Wikisource:Scriptorium

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== Tech News: 2026-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* As part of the current work of Community Tech team on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W372|Multiple watchlists]] project, the display of [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]] will be updated as a first step towards multiple watchlists. Additionally, the pagination on [[Special:Search|Search]] will be updated too, as a part of the work on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W186|Revamp pagination / page navigation]] wish. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411596]
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] is a MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that lets you see your watchlists from different wikis on the same page. It was recently updated to look more like the regular [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]], such as preparing it for temporary accounts in IP masking (including rerouting user links to contributions pages), making page titles bold, and opening links in edit summaries and tags in new browser tabs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398361][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298919][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273526][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286309]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where global blocks did not have the option to disable sending emails, has now been fixed, and will be available for use in the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401293]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Citation tool|VisualEditor citation tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] now support &quot;map&quot; as a reference type. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411083]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]/[[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.11|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:33, 12 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 ==

Dear Wikimedia communities,

We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year.

''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.''

In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects.

We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community.

📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]]

If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs:  
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]]
* [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]]

''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]'''''

''Stay connected and receive updates:''  
* [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel]  
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list]

We look forward to collaborating with you and your community.


'''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The tray shown on [[Special:Diff|Special:Diff]] in mobile view has been redesigned. It is now collapsed by default, and incorporates a link to undo the edit being viewed, making it easier for mobile editors and reviewers to take action while keeping the interface uncluttered. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402297] 
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now automatically determines the text direction (ensuring correct display of sites with unusual domain names) and shows detailed descriptions for log actions. Later this week, a new permanent link for page creations and CSS classes for each entry element will be added. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T412505][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287929][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262768][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414135]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the previously observed issue in Vector 2022, where anchor link targets were obscured by the sticky header, has now been addressed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406114]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* As mentioned in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|October 2025 deprecation announcement]], MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin sunsetting all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the MediaWiki REST API the week of January 26. Changes are expected to roll out to all wikis on or before January 30th. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found, compared, and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox]. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in Phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* Interactive reference documentation for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia REST API|Wikimedia REST API]] has moved. Requests to API docs previously hosted through [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase|RESTBase]] (e.g.: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/&lt;/code&gt;) are now redirected to the [[w:en:Special:RestSandbox|REST Sandbox]].
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] (WDP) has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|January 2026 newsletter]]. It includes updates on the legacy full-graph endpoint decommissioning, the User-Agent policy change, the monthly Blazegraph migration office hours, and efforts to reduce regressions caused by the legacy endpoint shutdown. As a reminder, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|subscribe to the WDP newsletter]]!
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.12|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications opened mid-December and will close soon or when capacity is reached. It's a two-day, technically oriented hackathon bringing together Wikimedians from the region. Hope to see you there!

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:29, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

21:02, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Support for Bodo Wikisource (Ws/brx) on Wikimedia Incubator ==

Hello,

I am working on setting up Bodo Wikisource (language code: brx) on Wikimedia Incubator.
I would like guidance on ProofreadPage, Index creation, and language approval process.

Bodo is an officially recognized language of India and is written in Devanagari script.

Thank you. [[User:Bkbrahma1|Bkbrahma1]] ([[User talk:Bkbrahma1|talk]]) 07:37, 21 January 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia Foundation invites comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Year1 Reflections and Proposed Way Forward 2026 Update|proposed future]] of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] until 28 February.
* All users with registered accounts can now use passkeys for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). Passkeys are a simple way to log in without using a second device. They verify the user's identity using a fingerprint, face scan, or a PIN code. To set up a passkey, first set up a regular 2FA method. Currently, to log in with a passkey, users must also use a password. Later this quarter, passwordless login will allow users to log in with a single click and a passkey. Users with advanced rights will also be required to have 2FA enabled. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project.
* Unregistered contributors on blocked IPs or blocked IP ranges can now interact on-wiki to appeal a block by creating a temporary account to appeal a block on the user talk page, unless the &quot;prevent this user from editing their own talk page&quot; is enabled. This solves the problem of logged-out users unable to use the default unblock process via user talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398673]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) methods description on the management page has been updated. It is now clearer and easier for users to understand and make use of. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332385]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new AbuseFilter variable, &lt;code&gt;account_type&lt;/code&gt;, has been added to provide a reliable way to determine the account type being created in the &lt;code&gt;createaccount&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;autocreateaccount&lt;/code&gt; actions. As part of this change, the variable &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; has been renamed to &lt;code&gt;account_name&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; is now deprecated. Edit filter managers should update any filters that use hardcoded account type checks or the deprecated variable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414049]
* Image thumbnails that are requested in non-standard sizes, and using non-standard methods such as direct requests to &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;upload.wikimedia.org/…&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; will stop working in the near future. This change is to prevent ongoing external abuse by web-scrapers and bots. Some users with custom CSS/JS, Interface Admins who can fix gadgets and local skins, and Tool-authors, will need to update their code to use standard thumbnail sizes. [[phab:T414805|Details, search-links, and examples of how to fix them, are available in the task]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.13|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:17, 26 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The &quot;{{int:pageinfo-toolboxlink}}&quot; feature, which gives validating information about a page ([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=info}} example]), now automatically includes a table of contents. If there is a local [[{{ns:8}}:Pageinfo-header]] page created by individual users, it can now be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363726]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, VisualEditor previously added bold or italic formatting inside link descriptions, making the wikicode complex. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409669]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* There was no XML dump on 20 January. Additionally, from now on, dumps will be generated once per month only. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414389]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team removed support for all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:REST%20API MediaWiki REST API]. All API users currently calling those endpoints are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.14|MediaWiki]]

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Users are reminded that the Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:43, 2 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Page language ==

It is possible to change page language from default to Lingua Franca Nova (&lt;code&gt;lfn&lt;/code&gt; for [[Main Page/Lingua Franca Nova]], [[La Prea a Senior]] and [[Jura de Hipocrate]]? Thanks in advance. [[User:Evelino Ucelo|Evelino Ucelo]] ([[User talk:Evelino Ucelo|talk]]) 17:10, 5 February 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Logged-in contributors who manage large or complex watchlists can now organise and filter watched pages in ways that improve their workflows with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]] feature. By adding custom labels (for example: pages you created, pages being monitored for vandalism, or discussion pages) users can more quickly identify what needs attention, reduce cognitive load, and respond more efficiently. This improves watchlist usability, especially for highly active editors.
* A new feature available on [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] shows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] that are likely operated by the same person, and so makes patrolling less time-consuming. Upon checking contributions of a temporary account, users with access to temporary account IP addresses can now see a view of contributions from the related temporary accounts. The feature looks up all the IPs associated with a given temporary account within the data retention period and shows all the contributions of all temporary accounts that have used these IPs. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts#February 2026: Improvements to the patroller tooling|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415674] 
* When editors preview a wikitext edit, the reminder box that they are only seeing a preview (which is shown at the top), now has a grey/neutral background instead of a yellow/warning background. This makes it easier to distinguish preview notes from actual warnings (for example, edit conflicts or problematic redirect targets), which will now be shown in separate warning or error boxes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414742]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now properly supports more than one Wikibase site, for example both [[d:|Wikidata]] and [[testwikidata:|testwikidata]]. In addition, issues regarding text direction have been fixed for users who prefer Wikidata or other Wikibase sites in right-to-left (RTL) languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415440][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415458]
* The automatic &quot;magic links&quot; for ISBN, RFC, and PMID numbers have been [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic links|deprecated in wikitext since 2021]] due to inflexibility and difficulties with localization. Several wikis have successfully replaced RFC and PMID magic links with equivalent external links, but a template was often required to replace the functionality of the ISBN magic link. There is now a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#isbn|built-in parser function]] &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#isbn}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; available to replace the basic functionality of the ISBN magic link. This makes it easier for wikis who wish to migrate off of the deprecated magic link functionality to do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145604]
* Two new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35401|Jju]] ([[w:kaj:|&lt;code&gt;w:kaj:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413283]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q1186896|Nawat]] ([[w:ppl:|&lt;code&gt;w:ppl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413273]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. 

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new global user group has been created: [[{{int:grouppage-local-bot}}|{{int:group-local-bot}}]]. It will be used internally by the software to allow community bots to bypass rate limits that are applied to abusive [[w:en:Web scraping|web scrapers]]. Accounts that are approved as bots on at least one Wikimedia wiki will be automatically added to this group. It will not change what user permissions the bot has. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415588]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.15|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Spring 2026|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Spring 2026]] will be held March 25–27 in Salt Lake City, USA. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/AZBWVI46SDEB65PGR5J6E4TYOQQEZXM7/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:30, 9 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Best place to translate meta-works about the capture of knowledge? ==

There are some interesting freely licensed works about librarianship, archiving, and the like.  E.g. this recent paper on [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VMkNDcY1KBH1YV0QOVGs38o6eetUTddj/view Content Authenticity and Provenance ] -- which are often in just one language and not well indexed, but bear preserving and translating.  Is there a good WS project or collection for such things?  Does it make sense to have a language-neutral wikiproject for collecting this type of knowledge across the field? [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 18:52, 11 February 2026 (UTC)

:{{en|My initial thought is that it makes the most sense to transcribe the original text on [[:en:]] (or whatever the source language is) and then allow the other languages' projects to pursue their own translations in accordance with their own policies. Perhaps coordination could be done via a multilingual wikiproject, like [[Wiksource:WikiProject Translations]] or similar. I've just started looking around the multilingual wikisource myself so I'm not sure if we have any more infrastructure than the mere ''possibility ''of organizing such a thing. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 22:43, 2 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Team]] will be performing a cleanup of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Etherpad|Etherpad]] instance, the web-based editor for real-time collaborative document editing. All pads will be permanently deleted after 30 April, 2026 – if there are still migration projects in progress at that point the team can revisit the date on a case by case basis. Please create local backups of any content you wish to keep, as deleted data cannot be recovered. This cleanup helps reduce database size and minimize infrastructure footprint. Etherpad will continue to support real-time collaboration, but long-term storage should not be expected. Additional cleanups may occur in the future without prior notice. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415237]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Information Retrieval team will be launching an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Android mobile app experiment]] that tests hybrid search capabilities which can handle both semantic and keyword queries. The improvement of on-platform search will enable readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. The experiment will first be launched on Greek Wikipedia in late February, followed by English, French, and Portuguese in March. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/ Read more] on Diff blog. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Information_Retrieval]
* The Reader Growth team will run [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.10.2 Mobile Table of Contents|an experiment]] for mobile web users, that adds a table of contents and automatically expands all article sections, to learn more about navigation issues they face. The test will be available on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias.
* Previously, site notices ([[{{ns:8}}:Sitenotice]] and [[{{ns:8}}:Anonnotice]]) would only render on the desktop site. Now, they will render on all platforms. Users on mobile web will now see these notices and be informed. Site administrators should be prepared to test and fix notices on mobile devices to avoid interference with articles. To opt out, interface admins can add &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#siteNotice { display: none; }&lt;/code&gt; to [[{{ns:8}}:Minerva.css]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138572][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416644]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue on [[Special:RecentChanges|Special:RecentChanges]] has been fixed. Previously, clicking hide in the active filters caused the &quot;view new changes since…&quot; button to disappear, though it should have remained visible. The button now behaves as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406339]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* New documentation is now available to help editors debug on-site search features. It supports troubleshooting when pages do not appear in results, when ranking seems unexpected, and when you need to inspect what content is being indexed, helping make search behavior easier to understand and analyze. [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/Debug|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411169]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.16|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:17, 16 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]] has been deployed to English Wikipedia, completing its rollout across all Wikipedias. The feature prompts newcomers to add a citation before publishing new content, helping reduce common citation-related reverts and improve verifiability. In A/B testing, the impact was substantial: newcomers shown Reference Check were approximately 2.2 times more likely to include a reference on desktop and about 17.5 times more likely on mobile web. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/reference_check_ab_test_report_final_2025.html]
'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:InterwikiSorting|InterwikiSorting extension]], which allowed for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interwiki sorting order|sorting of interwiki links]], has been undeployed from Wikipedia. As a result, editors who had enabled interwiki link sorting in non-compact mode (full list format) will now see links reordered. The links moving forward will be listed in the alphabetical order of language code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253764]
* Later this week, people who are editing a page-section using the mobile visual editor, will notice a new &quot;Edit full page&quot; button. When tapped, you will be able to edit the entire article. This helps when the change you want to make is outside the section you initially opened. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409112]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|The Reader Experience team]] is inviting editors to assess whether dark mode should still be considered &quot;beta&quot; on their wiki, based on their experience of how well it functions on desktop and mobile. If the feature is deemed mature, editors can update the interface messages in &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:skin-theme-description&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Vector-night-mode-beta-tag&lt;/code&gt; to indicate that dark mode is ready and no longer considered beta.
* The improved [[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Activity_Tab|Activity tab]] which displays user-insights is now available to all users of the Wikipedia iOS app (version 7.9.0 and later). Following earlier A/B testing that showed higher account creation among users with access to the feature, it has been rolled out to 100% of users along with some updates. The Activity tab now shows your edited articles in the timeline, offers editing impact insights like contribution counts and article view trends, and customization options to improve in-app experience for users.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug that prevented [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] from working on mobile has now been fixed, restoring full functionality. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415303]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that makes this possible continues to improve. The latest upgrade is the inclusion of a [[mw:Extension:GlobalWatchlist#hook|new hook]], &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.globalwatchlist.rebuild&lt;/code&gt;, which fires after each watchlist rebuild. This allows you to run gadgets and user scripts for the Special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275159]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.17|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:03, 23 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikipedia 25 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|Birthday mode]] is now live on Betawi, Breton, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, Gorontalo, Indonesian, Italian, Luxembourgish, Madurese, Sicilian, Spanish, Thai, and Vietnamese Wikipedias! This limited-time campaign feature celebrates 25 years of Wikipedia with a birthday mascot, Baby Globe. When turned on, Baby Globe is shown on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments/article configuration|~2,500 articles]], waiting to be discovered by readers. Communities can choose to turn Birthday mode on by getting consensus from their community and asking an admin to enable the feature and customize it via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#Community Configuration Demo|community configuration]] on the local wiki.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to Swedish Wikipedia, Polish Wikipedia and [[:phab:T418209|a couple of other wikis]]. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|try the feature]] on these projects or on testwiki and [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing betawiki]. Learnings from the first pilot wiki German Wikipedia have been [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published in a report]]. Reach out to the Wikimedia Deutschland team if you are [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|interested in becoming a pilot wiki]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Paste check|Paste Check]] will become available at all Wikipedias this week. The feature prompts newcomers who are pasting text they are not likely to have written into VisualEditor to consider whether doing so risks a copyright violation. Paste Check [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|tags]] all edits where it is shown for potential review. Local administrators can configure various aspects of the feature via [[{{#special:EditChecks}}]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#A/B Experiment|Research]] across 22 wikis found that Paste Check resulted in an 18% decrease in relative reverted-edits compared to the control group. Translators can [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&amp;filter=&amp;optional=1&amp;action=translate help to localize] this and related features.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] will be standardizing the user menu in the top right for all mobile users so that it is closer to the desktop experience. Currently this user menu is only visible to users with Advanced Mobile Controls (AMC) turned on. The only change is that a couple buttons previously in the left-side menu will move to the top right for users who do not have AMC turned on. This change is expected to go out March 9 and seeks to improve the user interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413912]
* Starting in the week of March 2, the emails sent out when an email address was added, removed, or changed for an account will switch to a substantially nicer and clearer HTML email from the prior plaintext one. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410807]
* Notifications are currently limited to 2,000 historic entries per user, and extend back to 2013 when the feature was released. This is going to be changed to only store Notifications from the last 5 years, but up to 10,000 of them. This will help with long-term infrastructure health and help to prevent more recent notifications from disappearing too soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page continues to see improvements. The latest update improves label usage experience. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] now allows activating the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback languages|language fallback system]] for Wikidata items without labels in the viewed language, and showing those labels in the user’s preferred Wikidata language if no &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;uselang=&lt;/code&gt; URL parameter is provided. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373686][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416111]
* The Wikipedia Android team has started a beta test of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|hybrid search]] on Greek Wikipedia. Hybrid search capabilities can handle both semantic and keyword queries enabling readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily.
* For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Currently, 2FA is required to use the group, but not to be a member of it. Given that this model still has some vulnerabilities, the situation will [[phab:T418580|gradually change in March]]. Members of these groups will be unable to disable last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the second half of March, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. This applies to: CentralNotice administrators, checkusers, interface administrators, suppressors, Wikidata staff, Wikifunctions staff, WMF Office IT and WMF Trust &amp; Safety. Nothing will change for other users. See the linked task for deployment schedule. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418580]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue preventing users from creating an instance in [https://www.wikibase.cloud/ Wikibase.cloud] has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416807]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], over the next month the Wikimedia Foundation will implement global API rate limits across our APIs. In early March, stricter limits will be applied to unidentified requests from outside Toolforge/WMCS and API requests that are made from web browsers. In April, higher limits will be applied to identified traffic. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The Wikidata Query Service Linked Data Fragment (LDF) endpoint will be decommissioned in February. This endpoint served limited traffic, which was successfully migrated to other data access methods that were better suited to support existing use cases. The hardware used to support the LDF endpoint will be reallocated to support the ongoing backend migration efforts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415696]
* The new Parsoid parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], improving platform sustainability and making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. Parsoid is now the default parser on 488 WMF wikis (268 Wikipedias), now covering more than 10% of all Wikipedia page views.
* The process and criteria for [[Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise#Access|requesting exceptional access]] to the high volume feed of the ''Wikimedia Enterprise'' APIs (at no cost for mission-aligned usecases), [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Enterprise#Exceptional access criteria|have now been published]]. This is to provide more thorough and clearer documentation for users.
* [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/ Tech Blog], the blog dedicated to the Wikimedia technical community [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2026/02/24/a-tech-blog-diff/ will be migrating] to [[diffblog:|Diff]], the community news and event blog. The migration should be complete in April 2026, after which new posts will be accepted for publishing. Readers will be able to access posts – old and new – on the landing page at https://diff.wikimedia.org/techblog.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.18|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:51, 2 March 2026 (UTC)
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== Did some Author category cleanup, thinking about next steps ==

{{en| Good morning all, I recently moved around a bunch of categories in [[:Category:Authors]]. Notable additions include [[:Category:Authors by language]], [[:Category:Authors by profession]]. I also updated [[WS:LANG]] to include a column for language-specific Author categories, which are also (generally) collected in [[:Category:Authors by language]]. There is presently no consistent organization for the language author categories, which I think is fine, but I'd be interested in making some kind of consistency which we can use going forward.
: My thinking is that we could create categories like [[:Category:eng authors]] or [[:Category:zho authors]] for all of the languages represented here on multi-language wikisource with ISO-639 codes. Then, either redirect those pages to their respective language-specific Author categories (when they exist); or use them as their own category which would then be categorized into both the language's category and [[:Category:Authors by language]]. For example, [[:Category:lv authors]] would redirect to the Latvian-language [[:Category:Autori]], while [[:Category:tpn authors]] would serve as the equivalent Tupi-language category. This would help provide some useful infrastructure to support new languages works and authors in the future. 
: Thoughts? I'm open to suggestions. Don't want to be overly English-oriented, or create too much administrative burden for new users and language content. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:26, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}}

:

:{{en|An additional thought: I think it would be helpful if we created category pages for each ISO 639-1 code, possibly -2 or -3 as well for at least the languages included on multilingual wikisource and on their own subdomains. These would generally redirect to the language categories. For example, [[:Category:en]] would redirect to [[:Category:English]], [[:Category:lv]] would redirect to [[:Category:Ladin]], [[:Category:Ru]] would redirect to [[:Category:Русский]]. This would just be helpful for quickly categorizing works without having to find the specific &quot;correct&quot; category. Again, let me know what you think. [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 23:34, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.
* Last week, all wikis had 2 hours of read-only time, and extended unavailability for user-scripts and gadgets. This was due to a security incident which has since been resolved. Work is ongoing to prevent re-occurrences. For current information please see the [[m:Steward's noticeboard#Statement on Meta about today's user script security incident|post on the Stewards' noticeboard]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Product Safety and Integrity/March 2026 User Script Incident|translations]]).

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users facing multiple blocks on mobile will now see the reasons for each block separately, instead of a generic message. This helps them understand why they are blocked and what steps they can take to resolve the issue. For example, users affected for using common VPNs (such as [[Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|iCloud Private Relay]]) will receive clearer guidance on what they need to do to start editing again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357118]
* Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] will become available as a beta feature within the visual editor at all Wikipedias. This feature proactively suggests various types of actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, and learn about related guidelines. The feature is locally configurable, and can also be locally expanded with custom Suggestions. Current settings can be seen at [[Special:EditChecks]] and there are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators %E2%80%93 local customization|instructions for how administrators can customize]] the links to point to local guidelines. The feature is connected to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit check]] which suggests improvements while someone is writing new content. In the future, the Editing team plans to evaluate the feature's impact with newcomers through a controlled experiment. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404600]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where the cursor became misaligned during the use of CodeMirror’s syntax highlighting, which makes wikitext and code easier to read, has now been fixed. This problem specifically affected users who defined a font rule in a custom stylesheet while creating a new topic with DiscussionTools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418793]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* API rate limiting update: To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], global API rate limits will be applied this week to requests without a compliant User-Agent that originate from outside Toolforge/WMCS and to unauthenticated requests made from web browsers. Higher limits will be applied to identified traffic in April. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The new GraphQL API has been released. The API was developed as a flexible alternative to select features of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS), to improve developer experience and foster adaptability, and efficient data access. Try it out and [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL#Feedback and development|give feedback]]. You can also [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply sign up for usability tests].
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|PTAC Unsupported Tools Working Group]] continued improvements to [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons#|Video2Commons]] in February, with fixes addressing authentication errors, large-file handling, task queue visibility, and clearer upload behavior. Work is still ongoing in some areas, including changes related to deprecated server-side uploads. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group#February 2026|this update]] to learn more.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.19|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The Article Guidance team invites experienced Wikipedia editors from selected [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators#Collaborators|pilot wikis]] and interested contributors from other Wikipedias to fill out this questionnaire which is available in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfmLeVWnxmsCbPoI_UF2jyRcn73WRGWCVPHzerXb4Cz97X_Ag/viewform English], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd6rzr4XXQw8r4024fE3geTPFe13M_6w7Mitj-YJi0sOlWTAw/viewform?usp=header Arabic], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdok3-RfB18lcugYTUMGkpwmqG_8p760Wv4dCXitOXOszjUDw/viewform?usp=header Bengali], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfjTfYp4jEo0akA4B1e-Nfg3QZPCudUjhJzHzzDi6AHyAaMGA/viewform?usp=header Japanese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScteVoI29Aue4xc72dekk-6RYtvmMgQxzMI900UOawrFrSTWg/viewform?usp=header Portuguese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSetdxnYwL3ub2vqA7awCg5hJZPMIYcDPaiTe12rY9h0GYnVlw/viewform?usp=header Persian], and [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScNvfJF-Ot-4pzA4qAN771_0QDJ4Li19YcUsaTgSKW8Nc7U_Q/viewform?usp=header Turkish]. Your answers will help the team customize guidance for less experienced editors and help them learn community policies and practices while creating an article. Learn more [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|on the project page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:52, 9 March 2026 (UTC)
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== TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) gadget ==

{{ping|Pecha-pema|Abhignkr47|Saaifa|Mathmitch7}} and anyone interested. Greetings, pleasure to meet you and sorry to disturb. Apologies for writing in English. You appear to be the most active on Multilingual Wikisource of the latest days. I'm sorry for whoever interested I did not alert, I did not want to send out too many unwanted pings.

In short, I have written a gadget that can render [[w:Text Encoding Initiative|TEI XML]]-format texts as HTML. (You can turn it on in your preferences and check how it handles [[TEI:Fare i ri ëvetar shqip]]. A brief explanation is at [[Wikisource:TEI Gadget]].) It is a format used for a more scholarly kind of transcription, mainly used for palaeography, manuscripts or thorough critical digital editions. This is not meant as a replacement of the current situation but a way to better digitalise the cases which are not well-handled by Wikitext.

For technical reasons, mostly about security, the solution requires a new namespace (i.e. the thing that comes the colon in a page title, like &lt;code&gt;Page:&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Talk:&lt;/code&gt;), so I have to file a technical request for the namespace &lt;code&gt;TEI:&lt;/code&gt;. As regrettably scatterful as this project is, I assume that such a change would not be carried through without an attempt at a discussion with other editors. For this reason, I ask here whether any of you would oppose such a change.

Thank you for your love of writing, and the work you do to record it. :) [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 16:23, 13 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|Personally I'm fine with having a TEI: namespace or something similar. Support for this kind of document format would be very helpful and putting TEI documents into their own namespace seems like a good way to integrate it with our existing workflow, using a TEI: page as a source and then transcluding it to a normal &quot;work&quot; namespace using a template/Lua module.
: However, I would like to see us think about how we could use TEI or TEI markup alongside the existing Page transcription and transclusion workflow. I think one of the best things about Wikisource is that pages in the mainspace are generally linked back to their source scan in an easily verifiable, traceable, and auditable way. Although TEI is great for transcriptions, I don’t yet see an analogue for that particular type of &quot;backing&quot; to a scan. The example document you link has source information, but some work would need to be done to get to something as granular as what we already have for scan verification and to support proofreading efforts.
: That all being said, if the gadget works and TEI-XML is as robust as it appears to be, I’m fine with doing what must be done to implement support for it. If that includes a special namespace, at least here on multilingual ws, I '''support'''. Cheers! -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 19:45, 13 March 2026 (UTC)}}
::Hello, thanks for your thoughts and your support! :) I agree that scan-backed transcription is the strongest point of boast for Wikisource. The thing is that the transformers are very versatile, which isn't well visible by the example I gave, which only shows two almost-identical transformer schemes, with the only difference being script (if it can help get the idea, the green-boxed header is also generated by a transformer of the same structure.) With this in mind, my thought was to have &quot;Original scan&quot; as one of the selectable transformers (i.e. a column), which is fairly easily doable, just requires for the transformer to ignore all tags, except for &lt;code&gt;&lt;pb/&gt;&lt;/code&gt; (&quot;page break&quot;), which would show the images.
::I was going to implement this, I didn't because there is an unrelated [[phab:T418178|ongoing bug]] which makes the pages of DJVU files not display. See for example [[Page:Veqilharxhi - Ëvetar (1845).djvu/1]] (the same work already in wikitext). The page image used to work a while ago. So for now it would have looked like a bunch of error messages in mainspace. But it's definitely doable once the bug is fixed. :)
::This to me is also a way to make the scans more immediately accessible to the reader. I find them to be very valuable, especially in cases of manuscripts and other kind of texts in which TEI in particular shines, and having scans into a separate namespace always felt a bit like hiding them to me. The idea of having them user-toggleable seemed quite neat.
::Admittedly, it is true that it will never be as easy. TEI is inevitable much more cumbersome, difficult to learn and master, and in many cases harder to read from the source. The main workspace of editors using will most likely never be the Wikisource editor box, but rather VS Code with the &quot;Scholarly XML&quot; extension (AFAIK, most accessible widely used TEI environment), or similar software. For these reason, I emphasise that that TEI is meant for those who particularly have a lot of time and dedication at their disposal, and are willing to go through the hardships that are required to get something of academic quality. The vast majority of texts will be kept in wikitext. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 20:32, 13 March 2026 (UTC)
:What are the security concerns of having such a namespace enabled and how would you deal with them? Recently there was a mass deletion of random articles in multiple wikis because of a personal JS script gone rogue. PS: (I am well in favor of offering the wide community a sufficiently good for them standard for transcribing. Also I guess there is plenty of text already transcribed this way we could incorporate.) [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 11:36, 1 April 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature, also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], has been used for wikitext syntax highlighting since November 2024. It will be promoted out of beta by May 2026 in order to bring improvements and new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Features|features]] to all editors who use the standard syntax highlighter. If you have any questions or concerns about promoting the feature out of beta, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|please share]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059]
* Some changes to local user groups are performed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and logged there only. Now, interwiki rights changes will be logged both on Meta-Wiki and the wiki of the target user to make it easier to access a full record of user's rights changes on a local wiki. Past log entries for such changes will be backfilled in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6055]
* On wikis using [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]], the number of pending changes shown on [[{{#Special:PendingChanges}}]] previously counted pages which were no longer pending review, because they have been removed from the system without being reviewed, e.g. due to being deleted, moved to a different namespace, or due to wiki configuration changes. The count will be correct now. On some wikis the number shown will be much smaller than before. There should be no change to the list of pages itself. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413016]
* Wikifunctions composition language has been rewritten, resulting in a new version of the language. This change aims to increase service stability by reducing the orchestrator's memory consumption. This rewrite also enables substantial latency reduction, code simplification, and better abstractions, which will open the door to later feature additions. Read more about [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|the changes]].
* Users can now sort search results alphabetically by page title. The update gives an additional option to finding pages more easily and quickly. Previously, results could be sorted by Edit date, Creation date, or Relevance. To use the new option, open 'Advanced Search' on the search results page and select 'Alphabetically' under 'Sorting Order'. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403775]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons from importing files from Flickr has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419263]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new special page, [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}]], has been created to list transcluded pages that are flagged as containing lint errors to help users discover them easily. The list is sorted by the number of transclusions with errors. For example: [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}/night-mode-unaware-background-color]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170874]
* Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature have been using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages, for some time now. Along with promoting CodeMirror 6 out of beta, the plan is to replace CodeEditor as the standard editor for these content models by May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|Feedback or concerns are welcome]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] JavaScript modules will soon be upgraded to CodeMirror 6. Leading up to the upgrade, loading the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.lib&lt;/code&gt; modules from gadgets and user scripts was deprecated in July 2025. The use of the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.switch&lt;/code&gt; hook was also deprecated in March 2025. Contributors can now make their scripts or gadgets compatible with CodeMirror 6. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror#Gadgets and user scripts|migration guide]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373720]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team is expanding coverage of REST API module definitions to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API/Extensions|extension APIs]]. REST API modules are groups of related endpoints that can be independently managed and versioned. Modules now exist for [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414470 GrowthExperiments] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419053 Wikifunctions] APIs. As we migrate extension APIs to this structure, documentation will move out of the main MediaWiki OpenAPI spec and REST Sandbox view, and will instead be accessible via module-specific options in the dropdown on the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox] (i.e., [[{{#Special:RestSandbox}}]], available on all wiki projects).
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] extension provides different pieces of information about the wiki where the module is being used via the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual|mw.site]] library. Starting last week, the library also provides a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.site.wikiId|way]] of accessing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Wiki ID|wiki ID]] that can be used to facilitate cross-wiki module maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146616]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.20|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|2026 Coolest Tool Award]] celebrating outstanding community tools, is now open for nominations! Nominate your favorite tool using the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/435684?lang=en nomination survey] form by 23 March 2026. For more information on privacy and data handling, please see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Coolest_Tool_Award_2026_Survey_Privacy_Statement|survey privacy statement]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:35, 16 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30260505 --&gt;

== Images for &quot;toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter&quot; are broken because of an incorrect thumbnail size ==

When trying to edit [[toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter]], all of the page images are broken. (Example: [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-872px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg Page 938], obtained from the &quot;Image&quot; tab at the top of [[Page:Toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter.pdf/938]])

It looks like this is because the images are using 872px as the thumbnail size. Setting the size of the thumbnail manually in the URL to 960px (or any of the other sizes listed [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Common_thumbnail_sizes here]) fixes the issue ([https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-960px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg fixed URL for page 938]).

Is there a way for the default thumbnail size be changed to something other than 872px so the images show up properly in the editor?

Thanks in advance.

[[User:Tymewalk|Tymewalk]] ([[User talk:Tymewalk|talk]]) 03:47, 19 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|This strikes me as a weird quirk or possible bug in ProofreadPage. I can confirm that I get the same kind of broken page image, using Firefox 148.0.2 for Windows, and the Monobook skin. I’ll see if I can force a fix by just purging some pages here and on commons, as sometimes that fixes issues with PDFHandler. Otherwise, we can try posting over to [[:mw:Project:Village Pump]] and see if anybody knows if it’s related to a known and tracked issue, or if it needs a new issue reported. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:23, 23 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikimedia site users can now log in without a password using passkeys. This is a secure method supported by fingerprint, facial recognition, or PIN. With this change, all users who opt for passwordless login will find it easier, faster, and more secure to log in to their accounts using any device. The new passkey login option currently appears as an autofill suggestion in the username field. An additional [[phab:T417120|&quot;Log in with passkey&quot; button]] will soon be available for users who have already registered a passkey. This update will improve security and user experience. The [[c:File:Passwordless_login_screencast.webm|screen recording]] demonstrates the passwordless login process step by step.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia site users can now export their notifications older than 5 years using a [[toolforge:echo-chamber|new Toolforge tool]]. This will ensure that users retain their important notifications and avoid them being lost based on the planned change to delete notifications older than 5 years, as previously announced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* Wikipedia editors in Indonesian, Thai, Turkish, and Simple English now have access to Special:PersonalDashboard. This is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Dashboard|early version of an experience]] that introduces newer editors to patrolling workflows, making it easier for them to move from making edits to participating in more advanced moderation work on their project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402647]
* The [[Special:Block]] now has two minor interface changes. Administrators can now easily perform indefinite blocks through a dedicated radio button in the expiry section. Also, choosing an indefinite expiry provides a different set of common reasons to select from, which can be changed at: [[MediaWiki:Ipbreason-indef-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401823]
* Mobile editors [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Logged-out|at several wikis]] can now see an improved logged-out edit warning, thanks to the recent updates from the Growth team. These changes released last week are part of ongoing efforts and tests to enhance [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|account creation experience on mobile]] and then increase participation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408484]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:36}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:36|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented mobile web users from seeing the block information when affected by multiple blocks has been fixed. They can now see messages of all the blocks currently affecting them when they access Wikipedia.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Images built using Toolforge will soon get the upgraded buildpacks version, bringing support for newer language versions and other upstream improvements and fixes. If you use Toolforge Build Service, review the recent [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EMYTA32EV2V5SQ2JIEOD2CL66YFIZEKV/ cloud-announce email] and update your build configuration as necessary to ensure your tools are compatible. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Toolforge/Building_container_images&amp;oldid=2392097#Buildpack_environment_upgrade_process][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380127]

* The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal] documentation wiki will shut down in June 2026. API keys created on the API Portal will continue to work normally. api.wikimedia.org endpoints will be deprecated gradually starting in July 2026. Documentation on the API Portal is moving to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.21|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is considering improvements to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|automatically generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Please check out the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Proposed solutions|proposed solutions]] and participate in the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Request for comment|request for comment]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:51, 23 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30268305 --&gt;

== Proposed changes to [[Main Page]] ==

I think we should:
#Move it to [[Wikisource:Main Page]] and
#Include some text introducing that this is a stand-alone wiki, not just a portal. I think we should explain that this wiki hosts:
#*Multilingual works
#*Works in a language with too small a corpus
#*Works that are incubating to a subdomain
#*Works that are made up of non-linguistic content
#*Works with languages that have subdomains but that won't accept a particular work for whatever reason
Thoughts on these changes? —[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''vf&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 06:20, 25 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|I think about this a lot, and I don’t have a great answer. Honestly, my ideal would be to split multi-lingual WS into mul.wikisource.org, and organize it as its own project, and make this main wikisource.org ''just'' a portal to those other sites, similar to how Wikipedia works (and by default redirecting all traffic to specific pages to the page on mul.ws). I think that would be clearer to people, including editors. However, that’s a pretty big change, and I wouldn’t move forward with it without substantial discussion both here and at individual language subdomains.
: In the meantime, I think your proposal’s points are reasonable. I don’t see a particular reason to move the main page to [[Wikisource:Main Page]], but everything else seems fine. I would also add that the main page should specifically say &quot;Welcome to Multilingual Wikisource.&quot; -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 13:01, 30 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Upcoming Wikimedia Café meetup regarding the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]] ==

{{tmbox
| image = [[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|45px]]
| type=notice
| text  = Hello! There will be a '''[[:meta:Wikimedia Café|Wikimedia Café]]''' meetup on '''Saturday, 11 April 2026 at 14:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1775916000 timestamp conversion tool]), focusing on the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]]. The featured guests will be &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:KStineRowe_(WMF) Kelsi Stine-Rowe]&lt;/span&gt; (senior manager, [[:meta:Movement Communications|Movement Communications]], Wikimedia Foundation), and &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Samwalton9_(WMF) Sam Walton] (senior product manager, [[:mw:Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools]], Wikimedia Foundation). &lt;br /&gt;

In addition to this Café session, [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration|several additional meetings regarding the Annual Plan are listed on the Collaboration page]], and you may participate on the [[:meta:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. &lt;br /&gt;

This Café meetup will be approximately two hours long. Attendees may choose to attend only for a part. Please see the Café page for more information, including [[:meta:Wikimedia Café#Signups for the April 2026 session|how to register]]. &lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]]
}}
[[User:Pine|Pine]] ([[User talk:Pine|talk]]) 05:18, 29 March 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-14 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Beta version of [[abstract:|Abstract Wikipedia]] a new Wikimedia project which is language-independent, was launched last week. The project allows communities to build Wikipedia articles in their native language, which can be readily accessed by other users in their own languages. The wiki is powered by instructions from Wikifunctions and also based on structured content from Wikidata. [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-26|Read more]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Growth team is running an A/B test to evaluate a clearer, more user-friendly message that promotes account creation on wikis. Currently when logged-out mobile users begin editing, they see a jarring warning message that can feel abrupt and discouraging. This also presents temporary account editing as the default rather than encouraging account creation. The test is running on ten Wikipedias, including Arabic, French, Spanish and German. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#2. Improve logged-out warning message (T415160)|Read more]].
* The Wikimedia Apps team is inviting feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Future of Editing on the Mobile Apps|how editing should work on the Wikipedia mobile apps]]. The discussion focuses on improving how users access editing tools when they tap &quot;Edit&quot;. This is part of a broader effort to convert readers who develop an interest in editing, to access a more user-friendly pathway to start contributing.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:45}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:45|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where citation fetching from the large newspaper archive [https://www.newspapers.com Newspapers.com] was no longer working, due to a block in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid|Citoid]] requests, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419903]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.22|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W14&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:25, 30 March 2026 (UTC)
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== Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) ==

Hello everyone,

This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as &lt;code&gt;Module:Itemgroup/list&lt;/code&gt;).

'''The Change:'''&lt;br /&gt;
Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. 

We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''.

'''What You Need To Do:'''&lt;br /&gt;
To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search.

'''Deadline:'''&lt;br /&gt;
We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles.

Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:11, 3 April 2026 (UTC)
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      <sha1>1fv5ykuo8c01ighqajtw4vnbftf13qy</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1333109</id>
      <parentid>1333075</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T09:27:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Namoroka</username>
        <id>50099</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Proposed changes to Main Page */</comment>
      <origin>1333109</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="88499" sha1="ip90xooakqfhsca5mltchefc3pw3zhc" xml:space="preserve">{{scriptoriumhead}}
== Tech News: 2026-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* As part of the current work of Community Tech team on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W372|Multiple watchlists]] project, the display of [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]] will be updated as a first step towards multiple watchlists. Additionally, the pagination on [[Special:Search|Search]] will be updated too, as a part of the work on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W186|Revamp pagination / page navigation]] wish. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411596]
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] is a MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that lets you see your watchlists from different wikis on the same page. It was recently updated to look more like the regular [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]], such as preparing it for temporary accounts in IP masking (including rerouting user links to contributions pages), making page titles bold, and opening links in edit summaries and tags in new browser tabs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398361][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298919][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273526][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286309]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where global blocks did not have the option to disable sending emails, has now been fixed, and will be available for use in the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401293]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Citation tool|VisualEditor citation tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] now support &quot;map&quot; as a reference type. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411083]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]/[[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.11|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:33, 12 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 ==

Dear Wikimedia communities,

We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year.

''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.''

In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects.

We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community.

📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]]

If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs:  
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]]
* [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]]

''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]'''''

''Stay connected and receive updates:''  
* [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel]  
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list]

We look forward to collaborating with you and your community.


'''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The tray shown on [[Special:Diff|Special:Diff]] in mobile view has been redesigned. It is now collapsed by default, and incorporates a link to undo the edit being viewed, making it easier for mobile editors and reviewers to take action while keeping the interface uncluttered. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402297] 
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now automatically determines the text direction (ensuring correct display of sites with unusual domain names) and shows detailed descriptions for log actions. Later this week, a new permanent link for page creations and CSS classes for each entry element will be added. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T412505][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287929][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262768][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414135]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the previously observed issue in Vector 2022, where anchor link targets were obscured by the sticky header, has now been addressed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406114]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* As mentioned in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|October 2025 deprecation announcement]], MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin sunsetting all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the MediaWiki REST API the week of January 26. Changes are expected to roll out to all wikis on or before January 30th. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found, compared, and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox]. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in Phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* Interactive reference documentation for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia REST API|Wikimedia REST API]] has moved. Requests to API docs previously hosted through [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase|RESTBase]] (e.g.: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/&lt;/code&gt;) are now redirected to the [[w:en:Special:RestSandbox|REST Sandbox]].
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] (WDP) has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|January 2026 newsletter]]. It includes updates on the legacy full-graph endpoint decommissioning, the User-Agent policy change, the monthly Blazegraph migration office hours, and efforts to reduce regressions caused by the legacy endpoint shutdown. As a reminder, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|subscribe to the WDP newsletter]]!
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.12|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications opened mid-December and will close soon or when capacity is reached. It's a two-day, technically oriented hackathon bringing together Wikimedians from the region. Hope to see you there!

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:29, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

21:02, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Support for Bodo Wikisource (Ws/brx) on Wikimedia Incubator ==

Hello,

I am working on setting up Bodo Wikisource (language code: brx) on Wikimedia Incubator.
I would like guidance on ProofreadPage, Index creation, and language approval process.

Bodo is an officially recognized language of India and is written in Devanagari script.

Thank you. [[User:Bkbrahma1|Bkbrahma1]] ([[User talk:Bkbrahma1|talk]]) 07:37, 21 January 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia Foundation invites comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Year1 Reflections and Proposed Way Forward 2026 Update|proposed future]] of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] until 28 February.
* All users with registered accounts can now use passkeys for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). Passkeys are a simple way to log in without using a second device. They verify the user's identity using a fingerprint, face scan, or a PIN code. To set up a passkey, first set up a regular 2FA method. Currently, to log in with a passkey, users must also use a password. Later this quarter, passwordless login will allow users to log in with a single click and a passkey. Users with advanced rights will also be required to have 2FA enabled. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project.
* Unregistered contributors on blocked IPs or blocked IP ranges can now interact on-wiki to appeal a block by creating a temporary account to appeal a block on the user talk page, unless the &quot;prevent this user from editing their own talk page&quot; is enabled. This solves the problem of logged-out users unable to use the default unblock process via user talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398673]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) methods description on the management page has been updated. It is now clearer and easier for users to understand and make use of. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332385]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new AbuseFilter variable, &lt;code&gt;account_type&lt;/code&gt;, has been added to provide a reliable way to determine the account type being created in the &lt;code&gt;createaccount&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;autocreateaccount&lt;/code&gt; actions. As part of this change, the variable &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; has been renamed to &lt;code&gt;account_name&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; is now deprecated. Edit filter managers should update any filters that use hardcoded account type checks or the deprecated variable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414049]
* Image thumbnails that are requested in non-standard sizes, and using non-standard methods such as direct requests to &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;upload.wikimedia.org/…&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; will stop working in the near future. This change is to prevent ongoing external abuse by web-scrapers and bots. Some users with custom CSS/JS, Interface Admins who can fix gadgets and local skins, and Tool-authors, will need to update their code to use standard thumbnail sizes. [[phab:T414805|Details, search-links, and examples of how to fix them, are available in the task]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.13|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:17, 26 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The &quot;{{int:pageinfo-toolboxlink}}&quot; feature, which gives validating information about a page ([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=info}} example]), now automatically includes a table of contents. If there is a local [[{{ns:8}}:Pageinfo-header]] page created by individual users, it can now be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363726]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, VisualEditor previously added bold or italic formatting inside link descriptions, making the wikicode complex. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409669]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* There was no XML dump on 20 January. Additionally, from now on, dumps will be generated once per month only. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414389]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team removed support for all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:REST%20API MediaWiki REST API]. All API users currently calling those endpoints are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.14|MediaWiki]]

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Users are reminded that the Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:43, 2 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Page language ==

It is possible to change page language from default to Lingua Franca Nova (&lt;code&gt;lfn&lt;/code&gt; for [[Main Page/Lingua Franca Nova]], [[La Prea a Senior]] and [[Jura de Hipocrate]]? Thanks in advance. [[User:Evelino Ucelo|Evelino Ucelo]] ([[User talk:Evelino Ucelo|talk]]) 17:10, 5 February 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Logged-in contributors who manage large or complex watchlists can now organise and filter watched pages in ways that improve their workflows with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]] feature. By adding custom labels (for example: pages you created, pages being monitored for vandalism, or discussion pages) users can more quickly identify what needs attention, reduce cognitive load, and respond more efficiently. This improves watchlist usability, especially for highly active editors.
* A new feature available on [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] shows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] that are likely operated by the same person, and so makes patrolling less time-consuming. Upon checking contributions of a temporary account, users with access to temporary account IP addresses can now see a view of contributions from the related temporary accounts. The feature looks up all the IPs associated with a given temporary account within the data retention period and shows all the contributions of all temporary accounts that have used these IPs. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts#February 2026: Improvements to the patroller tooling|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415674] 
* When editors preview a wikitext edit, the reminder box that they are only seeing a preview (which is shown at the top), now has a grey/neutral background instead of a yellow/warning background. This makes it easier to distinguish preview notes from actual warnings (for example, edit conflicts or problematic redirect targets), which will now be shown in separate warning or error boxes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414742]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now properly supports more than one Wikibase site, for example both [[d:|Wikidata]] and [[testwikidata:|testwikidata]]. In addition, issues regarding text direction have been fixed for users who prefer Wikidata or other Wikibase sites in right-to-left (RTL) languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415440][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415458]
* The automatic &quot;magic links&quot; for ISBN, RFC, and PMID numbers have been [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic links|deprecated in wikitext since 2021]] due to inflexibility and difficulties with localization. Several wikis have successfully replaced RFC and PMID magic links with equivalent external links, but a template was often required to replace the functionality of the ISBN magic link. There is now a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#isbn|built-in parser function]] &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#isbn}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; available to replace the basic functionality of the ISBN magic link. This makes it easier for wikis who wish to migrate off of the deprecated magic link functionality to do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145604]
* Two new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35401|Jju]] ([[w:kaj:|&lt;code&gt;w:kaj:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413283]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q1186896|Nawat]] ([[w:ppl:|&lt;code&gt;w:ppl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413273]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. 

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new global user group has been created: [[{{int:grouppage-local-bot}}|{{int:group-local-bot}}]]. It will be used internally by the software to allow community bots to bypass rate limits that are applied to abusive [[w:en:Web scraping|web scrapers]]. Accounts that are approved as bots on at least one Wikimedia wiki will be automatically added to this group. It will not change what user permissions the bot has. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415588]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.15|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Spring 2026|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Spring 2026]] will be held March 25–27 in Salt Lake City, USA. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/AZBWVI46SDEB65PGR5J6E4TYOQQEZXM7/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:30, 9 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Best place to translate meta-works about the capture of knowledge? ==

There are some interesting freely licensed works about librarianship, archiving, and the like.  E.g. this recent paper on [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VMkNDcY1KBH1YV0QOVGs38o6eetUTddj/view Content Authenticity and Provenance ] -- which are often in just one language and not well indexed, but bear preserving and translating.  Is there a good WS project or collection for such things?  Does it make sense to have a language-neutral wikiproject for collecting this type of knowledge across the field? [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 18:52, 11 February 2026 (UTC)

:{{en|My initial thought is that it makes the most sense to transcribe the original text on [[:en:]] (or whatever the source language is) and then allow the other languages' projects to pursue their own translations in accordance with their own policies. Perhaps coordination could be done via a multilingual wikiproject, like [[Wiksource:WikiProject Translations]] or similar. I've just started looking around the multilingual wikisource myself so I'm not sure if we have any more infrastructure than the mere ''possibility ''of organizing such a thing. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 22:43, 2 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Team]] will be performing a cleanup of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Etherpad|Etherpad]] instance, the web-based editor for real-time collaborative document editing. All pads will be permanently deleted after 30 April, 2026 – if there are still migration projects in progress at that point the team can revisit the date on a case by case basis. Please create local backups of any content you wish to keep, as deleted data cannot be recovered. This cleanup helps reduce database size and minimize infrastructure footprint. Etherpad will continue to support real-time collaboration, but long-term storage should not be expected. Additional cleanups may occur in the future without prior notice. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415237]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Information Retrieval team will be launching an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Android mobile app experiment]] that tests hybrid search capabilities which can handle both semantic and keyword queries. The improvement of on-platform search will enable readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. The experiment will first be launched on Greek Wikipedia in late February, followed by English, French, and Portuguese in March. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/ Read more] on Diff blog. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Information_Retrieval]
* The Reader Growth team will run [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.10.2 Mobile Table of Contents|an experiment]] for mobile web users, that adds a table of contents and automatically expands all article sections, to learn more about navigation issues they face. The test will be available on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias.
* Previously, site notices ([[{{ns:8}}:Sitenotice]] and [[{{ns:8}}:Anonnotice]]) would only render on the desktop site. Now, they will render on all platforms. Users on mobile web will now see these notices and be informed. Site administrators should be prepared to test and fix notices on mobile devices to avoid interference with articles. To opt out, interface admins can add &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#siteNotice { display: none; }&lt;/code&gt; to [[{{ns:8}}:Minerva.css]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138572][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416644]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue on [[Special:RecentChanges|Special:RecentChanges]] has been fixed. Previously, clicking hide in the active filters caused the &quot;view new changes since…&quot; button to disappear, though it should have remained visible. The button now behaves as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406339]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* New documentation is now available to help editors debug on-site search features. It supports troubleshooting when pages do not appear in results, when ranking seems unexpected, and when you need to inspect what content is being indexed, helping make search behavior easier to understand and analyze. [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/Debug|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411169]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.16|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:17, 16 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]] has been deployed to English Wikipedia, completing its rollout across all Wikipedias. The feature prompts newcomers to add a citation before publishing new content, helping reduce common citation-related reverts and improve verifiability. In A/B testing, the impact was substantial: newcomers shown Reference Check were approximately 2.2 times more likely to include a reference on desktop and about 17.5 times more likely on mobile web. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/reference_check_ab_test_report_final_2025.html]
'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:InterwikiSorting|InterwikiSorting extension]], which allowed for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interwiki sorting order|sorting of interwiki links]], has been undeployed from Wikipedia. As a result, editors who had enabled interwiki link sorting in non-compact mode (full list format) will now see links reordered. The links moving forward will be listed in the alphabetical order of language code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253764]
* Later this week, people who are editing a page-section using the mobile visual editor, will notice a new &quot;Edit full page&quot; button. When tapped, you will be able to edit the entire article. This helps when the change you want to make is outside the section you initially opened. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409112]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|The Reader Experience team]] is inviting editors to assess whether dark mode should still be considered &quot;beta&quot; on their wiki, based on their experience of how well it functions on desktop and mobile. If the feature is deemed mature, editors can update the interface messages in &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:skin-theme-description&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Vector-night-mode-beta-tag&lt;/code&gt; to indicate that dark mode is ready and no longer considered beta.
* The improved [[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Activity_Tab|Activity tab]] which displays user-insights is now available to all users of the Wikipedia iOS app (version 7.9.0 and later). Following earlier A/B testing that showed higher account creation among users with access to the feature, it has been rolled out to 100% of users along with some updates. The Activity tab now shows your edited articles in the timeline, offers editing impact insights like contribution counts and article view trends, and customization options to improve in-app experience for users.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug that prevented [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] from working on mobile has now been fixed, restoring full functionality. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415303]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that makes this possible continues to improve. The latest upgrade is the inclusion of a [[mw:Extension:GlobalWatchlist#hook|new hook]], &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.globalwatchlist.rebuild&lt;/code&gt;, which fires after each watchlist rebuild. This allows you to run gadgets and user scripts for the Special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275159]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.17|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:03, 23 February 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30119102 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2026-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikipedia 25 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|Birthday mode]] is now live on Betawi, Breton, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, Gorontalo, Indonesian, Italian, Luxembourgish, Madurese, Sicilian, Spanish, Thai, and Vietnamese Wikipedias! This limited-time campaign feature celebrates 25 years of Wikipedia with a birthday mascot, Baby Globe. When turned on, Baby Globe is shown on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments/article configuration|~2,500 articles]], waiting to be discovered by readers. Communities can choose to turn Birthday mode on by getting consensus from their community and asking an admin to enable the feature and customize it via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#Community Configuration Demo|community configuration]] on the local wiki.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to Swedish Wikipedia, Polish Wikipedia and [[:phab:T418209|a couple of other wikis]]. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|try the feature]] on these projects or on testwiki and [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing betawiki]. Learnings from the first pilot wiki German Wikipedia have been [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published in a report]]. Reach out to the Wikimedia Deutschland team if you are [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|interested in becoming a pilot wiki]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Paste check|Paste Check]] will become available at all Wikipedias this week. The feature prompts newcomers who are pasting text they are not likely to have written into VisualEditor to consider whether doing so risks a copyright violation. Paste Check [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|tags]] all edits where it is shown for potential review. Local administrators can configure various aspects of the feature via [[{{#special:EditChecks}}]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#A/B Experiment|Research]] across 22 wikis found that Paste Check resulted in an 18% decrease in relative reverted-edits compared to the control group. Translators can [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&amp;filter=&amp;optional=1&amp;action=translate help to localize] this and related features.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] will be standardizing the user menu in the top right for all mobile users so that it is closer to the desktop experience. Currently this user menu is only visible to users with Advanced Mobile Controls (AMC) turned on. The only change is that a couple buttons previously in the left-side menu will move to the top right for users who do not have AMC turned on. This change is expected to go out March 9 and seeks to improve the user interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413912]
* Starting in the week of March 2, the emails sent out when an email address was added, removed, or changed for an account will switch to a substantially nicer and clearer HTML email from the prior plaintext one. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410807]
* Notifications are currently limited to 2,000 historic entries per user, and extend back to 2013 when the feature was released. This is going to be changed to only store Notifications from the last 5 years, but up to 10,000 of them. This will help with long-term infrastructure health and help to prevent more recent notifications from disappearing too soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page continues to see improvements. The latest update improves label usage experience. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] now allows activating the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback languages|language fallback system]] for Wikidata items without labels in the viewed language, and showing those labels in the user’s preferred Wikidata language if no &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;uselang=&lt;/code&gt; URL parameter is provided. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373686][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416111]
* The Wikipedia Android team has started a beta test of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|hybrid search]] on Greek Wikipedia. Hybrid search capabilities can handle both semantic and keyword queries enabling readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily.
* For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Currently, 2FA is required to use the group, but not to be a member of it. Given that this model still has some vulnerabilities, the situation will [[phab:T418580|gradually change in March]]. Members of these groups will be unable to disable last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the second half of March, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. This applies to: CentralNotice administrators, checkusers, interface administrators, suppressors, Wikidata staff, Wikifunctions staff, WMF Office IT and WMF Trust &amp; Safety. Nothing will change for other users. See the linked task for deployment schedule. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418580]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue preventing users from creating an instance in [https://www.wikibase.cloud/ Wikibase.cloud] has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416807]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], over the next month the Wikimedia Foundation will implement global API rate limits across our APIs. In early March, stricter limits will be applied to unidentified requests from outside Toolforge/WMCS and API requests that are made from web browsers. In April, higher limits will be applied to identified traffic. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The Wikidata Query Service Linked Data Fragment (LDF) endpoint will be decommissioned in February. This endpoint served limited traffic, which was successfully migrated to other data access methods that were better suited to support existing use cases. The hardware used to support the LDF endpoint will be reallocated to support the ongoing backend migration efforts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415696]
* The new Parsoid parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], improving platform sustainability and making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. Parsoid is now the default parser on 488 WMF wikis (268 Wikipedias), now covering more than 10% of all Wikipedia page views.
* The process and criteria for [[Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise#Access|requesting exceptional access]] to the high volume feed of the ''Wikimedia Enterprise'' APIs (at no cost for mission-aligned usecases), [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Enterprise#Exceptional access criteria|have now been published]]. This is to provide more thorough and clearer documentation for users.
* [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/ Tech Blog], the blog dedicated to the Wikimedia technical community [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2026/02/24/a-tech-blog-diff/ will be migrating] to [[diffblog:|Diff]], the community news and event blog. The migration should be complete in April 2026, after which new posts will be accepted for publishing. Readers will be able to access posts – old and new – on the landing page at https://diff.wikimedia.org/techblog.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.18|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:51, 2 March 2026 (UTC)
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== Did some Author category cleanup, thinking about next steps ==

{{en| Good morning all, I recently moved around a bunch of categories in [[:Category:Authors]]. Notable additions include [[:Category:Authors by language]], [[:Category:Authors by profession]]. I also updated [[WS:LANG]] to include a column for language-specific Author categories, which are also (generally) collected in [[:Category:Authors by language]]. There is presently no consistent organization for the language author categories, which I think is fine, but I'd be interested in making some kind of consistency which we can use going forward.
: My thinking is that we could create categories like [[:Category:eng authors]] or [[:Category:zho authors]] for all of the languages represented here on multi-language wikisource with ISO-639 codes. Then, either redirect those pages to their respective language-specific Author categories (when they exist); or use them as their own category which would then be categorized into both the language's category and [[:Category:Authors by language]]. For example, [[:Category:lv authors]] would redirect to the Latvian-language [[:Category:Autori]], while [[:Category:tpn authors]] would serve as the equivalent Tupi-language category. This would help provide some useful infrastructure to support new languages works and authors in the future. 
: Thoughts? I'm open to suggestions. Don't want to be overly English-oriented, or create too much administrative burden for new users and language content. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:26, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}}

:

:{{en|An additional thought: I think it would be helpful if we created category pages for each ISO 639-1 code, possibly -2 or -3 as well for at least the languages included on multilingual wikisource and on their own subdomains. These would generally redirect to the language categories. For example, [[:Category:en]] would redirect to [[:Category:English]], [[:Category:lv]] would redirect to [[:Category:Ladin]], [[:Category:Ru]] would redirect to [[:Category:Русский]]. This would just be helpful for quickly categorizing works without having to find the specific &quot;correct&quot; category. Again, let me know what you think. [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 23:34, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.
* Last week, all wikis had 2 hours of read-only time, and extended unavailability for user-scripts and gadgets. This was due to a security incident which has since been resolved. Work is ongoing to prevent re-occurrences. For current information please see the [[m:Steward's noticeboard#Statement on Meta about today's user script security incident|post on the Stewards' noticeboard]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Product Safety and Integrity/March 2026 User Script Incident|translations]]).

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users facing multiple blocks on mobile will now see the reasons for each block separately, instead of a generic message. This helps them understand why they are blocked and what steps they can take to resolve the issue. For example, users affected for using common VPNs (such as [[Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|iCloud Private Relay]]) will receive clearer guidance on what they need to do to start editing again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357118]
* Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] will become available as a beta feature within the visual editor at all Wikipedias. This feature proactively suggests various types of actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, and learn about related guidelines. The feature is locally configurable, and can also be locally expanded with custom Suggestions. Current settings can be seen at [[Special:EditChecks]] and there are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators %E2%80%93 local customization|instructions for how administrators can customize]] the links to point to local guidelines. The feature is connected to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit check]] which suggests improvements while someone is writing new content. In the future, the Editing team plans to evaluate the feature's impact with newcomers through a controlled experiment. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404600]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where the cursor became misaligned during the use of CodeMirror’s syntax highlighting, which makes wikitext and code easier to read, has now been fixed. This problem specifically affected users who defined a font rule in a custom stylesheet while creating a new topic with DiscussionTools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418793]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* API rate limiting update: To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], global API rate limits will be applied this week to requests without a compliant User-Agent that originate from outside Toolforge/WMCS and to unauthenticated requests made from web browsers. Higher limits will be applied to identified traffic in April. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The new GraphQL API has been released. The API was developed as a flexible alternative to select features of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS), to improve developer experience and foster adaptability, and efficient data access. Try it out and [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL#Feedback and development|give feedback]]. You can also [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply sign up for usability tests].
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|PTAC Unsupported Tools Working Group]] continued improvements to [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons#|Video2Commons]] in February, with fixes addressing authentication errors, large-file handling, task queue visibility, and clearer upload behavior. Work is still ongoing in some areas, including changes related to deprecated server-side uploads. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group#February 2026|this update]] to learn more.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.19|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The Article Guidance team invites experienced Wikipedia editors from selected [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators#Collaborators|pilot wikis]] and interested contributors from other Wikipedias to fill out this questionnaire which is available in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfmLeVWnxmsCbPoI_UF2jyRcn73WRGWCVPHzerXb4Cz97X_Ag/viewform English], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd6rzr4XXQw8r4024fE3geTPFe13M_6w7Mitj-YJi0sOlWTAw/viewform?usp=header Arabic], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdok3-RfB18lcugYTUMGkpwmqG_8p760Wv4dCXitOXOszjUDw/viewform?usp=header Bengali], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfjTfYp4jEo0akA4B1e-Nfg3QZPCudUjhJzHzzDi6AHyAaMGA/viewform?usp=header Japanese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScteVoI29Aue4xc72dekk-6RYtvmMgQxzMI900UOawrFrSTWg/viewform?usp=header Portuguese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSetdxnYwL3ub2vqA7awCg5hJZPMIYcDPaiTe12rY9h0GYnVlw/viewform?usp=header Persian], and [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScNvfJF-Ot-4pzA4qAN771_0QDJ4Li19YcUsaTgSKW8Nc7U_Q/viewform?usp=header Turkish]. Your answers will help the team customize guidance for less experienced editors and help them learn community policies and practices while creating an article. Learn more [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|on the project page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:52, 9 March 2026 (UTC)
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== TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) gadget ==

{{ping|Pecha-pema|Abhignkr47|Saaifa|Mathmitch7}} and anyone interested. Greetings, pleasure to meet you and sorry to disturb. Apologies for writing in English. You appear to be the most active on Multilingual Wikisource of the latest days. I'm sorry for whoever interested I did not alert, I did not want to send out too many unwanted pings.

