folio 2a](以……白霫爲窴⿰田昔顏州); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_430542858_%E5%AD%90%E5%8F%B2%E7%B2%BE%E8%8F%AF_v.27.pdf&amp;page=52 《子史精華》（清雍正刊本）卷78 folio 10a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003119_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.3.pdf&amp;page=17 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷3 folio 8a]([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536954&amp;searchKey=%E5%9C%B0%E5%90%8D%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8 稿本]); 新唐書 and 玉海 give 窴顏州 without ⿰田昔, error of ligated form of 音田? || *WS2027 || E48B
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| ⿰石毀 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AZJLib-6264eb850aa54158f394115f-8_%E5%AD%97%E5%BD%99%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E9%9B%86%E9%A6%96%E4%B8%80%E5%8D%B7%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%80%E5%8D%B7%E9%9F%BB%E6%B3%95%E7%9B%B4%E5%9C%96%E4%B8%80%E5%8D%B7%EF%BC%9B%E9%9F%BB%E6%B3%95%E6%A9%AB%E5%9C%96%E4%B8%80%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC8%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=167 《字彙》（明萬曆刊本）午集石部十二畫](䃣，與⿰石毀同); [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1011225&amp;imageId=7250569&amp;searchKey=%E5%88%97%E5%AD%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%9C%89%E7%A0%B4 《正字通》（清康熙刊本）午集石部十二畫]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003119_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.3.pdf&amp;page=25 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷3 folio 12a](音義同毀)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536960&amp;searchKey=%E5%88%97%E5%AD%90%E4%BA%8B%E6%9C%89%E7%A0%B4 稿本]); variant of 毀 || *WS2027 || E48D
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| ⿰石斿 || [https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AZHSY100162_%E5%8C%97%E5%A0%82%E6%9B%B8%E9%88%94_%E5%94%90%E8%99%9E%E4%B8%96%E5%8D%97%E8%BC%AF_%E6%98%8E%E6%8A%84%E6%9C%AC.pdf&amp;page=942 《北堂書鈔》（元末陶宗儀影宋抄本）卷146](郭璞𥂁池賦云:磊磪碌⿰石斿，鍔剡棊方，玉閠膏津，雪自陵崗也); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-364-0072_%E5%8C%97%E5%A0%82%E6%9B%B8%E9%88%94_%E5%B7%BB141-147.pdf&amp;page=65 《北堂書鈔》（明萬曆刊本）卷146 folio 3b]; [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012096&amp;imageId=8254876&amp;searchKey=%E7%A2%8C%E9%8D%94%E5%89%A1 《唐類函》卷178 folio 10b]; [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012477&amp;imageId=9167418&amp;searchKey=%E7%A2%8C%E9%8D%94%E5%89%A1 《淵鑑類函》（清康熙刊本）卷391 folio 12b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003119_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.3.pdf&amp;page=30 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷3 folio 14b](音遊義未詳)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536964&amp;searchKey=%E7%A3%8A%E7%A2%BA 稿本]); alternative text: 𡸮碓 || *WS2027 || E496
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| ⿱竹窮 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-GBZX0301013489-263581_%E8%90%AC%E9%A6%96%E5%94%90%E4%BA%BA%E7%B5%95%E5%8F%A5_%E4%B8%80%E7%99%BE%E3%80%87%E4%B8%80%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC11%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=21 《萬首唐人絕句詩》（明嘉靖刊本）卷49 folio 6a 〈宿建溪〉](𥳌⿱竹窮一席眠還坐，蛙噪螢飛夜未央); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999031629-13586_%E5%85%A8%E5%94%90%E8%A9%A9_%E7%AC%AC52%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=41 《全唐詩》（清康熙刊本）卷349 folio 15b]; [https://viewer.onb.ac.at/103707F8 《駢字類編》（清雍正刊本）卷81 folio 14a](p1244); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003119_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.3.pdf&amp;page=49 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷3 folio 24a](𥳌⿱竹窮，竹覃也)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536977&amp;searchKey=%E7%9C%A0%E9%82%84%E5%9D%90 稿本]); alternative: 蕯藭 || *WS2027 || E4A4
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| ⿱竹穇 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCL-03252_%E5%90%B3%E9%83%A1%E5%BF%97.pdf&amp;page=26 《吳郡志》（宋紹定刊本）卷2 folio 6a](陸龜蒙皮日休魚具詩序……錯薪於水中曰⿱竹⿰禾叅(音撡)); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999026569-16050_%E6%9D%BE%E9%99%B5%E9%9B%86_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=66 《松陵集》（明弘治刊本）卷4 folio 1a], [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999026569-16050_%E6%9D%BE%E9%99%B5%E9%9B%86_%E7%AC%AC1%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=69 folio 3b]; [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1013145&amp;imageId=10362742&amp;searchKey=%E9%8C%AF%E8%96%AA%E6%96%BC%E6%B0%B4%E4%B8%AD 《吳郡志》（清乾隆刊本）卷24 folio 3b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_428500972_%E5%94%90%E8%A9%A9%E9%A1%9E%E8%8B%91_v.43.pdf&amp;page=88 《唐詩類苑》（明萬曆刊本）卷182 folio 21a], [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_428500972_%E5%94%90%E8%A9%A9%E9%A1%9E%E8%8B%91_v.43.pdf&amp;page=90 folio 22b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_430540547_%E8%A9%A9%E9%9B%8B%E9%A1%9E%E5%87%BD_v.24.pdf&amp;page=131 《詩雋類函》（明萬曆刊本）卷124 folio 15b]; [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1008041&amp;imageId=5462530&amp;searchKey=%E9%8C%AF%E8%96%AA%E6%96%BC%E6%B0%B4%E4%B8%AD 《震澤縣志》（清乾隆刊本）卷25 folio 16b]; [https://www.shidianguji.com/zh/book/SK3146/chapter/1k0i5j4pq5gd7?page_from=reading_page&amp;paragraphId=7372659098057490483&amp;hightlightIndex=0&amp;topicId=&amp;version=2&amp;contentMatch=1&amp;keywords=%E5%9F%8E%E5%8D%97%E4%BD%86%E6%95%B0%E9%87%8C&amp;refreshId=1750255489600 《古歡堂詩集》（文淵閣四庫全書本）卷5 folio 27b](罩𦊔⿱竹⿰禾叅籪盡可畵); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003119_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.3.pdf&amp;page=51 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷3 folio 25a](參衫二音)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536979&amp;searchKey=%E5%8F%83%E8%A1%AB%E4%BA%8C%E9%9F%B3 稿本]); variant of 𥶠, non-cognate: 𥤇 || *WS2027 || E4C1
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| ⿱竹䅟 || [https://www.shidianguji.com/zh/book/SDZJ0154/chapter/1k2ksw874rqqu?page_from=searching_page&amp;paragraphId=7380240446330798130&amp;keywords=%E9%94%99%E8%96%AA%E4%BA%8E%E6%B0%B4%E4%B8%AD&amp;hightlightIndex=0&amp;topicId=&amp;version=8 《姑蘇志》（明正德刊本）卷13 folio 8a](⿱竹𥠩); [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1008223&amp;imageId=5564001&amp;searchKey=%E9%8C%AF%E8%96%AA%E6%96%BC%E6%B0%B4%E4%B8%AD 《上海縣志》（清康熙刊本）卷1 folio 27b]; || *WS2027 || E4C2
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| ⿱竹摻 || [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1009071&amp;imageId=5978588&amp;searchKey=%E5%9F%8E%E5%8D%97%E4%BD%86%E6%95%B8%E9%87%8C 《長河志籍考》卷7 folio 2b](⿱竹撡); [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1007947&amp;imageId=5379866&amp;searchKey=%E9%8C%AF%E8%96%AA%E6%96%BC%E6%B0%B4%E4%B8%AD 《烏程縣志》（清光緒刊本）卷29 folio 30b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003119_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.3.pdf&amp;page=51 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷3 folio 25a](⿱竹穇亦作⿱竹摻)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536979&amp;searchKey=%E5%8F%83%E8%A1%AB%E4%BA%8C%E9%9F%B3 稿本]) || *WS2027 || E4C6
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| ⿱竹黽 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-412004000936-83412_%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%8A%E5%90%88%E7%92%A7%E4%BA%8B%E9%A1%9E%E5%82%99%E8%A6%81_%E7%AC%AC92%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=11 《古今合璧事類備要》（宋刊本）別集卷54 folio 4b], [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012821&amp;imageId=9735836&amp;searchKey=%E6%A4%8D%E6%96%BC%E5%AE%9B （明嘉靖刊本）別集卷54 folio 4a](⿱竹⿱口⿰𰀄⿺乚日); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AZHSY000442_%E7%99%BE%E5%B7%9D%E5%AD%B8%E6%B5%B7%E4%B8%80%E7%99%BE%E7%A8%AE%E4%B8%80%E7%99%BE%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%81%E4%B9%9D%E5%8D%B7_(%E5%AE%8B)%E5%B7%A6%E5%9C%AD_%E7%B7%A8_%E5%AE%8B%E5%88%BB%E6%9C%AC.pdf&amp;page=2081 《百川學海》（中華再造善本影印宋咸淳刊本）竹譜 folio 9b](⿱竹黽植於𭓩……⿱竹黽竹見南郡賦)(⿱竹⿱口⿰𰀄⿺乚日), [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012102&amp;imageId=8281738&amp;searchKey=%E6%A4%8D%E6%96%BC%E5%AE%9B （明弘治刊本）竹譜 folio 9b]; [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012212&amp;imageId=8422698&amp;searchKey=%E6%A4%8D%E6%96%BC%E5%AE%9B 《新編古今事文類聚》（元刊本）後集卷24 folio 4a], [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1011911&amp;imageId=8010688 （明內府刊本）後集卷24 folio 6b](⿱竹⿱口⿰𰀄⿺乚日); [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012948&amp;imageId=10048876&amp;searchKey=%E6%A4%8D%E6%96%BC%E5%AE%9B 《淵鑑類函》（清康熙刊本）卷417 folio 11b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003119_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.3.pdf&amp;page=51 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷3 folio 25a](音黽)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536979&amp;searchKey=%E9%9F%B3%E9%BB%BD%E7%AB%B9%E8%AD%9C 稿本]); variant of 𥱐? || *WS2027 || E4A9
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| ⿰石曇 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999031706-150857_%E9%80%9A%E9%9B%85_%E7%AC%AC11%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=9 《通雅》（清康熙刊本）卷34 folio 7b](瓽，大甕，今俗曰⿰石曇，曰埕); [https://homeinmists.ilotus.org/hd/orgpage.php?page=0476 《漢語大字典》土部 7畫](埕……《通雅·器用》：「瓽，大甕，今俗曰⿰石曇，曰埕」) || *WS2027 || E4AB
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| ⿰米亥 || [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012948&amp;imageId=10038641&amp;searchKey=%E5%B0%9A%E5%B9%BC%E7%85%AE%E7%B3%A0 《淵鑑類函》（清康熙刊本）卷371 folio 22a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003119_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.3.pdf&amp;page=58 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷3 folio 28b](音核，穀殼也)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536982&amp;searchKey=%E5%B0%9A%E5%B9%BC%E7%85%AE%E7%B3%A0 稿本]) || || E4B8
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| ⿰舟尃 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003119_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.3.pdf&amp;page=72 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷3 folio 35b](音博，船名，閩中以大船載鹽至南臺撥運小船，名曰上⿰舟尃)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536990 稿本]) || *WS2027 || E4DD
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| ⿱艹髸 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AZHSY000346_%E5%AE%9B%E9%99%B5%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F%E6%96%87%E9%9B%86%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%81%E5%8D%B7_(%E5%AE%8B)%E6%A2%85%E5%A0%AF%E8%87%A3_%E6%92%B0_%E5%AE%8B%E7%B4%B9%E8%88%88%E5%8D%81%E5%B9%B4%E6%B1%AA%E4%BC%AF%E5%BD%A5%E5%88%BB%E5%98%89%E5%AE%9A%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%B9%B4%E8%87%B3%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%83%E5%B9%B4%E9%87%8D%E4%BF%AE%E6%9C%AC.pdf&amp;page=213 《宛陵先生文集》（中華再造善本影印宋紹興十年汪伯彥刻嘉定十六年至十七年重修本）卷44 folio 6a 〈志來上人𭔃示酴醿花并𡑅塼茶有感〉](宣城北寺來上人，獨有一叢盤嫩⿱艹髸。去歲遊吴求不得，今朝𮟃喜自持送。); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999019784-49383_%E5%AE%9B%E9%99%B5%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F%E6%96%87%E9%9B%86_%E7%AC%AC6%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=45 （明正統刊本）卷44 folio 5a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_428502898_%E4%BD%A9%E6%96%87%E9%9F%BB%E5%BA%9C_v.76.pdf&amp;page=95 《佩文韻府》（清康熙刊本）卷60 folio 90b]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003119_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.3.pdf&amp;page=73 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷3 folio 36a](音閧……⿱艹髸與蕻同)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4536991&amp;searchKey=%E8%88%87%E8%95%BB%E5%90%8C 稿本]); variant of 蕻 || *WS2027 || E4DF
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| ⿰氵螎 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ATianyige-330000-1705-0005682_%E8%A0%9B%E8%A0%93%E9%9B%86%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%B7_%E6%98%8E%E7%9B%A7%E6%9F%9F%E8%91%97_%E6%98%8E%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96%E5%88%BB%E6%9C%AC.pdf&amp;page=137 《蠛蠓集》（明嘉靖刊本）卷3 folio 27b 〈㠠昆山賦〉](於是春氣⿰氵螎洩，羣鳥飛還); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_48639042_%E7%BA%8C%E6%96%87%E9%81%B8_v.3.pdf&amp;page=18 《續文選》（明崇禎刊本）卷3 folio 16a]; variant of 瀜 || *WS2027 || E86A
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| ⿰氵飜 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ATianyige-330000-1705-0005682_%E8%A0%9B%E8%A0%93%E9%9B%86%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%B7_%E6%98%8E%E7%9B%A7%E6%9F%9F%E8%91%97_%E6%98%8E%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96%E5%88%BB%E6%9C%AC.pdf&amp;page=134 《蠛蠓集》（明嘉靖刊本）卷3 folio 24b 〈崐崘山人賦〉](蹶䓗嶺，縣龍門，䶗底柱，䆮名藩。波汰膠盭，𢌞洑滮⿰氵飜，榮光四塞，郁郁紛紛); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_48639042_%E7%BA%8C%E6%96%87%E9%81%B8_v.2.pdf&amp;page=41 《續文選》（明崇禎刊本）卷2 folio 8b]; variant of 飜 || *WS2027 || E86B
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| ⿺鬼盧 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ATianyige-330000-1705-0005682_%E8%A0%9B%E8%A0%93%E9%9B%86%E4%BA%94%E5%8D%B7_%E6%98%8E%E7%9B%A7%E6%9F%9F%E8%91%97_%E6%98%8E%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96%E5%88%BB%E6%9C%AC.pdf&amp;page=133 《蠛蠓集》（明嘉靖刊本）卷3 folio 23b 〈泰宇賦〉](抶英招而馽列蛸，鏺耗⿺鬼盧而殊竒潎); [https://rarebooks-maps.npm.edu.tw/index.php?act=Display/image/140993M1cohKL 《龍龕手鑑》（宋高宗浙刊本）卷3 鬼部](⿺鬼盧&lt;俗&gt;魖&lt;正&gt;) || *WS2027 || E86C
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| ⿰魚待 || [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1013613&amp;imageId=11055051&amp;searchKey=%E9%AF%89%E9%AD%9A 《龍巖州志》（清道光刊本）卷8 folio 10a](鯉魚，俗名⿰魚待魚); [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1010915&amp;imageId=7033015&amp;searchKey=%E5%A4%9A%E7%94%A2%E6%96%BC%E6%BA%AA%E6%BD%AD 《龍巖縣志》（民國鉛印本）卷10 folio 6b](鯉魚……俗稱稱⿰魚待魚。其作紅黃色者，名金⿰魚待), [https://web.archive.org/web/20250630152502/https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzkxMTU5MjQ3NQ==&amp;mid=2247485357&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=6fa6143ea5d0d6aa877bc9157c88ef5a&amp;chksm=c0bf3f86d917b25c46a56e8e12caecbfd3012597750047e26639eff76fa5b471c6cf76453df4&amp;mpshare=1&amp;scene=23&amp;srcid=0630I11yndHsUJe5W0wB6cFf&amp;sharer_shareinfo=bdb8cb03f8eae64516b58af8d54e15c0&amp;sharer_shareinfo_first=083a54365190fb4940a83f43a7a304a4#rd rationale of ⿰魚待 in a wechat article] || *WS2027 || E4EE
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| ⿰豆孚 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-364-0072_%E5%8C%97%E5%A0%82%E6%9B%B8%E9%88%94_%E5%B7%BB31-40.pdf&amp;page=84 《北堂書鈔》（明萬曆刊本）卷38 folio 6a]; [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012096&amp;imageId=8247812 《唐類函》（明萬曆刊本）卷66 folio 8a]; [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012948&amp;imageId=10028681 《淵鑑類函》（清康熙刊本）卷128 folio 13a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003120_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.4.pdf&amp;page=7 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷4 folio 3a](音孚)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4537022&amp;searchKey=%E4%BF%B8%E7%9B%A1%E9%A3%9F%E8%B1%86 稿本]); alternative text: 䴸 || *WS2027 || E86D
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| ⿰車戎 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428495860$664i 《葛稚川內篇》（明萬曆刊寶顏堂秘籍本）卷1 folio 52b]; [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:430543146$52i 《子史精華》（清雍正刊本）卷118 folio 19a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003120_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.4.pdf&amp;page=14 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷4 folio 6b](音戎)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4537029&amp;searchKey=%E5%A6%82%E6%AD%A4%E4%B8%80%E8%BB%8A%E4%B9%8B%E4%B8%AD 稿本]); alternative text: 軾 || *WS2027 || E870
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| ⿰雲冘 || [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012948&amp;imageId=10034471&amp;searchKey=%E6%99%89%E5%BC%B5%E8%8F%AF%E9%81%8A%E7%8D%B5%E7%AF%87 《淵鑑類函》（清康熙刊本）卷309 folio 27a]; [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4537050&amp;searchKey=%E6%99%89%E5%BC%B5%E8%8F%AF%E9%81%8A%E7%8D%B5%E7%AF%87 六書存（稿本）卷4](疑同霮), [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003120_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.4.pdf&amp;page=37 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷4 folio 18a] gives error form ⿰需冘  || *WS2027 || E87A
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| ⿰革豦 || [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012948&amp;imageId=10035849&amp;searchKey=%E9%A3%BE%E4%BB%8A%E5%AF%8C%E8%80%85 《淵鑑類函》（清康熙刊本）卷229 folio 16a](鹽鐵論：……今富者⿰革豦耳銀⿰革聶䪉，黃金琅勒，罽繡弇汗); [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015091717275&amp;seq=1150 《御定駢字類編》（清雍正刊本）卷74 folio 37a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003120_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.4.pdf&amp;page=38 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷4 folio 18b](疑音據)([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4537050&amp;searchKey=%E9%A3%BE%E4%BB%8A%E5%AF%8C%E8%80%85 稿本]); alternative text: 𩌲 || *WS2027 || E87B
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| ⿰革聶 || [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012948&amp;imageId=10035849&amp;searchKey=%E9%A3%BE%E4%BB%8A%E5%AF%8C%E8%80%85 《淵鑑類函》（清康熙刊本）卷229 folio 16a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003120_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.4.pdf&amp;page=38 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷4 folio 18b]([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4537050&amp;searchKey=%E9%A3%BE%E4%BB%8A%E5%AF%8C%E8%80%85 稿本]); alternative text: 鑷 || *WS2027 || E87C
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| ⿰飠盧 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:428496451$35i 《潛確居類書》（明崇禎刊本）卷96 folio 25b]; [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1012948&amp;imageId=10047298 《淵鑑類函》（清康熙刊本）卷389 folio 13b](食之精者有櫻桃饆⿰飠盧); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANTUL-9910003120_%E5%85%AD%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98_v.4.pdf&amp;page=42 《六書存》（1924,鉛印本）卷4 folio 20b]([https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006342&amp;imageId=4537054 稿本]); alternative text: 饠 || *WS2027 || E87D
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| ⿰巾來 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-304891_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC148%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=62 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷730 folio 7a 韓愈〈送幽州李端公序〉](及郊，司徒公紅帕(集作~)首，鞾袴，握刀(杭本有在字)，左右雜佩，弓張(集作韔)服，矢插房，俯立迎道); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999004865-98546_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC70%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=113 《文苑英華》（中國國家圖書館藏明抄本，善本書號02146）] gives 帓; error for 帓 || Not encode ||
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| ⿱山矤 || [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:12960378?n=68 《陝西通志》（清雍正刊乾隆修補本）卷60 folio 67a]; [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006929&amp;imageId=4817970 《西安府志》（清乾隆刊本）卷35 folio 24a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3A%E7%BA%8C%E4%BF%AE%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E7%AC%AC1405%E5%86%8A.djvu&amp;page=354 《鈍齋詩選》（清抄本）卷7 folio 15b]; [https://www.shidianguji.com/zh/book/SK1013/chapter/1l9255svm6qzu 《陝西通志》（文淵閣抄本）] gives 𡸅; variant of 𡸅 || ||
|-
| ⿰金⿸尸丕 || [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49273838$1048i 《平陽府志》（清康熙刊本）卷21 folio 102b](朱鼐~); [https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:49295992$157i 《鼎修霍州志》（清康熙刊本）卷7 folio 24a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-GBZX0301011354-256045_(%E9%9B%8D%E6%AD%A3)%E5%B9%B3%E9%99%BD%E5%BA%9C%E5%BF%97_%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%B7_%E7%AC%AC8%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=66 《平陽府志》（清雍正刊本）卷21 folio 116b]; [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1006958&amp;imageId=4831753 《直隸霍州志》（清道光刊本）卷22 folio 8b]; descendants of [[w:zh:朱遜烠]] || ||
|-
| ⿱艹𩩧 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3A%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E5%AD%98%E7%9B%AE%E5%8F%A2%E6%9B%B8%E5%8F%B2%E9%83%A8064%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=616 《掖垣諫草》（四庫存目叢書影印山東圖書館藏明萬曆刊本）卷5 folio 44b](表持〔㭙〕之子知⿱艹𩩧) || pending clearer evidences ||
|-
| ⿰扌枲 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NLC892-412000001318-228887_%E6%8E%96%E5%9E%A3%E8%AB%AB%E8%8D%89_%E7%AC%AC8%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=33 《掖垣諫草》（明萬曆刊本）卷4 folio 66b](今又有充摭與俊⿰扌枲之奏); 《成化丁亥重刊改併五音類聚四聲篇》（明成化刊本）卷12 folio 21b 手部(⿰扌枲, 奴可切); [https://history.zjlib.cn/app/universal-search/resource/638dbc6512527e24117d03a2/details?wfwfid=2120&amp;searchId=24016&amp;params=&amp;pageId=107556&amp;searchType=1&amp;classifyId=&amp;classifyName= 《新校經史海篇直音》（明萬曆六年黃祿刊本）卷4 folio 58a (⿰扌枲, 音娜)] || ||
|-
| ⿰冐隹 || [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4755609 《廣讌堂集》（明天啓刊本）卷1 folio 3b 〈鬼賦〉](p. 19)(若廼縱目枳首，睍睆苕蕘，罔⿰冐隹遊光，諸褱句魈), 罔⿰冐隹 might be a ghost's name || ||
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| ⿰火𦮎 || [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1013713&amp;imageId=11226203 《歐陽南野先生文集》（明嘉靖刊本）卷14 folio 19b] 〈勤⿰火𦮎等越𨵿〉, [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1013713&amp;imageId=11226204 20a], [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1013713&amp;imageId=11226205 20b] [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1013713&amp;imageId=11226206 21a], [https://guji.nlc.cn/read/book?metadataId=1013713&amp;imageId=11226207 21b] || ||
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| ⿰氵嶴 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANJlib-2006502-0010_%E6%98%8E%E5%AD%A3%E5%8C%97%E7%95%A5%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%B7.pdf&amp;page=41 《明季北略》（清康熙活字刊本）卷21 folio 20a](雖支洋窮⿰氵嶴，戈船相望); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AHarvard_drs_26482878_%E6%98%8E%E5%90%8D%E8%87%A3%E8%A8%80%E8%A1%8C%E9%8C%84_v.20.pdf&amp;page=14 《明名臣言行錄》（清康熙刊本）卷91 folio 11a]; variant of 澳 || ||
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| ⿰月翕 || [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Sibu_Congkan0382-%E5%94%90%E6%85%8E%E5%BE%AE-%E9%87%8D%E4%BF%AE%E6%94%BF%E5%92%8C%E8%AD%89%E9%A1%9E%E6%9C%AC%E8%8D%89-12-07.djvu/108 《重修政和經史證類備用本草》（四部叢刊影印金刊本）卷11 folio 54a](敗舩茹……陶𨼆居云此是大䡢〈步典切〉⿰月翕〈他盍切〉); [https://www.shidianguji.com/zh/book/YLDD00001/chapter/1loja45h3u2p0?page_from=searching_page&amp;paragraphId=7592143091050790953&amp;keywords=%E5%A4%A7%E4%A1%A2&amp;topicId=&amp;version=15&amp;contentMatch=1  《永樂大典》（明嘉靖抄本）卷19865 folio 11a]; [https://www.shidianguji.com/zh/book/SK1479/chapter/1lem86pfe017u?page_from=searching_page&amp;paragraphId=7555880747153637418&amp;keywords=%E5%A4%A7%E4%A1%A2&amp;topicId=&amp;version=15&amp;contentMatch=1 《普濟方》（文淵閣四庫全書本）卷426 folio 21b]; similar shape: 𦪙 || ||
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| ⿳佛⿰佛佛魔 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999032307-163369_%E5%AE%97%E9%91%92%E6%B3%95%E6%9E%97_%E7%AC%AC14%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=39 宗鑑法林（清康熙刊徑山藏本）卷36 folio 13a] || ||
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| ⿳魔⿰魔魔佛 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999032307-163369_%E5%AE%97%E9%91%92%E6%B3%95%E6%9E%97_%E7%AC%AC14%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=39 宗鑑法林（清康熙刊徑山藏本）卷36 folio 13a] || ||
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| ⿰亻⿱八𢀛 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-304971_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC155%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=68 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷765 folio 7a 趙匡本〈舉選議〉](浸以成⿰亻⿱八𢀛，虧損國風，其弊五也); variant of 俗 || pending more evidences ||
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| ⿰木許 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ATianyige-330000-1705-0007032_(%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96)%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81%E5%A4%A7%E5%BF%97%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%B7_%E6%98%8E%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%97%E6%B2%90%E8%91%97_%E6%98%8E%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96%E5%88%BB%E6%9C%AC.pdf&amp;page=122 《江西省大志》（明嘉靖刊本）卷3 folio 18a](拱⿰木許); [https://dl.ndl.go.jp/pid/2545686/1/77 《荊州志》（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 27b](致⿰木許); [https://dl.ndl.go.jp/pid/2545711/1/136 《續修建昌府志》（明萬曆刊本）卷4 folio 8a](由⿰木許) || ||
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| ⿰木維 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ATianyige-330000-1705-0007032_(%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96)%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81%E5%A4%A7%E5%BF%97%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%B7_%E6%98%8E%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%97%E6%B2%90%E8%91%97_%E6%98%8E%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96%E5%88%BB%E6%9C%AC.pdf&amp;page=111 《江西省大志》（明嘉靖刊本）卷3 folio 7b](拱⿰木維); [https://dl.ndl.go.jp/pid/2545686/1/72 《荊州志》（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 22b](致⿰木維) || ||
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| ⿰木靜 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ATianyige-330000-1705-0007032_(%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96)%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF%E7%9C%81%E5%A4%A7%E5%BF%97%E4%B8%83%E5%8D%B7_%E6%98%8E%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%97%E6%B2%90%E8%91%97_%E6%98%8E%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96%E5%88%BB%E6%9C%AC.pdf&amp;page=117 《江西省大志》（明嘉靖刊本）卷3 folio 13a](拱⿰木靜); [https://dl.ndl.go.jp/pid/2545686/1/77 《荊州志》（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 27b](致⿰木静); [https://dl.ndl.go.jp/pid/2545706/1/88 《潞安府志》（明萬曆刊本）卷2 folio 9b](胤⿲木𤯝争) || ||
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| ⿰土⿱口咢 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-305136_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC158%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=32 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷778 folio 7b 王勃〈乾元殿頌〉并序](司宫庀職，肅坻⿰土⿱口咢而神行。掌舎廵方，煥巖廊而洞啓); [https://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:FHCL:13695150:VIEW?page=50140636 《賦珍》（明嘉靖萬曆間刊本）卷5 folio 14b]; [https://nrs.lib.harvard.edu/urn-3:fhcl:12988018?n=10 《陝西通志》（清雍正刊乾隆修補本）卷90 folio 9a]; [https://www.digital.archives.go.jp/img/4466944#55 《明孝宗實錄》（明萬曆抄本）卷190](陸⿰土⿱口咢); variant of 堮 || ||
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| ⿰糹察 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-305479_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC168%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=30 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷828 folio 9a 符載〈長沙東池記〉](晤言始歡，間以壺觴。絲桐縁雲以凄切，羅綺從風而翠燦〈疑作綷⿰糹察〉); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANAJDA-315-0090_%E9%87%8D%E7%B7%A8%E6%9D%B1%E5%9D%A1%E5%85%88%E7%94%9F%E5%A4%96%E9%9B%86_%E5%B7%BB1-11.pdf&amp;page=71 《重編東坡先生外集》（明萬曆刊本）卷7 folio 1b]; [https://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:FHCL:13611159:VIEW?page=50183832 《御定歷代賦彙》（清康熙刊本）卷51 folio 10a]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AShanghai_%E5%8D%97%E9%9B%B7%E8%A9%A9%E6%9B%86%E4%B8%89%E5%8D%B7.pdf&amp;page=22 《南雷詩曆》（清刊本）卷1 folio 12b]; variant of 縩/䌨 || ||
|-
| ⿰匪刂 || [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999000739-304864_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC175%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=50 《文苑英華》（明隆慶刊本）卷865 folio 8b 李肇〈東林寺經藏碑〉](先命度地之宜，以圖建置，黙設規制，懸成剞劂〈一作⿰匪刂，疑〉乃結構而浮于江，以至于東林); [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999004865-99039_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC82%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=43 《文苑英華》（中國國家圖書館藏明抄本，善本書號02146）]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999012909-114530_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF_%E7%AC%AC88%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=43 《文苑英華》（中國國家圖書館藏明抄本，善本書號06659）]; [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANCL-13636_36_%E6%96%87%E8%8B%91%E8%8B%B1%E8%8F%AF.pdf&amp;page=243 《文苑英華》（國家圖書館藏本）](not very clear) || pending better evidences ||
|}

=== Notes ===

{{*}} ⿰彳⿱幺月 is also in [https://www.babelstone.co.uk/CJK/Evidence/ZhonghuaXingshiYuanliuDacidian_1421.png 《中华姓氏源流大辞典》 p. 1421]. [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 19:31, 28 March 2021 (UTC)
: 《中华姓氏源流大辞典》 quotes 《[http://rbook.ncl.edu.tw/NCLSearch/Search/SearchDetail?item=7ab09958c66440dc85bb9e044b4ad9d3fDUyODEz0&amp;image=1&amp;SourceID=# 希姓錄]》. However, the 范允臨校刊本 version folio 20 (pp23) L L6 gives 㣧. I suspect ⿰彳⿱幺月 is a taboo name. --[[User:Jlhwung|Jlhwung]] ([[User talk:Jlhwung|talk]]) 04:25, 6 July 2021 (UTC)
::Yes of course. Almost 20 years ago John Jenkins made a proposal for an [https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2002/02052-taboo.pdf Ideographic Taboo Variation Indicator], which is quite a nice idea as a fallback, except that it does not specify how the taboo avoidance is implemented for any particular character so could be ambiguous for some characters which had more than one taboo form. The proposal was accepted at [http://unicode.org/L2/L2002/02167.htm UTC 91], but was unaccepted following [http://www.unicode.org/mail-arch/unicode-ml/y2002-m08/0266.html opposition by China at WG2]. Personally, I would prefer to use IVS for ⿰彳⿱幺月 as the taboo form of 㣧, but as they are not unifiable according to the rules others may support encoding separately.  [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 11:49, 6 July 2021 (UTC)

{{*}} I would not oppose to normalize it to ⿰日⿳日⿲仌丨仌亏 since we have 𤑼. It is yet another variant of 曄 since the evidence mentions 歐陽曄, uncle of 歐陽修.
:I have normalized it to ⿰日⿳日⿲仌丨仌亏. [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 00:42, 18 May 2021 (UTC)

{{*}} ⿸广𣪞 might be a variant of 𰏾. --[[User:Jlhwung|Jlhwung]] ([[User talk:Jlhwung|talk]]) 21:47, 2 April 2021 (UTC)

{{*}} ⿰⿱𢆸止斤: Similar to U+230BE 𣂾. --[[User:Jlhwung|Jlhwung]] ([[User talk:Jlhwung|talk]]) 13:46, 22 April 2021 (UTC)

{{*}} ⿱山𠎤: Like ⿱山龠, it is (still!) likely to be a typo of 崙. In the context the mountain is in 蒲圻縣, which may be the place [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Changlunling,+Chibi,+Xianning,+Hubei,+China/@29.6627069,113.8053482,14.3z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x3428be65216e6055:0x5e824489a1b90ce8!8m2!3d29.6755!4d113.801649 长仑岭] today.

{{*}} ⿳士冖弓: I think ⿳士冖亐 is a styled print of ⿳士冖弓. The evidence in 鎭安府志 mentions ⿳士冖弓哮山 is also known as 個能嶺 so ⿳士冖弓 may be pronounced like 個. In this case I guess ⿳士冖弓 is the phonetic component of 彀, which has an alternative form ⿰⿳士冖弓殳. --[[User:Jlhwung|Jlhwung]] ([[User talk:Jlhwung|talk]]) 15:59, 20 June 2021 (UTC)

{{*}} Comment on ⿺辶𦮔: [https://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Page:First_Lessons_in_the_Tie-chiw_Dialect.pdf/46 First Lessons in the Tie-chiw Dialect.pdf/46] has ⿱艹逄. [[User:Suzukaze-c|Suzukaze-c]] ([[User talk:Suzukaze-c|talk]]) 07:49, 7 July 2021 (UTC)
:It looks like ⿺辶𦮔 to me (with two-dot form of 辶). [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 15:27, 7 July 2021 (UTC)

{{*}} ⿰𧾷⿱夅夂: The right structure is shared with 竷. --[[User:Jlhwung|Jlhwung]] ([[User talk:Jlhwung|talk]]) 02:31, 10 July 2021 (UTC)

{{*}} ⿰氵⿱亠品: I suspect 張⿰氵⿱亠品 in 考城縣志 is the same person as 張⿰氵⿱亠品 in 寧陵縣志. They both lived in 康熙 period; 2) were admitted as 武舉; and 考城 is only 60km to 寧陵. --[[User:Jlhwung|Jlhwung]] ([[User talk:Jlhwung|talk]]) 01:52, 7 October 2021 (UTC)

{{*}} ⿰石朶: &quot;Unify ⿰石朶 to U+2C48B 𬒋&quot;, I can't find a UCV to justify, I will agree on the unification if there is one. --[[User:Jlhwung|Jlhwung]] ([[User talk:Jlhwung|talk]]) 16:28, 2 April 2022 (UTC)
:New UCV is [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/iwds/ucv.php?show=232e#entry-232e UCV #232e] [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 11:12, 29 May 2025 (UTC)

:@[[User:Jlhwung|Jlhwung]] It's bottom/line 23/character 14. [[User:Theknightwho|Theknightwho]] ([[User talk:Theknightwho|talk]]) 22:35, 22 May 2022 (UTC)

{{*}} ⿱𥫗⿻乚臼 (a family name) is possibly unifiable with U+30A73 𰩳 by [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/iwds/ucv UCV #171], but [https://zi.tools/zi/%F0%B0%A9%B3 𰩳 is a Sawndip character] meaning 竹席, so I assume these are etymologically unrelated (and therefore not interchangeable). There appear to be several disunified character pairs for UCV #171 already. [[User:Theknightwho|Theknightwho]] ([[User talk:Theknightwho|talk]]) 22:28, 25 May 2022 (UTC)

{{*}} [https://zi.tools/zi/%E2%BF%B0%E9%AC%B2%F0%A0%92%8B ⿰鬲𠒋] and [https://zi.tools/zi/%E2%BF%B0%E9%AC%B2%E2%BF%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%8F%88 ⿰鬲⿱尔又] are apparently both variants of 鬷, but that can't apply to their use as family names, particularly given that ⿰鬲⿱尔又 immediately follows yet another variant U+29C3A 𩰺 in use as a family name as well.

{{*}} ⿳亠⿵冂㕣示: The photocopy in wikisource is very poor. The character could be ⿱啇示, too. I suggest checking against clearer evidence, such as [https://new.shuge.org/meet/topic-tag/gjtsjcxl/ 古今圖書集成 provided by NLC]. The character is from 直音篇, it would be great if we can cross check 直音篇 and see if it is a misprint / one more evidence. --[[User:Jlhwung|Jlhwung]] ([[User talk:Jlhwung|talk]]) 00:54, 27 May 2022 (UTC)

{{*}} [https://zi.tools/zi/%E2%BF%B8%F0%AC%91%B9%E5%B7%B4 ⿸𬑹巴], apparently in 汉字海, is a variant of [https://zi.tools/zi/%F0%A5%91%89 U+25449 𥑉], which does not seem to be the case for [https://zi.tools/zi/%F0%A5%91%BD U+2547D 𥑽], which suggests that they're etymologically distinct. Admittedly, this may be simply down to incomplete data, but the construction of the character and the distinct entry in 汉字海 makes me think this is possibly worth looking at further. [[User:Theknightwho|Theknightwho]] ([[User talk:Theknightwho|talk]]) 01:13, 27 May 2022 (UTC)
:zi.tools and GHZR both indicate that U+2547D 𥑽 is an alternate form of U+25449 𥑉, so ⿸𬑹巴 should be unifiable to 𥑽. [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 12:10, 27 May 2022 (UTC)

{{*}} ⿱雨汵 makes more sense as a variant of U+29087 𩂇, and actually appears on the zi.tools entry for [https://zi.tools/zi/%E9%99%B0 陰 (sense 9)] in the gallery towards the bottom (text search the IDS). This is analogous with 霗 being a variant of 零, and makes a stronger case for separate encoding. [[User:Theknightwho|Theknightwho]] ([[User talk:Theknightwho|talk]]) 02:15, 27 May 2022 (UTC)

{{*}} ⿰禾⿱夊𠂡 (a family name) bears a resemblance to [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2017/app/?id=03156 T13-3A38 ⿰禾⿱文𠂡] due to the quality of the photocopies, but the use of 夊 in the upper right position seems to be consistent on close inspection.
:中华姓氏源流大辞典 (2014年) p.1404 lists ⿰禾⿱夂𠂡, ⿰禾⿵𠘨𣎶, ⿰禾⿱父𠂡, ⿰禾⿱父⿵𠘨龶, ⿰禾⿱父⿵𠘨𣎶, ⿰禾⿱父風 as variants of an archaic form of the family name 授. This suggests that 夂 is a corruption of 父. [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 12:15, 27 May 2022 (UTC)

{{*}} [[:zh:Page:Harvard drs 20931849 英語集全 v.1.pdf/25]] ([[jaglyphwiki:Group:英語集全-切音撮要]]) lists a glut of &lt;code&gt;⿰口？&lt;/code&gt; transcription characters that theoretically should appear again in the main text. [[User:Fish bowl|Fish bowl]] ([[User talk:Fish bowl|talk]]) 08:44, 1 September 2023 (UTC)
:Thanks! I've added them all to the main table above. [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 11:13, 1 September 2023 (UTC)

{{*}} ⿰尹阝: ⿰尹阝 also appears repeatedly in [[:ko:중간노걸대언해]], clearly as a variant of 那. [[User:Fish bowl|Fish bowl]] ([[User talk:Fish bowl|talk]]) 23:13, 1 September 2023 (UTC)

{{*}} The rest of the headwords in [[:en:Western Mandarin/Words without Characters]] ([[jaglyphwiki:Group:西蜀方言-有音無字]]) have been entered, producing more &lt;code&gt;⿰口？&lt;/code&gt; characters for consideration. [[User:Fish bowl|Fish bowl]] ([[User talk:Fish bowl|talk]]) 07:24, 3 September 2023 (UTC)
:Thanks! Of the 65 unencoded 口 characters shown here, 19 are already submitted for WS2021, and I have added the rest to the main table. [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 10:58, 3 September 2023 (UTC)

{{*}} [[:en:Template_talk:Sinogram#03:07,_4_September_2023_(UTC)]] is a compilation of the current usages of the en.ws Sinogram template; I believe it's in chronological order, where you got most of the characters before ⿰歹表 into WS2021 except for ⿱竹廣 due to a wonky glyph that no one figured out for a while. [[User:Fish bowl|Fish bowl]] ([[User talk:Fish bowl|talk]]) 03:21, 4 September 2023 (UTC)
:Thanks! [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 10:16, 4 September 2023 (UTC)
:: Updated: https://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk%3ASinogram&amp;diff=13596609&amp;oldid=13418240 [[User:Fish bowl|Fish bowl]] ([[User talk:Fish bowl|talk]]) 06:07, 13 November 2023 (UTC)
:::Thanks, new characters added to font, and some considered for WS2024. [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 14:29, 14 November 2023 (UTC)
::::(Did you omit ⿰釒毳 purposely or by accident since it showed up at the top? [[User:Fish bowl|Fish bowl]] ([[User talk:Fish bowl|talk]]) 07:37, 15 December 2023 (UTC))
::::::::: Accidentally omitted. Added at F057 in BSH PUA v. 1.390. [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 11:54, 15 December 2023 (UTC)

{{*}} Comment on E5D4 ⿱𥫗兀: same as ⿱𥫗𭀖? (which I noticed in 福澤諭吉's edition of the 華英通語 with a strange but unifiable shape [https://glyphwiki.org/wiki/u2ff1-u25ad7-u2d016-var-001], but Google has annoyingly changed their page number anchors) where 𭀖 seems to be a (cursive?) variant of 厘 based on kDefinition (but missing from kVariant and zi.tools; Jaemin notes that details on 𭀖 are in [https://unicode.org/L2/L2007/07161-proposed-ideo-db.pdf#page=146] and [https://unicode.org/L2/L2022/22008-unihan-chg.pdf#page=19]). [[User:Fish bowl|Fish bowl]] ([[User talk:Fish bowl|talk]]) 07:30, 15 December 2023 (UTC)
: Yes, I already corrected it to ⿱𥫗𭀖 in BSH PUA v. 1.390, and also added ⿰口𭀖. Most of the unencoded ⿰口? characters in the Chinese and Japanese editions of 華英通語 are now candidates for WS2024. [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 11:52, 15 December 2023 (UTC)

{{*}} Additional evidence for ⿰舟載 U+F7B5: [https://archive.wul.waseda.ac.jp/kosho/bunko08/bunko08_c0786/bunko08_c0786_p0028.jpg 『英話註解』] &lt;code&gt;⿰舟載子 To contain in a ship&lt;/code&gt; [[jaglyphwiki:u2ff0-u821f-u8f09]] [[User:Fish bowl|Fish bowl]] ([[User talk:Fish bowl|talk]]) 06:21, 2 September 2024 (UTC)
:Thanks, that is very helpful. [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 07:53, 2 September 2024 (UTC)

{{*}} Aside for ⿵戊䖝⿹戈⿱旦風⿰𮥼戈: While the text does not give 董希堯's characters, the description 「若果係該犯隨手編寫。何以不多不少。僅止三字。而竹頭偏厂、字體又無兩樣」 does remind me of ⿱竹⿸广⿰其足 in 夷堅志 or ⿱竹⿸疒⿰車足 in the 道法會元（明正統道藏本）卷219 folio 11e (斷瘟滅毒符). [[User:Jlhwung|Jlhwung]] ([[User talk:Jlhwung|talk]]) 16:05, 7 September 2024 (UTC)

{{*}} &lt;code&gt;U+EA83 ⿺辶⿱止㚔&lt;/code&gt;: &lt;code&gt;𲅶&lt;/code&gt; (Ext. H)? per the note at https://script.tw/#/howto [[User:Fish bowl|Fish bowl]] ([[User talk:Fish bowl|talk]]) 08:59, 21 January 2025 (UTC)

{{*}} Additional evidence for &lt;code&gt;⿰仑刂 U+F268&lt;/code&gt;: [https://bsky.app/profile/junsugawara.bsky.social/post/3ly6vowru7k23] &lt;code&gt;文物是我们祖先伟大&lt;span style=&quot;text-emphasis: filled;&quot;&gt;创&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, and Bokset's ''Long story of short forms'' (section &quot;倉&quot;). [[User:Fish bowl|Fish bowl]] ([[User talk:Fish bowl|talk]]) 19:45, 6 September 2025 (UTC)

== Family name characters ==
{{@|Theknightwho}} I already have a list of some 800 unencoded family name characters from 《中华姓氏源流大辞典》 (中华书局, 2014年; ISBN 978-7-101-09024-6) and 《中华千家姓氏录》 (金盾出版社, 2013年; ISBN 978-7-5082-8598-6) (see [https://www.babelstone.co.uk/CJK/IDS_NOT_PUA.TXT IDS_NOT_PUA.TXT]), which gives you some idea of what a huge can of worms family name characters are. It would be a huge task, taking many hundreds of person-hours to research (and hundreds of my hours of font work), to prepare for IRG submission all the unencoded family name characters which are listed in 古今圖書集成 and all the other various sources, and this is definitely something I do not wish to be involved in. Certainly we can consider submitting for encoding individual family name characters which are used in particular texts that are digitally transcribed on Wikisource, but it well beyond our capacity to attempt a comprehensive proposal for unencoded family name characters (that really should be a job for China NB). [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 12:49, 27 May 2022 (UTC)

:@[[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] Understood, and I certainly don't want to put upon you with hundreds of them! I was reaching the end of the list of ones that I'd come across, but I'm very happy to avoid adding any more if you don't want to deal with them. Naturally, I don't want to be trying to proofread the entirety of 古今圖書集成, but for obvious reasons the number of unrecognised characters in the automated transcription became a lot denser in 氏族典. [[User:Theknightwho|Theknightwho]] ([[User talk:Theknightwho|talk]]) 13:05, 27 May 2022 (UTC)

::If there are not many more family name characters from 古今圖書集成, then by all means add them to the table for reference, but it is unlikely that any of them would be considered for inclusion in a future IRG submission. [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 13:10, 27 May 2022 (UTC)
:::Thank you. Do you mind me asking where would be a good place to get an idea of the kinds of characters the IRG tend to favour for submission? It would be good to avoid me cluttering the list for no reason. [[User:Theknightwho|Theknightwho]] ([[User talk:Theknightwho|talk]]) 13:36, 27 May 2022 (UTC)
::::Um, that's a hard one to answer. IRG is a cacophony of different voices, each with their own idea of what sort of characters are suitable for encoding and and what are not. In general, IRG prefers authoritative modern dictionaries which provide readings and meanings of the proposed characters. But when Japan experts are involved, then dictionary evidence is insufficient, and evidence of &quot;actual usage&quot; is required; unless evidence of actual usage is provided, in which case that is insufficient, and dictionary evidence is required ... unless the characters are submitted by Japan, in which case the actual evidence is secret, and we just have to accept the characters on trust. Rant aside, a character is more likely to be accepted if it is attested in multiple sources; has a known reading or meaning; is not a glyph variant of an existing encoding character; is not a corrupt or error form of an existing encoded character (unless it occurs in multiple authoritative sources in which case it can be considered to be a &quot;stable error&quot;); is not an idiosyncratic invention; and does not frighten IRG experts (e.g. some IRG experts are frightened by Daoist-usage characters). I guess that reviewing [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/ WS2021] and expert comments against individual characters would be the best way of getting an understanding of the current collective thinking of IRG. [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 14:28, 27 May 2022 (UTC)
:::::Many thanks (and I appreciate the inside experience haha). I suppose my real question was &quot;what is it worth me adding to your list when I come across it?&quot;, but that overview is extremely helpful. [[User:Theknightwho|Theknightwho]] ([[User talk:Theknightwho|talk]]) 15:38, 27 May 2022 (UTC)
::::::Yes, it is always useful to document occurrences of unencoded characters, even if we cannot do anything about them at present. [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 21:58, 27 May 2022 (UTC)

== Doubled, tripled and quadrupled characters ==
List of unencoded characters in 篇韻貫珠集（明正德刊本）: 背篇雜字纂成二首 ([https://digicoll.lib.berkeley.edu/record/73473 1C001/pp65] and [https://digicoll.lib.berkeley.edu/record/73473 1D001/pp2]). 22 out of the 112 characters listed are currently unencoded:
* ⿱雨𤳳 {ECCB} (cf. 靁/𩇓) — WS2027 candidate
* ⿱⿰咸角⿰咸文 {ECCC} (cf. U+2795A 𧥚, 成化四聲篇角部2:32a) — WS2027 candidate
* ⿳三⿰三三三 {ECCD} (cf. [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/index.php?find=UK-20563 UK-20563] ⿱三⿰三三) — WS2027 candidate
* ⿱⿰直直⿰直直 {ECCE} (cf. 矗) — WS2027 candidate
* ⿱明朋 {ECCF} (U+232A7 𣊧 intended?) — WS2027 candidate
* ⿳⿻丄吅𠱠木 {ECD0} (cf. U+237CF 𣟏) — WS2027 candidate
* ⿳⿰田田犬⿰田田 {ECD1} (cf. U+24D04 𤴄) — unify to to U+24D04 𤴄 by UCV #239
* ⿱男嬲 {ECD2} (cf. [https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2021/app/?find=UK-20564 UK-20564]) — WS2027 candidate
* ⿱⿰甚甚⿰甚甚 {ECD3} (cf. U+2298A 𢦊) — WS2027 candidate
* ⿳吅吕吅 {ECD4} (cf. 嚚/𠾅, 成化四聲篇口部2:55a) — WS2027 candidate
* ⿱⿰因因⿰因因 {ECD5} — WS2027 candidate
* ⿳𦣦王𦣦 {ECD6} (cf. ⿳𦣦主𦣦《漢語俗字叢考》臣部 p861, 成化四聲篇12:51a) — WS2027 candidate
* ⿱𦣦王 {ECD7} (成化四聲篇12:51a) — WS2027 candidate
* ⿱其⿰其其 {ECD8} — WS2027 candidate
* ⿱㯤㯤 {ECD9} (cf. U+30649 𰙉) — WS2024 : UK-30409
* ⿱⿰若若⿰若若 {ECDA} (cf. U+4583 䖃) — WS2027 candidate
* ⿱高⿰高高 {EAEE}: [https://twitter.com/JUMANJIKYO/status/1421842391007326210 中山的怪字詩] (not suitable evidence) — WS2027 candidate
* ⿲見見見 {ECDB}: JMJ-058726 ⿲見見見 was unified with U+2789B 𧢛 for Ext. F ([https://appsrv.cse.cuhk.edu.hk/~irg/irg/irg46/IRGN2146CDof5thEdition.pdf IRGN2146] p. 20); GHZR (p. 2700) gives reading 甖 yīng for 𧢛, and cites ⿲見見見 as a vulgar/corrupt form of 𧢛. Therefore add to draft IVS collection. — unify to U+2789B 𧢛
* ⿰希希 {ECDC} (cf. U+301C5 𰇅) — unify to U+301C5 𰇅
* ⿰昜昜 {ECDD} (cf. U+232B7 𣊷): GHZR gives reading 從 for U+232B7 𣊷, therefore ⿰昜昜 should be a corrupt form of 𣊷. — unify to U+232B7 𣊷
* ⿱三三 {ECDE} (成化四聲篇10:17a) — WS2027 candidate
* ⿱具⿰具具 {ECDF} (贔 intended?) — WS2027 candidate
:[[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 10:24, 25 May 2022 (UTC)

== Unidentified character ==

Hi again - I'm running into real trouble with identifying a character in 古今圖書集成, and wondered if you'd seen it before (or if it could be added to the list?). It crops up in four places:
* [[zh:Page:Gujin Tushu Jicheng, Volume 315 (1700-1725).djvu/109|Volume 315, page 109]] (the first of the two unidentified characters)
* [[zh:Page:Gujin Tushu Jicheng, Volume 315 (1700-1725).djvu/111|Volume 315, page 111]] (twice)
* [[zh:Page:Gujin Tushu Jicheng, Volume 343 (1700-1725).djvu/2|Volume 315, page 2]]
* [[zh:Page:Gujin Tushu Jicheng, Volume 343 (1700-1725).djvu/11|Volume 315, page 11]] (twice)
Is there a possibility it's ⿱雨川 (EFB1)?
Many thanks. [[User:Theknightwho|Theknightwho]] ([[User talk:Theknightwho|talk]]) 16:34, 16 May 2022 (UTC)
:Yes, it does appear to be the same ⿱雨川 which is listed in the table above, but I'll let {{@|Jlhwung}} confirm it. [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 16:51, 16 May 2022 (UTC)
::Many thanks! [[User:Theknightwho|Theknightwho]] ([[User talk:Theknightwho|talk]]) 17:26, 16 May 2022 (UTC)
:Yes. The short bibliography of 熊⿱雨川 was quoted from 明外史忠義傳. The 明外史 is an earlier version of 明史 according to 黃彰健's [https://www2.ihp.sinica.edu.tw/file/4284fQmyxFF.pdf 明外史考], so it is expected that 熊⿱雨川 is also found in 明史. [[User:Jlhwung|Jlhwung]] ([[User talk:Jlhwung|talk]]) 23:29, 16 May 2022 (UTC)
::@[[User:Jlhwung|Jlhwung]] Thank you! [[User:Theknightwho|Theknightwho]] ([[User talk:Theknightwho|talk]]) 08:45, 17 May 2022 (UTC)

== UCV #118 ==

I'm seeing characters where I think that 日 is being written as 𭺫 or possibly 𭺪 when written as the left radical, but it seems to be a deliberate choice as it isn't done consistently (compare 㫜 and 㫟 with 㫞 and 㫝 on the first couple of lines of [https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:Gujin_Tushu_Jicheng,_Volume_009_(1700-1725).djvu/114 this page]). I'm not entirely sure what to make of it. Is it entirely stylistic, and does UCV #118 potentially need updating to cover this? [[User:Theknightwho|Theknightwho]] ([[User talk:Theknightwho|talk]]) 16:23, 24 May 2022 (UTC)

:UCV #118 relates to 冃日曰 in top position, so lateral 日 variants would not come under this UCV. Personally, I don't think a UCV is necessary until and unless there is a submission to IRG which includes a character with a unifiable 日 variant on the left. It is not obvious to me why most examples on the page you linked to have the variant form, whereas some have the standard form of 日, but I do not think the glyph difference is significant, and I would ignore it when digitally transcribing the text. [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 23:34, 24 May 2022 (UTC)
::Thank you! [[User:Theknightwho|Theknightwho]] ([[User talk:Theknightwho|talk]]) 00:51, 25 May 2022 (UTC)

=== References ===

{{reflist}}

== small question: 𢰡 ==

BSH (as of 16.0.2) depicts [https://zi.tools/zi/𢰡 &lt;code&gt;U+22C21 𢰡&lt;/code&gt;] as &lt;code&gt;⿰扌候&lt;/code&gt; instead of &lt;code&gt;⿰扌侯&lt;/code&gt;. Is this intentional?
:Oops, my bad! I've fixed it in the daily beta, but let me know if you need the fix before the next scheduled public release (for Unicode 17.0 next year). [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]])
(If you would prefer that such conversations take place elsewhere, please scold me.) [[User:Fish bowl|Fish bowl]] ([[User talk:Fish bowl|talk]]) 23:30, 18 October 2024 (UTC)
:I don't mind, but you can also email me bug reports if you prefer. [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 10:56, 19 October 2024 (UTC)

== On 諱秘字 from 上清眾經諸真聖秘 ==

{{ping|Stationspatiale}} Thank you for collecting these characters. Could you also check if there are any variation form / more evidences from 《太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經》([https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-5846_%E9%81%93%E8%97%8F_%E7%AC%AC138%E5%86%8A.pdf&amp;page=13 link])? I believe there will be quite a few starting from the chapter 九天化生三元九真寳神內諱. The more evidences we found, the more likely they will be encoded in the future. Many thanks. --[[User:Jlhwung|Jlhwung]] ([[User talk:Jlhwung|talk]]) 17:58, 26 April 2025 (UTC)

:I've just checked it now; thanks for bringing it to my attention. Again, I apologize for the lack of folio numbers. All of the ⿵門 characters from juan 2 appear in《太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經》, except for ⿵門管, which appears to be replaced by the variant ⿵門宫. In addition, I also found 2 more unencoded characters: ⿵門沌 and a character on [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ANLC892-411999005947-5846_道藏_第138冊.pdf&amp;page=13 this page] that appears (to me) to potentially be ⿵門闌, but is unclear. Curiously, it appears in typeset versions such as [https://taolibrary.com/category/category109/c1090058.htm# here] and [http://www.ctcwri.idv.tw/CTCW-CJD/CJD01洞真部/CJD0101洞真本文/CJD0101ALL/CJD010156太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經.pdf here] as ⿵門問, also unencoded, but does not appear as such in the available manuscript. They also render ⿵門溧 and ⿵門⿱地⿰地地 as ⿵門梁 and ⿵門⿱地頃, respectively. What are your thoughts? My knowledge concerning Daoist texts is unfortunately very limited, so if you have any expertise on them, it would be very much appreciated. Thank you very much. [[User:Stationspatiale|Stationspatiale]] ([[User talk:Stationspatiale|talk]]) 19:22, 27 April 2025 (UTC)
::Thank you for the investigation. Yeah it appears to me to be ⿵門闌 as well, given that 《上清眾經諸真聖秘》already gives 闌, but it is probably not clear enough for encoding purpose. Unfortunately 《太上玉珮金璫太極金書上經》in not included in the [https://db2.sido.keio.ac.jp/kanseki/bib_detail?page=2&amp;bibid=007074&amp;record_index=178&amp;total_count=214 Japan Imperial Household Agency collection], so I guess we have to wait for better evidences for this one. [[User:Jlhwung|Jlhwung]] ([[User talk:Jlhwung|talk]]) 02:05, 29 April 2025 (UTC)
:::I agree, should be ⿵門闌, not anything else it could be, but as Jlhwung says we need clearer evidence for encoding. [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 09:14, 29 April 2025 (UTC)

== Long Story of Short Forms ==

(re: https://hc.jsecs.org/irg/ws2024/app/?id=01372#c10576) I have an in-progress project at https://github.com/szc126/pua-roarsff to list the characters from the book, if it is of any interest. [[User:Fish bowl|Fish bowl]] ([[User talk:Fish bowl|talk]]) 21:15, 26 April 2025 (UTC)
:Of course it is of interest, thank you for sharing! Maybe you could consider asking UTC to submit some of the unencoded forms for the next working set. (I think they are a better fit for UTC, and it is uncertain whether UK will make a submission for next wg.) [[User:BabelStone|BabelStone]] ([[User talk:BabelStone|talk]]) 22:11, 26 April 2025 (UTC)

== Rest In Peace Mr.Weian ==

🕯 --[[User:Sheminghui.WU|Sheminghui.WU]] ([[User talk:Sheminghui.WU|talk]]) 04:13, 16 July 2025 (UTC)</text>
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      <text bytes="1815" sha1="fz0i8yb137pnq5vkhzl664uhrooz5aw" xml:space="preserve">Wikisource Banjar disadiaakan ulih sabuting urganisasi nirlaba [[w:Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia]], nang mauprasiakan gawian [[w:Multilingual|multi bahasa]] wan [[w:Copyrights|naskah gratis]] nang lain:

{| class=&quot;plainlinks noresize&quot; style=&quot;width: 100%;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;4&quot;
|-
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|link=http://www.wiktionary.org|alt=Logo of Wiktionary]]
| '''[http://www.wiktionary.org Wiktionary]'''&lt;br /&gt;Kamus
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x41px|link=http://www.wikiquote.org|alt=Logo of Wikiquote]]
| '''[http://www.wikiquote.org Wikiquote]'''&lt;br /&gt;Kumpulan kutipan
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|link=http://www.wikibooks.org|alt=Logo of Wikibooks]]
| '''[http://www.wikibooks.org Wikibooks]'''&lt;br /&gt;Buku
|-
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x41px|link=wikispecies:|alt=Logo of Wikispecies]]
| '''[[wikispecies:|Wikispecies]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Spesies
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.png|35x37px|link=http://www.wikipedia.org|alt=Logo of Wikipedia]]
| '''[http://www.wikipedia.org Wikipedia]'''&lt;br /&gt;Insiklupidia
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikiversity-logo.svg|41x31px|link=http://www.wikiversity.org|alt=Logo of Wikiversity]]
| '''[http://www.wikiversity.org Wikiversity]'''&lt;br /&gt;Bahan gasan balajar
|-
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|31x41px|link=commons:|alt=Logo of Wikimedia Commons]]
| '''[[commons:|Commons]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Gudang
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x36px|link=m:|alt=Logo of Wikimedia community]]
| '''[[meta:|Meta&amp;#8209;Wiki]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Koordinasi rangka-gawian Wikimedia
|}&lt;noinclude&gt;[[Category:templates|{{PAGENAME}}]][[Category:بهاس بنجر|Basa Banjar]]&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="1962" sha1="0iywdq1wj3iozykuehyhb10fe4v8wf5" xml:space="preserve">'''Wikisource Bahsa Acèh''' geuseudia lé saboh organisasi nirlaba [[w:Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia]], nyang geupeujak buet lam [[w:Multilingual|le bahsa]] ngön [[w:Copyrights|naseukah bibeueh]] nyang laén:

{| class=&quot;plainlinks noresize&quot; style=&quot;width: 100%;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;4&quot;
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| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|link=http://www.wiktionary.org|alt=Logo of Wiktionary]]
| '''[[incubator:wt/ace/Ôn Keuë|Wiktionary]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Kamueh
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x41px|link=http://www.wikiquote.org|alt=Logo of Wikiquote]]
| '''[http://www.wikiquote.org Wikiquote]'''&lt;br /&gt;Keuneukheun
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|link=http://www.wikibooks.org|alt=Logo of Wikibooks]]
| '''[[incubator:wb/ace/Ôn_Keue|Wikibook]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Kitab
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x41px|link=wikispecies:|alt=Logo of Wikispecies]]
| '''[[wikispecies:|Wikispecies]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Spesies
|-
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikipedia-logo.png|35x37px|link=http://www.wikipedia.org|alt=Logo of Wikipedia]]
| '''[http://www.wikipedia.org Wikipedia]'''&lt;br /&gt;Ènsiklopèdia
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikiversity-logo.svg|41x31px|link=http://www.wikiversity.org|alt=Logo of Wikiversity]]
| '''[http://www.wikiversity.org Wikiversity]'''&lt;br /&gt;Bahan meurunoe
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|31x41px|link=commons:|alt=Logo of Wikimedia Commons]]
| '''[[commons:|Commons]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Gudang
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg|35x36px|link=m:|alt=Logo of Wikimedia community]]
| '''[[incubator:Wy/ace/Ôn Keue|Wikivoyage]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Wiki Diwana
|-
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x36px|link=m:|alt=Logo of Wikimedia community]]
| '''[[meta:|Meta&amp;#8209;Wiki]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Meta-Wiki
|}&lt;noinclude&gt;[[Category:templates|{{PAGENAME}}]][[Category:Bahsa Acèh]]&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>0iywdq1wj3iozykuehyhb10fe4v8wf5</sha1>
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      <comment>/* Tech News: 2026-14 */ new section</comment>
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      <text bytes="553525" sha1="ae10po957d4h6i86zb6uj233mbjyd89" xml:space="preserve">== Tech News: 2023-49 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W49&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/49|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The spacing between paragraphs on Vector 2022 has been changed from 7px to 14px to match the size of the text. This will make it easier to distinguish paragraphs from sentences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T351754]
* The &quot;{{int:Visualeditor-dialog-meta-categories-defaultsort-label}}&quot; feature in VisualEditor is working again. You no longer need to switch to source editing to edit &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{DEFAULTSORT:...}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; keywords. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T337398]

'''Changes later this week'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* On 6 December, people who have the enabled the preference for &quot;{{int:Discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}&quot; will notice the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|talk page usability improvements]] appear on pages that include the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__NEWSECTIONLINK__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; magic word. If you notice any issues, please [[phab:T352232|share them with the team on Phabricator]].

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Toolforge [[wikitech:News/Toolforge Grid Engine deprecation|Grid Engine shutdown process]] will start on December 14. Maintainers of [[toolforge:grid-deprecation|tools that still use this old system]] should plan to migrate to Kubernetes, or tell the team your plans on Phabricator in the task about your tool, before that date. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/VIWWQKMSQO2ED3TVUR7KPPWRTOBYBVOA/]
* Communities using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions|Structured Discussions]] are being contacted regarding [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|the upcoming deprecation of Structured Discussions]]. You can read more about this project, and share your comments, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|on the project's page]].

'''Events'''
* Registration &amp; Scholarship applications are now open for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2024|Wikimedia Hackathon 2024]] that will take place from 3–5 May in Tallinn, Estonia. Scholarship applications are open until 5 January 2024.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/49|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W49&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:50, 4 December 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-50 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W50&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/50|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* On Wikimedia Commons, there are some minor user-interface improvements for the &quot;choosing own vs not own work&quot; step in the UploadWizard. This is part of the Structured Content team's project of [[:commons:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Upload Wizard Improvements|improving UploadWizard on Commons]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352707][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352709]

'''Problems'''
* There was a problem showing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Personalized first day/Newcomer homepage|Newcomer homepage]] feature with the &quot;impact module&quot; and their page-view graphs, for a few days in early December. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352352][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352349]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=]] The [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/796964 2023 Developer Satisfaction Survey] is seeking the opinions of the Wikimedia developer community. Please take the survey if you have any role in developing software for the Wikimedia ecosystem. The survey is open until 5 January 2024, and has an associated [[foundation:Legal:December_2023_Developer_Satisfaction_Survey|privacy statement]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/50|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W50&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:12, 12 December 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2023-51 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2023-W51&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/51|Translations]] are available.

'''Tech News'''
* The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 8 January 2024 because of [[w:en:Christmas and holiday season|the holidays]].

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2023-12-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). There is no new MediaWiki version next week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting December 18, it won't be possible to activate Structured Discussions on a user's own talk page using the Beta feature. The Beta feature option remains available for users who want to deactivate Structured Discussions. This is part of [[mw:Structured Discussions/Deprecation|Structured Discussions' deprecation work]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248309] 
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] There will be full support for redirects in the Module namespace. The &quot;Move Page&quot; feature will leave an appropriate redirect behind, and such redirects will be appropriately recognized by the software (e.g. hidden from [[{{#special:UnconnectedPages}}]]). There will also be support for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#Renaming or moving modules|manual redirects]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T120794]

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The MediaWiki JavaScript documentation is moving to a new format. During the move, you can read the old docs using [https://doc.wikimedia.org/mediawiki-core/REL1_41/js/ version 1.41]. Feedback about [https://doc.wikimedia.org/mediawiki-core/master/js/ the new site] is welcome on the [[mw:Talk:JSDoc_WMF_theme|project talk page]].
* The Wishathon is a new initiative that encourages collaboration across the Wikimedia community to develop solutions for wishes collected through the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey|Community Wishlist Survey]]. The first community Wishathon will take place from 15–17 March. If you are interested in a project proposal as a user, developer, designer, or product lead, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:WishathonMarch2024|register for the event and read more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2023/51|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2023-W51&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:17, 18 December 2023 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-02 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W02&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/02|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [https://mediawiki2latex.wmflabs.org/ mediawiki2latex] is a tool that converts wiki content into the formats of LaTeX, PDF, ODT, and EPUB. The code now runs many times faster due to recent improvements. There is also an optional Docker container you can [[b:de:Benutzer:Dirk_Hünniger/wb2pdf/install#Using_Docker|install]] on your local machine.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The way that Random pages are selected has been updated. This will slowly reduce the problem of some pages having a lower chance of appearing. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T309477]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.13|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-09|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-10|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-11|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/02|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W02&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:19, 9 January 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Pages that use the JSON [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:ContentHandler|contentmodel]] will now use tabs instead of spaces for auto-indentation. This will significantly reduce the page size. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326065]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets]] and personal user scripts may now use JavaScript syntax introduced in ES6 (also known as &quot;ES2015&quot;) and ES7 (&quot;ES2016&quot;). MediaWiki validates the source code to protect other site functionality from syntax errors, and to ensure scripts are valid in all [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Compatibility#Browsers|supported browsers]]. Previously, Gadgets could use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;requiresES6&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; option. This option is no longer needed and will be removed in the future. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T75714]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Bot passwords|Bot passwords]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/Owner-only consumers|owner-only OAuth consumers]] can now be restricted to allow editing only specific pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T349957]
* You can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Thanks|thank]] edits made by bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341388]
* An update on the status of the Community Wishlist Survey for 2024 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey/Future Of The Wishlist/January 4, 2024 Update|has been published]]. Please read and give your feedback.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.14|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting on January 17, it will not be possible to login to Wikimedia wikis from some specific old versions of the Chrome browser (versions 51–66, released between 2016 and 2018). Additionally, users of iOS 12, or Safari on Mac OS 10.14, may need to login to each wiki separately. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344791]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;jquery.cookie&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; module was deprecated and replaced with the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mediawiki.cookie&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; module last year. A script has now been run to replace any remaining uses, and this week the temporary alias will be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354966]

'''Future changes'''
* Wikimedia Deutschland is working to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Reusing references|make reusing references easier]]. They are looking for people who are interested in participating in [https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/User-research-into-Reusing-References-Sign-up-Form-2024/en/ individual video calls for user research in January and February].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:12, 16 January 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26074460 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* A bug in UploadWizard prevented linking to the userpage of the uploader when uploading. It has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354529]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.15|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:03, 23 January 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Starting Monday January 29, all talk pages messages' timestamps will become a link. This link is a permanent link to the comment. It allows users to find the comment they are looking for, even if this comment was moved elsewhere. This will affect all wikis except for the English Wikipedia. You can read more about this change [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/01/29/talk-page-permalinks-dont-lose-your-threads/ on Diff] or [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Talk_pages_permalinking|on Mediawiki.org]].&lt;!-- The Diff post will be published on Monday morning UTC--&gt; [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T302011]
* There are some improvements to the CAPTCHA to make it harder for spam bots and scripts to bypass it. If you have feedback on this change, please comment on [[phab:T141490|the task]]. Staff are monitoring metrics related to the CAPTCHA, as well as secondary metrics such as account creations and edit counts.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.16|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-01-31|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-01|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] On February 1, a link will be added to the &quot;Tools&quot; menu to download a [[w:en:QR code|QR code]] that links to the page you are viewing. There will also be a new [[{{#special:QrCode}}]] page to create QR codes for any Wikimedia URL. This addresses the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Mobile and apps/Add ability to share QR code for a page in any Wikimedia project|#19 most-voted wish]] from the [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Results|2023 Community Wishlist Survey]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T329973]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets]] which only work in some skins have sometimes used the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;targets&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; option to limit where you can use them. This will stop working this week. You should use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;skins&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; option instead. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328497]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:31, 29 January 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
*The mobile site history pages now use the same HTML as the desktop history pages. If you hear of any problems relating to mobile history usage please point them to [[phab:T353388|the phabricator task]].
*On most wikis, admins can now block users from making specific actions. These actions are: uploading files, creating new pages, moving (renaming) pages, and sending thanks. The goal of this feature is to allow admins to apply blocks that are adequate to the blocked users' activity. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community health initiative/Partial blocks#action-blocks|Learn more about &quot;action blocks&quot;]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T242541][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T280531]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.17|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-06|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-07|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-08|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Talk pages permalinks that included diacritics and non-Latin script were malfunctioning. This issue is fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356199]

'''Future changes'''
* [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#24WPs|24 Wikipedias]] with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference_Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]] as a default gadget are encouraged to remove that default flag. This would make [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference_Previews|Reference Previews]] the new default for reference popups, leading to a more consistent experience across wikis. For [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#46WPs|46 Wikipedias]] with less than 4 interface admins, the change is already scheduled for mid-February, [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/ReferencePreviews#Reference Previews to become the default for previewing references on more wikis.|unless there are concerns]]. The older Reference Tooltips gadget will still remain usable and will override this feature, if it is available on your wiki and you have enabled it in your settings. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/ReferencePreviews#Reference_Previews_to_become_the_default_for_previewing_references_on_more_wikis][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T355312]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:22, 5 February 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
*  The [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS graph split|WDQS Graph Split experiment]] is working and loaded onto 3 test servers. The team in charge is testing the split's impact and requires feedback from WDQS users through the UI or programmatically in different channels. [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata_talk:SPARQL_query_service/WDQS_graph_split][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356773][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/User:Sannita_(WMF)] Users' feedback will validate the impact of various use cases and workflows around the Wikidata Query service. [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:SPARQL_query_service/WDQS_backend_update/October_2023_scaling_update][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikidata_Query_Service/User_Manual#Federation]

'''Problems'''
*There was a bug that affected the appearance of visited links when using mobile device to access wiki sites. It made the links appear black; [[phab:T356928|this issue]] is fixed.  

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.18|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-13|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-14|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-15|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] As work continues on the grid engine deprecation,[https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/Toolforge_Grid_Engine_deprecation] tools on the grid engine will be stopped starting on February 14th, 2024. If you have tools actively migrating you can ask for an extension so they are not stopped. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Portal:Toolforge/About_Toolforge#Communication_and_support] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 05:48, 13 February 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W08&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* If you have the &quot;{{int:Tog-enotifwatchlistpages}}&quot; option enabled, edits by bot accounts no longer trigger notification emails. Previously, only minor edits would not trigger the notification emails. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356984]
* There are changes to how user and site scripts load for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector/2022| Vector 2022]] on specific wikis. The changes impacted the following Wikis: all projects with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector|Vector legacy]] as the default skin, Wikivoyage, and Wikibooks. Other wikis will be affected over the course of the next three months. Gadgets are not impacted. If you have been affected or want to minimize the impact on your project, see [[Phab:T357580| this ticket]]. Please coordinate and take action proactively.
*Newly auto-created accounts (the accounts you get when you visit a new wiki) now have the same local notification preferences as users who freshly register on that wiki. It is effected in four notification types listed in the [[phab:T353225|task's description]].
*The maximum file size when using [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Upload_Wizard|Upload Wizard]] is now 5 GiB. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191804]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.19|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-20|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-21|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-22|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Selected tools on the grid engine have been [[wikitech:News/Toolforge_Grid_Engine_deprecation|stopped]] as we prepare to shut down the grid on March 14th, 2024. The tool's code and data have not been deleted. If you are a maintainer and you want your tool re-enabled reach out to the [[wikitech:Portal:Toolforge/About_Toolforge#Communication_and_support|team]]. Only tools that have asked for extension are still running on the grid.
* The CSS &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/filter filter]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; property can now be used in HTML &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;style&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attributes in wikitext. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308160]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W08&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 15:36, 19 February 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26254282 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W09&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor_on_mobile|mobile visual editor]] is now the default editor for users who never edited before, at a small group of wikis. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor_on_mobile/VE_mobile_default#A/B_test_results| Research ]] shows that users using this editor are slightly more successful publishing the edits they started, and slightly less successful publishing non-reverted edits. Users who defined the wikitext editor as their default on desktop will get the wikitext editor on mobile for their first edit on mobile as well. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352127]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/ResourceLoader/Core modules#mw.config|mw.config]] value &lt;code&gt;wgGlobalGroups&lt;/code&gt; now only contains groups that are active in the wiki. Scripts no longer have to check whether the group is active on the wiki via an API request. A code example of the above is: &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;if (/globalgroupname/.test(mw.config.get(&quot;wgGlobalGroups&quot;)))&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356008]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.20|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-27|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-28|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-02-29|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* The right to change [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Tags|edit tags]] (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;changetags&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;) will be removed from users in Wikimedia sites, keeping it by default for admins and bots only. Your community can ask to retain the old configuration on your wiki before this change happens. Please indicate in [[phab:T355639|this ticket]] to keep it for your community before the end of March 2024.
'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W09&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:23, 26 February 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26294125 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W10&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Special:Book&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; page (as well as the associated &quot;Create a book&quot; functionality) provided by the old [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Collection|Collection extension]] has been removed from all Wikisource wikis, as it was broken. This does not affect the ability to download normal books, which is provided by the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Wikisource|Wikisource extension]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358437]
* [[m:Wikitech|Wikitech]] now uses the next-generation [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]] wikitext parser by default to generate all pages in the Talk namespace.  Report any problems on the [[mw:Talk:Parsoid/Parser_Unification/Known_Issues|Known Issues discussion page]]. You can use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ParserMigration|ParserMigration]] extension to control the use of Parsoid; see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|ParserMigration help documentation]] for more details.
* Maintenance on [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org etherpad] is completed. If you encounter any issues, please indicate in [[phab:T316421|this ticket]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=| Advanced item]] [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets|Gadgets]] allow interface admins to create custom features with CSS and JavaScript. The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Gadget&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Gadget_definition&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; namespaces and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;gadgets-definition-edit&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; user right were reserved for an experiment in 2015, but were never used. These were visible on Special:Search and Special:ListGroupRights. The unused namespaces and user rights are now removed. No pages are moved, and no changes need to be made. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T31272]
* A usability improvement to the &quot;Add a citation&quot; in Wikipedia workflow has been made, the insert button was moved to the popup header. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354847]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.21|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-05|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-06|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-07|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
*  All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 20. This is planned at 14:00 UTC. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358233]
* The HTML markup of headings and section edit links will be changed later this year to improve accessibility. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Heading_HTML_changes|Heading HTML changes]] for details. The new markup will be the same as in the new Parsoid wikitext parser. You can test your gadget or stylesheet with the new markup if you add &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;?useparsoid=1&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; to your URL ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration#Selecting_a_parser_using_a_URL_query_string|more info]]) or turn on Parsoid read views in your user options ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration#Enabling_via_user_preference|more info]]).
*

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W10&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:47, 4 March 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26329807 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.22|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-12|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-13|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-14|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* After consulting with various communities, the line height of the text on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Minerva Neue|Minerva skin]] will be increased to its previous value of 1.65. Different options for typography can also be set using the options in the menu, as needed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358498]
*The active link color in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Minerva Neue|Minerva]] will be changed to provide more consistency with our other platforms and best practices. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358516]
* [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Structured data|Structured data on Commons]] will no longer ask whether you want to leave the page without saving. This will prevent the “information you’ve entered may not be saved” popups from appearing when no information have been entered. It will also make file pages on Commons load faster in certain cases. However, the popups will be hidden even if information has indeed been entered. If you accidentally close the page before saving the structured data you entered, that data will be lost. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T312315]

'''Future changes'''
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 20. This is planned at 14:00 UTC. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358233][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:04, 11 March 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26374013 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The notice &quot;Language links are at the top of the page&quot; that appears in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector/2022|Vector 2022 skin]] main menu has been removed now that users have learned the new location of the Language switcher. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T353619]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[m:Special:MyLanguage/IP_Editing:_Privacy_Enhancement_and_Abuse_Mitigation/IP_Info_feature|IP info feature]] displays data from Spur, an IP addresses database. Previously, the only data source for this feature was MaxMind. Now, IP info is more useful for patrollers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341395]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The Toolforge Grid Engine services have been shut down after the final migration process from Grid Engine to Kubernetes. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Obsolete:Toolforge/Grid][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/Toolforge_Grid_Engine_deprecation][https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2022/03/14/toolforge-and-grid-engine/]
* Communities can now customize the default reasons for undeleting a page by creating [[MediaWiki:Undelete-comment-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326746]

'''Problems'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE_Technical_Wishes/RevisionSlider|RevisionSlider]] is an interface to interactively browse a page's history. Users in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:RevisionSlider/Developing_a_RTL-accessible_feature_in_MediaWiki_-_what_we%27ve_learned_while_creating_the_RevisionSlider|right-to-left]] languages reported RevisionSlider reacting wrong to mouse clicks. This should be fixed now. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352169]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.23|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-19|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-20|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-21|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 20. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1710943200 14:00 UTC]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T358233][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server_switch]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:39, 18 March 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26410165 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] An update was made on March 18th 2024 to how various projects load site, user JavaScript and CSS in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Vector/2022|Vector 2022 skin]]. A [[phab:T360384|checklist]] is provided for site admins to follow.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.24|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-26|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-27|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-03-28|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:56, 25 March 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26446209 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-14 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading|reading accessibility]] beta feature will notice that the default line height for the standard and large text options has changed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359030]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.25|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-02|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-03|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-04|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has an annual plan. The annual plan decides what the Wikimedia Foundation will work on. You can now read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product &amp; Technology OKRs#Draft Key Results|the draft key results]] for the Product and Technology department. They are suggestions for what results the Foundation wants from big technical changes from July 2024 to June 2025. You can [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|comment on the talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W14&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 03:36, 2 April 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26462933 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-15 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W15&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/15|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Web browsers can use tools called [[:w:en:Browser extension|extensions]]. There is now a Chrome extension called [[m:Future Audiences/Experiment:Citation Needed|Citation Needed]] which you can use to see if an online statement is supported by a Wikipedia article. This is a small experiment to see if Wikipedia can be used this way. Because it is a small experiment, it can only be used in Chrome in English.
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Wishlist item]] A new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit Recovery|Edit Recovery]] feature has been added to all wikis, available as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|user preference]]. Once you enable it, your in-progress edits will be stored in your web browser, and if you accidentally close an editing window or your browser or computer crashes, you will be prompted to recover the unpublished text. Please leave any feedback on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Edit-recovery feature|project talk page]]. This was the #8 wish in the 2023 Community Wishlist Survey.
* Initial results of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit check]] experiments [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check#4_April_2024|have been published]]. Edit Check is now deployed as a default feature at [[phab:T342930#9538364|the wikis that tested it]]. [[mw:Talk:Edit check|Let us know]] if you want your wiki to be part of the next deployment of Edit check. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T342930][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361727]
* Readers using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:Minerva Neue|Minerva skin]] on mobile will notice there has been an improvement in the line height across all typography settings. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359029]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/wmf.26|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-09|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-10|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-11|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.42/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* New accounts and logged-out users will get the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor|visual editor]] as their default editor on mobile. This deployment is made at all wikis except for the English Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361134]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/15|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W15&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:37, 8 April 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26564838 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-16 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W16&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/16|Translations]] are available.

'''Problems'''
* Between 2 April and 8 April, on wikis using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|Flagged Revisions]], the &quot;{{Int:tag-mw-reverted}}&quot; tag was not applied to undone edits. In addition, page moves, protections and imports were not autoreviewed. This problem is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361918][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361940]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.1|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-16|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-17|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-18|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#DEFAULTSORT|Default category sort keys]] will now affect categories added by templates placed in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Cite|footnotes]]. Previously footnotes used the page title as the default sort key even if a different default sort key was specified (category-specific sort keys already worked). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T40435]
* A new variable &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;page_last_edit_age&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will be added to [[Special:AbuseFilter|abuse filters]]. It tells how many seconds ago the last edit to a page was made. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T269769]

'''Future changes'''
* Volunteer developers are kindly asked to update the code of their tools and features to handle [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers/2024-04 CTA|Learn more]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Four database fields will be removed from database replicas (including [[quarry:|Quarry]]). This affects only the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;abuse_filter&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;abuse_filter_history&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; tables. Some queries might need to be updated. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361996]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/16|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W16&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:29, 15 April 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26564838 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-17 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W17&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/17|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Starting this week, newcomers editing Wikipedia [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Positive reinforcement#Leveling up 3|will be encouraged]] to try structured tasks. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature summary#Newcomer tasks|Structured tasks]] have been shown to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Personalized first day/Structured tasks/Add a link/Experiment analysis, December 2021|improve newcomer activation and retention]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348086]
* You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|nominate your favorite tools]] for the fifth edition of the Coolest Tool Award. Nominations will be open until May 10. 

