Wikipedia sowiki https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogga_Hore MediaWiki 1.45.0-wmf.3 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk Portal Portal talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk 0 1914 275571 275365 2025-06-10T13:43:30Z 161.12.45.16 275571 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Fransiska | common_name = France | native_name = {{Native name|fr|République française}} | image_flag = Flag of France.svg | image_coat = | symbol_width = 75px | symbol_type = [[Diplomatic emblem of France|Emblem]]{{Efn-ur|The current [[Constitution of France]] does not specify a national emblem.<ref>{{Cite constitution|article=II|polity=France|date=1958}}</ref> This [[Diplomatic emblem of France|emblem]] is used by the [[President of France|President]], [[Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (France)|Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 November 2012 |title=The lictor's fasces |url=https://www.elysee.fr/en/french-presidency/the-lictor-s-fasces |website=elysee.fr |language=en}}</ref> and is on the cover of [[French passport]]s. For other symbols, see [[National symbols of France]].}} | national_motto = "{{Lang|fr|[[Liberté, égalité, fraternité]]|italics=no}}" | englishmotto = ("Liberty, Equality, Fraternity") | national_anthem = "[[La Marseillaise]]"<br /><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em">[[File:La Marseillaise.ogg|alt=sound clip of the Marseillaise French national anthem]]</div> | image_map = | map_caption = | capital = [[Baariis]] | coordinates = {{Coord|48|51|N|2|21|E|type:city}} | largest_city = capital | languages_type = Official language<br />{{Nobold|and national language}} | languages = [[French language|French]]{{Efn-ur|name=one|For information about regional languages, see [[Languages of France]].}}{{Infobox|child=yes | regional_languages = See [[Languages of France]] | label1 = Nationality {{Nobold|(2021)}} | data1 = {{Unbulleted list|92.3% [[French people|French]]|7.7% other<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 5, 2022 |title=Share of the population in France 2021, by nationality status |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/466028/distribution-population-nationality-france/ |website=statista.com}}</ref>}}}} | religion_ref = <ref name=religion2021>{{cite web|title=Etat des lieux de la laïcité en France - 2021|url=https://www.gouvernement.fr/sites/default/files/contenu/piece-jointe/2021/02/etat_des_lieux_de_la_laicite_en_france._viavoice_-_observatoire_de_la_laicite._2021.pdf|publisher=Observatoire de la laïcité, [[Government of France]]|type=official statistics|language=fr}}</ref> | religion_year = 2021 | religion = {{ublist|item_style=white-space;|50% [[Christianity]] |33% [[Irreligion|no religion]]|4% [[Islam]]|2% [[Buddhism]]|1% [[Judaism]]|1% other|9% unanswered}} | demonym = French | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Semi-presidential system|semi-presidential]] [[republic]] | leader_title1 = [[President of France|President]] | leader_name1 = [[Emmanuel Macron]] | leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of France|Prime Minister]] | leader_name2 = [[Élisabeth Borne]] | legislature = [[French Parliament|Parliament]] | upper_house = [[Senate (France)|Senate]] | lower_house = [[National Assembly (France)|National Assembly]] | sovereignty_type = [[History of France|Establishment]] | established_event1 = [[West Francia|Kingdom of the West Franks]] - [[Treaty of Verdun]] | established_date1 = 10 August 843 | established_event2 = [[Kingdom of France]] - [[List of French monarchs#House of Capet (987–1792)|Capetian rulers of France]] | established_date2 = 3 July 987 | established_event3 = [[Proclamation of the abolition of the monarchy|French Republic]] - [[French First Republic]] | established_date3 = 22 September 1792 | established_event4 = [[Enlargement of the European Union#Founding members|Founded]] the [[European Economic Community|EEC]]{{Efn-ur|[[European Union]] since 1993}} | established_date4 = 1 January 1958 | established_event5 = [[Constitution of France|Current&nbsp;constitution]] - [[French Fifth Republic]] | established_date5 = 4 October 1958 | area_km2 = 643,801 | area_footnote = <ref name="Field Listing :: Area">{{Cite web |title=Field Listing :: Area |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2147.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140131115000/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2147.html |archive-date=31 January 2014 |access-date=1 November 2015 |website=The World Factbook |publisher=CIA}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> | area_rank = 42nd <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --> | area_sq_mi = 248,600 <!--Do not remove per [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers|WP:MOSNUM]] --> | area_label2 = [[Metropolitan France]] ([[Institut géographique national|IGN]]) | area_data2 = {{Cvt|551695|km2}}{{Efn-ur|name=three|French [[Institut géographique national|National Geographic Institute]] data, which includes bodies of water}} ([[List of countries and dependencies by area|50th]]) | area_label3 = Metropolitan France ([[Cadastre]]) | area_data3 = {{Cvt|543940.9|km2}}{{Efn-ur|name=four|French [[Land registration|Land Register]] data, which exclude lakes, ponds and [[glacier]]s larger than 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) as well as the estuaries of rivers}}<ref>{{Cite journal |year=2011 |title=France Métropolitaine |url=http://www.insee.fr/fr/themes/comparateur.asp?codgeo=METRODOM-1 |url-status=dead |journal=INSEE |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150828051307/http://www.insee.fr/fr/themes/comparateur.asp?codgeo=METRODOM-1 |archive-date=28 August 2015}}</ref> ([[List of countries and dependencies by area|50th]]) | population_estimate = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 68,042,591<ref name="pop_est">{{Cite web |date=17 January 2023 |title=Bilan démographique 2022 - Composantes de la croissance démographique, France |url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/6686993?sommaire=6686521#titre-bloc-1 |access-date=2022-01-27 |website=Insee}}</ref> | percent_water = 0.86 (2015)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Surface water and surface water change |url=https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=SURFACE_WATER# |access-date=11 October 2020 |publisher=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = January 2023 | population_estimate_rank = 20th | population_label2 = Density | population_data2 = {{Pop density|67897000|643801|km2}} ([[List of countries and territories by population density|106th]]) | population_label3 = Metropolitan France, estimate {{As of|lc=y|January 2023}} | population_data3 = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 65,834,837<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 January 2023 |title=Bilan démographique 2022 - Composantes de la croissance démographique, France métropolitaine |url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/6686993?sommaire=6686521#titre-bloc-3 |access-date=2022-01-27 |website=Insee}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 28th | currency = {{Unbulleted list | [[Euro]] ([[Euro sign|€]]) ([[ISO 4217|EUR]]){{Efn-ur|name=six|Whole of the except the overseas territories in the Pacific Ocean}} | [[CFP franc]] (XPF){{Efn-ur|name=seven|French overseas territories in the Pacific Ocean only}} }} | time_zone = [[Central European Time]] | utc_offset = +1 | utc_offset_DST = +2 | time_zone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time]]{{Efn-ur|name=eight|Daylight saving time is observed in metropolitan France and [[Saint Pierre and Miquelon]] only.}} | DST_note = Note: Various other time zones are observed in overseas France.{{Efn-ur|name=nine|Time zones across the span from UTC−10 ([[French Polynesia]]) to UTC+12 ([[Wallis and Futuna]])}}<br /> Although France is in the [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]] (Z) ([[Western European Time]]) zone, [[UTC+01:00]] ([[Central European Time]]) was enforced as the standard time since 25 February 1940, upon [[German military administration in occupied France during World War II|German occupation in WW2]], with a +0:50:39 offset (and +1:50:39 during [[Daylight saving time|DST]]) from Paris [[Local mean time|LMT]] (UTC+0:09:21).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Time Zone & Clock Changes in Paris, Île-de-France, France |url=https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/france/paris |access-date=9 October 2021 |website=timeanddate.com}}</ref> | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy ([[Anno Domini|AD]]) | drives_on = right | calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in France|+33]]{{Efn-ur|name=eleven|The overseas regions and collectivities form part of the [[Telephone numbers in France|French telephone numbering plan]], but have their own country calling codes: [[Guadeloupe]] +590; [[Martinique]] +596; [[French Guiana]] +594; [[Réunion]] and [[Mayotte]] +262; [[Saint Pierre and Miquelon]] +508. The overseas territories are not part of the French telephone numbering plan; their country calling codes are: [[New Caledonia]] +687; [[French Polynesia]] +689; [[Wallis and Futuna]] +681.}} | cctld = [[.fr]]{{Efn-ur|name=ten|In addition to [[.fr]], several other Internet TLDs are used in French overseas ''départements'' and territories: [[.re]], [[.mq]], [[.gp]], [[.tf]], [[.nc]], [[.pf]], [[.wf]], [[.pm]], [[.gf]] and [[.yt]]. France also uses [[.eu]], shared with other members of the European Union. The [[.cat]] domain is used in [[Catalan Countries|Catalan-speaking territories]].}} | footnotes = Source gives area of metropolitan France as 551,500 km² (212,900 sq mi) and lists overseas regions separately, whose areas sum to 89,179 km² (34,432 sq mi). Adding these give the total shown here for the entire French Republic. The CIA reports the total as 643,801 km² (248,573 sq mi). | flag_p1 = Flag of France (1794–1815, 1830–1974, 2020–present).svg }} [[W:Es:Francia]] [[W:Tr:France]] '''Faransiiska''' ({{lang-fr|La France}}; {{lang-ar|فرنسا}}) sida dowliga ah loo yaqaano '''Jamhuuriyadda Faransiiska''' ({{lang-fr|République Française}}; {{lang-ar|الجمهورية الفرنسية}}) waa dalka mid ah dalalka kuyaala galbeedka qaarada [[Yurub]]. farnsiisku waxa uu kakoobanyahy dhul kal fog fog iyo jasiirado kuyaala goobo aad uga fog dhulwaynaha faransiiska waxa kale oo farnsiiska kamida halka looyaqaano [[Faransiis Guyana]] iyo jasiirado aad ubadan oo cidhifyada caalamka kuyaala dadka wadanka farnsiiska udhashay waxa wadankooda ay uguyeedhaan (Hexagone) oo macneheedu tahay Lix geesood. wadanka farnsiisku waxa uu xuduud la wadaagaa Wadamada [[Midowga boqortooyada Britan]] [[Beljim]] [[Luksemburg]] [[Jarmalka]] [[Iswisarland]] [[Talyaaniga]] [[Monako]] [[Andorra]] [[Isbania]] sida oo kale farnsiisku waxa uu xuduud la wadaaga wadamo kabaxsan qaarada [[Yurub]] sida, [[Barasiil]] [[Surinam]] [[Nederlaan Antiilis]]. Farnsiisku waa mid kamida Aasaasayaasha [[Midawga Yurub]].waana wadanka ugu wayn midawga yurub. sidoo kale waxa uu farnsiisku kamid ahaa xubnihii aasaasy [[Qaramada Midoobay]].waxa kale oo kamidyahay xubnaha rigliga ah ee [[GAQM|Golaha Amaanka]] inta badan dadka farnsiiska ahi waxa ay haystaan diinta [[Masiixiyad]] waxa kunool sidoo kale dad gaadhaya ilaa shan milyan oo haysta diinta [[Islaam]]ka == Taariikh dalka == Inta badan dhulka faransiisku waxaa dhulkii ay qabsadeen dadkii lagu magacaabi jiray (Gaule) oo asal ahaan kasoo jeeday meesha looyaqaano katalaaniya.wadanka waxa katalinjirtay ambaradooriyadii roomaanka .kadib xiligii qarnigii 4aad waxaa qabsaday mid kamida qabaa'ilka Jarmaanka.kuwaas oo looyaqaany (Franch).wadnkan maanta looyaqaano farnsiiku waxa uu midoobay markii ugu horaysay sanadii 486.farnsiisku waa wadan leh taariikh aad iyo aad u dheer oo aan lasoo koobi karin. Ka soo gudubka boqortooyadii [[Charles the Great]], Templars ama maxkamada [[Louis XIV]] [[File:Legrand.svg|thumb|right|300px|]] [[File:Tour_Eiffel_Wikimedia_Commons_(cropped).jpg|thumb|right|300px|]] [[File:CF1848_Paris_8e_station_F_Roosevelt_ligne_9_rwk.