Wikisource sourceswiki https://wikisource.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.46.0-wmf.24 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikisource Wikisource talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Page Page talk Index Index talk Author Author talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Translations Translations talk 4 187 1334715 1334675 2026-04-15T13:44:09Z Catonif 622571 /* Did some Author category cleanup, thinking about next steps */reply 1334715 wikitext text/x-wiki {{scriptoriumhead}} == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. 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'''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 January 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Support for Bodo Wikisource (Ws/brx) on Wikimedia Incubator == Hello, I am working on setting up Bodo Wikisource (language code: brx) on Wikimedia Incubator. I would like guidance on ProofreadPage, Index creation, and language approval process. Bodo is an officially recognized language of India and is written in Devanagari script. Thank you. [[User:Bkbrahma1|Bkbrahma1]] ([[User talk:Bkbrahma1|talk]]) 07:37, 21 January 2026 (UTC) == Page language == It is possible to change page language from default to Lingua Franca Nova (<code>lfn</code> for [[Main Page/Lingua Franca Nova]], [[La Prea a Senior]] and [[Jura de Hipocrate]]? Thanks in advance. [[User:Evelino Ucelo|Evelino Ucelo]] ([[User talk:Evelino Ucelo|talk]]) 17:10, 5 February 2026 (UTC) == Best place to translate meta-works about the capture of knowledge? == There are some interesting freely licensed works about librarianship, archiving, and the like. E.g. this recent paper on [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VMkNDcY1KBH1YV0QOVGs38o6eetUTddj/view Content Authenticity and Provenance ] -- which are often in just one language and not well indexed, but bear preserving and translating. Is there a good WS project or collection for such things? Does it make sense to have a language-neutral wikiproject for collecting this type of knowledge across the field? [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 18:52, 11 February 2026 (UTC) :{{en|My initial thought is that it makes the most sense to transcribe the original text on [[:en:]] (or whatever the source language is) and then allow the other languages' projects to pursue their own translations in accordance with their own policies. Perhaps coordination could be done via a multilingual wikiproject, like [[Wiksource:WikiProject Translations]] or similar. I've just started looking around the multilingual wikisource myself so I'm not sure if we have any more infrastructure than the mere ''possibility ''of organizing such a thing. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 22:43, 2 March 2026 (UTC)}} == Did some Author category cleanup, thinking about next steps == {{en| Good morning all, I recently moved around a bunch of categories in [[:Category:Authors]]. Notable additions include [[:Category:Authors by language]], [[:Category:Authors by profession]]. I also updated [[WS:LANG]] to include a column for language-specific Author categories, which are also (generally) collected in [[:Category:Authors by language]]. There is presently no consistent organization for the language author categories, which I think is fine, but I'd be interested in making some kind of consistency which we can use going forward. : My thinking is that we could create categories like [[:Category:eng authors]] or [[:Category:zho authors]] for all of the languages represented here on multi-language wikisource with ISO-639 codes. Then, either redirect those pages to their respective language-specific Author categories (when they exist); or use them as their own category which would then be categorized into both the language's category and [[:Category:Authors by language]]. For example, [[:Category:lv authors]] would redirect to the Latvian-language [[:Category:Autori]], while [[:Category:tpn authors]] would serve as the equivalent Tupi-language category. This would help provide some useful infrastructure to support new languages works and authors in the future. : Thoughts? I'm open to suggestions. Don't want to be overly English-oriented, or create too much administrative burden for new users and language content. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:26, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}} :{{en|An additional thought: I think it would be helpful if we created category pages for each ISO 639-1 code, possibly -2 or -3 as well for at least the languages included on multilingual wikisource and on their own subdomains. These would generally redirect to the language categories. For example, [[:Category:en]] would redirect to [[:Category:English]], [[:Category:lv]] would redirect to [[:Category:Ladin]], [[:Category:Ru]] would redirect to [[:Category:Русский]]. This would just be helpful for quickly categorizing works without having to find the specific "correct" category. Again, let me know what you think. [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 23:34, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}} :Update to this, I think I really like the solution tried on [[:Category:Pt Português (Portuguese)]], a combination of ISO-639, emic/native language name, and language name in English. I would propose that we move all language categories (ie in [[:Category:Languages]]) to this scheme. Recognizing of course that it can be tricky to mix rtl and ltr systems, as well as across different scripts. Even so, this seems a fair and usable solution. For example: :* [[:Category:English]] -> [[:Category:En English (English)]] :* [[:Category:Ancient Greek]] -> [[:Category:Grc Ἀρχαία ἑλληνική (Ancient Greek)]] :* [[:Category:Polski]] -> [[:Category:Pl Polski (Polish)]] :* [[:Category:Русский]] -> [[:Category:Ru Русский (Russian)]] :* [[:Category:Mingrelian]] -> [[:Category:Xmf მარგალური (Mingrelian)]] :* [[:Category:سِنڌِي]] -> [[:Category:Sd سِنڌِي (Sindhi)]] :Again, let me know what you think. Obviously changing category names can be a huge pain but I think long-term this is as good a plan as any. :[[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:23, 14 April 2026 (UTC) ::{{ping|Mathmitch7}} That's indeed a point in which I stumbled and wanted to act upon. I have no opposition to your change. :) Anything that brings a strand of consistency in this mess is welcome. ::For the record -- and this is not meant to hinder your action, just putting ideas out there, -- I was thinking of making category names something much more mechanical, like <code>Category:Works:ru</code> and <code>Category:Authors:ru</code> (or equivalent, as you initially suggested), and then have a gadget that could come by on the client-side and alter the displayed category name depending on the selected language of the user, e.g. if one selects Spanish, those would appear as "Obras (ruso)" and "Autores (ruso)" respectively. This has the advantage of fully implementing the internationalisation ideals of this project, a Spanish speaker should be ideally be able to have the entire project's structural text (i.e. any text that isn't a work transcription) in Spanish. Furthermore, while "native name (english name)" may look perfectly fine for things like Polish, as soon as you get to extinct langauges, or minority languages without a standard orthography, things get problematic. For example, taking from your list, "Ἀρχαία ἑλληνική", does not really mean "Ancient Greek" as ancient Greeks would call it, but rather it's the modern name in ancient spelling (again, it would still be the best option available, so feel free to go with your change), and when it comes to languages like Sumerian, Ugaritic or Ancient Egyptian, what do we put in the native name? In many cases there will be something, but who would that be useful for, except mummies coming back from the dead? This ultimately boils down to an important division that was not well taken into consideration in the Wikisource movement in general: the distinction between ''content languages'' (the language in which the transcribe works are into) and the ''working languages'' (in which the UI appears, a site operates and a community communicates). This is also why, in my opinion, splitting Wikisources into subdomains was a particularly near-sighted move, why does should reading a Latin text come at the price of having Latin UI? Why should there be an entirely separated set of infrastructure (modules, templates) just on the criterion of the language the transcribed work transcribing is in? The split, driven by technical limitations that we had at the time which can easily be fixed in other ways now (like right-to-left text, which prompted the first subdomain, Hebrew Wikisource, which had this catastrophic domino effect) is showing its failure in almost every aspect, both moral and technical, and those paying the price are the minority languages, whose editors are forced to work in this graveyard of incoherent and unmaintained infrastructure, with the hope of getting their own subdomain, only to be then further alienated from the rest of the community once achieved, helpless to infrastructural bugs and vandalism. ::Enough rambling, back to the issue at hand, the proposed gadget idea. Making one is not something impossible, as we have something similar in English Wiktionary, [[wikt:en:MediaWiki:Gadget-categoryTreeLanguageNames.js]], by the excellent coder @[[User:Surjection|Surjection]], where for example if you are on [[:wikt:en:Category:Cats]], the subcategory <code>Category:ru:Cats</code> will display as "Category:ru:Cats <small>[Russian]</small>". A while ago, I tried implementing a similar thing here, but I remember running in a number of technical difficulties. A difference in implementation was that on enwikt the scope is much more limited -- the only needed display language is English, -- and since that project employs some non-ISO language codes, the most sensible idea was to have a project-specific JSON to house all the code-to-language correspondences, [[wikt:en:Module:languages/code to canonical name.json]], meanwhile here we need to have the name for every language in every language, with all the fallback rules, which is why we are better off relying on the central Wikimedia database that contains all of that. I cannot remember what ultimately stopped me from finishing this gadget, I think the implementation was getting too hacky. ::'''TLDR''': There are some ultimate issues that you will encounter trying to implement this for every language, but anything would be better than what we have now, so feel free to do it. :) [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 13:44, 15 April 2026 (UTC) == TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) gadget == {{ping|Pecha-pema|Abhignkr47|Saaifa|Mathmitch7}} and anyone interested. Greetings, pleasure to meet you and sorry to disturb. Apologies for writing in English. You appear to be the most active on Multilingual Wikisource of the latest days. I'm sorry for whoever interested I did not alert, I did not want to send out too many unwanted pings. In short, I have written a gadget that can render [[w:Text Encoding Initiative|TEI XML]]-format texts as HTML. (You can turn it on in your preferences and check how it handles [[TEI:Fare i ri ëvetar shqip]]. A brief explanation is at [[Wikisource:TEI Gadget]].) It is a format used for a more scholarly kind of transcription, mainly used for palaeography, manuscripts or thorough critical digital editions. This is not meant as a replacement of the current situation but a way to better digitalise the cases which are not well-handled by Wikitext. For technical reasons, mostly about security, the solution requires a new namespace (i.e. the thing that comes the colon in a page title, like <code>Page:</code> or <code>Talk:</code>), so I have to file a technical request for the namespace <code>TEI:</code>. As regrettably scatterful as this project is, I assume that such a change would not be carried through without an attempt at a discussion with other editors. For this reason, I ask here whether any of you would oppose such a change. Thank you for your love of writing, and the work you do to record it. :) [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 16:23, 13 March 2026 (UTC) {{en|Personally I'm fine with having a TEI: namespace or something similar. Support for this kind of document format would be very helpful and putting TEI documents into their own namespace seems like a good way to integrate it with our existing workflow, using a TEI: page as a source and then transcluding it to a normal "work" namespace using a template/Lua module. : However, I would like to see us think about how we could use TEI or TEI markup alongside the existing Page transcription and transclusion workflow. I think one of the best things about Wikisource is that pages in the mainspace are generally linked back to their source scan in an easily verifiable, traceable, and auditable way. Although TEI is great for transcriptions, I don’t yet see an analogue for that particular type of "backing" to a scan. The example document you link has source information, but some work would need to be done to get to something as granular as what we already have for scan verification and to support proofreading efforts. : That all being said, if the gadget works and TEI-XML is as robust as it appears to be, I’m fine with doing what must be done to implement support for it. If that includes a special namespace, at least here on multilingual ws, I '''support'''. Cheers! -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 19:45, 13 March 2026 (UTC)}} ::Hello, thanks for your thoughts and your support! :) I agree that scan-backed transcription is the strongest point of boast for Wikisource. The thing is that the transformers are very versatile, which isn't well visible by the example I gave, which only shows two almost-identical transformer schemes, with the only difference being script (if it can help get the idea, the green-boxed header is also generated by a transformer of the same structure.) With this in mind, my thought was to have "Original scan" as one of the selectable transformers (i.e. a column), which is fairly easily doable, just requires for the transformer to ignore all tags, except for <code><pb/></code> ("page break"), which would show the images. ::I was going to implement this, I didn't because there is an unrelated [[phab:T418178|ongoing bug]] which makes the pages of DJVU files not display. See for example [[Page:Veqilharxhi - Ëvetar (1845).djvu/1]] (the same work already in wikitext). The page image used to work a while ago. So for now it would have looked like a bunch of error messages in mainspace. But it's definitely doable once the bug is fixed. :) ::This to me is also a way to make the scans more immediately accessible to the reader. I find them to be very valuable, especially in cases of manuscripts and other kind of texts in which TEI in particular shines, and having scans into a separate namespace always felt a bit like hiding them to me. The idea of having them user-toggleable seemed quite neat. ::Admittedly, it is true that it will never be as easy. TEI is inevitable much more cumbersome, difficult to learn and master, and in many cases harder to read from the source. The main workspace of editors using will most likely never be the Wikisource editor box, but rather VS Code with the "Scholarly XML" extension (AFAIK, most accessible widely used TEI environment), or similar software. For these reason, I emphasise that that TEI is meant for those who particularly have a lot of time and dedication at their disposal, and are willing to go through the hardships that are required to get something of academic quality. The vast majority of texts will be kept in wikitext. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 20:32, 13 March 2026 (UTC) :What are the security concerns of having such a namespace enabled and how would you deal with them? Recently there was a mass deletion of random articles in multiple wikis because of a personal JS script gone rogue. PS: (I am well in favor of offering the wide community a sufficiently good for them standard for transcribing. Also I guess there is plenty of text already transcribed this way we could incorporate.) [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 11:36, 1 April 2026 (UTC) ::{{ping|Ignacio Rodríguez}} Sorry for the late reply, I didn't see your message, and thank you for your support. Since my post here I have come to a solution, which is to handle the TEI-to-HTML transformation within Lua, and let the gadget only handle the columns display. This has a number of disadvantages: JavaScript is much better at handling XML (it was infact built for that purpose), now a separate [[Module:XML|Lua XML parser]] is required and we are likely to hit Lua's memory limit with files too large, while a pure JS implementation was much easier to maintain and had no limitations. However we cannot let just any editor write JavaScript that runs on other people's browsers, as the event you mention exemplifies, so the script pages would have needed to be protected under some specific right. But being able to edit and write these scripts is such a central thing for my intended versatile implementation of TEI that I would rather hit the memory limit rather than only allowing very few people to benefit from the infrastructure. As such, the security justification should be gone once I fully implement the Lua solution, and the namespace will be requested only for conceptual reasons. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 20:24, 12 April 2026 (UTC) :::@[[User:Catonif|Catonif]] maybe it would be better in the long run to build a TEI MediaWiki extension. The gadget is fine by now, but memory limits are concerning. I am no coder but I can cheer you up. For the record I support the creation of the TEI Namespace. [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 22:44, 12 April 2026 (UTC) ::::{{ping|Ignacio Rodríguez}} Absolutely agreed. There exist, in fact, [[mw:Extension:TEI]] and [[mw:Extension:CETEIcean]], which I tried testing around, on my own installing of MediaWiki. These are not very well documented projects and it was quite difficult to untangle something out of the code, but to me these seem overly complicated systems with a much more limited outcome, lacking the versatility that TEI was built with in mind, hence not very fit for a project like Wikisource. Furthermore, Extension:TEI, from a quick glance, does not appear to be fully TEI-compliant, allowing for questionable tag names (see [https://github.com/wikimedia/mediawiki-extensions-TEI/blob/master/includes/Converter/TeiToHtmlConversion.php here]), as <code><hi-rend-big></code> instead of <code><hi rend="big"></code>, while CETEIcean is not HTML-compliant, as you can see from your inspector on [https://codecs.vanhamel.nl/Cetei:AU-test this example], with tag names like <code><tei-p></code> in the HTML fed straight to the browser. I had even tried making my own extension, only to realise that it is much beyond my capabilities, and eventually settled for an awkward Lua implementation. Then I got the idea of a much cleaner JavaScript system, only to come back to Lua in the end for the reasons described. My hope is that my implementation is merely a proof of concept for someone more knowledgeable to notice and make better. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 22:42, 13 April 2026 (UTC) :::::I see. I was hoping it was within your capabilities. You seem to be very skilled as both those implementations are neat. Maybe you should import some more works in that format, so we grow the need and visibility of the project. If I ever stumble upon some interesting TEI-proofread Spanish works, I might give this a try [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 12:50, 14 April 2026 (UTC) == Images for "toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter" are broken because of an incorrect thumbnail size == When trying to edit [[toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter]], all of the page images are broken. (Example: [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-872px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg Page 938], obtained from the "Image" tab at the top of [[Page:Toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter.pdf/938]]) It looks like this is because the images are using 872px as the thumbnail size. Setting the size of the thumbnail manually in the URL to 960px (or any of the other sizes listed [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Common_thumbnail_sizes here]) fixes the issue ([https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-960px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg fixed URL for page 938]). Is there a way for the default thumbnail size be changed to something other than 872px so the images show up properly in the editor? Thanks in advance. [[User:Tymewalk|Tymewalk]] ([[User talk:Tymewalk|talk]]) 03:47, 19 March 2026 (UTC) {{en|This strikes me as a weird quirk or possible bug in ProofreadPage. I can confirm that I get the same kind of broken page image, using Firefox 148.0.2 for Windows, and the Monobook skin. I’ll see if I can force a fix by just purging some pages here and on commons, as sometimes that fixes issues with PDFHandler. Otherwise, we can try posting over to [[:mw:Project:Village Pump]] and see if anybody knows if it’s related to a known and tracked issue, or if it needs a new issue reported. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:23, 23 March 2026 (UTC)}} == Proposed changes to [[Main Page]] == I think we should: #Move it to [[Wikisource:Main Page]] and #Include some text introducing that this is a stand-alone wiki, not just a portal. I think we should explain that this wiki hosts: #*Multilingual works #*Works in a language with too small a corpus #*Works that are incubating to a subdomain #*Works that are made up of non-linguistic content #*Works with languages that have subdomains but that won't accept a particular work for whatever reason Thoughts on these changes? —[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''vf</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 06:20, 25 March 2026 (UTC) {{en|I think about this a lot, and I don’t have a great answer. Honestly, my ideal would be to split multi-lingual WS into mul.wikisource.org, and organize it as its own project, and make this main wikisource.org ''just'' a portal to those other sites, similar to how Wikipedia works (and by default redirecting all traffic to specific pages to the page on mul.ws). I think that would be clearer to people, including editors. However, that’s a pretty big change, and I wouldn’t move forward with it without substantial discussion both here and at individual language subdomains. : In the meantime, I think your proposal’s points are reasonable. I don’t see a particular reason to move the main page to [[Wikisource:Main Page]], but everything else seems fine. I would also add that the main page should specifically say "Welcome to Multilingual Wikisource." -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 13:01, 30 March 2026 (UTC)}} : I agree with Mathmitch7. Moving to mul.wikisource.org seems like a good idea. Like Wikidata and Wikispecies, we should have a centralized and organized Main Page for each language using Extension:Translate --[[User:Namoroka|Namoroka]] ([[User talk:Namoroka|talk]]) 09:27, 4 April 2026 (UTC) ::I support revising our Main Page. Yet to split multi-lingual WS into mul.wikisource.org sounds excessive for now.--[[User:TunnelESON|TunnelESON]] ([[User talk:TunnelESON|talk]]) 03:56, 6 April 2026 (UTC) :::That's fair enough. Even so, multilingual WS has over 61,000 pages in the main namespace, about double the size of [[:pt:Wikisource:Página_principal|Portuguese Wikisource]]. Just saying that splitting it off may be a good idea. But again, it's a bigger discussion. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:18, 6 April 2026 (UTC) : Here’s some proposed wording in English. Let me know if that seems adequate: {{border|'''Welcome to Wikisource''', the free library that anyone can improve. This is '''Multilingual Wikisource''', a site for works in all languages, and for connecting different language-specific Wikisource projects. Works on this site include: * [[:Category:Mul (Multiple languages)|Works in multiple languages]] * Works in languages that do not have their own language subdomain (for example, languages with a small corpus) * [[:Category:Zxx (No linguistic content)|Works made up of non-linguistic content]] * [[:Category:Languages with subdomains|Works in languages that have language subdomains]], but cannot be hosted on those sites due to their site-specific policies}} --[[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 19:39, 6 April 2026 (UTC) :That's a nice shot and it finally makes clear on the homepage what this site is. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''vf</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 02:33, 7 April 2026 (UTC) == Upcoming Wikimedia Café meetup regarding the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]] == {{tmbox | image = [[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|45px]] | type=notice | text = Hello! There will be a '''[[:meta:Wikimedia Café|Wikimedia Café]]''' meetup on '''Saturday, 11 April 2026 at 14:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1775916000 timestamp conversion tool]), focusing on the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]]. The featured guests will be <span class="plainlinks">[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:KStineRowe_(WMF) Kelsi Stine-Rowe]</span> (senior manager, [[:meta:Movement Communications|Movement Communications]], Wikimedia Foundation), and <span class="plainlinks">[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Samwalton9_(WMF) Sam Walton] (senior product manager, [[:mw:Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools]], Wikimedia Foundation). <br /> In addition to this Café session, [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration|several additional meetings regarding the Annual Plan are listed on the Collaboration page]], and you may participate on the [[:meta:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. <br /> This Café meetup will be approximately two hours long. Attendees may choose to attend only for a part. Please see the Café page for more information, including [[:meta:Wikimedia Café#Signups for the April 2026 session|how to register]]. <br /> [[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]] }} [[User:Pine|Pine]] ([[User talk:Pine|talk]]) 05:18, 29 March 2026 (UTC) == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:11, 3 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> :Hi all, as far as I can tell, multilingual Wikisource is not affected by this change at all. Let me know if you think otherwise. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 17:45, 6 April 2026 (UTC) == Tech News: 2026-15 == <section begin="technews-2026-W15" /><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] now includes a new group goal-setting feature, enabling organizers to set and track event goals such as the number of articles created and participating contributors in real time. Similarly, participants can work toward shared targets and see their collective impact as the event unfolds. The feature is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. Learn more in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Collaborative contributions#Goal setting|the documentation]]. * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|watchlist labels]] feature (announced in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Tech News 2026-07]]) is now available via VisualEditor, the source editor, and the 'watchstar' (or watch link, for skins that don't have a star icon). Previously it was only possible to assign labels via [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]]. In all three places it is a new field following the expiry field. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where talk pages on mobile with Parsoid are unusable after empty section headers, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419171] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]], which lets editors add details to an existing reference without duplicating it, will be gradually rolled out to [[phab:T414094|more wikis]] later this year. Wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]] gadget are encouraged to update their version (typically at [[m:MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js|MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js]] as shown [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=1344408362 here]) to ensure compatibility. Other reference-related gadgets may also be affected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416304] * All Wikinews editions will be closed and switched to read-only mode on 4 May 2026. Content will remain accessible, but no new edits or articles can be added. This closure was approved by the Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation following extended discussions. [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard#Board of Trustees Approves Closure of Wikinews|Read more]]. * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Action API|Action API]] has had several formats for requested output. One of them, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>format=php</nowiki></code></bdi>, is being removed soon. Please ensure your scripts or bots use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Data formats#Output|JSON format]]. This removal should affect very few scripts and bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T118538] * The [[Special:NamespaceInfo|Special:NamespaceInfo]] page now includes namespace aliases. For example "WP" for the "Project" ("Wikipedia") namespace on the German Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381455] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.23|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W15" /> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:19, 6 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30362761 --> == Bot Flag Request for [[{{ns:User}}:SchlurcherBot]] == Appologies for posting in English. Also, I could not locate a dedicated page for bot request in {{#language:{{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}}, so I am posting here. Please direct me to the correct page if one exists. Thank you. * '''Bot name''': [[{{ns:User}}:SchlurcherBot]] * '''Bot operator''': [[commons:User:Schlurcher]] * '''Bot task''': Automatically convert links from <code>http://</code> to <code>https://</code> (secure protocol migration) * '''Technical details''': Please see [[meta:User:SchlurcherBot]] for full details, including the expected number of affected URLs on {{#language:{{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}}. * '''Bot flags on other projects''': [[meta:Steward_requests/Bot_status/2025-12#Global_bot_status_for_User:SchlurcherBot|Global bot status granted]]. Also flagged on [[w:en:Wikipedia:Bots/Requests for approval/SchlurcherBot|English Wikipedia]], [[w:de:Wikipedia:Bots/Anträge_auf_Botflag/Archiv/2025#2025-02-14_–_SchlurcherBot|German Wikipedia]], [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Bot/Statut/Archive_12#(Traité)_SchlurcherBot|French Wikipedia]], [[w:it:Wikipedia:Bot/Autorizzazioni/Archivio/2025#SchlurcherBot|Italian Wikipedia]], [[w:pl:Wikipedia:Boty/Zgłoszenia/2025#Wikipedysta:SchlurcherBot|Polish Wikipedia]], [[w:pt:Wikipédia:Robôs/Pedidos_de_aprovação/Arquivo/2025#SchlurcherBot|Portuguese Wikipedia]], and [[commons:Commons:Bots/Requests/SchlurcherBot2|Commons]]. For a full list, see: [[sulutil:SchlurcherBot]] * '''Comment''': The bot is globally approved and active on the top 10 Wikipedia projects. As this wiki has opted out of the global bot policy, I am requesting permission to perform these link updates on {{#language:{{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}} as well. Please let me know if a local bot flag can be granted or if you have any questions. Thank you. --[[User:Schlurcher|Schlurcher]] ([[User talk:Schlurcher|talk]]) 07:59, 7 April 2026 (UTC) : Hi, you can submit this request over to [[:en:Wikisource:Scriptorium#Bot_approval_requests|the en.wikisource Scriptorium]] under the "Bot Requests" section, and it will get more targeted en.ws attention. If you'd also like to submit your request to Multilingual Wikisource (this site), let us know. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 12:47, 7 April 2026 (UTC) ::@[[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]]: This request was made for the project ''sourceswiki'' so the multilingual wikisource (this site). I also plan to request each individual language like ''enwikisource'', ''dewikisource'' eventually as well. Hope this helps. --[[User:Schlurcher|Schlurcher]] ([[User talk:Schlurcher|talk]]) 08:11, 8 April 2026 (UTC) ::: My apologies, I misunderstood! I '''support''' approving this bot. [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 12:26, 8 April 2026 (UTC) == Tech News: 2026-16 == <section begin="technews-2026-W16" /><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Experienced editors are invited to [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Main_Page test] the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] feature, designed to help less-experienced editors create well-structured, policy-compliant Wikipedia articles. Testing instructions are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Test feature guide|available]]. Also, after reviewing [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance the outlines], please provide feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Article guidance|project talk page]]. Based on your input, the feature will be refined and transferred to the pilot Wikipedias to translate and adapt. Check out [[c:File:Article Guidance workflow demo - April 2026.webm|the video]] explaining the feature. '''Updates for editors''' * On most wikis, all autoconfirmed users can now use [[Special:ChangeContentModel|Special:ChangeContentModel]] page to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:ChangeContentModel|create new pages with custom content models]], such as mass message lists, making custom page formats more accessible. Check [[Special:ListGroupRights|Special:ListGroupRights]] for the status of your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248294] * The Growth team has launched an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account_Creation_Experiments|account creation experiment]] to evaluate whether adding an account creation button to the mobile web header increases new account registrations and encourages more mobile users to contribute to the wikis. The experiment is currently live on Hindi, Indonesian, Bengali, Thai, and Hebrew Wikipedia, and targets 10% of logged-out mobile web users. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where VisualEditor could get stuck loading on Windows devices with animations turned off, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382856] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting later this week, {{int:group-abusefilter}} who have the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature enabled will have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] as the editor at [[Special:AbuseFilter|Special:AbuseFilter]]. This is part of the broader effort to make the user experience more consistent across all editors. