Wikisource sourceswiki https://wikisource.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.46.0-wmf.24 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikisource Wikisource talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Page Page talk Index Index talk Author Author talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Translations Translations talk 104 85579 1335907 1335134 2026-04-26T17:41:16Z Mahagaja 1972 /* Validated */ 1335907 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Mahagaja" />{{rh||{{uc|An}} t‑{{uc|Oiléanach}}|161}}</noinclude>maid amach agus ní bhrisfeadh sé ubh fiaidh fé n‑a chosa. Dar leis go raibh an séala ar an ngnó. Mo dhriofúr Máire do bhí i Meirice agus tagaithe abhaile agus pósta thar n‑ais, do chualaidh sí go raibh Diarmaid, réic, ’ár dtigh-ne agus cleamhnas ar bun aige ann agus do ghluais sí féachaint arbh’ fhíor é. Do h‑innseadh di mar bhí, ach ba bheag uirthi an scéal agus do bhreac sí amach do’n mbeirt aosta cad é an oibliogáid a leanfadh an té ná pósfadh duine béal-dorais ach a cheanglochadh le dream eile bhí i bhfad ó bhaile agus ná beadh cabhair ná congnamh le fagháil uatha lá an ghádhtair. Do bhí cailín maith deigh-eolais beartaithe aici féin go raibh a muinntir ar an mbaile chun cabhair a thabhairt dúinn an uair ba ghádh é agus do chrom sí ar bheith ag léiriú mar seo dhúinn, fé mar bheadh bean ag léigheamh na Liodán, nó gur dhein sí comh mín le cat sinn, tré n‑a chéile. An chéad fhear do bhí pósta aici féin do bhí leanúnachas mór ar an dtreibh sin aici do shíor agus inghean dritheár do dob’ eadh an cailín seo bhí beartaithe aici dhúinn-ne go raibh an moladh go léir aici uirthi agus níor mholadh fallsa aici é. Drifiúr do’n Rí, atá ar an mBlascaod anois, í ach ná raibh an teideal rí aige an uair sin ná i bhfad ’n‑a dhiaidh. Tá mo dhrifiúr Máire, a dhein an cleamhnas, curtha ó mhí na Nodlag 1923 agus í i n‑aois a ceithre fichid an uair sin. Gur i bhFlaithis Dé d’á h‑anam. Seachtain ó’n lá san do bhí beirt againn pósta—Tomás Ó Criomhthain agus Máire Ní Chatháin—sa tseachtain deirinneach d’Inid, 1878. Níor lá go dtí é ar an mBuailtín. Bhí cheithre tigh ann agus bhí tamall ins gach tigh aca go raibh an lá mall go maith. Do bhí an tsráid-bhaile lán de dhaoine mar do bhí a lán de phóstaí eile ann. Do bhí cúig bheidhleadóirí ann, fear ins gach tigh ag mealladh dreama chuige féin agus bhí fear eile aca ná raibh i n‑aon tigh ach i gcorp<noinclude></noinclude> qc2uhkznidfiyimsrrsv07iar49lbm7 104 86053 1335911 598635 2026-04-26T18:13:24Z Mahagaja 1972 /* Validated */ 1335911 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Mahagaja" />{{rh||{{uc|Magh Nuadhat}}|97}}</noinclude>sé abhfad sa bhaile agá mhuíntir nuair imthigh sé abhaile ar an síoruidheacht, gura’ maith an mhaise dhó é! Dúbhart gur ghoill aer na h‑áite air. Do ghoill. Ach níor bh’ aon iongnadh é sin. Tá an áit ró íseal agus tá an chanáil ag gabháil tré lár na tíre, siar, lasmuich d’fhalla an Choláisde, agus fliuchan ceó na canáile sin an t‑aer i dtreó go mbíon an t‑aer mí-fholáin do chliabh an duine, agus go músglan sé an uile shaghas galair cléibh ann. Ach dúbhart gur ghoill an biadh air. Ba mhó d’iongnadh an ghoilleamhaint sin ’ná an ghoilleamhaint eile. Tugtar, nó go tugtí an uair sin ar aon chuma, an chaoirfheóil ab fhearr d’ár bhlais aon daonaidhe riamh le n‑ithe dhúinn. Níor bh’ fhéidir aon locht fhághail uirthi. Ní lúgha ’ná mar ab fhéidir aon locht fhághail ar an arán a tugtí dhúinn. Ach d’á fheabhas a bhíodh idir fheóil agus arán ní dheinidís puínn tairbhe do chuid againn. An chuid againn a théigheadh isteach ó’n dtuath ní bhíodh taithíghe ar an bhfeóil againn. An gráinne agus an práta agus an bainne iseadh bhíodh againn sa bhaile ar fad. Ní bhíodh an fhéoil le fághail ach go h‑anamh, nó b’fhéidir go ró-anamh. Ansan, nuair a théighmís isteach sa Choláisde ní bhíodh le fághail ach an fheóil ar fad. Bhíodh an t‑aer breagh foláin agus an biadh ar ar tógadh sinn fágtha i n‑ár ndiaigh lasmuich againn. Bhíodh an biadh lastigh go h‑ana mhaith, ach ní h‑ar an mbiadh sin a tógadh sinn. Ní bhíodh an taithíghe againn air. Ní théigheadh sé chun sochair dúinn. Bhíodh a rian air, nuair a thagaimís abhaile ar ár laethantaibh saoire sa tsamhradh, is ar éigin aithnigheadh ár máithreacha sinn, bhímís ag féachaint chómh lom chómh mílítheach chómh h‑ocrach san. An fhaid a bhímís sa bhaile bhíodh ár ndóithin airís againn de’n bhiadh ar ar tógadh sinn, an t‑arán coirce<noinclude>{{left|&emsp;{{xx-smaller|8}}}}</noinclude> dr3znw1s6bfk66yn3lla2crki1ugvrr 104 101244 1335912 603573 2026-04-26T18:46:36Z Mahagaja 1972 /* Validated */ 1335912 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Mahagaja" />{{rh||{{uc|Táin Bó Cúailnge.}}|109}}</noinclude>“Tānic buiden mār borrfadach aile isi''n'' telaich oc Sleamai''n'' Midi,” or M''a''c Rot''h''. “Rolāsat a nētaigi tara nais. Aṅgō di''diu'' is tailc do''n''d dechadar isi''n'' telaich, tromda int erfūat''h''<ref>The ''f'' has been inserted later</ref> ⁊ is mōr in g''rā''in donucsad forru, hūat''h''mar int airmg''r''ith rolāsad ocon toithi''m''.<ref>''sic'' {{sc|ms.}}; ''leg.'' tóchim</ref> Fer cen''n''remar calma caurata<ref>''caurita'' altered to ''caurata''</ref> i''n''na hairinach ossē cichorda g''ra''i''n''ne, folt ētro''m'' grelīat''h'' fair. Sūili buidi mōra ina c''h''i''n''d, brat buidi ''co n''ec''h''lai''m''<ref>The dot over ''c'' seems later</ref> gil i faithi i''m''bi. Scīath bēmnech co fōeb''ar'' condūalac''h'' fair dianec''h''tair, gāi sli''n''dleat''h''an, sleg ḟota co ''m''brōen fola iarna crun''n'', ⁊ gāi a t''h''ānaisi co crū bidbud iar nāg ina lāim. Claideb bēmnech mār iarna formnu.” “Cia sin, a Ḟerg''ais''?” or Ail''ill''. “Nimgeb comroc ''nā'' co''m''lond nā co''m''ro''m'' in lǣch dodā''n''ic .i. Lōegaire Būadac''h'' m''a''c Con''n''aig m''aic'' Ilech o I''m''piul<ref>This was originally written ''impuil'', altered later to ''impiul''</ref> antūaid,” or Ferg''us''. “Tānic buiden mōr aili a''n''d di''diu'' i Slemai''n'' Midi isi''n'' telaich,” or M''a''c Rot''h''. “Lōech munremar collach cāi''n'' i''n''n airi''n''ach na buidne si''n'', folt dubc''h''as fair ossē corcra gormainech, rosc ṅglas lai''n''derda i''n''na chi''n''d, brat odarda fochlaidi i''m''bi, bretnas bānairgit and, dubscīat''h'' co ''m''būailid humæ fair, gāi sūilech co foscadaib i''n''a lāi''m'', lēne trebraid ''co n''deirci''n''dliud imbi, claid''eb'' ''co n''imdorn''n'' diad tara ētac''h'' anechtair.” “Cia si''n'', a Ferg''ais''?” or Ail''ill''. “Is cor ar ug''r''a dodā''n''ic, is tond romara bāides mi''n''glaisi, is fer t''r''ī ṅg''re''t''h''a, is brāt''h'' mbūabt''h''ana bidbad dodānic,” or F''er''g''us'' “.i. Muinremu''r'' m''a''c Gerrci''n''d ō Moduir''n'' atūaid.” “Tānic buid''en'' mōr aili an''n'' di''diu'' isi''n'' telaig i Sleamai''n'' Midi,” or M''a''c Rot''h''. “Buiden rochāi''n'' roālai''n''d it''ir'' līn ⁊ costud ⁊ timt''h''aidi. Is borrfadac''h'' dofarfobrit in tulaig, f''or''rochroth in slōg an armg''r''it''h'' rolāsad oc teac''h''t i''n''d rēimme. Lōech cǣ''m'' g''r''āta i''n''n airi''n''ach na buidne, āillde do dāi''n''ib [47 b] a delb it''ir'' folt ⁊ rosc ⁊ hūamain, it''ir'' errud ⁊ c''h''ruth ⁊ gut''h'' ⁊ gili, it''ir'' mīad ⁊ mēit ⁊ maisi, ⁊ it''ir'' arm ⁊ ergnas ⁊ cumtac''h'', it''ir'' dechelt ⁊ gaisced ⁊ cōri, it''ir'' feib ⁊ gāis ⁊ cenēl.” “Isī a ep''er''t,” ar Fergos; “is luc''h''air dego i''n'' fer ālai''n''d Feidlimid dadānic an''n'', is borrfadac''h'' caurad, is ton''n'' anbt''h''ine bādis, is gus nād fulaṅgt''h''ar co coscraib a aile-c[h]rīchaib iar foirtib a nāmad .i. Feidlimid Cilair cētaig<ref>''g'' inserted later on erasure</ref> an''n''.” {{nop}}<noinclude>{{smallrefs}}</noinclude> 4po1z9b3s64befqksyohac6x7w39o2p 0 147465 1335913 477778 2026-04-26T20:42:56Z მარგალონა 24954 1335913 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header |title =*** |author = გიგა ქავთარაძე |notes =}} <poem> სი გიჸორს თე თუთა. თე თუთა სი მორგენს, ჟირხოლო პირანთ დო გურ მიჸუნს ბირელი. სქან შურიშ სიტომბა ვეგნაჩე პოლ გოგენს... ზოხო სი კარკაცანქ დო ზოხო პირელი. გიმოვურქ გალე დო ცა მუნერ ლენიე, ვუჯინექ ასე დო დახე გურქ წამირთას... ჸუმურიშ ჩე კაბა, თე ორთაშ გენია აწმართუ წოხოლე, ნაკათოლს გემირთას... ნარცისეფ კოსმოსშე გიმულირ ბჟა რენა, გეჩანა ამარ დო სი გიჸორს მუჭონი, სქან გურშენ ირდუნა, სქან გეშა ხარენა, ფალუნა, ოკონა სქან სქვამ ხეშ ფუჩონი... აფუნიშ თუთა რე, თოლეფი თოფური პეულო ალგორე დო გუგაპირელუ, მა მიჸორს სქან ირფელ, ქოთ ჯგირი, ქოთ ფური. ჩქიმ შურშე მუკნაღელ სქან მულას პირ ელუ... </poem> 01.04.2016 [[Category:Mingrelian]] [[Category: გიგა ქავთარაძეშ ნახანდეფი]] a954x3v02er1pibn4rbhl3vdop1mps5 104 173138 1335937 553769 2026-04-27T04:50:00Z Cwrwgl 937938 /* Proofread */ 1335937 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Cwrwgl" />{{rh||EARRAIG CHEILIDH|91}}</noinclude> faigh an fhìrinn togail, bhual an t-àrdan e cuideachd. Thainig tòcadh mu lùib nan aisnean aige. Is na’n cuireadh e dealbh air aigne ’san dearbh àm, cha b’e ciall nan òigh a gheibheadh a bheannachd. Gonadh orra seach plàigh! chnuasaich e le cùib. C’arson a chuir nàdar a leithid de charan annta? Dhiùltadh dhomhsa na cleasan, co-dhiùbh, a bheir gu buailidh iad. “Ceadaich dhomh foighneachd dhiot a’ bheil sùil agad ris an dotair air ais an tràth so?” dh’fharraid e ann an casadh-facail ’na bu bhioraiche na chòrd ri Mairearaid, a bha nise fo iomagain a-thaobh a h-athar. “Cha bhi sùil agam ris gus an cur e cùl ri ghnothuch; na’s lugha na gheibh mi fios an atharraichidh bhuat-sa.” ’S e dòigh neònach a th’aic air sgial-rùin a ghabhail, smaointich Iain; agus mar an ciadna, nach biodh e ’na shùgradh ti’n an aghaidh a’ chuilg oirre. “Thainig e ’na m’inntinn,” chùm e roimhe, “gur a dòcha gu’n tug am Prionnsa fios air choireigin mu thimchioll dhut.” “Am Prionnsa!” dh’aithlis Mairearad, mar le ioghnadh. Ach na’n do thachair do dh’Iain a shùil a bhi oirre-se, an àit’ air a bhrògain, chunnaic e gu’n d’fhàs an dearg na bu truime ’na gruaidh. “Am Prionnsa!” thuirt i rithisd. “Có rinn teachdaire dheth?” Ah! rùnaich Iain, tha saobh-shruth ’s a’ ghlumaig nach aithne dhomhsa; is ghabh e dragh dheth—cha’n ann air a shon fein, ach i bhi ’cur an géill a tograidh air spiris bho nach tig ach tuisleadh maslach. Thilg e doicheall air chùl, is chomhairlich e dhith,—<noinclude></noinclude> 9stxank0k2r5z6gx4rtlj4pj40rzziv 104 173139 1335938 553771 2026-04-27T05:01:37Z Cwrwgl 937938 /* Proofread */ 1335938 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Cwrwgl" />{{rh|92|AN T-OGHA MOR}}</noinclude> sùil mu’n t-sròin,—am Prionnsa sheachnadh. “Oir,” ars’ esan, ’se teothachadh ri chuspair, “tha cuilbheartan ’na bheachd a bheir aobhar nàire do’n ionad ’sam buannaich iad. Ma chaochlas a’ Bhan-righ, bidh t’athair an cunnart a bheatha.” Gun chothrom smachd no gearain a thoirt do Mhairearaid, thug e cunntas mean air na chual e le farchluais ann an Luchairt Hamptoin. “Stad!” chaisg i an ealamhachd. “Na di-chuimhnich mionnan do sheirbheis mar shaighdear. Tha tuaileas a’ cur ort, neo cha bhristeadh do ghuth an aghaidh do Phrionnsa.” “Prionnsa! Puth!” Mhag e gu dàna. “Prionnsa nan leomann, hiri um bì! Ach,” is e ’dreamadh aodainn “tha mo Phrionnsa-sa far nach iarr cogais caisleachadh, mu’n d’thuirt an t-Ogha Mór, mo charaid. Oir cha’n ann idir clì a bha e, nuair a thuirt e, nach b’aobhar-uaill do shaighdear—seasamh claidheimh ann am muinntearas Prionnsa, nach fheàrr a dhol-a-mach, na umbaidh na h-anameasarrachd.” Thug Iain an aire gu’n robh Mairearad fo léireadh trom; ach is beag a shaoil e gu’n robh cuspair a h-iomagain an àit’-éisdeachd da ghuth. Oir có, ma dh’ìnnsear e, a bha ann an cuba-chùil a’ farchluais, ach am Prionnsa Frederic, fhein, leis a’ Mhoraire Godo ’na chois. Cha’n ann nuair a bhios ùidh air mheigh bu chòir naigheachd fhiaradh. Ach a-chionn ’s gu’ bheil beus-chliù bana-Ghaidhil an doillearachd, cha cheil mi na ghabhadh a leisgial. {{nop}}<noinclude></noinclude> hni6qftt06rwtduaarhk7tmqwerbzuj 104 238112 1335895 778319 2026-04-26T16:19:48Z Mahagaja 1972 /* Proofread */ 1335895 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Mahagaja" />{{rh|240|IX Fled Bricrend.}}</noinclude>und zurück nach Emain laufen (Cap. 37. 38). Bald darauf kommt Conall des&shy;selbigen Weges und hat genau dasselbe Schicksal, wie Loegaire (Cap. 39). Cu&shy;chulainn aber, der ebenso auf seiner Fahrt von dem Nebel über&shy;fallen wird und dann mit dem Riesen zu kämpfen hat, besiegt diesen, nimmt ihm die frühere Beute ab und kehrt mit den Wagen&shy;lenkern, den Pferden und den Waffen von Loegaire und Conall nach Emain zurück (Cap. 40). Bricriu spricht dem Cu&shy;chulainn den Helden&shy;preis zu. Aber Loegaire und Conall wollen den Helden&shy;theil nicht ohne Weiteres wegen des Streiches, den ihnen doch nur die Síde gespielt hätten, fahren lassen. Conchobar empfiehlt (nochmals), Cúroi mac Dairi um ein Urtheil anzugehen, oder Ailill und Medb (Cap. 41). Die Edlen von Ulster beschliessen, sich an Ailill und Medb zu wenden, und ziehen in glän&shy;zendem Zuge aus. Cu&shy;chulainn aber bleibt zurück und unterhält die Frauen durch seine Künste. Sein treuer Diener Loeg jammert darüber, dass Cu&shy;chulainn sich durch eigene Schuld den Helden&shy;theil entgehen lasse. Aber die Schnellig&shy;keit ihres Gespannes lässt sie trotz der ver&shy;späteten Abfahrt zuerst vor Cruachan ankommen (Cap. 42. 43). Von der Erschütte&shy;rung der heran&shy;fahrenden Wagen fallen in Cruachan die Waffen von den Wänden herab; die ganze Be&shy;völkerung kommt auf die Beine, die Leute stehen auf der Burg, wie Schilf am Flusse. Auch Medb hat ein solches Getöse noch nie erlebt. Sie steigt mit ihrer Tochter Findabair auf den Söller am Thore der Burg und fordert die Tochter auf, zu be&shy;schreiben, was sie sieht (Cap. 44). Zuerst be&shy;schreibt Findabair ein Gespann mit einem Helden, den Medb als Loegaire erkennt (Cap. 45. 46), ebenso wird Conall (Cap. 47. 48), ebenso Cu&shy;chulainn (Cap. 49–52) vor&shy;geführt. Der dithyrham&shy;bische Schwung in Medb’s Antworten hat sich in der Verherr&shy;lichung von Cu&shy;chulainn’s Furchtbar&shy;keit auf das Höchste ge&shy;steigert. Findabair schildert noch, wie die Helden in dichten Schaaren heran&shy;ziehen, und Medb giebt an, wie sie empfangen werden sollen (Cap. 53). Medb geht den Helden von Ulster mit dreimal fünfzig Mädchen vor das Thor der Burg entgegen; drei Fässer mit kaltem Wasser werden herbei&shy;geschafft, um die Hitze der Helden<noinclude></noinclude> h7l118yytpqgpck9afpj8m5xn9he0rm 104 238188 1335887 778449 2026-04-26T15:28:05Z Mahagaja 1972 /* Proofread */ 1335887 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Mahagaja" />{{rh|208|''Non-Biblical Glosses and Scholia.''}}</noinclude><section begin="209a-la"/>actionem quam pasionem{{fn|1}}, in eadem intellegi persona{{fn|2}}. Non aliter igitur potest proferri{{fn|3}} is{{fn|4}}, in quem aliquid agitur, nisi per obliquos casus. {{gap}} …‘Aiaxse inter&shy;fecit,’ rursus enim ‘inter&shy;fecit{{fn|5}}’ ad ipsum Aiacem recipro&shy;catur. {{gap}} Iure igitur nos, qui in plerisque antiqui&shy;tatem serua&shy;uimus gratiae<ref>leg. graeciae</ref>{{fn|6}}… Quaeritur igitur, cur, si ‘mei’ pro {{grc|ἐμοῦ}}{{fn|7}} et {{grc|ἐμαυτοῦ}}{{fn|8}} et ‘tui’ pro <section end="209a-la"/> <section begin="209b-la"/>{{anchor|209b}}{{smaller block|P. 209b}}{{grc|σοῦ}}{{fn|1}} et {{grc|σεαυτοῦ}}{{fn|2}} accipiantur<ref>MS. {{grc|εμαου}} et {{grc|εμα σου}} et {{grc|σεαυτου}} accipiantur</ref>{{fn|3}}&#8239;{{fn|3a}}, tamen nominatiuos habeant, ‘sui,’ cum pro {{grc|οὗ}}{{fnb|4}} et {{grc|ἑαυτοῦ}}{{fnb|5}} accipitur, non habeat nomina&shy;tiuum? Ad quod multa sunt dicenda: primum quod, si loco aspira&shy;tionis…quae est in principio tertiae personae apud Graecos, id est {{grc|ἵ}} s prae&shy;poneretur nomi&shy;natiuo{{fn|6}}, esset dubitatio ad coniunc&shy;tionem ‘si’; quomodo enim {{grc|οὗ}} ‘sui’ et {{grc|οἷ}}<ref>MS. {{grc|ͱ}}{{coptic|ⲟⲩ}}</ref> ‘sibi’ et {{grc|ἕ}} ‘se,’ sic nomina&shy;tiuus {{grc|ἵ}} ‘si’ debuit esse{{fn|7}}. Et in aliis enim dictio&shy;nibus<ref>om. MS.</ref> quibusdam solent Eolis sequentes uel in digamma uel in s con&shy;uertere aspira&shy;tionem{{fn|8}}… {{gap}} Et fortasse ideo ex eo per ana&shy;strophen factum est ‘is’ aliud pronomen{{fn|9}}, quod propterea puto et relatiuum esse, quomodo {{grc|ἵ}} apud Graecos{{fn|10}}; <section end="209b-la"/> <section begin="209a-sga"/>{{smaller block|P. 209a}}{{fnb|1}}''Ní arindí bed hi'' sui ꝉ ''i''n''na&shy;chamthuis&shy;lib nobed ingním'' ꝉ ''incésad'' acht ''do&shy;asilbthær triit som gníim'' ꝉ ''chésad''<ref>MS. ''čésad''</ref> ''doneuch''&nbsp;· {{gap}} {{fnb|2}}''his''vi ''ɔa&shy;thuislib'' {{gap}} {{fnb|3}}.i. ''ní rubai anisin'' i''n'' no''min''ativo {{gap}} {{fnb|4}}.i. ''i''n''tí'' {{gap}} {{fnb|5}}.i. ''aní as'' interfe''cit'' {{gap}} {{fnb|6}}.i. ''ro&shy;thechtat&shy;so''m ''hífius ⁊ heulus'' {{gap}} {{fnb|7}}ꝉ .i. ''geni''tiu ''chin''tig .i. mei . ''mui'' {{gap}} {{fnb|8}}ꝉ ''geni''tiu ''aitreb''thaig <section end="209a-sga"/> <section begin="209b-sga"/>{{smaller block|P. 209b}}{{fnb|1}}''geni''tiu ''chin''tig {{gap}} {{fnb|2}}''g''enitiu ''ait''rebthaig {{gap}} {{fnb|3}}.i. c''um'' {{gap}} {{fnb|3a}}ꝉ si accipiant''ur'' t''ame''n no''mi''nati''uos'' ha''beant'' .i. ''camaiph thech''tait<ref>The aspiration is strange. Is it due to ''camaiph''?</ref> ''ainm''nidi<ref>.i. über accipiant''ur'', das in der ersten zeile der seite steht, glosse: .i. č; weiter oben am rande ohne ver&shy;weisungs&shy;zeichen: ꝉ si etc., Thurney&shy;sen</ref> {{gap}} {{fnb|4}}.i. ''geni''tiu ''chin''tig .i. sui&nbsp;· {{gap}} {{fnb|5}}''g''enitiu ''ait''rebthaig .i. sui .i. ''indái foṡodin'' {{gap}} {{fnb|6}}''dond ainmnid no biad''<ref>MS. ''no bia''</ref> ''do'' ṡvi {{gap}} {{fnb|7}}.i. ''combad'' ·&nbsp;si&nbsp;· ap''ud'' nos {{gap}} {{fnb|8}}''air dosoat eol''dai ''tinf''ed ''i''n''digaim {{gap}} {{fnb|9}}.i. ''i''n''sin'' {{gap}} {{fnb|10}}[in marg.] Aliud p''ro''no''men'' .i. ''is allail''<ref>rectius ''alaill''</ref> p''ro''no''men aní sin fri''sui&nbsp;· .i. ''an'' ·&nbsp;is&nbsp;· ''hísin''&nbsp;· quod propterea puto .i. ''iss''ed ''domuinur&shy;sa ol p''ri''scien iss''ed ''dorigéni'' p''ro''no''men ṅatár&shy;cadach di'' ·&nbsp;is&nbsp;· ''anisin uare''<ref>MS. ''óre with ''va'' written over ''ó''.</ref> ''is ó''<ref>MS. ''o'', which Ascoli prints as if it were Greek or Latin</ref> p''ro''no''men atár&shy;cadach atá la græcu''&nbsp;·&nbsp;˘ <section end="209b-sga"/> <section begin="209a-en"/>{{smaller block|P. 209a}}1. not that the action or the passion is in ''sui'' or in its oblique cases, but through it action or passion is ascribed to some one. {{gap}} 2. in ''sui'' with its cases. {{gap}} 3. i.e. that cannot be in the nomi&shy;native. {{gap}} 5. i.e. the word ''inter&shy;fecit''. {{gap}} 6. which they (the Latins) had in knowledge and guidance. {{gap}} 7. or i.e. a genitive of the finite, i.e. ''mei'' mine. {{gap}} 8. or a genitive of the pos&shy;sessive. <section end="209a-en"/> <section begin="209b-en"/>{{smaller block|P. 209b}}1. a genitive of the finite. {{gap}} 2. a genitive of the pos&shy;sessive. {{gap}} 3. i.e. however, they have nomi&shy;natives. {{gap}} 4. i.e. a genitive of the finite, i.e. ''sui''. {{gap}} 5. a genitive of the pos&shy;sessive, i.e. ''sui'', i.e. his in ac&shy;cordance with that. {{gap}} 6. to the nomi&shy;native which would be to ''sui''. {{gap}} 7. i.e. with us it would be ''si''. {{gap}} 8. for the Aeolians convert aspi&shy;ration into digamma. {{gap}} 9. i.e. that. {{gap}} 10. i.e. that, to wit, that is another pronoun from ''sui'', to wit that is, ''quod p.&nbsp;p.'', i.e. this is what I think, says Priscian, this is what made an anaphoric pronoun of ''is'', because it is (derived) from an anaphoric pronoun ({{grc|ἵ}}) which the Greeks have. <section end="209b-en"/><noinclude>{{smallrefs|columns=2}}</noinclude> 1cpa7np3c2tqbeecpwnrc8nty0qvu9z 1335888 1335887 2026-04-26T15:31:40Z Mahagaja 1972 1335888 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Mahagaja" />{{rh|208|''Non-Biblical Glosses and Scholia.''}}</noinclude><section begin="209a-la"/>actionem quam pasionem{{fn|1}}, in eadem intellegi persona{{fn|2}}. Non aliter igitur potest proferri{{fn|3}} is{{fn|4}}, in quem aliquid agitur, nisi per obliquos casus. {{gap}} …‘Aiaxse inter&shy;fecit,’ rursus enim ‘inter&shy;fecit{{fn|5}}’ ad ipsum Aiacem recipro&shy;catur. {{gap}} Iure igitur nos, qui in plerisque antiqui&shy;tatem serua&shy;uimus gratiae<ref>leg. graeciae</ref>{{fn|6}}… Quaeritur igitur, cur, si ‘mei’ pro {{grc|ἐμοῦ}}{{fn|7}} et {{grc|ἐμαυτοῦ}}{{fn|8}} et ‘tui’ pro <section end="209a-la"/> <section begin="209b-la"/>{{anchor|209b}}{{smaller block|P. 209b}}{{grc|σοῦ}}{{fn|1}} et {{grc|σεαυτοῦ}}{{fn|2}} accipiantur<ref>MS. {{grc|εμαου}} et {{grc|εμα σου}} et {{grc|σεαυτου}} accipiantur</ref>{{fn|3}}&#8239;{{fn|3a}}, tamen nominatiuos habeant, ‘sui,’ cum pro {{grc|οὗ}}{{fnb|4}} et {{grc|ἑαυτοῦ}}{{fnb|5}} accipitur, non habeat nomina&shy;tiuum? Ad quod multa sunt dicenda: primum quod, si loco aspira&shy;tionis…quae est in principio tertiae personae apud Graecos, id est {{grc|ἵ}} s prae&shy;poneretur nomi&shy;natiuo{{fn|6}}, esset dubitatio ad coniunc&shy;tionem ‘si’; quomodo enim {{grc|οὗ}} ‘sui’ et {{grc|οἷ}}<ref>MS. {{grc|ͱ}}{{coptic|ⲟⲩ}}</ref> ‘sibi’ et {{grc|ἕ}} ‘se,’ sic nomina&shy;tiuus {{grc|ἵ}} ‘si’ debuit esse{{fn|7}}. Et in aliis enim dictio&shy;nibus<ref>om. MS.</ref> quibusdam solent Eolis sequentes uel in digamma uel in s con&shy;uertere aspira&shy;tionem{{fn|8}}… {{gap}} Et fortasse ideo ex eo per ana&shy;strophen factum est ‘is’ aliud pronomen{{fn|9}}, quod propterea puto et relatiuum esse, quomodo {{grc|ἵ}} apud Graecos{{fn|10}}; <section end="209b-la"/> <section begin="209a-sga"/>{{smaller block|P. 209a}}{{fnb|1}}''Ní arindí bed hi'' sui ꝉ ''i''n''na&shy;chamthuis&shy;lib nobed ingním'' ꝉ ''incésad'' acht ''do&shy;asilbthær triit som gníim'' ꝉ ''chésad''<ref>MS. ''čésad''</ref> ''doneuch''&nbsp;· {{gap}} {{fnb|2}}''his''vi ''ɔa&shy;thuislib'' {{gap}} {{fnb|3}}.i. ''ní rubai anisin'' i''n'' no''min''ativo {{gap}} {{fnb|4}}.i. ''i''n''tí'' {{gap}} {{fnb|5}}.i. ''aní as'' interfe''cit'' {{gap}} {{fnb|6}}.i. ''ro&shy;thechtat&shy;so''m ''hífius ⁊ heulus'' {{gap}} {{fnb|7}}ꝉ .i. ''geni''tiu ''chin''tig .i. mei . ''mui'' {{gap}} {{fnb|8}}ꝉ ''geni''tiu ''aitreb''thaig <section end="209a-sga"/> <section begin="209b-sga"/>{{smaller block|P. 209b}}{{fnb|1}}''geni''tiu ''chin''tig {{gap}} {{fnb|2}}''g''enitiu ''ait''rebthaig {{gap}} {{fnb|3}}.i. c''um'' {{gap}} {{fnb|3a}}ꝉ si accipiant''ur'' t''ame''n no''mi''nati''uos'' ha''beant'' .i. ''camaiph thech''tait<ref>The aspiration is strange. Is it due to ''camaiph''?</ref> ''ainm''nidi<ref>.i. über accipiant''ur'', das in der ersten zeile der seite steht, glosse: .i. č; weiter oben am rande ohne ver&shy;weisungs&shy;zeichen: ꝉ si etc., Thurney&shy;sen</ref> {{gap}} {{fnb|4}}.i. ''geni''tiu ''chin''tig .i. sui&nbsp;· {{gap}} {{fnb|5}}''g''enitiu ''ait''rebthaig .i. sui .i. ''indái foṡodin'' {{gap}} {{fnb|6}}''dond ainmnid no biad''<ref>MS. ''no bia''</ref> ''do'' ṡvi {{gap}} {{fnb|7}}.i. ''combad'' ·&nbsp;si&nbsp;· ap''ud'' nos {{gap}} {{fnb|8}}''air dosoat eol''dai ''tinf''ed ''i''n''digaim'' {{gap}} {{fnb|9}}.i. ''i''n''sin'' {{gap}} {{fnb|10}}[in marg.] Aliud p''ro''no''men'' .i. ''is allail''<ref>rectius ''alaill''</ref> p''ro''no''men aní sin fri''sui&nbsp;· .i. ''an'' ·&nbsp;is&nbsp;· ''hísin''&nbsp;· quod propterea puto .i. ''iss''ed ''domuinur&shy;sa ol p''ri''scien iss''ed ''dorigéni'' p''ro''no''men ṅatár&shy;cadach di'' ·&nbsp;is&nbsp;· ''anisin uare''<ref>MS. ''óre with ''va'' written over ''ó''.</ref> ''is ó''<ref>MS. ''o'', which Ascoli prints as if it were Greek or Latin</ref> p''ro''no''men atár&shy;cadach atá la græcu''&nbsp;·&nbsp;˘ <section end="209b-sga"/> <section begin="209a-en"/>{{smaller block|P. 209a}}1. not that the action or the passion is in ''sui'' or in its oblique cases, but through it action or passion is ascribed to some one. {{gap}} 2. in ''sui'' with its cases. {{gap}} 3. i.e. that cannot be in the nomi&shy;native. {{gap}} 5. i.e. the word ''inter&shy;fecit''. {{gap}} 6. which they (the Latins) had in knowledge and guidance. {{gap}} 7. or i.e. a genitive of the finite, i.e. ''mei'' mine. {{gap}} 8. or a genitive of the pos&shy;sessive. <section end="209a-en"/> <section begin="209b-en"/>{{smaller block|P. 209b}}1. a genitive of the finite. {{gap}} 2. a genitive of the pos&shy;sessive. {{gap}} 3. i.e. however, they have nomi&shy;natives. {{gap}} 4. i.e. a genitive of the finite, i.e. ''sui''. {{gap}} 5. a genitive of the pos&shy;sessive, i.e. ''sui'', i.e. his in ac&shy;cordance with that. {{gap}} 6. to the nomi&shy;native which would be to ''sui''. {{gap}} 7. i.e. with us it would be ''si''. {{gap}} 8. for the Aeolians convert aspi&shy;ration into digamma. {{gap}} 9. i.e. that. {{gap}} 10. i.e. that, to wit, that is another pronoun from ''sui'', to wit that is, ''quod p.&nbsp;p.'', i.e. this is what I think, says Priscian, this is what made an anaphoric pronoun of ''is'', because it is (derived) from an anaphoric pronoun ({{grc|ἵ}}) which the Greeks have. <section end="209b-en"/><noinclude>{{smallrefs|columns=2}}</noinclude> jl1ln0re6vn9ktti02f887ya96xws8t 104 260785 1335906 846782 2026-04-26T17:04:44Z Mahagaja 1972 /* Proofread */ 1335906 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Mahagaja" />{{rh|§ 237. 238.]|Nasalierung des Anlauts.|147}}</noinclude>''ndǽ'' Ml&nbsp;54&#8239;d&#8239;3, ''áes ṅésci'' ‘das Alter des Monds’ Karlsr. Beda 31&#8239;c&#8239;8. Selten steht der Nasal am Ende des ersten Worts, fast nur in solchen Fällen, wo gewöhn&shy;lich überhaupt keine Wort&shy;trennung statt&shy;findet, z.&#8239;B. ''innan ule'' ‘aller’ Ml&nbsp;90&#8239;c&#8239;27 für gewöhn&shy;liches ''innanule''. In dieser Grammatik schließen wir uns dem häufigsten Brauch an, trennen aber den Nasal durch einen Binde&shy;strich: ''n‑dé''. Vor das (nur graphische) ''h'' vor Vokalen (§&nbsp;{{HAI§|23}}) vermeiden viele Schreiber ein ''n'' zu setzen, z.&#8239;B. ''dochum hirisse'' ‘zum Glauben’ Wb&nbsp;10&#8239;d&#8239;36 neben ''dochum n‑irisse'' 11&#8239;b&#8239;22. {{section|p238|'''238.'''}} Die Nasalierung tritt in folgenden Fällen auf. Doch ist zu beachten, daß der Nasal, wo er zwischen zwei Kon&shy;sonanten zu stehen käme, öfter fehlt als in anderer Lage. Das rührt daher, daß er im Innern gewisser Kon&shy;sonanten&shy;gruppen regel&shy;recht ges&shy;chwunden war (§&nbsp;{{HAI§|178}}). A. Hinter {{sp|2=0.1em|Deklinazionsformen.}} Hier ist in der älteren Zeit die Nasalierung auf haupt&shy;tonigen Anlaut be&shy;schränkt (außer hinter ''a'' ‘das, was’ und ‘indem’ §&nbsp;{{HAI§|466}}). Erst in den jüngern Glossen tritt sie hie und da bei prokli&shy;tischen Wörtern ein, z.&#8239;B. ''bec ṅ‑di ulc'' ‘ein wenig Übel’ Ml&nbsp;46&#8239;a&#8239;1, ''trisin n‑oipred ṅ‑do·gniat'' ‘durch das Werk, das sie tun’ 42&#8239;c&#8239;2. Beispielsammlung ZfCP 5,1 ff. 1. Hinter dem Asg und Gpl aller Geschlechter und hinter dem Nsg des Neutrums. Eine Ausnahme machen nur die Neutra ''alaill'' (§&nbsp;{{HAI§|232}},7) und ''na'' ‘irgendein’ §&nbsp;{{HAI§|242}},2 (ver&shy;mutlich, doch ohne sicheren Beleg, auch ''aill'' und ''ní''), ''ced cid'' ‘welches?’ (ver&shy;mutlich ''ed'' ‘es’ §&nbsp;{{HAI§|447}}) und das in&shy;figierte Personal&shy;pronomen der III sg §&nbsp;{{HAI§|232}},8. Dagegen nasa&shy;lieren durch ana&shy;logische Über&shy;tragung auch Neutra, die nicht zu den ''o-'' oder ''n''‑Stämmen gehören, also ursprüng&shy;lich kein ''‑n'' haben, z.&#8239;B. ''mind n‑ab&shy;stalacte'' ‘das Abzeichen des Apostel&shy;tums’ Wb&nbsp;20&#8239;d&#8239;6 (''mind'' wohl ''n''‑Stamm), ''inmain n‑ainm'' ‘wert der Name’ SP (''inmain'' ''i''‑Stamm). Für den Vokativ des Neutrums fehlen Beispiele. {{nop}}<noinclude>{{right|{{xx-smaller|10*}}|2em}}</noinclude> o6bvxphwndcf0gpw04xndc6hcvw6mzg 0 372245 1335914 1108060 2026-04-26T22:07:44Z ~2026-25686-55 964051 1335914 wikitext text/x-wiki <div style="font-family:serif"> {{header | title = [[../]] | author = | translator = Stephen Liegeard | section = Larmes d’un Pere | contributor = Pedro segundo | previous = 1 | next = [[Poesias de Dom Pedro II/3|3]] | notes = }} <pages index="Poesias de Dom Pedro II.pdf" include=16 /> {{translation license | original = {{PD-old}} | translation = {{PD-old-70}} }} [[Category:Francais]] [[Category:Translations]] </div> 8ve7h7j1x9jcq3kb6q42qnsrty9cav4 0 404987 1335889 1335013 2026-04-26T15:34:59Z Mahagaja 1972 1335889 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = [[Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus]], [[Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus/Volume II|Volume II]] | author = | override_author = [[w:Whitley Stokes|Whitley Stokes]] and [[w:John Strachan (linguist)|John Strachan]], eds. | year = 1903 | section = St. Gall Glosses on Priscian | previous = [[Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus/St. Gall Glosses on Priscian|St. Gall Glosses on Priscian, part 1]] | next = [[Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus/Glosses part 2|Glosses part 2]] | notes = }} <div style="margin-left:4em"> {| | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=183 onlysection="94a-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|w50|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=183 onlysection="94a-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=183 onlysection="94a-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=183 onlysection="94b-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=183 onlysection="94b-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=183 onlysection="94b-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus 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onlysection="198a-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=236 to=237 onlysection="198a-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=238 onlysection="198b-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=238 onlysection="198b-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=238 onlysection="198b-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=238 to=239 onlysection="199a-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=238 to=239 onlysection="199a-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=238 to=239 onlysection="199a-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=239 onlysection="199b-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=239 onlysection="199b-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=239 onlysection="199b-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=240 onlysection="200a-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=240 onlysection="200a-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=240 onlysection="200a-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=241 to=242 onlysection="200b-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=241 to=242 onlysection="200b-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=241 to=242 onlysection="200b-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=242 onlysection="201a-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=242 onlysection="201a-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=242 onlysection="201a-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=242 to=243 onlysection="201b-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=242 to=243 onlysection="201b-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=242 to=243 onlysection="201b-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=244 onlysection="202a-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=244 onlysection="202a-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=244 onlysection="202a-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=244 to=245 onlysection="202b-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=244 to=245 onlysection="202b-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=244 to=245 onlysection="202b-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=245 to=246 onlysection="203a-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=245 to=246 onlysection="203a-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=245 to=246 onlysection="203a-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=246 to=247 onlysection="203b-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=246 to=247 onlysection="203b-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=246 to=247 onlysection="203b-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=247 to=248 onlysection="204a-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=247 to=248 onlysection="204a-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=247 to=248 onlysection="204a-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=248 onlysection="204b-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=248 onlysection="204b-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=248 onlysection="204b-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=248 to=249 onlysection="205a-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=248 to=249 onlysection="205a-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=248 to=249 onlysection="205a-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=249 onlysection="205b-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=249 onlysection="205b-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=249 onlysection="205b-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=249 onlysection="206a-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=249 onlysection="206a-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=249 onlysection="206a-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=249 to=250 onlysection="206b-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=249 to=250 onlysection="206b-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=249 to=250 onlysection="206b-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=250 onlysection="207a-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=250 onlysection="207a-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=250 onlysection="207a-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=250 to=251 onlysection="207b-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=250 to=251 onlysection="207b-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=250 to=251 onlysection="207b-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=252 onlysection="208a-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=252 onlysection="208a-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" include=252 onlysection="208a-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=252 to=253 onlysection="208b-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=252 to=253 onlysection="208b-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=252 to=253 onlysection="208b-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=253 to=254 onlysection="209a-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=253 to=254 onlysection="209a-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=253 to=254 onlysection="209a-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |- | colspan=2 | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=254 to=256 onlysection="209b-la" /> |-valign=top |{{ts|pr1}} | <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=254 to=256 onlysection="209b-sga" /> || <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=254 to=256 onlysection="209b-en" /> |- | colspan=2 | {{smallrefs}} |} <pages index="Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus 2.djvu" from=255 to=270 /> ;Notes {{smallrefs|columns=3}} </div> [[Category:Sean-Ghaeilge]] fz0fmp25r8y2e9t81zcoe60bmaq1its 828 439651 1335885 1331958 2026-04-26T15:01:56Z Catonif 622571 collapse whitespace 1335885 Scribunto text/plain --[[ A pure-Lua XML parser for Wikisource, for the TEI XML formatter. A simplified of XML is supported. The DTD can only do custom entities and cannot reference to an external file. The returned Lua table may seem cluttered, with children, attributes and fundamental characteristics of a node (tag, parent) mixed together. Separating them into different tables would make a file hit the MediaWiki Lua memory limit about twice as fast. --]] local p = {} -- Check if there is unrecognised non-whitespace content where there should not be local function assert_unprocessed(str, err_msg) if str:find('%S') then error(err_msg..'\nUprocessed: "'..str:gsub('^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1')..'"') end end -- Replaces all entitites in a given string local function replace_entities(str, entities) return str:gsub('&([%w_]+);', entities) end -- Formats attributes in the key="value" syntax into a table local function process_attributes(attributes, node, err_msg) assert_unprocessed(attributes:gsub('([%w:_%-]+)%s*=%s*(["\'])(.-)%2', function(attr_name, _, attr_value) node[attr_name] = attr_value return '' end), err_msg) end -- Returns a table containing `root` with the DOM and `instructions` with the processing instructions function p.parse(str) -- Strip comments. Known issue is that this allows false positives such as -- < <!-- comment --> tag > -- which is not compliant to XML guidelines. str = str:gsub('<!%-%-.-%-%->', '') -- Collapse whitespace, to avoid it being parsed in weird ways as wikitext. We could add the option -- to preserve whitespace if there is convincing need, but I would argue against using whitespace -- semantically in any way, as far as TEI is concerned. str = str:gsub('%s+', ' ') -- Handle processing instruction local instructions = {} str = str:gsub('%s*<%?(.-)%?>%s*', function (instruction) local name = instruction:match('%S+') if not name then error('Invalid processing instruction') end instructions[name] = {} process_attributes(instruction:gsub('^%s*%S+', ''), instructions[name], 'Invalid processing instruction') return '' end) -- Collect entity declarations local root_tag, internal_subset, rest = str:match('^%s*<!DOCTYPE%s+(%S+)%s*%[(.-)%]>%s*(.*)$') if internal_subset then -- Parse entity definitions inside the DOCTYPE subset local entities = {} -- Check that no stray characters exist in subset after stripping the <!ENTITY ... > blocks assert_unprocessed(internal_subset:gsub('<!ENTITY%s+([_%w]+)%s+"(.-)"%s*>', function(name, value) -- Expand entities recursively if needed entities[name] = replace_entities(value, entities) return '' end), 'Only <!ENTITY ... > is supported inside the DTD internal subset') -- Replace entities str = replace_entities(rest, entities) end local pos = 1 -- Virtual root local root = { } local node = root while true do local start, stop, start_slash, tag_name, attributes, end_slash = str:find('<%s*(/?)%s*([%w:_%-]+)(.-)(/?)%s*>', pos) if not start then break end -- Text before tag if pos < start then table.insert(node, { _content = str:sub(pos, start - 1), _parent = node, _index = #node + 1, }) end if start_slash == '' then -- Opening tag local new_node = { _tag = tag_name, _parent = node, _index = #node + 1, } -- Process attributes process_attributes(attributes, new_node, 'Extraneous characters inside opening tag <'..tag_name..'>') table.insert(node, new_node) -- Go down the hierarchy unless self-closing if end_slash ~= '/' then node = new_node end else -- Closing tag if node._tag ~= tag_name then error('Mismatched </'..tag_name..'>, expected </'..node._tag..'>') elseif end_slash ~= '' then error('Unexpected slash at the end of a closing tag </'..tag_name..'>') end assert_unprocessed(attributes, 'Extraneous characters inside closing tag </'..tag_name..'>') -- Go up the hierarchy node = node._parent end pos = stop + 1 end -- Check if all tags were closed. if node ~= root then error('Expected closing tag </'..node._tag..'>') end -- Check if there is any content outside of root tag. if #root ~= 1 then -- The case in which the second child is a whitespace string can be easily handled. if #root == 2 and root[2]._content and not root[2]._content:find('%S') then table.remove(root, 2) else error('All content should be contained in a single root element') end end root = root[1] -- Check if there is any content after what has been processed. assert_unprocessed(str:sub(pos), 'Extraneous content after root') -- Check if the doctype contains the correct tag. if root_tag and (root._tag ~= root_tag) then error('DTD does not match root tag') end return { root = root, instructions = instructions, } end return p axwu0cr548jcgw2eav2hfor4l3sf8ws 828 439652 1335891 1334801 2026-04-26T15:49:25Z Catonif 622571 rm metadata, rely on the wikitext syntax, zoti më ndihmoftë 1335891 Scribunto text/plain local p = {} local apply_formatter local function format_children(node, rules) local ret = "" for k, v in ipairs(node) do ret = ret .. (apply_formatter(v, rules) or "") end return ret end local function format_tag(node, rules, inside, tag, attributes) local ret = '<'..tag local class_prefix = 'tei-'..rules._info.css_id..'-' if not attributes then ret = ret..' class="'..class_prefix..node._tag..'"' else attributes.class = ((attributes.class or '')..' '..node._tag):gsub('%S+', function(class) return class_prefix..class end) for k, v in pairs(attributes) do ret = ret..' '..k..'="'..v..'"' end end return ret ..'>' .. inside .. "</"..tag..">" end local function dissolve(formatter, node, inner) if type(formatter) == "function" then return formatter(node, inner) else return formatter end end local function retrieve_formatter(node, rules) if node._content then return rules._text end return rules[node._tag] or rules._default end apply_formatter = function (node, rules) local formatter = retrieve_formatter(node, rules) if type(formatter) ~= 'table' then return dissolve(formatter, node, format_children(node, rules)) -- Do not display the node at all nor its children elseif formatter.hide then return nil -- Simply display its children, without any tags or further formatting elseif formatter.ignore then return format_children(node, rules) else -- Format children local ret = format_children(node, rules) -- Call the text function if formatter.text then ret = dissolve(formatter.text, node, ret) end -- Handle attributes local attributes if formatter.attributes then attributes = {} for k, v in pairs(formatter.attributes) do attributes[k] = dissolve(v, node) end formatter.tag = formatter.tag or 'span' end if formatter.tag then ret = format_tag(node, rules, ret, dissolve(formatter.tag, node), attributes) end return ret end end local XML_PREFIX = 'TEI/' local CSS_PREFIX = 'Module:TEI/' local LUA_PREFIX = 'Module:TEI/' function p.test(frame) local xml_page = 'Fare i ri ëvetar shqip' -- TODO: temporary local xml_text = mw.title.new(XML_PREFIX..xml_page):getContent() local xml_dom = require('Module:XML').parse(xml_text) local root = xml_dom.root local transformer_node = xml_dom.instructions['tei-transformer'] assert(transformer_node and transformer_node.page, 'Missing processing instruction <?tei-transformer page="..."?>') transformer_node.page = 'Fare i ri ëvetar shqip' -- TODO: temporary local stylesheet = xml_dom.instructions['tei-stylesheet'] assert(stylesheet and stylesheet.page, 'Missing processing instruction <?tei-stylesheet page="..."?>') stylesheet.page = 'Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/styles.css' -- TODO: temporary local ret = frame:extensionTag { name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = CSS_PREFIX..stylesheet.page }, }..'<div id="tei-container">' local transformer = require(LUA_PREFIX..transformer_node.page) assert(transformer.rules, 'Missing rules in transformer') for k, rules in ipairs(transformer.rules) do ret = ret ..'<div class="tei-column-content" id="tei-column-'..k..'" title="'..rules._info.name..'">' ..apply_formatter(root, rules) ..'</div>' end return ret..'</div>' end return p n6uqqv9g1o54l55rrjuj42qlen6ximc 1335899 1335891 2026-04-26T16:27:20Z Catonif 622571 use proper template syntax 1335899 Scribunto text/plain local p = {} local apply_formatter local function format_children(node, rules) local ret = "" for k, v in ipairs(node) do ret = ret .. (apply_formatter(v, rules) or "") end return ret end local function format_tag(node, rules, inside, tag, attributes) local ret = '<'..tag local class_prefix = 'tei-'..rules._info.css_id..'-' if not attributes then ret = ret..' class="'..class_prefix..node._tag..'"' else attributes.class = ((attributes.class or '')..' '..node._tag):gsub('%S+', function(class) return class_prefix..class end) for k, v in pairs(attributes) do ret = ret..' '..k..'="'..v..'"' end end return ret ..'>' .. inside .. "</"..tag..">" end local function dissolve(formatter, node, inner) if type(formatter) == "function" then return formatter(node, inner) else return formatter end end local function retrieve_formatter(node, rules) if node._content then return rules._text end return rules[node._tag] or rules._default end apply_formatter = function (node, rules) local formatter = retrieve_formatter(node, rules) if type(formatter) ~= 'table' then return dissolve(formatter, node, format_children(node, rules)) -- Do not display the node at all nor its children elseif formatter.hide then return nil -- Simply display its children, without any tags or further formatting elseif formatter.ignore then return format_children(node, rules) else -- Format children local ret = format_children(node, rules) -- Call the text function if formatter.text then ret = dissolve(formatter.text, node, ret) end -- Handle attributes local attributes if formatter.attributes then attributes = {} for k, v in pairs(formatter.attributes) do attributes[k] = dissolve(v, node) end formatter.tag = formatter.tag or 'span' end if formatter.tag then ret = format_tag(node, rules, ret, dissolve(formatter.tag, node), attributes) end return ret end end local XML_PREFIX = 'TEI/' local CSS_PREFIX = 'Module:TEI/' local LUA_PREFIX = 'Module:TEI/' function p.show(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local default = args[1] or mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text local xml_page = args.xml or default local lua_page = args.lua or default local css_page = args.css or (default .. '/style.css') -- Load and parse the XML. local xml_dom = require('Module:XML').parse(mw.title.new(XML_PREFIX..xml_page):getContent()) local root = xml_dom.root -- Load and inject the stylesheet. local ret = frame:extensionTag { name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = CSS_PREFIX..css_page }, }..'<div id="tei-container">' -- Load and apply the transformer. local transformer = require(LUA_PREFIX..lua_page) assert(transformer.rules, 'Missing rules in transformer') for k, rules in ipairs(transformer.rules) do ret = ret ..'<div class="tei-column-content" id="tei-column-'..k..'" title="'..rules._info.name..'">' ..apply_formatter(root, rules) ..'</div>' end return ret..'</div>' end return p 0jeble6vh3vr4ug2mvmwep0ivgodk9a 1335997 1335899 2026-04-27T11:53:48Z Catonif 622571 add master div 1335997 Scribunto text/plain local p = {} local apply_formatter local function format_children(node, rules) local ret = "" for k, v in ipairs(node) do ret = ret .. (apply_formatter(v, rules) or "") end return ret end local function format_tag(node, rules, inside, tag, attributes) local ret = '<'..tag local class_prefix = 'tei-'..rules._info.css_id..'-' if not attributes then ret = ret..' class="'..class_prefix..node._tag..'"' else attributes.class = ((attributes.class or '')..' '..node._tag):gsub('%S+', function(class) return class_prefix..class end) for k, v in pairs(attributes) do ret = ret..' '..k..'="'..v..'"' end end return ret ..'>' .. inside .. "</"..tag..">" end local function dissolve(formatter, node, inner) if type(formatter) == "function" then return formatter(node, inner) else return formatter end end local function retrieve_formatter(node, rules) if node._content then return rules._text end return rules[node._tag] or rules._default end apply_formatter = function (node, rules) local formatter = retrieve_formatter(node, rules) if type(formatter) ~= 'table' then return dissolve(formatter, node, format_children(node, rules)) -- Do not display the node at all nor its children elseif formatter.hide then return nil -- Simply display its children, without any tags or further formatting elseif formatter.ignore then return format_children(node, rules) else -- Format children local ret = format_children(node, rules) -- Call the text function if formatter.text then ret = dissolve(formatter.text, node, ret) end -- Handle attributes local attributes if formatter.attributes then attributes = {} for k, v in pairs(formatter.attributes) do attributes[k] = dissolve(v, node) end formatter.tag = formatter.tag or 'span' end if formatter.tag then ret = format_tag(node, rules, ret, dissolve(formatter.tag, node), attributes) end return ret end end local XML_PREFIX = 'TEI/' local CSS_PREFIX = 'Module:TEI/' local LUA_PREFIX = 'Module:TEI/' function p.show(frame) local args = frame:getParent().args local default = args[1] or mw.title.getCurrentTitle().text local xml_page = args.xml or default local lua_page = args.lua or default local css_page = args.css or (default .. '/style.css') -- Load and parse the XML. local xml_dom = require('Module:XML').parse(mw.title.new(XML_PREFIX..xml_page):getContent()) local root = xml_dom.root -- Load and inject the stylesheet. local ret = frame:extensionTag { name = 'templatestyles', args = { src = CSS_PREFIX..css_page }, }..'<div id="tei-container">' -- Load and apply the transformer. local transformer = require(LUA_PREFIX..lua_page) assert(transformer.rules, 'Missing rules in transformer') for k, rules in ipairs(transformer.rules) do ret = ret ..'<div class="tei-column-content" id="tei-column-'..k..'" title="'..rules._info.name..'">' ..'<div class="tei-'..rules._info.css_id..'-MASTER">' ..apply_formatter(root, rules) ..'</div>' ..'</div>' end return ret..'</div>' end return p 9wh4zsya6vvyc6h7cekk8u6c6h3w6je 104 442250 1335955 1320098 2026-04-27T07:23:11Z Diahasy 636804 1335955 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Kjezhy2320" /></noinclude><center>-48-</center> mengatakan soekoornja hati. Hal Ini soedah ada terbitken kaheranan besar di hatinja {{sc|Khongtjoe}} poonja moorid-moorid, tapi kaberanan itoe djadi bertambah lagi, tempo moerid-moerid itoe melihat, bahoowa heras itoe katjoewali saka roong jang {{sc|Khongtjoe}} ambil aken diri sendiri samoewa dibriken kapada orang-orang desa di sapoetar tampat itoo. Tempo orang tanjaken sebabnja iju poenja kalakoein dan perborwatan itoe, Kuosarzon menjaboet, bahoowa kalse ja tiada tampik, hanja soodah mace trima itoe pembrian dari itoe orang haja jang tiada ternama baik dan telah brikon pembrian itoe kapadanja molinken dongan lantaran hati tinggi dan napsoe aken menjakapin, itoolah soedah ada tjoekoep akon ija (KaosorJon) moujatakon suskoeruja hati pada orang iton, dan dengan lantaran membagiken samoowa berns itoe kapada orang-orang jang ada di dalam kamelaratan, ija hen dak membri adjaran pada itoe orang kaja, tjara bagimana dija ini hazoes berlakoo dengan kakajaäunja di dalam tempo ada kasoosahan bortjaboel, sedang jja (si kaja), dongan pake hati keras, maoe tambah-tambahi sudja kakajaännja itoe dengan lantaran memberati pada orang-orang tanahuja. </br> Di belakang kali, tiada berselang lama dari itoe tempo, {{sc|Khongtjoe}} dapat trima atoe bingkisan kotjil-adanja bebrapa koowe, terbikin dengan tepueng kasarjang diantarken padanja oleh saorang miskin, aken tandanja tjinta hati; {{sc|Khongtjoe}} trima antaran itoo dengan hormat dan soekoer, seperti harang iton soewatoe pembeian besar lagi satoe radja, kerna toeroet katanja {{sc|Khongtjoe}}-satoe bingkisan tiada boleh dihargai dengan menoeroet (ja poenja harga emas, banja misti dihargai dengan menimbangi rasa hatinja orang jang membriken itoe. [[category : Betawi]] [[category : Wikimaèn]] [[category : WikiGèmblènЋgPègiKolaan]]<noinclude></noinclude> m9b6s0n99r5peaodb1ptaphkqyepqix 104 442261 1335957 1320111 2026-04-27T07:25:25Z Diahasy 636804 1335957 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Bangamatzy" /></noinclude><center> — 49 — </center> „Segala pengadjaran jang akoe briken kapadamoe, itoelah boleh djoega kaoe dapatken sendiri, kaloe sadja kaoe.goenaken betoel-betoel kaoe poenja pikiran. Tida satoe apa ada lebih toeloes dan lebih sederhana dari pada pokonja atoeran adab, jang menerbitken adjaran-adjaran baik, jang mana akoe hendak masoekken ka dalam ingatan kaoe. Apa jang akoe toetoerken kapadamoe, itoelah telah dilakoeken dan diadjarken oleh orang-orang boediman jang telah ada lebih doeloe dari pada kita, dan ringkasnja peladjaran itoe, jang ada terdjoendjoeng oleh samoewa orang di djeman koeno, ada djadi pe­ladjaran ini: 1. aken mendjoendjoeng tiga titah jang djadi pokonja atoeran adab di dalam hal perhoeboengan antara radja dan rahajat, antara bapa dan anak, dan antara laki dan istri ; 2 aken melakoeken dengan tertib lima poko kabedjikan, jang kaloe sadja kaoe dengar namanja, lantaslah djoega kaoe beringat pada moeljanja itoe, dan kaoe djadi merasa betoel-betoel, bahoewa haroes sekali orang lakoeken itoe samoewa. Adanja lima poko itoe: 1. piloenja hati, jaitoelah katjintaän pada sekalian machloek sasama kita, dengan tida membedaken satoe dari lain ; 2. kaädilan, jang — dengan tida memandang pada jang satoe lebih dari pada jang lain — membriken kapada sasoewatoe machloek sasama kita, apa jang djadi miliknja machloek itoe ; 3. hal mengindahi agama dan adat-lembaga jang berlakoe, soepaja samoewa orang, jang ada hidoep bersama-sama, boleh mempoenjai saroepa sadja pri kahidoepai. _cin boleh bersama-sama merasai' kasenangan, demikianlah djoega kasoekaran jang terbit dari pada pri itoe; 4. kabenaran, jaitoe sifatnja roh dan hati beresih, jang mendjadi lantaran aken orang tjari-tjari apa jang benar, dan di dalam segala perkara poen merasa ingin kapada itoe, dengan tiada menipoe atawa membodoïn diri sendiri atawa lain orang; 5. katoeloesan atawa kasatiaän, jaitoe sifat hati jang teroes {{right|4}} [[category:Betawi]] [[category:WikiMaèn]] [[category:WikiGemblèngPegiKolaan]]<noinclude></noinclude> em7819phzt8v4tfhtc04qt0b2babapb 104 442291 1335959 1320182 2026-04-27T07:29:21Z Diahasy 636804 1335959 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Rujakmatcha" /></noinclude><center>50</center> terang dan djoedjoer, jang tiada mengenal hal poera-poera dan hal menjaroe atawa memake topeng, baik di dalam bitjara, baik di dalam kalakoean. Tah, itoelah jang telah djadi lan­taran, maka goeroe-goeroe kita jang pertama itoe, saöemoernja hidoep, sanantiasa ada terdjoendjoeng, dan pada sasoedahnja wafat, namanja tida terhilang dari ingatan orang. Biarlah kita ambil marika itoe aken djadi toeladan, dan kita goenaken segala daja-oepaja aken menoeroet kalakoeännja."</br> Di dalam temponja tiada mendjabat kerdjaän negri, {{sc|Khongtjoe}} ada dapat kabar terang, bahoewa satoe ponggawa besar, jang berpangkat tajhoe di dalam karadjaän TJEE, TIEN SIANG namanja, ada niatan aken djatohken radjanja sendiri dari atas tachta, laloe mengangkat diri sendiri mendjadi radja; aken tetapi ya ada merasa takoet sama radja negri Louw, jang didoega olehnja brangkali nanti membri toeloengan pada itoe radja jang bakal didjatohken; dan dari sebab bagitoe, TIEN SIANG itoe telah mengatoer daja-oepaja aken tangkap radja Louw itoe dengan djalan hianat. Sa­telah dengar hal itoe, lantaslah djoega {{sc|Khongtjoe}} titahken satoe moerid, jang terpilih olehnja, pergi kapada sekalian pembesar di watas karadjaän dan bri taoe pada marika ini hal adanja TIEN SIANG poenja niatan djahat. Kerna pertjaja pada itoe warta jang dikirimken oleh {{sc|Khongtjoe}}, sekalian pembesar itoe lantas berdandan dan membri sendjata pada orang-orang sabawahannja, hingga perkaranja TIEN SIANG itoe djadi terbalik; kerna sedang dija ini hendak menjerang, dija diserang orang dan misti melawan aken toeloengi diri sendiri.</br> Maskipoen {{sc|Khongtjoe}} telah bekerdja di dalam perkara itoe dengan pernahken dirinja di sabelah belakang, tiadalah loepoet dikataken djoega oleh segala orang, bahoewa dijalah [[category:Betawi]] [[category:WikiMaenè]] [[category:WikiGemblèngPegiKolaan]]<noinclude></noinclude> cb6ctulip3c7c5d6rtimj7buxqnz7au 104 448272 1335909 1333487 2026-04-26T18:05:46Z Cwrwgl 937938 1335909 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Cwrwgl" /></noinclude>{{c| == CONTENTS. == }} <div style="max-width: 500px; margin: 0 auto;"> {| width="100%" |- | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/Note to First Edition|Note to First Edition]] || align="right" | 3 |- | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/Note to This Edition|Note to This Edition]] || align="right" | 3 |- | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/Introduction by Professor Blackie|Introduction by Professor Blackie]] || align="right" | 5 |- | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/Gaelic Pronunciation|Gaelic Pronunciation]] || align="right" | 11 |- | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/The Storm—An Doinionn|The Storm—An Doinionn]] || align="right" | 15 |- | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/Farming—Tuathanachas|Farming — Tuathanachas]] || align="right" | 17 |- | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/Sea-Fishing—Iasgach air a' Mhuir|Sea-Fishing—Iasgach air a' Mhuir]] || align="right" | 20 |- | A Day—Là, |- | style="padding-left: 1em;" | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/The Morning—A' Mhaduinn|The Morning—A' Mhaduinn]] || align="right" | 23 |- | style="padding-left: 1em;" | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/Breakfast—A' Bhraiceas|Breakfast—A' Bhraiceas]] || align="right" | 24 |- | style="padding-left: 1em;" | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/Dinner—An Dinneir|Dinner—An Dinneir]] || align="right" | 25 |- | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/The Wedding—A' Bhanais|The Wedding—A' Bhanais]] || align="right" | 27 |- | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/The Oban Highland Gathering|The Oban Highland Gathering]] || align="right" | 30 |- | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/The Town—Am Baile,|The Town—Am Baile,]] || align="right" | 34 |- | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/The Town—Am Baile,|The Town—Am Baile,]] || align="right" | 36 |- | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/A Fishing Excursion—Turus-Iasgaich,|A Fishing Excursion—Turus-Iasgaich,]] || align="right" | 41 |- | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/Deer-Stalking—Sealg nam Fiadh,|Deer-Stalking—Sealg nam Fiadh,]] || align="right" | 46 |- | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/The Queen and Royal Family—A' Bhan-Rìghinn 's an Teagldach Rìlgheil,|The Queen and Royal Family—A' Bhan-Rìghinn 's an Teagldach Rìlgheil,]] || align="right" | 51 |- | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/Gaelic—A' Ghàidhlig,|Gaelic—A' Ghàidhlig,]] || align="right" | 57 |- | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/Gaelic Books—Leabhraichean Gàidhlig,|Gaelic Books—Leabhraichean Gàidhlig,]] || align="right" | 63 |- | [[Conversations in Gaelic and English/Gaelic Books—Leabhraichean Gàidhlig,|Gaelic Books—Leabhraichean Gàidhlig,]] || align="right" | 67 |} </div><noinclude></noinclude> 2tjj9miazt4y5gos5sh5ynpr1p0ttef 0 448290 1335981 1334795 2026-04-27T11:36:46Z Catonif 622571 split in subfiles 1335981 text text/plain <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"> <teiHeader> <fileDesc> <titleStmt> <title>Fare i ri ëvetar shqip</title> <author>Naum Veqilharxhi</author> </titleStmt> <publicationStmt> <p>Encoded in TEI XML for Wikisource.</p> </publicationStmt> <sourceDesc> <p>Scan pictures are from Wikimedia Commons https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Veqilharxhi_-_%C3%8Bvetar_(1845).djvu, under public domain, see there for further origin.</p> </sourceDesc> </fileDesc> <profileDesc> <creation> <date when="1845">1845</date> <rs type="city">Vithkuq</rs> </creation> <langUsage> <language ident="sq">Albanian, Northern Tosk dialect</language> <language ident="el">Greek, in glosses</language> </langUsage> </profileDesc> </teiHeader> <text xml:lang="sq"> <front> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/01.xml"/> </front> <body> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/02.xml"/> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/03.xml"/> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/04.xml"/> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/05.xml"/> <!-- ... pages still to be transcribed ... --> </body> </text> </TEI> kd53k1f5u6ktud90pqz8nkjdiix5xss 1335982 1335981 2026-04-27T11:37:59Z Catonif 622571 Catonif moved page [[TEI/Fare i ri ëvetar shqip]] to [[TEI/Fare i ri ëvetar shqip.xml]] without leaving a redirect 1335981 text text/plain <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"> <teiHeader> <fileDesc> <titleStmt> <title>Fare i ri ëvetar shqip</title> <author>Naum Veqilharxhi</author> </titleStmt> <publicationStmt> <p>Encoded in TEI XML for Wikisource.