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.2|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-23|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-24|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-25|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* This is the last warning that by the end of May 2024 the Vector 2022 skin will no longer share site and user scripts/styles with old Vector. For user-scripts that you want to keep using on Vector 2022, copy the contents of [[{{#special:MyPage}}/vector.js]] to [[{{#special:MyPage}}/vector-2022.js]]. There are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Desktop Improvements/Features/Loading Vector 2010 scripts|more technical details]] available. Interface administrators who foresee this leading to lots of technical support questions may wish to send a mass message to your community, as was done on French Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T362701]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/17|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W17&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:28, 22 April 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-18 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W18&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/18|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''

[[File:Talk_pages_default_look_(April_2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]]
* The appearance of talk pages changed for the following wikis: {{int:project-localized-name-azwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hiwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-idwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ptwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-rowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-thwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ukwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-viwiki/en}}. These wikis participated to a test, where 50% of users got the new design, for one year. As this test [[Mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability/Analysis|gave positive results]], the new design is deployed on these wikis as the default design. It is possible to opt-out these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|in user preferences]] (&quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}&quot;). The deployment will happen at all wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341491]
* Seven new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q33014|Betawi]] ([[w:bew:|&lt;code&gt;w:bew:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357866]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35708|Kusaal]] ([[w:kus:|&lt;code&gt;w:kus:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359757]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35513|Igala]] ([[w:igl:|&lt;code&gt;w:igl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361644]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary}} in [[d:Q33541|Karakalpak]] ([[wikt:kaa:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:kaa:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T362135]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q9228|Burmese]] ([[s:my:|&lt;code&gt;s:my:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361085]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q9237|Malay]] ([[s:ms:|&lt;code&gt;s:ms:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363039]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q8108|Georgian]] ([[s:ka:|&lt;code&gt;s:ka:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363085]
* You can now [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Support#Early_access:_Watch_Message_Groups_on_Translatewiki.net watch message groups/projects] on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/translatewiki.net|Translatewiki.net]]. Initially, this feature will notify you of added or deleted messages in these groups. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348501]
* Dark mode is now available on all wikis, on mobile web for logged-in users who opt into the [[Special:MobileOptions|advanced mode]]. This is the early release of the feature. Technical editors are invited to [https://night-mode-checker.wmcloud.org/ check for accessibility issues on wikis]. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-04|more detailed guidelines]].

'''Problems'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] maps can use an alternative visual style without labels, by using &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;mapstyle=&quot;osm&quot;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. This wasn't working in previews, creating the wrong impression that it wasn't supported. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T362531]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.3|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-04-30|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-01|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-02|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/18|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W18&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 03:33, 30 April 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-19 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W19&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/19|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
[[File:Talk_pages_default_look_(April_2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]]
* The appearance of talk pages changed for all wikis, except for Commons, Wikidata and most Wikipedias ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/18|a few]] have already received this design change). You can read the detail of the changes [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|on ''Diff'']]. It is possible to opt-out these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|in user preferences]] (&quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}&quot;). The deployment will happen at remaining wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T352087][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T319146]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Interface admins now have greater control over the styling of article components on mobile with the introduction of the &lt;code&gt;SiteAdminHelper&lt;/code&gt;. More information on how styles can be disabled can be found [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:WikimediaMessages#Site_admin_helper|at the extension's page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363932]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] has added article body sections in JSON format and a curated short description field to the existing parsed Infobox. This expansion to the API is also available via Wikimedia Cloud Services. [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/article-sections-and-description/]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.4|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-07|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-08|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-09|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* When you look at the Special:Log page, the first view is labelled &quot;All public logs&quot;, but it only shows some logs. This label will now say &quot;Main public logs&quot;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T237729]

'''Future changes'''
* A new service will be built to replace [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|Extension:Graph]]. Details can be found in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph/Plans|the latest update]] regarding this extension.
* Starting May 21, English Wikipedia and German Wikipedia will get the possibility to activate &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]]&quot;. This is part of the [[phab:T304110|progressive deployment of this tool to all Wikipedias]]. These communities can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Community configuration|activate and configure the feature locally]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T308144]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/19|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W19&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:44, 6 May 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26729363 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-20 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W20&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/20|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* On Wikisource there is a special page listing pages of works without corresponding scan images. Now you can use the new magic word &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;__EXPECTWITHOUTSCANS__&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; to exclude certain pages (list of editions or translations of works) from that list. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344214]
* If you use the [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|user-preference]] &quot;{{int:tog-uselivepreview}}&quot;, then the template-page feature &quot;{{int:Templatesandbox-editform-legend}}&quot; will now also work without reloading the page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T136907]
* [[mw:Special:Mylanguage/Extension:Kartographer|Kartographer]] maps can now specify an alternative text via the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;alt=&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attribute. This is identical in usage to the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;alt=&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attribute in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Images#Syntax|image and gallery syntax]]. An exception for this feature is wikis like Wikivoyage where the miniature maps are interactive. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328137]
* The old [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GuidedTour|Guided Tour]] for the &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Review Improvements/New filters for edit review|New Filters for Edit Review]]&quot; feature has been removed. It was created in 2017 to show people with older accounts how the interface had changed, and has now been seen by most of the intended people. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T217451]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.5|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-14|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-15|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-16|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The [[{{#special:search}}]] results page will now use CSS flex attributes, for better accessibility, instead of a table. If you have a gadget or script that adjusts search results, you should update your script to the new HTML structure. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T320295]

'''Future changes'''
* In the Vector 2022 skin, main pages will be displayed at full width (like special pages). The goal is to keep the number of characters per line large enough. This is related to the coming changes to typography in Vector 2022. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357706]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Two columns of the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:pagelinks table|pagelinks]]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; database table (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pl_namespace&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pl_title&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;) are being dropped soon. Users must use two columns of the new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;[[mw:special:MyLanguage/Manual:linktarget table|linktarget]]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; table instead (&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;lt_namespace&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;lt_title&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;). In your existing SQL queries:
*# Replace &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;JOIN pagelinks&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;JOIN linktarget&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;pl_&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;lt_&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; in the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;ON&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; statement
*# Below that add &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;JOIN pagelinks ON lt_id = pl_target_id&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;
** See &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[phab:T222224]]&lt;/bdi&gt; for technical reasoning. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T222224][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T299947]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/20|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W20&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:58, 13 May 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26762074 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-21 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W21&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/21|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Nuke|Nuke]] feature, which enables administrators to mass delete pages, will now correctly delete pages which were moved to another title. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T43351]
* New changes have been made to the UploadWizard in Wikimedia Commons: the overall layout has been improved, by following new styling and spacing for the form and its fields; the headers and helper text for each of the fields was changed; the Caption field is now a required field, and there is an option for users to copy their caption into the media description. [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:WMF_support_for_Commons/Upload_Wizard_Improvements#Changes_to_%22Describe%22_workflow][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361049]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.6|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-21|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-22|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-23|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]]  The HTML used to render all headings [[mw:Heading_HTML_changes|is being changed to improve accessibility]]. It will change on 22 May in some skins (Timeless, Modern, CologneBlue, Nostalgia, and Monobook). Please test gadgets on your wiki on these skins and [[phab:T13555|report any related problems]] so that they can be resolved before this change is made in all other skins. The developers are also considering the introduction of a [[phab:T337286|Gadget API for adding buttons to section titles]] if that would be helpful to tool creators, and would appreciate any input you have on that.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/21|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W21&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:04, 20 May 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26786311 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-22 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W22&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/22|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Several bugs related to the latest updates to the UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons have been fixed. For more information, see [[:phab:T365107|T365107]] and [[:phab:T365119|T365119]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] In March 2024 a new [[mw:ResourceLoader/Core_modules#addPortlet|addPortlet]] API was added to allow gadgets to create new portlets (menus) in the skin. In certain skins this can be used to create dropdowns. Gadget developers are invited to try it and [[phab:T361661|give feedback]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Some CSS in the Minerva skin has been removed to enable easier community configuration. Interface editors should check the rendering on mobile devices for aspects related to the classes: &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.collapsible&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.multicol&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.reflist&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.coordinates&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;.topicon&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. [[phab:T361659|Further details are available on replacement CSS]] if it is needed.

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.7|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-28|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-29|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-05-30|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* When you visit a wiki where you don't yet have a local account, local rules such as edit filters can sometimes prevent your account from being created. Starting this week, MediaWiki takes your global rights into account when evaluating whether you can override such local rules. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T316303]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/22|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W22&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:15, 28 May 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-23 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W23&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/23|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* It is now possible for local administrators to add new links to the bottom of the site Tools menu without JavaScript. [[mw:Manual:Interface/Sidebar#Add or remove toolbox sections|Documentation is available]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6086]
* The message name for the definition of the tracking category of WikiHiero has changed from &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MediaWiki:Wikhiero-usage-tracking-category&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot; to &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MediaWiki:Wikihiero-usage-tracking-category&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot;. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/extensions/wikihiero/+/1035855]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q5317225|Kadazandusun]] ([[w:dtp:|&lt;code&gt;w:dtp:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365220]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.8|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-04|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-05|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-06|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Future changes'''
* Next week, on wikis with the Vector 2022 skin as the default, logged-out desktop users will be able to choose between different font sizes. The default font size will also be increased for them. This is to make Wikimedia projects easier to read. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-06 deployments|Learn more]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/23|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W23&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:34, 3 June 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-24 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W24&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/24|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* The software used to render SVG files has been updated to a new version, fixing many longstanding bugs in SVG rendering. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T265549]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The HTML used to render all headings [[mw:Heading HTML changes|is being changed to improve accessibility]]. It was changed last week in some skins (Vector legacy and Minerva). Please test gadgets on your wiki on these skins and [[phab:T13555|report any related problems]] so that they can be resolved before this change is made in Vector-2022. The developers are still considering the introduction of a [[phab:T337286|Gadget API for adding buttons to section titles]] if that would be helpful to tool creators, and would appreciate any input you have on that.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The HTML markup used for citations by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]] changed last week. In places where Parsoid previously added the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mw-reference-text&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; class, Parsoid now also adds the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;reference-text&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; class for better compatibility with the legacy parser. [[mw:Specs/HTML/2.8.0/Extensions/Cite/Announcement|More details are available]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/1036705]

'''Problems'''
* There was a bug with the Content Translation interface that caused the tools menus to appear in the wrong location. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366374]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.9|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-11|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-12|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-13|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] The new version of MediaWiki includes another change to the HTML markup used for citations: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]] will now generate a &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-cite-backlink&quot;&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; wrapper for both named and unnamed references for better compatibility with the legacy parser. Interface administrators should verify that gadgets that interact with citations are compatible with the new markup. [[mw:Specs/HTML/2.8.0/Extensions/Cite/Announcement|More details are available]]. [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/1035809] 
* On multilingual wikis that use the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;translate&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; system, there is a feature that shows potentially-outdated translations with a pink background until they are updated or confirmed. From this week, confirming translations will be logged, and there is a new user-right that can be required for confirming translations if the community [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|requests it]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T49177]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/24|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W24&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:20, 10 June 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-25 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W25&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/25|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* People who attempt to add an external link in the visual editor will now receive immediate feedback if they attempt to link to a domain that a project has decided to block. Please see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check#11_June_2024|Edit check]] for more details. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366751]
* The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CommunityConfiguration|Community Configuration extension]] is available [[testwiki:Special:CommunityConfiguration|on Test Wikipedia]]. This extension allows communities to customize specific features to meet their local needs. Currently only Growth features are configurable, but the extension will support other [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community_configuration#Use_cases|Community Configuration use cases]] in the future. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T323811][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T360954]
* The dark mode [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] is now available on category and help pages, as well as more special pages. There may be contrast issues. Please report bugs on the [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading|project talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366370]

'''Problems'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Advanced item]] Cloud Services tools were not available for 25 minutes last week. This was caused by a faulty hardware cable in the data center. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Incidents/2024-06-11_WMCS_Ceph]
* Last week, styling updates were made to the Vector 2022 skin. This caused unforeseen issues with templates, hatnotes, and images. Changes to templates and hatnotes were reverted. Most issues with images were fixed. If you still see any, [[phab:T367463|report them here]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367480]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.10|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-18|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-19|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-20|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting June 18, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#ref|Reference Edit Check]] will be deployed to [[phab:T361843|a new set of Wikipedias]]. This feature is intended to help newcomers and to assist edit-patrollers by inviting people who are adding new content to a Wikipedia article to add a citation when they do not do so themselves. During [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check#Reference_Check_A/B_Test|a test at 11 wikis]], the number of citations added [https://diff.wikimedia.org/?p=127553 more than doubled] when Reference Check was shown to people. Reference Check is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Configuration|community configurable]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361843]&lt;!-- NOTE: THE DIFF BLOG WILL BE PUBLISHED ON MONDAY --&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mailing_lists|Mailing lists]] will be unavailable for roughly two hours on Tuesday 10:00–12:00 UTC. This is to enable migration to a new server and upgrade its software. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367521]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/25|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W25&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:48, 17 June 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-26 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W26&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/26|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Editors will notice that there have been some changes to the background color of text in the diff view, and the color of the byte-change numbers, last week. These changes are intended to make text more readable in both light mode and dark mode, and are part of a larger effort to increase accessibility. You can share your comments or questions [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading|on the project talkpage]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T361717]
* The text colors that are used for visited-links, hovered-links, and active-links, were also slightly changed last week to improve their accessibility in both light mode and dark mode. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366515]

'''Problems'''
* You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Talk pages permalinking|copy permanent links to talk page comments]] by clicking on a comment's timestamp. [[mw:Talk pages project/Permalinks|This feature]] did not always work when the topic title was very long and the link was used as a wikitext link. This has been fixed. Thanks to Lofhi for submitting the bug. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356196]

'''Changes later this week'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|alt=|Recurrent item]] The [[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/wmf.11|new version]] of MediaWiki will be on test wikis and MediaWiki.org from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-25|en}}. It will be on non-Wikipedia wikis and some Wikipedias from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-26|en}}. It will be on all wikis from {{#time:j xg|2024-06-27|en}} ([[mw:MediaWiki 1.43/Roadmap|calendar]]). [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Train][https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]
* Starting 26 June, all talk pages messages' timestamps will become a link at English Wikipedia, making this feature available for you to use at all wikis. This link is a permanent link to the comment. It allows users to find the comment they were linked to, even if this comment has since been moved elsewhere. You can read more about this feature [[DiffBlog:/2024/01/29/talk-page-permalinks-dont-lose-your-threads/|on Diff]] or [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools#Talk pages permalinking|on Mediawiki.org]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365974]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/26|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W26&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:32, 24 June 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=26989424 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-27 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W27&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/27|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* Over the next three weeks, dark mode will become available for all users, both logged-in and logged-out, starting with the mobile web version. This fulfils one of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist_Survey_2023/Reading/Dark_mode|top-requested community wishes]], and improves low-contrast reading and usage in low-light settings. As part of these changes, dark mode will also work on User-pages and Portals. There is more information in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility_for_reading/Updates#June_2024:_Typography_and_dark_mode_deployments,_new_global_preferences|the latest Web team update]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366364]
* Logged-in users can now set [[m:Special:GlobalPreferences#mw-prefsection-rendering-skin-skin-prefs|global preferences for the text-size and dark-mode]], thanks to a combined effort across Foundation teams. This allows Wikimedians using multiple wikis to set up a consistent reading experience easily, for example by switching between light and dark mode only once for all wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341278] 
* If you use a very old web browser some features might not work on the Wikimedia wikis. This affects Internet Explorer 11 and versions of Chrome, Firefox and Safari older than 2016. This change makes it possible to use new [[d:Q46441|CSS]] features and to send less code to all readers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T288287][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:How_to_make_a_MediaWiki_skin#Using_CSS_variables_for_supporting_different_themes_e.g._dark_mode]
* Wikipedia Admins can customize local wiki configuration options easily using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community Configuration|Community Configuration]]. Community Configuration was created to allow communities to customize how some features work, because each language wiki has unique needs. At the moment, admins can configure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Feature_summary|Growth features]] on their home wikis, in order to better recruit and retain new editors. More options will be provided in the coming months. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366458]
* Editors interested in language issues that are related to [[w:en:Unicode|Unicode standards]], can now discuss those topics at [[mw:Talk:WMF membership with Unicode Consortium|a new conversation space in MediaWiki.org]]. The Wikimedia Foundation is now a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/WMF membership with Unicode Consortium|member of the Unicode Consortium]], and the coordination group can collaboratively review the issues discussed and, where appropriate, bring them to the attention of the Unicode Consortium.
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q2891049|Mandailing]] ([[w:btm:|&lt;code&gt;w:btm:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368038] 

'''Problems'''
* Editors can once again click on links within the visual editor's citation-preview, thanks to a bug fix by the Editing Team. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368119]

'''Future changes'''
* Please [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/758713?lang=en help us to improve Tech News by taking this short survey]. The goal is to better meet the needs of the various types of people who read Tech News. The survey will be open for 2 weeks. The survey is covered by [https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Tech_News_Survey_2024_Privacy_Statement this privacy statement]. Some translations are available.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/27|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W27&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:59, 1 July 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-28 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W28&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/28|Translations]] are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* At the Wikimedia Foundation a new task force was formed to replace the disabled Graph with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project|more secure, easy to use, and extensible Chart]]. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Newsletter:Chart Project|subscribe to the newsletter]] to get notified about new project updates and other news about Chart.
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents]] extension is now available on Meta-wiki, Igbo Wikipedia, and Swahili Wikipedia, and can be requested on your wiki. This extension helps in managing and making events more visible, giving Event organizers the ability to use tools like the Event registration tool. To learn more about the deployment status and how to request this extension for your wiki, visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment_status|CampaignEvents page on Meta-wiki]]. 
* Editors using the iOS Wikipedia app who have more than 50 edits can now use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits#Add an image|Add an Image]] feature. This feature presents opportunities for small but useful contributions to Wikipedia.
* Thank you to [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights/Contributor retention and growth/Celebration|all of the authors]] who have contributed to MediaWiki Core. As a result of these contributions, the [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights/Contributor retention and growth|percentage of authors contributing more than 5 patches has increased by 25% since last year]], which helps ensure the sustainability of the platform for the Wikimedia projects.

'''Problems'''
* A problem with the color of the talkpage tabs always showing as blue, even for non-existent pages which should have been red, affecting the Vector 2022 skin, [[phab:T367982|has been fixed]]. 

'''Future changes'''
* The Trust and Safety Product team wants to introduce [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] with as little disruption to tools and workflows as possible. Volunteer developers, including gadget and user-script maintainers, are kindly asked to update the code of their tools and features to handle temporary accounts. The team has [[mw:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|created documentation]] explaining how to do the update. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers/2024-04 CTA|Learn more]].

'''Tech News survey'''
* Please [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/758713?lang=en help us to improve Tech News by taking this short survey]. The goal is to better meet the needs of the various types of people who read Tech News. The survey will be open for 1 more week. The survey is covered by [https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Tech_News_Survey_2024_Privacy_Statement this privacy statement]. Some translations are available.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/28|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W28&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:31, 8 July 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-29 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W29&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/29|Translations]] are available.

'''Tech News survey'''
* Please [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/758713?lang=en help us to improve Tech News by taking this short survey]. The goal is to better meet the needs of the various types of people who read Tech News. The survey will be open for 3 more days. The survey is covered by [https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Legal:Tech_News_Survey_2024_Privacy_Statement this privacy statement]. Some translations are available.

'''Recent changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Wikimedia developers can now officially continue to use both [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Gerrit|Gerrit]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]], due to a June 24 decision by the Wikimedia Foundation to support software development on both platforms. Gerrit and GitLab are both code repositories used by developers to write, review, and deploy the software code that supports the MediaWiki software that the wiki projects are built on, as well as the tools used by editors to create and improve content. This decision will safeguard the productivity of our developers and prevent problems in code review from affecting our users. More details are available in the [[mw:GitLab/Migration status|Migration status]] page.
* The Wikimedia Foundation seeks applicants for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Proposal|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] (PTAC). This group will bring technical contributors and Wikimedia Foundation together to co-define a more resilient, future-proof technological platform. Council members will evaluate and consult on the movement's product and technical activities, so that we develop multi-generational projects. We are looking for a range of technical contributors across the globe, from a variety of Wikimedia projects. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Proposal#Joining the PTAC as a technical volunteer|Please apply here by August 10]].
* Editors with rollback user-rights who use the Wikipedia App for Android can use the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Anti Vandalism|Edit Patrol]] features. These features include a new feed of Recent Changes, related links such as Undo and Rollback, and the ability to create and save a personal library of user talk messages to use while patrolling. If your wiki wants to make these features available to users who do not have rollback rights but have reached a certain edit threshold, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android#Contact us|you can contact the team]]. You can [[diffblog:2024/07/10/ِaddressing-vandalism-with-a-tap-the-journey-of-introducing-the-patrolling-feature-in-the-mobile-app/|read more about this project on Diff blog]].
* Editors who have access to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/The_Wikipedia_Library|The Wikipedia Library]] can once again use non-open access content in SpringerLinks, after the Foundation [[phab:T368865|contacted]] them to restore access. You can read more about [[m:Tech/News/Recently_resolved_community_tasks|this and 21 other community-submitted tasks that were completed last week]]. 

'''Changes later this week'''
* This week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-07 deployments|dark mode will be available on a number of Wikipedias]], both desktop and mobile, for logged-in and logged-out users. Interface admins and user script maintainers are encouraged to check gadgets and user scripts in the dark mode, to find any hard-coded colors and fix them. There are some [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Recommendations for night mode compatibility on Wikimedia wikis|recommendations for dark mode compatibility]] to help.

'''Future changes'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Next week, functionaries, volunteers maintaining tools, and software development teams are invited to test the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] feature on testwiki. Temporary accounts is a feature that will help improve privacy on the wikis. No further temporary account deployments are scheduled yet. Please [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|share your opinions and questions on the project talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T348895]
* Editors who upload files cross-wiki, or teach other people how to do so, may wish to join a Wikimedia Commons discussion. The Commons community is discussing limiting who can upload files through the cross-wiki upload/Upload dialog feature to users auto-confirmed on Wikimedia Commons. This is due to the large amount of copyright violations uploaded this way. There is a short summary at [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Cross-wiki upload|Commons:Cross-wiki upload]] and [[c:Commons:Village pump/Proposals#Deactivate cross-wiki uploads for new users|discussion at Commons:Village Pump]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/29|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' You can also get other news from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]].
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W29&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:31, 16 July 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-30 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W30&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/30|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature News'''
* Stewards can now [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_blocks|globally block]] accounts. Before [[phab:T17294|the change]] only IP addresses and IP ranges could be blocked globally. Global account blocks are useful when the blocked user should not be logged out. [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Global_locks|Global locks]] (a similar tool logging the user out of their account) are unaffected by this change. The new global account block feature is related to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] project, which is a new type of user account that replaces IP addresses of unregistered editors that are no longer made public.
* Later this week, Wikimedia site users will notice that the Interface of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs]] (also known as &quot;Pending Changes&quot;) is improved and consistent with the rest of the MediaWiki interface and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Wikimedia's design system]]. The FlaggedRevs interface experience on mobile and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Skin:MinervaNeue|Minerva skin]] was inconsistent before it was fixed and ported to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]] by the WMF Growth team and some volunteers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191156]
*  Wikimedia site users can now submit account vanishing requests via [[m:Special:GlobalVanishRequest|GlobalVanishRequest]]. This feature is used when a contributor wishes to stop editing forever. It helps you hide your past association and edit to protect your privacy. Once processed, the account will be locked and renamed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367329]
* Have you tried monitoring and addressing vandalism in Wikipedia using your phone? [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/10/%d9%90addressing-vandalism-with-a-tap-the-journey-of-introducing-the-patrolling-feature-in-the-mobile-app/ A Diff blog post on Patrolling features in the Mobile App] highlights some of the new capabilities of the feature, including swiping through a feed of recent changes and a personal library of user talk messages for use when patrolling from your phone. 
* Wikimedia contributors and GLAM (galleries, libraries, archives, and museums) organisations can now learn and measure the impact Wikimedia Commons is having towards creating quality encyclopedic content using the [https://doc.wikimedia.org/generated-data-platform/aqs/analytics-api/reference/commons.html Commons Impact Metrics] analytics dashboard. The dashboard offers organizations analytics on things like monthly edits in a category, the most viewed files, and which Wikimedia articles are using Commons images. As a result of these new data dumps, GLAM organisation can more reliably measure their return on investment for programs bringing content into the digital Commons. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/19/commons-impact-metrics-now-available-via-data-dumps-and-api/]

'''Project Updates'''
*  Come share your ideas for improving the wikis on the newly reopened [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|Community Wishlist]]. The Community Wishlist is Wikimedia’s forum for volunteers to share ideas (called wishes) to improve how the wikis work. The new version of the wishlist is always open, works with both wikitext and Visual Editor, and allows wishes in any language.

'''Learn more'''
* Have you ever wondered how Wikimedia software works across over 300 languages? This is 253 languages more than the Google Chrome interface, and it's no accident. The Language and Product Localization Team at the Wikimedia Foundation supports your work by adapting all the tools and interfaces in the MediaWiki software so that contributors in our movement who translate pages and strings can translate them and have the sites in all languages. Read more about the team and their upcoming work on [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/17/building-towards-a-robust-multilingual-knowledge-ecosystem-for-the-wikimedia-movement/ Diff]. 
* How can Wikimedia build innovative and experimental products while maintaining such heavily used websites? A recent [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/07/09/on-the-value-of-experimentation/ blog post] by WMF staff Johan Jönsson highlights the work of the [[m:Future Audiences#Objectives and Key Results|WMF Future Audience initiative]], where the goal is not to build polished products but test out new ideas, such as a [[m:Future_Audiences/Experiments: conversational/generative AI|ChatGPT plugin]] and [[m:Future_Audiences/Experiment:Add a Fact|Add a Fact]], to help take Wikimedia into the future. 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/30|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' You can also get other news from the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]].
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W30&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:04, 23 July 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-31 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W31&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/31|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* Editors using the Visual Editor in languages that use non-Latin characters for numbers, such as Hindi, Manipuri and Eastern Arabic, may notice some changes in the formatting of reference numbers. This is a side effect of preparing a new sub-referencing feature, and will also allow fixing some general numbering issues in Visual Editor. If you notice any related problems on your wiki, please share details at the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|project talkpage]].

'''Bugs status'''
* Some logged-in editors were briefly unable to edit or load pages last week. [[phab:T370304|These errors]] were mainly due to the addition of new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Linter|linter]] rules which led to caching problems. Fixes have been applied and investigations are continuing.
* Editors can use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/IP Info|IP Information tool]] to get information about IP addresses. This tool is available as a Beta Feature in your preferences. The tool was not available for a few days last week, but is now working again. Thank you to Shizhao for filing the bug report. You can read about that, and [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks#2024-07-25|28 other community-submitted tasks]] that were resolved last week.

'''Project updates'''
* There are new features and improvements to Phabricator from the Release Engineering and Collaboration Services teams, and some volunteers, including: the search systems, the new task creation system, the login systems, the translation setup which has resulted in support for more languages (thanks to Pppery), and fixes for many edge-case errors. You can [[phab:phame/post/view/316/iterative_improvements/|read details about these and other improvements in this summary]].
* There is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|update on the Charts project]]. The team has decided which visualization library to use, which chart types to start focusing on, and where to store chart definitions.
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikivoyage}} in [[d:Q9056|Czech]] ([[voy:cs:|&lt;code&gt;voy:cs:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370905] 

'''Learn more'''
* There is a [[diffblog:2024/07/26/the-journey-to-open-our-first-data-center-in-south-america/|new Wikimedia Foundation data center]] in São Paulo, Brazil which helps to reduce load times.
* There is new [[diffblog:2024/07/22/the-perplexing-process-of-uploading-images-to-wikipedia/|user research]] on problems with the process of uploading images.
* Commons Impact Metrics are [[diffblog:2024/07/19/commons-impact-metrics-now-available-via-data-dumps-and-api/|now available]] via data dumps and API.
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical Community Newsletter/2024/July|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/31|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W31&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:10, 29 July 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-32 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W32&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/32|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Two new parser functions will be available this week: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic_words#dir|#dir]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic_words#bcp47|#bcp47]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. These will reduce the need for &lt;code&gt;Template:Dir&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;Template:BCP47&lt;/code&gt; on Commons and allow us to [[phab:T343131|drop 100 million rows]] from the &quot;what links here&quot; database. Editors at any wiki that use these templates, can help by replacing the templates with these new functions. The templates at Commons will be updated during the Hackathon at Wikimania. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359761][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366623]
* Communities can request the activation of the visual editor on entire namespaces where discussions sometimes happen (for instance ''Wikipedia:'' or ''Wikisource:'' namespaces) if they understand the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/FAQ#WPNS|known limitations]]. For discussions, users can already use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] in these namespaces.
* The tracking category &quot;Pages using Timeline&quot; has been renamed to &quot;Pages using the EasyTimeline extension&quot; [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3ATimeline-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 in TranslateWiki]. Wikis that have created the category locally should rename their local creation to match.

'''Project updates'''
* Editors who help to organize WikiProjects and similar on-wiki collaborations, are invited to share ideas and examples of successful collaborations with the Campaigns and Programs teams. You can fill out [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/WikiProjects|a brief survey]] or share your thoughts [[m:Talk:Campaigns/WikiProjects|on the talkpage]]. The teams are particularly looking for details about successful collaborations on non-English wikis.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The new parser is being rolled out on {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikivoyage}} wikis over the next few months. The {{int:project-localized-name-enwikivoyage}} and {{int:project-localized-name-hewikivoyage}} were [[phab:T365367|switched]] to Parsoid last week. For more information, see [[mw:Parsoid/Parser_Unification|Parsoid/Parser Unification]].

'''Learn more'''
* There will be more than 200 sessions at Wikimania this week. Here is a summary of some of the [[diffblog:2024/08/05/interested-in-product-and-tech-here-are-some-wikimania-sessions-you-dont-want-to-miss/|key sessions related to the product and technology area]].
* The latest [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2024/07-02|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]] is available.
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2024/July|Language and Internationalization newsletter]] is available. It includes: New design previews for Translatable pages; Updates about MinT for Wiki Readers; the release of Translation dumps; and more.
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/31|Growth newsletter]] is available.
* The latest monthly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Reports/July 2024|MediaWiki Product Insights newsletter]] is available.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/32|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W32&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:43, 5 August 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-33 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W33&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/33|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] editors and maintainers can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter/Actions#Show a CAPTCHA|make a CAPTCHA show if a filter matches an edit]]. This allows communities to quickly respond to spamming by automated bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T20110]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards|Stewards]] can now specify if global blocks should prevent account creation. Before [[phab:T17273|this change]] by the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product|Trust and Safety Product]] Team, all global blocks would prevent account creation. This will allow stewards to reduce the unintended side-effects of global blocks on IP addresses.

'''Project updates'''
* [[wikitech:Help talk:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee#August_2024_committee_nominations|Nominations are open on Wikitech]] for new members to refresh the [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee|Toolforge standards committee]]. The committee oversees the Toolforge [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Right to fork policy|Right to fork policy]] and [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Abandoned tool policy|Abandoned tool policy]] among other duties. Nominations will remain open until at least 2024-08-26.
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q2880037|West Coast Bajau]] ([[w:bdr:|&lt;code&gt;w:bdr:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371757]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/33|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W33&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:21, 12 August 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-34 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W34&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/34|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* Editors who want to re-use references but with different details such as page numbers, will be able to do so by the end of 2024, using a new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Sub-referencing in a nutshell|sub-referencing]] feature. You can read more [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|about the project]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Test|how to test the prototype]].
* Editors using tracking categories to identify which pages use specific extensions may notice that six of the categories have been renamed to make them more easily understood and consistent. These categories are automatically added to pages that use specialized MediaWiki extensions. The affected names are for: [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Aintersection-category&amp;namespace=8 DynamicPageList], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Akartographer-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 Kartographer], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Aphonos-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 Phonos], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Arss-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 RSS], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Ascore-use-category&amp;namespace=8 Score], [https://translatewiki.net/wiki/Special:Translations?message=MediaWiki%3Awikihiero-usage-tracking-category&amp;namespace=8 WikiHiero]. Wikis that have created the category locally should rename their local creation to match. Thanks to Pppery for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T347324]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Technical volunteers who edit modules and want to get a list of the categories used on a page, can now do so using the &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;categories&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt; property of &lt;code&gt;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#Title objects|mw.title objects]]&lt;/bdi&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. This enables wikis to configure workflows such as category-specific edit notices. Thanks to SD001 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T50175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T85372]

'''Bugs status'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Your help is needed to check if any pages need to be moved or deleted. A maintenance script was run to clean up unreachable pages (due to Unicode issues or introduction of new namespaces/namespace aliases). The script tried to find appropriate names for the pages (e.g. by following the Unicode changes or by moving pages whose titles on Wikipedia start with &lt;code&gt;Talk:WP:&lt;/code&gt; so that their titles start with &lt;code&gt;Wikipedia talk:&lt;/code&gt;), but it may have failed for some pages, and moved them to &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[Special:PrefixIndex/T195546/]]&lt;/bdi&gt; instead. Your community should check if any pages are listed there, and move them to the correct titles, or delete them if they are no longer needed. A full log (including pages for which appropriate names could be found) is available in [[phab:P67388]].
* Editors who volunteer as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship|mentors]] to newcomers on their wiki are once again able to access lists of potential mentees who they can connect with to offer help and guidance. This functionality was restored thanks to [[phab:T372164|a bug fix]]. Thank you to Mbch331 for filing the bug report. You can read about that, and 18 other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Project updates'''
* The application deadline for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Proposal|Product &amp; Technology Advisory Council]] (PTAC) has been extended to September 16. Members will help by providing advice to Foundation Product and Technology leadership on short and long term plans, on complex strategic problems, and help to get feedback from more contributors and technical communities. Selected members should expect to spend roughly 5 hours per month for the Council, during the one year pilot. Please consider applying, and spread the word to volunteers you think would make a positive contribution to the committee.

'''Learn more'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award#2024 Winners|2024 Coolest Tool Awards]] were awarded at Wikimania, in seven categories. For example, one award went to the ISA Tool, used for adding structured data to files on Commons, which was recently improved during the [[m:Event:Wiki Mentor Africa ISA Hackathon 2024|Wiki Mentor Africa Hackathon]]. You can see video demonstrations of each tool at the awards page. Congratulations to this year's recipients, and thank you to all tool creators and maintainers.
* The latest [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin/2024/08-01|Wikimedia Foundation Bulletin]] is available, and includes some highlights from Wikimania, an upcoming Language community meeting, and other news from the movement.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/34|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W34&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:53, 20 August 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-35 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W35&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/35|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Administrators can now test the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] feature on test2wiki. This was done to allow cross-wiki testing of temporary accounts, for when temporary accounts switch between projects. The feature was enabled on testwiki a few weeks ago. No further temporary account deployments are scheduled yet. Temporary Accounts is a project to create a new type of user account that replaces IP addresses of unregistered editors which are no longer made public. Please [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|share your opinions and questions on the project talk page]].
* Later this week, editors at wikis that use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs]] (also known as &quot;Pending Changes&quot;) may notice that the indicators at the top of articles have changed. This change makes the system more consistent with the rest of the MediaWiki interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T191156]

'''Bugs status'''
* Editors who use the 2010 wikitext editor, and use the Character Insert buttons, will [[phab:T361465|no longer]] experience problems with the buttons adding content into the edit-summary instead of the edit-window. You can read more about that, and 26 other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Project updates'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Please review and vote on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas|Focus Areas]], which are groups of wishes that share a problem. Focus Areas were created for the newly reopened Community Wishlist, which is now open year-round for submissions. The first batch of focus areas are specific to moderator workflows, around welcoming newcomers, minimizing repetitive tasks, and prioritizing tasks. Once volunteers have reviewed and voted on focus areas, the Foundation will then review and select focus areas for prioritization.
* Do you have a project and are willing to provide a three (3) month mentorship for an intern? [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Outreachy|Outreachy]] is a twice a year program for people to participate in a paid internship that will start in December 2024 and end in early March 2025, and they need mentors and projects to work on. Projects can be focused on coding or non-coding (design, documentation, translation, research). See the Outreachy page for more details, and a list of past projects since 2013.

'''Learn more'''
* If you're curious about the product and technology improvements made by the Wikimedia Foundation last year, read [[diffblog:2024/08/21/wikimedia-foundation-product-technology-improving-the-user-experience/|this recent highlights summary on Diff]].
* To learn more about the technology behind the Wikimedia projects, you can now watch sessions from the technology track at Wikimania 2024 on Commons. This week, check out:
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Ohrid - Day 2 - Community Configuration - Shaping On-Wiki Functionality Together.webm|Community Configuration - Shaping On-Wiki Functionality Together]] (55 mins) - about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community Configuration|Community Configuration]] project.
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Belgrade - Day 1 - Future of MediaWiki. A sustainable platform to support a collaborative user base and billions of page views.webm|Future of MediaWiki. A sustainable platform to support a collaborative user base and billions of page views]] (30 mins) - an overview for both technical and non technical audiences, covering some of the challenges and open questions, related to the [[mw:MediaWiki Product Insights|platform evolution, stewardship and developer experiences]] research.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/35|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W35&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:33, 26 August 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-36 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W36&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/36|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Editors and volunteer developers interested in data visualisation can now test the new software for charts. Its early version is available on beta Commons and beta Wikipedia. This is an important milestone before making charts available on regular wikis. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|read more about this project update]] and help to test the charts.

'''Feature news'''
* Editors who use the [[{{#special:Unusedtemplates}}]] page can now filter out pages which are expected to be there permanently, such as sandboxes, test-cases, and templates that are always substituted. Editors can add the new magic word [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#EXPECTUNUSEDTEMPLATE|&lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;__EXPECTUNUSEDTEMPLATE__&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;]] to a template page to hide it from the listing. Thanks to Sophivorus and DannyS712 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T184633]
* Editors who use the New Topic tool on discussion pages, will [[phab:T334163|now be reminded]] to add a section header, which should help reduce the quantity of newcomers who add sections without a header. You can read more about that, and {{formatnum:28}} other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].
* Last week, some Toolforge tools had occasional connection problems. The cause is still being investigated, but the problems have been resolved for now. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373243]
* Translation administrators at multilingual wikis, when editing multiple translation units, can now easily mark which changes require updates to the translation. This is possible with the [[phab:T298852#10087288|new dropdown menu]].

'''Project updates'''
* A new draft text of a policy discussing the use of Wikimedia's APIs [[m:Special:MyLanguage/API Policy Update 2024|has been published on Meta-Wiki]]. The draft text does not reflect a change in policy around the APIs; instead, it is an attempt to codify existing API rules. Comments, questions, and suggestions are welcome on [[m:Talk:API Policy Update 2024|the proposed update’s talk page]] until September 13 or until those discussions have concluded.

'''Learn more'''
* To learn more about the technology behind the Wikimedia projects, you can now watch sessions from the technology track at Wikimania 2024 on Commons. This week, check out:
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Ohrid - Day 2 - Charts, the successor of Graphs - A secure and extensible tool for data visualization.webm|Charts, the successor of Graphs - A secure and extensible tool for data visualization]] (25 mins) – about the above-mentioned Charts project.
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Ohrid - Day 3 - State of Language Technology and Onboarding at Wikimedia.webm|State of Language Technology and Onboarding at Wikimedia]] (90 mins) – about some of the language tools that support Wikimedia sites, such as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|Content]]/[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation|Section Translation]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MinT|MinT]], and LanguageConverter; also the current state and future of languages onboarding. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368772]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/36|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W36&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:07, 3 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-37 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W37&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/37|Translations]] are available.

'''Feature news'''
* Starting this week, the standard [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|syntax highlighter]] will receive new colors that make them compatible in dark mode. This is the first of many changes to come as part of a major upgrade to syntax highlighting. You can learn more about what's to come on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|help page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365311][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059]
* Editors of wikis using Wikidata will now be notified of only relevant Wikidata changes in their watchlist. This is because the Lua functions &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;entity:getSitelink()&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mw.wikibase.getSitelink(qid)&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; will have their logic unified for tracking different aspects of sitelinks to reduce junk notifications from [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Projects/Watchlist Wikidata Sitelinks Tracking|inconsistent sitelinks tracking]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T295356]

'''Project updates'''
*  Users of all Wikis will have access to Wikimedia sites as read-only for a few minutes on September 25, starting at 15:00 UTC. This is a planned datacenter switchover for maintenance purposes. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370962]
* Contributors of [[phab:T363538#10123348|11 Wikipedias]], including English will have a new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MOS&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; namespace added to their Wikipedias. This improvement ensures that links beginning with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MOS:&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; (usually shortcuts to the [[w:en:Wikipedia:Manual of Style|Manual of Style]]) are not broken by [[w:en:Mooré|Mooré]] Wikipedia (language code &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mos&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363538]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/37|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W37&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:52, 9 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-38 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W38&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/38|Translations]] are available.

'''Improvements and Maintenance'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Editors interested in templates can help by reading the latest Wishlist focus area, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|Template recall and discovery]], and share your feedback on the talkpage. This input helps the Community Tech team to decide the right technical approach to build. Everyone is also encouraged to continue adding [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|new wishes]].
* The new automated [[{{#special:NamespaceInfo}}]] page helps editors understand which [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Namespaces|namespaces]] exist on each wiki, and some details about how they are configured. Thanks to DannyS712 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T263513]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Reference check|References Check]] is a feature that encourages editors to add a citation when they add a new paragraph to a Wikipedia article. For a short time, the corresponding tag &quot;Edit Check (references) activated&quot; was erroneously being applied to some edits outside of the main namespace. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373692]
* It is now possible for a wiki community to change the order in which a page’s categories are displayed on their wiki. By default, categories are displayed in the order they appear in the wikitext. Now, wikis with a consensus to do so can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|request]] a configuration change to display them in alphabetical order. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373480]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Tool authors can now access ToolsDB's [[wikitech:Portal:Data Services#ToolsDB|public databases]] from both [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Quarry|Quarry]] and [[wikitech:Superset|Superset]]. Those databases have always been accessible to every [[wikitech:Portal:Toolforge|Toolforge]] user, but they are now more broadly accessible, as Quarry can be accessed by anyone with a Wikimedia account. In addition, Quarry's internal database can now be [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Quarry#Querying Quarry's own database|queried from Quarry itself]]. This database contains information about all queries that are being run and starred by users in Quarry. This information was already public through the web interface, but you can now query it using SQL. You can read more about that, and {{formatnum:20}} other community-submitted tasks that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].
* Any pages or tools that still use the very old CSS classes &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mw-message-box&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; need to be updated. These old classes will be removed next week or soon afterwards. Editors can use a [https://global-search.toolforge.org/?q=mw-message-box&amp;regex=1&amp;namespaces=&amp;title= global-search] to determine what needs to be changed. It is possible to use the newer &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;cdx-message&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; group of classes as a replacement (see [https://doc.wikimedia.org/codex/latest/components/demos/message.html#css-only-version the relevant Codex documentation], and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tech/Header&amp;diff=prev&amp;oldid=27449042 an example update]), but using locally defined onwiki classes would be best. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374499]

'''Technical project updates'''
* Next week, all Wikimedia wikis will be read-only for a few minutes. This will start on September 25 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1727276400 15:00 UTC]. This is a planned datacenter switchover for maintenance purposes. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|This maintenance process also targets other services.]] The previous switchover took 3 minutes, and the Site Reliability Engineering teams use many tools to make sure that this essential maintenance work happens as quickly as possible. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370962]

'''Tech in depth'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The latest monthly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Reports/August 2024|MediaWiki Product Insights newsletter]] is available. This edition includes details about: research about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Hooks|hook]] handlers to help simplify development, research about performance improvements, work to improve the REST API for end-users, and more.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] To learn more about the technology behind the Wikimedia projects, you can now watch sessions from the technology track at Wikimania 2024 on Commons. This week, check out: 
** [[c:File:Wikimania 2024 - Auditorium Kyiv - Day 4 - Hackathon Showcase.webm|Hackathon Showcase]] (45 mins) - 19 short presentations by some of the Hackathon participants, describing some of the projects they worked on, such as automated testing of maintenance scripts, a video-cutting command line tool, and interface improvements for various tools. There are [[phab:T369234|more details and links available]] in the Phabricator task.
** [[c:File:Co-Creating a Sustainable Future for the Toolforge Ecosystem.webm|Co-Creating a Sustainable Future for the Toolforge Ecosystem]] (40 mins) - a roundtable discussion for tool-maintainers, users, and supporters of Toolforge about how to make the platform sustainable and how to evaluate the tools available there.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/38|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W38&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:02, 17 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-39 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W39&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/39|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* All wikis will be [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday September 25 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1727276400 15:00 UTC]. Reading the wikis will not be interrupted, but editing will be paused. These twice-yearly processes allow WMF's site reliability engineering teams to remain prepared to keep the wikis functioning even in the event of a major interruption to one of our data centers.

'''Updates for editors'''
[[File:Add alt text from a halfsheet, with the article behind.png|thumb|A screenshot of the interface for the Alt Text suggested-edit feature]]
* Editors who use the iOS Wikipedia app in Spanish, Portuguese, French, or Chinese, may see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits project/Alt Text Experiment|Alt Text suggested-edit experiment]] after editing an article, or completing a suggested edit using &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits project#Hypothesis 2 Add an Image Suggested Edit|Add an image]]&quot;. Alt-text helps people with visual impairments to read Wikipedia articles. The team aims to learn if adding alt-text to images is a task that editors can be successful with. Please share any feedback on [[mw:Talk:Wikimedia Apps/iOS Suggested edits project/Alt Text Experiment|the discussion page]].
* The Codex color palette has been updated with new and revised colors for the MediaWiki user interfaces. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Design System Team/Color/Design documentation#Updates|most noticeable changes]] for editors include updates for: dark mode colors for Links and for quiet Buttons (progressive and destructive), visited Link colors for both light and dark modes, and background colors for system-messages in both light and dark modes.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] It is now possible to include clickable wikilinks and external links inside code blocks. This includes links that are used within &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags and on code pages (JavaScript, CSS, Scribunto and Sanitized CSS). Uses of template syntax &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{…}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; are also linked to the template page. Thanks to SD0001 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368166]
* Two bugs were fixed in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Account vanishing|GlobalVanishRequest]] system by improving the logging and by removing an incorrect placeholder message. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370595][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T372223]
* View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] From [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]]: 
** The API now enables 5,000 on-demand API requests per month and twice-monthly HTML snapshots freely (gratis and libre). More information on the updates and also improvements to the software development kits (SDK) are explained on [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/enhanced-free-api/ the project's blog post]. While Wikimedia Enterprise APIs are designed for high-volume commercial reusers, this change enables many more community use-cases to be built on the service too.
** The Snapshot API (html dumps) have added beta Structured Contents endpoints ([https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/structured-contents-snapshot-api/ blog post on that]) as well as released two beta datasets (English and French Wikipedia) from that endpoint to Hugging Face for public use and feedback ([https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/hugging-face-dataset/ blog post on that]). These pre-parsed data sets enable new options for researchers, developers, and data scientists to use and study the content.

'''In depth'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The Wikidata Query Service (WDQS) is used to get answers to questions using the Wikidata data set. As Wikidata grows, we had to make a major architectural change so that WDQS could remain performant. As part of the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS graph split|WDQS Graph Split project]], we have new SPARQL endpoints available for serving the &quot;[https://query-scholarly.wikidata.org scholarly]&quot; and &quot;[https://query-main.wikidata.org main]&quot; subgraphs of Wikidata. The [http://query.wikidata.org query.wikidata.org endpoint] will continue to serve the full Wikidata graph until March 2025. After this date, it will only serve the main graph. For more information, please see [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/September 2024 scaling update|the announcement on Wikidata]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/39|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W39&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:36, 23 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-40 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W40&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/40|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Readers of [[phab:T375401|42 more wikis]] can now use Dark Mode. If the option is not yet available for logged-out users of your wiki, this is likely because many templates do not yet display well in Dark Mode. Please use the [https://night-mode-checker.wmcloud.org/ night-mode-checker tool] if you are interested in helping to reduce the number of issues. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Recommendations for night mode compatibility on Wikimedia wikis|recommendations page]] provides guidance on this. Dark Mode is enabled on additional wikis once per month.
* Editors using the 2010 wikitext editor as their default can access features from the 2017 wikitext editor by adding &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;?veaction=editsource&lt;/code&gt; to the URL. If you would like to enable the 2017 wikitext editor as your default, it can be set in [[Special:Preferences#mw-input-wpvisualeditor-newwikitext|your preferences]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T239796]
* For logged-out readers using the Vector 2022 skin, the &quot;donate&quot; link has been moved from a collapsible menu next to the content area into a more prominent top menu, next to &quot;Create an account&quot;. This restores the link to the level of prominence it had in the Vector 2010 skin. [[mw:Readers/2024 Reader and Donor Experiences#Donor Experiences (Key Result WE 3.2 and the related hypotheses)|Learn more]] about the changes related to donor experiences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373585]
* The CampaignEvents extension provides tools for organizers to more easily manage events, communicate with participants, and promote their events on the wikis. The extension has been [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|enabled]] on Arabic Wikipedia, Igbo Wikipedia, Swahili Wikipedia, and Meta-Wiki. [[w:zh:Wikipedia:互助客栈/其他#引進CampaignEvents擴充功能|Chinese Wikipedia has decided]] to enable the extension, and discussions on the extension are in progress [[w:es:Wikipedia:Votaciones/2024/Sobre la política de Organizadores de Eventos|on Spanish Wikipedia]] and [[d:Wikidata:Project chat#Enabling the CampaignEvents Extention on Wikidata|on Wikidata]]. To learn how to enable the extension on your wiki, you can visit [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents|the CampaignEvents page on Meta-Wiki]].
* View all {{formatnum:22}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:22|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Developers with an account on Wikitech-wiki should [[wikitech:Wikitech/SUL-migration|check if any action is required]] for their accounts. The wiki is being changed to use the single-user-login (SUL) system, and other configuration changes. This change will help reduce the overall complexity for the weekly software updates across all our wikis.

'''In depth'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|server switch]] was completed successfully last week with a read-only time of [[wikitech:Switch Datacenter#Past Switches|only 2 minutes 46 seconds]]. This periodic process makes sure that engineers can switch data centers and keep all of the wikis available for readers, even if there are major technical issues. It also gives engineers a chance to do maintenance and upgrades on systems that normally run 24 hours a day, and often helps to reveal weaknesses in the infrastructure. The process involves dozens of software services and hundreds of hardware servers, and requires multiple teams working together. Work over the past few years has reduced the time from 17 minutes down to 2–3 minutes. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/66ZW7B2MG63AESQVTXDIFQBDBS766JGW/]

'''Meetings and events'''
* October 4–6: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiIndaba conference 2024|WikiIndaba Conference's Hackathon]] in Johannesburg, South Africa
* November 4–6: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024]] in Vienna, Austria

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/40|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W40&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:20, 30 September 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-41 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W41&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/41|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Communities can now request installation of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Automoderator|Automoderator]] on their wiki. Automoderator is an automated anti-vandalism tool that reverts bad edits based on scores from the new &quot;Revert Risk&quot; machine learning model. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AutoModerator/Deploying|read details about the necessary steps]] for installation and configuration. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T336934]

'''Updates for editors'''
* Translators in wikis where [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation#Try the tool|the mobile experience of Content Translation is available]], can now customize their articles suggestion list from 41 filtering options when using the tool. This topic-based article suggestion feature makes it easy for translators to self-discover relevant articles based on their area of interest and translate them. You can [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;active-list=suggestions try it with your mobile device]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368422]
* View all {{formatnum:12}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:12|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* It is now possible for &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;syntaxhighlight&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; code blocks to offer readers a &quot;Copy&quot; button if the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;copy=1&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; attribute is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SyntaxHighlight#copy|set on the tag]]. Thanks to SD0001 for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T40932]
* Customized copyright footer messages on all wikis will be updated. The new versions will use wikitext markup instead of requiring editing raw HTML. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375789]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Later this month, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] will be rolled out on several pilot wikis. The final list of the wikis will be published in the second half of the month. If you maintain any tools, bots, or gadgets on [[phab:T376499|these 11 wikis]], and your software is using data about IP addresses or is available for logged-out users, please check if it needs to be updated to work with temporary accounts. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|Guidance on how to update the code is available]].
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Rate limiting has been enabled for the code review tools [[Wikitech:Gerrit|Gerrit]] and [[Wikitech:GitLab|GitLab]] to address ongoing issues caused by malicious traffic and scraping. Clients that open too many concurrent connections will be restricted for a few minutes. This rate limiting is managed through [[Wikitech:nftables|nftables]] firewall rules. For more details, see Wikitech's pages on [[Wikitech:Firewall#Throttling with nftables|Firewall]], [[Wikitech:GitLab/Abuse and rate limiting|GitLab limits]] and [[Wikitech:Gerrit/Operations#Throttling IPs|Gerrit operations]].
* Five new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q49224|Komering]] ([[w:kge:|&lt;code&gt;w:kge:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374813]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q36096|Mooré]] ([[m:mos:|&lt;code&gt;m:mos:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374641]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary}} in [[d:Q36213|Madurese]] ([[wikt:mad:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:mad:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374968]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikiquote}} in [[d:Q2501174|Gorontalo]] ([[q:gor:|&lt;code&gt;q:gor:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375088]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikinews}} in [[d:Q56482|Shan]] ([[n:shn:|&lt;code&gt;n:shn:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375430]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/41|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W41&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:42, 7 October 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-42 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W42&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/42|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Structured Discussion extension (also known as Flow) is starting to be removed. This extension is unmaintained and causes issues. It will be replaced by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]], which is used on any regular talk page. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Discussions/Deprecation#Deprecation timeline|A first set of wikis]] are being contacted. These wikis are invited to stop using Flow, and to move all Flow boards to sub-pages, as archives. At these wikis, a script will move all Flow pages that aren't a sub-page to a sub-page automatically, starting on 22 October 2024. On 28 October 2024, all Flow boards at these wikis will be set in read-only mode. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370722]
* WMF's Search Platform team is working on making it easier for readers to perform text searches in their language. A [[phab:T332342|change last week]] on over 30 languages makes it easier to find words with accents and other diacritics. This applies to both full-text search and to types of advanced search such as the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;''hastemplate''&lt;/bdi&gt; and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;''incategory''&lt;/bdi&gt; keywords. More technical details (including a few other minor search upgrades) are available. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/User:TJones_%28WMF%29/Notes/Language_Analyzer_Harmonization_Notes#ASCII-folding/ICU-folding_%28T332342%29]
* View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|EditCheck]] was installed at Russian Wikipedia, and fixes were made for some missing user interface styles.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Editors who use the Toolforge tool [[toolforge:copyvios|Earwig's Copyright Violation Detector]] will now be required to log in with their Wikimedia account before running checks using the &quot;search engine&quot; option. This change is needed to help prevent external bots from misusing the system. Thanks to Chlod for these improvements. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_talk:New_pages_patrol/Reviewers#Authentication_is_now_required_for_search_engine_checks_on_Earwig's_Copyvio_Tool]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator|Phabricator]] users can create tickets and add comments on existing tickets via Email again. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Phabricator/Help#Using email|Sending email to Phabricator]] has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T356077]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Some HTML elements in the interface are now wrapped with a &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;bdi&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; element, to make our HTML output more aligned with Web standards. More changes like this will be coming in future weeks. This change might break some tools that rely on the previous HTML structure of the interface. Note that relying on the HTML structure of the interface is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Stable interface policy/Frontend#What is not stable?|not recommended]] and might break at any time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375975]

'''In depth'''
* The latest monthly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Reports/September 2024|MediaWiki Product Insights newsletter]] is available. This edition includes: updates on Wikimedia's authentication system, research to simplify feature development in the MediaWiki platform, updates on Parser Unification and MathML rollout, and more.
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical Community Newsletter/2024/October|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available. This edition include: research about improving topic suggestions related to countries, improvements to PHPUnit tests, and more.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/42|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W42&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:21, 14 October 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-43 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W43&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/43|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Mobile Apps team has released an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Navigation Refresh#Phase 1: Creating a user Profile Menu (T373714)|update]] to the iOS app's navigation, and it is now available in the latest App store version. The team added a new Profile menu that allows for easy access to editor features like Notifications and Watchlist from the Article view, and brings the &quot;Donate&quot; button into a more accessible place for users who are reading an article. This is the first phase of a larger planned [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Navigation Refresh|navigation refresh]] to help the iOS app transition from a primarily reader-focused app, to an app that fully supports reading and editing. The Wikimedia Foundation has added more editing features and support for on-wiki communication based on volunteer requests in recent years.
[[File:IOS App Navigation refresh first phase 05.png|thumb|iOS Wikipedia App's profile menu and contents]]

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikipedia readers can now download a browser extension to experiment with some early ideas on potential features that recommend articles for further reading, automatically summarize articles, and improve search functionality. For more details and to stay updated, check out the Web team's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments|Content Discovery Experiments page]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Newsletter:Web team's projects|subscribe to their newsletter]].
* Later this month, logged-out editors of [[phab:T376499|these 12 wikis]] will start to have [[mw:Special:Mylanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] created. The list may slightly change - some wikis may be removed but none will be added. Temporary account is a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/User account types|type of user account]]. It enhances the logged-out editors' privacy and makes it easier for community members to communicate with them. If you maintain any tools, bots, or gadgets on these 12 wikis, and your software is using data about IP addresses or is available for logged-out users, please check if it needs to be updated to work with temporary accounts. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|Guidance on how to update the code is available]]. Read more about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|deployment plan across all wikis]].
* View all {{formatnum:33}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:33|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the [[w:nr:Main Page|South Ndebele]], [[w:rsk:Главни бок|Pannonian Rusyn]], [[w:ann:Uwu|Obolo]], [[w:iba:Lambar Keterubah|Iban]] and [[w:tdd:ᥞᥨᥝᥴ ᥘᥣᥲ ᥖᥥᥰ|Tai Nüa]] Wikipedia languages were created last week. [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36785][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35660][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36614][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33424][https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36556]
* It is now possible to create functions on Wikifunctions using Wikidata lexemes, through the new [[f:Z6005|Wikidata lexeme type]] launched last week. When you go to one of these functions, the user interface provides a lexeme selector that helps you pick a lexeme from Wikidata that matches the word you type. After hitting run, your selected lexeme is retrieved from Wikidata, transformed into a Wikidata lexeme type, and passed into the selected function. Read more about this in [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2024-10-17#Function of the Week: select representation from lexeme|the latest Wikifunctions newsletter]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Users of the Wikimedia sites can now format dates more easily in different languages with the new &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;{{[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##timef|#timef]]:…}}&lt;/code&gt; parser function. For example, &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#timef:now|date|en}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; will show as &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;{{#timef:now|date|en}}&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot;. Previously, &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#time:…}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; could be used to format dates, but this required knowledge of the order of the time and date components and their intervening punctuation. &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#timef&lt;/code&gt; (or &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#timefl&lt;/code&gt; for local time) provides access to the standard date formats that MediaWiki uses in its user interface. This may help to simplify some templates on multi-lingual wikis like Commons and Meta. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T223772][https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##timef]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Commons and Meta users can now efficiently [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#Localization|retrieve the user's language]] using &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{USERLANGUAGE}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; instead of using &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{int:lang}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T4085]
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Tech Advisory Council]] (PTAC) now has its pilot members with representation across Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and South America. They will work to address the [[Special:MyLanguage/Movement Strategy/Initiatives/Technology Council|Movement Strategy's Technology Council]] initiative of having a co-defined and more resilient technological platform. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Movement_Strategy/Initiatives/Technology_Council]

'''In depth'''
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/32|Growth newsletter]] is available. It includes: an upcoming Newcomer Homepage Community Updates module, new Community Configuration options, and details on new projects.
* The Wikimedia Foundation is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Security Team#CNA Partnership|now an official partner of the CVE program]], which is an international effort to catalog publicly disclosed cybersecurity vulnerabilities. This partnership will allow the Security Team to instantly publish [[w:en:Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures|common vulnerabilities and exposures]] (CVE) records that are affecting MediaWiki core, extensions, and skins, along with any other code the Foundation is a steward of.
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|Community Wishlist]] is now [[m:Community Wishlist/Updates#October 16, 2024: Conversations Made Easier: Machine-Translated Wishes Are Here!|testing machine translations]] for Wishlist content. Volunteers can now read machine-translated versions of wishes and dive into discussions even before translators arrive to translate content.

'''Meetings and events'''
* 24 October - Wiki Education Speaker Series Webinar - [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/N4XTB4G55BUY3M3PNGUAKQWJ7A4UOPAK/ Open Source Tech: Building the Wiki Education Dashboard], featuring Wikimedia interns and a Web developer in the panel.
* 20–22 December 2024 - [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Indic Wikimedia Hackathon Bhubaneswar 2024|Indic Wikimedia Hackathon Bhubaneswar 2024]] in Odisha, India. A hackathon for community members, including developers, designers and content editors, to build technical solutions that improve contributors' experiences.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/43|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W43&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:52, 21 October 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-44 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W44&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/44|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Later in November, the Charts extension will be deployed to the test wikis in order to help identify and fix any issue. A security review is underway to then enable deployment to pilot wikis for broader testing. You can read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates#October 2024: Working towards production deployment|the October project update]] and see the [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Charts latest documentation and examples on Beta Wikipedia].
* View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, [[w:en:PediaPress|Pediapress.com]], an external service that creates books from Wikipedia, can now use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Maps|Wikimedia Maps]] to include existing pre-rendered infobox map images in their printed books on Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375761]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Wikis can use [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GuidedTour|the Guided Tour extension]] to help newcomers understand how to edit. The Guided Tours extension now works with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Dark mode|dark mode]]. Guided Tour maintainers can check their tours to see that nothing looks odd. They can also set &lt;code&gt;emitTransitionOnStep&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; to fix an old bug. They can use the new flag &lt;code&gt;allowAutomaticBack&lt;/code&gt; to avoid back-buttons they don't want. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T73927#10241528]
*  Administrators in the Wikimedia projects who use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Nuke|Nuke Extension]] will notice that mass deletions done with this tool have the &quot;Nuke&quot; tag. This change will make reviewing and analyzing deletions performed with the tool easier. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366068]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/44|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W44&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:56, 28 October 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-45 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W45&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/45|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Stewards can now make [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global blocks|global account blocks]] cause global [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Autoblock|autoblocks]]. This will assist stewards in preventing abuse from users who have been globally blocked. This includes preventing globally blocked temporary accounts from exiting their session or switching browsers to make subsequent edits for 24 hours. Previously, temporary accounts could exit their current session or switch browsers to continue editing. This is an anti-abuse tool improvement for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] project. You can read more about the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|progress on key features for temporary accounts]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368949]
* Wikis that have the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|CampaignEvents extension enabled]] can now use the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Event list#October 29, 2024: Collaboration List launched|Collaboration List]] feature. This list provides a new, easy way for contributors to learn about WikiProjects on their wikis. Thanks to the Campaign team for this work that is part of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2024-2025/Product %26 Technology OKRs#WE KRs|the 2024/25 annual plan]]. If you are interested in bringing the CampaignEvents extension to your wiki, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#How to Request the CampaignEvents Extension for your wiki|follow these steps]] or you can reach out to User:Udehb-WMF for help.
* The text color for red links will be slightly changed later this week to improve their contrast in light mode. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370446]
* View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, on multilingual wikis, users [[phab:T216368|can now]] hide translations from the WhatLinksHere special page.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* XML [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Data dumps|data dumps]] have been temporarily paused whilst a bug is investigated. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/xmldatadumps-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/BXWJDPO5QI2QMBCY7HO36ELDCRO6HRM4/]

'''In depth'''
* Temporary Accounts have been deployed to six wikis; thanks to the Trust and Safety Product team for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|this work]], you can read about [[phab:T340001|the deployment plans]]. Beginning next week, Temporary Accounts will also be enabled on [[phab:T378336|seven other projects]]. If you are active on these wikis and need help migrating your tools, please reach out to [[m:User:Udehb-WMF|User:Udehb-WMF]] for assistance.
*  The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2024/October|Language and Internationalization newsletter]] is available.  It includes: New languages supported in translatewiki or in MediaWiki; New keyboard input methods for some languages; details about recent and upcoming meetings, and more.

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2024]] is happening in Vienna, Austria and online from 4 to 6 November 2024. The conference will feature discussions around the usage of MediaWiki software by and within companies in different industries and will inspire and onboard new users.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/45|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W45&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:50, 4 November 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-46 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W46&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/46|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* On wikis with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Translate|Translate extension]] enabled, users will notice that the FuzzyBot will now automatically create translated versions of categories used on translated pages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285463]
* View all {{formatnum:29}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:29|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the submitted task to use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:SecurePoll|SecurePoll extension]] for English Wikipedia's special [[w:en:Wikipedia:Administrator elections|administrator election]] was resolved on time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371454] 

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] In &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mw:MediaWiki_1.44/wmf.2|1.44.0-wmf-2]]&lt;/code&gt;, the logic of Wikibase function &lt;code&gt;getAllStatements&lt;/code&gt; changed to behave like &lt;code&gt;getBestStatements&lt;/code&gt;. Invoking the function now returns a copy of values which are immutable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T270851]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/ Wikimedia REST API] users, such as bot operators and tool maintainers, may be affected by ongoing upgrades. The API will be rerouting some page content endpoints from RESTbase to the newer [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API|MediaWiki REST API]] endpoints. The [[phab:T374683|impacted endpoints]] include getting page/revision metadata and rendered HTML content. These changes will be available on testwiki later this week, with other projects to follow. This change should not affect existing functionality, but active users of the impacted endpoints should verify behavior on testwiki, and raise any concerns on the related [[phab:T374683|Phabricator ticket]].

'''In depth'''
* Admins and users of the Wikimedia projects [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator_Tools/Automoderator#Usage|where Automoderator is enabled]] can now monitor and evaluate important metrics related to Automoderator's actions. [https://superset.wmcloud.org/superset/dashboard/unified-automoderator-activity-dashboard/ This Superset dashboard] calculates and aggregates metrics about Automoderator's behaviour on the projects in which it is deployed. Thanks to the Moderator Tools team for this Dashboard; you can visit [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Automoderator/Unified Activity Dashboard|the documentation page]] for more information about this work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T369488]

'''Meetings and events'''
* 21 November 2024 ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 8:00 UTC|8:00 UTC]] &amp; [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 16:00 UTC|16:00 UTC]]) - [[c:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Commons community calls|Community call]] with Wikimedia Commons volunteers and stakeholders to help prioritize support efforts for 2025-2026 Fiscal Year. The theme of this call is how content should be organised on Wikimedia Commons.
'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/46|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W46&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:07, 12 November 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-47 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W47&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/47|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users of Wikimedia sites will now be warned when they create a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Redirects|redirect]] to a page that doesn't exist. This will reduce the number of broken redirects to red links in our projects. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326057]
* View all {{formatnum:42}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:42|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Pywikibot/Overview|Pywikibot]], which automates work on MediaWiki sites, was upgraded to 9.5.0 on Toolforge. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378676]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* On wikis that use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs extension]], pages created or moved by users with the appropriate permissions are marked as flagged automatically. This feature has not been working recently, and changes fixing it should be deployed this week. Thanks to Daniel and Wargo for working on this. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379218][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368380]

'''In depth'''
* There is a new [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2024/11/05/say-hi-to-temporary-accounts-easier-collaboration-with-logged-out-editors-with-better-privacy-protection Diff post] about Temporary Accounts, available in more than 15 languages. Read it to learn about what Temporary Accounts are, their impact on different groups of users, and the plan to introduce the change on all wikis.

'''Meetings and events'''
* Technical volunteers can now register for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2025|2025 Wikimedia Hackathon]], which will take place in Istanbul, Turkey. [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/hackathon2025/ Application for travel and accommodation scholarships] is open from '''November 12 to December 10 2024'''. The registration for the event will close in mid-April 2025. The Wikimedia Hackathon is an annual gathering that unites the global technical community to collaborate on existing projects and explore new ideas.
* Join the [[C:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:WMF%20support%20for%20Commons/Commons%20community%20calls|Wikimedia Commons community calls]] this week to help prioritize support for Commons which will be planned for 2025–2026. The theme will be how content should be organised on Wikimedia Commons. This is an opportunity for volunteers who work on different things to come together and talk about what matters for the future of the project. The calls will take place '''November 21, 2024, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 8:00 UTC|8:00 UTC]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 21 November 2024 16:00 UTC|16:00 UTC]]'''.
* A [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community meetings#29 November 2024|Language community meeting]] will take place '''November 29, 16:00 UTC''' to discuss updates and technical problem-solving.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/47|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W47&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:00, 19 November 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27806858 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-48 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W48&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/48|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new version of the standard wikitext editor-mode [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|syntax highlighter]] will be available as a [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] later this week. This brings many new features and bug fixes, including right-to-left support, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Template folding|template folding]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Autocompletion|autocompletion]], and an improved search panel. You can learn more on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|help page]].
* The 2010 wikitext editor now supports common keyboard shortcuts such &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ctrl&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;B&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; for bold and &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ctrl&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;I&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; for italics. A full [[mw:Help:Extension:WikiEditor#Keyboard shortcuts|list of all six shortcuts]] is available. Thanks to SD0001 for this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T62928]
* Starting November 28, Flow/Structured Discussions pages will be automatically archived and set to read-only at the following wikis: &lt;bdi&gt;bswiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;elwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;euwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;fawiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;fiwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwikiquote&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwikisource&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwikiversity&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwikivoyage&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;idwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;lvwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;plwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;ptwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;urwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;viwikisource&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;zhwikisource&lt;/bdi&gt;. This is done as part of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|StructuredDiscussions deprecation work]]. If you need any assistance to archive your page in advance, please contact [[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. 
* View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a user creating a new AbuseFilter can now only set the filter to &quot;protected&quot; [[phab:T377765|if it includes a protected variable]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]], which can be used in JavaScript, CSS, JSON, and Lua pages, [[phab:T377663|now offers]] live autocompletion. Thanks to SD0001 for this improvement. The feature can be temporarily disabled on a page by pressing &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;Ctrl&lt;/code&gt;+&lt;code&gt;,&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; and un-selecting &quot;&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Live Autocompletion&lt;/bdi&gt;&quot;.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Tool-maintainers who use the Graphite system for tracking metrics, need to migrate to the newer Prometheus system. They can check [https://grafana.wikimedia.org/d/K6DEOo5Ik/grafana-graphite-datasource-utilization?orgId=1 this dashboard] and the list in the Description of the [[phab:T350592|task T350592]] to see if their tools are listed, and they should claim metrics and dashboards connected to their tools. They can then disable or migrate all existing metrics by following the instructions in the task. The Graphite service will become read-only in April. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/KLUV4IOLRYXPQFWD6WKKJUHMWE77BMSZ/]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/NewPP parser report|New PreProcessor parser performance report]] has been fixed to give an accurate count for the number of Wikibase entities accessed. It had previously been resetting after 400 entities. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T279069]

'''Meetings and events'''
* A [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community meetings#29 November 2024|Language community meeting]] will take place November 29 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1732896000 16:00 UTC]. There will be presentations on topics like developing language keyboards, the creation of the Mooré Wikipedia, the language support track at [[m:Wiki Indaba|Wiki Indaba]], and a report from the Wayuunaiki community on their experiences with the Incubator and as a new community over the last 3 years. This meeting will be in English and will also have Spanish interpretation.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/48|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W48&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:42, 25 November 2024 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=27847039 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2024-49 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W49&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/49|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Two new parser functions were added this week. The &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#interwikilink|#interwikilink]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; function adds an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Links#Interwiki links|interwiki link]] and the &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{&lt;/nowiki&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#interlanguagelink|#interlanguagelink]]&lt;nowiki&gt;}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; function adds an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Links#Interlanguage links|interlanguage link]]. These parser functions are useful on wikis where namespaces conflict with interwiki prefixes. For example, links beginning with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;MOS:&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; on English Wikipedia [[phab:T363538|conflict with the &lt;code&gt;mos&lt;/code&gt; language code prefix of Mooré Wikipedia]].
* Starting this week, Wikimedia wikis no longer support connections using old RSA-based HTTPS certificates, specifically rsa-2048. This change is to improve security for all users. Some older, unsupported browser or smartphone devices will be unable to connect; Instead, they will display a connectivity error. See the [[wikitech:HTTPS/Browser_Recommendations|HTTPS Browser Recommendations page]] for more-detailed information. All modern operating systems and browsers are always able to reach Wikimedia projects. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/CTYEHVNSXUD3NFAAMG3BLZVTVQWJXJAH/]
* Starting December 16, Flow/Structured Discussions pages will be automatically archived and set to read-only at the following wikis: &lt;bdi&gt;arwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;cawiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;frwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;mediawikiwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;orwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;wawiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;wawiktionary&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;wikidatawiki&lt;/bdi&gt;{{int:comma-separator/en}}&lt;bdi&gt;zhwiki&lt;/bdi&gt;. This is done as part of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured_Discussions/Deprecation|StructuredDiscussions deprecation work]]. If you need any assistance to archive your page in advance, please contact [[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380910]
* This month the Chart extension was deployed to production and is now available on Commons and Testwiki. With the security review complete, pilot wiki deployment is expected to start in the first week of December. You can see a working version [[testwiki:Charts|on Testwiki]] and read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|the November project update]] for more details.
* View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug with the &quot;Download as PDF&quot; system was fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T376438]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* In late February, temporary accounts will be rolled out on at least 10 large wikis. This deployment will have a significant effect on the community-maintained code. This is about Toolforge tools, bots, gadgets, and user scripts that use IP address data or that are available for logged-out users. The Trust and Safety Product team wants to identify this code, monitor it, and assist in updating it ahead of the deployment to minimize disruption to workflows. The team asks technical editors and volunteer developers to help identify such tools by adding them to [[mw:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers/Impacted tools|this list]]. In addition, review the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/For developers|updated documentation]] to learn how to adjust the tools. Join the discussions on the [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|project talk page]] or in the [[discord:channels/221049808784326656/1227616742340034722|dedicated thread]] on the [[w:Wikipedia:Discord|Wikimedia Community Discord server (in English)]] for support and to share feedback. 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/49|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W49&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:22, 2 December 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-50 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W50&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/50|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Technical documentation contributors can find updated resources, and new ways to connect with each other and the Wikimedia Technical Documentation Team, at the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Documentation|Documentation hub]] on MediaWiki.org. This page links to: resources for writing and improving documentation, a new &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#wikimedia-techdocs&lt;/bdi&gt; IRC channel on libera.chat, a listing of past and upcoming documentation events, and ways to request a documentation consultation or review. If you have any feedback or ideas for improvements to the documentation ecosystem, please [[mw:Wikimedia Technical Documentation Team#Contact us|contact the Technical Documentation Team]].

'''Updates for editors'''
[[File:Edit Check on Desktop.png|thumb|Layout change for the Edit Check feature]]
* Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit Check]] will be relocated to a sidebar on desktop. Edit check is the feature for new editors to help them follow policies and guidelines. This layout change creates space to present people with [[mw:Edit check#1 November 2024|new Checks]] that appear ''while'' they are typing. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check#Reference Check A/B Test|initial results]] show newcomers encountering Edit Check are 2.2 times more likely to publish a new content edit that includes a reference and is not reverted.
* The Chart extension, which enables editors to create data visualizations, was successfully made available on MediaWiki.org and three pilot wikis (Italian, Swedish, and Hebrew Wikipedias). You can see a working examples [[testwiki:Charts|on Testwiki]] and read [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|the November project update]] for more details.
* Translators in wikis where the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation/Section translation#Try the tool|mobile experience of Content Translation is available]], can now discover articles in Wikiproject campaigns of their interest from the &quot;[https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;campaign=specialcx&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=collections&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=es&amp;to=en All collection]&quot; category in the articles suggestion feature. Wikiproject Campaign organizers can use this feature, to help translators to discover articles of interest, by adding the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;page-collection&gt; &lt;/page-collection&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; tag to their campaign article list page on Meta-wiki. This will make those articles discoverable in the Content Translation tool. For more detailed information on how to use the tool and tag, please refer to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Translation suggestions: Topic-based &amp; Community-defined lists/How to use the features|the step-by-step guide]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378958]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Nuke|Nuke]] feature, which enables administrators to mass delete pages, now has a [[phab:T376379#10310998|multiselect filter for namespace selection]]. This enables users to select multiple specific namespaces, instead of only one or all, when fetching pages for deletion.
* The Nuke feature also now [[phab:T364225#10371365|provides links]] to the userpage of the user whose pages were deleted, and to the pages which were not selected for deletion, after page deletions are queued. This enables easier follow-up admin-actions. Thanks to Chlod and the Moderator Tools team for both of these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T364225#10371365]
* The Editing Team is working on making it easier to populate citations from archive.org using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|Citoid]] tool, the auto-filled citation generator. They are asking communities to add two parameters preemptively, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;archiveUrl&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;archiveDate&lt;/code&gt;, within the TemplateData for each citation template using Citoid. You can see an [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template%3ACite_web%2Fdoc&amp;diff=1261320172&amp;oldid=1260788022 example of a change in a template], and a [https://global-search.toolforge.org/?namespaces=10&amp;q=%5C%22citoid%5C%22%3A%20%5C%7B&amp;regex=1&amp;title= list of all relevant templates]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374831]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikivoyage}} in [[d:Q9240|Indonesian]] ([[voy:id:|&lt;code&gt;voy:id:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380726]
* Last week, all wikis had problems serving pages to logged-in users and some logged-out users for 30–45 minutes. This was caused by a database problem, and investigation is ongoing. [https://www.wikimediastatus.net/incidents/3g2ckc7bp6l9]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add Link]] feature has been fixed. Previously, the list of sections which are excluded from Add Link was partially ignored in certain cases. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380455][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380329]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]], the design system for Wikimedia, now has an early-stage [[git:design/codex-php|implementation in PHP]]. It is available for general use in MediaWiki extensions and Toolforge apps through [https://packagist.org/packages/wikimedia/codex Composer], with use in MediaWiki core coming soon. More information is available in [[wmdoc:design-codex-php/main/index.html|the documentation]]. Thanks to Doğu for the inspiration and many contributions to the library. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379662]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/ Wikimedia REST API] users, such as bot operators and tool maintainers, may be affected by ongoing upgrades. On December 4, the MediaWiki Interfaces team began rerouting page/revision metadata and rendered HTML content endpoints on [[testwiki:|testwiki]] from RESTbase to comparable MediaWiki REST API endpoints. The team encourages active users of these endpoints to verify their tool's behavior on testwiki and raise any concerns on the related [[phab:T374683|Phabricator ticket]] before the end of the year, as they intend to roll out the same change across all Wikimedia projects in early January. These changes are part of the work to replace the outdated [[mw:RESTBase/deprecation|RESTBase]] system.
* The [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/986172 2024 Developer Satisfaction Survey] is seeking the opinions of the Wikimedia developer community. Please take the survey if you have any role in developing software for the Wikimedia ecosystem. The survey is open until 3 January 2025, and has an associated [[foundation:Legal:Developer Satisfaction Survey 2024 Privacy Statement|privacy statement]].
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The next meeting in the series of [[c:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Commons community calls|Wikimedia Foundation discussions with the Wikimedia Commons community]] will take place on [[m:Event:Commons community discussion - 12 December 2024 08:00 UTC|December 12 at 8:00 UTC]] and [[m:Event:Commons community discussion - 12_December 2024 16:00 UTC|at 16:00 UTC]]. The topic of this call is new media and new contributors. Contributors from all wikis are welcome to attend.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/50|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W50&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:16, 9 December 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2024-51 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2024-W51&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/51|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Interested in improving event management on your home wiki? The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] offers organizers features like event registration management, event/wikiproject promotion, finding potential participants, and more - all directly on-wiki. If you are an organizer or think your community would benefit from this extension, start a discussion to enable it on your wiki today. To learn more about how to enable this extension on your wiki, visit the [[m:CampaignEvents/Deployment status#How to Request the CampaignEvents Extension for your wiki|deployment status page]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users of the iOS Wikipedia App in Italy and Mexico on the Italian, Spanish, and English Wikipedias, can see a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Personalized Wikipedia Year in Review|personalized Year in Review]] with insights based on their reading and editing history.
* Users of the Android Wikipedia App in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia can see the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Rabbit Holes|Rabbit Holes]] feature. This feature shows a suggested search term in the Search bar based on the current article being viewed, and a suggested reading list generated from the user’s last two visited articles.
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|global reminder bot]] is now active and running on nearly 800 wikis. This service reminds most users holding temporary rights when they are about to expire, so that they can renew should they want to. See [[m:Global reminder bot/Technical details|the technical details page]] for more information.
* The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 13 January 2025 because of the end of year holidays. Thank you to all of the translators, and people who submitted content or feedback, this year.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was [[phab:T374988|fixed]] in the Android Wikipedia App which had caused translatable SVG images to show the wrong language when they were tapped.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* There is no new MediaWiki version next week. The next deployments will start on 14 January. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/Deployments/Yearly_calendar/2025] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/51|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2024-W51&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:24, 16 December 2024 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Single User Login system is being updated over the next few months. This is the system which allows users to fill out the login form on one Wikimedia site and get logged in on all others at the same time. It needs to be updated because of the ways that browsers are increasingly restricting cross-domain cookies. To accommodate these restrictions, login and account creation pages will move to a central domain, but it will still appear to the user as if they are on the originating wiki. The updated code will be enabled this week for users on test wikis. This change is planned to roll out to all users during February and March. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3#Deployment|the SUL3 project page]] for more details and a timeline.

'''Updates for editors'''
* On wikis with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:PageAssessments|PageAssessments]] installed, you can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:PageAssessments#Search|filter search results]] to pages in a given WikiProject by using the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;inproject:&lt;/code&gt; keyword. (These wikis: {{int:project-localized-name-arwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-enwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-enwikivoyage/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-huwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-newiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zhwiki/en}}) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378868] 
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q34129|Tigre]] ([[w:tig:|&lt;code&gt;w:tig:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381377]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:35}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:35|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a bug with updating a user's edit-count after making a rollback edit, which is now fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382592]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Wikimedia REST API users, such as bot operators and tool maintainers, may be affected by ongoing upgrades. Starting the week of January 13, we will begin rerouting [[phab:T374683|some page content endpoints]] from RESTbase to the newer MediaWiki REST API endpoints for all wiki projects. This change was previously available on testwiki and should not affect existing functionality, but active users of the impacted endpoints may raise issues directly to the [[phab:project/view/6931/|MediaWiki Interfaces Team]] in Phabricator if they arise.
* Toolforge tool maintainers can now share their feedback on Toolforge UI, an initiative to provide a web platform that allows creating and managing Toolforge tools through a graphic interface, in addition to existing command-line workflows. This project aims to streamline active maintainers’ tasks, as well as make registration and deployment processes more accessible for new tool creators. The initiative is still at a very early stage, and the Cloud Services team is in the process of collecting feedback from the Toolforge community to help shape the solution to their needs. [[wikitech:Wikimedia Cloud Services team/EnhancementProposals/Toolforge UI|Read more and share your thoughts about Toolforge UI]]. 
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] For tool and library developers who use the OAuth system: The identity endpoint used for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#Identifying the user|OAuth 1]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#Identifying the user 2|OAuth 2]] returned a JSON object with an integer in its &lt;code&gt;sub&lt;/code&gt; field, which was incorrect (the field must always be a string). This has been fixed; the fix will be deployed to Wikimedia wikis on the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382139]
* Many wikis currently use [[:mw:Parsoid/Parser Unification/Cite CSS|Cite CSS]] to render custom footnote markers in Parsoid output. Starting January 20 these rules will be disabled, but the developers ask you to ''not'' clean up your &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[MediaWiki:Common.css]]&lt;/bdi&gt; until February 20 to avoid issues during the migration. Your wikis might experience some small changes to footnote markers in Visual Editor and when using experimental Parsoid read mode, but if there are changes these are expected to bring the rendering in line with the legacy parser output. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370027]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The next meeting in the series of [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:WMF support for Commons/Commons community calls|Wikimedia Foundation Community Conversations with the Wikimedia Commons community]] will take place on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 15 January 2025 08:00 UTC|January 15 at 8:00 UTC]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Commons community discussion - 15 January 2025 16:00 UTC|at 16:00 UTC]]. The topic of this call is defining the priorities in tool investment for Commons. Contributors from all wikis, especially users who are maintaining tools for Commons, are welcome to attend.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:42, 14 January 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Administrators can mass-delete multiple pages created by a user or IP address using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Nuke|Extension:Nuke]]. It previously only allowed deletion of pages created in the last 30 days. It can now delete pages from the last 90 days, provided it is targeting a specific user or IP address. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380846]
* On [[phab:P72148|wikis that use]] the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Patrolled edits|Patrolled edits]] feature, when the rollback feature is used to revert an unpatrolled page revision, that revision will now be marked as &quot;manually patrolled&quot; instead of &quot;autopatrolled&quot;, which is more accurate. Some editors that use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:New filters for edit review/Filtering|filters]] on Recent Changes may need to update their filter settings. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T302140]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Visual Editor's &quot;Insert link&quot; feature did not always suggest existing pages properly when an editor started typing, which has now been [[phab:T383497|fixed]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The Structured Discussion extension (also known as Flow) is being progressively removed from the wikis. This extension is unmaintained and causes issues. It will be replaced by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]], which is used on any regular talk page. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Structured Discussions/Deprecation#Deprecation timeline|The last group of wikis]] ({{int:project-localized-name-cawikiquote/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fiwikimedia/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-gomwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kabwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ptwikibooks/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-sewikimedia/en}}) will soon be contacted. If you have questions about this process, please ping [[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] at your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380912]
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical_Community_Newsletter/2025/January|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: updates about services from the Data Platform Engineering teams, information about Codex from the Design System team, and more.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:36, 21 January 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Patrollers and admins - what information or context about edits or users could help you to make patroller or admin decisions more quickly or easily? The Wikimedia Foundation wants to hear from you to help guide its upcoming annual plan. Please consider sharing your thoughts on this and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|13 other questions]] to shape the technical direction for next year.