In short, I have written a gadget that can render [[w:Text Encoding Initiative|TEI XML]]-format texts as HTML. (You can turn it on in your preferences and check how it handles [[TEI:Fare i ri ëvetar shqip]]. A brief explanation is at [[Wikisource:TEI Gadget]].) It is a format used for a more scholarly kind of transcription, mainly used for palaeography, manuscripts or thorough critical digital editions. This is not meant as a replacement of the current situation but a way to better digitalise the cases which are not well-handled by Wikitext.

For technical reasons, mostly about security, the solution requires a new namespace (i.e. the thing that comes the colon in a page title, like &lt;code&gt;Page:&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Talk:&lt;/code&gt;), so I have to file a technical request for the namespace &lt;code&gt;TEI:&lt;/code&gt;. As regrettably scatterful as this project is, I assume that such a change would not be carried through without an attempt at a discussion with other editors. For this reason, I ask here whether any of you would oppose such a change.

Thank you for your love of writing, and the work you do to record it. :) [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 16:23, 13 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|Personally I'm fine with having a TEI: namespace or something similar. Support for this kind of document format would be very helpful and putting TEI documents into their own namespace seems like a good way to integrate it with our existing workflow, using a TEI: page as a source and then transcluding it to a normal &quot;work&quot; namespace using a template/Lua module.
: However, I would like to see us think about how we could use TEI or TEI markup alongside the existing Page transcription and transclusion workflow. I think one of the best things about Wikisource is that pages in the mainspace are generally linked back to their source scan in an easily verifiable, traceable, and auditable way. Although TEI is great for transcriptions, I don’t yet see an analogue for that particular type of &quot;backing&quot; to a scan. The example document you link has source information, but some work would need to be done to get to something as granular as what we already have for scan verification and to support proofreading efforts.
: That all being said, if the gadget works and TEI-XML is as robust as it appears to be, I’m fine with doing what must be done to implement support for it. If that includes a special namespace, at least here on multilingual ws, I '''support'''. Cheers! -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 19:45, 13 March 2026 (UTC)}}
::Hello, thanks for your thoughts and your support! :) I agree that scan-backed transcription is the strongest point of boast for Wikisource. The thing is that the transformers are very versatile, which isn't well visible by the example I gave, which only shows two almost-identical transformer schemes, with the only difference being script (if it can help get the idea, the green-boxed header is also generated by a transformer of the same structure.) With this in mind, my thought was to have &quot;Original scan&quot; as one of the selectable transformers (i.e. a column), which is fairly easily doable, just requires for the transformer to ignore all tags, except for &lt;code&gt;&lt;pb/&gt;&lt;/code&gt; (&quot;page break&quot;), which would show the images.
::I was going to implement this, I didn't because there is an unrelated [[phab:T418178|ongoing bug]] which makes the pages of DJVU files not display. See for example [[Page:Veqilharxhi - Ëvetar (1845).djvu/1]] (the same work already in wikitext). The page image used to work a while ago. So for now it would have looked like a bunch of error messages in mainspace. But it's definitely doable once the bug is fixed. :)
::This to me is also a way to make the scans more immediately accessible to the reader. I find them to be very valuable, especially in cases of manuscripts and other kind of texts in which TEI in particular shines, and having scans into a separate namespace always felt a bit like hiding them to me. The idea of having them user-toggleable seemed quite neat.
::Admittedly, it is true that it will never be as easy. TEI is inevitable much more cumbersome, difficult to learn and master, and in many cases harder to read from the source. The main workspace of editors using will most likely never be the Wikisource editor box, but rather VS Code with the &quot;Scholarly XML&quot; extension (AFAIK, most accessible widely used TEI environment), or similar software. For these reason, I emphasise that that TEI is meant for those who particularly have a lot of time and dedication at their disposal, and are willing to go through the hardships that are required to get something of academic quality. The vast majority of texts will be kept in wikitext. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 20:32, 13 March 2026 (UTC)
:What are the security concerns of having such a namespace enabled and how would you deal with them? Recently there was a mass deletion of random articles in multiple wikis because of a personal JS script gone rogue. PS: (I am well in favor of offering the wide community a sufficiently good for them standard for transcribing. Also I guess there is plenty of text already transcribed this way we could incorporate.) [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 11:36, 1 April 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature, also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], has been used for wikitext syntax highlighting since November 2024. It will be promoted out of beta by May 2026 in order to bring improvements and new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Features|features]] to all editors who use the standard syntax highlighter. If you have any questions or concerns about promoting the feature out of beta, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|please share]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059]
* Some changes to local user groups are performed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and logged there only. Now, interwiki rights changes will be logged both on Meta-Wiki and the wiki of the target user to make it easier to access a full record of user's rights changes on a local wiki. Past log entries for such changes will be backfilled in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6055]
* On wikis using [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]], the number of pending changes shown on [[{{#Special:PendingChanges}}]] previously counted pages which were no longer pending review, because they have been removed from the system without being reviewed, e.g. due to being deleted, moved to a different namespace, or due to wiki configuration changes. The count will be correct now. On some wikis the number shown will be much smaller than before. There should be no change to the list of pages itself. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413016]
* Wikifunctions composition language has been rewritten, resulting in a new version of the language. This change aims to increase service stability by reducing the orchestrator's memory consumption. This rewrite also enables substantial latency reduction, code simplification, and better abstractions, which will open the door to later feature additions. Read more about [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|the changes]].
* Users can now sort search results alphabetically by page title. The update gives an additional option to finding pages more easily and quickly. Previously, results could be sorted by Edit date, Creation date, or Relevance. To use the new option, open 'Advanced Search' on the search results page and select 'Alphabetically' under 'Sorting Order'. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403775]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons from importing files from Flickr has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419263]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new special page, [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}]], has been created to list transcluded pages that are flagged as containing lint errors to help users discover them easily. The list is sorted by the number of transclusions with errors. For example: [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}/night-mode-unaware-background-color]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170874]
* Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature have been using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages, for some time now. Along with promoting CodeMirror 6 out of beta, the plan is to replace CodeEditor as the standard editor for these content models by May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|Feedback or concerns are welcome]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] JavaScript modules will soon be upgraded to CodeMirror 6. Leading up to the upgrade, loading the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.lib&lt;/code&gt; modules from gadgets and user scripts was deprecated in July 2025. The use of the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.switch&lt;/code&gt; hook was also deprecated in March 2025. Contributors can now make their scripts or gadgets compatible with CodeMirror 6. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror#Gadgets and user scripts|migration guide]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373720]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team is expanding coverage of REST API module definitions to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API/Extensions|extension APIs]]. REST API modules are groups of related endpoints that can be independently managed and versioned. Modules now exist for [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414470 GrowthExperiments] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419053 Wikifunctions] APIs. As we migrate extension APIs to this structure, documentation will move out of the main MediaWiki OpenAPI spec and REST Sandbox view, and will instead be accessible via module-specific options in the dropdown on the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox] (i.e., [[{{#Special:RestSandbox}}]], available on all wiki projects).
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] extension provides different pieces of information about the wiki where the module is being used via the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual|mw.site]] library. Starting last week, the library also provides a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.site.wikiId|way]] of accessing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Wiki ID|wiki ID]] that can be used to facilitate cross-wiki module maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146616]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.20|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|2026 Coolest Tool Award]] celebrating outstanding community tools, is now open for nominations! Nominate your favorite tool using the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/435684?lang=en nomination survey] form by 23 March 2026. For more information on privacy and data handling, please see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Coolest_Tool_Award_2026_Survey_Privacy_Statement|survey privacy statement]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:35, 16 March 2026 (UTC)
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== Images for &quot;toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter&quot; are broken because of an incorrect thumbnail size ==

When trying to edit [[toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter]], all of the page images are broken. (Example: [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-872px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg Page 938], obtained from the &quot;Image&quot; tab at the top of [[Page:Toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter.pdf/938]])

It looks like this is because the images are using 872px as the thumbnail size. Setting the size of the thumbnail manually in the URL to 960px (or any of the other sizes listed [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Common_thumbnail_sizes here]) fixes the issue ([https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-960px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg fixed URL for page 938]).

Is there a way for the default thumbnail size be changed to something other than 872px so the images show up properly in the editor?

Thanks in advance.

[[User:Tymewalk|Tymewalk]] ([[User talk:Tymewalk|talk]]) 03:47, 19 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|This strikes me as a weird quirk or possible bug in ProofreadPage. I can confirm that I get the same kind of broken page image, using Firefox 148.0.2 for Windows, and the Monobook skin. I’ll see if I can force a fix by just purging some pages here and on commons, as sometimes that fixes issues with PDFHandler. Otherwise, we can try posting over to [[:mw:Project:Village Pump]] and see if anybody knows if it’s related to a known and tracked issue, or if it needs a new issue reported. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:23, 23 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikimedia site users can now log in without a password using passkeys. This is a secure method supported by fingerprint, facial recognition, or PIN. With this change, all users who opt for passwordless login will find it easier, faster, and more secure to log in to their accounts using any device. The new passkey login option currently appears as an autofill suggestion in the username field. An additional [[phab:T417120|&quot;Log in with passkey&quot; button]] will soon be available for users who have already registered a passkey. This update will improve security and user experience. The [[c:File:Passwordless_login_screencast.webm|screen recording]] demonstrates the passwordless login process step by step.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia site users can now export their notifications older than 5 years using a [[toolforge:echo-chamber|new Toolforge tool]]. This will ensure that users retain their important notifications and avoid them being lost based on the planned change to delete notifications older than 5 years, as previously announced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* Wikipedia editors in Indonesian, Thai, Turkish, and Simple English now have access to Special:PersonalDashboard. This is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Dashboard|early version of an experience]] that introduces newer editors to patrolling workflows, making it easier for them to move from making edits to participating in more advanced moderation work on their project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402647]
* The [[Special:Block]] now has two minor interface changes. Administrators can now easily perform indefinite blocks through a dedicated radio button in the expiry section. Also, choosing an indefinite expiry provides a different set of common reasons to select from, which can be changed at: [[MediaWiki:Ipbreason-indef-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401823]
* Mobile editors [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Logged-out|at several wikis]] can now see an improved logged-out edit warning, thanks to the recent updates from the Growth team. These changes released last week are part of ongoing efforts and tests to enhance [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|account creation experience on mobile]] and then increase participation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408484]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:36}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:36|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented mobile web users from seeing the block information when affected by multiple blocks has been fixed. They can now see messages of all the blocks currently affecting them when they access Wikipedia.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Images built using Toolforge will soon get the upgraded buildpacks version, bringing support for newer language versions and other upstream improvements and fixes. If you use Toolforge Build Service, review the recent [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EMYTA32EV2V5SQ2JIEOD2CL66YFIZEKV/ cloud-announce email] and update your build configuration as necessary to ensure your tools are compatible. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Toolforge/Building_container_images&amp;oldid=2392097#Buildpack_environment_upgrade_process][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380127]

* The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal] documentation wiki will shut down in June 2026. API keys created on the API Portal will continue to work normally. api.wikimedia.org endpoints will be deprecated gradually starting in July 2026. Documentation on the API Portal is moving to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.21|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is considering improvements to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|automatically generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Please check out the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Proposed solutions|proposed solutions]] and participate in the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Request for comment|request for comment]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:51, 23 March 2026 (UTC)
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== Proposed changes to [[Main Page]] ==

I think we should:
#Move it to [[Wikisource:Main Page]] and
#Include some text introducing that this is a stand-alone wiki, not just a portal. I think we should explain that this wiki hosts:
#*Multilingual works
#*Works in a language with too small a corpus
#*Works that are incubating to a subdomain
#*Works that are made up of non-linguistic content
#*Works with languages that have subdomains but that won't accept a particular work for whatever reason
Thoughts on these changes? —[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''vf&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 06:20, 25 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|I think about this a lot, and I don’t have a great answer. Honestly, my ideal would be to split multi-lingual WS into mul.wikisource.org, and organize it as its own project, and make this main wikisource.org ''just'' a portal to those other sites, similar to how Wikipedia works (and by default redirecting all traffic to specific pages to the page on mul.ws). I think that would be clearer to people, including editors. However, that’s a pretty big change, and I wouldn’t move forward with it without substantial discussion both here and at individual language subdomains.
: In the meantime, I think your proposal’s points are reasonable. I don’t see a particular reason to move the main page to [[Wikisource:Main Page]], but everything else seems fine. I would also add that the main page should specifically say &quot;Welcome to Multilingual Wikisource.&quot; -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 13:01, 30 March 2026 (UTC)}}
: I agree with Mathmitch7. Moving to mul.wikisource.org seems like a good idea. I also think we should introduce [[m:Extension:Translation]].--[[User:Namoroka|Namoroka]] ([[User talk:Namoroka|talk]]) 09:27, 4 April 2026 (UTC)

== Upcoming Wikimedia Café meetup regarding the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]] ==

{{tmbox
| image = [[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|45px]]
| type=notice
| text  = Hello! There will be a '''[[:meta:Wikimedia Café|Wikimedia Café]]''' meetup on '''Saturday, 11 April 2026 at 14:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1775916000 timestamp conversion tool]), focusing on the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]]. The featured guests will be &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:KStineRowe_(WMF) Kelsi Stine-Rowe]&lt;/span&gt; (senior manager, [[:meta:Movement Communications|Movement Communications]], Wikimedia Foundation), and &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Samwalton9_(WMF) Sam Walton] (senior product manager, [[:mw:Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools]], Wikimedia Foundation). &lt;br /&gt;

In addition to this Café session, [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration|several additional meetings regarding the Annual Plan are listed on the Collaboration page]], and you may participate on the [[:meta:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. &lt;br /&gt;

This Café meetup will be approximately two hours long. Attendees may choose to attend only for a part. Please see the Café page for more information, including [[:meta:Wikimedia Café#Signups for the April 2026 session|how to register]]. &lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]]
}}
[[User:Pine|Pine]] ([[User talk:Pine|talk]]) 05:18, 29 March 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-14 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Beta version of [[abstract:|Abstract Wikipedia]] a new Wikimedia project which is language-independent, was launched last week. The project allows communities to build Wikipedia articles in their native language, which can be readily accessed by other users in their own languages. The wiki is powered by instructions from Wikifunctions and also based on structured content from Wikidata. [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-26|Read more]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Growth team is running an A/B test to evaluate a clearer, more user-friendly message that promotes account creation on wikis. Currently when logged-out mobile users begin editing, they see a jarring warning message that can feel abrupt and discouraging. This also presents temporary account editing as the default rather than encouraging account creation. The test is running on ten Wikipedias, including Arabic, French, Spanish and German. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#2. Improve logged-out warning message (T415160)|Read more]].
* The Wikimedia Apps team is inviting feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Future of Editing on the Mobile Apps|how editing should work on the Wikipedia mobile apps]]. The discussion focuses on improving how users access editing tools when they tap &quot;Edit&quot;. This is part of a broader effort to convert readers who develop an interest in editing, to access a more user-friendly pathway to start contributing.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:45}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:45|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where citation fetching from the large newspaper archive [https://www.newspapers.com Newspapers.com] was no longer working, due to a block in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid|Citoid]] requests, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419903]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.22|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W14&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:25, 30 March 2026 (UTC)
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== Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) ==

Hello everyone,

This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as &lt;code&gt;Module:Itemgroup/list&lt;/code&gt;).

'''The Change:'''&lt;br /&gt;
Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. 

We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''.

'''What You Need To Do:'''&lt;br /&gt;
To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search.

'''Deadline:'''&lt;br /&gt;
We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles.

Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:11, 3 April 2026 (UTC)
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      <sha1>ip90xooakqfhsca5mltchefc3pw3zhc</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1333110</id>
      <parentid>1333109</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T09:29:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Namoroka</username>
        <id>50099</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Proposed changes to Main Page */</comment>
      <origin>1333110</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="88498" sha1="jtul6zn7ickfcy1lhwgpw372keajuth" xml:space="preserve">{{scriptoriumhead}}
== Tech News: 2026-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* As part of the current work of Community Tech team on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W372|Multiple watchlists]] project, the display of [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]] will be updated as a first step towards multiple watchlists. Additionally, the pagination on [[Special:Search|Search]] will be updated too, as a part of the work on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W186|Revamp pagination / page navigation]] wish. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411596]
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] is a MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that lets you see your watchlists from different wikis on the same page. It was recently updated to look more like the regular [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]], such as preparing it for temporary accounts in IP masking (including rerouting user links to contributions pages), making page titles bold, and opening links in edit summaries and tags in new browser tabs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398361][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298919][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273526][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286309]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where global blocks did not have the option to disable sending emails, has now been fixed, and will be available for use in the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401293]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Citation tool|VisualEditor citation tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] now support &quot;map&quot; as a reference type. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411083]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]/[[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.11|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:33, 12 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 ==

Dear Wikimedia communities,

We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year.

''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.''

In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects.

We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community.

📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]]

If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs:  
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]]
* [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]]

''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]'''''

''Stay connected and receive updates:''  
* [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel]  
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list]

We look forward to collaborating with you and your community.


'''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The tray shown on [[Special:Diff|Special:Diff]] in mobile view has been redesigned. It is now collapsed by default, and incorporates a link to undo the edit being viewed, making it easier for mobile editors and reviewers to take action while keeping the interface uncluttered. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402297] 
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now automatically determines the text direction (ensuring correct display of sites with unusual domain names) and shows detailed descriptions for log actions. Later this week, a new permanent link for page creations and CSS classes for each entry element will be added. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T412505][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287929][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262768][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414135]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the previously observed issue in Vector 2022, where anchor link targets were obscured by the sticky header, has now been addressed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406114]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* As mentioned in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|October 2025 deprecation announcement]], MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin sunsetting all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the MediaWiki REST API the week of January 26. Changes are expected to roll out to all wikis on or before January 30th. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found, compared, and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox]. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in Phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* Interactive reference documentation for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia REST API|Wikimedia REST API]] has moved. Requests to API docs previously hosted through [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase|RESTBase]] (e.g.: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/&lt;/code&gt;) are now redirected to the [[w:en:Special:RestSandbox|REST Sandbox]].
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] (WDP) has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|January 2026 newsletter]]. It includes updates on the legacy full-graph endpoint decommissioning, the User-Agent policy change, the monthly Blazegraph migration office hours, and efforts to reduce regressions caused by the legacy endpoint shutdown. As a reminder, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|subscribe to the WDP newsletter]]!
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.12|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications opened mid-December and will close soon or when capacity is reached. It's a two-day, technically oriented hackathon bringing together Wikimedians from the region. Hope to see you there!

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:29, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

21:02, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Support for Bodo Wikisource (Ws/brx) on Wikimedia Incubator ==

Hello,

I am working on setting up Bodo Wikisource (language code: brx) on Wikimedia Incubator.
I would like guidance on ProofreadPage, Index creation, and language approval process.

Bodo is an officially recognized language of India and is written in Devanagari script.

Thank you. [[User:Bkbrahma1|Bkbrahma1]] ([[User talk:Bkbrahma1|talk]]) 07:37, 21 January 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia Foundation invites comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Year1 Reflections and Proposed Way Forward 2026 Update|proposed future]] of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] until 28 February.
* All users with registered accounts can now use passkeys for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). Passkeys are a simple way to log in without using a second device. They verify the user's identity using a fingerprint, face scan, or a PIN code. To set up a passkey, first set up a regular 2FA method. Currently, to log in with a passkey, users must also use a password. Later this quarter, passwordless login will allow users to log in with a single click and a passkey. Users with advanced rights will also be required to have 2FA enabled. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project.
* Unregistered contributors on blocked IPs or blocked IP ranges can now interact on-wiki to appeal a block by creating a temporary account to appeal a block on the user talk page, unless the &quot;prevent this user from editing their own talk page&quot; is enabled. This solves the problem of logged-out users unable to use the default unblock process via user talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398673]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) methods description on the management page has been updated. It is now clearer and easier for users to understand and make use of. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332385]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new AbuseFilter variable, &lt;code&gt;account_type&lt;/code&gt;, has been added to provide a reliable way to determine the account type being created in the &lt;code&gt;createaccount&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;autocreateaccount&lt;/code&gt; actions. As part of this change, the variable &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; has been renamed to &lt;code&gt;account_name&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; is now deprecated. Edit filter managers should update any filters that use hardcoded account type checks or the deprecated variable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414049]
* Image thumbnails that are requested in non-standard sizes, and using non-standard methods such as direct requests to &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;upload.wikimedia.org/…&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; will stop working in the near future. This change is to prevent ongoing external abuse by web-scrapers and bots. Some users with custom CSS/JS, Interface Admins who can fix gadgets and local skins, and Tool-authors, will need to update their code to use standard thumbnail sizes. [[phab:T414805|Details, search-links, and examples of how to fix them, are available in the task]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.13|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:17, 26 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The &quot;{{int:pageinfo-toolboxlink}}&quot; feature, which gives validating information about a page ([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=info}} example]), now automatically includes a table of contents. If there is a local [[{{ns:8}}:Pageinfo-header]] page created by individual users, it can now be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363726]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, VisualEditor previously added bold or italic formatting inside link descriptions, making the wikicode complex. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409669]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* There was no XML dump on 20 January. Additionally, from now on, dumps will be generated once per month only. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414389]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team removed support for all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:REST%20API MediaWiki REST API]. All API users currently calling those endpoints are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.14|MediaWiki]]

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Users are reminded that the Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:43, 2 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Page language ==

It is possible to change page language from default to Lingua Franca Nova (&lt;code&gt;lfn&lt;/code&gt; for [[Main Page/Lingua Franca Nova]], [[La Prea a Senior]] and [[Jura de Hipocrate]]? Thanks in advance. [[User:Evelino Ucelo|Evelino Ucelo]] ([[User talk:Evelino Ucelo|talk]]) 17:10, 5 February 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Logged-in contributors who manage large or complex watchlists can now organise and filter watched pages in ways that improve their workflows with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]] feature. By adding custom labels (for example: pages you created, pages being monitored for vandalism, or discussion pages) users can more quickly identify what needs attention, reduce cognitive load, and respond more efficiently. This improves watchlist usability, especially for highly active editors.
* A new feature available on [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] shows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] that are likely operated by the same person, and so makes patrolling less time-consuming. Upon checking contributions of a temporary account, users with access to temporary account IP addresses can now see a view of contributions from the related temporary accounts. The feature looks up all the IPs associated with a given temporary account within the data retention period and shows all the contributions of all temporary accounts that have used these IPs. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts#February 2026: Improvements to the patroller tooling|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415674] 
* When editors preview a wikitext edit, the reminder box that they are only seeing a preview (which is shown at the top), now has a grey/neutral background instead of a yellow/warning background. This makes it easier to distinguish preview notes from actual warnings (for example, edit conflicts or problematic redirect targets), which will now be shown in separate warning or error boxes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414742]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now properly supports more than one Wikibase site, for example both [[d:|Wikidata]] and [[testwikidata:|testwikidata]]. In addition, issues regarding text direction have been fixed for users who prefer Wikidata or other Wikibase sites in right-to-left (RTL) languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415440][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415458]
* The automatic &quot;magic links&quot; for ISBN, RFC, and PMID numbers have been [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic links|deprecated in wikitext since 2021]] due to inflexibility and difficulties with localization. Several wikis have successfully replaced RFC and PMID magic links with equivalent external links, but a template was often required to replace the functionality of the ISBN magic link. There is now a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#isbn|built-in parser function]] &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#isbn}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; available to replace the basic functionality of the ISBN magic link. This makes it easier for wikis who wish to migrate off of the deprecated magic link functionality to do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145604]
* Two new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35401|Jju]] ([[w:kaj:|&lt;code&gt;w:kaj:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413283]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q1186896|Nawat]] ([[w:ppl:|&lt;code&gt;w:ppl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413273]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. 

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new global user group has been created: [[{{int:grouppage-local-bot}}|{{int:group-local-bot}}]]. It will be used internally by the software to allow community bots to bypass rate limits that are applied to abusive [[w:en:Web scraping|web scrapers]]. Accounts that are approved as bots on at least one Wikimedia wiki will be automatically added to this group. It will not change what user permissions the bot has. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415588]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.15|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Spring 2026|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Spring 2026]] will be held March 25–27 in Salt Lake City, USA. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/AZBWVI46SDEB65PGR5J6E4TYOQQEZXM7/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:30, 9 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Best place to translate meta-works about the capture of knowledge? ==

There are some interesting freely licensed works about librarianship, archiving, and the like.  E.g. this recent paper on [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VMkNDcY1KBH1YV0QOVGs38o6eetUTddj/view Content Authenticity and Provenance ] -- which are often in just one language and not well indexed, but bear preserving and translating.  Is there a good WS project or collection for such things?  Does it make sense to have a language-neutral wikiproject for collecting this type of knowledge across the field? [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 18:52, 11 February 2026 (UTC)

:{{en|My initial thought is that it makes the most sense to transcribe the original text on [[:en:]] (or whatever the source language is) and then allow the other languages' projects to pursue their own translations in accordance with their own policies. Perhaps coordination could be done via a multilingual wikiproject, like [[Wiksource:WikiProject Translations]] or similar. I've just started looking around the multilingual wikisource myself so I'm not sure if we have any more infrastructure than the mere ''possibility ''of organizing such a thing. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 22:43, 2 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Team]] will be performing a cleanup of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Etherpad|Etherpad]] instance, the web-based editor for real-time collaborative document editing. All pads will be permanently deleted after 30 April, 2026 – if there are still migration projects in progress at that point the team can revisit the date on a case by case basis. Please create local backups of any content you wish to keep, as deleted data cannot be recovered. This cleanup helps reduce database size and minimize infrastructure footprint. Etherpad will continue to support real-time collaboration, but long-term storage should not be expected. Additional cleanups may occur in the future without prior notice. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415237]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Information Retrieval team will be launching an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Android mobile app experiment]] that tests hybrid search capabilities which can handle both semantic and keyword queries. The improvement of on-platform search will enable readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. The experiment will first be launched on Greek Wikipedia in late February, followed by English, French, and Portuguese in March. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/ Read more] on Diff blog. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Information_Retrieval]
* The Reader Growth team will run [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.10.2 Mobile Table of Contents|an experiment]] for mobile web users, that adds a table of contents and automatically expands all article sections, to learn more about navigation issues they face. The test will be available on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias.
* Previously, site notices ([[{{ns:8}}:Sitenotice]] and [[{{ns:8}}:Anonnotice]]) would only render on the desktop site. Now, they will render on all platforms. Users on mobile web will now see these notices and be informed. Site administrators should be prepared to test and fix notices on mobile devices to avoid interference with articles. To opt out, interface admins can add &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#siteNotice { display: none; }&lt;/code&gt; to [[{{ns:8}}:Minerva.css]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138572][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416644]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue on [[Special:RecentChanges|Special:RecentChanges]] has been fixed. Previously, clicking hide in the active filters caused the &quot;view new changes since…&quot; button to disappear, though it should have remained visible. The button now behaves as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406339]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* New documentation is now available to help editors debug on-site search features. It supports troubleshooting when pages do not appear in results, when ranking seems unexpected, and when you need to inspect what content is being indexed, helping make search behavior easier to understand and analyze. [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/Debug|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411169]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.16|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:17, 16 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]] has been deployed to English Wikipedia, completing its rollout across all Wikipedias. The feature prompts newcomers to add a citation before publishing new content, helping reduce common citation-related reverts and improve verifiability. In A/B testing, the impact was substantial: newcomers shown Reference Check were approximately 2.2 times more likely to include a reference on desktop and about 17.5 times more likely on mobile web. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/reference_check_ab_test_report_final_2025.html]
'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:InterwikiSorting|InterwikiSorting extension]], which allowed for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interwiki sorting order|sorting of interwiki links]], has been undeployed from Wikipedia. As a result, editors who had enabled interwiki link sorting in non-compact mode (full list format) will now see links reordered. The links moving forward will be listed in the alphabetical order of language code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253764]
* Later this week, people who are editing a page-section using the mobile visual editor, will notice a new &quot;Edit full page&quot; button. When tapped, you will be able to edit the entire article. This helps when the change you want to make is outside the section you initially opened. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409112]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|The Reader Experience team]] is inviting editors to assess whether dark mode should still be considered &quot;beta&quot; on their wiki, based on their experience of how well it functions on desktop and mobile. If the feature is deemed mature, editors can update the interface messages in &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:skin-theme-description&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Vector-night-mode-beta-tag&lt;/code&gt; to indicate that dark mode is ready and no longer considered beta.
* The improved [[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Activity_Tab|Activity tab]] which displays user-insights is now available to all users of the Wikipedia iOS app (version 7.9.0 and later). Following earlier A/B testing that showed higher account creation among users with access to the feature, it has been rolled out to 100% of users along with some updates. The Activity tab now shows your edited articles in the timeline, offers editing impact insights like contribution counts and article view trends, and customization options to improve in-app experience for users.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug that prevented [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] from working on mobile has now been fixed, restoring full functionality. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415303]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that makes this possible continues to improve. The latest upgrade is the inclusion of a [[mw:Extension:GlobalWatchlist#hook|new hook]], &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.globalwatchlist.rebuild&lt;/code&gt;, which fires after each watchlist rebuild. This allows you to run gadgets and user scripts for the Special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275159]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.17|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:03, 23 February 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30119102 --&gt;

== Tech News: 2026-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikipedia 25 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|Birthday mode]] is now live on Betawi, Breton, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, Gorontalo, Indonesian, Italian, Luxembourgish, Madurese, Sicilian, Spanish, Thai, and Vietnamese Wikipedias! This limited-time campaign feature celebrates 25 years of Wikipedia with a birthday mascot, Baby Globe. When turned on, Baby Globe is shown on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments/article configuration|~2,500 articles]], waiting to be discovered by readers. Communities can choose to turn Birthday mode on by getting consensus from their community and asking an admin to enable the feature and customize it via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#Community Configuration Demo|community configuration]] on the local wiki.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to Swedish Wikipedia, Polish Wikipedia and [[:phab:T418209|a couple of other wikis]]. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|try the feature]] on these projects or on testwiki and [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing betawiki]. Learnings from the first pilot wiki German Wikipedia have been [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published in a report]]. Reach out to the Wikimedia Deutschland team if you are [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|interested in becoming a pilot wiki]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Paste check|Paste Check]] will become available at all Wikipedias this week. The feature prompts newcomers who are pasting text they are not likely to have written into VisualEditor to consider whether doing so risks a copyright violation. Paste Check [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|tags]] all edits where it is shown for potential review. Local administrators can configure various aspects of the feature via [[{{#special:EditChecks}}]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#A/B Experiment|Research]] across 22 wikis found that Paste Check resulted in an 18% decrease in relative reverted-edits compared to the control group. Translators can [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&amp;filter=&amp;optional=1&amp;action=translate help to localize] this and related features.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] will be standardizing the user menu in the top right for all mobile users so that it is closer to the desktop experience. Currently this user menu is only visible to users with Advanced Mobile Controls (AMC) turned on. The only change is that a couple buttons previously in the left-side menu will move to the top right for users who do not have AMC turned on. This change is expected to go out March 9 and seeks to improve the user interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413912]
* Starting in the week of March 2, the emails sent out when an email address was added, removed, or changed for an account will switch to a substantially nicer and clearer HTML email from the prior plaintext one. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410807]
* Notifications are currently limited to 2,000 historic entries per user, and extend back to 2013 when the feature was released. This is going to be changed to only store Notifications from the last 5 years, but up to 10,000 of them. This will help with long-term infrastructure health and help to prevent more recent notifications from disappearing too soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page continues to see improvements. The latest update improves label usage experience. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] now allows activating the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback languages|language fallback system]] for Wikidata items without labels in the viewed language, and showing those labels in the user’s preferred Wikidata language if no &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;uselang=&lt;/code&gt; URL parameter is provided. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373686][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416111]
* The Wikipedia Android team has started a beta test of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|hybrid search]] on Greek Wikipedia. Hybrid search capabilities can handle both semantic and keyword queries enabling readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily.
* For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Currently, 2FA is required to use the group, but not to be a member of it. Given that this model still has some vulnerabilities, the situation will [[phab:T418580|gradually change in March]]. Members of these groups will be unable to disable last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the second half of March, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. This applies to: CentralNotice administrators, checkusers, interface administrators, suppressors, Wikidata staff, Wikifunctions staff, WMF Office IT and WMF Trust &amp; Safety. Nothing will change for other users. See the linked task for deployment schedule. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418580]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue preventing users from creating an instance in [https://www.wikibase.cloud/ Wikibase.cloud] has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416807]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], over the next month the Wikimedia Foundation will implement global API rate limits across our APIs. In early March, stricter limits will be applied to unidentified requests from outside Toolforge/WMCS and API requests that are made from web browsers. In April, higher limits will be applied to identified traffic. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The Wikidata Query Service Linked Data Fragment (LDF) endpoint will be decommissioned in February. This endpoint served limited traffic, which was successfully migrated to other data access methods that were better suited to support existing use cases. The hardware used to support the LDF endpoint will be reallocated to support the ongoing backend migration efforts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415696]
* The new Parsoid parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], improving platform sustainability and making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. Parsoid is now the default parser on 488 WMF wikis (268 Wikipedias), now covering more than 10% of all Wikipedia page views.
* The process and criteria for [[Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise#Access|requesting exceptional access]] to the high volume feed of the ''Wikimedia Enterprise'' APIs (at no cost for mission-aligned usecases), [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Enterprise#Exceptional access criteria|have now been published]]. This is to provide more thorough and clearer documentation for users.
* [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/ Tech Blog], the blog dedicated to the Wikimedia technical community [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2026/02/24/a-tech-blog-diff/ will be migrating] to [[diffblog:|Diff]], the community news and event blog. The migration should be complete in April 2026, after which new posts will be accepted for publishing. Readers will be able to access posts – old and new – on the landing page at https://diff.wikimedia.org/techblog.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.18|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:51, 2 March 2026 (UTC)
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== Did some Author category cleanup, thinking about next steps ==

{{en| Good morning all, I recently moved around a bunch of categories in [[:Category:Authors]]. Notable additions include [[:Category:Authors by language]], [[:Category:Authors by profession]]. I also updated [[WS:LANG]] to include a column for language-specific Author categories, which are also (generally) collected in [[:Category:Authors by language]]. There is presently no consistent organization for the language author categories, which I think is fine, but I'd be interested in making some kind of consistency which we can use going forward.
: My thinking is that we could create categories like [[:Category:eng authors]] or [[:Category:zho authors]] for all of the languages represented here on multi-language wikisource with ISO-639 codes. Then, either redirect those pages to their respective language-specific Author categories (when they exist); or use them as their own category which would then be categorized into both the language's category and [[:Category:Authors by language]]. For example, [[:Category:lv authors]] would redirect to the Latvian-language [[:Category:Autori]], while [[:Category:tpn authors]] would serve as the equivalent Tupi-language category. This would help provide some useful infrastructure to support new languages works and authors in the future. 
: Thoughts? I'm open to suggestions. Don't want to be overly English-oriented, or create too much administrative burden for new users and language content. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:26, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}}

:

:{{en|An additional thought: I think it would be helpful if we created category pages for each ISO 639-1 code, possibly -2 or -3 as well for at least the languages included on multilingual wikisource and on their own subdomains. These would generally redirect to the language categories. For example, [[:Category:en]] would redirect to [[:Category:English]], [[:Category:lv]] would redirect to [[:Category:Ladin]], [[:Category:Ru]] would redirect to [[:Category:Русский]]. This would just be helpful for quickly categorizing works without having to find the specific &quot;correct&quot; category. Again, let me know what you think. [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 23:34, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.
* Last week, all wikis had 2 hours of read-only time, and extended unavailability for user-scripts and gadgets. This was due to a security incident which has since been resolved. Work is ongoing to prevent re-occurrences. For current information please see the [[m:Steward's noticeboard#Statement on Meta about today's user script security incident|post on the Stewards' noticeboard]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Product Safety and Integrity/March 2026 User Script Incident|translations]]).

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users facing multiple blocks on mobile will now see the reasons for each block separately, instead of a generic message. This helps them understand why they are blocked and what steps they can take to resolve the issue. For example, users affected for using common VPNs (such as [[Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|iCloud Private Relay]]) will receive clearer guidance on what they need to do to start editing again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357118]
* Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] will become available as a beta feature within the visual editor at all Wikipedias. This feature proactively suggests various types of actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, and learn about related guidelines. The feature is locally configurable, and can also be locally expanded with custom Suggestions. Current settings can be seen at [[Special:EditChecks]] and there are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators %E2%80%93 local customization|instructions for how administrators can customize]] the links to point to local guidelines. The feature is connected to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit check]] which suggests improvements while someone is writing new content. In the future, the Editing team plans to evaluate the feature's impact with newcomers through a controlled experiment. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404600]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where the cursor became misaligned during the use of CodeMirror’s syntax highlighting, which makes wikitext and code easier to read, has now been fixed. This problem specifically affected users who defined a font rule in a custom stylesheet while creating a new topic with DiscussionTools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418793]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* API rate limiting update: To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], global API rate limits will be applied this week to requests without a compliant User-Agent that originate from outside Toolforge/WMCS and to unauthenticated requests made from web browsers. Higher limits will be applied to identified traffic in April. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The new GraphQL API has been released. The API was developed as a flexible alternative to select features of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS), to improve developer experience and foster adaptability, and efficient data access. Try it out and [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL#Feedback and development|give feedback]]. You can also [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply sign up for usability tests].
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|PTAC Unsupported Tools Working Group]] continued improvements to [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons#|Video2Commons]] in February, with fixes addressing authentication errors, large-file handling, task queue visibility, and clearer upload behavior. Work is still ongoing in some areas, including changes related to deprecated server-side uploads. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group#February 2026|this update]] to learn more.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.19|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The Article Guidance team invites experienced Wikipedia editors from selected [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators#Collaborators|pilot wikis]] and interested contributors from other Wikipedias to fill out this questionnaire which is available in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfmLeVWnxmsCbPoI_UF2jyRcn73WRGWCVPHzerXb4Cz97X_Ag/viewform English], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd6rzr4XXQw8r4024fE3geTPFe13M_6w7Mitj-YJi0sOlWTAw/viewform?usp=header Arabic], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdok3-RfB18lcugYTUMGkpwmqG_8p760Wv4dCXitOXOszjUDw/viewform?usp=header Bengali], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfjTfYp4jEo0akA4B1e-Nfg3QZPCudUjhJzHzzDi6AHyAaMGA/viewform?usp=header Japanese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScteVoI29Aue4xc72dekk-6RYtvmMgQxzMI900UOawrFrSTWg/viewform?usp=header Portuguese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSetdxnYwL3ub2vqA7awCg5hJZPMIYcDPaiTe12rY9h0GYnVlw/viewform?usp=header Persian], and [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScNvfJF-Ot-4pzA4qAN771_0QDJ4Li19YcUsaTgSKW8Nc7U_Q/viewform?usp=header Turkish]. Your answers will help the team customize guidance for less experienced editors and help them learn community policies and practices while creating an article. Learn more [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|on the project page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:52, 9 March 2026 (UTC)
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== TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) gadget ==

{{ping|Pecha-pema|Abhignkr47|Saaifa|Mathmitch7}} and anyone interested. Greetings, pleasure to meet you and sorry to disturb. Apologies for writing in English. You appear to be the most active on Multilingual Wikisource of the latest days. I'm sorry for whoever interested I did not alert, I did not want to send out too many unwanted pings.

In short, I have written a gadget that can render [[w:Text Encoding Initiative|TEI XML]]-format texts as HTML. (You can turn it on in your preferences and check how it handles [[TEI:Fare i ri ëvetar shqip]]. A brief explanation is at [[Wikisource:TEI Gadget]].) It is a format used for a more scholarly kind of transcription, mainly used for palaeography, manuscripts or thorough critical digital editions. This is not meant as a replacement of the current situation but a way to better digitalise the cases which are not well-handled by Wikitext.

For technical reasons, mostly about security, the solution requires a new namespace (i.e. the thing that comes the colon in a page title, like &lt;code&gt;Page:&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Talk:&lt;/code&gt;), so I have to file a technical request for the namespace &lt;code&gt;TEI:&lt;/code&gt;. As regrettably scatterful as this project is, I assume that such a change would not be carried through without an attempt at a discussion with other editors. For this reason, I ask here whether any of you would oppose such a change.

Thank you for your love of writing, and the work you do to record it. :) [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 16:23, 13 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|Personally I'm fine with having a TEI: namespace or something similar. Support for this kind of document format would be very helpful and putting TEI documents into their own namespace seems like a good way to integrate it with our existing workflow, using a TEI: page as a source and then transcluding it to a normal &quot;work&quot; namespace using a template/Lua module.
: However, I would like to see us think about how we could use TEI or TEI markup alongside the existing Page transcription and transclusion workflow. I think one of the best things about Wikisource is that pages in the mainspace are generally linked back to their source scan in an easily verifiable, traceable, and auditable way. Although TEI is great for transcriptions, I don’t yet see an analogue for that particular type of &quot;backing&quot; to a scan. The example document you link has source information, but some work would need to be done to get to something as granular as what we already have for scan verification and to support proofreading efforts.
: That all being said, if the gadget works and TEI-XML is as robust as it appears to be, I’m fine with doing what must be done to implement support for it. If that includes a special namespace, at least here on multilingual ws, I '''support'''. Cheers! -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 19:45, 13 March 2026 (UTC)}}
::Hello, thanks for your thoughts and your support! :) I agree that scan-backed transcription is the strongest point of boast for Wikisource. The thing is that the transformers are very versatile, which isn't well visible by the example I gave, which only shows two almost-identical transformer schemes, with the only difference being script (if it can help get the idea, the green-boxed header is also generated by a transformer of the same structure.) With this in mind, my thought was to have &quot;Original scan&quot; as one of the selectable transformers (i.e. a column), which is fairly easily doable, just requires for the transformer to ignore all tags, except for &lt;code&gt;&lt;pb/&gt;&lt;/code&gt; (&quot;page break&quot;), which would show the images.
::I was going to implement this, I didn't because there is an unrelated [[phab:T418178|ongoing bug]] which makes the pages of DJVU files not display. See for example [[Page:Veqilharxhi - Ëvetar (1845).djvu/1]] (the same work already in wikitext). The page image used to work a while ago. So for now it would have looked like a bunch of error messages in mainspace. But it's definitely doable once the bug is fixed. :)
::This to me is also a way to make the scans more immediately accessible to the reader. I find them to be very valuable, especially in cases of manuscripts and other kind of texts in which TEI in particular shines, and having scans into a separate namespace always felt a bit like hiding them to me. The idea of having them user-toggleable seemed quite neat.
::Admittedly, it is true that it will never be as easy. TEI is inevitable much more cumbersome, difficult to learn and master, and in many cases harder to read from the source. The main workspace of editors using will most likely never be the Wikisource editor box, but rather VS Code with the &quot;Scholarly XML&quot; extension (AFAIK, most accessible widely used TEI environment), or similar software. For these reason, I emphasise that that TEI is meant for those who particularly have a lot of time and dedication at their disposal, and are willing to go through the hardships that are required to get something of academic quality. The vast majority of texts will be kept in wikitext. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 20:32, 13 March 2026 (UTC)
:What are the security concerns of having such a namespace enabled and how would you deal with them? Recently there was a mass deletion of random articles in multiple wikis because of a personal JS script gone rogue. PS: (I am well in favor of offering the wide community a sufficiently good for them standard for transcribing. Also I guess there is plenty of text already transcribed this way we could incorporate.) [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 11:36, 1 April 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature, also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], has been used for wikitext syntax highlighting since November 2024. It will be promoted out of beta by May 2026 in order to bring improvements and new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Features|features]] to all editors who use the standard syntax highlighter. If you have any questions or concerns about promoting the feature out of beta, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|please share]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059]
* Some changes to local user groups are performed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and logged there only. Now, interwiki rights changes will be logged both on Meta-Wiki and the wiki of the target user to make it easier to access a full record of user's rights changes on a local wiki. Past log entries for such changes will be backfilled in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6055]
* On wikis using [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]], the number of pending changes shown on [[{{#Special:PendingChanges}}]] previously counted pages which were no longer pending review, because they have been removed from the system without being reviewed, e.g. due to being deleted, moved to a different namespace, or due to wiki configuration changes. The count will be correct now. On some wikis the number shown will be much smaller than before. There should be no change to the list of pages itself. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413016]
* Wikifunctions composition language has been rewritten, resulting in a new version of the language. This change aims to increase service stability by reducing the orchestrator's memory consumption. This rewrite also enables substantial latency reduction, code simplification, and better abstractions, which will open the door to later feature additions. Read more about [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|the changes]].
* Users can now sort search results alphabetically by page title. The update gives an additional option to finding pages more easily and quickly. Previously, results could be sorted by Edit date, Creation date, or Relevance. To use the new option, open 'Advanced Search' on the search results page and select 'Alphabetically' under 'Sorting Order'. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403775]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons from importing files from Flickr has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419263]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new special page, [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}]], has been created to list transcluded pages that are flagged as containing lint errors to help users discover them easily. The list is sorted by the number of transclusions with errors. For example: [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}/night-mode-unaware-background-color]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170874]
* Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature have been using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages, for some time now. Along with promoting CodeMirror 6 out of beta, the plan is to replace CodeEditor as the standard editor for these content models by May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|Feedback or concerns are welcome]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] JavaScript modules will soon be upgraded to CodeMirror 6. Leading up to the upgrade, loading the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.lib&lt;/code&gt; modules from gadgets and user scripts was deprecated in July 2025. The use of the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.switch&lt;/code&gt; hook was also deprecated in March 2025. Contributors can now make their scripts or gadgets compatible with CodeMirror 6. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror#Gadgets and user scripts|migration guide]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373720]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team is expanding coverage of REST API module definitions to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API/Extensions|extension APIs]]. REST API modules are groups of related endpoints that can be independently managed and versioned. Modules now exist for [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414470 GrowthExperiments] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419053 Wikifunctions] APIs. As we migrate extension APIs to this structure, documentation will move out of the main MediaWiki OpenAPI spec and REST Sandbox view, and will instead be accessible via module-specific options in the dropdown on the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox] (i.e., [[{{#Special:RestSandbox}}]], available on all wiki projects).
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] extension provides different pieces of information about the wiki where the module is being used via the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual|mw.site]] library. Starting last week, the library also provides a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.site.wikiId|way]] of accessing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Wiki ID|wiki ID]] that can be used to facilitate cross-wiki module maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146616]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.20|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|2026 Coolest Tool Award]] celebrating outstanding community tools, is now open for nominations! Nominate your favorite tool using the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/435684?lang=en nomination survey] form by 23 March 2026. For more information on privacy and data handling, please see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Coolest_Tool_Award_2026_Survey_Privacy_Statement|survey privacy statement]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:35, 16 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30260505 --&gt;

== Images for &quot;toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter&quot; are broken because of an incorrect thumbnail size ==

When trying to edit [[toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter]], all of the page images are broken. (Example: [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-872px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg Page 938], obtained from the &quot;Image&quot; tab at the top of [[Page:Toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter.pdf/938]])

It looks like this is because the images are using 872px as the thumbnail size. Setting the size of the thumbnail manually in the URL to 960px (or any of the other sizes listed [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Common_thumbnail_sizes here]) fixes the issue ([https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-960px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg fixed URL for page 938]).

Is there a way for the default thumbnail size be changed to something other than 872px so the images show up properly in the editor?

Thanks in advance.

[[User:Tymewalk|Tymewalk]] ([[User talk:Tymewalk|talk]]) 03:47, 19 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|This strikes me as a weird quirk or possible bug in ProofreadPage. I can confirm that I get the same kind of broken page image, using Firefox 148.0.2 for Windows, and the Monobook skin. I’ll see if I can force a fix by just purging some pages here and on commons, as sometimes that fixes issues with PDFHandler. Otherwise, we can try posting over to [[:mw:Project:Village Pump]] and see if anybody knows if it’s related to a known and tracked issue, or if it needs a new issue reported. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:23, 23 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikimedia site users can now log in without a password using passkeys. This is a secure method supported by fingerprint, facial recognition, or PIN. With this change, all users who opt for passwordless login will find it easier, faster, and more secure to log in to their accounts using any device. The new passkey login option currently appears as an autofill suggestion in the username field. An additional [[phab:T417120|&quot;Log in with passkey&quot; button]] will soon be available for users who have already registered a passkey. This update will improve security and user experience. The [[c:File:Passwordless_login_screencast.webm|screen recording]] demonstrates the passwordless login process step by step.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia site users can now export their notifications older than 5 years using a [[toolforge:echo-chamber|new Toolforge tool]]. This will ensure that users retain their important notifications and avoid them being lost based on the planned change to delete notifications older than 5 years, as previously announced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* Wikipedia editors in Indonesian, Thai, Turkish, and Simple English now have access to Special:PersonalDashboard. This is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Dashboard|early version of an experience]] that introduces newer editors to patrolling workflows, making it easier for them to move from making edits to participating in more advanced moderation work on their project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402647]
* The [[Special:Block]] now has two minor interface changes. Administrators can now easily perform indefinite blocks through a dedicated radio button in the expiry section. Also, choosing an indefinite expiry provides a different set of common reasons to select from, which can be changed at: [[MediaWiki:Ipbreason-indef-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401823]
* Mobile editors [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Logged-out|at several wikis]] can now see an improved logged-out edit warning, thanks to the recent updates from the Growth team. These changes released last week are part of ongoing efforts and tests to enhance [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|account creation experience on mobile]] and then increase participation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408484]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:36}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:36|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented mobile web users from seeing the block information when affected by multiple blocks has been fixed. They can now see messages of all the blocks currently affecting them when they access Wikipedia.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Images built using Toolforge will soon get the upgraded buildpacks version, bringing support for newer language versions and other upstream improvements and fixes. If you use Toolforge Build Service, review the recent [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EMYTA32EV2V5SQ2JIEOD2CL66YFIZEKV/ cloud-announce email] and update your build configuration as necessary to ensure your tools are compatible. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Toolforge/Building_container_images&amp;oldid=2392097#Buildpack_environment_upgrade_process][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380127]

* The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal] documentation wiki will shut down in June 2026. API keys created on the API Portal will continue to work normally. api.wikimedia.org endpoints will be deprecated gradually starting in July 2026. Documentation on the API Portal is moving to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.21|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is considering improvements to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|automatically generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Please check out the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Proposed solutions|proposed solutions]] and participate in the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Request for comment|request for comment]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:51, 23 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30268305 --&gt;

== Proposed changes to [[Main Page]] ==

I think we should:
#Move it to [[Wikisource:Main Page]] and
#Include some text introducing that this is a stand-alone wiki, not just a portal. I think we should explain that this wiki hosts:
#*Multilingual works
#*Works in a language with too small a corpus
#*Works that are incubating to a subdomain
#*Works that are made up of non-linguistic content
#*Works with languages that have subdomains but that won't accept a particular work for whatever reason
Thoughts on these changes? —[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''vf&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 06:20, 25 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|I think about this a lot, and I don’t have a great answer. Honestly, my ideal would be to split multi-lingual WS into mul.wikisource.org, and organize it as its own project, and make this main wikisource.org ''just'' a portal to those other sites, similar to how Wikipedia works (and by default redirecting all traffic to specific pages to the page on mul.ws). I think that would be clearer to people, including editors. However, that’s a pretty big change, and I wouldn’t move forward with it without substantial discussion both here and at individual language subdomains.
: In the meantime, I think your proposal’s points are reasonable. I don’t see a particular reason to move the main page to [[Wikisource:Main Page]], but everything else seems fine. I would also add that the main page should specifically say &quot;Welcome to Multilingual Wikisource.&quot; -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 13:01, 30 March 2026 (UTC)}}
: I agree with Mathmitch7. Moving to mul.wikisource.org seems like a good idea. I also think we should introduce [[mw:Extension:Translate]].--[[User:Namoroka|Namoroka]] ([[User talk:Namoroka|talk]]) 09:27, 4 April 2026 (UTC)

== Upcoming Wikimedia Café meetup regarding the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]] ==

{{tmbox
| image = [[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|45px]]
| type=notice
| text  = Hello! There will be a '''[[:meta:Wikimedia Café|Wikimedia Café]]''' meetup on '''Saturday, 11 April 2026 at 14:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1775916000 timestamp conversion tool]), focusing on the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]]. The featured guests will be &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:KStineRowe_(WMF) Kelsi Stine-Rowe]&lt;/span&gt; (senior manager, [[:meta:Movement Communications|Movement Communications]], Wikimedia Foundation), and &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Samwalton9_(WMF) Sam Walton] (senior product manager, [[:mw:Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools]], Wikimedia Foundation). &lt;br /&gt;

In addition to this Café session, [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration|several additional meetings regarding the Annual Plan are listed on the Collaboration page]], and you may participate on the [[:meta:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. &lt;br /&gt;

This Café meetup will be approximately two hours long. Attendees may choose to attend only for a part. Please see the Café page for more information, including [[:meta:Wikimedia Café#Signups for the April 2026 session|how to register]]. &lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]]
}}
[[User:Pine|Pine]] ([[User talk:Pine|talk]]) 05:18, 29 March 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-14 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Beta version of [[abstract:|Abstract Wikipedia]] a new Wikimedia project which is language-independent, was launched last week. The project allows communities to build Wikipedia articles in their native language, which can be readily accessed by other users in their own languages. The wiki is powered by instructions from Wikifunctions and also based on structured content from Wikidata. [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-26|Read more]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Growth team is running an A/B test to evaluate a clearer, more user-friendly message that promotes account creation on wikis. Currently when logged-out mobile users begin editing, they see a jarring warning message that can feel abrupt and discouraging. This also presents temporary account editing as the default rather than encouraging account creation. The test is running on ten Wikipedias, including Arabic, French, Spanish and German. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#2. Improve logged-out warning message (T415160)|Read more]].
* The Wikimedia Apps team is inviting feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Future of Editing on the Mobile Apps|how editing should work on the Wikipedia mobile apps]]. The discussion focuses on improving how users access editing tools when they tap &quot;Edit&quot;. This is part of a broader effort to convert readers who develop an interest in editing, to access a more user-friendly pathway to start contributing.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:45}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:45|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where citation fetching from the large newspaper archive [https://www.newspapers.com Newspapers.com] was no longer working, due to a block in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid|Citoid]] requests, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419903]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.22|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W14&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:25, 30 March 2026 (UTC)
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== Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) ==

Hello everyone,

This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as &lt;code&gt;Module:Itemgroup/list&lt;/code&gt;).

'''The Change:'''&lt;br /&gt;
Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. 

We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''.

'''What You Need To Do:'''&lt;br /&gt;
To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search.

'''Deadline:'''&lt;br /&gt;
We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles.

Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:11, 3 April 2026 (UTC)
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      <sha1>jtul6zn7ickfcy1lhwgpw372keajuth</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1333111</id>
      <parentid>1333110</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T09:30:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Namoroka</username>
        <id>50099</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Proposed changes to Main Page */</comment>
      <origin>1333111</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="88437" sha1="7sp1hau8t0wjo55eehu24u1yx5bylq3" xml:space="preserve">{{scriptoriumhead}}
== Tech News: 2026-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* As part of the current work of Community Tech team on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W372|Multiple watchlists]] project, the display of [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]] will be updated as a first step towards multiple watchlists. Additionally, the pagination on [[Special:Search|Search]] will be updated too, as a part of the work on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W186|Revamp pagination / page navigation]] wish. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411596]
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] is a MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that lets you see your watchlists from different wikis on the same page. It was recently updated to look more like the regular [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]], such as preparing it for temporary accounts in IP masking (including rerouting user links to contributions pages), making page titles bold, and opening links in edit summaries and tags in new browser tabs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398361][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298919][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273526][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286309]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where global blocks did not have the option to disable sending emails, has now been fixed, and will be available for use in the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401293]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Citation tool|VisualEditor citation tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] now support &quot;map&quot; as a reference type. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411083]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]/[[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.11|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:33, 12 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 ==

Dear Wikimedia communities,

We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year.

''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.''

In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects.

We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community.

📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]]

If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs:  
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]]
* [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]]

''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]'''''

''Stay connected and receive updates:''  
* [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel]  
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list]

We look forward to collaborating with you and your community.


'''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The tray shown on [[Special:Diff|Special:Diff]] in mobile view has been redesigned. It is now collapsed by default, and incorporates a link to undo the edit being viewed, making it easier for mobile editors and reviewers to take action while keeping the interface uncluttered. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402297] 
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now automatically determines the text direction (ensuring correct display of sites with unusual domain names) and shows detailed descriptions for log actions. Later this week, a new permanent link for page creations and CSS classes for each entry element will be added. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T412505][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287929][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262768][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414135]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the previously observed issue in Vector 2022, where anchor link targets were obscured by the sticky header, has now been addressed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406114]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* As mentioned in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|October 2025 deprecation announcement]], MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin sunsetting all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the MediaWiki REST API the week of January 26. Changes are expected to roll out to all wikis on or before January 30th. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found, compared, and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox]. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in Phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* Interactive reference documentation for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia REST API|Wikimedia REST API]] has moved. Requests to API docs previously hosted through [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase|RESTBase]] (e.g.: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/&lt;/code&gt;) are now redirected to the [[w:en:Special:RestSandbox|REST Sandbox]].
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] (WDP) has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|January 2026 newsletter]]. It includes updates on the legacy full-graph endpoint decommissioning, the User-Agent policy change, the monthly Blazegraph migration office hours, and efforts to reduce regressions caused by the legacy endpoint shutdown. As a reminder, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|subscribe to the WDP newsletter]]!
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.12|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications opened mid-December and will close soon or when capacity is reached. It's a two-day, technically oriented hackathon bringing together Wikimedians from the region. Hope to see you there!

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:29, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

21:02, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Support for Bodo Wikisource (Ws/brx) on Wikimedia Incubator ==

Hello,

I am working on setting up Bodo Wikisource (language code: brx) on Wikimedia Incubator.
I would like guidance on ProofreadPage, Index creation, and language approval process.

Bodo is an officially recognized language of India and is written in Devanagari script.

Thank you. [[User:Bkbrahma1|Bkbrahma1]] ([[User talk:Bkbrahma1|talk]]) 07:37, 21 January 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia Foundation invites comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Year1 Reflections and Proposed Way Forward 2026 Update|proposed future]] of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] until 28 February.
* All users with registered accounts can now use passkeys for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). Passkeys are a simple way to log in without using a second device. They verify the user's identity using a fingerprint, face scan, or a PIN code. To set up a passkey, first set up a regular 2FA method. Currently, to log in with a passkey, users must also use a password. Later this quarter, passwordless login will allow users to log in with a single click and a passkey. Users with advanced rights will also be required to have 2FA enabled. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project.
* Unregistered contributors on blocked IPs or blocked IP ranges can now interact on-wiki to appeal a block by creating a temporary account to appeal a block on the user talk page, unless the &quot;prevent this user from editing their own talk page&quot; is enabled. This solves the problem of logged-out users unable to use the default unblock process via user talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398673]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) methods description on the management page has been updated. It is now clearer and easier for users to understand and make use of. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332385]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new AbuseFilter variable, &lt;code&gt;account_type&lt;/code&gt;, has been added to provide a reliable way to determine the account type being created in the &lt;code&gt;createaccount&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;autocreateaccount&lt;/code&gt; actions. As part of this change, the variable &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; has been renamed to &lt;code&gt;account_name&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; is now deprecated. Edit filter managers should update any filters that use hardcoded account type checks or the deprecated variable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414049]
* Image thumbnails that are requested in non-standard sizes, and using non-standard methods such as direct requests to &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;upload.wikimedia.org/…&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; will stop working in the near future. This change is to prevent ongoing external abuse by web-scrapers and bots. Some users with custom CSS/JS, Interface Admins who can fix gadgets and local skins, and Tool-authors, will need to update their code to use standard thumbnail sizes. [[phab:T414805|Details, search-links, and examples of how to fix them, are available in the task]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.13|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:17, 26 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The &quot;{{int:pageinfo-toolboxlink}}&quot; feature, which gives validating information about a page ([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=info}} example]), now automatically includes a table of contents. If there is a local [[{{ns:8}}:Pageinfo-header]] page created by individual users, it can now be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363726]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, VisualEditor previously added bold or italic formatting inside link descriptions, making the wikicode complex. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409669]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* There was no XML dump on 20 January. Additionally, from now on, dumps will be generated once per month only. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414389]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team removed support for all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:REST%20API MediaWiki REST API]. All API users currently calling those endpoints are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.14|MediaWiki]]

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Users are reminded that the Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:43, 2 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Page language ==

It is possible to change page language from default to Lingua Franca Nova (&lt;code&gt;lfn&lt;/code&gt; for [[Main Page/Lingua Franca Nova]], [[La Prea a Senior]] and [[Jura de Hipocrate]]? Thanks in advance. [[User:Evelino Ucelo|Evelino Ucelo]] ([[User talk:Evelino Ucelo|talk]]) 17:10, 5 February 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Logged-in contributors who manage large or complex watchlists can now organise and filter watched pages in ways that improve their workflows with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]] feature. By adding custom labels (for example: pages you created, pages being monitored for vandalism, or discussion pages) users can more quickly identify what needs attention, reduce cognitive load, and respond more efficiently. This improves watchlist usability, especially for highly active editors.
* A new feature available on [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] shows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] that are likely operated by the same person, and so makes patrolling less time-consuming. Upon checking contributions of a temporary account, users with access to temporary account IP addresses can now see a view of contributions from the related temporary accounts. The feature looks up all the IPs associated with a given temporary account within the data retention period and shows all the contributions of all temporary accounts that have used these IPs. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts#February 2026: Improvements to the patroller tooling|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415674] 
* When editors preview a wikitext edit, the reminder box that they are only seeing a preview (which is shown at the top), now has a grey/neutral background instead of a yellow/warning background. This makes it easier to distinguish preview notes from actual warnings (for example, edit conflicts or problematic redirect targets), which will now be shown in separate warning or error boxes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414742]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now properly supports more than one Wikibase site, for example both [[d:|Wikidata]] and [[testwikidata:|testwikidata]]. In addition, issues regarding text direction have been fixed for users who prefer Wikidata or other Wikibase sites in right-to-left (RTL) languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415440][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415458]
* The automatic &quot;magic links&quot; for ISBN, RFC, and PMID numbers have been [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic links|deprecated in wikitext since 2021]] due to inflexibility and difficulties with localization. Several wikis have successfully replaced RFC and PMID magic links with equivalent external links, but a template was often required to replace the functionality of the ISBN magic link. There is now a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#isbn|built-in parser function]] &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#isbn}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; available to replace the basic functionality of the ISBN magic link. This makes it easier for wikis who wish to migrate off of the deprecated magic link functionality to do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145604]
* Two new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35401|Jju]] ([[w:kaj:|&lt;code&gt;w:kaj:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413283]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q1186896|Nawat]] ([[w:ppl:|&lt;code&gt;w:ppl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413273]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. 