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Air_France_A350-900.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] ==Boqolkiiba IMF== '''4.9%''' ==Waddamaha Le Degan Fransiiska== * {{Flag|Belgium}}: 250,000+. * {{Flag|Canada}}:8.5+ with Million FRENCH*“Canadien”++: * {{Flag|Italy}}:80,000++..!!’ ==Taariikhda Faranssiiska== [[Claude Monet]] Taariikhdu waxay qortaa in boqorada Faransiiska soo maray uu ka mid yahay [[Napoleon Bonaparte|Napolian Bonabert]] oo dhawr wadan oo [[Yurub]] qabsaday.!!` Faransiiska oo ah dalka ugu weyn wadamada ku yaala galbeedka Yurub sidoo kale waa dalka Sadexaad ee Yurub oo dhan ugu weyn dunnidana waxaa uu ka yahay dalka 42,aad ee ugu weyn dhul ahaan. Caasimada wadanka waa Paris dadka Faransiiska ah waxaa lagu qiyaasaa in ka badan 67 million oo ruux taasi ayaana keentay in loo aqoonsado inuu yahay dalka 20,aad ee dunnida ugu dadka badan iyo dalka labaad ee Yurub oo dhan ugu dad badan. Faransiisku waxaa uu ka mid yahay wadamada la yiraahdo awood ayay leeyihiin illaaa qarnigii 19 aadna waxaa uu ka mid ahaa wadamada dunnidaan wax ka gumaystay. Dalkaan Q,M waxay ku taxgalisaa inuu ka mid yahay wadamada ugu badan ee ay kasoo baxeen dad taariikh ku leh dhanka cilmiga waxaana dalkaan kasoo jeedaa dad badan oo wax badan hindisay. Hay’adda [[UNESCO]] waxaa ay sheegtay in dalka Faransiis waxay u aqoonsatahay dalka 4,aad ee ugu dhaqanka weyn dunnida taas ayaana sabab u ah in si joogto ah ay dalkaasi u booqdaan oo ay u dalxiis tagaan dad tiradoodu gaarayso 83 million oo ruux. Lacagta wadanka waa Yuuroo seedka gaadiidku isku dhaafaana waa dhanka midig luuqada wadanka looga hadlana waa Faransiis.: Xagga dhaqaalaha marka aanu eegno Faransiisku waxaa uu ka mid yahay wadamada ugu waa weyn ee dhaqaalaha leh dalkuna warshado badan ayuu leeyahay. Sidoo kale dalxiiska ayay dawlada Faransiisku dhaqaalo aan yareyn ka heeshaa. Xagga ciidamada Faransiiska oo ka mid ah wadamada ku jira ururka gaashaanbuurta [[NATO]] dawlada Faransa waxay ka mid tahay dawladaha dhaqaalaha badan ku bixiya dhanka ciidamada sidoo kalena dawlada Faransiisku waxay xubin ka tahay 15 xubnood ee golaha amaanka iyo ururka midawga Yurub ururka ganacsiga adduunka ee WTO iyo booliska adduunka ee Interpol. waana dal haysta hubka Nuclear,ka ah. Xagga Diimaha haddii aynu eegno dadka Faransiisku badankood waa masiixiyiin waxana ay dalkaasi ka yihiin 94%. Muslimiin oo dalkaasi dadka ku nool ka ah 4% waxaa tiradooda guud lagu qiyaasaa 5 illaa Milyan. [[File:Gascogne flag.svg|thumb|150px|Blason de Gasconha]] Dhaqan ahaan dadka Faransiiska waxay isku eg yihiin dadka Talyaaniga waxaana dumarka Faransiiska dhaqan ahaan u xirtaan maro u sameysan sida cambuurka oo kale oo dhanka hoose u weyn qaarka sarana u yar halka raggooduna ay xirtaan maryo qamiiska u qaab eg. Dhanka cunnadda dadka Faransiisku waxay dhaqan ahaan u cunaan hilbo la dubay oo haddana maraq loo yeelay oo dalkaasi looga yaqaan Foie gras Ugu dambeyna haddii aanu eegno xagga cayaayara Faransiiska kubbadda cagta aad baa loga xiiseeyaa waxaana xulka K/cagta dalka Faransiisku uu qaaday koob adduun hal mar oo aheyd sanadkii 1998 oo Faransiiska lagu qabtay. Cayaartoyda Faransiiska ayaa Sadex gool iyo waxba kaga adkaaday cayaartii kama dambeysta ee ay la cayaareen xulka dalka [[Brazil]] Sidoo kale xulka Faransiisky waxaa uu guulo ka gaaray cayaaro kale oo caalami ah waxaana dalkaasi kasoo jeeda cayaartoy fara badan oo dhanka cayaaraha sumcad weyn ku leh. == Nolosha == In kabad !74% dadka farnnsiisku waxa ay kunoolyihiin magaalooyinka waawayn magaalda [[Baariis|Baaris]] iyo hareereheeda kaliya waxaa dagan dad gaadhaya ilaa '''9.98 milyan oo qof.dadkuna waxy daganyihiin guryo aad iyo aad udheer.sidoo kale qaar kamida dadka kunool farnsiisku waxy xiiseeyaan in ay degaan guryo qadiima. Nolosha miyiga waxa kunool %24 dadka farnsiiska,waa beeralay,cuntada farnsiisk waa mid kamida cuntooyinka ugu waaweeyn aduunka. == Diinta == Farnsiisku waa dawlad cilmaaniya xoriyada diintuna waa xaq distoori ah.waxay gaadhaysaa tirada [[Masiixiyad]] Kaatooliga ahi %65 dadka aan diinba haysan waxaa lagu qiyaasaa %25 halka islaamku uu yahay %6 dadka faransiiska.!!`? ==Xubinka Tahay:== *[[IMF]] *[[NATO]] *[[Bankiga Aduunka]] *[[Midowga Yurub]] *[[Kooxda Labaatanka]] *[[Qaramada Midoobay]] = Galaria = <gallery> Image:Nizza rue vieux port.jpg|Una carriera de Niça Vielha.• Image:Nice (FR-06000) Promenade des anglais.jpg|Camin dei Anglés.• </gallery> ==Sidoo Kale Fiiri== * {{Flag|European Union}}: 455 Million++: ==sido kale fiiri== *[[Joachim Barrande]] *[[Tour de France]] * [[Sébastien Castellion]] * [[Lefèvre d’Étaples]] * [[Pierre Robert Olivétan]] * [[Simone Arnold Liebster]] ==Tixraac== {{Reflist}} {{gumud}} {{Dalalka Yurub}} {{commons|EU}} [[Category:Faransiiska|Faransiiska]] [[Faransiiska Shanka Republica]] [[Category:Yurub]] 734uyi57vv3lwct9ki3c7zfph0mdxjt 0 2302 275581 272695 2025-06-10T23:40:56Z Abdirahman A Yusuf 41327 275581 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox settlement |official_name =Galdogob |other_name =جلدجب |native_name =<small>''Galdogob''</small> |nickname = |settlement_type =Magaalo |motto = |image_skyline =Galkacyo surroundings west.jpg |imagesize =650px |image_caption =Dusha Magaalada. |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |pushpin_map =Somalia |pushpin_label_position =bottom |pushpin_mapsize = |pushpin_map_caption =Dhacdaa. |coordinates_display =inline,title |coordinates_region =SO-MU |subdivision_type =Country |subdivision_name ={{flag|Somalia}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Gobolka]] |subdivision_type2 =[[Magaalo]] |subdivision_name1 =[[Mudug]] |subdivision_name2 =[[Galdogob]] |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = Gudoomiye |leader_name = Abdulgafar Sheikh Ibrahim Ahmed |established_title = |established_date = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref =Metric |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |population_as_of = 2017 |population_footnotes = <ref name="Rdatp" /> |population_note = (District) |population_total = 155700 |population_density_km2 = |timezone =[[East Africa Time|EAT]] |utc_offset =+3 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |latd=7|latm=1|lats=52|latNS=N |longd=47|longm=1|longs=14.5|longEW=E |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 373 |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name = |blank_info = |website = }} [[File:Galdogob.jpeg|thumb|Galdogob]] {{In use}} '''Galdogob''' waa magaalo ku taala darafyada ugu dambaysa baaraxa Ciid dhinaceeda bari. Maamul ahaan, waa dagmo ka tirsan [[Mudug|Gobolka Mudug]]. Waxaa ay dhinaca galbeed ka xigtaa magaalada Gaalkacyo cabbir ahaan waxa ay u jirtaa galkacyo: {{km|80}}. Galdogob waxaa ay ka mid tahay magaalooyinka ugu waawayn ee maamul goboleedka Puntland Magaalada Galdogob ayaa leh addeeg bulsho oo hagaagsan.magaaladu waxaa ay leedahay koronto joogto ah iyo biyo aan kala go,o lahayn Beel ahaan waxaa daga beesha Leelkase (tanade daarood), Reer Maxamuud, Carab Saalax iyo reer horogle (Madhibaan) ==Dulxaadis== Magalada galdogob waxaa ay ka mid tahay,ahaana jirtay magaalooyinka ugu nabada badan [[Soomaaliya]]. Dadka daga magaalada oo ka kooban qabiillo is fahansan ah kuwo si wada jira oga shaqeeyay nabada.nabada ay ku naalooto galdogob iyo hagarla,aanta jaaliyadaha reer galdogob ee ku nool dibadaha ayaa xawaare aad u xoogan gashay horumarka dhinacyada kala gadisan ee magaalada.inkasta oo ay galdogob ku guulaysatay horumarka xaga dhismaha baaxada leh, adeega bulshada iyo ganacsiga fudud <ref>added new section</ref> ==WAXBARASHADA GALDOGOB== Galdogob waa magaalo ku caan ah waxbarashada iyo aqoonta , Magaalada waxa ku yaaala goobo waxbarasho kuwaasi oo dadwaynuhu kaga faaidaystaan si wanaagsan. Guud ahaan magaalada waxaa ku yaala in kabadan 5 dugsi sare, 3 machad sare, iyo sidoo kale 2 jaamaacadoood.. Dugsiga Sare ee Galdogob ayaa kamid ah iskoolada ugu wanaagsan dhanka tacliinta guud ahaan deeganada Puntland isaga oo kaalmo sare kasoo gala natiijooyinka imtixaaanada Puntland.... Dugsiga Sare ee Caynu Shamsi, dugsiga Kulmiye, dugsiga al-Nuur, dugsiga Cirro, ayaa ah iskuulada kale ee kuyaala magaaalada iyo deegaanada hoos yimaada.. == Suugaanyahanada Galdogob == === Abwaanno gabay === Xagga suugaanta Galdogob waxaa ka soo baxay abwaano caan ka ah dalka Soomaaliya, laguna tixgaliyo awooddoodda cabirka suugaanta, abwaanadaan ayaa waxaa ka mid ah 1- Abwaan hargaanti warsame Hiraabay, oo ah nin si aad ah loogga yaqaan dalka iyo dibada waxana uu ahaa nin hibada hal abuurnimo si qoto dheer ugu laranthy. 2-Abwaan Cabdinaasir Cali Daahir Shabac Dhagadheere oo ah nin looga haybaysto maansada. Sida taariikhda lagu hayo waxaa Galdogob ka soo baxay abwaano ku xeel dheer maansada, dhalinyaro ku dhaadata dhaqanka iyo gabdho ku faanna idaha. Abwaanada taariikhda galay oo aan lagu soo koobi karin bog ama labo waxaan u kala qaybinaynaa labo qaybood. Abwaanada casrigii hore iyo abwaanada casriga hadda joogga. Abwaanada casirigii hore waxaan u samaynaynaa bog ka gaar ah. Abwaanada casriga hadda ah waxaan ka xusaynaa labo ilaa affar, inta kalana waxaad ka raadsataa bogga abwaanada Galdogob. Abwaanada hadda: Gabyaa sare Iyo Halgamayaal Waa Weyn # Cabdiqaadir BagaaG Fanaanka Weyn Ee Soomaaliyeed # Aabihii Calanka Soomaaliyeed Sameeyey Maxamed Cawaale Liibaan # Maxamd faarax idaajaa # Abdiraxman hoosh jibriil oo ah qareen iyo garyaqaan soomaaliyeed (sameeyihii dastuurka somalia ) # Aqoonyahan Abdisalam yusuf haji oo ah macalin aad wax uga badalay sare u qaadida tacliinta degmada. # Dr cabdirisaaq garwayne . Abwaanada aan xusnay ee tusaalaha ah boqolaal abwaan oo kala joogga dalka gudihiisa iyo dibadiisa, waxaa ay ka gabyaan dhammaan xaaladaha kala gedisan ee bulshadda,dalka iyo xaaladaha markaas jira. waxaa jidha in magaaladaani soo saartay qaar ka mid ah dadkii Soomaaliya ugu taariikhda dheeraa, sida Xassan Cadaawe, iyo Cali Daahir Shabac. {{Gumud}} {{Magaalooyinka Gobolka Mudug}} {{Degmooyinka Gobolka Mudug} Aasaaskii Magaalada Galdogob Galdogob waxaa la aasaasay qiyaastii 1956 ama 1957, waxaana aasaasay Axmed Aaden Isxaaq oo ku magac dheeraa Garweyne. Sh.Axmed-Garweyne wuxuu magaalada kasoo noqday Gudoomiyaha Golaha deegaanka Xiliyadii ay tuulada ahayd ilaa heer degmo waase dawladii madaxweyne Maxamed Siyaad. fozbkhut1hhazmf1835pqlohlxa3lsv 0 3330 275585 274877 2025-06-11T00:36:49Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 275585 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Malaysia<!-- The name of the Federation (official name of the state) according to Art 1(1) of the Federal Constitution is, in Malay and English, Malaysia. Nothing more, nothing less. 