'''Updates for editors'''
* iOS Wikipedia App users worldwide can now access a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Personalized Wikipedia Year in Review/How your data is used|personalized Year in Review]] feature, which provides insights based on their reading and editing history on Wikipedia. This project is part of a broader effort to help welcome new readers as they discover and interact with encyclopedic content.
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Edit patrollers now have a new feature available that can highlight potentially problematic new pages. When a page is created with the same title as a page which was previously deleted, a tag ('Recreated') will now be added, which users can filter for in [[{{#special:RecentChanges}}]] and [[{{#special:NewPages}}]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T56145]
* Later this week, there will be a new warning for editors if they attempt to create a redirect that links to another redirect (a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Redirects#Double redirects|double redirect]]). The feature will recommend that they link directly to the second redirect's target page. Thanks to the user SomeRandomDeveloper for this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326056]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Wikimedia wikis allow [[w:en:WebAuthn|WebAuthn]]-based second factor checks (such as hardware tokens) during login, but the feature is [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Miscellaneous/Fix security key (WebAuthn) support|fragile]] and has very few users. The MediaWiki Platform team is temporarily disabling adding new WebAuthn keys, to avoid interfering with the rollout of [[mw:MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3|SUL3]] (single user login version 3). Existing keys are unaffected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378402]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''

* For developers that use the [[wikitech:Data Platform/Data Lake/Edits/MediaWiki history dumps|MediaWiki History dumps]]: The Data Platform Engineering team has added a couple of new fields to these dumps, to support the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Temporary Accounts]] initiative. If you maintain software that reads those dumps, please review your code and the updated documentation, since the order of the fields in the row will change. There will also be one field rename: in the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;mediawiki_user_history&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; dump, the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;anonymous&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; field will be renamed to &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;is_anonymous&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt;. The changes will take effect with the next release of the dumps in February. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/LKMFDS62TXGDN6L56F4ABXYLN7CSCQDI/] 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:14, 27 January 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Editors who use the &quot;Special characters&quot; editing-toolbar menu can now see the 32 special characters you have used most recently, across editing sessions on that wiki. This change should help make it easier to find the characters you use most often. The feature is in both the 2010 wikitext editor and VisualEditor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T110722]
* Editors using the 2010 wikitext editor can now create sublists with correct indentation by selecting the line(s) you want to indent and then clicking the toolbar buttons.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380438] You can now also insert &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; tags using a new toolbar button.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383010] Thanks to user stjn for these improvements.
* Help is needed to ensure the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|citation generator]] works properly on each wiki.
** (1) Administrators should update the local versions of the page &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Citoid-template-type-map.json&lt;/code&gt; to include entries for &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;preprint&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;standard&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;dataset&lt;/code&gt;; Here are example diffs to replicate [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki%3ACitoid-template-type-map.json&amp;diff=1189164774&amp;oldid=1165783565 for 'preprint'] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki%3ACitoid-template-type-map.json&amp;diff=1270832208&amp;oldid=1270828390 for 'standard' and 'dataset'].
** (2.1) If the citoid map in the citation template used for these types of references is missing, [[mediawikiwiki:Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki#Step 2.a: Create a 'citoid' maps value for each citation template|one will need to be added]]. (2.2) If the citoid map does exist, the TemplateData will need to be updated to include new field names. Here are example updates [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template%3ACitation%2Fdoc&amp;diff=1270829051&amp;oldid=1262470053 for 'preprint'] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template%3ACitation%2Fdoc&amp;diff=1270831369&amp;oldid=1270829480 for 'standard' and 'dataset']. The new fields that may need to be supported are &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;archiveID&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;identifier&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;repository&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;organization&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;repositoryLocation&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;committee&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;versionNumber&lt;/code&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383666]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q15637215|Central Kanuri]] ([[w:knc:|&lt;code&gt;w:knc:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T385181]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the [[mediawikiwiki:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Wikisource/Wikimedia OCR|OCR (optical character recognition) tool]] used for Wikisource now supports a new language, Church Slavonic. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384782]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:08, 4 February 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''

* The Product and Technology Advisory Council (PTAC) has published [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/February 2025 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|a draft of their recommendations]] for the Wikimedia Foundation's Product and Technology department. They have recommended focusing on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/February 2025 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback/Mobile experiences|mobile experiences]], particularly contributions. They request community [[m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/February 2025 draft PTAC recommendation for feedback|feedback at the talk page]] by 21 February.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The &quot;Special pages&quot; portlet link will be moved from the &quot;Toolbox&quot; into the &quot;Navigation&quot; section of the main menu's sidebar by default. This change is because the Toolbox is intended for tools relating to the current page, not tools relating to the site, so the link will be more logically and consistently located. To modify this behavior and update CSS styling, administrators can follow the instructions at [[phab:T385346|T385346]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T333211]
* As part of this year's work around improving the ways readers discover content on the wikis, the Web team will be running an experiment with a small number of readers that displays some suggestions for related or interesting articles within the search bar. Please check out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments#Experiment 1: Display article recommendations in more prominent locations, search|the project page]] for more information.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Template editors who use TemplateStyles can now customize output for users with specific accessibility needs by using accessibility related media queries (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-reduced-motion prefers-reduced-motion]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-reduced-transparency prefers-reduced-transparency]&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/prefers-contrast prefers-contrast]&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/@media/forced-colors forced-colors]&lt;/code&gt;). Thanks to user Bawolff for these improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384175]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:22}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:22|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the global blocks log will now be shown directly on the {{#special:CentralAuth}} page, similarly to global locks, to simplify the workflows for stewards. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T377024]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Wikidata [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Default values for labels and aliases|now supports a special language as a &quot;default for all languages&quot;]] for labels and aliases. This is to avoid excessive duplication of the same information across many languages. If your Wikidata queries use labels, you may need to update them as some existing labels are getting removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T312511]
* The function &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;getDescription&lt;/code&gt; was invoked on every Wiki page read and accounts for ~2.5% of a page's total load time. The calculated value will now be cached, reducing load on Wikimedia servers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383660]
* As part of the RESTBase deprecation [[mw:RESTBase/deprecation|effort]], the &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;/page/related&lt;/code&gt; endpoint has been blocked as of February 6, 2025, and will be removed soon. This timeline was chosen to align with the deprecation schedules for older Android and iOS versions. The stable alternative is the &quot;&lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;morelike&lt;/code&gt;&quot; action API in MediaWiki, and [[gerrit:c/mediawiki/services/mobileapps/+/982154/13/pagelib/src/transform/FooterReadMore.js|a migration example]] is available. The MediaWiki Interfaces team [[phab:T376297|can be contacted]] for any questions. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/GFC2IJO7L4BWO3YTM7C5HF4MCCBE2RJ2/]

'''In depth'''

* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/January|Language and Internationalization newsletter]] is available. It includes: Updates about the &quot;Contribute&quot; menu; details on some of the newest language editions of Wikipedia; details on new languages supported by the MediaWiki interface; updates on the Community-defined lists feature; and more. 
* The latest [[mw:Extension:Chart/Project/Updates#January 2025: Better visibility into charts and tabular data usage|Chart Project newsletter]] is available. It includes updates on the progress towards bringing better visibility into global charts usage and support for categorizing pages in the Data namespace on Commons.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:11, 11 February 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W08&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Communities using growth tools can now showcase one event on the &lt;code&gt;{{#special:Homepage}}&lt;/code&gt; for newcomers. This feature will help newcomers to be informed about editing activities they can participate in. Administrators can create a new event to showcase at &lt;code&gt;{{#special:CommunityConfiguration}}&lt;/code&gt;. To learn more about this feature, please read [[diffblog:2025/02/12/community-updates-module-connecting-newcomers-to-your-initiatives/|the Diff post]], have a look [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Community updates module|at the documentation]], or contact [[mw:Talk:Growth|the Growth team]].

'''Updates for editors'''
[[File:Page Frame Features on desktop.png|thumb|Highlighted talk pages improvements]]
* Starting next week, talk pages at these wikis – {{int:project-localized-name-eswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-itwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jawiki/en}} – will get [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|a new design]]. This change was extensively tested as a Beta feature and is the last step of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary|talk pages improvements]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379102]
* You can now navigate to view a redirect page directly from its action pages, such as the history page. Previously, you were forced to first go to the redirect target. This change should help editors who work with redirects a lot. Thanks to user stjn for this improvement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T5324]
* When a Cite reference is reused many times, wikis currently show either numbers like &quot;1.23&quot; or localized alphabetic markers like &quot;a b c&quot; in the reference list. Previously, if there were so many reuses that the alphabetic markers were all used, [[MediaWiki:Cite error references no backlink label|an error message]] was displayed.  As part of the work to [[phab:T383036|modernize Cite customization]], these errors will no longer be shown and instead the backlinks will fall back to showing numeric markers like &quot;1.23&quot; once the alphabetic markers are all used.
* The log entries for each change to an editor's user-groups are now clearer by specifying exactly what has changed, instead of the plain before and after listings. Translators can [[phab:T369466|help to update the localized versions]]. Thanks to user Msz2001 for these improvements.
* A new filter has been added to the [[{{#special:Nuke}}]] tool, which allows administrators to mass delete pages, to enable users to filter for pages in a range of page sizes (in bytes). This allows, for example, deleting pages only of a certain size or below. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378488]
* Non-administrators can now check which pages are able to be deleted using the [[{{#special:Nuke}}]] tool. Thanks to user MolecularPilot for this and the previous improvements. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T376378]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:25}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:25|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed in the configuration for the AV1 video file format, which enables these files to play again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382193]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Parsoid Read Views is going to be rolling out to most Wiktionaries over the next few weeks, following the successful transition of Wikivoyage to Parsoid Read Views last year. For more information, see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parsoid/Parser Unification]] project page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T385923][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371640]
* Developers of tools that run on-wiki should note that &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mw.Uri&lt;/code&gt; is deprecated. Tools requiring &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mw.Uri&lt;/code&gt; must explicitly declare &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mediawiki.Uri&lt;/code&gt; as a ResourceLoader dependency, and should migrate to the browser native &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;URL&lt;/code&gt; API soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384515]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W08&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:16, 17 February 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W09&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Administrators can now customize how the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User language|Babel feature]] creates categories using [[{{#special:CommunityConfiguration/Babel}}]]. They can rename language categories, choose whether they should be auto-created, and adjust other settings. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374348]
* The &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://www.wikimedia.org/ wikimedia.org]&lt;/bdi&gt; portal has been updated – and is receiving some ongoing improvements – to modernize and improve the accessibility of our portal pages. It now has better support for mobile layouts, updated wording and links, and better language support. Additionally, all of the Wikimedia project portals, such as &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://wikibooks.org wikibooks.org]&lt;/bdi&gt;, now support dark mode when a reader is using that system setting. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373204][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368221][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Project_portals]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary/en}} in [[d:Q33965|Santali]] ([[wikt:sat:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:sat:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386619]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that prevented clicking on search results in the web-interface for some Firefox for Android phone configurations. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381289]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The next Language Community Meeting is happening soon, February 28th at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1740751200 14:00 UTC]. This week's meeting will cover: highlights and technical updates on keyboard and tools for the Sámi languages, Translatewiki.net contributions from the Bahasa Lampung community in Indonesia, and technical Q&amp;A. If you'd like to join, simply [[mw:Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Community meetings#28 February 2025|sign up on the wiki page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W09&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:41, 25 February 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W10&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* All logged-in editors using the mobile view can now edit a full page. The &quot;{{int:Minerva-page-actions-editfull}}&quot; link is accessible from the &quot;{{int:minerva-page-actions-overflow}}&quot; menu in the toolbar. This was previously only available to editors using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Advanced mobile contributions|Advanced mobile contributions]] setting. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387180]
* Interface administrators can now help to remove the deprecated Cite CSS code matching &quot;&lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;mw-ref&lt;/code&gt;&quot; from their local &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[MediaWiki:Common.css]]&lt;/bdi&gt;. The list of wikis in need of cleanup, and the code to remove, [https://global-search.toolforge.org/?q=mw-ref%5B%5E-a-z%5D&amp;regex=1&amp;namespaces=8&amp;title=.*css can be found with this global search] and in [https://ace.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Common.css&amp;oldid=145662#L-139--L-144 this example], and you can learn more about how to help on the [[mw:Parsoid/Parser Unification/Cite CSS|CSS migration project page]]. The Cite footnote markers (&quot;&lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[1]&lt;/code&gt;&quot;) are now rendered by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid|Parsoid]], and the deprecated CSS is no longer needed. The CSS for backlinks (&quot;&lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;mw:referencedBy&lt;/code&gt;&quot;) should remain in place for now. This cleanup is expected to cause no visible changes for readers. Please help to remove this code before March 20, after which the development team will do it for you.
* When editors embed a file (e.g. &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;[[File:MediaWiki.png]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) on a page that is protected with cascading protection, the software will no longer restrict edits to the file description page, only to new file uploads.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T24521] In contrast, transcluding a file description page (e.g. &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{:File:MediaWiki.png}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) will now restrict edits to the page.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T62109]
* When editors revert a file to an earlier version it will now require the same permissions as ordinarily uploading a new version of the file. The software now checks for 'reupload' or 'reupload-own' rights,[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T304474] and respects cascading protection.[https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T140010]
* When administrators are listing pages for deletion with the Nuke tool, they can now also list associated talk pages and redirects for deletion, alongside pages created by the target, rather than needing to manually delete these pages afterwards. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T95797]
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/03|previously noted]] update to Single User Login, which will accommodate browser restrictions on cross-domain cookies by moving login and account creation to a central domain, will now roll out to all users during March and April. The team plans to enable it for all new account creation on [[wikitech:Deployments/Train#Tuesday|Group0]] wikis this week. See [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3#Deployment|the SUL3 project page]] for more details and an updated timeline.
* Since last week there has been a bug that shows some interface icons as black squares until the page has fully loaded. It will be fixed this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387351]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q2044560|Sylheti]] ([[w:syl:|&lt;code&gt;w:syl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386441]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed with loading images in very old versions of the Firefox browser on mobile. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386400]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.19|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W10&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 02:30, 4 March 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Editors who use password managers at multiple wikis may notice changes in the future. The way that our wikis provide information to password managers about reusing passwords across domains has recently been updated, so some password managers might now offer you login credentials that you saved for a different Wikimedia site. Some password managers already did this, and are now doing it for more Wikimedia domains. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3|SUL3 project]] which aims to improve how our unified login works, and to keep it compatible with ongoing changes to the web-browsers we use. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T385520][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384844]
* The Wikipedia Apps Team is inviting interested users to help improve Wikipedia’s offline and limited internet use. After discussions in [[m:Afrika Baraza|Afrika Baraza]] and the last [[m:Special:MyLanguage/ESEAP Hub/Meetings|ESEAP call]], key challenges like search, editing, and offline access are being explored, with upcoming focus groups to dive deeper into these topics. All languages are welcome, and interpretation will be available. Want to share your thoughts? [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Improving Wikipedia Mobile Apps for Offline &amp; Limited Internet Use|Join the discussion]] or email &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;aramadan@wikimedia.org&lt;/bdi&gt;!
* All wikis will be read-only for a few minutes on March 19. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1742392800 14:00 UTC]. More information will be published in Tech News and will also be posted on individual wikis in the coming weeks.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.20|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/33|Growth newsletter]] is available. It includes: the launch of the Community Updates module, the most recent changes in Community Configuration, and the upcoming test of in-article suggestions for first-time editors.
* An old API that was previously used in the Android Wikipedia app is being removed at the end of March. There are no current software uses, but users of the app with a version that is older than 6 months by the time of removal (2025-03-31), will no longer have access to the Suggested Edits feature, until they update their app. You can [[diffblog:2025/02/24/sunset-of-wikimedia-recommendation-api/|read more details about this change]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:09, 10 March 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Twice a year, around the equinoxes, the Wikimedia Foundation's Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) team performs [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|a datacenter server switchover]], redirecting all traffic from one primary server to its backup. This provides reliability in case of a crisis, as we can always fall back on the other datacenter. [http://listen.hatnote.com/ Thanks to the Listen to Wikipedia] tool, you can hear the switchover take place: Before it begins, you'll hear the steady stream of edits; Then, as the system enters a brief read-only phase, the sound stops for a couple of minutes, before resuming after the switchover. You can [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|read more about the background and details of this process on the Diff blog]]. If you want to keep an ear out for the next server switchover, listen to the wikis on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1742392800 March 19 at 14:00 UTC].

'''Updates for editors'''

* The [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en&amp;to=es improved Content Translation tool dashboard] is now available in [[phab:T387820|10 Wikipedias]] and will be available for all Wikipedias [[phab:T387821|soon]]. With [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation#Improved translation experience|the unified dashboard]], desktop users can now: Translate new sections of an article; Discover and access topic-based [https://ig.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en&amp;to=ig&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits article suggestion filters] (initially available only for mobile device users); Discover and access the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Translation suggestions: Topic-based &amp; Community-defined lists|Community-defined lists]] filter, also known as &quot;Collections&quot;, from wiki-projects and campaigns.
* On Wikimedia Commons, a [[c:Commons:WMF support for Commons/Upload Wizard Improvements#Improve category selection|new system to select the appropriate file categories]] has been introduced: if a category has one or more subcategories, users will be able to click on an arrow that will open the subcategories directly within the form, and choose the correct one. The parent category name will always be shown on top, and it will always be possible to come back to it. This should decrease the amount of work for volunteers in fixing/creating new categories. The change is also available on mobile. These changes are part of planned improvements to the UploadWizard.
* The Community Tech team is seeking wikis to join a pilot for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|Multiblocks]] feature and a refreshed Special:Block page in late March. Multiblocks enables administrators to impose multiple different types of blocks on the same user at the same time. If you are an admin or steward and would like us to discuss joining the pilot with your community, please leave a message on the [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|project talk page]].
* Starting March 25, the Editing team will test a new feature for Edit Check at [[phab:T384372|12 Wikipedias]]: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Multi-check|Multi-Check]]. Half of the newcomers on these wikis will see all [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#ref|Reference Checks]] during their edit session, while the other half will continue seeing only one. The goal of this test is to see if users are confused or discouraged when shown multiple Reference Checks (when relevant) within a single editing session. At these wikis, the tags used on edits that show References Check will be simplified, as multiple tags could be shown within a single edit. Changes to the tags are documented [[phab:T373949|on Phabricator]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379131]
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global reminder bot|Global reminder bot]], which is a service for notifying users that their temporary user-rights are about to expire, now supports using the localized name of the user-rights group in the message heading. Translators can see the [[m:Global reminder bot/Translation|listing of existing translations and documentation]] to check if their language needs updating or creation.
* The [[Special:GlobalPreferences|GlobalPreferences]] gender setting, which is used for how the software should refer to you in interface messages, now works as expected by overriding the local defaults. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386584]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:26}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:26|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Wikipedia App for Android had a bug fixed for when a user is browsing and searching in multiple languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379777]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Later this week, the way that Codex styles are loaded will be changing. There is a small risk that this may result in unstyled interface message boxes on certain pages. User generated content (e.g. templates) is not impacted. Gadgets may be impacted. If you see any issues [[phab:T388847|please report them]]. See the linked task for details, screenshots, and documentation on how to fix any affected gadgets.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.21|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:48, 17 March 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation is seeking your feedback on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|drafts of the objectives and key results that will shape the Foundation's Product and Technology priorities]] for the next fiscal year (starting in July). The objectives are broad high-level areas, and the key-results are measurable ways to track the success of their objectives. Please share your feedback on the talkpage, in any language, ideally before the end of April.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] will be released to multiple wikis (see [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#Global Deployment Plan|deployment plan]] for details) in April 2025, and the team has begun the process of engaging communities on the identified wikis. The extension provides tools to organize, manage, and promote collaborative activities (like events, edit-a-thons, and WikiProjects) on the wikis. The extension has three tools: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaboration list|Collaboration List]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Invitation list|Invitation Lists]]. It is currently on 13 Wikipedias, including English Wikipedia, French Wikipedia, and Spanish Wikipedia, as well as Wikidata. Questions or requests can be directed to the [[mw:Help talk:Extension:CampaignEvents|extension talk page]] or in Phabricator (with &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;#campaigns-product-team&lt;/bdi&gt; tag).
* Starting the week of March 31st, wikis will be able to set which user groups can view private registrants in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], as part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents]] extension. By default, event organizers and the local wiki admins will be able to see private registrants. This is a change from the current behavior, in which only event organizers can see private registrants. Wikis can change the default setup by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|requesting a configuration change]] in Phabricator (and adding the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;#campaigns-product-team&lt;/bdi&gt; tag). Participants of past events can cancel their registration at any time.
* Administrators at wikis that have a customized &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[MediaWiki:Sidebar]]&lt;/bdi&gt; should check that it contains an entry for the {{int:specialpages}} listing. If it does not, they should add it using &lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;* specialpages-url|specialpages&lt;/code&gt;. Wikis with a default sidebar will see the link moved from the page toolbox into the sidebar menu in April. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T388927]
* The Minerva skin (mobile web) combines both Notice and Alert notifications within the bell icon ([[File:OOjs UI icon bell.svg|16px|link=|class=skin-invert]]). There was a long-standing bug where an indication for new notifications was only shown if you had unseen Alerts. This bug is now fixed. In the future, Minerva users will notice a counter atop the bell icon when you have 1 or more unseen Notices and/or Alerts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T344029]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* VisualEditor has introduced a [[mw:VisualEditor/Hooks|new client-side hook]] for developers to use when integrating with the VisualEditor target lifecycle. This hook should replace the existing lifecycle-related hooks, and be more consistent between different platforms. In addition, the new hook will apply to uses of VisualEditor outside of just full article editing, allowing gadgets to interact with the editor in DiscussionTools as well. The Editing Team intends to deprecate and eventually remove the old lifecycle hooks, so any use cases that this new hook does not cover would be of interest to them and can be [[phab:T355555|shared in the task]].
* Developers who use the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mw.Api&lt;/code&gt; JavaScript library, can now identify the tool using it with the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;userAgent&lt;/code&gt; parameter: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;var api = new mw.Api( { userAgent: 'GadgetNameHere/1.0.1' } );&lt;/code&gt;. If you maintain a gadget or user script, please set a user agent, because it helps with library and server maintenance and with differentiating between legitimate and illegitimate traffic. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373874][https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Wikimedia_Foundation_User-Agent_Policy]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.22|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:42, 24 March 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-14 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Editing team is working on a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit Check|Edit check]]: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check#26 March 2025|Peacock check]]. This check's goal is to identify non-neutral terms while a user is editing a wikipage, so that they can be informed that their edit should perhaps be changed before they publish it. This project is at the early stages, and the team is looking for communities' input: [[phab:T389445|in this Phabricator task]], they are gathering on-wiki policies, templates used to tag non-neutral articles, and the terms (jargon and keywords) used in edit summaries for the languages they are currently researching. You can participate by editing the table on Phabricator, commenting on the task, or directly messaging [[m:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Platform Team/SUL3|Single User Login]] has now been updated on all wikis to move login and account creation to a central domain. This makes user login compatible with browser restrictions on cross-domain cookies, which have prevented users of some browsers from staying logged in.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:35}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:35|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Starting on March 31st, the MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin a limited release of generated OpenAPI specs and a SwaggerUI-based sandbox experience for [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API|MediaWiki REST APIs]]. They invite developers from a limited group of non-English Wikipedia communities (Arabic, German, French, Hebrew, Interlingua, Dutch, Chinese) to review the documentation and experiment with the sandbox in their preferred language. In addition to these specific Wikipedia projects, the sandbox and OpenAPI spec will be available on the [[testwiki:Special:RestSandbox|on the test wiki REST Sandbox special page]] for developers with English as their preferred language. During the preview period, the MediaWiki Interfaces Team also invites developers to [[mw:MediaWiki Interfaces Team/Feature Feedback/REST Sandbox|share feedback about your experience]]. The preview will last for approximately 2 weeks, after which the sandbox and OpenAPI specs will be made available across all wiki projects.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.23|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* Sometimes a small, [[gerrit:c/operations/cookbooks/+/1129184|one line code change]] can have great significance: in this case, it means that for the first time in years we're able to run all of the stack serving &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[http://maps.wikimedia.org/ maps.wikimedia.org]&lt;/bdi&gt; - a host dedicated to serving our wikis and their multi-lingual maps needs - from a single core datacenter, something we test every time we perform a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|datacenter switchover]]. This is important because it means that in case one of our datacenters is affected by a catastrophe, we'll still be able to serve the site. This change is the result of [[phab:T216826|extensive work]] by two developers on porting the last component of the maps stack over to [[w:en:Kubernetes|kubernetes]], where we can allocate resources more efficiently than before, thus we're able to withstand more traffic in a single datacenter. This work involved a lot of complicated steps because this software, and the software libraries it uses, required many long overdue upgrades. This type of work makes the Wikimedia infrastructure more sustainable.

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Workshop Spring 2025|MediaWiki Users and Developers Workshop Spring 2025]] is happening in Sandusky, USA, and online, from 14–16 May 2025. The workshop will feature discussions around the usage of MediaWiki software by and within companies in different industries and will inspire and onboard new users. Registration and presentation signup is now available at the workshop's website.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W14&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:05, 1 April 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-15 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W15&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/15|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* From now on, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interface administrators|interface admins]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Central notice administrators|centralnotice admins]] are technically required to enable [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] before they can use their privileges. In the future this might be expanded to more groups with advanced user-rights. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T150898]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The Design System Team is preparing to release the next major version of Codex (v2.0.0) on April 29. Editors and developers who use CSS from Codex should see the [[mw:Codex/Release Timeline/2.0|2.0 overview documentation]], which includes guidance related to a few of the breaking changes such as &lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;font-size&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;line-height&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;size-icon&lt;/code&gt;.
* The results of the [[mw:Developer Satisfaction Survey/2025|Developer Satisfaction Survey (2025)]]  are now available. Thank you to all participants. These results help the Foundation decide what to work on next and to review what they recently worked on.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.24|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2025|2025 Wikimedia Hackathon]] will take place in Istanbul, Turkey, between 2–4 May. Registration for attending the in-person event will close on 13 April. Before registering, please note the potential need for a [https://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkish-representations.en.mfa visa] or [https://www.mfa.gov.tr/visa-information-for-foreigners.en.mfa e-visa] to enter the country.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/15|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W15&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:52, 7 April 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-16 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W16&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/16|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Later this week, the default thumbnail size will be increased from 220px to 250px. This changes how pages are shown in all wikis and has been requested by some communities for many years, but wasn't previously possible due to technical limitations. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T355914]
* File thumbnails are now stored in discrete sizes. If a page specifies a thumbnail size that's not among the standard sizes (20, 40, 60, 120, 250, 330, 500, 960), then MediaWiki will pick the closest larger thumbnail size but will tell the browser to downscale it to the requested size. In these cases, nothing will change visually but users might load slightly larger images. If it doesn't matter which thumbnail size is used in a page, please pick one of the standard sizes to avoid the extra in-browser down-scaling step. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Images#Thumbnail_sizes][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T355914]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation are working on a system called [[m:Edge Uniques|Edge Uniques]] which will enable [[:w:en:A/B testing|A/B testing]], help protect against [[:w:en:Denial-of-service attack|Distributed denial-of-service attacks]] (DDoS attacks), and make it easier to understand how many visitors the Wikimedia sites have. This is so that they can more efficiently build tools which help readers, and make it easier for readers to find what they are looking for.
* To improve security for users, a small percentage of logins will now require that the account owner input a one-time password [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:EmailAuth|emailed to their account]]. It is recommended that you [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-personal-email|check]] that the email address on your account is set correctly, and that it has been confirmed, and that you have an email set for this purpose. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T390662]
* &quot;Are you interested in taking a short survey to improve tools used for reviewing or reverting edits on your Wiki?&quot; This question will be [[phab:T389401|asked at 7 wikis starting next week]], on Recent Changes and Watchlist pages. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools team]] wants to know more about activities that involve looking at new edits made to your Wikimedia project, and determining whether they adhere to your project's policies.
* On April 15, the full Wikidata graph will no longer be supported on &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://query.wikidata.org/ query.wikidata.org]&lt;/bdi&gt;. After this date, scholarly articles will be available through &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;[https://query-scholarly.wikidata.org/ query-scholarly.wikidata.org]&lt;/bdi&gt;, while the rest of the data hosted on Wikidata will be available through the &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[https://query.wikidata.org/ query.wikidata.org]&lt;/bdi&gt; endpoint. This is part of the scheduled split of the Wikidata Graph, which was [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS backend update/September 2024 scaling update|announced in September 2024]]. More information is [[d:Wikidata:SPARQL query service/WDQS graph split|available on Wikidata]].
* The latest quarterly [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Newsletter/First quarter of 2025|Wikimedia Apps Newsletter]] is now available. It covers updates, experiments, and improvements made to the Wikipedia mobile apps.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Technical Community Newsletter/2025/April|Technical Community Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: an invitation for tool maintainers to attend the Toolforge UI Community Feedback Session on April 15th; recent community metrics; and recent technical blog posts.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.25|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/16|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W16&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:24, 15 April 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-17 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W17&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/17|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Main Page|Wikifunctions]] is now integrated with [[w:dag:Solɔɣu|Dagbani Wikipedia]] since April 15. It is the first project that will be able to call [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Introduction|functions from Wikifunctions]] and integrate them in articles. A function is something that takes one or more inputs and transforms them into a desired output, such as adding up two numbers, converting miles into metres, calculating how much time has passed since an event, or declining a word into a case. Wikifunctions will allow users to do that through a simple call of [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Catalogue|a stable and global function]], rather than via a local template. [https://www.wikifunctions.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status_updates/2025-04-16]
* A new type of lint error has been created: [[Special:LintErrors/empty-heading|{{int:linter-category-empty-heading}}]] ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Lint errors/empty-heading|documentation]]). The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Linter|Linter extension]]'s purpose is to identify wikitext patterns that must or can be fixed in pages and provide some guidance about what the problems are with those patterns and how to fix them. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T368722]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:37}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:37|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Following its publication on HuggingFace, the &quot;Structured Contents&quot; dataset, developed by Wikimedia Enterprise, is [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/kaggle-dataset/ now also available on Kaggle]. This Beta initiative is focused on making Wikimedia data more machine-readable for high-volume reusers. They are releasing this beta version in a location that open dataset communities already use, in order to seek feedback, to help improve the product for a future wider release. You can read more about the overall [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/structured-contents-snapshot-api/#open-datasets Structured Contents project], and about the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/structured-contents-wikipedia-infobox/ first release that's freely usable].
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.

'''Meetings and events'''
* The Editing and Machine Learning Teams invite interested volunteers to a video meeting to discuss [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Peacock check|Peacock check]], which is the latest [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check|Edit check]] that will detect &quot;peacock&quot; or &quot;overly-promotional&quot; or &quot;non-neutral&quot; language whilst an editor is typing. Editors who work with newcomers, or help to fix this kind of writing, or are interested in how we use artificial intelligence in our projects are encouraged to attend. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Editing team/Community Conversations#Next Conversation|meeting will be on April 28, 2025]] at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1745863200 18:00–19:00 UTC] and hosted on Zoom.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/17|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W17&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:00, 21 April 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-18 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W18&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/18|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Event organizers who host collaborative activities on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#Global Deployment Plan|multiple wikis]], including Bengali, Japanese, and Korean Wikipedias, will have access to the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] this week. Also, admins in the Wikipedia where the extension is enabled will automatically be granted the event organizer right soon. They won't have to manually grant themselves the right before they can manage events as [[phab:T386861|requested by a community]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The release of the next major version of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]], the design system for Wikimedia, is scheduled for 29 April 2025. Technical editors will have access to the release by the week of 5 May 2025. This update will include a number of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Release_Timeline/2.0#Breaking_changes|breaking changes]] and minor [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Release_Timeline/2.0#Visual_changes|visual changes]]. Instructions on handling the breaking and visual changes are documented on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex/Release Timeline/2.0#|this page]]. Pre-release testing is reported in [[phab:T386298|T386298]], with post-release issues tracked in [[phab:T392379|T392379]] and [[phab:T392390|T392390]].
* Users of [[wikitech:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Wiki_Replicas|Wiki Replicas]] will notice that the database views of &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;ipblocks&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;ipblocks_ipindex&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;ipblocks_compat&lt;/code&gt; are [[phab:T390767|now deprecated]]. Users can query the &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block_table|block]]&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block_target_table|block_target]]&lt;/code&gt; new views that mirror the new tables in the production database instead. The deprecated views will be removed entirely from Wiki Replicas in June, 2025.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.27|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/April|Language and Internationalization Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes an overview of the improved [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;campaign=contributionsmenu&amp;to=es&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en#/ Content Translation Dashboard Tool], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/April#Language Support for New and Existing Languages|support for new languages]], [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/April#Wiki Loves Ramadan Articles Made In Content Translation Mobile Workflow|highlights from the Wiki Loves Ramadan campaign]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Research:Languages Onboarding Experiment 2024 - Executive Summary|results from the Language Onboarding Experiment]], an analysis of topic diversity in articles, and information on upcoming community meetings and events.

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[Special:MyLanguage/Grants:Knowledge_Sharing/Connect/Calendar|Let's Connect Learning Clinic]] will take place on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1745937000 April 29 at 14:30 UTC]. This edition will focus on &quot;Understanding and Navigating Conflict in Wikimedia Projects&quot;. You can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Learning Clinic %E2%80%93 Understanding and Navigating Conflict in Wikimedia Projects (Part_1)|register now]] to attend.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Hackathon 2025|2025 Wikimedia Hackathon]], which brings the global technical community together to connect, brainstorm, and hack existing projects, will take place from May 2 to 4th, 2025, at Istanbul, Turkey.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/18|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W18&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:31, 28 April 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-19 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W19&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/19|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has shared the latest draft update to their [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|annual plan]] for next year (July 2025–June 2026). This includes an [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|executive summary]] (also on [[diffblog:2025/04/25/sharing-the-wikimedia-foundations-2025-2026-draft-annual-plan/|Diff]]), details about the three main [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals|goals]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Infrastructure]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Volunteer Support|Volunteer Support]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Goals/Effectiveness|Effectiveness]]), [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Global Trends|global trends]], and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Budget Overview|budget]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026/Financial Model|financial model]]. Feedback and questions are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|talk page]] until the end of May.

'''Updates for editors'''
* For wikis that have the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|CampaignEvents extension enabled]], two new feature improvements have been released:
** Admins can now choose which namespaces are permitted for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] via [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Community Configuration|Community Configuration]] ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Permitted namespaces|documentation]]). The default setup is for event registration to be permitted in the Event namespace, but other namespaces (such as the project namespace or WikiProject namespace) can now be added. With this change, communities like WikiProjects can now more easily use Event Registration for their collaborative activities.
** Editors can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Transclusion|transclude]] the Collaboration List on a wiki page ([[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Collaboration list/Transclusion|documentation]]). The Collaboration List is an automated list of events and WikiProjects on the wikis, accessed via {{#special:AllEvents}} ([[w:en:Special:AllEvents|example]]). Now, the Collaboration List can be added to all sorts of wiki pages, such as: a wiki mainpage, a WikiProject page, an affiliate page, an event page, or even a user page.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Developers who use the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;moment&lt;/code&gt; library in gadgets and user scripts should revise their code to use alternatives like the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;Intl&lt;/code&gt; library or the new &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mediawiki.DateFormatter&lt;/code&gt; library. The &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;moment&lt;/code&gt; library has been deprecated and will begin to log messages in the developer console. You can see a global search for current uses, and [[phab:T392532|ask related questions in this Phabricator task]].
* Developers who maintain a tool that queries the Wikidata term store tables (&lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space: nowrap;&quot;&gt;wbt_*&lt;/code&gt;) need to update their code to connect to a separate database cluster. These tables are being split into a separate database cluster. Tools that query those tables via the wiki replicas must be adapted to connect to the new cluster instead. [[wikitech:News/2025 Wikidata term store database split|Documentation and related links are available]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T390954]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.44/wmf.28|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The latest [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates|Chart Project newsletter]] is available. It includes updates on preparing to expand the deployment to additional wikis as soon as this week (starting May 6) and scaling up over the following weeks, plus exploring filtering and transforming source data.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/19|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W19&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:14, 6 May 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-20 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W20&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/20|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|&quot;Get shortened URL&quot;]] link on the sidebar now includes a [[phab:T393309|QR code]]. Wikimedia site users can now use it by scanning or downloading it to quickly share and access shared content from Wikimedia sites, conveniently.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation is working on a system called [[m:Edge Uniques|Edge Uniques]], which will enable [[w:en:A/B testing|A/B testing]], help protect against [[w:en:Denial-of-service attack|distributed denial-of-service attacks]] (DDoS attacks), and make it easier to understand how many visitors the Wikimedia sites have. This is to help more efficiently build tools which help readers, and make it easier for readers to find what they are looking for. Tech News has [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/16|previously written about this]]. The deployment will be gradual. Some might see the Edge Uniques cookie the week of 19 May. You can discuss this on the [[m:Talk:Edge Uniques|talk page]].
* Starting May 19, 2025, Event organisers in wikis with the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] enabled can use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] in the project namespace (e.g., Wikipedia namespace, Wikidata namespace). With this change, communities don't need admins to use the feature. However, wikis that don't want this change can remove and add the permitted namespaces at [[Special:CommunityConfiguration/CampaignEvents]].
* The Wikipedia project now has a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q36720|Nupe]] ([[w:nup:|&lt;code&gt;w:nup:&lt;/code&gt;]]). This is a language primarily spoken in the North Central region of Nigeria. Speakers of this language are invited to contribute to [[w:nup:Tatacin feregi|new Wikipedia]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Developers can now access pre-parsed Dutch Wikipedia, amongst others (English, German, French, Spanish, Italian, and Portuguese) through the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/docs/snapshot/#structured-contents-snapshot-bundle-info-beta Structured Contents snapshots (beta)]. The content includes parsed Wikipedia abstracts, descriptions, main images, infoboxes, article sections, and references.
* The &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;/page/data-parsoid&lt;/code&gt; REST API endpoint is no longer in use and will be deprecated. It is [[phab:T393557|scheduled to be turned off]] on June 7, 2025.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.1|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/wiki/News/2025_Cloud_VPS_VXLAN_IPv6_migration IPv6 support] is a newly introduced Cloud virtual network that significantly boosts Wikimedia platforms' scalability, security, and readiness for the future. If you are a technical contributor eager to learn more, check out [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2025/05/06/wikimedia-cloud-vps-ipv6-support/ this blog post] for an in-depth look at the journey to IPv6.

'''Meetings and events'''
* The 2nd edition of 2025 of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Afrika Baraza|Afrika Baraza]], a virtual platform for African Wikimedians to connect, will take place on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1747328400 May 15 at 17:00 UTC]. This edition will focus on discussions regarding [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2025-2026|Wikimedia Annual planning and progress]].
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MENA Connect Community Call|MENA Connect Community Call]], a virtual meeting for [[w:en:Middle East and North Africa|MENA]] Wikimedians to connect, will take place on [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1747501200 May 17 at 17:00 UTC]. You can [[m:Event:MENA Connect (Wiki_Diwan) APP Call|register now]] to attend.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/20|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W20&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:37, 12 May 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-21 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W21&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/21|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Editing Team and the Machine Learning Team are working on a new check for newcomers: [[mw:Edit check/Peacock check|Peacock check]]. Using a prediction model, this check will encourage editors to improve the tone of their edits, using artificial intelligence. We invite volunteers to review the first version of the Peacock language model for the following languages: Arabic, Spanish, Portuguese, English, and Japanese. Users from these wikis interested in reviewing this model are [[mw:Edit check/Peacock check/model test|invited to sign up at MediaWiki.org]]. The deadline to sign up is on May 23, which will be the start date of the test.

'''Updates for editors'''

* From May 20, 2025, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Oversight policy|oversighters]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Meta:CheckUsers|checkusers]] will need to have their accounts secured with two-factor authentication (2FA) to be able to use their advanced rights. All users who belong to these two groups and do not have 2FA enabled have been informed. In the future, this requirement may be extended to other users with advanced rights. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|Learn more]].
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]]  [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|Multiblocks]] will begin mass deployment by the end of the month: all non-Wikipedia projects plus Catalan Wikipedia will adopt Multiblocks in the week of May 26, while all other Wikipedias will adopt it in the week of June 2. Please [[m:Talk:Community Wishlist Survey 2023/Multiblocks|contact the team]] if you have concerns. Administrators can test the new user interface now on your own wiki by browsing to [{{fullurl:Special:Block|usecodex=1}} {{#special:Block}}?usecodex=1], and can test the full multiblocks functionality [[testwiki:Special:Block|on testwiki]]. Multiblocks is the feature that makes it possible for administrators to impose different types of blocks on the same user at the same time. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manage blocks|help page]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T377121]
* Later this week, the [[{{#special:SpecialPages}}]] listing of almost all special pages will be updated with a new design. This page has been [[phab:T219543|redesigned]] to improve the user experience in a few ways, including: The ability to search for names and aliases of the special pages, sorting, more visible marking of restricted special pages, and a more mobile-friendly look. The new version can be [https://meta.wikimedia.beta.wmflabs.org/wiki/Special:SpecialPages previewed] at Beta Cluster now, and feedback shared in the task. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T219543]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Chart extension]] is being enabled on more wikis. For a detailed list of when the extension will be enabled on your wiki, please read the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project#Deployment Timeline|deployment timeline]].
* [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Main Page|Wikifunctions]] will be deployed on May 27 on five Wiktionaries: [[wikt:ha:|Hausa]], [[wikt:ig:|Igbo]], [[wikt:bn:|Bengali]], [[wikt:ml:|Malayalam]], and [[wikt:dv:|Dhivehi/Maldivian]]. This is the second batch of deployment planned for the project. After deployment, the projects will be able to call [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Introduction|functions from Wikifunctions]] and integrate them in their pages. A function is something that takes one or more inputs and transforms them into a desired output, such as adding up two numbers, converting miles into metres, calculating how much time has passed since an event, or declining a word into a case. Wikifunctions will allow users to do that through a simple call of [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Catalogue|a stable and global function]], rather than via a local template.
* Later this week, the Wikimedia Foundation will publish a hub for [[diffblog:2024/07/09/on-the-value-of-experimentation/|experiments]]. This is to showcase and get user feedback on product experiments. The experiments help the Wikimedia movement [[diffblog:2023/07/13/exploring-paths-for-the-future-of-free-knowledge-new-wikipedia-chatgpt-plugin-leveraging-rich-media-social-apps-and-other-experiments/|understand new users]], how they interact with the internet and how it could affect the Wikimedia movement. Some examples are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences/Generated Video|generated video]], the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences/Roblox game|Wikipedia Roblox speedrun game]] and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Future Audiences/Discord bot|the Discord bot]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:29}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:29|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a bug with creating an account using the API, which has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T390751]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Gadgets and user scripts that interact with [[{{#special:Block}}]] may need to be updated to work with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manage blocks|manage blocks interface]]. Please review the [[mw:Help:Manage blocks/Developers|developer guide]] for more information. If you need help or are unable to adapt your script to the new interface, please let the team know on the [[mw:Help talk:Manage blocks/Developers|talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T377121]
* The &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mw.title&lt;/code&gt; object allows you to get information about a specific wiki page in the [[w:en:Wikipedia:Lua|Lua]] programming language. Starting this week, a new property will be added to the object, named &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;isDisambiguationPage&lt;/code&gt;. This property allows you to check if a page is a disambiguation page, without the need to write a custom function. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T71441]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|15px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] User script developers can use a [[toolforge:gitlab-content|new reverse proxy tool]] to load javascript and css from [[gitlab:|gitlab.wikimedia.org]] with &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mw.loader.load&lt;/code&gt;. The tool's author hopes this will enable collaborative development workflows for user scripts including linting, unit tests, code generation, and code review on &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;gitlab.wikimedia.org&lt;/bdi&gt; without a separate copy-and-paste step to publish scripts to a Wikimedia wiki for integration and acceptance testing. See [[wikitech:Tool:Gitlab-content|Tool:Gitlab-content on Wikitech]] for more information.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.2|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The 12th edition of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Workshop 2025|Wiki Workshop 2025]], a forum that brings together researchers that explore all aspects of Wikimedia projects, will be held virtually on 21-22 May. Researchers can [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/wikiworkshop2025/ register now].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/21|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W21&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:12, 19 May 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-22 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W22&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/22|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* A community-wide discussion about a very delicate issue for the development of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia|Abstract Wikipedia]] is now open on Meta: where to store the abstract content that will be developed through functions from Wikifunctions and data from Wikidata. The discussion is open until June 12 at [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content|Abstract Wikipedia/Location of Abstract Content]], and every opinion is welcomed. The decision will be made and communicated after the consultation period by the Foundation.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Since last week, on all wikis except [[phab:T388604|the largest 20]], people using the mobile visual editor will have [[phab:T385851|additional tools in the menu bar]], accessed using the new &lt;code&gt;+&lt;/code&gt; toolbar button. To start, the new menu will include options to add: citations, hieroglyphs, and code blocks. Deployment to the remaining wikis is [[phab:T388605|scheduled]] to happen in June.
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] The &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserFunctions##ifexist|#ifexist]]&lt;/code&gt; parser function will no longer register a link to its target page. This will improve the usefulness of [[{{#special:WantedPages}}]], which will eventually only list pages that are the target of an actual red link. This change will happen gradually as the source pages are updated. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T14019]
* This week, the Moderator Tools team will launch [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|a new filter to Recent Changes]], starting at Indonesian Wikipedia. This new filter highlights edits that are likely to be reverted. The goal is to help Recent Changes patrollers identify potentially problematic edits. Other wikis will benefit from this filter in the future.
* Upon clicking an empty search bar, logged-out users will see suggestions of articles for further reading. The feature will be available on both desktop and mobile. Readers of Catalan, Hebrew, and Italian Wikipedias and some sister projects will receive the change between May 21 and mid-June. Readers of other wikis will receive the change later. The goal is to encourage users to read the wikis more. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments/Search Suggestions|Learn more]].
* Some users of the Wikipedia Android app can use a new feature for readers, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/TrivaGame|WikiGames]], a daily trivia game based on real historical events. The release has started as an A/B test, available to 50% of users in the following languages: English, French, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, and Turkish.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Newsletter|Newsletter extension]] that is available on MediaWiki.org allows the creation of [[mw:Special:Newsletters|various newsletters]] for global users. The extension can now publish new issues as section links on an existing page, instead of requiring a new page for each issue. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T393844]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The previously deprecated &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Ipblocks table|ipblocks]]&lt;/code&gt; views in [[wikitech:Help:Wiki Replicas|Wiki Replicas]] will be removed in the beginning of June. Users are encouraged to query the new &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block table|block]]&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block target table|block_target]]&lt;/code&gt; views instead.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.3|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Wikidata and Sister Projects|Wikidata and Sister Projects]] is a multi-day online event that will focus on how Wikidata is integrated to Wikipedia and the other Wikimedia projects. The event runs from May 29 – June 1. You can [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Wikidata and Sister Projects#Sessions|read the Program schedule]] and [[d:Special:RegisterForEvent/1291|register]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/22|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W22&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:04, 26 May 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-23 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W23&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/23|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Chart extension]] is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. Editors can use this new extension to create interactive data visualizations like bar, line, area, and pie charts. Charts are designed to replace many of the uses of the legacy [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Graph|Graph extension]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* It is now easier to configure automatic citations for your wiki within the visual editor's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid/Enabling Citoid on your wiki|citation generator]]. Administrators can now set a default template by using the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;_default&lt;/code&gt; key in the local &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[MediaWiki:Citoid-template-type-map.json]]&lt;/bdi&gt; page ([[mw:Special:Diff/6969653/7646386|example diff]]). Setting this default will also help to future-proof your existing configurations when [[phab:T347823|new item types]] are added in the future. You can still set templates for individual item types as they will be preferred to the default template. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T384709]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Starting the week of June 2, bots logging in using &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;action=login&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;action=clientlogin&lt;/code&gt; will fail more often. This is because of stronger protections against suspicious logins. Bots using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Bot passwords|bot passwords]] or using a loginless authentication method such as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/Owner-only consumers|OAuth]] are not affected. If your bot is not using one of those, you should update it; using &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;action=login&lt;/code&gt; without a bot password was deprecated [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/3EEMN7VQX5G7WMQI5K2GP5JC2336DPTD/|in 2016]]. For most bots, this only requires changing what password the bot uses. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395205]
* From this week, Wikimedia wikis will allow ES2017 features in JavaScript code for official code, gadgets, and user scripts. The most visible feature of ES2017 is &lt;bdi lang=&quot;zxx&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;code&gt;async&lt;/code&gt;/&lt;code&gt;await&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/bdi&gt; syntax, allowing for easier-to-read code. Until this week, the platform only allowed up to ES2016, and a few months before that, up to ES2015. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381537]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.4|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* Scholarship applications to participate in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM Wiki 2025|GLAM Wiki Conference 2025]] are now open. The conference will take place from 30 October to 1 November, in Lisbon, Portugal. GLAM contributors who lack the means to support their participation can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/GLAM Wiki 2025/Scholarships|apply here]]. Scholarship applications close on June 7th.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/23|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W23&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:54, 2 June 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=28819186 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2025-24 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W24&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/24|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product|Trust and Safety Product team]] is finalizing work needed to roll out [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] on large Wikipedias later this month. The team has worked with stewards and other users with extended rights to predict and address many use cases that may arise on larger wikis, so that community members can continue to effectively moderate and patrol temporary accounts. This will be the second of three phases of deployment – the last one will take place in September at the earliest. For more information about the recent developments on the project, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Updates|see this update]]. If you have any comments or questions, write on the [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|talk page]], and [[m:Event:CEE Catch up Nr. 10 (June 2025)|join a CEE Catch Up]] this Tuesday.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist expiry|watchlist expiry]] feature allows editors to watch pages for a limited period of time. After that period, the page is automatically removed from your watchlist. Starting this week, you can set a preference for the default period of time to watch pages. The [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-watchlist-pageswatchlist|preferences]] also allow you to set different default watch periods for editing existing pages, pages you create, and when using rollback. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T265716]
[[File:Talk pages default look (April 2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]]
* The appearance of talk pages will change at almost all Wikipedias ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2024/19|some]] have already received this design change, [[phab:T379264|a few]] will get these changes later). You can read details about the changes [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|on ''Diff'']]. It is possible to opt out of these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing-discussion|in user preferences]] (&quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}&quot;). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T319146][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T392121]
* Users with specific extended rights (including administrators, bureaucrats, checkusers, oversighters, and stewards) can now have IP addresses of all temporary accounts [[phab:T358853|revealed automatically]] during time-limited periods where they need to combat high-speed account-hopping vandalism. This feature was requested by stewards. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386492]
* This week, the Moderator Tools and Machine Learning teams will continue the rollout of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|a new filter to Recent Changes]], releasing it to several more Wikipedias. This filter utilizes the Revert Risk model, which was created by the Research team, to highlight edits that are likely to be reverted and help Recent Changes patrollers identify potentially problematic contributions. The feature will be rolled out to the following Wikipedias: {{int:project-localized-name-afwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-bnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cywiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hawwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-iswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-simplewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}. The rollout will continue in the coming weeks to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|the rest of the Wikipedias in this project]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391964]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* AbuseFilter editors active on Meta-Wiki and large Wikipedias are kindly asked to update AbuseFilter to make it compatible with temporary accounts. A link to the instructions and the private lists of filters needing verification are [[phab:T369611|available on Phabricator]].
* Lua modules now have access to the name of a page's associated thumbnail image, and on [https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/g/operations/mediawiki-config/+/2e4ab14aa15bb95568f9c07dd777065901eb2126/wmf-config/InitialiseSettings.php#10849 some wikis] to the WikiProject assessment information. This is possible using two new properties on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#added-by-extensions|mw.title objects]], named &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;pageImage&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;pageAssessments&lt;/code&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T131911][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380122]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.5|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/24|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W24&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:16, 10 June 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-25 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W25&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/25|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* You can [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/359761?lang=en nominate your favorite tools] for the sixth edition of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|Coolest Tool Award]]. Nominations are anonymous and will be open until June 25. You can re-use the survey to nominate multiple tools.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:33}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:33|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.6|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* Foundation staff and technical volunteers use Wikimedia APIs to build the tools, applications, features, and integrations that enhance user experiences. Over the coming years, the MediaWiki Interfaces team will be investing in Wikimedia web (HTTP) APIs to better serve technical volunteer needs and protect Wikimedia infrastructure from potential abuse. You can [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2025/06/12/apis-as-a-product-investing-in-the-current-and-next-generation-of-technical-contributors/ read more about their plans to evolve the APIs in this Techblog post].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/25|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W25&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:38, 16 June 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-26 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W26&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/26|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* This week, the Moderator Tools and Machine Learning teams will continue the rollout of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|a new filter to Recent Changes]], releasing it to the third and last batch of Wikipedias. This filter utilizes the Revert Risk model, which was created by the Research team, to highlight edits that are likely to be reverted and help Recent Changes patrollers identify potentially problematic contributions. The feature will be rolled out to the following Wikipedias: {{int:project-localized-name-azwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-lawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mkwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-mrwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nnwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-pawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-swwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-tlwiki/en}}. The rollout will continue in the coming weeks to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/2025 RecentChanges Language Agnostic Revert Risk Filtering|the rest of the Wikipedias in this project]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391964]

'''Updates for editors'''
* Last week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] were rolled out on Czech, Korean, and Turkish Wikipedias. This and next week, deployments on larger Wikipedias will follow. [[mw:Talk:Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|Share your thoughts]] about the project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T340001]
* Later this week, the Editing team will release [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Multi check|Multi Check]] to all Wikipedias (except English Wikipedia). This feature shows multiple [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Reference check|Reference checks]] within the editing experience. This encourages users to add citations when they add multiple new paragraphs to a Wikipedia article. This feature was previously available as an A/B test. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/multi_check_ab_test_report_final.html#summary-of-results The test shows] that users who are shown multiple checks are 1.3 times more likely to add a reference to their edit, and their edit is less likely to be reverted (-34.7%). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395519]
* A few pages need to be renamed due to software updates and to match more recent Unicode standards. All of these changes are related to title-casing changes. Approximately 71 pages and 3 files will be renamed, across 15 wikis; the complete list is in [[phab:T396903|the task]]. The developers will rename these pages next week, and they will fix redirects and embedded file links a few minutes later via a system settings update.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that had caused pages to scroll upwards when text near the top was selected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T364023]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Editors can now use Lua modules to filter and transform tabular data for use with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart|Extension:Chart]]. This can be used for things like selecting a subset of rows or columns from the source data, converting between units, statistical processing, and many other useful transformations. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Transforms|Information on how to use transforms is available]]. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Chart/Project/Updates]
* The &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;all_links&lt;/code&gt; variable in [[Special:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilter]] is now renamed to &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;new_links&lt;/code&gt; for consistency with other variables. Old usages will still continue to work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391811]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.7|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Newsletters/34|Growth newsletter]] is available. It includes: the recent updates for the &quot;Add a Link&quot; Task, two new Newcomer Engagement Features, and updates to Community Configuration.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/26|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W26&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:21, 23 June 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-27 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W27&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/27|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] has been enabled on all Wikipedias. The extension makes it easier to organize and participate in collaborative activities, like edit-a-thons and WikiProjects, on the wikis. The extension has three features: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaboration list|Collaboration List]], and [[m:Campaigns/Foundation Product Team/Invitation list|Invitation List]]. To request the extension for your wiki, visit the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status#How to Request the CampaignEvents Extension for your wiki|Deployment information page]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* AbuseFilter maintainers can now [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:IPReputation/AbuseFilter variables|match against IP reputation data]] in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter|AbuseFilters]]. IP reputation data is information about the proxies and VPNs associated with the user's IP address. This data is not shown publicly and is not generated for actions performed by registered accounts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T354599]
* Hidden content that is within [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Collapsible elements|collapsible parts of wikipages]] will now be revealed when someone searches the page using the web browser's &quot;Find in page&quot; function (Ctrl+F or ⌘F) in supporting browsers. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T327893][https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Global_attributes/hidden#browser_compatibility]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new feature, called [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData/Template discovery|Favourite Templates]], will be deployed later this week on all projects (except English Wikipedia, which will receive the feature next week), following a piloting phase on Polish and Arabic Wikipedia, and Italian and English Wikisource. The feature will provide a better way for new and experienced contributors to recall and discover templates via the template dialog, by allowing users to put templates on a special &quot;favourite list&quot;. The feature works with both the visual editor and the wikitext editor. The feature is a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|community wishlist focus area]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that had caused some Notifications to be sent multiple times. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T397103]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.8|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/27|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W27&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:40, 30 June 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-28 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W28&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/28|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Temporary accounts|Temporary accounts]] have been rolled out on 18 large and medium-sized Wikipedias, including German, Japanese, French, and Chinese. Now, about 1/3 of all logged-out activity across wikis is coming from temporary accounts. Users involved in patrolling may be interested in two new documentation pages: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Access to IP|Access to IP]], explaining everything related to access to temporary account IP addresses, and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts/Repository|Repository]] with a list of new gadgets and user scripts.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Anyone can play an experimental new game, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/New Engagement Experiments/WikiRun|WikiRun]], that lets you race through Wikipedia by clicking from one article to another, aiming to reach a target page in as few steps and in as little time as possible. The project's goal is to explore new ways of engaging readers. [https://wikirun-game.toolforge.org/ Try playing the game] and let the team know what you think [[mw:Talk:New Engagement Experiments/WikiRun|on the talk page]].
* Users of the Wikipedia Android app in some languages can now play the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/TrivaGame|trivia game]]. ''Which came first?'' is a simple history game where you guess which of two events happened earlier on today's date. It was previously available as an A/B test. It is now available to all users in English, German, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Russian, Arabic, Turkish, and Chinese. The goal of the feature is to help engage with new generations of readers. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/22]
* Users of the iOS Wikipedia App in some languages may see a new tabbed browsing feature that enables you to open multiple tabs while reading. This feature makes it easier to explore related topics and switch between articles. The A/B test is currently running in Arabic, English, and Japanese in selected regions. More details are available on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Tabbed Browsing (Tabs)|Tabbed Browsing project page]].
* Bureaucrats on Wikimedia wikis can now use [[{{#special:VerifyOATHForUser}}]] to check if users have enabled [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T265726]
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] A new feature related to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|Template Recall and Discovery]] will be deployed later this week to all Wikimedia projects: a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData/Template discovery#Template categories|template category browser]] will be introduced to assist users in finding templates to put in their “favourite” list. The browser will allow users to browse a list of templates which have been organised into a given category tree. The feature has been requested by the community [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Wishes/Select templates by categories|through the Community Wishlist]].
* It is now possible to access watchlist preferences from the watchlist page. Also the redundant button to edit the watchlist has been removed. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Moderator_Tools/Watchlist]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* As part of [[mw:MediaWiki_1.44|MediaWiki 1.44]] there is now a unified built-in Notifications system that makes it easier for developers to send, manage, and customize notifications. Check out the updated documentation at [[mw:Manual:Notifications|Manual:Notifications]], information about migration in [[phab:T388663|T388663]] and details on deprecated hooks in [[phab:T389624|T389624]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.9|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Event:WikidataCon 2025|WikidataCon 2025]], the conference dedicated to Wikidata is now open for [https://pretalx.com/wikidatacon-2025/cfp session proposals] and for [[d:Special:RegisterForEvent/1340|registration]]. This year's event will be held online from October 31 – November 02 and will explore on the theme of &quot;Connecting People through Linked Open Data&quot;.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/28|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W28&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:05, 8 July 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-29 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W29&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/29|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateData/Template discovery#Featured templates|Featured templates]], a new feature related to [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Focus areas/Template recall and discovery|Template Recall and Discovery]] will be deployed this week to all Wikimedia projects: With this feature, editors will be able to quickly access a list of templates that are likely to be useful. These templates will be displayed in a list, under the &quot;featured&quot; tab of the template discovery interface. Administrators can define the list via the Community Configuration interface. The feature fulfills a request by the community [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Wishes/Easy access Templates|through the Community Wishlist]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T367428][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T392896]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the request to add Malayalam fonts in the [[oldWikisource:Special:MyLanguage/Wikisource:WS Export|Wikisource Book Export Tool]] was resolved and now, the rendering of Malayalam letters in exported Wikisource books are accurate. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T374457]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* Developers, designers, and all Wikimedians are invited to [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/7953/ submit a project idea] for the Wikimania Hackathon 2025. Read [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2025/06/30/call-for-projects-wikimania-hackathon-2025-is-coming-to-nairobi/ this Diff blog post] for more details.

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[m:WikiIndaba conference 2025|WikiIndaba 2025]] scholarship application and program submission is open until 23:59 GMT on July 20. WikiIndaba is a regional conference for African Wikimedians both on the continent and in the diaspora to unite and grow together. Submit [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdJTv68R1OPASXXDfpIl8EWiMLTM-TDwh6_5gNVvFuWccFZ2Q/viewform your scholarship application] and [https://ee.kobotoolbox.org/x/BI3omIfH program proposal] now!
* [https://br.wikimedia.org/wiki/WikiCon_Brasil_2025 WikiCon Brasil 2025] will take place on July 19-20 in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The Brazilian community members are encouraged to register and attend!

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/29|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W29&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:09, 14 July 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-30 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W30&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/30|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Translation Suggestions feature in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Content translation|Content Translation tool]] now has another level of article filters added to the &quot;[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;filter-type=automatic&amp;filter-id=previous-edits&amp;active-list=suggestions&amp;from=en&amp;to=fi#/ ... More]&quot; category. Translators who use the Suggestions feature can now select and receive article suggestions that are customized to geographical locations of their interest using the new &quot;{{int:Cx-sx-suggestions-filters-tab-regions}}&quot; filter. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T113257]
* Administrators can now limit &quot;Add a Link&quot; to newcomers. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|&quot;Add a Link&quot;]] Structured Task [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Growth/Constructive activation experimentation#Enwiki A/B test &amp; &quot;Add a Link&quot; Improvements (Wiki Experiences 1.2.11 &amp; 1.2.16)|helps new account holders start editing]], but some communities have requested the ability to restrict it to its intended audience: newcomers. Administrators can configure this setting within the [[Special:CommunityConfiguration/GrowthSuggestedEdits|Community Configuration]] feature.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:29}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:29|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* For AbuseFilter editors on [[phab:T392144|some wikis]], it is now possible to filter edits based on the RevertRisk score of the edit being attempted. It is only populated if the action being evaluated is an edit. For more information, please see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ORES/AbuseFilter variables#What variables are available for use|ORES/AbuseFilter variables]] documentation.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Beta Cluster|Beta Cluster]] wikis have [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/YDABPV75LADRQCXMJAFWUP256N4EQ25B/|been moved]] from &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;beta.wmflabs.org&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;beta.wmcloud.org&lt;/code&gt;. Users may need to update URLs in any tools, or in their password managers. Any related issues can be [[phab:T289318|reported in the task]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.11|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WikiCite 2025|WikiCite 2025]] will take place from 29–31 August, both online and in-person in Bern, Switzerland. The event's goals are to reconnect communities, institutions, and individuals working with open citations, bibliographic data, and the Wikidata/Wikibase ecosystem. Registration is open and the call for proposals will be announced soon. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikidata@lists.wikimedia.org/message/KQZUG3ETKLBWPBYSB2YAWZIRPWHS24TG/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/30|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W30&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:42, 21 July 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29005283 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2025-31 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W31&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/31|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Community Tech team will be focusing on wishes related to Watchlists and Recent Changes pages, over the next few months. They are looking for feedback. Please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates#July 24, 2025: Watchlists and Recent Changes pages|read the latest update]], and if you have ideas, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist|submit a wish]] on the topic.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Wikimedia Commons community has decided to block [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Upload dialog|cross-wiki uploads]] to Wikimedia Commons, for all users without autoconfirmed rights on that wiki, starting on August 16. This is because of [[:c:Commons:Cross-wiki media upload tool/History|widespread problems]] related to files that are uploaded by newcomers. Users who are affected by this will get an error message with a link to the less restrictive UploadWizard on Commons. Please help translating the [[:c:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki:Abusefilter-disallowed-cross-wiki-upload|message]] or give feedback on the message text. Please also update your local help pages to explain this restriction. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T370598]
* On wikis with temporary accounts enabled and Meta-Wiki, administrators may now set up a footer for the Special:Contributions pages of temporary accounts, similar to those which can be shown on IP and user-account pages. They may do it by creating the page named &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Sp-contributions-footer-temp&lt;/code&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398347]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.12|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Wikimania|Wikimania 2025]] will run from August 6–9. The [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/schedule/ program is available] for you to plan which sessions you want to attend. Most sessions will be live-streamed, with exceptions for those that show the &quot;no camera&quot; icon. If you are joining online to watch live-streams and use the interactive features, please [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Registration|register]] for a free virtual ticket. For example, you may be interested in technical sessions such as:
** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/KFEFVG/ Temporary Accounts: Enhancing privacy for our unregistered editors]
** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/TVCVAB/ Building a Sustainable Future for Wikimedia Contributors]
** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/WTRQCJ/ A dozen visions for wikitext!]
** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/8YKKP9/ Coordinate Across Stakeholders with the Product and Technology Advisory Council]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Fall 2025|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Fall 2025]] will be held 28–30 October 2025 in Hanover, Germany. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/31|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W31&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:26, 29 July 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29051727 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2025-32 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W32&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/32|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Editors can now enable the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/User Info|User Info card]]. This feature adds an icon next to usernames on history pages and similar user-contribution log pages. When you tap or click on the icon, it displays data related to that user account such as the number of edits, reverted edits, blocks, and more. It's part of a broader project to make it easier for moderators to evaluate account trustworthiness. The feature can be enabled in [[testwiki:Special:GlobalPreferences#mw-prefsection-rendering|your global preferences]], and later this week it will be available in local preferences. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T386439]
* Everybody is invited to share comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|Collaborative Contributions]], a project recently launched by the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Connection Team|Connection team]]. The project aims to create a new way to display the impact of collaborative editing activities (such as edit-a-thons, backlog drives, and WikiProjects) on the wikis. Post your comments on the [[m:Talk:CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|project talk page]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378035]
* Administrators can now define the default block duration for temporary accounts. To do that, they need to create a page named &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Ipb-default-expiry-temporary-account&lt;/code&gt; and use a value defined in &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Ipboptions&lt;/code&gt;. This allows administrators to easily block temporary accounts for 90 days, which is functionally equivalent to an indefinite block. The advantage of this solution is that it does not clutter Special:BlockList. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Block and unblock#Default block duration options|More documentation]] is available. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398626]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Gadgets can now include &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;.vue&lt;/code&gt; files. This makes it easier to develop modern user interfaces using [[mw:Vue.js|Vue.js]], in particular using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Codex|Codex]], the official design system of Wikimedia. [[wmdoc:codex/latest/icons/overview.html|Codex icons]] can be loaded through the gadget definition. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Gadgets#Pages|The documentation]] has examples. For user scripts that use Vue.js, an [[mw:API:CodexIcons|API module]] now exists to load Codex icons. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T340460][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T311099]
* Module developers can now use a [[mw:Help:Extension:Translate/Message Bundles/Lua reference|Lua interface]] to simplify the preparation of Lua modules for translation on Meta-Wiki. This improvement makes it easier for translators to find and edit module strings without dealing with raw Lua code. It helps prevent mistakes that could break the module during translation. Module developers and translators are invited to [[commons:File:Translatable modules video demo July 2025.webm|watch the demo video]], read more about [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Translatable modules|translatable modules]] to understand how it works, refer to Meta-Wiki's [[m:Module:User Wikimedia project|Module:User Wikimedia project]] for example usage, and [[mw:Talk:Translatable modules|share their feedback]] on how well it addresses the challenges in their workflow. The interface still has some performance issues, so it should not be used in widely used modules yet. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T359918]
* Developers of external tools that connect to Wikimedia pages must set a user-agent that complies with [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Wikimedia Foundation User-Agent Policy|the user-agent policy]]. This policy will start to be more strongly enforced in August because of external crawlers that are [[diffblog:2025/04/01/how-crawlers-impact-the-operations-of-the-wikimedia-projects/|overusing]] Wikimedia's resources. Tools that are hosted on Wikimedia's Toolforge or Cloud VPS will not be affected by this for now, but should still set a user-agent. [[phab:T400119|More technical details are available]], and related questions are welcome in that task.
* Parsoid Read Views is going to be rolling out to some smaller Wikipedias over the next few weeks, following the successful transition of Wikivoyages and Wiktionaries to Parsoid Read Views. For more information, see the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parsoid/Parser Unification]] project page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/profile/7694/]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.13|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Wikimania|Wikimania 2025]] will run from August 6–9. The [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/schedule/ program is available] for you to plan which sessions you want to attend. Most sessions will be live-streamed, with exceptions for those that show the &quot;no camera&quot; icon. If you are joining online to watch live-streams and use the interactive features, please [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2025:Registration|register]] for a free virtual ticket. For example, you may be interested in technical sessions such as:
** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/GEH9DH/ Wikimedia’s knowledge infrastructure in a changing internet: Establishing sustainable pathways for content reuse]
** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/7ELN9Q/ Wikifunctions is coming soon to a wiki near you!]
** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/ZMGVJV/ Shaping the Future of Wikipedia’s Reader Experience]
** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/KCKTFZ/ Making Wikipedia More Readable: What Comes Next]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/32|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W32&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 03:40, 5 August 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29083927 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2025-33 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W33&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/33|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The WikiEditor toolbar now includes [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:WikiEditor#Keyboard shortcuts|its keyboard shortcuts]] in the tooltips for its buttons. This will help to improve the discoverability of this feature. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400583]
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] published a set of [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/August 2025 draft PTAC proposals for feedback|proposed experiments]] the Wikimedia Foundation can try to improve communication with community. Feedback on the proposals are welcomed until August 22 on [[m:Talk:Product and Technology Advisory Council/August 2025 draft PTAC proposals for feedback|this talk page]].
* The search bar on the Minerva skin (mobile) has been updated to use the same type-ahead search component that is used on the Vector 2022 skin. There are no changes in search functionality but there are minor visual changes. Specifically, the close-search button has been changed from an &quot;X&quot; to a back arrow. This helps to distinguish it from the other &quot;X&quot; button that is used to clear any text. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T393944]
* Editors on some wikis will see a new toggle for &quot;Group results by page&quot; on watchlist, related changes, and recent changes pages. This is [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Watchlist/Experiment|an A/B experiment]] that is planned to start on August 11, and will run for 3–6 weeks on the Bengali, Chinese, Czech, French, Greek, Portuguese, and Urdu Wikipedias. The experiment will examine how making this feature more discoverable might affect editors' ability to find the edits they are looking for. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T396789]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The multiwiki datasets of [[:wikt:en:Module:Unicode data|Unicode data]] have been moved to [[c:Category:Unicode Module Datasets|Category:Unicode Module Datasets]] on Wikimedia Commons, to follow the idea of &quot;One common data source, multiple local wikis&quot;. Most wikis have been updated to use the Commons version. You can ask questions at [[c:Category talk:Unicode Module Datasets|the talkpage]]. [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Module_talk:Unicode_data#Data_from_commons]
* Lua code can add warnings when something is wrong, by using the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;mw.addWarning()&lt;/code&gt; function. It is now possible to add more than one warning, instead of new warnings replacing old ones. If you maintain a Lua module that used warnings, you should check it still works as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398390]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.14|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/33|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W33&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:29, 11 August 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29106516 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2025-34 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W34&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/34|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Later this week, people who are logged-in and have the &quot;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary|Discussion tools]]&quot; [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|Beta Feature]] enabled will gain the ability to &quot;Thank&quot; individual comments directly from talk pages, rather than needing to navigate to page history. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary#Comment actions|Learn more about this feature]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400849]
* An A/B test comparing two versions of the desktop donate link launched on testwiki on 12 August and on English Wikipedia 14 August for 0.1% of logged out users on the desktop site. The experiment will run for three weeks, ending on 12 September. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395716]
* An A/A test to measure the baseline for reader retention was launched 12 August using [[wikitech:Experimentation Lab|Experimentation Lab]]. This measures the percentage of users who revisit a wiki after their initial visit over a 14-day period. No visual changes are expected. The experiment will run through 31 August. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399227]
* Five new wikis have been created:
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource/en}} in [[d:Q34057|Tagalog]] ([[s:tl:|&lt;code&gt;s:tl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T388639]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource/en}} in [[d:Q36213|Madurese]] ([[s:mad:|&lt;code&gt;s:mad:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T391747]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia/en}} in [[d:Q3450749|Rakhine]] ([[w:rki:|&lt;code&gt;w:rki:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T392490]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikibooks/en}} in [[d:Q13324|Minangkabau]] ([[b:min:|&lt;code&gt;b:min:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395452]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary/en}} in [[d:Q7598268|Standard Moroccan Amazigh]] ([[wikt:zgh:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:zgh:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399684]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:46}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:46|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.15|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/34|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W34&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:38, 19 August 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29127690 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2025-35 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W35&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/35|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Octicons-gift.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Template authors can now use additional CSS properties, since the CSS sanitizer used by [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:TemplateStyles|TemplateStyles]] was updated. For example: &lt;code&gt;width: fit-content&lt;/code&gt;; &lt;code&gt;ruby-align&lt;/code&gt;; relative units such as &lt;code&gt;lh&lt;/code&gt;; and custom strings in &lt;code&gt;list-style-type&lt;/code&gt;. These improvements are a [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Wishes/Allow use of modern CSS in templates by updating the TemplateStyles CSS sanitizer|Community Wishlist wish]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T271958][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T277755][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T293633][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T295088][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T326906][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T340057][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T360725][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T371809][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T375344][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T394619]
* On large wikis, the default time period to display edits from, within the Special:RecentChanges page, has been changed from 7 days to 1 day. This is part of a performance improvement project. This should have no user-facing impact due to the quantity of edits on these wikis. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399455]
* Administrators can now access the [[{{#special:BlockedExternalDomains}}]] page from the [[{{#special:CommunityConfiguration}}]] list page. This makes it easier to find. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T393240]
* Wikimedia Commons videos were not shown in the Videos tab in Google Search. The problem was investigated and reported to Google who have now fixed the issue. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T396168][https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Wishlist/Wishes/Do_something_about_Google_%26_DuckDuckGo_search_not_indexing_media_files_and_categories_on_Commons] 
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wiktionary/en}} in [[d:Q33014|Betawi]] ([[wikt:bew:|&lt;code&gt;wikt:bew:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402130]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:39}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:39|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Two fields of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Recentchanges table|recentchanges database table]] are being removed. &lt;code&gt;rc_new&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;rc_type&lt;/code&gt; are being removed in favor of &lt;code&gt;rc_source&lt;/code&gt;. Queries to these older fields will start to fail starting this week and developers should use &lt;code&gt;rc_source&lt;/code&gt; instead. These older fields were deprecated over 10 years ago and should not be in use. This is part of work to improve the performance and stability of queries to the recentchanges table. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400696] 
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.16|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The latest quarterly [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Newsletter/2025/July|Language and Internationalization Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: support for new languages in MediaWiki and translatewiki; the start of the Language Onboarding and Development project to help support the growth of new and small wikis; updates on research projects; and more.

'''Meetings and events'''
* The next [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Language and Product Localization/Community meetings#29 August 2025|Language Community Meeting]] is happening soon, August 29th at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1756479600 15:00 UTC]. This week's meeting will cover: the Avro keyboard developers from Wikimedia Bangladesh, who were recently awarded a national award for their contributions to this keyboard; and other topics. 

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/35|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W35&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 00:12, 26 August 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-36 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W36&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/36|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Editing team wants to compile a list of templates, jargon terms, and policies used in edit summaries when a copyright violation is removed. This will help them identify the number of edits reverted due to copyright issues. We invite community members from the following Wikis to list these terms in [[Phab:T402601|T402601]], or to share their list with [[User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek_(WMF)]]: {{int:project-localized-name-arwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-cswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-dewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-enwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-eswiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-fawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-frwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-hewiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-idwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-itwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-jawiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-kowiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-nlwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-plwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ptwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-trwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-ukwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-viwiki/en}}{{int:comma-separator/en}}{{int:project-localized-name-zhwiki/en}}. This project is open until September 9th 2025.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] has been enabled for all Wikisources. The extension makes it easier to organize and participate in collaborative activities, like edit-a-thons and WikiProjects, on the wikis. The extension has three features: [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]], [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaboration list|Collaboration List]], and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Connection Team/Invitation list|Invitation List]]. To request the extension for your wiki, visit the Deployment information page. [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/CampaignEvents/Deployment_status#How_to_Request_the_CampaignEvents_Extension_for_your_wiki]
* The lists in the footer of the editing interface, such as &quot;Templates used on this page,&quot; will now be organized into columns when there is enough space. This enhancement minimizes scrolling when editing lengthy articles on Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401066]
* On September 3rd, 2025 we will increase the sampling percentages of our [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Watchlist/Experiment#Scope of the experiment|group by toggle experiment]] of the &lt;code&gt;Special:RecentChanges&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;Special:Watchlist&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;Special:RelatedChanges&lt;/code&gt; pages on the Chinese, French, and Portuguese Wikipedias to 100 percent, allowing more editors to be part of this experiment. This adjustment is intended to ensure we have sufficient data to make informed decisions when evaluating the experiment results. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402958][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T396789]
* Upon clicking an empty search bar, logged-out users will see suggestions of articles for further reading on English Wikipedia beginning the week of September 22. The feature will be available on both desktop and mobile. All non-English wikis received this change in June and July. The goal is to make it easier for users to find articles. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Content Discovery Experiments/Search Suggestions|Learn more]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:37}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:37|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.17|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* Wikifunctions now has a new capability called &quot;lightweight enumeration types&quot;, an enumeration type is simply a fixed set of values that's in the type's definition. This capability makes it quick and easy to define such a type, and allows for the reuse of values that are already present in Wikidata. Here is [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-07-19|a newsletter]] to learn more.
* The latest [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Newsletter updates#August 2025: Newsletter #1|Readers Newsletter]] is now available. This edition includes: the formation of two new teams — Reader Growth and Reader Experience; insights into declining pageviews and account creations; highlights from the Wikimania Nairobi panel on improving the reading experience; upcoming experiments to engage new and existing readers; and more.