</p> </publicationStmt> <sourceDesc> <p>Scan pictures are from Wikimedia Commons https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Veqilharxhi_-_%C3%8Bvetar_(1845).djvu, under public domain, see there for further origin.</p> </sourceDesc> </fileDesc> <profileDesc> <creation> <date when="1845">1845</date> <rs type="city">Vithkuq</rs> </creation> <langUsage> <language ident="sq">Albanian, Northern Tosk dialect</language> <language ident="el">Greek, in glosses</language> </langUsage> </profileDesc> </teiHeader> <text xml:lang="sq"> <front> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/01.xml"/> </front> <body> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/02.xml"/> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/03.xml"/> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/04.xml"/> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/05.xml"/> <!-- ... pages still to be transcribed ... --> </body> </text> </TEI> kd53k1f5u6ktud90pqz8nkjdiix5xss 1335983 1335982 2026-04-27T11:38:15Z Catonif 622571 Catonif moved page [[TEI/Fare i ri ëvetar shqip.xml]] to [[TEI/Fare i ri ëvetar shqip]] without leaving a redirect 1335981 text text/plain <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"> <teiHeader> <fileDesc> <titleStmt> <title>Fare i ri ëvetar shqip</title> <author>Naum Veqilharxhi</author> </titleStmt> <publicationStmt> <p>Encoded in TEI XML for Wikisource.</p> </publicationStmt> <sourceDesc> <p>Scan pictures are from Wikimedia Commons https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Veqilharxhi_-_%C3%8Bvetar_(1845).djvu, under public domain, see there for further origin.</p> </sourceDesc> </fileDesc> <profileDesc> <creation> <date when="1845">1845</date> <rs type="city">Vithkuq</rs> </creation> <langUsage> <language ident="sq">Albanian, Northern Tosk dialect</language> <language ident="el">Greek, in glosses</language> </langUsage> </profileDesc> </teiHeader> <text xml:lang="sq"> <front> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/01.xml"/> </front> <body> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/02.xml"/> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/03.xml"/> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/04.xml"/> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/05.xml"/> <!-- ... pages still to be transcribed ... --> </body> </text> </TEI> kd53k1f5u6ktud90pqz8nkjdiix5xss 1335984 1335983 2026-04-27T11:38:28Z Catonif 622571 get rid of extension .xml 1335984 text text/plain <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"> <teiHeader> <fileDesc> <titleStmt> <title>Fare i ri ëvetar shqip</title> <author>Naum Veqilharxhi</author> </titleStmt> <publicationStmt> <p>Encoded in TEI XML for Wikisource.</p> </publicationStmt> <sourceDesc> <p>Scan pictures are from Wikimedia Commons https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Veqilharxhi_-_%C3%8Bvetar_(1845).djvu, under public domain, see there for further origin.</p> </sourceDesc> </fileDesc> <profileDesc> <creation> <date when="1845">1845</date> <rs type="city">Vithkuq</rs> </creation> <langUsage> <language ident="sq">Albanian, Northern Tosk dialect</language> <language ident="el">Greek, in glosses</language> </langUsage> </profileDesc> </teiHeader> <text xml:lang="sq"> <front> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/01"/> </front> <body> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/02"/> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/03"/> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/04"/> <xi:include href="Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/05"/> <!-- ... pages still to be transcribed ... --> </body> </text> </TEI> 1t5z85bgkncziginbgi1f194374aqac 828 448291 1335996 1334799 2026-04-27T11:48:08Z Catonif 622571 TEI → MASTER 1335996 sanitized-css text/css /* TEXT */ .tei-og-MASTER { font-family: "Noto Serif Vithkuqi", "Noto Sans Vithkuqi", "SBL Greek", "Gentium Plus", serif; margin: 1em; text-align: justify; } .tei-og-titlePage { text-align: center; width: 100%; margin-bottom: 1em; } .tei-og-pb { font-size: x-small; } .tei-og-bibl, .tei-og-signed { text-align: right; width: 100%; } .tei-og-emph { font-size: 1.5em; } .tei-og-head { text-align: center; width: 100%; margin: 2em 0 1em 0; } /* ORIGINAL SCAN */ .tei-scan-pb { width: fit-content; } /* METADATA */ /*.tei-metadata-teiHeader { border: 1px solid var(--border-color-success, #ACA); background-color: var(--background-color-success-subtle, #E6F2E6); color: var(--color-base, #202122); width: 100%; }*/ .tei-metadata-teiHeader { border: 1px solid #ACA; background-color: #E6F2E6; color: #202122; width: 100%; } .tei-metadata-author, .tei-metadata-title, .tei-metadata-date { width: 100%; text-align: center; } .tei-metadata-title { font-size: 1.5em; } 21pk8ffm7mq1frklsigdj2uspd5dtny 8 448294 1335892 1334802 2026-04-26T15:51:38Z Catonif 622571 remove metadata, rely on the built-in HTML tag whitelist 1335892 javascript text/javascript // See [[Wikisource:TEI Gadget]]. const container = document.getElementById('tei-container'); function whole_gadget() { /* RETRIEVE CONTENT */ const formatted_texts = []; const rules_names = []; for (const child of container.childNodes) { formatted_texts.push(child.innerHTML); rules_names.push(child.title); } container.innerHTML = ""; /* END RETRIEVE CONTENT */ /* COLUMNS GUI */ mw.util.addCSS(` #tei-container { display: flex; width: 100%; max-height: 100vh; } .tei-column { position: relative; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: auto; } .tei-column-content { position: relative; } .tei-column-handle { position: absolute; right: -3px; top: 0; width: 6px; height: 100%; cursor: col-resize; background: grey; } .tei-column:last-child .tei-column-handle { display: none; } .tei-column:only-child .tei-remove-column-button { display: none; } `); let startX, leftCol, rightCol, startLeftWidth, startRightWidth; document.addEventListener("resize", fixHandlesHeight); container.addEventListener("mousedown", fixHandlesHeight); container.addEventListener("mousedown", e => { if (!e.target.classList.contains("tei-column-handle")) return; leftCol = e.target.closest(".tei-column"); rightCol = leftCol.nextElementSibling; startX = e.clientX; startLeftWidth = leftCol.offsetWidth; startRightWidth = rightCol.offsetWidth; document.addEventListener("mousemove", resize); document.addEventListener("mouseup", stopResize); }); function resize(e) { fixHandlesHeight(); const dx = e.clientX - startX; const containerWidth = container.offsetWidth; const newLeft = startLeftWidth + dx; const newRight = startRightWidth - dx; if (newLeft < 50 || newRight < 50) return; leftCol.style.flexBasis = (newLeft / containerWidth * 100) + "%"; rightCol.style.flexBasis = (newRight / containerWidth * 100) + "%"; } function stopResize() { document.removeEventListener("mousemove", resize); document.removeEventListener("mouseup", stopResize); } function addColumn() { // Sizable column. const column = document.createElement("div"); column.className = "tei-column"; // Content of the column. const column_content = document.createElement("div"); column_content.className = "tei-column-content"; const column_text = document.createElement("div"); column_text.className = "tei-column-text"; column_content.appendChild(column_text); const handle = document.createElement("div"); handle.className = "tei-column-handle"; column_content.appendChild(handle); const column_input = document.createElement("div"); // Selector. const input_select = document.createElement("select"); input_select.className = "tei-column-rule"; input_select.onchange = () => refreshColumn(input_select, column_text); for (const [key, rule_name] of Object.entries(rules_names)) { const option = document.createElement("option"); option.value = key; option.innerText = rule_name; input_select.appendChild(option); } column_input.appendChild(input_select); // Add column button. const add_column_button = document.createElement("button"); add_column_button.innerHTML = "Add column"; add_column_button.className = "tei-add-column-button"; add_column_button.onclick = addColumn; column_input.appendChild(add_column_button); // Remove column button. const remove_column_buttom = document.createElement("button"); remove_column_buttom.innerHTML = "Remove column"; remove_column_buttom.className = "tei-remove-column-button"; remove_column_buttom.onclick = () => { column.remove(); normalizeWidths(); }; column_input.appendChild(remove_column_buttom); column.appendChild(column_input); column.appendChild(column_content); container.appendChild(column); normalizeWidths(); refreshColumn(input_select, column_text); } function fixHandlesHeight() { for (const col of container.children) { const handle = col.getElementsByClassName("tei-column-handle")[0]; const text = col.getElementsByClassName("tei-column-text")[0]; handle.style.height = text.scrollHeight + 'px'; } } function normalizeWidths() { const cols = [...container.children]; const w = 100 / cols.length; let idx = 0; cols.forEach(col => { col.id = "tei-column-" + idx; col.style.flexBasis = w + "%"; idx++; }); fixHandlesHeight(); } function refreshColumn(col_rule, col_text) { col_text.innerHTML = formatted_texts[col_rule.value]; } addColumn(0); /* COLUMN GUI END */ } /* GADGET STARTER */ if (container) whole_gadget(); 0q49uq4gim0f57d7p45mbez2w7w9ofp 104 448657 1335944 1333828 2026-04-27T06:24:56Z Ceentia 809926 /* Validated */ 1335944 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ceentia" /></noinclude>{{c|Akwụkwọ Inọk}} '''ISI nke 77''' 1. A na-akpokwa nkeji mbu̟ o̟wuwa anyanwu, n'ihi na ọ bụ nke mbu: nke abuo, ndida, n'ihi na Onye Kasi Elu ga- agbadata ebe ahu, ee, n'ebe ahụ n'uzo puru iche Onye a goziri agozi ga-agbadata ruo mgbe ebighị ebi.<br> 2. A na-akpokwa mpaghara odida anyanwu ndi ahụ ndi na- ebelata, n'ihi na ebe ahu ka ihe niile na-enye ihè nke eluigwe na-ebelata ma na-agbada.<br> 3. E kewara akuku nke anọ, nke a kporo ugwu, uzo ato: nke mbụ n'ime ha bu maka ebe obibi umụ mmadụ: nke abu̟o nwekwara oké osimiri mmiri, na abyss na oke ohia na osimiri, na ochichiri na igwe ojii; nke ato nwekwara ubi ezi omume.<br> 4. Ahuru m ugwu asaa di elu, karja ugwu niile di n'uwa: site n'ebe ahu ka oyi na-aputa, ubochi, oge, na afo na-agabigakwa.<br> 5. Ahuru m osimiri asaa n'uwa ka ha buru ibu karja osimiri niile: otu n'ime ha si n'odida anyanwu na-awusa mmiri ya n'ime Oké Osimiri Ukwu.<br> 6. Mmadu abuo a si n'ebe ugwu bịa n'oké osimiri wee wụsa mmiri ha n'Oké Osimiri Erythraean n'owuwa anyanwu.<br> 7. Mmadų ano foduru wee puta n'akukų ugwu gaa n'oké osimiri nke ha, mmadų abuo n'ime ha gawa n'Oké Osimiri Erythraean, mmadu abuo n'ime Oké Osimiri Ukwu wee gbaputa onwe ha n'ebe ahu, ufodu na-asikwa: n'ime ozara.<br> 8. Agwaetiti ukwu asaa m huru n'oké osimiri na n'ime ala: abuo n'ime ala na ise n'ime Oké Osimiri Ukwu. '''ISI nke 78''' 1. Aha anyanwu bukwa ndi a: Orjârês nke mbu, na Tômâs nke abu̟o.<br> 2. Onwa nwekwara aha ano: aha mbu bụ Asônjâ, aha nke abuo bụ Eblâ, aha nke ato bụ Benâsê, na aha nke ano bụ Erae.<br> 3. Ndi a bụ nnukwu ihe abu̟o na-enye ihè: gburugburu ha di ka gburugburu eluigwe, nha gburugburu ha abuo dikwa otu.<br> 4. N'ime gburugburu anyanwu, e nwere akuku asaa nke ihè nke a na-agbakwunye na ya karja onwa, a na-ebufekwa ya n'uzo doro anya ruo mgbe akuku nke asaa nke anyanwu ga- agwu.<br> 5. Ha wee tinye ma banye n'onụ uzo ámá nke odida anyanwu, wee gbanwee ha site n'ebe ugwu, wee si n'onų uzo ámá owuwa anyanwu puta n'elu eluigwe.<br> 6. Mgbe onwa na-awa, otu uzo n'uzo iri na ano putara n'eluigwe: ihè na-ejuputa n'ime ya: n'ubochị nke iri na ano, ọ na-eme ka ihè ya puta ihè.<br> 7. A na-ebufekwa akukų iri na ise nke ihè nye ya ruo ubochi nke iri na ise mgbe ihè ya ga-emezu, dika ihe iriba ama nke afo si di, o ga-aghokwa akukų iri na ise, onwa ga- etokwa site na mgbakwunye nke akukų iri na ano.<br> 8. Onwa na-ebelata n'ubochi mbu ruo akuku iri na ano nke ihè ya, n'akuku nke abu̟o ruo akukų iri na ato nke ihè, n'akuku nke ato ruo iri na abu̟o, n'akuku nke ano ruo iri na otu, n'akuku nke ise ruo iri na itoolu, n'akuku nke asaa ruo asato, n'akuku nke asato ruo asaa, n'akuku nke itoolu ruo isii, n'akuku nke iri ruo ise, n'akuku nke iri na otu ruo ano, n'akuku nke iri na abuo ruo ato, n'akuku nke iri na ato ruo abuo, n'akuku nke iri na ano ruo okara nke asaa, ihè ya niile foduru na-apukwa kpamkpam n'akuku nke iri na ise.<br> 9. N'ime onwa ufodu, onwa ahu nwere ubochi iri abuo na itoolu, otu ugboro kwa ubochi iri abu̟o na asato.<br> 10. Uriel gosikwara m iwu ozo: mgbe e bufere ihè gaa n'onwa, nakwa mgbe anyanwu bufere ya n'akuku ya.<br> 11. N'oge niile onwa na-eto n'ihè ya, o na-ebufe ya nye onwe ya mgbe ọ na-emegide anyanwu n'ime ubochi iri na ano, ihè ya na-aputa ihè n'eluigwe, mgbe ihè ya na- enwukwa ihè n'eluigwe, ihè ya na-aputa ihè n'eluigwe.<br> 12. N'ubochi mbu a na-akpo ya onwa ohuru, n'ihi na n'ubochi ahu ihè na-awakwasi ya.<br> 13. na-aghọ onwa zuru oke kpomkwem n'ubochi anyanwu dara n'odida anyanwu, o na-esikwa n'owuwa anyanwu aputa n'abalį, onwa na-enwukwa n'abalį ahu dum ruo mgbe anyanwu wara n'ihu ya, a hukwara onwa n'ihu anyanwu.<br> 14. N'akuku ebe ihè onwa si aputa, o na-ebelata ozo ruo mgbe ihè niile ga-apu n'anya, ubochi niile nke onwa ahụ agwuchaa, gburugburu ya togboro chakoo, ihè adighikwa.<br> 15. Onwa ato o na-eme ubochi iri ato, n'oge ya o na- emekwa onwa ato nke ubochi iri abuo na itoolu nke o bula, nke o na-eme ka ọ daa n'oge mbu, na n'onu uzo mbụ maka ubochi otu nari na iri asaa na asaa.<br> 16. Mgbe o na-apu, o na-aputa ruo o̟nwa ato nke ubọchị iri ato nke o bula, ruo onwa ato o na-aputakwa ruo onwa iri abuo na itoolu nke o bula. 17. N'abali, o na-aputa di ka nwoke ruo ubochi iri abu̟o, n'ehihie o na-aputa di ka eluigwe, ọ dighikwa ihe ozo di n'ime ya ma e wezuga ihè ya. '''ISI nke 79''' 1. Ugbua, nwa m nwoke, egosila m gi ihe niile, iwu nke kpakpando niile nke eluigwe emezuola.<br> 2. O gosikwara m iwu niile di n'ime ihe ndị a maka ubochi ọ bula, na maka oge o bula nke iwu, na maka afọ ọ bula, na maka opupu ya, na maka usoro e nyere ya kwa onwa na kwa izu.<br> 3. Nakwa mbelata nke onwa nke na-eme n'onu uzo nke isii: n'ihi na n'onu uzo nke isii a ka ihè ya na-emezu, mgbe nke ahu gasiri, mmalite nke mbelata ahụ dị.<br> 4. Na mbelata nke na-eme n'onu uzo mbu̟ n'oge ya, ruo mgbe ubochi otu nari na iri asaa na asaa ga-agwu: a na- aguta ya dika izu, izu iri abuo na ise na ubochi abuo si dị.<br> 5. Q na-ada n'azu anyanwu na usoro kpakpando kpomkwem ubochi ise n'ime otu oge, mgbe ebe a į na-ahụ gafere.<br> 6. Nke a bu foto na eserese nke ihe niile di ebube nke Uriel, onyeisi ndị mmu̟o ozi, onye bu onye ndu ha, gosiri m. '''ISI nke 80''' 1.N'oge ahu, mmuo ozi bu Uriel zara, si m: 'Lee, egosila m gi ihe niile, Inok, ekpughekwara m gi ihe niile ka į hụ anyanwu a na onwa a, na ndị ndu nke kpakpando nke eluigwe na ndi niile na-atughari ha, orụ ha na oge na opupų ha.<br> 2. Ma n'ubochi ndị mmehie, afo ga-adi mkpumkpų, mkpuru ha ga-anokwa n'ala na ubi ha, ihe niile di n'uwa ga- agbanwe, ha agaghi aputakwa n'oge ha: A ga-egbochi mmiri ozuzo, eluigwe ga-egbochikwa ya.<br> {{c|20}} [[Category: Igbo]]<noinclude></noinclude> fwwz280nxl5vyvngb0pjdlskksyz1m1 104 448670 1335952 1333814 2026-04-27T07:19:19Z Ceentia 809926 /* Validated */ 1335952 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ceentia" /></noinclude>{{c|Akụkọ AHIkAR}} ọchịchị, na ọchịchị ọjọọ, na mgbagha nke ọchịchị, na ọchịchị aka ike n’ihe ahụ; na ihe anọ nke anāpughi izo:onye nwere uche, na onye-nzuzu, na ọgaranya, na obeye.<br> '''ISI NKE 3''' Ahikar lara ezumike nkā site na itinye aka n'ihe gbasara steeti. Ọ na-enyefe ihe onwunwe ya n'aka nwa nwanne ya dị aghụghọ. Nke a bụ akụkọ magburu onwe ya banyere otú onye na-enweghị ekele si atụgharị anya. Nkịta e ji aghụghọ kegide Ahikar mere ka a mara ya ikpe ọnwụ. O doro anya na njedebe nke Ahikar.<br> 1 Otú a ka Haia kwuru, ma mbẹ o kwubiriworo okwu-ọnu na ilu ndia nye Nadan, bú nwa nwa-nne-ya, na o chere na ọ gēdebe ha nile, ma ọ maghi na kama na ọ nēgosi ya ike-ọgwugwu na nleda-anya na ikwa-emọ.<br> 2 Ma Heikara we nọdu ala n'ulo-ya, nye Nedan àkù-ya nile, na orù-ya nile, na ndinyom nēje ozi, na inyinya-ya,na anu-ulo, na ihe nile ọ bula nke o nwere na ihe ọ nwetara; ma ike nke ịtụ-nsọ na nke mmachibido iwu wee dịrị n’aka nke Nadan.<br> 3 Haikara we nọdu na-ezu ike n'ulo-ya;<br> 4 Ma mbẹ Nadan matara na ike nke okwu-ọnu na nke mmachibido ahụ di n'aka-ya, o we leda ọnọdu Haikara anya, we kwara ya ọchi, we malite ibo ya uta mbẹ ọ bula ọ pụtara, si, Nwa-nne nnam Haikara nọ n'aka-ya; ọ maghi kwa ihe ọ bula ubụ a.<br> 5 O we malite iti ndi-orù na ndinyom nēje ozi, na ire inyinya na camel, na iri ihe nile nke nna-ya nna Haia nwere.<br> 6 Ma mbẹ Haikara huru na o nweghi ọmiko n’aru ndi-orù-ya ma-ọbu n’aru ulo-ya, o we bilie chua ya n’ulo-ya,ziga ozi igosi eze na ọ bạsasara ihe-nnweta-ya na ihe-oriri-ya.<br> 7 Eze we bilie kpọ Nedan, si ya, Mbẹ Haikara nādi ndụ,ọ dighi onye ọ bula gāchi àkù-ya, ma-ọbu ulo-ya, ma-ọbu ihe-onwunwe-ya.<br> 8 Ma e weliri aka nke Nedan n’ebe nwanne nna ya nwoke bụ Haịka nọ na ngwongwo ya niile, ma n’otu oge ahụ ọ banyeghị ma ọ bụ pụọ, ma ọ dịghị ekele ya.<br> 9 Ya mere Haikara chegharịrị site n’ịdọgbu onwe ya n’ọrụ ya na Nadan nwa nwanne ya nwoke, ma ọ<br> nọgidere na-enwe mwute.<br> 10 Nadan nwe-kwa-ra nwa-nne nke-ntà, aha-ya bu<br> Benuzardan; Haikara we kuru ya nye onwe-ya n’ọnọdu Nedan, me ka ọ rịgota, we sọpuru ya nke-uku. O we nye ya ihe nile o nwere, me ya onye-isi ulo-ya.<br> 11 Ma mgbe Nedan matara ihe merenụ, e jidere ya n’ekworo na ekworo, ma ọ malitere ịtamụ ntamu nye onye ọbụla jụrụ ya ajụjụ, na ịkwa-emo, nwanne nna ya nwoke Haịkara, na-asị: ‘Nne nna m achụpụwo m n’ụlọ ya, ma ọ chụpụwo m n’ụlọ ya, ma ọ chụpụwo m. ma ọ buru na Onye kachasị ihe nile elu nyem ike, M’gēme ka ihe ọjọ ahụ nke nēbụ biakwasị ya.'<br> 12 Nadan wee malite ịtugharị uche n’ihe banyere ihe ịsụ ngọngọ nke ọ ga-akpụpụtara ya. Ma mbẹ nwa oge gasiri Nadan chigharịrị ya n’obi-ya, degara Akish, nwa Shah onye-amam-ihe, bú eze Peasia akwukwọ, si otú a:<br> 13 Udo na ahụike na idi-ike na nsọpuru si-kwa-ra Senakerib, bú eze Asiria, na Nineve, site kwa n’aka onye-eze-ya na ode-akwukwọ-ya, bú Haikara, biakute gi,gi eze uku! Ka pence di n’etiti mu na gi.<br> 14 Ma mbẹ akwukwọ a biakutere gi, ọ buru na i bilie, je ngwa ngwa jerue ndagwurugwu Nisrin na Asiria na Ninive, M’gēnye kwa gi ala-eze n’agha, nēnweghi kwa usu-ndi-agha.<br> 15 O de-kwa-ra akwukwọ ọzọ n’aha Haikara degara Fero eze Ijipt. ‘Ka udo dịrị n’etiti mụ na gị, Eze dị ike!<br> 16 Ọ buru na mbẹ akwukwọ a biakutere gi, i gēbili kwa,je Asiria na Nineve rue ndagwurugwu Nisrin, M’gēnye kwa gi ala-eze n’agha, nēnweghi kwa agha.<br> 17 Ma ihe odide nke Nadan dị ka akwụkwọ nke nwanne nna ya Haikara.<br> 18 O we bạchie akwukwọ-ozi abua ahu, were nbạ-aka-akàrà nke nwa-nne nna-ya Haikara mechie ha; ma ha nọ n’ulo eze.<br> 19 O wee gaa degara eze nwanne nna ya akwụkwọ ozi,sị Haịkara, sị: ‘Udo na ahụ ike dịịrụ Vizier m,odeakwụkwọ m, onye isi ala m, Haịkara.<br> 20 O Haịkara, mbẹ akwukwọ-ozi a ruru gi, kpọkọta ndi-agha nile ndi gi na ha nọ, ma ka ha zue okè n’uwe na n’ọnụ-ọgugu, wetaram ha n’ụbọchị nke-ise n’ọzara Nisrin.<br> 21 Ma mbẹ i gāhum n’ebe ahu ka ọ nābiakute gi, me ngwa me ka usu-ndi-agha bia imegidem dika onye-iro nēbusom agha: n’ihi na ndi-ozi Fero, bú eze Ijipt,nọyerem, ka ha we hu idi-ike-ayi. Usu-ndi-agha we tua egwu ayi: n’ihi na ndi-iro-ayi ka ha bu, ha nākpọ kwa ayi asì.<br> 22 O we mechie akwukwọ-ozi ahu, zigara Haikara site n’aka otú onye nime ndi-orù eze. O we were akwukwọ nke-ọzọ nke o dere, bạsa ya n’iru eze, gua ya nye ya,gosi ya akàrà ahu.<br> 23 Ma mbẹ eze nuru ihe di n’akwukwọ-ozi ahu, o nwere mgbagwoju-anya nke-uku, o we were oké iwe di ọku, si,E, egosiwom amam-ihem! kedu ihe m mere Haịkara na o degara ndị iro m akwụkwọ ozi ndị a? Nke a ọ bụ ụgwọ ọrụ m n’aka ya n’ihi ihe m mere ya?<br> 24 Nadan we si ya, Ka ewezugala onwe-gi, eze! ewe-kwa-la iwe, kama ka ayi je na ndagwurugwu Nisrin ka ayi hu ma akụkọ a ọ bu ezie ma-ọbu obughi ya.<br> 25 Nadan we bilie n’ụbọchị nke-ise, chiri eze na ndi-agha na onye-ozi, je n’ọzara rue ọzara Nisrin. Eze we le,ma, le! Haziri na ndị agha ahụ n’ụsọrọ.<br> 26 Haịkara we hu na eze nọ n’ebe ahu, o we bia nso,gosi usu-ndi-agha ka ha je dika agha, buso eze agha n’usoro, dika ahuru ya n’akwụkwọ ahu, ma ọ maghị olulu Nadan gwuru bayere ya. ya.<br> 27 Ma mbẹ eze huru omume nke Haikara we jide ya n’obi-uku na egwu na mgbagwoju-anya, o we were iwe di ọku.<br> 28 Nadan we si ya, Ì huwo, onye-nwem, bú eze! kedu ihe ajọ omume a mere? ma ewe-kwa-la gi iwe, ewekwa-la obi-uku ma-ọbu aru-aru, ma je n’ulo-gi, nọkwasi n’oche-eze-gi, m’gēme kwa ka Haikara biakute gi abụ na nkpọrọ, M’gāchupu kwa onye-iro-gi n’aru gi, nādọbụghi kwa onwe-ya n’ọlụ.<br> [[Category: Igbo]]<noinclude></noinclude> jpziu2cpue9ltzkkte5k3b6lia75kyu 104 448672 1335950 1333817 2026-04-27T06:48:51Z Ceentia 809926 /* Validated */ 1335950 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ceentia" /></noinclude>{{c|Akụkọ AHIkAR}} 50 Senakerib, bú eze, we si, Kuru ya, enyewom gi ya.<br> Hajkara we were Nadan nwa nwa-nne-ya nwoke, were<br> nbạ-ọku ígwè ke aka-ya abua, me ka ọ ba n’ebe-obibi-ya,<br> tiye nbạ-aka-akàrà n’ukwu-ya, were eriri kechie ya, ma<br> mbẹ kesiri ya otú a, ọ tubà ya. o we ba n’ime-ulo ahu nke<br> bara ọchichiri, n’akuku ọnọdu-abali ahu, o we guzo<br> Nebuhal ibu onye-nlekọta-ya ka ọ nēnye ya otù ogbe<br> achicha na otù mbẹ ntà miri ubọchi nile.<br> <br> '''ISI NKE 7'''<br> <br> Ilu nke Ahikar nke o ji guchaa akwụkwọ ụmụ nwanne<br> ya. Ihe atụ dị egwu. Ahikar kpọrọ nwa okoro ahụ aha<br> mara mma. Ebe a na-agwụ akụkọ Ahikar.<br> 1 Ma mbẹ ọ bula Haia nãbā ma-ọbu nāpu ọ nābara<br> Nedan, bú nwa nwa-nne-ya, mba, nãsi ya n’amam-ihe:<br> 2 ‘O Nadan, nwa m nwoke! Emerem gi ihe nile di nma<br> na ihe di nma, i were kwa ihe jọrọ njọ na ihe ọjọ na igbu<br> ọchụ kwuọ m ụgwọ maka ya.<br> 3 ‘O nwa m nwoke! ọ bu n’ilu ka anãsi: Onye nējighi<br> nti-ya ege nti, ha gēme ka ọ ṅa nti n’ikpa-ife-ya.<br> 4 Nadan we si, N’ihi gini ka i nēwesam iwe?<br> 5 Haikara we si ya, N’ihi na m’mere ka i rigota, zí kwa gi<br> ihe, nye kwa gi nsọpụru na nsọpụru, me kwa gi ka i di<br> uku, me kwa ka i ghọ nkpụrụ kachasi nma, me ka i nọdu<br> n’ọnọdum ka i we buru onye-nketa. n’uwa, i we mesom<br> ihe-ọmuma, were kwa ntipiam kwughachim.<br> 6 Ma Onye-nwe matara na e mejọrọ m, ma ọ zọpụtara m<br> site n’ihe-ahja nke i debere nye m, n’ihi na Onye-nwe<br> na-agwọta obi ndị tiwara etiwa ma na-egbochi ndị<br> ekworo na ndị mpako.<br> 7 O nwa m nwoke! Į dịworo m dị ka akpị nke ọ na-<br> adakwasị ọla, mapuo ya.<br> 8 Nwa m nwoke! į dị ka nne mgbada nke na-eri<br> mgbọrọgwụ nke ara, ọ na-agbakwunyekwa m ta ma echi<br> ka ha ga-agbaze n’ime mgbọrọgwụ m.<br> 9 Nwa m nwoke! i jeruo onye huru ibe ya ka ọ gba ọtọ<br> n’oge oyi oyi; o we were miri oyi wukwasi ya.<br> 10 Nwa m nwoke! Į dịworo m dị ka nwoke nke weere<br> nkume, tụba ya n’elu-igwe, iji ya tụbue Onye-nwe-ya.<br> Nkume ahu adaghi kwa, o rughi kwa elu nke-uku, ma ọ<br> bu ihe kpatara ikpe-ọmuma na mmehie.<br> 11 Nwa m nwoke! Ọ bụrụ na į sọpụrụ m ma sọpụrụ m<br> ma ṅa ntị n’okwu m, į gaara abụ onye nketa m, na į ga-<br> achịkwa ọchịchị m.<br> 12 O nwa m nwoke! mara na o bụrụ na ọdụ nkịta ma ọ<br> bụ ezi dị cubit iri n’ogologo, ọ gaghị abjarute ọnụ ahja<br> ịnyịnya, ọ bụrugodị na ọ dị ka silk.<br> 13 Nwa m nwoke! Echere m na į gaara abụ onye nketa<br> m n’ọnwụ; ma gi onwe-gi site n’ekworo-gi na npako-gi<br> nãchọ ime ka m’nwua. Ma Jehova napụtaram n’aghụghọ<br> gi.<br> 14 O nwa m nwoke! I diworom ka ọnyà etiyere n’elu<br> ebe-ikpofu-ihe, nza we bia, hu ọnyà ahu ọtọ. Nza we si<br> ọnyà ahu, Gini ka i nēme n’ebe a? Ọnyà ahụ kwuru,<br> "Ana m ekpe ekpere ebe a nye Chineke."<br> 15 Igbe ahu we jua ya, si, Gini bu iberibe osisi nke i<br> nējide? Ọnyà ahụ kwuru, "Nke ahụ bụ obere osisi oak<br> nke m dabere n’oge ekpere."<br> 16 Lark we si: Gini bu kwa ihe ahu di n’ọnụ-gi? Ọnyà<br> ahụ kwuru, sị: "Nke ahụ bụ achịcha na nri nke m na-ebu<br> maka ndị agụụ na-agụ na ndị ogbenye na-abjakwute m."<br> 17 Lark sịrị: “Ugbu a ka m ga-abja rie nri, n’ihi na agụụ<br> na-agụ m? Ọnyà ahu we si ya, Ga n’iru. Na lark bjarutere<br> na ya, nwere ike iri.<br> 18 Ma ọnyà ahụ malitere ma jide igbe ahụ n’olu ya.<br> 19 Lark ahu we za, si ọnyà ahu, Ọ buru na nke ahu bu<br> nri-gi nke agu nāgu Chineke nãnaraghi ebere-gi na<br> omume-ọma-gi nile.<br> 20 Ma ọ bụrụ na nke ahụ bụ obubu ọnụ gi na ekpere gi,<br> Chineke anabataghị obubu ọnụ gi ma ọ bụ ekpere gi, ma<br> Chineke agaghị emezi ihe dị mma gbasara gi.”<br> 21 Nwa m nwoke! Gi onwe-gi abuworom (dika) ọdum<br> nke mere enyi, inyinya-ibu nējeghari kwa n’iru ọdum<br> nwa oge; otu ụbọchị, ọdụm ahụ malitere n’elu ịnyịnya<br> ibu ahụ wee rie ya.<br> 22 Nwa m nwoke! Į ghọrọ m dị ka ahịhịa ọka wit, n’ihi<br> na ọ dịghị ihe ọ bụla ọ na-emere, kama ọ na-emebi ọka<br> wit na-ata ya.<br> 23 Nwa m nwoke! i di ka nwoke nāgha ọka wheat iri,<br> mbẹ o ruru mbẹ owuwe-ihe-ubi, o we bilie ghọ nkpụrụ-<br> ya, chikọta ya, zọcha ya, dọbụ onwe-ya n’ọlu n’aru ya<br> nke-uku, o we ghọ iri. ọtụtù, onye-nwe-ya we si ya, Gi<br> onye-ume-ngwu!<br> 24 Nwa m nwoke! I buworom ka akpara nke tubàra<br> n’úkwù, ma ọ pụghi izọpụta onwe-ya, ma ọ kpọkuru uja,<br> ka o were onwe-ya tubà na n’ụbụ.<br> 25 O nwa m nwoke! I ghọrọ m dị ka nkita nke na-ajụ oyi<br> wee banye n’ụlọ ọkpuite ikpo ọkụ.<br> 26 Ma mbẹ ọ kposiri ọku, o we malite ibọ ha, ha we<br> chupu ya, tie ya, ka o we ghara ita ha aru.<br> 27 O nwa m nwoke! Į dịworo m dị ka ezì nke batara<br> n’ebe a na-asa ahụ dị ọkụ, ya na ndị mara mma, ma<br> mgbe o si n’ebe a na-asa ahụ dị ọkụ pụta, ọ hụrụ oghere<br> ruru unyi, ọ ga-agbadakwa wee gbadaa n’ime ya.<br> 28 O nwa m nwoke! Į dịworo m dị ka mkpị nke jikọrọ<br> aka na ibe ya n’ụzọ ha na-aga ịchụ àjà, ma o nweghị ike<br> izọpụta onwe ya.<br> 29 Nwa m nwoke! Nkịta nke anaghi eri nri site n’ichu<br> nta ya na-aghọ nri ijiji.<br> 30 O nwa m nwoke! aka nke nādighi-adọbụ onwe-ya<br> n’ọlu nãlu ọlu-ubi na (nke di anya-uku na aghụghọ,<br> agēbipu ya n’ụbụ-ya.<br> 31 O nwa m nwoke! anya nke nādighi-ahu ihè nime ya,<br> ugolo-ọma gātụkwasi ya, tupu ya.<br> 32 Nwa m nwoke! i we dim ka osisi nke ha nēbụ alaka-<br> ya, o we si ha, Ọ buru na ihe ọ bula nimem adighi n’aka-<br> unu, n’ezie unu apughi ibipum.<br> 33 O nwa m nwoke! į dị ka nwamba ahụ ha sịrj: "Hapụ<br> ndị ohi ruo mgbe anyị mere gi a yinye ọla edo na-azụ gi<br> sugar na almond."<br> 34 O we si, Echefughm aghụghọ nke nnam na nnem.<br> 35 O nwa m nwoke! Į dị ka agwọ nke nọ n’elu osisi<br> ogwu mgbe ọ nọ n’etiti osimiri, anụ ọhia wolf hụkwara<br> ha wee sị: "Ihe ọjọọ dị n’elu ihe ọjọọ, ya na onye na-eme<br> ihe ọjọọ karịa ha abụọ na-eduzi."<br> [[Category: Igbo]]<noinclude></noinclude> ppwlosb6t2x3gtuuumu3555080qsrjo 104 448682 1335947 1333813 2026-04-27T06:38:45Z Ceentia 809926 /* Validated */ 1335947 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ceentia" /></noinclude>{{c|Akwukwo Inok}} 20. Onyenwe anyị bjakwutere atụrụ ahụ, ha wee malite ịkụ<br> anụ ọhia wolf ndị ahụ: anụ ọhia wolf wee malite ịkwa ákwá;<br> ma atụrụ ahụ dara juu ma kwụsị iti mkpu ozugbo.<br> 21. Ahụrụ m atụrụ ahụ ruo mgbe ha si n'etiti anụ ọhịa wolf<br> pụọ; mana anya anụ ọhịa wolf ahụ kpuru isi, anụ ọhịa wolf<br> ndị ahụ wee pụọ n'ịchụso atụrụ ahụ n'ike ha niile.<br> 22. Onye-nwe atụrụ ahụ wee soro ha gaa, dịka onye ndu ha,<br> atụrụ ya niile sokwara ya: ihu ya mara mma ma dịkwa<br> ebube ma dịkwa egwu ịhụ.<br> 23. Ma nkịta ọhịa malitere ịchụ atụrụ ndị ahụ ruo mgbe ha<br> rutere n'oké osimiri mmiri.<br> 24. Oké osimiri ahụ kewara ekewa, mmiri ahụ wee guzoro<br> n'akụkụ a na n'akụkụ nke ọzọ n'ihu ha, Onyenwe ha wee<br> duru ha wee tinye Onwe ya n'etiti ha na anụ ọhia wolf.<br> 25. Ebe anụ ọhịa wolf ndị ahụ ahụbeghị atụrụ ahụ, ha<br> banyere n'etiti oké osimiri ahụ, anụ ọhịa wolf ndị ahụ wee<br> soro atụrụ ahụ, anụ ọhịa wolf ndị ahụ wee gbaa ọsọ chụsoo<br> ha n'ime oké osimiri ahụ.<br> 26. Mgbe ha hụrụ Onyenwe atụrụ ahụ, ha tụgharịrị igbapụ<br> n'ihu Ya, mana oké osimiri ahụ gbakọtara ọnụ, wee dị ka e<br> kere ya, mmiri ahụ wee too ma too ruo mgbe o kpuchiri<br> anụ ọhịa wolf ndị ahụ.<br> 27. M wee hụ ruo mgbe nkịta ọhịa niile na-achụ atụrụ ndị<br> ahụ nwụrụ ma mmiri rie ha.<br> <br> 28-40. Izrel n'ọzara, inye iwu, na mbata n'ime Palestine.<br> <br> 28. Ma atụrụ ahụ gbapụrụ n'ime mmiri ahụ wee pụọ gaa<br> n'ọzara, ebe mmiri na ahịhịa adịghị; ha wee malite imeghe<br> anya ha wee hụ; ahụrụ m Onyenwe atụrụ ahụ ka ọ na-azụ<br> ha ma na-enye ha mmiri na ahịhịa, atụrụ ahụ na-aga ma na-<br> edu ha.<br> 29. Atụrụ ahụ rigoro n'elu nkume ahụ dị elu, Onyenwe<br> atụrụ ahụ wee ziga ya nye ha.<br> 30. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ahụrụ m Onyenwe atụrụ ahụ nke<br> guzoro n'ihu ha, ọdịdị ya dịkwa ukwuu, dịkwa egwu, dịkwa<br> ebube, atụrụ ahụ niile wee hụ Ya, egwu wee tụọ ha n'ihu<br> Ya.<br> 31. Ha niile tụrụ egwu ma maa jijiji n'ihi Ya, ha wee tie<br> mkpu nye atụrụ ahụ ha na ha nọ n'etiti ha, sị: "Anyị<br> enweghị ike iguzo n'ihu Onyenwe anyị ma ọ bụ ịhụ Ya."<br> 32. Atụrụ ahụ nke duru ha rigoro ọzọ n'elu nkume ahụ,<br> mana atụrụ ahụ malitere ịkpu isi ma si n'ụzọ o gosiri ha pụọ,<br> mana atụrụ ahụ amaghị banyere ya.<br> 33. Onye-nwe atụrụ ahụ were iwe nke ukwuu megide ha,<br> atụrụ ahụ wee chọpụta ya, wee si n'ekume ahụ gbadata,<br> bjakwute atụrụ ahụ, wee hụ na ọtụtụ n'ime ha kpuru isi ma<br> daa.<br> 34. Mgbe ha hụrụ ya, ha tụrụ egwu ma maa jijiji n'ihi<br> ọnụnọ ya, ha wee chọọ ịlaghachi n'ogige ha.<br> 35. Atụrụ ahụ kpọọrọ atụrụ ndị ọzọ, bjarute atụrụ ndị ahụ<br> dapụrụ adapụ, wee malite igbu ha; atụrụ ahụ wee tụọ egwu<br> ọnụnọ ya, nke mere na atụrụ ahụ kpọghachiri atụrụ ndị ahụ<br> dapụrụ adapụ, ha wee laghachi n'ogige ha.<br> 36. Ahụrụ m n'ọhụụ a ruo mgbe atụrụ ahụ ghọrọ mmadụ<br> ma wuo ụlọ maka Onyenwe atụrụ, ma tinye atụrụ niile<br> n'ụlọ ahụ.<br> 37. M wee hụ ruo mgbe atụrụ a zutere atụrụ ahụ nke na-edu<br> ha dara ụra: ahụrụ m ruo mgbe atụrụ ukwu niile nwụrụ,<br> ụmụntakịrị biliri n'ọnọdụ ha, ha wee bja n'ebe ịta nri,<br> bjaruokwa iyi mmiri.<br> 38. Mgbe ahụ, atụrụ ahụ, onye ndu ha nke ghọrọ mmadụ, si<br> n'ebe ha nọ pụọ wee hie ụra, atụrụ niile wee chọọ ya ma tie<br> mkpu ákwá n'elu ya.<br> 39. M wee hụ ruo mgbe ha kwụsịrị ịkwa ákwá maka atụrụ<br> ahụ wee gafee iyi mmiri ahụ, atụrụ abụọ ahụ wee bilie dị<br> ka ndị ndu n'ọnọdụ ndị duru ha wee hie ụra.<br> 40. M wee hụ ruo mgbe atụrụ ahụ rutere n'ebe mara mma,<br> ala mara mma ma dịkwa ebube, m wee hụ ruo mgbe atụrụ<br> ndị ahụ juru afọ; ụlọ ahụ wee guzo n'etiti ha n'ala mara<br> mma.<br> <br> 41-50. Site n'oge Ndị Ikpe ruo mgbe e wuru Ụlọ Nsọ ahụ.<br> <br> 41. Mgbe ụfọdụ, anya ha na-emeghe, mgbe ụfọdụkwa, ha<br> na-eme ka anya kpuo isi, ruo mgbe atụrụ ọzọ biliri wee<br> duru ha wee kpọghachi ha niile, anya ha wee meghee.<br> 42. Nkịta na nkịta ọhịa na ezì ọhịa malitere iri atụrụ ndị<br> ahụ ruo mgbe Onyenwe atụrụ ahụ kpolitere otu atụrụ ọzọ<br> n'etiti ha, nke na-edu ha.<br> 43. Ebu ahụ wee malite ịkụ nkịta, nkịta ọhịa, na ezì ọhịa<br> ahụ n'akụkụ abụọ ruo mgbe o bibiri ha niile.<br> 44. Atụrụ ahụ nke anya ya meghere wee hụ ebule ahụ, nke<br> nọ n'etiti atụrụ ahụ, ruo mgbe ọ hapụrụ ebube ya wee<br> malite ịkụ atụrụ ndị ahụ aka, zọda ha, wee mee onwe ya ka<br> ọ ghara ịdị mma.<br> 45. Onye-nwe atụrụ ahụ zigakwara nwa atụrụ ahụ nye nwa<br> atụrụ ọzọ wee zụlite ya ka ọ bụrụ ebule na onye ndu nke<br> atụrụ ahụ kama ebule ahụ nke hapụrụ ebube ya.<br> 46. O wee gaa n'ebe ọ nọ wee gwa ya okwu naanị ya, wee<br> bulie ya elu ka ọ bụrụ ebule, meekwa ya onyeisi na onye<br> ndu nke atụrụ; mana n'oge ihe ndị a niile, nkịta ndị ahụ na-<br> akpagbu atụrụ.<br> 47. Ebu nke mbụ wee chụsoo ebule nke abụọ ahụ, ebule<br> nke abụọ ahụ wee bilie gbaa ọsọ n'ihu ya; ahụrụ m ruo<br> mgbe nkịta ndị ahụ dọwara ebule nke mbụ ahụ.<br> 48. Ebu nke abụọ ahụ wee bilie duru obere atụrụ ahụ.<br> 49. Atụrụ ndị ahụ wee too ma mụbaa; ma nkịta niile, nkịta<br> ọhịa, na ezì ọhịa niile tụrụ egwu wee gbaa ọsọ n'ihu ya,<br> ebule ahụ wee gbuo anụ ọhịa, anụ ọhịa ndị ahụ enweghịzi<br> ike n'etiti atụrụ ahụ ma zuru ha ihe ọ bụla ọzọ. Ebule ahụ<br> wee mụọ ọtụtụ atụrụ wee hie ụra; obere atụrụ wee ghọọ<br> ebule n'ọnọdụ ya, wee bụrụ onyeisi na onye ndu nke atụrụ<br> ndị ahụ.<br> 50. Ụlọ ahụ wee bụrụ ibu ma gbasaa, e wuru ya maka atụrụ<br> ndị ahụ: e wuru ụlọ elu dị elu ma dị ukwuu n'ụlọ ahụ maka<br> Onyenwe atụrụ, ụlọ ahụ dịkwa ala, mana ụlọ elu ahụ dị elu<br> ma dị elu, Onyenwe atụrụ ahụ guzoro n'elu ụlọ elu ahụ wee<br> nye tebul zuru oke n'ihu Ya.<br> <br> 51-67. Alaeze Abụọ nke Izrel na Juda, ruo na Mbibi nke<br> Jerusalem.<br> <br> 51.Ma ọzọ, ahụrụ m atụrụ ndị ahụ ka ha mehiere ọzọ ma<br> gaa ọtụtụ ụzọ, hapụkwa ụlọ ha, Onyenwe atụrụ ahụ wee<br> kpọọ ụfọdụ n'ime atụrụ ahụ wee ziga ha n'ebe atụrụ nọ,<br> ma atụrụ ahụ malitere igbu ha.<br> 52. Otu n'ime ha ka a zọpụtara, e gbughịkwa ya, o wee<br> gbapụ ma tie mkpu n'olu dara ụda n'elu atụrụ ahụ; ha wee<br> chọọ igbu ya, ma Onyenwe atụrụ ahụ zọpụtara ya n'aka<br> atụrụ ahụ, wee kpolite ya n'aka m, meekwa ka ọ biri n'ebe<br> ahụ.<br> {{C|24}} [[Category: Igbo]]<noinclude></noinclude> 7uqtok8dlfhz5ubg9y875wjffawmkv5 104 448695 1335949 1333818 2026-04-27T06:46:22Z Ceentia 809926 /* Validated */ 1335949 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ceentia" /></noinclude>{{c|Akwụkwọ Inọk}} 12. Mgbe ahụ, amaara m ihe omimi ọzọ, na a ga-enye ndị<br> ezi omume na ndị maara ihe akwụkwọ ka ha bụrụ ihe na-<br> eweta ọṅụ na izi ezi na ọtụtụ amamihe.<br> 13. A ga-enye ha akwụkwọ, ha ga-ekwere na ha ma ṅụrịa<br> ọṅụ n'ihi ha, mgbe ahụ ka a ga-akwụghachi ndị ezi omume<br> niile mụtara na ya ụgwọ ọrụ n'ụzọ niile nke izi ezi.<br> <br> '''ISI nke 105'''<br> <br> 1. N'oge ahụ, Onyenwe anyị gwara ha ka ha kpọọ ma gbaa<br> ụmụ ụwa akaebe gbasara amamihe ha: Gosi ha ya; n'ihi na<br> unu bụ ndị nduzi ha, na ụgwọ ọrụ n'elu ụwa dum.<br> 2. N'ihi na mụ na nwa m nwoke ga-adị n'otu na ha ruo<br> mgbe ebighị ebi n'ụzọ nke izi ezi ná ndụ ha; unu ga-<br> enwekwa udo: ṅụrịanụ ọṅụ, ụmụ nke izi ezi. Amen.<br> <br> '''ISI nke 106'''<br> <br> 1. Mgbe ụbọchị ole na ole gasịrị, nwa m nwoke bụ<br> Metusela lụrụ nwunye nye nwa ya nwoke bụ Lamek, o wee<br> tụrụ ime site n'aka ya wee mụọ nwa nwoke.<br> 2. Ahụ ya dị ọcha dị ka snoo, ọ na-achakwa ọbara ọbara dị<br> ka okooko osisi rose, ntutu isi ya na ogologo ntutu isi ya<br> dịkwa ọcha dị ka ajị anụ, anya ya mara mma. Mgbe o<br> meghere anya ya, o mere ka ụlọ ahụ dum nwuo ọkụ dị ka<br> anyanwụ, ụlọ ahụ dum na-enwu nke ukwuu.<br> 3. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, o biliri n'aka onye na-azụ nwa,<br> meghee ọnụ ya, wee kparịta ụka na Onyenwe anyị nke ezi<br> omume.<br> 4. Nna ya bụ Lamek tụrụ egwu ya wee gbapụ, bjakwute<br> nna ya bụ Metusela.<br> 5. O wee sị ya: 'Amụwo m nwa nwoke ọzọ, dị iche na nke<br> mmadụ, ma dị ka ụmụ Chineke nke eluigwe; ọdịdị ya<br> dịkwa iche, ọ dịghịkwa ka anyị, anya ya dịkwa ka ụzarị<br> anyanwụ, ihu ya dịkwa ebube.'<br> 6. O yiri m ka ọ bụghị site n'aka m ka o si pụta kama site<br> n'aka ndị mmụọ ozi, ana m atụkwa egwu na n'oge ya, ihe<br> ebube nwere ike ime n'ụwa.<br> 7. Ma ugbu a, nna m, abịara m ebe a ịrịọ gị arịrịọ ma rịọ gị<br> ka ị gakwuru Enoch, nna anyị, mụta eziokwu n'aka ya, n'ihi<br> na ebe obibi ya dị n'etiti ndị mmụọ ozi.<br> 8. Mgbe Metusela nụrụ okwu nwa ya nwoke, ọ bjakwutere<br> m ruo nsọtụ ụwa; n'ihi na ọ nụrụ na m nọ ebe ahụ, o<br> tikwara mkpu n'olu dara ụda, anụrụ m olu ya wee bjakwute<br> ya. M wee sị ya: 'Lee m, nwa m, gịnị mere i ji bjakwute<br> m?'<br> 9. Ọ zara, sị: 'N'ihi nnukwu ihe kpatara nchekasị ka m<br> bjakwutere gị, ọ bụkwa n'ihi ọhụụ na-enye nsogbu ka m<br> bjakwutere.'<br> 10. Ma ugbu a, nna m, gee m ntị: nwa m nwoke amụọla<br> Lamek, onye ọ dịghị onye dị ka ya, ọdịdị ya adịghịkwa ka<br> ọdịdị mmadụ, agba ahụ ya dịkwa ọcha karịa snow, na-<br> achakwa ọbara ọbara karịa okooko osisi rose, ntutu isi ya<br> dịkwa ọcha karịa ajị ọcha, anya ya dịkwa ka ụzarị anyanwụ,<br> o meghekwara anya ya wee mee ka ụlọ ahụ dum nwuo ọkụ.<br> 11. O wee bilie n'aka onye na-ele ime, meghee ọnụ ya wee<br> gọzie Onyenwe eluigwe.<br> 12. Nna ya bụ Lamek tụrụ egwu wee gbaga n'ebe m nọ, o<br> kweghịkwa na o si n'ebe ọ nọ pụta, kama na ọ dị ka ndị<br> mmụọ ozi nke eluigwe; lee, abịara m bjakwute gị ka i wee<br> mee ka m mara eziokwu ahụ.<br> 13. Mụ onwe m, Inọk, zara wee sị ya: ‘Onyenwe anyị ga-<br> eme ihe ọhụrụ n’ụwa, ahụwokwa m nke a n’ọhụụ, meekwa<br> ka į mara na n’ọgbọ nna m Jared, ụfọdụ n’ime ndị mmụọ<br> ozi nke eluigwe mehiere okwu Onyenwe anyị.<br> 14. Lee, ha na-eme mmehie ma na-emebi iwu, ha na ụmụ<br> nwanyị ejikọtawo onwe ha ma soro ha mee mmehie, ha<br> alụọla ụfọdụ n'ime ha, ha amụọkwala ụmụ site na ha.<br> 15. Ha ga-amụpụtakwa ndị dike n'ụwa, ọ bụghị dị ka mmụọ<br> si dị, kama dịka anụ ahụ si dị, a ga-enwekwa nnukwu<br> ntaramahụhụ n'ụwa, a ga-asachapụkwa ụwa site na ihe ọjọọ<br> niile.<br> 16. Ee, nnukwu mbibi ga-abja n'ụwa niile, a ga-enwekwa<br> iju mmiri na nnukwu mbibi ruo otu afọ.<br> 17. Nwa nwoke a nke a mụrụ nye gị ga-anọgide n'ụwa, a<br> ga-azọpụtakwa ụmụ ya atọ ya na ya: mgbe mmadụ niile nọ<br> n'ụwa ga-anwụ, a ga-azọpụta ya na ụmụ ya.<br> 18. Ma ugbu a, mee ka nwa gị nwoke bụ Lemek mara na<br> onye a mụrụ bụ nwa ya nwoke n'ezie, kpọọkwa aha ya Noa;<br> n'ihi na a ga-ahapụ ya nye unu, a ga-azọpụtakwa ya na ụmụ<br> ya site na mbibi ahụ, nke ga-abja n'ụwa n'ihi mmehie niile<br> na ajọ omume niile, nke a ga-ebibi n'ụwa n'oge ya.<br> 19. Ma mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ajọ omume ga-adị karịa nke e<br> bibiri na mbụ n'ụwa; n'ihi na amaara m ihe omimi nke ndị<br> nsọ; n'ihi na Ya onwe ya, Onyenwe anyị, egosiwo m ma<br> gwa m, agụwokwa m ha na mbadamba nkume eluigwe.<br> <br> '''ISI nke 107'''<br> <br> 1. Ahụrụ m ka e dere n'elu ha na ọgbọ ga-emebi iwu, ruo<br> mgbe ọgbọ ezi omume ga-ebilite, e bibiekwa mmehie iwu,<br> mmehie ga-apụkwa n'ụwa, ụdị ezi ihe niile wee bjakwasị<br> ya.<br> 2. Ma ugbua, nwa m, gaa mee ka nwa gị nwoke bụ Lemek<br> mara na nwa nwoke a a mụrụ bụ nwa ya n'ezie, nakwa na<br> nke a abụghị ụgha.<br> 3. Mgbe Metusela nụrụ okwu nwa ya bụ Inọk—n'ihi na o<br> gosiri ya ihe niile dị na nzuzo—ọ laghachiri wee gosi ya ha<br> wee kpọọ aha nwa ya nwoke bụ Noa; n'ihi na ọ ga-akasị<br> ụwa obi mgbe mbibi ahụ gasịrị.<br> <br> '''ISI nke 108'''<br> <br> 1. Akwụkwọ ọzọ nke Enoch dere maka nwa ya nwoke bụ<br> Metusela na maka ndị ga-esochi ya, ma debe iwu n'oge<br> ikpeazụ.<br> 2. Unu ndị mere ezi ihe ga-echere ụbọchị ndị ahụ ruo mgbe<br> ndị na-eme ihe ọjọọ ga-agwụ, ike nke ndị na-emebi iwu ga-<br> agwụkwa.<br> 3. Cherenụ ruo mgbe mmehie ga-apụ, n'ihi na a ga-<br> ehichapụ aha ha n'akwụkwọ nke ndụ na n'akwụkwọ nsọ, a<br> ga-ebibikwa mkpụrụ ha ruo mgbe ebighị ebi, a ga-egbukwa<br> mmụọ ha, ha ga-akwa ákwá ma kwaa ákwá n'ebe dị n'ọzara<br> nke jupụtara n'ọgba aghara, n'ime ọkụ ka ha ga-ere ọkụ;<br> n'ihi na ọ dịghị ụwa dị n'ebe ahụ.<br> 4. M wee hụ ihe dị ka ígwé ojii a na-anaghị ahụ anya n'ebe<br> ahụ; n'ihi na n'ihi omimi ya, enweghị m ike ilepụ anya n'elu<br> ya, ahụrụ m ire ọkụ nke na-enwu nke ọma, ihe dị ka ugwu<br> na-egbuke egbuke na-agbagharị ma na-efegharị.<br> 5. M wee jụọ otu n'ime ndị mmụọ ozi dị nsọ nọnyeere m<br> wee sị ya: 'Gịnị bụ ihe a na-enwu enwu?' n'ihi na ọ bụghị<br> {{c|32}} [[Category: Igbo]]<noinclude></noinclude> h0uc2qxeohqaj1dwetkabx1dhbgregx 104 448708 1335946 1333832 2026-04-27T06:35:35Z Ceentia 809926 /* Validated */ 1335946 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ceentia" /></noinclude>{{c|Akwụkwọ Inok }} 2. Mgbe nke ahu gasiri, ahuru m chi ndị buru ibu na ndi ojii, lee ha niile gbanwere ulo ha na ebe ha na-ata nri na anu ulo ha, wee malite ibi n'etiti onwe ha.<br> 3. Ahụrụ m ozo n'ohụ ahụ, legidekwa anya n'eluigwe, ma lee, ahuru m ottu kpakpando ka ha na-agbadata ma na- atuda onwe ha site n'eluigwe gaa na kpakpando mbụ ahu, ha wee gho chi n'etiti chi ndị ahy ma soro ha na-azu any ulọ.<br> 4. M lere ha anya wee hu, ha niile na-eweputa akuku ahu ha dị ka inyinya, wee malite ikpuchi chi nke chi ahu, ha niile wee turu ime ma gba oto, kamel, na inyinya ibu.<br> 5. Ehi nile wee tup ha egwu, ha wee malite ita ezé ha, iri ha, na ita mpi ha.<br> 6. Ha malitekwara iri ehi ndj ah; lee, umu uwa niile malitere ima jijiji ma maa juiji n'ihu ha ma gbapu n'ihu ha. '''ISI nke 87''' 1. Ahụrụ m ọzọ ka ha si malite ima ibe ha aka ma rie ibe ha, uwa wee malite iti mkpu ákwá.<br> 2. M wee welie anya m ozo lee eluigwe, ahurụ m n'ohuu ahụ, ma lee ihe dị ndụ dị ka ndị ocha si n'eluigwe puta, mmadụ ano wee si ebe ahụ pụo, ato sokwa ha.<br> 3. Mmadụ atọ ahụ ndị ikpeazụ putara jidere m aka m wee bulie m elu, site n'ogbo nke uwa, buliekwa m elu n'ebe di elu, gosikwa m ulo elu e wuru n'elu uwa, ugwu niile dikwa ala.<br> 4. Otu onye wee sị m: 'Norọ ebe a ruo mgbe i ga-ahu ihe niile na-eme enyi ndi ahụ, kamel, na inyinya ibu, kpakpando na ehi, na ha niile.' '''ISI nke 88''' 1. M wee hụ otu n'ime mmadụ ano ahu mbụ putara, o wee jide kpakpando mby ahu nke si n'eluigwe daa, kee ya aka na ukwụ wee tuba ya n'ime abis: ugbu a abis ahu dị warara ma dị omimi, dikwa egwu ma gbaa ochichiri.<br> 2. Otu n'ime ha wee doputa mma agha, nye enyi na kamel na inyinya ibu ndị ahu: ha wee malite iti ibe ha ihe, uwa dum wee maa jüjiji n'ihi ha.<br> 3. Ka m na-ahu n'ohụu ahu, lee, otu n'ime mmadu ano ahu putara tụọ ha nkume site n'eluigwe, wee chikota kpakpando ukwu niile nke akuky ahu ha di ka nke inyinya, kee ha niile aka na ukwụ, tuba ha n'ime abis nke uwa. '''ISI nke 89''' 1. Otu n'ime mmadu ano ahu wee gaa n'ebe chi ocha ahu nọ wee kuziere ya ihe nzuzo, n'atughị egwu: a mụrụ ya dị ka chi, o ghokwara nwoke, o wee wuo nnukwu ite maka onwe ya wee biri n'elu ya; chi ato wee biri n'ime ite ahu, ha wee kpuchiri onwe ha.<br> 2. M wee welie anya m elu ozo wee hụ elu ulo dị elu, nke nwere mmiri asaa n'elu ya, mmiri ndi ahu na-asoba n'ime ogige.<br> 3. M wee hụ ozọ, lee ka e meghere isi iyi n'elu nnukwu ogige ahu, mmiri ahu wee malite igbasa ma na-ebili n'elu ya, ahuru m ogige ahụ ruo mgbe mmiri kpuchiri elu ya niile.<br> 4. Mmiri ahu, ochichiri ahu, na igirigi ahy mubara n'elu ya; ka m na-ele anya n'idi elu nke mmiri ahu, mmiri ahu ebiliwo karja elu nke ogige ahu, o na-asofe n'elu ogige ahu, o wee guzoro n'elu uwa.<br> 5. A chikotara an ulọ niile dị n'ogige ahu ruo mgbe m hụrụ ka ha si mikpuo, e loda ha ma nwụo n'ime mmiri ahu.<br> 6. Ma ugbo mmiri ahu na-ese n'elu mmiri, ebe chi niile, enyi, kamel na inyinya ibu niile mikpuru n'ala ya na anumanu niile, nke mere na ahughi m ha ozo, ha enweghikwa ike igbapu, kama ha lara n'iyi ma mikpuo n'ime omimi.<br> 7. Ahurụ m zo n'ọhụu ah ruo mgbe e wepuru iyi mmiri ndị ahu n'elu ulo ahu dị elu, e wee mee ka oghere nke uwa dị larii ma meghee abyss ndi ozo.<br> 8. Mmiri wee malite igbada n'ime ha, ruo mgbe uwa putara ihè; mana aria ahu dara n'elu uwa, ochichiri ahu wee laa,hè wee puta ihè.<br> 9. Ma chi cha ahu nke ghoro mmadụ si n'ime ite ahu puta, ya na chi at ahu so ya, otu n'ime ha ato ah dikwa ocha dị ka ehi ahy, otu n'ime ha dikwa obara obara, otu dikwa oji: chi cha ahu wee si n'ebe ha nọ pụo. 10-27. Site n'Ọnwụ Noa ruo n'Ọpụpụ. 10. Ha wee malite imu anu ohịa na nnụnu, nke mere na udı dị iche iche putara: odum, agu, anu ohia wolf, nkita, hyenas, ezi ohia, nkita ohia, squirrels, ezì, aguba, udele, udele, ugo, na ugolooma; n'etiti ha ka a murụ chi ocha.<br> 11. Ha wee malite ita ibe ha; mana ehi ocha ahu nke a mụru n'etiti ha muru inyinya ibu ohia na ehi ocha na ya, inyinya ibu ohja wee mubaa.<br> 12. Ma chi ahu nke a muru site n'aka ya muru ezi ohia ojii na atur ocha; nke mbụ mụrụ otutụ ezi, mana aturu ahu mụrụ aturụ iri na abuo.<br> 13. Mgbe aturu iri na abuo ahu tolitere, hanyere inyinya ibu otu n'ime ha, inyinya ibu ndị ahu wee nye aturu ahu ọzọ nye nkịta ohịa, aturụ ahụ wee tolite n'etiti nkita ohia.<br> 14. Onyenweanyi kpotara aturu iri na otu ahụ ka ha biri na ya ma soro ya rie nri n'etiti anu ohja wolf: ha wee mubaa ma ghọo otụtụ igwè aturụ.<br> 15. Ndị nkịta ohịa malitere itu ha egwu, ha wee megbuo ha ruo mgbe ha bibiri umu ha, ha tubakwara umu ha n'ime osimiri nke juputara na mmiri: mana aturu ndị ahu malitere iti mkpu n'olu dara uda n'ihi umu ha, na-eme mkpesa nye Onyenwe ha.<br> 16. Otu aturu nke a zoputara n'aka anu ohja wolf wee gbapu gaa n'ebe inyinya ibu ohia dị; ahuru m aturu ka ha na-akwa ákwá ma na-eti mkpu, ma na-arjo Onyenwe ha n'ike ha niile, ruo mgbe Onyenwe aturu ahu si n'ebe obibi dị elu biarute n'olu aturu ahu, wee biakwute ha ma zuọ ha.<br> 17. Q kpokwara aturu ahu gbapuru n'anu ohia wolf, wee gwa ya okwu gbasara anu ohia wolf ka o dọo ha aka ná ntị ka ha ghara imetu aturu ahy aka.<br> 18. Aturụ ahụ wee gaa n'ebe anu ohịa wolf nọ dika okwu Onyenwe anyi si dị, aturu ozọ wee zute ya wee soro ya, ha abụo wee banye n'igwè anu ohia wolf ndị ahụ, gwakwa ha okwu ma dụo ha odụ ka ha ghara imetu aturụ ahu aka site ugbu a gaa n'ihu.<br> 19. Mgbe ahu, ahuru m nkita ohia, na otú ha si megbuo aturu ahu nke ukwuu site n'ike ha niile; aturu wee tie mkpu n'olu dara ụda. {{C|23}} [[Category: Igbo]]<noinclude></noinclude> 6e64s9cn3ylxm3hjvm1ylo29wss4b81 104 448715 1335945 1333833 2026-04-27T06:31:05Z Ceentia 809926 /* Validated */ 1335945 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ceentia" /></noinclude>{{c|Akwụkwọ Inọk }} nke a na-akpo Hilûjâseph: ubọchi ọchịchị nke onye ndu a agwula.<br> 18. Onye na-esochi ya bụ Hêl'emmêlêk, onye a kporo anyanwụ na-enwu enwu, ụbọchị niile nke ihè ya bukwa ubọchi iri itoolu na otu.<br> 19. The ndị a bụ ihe iriba ama nke ubochi ya n'uwa: okpomoku na-enwu enwu na nkụ, osisi ndị ahu na-achakwa mkpuru ha ma na-ami mkpuru ha niile chara acha ma dị njikere, aturu abuo na-aturu ime, a na-achikotakwa mkpuru niile nke uwa, na ihe niile dị n'ubi, na ebe a na-azocha mmanya vajn: ihe ndị a na-eme n'ụbọchi ọchịchi ya.<br> 20. Ndị a bụ aha, na iwu, na ndị isi nke ndị isi nke puku kwuru puku: Gidâijal, Kểêl, na Hêêl, na aha nke isi nke puku kwuru puku nke a gbakwunyere na ha, Asfä'êl: ụbọchị ọchịchị ya agwula. '''ISI nke 83''' 1. Ma ugbua, nwa m nwoke Metusela, m ga-egosi gị phụụ m niile m huru, na-akọ ha n'ihu gị.<br> 2. Qh bụ m hụụ tupu mụ alụọ nwunye, nke ahụ dịkwa nhọp iche na nke ọzọ: nke mbụ mgbe m na-amuta ide ihe: mc n tu mừ u nn gi, mge m hụụ phụụ dị egwu. Ekpere m ekpere maka ha nye Onyenwe anyi.<br> 3. Edina m n'ulo nna nna m Mahalalel, mgbe m hụrụ n'ohụụ ka eluigwe si daa ma bufee ya wee daa n'ala.<br> 4. Mgbe ọ dara n'ala, ahuru m ka e si loda uwa n'ime nnukwu abis, ugwu ndi kwugidere n'elu ugwu, ugwu ndị dara n'elu ugwu, osisi ndị dị elu gbawara n'osisi ha, tuda ha ma mikpuo n'ime abis.<br> 5. Okwu wee bata n'onu m, m wee welie olu m tie mkpu ike, sị: 'Ala emebiela.'<br> 6. Nna nna m Mahalalel kpotere m ka m dina n'akuku ya, wee sị m: 'Gini mere i ji na-ebe ákwá otú a, nwa m, ginikwa mere i ji na-ebe ákwá a?'<br> 7. M wee koọrọ ya phụụ ahụ niile m hụrụ, o wee sị m: 'The dị egwu ka i hụrụ, nwa m, ohụu gị dikwa njọ nke ukwuu gbasara ihe nzuzo nke mmehie niile nke uwa: o ga-emikpu n'ime abis ma bibie ya na nnukwu mbibi."<br> 8. Ma ugbua, nwa m nwoke, bilie ma riọ Onyenwe anyi nke otuto aririo, ebe i bụ onye kwere ekwe, ka ihe foduru wee digide n'uwa, ka o gharakwa ibibi uwa dum.<br> 9. Nwa m nwoke, ihe a niile ga-esi n'eluigwe bịa n'uwa, nnukwu mbibi ga-adikwa n'uwa.<br> 10. Mgbe nke ahu gasiri, ebiliri m, kpee ekpere, rio aririo, ma dee ekpere m maka ogbo nke uwa, m ga-egosikwa gi ihe niile, nwa m nwoke bu Metusela.<br> 11. Mgbe m putara n'ala wee hu eluigwe, anyanwụ na-awa n'owụwa anyanwụ, onwa na-ada n'odida anyanwụ, na kpakpando ole na ole, na uwa dum, na ihe niile dika o maara na mbu, mgbe ahu, agozire m Onyenwe anyi nke ikpe ma too Ya n'ihi na O mere ka anyanwụ puta site na windo nke owuwa anyanwụ, o rigoro wee bilie n'elu eluigwe, wee puo ma na-aga n'uzo e gosiri ya. '''ISI nke 84''' 1. M wee welie aka m elu n'ezi omume ma gọzie Onye Nso na Onye Ụkwụ, ma jiri ume nke ọnụ m na ire aṅụ ahụ kwuo okwu, nke Chineke kere maka um nke anu ahu mmadụ, ka ha wee jiri ya kwuo okwu, O nyekwara ha ume na ire na onu ka ha wee jiri ya kwuo okwu.<br> 2. 'Onye a goziri agozi, Onyenwe anyi, Eze, Onye di ukwuu ma dị ike n'idı ukwuu Gị, Onyenwe ihe niile e kere eke nke eluigwe, Eze nke ndị eze na Chineke nke uwa dum. Ike Gị na alaeze Gị na idi ukwuu Gị na-adigide ruo mgbe ebighi ebi, Na ruo ogbọ nile ochichi Gi; Eluigwe nile bukwa ocheeze Gị ruo mgbe ebighi ebi, uwa dum bukwa ihe mgbakwasi ukwụ Gị ruo mgbe ebighi ebi.'<br> 3. N'ihi na Gị onwe gi kere ihe niile, Gi onwe gi na-achikwa ihe niile, Q dighikwa ihe siri ike karja Gi, Amamihe adighi apu n'ebe ocheeze Gị dị, Q dighikwa apu n'ihu Gị. ! maara ma na-ahụ ma na-anu ihe niile, Q dighikwa ihe zoro ezo n'ebe | nọ n'ihi na ] na-ahu ihe niile.<br> 4. Ma ugbua, ndị mmuo ozi nke eluigwe gi bụ ndị ikpe mara, iwe gị na-adigidekwa n'anu ahu mmadu ruo nnukwu ubochi ikpe.<br> 5. Ugbua, Chineke na Onyenwe anyi na Eze Ukwu, ana m arjo gị ma na-ario gị ka i mezuo ekpere m, ka m hapu umu m n'uwa, ka m ghara ibibi anu ahu mmadụ niile, ka uwa gharakwa ibu ebe obibi, ka e wee bibie ya ruo mgbe ebighi ebi.<br> 6. Ma ugbua, Onyenwe m, bibie anu ahu nke kpalitere iwe Gị n'uwa, Ma anu ahụ nke ezi omume na izi ezi na-eguzo dị ka osisi nke mkpuru ebighi ebi, Ezobekwala ihu Gi n'ekpere ohu Gị, Onyenwe anyị.<br> '''ISI nke 85''' 1. Mgbe nke a gasiri, ahurụ m nrọ ozọ, m ga-egosikwa gi nrọ ahụ dum, nwa m.<br> 2. Enok wee welie olu ya wee gwa nwa ya nwoke bu Metusela, sị: "Gị, nwa m, ka m ga-agwa okwu: nuru okwu m- togharja ntị gi gaa n'ọhụụ nrọ nke nna gị.<br> 3. Tupu mụ akporo nne gi Edna, ahuru m n'ohuu n'elu ihe ndina m, lee otu ehi si n'ala puta, ehi ahy dikwa ocha; mgbe o mechara puta, otu chi nwere chi, tinyere nke ikpeazu a, abuọ putara, otu n'ime ha bu oji, nke ozọ bụ uhie.<br> 4. Ehi ojii ahu wee chupu nke uhie uhie ahu ma chusoo ya n'elu ala, mgbe nke ahu gasirj, ahughị m ehi uhie ahu ozọ.<br> 5. Ma ehi ojii ahu toro, ehi ahu sokwa ya, ahurụ m na otutu chi si n'ebe ọ nọ puta, ndi yiri ya ma na-eso ya.<br> 6. Ehi ahu, nke mbụ ahụ, si n'ihu ehi mbụ ahụ pụọ ichọ nke uhie ahụ, mana o hughị ya, o wee kwaa ákwá nke ukwuu maka ya wee chọo ya.<br> 7. M wee legide anya ruo mgbe chi mbụ ahụ biakwutere ya wee mee ka o daa juu, site n'oge ahu gaa n'ihu, ọ kwusikwara ikwa ákwá ozọ.<br> 8. Mgbe nke ahu gasiri, ọ mụrụ chi ọcha ọzọ, mgbe ọ gasiri, ọ mụrụ ọtụtụ chi na chi ojii.<br> 9. Ahurụ m n'ura m na ehi ocha ahụ na-etokwa ma ghọọ nnukwu chi ocha, otutụ chi ocha sikwa n'aka Ya puta, ha yikwara ya. Ha wee malite imu tutụ ehi ocha, ndị yiri ha, otu na-eso ibe ya, obụna otutụ.<br> '''ISI nke 86''' 1. M wee jiri anya m hụ ozọ ka m na-chi ụra, m wee hu eluigwe dị n'elu, ma lee kpakpando si n'eluigwe daa, o wee bilie ma rie nri n'etiti ehi ndị ahụ.<br> {{C|22}} [[Category: Igbo]]<noinclude></noinclude> 37t9oymzdarjzc9mwtx0uxvfhh46cli 104 448735 1335948 1333827 2026-04-27T06:41:10Z Ceentia 809926 /* Validated */ 1335948 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ceentia" /></noinclude>{{c|Akwụkwọ Inọk}} 8. Ahụhụ ga-adịrụ unu, ndị dike, ndị ji ike na-emegbu ndị ezi omume; N'ihi na ụbọchị mbibi unu na-abịa. N'oge ahụ, ọtụtụ ụbọchị dị mma ga-abịara ndị ezi omume - n'ụbọchị ikpe unu.<br> <br> '''ISI nke 97'''<br> <br> 1. Kwerenụ, unu ndị ezi omume, na ndị mmehie ga-aghọ ihe ihere, ha ga-alakwa n'iyi n'ụbọchị ajọ omume.<br> 2. Ka unu mara na Onye Kasị Elu na-echeta mbibi unu, Ndị Mmụọ Ozi nke Eluigwe na-aṅụrịwa ọṅụ maka mbibi unu.<br> 3. Gịnị ka unu ga-eme, unu ndị mmehie, Ebee ka unu ga-agba ọsọ n'ụbọchị ikpe ahụ, mgbe unu nụrụ olu ekpere nke ndị ezi omume?<br> 4. Ee, unu ga-adị ka ha, bụ ndị okwu a ga-abụ ihe akaebe megide: "Unu abụrụla ndị enyi nke ndị mmehie."<br> 5. N'ụbọchị ndị ahụ, ekpere nke ndị ezi omume ga-erute Onyenwe anyị, ụbọchị ikpe gị ga-abjakwara gị.<br> 6. A ga-agụpụtakwa okwu niile gbasara ajọ omume unu n'ihu Onye Nsọ Ukwu ahụ, ihu unu ga-adịkwa ka ihere, Ọ ga-ajụkwa ọrụ ọ bụla dabere na ajọ omume.<br> 7. Ahụhụ ga-adịrụ unu, ndị mmehie, ndị bi n'etiti oké osimiri na n'ala kpọrọ nkụ, ndị ncheta ha bụ ihe ọjọọ megide unu.<br> 8. Ahụhụ ga-adịrụ unu ndị na-azụta ọlaọcha na ọlaedo n'ajọ omume ma na-asị: "Anyị abụrụla ọgaranya n'akụnụba ma nwee ihe onwunwe; anyị enwetawokwa ihe niile anyị chọrọ."<br> 9. Ugbu a, ka anyị mee ihe anyị zubere ime: N'ihi na anyị anakọtawo ego, ndị ọrụ ubi dịkwa ọtụtụ n'ụlọ anyị. Ụlọ nkwakọba ihe anyị jupụtara dị ka mmiri;<br> 10. Ee, ụgha gị ga-asọpụ dị ka mmiri; N'ihi na akụnụba gị agaghị adịgide, kama ọ ga-esi n'ebe i nọ pụọ ngwa ngwa; N'ihi na unu enwetawo ya niile n'ajọ omume, a ga-enyekwa unu nnukwu ọbụbụ ọṅụ.<br> <br> '''ISI nke 98'''<br> <br> 1. Ma ugbua, ana m anụ iyi nye unu, ndị maara ihe na ndị nzuzu, n'ihi na unu ga-enweta ọtụtụ ahụmihe n'ụwa.<br> 2. N'ihi na unu ga-eyi ihe ịchọ mma karịa nwaanyị, na uwe agba karịa nwa agbọghọ: n'alaeze na n'ịdị elu na n'ike, na n'ọlaọcha na n'ọlaedo na n'acha odo odo, na n'ịma mma na n'ihe oriri, a ga-awụsa ha dị ka mmiri.<br> 3. Ya mere, ha ga-enwe ụkọ n'ozizi na amamihe, ha ga-alakwa n'iyi site na nke a, ha na ihe onwunwe ha; Na ebube ha niile na ịma mma ha, na ihere na ogbugbu na nnukwu ịda ogbenye, a ga-atụba mmụọ ha n'ọkụ ọkụ.<br> 4. Anụọla m unu iyi, unu ndị mmehie, dịka ugwu na-aghọghị ohu, ugwu na-abụghịkwa ohu nwaanyị, otu a ka e zigaghị mmehie n'ụwa, kama mmadụ kere ya, ndị mere ya ga-ada n'okpuru nnukwu nkọcha.<br> 5. E nyeghịkwa nwaanyị ahụ ịmụ nwa, kama ọ nwụrụ n'ihi ihe aka ya mere.<br> 6. Anụọla m unu iyi, unu ndị mmehie, site n'aka Onye Nsọ Ukwu, na a ga-ekpughe ihe ọjọọ unu niile n'eluigwe, na ọ dịghịkwa ihe ọ bụla n'ime mmegbu unu nke a na-ekpuchi ma zoo.<br> 7. Echekwala echiche n'ime mmụọ gị ma ọ bụ kwuo n'obi gị na ị maghị na ị hụghị na a na-ede mmehie niile kwa ụbọchị n'eluigwe n'ihu Onye Kasị Elu.<br> 8. Site ugbu a gaa n'ihu, unu maara na a na-ede mmegbu unu niile unu na-emegbu kwa ụbọchị ruo ụbọchị ikpe unu.<br> 9. Ahụhụ ga-adịrụ unu, ndị nzuzu, n'ihi na site na nzuzu unu ka unu ga-ala n'iyi: unu na-emebikwa ndị maara ihe, ka ihe ọma ghara ịbụ òkè unu.<br> 10. Ma ugbua, maranụ na unu dị njikere maka ụbọchị mbibi: gịnị mere unu enweghị olileanya ịdị ndụ, unu ndị mmehie, kama unu ga-apụ ma nwụọ; n'ihi na unu amaghị ihe mghapụta ọ bụla; n'ihi na unu dị njikere maka ụbọchị ikpe ukwu ahụ, maka ụbọchị mkpagbu na nnukwu ihere maka mmụọ unu.<br> 11. Ahụhụ ga-adịrụ unu, ndị obi siri ike, ndị na-eme ihe ọjọọ ma na-eri ọbara: Olee ebe unu si nweta ihe ọma iri na ịṅụ ihe ọṅụṅụ na afọ ojuju? Site n'ihe ọma niile nke Onyenwe anyị Onye Kasị Elu tinyere n'ụba n'ụwa; ya mere unu agaghị enwe udo.<br> 12. Ahụhụ ga-adịrụ unu ndị hụrụ omume ajọ omume n'anya: gịnị mere unu ji na-atụ anya ihe ọma ga-adịrụ unu onwe unu? Mara na a ga-enye unu n'aka ndị ezi omume, ha ga-ebipụkwa olu unu ma gbuo unu, ha agaghịkwa emere unu ebere.<br> 13. Ahụhụ ga-adịrụ unu ndị na-aṅụrị ọṅụ n'ahụhụ nke ndị ezi omume; n'ihi na a gaghị egwu ili ọ bụla maka unu.<br> 14. Ahụhụ ga-adịrụ unu ndị na-eleghara okwu ndị ezi omume anya; n'ihi na unu agaghị enwe olileanya ndụ.<br> 15. Ahụhụ ga-adịrụ unu ndị na-ede okwu ụgha na okwu na-adịghị mma; n'ihi na ha na-ede okwu ụgha ha ka ndị mmadụ wee nụ ha ma mee ihe na-adịghị mma megide onye agbata obi ha.<br> 16. Ya mere, ha agaghị enwe udo kama ha ga-anwụ ọnwụ mberede.<br> <br> '''ISI nke 99'''<br> <br> 1. Ahụhụ ga-adịrụ unu ndị na-anaghị asọpụrụ Chineke, ndị na-anya isi n'ụgha ma na-eto ha: Unu ga-ala n'iyi, ndụ obi ụtọ agaghị abụ nke unu.<br> 2. Ahụhụ ga-adịrụ ndị na-agbagọ okwu ziri ezi, na-emebi iwu ebighị ebi, ma na-agbanwe onwe ha ka ha bụrụ ihe na na-abụghị ndị mmehie: A ga-azọ ha ụkwụ n'ụwa.<br> 3. N'ụbọchị ndị ahụ, kwadebenụ ekpere unu dị ka ihe ncheta, ma debe ha dị ka ihe akaebe n'ihu ndị mmụọ ozi, ka ha wee debe mmehie nke ndị mmehie dị ka ihe ncheta n'ihu Onye Kasị Elu.<br> 4. N'oge ahụ, mba dị iche iche ga-ebili, ezinụlọ dị iche iche ga-ebilikwa n'ụbọchị mbibi.<br> 5. N'ụbọchị ndị ahụ, ndị ogbenye ga-apụ ma buru ụmụ ha, ha ga-ahapụkwa ha, ka ụmụ ha wee laa n'iyi site na ha: Ee, ha ga-ahapụ ụmụ ha ka bụ ụmụ ara, ha agaghị alaghachikwutekwa ha, ha agaghịkwa enwe ọmịiko n'ebe ndị ha hụrụ n'anya nọ.<br> 6. Ma ọzọ, m na-anụ iyi nye unu, unu ndị mmehie, na mmehie dị njikere maka ụbọchị nke ọbara na-adịghị akwụsị akwụsị.<br> 7. Ndị na-efe nkume, na ihe oyiyi a kpurụ akpụ nke ọlaedo, ọlaọcha, osisi, nkume na ụrọ, na ndị na-efe mmụọ na mmụọ ọjọọ na ụdị arụsị niile na-adịghị ka ihe ọmụma si dị, agaghị enweta enyemaka ọ bụla n'aka ha.<br> {{c|29}} [[Category: Igbo]]<noinclude></noinclude> nyz5w5q7v2s96ugj0jmtgihnv7nuamb 828 448978 1335890 1334800 2026-04-26T15:45:01Z Catonif 622571 rm metadata rules, use Wikitext for the image 1335890 Scribunto text/plain local p = {} local utils = require('Module:XML/utils') local formatting_rules = { _default = { tag = 'span' }, _text = { text = function (node) text = node._content; if node._index < #node._parent then return text else return text:gsub('%s+$', '') end end }, front = { ignore = true }, body = { ignore = true }, titlePage = { tag = 'div' }, teiHeader = { hide = true }, TEI = { tag = 'div' }, text = { ignore = true }, lb = function (node) -- Show line breaks only if in <titlePage> or <signed>. if utils.is_within(node, function (node) return node._tag == 'titlePage' or node._tag == 'signed' end) then return '<br>' else return '' end end, pb = { text = function (node) if not node.n then mw.log('WARNING: Missing n parameter from tag pb') end return '[p. '..node.n..']' end, tag = 'span', unique_id = true, }, bibl = { tag = 'div' }, signed = { tag = 'div' }, hi = { attributes = { style = function(node) return node.style end, class = function(node) return node.rend end, }, }, head = { tag = 'div' }, } p.rules = { utils.concat_rules(formatting_rules, { _info = { name = 'Original script', css_id = 'og', }, w = { attributes = { title = function(node) return node.norm end }, unique_id = true, }, }), utils.concat_rules(formatting_rules, { _info = { name = 'Transcribed', css_id = 'og', }, w = { text = function(node) return node.norm end, unique_id = true, }, }), { _info = { name = 'Original scan', css_id = 'scan', }, _default = { ignore = true }, _text = { hide = true }, teiHeader = { hide = true }, note = { hide = true }, pb = { text = function (node) local page_num = node.n if not page_num then mw.log('WARNING: Missing n parameter from tag pb.') end return '<span>[p. '..page_num..']</span>'..'[[File:Veqilharxhi - Ëvetar (1845).djvu|500px|page='..page_num..']]' end, tag = 'div', unique_id = true, } } } return p p8jvs4n4s37rvitns3irf4nvtj548r4 0 448979 1335886 1331961 2026-04-26T15:10:21Z Catonif 622571 move metadata to mainspace trouble 1335886 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header|title=Fare i ri ëvetar shqip|author=Naum Veqilharxhi|section=Kopertinë|next=[[Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/Epigraf|Epigraf]]|year=1845}} {{#invoke:TEI|test}} o3jjykfu3dc216cs2otbxihj1ikugqu 1335894 1335886 2026-04-26T15:57:40Z Catonif 622571 use template 1335894 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header|title=Fare i ri ëvetar shqip|author=Naum Veqilharxhi|section=Kopertinë|next=[[Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/Epigraf|Epigraf]]|year=1845}} {{TEI|xml=Fare i ri ëvetar shqip|lua=Fare i ri ëvetar shqip|css=Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/styles.css}} mtj1gqgsj41lhprnc4yb82uqmbzq2if 1335995 1335894 2026-04-27T11:47:54Z Catonif 622571 1335995 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header|title=Fare i ri ëvetar shqip|author=Naum Veqilharxhi|section=Kopertinë|next=[[Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/Epigraf|Epigraf]]|year=1845}} {{TEI|xml=Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/01|lua=Fare i ri ëvetar shqip|css=Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/styles.css}} 5leezb9mtg1ucseqvrsf7mi4e8hqab9 1335998 1335995 2026-04-27T11:55:16Z Catonif 622571 Catonif moved page [[User:Catonif/TEI:Fare i ri ëvetar shqip]] to [[Fare i ri ëvetar shqip]] without leaving a redirect 1335995 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header|title=Fare i ri ëvetar shqip|author=Naum Veqilharxhi|section=Kopertinë|next=[[Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/Epigraf|Epigraf]]|year=1845}} {{TEI|xml=Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/01|lua=Fare i ri ëvetar shqip|css=Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/styles.css}} 5leezb9mtg1ucseqvrsf7mi4e8hqab9 104 449243 1335943 1333831 2026-04-27T06:22:13Z Ceentia 809926 /* Validated */ 1335943 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ceentia" /></noinclude>{{C|Akwụkwọ Inọk}} 3. N'oge ndị ahụ, mkpụrụ nke ụwa ga-ala azụ, ha agaghi eto n'oge ha, a ga-ejidekwa mkpuru nke osisi n'oge ha.