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399673][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * Tools and bots that access the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Notifications/API|Notifications API]] (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>action=query&meta=notifications</nowiki></code></bdi>) will need to update their OAuth or BotPassword grants to also include access to private notifications. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421991] * Due to a library upgrade, listings on category pages may be displayed out of order starting on Monday, 20th April. A migration script will be run to correct this, and will take hours to days depending on the size of the wiki (up to a week for English Wikipedia). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T422544] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.24|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W16" /> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 15:19, 13 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30380527 --> 917l7dactut8kshxvogw67vs715isd7 1334732 1334715 2026-04-15T18:50:12Z Mathmitch7 394113 /* Did some Author category cleanup, thinking about next steps */ Reply 1334732 wikitext text/x-wiki {{scriptoriumhead}} == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 January 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Support for Bodo Wikisource (Ws/brx) on Wikimedia Incubator == Hello, I am working on setting up Bodo Wikisource (language code: brx) on Wikimedia Incubator. I would like guidance on ProofreadPage, Index creation, and language approval process. Bodo is an officially recognized language of India and is written in Devanagari script. Thank you. [[User:Bkbrahma1|Bkbrahma1]] ([[User talk:Bkbrahma1|talk]]) 07:37, 21 January 2026 (UTC) == Page language == It is possible to change page language from default to Lingua Franca Nova (<code>lfn</code> for [[Main Page/Lingua Franca Nova]], [[La Prea a Senior]] and [[Jura de Hipocrate]]? Thanks in advance. [[User:Evelino Ucelo|Evelino Ucelo]] ([[User talk:Evelino Ucelo|talk]]) 17:10, 5 February 2026 (UTC) == Best place to translate meta-works about the capture of knowledge? == There are some interesting freely licensed works about librarianship, archiving, and the like. E.g. this recent paper on [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VMkNDcY1KBH1YV0QOVGs38o6eetUTddj/view Content Authenticity and Provenance ] -- which are often in just one language and not well indexed, but bear preserving and translating. Is there a good WS project or collection for such things? Does it make sense to have a language-neutral wikiproject for collecting this type of knowledge across the field? [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 18:52, 11 February 2026 (UTC) :{{en|My initial thought is that it makes the most sense to transcribe the original text on [[:en:]] (or whatever the source language is) and then allow the other languages' projects to pursue their own translations in accordance with their own policies. Perhaps coordination could be done via a multilingual wikiproject, like [[Wiksource:WikiProject Translations]] or similar. I've just started looking around the multilingual wikisource myself so I'm not sure if we have any more infrastructure than the mere ''possibility ''of organizing such a thing. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 22:43, 2 March 2026 (UTC)}} == Did some Author category cleanup, thinking about next steps == {{en| Good morning all, I recently moved around a bunch of categories in [[:Category:Authors]]. Notable additions include [[:Category:Authors by language]], [[:Category:Authors by profession]]. I also updated [[WS:LANG]] to include a column for language-specific Author categories, which are also (generally) collected in [[:Category:Authors by language]]. There is presently no consistent organization for the language author categories, which I think is fine, but I'd be interested in making some kind of consistency which we can use going forward. : My thinking is that we could create categories like [[:Category:eng authors]] or [[:Category:zho authors]] for all of the languages represented here on multi-language wikisource with ISO-639 codes. Then, either redirect those pages to their respective language-specific Author categories (when they exist); or use them as their own category which would then be categorized into both the language's category and [[:Category:Authors by language]]. For example, [[:Category:lv authors]] would redirect to the Latvian-language [[:Category:Autori]], while [[:Category:tpn authors]] would serve as the equivalent Tupi-language category. This would help provide some useful infrastructure to support new languages works and authors in the future. : Thoughts? I'm open to suggestions. Don't want to be overly English-oriented, or create too much administrative burden for new users and language content. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:26, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}} :{{en|An additional thought: I think it would be helpful if we created category pages for each ISO 639-1 code, possibly -2 or -3 as well for at least the languages included on multilingual wikisource and on their own subdomains. These would generally redirect to the language categories. For example, [[:Category:en]] would redirect to [[:Category:English]], [[:Category:lv]] would redirect to [[:Category:Ladin]], [[:Category:Ru]] would redirect to [[:Category:Русский]]. This would just be helpful for quickly categorizing works without having to find the specific "correct" category. Again, let me know what you think. [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 23:34, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}} :Update to this, I think I really like the solution tried on [[:Category:Pt Português (Portuguese)]], a combination of ISO-639, emic/native language name, and language name in English. I would propose that we move all language categories (ie in [[:Category:Languages]]) to this scheme. Recognizing of course that it can be tricky to mix rtl and ltr systems, as well as across different scripts. Even so, this seems a fair and usable solution. For example: :* [[:Category:English]] -> [[:Category:En English (English)]] :* [[:Category:Ancient Greek]] -> [[:Category:Grc Ἀρχαία ἑλληνική (Ancient Greek)]] :* [[:Category:Polski]] -> [[:Category:Pl Polski (Polish)]] :* [[:Category:Русский]] -> [[:Category:Ru Русский (Russian)]] :* [[:Category:Mingrelian]] -> [[:Category:Xmf მარგალური (Mingrelian)]] :* [[:Category:سِنڌِي]] -> [[:Category:Sd سِنڌِي (Sindhi)]] :Again, let me know what you think. Obviously changing category names can be a huge pain but I think long-term this is as good a plan as any. :[[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:23, 14 April 2026 (UTC) ::{{ping|Mathmitch7}} That's indeed a point in which I stumbled and wanted to act upon. I have no opposition to your change. :) Anything that brings a strand of consistency in this mess is welcome. ::For the record -- and this is not meant to hinder your action, just putting ideas out there, -- I was thinking of making category names something much more mechanical, like <code>Category:Works:ru</code> and <code>Category:Authors:ru</code> (or equivalent, as you initially suggested), and then have a gadget that could come by on the client-side and alter the displayed category name depending on the selected language of the user, e.g. if one selects Spanish, those would appear as "Obras (ruso)" and "Autores (ruso)" respectively. This has the advantage of fully implementing the internationalisation ideals of this project, a Spanish speaker should be ideally be able to have the entire project's structural text (i.e. any text that isn't a work transcription) in Spanish. Furthermore, while "native name (english name)" may look perfectly fine for things like Polish, as soon as you get to extinct langauges, or minority languages without a standard orthography, things get problematic. For example, taking from your list, "Ἀρχαία ἑλληνική", does not really mean "Ancient Greek" as ancient Greeks would call it, but rather it's the modern name in ancient spelling (again, it would still be the best option available, so feel free to go with your change), and when it comes to languages like Sumerian, Ugaritic or Ancient Egyptian, what do we put in the native name? In many cases there will be something, but who would that be useful for, except mummies coming back from the dead? This ultimately boils down to an important division that was not well taken into consideration in the Wikisource movement in general: the distinction between ''content languages'' (the language in which the transcribe works are into) and the ''working languages'' (in which the UI appears, a site operates and a community communicates). This is also why, in my opinion, splitting Wikisources into subdomains was a particularly near-sighted move, why does should reading a Latin text come at the price of having Latin UI? Why should there be an entirely separated set of infrastructure (modules, templates) just on the criterion of the language the transcribed work transcribing is in? The split, driven by technical limitations that we had at the time which can easily be fixed in other ways now (like right-to-left text, which prompted the first subdomain, Hebrew Wikisource, which had this catastrophic domino effect) is showing its failure in almost every aspect, both moral and technical, and those paying the price are the minority languages, whose editors are forced to work in this graveyard of incoherent and unmaintained infrastructure, with the hope of getting their own subdomain, only to be then further alienated from the rest of the community once achieved, helpless to infrastructural bugs and vandalism. ::Enough rambling, back to the issue at hand, the proposed gadget idea. Making one is not something impossible, as we have something similar in English Wiktionary, [[wikt:en:MediaWiki:Gadget-categoryTreeLanguageNames.js]], by the excellent coder @[[User:Surjection|Surjection]], where for example if you are on [[:wikt:en:Category:Cats]], the subcategory <code>Category:ru:Cats</code> will display as "Category:ru:Cats <small>[Russian]</small>". A while ago, I tried implementing a similar thing here, but I remember running in a number of technical difficulties. A difference in implementation was that on enwikt the scope is much more limited -- the only needed display language is English, -- and since that project employs some non-ISO language codes, the most sensible idea was to have a project-specific JSON to house all the code-to-language correspondences, [[wikt:en:Module:languages/code to canonical name.json]], meanwhile here we need to have the name for every language in every language, with all the fallback rules, which is why we are better off relying on the central Wikimedia database that contains all of that. I cannot remember what ultimately stopped me from finishing this gadget, I think the implementation was getting too hacky. ::'''TLDR''': There are some ultimate issues that you will encounter trying to implement this for every language, but anything would be better than what we have now, so feel free to do it. :) [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 13:44, 15 April 2026 (UTC) :::All these points are well-met (Maybe someday we can re-unite the wikisources :') ). I think that ultimately organizing the kind of gadget you describe is a good plan, and my proposal is an adequate in-between step. I'd maybe like to hear at least one other editor's thoughts on the matter before going ahead with that big of a change, though. :::Maybe analogous categories would be [[:Category:En English Authors]] and [[:Category:Co Autori in corsu (Corsican authors)]]. I don't know, nothing is perfect. :::Do you happen to know if there's a good way to change a category's name other than just moving its page, finding everything that links there, and changing them individually? Do other wikis just use bots? :::— [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:50, 15 April 2026 (UTC) == TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) gadget == {{ping|Pecha-pema|Abhignkr47|Saaifa|Mathmitch7}} and anyone interested. Greetings, pleasure to meet you and sorry to disturb. Apologies for writing in English. You appear to be the most active on Multilingual Wikisource of the latest days. I'm sorry for whoever interested I did not alert, I did not want to send out too many unwanted pings. In short, I have written a gadget that can render [[w:Text Encoding Initiative|TEI XML]]-format texts as HTML. (You can turn it on in your preferences and check how it handles [[TEI:Fare i ri ëvetar shqip]]. A brief explanation is at [[Wikisource:TEI Gadget]].) It is a format used for a more scholarly kind of transcription, mainly used for palaeography, manuscripts or thorough critical digital editions. This is not meant as a replacement of the current situation but a way to better digitalise the cases which are not well-handled by Wikitext. For technical reasons, mostly about security, the solution requires a new namespace (i.e. the thing that comes the colon in a page title, like <code>Page:</code> or <code>Talk:</code>), so I have to file a technical request for the namespace <code>TEI:</code>. As regrettably scatterful as this project is, I assume that such a change would not be carried through without an attempt at a discussion with other editors. For this reason, I ask here whether any of you would oppose such a change. Thank you for your love of writing, and the work you do to record it. :) [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 16:23, 13 March 2026 (UTC) {{en|Personally I'm fine with having a TEI: namespace or something similar. Support for this kind of document format would be very helpful and putting TEI documents into their own namespace seems like a good way to integrate it with our existing workflow, using a TEI: page as a source and then transcluding it to a normal "work" namespace using a template/Lua module. : However, I would like to see us think about how we could use TEI or TEI markup alongside the existing Page transcription and transclusion workflow. I think one of the best things about Wikisource is that pages in the mainspace are generally linked back to their source scan in an easily verifiable, traceable, and auditable way. Although TEI is great for transcriptions, I don’t yet see an analogue for that particular type of "backing" to a scan. The example document you link has source information, but some work would need to be done to get to something as granular as what we already have for scan verification and to support proofreading efforts. : That all being said, if the gadget works and TEI-XML is as robust as it appears to be, I’m fine with doing what must be done to implement support for it. If that includes a special namespace, at least here on multilingual ws, I '''support'''. Cheers! -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 19:45, 13 March 2026 (UTC)}} ::Hello, thanks for your thoughts and your support! :) I agree that scan-backed transcription is the strongest point of boast for Wikisource. The thing is that the transformers are very versatile, which isn't well visible by the example I gave, which only shows two almost-identical transformer schemes, with the only difference being script (if it can help get the idea, the green-boxed header is also generated by a transformer of the same structure.) With this in mind, my thought was to have "Original scan" as one of the selectable transformers (i.e. a column), which is fairly easily doable, just requires for the transformer to ignore all tags, except for <code><pb/></code> ("page break"), which would show the images. ::I was going to implement this, I didn't because there is an unrelated [[phab:T418178|ongoing bug]] which makes the pages of DJVU files not display. See for example [[Page:Veqilharxhi - Ëvetar (1845).djvu/1]] (the same work already in wikitext). The page image used to work a while ago. So for now it would have looked like a bunch of error messages in mainspace. But it's definitely doable once the bug is fixed. :) ::This to me is also a way to make the scans more immediately accessible to the reader. I find them to be very valuable, especially in cases of manuscripts and other kind of texts in which TEI in particular shines, and having scans into a separate namespace always felt a bit like hiding them to me. The idea of having them user-toggleable seemed quite neat. ::Admittedly, it is true that it will never be as easy. TEI is inevitable much more cumbersome, difficult to learn and master, and in many cases harder to read from the source. The main workspace of editors using will most likely never be the Wikisource editor box, but rather VS Code with the "Scholarly XML" extension (AFAIK, most accessible widely used TEI environment), or similar software. For these reason, I emphasise that that TEI is meant for those who particularly have a lot of time and dedication at their disposal, and are willing to go through the hardships that are required to get something of academic quality. The vast majority of texts will be kept in wikitext. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 20:32, 13 March 2026 (UTC) :What are the security concerns of having such a namespace enabled and how would you deal with them? Recently there was a mass deletion of random articles in multiple wikis because of a personal JS script gone rogue. PS: (I am well in favor of offering the wide community a sufficiently good for them standard for transcribing. Also I guess there is plenty of text already transcribed this way we could incorporate.) [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 11:36, 1 April 2026 (UTC) ::{{ping|Ignacio Rodríguez}} Sorry for the late reply, I didn't see your message, and thank you for your support. Since my post here I have come to a solution, which is to handle the TEI-to-HTML transformation within Lua, and let the gadget only handle the columns display. This has a number of disadvantages: JavaScript is much better at handling XML (it was infact built for that purpose), now a separate [[Module:XML|Lua XML parser]] is required and we are likely to hit Lua's memory limit with files too large, while a pure JS implementation was much easier to maintain and had no limitations. However we cannot let just any editor write JavaScript that runs on other people's browsers, as the event you mention exemplifies, so the script pages would have needed to be protected under some specific right. But being able to edit and write these scripts is such a central thing for my intended versatile implementation of TEI that I would rather hit the memory limit rather than only allowing very few people to benefit from the infrastructure. As such, the security justification should be gone once I fully implement the Lua solution, and the namespace will be requested only for conceptual reasons. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 20:24, 12 April 2026 (UTC) :::@[[User:Catonif|Catonif]] maybe it would be better in the long run to build a TEI MediaWiki extension. The gadget is fine by now, but memory limits are concerning. I am no coder but I can cheer you up. For the record I support the creation of the TEI Namespace. [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 22:44, 12 April 2026 (UTC) ::::{{ping|Ignacio Rodríguez}} Absolutely agreed. There exist, in fact, [[mw:Extension:TEI]] and [[mw:Extension:CETEIcean]], which I tried testing around, on my own installing of MediaWiki. These are not very well documented projects and it was quite difficult to untangle something out of the code, but to me these seem overly complicated systems with a much more limited outcome, lacking the versatility that TEI was built with in mind, hence not very fit for a project like Wikisource. Furthermore, Extension:TEI, from a quick glance, does not appear to be fully TEI-compliant, allowing for questionable tag names (see [https://github.com/wikimedia/mediawiki-extensions-TEI/blob/master/includes/Converter/TeiToHtmlConversion.php here]), as <code><hi-rend-big></code> instead of <code><hi rend="big"></code>, while CETEIcean is not HTML-compliant, as you can see from your inspector on [https://codecs.vanhamel.nl/Cetei:AU-test this example], with tag names like <code><tei-p></code> in the HTML fed straight to the browser. I had even tried making my own extension, only to realise that it is much beyond my capabilities, and eventually settled for an awkward Lua implementation. Then I got the idea of a much cleaner JavaScript system, only to come back to Lua in the end for the reasons described. My hope is that my implementation is merely a proof of concept for someone more knowledgeable to notice and make better. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 22:42, 13 April 2026 (UTC) :::::I see. I was hoping it was within your capabilities. You seem to be very skilled as both those implementations are neat. Maybe you should import some more works in that format, so we grow the need and visibility of the project. If I ever stumble upon some interesting TEI-proofread Spanish works, I might give this a try [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 12:50, 14 April 2026 (UTC) == Images for "toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter" are broken because of an incorrect thumbnail size == When trying to edit [[toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter]], all of the page images are broken. (Example: [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-872px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg Page 938], obtained from the "Image" tab at the top of [[Page:Toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter.pdf/938]]) It looks like this is because the images are using 872px as the thumbnail size. Setting the size of the thumbnail manually in the URL to 960px (or any of the other sizes listed [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Common_thumbnail_sizes here]) fixes the issue ([https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-960px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg fixed URL for page 938]). Is there a way for the default thumbnail size be changed to something other than 872px so the images show up properly in the editor? Thanks in advance. [[User:Tymewalk|Tymewalk]] ([[User talk:Tymewalk|talk]]) 03:47, 19 March 2026 (UTC) {{en|This strikes me as a weird quirk or possible bug in ProofreadPage. I can confirm that I get the same kind of broken page image, using Firefox 148.0.2 for Windows, and the Monobook skin. I’ll see if I can force a fix by just purging some pages here and on commons, as sometimes that fixes issues with PDFHandler. Otherwise, we can try posting over to [[:mw:Project:Village Pump]] and see if anybody knows if it’s related to a known and tracked issue, or if it needs a new issue reported. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:23, 23 March 2026 (UTC)}} == Proposed changes to [[Main Page]] == I think we should: #Move it to [[Wikisource:Main Page]] and #Include some text introducing that this is a stand-alone wiki, not just a portal. I think we should explain that this wiki hosts: #*Multilingual works #*Works in a language with too small a corpus #*Works that are incubating to a subdomain #*Works that are made up of non-linguistic content #*Works with languages that have subdomains but that won't accept a particular work for whatever reason Thoughts on these changes? —[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''vf</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 06:20, 25 March 2026 (UTC) {{en|I think about this a lot, and I don’t have a great answer. Honestly, my ideal would be to split multi-lingual WS into mul.wikisource.org, and organize it as its own project, and make this main wikisource.org ''just'' a portal to those other sites, similar to how Wikipedia works (and by default redirecting all traffic to specific pages to the page on mul.ws). I think that would be clearer to people, including editors. However, that’s a pretty big change, and I wouldn’t move forward with it without substantial discussion both here and at individual language subdomains. : In the meantime, I think your proposal’s points are reasonable. I don’t see a particular reason to move the main page to [[Wikisource:Main Page]], but everything else seems fine. I would also add that the main page should specifically say "Welcome to Multilingual Wikisource." -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 13:01, 30 March 2026 (UTC)}} : I agree with Mathmitch7. Moving to mul.wikisource.org seems like a good idea. Like Wikidata and Wikispecies, we should have a centralized and organized Main Page for each language using Extension:Translate --[[User:Namoroka|Namoroka]] ([[User talk:Namoroka|talk]]) 09:27, 4 April 2026 (UTC) ::I support revising our Main Page. Yet to split multi-lingual WS into mul.wikisource.org sounds excessive for now.--[[User:TunnelESON|TunnelESON]] ([[User talk:TunnelESON|talk]]) 03:56, 6 April 2026 (UTC) :::That's fair enough. Even so, multilingual WS has over 61,000 pages in the main namespace, about double the size of [[:pt:Wikisource:Página_principal|Portuguese Wikisource]]. Just saying that splitting it off may be a good idea. But again, it's a bigger discussion. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:18, 6 April 2026 (UTC) : Here’s some proposed wording in English. Let me know if that seems adequate: {{border|'''Welcome to Wikisource''', the free library that anyone can improve. This is '''Multilingual Wikisource''', a site for works in all languages, and for connecting different language-specific Wikisource projects. Works on this site include: * [[:Category:Mul (Multiple languages)|Works in multiple languages]] * Works in languages that do not have their own language subdomain (for example, languages with a small corpus) * [[:Category:Zxx (No linguistic content)|Works made up of non-linguistic content]] * [[:Category:Languages with subdomains|Works in languages that have language subdomains]], but cannot be hosted on those sites due to their site-specific policies}} --[[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 19:39, 6 April 2026 (UTC) :That's a nice shot and it finally makes clear on the homepage what this site is. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''vf</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 02:33, 7 April 2026 (UTC) == Upcoming Wikimedia Café meetup regarding the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]] == {{tmbox | image = [[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|45px]] | type=notice | text = Hello! There will be a '''[[:meta:Wikimedia Café|Wikimedia Café]]''' meetup on '''Saturday, 11 April 2026 at 14:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1775916000 timestamp conversion tool]), focusing on the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]]. The featured guests will be <span class="plainlinks">[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:KStineRowe_(WMF) Kelsi Stine-Rowe]</span> (senior manager, [[:meta:Movement Communications|Movement Communications]], Wikimedia Foundation), and <span class="plainlinks">[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Samwalton9_(WMF) Sam Walton] (senior product manager, [[:mw:Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools]], Wikimedia Foundation). <br /> In addition to this Café session, [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration|several additional meetings regarding the Annual Plan are listed on the Collaboration page]], and you may participate on the [[:meta:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. <br /> This Café meetup will be approximately two hours long. Attendees may choose to attend only for a part. Please see the Café page for more information, including [[:meta:Wikimedia Café#Signups for the April 2026 session|how to register]]. <br /> [[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]] }} [[User:Pine|Pine]] ([[User talk:Pine|talk]]) 05:18, 29 March 2026 (UTC) == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:11, 3 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> :Hi all, as far as I can tell, multilingual Wikisource is not affected by this change at all. Let me know if you think otherwise. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 17:45, 6 April 2026 (UTC) == Tech News: 2026-15 == <section begin="technews-2026-W15" /><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] now includes a new group goal-setting feature, enabling organizers to set and track event goals such as the number of articles created and participating contributors in real time. Similarly, participants can work toward shared targets and see their collective impact as the event unfolds. The feature is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. Learn more in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Collaborative contributions#Goal setting|the documentation]]. * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|watchlist labels]] feature (announced in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Tech News 2026-07]]) is now available via VisualEditor, the source editor, and the 'watchstar' (or watch link, for skins that don't have a star icon). Previously it was only possible to assign labels via [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]]. In all three places it is a new field following the expiry field. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where talk pages on mobile with Parsoid are unusable after empty section headers, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419171] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]], which lets editors add details to an existing reference without duplicating it, will be gradually rolled out to [[phab:T414094|more wikis]] later this year. Wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]] gadget are encouraged to update their version (typically at [[m:MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js|MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js]] as shown [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=1344408362 here]) to ensure compatibility. Other reference-related gadgets may also be affected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416304] * All Wikinews editions will be closed and switched to read-only mode on 4 May 2026. Content will remain accessible, but no new edits or articles can be added. This closure was approved by the Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation following extended discussions. [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard#Board of Trustees Approves Closure of Wikinews|Read more]]. * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Action API|Action API]] has had several formats for requested output. One of them, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>format=php</nowiki></code></bdi>, is being removed soon. Please ensure your scripts or bots use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Data formats#Output|JSON format]]. This removal should affect very few scripts and bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T118538] * The [[Special:NamespaceInfo|Special:NamespaceInfo]] page now includes namespace aliases. For example "WP" for the "Project" ("Wikipedia") namespace on the German Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381455] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.23|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W15" /> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:19, 6 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30362761 --> == Bot Flag Request for [[{{ns:User}}:SchlurcherBot]] == Appologies for posting in English. 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Also flagged on [[w:en:Wikipedia:Bots/Requests for approval/SchlurcherBot|English Wikipedia]], [[w:de:Wikipedia:Bots/Anträge_auf_Botflag/Archiv/2025#2025-02-14_–_SchlurcherBot|German Wikipedia]], [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Bot/Statut/Archive_12#(Traité)_SchlurcherBot|French Wikipedia]], [[w:it:Wikipedia:Bot/Autorizzazioni/Archivio/2025#SchlurcherBot|Italian Wikipedia]], [[w:pl:Wikipedia:Boty/Zgłoszenia/2025#Wikipedysta:SchlurcherBot|Polish Wikipedia]], [[w:pt:Wikipédia:Robôs/Pedidos_de_aprovação/Arquivo/2025#SchlurcherBot|Portuguese Wikipedia]], and [[commons:Commons:Bots/Requests/SchlurcherBot2|Commons]]. For a full list, see: [[sulutil:SchlurcherBot]] * '''Comment''': The bot is globally approved and active on the top 10 Wikipedia projects. As this wiki has opted out of the global bot policy, I am requesting permission to perform these link updates on {{#language:{{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}} as well. Please let me know if a local bot flag can be granted or if you have any questions. Thank you. --[[User:Schlurcher|Schlurcher]] ([[User talk:Schlurcher|talk]]) 07:59, 7 April 2026 (UTC) : Hi, you can submit this request over to [[:en:Wikisource:Scriptorium#Bot_approval_requests|the en.wikisource Scriptorium]] under the "Bot Requests" section, and it will get more targeted en.ws attention. If you'd also like to submit your request to Multilingual Wikisource (this site), let us know. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 12:47, 7 April 2026 (UTC) ::@[[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]]: This request was made for the project ''sourceswiki'' so the multilingual wikisource (this site). I also plan to request each individual language like ''enwikisource'', ''dewikisource'' eventually as well. Hope this helps. --[[User:Schlurcher|Schlurcher]] ([[User talk:Schlurcher|talk]]) 08:11, 8 April 2026 (UTC) ::: My apologies, I misunderstood! I '''support''' approving this bot. [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 12:26, 8 April 2026 (UTC) == Tech News: 2026-16 == <section begin="technews-2026-W16" /><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Experienced editors are invited to [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Main_Page test] the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] feature, designed to help less-experienced editors create well-structured, policy-compliant Wikipedia articles. Testing instructions are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Test feature guide|available]]. Also, after reviewing [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance the outlines], please provide feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Article guidance|project talk page]]. Based on your input, the feature will be refined and transferred to the pilot Wikipedias to translate and adapt. Check out [[c:File:Article Guidance workflow demo - April 2026.webm|the video]] explaining the feature. '''Updates for editors''' * On most wikis, all autoconfirmed users can now use [[Special:ChangeContentModel|Special:ChangeContentModel]] page to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:ChangeContentModel|create new pages with custom content models]], such as mass message lists, making custom page formats more accessible. Check [[Special:ListGroupRights|Special:ListGroupRights]] for the status of your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248294] * The Growth team has launched an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account_Creation_Experiments|account creation experiment]] to evaluate whether adding an account creation button to the mobile web header increases new account registrations and encourages more mobile users to contribute to the wikis. The experiment is currently live on Hindi, Indonesian, Bengali, Thai, and Hebrew Wikipedia, and targets 10% of logged-out mobile web users. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where VisualEditor could get stuck loading on Windows devices with animations turned off, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382856] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting later this week, {{int:group-abusefilter}} who have the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature enabled will have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] as the editor at [[Special:AbuseFilter|Special:AbuseFilter]]. This is part of the broader effort to make the user experience more consistent across all editors. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399673][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * Tools and bots that access the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Notifications/API|Notifications API]] (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>action=query&meta=notifications</nowiki></code></bdi>) will need to update their OAuth or BotPassword grants to also include access to private notifications. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421991] * Due to a library upgrade, listings on category pages may be displayed out of order starting on Monday, 20th April. A migration script will be run to correct this, and will take hours to days depending on the size of the wiki (up to a week for English Wikipedia). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T422544] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.24|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W16" /> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 15:19, 13 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30380527 --> aang9qbd9u27x675ttbbg5wh7gtvvf6 1334750 1334732 2026-04-16T03:48:37Z Ignacio Rodríguez 126354 /* Did some Author category cleanup, thinking about next steps */ Reply 1334750 wikitext text/x-wiki {{scriptoriumhead}} == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. 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'''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 January 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Support for Bodo Wikisource (Ws/brx) on Wikimedia Incubator == Hello, I am working on setting up Bodo Wikisource (language code: brx) on Wikimedia Incubator. I would like guidance on ProofreadPage, Index creation, and language approval process. Bodo is an officially recognized language of India and is written in Devanagari script. Thank you. [[User:Bkbrahma1|Bkbrahma1]] ([[User talk:Bkbrahma1|talk]]) 07:37, 21 January 2026 (UTC) == Page language == It is possible to change page language from default to Lingua Franca Nova (<code>lfn</code> for [[Main Page/Lingua Franca Nova]], [[La Prea a Senior]] and [[Jura de Hipocrate]]? Thanks in advance. [[User:Evelino Ucelo|Evelino Ucelo]] ([[User talk:Evelino Ucelo|talk]]) 17:10, 5 February 2026 (UTC) == Best place to translate meta-works about the capture of knowledge? == There are some interesting freely licensed works about librarianship, archiving, and the like. E.g. this recent paper on [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VMkNDcY1KBH1YV0QOVGs38o6eetUTddj/view Content Authenticity and Provenance ] -- which are often in just one language and not well indexed, but bear preserving and translating. Is there a good WS project or collection for such things? Does it make sense to have a language-neutral wikiproject for collecting this type of knowledge across the field? [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 18:52, 11 February 2026 (UTC) :{{en|My initial thought is that it makes the most sense to transcribe the original text on [[:en:]] (or whatever the source language is) and then allow the other languages' projects to pursue their own translations in accordance with their own policies. Perhaps coordination could be done via a multilingual wikiproject, like [[Wiksource:WikiProject Translations]] or similar. I've just started looking around the multilingual wikisource myself so I'm not sure if we have any more infrastructure than the mere ''possibility ''of organizing such a thing. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 22:43, 2 March 2026 (UTC)}} == Did some Author category cleanup, thinking about next steps == {{en| Good morning all, I recently moved around a bunch of categories in [[:Category:Authors]]. Notable additions include [[:Category:Authors by language]], [[:Category:Authors by profession]]. I also updated [[WS:LANG]] to include a column for language-specific Author categories, which are also (generally) collected in [[:Category:Authors by language]]. There is presently no consistent organization for the language author categories, which I think is fine, but I'd be interested in making some kind of consistency which we can use going forward. : My thinking is that we could create categories like [[:Category:eng authors]] or [[:Category:zho authors]] for all of the languages represented here on multi-language wikisource with ISO-639 codes. Then, either redirect those pages to their respective language-specific Author categories (when they exist); or use them as their own category which would then be categorized into both the language's category and [[:Category:Authors by language]]. For example, [[:Category:lv authors]] would redirect to the Latvian-language [[:Category:Autori]], while [[:Category:tpn authors]] would serve as the equivalent Tupi-language category. This would help provide some useful infrastructure to support new languages works and authors in the future. : Thoughts? I'm open to suggestions. Don't want to be overly English-oriented, or create too much administrative burden for new users and language content. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:26, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}} :{{en|An additional thought: I think it would be helpful if we created category pages for each ISO 639-1 code, possibly -2 or -3 as well for at least the languages included on multilingual wikisource and on their own subdomains. These would generally redirect to the language categories. For example, [[:Category:en]] would redirect to [[:Category:English]], [[:Category:lv]] would redirect to [[:Category:Ladin]], [[:Category:Ru]] would redirect to [[:Category:Русский]]. This would just be helpful for quickly categorizing works without having to find the specific "correct" category. Again, let me know what you think. [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 23:34, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}} :Update to this, I think I really like the solution tried on [[:Category:Pt Português (Portuguese)]], a combination of ISO-639, emic/native language name, and language name in English. I would propose that we move all language categories (ie in [[:Category:Languages]]) to this scheme. Recognizing of course that it can be tricky to mix rtl and ltr systems, as well as across different scripts. Even so, this seems a fair and usable solution. For example: :* [[:Category:English]] -> [[:Category:En English (English)]] :* [[:Category:Ancient Greek]] -> [[:Category:Grc Ἀρχαία ἑλληνική (Ancient Greek)]] :* [[:Category:Polski]] -> [[:Category:Pl Polski (Polish)]] :* [[:Category:Русский]] -> [[:Category:Ru Русский (Russian)]] :* [[:Category:Mingrelian]] -> [[:Category:Xmf მარგალური (Mingrelian)]] :* [[:Category:سِنڌِي]] -> [[:Category:Sd سِنڌِي (Sindhi)]] :Again, let me know what you think. Obviously changing category names can be a huge pain but I think long-term this is as good a plan as any. :[[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:23, 14 April 2026 (UTC) ::{{ping|Mathmitch7}} That's indeed a point in which I stumbled and wanted to act upon. I have no opposition to your change. :) Anything that brings a strand of consistency in this mess is welcome. ::For the record -- and this is not meant to hinder your action, just putting ideas out there, -- I was thinking of making category names something much more mechanical, like <code>Category:Works:ru</code> and <code>Category:Authors:ru</code> (or equivalent, as you initially suggested), and then have a gadget that could come by on the client-side and alter the displayed category name depending on the selected language of the user, e.g. if one selects Spanish, those would appear as "Obras (ruso)" and "Autores (ruso)" respectively. This has the advantage of fully implementing the internationalisation ideals of this project, a Spanish speaker should be ideally be able to have the entire project's structural text (i.e. any text that isn't a work transcription) in Spanish. Furthermore, while "native name (english name)" may look perfectly fine for things like Polish, as soon as you get to extinct langauges, or minority languages without a standard orthography, things get problematic. For example, taking from your list, "Ἀρχαία ἑλληνική", does not really mean "Ancient Greek" as ancient Greeks would call it, but rather it's the modern name in ancient spelling (again, it would still be the best option available, so feel free to go with your change), and when it comes to languages like Sumerian, Ugaritic or Ancient Egyptian, what do we put in the native name? In many cases there will be something, but who would that be useful for, except mummies coming back from the dead? This ultimately boils down to an important division that was not well taken into consideration in the Wikisource movement in general: the distinction between ''content languages'' (the language in which the transcribe works are into) and the ''working languages'' (in which the UI appears, a site operates and a community communicates). This is also why, in my opinion, splitting Wikisources into subdomains was a particularly near-sighted move, why does should reading a Latin text come at the price of having Latin UI? Why should there be an entirely separated set of infrastructure (modules, templates) just on the criterion of the language the transcribed work transcribing is in? The split, driven by technical limitations that we had at the time which can easily be fixed in other ways now (like right-to-left text, which prompted the first subdomain, Hebrew Wikisource, which had this catastrophic domino effect) is showing its failure in almost every aspect, both moral and technical, and those paying the price are the minority languages, whose editors are forced to work in this graveyard of incoherent and unmaintained infrastructure, with the hope of getting their own subdomain, only to be then further alienated from the rest of the community once achieved, helpless to infrastructural bugs and vandalism. ::Enough rambling, back to the issue at hand, the proposed gadget idea. Making one is not something impossible, as we have something similar in English Wiktionary, [[wikt:en:MediaWiki:Gadget-categoryTreeLanguageNames.js]], by the excellent coder @[[User:Surjection|Surjection]], where for example if you are on [[:wikt:en:Category:Cats]], the subcategory <code>Category:ru:Cats</code> will display as "Category:ru:Cats <small>[Russian]</small>". A while ago, I tried implementing a similar thing here, but I remember running in a number of technical difficulties. A difference in implementation was that on enwikt the scope is much more limited -- the only needed display language is English, -- and since that project employs some non-ISO language codes, the most sensible idea was to have a project-specific JSON to house all the code-to-language correspondences, [[wikt:en:Module:languages/code to canonical name.json]], meanwhile here we need to have the name for every language in every language, with all the fallback rules, which is why we are better off relying on the central Wikimedia database that contains all of that. I cannot remember what ultimately stopped me from finishing this gadget, I think the implementation was getting too hacky. ::'''TLDR''': There are some ultimate issues that you will encounter trying to implement this for every language, but anything would be better than what we have now, so feel free to do it. :) [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 13:44, 15 April 2026 (UTC) :::All these points are well-met (Maybe someday we can re-unite the wikisources :') ). I think that ultimately organizing the kind of gadget you describe is a good plan, and my proposal is an adequate in-between step. I'd maybe like to hear at least one other editor's thoughts on the matter before going ahead with that big of a change, though. :::Maybe analogous categories would be [[:Category:En English Authors]] and [[:Category:Co Autori in corsu (Corsican authors)]]. I don't know, nothing is perfect. :::Do you happen to know if there's a good way to change a category's name other than just moving its page, finding everything that links there, and changing them individually? Do other wikis just use bots? :::— [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:50, 15 April 2026 (UTC) ::::You are thinking about [[w:Wikipedia:HotCat]] [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 03:48, 16 April 2026 (UTC) == TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) gadget == {{ping|Pecha-pema|Abhignkr47|Saaifa|Mathmitch7}} and anyone interested. Greetings, pleasure to meet you and sorry to disturb. Apologies for writing in English. You appear to be the most active on Multilingual Wikisource of the latest days. I'm sorry for whoever interested I did not alert, I did not want to send out too many unwanted pings. In short, I have written a gadget that can render [[w:Text Encoding Initiative|TEI XML]]-format texts as HTML. (You can turn it on in your preferences and check how it handles [[TEI:Fare i ri ëvetar shqip]]. A brief explanation is at [[Wikisource:TEI Gadget]].) It is a format used for a more scholarly kind of transcription, mainly used for palaeography, manuscripts or thorough critical digital editions. This is not meant as a replacement of the current situation but a way to better digitalise the cases which are not well-handled by Wikitext. For technical reasons, mostly about security, the solution requires a new namespace (i.e. the thing that comes the colon in a page title, like <code>Page:</code> or <code>Talk:</code>), so I have to file a technical request for the namespace <code>TEI:</code>. As regrettably scatterful as this project is, I assume that such a change would not be carried through without an attempt at a discussion with other editors. For this reason, I ask here whether any of you would oppose such a change. Thank you for your love of writing, and the work you do to record it. :) [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 16:23, 13 March 2026 (UTC) {{en|Personally I'm fine with having a TEI: namespace or something similar. Support for this kind of document format would be very helpful and putting TEI documents into their own namespace seems like a good way to integrate it with our existing workflow, using a TEI: page as a source and then transcluding it to a normal "work" namespace using a template/Lua module. : However, I would like to see us think about how we could use TEI or TEI markup alongside the existing Page transcription and transclusion workflow. I think one of the best things about Wikisource is that pages in the mainspace are generally linked back to their source scan in an easily verifiable, traceable, and auditable way. Although TEI is great for transcriptions, I don’t yet see an analogue for that particular type of "backing" to a scan. The example document you link has source information, but some work would need to be done to get to something as granular as what we already have for scan verification and to support proofreading efforts. : That all being said, if the gadget works and TEI-XML is as robust as it appears to be, I’m fine with doing what must be done to implement support for it. If that includes a special namespace, at least here on multilingual ws, I '''support'''. Cheers! -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 19:45, 13 March 2026 (UTC)}} ::Hello, thanks for your thoughts and your support! :) I agree that scan-backed transcription is the strongest point of boast for Wikisource. The thing is that the transformers are very versatile, which isn't well visible by the example I gave, which only shows two almost-identical transformer schemes, with the only difference being script (if it can help get the idea, the green-boxed header is also generated by a transformer of the same structure.) With this in mind, my thought was to have "Original scan" as one of the selectable transformers (i.e. a column), which is fairly easily doable, just requires for the transformer to ignore all tags, except for <code><pb/></code> ("page break"), which would show the images. ::I was going to implement this, I didn't because there is an unrelated [[phab:T418178|ongoing bug]] which makes the pages of DJVU files not display. See for example [[Page:Veqilharxhi - Ëvetar (1845).djvu/1]] (the same work already in wikitext). The page image used to work a while ago. So for now it would have looked like a bunch of error messages in mainspace. But it's definitely doable once the bug is fixed. :) ::This to me is also a way to make the scans more immediately accessible to the reader. I find them to be very valuable, especially in cases of manuscripts and other kind of texts in which TEI in particular shines, and having scans into a separate namespace always felt a bit like hiding them to me. The idea of having them user-toggleable seemed quite neat. ::Admittedly, it is true that it will never be as easy. TEI is inevitable much more cumbersome, difficult to learn and master, and in many cases harder to read from the source. The main workspace of editors using will most likely never be the Wikisource editor box, but rather VS Code with the "Scholarly XML" extension (AFAIK, most accessible widely used TEI environment), or similar software. For these reason, I emphasise that that TEI is meant for those who particularly have a lot of time and dedication at their disposal, and are willing to go through the hardships that are required to get something of academic quality. The vast majority of texts will be kept in wikitext. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 20:32, 13 March 2026 (UTC) :What are the security concerns of having such a namespace enabled and how would you deal with them? Recently there was a mass deletion of random articles in multiple wikis because of a personal JS script gone rogue. PS: (I am well in favor of offering the wide community a sufficiently good for them standard for transcribing. Also I guess there is plenty of text already transcribed this way we could incorporate.) [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 11:36, 1 April 2026 (UTC) ::{{ping|Ignacio Rodríguez}} Sorry for the late reply, I didn't see your message, and thank you for your support. Since my post here I have come to a solution, which is to handle the TEI-to-HTML transformation within Lua, and let the gadget only handle the columns display. This has a number of disadvantages: JavaScript is much better at handling XML (it was infact built for that purpose), now a separate [[Module:XML|Lua XML parser]] is required and we are likely to hit Lua's memory limit with files too large, while a pure JS implementation was much easier to maintain and had no limitations. However we cannot let just any editor write JavaScript that runs on other people's browsers, as the event you mention exemplifies, so the script pages would have needed to be protected under some specific right. But being able to edit and write these scripts is such a central thing for my intended versatile implementation of TEI that I would rather hit the memory limit rather than only allowing very few people to benefit from the infrastructure. As such, the security justification should be gone once I fully implement the Lua solution, and the namespace will be requested only for conceptual reasons. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 20:24, 12 April 2026 (UTC) :::@[[User:Catonif|Catonif]] maybe it would be better in the long run to build a TEI MediaWiki extension. The gadget is fine by now, but memory limits are concerning. I am no coder but I can cheer you up. For the record I support the creation of the TEI Namespace. [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 22:44, 12 April 2026 (UTC) ::::{{ping|Ignacio Rodríguez}} Absolutely agreed. There exist, in fact, [[mw:Extension:TEI]] and [[mw:Extension:CETEIcean]], which I tried testing around, on my own installing of MediaWiki. These are not very well documented projects and it was quite difficult to untangle something out of the code, but to me these seem overly complicated systems with a much more limited outcome, lacking the versatility that TEI was built with in mind, hence not very fit for a project like Wikisource. Furthermore, Extension:TEI, from a quick glance, does not appear to be fully TEI-compliant, allowing for questionable tag names (see [https://github.com/wikimedia/mediawiki-extensions-TEI/blob/master/includes/Converter/TeiToHtmlConversion.php here]), as <code><hi-rend-big></code> instead of <code><hi rend="big"></code>, while CETEIcean is not HTML-compliant, as you can see from your inspector on [https://codecs.vanhamel.nl/Cetei:AU-test this example], with tag names like <code><tei-p></code> in the HTML fed straight to the browser. I had even tried making my own extension, only to realise that it is much beyond my capabilities, and eventually settled for an awkward Lua implementation. Then I got the idea of a much cleaner JavaScript system, only to come back to Lua in the end for the reasons described. My hope is that my implementation is merely a proof of concept for someone more knowledgeable to notice and make better. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 22:42, 13 April 2026 (UTC) :::::I see. I was hoping it was within your capabilities. You seem to be very skilled as both those implementations are neat. Maybe you should import some more works in that format, so we grow the need and visibility of the project. If I ever stumble upon some interesting TEI-proofread Spanish works, I might give this a try [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 12:50, 14 April 2026 (UTC) == Images for "toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter" are broken because of an incorrect thumbnail size == When trying to edit [[toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter]], all of the page images are broken. (Example: [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-872px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg Page 938], obtained from the "Image" tab at the top of [[Page:Toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter.pdf/938]]) It looks like this is because the images are using 872px as the thumbnail size. Setting the size of the thumbnail manually in the URL to 960px (or any of the other sizes listed [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Common_thumbnail_sizes here]) fixes the issue ([https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-960px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg fixed URL for page 938]). Is there a way for the default thumbnail size be changed to something other than 872px so the images show up properly in the editor? Thanks in advance. [[User:Tymewalk|Tymewalk]] ([[User talk:Tymewalk|talk]]) 03:47, 19 March 2026 (UTC) {{en|This strikes me as a weird quirk or possible bug in ProofreadPage. I can confirm that I get the same kind of broken page image, using Firefox 148.0.2 for Windows, and the Monobook skin. I’ll see if I can force a fix by just purging some pages here and on commons, as sometimes that fixes issues with PDFHandler. Otherwise, we can try posting over to [[:mw:Project:Village Pump]] and see if anybody knows if it’s related to a known and tracked issue, or if it needs a new issue reported. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:23, 23 March 2026 (UTC)}} == Proposed changes to [[Main Page]] == I think we should: #Move it to [[Wikisource:Main Page]] and #Include some text introducing that this is a stand-alone wiki, not just a portal. I think we should explain that this wiki hosts: #*Multilingual works #*Works in a language with too small a corpus #*Works that are incubating to a subdomain #*Works that are made up of non-linguistic content #*Works with languages that have subdomains but that won't accept a particular work for whatever reason Thoughts on these changes? —[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''vf</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 06:20, 25 March 2026 (UTC) {{en|I think about this a lot, and I don’t have a great answer. Honestly, my ideal would be to split multi-lingual WS into mul.wikisource.org, and organize it as its own project, and make this main wikisource.org ''just'' a portal to those other sites, similar to how Wikipedia works (and by default redirecting all traffic to specific pages to the page on mul.ws). I think that would be clearer to people, including editors. However, that’s a pretty big change, and I wouldn’t move forward with it without substantial discussion both here and at individual language subdomains. : In the meantime, I think your proposal’s points are reasonable. I don’t see a particular reason to move the main page to [[Wikisource:Main Page]], but everything else seems fine. I would also add that the main page should specifically say "Welcome to Multilingual Wikisource." -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 13:01, 30 March 2026 (UTC)}} : I agree with Mathmitch7. Moving to mul.wikisource.org seems like a good idea. Like Wikidata and Wikispecies, we should have a centralized and organized Main Page for each language using Extension:Translate --[[User:Namoroka|Namoroka]] ([[User talk:Namoroka|talk]]) 09:27, 4 April 2026 (UTC) ::I support revising our Main Page. Yet to split multi-lingual WS into mul.wikisource.org sounds excessive for now.--[[User:TunnelESON|TunnelESON]] ([[User talk:TunnelESON|talk]]) 03:56, 6 April 2026 (UTC) :::That's fair enough. Even so, multilingual WS has over 61,000 pages in the main namespace, about double the size of [[:pt:Wikisource:Página_principal|Portuguese Wikisource]]. Just saying that splitting it off may be a good idea. But again, it's a bigger discussion. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:18, 6 April 2026 (UTC) : Here’s some proposed wording in English. Let me know if that seems adequate: {{border|'''Welcome to Wikisource''', the free library that anyone can improve. This is '''Multilingual Wikisource''', a site for works in all languages, and for connecting different language-specific Wikisource projects. Works on this site include: * [[:Category:Mul (Multiple languages)|Works in multiple languages]] * Works in languages that do not have their own language subdomain (for example, languages with a small corpus) * [[:Category:Zxx (No linguistic content)|Works made up of non-linguistic content]] * [[:Category:Languages with subdomains|Works in languages that have language subdomains]], but cannot be hosted on those sites due to their site-specific policies}} --[[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 19:39, 6 April 2026 (UTC) :That's a nice shot and it finally makes clear on the homepage what this site is. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''vf</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 02:33, 7 April 2026 (UTC) == Upcoming Wikimedia Café meetup regarding the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]] == {{tmbox | image = [[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|45px]] | type=notice | text = Hello! There will be a '''[[:meta:Wikimedia Café|Wikimedia Café]]''' meetup on '''Saturday, 11 April 2026 at 14:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1775916000 timestamp conversion tool]), focusing on the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]]. The featured guests will be <span class="plainlinks">[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:KStineRowe_(WMF) Kelsi Stine-Rowe]</span> (senior manager, [[:meta:Movement Communications|Movement Communications]], Wikimedia Foundation), and <span class="plainlinks">[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Samwalton9_(WMF) Sam Walton] (senior product manager, [[:mw:Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools]], Wikimedia Foundation). <br /> In addition to this Café session, [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration|several additional meetings regarding the Annual Plan are listed on the Collaboration page]], and you may participate on the [[:meta:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. <br /> This Café meetup will be approximately two hours long. Attendees may choose to attend only for a part. Please see the Café page for more information, including [[:meta:Wikimedia Café#Signups for the April 2026 session|how to register]]. <br /> [[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]] }} [[User:Pine|Pine]] ([[User talk:Pine|talk]]) 05:18, 29 March 2026 (UTC) == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:11, 3 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> :Hi all, as far as I can tell, multilingual Wikisource is not affected by this change at all. Let me know if you think otherwise. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 17:45, 6 April 2026 (UTC) == Tech News: 2026-15 == <section begin="technews-2026-W15" /><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] now includes a new group goal-setting feature, enabling organizers to set and track event goals such as the number of articles created and participating contributors in real time. Similarly, participants can work toward shared targets and see their collective impact as the event unfolds. The feature is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. Learn more in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Collaborative contributions#Goal setting|the documentation]]. * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|watchlist labels]] feature (announced in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Tech News 2026-07]]) is now available via VisualEditor, the source editor, and the 'watchstar' (or watch link, for skins that don't have a star icon). Previously it was only possible to assign labels via [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]]. In all three places it is a new field following the expiry field. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where talk pages on mobile with Parsoid are unusable after empty section headers, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419171] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]], which lets editors add details to an existing reference without duplicating it, will be gradually rolled out to [[phab:T414094|more wikis]] later this year. Wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]] gadget are encouraged to update their version (typically at [[m:MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js|MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js]] as shown [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=1344408362 here]) to ensure compatibility. Other reference-related gadgets may also be affected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416304] * All Wikinews editions will be closed and switched to read-only mode on 4 May 2026. Content will remain accessible, but no new edits or articles can be added. This closure was approved by the Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation following extended discussions. [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard#Board of Trustees Approves Closure of Wikinews|Read more]]. * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Action API|Action API]] has had several formats for requested output. One of them, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>format=php</nowiki></code></bdi>, is being removed soon. Please ensure your scripts or bots use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Data formats#Output|JSON format]]. This removal should affect very few scripts and bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T118538] * The [[Special:NamespaceInfo|Special:NamespaceInfo]] page now includes namespace aliases. For example "WP" for the "Project" ("Wikipedia") namespace on the German Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381455] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.23|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W15" /> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:19, 6 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30362761 --> == Bot Flag Request for [[{{ns:User}}:SchlurcherBot]] == Appologies for posting in English. Also, I could not locate a dedicated page for bot request in {{#language:{{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}}, so I am posting here. Please direct me to the correct page if one exists. Thank you. * '''Bot name''': [[{{ns:User}}:SchlurcherBot]] * '''Bot operator''': [[commons:User:Schlurcher]] * '''Bot task''': Automatically convert links from <code>http://</code> to <code>https://</code> (secure protocol migration) * '''Technical details''': Please see [[meta:User:SchlurcherBot]] for full details, including the expected number of affected URLs on {{#language:{{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}}. * '''Bot flags on other projects''': [[meta:Steward_requests/Bot_status/2025-12#Global_bot_status_for_User:SchlurcherBot|Global bot status granted]]. Also flagged on [[w:en:Wikipedia:Bots/Requests for approval/SchlurcherBot|English Wikipedia]], [[w:de:Wikipedia:Bots/Anträge_auf_Botflag/Archiv/2025#2025-02-14_–_SchlurcherBot|German Wikipedia]], [[w:fr:Wikipédia:Bot/Statut/Archive_12#(Traité)_SchlurcherBot|French Wikipedia]], [[w:it:Wikipedia:Bot/Autorizzazioni/Archivio/2025#SchlurcherBot|Italian Wikipedia]], [[w:pl:Wikipedia:Boty/Zgłoszenia/2025#Wikipedysta:SchlurcherBot|Polish Wikipedia]], [[w:pt:Wikipédia:Robôs/Pedidos_de_aprovação/Arquivo/2025#SchlurcherBot|Portuguese Wikipedia]], and [[commons:Commons:Bots/Requests/SchlurcherBot2|Commons]]. For a full list, see: [[sulutil:SchlurcherBot]] * '''Comment''': The bot is globally approved and active on the top 10 Wikipedia projects. As this wiki has opted out of the global bot policy, I am requesting permission to perform these link updates on {{#language:{{CONTENTLANGUAGE}}}} {{SITENAME}} as well. Please let me know if a local bot flag can be granted or if you have any questions. Thank you. --[[User:Schlurcher|Schlurcher]] ([[User talk:Schlurcher|talk]]) 07:59, 7 April 2026 (UTC) : Hi, you can submit this request over to [[:en:Wikisource:Scriptorium#Bot_approval_requests|the en.wikisource Scriptorium]] under the "Bot Requests" section, and it will get more targeted en.ws attention. If you'd also like to submit your request to Multilingual Wikisource (this site), let us know. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 12:47, 7 April 2026 (UTC) ::@[[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]]: This request was made for the project ''sourceswiki'' so the multilingual wikisource (this site). I also plan to request each individual language like ''enwikisource'', ''dewikisource'' eventually as well. Hope this helps. --[[User:Schlurcher|Schlurcher]] ([[User talk:Schlurcher|talk]]) 08:11, 8 April 2026 (UTC) ::: My apologies, I misunderstood! I '''support''' approving this bot. [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 12:26, 8 April 2026 (UTC) == Tech News: 2026-16 == <section begin="technews-2026-W16" /><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Experienced editors are invited to [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Main_Page test] the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] feature, designed to help less-experienced editors create well-structured, policy-compliant Wikipedia articles. Testing instructions are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Test feature guide|available]]. Also, after reviewing [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance the outlines], please provide feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Article guidance|project talk page]]. Based on your input, the feature will be refined and transferred to the pilot Wikipedias to translate and adapt. Check out [[c:File:Article Guidance workflow demo - April 2026.webm|the video]] explaining the feature. '''Updates for editors''' * On most wikis, all autoconfirmed users can now use [[Special:ChangeContentModel|Special:ChangeContentModel]] page to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:ChangeContentModel|create new pages with custom content models]], such as mass message lists, making custom page formats more accessible. Check [[Special:ListGroupRights|Special:ListGroupRights]] for the status of your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248294] * The Growth team has launched an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account_Creation_Experiments|account creation experiment]] to evaluate whether adding an account creation button to the mobile web header increases new account registrations and encourages more mobile users to contribute to the wikis. The experiment is currently live on Hindi, Indonesian, Bengali, Thai, and Hebrew Wikipedia, and targets 10% of logged-out mobile web users. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where VisualEditor could get stuck loading on Windows devices with animations turned off, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382856] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting later this week, {{int:group-abusefilter}} who have the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature enabled will have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] as the editor at [[Special:AbuseFilter|Special:AbuseFilter]]. This is part of the broader effort to make the user experience more consistent across all editors. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399673][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * Tools and bots that access the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Notifications/API|Notifications API]] (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>action=query&meta=notifications</nowiki></code></bdi>) will need to update their OAuth or BotPassword grants to also include access to private notifications. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421991] * Due to a library upgrade, listings on category pages may be displayed out of order starting on Monday, 20th April. A migration script will be run to correct this, and will take hours to days depending on the size of the wiki (up to a week for English Wikipedia). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T422544] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.24|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W16" /> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 15:19, 13 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30380527 --> sf5afsnrv7zhyfrl5kn0hdud34jj645 1334751 1334750 2026-04-16T03:50:03Z Ignacio Rodríguez 126354 /* Did some Author category cleanup, thinking about next steps */ 1334751 wikitext text/x-wiki {{scriptoriumhead}} == Thank You for Last Year – Join Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 == Dear Wikimedia communities, We hope you are doing well, and we wish you a happy New Year. ''Last year, we captured light. This year, we’ll capture legacy.'' In 2025, communities around the world shared the glow of Ramadan nights and the warmth of collective iftars. In 2026, ''Wiki Loves Ramadan'' is expanding, bringing more stories, more cultures, and deeper global connections across Wikimedia projects. We invite you to explore the ''Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026'' [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Meta page]] to learn how you can participate and [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026/Participating communities|sign up]] your community. 📷 ''Photo campaign on '' [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026|Wikimedia Commons]] If you have questions about the project, please refer to the FAQs: * [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ/|Meta-Wiki]] * [[c:Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Wiki Loves Ramadan/FAQ|Wikimedia Commons]] ''Early registration for updates is now open via the '''[[m:Special:RegisterForEvent/2710|Event page]]''''' ''Stay connected and receive updates:'' * [https://t.me/WikiLovesRamadan Telegram channel] * [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/wikilovesramadan.lists.wikimedia.org/ Mailing list] We look forward to collaborating with you and your community. '''The Wiki Loves Ramadan 2026 Organizing Team''' 19:45, 16 January 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29879549 --> == Support for Bodo Wikisource (Ws/brx) on Wikimedia Incubator == Hello, I am working on setting up Bodo Wikisource (language code: brx) on Wikimedia Incubator. I would like guidance on ProofreadPage, Index creation, and language approval process. Bodo is an officially recognized language of India and is written in Devanagari script. Thank you. [[User:Bkbrahma1|Bkbrahma1]] ([[User talk:Bkbrahma1|talk]]) 07:37, 21 January 2026 (UTC) == Page language == It is possible to change page language from default to Lingua Franca Nova (<code>lfn</code> for [[Main Page/Lingua Franca Nova]], [[La Prea a Senior]] and [[Jura de Hipocrate]]? Thanks in advance. [[User:Evelino Ucelo|Evelino Ucelo]] ([[User talk:Evelino Ucelo|talk]]) 17:10, 5 February 2026 (UTC) == Best place to translate meta-works about the capture of knowledge? == There are some interesting freely licensed works about librarianship, archiving, and the like. E.g. this recent paper on [https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VMkNDcY1KBH1YV0QOVGs38o6eetUTddj/view Content Authenticity and Provenance ] -- which are often in just one language and not well indexed, but bear preserving and translating. Is there a good WS project or collection for such things? Does it make sense to have a language-neutral wikiproject for collecting this type of knowledge across the field? [[User:Sj|Sj]] ([[User talk:Sj|talk]]) 18:52, 11 February 2026 (UTC) :{{en|My initial thought is that it makes the most sense to transcribe the original text on [[:en:]] (or whatever the source language is) and then allow the other languages' projects to pursue their own translations in accordance with their own policies. Perhaps coordination could be done via a multilingual wikiproject, like [[Wiksource:WikiProject Translations]] or similar. I've just started looking around the multilingual wikisource myself so I'm not sure if we have any more infrastructure than the mere ''possibility ''of organizing such a thing. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 22:43, 2 March 2026 (UTC)}} == Did some Author category cleanup, thinking about next steps == {{en| Good morning all, I recently moved around a bunch of categories in [[:Category:Authors]]. Notable additions include [[:Category:Authors by language]], [[:Category:Authors by profession]]. I also updated [[WS:LANG]] to include a column for language-specific Author categories, which are also (generally) collected in [[:Category:Authors by language]]. There is presently no consistent organization for the language author categories, which I think is fine, but I'd be interested in making some kind of consistency which we can use going forward. : My thinking is that we could create categories like [[:Category:eng authors]] or [[:Category:zho authors]] for all of the languages represented here on multi-language wikisource with ISO-639 codes. Then, either redirect those pages to their respective language-specific Author categories (when they exist); or use them as their own category which would then be categorized into both the language's category and [[:Category:Authors by language]]. For example, [[:Category:lv authors]] would redirect to the Latvian-language [[:Category:Autori]], while [[:Category:tpn authors]] would serve as the equivalent Tupi-language category. This would help provide some useful infrastructure to support new languages works and authors in the future. : Thoughts? I'm open to suggestions. Don't want to be overly English-oriented, or create too much administrative burden for new users and language content. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:26, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}} :{{en|An additional thought: I think it would be helpful if we created category pages for each ISO 639-1 code, possibly -2 or -3 as well for at least the languages included on multilingual wikisource and on their own subdomains. These would generally redirect to the language categories. For example, [[:Category:en]] would redirect to [[:Category:English]], [[:Category:lv]] would redirect to [[:Category:Ladin]], [[:Category:Ru]] would redirect to [[:Category:Русский]]. This would just be helpful for quickly categorizing works without having to find the specific "correct" category. Again, let me know what you think. [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 23:34, 3 March 2026 (UTC)}} :Update to this, I think I really like the solution tried on [[:Category:Pt Português (Portuguese)]], a combination of ISO-639, emic/native language name, and language name in English. I would propose that we move all language categories (ie in [[:Category:Languages]]) to this scheme. Recognizing of course that it can be tricky to mix rtl and ltr systems, as well as across different scripts. Even so, this seems a fair and usable solution. For example: :* [[:Category:English]] -> [[:Category:En English (English)]] :* [[:Category:Ancient Greek]] -> [[:Category:Grc Ἀρχαία ἑλληνική (Ancient Greek)]] :* [[:Category:Polski]] -> [[:Category:Pl Polski (Polish)]] :* [[:Category:Русский]] -> [[:Category:Ru Русский (Russian)]] :* [[:Category:Mingrelian]] -> [[:Category:Xmf მარგალური (Mingrelian)]] :* [[:Category:سِنڌِي]] -> [[:Category:Sd سِنڌِي (Sindhi)]] :Again, let me know what you think. Obviously changing category names can be a huge pain but I think long-term this is as good a plan as any. :[[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:23, 14 April 2026 (UTC) ::{{ping|Mathmitch7}} That's indeed a point in which I stumbled and wanted to act upon. I have no opposition to your change. :) Anything that brings a strand of consistency in this mess is welcome. ::For the record -- and this is not meant to hinder your action, just putting ideas out there, -- I was thinking of making category names something much more mechanical, like <code>Category:Works:ru</code> and <code>Category:Authors:ru</code> (or equivalent, as you initially suggested), and then have a gadget that could come by on the client-side and alter the displayed category name depending on the selected language of the user, e.g. if one selects Spanish, those would appear as "Obras (ruso)" and "Autores (ruso)" respectively. This has the advantage of fully implementing the internationalisation ideals of this project, a Spanish speaker should be ideally be able to have the entire project's structural text (i.e. any text that isn't a work transcription) in Spanish. Furthermore, while "native name (english name)" may look perfectly fine for things like Polish, as soon as you get to extinct langauges, or minority languages without a standard orthography, things get problematic. For example, taking from your list, "Ἀρχαία ἑλληνική", does not really mean "Ancient Greek" as ancient Greeks would call it, but rather it's the modern name in ancient spelling (again, it would still be the best option available, so feel free to go with your change), and when it comes to languages like Sumerian, Ugaritic or Ancient Egyptian, what do we put in the native name? In many cases there will be something, but who would that be useful for, except mummies coming back from the dead? This ultimately boils down to an important division that was not well taken into consideration in the Wikisource movement in general: the distinction between ''content languages'' (the language in which the transcribe works are into) and the ''working languages'' (in which the UI appears, a site operates and a community communicates). This is also why, in my opinion, splitting Wikisources into subdomains was a particularly near-sighted move, why does should reading a Latin text come at the price of having Latin UI? Why should there be an entirely separated set of infrastructure (modules, templates) just on the criterion of the language the transcribed work transcribing is in? The split, driven by technical limitations that we had at the time which can easily be fixed in other ways now (like right-to-left text, which prompted the first subdomain, Hebrew Wikisource, which had this catastrophic domino effect) is showing its failure in almost every aspect, both moral and technical, and those paying the price are the minority languages, whose editors are forced to work in this graveyard of incoherent and unmaintained infrastructure, with the hope of getting their own subdomain, only to be then further alienated from the rest of the community once achieved, helpless to infrastructural bugs and vandalism. ::Enough rambling, back to the issue at hand, the proposed gadget idea. Making one is not something impossible, as we have something similar in English Wiktionary, [[wikt:en:MediaWiki:Gadget-categoryTreeLanguageNames.js]], by the excellent coder @[[User:Surjection|Surjection]], where for example if you are on [[:wikt:en:Category:Cats]], the subcategory <code>Category:ru:Cats</code> will display as "Category:ru:Cats <small>[Russian]</small>". A while ago, I tried implementing a similar thing here, but I remember running in a number of technical difficulties. A difference in implementation was that on enwikt the scope is much more limited -- the only needed display language is English, -- and since that project employs some non-ISO language codes, the most sensible idea was to have a project-specific JSON to house all the code-to-language correspondences, [[wikt:en:Module:languages/code to canonical name.json]], meanwhile here we need to have the name for every language in every language, with all the fallback rules, which is why we are better off relying on the central Wikimedia database that contains all of that. I cannot remember what ultimately stopped me from finishing this gadget, I think the implementation was getting too hacky. ::'''TLDR''': There are some ultimate issues that you will encounter trying to implement this for every language, but anything would be better than what we have now, so feel free to do it. :) [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 13:44, 15 April 2026 (UTC) :::All these points are well-met (Maybe someday we can re-unite the wikisources :') ). I think that ultimately organizing the kind of gadget you describe is a good plan, and my proposal is an adequate in-between step. I'd maybe like to hear at least one other editor's thoughts on the matter before going ahead with that big of a change, though. :::Maybe analogous categories would be [[:Category:En English Authors]] and [[:Category:Co Autori in corsu (Corsican authors)]]. I don't know, nothing is perfect. :::Do you happen to know if there's a good way to change a category's name other than just moving its page, finding everything that links there, and changing them individually? Do other wikis just use bots? :::— [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:50, 15 April 2026 (UTC) ::::You are thinking about [[commons:Help:Gadget-Cat-a-lot]] [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 03:48, 16 April 2026 (UTC) == TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) gadget == {{ping|Pecha-pema|Abhignkr47|Saaifa|Mathmitch7}} and anyone interested. Greetings, pleasure to meet you and sorry to disturb. Apologies for writing in English. You appear to be the most active on Multilingual Wikisource of the latest days. I'm sorry for whoever interested I did not alert, I did not want to send out too many unwanted pings. In short, I have written a gadget that can render [[w:Text Encoding Initiative|TEI XML]]-format texts as HTML. (You can turn it on in your preferences and check how it handles [[TEI:Fare i ri ëvetar shqip]]. A brief explanation is at [[Wikisource:TEI Gadget]].) It is a format used for a more scholarly kind of transcription, mainly used for palaeography, manuscripts or thorough critical digital editions. This is not meant as a replacement of the current situation but a way to better digitalise the cases which are not well-handled by Wikitext. For technical reasons, mostly about security, the solution requires a new namespace (i.e. the thing that comes the colon in a page title, like <code>Page:</code> or <code>Talk:</code>), so I have to file a technical request for the namespace <code>TEI:</code>. As regrettably scatterful as this project is, I assume that such a change would not be carried through without an attempt at a discussion with other editors. For this reason, I ask here whether any of you would oppose such a change. Thank you for your love of writing, and the work you do to record it. :) [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 16:23, 13 March 2026 (UTC) {{en|Personally I'm fine with having a TEI: namespace or something similar. Support for this kind of document format would be very helpful and putting TEI documents into their own namespace seems like a good way to integrate it with our existing workflow, using a TEI: page as a source and then transcluding it to a normal "work" namespace using a template/Lua module. : However, I would like to see us think about how we could use TEI or TEI markup alongside the existing Page transcription and transclusion workflow. I think one of the best things about Wikisource is that pages in the mainspace are generally linked back to their source scan in an easily verifiable, traceable, and auditable way. Although TEI is great for transcriptions, I don’t yet see an analogue for that particular type of "backing" to a scan. The example document you link has source information, but some work would need to be done to get to something as granular as what we already have for scan verification and to support proofreading efforts. : That all being said, if the gadget works and TEI-XML is as robust as it appears to be, I’m fine with doing what must be done to implement support for it. If that includes a special namespace, at least here on multilingual ws, I '''support'''. Cheers! -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 19:45, 13 March 2026 (UTC)}} ::Hello, thanks for your thoughts and your support! :) I agree that scan-backed transcription is the strongest point of boast for Wikisource. The thing is that the transformers are very versatile, which isn't well visible by the example I gave, which only shows two almost-identical transformer schemes, with the only difference being script (if it can help get the idea, the green-boxed header is also generated by a transformer of the same structure.) With this in mind, my thought was to have "Original scan" as one of the selectable transformers (i.e. a column), which is fairly easily doable, just requires for the transformer to ignore all tags, except for <code><pb/></code> ("page break"), which would show the images. ::I was going to implement this, I didn't because there is an unrelated [[phab:T418178|ongoing bug]] which makes the pages of DJVU files not display. See for example [[Page:Veqilharxhi - Ëvetar (1845).djvu/1]] (the same work already in wikitext). The page image used to work a while ago. So for now it would have looked like a bunch of error messages in mainspace. But it's definitely doable once the bug is fixed. :) ::This to me is also a way to make the scans more immediately accessible to the reader. I find them to be very valuable, especially in cases of manuscripts and other kind of texts in which TEI in particular shines, and having scans into a separate namespace always felt a bit like hiding them to me. The idea of having them user-toggleable seemed quite neat. ::Admittedly, it is true that it will never be as easy. TEI is inevitable much more cumbersome, difficult to learn and master, and in many cases harder to read from the source. The main workspace of editors using will most likely never be the Wikisource editor box, but rather VS Code with the "Scholarly XML" extension (AFAIK, most accessible widely used TEI environment), or similar software. For these reason, I emphasise that that TEI is meant for those who particularly have a lot of time and dedication at their disposal, and are willing to go through the hardships that are required to get something of academic quality. The vast majority of texts will be kept in wikitext. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 20:32, 13 March 2026 (UTC) :What are the security concerns of having such a namespace enabled and how would you deal with them? Recently there was a mass deletion of random articles in multiple wikis because of a personal JS script gone rogue. PS: (I am well in favor of offering the wide community a sufficiently good for them standard for transcribing. Also I guess there is plenty of text already transcribed this way we could incorporate.) [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 11:36, 1 April 2026 (UTC) ::{{ping|Ignacio Rodríguez}} Sorry for the late reply, I didn't see your message, and thank you for your support. Since my post here I have come to a solution, which is to handle the TEI-to-HTML transformation within Lua, and let the gadget only handle the columns display. This has a number of disadvantages: JavaScript is much better at handling XML (it was infact built for that purpose), now a separate [[Module:XML|Lua XML parser]] is required and we are likely to hit Lua's memory limit with files too large, while a pure JS implementation was much easier to maintain and had no limitations. However we cannot let just any editor write JavaScript that runs on other people's browsers, as the event you mention exemplifies, so the script pages would have needed to be protected under some specific right. But being able to edit and write these scripts is such a central thing for my intended versatile implementation of TEI that I would rather hit the memory limit rather than only allowing very few people to benefit from the infrastructure. As such, the security justification should be gone once I fully implement the Lua solution, and the namespace will be requested only for conceptual reasons. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 20:24, 12 April 2026 (UTC) :::@[[User:Catonif|Catonif]] maybe it would be better in the long run to build a TEI MediaWiki extension. The gadget is fine by now, but memory limits are concerning. I am no coder but I can cheer you up. For the record I support the creation of the TEI Namespace. [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 22:44, 12 April 2026 (UTC) ::::{{ping|Ignacio Rodríguez}} Absolutely agreed. There exist, in fact, [[mw:Extension:TEI]] and [[mw:Extension:CETEIcean]], which I tried testing around, on my own installing of MediaWiki. These are not very well documented projects and it was quite difficult to untangle something out of the code, but to me these seem overly complicated systems with a much more limited outcome, lacking the versatility that TEI was built with in mind, hence not very fit for a project like Wikisource. Furthermore, Extension:TEI, from a quick glance, does not appear to be fully TEI-compliant, allowing for questionable tag names (see [https://github.com/wikimedia/mediawiki-extensions-TEI/blob/master/includes/Converter/TeiToHtmlConversion.php here]), as <code><hi-rend-big></code> instead of <code><hi rend="big"></code>, while CETEIcean is not HTML-compliant, as you can see from your inspector on [https://codecs.vanhamel.nl/Cetei:AU-test this example], with tag names like <code><tei-p></code> in the HTML fed straight to the browser. I had even tried making my own extension, only to realise that it is much beyond my capabilities, and eventually settled for an awkward Lua implementation. Then I got the idea of a much cleaner JavaScript system, only to come back to Lua in the end for the reasons described. My hope is that my implementation is merely a proof of concept for someone more knowledgeable to notice and make better. [[User:Catonif|Catonif]] ([[User talk:Catonif|talk]]) 22:42, 13 April 2026 (UTC) :::::I see. I was hoping it was within your capabilities. You seem to be very skilled as both those implementations are neat. Maybe you should import some more works in that format, so we grow the need and visibility of the project. If I ever stumble upon some interesting TEI-proofread Spanish works, I might give this a try [[User:Ignacio Rodríguez|Ignacio Rodríguez]] ([[User talk:Ignacio Rodríguez|talk]]) 12:50, 14 April 2026 (UTC) == Images for "toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter" are broken because of an incorrect thumbnail size == When trying to edit [[toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter]], all of the page images are broken. (Example: [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-872px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg Page 938], obtained from the "Image" tab at the top of [[Page:Toki soweli tan jan Beatrix Potter.pdf/938]]) It looks like this is because the images are using 872px as the thumbnail size. Setting the size of the thumbnail manually in the URL to 960px (or any of the other sizes listed [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Common_thumbnail_sizes here]) fixes the issue ([https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf/page938-960px-Toki_soweli_tan_jan_Beatrix_Potter.pdf.jpg fixed URL for page 938]). Is there a way for the default thumbnail size be changed to something other than 872px so the images show up properly in the editor? Thanks in advance. [[User:Tymewalk|Tymewalk]] ([[User talk:Tymewalk|talk]]) 03:47, 19 March 2026 (UTC) {{en|This strikes me as a weird quirk or possible bug in ProofreadPage. I can confirm that I get the same kind of broken page image, using Firefox 148.0.2 for Windows, and the Monobook skin. I’ll see if I can force a fix by just purging some pages here and on commons, as sometimes that fixes issues with PDFHandler. Otherwise, we can try posting over to [[:mw:Project:Village Pump]] and see if anybody knows if it’s related to a known and tracked issue, or if it needs a new issue reported. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:23, 23 March 2026 (UTC)}} == Proposed changes to [[Main Page]] == I think we should: #Move it to [[Wikisource:Main Page]] and #Include some text introducing that this is a stand-alone wiki, not just a portal. I think we should explain that this wiki hosts: #*Multilingual works #*Works in a language with too small a corpus #*Works that are incubating to a subdomain #*Works that are made up of non-linguistic content #*Works with languages that have subdomains but that won't accept a particular work for whatever reason Thoughts on these changes? —[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''vf</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 06:20, 25 March 2026 (UTC) {{en|I think about this a lot, and I don’t have a great answer. Honestly, my ideal would be to split multi-lingual WS into mul.wikisource.org, and organize it as its own project, and make this main wikisource.org ''just'' a portal to those other sites, similar to how Wikipedia works (and by default redirecting all traffic to specific pages to the page on mul.ws). I think that would be clearer to people, including editors. However, that’s a pretty big change, and I wouldn’t move forward with it without substantial discussion both here and at individual language subdomains. : In the meantime, I think your proposal’s points are reasonable. I don’t see a particular reason to move the main page to [[Wikisource:Main Page]], but everything else seems fine. I would also add that the main page should specifically say "Welcome to Multilingual Wikisource." -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 13:01, 30 March 2026 (UTC)}} : I agree with Mathmitch7. Moving to mul.wikisource.org seems like a good idea. Like Wikidata and Wikispecies, we should have a centralized and organized Main Page for each language using Extension:Translate --[[User:Namoroka|Namoroka]] ([[User talk:Namoroka|talk]]) 09:27, 4 April 2026 (UTC) ::I support revising our Main Page. Yet to split multi-lingual WS into mul.wikisource.org sounds excessive for now.--[[User:TunnelESON|TunnelESON]] ([[User talk:TunnelESON|talk]]) 03:56, 6 April 2026 (UTC) :::That's fair enough. Even so, multilingual WS has over 61,000 pages in the main namespace, about double the size of [[:pt:Wikisource:Página_principal|Portuguese Wikisource]]. Just saying that splitting it off may be a good idea. But again, it's a bigger discussion. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 18:18, 6 April 2026 (UTC) : Here’s some proposed wording in English. Let me know if that seems adequate: {{border|'''Welcome to Wikisource''', the free library that anyone can improve. This is '''Multilingual Wikisource''', a site for works in all languages, and for connecting different language-specific Wikisource projects. Works on this site include: * [[:Category:Mul (Multiple languages)|Works in multiple languages]] * Works in languages that do not have their own language subdomain (for example, languages with a small corpus) * [[:Category:Zxx (No linguistic content)|Works made up of non-linguistic content]] * [[:Category:Languages with subdomains|Works in languages that have language subdomains]], but cannot be hosted on those sites due to their site-specific policies}} --[[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 19:39, 6 April 2026 (UTC) :That's a nice shot and it finally makes clear on the homepage what this site is. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (<span style="color:grey">ko'''a'''vf</span>)]]<span style="color:red">❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯</span> 02:33, 7 April 2026 (UTC) == Upcoming Wikimedia Café meetup regarding the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]] == {{tmbox | image = [[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|45px]] | type=notice | text = Hello! There will be a '''[[:meta:Wikimedia Café|Wikimedia Café]]''' meetup on '''Saturday, 11 April 2026 at 14:00 UTC''' ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1775916000 timestamp conversion tool]), focusing on the [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|the 2026-2027 Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan]]. The featured guests will be <span class="plainlinks">[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:KStineRowe_(WMF) Kelsi Stine-Rowe]</span> (senior manager, [[:meta:Movement Communications|Movement Communications]], Wikimedia Foundation), and <span class="plainlinks">[//meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Samwalton9_(WMF) Sam Walton] (senior product manager, [[:mw:Moderator Tools|Moderator Tools]], Wikimedia Foundation). <br /> In addition to this Café session, [[:meta:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027/Collaboration|several additional meetings regarding the Annual Plan are listed on the Collaboration page]], and you may participate on the [[:meta:Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Annual Plan/2026-2027|talk page]]. <br /> This Café meetup will be approximately two hours long. Attendees may choose to attend only for a part. Please see the Café page for more information, including [[:meta:Wikimedia Café#Signups for the April 2026 session|how to register]]. <br /> [[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]] }} [[User:Pine|Pine]] ([[User talk:Pine|talk]]) 05:18, 29 March 2026 (UTC) == Action Required: Update templates/modules for electoral maps (Migrating from P1846 to P14226) == Hello everyone, This is a notice regarding an ongoing data migration on Wikidata that may affect your election-related templates and Lua modules (such as <code>Module:Itemgroup/list</code>). '''The Change:'''<br /> Currently, many templates pull electoral maps from Wikidata using the property [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]], combined with the qualifier [[:d:Property:P180|P180]]: [[:d:Q19571328|Q19571328]]. We are migrating this data (across roughly 4,000 items) to a newly created, dedicated property: '''[[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]]'''. '''What You Need To Do:'''<br /> To ensure your templates and infoboxes do not break or lose their maps, please update your local code to fetch data from [[:d:Property:P14226|P14226]] instead of the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] + [[:d:Property:P180|P180]] structure. A [[m:Wikidata/Property Migration: P1846 to P14226/List|list of pages]] was generated using Wikimedia Global Search. '''Deadline:'''<br /> We are temporarily retaining the old data on [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] to allow for a smooth transition. However, to complete the data cleanup on Wikidata, the old [[:d:Property:P1846|P1846]] statements will be removed after '''May 1, 2026'''. Please update your modules and templates before this date to prevent any disruption to your wiki's election articles. Let us know if you have any questions or need assistance with the query logic. Thank you for your help! [[User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] using [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 17:11, 3 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Non-Technical_Village_Pumps_distribution_list&oldid=29941252 --> :Hi all, as far as I can tell, multilingual Wikisource is not affected by this change at all. Let me know if you think otherwise. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 17:45, 6 April 2026 (UTC) == Tech News: 2026-15 == <section begin="technews-2026-W15" /><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translations]] are available. '''Updates for editors''' * The [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents|CampaignEvents extension]] now includes a new group goal-setting feature, enabling organizers to set and track event goals such as the number of articles created and participating contributors in real time. Similarly, participants can work toward shared targets and see their collective impact as the event unfolds. The feature is now available on all Wikimedia wikis. Learn more in [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CampaignEvents/Registration/Collaborative contributions#Goal setting|the documentation]]. * [[File:Maki-gift-15.