'Federation of' was only used for the state that preceded Malaysia – Federation of Malaya. Please do not insert 'Federation of' or 'Persekutuan' for Malay name --> | common_name = Malaysia | image_flag = Flag of Malaysia.svg | alt_flag = A blue rectangle with a gold star and crescent in the canton, with 14 horizontal red and white stripes on the rest of the flag | image_coat = Coat of arms of Malaysia.svg | symbol_type = Coat of arms | alt_coat = Shield showing the symbols of the Malaysian states with a star and crescent above and a motto below, supported by two tigers | image_map = {{Switcher|[[File:Malaysia (orthographic projection).svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show globe|[[File:Location Malaysia ASEAN.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show map of Southeast Asia|default=1}} | map_caption = {{map caption |location_color=dark green |region=Asia |subregion= [[ASEAN]] | subregion_color = dark gray}} | national_motto = {{lang|ms|Bersekutu Bertambah Mutu}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mygov.malaysia.gov.my/EN/Main/MsianGov/MsianFlagAndCrest/Pages/MsianFlagAndCrest.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022191931/http://mygov.malaysia.gov.my/EN/Main/MsianGov/MsianFlagAndCrest/Pages/MsianFlagAndCrest.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-date=22 October 2013 |title=Malaysian Flag and Coat of Arms |publisher=Malaysian Government |access-date=9 September 2013}}</ref><br />"[[Unity makes strength|Unity is Strength]]" | national_anthem = {{lang|ms|[[Negaraku]]}}<br />"My Country"{{parabr}}{{center|[[File:Negaraku instrumental.ogg]]}} | capital = {{plainlist| * [[Putrajaya]] (administrative and judicial)<br />{{coord|2|56|N|101|42|E|region:MY|display=inline}} * [[Kuala Lumpur]] (ceremonial and legislative)<br />{{coord|3|8|N|101|41|E|region:MY|display=inline}} }} | largest_city = [[Kuala Lumpur]] | languages_type = '''Official language''' | languages = [[Malaysian language|Malay]]{{efn|Section 9 of the [[National Language Act 1963/67]] states that "The script of the national language shall be the Rumi script: provided that this shall not prohibit the use of the Malay script, more commonly known as the Jawi script, of the national language".}}{{efn|Section 2 of the [[National Language Act 1963/67]] states that "Save as provided in this Act and subject to the safeguards contained in Article 152(1) of the Constitution relating to any other language and the language of any other community in Malaysia the national language shall be used for official purposes".}}{{efn|name=Recognized|See Article 152 of the [[Federal Constitution of Malaysia]] and [[National Language Act 1963/67]].}} | languages_sub = yes | languages2_type = Recognised language | languages2 = [[English language|English]]{{efn|name=Recognized}} | ethnic_groups = {{tree list}} * 69.7% [[Bumiputera (Malaysia)|Bumiputera]] ** 57.3% [[Malaysian Malays|Malay]] ** 12.4% Indigenous groups of [[Sabah]], [[Sarawak]] and [[Orang Asli]] * 22.9% [[Malaysian Chinese|Chinese]] * 6.6% [[Malaysian Indian|Indian]] * 0.8% [[Ethnic origins of people in Malaysia|Others]] | ethnic_groups_year = 2021 | ethnic_groups_ref = <ref name="2021 pop">{{cite web|url=https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2022/01/17/minister-census-shows-malaysias-oldest-man-and-woman-aged-120-and-118-preli/2035636|title=Minister: Census shows Malaysia's oldest man and woman aged 120 and 118; preliminary census findings to be released in Feb 2022|date=17 January 2022 |publisher=Malaymail|access-date=17 January 2022}}</ref> {{sfn|Department of Statistics Malaysia|2021}} | religion = {{ubl|63.5% [[Islam in Malaysia|Islam]] ([[State religion|official]])<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.jac.gov.my/images/stories/akta/federalconstitution.pdf|title=The States, Religion and Law of the Federation|work=Constitution of Malaysia|publisher=Judicial Appointments Commission|access-date=29 October 2017|quote=Islam is the religion of the Federation; but other religions may be practised in peace and harmony in any part of the Federation.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170614105535/http://www.jac.gov.my/images/stories/akta/federalconstitution.pdf|archive-date=14 June 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>|18.7% [[Buddhism in Malaysia|Buddhism]]|9.1% [[Christianity in Malaysia|Christianity]]|6.1% [[Hinduism in Malaysia|Hinduism]]|0.9% Others|1.8% Unknown}} | religion_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/cthemeByCat&cat=117&bul_id=akliVWdIa2g3Y2VubTVSMkxmYXp1UT09&menu_id=L0pheU43NWJwRWVSZklWdzQ4TlhUUT09|title=Distribution and Basic Demographic Characteristic Report 2020|publisher=Department of Statistics, Malaysia|date=14 February 2020|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|access-date=29 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2022|archive-date=22 Bisha Sideedaad 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822014403/https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/cthemeByCat&cat=117&bul_id=akliVWdIa2g3Y2VubTVSMkxmYXp1UT09&menu_id=L0pheU43NWJwRWVSZklWdzQ4TlhUUT09|dead-url=yes}}</ref> | religion_year = 2020 | demonym = [[Malaysians|Malaysian]] | government_type = [[Federal monarchy|Federal]] [[parliamentary system|parliamentary]] [[constitutional monarchy|constitutional]] [[elective monarchy]] | leader_title1 = [[Yang di-Pertuan Agong|Monarch]] | leader_name1 = [[Abdullah of Pahang|Abdullah]] | leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of Malaysia|Prime Minister]] | leader_name2 = [[Anwar Ibrahim]] | legislature = [[Parliament of Malaysia|Parliament]] | upper_house = [[Dewan Negara]] (Senate) | lower_house = [[Dewan Rakyat]] (House of Representatives) | sovereignty_type = [[Independence Day (Malaysia)|Independence]] | sovereignty_note = from the [[United Kingdom]] | established_event1 = [[Federation of Malaya]] | established_date1 = 31 August 1957<ref>{{cite book|author=Mackay, Derek |title=Eastern Customs: The Customs Service in British Malaya and the Opium Trade|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QM5LImNbYusC&pg=PA240|date=2005|publisher=The Radcliffe Press|isbn=978-1-85043-844-1|pages=240–}}</ref> | established_event2 = [[Sarawak Self-government Day|Sarawak self-governance]] | established_date2 = 22 July 1963 | established_event3 = [[North Borneo Self-government Day|North Borneo self-governance]] | established_date3 = 31 August 1963<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.astroawani.com/perspektif/kenapa-kita-takut-dengan-sejarah-22258|title=31 Ogos 1963, Hari kemerdekaan Sabah yang rasmi|publisher=AWANI|date=14 May 2021|access-date=1 September 2021}}</ref> | established_event4 = [[Proclamation of Malaysia]] | established_date4 = 16 September 1963 | area_rank = 67th <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] --> | area_km2 = 330,803 | area_sq_mi = 127,720 | percent_water = 0.3 | population_estimate = 33,871,431<ref>{{Cite CIA World Factbook|country=Malaysia|access-date=24 September 2022}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2022 | population_estimate_rank = 43rd | population_census_year = 2020 | population_census = 32,447,385<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cloud.stats.gov.my/index.php/s/ppMYkLC4kyUzHKn#pdfviewer |title=Population and Housing Census of Malaysia 2020 |publisher=Department of Statistics, Malaysia |page=48 |access-date=23 March 2022 |archive-date=28 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228142122/https://cloud.stats.gov.my/index.php/s/ppMYkLC4kyUzHKn#pdfviewer |url-status=dead }}</ref> | population_density_km2 = 98 | population_density_sq_mi = 254 | population_density_rank = 116th | Gini_year = 2015 | Gini_change = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini = 41 <!--number only--> | Gini_ref = <ref name="wb-gini">{{cite web |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=MY |title=Gini Index |publisher=World Bank |access-date=20 December 2018}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 62nd | currency = [[Malaysian ringgit|Ringgit]] (RM) | currency_code = MYR | date_format = dd-mm-yyyy | time_zone = [[Malaysian Standard Time|MST]] | utc_offset = [[UTC+8|+8]] | drives_on = left | calling_code = [[+60]] | cctld = [[.my]] }} '''Malaysiya''' waa wadan ku yaalo koonfurta bari ee qaarada [[Aasiya]]. wadankaan wuxuu xuduud la leeyahay wadamada [[Filibiin]], [[Thailand|Tayland]],[[Barunay]], [[Singabuur]] iyo [[Indonesia|Indunisiya]]. Caasimada wadanka waa [[Kuala Lumbur]]. Wadanka malaysiya waxaa degan dad gaaraayo ilaa 28,250,000 oo qof,waxa uuna u dhisanyahay dhinaca federaalka. Malaysiya waxaa degan ajaanib kala duwan, waxaa u badan malaysiyaanka ama malaya oo 50% ah inta kale waa ajaanib iskuugu jirto hindi, shiinees iyo kuwo kale. Wadanka malaysiya markiisa hore wuxuu lahaan jiray magacyo badan, mar waxaa la dhihi jiray (wadanka jasiirada Malaysiya) hadaneh waxaa loo bedelay (malaya) 1946dii marka oo wadanka midoobay waxaa loo bixiyay (midowga malayaasha), kadib neh waxaa loo bedelay (federaalka malaya), 1957ii marka ee xornimada qaateen waxee la midoobay gobolo ka mid ah wadanka [[Singabuur]], isla markaas neh waxaa loo bixiyay (malaysiya), Singabuur waxee malaysiya ka go'day waqti labo sano kayar. Isla markaas neh Wadanka Malaysiya wuxuu ku dadaalay dhaqaalihiisa. Wadanka malaysiya waxee 50ka sano ugu horeeysay ka mid noqotay wadamada ugu dhaqaalaha fiican. [[File:Flag of Malaysia.svg|thumb|Calanka Malaysiya]] [[File:Coat of arms of Malaysia.svg|thumb|Jaakad hubka Malaysiya]] == Taariikh == [[Malaysiya]] waxee leedahay taariikh aad u dheer, waxee jiri jirtay 40,000 oo sano ka hor, waxaa wadanka soo gumeestay gumeestihii [[Ingriiska]] laga soo bilaabo sanadkii 1786 ilaa 1963, ingiriisku wuxuu maamuli jiray ama gumaysan jiray shacabka loo yaqaano malaya, ka hor intii lagu dhaqmin federaaliga. [[File:MalaysianParliament.jpg|thumb|right|194px|]] [[File:MountKinabalu from CheSuiKhorPagodaKK-01.jpg|thumb|right|195px|]] [[File:Klcc.jpg|thumb|right|196px]] [[File:LG logo (2014).svg|thump|left|350px|LG Corps..|Dn’tRemvepl.:}}]] [[File:Apple logo grey.svg|thump|left|350px|Abbel Enky.|Dn’tRmvpl.:]] [[File:Samsung Black icon.svg|thump|right|350px|Shmsng Group.|Dn’tRmvpl.:]] Dalka Malaysiya, waxaa u badan dadka Muslimiinta ah ee loo yaqaan malayga waxaa la daga hindi iyo shiinayas. ==Xubin== * [[ADB]] *` * [[AIIB]] *` * [[Asean]] *` * [[Bankiga Aduunka]] * *` * [[Qaramada Midoobay]] * *` * [[Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka]]* * ==Waddnamha La Deggan Malaysiya== * {{Flag|Malaysia}} '''31.000.000'''+;++ <Ref>https://www.newsweek.com/rankings/most-loved-brands-asia-pacific-2024/country-japan</Ref>.: * {{Flag|Indonesia}} 190,000++: * {{Flag|Japan}} 2,000+: *{{Flag|Brunei}} 2,000+: * {{Flag|South Korea}} 500+ <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/s/Soviet_Union.htm {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/s/Soviet_Union.htm |date=20220920163107 }}</ref>.: <Ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_largest_Japanese_companies</Ref>.: ==Sido kale fiiri== *[[Malaysiya visa Dalalka]] {{Dalalka Aasiya}} {{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}} [[Category:Aasiya]] {{commons|Malaysia}} p3d6zaegpy2uhk22edswcd33139r9bk 0 3755 275601 241747 2025-06-11T07:34:50Z 50.20.127.150 Midaesz 275601 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Muammar al-Gaddafi at the AU summit.jpg|thumb| Mucamar Al Qadaafi]] '''Mucamar Maxamed Abuu Minyaar Gadaafi''' ({{lang-ar|معمر محمد أبو منيار القذافي}}; {{lang-en|Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi}})<ref>{{cite web |title=The Prosecutor v. Muammar Mohammed Abu Minyar Gaddafi, Saif al-Islam al-Gaddafi and Abdullah al-Senussi |url=http://www.icc-cpi.int/en_menus/icc/situations%20and%20cases/situations/icc0111/related%20cases/icc01110111/Pages/icc01110111.aspx |work=ICC-01/11-01/11 |publisher=[[International Criminal Court]] |accessdate=5 December 2013 |date=11 November 2011 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=13 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161113152832/https://www.icc-cpi.int/libya/gaddafi?ln=en |dead-url=yes }}</ref> waxaa uu dhashay sanadka marka oo ahaa [[1942]]. waxa uu dhintay 10-10-[[2011]] waxaa uuna ku dhashay magaalada [[Sert]] ee wadanka [[libiya]].Ninkaan ma ahan madaxwaynaha rasmiga ee liibiya.laakiin waxaa lagu magacaabaa hogaamiyaha kacaanka shacbiga ah.taas oo dalka ku qabsaday inqilaab sanadkii.