<br> 4. Onwa ga-agbanwe usoro ya, o gaghị aputakwa n'oge ya.<br> 5. N'ụbọchị ndị ahụ, anyanwụ ga-aputa ihè, o ga-ejekwa ije n'uhuruchi n'akuku ugbọ inyinya ukwu ahu n'odida anyanwụ, o ga-enwukwa nke oma karịa ka ihè si dị.<br> 6. Qtụtụ ndị isi kpakpando ga-emebi iwu e nyere. Ndị a ga-agbanwekwa okirikiri na oru ha, ha agaghikwa apụta n'oge e nyere ha.<br> 7. A ga-ezobekwa usoro kpakpando niile n'ebe ndị mmehie nọ, echiche nke ndị nọ n'uwa ga-eduhiekwa ha, a ga-agbanwekwa ha site n'ụzọ ha niile, Ee, ha ga-emehie ma were ha dị ka chi.<br> 8. The ojoo ga-amubakwa ha, ntaramahuhu ga-abjakwasikwa ha iji bibie ihe niile. '''ISI nke 81''' 1. O wee sị m: 'Lee, Inok, mbadamba ihe ndị a dị n'eluigwe, Guokwa ihe e dere na ha, ma riba ama eziokwu o bula di n'otu n'otu.'<br> 2. M wee hụ mbadamba nkume eluigwe, guo ihe niile e dere n'elu ya, ghotakwa ihe niile, guokwa akwukwo nke ihe niile mmadu mere, na nke umu anụ ahu niile ga-ano n'uwa ruo ogbọ ndị dị anya.<br> 3. Ozugbo ahu, m wee gozie Onyenwe anyi ukwu, Eze nke otuto ruo mgbe ebighi ebi, n'ihi na O meela ihe niile di n'uwa, Ekelekwara m Onyenwe anyi n'ihi ndidi Ya, Ma gọzie Ya n'ihi umụ mmadụ.<br> 4. Mgbe nke ahụ gasiri, m kwuru, sị: 'Ngọzi na-adiri onye nwuru n'ezi omume na idi mma, onye a na-edeghi akwukwo ajọ omume banyere ya, onye a na-agaghị ahukwa ụbọchị ikpe megide.'<br> 5. Ndị nsọ asaa ahu kpotara m wee tinye m n'ala n'ihu onụ uzọ ulọ m, wee sị m: "Koor nwa gi nwoke Metusela ihe niile, gosikwa umu gị niile na o dighi anu ahu ziri ezi n'anya Onyenwe anyi, n'ihi na Q bụ Onye Okike ha."<br> 6. Otu afo anyi ga-ahapu gị na nwa gị nwoke, ruo mgbe i ga-enye iwu ikpeazu gi, ka i wee kuziere umu gi ihe ma dekọę ya maka ha, ma gbaa umu gi niile àmà; n'afo nke abuo ha ga-akporo gị puo n'etiti ha.<br> 7. Ka obi gi sie ike, N'ihi na ezi mmadu ga-akposa ezi omume nye ezi mmadụ; Ndị ezi omume na ndị ezi omume ga-anuri onu, ha ga-ekelekwa ibe ha.<br> 8. Ma ndị mmehie ga-anwuko na ndị mmehie, onye dapuru n'ezi ofufe ga-alakwa na onye dapuru n'ezi ofufe.<br> 9. Ndị na-eme ezi omume ga-anwụ n'ihi omume mmadu, a ga-ewepukwa ha n'ihi omume nke ndị na-anaghi asopuru Chineke.<br> 10. N'oge ahụ ha kwusiri igwa m okwu, m wee biakwute ndị m, na-agozi Onyenwe anyi nke uwa. '''ISI nke 82''' 1. Ma ugbua, nwa m nwoke Metusela, ihe ndi a niile ka m na-ako gi ma na-edetara gi, ekpughekwara m gi ihe niile, nyekwa gị akwukwo gbasara ihe ndị a nile: Ya mere, nwa m nwoke Metusela, debe akwukwo ndị ahu n'aka nna gi, hukwa na i na-enye ha nye ogbo nke uwa.<br> 2. Enyela m gi na umụ gị amamihe, na umu gi ndị ga-abụ gi, ka ha wee nye ya umu ha ruo ogbọ dị iche iche, amamihe a nke gafere echiche ha.<br> 3. Ndị ghotara ya agaghị chi ura, kama ha ga-eji nti gee ntị ka ha mụta amamihe a, o ga-atọkwa ndị na-eri ya utọ karja nri dị mma.<br> 4. Ngọzi na-adiri ndị ezi ọmụme niile, ngozi na-adiri ndi niile na-eje ije n'uzo ezi omume ma na-eme mmehie o bụghị dị ka ndị mmehie, n'iguta ubochi niile ha nke anyanwụ na-agafe n'eluigwe, na-abanye ma na-apu n'ọnu ụzọ ámá ruo ụbọchị iri atọ ya na isi puku kwuru puku nke usoro kpakpando, tinyere ano ndị a na-ejikota onu nke kewara akukụ ano nke afo, nke na-edu ha ma na-abanye na ha ubọchị ano.<br> 5. N'ihi ha, ndị mmadu ga-ata ahuhu ma ghara iguta ha n'ime ngukota oge nke afo ahu dum: ee, ndị mmadụ ga-ata ahuhu, ha agaghikwa amata ha nke oma.<br> 6. N'ihi na ha bụ nke mgbakota nke afo ahu, e dekokwara ha n'ezie ruo mgbe ebighi ebi, otu n'onu uzọ mbụ na otu n'ime nke ato, otu n'ime nke ano na otu n'ime nke isii, afo ahu ga-agwukwa n'ime ubochi nari ato na iri isii na ano.<br> 7. Akuko ya ziri ezi, a gukotakwara ya nke oma; n'ihi na ndị na-enye ihè, onwa na ememme, na afo na ubochi, ka Uriel gosiri m ma kpugheere m, onye Onyenwe ihe niile e kere eke nke uwa nyefere usuu ndi agha nke eluigwe.<br> 8. O nwekwara ike n'elu abali na chihie n'eluigwe ime ka ihè nye umu mmadu ihè - anyanwụ, onwa, na kpakpando, na ike nile nke eluigwe nke na-agbaghari n'ugboala ha di okirikiri.<br> 9. Ndị a bukwa usoro kpakpando, ndị na-eguzo n'onodụ ha, na n'oge na ememme ha na onwa ha.<br> 10. Ndị a bukwa aha ndị na-edu ha, ndi na-ele anya ka ha na-abanye n'oge ha, n'usoro ha, n'oge ha, n'onwa ha, n'oge chịchi ha, na n'okwa ha.<br> 11. Ndị ndu ha ano, ndị kewara akuku ano nke afo, na-abanye na mbu; mgbe ha gasiri, ndi ndu iri na abuo nke usoro ndị ahu, ndị kewara onwa; na ubochi nari ato na iri isii, e nwere ndị isi puku kwuru puku ndị na-ekewa ubochi ahụ; na maka ubochi anọ dị n'etiti, e nwere ndi ndu na-ekewa akuku ano nke afo ahu.<br> 12. Ndị isi a kariri puku kwuru puku na-agbakota n'etiti onye ndu na onye ndu, onye o bula n'azu otu ody, mana ndi ndu ha na-ekewa. Ndi a bụ aha ndi ndu na-ekewa akuku ano nke afo ahu nke e chiri echichi: Milki'êl, Hel'emmêlêk, na Mêl'êjal, na Nârêl.<br> 13. Aha ndị na-edu ha: Adnâr'êl, na Îjâsûsa'êl, na 'Elômêêl'-atọ ndị a na-eso ndị isi nke iwu ahu,<br> 14. e nwekwara otu nke na-esọ ndị isi ato nke iwu ndị na- eso ndị isi nke odụ ndị na-ekewa akuku ano nke afo ahụ.<br> 15. Ná mmalite afo, Melkejâl biliri wee chia, onye a na-akpo Tam'âinî na anyanwụ, ubochi niile nke ochịchi ya mgbe ọ na-achị bụ ubọchị iri itoolu na otu.<br> 16. Ihe ndị a bụ ihe iriba ama nke ubochi ndị a ga-ahu n'uwa n'oge ochịchi ya: osuso, okpomoky, na juu; osisi niile na-amikwa mkpuru, akwukwọ na-amiputakwa n'osisi niile, na owuwe ihe ubi nke oka wit, na okooko osisi rose, na okooko osisi niile na-aputa n'ohja, mana osisi nke oge oyi na-akponwụ akponwụ.<br> 17. Ndị a bụ aha ndị ndu nọ n'okpuru ha: Berka'êl, Zêlebs'êl, na onye ozo a gbakwunyere onyeisi otu puku, {{c|21}} [[Category: Igbo]]<noinclude></noinclude> houyaa3mxlxkm0fivlmqqzat3liq3c3 104 449305 1335962 1333851 2026-04-27T07:34:50Z Ceentia 809926 /* Validated */ 1335962 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ceentia" /></noinclude>{{rh||App — Apt|13}} {{Rule}} Appal; — '''Beku, dji egwu, tu egwu;''' — Pâlir d’effroi; v. n.<br> Apparel; — '''Afe, akwa, awo;''' — Vêtement, effets; s.<br> Apparent; — '''Gbatu elu, selu enu;''' — Évident, apparent; adj.<br> Apparition; — '''Mo;''' — Apparition, fantôme; s.<br> Appeal; — '''Kpoku, kpotulu;''' — Appeler en témoignage; v. a.<br> Appear; — '''Puta ife;''' — Apparaître; v. n.<br> Appearance; — '''Iputa ife;''' — Apparence; s.<br> Appeasable; — '''Di-ndokwa, di-ndokwata;''' — Conciliant; adj.<br> Appease; — '''Dokwa, mari;''' — Apaiser; v. a.<br> Appeasement; — '''Ndokwa, nmari;''' — Apaisement; s.<br> Appellant; — '''Onye n’kpoku;''' — Appelant à partie; s<br> Append; — '''Gbakonye;''' — Suspendre, accrocher; v. a.<br> Appertain; — '''Dili, lu;''' — Appartenir; v. n.<br> Appetence; — '''Agundjo;''' — Appétence, sensualité; s.<br> Appetite; — '''Agu;''' — Appétit, faim; s.<br> Applaud; — '''Nyoli;''' — Applaudir; v. a.<br> Applause; — '''Nyoli;''' — Applaudissement; s.<br> Application; — '''Ūgu, ufi, ntasi, ntukwasi;''' — Application; s.<br> Apply; — '''Tukwasi, tinye;''' — Appliquer; v. a.<br> Appoint; — '''Ranye, ka;''' — Désigner; v. a.<br> Appointment; — '''Nranye;''' — Rendez-vous; s.<br> Apportion; — '''Ke, kenyé;''' — Partager; v. a.<br> Appreciable; — '''Di-ntunye, di-mgbanye;''' — Appréciable; adj.<br> Appreciate; — '''Tunye, gbanye;''' — Apprécier; v. a.<br> Appreciation; — '''Ntunye mgbanye;''' — Appréciation; s.<br> Apprehend; — '''Nwude, nwuta, ghota, tuta;''' — Appréhender; v. a.<br> Apprehensible; — '''Di-nwuta, di-nghota, di-ntututa;''' — Convenable; adj.<br> Apprentice; — '''Nwa-olu;''' — Apprenti; s.<br> Apprise; — '''Gwata, takwunye;''' — Informer; v. a.<br> Approach; — '''Kpudebe, djedebe;''' — Approcher; v. a., s’approcher; v. n.<br> Approbation; — '''Nkwenye, ndanyelu;''' — Approbation; s.<br> Appropriate; — '''Kwesili, kurilote, djululu, losili;''' — Approprier; v. a.<br> Appropriation; — '''Nwesi;''' — Appropriation; s.<br> Approval; — '''Nkwenye, ndanyelu;''' — Approbation; s.<br> Approve; — '''Lo, kwenye, danyelu;''' — Approuver; v. a.<br> Approximate; — '''Wedebe, kpodobe;''' — Rapprocher; v. a.<br> Approximation; — '''Nkpudebe, Nnodebe, Ndidebe;''' — Approximation; s.<br> Apt; — '''Losili, kwesili;''' — Apte, propre à; adj.<br> Aptitude; — '''Ntosi, nkwesi;''' — Aptitude; s.<br> Aptness; — '''Ntosi, nkwesi;''' — Aptitude; s.<br> [[Category:Igbo]]<noinclude></noinclude> ju5vuf12e3fbtb92pk0i3npluswaw6w 104 449354 1335960 1334601 2026-04-27T07:32:27Z Ceentia 809926 1335960 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Johnnybam" /></noinclude>{{rh||Awo—Bag|19}} {{Rule}} Avoid; — '''Ze, zelu, ghado;''' — Eviter; v. a.<br> Avouch; — '''Kwusike;''' — Affirmer, attester; v. a.<br> Axe; — '''Anyike, Anyu, anyuke;''' — Hache; s.<br> Axiom; — '''Inu-akuku;''' — Axiome; s.<br> Azure; — '''Agolo;''' — Azur; s.<br> {{RunningHeader|center={{Xxx-larger|'''B'''}}}} Babble; — '''Gu, gu-isa;''' — Babiller; v. n.<br> Babbler; — '''Ogu-isa, okwa-isa;''' — Bavard; s.<br> Babe; — '''Nwa, nwata, nwa-ofu, nwa-omagwo;''' — Bébé, enfant; s.<br> Baboon; — '''Adaka;''' — Babouin; s.<br> Babyish; — '''Dika-nwa-ofu, dika-nwata;''' Puéril, enfantin; adj.<br> Bacchanal; — '''Olamanya, olakamanya;''' — Ivrogne; s.<br> Bacchanals; — '''Olili-na-olala;''' — Bacchanales;<br> Bachelor; — '''Okpokolo;''' — Célibataire, garçon; s.<br> Bachelorship; — '''Okwa-okpokolo, onodu-okpokolo;''' — Célibat; s.<br> Back; — '''Azu, ukute-azu, s. azu, n’azu;''' adv. — Derrière, dos; s.<br> par derrière; adv.<br> Back (to); — '''Lia, ligo, kwunyelu, nodolu;''' — Reculer; v. n.<br> Backbite; — '''Kpe, fo, kpe-ikpe, kpeça;''' — Médire; v. n.<br> Backbiter; — '''Onye-nkpeça;''' — Médisant; s.<br> Backbiting; — '''Ikpe, ufo, nkpeça;''' — Médisance; s.<br> Backbone; — '''Okpukpu-azu, ukolokoto-azu;''' — Epine dorsale; s.<br> Backdoor: — '''Uzo-owele, uzo-azu-uno, onu-uzo-abali;''' — Porte de<br> Background; — '''Azu-uno;''' — Arrière-boutique; s. [derrière; s.]<br> Backside; — '''Azu;''' — Derrière; s.<br> Backslide; — '''Da, dapu, çigha-azu;''' — Apostasier; v. a.<br> Backslider; — '''Onye-çighalu-azu;''' — Apostat; s.<br> Backsliding; — '''Içigha-azu, naapu;''' — Apostasie; s.<br> Backward; — '''Azu, n’azu;''' — Mou, peu actif; adj.<br> Backwardness; — '''Ina-azu;''' — Mollesse s.<br> Bacon; — '''Anu-ezi-agbalu-nnu;''' — Lard; s.<br> Bad; — '''Adjo, odjo, odjoka;''' — Mauvais; adj.<br> Baffle; — '''Fye;''' — Déconcerter, déjouer; v. a.<br> Baft; — '''Adja, akwa-adja;''' — Coutil gris; s.<br> Bag; — '''Akpa, s. Tinye n’akpa, tepulu;''' v. — Boite, s. remplir; v. a.<br> Bagatelle; — '''Ife-anamar-afaya;''' — Bagatelle; s.<br> Baggage; — '''Ibu, Ife-idje, ife-ekeke;''' — Bagage, fardeau; s.<br> {{Right|2}} [[Category: Igbo]]<noinclude></noinclude> 2spev1gze9puz0fu7rflcc9tb5hw2kp 1335961 1335960 2026-04-27T07:32:52Z Ceentia 809926 /* Validated */ 1335961 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ceentia" /></noinclude>{{rh||Awo—Bag|19}} {{Rule}} Avoid; — '''Ze, zelu, ghado;''' — Eviter; v. a.<br> Avouch; — '''Kwusike;''' — Affirmer, attester; v. a.<br> Axe; — '''Anyike, Anyu, anyuke;''' — Hache; s.<br> Axiom; — '''Inu-akuku;''' — Axiome; s.<br> Azure; — '''Agolo;''' — Azur; s.<br> {{RunningHeader|center={{Xxx-larger|'''B'''}}}} Babble; — '''Gu, gu-isa;''' — Babiller; v. n.<br> Babbler; — '''Ogu-isa, okwa-isa;''' — Bavard; s.<br> Babe; — '''Nwa, nwata, nwa-ofu, nwa-omagwo;''' — Bébé, enfant; s.<br> Baboon; — '''Adaka;''' — Babouin; s.<br> Babyish; — '''Dika-nwa-ofu, dika-nwata;''' Puéril, enfantin; adj.<br> Bacchanal; — '''Olamanya, olakamanya;''' — Ivrogne; s.<br> Bacchanals; — '''Olili-na-olala;''' — Bacchanales;<br> Bachelor; — '''Okpokolo;''' — Célibataire, garçon; s.<br> Bachelorship; — '''Okwa-okpokolo, onodu-okpokolo;''' — Célibat; s.<br> Back; — '''Azu, ukute-azu, s. azu, n’azu;''' adv. — Derrière, dos; s.<br> par derrière; adv.<br> Back (to); — '''Lia, ligo, kwunyelu, nodolu;''' — Reculer; v. n.<br> Backbite; — '''Kpe, fo, kpe-ikpe, kpeça;''' — Médire; v. n.<br> Backbiter; — '''Onye-nkpeça;''' — Médisant; s.<br> Backbiting; — '''Ikpe, ufo, nkpeça;''' — Médisance; s.<br> Backbone; — '''Okpukpu-azu, ukolokoto-azu;''' — Epine dorsale; s.<br> Backdoor: — '''Uzo-owele, uzo-azu-uno, onu-uzo-abali;''' — Porte de<br> Background; — '''Azu-uno;''' — Arrière-boutique; s. [derrière; s.]<br> Backside; — '''Azu;''' — Derrière; s.<br> Backslide; — '''Da, dapu, çigha-azu;''' — Apostasier; v. a.<br> Backslider; — '''Onye-çighalu-azu;''' — Apostat; s.<br> Backsliding; — '''Içigha-azu, naapu;''' — Apostasie; s.<br> Backward; — '''Azu, n’azu;''' — Mou, peu actif; adj.<br> Backwardness; — '''Ina-azu;''' — Mollesse s.<br> Bacon; — '''Anu-ezi-agbalu-nnu;''' — Lard; s.<br> Bad; — '''Adjo, odjo, odjoka;''' — Mauvais; adj.<br> Baffle; — '''Fye;''' — Déconcerter, déjouer; v. a.<br> Baft; — '''Adja, akwa-adja;''' — Coutil gris; s.<br> Bag; — '''Akpa, s. Tinye n’akpa, tepulu;''' v. — Boite, s. remplir; v. a.<br> Bagatelle; — '''Ife-anamar-afaya;''' — Bagatelle; s.<br> Baggage; — '''Ibu, Ife-idje, ife-ekeke;''' — Bagage, fardeau; s.<br> {{Right|2}} [[Category: Igbo]]<noinclude></noinclude> fppli4qhxr2l7zpp6vrfyitfzphsctz 104 449369 1335942 1333673 2026-04-27T06:20:10Z Ceentia 809926 /* Validated */ 1335942 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ceentia" /></noinclude>{{rh||Bur-Byw||23}} {{Rule}} Burn; — '''Le, gba, su, le-oku;''' — Brûler; v. a.<br> — '''Onya-oku;''' — Brûlure; s.<br> Burner; — '''Osu-oku;''' — Fourneau; s.<br> Burnish; — '''Ri, riça, fi, liça;''' — Polir; v. a.<br> Burrow; — '''Onu;''' — Trou; s.<br> — '''Bi-n'omu;''' — Faire un trou; v. a.<br> Burst; — '''Opupu;''' — Eclat, explosion; s.<br> — '''Tiwa, wa, pu;''' — Eclater; v. n.<br> Bury; — '''Ni, nime, zobe;''' — Enterrer; v. a.<br> — '''Nkpa-akukwo;''' — Devenir touffu; v. n.<br> Bushy; — '''Di-ofya;''' — Buissonneux-se; adj.<br> Busily; — '''N'olu;''' — Activement; adv.<br> Business; — '''Olu, ife-omeme;''' — Affaires; s.<br> Buss; — '''Isusu-onu;''' — Baiser; s.<br> — '''Susu-onu;''' — Baiser; v. a.<br> Bustle; — '''Ido-akanya, akanya;''' — Tumulte; s.<br> — '''Do-akanya;''' — Faire du bruit; v. n.<br> Bustler; — '''Onye-akanya;''' — Intrigant; s.<br> But; — '''Ma, beluso;''' — Mais. excepté; conj.<br> — '''Oke, isi-njedebe;''' — But; s.<br> Butcher; — '''Ogbu-anu;''' — Boucher; s.<br> Butchery; — '''Igbu-anu;''' — Boucherie; s.<br> Butt; — '''So mpi;''' — Se buter, heurter; v. a.<br> Butterfly; — '''Ukpana;''' — Papillon; s.<br> Butter-tooth; — '''Obodobo-iru-eze;''' — Incisives; s.<br> Buttock; — '''Ike;''' — Croupe; s.<br> Button; — '''Nkpoci;''' — Bouton; s.<br> — '''Kpoci;''' — Boutonner; v. a.<br> Button-hole; — '''Oghele-nkpoci;''' — Boutonnière; s.<br> Buttress; — '''Nzado;''' — Soutien; s.<br> Buxom; — '''Di-ukele, di-ngwa;''' — Docile; adj.<br> Buxomly; — '''Na ngwa, oseso;''' — Docilement; adv.<br> Buy; — '''Go, golu, ghputa;''' — Acheter; v. a.<br> Buyer; — '''Onye-ogogo;''' — Acheteur; s.<br> Buzzard; — '''Udene, ayagana;''' — Buse; s.<br> By; — '''Na, n'ikpele, n'uso;''' — Par; prep.<br> By-and-by; — '''Emesia, ekpo-emelu, ekpo-emesili;''' — Tout-à-l'heure.<br> Bypath; — '''Owele;''' — Sentier; s.<br> Bystander; — '''Onye-nkili;''' — Spectateur; s<br> Byword; — '''Inu, inu-oku;''' — Dicton, proverbe; s.<br> [[Category: Igbo]]<noinclude></noinclude> st979zgi4frpjdwo2ymlzfvh00bnsf2 104 449492 1335953 1333922 2026-04-27T07:21:04Z Ceentia 809926 /* Validated */ 1335953 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ceentia" /></noinclude>{{rh|210|Prot-Pub}} {{Rule}} Protract; — '''Gbati, seti, doti''' — Prolonger; v. a.<br> Protraction; — '''Mgbati, nseti, ndoti''' — Prolongation; s.<br> Protrude; — '''Nupu kwabus''' — Faire sortir; v. a.<br> Protrusion; — '''Npupu, nkwapu''' — Action de faire sortir; s.<br> Proud; — '''Di-ngala, di ngala di-ngana''' — Fier, orgueilleux-se; adj.<br> Proudly; — '''Na ngala, na ngana''' — Orgueilleusement; adv.<br> Provable; — '''Di-onwanwa, di-nwane''' — Prouvable; adj.<br> Prove; — '''Nwa, nwane''' — Prouver; v. a.<br> Provender; — '''Afiiya anu, atifya okponku''' — Fourrage; s.<br> Proverb; — '''Imu okwu, ira akuku''' — Proverbe; s.<br> Provide; — '''Cedo edo, kpado''' — Pourvoir; v. a.<br> Provision; — '''Ife-nkpado, mini, nli''' — Provision; s.<br> Provocation; — '''Nkpasu iwe, nlasu, nmesu''' — Provocation; s.<br> Provoke; — '''Kpasu, kpasu iwe, lasu, mesu''' — Provoquer; v. a.<br> Provost; — '''Onye-isi, onye-ikpe, eze-ikpe''' — Prévôt; s.<br> Prow; — '''Onu ugbo''' — Proue; s.<br> Prowess; — '''Dike, ile''' — Prouesse; s.<br> Prowl; — '''Waghali, onu nti''' — Rôder; v. n.<br> — '''Nwaghalị''' — Vagabondage; s.<br> Proximate; — '''Di-nso, noneyabalu''' — Prochain, immédiat-e; adj.<br> Proximately; — '''Nso, na nso''' — Immédiatement; adv.<br> Proximity; — '''Nso, idi-nso, ino nso''' — Proximité; s.<br> Proxy; — '''Onye-nnoçi''' — Mandataire; s.<br> Prudently; — '''N’amamife, n’kuge''' — Prudemment; adv.<br> Prune; — '''Gbuka, beka, wu aru''' — Couper, tailler; v. a.<br> Pry; — '''Nyo, nyoea''' — Scruter; v. a.<br> Psalm; — '''Abunso, ukwo nso, uli nso''' — Psaume; s.<br> Psalmist; — '''Okwa abu, onye abu, okwa onungli''' — Psalmiste; s.<br> Psalmody; — '''Ibu abu nso, ikwe ukwe nso''' — Psalmodie; s.<br> Psalter; — '''Akwukwo abo nso''' — Psautier; s.<br> Pshaw!; — '''Ta sa!''' — Bah!; interj.<br> Psychology; — '''Akoko nkpulobi''' — Psychologie; s.<br> Puberty; — '''Ogo, ogo nwoke, ogo madu''' — Puberté; s.<br> Public; — '''Ora, ora madu''' — Public; s.<br> — '''Nk’ora, nk’ora madu''' — Public, publique; adj.<br> Publican; — '''Ona atu, onye-ona atu''' — Publicain; s.<br> Publication; — '''Mgbasa, nkwusa''' — Publication; s.<br> Publicly; — '''N’iru ora''' — Publiquement; adv.<br> Publish; — '''Gbasa, kwusa''' — Publier; v. a.<br> Publisher; — '''Onye-mgbasa, onye-nkwusa''' — Auteur; s.<br> [[Category: Igbo]]<noinclude></noinclude> 1pkuc6typrbxjxjh3ybp8yzbafq4g1a 104 449581 1335956 1334455 2026-04-27T07:25:06Z Ceentia 809926 /* Validated */ 1335956 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ceentia" /></noinclude>{{rh||Reg—Rel|223}} {{Rule}} Regress; — '''Nẹigha;''' — Recul; s.<br> Regret; — '''Kwa uta, kwamanu;''' — Regretter; v. a.<br> — '''Akwa uta, nmanu;''' — Regret; s.<br> Regulate; — '''Dozi, fiazi, gbazi;''' — Régler, régulariser; v. a.<br> Regulation; — '''Mgbazi, nfiazi, iwu;''' — Règlement; s.<br> Regulator; — '''Onye-mgabazi, onye-nfiazi;''' — Régulateur; s.<br> Rehearing; — '''Nnukwasi nnuwo;''' — Répétition; s.<br> Rehearsal; — '''Ogugu;''' — Récitation; s.<br> Rehearse; — '''Gu, ko;''' — Répéter, raconter; v. a.<br> Reign; — '''Çi, nokwasi, nokwasili;''' — Régner; v. n.<br> — '''Oçiçi, nnokwasi;''' — Règne; s.<br> Reigning; — '''N’eçi eçi;''' — Régnant e; adj.<br> Reimburse; — '''Kwuçi, kwuçigha;''' — Rembourser; v. a.<br> Reimbursement; — '''Kwuçi;''' — Remboursement; s.<br> Reimprint; — '''Denwo. dekwasi;''' — Réimprimer; v. a.<br> Reins; — '''Akulu;''' — Reins, s.<br> Reinspection; — '''Nnenenwo, nnenekwasi;''' — Réinspection; s.<br> Reinstate; — '''Doçi bunikwasi;''' — Rétablir; v. a.<br> Reinstatement; — '''Ndoçi, mbunikwasi;''' — Réintégration; s.<br> Reiterate; — '''Guçigha, kwucigha, knunwo;''' — Réitérer; v. a.<br> Reiteration; — '''Nwunwo, nkwuçigha;''' — Réitération; s.<br> Reject; — '''Dju wepu iru;''' — Rejeter; v. a.<br> Rejection; — '''Odjudju, iwepu iru, igba adja;''' — Rejet; s.<br> Rejoice; — '''Nwuli, goli;''' — Se réjouir; n.<br> Rejoin; — '''Sonyekwa, sonyënwo;''' — Rejoindre; v. a.<br> Rekindle; — '''Funwukwasi, menwukwasi;''' — Rallumer; v. a.<br> Reland; — '''Nyenwo, nyekwasi;''' — Débarquer; v. a.<br> Relapse; — '''Daçigha, çigha azu, gha azu;''' — Retomber, rechuter; v. n.<br> Relate; — '''Ko, gwa;''' — Relater; v. a.<br> Relation; — '''Okoko, ogwagwa, nwane, iku, ibe;''' — Relation; s.<br> Relationship; — '''Ikwu, ibe, ibu ikwu, ibu ibe;''' — Parenté; s.<br> Relax; — '''Totu, ranata;''' — Relâcher; v. a.<br> Relaxation; — '''Ntotu, nranata;''' — Relâchement; s.<br> Reliable; — '''Di-nçekwube;''' — Digne de confiance; adj.<br> Reliance; — '''Nçekwube, idji aka;''' — Confiance; s.<br> Relic; — '''Ozu;''' — Relique, ossements; s.<br> Relict; — '''Adjadu;''' — Veuve; s.<br> Relief; — '''Inye aka, igba nfe;''' — Soulagement; s.<br> Relievable; — '''Di-inye aka;''' — Digne d’être soulagé; adj.<br> Relieve; — '''Nye aka, nyelu aka;''' — Soulager, aider; v. a.<br> [[Category: Igbo]]<noinclude></noinclude> mvd7qlso8oyjgvhypl22nb83gqjo7hf 104 449606 1335954 1334382 2026-04-27T07:22:46Z Ceentia 809926 /* Validated */ 1335954 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="4" user="Ceentia" /></noinclude>{{rh||Tem—Ter|273}} {{Rule}} Temerity; — '''Nkpokpo;''' — Témérité; s.<br> Temper; — '''Gwa, tigwa; — Obi, afo;''' — Mélanger; v. a. — Carac-<br> Temperance; — '''Agbatanabo;''' — Tempérance; s. [tère; s.]<br> Temperate; — '''Di agbatanabo;''' — Tempéré, modéré; adj.<br> Temperately; — '''Nke agbatanabo;''' — Modérément; adv.<br> Tempest; — '''Ebili, oke ifufe;''' — Tempête; s.<br> Tempestuous; — '''Di ebili;''' — Orageux; adj.<br> Tempestuously; — '''Nke ebili, nke ogidi;''' — Avec tempête; adv.<br> Temple; — '''Uno ekpele, uno Çukwu;''' — Temple; s.<br> Tempt; — '''Nega, lanye, nwane;''' — Tenter, solliciter; v. a.<br> Temptation; — '''Nlanye, nnega, onwanwa;''' — Tentation; s.<br> Tempter; — '''Onye nlanye, onye nnega;''' — Tentateur; s.<br> Ten; — '''Ili;''' — Dix; adj. num.<br> Tenable; — '''Di ndjide;''' — Soutenable; adj.<br> Tenacious; — '''Di nyamanyama, nanyanya;''' — Tenace; adj.<br> Tenacity; — '''Inyanya, imenyamanyama;''' — Ténacité; s.<br> Tenancy; — '''Ndjide;''' — Saisie; s.<br> Tenant; — '''Onye ndjide;''' — Créancier; s.<br> Tend; — '''Ne anya, nefe, si;''' — Tendre; v. n.<br> Tender; — '''Di obi ebele, di nlo, obi oloma;''' — Tendre; adj.<br> Tenderly; — '''Nwayo, nke afomma;''' — Tendrement; adv.<br> Tenderness; — '''Nlo, idinlo, afo oma;''' — Tendresse; s.<br> Tenebrous; — '''Di oçiçi, di uçiçi;''' — Ténébreux; adj.<br> Tenement; — '''Uno, ife ndjide;''' — Habitation, possession; s.<br> Tenet; — '''Nkuzi, nkpulu;''' — Dogme, opinion; s.<br> Tense; — '''Di kwega;''' — Tendu, raide; adj.<br> Tenseness; — '''Idi kwega;''' — Tension; s.<br> Tension; — '''Nseti, mgbati;''' — Tension; s.<br> Tenthly; — '''Nke ili;''' — Dixièmement; adv.<br> Tenuity; — '''Idi negwenegwe, idi milili;''' — Ténuité; s.<br> Tenuous; — '''Di milili, milili;''' — Ténu-e; adj.<br> Tenure; — '''Ndjide;''' — Tenure; s.<br> Tepefaction; — '''Ikpo oku;''' — Action de rendre tiède; s.<br> Tepid; — '''Di ikpooku;''' — Tiède; adj.<br> Term; — '''Mgbu, nkpilikpi ubosi, okwu;''' — Terme, limite; s.<br> Terminable; — '''Di ikpa oke;''' — Limitable; adj.<br> Terminal (to be); — '''Gbo uso, gbo ukala;''' — Etre limité; v. n.<br> Terminate; — '''Gbo uso, kpa oke;''' — Limiter, borner; v. a.<br> Termination; — '''Isi ndjedebe, ndjedebe;''' — Limitation; s.<br> Terminus; — '''Oke, mgbu, egbo, ugba;''' — Terme; s.<br> [[Category: Igbo]]<noinclude></noinclude> 6en8h03nig0zeo9zdf2s4csbjbjbuka 0 450186 1335896 1335277 2026-04-26T16:20:38Z Ganjidvd 743383 /* Preludi */ + 1335896 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Working}} {{header | title = Sonetti romagnoli | author = Olindo Guerrini | editor = Zanichelli | year = 1920 | next = [[Sonetti romagnoli/Preludi|Preludi]] }} <pages index="Sonetti Romagnoli.djvu" from=1 to=1 /> ==Alẽnc== ===Preludi=== *[[Sonetti romagnoli/Preludi|Preludi]] *[[Sonetti romagnoli/Puresta|Puresta]] *[[Sonetti romagnoli/Arsposta|Arsposta]] *[[Sonetti romagnoli/Rumagna|Rumagna]] *[[Sonetti romagnoli/Mi nona|Mi nona]] *[[Sonetti romagnoli/A la mi belia|A la mi belia]] *[[Sonetti romagnoli/Chi ei?|Chi ei?]] *[[Sonetti romagnoli/L'elettore libero|L'elettore libero]] *[[Sonetti romagnoli/Un bon amigh|Un bon amigh]] *[[Sonetti romagnoli/I’è galantoman|I’è galantoman]] *[[Sonetti romagnoli/Davanti a e’ pretor|Davanti a e’ pretor]] *[[Sonetti romagnoli/Diritto al lavoro|Diritto al lavoro]] *[[Sonetti romagnoli/Geografí|Geografí]] *[[Sonetti romagnoli/Da la Zabariona|Da la Zabariona]] ===I dscurs=== *[[Sonetti romagnoli/Introibo|Introibo]] *... [[Category:Rumagnôl]] d8hn1xr4oz1m0vs1e44gp85s11rd9yn 0 450188 1335897 1335129 2026-04-26T16:23:09Z Ganjidvd 743383 1335897 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = Sonetti romagnoli | author = Olindo Guerrini | editor = Zanichelli | year = 1920 | next = [[Sonetti romagnoli/Puresta|Puresta]] | section = Preludi }} <pages index="Sonetti Romagnoli.djvu" from=25 to=27 /> [[Category:Rumagnôl]] 14vgtelyea1zd2zxpefy3k1a0cve0ao 1335898 1335897 2026-04-26T16:24:50Z Ganjidvd 743383 1335898 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = Sonetti romagnoli | author = Olindo Guerrini | editor = Zanichelli | year = 1920 | previous = [[Sonetti romagnoli|Alẽnc]] | next = [[Sonetti romagnoli/Puresta|Puresta]] | section = Preludi }} <pages index="Sonetti Romagnoli.djvu" from=25 to=27 /> [[Category:Rumagnôl]] a4wf8tn1svcqf74500nrxeifkrbrva6 104 450292 1335904 1335881 2026-04-26T16:34:15Z Ganjidvd 743383 1335904 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Ganjidvd" /></noinclude>{{center|II.}} {{Ppoem| S’lè morta? Mo ch’e’ c...! Mo chécch mi di<ref>''checch mi di'': (esclamazione) ma certamente!</ref> L’è morta sott e’ Pepa, ch’e’ sarà La bisinela<ref>''bisinela'': bazzecola</ref> d’nuvant’ann indrí Quand che i pritt is castreva com ch’e’ va. In chi temp al sciuptè al vuleva ví E a l’ora d’nott as barandlemmia<ref>''as barandlemmia'': ci asseragliavamo</ref> in ca Mo lì la tneva averta l’ustarí Infutendas d’e’ Pepa e d’chi ch’al fa, Mo una sera, puretta, ch’l’era in pi Cun on ch’ula pagheva, e’ fatto stà Chi i sparé<ref>''sparé'': spararono</ref> una pala par di dri. E fo da la finestra, e tott i sà Ch’l’a n’era una sciuptè direta a lì Mo intant, par sbali, lì l’è andeda d’là!<ref>''d’là'': all’altro mondo</ref> }} <noinclude>{{Center|– 18 –}}</noinclude> [[Category: Rumagnôl]]<noinclude></noinclude> s8mua68l6l0tjgegwm40615jdxclqvt 104 450303 1335936 1335399 2026-04-27T04:14:02Z Cwrwgl 937938 1335936 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Cwrwgl" />{{rh||OF THE LENNI LENAPE INDIANS.|101}} {{c|[OF NOUNS.]}}</noinclude>{{c|''Achpoan,'' Bread.}} {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" |- | width="50%" valign="top" | {{c|''Singular.''}} | {{c|''Plural.''}} |- | N'dappoanum, my bread | N'dappoanummena, our bread |- | K'dappoanaum, thy bread | K'dappoanumowa, your bread |- | W'dappoanum, his bread | W'dappoanumowawall, their bread. |} The following examples are sufficient to point out the general form of numerical declension: {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" |- | width="50%" valign="top" | ''Hakihacan,'' the field or plantation. | ''Wuschkink,'' the eye or sight. |- | {{c|''Singular.''}} | {{c|''Singular.''}} |- | N'dakihacan, my plantation | Neschkink, my sight ''or'' eye |- | K'dakihacan, thy plantation | Keschkink, thy sight ''or'' eye |- | W'dakihacan, his plantation | Wuschkink, his sight ''or'' eye |- | {{c|''Plural.''}} | {{c|''Plural.''}} |- | N'dakihacanena, our plantation | Neschkinkuna, our sight ''or'' eye |- | K'dakihacanena, your plantation | Keschkinkuwa, your sight ''or'' eye |- | W'dakihacanowawall, their plantation. | Wuschkinkuwawall, their sight ''or'' eye. |} The singular with plural and the double plural are formed as in the former examples. The termination ''naninga'' is employed in the double plural, when speaking of deceased persons. {{c|EXAMPLES.}} {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" |- | width="50%" valign="top" | Nochena, our father | Muchomsenaninga, our deceased grandfathers |- | Nochenana, our fathers | Kimachtenaninga, our deceased brothers |- | Nochenaninga, our deceased fathers | Chesmussenaninga, our deceased sisters |- | Muchomsena, our grandfather | Gohessenaninga, our deceased mothers. |} Substantives without the prefixed pronouns are generally inflected in the plural by ''all'' or ''ak,'' the former termination being applied to inanimate and the latter to animate objects. Trees and the larger plants are considered animate. There are some exceptions to this rule, as for instance ''namessall,'' fishes, which takes the inanimate termination; but they are not numerous. {{c|EXAMPLES.}} {{c|''Inanimate Form.''}} {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" |- | width="50%" valign="top" | Hakihacanall, plantations | Achsinall, stones |- | Menachgaquall, fence-rails | Ulakensall, dishes |- | Siposall, rivers, creeks | Amocholall, canoes |- | Wikwahemall, houses | Kitoaltewall, ships |- | Uteneyall, cities, towns | Oyosall, pieces of meat or flesh. |} {{c|''Animate Form.''}} {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" |- | width="50%" valign="top" | Lennowak, men | Amangamequak, large fishes |- | Ochquewak, women | Tiposak, hens, fowls |- | Amemensak, children | Achsinnaminschiak, sugar trees |}<noinclude>{{indent|3|VOL. III.—2 B}}</noinclude> pue2da8al0dve1l77lnw2ij4eyd95sl 0 450308 1335964 1335416 2026-04-27T09:20:03Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 1335964 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ|ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ပီႈ ၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးမႃးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းတူၺ်း ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇ ဢႃႇရ်ၸီႇ မၵျမ်းတႃး တေးဝိတ်ႉ Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows-ၼၼ်ႉ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ "ႁဝ်းလႆႈ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းႁူႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးတင်းလႆၢ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ယူႇၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈ ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶေႇ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇသဝ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းယူႇသဝ်းၸွမ်းၵၼ်၊ မိုတ်ႈၵိုဝ်းၸမ်ၸႂ် ၵၼ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈလႂ်လႂ် ဢွၼ်ၼႃႈၶဝ် ပႆႇၶႆၢႉၵႂႃႇ ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းပုၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇမိူင်းၶေႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ မႁႃႇယႃႇၼၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် လိုၼ်းလင်ဢိတ်းဢီႈၵူၺ်း။ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈတႄႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉပုၼ်ႉ၊ ၵွပ်ႈႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆႉ မၼ်းမီးလွၼ်ႉၵႅၼ်၊ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၸႅတ်ႈၸၢင်ႇ၊ သမ်ႉတူၵ်းၸွမ်းသၽႃႇဝမၼ်းလီ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ သင်ႇသွၼ်မွၵ်ႇ လၢတ်ႈၼႄဝႆႉၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ" ၼႆယူႇ။<ref>Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows, ''Encyclopaedia of Asian History'', Genesis Publishing PvT Ltd, 2008. p.38.</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇ ၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼႆႉဝႃႈၸိုင် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ။ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ၊ သမ်ႉ မႃးႁွတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ၼႆ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ ၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်လႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီသေပိူၼ်ႈသုတ်းသုတ်းယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ် သႃႇသ ၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းယင်းဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်ၸွမ်းလွၵ်းလႆၢး မႁႃႇယၢၼ်းသေ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉတႄႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၵမ်းလိုၼ်းလင်ၵူၺ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ဢမ်ႇတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်း ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈတႄႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉတီႈလႂ်မႃးၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇပိုတ်ႇၼႄပႃး တီႈမၼ်းမႃး။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 45 ဢေႇၻီႇ ပၢၼ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ထဝ်ႉဢႅၼ်ႇ (Tao-an) မႃးဝႆၢးလင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၽွင်းမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇၶဝ် သွၵ်ႈႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးဝိၼယတိၵ်းတိၵ်းသေ ပိၼ်ႇပဵၼ်ၽႃႇသႃႇၶဝ်ယူႇတိၵ်းတိၵ်း။ ပႃးၸဵမ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉသႅင် (Fa-hsien) ဢၼ်မႃးႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး တီႈမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 5 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇ ၵုမႃရၸီႇဝၶဝ် တိုၵ်ႉပိၼ်ႇပပ်ႉ ဝိၼႆၢးယူႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပုၺ်ၺတရလႄႈ ထမ်ႇမရုၸိ ဢၼ် လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းၵႅတ်ႉသမီးယႃး မႃးၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းမႃးဢဝ် ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးထေႇရ ဝၢတ်ႈ/သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ ပိၼ်ႇၸွႆႈၽႃႇသႃႇၶေႇ ၶဝ်ယူႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူႇ သဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼၢႆး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈၸုမ်း သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Chao Pu-chu, ''Buddhism in China'', pp 4 -7.</ref> လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ်ထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆးယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈ ဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉယူႇ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၶဝ်မေႃ ပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ်သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃး ၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆလႂ်ယူႇ။<ref>Ibid, p 13. </ref> ပေႃးမႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပိုၼ်းၶေႇၶဝ် တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၼႆႉ ဝႃႈ "မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ် ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ၸုမ်းသႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃးၵူၺ်း" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ်၊ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ် ၶဝ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆး ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈ ၶဝ်မေႃပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇတႆးၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ် သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃးၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ် ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉသေ ဝႃႈလႂ်၊ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၽူႈလူင်ႉ ပိုၼ်း သိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဝႃႈလႂ်ၼႆၸိုင် တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉမႃး ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ တိုၼ်းၵိူဝ်းယမ်ဝႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်း ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၶႅၼ်းတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းမႃး လိူဝ်ၵဝ်ႇတႄႉတႄႉ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈသင် ၵူၼ်းတႅမ်ႈ ပပ်ႉၼႆႉၵေႃႈ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ၶေႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇၸမ်ၵိၼ်ႁိမ်း ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ ႁူႉလွင်ႈတႆးၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်း။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ တႆးလႄႈ ၶေႇၵေႃႈ ပေႃးတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း သမ်ႉပေႃးတိုၵ်းတေႃးၵၼ်ယူႇ တႃႇ သေႇသေ တႃႇတႆးတေၼွမ်းၸူးၶဝ် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ လႅပ်ႈပဵၼ်လႆႈယၢပ်ႇ။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] 6l2kr20kkl4svplcxy3zporjwjgipxa 1335965 1335964 2026-04-27T09:22:01Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1335965 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ|ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ပီႈ ၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးမႃးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းတူၺ်း ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇ ဢႃႇရ်ၸီႇ မၵျမ်းတႃး တေးဝိတ်ႉ Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows-ၼၼ်ႉ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ "ႁဝ်းလႆႈ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းႁူႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးတင်းလႆၢ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ယူႇၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈ ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶေႇ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇသဝ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းယူႇသဝ်းၸွမ်းၵၼ်၊ မိုတ်ႈၵိုဝ်းၸမ်ၸႂ် ၵၼ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈလႂ်လႂ် ဢွၼ်ၼႃႈၶဝ် ပႆႇၶႆၢႉၵႂႃႇ ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းပုၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇမိူင်းၶေႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ မႁႃႇယႃႇၼၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် လိုၼ်းလင်ဢိတ်းဢီႈၵူၺ်း။ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈတႄႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉပုၼ်ႉ၊ ၵွပ်ႈႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆႉ မၼ်းမီးလွၼ်ႉၵႅၼ်၊ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၸႅတ်ႈၸၢင်ႇ၊ သမ်ႉတူၵ်းၸွမ်းသၽႃႇဝမၼ်းလီ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ သင်ႇသွၼ်မွၵ်ႇ လၢတ်ႈၼႄဝႆႉၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ" ၼႆယူႇ။<ref>Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows, ''Encyclopaedia of Asian History'', Genesis Publishing PvT Ltd, 2008. p.38.</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇ ၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼႆႉဝႃႈၸိုင် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ။ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ၊ သမ်ႉ မႃးႁွတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ၼႆ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ ၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်လႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီသေပိူၼ်ႈသုတ်းသုတ်းယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ် သႃႇသ ၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းယင်းဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်ၸွမ်းလွၵ်းလႆၢး မႁႃႇယၢၼ်းသေ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉတႄႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၵမ်းလိုၼ်းလင်ၵူၺ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ဢမ်ႇတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်း ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈတႄႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉတီႈလႂ်မႃးၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇပိုတ်ႇၼႄပႃး တီႈမၼ်းမႃး။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 45 ဢေႇၻီႇ ပၢၼ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ထဝ်ႉဢႅၼ်ႇ (Tao-an) မႃးဝႆၢးလင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၽွင်းမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇၶဝ် သွၵ်ႈႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးဝိၼယတိၵ်းတိၵ်းသေ ပိၼ်ႇပဵၼ်ၽႃႇသႃႇၶဝ်ယူႇတိၵ်းတိၵ်း။ ပႃးၸဵမ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉသႅင် (Fa-hsien) ဢၼ်မႃးႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး တီႈမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 5 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇ ၵုမႃရၸီႇဝၶဝ် တိုၵ်ႉပိၼ်ႇပပ်ႉ ဝိၼႆၢးယူႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပုၺ်ၺတရလႄႈ ထမ်ႇမရုၸိ ဢၼ် လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းၵႅတ်ႉသမီးယႃး မႃးၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းမႃးဢဝ် ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးထေႇရ ဝၢတ်ႈ/သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ ပိၼ်ႇၸွႆႈၽႃႇသႃႇၶေႇ ၶဝ်ယူႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူႇ သဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼၢႆး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈၸုမ်း သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Chao Pu-chu, ''Buddhism in China'', pp 4 -7.</ref> လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ်ထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆးယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈ ဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉယူႇ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၶဝ်မေႃ ပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ်သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃး ၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆလႂ်ယူႇ။<ref>Ibid, p 13. </ref> ပေႃးမႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပိုၼ်းၶေႇၶဝ် တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၼႆႉ ဝႃႈ "မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ် ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ၸုမ်းသႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃးၵူၺ်း" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ်၊ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ် ၶဝ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆး ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈ ၶဝ်မေႃပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇတႆးၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ် သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃးၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ် ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉသေ ဝႃႈလႂ်၊ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၽူႈလူင်ႉ ပိုၼ်း သိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဝႃႈလႂ်ၼႆၸိုင် တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉမႃး ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ တိုၼ်းၵိူဝ်းယမ်ဝႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်း ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၶႅၼ်းတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းမႃး လိူဝ်ၵဝ်ႇတႄႉတႄႉ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈသင် ၵူၼ်းတႅမ်ႈ ပပ်ႉၼႆႉၵေႃႈ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ၶေႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇၸမ်ၵိၼ်ႁိမ်း ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ ႁူႉလွင်ႈတႆးၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်း။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ တႆးလႄႈ ၶေႇၵေႃႈ ပေႃးတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း သမ်ႉပေႃးတိုၵ်းတေႃးၵၼ်ယူႇ တႃႇ သေႇသေ တႃႇတႆးတေၼွမ်းၸူးၶဝ် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ လႅပ်ႈပဵၼ်လႆႈယၢပ်ႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇထိုင် ပွတ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်တႆး ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ ဝတ်ႉမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပေႃးမီး။ ၶေႃႈသင်ႇသွၼ် ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၵေႃႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ဢဝ်သူပ်းသေ သွၼ်ဢူမ်သူပ်းဝႆႉၵူၺ်း။ ထိုင်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 11 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းမိူင်း ပဵၼ်သိုၵ်းပဵၼ်သိူဝ်ႁႅင်းၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢဝ်ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၶိုၼ်းဝွတ်ႈဝွႆးၵႂႃႇဢိတ်းၼိုင်ႈ။ ဝၢႆးသေ သိုၵ်းသိူဝ်ၼႂ်းမိူင်း ယဵၼ်ၵႂႃ ယဝ်ႉၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၶိုၼ်းလုၵ်ႉ ဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းထႆး၊ မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈမႃးၼၼ်ႉ ၶိုၼ်းဢဝ်ငဝ်းလႅင်းမၼ်း ႁိူဝ်းလႅင်းမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပတ်ႉတသုတ်ႈပတ်တရသုတ်တ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်လိၵ်းတႆး တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၵ်ႇမႃး ဝၢႆးသေ ၶူင်ဢွၵ်ႇမႃးလိၵ်ႈတႆး မိူဝ်ႈ 1277 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>www.itourschina.com/Panorama/ southern-Buddhism.htm</ref> {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] e3ahaxbz8m5ldmuaojwqug8r2px6734 1335966 1335965 2026-04-27T09:23:25Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1335966 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ|ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ပီႈ ၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးမႃးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းတူၺ်း ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇ ဢႃႇရ်ၸီႇ မၵျမ်းတႃး တေးဝိတ်ႉ Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows-ၼၼ်ႉ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ "ႁဝ်းလႆႈ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းႁူႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးတင်းလႆၢ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ယူႇၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈ ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶေႇ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇသဝ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းယူႇသဝ်းၸွမ်းၵၼ်၊ မိုတ်ႈၵိုဝ်းၸမ်ၸႂ် ၵၼ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈလႂ်လႂ် ဢွၼ်ၼႃႈၶဝ် ပႆႇၶႆၢႉၵႂႃႇ ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းပုၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇမိူင်းၶေႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ မႁႃႇယႃႇၼၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် လိုၼ်းလင်ဢိတ်းဢီႈၵူၺ်း။ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈတႄႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉပုၼ်ႉ၊ ၵွပ်ႈႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆႉ မၼ်းမီးလွၼ်ႉၵႅၼ်၊ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၸႅတ်ႈၸၢင်ႇ၊ သမ်ႉတူၵ်းၸွမ်းသၽႃႇဝမၼ်းလီ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ သင်ႇသွၼ်မွၵ်ႇ လၢတ်ႈၼႄဝႆႉၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ" ၼႆယူႇ။<ref>Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows, ''Encyclopaedia of Asian History'', Genesis Publishing PvT Ltd, 2008. p.38.</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇ ၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼႆႉဝႃႈၸိုင် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ။ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ၊ သမ်ႉ မႃးႁွတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ၼႆ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ ၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်လႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီသေပိူၼ်ႈသုတ်းသုတ်းယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ် သႃႇသ ၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းယင်းဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်ၸွမ်းလွၵ်းလႆၢး မႁႃႇယၢၼ်းသေ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉတႄႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၵမ်းလိုၼ်းလင်ၵူၺ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ဢမ်ႇတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်း ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈတႄႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉတီႈလႂ်မႃးၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇပိုတ်ႇၼႄပႃး တီႈမၼ်းမႃး။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 45 ဢေႇၻီႇ ပၢၼ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ထဝ်ႉဢႅၼ်ႇ (Tao-an) မႃးဝႆၢးလင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၽွင်းမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇၶဝ် သွၵ်ႈႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးဝိၼယတိၵ်းတိၵ်းသေ ပိၼ်ႇပဵၼ်ၽႃႇသႃႇၶဝ်ယူႇတိၵ်းတိၵ်း။ ပႃးၸဵမ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉသႅင် (Fa-hsien) ဢၼ်မႃးႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး တီႈမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 5 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇ ၵုမႃရၸီႇဝၶဝ် တိုၵ်ႉပိၼ်ႇပပ်ႉ ဝိၼႆၢးယူႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပုၺ်ၺတရလႄႈ ထမ်ႇမရုၸိ ဢၼ် လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းၵႅတ်ႉသမီးယႃး မႃးၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းမႃးဢဝ် ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးထေႇရ ဝၢတ်ႈ/သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ ပိၼ်ႇၸွႆႈၽႃႇသႃႇၶေႇ ၶဝ်ယူႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူႇ သဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼၢႆး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈၸုမ်း သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Chao Pu-chu, ''Buddhism in China'', pp 4 -7.</ref> လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ်ထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆးယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈ ဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉယူႇ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၶဝ်မေႃ ပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ်သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃး ၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆလႂ်ယူႇ။<ref>Ibid, p 13. </ref> ပေႃးမႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပိုၼ်းၶေႇၶဝ် တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၼႆႉ ဝႃႈ "မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ် ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ၸုမ်းသႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃးၵူၺ်း" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ်၊ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ် ၶဝ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆး ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈ ၶဝ်မေႃပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇတႆးၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ် သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃးၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ် ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉသေ ဝႃႈလႂ်၊ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၽူႈလူင်ႉ ပိုၼ်း သိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဝႃႈလႂ်ၼႆၸိုင် တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉမႃး ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ တိုၼ်းၵိူဝ်းယမ်ဝႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်း ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၶႅၼ်းတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းမႃး လိူဝ်ၵဝ်ႇတႄႉတႄႉ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈသင် ၵူၼ်းတႅမ်ႈ ပပ်ႉၼႆႉၵေႃႈ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ၶေႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇၸမ်ၵိၼ်ႁိမ်း ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ ႁူႉလွင်ႈတႆးၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်း။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ တႆးလႄႈ ၶေႇၵေႃႈ ပေႃးတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း သမ်ႉပေႃးတိုၵ်းတေႃးၵၼ်ယူႇ တႃႇ သေႇသေ တႃႇတႆးတေၼွမ်းၸူးၶဝ် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ လႅပ်ႈပဵၼ်လႆႈယၢပ်ႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇထိုင် ပွတ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်တႆး ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ ဝတ်ႉမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပေႃးမီး။ ၶေႃႈသင်ႇသွၼ် ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၵေႃႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ဢဝ်သူပ်းသေ သွၼ်ဢူမ်သူပ်းဝႆႉၵူၺ်း။ ထိုင်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 11 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းမိူင်း ပဵၼ်သိုၵ်းပဵၼ်သိူဝ်ႁႅင်းၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢဝ်ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၶိုၼ်းဝွတ်ႈဝွႆးၵႂႃႇဢိတ်းၼိုင်ႈ။ ဝၢႆးသေ သိုၵ်းသိူဝ်ၼႂ်းမိူင်း ယဵၼ်ၵႂႃ ယဝ်ႉၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၶိုၼ်းလုၵ်ႉ ဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းထႆး၊ မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈမႃးၼၼ်ႉ ၶိုၼ်းဢဝ်ငဝ်းလႅင်းမၼ်း ႁိူဝ်းလႅင်းမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပတ်ႉတသုတ်ႈပတ်တရသုတ်တ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်လိၵ်းတႆး တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၵ်ႇမႃး ဝၢႆးသေ ၶူင်ဢွၵ်ႇမႃးလိၵ်ႈတႆး မိူဝ်ႈ 1277 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>www.itourschina.com/Panorama/ southern-Buddhism.htm</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈၵေႃႈ လွင်ႈဝႃႈပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းယူႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇၼႆၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီထႅင်ႈယူႇ။ သမ်ႉၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇဝႃႈၼႆ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ် သႃႇသၼႃႇဢၼ်ၼႆႉ တေပဵၼ်လႆႈ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းပျီႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၽရူမ်း (Prome) ၼၼ်ႉသေ မႃးယူႇ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈဝႃႈ မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ႁိူင်းမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇၽႅဝ်မႃး မိူင်းပိဝ်ႇ သီႇရိၶဵတ်ႉတရႃႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၶုၼ် ေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇပုၼ်ႉ ၼႆၵေႃႈလႆႈႁၼ်။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] 0emu2bhqelzpuvs193aq26sjyvlw4s0 1335967 1335966 2026-04-27T09:24:50Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1335967 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ|ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ပီႈ ၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးမႃးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းတူၺ်း ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇ ဢႃႇရ်ၸီႇ မၵျမ်းတႃး တေးဝိတ်ႉ Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows-ၼၼ်ႉ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ "ႁဝ်းလႆႈ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းႁူႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးတင်းလႆၢ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ယူႇၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈ ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶေႇ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇသဝ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းယူႇသဝ်းၸွမ်းၵၼ်၊ မိုတ်ႈၵိုဝ်းၸမ်ၸႂ် ၵၼ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈလႂ်လႂ် ဢွၼ်ၼႃႈၶဝ် ပႆႇၶႆၢႉၵႂႃႇ ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းပုၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇမိူင်းၶေႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ မႁႃႇယႃႇၼၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် လိုၼ်းလင်ဢိတ်းဢီႈၵူၺ်း။ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈတႄႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉပုၼ်ႉ၊ ၵွပ်ႈႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆႉ မၼ်းမီးလွၼ်ႉၵႅၼ်၊ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၸႅတ်ႈၸၢင်ႇ၊ သမ်ႉတူၵ်းၸွမ်းသၽႃႇဝမၼ်းလီ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ သင်ႇသွၼ်မွၵ်ႇ လၢတ်ႈၼႄဝႆႉၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ" ၼႆယူႇ။<ref>Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows, ''Encyclopaedia of Asian History'', Genesis Publishing PvT Ltd, 2008. p.38.</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇ ၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼႆႉဝႃႈၸိုင် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ။ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ၊ သမ်ႉ မႃးႁွတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ၼႆ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ ၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်လႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီသေပိူၼ်ႈသုတ်းသုတ်းယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ် သႃႇသ ၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းယင်းဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်ၸွမ်းလွၵ်းလႆၢး မႁႃႇယၢၼ်းသေ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉတႄႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၵမ်းလိုၼ်းလင်ၵူၺ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ဢမ်ႇတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်း ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈတႄႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉတီႈလႂ်မႃးၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇပိုတ်ႇၼႄပႃး တီႈမၼ်းမႃး။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 45 ဢေႇၻီႇ ပၢၼ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ထဝ်ႉဢႅၼ်ႇ (Tao-an) မႃးဝႆၢးလင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၽွင်းမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇၶဝ် သွၵ်ႈႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးဝိၼယတိၵ်းတိၵ်းသေ ပိၼ်ႇပဵၼ်ၽႃႇသႃႇၶဝ်ယူႇတိၵ်းတိၵ်း။ ပႃးၸဵမ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉသႅင် (Fa-hsien) ဢၼ်မႃးႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး တီႈမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 5 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇ ၵုမႃရၸီႇဝၶဝ် တိုၵ်ႉပိၼ်ႇပပ်ႉ ဝိၼႆၢးယူႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပုၺ်ၺတရလႄႈ ထမ်ႇမရုၸိ ဢၼ် လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းၵႅတ်ႉသမီးယႃး မႃးၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းမႃးဢဝ် ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးထေႇရ ဝၢတ်ႈ/သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ ပိၼ်ႇၸွႆႈၽႃႇသႃႇၶေႇ ၶဝ်ယူႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူႇ သဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼၢႆး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈၸုမ်း သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Chao Pu-chu, ''Buddhism in China'', pp 4 -7.</ref> လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ်ထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆးယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈ ဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉယူႇ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၶဝ်မေႃ ပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ်သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃး ၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆလႂ်ယူႇ။<ref>Ibid, p 13. </ref> ပေႃးမႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပိုၼ်းၶေႇၶဝ် တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၼႆႉ ဝႃႈ "မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ် ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ၸုမ်းသႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃးၵူၺ်း" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ်၊ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ် ၶဝ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆး ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈ ၶဝ်မေႃပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇတႆးၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ် သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃးၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ် ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉသေ ဝႃႈလႂ်၊ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၽူႈလူင်ႉ ပိုၼ်း သိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဝႃႈလႂ်ၼႆၸိုင် တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉမႃး ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ တိုၼ်းၵိူဝ်းယမ်ဝႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်း ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၶႅၼ်းတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းမႃး လိူဝ်ၵဝ်ႇတႄႉတႄႉ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈသင် ၵူၼ်းတႅမ်ႈ ပပ်ႉၼႆႉၵေႃႈ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ၶေႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇၸမ်ၵိၼ်ႁိမ်း ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ ႁူႉလွင်ႈတႆးၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်း။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ တႆးလႄႈ ၶေႇၵေႃႈ ပေႃးတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း သမ်ႉပေႃးတိုၵ်းတေႃးၵၼ်ယူႇ တႃႇ သေႇသေ တႃႇတႆးတေၼွမ်းၸူးၶဝ် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ လႅပ်ႈပဵၼ်လႆႈယၢပ်ႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇထိုင် ပွတ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်တႆး ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ ဝတ်ႉမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပေႃးမီး။ ၶေႃႈသင်ႇသွၼ် ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၵေႃႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ဢဝ်သူပ်းသေ သွၼ်ဢူမ်သူပ်းဝႆႉၵူၺ်း။ ထိုင်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 11 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းမိူင်း ပဵၼ်သိုၵ်းပဵၼ်သိူဝ်ႁႅင်းၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢဝ်ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၶိုၼ်းဝွတ်ႈဝွႆးၵႂႃႇဢိတ်းၼိုင်ႈ။ ဝၢႆးသေ သိုၵ်းသိူဝ်ၼႂ်းမိူင်း ယဵၼ်ၵႂႃ ယဝ်ႉၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၶိုၼ်းလုၵ်ႉ ဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းထႆး၊ မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈမႃးၼၼ်ႉ ၶိုၼ်းဢဝ်ငဝ်းလႅင်းမၼ်း ႁိူဝ်းလႅင်းမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပတ်ႉတသုတ်ႈပတ်တရသုတ်တ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်လိၵ်းတႆး တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၵ်ႇမႃး ဝၢႆးသေ ၶူင်ဢွၵ်ႇမႃးလိၵ်ႈတႆး မိူဝ်ႈ 1277 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>www.itourschina.com/Panorama/ southern-Buddhism.htm</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈၵေႃႈ လွင်ႈဝႃႈပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းယူႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇၼႆၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီထႅင်ႈယူႇ။ သမ်ႉၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇဝႃႈၼႆ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ် သႃႇသၼႃႇဢၼ်ၼႆႉ တေပဵၼ်လႆႈ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းပျီႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၽရူမ်း (Prome) ၼၼ်ႉသေ မႃးယူႇ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈဝႃႈ မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ႁိူင်းမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇၽႅဝ်မႃး မိူင်းပိဝ်ႇ သီႇရိၶဵတ်ႉတရႃႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၶုၼ် ေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇပုၼ်ႉ ၼႆၵေႃႈလႆႈႁၼ်။ ပိူင်ၼိုင်ႈၵေႃႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ပွတ်းဢပရၼ်ႇတၵ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်တႃႈၵွင်၊ ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈလႄႈ သၢပ်ႇၼမ်ႉလႅၼ်လိၼ် ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ် မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈပွတ်းၼိူဝ် ၸွမ်းႁိမ်းႁွမ်း မိူင်းပျီႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းပၢၼ်ဢေႇၻီႇ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ် ႁူမ်ႇငမ်းဝႆႉၼႆၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် လႄႈ ၸင်ႇႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇထိုင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ တိုၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် မိူင်းပျီႇသေၵႂႃႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၽွင်းယၢမ်းဢေႇၻီႇမိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ႁိူင်းဝႆႉၼႆႉ မိူင်းသထူင်ႇ၊ မိူင်းမွၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ႁိူင်းဝႆႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ မိူင်းသထူင်ႇလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း ဢမ်ႇလႆႈႁၼ်ဝႃႈ ၶဝ်ၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇၵၼ် မိူၼ်မိူင်းပျီႇ။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] 6mu1q50bhy4w66uwr6bnyw5rlqzf5ld 1335968 1335967 2026-04-27T09:36:13Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 1335968 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ|ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ပီႈ ၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးမႃးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းတူၺ်း ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇ ဢႃႇရ်ၸီႇ မၵျမ်းတႃး တေးဝိတ်ႉ Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows-ၼၼ်ႉ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ "ႁဝ်းလႆႈ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းႁူႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးတင်းလႆၢ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ယူႇၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈ ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶေႇ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇသဝ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းယူႇသဝ်းၸွမ်းၵၼ်၊ မိုတ်ႈၵိုဝ်းၸမ်ၸႂ် ၵၼ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈလႂ်လႂ် ဢွၼ်ၼႃႈၶဝ် ပႆႇၶႆၢႉၵႂႃႇ ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းပုၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇမိူင်းၶေႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ မႁႃႇယႃႇၼၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် လိုၼ်းလင်ဢိတ်းဢီႈၵူၺ်း။ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈတႄႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉပုၼ်ႉ၊ ၵွပ်ႈႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆႉ မၼ်းမီးလွၼ်ႉၵႅၼ်၊ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၸႅတ်ႈၸၢင်ႇ၊ သမ်ႉတူၵ်းၸွမ်းသၽႃႇဝမၼ်းလီ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ သင်ႇသွၼ်မွၵ်ႇ လၢတ်ႈၼႄဝႆႉၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ" ၼႆယူႇ။<ref>Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows, ''Encyclopaedia of Asian History'', Genesis Publishing PvT Ltd, 2008. p.38.