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new global user group has been created: [[{{int:grouppage-local-bot}}|{{int:group-local-bot}}]]. It will be used internally by the software to allow community bots to bypass rate limits that are applied to abusive [[w:en:Web scraping|web scrapers]]. Accounts that are approved as bots on at least one Wikimedia wiki will be automatically added to this group. It will not change what user permissions the bot has. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415588]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.15|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Spring 2026|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Spring 2026]] will be held March 25–27 in Salt Lake City, USA. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/AZBWVI46SDEB65PGR5J6E4TYOQQEZXM7/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:30, 9 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Best place to translate meta-works about the capture of knowledge? ==

There are some interesting freely licensed works about librarianship, archiving, and the like.  E.g. this recent paper on [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VMkNDcY1KBH1YV0QOVGs38o6eetUTddj/view Content Authenticity and Provenance ] -- which are often in just one language and not well indexed, but bear preserving and translating.  Is there a good WS project or collection for such things?  Does it make sense to have a language-neutral wikiproject for collecting this type of knowledge across the field? [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 18:52, 11 February 2026 (UTC)

:{{en|My initial thought is that it makes the most sense to transcribe the original text on [[:en:]] (or whatever the source language is) and then allow the other languages' projects to pursue their own translations in accordance with their own policies. Perhaps coordination could be done via a multilingual wikiproject, like [[Wiksource:WikiProject Translations]] or similar. I've just started looking around the multilingual wikisource myself so I'm not sure if we have any more infrastructure than the mere ''possibility ''of organizing such a thing. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 22:43, 2 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Team]] will be performing a cleanup of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Etherpad|Etherpad]] instance, the web-based editor for real-time collaborative document editing. All pads will be permanently deleted after 30 April, 2026 – if there are still migration projects in progress at that point the team can revisit the date on a case by case basis. Please create local backups of any content you wish to keep, as deleted data cannot be recovered. This cleanup helps reduce database size and minimize infrastructure footprint. Etherpad will continue to support real-time collaboration, but long-term storage should not be expected. Additional cleanups may occur in the future without prior notice. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415237]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Information Retrieval team will be launching an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Android mobile app experiment]] that tests hybrid search capabilities which can handle both semantic and keyword queries. The improvement of on-platform search will enable readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. The experiment will first be launched on Greek Wikipedia in late February, followed by English, French, and Portuguese in March. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/ Read more] on Diff blog. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Information_Retrieval]
* The Reader Growth team will run [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.10.2 Mobile Table of Contents|an experiment]] for mobile web users, that adds a table of contents and automatically expands all article sections, to learn more about navigation issues they face. The test will be available on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias.
* Previously, site notices ([[{{ns:8}}:Sitenotice]] and [[{{ns:8}}:Anonnotice]]) would only render on the desktop site. Now, they will render on all platforms. Users on mobile web will now see these notices and be informed. Site administrators should be prepared to test and fix notices on mobile devices to avoid interference with articles. To opt out, interface admins can add &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#siteNotice { display: none; }&lt;/code&gt; to [[{{ns:8}}:Minerva.css]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138572][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416644]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue on [[Special:RecentChanges|Special:RecentChanges]] has been fixed. Previously, clicking hide in the active filters caused the &quot;view new changes since…&quot; button to disappear, though it should have remained visible. The button now behaves as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406339]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* New documentation is now available to help editors debug on-site search features. It supports troubleshooting when pages do not appear in results, when ranking seems unexpected, and when you need to inspect what content is being indexed, helping make search behavior easier to understand and analyze. [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/Debug|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411169]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.16|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:17, 16 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]] has been deployed to English Wikipedia, completing its rollout across all Wikipedias. The feature prompts newcomers to add a citation before publishing new content, helping reduce common citation-related reverts and improve verifiability. In A/B testing, the impact was substantial: newcomers shown Reference Check were approximately 2.2 times more likely to include a reference on desktop and about 17.5 times more likely on mobile web. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/reference_check_ab_test_report_final_2025.html]
'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:InterwikiSorting|InterwikiSorting extension]], which allowed for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interwiki sorting order|sorting of interwiki links]], has been undeployed from Wikipedia. As a result, editors who had enabled interwiki link sorting in non-compact mode (full list format) will now see links reordered. The links moving forward will be listed in the alphabetical order of language code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253764]
* Later this week, people who are editing a page-section using the mobile visual editor, will notice a new &quot;Edit full page&quot; button. When tapped, you will be able to edit the entire article. This helps when the change you want to make is outside the section you initially opened. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409112]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|The Reader Experience team]] is inviting editors to assess whether dark mode should still be considered &quot;beta&quot; on their wiki, based on their experience of how well it functions on desktop and mobile. If the feature is deemed mature, editors can update the interface messages in &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:skin-theme-description&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Vector-night-mode-beta-tag&lt;/code&gt; to indicate that dark mode is ready and no longer considered beta.
* The improved [[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Activity_Tab|Activity tab]] which displays user-insights is now available to all users of the Wikipedia iOS app (version 7.9.0 and later). Following earlier A/B testing that showed higher account creation among users with access to the feature, it has been rolled out to 100% of users along with some updates. The Activity tab now shows your edited articles in the timeline, offers editing impact insights like contribution counts and article view trends, and customization options to improve in-app experience for users.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug that prevented [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] from working on mobile has now been fixed, restoring full functionality. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415303]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that makes this possible continues to improve. The latest upgrade is the inclusion of a [[mw:Extension:GlobalWatchlist#hook|new hook]], &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.globalwatchlist.rebuild&lt;/code&gt;, which fires after each watchlist rebuild. This allows you to run gadgets and user scripts for the Special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275159]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.17|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:03, 23 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikipedia 25 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|Birthday mode]] is now live on Betawi, Breton, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, Gorontalo, Indonesian, Italian, Luxembourgish, Madurese, Sicilian, Spanish, Thai, and Vietnamese Wikipedias! This limited-time campaign feature celebrates 25 years of Wikipedia with a birthday mascot, Baby Globe. When turned on, Baby Globe is shown on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments/article configuration|~2,500 articles]], waiting to be discovered by readers. Communities can choose to turn Birthday mode on by getting consensus from their community and asking an admin to enable the feature and customize it via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#Community Configuration Demo|community configuration]] on the local wiki.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to Swedish Wikipedia, Polish Wikipedia and [[:phab:T418209|a couple of other wikis]]. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|try the feature]] on these projects or on testwiki and [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing betawiki]. Learnings from the first pilot wiki German Wikipedia have been [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published in a report]]. Reach out to the Wikimedia Deutschland team if you are [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|interested in becoming a pilot wiki]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Paste check|Paste Check]] will become available at all Wikipedias this week. The feature prompts newcomers who are pasting text they are not likely to have written into VisualEditor to consider whether doing so risks a copyright violation. Paste Check [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|tags]] all edits where it is shown for potential review. Local administrators can configure various aspects of the feature via [[{{#special:EditChecks}}]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#A/B Experiment|Research]] across 22 wikis found that Paste Check resulted in an 18% decrease in relative reverted-edits compared to the control group. Translators can [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&amp;filter=&amp;optional=1&amp;action=translate help to localize] this and related features.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] will be standardizing the user menu in the top right for all mobile users so that it is closer to the desktop experience. Currently this user menu is only visible to users with Advanced Mobile Controls (AMC) turned on. The only change is that a couple buttons previously in the left-side menu will move to the top right for users who do not have AMC turned on. This change is expected to go out March 9 and seeks to improve the user interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413912]
* Starting in the week of March 2, the emails sent out when an email address was added, removed, or changed for an account will switch to a substantially nicer and clearer HTML email from the prior plaintext one. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410807]
* Notifications are currently limited to 2,000 historic entries per user, and extend back to 2013 when the feature was released. This is going to be changed to only store Notifications from the last 5 years, but up to 10,000 of them. This will help with long-term infrastructure health and help to prevent more recent notifications from disappearing too soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page continues to see improvements. The latest update improves label usage experience. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] now allows activating the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback languages|language fallback system]] for Wikidata items without labels in the viewed language, and showing those labels in the user’s preferred Wikidata language if no &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;uselang=&lt;/code&gt; URL parameter is provided. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373686][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416111]
* The Wikipedia Android team has started a beta test of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|hybrid search]] on Greek Wikipedia. Hybrid search capabilities can handle both semantic and keyword queries enabling readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily.
* For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Currently, 2FA is required to use the group, but not to be a member of it. Given that this model still has some vulnerabilities, the situation will [[phab:T418580|gradually change in March]]. Members of these groups will be unable to disable last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the second half of March, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. This applies to: CentralNotice administrators, checkusers, interface administrators, suppressors, Wikidata staff, Wikifunctions staff, WMF Office IT and WMF Trust &amp; Safety. Nothing will change for other users. See the linked task for deployment schedule. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418580]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue preventing users from creating an instance in [https://www.wikibase.cloud/ Wikibase.cloud] has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416807]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], over the next month the Wikimedia Foundation will implement global API rate limits across our APIs. In early March, stricter limits will be applied to unidentified requests from outside Toolforge/WMCS and API requests that are made from web browsers. In April, higher limits will be applied to identified traffic. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The Wikidata Query Service Linked Data Fragment (LDF) endpoint will be decommissioned in February. This endpoint served limited traffic, which was successfully migrated to other data access methods that were better suited to support existing use cases. The hardware used to support the LDF endpoint will be reallocated to support the ongoing backend migration efforts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415696]
* The new Parsoid parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], improving platform sustainability and making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. Parsoid is now the default parser on 488 WMF wikis (268 Wikipedias), now covering more than 10% of all Wikipedia page views.
* The process and criteria for [[Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise#Access|requesting exceptional access]] to the high volume feed of the ''Wikimedia Enterprise'' APIs (at no cost for mission-aligned usecases), [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Enterprise#Exceptional access criteria|have now been published]]. This is to provide more thorough and clearer documentation for users.
* [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/ Tech Blog], the blog dedicated to the Wikimedia technical community [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2026/02/24/a-tech-blog-diff/ will be migrating] to [[diffblog:|Diff]], the community news and event blog. The migration should be complete in April 2026, after which new posts will be accepted for publishing. Readers will be able to access posts – old and new – on the landing page at https://diff.wikimedia.org/techblog.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.18|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:51, 2 March 2026 (UTC)
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== Did some Author category cleanup, thinking about next steps ==

{{en| Good morning all, I recently moved around a bunch of categories in [[:Category:Authors]]. Notable additions include [[:Category:Authors by language]], [[:Category:Authors by profession]]. I also updated [[WS:LANG]] to include a column for language-specific Author categories, which are also (generally) collected in [[:Category:Authors by language]]. There is presently no consistent organization for the language author categories, which I think is fine, but I'd be interested in making some kind of consistency which we can use going forward.
: My thinking is that we could create categories like [[:Category:eng authors]] or [[:Category:zho authors]] for all of the languages represented here on multi-language wikisource with ISO-639 codes. Then, either redirect those pages to their respective language-specific Author categories (when they exist); or use them as their own category which would then be categorized into both the language's category and [[:Category:Authors by language]]. For example, [[:Category:lv authors]] would redirect to the Latvian-language [[:Category:Autori]], while [[:Category:tpn authors]] would serve as the equivalent Tupi-language category. This would help provide some useful infrastructure to support new languages works and authors in the future. 
: Thoughts? I'm open to suggestions. Don't want to be overly English-oriented, or create too much administrative burden for new users and language content. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:26, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}}

:

:{{en|An additional thought: I think it would be helpful if we created category pages for each ISO 639-1 code, possibly -2 or -3 as well for at least the languages included on multilingual wikisource and on their own subdomains. These would generally redirect to the language categories. For example, [[:Category:en]] would redirect to [[:Category:English]], [[:Category:lv]] would redirect to [[:Category:Ladin]], [[:Category:Ru]] would redirect to [[:Category:Русский]]. This would just be helpful for quickly categorizing works without having to find the specific &quot;correct&quot; category. Again, let me know what you think. [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 23:34, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.
* Last week, all wikis had 2 hours of read-only time, and extended unavailability for user-scripts and gadgets. This was due to a security incident which has since been resolved. Work is ongoing to prevent re-occurrences. For current information please see the [[m:Steward's noticeboard#Statement on Meta about today's user script security incident|post on the Stewards' noticeboard]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Product Safety and Integrity/March 2026 User Script Incident|translations]]).

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users facing multiple blocks on mobile will now see the reasons for each block separately, instead of a generic message. This helps them understand why they are blocked and what steps they can take to resolve the issue. For example, users affected for using common VPNs (such as [[Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|iCloud Private Relay]]) will receive clearer guidance on what they need to do to start editing again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357118]
* Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] will become available as a beta feature within the visual editor at all Wikipedias. This feature proactively suggests various types of actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, and learn about related guidelines. The feature is locally configurable, and can also be locally expanded with custom Suggestions. Current settings can be seen at [[Special:EditChecks]] and there are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators %E2%80%93 local customization|instructions for how administrators can customize]] the links to point to local guidelines. The feature is connected to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit check]] which suggests improvements while someone is writing new content. In the future, the Editing team plans to evaluate the feature's impact with newcomers through a controlled experiment. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404600]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where the cursor became misaligned during the use of CodeMirror’s syntax highlighting, which makes wikitext and code easier to read, has now been fixed. This problem specifically affected users who defined a font rule in a custom stylesheet while creating a new topic with DiscussionTools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418793]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* API rate limiting update: To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], global API rate limits will be applied this week to requests without a compliant User-Agent that originate from outside Toolforge/WMCS and to unauthenticated requests made from web browsers. Higher limits will be applied to identified traffic in April. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The new GraphQL API has been released. The API was developed as a flexible alternative to select features of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS), to improve developer experience and foster adaptability, and efficient data access. Try it out and [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL#Feedback and development|give feedback]]. You can also [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply sign up for usability tests].
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|PTAC Unsupported Tools Working Group]] continued improvements to [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons#|Video2Commons]] in February, with fixes addressing authentication errors, large-file handling, task queue visibility, and clearer upload behavior. Work is still ongoing in some areas, including changes related to deprecated server-side uploads. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group#February 2026|this update]] to learn more.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.19|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The Article Guidance team invites experienced Wikipedia editors from selected [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators#Collaborators|pilot wikis]] and interested contributors from other Wikipedias to fill out this questionnaire which is available in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfmLeVWnxmsCbPoI_UF2jyRcn73WRGWCVPHzerXb4Cz97X_Ag/viewform English], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd6rzr4XXQw8r4024fE3geTPFe13M_6w7Mitj-YJi0sOlWTAw/viewform?usp=header Arabic], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdok3-RfB18lcugYTUMGkpwmqG_8p760Wv4dCXitOXOszjUDw/viewform?usp=header Bengali], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfjTfYp4jEo0akA4B1e-Nfg3QZPCudUjhJzHzzDi6AHyAaMGA/viewform?usp=header Japanese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScteVoI29Aue4xc72dekk-6RYtvmMgQxzMI900UOawrFrSTWg/viewform?usp=header Portuguese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSetdxnYwL3ub2vqA7awCg5hJZPMIYcDPaiTe12rY9h0GYnVlw/viewform?usp=header Persian], and [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScNvfJF-Ot-4pzA4qAN771_0QDJ4Li19YcUsaTgSKW8Nc7U_Q/viewform?usp=header Turkish]. Your answers will help the team customize guidance for less experienced editors and help them learn community policies and practices while creating an article. Learn more [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|on the project page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:52, 9 March 2026 (UTC)
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== TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) gadget ==

{{ping|Pecha-pema|Abhignkr47|Saaifa|Mathmitch7}} and anyone interested. Greetings, pleasure to meet you and sorry to disturb. Apologies for writing in English. You appear to be the most active on Multilingual Wikisource of the latest days. I'm sorry for whoever interested I did not alert, I did not want to send out too many unwanted pings.

In short, I have written a gadget that can render [[w:Text Encoding Initiative|TEI XML]]-format texts as HTML. (You can turn it on in your preferences and check how it handles [[TEI:Fare i ri ëvetar shqip]]. A brief explanation is at [[Wikisource:TEI Gadget]].) It is a format used for a more scholarly kind of transcription, mainly used for palaeography, manuscripts or thorough critical digital editions. This is not meant as a replacement of the current situation but a way to better digitalise the cases which are not well-handled by Wikitext.

For technical reasons, mostly about security, the solution requires a new namespace (i.e. the thing that comes the colon in a page title, like &lt;code&gt;Page:&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Talk:&lt;/code&gt;), so I have to file a technical request for the namespace &lt;code&gt;TEI:&lt;/code&gt;. As regrettably scatterful as this project is, I assume that such a change would not be carried through without an attempt at a discussion with other editors. For this reason, I ask here whether any of you would oppose such a change.

Thank you for your love of writing, and the work you do to record it. :) [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 16:23, 13 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|Personally I'm fine with having a TEI: namespace or something similar. Support for this kind of document format would be very helpful and putting TEI documents into their own namespace seems like a good way to integrate it with our existing workflow, using a TEI: page as a source and then transcluding it to a normal &quot;work&quot; namespace using a template/Lua module.
: However, I would like to see us think about how we could use TEI or TEI markup alongside the existing Page transcription and transclusion workflow. I think one of the best things about Wikisource is that pages in the mainspace are generally linked back to their source scan in an easily verifiable, traceable, and auditable way. Although TEI is great for transcriptions, I don’t yet see an analogue for that particular type of &quot;backing&quot; to a scan. The example document you link has source information, but some work would need to be done to get to something as granular as what we already have for scan verification and to support proofreading efforts.
: That all being said, if the gadget works and TEI-XML is as robust as it appears to be, I’m fine with doing what must be done to implement support for it. If that includes a special namespace, at least here on multilingual ws, I '''support'''. Cheers! -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 19:45, 13 March 2026 (UTC)}}
::Hello, thanks for your thoughts and your support! :) I agree that scan-backed transcription is the strongest point of boast for Wikisource. The thing is that the transformers are very versatile, which isn't well visible by the example I gave, which only shows two almost-identical transformer schemes, with the only difference being script (if it can help get the idea, the green-boxed header is also generated by a transformer of the same structure.) With this in mind, my thought was to have &quot;Original scan&quot; as one of the selectable transformers (i.e. a column), which is fairly easily doable, just requires for the transformer to ignore all tags, except for &lt;code&gt;&lt;pb/&gt;&lt;/code&gt; (&quot;page break&quot;), which would show the images.
::I was going to implement this, I didn't because there is an unrelated [[phab:T418178|ongoing bug]] which makes the pages of DJVU files not display. See for example [[Page:Veqilharxhi - Ëvetar (1845).djvu/1]] (the same work already in wikitext). The page image used to work a while ago. So for now it would have looked like a bunch of error messages in mainspace. But it's definitely doable once the bug is fixed. :)
::This to me is also a way to make the scans more immediately accessible to the reader. I find them to be very valuable, especially in cases of manuscripts and other kind of texts in which TEI in particular shines, and having scans into a separate namespace always felt a bit like hiding them to me. The idea of having them user-toggleable seemed quite neat.
::Admittedly, it is true that it will never be as easy. TEI is inevitable much more cumbersome, difficult to learn and master, and in many cases harder to read from the source. The main workspace of editors using will most likely never be the Wikisource editor box, but rather VS Code with the &quot;Scholarly XML&quot; extension (AFAIK, most accessible widely used TEI environment), or similar software. For these reason, I emphasise that that TEI is meant for those who particularly have a lot of time and dedication at their disposal, and are willing to go through the hardships that are required to get something of academic quality. The vast majority of texts will be kept in wikitext. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 20:32, 13 March 2026 (UTC)
:What are the security concerns of having such a namespace enabled and how would you deal with them? Recently there was a mass deletion of random articles in multiple wikis because of a personal JS script gone rogue. PS: (I am well in favor of offering the wide community a sufficiently good for them standard for transcribing. Also I guess there is plenty of text already transcribed this way we could incorporate.) [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 11:36, 1 April 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature, also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], has been used for wikitext syntax highlighting since November 2024. It will be promoted out of beta by May 2026 in order to bring improvements and new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Features|features]] to all editors who use the standard syntax highlighter. If you have any questions or concerns about promoting the feature out of beta, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|please share]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059]
* Some changes to local user groups are performed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and logged there only. Now, interwiki rights changes will be logged both on Meta-Wiki and the wiki of the target user to make it easier to access a full record of user's rights changes on a local wiki. Past log entries for such changes will be backfilled in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6055]
* On wikis using [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]], the number of pending changes shown on [[{{#Special:PendingChanges}}]] previously counted pages which were no longer pending review, because they have been removed from the system without being reviewed, e.g. due to being deleted, moved to a different namespace, or due to wiki configuration changes. The count will be correct now. On some wikis the number shown will be much smaller than before. There should be no change to the list of pages itself. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413016]
* Wikifunctions composition language has been rewritten, resulting in a new version of the language. This change aims to increase service stability by reducing the orchestrator's memory consumption. This rewrite also enables substantial latency reduction, code simplification, and better abstractions, which will open the door to later feature additions. Read more about [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|the changes]].
* Users can now sort search results alphabetically by page title. The update gives an additional option to finding pages more easily and quickly. Previously, results could be sorted by Edit date, Creation date, or Relevance. To use the new option, open 'Advanced Search' on the search results page and select 'Alphabetically' under 'Sorting Order'. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403775]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons from importing files from Flickr has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419263]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new special page, [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}]], has been created to list transcluded pages that are flagged as containing lint errors to help users discover them easily. The list is sorted by the number of transclusions with errors. For example: [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}/night-mode-unaware-background-color]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170874]
* Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature have been using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages, for some time now. Along with promoting CodeMirror 6 out of beta, the plan is to replace CodeEditor as the standard editor for these content models by May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|Feedback or concerns are welcome]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] JavaScript modules will soon be upgraded to CodeMirror 6. Leading up to the upgrade, loading the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.lib&lt;/code&gt; modules from gadgets and user scripts was deprecated in July 2025. The use of the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.switch&lt;/code&gt; hook was also deprecated in March 2025. Contributors can now make their scripts or gadgets compatible with CodeMirror 6. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror#Gadgets and user scripts|migration guide]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373720]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team is expanding coverage of REST API module definitions to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API/Extensions|extension APIs]]. REST API modules are groups of related endpoints that can be independently managed and versioned. Modules now exist for [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414470 GrowthExperiments] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419053 Wikifunctions] APIs. As we migrate extension APIs to this structure, documentation will move out of the main MediaWiki OpenAPI spec and REST Sandbox view, and will instead be accessible via module-specific options in the dropdown on the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox] (i.e., [[{{#Special:RestSandbox}}]], available on all wiki projects).
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] extension provides different pieces of information about the wiki where the module is being used via the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual|mw.site]] library. Starting last week, the library also provides a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.site.wikiId|way]] of accessing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Wiki ID|wiki ID]] that can be used to facilitate cross-wiki module maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146616]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.20|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|2026 Coolest Tool Award]] celebrating outstanding community tools, is now open for nominations! Nominate your favorite tool using the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/435684?lang=en nomination survey] form by 23 March 2026. For more information on privacy and data handling, please see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Coolest_Tool_Award_2026_Survey_Privacy_Statement|survey privacy statement]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:35, 16 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30260505 --&gt;

== Images for &quot;toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter&quot; are broken because of an incorrect thumbnail size ==

When trying to edit [[toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter]], all of the page images are broken. (Example: [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-872px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg Page 938], obtained from the &quot;Image&quot; tab at the top of [[Page:Toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter.pdf/938]])

It looks like this is because the images are using 872px as the thumbnail size. Setting the size of the thumbnail manually in the URL to 960px (or any of the other sizes listed [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Common_thumbnail_sizes here]) fixes the issue ([https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-960px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg fixed URL for page 938]).

Is there a way for the default thumbnail size be changed to something other than 872px so the images show up properly in the editor?

Thanks in advance.

[[User:Tymewalk|Tymewalk]] ([[User talk:Tymewalk|talk]]) 03:47, 19 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|This strikes me as a weird quirk or possible bug in ProofreadPage. I can confirm that I get the same kind of broken page image, using Firefox 148.0.2 for Windows, and the Monobook skin. I’ll see if I can force a fix by just purging some pages here and on commons, as sometimes that fixes issues with PDFHandler. Otherwise, we can try posting over to [[:mw:Project:Village Pump]] and see if anybody knows if it’s related to a known and tracked issue, or if it needs a new issue reported. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:23, 23 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikimedia site users can now log in without a password using passkeys. This is a secure method supported by fingerprint, facial recognition, or PIN. With this change, all users who opt for passwordless login will find it easier, faster, and more secure to log in to their accounts using any device. The new passkey login option currently appears as an autofill suggestion in the username field. An additional [[phab:T417120|&quot;Log in with passkey&quot; button]] will soon be available for users who have already registered a passkey. This update will improve security and user experience. The [[c:File:Passwordless_login_screencast.webm|screen recording]] demonstrates the passwordless login process step by step.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia site users can now export their notifications older than 5 years using a [[toolforge:echo-chamber|new Toolforge tool]]. This will ensure that users retain their important notifications and avoid them being lost based on the planned change to delete notifications older than 5 years, as previously announced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* Wikipedia editors in Indonesian, Thai, Turkish, and Simple English now have access to Special:PersonalDashboard. This is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Dashboard|early version of an experience]] that introduces newer editors to patrolling workflows, making it easier for them to move from making edits to participating in more advanced moderation work on their project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402647]
* The [[Special:Block]] now has two minor interface changes. Administrators can now easily perform indefinite blocks through a dedicated radio button in the expiry section. Also, choosing an indefinite expiry provides a different set of common reasons to select from, which can be changed at: [[MediaWiki:Ipbreason-indef-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401823]
* Mobile editors [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Logged-out|at several wikis]] can now see an improved logged-out edit warning, thanks to the recent updates from the Growth team. These changes released last week are part of ongoing efforts and tests to enhance [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|account creation experience on mobile]] and then increase participation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408484]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:36}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:36|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented mobile web users from seeing the block information when affected by multiple blocks has been fixed. They can now see messages of all the blocks currently affecting them when they access Wikipedia.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Images built using Toolforge will soon get the upgraded buildpacks version, bringing support for newer language versions and other upstream improvements and fixes. If you use Toolforge Build Service, review the recent [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EMYTA32EV2V5SQ2JIEOD2CL66YFIZEKV/ cloud-announce email] and update your build configuration as necessary to ensure your tools are compatible. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Toolforge/Building_container_images&amp;oldid=2392097#Buildpack_environment_upgrade_process][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380127]

* The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal] documentation wiki will shut down in June 2026. API keys created on the API Portal will continue to work normally. api.wikimedia.org endpoints will be deprecated gradually starting in July 2026. Documentation on the API Portal is moving to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.21|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is considering improvements to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|automatically generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Please check out the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Proposed solutions|proposed solutions]] and participate in the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Request for comment|request for comment]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:51, 23 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30268305 --&gt;

== Proposed changes to [[Main Page]] ==

I think we should:
#Move it to [[Wikisource:Main Page]] and
#Include some text introducing that this is a stand-alone wiki, not just a portal. I think we should explain that this wiki hosts:
#*Multilingual works
#*Works in a language with too small a corpus
#*Works that are incubating to a subdomain
#*Works that are made up of non-linguistic content
#*Works with languages that have subdomains but that won't accept a particular work for whatever reason
Thoughts on these changes? —[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''vf&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 06:20, 25 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|I think about this a lot, and I don’t have a great answer. Honestly, my ideal would be to split multi-lingual WS into mul.wikisource.org, and organize it as its own project, and make this main wikisource.org ''just'' a portal to those other sites, similar to how Wikipedia works (and by default redirecting all traffic to specific pages to the page on mul.ws). I think that would be clearer to people, including editors. However, that’s a pretty big change, and I wouldn’t move forward with it without substantial discussion both here and at individual language subdomains.
: In the meantime, I think your proposal’s points are reasonable. I don’t see a particular reason to move the main page to [[Wikisource:Main Page]], but everything else seems fine. I would also add that the main page should specifically say &quot;Welcome to Multilingual Wikisource.&quot; -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 13:01, 30 March 2026 (UTC)}}
: I agree with Mathmitch7. Moving to mul.wikisource.org seems like a good idea.--[[User:Namoroka|Namoroka]] ([[User talk:Namoroka|talk]]) 09:27, 4 April 2026 (UTC)

== Upcoming Wikimedia Café meetup regarding the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]] ==

{{tmbox
| image = [[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|45px]]
| type=notice
| text  = Hello! There will be a '''[[:meta:Wikimedia Café|Wikimedia Café]]''' meetup on '''Saturday, 11 April 2026 at 14:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1775916000 timestamp conversion tool]), focusing on the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]]. The featured guests will be &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:KStineRowe_(WMF) Kelsi Stine-Rowe]&lt;/span&gt; (senior manager, [[:meta:Movement Communications|Movement Communications]], Wikimedia Foundation), and &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Samwalton9_(WMF) Sam Walton] (senior product manager, [[:mw:Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools]], Wikimedia Foundation). &lt;br /&gt;

In addition to this Café session, [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration|several additional meetings regarding the Annual Plan are listed on the Collaboration page]], and you may participate on the [[:meta:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. &lt;br /&gt;

This Café meetup will be approximately two hours long. Attendees may choose to attend only for a part. Please see the Café page for more information, including [[:meta:Wikimedia Café#Signups for the April 2026 session|how to register]]. &lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]]
}}
[[User:Pine|Pine]] ([[User talk:Pine|talk]]) 05:18, 29 March 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-14 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Beta version of [[abstract:|Abstract Wikipedia]] a new Wikimedia project which is language-independent, was launched last week. The project allows communities to build Wikipedia articles in their native language, which can be readily accessed by other users in their own languages. The wiki is powered by instructions from Wikifunctions and also based on structured content from Wikidata. [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-26|Read more]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Growth team is running an A/B test to evaluate a clearer, more user-friendly message that promotes account creation on wikis. Currently when logged-out mobile users begin editing, they see a jarring warning message that can feel abrupt and discouraging. This also presents temporary account editing as the default rather than encouraging account creation. The test is running on ten Wikipedias, including Arabic, French, Spanish and German. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#2. Improve logged-out warning message (T415160)|Read more]].
* The Wikimedia Apps team is inviting feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Future of Editing on the Mobile Apps|how editing should work on the Wikipedia mobile apps]]. The discussion focuses on improving how users access editing tools when they tap &quot;Edit&quot;. This is part of a broader effort to convert readers who develop an interest in editing, to access a more user-friendly pathway to start contributing.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:45}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:45|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where citation fetching from the large newspaper archive [https://www.newspapers.com Newspapers.com] was no longer working, due to a block in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid|Citoid]] requests, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419903]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.22|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W14&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:25, 30 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30329462 --&gt;

== Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) ==

Hello everyone,

This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as &lt;code&gt;Module:Itemgroup/list&lt;/code&gt;).

'''The Change:'''&lt;br /&gt;
Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. 

We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''.

'''What You Need To Do:'''&lt;br /&gt;
To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search.

'''Deadline:'''&lt;br /&gt;
We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles.

Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:11, 3 April 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=29941252 --&gt;</text>
      <sha1>7sp1hau8t0wjo55eehu24u1yx5bylq3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>1333112</id>
      <parentid>1333111</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T09:32:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Namoroka</username>
        <id>50099</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Proposed changes to Main Page */</comment>
      <origin>1333112</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="88566" sha1="qtn4z08nl0y7zh5fxr69b66s2x4qvoc" xml:space="preserve">{{scriptoriumhead}}
== Tech News: 2026-03 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* As part of the current work of Community Tech team on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W372|Multiple watchlists]] project, the display of [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]] will be updated as a first step towards multiple watchlists. Additionally, the pagination on [[Special:Search|Search]] will be updated too, as a part of the work on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community Wishlist/W186|Revamp pagination / page navigation]] wish. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411596]
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] is a MediaWiki [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that lets you see your watchlists from different wikis on the same page. It was recently updated to look more like the regular [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]], such as preparing it for temporary accounts in IP masking (including rerouting user links to contributions pages), making page titles bold, and opening links in edit summaries and tags in new browser tabs. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398361][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T298919][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T273526][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T286309]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where global blocks did not have the option to disable sending emails, has now been fixed, and will be available for use in the week of January 13. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401293]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Citation tool|VisualEditor citation tool]] and [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Reference Previews|Reference Previews]] now support &quot;map&quot; as a reference type. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411083]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.10|MediaWiki]]/[[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.11|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/03|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W03&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:33, 12 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 ==

Dear Wikimedia communities,

We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year.

''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.''

In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects.

We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community.

📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]]

If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs:  
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]]
* [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]]

''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]'''''

''Stay connected and receive updates:''  
* [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel]  
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list]

We look forward to collaborating with you and your community.


'''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-04 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The tray shown on [[Special:Diff|Special:Diff]] in mobile view has been redesigned. It is now collapsed by default, and incorporates a link to undo the edit being viewed, making it easier for mobile editors and reviewers to take action while keeping the interface uncluttered. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402297] 
* [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|The Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now automatically determines the text direction (ensuring correct display of sites with unusual domain names) and shows detailed descriptions for log actions. Later this week, a new permanent link for page creations and CSS classes for each entry element will be added. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T412505][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T287929][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T262768][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414135]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:32}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:32|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the previously observed issue in Vector 2022, where anchor link targets were obscured by the sticky header, has now been addressed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406114]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* As mentioned in the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2025/44|October 2025 deprecation announcement]], MediaWiki Interfaces team will begin sunsetting all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the MediaWiki REST API the week of January 26. Changes are expected to roll out to all wikis on or before January 30th. All API users currently calling them are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. Both endpoint variations can be found, compared, and tested using the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox]. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in Phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* Interactive reference documentation for the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia REST API|Wikimedia REST API]] has moved. Requests to API docs previously hosted through [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/RESTBase|RESTBase]] (e.g.: &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/api/rest_v1/&lt;/code&gt;) are now redirected to the [[w:en:Special:RestSandbox|REST Sandbox]].
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata Platform|WMF Wikidata Platform team]] (WDP) has published its [[d:Special:MyLanguage/Wikidata:Wikidata Platform team/Newsletter|January 2026 newsletter]]. It includes updates on the legacy full-graph endpoint decommissioning, the User-Agent policy change, the monthly Blazegraph migration office hours, and efforts to reduce regressions caused by the legacy endpoint shutdown. As a reminder, you can [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/WDP team updates|subscribe to the WDP newsletter]]!
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.12|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026|Wikimedia Hackathon Northwestern Europe 2026]] will take place on 13-14 March 2026 in Arnhem, the Netherlands. Applications opened mid-December and will close soon or when capacity is reached. It's a two-day, technically oriented hackathon bringing together Wikimedians from the region. Hope to see you there!

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/04|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W04&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 20:29, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Annual review of the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
I am writing to you to let you know the annual review period for the Universal Code of Conduct and Enforcement Guidelines is open now. You can make suggestions for changes through 9 February 2026. This is the first step of several to be taken for the annual review. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Annual review/2026|Read more information and find a conversation to join on the UCoC page on Meta]].

The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. This annual review was planned and implemented by the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|you may review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this information with other members in your community wherever else might be appropriate.

-- In cooperation with the U4C, [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]])&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;

21:02, 19 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Support for Bodo Wikisource (Ws/brx) on Wikimedia Incubator ==

Hello,

I am working on setting up Bodo Wikisource (language code: brx) on Wikimedia Incubator.
I would like guidance on ProofreadPage, Index creation, and language approval process.

Bodo is an officially recognized language of India and is written in Devanagari script.

Thank you. [[User:Bkbrahma1|Bkbrahma1]] ([[User talk:Bkbrahma1|talk]]) 07:37, 21 January 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-05 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia Foundation invites comments on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Year1 Reflections and Proposed Way Forward 2026 Update|proposed future]] of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council|Product and Technology Advisory Council]] until 28 February.
* All users with registered accounts can now use passkeys for [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Two-factor authentication|two-factor authentication]] (2FA). Passkeys are a simple way to log in without using a second device. They verify the user's identity using a fingerprint, face scan, or a PIN code. To set up a passkey, first set up a regular 2FA method. Currently, to log in with a passkey, users must also use a password. Later this quarter, passwordless login will allow users to log in with a single click and a passkey. Users with advanced rights will also be required to have 2FA enabled. This is part of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Product Safety and Integrity/Account Security|Account Security]] project.
* Unregistered contributors on blocked IPs or blocked IP ranges can now interact on-wiki to appeal a block by creating a temporary account to appeal a block on the user talk page, unless the &quot;prevent this user from editing their own talk page&quot; is enabled. This solves the problem of logged-out users unable to use the default unblock process via user talk page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T398673]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:20}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:20|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) methods description on the management page has been updated. It is now clearer and easier for users to understand and make use of. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T332385]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new AbuseFilter variable, &lt;code&gt;account_type&lt;/code&gt;, has been added to provide a reliable way to determine the account type being created in the &lt;code&gt;createaccount&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;autocreateaccount&lt;/code&gt; actions. As part of this change, the variable &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; has been renamed to &lt;code&gt;account_name&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;accountname&lt;/code&gt; is now deprecated. Edit filter managers should update any filters that use hardcoded account type checks or the deprecated variable. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414049]
* Image thumbnails that are requested in non-standard sizes, and using non-standard methods such as direct requests to &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;upload.wikimedia.org/…&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; will stop working in the near future. This change is to prevent ongoing external abuse by web-scrapers and bots. Some users with custom CSS/JS, Interface Admins who can fix gadgets and local skins, and Tool-authors, will need to update their code to use standard thumbnail sizes. [[phab:T414805|Details, search-links, and examples of how to fix them, are available in the task]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.13|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/05|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W05&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 21:17, 26 January 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-06 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The &quot;{{int:pageinfo-toolboxlink}}&quot; feature, which gives validating information about a page ([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=info}} example]), now automatically includes a table of contents. If there is a local [[{{ns:8}}:Pageinfo-header]] page created by individual users, it can now be removed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T363726]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, VisualEditor previously added bold or italic formatting inside link descriptions, making the wikicode complex. This has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409669]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* There was no XML dump on 20 January. Additionally, from now on, dumps will be generated once per month only. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414389]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team removed support for all transform endpoints containing a trailing slash from the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/API:REST%20API MediaWiki REST API]. All API users currently calling those endpoints are encouraged to transition to the non-trailing slash versions. If you have questions or encounter any problems, please file a ticket in phabricator to the [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/project/view/6931/ #MW-Interfaces-Team board].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.14|MediaWiki]]

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Users are reminded that the Wikimedia Foundation has shared some guiding questions for the July 2026–June 2027 Annual Plan on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Product &amp; Technology OKRs|Meta]] and ''[[diffblog:2025/12/10/shaping-wikimedia-foundations-2026-2027-annual-goals-key-questions-for-the-wikimedia-movement/|Diff]]''. These focus on global trends, faster and healthier experimentation, better support for newcomers, strengthening editors and advanced users, improving collaboration across projects, and growing and retaining readership. Feedback and ideas are welcome on the [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/06|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W06&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:43, 2 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Page language ==

It is possible to change page language from default to Lingua Franca Nova (&lt;code&gt;lfn&lt;/code&gt; for [[Main Page/Lingua Franca Nova]], [[La Prea a Senior]] and [[Jura de Hipocrate]]? Thanks in advance. [[User:Evelino Ucelo|Evelino Ucelo]] ([[User talk:Evelino Ucelo|talk]]) 17:10, 5 February 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-07 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] Logged-in contributors who manage large or complex watchlists can now organise and filter watched pages in ways that improve their workflows with the new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|Watchlist labels]] feature. By adding custom labels (for example: pages you created, pages being monitored for vandalism, or discussion pages) users can more quickly identify what needs attention, reduce cognitive load, and respond more efficiently. This improves watchlist usability, especially for highly active editors.
* A new feature available on [[Special:Contributions|Special:Contributions]] shows [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts|temporary accounts]] that are likely operated by the same person, and so makes patrolling less time-consuming. Upon checking contributions of a temporary account, users with access to temporary account IP addresses can now see a view of contributions from the related temporary accounts. The feature looks up all the IPs associated with a given temporary account within the data retention period and shows all the contributions of all temporary accounts that have used these IPs. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Trust and Safety Product/Temporary Accounts#February 2026: Improvements to the patroller tooling|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415674] 
* When editors preview a wikitext edit, the reminder box that they are only seeing a preview (which is shown at the top), now has a grey/neutral background instead of a yellow/warning background. This makes it easier to distinguish preview notes from actual warnings (for example, edit conflicts or problematic redirect targets), which will now be shown in separate warning or error boxes. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414742]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] continues to improve — it now properly supports more than one Wikibase site, for example both [[d:|Wikidata]] and [[testwikidata:|testwikidata]]. In addition, issues regarding text direction have been fixed for users who prefer Wikidata or other Wikibase sites in right-to-left (RTL) languages. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415440][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415458]
* The automatic &quot;magic links&quot; for ISBN, RFC, and PMID numbers have been [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic links|deprecated in wikitext since 2021]] due to inflexibility and difficulties with localization. Several wikis have successfully replaced RFC and PMID magic links with equivalent external links, but a template was often required to replace the functionality of the ISBN magic link. There is now a new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Magic words#isbn|built-in parser function]] &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{#isbn}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; available to replace the basic functionality of the ISBN magic link. This makes it easier for wikis who wish to migrate off of the deprecated magic link functionality to do so. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T145604]
* Two new wikis have been created: 
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q35401|Jju]] ([[w:kaj:|&lt;code&gt;w:kaj:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413283]
** a {{int:project-localized-name-group-wikipedia}} in [[d:Q1186896|Nawat]] ([[w:ppl:|&lt;code&gt;w:ppl:&lt;/code&gt;]]) [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413273]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. 

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new global user group has been created: [[{{int:grouppage-local-bot}}|{{int:group-local-bot}}]]. It will be used internally by the software to allow community bots to bypass rate limits that are applied to abusive [[w:en:Web scraping|web scrapers]]. Accounts that are approved as bots on at least one Wikimedia wiki will be automatically added to this group. It will not change what user permissions the bot has. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415588]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.15|MediaWiki]]

'''Meetings and events'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference Spring 2026|MediaWiki Users and Developers Conference, Spring 2026]] will be held March 25–27 in Salt Lake City, USA. This event is organized by and for the third-party MediaWiki community. You can propose sessions and register to attend. [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikitech-l@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/AZBWVI46SDEB65PGR5J6E4TYOQQEZXM7/]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W07&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 23:30, 9 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Best place to translate meta-works about the capture of knowledge? ==

There are some interesting freely licensed works about librarianship, archiving, and the like.  E.g. this recent paper on [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VMkNDcY1KBH1YV0QOVGs38o6eetUTddj/view Content Authenticity and Provenance ] -- which are often in just one language and not well indexed, but bear preserving and translating.  Is there a good WS project or collection for such things?  Does it make sense to have a language-neutral wikiproject for collecting this type of knowledge across the field? [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 18:52, 11 February 2026 (UTC)

:{{en|My initial thought is that it makes the most sense to transcribe the original text on [[:en:]] (or whatever the source language is) and then allow the other languages' projects to pursue their own translations in accordance with their own policies. Perhaps coordination could be done via a multilingual wikiproject, like [[Wiksource:WikiProject Translations]] or similar. I've just started looking around the multilingual wikisource myself so I'm not sure if we have any more infrastructure than the mere ''possibility ''of organizing such a thing. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 22:43, 2 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-08 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Site Reliability Engineering|SRE Team]] will be performing a cleanup of Wikimedia's [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Etherpad|Etherpad]] instance, the web-based editor for real-time collaborative document editing. All pads will be permanently deleted after 30 April, 2026 – if there are still migration projects in progress at that point the team can revisit the date on a case by case basis. Please create local backups of any content you wish to keep, as deleted data cannot be recovered. This cleanup helps reduce database size and minimize infrastructure footprint. Etherpad will continue to support real-time collaboration, but long-term storage should not be expected. Additional cleanups may occur in the future without prior notice. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415237]

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Information Retrieval team will be launching an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|Android mobile app experiment]] that tests hybrid search capabilities which can handle both semantic and keyword queries. The improvement of on-platform search will enable readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily. The experiment will first be launched on Greek Wikipedia in late February, followed by English, French, and Portuguese in March. [https://diff.wikimedia.org/2026/01/08/semantic-search-making-it-easier-to-find-the-information-readers-want/ Read more] on Diff blog. [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Readers/Information_Retrieval]
* The Reader Growth team will run [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Growth/WE3.10.2 Mobile Table of Contents|an experiment]] for mobile web users, that adds a table of contents and automatically expands all article sections, to learn more about navigation issues they face. The test will be available on Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Indonesian, and Vietnamese Wikipedias.
* Previously, site notices ([[{{ns:8}}:Sitenotice]] and [[{{ns:8}}:Anonnotice]]) would only render on the desktop site. Now, they will render on all platforms. Users on mobile web will now see these notices and be informed. Site administrators should be prepared to test and fix notices on mobile devices to avoid interference with articles. To opt out, interface admins can add &lt;code dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;#siteNotice { display: none; }&lt;/code&gt; to [[{{ns:8}}:Minerva.css]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T138572][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416644]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:19}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:19|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue on [[Special:RecentChanges|Special:RecentChanges]] has been fixed. Previously, clicking hide in the active filters caused the &quot;view new changes since…&quot; button to disappear, though it should have remained visible. The button now behaves as expected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T406339]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* New documentation is now available to help editors debug on-site search features. It supports troubleshooting when pages do not appear in results, when ranking seems unexpected, and when you need to inspect what content is being indexed, helping make search behavior easier to understand and analyze. [[mw:Help:CirrusSearch/Debug|Learn more]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T411169]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.16|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/08|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W08&quot; /&gt;

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== Tech News: 2026-09 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Reference Check|Reference Check]] has been deployed to English Wikipedia, completing its rollout across all Wikipedias. The feature prompts newcomers to add a citation before publishing new content, helping reduce common citation-related reverts and improve verifiability. In A/B testing, the impact was substantial: newcomers shown Reference Check were approximately 2.2 times more likely to include a reference on desktop and about 17.5 times more likely on mobile web. [https://analytics.wikimedia.org/published/reports/editing/reference_check_ab_test_report_final_2025.html]
'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:InterwikiSorting|InterwikiSorting extension]], which allowed for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Interwiki sorting order|sorting of interwiki links]], has been undeployed from Wikipedia. As a result, editors who had enabled interwiki link sorting in non-compact mode (full list format) will now see links reordered. The links moving forward will be listed in the alphabetical order of language code. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T253764]
* Later this week, people who are editing a page-section using the mobile visual editor, will notice a new &quot;Edit full page&quot; button. When tapped, you will be able to edit the entire article. This helps when the change you want to make is outside the section you initially opened. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T387175][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T409112]
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|The Reader Experience team]] is inviting editors to assess whether dark mode should still be considered &quot;beta&quot; on their wiki, based on their experience of how well it functions on desktop and mobile. If the feature is deemed mature, editors can update the interface messages in &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:skin-theme-description&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;MediaWiki:Vector-night-mode-beta-tag&lt;/code&gt; to indicate that dark mode is ready and no longer considered beta.
* The improved [[mw:Wikimedia_Apps/Team/iOS/Activity_Tab|Activity tab]] which displays user-insights is now available to all users of the Wikipedia iOS app (version 7.9.0 and later). Following earlier A/B testing that showed higher account creation among users with access to the feature, it has been rolled out to 100% of users along with some updates. The Activity tab now shows your edited articles in the timeline, offers editing impact insights like contribution counts and article view trends, and customization options to improve in-app experience for users.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:21}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:21|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, a bug that prevented [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:DiscussionTools|DiscussionTools]] from working on mobile has now been fixed, restoring full functionality. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415303]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on one page. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] that makes this possible continues to improve. The latest upgrade is the inclusion of a [[mw:Extension:GlobalWatchlist#hook|new hook]], &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.globalwatchlist.rebuild&lt;/code&gt;, which fires after each watchlist rebuild. This allows you to run gadgets and user scripts for the Special page. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T275159]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.17|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/09|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W09&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:03, 23 February 2026 (UTC)
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== Tech News: 2026-10 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikipedia 25 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments|Birthday mode]] is now live on Betawi, Breton, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, French, Gorontalo, Indonesian, Italian, Luxembourgish, Madurese, Sicilian, Spanish, Thai, and Vietnamese Wikipedias! This limited-time campaign feature celebrates 25 years of Wikipedia with a birthday mascot, Baby Globe. When turned on, Baby Globe is shown on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments/article configuration|~2,500 articles]], waiting to be discovered by readers. Communities can choose to turn Birthday mode on by getting consensus from their community and asking an admin to enable the feature and customize it via [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikipedia 25/Easter egg experiments#Community Configuration Demo|community configuration]] on the local wiki.

'''Updates for editors'''
* [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|Sub-referencing]], a new feature to re-use references with different details has been released to Swedish Wikipedia, Polish Wikipedia and [[:phab:T418209|a couple of other wikis]]. You can [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#test|try the feature]] on these projects or on testwiki and [https://en.wikipedia.beta.wmcloud.org/wiki/Sub-referencing betawiki]. Learnings from the first pilot wiki German Wikipedia have been [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Learnings|published in a report]]. Reach out to the Wikimedia Deutschland team if you are [[:m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Pilot wikis|interested in becoming a pilot wiki]].
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check#Paste check|Paste Check]] will become available at all Wikipedias this week. The feature prompts newcomers who are pasting text they are not likely to have written into VisualEditor to consider whether doing so risks a copyright violation. Paste Check [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Tags|tags]] all edits where it is shown for potential review. Local administrators can configure various aspects of the feature via [[{{#special:EditChecks}}]]. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Edit check/Paste Check#A/B Experiment|Research]] across 22 wikis found that Paste Check resulted in an 18% decrease in relative reverted-edits compared to the control group. Translators can [https://translatewiki.net/w/i.php?title=Special%3ATranslate&amp;group=ext-visualeditor-ve-mw-editcheck&amp;filter=&amp;optional=1&amp;action=translate help to localize] this and related features.
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Reader Experience|Reader Experience team]] will be standardizing the user menu in the top right for all mobile users so that it is closer to the desktop experience. Currently this user menu is only visible to users with Advanced Mobile Controls (AMC) turned on. The only change is that a couple buttons previously in the left-side menu will move to the top right for users who do not have AMC turned on. This change is expected to go out March 9 and seeks to improve the user interface. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413912]
* Starting in the week of March 2, the emails sent out when an email address was added, removed, or changed for an account will switch to a substantially nicer and clearer HTML email from the prior plaintext one. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T410807]
* Notifications are currently limited to 2,000 historic entries per user, and extend back to 2013 when the feature was released. This is going to be changed to only store Notifications from the last 5 years, but up to 10,000 of them. This will help with long-term infrastructure health and help to prevent more recent notifications from disappearing too soon. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* The [[m:Special:GlobalWatchlist|Global Watchlist]] which lets you view your watchlists from multiple wikis on a single page continues to see improvements. The latest update improves label usage experience. The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:GlobalWatchlist|extension]] now allows activating the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Language#Fallback languages|language fallback system]] for Wikidata items without labels in the viewed language, and showing those labels in the user’s preferred Wikidata language if no &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;uselang=&lt;/code&gt; URL parameter is provided. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373686][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416111]
* The Wikipedia Android team has started a beta test of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Readers/Information Retrieval/Phase 1|hybrid search]] on Greek Wikipedia. Hybrid search capabilities can handle both semantic and keyword queries enabling readers to find what they’re looking for directly on Wikipedia more easily.
* For security reasons, members of certain user groups are [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Mandatory two-factor authentication for users with some extended rights|required to have two-factor authentication]] (2FA) enabled. Currently, 2FA is required to use the group, but not to be a member of it. Given that this model still has some vulnerabilities, the situation will [[phab:T418580|gradually change in March]]. Members of these groups will be unable to disable last 2FA method on their account, and it will be impossible to add users without 2FA to these groups. Users will still be able to add new authentication methods or remove them, as long as at least one method is continuously enabled. In the second half of March, users without 2FA will be removed from these groups. This applies to: CentralNotice administrators, checkusers, interface administrators, suppressors, Wikidata staff, Wikifunctions staff, WMF Office IT and WMF Trust &amp; Safety. Nothing will change for other users. See the linked task for deployment schedule. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418580]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:27}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:27|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue preventing users from creating an instance in [https://www.wikibase.cloud/ Wikibase.cloud] has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416807]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], over the next month the Wikimedia Foundation will implement global API rate limits across our APIs. In early March, stricter limits will be applied to unidentified requests from outside Toolforge/WMCS and API requests that are made from web browsers. In April, higher limits will be applied to identified traffic. These limits are intentionally set as high as possible to minimise impact on the community. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The Wikidata Query Service Linked Data Fragment (LDF) endpoint will be decommissioned in February. This endpoint served limited traffic, which was successfully migrated to other data access methods that were better suited to support existing use cases. The hardware used to support the LDF endpoint will be reallocated to support the ongoing backend migration efforts. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T415696]
* The new Parsoid parser [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Parsoid/Parser Unification/Updates|continues to be deployed to additional wikis]], improving platform sustainability and making it easier to introduce new reading and editing features. Parsoid is now the default parser on 488 WMF wikis (268 Wikipedias), now covering more than 10% of all Wikipedia page views.
* The process and criteria for [[Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Enterprise#Access|requesting exceptional access]] to the high volume feed of the ''Wikimedia Enterprise'' APIs (at no cost for mission-aligned usecases), [[m:Talk:Wikimedia Enterprise#Exceptional access criteria|have now been published]]. This is to provide more thorough and clearer documentation for users.
* [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/ Tech Blog], the blog dedicated to the Wikimedia technical community [https://techblog.wikimedia.org/2026/02/24/a-tech-blog-diff/ will be migrating] to [[diffblog:|Diff]], the community news and event blog. The migration should be complete in April 2026, after which new posts will be accepted for publishing. Readers will be able to access posts – old and new – on the landing page at https://diff.wikimedia.org/techblog.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.18|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/10|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W10&quot; /&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 17:51, 2 March 2026 (UTC)
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== Did some Author category cleanup, thinking about next steps ==

{{en| Good morning all, I recently moved around a bunch of categories in [[:Category:Authors]]. Notable additions include [[:Category:Authors by language]], [[:Category:Authors by profession]]. I also updated [[WS:LANG]] to include a column for language-specific Author categories, which are also (generally) collected in [[:Category:Authors by language]]. There is presently no consistent organization for the language author categories, which I think is fine, but I'd be interested in making some kind of consistency which we can use going forward.
: My thinking is that we could create categories like [[:Category:eng authors]] or [[:Category:zho authors]] for all of the languages represented here on multi-language wikisource with ISO-639 codes. Then, either redirect those pages to their respective language-specific Author categories (when they exist); or use them as their own category which would then be categorized into both the language's category and [[:Category:Authors by language]]. For example, [[:Category:lv authors]] would redirect to the Latvian-language [[:Category:Autori]], while [[:Category:tpn authors]] would serve as the equivalent Tupi-language category. This would help provide some useful infrastructure to support new languages works and authors in the future. 
: Thoughts? I'm open to suggestions. Don't want to be overly English-oriented, or create too much administrative burden for new users and language content. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:26, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}}

:

:{{en|An additional thought: I think it would be helpful if we created category pages for each ISO 639-1 code, possibly -2 or -3 as well for at least the languages included on multilingual wikisource and on their own subdomains. These would generally redirect to the language categories. For example, [[:Category:en]] would redirect to [[:Category:English]], [[:Category:lv]] would redirect to [[:Category:Ladin]], [[:Category:Ru]] would redirect to [[:Category:Русский]]. This would just be helpful for quickly categorizing works without having to find the specific &quot;correct&quot; category. Again, let me know what you think. [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 23:34, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-11 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.
* Last week, all wikis had 2 hours of read-only time, and extended unavailability for user-scripts and gadgets. This was due to a security incident which has since been resolved. Work is ongoing to prevent re-occurrences. For current information please see the [[m:Steward's noticeboard#Statement on Meta about today's user script security incident|post on the Stewards' noticeboard]] ([[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Product and Technology/Product Safety and Integrity/March 2026 User Script Incident|translations]]).

'''Updates for editors'''
* Users facing multiple blocks on mobile will now see the reasons for each block separately, instead of a generic message. This helps them understand why they are blocked and what steps they can take to resolve the issue. For example, users affected for using common VPNs (such as [[Special:MyLanguage/Apple iCloud Private Relay|iCloud Private Relay]]) will receive clearer guidance on what they need to do to start editing again. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T357118]
* Later this week, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/VisualEditor/Suggestion Mode|Suggestion Mode]] will become available as a beta feature within the visual editor at all Wikipedias. This feature proactively suggests various types of actions that people can consider taking to improve Wikipedia articles, and learn about related guidelines. The feature is locally configurable, and can also be locally expanded with custom Suggestions. Current settings can be seen at [[Special:EditChecks]] and there are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Suggestion mode#For administrators %E2%80%93 local customization|instructions for how administrators can customize]] the links to point to local guidelines. The feature is connected to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Edit check|Edit check]] which suggests improvements while someone is writing new content. In the future, the Editing team plans to evaluate the feature's impact with newcomers through a controlled experiment. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T404600]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where the cursor became misaligned during the use of CodeMirror’s syntax highlighting, which makes wikitext and code easier to read, has now been fixed. This problem specifically affected users who defined a font rule in a custom stylesheet while creating a new topic with DiscussionTools. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T418793]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* API rate limiting update: To help ensure [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/MediaWiki Product Insights/Responsible Reuse|fair use of infrastructure]], global API rate limits will be applied this week to requests without a compliant User-Agent that originate from outside Toolforge/WMCS and to unauthenticated requests made from web browsers. Higher limits will be applied to identified traffic in April. Bots running in Toolforge/WMCS or with the bot user right on any wiki should not be affected for now. However, all developers are advised to follow updated best practices. For more information, see [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits|Wikimedia APIs/Rate limits]].
* The new GraphQL API has been released. The API was developed as a flexible alternative to select features of the Wikidata Query Service (WDQS), to improve developer experience and foster adaptability, and efficient data access. Try it out and [[d:Wikidata:Wikibase GraphQL#Feedback and development|give feedback]]. You can also [https://greatquestion.co/wikimediadeutschland/GraphQLAPI/apply sign up for usability tests].
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group|PTAC Unsupported Tools Working Group]] continued improvements to [[commons:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Video2commons#|Video2Commons]] in February, with fixes addressing authentication errors, large-file handling, task queue visibility, and clearer upload behavior. Work is still ongoing in some areas, including changes related to deprecated server-side uploads. Read [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Product and Technology Advisory Council/Unsupported Tools Working Group#February 2026|this update]] to learn more.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.19|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The Article Guidance team invites experienced Wikipedia editors from selected [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Pilot wikis and collaborators#Collaborators|pilot wikis]] and interested contributors from other Wikipedias to fill out this questionnaire which is available in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfmLeVWnxmsCbPoI_UF2jyRcn73WRGWCVPHzerXb4Cz97X_Ag/viewform English], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd6rzr4XXQw8r4024fE3geTPFe13M_6w7Mitj-YJi0sOlWTAw/viewform?usp=header Arabic], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdok3-RfB18lcugYTUMGkpwmqG_8p760Wv4dCXitOXOszjUDw/viewform?usp=header Bengali], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfjTfYp4jEo0akA4B1e-Nfg3QZPCudUjhJzHzzDi6AHyAaMGA/viewform?usp=header Japanese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScteVoI29Aue4xc72dekk-6RYtvmMgQxzMI900UOawrFrSTWg/viewform?usp=header Portuguese], [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSetdxnYwL3ub2vqA7awCg5hJZPMIYcDPaiTe12rY9h0GYnVlw/viewform?usp=header Persian], and [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScNvfJF-Ot-4pzA4qAN771_0QDJ4Li19YcUsaTgSKW8Nc7U_Q/viewform?usp=header Turkish]. Your answers will help the team customize guidance for less experienced editors and help them learn community policies and practices while creating an article. Learn more [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|on the project page]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/11|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W11&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 18:52, 9 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30213008 --&gt;

== TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) gadget ==

{{ping|Pecha-pema|Abhignkr47|Saaifa|Mathmitch7}} and anyone interested. Greetings, pleasure to meet you and sorry to disturb. Apologies for writing in English. You appear to be the most active on Multilingual Wikisource of the latest days. I'm sorry for whoever interested I did not alert, I did not want to send out too many unwanted pings.