[[1969]].Kadib markii oo inqilaabay boqorkii liibiya katalinjiray ee [[Idiris Asanuusi]].Qadaafi waxaa uu ahaa ilaa yaraantiisii mid aad u jeclaa in ay midoobaan umadaha carbeed.kadib markii uu xukunka qabsadayna waxoo badanaa isku dayay in oo mideeyo carabta oo dhan.Qadaafi waxa uu iskudayay mar badan isku dayay in dawladiisa liibiya oo lamideeyo wadamada carabta, gaar ahaan kuwa [[Suuriya]], [[Suudaan]], [[Masar]], [[Marooko]] iyo [[Aljeeriya]], mana u suutoobin in oo mideeyo.Dhanka kale, qadaafi waxoo aad u necbaa wadamada reer galbeedka, kadib markii ay reer galbeedku ku eedeeyeen in qadaafi oo kadanbeeyay falabadan oo ay kamid aheyd diyaaradii ku kor burburtay tuulada [[lookarbi]] ee woqooyiga [[Ingriiska]] iyo qaraxyo kale oo ka dhan ahaa reer galbeedka.Sidookale qadaafi waxaa lagu eedeeyay in uu caawimo siinjiray jabhada RRA ee kadagaalami jirtay woqooyiga [[Irland]] iyo jabhada (iita) ee kadagaalanta gobolka [[Bask]] ee dalka [[Isbania]].Qadaafi waxey marar aad u badan isaga hor imaadeen reer.galbeedka gaarahaan kuwa [[Mareykanka]] oo ay aad isku necebyihiin.Qadaafi waxaa mar soo wareertay marykanka waxeyna rabeen in ee dilaan, weerarkaas waxaa ku dhintay qadaafi gabartiisa. maanta dalka liibiya waxaa ka socdo mudaaharaadyo looga soo horjeedo Qadaafi xukunkiisa, Ninkaan waxoo askartiisa ku amray in ee dilaan qof kasta oo mudaaharaad sameeyo iyo qof kasto oo ku soo xad gudubto dowladiisa, askartii diido amarkiisa neh toogasho ee ku dilaayaan,qadaafi waa nin xukunka liibiya haayay sanado 40sano ka badan, wadanka malahan baarlamaan ama xiædhibaano, Gadaafi waaxaa waardiyeeyo gabdho oo asiga dortay. gabdhaha waardiyeeyo waxaa la doortaa sandkii mar, waxoona doortaa kuwa ugu quruxda badan. sidoo kale qadaafi wuxuu ahaa nin aad iyo aad u jeclaa sidoo kale inuu mideeyo qaarada afrika laaakiin w =Tixraac= {{Reflist}} {{Gumud}} [[Category:Libiya]] [[Category:Siyaasad]] gvpcvzdvsakzcc5dqbirs8pm3zb16mz 0 3913 275565 275485 2025-06-10T13:04:36Z 161.12.45.16 275565 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Coord|26|N|30|E|dim:1000km_type:country_region:EG|format=dms|display=title}} {{Dalalka |native_name = Jamhuuriyadda Masar ee Carabta<br />''جمهورية مصر العربية'' |conventional_long_name = |common_name = Masar |qaaradda = [[Afrika]] |sawir_calan = Flag_of_Egypt.svg |sawir_qaran =Coat_of_arms_of_Egypt.svg |image_map = Egypt in its region (undisputed).svg |astaan_calan = [[Astaanta Calanka Masar|Bilaadi, Bilaadi, Bilaadi]] |image_map = |caasimadda = [[Qaahiro]] |luuqadaha = [[Arabic|Af-Carabi]] |caasimada = [[Qaahiro]] |Dawladda = &nbsp; |darajo_hogaamiye1 = [[Madaxweyne]]: | GDP_PPP_year = 2023 | GDP_PPP_rank = 15th | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $25,425 | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 18th | GDP_nominal = $451* Billion | GDP_nominal_year = 2023 | GDP_nominal_rank = 45* | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $22,551 | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = |[[Madaxweeyne]]: |darajo_hogaamiye2 = [[Ra'iisul wasaarayaahii Masar|Ra'iisul wasaare]]: |magac_hogaamiye1 = |Abdel-Fattah el-Sisi |magac_hogaamiye2 = |Hishaam Qandiil |sovereignty_type = '''Ka xoroobey''' |sovereignty_note = Gumeystihii:[[Jarmalka]] & [[Ingiriis]]ka. |established_event1 = Taariikhda |established_date1 = 28 [[Febraayo]], 1922 |area = 1,002,450 km2 |areami² = 387,048 sq mi |biyo = 0.632 |population_estimate = 98,987,000 <sup>2</sup> |population_estimate_year = 2021 est* |lacagta = [[Egyptian pound]] |wakhti = Samar (DST) |furaha_debedda = +20 |footnote1 = }} '''Kumaad''' ama '''Masar''' ({{lang-ar|مصر}}; {{lang-en|Egypt}}) oo ay Soomaalidu u taqaano '''wadanka Kumaad''', iyo ay sida dowliga ah loo yaqaano '''Jamhuuriyada Masar ee Carabta''', waa wadan ku yaalo [[Afrika|Woqooyiga Afrika]], wadankaan waxee leedahay buundo dhulka ah oo la dhoho [[Siinaa]], waxeena isku xirta [[afrika]] iyo [[aasiya]]. Wadankaan waxoo xuduud la leeyahay wadamada Libiya, [[Suudaan]], Falastiin iyo gumeesataha Israaiil, Dhinaca woqooyi neh waxaa kaga dhegan [[Bada dhexe]], dhinaca bariga neh waxaa kaga dhegan [[Bada cas]], Caasimada wadanka waa [[Qaahiro]]. Masar waxee ka midtahay wadamada ee ku noolyihiin dad aad u badan marka la fiiriyo wadamada afrika. Wadankaan waxaa degan dad gaaraayo ilaa 79,089,650 oo qof (dad tiriskii 2010), Dadka badankooda waxee degan yihiin magaalo yaasha waaweyn gaar ahaan meelaha oo wabiga [[Niil]] maro. dhinaca kale masar waxee leedahay dhul saxaaro oo aad u weyn, meelahaas neh dad badan ma degeno.Masaarida sxiibo fiican ayee la ahaan jireen madaxda somalida. [[Masar]] waxee ka midtahay wadamada aadka u duqsan, waxeena leedahay taariikh aad dheer. Wadankaan waxaa markiisa hore xukumi jiray boqortooyo, waxaana lagu yaqaanaa ama ee caan ku tahay Mudulada sadax geeska ah oo lagu magacaabo afka ingriiska (Pyramids), waxeena ku yaalaan magaalada [[Gisa]]. Muduladaan sadax geeska ah waxaa la dhisay kumanaan sano kahor, waxaana dhisay adooman oo markaas boqortooyada masar lahaan jirtay. Masar waxee leedahay waxyaabo badan oo taariikhi ah oo lala yaabo. wadanka masar waxee ka midtahay wadamada gumeestaha yurubiyaanka ee qabsadeen. [[Masar]] waa qayb ka mid ah waqooyiga africa oo leh dalal dalxiis ah oo ka mid ah [[Algeria]], [[Tunisia]], [[Libya]], & [[Morocco]]. [[File:Karnak_temple_complex_2012.JPG|thumb|right|400px]] [[File:Kairo_02.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Rafale_-_RIAT_2009_(3751416421).jpg|thumb|right|400px|diraarad masar ciddanka cirka ]] [[File:Mix_Grill_au_Souk_du_Caire.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] Israaʼiil waxay teendhooyin ka dhisteen Buurta Siinay oo Yehowah axdi buu iyaga la dhigtay<ref>[https://www.jw.org/so/wargeysyada/maxaa-cusub/farriinta-kitaabka/ilaahay-baa-reer-binu-israaʼiil-samatabbixiyay/ Ilaahay Baa Reer Binu Israaʼiil Samatabbixiyay]</ref>]] == Magac == Magaca wadanka Masar waxaa ka horeeyay magaca Kumaad. Waxaana la wadaaga magacaas beelo ee [[Misrayom]] wuxuu ahaa farcankii qabiilooyinka Masar (sidoo kale qaar ka mid ah qabiilooyinka aan Masar ahayn), magacana wuxuu la mid ahaa Masar. (Kaasu wuxuu ahaa kii labaad oo wiilashii Xaam: „Wiilashii Xaamna waxay ahaayeen Kuush, iyo Misrayim, iyo Fuud, iyo Kancaan.” [[Kitaabka quduska]], Bilowgii 10:6) Haddaba, erayga “Masar” ee tarjumaadaha Ingiriisiga wuxuu dhab ahaan u tarjumaa Cibraaniga Mits·raʹyim (ama Ma·tsohrʹ dhowr xaaladood). Kiniinnada Amarna, oo la qoray nuskii hore ee kunnigii labaad ee B.C.E., waxay Masar u tixraacaan Misri, oo la mid ah magaca Carabiga casriga ah ee dhulka (Misr) ==Xubin== *[[IMF]] *[[Midowga Afrika]] *[[Bankiga Aduunka]] *[[Amaah - Paris club]] *[[Jaamacada Carabta]] *[[Qaramada Midoobay]] *[[Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka]] ==Waddanmaha Le Deggan Massaridha== * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}:35,000+ * {{Flag|Somaliland}} 14000 * {{Flag|Spain}} 3000 ==Maggaloyiinka== * [[Aswan]] * [[Qaahiro]] * [[Askandariya]] * [[Giza Pyramids]] * [[Jasiira (Qaahiro)]] ==Hadhaarada Masseyridha== Wadanka masar Marka Hore Dadka Asalkoodi Waxay Ahayeen « Africans » Madaxwene Ay DUNIDA uGU jECLAYEEN Wuxuu Ahaa Siyaad Barre waxaa la carbeeyay sanadka marka oo ahaa 639kii, waa markii oo wadanka soo galay qoomiyado carab ah, isla markaas neh dadka masaarida ee bareen luqada af carabiga iyo diinta islaamka, sanadka marka oo ahaa 969kii wadanka waxaa qabsaday shiicada, isla markaas neh waxee sameeyeen wadanka masar, caasimadooda neh waxee ka dhigteen qaahiro. wadankaan waxoo jiray ilaa sanadka marka oo ahaa 1171. Waqtigaas kadib wadanka waxaa qabsaday dad [[Salaaxudiin]] ah, isla markaas neh wadanka diintiisa waxee isku badashay [[sunna]] * [[Siinaa]]_ * [[Jamaal Cabdinaasir]] * [[Yuusuf Alqardaawi]] * [[Biyomareenka Suwees]] {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Egyptian governorates<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20151019093240/http://www.msrintranet.capmas.gov.eg/pdf/EgyptinFigures2015/EgyptinFigures/Tables/PDF/1-%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86/pop.pdf Egypt in Figures 2015, CAPMAS]</ref> ! No. on<br>map ! Name ! Area (km<sup>2</sup>) ! Population (2015) ! Population density (2015) ! Capital |- |01 |[[El Qaahiro Governorate|Qaahiro]] |align = right | {{nts|3,085}} |align = right | {{nts|9,655,000}} |align = right | {{nts|3,009}} |[[El Qahirah]] |- |02 |[[Alexandria Governorate|Alexandria]] |align = right | {{nts|2300}} |align = right | {{nts|4,812,186}} |align = right | {{nts|2092}} |[[Alexandria]] |- |27 |[[Aswan Governorate|Aswan]] |align = right | {{nts|62726}} |align = right | {{nts|1431488}} |align = right | {{nts|23}} |[[Aswan]] |- |22 |[[Asyut Governorate|Asyut]] |align = right | {{nts|25926}} |align = right | {{nts|4245215}} |align = right | {{nts|164}} |[[Asyut]] |- |03 |[[Beheira Governorate|Beheira]] |align = right | {{nts|9826}} |align = right | {{nts|5804262}} |align = right | {{nts|591}} |[[Damanhur]] |- |19 |[[Beni Suef Governorate|Beni Suef]] |align = right | {{nts|10954}} |align = right | {{nts|2856812}} |align = right | {{nts|261}} |[[Beni Suef]] |- |16 |[[Cairo Governorate|Cairo]] |align = right | {{nts|3085}} |align = right | {{nts|9278441}} |align = right | {{nts|3008}} |[[Cairo]] |- |05 |[[Dakahlia Governorate|Dakahlia]] |align = right | {{nts|3538}} |align = right | {{nts|5949001}} |align = right | {{nts|1681}} |[[Mansoura, Egypt|Mansoura]] |- |06 |[[Damietta Governorate|Damietta]] |align = right | {{nts|910}} |align = right | {{nts|1330843}} |align = right | {{nts|1462}} |[[Damietta]] |- |15 |[[Faiyum Governorate|Faiyum]] |align = right | {{nts|6068}} |align = right | {{nts|3170150}} |align = right | {{nts|522}} |[[Faiyum]] |- |09 |[[Gharbia Governorate|Gharbia]] |align = right | {{nts|1942}} |align = right | {{nts|4751865}} |align = right | {{nts|2447}} |[[Tanta]] |- |14 |[[Giza Governorate|Giza]] |align = right | {{nts|13184}} |align = right | {{nts|7585115}} |align = right | {{nts|575}} |[[Giza]] |- |13 |[[Ismailia Governorate|Ismailia]] |align = right | {{nts|5067}} |align = right | {{nts|1178641}} |align = right | {{nts|233}} |[[Ismailia]] |- |04 |[[Kafr El Sheikh Governorate|Kafr El Sheikh]] |align = right | {{nts|3467}} |align = right | {{nts|3172753}} |align = right | {{nts|915}} |[[Kafr El Sheikh]] |- |26 |[[Luxor Governorate|Luxor]] |align = right | 55 |align = right | {{nts|1147058}} |align = right | 20855.6 |[[Luxor]] |- |11 |[[Matruh Governorate|Matruh]] |align = right | {{nts|166563}} |align = right | {{nts|447846}} |align = right | {{nts|2.7}} |[[Marsa Matruh]] |- |20 |[[Minya Governorate|Minya]] |align = right | {{nts|32279}} |align = right | {{nts|5156702}} |align = right | {{nts|160}} |[[Minya, Egypt|Minya]] |- |10 |[[Monufia Governorate|Monufia]] |align = right | {{nts|2499}} |align = right | {{nts|3941293}} |align = right | {{nts|1577}} |[[Shibin El Kom]] |- |21 |[[New Valley Governorate|New Valley]] |align = right | {{nts|440098}} |align = right | {{nts|225416}} |align = right | {{nts|0.5}} |[[Kharga]] |- |08 |[[North Sinai Governorate|North Sinai]] |align = right | {{nts|28992}} |align = right | {{nts|434781}} |align = right | {{nts|15}} |[[Arish]] |- |07 |[[Port Said Governorate|Port Said]] |align = right | {{nts|1345}} |align = right | {{nts|666599}} |align = right | {{nts|496}} |[[Port Said]] |- |11 |[[Qalyubia Governorate|Qalyubia]] |align = right | {{nts|1124}} |align = right | {{nts|5105972}} |align = right | {{nts|4543}} |[[Banha]] |- |25 |[[Qena Governorate|Qena]] |align = right | {{nts|10798}} |align = right | {{nts|3045504}} |align = right | {{nts|282}} |[[Qena]] |- |23 |[[Red Sea Governorate|Red Sea]] |align = right | {{nts|119099}} |align = right | {{nts|345775}} |align = right | {{nts|2.9}} |[[Hurghada]] |- |12 |[[Al Sharqia Governorate|Sharqia]] |align = right | {{nts|4911}} |align = right | {{nts|6485412}} |align = right | {{nts|1321}} |[[Zagazig]] |- |24 |[[Sohag Governorate|Sohag]] |align = right | {{nts|11022}} |align = right | {{nts|4603861}} |align = right | {{nts|418}} |[[Sohag]] |- |18 |[[South Sinai Governorate|South Sinai]] |align = right | {{nts|31272}} |align = right | {{nts|167426}} |align = right | {{nts|5.4}} |[[El Tor, Egypt|El Tor]] |- |17 |[[Suez Governorate|Suez]] |align = right | {{nts|9002}} |align = right | {{nts|622859}} |align = right | {{nts|69}} |[[Suez]] |-class="sortbottom" ! colspan=2 | Total ! 