</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇ ၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼႆႉဝႃႈၸိုင် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ။ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ၊ သမ်ႉ မႃးႁွတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ၼႆ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ ၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်လႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီသေပိူၼ်ႈသုတ်းသုတ်းယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ် သႃႇသ ၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းယင်းဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်ၸွမ်းလွၵ်းလႆၢး မႁႃႇယၢၼ်းသေ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉတႄႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၵမ်းလိုၼ်းလင်ၵူၺ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ဢမ်ႇတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်း ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈတႄႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉတီႈလႂ်မႃးၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇပိုတ်ႇၼႄပႃး တီႈမၼ်းမႃး။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 45 ဢေႇၻီႇ ပၢၼ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ထဝ်ႉဢႅၼ်ႇ (Tao-an) မႃးဝႆၢးလင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၽွင်းမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇၶဝ် သွၵ်ႈႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးဝိၼယတိၵ်းတိၵ်းသေ ပိၼ်ႇပဵၼ်ၽႃႇသႃႇၶဝ်ယူႇတိၵ်းတိၵ်း။ ပႃးၸဵမ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉသႅင် (Fa-hsien) ဢၼ်မႃးႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး တီႈမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 5 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇ ၵုမႃရၸီႇဝၶဝ် တိုၵ်ႉပိၼ်ႇပပ်ႉ ဝိၼႆၢးယူႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပုၺ်ၺတရလႄႈ ထမ်ႇမရုၸိ ဢၼ် လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းၵႅတ်ႉသမီးယႃး မႃးၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းမႃးဢဝ် ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးထေႇရ ဝၢတ်ႈ/သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ ပိၼ်ႇၸွႆႈၽႃႇသႃႇၶေႇ ၶဝ်ယူႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူႇ သဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼၢႆး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈၸုမ်း သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Chao Pu-chu, ''Buddhism in China'', pp 4 -7.</ref> လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ်ထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆးယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈ ဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉယူႇ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၶဝ်မေႃ ပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ်သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃး ၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆလႂ်ယူႇ။<ref>Ibid, p 13. </ref> ပေႃးမႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပိုၼ်းၶေႇၶဝ် တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၼႆႉ ဝႃႈ "မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ် ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ၸုမ်းသႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃးၵူၺ်း" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ်၊ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ် ၶဝ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆး ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈ ၶဝ်မေႃပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇတႆးၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ် သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃးၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ် ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉသေ ဝႃႈလႂ်၊ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၽူႈလူင်ႉ ပိုၼ်း သိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဝႃႈလႂ်ၼႆၸိုင် တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉမႃး ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ တိုၼ်းၵိူဝ်းယမ်ဝႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်း ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၶႅၼ်းတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းမႃး လိူဝ်ၵဝ်ႇတႄႉတႄႉ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈသင် ၵူၼ်းတႅမ်ႈ ပပ်ႉၼႆႉၵေႃႈ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ၶေႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇၸမ်ၵိၼ်ႁိမ်း ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ ႁူႉလွင်ႈတႆးၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်း။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ တႆးလႄႈ ၶေႇၵေႃႈ ပေႃးတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း သမ်ႉပေႃးတိုၵ်းတေႃးၵၼ်ယူႇ တႃႇ သေႇသေ တႃႇတႆးတေၼွမ်းၸူးၶဝ် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ လႅပ်ႈပဵၼ်လႆႈယၢပ်ႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇထိုင် ပွတ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်တႆး ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ ဝတ်ႉမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပေႃးမီး။ ၶေႃႈသင်ႇသွၼ် ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၵေႃႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ဢဝ်သူပ်းသေ သွၼ်ဢူမ်သူပ်းဝႆႉၵူၺ်း။ ထိုင်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 11 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းမိူင်း ပဵၼ်သိုၵ်းပဵၼ်သိူဝ်ႁႅင်းၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢဝ်ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၶိုၼ်းဝွတ်ႈဝွႆးၵႂႃႇဢိတ်းၼိုင်ႈ။ ဝၢႆးသေ သိုၵ်းသိူဝ်ၼႂ်းမိူင်း ယဵၼ်ၵႂႃ ယဝ်ႉၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၶိုၼ်းလုၵ်ႉ ဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းထႆး၊ မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈမႃးၼၼ်ႉ ၶိုၼ်းဢဝ်ငဝ်းလႅင်းမၼ်း ႁိူဝ်းလႅင်းမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပတ်ႉတသုတ်ႈပတ်တရသုတ်တ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်လိၵ်းတႆး တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၵ်ႇမႃး ဝၢႆးသေ ၶူင်ဢွၵ်ႇမႃးလိၵ်ႈတႆး မိူဝ်ႈ 1277 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>www.itourschina.com/Panorama/ southern-Buddhism.htm</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈၵေႃႈ လွင်ႈဝႃႈပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းယူႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇၼႆၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီထႅင်ႈယူႇ။ သမ်ႉၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇဝႃႈၼႆ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ် သႃႇသၼႃႇဢၼ်ၼႆႉ တေပဵၼ်လႆႈ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းပျီႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၽရူမ်း (Prome) ၼၼ်ႉသေ မႃးယူႇ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈဝႃႈ မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ႁိူင်းမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇၽႅဝ်မႃး မိူင်းပိဝ်ႇ သီႇရိၶဵတ်ႉတရႃႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၶုၼ် ေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇပုၼ်ႉ ၼႆၵေႃႈလႆႈႁၼ်။ ပိူင်ၼိုင်ႈၵေႃႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ပွတ်းဢပရၼ်ႇတၵ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်တႃႈၵွင်၊ ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈလႄႈ သၢပ်ႇၼမ်ႉလႅၼ်လိၼ် ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ် မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈပွတ်းၼိူဝ် ၸွမ်းႁိမ်းႁွမ်း မိူင်းပျီႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းပၢၼ်ဢေႇၻီႇ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ် ႁူမ်ႇငမ်းဝႆႉၼႆၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် လႄႈ ၸင်ႇႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇထိုင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ တိုၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် မိူင်းပျီႇသေၵႂႃႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၽွင်းယၢမ်းဢေႇၻီႇမိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ႁိူင်းဝႆႉၼႆႉ မိူင်းသထူင်ႇ၊ မိူင်းမွၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ႁိူင်းဝႆႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ မိူင်းသထူင်ႇလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း ဢမ်ႇလႆႈႁၼ်ဝႃႈ ၶဝ်ၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇၵၼ် မိူၼ်မိူင်းပျီႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ႁဝ်းလႆႈႁူႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းၸဝ်ႈဝူင်ႉႁေႃသႅင်လူင် ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 12 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်း လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးတႆး မႃးယဝ်ႉ ၼႆၶေႃႈၼိုင်ႈ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈတႆးႁဝ်း တႄႇမီးမႃး၊ တႄႇၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းမႃး မိူဝ်ႈလႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းဝႆႉတွၼ်ႈ ၼိုင်ႈ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ လိၵ်းတႆးႁဝ်းၼႆႉ ဢၼ်ၼႆႉမီးမႃး ၸဝ်ႉသေပိူၼ်ႈ ယဝ်ႉႁႃႉၼႆတႄႉ ပႆႇႁတ်းဝႃႈၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၵွပ်ႈၶေႃႈမုၼ်းမၼ်း ပႆႇသွၵ်ႈ ႁႃႁၼ်လႆႈၸေး။ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးႁဝ်း တင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈ တင်ႈမိူင်းမႃး ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ တင်ႈမႃးၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ပီမိူင်းပီႇၸီႇ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉပုၼ်ႉ။ ၵွပ်ႈၼၼ် လိၵ်းတႆးႁဝ်းၼႆႉ တိုၵ်ႉမီးမႃး ဢဝ်ပၢၼ်ၼႆႉၵူၺ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇဢမ်ႇႁတ်းဝႃႈ။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] 876vc2z04geqwe5q727dx5g6y68tot2 1335969 1335968 2026-04-27T09:41:41Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1335969 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ|ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ပီႈ ၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးမႃးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းတူၺ်း ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇ ဢႃႇရ်ၸီႇ မၵျမ်းတႃး တေးဝိတ်ႉ Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows-ၼၼ်ႉ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ "ႁဝ်းလႆႈ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းႁူႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးတင်းလႆၢ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ယူႇၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈ ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶေႇ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇသဝ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းယူႇသဝ်းၸွမ်းၵၼ်၊ မိုတ်ႈၵိုဝ်းၸမ်ၸႂ် ၵၼ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈလႂ်လႂ် ဢွၼ်ၼႃႈၶဝ် ပႆႇၶႆၢႉၵႂႃႇ ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းပုၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇမိူင်းၶေႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ မႁႃႇယႃႇၼၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် လိုၼ်းလင်ဢိတ်းဢီႈၵူၺ်း။ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈတႄႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉပုၼ်ႉ၊ ၵွပ်ႈႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆႉ မၼ်းမီးလွၼ်ႉၵႅၼ်၊ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၸႅတ်ႈၸၢင်ႇ၊ သမ်ႉတူၵ်းၸွမ်းသၽႃႇဝမၼ်းလီ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ သင်ႇသွၼ်မွၵ်ႇ လၢတ်ႈၼႄဝႆႉၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ" ၼႆယူႇ။<ref>Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows, ''Encyclopaedia of Asian History'', Genesis Publishing PvT Ltd, 2008. p.38.</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇ ၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼႆႉဝႃႈၸိုင် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ။ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ၊ သမ်ႉ မႃးႁွတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ၼႆ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ ၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်လႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီသေပိူၼ်ႈသုတ်းသုတ်းယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ် သႃႇသ ၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းယင်းဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်ၸွမ်းလွၵ်းလႆၢး မႁႃႇယၢၼ်းသေ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉတႄႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၵမ်းလိုၼ်းလင်ၵူၺ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ဢမ်ႇတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်း ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈတႄႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉတီႈလႂ်မႃးၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇပိုတ်ႇၼႄပႃး တီႈမၼ်းမႃး။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 45 ဢေႇၻီႇ ပၢၼ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ထဝ်ႉဢႅၼ်ႇ (Tao-an) မႃးဝႆၢးလင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၽွင်းမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇၶဝ် သွၵ်ႈႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးဝိၼယတိၵ်းတိၵ်းသေ ပိၼ်ႇပဵၼ်ၽႃႇသႃႇၶဝ်ယူႇတိၵ်းတိၵ်း။ ပႃးၸဵမ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉသႅင် (Fa-hsien) ဢၼ်မႃးႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး တီႈမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 5 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇ ၵုမႃရၸီႇဝၶဝ် တိုၵ်ႉပိၼ်ႇပပ်ႉ ဝိၼႆၢးယူႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပုၺ်ၺတရလႄႈ ထမ်ႇမရုၸိ ဢၼ် လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းၵႅတ်ႉသမီးယႃး မႃးၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းမႃးဢဝ် ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးထေႇရ ဝၢတ်ႈ/သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ ပိၼ်ႇၸွႆႈၽႃႇသႃႇၶေႇ ၶဝ်ယူႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူႇ သဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼၢႆး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈၸုမ်း သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Chao Pu-chu, ''Buddhism in China'', pp 4 -7.</ref> လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ်ထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆးယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈ ဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉယူႇ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၶဝ်မေႃ ပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ်သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃး ၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆလႂ်ယူႇ။<ref>Ibid, p 13. </ref> ပေႃးမႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပိုၼ်းၶေႇၶဝ် တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၼႆႉ ဝႃႈ "မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ် ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ၸုမ်းသႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃးၵူၺ်း" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ်၊ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ် ၶဝ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆး ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈ ၶဝ်မေႃပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇတႆးၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ် သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃးၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ် ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉသေ ဝႃႈလႂ်၊ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၽူႈလူင်ႉ ပိုၼ်း သိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဝႃႈလႂ်ၼႆၸိုင် တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉမႃး ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ တိုၼ်းၵိူဝ်းယမ်ဝႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်း ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၶႅၼ်းတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းမႃး လိူဝ်ၵဝ်ႇတႄႉတႄႉ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈသင် ၵူၼ်းတႅမ်ႈ ပပ်ႉၼႆႉၵေႃႈ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ၶေႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇၸမ်ၵိၼ်ႁိမ်း ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ ႁူႉလွင်ႈတႆးၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်း။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ တႆးလႄႈ ၶေႇၵေႃႈ ပေႃးတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း သမ်ႉပေႃးတိုၵ်းတေႃးၵၼ်ယူႇ တႃႇ သေႇသေ တႃႇတႆးတေၼွမ်းၸူးၶဝ် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ လႅပ်ႈပဵၼ်လႆႈယၢပ်ႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇထိုင် ပွတ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်တႆး ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ ဝတ်ႉမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပေႃးမီး။ ၶေႃႈသင်ႇသွၼ် ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၵေႃႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ဢဝ်သူပ်းသေ သွၼ်ဢူမ်သူပ်းဝႆႉၵူၺ်း။ ထိုင်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 11 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းမိူင်း ပဵၼ်သိုၵ်းပဵၼ်သိူဝ်ႁႅင်းၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢဝ်ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၶိုၼ်းဝွတ်ႈဝွႆးၵႂႃႇဢိတ်းၼိုင်ႈ။ ဝၢႆးသေ သိုၵ်းသိူဝ်ၼႂ်းမိူင်း ယဵၼ်ၵႂႃ ယဝ်ႉၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၶိုၼ်းလုၵ်ႉ ဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းထႆး၊ မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈမႃးၼၼ်ႉ ၶိုၼ်းဢဝ်ငဝ်းလႅင်းမၼ်း ႁိူဝ်းလႅင်းမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပတ်ႉတသုတ်ႈပတ်တရသုတ်တ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်လိၵ်းတႆး တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၵ်ႇမႃး ဝၢႆးသေ ၶူင်ဢွၵ်ႇမႃးလိၵ်ႈတႆး မိူဝ်ႈ 1277 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>www.itourschina.com/Panorama/ southern-Buddhism.htm</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈၵေႃႈ လွင်ႈဝႃႈပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းယူႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇၼႆၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီထႅင်ႈယူႇ။ သမ်ႉၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇဝႃႈၼႆ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ် သႃႇသၼႃႇဢၼ်ၼႆႉ တေပဵၼ်လႆႈ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းပျီႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၽရူမ်း (Prome) ၼၼ်ႉသေ မႃးယူႇ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈဝႃႈ မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ႁိူင်းမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇၽႅဝ်မႃး မိူင်းပိဝ်ႇ သီႇရိၶဵတ်ႉတရႃႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၶုၼ် ေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇပုၼ်ႉ ၼႆၵေႃႈလႆႈႁၼ်။ ပိူင်ၼိုင်ႈၵေႃႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ပွတ်းဢပရၼ်ႇတၵ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်တႃႈၵွင်၊ ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈလႄႈ သၢပ်ႇၼမ်ႉလႅၼ်လိၼ် ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ် မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈပွတ်းၼိူဝ် ၸွမ်းႁိမ်းႁွမ်း မိူင်းပျီႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းပၢၼ်ဢေႇၻီႇ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ် ႁူမ်ႇငမ်းဝႆႉၼႆၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် လႄႈ ၸင်ႇႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇထိုင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ တိုၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် မိူင်းပျီႇသေၵႂႃႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၽွင်းယၢမ်းဢေႇၻီႇမိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ႁိူင်းဝႆႉၼႆႉ မိူင်းသထူင်ႇ၊ မိူင်းမွၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ႁိူင်းဝႆႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ မိူင်းသထူင်ႇလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း ဢမ်ႇလႆႈႁၼ်ဝႃႈ ၶဝ်ၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇၵၼ် မိူၼ်မိူင်းပျီႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ႁဝ်းလႆႈႁူႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းၸဝ်ႈဝူင်ႉႁေႃသႅင်လူင် ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 12 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်း လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးတႆး မႃးယဝ်ႉ ၼႆၶေႃႈၼိုင်ႈ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈတႆးႁဝ်း တႄႇမီးမႃး၊ တႄႇၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းမႃး မိူဝ်ႈလႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းဝႆႉတွၼ်ႈ ၼိုင်ႈ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ လိၵ်းတႆးႁဝ်းၼႆႉ ဢၼ်ၼႆႉမီးမႃး ၸဝ်ႉသေပိူၼ်ႈ ယဝ်ႉႁႃႉၼႆတႄႉ ပႆႇႁတ်းဝႃႈၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၵွပ်ႈၶေႃႈမုၼ်းမၼ်း ပႆႇသွၵ်ႈ ႁႃႁၼ်လႆႈၸေး။ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးႁဝ်း တင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈ တင်ႈမိူင်းမႃး ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ တင်ႈမႃးၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ပီမိူင်းပီႇၸီႇ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉပုၼ်ႉ။ ၵွပ်ႈၼၼ် လိၵ်းတႆးႁဝ်းၼႆႉ တိုၵ်ႉမီးမႃး ဢဝ်ပၢၼ်ၼႆႉၵူၺ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇဢမ်ႇႁတ်းဝႃႈ။ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉသိုပ်ႇဝႃႈ ယၢမ်းမိူဝ်ႈ လုၵ်ႈယိင်းၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ မိူဝ်းၵူပ်ႉၵူႈၵၼ် တင်းၵူၼ်းလူင် မိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1569 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ သူင်ႇမိူဝ်းၵူၼ်း ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ထိုင်မိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းၼၼ်ႉ ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈလႄႈ ပပ်ႉလိၵ်ႈပိတၵၢတ်ႈၵေႃႈ ဢဝ်မိူဝ်းၸွမ်းတင်းၼမ်။ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးလႄႈ ၵူၼ်းတၢင်ႇၶိူဝ်း ၸင်ႇဢွၼ်ၵၼ် တင်ႈမႃးဝတ်ႉဝႃးသေ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸွမ်းမႃး လၢႆးၸၢဝ်း ပုတ်ႉထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>www.itourschina.com/Panorama/ southern-Buddhism.htm</ref> ပေႃးတူၺ်းၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉပိုၼ်း History of Theravada Budddism in South-East Asia ဢၼ်ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ် Kanai Lal Hazra ၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းလူင်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၶၢဝ်လူင်ၾႃႉ [Ko Lo Feng] (748-778) ၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ယင်းႁူမ်ႇငမ်းထိုင်ပႃး မိူင်းပျီႇၽရူမ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ ပွတ်းၼိူဝ်၊ ပွတ်းတႂ်ႈ၊ ပွတ်းၵၢင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်းၽွင်းၸိူဝ်း ၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈမူတ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Kanai Lal Hazra, ''History of Theravada Budddism in South-East Asia, p.67. Naw Kham La, An Analytical Study of Tai Buddhism'', p.63</ref> {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] qp6gc31pr76ghnvbsrkssawok50lbkx 1335970 1335969 2026-04-27T09:44:55Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1335970 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ|ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ပီႈ ၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးမႃးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းတူၺ်း ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇ ဢႃႇရ်ၸီႇ မၵျမ်းတႃး တေးဝိတ်ႉ Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows-ၼၼ်ႉ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ "ႁဝ်းလႆႈ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းႁူႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးတင်းလႆၢ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ယူႇၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈ ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶေႇ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇသဝ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းယူႇသဝ်းၸွမ်းၵၼ်၊ မိုတ်ႈၵိုဝ်းၸမ်ၸႂ် ၵၼ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈလႂ်လႂ် ဢွၼ်ၼႃႈၶဝ် ပႆႇၶႆၢႉၵႂႃႇ ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းပုၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇမိူင်းၶေႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ မႁႃႇယႃႇၼၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် လိုၼ်းလင်ဢိတ်းဢီႈၵူၺ်း။ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈတႄႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉပုၼ်ႉ၊ ၵွပ်ႈႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆႉ မၼ်းမီးလွၼ်ႉၵႅၼ်၊ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၸႅတ်ႈၸၢင်ႇ၊ သမ်ႉတူၵ်းၸွမ်းသၽႃႇဝမၼ်းလီ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ သင်ႇသွၼ်မွၵ်ႇ လၢတ်ႈၼႄဝႆႉၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ" ၼႆယူႇ။<ref>Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows, ''Encyclopaedia of Asian History'', Genesis Publishing PvT Ltd, 2008. p.38.</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇ ၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼႆႉဝႃႈၸိုင် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ။ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ၊ သမ်ႉ မႃးႁွတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ၼႆ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ ၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်လႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီသေပိူၼ်ႈသုတ်းသုတ်းယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ် သႃႇသ ၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းယင်းဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်ၸွမ်းလွၵ်းလႆၢး မႁႃႇယၢၼ်းသေ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉတႄႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၵမ်းလိုၼ်းလင်ၵူၺ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ဢမ်ႇတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်း ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈတႄႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉတီႈလႂ်မႃးၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇပိုတ်ႇၼႄပႃး တီႈမၼ်းမႃး။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 45 ဢေႇၻီႇ ပၢၼ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ထဝ်ႉဢႅၼ်ႇ (Tao-an) မႃးဝႆၢးလင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၽွင်းမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇၶဝ် သွၵ်ႈႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးဝိၼယတိၵ်းတိၵ်းသေ ပိၼ်ႇပဵၼ်ၽႃႇသႃႇၶဝ်ယူႇတိၵ်းတိၵ်း။ ပႃးၸဵမ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉသႅင် (Fa-hsien) ဢၼ်မႃးႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး တီႈမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 5 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇ ၵုမႃရၸီႇဝၶဝ် တိုၵ်ႉပိၼ်ႇပပ်ႉ ဝိၼႆၢးယူႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပုၺ်ၺတရလႄႈ ထမ်ႇမရုၸိ ဢၼ် လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းၵႅတ်ႉသမီးယႃး မႃးၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းမႃးဢဝ် ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးထေႇရ ဝၢတ်ႈ/သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ ပိၼ်ႇၸွႆႈၽႃႇသႃႇၶေႇ ၶဝ်ယူႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူႇ သဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼၢႆး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈၸုမ်း သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Chao Pu-chu, ''Buddhism in China'', pp 4 -7.</ref> လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ်ထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆးယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈ ဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉယူႇ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၶဝ်မေႃ ပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ်သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃး ၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆလႂ်ယူႇ။<ref>Ibid, p 13. </ref> ပေႃးမႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပိုၼ်းၶေႇၶဝ် တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၼႆႉ ဝႃႈ "မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ် ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ၸုမ်းသႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃးၵူၺ်း" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ်၊ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ် ၶဝ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆး ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈ ၶဝ်မေႃပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇတႆးၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ် သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃးၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ် ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉသေ ဝႃႈလႂ်၊ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၽူႈလူင်ႉ ပိုၼ်း သိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဝႃႈလႂ်ၼႆၸိုင် တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉမႃး ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ တိုၼ်းၵိူဝ်းယမ်ဝႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်း ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၶႅၼ်းတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းမႃး လိူဝ်ၵဝ်ႇတႄႉတႄႉ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈသင် ၵူၼ်းတႅမ်ႈ ပပ်ႉၼႆႉၵေႃႈ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ၶေႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇၸမ်ၵိၼ်ႁိမ်း ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ ႁူႉလွင်ႈတႆးၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်း။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ တႆးလႄႈ ၶေႇၵေႃႈ ပေႃးတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း သမ်ႉပေႃးတိုၵ်းတေႃးၵၼ်ယူႇ တႃႇ သေႇသေ တႃႇတႆးတေၼွမ်းၸူးၶဝ် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ လႅပ်ႈပဵၼ်လႆႈယၢပ်ႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇထိုင် ပွတ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်တႆး ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ ဝတ်ႉမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပေႃးမီး။ ၶေႃႈသင်ႇသွၼ် ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၵေႃႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ဢဝ်သူပ်းသေ သွၼ်ဢူမ်သူပ်းဝႆႉၵူၺ်း။ ထိုင်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 11 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းမိူင်း ပဵၼ်သိုၵ်းပဵၼ်သိူဝ်ႁႅင်းၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢဝ်ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၶိုၼ်းဝွတ်ႈဝွႆးၵႂႃႇဢိတ်းၼိုင်ႈ။ ဝၢႆးသေ သိုၵ်းသိူဝ်ၼႂ်းမိူင်း ယဵၼ်ၵႂႃ ယဝ်ႉၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၶိုၼ်းလုၵ်ႉ ဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းထႆး၊ မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈမႃးၼၼ်ႉ ၶိုၼ်းဢဝ်ငဝ်းလႅင်းမၼ်း ႁိူဝ်းလႅင်းမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပတ်ႉတသုတ်ႈပတ်တရသုတ်တ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်လိၵ်းတႆး တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၵ်ႇမႃး ဝၢႆးသေ ၶူင်ဢွၵ်ႇမႃးလိၵ်ႈတႆး မိူဝ်ႈ 1277 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>www.itourschina.com/Panorama/ southern-Buddhism.htm</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈၵေႃႈ လွင်ႈဝႃႈပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းယူႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇၼႆၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီထႅင်ႈယူႇ။ သမ်ႉၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇဝႃႈၼႆ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ် သႃႇသၼႃႇဢၼ်ၼႆႉ တေပဵၼ်လႆႈ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းပျီႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၽရူမ်း (Prome) ၼၼ်ႉသေ မႃးယူႇ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈဝႃႈ မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ႁိူင်းမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇၽႅဝ်မႃး မိူင်းပိဝ်ႇ သီႇရိၶဵတ်ႉတရႃႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၶုၼ် ေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇပုၼ်ႉ ၼႆၵေႃႈလႆႈႁၼ်။ ပိူင်ၼိုင်ႈၵေႃႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ပွတ်းဢပရၼ်ႇတၵ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်တႃႈၵွင်၊ ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈလႄႈ သၢပ်ႇၼမ်ႉလႅၼ်လိၼ် ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ် မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈပွတ်းၼိူဝ် ၸွမ်းႁိမ်းႁွမ်း မိူင်းပျီႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းပၢၼ်ဢေႇၻီႇ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ် ႁူမ်ႇငမ်းဝႆႉၼႆၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် လႄႈ ၸင်ႇႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇထိုင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ တိုၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် မိူင်းပျီႇသေၵႂႃႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၽွင်းယၢမ်းဢေႇၻီႇမိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ႁိူင်းဝႆႉၼႆႉ မိူင်းသထူင်ႇ၊ မိူင်းမွၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ႁိူင်းဝႆႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ မိူင်းသထူင်ႇလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း ဢမ်ႇလႆႈႁၼ်ဝႃႈ ၶဝ်ၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇၵၼ် မိူၼ်မိူင်းပျီႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ႁဝ်းလႆႈႁူႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းၸဝ်ႈဝူင်ႉႁေႃသႅင်လူင် ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 12 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်း လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးတႆး မႃးယဝ်ႉ ၼႆၶေႃႈၼိုင်ႈ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈတႆးႁဝ်း တႄႇမီးမႃး၊ တႄႇၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းမႃး မိူဝ်ႈလႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းဝႆႉတွၼ်ႈ ၼိုင်ႈ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ လိၵ်းတႆးႁဝ်းၼႆႉ ဢၼ်ၼႆႉမီးမႃး ၸဝ်ႉသေပိူၼ်ႈ ယဝ်ႉႁႃႉၼႆတႄႉ ပႆႇႁတ်းဝႃႈၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၵွပ်ႈၶေႃႈမုၼ်းမၼ်း ပႆႇသွၵ်ႈ ႁႃႁၼ်လႆႈၸေး။ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးႁဝ်း တင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈ တင်ႈမိူင်းမႃး ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ တင်ႈမႃးၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ပီမိူင်းပီႇၸီႇ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉပုၼ်ႉ။ ၵွပ်ႈၼၼ် လိၵ်းတႆးႁဝ်းၼႆႉ တိုၵ်ႉမီးမႃး ဢဝ်ပၢၼ်ၼႆႉၵူၺ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇဢမ်ႇႁတ်းဝႃႈ။ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉသိုပ်ႇဝႃႈ ယၢမ်းမိူဝ်ႈ လုၵ်ႈယိင်းၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ မိူဝ်းၵူပ်ႉၵူႈၵၼ် တင်းၵူၼ်းလူင် မိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1569 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ သူင်ႇမိူဝ်းၵူၼ်း ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ထိုင်မိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းၼၼ်ႉ ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈလႄႈ ပပ်ႉလိၵ်ႈပိတၵၢတ်ႈၵေႃႈ ဢဝ်မိူဝ်းၸွမ်းတင်းၼမ်။ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးလႄႈ ၵူၼ်းတၢင်ႇၶိူဝ်း ၸင်ႇဢွၼ်ၵၼ် တင်ႈမႃးဝတ်ႉဝႃးသေ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸွမ်းမႃး လၢႆးၸၢဝ်း ပုတ်ႉထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>www.itourschina.com/Panorama/ southern-Buddhism.htm</ref> ပေႃးတူၺ်းၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉပိုၼ်း History of Theravada Budddism in South-East Asia ဢၼ်ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ် Kanai Lal Hazra ၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းလူင်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၶၢဝ်လူင်ၾႃႉ [Ko Lo Feng] (748-778) ၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ယင်းႁူမ်ႇငမ်းထိုင်ပႃး မိူင်းပျီႇၽရူမ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ ပွတ်းၼိူဝ်၊ ပွတ်းတႂ်ႈ၊ ပွတ်းၵၢင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်းၽွင်းၸိူဝ်း ၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈမူတ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Kanai Lal Hazra, ''History of Theravada Budddism in South-East Asia, p.67. Naw Kham La, An Analytical Study of Tai Buddhism'', p.63</ref> ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းၼႄလၵ်းထၢၼ်ဝႃႈ ပၢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈဝူင်ႉႁေႃသႅင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉလႄႈ ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ၶႃႈဝၢၼ်ႈၵူၼ်းမိူင်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ် ယၢမ်ႈၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇၸုမ်းလႂ်မႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းၼႄ လၵ်းထၢၼ်မၼ်ႈမၼ်ႈၵႅၼ်ႇၵႅၼ်ႇဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ်ၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ဢၼ်ၵိူဝ်းယမ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်း ၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေ ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ၶႂၢၼ်လူဝ်သႅင် [Kon Lo Sen] (809-816) သဵင်ၵၢမ်ႇၼွၼ်းၽေးၵႂႃႇ ၼႂ်းပၢၼ်ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ၸဝ်ႈသႂၢၼ်လူဝ်သႅင် (Shwen Lo Sen) ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လၢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၶုၼ်လူးၽူင်း ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈယင်းလေႃႇ ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ သၢမ်တူၼ် ဢၼ်ၼမ်ႉၼၵ်းမၼ်းမီး 3000 ဢွင်ႇၸ၊ (85.05 ၵီႇလူဝ်ႇ)ၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႇထၼပ်ႉယမ်ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ဢဝ်မိူဝ်းတၢၼ်းဝႆႉ တီႈဝတ်ႉမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႃႈလီၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းတႅမ်ႈမႆၢဝႆႉဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈတင်းမူတ်း တႃႇသိပ်းသီႇသိုပ်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ် ၶဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႈပဵၼ် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ဢၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႆၢလၢႆၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈဝူင်ႉႁေႃၶမ်းလူင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ် ဝၢႆးသေဢႃႇယုၶဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႈ ၵေႇထဝ်ႈမႃးသေ လိုဝ်ႈဝႆႉၼႃႈၵၢၼ် ပွင်ဝၢၼ်ႈပွင်မိူင်းၶဝ်ယဝ်ႉၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ် ၶဝ်ႈဝႆၽႃႈလိူင် ၼႂ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇသေ ႁဵတ်းမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈမုၼ်ၸၢင်းၵၼ် ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] 4yr6e2k43svtht7hdgu4st3l01cvitr 1335971 1335970 2026-04-27T09:45:35Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1335971 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ|ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ပီႈ ၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးမႃးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းတူၺ်း ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇ ဢႃႇရ်ၸီႇ မၵျမ်းတႃး တေးဝိတ်ႉ Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows-ၼၼ်ႉ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ "ႁဝ်းလႆႈ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းႁူႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးတင်းလႆၢ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ယူႇၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈ ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶေႇ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇသဝ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းယူႇသဝ်းၸွမ်းၵၼ်၊ မိုတ်ႈၵိုဝ်းၸမ်ၸႂ် ၵၼ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈလႂ်လႂ် ဢွၼ်ၼႃႈၶဝ် ပႆႇၶႆၢႉၵႂႃႇ ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းပုၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇမိူင်းၶေႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ မႁႃႇယႃႇၼၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် လိုၼ်းလင်ဢိတ်းဢီႈၵူၺ်း။ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈတႄႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉပုၼ်ႉ၊ ၵွပ်ႈႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆႉ မၼ်းမီးလွၼ်ႉၵႅၼ်၊ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၸႅတ်ႈၸၢင်ႇ၊ သမ်ႉတူၵ်းၸွမ်းသၽႃႇဝမၼ်းလီ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ သင်ႇသွၼ်မွၵ်ႇ လၢတ်ႈၼႄဝႆႉၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ" ၼႆယူႇ။<ref>Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows, ''Encyclopaedia of Asian History'', Genesis Publishing PvT Ltd, 2008. p.38.</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇ ၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼႆႉဝႃႈၸိုင် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ။ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ၊ သမ်ႉ မႃးႁွတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ၼႆ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ ၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်လႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီသေပိူၼ်ႈသုတ်းသုတ်းယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ် သႃႇသ ၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းယင်းဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်ၸွမ်းလွၵ်းလႆၢး မႁႃႇယၢၼ်းသေ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉတႄႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၵမ်းလိုၼ်းလင်ၵူၺ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ဢမ်ႇတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်း ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈတႄႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉတီႈလႂ်မႃးၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇပိုတ်ႇၼႄပႃး တီႈမၼ်းမႃး။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 45 ဢေႇၻီႇ ပၢၼ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ထဝ်ႉဢႅၼ်ႇ (Tao-an) မႃးဝႆၢးလင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၽွင်းမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇၶဝ် သွၵ်ႈႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးဝိၼယတိၵ်းတိၵ်းသေ ပိၼ်ႇပဵၼ်ၽႃႇသႃႇၶဝ်ယူႇတိၵ်းတိၵ်း။ ပႃးၸဵမ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉသႅင် (Fa-hsien) ဢၼ်မႃးႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး တီႈမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 5 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇ ၵုမႃရၸီႇဝၶဝ် တိုၵ်ႉပိၼ်ႇပပ်ႉ ဝိၼႆၢးယူႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပုၺ်ၺတရလႄႈ ထမ်ႇမရုၸိ ဢၼ် လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းၵႅတ်ႉသမီးယႃး မႃးၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းမႃးဢဝ် ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးထေႇရ ဝၢတ်ႈ/သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ ပိၼ်ႇၸွႆႈၽႃႇသႃႇၶေႇ ၶဝ်ယူႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူႇ သဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼၢႆး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈၸုမ်း သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Chao Pu-chu, ''Buddhism in China'', pp 4 -7.</ref> လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ်ထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆးယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈ ဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉယူႇ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၶဝ်မေႃ ပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ်သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃး ၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆလႂ်ယူႇ။<ref>Ibid, p 13. </ref> ပေႃးမႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပိုၼ်းၶေႇၶဝ် တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၼႆႉ ဝႃႈ "မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ် ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ၸုမ်းသႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃးၵူၺ်း" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ်၊ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ် ၶဝ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆး ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈ ၶဝ်မေႃပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇတႆးၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ် သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃးၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ် ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉသေ ဝႃႈလႂ်၊ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၽူႈလူင်ႉ ပိုၼ်း သိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဝႃႈလႂ်ၼႆၸိုင် တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉမႃး ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ တိုၼ်းၵိူဝ်းယမ်ဝႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်း ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၶႅၼ်းတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းမႃး လိူဝ်ၵဝ်ႇတႄႉတႄႉ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈသင် ၵူၼ်းတႅမ်ႈ ပပ်ႉၼႆႉၵေႃႈ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ၶေႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇၸမ်ၵိၼ်ႁိမ်း ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ ႁူႉလွင်ႈတႆးၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်း။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ တႆးလႄႈ ၶေႇၵေႃႈ ပေႃးတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း သမ်ႉပေႃးတိုၵ်းတေႃးၵၼ်ယူႇ တႃႇ သေႇသေ တႃႇတႆးတေၼွမ်းၸူးၶဝ် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ လႅပ်ႈပဵၼ်လႆႈယၢပ်ႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇထိုင် ပွတ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်တႆး ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ ဝတ်ႉမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပေႃးမီး။ ၶေႃႈသင်ႇသွၼ် ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၵေႃႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ဢဝ်သူပ်းသေ သွၼ်ဢူမ်သူပ်းဝႆႉၵူၺ်း။ ထိုင်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 11 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းမိူင်း ပဵၼ်သိုၵ်းပဵၼ်သိူဝ်ႁႅင်းၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢဝ်ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၶိုၼ်းဝွတ်ႈဝွႆးၵႂႃႇဢိတ်းၼိုင်ႈ။ ဝၢႆးသေ သိုၵ်းသိူဝ်ၼႂ်းမိူင်း ယဵၼ်ၵႂႃ ယဝ်ႉၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၶိုၼ်းလုၵ်ႉ ဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းထႆး၊ မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈမႃးၼၼ်ႉ ၶိုၼ်းဢဝ်ငဝ်းလႅင်းမၼ်း ႁိူဝ်းလႅင်းမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပတ်ႉတသုတ်ႈပတ်တရသုတ်တ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်လိၵ်းတႆး တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၵ်ႇမႃး ဝၢႆးသေ ၶူင်ဢွၵ်ႇမႃးလိၵ်ႈတႆး မိူဝ်ႈ 1277 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>www.itourschina.com/Panorama/ southern-Buddhism.htm</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈၵေႃႈ လွင်ႈဝႃႈပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းယူႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇၼႆၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီထႅင်ႈယူႇ။ သမ်ႉၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇဝႃႈၼႆ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ် သႃႇသၼႃႇဢၼ်ၼႆႉ တေပဵၼ်လႆႈ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းပျီႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၽရူမ်း (Prome) ၼၼ်ႉသေ မႃးယူႇ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈဝႃႈ မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ႁိူင်းမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇၽႅဝ်မႃး မိူင်းပိဝ်ႇ သီႇရိၶဵတ်ႉတရႃႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၶုၼ် ေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇပုၼ်ႉ ၼႆၵေႃႈလႆႈႁၼ်။ ပိူင်ၼိုင်ႈၵေႃႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ပွတ်းဢပရၼ်ႇတၵ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်တႃႈၵွင်၊ ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈလႄႈ သၢပ်ႇၼမ်ႉလႅၼ်လိၼ် ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ် မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈပွတ်းၼိူဝ် ၸွမ်းႁိမ်းႁွမ်း မိူင်းပျီႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းပၢၼ်ဢေႇၻီႇ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ် ႁူမ်ႇငမ်းဝႆႉၼႆၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် လႄႈ ၸင်ႇႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇထိုင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ တိုၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် မိူင်းပျီႇသေၵႂႃႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၽွင်းယၢမ်းဢေႇၻီႇမိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ႁိူင်းဝႆႉၼႆႉ မိူင်းသထူင်ႇ၊ မိူင်းမွၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ႁိူင်းဝႆႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ မိူင်းသထူင်ႇလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း ဢမ်ႇလႆႈႁၼ်ဝႃႈ ၶဝ်ၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇၵၼ် မိူၼ်မိူင်းပျီႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ႁဝ်းလႆႈႁူႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းၸဝ်ႈဝူင်ႉႁေႃသႅင်လူင် ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 12 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်း လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးတႆး မႃးယဝ်ႉ ၼႆၶေႃႈၼိုင်ႈ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈတႆးႁဝ်း တႄႇမီးမႃး၊ တႄႇၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းမႃး မိူဝ်ႈလႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းဝႆႉတွၼ်ႈ ၼိုင်ႈ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ လိၵ်းတႆးႁဝ်းၼႆႉ ဢၼ်ၼႆႉမီးမႃး ၸဝ်ႉသေပိူၼ်ႈ ယဝ်ႉႁႃႉၼႆတႄႉ ပႆႇႁတ်းဝႃႈၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၵွပ်ႈၶေႃႈမုၼ်းမၼ်း ပႆႇသွၵ်ႈ ႁႃႁၼ်လႆႈၸေး။ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးႁဝ်း တင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈ တင်ႈမိူင်းမႃး ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ တင်ႈမႃးၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ပီမိူင်းပီႇၸီႇ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉပုၼ်ႉ။ ၵွပ်ႈၼၼ် လိၵ်းတႆးႁဝ်းၼႆႉ တိုၵ်ႉမီးမႃး ဢဝ်ပၢၼ်ၼႆႉၵူၺ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇဢမ်ႇႁတ်းဝႃႈ။ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉသိုပ်ႇဝႃႈ ယၢမ်းမိူဝ်ႈ လုၵ်ႈယိင်းၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ မိူဝ်းၵူပ်ႉၵူႈၵၼ် တင်းၵူၼ်းလူင် မိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1569 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ သူင်ႇမိူဝ်းၵူၼ်း ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ထိုင်မိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းၼၼ်ႉ ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈလႄႈ ပပ်ႉလိၵ်ႈပိတၵၢတ်ႈၵေႃႈ ဢဝ်မိူဝ်းၸွမ်းတင်းၼမ်။ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးလႄႈ ၵူၼ်းတၢင်ႇၶိူဝ်း ၸင်ႇဢွၼ်ၵၼ် တင်ႈမႃးဝတ်ႉဝႃးသေ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸွမ်းမႃး လၢႆးၸၢဝ်း ပုတ်ႉထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>www.itourschina.com/Panorama/ southern-Buddhism.htm</ref> ပေႃးတူၺ်းၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉပိုၼ်း History of Theravada Budddism in South-East Asia ဢၼ်ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ် Kanai Lal Hazra ၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းလူင်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၶၢဝ်လူင်ၾႃႉ [Ko Lo Feng] (748-778) ၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ယင်းႁူမ်ႇငမ်းထိုင်ပႃး မိူင်းပျီႇၽရူမ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ ပွတ်းၼိူဝ်၊ ပွတ်းတႂ်ႈ၊ ပွတ်းၵၢင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်းၽွင်းၸိူဝ်း ၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈမူတ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Kanai Lal Hazra, ''History of Theravada Budddism in South-East Asia, p.67. Naw Kham La, An Analytical Study of Tai Buddhism'', p.63</ref> ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းၼႄလၵ်းထၢၼ်ဝႃႈ ပၢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈဝူင်ႉႁေႃသႅင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉလႄႈ ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ၶႃႈဝၢၼ်ႈၵူၼ်းမိူင်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ် ယၢမ်ႈၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇၸုမ်းလႂ်မႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းၼႄ လၵ်းထၢၼ်မၼ်ႈမၼ်ႈၵႅၼ်ႇၵႅၼ်ႇဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ်ၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ဢၼ်ၵိူဝ်းယမ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်း ၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေ ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ၶႂၢၼ်လူဝ်သႅင် [Kon Lo Sen] (809-816) သဵင်ၵၢမ်ႇၼွၼ်းၽေးၵႂႃႇ ၼႂ်းပၢၼ်ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ၸဝ်ႈသႂၢၼ်လူဝ်သႅင် (Shwen Lo Sen) ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လၢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၶုၼ်လူးၽူင်း ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈယင်းလေႃႇ ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ သၢမ်တူၼ် ဢၼ်ၼမ်ႉၼၵ်းမၼ်းမီး 3000 ဢွင်ႇၸ၊ (85.05 ၵီႇလူဝ်ႇ)ၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႇထၼပ်ႉယမ်ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ဢဝ်မိူဝ်းတၢၼ်းဝႆႉ တီႈဝတ်ႉမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႃႈလီၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းတႅမ်ႈမႆၢဝႆႉဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈတင်းမူတ်း တႃႇသိပ်းသီႇသိုပ်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ် ၶဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႈပဵၼ် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ဢၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႆၢလၢႆၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈဝူင်ႉႁေႃၶမ်းလူင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ် ဝၢႆးသေဢႃႇယုၶဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႈ ၵေႇထဝ်ႈမႃးသေ လိုဝ်ႈဝႆႉၼႃႈၵၢၼ် ပွင်ဝၢၼ်ႈပွင်မိူင်းၶဝ်ယဝ်ႉၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ် ၶဝ်ႈဝႆၽႃႈလိူင် ၼႂ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇသေ ႁဵတ်းမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈမုၼ်ၸၢင်းၵၼ် ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>''The Tai and The Tai Kingdoms'', pp.79-80. Naw Kham La, ''An Analytical Study of Tai Buddhism'', p.67.</ref> {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] prlh5omjhsa7j6u21cqlcrwmpebtkqt 1335972 1335971 2026-04-27T09:47:24Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1335972 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ|ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ပီႈ ၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးမႃးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းတူၺ်း ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇ ဢႃႇရ်ၸီႇ မၵျမ်းတႃး တေးဝိတ်ႉ Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows-ၼၼ်ႉ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ "ႁဝ်းလႆႈ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းႁူႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးတင်းလႆၢ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ယူႇၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈ ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶေႇ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇသဝ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းယူႇသဝ်းၸွမ်းၵၼ်၊ မိုတ်ႈၵိုဝ်းၸမ်ၸႂ် ၵၼ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈလႂ်လႂ် ဢွၼ်ၼႃႈၶဝ် ပႆႇၶႆၢႉၵႂႃႇ ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းပုၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇမိူင်းၶေႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ မႁႃႇယႃႇၼၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် လိုၼ်းလင်ဢိတ်းဢီႈၵူၺ်း။ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈတႄႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉပုၼ်ႉ၊ ၵွပ်ႈႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆႉ မၼ်းမီးလွၼ်ႉၵႅၼ်၊ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၸႅတ်ႈၸၢင်ႇ၊ သမ်ႉတူၵ်းၸွမ်းသၽႃႇဝမၼ်းလီ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ သင်ႇသွၼ်မွၵ်ႇ လၢတ်ႈၼႄဝႆႉၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ" ၼႆယူႇ။<ref>Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows, ''Encyclopaedia of Asian History'', Genesis Publishing PvT Ltd, 2008. p.38.</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇ ၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼႆႉဝႃႈၸိုင် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ။ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ၊ သမ်ႉ မႃးႁွတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ၼႆ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ ၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်လႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီသေပိူၼ်ႈသုတ်းသုတ်းယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ် သႃႇသ ၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းယင်းဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်ၸွမ်းလွၵ်းလႆၢး မႁႃႇယၢၼ်းသေ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉတႄႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၵမ်းလိုၼ်းလင်ၵူၺ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ဢမ်ႇတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်း ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈတႄႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉတီႈလႂ်မႃးၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇပိုတ်ႇၼႄပႃး တီႈမၼ်းမႃး။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 45 ဢေႇၻီႇ ပၢၼ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ထဝ်ႉဢႅၼ်ႇ (Tao-an) မႃးဝႆၢးလင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၽွင်းမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇၶဝ် သွၵ်ႈႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးဝိၼယတိၵ်းတိၵ်းသေ ပိၼ်ႇပဵၼ်ၽႃႇသႃႇၶဝ်ယူႇတိၵ်းတိၵ်း။ ပႃးၸဵမ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉသႅင် (Fa-hsien) ဢၼ်မႃးႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး တီႈမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 5 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇ ၵုမႃရၸီႇဝၶဝ် တိုၵ်ႉပိၼ်ႇပပ်ႉ ဝိၼႆၢးယူႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပုၺ်ၺတရလႄႈ ထမ်ႇမရုၸိ ဢၼ် လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းၵႅတ်ႉသမီးယႃး မႃးၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းမႃးဢဝ် ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးထေႇရ ဝၢတ်ႈ/သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ ပိၼ်ႇၸွႆႈၽႃႇသႃႇၶေႇ ၶဝ်ယူႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူႇ သဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼၢႆး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈၸုမ်း သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Chao Pu-chu, ''Buddhism in China'', pp 4 -7.