In short, I have written a gadget that can render [[w:Text Encoding Initiative|TEI XML]]-format texts as HTML. (You can turn it on in your preferences and check how it handles [[TEI:Fare i ri ëvetar shqip]]. A brief explanation is at [[Wikisource:TEI Gadget]].) It is a format used for a more scholarly kind of transcription, mainly used for palaeography, manuscripts or thorough critical digital editions. This is not meant as a replacement of the current situation but a way to better digitalise the cases which are not well-handled by Wikitext.

For technical reasons, mostly about security, the solution requires a new namespace (i.e. the thing that comes the colon in a page title, like &lt;code&gt;Page:&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Talk:&lt;/code&gt;), so I have to file a technical request for the namespace &lt;code&gt;TEI:&lt;/code&gt;. As regrettably scatterful as this project is, I assume that such a change would not be carried through without an attempt at a discussion with other editors. For this reason, I ask here whether any of you would oppose such a change.

Thank you for your love of writing, and the work you do to record it. :) [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 16:23, 13 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|Personally I'm fine with having a TEI: namespace or something similar. Support for this kind of document format would be very helpful and putting TEI documents into their own namespace seems like a good way to integrate it with our existing workflow, using a TEI: page as a source and then transcluding it to a normal &quot;work&quot; namespace using a template/Lua module.
: However, I would like to see us think about how we could use TEI or TEI markup alongside the existing Page transcription and transclusion workflow. I think one of the best things about Wikisource is that pages in the mainspace are generally linked back to their source scan in an easily verifiable, traceable, and auditable way. Although TEI is great for transcriptions, I don’t yet see an analogue for that particular type of &quot;backing&quot; to a scan. The example document you link has source information, but some work would need to be done to get to something as granular as what we already have for scan verification and to support proofreading efforts.
: That all being said, if the gadget works and TEI-XML is as robust as it appears to be, I’m fine with doing what must be done to implement support for it. If that includes a special namespace, at least here on multilingual ws, I '''support'''. Cheers! -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 19:45, 13 March 2026 (UTC)}}
::Hello, thanks for your thoughts and your support! :) I agree that scan-backed transcription is the strongest point of boast for Wikisource. The thing is that the transformers are very versatile, which isn't well visible by the example I gave, which only shows two almost-identical transformer schemes, with the only difference being script (if it can help get the idea, the green-boxed header is also generated by a transformer of the same structure.) With this in mind, my thought was to have &quot;Original scan&quot; as one of the selectable transformers (i.e. a column), which is fairly easily doable, just requires for the transformer to ignore all tags, except for &lt;code&gt;&lt;pb/&gt;&lt;/code&gt; (&quot;page break&quot;), which would show the images.
::I was going to implement this, I didn't because there is an unrelated [[phab:T418178|ongoing bug]] which makes the pages of DJVU files not display. See for example [[Page:Veqilharxhi - Ëvetar (1845).djvu/1]] (the same work already in wikitext). The page image used to work a while ago. So for now it would have looked like a bunch of error messages in mainspace. But it's definitely doable once the bug is fixed. :)
::This to me is also a way to make the scans more immediately accessible to the reader. I find them to be very valuable, especially in cases of manuscripts and other kind of texts in which TEI in particular shines, and having scans into a separate namespace always felt a bit like hiding them to me. The idea of having them user-toggleable seemed quite neat.
::Admittedly, it is true that it will never be as easy. TEI is inevitable much more cumbersome, difficult to learn and master, and in many cases harder to read from the source. The main workspace of editors using will most likely never be the Wikisource editor box, but rather VS Code with the &quot;Scholarly XML&quot; extension (AFAIK, most accessible widely used TEI environment), or similar software. For these reason, I emphasise that that TEI is meant for those who particularly have a lot of time and dedication at their disposal, and are willing to go through the hardships that are required to get something of academic quality. The vast majority of texts will be kept in wikitext. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 20:32, 13 March 2026 (UTC)
:What are the security concerns of having such a namespace enabled and how would you deal with them? Recently there was a mass deletion of random articles in multiple wikis because of a personal JS script gone rogue. PS: (I am well in favor of offering the wide community a sufficiently good for them standard for transcribing. Also I guess there is plenty of text already transcribed this way we could incorporate.) [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 11:36, 1 April 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-12 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translations]] are available.

'''Updates for editors'''
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature, also known as [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror 6]], has been used for wikitext syntax highlighting since November 2024. It will be promoted out of beta by May 2026 in order to bring improvements and new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror#Features|features]] to all editors who use the standard syntax highlighter. If you have any questions or concerns about promoting the feature out of beta, [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|please share]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T259059]
* Some changes to local user groups are performed by stewards on Meta-Wiki and logged there only. Now, interwiki rights changes will be logged both on Meta-Wiki and the wiki of the target user to make it easier to access a full record of user's rights changes on a local wiki. Past log entries for such changes will be backfilled in the coming weeks. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T6055]
* On wikis using [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Flagged Revisions|Flagged Revisions]], the number of pending changes shown on [[{{#Special:PendingChanges}}]] previously counted pages which were no longer pending review, because they have been removed from the system without being reviewed, e.g. due to being deleted, moved to a different namespace, or due to wiki configuration changes. The count will be correct now. On some wikis the number shown will be much smaller than before. There should be no change to the list of pages itself. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T413016]
* Wikifunctions composition language has been rewritten, resulting in a new version of the language. This change aims to increase service stability by reducing the orchestrator's memory consumption. This rewrite also enables substantial latency reduction, code simplification, and better abstractions, which will open the door to later feature additions. Read more about [[f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-11|the changes]].
* Users can now sort search results alphabetically by page title. The update gives an additional option to finding pages more easily and quickly. Previously, results could be sorted by Edit date, Creation date, or Relevance. To use the new option, open 'Advanced Search' on the search results page and select 'Alphabetically' under 'Sorting Order'. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T403775]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:28}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:28|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented UploadWizard on Wikimedia Commons from importing files from Flickr has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419263]
'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* A new special page, [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}]], has been created to list transcluded pages that are flagged as containing lint errors to help users discover them easily. The list is sorted by the number of transclusions with errors. For example: [[{{#special:LintTemplateErrors}}/night-mode-unaware-background-color]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T170874]
* Users of the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature have been using [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] for syntax highlighting when editing JavaScript, CSS, JSON, Vue and Lua content pages, for some time now. Along with promoting CodeMirror 6 out of beta, the plan is to replace CodeEditor as the standard editor for these content models by May 2026. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help talk:Extension:CodeMirror|Feedback or concerns are welcome]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332]
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] JavaScript modules will soon be upgraded to CodeMirror 6. Leading up to the upgrade, loading the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.lib&lt;/code&gt; modules from gadgets and user scripts was deprecated in July 2025. The use of the &lt;code dir=ltr&gt;ext.CodeMirror.switch&lt;/code&gt; hook was also deprecated in March 2025. Contributors can now make their scripts or gadgets compatible with CodeMirror 6. See the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror#Gadgets and user scripts|migration guide]] for more information. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T373720]
* The MediaWiki Interfaces team is expanding coverage of REST API module definitions to include [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:REST API/Extensions|extension APIs]]. REST API modules are groups of related endpoints that can be independently managed and versioned. Modules now exist for [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T414470 GrowthExperiments] and [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419053 Wikifunctions] APIs. As we migrate extension APIs to this structure, documentation will move out of the main MediaWiki OpenAPI spec and REST Sandbox view, and will instead be accessible via module-specific options in the dropdown on the [https://test.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:RestSandbox REST Sandbox] (i.e., [[{{#Special:RestSandbox}}]], available on all wiki projects).
* The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto|Scribunto]] extension provides different pieces of information about the wiki where the module is being used via the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual|mw.site]] library. Starting last week, the library also provides a [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:Scribunto/Lua reference manual#mw.site.wikiId|way]] of accessing the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Wiki ID|wiki ID]] that can be used to facilitate cross-wiki module maintenance. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T146616]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.20|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Coolest Tool Award|2026 Coolest Tool Award]] celebrating outstanding community tools, is now open for nominations! Nominate your favorite tool using the [https://wikimediafoundation.limesurvey.net/435684?lang=en nomination survey] form by 23 March 2026. For more information on privacy and data handling, please see the [[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Legal:Coolest_Tool_Award_2026_Survey_Privacy_Statement|survey privacy statement]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/12|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W12&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:35, 16 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30260505 --&gt;

== Images for &quot;toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter&quot; are broken because of an incorrect thumbnail size ==

When trying to edit [[toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter]], all of the page images are broken. (Example: [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-872px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg Page 938], obtained from the &quot;Image&quot; tab at the top of [[Page:Toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter.pdf/938]])

It looks like this is because the images are using 872px as the thumbnail size. Setting the size of the thumbnail manually in the URL to 960px (or any of the other sizes listed [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Common_thumbnail_sizes here]) fixes the issue ([https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-960px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg fixed URL for page 938]).

Is there a way for the default thumbnail size be changed to something other than 872px so the images show up properly in the editor?

Thanks in advance.

[[User:Tymewalk|Tymewalk]] ([[User talk:Tymewalk|talk]]) 03:47, 19 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|This strikes me as a weird quirk or possible bug in ProofreadPage. I can confirm that I get the same kind of broken page image, using Firefox 148.0.2 for Windows, and the Monobook skin. I’ll see if I can force a fix by just purging some pages here and on commons, as sometimes that fixes issues with PDFHandler. Otherwise, we can try posting over to [[:mw:Project:Village Pump]] and see if anybody knows if it’s related to a known and tracked issue, or if it needs a new issue reported. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:23, 23 March 2026 (UTC)}}

== Tech News: 2026-13 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* Wikimedia site users can now log in without a password using passkeys. This is a secure method supported by fingerprint, facial recognition, or PIN. With this change, all users who opt for passwordless login will find it easier, faster, and more secure to log in to their accounts using any device. The new passkey login option currently appears as an autofill suggestion in the username field. An additional [[phab:T417120|&quot;Log in with passkey&quot; button]] will soon be available for users who have already registered a passkey. This update will improve security and user experience. The [[c:File:Passwordless_login_screencast.webm|screen recording]] demonstrates the passwordless login process step by step.
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|All wikis will be read-only]] for a few minutes on Wednesday, 25 March 2026 at [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1774450800 15:00 UTC]. This is for the datacenter server switchover backup tests, [[wikitech:Deployments/Yearly calendar|which happen twice a year]]. During the switchover, all Wikimedia website traffic is shifted from one primary data center to the backup data center to test availability and prevent service disruption even in emergencies.

'''Updates for editors'''
* Wikimedia site users can now export their notifications older than 5 years using a [[toolforge:echo-chamber|new Toolforge tool]]. This will ensure that users retain their important notifications and avoid them being lost based on the planned change to delete notifications older than 5 years, as previously announced. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T383948]
* Wikipedia editors in Indonesian, Thai, Turkish, and Simple English now have access to Special:PersonalDashboard. This is an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Moderator Tools/Dashboard|early version of an experience]] that introduces newer editors to patrolling workflows, making it easier for them to move from making edits to participating in more advanced moderation work on their project. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T402647]
* The [[Special:Block]] now has two minor interface changes. Administrators can now easily perform indefinite blocks through a dedicated radio button in the expiry section. Also, choosing an indefinite expiry provides a different set of common reasons to select from, which can be changed at: [[MediaWiki:Ipbreason-indef-dropdown]]. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T401823]
* Mobile editors [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#Logged-out|at several wikis]] can now see an improved logged-out edit warning, thanks to the recent updates from the Growth team. These changes released last week are part of ongoing efforts and tests to enhance [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments|account creation experience on mobile]] and then increase participation. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T408484]
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:36}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:36|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the bug that prevented mobile web users from seeing the block information when affected by multiple blocks has been fixed. They can now see messages of all the blocks currently affecting them when they access Wikipedia.

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* Images built using Toolforge will soon get the upgraded buildpacks version, bringing support for newer language versions and other upstream improvements and fixes. If you use Toolforge Build Service, review the recent [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/cloud-announce@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/EMYTA32EV2V5SQ2JIEOD2CL66YFIZEKV/ cloud-announce email] and update your build configuration as necessary to ensure your tools are compatible. [https://wikitech.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Toolforge/Building_container_images&amp;oldid=2392097#Buildpack_environment_upgrade_process][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T380127]

* The [https://api.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page API Portal] documentation wiki will shut down in June 2026. API keys created on the API Portal will continue to work normally. api.wikimedia.org endpoints will be deprecated gradually starting in July 2026. Documentation on the API Portal is moving to [[mw:Wikimedia APIs|mediawiki.org]]. Learn more on the [[wikitech:API Portal/Deprecation|project page]].
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.21|MediaWiki]]

'''In depth'''
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|WMDE Technical Wishes]] is considering improvements to [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names|automatically generated reference names in VisualEditor]]. Please check out the [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Proposed solutions|proposed solutions]] and participate in the [[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/References/VisualEditor automatic reference names#Request for comment|request for comment]].

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/13|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W13&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 16:51, 23 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:UOzurumba (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30268305 --&gt;

== Proposed changes to [[Main Page]] ==

I think we should:
#Move it to [[Wikisource:Main Page]] and
#Include some text introducing that this is a stand-alone wiki, not just a portal. I think we should explain that this wiki hosts:
#*Multilingual works
#*Works in a language with too small a corpus
#*Works that are incubating to a subdomain
#*Works that are made up of non-linguistic content
#*Works with languages that have subdomains but that won't accept a particular work for whatever reason
Thoughts on these changes? —[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''vf&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 06:20, 25 March 2026 (UTC)
{{en|I think about this a lot, and I don’t have a great answer. Honestly, my ideal would be to split multi-lingual WS into mul.wikisource.org, and organize it as its own project, and make this main wikisource.org ''just'' a portal to those other sites, similar to how Wikipedia works (and by default redirecting all traffic to specific pages to the page on mul.ws). I think that would be clearer to people, including editors. However, that’s a pretty big change, and I wouldn’t move forward with it without substantial discussion both here and at individual language subdomains.
: In the meantime, I think your proposal’s points are reasonable. I don’t see a particular reason to move the main page to [[Wikisource:Main Page]], but everything else seems fine. I would also add that the main page should specifically say &quot;Welcome to Multilingual Wikisource.&quot; -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 13:01, 30 March 2026 (UTC)}}
: I agree with Mathmitch7. Moving to mul.wikisource.org seems like a good idea. Like Wikidata and Wikispecies, we should have a centralized and organized Main Page for each language using Extension:Translate --[[User:Namoroka|Namoroka]] ([[User talk:Namoroka|talk]]) 09:27, 4 April 2026 (UTC)

== Upcoming Wikimedia Café meetup regarding the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]] ==

{{tmbox
| image = [[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|45px]]
| type=notice
| text  = Hello! There will be a '''[[:meta:Wikimedia Café|Wikimedia Café]]''' meetup on '''Saturday, 11 April 2026 at 14:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1775916000 timestamp conversion tool]), focusing on the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]]. The featured guests will be &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:KStineRowe_(WMF) Kelsi Stine-Rowe]&lt;/span&gt; (senior manager, [[:meta:Movement Communications|Movement Communications]], Wikimedia Foundation), and &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Samwalton9_(WMF) Sam Walton] (senior product manager, [[:mw:Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools]], Wikimedia Foundation). &lt;br /&gt;

In addition to this Café session, [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration|several additional meetings regarding the Annual Plan are listed on the Collaboration page]], and you may participate on the [[:meta:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. &lt;br /&gt;

This Café meetup will be approximately two hours long. Attendees may choose to attend only for a part. Please see the Café page for more information, including [[:meta:Wikimedia Café#Signups for the April 2026 session|how to register]]. &lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]]
}}
[[User:Pine|Pine]] ([[User talk:Pine|talk]]) 05:18, 29 March 2026 (UTC)

== Tech News: 2026-14 ==

&lt;section begin=&quot;technews-2026-W14&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;
Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translations]] are available.

'''Weekly highlight'''
* The Beta version of [[abstract:|Abstract Wikipedia]] a new Wikimedia project which is language-independent, was launched last week. The project allows communities to build Wikipedia articles in their native language, which can be readily accessed by other users in their own languages. The wiki is powered by instructions from Wikifunctions and also based on structured content from Wikidata. [[:f:Special:MyLanguage/Wikifunctions:Status updates/2026-03-26|Read more]].

'''Updates for editors'''
* The Growth team is running an A/B test to evaluate a clearer, more user-friendly message that promotes account creation on wikis. Currently when logged-out mobile users begin editing, they see a jarring warning message that can feel abrupt and discouraging. This also presents temporary account editing as the default rather than encouraging account creation. The test is running on ten Wikipedias, including Arabic, French, Spanish and German. [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account Creation Experiments#2. Improve logged-out warning message (T415160)|Read more]].
* The Wikimedia Apps team is inviting feedback on [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Apps/Team/Future of Editing on the Mobile Apps|how editing should work on the Wikipedia mobile apps]]. The discussion focuses on improving how users access editing tools when they tap &quot;Edit&quot;. This is part of a broader effort to convert readers who develop an interest in editing, to access a more user-friendly pathway to start contributing.
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:45}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:45|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where citation fetching from the large newspaper archive [https://www.newspapers.com Newspapers.com] was no longer working, due to a block in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Citoid|Citoid]] requests, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419903]

'''Updates for technical contributors'''
* [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.22|MediaWiki]]

'''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/14|Translate]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&amp;nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].''
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;technews-2026-W14&quot;/&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 19:25, 30 March 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&amp;oldid=30329462 --&gt;

== Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) ==

Hello everyone,

This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as &lt;code&gt;Module:Itemgroup/list&lt;/code&gt;).

'''The Change:'''&lt;br /&gt;
Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. 

We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''.

'''What You Need To Do:'''&lt;br /&gt;
To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search.

'''Deadline:'''&lt;br /&gt;
We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles.

Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:11, 3 April 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&amp;oldid=29941252 --&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="5014" sha1="07uhny9k21gg2h2sv9e00jqmqvn2zo8" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;3&quot; user=&quot;Kalsumsingmo&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;&lt;section begin=&quot;part1&quot;/&gt;པའི་རྒྱུའི་རྗེས་ལ་མི་བསྐྱེད་པའི་རྒྱུ་བསྟན་པའི་ཕྱིར་སྔོན་སྤྱོད་ཅེས་བྱ་བ་ལ་སོགས་པ་གསུངས་ཏེ། སྔོན་སྤྱད་པ་སྤྱོད་པའི་ཚེ་ན་སངས་རྒྱས་ཁྲག་ཁྲིག་ལ་ཡང་དག་པར་མཆོད་ཅིང་འཁོར་ལ་སོགས་པ་ཕུལ་ཡང་དེ་ལྟར་ཤེས་རབ་ཀྱི་ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། ཕུང་པོར་མངོན་པར་ཞེན་པ་དང་། 
མི་དགེ་བའི་གྲོགས་པོ་བསྟེན་པ་དང་། བདུད་ཀྱིས་བྱིན་གྱིས་བརླབས་པའི་རྒྱུས་རྒྱལ་བའི་ཡུམ་ལ་མ་དད་པ་ནི་དེ་མི་སྐྱེ་བའི་རྒྱུའི་སྟོབས་ཀྱིས་མངོན་པར་འདོད་པའི་ལམ་མངས་ནས་སྐྱབས་མེད་པར་འགྱུར་རོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བར་འབྲེལ་ཏོ། །གང་གིས་དེ་བཞིན་དུ་ཡུམ་ཐོས་ཀྱང་ཆོས་ཟབ་མོ་
མི་རྟོགས་པས་བློ་ཆུང་བ་དེ་ཡིས་འདི་སྤོང་བར་བྱེད་དེ། དེ་སྤངས་ནས་མནར་མེད་པའི་སེམས་ཅན་དམྱལ་བ་ཆེན་པོར་འགྲོ་སྟེ། ཤེས་རབ་ཀྱི་ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་པ་སྤངས་པ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་སངས་རྒྱས་དཀོན་མཆོག་ལ་སོགས་པས་འཛིན་པའི་སྐྱབས་མེད་པར་འགྱུར་བ་ཞེས་བྱའོ། །ཉེ་བར་
བསྡུ་བའི་ཕྱིར། དེ་ལྟ་བས་ན་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ལ་སོགས་པ་གསུངས་ཏེ། གང་ལ་མ་དད་པ་ཉིད་ཉེས་པ་ཡིན་པས་དེ་ལྟ་བས་ན་བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའ་ཁྱོད་ཀྱིས་གལ་ཏེ་སངས་རྒྱས་ཡེ་ཤེས་མཆོག་རེག་པ་སྟེ་མངོན་སུམ་དུ་ཐོབ་པར་འདོད་ན་ཤེས་རབ་ཀྱི་ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་པ་རྒྱལ་བའི་ཡུམ་
འདི་ལ་དད་པར་གྱིས་ཤིག །དཔེར་ན་ཚོང་པ་རིན་ཆེན་གླིང་དུ་སོང་ནས་ནི། །ཟོང་ཟད་སླར་ལོག་ལྟ་བུར་གྱུར་ན་མི་རུང་ངོ་། །དེ་བཞིན་དུ་ཤེས་རབ་ཀྱི་ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་པ་རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་གླིང་དུ་ཕྱིན་ན་སྔོན་ཉེ་བར་བསགས་པའི་དགེ་བའི་རྩ་བ་མི་ཟད་པ་ཁྱད་པར་དུ་འགྲོ་བར་འགྱུར་རོ། །
ཡོན་ཏན་རིན་པོ་ཆེ་སྡུད་པ་ཚིགས་སུ་བཅད་པ་ལས་དམྱལ་བའི་ལེའུ་སྟེ་བདུན་པའི་བཤད་པའོ།། །།
&lt;section end=&quot;part1&quot;/&gt;
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སྐྱེ་བ་དང་ནི་སྐྱེ་བའི་རྒྱུ་ཐོབ་པ་དང་སྤང་བའི་ཡུལ་བསྟན་ནས་དེ་བཞིན་དུ་སྐབས་ལ་བབ་པ་ཤིན་ཏུ་རྣམ་པར་དག་པའི་མཚན་ཉིད་བསྒོམ་པའི་ལམ་གྱི་རྣམ་པར་དག་པ་
སྤྱིར་བསྟན་པའི་ཕྱིར། གཟུགས་ཀྱི་དག་པ་འབྲས་བུ་དག་པར་རིག་པར་བྱ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་གསུངས་ཏེ། གཟུགས་ནི་རང་བཞིན་ཏེ་ཕུང་པོ་ལྔ་ལ་སོགས་པའོ། །བདག་དང་གཞན་ལ་སོགས་པའི་རྒྱུས་མངོན་པར་ཞེན་པ་དང་བྲལ་ཏེ་སྒྱུ་མ་ལྟ་བུ་ཉིད་ནི་དག་པའོ། །
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འབར་སྐུ་བཞིའི་དཀྱིལ་འཁོར་ཆོས་དབྱིངས་མཁར་འཕགས་ཏེ། །ཐུགས་རྗེ་ཆེན་པོས་ཡན་ལག་དྲུག་ཅུའི་གསུང་གི་འོད་ཟེར་མཐའ་ཡས་འགྲོ་ལ་དྲི་མེད་རབ་འཕྲོ་ཞིང༌། །ལྷུན་
གྱིས་གྲུབ་ཅིང་རྒྱུན་མི་འཆད་པའི་མཛད་པ་བཟང་པོས་མཐའ་ཡས་འགྲོ་བའི་མུན་པ་སེལ་མཛད་པ། །ཐུབ་དབང་རྣམས་དང་བླ་མ་སྐྱེས་ཆེན་འཇམ་པའི་དབྱངས་ཀྱི་ཞབས་ལ་བདག་
ནི་གུས་པར་ཕྱག་འཚལ་ལོ། །རང་ཉིད་ཚེ་རབས་ཀུན་ཏུ་འདྲིས་ཕྱིར་དང༌། །སྐལ་མཉམ་གཞན་ལའང་ཕན་པར་འགྱུར་སྙམ་དུ། །རྒྱལ་སྲས་དམ་པའི་སྤྱོད་ལ་འཇུག་པ་ཡི། །&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="4380" sha1="h36g4t4pwckhdzqb2f907cyblgt485i" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;3&quot; user=&quot;Ganga4364&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;&lt;section begin=&quot;part1&quot;/&gt;པོ་ནི། སྡུག་བསྔལ་དྲག་པོ་བསྐྱེད་པས་ཞེ་སྡང་ཟུག་རྔུ་ལྟ་བུའི་སེམས་འཆང་ན་ཡིད་ནི་སྡུག་བསྔལ་ཞི་བའི་དགའ་བ་ཉམས་སུ་མི་མྱོང་ཞིང་ཡིད་དགའ་བ་དང༌། ལུས་བདེ་བའང་མི་འཐོབ་ལ་གཉིད་མི་འོང་ཞིང་སེམས་རྣལ་དུ་ཕེབས་པའི་བརྟན་
པའང་མེད་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །
&lt;includeonly&gt;====&lt;center&gt;3.2.2.2.2.2.3.1.1.1.1.2.2 མཛའ་བཤེས་སོགས་འཇོམས་པར་བྱེད་པ།&lt;/center&gt;&lt;br/&gt;====&lt;/includeonly&gt;
གཉིས་པ་ནི།ཁོང་ཁྲོ་ཅན་གང་དག་ནོར་དང་བཀུར་སྟི་ཡིས་དྲིན་བྱིན་ཏེ་བསྐྱངས་པ་ཕན་བྱེད་དེ་ལ་བརྟེན་པར་གྱུར་པ་དེ་དག་ཀྱང་ནི་ཞེ་སྡང་དང་ལྡན་པའི་རྗེ་དཔོན་དེ་ལ་གསོད་པར་རྒོལ་བ་ཡོད་དོ། །ཁོང་ཁྲོ་དེ་ཡིས་
མཛའ་བཤེས་ཀྱང་ཡིད་སུན་ནས་སྐྱོ་བར་འགྱུར་ལ་སྦྱིན་པས་བསྡུས་ཀྱང་དགའ་བས་བསྟེན་པར་མི་བྱེད་པས་དེ་སྤོང་བ་ལ་འབད་པར་བྱའོ། །
&lt;includeonly&gt;====&lt;center&gt;3.2.2.2.2.2.3.1.1.1.1.3 ཉེས་དམིགས་བསྡུས་ཏེ་བསྟན་པ།&lt;/center&gt;&lt;br/&gt;====&lt;/includeonly&gt;
གསུམ་པ་ནི། མདོར་ན་ཁྲོ་བས་བདེ་བར་གནས་པ་དེ་ནི་འགའ་ཡང་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་པས། ཁོང་ཁྲོ་བའི་དགྲ་
ཡིས་སྔར་བཤད་པའི་ཉེས་དམིགས་དེ་ལ་སོགས་པ་འདི་ཕྱིའི་སྡུག་བསྔལ་དག་ནི་བྱེད་པར་འགྱུར་བའི་རྒྱུ་ཕུལ་དུ་ཕྱིན་པའོ། །
&lt;includeonly&gt;====&lt;center&gt;7.1.2. བཟོད་པའི་ཕན་ཡོན་བསམ་པ།&lt;/center&gt;&lt;br/&gt;====&lt;/includeonly&gt;
གཉིས་པ་ནི།ཁོང་ཁྲོའི་ཉེས་དམིགས་ལེགས་པར་བསམས་ནས་གང་ཟག་གང་ཞིག་བསྒྲིམས་ཏེ་ཁྲོ་བ་འཇོམས་པ་
དེ་ནི་ཚེ་འདི་དང་ཚེ་གཞན་དུ་བདེ་བ་འབའ་ཞིག་གི་རྒྱུ་ཡིན་པས་དེ་སྤོང་བ་ལ་འབད་པར་བྱ་སྟེ། དེ་མ་སྤངས་ན་འཇམ་དཔལ་རྣམ་པར་རོལ་པའི་མདོ་ལས་གསུངས་པ་ལྟར་ཉེས་དམིགས་ཤིན་ཏུ་ཆེ་བས་སོ། །
&lt;section end=&quot;part1&quot;/&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;part2&quot;/&gt;&lt;includeonly&gt;===&lt;center&gt;3.2.2.2.2.2.3.1.1.1.2 བཟོད་པའི་ཕན་ཡོན་བསམ་པ།&lt;/center&gt;&lt;br/&gt;===&lt;/includeonly&gt;
གཉིས་པ་ལ་གཉིས། ཁོང་ཁྲོའི་རྒྱུ་དགག་
པར་བྱ་བ་དང༌། བཟོད་པའི་ཕན་ཡོན་བསྒོམ་པའོ། །
&lt;includeonly&gt;====&lt;center&gt;3.2.2.2.2.2.3.1.1.1.2.1 ཁོང་ཁྲོའི་རྒྱུ་དགག་པར་བྱ་བ། &lt;/center&gt;&lt;br/&gt;====&lt;/includeonly&gt;
དང་པོ་ལ་བཞི། རྒྱུའི་ངོ་བོ་ཉེས་དམིགས་དང་བཅས་པ་དང༌། ཁོང་ཁྲོ་ལྡོག་པའི་ཐབས་ལ་འབད་པར་གདམས་པ་དང༌། དེ་ལྡོག་པའི་ཐབས་དངོས་དང༌། ཁོང་ཁྲོ་སྐྱེ་བའི་རྒྱུ་ཞིབ་ཏུ་བརྟགས་ནས་
&lt;section end=&quot;part2&quot;/&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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382 འཕར་བ་དང་། ཕྱེད་དུ་འཕར་བ་དང་། གནས་ཐམས་ཅད་དུ་འཆི་འཕོ་བ་རྣམས་སུ་ཡོད་བའི་ཕྱིར། གཞན་ཕྱིར་མི་འོང་གཟུགས་མེད་ཉེར་འགྲོ་ནི་ཆོས་ཅན། རྣམ་པ་བཞི་ཡོད་དེ། སྐྱེས་ནས་འདའ་བ་ནས་གོང་དུ་འཕོ་བའི་བར་རྣམས་
སུ་ཡོད་བའི་ཕྱིར། མཐོང་ལམ་ཐོབ་པའི་ཚེ་འདི་ལ་མྱ་ངན་ལས་འདའ་བའི་ཕྱིར་མི་འོང་གཞན་ནི་ཕྱིར་མི་འོང་མཐོང་ཆོས་ཞི་ཡིན་ནོ། །གཉིས་པ་ནི། བར་འདའ་བ་དང་། སྐྱེས་ནས་འདའ་བ་དང་། གོང་དུ་འཕོ་བ་གསུམ་ལ་ཡང་རྣམ་པ་གསུམ་
གསུམ་དུ་ཕྱེ་ནས་གཟུགས་སུ་ཉེར་འགྲོ་དགུར་བཤད་དེ། དང་པོ་ལ་མྱུར་བར། མྱུར་བ་མ་ཡིན་པར། དུས་རིང་མོ་ཞིག་ནས་འདའ་བ་དང་གསུམ། གཉིས་པ་ལ་སྐྱེས་མ་ཐག་ནས། འདུ་བྱེད་དང་བཅས་ཏེ། འདུ་བྱེད་མེད་པར་འདའ་བ་དང་གསུམ། གསུམ་
པ་ལ་འཕར་བ། ཕྱེད་དུ་འཕར་བ། གནས་ཐམས་ཅད་དུ་འཆི་འཕོ་བ་དང་གསུམ་དུ་ཕྱེ་བས་སོ། །དེ་དག་གི་ཁྱད་པར་གང་ལས་བཞག་ཅེ་ན། ཕྱིར་མི་འོང་དགུ་པོ་དེ་དག་གི་ཁྱད་པར་རྣམས། ལས་དང་དབང་པོ་དང་ཉོན་མོངས་པའི་བྱེ་བྲག་
ལས་བཞག་སྟེ། དང་པོ་གསུམ་མངོན་པར་འགྲུབ་པའི་ལས་དང་། བར་པ་གསུམ་སྐྱེས་ནས་མྱོང་འགྱུར་གྱི་ལས་དང་། ཕྱི་མ་གསུམ་ལན་གྲངས་གཞན་ལ་མྱོང་འགྱུར་གྱི་ལས་དང་། དང་པོ་གསུམ་དབང་པོ་རྣོ་བ་དང་། བར་པ་གསུམ་དབང་པོ་
འབྲིང་དང་། ཐ་མ་གསུམ་དབང་པོ་རྟུལ་བ་དང་། དང་པོ་གསུམ་ཉོན་མོངས་ཆུང་བ་དང་། བར་པ་གསུམ་ཉོན་མོངས་འབྲིང་དང་། ཕྱི་མ་གསུམ་ཉོན་མོངས་ཆེན་པོའི་བྱེ་བྲག་ལས་བཞག་པའི་ཕྱིར། འོ་ན་ལུང་བར་མ་ལས། སྐྱེས་བུ་དམ་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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Abjuration; — '''Idju-n’iyi'''; — Abjuration; s.&lt;br&gt;
Abjure; — '''Dju-n’iyi'''; — Abjurer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Able; — '''Di-ike'''; — Capable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Ablution; — '''Nwụca, nwucapu'''; — Ablution; s.&lt;br&gt;
Abnegation; — '''Ieu-òwiye-iequ'''; — Abnégation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Abode; — '''Obi; uno'''; — Demeure; s.&lt;br&gt;
Abolish; — '''Wepu'''; — Abolir; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Abominable; — '''Di-alu'''; — Abominable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Abominate; — '''So'''; — Abhorrer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Abomination; — '''Alu, nso'''; — Abomination; s.&lt;br&gt;
Aboriginal; — '''Cbo'''; — Originaire; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Abortion; — '''Okwokwó-ime, Ikwò-ime'''; — Avortement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Abound; — '''Ba, nyi, tulu'''; — Abonder; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
About; — '''Okilikili, okolokolo'''; — Autour; prép.&lt;br&gt;
Above; — '''Enu, n’isi, n’enu'''; — Au-dessus de; prép.&lt;br&gt;
Abrade; — '''Kwoca, ciqa'''; — User; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Abreast; — '''Sita, n’iru'''; — De front; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Abridge; — '''Be-nkenke, kpukonata'''; — Abréger; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Abridgment; — '''Ibe-nkenke, Igbu-nkenke'''; — Abréviation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Abroad; — '''N’ilo, n’anima'''; — Dehors; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Abrogate; — '''Wughe; wupu'''; — Abroger; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Abrogation; — '''Nwughe'''; — Abrogation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Abrupt; — '''Di-ntumade, di-ibili udjo'''; — Abrupt-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Abscess; — '''Enfi, esoso, ife-ofifi'''; — Abcès; s.&lt;br&gt;
Abscind; — '''Bepu, gbupu, gbuepu'''; — Couper; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Abscission; — '''Mbepu, ngbupu'''; — Coupure; s.&lt;br&gt;
Abscond; — '''Zolu, djolu'''; — Se cacher; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Absolve; — '''Wuca, wucapu'''; — Absoudre; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Absorb; — '''Mi'''; — Absorber; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Absorption; — '''Omimi'''; — Absorption; s.&lt;br&gt;
Abstain; — '''Punata'''; — S’abstenir; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Absterge; — '''Fiça, Ficapu'''; — Absterger; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Abstinence; — '''Mpunata'''; — Abstinence; s.&lt;br&gt;
Abstract; — '''Sepu'''; — Abstraire; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Abundance; — '''Imelime'''; — Abondance; s.&lt;br&gt;
Abundant; — '''Di-imelime'''; — Abondant; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Abuse; — '''Meto'''; — Abuser; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Accede; — '''Kwelu'''; — Accéder; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Accelerate; — '''Gbanu, Nnkpọ'''; — Accélérer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Acceleration; — '''Mgbanu, mnukpọ'''; — Accélération; s.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category: Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <ns>104</ns>
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{{Rule}}
Accept; — '''Welu, nalu'''; — Accepter; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Acceptable; — '''Di-onama, di-oweye'''; — Agréable, plaisant; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Access; — '''Nkpubede'''; — Accès; s.&lt;br&gt;
Accessible; — '''Di-nkpubede'''; — Accessible; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Accession; — '''Ndjelu'''; — Abordage; s.&lt;br&gt;
Accident; — '''Oghom; ife-ibili udjo'''; — Accident; s.&lt;br&gt;
Acclimatation; — '''Nnyoli'''; — Acclimatation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Acclimate; — '''Nyoli'''; — S’acclimater; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Accompany; — '''Sonyelu'''; — Accompagner; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Accomplice; — '''Ofu-abo'''; — Complice; s.&lt;br&gt;
Accomplish; — '''Mezu'''; — Accomplir; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Accord; — '''Kwenyelu'''; — Accorder; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
According to; — '''Nonyelu'''; — Selon; prép.&lt;br&gt;
Accost; — '''Metualu, kpotualu, kene'''; — Accoster; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Account; — '''Gu-onu, kpe-onu, ko-akinko'''; — Compter; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Accouple; — '''Zakodo'''; — Accoupler; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Accumulate; — '''Tukpolu; tukpobe'''; — Accumuler; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Accurse; — '''Bu-onu'''; — Maudire; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Accusation; — '''Ebo, ebobo'''; — Accusation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Accuse; — '''Bo'''; — Accuser; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Accustom; — '''Meli'''; — Accoutumer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Acerbity; — '''Ngwumanya'''; — Acreté; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ache; — '''Ngbu'''; — Mal; s.&lt;br&gt;
Achieve; — '''Lu, me'''; — Achever; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Acid; — '''Uka'''; — Acide, aigre; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Acidity; — '''Igba-uka'''; — Acidité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Acknowledge; — '''Kwupụta, kwelu'''; — Avouer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Acquaint; — '''Gwata'''; — Informer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Acquire; — '''Kpata, luta'''; — Acquérir; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Acquit; — '''Ra, rapu'''; — Acquitter; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Acrid; — '''Inu'''; — Acre; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Across; — '''Ufye'''; — A travers; prép.&lt;br&gt;
Act; — '''Me'''; — Agir, faire; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Action; — '''Omeme'''; — Action; s.&lt;br&gt;
Active; — '''Ngwa, ukele'''; — Actif-ve; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Acute; — '''Di-enu'''; — Aigu-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Add; — '''Gunye'''; — Ajouter; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Addict; — '''Ralunye'''; — Se livrer; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Adduce; — '''Weputa'''; — Produire; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Adept; — '''Oka, okana'''; — Adepte; s. adj.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category:igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/13</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449268</id>
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      <id>1333035</id>
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{{Rule}}
Adhere; — '''Zado'''; — Adhérer; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Adhesiveness; — '''Ife di-nyamanyamya'''; — Ténacité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Adieu; — '''Ndo, nodumma'''; — Adieu; interj.&lt;br&gt;
Adjourn; — '''Bura'''; — Ajourner; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Adjudge; — '''Ra-ene'''; — Adjuger; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Adjuration; — '''Igba iyi'''; — Adjuration; s.&lt;br&gt;
Adjust; — '''Dozi'''; — Ajuster; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Admirable; — '''Di-nkili'''; — Admirable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Admire; — '''Kili'''; — Admirer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Admit; — '''Kwelu'''; — Admettre; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Admix; — '''Gwo, gbe'''; — Mêler; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Admonish; — '''Du-odu'''; — Avertir; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Admonition; — '''Ndumodu, ido-nti'''; — Avertissement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ado; — '''Uzu, mgbaghali'''; — Peine; s.&lt;br&gt;
Adolescence; — '''Okolobya'''; — Adolescence; s.&lt;br&gt;
Adolescent; — '''Di-okolobya'''; — Adolescent-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Adopt; — '''Nolu; gunye na nwa'''; — Adopter; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Adoption; — '''Igunye na nwa'''; — Adoption; s.&lt;br&gt;
Adorable; — '''Di-nsekpulu, tolu-nsekpulu'''; — Adorable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Adore; — '''Sekpulu'''; — Adorer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Adoration; — '''Nsekpulu'''; — Adoration; s.&lt;br&gt;
Adorn; — '''Dokwa, comma, ke, djikwa'''; — Orner; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Adornment; — '''Go mma, ekeke'''; — Ornementation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Adulation; — '''Nlila'''; — Adulation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Adult; — '''Okenye'''; — Adulte; s. adj.&lt;br&gt;
Adultery; — '''Iyi, oyi'''; — Adultère; s.&lt;br&gt;
Advance; — '''Ga, ga n’iru'''; — S’avancer; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Advent; — '''Obibya'''; — Avènement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Adversary; — '''Onye-ilo, di-oke'''; — Adversaire; s.&lt;br&gt;
Advert; — '''Do-iru, ce-iru'''; — Remarquer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Advertence; — '''Ice-iru'''; — Advertance; s.&lt;br&gt;
Advice; — '''Ndumodu'''; — Avis; s.&lt;br&gt;
Advisable; — '''Di-nduodu'''; — Convenable, à propos; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Advise; — '''Du-odu'''; — Avertir; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Advisement; — '''Nndumodu'''; — Délibération; s.&lt;br&gt;
Afar; — '''Noteaka'''; — Loin; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Affection; — '''Uso'''; — Affection; s.&lt;br&gt;
Affectionate; — '''Di-uso'''; — Tendre, doux, affectueux; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Affirm; — '''Kwu'''; — Affirmer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Affirmation; — '''Okwukwu'''; — Affirmation; s.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category: Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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{{Rule}}
Adhere; — '''Zado'''; — Adhérer; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Adhesiveness; — '''Ife di-nyamanyamya'''; — Ténacité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Adieu; — '''Ndo, nodumma'''; — Adieu; interj.&lt;br&gt;
Adjourn; — '''Bura'''; — Ajourner; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Adjudge; — '''Ra-ene'''; — Adjuger; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Adjuration; — '''Igba iyi'''; — Adjuration; s.&lt;br&gt;
Adjust; — '''Dozi'''; — Ajuster; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Admirable; — '''Di-nkili'''; — Admirable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Admire; — '''Kili'''; — Admirer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Admit; — '''Kwelu'''; — Admettre; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Admix; — '''Gwo, gbe'''; — Mêler; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Admonish; — '''Du-odu'''; — Avertir; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Admonition; — '''Ndumodu, ido-nti'''; — Avertissement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ado; — '''Uzu, mgbaghali'''; — Peine; s.&lt;br&gt;
Adolescence; — '''Okolobya'''; — Adolescence; s.&lt;br&gt;
Adolescent; — '''Di-okolobya'''; — Adolescent-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Adopt; — '''Nolu; gunye na nwa'''; — Adopter; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Adoption; — '''Igunye na nwa'''; — Adoption; s.&lt;br&gt;
Adorable; — '''Di-nsekpulu, tolu-nsekpulu'''; — Adorable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Adore; — '''Sekpulu'''; — Adorer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Adoration; — '''Nsekpulu'''; — Adoration; s.&lt;br&gt;
Adorn; — '''Dokwa, comma, ke, djikwa'''; — Orner; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Adornment; — '''Go mma, ekeke'''; — Ornementation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Adulation; — '''Nlila'''; — Adulation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Adult; — '''Okenye'''; — Adulte; s. adj.&lt;br&gt;
Adultery; — '''Iyi, oyi'''; — Adultère; s.&lt;br&gt;
Advance; — '''Ga, ga n’iru'''; — S’avancer; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Advent; — '''Obibya'''; — Avènement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Adversary; — '''Onye-ilo, di-oke'''; — Adversaire; s.&lt;br&gt;
Advert; — '''Do-iru, ce-iru'''; — Remarquer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Advertence; — '''Ice-iru'''; — Advertance; s.&lt;br&gt;
Advice; — '''Ndumodu'''; — Avis; s.&lt;br&gt;
Advisable; — '''Di-nduodu'''; — Convenable, à propos; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Advise; — '''Du-odu'''; — Avertir; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Advisement; — '''Nndumodu'''; — Délibération; s.&lt;br&gt;
Afar; — '''Noteaka'''; — Loin; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Affection; — '''Uso'''; — Affection; s.&lt;br&gt;
Affectionate; — '''Di-uso'''; — Tendre, doux, affectueux; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Affirm; — '''Kwu'''; — Affirmer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Affirmation; — '''Okwukwu'''; — Affirmation; s.&lt;br&gt;
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    <title>သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၵွင်းမူး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈပႃး ၼႂ်းတၢင်းလီ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢႃႇသေႃးၵ</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>1333027</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-03T12:36:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sai Myo Thura Kyaw</username>
        <id>946522</id>
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| title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး
| author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ်
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ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝႃႈ ၵွင်းမူးၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈပႃး ၼႂ်းတၢင်းလီ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းဢသေႃးၵ၊ ဢၼ်ၵူၼ်းႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇမၼ်း မႃးၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဝႆႉၼႆႉ လႆႈႁၼ်မီးလႆၢလၢႆတီႈဝႆႉၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၼႂ်းၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇလႆႈႁူႉႁၼ် မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ၵွင်းမူးထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ မုထေႃး ဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ဝဵင်းသီႇပေႃႉ၊&lt;ref&gt;Sai Kham Mong, ''Buddhism and Shan'', p.28. ''History of Mutho Stupa'' (in Burmese), by the Department of Religious Affair, Kaba Aye, Yangon, Myanmar, Pp.5-9.&lt;/ref&gt; ထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ မူၺ်ႇတေႃႇမိူင်းၵိုင်၊ ထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ မူၺ်ႇတေႃႇၵၢတ်ႇၵူႇ ထုင်ႉပူင်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းမၼ်းဝႃး ပဵၼ်ၵွင်းမူး ၸုမ်းပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ (Asoka's Missionaries) မႃးႁဵတ်းတၢၼ်းဝႆႉမူတ်းမူတ်း ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Encyclopedia'' (in Myanmar), Vol-1. Shan Nationality, p. 305. Sukhaminda (Ashin) ''The Believing and Tradition of Tai People'', p.300.&lt;/ref&gt;

လွင်ႈဝႃႈ မူၺ်ႇတေႃႇၵၢတ်ႇၵူႇ ထုင်ႉပူင်း ၶဝ်ႈပႃးၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း တၢင်းလီ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈပိုၼ်း ၸယတိလေႇၵေႇ ရူဝ်းႁၢၼ်ႇ၊ ၵူၼ်းမိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇၵေႃႈ ယင်းတႅမ်ႈ ဢွၵ်ႇ ၼႂ်းၶၢဝ်ႇၵူႈဝၼ်း မိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇ ပီ 2005 ၼၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ။&lt;ref&gt;Jayatileke Rohan 1, ''Assembleage of Pagodas Kekku, Myanmar'', Sri Lanka Journal News of August 14, 2005. Vol.89. No.202, p.30.&lt;/ref&gt;   ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ႁဵတ်းမႃးၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မိူဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇပုၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ဝၢႆးသေ ပၢင်သင်ႇၵႃႇယၼႃႇ ၵမ်းပွၵ်ႈသၢမ်ယဝ်ႉ ယိူင်းၸူးထမ်ႇမၵ်ႉၶၼ်ႇထႃႇ 84000 သေ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းဢသေႃးၵ ႁဵတ်းလူႇဝတ်ႉဝႃး၊ ၼမ်ႉဝေႃႇ၊ ၵွင်းမူးၼိုင်ႈ မဵဝ်း 84000 လၢႆလၢႆယဝ်ႉ။ 

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[[Category:တႆး]]</text>
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| title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး
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ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝႃႈ ၵွင်းမူးၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈပႃး ၼႂ်းတၢင်းလီ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းဢသေႃးၵ၊ ဢၼ်ၵူၼ်းႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇမၼ်း မႃးၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဝႆႉၼႆႉ လႆႈႁၼ်မီးလႆၢလၢႆတီႈဝႆႉၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၼႂ်းၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇလႆႈႁူႉႁၼ် မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ၵွင်းမူးထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ မုထေႃး ဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ဝဵင်းသီႇပေႃႉ၊&lt;ref&gt;Sai Kham Mong, ''Buddhism and Shan'', p.28. ''History of Mutho Stupa'' (in Burmese), by the Department of Religious Affair, Kaba Aye, Yangon, Myanmar, Pp.5-9.&lt;/ref&gt; ထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ မူၺ်ႇတေႃႇမိူင်းၵိုင်၊ ထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ မူၺ်ႇတေႃႇၵၢတ်ႇၵူႇ ထုင်ႉပူင်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းမၼ်းဝႃး ပဵၼ်ၵွင်းမူး ၸုမ်းပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ (Asoka's Missionaries) မႃးႁဵတ်းတၢၼ်းဝႆႉမူတ်းမူတ်း ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Encyclopedia'' (in Myanmar), Vol-1. Shan Nationality, p. 305. Sukhaminda (Ashin) ''The Believing and Tradition of Tai People'', p.300.&lt;/ref&gt;

လွင်ႈဝႃႈ မူၺ်ႇတေႃႇၵၢတ်ႇၵူႇ ထုင်ႉပူင်း ၶဝ်ႈပႃးၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း တၢင်းလီ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈပိုၼ်း ၸယတိလေႇၵေႇ ရူဝ်းႁၢၼ်ႇ၊ ၵူၼ်းမိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇၵေႃႈ ယင်းတႅမ်ႈ ဢွၵ်ႇ ၼႂ်းၶၢဝ်ႇၵူႈဝၼ်း မိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇ ပီ 2005 ၼၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ။&lt;ref&gt;Jayatileke Rohan 1, ''Assembleage of Pagodas Kekku, Myanmar'', Sri Lanka Journal News of August 14, 2005. Vol.89. No.202, p.30.&lt;/ref&gt;   ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ႁဵတ်းမႃးၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မိူဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇပုၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ဝၢႆးသေ ပၢင်သင်ႇၵႃႇယၼႃႇ ၵမ်းပွၵ်ႈသၢမ်ယဝ်ႉ ယိူင်းၸူးထမ်ႇမၵ်ႉၶၼ်ႇထႃႇ 84000 သေ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းဢသေႃးၵ ႁဵတ်းလူႇဝတ်ႉဝႃး၊ ၼမ်ႉဝေႃႇ၊ ၵွင်းမူးၼိုင်ႈ မဵဝ်း 84000 လၢႆလၢႆယဝ်ႉ။ 

လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ဢၼ်လႆႈႁၼ်မီးမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉၼႆႉ ယင်းမီးထႅင်ႈ မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇၵွင်းမူး ဝွၼ်သူမ်ႈ မၢၼ်ႈပဵင်းၶျိတ်ႉ၊ ၵွင်းမူးတေႃးပႃႇတ၊ ၵွင်းမူးလွႆငိုၼ်း၊ တင်းသၢမ်ၼေႃႇ ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်းမိူင်းယၢင်းလႅင် လွႆၵေႃႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၼႃး မႃးၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဝႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ မိူဝ်ႈ 832 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Naw Kham La, ''Rediscovery of Tai Buddhism'', Ceylon Journey Book, No.7. 2007.&lt;/ref&gt;

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ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝႃႈ ၵွင်းမူးၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈပႃး ၼႂ်းတၢင်းလီ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းဢသေႃးၵ၊ ဢၼ်ၵူၼ်းႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇမၼ်း မႃးၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဝႆႉၼႆႉ လႆႈႁၼ်မီးလႆၢလၢႆတီႈဝႆႉၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၼႂ်းၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇလႆႈႁူႉႁၼ် မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ၵွင်းမူးထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ မုထေႃး ဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ဝဵင်းသီႇပေႃႉ၊&lt;ref&gt;Sai Kham Mong, ''Buddhism and Shan'', p.28. ''History of Mutho Stupa'' (in Burmese), by the Department of Religious Affair, Kaba Aye, Yangon, Myanmar, Pp.5-9.&lt;/ref&gt; ထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ မူၺ်ႇတေႃႇမိူင်းၵိုင်၊ ထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ မူၺ်ႇတေႃႇၵၢတ်ႇၵူႇ ထုင်ႉပူင်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းမၼ်းဝႃး ပဵၼ်ၵွင်းမူး ၸုမ်းပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ (Asoka's Missionaries) မႃးႁဵတ်းတၢၼ်းဝႆႉမူတ်းမူတ်း ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Encyclopedia'' (in Myanmar), Vol-1. Shan Nationality, p. 305. Sukhaminda (Ashin) ''The Believing and Tradition of Tai People'', p.300.&lt;/ref&gt;

လွင်ႈဝႃႈ မူၺ်ႇတေႃႇၵၢတ်ႇၵူႇ ထုင်ႉပူင်း ၶဝ်ႈပႃးၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း တၢင်းလီ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈပိုၼ်း ၸယတိလေႇၵေႇ ရူဝ်းႁၢၼ်ႇ၊ ၵူၼ်းမိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇၵေႃႈ ယင်းတႅမ်ႈ ဢွၵ်ႇ ၼႂ်းၶၢဝ်ႇၵူႈဝၼ်း မိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇ ပီ 2005 ၼၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ။&lt;ref&gt;Jayatileke Rohan 1, ''Assembleage of Pagodas Kekku, Myanmar'', Sri Lanka Journal News of August 14, 2005. Vol.89. No.202, p.30.&lt;/ref&gt;   ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ႁဵတ်းမႃးၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မိူဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇပုၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ဝၢႆးသေ ပၢင်သင်ႇၵႃႇယၼႃႇ ၵမ်းပွၵ်ႈသၢမ်ယဝ်ႉ ယိူင်းၸူးထမ်ႇမၵ်ႉၶၼ်ႇထႃႇ 84000 သေ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းဢသေႃးၵ ႁဵတ်းလူႇဝတ်ႉဝႃး၊ ၼမ်ႉဝေႃႇ၊ ၵွင်းမူးၼိုင်ႈ မဵဝ်း 84000 လၢႆလၢႆယဝ်ႉ။ 

လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ဢၼ်လႆႈႁၼ်မီးမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉၼႆႉ ယင်းမီးထႅင်ႈ မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇၵွင်းမူး ဝွၼ်သူမ်ႈ (မၢၼ်ႈ-ပဵင်းၶျိတ်ႉ)၊ ၵွင်းမူးတေႃးပႃႇတ၊ ၵွင်းမူးလွႆငိုၼ်း၊ တင်းသၢမ်ၼေႃႇ ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်းမိူင်းယၢင်းလႅင် လွႆၵေႃႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၼႃး မႃးၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဝႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ မိူဝ်ႈ 832 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Naw Kham La, ''Rediscovery of Tai Buddhism'', Ceylon Journey Book, No.7. 2007.&lt;/ref&gt;

လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ၵွင်းမူးၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်းတႃႈလီ သၢမ်ၼေႃႇ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူင်းၶေႇ မိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ် ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၵွင်းမူး ၸၼ်းတႃသီ (San Ta Si)၊ ၵွင်းမူး ၸၼ်းတႃၸူႈ (San T'a T'zu) ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ် ၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဝႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ဢေႇၻီႇ 813 ပုၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''The Tai and The Tai Kingdom'', pp.79-83.&lt;/ref&gt;

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ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝႃႈ ၵွင်းမူးၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈပႃး ၼႂ်းတၢင်းလီ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းဢသေႃးၵ၊ ဢၼ်ၵူၼ်းႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇမၼ်း မႃးၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဝႆႉၼႆႉ လႆႈႁၼ်မီးလႆၢလၢႆတီႈဝႆႉၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၼႂ်းၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇလႆႈႁူႉႁၼ် မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ၵွင်းမူးထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ မုထေႃး ဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ဝဵင်းသီႇပေႃႉ၊&lt;ref&gt;Sai Kham Mong, ''Buddhism and Shan'', p.28. ''History of Mutho Stupa'' (in Burmese), by the Department of Religious Affair, Kaba Aye, Yangon, Myanmar, Pp.5-9.&lt;/ref&gt; ထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ မူၺ်ႇတေႃႇမိူင်းၵိုင်၊ ထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ မူၺ်ႇတေႃႇၵၢတ်ႇၵူႇ ထုင်ႉပူင်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းမၼ်းဝႃး ပဵၼ်ၵွင်းမူး ၸုမ်းပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ (Asoka's Missionaries) မႃးႁဵတ်းတၢၼ်းဝႆႉမူတ်းမူတ်း ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Encyclopedia'' (in Myanmar), Vol-1. Shan Nationality, p. 305. Sukhaminda (Ashin) ''The Believing and Tradition of Tai People'', p.300.&lt;/ref&gt;

လွင်ႈဝႃႈ မူၺ်ႇတေႃႇၵၢတ်ႇၵူႇ ထုင်ႉပူင်း ၶဝ်ႈပႃးၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း တၢင်းလီ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈပိုၼ်း ၸယတိလေႇၵေႇ ရူဝ်းႁၢၼ်ႇ၊ ၵူၼ်းမိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇၵေႃႈ ယင်းတႅမ်ႈ ဢွၵ်ႇ ၼႂ်းၶၢဝ်ႇၵူႈဝၼ်း မိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇ ပီ 2005 ၼၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ။&lt;ref&gt;Jayatileke Rohan 1, ''Assembleage of Pagodas Kekku, Myanmar'', Sri Lanka Journal News of August 14, 2005. Vol.89. No.202, p.30.&lt;/ref&gt;   ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ႁဵတ်းမႃးၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မိူဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇပုၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ဝၢႆးသေ ပၢင်သင်ႇၵႃႇယၼႃႇ ၵမ်းပွၵ်ႈသၢမ်ယဝ်ႉ ယိူင်းၸူးထမ်ႇမၵ်ႉၶၼ်ႇထႃႇ 84000 သေ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းဢသေႃးၵ ႁဵတ်းလူႇဝတ်ႉဝႃး၊ ၼမ်ႉဝေႃႇ၊ ၵွင်းမူးၼိုင်ႈ မဵဝ်း 84000 လၢႆလၢႆယဝ်ႉ။ 

လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ဢၼ်လႆႈႁၼ်မီးမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉၼႆႉ ယင်းမီးထႅင်ႈ မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇၵွင်းမူး ဝွၼ်သူမ်ႈ (မၢၼ်ႈ-ပဵင်းၶျိတ်ႉ)၊ ၵွင်းမူးတေႃးပႃႇတ၊ ၵွင်းမူးလွႆငိုၼ်း၊ တင်းသၢမ်ၼေႃႇ ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်းမိူင်းယၢင်းလႅင် လွႆၵေႃႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၼႃး မႃးၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဝႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ မိူဝ်ႈ 832 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Naw Kham La, ''Rediscovery of Tai Buddhism'', Ceylon Journey Book, No.7. 2007.&lt;/ref&gt;

လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ၵွင်းမူးၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်းတႃႈလီ သၢမ်ၼေႃႇ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူင်းၶေႇ မိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ် ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၵွင်းမူး ၸၼ်းတႃသီ (San Ta Si)၊ ၵွင်းမူး ၸၼ်းတႃၸူႈ (San T'a T'zu) ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ် ၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဝႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ဢေႇၻီႇ 813 ပုၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''The Tai and The Tai Kingdom'', pp.79-83.&lt;/ref&gt;

ပေႃးၸွမ်းဢဝ် ပိုၼ်းႁူႉပတေႇသႃႇ သွႆႉ-1၊ ပေႃႉမိူဝ်ႈပီ 1986 ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇ ၼၼ်ႇတထၸ၊ ဝတ်ႉၼွင်ၶမ်းလူင်၊ မေႇမျဵဝ်ႇ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ပိုၼ်းၵွင်းမူး ၸၢမ်ၵဝ်ႈတွၼ်ႈ (ၽွင်ႇတေႃႇဢူး) ဢၼ်မီး ၼႂ်းၼွင်ႁႆၢးယႃႈ (ဢိၼ်းလေး) ယွင်ႈႁူၺ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၸိုင် ၽူႈၵေႃႇ သၢင်ႈမၼ်း ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ဢွင်ႇမၢင်းၸိင်း၊ ၵဵင်းမႆႇ၊ မိူင်းထႆး မႃးၵေႃႇ သၢင်ႈဝႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈ 1234 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းမၢၼ်ႈ ဢၼ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ဢူးသေႃးၽိတတႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ပိုၼ်းၽြႃး ၽွင်ႇတေႃႇဢူးၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၵွင်းမူးၼႆႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၼရပတိၸီႇတူႇ မိူင်းပၵၢၼ်ႇ မႃးၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဝႆႉၼႆယူႇ။&lt;ref&gt;Naw Kham La, ''Rediscovery of Tai Buddhism'', Ceylon Journey Book, No.7. 2007.&lt;/ref&gt;