1,010,407 ! 87,963,276 ! |} ==Xubinka Tahay:== * [[IMF]] *[[Midowga Afrika]] * [[Bankiga Aduunka]] *[[Jaamacada Carabta]] * [[Qaramada Midoobay]] * [[Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka]] ==sido kale fiiri== * [[Algeria]] * [[Sudan]] ==Tixraac== {{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}} {{reflist}} {{Dalalka Afrika}} [[Category:Masar]] [[Category:Wadamada Carabta]] {{commons|مصر}} jd9gnldj6i0ctrkk98gcyfh7hwdr39o 0 3939 275567 272926 2025-06-10T13:25:22Z 161.12.45.16 275567 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = {{collapsible list |titlestyle = background:transparent: Font-size:9pt; |title = {{resize|11.5pt|{{nowrap|Boqortooyada Midowday ee Britan iyo Woqooyiga Ireland}}}} }} | common_name = Midowga Boqortooyo | linking_name = the United Kingdom<!--for wikilinks – don't remove "the"--> | image_flag = Flag of the United Kingdom.svg | alt_flag = A flag featuring both cross and saltire in red, white and blue | image_coat = Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom.svg | alt_coat = Coat of arms containing shield and crown in centre, flanked by lion and unicorn | symbol_type = {{nowrap|[[Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom|Royal coat of arms]]{{#tag:ref|The Royal coat of arms used in Scotland:<br /><center>[[File:Coat of arms of the United Kingdom in Scotland.svg|100px]]</center>|}}}} | national_anthem = {{nowrap|"[[God Save the King]]"{{#tag:ref|There is no authorised version of the national anthem as the words are a matter of tradition; only the first verse is usually sung.<ref>''[http://www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchUK/Symbols/NationalAnthem.aspx National Anthem]'', British Monarchy official website. Retrieved 16 November 2013.</ref> No law was passed making "God Save the Queen" the official anthem. In the English tradition, such laws are not necessary; proclamation and usage are sufficient to make it the national anthem. "God Save the Queen" also serves as the [[Honors music|Royal anthem]] for several other countries, namely certain [[Commonwealth realms]].|}}<center>[[File:United States Navy Band - God Save the Queen.oga]]</center>}} | image_map = EU-United Kingdom.svg | alt_map = Two islands to the north-west of continental Europe. Highlighted are the larger island and the north-eastern fifth of the smaller island to the west. | map_caption = {{map_caption | countryprefix = | country = {{nobold|United&nbsp;Kingdom}} | location_color = cagaar | region = Europe | region_color = buni | subregion = [[Midowga Yurub]] | subregion_color = akhtar }} | languages_type = Luuqada koowaad<br />{{nobold|iyo tan wadanka}} | languages = [[Af-Ingiriis]] | languages2_type = '''Luuqado<br />kale''' | languages2 = <nowiki>Af-Kornish, Af-Irish, Af-Iscots]], Af-Iskot</nowiki>&nbsp;Gaelik<!--Keep "Scottish Gaelic"; people will find "Gaelic" confusing, as the Irish language is also commonly called "Gaelic"-->, {{nowrap|Ulster-Scots}}, Af-Welsh{{#tag:ref|Under the [[Council of Europe]]'s [[European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages]], Scots, Ulster-Scots, Welsh, Cornish, Irish and Scottish Gaelic, are officially recognised as [[Regional language|regional]] or [[minority language|minority]] languages by the [[Government of the United Kingdom|British Government]] for the purposes of the Charter. See also [[Languages of the United Kingdom]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://conventions.coe.int/treaty/Commun/ListeDeclarations.asp?CL=ENG&NT=148&VL=1|title=List of declarations made with respect to treaty No. 148|publisher=[[Council of Europe]]|accessdate=12 December 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=12 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212175720/http://conventions.coe.int/treaty/Commun/ListeDeclarations.asp?CL=ENG&NT=148&VL=1|dead-url=yes}}</ref>}} | languages2_sub = yes | ethnic_groups = 87.1%&nbsp;[[Dadka cad]]<br />7.0%&nbsp;[[Aasiya]]an<br />3.0%&nbsp;[[Dadka Madoow]]<br />2.0%&nbsp;Isku-dhaf<br />0.9%&nbsp;Kuwo kale | ethnic_groups_year = [[2011]] | demonym = [[British]], Briton | capital = [[London]] | latd = 51 | latm = 30 | latNS = N | longd = 0 | longm = 7 | longEW = W | largest_city = capital | government_type = [[Dowlad]] [[Baarlamaan]] [[sharci]] | leader_title1 = [[Boqortooyo]] | leader_name1 = Charles III | leader_title2 = Keir Starmer '''PM''' | leader_name2 = | legislature = | upper_house = {{nowrap|Golaha Duqayda}} | lower_house = {{nowrap|Golaha Bulshada}} | sovereignty_type = Samaysanka | established_event1 = {{nowrap|Midowgii 1707}} | established_date1 = {{nowrap|1 May 1707}} | established_event2 = {{nowrap|Midowgii 1800}} | established_date2 = {{nowrap|1 January 1801}} | established_event3 = Madaxbanaanida Ireland | established_date3 = {{nowrap|5 December 1922}} | EUseats = 78. | area_rank = 80th | area_magnitude = 1 E11 | area_km2 = 242,495 | area_sq_mi = 93,628 | percent_water = 1.34 | population_estimate_rank = 22nd | population_estimate = 64,100,000<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/pop-estimate/population-estimates-for-uk--england-and-wales--scotland-and-northern-ireland/2013/index.html |title=Population Estimates for UK, England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, Mid-2013|publisher=Office for National Statistics |accessdate=26 June 2014}}</ref> | population_census = 63,181,775<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/census/2011/uk-census/index.html |title=2011 UK censuses |publisher=Office for National Statistics |accessdate=17 December 2012}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2013 | population_census_year = 2011 | population_census_rank = 22aad | population_density_km2 = 255.6 | population_density_sq_mi = 661.9 | population_density_rank = 51aad | GDP_PPP_year = 2014 | GDP_PPP = $2.435 Trillion | GDP_PPP_rank = 10aad | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $37,744<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2013&ey=2014&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=46&pr1.y=7&c=112&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=United Kingdom |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=1 November 2014 }}</ref> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 27aad | GDP_nominal_year = 2022 | GDP_nominal_rank= 6th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $47,141 | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 22aad | GDP_nominal = $3.758 Trillion Dollars | Gini_year = 2022 | Gini_change = hoos u dhac | Gini = 32.8 | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web|title=Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income (source: SILC)|url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12|publisher=Eurostat Data Explorer|accessdate=13 August 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=4 Bisha Saddexaad 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045123/http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12|dead-url=yes}}</ref> | Gini_rank = 33aad | HDI_year = 2013<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = joogto<!--increase, decrease, or steady--> | HDI = 0.892<!--number only, between 0 and 1--> | HDI_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14-summary-en.pdf |title=2014 Human Development Report |date=14 March 2013 |accessdate=27 July 2014 | pages=22–25}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 14aad | currency = [[Pound £]] | currency_code = GBP | time_zone = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]] | utc_offset = &#8203; | time_zone_DST = BST | utc_offset_DST = +1 | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy&nbsp;([[C.D]]) | drives_on = [[Wado marista baabuurta|bidix]] | calling_code = +44 |cctld = [[.uk]] <!--| national_motto = | religion = | footnotes = --> }} [[w:tr:United Kingdom]] [[W:Th:สหราชอาณาจักร]] '''Boqortooyada Ingiriiska''' ({{lang-en|United Kingdom of Britain}}; {{lang-ar|المملكة المتحدة}}) (loo soo gaabiyo '''[[UK]]''') ama sida kale loo yaqaan '''Boqortooyada Midowday''' waa wadan ku yaalo waqooyi galbeed qaarada [[Yurub]]. Midowga boqortooyadani waa [[gasiirad]] ka go'an qaarada Yurub inteeda kale….!!’ [[File:Costa_Coffee_logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Class_377s_at_London_Victoria_platforms_18_&_19.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:London_Wembley.