</ref> လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ်ထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆးယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈ ဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉယူႇ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၶဝ်မေႃ ပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ်သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃး ၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆလႂ်ယူႇ။<ref>Ibid, p 13. </ref> ပေႃးမႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပိုၼ်းၶေႇၶဝ် တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၼႆႉ ဝႃႈ "မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ် ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ၸုမ်းသႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃးၵူၺ်း" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ်၊ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ် ၶဝ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆး ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈ ၶဝ်မေႃပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇတႆးၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ် သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃးၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ် ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉသေ ဝႃႈလႂ်၊ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၽူႈလူင်ႉ ပိုၼ်း သိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဝႃႈလႂ်ၼႆၸိုင် တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉမႃး ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ တိုၼ်းၵိူဝ်းယမ်ဝႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်း ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၶႅၼ်းတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းမႃး လိူဝ်ၵဝ်ႇတႄႉတႄႉ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈသင် ၵူၼ်းတႅမ်ႈ ပပ်ႉၼႆႉၵေႃႈ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ၶေႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇၸမ်ၵိၼ်ႁိမ်း ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ ႁူႉလွင်ႈတႆးၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်း။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ တႆးလႄႈ ၶေႇၵေႃႈ ပေႃးတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း သမ်ႉပေႃးတိုၵ်းတေႃးၵၼ်ယူႇ တႃႇ သေႇသေ တႃႇတႆးတေၼွမ်းၸူးၶဝ် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ လႅပ်ႈပဵၼ်လႆႈယၢပ်ႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇထိုင် ပွတ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်တႆး ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ ဝတ်ႉမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပေႃးမီး။ ၶေႃႈသင်ႇသွၼ် ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၵေႃႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ဢဝ်သူပ်းသေ သွၼ်ဢူမ်သူပ်းဝႆႉၵူၺ်း။ ထိုင်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 11 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းမိူင်း ပဵၼ်သိုၵ်းပဵၼ်သိူဝ်ႁႅင်းၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢဝ်ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၶိုၼ်းဝွတ်ႈဝွႆးၵႂႃႇဢိတ်းၼိုင်ႈ။ ဝၢႆးသေ သိုၵ်းသိူဝ်ၼႂ်းမိူင်း ယဵၼ်ၵႂႃ ယဝ်ႉၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၶိုၼ်းလုၵ်ႉ ဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းထႆး၊ မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈမႃးၼၼ်ႉ ၶိုၼ်းဢဝ်ငဝ်းလႅင်းမၼ်း ႁိူဝ်းလႅင်းမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပတ်ႉတသုတ်ႈပတ်တရသုတ်တ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်လိၵ်းတႆး တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၵ်ႇမႃး ဝၢႆးသေ ၶူင်ဢွၵ်ႇမႃးလိၵ်ႈတႆး မိူဝ်ႈ 1277 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>www.itourschina.com/Panorama/ southern-Buddhism.htm</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈၵေႃႈ လွင်ႈဝႃႈပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းယူႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇၼႆၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီထႅင်ႈယူႇ။ သမ်ႉၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇဝႃႈၼႆ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ် သႃႇသၼႃႇဢၼ်ၼႆႉ တေပဵၼ်လႆႈ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းပျီႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၽရူမ်း (Prome) ၼၼ်ႉသေ မႃးယူႇ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈဝႃႈ မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ႁိူင်းမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇၽႅဝ်မႃး မိူင်းပိဝ်ႇ သီႇရိၶဵတ်ႉတရႃႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၶုၼ် ေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇပုၼ်ႉ ၼႆၵေႃႈလႆႈႁၼ်။ ပိူင်ၼိုင်ႈၵေႃႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ပွတ်းဢပရၼ်ႇတၵ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်တႃႈၵွင်၊ ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈလႄႈ သၢပ်ႇၼမ်ႉလႅၼ်လိၼ် ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ် မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈပွတ်းၼိူဝ် ၸွမ်းႁိမ်းႁွမ်း မိူင်းပျီႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းပၢၼ်ဢေႇၻီႇ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ် ႁူမ်ႇငမ်းဝႆႉၼႆၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် လႄႈ ၸင်ႇႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇထိုင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ တိုၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် မိူင်းပျီႇသေၵႂႃႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၽွင်းယၢမ်းဢေႇၻီႇမိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ႁိူင်းဝႆႉၼႆႉ မိူင်းသထူင်ႇ၊ မိူင်းမွၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ႁိူင်းဝႆႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ မိူင်းသထူင်ႇလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း ဢမ်ႇလႆႈႁၼ်ဝႃႈ ၶဝ်ၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇၵၼ် မိူၼ်မိူင်းပျီႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ႁဝ်းလႆႈႁူႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းၸဝ်ႈဝူင်ႉႁေႃသႅင်လူင် ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 12 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်း လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးတႆး မႃးယဝ်ႉ ၼႆၶေႃႈၼိုင်ႈ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈတႆးႁဝ်း တႄႇမီးမႃး၊ တႄႇၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းမႃး မိူဝ်ႈလႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းဝႆႉတွၼ်ႈ ၼိုင်ႈ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ လိၵ်းတႆးႁဝ်းၼႆႉ ဢၼ်ၼႆႉမီးမႃး ၸဝ်ႉသေပိူၼ်ႈ ယဝ်ႉႁႃႉၼႆတႄႉ ပႆႇႁတ်းဝႃႈၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၵွပ်ႈၶေႃႈမုၼ်းမၼ်း ပႆႇသွၵ်ႈ ႁႃႁၼ်လႆႈၸေး။ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးႁဝ်း တင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈ တင်ႈမိူင်းမႃး ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ တင်ႈမႃးၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ပီမိူင်းပီႇၸီႇ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉပုၼ်ႉ။ ၵွပ်ႈၼၼ် လိၵ်းတႆးႁဝ်းၼႆႉ တိုၵ်ႉမီးမႃး ဢဝ်ပၢၼ်ၼႆႉၵူၺ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇဢမ်ႇႁတ်းဝႃႈ။ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉသိုပ်ႇဝႃႈ ယၢမ်းမိူဝ်ႈ လုၵ်ႈယိင်းၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ မိူဝ်းၵူပ်ႉၵူႈၵၼ် တင်းၵူၼ်းလူင် မိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1569 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ သူင်ႇမိူဝ်းၵူၼ်း ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ထိုင်မိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းၼၼ်ႉ ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈလႄႈ ပပ်ႉလိၵ်ႈပိတၵၢတ်ႈၵေႃႈ ဢဝ်မိူဝ်းၸွမ်းတင်းၼမ်။ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးလႄႈ ၵူၼ်းတၢင်ႇၶိူဝ်း ၸင်ႇဢွၼ်ၵၼ် တင်ႈမႃးဝတ်ႉဝႃးသေ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸွမ်းမႃး လၢႆးၸၢဝ်း ပုတ်ႉထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>www.itourschina.com/Panorama/ southern-Buddhism.htm</ref> ပေႃးတူၺ်းၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉပိုၼ်း History of Theravada Budddism in South-East Asia ဢၼ်ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ် Kanai Lal Hazra ၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းလူင်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၶၢဝ်လူင်ၾႃႉ [Ko Lo Feng] (748-778) ၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ယင်းႁူမ်ႇငမ်းထိုင်ပႃး မိူင်းပျီႇၽရူမ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ ပွတ်းၼိူဝ်၊ ပွတ်းတႂ်ႈ၊ ပွတ်းၵၢင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်းၽွင်းၸိူဝ်း ၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈမူတ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Kanai Lal Hazra, ''History of Theravada Budddism in South-East Asia, p.67. Naw Kham La, An Analytical Study of Tai Buddhism'', p.63</ref> ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းၼႄလၵ်းထၢၼ်ဝႃႈ ပၢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈဝူင်ႉႁေႃသႅင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉလႄႈ ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ၶႃႈဝၢၼ်ႈၵူၼ်းမိူင်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ် ယၢမ်ႈၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇၸုမ်းလႂ်မႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းၼႄ လၵ်းထၢၼ်မၼ်ႈမၼ်ႈၵႅၼ်ႇၵႅၼ်ႇဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ်ၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ဢၼ်ၵိူဝ်းယမ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်း ၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေ ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ၶႂၢၼ်လူဝ်သႅင် [Kon Lo Sen] (809-816) သဵင်ၵၢမ်ႇၼွၼ်းၽေးၵႂႃႇ ၼႂ်းပၢၼ်ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ၸဝ်ႈသႂၢၼ်လူဝ်သႅင် (Shwen Lo Sen) ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လၢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၶုၼ်လူးၽူင်း ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈယင်းလေႃႇ ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ သၢမ်တူၼ် ဢၼ်ၼမ်ႉၼၵ်းမၼ်းမီး 3000 ဢွင်ႇၸ၊ (85.05 ၵီႇလူဝ်ႇ)ၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႇထၼပ်ႉယမ်ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ဢဝ်မိူဝ်းတၢၼ်းဝႆႉ တီႈဝတ်ႉမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႃႈလီၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းတႅမ်ႈမႆၢဝႆႉဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈတင်းမူတ်း တႃႇသိပ်းသီႇသိုပ်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ် ၶဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႈပဵၼ် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ဢၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႆၢလၢႆၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈဝူင်ႉႁေႃၶမ်းလူင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ် ဝၢႆးသေဢႃႇယုၶဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႈ ၵေႇထဝ်ႈမႃးသေ လိုဝ်ႈဝႆႉၼႃႈၵၢၼ် ပွင်ဝၢၼ်ႈပွင်မိူင်းၶဝ်ယဝ်ႉၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ် ၶဝ်ႈဝႆၽႃႈလိူင် ၼႂ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇသေ ႁဵတ်းမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈမုၼ်ၸၢင်းၵၼ် ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>''The Tai and The Tai Kingdoms'', pp.79-80. Naw Kham La, ''An Analytical Study of Tai Buddhism'', p.67.</ref> ပေႃးသမ်ႉမႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ်ထႅင်ႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ လွင်ႈဝႃႈ မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ယၢမ်ႈၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇဢၼ်လႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တိုၼ်းတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီဝႆႉတႄႉတႄႉ။ ၼႂ်းၼၼ်ႉ ဝႃႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ "ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈတင်းမူတ်း တႃႇသိပ်းသီႇသိုပ်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ် ၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈပဵၼ် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ဢၼ် ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႆၢလၢႆၼႆယဝ်ႉ" ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဝႃႈၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၶႃႈဝၢၼ်ႈ ၵူၼ်းမိူင်းၵေႃႈ ႁူႉၵႃႈတေပဵၼ် ၽူႈၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆႉၵူၺ်းၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၾိင်ႈလေႃးၵ ၵူၼ်းႁိူၼ်းၵူၼ်းယေးၶဝ် ၼႆၵေႃႈ ၼႂ်းႁိူၼ်းၼိုင်ႈလင်ၼႆႉ ပေႃႈမႄႈပဵၼ်ပိူင်လူင်မၼ်း။ ပေႃး ပေႃႈမႄႈဢွၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉၵေႃႈ လုၵ်ႈလၢင်းၵႃႈလႆႈပဵၼ် ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လိူင်ႈၼႆႉတႄႉ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇမၼ်း တိုၼ်းမီး ပႅတ်ႇသိပ်း။ ဝတ်ႉဝႃးၼိုင်ႈလင်ၵေႃႈ တေႃႈၼၼ်ၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ ပေႃးမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈလူင်မၼ်း ပဵၼ်သုထမ်ႇမႃႇၵေႃႈ လုၵ်ႈသိတ်ႈ (တပေး) မၼ်း ၵႃႈတေလႆႈပဵၼ် သုထမ်ႇမႃႇယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] 2r7cmwpezhcpytbwi6pgk0maq2yy46e 1335973 1335972 2026-04-27T09:50:50Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1335973 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ|ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ပီႈ ၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးမႃးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းတူၺ်း ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇ ဢႃႇရ်ၸီႇ မၵျမ်းတႃး တေးဝိတ်ႉ Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows-ၼၼ်ႉ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ "ႁဝ်းလႆႈ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းႁူႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးတင်းလႆၢ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ယူႇၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈ ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶေႇ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇသဝ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းယူႇသဝ်းၸွမ်းၵၼ်၊ မိုတ်ႈၵိုဝ်းၸမ်ၸႂ် ၵၼ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈလႂ်လႂ် ဢွၼ်ၼႃႈၶဝ် ပႆႇၶႆၢႉၵႂႃႇ ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းပုၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇမိူင်းၶေႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ မႁႃႇယႃႇၼၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် လိုၼ်းလင်ဢိတ်းဢီႈၵူၺ်း။ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈတႄႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉပုၼ်ႉ၊ ၵွပ်ႈႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆႉ မၼ်းမီးလွၼ်ႉၵႅၼ်၊ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၸႅတ်ႈၸၢင်ႇ၊ သမ်ႉတူၵ်းၸွမ်းသၽႃႇဝမၼ်းလီ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ သင်ႇသွၼ်မွၵ်ႇ လၢတ်ႈၼႄဝႆႉၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ" ၼႆယူႇ။<ref>Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows, ''Encyclopaedia of Asian History'', Genesis Publishing PvT Ltd, 2008. p.38.</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇ ၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼႆႉဝႃႈၸိုင် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ။ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ၊ သမ်ႉ မႃးႁွတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ၼႆ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ ၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်လႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီသေပိူၼ်ႈသုတ်းသုတ်းယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ် သႃႇသ ၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းယင်းဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်ၸွမ်းလွၵ်းလႆၢး မႁႃႇယၢၼ်းသေ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉတႄႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၵမ်းလိုၼ်းလင်ၵူၺ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ဢမ်ႇတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်း ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈတႄႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉတီႈလႂ်မႃးၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇပိုတ်ႇၼႄပႃး တီႈမၼ်းမႃး။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 45 ဢေႇၻီႇ ပၢၼ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ထဝ်ႉဢႅၼ်ႇ (Tao-an) မႃးဝႆၢးလင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၽွင်းမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇၶဝ် သွၵ်ႈႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးဝိၼယတိၵ်းတိၵ်းသေ ပိၼ်ႇပဵၼ်ၽႃႇသႃႇၶဝ်ယူႇတိၵ်းတိၵ်း။ ပႃးၸဵမ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉသႅင် (Fa-hsien) ဢၼ်မႃးႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး တီႈမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 5 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇ ၵုမႃရၸီႇဝၶဝ် တိုၵ်ႉပိၼ်ႇပပ်ႉ ဝိၼႆၢးယူႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပုၺ်ၺတရလႄႈ ထမ်ႇမရုၸိ ဢၼ် လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းၵႅတ်ႉသမီးယႃး မႃးၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းမႃးဢဝ် ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးထေႇရ ဝၢတ်ႈ/သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ ပိၼ်ႇၸွႆႈၽႃႇသႃႇၶေႇ ၶဝ်ယူႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူႇ သဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼၢႆး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈၸုမ်း သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Chao Pu-chu, ''Buddhism in China'', pp 4 -7.</ref> လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ်ထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆးယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈ ဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉယူႇ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၶဝ်မေႃ ပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ်သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃး ၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆလႂ်ယူႇ။<ref>Ibid, p 13. </ref> ပေႃးမႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပိုၼ်းၶေႇၶဝ် တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၼႆႉ ဝႃႈ "မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ် ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ၸုမ်းသႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃးၵူၺ်း" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ်၊ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ် ၶဝ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆး ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈ ၶဝ်မေႃပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇတႆးၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ် သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃးၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ် ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉသေ ဝႃႈလႂ်၊ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၽူႈလူင်ႉ ပိုၼ်း သိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဝႃႈလႂ်ၼႆၸိုင် တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉမႃး ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ တိုၼ်းၵိူဝ်းယမ်ဝႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်း ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၶႅၼ်းတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းမႃး လိူဝ်ၵဝ်ႇတႄႉတႄႉ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈသင် ၵူၼ်းတႅမ်ႈ ပပ်ႉၼႆႉၵေႃႈ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ၶေႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇၸမ်ၵိၼ်ႁိမ်း ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ ႁူႉလွင်ႈတႆးၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်း။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ တႆးလႄႈ ၶေႇၵေႃႈ ပေႃးတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း သမ်ႉပေႃးတိုၵ်းတေႃးၵၼ်ယူႇ တႃႇ သေႇသေ တႃႇတႆးတေၼွမ်းၸူးၶဝ် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ လႅပ်ႈပဵၼ်လႆႈယၢပ်ႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇထိုင် ပွတ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်တႆး ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ ဝတ်ႉမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပေႃးမီး။ ၶေႃႈသင်ႇသွၼ် ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၵေႃႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ဢဝ်သူပ်းသေ သွၼ်ဢူမ်သူပ်းဝႆႉၵူၺ်း။ ထိုင်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 11 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းမိူင်း ပဵၼ်သိုၵ်းပဵၼ်သိူဝ်ႁႅင်းၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢဝ်ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၶိုၼ်းဝွတ်ႈဝွႆးၵႂႃႇဢိတ်းၼိုင်ႈ။ ဝၢႆးသေ သိုၵ်းသိူဝ်ၼႂ်းမိူင်း ယဵၼ်ၵႂႃ ယဝ်ႉၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၶိုၼ်းလုၵ်ႉ ဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းထႆး၊ မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈမႃးၼၼ်ႉ ၶိုၼ်းဢဝ်ငဝ်းလႅင်းမၼ်း ႁိူဝ်းလႅင်းမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပတ်ႉတသုတ်ႈပတ်တရသုတ်တ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်လိၵ်းတႆး တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၵ်ႇမႃး ဝၢႆးသေ ၶူင်ဢွၵ်ႇမႃးလိၵ်ႈတႆး မိူဝ်ႈ 1277 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>www.itourschina.com/Panorama/ southern-Buddhism.htm</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈၵေႃႈ လွင်ႈဝႃႈပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းယူႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇၼႆၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီထႅင်ႈယူႇ။ သမ်ႉၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇဝႃႈၼႆ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ် သႃႇသၼႃႇဢၼ်ၼႆႉ တေပဵၼ်လႆႈ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းပျီႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၽရူမ်း (Prome) ၼၼ်ႉသေ မႃးယူႇ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈဝႃႈ မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ႁိူင်းမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇၽႅဝ်မႃး မိူင်းပိဝ်ႇ သီႇရိၶဵတ်ႉတရႃႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၶုၼ် ေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇပုၼ်ႉ ၼႆၵေႃႈလႆႈႁၼ်။ ပိူင်ၼိုင်ႈၵေႃႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ပွတ်းဢပရၼ်ႇတၵ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်တႃႈၵွင်၊ ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈလႄႈ သၢပ်ႇၼမ်ႉလႅၼ်လိၼ် ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ် မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈပွတ်းၼိူဝ် ၸွမ်းႁိမ်းႁွမ်း မိူင်းပျီႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းပၢၼ်ဢေႇၻီႇ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ် ႁူမ်ႇငမ်းဝႆႉၼႆၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် လႄႈ ၸင်ႇႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇထိုင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ တိုၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် မိူင်းပျီႇသေၵႂႃႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၽွင်းယၢမ်းဢေႇၻီႇမိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ႁိူင်းဝႆႉၼႆႉ မိူင်းသထူင်ႇ၊ မိူင်းမွၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ႁိူင်းဝႆႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ မိူင်းသထူင်ႇလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း ဢမ်ႇလႆႈႁၼ်ဝႃႈ ၶဝ်ၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇၵၼ် မိူၼ်မိူင်းပျီႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ႁဝ်းလႆႈႁူႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းၸဝ်ႈဝူင်ႉႁေႃသႅင်လူင် ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 12 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်း လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးတႆး မႃးယဝ်ႉ ၼႆၶေႃႈၼိုင်ႈ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈတႆးႁဝ်း တႄႇမီးမႃး၊ တႄႇၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းမႃး မိူဝ်ႈလႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းဝႆႉတွၼ်ႈ ၼိုင်ႈ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ လိၵ်းတႆးႁဝ်းၼႆႉ ဢၼ်ၼႆႉမီးမႃး ၸဝ်ႉသေပိူၼ်ႈ ယဝ်ႉႁႃႉၼႆတႄႉ ပႆႇႁတ်းဝႃႈၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၵွပ်ႈၶေႃႈမုၼ်းမၼ်း ပႆႇသွၵ်ႈ ႁႃႁၼ်လႆႈၸေး။ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးႁဝ်း တင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈ တင်ႈမိူင်းမႃး ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ တင်ႈမႃးၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ပီမိူင်းပီႇၸီႇ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉပုၼ်ႉ။ ၵွပ်ႈၼၼ် လိၵ်းတႆးႁဝ်းၼႆႉ တိုၵ်ႉမီးမႃး ဢဝ်ပၢၼ်ၼႆႉၵူၺ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇဢမ်ႇႁတ်းဝႃႈ။ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉသိုပ်ႇဝႃႈ ယၢမ်းမိူဝ်ႈ လုၵ်ႈယိင်းၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ မိူဝ်းၵူပ်ႉၵူႈၵၼ် တင်းၵူၼ်းလူင် မိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1569 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ သူင်ႇမိူဝ်းၵူၼ်း ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ထိုင်မိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းၼၼ်ႉ ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈလႄႈ ပပ်ႉလိၵ်ႈပိတၵၢတ်ႈၵေႃႈ ဢဝ်မိူဝ်းၸွမ်းတင်းၼမ်။ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးလႄႈ ၵူၼ်းတၢင်ႇၶိူဝ်း ၸင်ႇဢွၼ်ၵၼ် တင်ႈမႃးဝတ်ႉဝႃးသေ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸွမ်းမႃး လၢႆးၸၢဝ်း ပုတ်ႉထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>www.itourschina.com/Panorama/ southern-Buddhism.htm</ref> ပေႃးတူၺ်းၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉပိုၼ်း History of Theravada Budddism in South-East Asia ဢၼ်ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ် Kanai Lal Hazra ၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းလူင်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၶၢဝ်လူင်ၾႃႉ [Ko Lo Feng] (748-778) ၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ယင်းႁူမ်ႇငမ်းထိုင်ပႃး မိူင်းပျီႇၽရူမ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ ပွတ်းၼိူဝ်၊ ပွတ်းတႂ်ႈ၊ ပွတ်းၵၢင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်းၽွင်းၸိူဝ်း ၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈမူတ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Kanai Lal Hazra, ''History of Theravada Budddism in South-East Asia, p.67. Naw Kham La, An Analytical Study of Tai Buddhism'', p.63</ref> ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းၼႄလၵ်းထၢၼ်ဝႃႈ ပၢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈဝူင်ႉႁေႃသႅင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉလႄႈ ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ၶႃႈဝၢၼ်ႈၵူၼ်းမိူင်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ် ယၢမ်ႈၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇၸုမ်းလႂ်မႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းၼႄ လၵ်းထၢၼ်မၼ်ႈမၼ်ႈၵႅၼ်ႇၵႅၼ်ႇဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ်ၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ဢၼ်ၵိူဝ်းယမ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်း ၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေ ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ၶႂၢၼ်လူဝ်သႅင် [Kon Lo Sen] (809-816) သဵင်ၵၢမ်ႇၼွၼ်းၽေးၵႂႃႇ ၼႂ်းပၢၼ်ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ၸဝ်ႈသႂၢၼ်လူဝ်သႅင် (Shwen Lo Sen) ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လၢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၶုၼ်လူးၽူင်း ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈယင်းလေႃႇ ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ သၢမ်တူၼ် ဢၼ်ၼမ်ႉၼၵ်းမၼ်းမီး 3000 ဢွင်ႇၸ၊ (85.05 ၵီႇလူဝ်ႇ)ၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႇထၼပ်ႉယမ်ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ဢဝ်မိူဝ်းတၢၼ်းဝႆႉ တီႈဝတ်ႉမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႃႈလီၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းတႅမ်ႈမႆၢဝႆႉဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈတင်းမူတ်း တႃႇသိပ်းသီႇသိုပ်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ် ၶဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႈပဵၼ် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ဢၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႆၢလၢႆၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈဝူင်ႉႁေႃၶမ်းလူင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ် ဝၢႆးသေဢႃႇယုၶဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႈ ၵေႇထဝ်ႈမႃးသေ လိုဝ်ႈဝႆႉၼႃႈၵၢၼ် ပွင်ဝၢၼ်ႈပွင်မိူင်းၶဝ်ယဝ်ႉၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ် ၶဝ်ႈဝႆၽႃႈလိူင် ၼႂ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇသေ ႁဵတ်းမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈမုၼ်ၸၢင်းၵၼ် ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>''The Tai and The Tai Kingdoms'', pp.79-80. Naw Kham La, ''An Analytical Study of Tai Buddhism'', p.67.</ref> ပေႃးသမ်ႉမႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ်ထႅင်ႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ လွင်ႈဝႃႈ မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ယၢမ်ႈၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇဢၼ်လႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တိုၼ်းတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီဝႆႉတႄႉတႄႉ။ ၼႂ်းၼၼ်ႉ ဝႃႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ "ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈတင်းမူတ်း တႃႇသိပ်းသီႇသိုပ်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ် ၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈပဵၼ် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ဢၼ် ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႆၢလၢႆၼႆယဝ်ႉ" ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဝႃႈၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၶႃႈဝၢၼ်ႈ ၵူၼ်းမိူင်းၵေႃႈ ႁူႉၵႃႈတေပဵၼ် ၽူႈၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆႉၵူၺ်းၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၾိင်ႈလေႃးၵ ၵူၼ်းႁိူၼ်းၵူၼ်းယေးၶဝ် ၼႆၵေႃႈ ၼႂ်းႁိူၼ်းၼိုင်ႈလင်ၼႆႉ ပေႃႈမႄႈပဵၼ်ပိူင်လူင်မၼ်း။ ပေႃး ပေႃႈမႄႈဢွၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉၵေႃႈ လုၵ်ႈလၢင်းၵႃႈလႆႈပဵၼ် ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လိူင်ႈၼႆႉတႄႉ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇမၼ်း တိုၼ်းမီး ပႅတ်ႇသိပ်း။ ဝတ်ႉဝႃးၼိုင်ႈလင်ၵေႃႈ တေႃႈၼၼ်ၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ ပေႃးမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈလူင်မၼ်း ပဵၼ်သုထမ်ႇမႃႇၵေႃႈ လုၵ်ႈသိတ်ႈ (တပေး) မၼ်း ၵႃႈတေလႆႈပဵၼ် သုထမ်ႇမႃႇယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈထႅင်ႈ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ဝႃႈဝႆႉ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇသဝ်း ၼႂ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ၊ ၼႂ်းၸေႈတွၼ်ႈယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉၶိူဝ်းပိဝ်ႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇမိူင်းပျီႇ (ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း-ၽရူမ်း) ၶဝ် တိုၼ်းမီးလွင်ႈၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇၵၼ် လွင်ႈၸၢဝ်းၵိူဝ်းယမ်။ ဝၢႆးသေ ပၢၼ်ပၵၢၼ်ႇမႃး ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢလွင်းၸီႇတူႇ (1112-1167) ၼၼ်ႉ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၸင်ႇတႄႇၵိူဝ်းယမ်မႃး ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Kheminda (U), ''History of Mongmit'', p.132.</ref> လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ၵျွၼ်ႇဢႅတ်ႉၸ် သတရွင်း (John S. Strong) ၵေႃႈဝႃႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ပိၵ်ႉသမ်ႉၶဝ်ဢဝ်ၸွမ်း လွၵ်းလႆၢးမႁႃႇယႃႇၼၼႆသေတ ပိူင်လူင် မၼ်းတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢဝ်ၸွမ်း လွၵ်းလႆၢးတၢင်းႁဵတ်းတၢင်းသၢင်ႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ (ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ) ဢၼ်ၶဝ် ၼပ်ႉယမ် ဢၼ်ယၢမ်ႈမႃးႁွတ်ႈ မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ (တႃလီႈ)ၼၼ်ႉ ၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈဢွၼ်တၢင်း တင်းလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ 7 ၵေႃႉ ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ၸဝ်ႈဢရႁၼ်ႇၶဝ် တင်းၼမ်သေ ယၢမ်ႈဝိၼ်မႃး ၼိူဝ်ၵၢင်ႁၢဝ် မႃးထိုင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် မိူင်းတႃလီႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>John S. Strong, ''the legend and cult of Upagupta: Sanskrit Buddhism in north India and Southeast Asia'', p. 175. </ref> {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] bm5mv9rhkb8r9wm6ug4yrtflo9r0x16 1335974 1335973 2026-04-27T09:57:37Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1335974 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းတႆး ဢၢႆႈလၢဝ်း (ဢေႇၻီႇ 47-225)]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ|ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ၵဵဝ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ပီႈ ၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉ ပေႃးမႃးလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းတူၺ်း ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇ ဢႃႇရ်ၸီႇ မၵျမ်းတႃး တေးဝိတ်ႉ Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows-ၼၼ်ႉ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ "ႁဝ်းလႆႈ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းႁူႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးတင်းလႆၢ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ယူႇၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈ ၶဝ်ႈမႃးၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶေႇ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇသဝ်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းယူႇသဝ်းၸွမ်းၵၼ်၊ မိုတ်ႈၵိုဝ်းၸမ်ၸႂ် ၵၼ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈလႂ်လႂ် ဢွၼ်ၼႃႈၶဝ် ပႆႇၶႆၢႉၵႂႃႇ ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းပုၼ်ႉၵွၼ်ႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇမိူင်းၶေႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ မႁႃႇယႃႇၼၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် လိုၼ်းလင်ဢိတ်းဢီႈၵူၺ်း။ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈတႄႉ ၶဝ်တိုၼ်းၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉပုၼ်ႉ၊ ၵွပ်ႈႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆႉ မၼ်းမီးလွၼ်ႉၵႅၼ်၊ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်ၸႅတ်ႈၸၢင်ႇ၊ သမ်ႉတူၵ်းၸွမ်းသၽႃႇဝမၼ်းလီ ၸွမ်းၼင်ႇပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ သင်ႇသွၼ်မွၵ်ႇ လၢတ်ႈၼႄဝႆႉၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ" ၼႆယူႇ။<ref>Sir Alexander Cunningham, R.C. Majumdar, David. P. Darrows, ''Encyclopaedia of Asian History'', Genesis Publishing PvT Ltd, 2008. p.38.</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇ ၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼႆႉဝႃႈၸိုင် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းသေလႄႈၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ။ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ၊ သမ်ႉ မႃးႁွတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇပုၼ်ႉဝႃႈ ၼႆ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ ၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်လႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီသေပိူၼ်ႈသုတ်းသုတ်းယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇ ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ၼပ်ႉယမ်မႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းတိုၼ်းပဵၼ် သႃႇသ ၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 1 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယူႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းယင်းဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်ၸွမ်းလွၵ်းလႆၢး မႁႃႇယၢၼ်းသေ ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၼႆႉတႄႉ မၼ်းပဵၼ် ဢၼ်ၵမ်းလိုၼ်းလင်ၵူၺ်းၼႆယူႇ။ ဢၼ်ဢမ်ႇတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်း ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈတႄႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းလုၵ်ႉတီႈလႂ်မႃးၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ မၼ်းဢမ်ႇပိုတ်ႇၼႄပႃး တီႈမၼ်းမႃး။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 45 ဢေႇၻီႇ ပၢၼ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ထဝ်ႉဢႅၼ်ႇ (Tao-an) မႃးဝႆၢးလင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ၽွင်းမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇၶဝ် သွၵ်ႈႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးဝိၼယတိၵ်းတိၵ်းသေ ပိၼ်ႇပဵၼ်ၽႃႇသႃႇၶဝ်ယူႇတိၵ်းတိၵ်း။ ပႃးၸဵမ်မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉသႅင် (Fa-hsien) ဢၼ်မႃးႁႃ ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး တီႈမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 5 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း မုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶေႇ ၵုမႃရၸီႇဝၶဝ် တိုၵ်ႉပိၼ်ႇပပ်ႉ ဝိၼႆၢးယူႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၸဝ်ႈပုၺ်ၺတရလႄႈ ထမ်ႇမရုၸိ ဢၼ် လုၵ်ႉမိူင်းၵႅတ်ႉသမီးယႃး မႃးၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းမႃးဢဝ် ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢးထေႇရ ဝၢတ်ႈ/သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ ပိၼ်ႇၸွႆႈၽႃႇသႃႇၶေႇ ၶဝ်ယူႇၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးယူႇ သဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼၢႆး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈၸုမ်း သႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Chao Pu-chu, ''Buddhism in China'', pp 4 -7.</ref> လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ်ထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆးယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈ ဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉယူႇ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၶဝ်မေႃ ပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ်သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃး ၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆလႂ်ယူႇ။<ref>Ibid, p 13. </ref> ပေႃးမႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပိုၼ်းၶေႇၶဝ် တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၼႆႉ ဝႃႈ "မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းယၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႈလိၼ်ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ် ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ် ယိပ်းတိုဝ်း ပပ်ႉဝိၼႆၢး ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉတီႈ ၸုမ်းသႃႇဝတ်ႉထိဝႃႇတ/ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼၼ်ႉမႃးၵူၺ်း" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ်၊ သမ်ႉလႆႈႁၼ် ၶဝ်တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉထႅင်ႈဝႃႈ "လွၵ်းလၢႆး ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းပႃႇလိ၊ မႃႇၵထ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်ၶွင်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ၸုမ်းထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၶဝ်ယိပ်းတိုဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မႃးၽႄႈတိူၼ်းဝႆႉ ၼႂ်းပွတ်းတွၼ်ႈ ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ တီႈဢၼ်ၸၢဝ်းၶိူဝ်းတႆးၶဝ် ယူႇသဝ်းဝႆႉ၊ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈ ၶဝ်မေႃပႃႇလိလႄႈ ၶဝ်ဢမ်ႇတၢပ်ႈ ပိၼ်ႇၽႆၢႇတႆးၶဝ်ဝႆႉ။ တၢင်းၶတ်းၸႂ် ဢၼ်ၶဝ်ထိင်းသိမ်းလႆႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢၼ်ၶဝ် သွၼ်ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇပီ ပူၼ်ႉမႃးၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်တီႈႁဝ်း လႆႈယွင်ႈယေႃးၶဝ်မႃးတႄႉတႄႉ" ၼႆၼၼ်ႉလႂ် ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉသေ ဝႃႈလႂ်၊ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ၶေႃႈၵႂၢမ်းၽူႈလူင်ႉ ပိုၼ်း သိူဝ်ႇ ဢလႅၵ်ႉၸၼ်းတႃး ၶၼ်ႇၼိင်ႇၵမ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ဝႃႈလႂ်ၼႆၸိုင် တႄႇဢဝ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉမႃး ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ တိုၼ်းၵိူဝ်းယမ်ဝႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်း ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၶႅၼ်းတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းမႃး လိူဝ်ၵဝ်ႇတႄႉတႄႉ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈသင် ၵူၼ်းတႅမ်ႈ ပပ်ႉၼႆႉၵေႃႈ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်ၶေႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇၸမ်ၵိၼ်ႁိမ်း ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး၊ ႁူႉလွင်ႈတႆးၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်း။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်ယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉ တႆးလႄႈ ၶေႇၵေႃႈ ပေႃးတူၺ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း သမ်ႉပေႃးတိုၵ်းတေႃးၵၼ်ယူႇ တႃႇ သေႇသေ တႃႇတႆးတေၼွမ်းၸူးၶဝ် ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ လႅပ်ႈပဵၼ်လႆႈယၢပ်ႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ် ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ်ဝႃႈထႅင်ႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇပွတ်းၸၢၼ်းၼႆႉ လုၵ်ႉဢဝ်မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇထိုင် ပွတ်းၼႃႈလိၼ်တႆး ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉတႄႉ ဝတ်ႉမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ပႆႇပေႃးမီး။ ၶေႃႈသင်ႇသွၼ် ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၵေႃႈ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ဢဝ်သူပ်းသေ သွၼ်ဢူမ်သူပ်းဝႆႉၵူၺ်း။ ထိုင်မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 11 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈၼႂ်းမိူင်း ပဵၼ်သိုၵ်းပဵၼ်သိူဝ်ႁႅင်းၼႃႇလႄႈ ဢဝ်ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၶိုၼ်းဝွတ်ႈဝွႆးၵႂႃႇဢိတ်းၼိုင်ႈ။ ဝၢႆးသေ သိုၵ်းသိူဝ်ၼႂ်းမိူင်း ယဵၼ်ၵႂႃ ယဝ်ႉၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ငဝ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်ၶိုၼ်းလုၵ်ႉ ဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းထႆး၊ မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈမႃးၼၼ်ႉ ၶိုၼ်းဢဝ်ငဝ်းလႅင်းမၼ်း ႁိူဝ်းလႅင်းမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင် ယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ပတ်ႉတသုတ်ႈပတ်တရသုတ်တ ဢၼ်ဢဝ်လိၵ်းတႆး တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼၼ်ႉ ဢွၵ်ႇမႃး ဝၢႆးသေ ၶူင်ဢွၵ်ႇမႃးလိၵ်ႈတႆး မိူဝ်ႈ 1277 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>www.itourschina.com/Panorama/ southern-Buddhism.htm</ref> ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်းၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈၵေႃႈ လွင်ႈဝႃႈပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၼပ်ႉယမ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းယူႇ။ သႃႇသၼႃႇၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇၼႆၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီထႅင်ႈယူႇ။ သမ်ႉၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၼႂ်းႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇဝႃႈၼႆ။ ပေႃးပဵၼ်ၼၼ် သႃႇသၼႃႇဢၼ်ၼႆႉ တေပဵၼ်လႆႈ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းပျီႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ ၽရူမ်း (Prome) ၼၼ်ႉသေ မႃးယူႇ။ ၵွပ်ႈပိူဝ်ႈဝႃႈ မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ႁိူင်းမႃး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ မွၵ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇၽႅဝ်မႃး မိူင်းပိဝ်ႇ သီႇရိၶဵတ်ႉတရႃႇ ဢၼ်ႁွင်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းပျီႇၼႆႉ ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၶုၼ် ေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 3 ပီႇၸီႇပုၼ်ႉ ၼႆၵေႃႈလႆႈႁၼ်။ ပိူင်ၼိုင်ႈၵေႃႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းသမ်ႉဝႃႈ ပွတ်းဢပရၼ်ႇတၵ ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်တႃႈၵွင်၊ ၵဵင်းႁုင်ႈလႄႈ သၢပ်ႇၼမ်ႉလႅၼ်လိၼ် ၸွမ်းၽင်ႇၼမ်ႉၵဵဝ် မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈပွတ်းၼိူဝ် ၸွမ်းႁိမ်းႁွမ်း မိူင်းပျီႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းပၢၼ်ဢေႇၻီႇ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ် ႁူမ်ႇငမ်းဝႆႉၼႆၵေႃႈ ႁင်းမၼ်းၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ် လႄႈ ၸင်ႇႁၼ်ထိုင်ဝႃႈ သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ဢၼ်လုၵ်ႉဢဝ် မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈသေ ၶဝ်ႈၵႂႃႇထိုင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ပွတ်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူဝ်ႈ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 7 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉ တိုၼ်းလုၵ်ႉဢဝ် မိူင်းပျီႇသေၵႂႃႇၼႆယူႇ။ ၽွင်းယၢမ်းဢေႇၻီႇမိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈယၢမ်းလဵဝ် ဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ႁိူင်းဝႆႉၼႆႉ မိူင်းသထူင်ႇ၊ မိူင်းမွၼ်းၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ ႁိူင်းဝႆႉယူႇ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ မိူင်းသထူင်ႇလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း ဢမ်ႇလႆႈႁၼ်ဝႃႈ ၶဝ်ၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇၵၼ် မိူၼ်မိူင်းပျီႇ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ ႁဝ်းလႆႈႁူႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းၸဝ်ႈဝူင်ႉႁေႃသႅင်လူင် ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇ 12 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်း လိၵ်ႈလႆၢးတႆး မႃးယဝ်ႉ ၼႆၶေႃႈၼိုင်ႈ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉဝႃႈ လိၵ်ႈတႆးႁဝ်း တႄႇမီးမႃး၊ တႄႇၸႂ်ႉတိုဝ်းမႃး မိူဝ်ႈလႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းဝႆႉတွၼ်ႈ ၼိုင်ႈ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ လိၵ်းတႆးႁဝ်းၼႆႉ ဢၼ်ၼႆႉမီးမႃး ၸဝ်ႉသေပိူၼ်ႈ ယဝ်ႉႁႃႉၼႆတႄႉ ပႆႇႁတ်းဝႃႈၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၵွပ်ႈၶေႃႈမုၼ်းမၼ်း ပႆႇသွၵ်ႈ ႁႃႁၼ်လႆႈၸေး။ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် ဢၼ်ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးႁဝ်း တင်ႈဝၢၼ်ႈ တင်ႈမိူင်းမႃး ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ တင်ႈမႃးၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ပီမိူင်းပီႇၸီႇ မိူဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႉၸဝ်ႉပုၼ်ႉ။ ၵွပ်ႈၼၼ် လိၵ်းတႆးႁဝ်းၼႆႉ တိုၵ်ႉမီးမႃး ဢဝ်ပၢၼ်ၼႆႉၵူၺ်းၼႆၼၼ်ႉ ၸင်ႇဢမ်ႇႁတ်းဝႃႈ။ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉသိုပ်ႇဝႃႈ ယၢမ်းမိူဝ်ႈ လုၵ်ႈယိင်းၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ မိူဝ်းၵူပ်ႉၵူႈၵၼ် တင်းၵူၼ်းလူင် မိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ မိူဝ်ႈပီ 1569 ဢေႇၻီႇၼၼ်ႉတႄႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ သူင်ႇမိူဝ်းၵူၼ်း ပိုၼ်ၽႄႈသႃႇသၼႃႇ ထိုင်မိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်းၼၼ်ႉ ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈလႄႈ ပပ်ႉလိၵ်ႈပိတၵၢတ်ႈၵေႃႈ ဢဝ်မိူဝ်းၸွမ်းတင်းၼမ်။ ဝၢႆးၼၼ်ႉ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆးလႄႈ ၵူၼ်းတၢင်ႇၶိူဝ်း ၸင်ႇဢွၼ်ၵၼ် တင်ႈမႃးဝတ်ႉဝႃးသေ ဢွၼ်ၵၼ်ၸွမ်းမႃး လၢႆးၸၢဝ်း ပုတ်ႉထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>www.itourschina.com/Panorama/ southern-Buddhism.htm</ref> ပေႃးတူၺ်းၸွမ်း ၼႂ်းပပ်ႉပိုၼ်း History of Theravada Budddism in South-East Asia ဢၼ်ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ် Kanai Lal Hazra ၼၼ်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းလူင်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၶၢဝ်လူင်ၾႃႉ [Ko Lo Feng] (748-778) ၼၼ်ႉ ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ယင်းႁူမ်ႇငမ်းထိုင်ပႃး မိူင်းပျီႇၽရူမ်း မိူင်းမၢၼ်ႈ ပွတ်းၼိူဝ်၊ ပွတ်းတႂ်ႈ၊ ပွတ်းၵၢင်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉလႂ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ မိူဝ်းၽွင်းၸိူဝ်း ၼၼ်ႉ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈမူတ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Kanai Lal Hazra, ''History of Theravada Budddism in South-East Asia, p.67. Naw Kham La, An Analytical Study of Tai Buddhism'', p.63</ref> ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းၼႄလၵ်းထၢၼ်ဝႃႈ ပၢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈဝူင်ႉႁေႃသႅင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼၼ်ႉလႄႈ ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ၶႃႈဝၢၼ်ႈၵူၼ်းမိူင်း ၼႂ်းမိူင်းလူင်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ် ယၢမ်ႈၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇၸုမ်းလႂ်မႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉယူႇ။ ၼႆႉၵေႃႈ မၼ်းၼႄ လၵ်းထၢၼ်မၼ်ႈမၼ်ႈၵႅၼ်ႇၵႅၼ်ႇဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၶဝ်ၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ဢၼ်ၵိူဝ်းယမ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်း ၼႆၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ ဝၢႆးသေ ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ၶႂၢၼ်လူဝ်သႅင် [Kon Lo Sen] (809-816) သဵင်ၵၢမ်ႇၼွၼ်းၽေးၵႂႃႇ ၼႂ်းပၢၼ်ဢၢမ်းၼတ်ႈ ၸဝ်ႈသႂၢၼ်လူဝ်သႅင် (Shwen Lo Sen) ဢၼ်ပဵၼ်လၢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ၶုၼ်လူးၽူင်း ၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈယင်းလေႃႇ ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ သၢမ်တူၼ် ဢၼ်ၼမ်ႉၼၵ်းမၼ်းမီး 3000 ဢွင်ႇၸ၊ (85.05 ၵီႇလူဝ်ႇ)ၼၼ်ႉ ၼႃႇထၼပ်ႉယမ်ဝႆႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ႁုၼ်ႇႁၢင်ႈပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ ဢဝ်မိူဝ်းတၢၼ်းဝႆႉ တီႈဝတ်ႉမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်းမိူင်းတႃႈလီၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼၼ်ႉ ယင်းတႅမ်ႈမႆၢဝႆႉဝႃႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈတင်းမူတ်း တႃႇသိပ်းသီႇသိုပ်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ် ၶဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႈပဵၼ် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ဢၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႆၢလၢႆၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၸဝ်ႈဝူင်ႉႁေႃၶမ်းလူင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ် ဝၢႆးသေဢႃႇယုၶဝ်ႈၸဝ်ႈ ၵေႇထဝ်ႈမႃးသေ လိုဝ်ႈဝႆႉၼႃႈၵၢၼ် ပွင်ဝၢၼ်ႈပွင်မိူင်းၶဝ်ယဝ်ႉၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ဢွၼ်ၵၼ် ၶဝ်ႈဝႆၽႃႈလိူင် ၼႂ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇသေ ႁဵတ်းမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈမုၼ်ၸၢင်းၵၼ် ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ်ၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>''The Tai and The Tai Kingdoms'', pp.79-80. Naw Kham La, ''An Analytical Study of Tai Buddhism'', p.67.</ref> ပေႃးသမ်ႉမႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ်ထႅင်ႈ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းၼႆႉၵေႃႈ လွင်ႈဝႃႈ မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼႆႉ ၶဝ်ယၢမ်ႈၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇဢၼ်လႂ်ၼႆၼၼ်ႉ တိုၼ်းတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီဝႆႉတႄႉတႄႉ။ ၼႂ်းၼၼ်ႉ ဝႃႈဝႆႉဝႃႈ "ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈတင်းမူတ်း တႃႇသိပ်းသီႇသိုပ်ႇၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၵမ်ႈၼမ်ၼမ် ၶဝ်ၸဝ်ႈပဵၼ် ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ဢၼ် ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈလႆၢလၢႆၼႆယဝ်ႉ" ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ယဝ်ႉ။ ပေႃးဝႃႈၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ၼပ်ႉယမ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉၵေႃႈ ၶႃႈဝၢၼ်ႈ ၵူၼ်းမိူင်းၵေႃႈ ႁူႉၵႃႈတေပဵၼ် ၽူႈၼပ်ႉယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆႉၵူၺ်းၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ ၾိင်ႈလေႃးၵ ၵူၼ်းႁိူၼ်းၵူၼ်းယေးၶဝ် ၼႆၵေႃႈ ၼႂ်းႁိူၼ်းၼိုင်ႈလင်ၼႆႉ ပေႃႈမႄႈပဵၼ်ပိူင်လူင်မၼ်း။ ပေႃး ပေႃႈမႄႈဢွၼ်ၼပ်ႉယမ် ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉၵေႃႈ လုၵ်ႈလၢင်းၵႃႈလႆႈပဵၼ် ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉၼၼ်ႉယဝ်ႉ။ လိူင်ႈၼႆႉတႄႉ ႁူဝ်ပၢၵ်ႇမၼ်း တိုၼ်းမီး ပႅတ်ႇသိပ်း။ ဝတ်ႉဝႃးၼိုင်ႈလင်ၵေႃႈ တေႃႈၼၼ်ၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ ပေႃးမုၼ်ၸဝ်ႈလူင်မၼ်း ပဵၼ်သုထမ်ႇမႃႇၵေႃႈ လုၵ်ႈသိတ်ႈ (တပေး) မၼ်း ၵႃႈတေလႆႈပဵၼ် သုထမ်ႇမႃႇယူႇယဝ်ႉ။ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈထႅင်ႈ ဢၼ်ၼိုင်ႈၼၼ်ႉၵေႃႈ ဝႃႈဝႆႉ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇသဝ်း ၼႂ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ၊ ၼႂ်းၸေႈတွၼ်ႈယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇလႄႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉၶိူဝ်းပိဝ်ႇ ဢၼ်ယူႇမိူင်းပျီႇ (ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်း-ၽရူမ်း) ၶဝ် တိုၼ်းမီးလွင်ႈၵပ်းသိုပ်ႇၵၼ် လွင်ႈၸၢဝ်းၵိူဝ်းယမ်။ ဝၢႆးသေ ပၢၼ်ပၵၢၼ်ႇမႃး ပၢၼ်ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢလွင်းၸီႇတူႇ (1112-1167) ၼၼ်ႉ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ၸင်ႇတႄႇၵိူဝ်းယမ်မႃး ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Kheminda (U), ''History of Mongmit'', p.132.</ref> လိူဝ်သေၼၼ်ႉ ၵျွၼ်ႇဢႅတ်ႉၸ် သတရွင်း (John S. Strong) ၵေႃႈဝႃႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ဢၼ်ယူႇၼႂ်းမိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ပိၵ်ႉသမ်ႉၶဝ်ဢဝ်ၸွမ်း လွၵ်းလႆၢးမႁႃႇယႃႇၼၼႆသေတ ပိူင်လူင် မၼ်းတႄႉ ၶဝ်ဢဝ်ၸွမ်း လွၵ်းလႆၢးတၢင်းႁဵတ်းတၢင်းသၢင်ႈ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ဢသေႃးၵ (ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ) ဢၼ်ၶဝ် ၼပ်ႉယမ် ဢၼ်ယၢမ်ႈမႃးႁွတ်ႈ မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ (တႃလီႈ)ၼၼ်ႉ ၵူၺ်းၼႆယဝ်ႉ။ ၶုၼ်ႁေႃၶမ်းၼႆႉ မိူဝ်ႈဢွၼ်တၢင်း တင်းလုၵ်ႈၸႆၢး မၼ်းၸဝ်ႈ 7 ၵေႃႉ ဢိၵ်ႇလူၺ်ႈ ၸဝ်ႈဢရႁၼ်ႇၶဝ် တင်းၼမ်သေ ယၢမ်ႈဝိၼ်မႃး ၼိူဝ်ၵၢင်ႁၢဝ် မႃးထိုင် မိူင်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ ဢမ်ႇၼၼ် မိူင်းတႃလီႈၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>John S. Strong, ''the legend and cult of Upagupta: Sanskrit Buddhism in north India and Southeast Asia'', p. 175. </ref> ပေႃးတူၺ်းထႅင်ႈ လၵ်းထၢၼ်ပိုၼ်း ဢၼ်ၼႆႉထႅင်ႈၵေႃႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး ပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇသွင်ဢၼ် ၶဝ်ဝႆႉဢၼ်လႂ်ပဵၼ်ယႂ်ႇသေ တိုဝ်းၵမ်ယူႇသဝ်းၸွမ်း ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းတႄႉတႄႉယူႇ။ လိူဝ်ၼၼ်ႉ ပေႃးတူၺ်းဢဝ် လၵ်းထၢၼ် ၸိူဝ်းဢၼ်လၢတ်ႈမႃး ပႃႈၼိူဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼၼ်ႉသေဝႃႈ ပီႈၼွင်ႉတႆး မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ ၼႂ်းသႃႇသၼႃႇသွင်ၸုမ်းၼၼ်ႉ ၶဝ်ဝႆႉဢၼ်လႂ်ပဵၼ်ယႂ်ႇ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ မၼ်းတႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းဝႃႈ ၶဝ်ဝႆႉသႃႇသၼႃႇထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈၵူၺ်း ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ တႅၵ်ႇလႅင်းလီယူႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ 450 ၼၼ်ႉ ပပ်ႉထမ်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ 3 ၵွင် မႃးထိုင်မိူင်းတႆးယဝ်ႉဝႃႈၼႆယူႇ။ ၵွပ်ႈၼၼ် ပီတႆးၼႆႉ ၸင်ႇဢဝ်ပီ သႃႇသၼႃႇထွၼ် 450 သေ ပဵၼ်မႃး။ မိူဝ်ႈဢွၼ်တၢင်း တႆးၵိူဝ်းယမ် ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉမႁႃႇယၢၼ်း ဢၼ်လႆႈမႃး တီႈဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး မိူဝ်ႈ 71 ဢေႇၻီႇ။ မိူဝ်ႈပၢၼ်လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ တႆးၵိူဝ်းယမ် "ထၢဝ်ႇ" လႄႈ "မႁႃႇယႃႇၼ"။ ဝၢႆးမႃး ၸပ်းယဵၼ်းတီႈပိဝ်ႇ လႄႈ မွၼ်းသေ ၸင်ႇၵိူဝ်းလီ "ႁိၼယႃႇၼ" မႃးၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Hsen (Khur), ''The Origin and History of Tai''. P 98</ref> {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] j2lrjuvclbb9po3ld7wr26mp9eemfgj 10 450604 1335893 2026-04-26T15:55:02Z Catonif 622571 auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335893 wikitext text/x-wiki {{#invoke:TEI|show}}<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude> kmhsdapwlpj0lczmq86u3yj5nnz2u37 0 450605 1335900 2026-04-26T16:28:45Z Ganjidvd 743383 auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335900 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = Sonetti romagnoli | author = Olindo Guerrini | editor = Zanichelli | year = 1920 | previous = [[Sonetti romagnoli/I’è galantoman|I’è galantoman]] | next = [[Sonetti romagnoli/Diritto al lavoro|Diritto al lavoro]] | section = Preludi }} <pages index="Sonetti Romagnoli.djvu" from=38 to=38/> [[Category:Rumagnôl]] c4p4ff5qa5fnmel2vsxzoxzk341stay 0 450606 1335901 2026-04-26T16:30:20Z Ganjidvd 743383 auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335901 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = Sonetti romagnoli | author = Olindo Guerrini | editor = Zanichelli | year = 1920 | previous = [[Sonetti romagnoli/Davanti a e’ pretor|Davanti a e’ pretor]] | next = [[Sonetti romagnoli/Geografí|Geografí]] | section = Preludi }} <pages index="Sonetti Romagnoli.djvu" from=39 to=39/> [[Category:Rumagnôl]] 3cqf0ro6pdxb2ycplg5is7krfr5ofzu 0 450607 1335902 2026-04-26T16:31:50Z Ganjidvd 743383 auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335902 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = Sonetti romagnoli | author = Olindo Guerrini | editor = Zanichelli | year = 1920 | previous = [[Sonetti romagnoli/Diritto al lavoro|Diritto al lavoro]] | next = [[Sonetti romagnoli/Da la Zabariona|Da la Zabariona]] | section = Preludi }} <pages index="Sonetti Romagnoli.djvu" from=40 to=40/> [[Category:Rumagnôl]] 4skcpwle59q4brfplkb54lxu7air3it 0 450608 1335903 2026-04-26T16:33:47Z Ganjidvd 743383 auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335903 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = Sonetti romagnoli | author = Olindo Guerrini | editor = Zanichelli | year = 1920 | previous = [[Sonetti romagnoli/Geografí|Geografí]] | next = [[Sonetti romagnoli/Introibo|Introibo]] | section = Preludi }} <pages index="Sonetti Romagnoli.djvu" from=45 to=49/> [[Category:Rumagnôl]] jvju8u5mjhrm9lxsgm9tozqkfqil28s 0 450609 1335905 2026-04-26T16:49:39Z Ganjidvd 743383 auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335905 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = É vangëli ṡgönd s. Matí | author = Antonio Morri | editor = Impensis Ludovici Luciani Bonaparte | year = 1864 | previous = [[É vangëli ṡgönd s. Matí/Cap. I|Cap. I]] | next = [[É vangëli ṡgönd s. Matí/Cap. III|Cap. III]] }} <pages index="É-vangëli-ṡgönd-s.-Matí.djvu" from=18 to=21 fromsection=c2 tosection=c2/> [[Category:Rumagnôl]] ckuy4yr5ly1oqupa95tofbdru1jhuuw 0 450610 1335908 2026-04-26T18:01:21Z Cwrwgl 937938 auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335908 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = [[../]] | author = Duncan MacInnes | translator = | section = Sea-Fishing—Iasgach air a' Mhuir | previous = {{x-smaller|[[Conversations in Gaelic and English/Farming—Tuathanachas|Farming — Tuathanachas]]}} | next = {{x-smaller|[[Conversations in Gaelic and English/The Morning—A' Mhaduinn|The Morning—A' Mhaduinn]]}} | notes = }} {| width="100%" cellspacing="10" |- | width="50%" valign="top" | {{c|IASGACH AIR A'MHUIR.