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[[Category:တႆး]]</text>
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| title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး
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ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝႃႈ ၵွင်းမူးၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈပႃး ၼႂ်းတၢင်းလီ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းဢသေႃးၵ၊ ဢၼ်ၵူၼ်းႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇမၼ်း မႃးၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဝႆႉၼႆႉ လႆႈႁၼ်မီးလႆၢလၢႆတီႈဝႆႉၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၼႂ်းၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇလႆႈႁူႉႁၼ် မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ၵွင်းမူးထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ မုထေႃး ဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ဝဵင်းသီႇပေႃႉ၊&lt;ref&gt;Sai Kham Mong, ''Buddhism and Shan'', p.28. ''History of Mutho Stupa'' (in Burmese), by the Department of Religious Affair, Kaba Aye, Yangon, Myanmar, Pp.5-9.&lt;/ref&gt; ထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ မူၺ်ႇတေႃႇမိူင်းၵိုင်၊ ထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ မူၺ်ႇတေႃႇၵၢတ်ႇၵူႇ ထုင်ႉပူင်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းမၼ်းဝႃး ပဵၼ်ၵွင်းမူး ၸုမ်းပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ (Asoka's Missionaries) မႃးႁဵတ်းတၢၼ်းဝႆႉမူတ်းမူတ်း ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Encyclopedia'' (in Myanmar), Vol-1. Shan Nationality, p. 305. Sukhaminda (Ashin) ''The Believing and Tradition of Tai People'', p.300.&lt;/ref&gt;

လွင်ႈဝႃႈ မူၺ်ႇတေႃႇၵၢတ်ႇၵူႇ ထုင်ႉပူင်း ၶဝ်ႈပႃးၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း တၢင်းလီ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈပိုၼ်း ၸယတိလေႇၵေႇ ရူဝ်းႁၢၼ်ႇ၊ ၵူၼ်းမိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇၵေႃႈ ယင်းတႅမ်ႈ ဢွၵ်ႇ ၼႂ်းၶၢဝ်ႇၵူႈဝၼ်း မိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇ ပီ 2005 ၼၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ။&lt;ref&gt;Jayatileke Rohan 1, ''Assembleage of Pagodas Kekku, Myanmar'', Sri Lanka Journal News of August 14, 2005. Vol.89. No.202, p.30.&lt;/ref&gt;   ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ႁဵတ်းမႃးၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မိူဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇပုၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ဝၢႆးသေ ပၢင်သင်ႇၵႃႇယၼႃႇ ၵမ်းပွၵ်ႈသၢမ်ယဝ်ႉ ယိူင်းၸူးထမ်ႇမၵ်ႉၶၼ်ႇထႃႇ 84000 သေ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းဢသေႃးၵ ႁဵတ်းလူႇဝတ်ႉဝႃး၊ ၼမ်ႉဝေႃႇ၊ ၵွင်းမူးၼိုင်ႈ မဵဝ်း 84000 လၢႆလၢႆယဝ်ႉ။ 

လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ဢၼ်လႆႈႁၼ်မီးမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉၼႆႉ ယင်းမီးထႅင်ႈ မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇၵွင်းမူး ဝွၼ်သူမ်ႈ (မၢၼ်ႈ-ပဵင်းၶျိတ်ႉ)၊ ၵွင်းမူးတေႃးပႃႇတ၊ ၵွင်းမူးလွႆငိုၼ်း၊ တင်းသၢမ်ၼေႃႇ ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်းမိူင်းယၢင်းလႅင် လွႆၵေႃႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၼႃး မႃးၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဝႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ မိူဝ်ႈ 832 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Naw Kham La, ''Rediscovery of Tai Buddhism'', Ceylon Journey Book, No.7. 2007.&lt;/ref&gt;

လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ၵွင်းမူးၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်းတႃႈလီ သၢမ်ၼေႃႇ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူင်းၶေႇ မိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ် ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၵွင်းမူး ၸၼ်းတႃသီ (San Ta Si)၊ ၵွင်းမူး ၸၼ်းတႃၸူႈ (San T'a T'zu) ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ် ၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဝႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ဢေႇၻီႇ 813 ပုၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''The Tai and The Tai Kingdom'', pp.79-83.&lt;/ref&gt;

ပေႃးၸွမ်းဢဝ် ပိုၼ်းႁူႉပတေႇသႃႇ သွႆႉ-1၊ ပေႃႉမိူဝ်ႈပီ 1986 ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇ ၼၼ်ႇတထၸ၊ ဝတ်ႉၼွင်ၶမ်းလူင်၊ မေႇမျဵဝ်ႇ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ပိုၼ်းၵွင်းမူး ၸၢမ်ၵဝ်ႈတွၼ်ႈ (ၽွင်ႇတေႃႇဢူး) ဢၼ်မီး ၼႂ်းၼွင်ႁႆၢးယႃႈ (ဢိၼ်းလေး) ယွင်ႈႁူၺ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၸိုင် ၽူႈၵေႃႇ သၢင်ႈမၼ်း ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ဢွင်ႇမၢင်းၸိင်း၊ ၵဵင်းမႆႇ၊ မိူင်းထႆး မႃးၵေႃႇ သၢင်ႈဝႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈ 1234 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းမၢၼ်ႈ ဢၼ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ဢူးသေႃးၽိတတႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ပိုၼ်းၽြႃး ၽွင်ႇတေႃႇဢူးၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၵွင်းမူးၼႆႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၼရပတိၸီႇတူႇ မိူင်းပၵၢၼ်ႇ မႃးၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဝႆႉၼႆယူႇ။&lt;ref&gt;Naw Kham La, ''Rediscovery of Tai Buddhism'', Ceylon Journey Book, No.7. 2007.&lt;/ref&gt;

လိူင်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ၵိုင်ႇလီဢဝ် ပႆၢးဝူၼ်ႉလိုၵ်ႉၶိုၵ်ႉၶမ်ႇသေ ၶိုၼ်းထတ်းသၢင်ဢဝ်ၶိုၼ်းယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ၵွင်းမူးဢၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ မႃးဢွၼ်ၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈ ၼႂ်းယွင်ႁူၺ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ တိုၵ်ႉမီးတင်းၼမ် ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ်လႆၢးမိုဝ်း ဢၼ်ႁဵတ်းဝႆႉ ၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ လႅပ်ႈယူႇတႄႉ၊ ၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵွပ်ႈမၼ်းပဵၼ် လၢႆးမိုဝ်းတႆးဝႆႉၵူၺ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ 

လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ဝတ်ႉလူင် ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ ယႂၢၼ်ထွင်း (Yuantong) ဢၼ်မီးတီႈတိၼ်လွႆယႂၢၼ်ထွင်း ၽၢႆႇႁွင်ႇဝဵင်း လူင်ၵုၺ်ႇမိၼ်း၊ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၸဝ်ႈယီႈမုၼ်သုင်{{Note|1}} (Yimouxun) တင်ႈဝႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ် ပၢၵ်ႇ 8 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;http:www.travelchinaguide.com&lt;/ref&gt;   မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼင်ႇၼၼ် ၵွပ်ႈႁဝ်း ဢမ်ႇ မေႃတႅမ်ႈဝႆႉပိုၼ်းလႄႈ ဝၼ်းမိူဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ၸင်ႇလပ်းငုမ်းလပ်း ငမ်းဝႆႉ။ 

==မၢႆတွင်း==
#{{Ref|1}}ႁွင်ႉၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉ ပိုၼ်ႉမိူင်းတႆး လႄႈ ပိုၼ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆး၊ ၼႃႈ 2526။

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[[Category:တႆး]]</text>
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| title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး
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ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝႃႈ ၵွင်းမူးၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈပႃး ၼႂ်းတၢင်းလီ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းဢသေႃးၵ၊ ဢၼ်ၵူၼ်းႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇမၼ်း မႃးၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဝႆႉၼႆႉ လႆႈႁၼ်မီးလႆၢလၢႆတီႈဝႆႉၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၼႂ်းၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇလႆႈႁူႉႁၼ် မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ၵွင်းမူးထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ မုထေႃး ဢၼ်မီးတီႈ ဝဵင်းသီႇပေႃႉ၊&lt;ref&gt;Sai Kham Mong, ''Buddhism and Shan'', p.28. ''History of Mutho Stupa'' (in Burmese), by the Department of Religious Affair, Kaba Aye, Yangon, Myanmar, Pp.5-9.&lt;/ref&gt; ထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ မူၺ်ႇတေႃႇမိူင်းၵိုင်၊ ထၢတ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ မူၺ်ႇတေႃႇၵၢတ်ႇၵူႇ ထုင်ႉပူင်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းမၼ်းဝႃး ပဵၼ်ၵွင်းမူး ၸုမ်းပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ (Asoka's Missionaries) မႃးႁဵတ်းတၢၼ်းဝႆႉမူတ်းမူတ်း ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Encyclopedia'' (in Myanmar), Vol-1. Shan Nationality, p. 305. Sukhaminda (Ashin) ''The Believing and Tradition of Tai People'', p.300.&lt;/ref&gt;

လွင်ႈဝႃႈ မူၺ်ႇတေႃႇၵၢတ်ႇၵူႇ ထုင်ႉပူင်း ၶဝ်ႈပႃးၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း တၢင်းလီ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈပိုၼ်း ၸယတိလေႇၵေႇ ရူဝ်းႁၢၼ်ႇ၊ ၵူၼ်းမိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇၵေႃႈ ယင်းတႅမ်ႈ ဢွၵ်ႇ ၼႂ်းၶၢဝ်ႇၵူႈဝၼ်း မိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇ ပီ 2005 ၼၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ။&lt;ref&gt;Jayatileke Rohan 1, ''Assembleage of Pagodas Kekku, Myanmar'', Sri Lanka Journal News of August 14, 2005. Vol.89. No.202, p.30.&lt;/ref&gt;   ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ႁဵတ်းမႃးၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မိူဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇပုၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ဝၢႆးသေ ပၢင်သင်ႇၵႃႇယၼႃႇ ၵမ်းပွၵ်ႈသၢမ်ယဝ်ႉ ယိူင်းၸူးထမ်ႇမၵ်ႉၶၼ်ႇထႃႇ 84000 သေ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းဢသေႃးၵ ႁဵတ်းလူႇဝတ်ႉဝႃး၊ ၼမ်ႉဝေႃႇ၊ ၵွင်းမူးၼိုင်ႈ မဵဝ်း 84000 လၢႆလၢႆယဝ်ႉ။ 

လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ဢၼ်လႆႈႁၼ်မီးမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉၼႆႉ ယင်းမီးထႅင်ႈ မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇၵွင်းမူး ဝွၼ်သူမ်ႈ (မၢၼ်ႈ-ပဵင်းၶျိတ်ႉ)၊ ၵွင်းမူးတေႃးပႃႇတ၊ ၵွင်းမူးလွႆငိုၼ်း၊ တင်းသၢမ်ၼေႃႇ ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်းမိူင်းယၢင်းလႅင် လွႆၵေႃႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၼႃး မႃးၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဝႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ မိူဝ်ႈ 832 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;Naw Kham La, ''Rediscovery of Tai Buddhism'', Ceylon Journey Book, No.7. 2007.&lt;/ref&gt;

လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ၵွင်းမူးၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်းတႃႈလီ သၢမ်ၼေႃႇ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူင်းၶေႇ မိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ် ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၵွင်းမူး ၸၼ်းတႃသီ (San Ta Si)၊ ၵွင်းမူး ၸၼ်းတႃၸူႈ (San T'a T'zu) ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ် ၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဝႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ဢေႇၻီႇ 813 ပုၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''The Tai and The Tai Kingdom'', pp.79-83.&lt;/ref&gt;

ပေႃးၸွမ်းဢဝ် ပိုၼ်းႁူႉပတေႇသႃႇ သွႆႉ-1၊ ပေႃႉမိူဝ်ႈပီ 1986 ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇ ၼၼ်ႇတထၸ၊ ဝတ်ႉၼွင်ၶမ်းလူင်၊ မေႇမျဵဝ်ႇ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ပိုၼ်းၵွင်းမူး ၸၢမ်ၵဝ်ႈတွၼ်ႈ (ၽွင်ႇတေႃႇဢူး) ဢၼ်မီး ၼႂ်းၼွင်ႁႆၢးယႃႈ (ဢိၼ်းလေး) ယွင်ႈႁူၺ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၸိုင် ၽူႈၵေႃႇ သၢင်ႈမၼ်း ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ဢွင်ႇမၢင်းၸိင်း၊ ၵဵင်းမႆႇ၊ မိူင်းထႆး မႃးၵေႃႇ သၢင်ႈဝႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈ 1234 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းမၢၼ်ႈ ဢၼ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ဢူးသေႃးၽိတတႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ပိုၼ်းၽြႃး ၽွင်ႇတေႃႇဢူးၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၵွင်းမူးၼႆႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၼရပတိၸီႇတူႇ မိူင်းပၵၢၼ်ႇ မႃးၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈဝႆႉၼႆယူႇ။&lt;ref&gt;Naw Kham La, ''Rediscovery of Tai Buddhism'', Ceylon Journey Book, No.7. 2007.&lt;/ref&gt;

လိူင်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ၵိုင်ႇလီဢဝ် ပႆၢးဝူၼ်ႉလိုၵ်ႉၶိုၵ်ႉၶမ်ႇသေ ၶိုၼ်းထတ်းသၢင်ဢဝ်ၶိုၼ်းယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ၵွင်းမူးဢၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ မႃးဢွၼ်ၵေႃႇသၢင်ႈ ၼႂ်းယွင်ႁူၺ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ တိုၵ်ႉမီးတင်းၼမ် ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ်လႆၢးမိုဝ်း ဢၼ်ႁဵတ်းဝႆႉ ၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ လႅပ်ႈယူႇတႄႉ၊ ၵွင်းမူးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵွပ်ႈမၼ်းပဵၼ် လၢႆးမိုဝ်းတႆးဝႆႉၵူၺ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ 

လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ဝတ်ႉလူင် ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ ယႂၢၼ်ထွင်း (Yuantong) ဢၼ်မီးတီႈတိၼ်လွႆယႂၢၼ်ထွင်း ၽၢႆႇႁွင်ႇဝဵင်း လူင်ၵုၺ်ႇမိၼ်း၊ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၸဝ်ႈယီႈမုၼ်သုင်{{Note|1}} (Yimouxun) တင်ႈဝႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ် ပၢၵ်ႇ 8 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;http:www.travelchinaguide.com&lt;/ref&gt;   မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼင်ႇၼၼ် ၵွပ်ႈႁဝ်း ဢမ်ႇ မေႃတႅမ်ႈဝႆႉပိုၼ်းလႄႈ ဝၼ်းမိူဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ၸင်ႇလပ်းငုမ်းလပ်း ငမ်းဝႆႉ။ 

လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ် ၵွင်းမူးဢၼ်ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ႈပႃးၼႂ်းတၢင်းလီ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ ဢၼ်မၼ်းတၢၼ်း ၵွင်းမူး 84,000 ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;မြန်မာ.စွယ်စုံကျမ်း၊ အတွဲ ၁၊ ရှမ်းလူမျိုး၊ နှာ ၃ဝ၅။ ရှမ်းတိုင်းရင်းသားများ၏ ယုံကြည်ကိုးကွယ်မှုနှင်. ဓလေ့ထုံးစံများ၊ အရှင်သုခမိန္ဒ။ နှာ ၃ဝဝ။&lt;ref&gt;

==မၢႆတွင်း==
#{{Ref|1}}ႁွင်ႉၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉ ပိုၼ်ႉမိူင်းတႆး လႄႈ ပိုၼ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆး၊ ၼႃႈ 2526။

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Affix; — '''Tinye'''; — Annexer; v. a. &lt;br&gt;
Afflict; — '''Sogbu'''; — Affliger; v. a. &lt;br&gt;
Affliction; — '''Nsogbu, afulu, inye afufu'''; — Affliction; s. &lt;br&gt;
Afflictive; — '''Di-nsogbu'''; — Affligeant,-e; adj. &lt;br&gt;
Afflux; — '''Nrunye'''; — Affluence; s. &lt;br&gt;
Affright; — '''Dji-egwu'''; — Effrayer; v. a. &lt;br&gt;
Affront; — '''Meya'''; — Outrager; v. a. &lt;br&gt;
Afield; — '''N'ofya, n'ozala'''; — Champêtre; adj. &lt;br&gt;
Afoot; — '''N'ukwu'''; — Pedestrement; adv. &lt;br&gt;
Afore; — '''Gbo'''; — Devant, en avant; prep. adv. &lt;br&gt;
Aforetime; — '''Ekpogbo'''; — En premier lieu; &lt;br&gt;
Afraid; — '''Di-egwu, di-ndjo'''; — Effrayé-e; adj. &lt;br&gt;
Aft; — '''Ekwum'''; — A l'arrière; adv. &lt;br&gt;
After; — '''Ikpe-azu'''; — Après; prep. &lt;br&gt;
After ages; — '''Ndugandu'''; — Avenir; s. &lt;br&gt;
Afterward; — '''Emesia, n'ikpeazu'''; — Ensuite; adv. &lt;br&gt;
Again; — '''Ozo, azis'''; — Encore; adv. &lt;br&gt;
Against; — '''Kwasi, megide'''; — Contre; prep. &lt;br&gt;
Age; — '''Nkah, okene'''; — Siècle, ages; s. &lt;br&gt;
Agglomerate; — '''Kpukoka'''; — Agglomerer; v. a. &lt;br&gt;
Aggrandize; — '''Buni'''; — Agrandir; v. a. &lt;br&gt;
Agile; — '''Di-ukele, di-ngwa'''; — Agile; adj. &lt;br&gt;
Agility; — '''Idi-ukele, idi-ngwa'''; — Agilité; s. &lt;br&gt;
Agitation; — '''Nmarube'''; — Agitation; s. &lt;br&gt;
Agitator; — '''Onye-sogbu'''; — Perturbateur; s. &lt;br&gt;
Agnate; — '''Di-na-nma'''; — Parent; s. &lt;br&gt;
Agoing; — '''Nodjedje'''; — En mouvement; adv. &lt;br&gt;
Agone; — '''Galauga'''; — Passé, (long); adj. &lt;br&gt;
Agonize; — '''Ghe-aru'''; — Torturer; v. a. &lt;br&gt;
Agony; — '''Aru-ogbegbe'''; — Agonie; s. &lt;br&gt;
Agree; — '''Kwe, di nofu'''; — Agréer, s'accorder; v. a. &lt;br&gt;
Agreeable; — '''Di-okwekwe, di-nkwenye'''; — Agréable; adj. &lt;br&gt;
Agreeably; — '''N'okwekwe, na nkwenye'''; — Agréablement; adv. &lt;br&gt;
Agreement; — '''Okwekwe, agba, uso'''; — Agrément; s. &lt;br&gt;
Agricultural; — '''Ife-ugbo'''; — Champêtre; adj. &lt;br&gt;
Agriculture; — '''Olu-ugbo'''; — Agriculture; s. &lt;br&gt;
Aground; — '''N'ani, di-n'ani'''; — Echoué, à terre; adj. &lt;br&gt;
Ague; — '''Aru-oku, akapato'''; — Fièvre; s. &lt;br&gt;
Aguish; — '''Di-aru-oku'''; — Fébrile; adj. &lt;br&gt;
Ah! — '''Ewo! tawo! Ahe!'''; — Ah!; interj. &lt;br&gt;
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Allow; — '''Kwe'''; — Allouer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Allowable; — '''Di-okwekwè'''; — Allouable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Allowableness; — '''Idi-okwekwè'''; — Légitimité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Allure; — '''La'''; — Amorcer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Allurement; — '''Ula, olala'''; — Attrait, amorce; s.&lt;br&gt;
Allurer; — '''Olakola'''; — Séducteur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Alluring; — '''Olala'''; — Attrayant, séduisant; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Alluvial; — '''Dik’agwe, di-agwe'''; — Alluvial; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Alluvion; — '''Agwe'''; — Alluvion; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ally; — '''Mako, fiko'''; — S’allier; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Allmighty; — '''Dji-ike-nine'''; — Tout-puissant; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Almost; — '''Nwase, ntuma'''; — Presque; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Aloft; — '''Enu, n’enu'''; — En-haut; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Alone; — '''So, soso, sese'''; — Seul; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Along; — '''Ogonogo, n’ogonogo'''; — Le long de; prep.&lt;br&gt;
Aloof; — '''Efem, not’aka'''; — Loin, à distance; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Aloud; — '''Silike'''; — Haut, à haute voix; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Already; — '''Kodinwo, kita'''; — Déjà; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Also; — '''azi'''; — Aussi, en outre; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Alter; — '''Gha, gbagha, nwogha'''; — S’altérer; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Alterable; — '''Dinigbagha'''; — Changeant; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Alterant; — '''Oghafie''' ; — Qui altère; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Alteration; — '''Ugha''' ; — Altération; s.&lt;br&gt;
Altercate; — '''Konu''' ; — Se disputer; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Altercation; — '''Akomonu, esemoku''' ; — Dispute, palabre; s.&lt;br&gt;
Although; — '''Obuna, obunadu, obueziena''' ; — Quoique; conj.&lt;br&gt;
Altitude; — '''Enu''' ; — Altitude; s.&lt;br&gt;
Altogether; — '''N’ea, nine, nofu''' ; — Tout-à-fait; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Alvine; — '''Afo''' ; — Alevin; s.&lt;br&gt;
Always; — '''Mgbèna, ekponine''' ; — Toujours; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Amass; — '''Kpokoba, lukpobe''' ; — Amasser; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Amassment; — '''Obo, ikpo''' ; — Amas, tas; s.&lt;br&gt;
Amaze; — '''Fi, gbaghali''' ; — Surprendre; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Amazement; — '''Igbaghali''' ; — Surprise; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ambassador; — '''Luko, Odibo, onye-uko''' ; — Ambassadeur, envoyé; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ambition; — '''Oke-obi''' ; — Ambition; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ambitious; — '''Di-oke-obi''' ; — Ambitieux; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Ambuscade; — '''Ebe-uce''' ; — Embuscade; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ambush; — '''Uce, ebe-uce''' ; — Embûches, piège; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ambushment; — '''Uce''' ; — Embuscade; s.&lt;br&gt;
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Ameliorate; — '''Mezi, dozi;''' — S'améliorer; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Amelioration; — '''Nmezi, ndozi;''' — Amélioration; s.&lt;br&gt;
Amen; — '''Emin, Ndje;''' — Amen, ainsi-soit-il; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Amend; — '''Dokwa, Mekwe;''' — Amender; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Amende; — '''Nmari, nmezi, ndozi;''' — Amendement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Amends; — '''Nmekwa, ndoci;''' — Dédommagement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Amiable; — '''Kwesi-ifunanya;''' — Aimable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Amiableness; — '''Ikwesi-ifunanya;''' — Amabilité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Amicably; — '''N'udo;''' — Amicalement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Amid; — '''Netiti, nime;''' — Au milieu; prép.&lt;br&gt;
Amiss; — '''Ufye;''' — Mal à propos; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Amity; — '''Oyi, ukpa, odimma;''' — Amitié; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ammunition; — '''Ife-ogiu ife-agha;''' — Munitions; s.&lt;br&gt;
Among; — '''Nime, netiti;''' — Parmi, entre; prép.&lt;br&gt;
Amount; — '''Onu, onuagu, ligo;''' — Total, montant; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ample; — '''Imelime, nukwu;''' — Ample, grand; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Amplification; — '''Ntunin, nbuni;''' — Agrandissement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Amplifier; — '''Onye ntunin;''' — Amplificateur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Amplify; — '''Luni, bunii;''' — Amplifier, grossir; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Amplitude; — '''Nukwu, ukwu;''' — Abondance; s.&lt;br&gt;
Amply; — '''Imelime, inyelikiti;''' — Amplement, largement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Amulet; — '''Igba;''' — Amulette, bracelet; s.&lt;br&gt;
Amuse; — '''Kpaamu, gwuegwu;''' — S'amuser; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Amusement; — '''Ikpaamu, igwuegwu;''' — Amusement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Anathema; — '''Ibuonu, Abumonu;''' — Anathème, malédiction; s.&lt;br&gt;
Anathematize; — '''Buonu;''' — Maudire; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Anatomy; — '''Obobo;''' — Squelette; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ancestor; — '''Nna-di-ukwu;''' — Ayeux, ancêtres; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ancestral; — '''Sitena, ndi-gbo;''' — Héréditaire; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Ancestry; — '''Nna-di-na-di;''' — Héréditairement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Anchor; — '''Arilika;''' — Ancre; s.&lt;br&gt;
Anchorage; — '''Otu, Iru-otu, Ebe-onyenye;''' — Mouillage, débarcadère; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ancient; — '''Gbo, onye;''' — Ancien; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Anciently; — '''Ekpo-gbo;''' — Anciennement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Ancients; — '''Ndigbo;''' — Anciens, ancêtres; s.&lt;br&gt;
And; — '''Na, Ma;''' — et; conj.&lt;br&gt;
Anecdote; — '''Akoko, akeko;''' — Histoire; anecdote; s.&lt;br&gt;
Anew; — '''Ofu;''' — À neuf, à nouveau; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Angel; — '''Momma;''' — Ange; s.&lt;br&gt;
Angelic; — '''Nke-Momma;''' — Angélique; adj.&lt;br&gt;
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  <page>
    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/18</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449302</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333040</id>
      <parentid>1332584</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:33:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>951142</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1333040</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2521" sha1="fkaujnf9my2yiwhj03g56k5iurar4af" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;Bigkotech&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{rh|11|Ang-Ano}}
{{Rule}}
Anger; — '''Iwe;''' — Colère; s.&lt;br&gt;
Angle; — '''Nkuku;''' — Angle, coin; s.&lt;br&gt;
Angler; — '''Onye-oku;''' — Harponneur, pêcheur à l'hameçon; s.&lt;br&gt;
Angry; — '''Di-iwe;''' — Fâché, colère; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Anguineal; — '''Agwo, nke-agwo;''' — Ophidien-ne; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Anguish; — '''Ufu;''' — Angoisse; s.&lt;br&gt;
Angular; — '''Di-nkuku;''' — Anguleux; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Animadvert; — '''Do-uc̣e, sikwu, ta uta;''' — Blâmer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Animal; — '''Anu, Anumanu;''' — Animal; s.&lt;br&gt;
Animalcule; — '''Anu nta, ifilifu anumanu;''' — Animalcule; s.&lt;br&gt;
Animate; — '''Nye ndu, me ife kpo oku, kute ndu;''' — Animer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Animating; — '''Na-enye ndu;''' — Qui donne la vie; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Animation; — '''Inye ndu, Enyem ndu, ikute ndu;''' — Action d'animer; s.&lt;br&gt;
Animosity; — '''Adojiwe, okeiwe;''' — Animosité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ankle; — '''Akpukwum, mkpili ukwu;''' — Cheville de pied; s.&lt;br&gt;
Annals; — '''Akoko-aro;''' — Annales; s.&lt;br&gt;
Annexation; — '''Nkpoko;''' — Annexation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Annex; — '''Kpoko;''' — Annexer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Annihilable; — '''Di-ninayi;''' — qui peut être annihilé; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Annihilate; — '''Na-ni'iyi, na nakiti;''' — Annihiler; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Annihilation; — '''Inaniyi;''' — Annihilation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Anniversary; — '''Aguguaro;''' — Anniversaire; s.&lt;br&gt;
Annotate; — '''Ka akala, ka akika, me arima;''' — Annoter; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Annotation; — '''Ika akala, ime arima;''' — Annotation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Announce; — '''Gwa, si, gwata, gwaputa, ma okwa;''' — Annoncer; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Announcement; — '''Ogwagwa, ngwata, ima okwa;''' — Avertissement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Annoy; — '''Kpasu iwe, Sogbu, kwubanoku;''' — Ennuyer; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Annoyance; — '''Ariri, Neogbu, Ikwubanoku;''' — Ennui; s.&lt;br&gt;
Annual; — '''Kwa aro, aro;''' — Annuel; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Annuity; — '''Ikwu ngwo aro;''' — Annuité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Annul; — '''Wupu, mebie;''' — Annuler; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Annular; — '''Dika-mbaka, di-okilikili;''' — Annulaire; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Annulet; — '''Mgbaka nta, obere mgbaka;''' — Agnelet; s.&lt;br&gt;
Annulment; — '''Monghe;''' — Annulation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Annumerate; — '''Guko;''' — Annumerer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Annumeration; — '''Nguko;''' — Annumeration; s.&lt;br&gt;
Annunciate; — '''Gwaputa;''' — Annoncer; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Annunciation; — '''Iko akoko, Ita atita Atita;''' — Annonciation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Anoint; — '''Te-ude, te-anu, no-ude;''' — Oindre; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Anointment; — '''Ite-ude, Otete-ude;''' — Onction; s.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category: Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/19</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449303</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333042</id>
      <parentid>1332585</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:34:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>951142</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1333042</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
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      <text bytes="2345" sha1="8vymlmn44op69vo6bqti50899w2s4vj" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;Bigkotech&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{rh|12|Ano - Apo}}
{{Rule}}
Anomaly; — '''Idjefye n'iwu, iputa n'iwu;''' — Anomalie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Anonymous; — '''Enwe afa;''' — Anonyme; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Another; — '''Ozo;''' — Autre; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Answer; — '''Za, za-oku;''' — Répondre; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Ant; — '''Agbuis, danda, elulu, ido;''' — Fourmi; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ant-hill; — '''Nkpu;''' — Fourmilière; s.&lt;br&gt;
Antagonize; — '''Me dide, Dju, Meta-onye-ilo;''' — S’opposer; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Antilope; — '''Oea, imolo;''' — Antilope; s.&lt;br&gt;
Anterior; — '''Nke-buuzo, Nke-buisi;''' — Antérieur; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Anthropophagy; — '''Olimadu;''' — Anthropophagie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Antichrist; — '''Onye-djulu-kristi;''' — Antechrist; s.&lt;br&gt;
Anticipate; — '''Webulu, gabulu;''' — Anticiper; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Anticipation; — '''Iwebulu, igabulu;''' — Anticipation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Antidote; — '''Mgbelu, Ulu;''' — Antidote; s.&lt;br&gt;
Antipathy; — '''Ikpo-asi;''' — Antipathie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Antipestilential; — '''Nke-mgbelu;''' — Antipestilentiel; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Antique; — '''Gbo, oeye;''' — Antique; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Antiquity; — '''Ekpogbo, Ubo sigbo;''' — Antiquité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Antitype; — '''Onye-nweonyinyo;''' — Antitype; s.&lt;br&gt;
Antler; — '''Ngadabandi;''' — Andouille; s.&lt;br&gt;
Anvil; — '''Osiami;''' — Enclume; s.&lt;br&gt;
Anxiety; — '''I-ce-ece, eceemue;''' — Anxiété; s.&lt;br&gt;
Anxious (to be); — '''ce-ece;''' — Être anxieux; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Anxious; — '''Di-ice-ece;''' — Anxieux; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Any one; — '''nke-obuna;''' — Quiconque; pron.&lt;br&gt;
Any thing; — '''ife-obuna;''' — Quelque chose; pron.&lt;br&gt;
Apace; — '''Ngwa-ngwa, oseso;''' — Vite; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Apart; — '''N’uso, iee;''' — À part; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Apartment; — '''N’zu-uno, Imuno;''' — Appartement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ape; — '''Ozo-dimba;''' — Singe; s.&lt;br&gt;
Aperient; — '''Ogwugba-afo;''' — Apéritif; s.&lt;br&gt;
Aperture; — '''Oghele;''' — Ouverture; s.&lt;br&gt;
Apologize; — '''Go-agogo;''' — Faire l’éloge; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Apology; — '''Agogo;''' — Apologie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Apoplexy; — '''Tamakwukwu;''' — Apoplexie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Apostasy; — '''Ndapu, nda egirha;''' — Apostasie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Apostate; — '''Onye-dagihalu;''' — Apostat; s.&lt;br&gt;
Apostatize; — '''Dapu, dagirha;''' — Apostasier; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Apostle; — '''Onye-ozi;''' — Apôtre; s.&lt;br&gt;
Apostle-ship; — '''Olu ndi-ozi;''' — Apostolat; s.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category:Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/20</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449305</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333043</id>
      <parentid>1332586</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:35:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>951142</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1333043</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2676" sha1="cb1k1n6ppikc5ohtd63d91yhg5wzxfo" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;Bigkotech&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{rh|App — Apt|13}} 
{{Rule}}                                                            
Appal; — '''Beku, dji egwu, tu egwu;''' — Pâlir d’effroi; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Apparel; — '''Afe, akwa, awo;''' — Vêtement, effets; s.&lt;br&gt;
Apparent; — '''Gbatu elu, selu enu;''' — Évident, apparent; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Apparition; — '''Mo;''' — Apparition, fantôme; s.&lt;br&gt;
Appeal; — '''Kpoku, kpotulu;''' — Appeler en témoignage; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Appear; — '''Puta ife;''' — Apparaître; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Appearance; — '''Iputa ife;''' — Apparence; s.&lt;br&gt;
Appeasable; — '''Di-ndokwa, di-ndokwata;''' — Conciliant; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Appease; — '''Dokwa, mari;''' — Apaiser; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Appeasement; — '''Ndokwa, nmari;''' — Apaisement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Appellant; — '''Onye n’kpoku;''' — Appelant à partie; s&lt;br&gt;
Append; — '''Gbakonye;''' — Suspendre, accrocher; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Appertain; — '''Dili, lu;''' — Appartenir; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Appetence; — '''Agundjo;''' — Appétence, sensualité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Appetite; — '''Agu;''' — Appétit, faim; s.&lt;br&gt;
Applaud; — '''Nyoli;''' — Applaudir; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Applause; — '''Nyoli;''' — Applaudissement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Application; — '''Ūgu, ufi, ntasi, ntukwasi;''' — Application; s.&lt;br&gt;
Apply; — '''Tukwasi, tinye;''' — Appliquer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Appoint; — '''Ranye, ka;''' — Désigner; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Appointment; — '''Nranye;''' — Rendez-vous; s.&lt;br&gt;
Apportion; — '''Ke, kenyé;''' — Partager; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Appreciable; — '''Di-ntunye, di-mgbanye;''' — Appréciable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Appreciate; — '''Tunye, gbanye;''' — Apprécier; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Appreciation; — '''Ntunye mgbanye;''' — Appréciation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Apprehend; — '''Nwude, nwuta, ghota, tuta;''' — Appréhender; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Apprehensible; — '''Di-nwuta, di-nghota, di-ntututa;''' — Convenable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Apprentice; — '''Nwa-olu;''' — Apprenti; s.&lt;br&gt;
Apprise; — '''Gwata, takwunye;''' — Informer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Approach; — '''Kpudebe, djedebe;''' — Approcher; v. a., s’approcher; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Approbation; — '''Nkwenye, ndanyelu;''' — Approbation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Appropriate; — '''Kwesili, kurilote, djululu, losili;''' — Approprier; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Appropriation; — '''Nwesi;''' — Appropriation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Approval; — '''Nkwenye, ndanyelu;''' — Approbation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Approve; — '''Lo, kwenye, danyelu;''' — Approuver; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Approximate; — '''Wedebe, kpodobe;''' — Rapprocher; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Approximation; — '''Nkpudebe, Nnodebe, Ndidebe;''' — Approximation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Apt; — '''Losili, kwesili;''' — Apte, propre à; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Aptitude; — '''Ntosi, nkwesi;''' — Aptitude; s.&lt;br&gt;
Aptness; — '''Ntosi, nkwesi;''' — Aptitude; s.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category:Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/21</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449306</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333045</id>
      <parentid>1332587</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:36:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>951142</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1333045</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2432" sha1="3nbl7sf5fd5krjn9wincpe0asn870jh" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;Bigkotech&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{rh|14|Aqu-Arr}}    
{{Rule}}                                                   
Aquatic; — '''Di-mili;''' — Aquatique; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Arab; — '''Onye-Arabia;''' — Arabe; s.&lt;br&gt;
Arbitrate; — '''Kpe;''' — Juger; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Arbitration; — '''Ikpeikpe;''' — Jugement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Arbour; — '''Ndo;''' — Tonnelle, ombrage; s.&lt;br&gt;
Arboret; — '''Nwando, Ndonta;''' — Arbustes; s.&lt;br&gt;
Arc; — '''Uta, osisi-ufele;''' — Arc; s.&lt;br&gt;
Arch; — '''Isi, nze, nna;''' — Voûte, arche; s.&lt;br&gt;
Archer; — '''Oba-uta;''' — Archer; s.&lt;br&gt;
Architect; — '''Nuku-okwando;''' — Architecte; s.&lt;br&gt;
Archives; — '''Akukwo-nçeta;''' — Archives; s.&lt;br&gt;
Archly; — '''N’uçe, n’itu-uçe;''' — Spirituellement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Ardency; — '''Maçiçi;''' — Ardeur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ardent; — '''Di-oku;''' — Ardent; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Argue; — '''Lu-uka, lugha-oku, Cigha-oku;''' — Argumenter; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Argument; — '''Iru-uka;''' — Argument; s.&lt;br&gt;
Arid; — '''Mgbamgba, okponku, oça;''' — Aride; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Aright; — '''Ekelesu;''' — Droitement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Arise; — '''Kulu, kulu-oto; adi, binye, kunu, guzo;''' — Droit; adj., se lever, se dresser; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Arise; — '''Binye, kunye, kulu-oto;''' — Se dresser, se tenir debout; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Arithmetic; — '''Akukwo-onuogu;''' — Arithmétique; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ark; — '''Ugbo, Akpati, ibe;''' — Arche, coffre; s.&lt;br&gt;
Arm; — '''Aka, Ngadaba, anaka;''' — Bras, main, branche; s.&lt;br&gt;
Armlet; — '''Mgbaka, onaka, ndjaka;''' — Bague, bracelet; s.&lt;br&gt;
Armour; — '''Ife-ogu, ife-agha;''' — Armure; s.&lt;br&gt;
Army; — '''Ndi-agha;''' — Armée; s.&lt;br&gt;
Armpit; — '''Abu;''' — Aisselle; s.&lt;br&gt;
Aromatize; — '''Le urisa isiuso;''' — Aromatiser; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Around; — '''Okilili, okoloko;''' — Autour; prep.&lt;br&gt;
Arouse; — '''Kpote, kponye, kposu;''' — Éveiller, réveiller; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Arquebuse; — '''Egbe, asisi;''' — Arquebuse; s.&lt;br&gt;
Arraign; — '''Bo;''' — Censurer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Arraignment; — '''Obobo;''' — Censure; s.&lt;br&gt;
Arrange; — '''Dosi, kwabha;''' — Arranger, disposer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Arrangement; — '''Ndosi, nkwaba;''' — Arrangement, disposition; s.&lt;br&gt;
Array; — '''Djikwa, dokwa afe;''' — Revêtir, endosser; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Arrearage; — '''Ugwo-akwufoluakirifo, ugwo-nkuffo;''' — Arriérages; s.&lt;br&gt;
Arrest; — '''Nwude, Djide-awu;''' — Arrêter; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Arrival; — '''Olulu, ndjelu;''' — Arrivée; s.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category: Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/23</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449307</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333046</id>
      <parentid>1332570</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:37:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>951142</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1333046</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2653" sha1="86kah17rh4ll105llaaz62keam73x1y" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;Bigkotech&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{rh|16|Ass-Ast}}
{{Rule}}                                                             
Assailable; — '''Di-manye, di-owawa;''' — Qui peut être attaqué; adj;&lt;br&gt;
Assassin; — '''Onye-nwogbu;''' — Assassin; s.&lt;br&gt;
Assassinate; — '''Wogbu, Bigbu, Megbu;''' — Assassiner; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Assassination; — '''Nwogbu, Mbigbu, Nmegbu;''' — Assassinat; s.&lt;br&gt;
Assault; — '''Manye, Wa-ogu-wa;''' — Assaillir; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Assay; — '''Nwa, nwane;''' — Essayer; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Assemblage; — '''Mgbako, nzuko, njiko;''' — Assemblage; s.&lt;br&gt;
Assemble; — '''Zuko;''' — Assembler; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Assembly; — '''Nzuko, Mgbako, Nzukube;''' — Assemblée; s.&lt;br&gt;
Assent; — '''Kwenye, kwenye; Danyelu;''' — Accorder, consentir; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Assert; — '''Kwu, kwusike, si;''' — Affirmer, assurer; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Assertion; — '''Ikwusike, okwu-kwu;''' — Assertion; s.&lt;br&gt;
Assess; — '''Na utu, ka utu;''' — Taxer, imposer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Assessment; — '''Utu, ina-utu;''' — Taxe, impôt; s.&lt;br&gt;
Assiduity; — '''Igbado-anya, uçu;''' — Assiduité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Assiduous; — '''Di-uçu;''' — Assidu; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Assign; — '''Kanye, ka;''' — Assigner; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Assignable; — '''Di-okaka;''' — Qu’on peut déterminer; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Assignation; — '''Okaka, nkanye;''' — Assignation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Assigner; — '''Onye-okaka;''' — Celui qui assigne; s.&lt;br&gt;
Assist; — '''Du, nye-aka, Du aka;''' — Assister; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Assistance; — '''Inye-aka, idu-aka;''' — Assistance; s.&lt;br&gt;
Assistant; — '''Onye-aka, onye n’enye-aka;''' — Assistant, aide; s.&lt;br&gt;
Associate; — '''Kpa-ukpa, Kpa, So, Tinyelu, Me-otu;''' — Associer; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Association; — '''Otu;''' — Association; s.&lt;br&gt;
Assort; — '''Ro, Ro n’otu n’otu;''' — Assortir; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Assortment; — '''Ororo;''' — Assortment; s.&lt;br&gt;
Assuage; — '''Menyu, Gbo, Gbonu, Medju, Medjunata;''' — Adoucir, apaiser; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Assuagement; — '''Nmenu, Mgbonu, ogbogbo;''' — Adoucissement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Assume; — '''Welu n’owemye, Nagalu, Gulu;''' — Assumer; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Assumption; — '''Owewe, Nnaga;''' — Assomption, enlèvement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Assurance; — '''Idji-aka;''' — Assurance; s.&lt;br&gt;
Assure; — '''Kwe, kwu sike, dji-aka;''' — Assurer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Astern; — '''N’ekwum;''' — En arrière; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Asthma; — '''Okuku-ume-di-ntulu;''' — Asthme; s.&lt;br&gt;
Asthmatic; — '''Onye okuku-ume-di-ntulu;''' — Asthmatique; s.&lt;br&gt;
Astonish; — '''Tu n’anya, Ti n’kpu, gbaghali;''' — Étonner; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Astonishment; — '''Iti n’anya, Iggaghali;''' — Étonnement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Astound; — '''Tu egwu;''' — Constemer, effrayer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category:Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <id>1333076</id>
      <parentid>1332543</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T03:34:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Cwrwgl</username>
        <id>937938</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Proofread */</comment>
      <origin>1333076</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2314" sha1="d3yz81qh3vvq0vzwjr1haajkkoezqmc" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;3&quot; user=&quot;Cwrwgl&quot; /&gt;{{rh||CÒMHRAIDHEAN: CONVERSATIONS.|57}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;daoine oirre-se a 's coltaiche dhoibh a bhi toilichte fòipe agus dìleas di.

Anns na leabhraichean so chithear i 'n a mnaoi, 'u a màthair, 'n a nighinn, agus 'n a caraid dleasnach, gràdhach.

Na 'm biodh am Freasdal cho caoimhneil a's a càirdeas a chur an rathad so cha 'n ann an tigh snidheach a bhiodh Màiri is mise.

Chithear i a' nochdadh co-fhulang-
ais leis a' mhuinntir a th' ann
an uireasbhuidh 's an àmhghar, a' taghal ann an tighean nam bochd, a' deanamh gàirdeachais maille riubh-san a tha ri gàirdeachas, a' cumail conaltraidh shuairc ri 'seirbheisich, a' dìreadh bheanntan, a' dol thar aibhnichean, a' leigeil fhaicinn air iomadh dòigh gu bheil cridhe blàth aice agus inntinn bhunailteach.

Is mòr am beannachadh do 'n
dùthaich a leithid a bhi air an
rìgh-chathair.

{{c|A' GHÀIDHLIG.}}

Tha sibhse ri leabhranachd mar is àbhaist.

Tha leabhraichean dhomh-sa mar
tha 'bhuill-acfhuinn do 'u fhear-cheàirde.

Tha mis' air tighinn oirbh mar an sneachd, gun sireadh, gun iarraidh.

Cha 'n 'eil idir: tha obair an là seachad agam.

Co dhiùbh is i 'Ghàidhlig no 'Bheurla, an Laidionn no 'Ghréigeis a tha sibh a' cnuasachd an dràs?

A' Ghàidhlig.

Cha 'n fhaod è 'bhi nach 'eil sibh coimh-liont' innte nis.

for her the more likely they are to be contented under her and faithful to her.

In these books she will be seen in the character of a dutiful and loving wife, mother, daughter, and friend.

If Providence were so kind as to send her friendship this way, it is not in a rain-dropping house that Mary and I would be.

She will be seen showing sympathy with those that are in want and affliction, visiting in the houses of the poor, rejoicing with those that rejoice, holding polite conversation with her servants, ascending mountains, crossing rivers, showing in many ways that she has a warm heart and a steadfast mind.

It is a great blessing to the country that such as she is on the throne.

{{c|GAELIC.}}

You are engaged with books as usual.

Books are to me as his tools are to the tradesman.

I have come upon you like the snow, unsought and undesired.

Not at all: I have the day's work over.

Whether is it Gaelic or English, Latin or Greek, that you are studying at present?

Gaelic.

Surely you are now perfect in it.
{{nop}}&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Page:Conversations in Gaelic and English.djvu/62</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449309</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333077</id>
      <parentid>1332544</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T03:49:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Cwrwgl</username>
        <id>937938</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Proofread */</comment>
      <origin>1333077</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2496" sha1="27as37q23967uhiz8zx24vha5f71xqo" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;3&quot; user=&quot;Cwrwgl&quot; /&gt;{{rh|58|CÒMHRAIDHEAN: CONVERSATIONS.}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;Cha 'n urrainn domh a ràdh gu bheil.

Cha 'n 'eil sibhse furasd' a thoileachadh.

Tha 'Ghàidhlig is cànainean am bidheantas mar thobar nach traodh.

Cha 'n 'eil mi uile gu léir 'g 'ur tuigsinn.

Tha mi 'ciallachadh gu bheil mòran aig neach r' a fhòghlum mu 'n ruig è air làn eòlas orra ge b' air bith cho fada 's a dh' fhaodas è 'bhi 'g an cnuasachd.

Saoil sibh ciod is ciall do 'n othail a tha mu 'n Ghàidhlig o cheann beagan bhliadhnaichean?

Tha daoine fòghluimte air dùsgadh gu mothachadh air a luach.

Bu mhithich dhoibh: 's iomadh là 'chuir iad suarach i.

Tha cuid déidheil air seadh ainmeannan àiteachan fhaotainn a mach, agus cha shoirbhich leo gun a' Ghàidhlig.

Nach 'eil ainmeannan Gàidhlig air mòran àiteachan 's a' Ghalldachd 's an Sasunn cho math a 's anns a' Ghàidhealtachd?

Tha.

Tha feadhainn eile toigheach air sgeulachdan is dàin a chruinneachadh, agus air eòlas fhaotainn air seana chleachdainnean.

Cha mhò 'ui iadsan a' bheag de mhath as eugmhais na Gàidhlig.

Tha feadhainn eil' ann a tha 'gabhail tlachd ann an lorgachadh na dàimhe 'tha eadar a' Ghàidhlig is cànainean eile.

Is cinnteach mi nach 'eil sin furasd' a dheanamh.

Cha 'n 'eil cha 'n è 'h-uile duine fòghluimt' a tha comasach air.

Cuiridh sibh comain mhór orm ma bheir sibh dhomh fiosrachadh mu 'n chùis.

I cannot say that I am.

You are not easily satisfied.

Gaelic and languages in general are like an inexhaustible spring.

I do not quite understand you.

I mean that one has much to learn before he attains to a full knowledge of them, however long he may be studying them.

What do you think is the meaning of the stir that there has been about Gaelic for some years back?

Learned men have awakened to a sense of its value.

It was time for them: they despised it for many a day.

Some are desirous to find out the meaning of the names of places, and they will not succeed without Gaelic.

Do not many places in the Lowlands and in England, as well as in the Highlands, bear Gaelic names?

Yes.

Others are fond of collecting tales and poems, and of obtaining a knowledge of ancient customs.

Neither will they do any good without Gaelic.

There are others that take pleasure in tracing the affinity that subsists between Gaelic and other languages.

I am sure that that is not easily done.

It is not: it is not every learned man that can do it.

You will oblige me very much by giving me information about the matter.
{{nop}}&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:Conversations in Gaelic and English.djvu/63</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449310</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333078</id>
      <parentid>1332545</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-04T04:06:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Cwrwgl</username>
        <id>937938</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Proofread */</comment>
      <origin>1333078</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2498" sha1="148xqg9nydy2tco4mykjofjqjeww7aq" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;3&quot; user=&quot;Cwrwgl&quot; /&gt;{{rh||CÒMHRAIDHEAN: CONVERSATIONS.|59}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;Feuchaidh mi beagan de na leugh mi m' a déibhinn a chur mu d' choinneamh.

'S sibh-fhéin an t-aon neach a tha mi 'faotainn toileach gu m' chuideachadh 'n am thòir air eòlas.

Thoir leat 's a' cheud dol a mach gu bheil cànainean an t-saoghail air an roinn 'n an teaghlaichean.

C' ainm a th' air an teaghlach d' am buin a' Ghàidhlig?

An ''Aryan'' no 'n ''Indo-European.''

An ainmich sibh na cànainean d' am bheil an teaghlach so air a dheanamh suas?

Thig mi 'dh'ionnsuidh sin an ceart uair.

Tha mi 'g iarraidh maitheanais.

An uair a sgaoil an sluagh a bha 'bruidhinn na cànain a bu mhathair do na cànainean a thàinig a nuas g' ar n-ionnsuidh-ne chaidh cuid diùbh an ear do na H-Innsean agus cuid eile dhiùbh an iar do 'u Roinn-Eòrpa.

'D é 'n dùthaich as an do sgaoil iad?

Tha e coltach gur h-ann a ''Persia'' a sgaoil iad.

C' ainm a th' air a' chànain a bh' aig an sgaoth dhiùbh a chaidh do na H-Innsean?

An ''Sanscrit.''

Am bheil a' chànain so air a bruidhinn fhathast?

Cha 'n 'eil, ach tha i air mhaireann ann an leabhraichean.

'D é na cànainean eile 'bhuineas do 'n teaghlach so?

Tha againn an toiseach na cànainean mora sin a' Ghréigeis 's an Laidionn.

'S fhad o 'n bhàsaich iad sin.

Tha 'Ghréigeis fhathast beò, slàn, ach tha mòran cheudan de bhliathnachan o 'n sguir an

I will endeavour to set before you a little of what I have read about it.

You are yourself the only one whom I find willing to help me in my search after knowledge.

Carry away with you at the outset that the languages of the world are divided into families.

What is the name of the family to which Gaelic belongs?

The Aryan or Indo-European.

Will you name the languages of which this family is made up?

I will come to that presently.

I beg pardon.

When the people that spoke the tongue that was mother of the languages that have come down to us dispersed, some of them went eastward to the Indies, and others of them went westward to Europe.

From what country did they disperse?

It is probable that it was from Persia that they dispersed.

What is the name of the language that was spoken by the swarm of them that went to India?

The Sanscrit.

Is this language spoken still?

It is not, but it survives in books.

What other languages belong to this family?

We have first these great languages—Greek and Latin.

It is long since these died.