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Wishlist item]] The new [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Watchlist labels|watchlist labels]] feature (announced in [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/07|Tech News 2026-07]]) is now available via VisualEditor, the source editor, and the 'watchstar' (or watch link, for skins that don't have a star icon). Previously it was only possible to assign labels via [[Special:EditWatchlist|EditWatchlist]]. In all three places it is a new field following the expiry field. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:23}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:23|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, the issue where talk pages on mobile with Parsoid are unusable after empty section headers, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419171] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|sub-referencing feature]], which lets editors add details to an existing reference without duplicating it, will be gradually rolled out to [[phab:T414094|more wikis]] later this year. Wikis using the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Reference Tooltips|Reference Tooltips]] gadget are encouraged to update their version (typically at [[m:MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js|MediaWiki:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js]] as shown [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?diff=1344408362 here]) to ensure compatibility. Other reference-related gadgets may also be affected. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T416304] * All Wikinews editions will be closed and switched to read-only mode on 4 May 2026. Content will remain accessible, but no new edits or articles can be added. This closure was approved by the Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation following extended discussions. [[m:Wikimedia Foundation Board noticeboard#Board of Trustees Approves Closure of Wikinews|Read more]]. * The [[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Action API|Action API]] has had several formats for requested output. One of them, <bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>format=php</nowiki></code></bdi>, is being removed soon. Please ensure your scripts or bots use the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/API:Data formats#Output|JSON format]]. This removal should affect very few scripts and bots. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T118538] * The [[Special:NamespaceInfo|Special:NamespaceInfo]] page now includes namespace aliases. For example "WP" for the "Project" ("Wikipedia") namespace on the German Wikipedia. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T381455] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.23|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/15|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W15" /> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 16:19, 6 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30362761 --> == Bot Flag Request for [[{{ns:User}}:SchlurcherBot]] == Appologies for posting in English. 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Thank you. --[[User:Schlurcher|Schlurcher]] ([[User talk:Schlurcher|talk]]) 07:59, 7 April 2026 (UTC) : Hi, you can submit this request over to [[:en:Wikisource:Scriptorium#Bot_approval_requests|the en.wikisource Scriptorium]] under the "Bot Requests" section, and it will get more targeted en.ws attention. If you'd also like to submit your request to Multilingual Wikisource (this site), let us know. -- [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 12:47, 7 April 2026 (UTC) ::@[[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]]: This request was made for the project ''sourceswiki'' so the multilingual wikisource (this site). I also plan to request each individual language like ''enwikisource'', ''dewikisource'' eventually as well. Hope this helps. --[[User:Schlurcher|Schlurcher]] ([[User talk:Schlurcher|talk]]) 08:11, 8 April 2026 (UTC) ::: My apologies, I misunderstood! I '''support''' approving this bot. [[User:Mathmitch7|Mathmitch7]] ([[User talk:Mathmitch7|talk]]) 12:26, 8 April 2026 (UTC) == Tech News: 2026-16 == <section begin="technews-2026-W16" /><div class="plainlinks"> Latest '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|tech news]]''' from the Wikimedia technical community. Please tell other users about these changes. Not all changes will affect you. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translations]] are available. '''Weekly highlight''' * Experienced editors are invited to [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Main_Page test] the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance|Article guidance]] feature, designed to help less-experienced editors create well-structured, policy-compliant Wikipedia articles. Testing instructions are [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Article guidance/Test feature guide|available]]. Also, after reviewing [https://b24e11a4f1.catalyst.wmcloud.org/wiki/Category:Pages_using_article_guidance the outlines], please provide feedback on the [[mw:Talk:Article guidance|project talk page]]. Based on your input, the feature will be refined and transferred to the pilot Wikipedias to translate and adapt. Check out [[c:File:Article Guidance workflow demo - April 2026.webm|the video]] explaining the feature. '''Updates for editors''' * On most wikis, all autoconfirmed users can now use [[Special:ChangeContentModel|Special:ChangeContentModel]] page to [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:ChangeContentModel|create new pages with custom content models]], such as mass message lists, making custom page formats more accessible. Check [[Special:ListGroupRights|Special:ListGroupRights]] for the status of your wiki. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T248294] * The Growth team has launched an [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Contributors/Account_Creation_Experiments|account creation experiment]] to evaluate whether adding an account creation button to the mobile web header increases new account registrations and encourages more mobile users to contribute to the wikis. The experiment is currently live on Hindi, Indonesian, Bengali, Thai, and Hebrew Wikipedia, and targets 10% of logged-out mobile web users. * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] View all {{formatnum:30}} community-submitted {{PLURAL:30|task|tasks}} that were [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Recently resolved community tasks|resolved last week]]. For example, an issue where VisualEditor could get stuck loading on Windows devices with animations turned off, has now been fixed. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T382856] '''Updates for technical contributors''' * Starting later this week, {{int:group-abusefilter}} who have the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Extension:CodeMirror|{{int:codemirror-beta-feature-title}}]] beta feature enabled will have [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeMirror|CodeMirror]] instead of [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Extension:CodeEditor|CodeEditor]] as the editor at [[Special:AbuseFilter|Special:AbuseFilter]]. This is part of the broader effort to make the user experience more consistent across all editors. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T399673][https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T419332] * Tools and bots that access the [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/Notifications/API|Notifications API]] (<bdi lang="zxx" dir="ltr"><code><nowiki>action=query&meta=notifications</nowiki></code></bdi>) will need to update their OAuth or BotPassword grants to also include access to private notifications. [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T421991] * Due to a library upgrade, listings on category pages may be displayed out of order starting on Monday, 20th April. A migration script will be run to correct this, and will take hours to days depending on the size of the wiki (up to a week for English Wikipedia). [https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T422544] * [[File:Reload icon with two arrows.svg|12px|link=|class=skin-invert|Recurrent item]] Detailed code updates later this week: [[mw:MediaWiki 1.46/wmf.24|MediaWiki]] '''''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News|Tech news]]''' prepared by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/Writers|Tech News writers]] and posted by [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:MediaWiki message delivery|bot]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News#contribute|Contribute]]&nbsp;• [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/News/2026/16|Translate]]&nbsp;• [[m:Tech|Get help]]&nbsp;• [[m:Talk:Tech/News|Give feedback]]&nbsp;• [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/Tech ambassadors|Subscribe or unsubscribe]].'' </div><section end="technews-2026-W16" /> <bdi lang="en" dir="ltr">[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]</bdi> 15:19, 13 April 2026 (UTC) <!-- Message sent by User:STei (WMF)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/Tech_ambassadors&oldid=30380527 --> 2xiyhvftyf17mpq1y0zwkinh2itcv7b 0 290073 1334752 1066909 2026-04-16T04:22:39Z ~2026-23552-35 960996 Very good 1334752 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = Goʻzal Turkiston | author = Abdulhamid Choʻlpon | translator = | section = | previous = | previous2 = | next = | next2 = | year = 1922 | notes = | categories = O‘zbek | portal = }} <poem> Goʻzal Turkiston, senga ne boʻldi? Sahar vaqtida gullaring soʻldi. Chamanlar barbod, qushlar ham faryod, Hammasi mahzun. Boʻlmas mi dilshod? Bilmam nechun qushlar uchmas bogʻchalaringda? Birligimizning tebranmas togʻi, Umidimizning soʻnmas chirogʻi. Birlash, ey xalqim, kelgandir chogʻi, Bezansin endi Turkiston bogʻi. Qoʻzgʻal, xalqim, yetar shuncha jabru jafolar! Ol bayrogʻingni, qalbing uygʻonsin, Qullik, asorat - barchasi yonsin. Qur yangi davlat, yovlar oʻrtansin. Oʻsib Turkiston, qadding koʻtarsin, Yayrab, yashnab oʻz Vataning gul Bogʻlarida 1922 yil. </poem> {{PD-Uzbekistan}} an6jtlcs8pjrwcfb9s4h0yo2b07p5fl 104 442837 1334714 1321694 2026-04-15T13:33:09Z Pecha-pema 890001 /* Validated */ 1334714 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Pecha-pema" /></noinclude> ནི་འགའ་ཞིག་ལས་ཀྱང་འགྱུར་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་བས་ན་དངོས་པོའི་རང་བཞིན་གྱིས་འགྱུར་ཏེ། དངོས་པོ་ཉིད་ནི་རང་གི་རྒྱུ་ལས་དེའི་ཆོས་ཅན་དུ་འབྱུང་བའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དངོས་པོའི་ཁྱད་པར་གྱི་རང་བཞིན་ཡང་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། དེ་ནི་འགོག་པར་འགྱུར་བ་ཉིད་ཀྱི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་བས་ནི་དངོས་པོ་ཙམ་གྱི་ རང་བཞིན་གྱིས་འགྱུར་རོ། །དེ་བས་ན་སྒྲའམ་གཞན་ཡོད་པ་ཉིད་བསྟེན་པའི་དངོས་པོ་ཐམས་ཅད་ནི་གཏན་དུ་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བར་གྲུབ་པོ། །གྲུབ་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། འཇིག་པ་ཉིད་ཀྱི་གཞན་ལས་སྐྱེ་བ་མེད་པ་མ་གྲུབ་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ན་མེས་ཤིང་དང་དབྱུག་པས་བུམ་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་འཇིག་པའི་རྒྱུ་ དག་དངོས་པོ་རྣམས་ལ་སྣང་ཞིང་། རྒྱུ་དང་དེ་དང་ལྡན་པའི་མཚན་ཉིད་ནི་རྗེས་སུ་འགྲོ་བ་དང་ལྡོག་པའི་རྗེས་སུ་བྱེད་པ་ཡིན་པར་སྨྲའོ། །མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། སྔ་མ་རང་གི་ངང་གིས་འགོག་པ་ན། །ཁྱད་པར་ཅན་གྱི་རྐྱེན་ལ་བརྟེན་ནས་མི་འདྲ་བ་གཞན་སྐྱེ་བའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །མེ་ཤིང་འཇིག་པའི་རྒྱུ་ཡིན་པ་ནི་བླ་སྟེ། མེ་ལས་སྐྱེ་བ་ཅན་གྱི་འཇིག་པ་དེ་ཅི་ཤིང་ཉིད་དམ་འོན་ཏེ་དོན་གཞན་དུ་གྱུར་པ་ཡིན་ན། མེ་ལས་དོན་གཞན་གྱུར་པ་དག །སྐྱེ་ན་འཇིག་པ་མེད་པའི་ཕྱིར། །ཤིང་ནི་མཐོང་བ་ཉིད་དུ་འགྱུར། །ཅིའི་ཕྱིར་དོན་གཞན་དུ་གྱུར་པ་ལས་དོན་གཞན་དུ་གྱུར་པ་སྐྱེ་བ་ཡིན་ན། ཤིང་འཇིག་པའམ་མི་སྣང་བ་ཞེས་ བྱ་བ་དེ་ལྟར་ན་ཤིན་ཏུ་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར་རོ། །གལ་ཏེ་དེ་ཡི་འཇིག་ཡིན་ཞེས། །གལ་ཏེ་དོན་དེ་ཉིད་མེ་ལས་སྐྱེ་བ་ཅན་གྱི་ཤིང་མེད་པ་ཡིན་པ་དེ་བས་ན་འདི་འཇིག་པ་ཉིད་ཀྱི་ཕྱིར་མི་སྣང་བ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། དེའི་མེད་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་འདི་ཡིན་པ་ནི་བླ་སྟེ། དེ་ལྟར་ན་ཡང་། ཇི་ལྟར་གཞན་ནི་གཞན་འཇིག་ ཡིན། དོན་འགའ་ཞིག་ལ་མིང་དུ་བྱས་པ་ཙམ་གྱིས་ཤིང་མི་སྣང་ངོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་རིགས་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །གཞན་ནི་གཞན་གྱི་འཇིག་པ་ཡང་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། ཐལ་ཆེས་པའི་ཕྱིར་དང་། དོན་གཞན་དུ་གྱུར་པ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་དངོས་པོར་གྱུར་པ་དེ་ནི་དེ་ལས་གཞན་པ་དག་ལ་ཡང་ཁྱད་པར་མེད་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། ། གལ་ཏེ་ཤིང་ལ་མེས་བྱས་པའི་རང་བཞིན་གྱི་འཇིག་པ་ཡིན་གྱི་ཐམས་ཅད་ལ་ནི་མ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། ཤིང་ལ་ཞེས་བྱ་བའི་འབྲེལ་པ་གང་ཡིན། གལ་ཏེ་རྟེན་དང་བརྟེན་པའི་ངོ་བོ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། དེ་དག་ནི་དགག་པར་བྱ་བ་ཉིད་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །གལ་ཏེ་བསྐྱེད་པར་བྱ་བ་དང་<noinclude></noinclude> ksd63vwno246m14vqnb76lebvhadb6j 104 442838 1334716 1321695 2026-04-15T13:54:39Z Pecha-pema 890001 /* Validated */ 1334716 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Pecha-pema" /></noinclude> ༄༅། །སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད་པའི་དངོས་པོ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། མེ་ལ་ཞེས་བྱ་བས་ཅི་ཞིག་བྱ། ཤིང་ཉིད་ལས་བྱུང་བའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །གལ་ཏེ་དེ་མེ་ལས་ལྟོས་པ་ཅན་ལས་སྐྱེ་བའི་ཕྱིར་སྐྱོན་མེད་དོ་ཞེ་ན། ཕུལ་དུ་བྱུང་བ་ཐོབ་པ་མེད་པ་ཅན་ལ་ལྟོས་སུ་ཅི་ཡོད། ཐོབ་ན་ཡང་ཤིང་གཞན་སྐྱེ་བར་འགྱུར་ རོ། །འཕོ་བའི་རྒྱུ་མེད་པ་ཅན་སྔ་མ་ཡང་དེ་ཁོ་ན་བཞིན་དུ་མཐོང་བར་འགྱུར་རོ། །གལ་ཏེ་མེ་དེ་ཉིད་ལས་སྔ་མ་འཇིག་པ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། སྔ་མ་དང་འདིའི་འབྲེལ་པ་གང་ཡིན། དེ་ལྟར་ན་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར་བ་དེ་ཉིད་དང་ཐུག་པ་མེད་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །དེ་བས་ན་གདོན་མི་ཟ་བར་འཇིག་པ་དང་འབྲེལ་ པར་རུང་བ་ཕྱིས་ཕུལ་དུ་བྱུང་བ་ཉེ་བར་བྱེད་པས་མེས་སྔ་ན་མེད་པ་བསྐྱེད་པའི་ཕྱིར། སྔ་མའི་གནས་སྐབས་ཅན་དེ་སྣང་བར་འགྱུར་རོ། །ཤིང་འཇིག་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ཡང་ཤིང་མེད་པ་ཉིད་བརྗོད་པ་ཡིན་ལ། མེད་པ་ནི་འབྲས་བུ་ཡང་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་བྱེད་པ་ཡང་བྱེད་པ་པོ་ཉིད་མ་ཡིན་པའི་ ཕྱིར་ལྟོས་པར་བྱ་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ཡང་བཤད་ཟིན་ཏོ། །རང་གི་ངོ་བོ་མེད་པ་དེ་ལས་ཐ་དད་པ་ཡིན་ན། དེ་ལས་བཟློག་པའི་དངོས་པོའི་ངོ་བོ་ཉིད་བསྒྲུབ་པར་འགྱུར་བའི་ཕྱིར་ཇི་ལྟར་ཞིག་པ་ཞེས་བྱ། དེ་བས་ན་གཞན་ནི་གཞན་གྱི་འཇིག་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །བླ་སྟེ་ཅི་ཕྱིར་ཤིང་ མི་སྣང་། །དོན་གཞན་འབྱུང་བ་དང་ཤིང་མཐོང་བ་འདི་ལ་འགལ་བ་ཅི་ཡོད།། །།བམ་པོ་དགུ་པ། གལ་ཏེ་དེ་གཟུང་ཕྱིར་ནའང་མིན། །གང་ཕྱིར་དེས་ན་སྒྲིབ་བྱེད་མེད། །གལ་ཏེ་དོན་གཞན་དེས་ཡོངས་སུ་གཟུང་བའི་ཕྱིར། ཤིང་མི་སྣང་བ་ཡིན་ན་དེ་ནི་ ཤིང་ལ་སྒྲིབ་པར་བྱེད་དོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བར་འཐོབ་ན། དེ་ཡང་རིགས་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །སྒྲིབ་པར་བྱེད་པ་ནི་མཐོང་བའི་གེགས་བྱེད་པར་འགྱུར་གྱི། ཐོགས་པར་བྱེད་པ་ལ་སོགས་པ་རྫས་ཀྱི་ནུས་པ་དག་ལ་ནི་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །ཐམས་ཅད་ལ་གེགས་བྱེད་པ་ཡིན་ན་ཡང་དེ་འདི་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་ནུས་པ་ཐམས་ ཅད་ཉམས་པའི་ཕྱིར། རྫས་འཇིག་པར་འགྱུར་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནམ། དེ་ལ་ཡང་མེ་དང་འདྲ་བར་ཐལ་བ་དང་། ཐུག་པ་མེད་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །འདིའི་ཐོགས་པར་བྱེད་པའི་ནུས་པ་ལ་སོགས་པ་ཉམས་པ་མེད་པ་དག་གཞན་ཡོད་པ་དེས་ཅི་ཞིག་འཇིག་པར་འགྱུར། གལ་ཏེ་མེ་ལས་བྱུང་<noinclude></noinclude> ctvbsmxe3i4h54eua6fcx0r31b9di8r 104 442839 1334717 1321696 2026-04-15T13:59:37Z Pecha-pema 890001 /* Validated */ 1334717 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Pecha-pema" /></noinclude> བ་ཅན་གྱི་འཇིག་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བས་དོན་གྱིས་ཡོངས་སུ་གཟུང་བའི་ཕྱིར། ཤིང་མ་མཐོང་བ་ཡིན་ན་ནི། །སྐྱེ་ཕྱིར་འཇིག་པའི་འཇིག་ཅན་འགྱུར། །དེ་ཕྱིར་ཤིང་ཡང་མཐོང་བར་འགྱུར། གདོན་མི་ཟ་བར་སྐྱེ་བ་དང་ལྡན་པ་ནི་འཇིག་པའི་སྒོ་ནས་འཇིག་པར་འགྱུར་བ་ཡིན་ནོ། །འཇིག་ པ་དེ་ལས་ཀྱང་ཤིང་ལ་སོགས་པ་སྐྱེ་བར་འགྱུར་རོ། །གལ་ཏེ་གསོད་བྱེད་བསད་པ་ན། །དཔེར་ན་ནག་པ་ཡང་སྲིན་མིན། །འདི་ཡང་དེ་བཞིན་ཡིན་ཞེ་ན། །གསོད་བྱེད་བསད་མེད་ཕྱིར་མ་ཡིན། །གལ་ཏེ་འཇིག་པ་ཞིག་པ་ཡིན་དུ་ཟིན་ཀྱང་དངོས་པོ་ཕྱིར་ཐོབ་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། གསོད་ པར་བྱེད་པ་བསང་དུ་ཟིན་ཀྱང་དེས་བསད་པའི་ཕྱིར་སྐྱེ་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། གསོད་པར་བྱེད་པ་ནི་དེ་གསོད་པའི་བྱེད་པའི་རྒྱུ་ཉིད་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །འཇིག་པའི་རྒྱུ་མེད་པ་དང་དབྱུག་པ་ལ་སོགས་པ་ལ་ལོག་པ་ན། དངོས་པོར་འགྱུར་རོ་ཞེས་ནི་མི་སྨྲའོ། །འོ་ན་ཅི་ཡིན་ཞེ་ན། ཤིན་ཏུ་དམིགས་སུ་མེད་པའི་མཚན་ཉིད་ཅན་གྱི་དངོས་པོ་མེད་པ་དེ་ལོག་པ་ན་རང་བཞིན་གནས་པ་ལས་རྣམ་པ་གཞན་ཅི་ཡོད། ནག་པའི་གསོད་པར་བྱེད་པ་འཇིག་པ་དང་མཚུངས་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །འོ་ན་ཅི་ཡིན་ཞེ་ན། དབྱུག་པ་ལ་སོགས་པ་དང་མཚུངས་པ་ཡིན་ནོ། །འཇིག་པ་འདྲ་ བ་ནི་འདི་བསད་པ་ཡིན་ལ། དེ་ལོག་པ་ན་འདི་ཡང་འབྱུང་བ་ཉིད་དུ་འགྱུར་རོ། །འཇིག་པ་གཞན་ཉིད་མ་ཡིན་ནའང་། །ཤིང་ཉིད་འཇིག་པ་ཉིད་དུ་འགྱུར། །དེ་ཡོད་ཉིད་ཕྱིར་རྒྱུ་ཅན་མིན། །འདི་ལས་གཞན་པའི་རྣམ་པའང་མེད། །ཤིང་ལས་འཇིག་པ་དོན་གཞན་དུ་འགྱུར་བ་ཉིད་མ་ ཡིན་ན་དེ་ཉིད་དེར་འགྱུར་རོ། །དེ་ཡང་སྔར་ཡོད་པ་ཉིད་ཀྱི་ཕྱིར། འདི་ལ་མེ་ལ་སོགས་པའི་ནུས་པ་ཅི་ཞིག་བྱ། དེ་བས་ན་དེ་ལ་ཕན་འདོགས་པའི་ཕྱིར་དེས་རྣམ་པ་འགའ་ཞིག་གིས་ཀྱང་ལྟོས་པར་འགྱུར་བ་མེད་དོ། །འདིའི་འདི་ཞེས་བྱ་བའི་འགྲེལ་པ་རིགས་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། དེ་ནི་ཕན་འདོགས་པར་བྱེད་ པའི་རྒྱུ་ཅན་ཉིད་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་ལྟ་མ་ཡིན་ན་ཐལ་ཆེས་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །བརྒྱུད་པས་ཕན་འདོགས་པར་བྱེད་པ་ཡིན་ན་ཡང་། ཅི་ཕན་འདོགས་པར་བྱེད་པ་དོན་གཞན་དུ་གྱུར་པའམ། འོན་ཏེ་དེ་ཉིད་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེས་གདོན་མི་ཟ་བར་རྣམ་པར་རྟོག་པ་འདི་འཇུག་པ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ལས་དོན་གཞན་དུ་<noinclude></noinclude> alhwcoae9tclq6io36863q926jtafzy 104 442840 1334718 1321697 2026-04-15T14:14:36Z Pecha-pema 890001 /* Validated */ 1334718 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Pecha-pema" /></noinclude> ༄༅། །གྱུར་པ་ཉིད་ཡིན་པ་དང་། དེ་གཞན་མ་ཡིན་པ་ཉིད་མ་ཡིན་ན་ཡང་དེའི་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ཕན་འདོགས་པར་བྱེད་པ་ཉིད་ལ་སོགས་པ་ཡང་དེའི་གནས་སྐབས་ཀྱིས་བརྒལ་ཞིང་བརྟག་པ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་བས་ན་ཡོད་པ་ཉིད་ཀྱི་ངོ་བོ་ནི་དེ་ཉིད་དང་གཞན་ཉིད་ལས་མ་འདས་པའི་ཕྱིར་དང་། ཕན་ འདོགས་པ་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད་པའི་ངོ་བོ་སྒྲུབ་པར་བྱེད་པའི་མཚན་ཉིད་ཅན་ཉིད་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་དེ་དང་དེ་མ་ཡིན་པ་བྱེད་པ་དང་བྲལ་བ་བྱེད་པ་པོ་མ་ཡིན་པས་ན་འགའ་ཞིག་གི་རྒྱུ་མ་ཡིན་ཞིང་། རྒྱུ་མ་ཡིན་པ་ལ་ཡང་ལྟོས་པར་བྱ་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་བས་ན་དངོས་པོ་འདིའི་བདག་ཉིད་དེའི་རང་བཞིན་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བར་ གྲུབ་པོ། །གལ་ཏེའང་འཇིག་རྒྱུ་མེད་ཅན་ཡིན། །རྟག་ཉིད་ཕྱིར་ན་དངོས་འཇིག་དག །ལྷན་ཅིག་འབྱུང་བར་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར། །གང་ལས་མེ་ཉིད་རྟག་ཉིད་ཡིན། །དེ་ལྟར་ནི་འགྱུར་ན་གང་གིས་འཇིག་པ་རྒྱུ་མེད་པ་ཅན་ཡིན་ན་ཡང་དེ་གདོན་མི་ཟ་བར་རྟག་པ་ཡིན་པས་ན་དངོས་པོ་ དང་འཇིག་པ་དེ་མེད་པའི་མཚན་ཉིད་ཅན་དག་ལྷན་ཅིག་འབྱུང་བར་འགྱུར་རོ་ཞེ་ན། མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། དེ་ལ་རྟག་པ་དང་མི་རྟག་པའི་ཆོས་མི་རུང་བའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །མེད་པ་ལ་རྣམ་པར་རྟོག་པ་འདི་ནི་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། དེ་དག་ནི་དངོས་པོའི་ཆོས་ཉིད་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར། འཇིག་པ་ནི་ཅི་ཡང་མ་ཡིན་ པ་ཉིད་ཀྱི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །འབྱུང་བ་ནི་འགའ་ཞིག་དང་ལྷན་ཅིག་འབྱུང་བར་འགྱུར་ཞིང་། འཇིག་པ་ནི་མི་འགྱུར་བ་དེ་བས་ན་སྐྱོན་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །མེད་ལ་དངོས་འཇིག་མེད་ཉིད་ཀྱི། །ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར་བའང་མི་རུང་སྟེ། །གང་ཕྱིར་དངོས་པོ་འཇིག་པ་ཡིས། །འཇིག་པ་དག་ནི་མི་འདོད་ དོ། །ཇི་ལྟར་ན་མེད་པའི་འཇིག་པས་དངོས་པོ་འཇིག་པར་འགྱུར། །དེ་བས་ན་དངོས་པོ་འཇིག་པ་ཅན་དུ་མི་འགྱུར་རོ། །ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ཡང་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར་བ་ཉིད་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། འཇིག་པ་ལས་དངོས་པོ་ཞིག་པ་ཁས་མི་ལེན་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །འཇིག་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ཅུང་ཞིག་ཀྱང་མེད་དོ་ཞེས་སྨྲ་བ་གང་ ཡིན་པ་དེ་ཇི་ལྟར་དེ་ལས་དངོས་པོ་ཞིག་པར་འདོད། ད་ནི་འཇིག་པ་མེད་པ་ཡིན་ན་ཇི་ལྟར་དངོས་པོ་འཇིག་པ་ཞེས་བྱ། ད་ལྟར་བྱུང་བའི་གནས་སྐབས་འཇིག་པ་མེད་པ་ཅན་འཇིག་པར་མི་འགྱུར། གང་ཞིག་གང་གིས་དེ་དང་ལྡན་པ་མ་ཡིན་པ་དེ་དེས་དེ་ལྟར་ཐ་སྙད་འདོགས་པ་འམ། ཤེས་པ་མ་ཡིན་<noinclude></noinclude> bqfmlxze11djtsyf47mqhr8c0znqzmj 104 442841 1334719 1321698 2026-04-15T14:21:26Z Pecha-pema 890001 /* Validated */ 1334719 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Pecha-pema" /></noinclude> ཏེ། དཔེར་ན་རྟ་ལ་རྭས་ཐ་སྙད་མི་འདོགས་པ་བཞིན་ནོ། །འཇིག་པ་མེད་པ་ཉིད་མ་ཡིན་མོད་ཀྱི་དངོས་པོའི་འགྱུར་བ་གང་ཡིན་པ་དེ་ནི་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། དངོས་པོའི་སྐད་ཅིག་མར་གནས་པའི་ཆོས་ཅན་འཇིག་པ་ཡིན་ནོ། །འདིའི་རང་བཞིན་དེ་དུས་ཕྱིས་འདི་འཇིག་པར་ འགྱུར་བ་ཞེས་ངེས་པར་བྱས་ནས་ཇི་ལྟར་ཤེས་པ་བཞིན་དུ་ཐ་སྙད་འདོགས་པར་བྱེད་དོ། །ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ནི་བཤད་ཟིན་ཏོ། །དངོས་པོ་ཅུང་ཞིག་ཀྱང་འགའ་ཞིག་གི་ཚེ་ཡང་འགྱུར་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །འོན་ཀྱང་དེ་ཉིད་རང་གི་རྒྱུ་དག་ལས་དེ་ལྟ་བུར་འཇིག་པ་དག་ཏུ་འགྱུར་རོ། །དེ་བས་ ཡོད་པ་ཉིད་འགའ་ཞིག་གིས་ཀྱང་དེ་ཞིག་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །འོ་ན་ཅི་ཡིན་ཞེ་ན། དེའི་རང་བཞིན་ཉིད་ཡིན་པ་ཞེས་བྱའོ། །འོ་ན་ད་ཇི་ལྟར་ན་འཇིག་པ་རྒྱུ་མེད་པ་ཅན་དུ་འགྱུར་རོ་ཞེས་བརྗོད་ཅེ་ན། དངོས་འཇིག་གཞན་ལ་ལྟོས་མེད་ཕྱིར། །དེ་ཤེས་ཕྱིར་ན་སེམས་ཀྱིས་ནི། །དེ་ཡི་ཐ་སྙད་ སྒྲོ་བཏགས་ནས། །གནས་སྐབས་དེ་རྒྱུ་མེད་ཅན་བཤད། །དངོས་པོ་སྐྱེས་པ་གཞན་ལས་འཇིག་པ་ཐོབ་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ལྟ་བུར་གྱུར་པ་ཉིད་རང་ཉིད་སྐྱེས་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ན་གཞན་ལ་ལྟོས་པའི་ཆོས་གཞན་དགག་པའི་ཕྱིར་དང་། དེའི་རང་བཞིན་ཤེས་པའི་ཕྱིར། །སེམས་ ཀྱིས་ཆོས་ཅན་ལས་ཆོས་དོན་གཞན་དུ་གྱུར་པ་བཞིན་དུ་རྣམ་པར་ཕྱེ་ནས། དེ་ཙམ་ཤེས་པར་འདོད་པའི་ཚེ་རང་བཞིན་ཉིད་ལ་དེ་སྐད་བརྗོད་དོ། །འགའ་ཞིག་ཏུ་དེ་ལྟར་མཐོང་བ་ལས་སྒྲ་ཙམ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་འཁྲུལ་པའི་བློ་དམན་པ་དག་གིས་དེ་དང་དེ་འཇིག་པའི་ཡོན་ཏན་དང་དེའི་ཡོད་པ་དང་ རྒྱུ་དང་བཅས་པ་ཅན་ཡིན་ནམ། རྒྱུ་མེད་པ་ཅན་དུ་སྒྲོ་བཏགས་ནས་དེ་ཁོ་ན་ཉིད་ལ་གནས་པ་མེད་པ་ཅན་གྱིས་དངོས་པོ་དཔྱོད་པས་བདག་ཉིད་འཁྲུག་པར་བྱེད་དོ། །གལ་ཏེ་མེད་པར་རང་ཉིད་ཀྱིས། །ཡོད་ན་འང་རྣམ་རྟོག་འདི་མཚུངས་སོ། །གཞན་ལས་འབྱུང་བ་ཉིད་མ་ཡིན་དུ་ཟིན་ཀྱང་། དངོས་པོའི་འཇིག་པ་རང་གི་ངོ་བོ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་ཡོད་པ་ཡིན་ན། དེ་ཉིད་དང་གཞན་ཉིད་དུ་རྣམ་པར་རྟོག་པ་འདི་མཚུངས་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནམ། དེའི་ཚེ་ཡང་དོན་གཞན་འབྱུང་བ་ན་དངོས་པོ་ཅིའི་ཕྱིར་མི་སྣང་། དེ་ན་གཞན་ཉིད་མ་ཡིན་ན་ཡང་དེ་ཉིད་དེ་ཡིན་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །དེ་བས་ན་འདིའི་སྐྱེ་བ་ཅུང་ཟད་<noinclude></noinclude> 0ll77xx9xrq1i26xuke2fjkvhkfeic3 104 442842 1334720 1321699 2026-04-15T14:33:41Z Pecha-pema 890001 /* Validated */ 1334720 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Pecha-pema" /></noinclude> ༄༅། །ཀྱང་མེད་པ་དེ་ལྟར་ན་ཇི་ལྟར་འཇིག་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ཡིན། འདི་དེའི་ཅུང་ཟད་འགྱུར་བ་མེད། །འོན་ཀྱང་འགྱུར་བ་མེད་པ་ཉིད། །ཅེས་བཤད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནམ། འདི་ནི་དངོས་པོའི་འཇིག་པའམ། གཞན་འགའ་ཞིག་ཏུ་འགྱུར་རོ། །ཞེས་ནི་མི་སྨྲའོ། །འོ་ན་ཅི་ཞེ་ན། དེ་ ཉིད་དངོས་པོར་འགྱུར་བ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། གལ་ཏེ་འགའ་ཞིག་དངོས་པོར་བརྗོད་ན་འདིས་དངོས་པོ་ལྡོག་པར་མི་འགྱུར་རོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ན་དངོས་པོ་ལྡོག་པའི་སྐབས་སུ་སྐབས་མ་ཡིན་པ་ཉིད་བཤད་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །འགའ་ཞིག་འབྱུང་བས་དངོས་པོ་འཇིག་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་མ་ཡིན་ལ། གང་གི་ཚེ་བདག་ཉིད་ ཡོད་པ་མེད་པ་དེའི་ཚེ་འཇིག་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ཡིན་ནོ། །ཡོད་པ་མེད་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་དེ་ནི་མེད་པར་དགག་པ་ཡིན་གྱི་མ་ཡིན་པར་དགག་པ་ནི་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །འདི་ལ་ཡང་འགའ་ཞིག་བསྒྲུབས་ན་མེད་པ་དང་མ་ཡིན་པར་དགག་པ་དག་གི་ངོ་བོ་ཐ་དད་པ་མེད་པར་འགྱུར་ཏེ། གཉི་ག་ལ་ཡང་སྒྲུབ་པ་གཙོ་བོ་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ན་ འགའ་ཞིག་ཀྱང་དགག་པ་མེད་པའི་ཕྱིར། འགའ་ཞིག་ཏུ་ཡང་མ་ཡིན་པར་དགག་པར་ཡང་མི་འགྱུར་རོ། །གལ་ཏེ་འགའ་ཞིག་ལས་ལྡོག་པར་འགྱུར་བ་དེའི་ཚེ། དེ་ལས་བཟློག་པ་དེ་མ་ཡིན་པར་དགག་པ་ལ་རེག་པར་འགྱུར་ན་ཡང་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །ཐམས་ཅད་དུ་ལོག་པར་འགྱུར་རོ་ཞེས་བཤད་པ་ན་ དངོས་པོ་འགའ་ཞིག་རྟོགས་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་ལྟར་འདི་ནི་དོན་གཞན་ཡོད་པ་ཉིད་བསྟན་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །དེ་དག་ནི་ཕན་ཚུན་ཐ་དད་པ་མེད་དོ། །ཐ་དད་པ་མེད་ན་ཡང་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ལོག་པ་མེད་པའི་ཕྱིར་རྗེས་སུ་འགྲོ་བར་ཡང་མི་འགྱུར་ཏེ། དེ་ནི་གཅིག་གི་རང་བཞིན་ལ་གནས་པའི་མཚན་ཉིད་ ཅན་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །གནས་པ་དེ་ཡང་དེ་ལས་གཞན་ལྡོག་པ་ན་ཡོད་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །དེ་ཡང་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་འགྲོ་བའི་འཇུག་པ་དང་ལྡོག་པ་མེད་པ་ཅན་དུ་འགྱུར་རོ། །དེ་བས་ན་གང་འཇིག་པར་འགྱུར་རོ་ཞེས་བརྗོད་པས་དེ་བདག་ཉིད་ཡོད་པ་མེད་དོ་ཞེས་བཤད་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །སྒྲ་མཚུངས་པའི་ ཕྱིར་ཡུལ་གཞན་ལ་མཐོང་བའི་བྱ་བ་ཐམས་ཅད་ལ་སྦྱར་བར་རིགས་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། བོང་བུ་ཞེས་མིང་དུ་བྱས་ལས་མི་ལ་བོང་བུའི་ཆོས་ཀྱང་སྦྱར་བར་བྱ་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ན་ནག་པའི་བུ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་འདི་ལ་མཐོང་བའི་བྱ་བ་འཇིག་པ་ལའང་སྦྱར་བར་བྱ་བ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ་འགལ་བའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་སྐད་དུ་བརྗོད་<noinclude></noinclude> m1aprdsovxbvqywjoa54da8wqpovuyv 104 442843 1334721 1321700 2026-04-15T15:01:40Z Pecha-pema 890001 /* Validated */ 1334721 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Pecha-pema" /></noinclude> པའི་དགོངས་པ་ཡང་བསྟན་ཟིན་ཏོ། །དེའི་ཕྱིར། ཡོད་ལ་རྣམ་རྟོག་དེར་འགྱུར་ཏེ། །བྱ་བ་དངོས་དང་འབྲེལ་ཕྱིར་རོ། །ཡོད་པ་ནི་གདོན་མི་ཟ་བར་སྐྱེ་བ་དང་ལྡན་པ་ལ་རག་ལས་པ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ཡང་རང་བཞིན་ཉིད་ཡིན་ཏེ། རང་བཞིན་མེད་པ་ནི་བྱ་བ་འགའ་ཞིག་དང་ཡང་འབྲེལ་པ་མེད་པའི་ ཕྱིར་རོ། །བྱ་བ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ནི་དེ་ལྟ་བུའི་རང་བཞིན་དུ་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད་པ་ཡིན་ན་དེ་རང་བཞིན་མེད་པར་ཇི་ལྟར་འགྱུར། །ད་ནི་རི་བོང་གི་རྭ་མེད་དོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ལ་སོགས་པ་ཇི་ལྟར་ཐ་སྙད་དུ་བྱེད་པ་ཡིན། རི་བོང་གི་རྭ་ནི་ཅུང་ཟད་ཡོད་དོ་ཞེས་མི་བརྗོད་ཀྱི། འོན་ཀྱང་འདི་ལྟར་འདི་མེད་དོ་ཞེས་ཡོད་པ་ འགོག་པར་བྱེད་པ་ཉིད་ཡིན་ནོ། །གཞན་ཡང་རྣམ་པ་འགའ་ཞིག་གིས་ཐ་སྙད་འདོགས་པ་པོས་དེ་འདི་ལྟར་བྱ་བ་དང་ལྡན་པ་བཞིན་དུ་སྒྲོ་བཏགས་ནས་སྟོན་པར་བྱེད་ཀྱི་དེ་ནི་དེ་ལྟར་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ལ་དེ་ཁོ་ན་ཉིད་ནི་དོན་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀྱིས་དབེན་པ་ཡིན་གྱི། ངོ་བོ་འགའ་ཞིག་དང་ལྡན་པ་ནི་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། ། དེ་ལྟ་བུའི་འཇིག་པ་ནི་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། དངོས་པོ་ནི་དེའི་ངོ་བོ་ཉིད་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །གལ་ཏེ་འཆད་པ་པོ་དག་གིས་དེ་སྐད་དུ་དེ་ཡང་བཤད་ཀྱི་བདག་ཉིད་ནི་དེ་ལྟ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེའི་ཚེ་ཅུང་ཞིག་ཏུ་ཡང་མི་འགྱུར་རོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་འདོད་པ་ཉིད་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་བས་ན་བདག་ཉིད་དངོས་པོའི་རང་བཞིན་ལ་དེ་ ཉིད་དང་གཞན་ཉིད་ཅེས་བྱ་བའི་རྣམ་པར་རྟོག་པ་གཉིས་ལས་འདས་པ་མ་ཡིན་ན། དེ་ཁོ་ན་ཉིད་མ་ཡིན་པའི་རང་བཞིན་ནི་གཞན་ཉིད་ཡིན་ནོ། །གཟུགས་དང་རོ་དག་ཀྱང་ཕན་ཚུན་གཞན་ཉིད་དུ་གྱུར་པ་ནི་གཞན་ཉིད་མ་ཡིན་པ་ལྟ་བུའོ། །གལ་ཏེ་རང་བཞིན་ལ་རག་ལུས་པ་མེད་པ་ནི་གཞན་ཉིད་ ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། རག་ལུས་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་འདི་གང་ཡིན། གང་གིས་དེར་ཡང་མི་འགྱུར་བ་དང་། རང་བཞིན་གཞན་དུའང་མི་འགྱུར། གལ་ཏེ་སྐྱེ་བ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། རྒྱུ་དང་འབྲས་བུ་ཐམས་ཅད་ཕན་ཚུན་བརྗོད་པར་བྱ་བ་ཉིད་མ་ཡིན་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ན་ཐམས་ཅད་ལ་ཐམས་ ཅད་རྣམ་པ་འགའ་ཞིག་གིས་ཉེ་བར་སྦྱོར་བའི་ཕྱིར་འགའ་ཞིག་ཀྱང་གཞན་དུ་མི་འགྱུར་རོ། །འདིས་བརྗོད་པར་བྱ་བ་ཉིད་མ་ཡིན་པ་དེ་ལྟར་ན་ཡང་རྒྱུ་དང་འབྲས་བུའི་ངོ་བོ་ཉིད་སྒྲ་གཞན་གྱིས་བསྟན་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །དོན་གཞན་ཐ་དད་པ་ནི་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། རང་བཞིན་གྱི་རྗེས་སུ་འགྲོ་བ་ཉིད་མ་<noinclude></noinclude> 61t8zfda5w794j0kj9qzxr3sa9bkv8c 104 442844 1334722 1321701 2026-04-15T15:06:30Z Pecha-pema 890001 /* Validated */ 1334722 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Pecha-pema" /></noinclude> ̊̊༄༅། །ཡིན་པ་ཉིད་གཞན་ཉིད་ཡིན་པར་སྨྲའོ། །དེ་ཡང་རང་བཞིན་དང་ལྡན་པ་གཞན་དང་གཞན་དུ་ཡོད་པ་དེ་ལྟར་ན་གཞན་ཉིད་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེའི་སྐྱེ་བའི་མཚན་ཉིད་ཀྱི་རང་བཞིན་གྱི་རག་ལས་པ་ལས་རག་ལུས་པ་གཞན་ཡང་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། རག་ལུས་པ་མེད་པའི་འཁྲུལ་ པ་ལ་འགལ་བ་མེད་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་དང་ཆོས་ཐ་དད་པས་གཞན་ཉིད་ཡིན་ནོ། །གལ་ཏེ་ཤེས་པས་བྱས་པའི་རག་ལུས་པ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། དེ་ལྟར་ནི་འགྱུར་ན་གང་རྟོགས་པ་མེད་ན་མི་འབྱུང་བའི་ཤེས་པ་གང་ཡིན་པ་དེས་རྟོགས་པ་ལ་ངེས་པར་དེ་སྣང་བའི་ཕྱིར་དེ་དེའི་ངོ་བོ་མ་ཡིན་དུ་ཟིན་ཀྱང་། བརྗོད་ པར་བྱ་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། དེ་ནི་བདག་ཉིད་རང་མེད་པ་ཉིད་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་ཉིད་ནི་སྣང་བ་གང་ཡིན་པ་དེའི་རང་བཞིན་ཡིན་ནོ། །རང་བཞིན་དང་ལྡན་པ་ཉིད་ཡིན་ན་འདི་དེ་དང་འདྲ་བར་སྣང་བར་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར་བའི་ཕྱིར། སྣང་དུ་རུང་བ་མི་སྣང་ན་ནི་མེད་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །མི་སྣང་བ་ཉིད་ ཡིན་ན་ཡང་དེའི་ངོ་བོ་ཤེས་པ་མ་ཡིན་པ་དེ་ལྟར་ན་གང་གང་ལ་རག་ལུས་པ་ཤེས་པ་ཡིན། གང་ལ་རག་ལུས་པ་ཤེས་པ་ཅན་གང་ཡིན་པ་དེའི་རང་བཞིན་སྣང་བ་ནི་ཉམས་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། སྔོན་པོ་ལ་སོགས་པ་སྣང་བ་ལ་རག་ལུས་པའི་ཤེས་པ་ཅན་དག་བཞིན་ནོ། །དེ་ལ་དོན་དེ་ཉེ་བ་གང་ཡིན། གང་གིས་ དེ་ལ་བདག་མེད་པའི་ངོ་བོར་རྟོགས་པར་འགྱུར་བ་ན། བདག་ཉིད་སོ་སོར་ཉེ་བར་གནས་སོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ན་ནི་ཤིན་ཏུ་ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར་རོ། །གལ་ཏེ་རྟོགས་པར་འགྱུར་བ་དེ་དག་གི་ཉེ་བར་ལེན་པ་ཅན་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། ཉེ་བར་ལེན་པའི་དོན་འདི་གང་ཡིན། རྒྱུ་དང་འབྲས་བུའི་ངོ་བོ་ཡང་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། ཁས་མི་ ལེན་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །ཁས་ལེན་ན་ཡང་རྒྱུ་དང་འབྲས་བུ་དག་ཕན་ཚུན་རྟོགས་པ་ཉེ་བར་འཇོག་པ་ཅན་དག་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །གལ་ཏེ་ཤེས་པ་ཉིད་ཀྱི་དེ་མེད་ན་མི་འབྱུང་བ་ཉེ་བ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེ་ན། དེ་ཉིད་རག་ལུས་པ་མེད་པ་མེད་པར་རིགས་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེས་བརྗོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནམ། རྒྱུ་དང་འབྲས་བུ་མ་ཡིན་པ་དག་ལ་ ནི་རག་ལུས་པ་ཅུང་ཟད་ཀྱང་མ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ཡང་བཤད་ཟིན་ཏོ། །གང་རྟོགས་པ་མེད་ན་མི་འབྱུང་བའི་ཤེས་པ་གང་ཡིན་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་འདིའི་ཤེས་པ་ཡང་ཡོད་པར་འགྱུར་ན། རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་ལ་རང་གི་ངོ་བོ་མ་ཡིན་པ་དང་འདྲེས་པ་མེད་པར་སྣང་བ་གང་ཡིན་པ་དེ་ནི་ཤེས་པ་ཅུང་ཞིག་ཀྱང་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །<noinclude></noinclude> ioqq5y2o52ru3bgb1d48joxdrpu91o6 104 442845 1334723 1321702 2026-04-15T15:18:59Z Pecha-pema 890001 /* Validated */ 1334723 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Pecha-pema" /></noinclude> དེ་མེད་པའི་ཕྱིར་དོན་གྱི་ངོ་བོ་བརྗོད་པར་བྱ་བ་མ་ཡིན་པའི་མཚན་ཉིད་གྲུབ་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་བས་ན་དོན་དམ་པར་ཡོད་པ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་དེ་ཉིད་གཞན་ཉིད་ལ་བརྟེན་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །གང་གི་དངོས་པོ་འཇིག་པའི་ངང་ཚུལ་ཅན་ནི་ཅིར་ཡང་མི་འགྱུར་བ་དེས་ནི། མེད་པར་འགྱུར་ཞེས་བརྗོད་པ་ན། དངོས་ འགྱུར་མིན་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ཡིན། །གལ་ཏེ་འདིས་དངོས་པོ་མེད་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །ཞེས་བརྗོད་པ་དེ་ལྟར་ན་ཡང་དངོས་པོར་མི་འགྱུར་རོ། །ཞེས་བྱ་བ་བསྟན་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ན་དེ་ལོག་པར་འགྱུར་ཏེ། དགག་པ་སྒྲུབ་པ་མི་སྲིད་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་ཉིད་ཀྱི་ཕྱིར་འདི་འཇིག་པ་ལ་རྒྱུ་ཅུང་ཟད་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། ། དེ་ལྟར་ན། གལ་ཏེ་བྱ་བ་ཅུང་ཟད་ཅིག །ཡོད་ན་གཞན་ལ་ལྟོས་འགྱུར་ན། །དངོས་གང་ཅུང་ཞིག་མི་བྱེད་ལ། །ཅི་ཕྱིར་འགའ་ཞིག་གིས་ལྟོས་འགྱུར། །བྱ་བ་ཡོད་ན་བྱེད་པར་འགྱུར་ཏེ། དངོས་པོ་འཇིག་པའི་ངང་ཚུལ་ཅན་ལ་བྱ་བ་ཅུང་ཟད་ཀྱང་མེད་དོ་ཞེས་བཤད་ཟིན་ཏོ། །དེ་བས་ན་འཇིག་པའི་རྒྱུ་ ཞེས་བྱ་བ་དེ་ནི་དངོས་པོ་ལ་ཅུང་ཞིག་ཀྱང་མི་བྱེད་པ་དེ་ལྟར་ན་ཅུང་ཞིག་མི་བྱེད་པ་ལ་ལྟོས་པར་བྱ་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ནི་དངོས་པོ་ཕུལ་དུ་བྱུང་བ་སྐྱེ་བ་མེད་པ་ཅན་དེའི་གནས་སྐབས་ཅན་ཉིད་ཇི་ལྟར་ན་འཇིག་པ་ཞེས་བྱ། ཕུལ་དུ་བྱུང་བ་སྐྱེ་བ་ཡིན་ན་ཡང་དེ་ཉིད་དེའི་ཕུལ་དུ་བྱུང་བ་སྐྱེ་བ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནམ། དེ་ཇི་ལྟར་ན་འཇིག་པ་ཞེས་བྱ། དེས་ན་དེའི་གནས་སྐབས་ཅན་འདི་འཇིག་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །གང་གིས་བདག་ཉིད་མེད་པར་འགྱུར་བ་དེས་འཇིག་པ་ཡིན་གྱི། དོན་གཞན་སྐྱེ་བ་ལས་ནི་མ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེས་བཤད་ཟིན་ཏོ། །ཕུལ་དུ་བྱུང་བ་བསྐྱེད་པས་བདག་ཉིད་འཇིག་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ནི་མ་ ཡིན་ནོ། །མེད་པ་ནི་ཕུལ་དུ་བྱུང་བ་ཉེ་བར་བརྗོད་པ་ཐམས་ཅད་ལོག་པའི་སྒོ་ནས་དངོས་པོའི་ཆོས་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀྱིས་དབེན་པའི་མཚན་ཉིད་ཅན་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དངོས་པོ་ནི་སྐྱེ་བ་དང་འབྲེལ་པའི་མཚན་ཉིད་ཅན་ཉིད་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་བས་ན་མེད་པ་ལ་ཡོད་པ་གཞན་འགའ་ཞིག་དགོད་པར་བྱ་བ་ མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ནི་རྒྱུ་མེད་ཅན་ཉིད་ཡང་། །མ་བྱུང་ཉིད་ནས་འཇིག་ཡོད་ཕྱིར། །ཡོད་པ་ཉིད་དང་འཇིག་ཉིད་སྐྱོན། །ཐལ་བར་འགྱུར་བ་བསལ་བ་ཡིན། །གང་ཡང་འཇིག་པ་རྒྱུ་མེད་པ་ཅན་ཡིན་ན་ཡང་མ་བྱུང་བ་ཉིད་ན་འདི་ཡོད་པའི་ཕྱིར་ཡོད་པ་ཉིད་དང་མི་རྟག་པ་ཉིད་བཟློག་པར་དཀའ་ཞིང་མ་བྱུང་<noinclude></noinclude> t0tyqskrv9kj0p3v8ubmyodxemno8yo 104 442846 1334724 1321703 2026-04-15T15:28:52Z Pecha-pema 890001 /* Validated */ 1334724 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Pecha-pema" /></noinclude> ༄༅། །བ་ཉིད་ན་འགྱུར་བ་དང་། རྒྱུ་མེད་པར་བྱུང་བ་ཡང་འགལ་བ་ཡིན་ནོ་སྙམ་དུ་སེམས་ན། དེ་ཡང་འདི་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་བསལ་བ་ཡིན་ཏེ། དངོས་པོ་འགའ་ཞིག་ཁས་མ་བླངས་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །ཇི་ལྟར་སྐྱེ་བ་ཅན་འགའ་ཞིག །ཐོགས་པ་ཉིད་འདོད་དེ་བཞིན་དུ། །གལ་ ཏེ་དངོས་རྣམས་འཇིག་རང་བཞིན། །ཡིན་གྱི་སྐྱེ་ལྡན་མིན་མ་ཡིན། །ཅི་སྟེ་དངོས་པོ་རྣམས་ཀྱི་སྐད་ཅིག་མར་གནས་པའི་ཆོས་ཅན་གང་ཡིན་པ་དེ་ནི་དེའི་རང་བཞིན་དུ་འགྱུར་བ་བླ་སྟེ། དེ་ནི་སྐྱེ་བ་དང་ལྡན་པ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་འགྱུར་བ་ཡིན་ནོ། །རང་གི་ངོ་བོ་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར། ཐམས་ཅད་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀྱི་རང་ གི་ངོ་བོར་ནི་འགྱུར་བ་ནི་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། ཐོགས་པར་བྱེད་པའི་བདག་ཉིད་བཞིན་ནོ། །དེ་ནི་བདེན་ན་དེ་ལྟ་ནའང་། །རྒྱུ་ཡི་རང་བཞིན་ངེས་པ་ལས། །འབྲས་བུའི་རང་བཞིན་ངེས་ཡིན་གྱི། །ཐ་དད་བྱེད་རྣམས་མེད་ཉིད་ཕྱིར། །མི་རྟག་ངོ་བོ་ཐ་དད་མེད། །ཐོགས་པར་བྱེད་པའམ་གཞན་གློ་ བུར་བའི་ངོ་བོ་ནི་སོ་སོ་ངེས་པ་དང་ལྡན་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །རང་གི་རྒྱུའི་ནུས་པའི་གནས་པ་ཅི་འདྲ་བ་དེ་འདྲ་བའི་འབྲས་བུར་གྱུར་པའི་ཕྱིར། རྒྱུའི་རང་བཞིན་དེས་ན་ངེས་པ་ལས་འབྲས་བུའི་རང་བཞིན་ངེས་པ་ཡིན་གྱི། འདི་གློ་བུར་བ་ཉིད་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་ཡང་བཤད་ཟིན་ཏོ། །ཐོགས་པར་བྱེད་ པའི་བདག་ཉིད་ཅན་རྒྱུའི་ཚོགས་པའི་རང་བཞིན་ངེས་པ་བཞིན་དུ་འཇིག་པ་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད་པའི་རང་བཞིན་ཅན་དངོས་པོ་མཐོང་ན། གང་གིས་དེ་ལས་སྐྱེ་བ་དང་ལྡན་པ་དེ་ལྟར་འགྱུར་གྱི། གཞན་ནི་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། རྣམ་པ་ཐམས་ཅད་པ་ལས་སྐྱེ་བ་ཅན་དག་གི་འཇིག་པ་མཐོང་བའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །ཚོགས་ པ་ཐམས་ཅད་ལས་སྐྱེ་བ་དང་ལྡན་པ་དག་འཇིག་པར་འགྱུར་རོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་འདི་ཡང་དེ་དག་མ་ལུས་པ་མཐོང་བ་མེད་པའི་ཕྱིར། ངེས་པ་མེད་པ་ཉིད་མ་ཡིན་ནམ། ཚོགས་པ་ནུས་པ་སྣ་ཚོགས་པ་མཐོང་བར་འགྱུར་བ་དེ་ལས་འགའ་ཞིག་འགྱུར་ན་ཡང་། གང་གིས་འཇིག་པའི་ངང་ཚུལ་ཅན་མ་ཡིན་པའི་ བདག་ཉིད་བསྐྱེད་པར་འགྱུར་ཞེ་ན། མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། ཤེས་བྱའི་སྐབས་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །འགའ་ཞིག་གི་ཚེ་འགའ་ཞིག་ཏུ་འགའ་ཞིག་གིས་ཤེས་པར་མི་འགྱུར་བ་གང་ཡིན་པ་དེ་དག་ནི་ཡོད་པ་ཉིད་དང་རྗེས་སུ་འབྲེལ་པ་ཅན་གྱི་འཇིག་པ་ཞེས་བརྗོད་དོ། །དེ་དག་ཉིད་བྱས་པ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་མི་རྟག་པ་ཉིད་དུ་<noinclude></noinclude> br8sqnr3rr0nzfmwc509vbyg0h2h789 104 442847 1334725 1321704 2026-04-15T15:47:30Z Pecha-pema 890001 /* Validated */ 1334725 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Pecha-pema" /></noinclude> བསྒྲུབ་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །གང་ཞིག་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད་པའི་རང་བཞིན་ཅན་དེ་དག་འཇིག་པ་མེད་པ་ཅན་ཡིན་པས་ན་ཡང་བསྐྱེད་པར་མི་འགྱུར་བའམ། གཞན་ལ་ལྟོས་པར་འགྱུར་བ་སྲིད་པ་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། དེའི་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད་པའི་རང་བཞིན་ནི་གྲུབ་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །ལྟོས་པ་མེད་པ་ཅན་དེ་དག་འགའ་ཞིག་གི་ཚེ་ ཡང་འགའ་ཞིག་གི་ཤེས་པ་འགའ་ཞིག་ཀྱང་ལྡོག་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ལྟ་བུར་གྱུར་པ་ཅུང་ཞིག་ཀྱང་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། ཐམས་ཅད་འགའ་ཞིག་གི་ཚེ་འགའ་ཞིག་གིས་ཤེས་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །ཤེས་པ་ཙམ་གྱི་དོན་བྱེད་པའི་ནུས་པ་མེད་ན་ཡང་དངོས་པོ་ཉིད་དུ་མི་འགྱུར་རོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ན་དེའི་མཚན་ཉིད་ཅན་ དངོས་པོ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེས་འཆད་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །དེ་ཡང་འཇིག་པར་འཁྲུལ་པ་མེད་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་ཡོད་པ་ཉིད་དང་འབྲེལ་པ་ཅན་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ཕྱིར་དེ་རྣམས་འབྲེལ་པ་ཡང་། །རྟག་པ་ཉིད་ནི་བསལ་བྱ་ཡིན། །འཇིག་པ་ནི་ཇི་སྐད་དུ་བཤད་པའི་དངོས་པོ་ཙམ་དང་འབྲེལ་པ་ཡིན་པ་དེ་ཉིད་ཀྱི་ཕྱིར། སྒྲ་དང་ འདྲ་བར་འབྲེལ་པ་རྟག་པ་ཉིད་ཀྱང་བསལ་བར་བྱ་བ་ཡིན་ནོ། །རྒྱལ་དཔོག་པ་དག་གིས་སྒྲའི་ནུས་པ་རུང་བ་ཉིད་ཅེས་བྱ་བའི་དོན་རྟོགས་པའི་རྟེན་དུ་བརྗོད་པ་གང་ཡིན་པ་དེ་ནི་དོན་གཞན་ཉིད་དུ་འགྱུར་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ན་རུང་བ་ཉིད་ཅེས་བྱ་བ་དངོས་པོ་རྣམས་ཀྱི་ངོ་བོའི་ཕུལ་དུ་བྱུང་བ་ཉིད་ཡིན་ནོ་ ཞེས་སྔར་བརྗོད་ཟིན་ཏོ། །དོན་གཞན་ཡིན་པ་ཡང་བླ་སྟེ། དེ་ལྟར་ན་ཡང་འབྲེལ་པའི་སྔར་བཤད་སྐྱོན་རྣམས་ཀྱི། སྒྲ་ཡི་ནུས་པ་བསལ་བ་ཡིན། །འབྲེལ་པ་དོན་དུ་གྱུར་པ་ཡིན་པར་སྨྲ་བ་ལ་སྐྱོན་རྣམ་པ་དུ་མ་བཤད་ཟིན་པ་དེ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་སྒྲའི་ནུས་པ་དེ་སུན་ཕྱུང་བ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་ཕྱིར་ཡང་མི་བརྗོད་དོ། ། གཞན་ཡང་། སྐྱེས་བུས་མ་བྱས་ཤེས་བྱ་ཉིད། །ཇི་བཞིན་དོན་ཤེས་སྒྲུབ་བྱེད་མིན། །སྐྱེས་བུའི་ཉེས་པས་སྐྱོན་མེད་པའི། །མེ་སོགས་རྣམ་པ་གཞན་དུའང་མཐོང་། །རིག་བྱེད་པའི་སྒྲ་སྐྱེས་བུས་མ་བྱས་པ་ཡིན་པ་ཡང་བླ་སྟེ། དེ་ལྟར་ན་ཡང་དེ་དག་དོན་ཇི་ལྟ་བ་བཞིན་མ་ཡིན་པའི་ཤེས་པའི་ རྒྱུ་ཉིད་ཡིན་པར་བསམ་པར་བྱ་བ་ཡིན་ནོ། །སྐྱེས་བུའི་སྐྱོན་གྱིས་ཉེ་བར་བསྒྱུར་བ་ཉིད་དོན་དག་ལས་ཤེས་པ་འཁྲུལ་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། དེ་དང་བྲལ་བའི་སྒྲོན་མ་ལ་སོགས་པ་དག་གིས་ཀྱང་ཨུཏྤལ་ལ་སོགས་པ་དག་ལ་ལོག་པའི་རྣམ་པར་ཤེས་པ་བསྐྱེད་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་བས་ན་འདུས་<noinclude></noinclude> f9x79r14oy0u9k4u6no35m5sok1k5cb 104 442848 1334726 1321705 2026-04-15T15:54:18Z Pecha-pema 890001 /* Validated */ 1334726 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Pecha-pema" /></noinclude> ༄༅། །བྱས་པ་ལ་ལྟོས་པ་མེད་པའི་སྒྲ་འདི་དག་ནི་ངོ་བོ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་དོན་རྣམས་ལ་སློབ་པའི་རྒྱུར་འགྱུར་ཏེ། རང་བཞིན་གྱི་ཁྱད་པར་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །ལོག་པར་བསལ་བ་ཅན་དག་ཀྱང་ངེས་པར་འགྱུར་ཏེ། མེ་ལ་སོགས་པ་བཞིན་ནོ། །གལ་ཏེ་ངེས་པའི་རྒྱུ་མེད་པའི་ ཕྱིར་མི་རིགས་སོ་ཞེ་ན། ཕྱིན་ཅི་མ་ལོག་པ་བསལ་བ་ཅན་གྱི་ངེས་པ་ལ་རྒྱུ་ཅི་ཞིག་ཡོད། དེ་བས་ན་ངོ་བོ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་དོན་ཇི་ལྟ་བ་བཞིན་དུ་བསལ་བའི་ངེས་པ་བཞིན་དུ་དོན་ཇི་ལྟ་བ་བཞིན་དུ་མ་ཡིན་པའི་བསལ་བའི་ངེས་པ་ཅིའི་ཕྱིར་མི་རྟོགས། ཡང་ན་མེ་ལ་སོགས་པ་དང་འདྲ་བར་དོན་དག་གཉི་གའི་ ཤེས་པའི་རྒྱུ་ཉིད་དུ་འགྱུར་རོ། །མེ་ལ་སོགས་པ་སྐྱེས་བུས་མ་བྱས་པ་ཡིན་དུ་ཟིན་ཀྱང་གཅིག་དོན་ཇི་ལྟ་བ་བཞིན་དུ་ཤེས་པའི་རྒྱུ་ཡིན་ན་ཡང་ཐམས་ཅད་ལ་དེ་ལྟར་འགྱུར་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ན་སྒྲ་རྣམས་ཀྱང་སྐྱེས་བུས་མ་བྱས་པ་ཉིད་ཡིན་ན་ཡང་གཉི་གར་འགྱུར་རོ། །མེ་ལ་སོགས་པ་དག་ ནི་བྱས་པ་ཉིད་ཀྱི་ཕྱིར། རྐྱེན་ཇི་ལྟ་བ་བཞིན་དུ་གཞན་ལ་རྣམ་པ་གཞན་ཉིད་ཡིན་པ་བླ་སྟེ། སྒྲ་རྟག་པ་དག་ལ་ཡང་དེ་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ལྟ་བུའི་རྣམ་པའི་ཆོས་དེ་ལ་ཡང་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནམ། དེ་དག་ཀྱང་བརྡའི་སྟོབས་ལས་རྣམ་པ་གཞན་དུ་འཇུག་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །འབྲས་བུ་བསྐྱེད་ པའི་རང་བཞིན་དུ་གནས་པ་ཡིན་ཡང་དེ་དག་བརྡ་ལ་སོགས་པ་ཡང་ལྟོས་པར་བྱ་བ་མེད་པའི་ཕྱིར། དེ་ལས་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀྱིས་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀྱི་ཚེ་དོན་རྣམས་རྟོགས་པར་འགྱུར་ན་ཡོད་པ་ཡང་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་བས་ན་སྒྲ་རྣམས་ནི་གནས་པའི་རང་བཞིན་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །གཞན་ཡང་དེ་ན་མ་བྱས་པར་འདོད་ན། ཤེས་པ་ཉིད་ཀྱི་རྒྱུར་མི་འགྱུར། །རྟག་པ་དག་ལས་དངོས་ནུས་པས། །འགའ་ཡང་སྐྱེ་བ་ཡོད་མ་ཡིན། །གལ་ཏེ་སྒྲ་མ་བྱས་པ་ཡིན་ན་དེ་ལས་དོན་ཤེས་པ་ཉིད་དུ་མི་འགྱུར་རོ། །ཤེས་པ་སྐྱེ་བ་དང་ཅིག་ཤོས་ཀྱི་དུས་དག་ཏུ་ངོ་བོར་མཚུངས་པའི་ཤེས་པ་བསྐྱེད་པ་ལ་ནུས་པ་ཡོད་པ་མི་ རུང་བའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ན་འདི་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད་པ་ཡིན་ལ་དེ་ལྟར་ན་ནི་མ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེས་ངོ་བོའི་ཁྱད་པར་རྣམ་པར་ཕྱེ་བར་བྱ་བ་མེད་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །འདིའི་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད་པ་མ་ཡིན་པ་ཅི་འདྲ་བ་དེ་འདྲ་བ་ཉིད་ནི་སྐྱེད་པར་བྱེད་པར་རིགས་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཞིང་གཞན་ལ་ལྟོས་པ་ཡང་བཀག་པ་ཉིད་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་བས་ན་རྟག་<noinclude></noinclude> o7607nhbu4zmu3hucyb0l6larxluw0z 104 442849 1334727 1321706 2026-04-15T16:05:53Z Pecha-pema 890001 /* Validated */ 1334727 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Pecha-pema" /></noinclude> པ་དག་ནི་འགའ་ཞིག་ཏུ་ཡང་ཤེས་པ་བསྐྱེད་པར་ནུས་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། འགའ་ཞིག་གི་ཚེ་མི་སྐྱེད་ན་རྟག་ཏུ་མི་བསྐྱེད་པར་ཐལ་བའི་ཕྱིར་དང་། འབྲས་བུ་རྟག་ཏུ་མ་མཐོང་བའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་དག་རྣམ་པ་འགའ་ཞིག་གིས་ཀྱང་བྱེད་པ་པོ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེས་མང་དུ་བཤད་ཟིན་ཏོ། ། དེ་དག་གི་ནམ་མཁའ་ལ་སོགས་པ་རྟག་པ་དག་ཏུ་འདོད་པ་དག་གི་རྟོག་པ་གང་ཡིན་པ་དེ་ཡང་དེའི་རང་བཞིན་ཅན་དུ་འགྱུར་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ན། ཀུན་རྟོག་བག་ཆགས་ལས་བྱུང་བའི། །སྒྲོ་བཏགས་སྤྱོད་ཡུལ་ཅན་བློ་དག །འགའ་ཞིག་དེ་ལས་སྐྱེ་འགྱུར་གྱི། །དོན་དེ་སྤྱོད་ཡུལ་ ཅན་མ་ཡིན། །རང་གི་མཚན་ཉིད་ཀྱི་ཡུལ་ཅན་གྱི་བློ་ནི་ངེས་པར་དེའི་རུང་བ་ཉིད་དུ་ཉེ་བའི་རྗེས་སུ་བྱེད་པའི་ངང་ཚུལ་ཅན་ཡིན་པས་ན། འདིའི་རྒྱུ་རུང་བ་དེ་ལ་ཡོད་ན་དེ་འགྱུར་བ་ཉིད་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ན་དེ་གལ་ཏེ་དངོས་པོ་རྟག་པ་རྣམས་ཀྱི་རང་གི་མཚན་ཉིད་ལ་འགའ་ཞིག་གི་ཤེས་པ་ འགྱུར་ན་ཐམས་ཅད་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀྱི་ཚེ་འགྱུར་རོ། །འབྲས་བུ་ཁྱད་པར་དུ་བྱས་པའི་བསལ་བ་ཅན་དག་ནི་རྣམ་པ་འགའ་ཞིག་གིས་འགའ་ཞིག་ལ་ཉེ་བར་སྦྱར་བ་ན། དེ་བསྐྱེད་པར་རུང་བའི་ཕུལ་དུ་བྱུང་བ་ཐོབ་པའི་རྒྱུའི་དངོས་པོའི་ཁྱད་པར་དུ་ལྟོས་པ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ནི་རིགས་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ ན་འབྲས་བུའི་ཁྱད་པར་ཅན་མ་ཡིན་པ་རྟག་པའི་དངོས་པོ་དེའི་རྒྱུ་ལས་ལྟོས་པ་ཅན་འགའ་ཞིག་གིས་གཟུང་བར་འགྱུར་ན། གལ་ཏེ་འདིའི་འཛིན་པ་བསྐྱེད་པར་འགྱུར་ན་དེ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་གཟུང་བ་གང་ཡིན་པ་དེ་རིགས་པ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ཡང་སྲིད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། བརྟན་པའི་རང་བཞིན་ཉིད་ ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ན་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀྱིས་ཅིག་ཅར་གཟུང་བར་འགྱུར་བའམ། འགའ་ཞིག་གིས་ཀྱང་མ་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར། འགའ་ཞིག་ཡོད་པ་མཐོང་ན། རྟག་པ་འགའ་ཞིག་ཀྱང་དབང་པོ་ལས་འདས་པར་འགྱུར་བ་མ་ཡིན་ན། དེ་ཡང་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་བས་ན་ནམ་ མཁའ་ལ་སོགས་པ་ལ་ཐམས་ཅད་ཀྱི་འཁྲུལ་པ་ཉིད་དོན་གྱི་ནུས་པ་ལ་ལྟོས་པ་མེད་པ་སྒྲོ་བཏགས་པའི་སྤྱོད་ཡུལ་ཅན་ནང་གི་ཉེ་བར་ལེན་པ་རྣམ་པར་རྟོག་པའི་བག་ཆགས་སད་པ་ལ་བརྟེན་ནས་ཕྱི་རོལ་གྱི་དོན་གྱིས་སྟོང་པ་དག་སྐྱེ་བར་འགྱུར་རོ། །དེ་བས་ན་སྒྲ་ནི་གཞན་དུ་འགྱུར་བ་མ་ཡིན་པའི་<noinclude></noinclude> ffa0g99lx863wm5vw823a3s650fxjso 104 442850 1334728 1321707 2026-04-15T16:14:27Z Pecha-pema 890001 /* Validated */ 1334728 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Pecha-pema" /></noinclude> ༄༅། །ཆོས་ཅན་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ཉིད་ཡིན་ན་ཡང་དོན་ཕྱིན་ཅི་མ་ལོག་པར་རྟོགས་པ་ཅན་ཉིད་ཅེས་བྱ་བ་དེ་གང་ལས་ཡིན། མེ་ནི་ཁ་བའི་གཉེན་པོ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་ལ་སོགས་པ་ལ་མེ་ནི་གྲང་བ་འཇོམས་པར་ནུས་པ་འཇིག་རྟེན་ལ་གྲགས་པ་བསྟན་པས་ཐམས་ཅད་དེ་ལྟར་ འགྱུར་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །འཇིག་རྟེན་ནི་རང་གི་འདོད་པས་བྱས་པའི་བརྡའི་རྗེས་སུ་ཐ་སྙད་འདོགས་པའི་ཕྱིར། འཇིག་རྟེན་འདིར་རང་གི་བརྡའི་རྗེས་སུ་བྱེད་པས་ཅི་དེ་ལྟར་རྟོགས་སམ། འོན་ཏེ་རང་བཞིན་གནས་པ་ལས་ཡིན་ཞེས་ཐེ་ཚོམ་ཟ་བ་ཉིད་ཡིན་ནོ། །འཇིག་རྟེན་གྱི་འདོད་པས་ སྒྲ་དག་གཞན་དུ་གྱུར་པ་ཡིན་ན་ཡང་གཞན་ལ་ཡང་རྣམ་པ་གཞན་དུ་སྣང་བའི་ཕྱིར། འཇིག་རྟེན་གྱི་གྲགས་པའི་རྗེས་སུ་བྱེད་པ་ལ་ཡང་དེ་དག་རྣམ་པ་གཞན་དུ་འགྱུར་བ་ཉིད་སྲིད་དོ། །དེ་བས་ན་འགའ་ཞིག་ཕྱིན་ཅི་མ་ལོག་པར་མཐོང་དུ་ཟིན་ཀྱང་ཐམས་ཅད་དེ་དག་དེ་ལྟ་བུའི་ངོ་བོར་གྲུབ་པ་མ་ཡིན་ ནོ། །དེ་དག་མ་བྱས་པའི་རང་བཞིན་ཅན་ཡིན་ན་ཡང་འགའ་ཞིག་ལོག་པ་ཉིད་དུ་ངེས་པས་ཀྱང་འགྱུར་བའི་ཕྱིར། རང་བཞིན་ཡོངས་སུ་ཤེས་པ་མེད་པ་ལས་ཐམས་ཅད་ལ་ཐེ་ཚོམ་དུ་འགྱུར་རོ། །གལ་ཏེ་བྱས་པ་ལོག་པ་ཉིད། །མཐོང་བ་ཉིད་ཀྱི་ཕྱིར་ན་ཚིག །མ་བྱས་བདེན་དོན་ཅན་ ཡིན་ཏེ། །ལྡོག་པས་འགལ་བ་ཁྱབ་ཕྱིར་རོ། །ཅི་སྟེ་ལོག་པའི་དོན་ཅན་གྱི་ཚིག་གང་ཡིན་པ་དེ་མ་ལུས་པའི་བྱས་པ་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར། གཏན་ཚིགས་ལྡོག་པས་བསྒྲུབ་པར་བྱ་བ་ལོག་པ་ལ་ཁྱབ་པའི་ཕྱིར་གཞན་ལ་མི་སྲིད་པས་ན། མ་བྱས་པ་ནི་བདེན་པའི་དོན་ཅན་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བར་རྗེས་ སུ་འགྲོ་བ་མེད་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །གང་ལ་གང་གིས་མ་ཁྱབ་ན། དེ་ལ་ལྡོག་པར་དོགས་པར་བྱ་བ་ན། འགལ་བ་དག་ནི་གཅིག་ལ་ཡོད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །མེད་ན་ཡང་རིགས་མི་མཐུན་པ་ལ་རྣམ་པ་གཞན་མེད་པས་འདོད་པའི་དོན་གྲུབ་པའི་ཕྱིར་དང་། དེ་སྒྲུབ་པའི་བྱེད་པ་ཉིད་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར། རྟགས་ཀྱི་རྗེས་སུ་འགྲོ་བ་བསྟན་པ་དོན་མེད་པ་ཡིན་ཏེ། ལྡོག་པ་ཙམ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་གྲུབ་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དེ་ནི་བདེན་ཏེ་གལ་ཏེ་གཏན་ཚིགས་བསྒྲུབ་པར་བྱ་བའི་མི་མཐུན་པའི་ཕྱོགས་ལ་ཁྱབ་པར་བྱ་བ་དང་། ཁྱབ་པར་བྱེད་པའི་ངོ་བོ་གྲུབ་པར་འགྱུར་ན་དེ་ཡང་གྲུབ་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །འདི་ལྟར། མེད་<noinclude></noinclude> s1bwktbzmg8ii0odwpgxevxiugjdl51 104 442851 1334729 1321708 2026-04-15T16:27:26Z Pecha-pema 890001 /* Validated */ 1334729 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Pecha-pema" /></noinclude> ཕྱིར་གཏན་ཚིགས་མ་བསྟན་ནའང་། །དེ་ནི་ཡོད་པར་དོགས་འགྱུར་ཏེ། །དངོས་པོ་འགལ་བ་དག་ལ་ཡང་། །ཁྱབ་པར་བྱེད་པ་མཐོང་ཕྱིར་རོ། །གལ་ཏེ་གཏན་ཚིགས་བསྒྲུབ་པར་བྱ་བ་མི་མཐུན་པའི་ཕྱོགས་ལ་མེད་པར་འགྲུབ་པར་འགྱུར་ན། བསྒྲུབ་པར་བྱ་བ་ལོག་པ་ལ་གཏན་ ཚིགས་ལྡོག་པས་ཁྱབ་པར་འགྱུར་ན། དེ་ལ་དེ་མེད་པ་ལ་ཚད་མ་ཡང་མ་མཐོང་ངོ་། །མི་འགལ་བ་བསྒྲུབ་པར་བྱ་བ་ལ་ཡང་དགག་པ་སྒྲུབ་པར་བྱེད་པ་རིགས་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། ཐལ་ཆེས་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །ཐ་དད་པའི་འགལ་བ་དང་ལྷན་ཅིག་འབྱུང་བ་ཅན་དག་ཀྱང་མཐོང་བའི་ཕྱིར། གཅིག་ ལ་མཐོང་བ་ཡང་གཞན་ལ་མེད་པ་ཉིད་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། བརྩལ་མ་ཐག་ཏུ་འབྱུང་བ་ཉིད་དང་ཅིག་ཤོས་དག་ལ་མི་རྟག་པ་ཉིད་བཞིན་ནོ། །དེ་ལྟ་བུའི་རྣམ་པ་ཡང་མཐོང་བ་མེད་པའི་ཕྱིར། མེད་པ་ཉིད་ཁོ་ན་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །འདི་ལྟར། ཐམས་ཅད་དུ་ནི་མི་དམིགས་ཕྱིར། མེད་ཉིད་མི་འགྲུབ་ཅེས་ནི་བཤད། །མེད་ པ་ཉིད་ནི་མི་འགྲུབ་ན། །ལྡོག་པ་ཉིད་ལ་ཐེ་ཚོམ་ཟ། །སྐྱེས་བུ་ཙམ་འདིས་ནི་ཐམས་ཅད་མཐོང་བར་ནུས་པ་མ་ཡིན་ན་གང་གིས་ན་འདིའི་མཐོང་བ་ལྡོག་པས་དེ་ལྟར་མི་འགྱུར། གང་གི་ཡེ་ཤེས་ཤེས་བྱ་ཡོད་པ་ཉིད་ལ་འཁྲུལ་པ་མེད་པ་དེ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་གཟིགས་པའི་ཕྱིར་མེད་དོ། །ཞེས་གསུངས་པ་ མཛེས་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །དེ་བས་ན་རང་བཞིན་དང་དུས་དང་ཡུལ་གྱི་བསྐལ་པས་འདི་ཡོད་དུ་ཟིན་ཀྱང་རིགས་པར་འགྱུར་བ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ན་ཐམས་ཅད་མཐོང་བའི་ངང་ཚུལ་ཅན་མ་ཡིན་པ་གང་གིས་མ་བྱས་པའམ། ཅིག་ཤོས་ཀྱི་ཚིག་ནི་ཤིན་ཏུ་ལྐོག་ཏུ་གྱུར་པའི་དོན་ལ་མི་སླུ་བའམ་ཅིག་ཤོས་ ལ་ངེས་པར་ནུས། ལ་ལ་ན་དེ་ལྟར་མཐོང་བའི་དོན་རྣམས་ཀྱང་རྣམ་པ་འགའ་ཞིག་གིས་གཞན་དུ་འགྱུར་ཏེ། དཔེར་ན་ཡུལ་ལ་ལར་འདུ་བྱ་བའི་ཁྱད་པར་ལས་ནི་ནིམ་པའི་འབྲས་བུ་དང་། སྐྱུ་རུ་རའི་འབྲས་བུ་མངར་མོར་ཆགས་པར་འགྱུར་ལ། ད་ལྟར་ནི་དེ་མ་མཐོང་བ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་དེ་དག་ནི་སྤང་ བར་བྱ་བ་མ་ཡིན་པ་ལྟ་བུའོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བས་བསྟན་ཟིན་ཏོ། །དེ་བས་ན་མ་བྱས་པ་དང་ལོག་པའི་དོན་ཅན་དུ་འགྱུར་བ་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་འགལ་བ་མ་མཐོང་ངོ་། །མི་དམིགས་པ་འདི་ནི་སྣང་བའི་བདག་ཉིད་ཅན་དག་གི་སྒྲུབ་པར་བྱེད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེས་བཤད་ཟིན་ཏོ། །དེ་བས་ན་ཅུང་ཞིག་ལོག་པའི་<noinclude></noinclude> thlvagmypm80f2k2mc4iddlgn72xdea 104 442852 1334730 1321709 2026-04-15T16:31:48Z Pecha-pema 890001 /* Validated */ 1334730 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Pecha-pema" /></noinclude> ༄༅། །དོན་ཅན་གང་ཡིན་པ་དེ་ཐམས་ཅད་ནི་སྐྱེས་བུས་བྱས་པ་ཡིན་ནོ་ཞེས་བྱ་བར་ངེས་པ་མེད་པའི་ཕྱིར་ཁྱབ་བ་མེད་དོ། །དེ་ལྟར་ན། གལ་ཏེ་རྗེས་འགྲོ་ལྡོག་པའམ། །བསྒྲུབ་བྱའི་ཆོས་ཅན་ལ་ཡོད་ཉིད། །དེ་ངེས་འབྲས་ཅན་ཤེས་པ་ཡིས། །གྲུབ་པར་འགྱུར་བ་སྒྲུབ་བྱེད་ ཡིན། །དེ་སྐད་དུ་ཡང་བརྗོད་པ་གང་ཞིག་གཉི་ག་ལ་ངེས་པ་དེ་ཁོ་ན་སྒྲུབ་པར་བྱེད་པའམ་སུན་འབྱིན་པར་བྱེད་པ་ཡིན་ནོ། །བརྗོད་པ་གང་ཡང་རུང་བ་ལ་གྲགས་པ་དང་ཐེ་ཚོམ་ཟ་བ་ནི་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། ཡང་སྒྲུབ་པར་བྱེད་པ་ལ་ལྟོས་པ་ཉིད་ཀྱི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །ཞེས་གསུངས་སོ། །འདི་ལ་འགལ་བ་མ་མཐོང་བ་ ཅན་ཡོད་པ་གང་གིས་སྤོང་བར་བྱེད། དེ་བས་ན་ལྡོག་པ་འདི་ནི་ཐེ་ཚོམ་ཟ་བའི་ཕྱིར་སྒྲུབ་པར་བྱེད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །གཞན་ཡང་། གང་ལ་བསྒྲུབ་བྱའི་མི་མཐུན་ཕྱོགས། །བཟློག་པ་ཉིད་བརྗོད་དེ་ཉིད་ནི། །འདི་ཡི་ཕྱོགས་མཐུན་འགྱུར་དེའི་ཕྱིར། །གཏན་ཚིགས་ཐམས་ཅད་རྗེས་འགྲོ་ཅན། །ཅུང་ ཞིག་ལོག་པའི་དོན་ཅན་གང་ཡིན་པ་དེ་ཐམས་ཅད་ནི་སྐྱེས་བུས་བྱས་པ་ཡིན་པ་དེ་ལྟར་ན། གཏན་ཚིགས་ཀྱི་མི་མཐུན་པའི་ཕྱོགས་ཀྱིས་བསྒྲུབ་པར་བྱ་བའི་མི་མཐུན་པའི་ཕྱོགས་ལ་ཁྱབ་པ་དེ་མེད་ན་མེད་པ་གྲུབ་པར་འགྱུར་རོ། །དེ་མེད་པར་ཡོད་ན་ནི་དེས་ཁྱབ་པ་མི་རུང་བའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །རིགས་མི་མཐུན་ པ་ལྡོག་པ་གྲུབ་པ་གང་ཡིན་པ་དེ་ཉིད་རྗེས་སུ་འགྲོ་བ་གྲུབ་པ་ཡིན་ཏེ། བསྒྲུབ་པར་བྱ་བའི་མི་མཐུན་པའི་ཕྱོགས་རྣམ་པར་གཅོད་པའི་མཚན་ཉིད་ཅན་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དགག་པ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་ཀྱང་བྱ་བ་འགྲུབ་པའི་ཕྱིར། རྗེས་སུ་འགྲོ་བ་མེད་པར་ལྡོག་པའི་ཁྱབ་པ་འགྲུབ་པ་མ་ཡིན་ནོ། །དེ་བས་ན་གཏན་ ཚིགས་འགའ་ཞིག་ཀྱང་རྗེས་སུ་འགྲོ་བ་མེད་པ་ཅན་ཞེས་བྱ་བ་མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། གཅིག་རྣམ་པར་གཅོད་པ་ནི་དེའི་རིགས་མི་མཐུན་པ་གྲུབ་པ་མེད་ན་མི་འབྱུང་བ་ཉིད་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ།། །།བམ་པོ་བཅུ་པ། མི་རྟག་པ་དང་བདག་མེད་པ་ཉིད་ལ་སོགས་པ་རྣམ་པར་གཅོད་པ་ན་ཡང་ དེ་ལྟར་འགྱུར་རོ་ཞེ་ན། མ་ཡིན་ཏེ། ལྡོག་པ་རྣམ་པར་གཅོད་པ་ནི་དངོས་པོའི་ངོ་བོ་ཉིད་ཡིན་པའི་ཕྱིར་རོ། །དངོས་པོའི་ངོ་བོ་རྣམ་པར་གཅོད་པ་ན་དངོས་པོ་འཕེན་བར་བྱེད་པ་མ་ཡིན་ཞིང་མེད་པ་རྣམ་པར་གཅོད་པས་ཀྱང་ངེས་པར་དངོས་པོ་ཉེ་བར་འཇོག་པ་ཡིན་ཏེ། དངོས་པོ་དང་དངོས་པོ་མེད་པ་དག་<noinclude></noinclude> ix98r02mo2vmof060x3jtl073n7ndrq 0 449753 1334754 1334053 2026-04-16T05:37:41Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1334754 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ပွႆးသင်ႇၶႃႇ ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းသွင်|ပွႆးသင်ႇၶႃႇ ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းသွင်]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း|သႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ၵပ်းၵႆၢႇလူၺ်ႈ ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းဢၼ်ဝႃႈ 'ယူၼ်း' ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ ထၢင်ႇတေလႆႈသပ်းလႅင်းၼႄ ဢိတ်းၼိုင်ႈယူႇ။ ပိူင်လူင်မၼ်းတႄႉ ယူၼ်း ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၽႂ် ၶဝ်သမ်ႉ ယူႇသဝ်းတီႈလႂ် ငဝ်ႈငႂႃႇၶဝ်သမ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းဢီႈသင် သႃႇသၼႃႇယူၼ်းလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး သမ်ႉၵွင်ႇၵႆၢႇၵၼ်ဢီႈသင် ၼႆၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ လူဝ်ႇလႆႈလႅင်းၸႂ်ဝႆႉယူႇ။ တွၼ်ႈတႃႇ တေသပ်းလႅင်းၼႄ ယူၼ်းဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းဢီႈသင် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်းတႄႉ ႁဝ်းလူဝ်ႇလႆႈႁူႉဝႃႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူၼ်းၶဝ်ၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈဢွၼ်တၢင်း ၶဝ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈလႂ်မႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇတေပွင်ႇၸႂ်ဝႃႈ ၶဝ်ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းဢီႈသင် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ တီႈၵႅပ်ႈၵႅပ်ႈမၼ်း ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝႃႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉထႆး၊ ပီႈၼွင်ႉလၢဝ်း၊ ပီႈၼွင်ႉယူၼ်း၊ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးႁဝ်းၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၼႃႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 12 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၸႃႉႁူမ်ႈၶီ လီႁူမ်ႈသိူဝ်းသေ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ယူႇသဝ်းမႃး တႂ်ႈႁူမ်ႈတႂ်ႈၽူၺ်း ၸဝ်ႈဝူင်ႉႁေႃသႅင် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ၊ ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်း မိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ၊ မိူင်းၶေႇယၢမ်းလဵဝ်ၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းဢေႇၻီႇ ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ၶဝ် ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဝႃႈ 'တႆး' ၼႆ လၢႆလၢႆၵူၺ်း။ မိူင်းလူင်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ လႆႈလူႉယွၼ်ႉသိုၵ်းလူင် ၵူႇပလႆၢႇ ၶၢၼ်ႇ (Kublai Khan) သိုၵ်းမွင်ႇၵူဝ်းလီးယိူဝ်း မိူဝ်ႈပီဢေႇၻီႇ 1253 ၼၼ်ႉၵႂႃႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းမိူင်းလူင်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈလူႉလႅဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးႁဝ်း ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်ပႆၢႈလူင်းမႃး ၸွမ်းၽႆၢႇဢွၵ်ႇၼမ်ႉမႄႈၶွင်ၼၼ်ႉ မႃးတင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈတင်ႈမိူင်းသေ ပဵၼ်မႃး မိူင်းလၢဝ်း၊ ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် လူင်းမႃး တၢင်းတူၵ်းၼမ်ႉမႄႈၶွင်ၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉဢွၼ်ၵၼ် မႃးတင်ႈ ဝၢၼ်ႈတင်ႈမိူင်းသေ ပဵၼ်မႃး မိူင်းထႆးယၢမ်းလဵဝ်ၼႆႉယူႇ။ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်လူင်းမႃးယူႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းထႆး ပွတ်းၼိူဝ် ၸိူဝ်းလၢၼ်ႉၼႃးပႃႇလိယေႃးၼၵ၊ ထႆးယူဝ်းၼူၵ်ႉ ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပီႈၼွင်ႉ မိူင်းႁိမ်းႁွမ်း ႁွင်ႉၶဝ်ဝႃႈ 'ယူၼ်း' ၼႆယူႇ။ လၢၼ်ႉၼႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ မီးၸွမ်းႁိမ်းႁွမ်း သၢမ်ၸဵင်ၶမ်း တီႈမိူင်းလၢဝ်း၊ မိူင်းထႆး၊ မိူင်းတႆး ၸၢပ်ႈၵၼ်ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢၼ်တင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈတင်ႈမိူင်း ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်း တီႈလၢၼ်ႉၼႃးၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မင်းရႆး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းတႆးလိုဝ်ႉ၊ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ ယၢမ်ႈယူႇသဝ်းမႃး တီႈၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ (Chiang Rung) ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ မိူင်းၵဵင်းႁႆးၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈပူၵ်းတင်ႈမႃး 1263 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းပီ 1281 ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် 1292 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉသမ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈယူႇသဝ်း တီႈလမ်းပုၼ်း (ႁရိပုၺ်ၸယ-ပႃႇလိ)။<ref>Hans Penth, ''A Brief History of Lanna'', p.39</ref> မိတ်ႉၸတိူဝ်ႇႁေႃးလႅတ်ႉ-Mr. Hallet တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ ပေႃးပဵၼ်မိူင်း ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၶူင်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵူၼ်းၶိူဝ်းမၢၼ်ႈၶဝ် ယင်းတိုၵ်ႉႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းယူၼ်း ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် တႆး ဢၼ်မႃးယူႇသဝ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆးယူၼ်း ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် တႆးၼႆယူႇ။<ref>William Cliftton Dodd, ''The Tai Race'', p.251.</ref> ပေႃးလႆႈလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း မွၵ်ႈၵႃႈၼႆၢႉၵေႃႈ ယူၼ်းဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၽႂ် ယူႇသဝ်းတီႈလႂ် ၶဝ်ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းဢီႈသင် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီယဝ်ႉ။ တွၼ်ႈဢၼ်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇယူၼ်းလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး သမ်ႉၵွင်ႇၵႆၢႇၵၼ်ၸိူင်ႉႁိုဝ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ သိုပ်ႇလီလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းတူၺ်းထႅင်ႈယူႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈဢွၼ်တၢင်းၼႆႉ ပိၵ်ႉသမ်ႉၸုမ်းသင်ႇၶႃႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ မိူင်းႁိမ်းႁွမ်း ဢမ်ႇမၵ်းမၼ်ႈ ၵိူင်းယူၼ်းၼႆသေတႃႉ ႁဝ်းလႆႈလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းႁူႉဝႃႈ သင်ႇၶႃႇတႆး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၵိူင်းယူၼ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူၼ်း မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၼႃးၶဝ်ၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၶဝ် တႄႇမႃးၽႅဝ် ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈလႄႈဝႃႈ ၶဝ်ပဵၼ်ၵူၼ်းဢမ်ႇမေႃလိၵ်ႈမေႃလႆၢး၊ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ၵူၼ်း ဢမ်ႇယၢမ်ႈမိုတ်ႈၵိုဝ်းၵၼ်တင်း သႃႇသၼႃႇမႃးဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈ။ ၶဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်တႅၵ်ႈၵၼ်တင်း ၵူၼ်းႁိမ်းႁွမ်းၶဝ်ၸိုင် လွၵ်းလႆၢးၼႃႈၵၢၼ် ၽွင်းငမ်းၶဝ်လႂ်၊ ၵၢၼ်ၶွတ်ႇၽွတ်ႈ တူင်ႇဝူင်းၵူၼ်းၶဝ်လႂ်၊ လၢႆးႁဵတ်းလႆၢးသၢင်ႈၶဝ်လႂ် ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ တိုၼ်းၶႅမ်ႉလႅပ်ႈ တိူဝ်းတွၼ်းသေ ၵူၼ်းႁိမ်းႁွမ်းတႄႉတႄႉၼႆယူႇ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း 1350 ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် 1375 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ယင်းၶူင်သၢင်ႈဢွၵ်ႇ ၾိင်ႈသုၼ်ႇတူဝ် (ၾိင်ႈၵဝ်ႇထႆး ဢၼ်ဢဝ်တူဝ်သတ်း ႁဵတ်းပဵၼ်ၾိင်ႈ) ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းမင်းရႆၢးၼႆႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ တင်ႈဝဵင်းၵဵင်းမႆႇ (Nab bisipura)<ref>Jinakalamali, p. VII.</ref> မိူဝ်ႈပီ 12.4.1296 ၼၼ်ႉသေ ဝဵင်းၵဵင်းသၼ် ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် ၶိင်းသၼ်ပူး (King San Phu) ၼၼ်ႉ သၢႆသိုပ်ႇၶိူဝ်းၶုၼ်မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ တင်ႈမႃး မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1327 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1338 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ မိူင်းၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉထႆး ၽႃႉယၢဝ်းသမ်ႉ ၶၢႆႉမႃးတီႈ ၵဵင်းမႆႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း မွၵ်ႈပီ 1350 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၼႃးတင်းသဵင်ႈ ပဵၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူၼ်း ၵဵင်းမႆႇၶဝ် ၽွင်းငမ်း လၢႆႆလၢႆၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ဢမ်ႇပေႃးတၼ်းႁိုင် ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၼႃႈလိၼ်မွၼ်းၶဝ် ၽွင်းငမ်းမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူၼ်းၶဝ် ၶိုၼ်းဢဝ်ႁဵတ်း ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၽွင်းငမ်းႁင်းၶဝ်သေ သိုပ်ႇၽွင်းငမ်း ၵႂၢင်ႈၶႂၢင်လိူဝ်လမ်းပုၼ်ႉ၊ လမ်းပင်း ဢၼ်မွၼ်းၶဝ် ယၢမ်ႈၽွင်းငမ်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉတႄႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မႄႈၼမ်ႉၽယႃးလႄႈ မႄႈၼမ်ႉၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈဢွၼ်တၢင်း ၵႂႃႇၸူးသုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆးၵူၺ်းသေ တိုၵ်ႉႁႃ မႃးၶဝ်ႈလၢၼ်ႉၼႃး မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1444 လႄႈ 1449 ၼၼ်ႉၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူၼ်းၶဝ်ၼႆႉ ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းလိၵ်ႈလႆၢးသွင်မဵဝ်း လႄႈ ၵႂၢမ်းလၢတ်ႈသွင်မဵဝ်းဝႆႉ၊ ပိူင်ၼိုင်ႈ တႃႇၸႂ်ႉ ၼႂ်းတူင်ႇဝူင်းၵူၼ်းသေ ပိုင်ၼိုင်ႈတႄႉ တႃႇၸႂ်ႉ ၼႂ်းလွင်ႈၵိူဝ်းယမ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ႁၢၼ်ႇၽႅၼ်ႉ (Hans Penth)ၵေႃႈ တႅမ်ႈမႆၢဝႆႉဝႃႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉထႆး မိူင်းသုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆးၶဝ်ၵေႃႈ ၸႂ်ႉသွင်မဵဝ်းၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ၊ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထႆး လႄႈ ၵႂၢမ်းလၢတ်ႈထႆးၼၼ်ႉ ၸႂ်ႉတႃႇတူင်ႇဝူင်းၵူၼ်းသေ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လိၵ်ႈၶမႃႇ/လိၵ်ႈပႃႇလိၼၼ်ႉ တႃႇၸႂ်ႉ ၼႂ်းလွင်ႈၵိူဝ်းယမ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူၼ်းၶဝ်ၵေႃႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းလိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထႆး ႁင်းၶေႃပိူင်ၼိုင်ႈဝႆႉ၊ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈ တွၼ်ႈတႃႇ ၼႂ်းတူင်ႇဝူင်းၵူၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၶေးၶဝ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်း လိၵ်ႈမွၼ်းၵဝ်ႇ ၵႂၢမ်းတႆးယူၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႆႉသေ လိၵ်ႈမွၼ်းပၢၼ်မႂ်ႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ထမ်း ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် မိူင်းၼၼ်ႉသမ်ႉ ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းတႃႇ ၼႂ်းလွင်ႈၵိူဝ်းယမ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိၵ်ႈပိတၵၢတ်ႈပႃႇလိ တႆးယူၼ်းလိၵ်ႈၵဝ်ႇလၢၼ်ႉၼႃးၼႆႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈမႂ်ပေႇမႂ်ထၢၼ်ၼႆသေ ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ 1471 ဢေႇၻီႇ ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ပပ်ႉၸႃႇတၵ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ဝီႇသတိတိင်ႇ လႄႈ သတ်ႉထႆးၼိပႃႇတၼႆၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယူႇ၊ ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ဢဝ်လိၵ်ႈထမ်း/ပႃႇလိသေ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉလႆၢလၢႆၼႆယူႇ။ လိုၼ်းလင် ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လိၵ်ႈထမ်းၼႆႉ ၼႂ်းတူင်ႇဝူင်းၵူၼ်းၵေႃႈ ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းယိပ်းပႃးယူႇ။ ၾိင်ႈၸႂ်ႉလိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထႆး ဢၼ်လႆႈႁၼ်ယူႇ ၼိူဝ် သဝ်ႁိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ဝၢႆးသေ 1850 ဢေႇၻီႇ မႃးတၢင်းလင်ယဝ်ႉ ဢမ်ႇလႆႈႁၼ် ၶဝ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းယဝ်ႉဝႃႈၼႆ။ ဝၢႆးသေ 18 ဢေႇၻီႇမႃးၼၼ်ႉ ၵူၺ်းလႆႈႁၼ် ဢၼ်ဢဝ်လိၵ်ႈထႆး ပၢၼ်မိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ်ၼႆႉ ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းၵူၺ်း ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ လိၵ်ႈထမ်းတူဝ်မူၼ်းတႄႉ သိုပ်ႇလႆႈႁၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းၵၼ် ၼႂ်းလွင်ႈၵိူဝ်းယမ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးၼႆႉ ၶဝ်သမ်ႉသိုပ်ႇႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးမိူင်းထႆးပွတ်းႁွင်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢး ထမ်းဢၼ်ၼႆႉ ၸႂ်ႉၼႂ်းၵဵင်းမႆႇ မိူင်းထႆးပွတ်းႁွင်ႇလႆၢလၢႆၵူၺ်းဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈ ယင်းၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းထိုင်ပႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆးပွတ်းဢွၵ်ႇ မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇၵဵင်းတုင် ၶေႇမရတ်ႉပႃႇလိ၊ တႃႈၶီႈလဵၵ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ တေႃႇယၢမ်းၼႆႉလႂ်ၵွၼ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိၵ်ႈထမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၼိူဝ်မႂ်ပေႇမႂ်ထၢၼ် ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် ၼိူဝ်ၸေႈသႃ/ၸေႈတႆးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉသေ သွၼ်ၸွမ်းဝတ်ႉၸွမ်းဝႃးမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယၢမ်းမိူဝ်ႈလၢၼ်ႉၼႃး မီးဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈႁႅင်းသေ ၶိုၼ်ႈယႂ်ႇမႂ်ႇသုင်မႃး မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း 1400-1525 ဢေႇၻီႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ် ၾိင်ႈငႄႈ၊ ၾိင်ႈထုင်း၊ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်း ၼႂ်းလၢၼ်ႉၼႃးၼႆႉ ၽႄႈဢွၵ်ႇၵႂႃႇ မိူင်းႁိမ်းႁွမ်း တင်းၼမ်တႄႉတႄႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ထိုင်ၵႂႃႇ မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ လူင်ၽရႃးပင်း (Luang Prabang/ Lan Chang)၊ ၵဵင်းတုင်၊ ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈ (Chiang Rung) ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် သိပ်းသွင်ပၼ်းၼႃး၊ မိူင်းထႆးပွတ်းၼိူဝ်၊ ၸဵင်ႇႁွင်ႇဝၼ်းတူၵ်း မိူင်းလၢဝ်း၊ ၸဵင်ႇႁွင်ႇဝၼ်းဢွၵ်ႇ မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ၊ ၸဵင်ႇၸၢၼ်းဝၼ်းတူၵ်း မိူင်းၶေႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇလၢတ်ႈၼႄမႃးၼၼ်ႉ လိၵ်ႈထမ်း/လိၵ်ႈယူၼ်း ၼႆႉ ယွၼ်ႉမၼ်းၽႄႈၵႂႃႇ ၼိူဝ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးႁဝ်း မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ တႆးၶိုၼ်၊ တႆးလိုဝ်ႉ၊ တႆးထႆး၊ တႆးယူၼ်း၊ တႆးလၢဝ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵူႈတီႈၵူႈလႅၼ်လႄႈ ၸိုဝ်ႈမၼ်းၵေႃႈ တေၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်း လၢႆၸိူဝ်ႉလႆၢပိူင်တႄႉတႄႉယူႇ။ လိၵ်ႈထမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ လွင်ႈဝႃႈ မၼ်းၵွင်ႉၵႆၢႇၵၼ် ၼႂ်းၵႄႈၵဵင်းမႆႇ၊ ၵဵင်းတုင်၊ မိူင်းလႅမ်း၊ သိပ်းသွင်ပၼ်းၼႃး၊ လၢဝ်းၶဝ် ၵႃႈႁိုဝ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးႁဝ်းဢဝ်ပိုၼ်း ဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်၊ ပိုၼ်းၵဵင်းတုင် ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ သၢႆမိူင်း မင်းရႆၢး ၶိုၼ်းပိၼ်ႇတႅမ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ႁဵတ်းလၵ်းထၢၼ်မၼ်းၼႆၸိုင် ဢမ်ႇၸၢင်ႈထၢင်ႇၽိတ်းၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၼႂ်းၼၼ်ႉ လၢတ်ႈၼႄဝႃႈ တူင်ႇဝူင်း လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးၶိုၼ် ဢၼ်ၸႂ်ႉယူႇ တေႃႇထိုင် 20 ဢေႇၻီႇၼႆႉ လႆႈႁၼ် ၼႂ်းၵဵင်းတုင်၊ မိူင်းလႅမ်း၊ သိပ်းသွင်ပၼ်းၼႃး၊ လၢဝ်း၊ ၵဵင်းမႆႇၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း လႄႈသင်၊ ၼႂ်းၵၢၼ်တူင်ႉၼိုင်ႁဵတ်းသၢင်ႈ ၵူႈဝၼ်းဝၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ လႄႈသင် လႆႈႁၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဝႆႉ တင်းၼမ်တင်းလႆၢတႄႉတႄႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ လိၵ်ႈထမ်း ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် လိၵ်ႈယူၼ်းၼႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပိၵ်ႉသမ်ႉ မၼ်းၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းၸိုဝ်ႈမၼ်း လၢႆၸိူဝ်ႉ လၢႆပိူင် မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ လိၵ်ႈၶိုၼ်၊ လိၵ်ႈယူၼ်း၊ လၢဝ်းယူၼ်း၊ တႆးလုင်း ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၼႆသေတ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်လဵဝ်ၵၼ်ၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိၵ်ႈထမ်း ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် လိၵ်ႈယူၼ်းၼႆႉ လိူဝ်သေၸႂ်ႉ ၼႂ်း မိူင်းထႆးပွတ်းၼိူဝ် မိူၼ်ၵဵင်းမႆႇ၊ ၵဵင်းႁႆး၊ ၵဵင်းသႅၼ်၊ မိူင်းလၢဝ်းၸိူဝ်း ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆးၵေႃႈ ဢၼ်ၸႂ်ႉလိၵ်ႈထမ်း ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် လိၵ်ႈယူၼ်းၼႆႉ လႆႈႁၼ်ပွတ်းဢွၵ်ႇၶူင်း မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ၵဵင်းတုင်၊ တႃႈၶီႈလဵၵ်းလႄႈ တၢင်ႇပွတ်းတၢင်ႇတွၼ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ယူႇ။ မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ ပွတ်းၵဵင်းတုင်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ တွၼ်ႈတႃႇ ၼႂ်းတူင်ႇဝူင်းၵူၼ်းလႄႈသင်၊ ၼႂ်းထမ်ႇမ လွင်ႈၵိူဝ်းယမ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉလႄႈသင် တိုၼ်းၸႂ်ႉလိၵ်ႈ ထမ်း ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် လိၵ်ႈယူၼ်းၼၼ်ႉလႆၢလၢႆယူႇ။ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ လိၵ်ႈယူၼ်းၵေႃႈ ပဵၼ်လိၵ်ႈၶိုၼ်၊ လိၵ်ႈၶိုၼ်ၵေႃႈ ပဵၼ်လိၵ်ႈ ယူၼ်း/လိၵ်ႈထမ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လိူဝ်သေသဵင်ဢွၵ်ႇၶဝ် ပိူင်ၵၼ် ဢိတ်းဢီႈ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးတႄႉ ဢမ်ႇပိူင်ႈၵၼ်သင်ၼႆ ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ် တႅမ်ႈမႆၢဝႆႉၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈလွင်ႈၼႆႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်လႄႈ ပိုၼ်းၵဵင်းတုင် ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသႆၢမိူင်းမင်းရႆၢး ပိၼ်ႇဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းတွၼ်ႈၵႂၢမ်းၼမ်းမၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼင်ႇၼႆယူႇ “ၵႂၢမ်းလၢတ်ႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ မၼ်းမိူၼ်ၵၼ် တင်းပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးလိုဝ်ႉ သိပ်းသွင်ပၼ်းၼႃး၊ မိူင်းၶေႇ၊ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူၼ်း၊ ၵဵင်းမႆႇလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးလၢဝ်းၶဝ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိၵ်ႈတႆးၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ မီးသွင်သဵင်သေ မိူၼ်လိၵ်ႈတႆးယူၼ်း ၵဵင်းမႆႇ၊ တႆးလိုဝ်ႉ သိပ်းသွင်ပၼ်းၼႃးလႄႈ မိူင်းလႅမ်း၊ သမ်ႉတင်းလၢဝ်းၵေႃႈ တေႃႇတႄႉပႅၵ်ႇပိူင်ႈၵၼ် ဢိတ်းဢီႈၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၼႃႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 16 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးဢၼ်ၸႂ်ႉ တီႈၵဵင်းတုင်ၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်သီႇၸဵင်ႇဝႆႉသေ ၵႂႃႇမိူၼ်လိၵ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတီႈၵဵင်းမႆႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်တႄႉ ပဵၼ်တူဝ်မူၼ်းၵႂႃႇယဝ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈၼႆႉ ၶေးတေပဵၼ် ယွၼ်ႉမိူဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽယိၼ်ႇၼွင်ႇ မႃးတိုၵ်းပေႉ ၵဵင်းမႆႇၼၼ်ႉလႄႈ ပဵၼ်ၵႂႃႇႁိုဝ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၽွင်းယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ မိူင်းတႆး တင်းမူတ်းၵေႃႈ လႆႈယွမ်းၵၢၼ်ႉမၼ်း။ ၽွင်းယၢမ်း ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၽယိၼ်ႇၼွင်ႇ မႃးႁူမ်ႇငမ်း ၵဵင်းမႆႇ မိူဝ်ႈ 1559 ဢေႇၻီႇ ၸမ်ႁိုင်မွၵ်ႈ 200 ပီၼၼ်ႉ ၵဵင်းတုင်ၵေႃႈ တႄႇဢဝ်ၼၼ်ႉမႃး လႆႈယူႇၸွမ်းမၼ်းမႃးဝႆႉ“ ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Sao Saimong Mangrai, ''The BaDaeng Chronicle and the Jengtung state chronicle translated, Shan state and the British Annexation'', p.31.</ref> ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်လၢတ်ႈၼႄမႃး ပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၼႆႉ မၼ်းၼႄၶိူဝ်း လွင်ႈ တႆးၶိုၼ်၊ တႆးယူၼ်း၊ တႆးလိုဝ်ႉ၊ တႆးထႆး၊ တႆးၶဝ်ၸမ်ၵႃႈႁိုဝ် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ လိူင်ႈၶိူဝ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ဢိင်ဢဝ် ပိုၼ်းဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင် ဢၼ်သၢင်ႈမႃး မိူဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 15 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉသေ လၢတ်ႈၼႄၵၼ်ယူႇ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ ပိုၼ်းဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၼႆႉ မၼ်းလမ်ႇ လွင်ႈတႄႉတႄႉယူႇ။ ဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၵေႃႇတင်ႈမၼ်း လႆႈဢဝ် တၢင်းၸွႆႈထႅမ် မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၵဵင်းမႆႇ ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်ၵႂႃႇၶိုၼ်ႈၸၢင်း တီႈမႁႃႇဝိႁႃႇရ၊ မိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇၼၼ်ႉမႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉလၢတ်ႈဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈ 1473 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၵဵင်းမႆႇ 25 တူၼ်၊ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ မိူင်းၵမ်ႇပေႃးတီးယႃး 8 တူၼ်၊ ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈမွၼ်း 6 တူၼ် ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၵႂႃႇ မိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇသေ ၵႂႃႇႁဵတ်းၸၢင်းတီႈၼၼ်ႈ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ သွင်ပီယဝ်ႉ ၸင်ႇၵွႆႈၶိုၼ်းမႃး။ မိူဝ်ႈၶိုၼ်းမႃးၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်မႃးၶိုၼ်း တီႈဢယုတ်ႉထယ၊ သုၵ်ႉၶေႃးထႆး၊ သတ်ႉၸၼလယ (Sajjanalaya) ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉသေ ထိုင်မိူဝ်ႈဢေႇၻီႇ 1480 ၸင်ႇၽႅဝ်ၶိုၼ်း ၵဵင်းမႆႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈၸင်ႇပူၵ်းတင်ႈဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင် ၵဵင်းမႆၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇသိုပ်ႇၽႄႈတိူၼ်း သႃႇသၼႃႇၵႂႃႇထႅင်ႈ ထိုင်လမ်းပုၼ်း၊ ၵဵင်းသႅၼ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ လႂ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈၽွင်းၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း သၼ်ႇၽႅင်းၶႅၼ်း (San Feng Ken) ၽူႈဢၼ် ဢမ်ႇၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢုပ်ႉဝၢၼ်ႈၵိၼ်မိူင်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ဝႃႈၼၼ်သေတ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇ သၢၼ်ၶတ်းသင်ၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈၼႂ်းဝတ်ႉၼႆႉ လွၵ်းလႆၢး ၽႄႈတိူၼ်း သႃႇသၼႃႇ၊ လၢႆးသွၼ်လိၵ်ႈပႃႇလိလႄႈ ပၵ်းပိူင်တၢင်ႇ ၸိူဝ်ႉတၢင်ႇပိူင် ၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈဢဝ်လႆၢး သီႇႁူဝ်ႇသေ ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Vernom L.B Mendis, ''Currents of Asian History'', p.377</ref> တီႈၵႂၢမ်းၼမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈသႆၢမိူင်းမင်းရႆၢး တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ "ဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၼႆႉ ငဝ်ႈမၼ်းတႄႉ မီးတီႈၵဵင်းမႆႇ၊ သမ်ႉၽႄႈမႃးထိုင် ၵဵင်းတုင်၊ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ထိုင်မိူင်းယွင်း၊ မိူင်းပဵင်း၊ မိူင်းလႅမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ လႆႈငိၼ်းဝႃႈ ယင်းထိုင် သိပ်းသွင်ပၼ်းၼႃးပုၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ" ဝႃႈၼႆ။<ref>Sao Saimong Mangrai, ''The BaDaeng Chronicle and the Jengtung state chronicle translated, Shan state and the British Annexation'', p.31.