}} | {{c|SEA-FISHING}} |- | An robh sibh ag iasgach an raoir? | Were you fishing last night? |- | Bha. | We were. |- | C' àit an robh sibh? | Where were you? |- | Bha sinn aig a' Charraig. | We were at the Carraig. |- | An robh gabhail mhath air an iasg? | Were the fish taking well? |- | Is ainmic a chunnaic mi na 's fheàrr. | I have seldom seen them taking better. |- | Cia meud a ghlac sibh? | How many did you catch? |- | Còig ceud. | Five hundred. |- | Cha robh sibh 'n 'ur tàmh. | You were not idle. |- | Bha sinn tacan 'g an toirt a stigh cho luath 's a b'urrainn sinn. | We were for a while taking them in as fast as we could. |- | Cia meud a bh' ann dibh? | How many were there of you? |- | Ceathrar. | Four. |- | Bha triùir ag iasgach is aon a' fannadh, nach robh? | There were three fishing, and one rowing slowly, were there not? |- | Tha sibh ceart. | You are right. |- | Co dhiùbh is è piocach no sgadan a bha sibh a' faotainn? | Whether was it saithe or herring that you were catching? |- | Sgadan. | Herring. |- | An robh iad a' cluich air uachdar an uisge? | Were they playing on the surface of the water? |- | 'S iad a bha: bha 'n fhairge mar gu'm b'ann air ghoil le 'n cluich. | That they were: the sea was as it were boiling with their playing. |- | Co dhiùbh is iad na slatan no 'n lìon a bh' agaibh? | Whether was it the rods or the net that you had? |- | Na slatan: cha robh an lìon deas againn. | The rods: we had not the net ready. |- | 'D é 'n seòrsa maghair a bh' agaibh? | What sort of bait had you? |- | 'S è cuileag de dh'ite na faoilinn a bh' againn. | It was a fly of the gull's feather that we had. |- | Cia meud cuileag is àbhaist a bhi air gach slait? | How many flies is it usual to have on each rod? |- | A dhà mar is bidheanta. | Two generally. |- | An sibh-fhéin a bhios a' stalcadh nan dubhan? | Do you dress the hooks yourselves? |- | 'S sinn. | We do. |- | Am faca sibh muca-mara? | Did you see whales? |- | Bha té mhòr 'n ar cuideachd fad an fheasgair. | A large one kept us company all the evening. |- | 'D é 'mheudachd a bh' innte? | What was its size? |- | Tha mi cinnteach gu'n robh i dà fhichead troidh air fad. | I am sure that it was forty feet long. |- | An robh i dlùth dhuibh? | Was it near you? |- | Bha i aon uair cho dlùth 's gu'm faodamaid leum air a druim. | It was once so near that we could leap on its back. |- | Is math nach robh Iain eutrom is Annag an dannsaidh còmhla ruibh. | It is well that light-headed John and dancing Annie were not with you. |- | Carson? | Why? |- | Mu 'n abradh tu seachd bhiodh iad a mach a dhannsadh oirre. | Before you could say seven they would be out to dance on it. |- | Tog de d' sgeig, 'Fhionnlaidh ghéir. | Give over your off-taking, sharp Finlay. |- | 'N è sgeig a thubhairt thu? Bi taingeil nach d' éirich na 's miosa. | Is it off-taking that you said? Be thankful that worse did not happen. |- | Ciamar sin? | How that? |- | Nach 'eil thu taingeil nach do smùid i 's an athar thu, agus nach do shluig i thu 'n déidh sin? | Are you not thankful that it did not dash you into the air, and swallow you afterwards? |- | Cha 'n 'eil math a bhi bruidhinn riut-sa. | There is no use in talking to you. |- | Cha 'n 'eil. | There is not. |- | C'uin a dh' fhàg sibh thall? | When did you leave the other side? |- | Mu naoi uairean an raoir. | About nine o'clock last night. |- | Am b' fheudar dhuibh iomram dhachaidh? | Had you to row home? |- | Cha b' fheudar; dh' éirich a' ghaoth 's chuir sinn na siùil ris a' bhàta. | We had not; the wind rose, and we set the sails to the boat. |- | Bha sgairt mhath 'ghaoithe againn-ne mu dheich uairean. | We had a smart breeze of wind about ten o'clock. |- | Cha b' ann na b' fhèathala 'bha è againn-ne mach. | It was not calmer with us outside. |- | An robh dad de dh' fhairge agaibh? | Had you anything of a sea? |- | Bha i 'n a meallaibh mu 'n d' ràinig sinn Cearara, | It ran high before we reached Kerrera. |- | Co 'bh' air an stiùir? | Who was at the helm? |- | Bha Iain Dheòrsa. | John (son) of George. |- | Cha 'n amadan am fear a stiùras bàta gu tèaruinte ri sid ghairbh. | The man that steers a boat safely in rough weather is not a fool. |- | Fàilt oirbh! a dhaoin' uaisle. | Hail to you, gentlemen. |- | An robh sibh ag iasgach? | Were you fishing? |- | Tha sinn dìreach air tilleadh uaithe. | We have just returned from it. |- | Tha mi 'n dòchas gu'n do shoirbhich leibh. | I hope that you have been successful. |- | Fhuair sinn fichead cudainn agus deich bodaich-ruadha. | We got twenty cuddies and ten codlings. |- | 'S math a fhuaras sibh. | You have done well. |- | An d' fheuch sibh riamh iasgach bhàrr nan creag? | Have you ever tried to fish off the rocks? |- | Cha d' fheuch. | We have not. |- | 'S iomadh làn mùrlaig a fhuair mise air an dòigh sin. | Many a basketful have I got in that way. |- | Ciamar a théid sinn m' a dhéibhinn? | How shall we set about it? |- | Cha'n 'eil agaibh ach àite freagarrach fhaotainn agus an driamlach a thilgeil. | You have only to find a suitable place and cast the line. |- | 'S ann a dh' fheumas sinn 'fheuch-ainn feasgar éigin. | We must try it some evening. |- | Tha mi 'cluinntinn gu bheil sibh teòm' air iomram. | I hear that you are expert at rowing. |- | Tha sinn 'g a chleachdadh. | We practise it. |- | C' àite, ma 's è 'ur toil è? | Where, if you please? |- | Air an abhuinn làimh ris an Oil-thigh. | On the river near the College. |- | Puf! lub thunnag. | Pu! a duck dub. |- | Na 'm faiceadh tu sinn ri farpuis le 'r bàtaichean, agus na mìlteau sluaigh ag amhare oirnn, cha bhiodh tu 'fochaid oirnn. | If you saw us competing with our boats, while thousands of people looked on, you would not mock us. |- | Mo bheannachd oirbh! Cuiribh na ràimh, an tobhta, agus an taoman ann an àite tèaruinte. | My blessing upon you. Put the oars, the rowing bench, and the baler in a safe place. |- | Slàn leibh air an àm. | Farewell for the present. |} [[Category:Gàidhlig]] [[Category:Languages|gd]] an9h5jlfmmwvo26386x0shtm0dft8jk 0 450611 1335910 2026-04-26T18:12:41Z Cwrwgl 937938 auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335910 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = [[../]] | author = Duncan MacInnes | translator = | section = Gaelic Pronunciation | previous = {{x-smaller|[[Conversations in Gaelic and English/Introduction by Professor Blackie|Introduction by Professor Blackie]]}} | next = {{x-smaller|[[Conversations in Gaelic and English/The Storm—An Doinionn|The Storm—An Doinionn]]}} | notes = }} <pages index="Conversations in Gaelic and English.djvu" from=15 to=18 /> n8q4opjgql84cf98hzoxc3f0mczeik5 106 450612 1335915 2026-04-26T22:33:24Z SZC 03 621129 auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335915 proofread-index text/x-wiki {{:MediaWiki:Proofreadpage_index_template |Title=Annalas da la Societad Retorumantscha |Language=rm |Author=Societad Retorumantscha |Translator= |Editor= |Year=1888 |Publisher=Frars Casanova |Address=Cuera |Key= |Source= |Image=1 |Progress=C |Volumes= |Pages=<pagelist 1to10=– 11=3 381to382=–/> |Remarks= |Header= |Footer= |Width= |Css= }} n69o7mfa35wsk4nypvyvy36se3cdywz 1335920 1335915 2026-04-26T22:38:03Z SZC 03 621129 1335920 proofread-index text/x-wiki {{:MediaWiki:Proofreadpage_index_template |Title=Annalas da la Societad Retorumantscha |Language=rm |Author=Societad Retorumantscha |Translator= |Editor= |Year=1888 |Publisher=Frars Casanova |Address=Cuera |Key= |Source= |Image=1 |Progress=C |Volumes= |Pages=<pagelist 1to10=– 11=3 381to382=–/> |Remarks= |Header={{c|—&emsp;number&emsp;—}} |Footer= |Width= |Css= }} m0oegf8m5hybj3njrgv2vfxaaoejbwn 1335932 1335920 2026-04-26T22:53:38Z SZC 03 621129 1335932 proofread-index text/x-wiki {{:MediaWiki:Proofreadpage_index_template |Title=Annalas da la Societad Retorumantscha |Language=rm |Author=Societad Retorumantscha |Translator= |Editor= |Year=1888 |Publisher=Frars Casanova |Address=Cuera |Key= |Source= |Image=1 |Progress=C |Volumes= |Pages=<pagelist 1to10=– 11=3 381to382=–/> |Remarks= |Header={{c|—&emsp;number&emsp;—}} |Footer= |Width= |Css= }} [[Category:Rumantsch (rm)]] 0fuogsqwep8fyib1terwz7aizhd27k4 1335935 1335932 2026-04-26T22:57:07Z SZC 03 621129 1335935 proofread-index text/x-wiki {{:MediaWiki:Proofreadpage_index_template |Title=Annalas da la Societad Retorumantscha |Language=rm |Author=Societad Retorumantscha |Translator= |Editor= |Year=1888 |Publisher=Frars Casanova |Address=Cuera |Key= |Source= |Image=1 |Progress=C |Volumes= |Pages=<pagelist 1to10=– 11=3 381to382=–/> |Remarks= |Header={{c|—&emsp;number&emsp;—}} |Footer= |Width= |Css= }} [[Category:Rumantsch]] f5nlvyuw27iml718k5gdzhw0ubbmjte 104 450613 1335916 2026-04-26T22:35:53Z SZC 03 621129 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335916 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="SZC 03" /></noinclude>{{c|Canzuns dil cont popular renan}} La sequenta modesla collecziun conlegn in diember de canzuns romonschas. las qualas dominavan cun eunc autras il cont popular de noss vegls ed ein per part tscheti c leu euiic adina en quors. Igl ei de qtiellas canzuns profanas, che vegnevan cantadas en legras compagnias, sin via, a plaz de vitg ed en l’ ustria e remplazavan il patterlem selvadi, il tup jass u rams ed ils trests pettischems discus de nossa giuventctgna moderna. Quei cont ei adina staus ina fontauna din bien spert denter nies pievel. La mira dc questa publicaziun ci quella dc, sche pusseivel, puspei recuvrar il veritabel cout popular. Igl ei negin dubi, che las canzuns artifizialas motlernas dils chors virils e mixls etc. davenlan cun paucas excepziuns mai veramein popularas, per part ord raschun de lur composiziun mcmia difficila, per part jierquei ch' il conlegn de quellas ei mcmia jasters u din caracter gieneral, scnza guicrv c pauc capeivel, schegie formalmein senza macla. tl cont popular vul in miedi simpel e mclodius. ina viarva concrcta e correspondenta allas relaziuns. Quei caracter possedan nossas canzuns e perquei ein ellas stadas popularas e san quei pusjiei daventar, malgrad lur per part defecta fuorma. Sche mo nics pievel enlschciva ptispei a cantar, lu emporta ei pauc, ch'cl conli encitgei classic ni encitgei meins classic; la valur dil cont schai insiiniina en quei, che la giuventetgna vegni dischcntamein diverlida c tras qucst idcal divcrtiment sviluppada. Las canziins publicadas aj)j>arteg*naii per part veramein alla classa de canzuns popularas dil senn gieueral (Tolkslieder), per parl<noinclude></noinclude> qvbqn0ur5k1s63fgn1mtmueckcruqyu 104 450614 1335917 2026-04-26T22:36:26Z SZC 03 621129 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335917 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="SZC 03" /></noinclude>ein ellas products della poesia artifiziala (Kunstpoesie), poesias de bein enconoscbents poets. fgl ei dentcr en niedeinamein producls originals ed èra mo traducziuns. Jeu hai cn quci grau risguardau mo la j.ropagaziiin c la circumstanzia, cbc la canzun scigi cnsacu vegnida cantada. Las cnipremas fO canzuns derivan dina collecziun dc Chr. Mirer de Sursaissa ttiil., compartgida ami tras Sigr. President e Scolast Mirer. La collccziun ei fatga alt'entschatta dc qiiesl tschentaner avon 1815. Las suondontas 6 canzuiis derivan dina collecziun. che Signur Otto Capaul de Luinbrein ha compartgiu aini. il rcst ord divcrs manuscripts per part en iniu propi |>ossess. per part orti nossa biblioteca cantonala. La pli reha collecziun de cauzuus popularas posseda senza dubi nies meriteivel promotur de nossa literatura romonscha. Signur Dr. Caspar Decurtins, Cusscglier nazional. El vegn cun temps e peda a publicar siu material e l'ranc buca mo en gasetlas jasters, mo en in cudischet per nus. Denton secoufentel jeu per iua gada, tle l'ar attenls en nossas annalas ils anialurs dil cont popular sin las seqtientas cauzuns e de supjilicar els, de I'ar diever dc quellas e de colleclar denler ils niats ed umeiis vegls uiev material. A riguard I'ortografia hai jcu applicau la motlerna. cssenl las canzuns collcctadas pcr nus e bucca per las sabientschas cslras, las qualas, eonsideront iua biala giuvna de nossas monlognas, reslan indifferenlas visavi a sias bcllezias, nio s' inleresscschau snneivel, sch'clla ha dariet leulagiens: quci ci, plidau senza semeglia. sche la canzttn ha dariet originalilals orlogralieas, dallas qualas cls fan lu la faulsa supposiziun, ch' ellas seigien origiualitats dil Iimgalg, defertout ch'ellas eiu mo subjectivilats. Quels vocals e consonants deiiton. che lbrineschan veramcin in speziat caracter de quest lungatg, ein conservai.<noinclude></noinclude> 7ws7hdi30vpr60ri5mc35e3xl4s0ugp 1335918 1335917 2026-04-26T22:36:55Z SZC 03 621129 1335918 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="SZC 03" />{{c|– 270 –}}</noinclude>ein ellas products della poesia artifiziala (Kunstpoesie), poesias de bein enconoscbents poets. fgl ei dentcr en niedeinamein producls originals ed èra mo traducziuns. Jeu hai cn quci grau risguardau mo la j.ropagaziiin c la circumstanzia, cbc la canzun scigi cnsacu vegnida cantada. Las cnipremas fO canzuns derivan dina collecziun dc Chr. Mirer de Sursaissa ttiil., compartgida ami tras Sigr. President e Scolast Mirer. La collccziun ei fatga alt'entschatta dc qiiesl tschentaner avon 1815. Las suondontas 6 canzuiis derivan dina collecziun. che Signur Otto Capaul de Luinbrein ha compartgiu aini. il rcst ord divcrs manuscripts per part en iniu propi |>ossess. per part orti nossa biblioteca cantonala. La pli reha collecziun de cauzuus popularas posseda senza dubi nies meriteivel promotur de nossa literatura romonscha. Signur Dr. Caspar Decurtins, Cusscglier nazional. El vegn cun temps e peda a publicar siu material e l'ranc buca mo en gasetlas jasters, mo en in cudischet per nus. Denton secoufentel jeu per iua gada, tle l'ar attenls en nossas annalas ils anialurs dil cont popular sin las seqtientas cauzuns e de supjilicar els, de I'ar diever dc quellas e de colleclar denler ils niats ed umeiis vegls uiev material. A riguard I'ortografia hai jcu applicau la motlerna. cssenl las canzuns collcctadas pcr nus e bucca per las sabientschas cslras, las qualas, eonsideront iua biala giuvna de nossas monlognas, reslan indifferenlas visavi a sias bcllezias, nio s' inleresscschau snneivel, sch'clla ha dariet leulagiens: quci ci, plidau senza semeglia. sche la canzttn ha dariet originalilals orlogralieas, dallas qualas cls fan lu la faulsa supposiziun, ch' ellas seigien origiualitats dil Iimgalg, defertout ch'ellas eiu mo subjectivilats. Quels vocals e consonants deiiton. che lbrineschan veramcin in speziat caracter de quest lungatg, ein conservai.<noinclude></noinclude> 24p5uozlz1qaaq0bgwu446rtwzzxfll 1335919 1335918 2026-04-26T22:37:39Z SZC 03 621129 1335919 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="SZC 03" />{{c|—&emsp;270&emsp;—}}</noinclude>ein ellas products della poesia artifiziala (Kunstpoesie), poesias de bein enconoscbents poets. fgl ei dentcr en niedeinamein producls originals ed èra mo traducziuns. Jeu hai cn quci grau risguardau mo la j.ropagaziiin c la circumstanzia, cbc la canzun scigi cnsacu vegnida cantada. Las cnipremas fO canzuns derivan dina collecziun dc Chr. Mirer de Sursaissa ttiil., compartgida ami tras Sigr. President e Scolast Mirer. La collccziun ei fatga alt'entschatta dc qiiesl tschentaner avon 1815. Las suondontas 6 canzuiis derivan dina collecziun. che Signur Otto Capaul de Luinbrein ha compartgiu aini. il rcst ord divcrs manuscripts per part en iniu propi |>ossess. per part orti nossa biblioteca cantonala. La pli reha collecziun de cauzuus popularas posseda senza dubi nies meriteivel promotur de nossa literatura romonscha. Signur Dr. Caspar Decurtins, Cusscglier nazional. El vegn cun temps e peda a publicar siu material e l'ranc buca mo en gasetlas jasters, mo en in cudischet per nus. Denton secoufentel jeu per iua gada, tle l'ar attenls en nossas annalas ils anialurs dil cont popular sin las seqtientas cauzuns e de supjilicar els, de I'ar diever dc quellas e de colleclar denler ils niats ed umeiis vegls uiev material. A riguard I'ortografia hai jcu applicau la motlerna. cssenl las canzuns collcctadas pcr nus e bucca per las sabientschas cslras, las qualas, eonsideront iua biala giuvna de nossas monlognas, reslan indifferenlas visavi a sias bcllezias, nio s' inleresscschau snneivel, sch'clla ha dariet leulagiens: quci ci, plidau senza semeglia. sche la canzttn ha dariet originalilals orlogralieas, dallas qualas cls fan lu la faulsa supposiziun, ch' ellas seigien origiualitats dil Iimgalg, defertout ch'ellas eiu mo subjectivilats. Quels vocals e consonants deiiton. che lbrineschan veramcin in speziat caracter de quest lungatg, ein conservai.<noinclude></noinclude> 1am1zoxrhp920u4fis0chq1y9rm2wyw 104 450615 1335921 2026-04-26T22:40:33Z SZC 03 621129 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335921 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="SZC 03" />{{c|—&emsp;271&emsp;—}}</noinclude><section begin="poem1"/>{{Center|Animazinn tier il cont.}} {{Center|('Ord la collecziun de Lumnezza.)}} <poem> Curasoha, legers eantadurs! Gl'ei aunc buc uras de dormir, Sei mats ne giuvnas, òra purs Lein euuc sedivertir! Tgei lein nus bein pigliar a meuns, Che detti vit'e moviment. S'alzeien forsa si dils beuns, I_u dat ei levgiament. Tgci ei per giuvens pli sublim, Che sch' els ensemen san cantar; La sien svanesch'a finadin; Il cor sto selegrar. Il trest cheutras vegn consolaus, Il malenconic tut anetg Sa buc restar pli perturbaus. Pel leger 'sei deletg. Schon beiu marvegl il pign utschi Sesaulza ord siu lêtg, schi lom Ses tuns, schi fins el lai udir Sin plontas e cagliom. Ti seutas bein consolaziun En tuts strapazs o, cantadur! A ti fa bein èr sensaziun La tiba dil pastur. Ei il luvrer, che ei schi zun Savens cun bia lavur cargaus. Sa tras il cont dina canzun Savens vegnir levgiaus. </poem> <section end="poem1"/> <section begin="poem2"/>{{Center|Canzun dils effects dil vin.}} {{Center|('Collecziun Mirer.)}} <poem> Vegni, mes cars! nus lein cantar! Il laud al vin duoivel dar; Essent cli'el ei il pli vengons, Ch' el sei ludaus da pins e gronds. Nu'ei d'anflar iu meglier fretg, U encitgei, che plai pli fetg, Ch'et pli legreivcl a scadin, Ch'il dulsch deletg din bien glas vin. <!----><section end="poem2"/><noinclude><!----></poem></noinclude> f7kbax3qxfmdvtkxwypxfd05rsn3ei0 104 450616 1335922 2026-04-26T22:43:51Z SZC 03 621129 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335922 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="SZC 03" />{{c|—&emsp;272&emsp;—}}</noinclude>Sogn Paul cusseglia a Timoth, De beiber bien vin beindabot, Cheutras puspei recuperar La sanadat, che vul muncar. A biars malseuns la sanadat, Als schuachs puspei Ia possa dat, Las ruttadiras fa'l buglir, Bia plagas migliurent'el si. Als combriai consolaziun, Als tumaletgs resoluziun, Als malenconics bia humor, Als contristai levgi'el sil cor. Bia amicizia ha '1 stiftiau, Las interruttas renovau, Ed ils pli peters inimitgs Midau els pli scaldai amitgs. Il meglier fest pils viandonts Ei guess il guotter buns e grons; De qucl savens ston sesurvir, Sche dat el comba pli a pli. Gl'ei in proverbi per latin, Che segirescha, ch'il bien vin Vus laschi buca simular E fetschi la vardat plidar. Il vin, quel ei il latg dils vegls, Ed èr ils giuvens fa'l far segls. El metta quels en moviment, Grad sco sch' els fussen or da senn. Ils mats han zvar lur buns inschins, De sesgarflar si pils mugrins. Con miervis, muotis ein quels buc. Cur ch' els han fatg empau gluc, gluc! Tgei fa il vin cun las matteuns, Che fussen pli bugien dunneuns? El pren giud tgiau ils lur tschupials, E mett'en det fetg bials annials. Cnn las luschardas 's-ei hanatt, Saver far spass suent'il tgiau, Mo tonaton fa òr il vin, Che quellas saultan cun mintgin. De talas qualas tgei dei dir? Che han schon seit avon miezdi. Bien viii vegn ei discus bubiu Sin sanadat d'il car Mariu. Las pettischieras fan per vin Savens venal: segel, salin, Tschagruus, mignuccas, panazuns, Spinals, andutgels e schambuns. Las cuschanieras han fetg bein Empriu de far zuppabeinbeiu, Cunzun cul vin de quels patruns, Ch'ein schi debein, sco tons narruus. Il vin, quel ei fetg beinvegnius A paders, prers ed èr signurs, A tuts students e musicants, Als inschigniers e fabricants. Gieraus, stattalters e saltèrs, Derar quels beiben per daners, E tonaton han ei'gl inschin De consumar de bia bien vin. Schegie ch' il vin en zun bia graus Per medeschina vegn duvraus, Sche po nagin imaginar Il mal. che quel sa caschunar. Nagina caussa sin quest mund Sa far al vin pli grond affrunt, Che cur ch' in quel vul surduvrar E sia forza mo sprezar. Sch'el vegn zacuras surduvraus, Sch'ei'l sil monient si vilentaus. Ingiurias quei po'l buc surfrir, E sia gretta lai 'l siglir. Leu sesa in ch'el fa dormir, Tseheu dersch' el in culs peis ensi, In auter va seballucont, Sc' in angarscheun ord siu camon. In auter fa 'I turnigels far, Ch'ei glei zun fetg de schmervigliar; Perfin perderts fa'l far tarmagls E bein enduras ortgs zambagls.<noinclude></noinclude> 51svwvsi3f9dj0ruzuqbd2ipvalq7xo 1335923 1335922 2026-04-26T22:44:17Z SZC 03 621129 1335923 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="SZC 03" />{{c|—&emsp;272&emsp;—}} <poem></noinclude><!---->Sogn Paul cusseglia a Timoth, De beiber bien vin beindabot, Cheutras puspei recuperar La sanadat, che vul muncar. A biars malseuns la sanadat, Als schuachs puspei Ia possa dat, Las ruttadiras fa'l buglir, Bia plagas migliurent'el si. Als combriai consolaziun, Als tumaletgs resoluziun, Als malenconics bia humor, Als contristai levgi'el sil cor. Bia amicizia ha '1 stiftiau, Las interruttas renovau, Ed ils pli peters inimitgs Midau els pli scaldai amitgs. Il meglier fest pils viandonts Ei guess il guotter buns e grons; De qucl savens ston sesurvir, Sche dat el comba pli a pli. Gl'ei in proverbi per latin, Che segirescha, ch'il bien vin Vus laschi buca simular E fetschi la vardat plidar. Il vin, quel ei il latg dils vegls, Ed èr ils giuvens fa'l far segls. El metta quels en moviment, Grad sco sch' els fussen or da senn. Ils mats han zvar lur buns inschins, De sesgarflar si pils mugrins. Con miervis, muotis ein quels buc. Cur ch' els han fatg empau gluc, gluc! Tgei fa il vin cun las matteuns, Che fussen pli bugien dunneuns? El pren giud tgiau ils lur tschupials, E mett'en det fetg bials annials. Cnn las luschardas 's-ei hanatt, Saver far spass suent'il tgiau, Mo tonaton fa òr il vin, Che quellas saultan cun mintgin. De talas qualas tgei dei dir? Che han schon seit avon miezdi. Bien viii vegn ei discus bubiu Sin sanadat d'il car Mariu. Las pettischieras fan per vin Savens venal: segel, salin, Tschagruus, mignuccas, panazuns, Spinals, andutgels e schambuns. Las cuschanieras han fetg bein Empriu de far zuppabeinbeiu, Cunzun cul vin de quels patruns, Ch'ein schi debein, sco tons narruus. Il vin, quel ei fetg beinvegnius A paders, prers ed èr signurs, A tuts students e musicants, Als inschigniers e fabricants. Gieraus, stattalters e saltèrs, Derar quels beiben per daners, E tonaton han ei'gl inschin De consumar de bia bien vin. Schegie ch' il vin en zun bia graus Per medeschina vegn duvraus, Sche po nagin imaginar Il mal. che quel sa caschunar. Nagina caussa sin quest mund Sa far al vin pli grond affrunt, Che cur ch' in quel vul surduvrar E sia forza mo sprezar. Sch'el vegn zacuras surduvraus, Sch'ei'l sil monient si vilentaus. Ingiurias quei po'l buc surfrir, E sia gretta lai 'l siglir. Leu sesa in ch'el fa dormir, Tseheu dersch' el in culs peis ensi, In auter va seballucont, Sc' in angarscheun ord siu camon. In auter fa 'I turnigels far, Ch'ei glei zun fetg de schmervigliar; Perfin perderts fa'l far tarmagls E bein enduras ortgs zambagls. <!----><noinclude></poem></noinclude> nbyiqgfv6ipgf5g4pex6g9hxrgeyyo8 104 450617 1335924 2026-04-26T22:45:41Z SZC 03 621129 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335924 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="SZC 03" />{{c|—&emsp;273&emsp;—}} <poem></noinclude><!---->Schegie che Noê ha anflau Quei niebcl fretg e cultivau, Sche sto'l'gl einprem expermentar, Ch'el laschi buca surduvrar. Dil meglier vin havev' el giu. E senza mied da quel bubiu, Perquei ei lu il pauper vegl Vegnius sgomiaus d' in agien fegl. 'Gl cmprem 'sci stau castitg divin Dasperas aber èr' il vin, Che ha scbi stagn quel donnentau, Chc Giudit po tigliar giu'l tgiau. Dil Loth las feglias ston duvrar Il vin, pil bien bab cuglienar, Il qual 'las vessen mai pudiu, Sch'el buc ton vin havess bubiu. L' ha endridau tier il puccau, Ils innozents ha'l surmanau, E biars han giu la tresta sort, De beibcr en cun el la mort. Sch' il viu entscheiva a scaldar U dil pli bein electrisar, Lu las dispettas meuncan buc, Tier sepitgems vegn ei silzuc. Tgei fa 'gl ustior cun semiglionts A quels sa el schon trer ils pons, Ei vegn mesiras si purtau E ruogs, butteglias or svidau. Cun quels eis ei lu bi quintar, Sei bien marcau u 'seigi car, Ad els emport' ei pauc u nuot, De agl ustier stuer dar tut. Ils buns amitgs ein ussa cheu' Fan printgas vi, fan printgas neu; Mo tonaton buc schi de stuorn, Sco cur che Venus ei dentuorn. Avunda han els uss derschiu, Ils lur butritgs bcin empleniu, Bia malnizeivel consumau E grevamein lur Diu stridau. Els han treis buordis uss cargau: Il strof divin cun far puccau, La sanadat zun lavagau, Ed ils lur deivets augmentau. Mirei, mes cars, e reflectei! Tgei gronda letga che quei ei: Duvrar cun mied vegn nus gidar, Il surduvrar nus condcmnar. Sche seigien pia finadin, Sinzers amitgs din bien glas vin. Jcu ditg: Buei savens cun mied, Sche dat ol poss'e grond confiert. Encuntercomi dci'n adatg, Ch'ei vegni mai cul vin surfatg! Schiglioc tileis sur vus la mort Sur tgierp ed olm', ah, tresta sort! </poem> '''Remarca.''' Ina semiglionta canzun ei gia stada publicada avon onzaconts onns cn il calender romontsch.<noinclude></noinclude> pi2yv2b0pli0e45o3m2xupq5zzht2ik 104 450618 1335925 2026-04-26T22:47:17Z SZC 03 621129 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335925 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="SZC 03" />{{c|—&emsp;number&emsp;—}}</noinclude>Canzun de spass. (Sin in Tscheiver <poem> Viv' il Tscheiver! viva nus, Tuts ensemcn serimnai! Viva tuts nos sunadurs. Ch' ein decormein intonai! Las matteuns dc Vitg, la Flur De tut Muster ein ellas. Ah! tgei plischer e tgei honur, Sedevertir cun quellas! — Siat iustruments. ils i>li vengons. La compagnia' ha provediu, E leu nus tuts, pins e grons. Veiu legramein sedivertiu. Ah! tgei plischer e tgei hontir, Per las matteuns e mats tle Vitg! Gie mai eis ei stati en Mustòr Tal' harmonia pli de ditg. Gie, mai nagin havess spetgau, De far leger aschi zun. De haver schibein combinau Pcr ils de lunsch cunzun. La clav en sac ha pauc gidau, Ded impedir nossa lcgria. In cert bien um ha nus gidau Cun far' la curtcsia. </poem> {{c|Canzun nova della faulzadat mundana}} <poem> Tgei trest maletg cis ti, o Mund! Sch' in bein pertratga cun il frunt. Tuts cun carezia prendas si. Quels che surveschan si a ti. Ah! tgei grond dieniber do survients. Che han en tei grond spass e tcmps! Ed ein do di e notg cun toi E laien Dieus tut de persei. Ent' ils plisohors e legermonts Se glorieschan culs tschunc sonns. Tnt auter bien vegn tralaschau; Carezia han ei bandischau. Christgiouns din earezeivel cor Cun buca plcina rian or. En tiaras, vitgs, entirs marcaus Ei ni carezia, ni ruaus. In bion christgieun, o v6 a ti! Tgei gomias stos ti uss utlir! Tia honur e tiu bicn num, Vegn oz il di pil mund entuorn. Da tes amitgs zun searvunaus, D' ils inimitgs culs peis schniaccaus. Ni pin ni gron vegn uss pli sehaus Cun pugn d' honur en siu ruaus. </poem><noinclude></noinclude> qp9xfe5b7l8h70ol44ecfvp9xssvzp1 1335926 1335925 2026-04-26T22:47:34Z SZC 03 621129 1335926 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="SZC 03" />{{c|—&emsp;number&emsp;—}}</noinclude>Canzun de spass. (Sin in Tscheiver <poem> Viv' il Tscheiver! viva nus, Tuts ensemcn serimnai! Viva tuts nos sunadurs. Ch' ein decormein intonai! Las matteuns dc Vitg, la Flur De tut Muster ein ellas. Ah! tgei plischer e tgei honur, Sedevertir cun quellas! — Siat iustruments. ils i>li vengons. La compagnia' ha provediu, E leu nus tuts, pins e grons. Veiu legramein sedivertiu. Ah! tgei plischer e tgei hontir, Per las matteuns e mats tle Vitg! Gie mai eis ei stati en Mustòr Tal' harmonia pli de ditg. Gie, mai nagin havess spetgau, De far leger aschi zun. De haver schibein combinau Pcr ils de lunsch cunzun. La clav en sac ha pauc gidau, Ded impedir nossa lcgria. In cert bien um ha nus gidau Cun far' la curtcsia. </poem> {{c|Canzun nova della faulzadat mundana}} <poem> Tgei trest maletg cis ti, o Mund! Sch' in bein pertratga cun il frunt. Tuts cun carezia prendas si. Quels che surveschan si a ti. Ah! tgei grond dieniber do survients. Che han en tei grond spass e tcmps! Ed ein do di e notg cun toi E laien Dieus tut de persei. Ent' ils plisohors e legermonts Se glorieschan culs tschunc sonns. Tnt auter bien vegn tralaschau; Carezia han ei bandischau. Christgiouns din earezeivel cor Cun buca plcina rian or. En tiaras, vitgs, entirs marcaus Ei ni carezia, ni ruaus. In bion christgieun, o v6 a ti! Tgei gomias stos ti uss utlir! Tia honur e tiu bicn num, Vegn oz il di pil mund entuorn. Da tes amitgs zun searvunaus, D' ils inimitgs culs peis schniaccaus. Ni pin ni gron vegn uss pli sehaus Cun pugn d' honur en siu ruaus. </poem><noinclude></noinclude> hx3vqaxo4tqh05u1h36gljfjauesk3t 1335927 1335926 2026-04-26T22:48:04Z SZC 03 621129 1335927 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="SZC 03" />{{c|—&emsp;number&emsp;—}}</noinclude><section begin="poem3"/>Canzun de spass. (Sin in Tscheiver <poem> Viv' il Tscheiver! viva nus, Tuts ensemcn serimnai! Viva tuts nos sunadurs. Ch' ein decormein intonai! Las matteuns dc Vitg, la Flur De tut Muster ein ellas. Ah! tgei plischer e tgei honur, Sedevertir cun quellas! — Siat iustruments. ils i>li vengons. La compagnia' ha provediu, E leu nus tuts, pins e grons. Veiu legramein sedivertiu. Ah! tgei plischer e tgei hontir, Per las matteuns e mats tle Vitg! Gie mai eis ei stati en Mustòr Tal' harmonia pli de ditg. Gie, mai nagin havess spetgau, De far leger aschi zun. De haver schibein combinau Pcr ils de lunsch cunzun. La clav en sac ha pauc gidau, Ded impedir nossa lcgria. In cert bien um ha nus gidau Cun far' la curtcsia. </poem> <section end="poem3"/> <section begin="poem4"/>{{c|Canzun nova della faulzadat mundana}} <poem> Tgei trest maletg cis ti, o Mund! Sch' in bein pertratga cun il frunt. Tuts cun carezia prendas si. Quels che surveschan si a ti. Ah! tgei grond dieniber do survients. Che han en tei grond spass e tcmps! Ed ein do di e notg cun toi E laien Dieus tut de persei. Ent' ils plisohors e legermonts Se glorieschan culs tschunc sonns. Tnt auter bien vegn tralaschau; Carezia han ei bandischau. Christgiouns din earezeivel cor Cun buca plcina rian or. En tiaras, vitgs, entirs marcaus Ei ni carezia, ni ruaus. In bion christgieun, o v6 a ti! Tgei gomias stos ti uss utlir! Tia honur e tiu bicn num, Vegn oz il di pil mund entuorn. Da tes amitgs zun searvunaus, D' ils inimitgs culs peis schniaccaus. Ni pin ni gron vegn uss pli sehaus Cun pugn d' honur en siu ruaus. </poem> <section end="poem4"/><noinclude></noinclude> 7joh1a1c1jpxs0wo69iovotab17o10o 1335928 1335927 2026-04-26T22:48:13Z SZC 03 621129 1335928 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="SZC 03" />{{c|—&emsp;274&emsp;—}}</noinclude><section begin="poem3"/>Canzun de spass. (Sin in Tscheiver <poem> Viv' il Tscheiver! viva nus, Tuts ensemcn serimnai! Viva tuts nos sunadurs. Ch' ein decormein intonai! Las matteuns dc Vitg, la Flur De tut Muster ein ellas. Ah! tgei plischer e tgei honur, Sedevertir cun quellas! — Siat iustruments. ils i>li vengons. La compagnia' ha provediu, E leu nus tuts, pins e grons. Veiu legramein sedivertiu. Ah! tgei plischer e tgei hontir, Per las matteuns e mats tle Vitg! Gie mai eis ei stati en Mustòr Tal' harmonia pli de ditg. Gie, mai nagin havess spetgau, De far leger aschi zun. De haver schibein combinau Pcr ils de lunsch cunzun. La clav en sac ha pauc gidau, Ded impedir nossa lcgria. In cert bien um ha nus gidau Cun far' la curtcsia. </poem> <section end="poem3"/> <section begin="poem4"/>{{c|Canzun nova della faulzadat mundana}} <poem> Tgei trest maletg cis ti, o Mund! Sch' in bein pertratga cun il frunt. Tuts cun carezia prendas si. Quels che surveschan si a ti. Ah! tgei grond dieniber do survients. Che han en tei grond spass e tcmps! Ed ein do di e notg cun toi E laien Dieus tut de persei. Ent' ils plisohors e legermonts Se glorieschan culs tschunc sonns. Tnt auter bien vegn tralaschau; Carezia han ei bandischau. Christgiouns din earezeivel cor Cun buca plcina rian or. En tiaras, vitgs, entirs marcaus Ei ni carezia, ni ruaus. In bion christgieun, o v6 a ti! Tgei gomias stos ti uss utlir! Tia honur e tiu bicn num, Vegn oz il di pil mund entuorn. Da tes amitgs zun searvunaus, D' ils inimitgs culs peis schniaccaus. Ni pin ni gron vegn uss pli sehaus Cun pugn d' honur en siu ruaus. </poem> <section end="poem4"/><noinclude></noinclude> pbf1n0wjiyyzodmqmit4t34w8oc90eb 104 450619 1335929 2026-04-26T22:50:00Z SZC 03 621129 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335929 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="SZC 03" />{{c|—&emsp;275&emsp;—}}</noinclude><section begin="poem4"/><poem> Sch' ei vesen in bien religius, Sch' ei quel tleschâ in scrupulus. Prers o signurs, ch' ein liberals Vegnan teni pcr tscharlatans. Carezia e sinzeradat Han ei brattau per faulzadat. Puder il proxim scurvanar, Quei quentan els vertits plantar. Errurs zuppadas publicar In bien student din leger spert, Ei il pli bien, ch' els quettan far. Quel ei sclton uss' in prer porvcrs. Bia buns e dcvozius christgeuns Vegnan teni per schliats pageuns. A tuts christgeuns din bion humor Din ei si mintga di il bor. Ni Pin ni Gron oi pli sigirs, Ch' el vegni lagutius entirs. Quels gronds amitgs dil mund eis ei, Che salvan ni vardat. ni fei. Lur cors ein plcins de faulzadat, Ils sentiments malignadat. Dador han ei strihau cun mèl, Dadens cun il pli peter fèl. Quoi, che cls 07 datan sin meun, Vegu buc salvau tochen danteun. Als paupers puder sura trer, Quei fa ad' els pli gron plischer. La lur pli gronda ptetat Ei hip (hass), scuidonza, nauschadat. Con ditg pos bein eunc tier mirar, Ti, 0, Signur! schar surduvrar Tia buontat tes schliats affonts, Che vivan, sco ils grons puceonts. Segir vegns ti tals ad anflar, Els ton pli scliarfamcin strufiar. Ah, Dieus! tei vi jeu eunc rugar, Che ti niei veglies conscrvar, Tals inimitgs da mei dustar, II sogn ruaus ami schenghiar. </poem> <section end="poem4"/> <section begin="poem5"/>{{c|Cansun digl atnn.}} {{c|(La matta plaida.)}} <poem> Quei niebol temps d' attiti. Vegn ussa prest vegnir neutior. Lu vegnan mats da quolm, Legers students leutier. Entuorn la notg quols van a gront: Juhò! Juhè! Por quei quort tomps sto' ins scbar plischer Las Iomas dils chilgiers. </poem><section end="poem5"/><noinclude>{{right|18*}}</noinclude> nh7il0z5upc4c7l0xwdovm79du2u6oh 104 450620 1335930 2026-04-26T22:51:43Z SZC 03 621129 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335930 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="SZC 03" />{{c|—&emsp;276&emsp;—}}</noinclude><section begin="poem5"/><poem> Per quels leger far star, Ch' ei visettien mei savens, Perdun complein vi dar, Agit per mal dils dents. Lu vegnan oi a suspirar: Miau! Miau! Alla caplutta sper la porta Orar tut do murtirau. Prest vegn jeu envidar, Schi prest sco '1 bab ei carmalaus. Tuts fatg ir a dormir, Cazola or stizau: Lu clome) jeu de quei sut vusch: Vigni! Vigni! Nus essen tuts bials e persuls. De glin' eis ei bi di. Cheu vegn ei or svidau Iu sac plein novadats, Ch'ei han si enditgiau. Muneida per ils mats. Per pcra, meila obtener puschegn. Quei lain ei zun bein plischer, Fan leger or da sonn. — Cur ch' els cin bein furni, Perdun complein han gudigniau. Lu tuoruan ci ad ir Tut consolai, cumiau Preudent da quei bambin chc di: Turnei! Dameun a scra, seh'ei vus plai. Jeu ditsch dc buna fei. </poem> <section end="poem5"/> <section begin="poem6"/>Cansun de legers students, che van alla vacansa. <poem> Ussa si leger! — lein ir de camerats A casa nossa — viver en solaz! Giest e dueivel — eis ei de selegrar, Cur ch'in schi flissi — stuiu ha s'applicar. </poem> <section end="poem6"/><noinclude></noinclude> 4zuw6mfdlazi8lz68xwwv76anffht3u 104 450621 1335931 2026-04-26T22:52:48Z SZC 03 621129 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335931 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="SZC 03" />{{c|—&emsp;277&emsp;—}}</noinclude><section begin="poem6"/><poem> Nossa ventira — eis ei quei aber stau, Nossa savida — han ei èr lttdau. Ils nos examens, — clte nus vein public fatg, Ein curdai ora — on laud ed avantatg. Ils noss profossers — ein èr cun nus cuntents. Quels han perfin datt — buns documents. Meien pi' ttssa, - heissà e hopsasà! Mintgin a casa, — lein pia selegrar! Nossa vegnida — vegn buca pauc legrar, Nus cun nos studis — honur èra far; Bien e legreivel — vein ussa de spetgar, Buna vacanza — nus vegnan schar far. Vòr bien exempel — lein a seadin nus dar, Ils cors dils auters — èra gudigniar; Lura vognin nus — bia buns amitgs anflar, Che bien nus datan — de beiber e migliar. Ton ch'ei fuss pia — per nus gartiau. Lein dcllas scolas — ver priu cumiatt; A tttts cnsemcn — fioin engraziament. En compignia — moin cun legerment! </poem> <section end="poem6"/> <section begin="poem7"/>La harmonia dil Tscheiver. (Sin in Tscheiver <poem> Si, si! lein star ctiti legerment! II tschoiver ei per nus, Navend cul trost, p' il zaferment! II temps ei prozius. Mirei! eo statan euls de Làx. 1802.1 Mirei! giu Berna, co las parts Scporschau uss il meun. Ei fieran schon, sco vers confrars La greta sut il beun. Mirei! las femmas. co Sereinas ad uiifrir, las van planets En gronda harmonia Solegl e steilas o eamotgs, Cul mund en melodia. Tschagcgnian vi e nau, E fan stn tuts bucca de Mirei! Mirei! co Frontseh ed Engeland. Quels inimitgs rabiai, Mirei! co' il Kaiser en Russland. Uss eiu tuts quietai. rir. soglian las matteuns Ils mats per consolar, Las datan bein bugien ils meuns, Per quels laschar struclar. eo </poem><section end="poem7"/><noinclude></noinclude> qjquxa0yyjd61bs6p0wp1p8c56u8ulp 14 450622 1335933 2026-04-26T22:54:35Z SZC 03 621129 auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335933 wikitext text/x-wiki [[Category:Languages|rm]] l6gptgobmo1j3j2t834geiv9gqwtp1j 1335934 1335933 2026-04-26T22:56:48Z SZC 03 621129 Redirected page to [[Category:Rumantsch]] 1335934 wikitext text/x-wiki #Redirect [[Category:Rumantsch]] p0suvruwpa7y81sz3sbqce4moa2sq6k 104 450623 1335939 2026-04-27T05:27:31Z RMfortranscription 909142 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335939 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="RMfortranscription" /></noinclude>ज नि त्यं स मा हि तः ।। ।। स दां ध र्म्म धा तु बा गी श्व र या तः श्र द्धा त याः भा व न जु सांः मा न या नाः पु जा या नाः श र ण व नः पु न वा रः स द्ध र्म्म या खः ङ नाः म न स मा धा न या नाः न्हि थं २ छ न भ ज ना या व ।। ।। स द्ध र्म्मं ये स दा श्रु भ्बा स त कृ त्य श्र द्ध या द रा तः ग ... श र ण म भ्य र्ध्य भ ज न्ति सं प्र मो दि ताः ।। ।। ग्व ष्म्ह न म नु ष्य नंः श्रु द्धा त याः भा ब न मा न य या तः स दां ध र्म्म या बा ख न ङ ना ध र्म्म धा तु या केः श र ण व नाः पु जा या तः ह र्ष मा नं भ ज ना या यु ।। ।। ते स र्व्वे व्ल्ते श नि र्मु क्ताः प रि शु द्ध त्रि म णु लाः वो धि स त्वा म हा भि ज्ञाः सं या न्ति सु ग ता ल यं ।। ।। ध र्म्म धा तु वा गी श्व र पु जा या ना पु णांः थ्व ष्म्ह स याः दुः ख छुं द यु म षुः का य बा क चि त्तु शु द्ध जु याः म हा भि ज्ञ ष्म्हः बो धि स त्व जु याः त था ग त या छे स व न ।। ।। सं घ र ... नि ये ... र्ध्य श्रा ध्दा या शे र णं ग ताः स त्का रैः स मु प स्ठ्ठा य भ ज न्ति स र्व्व दा मु दा ।। ।। ग्व ष्म्ह म नु ष्य नं सं घ र त्न या केः श्र द्धा त याः श र ण व नः मा न या नाः पु जा या तः स दां ह र्ष मा नंः भ ज ना या त ।। ।। ते पि ... श वि नि मु ... ... द्धा श याः म हा स त्वाः शु भो त्सा हं भु ... या न्ति सु खा ब तीं ।। ।।<noinclude></noinclude> e98lavt8tqlq3a8juxyqw7j24l633cv 1335941 1335939 2026-04-27T06:19:54Z RMfortranscription 909142 1335941 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="RMfortranscription" /></noinclude>ज नि त्यं स मा हि तः ।। ।। स दां ध र्म्म धा तु बा गी श्व र या तः श्र द्धा त याः भा व न जु सांः मा न या नाः पु जा या नाः श र ण व नः पु न वा रः स द्ध र्म्म या खः ङ नाः म न स मा धा न या नाः न्हि थं २ छ न भ ज ना या व ।। ।। स द्ध र्म्मं ये स दा श्रु भ्बा स त कृ त्य श्र द्ध या द रा तः ग ... श र ण म त्य र्च्य भ ज न्ति सं प्र मो दि ताः ।। ।। ग्व ष्म्ह न म नु ष्य नंः श्रु द्धा त याः भा ब न मा न य या तः स दां ध र्म्म या बा ख न ङ ना ध र्म्म धा तु या केः श र ण व नाः पु जा या तः ह र्ष मा नं भ ज ना या यु ।। ।। ते स र्व्वे व्ल्ते श नि र्मु क्ताः प रि शु द्ध त्रि म णु लाः वो धि स त्वा म हा भि ज्ञाः सं या न्ति सु ग ता ल यं ।। ।। ध र्म्म धा तु वा गी श्व र पु जा या ना पु णांः थ्व ष्म्ह स याः दुः ख छुं द यु म षुः का य बा क चि त्तु शु द्ध जु याः म हा भि ज्ञ ष्म्हः बो धि स त्व जु याः त था ग त या छे स व न ।। ।। सं घ र ... नि ये ... र्ध्य श्रा ध्दा या शे र णं ग ताः स त्का रैः स मु प स्ठ्ठा य भ ज न्ति स र्व्व दा मु दा ।। ।। ग्व ष्म्ह म नु ष्य नं सं घ र त्न या केः श्र द्धा त याः श र ण व नः मा न या नाः पु जा या तः स दां ह र्ष मा नंः भ ज ना या त ।। ।। ते पि ... श वि नि मु ... ... द्धा श याः म हा स त्वाः शु भो त्सा हं भु ... या न्ति सु खा ब तीं ।। ।। थ्व ष्म्ह स याः दुः ख छुं म द य काः श्र द्धा चि त्त जु याः पु णा स उ द्य म या नाः म हा स त्व जु याः मं ग ल स उ त्सा हंः तु क्त मा न या नाः सु खा व ती लो क धा तु स व न ।। ।। श्र द्ध या यो र्ह ते पि णु पा त्र मे कं प्र य छ ति त स्य पु णा म सं ख्ये य<noinclude></noinclude> 54312zigxoxmzodmt1gy10a1c3fskf7 104 450624 1335940 2026-04-27T06:00:35Z Ganjidvd 743383 /* Proofread */ 1335940 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="3" user="Ganjidvd" /></noinclude>{{center|{{larger|INTROIBO}} I.}} {{Ppoem| La sera, quand ch’e’ sona l’Evmarí<ref>''Evmarí'': avemaria</ref> A vegh par solit da la Zabariona.... Mo che Cangian! Sit mat? L’è un’ustarí Fura d’Porta Indariana e nó Albarona! E am bev ch’e’ litar cun la cumpagní, Che la canena<ref>''canena'': canina (vino paesano)</ref> par lo piò l’è bona, A fom la caratena<ref>''caratena'': pipa (piccola, di terra)</ref>, am scheld i pi E a tast al ciapp d’e’ c.... a la padrona. A i’ho un canton privilegiè ch’a sent Totti al ciaccar, al fotti, al nuvitè, Al coran novi e i intaress d’la zent. Che, a proposit, iersera am so pruvè D’scrivar ch’i dscurs par mí divartiment E av dirò ch’i du tri ch’is pò cuntè. }} <noinclude>{{center|– 25 –}}</noinclude> [[Category: Rumagnôl]]<noinclude></noinclude> 19hen0dgp1ivtlty43n8h9ck9uzrahr 104 450625 1335951 2026-04-27T07:09:23Z RMfortranscription 909142 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335951 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="RMfortranscription" /></noinclude>म प्र मे यं ज गु जि ना ।। ।। ग्व म्ह स्य नं मे व न पु जा या य जो ज्ञ जु व ष्म्हः त था ग त या तः पि णु या त्र छ ग्व र छा ल · थु या गु पु णाः अ शं ष्य २ ... ख या य म फु ध कः त था ग त पि शंः आ ज्ञा द य का त ल ।। ।। स र्व्व षा म पि पु ण्षा नां प्र मा तुं श क्य ते म याः ए त स्यु णा प्र मा णं तु श क्य ते म याः ए त त्पु णा प्र मा णं तु श क्य ते नं जि नै र पिः ।। ।। स क ल पु णां प्र मा न या ना · जिं क ङ फु याः भ ग वा न या तः पि णु पा त्र छा या गुः पु णा प्र मा न या नः त था ग त पि स नंः क ङ म फु ।। ।। स र्व्व त्रै धा तु को त्प न्नाः स त्वा श्चे त्सु ग ता त म जाः ते य्य त त्पु णा सं ख्या नां प्र मा तुं नै व ग क्रु युः ।। ।। त्रि भु व न सः स क भि नंः उ त्प त्ति जु या · च्वं पिं · स त्व ज न स क ल्पंः त था ग त या पु त्र जु युः थु मि स्य नं पि णु पा त्र छा या गुः पुणा प्र मा ण या ना क ङ म फु ।। ।। प्रा गे बा ह मि है को स्मि त त्क थं श क्रु या दि दंः पु णा स्क न्धं स मा ख्या तुं य त्न श क्यं जि नै र पि ।। ।। न्हा पांः थ न जि या क तं ग ण क न्य फ युः ज त्न या ना वः थ्व पि णु पा त याः पु णा प्र मा न या नाः त था ग त पि श नंः ग था क ङ म फ त ।। ।। चु र्णुी कृ त्य म हीं स र्व्वा न्ह त्वा र जो म यंः त त्स र्व्वं ग ण पि तुं श क्यं स र्व्वै बु द्धै म या पि च ।। ।। स क ल प्ट थ्वी म णु ल चं चु र्य्य मा न या नाः रे नु प्र मा न या यः थु गु रे नु प्र मा नंः ल्या ख या य गुः द क्व त था ग त पि स नं फुः पु न वा रः जि नं फ याः ।। ।। न तु त्रि र त्न स त्का र पु णा<noinclude></noinclude> e27nj507dca0yzowi8o3qp1p38l8k8t 1335963 1335951 2026-04-27T08:01:54Z RMfortranscription 909142 1335963 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="RMfortranscription" /></noinclude>म प्र मे यं ज गु जि ना ।। ।। ग्व म्ह स्य नं मे व न पु जा या य जो ज्ञ जु व ष्म्हः त था ग त या तः पि णु या त्र छ ग्व र छा ल · थु या गु पु णाः अ शं ष्य २ ... ख या य म फु ध कः त था ग त पि शंः आ ज्ञा द य का त ल ।। ।। स र्व्व षा म पि पु ण्षा नां प्र मा भुं श क्य ते म याः ए त स्यु णा प्र मा णं भु श क्य ते म याः ए त त्पु णा प्र मा णं तु श क्य ते नं जि नै र पिः ।। ।। स क ल पु णां प्र मा न या ना · जिं क ङ फु याः भ ग वा न या तः पि णु पा त्र छा या गुः पु णा प्र मा न या नः त था ग त पि स नंः क ङ म फु ।। ।। स र्व्व त्रै धा तु को त्प न्नाः स त्वा श्चे त्सु ग ता त म जाः ते य्य त त्पु णा सं ख्या नां प्र मा भुं नै व ग क्रु युः ।। ।। त्रि भु व न सः स क भि नंः उ त्प त्ति जु या · च्वं पिं · स त्व ज न स क ल्पंः त था ग त या पु त्र जु युः थु मि स्य नं पि णु पा त्र छा या गुः पुणा प्र मा ण या ना क ङ म फु ।। ।। प्रा गे बा ह मि है को स्मि त त्क थं श क्रु या दि दंः पु णा स्क न्धं स मा ख्या तुं य त्न श क्यं जि नै र पि ।। ।। न्हा पांः थ न जि या क तं ग ण क न्य फ युः ज त्न या ना वः थ्व पि णु पा त याः पु णा प्र मा न या नाः त था ग त पि श नंः ग था क ङ म फ त ।। ।। चु र्णुी कृ त्य म हीं स र्व्वा न्ह त्वा र जो म यंः त त्स र्व्वं ग ण पि भुं श क्यं स र्व्वै बु द्धै म या पि च ।। ।। स क ल प्ट थ्वी म णु ल चं चु र्य्य मा न या नाः रे नु प्र मा न या यः थु गु रे नु प्र मा नंः ल्या ख या य गुः द क्व त था ग त पि स नं फुः पु न वा रः जि नं फ याः ।। ।। न भु त्रि र त्न स त्का र पु णा<noinclude></noinclude> mi2dr15q8v03u0whwqchz290xcyl8js 104 450626 1335958 2026-04-27T07:29:02Z RMfortranscription 909142 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335958 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="RMfortranscription" /></noinclude>स्क धं क दा च नः प्र मा<noinclude></noinclude> e89wn6dhfs55lv1jxlg7gdiuzgifm3q 0 450627 1335975 2026-04-27T09:59:50Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1335975 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ|လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ (ဢေႇၻီႇ 649-1235)|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ (ဢေႇၻီႇ 649-1235)]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် (လုၵ်ႈၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ မိူင်းသႅၼ်) ဢိၵ်ႇပူႇ လၢပ်ႇလႅင်ႈ၊ ပူႇလိင်း၊ ၶဝွင်ႇႁူၵ်းၶဝ်သီႇၵေႃႉ ၵႂႃႇထုတ်ႈတႅမ်ႈ ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ တီႈမိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇသေ ၶိုၼ်းမႃးၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈပီ သႃႇသၼႃႇ 450 မိူဝ်ႈ 29 ပီႇၸီႇၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Hsen (Khur), History of Wat Ku Mu Soi’s Stupa, (Thung Poang), p 1</ref> {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] 5ynmca2p8jl6q1c6ak3ms6lg22g34pi 1335976 1335975 2026-04-27T10:01:50Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1335976 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ|လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ (ဢေႇၻီႇ 649-1235)|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ (ဢေႇၻီႇ 649-1235)]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် (လုၵ်ႈၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ မိူင်းသႅၼ်) ဢိၵ်ႇပူႇ လၢပ်ႇလႅင်ႈ၊ ပူႇလိင်း၊ ၶဝွင်ႇႁူၵ်းၶဝ်သီႇၵေႃႉ ၵႂႃႇထုတ်ႈတႅမ်ႈ ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ တီႈမိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇသေ ၶိုၼ်းမႃးၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈပီ သႃႇသၼႃႇ 450 (မိူဝ်ႈ 29 ပီႇၸီႇ)ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Hsen (Khur), ''History of Wat Ku Mu Soi’s Stupa, (Thung Poang)'', p 1</ref> မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် မၼ်းဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼင်ႇၼၼ် ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈ မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး ပဵၼ် ငဝ်ႈငႂႃႇလူင် မိူင်းၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉဝႆႉလႄႈ ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ် ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈဝႃႈ မီးၼႂ်းမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃးၼႆၵေႃႈဝႃႈ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈသမ်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ မီးၼႂ်းမိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃ ၼႆၵေႃႈ ဝႃႈယူႇ။ လွင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်သွင်ၸႂ်သွင်ၶေႃးဝႆႉ။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] rxnta15tlqkf5mhlyvmjun05bet5780 1335977 1335976 2026-04-27T10:03:48Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1335977 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ|လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ (ဢေႇၻီႇ 649-1235)|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ (ဢေႇၻီႇ 649-1235)]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် (လုၵ်ႈၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ မိူင်းသႅၼ်) ဢိၵ်ႇပူႇ လၢပ်ႇလႅင်ႈ၊ ပူႇလိင်း၊ ၶဝွင်ႇႁူၵ်းၶဝ်သီႇၵေႃႉ ၵႂႃႇထုတ်ႈတႅမ်ႈ ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ တီႈမိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇသေ ၶိုၼ်းမႃးၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈပီ သႃႇသၼႃႇ 450 (မိူဝ်ႈ 29 ပီႇၸီႇ)ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Hsen (Khur), ''History of Wat Ku Mu Soi’s Stupa, (Thung Poang)'', p 1</ref> မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် မၼ်းဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼင်ႇၼၼ် ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈ မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး ပဵၼ် ငဝ်ႈငႂႃႇလူင် မိူင်းၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉဝႆႉလႄႈ ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ် ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈဝႃႈ မီးၼႂ်းမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃးၼႆၵေႃႈဝႃႈ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈသမ်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ မီးၼႂ်းမိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃ ၼႆၵေႃႈ ဝႃႈယူႇ။ လွင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်သွင်ၸႂ်သွင်ၶေႃးဝႆႉ။ သင်ဢဝ်တၢင်းႁၼ်ထိုင် ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶိုၼ်ႈလႆႈ 450 ပီပီႇၸီႇ (29)ၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ပီဢၼ်ႁဵတ်းသၢင်ႈ သင်ႇၵႃႇယၼႃႇ ၵမ်းထူၼ်းသီႇ၊ တီႈဝတ်ႉဢရုဝိႁႃႇရ၊ မိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃ။ ပၢင်သင်ႇၵႃႇယၼႃႇ ၵမ်းထူၼ်ႈသီႇၼႆႉ ၽူႈဢွၼ်ႁူဝ်မၼ်း ပဵၼ် ၸဝ်ႈမႁႃႇရၵ်ႉၶိတ။ ဢၼ်ႁဵတ်းသၢင်ႈသင်ႇၵႃႇယၼႃႇ ၵမ်းထူၼ်ႈသီႇ ၼႆႉ ၺႃးၶၢဝ်းလဵဝ်ၵၼ် တင်းၸုမ်းၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင်ၶဝ် မႃးပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ တီႈမိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်း သႃႇသၼႃႇဝႃႈၵေႃႈ ၵႃႈပဵၼ်ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈတင်းလႆၢၵေႃႈ ထတ်းထွင်ဢဝ်သေ ၶိုၼ်းဢဝ်တၢင်ႇဝႆႉ ၼိူဝ်ၽိုၼ်ပေႇၽိုၼ်ထၢၼ် ၼႂ်းပီၼၼ်ႉမူတ်းမူတ်း။ တီႈဢၼ်ႁဵတ်း ပၢင်သင်ႇၵႃႇယၼႃႇ ၵမ်းထူၼ်ႈသီႇသေ ဢဝ် ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼိူဝ်ၽိုၼ်ၼိူဝ်ပေႇၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇဝႆႉတႄႉ။ ၸွမ်းႁိမ်းႁွမ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃ ပဵၼ်လွႆမၢၵ်ႇႁိၼ် မၢၵ်ႇၽႃဝႆႉတႄႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈလိၵ်ႈၶဝ် ၵႂႃႇႁဵၼ်းလိၵ်ႈ မိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ယၢမ်ႈၵႂႃႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းမႃး တီႈၼၼ်ႈ လၢႆလၢႆပွၵ်ႈလႆၢလၢႆၽဝ်ႇယူႇ။ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင်ၶဝ် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းမႃး ပိတၵၢတ်ႈဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈတႄႉ တေၵမ်ႉထႅမ်ဝႃႈ မၼ်းပဵၼ် တီႈၼၼ်ႈ၊ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်မီး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃ တီႈဢရုဝိႁႃႇရ ၼၼ်ႉၵူၺ်း။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] op5plhla9c126g6mleot49tc8tqp7ql 1335978 1335977 2026-04-27T10:06:16Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1335978 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ|လၵ်းထၢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇ ထေႇရဝၢတ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းယူႇၼၢၼ်ႇ]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ (ဢေႇၻီႇ 649-1235)|သႃႇသၼႃႇ ပၢၼ်မိူင်းလူင် လၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ (ဢေႇၻီႇ 649-1235)]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် (လုၵ်ႈၸဝ်ႈၾႃႉ မိူင်းသႅၼ်) ဢိၵ်ႇပူႇ လၢပ်ႇလႅင်ႈ၊ ပူႇလိင်း၊ ၶဝွင်ႇႁူၵ်းၶဝ်သီႇၵေႃႉ ၵႂႃႇထုတ်ႈတႅမ်ႈ ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ တီႈမိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇသေ ၶိုၼ်းမႃးၼၼ်ႉ မႅၼ်ႈမိူဝ်ႈပီ သႃႇသၼႃႇ 450 (မိူဝ်ႈ 29 ပီႇၸီႇ)ၼၼ်ႉၼႆယဝ်ႉ။<ref>Hsen (Khur), ''History of Wat Ku Mu Soi’s Stupa, (Thung Poang)'', p 1</ref> မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ပေႃးဢဝ်ၼႃႈလိၼ် မၼ်းဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈယၢမ်းၼင်ႇၼၼ် ယွၼ်ႉပိူဝ်ႈ မိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး ပဵၼ် ငဝ်ႈငႂႃႇလူင် မိူင်းၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉဝႆႉလႄႈ ၽူႈလူင်ႉပိုၼ်းၶဝ် ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈဝႃႈ မီးၼႂ်းမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃးၼႆၵေႃႈဝႃႈ။ ၵူၺ်းၵႃႈ ၵမ်ႈၽွင်ႈသမ်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ မီးၼႂ်းမိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃ ၼႆၵေႃႈ ဝႃႈယူႇ။ လွင်ႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ်သွင်ၸႂ်သွင်ၶေႃးဝႆႉ။ သင်ဢဝ်တၢင်းႁၼ်ထိုင် ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈဝႃႈ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ပီသႃႇသၼႃႇ ၶိုၼ်ႈလႆႈ 450 ပီပီႇၸီႇ (29)ၼၼ်ႉ ပဵၼ်ပီဢၼ်ႁဵတ်းသၢင်ႈ သင်ႇၵႃႇယၼႃႇ ၵမ်းထူၼ်းသီႇ၊ တီႈဝတ်ႉဢရုဝိႁႃႇရ၊ မိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃ။ ပၢင်သင်ႇၵႃႇယၼႃႇ ၵမ်းထူၼ်ႈသီႇၼႆႉ ၽူႈဢွၼ်ႁူဝ်မၼ်း ပဵၼ် ၸဝ်ႈမႁႃႇရၵ်ႉၶိတ။ ဢၼ်ႁဵတ်းသၢင်ႈသင်ႇၵႃႇယၼႃႇ ၵမ်းထူၼ်ႈသီႇ ၼႆႉ ၺႃးၶၢဝ်းလဵဝ်ၵၼ် တင်းၸုမ်းၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင်ၶဝ် မႃးပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ တီႈမိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ။ ပေႃးဢဝ်ပိုၼ်း သႃႇသၼႃႇဝႃႈၵေႃႈ ၵႃႈပဵၼ်ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ ထမ်ႇမၸဝ်ႈတင်းလႆၢၵေႃႈ ထတ်းထွင်ဢဝ်သေ ၶိုၼ်းဢဝ်တၢင်ႇဝႆႉ ၼိူဝ်ၽိုၼ်ပေႇၽိုၼ်ထၢၼ် ၼႂ်းပီၼၼ်ႉမူတ်းမူတ်း။ တီႈဢၼ်ႁဵတ်း ပၢင်သင်ႇၵႃႇယၼႃႇ ၵမ်းထူၼ်ႈသီႇသေ ဢဝ် ပိတၵၢတ်ႈ တႅမ်ႈဝႆႉၼိူဝ်ၽိုၼ်ၼိူဝ်ပေႇၼၼ်ႉ သမ်ႉပဵၼ်မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇဝႆႉတႄႉ။ ၸွမ်းႁိမ်းႁွမ်းၼၼ်ႉၵေႃ ပဵၼ်လွႆမၢၵ်ႇႁိၼ် မၢၵ်ႇၽႃဝႆႉတႄႉ။ မိူဝ်ႈၽွင်း ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈလိၵ်ႈၶဝ် ၵႂႃႇႁဵၼ်းလိၵ်ႈ မိူင်းသီႇႁူဝ်ႇၼၼ်ႉ ယၢမ်ႈၵႂႃႇလဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းမႃး တီႈၼၼ်ႈ လၢႆလၢႆပွၵ်ႈလႆၢလၢႆၽဝ်ႇယူႇ။ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ ဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင်ၶဝ် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းမႃး ပိတၵၢတ်ႈဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈတႄႉ တေၵမ်ႉထႅမ်ဝႃႈ မၼ်းပဵၼ် တီႈၼၼ်ႈ၊ ပဵၼ်ဢၼ်မီး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃ တီႈဢရုဝိႁႃႇရ ၼၼ်ႉၵူၺ်း။ သင်ၸိူဝ်ႉဝႃႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼႆႉ ပဵၼ် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃးဢိူဝ်ႈ သင်ဝႃႈၼႆၸိုင် ၼႂ်းမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃး ၵေႃႈ ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈၶဝ် ယၢမ်ႈၵႂႃႇယူႇမႃးၼႂ်းမၼ်း ႁႃႈႁူၵ်းပီသေ ယၢမ်ႈၵႂႃႇ လဵပ်ႈႁဵၼ်းမႃး လၢႆလၢႆတီႈယူႇၼင်ႇၵဝ်ႇ။ တီႈဢၼ်သႃႇသၼႃႇယၢမ်ႈ ႁိူင်းမႃး ၼႂ်းမိူင်းဢိၼ်းတီးယႃးၼႆႉ မိူၼ်ၼင်ႇ မိူင်းပတ်ႉထၼႃးမိူင်းပႃႇတလိပုတ်ႈၶဝ်၊ မိူင်းဝေႇသႃႇလီႇၶဝ်၊ မိူင်းၵုသိၼႃႇၵႃႇၵုသိၼရုင်ႇၶဝ်၊ မိူင်းသႃႇဝတ်ႉထိၶဝ်၊ မိူင်းပႃႇရၼသီႇၶဝ်၊ ပုတ်ႉထၵယႃႇၶဝ်ၸိူဝ်းၼႆႉ ပိၵ်ႉသမ်ႉပိတၵၢတ်ႈထမ်းၸဝ်ႈ မီးယူႇၼႆသေတ ဢၼ်မီးလွႆမၢၵ်ႇႁိၼ်မၢၵ်ႇၽႃ ဢၼ်တေႁွင်ႉလႆႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ဢမ်ႇမီးတီႈလႂ် ဢၼ်မိူၼ်လႆႈ တီႈဝတ်ႉဢရုဝိႁႃႇရ၊ မိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃၼၼ်ႉသေတီႈ။ ယွၼ်ႉၼၼ်လႄႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ တီႈဢၼ်ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင်ၶဝ် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈမႃး ဢၼ်ဝႃႈၼၼ်ႉ ၽူႈတႅမ်ႈတႄႉ တိုၼ်းၵမ်ႉထႅမ်ဝႃႈ မၼ်းပဵၼ် မိူင်းသီႇရိလင်းၵႃႇၵူၺ်းၼႆယူႇ။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] 1qha55p36t515eu4yhts1b0ri59z5qg 0 450628 1335979 2026-04-27T10:20:49Z Sai Myo Thura Kyaw 946522 Add contents 1335979 wikitext text/x-wiki {{header | title = သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး | author = ၸဝ်ႈၶူး Dr. ပၺ်ၺႃသီရိ သၢႆပွၼ် | override_author = | editor = | translator = | contributor = | override_contributor = | section = | previous = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ|ၸဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ႁွင် ၵႂႃႇပၢင်းပိတၵၢတ်ႈ မိူင်းၽႃတင်ႈၽႃတေႃႇ]] | previous2 = | next = [[သႃႇသၼႃႇ လႄႈ တႆး/ၶဵဝ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶႄႇ|ၶဵဝ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ ပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈ ၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶႄႇ]] | next2 = | year = | notes = | edition = ပွၵ်ႈၵမ်းၼိုင်ႈ | categories = သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထ | shortcut = | portal = }} တႆးသျမ်ၼႆႉ တိုၼ်းပဵၼ်ၸၢဝ်းပုတ်ႉမႃး ၸဵမ်ဢွၼ်၊ ၼႂ်းပိုၼ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈၼၼ်ႉ လႆႈႁၼ်ဝႃႈ လွင်ႈယုမ်ႇယမ်ပုတ်ႉထၼႆႉ ၽႅဝ်မႃးထိုင်တႆး ၸဵမ်မိူဝ်ႈဢွၼ် "ႁၢၼ်မိၼ်ႇတိ" ၼႆလႄႈ မိူဝ်ႈဢေႇၻီႇ 71 ၼၼ်ႉ တႆးပေႃးၵိူဝ်းယမ် သႃႇသၼႃႇပုတ်ႉထၸဝ်ႈယဝ်ႉ။ ၶဵဝ်ႈၵႅဝ်ႈ ဢၼ်မီးၼႂ်းမိူင်းၶေႇ ယၢမ်းလဵဝ်ၼႆႉ တိုၼ်းပဵၼ်ၶွင်တႆး ၵိူဝ်းလီမႃးၸဵမ်ႁိုင်။ မိူဝ်ႈၶုၼ်ဢၼေႃႇရထႃႇ ဢၢၼ်းမိူဝ်းပၢင်းၼၼ်ႉ မီးတီႈႁေႃၶမ်းလၢၼ်ႉၸဝ်ႈ။<ref>Pe Maung Tin, ''The Glass of Palace Chronicle of the King of Burma'', pp 80-84 </ref> ဝၢႆးမႃး တႆးလႆႈသုမ်းတေႃႇၶေႇလႄႈ ၶေႇသိမ်းဢဝ်သေ ဢဝ်ႁဵတ်းႁင်းၶဝ်ၵႂႃႇ။ {{dhr|3}} {{rule|6em|align=left|style=border:1px solid}} {{Reflist}} [[Category:တႆး]] tsu3qpfu71qawn70zhsq0ryn6geowac 104 450629 1335980 2026-04-27T10:35:45Z SabdaStha 964131 /* Not proofread */ auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335980 proofread-page text/x-wiki <noinclude><pagequality level="1" user="SabdaStha" /></noinclude> स जल... ...जुयाओ चोनगु नगर छगुलि दसां चोङ थ्व नगरस श्री भगवान विज्यानाओ चोन थ्वगु प्रकारनं जि नं कनाओ तया...जुल थनंलि श्री भगवान तओ धन पराक्रम नं संयूक्त जुयकाओ तथागत धायकाओ विज्यात । थथिंम्ह श्री तथागत नं असंखा आनंद भिक्षु प्रमुखं वोधिसत्व आदि गेवदैत्य आदिं नाग मनूष्य गन पनिस नलि चकाओ जेतवन महाविहारस सभा ... ...ल दयकाओ श्री भगहयावान सिंहा...मस विज्यानाओ चोनजुल थ्व बेलस सभालोक पनिसनं थओ२ श्रद्धा भावनं दयेकाओ हयागू पूष्प धूप दीप सुगंध नैबेद्य फलफूल् ताबु‍ूलादि दक्षिना पंचामृत ताय अक्षतनं पूजा यानाओ श्री साक्य सिंह भगवान आनंदनं बि<noinclude></noinclude> doludpdv63uhz1v6x0pyy43p4at0cy8 0 450630 1335985 2026-04-27T11:39:08Z Catonif 622571 auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335985 wikitext text/x-wiki <titlePage> <pb n="1"/> <docTitle> <titlePart type="main"> <hi style="font-size: 2.1rem"> <w norm="fare" lemma="fare">𐖠𐖗𐖱𐖞</w> <w norm="i ri" lemma="i ri" msd="masc sg">𐖥 𐖱𐖥</w> </hi> <lb/> <hi style="font-size: 3.9rem"> <w norm="ëvetar" lemma="ëvetar" msd="ind nom sg">𐖟𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖗𐖱</w> <w norm="shqip" lemma="shqip" msd="masc sg">𐖴𐖰𐖥𐖯</w> </hi> </titlePart> <lb/> <titlePart type="sub"> <hi style="font-size: 1.4em"><w norm="për" lemma="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w></hi> <lb/> <hi style="font-size: 2.5rem"> <w norm="Djelm" lemma="djalë" msd="ind acc pl">𐕵𐖧𐖞𐖩𐖫</w> <w norm="Nismëtore" lemma="nismëtor" msd="masc pl">𐖅𐖥𐖳𐖫𐖟𐖵𐖮𐖱𐖟</w> </hi> </titlePart> </docTitle> <lb/> <docEdition> <w norm="Nxjerë" lemma="nxjerr" msd="pp">𐖅𐖹𐖧𐖞𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="e" lemma="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="dhënë" lemma="jap" msd="pp">𐖝𐖟𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="mbë" lemma="më">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="dritë" lemma="dritë" msd="ind acc sg">𐖜𐖱𐖥𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="tani" lemma="tani">𐖵𐖗𐖬𐖥</w> <w norm="herën" lemma="herë" msd="def acc sg">𐖣𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖬</w> <lb/> <w norm="e parë" lemma="i parë" msd="fem sg">𐖞 𐖯𐖗𐖱𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="për" lemma="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="djelm" lemma="djalë" msd="ind acc pl">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="të vegjël" lemma="i vogël" msd="masc pl">𐖵𐖟 𐖸𐖞𐖡𐖦𐖟𐖩</w> <lb/> <w norm="me" lemma="me">𐖄𐖞</w> <w norm="një" lemma="një">𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="të zgjedhur" lemma="i zgjedhur">𐖵𐖟 𐖼𐖡𐖦𐖞𐖝𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="nga" lemma="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="disa" lemma="disa">𐖜𐖥𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="gjë" lemma="gjë" msd="ind nom pl">𐖡𐖦𐖟</w> <w norm="të mirash" lemma="i mirë">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖗𐖴</w> <lb/> <w norm="e" lemma="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të fitimëshme" lemma="i fitimshëm">𐖵𐖟 𐖠𐖥𐖵𐖥𐖫𐖟𐖴𐖫𐖞</w><pc>.</pc> </docEdition> <lb/> <byline> <hi style="font-size: 1.3rem"><w norm="prej" lemma="prej">𐖯𐖱𐖞𐖧𐖦</w></hi> <lb/> <hi style="font-size: 1.6rem"> <persName key="Q1110673"> <w norm="Naum" lemma="Naum">𐖅𐖗𐖷𐖫</w> <w norm="P." lemma="Panajot">𐖈.</w> <w norm="Veqilḫarxhit" lemma="Veqilharxhi">𐖑𐖞𐖰𐖥𐖩𐖤𐖗𐖱𐖛𐖥𐖵</w> </persName><pc>,</pc> <lb/> <w norm="Bredhasi" lemma="bredhas">𐕱𐖱𐖞𐖝𐖗𐖳𐖥</w> </hi> </byline> <lb/> <docImprint> <hi style="font-size: 1.1rem"><w norm="nga" lemma="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w></hi> <lb/> <hi style="font-size: 1.3rem"><placeName key="Q16361557"> <w norm="Bythkuqi" lemma="Vithkuq">𐕲𐖻𐖶𐖨𐖷𐖰𐖥</w> <w norm="i Kolonjës" lemma="Kolonjë" msd="">𐖥 𐖨𐖮𐖩𐖮𐖭𐖟𐖳</w><pc>.</pc> </placeName></hi> <lb/> <w norm="mot'" lemma="mot" msd="def nom sg">𐖄𐖮𐖵’</w> <w norm="i dytë" lemma="i dytë" msd="masc sg">𐖥 𐖜𐖻𐖵𐖟</w><pc>.</pc> <date>1845</date><pc>.</pc> </docImprint> </titlePage> 0c3fktcymma8arih0egl1tbxefp6w86 1335986 1335985 2026-04-27T11:39:32Z Catonif 622571 Catonif changed the content model of the page [[TEI/Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/01]] from "wikitext" to "plain text" 1335986 text text/plain <titlePage> <pb n="1"/> <docTitle> <titlePart type="main"> <hi style="font-size: 2.1rem"> <w norm="fare" lemma="fare">𐖠𐖗𐖱𐖞</w> <w norm="i ri" lemma="i ri" msd="masc sg">𐖥 𐖱𐖥</w> </hi> <lb/> <hi style="font-size: 3.9rem"> <w norm="ëvetar" lemma="ëvetar" msd="ind nom sg">𐖟𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖗𐖱</w> <w norm="shqip" lemma="shqip" msd="masc sg">𐖴𐖰𐖥𐖯</w> </hi> </titlePart> <lb/> <titlePart type="sub"> <hi style="font-size: 1.4em"><w norm="për" lemma="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w></hi> <lb/> <hi style="font-size: 2.5rem"> <w norm="Djelm" lemma="djalë" msd="ind acc pl">𐕵𐖧𐖞𐖩𐖫</w> <w norm="Nismëtore" lemma="nismëtor" msd="masc pl">𐖅𐖥𐖳𐖫𐖟𐖵𐖮𐖱𐖟</w> </hi> </titlePart> </docTitle> <lb/> <docEdition> <w norm="Nxjerë" lemma="nxjerr" msd="pp">𐖅𐖹𐖧𐖞𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="e" lemma="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="dhënë" lemma="jap" msd="pp">𐖝𐖟𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="mbë" lemma="më">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="dritë" lemma="dritë" msd="ind acc sg">𐖜𐖱𐖥𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="tani" lemma="tani">𐖵𐖗𐖬𐖥</w> <w norm="herën" lemma="herë" msd="def acc sg">𐖣𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖬</w> <lb/> <w norm="e parë" lemma="i parë" msd="fem sg">𐖞 𐖯𐖗𐖱𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="për" lemma="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="djelm" lemma="djalë" msd="ind acc pl">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="të vegjël" lemma="i vogël" msd="masc pl">𐖵𐖟 𐖸𐖞𐖡𐖦𐖟𐖩</w> <lb/> <w norm="me" lemma="me">𐖄𐖞</w> <w norm="një" lemma="një">𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="të zgjedhur" lemma="i zgjedhur">𐖵𐖟 𐖼𐖡𐖦𐖞𐖝𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="nga" lemma="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="disa" lemma="disa">𐖜𐖥𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="gjë" lemma="gjë" msd="ind nom pl">𐖡𐖦𐖟</w> <w norm="të mirash" lemma="i mirë">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖗𐖴</w> <lb/> <w norm="e" lemma="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të fitimëshme" lemma="i fitimshëm">𐖵𐖟 𐖠𐖥𐖵𐖥𐖫𐖟𐖴𐖫𐖞</w><pc>.</pc> </docEdition> <lb/> <byline> <hi style="font-size: 1.3rem"><w norm="prej" lemma="prej">𐖯𐖱𐖞𐖧𐖦</w></hi> <lb/> <hi style="font-size: 1.6rem"> <persName key="Q1110673"> <w norm="Naum" lemma="Naum">𐖅𐖗𐖷𐖫</w> <w norm="P." lemma="Panajot">𐖈.</w> <w norm="Veqilḫarxhit" lemma="Veqilharxhi">𐖑𐖞𐖰𐖥𐖩𐖤𐖗𐖱𐖛𐖥𐖵</w> </persName><pc>,</pc> <lb/> <w norm="Bredhasi" lemma="bredhas">𐕱𐖱𐖞𐖝𐖗𐖳𐖥</w> </hi> </byline> <lb/> <docImprint> <hi style="font-size: 1.1rem"><w norm="nga" lemma="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w></hi> <lb/> <hi style="font-size: 1.3rem"><placeName key="Q16361557"> <w norm="Bythkuqi" lemma="Vithkuq">𐕲𐖻𐖶𐖨𐖷𐖰𐖥</w> <w norm="i Kolonjës" lemma="Kolonjë" msd="">𐖥 𐖨𐖮𐖩𐖮𐖭𐖟𐖳</w><pc>.</pc> </placeName></hi> <lb/> <w norm="mot'" lemma="mot" msd="def nom sg">𐖄𐖮𐖵’</w> <w norm="i dytë" lemma="i dytë" msd="masc sg">𐖥 𐖜𐖻𐖵𐖟</w><pc>.</pc> <date>1845</date><pc>.