Greek is still alive and healthy, but Latin ceased many hundreds of years ago to be&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/25</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449318</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333049</id>
      <parentid>1332592</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:39:37Z</timestamp>
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        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>951142</id>
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{{Rule}}
Audacious (to be); — '''Ka-anya;''' — Être hardi; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Audacity; — '''Ika-anya;''' — Hardiesse, audace; s.&lt;br&gt;
Audible; — '''Di-onunu, di-im-anu;''' — Qu’on peut entendre; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Audience; — '''Onunu, ndi-nanu-anu;''' — Audience; s.&lt;br&gt;
Auditory; — '''Ndi-nanu-anu;''' — Auditoire; s.&lt;br&gt;
Auger; — '''Ora, ofiokilili;''' — Tarière; s.&lt;br&gt;
Aught; — '''Ife-obuna;''' — Quelque chose; pron.&lt;br&gt;
Augment; — '''Wanye, ba, bue;''' — Augmenter; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Augmentation; — '''Nwanye, uba, obubu;''' — Augmentation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Augur; — '''Ogba-afa, s.''' — Augure, s. Augurer; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Augury; — '''Afa;''' — Présage; s.&lt;br&gt;
Aunt; — '''Me-oge, nwa-nne-nne;''' — Tante; s.&lt;br&gt;
Auspice; — '''Nkwudolu, nkwunyelu;''' — Auspice; s.&lt;br&gt;
Austere; — '''Di-ufi, di-ntaeji;''' — Austère; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Author; — '''Omelu, onyemelu-ife, ode-akukwo;''' — Auteur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Authority; — '''Ike;''' — Autorité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Authorize; — '''Nye-ike;''' — Autoriser; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Avail; — '''Balu, Ba-ulu, ba-elele, v.''' Ulu, elele; s. — Détourner à son profit v. a. profit; s.&lt;br&gt;
Available; — '''Di-ulu, di-elele;''' — Profitable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Avarice; — '''Anya-uku, ucu;''' — Avarice; s.&lt;br&gt;
Avenge; — '''Bo, ba-obo;''' — Venger; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Avenue; — '''Uzo, ilo, ama, eziama, ezinukwu;''' — Avenue; s.&lt;br&gt;
Aver; — '''Kwusike;''' — Affirmer, assurer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Aversion; — '''Ikpo-asi;''' — Aversion; s.&lt;br&gt;
Avert; — '''Kpuruka, gharuka, ghasia-na-uso;''' — Détourner, écarter; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Aviary; — '''Uno-nnunu;''' — Volière; s.&lt;br&gt;
Avidity; — '''Usa, akpili;''' — Avidité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Await; — '''Cee, çelu, ge, gelu, ghalliu;''' — Attendre; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Awake; — '''Binye, v. n. Mete;''' — S’éveiller, v. n. éveiller; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Award; — '''Ra-ene, ra-olo;''' — Exciter; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Away; — '''Pu, fu (affixes);''' — Dehors; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Awe; — '''Egwu;''' — Crainte, respect; s.&lt;br&gt;
Awful; — '''Di-egwu;''' — Craintif; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Awhile; — '''Emekata, emeruka;''' — Un instant; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Awl; — '''Ze, Zelu, ghado;''' — Fuir, éviter; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Awkward; — '''Di-aka-ekpe;''' — Maladroit; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Awkwardness; — '''Idi-aka-ekpe;''' — Maladresse; s.&lt;br&gt;
Awl; — '''Ara, ndudu;''' — Alêne; s.&lt;br&gt;
Awn; — '''Alu, alu onu;''' — Barbe du blé; s.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category:Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/27</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449319</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333051</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:40:44Z</timestamp>
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        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>951142</id>
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{{Rule}}
Bail; — '''Onyembe, s. Do-na-ibe, nye-na-ibe; v.''' — Otage, s. cautionner; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Bailable; — '''Di-do-na-ibe;''' — Cautionnable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Bailment; — '''Inye-na-ibe, ido-na-ibe;''' — Caution; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bait; — '''Ba-onya;''' — Amorcer, allécher; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Bake; — '''Ghe, kponye;''' — Cuire au four; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Bake-house; — '''Uno-egheife, uno-igheife;''' — Cuisine, Boulangerie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Baker; — '''Oghle-ife, onye-olu ogheghe;''' — Boulanger; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bakery; — '''Olu-ogheghe, olu-igheife;''' — Art de la cuisson; s.&lt;br&gt;
Baking; — '''Ogheghe, eghemife;''' — Cuisson; s.&lt;br&gt;
Balance; — '''Nsi-ama, ama, ife-osisi;''' — Balance; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bald; — '''Nkpoçalu, nkpoçaba;''' — Chauve; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Baldness; — '''Nkpoçaba, oboloto;''' — Calvitie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bale; — '''Ukwu;''' — Ballot; s.&lt;br&gt;
Baleful; — '''Di-ebelle, di-iwe;''' — Funeste; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Balk; — '''Ufeyge, age, s. sura; v.''' — Poutre, omettre; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Ball; — '''Okpulukpu, mgbo, s. Kpu; v.''' — Boule s. s’arrondir; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Ballad; — '''Abu, ukwe;''' — Ballade; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ballister; — '''Uta;''' — Balliste; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bamboo; — '''Ufoló, ngwo, ogugu;''' — Bambou; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bamboo-mat; — '''Akenye;''' — Natte de bambou; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bamboo-stick; — '''Osisi-nfoló;''' — Canne en bambou; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bamboo-wine; — '''Manya-ugolo;''' — Vin de palme; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bamboozle; — '''Laputa, lafu;''' — Duper; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Banana; — '''Ogede, une;''' — Banane; s.&lt;br&gt;
Banana-tree; — '''Osisi-ogede;''' — Bananier; s.&lt;br&gt;
Band; — '''Agbu, nkeke, usu;''' — Bandage; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bandage; — '''Ngimiru, akwa-isi;''' — Bandage; s.&lt;br&gt;
Band-box; — '''Okangua;''' — Carton; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bandit; — '''Ngamuzo, onye-mpum, agavu;''' — Bandit; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bandog; — '''Adjo-nkita;''' — Mâtin; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bandrol; — '''Nwata-okonkoko;''' — Banderolles; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bandy; — '''Nkulu;''' — Crosse; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bandylegged; — '''Ukwu-olugha;''' — Boiteux; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Bane; — '''Nei, ndzi;''' — Peste; s.&lt;br&gt;
Baneful; — '''Di-ndjo;''' — Pestilentiel; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Bang; — '''Ti, ti-ikpa, ti-okpo, v. Ikpa, okpo; s.''' — Pousser violemment, v. a. Coup de massue; s.&lt;br&gt;
Banian; — '''Afe-ntutu;''' — Robe de chambre; s.&lt;br&gt;
Banish; — '''Cupu, wepu n’ani;''' — Bannir; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Banishment; — '''Nçupu, n’uepu n’ani;''' — Bannissement; s.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category:Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/29</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449321</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333052</id>
      <parentid>1332593</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:41:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>951142</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1333052</origin>
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{{Rule}}
Barterer; — '''Agha, onye-agha;''' — Troqueur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Base; — '''Ani, nto-ani;''' — Fondement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Base-born; — '''Nwa-mbili, nwa-oyi;''' — Batard; s.&lt;br&gt;
Baseless; — '''Enwe-nto-ani, enwere-nzado;''' — Sans fondement;&lt;br&gt;
Basement; — '''Ani, ani-uno;''' — Soubasement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bashful; — '''Di-ilele, di-iru-ani;''' — Timide; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Bashfulness; — '''Ilele, iru-ani;''' — Timidité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Basilisk; — '''Ogbo-ndu, ogbo-ndulu;''' — Basilic; s.&lt;br&gt;
Basin; — '''Odiligi, afele-okongwu;''' — Bassin; s.&lt;br&gt;
Basis; — '''Ani, nto-ani;''' — Base; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bask; — '''Nya-oku, nya-awụ;''' — Chauffer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Basket; — '''Ukpu, nkata;''' — Panier; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bastard; — '''Nwa-oyi, nwa-ilo;''' — Batard; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bastardy; — '''Okwa nwa-oyi;''' — Batardise; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bastinado; — '''Nkulu, ugholo;''' — Bastonnade; s.&lt;br&gt;
— '''Ti-ugholo, pya-osisi;''' — Bastonner; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Bat; — '''Usu, ngusu;''' — Chauve-souris; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bateau; — '''Ugbo-nfe;''' — Bateau; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bath; — '''Ebe iwu-aru;''' — Bain, baignoire; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bathe; — '''Wu, iwu-aru;''' — Se baigner; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Bathing; — '''Iwu-aru;''' — Bain; s.&lt;br&gt;
Baton; — '''Nkulu;''' — Bâton, crosse; s.&lt;br&gt;
Battalion; — '''Onu-agha, onu-ogu;''' — Bataillon; s.&lt;br&gt;
Batten; — '''Zunye-abala, zunye-manu;''' — Engraisser; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Batter; — '''Dikpo, tida;''' — Battre; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Battle; — '''Ogu, agha;''' — Bataille; s.&lt;br&gt;
— '''Bu-agha, nu-ogu;''' — Se battre; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Battle-array; — '''Onodu-ogu, onodu-agha;''' — Ordre de bataille; s.&lt;br&gt;
Battle-axe; — '''Anyike-agha;''' — Hache de guerre; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bawble; — '''Ife ikpa-amu;''' — Bagatelle; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bawl; — '''Kpo, kpotu, pkonpu;''' — Brailler, crier; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Bay; — '''Mbanye-mili;''' — Baie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bay; — '''Gbo, gbo-udja;''' — Aboyer; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Baying; — '''Udja, gbo-udja;''' — Aboiement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bayonet; — '''Ofalagada, opalagada;''' — Bayonnette; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bazaar; — '''Afya, ebe-afya;''' — Bazar; s.&lt;br&gt;
Be; — '''Bu, di na, do;''' — Être; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Beach; — '''Ubom;''' — Grève, plage; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bead; — '''Mkpilife;''' — Grain; s.&lt;br&gt;
Beak; — '''Onu-nnunu;''' — Bec; s.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category:Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/31</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449322</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333054</id>
      <parentid>1332595</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:43:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>951142</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1333054</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
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      <text bytes="2367" sha1="911svqxc7x68a282pdrk6ag6uugrtn3" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;Bigkotech&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{rh|24|Bed-Beg}}
{{Rule}}
Bedding; — '''Ile-akwa, ile-edina'''; — Litterie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bedeck; — '''Dokwa, djikwa'''; — Parer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Bedew; — '''Guda, la-djiligi'''; — Arroser; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Bed-fellow; — '''Onye-edina'''; — Compagne; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bedlam; — '''Uno-ndi-ala'''; — Maison de fous.&lt;br&gt;
Bedlamite; — '''Onye-ala, onye-oskwu'''; — Fou, folle; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bed-quilt; — '''Akwa-edina'''; — Couverture piquee.&lt;br&gt;
Bedraggle; — '''Meto'''; — Crotter; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Bedrench; — '''Futube'''; — Tremper; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Bed-room; — '''Ula, uno-ula; uno-edina'''; — Dortoir; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bedrop; — '''Fenus, gbamusa'''; — Arroser; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Bed-time; — '''Ekpo naba'''; — Heure du coucher.&lt;br&gt;
Bed-ward; — '''Do-akakpo, nara-nso'''; — Garder le lit.&lt;br&gt;
Bee; — '''Anwu'''; — Abeille; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bee-hive; — '''Uno-anwu'''; — Ruche; s.&lt;br&gt;
Beef; — '''Anu, anu-efi'''; — Viande de boeuf.&lt;br&gt;
Beefsteak; — '''Ibe-anu-efi'''; — Bifteck; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bees-wax; — '''Akpaka-anwu'''; — Miel, cire; s.&lt;br&gt;
Befall; — '''Kwudo, me'''; — Arriver; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Befit; — '''Kwesi, to, tosi'''; — Convenir à; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Befitting; (To be) — '''Tulu'''; — Être convenable; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Befool; — '''Lafu, nufu'''; — Tromper; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Before; — '''N'iru, n'anya'''; — Avant; prep.&lt;br&gt;
— '''Tupu'''; — Avant; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Before-hand; — '''Bulu, do (affix)'''; — D'avance; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Before-time; — '''Ekpogbo'''; — Autrefois; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Befoul; — '''Meto, mebi, lu-inyi'''; — Souiller; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Befriend; — '''Nwu-oyi'''; — Favoriser; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Beg; — '''Yo, yo-ayoyo, kpelu'''; — Demander; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Beget; — '''Mu, muta'''; — Engendrer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Begetter; — '''Omulu, onye-mulu'''; — Qui engendre.&lt;br&gt;
Beggar; — '''Onye-ayoyo, onye-eee-ini'''; — Mendiant; s.&lt;br&gt;
Beggarliness; — '''Ayoyo, eee-ini'''; — Mendicité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Beggarly; — '''Dika onye eee-ini'''; — Misérablement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Beggary; — '''Ogbwenye, okwa onye-ayoyo'''; — Misère; s.&lt;br&gt;
Begging; — '''Ayoyo, iyo-ayoyo'''; — Action de demander.&lt;br&gt;
Begin; — '''Bido, gbudo'''; — Commencer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Begin; — '''Onye-mbido, ogbodi'''; — Commençant; s.&lt;br&gt;
Beginning; — '''Mbido, izizi, isi-mbido'''; — Commencement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Begird; — '''Nofe, nobido, norube, kebido'''; — Cerner; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category:Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/33</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449323</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333057</id>
      <parentid>1332596</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:44:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>951142</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1333057</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
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      <text bytes="2600" sha1="s45mazrntpshoa8za5xiz66mgpth0qj" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;Bigkotech&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{rh|26|Bel-Bes}}
{{Rule}}
Beloved; — '''Afulu-n’anya'''; — Bien-aimé; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Below; — '''N’okpulu, n’ani'''; — En bas; prép. adv.&lt;br&gt;
Belt; — '''Adji, adji-akpukpo'''; — Ceinture; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bemire; — '''Da n’apiti, kputo n’apiti'''; — S’embourber; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Bemoan; — '''Kwa'''; — Déplorer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Bench; — '''Oche, odu, otu-ndi-ikpe'''; — Banquette; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bend; — '''Go, logo, rube, rulu, gbu'''; — Plier, courber; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Beneath; — '''N’okpulu, n’ani'''; — Sous, au-dessous; prép.&lt;br&gt;
Benediction; — '''Ngosi, ekenè'''; — Bénédiction; s.&lt;br&gt;
Benefaction; — '''Afomma, amala, imu-amala'''; — Bienfait; s.&lt;br&gt;
Benefactor; — '''Onye-afo-mma, ome-amala'''; — Bienfaiteur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Beneficence; — '''Amala, ife-amala, afo-mma'''; — Bienfaisance; s.&lt;br&gt;
Beneficent; — '''Di-afo-mma, di-amala'''; — Bienfaisant; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Beneficial; — '''Di-elele, di-ulu'''; — Avantageux; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Benefit; — '''Elele, ulu'''; — Avantage; s.&lt;br&gt;
— '''Balu, me-ofumma'''; — Bénéficier; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Benevolence; — '''Afommli, ezi-ife, obi-omuma'''; — Bienveillance; s.&lt;br&gt;
Benevolent; — '''Di-afomma, di-obi-omuma'''; — Bienveillant; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Benight; — '''Dijibido, djinari'''; — Obscurcir; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Benign; — '''Di-afomma, di-amala'''; — Clément; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Benignity; — '''Afomma, idi-afomma, idi-amala'''; — Clémence; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bent; — '''Nogo, nsiligo'''; — Courbure; s.&lt;br&gt;
Benumb; — '''Me di-akalo'''; — Engourdir; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Bereave; — '''Nalu, wenalu'''; — Priver; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Bereavement; — '''Onala, iwenalu, mwenalu'''; — Privation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Beseech; — '''Yo, kpelu'''; — Supplier; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Beseem; — '''Kwesi, tosi, fulu'''; — Convenir; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Beseeming; — '''Nkwesi, otito, nfulu'''; — Convenance; s.&lt;br&gt;
Beseemly; — '''Tosili-etosi, fulu-efulu'''; — Convenablement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Beset; — '''Norube, nofe'''; — Assiéger; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Beside; — '''N’uso, n’kpele'''; — A côté; prép.&lt;br&gt;
Besiege; — '''Norube, nofe, garube, wakpo'''; — Assiéger; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Besieger; — '''Owa, onye-wakpo, onye-nofe'''; — Assiégeant; s.&lt;br&gt;
Besmear; — '''Te, no'''; — Tacher, souiller; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Besom; — '''Oke-akpa, aziza-ilo'''; — Balai; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bespake; — '''Kwubulu'''; — Commander; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Bespread; — '''Kpasi, gbasa, sa, v. a.'''; — Répandre; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Best; — '''Kasimma, makalisili'''; — Meilleur; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Bestial; — '''Di-inyi, dika-anu'''; — Bestial; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Bestir; — '''Mesu, quni'''; — Secouer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category:Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/35</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449324</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333059</id>
      <parentid>1332597</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:47:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>951142</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1333059</origin>
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      <text bytes="2348" sha1="dsm0txgwc4zw8rf2num2rj1x4eoq5fg" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;Bigkotech&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{rh|28|Rid-Bir}}
{{Rule}}
Bidental; — '''Di-eze-nabo'''; — Qui a deux dents.&lt;br&gt;
Biennial; — '''Kwa-aro-nabo'''; — Biennal; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Bifarious; — '''Nmadji-nabo'''; — En sens contraire.&lt;br&gt;
Bifold; — '''Nmadji-nabo, uzo-nabo'''; — À double voie.&lt;br&gt;
Biform; — '''Di iru-nabo'''; — Biforme; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Bifurcation; — '''Idi-ngadaba-nabo'''; — Bifurcation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Big; — '''Nuku, ukwu di-ime'''; — Gros, large; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Bigamist; — '''Oéinyeme nabo'''; — Bigame; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bigamy; — '''Içinyeme nabo'''; — Bigamie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Biggin; — '''Okpu-nwata'''; — Béguin; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bight; — '''Nkeke-udo, nkeke-elili'''; — Pli; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bigness; — '''Okpi, nkwu'''; — Grosseur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bilabiate; — '''Di-egbugbel’onunabo'''; — Qui a deux paroles.&lt;br&gt;
Bilbo; — '''Nma, pya'''; — Rapière; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bilboes; — '''Iga-ukwu'''; — Menottes; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bile; — '''Onunu'''; — Bile; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bilk; — '''Lafu, megholu'''; — Frustrer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Bill; — '''Me-imi-onu'''; — Se becqueter; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Billow; — '''Akpoli'''; — Lame, vague; s.&lt;br&gt;
Billow; — '''Ma, tu, di k’akpoli'''; — Se soulever; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Billowy; — '''Diakpoli, dik’ebili'''; — Houleux, agité; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Bimanous; — '''Di-aka-nabo, nwee-aka-nabo'''; — Bimane; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Bin; — '''Akpati'''; — Coffre, cuve; s.&lt;br&gt;
Binary; — '''Di-ebwa'''; — Binaire; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Binate; — '''Di-oke na wunye'''; — Accouplé; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Bind; — '''Fye, ke, fyedo, kedo, fyehe, djiide'''; — Lier; v. a. n.&lt;br&gt;
Binder; — '''Onye-nakwako-akukwo'''; — Relieur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Binding; — '''Agbu, azu-akukwo'''; — Reliure; s.&lt;br&gt;
Binocular; — '''Di-anya-nabo'''; — Qui a deux yeux.&lt;br&gt;
Binomial; — '''Di-afa-nabo'''; — Binôme; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bipartite; — '''Di-ibe-nabo'''; — Qui se divise en deux.&lt;br&gt;
Bipartition; — '''Idi-ibe-nabo'''; — Bipartition; s.&lt;br&gt;
Biped; — '''Anu-ukwu-nabo'''; — Bipède; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bipedal; — '''Di-ukwu-nabo'''; — Bipède; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Bipennate; — '''Di-nku-nabo'''; — Qui a deux ailes.&lt;br&gt;
Bird; — '''Nnunu, unu-nnunu, anu-ufe'''; — Oiseau; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bird-lime; — '''Eso'''; — Glu; s.&lt;br&gt;
Birth; — '''Omumu, omumu-nwa'''; — Naissance; s.&lt;br&gt;
Birth-day; — '''Ubosi-omumu'''; — Jour de naissance.&lt;br&gt;
Birth-place; — '''Ebe-omumu'''; — Lieu de naissance.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category:Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/117</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449327</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333061</id>
      <parentid>1332741</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:48:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bigkotech</username>
        <id>955363</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Validated */</comment>
      <origin>1333061</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2410" sha1="1cshswpy46me3pvu9ge58tjze0boek1" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;Bigkotech&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{rh|110|Gri-Gue}}
{{rule}}
Grimalkin; - '''Onogbo-ocye, nwa-obala-ocye;''' - Vieux chat; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Grin; - '''Caçapu-eze Icaçapu-eze;''' - Grincer des dents; ''s. n.''&lt;br&gt;
Grind; - '''Gwe;''' - Moudre; ''v. a.''&lt;br&gt;
Grinder; - '''Agbulugada;''' - Molaire; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Grindstone; - '''Omunma;''' - Pierre à aiguiser; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Grip; - '''Nwude;''' - Saisir; ''v. a.''&lt;br&gt;
Gripe; - '''Nwude, lu, gwolu;''' - '''Nnwude;''' Empoigner; ''v. a.''&lt;br&gt;
Grisly; - '''Di-egwu;''' - Affreux-se; ''adj.''             [Etreinte; ''s.'']&lt;br&gt;
Grit; - '''Uzuzu, adjilidja-okwute;''' - Farine grossière; gravier; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Grizzle; - '''Okpontu;''' - Gris; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Grizzly; - '''Di-okpontu;''' - Grisàtre; ''adj.''&lt;br&gt;
Groan; - '''Su-ude, su;''' - Gémir; ''v. n.''&lt;br&gt;
Groaning; - '''Ude, isu-ude;''' - Gémissement; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Grog; - '''Manya;''' - Boisson; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Groin; - '''Iwalagada;''' - Arête; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Groove; - '''Nriwa;''' - Antre; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Grope; - '''So-isi;''' - Tâtonner; ''v. n.''&lt;br&gt;
Gross; - '''Di-alo, di-ogbe;''' - Grossier-ère; ''adj.''&lt;br&gt;
Grossly; - '''N'alo;''' - Grossièrement; ''adj.''&lt;br&gt;
Grossness; - '''Alo, idi-alo;''' - Grosseur; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Ground; - '''Ani, enu-ani, adja;''' - Terre; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Groundless; - '''Enwero-nko-ani;''' - Sans terre; ''adj.''&lt;br&gt;
Group; - '''Usu, igwe;''' - Groupe; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Grove; - '''Ofya;''' - Bocage; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Grovel; - '''Gbe, kpu, li;''' - Ramper; ''v. n.''&lt;br&gt;
Grow; - '''So, wanye;''' - Croître; ''v. n.''&lt;br&gt;
Growl; - '''De, tamu, demu; Ntamu;''' - Grogner; ''v. n.'' Grognement; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Growth; - '''Uso, nwanye;''' - Croissance; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Grub; - '''Gwu; Aruru;''' - Défricher; ''v. a.'' ver; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Grudge; - '''We-iwe na nkiti;''' Haïr, envier; ''v. a.''&lt;br&gt;
Gruel; - '''Odugba, owa;''' - Bouillie de gruau; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Grumble; - '''Tamu, demu;''' Grogner, - Murmurer; ''v. n.''&lt;br&gt;
Grumbler; - '''Onye-ntamu, onye-ndemu;''' - Grognard; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Grumbling; - '''Ntamu, ndemu;''' - Grognement; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Grume; - '''Okpulukpu-me;''' - Grumeau; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Grunt; - '''Su dik'ezi;''' - Grogner; ''v. n.''&lt;br&gt;
Guard; - '''Ce, gba-ogu; Nce, igba-ogu;''' - Garder; ''v. a.'' garde; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Guerdon; - '''Ne-olu, kwu; Ife ine-olu;''' - Récompenser; ''v. a.'' gages; ''s.''&lt;br&gt;
Guess; - '''Ka, ma; Okaka;''' - Conjecturer; ''v. a.''&lt;br&gt;
Guest; - '''Obia, onye-obiama;''' - Convive, hôte; ''s.''
[[Category:Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/39</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449362</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333063</id>
      <parentid>1332638</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:51:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>951142</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Validated */</comment>
      <origin>1333063</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1978" sha1="r0wwb3nxg20ded1gph4qu06voo65tqc" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;10kdollz&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;Bon— Bou 33 

Bondsman; — Oru-nwoke, odibo-nwoke ; — Caution; s. 

Bone; — ■ Okpukpu; — Os, ossements; s. 

Bone-setter; — Dibya-okpukpu ; — Rebouteur; s. 

Bonmot; — Ikpa-amu; — Mot pour lire; s. 

Bonnet; — Okpu, okpu-umu-nwanyi, okpu-ikporo; — Bonnet; s. 

Bonay; — Omalica; — Joli; adj. 

Bonus; — Elele; — Gain, profit; s. 

Bony; — Di-okpxikpu, so-okpukpu; — Osseux; adj. 

Booby; — Onye-nsokwu, nniinu; — Benet, nigaud; 5. 

Book; — Akukwo; — Livre, papier; s. 

Book-binder; — Okwa-akukwo ; — Relieur; s. 

Book-case; — Akpati-akulnvo ; — Bureau, easier; 5. 

Boon; — Di-afo-mma; — Bienfaisant; adj. 

Boor; — Akala-ogoli ; — Rustre; adj. 

Boose; — Lakpo-anya; — Boire avec exces; v. n. 

Boot; — Elele; — Gain, profit; s. 

— Akpukpo-ukwu; — Bottes; s. 

Bootee; — ^kenke-akpukpo-ukwu; — Bottines; s. 

Bootless; — Eloelo, albana-ife; — Vain, futile; adj. 

Booty; — Ife-odji, ife-ori; — Butin; s. 

Bopeep; — Egwu-umu-aka, egwu-umuaro ; — Oeillade; s. 

Border; — Uso, ikpele, onuiiu; — Bord, confins; s. 

Borderer; — Onye-uso; — Riverain; s. 

Bore; — Og'hele; — Trou; s. 

— Ra, g-liu; — Penetrer, percer; v. a. 
Borrow; — Zi, zili; — Emprunter; v. a. 
Borrower; — Onye-ozizi; — Emprunteur ; s. 
Bosom; — Obi; — Sein; s. 

— Zobe, kpudo; — Cacher; v. a. 

Boss; — Akpu, akputukpu; — Bosse, bossette; s. 
Bossy; — Di-akpu, di-akputukpu; — Bossu, saillant; adj. 
Both; — Nabo; — L'un et 1' autre; pro?i. 
Bother; — Sogbu, fi, ^bag-hali; — Embarrasser;&quot;». a. 
Bottle; — Onono, kalamam; — Bouteille; s. 

— Gbana-onono, g^baiiyena-onono ; — Mettre en bouteille ; v. a. 
Bottom; — Ani, okpulu, oru-ani; — Fond, Base; s. 

— To, lukwasi; — Fonder; v. a. 

Bottomless; — Euwe-ani, di-eirvre-ani; — Sans fond; adj. 
Bough; — Ngadaba, aka-osisi; — Rameau, branche; s. 
Bounce; — Ikpo-ntu, omama; — Fracas; s.&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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Bounce; — Kpo-ntu, ma; — Tomber avec fracas; v. n. 

Bound; — Do-ag-bata; — Bondir; v. n. 

Boundary; — Oke, isi-ani; — Limite, borne; s. [adj.] 

Boundless; — Enwe-oke, envre-ebe, emve-ndjedebe; — Sans borne; 

Bountiful; — Di-afo-omma, di-amala; — Genereux; adj. 

Bountif ulness ; — Idi-afo-omma, idi-amala, amala; — Generosite; s. 

Bounty; — Afo-omma, amala, elele; — Bonte; s. 

Bouquet; — Nkeke-ifulu ; — Bouquet; s. 

Bourn; — Oke, isi-ndjedebe; — Borne; v. n. 

Bow; — Ruin, bube; — Courber, plier; v. n. 

— Onu-ug-bo, nziza, uta; — Joug; s. 
Bowels; — Afo, ngili-afo; — Entrailles; s. 
Bower; — Ndo, arilika; — Berceau; s. 
Bowery; — Di-ndo; — Ombrage; adj. 
Bowl; — Okwa; — Coupe, tasse; s. 

Bow-man; — Onye-uta, onye-onn-ug-bo ; — Premier rameur; s. 

Box; — Akpati, ikpa, okpo; — Boite; s. 

Box; — Tinye n'akpati, ti-ikpa; — Mettre dans une boite; v. a. 

Boxer; — ■ Oti-okpo; — Boxeur; s. 

Boy; — Xwa-nwoke, nwata-nwoke, okolo; — Garcon; s. 

Boy-hood; — Nwata, niva; — Enfanee; s. 

Boyish; — Dika-mvata-nwoke ; — Enfantin; adj. 

Boyishness; — Imekanvrata-nwoke ; — Enfantillage ; s. 

Brace; — Elili, nza; — Lien, couple, paire; s. 

Bracelet; — Odu-aka, onaka, ndjaka; — Bracelet; s. 

Bracket; — Obele nza, nza; — Crochet; 5. 

Brackish; — Di-nnu, so-nnunnu; — Saumatre, sale; adj. 

Brag; — Inya-isi; — Jactance; s. 

— ]Nya-isi; — Se vanter; v. n. 
Braggard; — Onye-onn; — Vantard; s. 
Braid; — Udo; — Tresse; s. 

— Kpa, tu-udo; — Tresser; v. a. 
Brain; — Ubnlu; — Cerveau; s. 

Brainless; — Einve-nbuln, enwe-u^e; — Ecervele; adj. 

Bramble; — Nganga; — Ronce; s. 

Bramble-bush; — Ofya, obele-ofya; — Broussailles ; s. 

Bran; — Mg-bug&quot;bo; — Son; s. 

Bran-new; — Nnufu, ofuru-ofuru ; — Tout neuf; adj. 

Branch; — Ng-adaba, aka-osisi; — Branche; s. 

— Gbang-adaba, wa-ngadaba; — Ebrancher; v. a.&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/42</title>
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Breathless; — Kwulu-awu, mvulu-owii; — Essouffle; adj. 

Breeches; — Afe-ukwu, nkpafi-ukwu; — Pantalons; s. 

Breed; — Umu, umu-nna; — Race, couvee; s. 

— Mu, zu, bu; — Engendrer; v. a. 

Breeder; — Onye-zuluozulu, onye-azu; — Eleveur; 5. 

Breeding; — Ikuku, ifufu; — Brise; s. 

Brevity; — Idi-nkenke; — Brievete; s. 

Brew; — Si-manya; — Meier; v. a. 

Brewage; — Manya-esiliesi ; — Breuvage; s. 

Brewer; — Orimanya; — Brasseur; s. 

Brewery; — Uno-manya, esi-manya; Brasserie; s. 

Brick; — Okpukpu-adja, adja-ukpolo; — Brique; s. 

Bride; — Nwimye-ofu, liwanyi-ofu ; — Fiancee; s. 

Bridegroom; — Onye-nulu, nwunye-ofulu ; — Mariee; s. 

Bridge; — Akwa; — Pont, passerelle; s. 

Bridle; — Kwang-a; — Reprimer; v. a. 

Brief; — ^kenke, nkpilikpi; — Bref; adj. 

Brier; — IS'g-ang-a; — Ronce; s. 

Briery; — So-ng-anga ; — Plein de ronces; adj. 

Brig; — Ugbo, ug-bo-oyibo; — Vaisseau, bateau; s. 

Brigade; — Otu ndi-ogii, otii ndi-agha; — Brigade; s. 

Brigadier; — Odogwu, odogwu ndi-ag-ha; — Chef de guerre; s. 

Bright; — ^wu, g-bu, g-bupu; — Briller; v. n. 

Brighten; — Fi, fi&lt;?a ri, ri&lt;?a; — Etinceler; v. n. 

Brightness; — Onwunwu; — Eclat; s. 

Brim; — Onunu, mpempe; — Mer, ocean; s. 

Bring; — Weta, buta, kpota, nata; — Apporter; v. a. 

Brink; — Ikpele, mpempe-uso ; — Bord; s. 

Brisk; — Di-ngwa, di-ndu, di-nko; — Saillant, alerte, eveille; adj. 

Briskness; — Idi-ng-wa, idi-ndu, idi-nko; — Rudesse, vivacite; s. 

Broacher; — Onye-nkwuta; — Inventeur; s. 

Broad; — Obodobo, abadaba; — Large; adj. 

Broad-axe; — Obodobo anyike; — j Hache d'armes; s. 

Broad-east; — Mesa, nkposa; — A la volee; adv. 

Broad-cloth; — Akwa-awiliwa; — Loques-; s. 

Broaden; — Me-obodobo; — Elargir; v. a. 

Broad-sword; — Nma obodobo; — Sabre; s. 

Brocade; — Akwa-mili-ona; — Brocart; s. 

Broil; — Kkpotu, esemokn; — Brouille, querelle; s. 

Brood; — Iwa; — Race, couvee; s.&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/43</title>
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Brood; — Kpulu, makpuln; — Couver, nourrir; v. s. 
Brook; — Xkisi-obele-mili ; — Ruisseau; s. 

— IVado, di; • — Endurer, souffrir; v. n. 
Broom; — Aziza, oke-okpa; — Balais; s. 
Broth; — Mili-anu; — Bouillon; s. 

Brother; — Nwa-nne, nwa-ime-iiwoke ; — Frere; s. 
Brotherhood; — Idi na nna, idi nadu; — Fraternite; v. 
Brotherly; — Dika inva-ime; — Fraternellement; adv. 
Brow; — Iku, iku-anya^ eg-edeg-e-iru; — Sourciller; v. a. 
Browless; — Di-enwe-iku, enwe-ifele; — Effronte e; adj. 
Browse; — Ta afii'ya, gbu-imi; — Brouter; v. a. 
Bruise; — (^ifya, melu-aru, nqifya; — Meurtrir, meurtrissure ; s. 
Bruiser; — Osi-okpa; — Celui qui nieurtrit; s. 
Bruit; — Akoko, uzu; — Bruit; s. 

— Ko; — Faire courir un bruit; v. n. 
Brush; — Kza, nza&lt;?a, iuyalinya; — Brosse; s. 

— Za, za&lt;-a; — Brosser; v. a. 

Brushy; — Dika-nza, awiliwa; — Hirsute, herisse; adj. 
Brustle; — Bamba, ba, tugbo; — Petiller; v. n. 
Brutal; — Di-afo-ndjo; — Brutal e; adj. 
Brutality; — Afo-ndjo, idi-afo-ndjo; — Brutalite; s. 
Bmtalize; — Do-afondjo; — Bmtaliser; s. a. 
Brute; — Aim, anu-ofya; — Brute; s. 

— Di-enwe-u&lt;?e ; — Brute; adj. 

Brutish; — Dik'anu, di-afondjo; — Brutalement; adv. 

Brutism; — Adjo-nsokwu, nsokwu, nkwukwu; — Abrutissement ; s. 

Bubble; — Ufufu, ife-ufolo, ufolo; — Bagatelle; s. 

— Gbo-nfufu; — Duper; v. a. 

Bubbler; — Onye-nzug-bu, ozubulu; — Trompeur; s. 

Buck; — Oke-asonso, oke-ene; — Chevreuil; s. 

Bucket; — Mg-be; — Heuse, seau; s. 

Buckler; — Ota; — Boucher; s. 

Bud; — Opopo; opopo-akukwo ; — Bourgeon; s. 

— Ma-akukwo ofu; — Bourgeonner; v. a. 
Budlet; — ISwa-opopo ; — Petit bouton; s. 
Buffalo; — Atu, efi-ofya; — Buffle; s. 

Buffet; — Ti-okpo, ti-ikpa; — Se battre a coup de poings. 
Buffoon; — Onye-ug-hele, eg-heli; — Bouffon; ». 
Bug; — Arurii, umu-aruru; — Pouilleux-se ; adj. 
Bugle; — Opi; — Bugle; 5. 

3*&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/45</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>1333041</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:33:40Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="1799" sha1="crzl1hirh5qn982wq0mtiuelmoqjit2" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Bigkotech&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;Bur— Byw 39 

Burn; — Le, g-foa, su, le-oku; — B ruler; v. a. 

— Onya-oku; — Bmlure; s. 
Burner; — Osu-oku; — Fourneau; s. 
Burnish; — Ri, rica, fi, fica; — Polir; v. a. 
Burrow; — Onu; — Trou; s. 

— Bi-n'omi; — Faire un trou; v. a, 
Burst; — Opupu; — Eclat, explosion; s. 

— Tiwa, wa, pu; — Eclater; v. n. 
Bury; — Ni, nie, zobe; — Enterrer; v. a. 

— iSlqm-akukwo ; — Devenir touffu; v. n. 
Bushy; — Di-ofya; — Buissonneux-se ; adj. 
Busily; — }Tolu; — Activernent; adv. 
Business; ■ — Olu, ife-omeme ; — Aft aires; s. 
Buss; — Isiisu-onii ; — Baiser; s. 

— Susu-onu; — Baiser; v. a. 

Bustle; — Ido-akanya, akanya; — Tumulte; s. 

— Do-akanya; — Faire du bruit; v. n. 
Bustler; — Onye-akanya; — Intrigant; s. 
But; — Ma, beluso; — Mais, excepte; conj. 

— Oke, isi-ndjedebe; — But; s. 
Butcher; — Og'bu-anu; — Boucher; s. 
Butchery; — Igbu-auu; — Boucherie; s. 
Butt; — So mpi; — Se huter, heurter; v. a. 
Butterfly; — Ukpana; — Papillon; s. 
Butter-tooth; — Ohodobo-iru-eze ; — Incisives; s. 
Buttock; — Ike; — Croupe; s. 

Button; — Xkpoci; — Bouton; s. 

— Kpoci; — Boutormer; v. a. 

Button-hole; — Oghele-npkoci ; — Boutonniere; s. 

Buttres; — Xzado; — Soutien; s. 

Buxom; — Di-ukele, di-ng-wa; — Docile; adj. 

Buxomly; — Na ng^va, oseso; — Docilement; adv. 

Buy; — Go, golu, g*bputa; — Acheter; v. a. 

Buyer; — Onye-og'Og'O ; — Acheteur; s. 

Buzzard; — Udene, ayagana; — Buse; s. 

By; — ISa, n'ikpele, n'uso; — Par; prej). 

By-and-by; — Emesia, ekpo-emelu, ekpo-emesili; — Tout-a-1 heure. 

Bypath; — Owele; — Sentier; s. 

Bystander; — Onye-nkili; — Spectateur; s. 

Byword; — Inu, iim-oku; — Dicton, proverbe; s.&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <id>1333060</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:48:01Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="1799" sha1="le6x877yhpjzcm86tjy4cioti1lypc1" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;3&quot; user=&quot;10kdollz&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;Bur— Byw 39 

Burn; — Le, g-foa, su, le-oku; — B ruler; v. a. 

— Onya-oku; — Bmlure; s. 
Burner; — Osu-oku; — Fourneau; s. 
Burnish; — Ri, rica, fi, fica; — Polir; v. a. 
Burrow; — Onu; — Trou; s. 

— Bi-n'omi; — Faire un trou; v. a, 
Burst; — Opupu; — Eclat, explosion; s. 

— Tiwa, wa, pu; — Eclater; v. n. 
Bury; — Ni, nie, zobe; — Enterrer; v. a. 

— iSlqm-akukwo ; — Devenir touffu; v. n. 
Bushy; — Di-ofya; — Buissonneux-se ; adj. 
Busily; — }Tolu; — Activernent; adv. 
Business; ■ — Olu, ife-omeme ; — Aft aires; s. 
Buss; — Isiisu-onii ; — Baiser; s. 

— Susu-onu; — Baiser; v. a. 

Bustle; — Ido-akanya, akanya; — Tumulte; s. 

— Do-akanya; — Faire du bruit; v. n. 
Bustler; — Onye-akanya; — Intrigant; s. 
But; — Ma, beluso; — Mais, excepte; conj. 

— Oke, isi-ndjedebe; — But; s. 
Butcher; — Og'bu-anu; — Boucher; s. 
Butchery; — Igbu-auu; — Boucherie; s. 
Butt; — So mpi; — Se huter, heurter; v. a. 
Butterfly; — Ukpana; — Papillon; s. 
Butter-tooth; — Ohodobo-iru-eze ; — Incisives; s. 
Buttock; — Ike; — Croupe; s. 

Button; — Xkpoci; — Bouton; s. 

— Kpoci; — Boutormer; v. a. 

Button-hole; — Oghele-npkoci ; — Boutonniere; s. 

Buttres; — Xzado; — Soutien; s. 

Buxom; — Di-ukele, di-ng-wa; — Docile; adj. 

Buxomly; — Na ng^va, oseso; — Docilement; adv. 

Buy; — Go, golu, g*bputa; — Acheter; v. a. 

Buyer; — Onye-og'Og'O ; — Acheteur; s. 

Buzzard; — Udene, ayagana; — Buse; s. 

By; — ISa, n'ikpele, n'uso; — Par; prej). 

By-and-by; — Emesia, ekpo-emelu, ekpo-emesili; — Tout-a-1 heure. 

Bypath; — Owele; — Sentier; s. 

Bystander; — Onye-nkili; — Spectateur; s. 

Byword; — Inu, iim-oku; — Dicton, proverbe; s.&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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{{Rule}}
Build; — '''Lu, lu-uno'''; — Bâtir; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Builder; — '''Onye-olu-uno'''; — Celui qui bâtit;&lt;br&gt;
Building; — '''Ido-adja, olu-ido-adja'''; — Construction; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bulb; — '''Mba'''; — Bulbe; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bulbous; — '''Di-mba'''; — Bulbeux-se; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Bulge; — '''Tepulu, funita'''; — Bomber, faire ventre; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Bulimy; — '''Oke-afo-uni'''; — Boulimie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bulk; — '''Okpi, ogbe'''; — Masse, volume; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bulkiness; — '''Idi-okpi, ili-ogbe'''; — Corpulence; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bulky; — '''Di-okpi, di-ogbe'''; — Corpulent; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Bull; — '''Oke-efi'''; — Taureau; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bull-dog; — '''Nuku nkita'''; — Bouledogue; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bullet; — '''Mgbo, afulu'''; — Balle, boulet; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bull-fight; — '''Ogu-oke-efi'''; — Combat des taureaux; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bull-frog; — '''Awo, nuku awo'''; — Gros léopard; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bullock; — '''Nwa-oku-efi'''; — Petit taureau; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bully; — '''Oko-onu'''; — Fanfaron; s.&lt;br&gt;
— '''Bamba'''; — Braver; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bulrush; — '''Ikpoko, ami'''; — Jonc; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bumble-bee; — '''Adakada'''; — Bourdon; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bump; — '''Akpu'''; — Bosse; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bumper; — '''Ndju, ndju-iko'''; — Rougebord; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bumpkin; — '''Onye-aka-ekpe'''; — Lourdaud; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bun; — '''Açiça uso'''; — Gâteau; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bunch; — '''Akpa, osi'''; — Tumeur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bundle; — '''Ngwu, ntake'''; — Paquet, faisceau; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bung; — '''Okwu, akpuci'''; — Bondon; s.&lt;br&gt;
Bunk; — '''Akwamgbo'''; — Alcôve; s.&lt;br&gt;
Buntings; — '''Akwa-ufe'''; — Chiffons; s.&lt;br&gt;
Burden; — '''Ibu'''; — Fardeau; s.&lt;br&gt;
— '''Bu-ibu'''; — Charger; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Burg; — '''Obodo, obwe, ani'''; — Bourg; s.&lt;br&gt;
Burgher; — '''Onye-ani'''; — Châtelain; s.&lt;br&gt;
Burglar; — '''Onye-nkwa-uno, opi-nçici'''; — Voleur de nuit; s.&lt;br&gt;
Burgomaster; — '''Onye-ikpe, eze-ikpe'''; — Bourgmestre; s.&lt;br&gt;
Burial; — '''Onini, akwamoza, akwakwà'''; — Obsèques; s.&lt;br&gt;
Burlesque; — '''Di-amu, di-ikpa-amu'''; — Burlesque; adj.&lt;br&gt;
— '''Ikpa-amu'''; — s.&lt;br&gt;
Burliness; — '''Okpi, ogbe'''; — Grosseur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Burly; — '''Di-okpi'''; — Corpulent-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category:Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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Durability; — Ito-ototo; — Duree; s. 

Durable (tobe); — To; — Durer; v. n. 

Durance; — Itinye na ng-a; — Captivite; s. 

Duress; — Nnyado, nmdo; — Captivite; s. 

During; — OgronogH); — Durant; prep. 

Dusk; — Mg*bede, Uruluci; — Obscurite; s. 

Dust; — Etum; Tica; — Poussiere; s. epousseter; v. a. 

Dusty; — Di-etum; — Poudreux-se ; adj. • 

Duty; — Utu, utu-eg-o; — Devoir, dette; s. 

Dwarf; — Akakpo, akanri; — Nam; s. 

Dwarfish; — Di-akakpo; ■ — Nain, rabougri; adj. 

Dwell; — Bi, Wli; — Demeurer; v. n. 

Dwelling; — Uno, obi; — Demeure; s. 

Dwindle; — Benata, de, dafu; — Dechoir; v. n. 

Dye; — Yidji, yig&quot;bu, yi; — Teindre; v. a. 

Dyeing; — Nyigltni, nyidji; — Teinture; s. 

Dying; — Onwunwu; — Mort, deces; s. 

Dysentery; — Onyi; — Dyssenterie; s. 

E 

Eager (to be); — Ma aru-nni, makalikali; — Etre ardent; v. n. 

Eagerly; — jV'imakalikali; — Ardemment; adv. 

Eagerness; — I makalikali ; — Ardeur; s. 

Eagle; — Ugo; — Aigle; s. 

Eagless; — Nwunye ug-o; — Aigle femelle; s. 

Eaglet; — Olbele ug-o, ug-onta; — Aiglon; s. 

Ear; — M, oko; — Oreille; s. 

Earless; — En we nti, adinti; — Sans oreilles; adj. 

Earliness, early; — Gbo; — Precocite; s. tot; adv. 

Earn; — Luta, kpata; — Gagner; v. a. 

Earnest; — Di-ucu; — Applique, fervent; adj. 

Earnestness; — Idi-ucu, ig'bado-anya; — Application; s. 

Earth; — Ani, uwa, olbodo; Kpube adja; — Terre; s. Eecouvrir 

Earthen; — Adja, ulo; — De terre; adj. [de terre; v. a.] 

Ease; — IzuPike, nwayo; — Aise, commodite; s. 

Easily; — Na nwayo; — A l'aise; adv. 

East; — Iru-awu; — Orient, est; s. 

Eastern; — Iru-awu; — D'est, de Test; adj. 

[[Category:igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>1333067</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:58:09Z</timestamp>
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        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>951142</id>
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{{Rule}}
Drum; — '''Ti-egwu, ku-ekwe'''; — Tambouriner; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Drunkard; — '''Olakomanya, Olakamanya'''; — Ivrogne; s.&lt;br&gt;
Drunkenness; — '''Ilakomanya'''; — Ivrognerie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dry; — '''Okponku; Çekpo, kpo'''; — Sécheresse; s. Dessécher; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Dryness; — '''Okponku'''; — Sécheresse; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dual; — '''Nabo'''; — Double; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Dub; — '''Manzede'''; — Etre fait chef; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Dubious; — '''Di-itu-uçe'''; — Douteux-se; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Dubitously; — '''N’itu-uçe'''; — Douteusement; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Dubiousness; — '''Itu-uçe'''; — Doute, incertitude; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dubitation; — '''Obogwu; Su (na mili)'''; — Canard; s. Plonger; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Duckling; — '''Nwa obogwu'''; — Caneton; s.&lt;br&gt;
Duct; — '''Uzomili, ulolo'''; — Chenal; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dudgeon; — '''Obele igbe'''; — Dissension; s.&lt;br&gt;
Duds; — '''Akwa-oqye, akwa-gbo'''; — Guenilles; s.&lt;br&gt;
Duenna; — '''Agadi nwanyi'''; — Vieille femme; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dug; — '''Ala, ala-anu'''; — Mamelle, pis; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dulcet; — '''Di-uso'''; — Doux-ce; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dulcification; — '''Ime k’ife di uso'''; — Edulcoration; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dulcify; — '''Me k’ife di uso'''; — Edulcorer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Dull; — '''Di-ure, di-nsokwu, di-nkpu'''; — Obtus, émoussé; adj.&lt;br&gt;
— '''Mekpu, kpunko'''; — Emousser; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Dullard; — '''Onye-nsokwu'''; — Lourdaud; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dullness; — '''Idi-nsokwu, nsokwu'''; — Stupidité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dumb; — '''Ogbi, di-ogbi'''; — Muet-te; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Dumbly; — '''N’ogbi'''; — Silencieusement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Dumbness; — '''Ogbi, idi-ogbi'''; — Mutisme; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dummy; — '''Ogbi, onye-ogbi'''; — Muet; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dumpish; — '''Ne-okwu, di-nsokwu'''; — Morne, triste; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Dumpsy; — '''Nsukwu usu, di-nsukwu usu'''; — Trapu-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Dun; — '''Odji; fye-ugwo'''; — Brun-e; adj. Importuner; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Dunce; — '''Onye-nkwukwu; onye-nsokwu'''; — Sot, lourdaud; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dung; — '''Nsi'''; — Excrément; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dungeon; — '''Uno-nga, nga'''; — Cachot; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dupe; — '''Laputa, lafu'''; — Duper; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Duple; — '''Nmadji nabo'''; — Double; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Duplicate; — '''Nmadji-ebwa'''; — Doubler; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Duplication; — '''Imadji-ebwa'''; — Duplication; s.&lt;br&gt;
Duplicity; — '''Ikwu-onu-nabo'''; — Duplicité; s.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category:Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <id>1333068</id>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:58:24Z</timestamp>
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        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>951142</id>
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{{Rule}}
Drum; — '''Ti-egwu, ku-ekwe'''; — Tambouriner; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Drunkard; — '''Olakomanya, Olakamanya'''; — Ivrogne; s.&lt;br&gt;
Drunkenness; — '''Ilakomanya'''; — Ivrognerie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dry; — '''Okponku; Çekpo, kpo'''; — Sécheresse; s. Dessécher; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Dryness; — '''Okponku'''; — Sécheresse; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dual; — '''Nabo'''; — Double; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Dub; — '''Manzede'''; — Etre fait chef; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Dubious; — '''Di-itu-uçe'''; — Douteux-se; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Dubitously; — '''N’itu-uçe'''; — Douteusement; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Dubiousness; — '''Itu-uçe'''; — Doute, incertitude; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dubitation; — '''Obogwu; Su (na mili)'''; — Canard; s. Plonger; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Duckling; — '''Nwa obogwu'''; — Caneton; s.&lt;br&gt;
Duct; — '''Uzomili, ulolo'''; — Chenal; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dudgeon; — '''Obele igbe'''; — Dissension; s.&lt;br&gt;
Duds; — '''Akwa-oqye, akwa-gbo'''; — Guenilles; s.&lt;br&gt;
Duenna; — '''Agadi nwanyi'''; — Vieille femme; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dug; — '''Ala, ala-anu'''; — Mamelle, pis; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dulcet; — '''Di-uso'''; — Doux-ce; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dulcification; — '''Ime k’ife di uso'''; — Edulcoration; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dulcify; — '''Me k’ife di uso'''; — Edulcorer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Dull; — '''Di-ure, di-nsokwu, di-nkpu'''; — Obtus, émoussé; adj.&lt;br&gt;
— '''Mekpu, kpunko'''; — Emousser; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Dullard; — '''Onye-nsokwu'''; — Lourdaud; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dullness; — '''Idi-nsokwu, nsokwu'''; — Stupidité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dumb; — '''Ogbi, di-ogbi'''; — Muet-te; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Dumbly; — '''N’ogbi'''; — Silencieusement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Dumbness; — '''Ogbi, idi-ogbi'''; — Mutisme; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dummy; — '''Ogbi, onye-ogbi'''; — Muet; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dumpish; — '''Ne-okwu, di-nsokwu'''; — Morne, triste; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Dumpsy; — '''Nsukwu usu, di-nsukwu usu'''; — Trapu-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Dun; — '''Odji; fye-ugwo'''; — Brun-e; adj. Importuner; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Dunce; — '''Onye-nkwukwu; onye-nsokwu'''; — Sot, lourdaud; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dung; — '''Nsi'''; — Excrément; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dungeon; — '''Uno-nga, nga'''; — Cachot; s.&lt;br&gt;
Dupe; — '''Laputa, lafu'''; — Duper; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Duple; — '''Nmadji nabo'''; — Double; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Duplicate; — '''Nmadji-ebwa'''; — Doubler; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Duplication; — '''Imadji-ebwa'''; — Duplication; s.&lt;br&gt;
Duplicity; — '''Ikwu-onu-nabo'''; — Duplicité; s.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category:Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <ns>104</ns>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Bigkotech</username>
        <id>955363</id>
      </contributor>
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{{Rule}}                                                            
Impenetrable; — '''N’adiro-nrapu;''' — Impénétrable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Impenetrably; — '''N’adigh’nrapu;''' — Impénétrablement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Impenitence; — '''Obi-ike, enwegh’nlogha;''' — Impénitence; s.&lt;br&gt;
Impenitent; — '''N’enwero-nlogha;''' — Impénitent-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Impenitently; — '''N’enwegh’nlogha, n’edigh’nlogha;''' — En impénitent; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Imperative; — '''Di-onu-ike;''' — Impératif-ve; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Imperatively; — '''N’onu-ike;''' — Impérieusement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Imperceptible; — '''N’adiro-nmata;''' — Imperceptible; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Imperceptibleness; — '''Adigh’nmata;''' — Imperceptibilité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Imperceptibly; — '''N’adigh’nmata;''' — Imperceptiblement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Imperfect; — '''Nezuro-oke;''' — Imparfait-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Imperfection; — '''Ezugh’oke;''' — Imperfection; s.&lt;br&gt;
Imperfectly; — '''N’ezugh’oke;''' — Imparfaitement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Imperforable; — '''N’adiro-nghupu;''' — Qu’on ne peut perforer; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Imperious; — '''Di-onu-ike, di-ngala;''' — Impérieux-se; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Imperiously; — '''N’onu-ike, na-ngala;''' — Impérieusement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Imperishable; — '''N’adiro-man’iyi;''' — Impérissable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Imperishableness; — '''Idigh’nian’iyi;''' — Impérissabilité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Imperturbable; — '''N’adiro-nsogbu;''' — Imperturbable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Impiety; — '''Atugh’egwu C̣ukwu;''' — Impiété; s.&lt;br&gt;
Impious; — '''N’ada-atu-egwu C̣ukwu;''' — Impie; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Impiously; — '''N’atugh’egwu C̣ukwu;''' — Avec impiété; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Implacability; — '''Adigh’mgbota;''' — Implacabilité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Implacable; — '''N’adiro-mgbota;''' — Implacable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Implacably; — '''N’adigh’mgbota;''' — Implacablement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Implant; — '''Kunye;''' — Implanter; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Implantation; — '''Nkúnye, ikúnye;''' — Implantation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Implead; — '''Welu d’ije n’ikpe;''' — Poursuivre en justice; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Implement; — '''Ife-olu, aya;''' — Ustensile; s.&lt;br&gt;
Impletion; — '''Udju, mmedju;''' — Plénitude; s.&lt;br&gt;
Implicate; — '''Gugbunye, tigbunye;''' — Impliquer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Implication; — '''Ngugbunye, ntigbunye;''' — Implication; s.&lt;br&gt;
Implore; — '''Yo, kpoku;''' — Implorer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Impoison; — '''Nye-ogwu, nye-oraci;''' — Empoisonner; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Imponderous; — '''N’adiro-alo;''' — Impondérable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Important; — '''Amala-afaya, di-alo;''' — Important-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Importune; — '''Gwasi-ike, yosi-ike;''' — Importuner; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Imposable; — '''Di-ntukwasi;''' — Obligatoire; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Impose; — '''Tukwasi, lafu, laputa;''' — Imposer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Imposition; — '''Utkawasi, nlaputa;''' — Imposition; s.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category: Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/135</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
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        <username>Bigkotech</username>
        <id>955363</id>
      </contributor>
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{{Rule}}                                                         
Impute; — '''Bo, gu, gunye;''' — Imputer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
In; — '''Na, n’ime; Nime;''' — Dans; prép; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Inability; — '''Ike-adigho, adigh’ike;''' — Inhabileté; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inaccessability; — '''Adigh’olulu;''' — Inaccessibilité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inaccessible; — '''N’adiro-olulu;''' — Inaccessible; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inaction; — '''Inodu, ididu, inonkiti, ofumagbe;''' — Inaction; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inadvertence; — '''Inegha-anya, iwegha-anya;''' — Inadvertance; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inadvertently; — '''N’inegha-anya;''' — Par inadvertance; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Inane; — '''Nkiti, di-ofulo;''' — Vide; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inanimate; — '''N’enwero-ndu, n’adiro-ndu;''' — Inanimé-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inanition; — '''Idi-ufolo, idi-nkiti;''' — Inanition; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inasmuch (as); — '''Ebe nebe, dika, ka;''' — Autant que; prép.&lt;br&gt;
Inattention; — '''Iwegha-anya, inegha-anya;''' — Inattention; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inattentively; — '''N’iwegha-anya;''' — Inattentivement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Inaugurate; — '''Ma-nzele, bunye-nzele;''' — Inaugurer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Inauguration; — '''Ima-nzele, ibu-nzele;''' — Inauguration; s.&lt;br&gt;
Incalculable; — '''Agugha’onu, n’adiro iguta-onu;''' — Incalculable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Incantation; — '''Anwansi, utangba, amosu;''' — Incantation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Incapability; — '''Adigh’ike, enwegh’ike;''' — Incapabilité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Incapable; — '''N’adiro-ike, n’enwero-ike;''' — Incapable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Incapacities; — '''N’adiro-mbala, n’eforo-irii;''' — Borné, peu capable; s.&lt;br&gt;
Incapacitate; — '''Megwu-ike;''' — Rendre incapable; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Incapacity; — '''Adigh’ike, enwegh’ike;''' — Incapacité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Incarcerate; — '''Tinye-na-nga, tinye n’uno-nga;''' — Incarcérer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Incarceration; — '''Itinye-na-nga;''' — Incarcération; s.&lt;br&gt;
Incarnate; — '''Yili-aru, wolu-aru;''' — Donner un corps à; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Incarnation; — '''Iyili-aru, iwolu-aru;''' — Incarnation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Incase; — '''Tinye n’akpati;''' — Encaisser; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Incatenation; — '''Nsoko, ngosi;''' — Enchaînement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Incautions; — '''N’adiro-ize, n’enwero-ize;''' — Imprudent-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Incautiously; — '''N’enwegh’ize n’adiro-ize;''' — Imprudemment; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Incautiousness; — '''Enwegh’ize, adigh’ize;''' — Imprudence; s.&lt;br&gt;
Incavated; — '''Ewolu ugbo, adolu-ukologwu;''' — Creusé-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Incavation; — '''Ugbo, ukologwu;''' — Excavation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Incendiary; — '''Osu-oku, osu-uno, onye-nlaneye;''' — Incendiaire; s.&lt;br&gt;
Incense; — '''Kpasu-iwe, kpasu;''' — Irriter; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Incense; — '''Isi-uno, isi-di-uno;''' — Encens; s.&lt;br&gt;
Incentive; — '''Ife-nlaneye;''' — Stimulant; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inception; — '''Isi-mbido, mbido;''' — Commencement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Incessancy; — '''Ebegbehe;''' — Continuité; s.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category: Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/137</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
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        <username>10kdollz</username>
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{{Rule}}                                            
Incorrupt; — '''N’eleru-ule'''; — Non corrompu; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Incorruptible; — '''N’adiro-ule-ule, n’ada-ele-ule'''; — Incorruptible; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Incorruption; — '''Elegh’ule'''; — Incorruption; s.&lt;br&gt;
Increase; — '''Ba, so, bu, wanye'''; — Faire croître; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Incredibility; — '''Adigh’okwekwè'''; — Incroyable; s.&lt;br&gt;
Incredible; — '''N’adiro-okwekwè'''; — Incroyable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Incredibly; — '''N’adigh’okwekwè'''; — Incroyablement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Incredulous; — '''N’ada-ekwe-ekwe, di-nlulu-uka'''; — Incrédule; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Increment; — '''Nwanwe, uba'''; — Augmentation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Incrustation; — '''Akiliko'''; — Incrustation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Incubate; — '''Kpulu, makpulu (n’akwa)'''; — Couver; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Incubation; — '''Ikpulu n’akwa'''; — Incubation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inculpable; — '''N’adiro-uta, n’adiro ita-uta'''; — Inculpable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inculpate; — '''Ta-uta, kpo'''; — Inculper; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Incur; — '''Bulu, bu'''; — Encourir; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Incurable; — '''N’adiro-ozovo, n’adiro-izota'''; — Incurable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Incurably; — '''N’adigh’izota'''; — Incurablement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Incursion; — '''Ovwawa'''; — Incursion; s.&lt;br&gt;
Incurvate; — '''Lo, logo; Di-nlogo'''; — Courber; v. a. Courbé-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Incurvation; — '''Nnyago, nlogo'''; — Courbure; s.&lt;br&gt;
Incurve; — '''Lo, logo, nya, nyago'''; — Courber; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Incurvity; — '''Ngiligo, nnyago'''; — Inflexion; s.&lt;br&gt;
Indebted; — '''Dji-ugwo, li-ugwo'''; — Endetté-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Indebtedness; — '''Idji-ugwo, ili-ugwo'''; — Dettes; s.&lt;br&gt;
Indecency; — '''Ile-n’ekwesiro-ekwesi'''; — Indécence; s.&lt;br&gt;
Indecent; — '''N’etoro, n’ekwesiro, n’efuluro'''; — Indécent-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Indeed; — '''Ezie, n’ezie-okwu'''; — En vérité; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Indefatigable; — '''Ike-n’ada’agwu, ike-agwugh'''; — Infatigable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Indefatigably; — '''N’ike-agwugh'''; — Sans fatigue; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Indefeasible; — '''N’adiro-nmeli'''; — Inaliénable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Indefensible; — '''N’adiro-igba-ogu, n’adiro-ozovo'''; — Insoutenable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Indefinite; — '''An’akporo-afa, n’ekuro-afa'''; — Indéfini; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Indefinitely; — '''N’ekugh’afa'''; — D’une manière indéfinie; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Indefiniteness; — '''Ekugh’afa, akpogh’afa, asogh’afa'''; — Indéfini; s.&lt;br&gt;
Indelible; — '''N’adiro-nficapu'''; — Ineffaçable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Indelibly; — '''N’adigh’nficapu'''; — Ineffaçablement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Indenture; — '''Agba'''; — Contrat; s.&lt;br&gt;
Indescribable; — '''N’adiro-akoko, n’enwero-akoko'''; — Indescriptible; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Indestructible; — '''N’enwero-mbili, n’adiro-mbili'''; — Indestructible; adj.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category: Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/139</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449458</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333053</id>
      <parentid>1332998</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:42:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bigkotech</username>
        <id>955363</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Validated */</comment>
      <origin>1333053</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2753" sha1="ixkdlsuvclkch5r3d3vbu9iyrir01ly" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;Bigkotech&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{rh|132|Ind-Ine}}
{{Rule}}
Industrious; — '''Di ucu;''' — Industriux-se; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Industriously; — '''N’ueu;''' — Industrieusement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Industry; — '''Ucu, ieu-ucu;''' — Industrie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Indwelling; — '''Ibi n’ime; nke bi n’ime;''' — Intérieur-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inebriate; — '''Meka manya gbue; olamanya, otutu-manya;''' — &lt;br&gt;
{Enivrer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
{Enivrement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inebriation; — '''Manya-ogbugbu, otutu-manya;''' — Enivrement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ineffable; — '''N’adiro-okwukwu, nyili-okwukwu;''' — Ineffable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Ineffableness; — '''Adigh’okwukwu;''' — Ineffabilité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ineffably; — '''N’adigh’okwukwu;''' — Ineffablement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Ineffaceable; — '''N’adiro-nficapu, n’adiro-nmecapu;''' — Ineffaçable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Ineffective; — '''N’erolo-elo, n’adiro-ile;''' — Inefficace; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Ineffectually; — '''N’adigh’ile, n’eloghi-elo;''' — Inefficacement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Inefficacious; — '''N’erolo-elo, n’adiro-ile;''' — Inefficace; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inefficacy; — '''Adigh’ile eloghi’elo;''' — Inefficacité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inefficiently; — '''N’adigh’ile, na nkiti;''' — Inefficacement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Inept; — '''N’etoro-eto;''' — Inepte; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inequality; — '''Adigh’nramanya;''' — Inégalité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inert; — '''Di-obo, di-ure;''' — Inerte; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inertness; — '''Idi-obo, idi-ure, obo, ure;''' — Inertie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inertly; — '''N’obo, n’ure;''' — D’une manière inerte; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Inestimable; — '''N’enwero-onu-afya;''' — Inestimable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inestimably; — '''N’enweghi’onu afya;''' — Inestimablement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Inevitable; — '''N’adiro-nzeta, n’adiro-ozeze;''' — Inévitable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inexact; — '''N’ezuro, ezu;''' — Inexact-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inexactness; — '''Ezugh’ezu;''' — Inexactitude; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inexcusable; — '''N’adiro-agogo;''' — Inexcusable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inexcusableness; — '''Adigh’agogo;''' — Qualité de ce qui est inexcusable; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inexcusably; — '''N’adigh’agogo;''' — Inexcusablement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Inexecution; — '''Emegh’eme;''' — Inexécution; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inexhausted; — '''N’agwuro-agwu;''' — Inépuisé-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inexhaustible; — '''N’adiro-agwu;''' — Inépuisable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inexistence; — '''Adigh’ndu;''' — Non-existence; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inexistent; — '''N’adiro-ndu;''' — Non-existent-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inexpediency; — '''Etogh’eto, ekwesigh’ekwesi;''' — Inopportunité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inexpedient; — '''N’etoro-eto;''' — Inopportun-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inexpert; — '''N’adiro-nka;''' — Inhabile; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inexplicable; — '''N’adiro-mmeya;''' — Inexplicable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inexpressible; — '''N’adiro-okwukwu;''' — Inexprimable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category:Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/143</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449460</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333055</id>
      <parentid>1333000</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:44:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bigkotech</username>
        <id>955363</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Validated */</comment>
      <origin>1333055</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2839" sha1="cop5vnnc7u6xljagwhbodslgmgoud05" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;Bigkotech&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{rh|136|Ins-Ins}}
{{Rule}}
Insane; — '''Isi n’ezuro-oke, anya n’adiro nma'''; — Insensé-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Insanely; — '''N’anya n’adigh’nma, n’isi n’ezugh’oke'''; — En insensé; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Insanity; — '''Anya adigh’nma, isi-ezugh’oke'''; — Folie démente; s.&lt;br&gt;
Insatiable; — '''N’adiro-oghogbo'''; — Insatiable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Insatiableness; — '''Adigh’ogbogbo'''; — Insatiabilité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Insatiably; — '''N’adigh’ogbogbo'''; — Insatiablement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Insatiate; — '''N’egboro-mkpa, n’edjuro-afo'''; — Insatiable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Insatiety; — '''Adigh’ogbogbo'''; — Insatiabilité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inscribable; — '''Di-ndekwazi'''; — Qui peut s’inscrire; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inscribe; — '''Dekwasi'''; — Inscrire; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Inscription; — '''Ndekwasi, efe-edikwasi-li-edekwasi'''; — Inscription; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inscrutability; — '''Adigh’ncota'''; — Qualité de ce qui est inscrutable; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inscrutable; — '''N’adiro-ncota'''; — Inscrutable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Insect; — '''Aruru'''; — Insecte; s.&lt;br&gt;
Insectivorous; — '''N’eli-aruru'''; — Insectivore; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Insensate; — '''Di-nsokwu'''; — Insensé; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inseparable; — '''N’adiro-nwesa, n’adiro-nserapu'''; — Inséparable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Inseparableness; — '''Adigh’nserapu, adigh’nwesa'''; — Union intime; s.&lt;br&gt;
Insert; — '''Tinye, tigwanye'''; — Insérer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Insertion; — '''Ntinye, ntigwanye'''; — Insertion; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inside; — '''Ime'''; — Intérieur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Insidious; — '''Di-nlafu, di-nlaputa'''; — Insidieux-se; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Insidiously; — '''Na nlafu, na nlaputa'''; — Insidieusement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Insignia; — '''Ife-ebube'''; — Insignes; s.&lt;br&gt;
Insignificance; — '''Adigh’nukwu, enweghi-afa'''; — Nature insignifiante; s.&lt;br&gt;
Insignificant; — '''N’enwero-afa, anamaro-afaya'''; — Insignifiant-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Insincere; — '''N’adiro-ezi-okwu, di-asi, di-aghoho'''; — Non-sincère; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Insincerely; — '''N’aghoho, n’asi'''; — Non-sincèrement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Insipid; — '''Osi, di-osi'''; — Insipide; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Insipidity; — '''Osi, idi-osi'''; — Insipidité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Insipidly; — '''N’osi'''; — Insipidement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Insist; — '''Kwu si-ike, nyado, bodo'''; — Insister; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Insnare; — '''Ma'''; — Prendre au piège; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Insobriety; — '''Ihakamanaya, adigh’anya-udo'''; — Intempérance; s.&lt;br&gt;
Insociable; — '''N’adiro-ukpa, n’enwero-ukpa'''; — Insociable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Insolence; — '''Ngala, nitu-aruru'''; — Insolence; s.&lt;br&gt;
Insolent; — '''Di-ngala, nitu-aruru'''; — Insolent-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Insolently; — '''Na ngala, n’itu-aruru'''; — Insolemment; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Insolubility; — '''Adigh’ngbaze'''; — Insolubilité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Insoluble; — '''N’adiro-mgbaze'''; — Insoluble; adj.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category: Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/145</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449461</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333056</id>
      <parentid>1333003</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:44:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bigkotech</username>
        <id>955363</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Validated */</comment>
      <origin>1333056</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2681" sha1="hpz0c971uufwu1ablv5x0970j0rt2ye" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;Bigkotech&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{rh|138|Ins-Int}}
{{Rule}}
Insupportable; — '''N’adiro nando, n’adiro nzado'''; — Insupportable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Insupportably; — '''N’adigh’nzado'''; — Insupportablement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Insuppressible; — '''N’adiro mbido, n’adiro mbida'''; — Ineffaçable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Insurmountable; — '''N’adiro meli'''; — Insurmontable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Integument; — '''Nkpkpi'''; — Tégument; s.&lt;br&gt;
Intellect, intelligence; — '''Uçe, nghota'''; — Intelligence; s.&lt;br&gt;
Intelligent; — '''Di-uçe, nwee-uçe'''; — Intelligent-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Intelligible; — '''Di-nghota'''; — Intelligible; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Intemperance; — '''Ihakamanaya'''; — Intempérance; s.&lt;br&gt;
Intend; — '''Zube, lo'''; — Prétendre; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Intention; — '''Izuzu'''; — Intention; s.&lt;br&gt;
Intentionally; — '''Maluma'''; — Intentionnellement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Inter; — '''Ni, nie'''; — Enterrer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Intercept; — '''Gbabido, nobido, ghobido'''; — Intercepter; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Interception; — '''Mgbabido, nghobido'''; — Interception; s.&lt;br&gt;
Interchange; — '''Gha, gbagha'''; — Echanger; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Interchangeable; — '''Di-mgbagha'''; — Qu’on echange; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Interchangeably; — '''Na mgbagha'''; — Mutuellement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Intercourse; — '''Nmeko, ndjeko'''; — Rapport, relation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Interdict; — '''So so nso; nso ife nso'''; — Interdire; v. a.-interdit; s.&lt;br&gt;
Interdiction; — '''Iso nso'''; — Interdiction; s.&lt;br&gt;
Interest; — '''Petu; Mpetu, ele'''; — Intérêt; v. a.-intérêt; s.&lt;br&gt;
Interior; — '''Ime, nk’ime'''; — Intérieur-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Interlace; — '''Tigwanye, tigwanyelu'''; — Entremêler; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Interlink; — '''Soko, zoko'''; — Enchaîner; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Interment; — '''Omini'''; — Enterrement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Interminable; — '''N’adiro ndjedebe, n’adiro obebe'''; — Interminable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Intermix; — '''Tigwa, gwa'''; — Entremêler; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Intermixture; — '''Ntigwa, ogwa'''; — Mélange; s.&lt;br&gt;
Internal; — '''Ime, nk’ime'''; — Interne; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Internally; — '''N’ime, nk’ime'''; — Intérieurement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Interpolate; — '''Tigwanye'''; — Interpoler; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Interpolation; — '''Ntigwanye'''; — Interpolation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Interposal; — '''Nfieçi, nfieçita'''; — Intervention; s.&lt;br&gt;
Interpose; — '''Fieçi, fieçita, tobecie'''; — Intervenir; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Interposition; — '''Nfieçi'''; — Interposition; s.&lt;br&gt;
Interrogate; — '''Dju, djua'''; — Interroger; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Interrogation; — '''Adjudju'''; — Interrogation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Interrogator; — '''Onye-adjudju'''; — Interrogateur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Interrupt; — '''Gocili, goci, ke'''; — Interrompre; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category: Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/147</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449462</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333058</id>
      <parentid>1333007</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:45:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bigkotech</username>
        <id>955363</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Validated */</comment>
      <origin>1333058</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2602" sha1="0cb1sasa4cui6to1kn5h04vblem44vd" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;Bigkotech&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{rh|140|Inv-Inv}}
{{Rule}}
Intrinsic; — '''Ime, nk’ime, ezi;''' — Intrinsèque; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Intrinsically; — '''N’ime, nk’ime;''' — Intrinsèquement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Introduce; — '''Weta, weputa, webata, kpobata;''' — Introduire; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Introduction; — '''Nweputa, nkpobata, nwebata;''' — Introduction; s.&lt;br&gt;
Introspection; — '''Onyonyo, inenyenya;''' — Examen à l’intérieur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Introvert; — '''Ghanye, ghabanye;''' — Tourner en dedans; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Intrude; — '''Sifanye, kpafanye;''' — S’introduire par force; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Intrusion; — '''Nsifanye, nkpafanye;''' — Intrusion; s.&lt;br&gt;
Intrust; — '''Rinye, rinyelu;''' — Confier; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Intwist; — '''Fi, tufi;''' — Enlacer; v.&lt;br&gt;
Intimity; — '''Elogh’elo;''' — Intimité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Invade; — '''Wa, vaba, manye;''' — Envahir; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Invader; — '''Owa, onye-manye;''' — Envahisseur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Invalid; — '''Di-nlo, n’adiro-ike, nkiti;''' — Invalide; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Invalidate; — '''Nwu-aru, do-ifenkiti;''' — Invalider; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Invalidity; — '''Adighi ike, nkiti;''' — Invalidité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Invaluable; — '''N’enwero onu;''' — Inappréciable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Invariable; — '''N’enwero ugha, n’adiro ugha;''' — Invariable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Invariableness; — '''Adigh’ugha;''' — Invariabilité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Invariably; — '''N’adigh ugha;''' — Invariablement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Invasion; — '''Owwawa;''' — Invasion; s.&lt;br&gt;
Invective; — '''Okwu akumonu;''' — Invective; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inveigh; — '''Koso-onu, kpea;''' — Invectiver; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Inveigher; — '''Oko onu, onye nkọça;''' — Insulteur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inveigle; — '''Lafu, laputa;''' — Séduire; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Inveigler; — '''Onye laputa;''' — Séducteur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Invent; — '''Zuputa, weputa;''' — Inventer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Invention; — '''Nzuputa;''' — Invention; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inventor; — '''Onye-nzuputa;''' — Inventeur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inversion; — '''Ugha, nweegha;''' — Inversion; s.&lt;br&gt;
Invert; — '''Gha, gha-isi dọgha;''' — Intervertir; r. a.&lt;br&gt;
Inverted; — '''Aghalu agha;''' — Interverti; p. p.&lt;br&gt;
Invest; — '''Yibe akwa, gbobe akwa;''' — Revêtir; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Investigate; — '''Nyocha, bosa;''' — Rechercher; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Investigation; — '''Nnyocha, mbosa;''' — Investigation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Investigator; — '''Onye mbosa;''' — Investigateur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Investment; — '''Akwa afe;''' — Habillement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Inveterate; — '''Okwe, di-okpu;''' — Invétéré-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Invidiously; — '''N’iwe nkiti;''' — Avec envie; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Invigorate; — '''Nye-ike;''' — Fortifier; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category:Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>0cb1sasa4cui6to1kn5h04vblem44vd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/149</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449463</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333030</id>
      <parentid>1332769</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:17:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>951142</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1333030</origin>
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{{Rule}}
Irresistibly; — '''N’adigh’nmanye;''' — Irrésistiblement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Irresolute; — '''N’adiro ike (n’uçe);''' — Irrésolu-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Irresolution; — '''Adighi ike (n’uçe);''' — Irrésolution; s.&lt;br&gt;
Irreverence; — '''Enwegh nsopulu;''' — Irrévérence; s.&lt;br&gt;
Irreverent; — '''N’enwero nsopulu;''' — Irrévérent-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Irreversible; — '''N’adiro-nwegha, n’enwero-ndogha;''' — Irrévocable;&lt;br&gt;
Irrevocable; — '''N’adiro-nkpogigha;''' — Irrévocable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Irrevocably; — '''N’akpogighagh’azu;''' — Irrévocablement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Irrigate; — '''Kwowusa-mili, fe-mili;''' — Irriguer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Irrigation; — '''Kwowusa-mili, ofefe-mili;''' — Irrigation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Irrigious; — '''Di-mili;''' — Arrosé-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Irritability; — '''Idi-nkpasu;''' — Irritabilité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Irritable; — '''Di-nkpasu;''' — Irritable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Irritant; — '''Ife-nkpasu;''' — Irritant; s.&lt;br&gt;
Irritate; — '''Kpasu, mesu;''' — Irriter; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Irritation; — '''Nkpasu, nmesu;''' — Irritation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Irruption; — '''Owwa;''' — Irruption; s.&lt;br&gt;
Israelite; — '''Onye-Israêli;''' — Israelite; s.&lt;br&gt;
Issue; — '''Isi-njedebe, onya, nwa;''' — Issue; s.&lt;br&gt;
It; — '''Ya, ifeafu, nka;''' — Il, lui, cela; pr.&lt;br&gt;
Itch; — '''Agba;''' — Démangeaison; s.&lt;br&gt;
Itinerant; — '''Di-ndjenje;''' — Ambulatoire; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Itinerate; — '''Ga-idje, bje mbja;''' — Voyager; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Itinerary; — '''Okwukwo idje;''' — Itinéraire; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ivory; — '''Odu, eze-enyi;''' — Ivoire; s.&lt;br&gt;
{{C|'''J'''}}