</ref> ဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၼႆႉ ယင်းတိုၵ်ႉမီးမႃး တေႃႇထိုင်ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်ၵွၼ်ႇ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ပီမၼ်းဝႃႈ မီး မႃး 500 ပႆၢပႆၢၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၽူႈတႄႇတေႃႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇ မႃးၼႂ်းၵဵင်းတုင်တႄႉ တေလႆႈဝႃႈ ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသေႃမၸိတ်တ လုၵ်ႈသိတ်ႈၸဝ်ႈၺႃႇ ၼၵမ်ႇၽီႇရၼၼ်ႉ ၵေႃႉတေႃႉမႃးၼႆယူႇ။ ဝၢႆးသေ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ မႃးဢဝ်ဝႃႇသႃ ၼႂ်းၵဵင်းတုင်ယဝ်ႉ ဝႆၢးၼၼ်ႉ လႆႈၶၢမ်ႇတင်းယုၵ်ႉယွင်ႈ ပဵၼ် သူမ်တဵတ်း ရႃႇၸၵုရုမုၼိ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၸုမ်ႈဢၼ်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၸုမ်ႈသင်ႇၶႃႇ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်သုင်သုတ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Ibid.p.38.</ref> ၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ယွၼ်ႉမၼ်းပဵၼ် ၸုမ်း(ၵိူင်း)သင်ႇၶႃႇသီႇႁူဝ်ႇ လႄႈ တီႈယူႇတီႈသဝ်း ဝတ်ႉၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တၢင်ႇၸိုဝ်ႈဝႃႈ သီႇႁလႃႇရတ်ႉထႃႇရႃႇမ ၼႆယူႇ။<ref>Ibid.p.112.</ref> သင်ႇၶၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ယူႇသဝ်း ၼႂ်းဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင် ယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ လႆႈႁူႉဝႃႈ ၸဵမ်ၸဝ်ႈၸၢင်း ၸဝ်ႈသၢင်ႇ မီးယူႇမွၵ်ႈ 200 ၼႆၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ တၵႃႇဝတ်ႉလင်ၼႆႉ တေမီးယူႇမွၵ်ႈ 350 ႁိူၼ်းၼႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉမီးဝႆႉ ၽရလူင်ၶၼ်ႇထႃႇ၊ ၽရၵႅဝ်ႈ၊ ၽရသီႇရိ ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၽူႈဢွၼ်ႁူဝ်ၶဝ်ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းမွၵ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 15 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ဝတ်ႉငဝ်ႈၸိုင်ႈလူင် ႁူင်းႁဵၼ်းထမ်ႇမ တႃႇသင်ႇၶႃႇတီႈၵႆ ဢိၵ်ႇတီႈၸမ်ၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းလႆႈလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်း ႁူႉဝႃႈ ဝတ်ႉလင်ၼႆႉ လွၵ်းလႆၢးၽွင်း ငမ်းသင်ႇၶႃႇ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇ ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ဝတ်ႉပႃႇမႆႉလႅင် ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ တႆးယူၼ်း ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈ ယိပ်းလိၵ်ႈတႆးၶိုၼ်/တႆးယူၼ်းၵေႃႈ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၶိုတ်း ၸၼ်ႉၶိုတ်းပၢၼ်၊ ပဵၼ်ဢဵၼ်ပဵၼ်ႁႅင်းတႄႉတႄႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၾိင်ႈထုင်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ၼႆႉၼႆႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉလၢဝ်း၊ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းႁိမ်းႁွမ်း သိမ်းပႅင်းမၼ်းမႃးလီၼႃႇလႄႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းမၼ်း တိုၼ်းဢမ်ႇယၢမ်ႈႁၼ် ဢၼ်လူႉလႅဝ်မႃးသေပွၵ်ႈ။<ref>Sao Saimong Mangrai, ''The BaDaeng Chronicle and the Jengtung state chronicle translated, Shan state and the British Annexation'', p.6.</ref> လွၵ်းလႆၢးၶွတ်ႇၽွတ်ႈ ပိူင်သင်ႇၶႃႇ မိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင် ဝၼ်းမိူဝ်ႈၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ဢမ်ႇပိူင်ႈႁင်ၵၼ် တင်းပိူင်ၶွတ်ႇၽွတ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းပူၼ်ႉမႃး ပၢၼ်ဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ဢၼ်ဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင် တိုၵ်ႉမီးယူႇ တေႃႇႁၢၼ်ႉယၢမ်းလဵဝ်ၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းၼႄလၵ်းထၢၼ်ဝႃႈ လွၵ်းလႆၢးပိူင်ဢၼ်ၼႆႉ ယင်းပႆႇလူႉပႆႇလႅဝ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈတႆးယူၼ်း/တႆးၶိုၼ် ဢၼ်မီးလိၵ်ႈလႆၢး ပိတၵၢတ်ႈႁင်းၶေႃၼႆႉ လႆႈလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းႁူႉဝႃႈ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇမိူၼ်ၵၼ် တင်းၸုမ်းၵိူင်းသင်ႇ ၶႃႇၵဝ်ႈၸုမ်း ဢၼ်မီးယူႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ၊ မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶဝ်ၵေႃႈ ဢမ်ႇၶဝ်ႈပႃး ၼႂ်းသဵၼ်ႈသင်ႇၶႃႇ 9 ၸုမ်းၼၼ်ႉ၊ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပိုၼ်းမၼ်းမီးမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၵိုင်ႇလီမၵ်းမၼ်ႈတႄႉတႄႉၼႆသေတ သမ်ႉဢမ်ႇမိူၼ်ၼင်ႇၼၼ်၊ တေႃႉတႄႉဝႃႈ သၢႆမၼ်းဢမ်ႇၶၢတ်ႇၵႂႃႇသေ ၵိုတ်းဝႆႉဢမ်ႇထၢင်ႇဢမ်ႇထိူမ် ၼင်ႇၼၼ်ၵူၺ်း။ လွၵ်းလႆၢးၶွတ်ႇၽွတ်ႈ ၸၼ်ႉထၢၼ်ႈသင်ႇၶၼႆၵေႃႈ ဢဝ်ဝႃႇသႃမၼ်းဝႃႈသေ မၵ်းမၼ်ႈယူႇ။ လွၵ်းလႆၢးၼႆႉ ပွတ်းမိူင်းၵဵင်းတုင် မိူင်းတႆးပွတ်းဢွၵ်ႇၶူင်းၼၼ်ႉ တိုၵ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ် ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပၵ်းပိူင်ၼႆႉ ယူႇတေႃႇႁၢၼ်ႉယၢမ်းမိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ်။ ပႃႈတႂ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်လွၵ်းလႆၢး ၶွတ်ႇၽွတ်ႈ ၸၼ်ႉထၢၼ်ႈသင်ႇၶၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ # ၸဝ်ႈသၢင်ႇ ဢၼ်ဢႃႇယု မီး 10 ၶူပ်ႇ တေႃႇထိုင် 20 ၼၼ်ႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇမၼေႇရ (SAmanera) # ၸဝ်ႈၸၢင်း ဢၼ်ဢႃႇယု မီး 20 တေႃႇ 24 ၼၼ်ႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၽိၵ်ႉၶု (Bhikkhu) # ဢၼ်ဝႃႇသႃ လႆႈ 5 ဝႃႇၼၼ်ႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၽမႁႃႇ (Phamahā) # ဢၼ်ဝႃႇသႃ လႆႈ 10 ဝႃႇၼၼ်ႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သိတ်ႉထိ၊ ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် သႂႃႇထိ (Sitthi or Svãthi) # ဢၼ်ဝႃႇသႃႇ လႆႈ 20 ဝႃႇၼၼ်ႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၽရသႂႃမိ (Phra- svãmi) # ဢၼ်ဝႃႇသႃ လႆႈ 30 ဝႃႇၼၼ်ႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၽရၶူးဝႃး (Phra- khuvar) # ဢၼ်ဝႃႇသႃ လႆႈ 40 ဝႃႇၼၼ်ႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃ သင်ႇၶၼႃးယူၵ်ႉ (SaNghanaryuk) # ဢၼ်ဝႃႇသႃ လႆႈ 50 မိူဝ်းၼိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉသမ်ႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သူမ် ရဵတ်း ဢယႃးထမ်း ၽရၸဝ်ႈ (Somreit Ayartham Phra- sao) ၼႆယူႇ။<ref>Sao Saimong Mangrai, ''The BaDaeng Chronicle and the Jengtung state chronicle translated, Shan state and the British Annexation'', p.18.</ref> ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ဝႃႈၼၼ်သေတ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းလႆၢး ဝိၼယ ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ၊ ၼႂ်းၵင်ႇၶႃဝိတရၼီႇ ဢတ်ႉထၵထႃႇၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈၸိုင် # ၸဝ်ႈၸၢင်း ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်း 1 ဝႃႇ တေႃႇ 5 ဝႃႇၼၼ်ႉ ႁွင်ႉ ၼဝ # ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်း 1 ဝႃႇ တေႃႇ 10 ဝႃႇၼၼ်ႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မတ်ႉသိမ # ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်း 10 ဝႃႇ တေႃႇ 20 ဝႃႇၼၼ်ႉ ထေႇရ # ဢၼ်မီးဝႃႇသႃ 20 ၶိုၼ်ႈၼိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မႁႃႇထေႇရ ၼႆယူႇ။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] 3hneh3ezi3y6vc6pj9fsbqt5v12d45r 106 449995 1334713 1334272 2026-04-15T13:22:11Z Pecha-pema 890001 1334713 proofread-index text/x-wiki {{:MediaWiki:Proofreadpage_index_template |Title=རྗེ་གསང་བའི་རྣམ་ཐར། |Language=བོད་ཡིག |Author=བཀྲ་ཤིས་དཔལ་ལྡན། |Translator= |Editor= |Year= |Publisher=སོག་པོ། |Address= |Key= |Source=https://library.bdrc.io/ |Image=[[File:རྗེ་གསང་བའི་རྣམ་ཐར།.jpg|thumb|རྗེ་གསང་བའི་རྣམ་ཐར།]] |Progress=C |Volumes= |Pages=<pagelist /> |Remarks= |Width= |Css= }} [[Category:Tibetan]] nv4vdmxymjhn7s7ciasfa5o6xv9hfss 104 450054 1334733 1334697 2026-04-15T18:56:08Z Cwrwgl 937938 /* Proofread */ 1334733 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Cwrwgl" />{{rh|6|Abraham Lincoln Toni Kin.}}</noinclude>cen waśte śni. Qa tona tipi dececa ohna tipi kin, wokoyake, woyute, qa owinja kin nina ḣin śicaya unpi ecee. Abraham Lincoln onśika, cistina eśta tuktekten conwancata tipi en wayawapi kin opa ece. Qa he ehan Indiana on wayawa tipi kin owasin cankaġa tipi, qa maka oceti tankinkinyan unpi, qa waniyetu eca nina peta kin śda se ocetipi ecee. Hokśidan wayawapi kin iye canihdaksaksapi qa ahipi ecee. Hehan wayawa tipi kin dena canowinja kin onspe on kakan kamdaskapi ecee unpi. Qa tona waonspekiyapi kin wica eceepi, qa nina wawitonpapi śni, qa wayawa wicakiyapi owasin cansakadan eceedan on waonspe ic̣iciye wicakiyapi. Waonspekiye dececapi kin hena taku ota sdonyapi śni. Hececa tuka Abraham Lincoln cistinna kin ecadan nape on wowapi kaġapi onspe, qa tona okśan tipi qa iye atkuku ko, nina wowapi wicakicicaġa ecee.<noinclude></noinclude> qegirr5jriu82jfzzljpf39qjtixx8g 1334735 1334733 2026-04-15T19:18:24Z Cwrwgl 937938 1334735 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Cwrwgl" />{{rh|6|Abraham Lincoln Toni Kin.}}</noinclude>cen waśte śni. Qa tona tipi dececa ohna tipi kin, wokoyake, woyute, qa owinja kin nina ḣin śicaya unpi ecee. Abraham Lincoln onśika, cistina eśta tuktekten conwancata tipi en wayawapi kin opa ece. Qa he ehan Indiana on wayawa tipi kin owasin cankaġa tipi, qa maka oceti tankinkinyan unpi, qa waniyetu eca nina peta kin śda se ocetipi ecee. Hokśidan wayawapi kin iye canihdaksaksapi qa ahipi ecee. Hehan wayawa tipi kin dena canowinja kin onspe on kakan kamdaskapi ecee unpi. Qa tona waonspekiyapi kin wica eceepi, qa nina wawitonpapi śni, qa wayawa wicakiyapi owasin cansakadan eceedan on waonspe ic̣iciye wicakiyapi. Waonspekiye dececapi kin hena taku ota sdonyapi śni. Hececa tuka Abraham Lincoln cistinna kin ecadan nape on wowapi kaġapi onspe, qa tona okśan tipi qa iye atkuku ko, nina wowapi wicakicicaġa ecee. {{nop}}<noinclude></noinclude> gm0aoujiaavscat1qsnu3evfoicqp1e 104 450055 1334734 1334698 2026-04-15T19:18:02Z Cwrwgl 937938 /* Proofread */ 1334734 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Cwrwgl" />{{rh||Abraham Lincoln Toni Kin.|7}}</noinclude>Lincoln, oun dececa en, wowapi ocaje otakiya onspe ic̣iciya okihi śni, tuka wowapi tona yuhapi kin hena nina itonpeyahanḣ yawa ecee, qa hena Wowapi Wakan, Aesop Tawooyake, Cante Teca, Washington Toni kin, qa Henry Clay. Dena akihdehde yawa ihunniye, sanpa wowapi tokeca yawa kta wanice nakaeś. Tohan taku iwohdakapi wanji, taku itancanyan cajeyatapi kin okaḣniġe śni eca, iśnana makotahedan un kin hehan, he aiyukcan un, qa token wicoie ookaḣniḣ waśte on yutanin kta ohna ehnake wacin ecee. De wicotawacin tawa kin wicoie kipi ḣca ohna yutanin kta onspeic̣iciya; ohanhdeye ic̣iye wacin kin he iyotan woonspe waśte e ohna onspeic̣iciye. Hokśidan qa wicinyanna ota woonspe waśte qa wowapi waśteśte on onspewicakiyapi śta, tohinni iye wihdukcanpi kta onspepi śni. Tohan tuwe onśika cin hehan mazaska tonana eśta ota ḣca daka ece. Anpetu wan,<noinclude></noinclude> kjoo6cn8ysr3lboj7i1tbamihawp49e 104 450056 1334742 1334699 2026-04-15T21:15:24Z Cwrwgl 937938 /* Proofread */ 1334742 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Cwrwgl" />{{rh|8|Abraham Lincoln Toni Kin.}}</noinclude>Abraham Lincoln, wanna waniyetu akeśahdoġan kin hehantu, Ohio wakpa kin en opta wicaśta nom waḣpaye koya watom peta wata en awicai. Heon wicaśta mazaska okise kin heca nom qupi, unkan Abraham nina wiyuśkin. Hokśidan onśika wan heceḣ kohanna mazaska ota kamna okihi kin he awacin, unkan taku owasin sanpaḣ wicimdeze seca keya keyapi. Anpetu kin hena en, Indiana itokaġatanhan unpi kin taku maḣtipi en icaḣyapi kin New Orleans otonwe kin ekta wata ohna ayapi ecee. Wamnaheza, peji, qa mdo hena wata mdaska tanka en ohnakapi, qa Ohio wakpa kin ohna okaḣpa ayapi, qa ecen Mississippi wakpa kin en iyoḣpayapi ecee. Wata kin dena wanjigji siha iyutapi opawinġe hehanhanyan hanska kaġapi. Decen econpi kin nina oicimani hanske, qa tuktekten wata ayapi kin wata kin ecehna akan<noinclude></noinclude> 5gbumxusmp6x4mp4vlszw72lya3i2dy 2 450069 1334731 2026-04-15T16:44:06Z Newcomer Academy - Louisville, KY 960841 auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1334731 wikitext text/x-wiki Newcomer Academy (NCA) is a public high school in Louisville, Kentucky, United States, operated by Jefferson County Public Schools (JCPS). The school serves recently arrived immigrant and refugee students, primarily adolescent multilingual learners (MLs), including Students with Limited or Interrupted Formal Education (SLIFE). NCA provides a comprehensive, language-rich educational model designed to accelerate English language development, support foundational literacy, and enable students to earn a high school diploma within a compressed timeframe. == Overview == Newcomer Academy was established to address the unique academic and social-emotional needs of newly arrived high school students in the United States. The school offers year-round enrollment and flexible placement processes, allowing students to begin coursework immediately upon arrival. Unlike traditional newcomer programs that function solely as short-term transitional settings, NCA has evolved into a full high school model where students may remain through graduation. Its programming emphasizes both rapid integration into academic content and sustained support for language and literacy development. == Student Population == The school serves a diverse population of students from a wide range of linguistic, cultural, and educational backgrounds. Many students are classified as multilingual learners and are in the early stages of English language acquisition. A significant portion of the student body includes SLIFE students—learners who may have experienced interrupted or limited access to formal schooling prior to arrival in the United States. These students often require simultaneous development of foundational literacy skills and academic content knowledge. == Instructional Model == === Integrated Language and Content Instruction === NCA’s instructional approach is grounded in the WIDA Consortium English Language Development Standards Framework. Language development is embedded across all subject areas rather than taught in isolation. Students engage in reading, writing, speaking, and listening within content-area classrooms, ensuring that language acquisition occurs alongside academic learning. Instructional practices are informed by research from educators such as John Seidlitz, Elsa Cárdenas-Hagan, and Claude Goldenberg, emphasizing structured academic discourse, explicit vocabulary instruction, and interactive learning. === Foundational Literacy === A defining feature of the model is its focus on foundational literacy development within a secondary school context. Instruction incorporates structured literacy practices aligned with Language Essentials for Teachers of Reading and Spelling (LETRS), enabling students to build decoding, fluency, and writing skills while engaging with grade-level content. === Accelerated Pathways to Graduation === Newcomer Academy prioritizes acceleration rather than remediation. Students are enrolled in credit-bearing courses from the outset, allowing them to make immediate progress toward graduation. The school’s Accelerated to Graduation (A2G) program provides intensified instruction and flexible scheduling designed to accommodate students who may also have work or family responsibilities. This approach is particularly important in Kentucky, where state policy limits public school enrollment for students beyond age 21. == Data-Driven Instruction and Professional Learning Communities == A central component of the NCA model is the use of assessment data to guide instruction. Teachers utilize WIDA MODEL Online assessment results to monitor student progress in listening, speaking, reading, and writing. These data are analyzed collaboratively in interdisciplinary professional learning communities (PLCs), where teachers across subject areas identify language demands and design aligned instructional supports. This shared approach promotes consistency and ensures that language development is a collective responsibility across the school. == Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS) == NCA implements a schoolwide Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS) to address academic, behavioral, and social-emotional needs. Educators regularly review key indicators such as attendance, course performance, and language growth to identify students in need of additional support. This system functions as an early warning framework, enabling timely interventions and helping reduce dropout risk among students who may be approaching age-related enrollment limits. == Wraparound Services and School Culture == Newcomer Academy integrates a range of wraparound services to support the whole student. These include: Multilingual and culturally responsive staff, including bilingual associate instructors Mental health services and counseling School-based health and nursing support Community partnerships to address basic needs and family engagement The school also emphasizes student transition and belonging through structured onboarding processes, including a “week of welcome” that परिचces students to school routines, expectations, and resources. == Impact and Significance == The Newcomer Academy model is designed to address key factors associated with dropout among multilingual learners, including interrupted education, limited English proficiency, and social-emotional barriers. By integrating instruction, data systems, and student supports, the school aims to increase engagement, accelerate credit attainment, and improve graduation outcomes. The model has been cited as an example of a comprehensive, school-based approach to serving adolescent multilingual learners and SLIFE populations. Its emphasis on acceleration, interdisciplinary collaboration, and culturally responsive practices offers a framework that may inform similar programs in other districts across the United States. == See Also == Jefferson County Public Schools WIDA Students with Limited or Interrupted Formal Education (SLIFE) English as a Second Language (ESL) education References Cárdenas-Hagan, Elsa. Literacy Foundations for English Learners. Brookes Publishing, 2020. Goldenberg, Claude. “Reading Instruction for English Learners.” Stanford University, 2010. Goldenberg, Claude. Research-Based Reading Instruction for English Learners. 2020. Jefferson County Public Schools. Newcomer Academy: About Us. Kentucky Department of Education. High-Quality Instructional Resources. Kentucky Administrative Regulations. 702 KAR 7:125. Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education. Students with Limited or Interrupted Formal Education (SLIFE). Seidlitz, John. 7 Steps to a Language-Rich, Interactive Classroom. 2010. U.S. Department of Education. Newcomer Toolkit. 2017. WIDA Consortium. English Language Development Standards Framework. 2020. Lexia Learning. LETRS Overview. 2024. tplqgydq8qcejmiptqrumym1i6vynnx 104 450070 1334736 2026-04-15T19:18:57Z Cwrwgl 937938 /* Without text */ 1334736 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="0" user="Cwrwgl" /></noinclude><noinclude></noinclude> qffxdumcy74uweriltncpmfbgupw2dt 104 450071 1334737 2026-04-15T19:19:07Z Cwrwgl 937938 /* Without text */ 1334737 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="0" user="Cwrwgl" /></noinclude><noinclude></noinclude> qffxdumcy74uweriltncpmfbgupw2dt 104 450072 1334738 2026-04-15T19:19:23Z Cwrwgl 937938 /* Without text */ 1334738 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="0" user="Cwrwgl" /></noinclude><noinclude></noinclude> qffxdumcy74uweriltncpmfbgupw2dt 104 450073 1334739 2026-04-15T19:19:32Z Cwrwgl 937938 /* Without text */ 1334739 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="0" user="Cwrwgl" /></noinclude><noinclude></noinclude> qffxdumcy74uweriltncpmfbgupw2dt 104 450074 1334740 2026-04-15T19:19:54Z Cwrwgl 937938 /* Without text */ 1334740 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="0" user="Cwrwgl" /></noinclude><noinclude></noinclude> qffxdumcy74uweriltncpmfbgupw2dt 104 450075 1334741 2026-04-15T19:20:10Z Cwrwgl 937938 /* Without text */ 1334741 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="0" user="Cwrwgl" /></noinclude><noinclude></noinclude> qffxdumcy74uweriltncpmfbgupw2dt 104 450076 1334743 2026-04-16T03:12:20Z Pecha-Alalamo 871864 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1334743 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="Pecha-Alalamo" /></noinclude>༄༅། །འདི་ཉིད་དུ་དག་པར༴ ཐུན་འདི་ཉིད་དུ་དག་པར༴ བདག་གི་རྒྱུད་འདི་དག་པར༴ རྒྱུད་འདི་རྣམ་པར་གྲོལ་བར༴ ད་ལྟ་ཉིད་དུ་གྲོལ་བར༴ འདུག་ས་འདི༴ ཐུན་འདི་ཉིད༴ བདག་གི་རྒྱུད་ལ་ཏིང་ངེ་འཛིན་མཆོག་ཏུ་གྱུར་པ་ཕྱིན་ཅི་མ་ལོག་པ་སྐྱེ་བར༴ ད་ལྟ་ཉིད་དུ་སྐྱེ་༴ འདུག་ས༴ ཐུན་འདི་ཉིད༴ ཡེ་ཤེས་མཆོག་ཏུ་གྱུར་པ་ཕྱིན་ཅི་མ་ལོག་པ་སྐྱེ་བར་བྱིན་གྱིས་བརླབ། ད་ལྟ་༴ འདུག་ ས༴ ཐུན་འདི་ཉིད་དུ་སྐྱེ་བར་བྱིན་གྱིས་བརླབ་ཏུ་གསོལ།རྒྱས་པར་སྤྲོ་ན་འདིར་རྗེ་བཙུན་མི་ལའི་གསོལ་འདེབས་དམིགས་བསལ་རྒྱས་བསྡུས་གང་ཤེས་བྱ།སྙིང་བོ་ལྟ་བུ་རྗེ་བརྒྱད་པའི་ གསུང་ནི།བྱང་ཕྱོགས་རྒྱུད་དུ་སྐུ་འཁྲུངས་ཤིང་། །འཇིག་རྟེན་སྐྱོན་གྱིས་མ་གོས་པར། ། དཀའ་བ་སྤྱད་པའི་ངོ་མཚར་ཅན་། །མི་ལ་མཆོག་ལ་གསོལ་བ་འདེབས། །བདེ་ཆེན་བརྗོད་མེད་རོ་ཡིས་མྱོས། །སྲིད་གསུམ་ དག་པའི་ཕྱག་རྒྱས་བཅིངས། ། བསྲེག་བཞུའི་ལམ་ནས་ལྷན་ཅིག་སྐྱེས། །མི་ལ༴། རགས་སྣང་ཕྲ་ཐིག་ཟབ་མོར་བསྟེན། །ཕྲ་མྱོང་བདག་བྱིན་བརླབ་པར་མཛད། །གསང་བའི་དཀྱིལ་འཁོར་རིགས་ཀྱི་བདག །མི་ ལ་མཆོག་ལ། འཛག་མེད་གཙོ་མོར་ས་བོན་བཀྲོལ། །སྲིད་བདག་ལམ་དུ་སྙིང་རྗེས་ལེན། །ནུས་པ་དྲག་པོའི་སྐུར་བཞེངས་པ། །མི་ལ་མཆོག་ལ་གསོལ་བ་འདེབས། ། བདག་ཀྱང་འཁོར་བ་མི་སྤོང་ཞིང་། །མྱང་འདས་ཞི་བར་མི་འཇུག་<noinclude></noinclude> e9dyaebjpzzph9od0q7vg3rvqg782wq 104 450077 1334744 2026-04-16T03:16:37Z Pecha-Alalamo 871864 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1334744 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="Pecha-Alalamo" /></noinclude>མཁའ་སྤྱོད་དབང་ཕྱུག་མི་ལ་ཡི། །མཆོག་གི་དངོས་གྲུབ་འགྲུབ་གྱུར་ཅིག །ཞེས་དང་། རྗེ་མི་ལ་བཞད་པ་རྡོ་རྗེ་ལ་གསོལ་བ་འདེབས་སོ། ། ཞེས་གདུང་ཤུགས་དྲག་པོས་ཕུར་ཚུགས་གསོལ་བ་ཅི་ནུས་གདབ་མཐར།རྗེ་སྐུ་ ཚེ་གཅིག་ལ་སངས་རྒྱས་ནས། །མཚན་ཐོས་ཚད་འཁོར་བ་དོང་སྤྲུགས་པ། །རྣལ་འབྱོར་གྱི་དབང་ཕྱུག་རིན་པོ་ཆེ། །དཔལ་བཞད་པ་རྡོ་རྗེ་སྤྲུལ་པའི་སྐུ། །ཕ་རྗེ་བཙུན་རས་པ་ཆེན་པོ་ལ། །བུ་མོས་གུས་གདུང་བས་གསོལ་བ་ འདེབས། ། ཡིད་ཐེ་ཚོམ་མེད་པའི་བློ་གཏད་ཞུ། །དུས་འདི་ཕྱི་ཀུན་ཏུ་ཐུགས་རྗེས་ཟུངས། །ཚེ་ལོང་མེད་མི་རྟག་སྐྱོ་ཤས་སྐྱེས། །བློ་དམ་པའི་ཆོས་སུ་འགྲོ་བ་དང་། ། ལམ་དམན་དང་ལོག་པར་མི་གོལ་བར། །ཆོས་བྱས་ཚད་ལམ་དུ་ འགྲོ་བ་དང་། །ལས་རྒྱུ་འབྲས་བླང་དོར་མི་འཆོལ་ཞིང་། །རྒྱུད་སྡོམ་པ་དམ་ཚིག་རྣམ་པར་དག །ཚོགས་ཟག་བཅས་ཟག་མེད་ཡོངས་སུ་རྫོགས། །ཕྱི་ཆོས་བརྒྱད་ཉོན་མོངས་འཆིང་ལས་གྲོལ། །ནང་ཞུ་བདེའི་ལམ་གསང་ མཐའ་རུ་ཕྱིན། །དོན་རང་རིག་གཉུག་མ་ཕྱག་རྒྱ་ཆེ། ། གཤིས་སྐུ་གསུམ་རྩལ་སྣང་ཆོས་ཉིད་རྒྱན་། །རྗེ་རས་པ་ཆེན་པོའི་གསང་གསུམ་དང་། །དབྱེར་མི་ཕྱེད་རང་རིག་སྙིང་དབུས་སད། །དུས་སྐད་ཅིག་མངོན་པར་སངས་ རྒྱས་ཏེ། ། མ་མཁའ་ཁྱབ་འགྲོ་བ་འདྲེན་ནུས་པའི་། །མཆོག་ཐུན་མོང་དངོས་གྲུབ་མ་ལུས་པ། ། སྟན་འདི་རུ་ཐོབ་པར་བྱིན་གྱིས་རློབས། །ཨོཾ་ཨཱཿཧཱུྃ་གུ་རུ་རཏྣ་སརྦ་སིདྡྷི་ཧཱུྃ།སྐབས་འདིར་སྤྲོ་ན་ཚོགས་ཀྱི་ཡོ་བྱད་གང་འབྱོར<noinclude></noinclude> boyw80hlhun4gggjcyenk8j2a0rfwb6 104 450078 1334745 2026-04-16T03:20:14Z Pecha-Alalamo 871864 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1334745 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="Pecha-Alalamo" /></noinclude>བསང་སྦྱང་།མ་དག་དྲི་སྦྱངས་ཡེ་ཤེས་བྷནྡྷའི་ནང་། །ཚོགས་རྫས་དམ་ཡེ་དབྱེར་མེད་བདུད་རྩིའི་མཚོ། ། འདོད་ཡོན་རྣམ་པ་དཔག་མེད་འཆར་བ་ཡིས། །བླ་མེད་བླ་མའི་དཀྱིལ་འཁོར་མཉེས་ བྱེད་གྱུར། །ཨོཾ་ཨཱཿཧཱུྃ་ཧ་ཧོཿཧྲཱིཿ ལན་གསུམ། བྱིན་རླབས་འབེབས་པ་ནི།གནས་རང་བཞིན་རྣམ་དག་ཆོས་ཀྱི་དབྱིངས་། །ཡུལ་དངོས་འཛིན་བྲལ་བའི་ཞིང་ཁམས་ནས། ། དོན་ཆོས་སྐུ་སྤྲོས་དང་བྲལ་བའི་གདངས། ། རྗེ་ཡེ་ཤེས་སྒྱུ་འཕྲུལ་རས་པ་ཆེ། །ཕ་བཀའ་བརྒྱུད་བླ་མ་ཡི་དམ་ལྷ། །མ་གནས་གསུམ་ཌཱ་ཀི་ཆོས་སྐྱོང་བཅས། ། གནས་དམ་ཚིག་གཙང་མའི་ཚོགས་ཁང་འདིར། །བུ་མོས་གུས་གདུང་བས་སྤྱན་འདྲེན་ན། །སྐུ་གསལ་སྟོང་འཇའ་ འོད་ལམས་སེ་ལམ། །གསུང་རྡོ་རྗེའི་མགུར་དབྱངས་ཀྱུ་རུ་རུ། ། ཐུགས་བདེ་སྟོང་ཏིང་འཛིན་ཡ་ལ་ལ། །མཆོག་ཐུན་མོང་དངོས་གྲུབ་ཤ་ར་ར། །མཆོག་ཡེ་ཤེས་བྱིན་ཆེན་ཐིབས་སེ་ཐིབ། །ཚོགས་འཁོར་ལོའི་འདུ་བར་གཤེགས་ སུ་གསོལ། ། ཕྱི་གནས་ཁང་འོག་མིན་མཁའ་སྤྱོད་ཞིང་། །ནང་མཆེད་ལྕམ་དཔའ་བོ་རྣལ་འབྱོར་མ། །བཅུད་ཟག་མེད་ཡེ་ཤེས་བདུད་རྩི་ཆེ། །དོན་ལྷན་སྐྱེས་ཆོས་སྐུ་རྗེན་པ་རུ། ། དུས་སྟན་ཐོག་འདི་རུ་བྱིན་གྱིས་རློབས། ། ཚོགས་རྫས་རྣམས་ཆ་གསུམ་དུ་བགོས་པའི་ཕུད་བླ་མའི་མཎྜལ་གྱི་དྲུང་དུ་ཕུལ་ལ།ཧོ། ཚོགས་མཆོད་ཟག་མེད་བདུད་རྩིའི་མཚོ། །ཡེ་ཤེས་རོལ་པའི་མཆོད་སྤྲིན་འདི། ། སྐྱབས་གནས་ཀུན་འདུས་འགྲོ་བའི་མགོན་། །མཁའ་<noinclude></noinclude> j2r5vw4bj3zc5rupl6s015fzq9t3skp 104 450079 1334746 2026-04-16T03:25:14Z Pecha-Alalamo 871864 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1334746 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="Pecha-Alalamo" /></noinclude>འགྲོའི་དབང་ཕྱུག་རས་པ་ཆེ། །རྗེ་བཙུན་བཞད་པ་རྡོ་རྗེ་དང་། །ཡི་དམ་དཔའ་བོ་རྣལ་འབྱོར་མ། ། ཆོས་སྲུང་བཀའ་སྡོད་བཅས་ལ་འབུལ། །བཀའ་བརྒྱུད་གྲུབ་ཐོབ་རྒྱ་མཚོ་བསྐང་། །ཚེ་གཅིག་མངོན་འཚང་རྒྱ་བར་མཛོད། ། རྒྱུད་སྡེ་བཞི་ཡི་ལྷ་ཚོགས་བསྐང་། ། མཆོག་དང་ཐུན་མོང་དངོས་གྲུབ་སྩོལ། །གནས་གསུམ་དཔའ་བོ་མཁའ་འགྲོ་བསྐང་། །ཕྲིན་ལས་རྣམ་བཞི་ཐོགས་མེད་སྒྲུབས། །ཆོས་སྐྱོང་བཀའ་སྡོད་འཁོར་བཅས་བསྐང་། ། བསྟན་ལ་ གནོད་པའི་དགྲ་བགེགས་སྒྲོལ། །དམ་ཚིག་ཆགས་ཉམས་སོར་ཆུད་ནས། ། སྐྱེ་མེད་ཆོས་སྐུ་མངོན་གྱུར་ཤོག །ག་ཎ་ཙཀྲ་པཱུ་ཛ་ཁཱ་ཧི།བར་པ་དམ་ཚིག་གི་རྫས་སུ་རོལ་ལ།ཧོ། རང་ལུས་གདན་གསུམ་ཚང་བའི་ ལྷར། །ནང་གི་སྲེག་བླུགས་ཕུལ་བ་ཡིས། ། མྱུར་དུ་རྡོ་རྗེའི་ལམ་བགྲོད་ནས། །ཕྱག་རྒྱ་ཆེན་པོ་འགྲུབ་གྱུར་ཅིག །ལྷག་མ་རྣམས་ཨོཾ་ཨཱཿཧཱུྃ་གིས་བྱིན་བརླབས་ནས།ཚོགས་ལྷག་ཡེ་ཤེས་བདུད་རྩིའི་རྒྱ་མཚོ་འདི། ། གནས་ཡུལ་དུར་ཁྲོད་འཇིག་རྟེན་ཁམས་ཉུལ་བའི། ། བསྟན་སྲུང་རྣལ་འབྱོར་སྐྱོང་བའི་ཚོགས་ལ་འབུལ། །ཐ་ཚིག་མ་བསྙེལ་རྣལ་འབྱོར་གྲོགས་མཛོད་ཅིག ། ཅེས་བསྔོའོ། །རྗེས་ཀྱི་བྱ་བ་ནི།རྗེ་བཙུན་རས་པ་རྩ་གསུམ་ ལྷ་ཚོགས་ཀྱིས་། །བདག་རྒྱུད་སྨིན་ཅིང་གྲོལ་བར་བྱིན་གྱིས་རློབས། ། གསོལ་བ་བཏབ་པས་འཁོར་རྣམས་འོད་དུ་ཞུ། །གཙོ་བོའི་སྐུར་ཐིམ་དེ་ཡི་གནས་གསུམ་ནས། །བྱིན་རླབས་འོད་ཟེར་དཀར་དམར་མཐིང་གསུམ་འཕྲོས། །<noinclude></noinclude> n8lxnzdtttus6qhv1lzj2e5s390mglf 104 450080 1334747 2026-04-16T03:29:11Z Pecha-Alalamo 871864 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1334747 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="Pecha-Alalamo" /></noinclude>༄༅། །བདག་གི་གནས་གསུམ་ལ་ཐིམ་སྒོ་གསུམ་གྱི་། ། སྒྲིབ་དག་བུམ་གསང་ཤེར་ཡེའི་དབང་མཆོག་ཐོབ། །སྐུ་གསུམ་མངོན་དུ་བྱེད་པའི་སྐལ་ཅན་བྱས། །མོས་གུས་ཤུགས་ཀྱིས་རྗེ་བཙུན་འོད་དུ་ཞུ། །སྤྱི་བོ་ ནས་ཞུགས་རང་དང་དབྱེར་མེད་འདྲེས། ། ལྷན་སྐྱེས་སྒྲིབ་དག་དོན་གྱི་དབང་བཞི་ཐོབ། །ངོ་བོ་ཉིད་སྐུའི་ས་བོན་རྒྱུད་ལ་བཞག །གསང་གསུམ་སྒོ་གསུམ་དབྱེར་མེད་རོ་གཅིག་གྱུར། །དོན་དམ་ཆོས་སྐུ་བློ་བྲལ་བདེ་བ་ཆེ། ། ཡིད་ལ་མི་ བྱེད་གཉུག་མ་ལྷན་ཅིག་སྐྱེས། །སྣང་སྲིད་ཕྱག་རྒྱ་ཆེན་པོ་ཨེ་མ་ཧོ། །ཞེས་མ་བཅོས་ཐ་མལ་གཉུག་མའི་ཤེས་པ་ཅི་གནས་སུ་བསྐྱང་ཞིང་། རྗེས་ཐོབ་ཏུ་སྣང་སྲིད་བླ་མ་ཆོས་སྐུའི་རོལ་པར་ལམ་དུ་ཁྱེར། ཆོས་བརྒྱད་ལ་ཐོག་བརྫིས་བཏང་། འདིར་སྣང་གི་འཁྲི་ བ་བཅད། དག་སྣང་དང་མོས་གུས་རྒྱུན་ཆད་མེད་པས་བསྒོམ་མེད་ཡེངས་མེད་ཀྱི་དྲན་ཤེས་ཆུ་བོའི་རྒྱུན་བཞིན་དུ་བརྟན་ནས། གནས་ལུགས་ཕྱག་རྒྱ་ཆེན་པོའི་གཏན་སྲིད་ཚེ་གཅིག་ལ་ཟིན་པར་བྱའོ། །བསྔོ་སྨོན་ནི།དགེ་བ་འདི་དང་དུས་གསུམ་བསགས་པ་ཡི། ། དགེ་ཀུན་སྲས་བཅས་རྒྱལ་བས་བསྔོས་པ་ལྟར། ། མི་གནས་བྱང་ཆུབ་ཆེན་པོར་བསྔོ་བར་བགྱི། །ཟུང་འཇུག་གོ་འཕང་ཚེ་འདིར་འཐོབ་པར་ཤོག །སྒྲུབ་ལ་བརྩོན་པ་མཐར་ཕྱིན་ཞིང་། །འཁྲུལ་པའི་ས་བོན་རྒྱུན་ཆད་ནས། ། རྗེ་ བཙུན་རས་པ་ཆེན་པོ་དང་། །རྣམ་ཐར་ཕྲིན་ལས་མཉམ་གྱུར་ཅིག །ཤིས་པ་བརྗོད་པ་ནི།བཀའ་བརྒྱུད་བླ་མའི་བྱིན་རླབས་སྤྲིན་ཆེན་འཁྲིགས། །ཡི་དམ་ལྷ་ཚོགས་དངོས་གྲུབ་ཆར་རྒྱུན་འབེབས། །མཁའ་འགྲོ་ཆོས་སྐྱོང་<noinclude></noinclude> tt9pahbgxqw19fsja4pfw21i24padm9 104 450081 1334748 2026-04-16T03:31:55Z Cwrwgl 937938 /* Proofread */ 1334748 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Cwrwgl" />{{rh||Abraham Lincoln Toni Kin.|9}}</noinclude>tipi, qa anpetu wakan odota akan yakonpi ecee. Wata kin dena iwatope nina hanskaska, hecen wicaśta nom qa tuktekten tom hehanhanyan akiptan watopapi ecee. Lincoln waniyetu akenapcinwanka hehan, wata kin de wanji aye kiyapi. De toka oicimani sdonye, qa makoce tankaya wanyanke. Wanna waniyetu wikcemna nonpa sanpa wanji, qa wicaśta icaġe cin, hehan siha iyutapi śakpe sanpa napahunka iyutapi topa. Atkuku wicaśta onśike kin heca, heon ake piya makoce teca ektawapa iyotanke, qa Illinois makoce hetu. De en atkuku cande okiye, qa tipi wan kaġapi, qa wamnaheza ojupi okśan conkaśke kaġe, qa he en tokaheya maḣconkuške kasdece. Hehan wokoyake ihdamna kta on okśan tipi kin ecen ḣtani wawokiya omani. He ehan wiyoḣpeyata wicaśta ounyanpi kin tawokoyakepi owasin iye napepi on kazontapi ecee. Lincoln conkaśke opawinġe tom<noinclude></noinclude> 63m8qmqljz7ol99bo0f5mffhardfgyg 104 450082 1334749 2026-04-16T03:32:28Z Pecha-Alalamo 871864 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1334749 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="Pecha-Alalamo" /></noinclude>ཕྲིན་ལས་འབྲས་བུ་སྨིན། །དོན་གཉིས་ལྷུན་གྱིས་འགྲུབ་པའི་བཀྲ་ཤིས་ཤོག །དཀྱིལ་འཁོར་ཀུན་གཙོ་བླ་མ་སྒྲུབ་པ་ནི། རྒྱལ་བས་རྒྱུད་སྡེ་ཀུན་ནས་ཡང་ཡང་བསྔགས། བླ་མ་གྲུབ་པའི་དབང་ཕྱུག་མི་ལ་རྗེ། མཚན་ཙམ་ཐོས་ཀྱང་སྐྱེ་བ་བདུན་ བརྒྱུད་དུ་། ངན་སོང་སྐྱེ་སྒོ་གཅོད་པར་ཞལ་གྱིས་བཞེས། ད་ལྟ་ཟུང་འཇུག་ཆེན་པའི་རྒྱལ་སར་བཞུགས། འཁོར་འདས་བརྟན་གཡོ་མ་ལུས་བྱིན་གྱིས་བརླབས། གསོལ་བ་བཏབ་ན་ཐུགས་རྗེས་ངེས་པར་གཟིགས། བྱིན་རླབས་ཟིལ་ཆེན་དད་ལྡན་ཡོངས་ལ་འབེབས། དེ་ཕྱིར་སྒྲུབ་བརྩོན་རྣལ་འབྱོར་དབང་ཕྱུག་མཆོག །སྣང་རྩེའི་རི་ཁྲོད་ཞབས་ཀྱིས་རིང་མོ་ནས། བསྐུལ་ངོར་རྗེ་བཙུན་རས་པའི་བཀའ་བརྒྱུད་པ། ཀརྨ་ངག་དབང་ཡོན་ཏན་རྒྱ་མཚོ་ཡིས། དཔལ་སྤུངས་ཡང་ཁྲོད་དེ་ཝཱི་ཀོ་ཊིའི་ཚལ། ཙཱ་འདྲ་རིན་ཆེན་བྲག་གི་སྒྲུབ་གནས་ སུ། སྦྱར་འདིར་འབྲེལ་ཚད་འགྲོ་བ་མ་ལུས་པ། རྗེ་བཙུན་རས་པ་ཆེན་པོས་རྗེས་འཛིན་ཤོག། །།དགེ་ལེགས་འཕེལ།།<noinclude></noinclude> cok7hdwggn5bf5af2h9ategmo2jxfl9 104 450083 1334753 2026-04-16T05:34:57Z Neetu Dangol 873892 /* Proofread */ 1334753 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Neetu Dangol" /></noinclude>को नाम नागपोत प्रतिवसति ॥ सं कालेन कालङ सम्पग्वरिधारामनुप्रयच्छति ॥ हतीव शस्यस म्पर्भ्तार्शस्यवती वसुमती सुभिक्षाश्वपाना देशादानमान सत्कारवाश्च लोक ॥ श्रमण ब्राम्हण कृपणवणीयर्कोपभोज्यु ॥ दक्षिणया चालम्तु राजा अधर्म्मभुयिष्ठश्वण्डाल भसं कर्कश ॥ अध र्म्मण राज्यं कारयति नित्य दण्डन घाटन घारण वन्धन हडिनिगडोपरोधै राष्ट्र निवासि नां त्रासयति ॥ अधर्म्म भुयिष्ठतया चांस्य देवोनं कालेन काल संम्यग्वारिधारामुत्सृज ति ॥ ततोसौ महाजन कायः सत्रस्तः स्वजीवितापेक्षया राष्ट्रपरित्यागं कृत्वा उत्तरपाचञ लस्यैब राज्ञो विषये गत्वा प्रतिवसति ॥ यावदपरेण समयेन दक्षिणपाच्ञालो राजा मृग<noinclude></noinclude> svryda2hlb2tobp1ujc4kd41amvo74i 0 450084 1334755 2026-04-16T07:53:05Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1334755 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး|ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶဝ်ႈမႃး မိူင်းသႅၼ်ႈဝီ|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶဝ်ႈမႃး မိူင်းသႅၼ်ႈဝီ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ၵဵဝ်ႇၵပ်းလူၺ်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပိူင်တႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႇၼႄဝႆႉဝႃႈ “မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ လႅပ်ႈတေၽႄႈတိူၼ်း ၽႅဝ်ၸွတ်ႇၵႂႃႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ထမ်ႇမ ၽၢႆႇပႃႇလိၶိုၼ် ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ပပ်ႉၽႄၼိတ်ႉသယမၼ်း ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၼိူဝ်ၽိုၼ်ပေႇ ၽိုၼ်ထၢၼ်၊ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၼိူဝ်ၸေႈတႆး/ၸေႈသႃတႄႇၵႂႃႇ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 18 ဢေႇၻီႇ ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း မိူင်းၼွင်၊ မိူင်းတႆးပွတ်းၸၢၼ်း၊ မိူင်းပဵင်း၊ ဢၼ်ၸမ်ဝဵင်းတူၼ်ႈတီးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ၵွၼ်ႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမ ဢၼ်ၽႄႈယူႇ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇယိူင်းၸူးဝႃႈ မၼ်းၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဢဝ် ၸွမ်းဝတ်ႉၸွမ်းဝႃး လၢႆလၢႆၵူၺ်း။ ပပ်ႉၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ် လႆႈႁၼ်မီးယူႇ ၼႂ်းႁူင်းၶွင်မွၼ် museum တီႈတူၼ်ႈတီး“ ၼၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းၶႂ်ႈဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမယူၼ်း/တႆးၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈလႄႈဝႃႈ မၼ်းၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဢဝ် ၼႂ်းၵဵင်းတုင်လႆၢလၢႆၵူၺ်း တၢင်ႇတီႈသီႇလႅၼ် မိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းပႃးယူႇၼႆ ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈပိုၼ်း ဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၵေႃႈ ဢမ်ႇလႅပ်ႈႁွတ်ႈထိုင် ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ မၼ်းၸင်ႇဢမ်ႇလၢတ်ႈၼႄလႆႈ ၸွတ်ႇၸွတ်ႇၸေးၸေး ၼင်ႇပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] 9ucu3bipd067bj0g770mjzkerg4d46k 1334756 1334755 2026-04-16T07:55:11Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1334756 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး|ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶဝ်ႈမႃး မိူင်းသႅၼ်ႈဝီ|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶဝ်ႈမႃး မိူင်းသႅၼ်ႈဝီ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ၵဵဝ်ႇၵပ်းလူၺ်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပိူင်တႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႇၼႄဝႆႉဝႃႈ “မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ လႅပ်ႈတေၽႄႈတိူၼ်း ၽႅဝ်ၸွတ်ႇၵႂႃႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ထမ်ႇမ ၽၢႆႇပႃႇလိၶိုၼ် ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ပပ်ႉၽႄၼိတ်ႉသယမၼ်း ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၼိူဝ်ၽိုၼ်ပေႇ ၽိုၼ်ထၢၼ်၊ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၼိူဝ်ၸေႈတႆး/ၸေႈသႃတႄႇၵႂႃႇ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 18 ဢေႇၻီႇ ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း မိူင်းၼွင်၊ မိူင်းတႆးပွတ်းၸၢၼ်း၊ မိူင်းပဵင်း၊ ဢၼ်ၸမ်ဝဵင်းတူၼ်ႈတီးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ၵွၼ်ႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမ ဢၼ်ၽႄႈယူႇ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇယိူင်းၸူးဝႃႈ မၼ်းၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဢဝ် ၸွမ်းဝတ်ႉၸွမ်းဝႃး လၢႆလၢႆၵူၺ်း။ ပပ်ႉၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ် လႆႈႁၼ်မီးယူႇ ၼႂ်းႁူင်းၶွင်မွၼ် museum တီႈတူၼ်ႈတီး“ ၼၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းၶႂ်ႈဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမယူၼ်း/တႆးၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈလႄႈဝႃႈ မၼ်းၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဢဝ် ၼႂ်းၵဵင်းတုင်လႆၢလၢႆၵူၺ်း တၢင်ႇတီႈသီႇလႅၼ် မိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းပႃးယူႇၼႆ ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈပိုၼ်း ဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၵေႃႈ ဢမ်ႇလႅပ်ႈႁွတ်ႈထိုင် ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ မၼ်းၸင်ႇဢမ်ႇလၢတ်ႈၼႄလႆႈ ၸွတ်ႇၸွတ်ႇၸေးၸေး ၼင်ႇပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ။ ဝႃႈတႄႉတႄႉမၼ်း လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမယူၼ်း/ၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်ၼႂ်းလေႃးၵ၊ ၼႂ်းထမ်ႇမ ၸွမ်းဝတ်ႉၸွမ်းဝႃး မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်း ၵႂၢင်ႈၶႂၢင်တႄႉတႄႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၸဵမ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၵူၼ်းႁိူၼ်း ၶဝ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဝႃႈ လိၵ်းလႆၢးထမ်ႇမယူၼ်းၼႆၵူၺ်း။ ယွၼ်ႉႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးလႄႈ ၾိင်ႈပိူင်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ၾိင်ႈ ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းတႆးယူၼ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လွၵ်းလႆၢးယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ႁဵတ်းသၢင်ႈတူင်ႉၼိုင်ယူႇၸွမ်း ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၶႂ်ႈဝႃႈ မၼ်းမိူၼ်ၵၼ် တင်းဢၼ်ႁဵတ်းသၢင်ႈယူႇ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၶူင်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵူၺ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ပေႃးဝႃႈသႃႇသၼႃႇဢၼ်ၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းယဝ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းႁဵတ်းႁႂ်ႈပိူင်ႈလၢၵ်ႇၵၼ်တင်းဢၼ်မီးယူႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၼႆႉ တႄႉတႄႉ၊ ပႃးၸဵမ်မၢၼ်ႈ။ သင်ႇၶၸဝ်ႈ ၸုမ်းယူၼ်းၶဝ် မၢင်ပွၵ်ႈမၢင်လႂ် လႆႈၶၢမ်ႇတင်း ပိူၼ်ႈတၢင်ႇၸုမ်း ဢၼ်ဢမ်ႇႁူႉၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ သႄႉၼႄး လၢႆၸိူဝ်ႉလႆၢပိူင်ယူႇ။ ပိူင်လူင်မၼ်းတႄႉ ယွၼ်ႉၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇ ႁၢၼ်ႉၸႂ် ၼိူဝ်လွင်ႈဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ႁူမ်ႇငမ်းၼိူဝ် တူင်ႇဝူင်းၵူၼ်းလႄႈ တၢင်ႇတီႈတၢင်ႇလႅၼ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။<ref>U. (sao) Kelananda, ''A study of Buddhism in Tai or Shan State of Myanmar'', p. 168. </ref> {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] 6y2q86ozml8qe7ofms0c8y3n3xp60rh 1334757 1334756 2026-04-16T08:02:13Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1334757 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး|ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶဝ်ႈမႃး မိူင်းသႅၼ်ႈဝီ|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶဝ်ႈမႃး မိူင်းသႅၼ်ႈဝီ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ၵဵဝ်ႇၵပ်းလူၺ်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပိူင်တႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႇၼႄဝႆႉဝႃႈ “မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ လႅပ်ႈတေၽႄႈတိူၼ်း ၽႅဝ်ၸွတ်ႇၵႂႃႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ထမ်ႇမ ၽၢႆႇပႃႇလိၶိုၼ် ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ပပ်ႉၽႄၼိတ်ႉသယမၼ်း ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၼိူဝ်ၽိုၼ်ပေႇ ၽိုၼ်ထၢၼ်၊ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၼိူဝ်ၸေႈတႆး/ၸေႈသႃတႄႇၵႂႃႇ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 18 ဢေႇၻီႇ ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း မိူင်းၼွင်၊ မိူင်းတႆးပွတ်းၸၢၼ်း၊ မိူင်းပဵင်း၊ ဢၼ်ၸမ်ဝဵင်းတူၼ်ႈတီးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ၵွၼ်ႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမ ဢၼ်ၽႄႈယူႇ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇယိူင်းၸူးဝႃႈ မၼ်းၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဢဝ် ၸွမ်းဝတ်ႉၸွမ်းဝႃး လၢႆလၢႆၵူၺ်း။ ပပ်ႉၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ် လႆႈႁၼ်မီးယူႇ ၼႂ်းႁူင်းၶွင်မွၼ် museum တီႈတူၼ်ႈတီး“ ၼၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းၶႂ်ႈဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမယူၼ်း/တႆးၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈလႄႈဝႃႈ မၼ်းၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဢဝ် ၼႂ်းၵဵင်းတုင်လႆၢလၢႆၵူၺ်း တၢင်ႇတီႈသီႇလႅၼ် မိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းပႃးယူႇၼႆ ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈပိုၼ်း ဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၵေႃႈ ဢမ်ႇလႅပ်ႈႁွတ်ႈထိုင် ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ မၼ်းၸင်ႇဢမ်ႇလၢတ်ႈၼႄလႆႈ ၸွတ်ႇၸွတ်ႇၸေးၸေး ၼင်ႇပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ။ ဝႃႈတႄႉတႄႉမၼ်း လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမယူၼ်း/ၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်ၼႂ်းလေႃးၵ၊ ၼႂ်းထမ်ႇမ ၸွမ်းဝတ်ႉၸွမ်းဝႃး မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်း ၵႂၢင်ႈၶႂၢင်တႄႉတႄႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၸဵမ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၵူၼ်းႁိူၼ်း ၶဝ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဝႃႈ လိၵ်းလႆၢးထမ်ႇမယူၼ်းၼႆၵူၺ်း။ ယွၼ်ႉႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးလႄႈ ၾိင်ႈပိူင်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ၾိင်ႈ ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းတႆးယူၼ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လွၵ်းလႆၢးယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ႁဵတ်းသၢင်ႈတူင်ႉၼိုင်ယူႇၸွမ်း ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၶႂ်ႈဝႃႈ မၼ်းမိူၼ်ၵၼ် တင်းဢၼ်ႁဵတ်းသၢင်ႈယူႇ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၶူင်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵူၺ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ပေႃးဝႃႈသႃႇသၼႃႇဢၼ်ၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းယဝ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းႁဵတ်းႁႂ်ႈပိူင်ႈလၢၵ်ႇၵၼ်တင်းဢၼ်မီးယူႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၼႆႉ တႄႉတႄႉ၊ ပႃးၸဵမ်မၢၼ်ႈ။ သင်ႇၶၸဝ်ႈ ၸုမ်းယူၼ်းၶဝ် မၢင်ပွၵ်ႈမၢင်လႂ် လႆႈၶၢမ်ႇတင်း ပိူၼ်ႈတၢင်ႇၸုမ်း ဢၼ်ဢမ်ႇႁူႉၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ သႄႉၼႄး လၢႆၸိူဝ်ႉလႆၢပိူင်ယူႇ။ ပိူင်လူင်မၼ်းတႄႉ ယွၼ်ႉၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇ ႁၢၼ်ႉၸႂ် ၼိူဝ်လွင်ႈဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ႁူမ်ႇငမ်းၼိူဝ် တူင်ႇဝူင်းၵူၼ်းလႄႈ တၢင်ႇတီႈတၢင်ႇလႅၼ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။<ref>U. (sao) Kelananda, ''A study of Buddhism in Tai or Shan State of Myanmar'', p. 168. </ref> လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပၢႆးပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတႂ်ႈၶူင်း မိူင်းမၢဝ်း လႄႈ မိူင်းသဵၼ်ႈဝီၼႆႉ ဢၼ်လႆႈႁၼ် မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ လႆႈႁၼ်ဝႃႈ "ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူၼ်း လႄႈ ၵူၼ်းၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ တႆးယူၼ်းၶဝ်ၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ႈမႃး မိူင်းမၢဝ်းတႂ်ႈၶူင်း လႄႈ မိူင်းသဵၼ်ႈဝီ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 6 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉ" ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>စိုင်းစံအိုက် (ဒါကုန်)၊ ''ယွန်းရှမ်းတိုင်းပြည် ယွန်းရှမ်းလူမျိုး၊ အဘိဓဇမဟာ ရဋ္ဌဂုရုဘွဲ.