</pc> </docImprint> </titlePage> 0c3fktcymma8arih0egl1tbxefp6w86 0 450631 1335987 2026-04-27T11:40:57Z Catonif 622571 auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335987 wikitext text/x-wiki <cit> <pb n="2"/> <quote> <w norm="Le"><hi rend="dropCap">𐖂</hi>𐖞</w> <w norm="tu">𐖵𐖷</w> <w norm="heqë">𐖣𐖞𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="zemra" lemma="zemër">𐖼𐖞𐖫𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="o">𐖮</w> <w norm="djem" lemma="djalë">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="mbë" lemma="më">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="të mpsuarit">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <lb/> <w norm="e" lemma="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="vihi">𐖸𐖥𐖣𐖥</w> <w norm="sa" lemma="sa">𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="të" lemma="të">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖬𐖥</w> <w norm="mundni" lemma="mund" msd="2 pl subj pres">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖬𐖥</w> <w norm="që" lemma="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟 𐖙𐖟𐖣𐖥</w> <w norm="bëhi">𐖵𐖟 𐖙𐖟𐖣𐖥</w> <w norm="të ditur">𐖵𐖟 𐖜𐖥𐖵𐖷𐖱</w><pc>.</pc> <lb/> <w norm="Nderoni" lemma="nderoj">𐖅𐖜𐖞𐖱𐖮𐖬𐖥</w> <w norm="të diturit">𐖵𐖟 𐖜𐖥𐖵𐖷𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="që" lemma="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mos">𐖫𐖮𐖳</w> <w norm="harohet" lemma="harroj">𐖣𐖗𐖱𐖮𐖣𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="emëri" lemma="emër" msd="def nom sg">𐖞𐖫𐖟𐖱𐖥</w> <lb/> <w norm="juaj">𐖧𐖷𐖗𐖧𐖦</w> <w norm="sa">𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="të mbanjë">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖙𐖗𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="këjo">𐖨𐖟𐖧𐖮</w> <w norm="jetë">𐖧𐖞𐖵𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="të mpsuarit">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="e të diturit" lemma="të ditur"> 𐖞 <lb/> 𐖵𐖟 𐖜𐖥𐖵𐖷𐖱𐖥𐖵 </w> <w norm="janë">𐖧𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="të dashurat">𐖵𐖟 𐖜𐖗𐖴𐖷𐖱𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="e" lemma="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të pëlqyerat">𐖵𐖟 𐖯𐖟𐖩𐖰𐖻𐖞𐖱𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="e Perëndisë" lemma="Perëndi"> 𐖞 <lb/> 𐖈𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖳𐖟 </w><pc>.</pc> </quote> <bibl> <w norm="Sollomoj">𐖌𐖮𐖪𐖮𐖫𐖮𐖧</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="krue">𐖨𐖱𐖷𐖞</w> <w norm="4të" lemma="katërt">4<hi rend="superscript underline">𐖵𐖟</hi></w> </bibl> </cit> eaze8nr9rl070dslofa9e7hfxlgq9vc 1335988 1335987 2026-04-27T11:41:13Z Catonif 622571 Catonif changed the content model of the page [[TEI/Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/02]] from "wikitext" to "plain text" 1335988 text text/plain <cit> <pb n="2"/> <quote> <w norm="Le"><hi rend="dropCap">𐖂</hi>𐖞</w> <w norm="tu">𐖵𐖷</w> <w norm="heqë">𐖣𐖞𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="zemra" lemma="zemër">𐖼𐖞𐖫𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="o">𐖮</w> <w norm="djem" lemma="djalë">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="mbë" lemma="më">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="të mpsuarit">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <lb/> <w norm="e" lemma="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="vihi">𐖸𐖥𐖣𐖥</w> <w norm="sa" lemma="sa">𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="të" lemma="të">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖬𐖥</w> <w norm="mundni" lemma="mund" msd="2 pl subj pres">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖬𐖥</w> <w norm="që" lemma="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟 𐖙𐖟𐖣𐖥</w> <w norm="bëhi">𐖵𐖟 𐖙𐖟𐖣𐖥</w> <w norm="të ditur">𐖵𐖟 𐖜𐖥𐖵𐖷𐖱</w><pc>.</pc> <lb/> <w norm="Nderoni" lemma="nderoj">𐖅𐖜𐖞𐖱𐖮𐖬𐖥</w> <w norm="të diturit">𐖵𐖟 𐖜𐖥𐖵𐖷𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="që" lemma="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mos">𐖫𐖮𐖳</w> <w norm="harohet" lemma="harroj">𐖣𐖗𐖱𐖮𐖣𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="emëri" lemma="emër" msd="def nom sg">𐖞𐖫𐖟𐖱𐖥</w> <lb/> <w norm="juaj">𐖧𐖷𐖗𐖧𐖦</w> <w norm="sa">𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="të mbanjë">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖙𐖗𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="këjo">𐖨𐖟𐖧𐖮</w> <w norm="jetë">𐖧𐖞𐖵𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="të mpsuarit">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="e të diturit" lemma="të ditur"> 𐖞 <lb/> 𐖵𐖟 𐖜𐖥𐖵𐖷𐖱𐖥𐖵 </w> <w norm="janë">𐖧𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="të dashurat">𐖵𐖟 𐖜𐖗𐖴𐖷𐖱𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="e" lemma="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të pëlqyerat">𐖵𐖟 𐖯𐖟𐖩𐖰𐖻𐖞𐖱𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="e Perëndisë" lemma="Perëndi"> 𐖞 <lb/> 𐖈𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖳𐖟 </w><pc>.</pc> </quote> <bibl> <w norm="Sollomoj">𐖌𐖮𐖪𐖮𐖫𐖮𐖧</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="krue">𐖨𐖱𐖷𐖞</w> <w norm="4të" lemma="katërt">4<hi rend="superscript underline">𐖵𐖟</hi></w> </bibl> </cit> eaze8nr9rl070dslofa9e7hfxlgq9vc 0 450632 1335989 2026-04-27T11:41:55Z Catonif 622571 auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335989 wikitext text/x-wiki <div type="preface"> <pb n="3"/> <head> <hi style="font-size:1.5em"> <w norm="etërfaltur">𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖠𐖗𐖩𐖵𐖷𐖱</w><pc>!!</pc> </hi> </head> <p> <w norm="Gjithë" lemma="gjithë"><hi rend="dropCap">𐕺</hi>𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <emph> <w norm="Shqipërisë" lemma="Shqipëri">𐖍𐖰𐖥𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖳𐖟</w> </emph><pc>,</pc> <w norm="edhe" lemma="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="mb'" lemma="më">𐖫𐖙’</w> <w norm="emër" lemma="emër">𐖞𐖫𐖟𐖱</w><pc>:</pc> <w norm="gjithë" lemma="gjithë">𐕺𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <lb/> <w norm="shqipëtarëvet" lemma="shqiptar">𐖴𐖰𐖥𐖯𐖟𐖵𐖗𐖱𐖟𐖸𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="t' erdhur">𐖵’ 𐖞𐖱𐖝𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="gjendën">𐖡𐖦𐖞𐖬𐖜𐖞𐖬</w> <lb/> <w norm="mbrend'">𐖫𐖙𐖱𐖞𐖬𐖜’</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="jasthë">𐖧𐖗𐖴𐖵𐖟</w> <emph><placeName key="Q157246"> <w norm="Manastirit" lemma="Manastir">𐖄𐖗𐖬𐖗𐖳𐖵𐖥𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <emph><placeName key="Q116341"> <w norm="Korçësë" lemma="Korçë">𐖁𐖮𐖱𐖛𐖟𐖳𐖟</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <lb/> <w norm="vendlermit">𐖸𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖩𐖞𐖱𐖫𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="tim">𐖵𐖥𐖫</w> <emph><placeName key="Q16361557"> <w norm="Bythkuqit" lemma="Vithkuq">𐕲𐖻𐖶𐖨𐖷𐖰𐖥𐖵</w> </placeName></emph> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <emph><placeName key="Q10780849"> <w norm="Kolonjës" lemma="Kolonjë">𐖁𐖮𐖩𐖮𐖭𐖟𐖳</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <lb/> <emph><placeName key="Q642856"> <w norm="Përmetit" lemma="Përmet">𐖈𐖟𐖱𐖫𐖞𐖵𐖥𐖵</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <emph><placeName key="Q170244"> <w norm="Beratit" lemma="Berat">𐕲𐖞𐖱𐖗𐖵𐖥𐖵</w> </placeName></emph> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <emph><placeName> <!-- as in a region around Berat? --> <w norm="Arbërisë" lemma="Arbëri">𐕰𐖱𐖙𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖬𐖟</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <lb/> <emph><placeName key="Q159610"> <w norm="Vlorën" lemma="Vlorë">𐖑𐖩𐖮𐖱𐖟𐖳</w> </placeName></emph> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <emph><placeName key="Q611417"> <w norm="Myzeqesë" lemma="Myzeqe">𐖄𐖻𐖼𐖞𐖰𐖞𐖳𐖟</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <emph><placeName key="Q1102780"> <w norm="Çamëri" lemma="Çamëri">𐖛𐖗𐖫𐖟𐖱𐖥</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <emph><placeName key="Q622764"> <w norm="Ḫimarë" lemma="Himarë">𐕽𐖥<lb break="no"/>𐖫𐖗𐖱𐖟</w> </placeName></emph> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <emph><placeName key="Q173690"> <w norm="Gjinokastrës" lemma="Gjirokastër">𐕺𐖦𐖥𐖬𐖮𐖨𐖗𐖳𐖵𐖱𐖟𐖳</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <emph><placeName> <!-- region north of Lunxhëri --> <w norm="Rëzës" lemma="Rrëzë">𐖊𐖟𐖼𐖟𐖳</w> </placeName></emph> <lb/> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <emph><placeName key="Q28195232"> <w norm="Lunxhërisë" lemma="Lunxhëri">𐖂𐖷𐖬𐖛𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖳𐖟</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <emph><placeName> <!-- Q107052291? --> <w norm="Zağora">𐖕𐖗𐖡̆𐖮𐖱𐖗</w> </placeName></emph> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <emph><placeName key="Q22009700"> <w norm="Lajthisë" lemma="Lajthi">𐖂𐖗𐖧<lb break="no"/>𐖶𐖥𐖳𐖟</w> </placeName></emph> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <w norm="amës">𐖗𐖬𐖟𐖳</w> <emph><placeName key="Q81631"> <w norm="Tepelenit" lemma="Tepelenë">𐖎𐖞𐖯𐖞𐖩𐖞𐖬𐖥𐖵</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <w norm="menjëfjalë">𐖫𐖞𐖭𐖟𐖠𐖧𐖗<lb break="no"/>𐖩𐖟</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <emph><placeName> <w norm="Toskërisë" lemma="Toskëri">𐖎𐖮𐖳𐖨𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖳𐖟</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <emph><placeName key="Q114257"> <w norm="Elbasan">𐕷𐖩𐖙𐖗𐖳𐖗𐖬</w> </placeName></emph> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <emph><placeName> <w norm="Gegërisë" lemma="Gegëri">𐕺𐖞𐖡𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖳𐖟</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="gjith'" lemma="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶’</w> <w norm="atyreve">𐖗𐖵𐖻𐖱𐖞𐖸𐖞</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="mbajnë">𐖫𐖙𐖗𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <lb/> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="rënja">𐖱𐖟𐖭𐖗</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <placeName> <w norm="shqipërisë" lemma="Shqipëri">𐖴𐖰𐖥𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖳𐖟</w> </placeName> <w norm="të hequr">𐖵𐖟 𐖣𐖞𐖰𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të përndarë">𐖵𐖟𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖬𐖜𐖗𐖱𐖟</w><pc>.</pc> </p> <p> <emph> <w norm="Këtë">𐖁𐖟𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="Mundimje">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖫𐖧𐖞</w> </emph> <w norm="të vogël">𐖵𐖟 𐖸𐖮𐖡𐖟𐖩</w> <w norm="prej">𐖯𐖱𐖞𐖧𐖦</w> <lb/> <w norm="duarvet">𐖜𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖸𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="mia">𐖫𐖥𐖗</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="të math" lemma="i madh">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖗𐖶</w> <w norm="nder">𐖬𐖜𐖞𐖱</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të tërultm">𐖵𐖟 𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖷𐖩𐖵𐖫</w> <w norm="u a" lemma="ua">𐖷 <lb/> 𐖗</w> <w norm="faletë">𐖠𐖗𐖩𐖞𐖵𐖟</w><pc>.</pc> </p> <closer> <signed> <w norm="Nxjermësi">𐖅𐖹𐖧𐖞𐖱𐖫𐖟𐖳𐖥</w><pc>,</pc> <lb/> <persName key="Q1110673"> <w norm="Naum" lemma="Naum">𐖅𐖗𐖷𐖫</w> <w norm="P." lemma="Panajot">𐖈.</w> <w norm="Veqilḫarxhi" lemma="Veqilharxhi">𐖑𐖞𐖰𐖥𐖩𐖤𐖗𐖱𐖛𐖥</w> </persName><pc>.</pc> </signed> </closer> </div> tdajua3ttfddrxqqsqpryyidow0jvoy 1335990 1335989 2026-04-27T11:42:15Z Catonif 622571 Catonif changed the content model of the page [[TEI/Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/03]] from "wikitext" to "plain text" 1335990 text text/plain <div type="preface"> <pb n="3"/> <head> <hi style="font-size:1.5em"> <w norm="etërfaltur">𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖠𐖗𐖩𐖵𐖷𐖱</w><pc>!!</pc> </hi> </head> <p> <w norm="Gjithë" lemma="gjithë"><hi rend="dropCap">𐕺</hi>𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <emph> <w norm="Shqipërisë" lemma="Shqipëri">𐖍𐖰𐖥𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖳𐖟</w> </emph><pc>,</pc> <w norm="edhe" lemma="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="mb'" lemma="më">𐖫𐖙’</w> <w norm="emër" lemma="emër">𐖞𐖫𐖟𐖱</w><pc>:</pc> <w norm="gjithë" lemma="gjithë">𐕺𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <lb/> <w norm="shqipëtarëvet" lemma="shqiptar">𐖴𐖰𐖥𐖯𐖟𐖵𐖗𐖱𐖟𐖸𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="t' erdhur">𐖵’ 𐖞𐖱𐖝𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="gjendën">𐖡𐖦𐖞𐖬𐖜𐖞𐖬</w> <lb/> <w norm="mbrend'">𐖫𐖙𐖱𐖞𐖬𐖜’</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="jasthë">𐖧𐖗𐖴𐖵𐖟</w> <emph><placeName key="Q157246"> <w norm="Manastirit" lemma="Manastir">𐖄𐖗𐖬𐖗𐖳𐖵𐖥𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <emph><placeName key="Q116341"> <w norm="Korçësë" lemma="Korçë">𐖁𐖮𐖱𐖛𐖟𐖳𐖟</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <lb/> <w norm="vendlermit">𐖸𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖩𐖞𐖱𐖫𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="tim">𐖵𐖥𐖫</w> <emph><placeName key="Q16361557"> <w norm="Bythkuqit" lemma="Vithkuq">𐕲𐖻𐖶𐖨𐖷𐖰𐖥𐖵</w> </placeName></emph> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <emph><placeName key="Q10780849"> <w norm="Kolonjës" lemma="Kolonjë">𐖁𐖮𐖩𐖮𐖭𐖟𐖳</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <lb/> <emph><placeName key="Q642856"> <w norm="Përmetit" lemma="Përmet">𐖈𐖟𐖱𐖫𐖞𐖵𐖥𐖵</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <emph><placeName key="Q170244"> <w norm="Beratit" lemma="Berat">𐕲𐖞𐖱𐖗𐖵𐖥𐖵</w> </placeName></emph> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <emph><placeName> <!-- as in a region around Berat? --> <w norm="Arbërisë" lemma="Arbëri">𐕰𐖱𐖙𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖬𐖟</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <lb/> <emph><placeName key="Q159610"> <w norm="Vlorën" lemma="Vlorë">𐖑𐖩𐖮𐖱𐖟𐖳</w> </placeName></emph> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <emph><placeName key="Q611417"> <w norm="Myzeqesë" lemma="Myzeqe">𐖄𐖻𐖼𐖞𐖰𐖞𐖳𐖟</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <emph><placeName key="Q1102780"> <w norm="Çamëri" lemma="Çamëri">𐖛𐖗𐖫𐖟𐖱𐖥</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <emph><placeName key="Q622764"> <w norm="Ḫimarë" lemma="Himarë">𐕽𐖥<lb break="no"/>𐖫𐖗𐖱𐖟</w> </placeName></emph> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <emph><placeName key="Q173690"> <w norm="Gjinokastrës" lemma="Gjirokastër">𐕺𐖦𐖥𐖬𐖮𐖨𐖗𐖳𐖵𐖱𐖟𐖳</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <emph><placeName> <!-- region north of Lunxhëri --> <w norm="Rëzës" lemma="Rrëzë">𐖊𐖟𐖼𐖟𐖳</w> </placeName></emph> <lb/> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <emph><placeName key="Q28195232"> <w norm="Lunxhërisë" lemma="Lunxhëri">𐖂𐖷𐖬𐖛𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖳𐖟</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <emph><placeName> <!-- Q107052291? --> <w norm="Zağora">𐖕𐖗𐖡̆𐖮𐖱𐖗</w> </placeName></emph> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <emph><placeName key="Q22009700"> <w norm="Lajthisë" lemma="Lajthi">𐖂𐖗𐖧<lb break="no"/>𐖶𐖥𐖳𐖟</w> </placeName></emph> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <w norm="amës">𐖗𐖬𐖟𐖳</w> <emph><placeName key="Q81631"> <w norm="Tepelenit" lemma="Tepelenë">𐖎𐖞𐖯𐖞𐖩𐖞𐖬𐖥𐖵</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <w norm="menjëfjalë">𐖫𐖞𐖭𐖟𐖠𐖧𐖗<lb break="no"/>𐖩𐖟</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <emph><placeName> <w norm="Toskërisë" lemma="Toskëri">𐖎𐖮𐖳𐖨𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖳𐖟</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <emph><placeName key="Q114257"> <w norm="Elbasan">𐕷𐖩𐖙𐖗𐖳𐖗𐖬</w> </placeName></emph> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <emph><placeName> <w norm="Gegërisë" lemma="Gegëri">𐕺𐖞𐖡𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖳𐖟</w> </placeName></emph><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="gjith'" lemma="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶’</w> <w norm="atyreve">𐖗𐖵𐖻𐖱𐖞𐖸𐖞</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="mbajnë">𐖫𐖙𐖗𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <lb/> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="rënja">𐖱𐖟𐖭𐖗</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <placeName> <w norm="shqipërisë" lemma="Shqipëri">𐖴𐖰𐖥𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖳𐖟</w> </placeName> <w norm="të hequr">𐖵𐖟 𐖣𐖞𐖰𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të përndarë">𐖵𐖟𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖬𐖜𐖗𐖱𐖟</w><pc>.</pc> </p> <p> <emph> <w norm="Këtë">𐖁𐖟𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="Mundimje">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖫𐖧𐖞</w> </emph> <w norm="të vogël">𐖵𐖟 𐖸𐖮𐖡𐖟𐖩</w> <w norm="prej">𐖯𐖱𐖞𐖧𐖦</w> <lb/> <w norm="duarvet">𐖜𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖸𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="mia">𐖫𐖥𐖗</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="të math" lemma="i madh">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖗𐖶</w> <w norm="nder">𐖬𐖜𐖞𐖱</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të tërultm">𐖵𐖟 𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖷𐖩𐖵𐖫</w> <w norm="u a" lemma="ua">𐖷 <lb/> 𐖗</w> <w norm="faletë">𐖠𐖗𐖩𐖞𐖵𐖟</w><pc>.</pc> </p> <closer> <signed> <w norm="Nxjermësi">𐖅𐖹𐖧𐖞𐖱𐖫𐖟𐖳𐖥</w><pc>,</pc> <lb/> <persName key="Q1110673"> <w norm="Naum" lemma="Naum">𐖅𐖗𐖷𐖫</w> <w norm="P." lemma="Panajot">𐖈.</w> <w norm="Veqilḫarxhi" lemma="Veqilharxhi">𐖑𐖞𐖰𐖥𐖩𐖤𐖗𐖱𐖛𐖥</w> </persName><pc>.</pc> </signed> </closer> </div> tdajua3ttfddrxqqsqpryyidow0jvoy 0 450633 1335991 2026-04-27T11:43:10Z Catonif 622571 auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335991 wikitext text/x-wiki <div> <pb n="4"/> <lg> <l> <w norm="As njeri" lemma="asnjeri"><hi rend="dropCap">𐕰</hi>𐖳 𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖥</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="mënt">𐖫𐖟𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="të vet">𐖵𐖟𐖸𐖞𐖵</w> </l> <l> <w norm="Të">𐖎𐖟</w> <w norm="mos">𐖫𐖮𐖳</w> <w norm="mburet">𐖫𐖙𐖷𐖱𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="deç">𐖜𐖞𐖛</w> <w norm="gjet">𐖡𐖦𐖞𐖵</w> </l> <l> <w norm="Se">𐖌𐖞</w> <w norm="padashm">𐖯𐖗𐖜𐖗𐖴𐖫</w> <w norm="të madhit">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖗𐖝𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="zot">𐖼𐖮𐖵</w> <!-- unintelligible punctuation mark? --> </l> <l> <w norm="Fletë">𐕹𐖩𐖞𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="drurit">𐖜𐖱𐖷𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="sbie">𐖳𐖙𐖥𐖞</w> <w norm="dot">𐖜𐖮𐖵</w><pc>.</pc> </l> </lg> <figure> <lg> <l> <w norm="digjem">𐖜𐖥𐖡𐖦𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="tretem">𐖵𐖱𐖞𐖵𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="mb'">𐖫𐖙’</w> <w norm="erë">𐖞𐖱𐖟</w> </l> <l> <w norm="të punonj">𐖵𐖟 𐖯𐖷𐖬𐖮𐖭</w> <w norm="të tjerë">𐖵𐖟𐖵𐖧𐖞𐖱𐖟</w><pc>.</pc> </l> </lg> </figure> </div> 4bdmiyp2120rjd9it0z1r3wl0vohclf 1335992 1335991 2026-04-27T11:43:23Z Catonif 622571 Catonif changed the content model of the page [[TEI/Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/04]] from "wikitext" to "plain text" 1335992 text text/plain <div> <pb n="4"/> <lg> <l> <w norm="As njeri" lemma="asnjeri"><hi rend="dropCap">𐕰</hi>𐖳 𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖥</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="mënt">𐖫𐖟𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="të vet">𐖵𐖟𐖸𐖞𐖵</w> </l> <l> <w norm="Të">𐖎𐖟</w> <w norm="mos">𐖫𐖮𐖳</w> <w norm="mburet">𐖫𐖙𐖷𐖱𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="deç">𐖜𐖞𐖛</w> <w norm="gjet">𐖡𐖦𐖞𐖵</w> </l> <l> <w norm="Se">𐖌𐖞</w> <w norm="padashm">𐖯𐖗𐖜𐖗𐖴𐖫</w> <w norm="të madhit">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖗𐖝𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="zot">𐖼𐖮𐖵</w> <!-- unintelligible punctuation mark? --> </l> <l> <w norm="Fletë">𐕹𐖩𐖞𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="drurit">𐖜𐖱𐖷𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="sbie">𐖳𐖙𐖥𐖞</w> <w norm="dot">𐖜𐖮𐖵</w><pc>.</pc> </l> </lg> <figure> <lg> <l> <w norm="digjem">𐖜𐖥𐖡𐖦𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="tretem">𐖵𐖱𐖞𐖵𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="mb'">𐖫𐖙’</w> <w norm="erë">𐖞𐖱𐖟</w> </l> <l> <w norm="të punonj">𐖵𐖟 𐖯𐖷𐖬𐖮𐖭</w> <w norm="të tjerë">𐖵𐖟𐖵𐖧𐖞𐖱𐖟</w><pc>.</pc> </l> </lg> </figure> </div> 4bdmiyp2120rjd9it0z1r3wl0vohclf 0 450634 1335993 2026-04-27T11:44:30Z Catonif 622571 auto summary: New page created (no summary given) 1335993 wikitext text/x-wiki <div> <pb n="5"/> <head> <lb n="1"/> <hi style="font-size:3em"> <w norm="eparthënme">𐖞𐖯𐖗𐖱𐖶𐖟𐖬𐖫𐖞</w><pc>.</pc> </hi> <lb n="2"/> <hi style="font-size:1.6em"> <w norm="Për mbi" lemma="përmbi">𐖈𐖟𐖱 𐖫𐖙𐖥</w> <w norm="djelmt">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫𐖵</w> <w norm="e rinj">𐖞 𐖱𐖥𐖭</w> <w norm="Shqipëtarë">𐖍𐖰𐖥𐖯𐖟𐖵𐖗𐖱𐖟</w><pc>!</pc> </hi> </head> <p> <lb n="3"/> <w norm="Perëndia"><hi rend="dropCap">𐖈</hi>𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖗</w> <choice> <corr><w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w></corr> <sic><w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w></sic> </choice> <w norm="të math">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖗𐖶</w> <w norm="të ti">𐖵𐖟 𐖵𐖥</w> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <lb n="4"/> <w norm="bëri">𐖙𐖟𐖱𐖥</w> <w norm="Njerinë">𐖆𐖞𐖱𐖥𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="mbi">𐖫𐖙𐖥</w> <w norm="dhe">𐖝𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="fali">𐖠𐖗𐖩𐖥</w> <lb n="5"/> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="të madhen">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖗𐖝𐖞𐖬</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="të vjyetmen">𐖵𐖟 𐖸𐖧𐖻𐖞𐖵𐖫𐖞𐖬</w> <lb n="6"/> <w norm="të falme">𐖵𐖟 𐖠𐖗𐖩𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="munt">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="bënet">𐖙𐖟𐖬𐖞𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <lb n="7"/> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="do">𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="thënë">𐖶𐖟𐖬𐖟</w><pc>:</pc> <choice> <sic><w norm="mëndjën">𐖫𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖧𐖟𐖬</w></sic> <corr><w norm="mëndjen">𐖫𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖬</w></corr> <!-- scribbled final ⟨𐖬⟩ --> </choice><pc>,</pc> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <lb n="8"/> <w norm="atë">𐖗𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mundnjë">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="njohë">𐖭𐖮𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <lb n="9"/> <w norm="çvjejnë">𐖛𐖸𐖧𐖞𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="eç">𐖞𐖛</w> <w norm="shohën">𐖴𐖮𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="fatmirmen">𐖠𐖗𐖵𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖫𐖞𐖬</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="të mirën">𐖵𐖟 <lb n="10"/> 𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="e ti">𐖞 𐖵𐖥</w><pc>.</pc> <!-- scribbled ⟨𐖞⟩ --> <w norm="Më">𐖄𐖟</w> <w norm="të mirën">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="gjë">𐖡𐖦𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="njohu">𐖭𐖮𐖣𐖷</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="kupëtojti">𐖨𐖷<lb n="11" break="no"/>𐖯𐖟𐖵𐖮𐖧𐖵𐖥</w> <w norm="ay">𐖗𐖻</w> <w norm="njerin">𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖥𐖷</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="ish">𐖥𐖴</w> <w norm="të mpsuarit">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="pat">𐖯𐖗𐖵</w> <lb n="12"/> <choice> <sic><w norm="aujdhes">𐖗𐖷𐖧𐖜𐖞𐖳</w></sic> <corr><w norm="kujdhes">𐖨𐖷𐖧𐖜𐖞𐖳</w></corr> </choice> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="egjet">𐖞𐖡𐖦𐖞𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <!-- spot on the ⟨𐖡⟩ --> <w norm="ju">𐖧𐖷</w> <w norm="pushtua">𐖯𐖷𐖴𐖵𐖷𐖗</w> <w norm="ngjit">𐖬𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="shtërnguarë">𐖴𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖬𐖡𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <lb n="13"/> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="veç">𐖸𐖞𐖛</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="kohë">𐖨𐖮𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="dhuallë">𐖜𐖷𐖗𐖪𐖟</w> <w norm="kaqe">𐖨𐖗𐖰𐖞</w> <w norm="bura">𐕲𐖷𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="të ditur">𐖵𐖟 𐖜𐖥𐖵𐖷𐖱</w> <lb n="14"/> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="tërndriçim">𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖬𐖜𐖱𐖥𐖛𐖥𐖫</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w norm="sofonj">𐖳𐖮𐖠𐖮𐖭</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="njerëzia">𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖼𐖥𐖗</w> <w norm="zunë">𐖼𐖷𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <lb n="15"/> <w norm="dalënë">𐖜𐖗𐖩𐖟𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="të egërsirit">𐖵𐖟 𐖞𐖡𐖟𐖱𐖳𐖥𐖫𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="e tyre">𐖞 𐖵𐖻𐖱𐖞</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="patnë">𐖯𐖗𐖵𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="pasur">𐖯𐖗𐖳𐖷𐖱</w> <lb n="16"/> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="herje">𐖣𐖞𐖱𐖧𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="hapen">𐖣𐖗𐖯𐖞𐖬</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="t·holonen">𐖵𐖣𐖮𐖪𐖮𐖬𐖞𐖬</w> <!-- typo? --> <w norm="mendje">𐖫𐖞𐖬𐖜𐖧𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="sindërku">𐖳𐖥𐖬<lb n="17" break="no"/>𐖜𐖟𐖱𐖨𐖷</w>, <w norm="duket">𐖜𐖷𐖨𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="mbëç">𐖫𐖙𐖟𐖛</w> <w norm="qendrim">𐖰𐖞𐖬𐖜𐖱𐖥𐖫</w> <w norm="të qyteçm">𐖵𐖟 𐖰𐖻𐖵𐖞𐖛𐖫</w> <note n="I." type="gloss" place="bottom"> <w norm="Parpleqtë">𐖈𐖗𐖱𐖯𐖨𐖞𐖰𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="tanë">𐖵𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="qytet">𐖰𐖻𐖵𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="thoshin">𐖶𐖮𐖴𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="Politisë">𐖈𐖮𐖩𐖥𐖵𐖥𐖳𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="themi">𐖶𐖞𐖫𐖥</w> <pb n="6"/> <w norm="ne">𐖬𐖞</w> <w norm="sot">𐖳𐖮𐖵</w> <w norm="sheher">𐖴𐖞𐖣𐖞𐖱</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="kasaba">𐖨𐖗𐖳𐖗𐖙𐖗</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="para">𐖯𐖗𐖱𐖗</w> <!-- sign on the ⟨𐖗⟩ --> <w norm="është">𐖟𐖴𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="gërqisht">𐖡𐖟𐖱𐖰𐖥𐖴𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <lb/> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të dytat">𐖵𐖟 𐖜𐖻𐖵𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="janë">𐖧𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="turqisht">𐖵𐖷𐖱𐖰𐖥𐖴𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="sindërku">𐖳𐖥𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖱𐖨𐖷</w> <w norm="grekërit">𐖡𐖱𐖞𐖨𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <lb/> <w xml:lang="el" norm="πολιτεία">𐖯𐖮𐖩𐖥𐖵𐖥𐖗</w> <w norm="bënë">𐖙𐖟𐖬𐖟</w> <w xml:lang="el" norm="πολιτισμόν">𐖯𐖮𐖩𐖥𐖵𐖥𐖳𐖫𐖮𐖬</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="ashtu">𐖗𐖴𐖵𐖷</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="unë">𐖷𐖬𐖟</w> <!-- dot after word? --> <w norm="skujtonj">𐖳𐖨𐖷𐖧𐖵𐖮𐖭</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="bëra">𐖙𐖟<lb break="no"/>𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="liksh">𐖩𐖥𐖨𐖴</w> <w norm="tek">𐖵𐖞𐖨</w> <w norm="bëra">𐖙𐖟𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="qyteçm">𐖰𐖻𐖵𐖞𐖛𐖫</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="munt">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="thotë">𐖶𐖮𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="njeri">𐖭𐖞<lb break="no"/>𐖱𐖥</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <choice> <sic><w norm="qiytet">𐖰𐖥𐖻𐖵𐖞𐖵</w></sic> <corr><w norm="qytet">𐖰𐖻𐖵𐖞𐖵</w></corr> </choice> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="thoshin">𐖶𐖮𐖴𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="kalasë">𐖨𐖗𐖩𐖗𐖳𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="besohet">𐖙𐖞𐖳𐖮𐖣𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="jetë">𐖧𐖞𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="ahstu">𐖗𐖴<lb break="no"/>𐖵𐖷</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="unë">𐖷𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="sikur">𐖳𐖥𐖨𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w><w norm="di">𐖜𐖥</w> <w norm="mirë">𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="se">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="kalasë">𐖨𐖗𐖩𐖗𐖳𐖟</w> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="thoshin">𐖶𐖮𐖴𐖬𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="murnim">𐖫𐖷𐖱𐖬𐖥<lb break="no"/>𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="forcomje">𐖠𐖮𐖱𐖚𐖮𐖫𐖧𐖞</w> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="gjithkëtë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖨𐖟𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="kushdo">𐖨𐖷𐖴𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="munt">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖵</w> <lb/> <w norm="ta">𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="njoḫnjë">𐖭𐖮𐖤𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="mirë">𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="lutem">𐖩𐖷𐖵𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="ma">𐖫𐖗</w> <w norm="bënë">𐖙𐖟𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="të ditur">𐖵𐖟 𐖜𐖥𐖵𐖷𐖱</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <lb/> <w norm="ja">𐖧𐖗</w> <w norm="di">𐖜𐖥</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="mirë">𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="munt">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="dovinjme">𐖜𐖮𐖸𐖥𐖭𐖫𐖞</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w xml:lang="el" norm="μέλλον">𐖫𐖞𐖪𐖮𐖬</w><pc>,</pc> <lb/> <w xml:lang="el" norm="ἐρχόμενον">𐖞𐖱𐖤𐖮𐖫𐖞𐖬𐖮𐖬</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="përndreqim">𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖬𐖜𐖱𐖞𐖰𐖞𐖫</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="jo">𐖧𐖮</w> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="këtë">𐖨𐖟𐖵𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <lb/> <w norm="çdo">𐖛𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="njohën">𐖭𐖮𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="kanë">𐖨𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="vendit">𐖸𐖞𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖬</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="zoti">𐖼𐖮𐖵𐖥</w> <lb/> <w norm="qielve">𐖰𐖥𐖞𐖩𐖸𐖞</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w>𐖡𐖗𐖙𐖮𐖬</w><pc>.</pc> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w norm="lajthit">𐖩𐖗𐖧𐖶𐖥𐖵</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> </note> <w norm="ariti">𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵𐖥</w><pc>.</pc> </p> <pb n="6"/> <p> <lb n="1"/> <w norm="Se">𐖌𐖞</w> <w norm="të mirën">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="çdo">𐖛𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="njeriut">𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖥𐖷𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="sijel">𐖳𐖥𐖧𐖞𐖩</w> <w norm="drita">𐖜𐖱𐖥𐖵𐖗</w> <lb n="2"/> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të mpsuarit">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="s'">𐖳’</w> <w norm="ësht'">𐖟𐖴𐖵’</w> <w norm="as një">𐖗𐖳 𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="ndëdyyshme">𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖜𐖻𐖻𐖴𐖫𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <lb n="3"/> <w norm="shohëm">𐖴𐖮𐖣𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <w norm="farët">𐖠𐖗𐖱𐖟𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="çdo">𐖛𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="njerësve">𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖳𐖸𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="mundohen">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖮<lb n="4" break="no"/>𐖣𐖞𐖬</w> <w norm="pa">𐖯𐖗</w> <w norm="reshtur">𐖱𐖞𐖴𐖵𐖷𐖱</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mundnjënë">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖭𐖟𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="ndërtojnë">𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖱𐖵𐖮𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <lb n="5"/> <w norm="shtojnë">𐖴𐖵𐖮𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhët">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="e tyre">𐖞 𐖵𐖻𐖱𐖞</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="të mpsuarit">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w><pc>.</pc> </p> <p> <lb n="6"/> <w norm="Po">𐖈𐖮</w> <w norm="fort">𐖠𐖮𐖱𐖵</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="çuditur">𐖛𐖷𐖜𐖥𐖵𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="është">𐖟𐖴𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <w norm="ne">𐖬𐖞</w> <lb n="7"/> <w norm="shqipëtarët">𐖴𐖰𐖥𐖯𐖟𐖵𐖗𐖱𐖟𐖵</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="jemi">𐖧𐖞𐖫𐖥</w> <w norm="mbetur">𐖫𐖙𐖞𐖵𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="kaqe">𐖨𐖗𐖰𐖞</w> <w norm="të ndarë">𐖵𐖟 𐖬𐖜𐖗𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të pangjajm">𐖵𐖟 <lb n="8"/> 𐖯𐖗𐖬𐖡𐖦𐖗𐖧𐖫</w> <w norm="farëvet">𐖠𐖗𐖱𐖟𐖸𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="të dhjera">𐖵𐖟 𐖵𐖧𐖞𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="pa">𐖯𐖗</w> <w norm="pasur">𐖯𐖗𐖳𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="fare">𐖠𐖗𐖱𐖞</w> <w norm="të kënduar">𐖵𐖟 <lb n="9"/> 𐖨𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖷𐖗𐖱</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të shkruar">𐖵𐖟 𐖴𐖨𐖱𐖷𐖗𐖱</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhë">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="tënë">𐖵𐖟𐖬𐖟</w><pc>?</pc> <w norm="Si">𐖌𐖥</w> <w norm="ka">𐖨𐖗</w> <w norm="duruar">𐖜𐖷<lb n="10" break="no"/>𐖱𐖷𐖗𐖱</w> <w norm="këjo">𐖨𐖟𐖧𐖮</w> <w norm="dora">𐖜𐖮𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="e shqipëtarëve">𐖞 𐖴𐖰𐖥𐖯𐖟𐖵𐖗𐖱𐖟𐖸𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="jetë">𐖧𐖞𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mbetur">𐖫𐖙𐖞𐖵𐖷𐖱</w> <lb n="11"/> <w norm="ndënë">𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="të përqeshmit">𐖵𐖟 𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖰𐖞𐖴𐖫𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="e botësë">𐖞 𐖙𐖮𐖵𐖟𐖳𐖟</w> <w norm="huaj">𐖣𐖷𐖗𐖧𐖦</w><pc>?</pc> <w norm="Më">𐖄𐖟</w> <w norm="e madhea">𐖞 𐖫𐖗<lb n="12" break="no"/>𐖝𐖞𐖗</w> <w norm="është">𐖟𐖴𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="ka">𐖨𐖗</w> <w norm="njohur">𐖭𐖮𐖣𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="shtërgimnë">𐖴𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖬𐖡𐖥𐖫𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <lb n="13"/> <w norm="ka">𐖨𐖗</w> <w norm="pasurë">𐖯𐖗𐖳𐖷𐖱𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="le">𐖩𐖞</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="kanë">𐖨𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="mundur">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="punohen">𐖯𐖷𐖬𐖮𐖣𐖞𐖬</w> <lb n="14"/> <w norm="tyke">𐖵𐖻𐖨𐖞</w> <w norm="shkruar">𐖴𐖨𐖱𐖷𐖗𐖱</w> <w norm="njëritjetërit">𐖭𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖵𐖧𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhë">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="të vet">𐖵𐖟 𐖸𐖞𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <pb n="7"/> <lb n="1"/> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="as">𐖗𐖳</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mundnjën">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖭𐖟𐖬</w> <!-- or 𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖝𐖭𐖟𐖬? --> <w norm="ti">𐖵𐖥</w> <w norm="falen">𐖠𐖗𐖩𐖞𐖬</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="ti">𐖵𐖥</w> <w norm="luten">𐖩𐖷𐖵𐖞𐖬</w> <w norm="zotit">𐖼𐖮𐖵𐖥𐖵</w> <lb n="2"/> <w norm="perëndisë">𐖯𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖳𐖟</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="atë">𐖗𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhë">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="sicili">𐖳𐖥𐖚𐖥𐖪𐖥</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w><w norm="mpsojti">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖮𐖧𐖵𐖥</w> <w norm="tyke">𐖵𐖻𐖨𐖞</w> <w norm="pirë">𐖯𐖥𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="sisën">𐖳𐖥𐖳𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="e qumështit">𐖞 𐖰𐖷𐖫𐖟𐖴𐖵𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="e s' ëmësë">𐖞 𐖳’ 𐖟𐖫𐖟𐖳𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <lb n="3"/> <w norm="gjith">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶</w> <w norm="bota">𐖙𐖮𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="tjetër">𐖵𐖧𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖱</w><pc>.</pc> <w norm="Fjala">𐕹𐖧𐖗𐖩𐖗</w> <w norm="ime">𐖥𐖫𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="o">𐖮</w> <w norm="djelm">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫</w><pc>!</pc> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="është">𐖟𐖴𐖵𐖟</w> <lb n="4"/> <w norm="se pse">𐖳𐖞 𐖯𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="patnë">𐖯𐖗𐖵𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="të shkruare">𐖵𐖟 𐖴𐖨𐖱𐖷𐖗𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhë">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="tënë">𐖵𐖟𐖬𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <lb n="5"/> <w norm="mbetmë">𐖫𐖙𐖦𐖵𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="pa">𐖯𐖗</w> <w norm="mpsuarë">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhë">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="të tjetra">𐖵𐖟𐖵𐖧𐖞𐖱𐖗</w><pc>?</pc> <w norm="dihet">𐖜𐖥𐖣𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="nxinim">𐖬𐖹𐖥𐖬𐖥𐖫</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="punoheshim">𐖯𐖷𐖬𐖮𐖣𐖞𐖴𐖥𐖫</w> <w norm="jo">𐖧𐖮</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="pirë">𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="poç'">𐖯𐖮𐖛’</w> <w norm="fitim">𐖠𐖥𐖵𐖥𐖫</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <lb n="6"/> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="fort">𐖠𐖮𐖱𐖵</w> <w norm="pak">𐖯𐖗𐖨</w> <w norm="kishin">𐖨𐖥𐖴𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="kanë">𐖨𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="atë">𐖗𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="pat">𐖠𐖗𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="shumica">𐖴𐖷<lb n="7" break="no"/>𐖫𐖥𐖚𐖗</w> <!-- dissimilar 𐖚 shape --> <w norm="tjetër">𐖵𐖧𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="dergjej">𐖜𐖞𐖱𐖡𐖦𐖞𐖧𐖦</w> <choice> <corr><w norm="nd'">𐖬𐖜’</w></corr> <sic><w norm="ndh'">𐖬𐖝’</w></sic> </choice> <w norm="erësirë">𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖳𐖥𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="të pampsuarit">𐖵𐖟𐖯𐖗𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗<lb n="8" break="no"/>𐖱𐖥𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e vetë">𐖞 𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="dinin">𐖜𐖥𐖬𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="njiḫin">𐖭𐖥𐖤𐖬𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="seç">𐖳𐖞𐖛</w> <w norm="hiqin">𐖣𐖥𐖰𐖥𐖬</w><pc>.</pc> <w norm="sare">𐕹𐖗𐖱𐖞</w> <lb n="9"/> <w norm="lehët">𐖩𐖞𐖣𐖟𐖵</w> <w norm="mund">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜</w> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <w norm="cilli">𐖚𐖥𐖪𐖥</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="njohë">𐖭𐖮𐖣𐖟</w> <!-- dot on 𐖭 --> <w norm="lesimnë">𐖩𐖞𐖳𐖥𐖫𐖬𐖟</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w xml:lang="el" norm="εὐκολία">𐖞𐖠𐖨𐖮𐖩𐖥𐖗</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <lb n="10"/> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="ka">𐖨𐖗</w> <w norm="çdo">𐖛𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="farë">𐖠𐖗𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="e njerëzve">𐖞 𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖼𐖸𐖞</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mpsonjë">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖮𐖭𐖟</w> <lb n="11"/> <w norm="të mpsuarit">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhë">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="të vet">𐖵𐖟 𐖸𐖞𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="djali">𐖜𐖥𐖗𐖩𐖥</w> <w norm="pa">𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="do">𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="i vogël">𐖥 <lb n="12"/> 𐖸𐖮𐖡𐖟𐖩</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="jetë">𐖧𐖞𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <w norm="mundimnë">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖫𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të rëndit">𐖵𐖟 𐖱𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="do">𐖜𐖮</w> <lb n="13"/> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="ketë">𐖨𐖞𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="sa">𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="nxërë">𐖬𐖹𐖟𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="shënimet">𐖴𐖟𐖬𐖥𐖫𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të foltmit">𐖵𐖟 𐖠𐖮𐖩𐖵𐖫𐖥𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="do">𐖜𐖮</w> <lb n="14"/> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="thënë">𐖶𐖟𐖬𐖟</w><pc>:</pc> <w norm="ëvet">𐖟𐖸𐖞𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="pastaj">𐖯𐖗𐖳𐖵𐖗𐖧</w> <w norm="gjuhën">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="duhet">𐖜𐖷𐖣𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="ta">𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="mpsonjë">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖮<lb n="15" break="no"/>𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="eka">𐖞𐖨𐖗</w> <w norm="të lertë">𐖵𐖟 𐖩𐖞𐖱𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="mëm'">𐖫𐖟𐖫’</w> <w norm="e ti">𐖞𐖵𐖥</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="çdo">𐖛𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="kartë">𐖨𐖗𐖱<lb n="16" break="no"/>𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="marë">𐖫𐖗𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="ndë">𐖬𐖜𐖟</w> <w norm="dorë">𐖜𐖮𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="këndon">𐖨𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖮𐖬</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="kupëton">𐖨𐖷<lb n="17" break="no"/>𐖯𐖟𐖵𐖮𐖬</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="kur">𐖨𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="të arinjë">𐖵𐖟 𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="mpsomjet">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖮𐖫𐖧𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="lartëra">𐖞 𐖩𐖗𐖱<lb n="18" break="no"/>𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="përsëri">𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖳𐖟𐖱𐖥</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhë">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="të ti">𐖵𐖟 𐖵𐖥</w> <w norm="çpejt">𐖛𐖯𐖞𐖧𐖵</w> <w norm="mer">𐖫𐖞𐖱</w> <w norm="përpara">𐖯𐖟𐖱<lb n="19" break="no"/>𐖯𐖗𐖱𐖗</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="pastaj">𐖯𐖗𐖳𐖵𐖗𐖧</w> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="njohë">𐖭𐖮𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhën">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="e ti">𐖞 𐖵𐖥</w> <w norm="mirë">𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟</w> <lb n="20"/> <w norm="apë">𐖗𐖯𐖟</w> <w norm="dora">𐖜𐖮𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="përindërve">𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖱𐖸𐖞</w> <w norm="ti">𐖵𐖥</w><pc>.</pc> <w norm="mbë">𐖄𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <w norm="anët">𐖗𐖬𐖟𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞 <lb n="21"/> 𐖧𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖳</w> <w norm="dihet">𐖜𐖥𐖣𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuh'">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣’</w> <w norm="e vëndit">𐖞 𐖸𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="parnderjet">𐖯𐖗𐖱𐖬𐖜𐖞𐖱𐖧𐖞𐖵</w> <!-- typo for 𐖯𐖗𐖱𐖗𐖬𐖜𐖞𐖱𐖧𐖞𐖵 or 𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖬𐖜𐖞𐖱𐖧𐖞𐖵? --> <pb n="8"/> <lb n="1"/> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w norm="protimite">𐖯𐖱𐖮𐖵𐖥𐖫𐖥𐖵𐖞</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="është">𐖟𐖴𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="e duëshme">𐖞𐖜𐖷𐖟𐖴𐖫𐖞</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w norm="iktizallie">𐖥𐖨𐖵𐖥𐖼𐖗𐖪𐖥𐖞</w> <!-- ??? --> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <lb n="2"/> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të huajat">𐖵𐖟 𐖣𐖷𐖗𐖧𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="janë">𐖧𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="fort">𐖠𐖮𐖱𐖵</w> <w norm="pak">𐖯𐖗𐖨</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="kanë">𐖨𐖗<lb n="3" break="no"/>𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="bëjnë">𐖙𐖟𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="jashtmit">𐖧𐖗𐖴𐖵𐖫𐖥𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="jashtmit">𐖧𐖗𐖴𐖵𐖫𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="gjuhën">𐖡𐖦𐖷<lb n="4" break="no"/>𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="tënë">𐖵𐖟𐖬𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="kenë">𐖨𐖞𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="shtërngim">𐖴𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖬𐖡𐖥𐖫</w> <w norm="do">𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="mpsojnë">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖮𐖧𐖬𐖟</w><pc>.</pc> <w norm="Është">𐕸𐖴𐖵𐖟</w> <lb n="5"/> <w norm="tepër">𐖵𐖞𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="ngjatem">𐖬𐖡𐖦𐖗𐖵𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="këtë">𐖨𐖟𐖵𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="i math">𐖥 𐖫𐖗𐖶</w> <w norm="i vogël">𐖥 𐖸𐖮𐖡𐖟𐖩</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="njeḫ">𐖭𐖞𐖤</w><pc>,</pc> <lb n="6"/> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="ahstu">𐖗𐖴𐖵𐖷</w> <w norm="le">𐖩𐖞</w> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <w norm="cinë">𐖚𐖥𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="ta">𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="gjykonjë">𐖡𐖦𐖻𐖨𐖮𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="ta">𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="përgjukonjë">𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖨𐖮𐖭𐖟</w> <!-- 𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖡𐖦𐖻𐖨𐖮𐖭𐖟? --> <lb n="7"/> <choice> <corr><w norm="nd'">𐖬𐖜’</w></corr> <sic><w norm="ndh'">𐖬𐖝’</w></sic> </choice> <w norm="është">𐖟𐖴𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="kështu">𐖨𐖟𐖴𐖵𐖷</w><pc>.</pc> <w norm="Me">𐖄𐖞</w> <w norm="gjith">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶</w> <w norm="këtë">𐖨𐖟𐖵𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="gjat">𐖡𐖦𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="gjërë">𐖡𐖦𐖟𐖱𐖟</w> <lb n="8"/> <w norm="munt">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="ta">𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="thëres">𐖶𐖟𐖱𐖞𐖳</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="tarëfenj">𐖵𐖗𐖱𐖟𐖠𐖞𐖭</w> <w norm="mundimn'">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖫𐖬’</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="mkotë">𐖫𐖨𐖮𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="kanë">𐖨𐖗<lb n="9" break="no"/>𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="hequr">𐖣𐖞𐖰𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="heqin">𐖣𐖞𐖰𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="djemtë">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="shqipëtare">𐖴𐖰𐖥𐖯𐖟𐖵𐖗𐖱𐖟</w> <pc>(</pc><w norm="tyke">𐖵𐖻𐖨𐖞</w> <w norm="foltur">𐖠𐖮𐖩𐖵𐖷𐖱</w> <lb n="10"/> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="gjithimjen">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖥𐖫𐖧𐖞𐖬</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w xml:lang="el" norm="γενικός">𐖧𐖞𐖬𐖥𐖨𐖮𐖳</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="të dhënit">𐖵𐖟 𐖝𐖟𐖬𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të mpsuarit">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <lb n="11"/> <w norm="gjuhëve">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟𐖸𐖞</w> <w norm="huaj">𐖣𐖷𐖗𐖧𐖦</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="gjer">𐖡𐖦𐖞𐖱</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mpsojnë">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖮𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="këndojnë">𐖨𐖟𐖬<lb n="12" break="no"/>𐖜𐖮𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="shkruajnë">𐖴𐖨𐖱𐖷𐖗𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="mirë">𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="duhenë">𐖜𐖷𐖣𐖞𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="dy">𐖜𐖻</w> <w norm="tri">𐖵𐖱𐖥</w> <w norm="vjet">𐖸𐖧𐖞𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <lb n="13"/> <w norm="sa">𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mpsojnë">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖮𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="ca">𐖚𐖗</w> <w norm="gjuhën">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="atë">𐖗𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="thuajnë">𐖣𐖷𐖗𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="shkonin">𐖴𐖨𐖮𐖬𐖥𐖬</w> <lb n="14"/> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="aqe">𐖗𐖰𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="ndë">𐖬𐖜𐖟</w> <w norm="funt">𐖠𐖷𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="të hequr">𐖵𐖟 𐖣𐖞𐖰𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <lb n="15"/> <w norm="mpsuarit">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="dinë">𐖜𐖥𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="fare">𐖠𐖗𐖱𐖞</w> <w norm="gjë">𐖡𐖦𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="këjo">𐖨𐖟𐖧𐖮</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="ësht">𐖟𐖴𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="gënjeshtrë">𐖡𐖟𐖭𐖞𐖴<lb n="16" break="no"/>𐖵𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="duket">𐖜𐖷𐖨𐖞𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="përsëri">𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖳𐖟𐖱𐖥</w> <w norm="nuku">𐖬𐖷𐖨𐖷</w> <w norm="them">𐖶𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="ata">𐖗𐖵𐖗</w> <lb n="17"/> <w norm="djem">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="përindrit">𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖬𐖜𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="e tyre">𐖞 𐖵𐖻𐖱𐖞</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="të ndanjmtuarë">𐖵𐖟 𐖬𐖜𐖗𐖭𐖫𐖵𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖟</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w xml:lang="el" norm="ἀπόφασις">𐖗𐖯𐖮<lb n="18" break="no"/>𐖠𐖗𐖳𐖥𐖳</w></gloss> <pc>)</pc> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="lirin">𐖩𐖥𐖱𐖥𐖬</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="a">𐖗</w> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="dhërgonin">𐖝𐖟𐖱𐖡𐖮𐖬𐖥𐖬</w> <!-- dot on 𐖱 --> <w norm="djemtë">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="jashtë">𐖧𐖗𐖴𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="vëndit">𐖸𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <lb n="19"/> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="prishm">𐖯𐖱𐖥𐖴𐖫</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w norm="eksodha">𐖞𐖨𐖳𐖮𐖝𐖗</w> <!-- ἔξοδα, the plural? --> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="math">𐖫𐖗𐖶</w> <!-- no space --> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mpsojnë">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖮𐖧𐖬𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <lb n="20"/> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="ata">𐖗𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="them">𐖶𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="nuku">𐖬𐖷𐖨𐖷</w> <w norm="mpsuanë">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖬𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="kush">𐖨𐖷𐖴</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="bënte">𐖙𐖟𐖬<lb n="21" break="no"/>𐖵𐖞</w> <w norm="atë">𐖗𐖵𐖟</w><pc>?</pc> <w norm="vetëmë">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="kamësit">𐖨𐖗𐖫𐖟𐖳𐖥𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="djemt">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="skamësve">𐖳𐖨𐖗𐖫𐖟𐖳𐖸𐖞</w> <!-- marked with a liaison line break, but it is two different words --> <lb n="22"/> <w norm="mbeteshin">𐖫𐖙𐖞𐖵𐖞𐖴𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="mbetenë">𐖫𐖙𐖞𐖵𐖞𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="sindërku">𐖳𐖥𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖱𐖨𐖷</w> <w norm="thashë">𐖶𐖗𐖴𐖟</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="sipër">𐖳𐖥𐖯𐖟𐖱</w><pc>.</pc> <lb n="23"/> <w norm="gjithë">𐕺𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <w norm="ato">𐖗𐖵𐖮</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="t'">𐖵’</w><w norm="atilat">𐖗𐖵𐖥𐖩𐖗𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="o">𐖮</w> <w norm="djelm">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖩𐖫</w><pc>!</pc> <w norm="tyke">𐖵𐖻𐖨𐖞</w> <w norm="vurë">𐖸𐖷𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="përpara">𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖯𐖗<lb n="24" break="no"/>𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="syvet">𐖳𐖻𐖸𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="mi">𐖫𐖥</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="mënxeḫnë">𐖫𐖟𐖬𐖹𐖞𐖤𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <choice> <corr><w norm="shtërnguan">𐖴𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖬𐖡𐖷𐖗𐖬</w></corr> <sic><w norm="stërnguan">𐖳𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖬𐖡𐖷𐖗𐖬</w></sic> <!-- need better image quality --> </choice> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="ti">𐖵𐖥</w> <pb n="9"/> <lb n="1"/> <w norm="hynj">𐖣𐖻𐖭</w> <w norm="kësaj">𐖨𐖟𐖳𐖗𐖧</w> <w norm="ndërduarçmje">𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖱𐖜𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖛𐖫𐖧𐖞</w> <!-- or 𐖬𐖝𐖟𐖱𐖝𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖛𐖫𐖧𐖞? --> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w xml:lang="el" norm="ἐπιχείρησις">𐖞𐖯𐖥𐖤𐖥𐖱𐖥𐖳𐖥𐖳</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="kësaj">𐖨𐖟𐖳𐖗𐖧</w> <lb n="2"/> <w norm="së">𐖳𐖟</w> <w norm="nisure">𐖬𐖥𐖳𐖷𐖱𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="pa">𐖯𐖗</w> <w norm="kujtuar">𐖨𐖷𐖧𐖵𐖷𐖗𐖱</w> <w norm="fare">𐖠𐖗𐖱𐖞</w> <w norm="mundim">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖫</w> <w norm="atë">𐖗𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="lodhur">𐖩𐖮𐖝𐖷𐖱</w><pc>,</pc> <lb n="3"/> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w><w norm="dinja">𐖜𐖥𐖭𐖗</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w><w norm="njiḫnja">𐖭𐖥𐖤𐖭𐖗</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="bënj">𐖙𐖟𐖭</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="ndo një">𐖬𐖜𐖮 𐖭𐖟</w> <lb n="4"/> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mburm">𐖫𐖙𐖷𐖱𐖫</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="rëfenj">𐖱𐖟𐖠𐖞𐖭</w> <w norm="ndë">𐖬𐖜𐖟</w> <w norm="sy">𐖳𐖻</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="njerëzve">𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖼𐖸𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <lb n="5"/> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="bënj">𐖙𐖟𐖭</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="rëfenj">𐖱𐖟𐖠𐖞𐖭</w> <w norm="tëtirën">𐖵𐖟𐖵𐖥𐖱𐖟𐖬</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w norm="borxhin">𐖙𐖮𐖱𐖛𐖥𐖬</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <lb n="6"/> <w norm="kesh'">𐖨𐖞𐖴’</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="kam">𐖨𐖗𐖫</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="Ventlertmin">𐖑𐖞𐖬𐖵𐖩𐖞𐖱𐖵𐖫𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="tem">𐖵𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="gjuhën">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="time">𐖵𐖥<lb n="7" break="no"/>𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="babës">𐖙𐖗𐖙𐖟𐖳</w><pc>.</pc> </p> <lb n="8"/> <p> <w norm="Gjuha">𐕺𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖗</w> <w norm="jonë">𐖧𐖮𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="shqipea">𐖴𐖰𐖥𐖯𐖞𐖗</w> <w norm="shikundër">𐖴𐖥𐖨𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="dini">𐖜𐖥𐖬𐖥</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <lb n="9"/> <w norm="shumë">𐖴𐖷𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="sjelat">𐖳𐖧𐖞𐖩𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="kthyerat">𐖨𐖶𐖻𐖞𐖱𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="kohës">𐖨𐖮𐖣𐖟𐖳</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <lb n="10"/> <w norm="fort">𐖠𐖮𐖱𐖵</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="ka">𐖨𐖗</w> <w norm="pasur">𐖯𐖗𐖳𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="dritat">𐖜𐖱𐖥𐖵𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mpsuarit">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="ka">𐖨𐖗</w> <w norm="marë">𐖫𐖗<lb n="11" break="no"/>𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="shumë">𐖴𐖷𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="fjalë">𐖠𐖧𐖗𐖩𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="kuvise">𐖨𐖷𐖸𐖥𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="huaja">𐖣𐖷𐖗𐖧𐖗</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="posa">𐖯𐖮𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="solla">𐖳𐖮𐖪𐖗</w> <lb n="12"/> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="shëmbëll">𐖴𐖟𐖫𐖙𐖟𐖪</w> <w norm="ëvet">𐖟𐖸𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="sa">𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <w norm="duheshin">𐖜𐖷𐖣𐖞𐖴𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="këtë">𐖨𐖟𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhën">𐖡𐖦𐖷<lb n="13" break="no"/>𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="tënë">𐖵𐖟𐖬𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="pastaj">𐖯𐖗𐖳𐖵𐖗𐖧</w> <w norm="menjë herë">𐖫𐖞𐖭𐖟 𐖣𐖞𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="u">𐖷</w> <w norm="vushë">𐖸𐖷𐖴𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="bënj">𐖙𐖟𐖭</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <lb n="14"/> <w norm="gjith'">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶’</w> <w norm="ato">𐖗𐖵𐖮</w> <w norm="kartrat">𐖨𐖗𐖱𐖵𐖱𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="duhet">𐖜𐖷𐖣𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="djem">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="nismëtorët">𐖬𐖥𐖳𐖫𐖟𐖵𐖮𐖱𐖟𐖵</w> <w norm="tyke">𐖵𐖻<lb n="15" break="no"/>𐖨𐖞</w> <w norm="tërsjellturë">𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖳𐖧𐖞𐖪𐖵𐖷𐖱𐖟</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w xml:lang="el" norm="μεταφράζοντας">𐖫𐖞𐖵𐖗𐖠𐖱𐖗𐖼𐖮𐖬𐖜𐖗𐖳</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="gjuhë">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <lb n="16"/> <w norm="tjera">𐖵𐖧𐖞𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="tënën">𐖵𐖟𐖬𐖟𐖬</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="para">𐖯𐖗𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="punësë">𐖯𐖷𐖬𐖟𐖳𐖟</w> <w norm="ish">𐖥𐖴</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <lb n="17"/> <w norm="munt">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="nxjer">𐖬𐖹𐖧𐖞𐖱</w> <w norm="fjal'">𐖠𐖧𐖗𐖩’</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="kuviset">𐖨𐖷𐖸𐖥𐖳𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="huaj">𐖣𐖷𐖗𐖧𐖦</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <lb n="18"/> <w norm="vënt">𐖸𐖟𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="tyre">𐖵𐖻𐖱𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="derthtonj">𐖜𐖞𐖱𐖶𐖵𐖮𐖭</w> <pc>(</pc><w norm="dërthonj">𐖜𐖟𐖱𐖶𐖮𐖭</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="a">𐖗</w> <w norm="derthonj">𐖜𐖞𐖱𐖶𐖮𐖭</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="do">𐖜𐖮</w> <lb n="19"/> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="thotë">𐖶𐖮𐖵𐖟</w> <w xml:lang="el" norm="σχηματίζω">𐖳𐖤𐖥𐖫𐖗𐖵𐖥𐖼𐖮</w><pc>,</pc> <w xml:lang="el" norm="φορμάρω">𐖠𐖮𐖱𐖫𐖗𐖱𐖮</w><pc>)</pc> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="tjera">𐖵𐖧𐖞𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="vetime">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖥𐖫𐖞</w> <lb n="20"/> <w norm="gjuhësë">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟𐖳𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="hë">𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="hë">𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="munt">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <lb n="21"/> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mos">𐖫𐖮𐖳</w> <w norm="tringëllojnë">𐖵𐖱𐖥𐖬𐖡𐖟𐖪𐖮𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="ëmblë">𐖟𐖫𐖙𐖩𐖟</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="ndëgjuarit">𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="veshëve">𐖸𐖞<lb n="22" break="no"/>𐖴𐖟𐖸𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="kam">𐖨𐖗𐖫</w> <w norm="shpëresë">𐖴𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖞𐖳𐖟</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="koha">𐖨𐖮𐖣𐖗</w> <w norm="do">𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="ti">𐖵𐖥</w> <w norm="ëmblësonjë">𐖟𐖫𐖙𐖩𐖟𐖳𐖮𐖭𐖟</w><pc>.