Jabber; — '''Gbabụ okwu igbabu okwu;''' — Jacasser; v. n. bredouillement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Jabberer; — '''Ogbabu okwu;''' — Bredouilleur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Jackanapes; — '''Adaka, ozo;''' — Singe petit maître; s.&lt;br&gt;
Jacket; — '''Nkenke afeazu;''' — Veste; s.&lt;br&gt;
Jade; — '''Anyinya-ikegwulu, nwayi n’elor’elo;''' — Rosse; s.&lt;br&gt;
Jail; — '''Uno-nga;''' — Prison; s.&lt;br&gt;
Jailer; — '''Onye-uno-nga, onye-nce-uno-nga;''' — Géolier; s.&lt;br&gt;
Jam; — '''Bya, kponye;''' — Presser, fouler; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Jangle; — '''Ko onu, se-ekwu;''' — Se quereller; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Jangler; — '''Oko-ono, onye-esemokwu;''' — Disputeur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Janitor; — '''Onye-onu-uzo, oçe-onu-uzo;''' — Portier; s.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category: Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>1333044</id>
      <parentid>1333030</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:36:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bigkotech</username>
        <id>955363</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Validated */</comment>
      <origin>1333044</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2340" sha1="0n96ej62xz11kreg3tl4k80p54m9pkp" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;Bigkotech&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{rh|142|Irr-Jan}}
{{Rule}}
Irresistibly; — '''N’adigh’nmanye;''' — Irrésistiblement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Irresolute; — '''N’adiro ike (n’uçe);''' — Irrésolu-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Irresolution; — '''Adighi ike (n’uçe);''' — Irrésolution; s.&lt;br&gt;
Irreverence; — '''Enwegh nsopulu;''' — Irrévérence; s.&lt;br&gt;
Irreverent; — '''N’enwero nsopulu;''' — Irrévérent-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Irreversible; — '''N’adiro-nwegha, n’enwero-ndogha;''' — Irrévocable;&lt;br&gt;
Irrevocable; — '''N’adiro-nkpogigha;''' — Irrévocable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Irrevocably; — '''N’akpogighagh’azu;''' — Irrévocablement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Irrigate; — '''Kwowusa-mili, fe-mili;''' — Irriguer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Irrigation; — '''Kwowusa-mili, ofefe-mili;''' — Irrigation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Irrigious; — '''Di-mili;''' — Arrosé-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Irritability; — '''Idi-nkpasu;''' — Irritabilité; s.&lt;br&gt;
Irritable; — '''Di-nkpasu;''' — Irritable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Irritant; — '''Ife-nkpasu;''' — Irritant; s.&lt;br&gt;
Irritate; — '''Kpasu, mesu;''' — Irriter; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Irritation; — '''Nkpasu, nmesu;''' — Irritation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Irruption; — '''Owwa;''' — Irruption; s.&lt;br&gt;
Israelite; — '''Onye-Israêli;''' — Israelite; s.&lt;br&gt;
Issue; — '''Isi-njedebe, onya, nwa;''' — Issue; s.&lt;br&gt;
It; — '''Ya, ifeafu, nka;''' — Il, lui, cela; pr.&lt;br&gt;
Itch; — '''Agba;''' — Démangeaison; s.&lt;br&gt;
Itinerant; — '''Di-ndjenje;''' — Ambulatoire; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Itinerate; — '''Ga-idje, bje mbja;''' — Voyager; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Itinerary; — '''Okwukwo idje;''' — Itinéraire; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ivory; — '''Odu, eze-enyi;''' — Ivoire; s.&lt;br&gt;

{{C|'''J'''}}

Jabber; — '''Gbabụ okwu igbabu okwu;''' — Jacasser; v. n. bredouillement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Jabberer; — '''Ogbabu okwu;''' — Bredouilleur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Jackanapes; — '''Adaka, ozo;''' — Singe petit maître; s.&lt;br&gt;
Jacket; — '''Nkenke afeazu;''' — Veste; s.&lt;br&gt;
Jade; — '''Anyinya-ikegwulu, nwayi n’elor’elo;''' — Rosse; s.&lt;br&gt;
Jail; — '''Uno-nga;''' — Prison; s.&lt;br&gt;
Jailer; — '''Onye-uno-nga, onye-nce-uno-nga;''' — Géolier; s.&lt;br&gt;
Jam; — '''Bya, kponye;''' — Presser, fouler; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Jangle; — '''Ko onu, se-ekwu;''' — Se quereller; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Jangler; — '''Oko-ono, onye-esemokwu;''' — Disputeur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Janitor; — '''Onye-onu-uzo, oçe-onu-uzo;''' — Portier; s.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category: Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/151</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449464</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333031</id>
      <parentid>1332770</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:21:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>951142</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>1333031</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
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      <text bytes="2502" sha1="mtbegejmxzwik138902dk5ilp57bv67" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;3&quot; user=&quot;10kdollz&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{rh|144|Joy-Juv}}
{{Rule}}
Joylessness; — '''Enwegh’awuli’adigh’awuli;''' — Tristesse; s.&lt;br&gt;
Joyous; — '''Di-awuli;''' — Joyeux-se; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Joyously; — '''N’awuli;''' — Joyeusement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Joyousness; — '''Idi awuli, idjupụta n’awuli;''' — Joie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Jubilee; — '''Olili, oge-awuli;''' — Jubilé; s.&lt;br&gt;
Judaical; — '''Nke ndi-djuda;''' — Judaique; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Judaism; — '''Otu ndi-Israeli;''' — Judaisme; s.&lt;br&gt;
Judge; — '''Onye-ikpe, eze-ikpe;''' — Juge; s.&lt;br&gt;
Judgeship; — '''Olu ikpe;''' — Charge de juge; s.&lt;br&gt;
Judgement; — '''Ikpe, ene, nsikwu-uçe;''' — Jugement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Judicatory; — '''Uno-ikpe;''' — Cour de justice; s.&lt;br&gt;
Judicature; — '''Ima-anyà-okwu;''' — Judicature; s.&lt;br&gt;
Judicious; — '''Nwelu-uçe, malu ife;''' — Judicieux-se; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Judiciously; — '''N’amamife, dik’onye mal’ife;''' — Judicieusement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Jug; — '''Odjongo ite;''' — Pot, cruche; s.&lt;br&gt;
Juggle; — '''Me anwansi;''' — Jongler; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Juggler; — '''Anwansi, anwansi dibya;''' — Jongleur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Juggling; — '''Ime anwansi;''' — Jonglerie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Juice; — '''Misi-osisi;''' — Jus, suc; s.&lt;br&gt;
Juiceless; — '''N’enwero mili;''' — Sans jus, sans suc; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Juicy; — '''Idi-mili, ibuso-mili;''' — Juteux-se; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Jumble; — '''Gwa, tigwa; ogwa, ngawangwa;''' — Mélanger v. a. mê-&lt;br&gt;
Jump; — '''Wu, ma; owuwu, amama;''' — Sauter; v. a. saut; s.&lt;br&gt;
Junction; — '''Nfiako, mbuko;''' — Jonction; s.&lt;br&gt;
Juncture; — '''Nfiako, ekpo, mgbe;''' — Jointure; s.&lt;br&gt;
Junk; — '''Takwu-ofya, ndundu;''' — Jonque; s.&lt;br&gt;
Junket; — '''Ife-onu uso;''' — Régal en catimini; s.&lt;br&gt;
Junto; — '''Nukwu-udo, aka-onu;''' — Cabale; s.&lt;br&gt;
Just; — '''Di-ekelesu, kwuloto;''' — Juste; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Justice; — '''Ene, ikpe kwuloto, onye-ikpe;''' — Justice, juge; s.&lt;br&gt;
Justiciary; — '''Onye-ikpe, ezeikpe;''' — Justicier; s.&lt;br&gt;
Justifiable; — '''Di-iralụ-ene, di-ilolo;''' — Justifiable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Justifiably; — '''N’ilolo;''' — Justement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Justification; — '''Ilolo, iralu-ene;''' — Justification; s.&lt;br&gt;
Justify; — '''Ranye-ene, ralu-olo;''' — Justifier; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Justly; — '''N’eko, ekelesu;''' — Justement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Justness; — '''Ekelesu, uzo kwuloto;''' — Justesse; s.&lt;br&gt;
Jut; — '''Sosopu, miputa;''' — S’avancer, être en saillie; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Juvenile; — '''Di nwata, okolobya;''' — Juvénile; adj.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category: Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <revision>
      <id>1333047</id>
      <parentid>1333031</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:37:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bigkotech</username>
        <id>955363</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Validated */</comment>
      <origin>1333047</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2502" sha1="jyvmdo5ewhtcrq8noai8t5243jkx7pf" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;Bigkotech&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;{{rh|144|Joy-Juv}}
{{Rule}}
Joylessness; — '''Enwegh’awuli’adigh’awuli;''' — Tristesse; s.&lt;br&gt;
Joyous; — '''Di-awuli;''' — Joyeux-se; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Joyously; — '''N’awuli;''' — Joyeusement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Joyousness; — '''Idi awuli, idjupụta n’awuli;''' — Joie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Jubilee; — '''Olili, oge-awuli;''' — Jubilé; s.&lt;br&gt;
Judaical; — '''Nke ndi-djuda;''' — Judaique; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Judaism; — '''Otu ndi-Israeli;''' — Judaisme; s.&lt;br&gt;
Judge; — '''Onye-ikpe, eze-ikpe;''' — Juge; s.&lt;br&gt;
Judgeship; — '''Olu ikpe;''' — Charge de juge; s.&lt;br&gt;
Judgement; — '''Ikpe, ene, nsikwu-uçe;''' — Jugement; s.&lt;br&gt;
Judicatory; — '''Uno-ikpe;''' — Cour de justice; s.&lt;br&gt;
Judicature; — '''Ima-anyà-okwu;''' — Judicature; s.&lt;br&gt;
Judicious; — '''Nwelu-uçe, malu ife;''' — Judicieux-se; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Judiciously; — '''N’amamife, dik’onye mal’ife;''' — Judicieusement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Jug; — '''Odjongo ite;''' — Pot, cruche; s.&lt;br&gt;
Juggle; — '''Me anwansi;''' — Jongler; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Juggler; — '''Anwansi, anwansi dibya;''' — Jongleur; s.&lt;br&gt;
Juggling; — '''Ime anwansi;''' — Jonglerie; s.&lt;br&gt;
Juice; — '''Misi-osisi;''' — Jus, suc; s.&lt;br&gt;
Juiceless; — '''N’enwero mili;''' — Sans jus, sans suc; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Juicy; — '''Idi-mili, ibuso-mili;''' — Juteux-se; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Jumble; — '''Gwa, tigwa; ogwa, ngawangwa;''' — Mélanger v. a. mê-&lt;br&gt;
Jump; — '''Wu, ma; owuwu, amama;''' — Sauter; v. a. saut; s.&lt;br&gt;
Junction; — '''Nfiako, mbuko;''' — Jonction; s.&lt;br&gt;
Juncture; — '''Nfiako, ekpo, mgbe;''' — Jointure; s.&lt;br&gt;
Junk; — '''Takwu-ofya, ndundu;''' — Jonque; s.&lt;br&gt;
Junket; — '''Ife-onu uso;''' — Régal en catimini; s.&lt;br&gt;
Junto; — '''Nukwu-udo, aka-onu;''' — Cabale; s.&lt;br&gt;
Just; — '''Di-ekelesu, kwuloto;''' — Juste; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Justice; — '''Ene, ikpe kwuloto, onye-ikpe;''' — Justice, juge; s.&lt;br&gt;
Justiciary; — '''Onye-ikpe, ezeikpe;''' — Justicier; s.&lt;br&gt;
Justifiable; — '''Di-iralụ-ene, di-ilolo;''' — Justifiable; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Justifiably; — '''N’ilolo;''' — Justement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Justification; — '''Ilolo, iralu-ene;''' — Justification; s.&lt;br&gt;
Justify; — '''Ranye-ene, ralu-olo;''' — Justifier; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Justly; — '''N’eko, ekelesu;''' — Justement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Justness; — '''Ekelesu, uzo kwuloto;''' — Justesse; s.&lt;br&gt;
Jut; — '''Sosopu, miputa;''' — S’avancer, être en saillie; v. n.&lt;br&gt;
Juvenile; — '''Di nwata, okolobya;''' — Juvénile; adj.&lt;br&gt;
[[Category: Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <title>Page:English, Igbo and French Dictionary by The Fathers of the Holy Ghost.djvu/300</title>
    <ns>104</ns>
    <id>449536</id>
    <revision>
      <id>1333032</id>
      <parentid>1333025</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-04-03T14:23:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bigkotech</username>
        <id>955363</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Validated */</comment>
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{{Line|5cm}}

Urbane; — '''Di asala'''; — Poli-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Urbanity; — '''Asala, nsala'''; — Urbanité, politesse; s.&lt;br&gt;
Urchin ; '''Nara'''; — Herisson; s.&lt;br&gt;
Urge: — '''Nukpo, rudo'''; — Pousser, presser; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Urgency; — '''Nrudo, nnukpo, unu oku'''; — Urgence; s.&lt;br&gt;
Urgent; — '''Di unu oku'''; — Urgent-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Urgently; '''N’unu oku, nke nnukpo'''; — Avec urgence; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Urine; — '''Mili nkiti, mili utu, mili nta'''; — Urine; s.&lt;br&gt;
Us; — '''Ayi'''; — Nous; pron.&lt;br&gt;
Usage; — '''Omeme, ememe, odinani'''; — Usage; s.&lt;br&gt;
Useful; — '''Di elele, di ulu'''; — Utile: adj.&lt;br&gt;
Usefully; — '''N’elele, nke elele'''; — Utilement, avantageusement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Useless; — '''N’eloro elo, elogh’elo'''; — Sans utilité; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Uselessly; — '''N’eloghelo'''; — Inutilement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Uselessness; — '''Eloghelo'''; — Inutilite; s.&lt;br&gt;
Usher; — '''Onye nkuzi nta'''; — Sous-maitre; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ustion; — '''Ile oku, isule oku, nsule'''; — Cautérisation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Usury; — '''Oke elele, adjo elele'''; — Usure; s.&lt;br&gt;
Ustensil; — '''Arya, aya, ahya?''' — Ustensile; s.&lt;br&gt;
Utmost; — '''Oko'''; — Extréme, dernier: adj.&lt;br&gt;
Utter; — '''Kwu, kwupu'''; — Prononcer, proférer; v. a.&lt;br&gt;
Utterable; — '''Di okwu kwu'''; — Qu’on peut exprimer; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Utterance; — '''Okwu kwu'''; — Prononciation; s.&lt;br&gt;
Utterly; — Nea''', pilikiti'''; — Complétement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Uttermost; — '''Oko, ubebe'''; — Le plus éloigné; adj.&lt;br&gt;
{{rh|center={{Xxx-larger| '''V'''}}}}&lt;br&gt;

Vacancy; — '''Oghele, uzo'''; — Vacance; vide; s.&lt;br&gt;
Vacant; — '''Di oghele, di uzo'''; — Vacant-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Vacuity; — '''Ufolo, nkiti'''; — Vacuité, vide; s.&lt;br&gt;
Vacuous; — '''Di ufolo''';:— Vide; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Vagabond; — '''Oso, onye oso'''; — Vagabond; s.&lt;br&gt;
Vagrancy; — '''Nfughali'''; — Vagabondage; s.&lt;br&gt;
Vainly; — '''Nkiti, na nkiti;''' — Vainement; adv.&lt;br&gt;
Vale; — '''Mgbulugudu, ndalagwugwu'''; — Vallée; s.&lt;br&gt;
Valiant; — '''Dike, di dike, di nkpa;''' — Vaillant-e; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Valid; — '''Di ike;''' — Valide; adj.&lt;br&gt;
Valley; — '''Mgbulugudu, ndalagwugwu'''; — Vallée; s.&lt;br&gt;
Valorous; — '''Dike, di nkpa;''' — Valeureux-se;-adj.&lt;br&gt;
{{rh|left=|right=19*|center=}}
[[Category:Igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <ns>104</ns>
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      <timestamp>2026-04-03T15:08:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>10kdollz</username>
        <id>951142</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Validated */</comment>
      <origin>1333071</origin>
      <model>proofread-page</model>
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      <text bytes="2273" sha1="0stel8wlmv1ak49lfg6xfqddl40ggn9" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;4&quot; user=&quot;10kdollz&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;134 Inf— Inj 

Inform; — €Uva, g-wata; — Informer; v. a. 

Infraction; — Ntiwa, ntikpo; — Infraction; s. [adj.] 

Infrangible; — KPadiro-ntiwa, n'adiro-ntikpo ; — Sans infraction; 
Infrequency; — ldi-uko, uko, ntunye; — Earete; s. 
Infrequent; — Di-uko, n'atnnye-atunye ; — Eare; adj. 
Infringe; — Lu, mebi, tikpo; — Enfreindre; v. a. 
Infringement; — Olulu, nmebi ntikpo; — Infraction: s. 
Infuriate; — Kpasu-iwe, kpasu, lasu; — Eendre furieux; v. a. 
Infuse; — Rnnye, zanye; — Terser; v. a. 
Inf risibility ; — Idi-nrunye, adigli'mg-baze ; — Infusibilite ; 
Infusible; — Di-nrunye, n'adiro-mg-baze; — Infusible; adj. 
Infusion; — Nrunye, mg-banye, mgbaze; — Infusion; s. 
Ingenerate; — Mu nime, mua nime; — Engendrer; v. a. 
Ingenious; — Di-nka, liTrelu-u^e ; — Ingenu-e; adj. 
Ingeniously; — Na-nka, n'inwe-uqe; — Ingenument; adv. 
Ingenuity; — Nka, onwene; — Genie; s. 
Inglorious; — N'adiro, ototo; — Sans gloire; adj. 
Ingratiate; — Go-iru-oma; — Eendre agreable; v. a. 

Ingratitude 

Enwegh'ekene, amag-h'ogo; — Ingratitude: 

s. 

Ingression; — Obaba, mbanye; — Entree; s. 

Ingurgitate; — &lt;xO&lt;?ano, gbano; — Avaler; v. a. 

Inhabit; — Bi, bili; — Habiter; v. a. 

Inhabitable; — Di-obibi; — Habitable; adj. 

Inhabitant; — Onye-obi, onye-bi; — Habitant; s. 

Inhabitation; Obibi; — Habitation; s. 

Inhale; — Kunye, kpo; — Eespirer; v. a. 

Inherit; — Keli, lu-ikwu; — Heriter; v. a. 

Inheritable; — Di-nkeli, di-ilu-ikwu; — Hereditaire ; adj. 

Inheritance; — Ukwu, ekpe; — Heritage; s. 

Inheritor; — Olu-ikwu, oli-oku, oli-ekpe; ■ — Heritier; s. 

Inhibit; — Kara, naciglia; — Arreter; v. a. 

Inhibition; — Nnara, nnacig-ha; — Interdiction; s. 

Inhospitality ; — Enegrh'obiama, eneg-h'obiai; — Inhospitalite : 

Inhuman; — Di-afondjo, di-ag*hala; — Inhumain-e; adj. 

Inhumanity; — Afondjo, ag&quot;hala; — Inhumanite; s. 

Inhumanly; — N'afo-ndjo; — Inhumainement ; adv. 

Inhumation; — Onini; — Inhumation; s. 

Inimical; — N'adiro-uso, di n'ilo; — Hostile; adj. 

Inimically; — N'ilo, n'odjuna, n'adig'h'uso ; — Hostilement; &lt; 

Inimitable; — N'adiro-nnoni ; — Inimitable; adj. 

[[Category:igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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Insane; — Isi n'eznro-oke, anya n'adiro nma; — Insense-e; adj. 

Insanely ; — JTanya n'adig-h'nma, n'isi n'ezug-h'oke; — En insense ; adv. 

Insanity; - Anya adigrh'mna, isi-ezug-h'oke ; — Folie demence; s. 

Insatiable; — N'adiro-og-bog-bo ; — Insatiable; adj. 

Insatiableness; — Adign'og-bog-bo ; — Insatiabilite ; s. 

Insatiably; — N'adig-h'og'bog'bo ; Tnsatiabiement ; adv. 

Insatiate; — N'egboro-nkpa^'edjnro-afo; — Insatiable; adj. 

Insatiety; — Adig-k' og-bogbo; — Insatiabilite; s. 

Inscribable; — Di-ndekwasi; — Qui peut s'inscrire; adj. 

Inscribe; — Dekwasi; — Inscrire; v. a. 

Inscription; — Ndekwasi, efe-edikwasili-edekwasi; — Inscription; s. 

Inscrutability; — Adigh'nqota; — Qualite.de ce qui est inscrutable ; s. 

Inscrutable; — ^Tadiro-nqota; — Inscrutable: adj. 

Insect; — Aruru; — Insecte; s. 

Insectivorous; — N'eli-arurn ; — Insectivore; adj. 

Insensate; — Bi-nsokwu; — Insense; adj. 

Inseparable; — N'adiro ;nwesa, n'adiro-nserapu ; — Inseparable; adj. 

Inseparableness; — Adig'h'nserapu, adig-h'nwesa; — Union intime; s. 

Insert; — Tiniye, tigwanye; — Inserer; v. a. 

Inseition; — Ntinye, ntig-wanye; — Insertion; s. 

Inside; — Ime; — Interieur; s. 

Insidious; — Di-nlafu, di-nlaputa; — Insidieux-se ; adj. 

Insidiously; — Na nlafu, na nlaputa; — Insidieusement; adv. 

Insignia; — Ife-ebube; — Insignes; s. 

Insignificance ; — Adigh'nukwii, enwegh'afa; — Nature insignifiante; s. 

Insignificant; — N'enwero-afa, anamaro-afaya; — Insignifiant-e ; adj. 

Insincere; — N'adiro-ezi-okwn, di-asi, di-ag-hogho ; — Non-sincere; 

Insincerely; — N'ag'liohg'O, n'asi; — Non-sincerement; adv. [adj.] 

Insipid; — Osi, di-osi; — Insipide; adj. 

Insipidity; — Osi, idi-osi; — Insipidite; s. 

Insipidly; — N'osi; — Insipidement; adv. 

Insist; — Kwu si-ike, nyado, bodo; — Insister; v. n. 

Insnare; — Ma; — Prendre au piege; v. a. 

Insobriety; — Ilakamanya, adigh'anya-ndo ; —Intemperance; s,; 

Insociable; — N'adiro-ukpa, n'enwero-nkpa; — Insociable; adj. 

Insolence; — Fg-ala, n'itu-arii; — Insolence; s. 

Insolent; — Di-ng-ala, natu-aru; — Insolent- e; — adj. ■ 

Insolently; — ISFa ngrala,n'itu-aru ; — Insol eminent; adv. 

Insolubility; — Adigh'mg-baze ; — Insolubilite ; s. 

Insoluble; — N'adiro-mg-baze ; — Insoluble; adj. 

[[Category:igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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Insupportable; — N'adiro nnado, n'adiro nzado; — Insupportable; adj. 

Insupportably ; — N'adigh'nzado ; — Insupportablement; adv. 

Insuppressible ; — N'adiro mbido, n'adiro mbida; — Ineffacable; adj. 

Insurmountable ; — N'adiro nmeli ; — Insurmontable ; adj. 

Integument; — Nkpnkpn; — Tegument; s. 

Intellect, intelligence; — TJqe, ngota; — Intelligence; s. 

Intelligent; — Di-n&lt;?e, nwel'uqe; — Intelligent-e ; adj. 

Intelligible; — Di-nghota; — Intelligible; adv. 

Intemperance; — Ilakamanya; — Intemperance; s. 

Intend; — Zube, lo; — Pretendre; v. n. 

Intention; — Izuzu; — Intention; s. 

Intentionnally; — Maluma; — Intentionnellement ; adj. 

Inter; — Ni, nie; — Enterrer; v. a. 

Intercept; — Gbabido, nobido, g-lioMdo; — Intercepter; v. a. 

Interception; — Mgbabido, nghobido; — Interception; s. 

Interchange; — G-ha, gbagha; Mgbagha; — Echanger v. a. echange; s. 

Interchangeable; — Di-rngbagha ; — Quon echange; adj. 

Interchangeably; — Na mgbaglia; — Mutuellement; adv. 

Intercourse; — Nmeko, ndjeko; — Rapport, relation; s. 

Interdict; — So so nso; nso ife nso; — Interdire v. a.-interdit; 5. 

Interdiction; — Iso nso, — Interdiction; s. 

Interest; — Petu; Mpetu, elele; — Interesser v. a.-interet; s. 

Interior; — Ime, nk'ime; — Interieur-e; adj. 

Interlace; — Tigvranye, tigwanyelu; — Entremeler; v. a. 

Interlink; — Soko, zoko; — Enchainer; v. a. 

Interment: — Onini; — Enterrement; s. [ble; adj.] 

Interminable; — N'adiro ndjedebe, n'adiro obebe; — Intermina- 

Intermix; — Tigwa, gwa; — Entremeler; v, a. 

Intermixture; — Ntigwa, ogwa; — Melange; s. 

Internal; — Ime, nk'ime; — Interne; adj. 

Internally; — N'ime, nk'ime; — Interieurement; adj. 

Interpolate; — Tigwanye; — Interpoler; v. a. 

Interpolation; — Ntigwanye ; — Interpolation; s. 

Interposal; — Nfie&lt;?i, nfie&lt;?ita; — Intervention; s. 

Interpose; — Fie&lt;?i, fieqita, tobe^ie; — Intervenir; v. n. 

Interposition; — Nfie&lt;?i; — Interposition; s. 

Interrogate; — Bju, djua; — Interroger; v. a. 

Interrogation; — Adjudju; — Interrogation; s. 

Interrogator; — Onye-adjndju; — Interrogateur; 5. 

Interrupt; — Goqili, gocji, ke; — Interrompre ; v. a. 

[[Category:igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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Intrinsic; — Ime, nk'ime, ezi; — Intrinseque ; adj. 

Intrinsically.; — N'ime, nk'ime; — Intrinsequement; adv. 

Introduce; — Weta, weputa, webata, kpobata; — Introduire; v. a. 

Introduction; — ISweputa, nkpobata, n webata; — Introduction; .s 

Introspection; — Onyonyo, inenyeanya; — Examen a l'interieur; s. 

Introvert; — Ghanye, g-habanye; — Tourner en dedans; v. a. 

Intrude; — Sifanye, kpafanye; — S'introduire par force; v. n. 

Intrusion; — INsifanye, nkpafanye; — Intrusion; s. 

Intrust; — Rinye, rinyelu; — Confier; v. a. 

Intwist; — Fi, tufi; — Enlacer; v. 

Inutility; — Elogh'elo; — Inutilite; s. 

Invade; — Wa, waba, manye; — Envahir; v. a. 

Invader; — Owa, onye-nmanye; — Envahisseur ; s. 

Invalide; — Di-nlo, n'adiro-ike, nkiti; — Invalide; adj. 

Invalidate; — Xwu-aru, do-ifenkiti; — Invalider; v. a. 

Invalidity; — Adigli'ike, nkiti; — Invalidity ; s. 

Invaluable; — N'enwero onn; — Inappreciable; adj. 

Invariable; — N'enwero uglia, n'adiro ug'ha; — Invariable; adj. 

In variableness ; — Adigh'uglia ; — Invariabilite ; s 

Invariably; — K'adigli ug'ha; — Invariablement ; adv. 

Invasion; — Owawa; — Invasion; s. 

Invective; — Okwu akumonu; — Invective; s. 

Inveigh; — Koso-onu, koca; — Invectiver; v.' a, 

Inveigher; — Oko onu, onye nkoca; — Insulteur; s. 

Inveigle; — Lafu, laputa; — Seduire; p. a. 

Inveigler; — Onye nlaputa; — Seducteur; s. 

Invent; — Zuputa, weputa; — Inventer; v. a. 

Invention; — Nzuputa; — Invention; s. 

Inventor; — Onye-nzuputa ; — Inventeur; s. 

Inversion; — TJg&quot;lia, nweg-ha; — Inversion; s. 

Invert; — Gha, g-ha-isi dogha; — Intervertir; r. a. 

Inverted; — Aglialu ag'ha; — Interverti; p. p. 

Invest; — Yibe akwa, gbobe akwa; — Revetir; v. a. 

Investigate — Nyoca, bosa; — Rechercker; v. a. 

Investigation; — Nnyoca, mbosa; — Investigation s. 

Investigator; — Onye mbosa; — Investigateur; s. 

Investment; — Akwa afe; — Habiliement ; s. 

Inveterate; — Ocye, di-okpu; — Invetere-e; adj 

Invidiously; — N'iwe nkiti; — Avec envie; adr. 

Invigorate; — Nye-ike; — Fortifier; v. a. 

[[Category:igbo]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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༄༅༅། །ན་མོ་གུ་རུ་ཤཱཀྱ་མུ་ན་ཡེ། །གང་ཞིག་རྒྱལ་བའི་བསྟན་ལ་བཞུགས་འདོད་ན། །སྐྱབས་གཞན་
མི་འཚོལ་སེམསཅན་འཚེ་བ་སྤོང༌། །སྡིག་ཅན་མི་འགྲོགས་མཆོག་གསུམ་སོ་སོར་གུས། །སྐྱབས་མཆོག་
མི་སྤང་འུ་ཐུག་ཐབས་མི་འཚོལ། །མཆོད་དང་སྐྱབས་འགྲོར་བརྩོན་ཞིང་གཞན་ལའང་སློབ། །མདོར་ན་
བློ་གཏད་ལིངས་བསྐྱུར་སྐྱབས་འགྲོར་འབད། །བསྟན་ལ་འཇུག་སྒོ་སྐྱབས་འགྲོའི་སྡོམ་པའོ། །༈ ཉོནམོངས་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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པ་ཡིན། །འདིབརྩམས་དགེ་བ་གང་ཐོབ་དེས། །མཐའ་ཡས་སེམས་ཅན་མ་ལུས་ཀུན། །རྟག་ཆད་མཐའ་ལས་གྲོལ་གྱུར་ཏེ། _ །བླ་མེད་བྱང་ཆུབ་ཐོབ་པར་ཤོག་། པཎྜིཏ་ཆེན་པོ་རཏྣཀཱིརྟིསམཛད་པའི། ཆོས་རྣམ་པར་ངེས་པ་ཞེས་
རྒྱགར་བྷིམཁན་པོ་པཎྜིཏཆེན་པོརཏྣཀཱིརྟིདང་། བོད་ཀྱི་ལོ་ཙཱ་བཆིངསཡོནཏན་འབར་གྱིས་བསྱང་ཅིང་ཞུས་ཏེ་གཏན་ལ་ཕབ་པའོ།།
།རྒྱགར་སྐད་དུ། མདྷྱ་པ་ལ་ཀཱརཨུཔདེཞ། པོད་སྐད
ངག །རྗེ་བཙུནམསྒྲོལམལཕྱགའཆལལོ། །སྐུ་གཉིས་ཀྱི་ནིགནས་ཁྱབ་པའི། །གང་ཞི་གཉིཟླ་གཟའ་སྐར་བཞིན། །བདེ་བ་ཆེན་པོ་ཉིད་ཀྱི་སྐུ། །རྟག་པར་རྡོ་རྗེ་འཆང་ལ་འདུདུ། །བྱམས་པ་ཐོགས་མེད་ཀྱིས་གསུངས་ཤིང། །ཀླུསང་ཀྱིས་ཀྱངང་ཞེདཔ་ཡ་
ལུང་དང་ལྡན་པ་ཡིས།
པར་བྱ་བའི་དོན་དམ་པ་ནིམ་ངན་ལས་འདས་པའོ། །ཇི་སྐད་དུ། དོན་དང་ཐོབ་དང་སྒྲུབ་པ་དང་།
།དོན་དམ་རྣམ་པ་གསུམ་དུའདོད། །ཅེས་བཤད་པ་ལྟ་བུའོ། །ཀུནརྫོབཀྱང་རྣམ་པ་གསུམ་སྟེ། བརྟགས་པའི་ཀུན་རྫོ་བནི་ཆོས་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀུན་བརྟགས་པའི་རང་བཞིན་མོ།
།བདེན་པ་གཉིས་འདིར་བཤད་པར་བྱ། །དེ་ལ་བདེན་པ་གཉིས་ནི་དོན་དམ་པ་དང་ཀུན་རྫོབ་བོ། །དོན་དམ་པ་ཡང་རྣམ་པགསུམ་སྟེ། །གཞི་དམ་པཞི་དེ་བཞི་ནཱ་ཉིད་དོ། །སྲུང་པ་དོན་དམ་པའི་ཡང་དག་པའི་ཡེ་ཤེས་སོ། །ཐོབ་
ཤེས་པའི་ཀུན་རྫོབནི་ལོག་པའི་ཤེས་པ་ཐམས་ཅད་དོ། །བརྗོད་པའི་ཀུན་རྫོ་བའིསྒྲ་དང་རྟོག་པས་དོན་ངམ་པ་སྟོན་པར་བྱེད་པའོ། །ཇིསྐད་དུ། བརྟགས་པ་དང་རི་ཤེས་པ་དང་། དེང་བཞིན་བརྗོདཔ་རྒྱ་ཆེ་ཡིན། །ཞེས་བཤརཔ་ལྟ་བུའོ། །བརྗོད་པའི་ཀུན་རྫོབ་དེ་རྣམ་པར་རློམ་
ལམ་ཡིན་ཞིང་རྣམ་པརམི་རྟོག་པ་ཡངམ་ཡིནནོ། །ཅིའི་ཕྱིར་རྣམ་པར་རྟོག་པ་མ་ཡིནཞེན། །རྣམ་པར་མི་རྟོགཔ་བསྐྱེད་པ་དང་རྗེས་སུ་མཐུན་པའིད་ཀྱི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །ཅིའི་ཕྱིར་རྣམ་པར་མི་རྟོག་པམ་ཡིན་ཞེན། ཡང་དག་པའིདོན་ལ་རྣམ་པར་རྟོག་པའིཕྱིར་རོ། །རྣམ་པར་མི་རྟོག་པཉིད་ལས་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <title>Page:སྡོམ་པ་གསུམ་གྱི་རིམ་པ།.pdf/1</title>
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      <text bytes="4286" sha1="21xvomkv94rnlntbaqgsz26rzrpa53j" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Kunga tsundue&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;།བྱའོ། །དེ་ངག་བྱེད་པ་ལ་ཡང་བརྩོན་འགྲུས་དྲགཔོ་བསྐྱེད་ལ་ཇིསྙམ་པ་དང༌། སྔུག་བསྔལ་དང་དུ་ལེན་པའི་བཟོད་པ་དང་། མ་ཡེངས་པའི་བསམ་གཏནདང་ཤེས་རབ་ཀྱིརང་བཞིན་མེད་པར་ཤེས་པར་ཁྱ་ལ། བསླབ་པ་གསུམ་པས། ཤེས་རབ་རྣམ་པ་གཡུམས་མཉམ་པར
གཞག་པ་དང་། སྤྱོད་ལམ་གྱི་ཚུལ་གྱིས་བསླའ་བར་བྱའོ་ཞེས་བསྟན་པར་བྱའོ། །མཐར་སྐོར་ལམ་གྱིས་ཡོངས་སུ་རྫོགས་པར་གྱིས་པའི་ཅེས་ཀྱང་བརྗོད་པར་བྱའོ། །འདི་ནི་སློབ་དབོན་གྱིས་བསྟན་པའིལ་ཨ་ཀྱིབོ་རི་ལ་སོ། །སློབབས་ཚུལ་ཇི་ལར་བསྟན་བ་དེ་བཞིཞེད་བསློབ་པར་ཀྱི
འདི་ནི་མཚན་ཉིད་སྤེག་བཆེན་པོའསེམས་བསྐྱེད་པ་དང་བསླབ་པ་བསྟན་པའི་ཚུལ་ལམ་གོ་རམས་ཆེ་ལོངཙམ་བསྟན་པ་ཡིན་ནོ། །རྒྱས་པརནི་གཞན་ནས་ཤེས་པར་བྱའོ། །བླམའིབྱ་བའི་རིམ་པ་མདོར་བསྡུས་པ། སློབ་དཔོནམ་ས་བཆེན་པོ་དཔལ་མར་མེ་མཛད་ཡེ་ཤེས་ཀྱི་ཞཁགན་
།རྒྱགར་སྐད་དུ། ཏྲི་སམྦར་ཀྲ་མ། བོད་སྐད་དུ། སྡོམ་པ་གསུམ་གྱི་རམ་པ། དཀོན་མཆོག་གསུམ་ལ་ཕྱག་འཚལ་ལོ། །དེ་ལ་བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའ་ཁྱིམ་པ་སློབ་པ་ལ། བསྙེན་གནས་དབོག་པ་དང༌། དགེ་བསྙེར་གྱི་
སྡོམ་པ་དང་། བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའི་ལེམས་བསྐྱེད་པ་དང་པོརབྱའོ། །བསྙེན་གནས་དབེག་པ་ནི། བཙུན་པའམ། སློབ་དཔོན་དགོངས་སུ་གསལ། བདག་དགེ་བསྙེན་མའི་འདི་ཞེས་བགྱི་བ། ཇི་སྲིད་བྱང་ཆུབ་སྙིང་པོ་ལམཆིས་ཀྱི་བར་དུ། སངས་རྒྱས་དང་ཆོས་དང་དེག་འཇུན་ལ་སྐྱབས་་
སུ་མཆིའོ། །དེ་བཞིན་དུ་ལན་གཉི་མ་ལན་གསུམ་དུ་བྱའོ། །དེ་ལྟར་བཙུན་པས་བདག་ལ་ ལ་སྐྱབས་སུ་སོང་བར་གཟུང་དུགཡོལ་ཞེས་བྱའོ། །ངཙུན་པའམ་སློབ་དཔོན་བདག་ལ་དགོངས་སུ་གསོལ། །བདག་དགེ་བསྙེད་ཡང་འདི་ཞེས་བགྱི་བ་དུས་འདི་ནས་བཟུང་སྟེ།
ན་ཆངའི་བམ་ཀར་གྱི་བའ། ༥་ རབས་ཅིག་གསོདཔ་དང༌། གསཀྱི་འཕྲོད་བ་དང་། མི་ བས་པརསྤྱོད་པ་དམ། རཏན་པ་དང། སྤྱོད་བྱེད་འབྱཔའ་པ། ༈ ཡོད་པ་ཆ་བ་དང༌། མྱདང་དང་། ཁ་དོག་བསྒྱུར་བ་དང། ༤རྐཏདང་། རྨཱདཔ། ཚེ་ད
ལ༴ མཛད་པ་རྫོགས་སོ།།
ས་བརྒྱ,ང་བསྟན
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བརྡེག་འཚོག་དང་། །རྐུ་འཕྲོག་གཡོ་སྒྱུས་གཞན་ནོར་མ་བྱིན་ལེན། །གཞོག་སློང་ཐོབ་འཇལ་ཁ་
གསག་རྙེད་པས་འཚོལ། །ཟས་གོས་ཤོ་ཆང་ལ་སོགས་རུང་མིན་སྤྱོད། །ལོག་གཡེམ་མི་་་ཚངས་
སྤྱོད་དང་ཁུ་བ་འབྱིན། །ཆགསསེམས་འཁྲིག་ཚིག་སྒེག་ཆོས་བསྙེལ་དང་འཇུ། །ཁ་རྩེད་ལག་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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།འཇལ་བར་བྱེད་པ་དེ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེན་ནི་ཚད་མ་ཐམས་ཅདཤེས་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །ཅི་སྟེ་གང་གིས་དངོས་པོ་འཛིན་པ་དེ་ཚད་མ་ཡིནན། ཅི་དངོས་པོ་འཛིན་པ་དེ་ཡང་ཕྱོགས་སུ་ལྷུང་བས་རྣམ་པར་དཔྱད་པར་བྱ་བའམ། འོན་ཏེ་ཉེ་བར་མཁོ་བ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་ཡིན། དེ་ལ་རེ་ཞིག་དངོས་པོ་་་
འཛིན་པ་ནི་རྟོག་པ་དང་ལྡན་པ་དོན་བྱ་བ་དོན་དུ་གཉེར་བ་ལ་མཁོ་བ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ།  དེ་ལས་དོན་བྱ་བ་ལས་མི་འགྲུབ་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དོན་བྱ་བ་བསྒྲུབ་པའི་ཐབས་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། གཟུང་པའི་སྐད་ཅིག་མ་གང་ཡིན་པ་དེ་མི་འཐོབ་པ་ཡིན་ནམ། ཞེན་པར་བྱས་པའི་རྒྱུན་ཐོབ་པར་བྱ་བ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། དེ་ལྟ་
ན་ནི་རྒྱུན་གྱི་ཡུལ་ཅན་གྱི་ཞེན་པ་ཐོབ་པར་བྱེདཔ་ཡིན་གྱི་འཛིན་པ་ནི་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དསན་འདི་ལྟར་རྣམ་པར་རྟོག་པ་ཅན་གྱི་རྗེས་སུ་དཔག་པ་གང་ཡིན་པ་དེ་ཡང་ཐོབ་པར་བྱེད་པ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ལནནི་འོན་དོན་བྱ་བ་ནུས་པ་རྟོགས་པ་ཚདམ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེན། རྟོགས་པས་ཀྱང་དོན་བྱ་བ་དོན་དུ་གཉེར་བ་ལ་
མཁོ་བ་མེད་པམ་ཡིན་ནམ། དེ་ལས་དོན་བྱ་བམི་འགྲུབ་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དོན་བྱ་བརནུས་པ་ཐོབ་པའི་ཐབས་ཡིནནོ་ཞེན། དེ་ལྟ་ན་ནི་འོ་ན་ངན་བྱ་བར་ནུས་པ་ཐོབ་པར་བྱེད་པ་ཉིད་རྟོགས་པ་དང་ལྡན་པ་ རབྱ་བའི་ཕྱིར་དེ་ཉིད་བསྟན་བཅོས་ལས་རྣམ་པར་དཔྱད་པར་འོས་ཀྱི། དོར་བྱབར་ནུས་པ་་་
རྟོགས་པནིམ་ཡིནནོ། །གངགི་ཕྱིར་དོན་བྱ་བར་ནུས་པའི་རྟོགས་པ་ཡོད་དུཟིན་ཀྱང་ཤེས་པ་ལ་དོན་དུ་གཉེར་བར་བྱ་བའི་དོན་དུགང་བ་ཉིད་ཡོངས་སུ་རྫོགས་པའི་ཕྱིར་ནི་མ་ཡིན་གྱི་འོན་ཀྱང་ཤེས་པའི་རངབཞིན་དོན་བྱ་བར་དུས་པའི་ཐོབ་པར་བྱེད་བཉིད་ཀྱི་ཚེ་རྗེས་སུཚོལ་བར་བྱེད་པ་ཡིན་ནོ། །གང་གི་
ཕྱིར་གལ་ཏེ་ཡང་རྟོགས་པཉིད་ཐོབ་པར་བྱེད་པ་ཡིན་པ་དེ་ལྟ་ན་ཡང་རྟོགས་པའི་བདག་ཉིད་ཀྱིསཞི་ཤེས་པ་དོན་དུགཉེར་བར་བྱ་བ་མ་ཡིན་གྱི། འོན་ཀྱང་དོན་ཐོབ་པར་བྱེད་པའོ། །དེའི་ཕྱིར་དོན་བྱ་པར་ནུས་པ་ལ་མི་སླུ་བ་ཉིད་ཚད་མ་ཡིན་གྱི་དོན་བྱ་པར་ པནནི་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །སྒྲའི་དོན་གྱི་རྗེས་
སུ་ཡང་འབྱུངབར་བྱ་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནམ། གལ་ཏོའི་སྔུ་བར་བྱེད་པ་ཉིད་ཚད་མ་ཇི ༨ནཞི་སྒྲརི་དོན་བཏང་བ་ཡིནནེ་ཞེན། བཏང་བ་མཡིན་ཏེ། གང་གི་ཕྱིར་མི་གླུ་བར་བྱེད་པ་ཉིད་ནི་རབ་ཏུ་བས་ནཔ་ཐོབ་པས་བྱེད་པ་ལ་བརྗོད་ལདེ་ཡང་འཇུག་པའི་ཡུ&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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      <text bytes="2443" sha1="0ltsblw85rt3o9f6k6buuxrau2jfjvn" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;pagequality level=&quot;1&quot; user=&quot;Ngawang Rabjam&quot; /&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;།གཟུང་བདེ་བ་དགོས་བྱུང་ནས་ཡིན་ནོ། །དགེ་བ་གོམས་ཕྱིར་བདག་གི་དད་པའི་ཤུགསའདི་དག་གིས་ཀྱང་རེ་ཞིག་འཕེལ་བར་འགྱུར་ལ། དེ་བཞིན་
བདག་དང་སྐལ་པ་མཉམ་པ་གཞན་གྱིས་ཀྱང་། ཇི་སྟེ་འདི་དག་མཐོང་ན་དོན་འདི་ལྟ་བུ་ཡོད་པར་འགྱུར་བས་སོ༑ ༑ཞེས་རྩོམ་པར་དམ་བཅས། བྱང་སེམས་ཀྱི་སྤྱོད་པ་
ནི་བརྗོད་བྱ། ཚིག་གཟུང་བདེ་བར་བསྟན་པས་རང་གཞན་གོམས་པར་བྱེད་སླབ་དགོས་པ། དེ་ལས་བླ་ནམེད་པའི་བྱང་ཆུབ་ཐོབ་པའི་ཕྱིར་ཉིང་དགོས། དེ་དག་སྔ་མ་མེདན་
ཕྱི་མ་མིའབྱུང་བས་འབྲེལ་བ་བསྟན་ཏེ།ཤེས་པ་ཅན་བསྟནབཅོས་ལ་གུས་པས་འཇུག་པའི་ཕྱིར་དུའོ། །གཉིས་པ་བར་དུ་དགེ་བ་གཞུང་གི་དོནལ། འཇུག་པའི་སྤྱོད་པ་བྱང་ཆུབ་ཏུ་སེམས་
བསྐྱེད་པ། སྒྲུབ་པའི་སྤྱོད་པ་ཕར་ཕྱིན་ལ་སྦྱོང་བ། འགྲུབ་པའི་སྤྱོད་པ་སངས་རྒྱས་པ་བཤད་པ་གསུམ་ལས། དང་པོ་ལ་སྐལ་བ་དང་ལྡན་པའི་གཞི་རིགས་དང་ལྡན་པའི་རྟེན། སྤྱོད་པ་ལ་
སྦྱོར་བའིགཞི་བྱང་ཆུབ་ཏུ་སེམས་བསྐྱེད་པ། བྱང་ཆུབ་ཆེན་པོ་འགྲུབ་པའི་གཞི་བསླབ་བརྗེས་སུ་བསྒྲུབ༌པ༌གསུམ༌ལས། དང་པོ་ནི། རིགས་རྣམ་པ་གཉིས་ལས་ཆོས་ཉིད་ཀྱི་གནས་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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༄༅། །བཞིན། སྡིགཆེན་རྣམས༌འདིས་སྐད་ཅིག་གཅིག་པའི་བཟོད་པས་བསྡུས་པ་མཐོང་ལམ་བསྐྱེད་ལ། དེས་སྡིག་པ་ཐམས་ཅད་སྐད་ཅིག་གཅིག་གིས་ངེས་
པར་སྲེག་པར་བྱེད་དོ། །དེས་ན་སྔ་མ་ནི་ཀུན་རྫོབ་སེམས་བསྐྱེད་ཀྱིས་ཡིན་ལ། ཕྱི་མ་ནི་དོན་དམ་སེམས་བསྐྱེད་ཀྱི་ཕན་ཡོན་ཡིན་ཏེ། གཞན་སྟོབས་དང་རང་སྟོབས་ཀྱི་ཁྱད་པར་ཕྱེ་བས་
ཤེས་སེ།།དེ་དག་ཏུ་མ་ཟད་དེའི་ཕན་ལོན་དཔེག་ཏུ་མེད་པ་དོག།ཚོང་དཔོན་ནོར་བརྟན་གྱི་བུ་གཞོན་ནུ་ནོར་བཟངསཀྱིས།
ང་དཔོན་ནོར་བརྟན་གྱི་བུ་གཞོན་ནུ་ནོར་བཟངས་ཀྱིས། འཇམ་དཔལ་གྱི་དྲུང་དུ་སེམས་བསྐྱེདདེ།གྲོང་ཁྱེར་དཔལ་
གྱི་འབྱུང་གནས་ནས་གཟུང་སྟེ་འདིའི་ལྷོ་ཕྱོགས་ཀྱི་རྒྱུད་ཐམས་ཅད་དུ་བ
བརྒྱས་ནས་དག་བའི་གཤིས་གཉེན་བརྒྱ་ཕྲག་བཅུ་ཕལ་ཆེར་གསུང། ཤཱནྟི་པས་བཅུ་གཅྀག་སྟེ་སྟོང་ཆིག་
བརྒྱ་ལ་ཡོངས་སུ་དྲ་བབྱེད་ཅིང་།ཐ་མ་ཡུལ་རྒྱ་མཚོའི་འགྲམ་དུ་ཕྱིན་ཏེ་ཁོང་བརྩ་གས་རྣམ་པར་སྣང་མཛད་ཀྱི་རྒྱཞེ་གྱིས་བརྒྱན་པར་སྐྱེ་བ་ཐམསེཅད་དང་བྲལ་བའི་ལྷག་པའི་
བསམ་པས་ཕྱིན་ཏེ་བྱམས་མགོན་མཇལ།དེས་ལེགས༌པར༌འངོས་སམ་དྲིས། བློ་དང་ལྡན་པ་ནོརོ་བཟངས་ཀྱིས། འཕགས་པ་བདག་ཟླ་ནམེད་པ་ཡང་དག་པར་རྫོགས་པའི་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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སངས་རྒྱས་ཀུན། །མཉེས་བྱས་ནུས་གཟུགས་མ་ཚང་མེད་གསལ་བའི། །དོ་མཚར་བསྙོན་མེད་དེར་གུས་བདག་གིས་ནི། །ཀུན་མཁྱེན་
འབྲུག་པའི་ཞབས་ལ་ཕྱག་བགྱིས་སོ། །མངོན་པར་བཏུད་དོན་ཐམས་ཅད་གྲུབ་པས་སྟོན་པ་དཔག་བསམ་ཡོངས་འདུའི་ཤིང༌། །གང་
ནས་ཞི་བའི་བདུད་རྩི་ཀུན་འཛག་ལེགས་གསུང་ཟླ་བ་ཆུ་ཤུལ་ཉིད། །བསོད་ནམས་ལོ་ཏོག་གྱ་ནོམ་འདིར་བསྐྱེད་དགེ་འདུན་ཡོན་
ཏན་ཞིང་དམ་པ། །ཤཱཀྱའི་རྒྱལ་པོ་དེ་ལུགས་དཔལ་ལྡན་འདི་ལ་བསྟོད་པ་ཀུན་སྤུངས་འོས། །ཡུན་རིང་སྦྱང་བའི་གཡུལ་ངོར་མ་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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    <title>Page:ཚད་མ་རྣམ་འགྲེལ་གྱི་འགྲེལ་བཤད།.pdf/1</title>
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༄༄༅། །རྒྱ་གར་སྐད་དུ། པྲམཱ་ཎ་བརཏིཀྭཊཱིཀ། །བོད་སྐདདུ། ཚད་མ་རྣམའགྲེལ་གྱི་འགྲེལ་བཤད། བམ་པོ་དང་པོ། ཐམས་ཅད་མཁྱེན་པ་ལ་ཕྱག་འཚལ་ལོ། །སྲིད་གསུམ་
བཕེན་པར་བྱེད་པ་ཡི། །ཟག་པ་མ་ལུས་ལས་རྒྱལ་བ། །བདེ་གཤེགས་གང་དག་སྲིད་པ་དང། །ངེས་འབྱུང་ལེགས་པར་རྟོགས་པ་དང༌། །དེ་ཆོས་ཡང་དག་གཟིགས་ལས་བྱུང་། མཁས་པ་་་་
སོ་སོ་རང་རིག་བྱ། །ལེགས་གསུངས་རིམས་བྲལ་དང་དགེ་འདུན། །འཕགས་པའི་གང་ཟག་བརྒྱད་པོ་རྒྱལ། བློ་གྲོས་ཆེན་པོའི་བཞེད་པ་གཏིང་རྙེད་མ་ཡིན་ཞིང། །འབད་བྱས་པས་ཀྱང་གསལ་་
བར་རྟོགས་པ་མེད་པ་འདི། ཚིག་དོན་ཙམ་གྱི་རང་བཞིན་རབ་ཏུབསྟན་པ་ཡིས།  །གནའ་རབས་རྣམས་ཀྱིས་གསལ་བ་ཉིད་དུ་བྱས་གྱུར་བ། །དེས་ན་འདིར་ནི་དེ་ཉིད་རྟོགས་ཕྱིར་འབད་པས་ནི།
གསལ་བར་བྱ་སྟེ་དེ་བསྟན་པ་ཡང་ཕན་ཕྱིར་ཡིན།  །འགྲོ་བ་མ་རྟོགས་པ་ནི་རྟོགས་པར་བྱ་བའི་ཕྱིར། །འདིལ་འབད་པ་བྱས་པ་ངལ་བའི་འབྲས་བུ་ཡིན། །རྟོག་པའི་དྲ་བ་རྣམ་བསལ་ཅིང་། །ཞེས་་་
༄། །སྐྱུང་གསུམ་ཡིན་ན་བདཡ, ན&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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བར་འཇོག་བའིཡིད་ཀྱིས་སོ་སོར་རྟོག་པ་རྣམས་དེ་བསྒོམ་པའི་རྗེས་སུ་འགྲོབས། འབད་སྩོལ་མེད་པར་ཆོས་ཀྱི་
སམཉམ་པརག
པའི་གཟུངས་ལས། དེ་ཡང་དག་པར་སྦྱོརབས་རྗེས་སུ་འཕྲོའོ། །བསྒོམ་པས་རྗེས་སུ་འགྲོའོ། །མངང་བྱས་པ་རྗེས་སུ་འགྲོའོ། །ཡང་དག་པར་ཡིད་འ
གོམས་པར་བྱས་ནས། དོན་དམ་པའི་ཡེ་ཤེས་འཁྲུལ་པས་དབེན་པ་དྲི་མམེད་པ་འཇིག་པ་མེད་པ་མངོན་སུམ་དུ་བྱེད་པར་འགྱུརརོ། །དེ་བས་ན་ཡར་དྲག་པ་ལ་སོ་
།སྤྲོས་པ་པ་ཕེལ་རྒྱམང
ར་པའི་ཕིར་རོ། །འོན་ཀྱང་མི།།
ཆེ་བ། ལས་ཀྱང་པས་མ
རྟོགས་པརའཏོངབ་རྣམས་ཀྱིས་
པའི་མཐའ་ཡིན་ནོ། །ཡང་དོན་དམ་པའི་བདེན་པ་གངཞེན། འཕགས་པ༴ ཀྱི་ཡུལ་དུ་གྱུར་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །ཀུན་རྫོབ་ཀྱི་བདེན་པ་གང་ཞེན། བྱིས་པ་རྣམས་ཀྱི་ཡུལ་དུ་གྱུརཔའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །ཡེ་ཤེས་དཔཔའི་ཡུལ་ཡིན་པ་དྲི་གྱེར་དང༌།  ེ་གཤེས།
དང་། དོན་དམ་པར་ཡོད་པའི་ཕྱིར་དང་། དྲོན་དམ་གསུམ་པོ་གོ་རིམས་བཞིན་དུགཞགི་གོ། །སན་བརྟགས་དང་། གཞནདབང་དང་། ཡོངས་སུ་གྲུབ་པསྟེ། ཀུན་རྫོབ་རྣམ་པ་གསུམ་གྱི་མཚནཉིདཔོ།རིམས་བཞིན་ནོ། །དེབས་དདེ་ཉིད་ལ་ངདང་ཞིནགསུམ་བྱ
ལ་། གཞི་ཁུ་ཀྱི་བ་གཉིད་འམས་ཅ་དམེད། །གཉིས་སུ་འཁྲུལ་པའི་བདག་ཉིད་ཡོད། །དེནི་སྟོང་པའིབདག་ཉིད་དེ། །དབུམའིལམ་དུདེང་ཞེད་དོ། །དེ་སྐད་ཀྱང་། ཀུནབརྟགས་དང་ནི་གཞན་དབང་དང༌། །ཡོངས་སུ་གྲུབ་པ་འདི་རྣམས་ནི། །ལརྟགས་དང་རྒྱ་ལས་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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གནམ་ནས་འབབ་པའི་ཤ་མོང་དེ་ལ་འདུད། །ཞི་བ་ནོར་བུའི་གནས་ཀྱི་ལྷས། །བྱང་ཆུབ་སེམས་དཔའི་སྤྱོད་པན། །རྒྱ་མཚོའི་འཇུག་པས་
འཇིག་རྟེན་འདིའི། །དམན་པའི་རི་གླང་མེད་པར་བྱས། །དེར་ནི་འགྲེལ་པའི་བདྨོ་རྣམ་དཔྱོད་མཐུ། །ཟེ་འབྲུའི་འཛུམ་བག་ལས་འཐོན་རྣམས་
འདུས་པར། །རབ་དཀར་དང་པའི་བུ་མོ་ང་རྩ་བའི། །མགྲིན་རྔ་དབྱངས་ཅན་མས་བསྐུལ་རྒྱུད་མངས་བཞནི། །འདིར་བཤད་པར་བྱ་བའི་
དམ་པའི་ཆོས་འདིའི་མཚན་རྒྱ་གར་སྐད་དུ། བོ་དྷིསཏྭ་ཙཱརྱཨ་བ་ཏ་ར། བོད་སྐད་དུ། བྱང་ཚུབ་སེམས་དཔའི་སྤྱོད་པ་ལ་འཇུག་པ། མཛོད་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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་སོགས་སྦྱརབས་ཁྱད་པར་ རྟོགས་པའོ།།ཆོས་རྟོགས་པ་དང༌། བསྟན་པརྣམས་ཀྱི་སྐུ་ཀཱ་ཡ་སྟེ་ཚོགས་པ་ཡིན་ལ།
མངའ་བས་སངས་ ས་པའི་བྱ་བ།ཚོས་ཀྱི་འཁོར་ལོ་བསྐོར་བ་བསྟན་པ་སྟེ།བདེན་གཉིས་ལས། ཆོས་རྣམས་ཀུན་གྱི་ལུས་ཡོནི་ཕྱི་ སོགས་ཀྱི་འགྲེལ་
པར། ཆོས་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀྱི་ལུས་ཡིན་པས་ཆོས་སྐུ་སྟེ། འགྲོ་བཐམས་ཅད་ད་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པའི་ངོ་བོ་ལས་མི་འདའ་བའི་ཕྱིར་།།ལུསཀྱི་དོན་ནི་ཆིགས་
ཡིན་པས་ཆོས་རྣམས་ཀྱི་ཚོགས་ལ་ཆོས་སྐུ་སྟེ་ཞེས་གསུངས་པས་སོ།།སྲས་བཅསསུ་ཏ་ལ་ ས་བསྣན་གྱི་ངེས་པས་རིགས་སུ་སྐྱོས་པ་དང་། གདུང་
འཚེ་བ་པ་དང་།བྱ་བ་བྱེད་པའི་དོན་གྱིས་སྲསེ་ཏ་བྱང་སེམས་སློབ་ གས་སོ།།འདི་བྱ་བའི་བྱེད་པ་སྟེ་ཐེག་པ་ཆེན་ གེ་འདུན་ན་ལིགས་པར་ཞུགས་པ་&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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| author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ်
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ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းမင်းရႆၢး မႃးပူၵ်းတင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1262 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းမင်းရႆၢးၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽွင်းငမ်း မိူင်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ်၊ မိူင်းထႆး တႄႇဢဝ်ပီ 1296 ၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဝဵင်းလူင်မၼ်း ပဵၼ်ၵဵင်းႁႆး (Chiangrai) လႄႈ လၢၼ်ႉၼႃး ၵဵင်းမႆႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;James G. Scott, burma: ''A Handbook of Practical information'', p.491&lt;/ref&gt;  မိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ် လႆႈၽွင်းငမ်းၵႂႃႇ 800 ပီပၢႆပၢႆၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၵေႃႉလိုၼ်းသုတ်းတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ ၸဝ်ႈၸႆၢးလူင် ဢၼ်သဵင်ႈၵၢမ်ႇသုတ်းမုၼ်ၵႂႃႇ တီႈတႃႈၵုင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1997 ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။