ရ ဓမ္မောဒယဆရာတော်ဘုရားကြီး ပူဇော်ပွဲ မဂ္ဂဇင်း''၊ နှာ ၃။</ref> ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၸိူင်ႉၼၼ် မိူင်းမၢဝ်းတႂ်ႈၶူင်းလႄႈ မိူင်းသဵၼ်ႈဝီ ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ တေလႆႈဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၽႅဝ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 6 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] n0omix5gihlazcuzu342fvv9wdrqr8b 1334758 1334757 2026-04-16T08:04:49Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1334758 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး|ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶဝ်ႈမႃး မိူင်းသႅၼ်ႈဝီ|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶဝ်ႈမႃး မိူင်းသႅၼ်ႈဝီ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ၵဵဝ်ႇၵပ်းလူၺ်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပိူင်တႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႇၼႄဝႆႉဝႃႈ “မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ လႅပ်ႈတေၽႄႈတိူၼ်း ၽႅဝ်ၸွတ်ႇၵႂႃႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ထမ်ႇမ ၽၢႆႇပႃႇလိၶိုၼ် ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ပပ်ႉၽႄၼိတ်ႉသယမၼ်း ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၼိူဝ်ၽိုၼ်ပေႇ ၽိုၼ်ထၢၼ်၊ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၼိူဝ်ၸေႈတႆး/ၸေႈသႃတႄႇၵႂႃႇ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 18 ဢေႇၻီႇ ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း မိူင်းၼွင်၊ မိူင်းတႆးပွတ်းၸၢၼ်း၊ မိူင်းပဵင်း၊ ဢၼ်ၸမ်ဝဵင်းတူၼ်ႈတီးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ၵွၼ်ႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမ ဢၼ်ၽႄႈယူႇ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇယိူင်းၸူးဝႃႈ မၼ်းၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဢဝ် ၸွမ်းဝတ်ႉၸွမ်းဝႃး လၢႆလၢႆၵူၺ်း။ ပပ်ႉၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ် လႆႈႁၼ်မီးယူႇ ၼႂ်းႁူင်းၶွင်မွၼ် museum တီႈတူၼ်ႈတီး“ ၼၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းၶႂ်ႈဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမယူၼ်း/တႆးၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈလႄႈဝႃႈ မၼ်းၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဢဝ် ၼႂ်းၵဵင်းတုင်လႆၢလၢႆၵူၺ်း တၢင်ႇတီႈသီႇလႅၼ် မိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းပႃးယူႇၼႆ ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈပိုၼ်း ဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၵေႃႈ ဢမ်ႇလႅပ်ႈႁွတ်ႈထိုင် ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ မၼ်းၸင်ႇဢမ်ႇလၢတ်ႈၼႄလႆႈ ၸွတ်ႇၸွတ်ႇၸေးၸေး ၼင်ႇပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ။ ဝႃႈတႄႉတႄႉမၼ်း လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမယူၼ်း/ၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်ၼႂ်းလေႃးၵ၊ ၼႂ်းထမ်ႇမ ၸွမ်းဝတ်ႉၸွမ်းဝႃး မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်း ၵႂၢင်ႈၶႂၢင်တႄႉတႄႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၸဵမ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၵူၼ်းႁိူၼ်း ၶဝ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဝႃႈ လိၵ်းလႆၢးထမ်ႇမယူၼ်းၼႆၵူၺ်း။ ယွၼ်ႉႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးလႄႈ ၾိင်ႈပိူင်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ၾိင်ႈ ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းတႆးယူၼ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လွၵ်းလႆၢးယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ႁဵတ်းသၢင်ႈတူင်ႉၼိုင်ယူႇၸွမ်း ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၶႂ်ႈဝႃႈ မၼ်းမိူၼ်ၵၼ် တင်းဢၼ်ႁဵတ်းသၢင်ႈယူႇ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၶူင်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵူၺ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ပေႃးဝႃႈသႃႇသၼႃႇဢၼ်ၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းယဝ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းႁဵတ်းႁႂ်ႈပိူင်ႈလၢၵ်ႇၵၼ်တင်းဢၼ်မီးယူႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၼႆႉ တႄႉတႄႉ၊ ပႃးၸဵမ်မၢၼ်ႈ။ သင်ႇၶၸဝ်ႈ ၸုမ်းယူၼ်းၶဝ် မၢင်ပွၵ်ႈမၢင်လႂ် လႆႈၶၢမ်ႇတင်း ပိူၼ်ႈတၢင်ႇၸုမ်း ဢၼ်ဢမ်ႇႁူႉၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ သႄႉၼႄး လၢႆၸိူဝ်ႉလႆၢပိူင်ယူႇ။ ပိူင်လူင်မၼ်းတႄႉ ယွၼ်ႉၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇ ႁၢၼ်ႉၸႂ် ၼိူဝ်လွင်ႈဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ႁူမ်ႇငမ်းၼိူဝ် တူင်ႇဝူင်းၵူၼ်းလႄႈ တၢင်ႇတီႈတၢင်ႇလႅၼ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။<ref>U. (sao) Kelananda, ''A study of Buddhism in Tai or Shan State of Myanmar'', p. 168. </ref> လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပၢႆးပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတႂ်ႈၶူင်း မိူင်းမၢဝ်း လႄႈ မိူင်းသဵၼ်ႈဝီၼႆႉ ဢၼ်လႆႈႁၼ် မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ လႆႈႁၼ်ဝႃႈ "ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူၼ်း လႄႈ ၵူၼ်းၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ တႆးယူၼ်းၶဝ်ၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ႈမႃး မိူင်းမၢဝ်းတႂ်ႈၶူင်း လႄႈ မိူင်းသဵၼ်ႈဝီ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 6 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉ" ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>စိုင်းစံအိုက် (ဒါကုန်)၊ ''ယွန်းရှမ်းတိုင်းပြည် ယွန်းရှမ်းလူမျိုး၊ အဘိဓဇမဟာ ရဋ္ဌဂုရုဘွဲ.ရ ဓမ္မောဒယဆရာတော်ဘုရားကြီး ပူဇော်ပွဲ မဂ္ဂဇင်း''၊ နှာ ၃။</ref> ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၸိူင်ႉၼၼ် မိူင်းမၢဝ်းတႂ်ႈၶူင်းလႄႈ မိူင်းသဵၼ်ႈဝီ ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ တေလႆႈဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၽႅဝ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 6 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဢၼ်တေလၢတ်ႈၼႄ လၵ်းထၢၼ်ပႃႈတႂ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈလႄႈ ၵူၼ်းႁိူၼ်း ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်မီးၸိုဝ်ႈမီးသဵင် ဢၼ်ႁဵတ်းပၼ် ၽွၼ်းလီၵူၼ်းမိူင်းတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇသဝ်း ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းသေ ၼပ်ႉယမ်လႆၢးသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၸုမ်းယူၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၵၢင်းသိူဝ် (ၸဝ်ႈၶူးမေႃလိၵ်ႈတႆး) လုၵ်ႈလုင်းပူႇလွႆ ပႃႈၼၢႆးၸၢင်း၊ ၵိူတ်ႇႁၼ်ၼႃႈမႃး မိူဝ်ႈပီၵေႃးၸႃႇ 1149 (ၶရိတ်ႉ-1789) လိူၼ် 12မႂ်ႇ၊ 1 ၶမ်ႈ၊ ဝၼ်းသုၵ်း၊ တီႈဝၢၼ်ႈၼႃးၵႅင်း၊ ဢိူင်ႇဝဵင်းလဝ်း၊ ၸေႈဝဵင်းမိူင်းၼႆၢး။ သြႃႇမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇယူၼ်းၼႆယူႇ။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] sa0qv1qinl20ek9rgnf279s7glxs09a 1334759 1334758 2026-04-16T08:12:29Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1334759 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး|ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶဝ်ႈမႃး မိူင်းသႅၼ်ႈဝီ|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶဝ်ႈမႃး မိူင်းသႅၼ်ႈဝီ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ၵဵဝ်ႇၵပ်းလူၺ်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပိူင်တႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႇၼႄဝႆႉဝႃႈ “မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ လႅပ်ႈတေၽႄႈတိူၼ်း ၽႅဝ်ၸွတ်ႇၵႂႃႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ထမ်ႇမ ၽၢႆႇပႃႇလိၶိုၼ် ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ပပ်ႉၽႄၼိတ်ႉသယမၼ်း ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၼိူဝ်ၽိုၼ်ပေႇ ၽိုၼ်ထၢၼ်၊ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၼိူဝ်ၸေႈတႆး/ၸေႈသႃတႄႇၵႂႃႇ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 18 ဢေႇၻီႇ ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း မိူင်းၼွင်၊ မိူင်းတႆးပွတ်းၸၢၼ်း၊ မိူင်းပဵင်း၊ ဢၼ်ၸမ်ဝဵင်းတူၼ်ႈတီးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ၵွၼ်ႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမ ဢၼ်ၽႄႈယူႇ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇယိူင်းၸူးဝႃႈ မၼ်းၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဢဝ် ၸွမ်းဝတ်ႉၸွမ်းဝႃး လၢႆလၢႆၵူၺ်း။ ပပ်ႉၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ် လႆႈႁၼ်မီးယူႇ ၼႂ်းႁူင်းၶွင်မွၼ် museum တီႈတူၼ်ႈတီး“ ၼၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းၶႂ်ႈဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမယူၼ်း/တႆးၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈလႄႈဝႃႈ မၼ်းၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဢဝ် ၼႂ်းၵဵင်းတုင်လႆၢလၢႆၵူၺ်း တၢင်ႇတီႈသီႇလႅၼ် မိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းပႃးယူႇၼႆ ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈပိုၼ်း ဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၵေႃႈ ဢမ်ႇလႅပ်ႈႁွတ်ႈထိုင် ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ မၼ်းၸင်ႇဢမ်ႇလၢတ်ႈၼႄလႆႈ ၸွတ်ႇၸွတ်ႇၸေးၸေး ၼင်ႇပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ။ ဝႃႈတႄႉတႄႉမၼ်း လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမယူၼ်း/ၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်ၼႂ်းလေႃးၵ၊ ၼႂ်းထမ်ႇမ ၸွမ်းဝတ်ႉၸွမ်းဝႃး မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်း ၵႂၢင်ႈၶႂၢင်တႄႉတႄႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၸဵမ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၵူၼ်းႁိူၼ်း ၶဝ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဝႃႈ လိၵ်းလႆၢးထမ်ႇမယူၼ်းၼႆၵူၺ်း။ ယွၼ်ႉႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးလႄႈ ၾိင်ႈပိူင်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ၾိင်ႈ ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းတႆးယူၼ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လွၵ်းလႆၢးယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ႁဵတ်းသၢင်ႈတူင်ႉၼိုင်ယူႇၸွမ်း ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၶႂ်ႈဝႃႈ မၼ်းမိူၼ်ၵၼ် တင်းဢၼ်ႁဵတ်းသၢင်ႈယူႇ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၶူင်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵူၺ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ပေႃးဝႃႈသႃႇသၼႃႇဢၼ်ၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းယဝ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းႁဵတ်းႁႂ်ႈပိူင်ႈလၢၵ်ႇၵၼ်တင်းဢၼ်မီးယူႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၼႆႉ တႄႉတႄႉ၊ ပႃးၸဵမ်မၢၼ်ႈ။ သင်ႇၶၸဝ်ႈ ၸုမ်းယူၼ်းၶဝ် မၢင်ပွၵ်ႈမၢင်လႂ် လႆႈၶၢမ်ႇတင်း ပိူၼ်ႈတၢင်ႇၸုမ်း ဢၼ်ဢမ်ႇႁူႉၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ သႄႉၼႄး လၢႆၸိူဝ်ႉလႆၢပိူင်ယူႇ။ ပိူင်လူင်မၼ်းတႄႉ ယွၼ်ႉၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇ ႁၢၼ်ႉၸႂ် ၼိူဝ်လွင်ႈဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ႁူမ်ႇငမ်းၼိူဝ် တူင်ႇဝူင်းၵူၼ်းလႄႈ တၢင်ႇတီႈတၢင်ႇလႅၼ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။<ref>U. (sao) Kelananda, ''A study of Buddhism in Tai or Shan State of Myanmar'', p. 168. </ref> လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပၢႆးပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတႂ်ႈၶူင်း မိူင်းမၢဝ်း လႄႈ မိူင်းသဵၼ်ႈဝီၼႆႉ ဢၼ်လႆႈႁၼ် မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ လႆႈႁၼ်ဝႃႈ "ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူၼ်း လႄႈ ၵူၼ်းၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ တႆးယူၼ်းၶဝ်ၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ႈမႃး မိူင်းမၢဝ်းတႂ်ႈၶူင်း လႄႈ မိူင်းသဵၼ်ႈဝီ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 6 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉ" ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>စိုင်းစံအိုက် (ဒါကုန်)၊ ''ယွန်းရှမ်းတိုင်းပြည် ယွန်းရှမ်းလူမျိုး၊ အဘိဓဇမဟာ ရဋ္ဌဂုရုဘွဲ.ရ ဓမ္မောဒယဆရာတော်ဘုရားကြီး ပူဇော်ပွဲ မဂ္ဂဇင်း''၊ နှာ ၃။</ref> ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၸိူင်ႉၼၼ် မိူင်းမၢဝ်းတႂ်ႈၶူင်းလႄႈ မိူင်းသဵၼ်ႈဝီ ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ တေလႆႈဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၽႅဝ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 6 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဢၼ်တေလၢတ်ႈၼႄ လၵ်းထၢၼ်ပႃႈတႂ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈလႄႈ ၵူၼ်းႁိူၼ်း ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်မီးၸိုဝ်ႈမီးသဵင် ဢၼ်ႁဵတ်းပၼ် ၽွၼ်းလီၵူၼ်းမိူင်းတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇသဝ်း ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းသေ ၼပ်ႉယမ်လႆၢးသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၸုမ်းယူၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၵၢင်းသိူဝ် (ၸဝ်ႈၶူးမေႃလိၵ်ႈတႆး) လုၵ်ႈလုင်းပူႇလွႆ ပႃႈၼၢႆးၸၢင်း၊ ၵိူတ်ႇႁၼ်ၼႃႈမႃး မိူဝ်ႈပီၵေႃးၸႃႇ 1149 (ၶရိတ်ႉ-1789) လိူၼ် 12မႂ်ႇ၊ 1 ၶမ်ႈ၊ ဝၼ်းသုၵ်း၊ တီႈဝၢၼ်ႈၼႃးၵႅင်း၊ ဢိူင်ႇဝဵင်းလဝ်း၊ ၸေႈဝဵင်းမိူင်းၼႆၢး။ သြႃႇမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇယူၼ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ၸဝ်ႈၵေႃးလီႇ (ၸဝ်ႈၶူးမေႃလိၵ်ႈတႆး) ၵိူတ်ႇႁၼ်ၼႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈ ပီၶရိတ်ႉ 1824၊ ဝၢၼ်ႈၼွင်ႉၶၢဝ်လမ်၊ ၸေႈဝဵင်းမိူင်းပၼ်ႇ။ ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇသုမေႇထႃႇ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်သြႃႇ ၸဝ်ႈၵေႃးလီႇၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ပဵၼ်ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇယူၼ်းၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၼၢင်းၶမ်းၵူႇ (ၸဝ်ႈၶူးမေႃလိၵ်ႈတႆး) လုၵ်ႈယိင်းၸဝ်ႈၶူးမေႃလိၵ်ႈလူင် ၸဝ်ႈၵၢင်းသိူဝ်၊ ၵိူတ်ႇႁၼ်ၼႃႈမႃး တီႈဝၢၼ်ႈဝဵင်းလဝ်း၊ ၸေႈဝဵင်းမိူင်းၼႆၢး။ ၼၢင်းၶမ်းၵူႇတႄႉ ယွၼ်ႉဝႃႈ မၼ်းၼၢင်းပဵၼ် လုၵ်ႈယိင်း ၸဝ်ႈၵၢင်းသိူဝ် ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လုၵ်ႈသိတ်ႈ ၸဝ်ႈဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈပႃး ၼႂ်းၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇယူၼ်းယဝ်ႉလႄႈ ဢမ်ႇမီးလွင်ႈထၢင်ႇထိူမ်။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] h3qf7qiet5oaa2lr63ktmkh6hn1t8wy 1334760 1334759 2026-04-16T08:15:19Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1334760 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး|ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶဝ်ႈမႃး မိူင်းသဵၼ်ႈဝီ|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶဝ်ႈမႃး မိူင်းသဵၼ်ႈဝီ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ၵဵဝ်ႇၵပ်းလူၺ်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပိူင်တႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၼၼ်ႉ မွၵ်ႇၼႄဝႆႉဝႃႈ “မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ လႅပ်ႈတေၽႄႈတိူၼ်း ၽႅဝ်ၸွတ်ႇၵႂႃႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ထမ်ႇမ ၽၢႆႇပႃႇလိၶိုၼ် ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ပပ်ႉၽႄၼိတ်ႉသယမၼ်း ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၼိူဝ်ၽိုၼ်ပေႇ ၽိုၼ်ထၢၼ်၊ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၼိူဝ်ၸေႈတႆး/ၸေႈသႃတႄႇၵႂႃႇ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 18 ဢေႇၻီႇ ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း မိူင်းၼွင်၊ မိူင်းတႆးပွတ်းၸၢၼ်း၊ မိူင်းပဵင်း၊ ဢၼ်ၸမ်ဝဵင်းတူၼ်ႈတီးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ၵွၼ်ႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမ ဢၼ်ၽႄႈယူႇ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇယိူင်းၸူးဝႃႈ မၼ်းၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဢဝ် ၸွမ်းဝတ်ႉၸွမ်းဝႃး လၢႆလၢႆၵူၺ်း။ ပပ်ႉၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈလဵဝ် လႆႈႁၼ်မီးယူႇ ၼႂ်းႁူင်းၶွင်မွၼ် museum တီႈတူၼ်ႈတီး“ ၼၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လွင်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းၶႂ်ႈဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမယူၼ်း/တႆးၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ ဢမ်ႇၸႂ်ႈလႄႈဝႃႈ မၼ်းၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဢဝ် ၼႂ်းၵဵင်းတုင်လႆၢလၢႆၵူၺ်း တၢင်ႇတီႈသီႇလႅၼ် မိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းပႃးယူႇၼႆ ၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈပိုၼ်း ဝတ်ႉပႃႇလႅင်ၵေႃႈ ဢမ်ႇလႅပ်ႈႁွတ်ႈထိုင် ပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ မၼ်းၸင်ႇဢမ်ႇလၢတ်ႈၼႄလႆႈ ၸွတ်ႇၸွတ်ႇၸေးၸေး ၼင်ႇပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ။ ဝႃႈတႄႉတႄႉမၼ်း လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးထမ်ႇမယူၼ်း/ၶိုၼ်ၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်ၼႂ်းလေႃးၵ၊ ၼႂ်းထမ်ႇမ ၸွမ်းဝတ်ႉၸွမ်းဝႃး မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၵေႃႈ လႆႈႁၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်း ၵႂၢင်ႈၶႂၢင်တႄႉတႄႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၸဵမ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၵူၼ်းႁိူၼ်း ၶဝ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းဝႃႈ လိၵ်းလႆၢးထမ်ႇမယူၼ်းၼႆၵူၺ်း။ ယွၼ်ႉႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးလႄႈ ၾိင်ႈပိူင်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်ၾိင်ႈ ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းတႆးယူၼ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လွၵ်းလႆၢးယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ႁဵတ်းသၢင်ႈတူင်ႉၼိုင်ယူႇၸွမ်း ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၶႂ်ႈဝႃႈ မၼ်းမိူၼ်ၵၼ် တင်းဢၼ်ႁဵတ်းသၢင်ႈယူႇ ၽၢႆႇဢွၵ်ႇၶူင်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵူၺ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ပေႃးဝႃႈသႃႇသၼႃႇဢၼ်ၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းယဝ်ႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းႁဵတ်းႁႂ်ႈပိူင်ႈလၢၵ်ႇၵၼ်တင်းဢၼ်မီးယူႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၼႆႉ တႄႉတႄႉ၊ ပႃးၸဵမ်မၢၼ်ႈ။ သင်ႇၶၸဝ်ႈ ၸုမ်းယူၼ်းၶဝ် မၢင်ပွၵ်ႈမၢင်လႂ် လႆႈၶၢမ်ႇတင်း ပိူၼ်ႈတၢင်ႇၸုမ်း ဢၼ်ဢမ်ႇႁူႉၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ သႄႉၼႄး လၢႆၸိူဝ်ႉလႆၢပိူင်ယူႇ။ ပိူင်လူင်မၼ်းတႄႉ ယွၼ်ႉၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇ ႁၢၼ်ႉၸႂ် ၼိူဝ်လွင်ႈဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ႁူမ်ႇငမ်းၼိူဝ် တူင်ႇဝူင်းၵူၼ်းလႄႈ တၢင်ႇတီႈတၢင်ႇလႅၼ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။<ref>U. (sao) Kelananda, ''A study of Buddhism in Tai or Shan State of Myanmar'', p. 168. </ref> လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပၢႆးပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတႂ်ႈၶူင်း မိူင်းမၢဝ်း လႄႈ မိူင်းသဵၼ်ႈဝီၼႆႉ ဢၼ်လႆႈႁၼ် မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ လႆႈႁၼ်ဝႃႈ "ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူၼ်း လႄႈ ၵူၼ်းၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ တႆးယူၼ်းၶဝ်ၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ႈမႃး မိူင်းမၢဝ်းတႂ်ႈၶူင်း လႄႈ မိူင်းသဵၼ်ႈဝီ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 6 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉ" ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>စိုင်းစံအိုက် (ဒါကုန်)၊ ''ယွန်းရှမ်းတိုင်းပြည် ယွန်းရှမ်းလူမျိုး၊ အဘိဓဇမဟာ ရဋ္ဌဂုရုဘွဲ.ရ ဓမ္မောဒယဆရာတော်ဘုရားကြီး ပူဇော်ပွဲ မဂ္ဂဇင်း''၊ နှာ ၃။</ref> ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၸိူင်ႉၼၼ် မိူင်းမၢဝ်းတႂ်ႈၶူင်းလႄႈ မိူင်းသဵၼ်ႈဝီ ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ တေလႆႈဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ၽႅဝ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 6 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဢၼ်တေလၢတ်ႈၼႄ လၵ်းထၢၼ်ပႃႈတႂ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈလႄႈ ၵူၼ်းႁိူၼ်း ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်မီးၸိုဝ်ႈမီးသဵင် ဢၼ်ႁဵတ်းပၼ် ၽွၼ်းလီၵူၼ်းမိူင်းတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇသဝ်း ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းသေ ၼပ်ႉယမ်လႆၢးသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၸုမ်းယူၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈၵၢင်းသိူဝ် (ၸဝ်ႈၶူးမေႃလိၵ်ႈတႆး) လုၵ်ႈလုင်းပူႇလွႆ ပႃႈၼၢႆးၸၢင်း၊ ၵိူတ်ႇႁၼ်ၼႃႈမႃး မိူဝ်ႈပီၵေႃးၸႃႇ 1149 (ၶရိတ်ႉ-1789) လိူၼ် 12မႂ်ႇ၊ 1 ၶမ်ႈ၊ ဝၼ်းသုၵ်း၊ တီႈဝၢၼ်ႈၼႃးၵႅင်း၊ ဢိူင်ႇဝဵင်းလဝ်း၊ ၸေႈဝဵင်းမိူင်းၼႆၢး။ သြႃႇမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇယူၼ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ၸဝ်ႈၵေႃးလီႇ (ၸဝ်ႈၶူးမေႃလိၵ်ႈတႆး) ၵိူတ်ႇႁၼ်ၼႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈ ပီၶရိတ်ႉ 1824၊ ဝၢၼ်ႈၼွင်ႉၶၢဝ်လမ်၊ ၸေႈဝဵင်းမိူင်းပၼ်ႇ။ ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇသုမေႇထႃႇ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်သြႃႇ ၸဝ်ႈၵေႃးလီႇၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ပဵၼ်ၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇယူၼ်းၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၼၢင်းၶမ်းၵူႇ (ၸဝ်ႈၶူးမေႃလိၵ်ႈတႆး) လုၵ်ႈယိင်းၸဝ်ႈၶူးမေႃလိၵ်ႈလူင် ၸဝ်ႈၵၢင်းသိူဝ်၊ ၵိူတ်ႇႁၼ်ၼႃႈမႃး တီႈဝၢၼ်ႈဝဵင်းလဝ်း၊ ၸေႈဝဵင်းမိူင်းၼႆၢး။ ၼၢင်းၶမ်းၵူႇတႄႉ ယွၼ်ႉဝႃႈ မၼ်းၼၢင်းပဵၼ် လုၵ်ႈယိင်း ၸဝ်ႈၵၢင်းသိူဝ် ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လုၵ်ႈသိတ်ႈ ၸဝ်ႈဢၼ်ၶဝ်ႈပႃး ၼႂ်းၸုမ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇယူၼ်းယဝ်ႉလႄႈ ဢမ်ႇမီးလွင်ႈထၢင်ႇထိူမ်။ ၸဝ်ႈမိူင်းၼွင် (ၸဝ်ႈၶူးမေႃလိၵ်ႈတႆး) ၵိူတ်ႇမိူဝ်ႈပီၶရိတ်ႉ 1844၊ ဝၢၼ်ႈပၢင်ၸူင်ယၢဝ်း၊ မိူင်းၼွင်။ သြႃႇမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်သြႃႇၸဝ်ႈသုမေႇထႃႇ၊ တင်းၸဝ်ႈၵေႃးလီႇ ယူႇဝတ်ႉလဵဝ်ၵၼ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်လၢတ်ႈၼႄမႃး ပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်ၸိုဝ်ႈသဵင်ယႂ်ႇ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႆး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်းသေ သမ်ႉၶဝ်ႈပႃး ၼႂ်းၸုမ်း(ၵိူင်း)ယူၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Ven, Pannasiri, ''Introduction of Buddhism into Shan State, Union of Myanmar'', A Thesis submitted for the Ph.D Degree, Magadh University, Bodh-Gaya, India, pp.125-129.</ref> {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] aya8mjl0dan82dvyarh6s635ofew64r 0 450085 1334761 2026-04-16T08:19:26Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1334761 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း|သႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၽႅဝ်မႃး မိူင်းဢယုတ်ႉထယ 4 ဢေႇတီႇ|ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၽႅဝ်မႃး မိူင်းဢယုတ်ႉထယ 4 ဢေႇတီႇ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} လွင်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ တႄႇၶဝ်ႈမႃးမိူင်းသဵၼ်ႈဝီၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢမ်ႇၶႆႈၼႄပႃး ပိုၼ်းၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပလသိႁိင်ႇၵ ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် ၽြႃးပဵၼ် ၸဝ်ႈၵေႃႇမိူင်းဢမ်ႇယဝ်ႉ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇမႃးႁိူင်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်း သဵၼ်ႈဝီၼႆႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်မႃး ဝၢႆးၸဝ်ႈငမ်းပႆၢးလူင် မိူင်းဢယုတ်ႉထယ{{Note|1}} မႃးၸွမ်းၶႆႈ ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသေ မႃးႁဵတ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇၼၼ်ႉ ၵူၺ်း။ မိူဝ်ႈၼႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ပႆႇလႆႈငိၼ်းဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ႁိူဝ်ႈႁိူင်းမႃး တႄႉတႄႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်း တေၶႆႈၼႄ ပိုၼ်းၽြႃး ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၵေႃႇမိူင်းၵွၼ်ႇ။ ==မၢႆတွင်း== #{{Ref|1}}ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉၽူႈတႅမ်ႈပိုၼ်း မၢင်ဢၼ်တႄႉဝႃႈ ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇၺႃႇၼၵမ်ႇၽီႇရဝႃႈၼႆ၊ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းမၼ်းတႄႉဝႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈငမ်းပႆၢးလူင်ၼႆၵူၺ်း။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် လႆႈၸႂ်ႉၸွမ်းၸိူင်ႉၼၼ်။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] c1s2cf3rdzycqk4gnvobuxi2utn4ynh 1334762 1334761 2026-04-16T08:29:58Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1334762 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း|သႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၽႅဝ်မႃး မိူင်းဢယုတ်ႉထယ 4 ဢေႇတီႇ|ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၽႅဝ်မႃး မိူင်းဢယုတ်ႉထယ 4 ဢေႇတီႇ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} လွင်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ တႄႇၶဝ်ႈမႃးမိူင်းသဵၼ်ႈဝီၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢမ်ႇၶႆႈၼႄပႃး ပိုၼ်းၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပလသိႁိင်ႇၵ ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် ၽြႃးပဵၼ် ၸဝ်ႈၵေႃႇမိူင်းဢမ်ႇယဝ်ႉ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇမႃးႁိူင်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်း သဵၼ်ႈဝီၼႆႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်မႃး ဝၢႆးၸဝ်ႈငမ်းပႆၢးလူင် မိူင်းဢယုတ်ႉထယ{{Note|1}} မႃးၸွမ်းၶႆႈ ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသေ မႃးႁဵတ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇၼၼ်ႉ ၵူၺ်း။ မိူဝ်ႈၼႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ပႆႇလႆႈငိၼ်းဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ႁိူဝ်ႈႁိူင်းမႃး တႄႉတႄႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်း တေၶႆႈၼႄ ပိုၼ်းၽြႃး ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၵေႃႇမိူင်းၵွၼ်ႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ပီပီႇၸီႇ 250 (250 B.C)၊ ပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ 236{{Note|2}} ၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈဢရႁၼ်ႇမႁိၼ်ႇတ ဢွၼ်ႁူဝ်ၼၢမ်းၼႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈဢရႁၼ်ႇၶဝ် 7 တူၼ်သေ မႃးႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈဝဵင်းဢၼုရုတ်ႉထပူႇရ၊ မိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း တေႇဝႃႇၼမ်ပိယတိတ်ႉသ တိုၵ်ႉၽွင်းငမ်းဝၢၼ်ႈမိူင်း။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၵေႃႈ ပႂ်ႉႁပ်ႉတွၼ်ႈၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈသေ ယွၼ်းႁဵတ်းတၵႃႇ ၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ။ ==မၢႆတွင်း== #{{Ref|1}}ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉၽူႈတႅမ်ႈပိုၼ်း မၢင်ဢၼ်တႄႉဝႃႈ ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇၺႃႇၼၵမ်ႇၽီႇရဝႃႈၼႆ၊ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းမၼ်းတႄႉဝႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈငမ်းပႆၢးလူင်ၼႆၵူၺ်း။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် လႆႈၸႂ်ႉၸွမ်းၸိူင်ႉၼၼ်။ #{{Ref|2}}ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉလင်ႇၵႃႇလူင် ပိုၼ်းၽြႃးၵေႃႇမိူင်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉဝႃႈ ပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ 256 ဝႃႈၼႆ။ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ပီပီႇၸီႇလႄႈ ပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ဢဝ်ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပပ်ႉပိုၼ်း ''A Short History, Buddhism in Sri Lanka'', by H.R Perera ၼႃႈ 14 ၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈယဝ်ႉ။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] dzhba8v57lmru0ipc43eqtuz6srpf2r 1334763 1334762 2026-04-16T08:47:12Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1334763 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း|သႃႇသၼႃႇတႆးယူၼ်း ၶဝ်ႈမႃး ပွတ်းတူၵ်းၶူင်း]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၽႅဝ်မႃး မိူင်းဢယုတ်ႉထယ 4 ဢေႇတီႇ|ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၽႅဝ်မႃး မိူင်းဢယုတ်ႉထယ 4 ဢေႇတီႇ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} လွင်ႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ တႄႇၶဝ်ႈမႃးမိူင်းသဵၼ်ႈဝီၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢမ်ႇၶႆႈၼႄပႃး ပိုၼ်းၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပလသိႁိင်ႇၵ ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် ၽြႃးပဵၼ် ၸဝ်ႈၵေႃႇမိူင်းဢမ်ႇယဝ်ႉ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇမႃးႁိူင်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်း သဵၼ်ႈဝီၼႆႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ်မႃး ဝၢႆးၸဝ်ႈငမ်းပႆၢးလူင် မိူင်းဢယုတ်ႉထယ{{Note|1}} မႃးၸွမ်းၶႆႈ ၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသေ မႃးႁဵတ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇၼၼ်ႉ ၵူၺ်း။ မိူဝ်ႈၼႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ပႆႇလႆႈငိၼ်းဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ႁိူဝ်ႈႁိူင်းမႃး တႄႉတႄႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် ဢွၼ်တၢင်းသုတ်း တေၶႆႈၼႄ ပိုၼ်းၽြႃး ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၵေႃႇမိူင်းၵွၼ်ႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ပီပီႇၸီႇ 250 (250 B.C)၊ ပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ 236{{Note|2}} ၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈဢရႁၼ်ႇမႁိၼ်ႇတ ဢွၼ်ႁူဝ်ၼၢမ်းၼႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈဢရႁၼ်ႇၶဝ် 7 တူၼ်သေ မႃးႁဵတ်းၵၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ တီႈဝဵင်းဢၼုရုတ်ႉထပူႇရ၊ မိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း တေႇဝႃႇၼမ်ပိယတိတ်ႉသ တိုၵ်ႉၽွင်းငမ်းဝၢၼ်ႈမိူင်း။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၵေႃႈ ပႂ်ႉႁပ်ႉတွၼ်ႈၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈသေ ယွၼ်းႁဵတ်းတၵႃႇ ၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ။ ၽွင်းယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ မီးၶုၼ်ၼၵႃး ဢၼ်မီးဢူမုၼ်ယႂ်ႇတူဝ်ၼိုင်ႈ ၼိုင်ႈလိူၼ်ၼိုင်ႈပွၵ်ႈ ၵႆႉမႃးဝႆႈသႃ ၸဝ်ႈဢရႁၼ်ႇလႄႈ သင်ႇၶႃႇၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈ တီႈဝတ်ႉမႁႃႇဝိႁႃႇရ။ ပွၵ်ႈၼိုင်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ၼၵႃး မႃးလေႇ ၸဝ်ႈမႁိၼ်ႇတလႄႈ ၸဝ်ႈဢရႁၼ်ႇၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈ တီႈဝတ်ႉ။ မႅၼ်ႈၽွင်းၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈ တိုၵ်ႉဢုပ်ႇၵၼ် လွင်ႈၽြႃးပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ၊ လွင်ႈဝႃႈ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ မီးဢူမုၼ် ႁူၵ်းယိူင်ႈတဵမ်ထူၼ်ႈသေ လီလူလီယဵမ်ႈၼႃႇ လီၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႃႇ၊ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ႁၢင်ႈၽၢင် ရူပၵႃႇယမၼ်းၸဝ်ႈၵေႃႈ တဵမ်ထူၼ်ႈလီတႄႉတႄႉဝႃႈၼႆ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် ၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈၸင်ႇတုၵ်း ယွၼ်း ၶုၼ်ၼၵႃး ႁႂ်ႈမၼ်းမုၼ်းပူင်သၢင်ႈၼႄ ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်တႄႉမၼ်း ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ၼၵႃး ယၢမ်ႈလႆႈႁၼ်မႃး ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်တႄႉမၼ်း မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ။ ဢမ်ႇၽွင်းလိူဝ်လႆႈသေ မၼ်းၵေႃႈ လႆႈမုၼ်းႁဵတ်းၼႄၵႂႃႇ။ ဝၢႆးသေ လႆႈႁၼ်လီငၢမ်းယဝ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈမီးၸႂ် ၶႂ်ႈဝႆႈၶႂ်ႈသႃ၊ ၶႂ်ႈၵိူဝ်းလီတႃႇသေႇၼႃႇလႄႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၸင်ႇႁွင်ႉဢဝ် မေႃသွၼ်းၵတ်ႉၶႅၼ်ႇၶဝ် ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်လႆႈႁၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ သွၼ်းႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈသၢမ်တူၼ်။ ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ လႆႈသွၼ်းထိုင် ၸဵတ်းပွၵ်ႈ ၸင်ႇပဵၼ်။ မိူဝ်ႈသွၼ်း ႁူၵ်းပွၵ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈဢမ်ႇပႃး ၼမ်ႉၵတ်ႉၶုၼ်ဢိၼ်းလႄႈ ဢမ်ႇပဵၼ်လႆႈလႃးလႃး။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၵေႃႈဝႃႈ ပေႃးဝႃႈသွၼ်းၸဵတ်းပွၵ်ႈလႄႈ ဢမ်ႇပဵၼ်မႃးၵေႃႈ ၶေႃးသူတေၶၢတ်ႇ မူတ်းယဝ်ႉၼႆယူႇ။ ယၢမ်းၸမ်ထိုင်ၸဵတ်းပွၵ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ဢိၼ်း ႁဵတ်းမေႃသွၼ်းပွမ် တၢင်ႇတီႈသေ ႁွတ်ႈမႃး၊ ၽိူဝ်ႇမၼ်း မႃးၸွႆႈမႃးထႅမ် ၵၢၼ်သွၼ်းၽြႃးၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇတေပဵၼ်မႃးယူႇ။ ==မၢႆတွင်း== #{{Ref|1}}ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉၽူႈတႅမ်ႈပိုၼ်း မၢင်ဢၼ်တႄႉဝႃႈ ပဵၼ်ၸဝ်ႈသြႃႇၺႃႇၼၵမ်ႇၽီႇရဝႃႈၼႆ၊ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းမၼ်းတႄႉဝႃႈ ၸဝ်ႈငမ်းပႆၢးလူင်ၼႆၵူၺ်း။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် လႆႈၸႂ်ႉၸွမ်းၸိူင်ႉၼၼ်။ #{{Ref|2}}ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉလင်ႇၵႃႇလူင် ပိုၼ်းၽြႃးၵေႃႇမိူင်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉဝႃႈ ပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ 256 ဝႃႈၼႆ။ ဢၼ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉ ပီပီႇၸီႇလႄႈ ပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ဢဝ်ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပပ်ႉပိုၼ်း ''A Short History, Buddhism in Sri Lanka'', by H.R Perera ၼႃႈ 14 ၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈယဝ်ႉ။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] e6huteajzrfeticnry3fy61h4qn413m