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Tesco_Logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:HMS_Tamar_sailing_past_Canary_Wharf_as_it_leaves_London_September_2020..jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] Britain waxee ka koobantahay, Gobolada [[Ingiriiska]], [[Skotland]], [[Waalis]] iyo [[Woqooyiga Irland]]. Wadanka Britain waa wadanka ugu badan caalamka xaga gumeysiga sida aysheegen qorayaasha calamku isagoo lagu xusuusto gumaysigii u caalamka intiisa badan ku gumaystey ahna imika wadanka caalamka ugu xooga badan waa wadan aad iyo aad dadkiisu xadaarada ugu dheerayan waana wadanka koobad ee dadka madow ictiraafay wadankaa waxaa lagu xasuusta doorkii uu ka qaatey dagaalki labaad ee aduunka waa door layaab leh isagoo Ingiriisku uu qabsadey caasimadii Hitler uu ka talinayey ee barlin isaga iyo maraykanka iyo farance inkastoo anay dawladahaa an hore kusoo xusay anay waxba ka qabsan balse uu isagu siyaasadii lagu qabsadey fikradeeda bixiyey go. Aankii lagu gaadhey magaalada london ee caasimada wadanka ingiriiska ee ahaa ina aduunka laga tirtiro xasuusta [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler]] oo la hirgaliyey [[1945]] oo laga qabsadey dhamaanba wadamadii ugumaysanayey iyo wadankii [[Jarmal]]ka. 1707 Falimaha Rasuullada Midawga Yurub waxay ku dhawaaqeen in Boqortooyada Ingriiska iyo Scotland ay ahaayeen "United hal boqortooyo Magaca Boqortooyada Ingiriiska", inkasta oo dawlad cusub ay sidoo kale lagu sharxay Falimaha Rasuullada "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska", "Boqortooyada Midowday "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska" iyo "One Kingdom". Ereyga "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska" waxaa laga helaa isticmaalka sida sharaxaad, laakiin maaha magac, qarnigii 18aad, waddankana marmarka qaarkood loo gudbiyo in kastoo qarniyadii danbe ay ahayd "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska", inkastoo magaceeda rasmiga ah oo buuxa, laga bilaabo 1707 ilaa 1800, wuxuu ahaa "Great Britain", oo aan lahayn "qaab dheer". Falimaha Rasmiga ah ee 1800 waxay midoobeen Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Boqortooyada Ireland 1801, oo samaysay Boqortooyada Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Ireland. Kadib qeybtii Ireland iyo madax-bannaanidii Irish Free State sanadkii 1922-kii, oo ka tagtay Northern Ireland oo ah qaybta kaliya ee jasiiradda Irland ee ku taal Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, magaca "Boqortooyada Great Britain iyo Northern Ireland". Ereyga "Britain" waxaa loo isticmaalaa labada isku mid ah Iskuullada Great Britain, iyo sida isku midka ah Boqortooyada Ingiriiska Isticmaalka waa isku dhafan yahay, BBC-da ayaa doorbideysa inay Britain u isticmaasho kaliya Ingiriiska oo keliya Britain iyo Dawladda Ingiriiska, inkasta oo ay aqbali karaan in labaduba tixraacaan Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, doorbidid, xaaladaha intooda badan, si ay u adeegsadaan ereyga UK halkii Ingiriiska. Inkasta oo Guddiga Joogtada ah ee UK ee Magacyada Juquraafiyiinta (oo qeexaya ay yihiin "magacyada joqoraafiga ah ee Boqortooyada Ingiriiska") waxay ku taxan yihiin "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska" iyo "UK ama U.K." sida gaaban oo loo soo gaabiyo shuruudaha geopolitical ee Boqortooyada Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Waqooyiga Ayrland, laakiin ma liisto "Britain", waxaa loo isticmaalay "si aan rasmi ah" shabakadaha dowladda. Sifaynta "British" ayaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu tilmaamo arrimaha ku saabsan Boqortooyada Ingiriiska. Ereygan ma laha xidhiidh sharci oo qeexan, laakiin waxaa loo adeegsadaa sharciga si uu ugu gudbiyo muwaadinimada Ingiriiska iyo arrimaha muwaadiniinta. Dadka reer Boqortooyada Ingiriiska waxay isticmaalaan dhowr shuruudood oo kala duwan si ay u sharaxaan aqoonsigooda qaran waxayna u aqoonsan karaan inay yihiin British; ama sida ingiriiska, Scottish, Welsh, Irish Waqooyi ama Irish; ama labadaba. Welsh, magaca qaabka dheer ee gobolka waa "Teyrnas Unedig Prydain Fawr a Gogledd Iwerddon", iyada oo "Teyrnas Unedig" loo adeegsanayo magaca qaab gaaban bogagga dowladda. Si kastaba ha noqotee, waxaa badanaa loo soo gaabiyaa "DU" ee foomka isbedelka "Y Deyrnas Unedig". Scottish Gaelic, qaabka dheer waa "Rìoghachd Aonaichte Bhreatainn waa Èireann Tut" iyo foomka gaaban "Rìoghachd Aonaichte". Kadib dhammaadkii Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka 1945, Ingiriiska wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah Afarta Weyn ee awoodda (oo ay weheliyaan Maraykanka, Midowga Soofiyeeti iyo Shiinaha) kuwaas oo la kulmay qorshe hawleedka dagaalka ka dib; wuxuu ahaa saxiixa asalka ah ee Baaqa Qaramada Midoobay. Ingiriiska wuxuu noqday mid ka mid ah shanta xubnood ee joogtada ah ee Golaha Amaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay wuxuuna si dhow ula shaqeeyay Maraykanka si loo dhiso IMF, Baanka Adduunka iyo NATO. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dagaalku wuxuu ka tagay UK si aad u daciifiyay oo ku tiirsan dhaqaale ahaan qorshaha Marshall. Sannadihii ugu dambeeyay dagaalkii, xukuumadda Shaqaaluhu waxay bilowday barnaamij xagjir ah oo dib-u-habeyn ah, taas oo saameyn weyn ku yeelatay bulshada Britishka tobaneeyo sano ka dib. Warshadaha waawayn iyo adeegyada dadweynaha ayaa la qariyey, dawlad bulsho ayaa la aasaasay, iyo nidaam daryeel caafimaad oo dhameystiran oo dadweyne loo bixiyo, Adeegga Caafimaadka Qaranka, ayaa la sameeyay. Korodhka qaranimada ee gumeysiga ayaa ku habsaday xuduudaha dhaqaale ee Britain ee hadda taagan, sidaas darteed siyaasad-dejin la'aan ayaa ahayd mid aan la iska tuuri karin. Independence waxaa la siiyey [[Hindiya]] iyo [[Bakistaan]] sanadkii 1947. In ka badan saddexda sano ee soo socota, kolonyadii badankood ee Boqortooyada Ingiriisku waxay xorowday. Dad badan ayaa noqday xubno ka tirsan Commonwealth Nations.:• <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/english-speaking-countries</Ref>.:• ==Boqolkiiba IMF== 4.9% ==Xubin== *''[[G7]]''*` *''[[IMF]]''*` *'''[[Bankiga Aduunka]]'''* *` *'''[[Kooxda Labaatanka]]'''* *` *'''[[Qaramada Midoobay]]'''* *` ==Dadka Deggan United Kingdom== * {{flag|France}} 140,000+ * {{Flag|United States}}100,000+ * {{Flag|Canada}}: 250,000+ * {{Flag|Egypt}} 50,000++ ==Sidoo kale fiiri== * {{Flag|Australia}} * {{Flag|Brazil}} * {{Flag|Argentina}} ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} {{Dalalka Yurub}} [[Category:Midowga boqortooyada Britan| ]] m542n6td3ocszandj6oowp49ko8jsxk 275568 275567 2025-06-10T13:31:45Z 161.12.45.16 275568 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = {{collapsible list |titlestyle = background:transparent: Font-size:9pt; |title = {{resize|11.5pt|{{nowrap|Boqortooyada Midowday ee Britan iyo Woqooyiga Ireland}}}} }} | common_name = Midowga Boqortooyo | linking_name = the United Kingdom<!--for wikilinks – don't remove "the"--> | image_flag = Flag of the United Kingdom.svg | alt_flag = A flag featuring both cross and saltire in red, white and blue | image_coat = Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom.svg | alt_coat = Coat of arms containing shield and crown in centre, flanked by lion and unicorn | symbol_type = {{nowrap|[[Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom|Royal coat of arms]]{{#tag:ref|The Royal coat of arms used in Scotland:<br /><center>[[File:Coat of arms of the United Kingdom in Scotland.svg|100px]]</center>|}}}} | national_anthem = {{nowrap|"[[God Save the King]]"{{#tag:ref|There is no authorised version of the national anthem as the words are a matter of tradition; only the first verse is usually sung.<ref>''[http://www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchUK/Symbols/NationalAnthem.aspx National Anthem]'', British Monarchy official website. Retrieved 16 November 2013.</ref> No law was passed making "God Save the Queen" the official anthem. In the English tradition, such laws are not necessary; proclamation and usage are sufficient to make it the national anthem. "God Save the Queen" also serves as the [[Honors music|Royal anthem]] for several other countries, namely certain [[Commonwealth realms]].|}}<center>[[File:United States Navy Band - God Save the Queen.oga]]</center>}} | image_map = EU-United Kingdom.svg | alt_map = Two islands to the north-west of continental Europe. Highlighted are the larger island and the north-eastern fifth of the smaller island to the west. | map_caption = {{map_caption | countryprefix = | country = {{nobold|United&nbsp;Kingdom}} | location_color = cagaar | region = Europe | region_color = buni | subregion = [[Midowga Yurub]] | subregion_color = akhtar }} | languages_type = Luuqada koowaad<br />{{nobold|iyo tan wadanka}} | languages = [[Af-Ingiriis]] | languages2_type = '''Luuqado<br />kale''' | languages2 = <nowiki>Af-Kornish, Af-Irish, Af-Iscots]], Af-Iskot</nowiki>&nbsp;Gaelik<!--Keep "Scottish Gaelic"; people will find "Gaelic" confusing, as the Irish language is also commonly called "Gaelic"-->, {{nowrap|Ulster-Scots}}, Af-Welsh{{#tag:ref|Under the [[Council of Europe]]'s [[European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages]], Scots, Ulster-Scots, Welsh, Cornish, Irish and Scottish Gaelic, are officially recognised as [[Regional language|regional]] or [[minority language|minority]] languages by the [[Government of the United Kingdom|British Government]] for the purposes of the Charter. See also [[Languages of the United Kingdom]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://conventions.coe.int/treaty/Commun/ListeDeclarations.asp?CL=ENG&NT=148&VL=1|title=List of declarations made with respect to treaty No. 148|publisher=[[Council of Europe]]|accessdate=12 December 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=12 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212175720/http://conventions.coe.int/treaty/Commun/ListeDeclarations.asp?CL=ENG&NT=148&VL=1|dead-url=yes}}</ref>}} | languages2_sub = yes | ethnic_groups = 87.1%&nbsp;[[Dadka cad]]<br />7.0%&nbsp;[[Aasiya]]an<br />3.0%&nbsp;[[Dadka Madoow]]<br />2.0%&nbsp;Isku-dhaf<br />0.9%&nbsp;Kuwo kale | ethnic_groups_year = [[2011]] | demonym = [[British]], Briton | capital = [[London]] | latd = 51 | latm = 30 | latNS = N | longd = 0 | longm = 7 | longEW = W | largest_city = capital | government_type = [[Dowlad]] [[Baarlamaan]] [[sharci]] | leader_title1 = [[Boqortooyo]] | leader_name1 = Charles III | leader_title2 = Keir Starmer '''PM''' | leader_name2 = | legislature = | upper_house = {{nowrap|Golaha Duqayda}} | lower_house = {{nowrap|Golaha Bulshada}} | sovereignty_type = Samaysanka | established_event1 = {{nowrap|Midowgii 1707}} | established_date1 = {{nowrap|1 May 1707}} | established_event2 = {{nowrap|Midowgii 1800}} | established_date2 = {{nowrap|1 January 1801}} | established_event3 = Madaxbanaanida Ireland | established_date3 = {{nowrap|5 December 1922}} | EUseats = 78. | area_rank = 80th | area_magnitude = 1 E11 | area_km2 = 242,495 | area_sq_mi = 93,628 | percent_water = 1.34 | population_estimate_rank = 22nd | population_estimate = 64,100,000<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/pop-estimate/population-estimates-for-uk--england-and-wales--scotland-and-northern-ireland/2013/index.html |title=Population Estimates for UK, England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, Mid-2013|publisher=Office for National Statistics |accessdate=26 June 2014}}</ref> | population_census = 63,181,775<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/census/2011/uk-census/index.html |title=2011 UK censuses |publisher=Office for National Statistics |accessdate=17 December 2012}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2013 | population_census_year = 2011 | population_census_rank = 22aad | population_density_km2 = 255.6 | population_density_sq_mi = 661.9 | population_density_rank = 51aad | GDP_PPP_year = 2014 | GDP_PPP = $2.435 Trillion | GDP_PPP_rank = 10aad | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $37,744<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2013&ey=2014&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=46&pr1.y=7&c=112&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=United Kingdom |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=1 November 2014 }}</ref> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 27aad | GDP_nominal_year = 2022 | GDP_nominal_rank= 6th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $47,141 | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 22aad | GDP_nominal = $3.758 Trillion Dollars | Gini_year = 2022 | Gini_change = hoos u dhac | Gini = 32.8 | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web|title=Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income (source: SILC)|url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12|publisher=Eurostat Data Explorer|accessdate=13 August 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=4 Bisha Saddexaad 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045123/http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12|dead-url=yes}}</ref> | Gini_rank = 33aad | HDI_year = 2013<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = joogto<!--increase, decrease, or steady--> | HDI = 0.892<!