'''Meetings and events'''
* Spotlight on some Wikimania 2025 Sessions:
** Identifying AI-generated text by searching for ISBNs whose checksums fail: Mathias Schindler of WMDE [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dw9o8Lsl974&amp;t=15910s shared tools to help communities search for these].
** [https://wikimedia.eventyay.com/talk/wikimania2025/talk/TCHZKH/ La durabilité du mouvement Wikimedia face aux défis actuels et futurs]: This session explored how Wikimedia can stay a trusted source of knowledge in the age of generative AI, information overload, and disinformation.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/36|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W36&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:50, 1 September 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-37 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W37&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/37|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Editing team is working on a new check: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Paste check|Paste check]]. This check informs newcomers who paste text into Wikipedia that the content might not be accepted. This check is an effort to increase the likelihood that the new content people are adding to Wikipedia is aligned with the Movement's commitment to offering information under a free content license. This check will soon be tested at a few wikis. If your community is interested in this test, please [[phab:T403680|tell us in this task]], or [[mw:Talk:Edit check|contact the team]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] Later this week, users of the &quot;{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}&quot; [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] will be able to use a [[w:en:Lint (software)|linting tool]] to see errors or other potential problems in wikitext in real time. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Linting|help page for more information]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381577]
* [[File:Octicons-tools.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Advanced item]] When browsing a wiki (like &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;en.wikipedia.org&lt;/code&gt;), the software responds in one of two ways: a desktop page, or a redirect to a mobile version on an &quot;m&quot; domain (like &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;en.m.wikipedia.org&lt;/code&gt;). Over the next three weeks, MediaWiki will start displaying the mobile version to mobile devices directly on the standard domain, without this redirect. This change does not affect existing m-dot URLs, or the &quot;Desktop view&quot; opt-out. [[mw:Requests for comment/Mobile domain sunsetting/2025 Announcement|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T214998]
* When an edit changes the categories of a page, the changes to the category membership counts are now happening asynchronously. This improves the speed of saving edits, especially when moving many pages to or from the same category, and reduces the risk of site outages, but it means that the counts can show outdated information for a few minutes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T365303] 
* Edits on Wikidata to qualifiers (properties and values) and references (properties and values) in a Wikidata item statement will now not add entries to the RecentChanges or Watchlist pages on all other Wikis. This is a temporary change to improve performance while other solutions are created. Wikidata's own pages remain unchanged. [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Reduce change propagation noise#Phase 1: Turn off (temporarily) Qualifiers and References Wikidata edits to the Recent Changes tables|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401286][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400698]
* Japanese-language wikis have had a major upgrade to the way that search works. The new search should generally give more accurate and more relevant search results. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T318269]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.18|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/37|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W37&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 01:14, 9 September 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Quiddity (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29238161 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2025-38 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W38&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/38|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* References lists that are made using the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;references/&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Cite#references-tag|tag]] will now automatically display with columns in Vector 2022 when readers are using its 'standard' settings for text-size and page-width. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334941]
* Starting in the week of October 6, on [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/small.dblist|small wikis]] and [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/medium.dblist|medium wikis]] that have the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] enabled, all autoconfirmed users will be able to use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] as an organizer. No changes will be made for [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/large.dblist|large wikis]] unless requested in Phabricator. This change is being made to make it easier for more people to use Event Registration, especially on wikis that are less likely to have policies related to the Event Organizer right. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Proposal to grant autoconfirmed users on small and medium wikis the organizer access to the event registration tool|Learn more]].
* Users that search using regular expressions (regex) can now use additional features including:
** for the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;intitle:&lt;/code&gt; keyword: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#Metacharacters|metacharacters]] for start-of-line (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;^&lt;/code&gt;) and end-of-line (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;$&lt;/code&gt;) anchors [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T317599]
** for both &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;intitle:&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;insource:&lt;/code&gt; keywords: shorthand [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#Character_Classes|character classes]] for digits (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;\d&lt;/code&gt;), whitespace (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;\s&lt;/code&gt;), and word characters (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;\w&lt;/code&gt;); and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#Escape codes|escape codes]] for line feed (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;\r&lt;/code&gt;), newline (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;\n&lt;/code&gt;), tab (&lt;code dir=ltr&gt;\t&lt;/code&gt;), and unicode (e.g. &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;\uHHHH&lt;/code&gt;). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403212]
* When you search for text that looks like an IP, the system will now show search results. It used to take you to the contributions for that IP instead of showing search results. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T306325]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on September 24. This is planned at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1758726000 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests which happen twice a year. You can [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|read more about the background and details of this process on the Diff blog]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug was fixed that affected users who used the page-tabs to switch from wikitext editing of a section into the visualeditor. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401043]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team is redesigning the Wikimedia REST API Sandbox with Codex. If you have feedback on improvements for the API documentation or what makes developer experiences smooth (or frustrating), you’re invited to [https://calendar.google.com/calendar/u/0/appointments/schedules/AcZssZ2aZzbXeQvjOF7gB1fJXiwAYemQjKf4sXNaRODPA7_obFyNBwkzNkoVCoTF-aeov89kIjXHbCQm join an upcoming discovery interview], or [[mw:MediaWiki Interfaces Team/Developer Feedback/Wikimedia Web APIs|leave feedback onwiki]]. [[listarchive:list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/C4FBAOA57PH6G5ORVMAUF5TGYBLZDU5Q/|Learn more]].
* Edits to Wikidata aliases (an alternative name for an item or a property) will now be shown in RecentChanges and Watchlist entries on other wikis less often, reducing unnecessary notifications. This will reduce the overall quantity of 'noisy' entries. Wikidata's own pages remain unchanged. [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Reduce change propagation noise#Phase 1: More granular Alias tracking|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401288]
* The new [https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode17.0.0/ Unicode 17.0] version has been released. The [[:c:Category:Unicode Module Datasets|datasets on Commons]] for the [[:d:Q39301585|Module:Unicode data]] have been updated. Wikipedias that do not use the Commons datasets should either update their own data or switch to the Commons datasets.
* Users of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] Structured Contents endpoints can now access [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/blog/parsed-wikipedia-tables/ Parsed Tables]. The new Parsed Tables feature extracts and represents Wikipedia tables in structured JSON. This improves machine accessibility as part of the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/api/structured-contents/ Structured Contents initiative]. Structured Contents output is freely available through the [https://enterprise.wikimedia.com/docs/on-demand/#article-structured-contents-beta On-demand API], or through Wikimedia Cloud Services. 
* A [https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/wikimedia-foundation/english-wikipedia-people-dataset dataset of English Wikipedia biographical information] from [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise|Wikimedia Enterprise]] has been published on Kaggle, for evaluation and research. This provides structured data from more than 1.5 million biographies, including birth and death dates, education, affiliations, careers, awards, and more (from a June 2024 snapshot).
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.19|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2026:Scholarships|Scholarship applications]] for Wikimania 2026 in Paris, France, are open until October 31.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/38|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W38&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:06, 15 September 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-39 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W39&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/39|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1758726000 On September 24th at 15:00 UTC], all Wikimedia sites users will experience a brief read-only period due to a scheduled [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|datacenter server switchover]]. The Wikimedia Foundation's Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) team will redirect all traffic from one primary server to its backup. You can listen to the switchover using the [http://listen.hatnote.com/ &quot;Listen to Wikipedia&quot;] tool, where you will hear edits stop for a few minutes during the read-only phase, then resume. This twice-yearly datacenter server switchover ensures reliability by testing the backup datacenter, so that our sites can stay online even if the primary datacenter fails. You can [[diffblog:2025/03/12/hear-that-the-wikis-go-silent-twice-a-year/|read more about the process on the Diff blog]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* Editors of [[f:Special:Mylanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-09-12#Next round of Wiktionaries to receive embedded Wikifunctions calls|60 more Wiktionaries]] will soon be able to call [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Introduction|functions from Wikifunctions]] and integrate them into their pages. A function takes one or more inputs and transforms them into a desired output, like adding numbers, converting miles to meters, calculating elapsed time, or declining a word into a case. They will join the other [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-08-29#Wikifunctions available on 65 Wiktionaries|65 Wiktionary language editions]], which already have access to embedded Wikifunctions calls. Later this year, plans are in place to expand to more Wiktionaries and the Incubator.
* A new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#Technical metadata of another page|parser function]] has been added: &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#contentmodel}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. Template editors and admins can use it to get the localized or canonical name of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:ChangeContentModel|content model]] of a specific page. The function makes it easier to create and edit system messages, such as ''MediaWiki:editinginterface'', even when you switch types of pages, like wiki, JavaScript, CSS or JSON page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T328254]
* Adding or editing a &lt;code&gt;DISPLAYTITLE&lt;/code&gt; for an article using VisualEditor will no longer be broken. Editors who use VisualEditor mode to modify the &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{DISPLAYTITLE}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; would no longer have the literal text &quot;DISPLAYTITLE&quot; or its localized variant added to their articles. A list of pages that may have been affected and might need cleanup is documented in [[phab:P83438|this ticket]]. 
* Beta users of the Wikipedia Android app can now try the redesigned [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Android/Activity Tab Experiment|Activity tab]], which replaces the Edits tab. The new tab offers personalized insights into reading, editing, and donation activity, while simplifying navigation and making app use more engaging.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:12}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:12|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.20|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* Wikifunctions users can now import many essential facts involving [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Z6011|geo-coordinates]], [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Z6010|quantities]] and [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Z6064|time]] values from Wikidata. This is made possible by the creation of Wikifunctions types for these values, which makes them available for use by functions in Wikifunctions. Learn more about how this works in [[c:File:ImportingWikidataDatatypesIntoWikifunctions.webm|this video]] and Wikifunctions' [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-08-01#News in Types I: Wikidata quantity|August 1 newsletter]] (for quantities) and [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2025-08-22#News in Types: Wikidata geo-coordinate|August 22 newsletter]] (for geo-coordinates).

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/39|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W39&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 22:55, 22 September 2025 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29305556 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2025-40 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W40&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/40|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* A major software upgrade has been made to [[phab:|Phabricator]]. The update introduces performance improvements, a refreshed search interface, enhancements to Maniphest task search, updates to user profile pages and project workboards, new Herald automation features, as well as general text input, mobile experience improvements and more. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/phame/post/view/321/iterative_improvements_september_2025/]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Community Tech team will release the new Community Wishlist extension on October 1, that will improve the way wishes will be submitted. The new extension will allow users to add tags to their wishes to better categorise them, and (in a future iteration) to filter them by status, tags and focus areas. It will also be possible to support individual wishes again, as requested by the community in many instances. The old system will be retired. There will be a brief period of downtime while the extension is deployed and wishes are migrated to the new system. You can read more about this [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/Updates|in the latest update]] or you can consult the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CommunityRequests|current documentation on MediaWiki]].
* As announced [[diffblog:2025/09/02/better-detecting-bots-and-replacing-our-captcha/|on Diff blog]], the production trial of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/hCaptcha|hCaptcha]] service for bot detection has begun. The trial is currently using hCaptcha to protect account creation on Chinese, Persian, Portuguese, Indonesian, Japanese, and Turkish Wikipedias, where it will replace our existing [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:ConfirmEdit#FancyCaptcha|CAPTCHA]] (FancyCaptcha). The goal with the trial is to better block bots while also improving usability and accessibility for users who encounter CAPTCHA challenges.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents]] extension has been [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|deployed]] to Wikimedia Commons. The extension makes it easier to organize and participate in collaborative activities, like edit-a-thons and WikiProjects, on the wikis. On Commons, anyone who is a registered user can use it as an event participant. To use it as an organizer, someone needs to have the [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Event organizers|event organizer right]].
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to German Wikipedia. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|test the feature]] on testwiki or [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing on betawiki] as well. Please share your thoughts on [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Templates used in sub-references|using templates in sub-references]] or [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|volunteer to become a pilot wiki]].
* On wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Mentorship|Mentorship]] system, communities can now opt experienced editors out of Mentorship through [[{{#special:CommunityConfiguration/Mentorship}}]]. Within this setting, communities may define thresholds, based on edit count and account age, to decide when an editor is considered experienced enough to no longer receive Mentorship. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403563]
* The Editing Team and the Machine Learning Team are working on a new check for newcomers: [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tone Check|Tone check]]. Using a prediction model, this check will encourage editors to improve the tone of their edits, using artificial intelligence. We invite volunteers to review the first version of the Tone language model for the following languages: Arabic, Czech, German, Hebrew, Indonesian, Dutch, Polish, Russian, Turkish, Chinese, Farsi, Italian, Norwegian, Romanian and Latvian. Users from these wikis interested in reviewing this model are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit_check/Tone_Check/Model_evaluation|invited to sign up at MediaWiki.org]]. The deadline to sign up is on October 3, which will be the start date of the test.
* The rollout of [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Manage blocks|multiblocks]] had the side effect that non-active block logs may have been shown on {{#special:Contributions}} and on blocked users' user and user_talk pages. This issue will be fully resolved in a few days. As part of the fix, [{{fullurl:Special:Allmessages|prefix=sp-contributions-blocked-notice}} messages prefixed with &lt;code&gt;sp-contributions-blocked-notice&lt;/code&gt;] will be removed and replaced with [{{fullurl:Special:Allmessages|prefix=blocked-notice-logextract}} those prefixed with &lt;code&gt;blocked-notice-logextract&lt;/code&gt;] in a few weeks. Please help translate the new messages and update any local overrides if needed.
* There was a bug with links added using visual editor if they included characters such as &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;[ ] |&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; after the fragment identifier (&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;#&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;). They were not encoded properly creating an incorrect link. This has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404823]
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikiquote/en}} in [[d:Q9237|Malay]] ([[q:ms:|&lt;code&gt;q:ms:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404698]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Anti-abuse signals/User Info|User Info Card]] now displays currently active global lock/blocks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401128]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Later this week, editors using Lua modules will be able to use the &lt;code&gt;[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.title.newBatch|mw.title.newBatch]]&lt;/code&gt; function to look up the existence of up to 25 pages at once, in a way that only increases the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Parser functions#Expensive parser functions|expensive function]] count once.
* A new [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|Unsupported Tools Working Group]] has been formed as part of ongoing efforts to collectively determine technical work priorities, similar to the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product &amp; Technology Advisory Council]] (PTAC). The working group will help prioritize and review requests for support of unmaintained extensions, gadgets, bots, and tools. For the first cycle, the group will be prioritizing an unsupported Wikimedia Commons tool.
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.21|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/40|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W40&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:52, 29 September 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-41 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W41&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/41|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#paste|Paste Check]] is a new Edit Check feature to help avoid and fight copyright violations. When editors paste text into an article, Paste Check prompts them to confirm the origin and licensing of the content. Starting Wednesday, 8 October, [[phab:T403680|22 wikis will test Paste Check]]. Paste Check will help new volunteers understand and follow the policies and guidelines necessary to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia projects.
'''Updates for editors'''
* Mobile devices will receive mobile articles directly on the standard domain (like &lt;code&gt;en.wikipedia.org&lt;/code&gt;), instead of via a redirect to an &quot;m&quot; domain (like &lt;code&gt;en.m.wikipedia.org&lt;/code&gt;). This change improves performance. This week it will be enabled on Wikipedias. The existing mobile URLs and the &quot;Desktop view&quot; opt-out remain available. [[mw:Requests for comment/Mobile domain sunsetting/2025 Announcement|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T214998]
* New [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:CirrusSearch#creationdate and lasteditdate|date filters]], &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;creationdate:&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;lasteditdate:&lt;/code&gt;, are now available in the wiki search engine. This allows users to filter search results by a page's first or last revision date. The filters support comparison operators (e.g. &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&gt;2024&lt;/code&gt;) and relative dates (e.g. &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;today-1d&lt;/code&gt;), making it easier to find recently updated content or pages within specific age ranges. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403593]
* [[f:|Wikifunctions]] now supports rich text in embedded calls across the 150 wikis where it's enabled. To showcase this, the team created a [[f:Z26333|Latin declination table]] that Wiktionary editors can use to automatically generate noun forms, producing clear, formatted results — see an [[f:Wikifunctions:Embedded function calls/Wiktionary tables demonstration|example output]]. If you need any help or have any feedback, please [[f:Wikifunctions:Project chat|contact the Wikifunctions Team]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T397402]
* An edit link will now appear inside the categories box on article pages for logged in users, which will directly launch the VisualEditor category dialog. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T291691]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:34}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:34|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a problem downloading pdf files last week and that has been resolved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T405957]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The field &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;rev_sha1&lt;/code&gt; in the revision database table is being removed in favor of &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;content_sha1&lt;/code&gt; in the content database table. See [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/2D2M3SP4WHR6BXXKTZ2PBLZQYR3EGQVR/ the announcement] for more information.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web|Reader Experience team]] will roll out [[w:en:Light-on-dark color scheme|Dark Mode]] user interface on all Wikimedia sites on October 29, 2025. All anonymous users of Wikimedia sites will have the option to activate a color scheme that features light-colored text on a dark background. This is designed to provide a more comfortable reading experience, especially in low-light situations. Template authors and technical contributors are encouraged to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading/Updates/2024-04|learn how to make pages ready for Dark mode]] and address any compatibility issues found in templates in their wiki before the enablement. Please contact the Web team for questions or any support on [[mw:Talk:Reading/Web/Accessibility for reading#|this talk page]] before the enablement. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395628]
* Starting on Monday, October 6, API endpoints under the &lt;code&gt;rest.php&lt;/code&gt; path will be rerouted through a new internal API Gateway. Individual wikis will be updated based on the standard release groups, with total traffic increased over time. This change is expected to be non-breaking and non-disruptive. If any issues are observed, please file a Phabricator ticket to the [[phab:tag/serviceops/|Service Ops team board]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400130]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.22|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/41|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W41&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:23, 6 October 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-42 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W42&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/42|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Last week, improvements to account security and two-factor authentication (2FA) features were enabled across all wikis. These changes include user interface improvements for [https://auth.wikimedia.org/metawiki/wiki/Special:AccountSecurity Special:AccountSecurity], the support of multiple 2FA methods via authenticator apps and portable security keys (previously users could only enable one method), and a new Recovery Codes module which facilitates fewer account lockouts due to lost two-factor apps and devices. As part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project, work is continuing through the rest of 2025 on further user experience improvements, and support for passkeys as an alternate second factor. 

'''Updates for editors'''

* Another part of the Account security project is making 2FA generally available to all users. Along with editors with advanced privileges, such as administrators and bureaucrats, 40% of editors now have access to 2FA. You can check if you have access at [https://auth.wikimedia.org/metawiki/wiki/Special:AccountSecurity Special:AccountSecurity]. Instructions for activation are on the linked page. The plan is to continue increasing availability if it is determined that the user support capabilities are able to support global usage. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T400579]
* This week, users at wikis where talk page [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Usability|Usability Improvements]] are already available by default (everywhere ''except'' the 12 wikis listed in [[phab:T379264|T379264]]) will gain the ability to Thank a comment directly from the talk page it appears on. Before this change, Thanking could only be done by visiting the revision history of the talk page. You can [[diffblog:2025/10/13/revolutionizing-gratitude-a-new-era-of-thanking-comments/|learn more about this change]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366095]
* Users who have not [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-personal-email|verified their email address]] will soon be receiving monthly Notification reminders to do so. This is because users who have verified their email can more easily recover their account. These reminders will not be sent if the user is inactive or removes the unverified email from their account. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Email_confirmation][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T58074]
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a fix was made for an occasional error with saving translated paragraphs in the Content Translation tool, and the related error messages are now easier to see. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T376531]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''

* The Unsupported Tools Working Group has chosen [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons|Video2Commons]] as the first tool for its pilot cycle. The group will explore ways to improve and sustain the tool over the coming months. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|Learn more on Meta]].
* [[File:Octicons-sync.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.23|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/42|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W42&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:59, 13 October 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-43 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W43&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/43|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* To optimize how user data is stored in our databases, the saved preferences of users who haven't logged in for over five years and have fewer than 100 edits will be cleared. When those users return, default settings will apply. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406724]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, there was a broken link from the GlobalContributions interface message to the XTools GlobalContributions page which has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406415]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The work to reroute all traffic to API endpoints under the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;rest.php&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; route through a common API gateway is now complete. If any issues are observed, please file a phabricator ticket to the [[phab:tag/serviceops/|Service Ops team board]].
* Edits to Wikidata references or qualifiers will now be shown in RecentChanges and Watchlist entries on other wikis less often, reducing unnecessary notifications. This will reduce the overall quantity of 'noisy' entries. Wikidata's own pages remain unchanged. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401290]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.24|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/43|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W43&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:36, 20 October 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-44 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W44&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Wikipedia iOS app has launched an A/B/C test of improvements made to the tabbed browsing feature for select regions and languages. The test, named “More dynamic tabs”, explores new tab experiences and includes “Did you know” and “Because you read” article recommendations. You can [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/iOS/Tabbed Browsing (Tabs)/New Tab Experience and Recommendations Experiment|read more on the project page]].
* Autoconfirmed users on [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/small.dblist|small]] and [[git:operations/mediawiki-config/+/a2d2aaab9ace84280dd2f4c70a33bb69cd73850f/dblists/medium.dblist|medium wikis]] with the CampaignEvents extension can now use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event Center/Registration|Event Registration]] without the Event Organizer right. This feature lets organizers enable registration, manage participants, and lets users register with one click instead of signing event pages.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue of flashing colors when holding or pressing the arrow keys under the dark mode settings in Vector 2022 has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402285]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''

* The CampaignEvents extension will be deployed to all remaining wikis during the week of 17 November 2025. The extension currently includes three features: Event Registration, Collaboration List, and Invitation List. For this rollout, Invitation List will not be enabled on Wikifunctions and MediaWiki unless requested by those communities. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Deployment status|Visit the deployment page to learn more]].
* The SwaggerUI-based REST sandbox experience is now live on all wiki projects. The sandbox can be accessed through the [[{{#special:RestSandbox}}]] page. Please report any issues to the MediaWiki Interfaces team board, or join the discussion on the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Interfaces Team/Feature Feedback/REST Sandbox|project launch]] page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/board/6931/]
* Transform endpoints with a trailing slash path in the MediaWiki REST API are now marked as deprecated. They will remain functional during this time, but removal is expected by the end of January 2026. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?api=mw-extra&amp;title=Special%3ARestSandbox REST Sandbox]. See the [[mw:API/Deprecation|MediaWiki REST API Deprecation]] page for more detailed information about the API deprecation policies and procedures.
* A dedicated [[mw:API:REST API/Changelog|changelog now exists for the MediaWiki REST API]]. The changelog provides an overview of these changes, making it easier for developers to keep track of improvements and iterations. Announcements will also continue to flow through the standard communication channels, including Tech News and email distribution lists, but can now be more easily referenced from a central location. If you have feedback about the style, structure, or content of this changelog, please [[mw:API talk:REST API/Changelog|join the discussion]].
* Administrators can delete the tracking category which was previously added by the JsonConfig extension, as it is no longer used. See the categories linked from [[d:Q130635582#sitelinks-wikipedia|Q130635582]]. It is OK if there are still pages listed in the category as that is just a caching issue, and they will be automatically cleared out the next time each page is edited. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T378352]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.25|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W44&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:31, 27 October 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-45 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W45&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/45|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Administrators will now find that [[{{#special:MergeHistory}}]] is now significantly more flexible about what it can merge. It can now merge sections taken from the middle of the history of the source (rather than only the start) and insert revisions anywhere in the history of the destination page (rather than only the start). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382958]
* For users with &quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-autotopicsub}}&quot; [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|enabled in their preferences]], starting a new topic or adding a reply to an existing topic will now subscribe them to replies to that topic. Previously, this would only happen if the DiscussionTools &quot;{{int:Skin-action-addsection}}&quot; or &quot;{{int:Discussiontools-replybutton}}&quot; widgets were used. When DiscussionTools was originally launched existing accounts were not opted in to automatic topic subscriptions, so this change should primarily affect newer accounts and users who have deliberately changed their preferences since that time. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T290778]
* Scribunto modules can now be used to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#SVG library|generate SVG images]]. This can be used to build charts, graphics and other visualizations dynamically through Lua, reducing the need to compose them externally and upload them as files. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T405861]
* Wikimedia sites now provide all anonymous users with the option to enable a dark mode color scheme, featuring light-colored text on a dark background. This enhancement aims to deliver a more enjoyable reading experience, especially in dimly lit environments.  [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T395628]
* Users with large watchlists have long faced timeouts when editing [[Special:EditWatchlist|Special:EditWatchlist]]. The page now loads entries in smaller sections instead of all at once due to a paging update, allowing everyone to edit their watchlists smoothly. As part of the database update, sorting by expiry has been removed because it was over 100× slower than sorting by title. A [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Community_Wishlist/W454 community wish] has been created to explore alternative ways to restore sort-by-expiry. If this feature is important to you, please support the wish! [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T41510]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:31}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:31|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the fixing of the persisting highlighting when using VisualEditor find and replace during a query. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T407318]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Since 2019 the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia URL Shortener|Wikimedia URL Shortener]] at https://w.wiki is available for all Wikimedia wikis to create short links to articles, permalinks, diffs, etc. It is available in the sidebar as &quot;Get shortened URL&quot;. There are 30 wikis that also install an older &quot;ShortUrl&quot; extension. The old extension will soon be removed. This means &lt;code&gt;/s/&lt;/code&gt; URLs will not be advertised under article titles via HTML &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;class=&quot;title-shortlink&quot;&lt;/code&gt;. The &lt;code&gt;/s/&lt;/code&gt; URLs will keep working. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T107188]
* On Thursday, October 30, the [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Interfaces Team|MediaWiki Interfaces]] and [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Service Operations]] teams began rerouting Action API traffic through a common API gateway. Individual wikis will be updated based on the standard release groups, with total traffic increased over time. This change is expected to be non-breaking and non-disruptive. If any issues are observed, please file a Phabricator ticket to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/tag/serviceops/ Service Ops team] board.
* MediaWiki Train deployments will pause for the final two weeks of 2025: 22 December and 29 December. Backport windows will also pause between Monday, 22 December 2025 and Thursday, 2 January 2026. A backport window is a scheduled time to add things like bug fixes and configuration changes. There are seven deployment trains remaining for 2025. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/SMWTEAES4SDLDUSK4HMWNBSKNCXZAWYN/]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.45/wmf.26|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* In 2025, the Wikimedia Foundation reported that AI systems and search engines increasingly use Wikipedia content without driving users to the site, contributing to an 8% drop in human pageviews compared to 2024. After detecting bots disguised as humans, Wikimedia updated its traffic data to reflect this shift. Read more about current user trends on Wikipedia in [[diffblog:2025/10/17/new-user-trends-on-wikipedia/|a Diff blog post]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/45|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W45&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:34, 3 November 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-46 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W46&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/46|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
[[File:Talk pages default look (April 2023).jpg|thumb|alt=Screenshot of the visual improvements made on talk pages|Example of a talk page with the new design, in French.]]
* Starting November 12, users will see a change in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk pages project/Feature summary#Usability improvements|appearance of talk pages]] on [[Phab:T379264|some Wikipedias]]. Almost [[phab:T392121|all wikis]] have received this design change; [[phab:T409297|English Wikipedia]] will get these changes later. You can read more [[diffblog:2024/05/02/making-talk-pages-better-for-everyone/|on ''Diff'']]. Users can opt out of these changes [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|in their user preferences]] in &quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-visualenhancements}}&quot;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T379264]
* MediaWiki can now display a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Protection indicators|page indicator]] automatically while a page is protected. This feature is disabled by default. It can be enabled by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Requesting wiki configuration changes|community request]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T12347]
* Using the &quot;{{int:showpreview}}&quot; or &quot;{{int:showdiff}}&quot; buttons in the wikitext editor will now carry over certain URL parameters like '[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Parameters to index.php#useskin|useskin]]', '[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Parameters to index.php#uselang|uselang]]' and '[[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Section#Editing sections|section]]'. This update also fixes an issue where, if the browser crashed while previewing an edit to a single section, saving this edit could overwrite the entire page with just that section’s content. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T62744][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T24029][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T155097]
* Wikivoyage wikis can use [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:Kartographer#Markers and counters|colored map markers in the article text]]. The text of these markers will now be shown in contrasting black or white color, instead of always being white. Local workarounds for the problem can be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T369454]
* The Activity tab in the Wikipedia Android app is now available for all users. The new tab offers personalized insights into reading, editing, and donation activity, while simplifying navigation and making app use more engaging. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Apps/Team/Android/Activity_Tab_Experiment]
* The Reader Growth team is launching an experiment called &quot;Image browsing&quot; to test how to make it easier for readers to browse and discover images on Wikipedia articles. This experiment, a mobile-only A/B test, will go live on English Wikipedia in the week of November 17 and will run for four weeks, affecting 0.05% of users on English wiki. The test launched on November 3 on Arabic, Chinese, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese wikis, affecting up to 10% of users on those wikis. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Reader_Growth/WE3.1.3_Image_Browsing]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example the inability to lock accounts on mobile sites has been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T256185]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[wikitech:Help talk:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee#November 2025 committee nominations|Nominations are open on Wikitech]] for new [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Toolforge standards committee|Toolforge standards committee]] members. The committee oversees the Toolforge [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Right to fork policy|Right to fork policy]] and [[wikitech:Help:Toolforge/Abandoned tool policy|Abandoned tool policy]] among other duties. Nominations will remain open through 2025-11-28.
* The [[w:JSON Web Token#Standard fields|JWT issuer field]] in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#OAuth 2|OAuth 2 access tokens]] for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Unified login|SUL wikis]] has been changed to &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://meta.wikimedia.org&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. Old access tokens will still work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399199]
* The [[w:JSON Web Token#Standard fields|JWT subject field]] in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/OAuth/For Developers#OAuth 2|OAuth 2 access tokens]] will soon change from &lt;code&gt;&lt;user id&gt;&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space:nowrap&quot;&gt;mw:&lt;identity type&gt;:&lt;user id&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, where &lt;code&gt;&lt;identity type&gt;&lt;/code&gt; is typically &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;CentralAuth:&lt;/code&gt;&lt;!-- not a typo --&gt; (for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Unified login|SUL wikis]]) or &lt;code dir=ltr style=&quot;white-space:nowrap&quot;&gt;local:&lt;wiki id&gt;&lt;/code&gt; (for other wikis). This is to avoid conflicts between different user ID types, and to make OAuth 2 access tokens and the &lt;code&gt;sessionJwt&lt;/code&gt; cookie more similar. Old access tokens will still work. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399199]
* MediaWiki's block messages ([[MediaWiki:Blockedtext|blockedtext]], [[MediaWiki:Blockedtext-partial|blockedtext-partial]], [[MediaWiki:Autoblockedtext|autoblockedtext]], [[MediaWiki:Systemblockedtext|systemblockedtext]], [[MediaWiki:Blockedtext-tempuser|blockedtext-tempuser]], [[MediaWiki:Autoblockedtext-tempuser|autoblockedtext-tempuser]]) now support additional parameters indicating whether the user is blocked from editing their own user talk page &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;$9&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; or emailing other users &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;$&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;10&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T285612]
* A &lt;code&gt;REL1_45&lt;/code&gt; branch for MediaWiki core and each of the extensions and skins in Wikimedia git has been created. This is the first step in the release process for MediaWiki 1.45.0, scheduled for late November 2025. If you are working on a critical bug fix or working on a new feature, you may need to take note of this change. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/ZUY7TY3Z6XPZWZVAZV63OPO5OW52Q6GE/]
* The process for generating CirrusSearch dumps has been updated due to slowing performance. If you encounter any issues migrating to the replacement dumps, please contact the Search Platform Team for support. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T366248][https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/3KQPOR6ACVN6OVLMLZPIBXQSWQKW4E3K/]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.2|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/46|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W46&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:38, 10 November 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-47 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W47&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/47|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] is experimenting with [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience/WE3.3.4_Reading lists|reading lists on mobile web]], allowing logged-in readers with no edits to save private lists of articles for later. The experiment is running on Arabic, Chinese, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias since the week of 10 November, and will begin on English Wikipedia the week of 17 November.
* Users who can’t receive their email verification code during login can now get help by submitting a form on a new special page. This update is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] initiative. If your account has an email address, please make sure you still have access to it. When logging in from a new device or location without 2FA, you may be asked to enter a 6-digit code sent by email to finish logging in. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security#Why are you requiring me to enter a code from my email to log in? Can I opt out of this?|Learn more]].
* One new wiki has been created: a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikisource}} in [[d:Q13324|Minangkabau]] ([[s:min:|&lt;code&gt;s:min:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408317]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]].

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* As part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification|Parser Unification]] project, the Content Transform Team rolled out Parsoid as the default parser to many low-traffic Wikipedias and is preparing the next step to high traffic ones. This message is an invitation for you to opt-in to Parsoid, as described in the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:ParserMigration|Extension:ParserMigration]] documentation, and identify any issues you might encounter with your own workflow using bots, gadgets, or user scripts. Please, let us know through the ''&quot;Report Visual Bug&quot;'' link in the Tools sidebar or create a phab ticket and tag the [[phab:project/view/5846|Content Transform Team in Phabricator]].
* Unsupported Tools: Several issues with [[:c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons|Video2Commons]] have been fixed, including filename-related upload failures, black-video imports, and retry handling. AV1 support has also been added. Ongoing work focuses on backend stability, ffmpeg errors, subtitle imports, metadata handling, and playlist uploads. To track specific tasks, check the [[phab:tag/video2commons/|Phabricator board]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.3|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* Save the date for the next Wikimedia Hackathon happening in Milan, Italy from May 1–3, 2026. Registration will open in January 2026. [https://pretix.eu/wikimedia/Hackathon-2026/ Scholarship applications are currently open], and will close on November 28, 2025. If you have any questions, please email &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;hackathon@wikimedia.org&lt;/bdi&gt;.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/47|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W47&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:26, 17 November 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-48 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W48&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/48|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Last week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Search Platform|Wikimedia Search Team]] recreated the &quot;DWIM&quot; (Do What I Mean) gadget functionality server-side, for Russian and Hebrew Wikipedias. This feature adds cross-keyboard suggestions to the standard search-box suggestions. For example, searching for ''&lt;span lang=&quot;und&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;cxfcnmt&lt;/span&gt;'' on Russian Wikipedia will now add suggestions for ''&lt;span lang=&quot;ru&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;счастье&lt;/span&gt;'' (&quot;happiness&quot;) that the user probably intended. They plan to enable this feature for other Russian and Hebrew wikis this week. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408734]
* Later this week, users of the &quot;{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}&quot; [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] will have syntax highlighting available in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]]. This requires that the &quot;{{int:discussiontools-preference-sourcemodetoolbar}}&quot; preference be set. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T407918]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|Campaign events extension]] – the set of tools for coordinating events and other on-wiki collaborations has now been deployed to all Wikimedia wikis. A new feature known as [[m:Special:MyLanguage/CampaignEvents/Collaborative contributions|Collaborative contribution]] to help organizers and participants see the impact of activities has also been added. Join the upcoming [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Connection learning session 3|learning session]] to see the new feature in action and share your feedback.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:24}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:24|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug which stopped CodeReviewBot from working, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410417]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
*  Users of Wikimedia API can join a usability study to help validate the new design of Wikimedia REST API sandboxes. Interested participants should fill the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/487662 recruitment survey]. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/IREJRRWTZTGCYWQHDMSNJFTQAEPOOAE3/]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team is deprecating XSLT stylesheets within the Action API. Support for &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;format=xml'''&amp;xlst={stylesheet}'''&lt;/code&gt; will be removed from Wikimedia projects by the end of November, 2025. In addition, it will soon be disabled by default in MediaWiki release versions: v1.43 (LTS), v1.44, and v1.45. Support for XSLT stylesheets will be fully removed from MediaWiki v1.46 (expected to release between April and May 2026). [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/5AX7UWAVVUNUSBOIRHMNOKWOZ5EZI3JX/]
* The WDQS legacy endpoint ([https://query-legacy-full.wikidata.org/ query-legacy-full.wikidata.org]) will be decommissioned at the end of December 2025, and finally closed down on 7th January 2026. After this date, users should expect requests to query.wikidata.org that require the full graph to fail or return invalid results if they are not rewritten to use SPARQL federation. The team encourages users to ensure that tools and workflows use the supported WDQS endpoints (&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://query.wikidata.org/&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt; - Main graph or &lt;span dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;https://query-scholarly.wikidata.org/&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/span&gt; - Scholarly graph). For support with migrating use cases, please review the [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Data_access|Data Access]] and [[d:Wikidata:Request_a_query|Request a Query]] pages for details and assistance on alternative access methods.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.4|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/48|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W48&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 15:56, 24 November 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-49 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W49&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/49|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Wikipedia Year in Review 2025 will be available on December 2 for users of iOS and Android Wikipedia apps, featuring new personalized insights, updated reading highlights, and refreshed designs. Learn more on the review's [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Wikipedia Year in Review/Updates|project page]].
* The Growth team is working on improving the text and presentation of the Verification Email sent to new users to make them more welcoming, useful and informative. Some new text have been drafted for A/B testing and you can help by translating them. See [[phab:T396155|Phabricator]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]] will now be deployed at Japanese, Urdu and Chinese Wikipedias on December 2. Add a link is based on a prediction model that suggests links to be added to articles. While this feature has already been available on most Wikipedias, the prediction model could not support certain languages. A new model has now been developed to handle these languages, and it will be gradually rolled out to other Wikipedias over time. If you would like to know more, please contact [[mw:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:34}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:34|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where search boxes on some Commons pages showed no results due to switch from SpecialSearch to MediaSearch, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399476]
* Two new wikis have been created:
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q36846|Toki Pona]] ([[w:tok:|&lt;code&gt;w:tok:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404457]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikiquote}} in [[d:Q33655|Nigerian Pidgin]] ([[q:pcm:|&lt;code&gt;q:pcm:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408318]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.5|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation is in the early stages of exploring approaches to '''Article guidance'''. The initiative aims to identify interventions that could help new editors easily understand and apply existing Wikipedia practices and policies when creating an article. The project is in the exploration and early experimental design phase. All community members are encouraged to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|learn more]] about the project, and share their thoughts on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Article guidance|the talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/49|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W49&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:57, 1 December 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-50 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W50&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/50|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Anybody who wishes to secure their user account can now use [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). This is available to all registered users of all Wikimedia projects. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] initiative. Later, 2FA will be required for all users who can take security- or privacy-sensitive actions.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Following last week's deployments, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Growth/Tools/Add a link|Add a link]] feature, which allows editors to add suggested links during editing, will be available to an additional [[Phab:T410469|33 Wikipedias]] starting on 9 December. This expansion is possible thanks to the new prediction model that now supports all languages, including those that were previously not covered. While the feature has been available on most Wikipedias for some time, this rollout brings us closer to using the improved model everywhere. If you have any questions or would like more details please contact [[mw:user:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]].
* Last week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Search Platform|Search Platform team]] added [[w:en:Transliteration|transliterated]] as-you-type search suggestions to Georgian wikis. If there are only a few regular search suggestions, then queries in Latin or Cyrillic script [[phab:T127003|are now rewritten into Georgian script]] to look for more matches. For example, searching for either &lt;bdi lang=&quot;ka-Latn&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;''bedniereba''&lt;/bdi&gt; or &lt;bdi lang=&quot;ka-Cyrl&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;''бедниереба''&lt;/bdi&gt; will now suggest the existing article about &lt;bdi lang=&quot;ka&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;ბედნიერება&lt;/bdi&gt; (&quot;happiness&quot;). You can recommend other languages where transliterated suggestions would be useful [[phab:T375215|on Phabricator]] for future development.
* Later this week, a controlled experiment will begin for editors on the 100 largest Wikipedias who are editing a section in the mobile web visual editor. 50% of these editors will notice a new &quot;Edit full page&quot; button that will enable them to expand their editing session to the whole page. This feature is intended to make it easier for people on mobile web to edit any article section, regardless of which section-edit icon they tapped to begin. The experiment will last ~4 weeks. You can find [[phab:T409112|more details]] about the project.
* Later this week, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth|Reader Growth team]] will launch a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.1.14 Expanded Mobile Sections|mobile web experiment]] to expand all article sections by default (currently they are collapsed by default) and pin the section header the user is currently reading to the top of the page. The experiment will affect 10% of users on Arabic, Chinese, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409485]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Wikipedia Year in Review/2025 Year in Review|Wikipedia Year in Review 2025]], a feature in the Wikipedia mobile apps (iOS and Android) that provides users with a personalised summary of their engagement with Wikipedia over the year, is now available on the iOS and Android apps. This edition includes expanded personalised insights, improved reading highlights, new donor messaging, and updated designs. Open the app to view your Year in Review and explore your reading journey from 2025.
* A recent software bug caused edits made with VisualEditor to make unintended changes to wikitext, including removing whitespace and replacing spaces with underscores in wikilinks inside citations. This was partially fixed last week, and further fixes are in progress. Editors who used VisualEditor between November 28 and December 2 should review their edits for unexpected modifications. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411238]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the incorrect handling of URLs copied from the address bar of Microsoft Edge users, has been resolved. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T341281]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Starting this week, users of the &quot;{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}&quot; [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-betafeatures|beta feature]] will have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] as the editor for Lua, JavaScript, CSS, JSON and Vue content models, instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]]. With this, the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Linting|linters]] will be upgraded. This is part of a larger effort to eventually replace CodeEditor and provide a consistent code editing experience. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373711]
* Developers are encouraged to take the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/552643 2025 Developer Satisfaction Survey], which remains open until 5 January 2026. If you build software for the Wikimedia ecosystem and would like to share your experiences or feedback, your participation is greatly appreciated. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/W4WBKO6Q55UWWCCSFWQATKEXBEHP3QNR/]
* There is no new MediaWiki version this week.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/50|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W50&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:45, 8 December 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-51 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W51&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/51|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:18}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:18|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, one of the fixes addressed an issue for temporary accounts adding an external URL, which triggered an hCaptcha request in more cases than intended, and did not display the required popup on the first attempt to publish the edit. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411927]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* To improve database and site performance, external links to Wikimedia projects will no longer be stored in the database. This means they will not be searchable in [[{{#special:LinkSearch}}]], will not be checked by the Spam Blacklist or AbuseFilter as new links, and will not be in the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;externallinks&lt;/code&gt; table on database replicas. In the future this may be extended to other highly-linked trusted websites on a per-wiki basis, such as Creative Commons links on Wikimedia Commons. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T405005]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.7|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/51|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W51&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:02, 15 December 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2025-52 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2025-W52&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/52|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* From January, edit filters [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:AbuseFilter/Access flags|can be set]] to automatically suppress their details such as rules and list of attempted edits and actions. This will help oversighters use edit filters to prevent doxxing or other suppressible material. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T290324]
* The next issue of Tech News will be sent out on 12 January 2026 because of the end of year holidays. Thank you to all of the translators, and people who submitted content or feedback, this year.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:16}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:16|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the crash that occurred when tapping &quot;First Steps&quot; in the Wikipedia Android Year in Review has now been fixed, and the feature opens as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411546]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Interface elements such as diffs and categories generated by MediaWiki used to have the attribute &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&lt;/code&gt; to distinguish from wiki content. The attribute has been replaced with &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;data-mw-interface=&quot;&quot;&lt;/code&gt;, to avoid potential conflicts with other &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;data-mw&lt;/code&gt; attributes, which are generated by Parsoid. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409187]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] There is no new MediaWiki version this week or next week.
'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications just opened mid-December and will close in mid-January or earlier if capacity is reached. With space for approximately 100 participants, early application is encouraged.

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/52|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2025-W52&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:45, 22 December 2025 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* As part of the current work of Community Tech team on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W372|Multiple watchlists]] project, the display of [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]] will be updated as a first step towards multiple watchlists. Additionally, the pagination on [[Special:Search|Search]] will be updated too, as a part of the work on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W186|Revamp pagination / page navigation]] wish. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411596]
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] is a MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that lets you see your watchlists from different wikis on the same page. It was recently updated to look more like the regular [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]], such as preparing it for temporary accounts in IP masking (including rerouting user links to contributions pages), making page titles bold, and opening links in edit summaries and tags in new browser tabs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398361][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298919][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273526][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286309]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where global blocks did not have the option to disable sending emails, has now been fixed, and will be available for use in the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401293]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Citation tool|VisualEditor citation tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] now support &quot;map&quot; as a reference type. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411083]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]/[[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.11|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:33, 12 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The tray shown on [[Special:Diff|Special:Diff]] in mobile view has been redesigned. It is now collapsed by default, and incorporates a link to undo the edit being viewed, making it easier for mobile editors and reviewers to take action while keeping the interface uncluttered. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402297] 
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now automatically determines the text direction (ensuring correct display of sites with unusual domain names) and shows detailed descriptions for log actions. Later this week, a new permanent link for page creations and CSS classes for each entry element will be added. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T412505][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287929][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262768][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414135]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the previously observed issue in Vector 2022, where anchor link targets were obscured by the sticky header, has now been addressed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406114]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* As mentioned in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|October 2025 deprecation announcement]], MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin sunsetting all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the MediaWiki REST API the week of January 26. Changes are expected to roll out to all wikis on or before January 30th. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found, compared, and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox]. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in Phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* Interactive reference documentation for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia REST API|Wikimedia REST API]] has moved. Requests to API docs previously hosted through [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase|RESTBase]] (e.g.: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/&lt;/code&gt;) are now redirected to the [[w:en:Special:RestSandbox|REST Sandbox]].
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] (WDP) has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|January 2026 newsletter]]. It includes updates on the legacy full-graph endpoint decommissioning, the User-Agent policy change, the monthly Blazegraph migration office hours, and efforts to reduce regressions caused by the legacy endpoint shutdown. As a reminder, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|subscribe to the WDP newsletter]]!
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.12|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications opened mid-December and will close soon or when capacity is reached. It's a two-day, technically oriented hackathon bringing together Wikimedians from the region. Hope to see you there!

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:29, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia Foundation invites comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Year1 Reflections and Proposed Way Forward 2026 Update|proposed future]] of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] until 28 February.
* All users with registered accounts can now use passkeys for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). Passkeys are a simple way to log in without using a second device. They verify the user's identity using a fingerprint, face scan, or a PIN code. To set up a passkey, first set up a regular 2FA method. Currently, to log in with a passkey, users must also use a password. Later this quarter, passwordless login will allow users to log in with a single click and a passkey. Users with advanced rights will also be required to have 2FA enabled. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project.
* Unregistered contributors on blocked IPs or blocked IP ranges can now interact on-wiki to appeal a block by creating a temporary account to appeal a block on the user talk page, unless the &quot;prevent this user from editing their own talk page&quot; is enabled. This solves the problem of logged-out users unable to use the default unblock process via user talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398673]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) methods description on the management page has been updated. It is now clearer and easier for users to understand and make use of. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332385]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new AbuseFilter variable, &lt;code&gt;account_type&lt;/code&gt;, has been added to provide a reliable way to determine the account type being created in the &lt;code&gt;createaccount&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;autocreateaccount&lt;/code&gt; actions. As part of this change, the variable &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; has been renamed to &lt;code&gt;account_name&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; is now deprecated. Edit filter managers should update any filters that use hardcoded account type checks or the deprecated variable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414049]
* Image thumbnails that are requested in non-standard sizes, and using non-standard methods such as direct requests to &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;upload.wikimedia.org/…&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; will stop working in the near future. This change is to prevent ongoing external abuse by web-scrapers and bots. Some users with custom CSS/JS, Interface Admins who can fix gadgets and local skins, and Tool-authors, will need to update their code to use standard thumbnail sizes. [[phab:T414805|Details, search-links, and examples of how to fix them, are available in the task]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.13|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:17, 26 January 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=29969530 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2026-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The &quot;{{int:pageinfo-toolboxlink}}&quot; feature, which gives validating information about a page ([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=info}} example]), now automatically includes a table of contents. If there is a local [[{{ns:8}}:Pageinfo-header]] page created by individual users, it can now be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363726]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, VisualEditor previously added bold or italic formatting inside link descriptions, making the wikicode complex. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409669]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* There was no XML dump on 20 January. Additionally, from now on, dumps will be generated once per month only. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414389]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team removed support for all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:REST%20API MediaWiki REST API]. All API users currently calling those endpoints are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.14|MediaWiki]]

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Users are reminded that the Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:43, 2 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Logged-in contributors who manage large or complex watchlists can now organise and filter watched pages in ways that improve their workflows with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]] feature. By adding custom labels (for example: pages you created, pages being monitored for vandalism, or discussion pages) users can more quickly identify what needs attention, reduce cognitive load, and respond more efficiently. This improves watchlist usability, especially for highly active editors.
* A new feature available on [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] shows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] that are likely operated by the same person, and so makes patrolling less time-consuming. Upon checking contributions of a temporary account, users with access to temporary account IP addresses can now see a view of contributions from the related temporary accounts. The feature looks up all the IPs associated with a given temporary account within the data retention period and shows all the contributions of all temporary accounts that have used these IPs. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts#February 2026: Improvements to the patroller tooling|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415674] 
* When editors preview a wikitext edit, the reminder box that they are only seeing a preview (which is shown at the top), now has a grey/neutral background instead of a yellow/warning background. This makes it easier to distinguish preview notes from actual warnings (for example, edit conflicts or problematic redirect targets), which will now be shown in separate warning or error boxes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414742]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now properly supports more than one Wikibase site, for example both [[d:|Wikidata]] and [[testwikidata:|testwikidata]]. In addition, issues regarding text direction have been fixed for users who prefer Wikidata or other Wikibase sites in right-to-left (RTL) languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415440][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415458]
* The automatic &quot;magic links&quot; for ISBN, RFC, and PMID numbers have been [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic links|deprecated in wikitext since 2021]] due to inflexibility and difficulties with localization. Several wikis have successfully replaced RFC and PMID magic links with equivalent external links, but a template was often required to replace the functionality of the ISBN magic link. There is now a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#isbn|built-in parser function]] &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#isbn}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; available to replace the basic functionality of the ISBN magic link. This makes it easier for wikis who wish to migrate off of the deprecated magic link functionality to do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145604]
* Two new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35401|Jju]] ([[w:kaj:|&lt;code&gt;w:kaj:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413283]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q1186896|Nawat]] ([[w:ppl:|&lt;code&gt;w:ppl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413273]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. 

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new global user group has been created: [[{{int:grouppage-local-bot}}|{{int:group-local-bot}}]]. It will be used internally by the software to allow community bots to bypass rate limits that are applied to abusive [[w:en:Web scraping|web scrapers]]. Accounts that are approved as bots on at least one Wikimedia wiki will be automatically added to this group. It will not change what user permissions the bot has. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415588]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.15|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Spring 2026|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Spring 2026]] will be held March 25–27 in Salt Lake City, USA. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/AZBWVI46SDEB65PGR5J6E4TYOQQEZXM7/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:30, 9 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Team]] will be performing a cleanup of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Etherpad|Etherpad]] instance, the web-based editor for real-time collaborative document editing. All pads will be permanently deleted after 30 April, 2026 – if there are still migration projects in progress at that point the team can revisit the date on a case by case basis. Please create local backups of any content you wish to keep, as deleted data cannot be recovered. This cleanup helps reduce database size and minimize infrastructure footprint. Etherpad will continue to support real-time collaboration, but long-term storage should not be expected. Additional cleanups may occur in the future without prior notice. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415237]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Information Retrieval team will be launching an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Android mobile app experiment]] that tests hybrid search capabilities which can handle both semantic and keyword queries. The improvement of on-platform search will enable readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. The experiment will first be launched on Greek Wikipedia in late February, followed by English, French, and Portuguese in March. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/ Read more] on Diff blog. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Information_Retrieval]
* The Reader Growth team will run [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.10.2 Mobile Table of Contents|an experiment]] for mobile web users, that adds a table of contents and automatically expands all article sections, to learn more about navigation issues they face. The test will be available on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias.
* Previously, site notices ([[{{ns:8}}:Sitenotice]] and [[{{ns:8}}:Anonnotice]]) would only render on the desktop site. Now, they will render on all platforms. Users on mobile web will now see these notices and be informed. Site administrators should be prepared to test and fix notices on mobile devices to avoid interference with articles. To opt out, interface admins can add &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#siteNotice { display: none; }&lt;/code&gt; to [[{{ns:8}}:Minerva.css]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138572][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416644]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue on [[Special:RecentChanges|Special:RecentChanges]] has been fixed. Previously, clicking hide in the active filters caused the &quot;view new changes since…&quot; button to disappear, though it should have remained visible. The button now behaves as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406339]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* New documentation is now available to help editors debug on-site search features. It supports troubleshooting when pages do not appear in results, when ranking seems unexpected, and when you need to inspect what content is being indexed, helping make search behavior easier to understand and analyze. [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/Debug|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411169]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.16|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:17, 16 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]] has been deployed to English Wikipedia, completing its rollout across all Wikipedias. The feature prompts newcomers to add a citation before publishing new content, helping reduce common citation-related reverts and improve verifiability. In A/B testing, the impact was substantial: newcomers shown Reference Check were approximately 2.2 times more likely to include a reference on desktop and about 17.5 times more likely on mobile web. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/reference_check_ab_test_report_final_2025.html]
'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:InterwikiSorting|InterwikiSorting extension]], which allowed for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interwiki sorting order|sorting of interwiki links]], has been undeployed from Wikipedia. As a result, editors who had enabled interwiki link sorting in non-compact mode (full list format) will now see links reordered. The links moving forward will be listed in the alphabetical order of language code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253764]
* Later this week, people who are editing a page-section using the mobile visual editor, will notice a new &quot;Edit full page&quot; button. When tapped, you will be able to edit the entire article. This helps when the change you want to make is outside the section you initially opened. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409112]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|The Reader Experience team]] is inviting editors to assess whether dark mode should still be considered &quot;beta&quot; on their wiki, based on their experience of how well it functions on desktop and mobile. If the feature is deemed mature, editors can update the interface messages in &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:skin-theme-description&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Vector-night-mode-beta-tag&lt;/code&gt; to indicate that dark mode is ready and no longer considered beta.
* The improved [[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Activity_Tab|Activity tab]] which displays user-insights is now available to all users of the Wikipedia iOS app (version 7.9.0 and later). Following earlier A/B testing that showed higher account creation among users with access to the feature, it has been rolled out to 100% of users along with some updates. The Activity tab now shows your edited articles in the timeline, offers editing impact insights like contribution counts and article view trends, and customization options to improve in-app experience for users.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug that prevented [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] from working on mobile has now been fixed, restoring full functionality. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415303]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that makes this possible continues to improve. The latest upgrade is the inclusion of a [[mw:Extension:GlobalWatchlist#hook|new hook]], &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.globalwatchlist.rebuild&lt;/code&gt;, which fires after each watchlist rebuild. This allows you to run gadgets and user scripts for the Special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275159]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.17|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:03, 23 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikipedia 25 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|Birthday mode]] is now live on Betawi, Breton, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, Gorontalo, Indonesian, Italian, Luxembourgish, Madurese, Sicilian, Spanish, Thai, and Vietnamese Wikipedias! This limited-time campaign feature celebrates 25 years of Wikipedia with a birthday mascot, Baby Globe. When turned on, Baby Globe is shown on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments/article configuration|~2,500 articles]], waiting to be discovered by readers. Communities can choose to turn Birthday mode on by getting consensus from their community and asking an admin to enable the feature and customize it via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#Community Configuration Demo|community configuration]] on the local wiki.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to Swedish Wikipedia, Polish Wikipedia and [[:phab:T418209|a couple of other wikis]]. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|try the feature]] on these projects or on testwiki and [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing betawiki]. Learnings from the first pilot wiki German Wikipedia have been [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published in a report]]. Reach out to the Wikimedia Deutschland team if you are [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|interested in becoming a pilot wiki]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Paste check|Paste Check]] will become available at all Wikipedias this week. The feature prompts newcomers who are pasting text they are not likely to have written into VisualEditor to consider whether doing so risks a copyright violation. Paste Check [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|tags]] all edits where it is shown for potential review. Local administrators can configure various aspects of the feature via [[{{#special:EditChecks}}]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#A/B Experiment|Research]] across 22 wikis found that Paste Check resulted in an 18% decrease in relative reverted-edits compared to the control group. Translators can [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&amp;filter=&amp;optional=1&amp;action=translate help to localize] this and related features.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] will be standardizing the user menu in the top right for all mobile users so that it is closer to the desktop experience. Currently this user menu is only visible to users with Advanced Mobile Controls (AMC) turned on. The only change is that a couple buttons previously in the left-side menu will move to the top right for users who do not have AMC turned on. This change is expected to go out March 9 and seeks to improve the user interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413912]
* Starting in the week of March 2, the emails sent out when an email address was added, removed, or changed for an account will switch to a substantially nicer and clearer HTML email from the prior plaintext one. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410807]
* Notifications are currently limited to 2,000 historic entries per user, and extend back to 2013 when the feature was released. This is going to be changed to only store Notifications from the last 5 years, but up to 10,000 of them. This will help with long-term infrastructure health and help to prevent more recent notifications from disappearing too soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page continues to see improvements. The latest update improves label usage experience. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] now allows activating the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback languages|language fallback system]] for Wikidata items without labels in the viewed language, and showing those labels in the user’s preferred Wikidata language if no &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;uselang=&lt;/code&gt; URL parameter is provided. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373686][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416111]
* The Wikipedia Android team has started a beta test of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|hybrid search]] on Greek Wikipedia. Hybrid search capabilities can handle both semantic and keyword queries enabling readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily.
* For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Currently, 2FA is required to use the group, but not to be a member of it. Given that this model still has some vulnerabilities, the situation will [[phab:T418580|gradually change in March]]. Members of these groups will be unable to disable last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the second half of March, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. This applies to: CentralNotice administrators, checkusers, interface administrators, suppressors, Wikidata staff, Wikifunctions staff, WMF Office IT and WMF Trust &amp; Safety. Nothing will change for other users. See the linked task for deployment schedule. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418580]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue preventing users from creating an instance in [https://www.wikibase.cloud/ Wikibase.cloud] has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416807]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], over the next month the Wikimedia Foundation will implement global API rate limits across our APIs. In early March, stricter limits will be applied to unidentified requests from outside Toolforge/WMCS and API requests that are made from web browsers. In April, higher limits will be applied to identified traffic. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The Wikidata Query Service Linked Data Fragment (LDF) endpoint will be decommissioned in February. This endpoint served limited traffic, which was successfully migrated to other data access methods that were better suited to support existing use cases. The hardware used to support the LDF endpoint will be reallocated to support the ongoing backend migration efforts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415696]
* The new Parsoid parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], improving platform sustainability and making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. Parsoid is now the default parser on 488 WMF wikis (268 Wikipedias), now covering more than 10% of all Wikipedia page views.
* The process and criteria for [[Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise#Access|requesting exceptional access]] to the high volume feed of the ''Wikimedia Enterprise'' APIs (at no cost for mission-aligned usecases), [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Enterprise#Exceptional access criteria|have now been published]]. This is to provide more thorough and clearer documentation for users.
* [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/ Tech Blog], the blog dedicated to the Wikimedia technical community [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2026/02/24/a-tech-blog-diff/ will be migrating] to [[diffblog:|Diff]], the community news and event blog. The migration should be complete in April 2026, after which new posts will be accepted for publishing. Readers will be able to access posts – old and new – on the landing page at https://diff.wikimedia.org/techblog.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.18|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:51, 2 March 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.
* Last week, all wikis had 2 hours of read-only time, and extended unavailability for user-scripts and gadgets. This was due to a security incident which has since been resolved. Work is ongoing to prevent re-occurrences. For current information please see the [[m:Steward's noticeboard#Statement on Meta about today's user script security incident|post on the Stewards' noticeboard]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Product Safety and Integrity/March 2026 User Script Incident|translations]]).

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users facing multiple blocks on mobile will now see the reasons for each block separately, instead of a generic message. This helps them understand why they are blocked and what steps they can take to resolve the issue. For example, users affected for using common VPNs (such as [[Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|iCloud Private Relay]]) will receive clearer guidance on what they need to do to start editing again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357118]
* Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] will become available as a beta feature within the visual editor at all Wikipedias. This feature proactively suggests various types of actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, and learn about related guidelines. The feature is locally configurable, and can also be locally expanded with custom Suggestions. Current settings can be seen at [[Special:EditChecks]] and there are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators %E2%80%93 local customization|instructions for how administrators can customize]] the links to point to local guidelines. The feature is connected to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit check]] which suggests improvements while someone is writing new content. In the future, the Editing team plans to evaluate the feature's impact with newcomers through a controlled experiment. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404600]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where the cursor became misaligned during the use of CodeMirror’s syntax highlighting, which makes wikitext and code easier to read, has now been fixed. This problem specifically affected users who defined a font rule in a custom stylesheet while creating a new topic with DiscussionTools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418793]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* API rate limiting update: To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], global API rate limits will be applied this week to requests without a compliant User-Agent that originate from outside Toolforge/WMCS and to unauthenticated requests made from web browsers. Higher limits will be applied to identified traffic in April. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The new GraphQL API has been released. The API was developed as a flexible alternative to select features of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS), to improve developer experience and foster adaptability, and efficient data access. Try it out and [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL#Feedback and development|give feedback]]. You can also [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply sign up for usability tests].
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|PTAC Unsupported Tools Working Group]] continued improvements to [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons#|Video2Commons]] in February, with fixes addressing authentication errors, large-file handling, task queue visibility, and clearer upload behavior. Work is still ongoing in some areas, including changes related to deprecated server-side uploads. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group#February 2026|this update]] to learn more.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.19|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The Article Guidance team invites experienced Wikipedia editors from selected [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators#Collaborators|pilot wikis]] and interested contributors from other Wikipedias to fill out this questionnaire which is available in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfmLeVWnxmsCbPoI_UF2jyRcn73WRGWCVPHzerXb4Cz97X_Ag/viewform English], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd6rzr4XXQw8r4024fE3geTPFe13M_6w7Mitj-YJi0sOlWTAw/viewform?usp=header Arabic], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdok3-RfB18lcugYTUMGkpwmqG_8p760Wv4dCXitOXOszjUDw/viewform?usp=header Bengali], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfjTfYp4jEo0akA4B1e-Nfg3QZPCudUjhJzHzzDi6AHyAaMGA/viewform?usp=header Japanese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScteVoI29Aue4xc72dekk-6RYtvmMgQxzMI900UOawrFrSTWg/viewform?usp=header Portuguese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSetdxnYwL3ub2vqA7awCg5hJZPMIYcDPaiTe12rY9h0GYnVlw/viewform?usp=header Persian], and [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScNvfJF-Ot-4pzA4qAN771_0QDJ4Li19YcUsaTgSKW8Nc7U_Q/viewform?usp=header Turkish]. Your answers will help the team customize guidance for less experienced editors and help them learn community policies and practices while creating an article. Learn more [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|on the project page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:52, 9 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30213008 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2026-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature, also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], has been used for wikitext syntax highlighting since November 2024. It will be promoted out of beta by May 2026 in order to bring improvements and new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Features|features]] to all editors who use the standard syntax highlighter. If you have any questions or concerns about promoting the feature out of beta, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|please share]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059]
* Some changes to local user groups are performed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and logged there only. Now, interwiki rights changes will be logged both on Meta-Wiki and the wiki of the target user to make it easier to access a full record of user's rights changes on a local wiki. Past log entries for such changes will be backfilled in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6055]
* On wikis using [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]], the number of pending changes shown on [[{{#Special:PendingChanges}}]] previously counted pages which were no longer pending review, because they have been removed from the system without being reviewed, e.g. due to being deleted, moved to a different namespace, or due to wiki configuration changes. The count will be correct now. On some wikis the number shown will be much smaller than before. There should be no change to the list of pages itself. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413016]
* Wikifunctions composition language has been rewritten, resulting in a new version of the language. This change aims to increase service stability by reducing the orchestrator's memory consumption. This rewrite also enables substantial latency reduction, code simplification, and better abstractions, which will open the door to later feature additions. Read more about [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|the changes]].
* Users can now sort search results alphabetically by page title. The update gives an additional option to finding pages more easily and quickly. Previously, results could be sorted by Edit date, Creation date, or Relevance. To use the new option, open 'Advanced Search' on the search results page and select 'Alphabetically' under 'Sorting Order'. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403775]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons from importing files from Flickr has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419263]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new special page, [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}]], has been created to list transcluded pages that are flagged as containing lint errors to help users discover them easily. The list is sorted by the number of transclusions with errors. For example: [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}/night-mode-unaware-background-color]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170874]
* Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature have been using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages, for some time now. Along with promoting CodeMirror 6 out of beta, the plan is to replace CodeEditor as the standard editor for these content models by May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|Feedback or concerns are welcome]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] JavaScript modules will soon be upgraded to CodeMirror 6. Leading up to the upgrade, loading the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.lib&lt;/code&gt; modules from gadgets and user scripts was deprecated in July 2025. The use of the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.switch&lt;/code&gt; hook was also deprecated in March 2025. Contributors can now make their scripts or gadgets compatible with CodeMirror 6. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror#Gadgets and user scripts|migration guide]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373720]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team is expanding coverage of REST API module definitions to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API/Extensions|extension APIs]]. REST API modules are groups of related endpoints that can be independently managed and versioned. Modules now exist for [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414470 GrowthExperiments] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419053 Wikifunctions] APIs. As we migrate extension APIs to this structure, documentation will move out of the main MediaWiki OpenAPI spec and REST Sandbox view, and will instead be accessible via module-specific options in the dropdown on the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox] (i.e., [[{{#Special:RestSandbox}}]], available on all wiki projects).
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] extension provides different pieces of information about the wiki where the module is being used via the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual|mw.site]] library. Starting last week, the library also provides a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.site.wikiId|way]] of accessing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Wiki ID|wiki ID]] that can be used to facilitate cross-wiki module maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146616]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.20|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|2026 Coolest Tool Award]] celebrating outstanding community tools, is now open for nominations! Nominate your favorite tool using the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/435684?lang=en nomination survey] form by 23 March 2026. For more information on privacy and data handling, please see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Coolest_Tool_Award_2026_Survey_Privacy_Statement|survey privacy statement]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:35, 16 March 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikimedia site users can now log in without a password using passkeys. This is a secure method supported by fingerprint, facial recognition, or PIN. With this change, all users who opt for passwordless login will find it easier, faster, and more secure to log in to their accounts using any device. The new passkey login option currently appears as an autofill suggestion in the username field. An additional [[phab:T417120|&quot;Log in with passkey&quot; button]] will soon be available for users who have already registered a passkey. This update will improve security and user experience. The [[c:File:Passwordless_login_screencast.webm|screen recording]] demonstrates the passwordless login process step by step.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia site users can now export their notifications older than 5 years using a [[toolforge:echo-chamber|new Toolforge tool]]. This will ensure that users retain their important notifications and avoid them being lost based on the planned change to delete notifications older than 5 years, as previously announced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* Wikipedia editors in Indonesian, Thai, Turkish, and Simple English now have access to Special:PersonalDashboard. This is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Dashboard|early version of an experience]] that introduces newer editors to patrolling workflows, making it easier for them to move from making edits to participating in more advanced moderation work on their project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402647]
* The [[Special:Block]] now has two minor interface changes. Administrators can now easily perform indefinite blocks through a dedicated radio button in the expiry section. Also, choosing an indefinite expiry provides a different set of common reasons to select from, which can be changed at: [[MediaWiki:Ipbreason-indef-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401823]
* Mobile editors [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Logged-out|at several wikis]] can now see an improved logged-out edit warning, thanks to the recent updates from the Growth team. These changes released last week are part of ongoing efforts and tests to enhance [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|account creation experience on mobile]] and then increase participation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408484]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:36}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:36|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented mobile web users from seeing the block information when affected by multiple blocks has been fixed. They can now see messages of all the blocks currently affecting them when they access Wikipedia.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Images built using Toolforge will soon get the upgraded buildpacks version, bringing support for newer language versions and other upstream improvements and fixes. If you use Toolforge Build Service, review the recent [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EMYTA32EV2V5SQ2JIEOD2CL66YFIZEKV/ cloud-announce email] and update your build configuration as necessary to ensure your tools are compatible. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Toolforge/Building_container_images&amp;oldid=2392097#Buildpack_environment_upgrade_process][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380127]

* The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal] documentation wiki will shut down in June 2026. API keys created on the API Portal will continue to work normally. api.wikimedia.org endpoints will be deprecated gradually starting in July 2026. Documentation on the API Portal is moving to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.21|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is considering improvements to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|automatically generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Please check out the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Proposed solutions|proposed solutions]] and participate in the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Request for comment|request for comment]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:51, 23 March 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-14 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Beta version of [[abstract:|Abstract Wikipedia]] a new Wikimedia project which is language-independent, was launched last week. The project allows communities to build Wikipedia articles in their native language, which can be readily accessed by other users in their own languages. The wiki is powered by instructions from Wikifunctions and also based on structured content from Wikidata. [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-26|Read more]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Growth team is running an A/B test to evaluate a clearer, more user-friendly message that promotes account creation on wikis. Currently when logged-out mobile users begin editing, they see a jarring warning message that can feel abrupt and discouraging. This also presents temporary account editing as the default rather than encouraging account creation. The test is running on ten Wikipedias, including Arabic, French, Spanish and German. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#2. Improve logged-out warning message (T415160)|Read more]].
* The Wikimedia Apps team is inviting feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Future of Editing on the Mobile Apps|how editing should work on the Wikipedia mobile apps]]. The discussion focuses on improving how users access editing tools when they tap &quot;Edit&quot;. This is part of a broader effort to convert readers who develop an interest in editing, to access a more user-friendly pathway to start contributing.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:45}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:45|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where citation fetching from the large newspaper archive [https://www.newspapers.com Newspapers.com] was no longer working, due to a block in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid|Citoid]] requests, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419903]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.22|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W14&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:25, 30 March 2026 (UTC)
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      <text bytes="2673" sha1="dh78gl5vwvbixjrtw9g4b0x98euszcl" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;Rocky 734&quot; /&gt;{{Left|00}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;ᱩᱱᱡᱷᱚᱜ ᱩᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱯᱟᱱᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱝᱨᱮ ᱪᱷᱩᱴᱟᱹᱣᱜ ᱟᱭ ᱾ᱟᱵᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱯᱟᱱᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱝ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱹᱷᱞᱤᱧᱟᱜ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱩᱨᱩᱢᱩᱴᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱾

ᱨᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱤᱫᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱲᱛᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱠᱚ ᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟᱫᱚ ᱵᱤᱱᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱛᱤᱭᱚ ᱟᱨᱡᱭᱚ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱲᱢᱟ ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱤᱠ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱥᱴᱨᱤᱠ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱠᱷᱟᱹᱱ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱟᱠ ᱱᱤᱛ ᱟᱵᱚ ᱴᱷᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜ
ᱛᱮ ᱟᱨᱡᱭᱚ ᱜᱩᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱮ ᱯᱟᱸᱡᱟ ᱛᱮᱵᱚ ᱵᱚᱲᱦᱮᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱯᱚᱛᱚᱵ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱦᱚᱲ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟᱠᱚ ᱞ‍ᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱭ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱟ ᱾ ᱦᱟᱱᱟ ᱠᱚᱨᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱟᱵᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱤᱠᱤ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱜᱮᱥᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨᱟ ᱯᱩᱥᱴᱟᱹᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱠᱟᱜᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱚᱵᱮ, ᱚᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱡᱩᱛ ᱱᱟᱺᱦᱤᱡ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ
ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱚᱞ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱨᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤᱜᱮ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱭᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾
ᱥᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱯᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱟᱶᱦᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱩᱴᱟᱹᱫᱚ ᱨᱚᱲ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ, ᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱚᱱᱚᱲ ᱨᱮᱜᱮ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ ᱟ ᱾

{{rh|{{sc|ᱵᱟᱨᱤᱯᱚᱫᱟ&lt;br/&gt;᱑᱙.᱐᱗.᱒᱐᱑᱒}}||{{center|ᱰᱨᱹ ᱫᱚᱢᱚᱭᱚᱱᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱥᱨᱟ&lt;br/&gt;ᱟᱨ&lt;br/&gt;ᱜᱚᱝᱜᱟᱫᱷᱚᱨ ᱦᱟᱸᱱᱫᱟᱜ}}}}

[[Category:ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <title>Template:Sisterprojects-sh</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Koavf</username>
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      <comment>RIP</comment>
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      <text bytes="2347" sha1="fi72zwxhqitqnka87nuh1ggh1ut7qy8" xml:space="preserve">Wikiteka je pohranjena na serverima [[w:Wikimedia Foundation|Fondacije Wikimedija]], neprofitne organizacije koja upravlja i mnogim drugim projektima:
{| class=&quot;plainlinks noresize&quot; style=&quot;width: 100%;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;4&quot;
|-
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wiktionary-logo.svg|35x35px|link=http://sh.wiktionary.org|alt=Logo of Wiktionary]]
| '''[http://sh.wiktionary.org Wikirječnik]'''&lt;br /&gt;Slobodni rječnik
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikiquote-logo.svg|35x41px|link=http://sh.wikiquote.org|alt=Logo of Wikiquote]]
| '''[http://sh.wikiquote.org Wikicitat]'''&lt;br /&gt;Slobodni zbornik citata
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikibooks-logo.svg|35x35px|link=http://sh.wikibooks.org|alt=Logo of Wikibooks]]
| '''[http://sh.wikibooks.org Wikiknjige]'''&lt;br /&gt;Slobodne knjige i priručnici
|-
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikispecies-logo.svg|35x41px|link=wikispecies:|alt=Logo of Wikispecies]]
| '''[[wikispecies:|Wikivrste]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Katalog bioloških vrsta
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg|35x37px|link=http://sh.wikipedia.org|alt=Logo of Wikipedia]]
| '''[http://sh.wikipedia.org Wikipedija]'''&lt;br /&gt;Slobodna enciklopedija
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikiversity logo 2017.svg|41x31px|link=http://sh.wikiversity.org|alt=Logo of Wikiversity]]
| '''[http://www.wikiversity.org Wikiverzitet]'''&lt;br /&gt;Obrazovni materijali
|-
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Commons-logo.svg|31x41px|link=commons:|alt=Logo of Wikimedia Commons]]
| '''[[commons:|Ostava]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Skladište datoteka
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikidata-logo.svg|35x36px|link=d:|alt=Logo of Wikidata]]
| '''[[d:|Wikipodaci]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Slobodna baza znanja
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikifunctions-logo.svg|41x31px|link=http://www.wikifunctions.org|alt=Logo of Wikifunctions]]
| '''[http://www.wikifunctions.org Wikifunkcije]'''&lt;br /&gt;Slobodne softverske funkcije
|-
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg|31x41px|link=m:|alt=Logo of MediaWiki]]
| '''[[mw:|MediaWiki]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Slobodni wiki-softver
| style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; | [[File:Wikimedia Community Logo.svg|35x36px|link=m:|alt=Logo of Wikimedia community]]
| '''[[meta:|Meta&amp;#8209;Wiki]]'''&lt;br /&gt;Koordinacija projekata
|}&lt;noinclude&gt;
[[Category:templates|{{PAGENAME}}]][[Category:Srpskohrvatski]]
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  <page>
    <title>Page:ཚད་མ་རྣམ་འགྲེལ་གྱི་འགྲེལ་པ། བམ་པོ་དང་པོ།.pdf/39</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Pecha-pema</username>
        <id>890001</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Validated */</comment>
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      <text bytes="4651" sha1="ns9rhxwxia6a0iiqjir7vw5326gn9w2" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;Pecha-pema&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;
སྤྲོ་བར་བྱེད་དོ། །ཆོས་ནི་ཆོས་ཅན་ལས་གཞན་པ་ཡང་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། དོན་གཞན་མི་བརྗོད་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་ཉིད་ཀྱང་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། དེ་བརྗོད་པ་དག་བཞིན་དུ་ཆོས་བརྗོད་པ་རྣམས་ཀྱིས་ཀྱང་རྣམ་པར་གཅོད་པ་གཞན་འཕེན་པར་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར་བའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་ལྟ་ན་ནི་
འདོད་པའི་ཤེས་པར་མི་འགྱུར་བའི་ཕྱིར་བརྡའི་ཁྱད་པར་མི་བྱ་བར་མི་འགྱུར་རོ། །ཆོས་དང་ཆོས་ཅན་དག་བརྗོད་པར་བྱ་བ་མ་ཡིན་པ་ཉིད་འདི་ནི་སྒྲའི་དོན་ལ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དངོས་པོ་ལ་ནི་རང་གི་མཚན་ཉིད་ལས་སྤྱིའི་མཚན་ཉིད་བརྗོད་པར་བྱ་བ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ་མེད་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །
ཆོས་དང་ཆོས་ཅན་དག་ཐ་དད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ན། ཐ་དད་པ་ལ་དྲུག་པ་ལ་སོགས་པར་རྣམ་པར་དབྱེ་བ་མཐོང་བ་དང་། ཆོས་མང་བའི་ཕྱིར་དེ་ལ་མང་པོའི་ཚིག་གི་བྱེ་བྲག་མཐོང་བ་ཡང་ཆོས་ཅན་གཅིག་ལ་མི་རུང་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནམ་ཞེ་ན། འདི་ལ་སྒྲ་རྣམས་ལ་རང་དབང་ཅན་ཉིད་ནི་མེད་
དོ་ཞེས་བཤད་ཟིན་ཏོ། །གཞན་ཡང་། གང་དག་གི་ཚིག་དངོས་པོའི་དབང་། །ལྷུར་བརྗོད་འདོད་ལ་མི་བརྟེན་པ། །དེ་དག་ལ་ནི་དྲུག་པ་དང་། །ཚིག་དབྱེ་ལ་སོགས་ཀླན་ཀ་རིགས། །གལ་ཏེ་སྒྲ་འདི་དག་སྐྱེས་བུ་རྣམས་ཀྱིས་འགའ་ཞིག་ལ་བྱ་བར་འདོད་དུ་ཟིན་ཀྱང་
དུ་བ་ལ་སོགས་པ་བཞིན་དུ་དངོས་པོ་དང་འབྲེལ་པའི་ཕྱིར་བྱ་བར་མི་ནུས་ན་དེའི་ཚེ་ཇི་ལྟར་དྲུག་པ་ལ་སོགས་པར་འགྱུར། ཞེས་བྱ་བའི་ཀླན་ཀ་འདིར་འགྱུར་གྱི། གང་གི་ཚེ། ཕྱི་རོལ་དོན་ལ་མི་ལྟོས་པའི། །ཚིག་གང་སྨྲ་བོས་ཇི་ལྟ་བུར། །རྗོད་བྱེད་ཉིད་དུ་ངེས་བྱེད་པ། །
དེ་དེ་བཞིན་དུ་རྗོད་བྱེད་ཡིན། །ཐ་དད་པ་ལ་ནི་དྲུག་པའོ། །མང་པོ་ལ་ནི་བྱེད་པ་པོ་རྣམས་སོ། །ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ལ་སོགས་པ་དེ་ཡང་སྐྱེས་བུའི་འདོད་པ་ལ་མི་ལྟོས་པ་ཉིད་དུ་དངོས་པོ་ཉེ་བ་ཙམ་གྱིས་རང་ཉིད་ཞུགས་པ་ནི་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། དེ་དག་ནི་དེ་ལ་དེ་ལྟར་སྦྱོར་བས་དེ་ལྟར་གོ་བར་འགྱུར་
རོ། །དེ་བཞིན་དུ་གཞན་ལ་ལ་ཡང་དེ་དག་གིས་ཇི་ལྟར་ཡང་རུང་རབ་ཏུ་སྦྱར་བ་དེ་ཁོ་ན་བཞིན་དུ་གོ་བའི་རྒྱུ་དག་ཏུ་འགྱུར་རོ། །དེ་ལ་ནི་བརྗོད་པར་བྱ་བ་དག་སྐྱེས་བུ་ལ་རག་ལས་ཏེ། འཇུག་པའི་སྒྲ་དངོས་པོ་ཡང་དག་པར་མི་སྟོན་པ་ཇི་ལྟར་གོམས་པ་བཞིན་རྣམ་པར་རྟོག་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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༄༅། །པ་སད་པའི་རྒྱུར་གྱུར་པ་རྣམས་འཇུག་པ་སེམས་པ་དང་། དེའི་དབང་གིས་དངོས་པོ་རྣམ་པར་འཇོག་པ་ནི་བླུན་པར་སྟོན་པ་འབའ་ཞིག་ཏུ་ཟད་དོ། །ཆོས་དང་ཆོས་ཅན་ལ་སོགས་པ་ལ་སྒྲ་དག་དེ་ལྟར་རྣམ་པར་གཞག་པར་བྱས་ཀྱི། ལྡོག་པ་
དང་དངོས་པོ་ཐ་དད་པའི་སྒོ་ནས་ནི་མ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་འདི་ག་ལས་ཤེ་ན། དེ་ལྟར་ན་ཐ་སྙད་མི་རུང་བའི་ཕྱིར་ཏེ། ཆོས་དང་ཆོས་ཅན་དག་ཐ་དད་པའམ། དེའི་ངོ་བོ་ཡིན་པའམ། སྒྲ་རྣམས་དངོས་པོ་ཇི་ལྟ་བ་བཞིན་དུ་འཇུག་པ་ཡིན་ནོ། །སྤྱི་དང་དེ་དག་གི་འབྲེལ་པ་དང་།
གཞི་མཐུན་པ་ཉིད་དང་། ཁྱད་པར་དང་ཁྱད་པར་གྱི་གཞིའི་དངོས་པོ་དག་མི་རུང་ངོ་ཞེས་འཆད་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །གང་ཡང་སྒྲ་འཇུག་པའི་ཁྱད་པར་འདི་ནི་ཐམས་ཅད་དུ་དངོས་པོས་བྱས་པ་ཁོ་ནར་འདོད་པ་དེའི། བཙུན་མོ་རྣམས་གྲོང་དྲུག་ལ་སོགས། །ཐ་དད་ཐ་དད་མིན་
གཞན་པའམ། །ནམ་མཁའི་རང་བཞིན་ནམ་མཁའ་ཉིད། །ཅེས་བྱ་བ་འདི་ལ་རྒྱུ་ཅི་ཡོད། གང་གི་ཚེ་བུད་མེད་གཅིག་ལ་ཡང་བཙུན་མོ་རྣམས་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་དང་། བྱེ་མ་གཅིག་ལ་ཡང་བྱེ་མ་རྣམས་ཞེས་ཐ་སྙད་འདོགས་པ་དེ་ལ་གང་གིས་ན་དེ་ལྟ་བུར་འགྱུར་བའི་མང་པོ་ཉིད་
ཅི་ཞིག་ཡོད། གལ་ཏེ་ནུས་པ་ཐ་དད་པ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། དེ་ནི་ཐམས་ཅད་དུ་གཅིག་གིས་ཚིག་ཉམས་པ་ཡིན་ཏེ། ནུས་པ་གཅིག་པ་མེད་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །འབད་པ་ཡང་དོན་མེད་དོ། །གལ་ཏེ་དངོས་པོ་ཐ་མི་དད་པའི་ཕྱིར་གཞན་ལ་གཅིག་གི་ཚིག་ཏུ་འགྱུར་རོ་ཞེ་ན།
འདི་ལ་ཡང་འགྱུར་རོ། །དེའི་ཕྱིར་ངེས་པ་དངོས་པོ་མ་ཡིན་པ་འདི་བྱེད་པ་ན། སྒྲ་སྦྱོར་བ་ལ་འདོད་པ་རང་དབང་ཅན་དུ་སྟོན་པ་ཡིན་ནོ། །གྲོང་ཁྱེར་དྲུག་ཅེས་བྱ་བ་ཡང་ཇི་ལྟར་མང་པོ་དག་ལ་གཅིག་གི་ཚིག་ཏུ་འགྱུར། གྲོང་ཁྱེར་ཉིད་ཀྱང་ཅུང་ཟད་ཀྱང་མེད་ན། དེ་རྣམས་ལ་
སྡུད་པ་ལྟ་ག་ལ་ཡོད། ཁང་བཟངས་དང་སྐྱེས་བུ་ལ་སོགས་པ་རིགས་མི་མཐུན་པ་རྣམས་ཀྱིས་མི་རྩོམ་པའི་ཕྱིར། དེ་རྣམས་ཀྱི་སྤྱི་ལྟ་ཞིག་རྫས་གང་ལ་ཡིན་ཏེ། ལྡན་པ་མེད་པའི་ཡང་ཕྱིར་རོ། །ལྡན་པ་ནི་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། ཁང་བཟངས་རང་ཉིད་ལྡན་པའི་བདག་ཉིད་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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ཡིན་པ་གཞན་དང་མི་ལྡན་པའི་ཡང་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་ཉིད་ཀྱི་ཕྱིར་གྲངས་ཀྱང་མེད་དེ། གལ་ཏེ་གྲོང་ཁྱེར་ནི་ལྡན་པ་དེ་དང་སྐྱེས་བུས་ཁྱད་པར་དུ་བྱས་པའི་ཡོད་པ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། བོགས་དབྱུང་དུ་མེད་པ་འདི་ལ་ཁྱད་པར་ཅི་ཞིག་ཡོད། ཡོད་པ་ཡང་གཅིག་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར། གྲོང་
ཁྱེར་མང་པོ་ཉིད་ལ་ཡང་གྲོང་ཁྱེར་རྣམས་ཞེས་མང་པོའི་ཚིག་ཏུ་མི་འགྱུར་རོ། །གལ་ཏེ་གཉིས་ཕན་ཚུན་གྲོགས་བྱེད་པ་ཉིད་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། ཕན་པར་བྱ་བ་དང་ཕན་པར་བྱེད་པ་པོ་མ་ཡིན་པ་དག་ལ་གྲོགས་བྱེད་པའི་དངོས་པོ་ཅི་ཞིག་ཡོད། སྐྱེས་བུ་དང་ལྡན་པ་དང་། ཡོད་པ་
རྣམས་ཀྱང་མང་བའི་ཕྱིར། ཇི་ལྟར་གྲོང་ཁྱེར་ཞེས་གཅིག་གི་ཚིག་ཏུ་འགྱུར། གལ་ཏེ་དེ་ལྟ་བུ་རྣམས་དོན་འགའ་ཞིག་ལ་ནུས་པ་ཐ་མི་དད་པ་ཡོད་པས་དེ་རྒྱུ་མཚན་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། ནུས་པ་ནི་དངོས་པོའི་ངོ་བོ་ལས་ཐ་མི་དད་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ།། །།བམ་པོ་
གསུམ་པ། འོན་ཏེ་ཐ་དད་ན་ནི་ཕན་པར་བྱ་བ་མ་ཡིན་པ་ལ་གཞན་གྱི་དབང་མི་རུང་བའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །འོན་ཏེ་ཕན་ན་ནི་ནུས་པ་ལ་ཕན་འདོགས་པའི་ནུས་པས་ཐུག་པ་མེད་པའི་ཕྱིར་རྟོགས་པ་མེད་དོ། །འོན་ཏེ་དེ་དང་ཐ་མི་དད་ན་ནི་དང་པོ་ལ་ཡང་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར་བས་ད་ནི་གྱི་ནའོ། །
ནམ་མཁའི་རང་བཞིན་ནམ་མཁའ་ཉིད་ཅེས་བྱ་བ་ཐ་དད་པའི་རྟེན་གྱི་དྲུག་པར་ཡང་མི་འགྱུར་ཏེ། དེ་ལ་སྤྱི་ནི་མེད་དོ། །ཁྱབ་པ་ཉིད་ལ་སོགས་པ་ཡོན་ཏན་རྣམས་ལ་དེ་སྐད་དུ་བརྗོད་པ་ཡང་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། དོན་གཞན་པ་ནི་དེའི་རང་བཞིན་ཡིན་པ་ཉིད་དུ་མི་རུང་བའི་ཕྱིར་དང་། དེ་
དག་ཀྱང་རང་བཞིན་མེད་པ་ཉིད་དུ་ཐལ་བའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་ཡང་རང་བཞིན་དོན་གཞན་པ་ཅན་ཡིན་ན་ནི་ཧ་ཅང་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར་ཏེ། དེ་ལྟ་ན་ཡང་རྟོགས་པ་མེད་དོ། །དེ་བཞིན་དུ་དངོས་པོ་དྲུག་གི་ཚོགས་ལ་སོགས་པ་ལ་ཡང་བརྗོད་པར་བྱ་སྟེ། དེ་ལ་སྤྱི་དང་གྲངས་དང་ལྡན་པ་ནི་མི་སྲིད་དོ། །ད་ནི་
ཁྱད་པར་མེད་ན་ཇི་ལྟར་ནམ་མཁའི་རང་བཞིན་ཞེས་བྱའི། ནམ་མཁའ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ཁོ་ན་ནི་མ་ཡིན་ཞེ་ན། ནམ་མཁའི་དོན་གཞན་དང་ཐུན་མོང་བའི་ངོ་བོ་ལ་མི་ལྟོས་པར་ནམ་མཁའ་ཞེས་བྱ་བའི་སྒྲ་འཇུག་པའི་རྒྱུའི་ངོ་བོ་ལ་དེ་ལྟ་བུར་ཤེས་པར་འདོད་པ་དེ་སྐད་དུ་བརྗོད་དོ། །ཐམས་ཅད་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <title>သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/တႃႈၵွင်</title>
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| title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး
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ၵဵဝ်ႇၵပ်းလိူင်ႈ တႆးၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇၼႆႉ တူဝ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ ၶဝ်ၵေႃႈ တိုၼ်းဝႃႈ ၶိူဝ်းတႆးၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်း ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉမႃးတီႈ ၶိူဝ်းသၵျသႃႇၵီႇ ၼႆယူႇ။ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းတႆး မိူဝ်ႈၵဝ်ႇၵဝ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႇၼႄဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈၼႃႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ လွၼ်ႉၵီႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၵူၼ်း မွၵ်ႈ 300 ပီပႆၢပႆၢၼၼ်ႉ ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ ဢၼ်ယူႇၼႂ်း မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး ပွတ်းၵၢင်ၶဝ် ယင်းမႃးၽွင်းငမ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆးၵွၼ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ.၃၃-၃၄။&lt;/ref&gt; ပေႃးဢဝ်ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ လၢမ်းထၢင်ႇတႄႉ တေပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်သၵျၶဝ် မႃးၽွင်းငမ်း မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉသေဝႃႈယူႇ။ 

မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် 688 ပီႇၸီႇ ၼႃႈၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ လွၼ်ႉၵီႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၵူၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်တႆးႁဝ်း ၽွင်းငမ်း ဝၢၼ်ႈမိူင်း မိူင်းသူႈ Tsu ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ မိူင်းသူႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်မိူင်းႁူမ်ႈတုမ်၊ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မီးသၢဝ်းမိူင်း ႁူမ်ႈၵၼ်ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဢဝ် ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်ဝႃႈတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၼႂ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းသႅၼ် (Tsen/Tien) ၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ရှမ်းတိုင်းရင်းသားများ၏ ယုံကြည်ကိုးကွယ်မှုနှင်.ဓလေ့ထုံးစံများ၊ အရှင်သုခ မိန္ဒ။ နှာ ၂၈၇။&lt;/ref&gt;

မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ် ပွတ်းၸဵင်ႇၸၢၼ်းဝၼ်းတူၵ်း မိူင်းသူႈ ၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉမီးမိူင်းတႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်မၢၼ်ႈၶဝ်ဝႃႈ တၵွင်း။ မိူင်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ယွၼ်ႉမၼ်းၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် တင်းၶိူဝ်းသၵျၶဝ်ဝႆႉလႄႈ ပေႃးၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပႅတ်ႈမၼ်းဢမ်ႇလႆႈ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း 'မႁႃႇရႃႇၸဝိၼ်ႇ'ၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးႁွင်ႉမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ပၢၼ်ၽြႃး ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းသၵျ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃးၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၵေႃႇတင်ႈဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်တႄႉ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ မီးၼႂ်းၸႄႈတွၼ်ႈၵၢတ်ႇသႃ ပဵၼ်ဝၢၼ်ႈဢွၼ်ႇၵူၺ်းယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ဝဵင်းတႃႈလိူဝ်ႇသေ ၶိုၼ်ႈၵႂႃႇၸွမ်းၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်ၸိုင်  မီးၽႆၢႇဢွၵ်ႇ ၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ် ပဵၼ်ပၢင်ႇပဵင်းလူင်ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;မြန်မာ့စွယ်စုံကျမ်း၊ အတွဲ ၄၊ နှာ ၃၉၈။&lt;/ref&gt;

မိူဝ်ႈဢေႇၻီႇ 1-8 ၼၼ်ႉ ၼိူဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ 'မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ' ယူႇမိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ်ၼႆႉ မီးတႆးၼမ်သေပိူၼ်ႈ၊ ထိသွင်ပဵၼ် ပိဝ်ႇ၊ ထိသၢမ်ပဵၼ် မွၼ်း၊ ထိသီႇပဵၼ် ရၶႅင်ႇ ပဵၼ်ၸိူဝ်ႉၶိူင်းလူင်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵူၺ်း။ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပႆႇမီးမၢၼ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈတႆးယူႇ။ မီးၼႂ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်တႆး၊ မီးၽၢႆႇၼိူဝ် မိူင်းဢႃႇဝ၊ မီးပႃႈဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်။ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈသမ်ႉႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းသၢင်းထွႆးၼႆယူႇ။&lt;ref&gt;ပိုၼ်းၶိူဝ်းပိူၼ်ႈတႅမ်ႈ တႆးလီႁူႉ၊ ၼႃႈ-2။&lt;/ref&gt;

ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸဝ်ႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇတႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼင်ႇၼၼ် မီးမိူင်းပျီႇၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၽရူမ်း၊ ၽၢႆႇတၢင်းတူၵ်း မီးၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်း ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၵၢၼ်းယၢၼ်ႇ၊ ၽၢႆႇႁွင်ႇတႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉမီးၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႅတ်ႉ၊ ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်လႄႈ ၸိတ်ႉတွင်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶိူဝ်းမွၼ်းၶဝ်ယူႇသဝ်း ယုမ်ႇယမ်ၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပိုၼ်းၶဝ် ယုမ်ႇယမ်ဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းၼင်ႇၼၼ် မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ဝဵင်း တႃႈႁိူဝ်းသိူၵ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

ဝဵင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဝဵင်းဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၵူၺ်းဢမ်ႇၵႃး သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ဝဵင်းဢၼ်ၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇတိတ်းတေႃႇၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် တင်းမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇလွၼ်ႉၵီႈၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်း 'မၢၼ်ႇၼၢၼ်းရႃႇၸဝိၼ်ႇ' ၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈဝႃႈ “မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၶုၼ် ၽိၼ်ႇၼၵ ၼႂ်းၸုမ်းသၵျၶဝ် သၢမ်သိပ်းသၢမ်ၵေႃႉ ၵေႃႉလဵၵ်ႉသုတ်း ၽွင်းငမ်းမိူင်းတႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သင်ႇၶသ်ႉသရတ်ႉထၼႆႉ လႆႈ လူႉယွၼ်ႉၶႄႇ တိူင်းၵၼ်ထႃႇရရၢတ်ႈၶဝ် မႃးယႃႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းမိူဝ်ႈ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်လူႉၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽိၼ်ၼၵ ဢဝ်တင်းၶႃႈၵူၼ်း လုမ်းလၢင်းမၼ်းသေ ၶၢမ်ႈၵႂႃႇတၢင်းပွတ်းတူၵ်းၵဵဝ် ၵႂႃႇတႄႇတင်ႈ ဝၢၼ်ႈမိူင်း တီႈႁွင်ႈၼမ်ႉမႄလႇ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈတိုၵ်ႉ တင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈတင်ႈမိူင်း ယူႇတီႈၼၼ်ႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၶဝ်ႈသူၼ်မၢၵ်ႇႁၢၵ်ႈၶမ်းၵႂႃႇ။ ဝၢႆးသေၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၶဝ်ႈသူၼ်မၢၵ်ႇႁၢၵ်ႈၶမ်းၵႂႃႇ ၵူၼ်းမၼ်းၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇပဵၼ်သၢမ်ၸုမ်းၵႂႃႇ။ တႃႇၸုမ်းၼိုင်ႈ ၵႂႃႇတင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈ တင်ႈမိူင်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး 19 ၸႄႈတွၼ်ႈ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ“ ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႆႉပဵၼ် လွင်ႈပပ်ႉ 'မၢၼ်ႇၼၢၼ်းရႃႇၸဝိၼ်ႇ' ၼႄလၵ်းထၢၼ်ငဝ်ႈႁၢၵ်ႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းတႆး ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽိၼ်ၽၵ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ် ဝဵင်းတႃႈၵွင် သင်ႇၶသ်သရတ်ႉထ ၼၼ်ႉမႃးယူႇ။ လွင်ႈၼႆႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ် ၸိူဝ်းပဵၼ် တႆးလႄႈ မၢၼ်ႈၶဝ်ၵေႃႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ယုမ်ႇယမ်ဝႃႈ ငဝ်ႈငႃႇၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်တႆးၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်တီႈ ၶုၼ်ၽိၼ်ႇၼၵ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ ႃႇၵီႇ ဢၼ်မႃးတီႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉမႃးၼႆယူႇ။ ၸုမ်းသွင်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပႆၢႈ လူင်းၵႂႃႇ ၸွမ်းၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်သေ လူင်းၵႂႃႇပွတ်းတူၵ်း ၵႂႃႇယူႇသဝ်း တီႈ မုတုၸိတ်ႉတၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸုမ်းမႆၢသၢမ်သမ်ႉ မႃးပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းပျူႇ၊ ၶိူဝ်းၵၢၼ်းယၼ်ႇ၊ ၶိူဝ်းတႅတ်ႉၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉသေ ယူႇသဝ်းၸွမ်း ၼၢင်းႁေႃၶမ်း ၼႃႇၵသဵင်ႇ တီႈမလႄႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Pe Maung Tin, The Glass of Palace Chronicle of the King of Burma, p.1.&lt;/ref&gt;

မိူဝ်ႈၶႄႇ မိူင်းၵၼ်ႇထႃႇရ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ တရူပ်ႉတရႅတ်ႉ (Tarop Taret) ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈ မိူင်းသဵၼ်ႉ (Sein) သေ မႃးယႃႉ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ပီပီႇၸီႇ 700 ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိတ်ႉၸတိူဝ်ႇၶွၵ်ႉၶ် (Mr. Cochs) ဝႃႈတႄႉ ယၢမ်းမႃးယႃႉ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ တေမႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 6 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉသေ ၵူၼ်းဢၼ်မႃးယႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈၶႄႇ တေပဵၼ်ၸုမ်းတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇၼိူဝ်လွႆ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ မႃးယႃႉလူႉၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းဢၼ်ဝႃႈ Tarop Taret ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ၵႂၢမ်းၶႄႇ ၵႂၢမ်းတႆး လေႃးၵၼ်ဝႆႉၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Cochrane (W.W), The Shan. P 47.&lt;/ref&gt;  ပွင်ႇဝႃႈ 'တႆးႁူၵ်းမိူင်း' ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ ၼၼ်ႉၵူၺ်းၼႆ ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယုမ်ႇယမ်ၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ။&lt;ref&gt;Hsen (Khur), The Origin  and the History of Tai. P 58.&lt;/ref&gt; 

ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း ဢၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဝႃႈ Sein, Siam, Syam, Sajam, Siem, Hsien ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ၸိုဝ်ႈတႆး ဢၼ်ၸႂ်ႉဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉၸိုဝ်ႈတႆးဝႆႉလႆၢလၢႆၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

ပေႃးဢဝ်ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈ ႁၼ်ထိုင်တႄႉ လွင်ႈဝႃႈ ငဝ်ႈငႃႇၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်တႆးၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်တီႈ ၶုၼ်ၽိၼ်ႇၼၵ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သႃႇၵီႇ ဢၼ်ပူၵ်း တင်ႈတႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉမႃးမူတ်းမူတ်းၼႆတႄႉ တိုၼ်းဢမ်ႇပဵၼ်လႆႈ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈသင် မိူဝ်ႈပီပီႇၸီႇမိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်တႆး ဢၼ်ၽွင်းငမ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶႄႇ မိူၼ်ပၢၼ်ဢႆၢႈလၢဝ်း၊ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၼႃႈ မိူင်းဢႆၢႈလၢဝ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ တိုၵ်ႉမီးဝႆႉတင်းၼမ်ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၶဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈ သၢႆသိုပ်ႇတႃႈၵွင်/မၼ်းဢမ်ႇလုၵ်ႉ တီႈတႃႈၵွင်သေမႃးၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီယူႇ။

မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ ၵူၼ်းၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းသၵျ (သႃႇၵီႇ) ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မႃးတင်ႈဝႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈပီပီႇၸီႇ 563-483 ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်း သႃႇသၼႃႇဝႃႈတႄႉ တေလႆႈဝႃႈ မၼ်းၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် တင်းပိုၼ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ တႃႈၵွင်ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ႁွင်ႉမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၵေႃးတမၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၵၵုသၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ တၼ်ႇတရပူႇရ ၼႆယူႇ။ ပၢၼ်ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၵေႃးၼႃႇၵမၼၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ရတ်ႉထပူႇရၼႆသေ ပၢၼ်ၽြႃးပဵၼ် ၵတ်ႉသပ်ႉပၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ႁွင်ႉ ဝႃႈ သၢင်းထွႆးတိၼ်းထူၺ်း ၼႆယူႇယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Pe Maung Tin, The Glass of Palace Chronicle of the King of Burma, p.1.&lt;/ref&gt;

ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ တင်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ပီပီႇၸီႇ 563-483 ၼႆသေတ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ပီမၼ်းလူႉလႅဝ် မိူဝ်ႈၶႄႇၶဝ် မႃးယႃႉတႃႈၵွင် (ၼႃႈလိၵ်ႈ-14) ၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈပီပီႇၸီႇ 700။ မိတ်ႉၸတိူဝ်ႇၶွၵ်ႉၶ် (Mr. Cochs) ဝႃႈတႄႉ ယၢမ်းမႃးယႃႉ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ တေမႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 6 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉဝႃႈၼႆ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ် ပီတႄႇတင်ႈမၼ်းလႄႈ တင်းဢၼ်လူႉလႅဝ်ၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇၶူပ်းၵၼ်။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ပီ ဢၼ်လူႉလႅဝ်ၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ပီတႄႇတင်ႈမၼ်း လူဝ်ႇလႆႈပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႉလိူဝ်သေ ပီပီႇၸီႇ 700 ၶိုၼ်ႈ ၵႂႃႇတၢင်းပုၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ ပီတႄႇတင်ႈမၼ်း ပဵၼ်ပီလႂ်တႄႉတႄႉ ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ မၵ်းမၼ်ႈယၢပ်ႇဝႆႉယူႇ။ ပေႃးၵႂႃႇတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပပ်ႉ ပိုၼ်းမိူင်းမိတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇ ၶႄႇမိၼ်ႇတတႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ၼႃႈပုတ်ႉထ ၸဝ်ႈ လွၼ်ႉၵီႈ 300 ပီပႆၢၼႆ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ လူဝ်ႇပဵၼ်ၵႂႃႇ မွၵ်ႈ 900 ပုၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇယူႉ။ ဢၼ်ၼႆႉ ပႆႇတမ်းၸႂ် လူဝ်ႇလႆႈသိုပ်ႇ သွၵ်ႈႁႃ ထႅင်ႈၵွၼ်ႇ။

ပေႃးမႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးတႆးမိူဝ်ႈၵွၼ်ႇလႄႈ ပိုၼ်းတႆး မိူဝ်ႈၵွၼ်ႇဝႃႈၸိုင် တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဝဵင်းတႆး၊ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃးၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၽွင်းငမ်း ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸိုဝ်ႈဢၼ်ဝႃႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ် ၸိုဝ်ႈတႆးမႃးၸဵမ်လႂ်၊ တႃႈပွင်ႇဝႃႈ 'တႃႈႁိူဝ်း၊ တႃႈလူတ်ႉ' တႄႇၵႂႃႇ၊ ၵွင် တႄႉ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ်ၵႂၢမ်းတႆးဝႆႉ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ 'ၵွင်မွင်း'ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းဢဝ်ၵႂၢမ်း သွင်ၶေႃႈၼႆႉသေ တၢင်ႇမႃးလႄႈ ၸင်ႇ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Cochrane (W.W), The Shan. Pp.46-7.&lt;/ref&gt;

ပိၵ်ႉသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈပိုၼ်းမၢၼ်ႈၶဝ် ယုမ်ႇယမ်ဝႃႈ ၶိူဝ်းမၢၼ်ႈၶဝ်ၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉမႃးတီႈတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆသေတ ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်း ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ ၵျီႇဢီး ႁႃႇဝေး (G.E Harvey) တႄႉ မၼ်းတႅမ်ႈမႆၢဝႆႉဝႃႈ ဝဵင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ၶေးမၼ်းပဵၼ် ဝဵင်းၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;G.E Harvey, History of Burma,p.35&lt;/ref&gt;   ပိၵ်ႉသမ်ႉၶဝ် ယုမ်ႇယမ်ၼင်ႇၼၼ်သေတ ၸဝ်ႈပိုၼ်းမၢၼ်ႈၶဝ် ၶေးတေဢမ်ႇႁူႉတီႈပွင်ႇ ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းဢၼ်ဝႃႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ၊ ယွၼ်ႉမၼ်းဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈၵႂၢမ်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ၵႂၢမ်းတႆးဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။

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ၵဵဝ်ႇၵပ်းလိူင်ႈ တႆးၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇၼႆႉ တူဝ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ ၶဝ်ၵေႃႈ တိုၼ်းဝႃႈ ၶိူဝ်းတႆးၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်း ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉမႃးတီႈ ၶိူဝ်းသၵျသႃႇၵီႇ ၼႆယူႇ။ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းတႆး မိူဝ်ႈၵဝ်ႇၵဝ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႇၼႄဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈၼႃႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ လွၼ်ႉၵီႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၵူၼ်း မွၵ်ႈ 300 ပီပႆၢပႆၢၼၼ်ႉ ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ ဢၼ်ယူႇၼႂ်း မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး ပွတ်းၵၢင်ၶဝ် ယင်းမႃးၽွင်းငမ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆးၵွၼ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ.၃၃-၃၄။&lt;/ref&gt; ပေႃးဢဝ်ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ လၢမ်းထၢင်ႇတႄႉ တေပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်သၵျၶဝ် မႃးၽွင်းငမ်း မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉသေဝႃႈယူႇ။ 

မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် 688 ပီႇၸီႇ ၼႃႈၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ လွၼ်ႉၵီႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၵူၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်တႆးႁဝ်း ၽွင်းငမ်း ဝၢၼ်ႈမိူင်း မိူင်းသူႈ Tsu ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ မိူင်းသူႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်မိူင်းႁူမ်ႈတုမ်၊ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မီးသၢဝ်းမိူင်း ႁူမ်ႈၵၼ်ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဢဝ် ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်ဝႃႈတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၼႂ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းသႅၼ် (Tsen/Tien) ၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ရှမ်းတိုင်းရင်းသားများ၏ ယုံကြည်ကိုးကွယ်မှုနှင်.ဓလေ့ထုံးစံများ၊ အရှင်သုခ မိန္ဒ။ နှာ ၂၈၇။&lt;/ref&gt;

မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ် ပွတ်းၸဵင်ႇၸၢၼ်းဝၼ်းတူၵ်း မိူင်းသူႈ ၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉမီးမိူင်းတႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်မၢၼ်ႈၶဝ်ဝႃႈ တၵွင်း။ မိူင်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ယွၼ်ႉမၼ်းၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် တင်းၶိူဝ်းသၵျၶဝ်ဝႆႉလႄႈ ပေႃးၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပႅတ်ႈမၼ်းဢမ်ႇလႆႈ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း 'မႁႃႇရႃႇၸဝိၼ်ႇ'ၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးႁွင်ႉမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ပၢၼ်ၽြႃး ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းသၵျ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃးၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၵေႃႇတင်ႈဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်တႄႉ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ မီးၼႂ်းၸႄႈတွၼ်ႈၵၢတ်ႇသႃ ပဵၼ်ဝၢၼ်ႈဢွၼ်ႇၵူၺ်းယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ဝဵင်းတႃႈလိူဝ်ႇသေ ၶိုၼ်ႈၵႂႃႇၸွမ်းၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်ၸိုင်  မီးၽႆၢႇဢွၵ်ႇ ၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ် ပဵၼ်ပၢင်ႇပဵင်းလူင်ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;မြန်မာ့စွယ်စုံကျမ်း၊ အတွဲ ၄၊ နှာ ၃၉၈။&lt;/ref&gt;

မိူဝ်ႈဢေႇၻီႇ 1-8 ၼၼ်ႉ ၼိူဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ 'မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ' ယူႇမိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ်ၼႆႉ မီးတႆးၼမ်သေပိူၼ်ႈ၊ ထိသွင်ပဵၼ် ပိဝ်ႇ၊ ထိသၢမ်ပဵၼ် မွၼ်း၊ ထိသီႇပဵၼ် ရၶႅင်ႇ ပဵၼ်ၸိူဝ်ႉၶိူင်းလူင်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵူၺ်း။ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပႆႇမီးမၢၼ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈတႆးယူႇ။ မီးၼႂ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်တႆး၊ မီးၽၢႆႇၼိူဝ် မိူင်းဢႃႇဝ၊ မီးပႃႈဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်။ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈသမ်ႉႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းသၢင်းထွႆးၼႆယူႇ။&lt;ref&gt;ပိုၼ်းၶိူဝ်းပိူၼ်ႈတႅမ်ႈ တႆးလီႁူႉ၊ ၼႃႈ-2။&lt;/ref&gt;

ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸဝ်ႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇတႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼင်ႇၼၼ် မီးမိူင်းပျီႇၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၽရူမ်း၊ ၽၢႆႇတၢင်းတူၵ်း မီးၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်း ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၵၢၼ်းယၢၼ်ႇ၊ ၽၢႆႇႁွင်ႇတႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉမီးၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႅတ်ႉ၊ ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်လႄႈ ၸိတ်ႉတွင်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶိူဝ်းမွၼ်းၶဝ်ယူႇသဝ်း ယုမ်ႇယမ်ၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပိုၼ်းၶဝ် ယုမ်ႇယမ်ဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းၼင်ႇၼၼ် မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ဝဵင်း တႃႈႁိူဝ်းသိူၵ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

ဝဵင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဝဵင်းဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၵူၺ်းဢမ်ႇၵႃး သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ဝဵင်းဢၼ်ၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇတိတ်းတေႃႇၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် တင်းမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇလွၼ်ႉၵီႈၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်း 'မၢၼ်ႇၼၢၼ်းရႃႇၸဝိၼ်ႇ' ၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈဝႃႈ “မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၶုၼ် ၽိၼ်ႇၼၵ ၼႂ်းၸုမ်းသၵျၶဝ် သၢမ်သိပ်းသၢမ်ၵေႃႉ ၵေႃႉလဵၵ်ႉသုတ်း ၽွင်းငမ်းမိူင်းတႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သင်ႇၶသ်ႉသရတ်ႉထၼႆႉ လႆႈ လူႉယွၼ်ႉၶႄႇ တိူင်းၵၼ်ထႃႇရရၢတ်ႈၶဝ် မႃးယႃႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းမိူဝ်ႈ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်လူႉၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽိၼ်ၼၵ ဢဝ်တင်းၶႃႈၵူၼ်း လုမ်းလၢင်းမၼ်းသေ ၶၢမ်ႈၵႂႃႇတၢင်းပွတ်းတူၵ်းၵဵဝ် ၵႂႃႇတႄႇတင်ႈ ဝၢၼ်ႈမိူင်း တီႈႁွင်ႈၼမ်ႉမႄလႇ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈတိုၵ်ႉ တင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈတင်ႈမိူင်း ယူႇတီႈၼၼ်ႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၶဝ်ႈသူၼ်မၢၵ်ႇႁၢၵ်ႈၶမ်းၵႂႃႇ။ ဝၢႆးသေၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၶဝ်ႈသူၼ်မၢၵ်ႇႁၢၵ်ႈၶမ်းၵႂႃႇ ၵူၼ်းမၼ်းၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇပဵၼ်သၢမ်ၸုမ်းၵႂႃႇ။ တႃႇၸုမ်းၼိုင်ႈ ၵႂႃႇတင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈ တင်ႈမိူင်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး 19 ၸႄႈတွၼ်ႈ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ“ ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႆႉပဵၼ် လွင်ႈပပ်ႉ 'မၢၼ်ႇၼၢၼ်းရႃႇၸဝိၼ်ႇ' ၼႄလၵ်းထၢၼ်ငဝ်ႈႁၢၵ်ႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းတႆး ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽိၼ်ၽၵ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ် ဝဵင်းတႃႈၵွင် သင်ႇၶသ်သရတ်ႉထ ၼၼ်ႉမႃးယူႇ။ လွင်ႈၼႆႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ် ၸိူဝ်းပဵၼ် တႆးလႄႈ မၢၼ်ႈၶဝ်ၵေႃႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ယုမ်ႇယမ်ဝႃႈ ငဝ်ႈငႃႇၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်တႆးၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်တီႈ ၶုၼ်ၽိၼ်ႇၼၵ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ ႃႇၵီႇ ဢၼ်မႃးတီႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉမႃးၼႆယူႇ။ ၸုမ်းသွင်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပႆၢႈ လူင်းၵႂႃႇ ၸွမ်းၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်သေ လူင်းၵႂႃႇပွတ်းတူၵ်း ၵႂႃႇယူႇသဝ်း တီႈ မုတုၸိတ်ႉတၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸုမ်းမႆၢသၢမ်သမ်ႉ မႃးပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းပျူႇ၊ ၶိူဝ်းၵၢၼ်းယၼ်ႇ၊ ၶိူဝ်းတႅတ်ႉၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉသေ ယူႇသဝ်းၸွမ်း ၼၢင်းႁေႃၶမ်း ၼႃႇၵသဵင်ႇ တီႈမလႄႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Pe Maung Tin, The Glass of Palace Chronicle of the King of Burma, p.1.&lt;/ref&gt;

မိူဝ်ႈၶႄႇ မိူင်းၵၼ်ႇထႃႇရ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ တရူပ်ႉတရႅတ်ႉ (Tarop Taret) ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈ မိူင်းသဵၼ်ႉ (Sein) သေ မႃးယႃႉ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ပီပီႇၸီႇ 700 ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိတ်ႉၸတိူဝ်ႇၶွၵ်ႉၶ် (Mr. Cochs) ဝႃႈတႄႉ ယၢမ်းမႃးယႃႉ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ တေမႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 6 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉသေ ၵူၼ်းဢၼ်မႃးယႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈၶႄႇ တေပဵၼ်ၸုမ်းတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇၼိူဝ်လွႆ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ မႃးယႃႉလူႉၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းဢၼ်ဝႃႈ Tarop Taret ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ၵႂၢမ်းၶႄႇ ၵႂၢမ်းတႆး လေႃးၵၼ်ဝႆႉၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Cochrane (W.W), The Shan. P 47.&lt;/ref&gt;  ပွင်ႇဝႃႈ 'တႆးႁူၵ်းမိူင်း' ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ ၼၼ်ႉၵူၺ်းၼႆ ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယုမ်ႇယမ်ၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ။&lt;ref&gt;Hsen (Khur), The Origin  and the History of Tai. P 58.&lt;/ref&gt; 

ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း ဢၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဝႃႈ Sein, Siam, Syam, Sajam, Siem, Hsien ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ၸိုဝ်ႈတႆး ဢၼ်ၸႂ်ႉဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉၸိုဝ်ႈတႆးဝႆႉလႆၢလၢႆၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

ပေႃးဢဝ်ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈ ႁၼ်ထိုင်တႄႉ လွင်ႈဝႃႈ ငဝ်ႈငႃႇၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်တႆးၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်တီႈ ၶုၼ်ၽိၼ်ႇၼၵ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သႃႇၵီႇ ဢၼ်ပူၵ်း တင်ႈတႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉမႃးမူတ်းမူတ်းၼႆတႄႉ တိုၼ်းဢမ်ႇပဵၼ်လႆႈ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈသင် မိူဝ်ႈပီပီႇၸီႇမိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်တႆး ဢၼ်ၽွင်းငမ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶႄႇ မိူၼ်ပၢၼ်ဢႆၢႈလၢဝ်း၊ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၼႃႈ မိူင်းဢႆၢႈလၢဝ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ တိုၵ်ႉမီးဝႆႉတင်းၼမ်ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၶဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈ သၢႆသိုပ်ႇတႃႈၵွင်/မၼ်းဢမ်ႇလုၵ်ႉ တီႈတႃႈၵွင်သေမႃးၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီယူႇ။

မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ ၵူၼ်းၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းသၵျ (သႃႇၵီႇ) ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မႃးတင်ႈဝႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈပီပီႇၸီႇ 563-483 ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်း သႃႇသၼႃႇဝႃႈတႄႉ တေလႆႈဝႃႈ မၼ်းၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် တင်းပိုၼ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ တႃႈၵွင်ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ႁွင်ႉမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၵေႃးတမၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၵၵုသၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ တၼ်ႇတရပူႇရ ၼႆယူႇ။ ပၢၼ်ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၵေႃးၼႃႇၵမၼၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ရတ်ႉထပူႇရၼႆသေ ပၢၼ်ၽြႃးပဵၼ် ၵတ်ႉသပ်ႉပၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ႁွင်ႉ ဝႃႈ သၢင်းထွႆးတိၼ်းထူၺ်း ၼႆယူႇယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Pe Maung Tin, The Glass of Palace Chronicle of the King of Burma, p.1.&lt;/ref&gt;

ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ တင်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ပီပီႇၸီႇ 563-483 ၼႆသေတ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ပီမၼ်းလူႉလႅဝ် မိူဝ်ႈၶႄႇၶဝ် မႃးယႃႉတႃႈၵွင် (ၼႃႈလိၵ်ႈ-14) ၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈပီပီႇၸီႇ 700။ မိတ်ႉၸတိူဝ်ႇၶွၵ်ႉၶ် (Mr. Cochs) ဝႃႈတႄႉ ယၢမ်းမႃးယႃႉ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ တေမႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 6 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉဝႃႈၼႆ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ် ပီတႄႇတင်ႈမၼ်းလႄႈ တင်းဢၼ်လူႉလႅဝ်ၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇၶူပ်းၵၼ်။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ပီ ဢၼ်လူႉလႅဝ်ၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ပီတႄႇတင်ႈမၼ်း လူဝ်ႇလႆႈပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႉလိူဝ်သေ ပီပီႇၸီႇ 700 ၶိုၼ်ႈ ၵႂႃႇတၢင်းပုၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ ပီတႄႇတင်ႈမၼ်း ပဵၼ်ပီလႂ်တႄႉတႄႉ ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ မၵ်းမၼ်ႈယၢပ်ႇဝႆႉယူႇ။ ပေႃးၵႂႃႇတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပပ်ႉ ပိုၼ်းမိူင်းမိတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇ ၶႄႇမိၼ်ႇတတႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ၼႃႈပုတ်ႉထ ၸဝ်ႈ လွၼ်ႉၵီႈ 300 ပီပႆၢၼႆ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ လူဝ်ႇပဵၼ်ၵႂႃႇ မွၵ်ႈ 900 ပုၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇယူႉ။ ဢၼ်ၼႆႉ ပႆႇတမ်းၸႂ် လူဝ်ႇလႆႈသိုပ်ႇ သွၵ်ႈႁႃ ထႅင်ႈၵွၼ်ႇ။

ပေႃးမႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးတႆးမိူဝ်ႈၵွၼ်ႇလႄႈ ပိုၼ်းတႆး မိူဝ်ႈၵွၼ်ႇဝႃႈၸိုင် တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဝဵင်းတႆး၊ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃးၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၽွင်းငမ်း ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸိုဝ်ႈဢၼ်ဝႃႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ် ၸိုဝ်ႈတႆးမႃးၸဵမ်လႂ်၊ တႃႈပွင်ႇဝႃႈ 'တႃႈႁိူဝ်း၊ တႃႈလူတ်ႉ' တႄႇၵႂႃႇ၊ ၵွင် တႄႉ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ်ၵႂၢမ်းတႆးဝႆႉ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ 'ၵွင်မွင်း'ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းဢဝ်ၵႂၢမ်း သွင်ၶေႃႈၼႆႉသေ တၢင်ႇမႃးလႄႈ ၸင်ႇ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Cochrane (W.W), The Shan. Pp.46-7.&lt;/ref&gt;

ပိၵ်ႉသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈပိုၼ်းမၢၼ်ႈၶဝ် ယုမ်ႇယမ်ဝႃႈ ၶိူဝ်းမၢၼ်ႈၶဝ်ၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉမႃးတီႈတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆသေတ ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်း ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ ၵျီႇဢီး ႁႃႇဝေး (G.E Harvey) တႄႉ မၼ်းတႅမ်ႈမႆၢဝႆႉဝႃႈ ဝဵင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ၶေးမၼ်းပဵၼ် ဝဵင်းၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;G.E Harvey, History of Burma,p.35&lt;/ref&gt;   ပိၵ်ႉသမ်ႉၶဝ် ယုမ်ႇယမ်ၼင်ႇၼၼ်သေတ ၸဝ်ႈပိုၼ်းမၢၼ်ႈၶဝ် ၶေးတေဢမ်ႇႁူႉတီႈပွင်ႇ ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းဢၼ်ဝႃႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ၊ ယွၼ်ႉမၼ်းဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈၵႂၢမ်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ၵႂၢမ်းတႆးဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။

ဢၼ်လၢၵ်ႇလႆၢးထႅင်ႈဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈ ဢၼ်ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ပိုၼ်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈၽြႃႈပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ပၢၼ်တႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၽူႈၶူၼ်ႉၶႂႃႉမၼ်း ပဵၼ်မဵတ်ႉတႃႇသျိၼ်ႇ၊  ၸိုဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ၶေႃႈမၼ်းဝႃႈ &quot;ပုတ်ႉထရူပမ်&quot;၊ ၶူၼ်ႉၶႂႃႉလွင်ႈႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်သိုပ်ႇပၢၼ်၊ ပႃးမႃးၼႂ်းပပ်ႉ 'သံလွင်ဦး မဂ္ဂဇင်း'။ ဢၼ်လီဢၢမ်းၼႃႇတႄႉ ၸိုဝ်ႈႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ဢဝ်ၵႂၢမ်းတႆး တႅမ်ႈလိၵ်ႈမၢၼ်ႈ ဝႆႉဝႃႈ 'ၼၵႃးမုင်းႁူဝ်ၽြႃး' (နဂါးမုန်းဟိုဘုရား) ၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;မေတ္တာရှင်၊ သံလွင်ဦး မဂ္ဂဇင်း၊ နှာ- ၂၂&lt;/ref&gt;  ၸိုဝ်ႈႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈၼႆႉ ဢဝ်လိၵ်ႈမၢၼ်ႈတႅမ်ႈဝႆႉသေတ ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းမၼ်းတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၵႂၢမ်းတႆးဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ် မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ဝဵင်းၶိူဝ်းလႂ်၊ ၸႂ်ႉၵႂၢမ်းသင် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ်ၵႂၢမ်းလၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸွမ်းႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီၼႃႇယဝ်ႉ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ပဵၼ်ႁိုဝ်ၵေႃႈလီ ဝၢႆးလင်တႄႉ ၸဝ်ႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ၽူႈၵေႃႇတင်ႈ မၼ်း ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ၊ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉ မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး ပွတ်းႁွင်ႇၼၼ်ႉမႃး။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်းတႆးဝႃႈၵေႃႈ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဝဵင်းၵဝ်ႇၵေႇတႆး၊ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျၶဝ် မႃးၽွင်းငမ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ သၢႆသိုပ်ႇၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ မီး 33 သိုပ်ႇ မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ဢၼ်တေလၢတ်ႈၼႄ ပႃႈတႂ်ႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။

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[[Category:တႆး]]</text>
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| title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး
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ၵဵဝ်ႇၵပ်းလိူင်ႈ တႆးၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇၼႆႉ တူဝ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ ၶဝ်ၵေႃႈ တိုၼ်းဝႃႈ ၶိူဝ်းတႆးၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်း ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉမႃးတီႈ ၶိူဝ်းသၵျသႃႇၵီႇ ၼႆယူႇ။ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းတႆး မိူဝ်ႈၵဝ်ႇၵဝ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႇၼႄဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈၼႃႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ လွၼ်ႉၵီႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၵူၼ်း မွၵ်ႈ 300 ပီပႆၢပႆၢၼၼ်ႉ ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ ဢၼ်ယူႇၼႂ်း မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး ပွတ်းၵၢင်ၶဝ် ယင်းမႃးၽွင်းငမ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆးၵွၼ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ.၃၃-၃၄။&lt;/ref&gt; ပေႃးဢဝ်ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ လၢမ်းထၢင်ႇတႄႉ တေပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်သၵျၶဝ် မႃးၽွင်းငမ်း မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉသေဝႃႈယူႇ။ 

မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် 688 ပီႇၸီႇ ၼႃႈၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ လွၼ်ႉၵီႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၵူၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်တႆးႁဝ်း ၽွင်းငမ်း ဝၢၼ်ႈမိူင်း မိူင်းသူႈ Tsu ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ မိူင်းသူႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်မိူင်းႁူမ်ႈတုမ်၊ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မီးသၢဝ်းမိူင်း ႁူမ်ႈၵၼ်ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဢဝ် ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်ဝႃႈတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၼႂ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းသႅၼ် (Tsen/Tien) ၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ရှမ်းတိုင်းရင်းသားများ၏ ယုံကြည်ကိုးကွယ်မှုနှင်.ဓလေ့ထုံးစံများ၊ အရှင်သုခ မိန္ဒ။ နှာ ၂၈၇။&lt;/ref&gt;

မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ် ပွတ်းၸဵင်ႇၸၢၼ်းဝၼ်းတူၵ်း မိူင်းသူႈ ၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉမီးမိူင်းတႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်မၢၼ်ႈၶဝ်ဝႃႈ တၵွင်း။ မိူင်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ယွၼ်ႉမၼ်းၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် တင်းၶိူဝ်းသၵျၶဝ်ဝႆႉလႄႈ ပေႃးၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပႅတ်ႈမၼ်းဢမ်ႇလႆႈ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း 'မႁႃႇရႃႇၸဝိၼ်ႇ'ၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးႁွင်ႉမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ပၢၼ်ၽြႃး ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းသၵျ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃးၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၵေႃႇတင်ႈဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်တႄႉ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ မီးၼႂ်းၸႄႈတွၼ်ႈၵၢတ်ႇသႃ ပဵၼ်ဝၢၼ်ႈဢွၼ်ႇၵူၺ်းယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ဝဵင်းတႃႈလိူဝ်ႇသေ ၶိုၼ်ႈၵႂႃႇၸွမ်းၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်ၸိုင်  မီးၽႆၢႇဢွၵ်ႇ ၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ် ပဵၼ်ပၢင်ႇပဵင်းလူင်ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;မြန်မာ့စွယ်စုံကျမ်း၊ အတွဲ ၄၊ နှာ ၃၉၈။&lt;/ref&gt;

မိူဝ်ႈဢေႇၻီႇ 1-8 ၼၼ်ႉ ၼိူဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ 'မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ' ယူႇမိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ်ၼႆႉ မီးတႆးၼမ်သေပိူၼ်ႈ၊ ထိသွင်ပဵၼ် ပိဝ်ႇ၊ ထိသၢမ်ပဵၼ် မွၼ်း၊ ထိသီႇပဵၼ် ရၶႅင်ႇ ပဵၼ်ၸိူဝ်ႉၶိူင်းလူင်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵူၺ်း။ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပႆႇမီးမၢၼ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈတႆးယူႇ။ မီးၼႂ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်တႆး၊ မီးၽၢႆႇၼိူဝ် မိူင်းဢႃႇဝ၊ မီးပႃႈဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်။ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈသမ်ႉႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းသၢင်းထွႆးၼႆယူႇ။&lt;ref&gt;ပိုၼ်းၶိူဝ်းပိူၼ်ႈတႅမ်ႈ တႆးလီႁူႉ၊ ၼႃႈ-2။&lt;/ref&gt;

ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸဝ်ႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇတႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼင်ႇၼၼ် မီးမိူင်းပျီႇၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၽရူမ်း၊ ၽၢႆႇတၢင်းတူၵ်း မီးၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်း ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၵၢၼ်းယၢၼ်ႇ၊ ၽၢႆႇႁွင်ႇတႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉမီးၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႅတ်ႉ၊ ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်လႄႈ ၸိတ်ႉတွင်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶိူဝ်းမွၼ်းၶဝ်ယူႇသဝ်း ယုမ်ႇယမ်ၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပိုၼ်းၶဝ် ယုမ်ႇယမ်ဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းၼင်ႇၼၼ် မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ဝဵင်း တႃႈႁိူဝ်းသိူၵ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

ဝဵင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဝဵင်းဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၵူၺ်းဢမ်ႇၵႃး သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ဝဵင်းဢၼ်ၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇတိတ်းတေႃႇၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် တင်းမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇလွၼ်ႉၵီႈၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်း 'မၢၼ်ႇၼၢၼ်းရႃႇၸဝိၼ်ႇ' ၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈဝႃႈ “မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၶုၼ် ၽိၼ်ႇၼၵ ၼႂ်းၸုမ်းသၵျၶဝ် သၢမ်သိပ်းသၢမ်ၵေႃႉ ၵေႃႉလဵၵ်ႉသုတ်း ၽွင်းငမ်းမိူင်းတႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သင်ႇၶသ်ႉသရတ်ႉထၼႆႉ လႆႈ လူႉယွၼ်ႉၶႄႇ တိူင်းၵၼ်ထႃႇရရၢတ်ႈၶဝ် မႃးယႃႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းမိူဝ်ႈ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်လူႉၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽိၼ်ၼၵ ဢဝ်တင်းၶႃႈၵူၼ်း လုမ်းလၢင်းမၼ်းသေ ၶၢမ်ႈၵႂႃႇတၢင်းပွတ်းတူၵ်းၵဵဝ် ၵႂႃႇတႄႇတင်ႈ ဝၢၼ်ႈမိူင်း တီႈႁွင်ႈၼမ်ႉမႄလႇ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈတိုၵ်ႉ တင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈတင်ႈမိူင်း ယူႇတီႈၼၼ်ႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၶဝ်ႈသူၼ်မၢၵ်ႇႁၢၵ်ႈၶမ်းၵႂႃႇ။ ဝၢႆးသေၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၶဝ်ႈသူၼ်မၢၵ်ႇႁၢၵ်ႈၶမ်းၵႂႃႇ ၵူၼ်းမၼ်းၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇပဵၼ်သၢမ်ၸုမ်းၵႂႃႇ။ တႃႇၸုမ်းၼိုင်ႈ ၵႂႃႇတင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈ တင်ႈမိူင်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး 19 ၸႄႈတွၼ်ႈ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ“ ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႆႉပဵၼ် လွင်ႈပပ်ႉ 'မၢၼ်ႇၼၢၼ်းရႃႇၸဝိၼ်ႇ' ၼႄလၵ်းထၢၼ်ငဝ်ႈႁၢၵ်ႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းတႆး ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽိၼ်ၽၵ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ် ဝဵင်းတႃႈၵွင် သင်ႇၶသ်သရတ်ႉထ ၼၼ်ႉမႃးယူႇ။ လွင်ႈၼႆႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ် ၸိူဝ်းပဵၼ် တႆးလႄႈ မၢၼ်ႈၶဝ်ၵေႃႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ယုမ်ႇယမ်ဝႃႈ ငဝ်ႈငႃႇၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်တႆးၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်တီႈ ၶုၼ်ၽိၼ်ႇၼၵ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ ႃႇၵီႇ ဢၼ်မႃးတီႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉမႃးၼႆယူႇ။ ၸုမ်းသွင်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပႆၢႈ လူင်းၵႂႃႇ ၸွမ်းၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်သေ လူင်းၵႂႃႇပွတ်းတူၵ်း ၵႂႃႇယူႇသဝ်း တီႈ မုတုၸိတ်ႉတၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸုမ်းမႆၢသၢမ်သမ်ႉ မႃးပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းပျူႇ၊ ၶိူဝ်းၵၢၼ်းယၼ်ႇ၊ ၶိူဝ်းတႅတ်ႉၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉသေ ယူႇသဝ်းၸွမ်း ၼၢင်းႁေႃၶမ်း ၼႃႇၵသဵင်ႇ တီႈမလႄႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Pe Maung Tin, The Glass of Palace Chronicle of the King of Burma, p.1.&lt;/ref&gt;

မိူဝ်ႈၶႄႇ မိူင်းၵၼ်ႇထႃႇရ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ တရူပ်ႉတရႅတ်ႉ (Tarop Taret) ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈ မိူင်းသဵၼ်ႉ (Sein) သေ မႃးယႃႉ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ပီပီႇၸီႇ 700 ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိတ်ႉၸတိူဝ်ႇၶွၵ်ႉၶ် (Mr. Cochs) ဝႃႈတႄႉ ယၢမ်းမႃးယႃႉ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ တေမႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 6 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉသေ ၵူၼ်းဢၼ်မႃးယႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈၶႄႇ တေပဵၼ်ၸုမ်းတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇၼိူဝ်လွႆ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ မႃးယႃႉလူႉၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းဢၼ်ဝႃႈ Tarop Taret ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ၵႂၢမ်းၶႄႇ ၵႂၢမ်းတႆး လေႃးၵၼ်ဝႆႉၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Cochrane (W.W), The Shan. P 47.&lt;/ref&gt;  ပွင်ႇဝႃႈ 'တႆးႁူၵ်းမိူင်း' ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ ၼၼ်ႉၵူၺ်းၼႆ ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယုမ်ႇယမ်ၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ။&lt;ref&gt;Hsen (Khur), The Origin  and the History of Tai. P 58.&lt;/ref&gt; 

ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း ဢၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဝႃႈ Sein, Siam, Syam, Sajam, Siem, Hsien ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ၸိုဝ်ႈတႆး ဢၼ်ၸႂ်ႉဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉၸိုဝ်ႈတႆးဝႆႉလႆၢလၢႆၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

ပေႃးဢဝ်ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈ ႁၼ်ထိုင်တႄႉ လွင်ႈဝႃႈ ငဝ်ႈငႃႇၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်တႆးၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်တီႈ ၶုၼ်ၽိၼ်ႇၼၵ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သႃႇၵီႇ ဢၼ်ပူၵ်း တင်ႈတႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉမႃးမူတ်းမူတ်းၼႆတႄႉ တိုၼ်းဢမ်ႇပဵၼ်လႆႈ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈသင် မိူဝ်ႈပီပီႇၸီႇမိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်တႆး ဢၼ်ၽွင်းငမ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶႄႇ မိူၼ်ပၢၼ်ဢႆၢႈလၢဝ်း၊ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၼႃႈ မိူင်းဢႆၢႈလၢဝ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ တိုၵ်ႉမီးဝႆႉတင်းၼမ်ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၶဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈ သၢႆသိုပ်ႇတႃႈၵွင်/မၼ်းဢမ်ႇလုၵ်ႉ တီႈတႃႈၵွင်သေမႃးၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီယူႇ။

မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ ၵူၼ်းၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းသၵျ (သႃႇၵီႇ) ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မႃးတင်ႈဝႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈပီပီႇၸီႇ 563-483 ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်း သႃႇသၼႃႇဝႃႈတႄႉ တေလႆႈဝႃႈ မၼ်းၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် တင်းပိုၼ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ တႃႈၵွင်ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ႁွင်ႉမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၵေႃးတမၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၵၵုသၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ တၼ်ႇတရပူႇရ ၼႆယူႇ။ ပၢၼ်ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၵေႃးၼႃႇၵမၼၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ရတ်ႉထပူႇရၼႆသေ ပၢၼ်ၽြႃးပဵၼ် ၵတ်ႉသပ်ႉပၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ႁွင်ႉ ဝႃႈ သၢင်းထွႆးတိၼ်းထူၺ်း ၼႆယူႇယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Pe Maung Tin, The Glass of Palace Chronicle of the King of Burma, p.1.&lt;/ref&gt;

ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ တင်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ပီပီႇၸီႇ 563-483 ၼႆသေတ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ပီမၼ်းလူႉလႅဝ် မိူဝ်ႈၶႄႇၶဝ် မႃးယႃႉတႃႈၵွင် (ၼႃႈလိၵ်ႈ-14) ၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈပီပီႇၸီႇ 700။ မိတ်ႉၸတိူဝ်ႇၶွၵ်ႉၶ် (Mr. Cochs) ဝႃႈတႄႉ ယၢမ်းမႃးယႃႉ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ တေမႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 6 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉဝႃႈၼႆ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ် ပီတႄႇတင်ႈမၼ်းလႄႈ တင်းဢၼ်လူႉလႅဝ်ၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇၶူပ်းၵၼ်။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ပီ ဢၼ်လူႉလႅဝ်ၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ပီတႄႇတင်ႈမၼ်း လူဝ်ႇလႆႈပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႉလိူဝ်သေ ပီပီႇၸီႇ 700 ၶိုၼ်ႈ ၵႂႃႇတၢင်းပုၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ ပီတႄႇတင်ႈမၼ်း ပဵၼ်ပီလႂ်တႄႉတႄႉ ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ မၵ်းမၼ်ႈယၢပ်ႇဝႆႉယူႇ။ ပေႃးၵႂႃႇတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပပ်ႉ ပိုၼ်းမိူင်းမိတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇ ၶႄႇမိၼ်ႇတတႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ၼႃႈပုတ်ႉထ ၸဝ်ႈ လွၼ်ႉၵီႈ 300 ပီပႆၢၼႆ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ လူဝ်ႇပဵၼ်ၵႂႃႇ မွၵ်ႈ 900 ပုၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇယူႉ။ ဢၼ်ၼႆႉ ပႆႇတမ်းၸႂ် လူဝ်ႇလႆႈသိုပ်ႇ သွၵ်ႈႁႃ ထႅင်ႈၵွၼ်ႇ။

ပေႃးမႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးတႆးမိူဝ်ႈၵွၼ်ႇလႄႈ ပိုၼ်းတႆး မိူဝ်ႈၵွၼ်ႇဝႃႈၸိုင် တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဝဵင်းတႆး၊ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃးၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၽွင်းငမ်း ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸိုဝ်ႈဢၼ်ဝႃႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ် ၸိုဝ်ႈတႆးမႃးၸဵမ်လႂ်၊ တႃႈပွင်ႇဝႃႈ 'တႃႈႁိူဝ်း၊ တႃႈလူတ်ႉ' တႄႇၵႂႃႇ၊ ၵွင် တႄႉ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ်ၵႂၢမ်းတႆးဝႆႉ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ 'ၵွင်မွင်း'ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းဢဝ်ၵႂၢမ်း သွင်ၶေႃႈၼႆႉသေ တၢင်ႇမႃးလႄႈ ၸင်ႇ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Cochrane (W.W), The Shan. Pp.46-7.&lt;/ref&gt;

ပိၵ်ႉသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈပိုၼ်းမၢၼ်ႈၶဝ် ယုမ်ႇယမ်ဝႃႈ ၶိူဝ်းမၢၼ်ႈၶဝ်ၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉမႃးတီႈတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆသေတ ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်း ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ ၵျီႇဢီး ႁႃႇဝေး (G.E Harvey) တႄႉ မၼ်းတႅမ်ႈမႆၢဝႆႉဝႃႈ ဝဵင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ၶေးမၼ်းပဵၼ် ဝဵင်းၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;G.E Harvey, History of Burma,p.35&lt;/ref&gt;   ပိၵ်ႉသမ်ႉၶဝ် ယုမ်ႇယမ်ၼင်ႇၼၼ်သေတ ၸဝ်ႈပိုၼ်းမၢၼ်ႈၶဝ် ၶေးတေဢမ်ႇႁူႉတီႈပွင်ႇ ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းဢၼ်ဝႃႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ၊ ယွၼ်ႉမၼ်းဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈၵႂၢမ်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ၵႂၢမ်းတႆးဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။

ဢၼ်လၢၵ်ႇလႆၢးထႅင်ႈဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈ ဢၼ်ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ပိုၼ်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈၽြႃႈပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ပၢၼ်တႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၽူႈၶူၼ်ႉၶႂႃႉမၼ်း ပဵၼ်မဵတ်ႉတႃႇသျိၼ်ႇ၊  ၸိုဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ၶေႃႈမၼ်းဝႃႈ &quot;ပုတ်ႉထရူပမ်&quot;၊ ၶူၼ်ႉၶႂႃႉလွင်ႈႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်သိုပ်ႇပၢၼ်၊ ပႃးမႃးၼႂ်းပပ်ႉ 'သံလွင်ဦး မဂ္ဂဇင်း'။ ဢၼ်လီဢၢမ်းၼႃႇတႄႉ ၸိုဝ်ႈႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ဢဝ်ၵႂၢမ်းတႆး တႅမ်ႈလိၵ်ႈမၢၼ်ႈ ဝႆႉဝႃႈ 'ၼၵႃးမုင်းႁူဝ်ၽြႃး' (နဂါးမုန်းဟိုဘုရား) ၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;မေတ္တာရှင်၊ သံလွင်ဦး မဂ္ဂဇင်း၊ နှာ- ၂၂&lt;/ref&gt;  ၸိုဝ်ႈႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈၼႆႉ ဢဝ်လိၵ်ႈမၢၼ်ႈတႅမ်ႈဝႆႉသေတ ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းမၼ်းတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၵႂၢမ်းတႆးဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ် မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ဝဵင်းၶိူဝ်းလႂ်၊ ၸႂ်ႉၵႂၢမ်းသင် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ်ၵႂၢမ်းလၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸွမ်းႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီၼႃႇယဝ်ႉ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ပဵၼ်ႁိုဝ်ၵေႃႈလီ ဝၢႆးလင်တႄႉ ၸဝ်ႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ၽူႈၵေႃႇတင်ႈ မၼ်း ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ၊ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉ မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး ပွတ်းႁွင်ႇၼၼ်ႉမႃး။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်းတႆးဝႃႈၵေႃႈ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဝဵင်းၵဝ်ႇၵေႇတႆး၊ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျၶဝ် မႃးၽွင်းငမ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ သၢႆသိုပ်ႇၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ မီး 33 သိုပ်ႇ မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ဢၼ်တေလၢတ်ႈၼႄ ပႃႈတႂ်ႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။

လွင်ႈၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ လႆႈမႃးယူႇသဝ်း တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၼင်ႇၼႆ။ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်း ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇႁူပ်ႉႁၼ်လႆႈ လႅင်းထမ်းသေ ၶိုၼ်ႈပဵၼ်ၽြႃး တမ်ႈတီႈမႆႇၺွင်ႇပေႃးထိ တီႈပုတ်ႉထၵယႃႇ မွၵ်ႈ 300 ပီၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ ယူႇသဝ်းၼႂ်း မိူင်းၵပိလဝၢတ်ႈ၊ မိူင်းၶုၼ်သၵျၶဝ်။ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉမီးၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ပၺ်ႇၸႃႇရ ၽူႈၽွင်းငမ်းသွင်မိူင်း မိူင်းၵေႃးသလ၊ မိူင်းပၺ်ႇၸႃႇရ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ပၺ်ႇၸႃႇရၼႆႉ ယွၼ်ႉမၼ်းမီးၸႂ် ၶႂ်ႈလႆႈ လုၵ်ႈယိင်းသၢဝ် မိူင်းၵေႃးလိယ ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈပႃး ၼႂ်းၶိူဝ်းသၵျၼၼ်ႉ လႄႈ ၸႂ်ႉၵူၼ်းမၼ်းမႃးတွင်ႈမႃးထၢမ်။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈ ဢမ်ႇၶႂ်ႈဢဝ်လုၵ်ႈ ယိင်းသၢဝ် ပၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ပၺ်ႇၸႃႇရလႄႈ တွပ်ႇၶိုၼ်းမိူၵ်ႈမိူၵ်ႈလိူင်းလိူင်း။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ သွင်မိူင်း ပဵၼ်သိုၵ်းပဵၼ်သိူဝ်သေ တိုၵ်းတေႃးၵၼ်။ ၼႂ်းပၢင်တိုၵ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉမိူင်းၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းသၵျသႃႇၵီႇသၢမ်မိူင်း ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၵပိလဝတ်ႈ၊ မိူင်းတေႇဝတႁ၊ မိူင်း ၵေႃးလိယ သုမ်းသိုၵ်းလႄႈ လႆႈတႅၵ်ႇပဵၼ်ၵႂႃႇ သၢမ်ၸုမ်း။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ မိူင်းၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းသၵျ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်မိူင်ၵေႃးလိယလႄႈ မိူင်းတေႇဝတႁတႄႉ ၶိုၼ်းပူၵ်းတင်ႈ ပဵၼ်ဝၢၼ်ႈပဵၼ်မိူင်းၶိုၼ်းၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶဝ်ၼႆသေတ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ မိူင်းၵပိလဝတ်ႈတႄႉ ဢဝ်ၶႃႈဝၢၼ်ႈၵူၼ်းမိူင်း၊ ၵူၼ်းသိုၵ်းၵူၼ်းသိူဝ်မၼ်းသေလႄႈ မႃးၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉမႄႈၵဵဝ်သေ မႃးတင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈတင်ႈမိူင်း တီႈတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Pe Maung Tin, The Glass of Palace Chronicle of the King of Burma, pp.2-3.&lt;/ref&gt;

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[[Category:တႆး]]</text>
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ၵဵဝ်ႇၵပ်းလိူင်ႈ တႆးၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇၼႆႉ တူဝ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ ၶဝ်ၵေႃႈ တိုၼ်းဝႃႈ ၶိူဝ်းတႆးၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်း ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉမႃးတီႈ ၶိူဝ်းသၵျသႃႇၵီႇ ၼႆယူႇ။ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းတႆး မိူဝ်ႈၵဝ်ႇၵဝ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႇၼႄဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈၼႃႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ လွၼ်ႉၵီႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၵူၼ်း မွၵ်ႈ 300 ပီပႆၢပႆၢၼၼ်ႉ ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ ဢၼ်ယူႇၼႂ်း မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး ပွတ်းၵၢင်ၶဝ် ယင်းမႃးၽွင်းငမ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆးၵွၼ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ.၃၃-၃၄။&lt;/ref&gt; ပေႃးဢဝ်ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ လၢမ်းထၢင်ႇတႄႉ တေပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်သၵျၶဝ် မႃးၽွင်းငမ်း မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉသေဝႃႈယူႇ။ 

မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် 688 ပီႇၸီႇ ၼႃႈၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ လွၼ်ႉၵီႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၵူၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၶၢဝ်းယၢမ်း ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်တႆးႁဝ်း ၽွင်းငမ်း ဝၢၼ်ႈမိူင်း မိူင်းသူႈ Tsu ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ မိူင်းသူႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်မိူင်းႁူမ်ႈတုမ်၊ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မီးသၢဝ်းမိူင်း ႁူမ်ႈၵၼ်ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဢဝ် ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်ဝႃႈတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၼႂ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းသႅၼ် (Tsen/Tien) ၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ရှမ်းတိုင်းရင်းသားများ၏ ယုံကြည်ကိုးကွယ်မှုနှင်.ဓလေ့ထုံးစံများ၊ အရှင်သုခ မိန္ဒ။ နှာ ၂၈၇။&lt;/ref&gt;

မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ် ပွတ်းၸဵင်ႇၸၢၼ်းဝၼ်းတူၵ်း မိူင်းသူႈ ၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉမီးမိူင်းတႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်မၢၼ်ႈၶဝ်ဝႃႈ တၵွင်း။ မိူင်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ယွၼ်ႉမၼ်းၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် တင်းၶိူဝ်းသၵျၶဝ်ဝႆႉလႄႈ ပေႃးၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပႅတ်ႈမၼ်းဢမ်ႇလႆႈ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း 'မႁႃႇရႃႇၸဝိၼ်ႇ'ၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးႁွင်ႉမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ပၢၼ်ၽြႃး ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းသၵျ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃးၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၵေႃႇတင်ႈဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်တႄႉ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ မီးၼႂ်းၸႄႈတွၼ်ႈၵၢတ်ႇသႃ ပဵၼ်ဝၢၼ်ႈဢွၼ်ႇၵူၺ်းယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ဝဵင်းတႃႈလိူဝ်ႇသေ ၶိုၼ်ႈၵႂႃႇၸွမ်းၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်ၸိုင်  မီးၽႆၢႇဢွၵ်ႇ ၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ် ပဵၼ်ပၢင်ႇပဵင်းလူင်ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;မြန်မာ့စွယ်စုံကျမ်း၊ အတွဲ ၄၊ နှာ ၃၉၈။&lt;/ref&gt;

မိူဝ်ႈဢေႇၻီႇ 1-8 ၼၼ်ႉ ၼိူဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ 'မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ' ယူႇမိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ်ၼႆႉ မီးတႆးၼမ်သေပိူၼ်ႈ၊ ထိသွင်ပဵၼ် ပိဝ်ႇ၊ ထိသၢမ်ပဵၼ် မွၼ်း၊ ထိသီႇပဵၼ် ရၶႅင်ႇ ပဵၼ်ၸိူဝ်ႉၶိူင်းလူင်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵူၺ်း။ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပႆႇမီးမၢၼ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈတႆးယူႇ။ မီးၼႂ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်တႆး၊ မီးၽၢႆႇၼိူဝ် မိူင်းဢႃႇဝ၊ မီးပႃႈဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်။ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈသမ်ႉႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းသၢင်းထွႆးၼႆယူႇ။&lt;ref&gt;ပိုၼ်းၶိူဝ်းပိူၼ်ႈတႅမ်ႈ တႆးလီႁူႉ၊ ၼႃႈ-2။&lt;/ref&gt;

ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸဝ်ႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇတႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼင်ႇၼၼ် မီးမိူင်းပျီႇၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၽရူမ်း၊ ၽၢႆႇတၢင်းတူၵ်း မီးၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်း ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၵၢၼ်းယၢၼ်ႇ၊ ၽၢႆႇႁွင်ႇတႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉမီးၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႅတ်ႉ၊ ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်လႄႈ ၸိတ်ႉတွင်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶိူဝ်းမွၼ်းၶဝ်ယူႇသဝ်း ယုမ်ႇယမ်ၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပိုၼ်းၶဝ် ယုမ်ႇယမ်ဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းၼင်ႇၼၼ် မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ဝဵင်း တႃႈႁိူဝ်းသိူၵ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

ဝဵင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဝဵင်းဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၵူၺ်းဢမ်ႇၵႃး သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ဝဵင်းဢၼ်ၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇတိတ်းတေႃႇၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် တင်းမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇလွၼ်ႉၵီႈၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်း 'မၢၼ်ႇၼၢၼ်းရႃႇၸဝိၼ်ႇ' ၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈဝႃႈ “မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၶုၼ် ၽိၼ်ႇၼၵ ၼႂ်းၸုမ်းသၵျၶဝ် သၢမ်သိပ်းသၢမ်ၵေႃႉ ၵေႃႉလဵၵ်ႉသုတ်း ၽွင်းငမ်းမိူင်းတႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သင်ႇၶသ်ႉသရတ်ႉထၼႆႉ လႆႈ လူႉယွၼ်ႉၶႄႇ တိူင်းၵၼ်ထႃႇရရၢတ်ႈၶဝ် မႃးယႃႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းမိူဝ်ႈ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်လူႉၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽိၼ်ၼၵ ဢဝ်တင်းၶႃႈၵူၼ်း လုမ်းလၢင်းမၼ်းသေ ၶၢမ်ႈၵႂႃႇတၢင်းပွတ်းတူၵ်းၵဵဝ် ၵႂႃႇတႄႇတင်ႈ ဝၢၼ်ႈမိူင်း တီႈႁွင်ႈၼမ်ႉမႄလႇ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈတိုၵ်ႉ တင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈတင်ႈမိူင်း ယူႇတီႈၼၼ်ႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၶဝ်ႈသူၼ်မၢၵ်ႇႁၢၵ်ႈၶမ်းၵႂႃႇ။ ဝၢႆးသေၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၶဝ်ႈသူၼ်မၢၵ်ႇႁၢၵ်ႈၶမ်းၵႂႃႇ ၵူၼ်းမၼ်းၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇပဵၼ်သၢမ်ၸုမ်းၵႂႃႇ။ တႃႇၸုမ်းၼိုင်ႈ ၵႂႃႇတင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈ တင်ႈမိူင်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး 19 ၸႄႈတွၼ်ႈ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ“ ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႆႉပဵၼ် လွင်ႈပပ်ႉ 'မၢၼ်ႇၼၢၼ်းရႃႇၸဝိၼ်ႇ' ၼႄလၵ်းထၢၼ်ငဝ်ႈႁၢၵ်ႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းတႆး ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽိၼ်ၽၵ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ် ဝဵင်းတႃႈၵွင် သင်ႇၶသ်သရတ်ႉထ ၼၼ်ႉမႃးယူႇ။ လွင်ႈၼႆႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ် ၸိူဝ်းပဵၼ် တႆးလႄႈ မၢၼ်ႈၶဝ်ၵေႃႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ယုမ်ႇယမ်ဝႃႈ ငဝ်ႈငႃႇၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်တႆးၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်တီႈ ၶုၼ်ၽိၼ်ႇၼၵ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ ႃႇၵီႇ ဢၼ်မႃးတီႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉမႃးၼႆယူႇ။ ၸုမ်းသွင်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပႆၢႈ လူင်းၵႂႃႇ ၸွမ်းၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်သေ လူင်းၵႂႃႇပွတ်းတူၵ်း ၵႂႃႇယူႇသဝ်း တီႈ မုတုၸိတ်ႉတၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸုမ်းမႆၢသၢမ်သမ်ႉ မႃးပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းပျူႇ၊ ၶိူဝ်းၵၢၼ်းယၼ်ႇ၊ ၶိူဝ်းတႅတ်ႉၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉသေ ယူႇသဝ်းၸွမ်း ၼၢင်းႁေႃၶမ်း ၼႃႇၵသဵင်ႇ တီႈမလႄႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Pe Maung Tin, The Glass of Palace Chronicle of the King of Burma, p.1.&lt;/ref&gt;

မိူဝ်ႈၶႄႇ မိူင်းၵၼ်ႇထႃႇရ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ တရူပ်ႉတရႅတ်ႉ (Tarop Taret) ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈ မိူင်းသဵၼ်ႉ (Sein) သေ မႃးယႃႉ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ပီပီႇၸီႇ 700 ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိတ်ႉၸတိူဝ်ႇၶွၵ်ႉၶ် (Mr. Cochs) ဝႃႈတႄႉ ယၢမ်းမႃးယႃႉ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ တေမႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 6 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉသေ ၵူၼ်းဢၼ်မႃးယႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈၶႄႇ တေပဵၼ်ၸုမ်းတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇၼိူဝ်လွႆ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ မႃးယႃႉလူႉၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းဢၼ်ဝႃႈ Tarop Taret ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ၵႂၢမ်းၶႄႇ ၵႂၢမ်းတႆး လေႃးၵၼ်ဝႆႉၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Cochrane (W.W), The Shan. P 47.&lt;/ref&gt;  ပွင်ႇဝႃႈ 'တႆးႁူၵ်းမိူင်း' ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ ၼၼ်ႉၵူၺ်းၼႆ ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယုမ်ႇယမ်ၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ။&lt;ref&gt;Hsen (Khur), The Origin  and the History of Tai. P 58.&lt;/ref&gt; 

ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း ဢၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဝႃႈ Sein, Siam, Syam, Sajam, Siem, Hsien ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ၸိုဝ်ႈတႆး ဢၼ်ၸႂ်ႉဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉၸိုဝ်ႈတႆးဝႆႉလႆၢလၢႆၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

ပေႃးဢဝ်ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈ ႁၼ်ထိုင်တႄႉ လွင်ႈဝႃႈ ငဝ်ႈငႃႇၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်တႆးၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်တီႈ ၶုၼ်ၽိၼ်ႇၼၵ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သႃႇၵီႇ ဢၼ်ပူၵ်း တင်ႈတႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉမႃးမူတ်းမူတ်းၼႆတႄႉ တိုၼ်းဢမ်ႇပဵၼ်လႆႈ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈသင် မိူဝ်ႈပီပီႇၸီႇမိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်တႆး ဢၼ်ၽွင်းငမ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶႄႇ မိူၼ်ပၢၼ်ဢႆၢႈလၢဝ်း၊ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၼႃႈ မိူင်းဢႆၢႈလၢဝ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ တိုၵ်ႉမီးဝႆႉတင်းၼမ်ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၶဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈ သၢႆသိုပ်ႇတႃႈၵွင်/မၼ်းဢမ်ႇလုၵ်ႉ တီႈတႃႈၵွင်သေမႃးၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီယူႇ။

မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ ၵူၼ်းၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းသၵျ (သႃႇၵီႇ) ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မႃးတင်ႈဝႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈပီပီႇၸီႇ 563-483 ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်း သႃႇသၼႃႇဝႃႈတႄႉ တေလႆႈဝႃႈ မၼ်းၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် တင်းပိုၼ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ တႃႈၵွင်ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ႁွင်ႉမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၵေႃးတမၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၵၵုသၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ တၼ်ႇတရပူႇရ ၼႆယူႇ။ ပၢၼ်ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၵေႃးၼႃႇၵမၼၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ရတ်ႉထပူႇရၼႆသေ ပၢၼ်ၽြႃးပဵၼ် ၵတ်ႉသပ်ႉပၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ႁွင်ႉ ဝႃႈ သၢင်းထွႆးတိၼ်းထူၺ်း ၼႆယူႇယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Pe Maung Tin, The Glass of Palace Chronicle of the King of Burma, p.1.&lt;/ref&gt;

ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ တင်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ပီပီႇၸီႇ 563-483 ၼႆသေတ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ပီမၼ်းလူႉလႅဝ် မိူဝ်ႈၶႄႇၶဝ် မႃးယႃႉတႃႈၵွင် (ၼႃႈလိၵ်ႈ-14) ၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈပီပီႇၸီႇ 700။ မိတ်ႉၸတိူဝ်ႇၶွၵ်ႉၶ် (Mr. Cochs) ဝႃႈတႄႉ ယၢမ်းမႃးယႃႉ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉ တေမႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 6 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉဝႃႈၼႆ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ် ပီတႄႇတင်ႈမၼ်းလႄႈ တင်းဢၼ်လူႉလႅဝ်ၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇၶူပ်းၵၼ်။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ပီ ဢၼ်လူႉလႅဝ်ၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ပီတႄႇတင်ႈမၼ်း လူဝ်ႇလႆႈပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႉလိူဝ်သေ ပီပီႇၸီႇ 700 ၶိုၼ်ႈ ၵႂႃႇတၢင်းပုၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ ပီတႄႇတင်ႈမၼ်း ပဵၼ်ပီလႂ်တႄႉတႄႉ ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ မၵ်းမၼ်ႈယၢပ်ႇဝႆႉယူႇ။ ပေႃးၵႂႃႇတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပပ်ႉ ပိုၼ်းမိူင်းမိတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇ ၶႄႇမိၼ်ႇတတႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ၼႃႈပုတ်ႉထ ၸဝ်ႈ လွၼ်ႉၵီႈ 300 ပီပႆၢၼႆ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ လူဝ်ႇပဵၼ်ၵႂႃႇ မွၵ်ႈ 900 ပုၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇယူႉ။ ဢၼ်ၼႆႉ ပႆႇတမ်းၸႂ် လူဝ်ႇလႆႈသိုပ်ႇ သွၵ်ႈႁႃ ထႅင်ႈၵွၼ်ႇ။

ပေႃးမႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးတႆးမိူဝ်ႈၵွၼ်ႇလႄႈ ပိုၼ်းတႆး မိူဝ်ႈၵွၼ်ႇဝႃႈၸိုင် တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဝဵင်းတႆး၊ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃးၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၽွင်းငမ်း ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸိုဝ်ႈဢၼ်ဝႃႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ် ၸိုဝ်ႈတႆးမႃးၸဵမ်လႂ်၊ တႃႈပွင်ႇဝႃႈ 'တႃႈႁိူဝ်း၊ တႃႈလူတ်ႉ' တႄႇၵႂႃႇ၊ ၵွင် တႄႉ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ်ၵႂၢမ်းတႆးဝႆႉ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ 'ၵွင်မွင်း'ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းဢဝ်ၵႂၢမ်း သွင်ၶေႃႈၼႆႉသေ တၢင်ႇမႃးလႄႈ ၸင်ႇ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Cochrane (W.W), The Shan. Pp.46-7.&lt;/ref&gt;

ပိၵ်ႉသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈပိုၼ်းမၢၼ်ႈၶဝ် ယုမ်ႇယမ်ဝႃႈ ၶိူဝ်းမၢၼ်ႈၶဝ်ၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉမႃးတီႈတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆသေတ ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်း ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ ၵျီႇဢီး ႁႃႇဝေး (G.E Harvey) တႄႉ မၼ်းတႅမ်ႈမႆၢဝႆႉဝႃႈ ဝဵင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ၶေးမၼ်းပဵၼ် ဝဵင်းၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;G.E Harvey, History of Burma,p.35&lt;/ref&gt;   ပိၵ်ႉသမ်ႉၶဝ် ယုမ်ႇယမ်ၼင်ႇၼၼ်သေတ ၸဝ်ႈပိုၼ်းမၢၼ်ႈၶဝ် ၶေးတေဢမ်ႇႁူႉတီႈပွင်ႇ ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းဢၼ်ဝႃႈ တႃႈၵွင်ၼၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ၊ ယွၼ်ႉမၼ်းဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈၵႂၢမ်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ၵႂၢမ်းတႆးဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။

ဢၼ်လၢၵ်ႇလႆၢးထႅင်ႈဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈ ဢၼ်ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ပိုၼ်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈၽြႃႈပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ပၢၼ်တႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၽူႈၶူၼ်ႉၶႂႃႉမၼ်း ပဵၼ်မဵတ်ႉတႃႇသျိၼ်ႇ၊  ၸိုဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ၶေႃႈမၼ်းဝႃႈ &quot;ပုတ်ႉထရူပမ်&quot;၊ ၶူၼ်ႉၶႂႃႉလွင်ႈႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်သိုပ်ႇပၢၼ်၊ ပႃးမႃးၼႂ်းပပ်ႉ 'သံလွင်ဦး မဂ္ဂဇင်း'။ ဢၼ်လီဢၢမ်းၼႃႇတႄႉ ၸိုဝ်ႈႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ဢဝ်ၵႂၢမ်းတႆး တႅမ်ႈလိၵ်ႈမၢၼ်ႈ ဝႆႉဝႃႈ 'ၼၵႃးမုင်းႁူဝ်ၽြႃး' (နဂါးမုန်းဟိုဘုရား) ၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;မေတ္တာရှင်၊ သံလွင်ဦး မဂ္ဂဇင်း၊ နှာ- ၂၂&lt;/ref&gt;  ၸိုဝ်ႈႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈၼႆႉ ဢဝ်လိၵ်ႈမၢၼ်ႈတႅမ်ႈဝႆႉသေတ ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းမၼ်းတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၵႂၢမ်းတႆးဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ် မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ဝဵင်းၶိူဝ်းလႂ်၊ ၸႂ်ႉၵႂၢမ်းသင် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ်ၵႂၢမ်းလၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸွမ်းႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီၼႃႇယဝ်ႉ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ပဵၼ်ႁိုဝ်ၵေႃႈလီ ဝၢႆးလင်တႄႉ ၸဝ်ႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ၽူႈၵေႃႇတင်ႈ မၼ်း ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ၊ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉ မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး ပွတ်းႁွင်ႇၼၼ်ႉမႃး။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်းတႆးဝႃႈၵေႃႈ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဝဵင်းၵဝ်ႇၵေႇတႆး၊ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျၶဝ် မႃးၽွင်းငမ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ သၢႆသိုပ်ႇၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ မီး 33 သိုပ်ႇ မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ဢၼ်တေလၢတ်ႈၼႄ ပႃႈတႂ်ႈၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။

လွင်ႈၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ လႆႈမႃးယူႇသဝ်း တႃႈၵွင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၼင်ႇၼႆ။ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်း ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇႁူပ်ႉႁၼ်လႆႈ လႅင်းထမ်းသေ ၶိုၼ်ႈပဵၼ်ၽြႃး တမ်ႈတီႈမႆႇၺွင်ႇပေႃးထိ တီႈပုတ်ႉထၵယႃႇ မွၵ်ႈ 300 ပီၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ ယူႇသဝ်းၼႂ်း မိူင်းၵပိလဝၢတ်ႈ၊ မိူင်းၶုၼ်သၵျၶဝ်။ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉမီးၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ပၺ်ႇၸႃႇရ ၽူႈၽွင်းငမ်းသွင်မိူင်း မိူင်းၵေႃးသလ၊ မိူင်းပၺ်ႇၸႃႇရ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ပၺ်ႇၸႃႇရၼႆႉ ယွၼ်ႉမၼ်းမီးၸႂ် ၶႂ်ႈလႆႈ လုၵ်ႈယိင်းသၢဝ် မိူင်းၵေႃးလိယ ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈပႃး ၼႂ်းၶိူဝ်းသၵျၼၼ်ႉ လႄႈ ၸႂ်ႉၵူၼ်းမၼ်းမႃးတွင်ႈမႃးထၢမ်။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈ ဢမ်ႇၶႂ်ႈဢဝ်လုၵ်ႈ ယိင်းသၢဝ် ပၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ပၺ်ႇၸႃႇရလႄႈ တွပ်ႇၶိုၼ်းမိူၵ်ႈမိူၵ်ႈလိူင်းလိူင်း။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ သွင်မိူင်း ပဵၼ်သိုၵ်းပဵၼ်သိူဝ်သေ တိုၵ်းတေႃးၵၼ်။ ၼႂ်းပၢင်တိုၵ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉမိူင်းၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းသၵျသႃႇၵီႇသၢမ်မိူင်း ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၵပိလဝတ်ႈ၊ မိူင်းတေႇဝတႁ၊ မိူင်း ၵေႃးလိယ သုမ်းသိုၵ်းလႄႈ လႆႈတႅၵ်ႇပဵၼ်ၵႂႃႇ သၢမ်ၸုမ်း။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ မိူင်းၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းသၵျ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်မိူင်ၵေႃးလိယလႄႈ မိူင်းတေႇဝတႁတႄႉ ၶိုၼ်းပူၵ်းတင်ႈ ပဵၼ်ဝၢၼ်ႈပဵၼ်မိူင်းၶိုၼ်းၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶဝ်ၼႆသေတ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ မိူင်းၵပိလဝတ်ႈတႄႉ ဢဝ်ၶႃႈဝၢၼ်ႈၵူၼ်းမိူင်း၊ ၵူၼ်းသိုၵ်းၵူၼ်းသိူဝ်မၼ်းသေလႄႈ မႃးၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉမႄႈၵဵဝ်သေ မႃးတင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈတင်ႈမိူင်း တီႈတႃႈၵွင်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Pe Maung Tin, The Glass of Palace Chronicle of the King of Burma, pp.2-3.&lt;/ref&gt;

သၢႆသိုပ်ႇၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ် ၃၃ ၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၸမ်ႉ -
# ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ
# ၵၼ်ႇရႃႇၸႃႇၵျီး (လုၵ်ႈၶုၼ်ဢၽိရႃႇၸႃႇ)
# ၸမ်ႇပူႇတီႇပရႃႇၸႃႇ
# သင်ႇၶတ်ႉသရႃႇၸႃႇ
# ဝိပ်ႉပၺ်ႇၺႃႇရႃႇၸႃႇ
# တေႇဝတႃႇရႃႇၸႃႇ
# မုၼိၵရႃႇၸႃႇ
# ၼႃႇၵရႃႇၸႃႇ (ၼႃႉမၼ်း)
# ဢိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇ (ၼွင်ႉၸၢႆးမၼ်း)
# သမုတိရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးမၼ်း)
# တေႇဝရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# မႁိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# ဝိမလရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# သီႇႁႃႇၼုရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# မင်ႇၵၼရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# ၵမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# ၵလိင်ႇၵရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# တိၼ်ႇထူၺ်းရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# သီႇႁလရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# ႁမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ (ၼွင်ႉၸၢႆး)
# ဝရရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# ဢလွင်းရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# ၵေႃးလၵရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# သူႇရိယရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# တိၼ်းၵျီးရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# ထဵင်းၵျီးရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# မထုရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# မိၼ်ႇႁလႃႇၵျီးရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# သမ်ႇသုသီႇႁရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# တၼ်ႇၼင်ႇၵရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# ႁိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# မေႃးရိယရႃႇၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)
# ၽိၼ်ႇၼၵရႃၸႃႇ (လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး)

ပဵၼ်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt; Pe Maung Tin, The Glass of Palace Chronicle of the King of Burma, pp. 2-3. &lt;/ref&gt;


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[[Category:တႆး]]</text>
      <sha1>boi66wzkt28q654kuqfvgdyr9l1q6ks</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:PL Colette Małżeństwo Klaudyny.djvu/230</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-03-30T17:37:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ankry</username>
        <id>20441</id>
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      <text bytes="1478" sha1="khau7ks4lcs0hnj4xqbl0iivvo2ptvx" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Ankry&quot; /&gt;{{f...|lewy=2em}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;giką cokolwiek chromą, gdyż wiedziałeś, że to nie było to samo... jestem ci więc wdzięczną, że o tem nie wspomniałeś.

Nie chciałabym nigdy, już sprawić ci zmartwienia, ale trzeba, abyś mi pomógł, Renaud. Tak, jestem twojem dzieckiem — niczem więcej, niż dzieckiem córką nadto pieszczoną, której należało odmówić czasem, gdy czegoś żądała. Chciałam Rezi i dałeś mi ją, jak k cukierek... Trzeba było mnie nauczyć, że łakocie są i szkodiwe, że biorąc wszystko musi się natrafiać i na lichotę... Nie bój się, drogi Renaud, że zasmucisz Klaudynę, gniewając się na nią. Pragnę, abym była zależną od ciebie i abym się bała trochę przyjaciela, którego tak kocham.

Jeszcze chcę ci powiedzieć: że nie powrócę do Paryża. Powierzyłeś mnie miejscu, które kocham, przyjedźże mnie odszukać, strzedz i kochać tutaj. Jeśli musiałbyś czasem opuścić mnie, z konieczności, czy ochoty, będę cię oczekiwała tu wiernie i bez podejrzeń. W naszem Fresnois jest dość piękna, dość smutku, więc nie obawiaj się nudów, gdy będziesz ze mną. Bo ja tu jestem piękniejszą, czulszą i uczciwszą.