</pc> <lb n="23"/> <w norm="E">𐕷</w> <w norm="ashtu">𐖗𐖴𐖵𐖷</w> <w norm="sa">𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="munda">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖗</w> <w norm="nxora">𐖬𐖹𐖮𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="ndërtova">𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖱𐖵𐖮𐖸𐖗</w> <lb n="24"/> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="tjera">𐖵𐖧𐖞𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="vënt">𐖸𐖟𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="tyre">𐖵𐖻𐖱𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="save">𐖳𐖗𐖸𐖞</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="su">𐖳𐖷</w> <w norm="a">𐖗</w> <w norm="gjeta">𐖡𐖦𐖞𐖵𐖗</w> <pb n="10"/> <lb n="1"/> <w norm="sesinë">𐖳𐖞𐖳𐖥𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="lashë">𐖩𐖗𐖴𐖟</w> <w norm="ashtu">𐖗𐖴𐖵𐖷</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="shpëresë">𐖴𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖞𐖳𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="jy">𐖧𐖻</w> <w norm="o">𐖮</w> <w norm="djem">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫</w><pc>!</pc> <lb n="2"/> <w norm="do">𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mundohi">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖮𐖣𐖥</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="do të">𐖜𐖮𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="vihi">𐖸𐖥𐖣𐖥</w> <w norm="jo">𐖧𐖮</w> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="ta">𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="qeroni">𐖰𐖞𐖱𐖮𐖬𐖥</w> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <lb n="3"/> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="sa">𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mundni">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖬𐖥</w> <w norm="ta">𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="shtoni">𐖴𐖵𐖮𐖬𐖥</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="unë">𐖷𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="pa">𐖯𐖗</w> <w norm="andaj">𐖗𐖬𐖜𐖗𐖧</w> <w norm="tërtherta">𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖶𐖞𐖱<lb n="4" break="no"/>𐖵𐖗</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w xml:lang="el" norm="θυσιάζω">𐖶𐖥𐖳𐖥𐖗𐖼𐖮</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="bënj">𐖙𐖟𐖭</w> <w norm="kurban">𐖨𐖷𐖱𐖙𐖗𐖬</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="kaqe">𐖨𐖗𐖰𐖞</w> <w norm="gjëmë">𐖡𐖦𐖟𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="kohë">𐖨𐖮𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="aty">𐖗𐖵𐖻</w> <lb n="5"/> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="njëzet">𐖭𐖟𐖼𐖞𐖵</w><w norm="vjet">𐖸𐖧𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="tu">𐖵𐖷</w> <w norm="bënj">𐖙𐖟𐖭</w> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <emph><w norm="vegllën'">𐖸𐖞𐖡𐖪𐖟𐖬’</w></emph> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="jy">𐖧𐖻</w> <w norm="tashi">𐖵𐖗<lb n="6" break="no"/>𐖴𐖥</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="tutje">𐖵𐖷𐖵𐖧𐖞</w> <w norm="vini">𐖸𐖥𐖬𐖥</w> <w norm="pëlhurën">𐖯𐖟𐖩𐖣𐖷𐖱𐖟𐖬</w><pc>.</pc> </p> <lb n="7"/> <p> <w norm="Mos">𐖄𐖮𐖳</w> <w norm="kujtoni">𐖨𐖷𐖧𐖵𐖮𐖬𐖥</w> <w norm="o">𐖮</w> <w norm="djem">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="këto">𐖨𐖟𐖵𐖮</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="shkruame">𐖴𐖨𐖱𐖷𐖗𐖫𐖞</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w norm="γράμματα">𐖡̆𐖱𐖗<lb n="8" break="no"/>𐖫𐖗𐖵𐖗</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="shoḫëmë">𐖴𐖮𐖤𐖟𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="kanë">𐖨𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="këjo">𐖨𐖟𐖧𐖮</w> <w norm="njerëzia">𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖼𐖥𐖗</w> <w norm="tjetër">𐖵𐖧𐖞<lb n="9" break="no"/>𐖵𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="janë">𐖧𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="rarë">𐖱𐖗𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="qiellit">𐖰𐖥𐖞𐖪𐖥𐖵</w><pc>?</pc> <w norm="dihet">𐖜𐖥𐖣𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="këjo">𐖨𐖟𐖧𐖮</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="gjitha">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖗</w> <lb n="10"/> <w norm="janë">𐖧𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="bërë">𐖙𐖟𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="pej">𐖯𐖞𐖧</w> <w norm="duarsh">𐖜𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖴</w> <w norm="njerëzve">𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖼𐖸𐖞</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="mëndjë">𐖫𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖧𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <lb n="11"/> <w norm="arirë">𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖱𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="ndë">𐖬𐖜𐖟</w> <w norm="dashi">𐖜𐖗𐖴𐖥</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="dini">𐖜𐖥𐖬𐖥</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="para">𐖯𐖗𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="hem">𐖣𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <lb n="12"/> <w norm="paka">𐖯𐖗𐖨𐖗</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="aqe">𐖗𐖰𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="pa">𐖯𐖗</w> <w norm="mbaruara">𐖫𐖙𐖗𐖱𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="ishën">𐖥𐖴𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="sa">𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="njerëzia">𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖟<lb n="13" break="no"/>𐖼𐖥𐖗</w> <w norm="ahere">𐖗𐖣𐖞𐖱𐖞</w> <w norm="mezi">𐖫𐖞𐖼𐖥</w> <w norm="mundnin">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖬𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="punoheshin">𐖯𐖷𐖬𐖮𐖣𐖞𐖴𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="to">𐖵𐖮</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <lb n="14"/> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="kohë">𐖨𐖮𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="pak">𐖯𐖗𐖨</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="pak">𐖯𐖗𐖨</w> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="ndreqnë">𐖬𐖜𐖱𐖞𐖰𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="suallë">𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖪𐖟</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <lb n="15"/> <w norm="këtë">𐖨𐖟𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mbaruar">𐖫𐖙𐖗𐖱𐖷𐖗𐖱</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="gjenden">𐖡𐖦𐖞𐖬𐖜𐖞𐖬</w><pc>.</pc> </p> <lb n="16"/> <p> <w norm="Fletorea">𐕹𐖩𐖞𐖵𐖮𐖱𐖞𐖗</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w xml:lang="el" norm="φυλλάδα">𐖠𐖥𐖪𐖗𐖝𐖗</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="dhashë">𐖝𐖗𐖴𐖟</w> <w norm="vjet">𐖸𐖧𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="këto">𐖨𐖟𐖵𐖮</w> <lb n="17"/> <emph><w norm="ëve">𐖟𐖸𐖞</w></emph> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="rea">𐖱𐖞𐖗</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="gjuhën">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="tënë">𐖵𐖟𐖬𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="panë">𐖯𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="dritën">𐖜𐖱𐖥𐖵𐖟𐖬</w> <lb n="18"/> <w norm="herën">𐖣𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="parë">𐖯𐖗𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="stambë">𐖳𐖵𐖗𐖫𐖙𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <w norm="pashë">𐖯𐖗𐖴𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="pat">𐖯𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="priturë">𐖯𐖱𐖥<lb n="19" break="no"/>𐖵𐖷𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mirë">𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="ana">𐖗𐖬𐖗</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="vëndit">𐖸𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="tënë">𐖵𐖟𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥<lb n="20" break="no"/>𐖶𐖟</w> <placeName key="Q222"><w norm="shqipëria">𐖴𐖰𐖥𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖗</w></placeName> <w norm="rëfeu">𐖱𐖟𐖠𐖞𐖷</w> <w norm="gas">𐖡𐖗𐖳</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="math">𐖫𐖗𐖶</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="njëherë">𐖭𐖟𐖣𐖞<lb n="21" break="no"/>𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="nxunë">𐖬𐖹𐖷𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="këndojnë">𐖨𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖮𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="shkruajnë">𐖴𐖨𐖱𐖷𐖗𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="punohen">𐖯𐖷<lb n="22" break="no"/>𐖬𐖮𐖣𐖞𐖬</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="to">𐖵𐖮</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="një">𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="nxori">𐖬𐖹𐖮𐖱𐖥</w> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="tremburat">𐖵𐖱𐖞<lb n="23" break="no"/>𐖫𐖙𐖷𐖱𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="dreqt">𐖜𐖱𐖞𐖰𐖵</w> <w norm="mundnja">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖭𐖗</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="keshë">𐖨𐖞𐖴𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="edyta">𐖞𐖜𐖻<lb n="24" break="no"/>𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="bëri">𐖙𐖟𐖱𐖥</w> <w norm="zemrë">𐖼𐖞𐖫𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="jo">𐖧𐖮</w> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="këtë">𐖨𐖟𐖵𐖟</w> <emph><w norm="ëvetar">𐖟𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖗𐖱</w></emph> <!-- WIP --> </p> </div> lqkr6v57kfjz9gzpmx6vy3s6x4mpu6j 1335994 1335993 2026-04-27T11:44:49Z Catonif 622571 Catonif changed the content model of the page [[TEI/Fare i ri ëvetar shqip/05]] from "wikitext" to "plain text" 1335994 text text/plain <div> <pb n="5"/> <head> <lb n="1"/> <hi style="font-size:3em"> <w norm="eparthënme">𐖞𐖯𐖗𐖱𐖶𐖟𐖬𐖫𐖞</w><pc>.</pc> </hi> <lb n="2"/> <hi style="font-size:1.6em"> <w norm="Për mbi" lemma="përmbi">𐖈𐖟𐖱 𐖫𐖙𐖥</w> <w norm="djelmt">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫𐖵</w> <w norm="e rinj">𐖞 𐖱𐖥𐖭</w> <w norm="Shqipëtarë">𐖍𐖰𐖥𐖯𐖟𐖵𐖗𐖱𐖟</w><pc>!</pc> </hi> </head> <p> <lb n="3"/> <w norm="Perëndia"><hi rend="dropCap">𐖈</hi>𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖗</w> <choice> <corr><w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w></corr> <sic><w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w></sic> </choice> <w norm="të math">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖗𐖶</w> <w norm="të ti">𐖵𐖟 𐖵𐖥</w> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <lb n="4"/> <w norm="bëri">𐖙𐖟𐖱𐖥</w> <w norm="Njerinë">𐖆𐖞𐖱𐖥𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="mbi">𐖫𐖙𐖥</w> <w norm="dhe">𐖝𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="fali">𐖠𐖗𐖩𐖥</w> <lb n="5"/> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="të madhen">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖗𐖝𐖞𐖬</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="të vjyetmen">𐖵𐖟 𐖸𐖧𐖻𐖞𐖵𐖫𐖞𐖬</w> <lb n="6"/> <w norm="të falme">𐖵𐖟 𐖠𐖗𐖩𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="munt">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="bënet">𐖙𐖟𐖬𐖞𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <lb n="7"/> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="do">𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="thënë">𐖶𐖟𐖬𐖟</w><pc>:</pc> <choice> <sic><w norm="mëndjën">𐖫𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖧𐖟𐖬</w></sic> <corr><w norm="mëndjen">𐖫𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖬</w></corr> <!-- scribbled final ⟨𐖬⟩ --> </choice><pc>,</pc> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <lb n="8"/> <w norm="atë">𐖗𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mundnjë">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="njohë">𐖭𐖮𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <lb n="9"/> <w norm="çvjejnë">𐖛𐖸𐖧𐖞𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="eç">𐖞𐖛</w> <w norm="shohën">𐖴𐖮𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="fatmirmen">𐖠𐖗𐖵𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖫𐖞𐖬</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="të mirën">𐖵𐖟 <lb n="10"/> 𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="e ti">𐖞 𐖵𐖥</w><pc>.</pc> <!-- scribbled ⟨𐖞⟩ --> <w norm="Më">𐖄𐖟</w> <w norm="të mirën">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="gjë">𐖡𐖦𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="njohu">𐖭𐖮𐖣𐖷</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="kupëtojti">𐖨𐖷<lb n="11" break="no"/>𐖯𐖟𐖵𐖮𐖧𐖵𐖥</w> <w norm="ay">𐖗𐖻</w> <w norm="njerin">𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖥𐖷</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="ish">𐖥𐖴</w> <w norm="të mpsuarit">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="pat">𐖯𐖗𐖵</w> <lb n="12"/> <choice> <sic><w norm="aujdhes">𐖗𐖷𐖧𐖜𐖞𐖳</w></sic> <corr><w norm="kujdhes">𐖨𐖷𐖧𐖜𐖞𐖳</w></corr> </choice> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="egjet">𐖞𐖡𐖦𐖞𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <!-- spot on the ⟨𐖡⟩ --> <w norm="ju">𐖧𐖷</w> <w norm="pushtua">𐖯𐖷𐖴𐖵𐖷𐖗</w> <w norm="ngjit">𐖬𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="shtërnguarë">𐖴𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖬𐖡𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <lb n="13"/> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="veç">𐖸𐖞𐖛</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="kohë">𐖨𐖮𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="dhuallë">𐖜𐖷𐖗𐖪𐖟</w> <w norm="kaqe">𐖨𐖗𐖰𐖞</w> <w norm="bura">𐕲𐖷𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="të ditur">𐖵𐖟 𐖜𐖥𐖵𐖷𐖱</w> <lb n="14"/> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="tërndriçim">𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖬𐖜𐖱𐖥𐖛𐖥𐖫</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w norm="sofonj">𐖳𐖮𐖠𐖮𐖭</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="njerëzia">𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖼𐖥𐖗</w> <w norm="zunë">𐖼𐖷𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <lb n="15"/> <w norm="dalënë">𐖜𐖗𐖩𐖟𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="të egërsirit">𐖵𐖟 𐖞𐖡𐖟𐖱𐖳𐖥𐖫𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="e tyre">𐖞 𐖵𐖻𐖱𐖞</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="patnë">𐖯𐖗𐖵𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="pasur">𐖯𐖗𐖳𐖷𐖱</w> <lb n="16"/> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="herje">𐖣𐖞𐖱𐖧𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="hapen">𐖣𐖗𐖯𐖞𐖬</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="t·holonen">𐖵𐖣𐖮𐖪𐖮𐖬𐖞𐖬</w> <!-- typo? --> <w norm="mendje">𐖫𐖞𐖬𐖜𐖧𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="sindërku">𐖳𐖥𐖬<lb n="17" break="no"/>𐖜𐖟𐖱𐖨𐖷</w>, <w norm="duket">𐖜𐖷𐖨𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="mbëç">𐖫𐖙𐖟𐖛</w> <w norm="qendrim">𐖰𐖞𐖬𐖜𐖱𐖥𐖫</w> <w norm="të qyteçm">𐖵𐖟 𐖰𐖻𐖵𐖞𐖛𐖫</w> <note n="I." type="gloss" place="bottom"> <w norm="Parpleqtë">𐖈𐖗𐖱𐖯𐖨𐖞𐖰𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="tanë">𐖵𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="qytet">𐖰𐖻𐖵𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="thoshin">𐖶𐖮𐖴𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="Politisë">𐖈𐖮𐖩𐖥𐖵𐖥𐖳𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="themi">𐖶𐖞𐖫𐖥</w> <pb n="6"/> <w norm="ne">𐖬𐖞</w> <w norm="sot">𐖳𐖮𐖵</w> <w norm="sheher">𐖴𐖞𐖣𐖞𐖱</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="kasaba">𐖨𐖗𐖳𐖗𐖙𐖗</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="para">𐖯𐖗𐖱𐖗</w> <!-- sign on the ⟨𐖗⟩ --> <w norm="është">𐖟𐖴𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="gërqisht">𐖡𐖟𐖱𐖰𐖥𐖴𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <lb/> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të dytat">𐖵𐖟 𐖜𐖻𐖵𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="janë">𐖧𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="turqisht">𐖵𐖷𐖱𐖰𐖥𐖴𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="sindërku">𐖳𐖥𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖱𐖨𐖷</w> <w norm="grekërit">𐖡𐖱𐖞𐖨𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <lb/> <w xml:lang="el" norm="πολιτεία">𐖯𐖮𐖩𐖥𐖵𐖥𐖗</w> <w norm="bënë">𐖙𐖟𐖬𐖟</w> <w xml:lang="el" norm="πολιτισμόν">𐖯𐖮𐖩𐖥𐖵𐖥𐖳𐖫𐖮𐖬</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="ashtu">𐖗𐖴𐖵𐖷</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="unë">𐖷𐖬𐖟</w> <!-- dot after word? --> <w norm="skujtonj">𐖳𐖨𐖷𐖧𐖵𐖮𐖭</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="bëra">𐖙𐖟<lb break="no"/>𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="liksh">𐖩𐖥𐖨𐖴</w> <w norm="tek">𐖵𐖞𐖨</w> <w norm="bëra">𐖙𐖟𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="qyteçm">𐖰𐖻𐖵𐖞𐖛𐖫</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="munt">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="thotë">𐖶𐖮𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="njeri">𐖭𐖞<lb break="no"/>𐖱𐖥</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <choice> <sic><w norm="qiytet">𐖰𐖥𐖻𐖵𐖞𐖵</w></sic> <corr><w norm="qytet">𐖰𐖻𐖵𐖞𐖵</w></corr> </choice> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="thoshin">𐖶𐖮𐖴𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="kalasë">𐖨𐖗𐖩𐖗𐖳𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="besohet">𐖙𐖞𐖳𐖮𐖣𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="jetë">𐖧𐖞𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="ahstu">𐖗𐖴<lb break="no"/>𐖵𐖷</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="unë">𐖷𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="sikur">𐖳𐖥𐖨𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w><w norm="di">𐖜𐖥</w> <w norm="mirë">𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="se">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="kalasë">𐖨𐖗𐖩𐖗𐖳𐖟</w> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="thoshin">𐖶𐖮𐖴𐖬𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="murnim">𐖫𐖷𐖱𐖬𐖥<lb break="no"/>𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="forcomje">𐖠𐖮𐖱𐖚𐖮𐖫𐖧𐖞</w> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="gjithkëtë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖨𐖟𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="kushdo">𐖨𐖷𐖴𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="munt">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖵</w> <lb/> <w norm="ta">𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="njoḫnjë">𐖭𐖮𐖤𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="mirë">𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="lutem">𐖩𐖷𐖵𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="ma">𐖫𐖗</w> <w norm="bënë">𐖙𐖟𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="të ditur">𐖵𐖟 𐖜𐖥𐖵𐖷𐖱</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <lb/> <w norm="ja">𐖧𐖗</w> <w norm="di">𐖜𐖥</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="mirë">𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="munt">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="dovinjme">𐖜𐖮𐖸𐖥𐖭𐖫𐖞</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w xml:lang="el" norm="μέλλον">𐖫𐖞𐖪𐖮𐖬</w><pc>,</pc> <lb/> <w xml:lang="el" norm="ἐρχόμενον">𐖞𐖱𐖤𐖮𐖫𐖞𐖬𐖮𐖬</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="përndreqim">𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖬𐖜𐖱𐖞𐖰𐖞𐖫</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="jo">𐖧𐖮</w> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="këtë">𐖨𐖟𐖵𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <lb/> <w norm="çdo">𐖛𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="njohën">𐖭𐖮𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="kanë">𐖨𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="vendit">𐖸𐖞𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖬</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="zoti">𐖼𐖮𐖵𐖥</w> <lb/> <w norm="qielve">𐖰𐖥𐖞𐖩𐖸𐖞</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w>𐖡𐖗𐖙𐖮𐖬</w><pc>.</pc> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w norm="lajthit">𐖩𐖗𐖧𐖶𐖥𐖵</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> </note> <w norm="ariti">𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵𐖥</w><pc>.</pc> </p> <pb n="6"/> <p> <lb n="1"/> <w norm="Se">𐖌𐖞</w> <w norm="të mirën">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="çdo">𐖛𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="njeriut">𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖥𐖷𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="sijel">𐖳𐖥𐖧𐖞𐖩</w> <w norm="drita">𐖜𐖱𐖥𐖵𐖗</w> <lb n="2"/> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të mpsuarit">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="s'">𐖳’</w> <w norm="ësht'">𐖟𐖴𐖵’</w> <w norm="as një">𐖗𐖳 𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="ndëdyyshme">𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖜𐖻𐖻𐖴𐖫𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <lb n="3"/> <w norm="shohëm">𐖴𐖮𐖣𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <w norm="farët">𐖠𐖗𐖱𐖟𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="çdo">𐖛𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="njerësve">𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖳𐖸𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="mundohen">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖮<lb n="4" break="no"/>𐖣𐖞𐖬</w> <w norm="pa">𐖯𐖗</w> <w norm="reshtur">𐖱𐖞𐖴𐖵𐖷𐖱</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mundnjënë">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖭𐖟𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="ndërtojnë">𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖱𐖵𐖮𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <lb n="5"/> <w norm="shtojnë">𐖴𐖵𐖮𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhët">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="e tyre">𐖞 𐖵𐖻𐖱𐖞</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="të mpsuarit">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w><pc>.</pc> </p> <p> <lb n="6"/> <w norm="Po">𐖈𐖮</w> <w norm="fort">𐖠𐖮𐖱𐖵</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="çuditur">𐖛𐖷𐖜𐖥𐖵𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="është">𐖟𐖴𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <w norm="ne">𐖬𐖞</w> <lb n="7"/> <w norm="shqipëtarët">𐖴𐖰𐖥𐖯𐖟𐖵𐖗𐖱𐖟𐖵</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="jemi">𐖧𐖞𐖫𐖥</w> <w norm="mbetur">𐖫𐖙𐖞𐖵𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="kaqe">𐖨𐖗𐖰𐖞</w> <w norm="të ndarë">𐖵𐖟 𐖬𐖜𐖗𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të pangjajm">𐖵𐖟 <lb n="8"/> 𐖯𐖗𐖬𐖡𐖦𐖗𐖧𐖫</w> <w norm="farëvet">𐖠𐖗𐖱𐖟𐖸𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="të dhjera">𐖵𐖟 𐖵𐖧𐖞𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="pa">𐖯𐖗</w> <w norm="pasur">𐖯𐖗𐖳𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="fare">𐖠𐖗𐖱𐖞</w> <w norm="të kënduar">𐖵𐖟 <lb n="9"/> 𐖨𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖷𐖗𐖱</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të shkruar">𐖵𐖟 𐖴𐖨𐖱𐖷𐖗𐖱</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhë">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="tënë">𐖵𐖟𐖬𐖟</w><pc>?</pc> <w norm="Si">𐖌𐖥</w> <w norm="ka">𐖨𐖗</w> <w norm="duruar">𐖜𐖷<lb n="10" break="no"/>𐖱𐖷𐖗𐖱</w> <w norm="këjo">𐖨𐖟𐖧𐖮</w> <w norm="dora">𐖜𐖮𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="e shqipëtarëve">𐖞 𐖴𐖰𐖥𐖯𐖟𐖵𐖗𐖱𐖟𐖸𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="jetë">𐖧𐖞𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mbetur">𐖫𐖙𐖞𐖵𐖷𐖱</w> <lb n="11"/> <w norm="ndënë">𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="të përqeshmit">𐖵𐖟 𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖰𐖞𐖴𐖫𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="e botësë">𐖞 𐖙𐖮𐖵𐖟𐖳𐖟</w> <w norm="huaj">𐖣𐖷𐖗𐖧𐖦</w><pc>?</pc> <w norm="Më">𐖄𐖟</w> <w norm="e madhea">𐖞 𐖫𐖗<lb n="12" break="no"/>𐖝𐖞𐖗</w> <w norm="është">𐖟𐖴𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="ka">𐖨𐖗</w> <w norm="njohur">𐖭𐖮𐖣𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="shtërgimnë">𐖴𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖬𐖡𐖥𐖫𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <lb n="13"/> <w norm="ka">𐖨𐖗</w> <w norm="pasurë">𐖯𐖗𐖳𐖷𐖱𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="le">𐖩𐖞</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="kanë">𐖨𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="mundur">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="punohen">𐖯𐖷𐖬𐖮𐖣𐖞𐖬</w> <lb n="14"/> <w norm="tyke">𐖵𐖻𐖨𐖞</w> <w norm="shkruar">𐖴𐖨𐖱𐖷𐖗𐖱</w> <w norm="njëritjetërit">𐖭𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖵𐖧𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhë">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="të vet">𐖵𐖟 𐖸𐖞𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <pb n="7"/> <lb n="1"/> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="as">𐖗𐖳</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mundnjën">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖭𐖟𐖬</w> <!-- or 𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖝𐖭𐖟𐖬? --> <w norm="ti">𐖵𐖥</w> <w norm="falen">𐖠𐖗𐖩𐖞𐖬</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="ti">𐖵𐖥</w> <w norm="luten">𐖩𐖷𐖵𐖞𐖬</w> <w norm="zotit">𐖼𐖮𐖵𐖥𐖵</w> <lb n="2"/> <w norm="perëndisë">𐖯𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖳𐖟</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="atë">𐖗𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhë">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="sicili">𐖳𐖥𐖚𐖥𐖪𐖥</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w><w norm="mpsojti">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖮𐖧𐖵𐖥</w> <w norm="tyke">𐖵𐖻𐖨𐖞</w> <w norm="pirë">𐖯𐖥𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="sisën">𐖳𐖥𐖳𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="e qumështit">𐖞 𐖰𐖷𐖫𐖟𐖴𐖵𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="e s' ëmësë">𐖞 𐖳’ 𐖟𐖫𐖟𐖳𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <lb n="3"/> <w norm="gjith">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶</w> <w norm="bota">𐖙𐖮𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="tjetër">𐖵𐖧𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖱</w><pc>.</pc> <w norm="Fjala">𐕹𐖧𐖗𐖩𐖗</w> <w norm="ime">𐖥𐖫𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="o">𐖮</w> <w norm="djelm">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫</w><pc>!</pc> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="është">𐖟𐖴𐖵𐖟</w> <lb n="4"/> <w norm="se pse">𐖳𐖞 𐖯𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="patnë">𐖯𐖗𐖵𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="të shkruare">𐖵𐖟 𐖴𐖨𐖱𐖷𐖗𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhë">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="tënë">𐖵𐖟𐖬𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <lb n="5"/> <w norm="mbetmë">𐖫𐖙𐖦𐖵𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="pa">𐖯𐖗</w> <w norm="mpsuarë">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhë">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="të tjetra">𐖵𐖟𐖵𐖧𐖞𐖱𐖗</w><pc>?</pc> <w norm="dihet">𐖜𐖥𐖣𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="nxinim">𐖬𐖹𐖥𐖬𐖥𐖫</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="punoheshim">𐖯𐖷𐖬𐖮𐖣𐖞𐖴𐖥𐖫</w> <w norm="jo">𐖧𐖮</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="pirë">𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="poç'">𐖯𐖮𐖛’</w> <w norm="fitim">𐖠𐖥𐖵𐖥𐖫</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <lb n="6"/> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="fort">𐖠𐖮𐖱𐖵</w> <w norm="pak">𐖯𐖗𐖨</w> <w norm="kishin">𐖨𐖥𐖴𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="kanë">𐖨𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="atë">𐖗𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="pat">𐖠𐖗𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="shumica">𐖴𐖷<lb n="7" break="no"/>𐖫𐖥𐖚𐖗</w> <!-- dissimilar 𐖚 shape --> <w norm="tjetër">𐖵𐖧𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="dergjej">𐖜𐖞𐖱𐖡𐖦𐖞𐖧𐖦</w> <choice> <corr><w norm="nd'">𐖬𐖜’</w></corr> <sic><w norm="ndh'">𐖬𐖝’</w></sic> </choice> <w norm="erësirë">𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖳𐖥𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="të pampsuarit">𐖵𐖟𐖯𐖗𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗<lb n="8" break="no"/>𐖱𐖥𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e vetë">𐖞 𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="dinin">𐖜𐖥𐖬𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="njiḫin">𐖭𐖥𐖤𐖬𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="seç">𐖳𐖞𐖛</w> <w norm="hiqin">𐖣𐖥𐖰𐖥𐖬</w><pc>.</pc> <w norm="sare">𐕹𐖗𐖱𐖞</w> <lb n="9"/> <w norm="lehët">𐖩𐖞𐖣𐖟𐖵</w> <w norm="mund">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜</w> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <w norm="cilli">𐖚𐖥𐖪𐖥</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="njohë">𐖭𐖮𐖣𐖟</w> <!-- dot on 𐖭 --> <w norm="lesimnë">𐖩𐖞𐖳𐖥𐖫𐖬𐖟</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w xml:lang="el" norm="εὐκολία">𐖞𐖠𐖨𐖮𐖩𐖥𐖗</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <lb n="10"/> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="ka">𐖨𐖗</w> <w norm="çdo">𐖛𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="farë">𐖠𐖗𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="e njerëzve">𐖞 𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖼𐖸𐖞</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mpsonjë">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖮𐖭𐖟</w> <lb n="11"/> <w norm="të mpsuarit">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhë">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="të vet">𐖵𐖟 𐖸𐖞𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="djali">𐖜𐖥𐖗𐖩𐖥</w> <w norm="pa">𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="do">𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="i vogël">𐖥 <lb n="12"/> 𐖸𐖮𐖡𐖟𐖩</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="jetë">𐖧𐖞𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <w norm="mundimnë">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖫𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të rëndit">𐖵𐖟 𐖱𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="do">𐖜𐖮</w> <lb n="13"/> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="ketë">𐖨𐖞𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="sa">𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="nxërë">𐖬𐖹𐖟𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="shënimet">𐖴𐖟𐖬𐖥𐖫𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të foltmit">𐖵𐖟 𐖠𐖮𐖩𐖵𐖫𐖥𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="do">𐖜𐖮</w> <lb n="14"/> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="thënë">𐖶𐖟𐖬𐖟</w><pc>:</pc> <w norm="ëvet">𐖟𐖸𐖞𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="pastaj">𐖯𐖗𐖳𐖵𐖗𐖧</w> <w norm="gjuhën">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="duhet">𐖜𐖷𐖣𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="ta">𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="mpsonjë">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖮<lb n="15" break="no"/>𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="eka">𐖞𐖨𐖗</w> <w norm="të lertë">𐖵𐖟 𐖩𐖞𐖱𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="mëm'">𐖫𐖟𐖫’</w> <w norm="e ti">𐖞𐖵𐖥</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="çdo">𐖛𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="kartë">𐖨𐖗𐖱<lb n="16" break="no"/>𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="marë">𐖫𐖗𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="ndë">𐖬𐖜𐖟</w> <w norm="dorë">𐖜𐖮𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="këndon">𐖨𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖮𐖬</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="kupëton">𐖨𐖷<lb n="17" break="no"/>𐖯𐖟𐖵𐖮𐖬</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="kur">𐖨𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="të arinjë">𐖵𐖟 𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="mpsomjet">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖮𐖫𐖧𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="lartëra">𐖞 𐖩𐖗𐖱<lb n="18" break="no"/>𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="përsëri">𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖳𐖟𐖱𐖥</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhë">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="të ti">𐖵𐖟 𐖵𐖥</w> <w norm="çpejt">𐖛𐖯𐖞𐖧𐖵</w> <w norm="mer">𐖫𐖞𐖱</w> <w norm="përpara">𐖯𐖟𐖱<lb n="19" break="no"/>𐖯𐖗𐖱𐖗</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="pastaj">𐖯𐖗𐖳𐖵𐖗𐖧</w> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="njohë">𐖭𐖮𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhën">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="e ti">𐖞 𐖵𐖥</w> <w norm="mirë">𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟</w> <lb n="20"/> <w norm="apë">𐖗𐖯𐖟</w> <w norm="dora">𐖜𐖮𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="përindërve">𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖱𐖸𐖞</w> <w norm="ti">𐖵𐖥</w><pc>.</pc> <w norm="mbë">𐖄𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <w norm="anët">𐖗𐖬𐖟𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞 <lb n="21"/> 𐖧𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖳</w> <w norm="dihet">𐖜𐖥𐖣𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuh'">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣’</w> <w norm="e vëndit">𐖞 𐖸𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="parnderjet">𐖯𐖗𐖱𐖬𐖜𐖞𐖱𐖧𐖞𐖵</w> <!-- typo for 𐖯𐖗𐖱𐖗𐖬𐖜𐖞𐖱𐖧𐖞𐖵 or 𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖬𐖜𐖞𐖱𐖧𐖞𐖵? --> <pb n="8"/> <lb n="1"/> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w norm="protimite">𐖯𐖱𐖮𐖵𐖥𐖫𐖥𐖵𐖞</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="është">𐖟𐖴𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="e duëshme">𐖞𐖜𐖷𐖟𐖴𐖫𐖞</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w norm="iktizallie">𐖥𐖨𐖵𐖥𐖼𐖗𐖪𐖥𐖞</w> <!-- ??? --> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <lb n="2"/> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të huajat">𐖵𐖟 𐖣𐖷𐖗𐖧𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="janë">𐖧𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="fort">𐖠𐖮𐖱𐖵</w> <w norm="pak">𐖯𐖗𐖨</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="kanë">𐖨𐖗<lb n="3" break="no"/>𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="bëjnë">𐖙𐖟𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="jashtmit">𐖧𐖗𐖴𐖵𐖫𐖥𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="jashtmit">𐖧𐖗𐖴𐖵𐖫𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="gjuhën">𐖡𐖦𐖷<lb n="4" break="no"/>𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="tënë">𐖵𐖟𐖬𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="kenë">𐖨𐖞𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="shtërngim">𐖴𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖬𐖡𐖥𐖫</w> <w norm="do">𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="mpsojnë">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖮𐖧𐖬𐖟</w><pc>.</pc> <w norm="Është">𐕸𐖴𐖵𐖟</w> <lb n="5"/> <w norm="tepër">𐖵𐖞𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="ngjatem">𐖬𐖡𐖦𐖗𐖵𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="këtë">𐖨𐖟𐖵𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="i math">𐖥 𐖫𐖗𐖶</w> <w norm="i vogël">𐖥 𐖸𐖮𐖡𐖟𐖩</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="njeḫ">𐖭𐖞𐖤</w><pc>,</pc> <lb n="6"/> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="ahstu">𐖗𐖴𐖵𐖷</w> <w norm="le">𐖩𐖞</w> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <w norm="cinë">𐖚𐖥𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="ta">𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="gjykonjë">𐖡𐖦𐖻𐖨𐖮𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="ta">𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="përgjukonjë">𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖨𐖮𐖭𐖟</w> <!-- 𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖡𐖦𐖻𐖨𐖮𐖭𐖟? --> <lb n="7"/> <choice> <corr><w norm="nd'">𐖬𐖜’</w></corr> <sic><w norm="ndh'">𐖬𐖝’</w></sic> </choice> <w norm="është">𐖟𐖴𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="kështu">𐖨𐖟𐖴𐖵𐖷</w><pc>.</pc> <w norm="Me">𐖄𐖞</w> <w norm="gjith">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶</w> <w norm="këtë">𐖨𐖟𐖵𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="gjat">𐖡𐖦𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="gjërë">𐖡𐖦𐖟𐖱𐖟</w> <lb n="8"/> <w norm="munt">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="ta">𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="thëres">𐖶𐖟𐖱𐖞𐖳</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="tarëfenj">𐖵𐖗𐖱𐖟𐖠𐖞𐖭</w> <w norm="mundimn'">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖫𐖬’</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="mkotë">𐖫𐖨𐖮𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="kanë">𐖨𐖗<lb n="9" break="no"/>𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="hequr">𐖣𐖞𐖰𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="heqin">𐖣𐖞𐖰𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="djemtë">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="shqipëtare">𐖴𐖰𐖥𐖯𐖟𐖵𐖗𐖱𐖟</w> <pc>(</pc><w norm="tyke">𐖵𐖻𐖨𐖞</w> <w norm="foltur">𐖠𐖮𐖩𐖵𐖷𐖱</w> <lb n="10"/> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="gjithimjen">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖥𐖫𐖧𐖞𐖬</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w xml:lang="el" norm="γενικός">𐖧𐖞𐖬𐖥𐖨𐖮𐖳</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="të dhënit">𐖵𐖟 𐖝𐖟𐖬𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të mpsuarit">𐖵𐖟 𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <lb n="11"/> <w norm="gjuhëve">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟𐖸𐖞</w> <w norm="huaj">𐖣𐖷𐖗𐖧𐖦</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="gjer">𐖡𐖦𐖞𐖱</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mpsojnë">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖮𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="këndojnë">𐖨𐖟𐖬<lb n="12" break="no"/>𐖜𐖮𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="shkruajnë">𐖴𐖨𐖱𐖷𐖗𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="mirë">𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="duhenë">𐖜𐖷𐖣𐖞𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="dy">𐖜𐖻</w> <w norm="tri">𐖵𐖱𐖥</w> <w norm="vjet">𐖸𐖧𐖞𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <lb n="13"/> <w norm="sa">𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mpsojnë">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖮𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="ca">𐖚𐖗</w> <w norm="gjuhën">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="atë">𐖗𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="thuajnë">𐖣𐖷𐖗𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="shkonin">𐖴𐖨𐖮𐖬𐖥𐖬</w> <lb n="14"/> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="aqe">𐖗𐖰𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="ndë">𐖬𐖜𐖟</w> <w norm="funt">𐖠𐖷𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="të hequr">𐖵𐖟 𐖣𐖞𐖰𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <lb n="15"/> <w norm="mpsuarit">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="dinë">𐖜𐖥𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="fare">𐖠𐖗𐖱𐖞</w> <w norm="gjë">𐖡𐖦𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="këjo">𐖨𐖟𐖧𐖮</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="ësht">𐖟𐖴𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="gënjeshtrë">𐖡𐖟𐖭𐖞𐖴<lb n="16" break="no"/>𐖵𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="duket">𐖜𐖷𐖨𐖞𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="përsëri">𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖳𐖟𐖱𐖥</w> <w norm="nuku">𐖬𐖷𐖨𐖷</w> <w norm="them">𐖶𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="ata">𐖗𐖵𐖗</w> <lb n="17"/> <w norm="djem">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="përindrit">𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖬𐖜𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="e tyre">𐖞 𐖵𐖻𐖱𐖞</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="të ndanjmtuarë">𐖵𐖟 𐖬𐖜𐖗𐖭𐖫𐖵𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖟</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w xml:lang="el" norm="ἀπόφασις">𐖗𐖯𐖮<lb n="18" break="no"/>𐖠𐖗𐖳𐖥𐖳</w></gloss> <pc>)</pc> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="lirin">𐖩𐖥𐖱𐖥𐖬</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="a">𐖗</w> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="dhërgonin">𐖝𐖟𐖱𐖡𐖮𐖬𐖥𐖬</w> <!-- dot on 𐖱 --> <w norm="djemtë">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="jashtë">𐖧𐖗𐖴𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="vëndit">𐖸𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <lb n="19"/> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="prishm">𐖯𐖱𐖥𐖴𐖫</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w norm="eksodha">𐖞𐖨𐖳𐖮𐖝𐖗</w> <!-- ἔξοδα, the plural? --> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="math">𐖫𐖗𐖶</w> <!-- no space --> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mpsojnë">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖮𐖧𐖬𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <lb n="20"/> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="ata">𐖗𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="them">𐖶𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="nuku">𐖬𐖷𐖨𐖷</w> <w norm="mpsuanë">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖬𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="kush">𐖨𐖷𐖴</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="bënte">𐖙𐖟𐖬<lb n="21" break="no"/>𐖵𐖞</w> <w norm="atë">𐖗𐖵𐖟</w><pc>?</pc> <w norm="vetëmë">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="kamësit">𐖨𐖗𐖫𐖟𐖳𐖥𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="djemt">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="skamësve">𐖳𐖨𐖗𐖫𐖟𐖳𐖸𐖞</w> <!-- marked with a liaison line break, but it is two different words --> <lb n="22"/> <w norm="mbeteshin">𐖫𐖙𐖞𐖵𐖞𐖴𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="mbetenë">𐖫𐖙𐖞𐖵𐖞𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="sindërku">𐖳𐖥𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖱𐖨𐖷</w> <w norm="thashë">𐖶𐖗𐖴𐖟</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="sipër">𐖳𐖥𐖯𐖟𐖱</w><pc>.</pc> <lb n="23"/> <w norm="gjithë">𐕺𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <w norm="ato">𐖗𐖵𐖮</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="t'">𐖵’</w><w norm="atilat">𐖗𐖵𐖥𐖩𐖗𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="o">𐖮</w> <w norm="djelm">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖩𐖫</w><pc>!</pc> <w norm="tyke">𐖵𐖻𐖨𐖞</w> <w norm="vurë">𐖸𐖷𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="përpara">𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖯𐖗<lb n="24" break="no"/>𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="syvet">𐖳𐖻𐖸𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="mi">𐖫𐖥</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="mënxeḫnë">𐖫𐖟𐖬𐖹𐖞𐖤𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <choice> <corr><w norm="shtërnguan">𐖴𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖬𐖡𐖷𐖗𐖬</w></corr> <sic><w norm="stërnguan">𐖳𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖬𐖡𐖷𐖗𐖬</w></sic> <!-- need better image quality --> </choice> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="ti">𐖵𐖥</w> <pb n="9"/> <lb n="1"/> <w norm="hynj">𐖣𐖻𐖭</w> <w norm="kësaj">𐖨𐖟𐖳𐖗𐖧</w> <w norm="ndërduarçmje">𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖱𐖜𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖛𐖫𐖧𐖞</w> <!-- or 𐖬𐖝𐖟𐖱𐖝𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖛𐖫𐖧𐖞? --> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w xml:lang="el" norm="ἐπιχείρησις">𐖞𐖯𐖥𐖤𐖥𐖱𐖥𐖳𐖥𐖳</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="kësaj">𐖨𐖟𐖳𐖗𐖧</w> <lb n="2"/> <w norm="së">𐖳𐖟</w> <w norm="nisure">𐖬𐖥𐖳𐖷𐖱𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="pa">𐖯𐖗</w> <w norm="kujtuar">𐖨𐖷𐖧𐖵𐖷𐖗𐖱</w> <w norm="fare">𐖠𐖗𐖱𐖞</w> <w norm="mundim">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖫</w> <w norm="atë">𐖗𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="lodhur">𐖩𐖮𐖝𐖷𐖱</w><pc>,</pc> <lb n="3"/> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w><w norm="dinja">𐖜𐖥𐖭𐖗</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w><w norm="njiḫnja">𐖭𐖥𐖤𐖭𐖗</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="bënj">𐖙𐖟𐖭</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="ndo një">𐖬𐖜𐖮 𐖭𐖟</w> <lb n="4"/> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mburm">𐖫𐖙𐖷𐖱𐖫</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="rëfenj">𐖱𐖟𐖠𐖞𐖭</w> <w norm="ndë">𐖬𐖜𐖟</w> <w norm="sy">𐖳𐖻</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="njerëzve">𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖼𐖸𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <lb n="5"/> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="bënj">𐖙𐖟𐖭</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="rëfenj">𐖱𐖟𐖠𐖞𐖭</w> <w norm="tëtirën">𐖵𐖟𐖵𐖥𐖱𐖟𐖬</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w norm="borxhin">𐖙𐖮𐖱𐖛𐖥𐖬</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <lb n="6"/> <w norm="kesh'">𐖨𐖞𐖴’</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="kam">𐖨𐖗𐖫</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="Ventlertmin">𐖑𐖞𐖬𐖵𐖩𐖞𐖱𐖵𐖫𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="tem">𐖵𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="gjuhën">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="time">𐖵𐖥<lb n="7" break="no"/>𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="babës">𐖙𐖗𐖙𐖟𐖳</w><pc>.</pc> </p> <lb n="8"/> <p> <w norm="Gjuha">𐕺𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖗</w> <w norm="jonë">𐖧𐖮𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="shqipea">𐖴𐖰𐖥𐖯𐖞𐖗</w> <w norm="shikundër">𐖴𐖥𐖨𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="dini">𐖜𐖥𐖬𐖥</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <lb n="9"/> <w norm="shumë">𐖴𐖷𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="sjelat">𐖳𐖧𐖞𐖩𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="kthyerat">𐖨𐖶𐖻𐖞𐖱𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="kohës">𐖨𐖮𐖣𐖟𐖳</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <lb n="10"/> <w norm="fort">𐖠𐖮𐖱𐖵</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="s">𐖳</w><w norm="ka">𐖨𐖗</w> <w norm="pasur">𐖯𐖗𐖳𐖷𐖱</w> <w norm="dritat">𐖜𐖱𐖥𐖵𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mpsuarit">𐖫𐖯𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="ka">𐖨𐖗</w> <w norm="marë">𐖫𐖗<lb n="11" break="no"/>𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="shumë">𐖴𐖷𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="fjalë">𐖠𐖧𐖗𐖩𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="kuvise">𐖨𐖷𐖸𐖥𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="huaja">𐖣𐖷𐖗𐖧𐖗</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="posa">𐖯𐖮𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="solla">𐖳𐖮𐖪𐖗</w> <lb n="12"/> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="shëmbëll">𐖴𐖟𐖫𐖙𐖟𐖪</w> <w norm="ëvet">𐖟𐖸𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="sa">𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <w norm="duheshin">𐖜𐖷𐖣𐖞𐖴𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="këtë">𐖨𐖟𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="gjuhën">𐖡𐖦𐖷<lb n="13" break="no"/>𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="tënë">𐖵𐖟𐖬𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="pastaj">𐖯𐖗𐖳𐖵𐖗𐖧</w> <w norm="menjë herë">𐖫𐖞𐖭𐖟 𐖣𐖞𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="u">𐖷</w> <w norm="vushë">𐖸𐖷𐖴𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="bënj">𐖙𐖟𐖭</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <lb n="14"/> <w norm="gjith'">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶’</w> <w norm="ato">𐖗𐖵𐖮</w> <w norm="kartrat">𐖨𐖗𐖱𐖵𐖱𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="duhet">𐖜𐖷𐖣𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="djem">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="nismëtorët">𐖬𐖥𐖳𐖫𐖟𐖵𐖮𐖱𐖟𐖵</w> <w norm="tyke">𐖵𐖻<lb n="15" break="no"/>𐖨𐖞</w> <w norm="tërsjellturë">𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖳𐖧𐖞𐖪𐖵𐖷𐖱𐖟</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w xml:lang="el" norm="μεταφράζοντας">𐖫𐖞𐖵𐖗𐖠𐖱𐖗𐖼𐖮𐖬𐖜𐖗𐖳</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="gjuhë">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <lb n="16"/> <w norm="tjera">𐖵𐖧𐖞𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="tënën">𐖵𐖟𐖬𐖟𐖬</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="para">𐖯𐖗𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="punësë">𐖯𐖷𐖬𐖟𐖳𐖟</w> <w norm="ish">𐖥𐖴</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <lb n="17"/> <w norm="munt">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="nxjer">𐖬𐖹𐖧𐖞𐖱</w> <w norm="fjal'">𐖠𐖧𐖗𐖩’</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="kuviset">𐖨𐖷𐖸𐖥𐖳𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="huaj">𐖣𐖷𐖗𐖧𐖦</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <lb n="18"/> <w norm="vënt">𐖸𐖟𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="tyre">𐖵𐖻𐖱𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="derthtonj">𐖜𐖞𐖱𐖶𐖵𐖮𐖭</w> <pc>(</pc><w norm="dërthonj">𐖜𐖟𐖱𐖶𐖮𐖭</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="a">𐖗</w> <w norm="derthonj">𐖜𐖞𐖱𐖶𐖮𐖭</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="do">𐖜𐖮</w> <lb n="19"/> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="thotë">𐖶𐖮𐖵𐖟</w> <w xml:lang="el" norm="σχηματίζω">𐖳𐖤𐖥𐖫𐖗𐖵𐖥𐖼𐖮</w><pc>,</pc> <w xml:lang="el" norm="φορμάρω">𐖠𐖮𐖱𐖫𐖗𐖱𐖮</w><pc>)</pc> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="tjera">𐖵𐖧𐖞𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="vetime">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖥𐖫𐖞</w> <lb n="20"/> <w norm="gjuhësë">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟𐖳𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="hë">𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="hë">𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="munt">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <lb n="21"/> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mos">𐖫𐖮𐖳</w> <w norm="tringëllojnë">𐖵𐖱𐖥𐖬𐖡𐖟𐖪𐖮𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="ëmblë">𐖟𐖫𐖙𐖩𐖟</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="ndëgjuarit">𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="veshëve">𐖸𐖞<lb n="22" break="no"/>𐖴𐖟𐖸𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <w norm="kam">𐖨𐖗𐖫</w> <w norm="shpëresë">𐖴𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖞𐖳𐖟</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="koha">𐖨𐖮𐖣𐖗</w> <w norm="do">𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="ti">𐖵𐖥</w> <w norm="ëmblësonjë">𐖟𐖫𐖙𐖩𐖟𐖳𐖮𐖭𐖟</w><pc>.</pc> <lb n="23"/> <w norm="E">𐕷</w> <w norm="ashtu">𐖗𐖴𐖵𐖷</w> <w norm="sa">𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="munda">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖗</w> <w norm="nxora">𐖬𐖹𐖮𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="ndërtova">𐖬𐖜𐖟𐖱𐖵𐖮𐖸𐖗</w> <lb n="24"/> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="tjera">𐖵𐖧𐖞𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="vënt">𐖸𐖟𐖬𐖵</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="tyre">𐖵𐖻𐖱𐖞</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="save">𐖳𐖗𐖸𐖞</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="su">𐖳𐖷</w> <w norm="a">𐖗</w> <w norm="gjeta">𐖡𐖦𐖞𐖵𐖗</w> <pb n="10"/> <lb n="1"/> <w norm="sesinë">𐖳𐖞𐖳𐖥𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="lashë">𐖩𐖗𐖴𐖟</w> <w norm="ashtu">𐖗𐖴𐖵𐖷</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="shpëresë">𐖴𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖞𐖳𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="jy">𐖧𐖻</w> <w norm="o">𐖮</w> <w norm="djem">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫</w><pc>!</pc> <lb n="2"/> <w norm="do">𐖜𐖮</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mundohi">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖮𐖣𐖥</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="do të">𐖜𐖮𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="vihi">𐖸𐖥𐖣𐖥</w> <w norm="jo">𐖧𐖮</w> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="ta">𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="qeroni">𐖰𐖞𐖱𐖮𐖬𐖥</w> <w norm="po">𐖯𐖮</w> <lb n="3"/> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="sa">𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mundni">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖬𐖥</w> <w norm="ta">𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="shtoni">𐖴𐖵𐖮𐖬𐖥</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="unë">𐖷𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="pa">𐖯𐖗</w> <w norm="andaj">𐖗𐖬𐖜𐖗𐖧</w> <w norm="tërtherta">𐖵𐖟𐖱𐖶𐖞𐖱<lb n="4" break="no"/>𐖵𐖗</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w xml:lang="el" norm="θυσιάζω">𐖶𐖥𐖳𐖥𐖗𐖼𐖮</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="bënj">𐖙𐖟𐖭</w> <w norm="kurban">𐖨𐖷𐖱𐖙𐖗𐖬</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="kaqe">𐖨𐖗𐖰𐖞</w> <w norm="gjëmë">𐖡𐖦𐖟𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="kohë">𐖨𐖮𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="aty">𐖗𐖵𐖻</w> <lb n="5"/> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="njëzet">𐖭𐖟𐖼𐖞𐖵</w><w norm="vjet">𐖸𐖧𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="tu">𐖵𐖷</w> <w norm="bënj">𐖙𐖟𐖭</w> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <emph><w norm="vegllën'">𐖸𐖞𐖡𐖪𐖟𐖬’</w></emph> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="jy">𐖧𐖻</w> <w norm="tashi">𐖵𐖗<lb n="6" break="no"/>𐖴𐖥</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="tutje">𐖵𐖷𐖵𐖧𐖞</w> <w norm="vini">𐖸𐖥𐖬𐖥</w> <w norm="pëlhurën">𐖯𐖟𐖩𐖣𐖷𐖱𐖟𐖬</w><pc>.</pc> </p> <lb n="7"/> <p> <w norm="Mos">𐖄𐖮𐖳</w> <w norm="kujtoni">𐖨𐖷𐖧𐖵𐖮𐖬𐖥</w> <w norm="o">𐖮</w> <w norm="djem">𐖜𐖧𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="këto">𐖨𐖟𐖵𐖮</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="shkruame">𐖴𐖨𐖱𐖷𐖗𐖫𐖞</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w norm="γράμματα">𐖡̆𐖱𐖗<lb n="8" break="no"/>𐖫𐖗𐖵𐖗</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="shoḫëmë">𐖴𐖮𐖤𐖟𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="kanë">𐖨𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="këjo">𐖨𐖟𐖧𐖮</w> <w norm="njerëzia">𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖼𐖥𐖗</w> <w norm="tjetër">𐖵𐖧𐖞<lb n="9" break="no"/>𐖵𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="janë">𐖧𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="rarë">𐖱𐖗𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="qiellit">𐖰𐖥𐖞𐖪𐖥𐖵</w><pc>?</pc> <w norm="dihet">𐖜𐖥𐖣𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="këjo">𐖨𐖟𐖧𐖮</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="se">𐖳𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="gjitha">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖗</w> <lb n="10"/> <w norm="janë">𐖧𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="bërë">𐖙𐖟𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="pej">𐖯𐖞𐖧</w> <w norm="duarsh">𐖜𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖴</w> <w norm="njerëzve">𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖼𐖸𐖞</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="mëndjë">𐖫𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖧𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <lb n="11"/> <w norm="arirë">𐖗𐖱𐖥𐖱𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="ndë">𐖬𐖜𐖟</w> <w norm="dashi">𐖜𐖗𐖴𐖥</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="dini">𐖜𐖥𐖬𐖥</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="para">𐖯𐖗𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="hem">𐖣𐖞𐖫</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <lb n="12"/> <w norm="paka">𐖯𐖗𐖨𐖗</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="aqe">𐖗𐖰𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="pa">𐖯𐖗</w> <w norm="mbaruara">𐖫𐖙𐖗𐖱𐖷𐖗𐖱𐖗</w> <w norm="ishën">𐖥𐖴𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="sa">𐖳𐖗</w> <w norm="njerëzia">𐖭𐖞𐖱𐖟<lb n="13" break="no"/>𐖼𐖥𐖗</w> <w norm="ahere">𐖗𐖣𐖞𐖱𐖞</w> <w norm="mezi">𐖫𐖞𐖼𐖥</w> <w norm="mundnin">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖬𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="punoheshin">𐖯𐖷𐖬𐖮𐖣𐖞𐖴𐖥𐖬</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="to">𐖵𐖮</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <lb n="14"/> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="kohë">𐖨𐖮𐖣𐖟</w> <w norm="pak">𐖯𐖗𐖨</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="pak">𐖯𐖗𐖨</w> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="ndreqnë">𐖬𐖜𐖱𐖞𐖰𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="i">𐖥</w> <w norm="suallë">𐖳𐖷𐖗𐖪𐖟</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <lb n="15"/> <w norm="këtë">𐖨𐖟𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mbaruar">𐖫𐖙𐖗𐖱𐖷𐖗𐖱</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="gjenden">𐖡𐖦𐖞𐖬𐖜𐖞𐖬</w><pc>.</pc> </p> <lb n="16"/> <p> <w norm="Fletorea">𐕹𐖩𐖞𐖵𐖮𐖱𐖞𐖗</w> <pc>(</pc><gloss> <w xml:lang="el" norm="φυλλάδα">𐖠𐖥𐖪𐖗𐖝𐖗</w> </gloss><pc>)</pc> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="dhashë">𐖝𐖗𐖴𐖟</w> <w norm="vjet">𐖸𐖧𐖞𐖵</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="këto">𐖨𐖟𐖵𐖮</w> <lb n="17"/> <emph><w norm="ëve">𐖟𐖸𐖞</w></emph> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="rea">𐖱𐖞𐖗</w> <w norm="për">𐖯𐖟𐖱</w> <w norm="gjuhën">𐖡𐖦𐖷𐖣𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="tënë">𐖵𐖟𐖬𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="panë">𐖯𐖗𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="dritën">𐖜𐖱𐖥𐖵𐖟𐖬</w> <lb n="18"/> <w norm="herën">𐖣𐖞𐖱𐖟𐖬</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="parë">𐖯𐖗𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="mbë">𐖫𐖙𐖟</w> <w norm="stambë">𐖳𐖵𐖗𐖫𐖙𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="si">𐖳𐖥</w> <w norm="pashë">𐖯𐖗𐖴𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="pat">𐖯𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="priturë">𐖯𐖱𐖥<lb n="19" break="no"/>𐖵𐖷𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="mirë">𐖫𐖥𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="ana">𐖗𐖬𐖗</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="vëndit">𐖸𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖥𐖵</w> <w norm="tënë">𐖵𐖟𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥<lb n="20" break="no"/>𐖶𐖟</w> <placeName key="Q222"><w norm="shqipëria">𐖴𐖰𐖥𐖯𐖟𐖱𐖥𐖗</w></placeName> <w norm="rëfeu">𐖱𐖟𐖠𐖞𐖷</w> <w norm="gas">𐖡𐖗𐖳</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="math">𐖫𐖗𐖶</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="njëherë">𐖭𐖟𐖣𐖞<lb n="21" break="no"/>𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="nxunë">𐖬𐖹𐖷𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="këndojnë">𐖨𐖟𐖬𐖜𐖮𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="shkruajnë">𐖴𐖨𐖱𐖷𐖗𐖧𐖬𐖟</w> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="punohen">𐖯𐖷<lb n="22" break="no"/>𐖬𐖮𐖣𐖞𐖬</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="to">𐖵𐖮</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="një">𐖭𐖟</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="nxori">𐖬𐖹𐖮𐖱𐖥</w> <w norm="nga">𐖬𐖡𐖗</w> <w norm="gjithë">𐖡𐖦𐖥𐖶𐖟</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="tremburat">𐖵𐖱𐖞<lb n="23" break="no"/>𐖫𐖙𐖷𐖱𐖗𐖵</w> <w norm="që">𐖰𐖟</w> <w norm="me">𐖫𐖞</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="dreqt">𐖜𐖱𐖞𐖰𐖵</w> <w norm="mundnja">𐖫𐖷𐖬𐖜𐖭𐖗</w> <w norm="të">𐖵𐖟</w> <w norm="keshë">𐖨𐖞𐖴𐖟</w><pc>,</pc> <w norm="e">𐖞</w> <w norm="edyta">𐖞𐖜𐖻<lb n="24" break="no"/>𐖵𐖗</w> <w norm="më">𐖫𐖟</w> <w norm="bëri">𐖙𐖟𐖱𐖥</w> <w norm="zemrë">𐖼𐖞𐖫𐖱𐖟</w> <w norm="jo">𐖧𐖮</w> <w norm="vetëm">𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖟𐖫</w> <w norm="edhe">𐖞𐖝𐖞</w> <w norm="këtë">𐖨𐖟𐖵𐖟</w> <emph><w norm="ëvetar">𐖟𐖸𐖞𐖵𐖗𐖱</w></emph> <!-- WIP --> </p> </div> lqkr6v57kfjz9gzpmx6vy3s6x4mpu6j