--number only, between 0 and 1--> | HDI_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14-summary-en.pdf |title=2014 Human Development Report |date=14 March 2013 |accessdate=27 July 2014 | pages=22–25}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 14aad | currency = [[Pound £]] | currency_code = GBP | time_zone = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]] | utc_offset = &#8203; | time_zone_DST = BST | utc_offset_DST = +1 | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy&nbsp;([[C.D]]) | drives_on = [[Wado marista baabuurta|bidix]] | calling_code = +44 |cctld = [[.uk]] <!--| national_motto = | religion = | footnotes = --> }} [[w:tr:United Kingdom]] [[W:Th:สหราชอาณาจักร]] '''Boqortooyada Ingiriiska''' ({{lang-en|United Kingdom of Britain}}; {{lang-ar|المملكة المتحدة}}) (loo soo gaabiyo '''[[UK]]''') ama sida kale loo yaqaan '''Boqortooyada Midowday''' waa wadan ku yaalo waqooyi galbeed qaarada [[Yurub]]. Midowga boqortooyadani waa [[gasiirad]] ka go'an qaarada Yurub inteeda kale….!!’ [[File:Thomas_Cook_Airlines_Boeing_767-31KER;_G-TCCB@MAN;14.05.2011_596gp_(5732967832).jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Class_377s_at_London_Victoria_platforms_18_&_19.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:London_Wembley.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Imperial_Chemical_Industries_(logo).svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:HMS_Tamar_sailing_past_Canary_Wharf_as_it_leaves_London_September_2020..jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] Britain waxee ka koobantahay, Gobolada [[Ingiriiska]], [[Skotland]], [[Waalis]] iyo [[Woqooyiga Irland]]. Wadanka Britain waa wadanka ugu badan caalamka xaga gumeysiga sida aysheegen qorayaasha calamku isagoo lagu xusuusto gumaysigii u caalamka intiisa badan ku gumaystey ahna imika wadanka caalamka ugu xooga badan waa wadan aad iyo aad dadkiisu xadaarada ugu dheerayan waana wadanka koobad ee dadka madow ictiraafay wadankaa waxaa lagu xasuusta doorkii uu ka qaatey dagaalki labaad ee aduunka waa door layaab leh isagoo Ingiriisku uu qabsadey caasimadii Hitler uu ka talinayey ee barlin isaga iyo maraykanka iyo farance inkastoo anay dawladahaa an hore kusoo xusay anay waxba ka qabsan balse uu isagu siyaasadii lagu qabsadey fikradeeda bixiyey go. Aankii lagu gaadhey magaalada london ee caasimada wadanka ingiriiska ee ahaa ina aduunka laga tirtiro xasuusta [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler]] oo la hirgaliyey [[1945]] oo laga qabsadey dhamaanba wadamadii ugumaysanayey iyo wadankii [[Jarmal]]ka. 1707 Falimaha Rasuullada Midawga Yurub waxay ku dhawaaqeen in Boqortooyada Ingriiska iyo Scotland ay ahaayeen "United hal boqortooyo Magaca Boqortooyada Ingiriiska", inkasta oo dawlad cusub ay sidoo kale lagu sharxay Falimaha Rasuullada "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska", "Boqortooyada Midowday "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska" iyo "One Kingdom". Ereyga "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska" waxaa laga helaa isticmaalka sida sharaxaad, laakiin maaha magac, qarnigii 18aad, waddankana marmarka qaarkood loo gudbiyo in kastoo qarniyadii danbe ay ahayd "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska", inkastoo magaceeda rasmiga ah oo buuxa, laga bilaabo 1707 ilaa 1800, wuxuu ahaa "Great Britain", oo aan lahayn "qaab dheer". Falimaha Rasmiga ah ee 1800 waxay midoobeen Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Boqortooyada Ireland 1801, oo samaysay Boqortooyada Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Ireland. Kadib qeybtii Ireland iyo madax-bannaanidii Irish Free State sanadkii 1922-kii, oo ka tagtay Northern Ireland oo ah qaybta kaliya ee jasiiradda Irland ee ku taal Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, magaca "Boqortooyada Great Britain iyo Northern Ireland". Ereyga "Britain" waxaa loo isticmaalaa labada isku mid ah Iskuullada Great Britain, iyo sida isku midka ah Boqortooyada Ingiriiska Isticmaalka waa isku dhafan yahay, BBC-da ayaa doorbideysa inay Britain u isticmaasho kaliya Ingiriiska oo keliya Britain iyo Dawladda Ingiriiska, inkasta oo ay aqbali karaan in labaduba tixraacaan Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, doorbidid, xaaladaha intooda badan, si ay u adeegsadaan ereyga UK halkii Ingiriiska. Inkasta oo Guddiga Joogtada ah ee UK ee Magacyada Juquraafiyiinta (oo qeexaya ay yihiin "magacyada joqoraafiga ah ee Boqortooyada Ingiriiska") waxay ku taxan yihiin "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska" iyo "UK ama U.K." sida gaaban oo loo soo gaabiyo shuruudaha geopolitical ee Boqortooyada Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Waqooyiga Ayrland, laakiin ma liisto "Britain", waxaa loo isticmaalay "si aan rasmi ah" shabakadaha dowladda. Sifaynta "British" ayaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu tilmaamo arrimaha ku saabsan Boqortooyada Ingiriiska. Ereygan ma laha xidhiidh sharci oo qeexan, laakiin waxaa loo adeegsadaa sharciga si uu ugu gudbiyo muwaadinimada Ingiriiska iyo arrimaha muwaadiniinta. Dadka reer Boqortooyada Ingiriiska waxay isticmaalaan dhowr shuruudood oo kala duwan si ay u sharaxaan aqoonsigooda qaran waxayna u aqoonsan karaan inay yihiin British; ama sida ingiriiska, Scottish, Welsh, Irish Waqooyi ama Irish; ama labadaba. Welsh, magaca qaabka dheer ee gobolka waa "Teyrnas Unedig Prydain Fawr a Gogledd Iwerddon", iyada oo "Teyrnas Unedig" loo adeegsanayo magaca qaab gaaban bogagga dowladda. Si kastaba ha noqotee, waxaa badanaa loo soo gaabiyaa "DU" ee foomka isbedelka "Y Deyrnas Unedig". Scottish Gaelic, qaabka dheer waa "Rìoghachd Aonaichte Bhreatainn waa Èireann Tut" iyo foomka gaaban "Rìoghachd Aonaichte". Kadib dhammaadkii Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka 1945, Ingiriiska wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah Afarta Weyn ee awoodda (oo ay weheliyaan Maraykanka, Midowga Soofiyeeti iyo Shiinaha) kuwaas oo la kulmay qorshe hawleedka dagaalka ka dib; wuxuu ahaa saxiixa asalka ah ee Baaqa Qaramada Midoobay. Ingiriiska wuxuu noqday mid ka mid ah shanta xubnood ee joogtada ah ee Golaha Amaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay wuxuuna si dhow ula shaqeeyay Maraykanka si loo dhiso IMF, Baanka Adduunka iyo NATO. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dagaalku wuxuu ka tagay UK si aad u daciifiyay oo ku tiirsan dhaqaale ahaan qorshaha Marshall. Sannadihii ugu dambeeyay dagaalkii, xukuumadda Shaqaaluhu waxay bilowday barnaamij xagjir ah oo dib-u-habeyn ah, taas oo saameyn weyn ku yeelatay bulshada Britishka tobaneeyo sano ka dib. Warshadaha waawayn iyo adeegyada dadweynaha ayaa la qariyey, dawlad bulsho ayaa la aasaasay, iyo nidaam daryeel caafimaad oo dhameystiran oo dadweyne loo bixiyo, Adeegga Caafimaadka Qaranka, ayaa la sameeyay. Korodhka qaranimada ee gumeysiga ayaa ku habsaday xuduudaha dhaqaale ee Britain ee hadda taagan, sidaas darteed siyaasad-dejin la'aan ayaa ahayd mid aan la iska tuuri karin. Independence waxaa la siiyey [[Hindiya]] iyo [[Bakistaan]] sanadkii 1947. In ka badan saddexda sano ee soo socota, kolonyadii badankood ee Boqortooyada Ingiriisku waxay xorowday. Dad badan ayaa noqday xubno ka tirsan Commonwealth Nations.:• <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/english-speaking-countries</Ref>.:• ==Boqolkiiba IMF== 4.9% ==Xubin== *''[[G7]]''*` *''[[IMF]]''*` *'''[[Bankiga Aduunka]]'''* *` *'''[[Kooxda Labaatanka]]'''* *` *'''[[Qaramada Midoobay]]'''* *` ==Dadka Deggan United Kingdom== * {{flag|France}} 140,000+ * {{Flag|United States}}100,000+ * {{Flag|Canada}}: 250,000+ * {{Flag|Egypt}} 50,000++ ==Sidoo kale fiiri== * {{Flag|Australia}} * {{Flag|Brazil}} * {{Flag|Argentina}} ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} {{Dalalka Yurub}} [[Category:Midowga boqortooyada Britan| ]] eyujyqcbure9voa8miak5l3usw0dpjs 275569 275568 2025-06-10T13:36:47Z 161.12.45.16 275569 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = {{collapsible list |titlestyle = background:transparent: Font-size:9pt; |title = {{resize|11.5pt|{{nowrap|Boqortooyada Midowday ee Britan iyo Woqooyiga Ireland}}}} }} | common_name = Midowga Boqortooyo | linking_name = the United Kingdom<!--for wikilinks – don't remove "the"--> | image_flag = Flag of the United Kingdom.svg | alt_flag = A flag featuring both cross and saltire in red, white and blue | image_coat = Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom.svg | alt_coat = Coat of arms containing shield and crown in centre, flanked by lion and unicorn | symbol_type = {{nowrap|[[Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom|Royal coat of arms]]{{#tag:ref|The Royal coat of arms used in Scotland:<br /><center>[[File:Coat of arms of the United Kingdom in Scotland.svg|100px]]</center>|}}}} | national_anthem = {{nowrap|"[[God Save the King]]"{{#tag:ref|There is no authorised version of the national anthem as the words are a matter of tradition; only the first verse is usually sung.<ref>''[http://www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchUK/Symbols/NationalAnthem.aspx National Anthem]'', British Monarchy official website. Retrieved 16 November 2013.</ref> No law was passed making "God Save the Queen" the official anthem. In the English tradition, such laws are not necessary; proclamation and usage are sufficient to make it the national anthem. "God Save the Queen" also serves as the [[Honors music|Royal anthem]] for several other countries, namely certain [[Commonwealth realms]].|}}<center>[[File:United States Navy Band - God Save the Queen.oga]]</center>}} | image_map = EU-United Kingdom.svg | alt_map = Two islands to the north-west of continental Europe. Highlighted are the larger island and the north-eastern fifth of the smaller island to the west. | map_caption = {{map_caption | countryprefix = | country = {{nobold|United&nbsp;Kingdom}} | location_color = cagaar | region = Europe | region_color = buni | subregion = [[Midowga Yurub]] | subregion_color = akhtar }} | languages_type = Luuqada koowaad<br />{{nobold|iyo tan wadanka}} | languages = [[Af-Ingiriis]] | languages2_type = '''Luuqado<br />kale''' | languages2 = <nowiki>Af-Kornish, Af-Irish, Af-Iscots]], Af-Iskot</nowiki>&nbsp;Gaelik<!