A więc przybywaj, bo już nie mogę wytrzymać bez ciebie. Kocham cię, kocham. Po raz pierwszy piszę ci o tem. Przyjeżdżaj! Pomyśl, że czekałam już długie cztery dni, mój drogi mężusiu, i że nie jesteś już zbyt młodym dla mnie!...
{{...f}}

{{c|{{Roz*|KONIEC.}}}}

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na a ga-enye gị ikpe ahụ n'ikpeazụ: ee, a gaghị enye gị
arịrịọ gị.&lt;br&gt;
5. Site ugbu a gaa n'ihu, ị gaghị arịgo n'eluigwe ruo mgbe
ebighị ebi, iwu apụtawokwa iji kee gị ruo ụbọchị niile nke
ụwa.&lt;br&gt;
6. Na mbu, unu ga-ahụ mbibi nke ụmụ unu ndị unu hụrụ n'anya, unu agaghịkwa enwe obi ụtọ na ha, mana ha ga-ada
n'ihu unu site na mma agha.&lt;br&gt;
7. A gaghị anabata arịrịọ gị n'aha ha, ọ bụghịkwa naanị gị:
ọ bụrụgodị na ị na-akwa akwa ma na-ekpe ekpere ma na-
ekwu okwu niile dị n'akwụkwọ m dere.&lt;br&gt;
8. E gosiri m ọhụụ a otú a: Lee, n'ọhụụ ahụ, igwe ojii kpọrọ
m oku, igwe ojii kpọkwara m oku, kpakpando na amụma
na-agba ọsọ ma mee ka m dị ngwa ngwa, ifufe dị n'ọhụụ
ahụ mere ka m felie ma bulie m elu, burukwa m gaa
n'eluigwe.&lt;br&gt;
9. M wee banye ruo mgbe m rutere nso mgbidi e ji kristal
wuo ma gbaa ya gburugburu site na ire ọkụ: o wee malite
ịtụ m ụjọ.&lt;br&gt;
10. M wee banye n'ime ire ọkụ wee bịaruo nnukwu ụlọ e ji
kristal wuo nso: mgbidi ụlọ ahụ dịkwa ka ala e ji kristal
rụọ, ihe e ji kristal rụọ ya dịkwa ka ala kristal.&lt;br&gt;
11. Elu ụlọ ya dị ka ụzọ kpakpando na amụma, n'etiti ha ka
cherub na-ere ọkụ dị, eluigwe ha dịkwa ọcha dị ka mmiri.&lt;br&gt;
12. Ọkụ na-ere ọkụ gbara mgbidi ahụ gburugburu, ọnụ ụzọ
ama ya na-erekwa ọkụ.&lt;br&gt;
13. M wee banye n'ụlọ ahụ, ọ dịkwa ọkụ dị ka ọkụ, oyi
dịkwa ka ice: ọ dịghị ihe na-atọ ụtọ nke ndụ dị n'ime ya:&lt;br&gt;
14. Ka m na-ama jüjüji ma na-ama jüjüji, m wee daa n'ala n'ihu m.&lt;br&gt;
15. M wee hụ ọhụụ, lee! e nwere ụlọ nke abụọ, nke ka nke
mbụ ukwuu, ọnụ ụzọ ama ahụ dum meghere n'ihu m, e
jikwa ire ọkụ wuo ya.&lt;br&gt;
16. N'akụkụ niile, o mara mma nke ukwuu n'ịma mma na
ịdị ebube na oke nke na enweghị m ike ikowara gị ịma
mma ya na oke ya.&lt;br&gt;
17. Ala ya bụkwa ọkụ, n'elu ya ka amụma na ụzọ
kpakpando dị, elu ụlọ ya bụkwa ọkụ na-ere ọkụ.&lt;br&gt;
18. M wee hụ n'ime ya ka ocheeze dị elu dị: ọdịdị ya dị ka
kristal, wiil ya dịkwa ka anyanwụ na-enwu enwu, e
nwekwara ọhụụ nke cherub.&lt;br&gt;
19. Ọkụ na-ere ọkụ sikwa n'okpuru ocheeze ahụ pụta, nke
mere na enweghị m ike ile ya anya.&lt;br&gt;
20. Ebube Ukwu ahụ nọdụrụ n'elu ya, uwe ya na-enwu nke
ọma karịa anyanwụ ma na-acha ọcha karịa snow ọ bụla.&lt;br&gt;
21. Ọ dịghị onye mmụọ ozi ọ bụla nwere ike ibanye ma hụ
ihu Ya n'ihi ebube na ịdị ebube Ya, ọ dịghịkwa onye anụ ahụ
pụrụ ịhụ Ya.&lt;br&gt;
22. Ọkụ na-ere ọkụ gbara Ya gburugburu, nnukwu ọkụ
guzokwara n'ihu Ya, ọ dịghịkwa onye gbara Ya gburugburu
nke nwere ike ịbịaru Ya nso: puku kwuru puku kwuru puku
guzo n'ihu Ya, ma ọ dịghị onye ndumodu ọ bụla ọ chọrọ.&lt;br&gt;
23. Ndị kacha nso ndị nọ Ya nso apụghị n'abalị ma ọ bụ
pụo n'ebe Ọ nọ.&lt;br&gt;
24. Ruo mgbe ahụ, ano m n'ala n'ihu m, na-ama juiji: Onyenwe anyị wee kpọọ m n'ọnụ Ya, wee sị m: 'Bịa ebe a,Inọk, nụ okwu m.'&lt;br&gt;
25. Otu n'ime ndị nsọ bịakwutere m wee kpọtee m, Ọ wee
mee ka m bilie bịa ruo ọnụ ụzọ ahụ: m wee kpọọ isiala n'ala.

'''ISI nke 15'''

1. O wee zaa, sị m, m wee nụ olu Ya: 'Atụla egwu, Inọk,
onye ezi omume na odeakwụkwọ nke ezi omume: bịaruo
ebe a nụ olu m.&lt;br&gt;
2. Gaa gwa Ndị Nche nke eluigwe, bụ ndị zitere gị ka ị
rịọchitere ha arịrịọ, sị: &quot;Unu kwesiri ịrịọchitere mmadụ
arịrịọ,&quot; ọ bụghị mmadụ maka unu.&lt;br&gt;
3. Gịnị mere unu ji hapụ eluigwe dị elu, dị nsọ, na nke na-
adịru mgbe ebighị ebi, wee soro ụmụ nwanyị dinaa, ma
merụọ onwe unu na ụmụ nwanyị nke mmadụ ma lụọ
nwunye, ma mee ka ụmụ nke ụwa, ma mụokwa ndị dike
dịka ụmụ unu?&lt;br&gt;
4. Ọ bụ ezie na unu dị nsọ, nke mmụọ, na-ebi ndụ ebighị
ebi, unu emerụwo onwe unu site n'ọbara ụmụ nwanyị, unu
amụwokwa ụmụ site n'ọbara anụ ahụ, dịka ụmụ mmadụ,
agụụ anụ ahụ na ọbara na-agụkwa unu dịka ndị na-anwụ
anwụ na-eme.&lt;br&gt;
5. Ya mere, enyewo m ha nwunye ka ha wee mee ka ha dị
ime, wee mụta ụmụ site na ha, ka ihe ọ bụla wee ghara ịta
ha n'ụwa.&lt;br&gt;
6. Ma unu bụ ndị mmụọ, na-ebi ndụ ebighị ebi, na-
anwụghị anwụ ruo ọgbọ niile nke ụwa.&lt;br&gt;
7. Ya mere, ahọpụtaghị m unu nwunye; n'ihi na maka ndị
mmụọ nke eluigwe, ebe obibi ha dị n'eluigwe.&lt;br&gt;
8. Ugbu a, a ga-akpọ ndị dike ahụ, ndị sitere na mmụọ na
anụ ahụ, mmụọ ọjọọ n'ụwa, ebe obibi ha ga-adịkwa n'ụwa.&lt;br&gt;
9. Mmụọ ọjọọ esiwo n'ahụ ha pụta; n'ihi na a mụrụ ha site
n'aka mmadụ, sitekwa n'aka ndị nche dị nsọ ka mmalite na mmalite ha si dị; ha ga-abụ mmụọ ọjọọ n'ụwa, a ga-akpọkwa ha mmụọ ọjọọ.&lt;br&gt;
10. Ma mmụọ nke eluigwe, n'eluigwe ka ebe obibi ha ga-
abụ, mana maka mmụọ nke ụwa nke a mụrụ n'ụwa, n'ụwa
ka ebe obibi ha ga-abụ.&lt;br&gt;
11. Mmụọ nke ndị dike na-ata ahụhụ, na-emegbu, na-ebibi,
na-awakpo, na-alụ ọgụ, na-ebibi ụwa, na-akpata nsogbu: ha
anaghị eri nri, kama agụụ na akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ na-eme ihe
ọjọọ. Mmụọ ndị a ga-ebili megide ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ
anyị, n'ihi na ha esiwo n'ime ha pụo.
 
'''ISI nke 16'''

1. Site n'ụbọchị ogbugbu na mbibi na ọnwụ nke ndị dike,
site na mkpụrụ obi nke anụ ahụ ha, mgbe mmụọ ha pụtara,
ga-ebibi n'enweghị ikpe — otú a ka ha ga-ebibi ruo ụbọchị
njedebe, ikpe ukwu nke a ga-eme ka ụwa dị ọhụrụ, n'elu ndị
nche na ndị na-adịghị asọpụrụ Chineke, ee, ga-emezu
kpamkpam.&lt;br&gt;
2. Ma ugbu a, maka ndị nche zitere gị ka ị rịọchitere ha
arịrịọ, ndị nọbu n'eluigwe, gwa ha:&lt;br&gt;
3. &quot;Ị nọworị n'eluigwe, mana ihe omimi niile ekpughebeghị
gị, ị makwara ihe efu, ndị a ka i mere ka ụmụ nwanyị mara
site n'obi siri ike gị, sitekwa n'ihe omimi ndị a ka ụmụ
anyị na ụmụ nwoke na-eme ọtụtụ ihe ọjọọ n'ụwa.&quot;&lt;br&gt;
4. Ya mere, gwa ha: &quot;Udo adịghị unu.&quot;

'''ISI nke 17'''

1. Ha wee kpọta m n'ebe ndị nọ ebe ahụ dị ka ọkụ na-ere
ọkụ, mgbe ha chọrọ, ha dị ka mmadụ.

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na a ga-enye gị ikpe ahụ n'ikpeazụ: ee, a gaghị enye gị
arịrịọ gị.&lt;br&gt;
5. Site ugbu a gaa n'ihu, ị gaghị arịgo n'eluigwe ruo mgbe
ebighị ebi, iwu apụtawokwa iji kee gị ruo ụbọchị niile nke
ụwa.&lt;br&gt;
6. Na mbu, unu ga-ahụ mbibi nke ụmụ unu ndị unu hụrụ n'anya, unu agaghịkwa enwe obi ụtọ na ha, mana ha ga-ada
n'ihu unu site na mma agha.&lt;br&gt;
7. A gaghị anabata arịrịọ gị n'aha ha, ọ bụghịkwa naanị gị:
ọ bụrụgodị na ị na-akwa akwa ma na-ekpe ekpere ma na-
ekwu okwu niile dị n'akwụkwọ m dere.&lt;br&gt;
8. E gosiri m ọhụụ a otú a: Lee, n'ọhụụ ahụ, igwe ojii kpọrọ
m oku, igwe ojii kpọkwara m oku, kpakpando na amụma
na-agba ọsọ ma mee ka m dị ngwa ngwa, ifufe dị n'ọhụụ
ahụ mere ka m felie ma bulie m elu, burukwa m gaa
n'eluigwe.&lt;br&gt;
9. M wee banye ruo mgbe m rutere nso mgbidi e ji kristal
wuo ma gbaa ya gburugburu site na ire ọkụ: o wee malite
ịtụ m ụjọ.&lt;br&gt;
10. M wee banye n'ime ire ọkụ wee bịaruo nnukwu ụlọ e ji
kristal wuo nso: mgbidi ụlọ ahụ dịkwa ka ala e ji kristal
rụọ, ihe e ji kristal rụọ ya dịkwa ka ala kristal.&lt;br&gt;
11. Elu ụlọ ya dị ka ụzọ kpakpando na amụma, n'etiti ha ka
cherub na-ere ọkụ dị, eluigwe ha dịkwa ọcha dị ka mmiri.&lt;br&gt;
12. Ọkụ na-ere ọkụ gbara mgbidi ahụ gburugburu, ọnụ ụzọ
ama ya na-erekwa ọkụ.&lt;br&gt;
13. M wee banye n'ụlọ ahụ, ọ dịkwa ọkụ dị ka ọkụ, oyi
dịkwa ka ice: ọ dịghị ihe na-atọ ụtọ nke ndụ dị n'ime ya:&lt;br&gt;
14. Ka m na-ama jüjüji ma na-ama jüjüji, m wee daa n'ala n'ihu m.&lt;br&gt;
15. M wee hụ ọhụụ, lee! e nwere ụlọ nke abụọ, nke ka nke
mbụ ukwuu, ọnụ ụzọ ama ahụ dum meghere n'ihu m, e
jikwa ire ọkụ wuo ya.&lt;br&gt;
16. N'akụkụ niile, o mara mma nke ukwuu n'ịma mma na
ịdị ebube na oke nke na enweghị m ike ikowara gị ịma
mma ya na oke ya.&lt;br&gt;
17. Ala ya bụkwa ọkụ, n'elu ya ka amụma na ụzọ
kpakpando dị, elu ụlọ ya bụkwa ọkụ na-ere ọkụ.&lt;br&gt;
18. M wee hụ n'ime ya ka ocheeze dị elu dị: ọdịdị ya dị ka
kristal, wiil ya dịkwa ka anyanwụ na-enwu enwu, e
nwekwara ọhụụ nke cherub.&lt;br&gt;
19. Ọkụ na-ere ọkụ sikwa n'okpuru ocheeze ahụ pụta, nke
mere na enweghị m ike ile ya anya.&lt;br&gt;
20. Ebube Ukwu ahụ nọdụrụ n'elu ya, uwe ya na-enwu nke
ọma karịa anyanwụ ma na-acha ọcha karịa snow ọ bụla.&lt;br&gt;
21. Ọ dịghị onye mmụọ ozi ọ bụla nwere ike ibanye ma hụ
ihu Ya n'ihi ebube na ịdị ebube Ya, ọ dịghịkwa onye anụ ahụ
pụrụ ịhụ Ya.&lt;br&gt;
22. Ọkụ na-ere ọkụ gbara Ya gburugburu, nnukwu ọkụ
guzokwara n'ihu Ya, ọ dịghịkwa onye gbara Ya gburugburu
nke nwere ike ịbịaru Ya nso: puku kwuru puku kwuru puku
guzo n'ihu Ya, ma ọ dịghị onye ndumodu ọ bụla ọ chọrọ.&lt;br&gt;
23. Ndị kacha nso ndị nọ Ya nso apụghị n'abalị ma ọ bụ
pụo n'ebe Ọ nọ.&lt;br&gt;
24. Ruo mgbe ahụ, ano m n'ala n'ihu m, na-ama juiji: Onyenwe anyị wee kpọọ m n'ọnụ Ya, wee sị m: 'Bịa ebe a,Inọk, nụ okwu m.'&lt;br&gt;
25. Otu n'ime ndị nsọ bịakwutere m wee kpọtee m, Ọ wee
mee ka m bilie bịa ruo ọnụ ụzọ ahụ: m wee kpọọ isiala n'ala.

'''ISI nke 15'''

1. O wee zaa, sị m, m wee nụ olu Ya: 'Atụla egwu, Inọk,
onye ezi omume na odeakwụkwọ nke ezi omume: bịaruo
ebe a nụ olu m.&lt;br&gt;
2. Gaa gwa Ndị Nche nke eluigwe, bụ ndị zitere gị ka ị
rịọchitere ha arịrịọ, sị: &quot;Unu kwesiri ịrịọchitere mmadụ
arịrịọ,&quot; ọ bụghị mmadụ maka unu.&lt;br&gt;
3. Gịnị mere unu ji hapụ eluigwe dị elu, dị nsọ, na nke na-
adịru mgbe ebighị ebi, wee soro ụmụ nwanyị dinaa, ma
merụọ onwe unu na ụmụ nwanyị nke mmadụ ma lụọ
nwunye, ma mee ka ụmụ nke ụwa, ma mụokwa ndị dike
dịka ụmụ unu?&lt;br&gt;
4. Ọ bụ ezie na unu dị nsọ, nke mmụọ, na-ebi ndụ ebighị
ebi, unu emerụwo onwe unu site n'ọbara ụmụ nwanyị, unu
amụwokwa ụmụ site n'ọbara anụ ahụ, dịka ụmụ mmadụ,
agụụ anụ ahụ na ọbara na-agụkwa unu dịka ndị na-anwụ
anwụ na-eme.&lt;br&gt;
5. Ya mere, enyewo m ha nwunye ka ha wee mee ka ha dị
ime, wee mụta ụmụ site na ha, ka ihe ọ bụla wee ghara ịta
ha n'ụwa.&lt;br&gt;
6. Ma unu bụ ndị mmụọ, na-ebi ndụ ebighị ebi, na-
anwụghị anwụ ruo ọgbọ niile nke ụwa.&lt;br&gt;
7. Ya mere, ahọpụtaghị m unu nwunye; n'ihi na maka ndị
mmụọ nke eluigwe, ebe obibi ha dị n'eluigwe.&lt;br&gt;
8. Ugbu a, a ga-akpọ ndị dike ahụ, ndị sitere na mmụọ na
anụ ahụ, mmụọ ọjọọ n'ụwa, ebe obibi ha ga-adịkwa n'ụwa.&lt;br&gt;
9. Mmụọ ọjọọ esiwo n'ahụ ha pụta; n'ihi na a mụrụ ha site
n'aka mmadụ, sitekwa n'aka ndị nche dị nsọ ka mmalite na mmalite ha si dị; ha ga-abụ mmụọ ọjọọ n'ụwa, a ga-akpọkwa ha mmụọ ọjọọ.&lt;br&gt;
10. Ma mmụọ nke eluigwe, n'eluigwe ka ebe obibi ha ga-
abụ, mana maka mmụọ nke ụwa nke a mụrụ n'ụwa, n'ụwa
ka ebe obibi ha ga-abụ.&lt;br&gt;
11. Mmụọ nke ndị dike na-ata ahụhụ, na-emegbu, na-ebibi,
na-awakpo, na-alụ ọgụ, na-ebibi ụwa, na-akpata nsogbu: ha
anaghị eri nri, kama agụụ na akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ na-eme ihe
ọjọọ. Mmụọ ndị a ga-ebili megide ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ
anyị, n'ihi na ha esiwo n'ime ha pụo.
 
'''ISI nke 16'''

1. Site n'ụbọchị ogbugbu na mbibi na ọnwụ nke ndị dike,
site na mkpụrụ obi nke anụ ahụ ha, mgbe mmụọ ha pụtara,
ga-ebibi n'enweghị ikpe — otú a ka ha ga-ebibi ruo ụbọchị
njedebe, ikpe ukwu nke a ga-eme ka ụwa dị ọhụrụ, n'elu ndị
nche na ndị na-adịghị asọpụrụ Chineke, ee, ga-emezu
kpamkpam.&lt;br&gt;
2. Ma ugbu a, maka ndị nche zitere gị ka ị rịọchitere ha
arịrịọ, ndị nọbu n'eluigwe, gwa ha:&lt;br&gt;
3. &quot;Ị nọworị n'eluigwe, mana ihe omimi niile ekpughebeghị
gị, ị makwara ihe efu, ndị a ka i mere ka ụmụ nwanyị mara
site n'obi siri ike gị, sitekwa n'ihe omimi ndị a ka ụmụ
anyị na ụmụ nwoke na-eme ọtụtụ ihe ọjọọ n'ụwa.&quot;&lt;br&gt;
4. Ya mere, gwa ha: &quot;Udo adịghị unu.&quot;

'''ISI nke 17'''

1. Ha wee kpọta m n'ebe ndị nọ ebe ahụ dị ka ọkụ na-ere
ọkụ, mgbe ha chọrọ, ha dị ka mmadụ.

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2. Ha kpọbatara m n'ebe gbara ọchịchịrị, ruo kwa n'ugwu
ebe elu ya ruru eluigwe.&lt;br&gt;
3. Ahụrụ m ebe ndị na-enye ìhè na ebe nchekwa nke
kpakpando na nke agba eluigwe na n'ime omimi kacha
omimi, ebe ụta na akụ ha dị, na mma agha na-ere ọkụ na
amụma niile.&lt;br&gt;
4. Ha kpọọrọ m gaa na mmiri dị ndụ, na ọkụ nke ọdịda
anyanwụ, nke na-enweta ọdịda anyanwụ niile.&lt;br&gt;
5. M wee bịarute n'osimiri ọkụ nke ọkụ ahụ na-asọ dị ka
mmiri ma na-agbapụta onwe ya n'ime oké osimiri ukwu
ahụ gaa n'ọdịda anyanwụ.&lt;br&gt;
6. Ahụrụ m nnukwu osimiri wee bịarute n'osimiri ukwu
ahụ na nnukwu ọchịchịrị ahụ, wee gaa ebe anụ ahụ na-
anaghị eje ije.&lt;br&gt;
7. Ahụrụ m ugwu nke ọchịchịrị nke oge oyi na ebe mmiri
niile nke miri emi si apụta.&lt;br&gt;
8. Ahụrụ m ọnụ osimiri niile dị n'ụwa na ọnụ nke omimi.

'''ISI nke 18'''

1. Ahụrụ m ebe nchekwa nke ifufe niile: Ahụrụ m otú Ọ si
nye ha ihe niile e kere eke na ntọala siri ike nke ụwa.&lt;br&gt;
2. M wee hụ nkume nkuku nke ụwa: Ahụrụ m ifufe anọ ndị
na-ebu ụwa na mbara igwe nke eluigwe.&lt;br&gt;
3. Ahụrụ m ka ifufe si agbata mbara igwe, ma nwee ebe ha
guzo n'etiti eluigwe na ụwa: ndị a bụ ogidi nke eluigwe.&lt;br&gt;
4. Ahụrụ m ifufe nke eluigwe ka ha na-atụgharị ma na-eme
ka anyanwụ na kpakpando niile gbaa gburugburu.&lt;br&gt;
5. Ahụrụ m ifufe n'elu ụwa nke na-ebu igwe ojii: Ahụrụ m
ụzọ ndị mmụọ ozi. Ahụrụ m mbara eluigwe n'elu na nsọtụ
ụwa.&lt;br&gt;
6. M wee gaa n'ihu wee hụ ebe na-ere ọkụ ehihie na abalị,
ebe e nwere ugwu asaa nke nkume mara mma, atọ n'akụkụ
ọwụwa anyanwụ, atọ n'akụkụ ọdịda.&lt;br&gt;
7. Ma ndị nọ n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ, otu bụ nkume agba,
otu bụ pearl, otu bụ jacinth, otu bụkwa ndị nọ n'akụkụ
ọdịda nke nkume uhie.&lt;br&gt;
8. Ma nke etiti ruru eluigwe dịka ocheeze Chineke, nke
alabasta, elu nke ocheeze ahụ bụkwa nke sapphire.&lt;br&gt;
9. Ahụrụ m ọkụ na-ere ọkụ. N'ofe ugwu ndị a ka e nwere
mpaghara njedebe nke ụwa ukwu ahụ: ebe ahụ ka e
mechara eluigwe.&lt;br&gt;
10. Ahụrụ m olulu miri emi, nke nwere ogidi ọkụ eluigwe,
n'etiti ha ka m hụrụ ogidi ọkụ ka ha na-ada, nke karịrị
akarị n'ebe dị elu na n'ebe omimi dị.&lt;br&gt;
11. Ma n'ofe abyss ahụ, ahụrụ m ebe na-enweghị mbara
eluigwe n'elu, ọ dịghịkwa ụwa siri ike n'okpuru ya: mmiri
adịghị n'elu ya, ọ dịghịkwa nnụnụ, kama ọ bụ ebe tọgbọrọ
n'efu na ebe dị egwu.&lt;br&gt;
12. Ahụrụ m kpakpando asaa n'ebe ahụ dị ka nnukwu ugwu
na-ere ọkụ, ma nye m, mgbe m jụrụ ajụjụ gbasara ha,&lt;br&gt;
13. Mmụọ ozi ahụ kwuru, sị: 'Ebe a bụ njedebe nke
eluigwe na ụwa: nke a aghọọla ụlọ mkpọrọ maka
kpakpando na usuu ndị agha nke eluigwe.&lt;br&gt;
14. Kpakpando ndị na-efegharị n'elu ọkụ bụ ndị mebiri iwu
Onyenwe anyị n'oge mmalite ha, n'ihi na ha apụtaghị n'oge
a kara aka ha.&lt;br&gt;
15. Ọ wesakwara ha iwe, kee ha agbụ ruo mgbe a ga-eme
ka ikpe omume ha gwụchaa ọbụna ruo puku afọ iri.

'''ISI nke 19'''

1. Uriel wee sị m: 'Ndị mmụọ ozi ndị jikọtara onwe ha na
ụmụ nwanyị ga-eguzo, mmụọ ha na-eche na ụdị dị iche
iche na-emeru mmadụ ma duhie ha ka ha wee chọọ ndị
mmụọ ọjọọ aja dị ka chi, ebe a ka ha ga-eguzo, ruo ụbọchị
ikpe ukwu nke a ga-ekpe ha ikpe ruo mgbe a ga-eme ka ha
gwụchaa.&lt;br&gt;
2. Ụmụ nwanyị ndị mmụọ ozi ndị ahụ kpafuru akpafu ga-
aghọkwa siren.&lt;br&gt;
3. M onwe m, Inọk, hụrụ ọhụụ ahụ, njedebe nke ihe niile:
ọ dịghịkwa onye ga-ahụ ihe dịka m hụrụ.

'''ISI nke 20'''

1. Ndị a bụkwa aha ndị mmụọ ozi dị nsọ na-ele anya.&lt;br&gt;
2. Uriel, otu n'ime ndị mmụọ ozi dị nsọ, onye na-achị ụwa
na Tartaros.&lt;br&gt;
3. Rafael, otu n'ime ndị mmụọ ozi dị nsọ, onye na-achịkwa
mmụọ nke mmadụ.&lt;br&gt;
4. Raguel, otu n'ime ndị mmụọ ozi dị nsọ nke na-abọ ọbọ
n'ahụ ụwa nke ndị na-enye ìhè.&lt;br&gt;
5. Maikel, otu n'ime ndị mmụọ ozi dị nsọ, ya bụ, onye na-
achị akụkụ kacha mma nke ụmụ mmadụ na ndị na-achị
ọgba aghara.&lt;br&gt;
6. Saraqael, otu n'ime ndị mmụọ ozi dị nsọ, onye a
họpụtara n'isi mmụọ, ndị na-emehie n'ime mmụọ.&lt;br&gt;
7. Gabriel, otu n'ime ndị mmụọ ozi dị nsọ, onye na-elekọta
Paradais na agwọ na Cherubim.&lt;br&gt;
8. Remiel, otu n'ime ndị mmụọ ozi dị nsọ, onye Chineke
họpụtara n'elu ndị na-ebilite.

'''ISI nke 21'''

1. M wee gaa ebe ihe dị mgbagwoju anya.&lt;br&gt;
2. Ahụrụkwa m ihe dị egwu n'ebe ahụ: Ahụghị m eluigwe
dị n'elu ma ọ bụ ụwa siri ike, kama ọ bụ ebe jupụtara na
nsogbu na ihe dị egwu.&lt;br&gt;
3. N'ebe ahụ ka m hụrụ kpakpando asaa nke eluigwe e
jikọtara ọnụ n'ime ya, dị ka ugwu ukwu ma na-ere ọkụ.&lt;br&gt;
4. M wee sị: 'N'ihi mmehie dị aṅaa ka e ji kee ha, gịnịkwa
mere e ji tụba ha ebe a?'&lt;br&gt;
5. Uriel, otu n'ime ndị mmụọ ozi dị nsọ, onye nọnyere m,
bụkwa onye isi ha, kwuru sị: 'Inọk, gịnị mere ị ji arịọ,
gịnịkwa mere ị ji achọ eziokwu ike?'&lt;br&gt;
6. Ndị a bụ ọnụọgụ kpakpando nke eluigwe, ndị mebiri
iwu Onyenwe anyị, ma a kpọchie ha ebe a ruo puku afọ iri,
oge mmehie ha ga-agwụcha.&lt;br&gt;
7. Site n'ebe ahụ, agara m ebe ọzọ, nke ka dị njọ karịa nke
mbu, ahụrụ m ihe dị egwu: nnukwu ọkụ n'ebe ahụ nke na-
ere ma na-ere ọkụ, ebe ahụ gbawara ruo abyss, jupụtara na
nnukwu ogidi ọkụ na-agbadata: enweghị m ike ịhụ oke ya
ma ọ bụ ịdị ukwuu ya, enweghikwa m ike iche echiche.&lt;br&gt;
8. Mgbe ahụ, m sịrị: 'Lee ka ebe ahụ si dị egwu, leekwa ka
ile anya si dị njọ!'&lt;br&gt;
9. Uriel zara m, otu n'ime ndị mmụọ ozi dị nsọ nke
nọnyere m, wee sị m: Inọk, gịnị mere iji tụọ egwu na
ụjọ?' M wee zaa, sị: 'N'ihi ebe a dị egwu, na n'ihi ihe mgbu
ahụ.'&lt;br&gt;
10. Ọ wee sị m: 'Ebe a bụ ụlọ mkpọrọ nke ndị mmụọ ozi,
ebe a ka a ga-atụ ha mkpọrọ ruo mgbe ebighị ebi.'

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'''ISI nke 35'''

1. Site n'ebe ahụ, agara m n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ ruo
nsọtụ ụwa, wee hụ ọnụ ụzọ ama atọ nke eluigwe ka e
meghere dịka m hụrụ n'ọwụwa anyanwụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ ọnụ
ụzọ ama ndị ahụ dị otu, na ọnụ ọgụgụ ọnụ ụzọ ama ndị ahụ
dị otu.

'''ISI nke 36'''

1. Site n'ebe ahụ, m gara n'ebe ndịda ruo na nsọtụ ụwa, wee
hụ ọnụ ụzọ ama atọ mepere emepe nke eluigwe: igirigi,
mmiri ozuzo, na ifufe wee si n'ebe ahụ bia.&lt;br&gt;
2. Site n'ebe ahụ, agara m n'ọwụwa anyanwụ ruo nsọtụ
eluigwe, wee hụ ebe ahụ ọnụ ụzọ ama atọ nke eluigwe
mepere emepe na obere ọnụ ụzọ ama dị n'elu ha.&lt;br&gt;
3. Site n'ọnụ ụzọ nta ndị a niile, kpakpando nke eluigwe
na-agafe ma na-agba ọsọ ha gaa n'ọdịda anyanwụ n'ụzọ e
gosiri ha.&lt;br&gt;
4. Mgbe ọ bụla m hụrụ, ana m agọzi Onyenwe otuto mgbe
niile, m wee nọgide na-agọzi Onyenwe otuto onye rụrụ
nnukwu ọrụ ebube dị ebube, iji gosi ịdị ukwuu nke ọrụ ya
nye ndị mmụọ ozi na ndị mmụọ na mmadụ, ka ha wee too
ọrụ Ya na ihe niile Ọ kere eke: ka ha wee hụ ọrụ ike Ya ma
too ọrụ aka Ya dị ukwuu ma gọzie Ya ruo mgbe ebighị ebi.

'''ISI nke 37'''

1. Ọhụụ nke abụọ ọ hụrụ, ọhụụ nke amamihe—nke Inọk
nwa Jared, nwa Mahalalel, nwa Kenan, nwa Enos, nwa Set,
nwa Adam, hụrụ.&lt;br&gt;
2. Nke a bụkwa mmalite nke okwu amamihe nke m weliri
olu m ikwu okwu ma gwa ndị bi n'ụwa: Nụrụnụ, unu ndị
oge ochie, hụkwanụ, unu ndị na-abịa mgbe e mesịrị, okwu
nke Onye Nsọ nke m ga-ekwu n'ihu Onyenwe Mmụọ.&lt;br&gt;
3. Ọ ka mma ikọwara ha naanị ndị mmadụ oge ochie, mana
ọbụna site n'aka ndị ga-abịa mgbe anyị gasịrị, anyị agaghị
egbochi mmalite nke amamihe.&lt;br&gt;
4. Ruo taa, Onyenwe Mmụọ enyebeghị ụdị amamihe dị otu
a dịka m natara dịka nghọta m si dị, dịka obi dị Onyenwe
Mmụọ nke Mmụọ si dị onye nyere m ndụ ebighị ebi.&lt;br&gt;
5. Ugbu a, e nyere m ilu atọ, m wee welie olu m ma kpọọ
ha ndị bi n'ụwa.

'''ISI nke 38'''

1. Ilu Mbụ. Mgbe nzukọ ndị ezi omume ga-apụta ìhè, a ga-
ekpekwa ndị mmehie ikpe maka mmehie ha, a ga-achụpụkwa ha n'elu ụwa.&lt;br&gt;
2. Mgbe Onye Ezi Omume ga-apụta n'ihu ndị ezi omume,
ndị ọrụ ha họpụtara dabere n'ahụ Onyenwe anyị nke
Mmụọ Nsọ, ihe ga-apụta ìhè nye ndị ezi omume na ndị a họpụtara bi n'ụwa, ebee ka ebe obibi nke ndị mmehie ga-adị, ebeekwa ka ebe izu ike nke ndị gọnarị Onyenwe anyị
nke Mmụọ Nsọ ga-adị? Ọ gaara adị ha mma ma a sị na a
mụghị ha.&lt;br&gt;
3. Mgbe a ga-ekpughe ihe nzuzo nke ndị ezi omume ma
kpee ndị mmehie ikpe, a chụpụkwa ndị na-adịghị asọpụrụ
Chineke n'ihu ndị ezi omume na ndị a họpụtara.&lt;br&gt;
4. Site n'oge ahụ, ndị nwere ụwa agaghị adị ike ma dị elu
ọzọ: ha agaghịkwa enwe ike ịhụ ihu onye nsọ ahụ, n'ihi na


Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ Nsọ emewo ka ìhè Ya pụta ìhè
n'ihu ndị nsọ, ndị ezi omume, na ndị a họpụtara.&lt;br&gt;
5. Mgbe ahụ ka ndị eze na ndị dike ga-ala n'iyi, a ga-
enyekwa ha n'aka ndị ezi omume na ndị nsọ.&lt;br&gt;
6. Ma site n'oge ahụ gaa n'ihu, ọ dịghị onye ga-achọ ebere
n'aka Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ n'ihi na ndụ ha agwụla.

'''ISI nke 39'''

1. Ọ ga-erukwa n'ụbọchị ndị ahụ na ụmụ a họpụtara na ndị
dị nsọ ga-esi n'eluigwe dị elu rịdata, mkpụrụ ha ga-
aghọkwa otu na ụmụ mmadụ.&lt;br&gt;
2. N'oge ahụ, Inọk natara akwụkwọ ịnu ọkụ n'obi na iwe,
na akwụkwọ nchegbu na nchụpụ. A gaghịkwa emere ha
ebere, ka Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ Nsọ kwuru.&lt;br&gt;
3. N'oge ahụ, oké ifufe buru m pụọ n'ụwa, wee doba m
n'akụkụ eluigwe.&lt;br&gt;
4. N'ebe ahụ ka m hụrụ ọhụụ ọzọ, ebe obibi nke ndị nsọ, na
ebe izu ike nke ndị ezi omume.&lt;br&gt;
5. N'ebe a ka anya m hụrụ ebe obibi ha na ndị mmụọ ozi
Ya dị nsọ, na ebe izu ike ha na ndị nsọ. Ha wee rịọ arịrịọ,
rịọ arịrịọ, kpeekwa ekpere maka ụmụ mmadụ, ezi omume
wee na-asọpụ n'ihu ha dị ka mmiri, ebere dịkwa ka igirigi
n'elu ụwa: otú a ka ọ dị n'etiti ha ruo mgbe ebighị ebi.&lt;br&gt;
6a. N'ebe ahụ ka anya m hụrụ Onye A Họpụtara nke ezi
omume na nke okwukwe,&lt;br&gt;
7a. M wee hụ ebe obibi ya n'okpuru nku nke Onyenwe anyị
nke Mmụọ.&lt;br&gt;
6b. Ezi omume ga-emerikwa n'oge ya, ndị ezi omume na
ndị a họpụtara ga-adikwa n'enweghị ọnụọgụ n'ihu Ya ruo
mgbe ebighị ebi.&lt;br&gt;
7b. Ndị ezi omume niile na ndị a họpụtara n'ihu Ya ga-adị
ike dị ka ọkụ na-enwu enwu, ọnụ ha ga-ejupụta n'ọṅụ,
egbugbere ọnụ ha na-etokwa aha Onyenwe anyị nke
Mmụọ Nsọ, ezi omume agaghị ada ada n'ihu Ya, izi ezi
agaghị ada ada n'ihu Ya.&lt;br&gt;
8. N'ebe ahụ ka m chọrọ ibi, mmụọ m chọkwara ebe obibi
ahụ: ebe ahụkwa ka oke m dịbu, n'ihi na otu a ka e
guzobere ya maka m n'ihu Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ.&lt;br&gt;
9. N'oge ahụ, etoola m ma too aha Onyenwe anyị nke
Mmụọ site n'inye ngozi na otuto, n'ihi na Ọ kenyere m
ngozi na otuto dịka obi dị Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ si dị.&lt;br&gt;
10. Anya m lere ebe ahụ anya ogologo oge, m wee gọzie ya
ma too ya, na-asị: 'Onye a gọziri agọzi ka ọ bụ, ka Chineke
gọziekwa ya site na mmalite ruo mgbe ebighị ebi.'&lt;br&gt;
11. N'ihu Ya, ọ dịghị ihe ga-akwụsị. Ọ maara tupu e kee
ụwa ihe ga-adịru mgbe ebighị ebi na ihe ga-adịru site
n'ọgbọ ruo n'ọgbọ.&lt;br&gt;
12. Ndị na-arahụghị ụra na-agọzi Gị: ha guzoro n'ihu ebube
Gị ma na-agọzi, na-eto, ma na-eto, na-asị: &quot;Dị Nsọ, nsọ,
nsọ, ka Onyenwe Mmụọ dị: Ọ na-ejuputa ụwa na mmụọ.&quot;&lt;br&gt;
13. Lee anya m hụrụ ndị niile na-arahụghị ụra: ha guzoro
n'ihu Ya wee gọzie ma sị: 'Onye a gọziri agọzi ka Ị bụ,
Onye a gọziri agọzi ka aha Onyenwe anyị dịrị ruo mgbe
ebighị ebi.'&lt;br&gt;
14. Ihu m wee gbanwee; n'ihi na enweghị m ike ịhụ ụzọ
ọzọ.

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9. Ha ga-ebibikwa ndị niile bi n'ụwa na ndị bi n'okpuru
nsọtụ eluigwe.&lt;br&gt;
10. Mgbe ha matachara ajọ omume ha nke ha mere n'ụwa,
mgbe ahụ ka ha ga-ala n'iyi site n'aka ndị a.

'''ISI nke 55'''

1. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, Onyeisi Ụbọchị chegharịrị wee sị:
‘Ebibiwo m ndị niile bi n'ụwa n'efu.’&lt;br&gt;
2. O ji aha ukwu Ya nyụọ iyi, sị: ‘M agaghị eme ndị niile
bi n'ụwa otu a, m ga-etinyekwa ihe ịrịba ama n'eluigwe:
nke a ga-abụkwa nkwa nke ezi okwukwe n'etiti mụ na ha
ruo mgbe ebighị ebi, ruo mgbe eluigwe dị n'elu ụwa. Nke a
bụkwa dịka iwu m si dị.’&lt;br&gt;
3. Mgbe m chọrọ ijide ha n'aka ndị mmụọ ozi n'ụbọchị
mkpagbu na ihe mgbu n'ihi nke a, m ga-eme ka ntaramahụhụ
m na iwe m dịgide n'ahụ ha, ka Chineke, Onyenwe Mmụọ,
kwuru.&lt;br&gt;
4. Unu ndị eze dị ike bi n'ụwa, unu ga-ahụ Onye m
họpụtara, ka Ọ nọdu n'ocheeze ebube wee kpee Azazel
ikpe, na ndị niile ya na ha so, na ndị agha ya niile n'aha
Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ.

'''ISI nke 56'''

1. M wee hụ ebe ahụ ka ndị mmụọ ozi nke ntaramahụhụ
na-aga, ha jikwa ụtarị na agbụ igwe na ọla nchara.&lt;br&gt;
2. M wee jụọ mmụọ ozi nke udo nke soro m, sị: ‘Onye ka
ndị a ji ihe otiti na-aga?’&lt;br&gt;
3. Ọ wee sị m: ‘Nye ndị ha họọrọ na ndị ha hụrụ n'anya,
ka a tụba ha n'olulu nke abis nke ndagwurugwu ahụ.’&lt;br&gt;
4. Mgbe ahụ, ndagwurugwu ahụ ga-ejupụta na ndị ha
họọrọ na ndị ha hụrụ n'anya, ụbọchị ndụ ha ga-agwụkwa,
a gaghịkwa agụta ụbọchị nke iduhie ha site n'oge ahụ gaa
n'ihu.&lt;br&gt;
5. N'ụbọchị ndị ahụ, ndị mmụọ ozi ga-alọghachi, ha ga-
atụba onwe ha n'ọwụwa anyanwụ n'elu ndị Patia na ndị
Midia: ha ga-akpali ndị eze, ka mmụọ nke ọgba aghara
wee bịakwasi ha, ha ga-akpọtekwa ha n'ocheeze ha, ka ha
wee gbapụ dịka ọdụm si n'ogba ya pụta, dịka anụ ọhịa
wolf agụụ ji n'etiti igwe atụrụ ha.&lt;br&gt;
6. Ha ga-arịgo ma zoo ala nke ndị a họpụtara, ala nke ndị
a họpụtara ga-abụkwa ebe a na-azọcha mkpụrụ na okporo
ụzọ n'ihu ha.&lt;br&gt;
7. Ma obodo nke ndị ezi omume m ga-abụ ihe mgbochi nye
inyinya ha. Ha ga-amalitekwa ịlụ ọgụ n'etiti onwe ha, aka
nri ha ga-adikwa ike megide onwe ha, mmadụ agaghị ama
nwanne ya nwoke, nwa nwoke agaghị ama nna ya ma ọ bụ
nne ya, ruo mgbe a gaghị enwe ọnụ ọgụgụ ozu site
n'ogbugbu ha, ntaramahụhụ ha agaghịkwa abụ ihe efu.&lt;br&gt;
8. N'ụbọchị ndị ahụ, Shiol ga-emepe agba ya, a ga-eloda ha n'ime ya, mbibi ha ga-agwụkwa; Shiol ga-eripịa
ndị mmehie n'ihu ndị a họpụtara.

'''ISI nke 57'''

1. O wee ruo mgbe nke a gasịrị, ahụrụ m igwe ndị agha
ọzọ, na ndị ikom na-agba ya, na-abịa site n'ikuku na-efe
site n'ọwụwa anyanwụ, sitekwa n'ọdịda anyanwụ ruo na
ndịda.&lt;br&gt;
2. Anụrụkwa m mkpọtụ nke ụgbọ ala ha, mgbe ọgba aghara
a mere, ndị nsọ si n'eluigwe kwuo okwu ahụ, e wee kwaga


ogidi ụwa n'ọdịdị ha, a nyakwa ụda ya site n'otu nsọtụ
eluigwe ruo na nke ọzọ, n'otu ụbọchị.&lt;br&gt;
3. Ha niile ga-ada n'ala ma fee Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ
Nso. Nke a bụkwa njedebe nke ilu nke abụọ.

'''ISI nke 58'''

1. Amalitere m ikwu ilu nke atọ gbasara ndị ezi omume na
ndị a họpụtara.&lt;br&gt;
2. Ngozi na-adịrị unu, ndị ezi omume na ndị a họpụtara,
n'ihi na oke unu ga-adị ebube.&lt;br&gt;
3. Ndị ezi omume ga-anọkwa n'ìhè anyanwụ. Ndị a
họpụtara ga-anọkwa n'ìhè nke ndụ ebighị ebi: ụbọchị ndụ
ha ga-adịru mgbe ebighị ebi, ụbọchị nke ndị nsọ
agaghịkwa agwụ agwụ.&lt;br&gt;
4. Ha ga-achọ ihe ahụ wee chọta ezi omume n'aka
Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ: udo ga-adịrị ndị ezi omume
n'aha Onyenwe anyị nke ebighị ebi.&lt;br&gt;
5. Mgbe nke a gasịrị, a ga-agwa ndị nsọ nọ n'eluigwe, sị,
“Ha ga-achọ ihe nzuzo nke ezi omume, ihe nketa nke
okwukwe: n'ihi na ọ na-enwu dịka anyanwụ n'ụwa,
ọchịchịrị agafeela.”&lt;br&gt;
6. Ìhè ga-adịkwa nke na-adịghị agwụ agwụ, ruo kwa oke
ụbọchị ha agaghị abịa, n'ihi na a ga-eburu ụzọ bibie
ọchịchịrị ahụ, meekwa ka ihe guzosie ike n'ihu Onyenwe
Mmụọ, meekwa ka ihe nke ezi omume guzosie ike ruo
mgbe ebighị ebi n'ihu Onyenwe Mmụọ.

'''ISI nke 59'''

1. N'oge ahụ, anya m hụrụ ihe nzuzo nke amụma, na nke
ihe, na ikpe ndị ha na-eme, ha na-emekwa ka o dị mfe
maka ngozi ma ọ bụ nkọcha dịka Onyenwe Mmụọ si chọọ.&lt;br&gt;
2. N'ebe ahụ ka m hụrụ ihe nzuzo nke égbè eluigwe, na otú
mgbe ọ na-ada ụda n'elu n'eluigwe, a na-anụ olu ya, o wee
mee ka m hụ ikpe ndị e kpeere n'ụwa, ma ọ bụ maka
ọdịmma na ngozi, ma ọ bụ maka nkọcha dịka okwu nke
Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ si dị.&lt;br&gt;
3. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, e gosiri m ihe nzuzo niile nke ìhè
na amụma, ha na-enwukwa ọkụ maka ngozi na maka afọ
ojuju.

'''ISI nke 60'''

1. N'afọ narị ise, n'ọnwa nke asaa, n'ụbọchị nke iri na anọ
nke ọnwa ahụ na ndụ Inọk. N'ịlu ahụ, ahụrụ m ka oke
ala ndị agha nke Onye Kachasị Elu, na ndị mmụọ ozi,
puku kwuru puku, puku kwuru puku, puku kwuru puku,
puku kwuru puku, puku kwuru puku, nwere nnukwu
nsogbu.&lt;br&gt;
2. Onyeisi Ụbọchị wee nọdu n'ocheeze nke ebube Ya, ndị
mmụọ ozi na ndị ezi omume guzokwa gburugburu Ya.&lt;br&gt;
3. Ahụ m wee daa, akwara m wee gbazee, m wee daa n'ala
n'ihu m.&lt;br&gt;
4. Maikel zipụrụ mmụọ ozi ọzọ site n'etiti ndị nsọ, o wee
kpọlite m, mgbe o mere ka m bilie, mmụọ m wee laghachi;
n'ihi na enweghị m ike ịdị n'anya nke ndị agha a, na
mkpọtụ na ima jüjiji nke eluigwe. Majkel wee sị m: ‘Gịnị mere ị ji tụọ egwu n'ihu ihe a? Ruo
ụbọchị a ka ụbọchị ebere Ya dị; Ọ mekwara ebere ma nwee
ogologo ntachi obi n'ebe ndị bi n'ụwa nọ.’

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---र्कया - चं-
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    <title>Page:PL Colette Małżeństwo Klaudyny.djvu/197</title>
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      <text bytes="1270" sha1="dph642dcwtkht5aorxud77rls2unijs" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Ankry&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;mnie o rzeczach, których przecież nie widziałam, a ich rozmowa, którą z trudnością śledzę, rani mnie, jakby prowadzona w obcym języku.

Zazdrościłam mej przyjaciółce świeżej piękności matowych pozbawionych cienia policzków, gdy wreszcie na kanapie, na której przychodziłam do sił, położyła róże ciemno pąsowe o długich łodygach i wyszła, chwyciłam natychmiast do ręki lustro, które miałam pod poduszką, i patrzyłam w nie długo obserwując mą bladość i marząc z wściekłą zazdrością o niej...

&lt;br&gt;

— Renaud, czy to prawda, że drzewa na bulwarach już żółkną?

— Tak, to prawda, moja mała dziewczynko. Czy chcesz pojechać do Montigny, tam zobaczysz więcej zieleni?

— Tam są zbyt zielone... Renaud, dzisiaj, mogłabym wyjść, czuję się dobrze. Zjadłam cały kotlet z jajem, wypiłam szklaneczkę Asti i dzióbałam winogrona... Ty wychodzisz?

(Stojąc przed oknem w swym „sanktuarjum do pracy“ patrzył na mnie niezdecydowany.)

— Wolałabym wyjść z mym pięknym małżonkiem. Ta całość szara doskonale na tobie wygląda, i do tego ta pikowa kamizelka, podnosząca twą powagę z Drugiego Cesarstwa podoba mi się... Czy to dla mnie wyglądasz dziś tak młodo?

&lt;nowiki/&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{f|align=right|189}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="1244" sha1="m3iv2vuu3f6bbrez0998ik2mfk6v5y5" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Ankry&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;(Zarumienił się trochę pod swą ciemną skórą, i pociągnął srebrzyste wąsiki.)

— Wiesz, sprawia mi to przykrość, gdy mówisz o mojch latach...

— Kto mówi o twoich latach? Przeciwnie, przykro mi, że twoja młodość trwa tak długo jak ty sam, jak choroba od urodzenia. Zabierz mnie. Renaud! Czuję w sobie siłę zadziwienia świata!

(Moja nadzwyczajna ewolucja nie przemawia do niego.)

— Ale nie, moja Klaudyno, konował mówił ci: „nie przed niedzielą“. Mamy piątek. Jeszcze czterdzieści ośm godzin cierpliwości, mój drogi ptaku. Masz, oto przyjaciółka, która winna cię zatrzymać w domu...

&lt;br&gt;

Skorzystał z wejścia Rezi i oddalił się. Nie poznaję zupełnie mego wielkiego, taki uważający, aby mi się podobać, wbrew swemu rozumowi... Ten lekarz idjota!

&lt;br&gt;

— Dlaczego taka mina, Klaudyno?

(Ona jest tak ładna, że wprawia mnie to w dobry humor tym razem. Niebieska, niebieska, niebieska, niebieskiem lekkiem zamglonem jak bańka mydlana zarazem...)

— Rezi, elfy chyba bieliznę swoją prały w wodzie twojej szaty.

Śmieje się. Siada na swych okrągłościach; widzę ją od dołu. Długi dołeczek jak wykrzyknik przecina jej upartą brodę. Jej nozdrza rysują poprawne&lt;noinclude&gt;{{f|190}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="1526" sha1="q1qa2hhcey0kwha5w4ngjrr7c1bnr6n" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Ankry&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;arabeski, które podziwiałam na nosie Fanszetki. Wzdycham.

— Ot, chciałam wyjść, a ten osioł lekarz nie chce. Zostań ty przynajmniej u mnie i daj mi tę świeżość, wolne powietrze, które przynosisz w swoich sukniach, w skrzydłach swego kapelusza z liści. Czy to kapelusz, czy korona? Nigdy jeszcze nie widziałam cię tak bezsprzecznie wiedeńką, moja droga, z włosami szumiącego piwa... Zostań ze mną, opowiedz o ulicy, o spalonych drzewach... i o serdeczności, która wskutek separacji opuściła cię...

(Ale ona, ani usiąść nie chce, a podczas tego, gdy mówi do mnie głosem uwodzicielki, oczy jej idą od okna do okna, jakby szukając ucieczki.)

— Oh! jak mi ciężko! chciałabym, moja słodka, spędzić dzień cały przy tobie, a nadewszystko, gdy jesteś sama... Już tak dawno, Klaudyno droga, jak twoje usta zapomniały moich...

(Pochyla się, pieszczotliwie, ofiarowuje swe wilgotne zęby, lecz ja odwracam się.)

— Nie. Pewnie mnie czuć gorączką. Idź na spacer. Chciałam powiedzieć: pójdź się przejść.

— Ależ to nie jest przechadzka, moja Klaudyno! To jutro rocznica moich zaręczyn, — nie ma się z czego śmiać i mam zwyczaj tego dnia ofiarowywać coś mężowi...

— No i...

— No i, zapomniałam, tego roku o moim obowiązku wdzięcznej małżonki. I bięgnę teraz, aby pan Lambrook znalazł dziś wieczór pod serwetą cośkolwiek, pudełko cygar, spinki z perłami, kuferek z dynamitem, czy coś innego ostatecznie! Bez tego mogę&lt;noinclude&gt;{{f|align=right|191}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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        <id>20441</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Przepisana */</comment>
      <origin>1332312</origin>
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      <text bytes="1420" sha1="kuw1264v71y56tm1y73mor95lb3pny5" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Ankry&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;się spodziewać trzech tygodni lodowego milczenia, powagi bez wymówki... Boże! wykrzyknęła wznosząc dłoń ku niebu, w Transwalu potrzeba tak mężczyzn, poco ten się tu pcha?&lt;ref&gt;Wojna z Boerami (przyp. tłum.).&lt;/ref&gt;

Jej wymowa i płynna gotowość napełniły mnie nieufnością.

— Ale Rezi, czemu nie powierzysz tego zakupna nieomylnemu gustowi służącego?

— Myślałam i o tem. Ale służba cała, oprócz mojej „dziewoi“ należy do mego męża.

(Stanowczo, ona chce się uwolnić.)

— Idź, cnotliwa małżonko, święcić dzień świętego Lambrooka...

(Już opuściła swoją białą woalkę.)

— Gdybym się załatwiła przed szóstą, chcesz, abym tu wróciła?

(Jaka ona ładna, gdy się tak pochyli! Jej spódniczka, obcisła, przez żywe ruchy odsłania ją całą... Platoniczna admiracja przejmuje mnie cała... Czy to wina, że przychodzę do zdrowia? Nie odczuwam więcej dawnej chęci bicia... A potem, odmówiła mi
przecie poświęcenia święta Lambrooka!)

— To zależy. W każdym razie przyjdź, spotka cię odpowiednia nagroda... Nie, mówię ci, czuję gorączkę!...

I znów sama. Wyciągam się, czytam trzy strony, chodzę. Zaczynam list do papy, wreszcie zabieram się do wyczyszczenia moich paznokci. Siedzę przed toaletką, rzucam od czasu do czasu okiem w lustro, jak się patrzy na zegarek. Mimo wszystko nie wy-&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{f|{{---}}|table}}
&lt;references/&gt;
{{f|192}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <title>Page:PL Colette Małżeństwo Klaudyny.djvu/218</title>
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      <text bytes="1539" sha1="ewgeken1cbo20ym8li2sb1y9vtq138l" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Ankry&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;Pośpiech w ubieraniu, ta niepewna godzina poranna przypomniały mi wstawanie z drżeniem od chłodu w zimie, gdy chodziłam do szkoły, mizerny lampart, wśród zimna i śniegu jeszcze nie odmiecionego. Śmiała w czerwonej kapuzie objadałam się gorącymi kasztanami, ślizgając się w mych małych śpiczastych butkach...

Przechodzę przez ogród, przełażę pręty płotu. Piszę na drzwiach do kuchni węglem: „Klaudyna wyszła, wróci na śniadanie“... Nim przeskoczyłam plot, unoszę suknię, uśmiecham się do {{Roz|mego domu}}, bo tam nie ma nic mego; ot, duży dom z szarego granitu; perskimi wzorami malowany i otwarty dzień i noc, z zaufaniem. Dach z łupku malwowego koloru pokrywa biały, rzadki, jasny mech; na szczycie chorągiewki siedzi para jaskółek, gruchając, i czeka
na pierwsze promienie słoneczka, aby pogłaskało ich białe gardziołka.

&lt;br&gt;

Moje zjawienie się na opustoszałej ulicy, o niezwykłej porze, przepędza stróżujące psy i zwinięte, milczące koty. Na pewno na brzegach okienek śledzą mnie żółtemi oczyma... gdy zaś hałas kroków cichnie na skraju ulicy przymykają senne ślepki.

Buciczki paryskie zupełnie nie odpowiadają Montigny. Sprawię sobie inne, mniej delikatne, gwoździami nabijane.

Wspaniały cień niebieski i chłód szczypie moją nieprzyzwyczajoną skórę, kłuje mi uszy. W górze chwieją się lekkie skrzydła, mgły; listwy dachów nabierają odrazu koloru różowo-fiołkowego... Prawie biegnę do światła, przybywam do drzwi Saint Jean&lt;noinclude&gt;{{f|210}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:PL Colette Małżeństwo Klaudyny.djvu/220</title>
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    <revision>
      <id>1332314</id>
      <timestamp>2026-03-30T17:09:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ankry</username>
        <id>20441</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Przepisana */</comment>
      <origin>1332314</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
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      <text bytes="1554" sha1="cvvrqkdg3afxo20tdciq6m36qf87e2f" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Ankry&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;Piękne są lasy! A światło słodkie! a rosa na trawach rosnących w rowach, zimna! Choćbym już nie znajdywała na zrębach leśnych, lub łąkach tego miłego światła drobnych, małych kwiatuszków, pacierzyczek i narcyzów, wiosennych stokroci... choćby babiekrówki i konwalje nie okwitły już dawno opadłemi dzwoneczkami, mogłabym przynajmniej me nagie ręce, drżące z zimna nogi, kąpać w trawie równej i wysokiej, złożyć me znużenie na suchym aksamicie mchu, i szpilek sosnowych, wysmarzyć me ciało odpoczywające bezmyślnie na gorącem, coraz wyżej posuwającem się słońcu.... Przeniknięta jestem promieniami... powiewami wiatru, dźwiękami konika polnego, krzykami ptactwa, jak pokój, otwarty na ogród....

— Ah to ślicznie, taka piękna suknia, — wstydzi mnie Melka.

— .... Ależ to wszystko jedno. Będę miała inne. A! Melko, zdaje mi się, że gdyby nie śniadanie, byłabym jeszcze nie wróciła!... Ale jestem śmiertelnie głodna.

— To dobrze. Już jest gotowe.... Czy to ma sens! — A pan już wypatruje cię i wywraca gałami! Nic nie zmieniłaś się. Ty włóczykiju!

Tak biegłam, patrzyłam, kochałam tego ranka, że całe popołudnie zostałam w ogrodzie. Ogród warzywny. Tam jeszcze nie byłam. Częstuje mnie ciepłemi morelami, cierpkiemi brzoskwiniami, które kosztuję, leżąc na brzuchu, pod wielką jodłą i czytając starego Balsaca rozłożonego między łokciami.

Mój Boże! Czuję się tak lekkiej myśli, tak dobroczynnie zwalona zmęczeniem, czyż nie wróciło&lt;noinclude&gt;{{f|212}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <comment>/* Przepisana */</comment>
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      <text bytes="1479" sha1="1czohplrp1y7iplmw2mzyutkl693ba8" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Ankry&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;szczęście, zapomniane, radosna samotność z dawnych lat?

Mogłabym się mylić; ale nie, Melka nie miała racji, że ja nie jestem „tasama, co dawniej“; ze zmierzchem niepokój rośnie, choroba wraca, dręcząca choroba, która mnie wzrusza do ruchu, do zmiany pokoju, krzesła, książki, jak się szuka miejsca na łóżku, leżąc w gorączce... Kieruję się ku kuchni, długo waham się... pomagam Melce bić majonez, który nie chce się udać... wkońcu zapytuję z obojętną miną:

— Dzisiaj nie było do mnie listów?

— Nie moja mordeczko: były tylko gazety dla paniska.

&lt;br&gt;

Zasnęłam strasznie zmęczona, w uszach miałam szum, a znużone muskuły w łydkach automatycznie drżały. Lecz mój sen nie był przyjemny, mącony przerywanemi marzeniami; nad niemi panowało uczucie denerwującego oczekiwania. Za długo byłam w łóżku, między Fanszetką a czekoladą, która zupełnie wystygła.

Fanszetka przygotowana, że powracam jedynie dla niej, okazuje od mego powrotu prawdziwą radość, może trochę zbyt wielką. Już jej więcej nie męczę. Brak jej mego nieznośnego nalegania, gdy trzymałam ją za dwie łopatki tylne, to znów wieszałam na ogonie, to wzięłam jej łapeczki po dwie i krzyczałam: „oto zajączek biały, który waży ośm funtów“. Jestem tylko czuła, pieszczę ją nie szczypiąc, ani kasam jej uszka... Cóż Fanszetko, nie można mieć wszystkiego; tak; ja na przykład....

&lt;nowiki/&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{f|align=right|213}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:PL Colette Małżeństwo Klaudyny.djvu/222</title>
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      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Przepisana */</comment>
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      <text bytes="1452" sha1="5dk6u1az6qwz56idygxqj8mi8a38m1a" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Ankry&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;Kto idzie po schodach? Myślę, że posługacz.... Byle Renaud mi znów nie pisał!.,,

Melka byłaby mi już przyniosła jego list... Nie przychodzi. Nadsłuchuję uszyma, nozdrzami, cała wyprostowana.... Nie nadchodzi.... Nie napisał.... Tem lepiej że zapomina i mnie pozwala zapomnieć!....

To westchnienie, o czem mówi? To westchnienie ulgi, nie chcę wątpić. Za wiele jednak drżenia jak na spokojną Klaudynę.... Dlaczego nie napisał? Ponieważ nie odpowiedziałabym mu.... Ponieważ boi się, żeby mnie mógł zirytować.... A może napisał i podarł ten list..... Może nie miał posłańca.... Może chory!

Jeden skok jestem na nogach, odpychając kota łypiącego oczami wobec brutalnego przebudzenia. Ten ruch przyprowadza mnie do opamiętania i wstydzę się sama przed sobą....

Melka jest tak powolna.... Mogła położyć list w kuchni na rogu stołu, obok masła, które przynoszą w listkach buraczanych.... To masło powala list. Pociągam sznurek i rozlega się głos dzwonka, Jak w klasztorze.

— To na ciepłą wodę moja duszko?

— Tak.... Powiedz, Melko, posłaniec nic dla mnie nie przyniósł?

— Nie, mój dzióbku.

Jej spłowiałe {{Korekta|niekieskie|niebieskie}} oczy ułożyły się w żywe rozrzewnienie:

— Ah! ah! cni ci się za chłopem ? Młode małżeństwo! to cię swędzi...

Odchodzi śmiejąc się cicho. Odwracam plecy do lustra, aby nie widzieć wyrazu mej twarzy....

&lt;nowiki/&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{f|214}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
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      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Przepisana */</comment>
      <origin>1332317</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
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      <text bytes="1652" sha1="0zsboyuh04l1ook9thvl64fpvvo727a" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Ankry&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;W końcu powraca we mnie życie, wychodzę za Fanszetką na strych, który był tyle razy moim schroniskiem, podczas straszliwej ulewy. Jest szeroki, obszerny i ciemny, na belkach suszą się zawieszone kawałki bielizny; kupa książek nawpół pogryzionych zajmuje jeden kąt; antyczne dziurawe krzesło, któremu brak nogi; wielki kosz z uchami przechowuje resztki tapet, które datują się jeszcze z czasów odnawiania domu: żółte koła w śliwkowe paski, coś w rodzaju zielonej altanki z pnącemi się rozmaitemi kwiatami, dokoła której latają najnieprawdopodobniejsze ptaszki.... To wszystko razem ze szczątkami starego zielnika, który uwielbiałam nim zdołałam zniszczyć delikatne szkielety różnych rzadkich roślin, pochodzących już nie wiadomo skąd.... Jeszcze tam coś zostało, więc obracam kartki, wdychając stary słodki pył, trochę apteczny, papier zbutwiały, rośliny martwe, kwiaty lipy, zerwane zeszłego tygodnia, a które suszą się na rozpostartem płótnie.... Okienko otwarte, rynienka ujęta, jak niegdyś, gdy podniosę głowę ten sam widok daleki i skończony; na lewo drzewko, łąka spadzista, w kącie czerwony dach.... To wszystko staranne i miłe....

Na dole dzwoniono.... Słyszę drzwi, niewyraźne głosy, coś jakby ciężki mebel wnoszą.... Biedna niepocieszona Klaudyna, jak mało trzeba, aby cię zdenerwować.... Nie mogę dłużej wytrzymać, wolę zejść do kuchni.

— Gdzieżeś ty była, mój raju? Szukałam cię, myślałam, że znów poszłaś się włóczyć.... Pan Renaud przysłał pospiesznym twój kufer. Racalin zaniósł do twego pokoju.

&lt;nowiki/&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{f|align=right|215}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:PL Colette Małżeństwo Klaudyny.djvu/226</title>
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    <revision>
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        <username>Ankry</username>
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      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Przepisana */</comment>
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      <text bytes="1615" sha1="cwj61ml1fh6nbjayixn7mqppeqogq8a" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Ankry&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;— Kajżeś ty? Jedzenie już przygotowione!

— Tem gorzej dla niego. Nie będę jadła, powiedz papie... co zechcesz, że poszłam na spacer aż na górę Cailles... Nie wrócę, aż wieczór...

Mówiąc to, pakuję gorączkowo do małego koszyczka kawał chleba, kilka winnych jablek, kurze udo, które ściągam z półmiska... Nie, nie będę jadła w domu! Trzeba mi, aby czytać w mym zmąconym umyśle, cienia słonecznego i piękności lasu, jako doradców...

Nie zatrzymując się, mimo palące słońce, idę wązką dróżką Crimes, właściwie więcej rowem niż drogą, pełną dołów, i piasku jak koryto rzeki. Przed memi stopami uciekają jaszczurki szmaragdowego koloru, tak trwożliwie, że nigdy nie udało mi się którąś schwycić; przede mną podnosi się chmura różnych motyli, szarych i brunatnych, jak rolnicy. Jeden Morio przelatuje zygzakiem, świeci na płocie, jakby mu przykrość sprawiało uniesienie wyżej swych aksamitnych brunatnych skrzydełek... Tu i tam, wązka ścieżyna falista w wybojach pełna piasku; to wąż przechodzi siwy a świecący. Możliwie, że w paszczy niósł zielone żabie łapy jeszcze ruszające się...

Często odwracam się, aby zobaczyć zmniejszającą się bramę forteczną otoczoną bluszczem, i stary zamek. Chcę dojść aż do pawilonu w lesie, który może od stu lat nie ma sufitu do jedynego piętra, ani okien, ani drzwi, stracił nazwę... bo on nazywa się tu „mały domek“, gdzie jest tylko masa brudnych napisów na murze. To jest tak. I to prawda, wprost niewidziane — rysunki, szkice węglowe, próby szki-&lt;noinclude&gt;{{f|218}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:PL Colette Małżeństwo Klaudyny.djvu/227</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
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    <revision>
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      <comment>/* Przepisana */</comment>
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      <text bytes="1506" sha1="23mk0wertkygpokiboztow76y3apd9c" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Ankry&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;ców nożem albo kredą, na wzdłuż, na szerokość, poplątane — tyle sprośności. Ale ja nie mam tu nic w małym sześciokątnym domku, dokąd schodzą się w niedzielę nożowcy i dziewczęta podejrzanej konduity... Pożądam lasu pierwotnego, którego nie plami niedzielna młodzież, bo jest nadto gęsty, nadto milczący, pełen rozlewnych wilgotnych paproci...

&lt;br&gt;

Wygłodniała, z myślą uśpioną, zajadam jak drwal jaki, ustawiwszy koszyk między kolanami. Prawdziwa rozkosz czuć się poprostu zwierzątkiem, czułem jedynie na chrupiący chleb i sypkie jabłka! Piękny widok wzbudza we mnie podobne uczucie jak przy zaspakajaniu głodu: te drzewa równe i cieniste mają chłód i smak jabłka, ten świeży chleb jest tak wesoły, jak dach z różowej dachówki...

Potem układam się na grzbiecie, ramiona krzyżuję, i czekam szczęśliwego odrętwienia.

&lt;br&gt;

Nikogo na polach. Coby to mogło być? Teraz nie uprawiają niczego. Trawa rośnie, liść martwy opada, zwierzyna przychodzi na kraj lasu. Dziewuchy prowadzą barany wzdłuż pochyłości, — i wszystko o tej godzinie odpoczywa, jak ja. Krzak jerzyny rozlewa zwodniczą woń jagody. Niskie gałęzie dębu osłaniają mnie jak przedmurze domu...

Podczas tego, gdy szukam wygodniejszego miejsca na łoże ze świeżej trawy, szelest papieru płoszy już nadejść mający sen... List Renaud’a rusza się pod moją bluzką, list błagalny...

„Moje drogie ubóstwiane dziecko“... droga mała&lt;noinclude&gt;{{f|align=right|219}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:PL Colette Małżeństwo Klaudyny.djvu/228</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449209</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1332321</id>
      <timestamp>2026-03-30T17:30:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ankry</username>
        <id>20441</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Przepisana */</comment>
      <origin>1332321</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1510" sha1="kwly7kumis3yznx19s6voaf2dk6iwy4" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Ankry&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;córeczko, którą uprowadziłaś“... „twoja blada drobna buzia“...

Pisał to, może po raz pierwszy, bez odważania słów pisanych, bez literatury tak zwykłej u niego; powtórzenie jakiegoś słowa w drugiej linii razi go, jak plama z atramentu na palcach.

Ten list, jest od narzeczonego, przyciskam do serca. I ten drugi z przedwczoraj, to jest wszystko, co dostałam z listów miłosnych przez cały czas naszego krótkiego narzeczeństwa; Renaud żył całkiem blisko mnie, a ja radosna, uległa albo obojętna postępowałam zgodnie z jego upodobaniem podróżowania, życia z ludźmi...

...Co zrobiłam dobrego, dla niego i dla mnie, przez tych ośmnaście miesięcy?! Zachwycałam się jego miłością, smuciłam lekkością, gniewałam na sposób myślenia i działania — to wszystko nie mówiąc wiele, i unikając określeń, i nie raz pragnęłam dla Renaud’a prawdziwego spokoju...

Wzięłam na siebie egoizm cierpienia nie znajdując lekarstwa; dumna milczałam. Jednak, czego on dla mnie nie zrobił? Od jego gorliwego uczucia mogłam wszystkiego żądać: kochał mnie tyle, aby mnie prowadzić, — gdybym go była do tego przywiodła. Prosiłam go o... koleżeństwo!

Wszystko da się naprawić! Wszystko jest, dzięki Bogu, do naprawienia. „Mój drogi wielki, powiem mu, rozkazuję ci, opanować mnie“... Powiem mu jeszcze... tyle innych rzeczy...

&lt;br&gt;

..,Że godziny biegną, że słońce się już chyli, że motyle delikatnie o niepewnej barwie skrzydełek&lt;noinclude&gt;{{f|220}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:Igbo Book of Enoch.djvu/14</title>
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      <timestamp>2026-03-30T17:32:46Z</timestamp>
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        <username>10kdollz</username>
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      <comment>/* Proofread */</comment>
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12. Ndị niile na-arahụghị ụra n'eluigwe ga-agọzi Ya: ndị
nsọ niile nọ n'eluigwe ga-agọzi Ya, na ndị niile a
họpụtara bi n'ogige ndụ: mmụọ ọ bụla nke ihe nke nwere
ike igọzi, na isọpụrụ, na ịja mma, na isọpụrụ, na isọpụrụ
aha gị dị nsọ, anụ ahụ niile ga-eto ma gọzie aha gị ruo
mgbe ebighị ebi.

13. N'ihi na ebere nke Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ dị ukwuu,
Ọ na-enwekwa ogologo ntachi obi, ọrụ ya niile na ihe niile
Ọ kere eke ekpughewokwa ndị ezi omume na ndị a
họpụtara, n'aha Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ.

'''ISI nke 62'''

1. Otu a ka Onyenwe anyị nyere ndị eze na ndị dị ike na
ndị dị elu, na ndị bi n'ụwa iwu, wee sị: ‘Meghee anya unu
ma welie mpi unu elu ma ọ bụrụ na unu nwere ike ịmata
Onye A Họpụtara.’

2. Onyenwe Mmụọ Nsọ wee mee ka Ọ nọkwasi n'ocheeze
nke ebube Ya, Mmụọ nke ezi omume wee wụkwasi ya,
okwu ọnụ Ya wee gbuo ndị mmehie niile, a ga-ebibikwa
ndị ajọ omume niile n'ihu Ya.

3. Ndị eze niile na ndị dị ike ga-ebili n'ụbọchị ahụ, ndị dị
elu na ndị na-ejide ụwa, ha ga-ahụkwa ma mata otú ọ si nọ
nọdụ n'ocheeze nke ebube ya, a ga-ekpekwa ikpe ziri ezi
n'ihu ya, a gaghịkwa ekwu okwu ụgha ọ bụla n'ihu ya.

4. Mgbe ahụ ka ihe mgbu ga-abịakwasi ha dịka nwanyị
na-amụ nwa, ọ ga-enwekwa ihe mgbu n'ịmụ nwa, mgbe nwa
ya banyere n'ọnụ afọ, ọ ga-enwekwa ihe mgbu n'ịmụ nwa.

5. Otu akụkụ n'ime ha ga-ele ibe ya anya, ha ga-atụkwa ụjọ,
ihu ha ga-ada ada, ihe mgbu ga-ejidekwa ha, mgbe ha
hụrụ Nwa nke Mmadu ka Ọ nọ ọdụ n'ocheeze nke ebube
ya.

6. Ndị eze na ndị dike na ndị niile nwere ụwa ga-agọzi ma
nye otuto ma bulie Onye na-achị ihe niile elu, onye zoro
ezo.

7. N'ihi na site na mbido, e zoro Nwa nke Mmadu, Onye
Kachasị Elu chebekwara ya n'ihu ike Ya, ma kpughee ya
nye ndị a họpụtara.

8. A ga-akụkọta ọgbakọ nke ndị a họọrọ na ndị dị nsọ, ndị
niile a họpụtara ga-eguzokwa n'ihu ya n'ụbọchị ahụ.

9. Ndị eze niile, ndị dị ike, ndị dị elu, na ndị na-achị ụwa,
ga-ada n'ala n'ihu ya, ha ga-efekwa Nwa nke Mmadu ahụ
ofufe, ha ga-arịọkwa ya arịrịọ maka ebere n'aka ya.

10. Ma Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ ga-amanye ha otú a, nke
mere na ha ga-apụ ngwa ngwa n'ihu Ya, ihu ha ga-
ejupụtakwa n'ihere, ọchịchịrị ga-agbakwa n'ihu ha.

11. Ọ ga-enyefekwa ha n'aka ndị mmụọ ozi ka ha taa ha
ahụhụ, ka ha wee boro ha ọbọ n'ihi na ha emegbuwo ụmụ
Ya na ndị Ọ họpụtara.

12. Ha ga-abụkwa ihe ngosi nye ndị ezi omume na ndị a
họpụtara: ha ga-anụrị ọṅụ n'ihi ha, n'ihi na iwe nke
Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ dị n'ahụ ha, mma agha ya
nubigakwara mmanya oke site n'ọbara ha.

13. A ga-azọpụta ndị ezi omume na ndị a họpụtara n'ụbọchị
ahụ, ha agaghịkwa ahụ ihu ndị mmehie na ndị ajọ omume
site n'oge ahụ gaa n'ihu.

14. Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ ga-anọnyere ha, ha ga-erikwa
Nwa nke Mmadu ahụ, dina ala ma bilie ruo mgbe ebighị
ebi.

15. Ndị ezi omume na ndị a họpụtara ga-esi n'ụwa bilie,
ha agaghịkwa enwe ihu dị ala. Ha ga-eyikwasikwa uwe
ebube.

16. Ndị a ga-abụ uwe ndụ sitere n'aka Onyenwe anyị nke
Mmụọ: uwe unu agaghị aka nká, ebube unu agaghịkwa
agabiga n'ihu Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ.

'''ISI nke 63'''

1. N'oge ahụ, ndị dike na ndị eze nwere ụwa ga-arịọ Ya ka
Ọ nye ha obere ezumike site n'aka ndị mmụọ ozi Ya nke
ntaramahụhụ ndị e nyere ha, ka ha wee daa n'ala ma fee
Chineke ofufe n'ihu Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ, ma
kwupụta mmehie ha n'ihu Ya.

2. Ha ga-agọzi ma nye Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ otuto, sị:
“Onye a gọziri agọzi ka Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ na
Onyenwe anyị nke ndị eze bụ, Onyenwe anyị nke ndị dị ike
na Onyenwe ndị ọgaranya, Onyenwe anyị nke otuto na
Onyenwe amamihe,”

3. Ike Gị dịkwa ebube n'ihe nzuzo niile site n'ọgbọ ruo
n'ọgbọ, ebube Gị dịkwa ebube ruo mgbe ebighị ebi: ihe
nzuzo Gị niile dị omimi, a naghịkwa agụta ha, ezi omume
Gị enweghikwa ike ịgụ ha ọnụ.

4. Ugbu a, anyị amụtala na anyị kwesịrị inye otuto, ma
gọzie Onyenwe anyị nke ndị eze na Onye bụ eze nke ndị
eze niile.

5. Ha ga-asịkwa: 'Ọ ga-adịrị anyị mma ma a sị na anyị
nwere ezumike iji nye otuto na ekele, ma kwupụta okwukwe
anyị n'ihu ebube Ya!'

6. Ugbu a anyị na-achọ izu ike ntakịrị mana anyị ahụghị ya:
anyị na-agbasosi ike ma anyị enwetaghị ya: ìhè apụla
n'ihu anyị, ọchịchịrị bụkwa ebe obibi anyị ruo mgbe ebighị
ebi.

7. N'ihi na anyị ekwereghị n'ihu Ya, anyị enyeghịkwa aha
Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ otuto, anyị enyeghịkwa
Onyenwe anyị otuto, kama olileanya anyị dị n'oche eze
anyị, na n'ebube anyị.

8. Ọ dịghịkwa azọpụta anyị n'ụbọchị nhụjuanya na
mkpagbu anyị, anyị ahụghịkwa ezumike maka nkwupụta,
na Onyenwe anyị bụ onye eziokwu n'ọrụ ya niile, na
n'ikpe ya na ikpe ziri ezi ya, ikpe ya enweghikwa anyaụkwụ
n'ebe mmadụ nọ.

9. Anyị na-apụkwa n'ihu Ya n'ihi ọrụ anyị, a na-agụkwa
mmehie anyị niile n'ezi omume.

10. Ugbu a, ha ga-asị onwe ha: 'Mkpụrụ obi anyị jupụtara
n'uru na-ezighi ezi, mana ọ naghị egbochi anyị ịrida n'etiti
ya gaa n'ibu arọ nke Sheol.'

11. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ihu ha ga-ejupụta n'ọchịchịrị,
ihere ga-emekwa ha n'ihu Nwa nke Mmadu ahụ, a ga-
achụpụkwa ha n'ihu Ya, mma agha ga-anọkwa n'ihu Ya
n'etiti ha.

12. Otu a ka Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ kwuru: 'Nke a bụ
iwu na ikpe gbasara ndị dị ike na ndị eze na ndị dị elu na
ndị nwere ụwa n'ihu Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ.'

'''ISI nke 64'''

1. Na ụdị ndị ọzọ m hụrụ zoro ezo n'ebe ahụ.

2. Anụrụ m olu mmụọ ozi ahụ ka ọ na-asị: 'Ndị a bụ ndị
mmụọ ozi ndị gbadara n'ụwa, ma kpughee ihe ezoro ezo
nye ụmụ mmadụ ma duhie ụmụ mmadụ ka ha mee
mmehie.'&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <timestamp>2026-03-31T11:48:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bigkotech</username>
        <id>955363</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Validated */</comment>
      <origin>1332385</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
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12. Ndị niile na-arahụghị ụra n'eluigwe ga-agọzi Ya: ndị
nsọ niile nọ n'eluigwe ga-agọzi Ya, na ndị niile a
họpụtara bi n'ogige ndụ: mmụọ ọ bụla nke ihe nke nwere
ike igọzi, na isọpụrụ, na ịja mma, na isọpụrụ, na isọpụrụ
aha gị dị nsọ, anụ ahụ niile ga-eto ma gọzie aha gị ruo
mgbe ebighị ebi.&lt;br&gt;
13. N'ihi na ebere nke Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ dị ukwuu,
Ọ na-enwekwa ogologo ntachi obi, ọrụ ya niile na ihe niile
Ọ kere eke ekpughewokwa ndị ezi omume na ndị a
họpụtara, n'aha Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ.

'''ISI nke 62'''

1. Otu a ka Onyenwe anyị nyere ndị eze na ndị dị ike na
ndị dị elu, na ndị bi n'ụwa iwu, wee sị: ‘Meghee anya unu
ma welie mpi unu elu ma ọ bụrụ na unu nwere ike ịmata
Onye A Họpụtara.’&lt;br&gt;
2. Onyenwe Mmụọ Nsọ wee mee ka Ọ nọkwasi n'ocheeze
nke ebube Ya, Mmụọ nke ezi omume wee wụkwasi ya,
okwu ọnụ Ya wee gbuo ndị mmehie niile, a ga-ebibikwa
ndị ajọ omume niile n'ihu Ya.&lt;br&gt;
3. Ndị eze niile na ndị dị ike ga-ebili n'ụbọchị ahụ, ndị dị
elu na ndị na-ejide ụwa, ha ga-ahụkwa ma mata otú ọ si nọ
nọdụ n'ocheeze nke ebube ya, a ga-ekpekwa ikpe ziri ezi
n'ihu ya, a gaghịkwa ekwu okwu ụgha ọ bụla n'ihu ya.&lt;br&gt;
4. Mgbe ahụ ka ihe mgbu ga-abịakwasi ha dịka nwanyị
na-amụ nwa, ọ ga-enwekwa ihe mgbu n'ịmụ nwa, mgbe nwa
ya banyere n'ọnụ afọ, ọ ga-enwekwa ihe mgbu n'ịmụ nwa.&lt;br&gt;
5. Otu akụkụ n'ime ha ga-ele ibe ya anya, ha ga-atụkwa ụjọ,
ihu ha ga-ada ada, ihe mgbu ga-ejidekwa ha, mgbe ha
hụrụ Nwa nke Mmadu ka Ọ nọ ọdụ n'ocheeze nke ebube
ya.&lt;br&gt;
6. Ndị eze na ndị dike na ndị niile nwere ụwa ga-agọzi ma
nye otuto ma bulie Onye na-achị ihe niile elu, onye zoro
ezo.&lt;br&gt;
7. N'ihi na site na mbido, e zoro Nwa nke Mmadu, Onye
Kachasị Elu chebekwara ya n'ihu ike Ya, ma kpughee ya
nye ndị a họpụtara.&lt;br&gt;
8. A ga-akụkọta ọgbakọ nke ndị a họọrọ na ndị dị nsọ, ndị
niile a họpụtara ga-eguzokwa n'ihu ya n'ụbọchị ahụ.&lt;br&gt;
9. Ndị eze niile, ndị dị ike, ndị dị elu, na ndị na-achị ụwa,
ga-ada n'ala n'ihu ya, ha ga-efekwa Nwa nke Mmadu ahụ
ofufe, ha ga-arịọkwa ya arịrịọ maka ebere n'aka ya.&lt;br&gt;
10. Ma Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ ga-amanye ha otú a, nke
mere na ha ga-apụ ngwa ngwa n'ihu Ya, ihu ha ga-
ejupụtakwa n'ihere, ọchịchịrị ga-agbakwa n'ihu ha.&lt;br&gt;
11. Ọ ga-enyefekwa ha n'aka ndị mmụọ ozi ka ha taa ha
ahụhụ, ka ha wee boro ha ọbọ n'ihi na ha emegbuwo ụmụ
Ya na ndị Ọ họpụtara.&lt;br&gt;
12. Ha ga-abụkwa ihe ngosi nye ndị ezi omume na ndị a
họpụtara: ha ga-anụrị ọṅụ n'ihi ha, n'ihi na iwe nke
Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ dị n'ahụ ha, mma agha ya
nubigakwara mmanya oke site n'ọbara ha.&lt;br&gt;
13. A ga-azọpụta ndị ezi omume na ndị a họpụtara n'ụbọchị
ahụ, ha agaghịkwa ahụ ihu ndị mmehie na ndị ajọ omume
site n'oge ahụ gaa n'ihu.&lt;br&gt;
14. Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ ga-anọnyere ha, ha ga-erikwa
Nwa nke Mmadu ahụ, dina ala ma bilie ruo mgbe ebighị
ebi.&lt;br&gt;
15. Ndị ezi omume na ndị a họpụtara ga-esi n'ụwa bilie,
ha agaghịkwa enwe ihu dị ala. Ha ga-eyikwasikwa uwe
ebube.