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ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းမင်းရႆၢး မႃးပူၵ်းတင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1262 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းမင်းရႆၢးၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽွင်းငမ်း မိူင်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ်၊ မိူင်းထႆး တႄႇဢဝ်ပီ 1296 ၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဝဵင်းလူင်မၼ်း ပဵၼ်ၵဵင်းႁႆး (Chiangrai) လႄႈ လၢၼ်ႉၼႃး ၵဵင်းမႆႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;James G. Scott, burma: ''A Handbook of Practical information'', p.491&lt;/ref&gt;  မိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ် လႆႈၽွင်းငမ်းၵႂႃႇ 800 ပီပၢႆပၢႆၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၵေႃႉလိုၼ်းသုတ်းတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ ၸဝ်ႈၸႆၢးလူင် ဢၼ်သဵင်ႈၵၢမ်ႇသုတ်းမုၼ်ၵႂႃႇ တီႈတႃႈၵုင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1997 ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။

ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ပိုၼ်းတႆး ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မင်းရႆၢး တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉၸိုင် ၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ တေၽႄႈတိူၼ်း ၶိုၼ်ႈယႂ်ႇမႂ်ႇသုင်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈပွႆႇ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈလႄႈ သင်ႇၶၸဝ်ႈ ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇမႃး မိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင် မိူဝ်ႈ 1253 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆ ယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈထႅင်ႈသၢဝ်းပီလိူဝ်လိူဝ် ၸဝ်ႈသိတ်ႉပၼ်ႇတု သမ်ႉမႃးသိုပ်ႇႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် သႃႇသၼႃႇထႅင်ႈ တီႈၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ မႃးသိုပ်ႇပူၵ်းတင်ႈ ဝတ်ႉသီႇလင် မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ဝတ်ႉၾႃႉၵႅဝ်ႈ၊ ဝတ်ႉႁူဝ်ၶူင်ႇ၊ ဝတ်ႉပႃႇၵၢင်းဝတ်ႉၾႃႉၵၢင်း၊ ဝတ်ႉၸွမ်တွင်းထႅင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈ 1370 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Popular History of Thailand'', p-18., Nawkhamla, An Analytical Study of Tai Buddhism, p-77. &lt;/ref&gt;

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ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းမင်းရႆၢး မႃးပူၵ်းတင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1262 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းမင်းရႆၢးၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽွင်းငမ်း မိူင်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ်၊ မိူင်းထႆး တႄႇဢဝ်ပီ 1296 ၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဝဵင်းလူင်မၼ်း ပဵၼ်ၵဵင်းႁႆး (Chiangrai) လႄႈ လၢၼ်ႉၼႃး ၵဵင်းမႆႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;James G. Scott, burma: ''A Handbook of Practical information'', p.491&lt;/ref&gt;  မိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ် လႆႈၽွင်းငမ်းၵႂႃႇ 800 ပီပၢႆပၢႆၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၵေႃႉလိုၼ်းသုတ်းတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ ၸဝ်ႈၸႆၢးလူင် ဢၼ်သဵင်ႈၵၢမ်ႇသုတ်းမုၼ်ၵႂႃႇ တီႈတႃႈၵုင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1997 ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။

ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ပိုၼ်းတႆး ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မင်းရႆၢး တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉၸိုင် ၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ တေၽႄႈတိူၼ်း ၶိုၼ်ႈယႂ်ႇမႂ်ႇသုင်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈပွႆႇ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈလႄႈ သင်ႇၶၸဝ်ႈ ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇမႃး မိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင် မိူဝ်ႈ 1253 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆ ယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈထႅင်ႈသၢဝ်းပီလိူဝ်လိူဝ် ၸဝ်ႈသိတ်ႉပၼ်ႇတု သမ်ႉမႃးသိုပ်ႇႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် သႃႇသၼႃႇထႅင်ႈ တီႈၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ မႃးသိုပ်ႇပူၵ်းတင်ႈ ဝတ်ႉသီႇလင် မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ဝတ်ႉၾႃႉၵႅဝ်ႈ၊ ဝတ်ႉႁူဝ်ၶူင်ႇ၊ ဝတ်ႉပႃႇၵၢင်းဝတ်ႉၾႃႉၵၢင်း၊ ဝတ်ႉၸွမ်တွင်းထႅင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈ 1370 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Popular History of Thailand'', p-18., Nawkhamla, An Analytical Study of Tai Buddhism, p-77. &lt;/ref&gt;

သႃႇသၼႃႇၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်သႆၢမၼ်းဝႃႈ ၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် တင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈဝတ်ႉမႁႃႇဝိႁႃႇရ မိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃ၊ ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈဢရႁၼ်ႇ မႁိၼ်ႇတ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မႃးပိုၼ်ၽႄႈ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ဝႃႈၼၼ်သေတ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် တီႈမိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃသေ မႃးၵမ်းလဵဝ်ၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်ပွတ်း မႃႇတပၢၼ်ႇ ဢၼ် ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မုတ်ႉတမ မိူင်းမွၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉသေ မႃးၽွင်ႈ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ်သေ မႃးၵေႃႈမီးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Buddhism in Kengtung: A Brief History, Article'', By Sao Dr. Dhammasami, p.2&lt;/ref&gt;

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| title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး
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ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းမင်းရႆၢး မႃးပူၵ်းတင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1262 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းမင်းရႆၢးၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽွင်းငမ်း မိူင်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ်၊ မိူင်းထႆး တႄႇဢဝ်ပီ 1296 ၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဝဵင်းလူင်မၼ်း ပဵၼ်ၵဵင်းႁႆး (Chiangrai) လႄႈ လၢၼ်ႉၼႃး ၵဵင်းမႆႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;James G. Scott, burma: ''A Handbook of Practical information'', p.491&lt;/ref&gt;  မိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ် လႆႈၽွင်းငမ်းၵႂႃႇ 800 ပီပၢႆပၢႆၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၵေႃႉလိုၼ်းသုတ်းတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ ၸဝ်ႈၸႆၢးလူင် ဢၼ်သဵင်ႈၵၢမ်ႇသုတ်းမုၼ်ၵႂႃႇ တီႈတႃႈၵုင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1997 ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။

ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ပိုၼ်းတႆး ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မင်းရႆၢး တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉၸိုင် ၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ တေၽႄႈတိူၼ်း ၶိုၼ်ႈယႂ်ႇမႂ်ႇသုင်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈပွႆႇ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈလႄႈ သင်ႇၶၸဝ်ႈ ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇမႃး မိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင် မိူဝ်ႈ 1253 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆ ယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈထႅင်ႈသၢဝ်းပီလိူဝ်လိူဝ် ၸဝ်ႈသိတ်ႉပၼ်ႇတု သမ်ႉမႃးသိုပ်ႇႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် သႃႇသၼႃႇထႅင်ႈ တီႈၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ မႃးသိုပ်ႇပူၵ်းတင်ႈ ဝတ်ႉသီႇလင် မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ဝတ်ႉၾႃႉၵႅဝ်ႈ၊ ဝတ်ႉႁူဝ်ၶူင်ႇ၊ ဝတ်ႉပႃႇၵၢင်းဝတ်ႉၾႃႉၵၢင်း၊ ဝတ်ႉၸွမ်တွင်းထႅင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈ 1370 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Popular History of Thailand'', p-18., Nawkhamla, An Analytical Study of Tai Buddhism, p-77. &lt;/ref&gt;

သႃႇသၼႃႇၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်သႆၢမၼ်းဝႃႈ ၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် တင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈဝတ်ႉမႁႃႇဝိႁႃႇရ မိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃ၊ ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈဢရႁၼ်ႇ မႁိၼ်ႇတ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မႃးပိုၼ်ၽႄႈ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ဝႃႈၼၼ်သေတ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် တီႈမိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃသေ မႃးၵမ်းလဵဝ်ၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်ပွတ်း မႃႇတပၢၼ်ႇ ဢၼ် ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မုတ်ႉတမ မိူင်းမွၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉသေ မႃးၽွင်ႈ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ်သေ မႃးၵေႃႈမီးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Buddhism in Kengtung: A Brief History, Article'', By Sao Dr. Dhammasami, p.2&lt;/ref&gt;

ပွတ်းမႃႇတပၢၼ်ႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ရႃႇမၺ်ႇၺတေႇသၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်လိုဝ်းလင်ဝႃႈ တိူင်းသုဝၼ်ႇၼၽူႇမိၼႆယူႇ။ ပွတ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ဝၢႆးသေ လႆႈႁပ်ႉႁွင်းဢဝ် သႃႇသၼႃႇ တမ်ႈတီႈ ၸဝ်ႈသေႃးၼ လႄႈ ၸဝ်ႈဢုတ်ႉတရ ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းဢသေႃးၵ ပွႆႇမႃး မိူဝ်ႈပီ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ ဝႆၢးၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ငဝ်ႈငႂႃႇလူင် သႃႇသၼႃႇ တႃႇတေၽႄႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈၼႆႉယူႇ။  မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1057 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၼေႃႇရထႃႇ (1044-77 ဢေႇၻီႇ) သမ်ႉၵႂႃႇ တိုၵ်းဢဝ်မႃး ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ တီႈမိူင်းသထုင်ႇသုဝၼ်ႇၼၽူႇ မိ 32 ၸုမ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပၢၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ၽွင်းငမ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵႆႉၵႆႉၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇၵၼ် တင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃ ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ထမ်ႇမၸေႇတီႇ (1472-92) ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ပူၵ်းတင်ႈသိမ်ႇၵလျႃႇၼီႇ တီႈမိူင်းပၵူဝ်း။ သိမ်ႇၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ ၵိုၵ်းပိုၼ်းဝႆႉ တေႃႇယၢမ်းလဵဝ်ယူႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၵႆႉၵႆႉသူင်ႇ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၼႂ်းမိူင်း ၵႂႃႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း လိူင်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈမိူင်းလင်းၵႃလႆၢလၢႆပွၵ်ႈ။ ဝႃႈတႄႉၵေႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈၼႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ထမ်ႇမၸေႇတီႇ ပႆႇပွႆႇမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၼ်း ၵႂႃႇၶိုၼ်းႁဵတ်းရႁၢၼ်း တီႈမိူင်းလင်းၵႃၼၼ်ႉ ၾိင်ႈထုင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃၵေႃႈ ၶဝ်မႃးၸွမ်းဢဝ် ပိူင်လႆၢးႁဵတ်းလႆၢးသၢင်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပွတ်းရႃႇမၺ်ႇၺတေႇသ ၼႆႉၵူၺ်းၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်းလိၵ်ႈၽႃႁိၼ် ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸွမ်းသိမ်ႇၵလျႃႇၼီႇ ၼႂ်းႁႃႈၶေႃႈၼၼ်ႉ တႃႇသီႇၶေႃႈ ပဵၼ်လႆၢးႁဵတ်းလႆၢးသၢင်ႈ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိၵ်ႈၽႃႁိၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႇဝႃႈ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ၶေႃႈပူင် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ထမ်ႇမၸေႇတီႇ ဢၼ်ၵႆႉၵပ်းသိုပ်းၵၼ် တင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇလင်းၵႃၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt; Taw Sein Ko (translated) ''Kalyani Inscriptions'', pp. 58-9.&lt;/ref&gt; 

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[[Category:တႆး]]</text>
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| title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး
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ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းမင်းရႆၢး မႃးပူၵ်းတင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1262 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းမင်းရႆၢးၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽွင်းငမ်း မိူင်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ်၊ မိူင်းထႆး တႄႇဢဝ်ပီ 1296 ၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဝဵင်းလူင်မၼ်း ပဵၼ်ၵဵင်းႁႆး (Chiangrai) လႄႈ လၢၼ်ႉၼႃး ၵဵင်းမႆႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;James G. Scott, burma: ''A Handbook of Practical information'', p.491&lt;/ref&gt;  မိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ် လႆႈၽွင်းငမ်းၵႂႃႇ 800 ပီပၢႆပၢႆၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၵေႃႉလိုၼ်းသုတ်းတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ ၸဝ်ႈၸႆၢးလူင် ဢၼ်သဵင်ႈၵၢမ်ႇသုတ်းမုၼ်ၵႂႃႇ တီႈတႃႈၵုင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1997 ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။

ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ပိုၼ်းတႆး ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မင်းရႆၢး တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉၸိုင် ၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ တေၽႄႈတိူၼ်း ၶိုၼ်ႈယႂ်ႇမႂ်ႇသုင်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈပွႆႇ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈလႄႈ သင်ႇၶၸဝ်ႈ ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇမႃး မိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင် မိူဝ်ႈ 1253 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆ ယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈထႅင်ႈသၢဝ်းပီလိူဝ်လိူဝ် ၸဝ်ႈသိတ်ႉပၼ်ႇတု သမ်ႉမႃးသိုပ်ႇႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် သႃႇသၼႃႇထႅင်ႈ တီႈၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ မႃးသိုပ်ႇပူၵ်းတင်ႈ ဝတ်ႉသီႇလင် မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ဝတ်ႉၾႃႉၵႅဝ်ႈ၊ ဝတ်ႉႁူဝ်ၶူင်ႇ၊ ဝတ်ႉပႃႇၵၢင်းဝတ်ႉၾႃႉၵၢင်း၊ ဝတ်ႉၸွမ်တွင်းထႅင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈ 1370 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Popular History of Thailand'', p-18., Nawkhamla, An Analytical Study of Tai Buddhism, p-77. &lt;/ref&gt;

သႃႇသၼႃႇၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်သႆၢမၼ်းဝႃႈ ၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် တင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈဝတ်ႉမႁႃႇဝိႁႃႇရ မိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃ၊ ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈဢရႁၼ်ႇ မႁိၼ်ႇတ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မႃးပိုၼ်ၽႄႈ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ဝႃႈၼၼ်သေတ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် တီႈမိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃသေ မႃးၵမ်းလဵဝ်ၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်ပွတ်း မႃႇတပၢၼ်ႇ ဢၼ် ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မုတ်ႉတမ မိူင်းမွၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉသေ မႃးၽွင်ႈ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ်သေ မႃးၵေႃႈမီးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Buddhism in Kengtung: A Brief History, Article'', By Sao Dr. Dhammasami, p.2&lt;/ref&gt;

ပွတ်းမႃႇတပၢၼ်ႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ရႃႇမၺ်ႇၺတေႇသၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်လိုဝ်းလင်ဝႃႈ တိူင်းသုဝၼ်ႇၼၽူႇမိၼႆယူႇ။ ပွတ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ဝၢႆးသေ လႆႈႁပ်ႉႁွင်းဢဝ် သႃႇသၼႃႇ တမ်ႈတီႈ ၸဝ်ႈသေႃးၼ လႄႈ ၸဝ်ႈဢုတ်ႉတရ ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းဢသေႃးၵ ပွႆႇမႃး မိူဝ်ႈပီ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ ဝႆၢးၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ငဝ်ႈငႂႃႇလူင် သႃႇသၼႃႇ တႃႇတေၽႄႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈၼႆႉယူႇ။  မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1057 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၼေႃႇရထႃႇ (1044-77 ဢေႇၻီႇ) သမ်ႉၵႂႃႇ တိုၵ်းဢဝ်မႃး ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ တီႈမိူင်းသထုင်ႇသုဝၼ်ႇၼၽူႇ မိ 32 ၸုမ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပၢၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ၽွင်းငမ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵႆႉၵႆႉၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇၵၼ် တင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃ ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ထမ်ႇမၸေႇတီႇ (1472-92) ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ပူၵ်းတင်ႈသိမ်ႇၵလျႃႇၼီႇ တီႈမိူင်းပၵူဝ်း။ သိမ်ႇၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ ၵိုၵ်းပိုၼ်းဝႆႉ တေႃႇယၢမ်းလဵဝ်ယူႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၵႆႉၵႆႉသူင်ႇ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၼႂ်းမိူင်း ၵႂႃႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း လိူင်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈမိူင်းလင်းၵႃလႆၢလၢႆပွၵ်ႈ။ ဝႃႈတႄႉၵေႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈၼႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ထမ်ႇမၸေႇတီႇ ပႆႇပွႆႇမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၼ်း ၵႂႃႇၶိုၼ်းႁဵတ်းရႁၢၼ်း တီႈမိူင်းလင်းၵႃၼၼ်ႉ ၾိင်ႈထုင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃၵေႃႈ ၶဝ်မႃးၸွမ်းဢဝ် ပိူင်လႆၢးႁဵတ်းလႆၢးသၢင်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပွတ်းရႃႇမၺ်ႇၺတေႇသ ၼႆႉၵူၺ်းၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်းလိၵ်ႈၽႃႁိၼ် ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸွမ်းသိမ်ႇၵလျႃႇၼီႇ ၼႂ်းႁႃႈၶေႃႈၼၼ်ႉ တႃႇသီႇၶေႃႈ ပဵၼ်လႆၢးႁဵတ်းလႆၢးသၢင်ႈ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိၵ်ႈၽႃႁိၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႇဝႃႈ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ၶေႃႈပူင် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ထမ်ႇမၸေႇတီႇ ဢၼ်ၵႆႉၵပ်းသိုပ်းၵၼ် တင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇလင်းၵႃၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt; Taw Sein Ko (translated) ''Kalyani Inscriptions'', pp. 58-9.&lt;/ref&gt; 

ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ် ဢၼ်တင်ႈၸဝ်ႉသေပိူၼ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းထႆးၼႆႉ မၼ်းၶႂ်ႈတူၵ်းၺႃး ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်ၵၼ် တင်းပၢၼ်တႂႃႇရဝတီႇ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ (6-11) ဢေႇၻီႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းမွၼ်း တႂ်ႈဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ၶုၼ်ၶမႃႇၶဝ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၾိင်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ လင်ႇၵႃႇဝမ်ႇသ ဢၼ်မႃးထိုင် ၵဵင်းသႅၼ်ၼႆႉ ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်း လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်တီႈ သုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆးသေမႃး၊ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉတီႈ ဢယုတ်ႉထယသေမႃး။ သုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆး (1219-1350 ဢေႇၻီႇ)ၼႆႉ ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်း ၶဝ်ႁပ်ႉႁွင်းဢဝ် ပိူင်သႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃ မိူဝ်ႈ 1276 ဢေႇၻီႇ တီႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၼၶွၼ်း သီႇရိထမ်ႇမရတ်ႉ (Nakon Sridhamma-raj) ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူင်းသုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆးၼၼ်ႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပေႃးႁိူဝ်ႈႁိူင်းမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ လႆႈမွၵ်ႈ သိပ်းသၢဝ်းပီၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ တီႈၼၼ်ႈ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈမၼ်းပဵၼ် တီႈမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသီႇႁူဝ်ႇၶဝ် ႁူမ်ႈလူၺ်ႈ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈမိူင်းထႆး ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်ၵႂႃႇႁဵၼ်းလိၵ်ႈ တီႈမိူင်းလင်းၵႃ ၶိုၼ်း မႃးႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၼႂ်းမၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၼၶွၼ်းသီႇရိထမ်ႇမရတ်ႉၼႆႉ ဝၢႆးသေ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈလႆႈငိၼ်းဝႃႈ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈမိူင်းလင်းၵႃၶဝ် လူင်ႉလႅၼ်ႇပိတၵၢတ်ႈၼႃႇ၊ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ပၵ်းပိူင်လွင်ႈယူႇသဝ်းၵေႃႈ ၶႅမ်ႉၼႃႇၼႆၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈပၢင်းဢဝ် မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသီႇႁူဝ်ႇၶဝ် မႃးႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ်ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်း မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

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ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းမင်းရႆၢး မႃးပူၵ်းတင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1262 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းမင်းရႆၢးၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽွင်းငမ်း မိူင်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ်၊ မိူင်းထႆး တႄႇဢဝ်ပီ 1296 ၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဝဵင်းလူင်မၼ်း ပဵၼ်ၵဵင်းႁႆး (Chiangrai) လႄႈ လၢၼ်ႉၼႃး ၵဵင်းမႆႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;James G. Scott, burma: ''A Handbook of Practical information'', p.491&lt;/ref&gt;  မိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ် လႆႈၽွင်းငမ်းၵႂႃႇ 800 ပီပၢႆပၢႆၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၵေႃႉလိုၼ်းသုတ်းတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ ၸဝ်ႈၸႆၢးလူင် ဢၼ်သဵင်ႈၵၢမ်ႇသုတ်းမုၼ်ၵႂႃႇ တီႈတႃႈၵုင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1997 ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။

ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ပိုၼ်းတႆး ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မင်းရႆၢး တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉၸိုင် ၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ တေၽႄႈတိူၼ်း ၶိုၼ်ႈယႂ်ႇမႂ်ႇသုင်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈပွႆႇ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈလႄႈ သင်ႇၶၸဝ်ႈ ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇမႃး မိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင် မိူဝ်ႈ 1253 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆ ယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈထႅင်ႈသၢဝ်းပီလိူဝ်လိူဝ် ၸဝ်ႈသိတ်ႉပၼ်ႇတု သမ်ႉမႃးသိုပ်ႇႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် သႃႇသၼႃႇထႅင်ႈ တီႈၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ မႃးသိုပ်ႇပူၵ်းတင်ႈ ဝတ်ႉသီႇလင် မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ဝတ်ႉၾႃႉၵႅဝ်ႈ၊ ဝတ်ႉႁူဝ်ၶူင်ႇ၊ ဝတ်ႉပႃႇၵၢင်းဝတ်ႉၾႃႉၵၢင်း၊ ဝတ်ႉၸွမ်တွင်းထႅင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈ 1370 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Popular History of Thailand'', p-18., Nawkhamla, An Analytical Study of Tai Buddhism, p-77. &lt;/ref&gt;

သႃႇသၼႃႇၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်သႆၢမၼ်းဝႃႈ ၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် တင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈဝတ်ႉမႁႃႇဝိႁႃႇရ မိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃ၊ ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈဢရႁၼ်ႇ မႁိၼ်ႇတ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မႃးပိုၼ်ၽႄႈ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ဝႃႈၼၼ်သေတ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် တီႈမိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃသေ မႃးၵမ်းလဵဝ်ၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်ပွတ်း မႃႇတပၢၼ်ႇ ဢၼ် ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မုတ်ႉတမ မိူင်းမွၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉသေ မႃးၽွင်ႈ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ်သေ မႃးၵေႃႈမီးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Buddhism in Kengtung: A Brief History, Article'', By Sao Dr. Dhammasami, p.2&lt;/ref&gt;

ပွတ်းမႃႇတပၢၼ်ႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ရႃႇမၺ်ႇၺတေႇသၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်လိုဝ်းလင်ဝႃႈ တိူင်းသုဝၼ်ႇၼၽူႇမိၼႆယူႇ။ ပွတ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ဝၢႆးသေ လႆႈႁပ်ႉႁွင်းဢဝ် သႃႇသၼႃႇ တမ်ႈတီႈ ၸဝ်ႈသေႃးၼ လႄႈ ၸဝ်ႈဢုတ်ႉတရ ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းဢသေႃးၵ ပွႆႇမႃး မိူဝ်ႈပီ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ ဝႆၢးၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ငဝ်ႈငႂႃႇလူင် သႃႇသၼႃႇ တႃႇတေၽႄႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈၼႆႉယူႇ။  မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1057 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၼေႃႇရထႃႇ (1044-77 ဢေႇၻီႇ) သမ်ႉၵႂႃႇ တိုၵ်းဢဝ်မႃး ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ တီႈမိူင်းသထုင်ႇသုဝၼ်ႇၼၽူႇ မိ 32 ၸုမ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပၢၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ၽွင်းငမ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵႆႉၵႆႉၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇၵၼ် တင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃ ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ထမ်ႇမၸေႇတီႇ (1472-92) ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ပူၵ်းတင်ႈသိမ်ႇၵလျႃႇၼီႇ တီႈမိူင်းပၵူဝ်း။ သိမ်ႇၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ ၵိုၵ်းပိုၼ်းဝႆႉ တေႃႇယၢမ်းလဵဝ်ယူႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၵႆႉၵႆႉသူင်ႇ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၼႂ်းမိူင်း ၵႂႃႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း လိူင်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈမိူင်းလင်းၵႃလႆၢလၢႆပွၵ်ႈ။ ဝႃႈတႄႉၵေႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈၼႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ထမ်ႇမၸေႇတီႇ ပႆႇပွႆႇမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၼ်း ၵႂႃႇၶိုၼ်းႁဵတ်းရႁၢၼ်း တီႈမိူင်းလင်းၵႃၼၼ်ႉ ၾိင်ႈထုင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃၵေႃႈ ၶဝ်မႃးၸွမ်းဢဝ် ပိူင်လႆၢးႁဵတ်းလႆၢးသၢင်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပွတ်းရႃႇမၺ်ႇၺတေႇသ ၼႆႉၵူၺ်းၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်းလိၵ်ႈၽႃႁိၼ် ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸွမ်းသိမ်ႇၵလျႃႇၼီႇ ၼႂ်းႁႃႈၶေႃႈၼၼ်ႉ တႃႇသီႇၶေႃႈ ပဵၼ်လႆၢးႁဵတ်းလႆၢးသၢင်ႈ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိၵ်ႈၽႃႁိၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႇဝႃႈ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ၶေႃႈပူင် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ထမ်ႇမၸေႇတီႇ ဢၼ်ၵႆႉၵပ်းသိုပ်းၵၼ် တင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇလင်းၵႃၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt; Taw Sein Ko (translated) ''Kalyani Inscriptions'', pp. 58-9.&lt;/ref&gt; 

ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ် ဢၼ်တင်ႈၸဝ်ႉသေပိူၼ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းထႆးၼႆႉ မၼ်းၶႂ်ႈတူၵ်းၺႃး ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်ၵၼ် တင်းပၢၼ်တႂႃႇရဝတီႇ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ (6-11) ဢေႇၻီႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းမွၼ်း တႂ်ႈဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ၶုၼ်ၶမႃႇၶဝ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၾိင်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ လင်ႇၵႃႇဝမ်ႇသ ဢၼ်မႃးထိုင် ၵဵင်းသႅၼ်ၼႆႉ ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်း လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်တီႈ သုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆးသေမႃး၊ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉတီႈ ဢယုတ်ႉထယသေမႃး။ သုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆး (1219-1350 ဢေႇၻီႇ)ၼႆႉ ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်း ၶဝ်ႁပ်ႉႁွင်းဢဝ် ပိူင်သႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃ မိူဝ်ႈ 1276 ဢေႇၻီႇ တီႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၼၶွၼ်း သီႇရိထမ်ႇမရတ်ႉ (Nakon Sridhamma-raj) ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူင်းသုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆးၼၼ်ႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပေႃးႁိူဝ်ႈႁိူင်းမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ လႆႈမွၵ်ႈ သိပ်းသၢဝ်းပီၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ တီႈၼၼ်ႈ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈမၼ်းပဵၼ် တီႈမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသီႇႁူဝ်ႇၶဝ် ႁူမ်ႈလူၺ်ႈ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈမိူင်းထႆး ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်ၵႂႃႇႁဵၼ်းလိၵ်ႈ တီႈမိူင်းလင်းၵႃ ၶိုၼ်း မႃးႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၼႂ်းမၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၼၶွၼ်းသီႇရိထမ်ႇမရတ်ႉၼႆႉ ဝၢႆးသေ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈလႆႈငိၼ်းဝႃႈ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈမိူင်းလင်းၵႃၶဝ် လူင်ႉလႅၼ်ႇပိတၵၢတ်ႈၼႃႇ၊ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ပၵ်းပိူင်လွင်ႈယူႇသဝ်းၵေႃႈ ၶႅမ်ႉၼႃႇၼႆၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈပၢင်းဢဝ် မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသီႇႁူဝ်ႇၶဝ် မႃးႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ်ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်း မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

ၼိူဝ်လၵ်းသဝ်ႁိၼ် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ရမ်ႇၶမ်းႁႅင်း [Ram khamheng] 1276 ဢေႇၻီႇ ၼၼ်ႉ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ ''ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ရမ်ႇၶမ်းႁႅင်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းမေႃၵမ်ႉထႅမ်၊ လူႇတၢၼ်း ၵူၼ်းမီးသီႇလ၊ သမႃႇထိ၊ ပၺ်ႇၺႃႇ ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ၸဝ်ႈမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၸၢင်း ၸိူဝ်းလူင်ႉလႅၼ်ႇ ပိတၵၢတ်ႈထမ်းၸဝ်ႈ ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်မႃးမႂ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉတႄႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၶဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ၼၶွၼ်းသီႇရိထမ်ႇမရတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉမႃး''ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Prince Damrong Rajanubhab Buddhism in Thailand'', p.9.&lt;ref&gt;

ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉ ၸိၼၵလမႃႇလီႇ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၽႆၢႇပႃႇလိ မိူဝ်ႈ 1516 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလၢတ်ႈၼႄ ၶိူဝ်းၸဝ်ႈသုမၼ ၵႂႃႇႁဵတ်း သႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈမႃႇတပၢၼ်ႇ၊ ရႃႇမၺ်ႇၺတေႇသ တီႈဢၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ လႆႈလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းမႃး လွင်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃ၊ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇဢဝ်မႃးပိုၼ်ၽႄႈ တီႈသုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ 

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[[Category:တႆး]]</text>
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ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းမင်းရႆၢး မႃးပူၵ်းတင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1262 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းမင်းရႆၢးၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽွင်းငမ်း မိူင်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ်၊ မိူင်းထႆး တႄႇဢဝ်ပီ 1296 ၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဝဵင်းလူင်မၼ်း ပဵၼ်ၵဵင်းႁႆး (Chiangrai) လႄႈ လၢၼ်ႉၼႃး ၵဵင်းမႆႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;James G. Scott, burma: ''A Handbook of Practical information'', p.491&lt;/ref&gt;  မိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ် လႆႈၽွင်းငမ်းၵႂႃႇ 800 ပီပၢႆပၢႆၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၵေႃႉလိုၼ်းသုတ်းတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ ၸဝ်ႈၸႆၢးလူင် ဢၼ်သဵင်ႈၵၢမ်ႇသုတ်းမုၼ်ၵႂႃႇ တီႈတႃႈၵုင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1997 ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။

ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ပိုၼ်းတႆး ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မင်းရႆၢး တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉၸိုင် ၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ တေၽႄႈတိူၼ်း ၶိုၼ်ႈယႂ်ႇမႂ်ႇသုင်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈပွႆႇ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈလႄႈ သင်ႇၶၸဝ်ႈ ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇမႃး မိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင် မိူဝ်ႈ 1253 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆ ယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈထႅင်ႈသၢဝ်းပီလိူဝ်လိူဝ် ၸဝ်ႈသိတ်ႉပၼ်ႇတု သမ်ႉမႃးသိုပ်ႇႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် သႃႇသၼႃႇထႅင်ႈ တီႈၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ မႃးသိုပ်ႇပူၵ်းတင်ႈ ဝတ်ႉသီႇလင် မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ဝတ်ႉၾႃႉၵႅဝ်ႈ၊ ဝတ်ႉႁူဝ်ၶူင်ႇ၊ ဝတ်ႉပႃႇၵၢင်းဝတ်ႉၾႃႉၵၢင်း၊ ဝတ်ႉၸွမ်တွင်းထႅင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈ 1370 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Popular History of Thailand'', p-18., Nawkhamla, An Analytical Study of Tai Buddhism, p-77. &lt;/ref&gt;

သႃႇသၼႃႇၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်သႆၢမၼ်းဝႃႈ ၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် တင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈဝတ်ႉမႁႃႇဝိႁႃႇရ မိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃ၊ ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈဢရႁၼ်ႇ မႁိၼ်ႇတ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မႃးပိုၼ်ၽႄႈ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ဝႃႈၼၼ်သေတ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် တီႈမိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃသေ မႃးၵမ်းလဵဝ်ၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်ပွတ်း မႃႇတပၢၼ်ႇ ဢၼ် ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မုတ်ႉတမ မိူင်းမွၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉသေ မႃးၽွင်ႈ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ်သေ မႃးၵေႃႈမီးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Buddhism in Kengtung: A Brief History, Article'', By Sao Dr. Dhammasami, p.2&lt;/ref&gt;

ပွတ်းမႃႇတပၢၼ်ႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ရႃႇမၺ်ႇၺတေႇသၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်လိုဝ်းလင်ဝႃႈ တိူင်းသုဝၼ်ႇၼၽူႇမိၼႆယူႇ။ ပွတ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ဝၢႆးသေ လႆႈႁပ်ႉႁွင်းဢဝ် သႃႇသၼႃႇ တမ်ႈတီႈ ၸဝ်ႈသေႃးၼ လႄႈ ၸဝ်ႈဢုတ်ႉတရ ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းဢသေႃးၵ ပွႆႇမႃး မိူဝ်ႈပီ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ ဝႆၢးၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ငဝ်ႈငႂႃႇလူင် သႃႇသၼႃႇ တႃႇတေၽႄႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈၼႆႉယူႇ။  မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1057 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၼေႃႇရထႃႇ (1044-77 ဢေႇၻီႇ) သမ်ႉၵႂႃႇ တိုၵ်းဢဝ်မႃး ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ တီႈမိူင်းသထုင်ႇသုဝၼ်ႇၼၽူႇ မိ 32 ၸုမ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပၢၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ၽွင်းငမ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵႆႉၵႆႉၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇၵၼ် တင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃ ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ထမ်ႇမၸေႇတီႇ (1472-92) ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ပူၵ်းတင်ႈသိမ်ႇၵလျႃႇၼီႇ တီႈမိူင်းပၵူဝ်း။ သိမ်ႇၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ ၵိုၵ်းပိုၼ်းဝႆႉ တေႃႇယၢမ်းလဵဝ်ယူႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၵႆႉၵႆႉသူင်ႇ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၼႂ်းမိူင်း ၵႂႃႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း လိူင်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈမိူင်းလင်းၵႃလႆၢလၢႆပွၵ်ႈ။ ဝႃႈတႄႉၵေႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈၼႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ထမ်ႇမၸေႇတီႇ ပႆႇပွႆႇမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၼ်း ၵႂႃႇၶိုၼ်းႁဵတ်းရႁၢၼ်း တီႈမိူင်းလင်းၵႃၼၼ်ႉ ၾိင်ႈထုင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃၵေႃႈ ၶဝ်မႃးၸွမ်းဢဝ် ပိူင်လႆၢးႁဵတ်းလႆၢးသၢင်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပွတ်းရႃႇမၺ်ႇၺတေႇသ ၼႆႉၵူၺ်းၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်းလိၵ်ႈၽႃႁိၼ် ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸွမ်းသိမ်ႇၵလျႃႇၼီႇ ၼႂ်းႁႃႈၶေႃႈၼၼ်ႉ တႃႇသီႇၶေႃႈ ပဵၼ်လႆၢးႁဵတ်းလႆၢးသၢင်ႈ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိၵ်ႈၽႃႁိၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႇဝႃႈ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ၶေႃႈပူင် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ထမ်ႇမၸေႇတီႇ ဢၼ်ၵႆႉၵပ်းသိုပ်းၵၼ် တင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇလင်းၵႃၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt; Taw Sein Ko (translated) ''Kalyani Inscriptions'', pp. 58-9.&lt;/ref&gt; 

ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ် ဢၼ်တင်ႈၸဝ်ႉသေပိူၼ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းထႆးၼႆႉ မၼ်းၶႂ်ႈတူၵ်းၺႃး ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်ၵၼ် တင်းပၢၼ်တႂႃႇရဝတီႇ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ (6-11) ဢေႇၻီႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းမွၼ်း တႂ်ႈဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ၶုၼ်ၶမႃႇၶဝ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၾိင်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ လင်ႇၵႃႇဝမ်ႇသ ဢၼ်မႃးထိုင် ၵဵင်းသႅၼ်ၼႆႉ ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်း လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်တီႈ သုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆးသေမႃး၊ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉတီႈ ဢယုတ်ႉထယသေမႃး။ သုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆး (1219-1350 ဢေႇၻီႇ)ၼႆႉ ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်း ၶဝ်ႁပ်ႉႁွင်းဢဝ် ပိူင်သႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃ မိူဝ်ႈ 1276 ဢေႇၻီႇ တီႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၼၶွၼ်း သီႇရိထမ်ႇမရတ်ႉ (Nakon Sridhamma-raj) ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူင်းသုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆးၼၼ်ႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပေႃးႁိူဝ်ႈႁိူင်းမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ လႆႈမွၵ်ႈ သိပ်းသၢဝ်းပီၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ တီႈၼၼ်ႈ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈမၼ်းပဵၼ် တီႈမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသီႇႁူဝ်ႇၶဝ် ႁူမ်ႈလူၺ်ႈ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈမိူင်းထႆး ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်ၵႂႃႇႁဵၼ်းလိၵ်ႈ တီႈမိူင်းလင်းၵႃ ၶိုၼ်း မႃးႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၼႂ်းမၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၼၶွၼ်းသီႇရိထမ်ႇမရတ်ႉၼႆႉ ဝၢႆးသေ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈလႆႈငိၼ်းဝႃႈ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈမိူင်းလင်းၵႃၶဝ် လူင်ႉလႅၼ်ႇပိတၵၢတ်ႈၼႃႇ၊ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ပၵ်းပိူင်လွင်ႈယူႇသဝ်းၵေႃႈ ၶႅမ်ႉၼႃႇၼႆၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈပၢင်းဢဝ် မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသီႇႁူဝ်ႇၶဝ် မႃးႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ်ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်း မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

ၼိူဝ်လၵ်းသဝ်ႁိၼ် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ရမ်ႇၶမ်းႁႅင်း [Ram khamheng] 1276 ဢေႇၻီႇ ၼၼ်ႉ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ ''ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ရမ်ႇၶမ်းႁႅင်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းမေႃၵမ်ႉထႅမ်၊ လူႇတၢၼ်း ၵူၼ်းမီးသီႇလ၊ သမႃႇထိ၊ ပၺ်ႇၺႃႇ ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ၸဝ်ႈမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၸၢင်း ၸိူဝ်းလူင်ႉလႅၼ်ႇ ပိတၵၢတ်ႈထမ်းၸဝ်ႈ ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်မႃးမႂ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉတႄႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၶဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ၼၶွၼ်းသီႇရိထမ်ႇမရတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉမႃး''ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Prince Damrong Rajanubhab Buddhism in Thailand'', p.9.&lt;ref&gt;

ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉ ၸိၼၵလမႃႇလီႇ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၽႆၢႇပႃႇလိ မိူဝ်ႈ 1516 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလၢတ်ႈၼႄ ၶိူဝ်းၸဝ်ႈသုမၼ ၵႂႃႇႁဵတ်း သႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈမႃႇတပၢၼ်ႇ၊ ရႃႇမၺ်ႇၺတေႇသ တီႈဢၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ လႆႈလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းမႃး လွင်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃ၊ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇဢဝ်မႃးပိုၼ်ၽႄႈ တီႈသုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ 

သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်မႃးထိုင် ၼႂ်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ်ၼႆႉ မႃးၸွမ်း တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ၸဝ်ႈသုမၼ မိူဝ်ႈ 1030-110 ဢေႇၻီႇလႄႈ တင်းၸဝ်ႈဢၼေႃးမတတ်ႉသီႇ ဢၼ်လႆႈသွၼ်ပိတၵၢတ်ႈမႃးတီႈ မႃႇတပၢၼ်ႇ ၼႃႈၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈမႃး သုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။  ၽရူဝ်ႇၾႅၵ်ႉသိူဝ်ႇ ဢႅတ်ႉၵျေႇ ထမ်ႇပီႇယႃႇ (Professor S.J Tambiah) ၵေႃႈ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉ 'ၽူႈဢွင်ႇပေႉ ၼႂ်းလူၵ်ႈလႄႈ ၽူႈၽၢတ်ႇဢွၵ်ႇ ၼႂ်းလူၵ်ႈ' ၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ပပ်ႉပိုၼ်းမူႇလသႃႇသၼႃႇထႆး ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၽႆၢႇပႃႇလိၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ 'ၵိူင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇလင်းၵႃ ၽူႈယူႇသဝ်း ၼႂ်းထိူၼ်ႇ၊ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ ရႃႇမၺ်ႇၺတေႇသ တီႈပၢၼ်ႇႁိမ်းမႃႇတပၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းလင်းၵႃ မႃႁႃႇသႃႇမိ ပေႃးၼပ်ႉယမ်' ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ 'မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈထႆးသွင်တူၼ် ၸဝ်ႈဢၼေႃးမတတ်ႉသီႇလႄႈ ၸဝ်ႈသုမၼၼႆႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၵႂႃႇ တီႈပၢၼ်ႇသေ ၵႂႃႇၶိုၼ်းႁဵတ်းၸၢင်း သမ်ႉၵႂႃႇသွၼ်ဢဝ်တၢင်းမေႃ ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ တမ်ႈတီႈမႁႃႇသႃႇမိၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈသုမၼ ၶိုၼ်းမႃးတီႈ သုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆးသေ ဝႆၢးၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလူဝ်တႆး (King Lo Tai) တုၵ်းယွၼ်းႁႂ်ႈတင်ႈပၼ် ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃ။ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈသိုပ်ႇမႃး တီႈၵဵင်းသႅၼ်သေ မႃးႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈၼၼ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;S. J. Tambiah, ''The Word Conqueror and the World Renouncer'', pp. 73-77.&lt;/ref&gt;

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[[Category:တႆး]]</text>
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| title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး
| author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ်
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ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းမင်းရႆၢး မႃးပူၵ်းတင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1262 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းမင်းရႆၢးၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽွင်းငမ်း မိူင်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ်၊ မိူင်းထႆး တႄႇဢဝ်ပီ 1296 ၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ဝဵင်းလူင်မၼ်း ပဵၼ်ၵဵင်းႁႆး (Chiangrai) လႄႈ လၢၼ်ႉၼႃး ၵဵင်းမႆႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;James G. Scott, burma: ''A Handbook of Practical information'', p.491&lt;/ref&gt;  မိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၶဝ် လႆႈၽွင်းငမ်းၵႂႃႇ 800 ပီပၢႆပၢႆၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉၵေႃႉလိုၼ်းသုတ်းတႄႉ ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ ၸဝ်ႈၸႆၢးလူင် ဢၼ်သဵင်ႈၵၢမ်ႇသုတ်းမုၼ်ၵႂႃႇ တီႈတႃႈၵုင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1997 ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။

ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ပိုၼ်းတႆး ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မင်းရႆၢး တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉၸိုင် ၼင်ႇႁိုဝ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ တေၽႄႈတိူၼ်း ၶိုၼ်ႈယႂ်ႇမႂ်ႇသုင်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈပွႆႇ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈလႄႈ သင်ႇၶၸဝ်ႈ ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇမႃး မိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင် မိူဝ်ႈ 1253 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆ ယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈထႅင်ႈသၢဝ်းပီလိူဝ်လိူဝ် ၸဝ်ႈသိတ်ႉပၼ်ႇတု သမ်ႉမႃးသိုပ်ႇႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် သႃႇသၼႃႇထႅင်ႈ တီႈၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ မႃးသိုပ်ႇပူၵ်းတင်ႈ ဝတ်ႉသီႇလင် မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ဝတ်ႉၾႃႉၵႅဝ်ႈ၊ ဝတ်ႉႁူဝ်ၶူင်ႇ၊ ဝတ်ႉပႃႇၵၢင်းဝတ်ႉၾႃႉၵၢင်း၊ ဝတ်ႉၸွမ်တွင်းထႅင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈ 1370 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Popular History of Thailand'', p-18., Nawkhamla, An Analytical Study of Tai Buddhism, p-77. &lt;/ref&gt;

သႃႇသၼႃႇၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်သႆၢမၼ်းဝႃႈ ၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် တင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈဝတ်ႉမႁႃႇဝိႁႃႇရ မိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃ၊ ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈဢရႁၼ်ႇ မႁိၼ်ႇတ လုၵ်ႈၸႆၢးၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မႃးပိုၼ်ၽႄႈ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ဝႃႈၼၼ်သေတ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် တီႈမိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃသေ မႃးၵမ်းလဵဝ်ၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်ပွတ်း မႃႇတပၢၼ်ႇ ဢၼ် ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မုတ်ႉတမ မိူင်းမွၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉသေ မႃးၽွင်ႈ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ်သေ မႃးၵေႃႈမီးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Buddhism in Kengtung: A Brief History, Article'', By Sao Dr. Dhammasami, p.2&lt;/ref&gt;

ပွတ်းမႃႇတပၢၼ်ႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ရႃႇမၺ်ႇၺတေႇသၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်လိုဝ်းလင်ဝႃႈ တိူင်းသုဝၼ်ႇၼၽူႇမိၼႆယူႇ။ ပွတ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ဝၢႆးသေ လႆႈႁပ်ႉႁွင်းဢဝ် သႃႇသၼႃႇ တမ်ႈတီႈ ၸဝ်ႈသေႃးၼ လႄႈ ၸဝ်ႈဢုတ်ႉတရ ဢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းဢသေႃးၵ ပွႆႇမႃး မိူဝ်ႈပီ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ ဝႆၢးၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ငဝ်ႈငႂႃႇလူင် သႃႇသၼႃႇ တႃႇတေၽႄႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈၼႆႉယူႇ။  မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1057 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၼေႃႇရထႃႇ (1044-77 ဢေႇၻီႇ) သမ်ႉၵႂႃႇ တိုၵ်းဢဝ်မႃး ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ တီႈမိူင်းသထုင်ႇသုဝၼ်ႇၼၽူႇ မိ 32 ၸုမ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပၢၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ၽွင်းငမ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵႆႉၵႆႉၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇၵၼ် တင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃ ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ထမ်ႇမၸေႇတီႇ (1472-92) ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ပူၵ်းတင်ႈသိမ်ႇၵလျႃႇၼီႇ တီႈမိူင်းပၵူဝ်း။ သိမ်ႇၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ ၵိုၵ်းပိုၼ်းဝႆႉ တေႃႇယၢမ်းလဵဝ်ယူႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၵႆႉၵႆႉသူင်ႇ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၼႂ်းမိူင်း ၵႂႃႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း လိူင်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈမိူင်းလင်းၵႃလႆၢလၢႆပွၵ်ႈ။ ဝႃႈတႄႉၵေႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈၼႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ထမ်ႇမၸေႇတီႇ ပႆႇပွႆႇမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၼ်း ၵႂႃႇၶိုၼ်းႁဵတ်းရႁၢၼ်း တီႈမိူင်းလင်းၵႃၼၼ်ႉ ၾိင်ႈထုင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃၵေႃႈ ၶဝ်မႃးၸွမ်းဢဝ် ပိူင်လႆၢးႁဵတ်းလႆၢးသၢင်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပွတ်းရႃႇမၺ်ႇၺတေႇသ ၼႆႉၵူၺ်းၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်းလိၵ်ႈၽႃႁိၼ် ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸွမ်းသိမ်ႇၵလျႃႇၼီႇ ၼႂ်းႁႃႈၶေႃႈၼၼ်ႉ တႃႇသီႇၶေႃႈ ပဵၼ်လႆၢးႁဵတ်းလႆၢးသၢင်ႈ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိၵ်ႈၽႃႁိၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႇဝႃႈ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ၶေႃႈပူင် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ထမ်ႇမၸေႇတီႇ ဢၼ်ၵႆႉၵပ်းသိုပ်းၵၼ် တင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇလင်းၵႃၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt; Taw Sein Ko (translated) ''Kalyani Inscriptions'', pp. 58-9.&lt;/ref&gt; 

ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ် ဢၼ်တင်ႈၸဝ်ႉသေပိူၼ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းထႆးၼႆႉ မၼ်းၶႂ်ႈတူၵ်းၺႃး ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်ၵၼ် တင်းပၢၼ်တႂႃႇရဝတီႇ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ (6-11) ဢေႇၻီႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းမွၼ်း တႂ်ႈဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ၶုၼ်ၶမႃႇၶဝ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၾိင်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ လင်ႇၵႃႇဝမ်ႇသ ဢၼ်မႃးထိုင် ၵဵင်းသႅၼ်ၼႆႉ ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်း လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်တီႈ သုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆးသေမႃး၊ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉတီႈ ဢယုတ်ႉထယသေမႃး။ သုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆး (1219-1350 ဢေႇၻီႇ)ၼႆႉ ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်း ၶဝ်ႁပ်ႉႁွင်းဢဝ် ပိူင်သႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃ မိူဝ်ႈ 1276 ဢေႇၻီႇ တီႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၼၶွၼ်း သီႇရိထမ်ႇမရတ်ႉ (Nakon Sridhamma-raj) ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူင်းသုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆးၼၼ်ႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပေႃးႁိူဝ်ႈႁိူင်းမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ လႆႈမွၵ်ႈ သိပ်းသၢဝ်းပီၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ တီႈၼၼ်ႈ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈမၼ်းပဵၼ် တီႈမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသီႇႁူဝ်ႇၶဝ် ႁူမ်ႈလူၺ်ႈ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈမိူင်းထႆး ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်ၵႂႃႇႁဵၼ်းလိၵ်ႈ တီႈမိူင်းလင်းၵႃ ၶိုၼ်း မႃးႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ် ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၼႂ်းမၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၼၶွၼ်းသီႇရိထမ်ႇမရတ်ႉၼႆႉ ဝၢႆးသေ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈလႆႈငိၼ်းဝႃႈ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈမိူင်းလင်းၵႃၶဝ် လူင်ႉလႅၼ်ႇပိတၵၢတ်ႈၼႃႇ၊ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ပၵ်းပိူင်လွင်ႈယူႇသဝ်းၵေႃႈ ၶႅမ်ႉၼႃႇၼႆၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈပၢင်းဢဝ် မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသီႇႁူဝ်ႇၶဝ် မႃးႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ်ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်း မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။

ၼိူဝ်လၵ်းသဝ်ႁိၼ် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ရမ်ႇၶမ်းႁႅင်း [Ram khamheng] 1276 ဢေႇၻီႇ ၼၼ်ႉ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ ''ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ရမ်ႇၶမ်းႁႅင်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းမေႃၵမ်ႉထႅမ်၊ လူႇတၢၼ်း ၵူၼ်းမီးသီႇလ၊ သမႃႇထိ၊ ပၺ်ႇၺႃႇ ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ၸဝ်ႈမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၸၢင်း ၸိူဝ်းလူင်ႉလႅၼ်ႇ ပိတၵၢတ်ႈထမ်းၸဝ်ႈ ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်မႃးမႂ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉတႄႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၶဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ၼၶွၼ်းသီႇရိထမ်ႇမရတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉမႃး''ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;''Prince Damrong Rajanubhab Buddhism in Thailand'', p.9.&lt;/ref&gt;

ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉ ၸိၼၵလမႃႇလီႇ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၽႆၢႇပႃႇလိ မိူဝ်ႈ 1516 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလၢတ်ႈၼႄ ၶိူဝ်းၸဝ်ႈသုမၼ ၵႂႃႇႁဵတ်း သႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈမႃႇတပၢၼ်ႇ၊ ရႃႇမၺ်ႇၺတေႇသ တီႈဢၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ လႆႈလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းမႃး လွင်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃ၊ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇဢဝ်မႃးပိုၼ်ၽႄႈ တီႈသုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ 

သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်မႃးထိုင် ၼႂ်းၵဵင်းသႅၼ်ၼႆႉ မႃးၸွမ်း တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ၸဝ်ႈသုမၼ မိူဝ်ႈ 1030-110 ဢေႇၻီႇလႄႈ တင်းၸဝ်ႈဢၼေႃးမတတ်ႉသီႇ ဢၼ်လႆႈသွၼ်ပိတၵၢတ်ႈမႃးတီႈ မႃႇတပၢၼ်ႇ ၼႃႈၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈမႃး သုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။  ၽရူဝ်ႇၾႅၵ်ႉသိူဝ်ႇ ဢႅတ်ႉၵျေႇ ထမ်ႇပီႇယႃႇ (Professor S.J Tambiah) ၵေႃႈ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉ 'ၽူႈဢွင်ႇပေႉ ၼႂ်းလူၵ်ႈလႄႈ ၽူႈၽၢတ်ႇဢွၵ်ႇ ၼႂ်းလူၵ်ႈ' ၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ပပ်ႉပိုၼ်းမူႇလသႃႇသၼႃႇထႆး ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၽႆၢႇပႃႇလိၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ 'ၵိူင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇလင်းၵႃ ၽူႈယူႇသဝ်း ၼႂ်းထိူၼ်ႇ၊ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ ရႃႇမၺ်ႇၺတေႇသ တီႈပၢၼ်ႇႁိမ်းမႃႇတပၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းလင်းၵႃ မႃႁႃႇသႃႇမိ ပေႃးၼပ်ႉယမ်' ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ 'မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈထႆးသွင်တူၼ် ၸဝ်ႈဢၼေႃးမတတ်ႉသီႇလႄႈ ၸဝ်ႈသုမၼၼႆႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၵႂႃႇ တီႈပၢၼ်ႇသေ ၵႂႃႇၶိုၼ်းႁဵတ်းၸၢင်း သမ်ႉၵႂႃႇသွၼ်ဢဝ်တၢင်းမေႃ ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ တမ်ႈတီႈမႁႃႇသႃႇမိၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈသုမၼ ၶိုၼ်းမႃးတီႈ သုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆးသေ ဝႆၢးၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလူဝ်တႆး (King Lo Tai) တုၵ်းယွၼ်းႁႂ်ႈတင်ႈပၼ် ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ မိူင်းလင်းၵႃ။ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈသိုပ်ႇမႃး တီႈၵဵင်းသႅၼ်သေ မႃးႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈၼၼ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။&lt;ref&gt;S. J. Tambiah, ''The Word Conqueror and the World Renouncer'', pp. 73-77.&lt;/ref&gt;

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[[Category:တႆး]]</text>
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