16. Ndị a ga-abụ uwe ndụ sitere n'aka Onyenwe anyị nke
Mmụọ: uwe unu agaghị aka nká, ebube unu agaghịkwa
agabiga n'ihu Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ.

'''ISI nke 63'''

1. N'oge ahụ, ndị dike na ndị eze nwere ụwa ga-arịọ Ya ka
Ọ nye ha obere ezumike site n'aka ndị mmụọ ozi Ya nke
ntaramahụhụ ndị e nyere ha, ka ha wee daa n'ala ma fee
Chineke ofufe n'ihu Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ, ma
kwupụta mmehie ha n'ihu Ya.&lt;br&gt;
2. Ha ga-agọzi ma nye Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ otuto, sị:
“Onye a gọziri agọzi ka Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ na
Onyenwe anyị nke ndị eze bụ, Onyenwe anyị nke ndị dị ike
na Onyenwe ndị ọgaranya, Onyenwe anyị nke otuto na
Onyenwe amamihe,”&lt;br&gt;
3. Ike Gị dịkwa ebube n'ihe nzuzo niile site n'ọgbọ ruo
n'ọgbọ, ebube Gị dịkwa ebube ruo mgbe ebighị ebi: ihe
nzuzo Gị niile dị omimi, a naghịkwa agụta ha, ezi omume
Gị enweghikwa ike ịgụ ha ọnụ.&lt;br&gt;
4. Ugbu a, anyị amụtala na anyị kwesịrị inye otuto, ma
gọzie Onyenwe anyị nke ndị eze na Onye bụ eze nke ndị
eze niile.&lt;br&gt;
5. Ha ga-asịkwa: 'Ọ ga-adịrị anyị mma ma a sị na anyị
nwere ezumike iji nye otuto na ekele, ma kwupụta okwukwe
anyị n'ihu ebube Ya!'&lt;br&gt;
6. Ugbu a anyị na-achọ izu ike ntakịrị mana anyị ahụghị ya:
anyị na-agbasosi ike ma anyị enwetaghị ya: ìhè apụla
n'ihu anyị, ọchịchịrị bụkwa ebe obibi anyị ruo mgbe ebighị
ebi.&lt;br&gt;
7. N'ihi na anyị ekwereghị n'ihu Ya, anyị enyeghịkwa aha
Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ otuto, anyị enyeghịkwa
Onyenwe anyị otuto, kama olileanya anyị dị n'oche eze
anyị, na n'ebube anyị.&lt;br&gt;
8. Ọ dịghịkwa azọpụta anyị n'ụbọchị nhụjuanya na
mkpagbu anyị, anyị ahụghịkwa ezumike maka nkwupụta,
na Onyenwe anyị bụ onye eziokwu n'ọrụ ya niile, na
n'ikpe ya na ikpe ziri ezi ya, ikpe ya enweghikwa anyaụkwụ
n'ebe mmadụ nọ.&lt;br&gt;
9. Anyị na-apụkwa n'ihu Ya n'ihi ọrụ anyị, a na-agụkwa
mmehie anyị niile n'ezi omume.&lt;br&gt;
10. Ugbu a, ha ga-asị onwe ha: 'Mkpụrụ obi anyị jupụtara
n'uru na-ezighi ezi, mana ọ naghị egbochi anyị ịrida n'etiti
ya gaa n'ibu arọ nke Sheol.'&lt;br&gt;
11. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ihu ha ga-ejupụta n'ọchịchịrị,
ihere ga-emekwa ha n'ihu Nwa nke Mmadu ahụ, a ga-
achụpụkwa ha n'ihu Ya, mma agha ga-anọkwa n'ihu Ya
n'etiti ha.&lt;br&gt;
12. Otu a ka Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ kwuru: 'Nke a bụ
iwu na ikpe gbasara ndị dị ike na ndị eze na ndị dị elu na
ndị nwere ụwa n'ihu Onyenwe anyị nke Mmụọ.'

'''ISI nke 64'''

1. Na ụdị ndị ọzọ m hụrụ zoro ezo n'ebe ahụ.&lt;br&gt;
2. Anụrụ m olu mmụọ ozi ahụ ka ọ na-asị: 'Ndị a bụ ndị
mmụọ ozi ndị gbadara n'ụwa, ma kpughee ihe ezoro ezo
nye ụmụ mmadụ ma duhie ụmụ mmadụ ka ha mee
mmehie.'

{{C|14}}&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="1353" sha1="hhmi152d0fo9qkiaep073fflyaavllx" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Ankry&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;wychodzą z lasu, że mała, a bojaźliwa sowa, zbyt wcześnie ukazuje się na kraju lasu i mruga ustawicznie oczami, że zrąb leśny ożywia się, z zachodem słońca, tysiącem szmerów niespokojnych, mieszanych krzyków; użyczam temu tylko mych roztargnionych uszu, nieobecnych a czułych oczu... już jestem na nogach, wyciągając me zgrabiałe ręce, zgięcia pod kolanami, potem pędem do Montigny, gnana godziną... przecież godziną odejścia pospiesznego! Chcę napisać, napisać do Renaud’a.

Już postanowiłam... Ah! jak mnie to mało kosztuje...

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

{{f|lewy=6em|Drogi Renaud!|po=1em}}
{{f...|lewy=2em}}
Jestem zakłopotana, pisząc do ciebie, ponieważ to pierwszy raz. I zdaje mi się, że nigdy nie potrafiłabym powiedzieć ci wszystkiego, cobym chciała powiedzieć, nim odejdzie wieczorny kurjer.

Chcę Cię prosić o przebaczenie, że odjechałam i podziękować, że pozwoliłeś mi odjechać. Potrzebowałam czterech dni, aby pojąć, zupełnie sama, w moim domu, i z mem zmartwieniem, co ty w paru minutach wytłumaczyłeś mi... Jednak myślę, że te cztery dni nie są stracone.

Napisałeś mi o całej swej czułości, drogi mój Wielki, nie mówiąc o Rezi, nie wyrzucając „ty robiłaś z nią to samo, co ja, z małą różnicą... Jednak to było bardzo rozumne choć z lo-&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{...f}}
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5. Ma mgbe ụbọchị ahụ, ike ahụ, na ntaramahụhụ ahụ, na ikpe ahụ ga-abịa, nke Onyenweanyị nke Mmuo Nsọ kwadebere maka ndị na-anaghị efe iwu ziri ezi, na maka ndị na-agonarị ikpe ziri ezi, na maka ndị na-akpọ aha Ya ihe efu - ụbọchị ahụ dị njikere, maka ndị a họpụtara ogbugba ndụ, mana maka ndị mmehie, ajụjụ. &lt;br&gt;

6. Mgbe ntaramahụhụ nke Onyenweanyị nke Mmuo ga-adakwasị ha, ọ ga-ezu ike ka ntaramahụhụ nke Onyenweanyị nke Mmuo ghara ịbịa n'efu, ọ ga-egbukwa ụmụaka na nne ha, ụmụ na nna ha. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ikpe ga-eme dịka ebere Ya na ndidi Ya si dị. &lt;br&gt;

7. N'ụbọchị ahụ, e kewara anụ abụọ, otu anụ nwanyị aha ya bụ Leviathan, ka ha biri n'ime olulu mmiri nke oké osimiri n'elu isi iyi mmiri. &lt;br&gt;

8. Ma aha nwoke ahụ bụ Behemoth, onye ji ara ya nọrọ n'ọzara ọzara aha ya bụ Duidain, n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke ubi ahụ ebe ndị a họọrọ na ndị ezi omume bi, ebe e si kpọpụta nna nna m, nke asaa site n'aka Adam, nwoke mbụ nke Onyenweanyị kere. &lt;br&gt;

9. M wee rịọ mmụọ ozi nke ọzọ ka o gosi m ike nke anụ ọhịa ndị ahụ, otu e si kewaa ha n'otu ụbọchị ma tuba ha, otu n'ime abyss nke oké osimiri, nke ọzọ n'ala kpọrọ nkụ nke ọzara. &lt;br&gt;

10. O wee si m: 'Nwa nke mmadụ, n'ime nke a ka ị na-achọ ịmata ihe zoro ezo.' &lt;br&gt;

11. Mmụọ ozi nke ọzọ ahụ soro m gaa gosi m ihe zoro ezo, gwa m ihe mbụ na nke ikpeazụ n'eluigwe n'elu, na n'okpuru ụwa n'ime omimi, na na nsọtụ eluigwe, na n'elu ntọala eluigwe. &lt;br&gt;

12. Na ọnụ ụlọ nke ifufe, na otu esi ekewa ifufe, na otu esi atụ ha, na otu esi agụ ọnụ ụzọ nke ifufe, nke ọ bụla dịka ike nke ifufe si dị, na ike nke ihe nke ọnwa, na dịka ike nke dabara adaba: na nkewa nke kpakpando dịka aha ha si dị, na otu esi ekewa nkewa niile. &lt;br&gt;

13. Na égbè eluigwe dịka ebe ha dara, na nkewa niile e kewara n'etiti amuma ka o wee mee ka ọ dị ọkụ, na ndị agha ha ka ha wee rube isi ozugbo. &lt;br&gt;

14. N'ihi na égbè eluigwe nwere ebe izu ike nke e kenyere ya ka ọ na-eche ka ọ daa; égbè eluigwe na amuma enweghị ikewapụ onwe ha, ọ bụ ezie na ha abụghị otu ma kewaa, ha abụọ na-agako site na mmụọ ma kewapụghị. &lt;br&gt;

15. N'ihi na mgbe amuma na-enwu, égbè eluigwe na-akpọ olu ya, mmụọ nsọ na-emekwa ka a kwụsịtụ n'oge mkpokọta ahụ, wee kewaa ha n'otu aka ahụ; n'ihi na ụlọ nkwakọba ihe nke peals ha dị ka aja, onye ọ bụla n'ime ha ka ọ na-eji ihe njide ejide ya, ike nke mmụọ na-atụgharịkwa ya azụ, a na-akwalikwa ya n'ihu dịka ọtụtụ akụkụ ụwa si dị. &lt;br&gt;

16. Mmụọ nke oké osimiri dịkwa ike ma dịkwa ike, dịka ike ya siri dị, ọ na-adọghachi ya azụ site n'iji ihe mgbochi, otu a ka a na-akwalikwa ya gaa n'ihu ma gbasaa n'etiti ugwu niile nke ụwa. &lt;br&gt;

17. Mmụọ nke oyi kpọrọ nkụ bụkwa mmụọ ozi ya, mmụọ nke akụ mmiri igwe bụkwa mmụọ ozi ọma. &lt;br&gt;

18. Mmụọ nke snow apụla n'ime ụlọ ya n'ihi ike ya—Mmụọ pụrụ iche dị n'ime ya, ihe na-esi na ya arịgo dị ka anwụrụ ọkụ, aha ya bụkwa ntu oyi. &lt;br&gt;

19. Mmụọ nke igirigi adịghịkwa n'ime ụlọ ha, kama o nwere ụlọ pụrụ iche; n'ihi na ụzọ ya dị ebube ma n'ìhè ma n'ọchịchịrị, na n'oge oyi na n'oge ọkọchị, mmụọ ozi nọkwa n'ime ụlọ ya. &lt;br&gt;

20. Mmụọ nke igirigi bi n'akụkụ eluigwe, ọ na-ejikokwa ya na ime ụlọ mmiri ozuzo, ọ na-agakwa n'oge oyi na ọkọchị: igwe ojii ya na igwe ojii nke igirigi ahụ jikọtara, otu na-enye ibe ya. &lt;br&gt;

21. Mgbe mmiri ozuzo si n'ime ụlọ ya pụta, ndị mmụọ ozi bịara mepee ụlọ ahụ wee duru ya pụọ, mgbe o gbasara n'elu ụwa dum, ọ na-ejikọta ya na mmiri n'ụwa. Mgbe ọ bụla o jikọtara ya na mmiri n'ụwa ... &lt;br&gt;

22. N'ihi na mmiri dịịrị ndị bi n'ụwa; n'ihi na ha bụ ihe oriri nye ụwa site n'aka Onye Kasị Elu nke nọ n'eluigwe: ya mere enwere nha maka mmiri ozuzo, ndị mmụọ ozi na-achịkwa ya. &lt;br&gt;

23. Ihe ndị a ka m hụrụ n'akụkụ Ubi nke Ndị Ezi Omume. &lt;br&gt;

24. Mmụọ ozi nke udo nke soro m wee si m: ‘Anụ abụọ a, nke a kwadebere dịka ịdị ukwuu nke Chineke si dị, ga-azụ ... &lt;br&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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5. Ma mgbe ụbọchị ahụ, ike ahụ, na ntaramahụhụ ahụ, na ikpe ahụ ga-abịa, nke Onyenweanyị nke Mmuo Nsọ kwadebere maka ndị na-anaghị efe iwu ziri ezi, na maka ndị na-agonarị ikpe ziri ezi, na maka ndị na-akpọ aha Ya ihe efu - ụbọchị ahụ dị njikere, maka ndị a họpụtara ogbugba ndụ, mana maka ndị mmehie, ajụjụ. &lt;br&gt;
6. Mgbe ntaramahụhụ nke Onyenweanyị nke Mmuo ga-adakwasị ha, ọ ga-ezu ike ka ntaramahụhụ nke Onyenweanyị nke Mmuo ghara ịbịa n'efu, ọ ga-egbukwa ụmụaka na nne ha, ụmụ na nna ha. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ikpe ga-eme dịka ebere Ya na ndidi Ya si dị. &lt;br&gt;
7. N'ụbọchị ahụ, e kewara anụ abụọ, otu anụ nwanyị aha ya bụ Leviathan, ka ha biri n'ime olulu mmiri nke oké osimiri n'elu isi iyi mmiri. &lt;br&gt;
8. Ma aha nwoke ahụ bụ Behemoth, onye ji ara ya nọrọ n'ọzara ọzara aha ya bụ Duidain, n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke ubi ahụ ebe ndị a họọrọ na ndị ezi omume bi, ebe e si kpọpụta nna nna m, nke asaa site n'aka Adam, nwoke mbụ nke Onyenweanyị kere. &lt;br&gt;
9. M wee rịọ mmụọ ozi nke ọzọ ka o gosi m ike nke anụ ọhịa ndị ahụ, otu e si kewaa ha n'otu ụbọchị ma tuba ha, otu n'ime abyss nke oké osimiri, nke ọzọ n'ala kpọrọ nkụ nke ọzara. &lt;br&gt;
10. O wee si m: 'Nwa nke mmadụ, n'ime nke a ka ị na-achọ ịmata ihe zoro ezo.' &lt;br&gt;
11. Mmụọ ozi nke ọzọ ahụ soro m gaa gosi m ihe zoro ezo, gwa m ihe mbụ na nke ikpeazụ n'eluigwe n'elu, na n'okpuru ụwa n'ime omimi, na na nsọtụ eluigwe, na n'elu ntọala eluigwe. &lt;br&gt;
12. Na ọnụ ụlọ nke ifufe, na otu esi ekewa ifufe, na otu esi atụ ha, na otu esi agụ ọnụ ụzọ nke ifufe, nke ọ bụla dịka ike nke ifufe si dị, na ike nke ihe nke ọnwa, na dịka ike nke dabara adaba: na nkewa nke kpakpando dịka aha ha si dị, na otu esi ekewa nkewa niile. &lt;br&gt;
13. Na égbè eluigwe dịka ebe ha dara, na nkewa niile e kewara n'etiti amuma ka o wee mee ka ọ dị ọkụ, na ndị agha ha ka ha wee rube isi ozugbo. &lt;br&gt;
14. N'ihi na égbè eluigwe nwere ebe izu ike nke e kenyere ya ka ọ na-eche ka ọ daa; égbè eluigwe na amuma enweghị ikewapụ onwe ha, ọ bụ ezie na ha abụghị otu ma kewaa, ha abụọ na-agako site na mmụọ ma kewapụghị. &lt;br&gt;
15. N'ihi na mgbe amuma na-enwu, égbè eluigwe na-akpọ olu ya, mmụọ nsọ na-emekwa ka a kwụsịtụ n'oge mkpokọta ahụ, wee kewaa ha n'otu aka ahụ; n'ihi na ụlọ nkwakọba ihe nke peals ha dị ka aja, onye ọ bụla n'ime ha ka ọ na-eji ihe njide ejide ya, ike nke mmụọ na-atụgharịkwa ya azụ, a na-akwalikwa ya n'ihu dịka ọtụtụ akụkụ ụwa si dị. &lt;br&gt;
16. Mmụọ nke oké osimiri dịkwa ike ma dịkwa ike, dịka ike ya siri dị, ọ na-adọghachi ya azụ site n'iji ihe mgbochi, otu a ka a na-akwalikwa ya gaa n'ihu ma gbasaa n'etiti ugwu niile nke ụwa. &lt;br&gt;
17. Mmụọ nke oyi kpọrọ nkụ bụkwa mmụọ ozi ya, mmụọ nke akụ mmiri igwe bụkwa mmụọ ozi ọma. &lt;br&gt;
18. Mmụọ nke snow apụla n'ime ụlọ ya n'ihi ike ya—Mmụọ pụrụ iche dị n'ime ya, ihe na-esi na ya arịgo dị ka anwụrụ ọkụ, aha ya bụkwa ntu oyi. &lt;br&gt;
19. Mmụọ nke igirigi adịghịkwa n'ime ụlọ ha, kama o nwere ụlọ pụrụ iche; n'ihi na ụzọ ya dị ebube ma n'ìhè ma n'ọchịchịrị, na n'oge oyi na n'oge ọkọchị, mmụọ ozi nọkwa n'ime ụlọ ya. 


20. Mmụọ nke igirigi bi n'akụkụ eluigwe, ọ na-ejikokwa ya na ime ụlọ mmiri ozuzo, ọ na-agakwa n'oge oyi na ọkọchị: igwe ojii ya na igwe ojii nke igirigi ahụ jikọtara, otu na-enye ibe ya. &lt;br&gt;
21. Mgbe mmiri ozuzo si n'ime ụlọ ya pụta, ndị mmụọ ozi bịara mepee ụlọ ahụ wee duru ya pụọ, mgbe o gbasara n'elu ụwa dum, ọ na-ejikọta ya na mmiri n'ụwa. Mgbe ọ bụla o jikọtara ya na mmiri n'ụwa ... &lt;br&gt;
22. N'ihi na mmiri dịịrị ndị bi n'ụwa; n'ihi na ha bụ ihe oriri nye ụwa site n'aka Onye Kasị Elu nke nọ n'eluigwe: ya mere enwere nha maka mmiri ozuzo, ndị mmụọ ozi na-achịkwa ya. &lt;br&gt;
23. Ihe ndị a ka m hụrụ n'akụkụ Ubi nke Ndị Ezi Omume. &lt;br&gt;
24. Mmụọ ozi nke udo nke soro m wee si m: ‘Anụ abụọ a, nke a kwadebere dịka ịdị ukwuu nke Chineke si dị, ga-azụ ... &lt;br&gt;

'''ISI nke 61'''

1. Ahurụ m n'oge ahụ otú e si enye ndị mmuọ ozi ahụ eriri ogologo, ha wee buru nku ha felie, ha wee gaa n'ebe ugwu.&lt;br&gt;
2. M wee juo mmuo ozi ahụ, sị ya: 'Gini mere ndị mmuọ ozi ahu ji were eriri ndị a pụọ?' O wee sị m: &quot;Ha agaala tụo.'&lt;br&gt;
3. Mmụọ ozi nke soro m gaa wee sị m: 'Ndị a ga-eweta nha nke ndị ezi omume, na udo nke ndị ezi omume nye ndị ezi omume, ka ha wee nogide n'aha Onyenwe anyi nke mmuo ruo mgbe ebighi ebi.'&lt;br&gt;
4. Ndị ahoputara ga-amalite ibi na ndị ahoputara, ndị ahu bukwa ihe a ga-eji tụọ okwukwe, nke ga-emekwa ka ezi omume sie ike.&lt;br&gt;
5. The ndị a ga-ekpughe ihe nzuzo niile nke omimi nke uwa, na ndị ozara bibiri, na ndị anu ohja ripiara, na ndị azu nke oké osimiri ripiara, ka ha wee laghachi ma nogide, n'ubochi nke Onye A Hoputara; N'ihi na a gaghị ebibi onye o bula n'ihu Onyenwe anyi nke Mmuo, a pughikwa ibibi onye o bula.&lt;br&gt;
6. Ndị niile bi n'eluigwe natara iwu na ike na otu olu na otu
ihè dị ka okụ.&lt;br&gt;
7. Ha ji okwu mbụ ha gozie Onye ahụ, ha jikwa amamihe too ya, ha wee mara ihe n'okwu na mmuo nke ndụ.&lt;br&gt;
8. Onyenwe anyi nke Mmuo Nsọ wee tinye Onye A Hoputara n'ocheeze nke ebube. Q ga-ekpekwa oru niile nke ndị nsọ dị n'elu n'eluigwe ikpe, a ga-atukwa orụ ha n'ihe nha nhata.&lt;br&gt;
9. Ma mgbe o ga-ebuli ihu ya elu, ikpe ikpe nzuzo ha dika okwu nke aha Onyenwe anyi nke Mmuo si dị, na uzo ha dika uzo nke ikpe ziri ezi nke Onyenwe anyi nke Mmuọ si dị, mgbe ahụ ha niile ga-eji otu olu kwuo okwu ma gozie, ma nye otuto ma too aha Onyenwe anyi nke Mmuo nsọ.&lt;br&gt;
10. Q ga-akpokwa ndị agha eluigwe niile, na ndị nsọ niile dị n'elu, na ndị agha Chineke, ndị Cherub, Seraphin na Ofannin, na ndị mmuọ ozi niile nke ike, na ndị mmuo ozi niile nke ndị isi, na Onye A hoputara, na ndị ike ndị ozo dị n'uwa na n'elu mmiri.&lt;br&gt;
11. N'ubọchị ahụ, a ga-ebuli otu olu elu, gozie ma nye otuto ma bulie ya elu n'ime mmuo okwukwe, na mmuo amamihe, na mmụo ndidi, na mmuọ ebere, na mmụo ikpe na udo, na mmuo idị mma, ha niile ga-asi n'otu olu: &quot;Onye a goziri agozi ka p bụ, ka aha Onyenwe anyi nke mmuo dirikwa ruo mgbe ebighi ebi.&quot;

{{C|13}}&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>qw8l36jp9a2ggtahdqcggj3qt69l2jp</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:Igbo Book of Enoch.djvu/15</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449213</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1332328</id>
      <timestamp>2026-03-30T17:44:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>951142</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Proofread */</comment>
      <origin>1332328</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
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      <text bytes="6314" sha1="j448lwpwjaqdhj9qm597e5abayawdnv" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;3&quot; user=&quot;10kdollz&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;Akwukwo Inok &lt;br&gt;

'''ISI nke 65''' &lt;br&gt;

1. N'oge ahụ, Noa hụrụ ụwa ka ọ mikpuru, mbibi ya dịkwa nso. &lt;br&gt;

2. Ọ wee si ebe ahụ bilie gaa nsọtụ ụwa, tikuo nna nna ya bụ Enoch mkpu n'olu dị elu: Noa wee jiri olu ilu kwuo ugboro atọ, si: “Nụrụ m, gee m ntị, gee m ntị.” &lt;br&gt;

3. M wee si ya: 'Gwa m ihe na-ada n'ụwa nke mere na ụwa na ya?' &lt;br&gt;

4. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, oké mkpọtụ dara n'ụwa, a nụrụkwa olu sitere n'eluigwe, m wee daa n'ala kpudo ihu m. &lt;br&gt;

5. Enoch, nna nna m, wee bia guzoro n'akụkụ m, wee si m: 'Gịnị mere i ji tikuo m mkpu akwa dị ilu na akwa?' &lt;br&gt;

6. Iwu esiwo n'ọnụ Onyenweanyị pụta gbasara ndị bi n'ụwa na a ga-ebibi ha n'ihi na ha amụtala ihe nzuzo niile nke ndị mmụọ ozi, na ime ihe ike niile nke Setan, na ike ha niile - ndị kasị zoro ezo - na ike niile nke ndị na-eme anwansi, na ike nke amoosu, na ike nke ndị na-eme ihe oyiyi a kpụrụ akpụ maka ụwa dum. &lt;br&gt;

7. Na otu esi emepụta ọla edo site na aja nke ala, na otu esi emepụta ọla dị nro n'ụwa. &lt;br&gt;

8. N'ihi na a naghị amịpụta ndu na tin site n'ala dịka nke mbụ: ọ bụ isi iyi nke na-emepụta ha, mmụọ ozi na-eguzokwa n'ime ya, mmụọ ozi ahụ bụkwa onye kachasị elu. &lt;br&gt;

9. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, nna nna m bụ Enoch jidere m aka m wee bulie m elu, wee si m: 'Gaa, n'ihi na arịọwo m Onyenwe Mmuo maka nsogbu a dị n'ụwa.' &lt;br&gt;

10. Ọ wee si m: &quot;N'ihi ajọ omume ha, ekpebiri ikpe ha, agaghịkwa m egbochi ya ruo mgbe ebighi ebi. N'ihi anwansi ndị ha nyochaworo ma mụta, a ga-ebibi ụwa na ndị bi n'ime ya.&quot; &lt;br&gt;

11. Ndị a—ha enweghị ebe nchegharị ruo mgbe ebighi ebi, n'ihi na ha egosila ha ihe zoro ezo, ha bụkwa ndị a mara ikpe: ma gị onwe gị, nwa m, Onyenwe Mmuo maara na ị dị ọcha, na ị nweghị ikpe ọjọọ n'ihe a gbasara ihe nzuzo. &lt;br&gt;

12. Ọ nyekwara aha gị ka ọ dịrị n'etiti ndị nsọ, Ọ ga-echebekwa gị n'etiti ndị bi n'ụwa, Ọ nyekwara mkpụrụ ezi omume gị ikike ịbụ eze na nsọpụrụ dị ukwuu, Isi iyi nke ndị ezi omume na ndị nsọ ga-esi na mkpụrụ gị pụta ruo mgbe ebighi ebi. &lt;br&gt;

'''ISI nke 66''' &lt;br&gt;

1. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, o gosiri m ndị mmụọ ozi nke ntaramahụhụ ndị dị njikere ịbịa ma tọhapụ ike niile nke mmiri dị n'okpuru ụwa iji weta ikpe na mbibi nye ndị niile bi n'ụwa. &lt;br&gt;

2. Onye-nwe Mmuo Nsọ nyere ndị mmụọ ozi ndị na-apụ iwu ka ha ghara ime ka mmiri rịgoro kama ka ha jide ha; n'ihi na ndị mmụọ ozi ahụ nọ n'elu ike nke mmiri. &lt;br&gt;

3. M wee pụọ n'ihu Enoch. &lt;br&gt;

'''ISI nke 67''' &lt;br&gt;

1. N'oge ahụ, okwu Chineke bịakwutere m, Ọ wee si m: 'Noa, oké gị arịgowo n'ihu m, ọtụtụ ihe na-enweghi atụ, ọtụtụ ịhụnanya na izi ezi.' &lt;br&gt;

2. Ugbu a, ndị mmụọ ozi na-arụ ụlọ osisi, mgbe ha rụchara ọrụ ahụ, m ga-etinye aka m n'elu ya ma chebe ya, mkpụrụ ndụ ga-esikwa na ya pụta, mgbanwe ga-amalitekwa ka ụwa ghara ịnọ n'enweghị onye bi na ya. &lt;br&gt;

3. M ga-emekwa ka mkpụrụ gị sie ike n'ihu m ruo mgbe ebighi ebi, m ga-agbasakwa ndị bi na gị: ọ gaghị amị mkpụrụ n'elu ụwa, kama a ga-agozi ya ma mụbaa ya n'ụwa n'aha Onyenweanyị. &lt;br&gt;

4. Ọ ga-atukwa ndị mmụọ ozi ahụ, ndị gosipụtara ajọ omume, mkpọrọ n'ime ndagwurugwu ahụ na-ere ọkụ nke nna nna m bụ Enoch gosiri m na mbụ n'odida anyanwụ n'etiti ugwu ọla edo na ọla ọcha na igwe na ígwè dị nro na tin. &lt;br&gt;

5. Ahụrụ m ndagwurugwu ahụ ebe nnukwu mkpọtụ na... &lt;br&gt;

6. Mgbe ihe a niile mere, site na igwe ahụ a gbazere agbaze na site na mkpọtụ ya n'ebe ahụ, e nwere isi sulphur, e jikọtara ya na mmiri ndị ahụ, ndagwurugwu nke ndị mmụọ ozi ahụ bụ ndị duhiri ụmụ mmadụ wee gbaa ọkụ n'okpuru ala ahụ. &lt;br&gt;

7. Ọkụ na-esikwa na ndagwurugwu ya na-apụta, ebe a na-ata ndị mmụọ ozi a ahụhụ, bụ ndị duhiri ndị bi n'ụwa. &lt;br&gt;

8. Ma mmiri ndị ahụ ga-ejere ndị eze na ndị dị ike na ndị dị elu ozi n'oge ahụ, na ndị bi n'ụwa ozi maka ọgwụgwọ nke ahụ, mana maka ntaramahụhụ nke mmụọ; ugbu a mmụọ ha jupụtara n'ọchịchọ, ka e wee taa ha ahụhụ n'ahụ ha, n'ihi na ha agọnarịwo Onyenweanyị nke Mmuo ma hụ ntaramahụhụ ha kwa ụbọchị, ma ha ekweghị n'aha Ya. &lt;br&gt;

9. Dịka ọkụ ahụ ha siri sie ike, mgbanwe kwekọrọ na ya ga-eme n'ime mmụọ ha ruo mgbe ebighi ebi; n'ihi na n'ihu Onyenweanyị nke Mmuo Nsọ ọ dịghị onye ga-ekwu okwu efu. &lt;br&gt;

10. N'ihi na ikpe ga-abịakwasi ha, n'ihi na ha kwenyere n'ọchịchọ nke anụ ahụ ha ma gọnarị Mmụọ nke Onyenweanyị. &lt;br&gt;

11. Mmiri ndị ahụ ga-agbanwekwa n'oge ahụ; n'ihi na mgbe a na-ata ndị mmụọ ozi ahụ ahụhụ n'ime mmiri ndị a, isi iyi mmiri ndị a ga-agbanwe okpomọkụ ha, mgbe ndị mmụọ ozi rịgoro, mmiri iyi mmiri a ga-agbanwe wee jụọ oyi. &lt;br&gt;

12. Anụrụ m Maikel ka ọ na-aza, na-asị: “Ikpe a a ga-ekpe ndị mmụọ ozi bụ ihe akaebe nye ndị eze na ndị dị ike bụ ndị nwere ụwa.” &lt;br&gt;

13. N'ihi na mmiri ikpe ndị a na-ejere ndị eze ozi maka ọgwụgwọ ahụ na agụụ nke ahụ ha; ya mere ha agaghị ahụ ma ghara ikweta na mmiri ndị ahụ ga-agbanwe ma ghọọ ọkụ na-ere ọkụ ruo mgbe ebighi ebi. &lt;br&gt;

'''ISI nke 68''' &lt;br&gt;

1. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, nna nna m bụ Enoch nyere m ozizi nke ihe nzuzo niile dị n'akwụkwọ ahụ n'ilu ndị e nyere ya, ọ wee jikọta ha ọnụ maka m n'okwu dị n'akwụkwọ ilu ndị ahụ. &lt;br&gt;

2. Ma n'ụbọchị ahụ, Maikel zara Rafael, si: 'Ike nke mmụọ ihe nzuzo, ikpe nke ndị mmụọ ozi: onye pụrụ idi ikpe siri ike nke e mere, nke ha na-agbaze tupu ya?' &lt;br&gt;

3. Maikel zara ọzọ, si Rafael: “Onye bụ onye obi ya adịghị nro maka ya, onye obi ya anaghịkwa enye nsogbu site n'okwu ikpe a nke batara ha n'ihi ndị dupụtara ha otu a?” &lt;br&gt;

4. Ọ wee ruo mgbe o guzoro n'ihu Onyenweanyị nke Mmuo, Maikel gwara Raphael otu a: 'Agaghị m etinye oke ha n'okpuru Onyenweanyị; n'ihi na Onyenweanyị nke Mmuo... &lt;br&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>j448lwpwjaqdhj9qm597e5abayawdnv</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:PL Colette Małżeństwo Klaudyny.djvu/8</title>
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        <id>20441</id>
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      <comment>/* Przepisana */</comment>
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      <text bytes="860" sha1="klipkdszkcwoqy1p7f6gen0qlczrbzi" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Ankry&quot; /&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{f|WSZELKIE PRAWA AUTORSKIE ZASTRZEŻONE|po=2em|c}}
{{f|SKŁADY GŁÓWNE:|po=1em|c}}
{{f|we Lwowie &lt;br&gt;„Lektor“ Mikołaja 23 (dom własny) &lt;br&gt;„Księgarnia nauczycielska“ Batorego 12|po=0.5em|c}}
{{f|w Krakowie &lt;br&gt;„Lektor“ Rynek gł. 12|po=0.5em|c}}
{{f|w Lublinie &lt;br&gt;„Lektor“ Szopena 5|po=0.5em|c}}
{{f|w Warszawie &lt;br&gt;Księgarnia Jerzy Dunin-Borkowski, Ś-to Krzyska 18|po=5em|c}}
{|style=&quot;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto&quot;
|{{f*|w=130%|'''''№.'''''}}
|{{---}}{{---}}{{---}}{{---}}{{---}}{{---}}{{---}}
|}
{{f|w=85%|EGZEMPLARZE NIENUMEROWANE BĘDĄ PRAWNIE ŚCIGANE|po=6em|c}}
{{f|w=85%|OKŁADKĘ WYKONAŁA M. JANUSZANKA|c}}
{{f|w=85%|KLISZE WYKONANO W ZAKŁADZIE CYNKOGRAFICZNYM „NOWOŚCI ILLUSTR.“|c}}
{{f|w=85%|ODBITO W DRUKARNI D. E. FRIEDLEINA W KRAKOWIE|c}}
{{f|w=85%|POD ZARZĄDEM STEFANA KARCZMARSKIEGO|c}}
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:PL Colette Małżeństwo Klaudyny.djvu/7</title>
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{{f|w=280%|MAŁŻEŃSTWO &lt;br&gt;:-: KLAUDYNY:-:|h=normal|c|po=0.5em}}
{{f|POWIEŚĆ.|c|po=3em}}
[[File:Lektor logo.jpg|center|100px|alt=LEKToR]]
{{f|w=85%|CZWARTY TYSIĄC.|przed=4em|po=2em|c}}
{{f|w=85%|WYDAŁ INSTYTUT WYDAWNICZY {{Korekta|LEKTOR“.|„LEKTOR“.}}|c}}
{{f|w=85%|LWÓW—KRAKÓW WARSZAWA 1920.|c}}
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:Igbo Book of Enoch.djvu/19</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449216</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1332332</id>
      <timestamp>2026-03-30T18:00:00Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="3100" sha1="80nwwutpahp363rwwyeqmlnousmwjku" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;3&quot; user=&quot;10kdollz&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;8. O laghachikwara ozo n'ime ubochi asaa n'onu uzo nke ano nke anyanwu na-esi aputa.

9. N'ihi ya, ahuru m onodu ha - otú onwa si aputa na otú anyanwu si ada n'oge ahu.

10. O buru na agbakota afo ise, anyanwu ga-enwe otutu ubochi iri ato; ubochi nile nke na-agbakota na ya maka otu n'ime afo ise ahu, mgbe ha jupụtara, ga-abu ubochi 364.

11. Ihe kariri anyanwu na kpakpando niile bu ubochi ise: n'ime afo ise, ubochi ise kwa afo na-abia ubochi iri ato; onwa na-ada n’azu anyanwu na kpakpando ruo ubochi iri ato.

12. Anyanwu na kpakpando na-eweta afo niile kpomkwem, ka ha wee ghara iga n'ihu ma o bu gbuo oge n'onodu ha ruo mgbe ebighi ebi; kama ha ga-emecha afo ndi ahu n'ikpe ziri ezi zuru oke n'ime ubochi 364.

13. N'ime afo ato, e nwere ubochi 1092; n'ime afo ise, ubochi 1820; nke mere na n'ime afo asato, e nwere ubochi 2912.

14. Maka onwa nanị, ubochi di n'ime afo 3 bu ubochi 1062; n'ime afo 5 o na-ada n’azu ubochi 50.

15. N'ime afo ise, e nwere ubochi 1770; nke mere na onwa, ubochi di n'ime afo 8 ga-abu ubochi 2832.

16. N'ime afo asato o dara n’azu ruo ubochi iri asato; ubochi niile o dara n’azu n'ime afo asato bu iri asato.

17. A na-emecha afo ahu nke oma dika ebe ha na-ano n'uwa na ebe anyanwu na-ano, nke na-esi n'onu uzo ebe anyanwu na-awa ma na-ada ubochi iri ato puta.

'''ISI nke 75'''

1. Ndi isi nke ndi isi nke puku kwuru puku, ndi e debere n'elu ihe nile e kere eke na n'elu kpakpando niile, nwekwara ihe jikoro ubochi ano di n'etiti, nke na-ekewa onwe ha na oru ha, dika onodu afo si di.

2. Ma n'ihi ha, ndi mmadu na-emehie ihe n'ime ya, n'ihi na ndi ahu na-enye oru n'ezie n’odu ugbo okporo igwe uwa.

3. Maka ihe iriba ama na oge na afo na ubochi, mmuo ozi Uriel gosiri m, onye Onyenwe anyi debere n'elu ihe niile na-enye ihe.

4. N'otu aka ahu, onu uzo iri na abuo ka Uriel gosiri m, nke meghere n’eluigwe ebe anyanwu na-aputa.

5. Maka ifufe na mmuo nke igirigi mgbe e meghere ha, guzoro n'eluigwe na n'usoro.

6. Banyere onu uzo iri na abuo di n'eluigwe, nke anyanwu, onwa na kpakpando si apụta.

7. E nwere otutu windo mepere emepe n'aka ekpe na aka nri.

8. Ahuru m ugbo inyinya n'eluigwe, na-agba oso n'uwa.

9. Otu buru ibu kariri ndi ozo niile.

'''ISI nke 76'''

1. Na nsotu uwa, ahuru m onu uzo iri na abuo e meghere nye akuku niile nke eluigwe, ebe ifufe si apụta.

2. Ato n'ime ha di n'elu eluigwe, ato n'odida anyanwu, ato n'aka nri, ato n'aka ekpe.

3. Ndi mbu ato bu ndi owuwa anyanwu, ato bu ugwu, ato bu ndida, ato bu odida anyanwu.

4. Site n'ime ano n'ime ha ka ifufe oma si abia; site na asato ka ifufe ojoo si abia.

5. Ifufe mbu bu ifufe owuwa anyanwu, na-ebute okpomoku na mbibi.

6. Site n'ony uzo nke abuo ka mmiri ozuzo na oganihu si abia.

7. Ifufe ndida na-ebute okpomoku.

8. Ifufe etiti na-ebute isi uto, mmiri ozuzo na oganihu.

9. Ifufe nke ato na-ebute igurube na mbibi.

10. Ifufe ugwu na-ebute oyi na mmiri ozuzo.

11. Site n'uzo etiti ka ahuike na oganihu si abia.

12. Ifufe odida anyanwu na-ebute oyi na snow.

13. Ifufe ikpeazu na-ebute oku na mbibi.

14. Nke a bu usoro zuru oke nke ifufe na eluigwe.&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Page:The history of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ.pdf/39</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449217</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1332335</id>
      <timestamp>2026-03-30T21:20:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Cwrwgl</username>
        <id>937938</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Proofread */</comment>
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      <text bytes="1798" sha1="artibf0z47qv0ti3xnudaewjv2njy9z" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;3&quot; user=&quot;Cwrwgl&quot; /&gt;{{c|25}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;lemattachpop giechgi ehelilamank: woak guttasch tchinnop Aurink. (pachakqueke) Nanne peep Samaritan Ochque, mawi Mbi natenumen. Jesus wtellawall: Menihhil! Ntite Gegegimatschil Utenink epannik mauwi mehallamossin Mizewoagan. Nanne Ochque Samaria wentschijey wtellapanil ta leu, wentschi nattoochtawi Mbi eli Tschuwi kakey, woak ni Ochque Samaria untschijeyit
nhakey? Ntite Tschuak atta wulelemawiwak Samarititschik. Jesus nachgutem woak wtellapanil: Woatawane Getanittowit miltowoagan, woak Ewenit na lukgun, menihhil, guwinuwamatsch a, woak necamatsch a milgun pemauchsowik Mbi. Ochque wtellawall: Nihillalan,
atta koeku gelennemowi anshigejan, woak gunalachgat
Ehelilamank, tagunden pemauchsowik Mbi? Ki eet
wdallowilissitawan Moochenaninga Jacob na milquenk
jun Ehelilamank, woak necama untschi meneep woak
Wunitschanak, woak Wtallemunsak? Jesus nachgutem
woak wtellawall: Jun Mbi auwen menete, lappitsch gattosomo; schuk auwen menete Mbi nitsch nemilan, mattatsch gattosomuiwi hallamagamik, Ulaha nan Mbi nitsch nemilan Ehelilamanksch hokenk kschippehelak hallemiwi Pommauchsowoaganink. Ochque wtellawall: Nihillalan, milil elinaquo Mbi, wentschitsch matta ngattosomuiwi, woak matta ahoweli npawi Mbi mauwi anshammen. Jesus wtellawall: Aal, guntschim gowikima, woak lappi pal. Ochque nachgutem, wtellapanil: atta nowikingewi. Jesus wtellawall: gulamoe elowejan, matta nowikingewi; palenach tchoak gowikimapanik, woak juke
Quitawemat matta ne gowikimawi; kehella kschachackaptone. Ochque wtellawall: Nihillalan, ntelli nemen, Niganiweuchsit kakey. Nochenaninga juni Wachtschunk patamawepaninga, woak kiluwa ktallowihhimo, Jerusalem talli majawi patamaawen. Jesus wtellawall: Ochque, wulistawil, tpisquihhileuchtsch enda matta jun Wachtschunk, schita Jerusalem kpatamauwawunewotsch&lt;noinclude&gt;{{c|3}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <title>Page:Conversations in Gaelic and English.djvu/46</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
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      <text bytes="2666" sha1="rdg28e60ivvebpjob188qzs0c5z6vqv" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;3&quot; user=&quot;Cwrwgl&quot; /&gt;{{rh|42|CÒMHRAIDHEAN: CONVERSATIONS.}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;Tha deagh rathad a' fiaradh a suas taobh a' bhruthaich gu mullach a' mhonaidh, ach cha 'n 'eil ann an déidh sin ach ceum garbh thar an fhraoich.

'D é 'n t-astar a tha eadar Baile Nodha 's an loch?

Mu thuaiream trì mìle.

Cia meud mìle 'tha o so gu ruig an loch?

Còig mìle agus tri mìle—'s e sin ochd mìle.

An do mhothaich sibh am bheil coilich is cearcan fraoich pailte ’s a' mhonadh?

Tha mi 'n barail gu'm bheil, oir bha iad ag éiridh 'n an sgaothaibh a h-uile ceann tacain mar chaidh mi air m' aghaidh.

Air lean nach 'eil eun ann a 's briadha na 'u coileach-fraoich deireadh an fhogharaidh.

Is math is fhiach e 'fhaicinn a' spaidseireachd air 'ais 's air 'aghaidh gu h-uaibhreach air tolman, a chìrean dearg togta os ceann a shùilean, agus iteach dubh-dhonn a' dearsadh 's a' ghréin.

'D é 'n ùine 'ghabh sibh a' dol a null o Bhaile Nodha?

Mu uair an uaireadair, a' coiseachd air mo shocair.

Tha de dh' uchdain, de chamhanan, 's de lùban 's na monaidhean 's nach 'eil è furasda coiseachd gu luath tharta.

'N uair a ràinig mi 'n taobh thall chunnaic mi sealladh nach dì-chuimhnich mi 'chlisge.

'D é 'n seòrsa seallaidh a bh' ann?

Bha badan de cheò cho geal ris an t-sneachd air mullach Chùirn-deirg.

Is tric a chithear sin air na beanntan.

Am feadh a bha mi 'g amharc air thàinig oiteag ghaoithe fodha a reub 'u a stroicean è, agus

A good road winds up along the side of the hill to the top of the moor, but there is only a rough path over the heather after that.

What distance is there between Balino and the lake?

About three miles.

How many miles are there from here to the lake?

Five miles and three miles—that makes eight miles.

Did you observe whether grouse are plentiful in the moor?

I am of opinion that they are, for they were rising in coveys every now and then as I went forward.

I think that there is not a more elegant bird than the cock grouse in the end of harvest.

He is well worth being seen strutting proudly backwards and forwards on a knoll, with his red crest erected above his eyes, and his dark brown plumage gleaming in the sun.

What time did you take to cross from Balino?

About an hour by the watch, walking at my leisure.

There are so many hillocks, hollows, and windings in the moors that it is not easy to walk fast over them.

When reached the other side I saw a sight that I shall not forget in a hurry.

What kind of sight was it?

There was a tuft of mist as white as snow on the top of Carn-dearg.

That is often seen on the mountains.

While I was looking at it a gust of wind came under it that tore it in tatters, and these tatters&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <title>သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ (5-1) ပီႇၸီႇ</title>
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| title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး
| author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ်
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လိူဝ်သေ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁူႉဝႃႈ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ၶိူဝ်းသၵျၶဝ် ၵေႃႉမႃးဢွၼ်ပူၵ်းတင်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် ၵႂၢမ်းမၢၼ်ႈပေႃးဝႃႈ 'ကျိုင်းဟုံအစ သာကီယ၊ မိုးမိတ်အစ ကျိုင်းဟုံက' ၼႆယူႇ။ ပွင်ႇဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ဢၼ်ဢွၼ်တႄႇ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ၊ ၶုၼ်မိူင်းမိတ်ႈသမ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈမႃးၼႆ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ မၢၼ်ႈၸိူဝ်းယူႇပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ႁၼ်ထိုင်ၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ တၼ်းမီး 42 ၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်မီးၼႂ်း ၸႄႈတွၼ်ႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ၶုၼ်သုပႃႇႁု ၸိုဝ်ႈၸုမ်ႈ မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇပွတ်းၵၢင် မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး တင်းၼွင်ႉၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ၽတ်ႉတသေႇၼ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ပႆလိၼ်မႃးသေ မႃးတင်ႈဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပဵၼ်ၽြႃးမႃးငႆၢႈငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်တူၼ်ၼႆႉ ႁုပ်ႈဢဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်း ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ်ၽွင်းငမ်း ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၽွင်ႈသေ ၽွင်းငမ်းပႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ တႄႇဢဝ်ၼၼ်ႉမႃး ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ &quot;ဝဵင်းလူင်ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ&quot;၊{{Ref|1}} တိူင်းၵၼ်ႇထႃႇရ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇမႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ ၅၁။&lt;/ref&gt;

==မၢႆတွင်း==
#{{note|1}}ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလူင် ၽွင်းငမ်းမႃး 500 ပီပႆၢပႆၢ။ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သမ်ႉ တၼ်းမီးၵႂႃႇ 42 သိုပ်ႇ၊ လၵ်းထၢၼ်ဝဵင်းၵဝ်ႇၼႆႉ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ၵူၺ်းၵိုတ်းၶူးဝဵင်း ဢၼ်တၢင်းလိုၵ်ႉ မီး 10 သွၵ်ႇ၊ တၢင်းၵႂၢင်ႈ 15 သွၵ်ႇ၊ ၽၵ်းတူ 12 သွၵ်ႇ၊ လႄႈ ၵိုတ်းဢၼ်ၵဝ်ႇဢၼ်မွၼ်ဢိတ်းဢီႈ၊ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ထိူၼ်ႇ ပဵၼ်ယုမ်းၶိူဝ်းၵႂႃႇမူတ်းယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

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[[Category:တႆး]]</text>
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| author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ်
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လိူဝ်သေ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁူႉဝႃႈ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ၶိူဝ်းသၵျၶဝ် ၵေႃႉမႃးဢွၼ်ပူၵ်းတင်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် ၵႂၢမ်းမၢၼ်ႈပေႃးဝႃႈ 'ကျိုင်းဟုံအစ သာကီယ၊ မိုးမိတ်အစ ကျိုင်းဟုံက' ၼႆယူႇ။ ပွင်ႇဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ဢၼ်ဢွၼ်တႄႇ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ၊ ၶုၼ်မိူင်းမိတ်ႈသမ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈမႃးၼႆ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ မၢၼ်ႈၸိူဝ်းယူႇပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ႁၼ်ထိုင်ၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ တၼ်းမီး 42 ၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်မီးၼႂ်း ၸႄႈတွၼ်ႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ၶုၼ်သုပႃႇႁု ၸိုဝ်ႈၸုမ်ႈ မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇပွတ်းၵၢင် မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး တင်းၼွင်ႉၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ၽတ်ႉတသေႇၼ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ပႆလိၼ်မႃးသေ မႃးတင်ႈဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပဵၼ်ၽြႃးမႃးငႆၢႈငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်တူၼ်ၼႆႉ ႁုပ်ႈဢဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်း ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ်ၽွင်းငမ်း ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၽွင်ႈသေ ၽွင်းငမ်းပႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ တႄႇဢဝ်ၼၼ်ႉမႃး ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ &quot;ဝဵင်းလူင်ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ&quot;၊{{Ref|1}} တိူင်းၵၼ်ႇထႃႇရ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇမႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ ၅၁။&lt;/ref&gt;

==မၢႆတွင်း==
#{{note|1}}ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလူင် ၽွင်းငမ်းမႃး 500 ပီပႆၢပႆၢ။ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သမ်ႉ တၼ်းမီးၵႂႃႇ 42 သိုပ်ႇ၊ လၵ်းထၢၼ်ဝဵင်းၵဝ်ႇၼႆႉ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ၵူၺ်းၵိုတ်းၶူးဝဵင်း ဢၼ်တၢင်းလိုၵ်ႉ မီး 10 သွၵ်ႇ၊ တၢင်းၵႂၢင်ႈ 15 သွၵ်ႇ၊ ၽၵ်းတူ 12 သွၵ်ႇ၊ လႄႈ ၵိုတ်းဢၼ်ၵဝ်ႇဢၼ်မွၼ်ဢိတ်းဢီႈ၊ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ထိူၼ်ႇ ပဵၼ်ယုမ်းၶိူဝ်းၵႂႃႇမူတ်းယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၶဝ်တႄႉ 1. သုပႃႇႁု သမ်ႉလိုဝ်းလင်ဝႃႈ မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ၊ 2. ၽတ်ႉတသေႇၼ ၼွင်ႉ ၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ 3.ၸၼ်ႇတိမႃရႃႇၸႃႇ လၢၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ 4. သီႇရိ ၸၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 5. သူရိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 6. ဢိၼ်ႇတတေႇဝႃႇရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 7. သူႇရိယဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 8. သေႃးၸေႇယရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 9. ၼၼ်ႇတရႃႇ ၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 10. ဢုပၼၼ်ႇတ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 11. သုထၼုရႃႇ ၸႃႇ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 12. ဢုၵ်ႉၵဝမ်ႇသ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 13. ၸယသေႇၼ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 14. ထမ်ႇမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 15. ဝိသုရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈ ၸၢႆး 16. မႁႃႇဝိၸိတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 17. တိသမ်ႇၽရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 18. ပရိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 19. ၵလျႃႇၼဝမ်ႇသ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 20. သၵလရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 21. ၼရပရမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 22. သီႇရိပတုမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 23. ဢိၼ်ႇတၵုမႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 24. ဢုၵ်ႉၵပလရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 25. သီႇရိတေဝႃႇ ၼၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 26. ထမ်ႇမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 27. ဢႃႇတိတ်ႉၸဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ တႄႇၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵႂႃႇ တင်းမူတ်းမီး 42 ၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။   

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လိူဝ်သေ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁူႉဝႃႈ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ၶိူဝ်းသၵျၶဝ် ၵေႃႉမႃးဢွၼ်ပူၵ်းတင်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် ၵႂၢမ်းမၢၼ်ႈပေႃးဝႃႈ 'ကျိုင်းဟုံအစ သာကီယ၊ မိုးမိတ်အစ ကျိုင်းဟုံက' ၼႆယူႇ။ ပွင်ႇဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ဢၼ်ဢွၼ်တႄႇ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ၊ ၶုၼ်မိူင်းမိတ်ႈသမ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈမႃးၼႆ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ မၢၼ်ႈၸိူဝ်းယူႇပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ႁၼ်ထိုင်ၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ တၼ်းမီး 42 ၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်မီးၼႂ်း ၸႄႈတွၼ်ႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ၶုၼ်သုပႃႇႁု ၸိုဝ်ႈၸုမ်ႈ မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇပွတ်းၵၢင် မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး တင်းၼွင်ႉၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ၽတ်ႉတသေႇၼ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ပႆလိၼ်မႃးသေ မႃးတင်ႈဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပဵၼ်ၽြႃးမႃးငႆၢႈငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်တူၼ်ၼႆႉ ႁုပ်ႈဢဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်း ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ်ၽွင်းငမ်း ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၽွင်ႈသေ ၽွင်းငမ်းပႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ တႄႇဢဝ်ၼၼ်ႉမႃး ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ &quot;ဝဵင်းလူင်ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ&quot;၊{{Ref|1}} တိူင်းၵၼ်ႇထႃႇရ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇမႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ ၅၁။&lt;/ref&gt;

ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၶဝ်တႄႉ 1. သုပႃႇႁု သမ်ႉလိုဝ်းလင်ဝႃႈ မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ၊ 2. ၽတ်ႉတသေႇၼ ၼွင်ႉ ၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ 3.ၸၼ်ႇတိမႃရႃႇၸႃႇ လၢၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ 4. သီႇရိ ၸၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 5. သူရိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 6. ဢိၼ်ႇတတေႇဝႃႇရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 7. သူႇရိယဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 8. သေႃးၸေႇယရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 9. ၼၼ်ႇတရႃႇ ၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 10. ဢုပၼၼ်ႇတ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 11. သုထၼုရႃႇ ၸႃႇ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 12. ဢုၵ်ႉၵဝမ်ႇသ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 13. ၸယသေႇၼ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 14. ထမ်ႇမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 15. ဝိသုရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈ ၸၢႆး 16. မႁႃႇဝိၸိတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 17. တိသမ်ႇၽရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 18. ပရိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 19. ၵလျႃႇၼဝမ်ႇသ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 20. သၵလရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 21. ၼရပရမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 22. သီႇရိပတုမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 23. ဢိၼ်ႇတၵုမႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 24. ဢုၵ်ႉၵပလရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 25. သီႇရိတေဝႃႇ ၼၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 26. ထမ်ႇမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 27. ဢႃႇတိတ်ႉၸဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ တႄႇၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵႂႃႇ တင်းမူတ်းမီး 42 ၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။   

==မၢႆတွင်း==
#{{note|1}}ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလူင် ၽွင်းငမ်းမႃး 500 ပီပႆၢပႆၢ။ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သမ်ႉ တၼ်းမီးၵႂႃႇ 42 သိုပ်ႇ၊ လၵ်းထၢၼ်ဝဵင်းၵဝ်ႇၼႆႉ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ၵူၺ်းၵိုတ်းၶူးဝဵင်း ဢၼ်တၢင်းလိုၵ်ႉ မီး 10 သွၵ်ႇ၊ တၢင်းၵႂၢင်ႈ 15 သွၵ်ႇ၊ ၽၵ်းတူ 12 သွၵ်ႇ၊ လႄႈ ၵိုတ်းဢၼ်ၵဝ်ႇဢၼ်မွၼ်ဢိတ်းဢီႈ၊ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ထိူၼ်ႇ ပဵၼ်ယုမ်းၶိူဝ်းၵႂႃႇမူတ်းယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

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လိူဝ်သေ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁူႉဝႃႈ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ၶိူဝ်းသၵျၶဝ် ၵေႃႉမႃးဢွၼ်ပူၵ်းတင်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် ၵႂၢမ်းမၢၼ်ႈပေႃးဝႃႈ 'ကျိုင်းဟုံအစ သာကီယ၊ မိုးမိတ်အစ ကျိုင်းဟုံက' ၼႆယူႇ။ ပွင်ႇဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ဢၼ်ဢွၼ်တႄႇ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ၊ ၶုၼ်မိူင်းမိတ်ႈသမ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈမႃးၼႆ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ မၢၼ်ႈၸိူဝ်းယူႇပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ႁၼ်ထိုင်ၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ တၼ်းမီး 42 ၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်မီးၼႂ်း ၸႄႈတွၼ်ႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ၶုၼ်သုပႃႇႁု ၸိုဝ်ႈၸုမ်ႈ မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇပွတ်းၵၢင် မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး တင်းၼွင်ႉၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ၽတ်ႉတသေႇၼ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ပႆလိၼ်မႃးသေ မႃးတင်ႈဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပဵၼ်ၽြႃးမႃးငႆၢႈငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်တူၼ်ၼႆႉ ႁုပ်ႈဢဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်း ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ်ၽွင်းငမ်း ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၽွင်ႈသေ ၽွင်းငမ်းပႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ တႄႇဢဝ်ၼၼ်ႉမႃး ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ &quot;ဝဵင်းလူင်ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ&quot;၊{{Ref|1}} တိူင်းၵၼ်ႇထႃႇရ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇမႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ ၅၁။&lt;/ref&gt;

ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၶဝ်တႄႉ 1. သုပႃႇႁု သမ်ႉလိုဝ်းလင်ဝႃႈ မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ၊ 2. ၽတ်ႉတသေႇၼ ၼွင်ႉ ၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ 3.ၸၼ်ႇတိမႃရႃႇၸႃႇ လၢၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ 4. သီႇရိ ၸၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 5. သူရိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 6. ဢိၼ်ႇတတေႇဝႃႇရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 7. သူႇရိယဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 8. သေႃးၸေႇယရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 9. ၼၼ်ႇတရႃႇ ၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 10. ဢုပၼၼ်ႇတ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 11. သုထၼုရႃႇ ၸႃႇ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 12. ဢုၵ်ႉၵဝမ်ႇသ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 13. ၸယသေႇၼ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 14. ထမ်ႇမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 15. ဝိသုရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈ ၸၢႆး 16. မႁႃႇဝိၸိတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 17. တိသမ်ႇၽရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 18. ပရိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 19. ၵလျႃႇၼဝမ်ႇသ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 20. သၵလရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 21. ၼရပရမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 22. သီႇရိပတုမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 23. ဢိၼ်ႇတၵုမႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 24. ဢုၵ်ႉၵပလရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 25. သီႇရိတေဝႃႇ ၼၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 26. ထမ်ႇမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 27. ဢႃႇတိတ်ႉၸဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ တႄႇၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵႂႃႇ တင်းမူတ်းမီး 42 ၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။   

တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇၼၼ်ႉမႃး ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလိုၼ်းသုတ်း တူၼ်ဢၼ်ထူၼ်ႈသီႇသိပ်းသွင်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးၸဝ်ႈမႁႃႇၼွႆႉ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၽွင်းငမ်းႁၢင်ႈႁေႃ 86 ပီ။ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈပီ မႁႃႇသၵ်းၵရၢတ်ႉ 122 သေ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ တိုၵ်ႉမီးၼႂ်း 58 မႅၼ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇ ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းၼၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးႁဝ်း ပေႃးမႃးၵိုၼ်းဝႆႉ ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇ ၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်း၊ ၼမ်ႉၶူင်း၊ ၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ  ၆၂-၆၄.&lt;/ref&gt;

==မၢႆတွင်း==
#{{note|1}}ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလူင် ၽွင်းငမ်းမႃး 500 ပီပႆၢပႆၢ။ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သမ်ႉ တၼ်းမီးၵႂႃႇ 42 သိုပ်ႇ၊ လၵ်းထၢၼ်ဝဵင်းၵဝ်ႇၼႆႉ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ၵူၺ်းၵိုတ်းၶူးဝဵင်း ဢၼ်တၢင်းလိုၵ်ႉ မီး 10 သွၵ်ႇ၊ တၢင်းၵႂၢင်ႈ 15 သွၵ်ႇ၊ ၽၵ်းတူ 12 သွၵ်ႇ၊ လႄႈ ၵိုတ်းဢၼ်ၵဝ်ႇဢၼ်မွၼ်ဢိတ်းဢီႈ၊ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ထိူၼ်ႇ ပဵၼ်ယုမ်းၶိူဝ်းၵႂႃႇမူတ်းယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

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[[Category:တႆး]]</text>
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လိူဝ်သေ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁူႉဝႃႈ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ၶိူဝ်းသၵျၶဝ် ၵေႃႉမႃးဢွၼ်ပူၵ်းတင်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် ၵႂၢမ်းမၢၼ်ႈပေႃးဝႃႈ 'ကျိုင်းဟုံအစ သာကီယ၊ မိုးမိတ်အစ ကျိုင်းဟုံက' ၼႆယူႇ။ ပွင်ႇဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ဢၼ်ဢွၼ်တႄႇ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ၊ ၶုၼ်မိူင်းမိတ်ႈသမ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈမႃးၼႆ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ မၢၼ်ႈၸိူဝ်းယူႇပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ႁၼ်ထိုင်ၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ တၼ်းမီး 42 ၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်မီးၼႂ်း ၸႄႈတွၼ်ႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ၶုၼ်သုပႃႇႁု ၸိုဝ်ႈၸုမ်ႈ မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇပွတ်းၵၢင် မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး တင်းၼွင်ႉၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ၽတ်ႉတသေႇၼ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ပႆလိၼ်မႃးသေ မႃးတင်ႈဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပဵၼ်ၽြႃးမႃးငႆၢႈငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်တူၼ်ၼႆႉ ႁုပ်ႈဢဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်း ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ်ၽွင်းငမ်း ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၽွင်ႈသေ ၽွင်းငမ်းပႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ တႄႇဢဝ်ၼၼ်ႉမႃး ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ &quot;ဝဵင်းလူင်ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ&quot;၊{{Ref|1}} တိူင်းၵၼ်ႇထႃႇရ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇမႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ ၅၁။&lt;/ref&gt;

ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၶဝ်တႄႉ 1. သုပႃႇႁု သမ်ႉလိုဝ်းလင်ဝႃႈ မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ၊ 2. ၽတ်ႉတသေႇၼ ၼွင်ႉ ၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ 3.ၸၼ်ႇတိမႃရႃႇၸႃႇ လၢၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ 4. သီႇရိ ၸၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 5. သူရိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 6. ဢိၼ်ႇတတေႇဝႃႇရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 7. သူႇရိယဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 8. သေႃးၸေႇယရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 9. ၼၼ်ႇတရႃႇ ၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 10. ဢုပၼၼ်ႇတ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 11. သုထၼုရႃႇ ၸႃႇ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 12. ဢုၵ်ႉၵဝမ်ႇသ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 13. ၸယသေႇၼ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 14. ထမ်ႇမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 15. ဝိသုရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈ ၸၢႆး 16. မႁႃႇဝိၸိတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 17. တိသမ်ႇၽရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 18. ပရိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 19. ၵလျႃႇၼဝမ်ႇသ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 20. သၵလရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 21. ၼရပရမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 22. သီႇရိပတုမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 23. ဢိၼ်ႇတၵုမႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 24. ဢုၵ်ႉၵပလရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 25. သီႇရိတေဝႃႇ ၼၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 26. ထမ်ႇမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 27. ဢႃႇတိတ်ႉၸဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ တႄႇၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵႂႃႇ တင်းမူတ်းမီး 42 ၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။   

တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇၼၼ်ႉမႃး ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလိုၼ်းသုတ်း တူၼ်ဢၼ်ထူၼ်ႈသီႇသိပ်းသွင်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးၸဝ်ႈမႁႃႇၼွႆႉ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၽွင်းငမ်းႁၢင်ႈႁေႃ 86 ပီ။ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈပီ မႁႃႇသၵ်းၵရၢတ်ႉ 122 သေ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ တိုၵ်ႉမီးၼႂ်း 58 မႅၼ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇ ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းၼၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးႁဝ်း ပေႃးမႃးၵိုၼ်းဝႆႉ ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇ ၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်း၊ ၼမ်ႉၶူင်း၊ ၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ  ၆၂-၆၄.&lt;/ref&gt;

ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ မီးလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးႁႃႈၸဝ်ႈ။ သိူဝ်ႁူမ်ႇၾႃႉ၊ သိူဝ်ႁႆၢးၾႃႉ၊ သိူဝ်ဢွၼ်ႇၾႃႉ၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵၢပ်ႇ၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵႅၼ်ႇၼႆ ႁႃႈၸဝ်ႈယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈပီသႃႇသၼႃႇလႆႈ 38 မွၵ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈဢဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် တႂ်ႈၽွင်းငမ်းမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ် လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ။ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးလူင် သိူဝ်ႁူမ်ႇၾႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ပၼ်ၽွင်းငမ်းမိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ သိူဝ်ႁႆၢးၾႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ပၼ်မိူင်းၵွင်၊ သိူဝ်ဢွၼ်ႇၾႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်မိူင်းယၢင်း၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵၢပ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ် မိူင်းလႅမ်း၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵႅၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်မိူင်းဝၼ်း၊ ၸဝ်ႈၼွင်ႉၽွင်းမိူင်း ၸဝ်ႈၶမ်းယွတ်ႈသမ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်ၵွင်းၸၢင်ႇ/ၵွင်းၸၢင်ႉ၊ ၶုၼ်မုၼ်လူင် လုၵ်ႈၽွင်းမိူင်းၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်ၵႂၢၼ်တူင်ႇသေ ၸႂ်ႉၽွင်းငမ်း မိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ်ၵၼ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Ibid. pp. 62-64&lt;/ref&gt;

==မၢႆတွင်း==
#{{note|1}}ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလူင် ၽွင်းငမ်းမႃး 500 ပီပႆၢပႆၢ။ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သမ်ႉ တၼ်းမီးၵႂႃႇ 42 သိုပ်ႇ၊ လၵ်းထၢၼ်ဝဵင်းၵဝ်ႇၼႆႉ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ၵူၺ်းၵိုတ်းၶူးဝဵင်း ဢၼ်တၢင်းလိုၵ်ႉ မီး 10 သွၵ်ႇ၊ တၢင်းၵႂၢင်ႈ 15 သွၵ်ႇ၊ ၽၵ်းတူ 12 သွၵ်ႇ၊ လႄႈ ၵိုတ်းဢၼ်ၵဝ်ႇဢၼ်မွၼ်ဢိတ်းဢီႈ၊ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ထိူၼ်ႇ ပဵၼ်ယုမ်းၶိူဝ်းၵႂႃႇမူတ်းယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

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လိူဝ်သေ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁူႉဝႃႈ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ၶိူဝ်းသၵျၶဝ် ၵေႃႉမႃးဢွၼ်ပူၵ်းတင်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် ၵႂၢမ်းမၢၼ်ႈပေႃးဝႃႈ 'ကျိုင်းဟုံအစ သာကီယ၊ မိုးမိတ်အစ ကျိုင်းဟုံက' ၼႆယူႇ။ ပွင်ႇဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ဢၼ်ဢွၼ်တႄႇ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ၊ ၶုၼ်မိူင်းမိတ်ႈသမ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈမႃးၼႆ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ မၢၼ်ႈၸိူဝ်းယူႇပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ႁၼ်ထိုင်ၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ တၼ်းမီး 42 ၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်မီးၼႂ်း ၸႄႈတွၼ်ႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ၶုၼ်သုပႃႇႁု ၸိုဝ်ႈၸုမ်ႈ မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇပွတ်းၵၢင် မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး တင်းၼွင်ႉၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ၽတ်ႉတသေႇၼ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ပႆလိၼ်မႃးသေ မႃးတင်ႈဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပဵၼ်ၽြႃးမႃးငႆၢႈငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်တူၼ်ၼႆႉ ႁုပ်ႈဢဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်း ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ်ၽွင်းငမ်း ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၽွင်ႈသေ ၽွင်းငမ်းပႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ တႄႇဢဝ်ၼၼ်ႉမႃး ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ &quot;ဝဵင်းလူင်ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ&quot;၊{{Ref|1}} တိူင်းၵၼ်ႇထႃႇရ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇမႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ ၅၁။&lt;/ref&gt;

ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၶဝ်တႄႉ 1. သုပႃႇႁု သမ်ႉလိုဝ်းလင်ဝႃႈ မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ၊ 2. ၽတ်ႉတသေႇၼ ၼွင်ႉ ၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ 3.ၸၼ်ႇတိမႃရႃႇၸႃႇ လၢၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ 4. သီႇရိ ၸၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 5. သူရိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 6. ဢိၼ်ႇတတေႇဝႃႇရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 7. သူႇရိယဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 8. သေႃးၸေႇယရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 9. ၼၼ်ႇတရႃႇ ၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 10. ဢုပၼၼ်ႇတ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 11. သုထၼုရႃႇ ၸႃႇ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 12. ဢုၵ်ႉၵဝမ်ႇသ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 13. ၸယသေႇၼ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 14. ထမ်ႇမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 15. ဝိသုရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈ ၸၢႆး 16. မႁႃႇဝိၸိတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 17. တိသမ်ႇၽရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 18. ပရိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 19. ၵလျႃႇၼဝမ်ႇသ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 20. သၵလရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 21. ၼရပရမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 22. သီႇရိပတုမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 23. ဢိၼ်ႇတၵုမႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 24. ဢုၵ်ႉၵပလရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 25. သီႇရိတေဝႃႇ ၼၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 26. ထမ်ႇမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 27. ဢႃႇတိတ်ႉၸဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ တႄႇၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵႂႃႇ တင်းမူတ်းမီး 42 ၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။   

တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇၼၼ်ႉမႃး ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလိုၼ်းသုတ်း တူၼ်ဢၼ်ထူၼ်ႈသီႇသိပ်းသွင်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးၸဝ်ႈမႁႃႇၼွႆႉ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၽွင်းငမ်းႁၢင်ႈႁေႃ 86 ပီ။ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈပီ မႁႃႇသၵ်းၵရၢတ်ႉ 122 သေ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ တိုၵ်ႉမီးၼႂ်း 58 မႅၼ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇ ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းၼၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးႁဝ်း ပေႃးမႃးၵိုၼ်းဝႆႉ ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇ ၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်း၊ ၼမ်ႉၶူင်း၊ ၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ  62-64.&lt;/ref&gt;

ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ မီးလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးႁႃႈၸဝ်ႈ။ သိူဝ်ႁူမ်ႇၾႃႉ၊ သိူဝ်ႁႆၢးၾႃႉ၊ သိူဝ်ဢွၼ်ႇၾႃႉ၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵၢပ်ႇ၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵႅၼ်ႇၼႆ ႁႃႈၸဝ်ႈယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈပီသႃႇသၼႃႇလႆႈ 38 မွၵ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈဢဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် တႂ်ႈၽွင်းငမ်းမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ် လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ။ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးလူင် သိူဝ်ႁူမ်ႇၾႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ပၼ်ၽွင်းငမ်းမိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ သိူဝ်ႁႆၢးၾႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ပၼ်မိူင်းၵွင်၊ သိူဝ်ဢွၼ်ႇၾႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်မိူင်းယၢင်း၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵၢပ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ် မိူင်းလႅမ်း၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵႅၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်မိူင်းဝၼ်း၊ ၸဝ်ႈၼွင်ႉၽွင်းမိူင်း ၸဝ်ႈၶမ်းယွတ်ႈသမ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်ၵွင်းၸၢင်ႇ/ၵွင်းၸၢင်ႉ၊ ၶုၼ်မုၼ်လူင် လုၵ်ႈၽွင်းမိူင်းၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်ၵႂၢၼ်တူင်ႇသေ ၸႂ်ႉၽွင်းငမ်း မိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ်ၵၼ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Ibid. pp. 62-64&lt;/ref&gt;

ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၼႆႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ မိူင်း ၵွင်း၊ မိူင်းယၢင်း၊ မိူင်းလႅမ်း၊ မိူင်းဝၼ်း၊ ၵွင်းၸၢင်ႇ/ၵွင်းၸၢင်ႉ၊ ၵႂၢၼ် တူင်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ တႄႇတင်ႈမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ 38 မွၵ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇ ပုၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇယဝ်ႉ။

ၸဝ်ႈသိူဝ်ႁူမ်ႇၾႃႉၼႆႉ မီးၼၢင်းၶၢင်းႁေႃသွင်ၵေႃႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမႅတ်ႈလ လႄႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းၶမ်းၵျႃႇႁိူဝ်ႈ (ခန်းကြာဟေး) ၼႆ သွင်ၵေႃႉယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းသွင်ၵေႃႉၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်ၼင်ႇၵၼ်သေ ၵေႃႉပီႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမႅတ်ႈလၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းၸုမ်ႈလူင် ၼႆယူႇ။ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းၸုမ်ႈလူင် ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမႅတ်ႈလၼႆႉ သမ်ႉမီး လုၵ်ႈယိင်း ဢၼ်လႆႈၸိုဝ်ႈဝႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမျႃႉဝတီႇၼႆၵေႃႉၼိုင်ႈ။ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမျႃႉဝတီႇၼႆႉ ယွၼ်ႉမၼ်းၼၢင်းႁၢင်ႈလီၼႃႇလႄႈ ၶုၼ်ၶိူဝ်းပိဝ်ႇ တွတ်ႈတႃပွင်ႇ (ဒွတ္တပေါင်)၊ မိူင်းပျီႇ ၸင်ႇဢဝ်တင်း ၶွင်တွၼ်ႈငိုၼ်းၶမ်းသေ ယွၼ်းၵူပ်ႉၵူႈ မၼ်းၼၢင်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ လႆႈမႃး ၼႂ်း 101 ပီ၊{{Ref|2}}  မႅၼ်ႈမွၵ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇ။ ဝၢႆးသေၵူပ်ႉၵူႈယဝ်ႉ ၵွပ်ႈမၼ်းၼၢင်း ႁၢင်ႈလီၵေႃႈ ႁၢင်ႈလီ၊  လႅတ်းသႅဝ်းၵေႃႈလႅတ်းသႅဝ်းၼႃႇလႄႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ႁၵ်ႉမၼ်းၼၢင်း လိူဝ်ၼၢင်းတၢင်ႇၵေႃႉၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉတႄႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႇဢမ်ႇၵႂႃႇထုၵ်ႇမဵၼ်ႈ ၼၢင်းၶၢင်းႁေႃတၢင်ႇၵေႃႉ၊ ၶီႈၵေႉႁေႈတႃ ၼိူဝ်မၼ်းၼၢင်းမႃးတႄႉတႄႉ။ လိုၼ်းသုတ်း ၶဝ်ၸင်ႇ ၶႃႉၶႆၢဝႃႈ မၼ်းၼၢင်း မီးၽိူဝ်ႉ၊ ပဵၼ်ၸိူဝ်ႉၶိူဝ်းဢမ်ႇလီၼႆသေ လဝ်ႈၼႄ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း၊ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၵေႃႈ ထွမ်ႇဢဝ်ၵႂၢမ်းၽိတ်း ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉသေ ႁေႃႈမၼ်းၼၢင်း ဢွၵ်ႇႁၢင်ႈႁေႃပႅတ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ႁူမ်ႈလုမ်း လၢင်းမၼ်းၼၢင်းသေ မိူဝ်ႈဢွၵ်ႇႁၢင်ႈႁေႃ မႃးထိုင်ဝဵင်းတႃႈလိူဝ်ႇ ႁိမ်းၽြႃးလူင် မႁႃႇမႅတ်ႈမုၼိၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၼၢင်းမႃးလဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈ တီႈၼၼ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ 72.&lt;/ref&gt;


==မၢႆတွင်း==
#{{note|1}}ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလူင် ၽွင်းငမ်းမႃး 500 ပီပႆၢပႆၢ။ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သမ်ႉ တၼ်းမီးၵႂႃႇ 42 သိုပ်ႇ၊ လၵ်းထၢၼ်ဝဵင်းၵဝ်ႇၼႆႉ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ၵူၺ်းၵိုတ်းၶူးဝဵင်း ဢၼ်တၢင်းလိုၵ်ႉ မီး 10 သွၵ်ႇ၊ တၢင်းၵႂၢင်ႈ 15 သွၵ်ႇ၊ ၽၵ်းတူ 12 သွၵ်ႇ၊ လႄႈ ၵိုတ်းဢၼ်ၵဝ်ႇဢၼ်မွၼ်ဢိတ်းဢီႈ၊ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ထိူၼ်ႇ ပဵၼ်ယုမ်းၶိူဝ်းၵႂႃႇမူတ်းယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။
#{{note|2}}ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၵွင်းမူးၼၼ်ႉ ဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 103 ၼီႈၼႆ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလၢတ်ႈၼႄပႃး လွင်ႈဝႃႈ ၼႂ်းပေႇႁူမၼ်းၼၢင်းၼၼ်ႉ ပႃးထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈဝႆႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈပွၵ်ႈၼိုင်ႈ ယွၼ်ႉထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၵ်ႇငဝ်းမႃးလႄႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းၸႂ်ၵူတ်ႉၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇၶႃႉၶႆၢဝႃႈ မၼ်းၼၢင်းမီးၽိူဝ်ႉ၊ ပဵၼ်ၸိူဝ်ႉၶိူဝ်းဢမ်ႇလီၼႆယူႇ။ 

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လိူဝ်သေ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁူႉဝႃႈ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ၶိူဝ်းသၵျၶဝ် ၵေႃႉမႃးဢွၼ်ပူၵ်းတင်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် ၵႂၢမ်းမၢၼ်ႈပေႃးဝႃႈ 'ကျိုင်းဟုံအစ သာကီယ၊ မိုးမိတ်အစ ကျိုင်းဟုံက' ၼႆယူႇ။ ပွင်ႇဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ဢၼ်ဢွၼ်တႄႇ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ၊ ၶုၼ်မိူင်းမိတ်ႈသမ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈမႃးၼႆ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ မၢၼ်ႈၸိူဝ်းယူႇပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ႁၼ်ထိုင်ၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ တၼ်းမီး 42 ၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်မီးၼႂ်း ၸႄႈတွၼ်ႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ၶုၼ်သုပႃႇႁု ၸိုဝ်ႈၸုမ်ႈ မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇပွတ်းၵၢင် မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး တင်းၼွင်ႉၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ၽတ်ႉတသေႇၼ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ပႆလိၼ်မႃးသေ မႃးတင်ႈဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပဵၼ်ၽြႃးမႃးငႆၢႈငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်တူၼ်ၼႆႉ ႁုပ်ႈဢဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်း ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ်ၽွင်းငမ်း ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၽွင်ႈသေ ၽွင်းငမ်းပႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ တႄႇဢဝ်ၼၼ်ႉမႃး ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ &quot;ဝဵင်းလူင်ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ&quot;၊{{Ref|1}} တိူင်းၵၼ်ႇထႃႇရ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇမႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ ၅၁။&lt;/ref&gt;

ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၶဝ်တႄႉ 1. သုပႃႇႁု သမ်ႉလိုဝ်းလင်ဝႃႈ မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ၊ 2. ၽတ်ႉတသေႇၼ ၼွင်ႉ ၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ 3.ၸၼ်ႇတိမႃရႃႇၸႃႇ လၢၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ 4. သီႇရိ ၸၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 5. သူရိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 6. ဢိၼ်ႇတတေႇဝႃႇရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 7. သူႇရိယဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 8. သေႃးၸေႇယရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 9. ၼၼ်ႇတရႃႇ ၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 10. ဢုပၼၼ်ႇတ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 11. သုထၼုရႃႇ ၸႃႇ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 12. ဢုၵ်ႉၵဝမ်ႇသ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 13. ၸယသေႇၼ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 14. ထမ်ႇမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 15. ဝိသုရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈ ၸၢႆး 16. မႁႃႇဝိၸိတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 17. တိသမ်ႇၽရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 18. ပရိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 19. ၵလျႃႇၼဝမ်ႇသ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 20. သၵလရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 21. ၼရပရမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 22. သီႇရိပတုမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 23. ဢိၼ်ႇတၵုမႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 24. ဢုၵ်ႉၵပလရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 25. သီႇရိတေဝႃႇ ၼၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 26. ထမ်ႇမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 27. ဢႃႇတိတ်ႉၸဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ တႄႇၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵႂႃႇ တင်းမူတ်းမီး 42 ၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။   

တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇၼၼ်ႉမႃး ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလိုၼ်းသုတ်း တူၼ်ဢၼ်ထူၼ်ႈသီႇသိပ်းသွင်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးၸဝ်ႈမႁႃႇၼွႆႉ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၽွင်းငမ်းႁၢင်ႈႁေႃ 86 ပီ။ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈပီ မႁႃႇသၵ်းၵရၢတ်ႉ 122 သေ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ တိုၵ်ႉမီးၼႂ်း 58 မႅၼ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇ ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းၼၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးႁဝ်း ပေႃးမႃးၵိုၼ်းဝႆႉ ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇ ၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်း၊ ၼမ်ႉၶူင်း၊ ၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ  62-64.&lt;/ref&gt;

ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ မီးလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးႁႃႈၸဝ်ႈ။ သိူဝ်ႁူမ်ႇၾႃႉ၊ သိူဝ်ႁႆၢးၾႃႉ၊ သိူဝ်ဢွၼ်ႇၾႃႉ၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵၢပ်ႇ၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵႅၼ်ႇၼႆ ႁႃႈၸဝ်ႈယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈပီသႃႇသၼႃႇလႆႈ 38 မွၵ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈဢဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် တႂ်ႈၽွင်းငမ်းမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ် လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ။ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးလူင် သိူဝ်ႁူမ်ႇၾႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ပၼ်ၽွင်းငမ်းမိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ သိူဝ်ႁႆၢးၾႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ပၼ်မိူင်းၵွင်၊ သိူဝ်ဢွၼ်ႇၾႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်မိူင်းယၢင်း၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵၢပ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ် မိူင်းလႅမ်း၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵႅၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်မိူင်းဝၼ်း၊ ၸဝ်ႈၼွင်ႉၽွင်းမိူင်း ၸဝ်ႈၶမ်းယွတ်ႈသမ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်ၵွင်းၸၢင်ႇ/ၵွင်းၸၢင်ႉ၊ ၶုၼ်မုၼ်လူင် လုၵ်ႈၽွင်းမိူင်းၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်ၵႂၢၼ်တူင်ႇသေ ၸႂ်ႉၽွင်းငမ်း မိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ်ၵၼ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Ibid. pp. 62-64&lt;/ref&gt;

ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၼႆႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ မိူင်း ၵွင်း၊ မိူင်းယၢင်း၊ မိူင်းလႅမ်း၊ မိူင်းဝၼ်း၊ ၵွင်းၸၢင်ႇ/ၵွင်းၸၢင်ႉ၊ ၵႂၢၼ် တူင်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ တႄႇတင်ႈမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ 38 မွၵ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇ ပုၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇယဝ်ႉ။

ၸဝ်ႈသိူဝ်ႁူမ်ႇၾႃႉၼႆႉ မီးၼၢင်းၶၢင်းႁေႃသွင်ၵေႃႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမႅတ်ႈလ လႄႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းၶမ်းၵျႃႇႁိူဝ်ႈ (ခန်းကြာဟေး) ၼႆ သွင်ၵေႃႉယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းသွင်ၵေႃႉၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်ၼင်ႇၵၼ်သေ ၵေႃႉပီႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမႅတ်ႈလၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းၸုမ်ႈလူင် ၼႆယူႇ။ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းၸုမ်ႈလူင် ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမႅတ်ႈလၼႆႉ သမ်ႉမီး လုၵ်ႈယိင်း ဢၼ်လႆႈၸိုဝ်ႈဝႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမျႃႉဝတီႇၼႆၵေႃႉၼိုင်ႈ။ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမျႃႉဝတီႇၼႆႉ ယွၼ်ႉမၼ်းၼၢင်းႁၢင်ႈလီၼႃႇလႄႈ ၶုၼ်ၶိူဝ်းပိဝ်ႇ တွတ်ႈတႃပွင်ႇ (ဒွတ္တပေါင်)၊ မိူင်းပျီႇ ၸင်ႇဢဝ်တင်း ၶွင်တွၼ်ႈငိုၼ်းၶမ်းသေ ယွၼ်းၵူပ်ႉၵူႈ မၼ်းၼၢင်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ လႆႈမႃး ၼႂ်း 101 ပီ၊{{Ref|2}}  မႅၼ်ႈမွၵ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇ။ ဝၢႆးသေၵူပ်ႉၵူႈယဝ်ႉ ၵွပ်ႈမၼ်းၼၢင်း ႁၢင်ႈလီၵေႃႈ ႁၢင်ႈလီ၊  လႅတ်းသႅဝ်းၵေႃႈလႅတ်းသႅဝ်းၼႃႇလႄႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ႁၵ်ႉမၼ်းၼၢင်း လိူဝ်ၼၢင်းတၢင်ႇၵေႃႉၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉတႄႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႇဢမ်ႇၵႂႃႇထုၵ်ႇမဵၼ်ႈ ၼၢင်းၶၢင်းႁေႃတၢင်ႇၵေႃႉ၊ ၶီႈၵေႉႁေႈတႃ ၼိူဝ်မၼ်းၼၢင်းမႃးတႄႉတႄႉ။ လိုၼ်းသုတ်း ၶဝ်ၸင်ႇ ၶႃႉၶႆၢဝႃႈ မၼ်းၼၢင်း မီးၽိူဝ်ႉ၊ ပဵၼ်ၸိူဝ်ႉၶိူဝ်းဢမ်ႇလီၼႆသေ လဝ်ႈၼႄ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း၊ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၵေႃႈ ထွမ်ႇဢဝ်ၵႂၢမ်းၽိတ်း ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉသေ ႁေႃႈမၼ်းၼၢင်း ဢွၵ်ႇႁၢင်ႈႁေႃပႅတ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ႁူမ်ႈလုမ်း လၢင်းမၼ်းၼၢင်းသေ မိူဝ်ႈဢွၵ်ႇႁၢင်ႈႁေႃ မႃးထိုင်ဝဵင်းတႃႈလိူဝ်ႇ ႁိမ်းၽြႃးလူင် မႁႃႇမႅတ်ႈမုၼိၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၼၢင်းမႃးလဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈ တီႈၼၼ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ 72.&lt;/ref&gt;

ဝႆၢးသေလဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈယဝ်ႉ ၶူဝ်းငိုၼ်းၶူဝ်းၶမ်းလႄႈ ထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ပႃးမႃးၸွမ်း တီႈမိူင်းမိတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်တေပဵၼ် တီႈမႆၢတွင်း လဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈၼႆသေ ဢဝ်ထႃႇပၼႃႇ ၵေႃႇၵွင်းမူးဝႆႉၼေႃႇၼိုင်ႈ တီႈၼၼ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၵွင်းမူးၼႆႉ တင်းသုင်မၼ်း မီး 7 သွၵ်ႇပႆၢသွင်မိူၵ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸိုဝ်ႈၵွင်းမူးၼၼ်ႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ 'ၵွင်းမူးလဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈ' (သားတော်ရဘုရား) ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၼႆႉ ၽွင်းမိူဝ်ႈမၼ်းပဵၼ် ၸႂ်ဢမ်ႇလီ လွင်ႈလႆႈလိုပ်ႈႁေႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမျႃႉဝတီႇယူႇၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလႆႈငိၼ်းၶၢဝ်ႇဝႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းလဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈယဝ်ႉၼႆလႄႈ ၶႅၼ်း ပဵၼ်ဢၼ် ၸႂ်ထိုင်မၼ်းၼၢင်းၶိုၼ်း။ ၵမ်းၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၵေႃႈ ဢဝ်တင်းၵူၼ်းသိုၵ်းမၼ်းသေ ၶိုၼ်းမႃးၶႆႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမျႃႉဝတီႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၶဝ်ၸင်ႇမႃးၶိုတ်း တီႈဢၼ်မၼ်းၼၢင်း လဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ၸင်ႇလိုဝ်ႈႁိူဝ်ႉလိုဝ်ႈၸႂ် တီႈၽြႃးလူင် မႁႃႇမႅတ်ႈမုၼိၼႆႉ မွၵ်ႈလိူၼ်ၼိုင်ႈ၊ သမ်ႉဢဝ်လုပ်ႇၶီႈၶၢင်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ ထႃႇပၼႃႇဝႆႉသေ ၵေႃႇဝႆႉၵွင်းမူး 'ယွၼ်းတဵမ်' (ဆုတောင်းပြည့်ဘုရား) ဝႆႉထႅင်ႈ တီႈၼၼ်ႈ၊ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇႁွင်ႉမၼ်းၼၢင်း မိူဝ်းၵႂႃႇၶိုၼ်း မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ ၇၂.&lt;/ref&gt;

==မၢႆတွင်း==
#{{note|1}}ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလူင် ၽွင်းငမ်းမႃး 500 ပီပႆၢပႆၢ။ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သမ်ႉ တၼ်းမီးၵႂႃႇ 42 သိုပ်ႇ၊ လၵ်းထၢၼ်ဝဵင်းၵဝ်ႇၼႆႉ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ၵူၺ်းၵိုတ်းၶူးဝဵင်း ဢၼ်တၢင်းလိုၵ်ႉ မီး 10 သွၵ်ႇ၊ တၢင်းၵႂၢင်ႈ 15 သွၵ်ႇ၊ ၽၵ်းတူ 12 သွၵ်ႇ၊ လႄႈ ၵိုတ်းဢၼ်ၵဝ်ႇဢၼ်မွၼ်ဢိတ်းဢီႈ၊ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ထိူၼ်ႇ ပဵၼ်ယုမ်းၶိူဝ်းၵႂႃႇမူတ်းယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။
#{{note|2}}ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၵွင်းမူးၼၼ်ႉ ဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 103 ၼီႈၼႆ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလၢတ်ႈၼႄပႃး လွင်ႈဝႃႈ ၼႂ်းပေႇႁူမၼ်းၼၢင်းၼၼ်ႉ ပႃးထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈဝႆႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈပွၵ်ႈၼိုင်ႈ ယွၼ်ႉထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၵ်ႇငဝ်းမႃးလႄႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းၸႂ်ၵူတ်ႉၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇၶႃႉၶႆၢဝႃႈ မၼ်းၼၢင်းမီးၽိူဝ်ႉ၊ ပဵၼ်ၸိူဝ်ႉၶိူဝ်းဢမ်ႇလီၼႆယူႇ။ 

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လိူဝ်သေ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁူႉဝႃႈ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ၶိူဝ်းသၵျၶဝ် ၵေႃႉမႃးဢွၼ်ပူၵ်းတင်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် ၵႂၢမ်းမၢၼ်ႈပေႃးဝႃႈ 'ကျိုင်းဟုံအစ သာကီယ၊ မိုးမိတ်အစ ကျိုင်းဟုံက' ၼႆယူႇ။ ပွင်ႇဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ဢၼ်ဢွၼ်တႄႇ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ၊ ၶုၼ်မိူင်းမိတ်ႈသမ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈမႃးၼႆ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ မၢၼ်ႈၸိူဝ်းယူႇပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ႁၼ်ထိုင်ၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ တၼ်းမီး 42 ၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်မီးၼႂ်း ၸႄႈတွၼ်ႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ၶုၼ်သုပႃႇႁု ၸိုဝ်ႈၸုမ်ႈ မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇပွတ်းၵၢင် မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး တင်းၼွင်ႉၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ၽတ်ႉတသေႇၼ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ပႆလိၼ်မႃးသေ မႃးတင်ႈဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပဵၼ်ၽြႃးမႃးငႆၢႈငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်တူၼ်ၼႆႉ ႁုပ်ႈဢဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်း ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ်ၽွင်းငမ်း ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၽွင်ႈသေ ၽွင်းငမ်းပႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ တႄႇဢဝ်ၼၼ်ႉမႃး ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ &quot;ဝဵင်းလူင်ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ&quot;၊{{Ref|1}} တိူင်းၵၼ်ႇထႃႇရ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇမႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ 51.&lt;/ref&gt;

ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၶဝ်တႄႉ 1. သုပႃႇႁု သမ်ႉလိုဝ်းလင်ဝႃႈ မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ၊ 2. ၽတ်ႉတသေႇၼ ၼွင်ႉ ၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ 3.ၸၼ်ႇတိမႃရႃႇၸႃႇ လၢၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ 4. သီႇရိ ၸၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 5. သူရိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 6. ဢိၼ်ႇတတေႇဝႃႇရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 7. သူႇရိယဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 8. သေႃးၸေႇယရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 9. ၼၼ်ႇတရႃႇ ၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 10. ဢုပၼၼ်ႇတ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 11. သုထၼုရႃႇ ၸႃႇ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 12. ဢုၵ်ႉၵဝမ်ႇသ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 13. ၸယသေႇၼ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 14. ထမ်ႇမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 15. ဝိသုရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈ ၸၢႆး 16. မႁႃႇဝိၸိတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 17. တိသမ်ႇၽရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 18. ပရိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 19. ၵလျႃႇၼဝမ်ႇသ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 20. သၵလရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 21. ၼရပရမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 22. သီႇရိပတုမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 23. ဢိၼ်ႇတၵုမႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 24. ဢုၵ်ႉၵပလရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 25. သီႇရိတေဝႃႇ ၼၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 26. ထမ်ႇမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 27. ဢႃႇတိတ်ႉၸဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ တႄႇၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵႂႃႇ တင်းမူတ်းမီး 42 ၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။   

တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇၼၼ်ႉမႃး ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလိုၼ်းသုတ်း တူၼ်ဢၼ်ထူၼ်ႈသီႇသိပ်းသွင်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးၸဝ်ႈမႁႃႇၼွႆႉ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၽွင်းငမ်းႁၢင်ႈႁေႃ 86 ပီ။ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈပီ မႁႃႇသၵ်းၵရၢတ်ႉ 122 သေ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ တိုၵ်ႉမီးၼႂ်း 58 မႅၼ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇ ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းၼၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးႁဝ်း ပေႃးမႃးၵိုၼ်းဝႆႉ ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇ ၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်း၊ ၼမ်ႉၶူင်း၊ ၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ  62-64.&lt;/ref&gt;

ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ မီးလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးႁႃႈၸဝ်ႈ။ သိူဝ်ႁူမ်ႇၾႃႉ၊ သိူဝ်ႁႆၢးၾႃႉ၊ သိူဝ်ဢွၼ်ႇၾႃႉ၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵၢပ်ႇ၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵႅၼ်ႇၼႆ ႁႃႈၸဝ်ႈယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈပီသႃႇသၼႃႇလႆႈ 38 မွၵ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈဢဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် တႂ်ႈၽွင်းငမ်းမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ် လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ။ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးလူင် သိူဝ်ႁူမ်ႇၾႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ပၼ်ၽွင်းငမ်းမိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ သိူဝ်ႁႆၢးၾႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ပၼ်မိူင်းၵွင်၊ သိူဝ်ဢွၼ်ႇၾႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်မိူင်းယၢင်း၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵၢပ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ် မိူင်းလႅမ်း၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵႅၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်မိူင်းဝၼ်း၊ ၸဝ်ႈၼွင်ႉၽွင်းမိူင်း ၸဝ်ႈၶမ်းယွတ်ႈသမ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်ၵွင်းၸၢင်ႇ/ၵွင်းၸၢင်ႉ၊ ၶုၼ်မုၼ်လူင် လုၵ်ႈၽွင်းမိူင်းၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်ၵႂၢၼ်တူင်ႇသေ ၸႂ်ႉၽွင်းငမ်း မိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ်ၵၼ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Ibid. pp. 62-64.&lt;/ref&gt;

ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၼႆႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ မိူင်း ၵွင်း၊ မိူင်းယၢင်း၊ မိူင်းလႅမ်း၊ မိူင်းဝၼ်း၊ ၵွင်းၸၢင်ႇ/ၵွင်းၸၢင်ႉ၊ ၵႂၢၼ် တူင်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ တႄႇတင်ႈမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ 38 မွၵ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇ ပုၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇယဝ်ႉ။

ၸဝ်ႈသိူဝ်ႁူမ်ႇၾႃႉၼႆႉ မီးၼၢင်းၶၢင်းႁေႃသွင်ၵေႃႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမႅတ်ႈလ လႄႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းၶမ်းၵျႃႇႁိူဝ်ႈ (ခန်းကြာဟေး) ၼႆ သွင်ၵေႃႉယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းသွင်ၵေႃႉၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်ၼင်ႇၵၼ်သေ ၵေႃႉပီႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမႅတ်ႈလၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းၸုမ်ႈလူင် ၼႆယူႇ။ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းၸုမ်ႈလူင် ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမႅတ်ႈလၼႆႉ သမ်ႉမီး လုၵ်ႈယိင်း ဢၼ်လႆႈၸိုဝ်ႈဝႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမျႃႉဝတီႇၼႆၵေႃႉၼိုင်ႈ။ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမျႃႉဝတီႇၼႆႉ ယွၼ်ႉမၼ်းၼၢင်းႁၢင်ႈလီၼႃႇလႄႈ ၶုၼ်ၶိူဝ်းပိဝ်ႇ တွတ်ႈတႃပွင်ႇ (ဒွတ္တပေါင်)၊ မိူင်းပျီႇ ၸင်ႇဢဝ်တင်း ၶွင်တွၼ်ႈငိုၼ်းၶမ်းသေ ယွၼ်းၵူပ်ႉၵူႈ မၼ်းၼၢင်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ လႆႈမႃး ၼႂ်း 101 ပီ၊{{Ref|2}}  မႅၼ်ႈမွၵ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇ။ ဝၢႆးသေၵူပ်ႉၵူႈယဝ်ႉ ၵွပ်ႈမၼ်းၼၢင်း ႁၢင်ႈလီၵေႃႈ ႁၢင်ႈလီ၊  လႅတ်းသႅဝ်းၵေႃႈလႅတ်းသႅဝ်းၼႃႇလႄႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ႁၵ်ႉမၼ်းၼၢင်း လိူဝ်ၼၢင်းတၢင်ႇၵေႃႉၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉတႄႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႇဢမ်ႇၵႂႃႇထုၵ်ႇမဵၼ်ႈ ၼၢင်းၶၢင်းႁေႃတၢင်ႇၵေႃႉ၊ ၶီႈၵေႉႁေႈတႃ ၼိူဝ်မၼ်းၼၢင်းမႃးတႄႉတႄႉ။ လိုၼ်းသုတ်း ၶဝ်ၸင်ႇ ၶႃႉၶႆၢဝႃႈ မၼ်းၼၢင်း မီးၽိူဝ်ႉ၊ ပဵၼ်ၸိူဝ်ႉၶိူဝ်းဢမ်ႇလီၼႆသေ လဝ်ႈၼႄ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း၊ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၵေႃႈ ထွမ်ႇဢဝ်ၵႂၢမ်းၽိတ်း ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉသေ ႁေႃႈမၼ်းၼၢင်း ဢွၵ်ႇႁၢင်ႈႁေႃပႅတ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ႁူမ်ႈလုမ်း လၢင်းမၼ်းၼၢင်းသေ မိူဝ်ႈဢွၵ်ႇႁၢင်ႈႁေႃ မႃးထိုင်ဝဵင်းတႃႈလိူဝ်ႇ ႁိမ်းၽြႃးလူင် မႁႃႇမႅတ်ႈမုၼိၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၼၢင်းမႃးလဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈ တီႈၼၼ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ 72.&lt;/ref&gt;

ဝႆၢးသေလဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈယဝ်ႉ ၶူဝ်းငိုၼ်းၶူဝ်းၶမ်းလႄႈ ထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ပႃးမႃးၸွမ်း တီႈမိူင်းမိတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်တေပဵၼ် တီႈမႆၢတွင်း လဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈၼႆသေ ဢဝ်ထႃႇပၼႃႇ ၵေႃႇၵွင်းမူးဝႆႉၼေႃႇၼိုင်ႈ တီႈၼၼ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၵွင်းမူးၼႆႉ တင်းသုင်မၼ်း မီး 7 သွၵ်ႇပႆၢသွင်မိူၵ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸိုဝ်ႈၵွင်းမူးၼၼ်ႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ 'ၵွင်းမူးလဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈ' (သားတော်ရဘုရား) ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၼႆႉ ၽွင်းမိူဝ်ႈမၼ်းပဵၼ် ၸႂ်ဢမ်ႇလီ လွင်ႈလႆႈလိုပ်ႈႁေႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမျႃႉဝတီႇယူႇၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလႆႈငိၼ်းၶၢဝ်ႇဝႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းလဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈယဝ်ႉၼႆလႄႈ ၶႅၼ်း ပဵၼ်ဢၼ် ၸႂ်ထိုင်မၼ်းၼၢင်းၶိုၼ်း။ ၵမ်းၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၵေႃႈ ဢဝ်တင်းၵူၼ်းသိုၵ်းမၼ်းသေ ၶိုၼ်းမႃးၶႆႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမျႃႉဝတီႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၶဝ်ၸင်ႇမႃးၶိုတ်း တီႈဢၼ်မၼ်းၼၢင်း လဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ၸင်ႇလိုဝ်ႈႁိူဝ်ႉလိုဝ်ႈၸႂ် တီႈၽြႃးလူင် မႁႃႇမႅတ်ႈမုၼိၼႆႉ မွၵ်ႈလိူၼ်ၼိုင်ႈ၊ သမ်ႉဢဝ်လုပ်ႇၶီႈၶၢင်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ ထႃႇပၼႃႇဝႆႉသေ ၵေႃႇဝႆႉၵွင်းမူး 'ယွၼ်းတဵမ်' (ဆုတောင်းပြည့်ဘုရား) ဝႆႉထႅင်ႈ တီႈၼၼ်ႈ၊ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇႁွင်ႉမၼ်းၼၢင်း မိူဝ်းၵႂႃႇၶိုၼ်း မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ ၇၂.&lt;/ref&gt;

ပေႃးမႃးတူၺ်း ပိုၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမျႃႉဝတီႇ ၵေႃႇၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၸိုင် ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းၶဝ်ၼႆႉ တိုၼ်းပဵၼ်ၵူၼ်းယုမ်ႇယမ်ၼပ်ႉထိုဝ် သႃႇသၼႃႇယူႇၼႆၼၼ်ႉ ၸႅင်ႈလႅင်းယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ပူႇမွၼ်ႇၼႆၢးယႃႈ မၼ်းၼၢင်းပၢၼ်သိုပ်ႇပၢၼ် ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ၶိူဝ်းသၵျသေမႃးလႄႈ ၶဝ်တေပဵၼ် ၽူႈၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇယူႇၼႆၼၼ်ႉ ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈလႆႈထၢင်ႇထိူမ်။

ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်းတႆး မိူဝ်ႈၵွၼ်ႇဝႃႈၵေႃႈ &quot;ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇလွၼ်ႉၵီႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၵူၼ်း မွၵ်ႈ 300 ပီပႆၢပႆၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ၶိူဝ်းသၵျၶဝ် ပေႃးမႃးၽွင်းငမ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆးၼႆႉဝႆႉယဝ်ႉ&quot; ၼႆယူႇ။&lt;ref&gt;Ibid, p. 33-34.&lt;/ref&gt;


==မၢႆတွင်း==
#{{note|1}}ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလူင် ၽွင်းငမ်းမႃး 500 ပီပႆၢပႆၢ။ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သမ်ႉ တၼ်းမီးၵႂႃႇ 42 သိုပ်ႇ၊ လၵ်းထၢၼ်ဝဵင်းၵဝ်ႇၼႆႉ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ၵူၺ်းၵိုတ်းၶူးဝဵင်း ဢၼ်တၢင်းလိုၵ်ႉ မီး 10 သွၵ်ႇ၊ တၢင်းၵႂၢင်ႈ 15 သွၵ်ႇ၊ ၽၵ်းတူ 12 သွၵ်ႇ၊ လႄႈ ၵိုတ်းဢၼ်ၵဝ်ႇဢၼ်မွၼ်ဢိတ်းဢီႈ၊ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ထိူၼ်ႇ ပဵၼ်ယုမ်းၶိူဝ်းၵႂႃႇမူတ်းယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။
#{{note|2}}ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၵွင်းမူးၼၼ်ႉ ဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 103 ၼီႈၼႆ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလၢတ်ႈၼႄပႃး လွင်ႈဝႃႈ ၼႂ်းပေႇႁူမၼ်းၼၢင်းၼၼ်ႉ ပႃးထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈဝႆႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈပွၵ်ႈၼိုင်ႈ ယွၼ်ႉထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၵ်ႇငဝ်းမႃးလႄႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းၸႂ်ၵူတ်ႉၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇၶႃႉၶႆၢဝႃႈ မၼ်းၼၢင်းမီးၽိူဝ်ႉ၊ ပဵၼ်ၸိူဝ်ႉၶိူဝ်းဢမ်ႇလီၼႆယူႇ။ 

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| title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး
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လိူဝ်သေ မိူင်းတႃႈၵွင် ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁူႉဝႃႈ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ၶိူဝ်းသၵျၶဝ် ၵေႃႉမႃးဢွၼ်ပူၵ်းတင်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် ၵႂၢမ်းမၢၼ်ႈပေႃးဝႃႈ 'ကျိုင်းဟုံအစ သာကီယ၊ မိုးမိတ်အစ ကျိုင်းဟုံက' ၼႆယူႇ။ ပွင်ႇဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ဢၼ်ဢွၼ်တႄႇ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သၵျ၊ ၶုၼ်မိူင်းမိတ်ႈသမ်ႉ လုၵ်ႉတီႈဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈမႃးၼႆ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ မၢၼ်ႈၸိူဝ်းယူႇပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ႁၼ်ထိုင်ၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ တၼ်းမီး 42 ၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်မီးၼႂ်း ၸႄႈတွၼ်ႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ၶုၼ်သုပႃႇႁု ၸိုဝ်ႈၸုမ်ႈ မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇပွတ်းၵၢင် မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး တင်းၼွင်ႉၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ၽတ်ႉတသေႇၼ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ပႆလိၼ်မႃးသေ မႃးတင်ႈဝဵင်းၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပဵၼ်ၽြႃးမႃးငႆၢႈငၢႆႈၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်တူၼ်ၼႆႉ ႁုပ်ႈဢဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်း ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ်ၽွင်းငမ်း ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၽွင်ႈသေ ၽွင်းငမ်းပႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ တႄႇဢဝ်ၼၼ်ႉမႃး ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ &quot;ဝဵင်းလူင်ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ&quot;၊{{Ref|1}} တိူင်းၵၼ်ႇထႃႇရ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇမႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ 51.&lt;/ref&gt;

ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၶဝ်တႄႉ 1. သုပႃႇႁု သမ်ႉလိုဝ်းလင်ဝႃႈ မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ၊ 2. ၽတ်ႉတသေႇၼ ၼွင်ႉ ၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ 3.ၸၼ်ႇတိမႃရႃႇၸႃႇ လၢၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ 4. သီႇရိ ၸၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 5. သူရိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 6. ဢိၼ်ႇတတေႇဝႃႇရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 7. သူႇရိယဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 8. သေႃးၸေႇယရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 9. ၼၼ်ႇတရႃႇ ၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 10. ဢုပၼၼ်ႇတ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 11. သုထၼုရႃႇ ၸႃႇ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 12. ဢုၵ်ႉၵဝမ်ႇသ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 13. ၸယသေႇၼ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 14. ထမ်ႇမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 15. ဝိသုရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈ ၸၢႆး 16. မႁႃႇဝိၸိတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 17. တိသမ်ႇၽရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 18. ပရိၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 19. ၵလျႃႇၼဝမ်ႇသ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 20. သၵလရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 21. ၼရပရမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 22. သီႇရိပတုမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 23. ဢိၼ်ႇတၵုမႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 24. ဢုၵ်ႉၵပလရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 25. သီႇရိတေဝႃႇ ၼၼ်ႇတရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 26. ထမ်ႇမရႃႇၸႃႇလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး 27. ဢႃႇတိတ်ႉၸဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇ တႄႇၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵႂႃႇ တင်းမူတ်းမီး 42 ၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။   

တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသရႃႇၸႃႇၼၼ်ႉမႃး ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလိုၼ်းသုတ်း တူၼ်ဢၼ်ထူၼ်ႈသီႇသိပ်းသွင်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးၸဝ်ႈမႁႃႇၼွႆႉ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၽွင်းငမ်းႁၢင်ႈႁေႃ 86 ပီ။ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈပီ မႁႃႇသၵ်းၵရၢတ်ႉ 122 သေ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ တိုၵ်ႉမီးၼႂ်း 58 မႅၼ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇ ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းၼၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးႁဝ်း ပေႃးမႃးၵိုၼ်းဝႆႉ ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇ ၼမ်ႉမၢဝ်း၊ ၼမ်ႉၶူင်း၊ ၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ  62-64.&lt;/ref&gt;

ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ မီးလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးႁႃႈၸဝ်ႈ။ သိူဝ်ႁူမ်ႇၾႃႉ၊ သိူဝ်ႁႆၢးၾႃႉ၊ သိူဝ်ဢွၼ်ႇၾႃႉ၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵၢပ်ႇ၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵႅၼ်ႇၼႆ ႁႃႈၸဝ်ႈယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈပီသႃႇသၼႃႇလႆႈ 38 မွၵ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈဢဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် တႂ်ႈၽွင်းငမ်းမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ် လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ။ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးလူင် သိူဝ်ႁူမ်ႇၾႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ပၼ်ၽွင်းငမ်းမိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ သိူဝ်ႁႆၢးၾႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ပၼ်မိူင်းၵွင်၊ သိူဝ်ဢွၼ်ႇၾႃႉၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်မိူင်းယၢင်း၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵၢပ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ် မိူင်းလႅမ်း၊ သိူဝ်ႁူဝ်ၵႅၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်မိူင်းဝၼ်း၊ ၸဝ်ႈၼွင်ႉၽွင်းမိူင်း ၸဝ်ႈၶမ်းယွတ်ႈသမ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်ၵွင်းၸၢင်ႇ/ၵွင်းၸၢင်ႉ၊ ၶုၼ်မုၼ်လူင် လုၵ်ႈၽွင်းမိူင်းၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢပ်ႈပၼ်ၵႂၢၼ်တူင်ႇသေ ၸႂ်ႉၽွင်းငမ်း မိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ်ၵၼ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Ibid. pp. 62-64.&lt;/ref&gt;

ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၼႆႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းမိတ်ႈ၊ မိူင်း ၵွင်း၊ မိူင်းယၢင်း၊ မိူင်းလႅမ်း၊ မိူင်းဝၼ်း၊ ၵွင်းၸၢင်ႇ/ၵွင်းၸၢင်ႉ၊ ၵႂၢၼ် တူင်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ တႄႇတင်ႈမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ 38 မွၵ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇ ပုၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇယဝ်ႉ။

ၸဝ်ႈသိူဝ်ႁူမ်ႇၾႃႉၼႆႉ မီးၼၢင်းၶၢင်းႁေႃသွင်ၵေႃႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမႅတ်ႈလ လႄႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းၶမ်းၵျႃႇႁိူဝ်ႈ (ခန်းကြာဟေး) ၼႆ သွင်ၵေႃႉယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းသွင်ၵေႃႉၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်ၼင်ႇၵၼ်သေ ၵေႃႉပီႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမႅတ်ႈလၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းၸုမ်ႈလူင် ၼႆယူႇ။ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းၸုမ်ႈလူင် ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမႅတ်ႈလၼႆႉ သမ်ႉမီး လုၵ်ႈယိင်း ဢၼ်လႆႈၸိုဝ်ႈဝႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမျႃႉဝတီႇၼႆၵေႃႉၼိုင်ႈ။ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမျႃႉဝတီႇၼႆႉ ယွၼ်ႉမၼ်းၼၢင်းႁၢင်ႈလီၼႃႇလႄႈ ၶုၼ်ၶိူဝ်းပိဝ်ႇ တွတ်ႈတႃပွင်ႇ (ဒွတ္တပေါင်)၊ မိူင်းပျီႇ ၸင်ႇဢဝ်တင်း ၶွင်တွၼ်ႈငိုၼ်းၶမ်းသေ ယွၼ်းၵူပ်ႉၵူႈ မၼ်းၼၢင်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ လႆႈမႃး ၼႂ်း 101 ပီ၊{{Ref|2}}  မႅၼ်ႈမွၵ်ႈၼႂ်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 4 ပီႇၸီႇ။ ဝၢႆးသေၵူပ်ႉၵူႈယဝ်ႉ ၵွပ်ႈမၼ်းၼၢင်း ႁၢင်ႈလီၵေႃႈ ႁၢင်ႈလီ၊  လႅတ်းသႅဝ်းၵေႃႈလႅတ်းသႅဝ်းၼႃႇလႄႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ႁၵ်ႉမၼ်းၼၢင်း လိူဝ်ၼၢင်းတၢင်ႇၵေႃႉၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉတႄႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႇဢမ်ႇၵႂႃႇထုၵ်ႇမဵၼ်ႈ ၼၢင်းၶၢင်းႁေႃတၢင်ႇၵေႃႉ၊ ၶီႈၵေႉႁေႈတႃ ၼိူဝ်မၼ်းၼၢင်းမႃးတႄႉတႄႉ။ လိုၼ်းသုတ်း ၶဝ်ၸင်ႇ ၶႃႉၶႆၢဝႃႈ မၼ်းၼၢင်း မီးၽိူဝ်ႉ၊ ပဵၼ်ၸိူဝ်ႉၶိူဝ်းဢမ်ႇလီၼႆသေ လဝ်ႈၼႄ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း၊ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၵေႃႈ ထွမ်ႇဢဝ်ၵႂၢမ်းၽိတ်း ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉသေ ႁေႃႈမၼ်းၼၢင်း ဢွၵ်ႇႁၢင်ႈႁေႃပႅတ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ႁူမ်ႈလုမ်း လၢင်းမၼ်းၼၢင်းသေ မိူဝ်ႈဢွၵ်ႇႁၢင်ႈႁေႃ မႃးထိုင်ဝဵင်းတႃႈလိူဝ်ႇ ႁိမ်းၽြႃးလူင် မႁႃႇမႅတ်ႈမုၼိၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၼၢင်းမႃးလဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈ တီႈၼၼ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ 72.&lt;/ref&gt;

ဝႆၢးသေလဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈယဝ်ႉ ၶူဝ်းငိုၼ်းၶူဝ်းၶမ်းလႄႈ ထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ပႃးမႃးၸွမ်း တီႈမိူင်းမိတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်တေပဵၼ် တီႈမႆၢတွင်း လဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈၼႆသေ ဢဝ်ထႃႇပၼႃႇ ၵေႃႇၵွင်းမူးဝႆႉၼေႃႇၼိုင်ႈ တီႈၼၼ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၵွင်းမူးၼႆႉ တင်းသုင်မၼ်း မီး 7 သွၵ်ႇပႆၢသွင်မိူၵ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸိုဝ်ႈၵွင်းမူးၼၼ်ႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ 'ၵွင်းမူးလဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈ' (သားတော်ရဘုရား) ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၼႆႉ ၽွင်းမိူဝ်ႈမၼ်းပဵၼ် ၸႂ်ဢမ်ႇလီ လွင်ႈလႆႈလိုပ်ႈႁေႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမျႃႉဝတီႇယူႇၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလႆႈငိၼ်းၶၢဝ်ႇဝႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းလဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈယဝ်ႉၼႆလႄႈ ၶႅၼ်း ပဵၼ်ဢၼ် ၸႂ်ထိုင်မၼ်းၼၢင်းၶိုၼ်း။ ၵမ်းၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၵေႃႈ ဢဝ်တင်းၵူၼ်းသိုၵ်းမၼ်းသေ ၶိုၼ်းမႃးၶႆႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမျႃႉဝတီႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၶဝ်ၸင်ႇမႃးၶိုတ်း တီႈဢၼ်မၼ်းၼၢင်း လဵင်ႉလုၵ်ႈၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ၸင်ႇလိုဝ်ႈႁိူဝ်ႉလိုဝ်ႈၸႂ် တီႈၽြႃးလူင် မႁႃႇမႅတ်ႈမုၼိၼႆႉ မွၵ်ႈလိူၼ်ၼိုင်ႈ၊ သမ်ႉဢဝ်လုပ်ႇၶီႈၶၢင်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ ထႃႇပၼႃႇဝႆႉသေ ၵေႃႇဝႆႉၵွင်းမူး 'ယွၼ်းတဵမ်' (ဆုတောင်းပြည့်ဘုရား) ဝႆႉထႅင်ႈ တီႈၼၼ်ႈ၊ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇႁွင်ႉမၼ်းၼၢင်း မိူဝ်းၵႂႃႇၶိုၼ်း မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;ခေမိန္ဒ(ဦး) မိုးမိတ်ရာဇဝင်တော်ကြီး၊ နှာ 72.&lt;/ref&gt;

ပေႃးမႃးတူၺ်း ပိုၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းမျႃႉဝတီႇ ၵေႃႇၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၸိုင် ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းၶဝ်ၼႆႉ တိုၼ်းပဵၼ်ၵူၼ်းယုမ်ႇယမ်ၼပ်ႉထိုဝ် သႃႇသၼႃႇယူႇၼႆၼၼ်ႉ ၸႅင်ႈလႅင်းယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ပူႇမွၼ်ႇၼႆၢးယႃႈ မၼ်းၼၢင်းပၢၼ်သိုပ်ႇပၢၼ် ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈ လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ၶိူဝ်းသၵျသေမႃးလႄႈ ၶဝ်တေပဵၼ် ၽူႈၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇယူႇၼႆၼၼ်ႉ ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈလႆႈထၢင်ႇထိူမ်။

ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်းတႆး မိူဝ်ႈၵွၼ်ႇဝႃႈၵေႃႈ &quot;ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇလွၼ်ႉၵီႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၵူၼ်း မွၵ်ႈ 300 ပီပႆၢပႆၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ၶိူဝ်းသၵျၶဝ် ပေႃးမႃးၽွင်းငမ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆးၼႆႉဝႆႉယဝ်ႉ&quot; ၼႆယူႇ။&lt;ref&gt;Ibid, p. 33-34.&lt;/ref&gt;


==မၢႆတွင်း==
#{{note|1}}ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်မိူင်းၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလူင် ၽွင်းငမ်းမႃး 500 ပီပႆၢပႆၢ။ ၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်သမ်ႉ တၼ်းမီးၵႂႃႇ 42 သိုပ်ႇ၊ လၵ်းထၢၼ်ဝဵင်းၵဝ်ႇၼႆႉ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ၵူၺ်းၵိုတ်းၶူးဝဵင်း ဢၼ်တၢင်းလိုၵ်ႉ မီး 10 သွၵ်ႇ၊ တၢင်းၵႂၢင်ႈ 15 သွၵ်ႇ၊ ၽၵ်းတူ 12 သွၵ်ႇ၊ လႄႈ ၵိုတ်းဢၼ်ၵဝ်ႇဢၼ်မွၼ်ဢိတ်းဢီႈ၊ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ထိူၼ်ႇ ပဵၼ်ယုမ်းၶိူဝ်းၵႂႃႇမူတ်းယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။
#{{note|2}}ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၵွင်းမူးၼၼ်ႉ ဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 103 ၼီႈၼႆ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလၢတ်ႈၼႄပႃး လွင်ႈဝႃႈ ၼႂ်းပေႇႁူမၼ်းၼၢင်းၼၼ်ႉ ပႃးထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈဝႆႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈပွၵ်ႈၼိုင်ႈ ယွၼ်ႉထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၵ်ႇငဝ်းမႃးလႄႈ ၸဝ်ႈၼၢင်းၸႂ်ၵူတ်ႉၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇၶႃႉၶႆၢဝႃႈ မၼ်းၼၢင်းမီးၽိူဝ်ႉ၊ ပဵၼ်ၸိူဝ်ႉၶိူဝ်းဢမ်ႇလီၼႆယူႇ။ 

{{dhr|3}}
{{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}}
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:တႆး]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:Conversations in Gaelic and English.djvu/47</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449220</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1332351</id>
      <timestamp>2026-03-31T02:59:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Cwrwgl</username>
        <id>937938</id>
      </contributor>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2423" sha1="6j798a65l0hk9ldvd7sy6j4kdk0z239" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;3&quot; user=&quot;Cwrwgl&quot; /&gt;CÒMHRAIDHEAN: CONVERSATIONS.43&lt;/noinclude&gt;bha na stròicean sin air an cuibhleadh mu 'n cuairt air iomadh dòigh iongantach agus air an togail suas 's an athar, far an deachaidh iad as an t-sealladh.

'D é 'mheudachd a th' anns an loch?

Tha è mu dhà mhìl' air fad is mu cheithreamh mhìl' air leud.

Ciamar a tha è air a shuidheachadh?

Tha e ann an lag dhomhain eadar na beanntan, a tha 'g éiridh gu cas uaithe, 's iad uaine gu'm mullach.

Am bheil coille 'cinntinn air an cliathaichean?

Cha 'n 'eil: na 'm biodh cha 'n 'eil loch 's a' Ghàidhealtachd a bhiodh na b' àillidh na è.

An robh bàt' agaibh 'g a iasgach?

Bha.

Cuiridh mi geall gu'n d' fhuair sibh i làn uisge.

Fhuair, agus ghabh mi fichead mionaid 'g a taomadh.

'D é 'n seòrsa taomain a bh' agaibh?

Bha cuach-bhleoghainn, a fhuair mi o 'n mhnaoi cheanalta 'tha 'chòmhnuidh taobh an loch.

Am b' ann am meadhon an loch a bha sibh ag iasgach?

Cha b' ann, ach aig a thaobhan: tha 'm neadhon tuilleadh a 's domhain.

'D é 'n doimhneachd a 's freagarraiche?

Eadar ceithir is deich troidhean.

Cha b'urrainn duibh iasgach agus iomram aig an aon àm.

Cha b' urrainn, ach leig mi leis a' bhàta falbh leis a' ghaoith, a' toirt làimh air na ràimh an dràsda 's a rìs g' a cumail ceart.

Cia meud breac a ghlac sibh?

Dà fhichead.

'D é 'n ùine 'ghabh sibh 'g an glacadh?

were whirled round in many strange fashions, and raised into the air, where they disappeared.

What is the size of the lake?

It is about two miles long and a quarter of a mile wide.

How is it situated?

It lies in a deep hollow between the mountains, which rise abruptly from it and are green to their tops.

Is there wood growing on their flanks?

There is not: if there was there would not be a more beautiful lake in the Highland.

Had you a boat fishing it?

I had.

I'll wager that you found it full of water.

Yes, and I took twenty minutes to bale it.

What kind of baler had you?

A milking-pail that I got from the mild woman that lives beside the lake.

Was it in the middle of the lake that you were fishing?

It was not, but at its sides: the middle is too deep.

What is the most suitable depth?

Between four and ten feet.

You could not both fish and row at the same time.

I could not, but I let the boat drift with the wind, handling the oars now and then to keep her right.

How many trout did you catch?

Forty.

What time did you take to catch them?
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      <text bytes="2432" sha1="ok3r65uyprjxgqsnalfrin7hm1jlruf" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;3&quot; user=&quot;Cwrwgl&quot; /&gt;{{rh||CÒMHRAIDHEAN: CONVERSATIONS.|43}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;bha na stròicean sin air an cuibhleadh mu 'n cuairt air iomadh dòigh iongantach agus air an togail suas 's an athar, far an deachaidh iad as an t-sealladh.

'D é 'mheudachd a th' anns an loch?

Tha è mu dhà mhìl' air fad is mu cheithreamh mhìl' air leud.

Ciamar a tha è air a shuidheachadh?

Tha e ann an lag dhomhain eadar na beanntan, a tha 'g éiridh gu cas uaithe, 's iad uaine gu'm mullach.

Am bheil coille 'cinntinn air an cliathaichean?

Cha 'n 'eil: na 'm biodh cha 'n 'eil loch 's a' Ghàidhealtachd a bhiodh na b' àillidh na è.

An robh bàt' agaibh 'g a iasgach?

Bha.

Cuiridh mi geall gu'n d' fhuair sibh i làn uisge.

Fhuair, agus ghabh mi fichead mionaid 'g a taomadh.

'D é 'n seòrsa taomain a bh' agaibh?

Bha cuach-bhleoghainn, a fhuair mi o 'n mhnaoi cheanalta 'tha 'chòmhnuidh taobh an loch.

Am b' ann am meadhon an loch a bha sibh ag iasgach?

Cha b' ann, ach aig a thaobhan: tha 'm neadhon tuilleadh a 's domhain.

'D é 'n doimhneachd a 's freagarraiche?

Eadar ceithir is deich troidhean.

Cha b'urrainn duibh iasgach agus iomram aig an aon àm.

Cha b' urrainn, ach leig mi leis a' bhàta falbh leis a' ghaoith, a' toirt làimh air na ràimh an dràsda 's a rìs g' a cumail ceart.

Cia meud breac a ghlac sibh?

Dà fhichead.

'D é 'n ùine 'ghabh sibh 'g an glacadh?

were whirled round in many strange fashions, and raised into the air, where they disappeared.

What is the size of the lake?

It is about two miles long and a quarter of a mile wide.

How is it situated?

It lies in a deep hollow between the mountains, which rise abruptly from it and are green to their tops.

Is there wood growing on their flanks?

There is not: if there was there would not be a more beautiful lake in the Highland.

Had you a boat fishing it?

I had.

I'll wager that you found it full of water.

Yes, and I took twenty minutes to bale it.

What kind of baler had you?

A milking-pail that I got from the mild woman that lives beside the lake.

Was it in the middle of the lake that you were fishing?

It was not, but at its sides: the middle is too deep.

What is the most suitable depth?

Between four and ten feet.

You could not both fish and row at the same time.

I could not, but I let the boat drift with the wind, handling the oars now and then to keep her right.

How many trout did you catch?

Forty.

What time did you take to catch them?
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      <text bytes="2525" sha1="18ddcbdlsn31m81rflyaoqsgesgtgei" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;3&quot; user=&quot;Cwrwgl&quot; /&gt;{{rh|44|CÒMHRAIDHEAN:CONVERSATIONS.}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;Ghlac mi 'chuid a 's mò dhiubh ann an uair an uaireadair.

Cha robh sibh dìomhanach.

Bha iad rè na h-ùine sin a' leum gu sùrdail ceithir thimchioll, agus 's è sin an t-àm a 's fheàrr a ghabhas iad.

'D e 'n t-àm de 'n bliadhna 's fheàrr gu iasgach air na lochan sin?

An dara agus an treasa mìos de 'n t-samhradh.

'D é 'n seòrsa là 's freagarraiche airson an iasgaich?

Là blàth, grianach, le fras uisge 'n dràsda 's a rìs, agus gaoth an iar.

'D é 'n seòrsa chuileagan a 's freagarraiche?

Ma tha 'n là soilleir gun deò gaoith' ann, 's iad cuileagan beaga, dorcha a 's freagarraiche, ach ma tha 'n là dorcha, an t-uisge dorcha, agus sgairt math ghaoith' ann, feumar cuileagan na 's mò 's na 's soilleire 'ghabhail.

Mur 'eil an t-iasgair eòlach air an loch feumaidh è seòrsa no dhà fheuchainn gus an amais e air an fheadhainn a fhreagras.

Tha mòran an earbsa ris an dòigh air an tilgear na cuileagan 's air an tairngear iad troimh 'n uisge.

'D é na h-àiteachan a 's fheàrr gu iasgach?

Far am bheil luibheannach a' cinntinn is far am bheil uillt a' dol a stigh do 'n loch.

Am bheil bradaiu an Loch Sgamadail?

Tha.

Ciamar a tha iad 'g a ruigheachd?

Tha iad a' tighinn a nìos air abhuinn Iuthachair as a' mhuir 's an earrach agus 's an t-samhradh.

Nach 'eil iad toigheach air a bhi ann an aibhnichean 's an lochan?

I caught the most of them in an hour by the watch.

You were not idle.

They were during that time leaping actively all round; and that is the time when they take best.

What is the best season of the year for fishing on these lakes?

The second and third month of summer.

What kind of day is most suitable for the fishing?

A warm, sunny day, with a shower of rain now and then, and a west wind.

What kind of flies are most suitable?

If the day be clear and windless small and dark-coloured flies are the most suitable, but if the day be dark, the water dark, and a smart breeze of
wind blowing, larger and lighter-coloured flies must be taken.

If the fisher is not acquainted with the loch he must try different kinds till he finds those that suit.

Much depends on the manner in which the flies are cast and drawn through the water.

What are the best places for fishing?

Where weeds grow and where burns enter the lake.

Are there salmon in Loch Scamadale?

There are.

How do they reach it?

They come up on the river Iuächair from the sea in spring and summer.

Are they not fond of being in rivers and lakes?
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    <title>Page:Conversations in Gaelic and English.djvu/49</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>1332354</id>
      <timestamp>2026-03-31T03:41:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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      <text bytes="2476" sha1="jmwcxaea0q5rh7qojola0if95ss7upe" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;3&quot; user=&quot;Cwrwgl&quot; /&gt;{{rh|CÒMHRAIDHEAN: CONVERSATIONS.|45}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;Tha, anabarrach toigheach.

'S iomadh uair a chunnaic mi iad a' leum àirde mòire as an uisge. 'D é 'tha 'toirt orra sin a dheanamh?

Tha è coltach gu bheil iad a' leum mar so chum gu'm faigh iad dhiùbh seòrsa mial' a th' orra 'n uair a dh' fhàgas iad an sàile.

Am faca sibh iad riamh a' leum a suas eas?

Chunnaic iomadh uair: is iongantach, bòidheach an sealladh e.

Ciamar a tha iad a' toirt na h-oidheirp?

Tha iad 'g an lùbadh fhéin gus am bheil an cinn 's an earbaill a' coinneachadh, agus tha iad an sin a' toirt duileum air an adhart mar dheanadh cearcall cuilce na'm biodh a dhà cheann air an leigeil as.

Nach tric leo tuiteam air an ais?

Is tric, ma bhios an t-eas car àrd; ach bheir iad ionnsuidh an déidh ionnsuidh air a' mhullach a ruigheachd gus an soirbhich leo, ma tha sin comasach.

Cha 'n 'eil teagamh agam nach robh dileag de Chaol Il' agaibh 's a' chliabh a thoirt beothachaidh dhuibh 'n uair a bhiodh sibh sgìth de thilgeil na driamlaich.

Cha robh, ach bha làn searraig agam de thì fhuair.

Cha shaoilinn gu'm biodh an deoch sin aona chuid blasda no beothachail.

Tha i 'n dà chuid, agus tha mòran 'g a gabhail a roghainn air deoch sam bith eile.

'D é 'n rathad a ghabh sibh a' tighinn dachaidh?

Am monadh.

Tha mi cinnteach gu'n robh sibh sgìth gu leòir mu 'n d' ràinig sibh an tigh.

Yes, very fond.

I have often seen them leap a great height out of the water.

What causes them to do that?

It is probable that they leap thus in order to get quit of a sort of louse that adheres to them when they leave the salt water.

Have you ever seen them leaping up a fail?

I have many a time: it is a strange and pretty sight.

How do they make the attempt?

They bend themselves till their heads and tails meet, and they then spring forward as a hoop of cane would do if both its ends were released.

Do they not often fall back?

Yes, if the fall is rather high; but they will make attempt after attempt to reach the top till they succeed, if that is possible.

I have no doubt that you had a small drop of Caol Ile in the basket to refresh you when tired of throwing the line.

I had not, but I had a bottleful of cold tea.

I should not suppose that that drink would be either palatable or refreshing.

It is both, and many take it in preference to any other drink.

What road did you take coming home?

The moor.

I am sure that you were tired enough before you reached the house.
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      <origin>1332355</origin>
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      <text bytes="2477" sha1="9qbtkmk5qpn2ds758uoeebvh483sp6w" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;3&quot; user=&quot;Cwrwgl&quot; /&gt;{{rh||CÒMHRAIDHEAN: CONVERSATIONS.|45}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;Tha, anabarrach toigheach.

'S iomadh uair a chunnaic mi iad a' leum àirde mòire as an uisge. 'D é 'tha 'toirt orra sin a dheanamh?

Tha è coltach gu bheil iad a' leum mar so chum gu'm faigh iad dhiùbh seòrsa mial' a th' orra 'n uair a dh' fhàgas iad an sàile.

Am faca sibh iad riamh a' leum a suas eas?

Chunnaic iomadh uair: is iongantach, bòidheach an sealladh e.

Ciamar a tha iad a' toirt na h-oidheirp?

Tha iad 'g an lùbadh fhéin gus am bheil an cinn 's an earbaill a' coinneachadh, agus tha iad an sin a' toirt duileum air an adhart mar dheanadh cearcall cuilce na'm biodh a dhà cheann air an leigeil as.

Nach tric leo tuiteam air an ais?

Is tric, ma bhios an t-eas car àrd; ach bheir iad ionnsuidh an déidh ionnsuidh air a' mhullach a ruigheachd gus an soirbhich leo, ma tha sin comasach.

Cha 'n 'eil teagamh agam nach robh dileag de Chaol Il' agaibh 's a' chliabh a thoirt beothachaidh dhuibh 'n uair a bhiodh sibh sgìth de thilgeil na driamlaich.

Cha robh, ach bha làn searraig agam de thì fhuair.

Cha shaoilinn gu'm biodh an deoch sin aona chuid blasda no beothachail.

Tha i 'n dà chuid, agus tha mòran 'g a gabhail a roghainn air deoch sam bith eile.

'D é 'n rathad a ghabh sibh a' tighinn dachaidh?

Am monadh.

Tha mi cinnteach gu'n robh sibh sgìth gu leòir mu 'n d' ràinig sibh an tigh.

Yes, very fond.

I have often seen them leap a great height out of the water.

What causes them to do that?

It is probable that they leap thus in order to get quit of a sort of louse that adheres to them when they leave the salt water.

Have you ever seen them leaping up a fail?

I have many a time: it is a strange and pretty sight.

How do they make the attempt?

They bend themselves till their heads and tails meet, and they then spring forward as a hoop of cane would do if both its ends were released.

Do they not often fall back?

Yes, if the fall is rather high; but they will make attempt after attempt to reach the top till they succeed, if that is possible.

I have no doubt that you had a small drop of Caol Ile in the basket to refresh you when tired of throwing the line.

I had not, but I had a bottleful of cold tea.

I should not suppose that that drink would be either palatable or refreshing.

It is both, and many take it in preference to any other drink.

What road did you take coming home?

The moor.

I am sure that you were tired enough before you reached the house.
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    <title>Page:Conversations in Gaelic and English.djvu/50</title>
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CÒMHRAIDHEAN: CONVERSATIONS.&lt;/noinclude&gt;Dha mi, ach cha bhithinn a' chòir cho sgìth mur biodh gu'n deachaidh mi air seachran.

'D é 'chuir air seachran sibh?

Ceò dùmhail a dhùin mu m' thimchioll.

An do choisich sibh air 'ur n-aghaidh troimh 'n cheò?

Choisich fad trì cheithreimhnean na h-uaire, tha mi cinnteach, gus an d' thàinig mi mu dheireadh air m' ais a dh' ionnsuidh an àite as an d' fhalbh mi.

'N uair a thig an ceò air neach 's a' mhonadh 's è 'ghliocas fuireach far am bheil è gus an sgaoil è.

Rinn mi sin mu dheireadh. Am shìneadh air an fhraoch bhadanach, ghorm, air mo shuaineadh am bhreacan dùbh-ghlas, thàinig na rannan sin le Donnchadh Bàn am chuimhne:—
{{ppoem|
&quot;'S mithich tèarnadh do na gleannaibh,
O 'n tha gruaimich air na beannaibh,
'S ceathach dùinte mu na meallaibh,
A' cur dallaidh air ar léirsinn.
Bi 'dh sinn beò an dòchas ro mhath
Gu'm bi 'chùis na 's fheàrr an ath là,
Gu'm bi gaoth, is grian, is talamh
Mar bu mhath leinn air na sléibhtibh.&quot;
}}

{{c|SEALG NAM FIADH.}}

Am bheil duine stigh an so?

Tha mise stigh. Thig a nìos co sam bith thu.

Ciamar a tha Para mòr?

Gabhaibh mo leisgeul. Cha 'n 'eil mi uile gu léir a' deanamh a mach co 'tha 'g am fheòraich.

Am bheil cuimhn' agaibh air an là 'mharbh sinn an dòbhran* donn aig Lochan-nam-breac?

I was, but I should not have been nearly so tired were it not that I went astray.

What caused you to go astray?

A thick mist that closed round me.

Did you walk on through the mist?

I did for three-quarters of an hour, I am sure, till I came back at last to the place from which I started.

When the mist comes on one in the moor it is his wisdom to remain where he is till it disperses.

I did so at last. While reclining on the tufted, blue heather, wrapped in my dark grey plaid, these verses by Duncan Bàn came into my memory:—
{{ppoem|
It is time to descend to the glens,
As there is gloom on the bens,
And mist closing round the hills,
Blinding our vision.
We will live in good hope
That matters will be more favourable next day,
That the wind, the sun, and the ground
Will be as we could wish on the mountains.
}}

{{c|DEER-STALKING.}}

Is there anyone within here?

I am within. Come forward whoever you are.

How is big Patrick?

Excuse me. I do not quite make out who is inquiring for me.

Do you remember the day when we killed the brown otter at Lochan-nam-breac?

{{smaller|* ''Dobhran,'' the fresh-water otter. ''Béist-dubh,'' the sea otter.}}&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>1332358</id>
      <parentid>1332357</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-03-31T05:50:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Cwrwgl</username>
        <id>937938</id>
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      <minor />
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      <text bytes="2491" sha1="qnax8xqkga1hitf0a87sceshnzl574n" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;3&quot; user=&quot;Cwrwgl&quot; /&gt;{{rh|46|CÒMHRAIDHEAN: CONVERSATIONS.}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;Dha mi, ach cha bhithinn a' chòir cho sgìth mur biodh gu'n deachaidh mi air seachran.

'D é 'chuir air seachran sibh?

Ceò dùmhail a dhùin mu m' thimchioll.

An do choisich sibh air 'ur n-aghaidh troimh 'n cheò?

Choisich fad trì cheithreimhnean na h-uaire, tha mi cinnteach, gus an d' thàinig mi mu dheireadh air m' ais a dh' ionnsuidh an àite as an d' fhalbh mi.

'N uair a thig an ceò air neach 's a' mhonadh 's è 'ghliocas fuireach far am bheil è gus an sgaoil è.

Rinn mi sin mu dheireadh. Am shìneadh air an fhraoch bhadanach, ghorm, air mo shuaineadh am bhreacan dùbh-ghlas, thàinig na rannan sin le Donnchadh Bàn am chuimhne:—
{{ppoem|
&quot;'S mithich tèarnadh do na gleannaibh,
O 'n tha gruaimich air na beannaibh,
'S ceathach dùinte mu na meallaibh,
A' cur dallaidh air ar léirsinn.
Bi 'dh sinn beò an dòchas ro mhath
Gu'm bi 'chùis na 's fheàrr an ath là,
Gu'm bi gaoth, is grian, is talamh
Mar bu mhath leinn air na sléibhtibh.&quot;
}}

{{c|SEALG NAM FIADH.}}

Am bheil duine stigh an so?

Tha mise stigh. Thig a nìos co sam bith thu.

Ciamar a tha Para mòr?

Gabhaibh mo leisgeul. Cha 'n 'eil mi uile gu léir a' deanamh a mach co 'tha 'g am fheòraich.

Am bheil cuimhn' agaibh air an là 'mharbh sinn an dòbhran* donn aig Lochan-nam-breac?

I was, but I should not have been nearly so tired were it not that I went astray.

What caused you to go astray?

A thick mist that closed round me.

Did you walk on through the mist?

I did for three-quarters of an hour, I am sure, till I came back at last to the place from which I started.

When the mist comes on one in the moor it is his wisdom to remain where he is till it disperses.

I did so at last. While reclining on the tufted, blue heather, wrapped in my dark grey plaid, these verses by Duncan Bàn came into my memory:—
{{ppoem|
It is time to descend to the glens,
As there is gloom on the bens,
And mist closing round the hills,
Blinding our vision.
We will live in good hope
That matters will be more favourable next day,
That the wind, the sun, and the ground
Will be as we could wish on the mountains.
}}

{{c|DEER-STALKING.}}

Is there anyone within here?

I am within. Come forward whoever you are.

How is big Patrick?

Excuse me. I do not quite make out who is inquiring for me.

Do you remember the day when we killed the brown otter at Lochan-nam-breac?

{{smaller|* ''Dobhran,'' the fresh-water otter. ''Béist-dubh,'' the sea otter.}}
{{nop}}&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:AN 95 Bali Raja Sambodan Katha.pdf/7</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449224</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1332359</id>
      <timestamp>2026-03-31T06:09:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>RMfortranscription</username>
        <id>909142</id>
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      <text bytes="2956" sha1="31vjd5x2undjtzhcfydxl22jowixw9n" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;RMfortranscription&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;स्य नि क नि म्ह · छ ल पो ल ज कंः जि मि त र क्षा षा यु ष्म्हः भ रे या क ष्म्हः श र ण ब न्य था य सः छ ल पो ल ज। कंः इ ष्ट मि ष्ट मे ब सुं न दु
।।  ।। त ह बा न्ह प या लो क्क मा मु ...  न्यु भ बो द धेः सं मा र्गे सं प्र ति ष्टा प्प सं पा ल यि डु म र्ह ति ।।  ।। थु गु प्र का लंः छ ल पो ल पि सं
कृपा दृष्टिं श्वयाः संसार यागुः समुद्रं थकायाः बोधि मार्गस तया प्रतिपाल यायगुः छ ल पो ल स्यं इ छा या स्य बिज्यायमाल
।।  ।। इ ति सं प्रा था दै त्यु न्द्रः स ब लिः सा ञ्ज लिः पु नः प्र ण त्वा तं ज ग न्ना थं सा द रा त्स्व पु रे न य तु ।।  ।। थु लि तव रि राः
नः वि न्ति या नाः पु न वा रः रा हा त नि पां हा द्दा ल पा वः क रु ना म य नमस्काल या ना वः आ द लं स हि त या ना थ व गु दे स सः
बि ज्या क ल ।।  ।। त त्र तं स्व पु रे नी त्वा म हो त्स वैः प्र मो द नैः अ न्तः पु रे स भा स्व र्णु र त्न पी ठे न्य वे श ये त ।।  ।। क रु ना म यः थ
व गु दे स स च्व ना ह याः म हा उ त्सा हंः ह र्ष मा न या नाः अ न्त पु र सः स ता म ण्ड ल द य काः र त्न या गुः क्व प ति स वि ज्या क ल ।।  ।। त त्र
तं सं प्र ति ष्ठा प्प रा जा सं मो दि तो व लिः सा न्त पु र ज नैः सा र्द्वं य था वि धि स मा र्च ये तु ।।  ।। क रु ना म यः र त्न या गुः क्क प ती सः वि ज्या
काः अ त्यु न्त ह र्ष मा न या नाः ब लि राजा प्र मु खंः स क ल प र्ज्हा लो क पि स नंः य था वि धि थ्यंः क रु णा म य या त पु जा या त ।।  ।। म ह द्रा&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:AN 94 Karanya Biu Paath.pdf/28</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449225</id>
    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2026-03-31T07:05:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Asim Bajracharya</username>
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      <text bytes="1849" sha1="ldanwe6pt9gr9fv7gj0pe2mz6g9w4ix" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Asim Bajracharya&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;ष्य सित्वम्महेश्वर कलियुगे प्रतिपन्नेकष्टे सत्वधातु समुत्पन्न आदि देव आख्या यस श्रेष्टाचकर्त्ता चत्वऺ सर्व्वसत्वा वोधिमार्श्नेण विप्रहीणा भविष्यन्ति। यइ दप्टथक्ष नेषु साकथ्यऺ कुर्व्वन्ति॥ आकाशलिऺगमित्पाहुः प्टथिवीतस्य पीठिका। आलयः सर्व्वभूता नाऺलीय नाल्लिऺ गमुच्पते॥ इट्टशम्मया कुलपुत्र विपश्विन स्तथागतस्य सकाशादार्य्याव लोकितेश्वरस्यग्ड भावनाश्रूता ॥ तदप्पति क्रम्पशि खीनाम तथागतो .. र्हन्सम्य व्सऺ वुद्बोवभुव विद्याचरण सम्पन्नः सुगतो लोकविदनुत्तरः पुरुषदम्प सारथिः शास्ता देवानाञ्च मनुष्या नाञ्च वुद्बो भगवान स्तेन कालेनतेन समयनाहऺ सर्व्वणीवरण विष्कम्भिन्दान शूरा नाम वोधिसत्वो महासत्वो वभूव॥ तस्या शिखिनस्तथा गतस्य सकाशा दव लोकितेश्वरस्य वोधिसत्वस्य महासत्वस्यग्ड&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:AN 94 Karanya Biu Paath.pdf/29</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449226</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1332362</id>
      <timestamp>2026-03-31T07:47:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Asim Bajracharya</username>
        <id>945944</id>
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      <text bytes="1649" sha1="r0upk3n01d2txcvw9vntomh505v8a2s" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Asim Bajracharya&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;णो..वणा मयाश्रूता॥  ॥ अथ सर्व्वणिवरण विष्कम्भी भगवन्तमेत दवाचत॥ कीट्टशऺ भगवऺत्वयात्डणो भावनाव लोकितेश्वरस्य श्रूता॥  ॥ भगवानाह॥ यदा सर्व्व देवा नागाय..गन्धर्व्वारा..सा असुरा मरुतागरुडा किन्नरा महाेर गामनुष्या मनुष्यः सन्निपतिता अभुवन॥ यदा भगवान्महासन्नि पातऺ ट्टष्ट्वातेषाऺ पर्षदान्म ध्येधर्म्मसा कथ्यऺ कर्त्भुमारट्बः॥ तदा भगवतो मुखद्वारान्ना नावर्ण्णारश्म यानिश्चरन्तिस्म॥ तद्यथा॥ नीलपीत लोहिता वदातमा ञ्जिष्ठस्ङ टिकरजत सुवर्ण्ण वर्ण्णाना ना विधरश्मया निश्चरन्तिस्म निश्चरित्वा दशदिश्वि दिक्षु सर्व्वान्लाे कधा भूनवभाष्य पुनरेवागत्पतऺ शिखिनऺ भगवन्तन्त्रिः प्रद..णी कृत्प भगवतो मुखद्वारे प्रविष्टाः॥&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ပွတ်းမိူင်းယေႃးၼၵ 3 ပီႇၸီႇ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>449227</id>
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      <id>1332367</id>
      <timestamp>2026-03-31T08:11:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sai Myo Thura Kyaw</username>
        <id>946522</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add contents</comment>
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| title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး
| author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ်
| override_author =
| editor =
| translator =
| contributor =
| override_contributor =
| section = 
| previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ (5-1) ပီႇၸီႇ|ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ (5-1) ပီႇၸီႇ]]
| previous2 =
| next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၵွင်းမူး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈပႃး ၼႂ်းတၢင်းလီ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢႃႇသေႃးၵ|ၵွင်းမူး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈပႃး ၼႂ်းတၢင်းလီ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢႃႇသေႃးၵ]]
| next2 =
| year =
| notes =
| edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ
| categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ
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| portal =
}}

ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်း မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသ ပိုၼ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃ ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ မႃးႁွတ်ႈၽႅဝ် ပွတ်းဢပရၼ်ႇတၵၼႆႉ ပဵၼ််မိူဝ်ႈ 3 ပီႇၸီႇ၊ ဝၢႆးသင်ႇၵႃႇယၼႃႇ ၵမ်းပွၵ်ႈ 3၊ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ၊ မိူဝ်ႈမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ပွႆႇသင်ႇၶႃႇ ၵႂႃႇပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ 9 မိူင်း ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ မိူင်းယေႃးၼၵၵေႃႈ မႃးၽႅဝ်မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၸဝ်ႈဢၼ်ဢဝ် သႃႇသၼႃႇမႃး မိူင်းယေႃးၼၵတႄႉ ပဵၼ် ၸဝ်ႈမႁႃႇရၵ်ႉၶိတၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

{{dhr|3}}
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{{Reflist}}

[[Category:တႆး]]</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>1332369</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-03-31T08:33:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sai Myo Thura Kyaw</username>
        <id>946522</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add contents</comment>
      <origin>1332369</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3538" sha1="8bqetr4r52vn0xtxp00dlspm1r2gi4d" xml:space="preserve">{{header
| title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး
| author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ်
| override_author =
| editor =
| translator =
| contributor =
| override_contributor =
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ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်း မႁႃႇဝမ်ႇသ ပိုၼ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃ ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ မႃးႁွတ်ႈၽႅဝ် ပွတ်းဢပရၼ်ႇတၵၼႆႉ ပဵၼ််မိူဝ်ႈ 3 ပီႇၸီႇ၊ ဝၢႆးသင်ႇၵႃႇယၼႃႇ ၵမ်းပွၵ်ႈ 3၊ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ၊ မိူဝ်ႈမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ပွႆႇသင်ႇၶႃႇ ၵႂႃႇပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ 9 မိူင်း ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ မိူင်းယေႃးၼၵၵေႃႈ မႃးၽႅဝ်မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၸဝ်ႈဢၼ်ဢဝ် သႃႇသၼႃႇမႃး မိူင်းယေႃးၼၵတႄႉ ပဵၼ် ၸဝ်ႈမႁႃႇရၵ်ႉၶိတၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

မိူင်းယေႃးၼၵ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း သႃႇသၼႃႇဝမ်ႇသၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ပဵၼ်ၸိူဝ်းၼႂ်းမိူင်းထႆး ပွတ်းၼိူဝ် လႄႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆးၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူင်းထႆးပွတ်းၼိူဝ် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇလၢၼ်ႉၸၢင်ႉ၊ ၵဵင်းသႅၼ်၊ ၵဵင်းမႆႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉသေ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆးၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈပႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းယေႃးၼၵၸိုင် ပဵၼ် မိူင်းသီႇပေႃႉ၊ ယွင်ႁူၺ်ႈ မၢၼ်ႈၺွင်ႇသူၺ်ႇ၊ မိူင်းၼႆၢး၊ ဝၢၼ်ႈမေႃႇ၊ မိူင်းလႃႈ ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် ၵိဝ်ႇလူင်ၸၼ်းတႃႇ၊ သႅၼ်ၸေႈ၊ ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Sasanavamsa'', translated by Wilhelm Geiger, pp.82-84. ''Thai Art with Indian Influences, PP.10-11. Sai Kham Mong. Buddhism and Shan'', p.29. ''Myanmar Historical Research Journal'', No,7.&lt;/ref&gt;

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[[Category:တႆး]]</text>
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    <title>Page:AN-PM-16.pdf/23</title>
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नया: ब्राम्ह नपुजरपयिधर्म्म:|| ९१|| आचार्य्यभृलतेधर्म्म: आचार्य्यहरते फ्हन: आचार्य्य भृरमापो
ति: आचार्य्य बृधिमभन:|| || धर्म्म भृललपकिव आचार्यन: धन: नाना लभन: रभनल: आचर्य्य
न:|| ९२|| भोर्य्य्भोजन णकिच: रतिसकि पलतृय: बिभव दानस तिच: ना ल्यस्यत पसभृल:|| || 
नय... याभो.. रति सार्म्मर्थ जुययवयापरतिरायरप्यय वया: दब्यथुराव दातारमजुव: थ्वतेनचि
कुस्तितप म भृररा यदो:|| ९३|| चालेचेवच लेधर्म्म: मनित्यषरुलु जित: भुरानामपिपम्ह ना: सास्य
तेतपमभबेते:|| || बालकस धर्म्म यायमाल: अनितिससालस्व... न गथाधारसा: म्हग्व सिपदरपु&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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[[Category:Tibetan]]</text>
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འགྲོ་བ་སྲིད་ལས་བསྒྲལ་བྱའི་ཕྱིར། །མཐའ་མེད་སྨོན་ལམ་ལྷག་བསམ་དག་པས་གདབ། ། བསླུ་མེད་
དཀོན་མཆོག་གསུམ་དང་མཐུ་སྟོབས་ཅན། །དྲང་སྲོང་མཐུ་ཡིས་བདེན་ཚིག་འགྲུབ་གྱུར་ཅིག །བདག་
ནི་སྐྱེ་ཞིང་སྐྱེ་བ་ཐམས་ཅད་དུ། །ངན་སོང་ངན་འགྲོ་ལོག་པར་ལྟུང་བ་ཡི། ། སྐྱེ་གནས་རྣམས་སུ་ནམ་ཡང་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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ནམ་ཡང་མ་ཆགས་ཐར་པ་འཐོབ་བྱའི་ཕྱིར། ། ངེས་འབྱུང་བསམ་པས་ཚངས་སྤྱོད་འཚོལ་བ་ལ། །བརྩོན་འགྲུས་
ལྷོད་པ་མེད་པར་འཇུག་པར་ཤོག །བདག་ནི་རབ་ཏུ་འབྱུང་བར་བྱེད་པ་ལ། །འཁོར་དང་ཉེ་དུ་ལོངས་སྤྱོད་གང་
གིས་ཀྱང༌། ། གེགས་བྱེད་མེད་པར་མཐུན་པའི་རྐྱེན་རྣམས་ཀུན། །ཇི་ལྟར་བསམས་པ་ཇི་བཞིན་འགྲུབ་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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ཉེས་པས་ནམ་ཡང་གོས་པར་མ་གྱུར་ཅིག །ཚངས་སྤྱོད་རྟེན་ལ་ཐེག་པ་ཆེན་པོ་ཡི། །ཟབ་ཅིང་རྒྱ་ཆེའི་ཆོས་རྣམས་ཇི་སྙེད་པ། ། མ་རྣམས་
དོན་དུ་དཀའ་བ་དུ་མ་ཡིས། །བསྐལ་པ་དཔག་ཏུ་མེད་པར་སྒྲུབ་པར་ཤོག །ལུང་རྟོགས་ཡོན་ཏན་དུ་མས་རྒྱུད་གཏམས་ཤིང་། །དབང་པོ་ཞི་ཞིང་རབ་དུལ་
སྙིང་བརྩེར་བཅས། ། གཞན་དོན་སྐྱོ་མེད་སྒྲུབ་པའི་སྙིང་སྟོབས་ཅན། །བཤེས་གཉེན་དམ་པས་རྗེས་སུ་འཛིན་པར་ཤོག །རྟག་ཏུ་ངུ་ཡིས་ཆོས་འཕགས་བསྟེན་
པ་ལྟར། །ལུས་སྲོག་ལོངས་སྤྱོད་ཀུན་གྱིས་གཡོ་མེད་པར། ། བཤེས་གཉེན་དམ་པ་ལེགས་པར་མཉེས་བྱས་ནས། །མི་མཉེས་སྐད་ཅིག་ཙམ་ཡང་མི་བྱེད་ཤོག །
ཟབ་ཞི་སྤྲོས་དང་བྲལ་བའི་ཤེར་ཕྱིན་དོན། །ལོག་རྟོག་དྲི་མའི་ཆུ་ཡིས་མ་བསླད་པར། ། ཇི་ལྟར་རྟག་ཏུ་ངུ་ལ་བསྙད་པ་ལྟར། །དེ་ལྟར་བདག་ལ་རྟག་ཏུ་འདོམས&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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རྣམས་ཀྱི། །དབང་དུ་ནམ་ཡང་འགྲོ་བར་མ་གྱུར་ཅིག །ལྷག་བསམ་རྣམ་པར་དག་པའི་དར་ཆེན་འཕྱར། །བརྩོན་འགྲུས་ལྷོད་པ་མེད་པའི་རླུང་གིས་བསྐྱོད། ། 
ཐོས་བསམ་སྒོམ་པའི་གྲུ་གཟིངས་ལེགས་བསྡམས་ནས། །ལུས་ཅན་འཁོར་བའི་མཚོ་ལས་སྒྲོལ་བར་ཤོག །ཇི་ཙམ་མང་དུ་ཐོས་དང་ལྷག་པར་གཏོང་། །
རྣམ་དག་ཚུལ་ཁྲིམས་རྣམ་དཔྱོད་ཤེས་རབ་ཀྱིས། ། བདག་རྒྱུད་ལྷག་པར་གྱུར་པ་དེ་ཙམ་དུ། །ཕྱི་ཕྱིར་ཁེངས་པ་ཀུན་དང་བྲལ་བར་ཤོག །རྣམ་དག་རིགས་
པའི་སྟོབས་ཀྱིས་གསུང་རབ་དོན། །ཇི་བཞིན་འབྱེད་ལ་གཞན་དྲིང་མི་འཇོག་པའི། ། མཁས་པའི་གམ་དུ་མཐའ་ཡས་གསུང་རབ་ལ། །ངོམས་པ་མེད་པའི་
ཐོས་པ་བྱེད་པར་ཤོག །ཇི་ལྟར་ཐོས་པའི་དོན་ལ་རིགས་པ་བཞིས། །ཉིན་དང་མཚན་དུ་ཚུལ་བཞིན་རབ་བརྟགས་ནས། ། བསམ་བྱའི་གནས་ལ་བསམ་ལས་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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རྣམས་ཀྱི། །དབང་དུ་ནམ་ཡང་འགྲོ་བར་མ་གྱུར་ཅིག །ལྷག་བསམ་རྣམ་པར་དག་པའི་དར་ཆེན་འཕྱར། །བརྩོན་འགྲུས་ལྷོད་པ་མེད་པའི་རླུང་གིས་བསྐྱོད། ། 
ཐོས་བསམ་སྒོམ་པའི་གྲུ་གཟིངས་ལེགས་བསྡམས་ནས། །ལུས་ཅན་འཁོར་བའི་མཚོ་ལས་སྒྲོལ་བར་ཤོག །ཇི་ཙམ་མང་དུ་ཐོས་དང་ལྷག་པར་གཏོང་། །
རྣམ་དག་ཚུལ་ཁྲིམས་རྣམ་དཔྱོད་ཤེས་རབ་ཀྱིས། ། བདག་རྒྱུད་ལྷག་པར་གྱུར་པ་དེ་ཙམ་དུ། །ཕྱི་ཕྱིར་ཁེངས་པ་ཀུན་དང་བྲལ་བར་ཤོག །རྣམ་དག་རིགས་
པའི་སྟོབས་ཀྱིས་གསུང་རབ་དོན། །ཇི་བཞིན་འབྱེད་ལ་གཞན་དྲིང་མི་འཇོག་པའི། ། མཁས་པའི་གམ་དུ་མཐའ་ཡས་གསུང་རབ་ལ། །ངོམས་པ་མེད་པའི་
ཐོས་པ་བྱེད་པར་ཤོག །ཇི་ལྟར་ཐོས་པའི་དོན་ལ་རིགས་པ་བཞིས། །ཉིན་དང་མཚན་དུ་ཚུལ་བཞིན་རབ་བརྟགས་ནས། ། བསམ་བྱའི་གནས་ལ་བསམས་ལས་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="2219" sha1="ev7i3ws6ry2cfc2hpbpjruaz38135wu" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Pecha-Alalamo&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;བྱུང་བ་ཡི། །རྣམ་དཔྱོད་བློ་ཡིས་ཐེ་ཚོམ་ཆོད་པར་ཤོག །གང་ཚེ་ཤིན་ཏུ་ཟབ་པའི་ཆོས་ཚུལ་ལ། །བསམ་བྱུང་བློ་ཡིས་ངེས་ཤེས་རྙེད་པའི་ཚེ། ། ཚེ་འདིའི་འཁྲི་བ་
ཆོད་པའི་བརྩོན་འགྲུས་ཀྱིས། །དབེན་པ་བསྟེན་ནས་ཚུལ་བཞིན་སྒྲུབ་པར་ཤོག །དེ་ལྟར་ཐོས་བསམ་སྒོམ་པས་རྒྱལ་བ་ཡི། །དགོངས་པའི་གནད་རྣམས་
རྒྱུད་ལ་བསྐྲུན་པའི་ཚེ། ། སྲིད་ལ་བརྐམ་པའི་ཚེ་འདིའི་སྣང་བ་དང་། །རང་བདེ་འདོད་པའི་བློ་རྣམས་མི་འབྱུང་ཤོག །བདག་གིས་བདོག་པའི་དངོས་པོ་ཐམས་
ཅད་ལ། །མ་ཆགས་བློ་ཡིས་སེར་སྣ་བཅོམ་བྱས་ཏེ། ། ཐོག་མར་ཟང་ཟིང་སྦྱིན་པས་སེམས་ཅན་རྣམས། །འཁོར་དུ་བསྡུས་ནས་ཆོས་ཀྱིས་ཚིམ་བྱེད་ཤོག །
ཇི་ལྟར་ནོད་པའི་བསླབ་པ་ཕྲ་བ་ཡང༌། །ངེས་འབྱུང་བསམ་པས་བྱང་ཆུབ་ཐོབ་ཀྱི་བར། ། སྲོག་གི་ཕྱིར་ཡང་གཏོང་བར་མི་བྱེད་པའི། །ཐར་པའི་རྒྱལ་མཚན་
རྟག་ཏུ་འཛིན་པར་ཤོག །བདག་ལ་བརྡེག་འཚོག་མཚང་འབྲུའི་སེམས་ཅན་རྣམས། །མཐོང་ངམ་ཐོས་སམ་ཡིད་ལ་དྲན་པའི་ཚེ། །ཁོང་ཁྲོ་བྲལ་ཞིང་སླར་ཡང་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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ཉམས་པར་བྱེད་པའི་ལེ་ལོ་རྣམ་པ་གསུམ། །ཀུན་ནས་སྤངས་ཏེ་བརྩོན་འགྲུས་རྩོམ་པར་ཤོག །སྲིད་མཐའ་གནོན་པའི་ལྷག་མཐོང་སྟོབས་དང་བྲལ། །
ཞི་མཐའ་གནོན་པའི་སྙིང་རྗེའི་རླན་གྱིས་དབེན། ། ཕལ་ཆེར་སྲིད་པར་འཕེན་པར་བྱེད་པ་ཡི། །ཞི་གནས་སྤངས་ཏེ་ཟུང་འབྲེལ་སྒོམ་པར་ཤོག །གནས་
ལུགས་ཟབ་མོའི་དོན་ལ་སྐྲག་གྱུར་ནས། །བློས་བྱས་ཉི་ཚེའི་སྟོང་པ་མཆོག་འཛིན་པའི། ། ལོག་པའི་ལྟ་ངན་མཐའ་དག་རབ་སྤངས་ཏེ། །ཆོས་ཀུན་གདོད་
ནས་སྟོང་པར་རྟོགས་པར་ཤོག །རྣམ་དག་བསླབ་པ་ཁྲེལ་མེད་སེམས་ཀྱིས་བྲལ། །དམ་པས་སྨད་པའི་ལས་ལ་འཇིགས་མི་བྱེད། ། ཁྲིམས་འཆལ་དགེ་
སྦྱོང་ཤ་ཚུགས་ཅན་རྣམས་ཀྱང་།།བདག་གིས་སྐྱོན་མེད་ཁྲིམས་ལ་སྦྱོར་བར་ཤོག །ཡང་དག་ལམ་དོར་ལོག་པའི་ལམ་ངན་ཞུགས། །མི་དགེའི་བཤེས་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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རྩོད་རྩོམ་པ་སེངྒེའི་སྒྲས། །ལོག་སྨྲའི་ཝ་ཚོགས་སྤོབས་པ་འཕྲོག་བྱས་ནས། ། གང་གིས་འདུལ་བའི་ཐབས་ཀྱིས་རྗེས་བཟུང་སྟེ། །མི་ནུབ་བསྟན་
པའི་རྒྱལ་མཚན་འཛིན་པར་ཤོག །བདག་ནི་གང་དུ་སྐྱེས་ནས་ཐུབ་པ་ཡི། །གསུང་གི་བདུད་རྩི་འཐུང་བ་དེ་ཡི་ཚེ། ། རིགས་གཟུགས་འབྱོར་དང་དབང་
ཕྱུག་ཤེས་རབ་དང༌། །ཚེ་རིང་ནད་མེད་བདེ་དང་ལྡན་པར་ཤོག །བདག་གི་ལུས་དང་སྲོག་དང་ལོངས་སྤྱོད་ལ། །རྒྱུན་དུ་འཚེ་བའི་བསམ་པ་དང་ལྡན་ཞིང་། ། 
བདག་ལ་མི་སྙན་བརྗོད་པ་དེ་དག་ལའང་། །བདག་ནི་ལྷག་པར་མ་བཞིན་བྱམས་གྱུར་ཅིག །བདག་གིས་དེ་དག་རིང་པོར་མི་ཐོགས་པར། །བདག་པས་
གཞན་གཅེས་སྒོམ་པའི་བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས། ། ལྷག་བསམ་དག་པ་རྒྱུད་ལ་བསྐྱེད་བྱས་ནས། །བླ་མེད་བྱང་ཆུབ་གོ་འཕང་སྟེར་བར་ཤོག །སྨོན་ལམ་འདི་དག་གང་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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མེད་པར་ཤོག །ལྷག་བསམ་དག་པའི་སྟོབས་ཀྱིས་ལེགས་བསྒྲུབས་པའི། །རྒྱ་ཆེན་སྨོན་ལམ་བཏབ་པ་འདི་ཡི་མཐུས། ། སྨོན་ལམ་ཕ་རོལ་ཕྱིན་པ་
ཡོངས་རྫོགས་ནས། །ལུས་ཅན་ཀུན་གྱི་རེ་བ་སྐོང་བར་ཤོག །ཅེས་ཐོག་མ་དང་བར་དང་ཐ་མར་དགེ་བའི་སྨོན་ལམ་འདི་ནི་མང་དུ་ཐོས་པའི་རྒྱལ་ཁམས་
པ་བློ་བཟང་གྲགས་པའི་དཔལ་གྱིས་གཞོ་སྟོད་དཔལ་གྱི་འབྲི་ཁུང་ཐེལ་དུ་སྦྱར་བའོ། །&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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མེད་པར་ཤོག །ལྷག་བསམ་དག་པའི་སྟོབས་ཀྱིས་ལེགས་བསྒྲུབས་པའི། །རྒྱ་ཆེན་སྨོན་ལམ་བཏབ་པ་འདི་ཡི་མཐུས། ། སྨོན་ལམ་ཕ་རོལ་ཕྱིན་པ་
ཡོངས་རྫོགས་ནས། །ལུས་ཅན་ཀུན་གྱི་རེ་བ་སྐོང་བར་ཤོག །ཅེས་ཐོག་མ་དང་བར་དང་ཐ་མར་དགེ་བའི་སྨོན་ལམ་འདི་ནི་མང་དུ་ཐོས་པའི་རྒྱལ་ཁམས་
པ་བློ་བཟང་གྲགས་པའི་དཔལ་གྱིས་གཞོ་སྟོད་དཔལ་གྱི་འབྲི་ཁུང་ཐེལ་དུ་སྦྱར་བའོ། །&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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