--Keep "Scottish Gaelic"; people will find "Gaelic" confusing, as the Irish language is also commonly called "Gaelic"-->, {{nowrap|Ulster-Scots}}, Af-Welsh{{#tag:ref|Under the [[Council of Europe]]'s [[European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages]], Scots, Ulster-Scots, Welsh, Cornish, Irish and Scottish Gaelic, are officially recognised as [[Regional language|regional]] or [[minority language|minority]] languages by the [[Government of the United Kingdom|British Government]] for the purposes of the Charter. See also [[Languages of the United Kingdom]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://conventions.coe.int/treaty/Commun/ListeDeclarations.asp?CL=ENG&NT=148&VL=1|title=List of declarations made with respect to treaty No. 148|publisher=[[Council of Europe]]|accessdate=12 December 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=12 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212175720/http://conventions.coe.int/treaty/Commun/ListeDeclarations.asp?CL=ENG&NT=148&VL=1|dead-url=yes}}</ref>}} | languages2_sub = yes | ethnic_groups = 87.1%&nbsp;[[Dadka cad]]<br />7.0%&nbsp;[[Aasiya]]an<br />3.0%&nbsp;[[Dadka Madoow]]<br />2.0%&nbsp;Isku-dhaf<br />0.9%&nbsp;Kuwo kale | ethnic_groups_year = [[2011]] | demonym = [[British]], Briton | capital = [[London]] | latd = 51 | latm = 30 | latNS = N | longd = 0 | longm = 7 | longEW = W | largest_city = capital | government_type = [[Dowlad]] [[Baarlamaan]] [[sharci]] | leader_title1 = [[Boqortooyo]] | leader_name1 = Charles III | leader_title2 = Keir Starmer '''PM''' | leader_name2 = | legislature = | upper_house = {{nowrap|Golaha Duqayda}} | lower_house = {{nowrap|Golaha Bulshada}} | sovereignty_type = Samaysanka | established_event1 = {{nowrap|Midowgii 1707}} | established_date1 = {{nowrap|1 May 1707}} | established_event2 = {{nowrap|Midowgii 1800}} | established_date2 = {{nowrap|1 January 1801}} | established_event3 = Madaxbanaanida Ireland | established_date3 = {{nowrap|5 December 1922}} | EUseats = 78. | area_rank = 80th | area_magnitude = 1 E11 | area_km2 = 242,495 | area_sq_mi = 93,628 | percent_water = 1.34 | population_estimate_rank = 22nd | population_estimate = 64,100,000<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/pop-estimate/population-estimates-for-uk--england-and-wales--scotland-and-northern-ireland/2013/index.html |title=Population Estimates for UK, England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, Mid-2013|publisher=Office for National Statistics |accessdate=26 June 2014}}</ref> | population_census = 63,181,775<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/census/2011/uk-census/index.html |title=2011 UK censuses |publisher=Office for National Statistics |accessdate=17 December 2012}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2013 | population_census_year = 2011 | population_census_rank = 22aad | population_density_km2 = 255.6 | population_density_sq_mi = 661.9 | population_density_rank = 51aad | GDP_PPP_year = 2014 | GDP_PPP = $2.435 Trillion | GDP_PPP_rank = 10aad | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $37,744<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2013&ey=2014&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=46&pr1.y=7&c=112&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=United Kingdom |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=1 November 2014 }}</ref> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 27aad | GDP_nominal_year = 2022 | GDP_nominal_rank= 6th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $47,141 | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 22aad | GDP_nominal = $3.758 Trillion Dollars | Gini_year = 2022 | Gini_change = hoos u dhac | Gini = 32.8 | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web|title=Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income (source: SILC)|url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12|publisher=Eurostat Data Explorer|accessdate=13 August 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=4 Bisha Saddexaad 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045123/http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12|dead-url=yes}}</ref> | Gini_rank = 33aad | HDI_year = 2013<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = joogto<!--increase, decrease, or steady--> | HDI = 0.892<!--number only, between 0 and 1--> | HDI_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14-summary-en.pdf |title=2014 Human Development Report |date=14 March 2013 |accessdate=27 July 2014 | pages=22–25}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 14aad | currency = [[Pound £]] | currency_code = GBP | time_zone = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]] | utc_offset = &#8203; | time_zone_DST = BST | utc_offset_DST = +1 | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy&nbsp;([[C.D]]) | drives_on = [[Wado marista baabuurta|bidix]] | calling_code = +44 |cctld = [[.uk]] <!--| national_motto = | religion = | footnotes = --> }} [[w:tr:United Kingdom]] [[W:Th:สหราชอาณาจักร]] '''Boqortooyada Ingiriiska''' ({{lang-en|United Kingdom of Britain}}; {{lang-ar|المملكة المتحدة}}) (loo soo gaabiyo '''[[UK]]''') ama sida kale loo yaqaan '''Boqortooyada Midowday''' waa wadan ku yaalo waqooyi galbeed qaarada [[Yurub]]. Midowga boqortooyadani waa [[gasiirad]] ka go'an qaarada Yurub inteeda kale….!!’ [[File:Thomas_Cook_Airlines_Boeing_767-31KER;_G-TCCB@MAN;14.05.2011_596gp_(5732967832).jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Class_377s_at_London_Victoria_platforms_18_&_19.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:London_Wembley.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Aston_Martin_DB9_-_Birmingham_-_2005-10-14_(2)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:HMS_Tamar_sailing_past_Canary_Wharf_as_it_leaves_London_September_2020..jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] Britain waxee ka koobantahay, Gobolada [[Ingiriiska]], [[Skotland]], [[Waalis]] iyo [[Woqooyiga Irland]]. Wadanka Britain waa wadanka ugu badan caalamka xaga gumeysiga sida aysheegen qorayaasha calamku isagoo lagu xusuusto gumaysigii u caalamka intiisa badan ku gumaystey ahna imika wadanka caalamka ugu xooga badan waa wadan aad iyo aad dadkiisu xadaarada ugu dheerayan waana wadanka koobad ee dadka madow ictiraafay wadankaa waxaa lagu xasuusta doorkii uu ka qaatey dagaalki labaad ee aduunka waa door layaab leh isagoo Ingiriisku uu qabsadey caasimadii Hitler uu ka talinayey ee barlin isaga iyo maraykanka iyo farance inkastoo anay dawladahaa an hore kusoo xusay anay waxba ka qabsan balse uu isagu siyaasadii lagu qabsadey fikradeeda bixiyey go. Aankii lagu gaadhey magaalada london ee caasimada wadanka ingiriiska ee ahaa ina aduunka laga tirtiro xasuusta [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler]] oo la hirgaliyey [[1945]] oo laga qabsadey dhamaanba wadamadii ugumaysanayey iyo wadankii [[Jarmal]]ka. 1707 Falimaha Rasuullada Midawga Yurub waxay ku dhawaaqeen in Boqortooyada Ingriiska iyo Scotland ay ahaayeen "United hal boqortooyo Magaca Boqortooyada Ingiriiska", inkasta oo dawlad cusub ay sidoo kale lagu sharxay Falimaha Rasuullada "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska", "Boqortooyada Midowday "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska" iyo "One Kingdom". Ereyga "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska" waxaa laga helaa isticmaalka sida sharaxaad, laakiin maaha magac, qarnigii 18aad, waddankana marmarka qaarkood loo gudbiyo in kastoo qarniyadii danbe ay ahayd "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska", inkastoo magaceeda rasmiga ah oo buuxa, laga bilaabo 1707 ilaa 1800, wuxuu ahaa "Great Britain", oo aan lahayn "qaab dheer". Falimaha Rasmiga ah ee 1800 waxay midoobeen Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Boqortooyada Ireland 1801, oo samaysay Boqortooyada Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Ireland. Kadib qeybtii Ireland iyo madax-bannaanidii Irish Free State sanadkii 1922-kii, oo ka tagtay Northern Ireland oo ah qaybta kaliya ee jasiiradda Irland ee ku taal Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, magaca "Boqortooyada Great Britain iyo Northern Ireland". Ereyga "Britain" waxaa loo isticmaalaa labada isku mid ah Iskuullada Great Britain, iyo sida isku midka ah Boqortooyada Ingiriiska Isticmaalka waa isku dhafan yahay, BBC-da ayaa doorbideysa inay Britain u isticmaasho kaliya Ingiriiska oo keliya Britain iyo Dawladda Ingiriiska, inkasta oo ay aqbali karaan in labaduba tixraacaan Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, doorbidid, xaaladaha intooda badan, si ay u adeegsadaan ereyga UK halkii Ingiriiska. Inkasta oo Guddiga Joogtada ah ee UK ee Magacyada Juquraafiyiinta (oo qeexaya ay yihiin "magacyada joqoraafiga ah ee Boqortooyada Ingiriiska") waxay ku taxan yihiin "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska" iyo "UK ama U.K." sida gaaban oo loo soo gaabiyo shuruudaha geopolitical ee Boqortooyada Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Waqooyiga Ayrland, laakiin ma liisto "Britain", waxaa loo isticmaalay "si aan rasmi ah" shabakadaha dowladda. Sifaynta "British" ayaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu tilmaamo arrimaha ku saabsan Boqortooyada Ingiriiska. Ereygan ma laha xidhiidh sharci oo qeexan, laakiin waxaa loo adeegsadaa sharciga si uu ugu gudbiyo muwaadinimada Ingiriiska iyo arrimaha muwaadiniinta. Dadka reer Boqortooyada Ingiriiska waxay isticmaalaan dhowr shuruudood oo kala duwan si ay u sharaxaan aqoonsigooda qaran waxayna u aqoonsan karaan inay yihiin British; ama sida ingiriiska, Scottish, Welsh, Irish Waqooyi ama Irish; ama labadaba. Welsh, magaca qaabka dheer ee gobolka waa "Teyrnas Unedig Prydain Fawr a Gogledd Iwerddon", iyada oo "Teyrnas Unedig" loo adeegsanayo magaca qaab gaaban bogagga dowladda. Si kastaba ha noqotee, waxaa badanaa loo soo gaabiyaa "DU" ee foomka isbedelka "Y Deyrnas Unedig". Scottish Gaelic, qaabka dheer waa "Rìoghachd Aonaichte Bhreatainn waa Èireann Tut" iyo foomka gaaban "Rìoghachd Aonaichte". Kadib dhammaadkii Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka 1945, Ingiriiska wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah Afarta Weyn ee awoodda (oo ay weheliyaan Maraykanka, Midowga Soofiyeeti iyo Shiinaha) kuwaas oo la kulmay qorshe hawleedka dagaalka ka dib; wuxuu ahaa saxiixa asalka ah ee Baaqa Qaramada Midoobay. Ingiriiska wuxuu noqday mid ka mid ah shanta xubnood ee joogtada ah ee Golaha Amaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay wuxuuna si dhow ula shaqeeyay Maraykanka si loo dhiso IMF, Baanka Adduunka iyo NATO. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dagaalku wuxuu ka tagay UK si aad u daciifiyay oo ku tiirsan dhaqaale ahaan qorshaha Marshall. Sannadihii ugu dambeeyay dagaalkii, xukuumadda Shaqaaluhu waxay bilowday barnaamij xagjir ah oo dib-u-habeyn ah, taas oo saameyn weyn ku yeelatay bulshada Britishka tobaneeyo sano ka dib. Warshadaha waawayn iyo adeegyada dadweynaha ayaa la qariyey, dawlad bulsho ayaa la aasaasay, iyo nidaam daryeel caafimaad oo dhameystiran oo dadweyne loo bixiyo, Adeegga Caafimaadka Qaranka, ayaa la sameeyay. Korodhka qaranimada ee gumeysiga ayaa ku habsaday xuduudaha dhaqaale ee Britain ee hadda taagan, sidaas darteed siyaasad-dejin la'aan ayaa ahayd mid aan la iska tuuri karin. Independence waxaa la siiyey [[Hindiya]] iyo [[Bakistaan]] sanadkii 1947. In ka badan saddexda sano ee soo socota, kolonyadii badankood ee Boqortooyada Ingiriisku waxay xorowday. Dad badan ayaa noqday xubno ka tirsan Commonwealth Nations.:• <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/english-speaking-countries</Ref>.:• ==Boqolkiiba IMF== 4.9% ==Xubin== *''[[G7]]''*` *''[[IMF]]''*` *'''[[Bankiga Aduunka]]'''* *` *'''[[Kooxda Labaatanka]]'''* *` *'''[[Qaramada Midoobay]]'''* *` ==Dadka Deggan United Kingdom== * {{flag|France}} 140,000+ * {{Flag|United States}}100,000+ * {{Flag|Canada}}: 250,000+ * {{Flag|Egypt}} 50,000++ ==Sidoo kale fiiri== * {{Flag|Australia}} * {{Flag|Brazil}} * {{Flag|Argentina}} ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} {{Dalalka Yurub}} [[Category:Midowga boqortooyada Britan| ]] et8eaofzi1f3q5srd6kryjq2qy4w98v 275570 275569 2025-06-10T13:37:14Z 161.12.45.16 /* Dadka Deggan United Kingdom */ 275570 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = {{collapsible list |titlestyle = background:transparent: Font-size:9pt; |title = {{resize|11.5pt|{{nowrap|Boqortooyada Midowday ee Britan iyo Woqooyiga Ireland}}}} }} | common_name = Midowga Boqortooyo | linking_name = the United Kingdom<!--for wikilinks – don't remove "the"--> | image_flag = Flag of the United Kingdom.svg | alt_flag = A flag featuring both cross and saltire in red, white and blue | image_coat = Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom.svg | alt_coat = Coat of arms containing shield and crown in centre, flanked by lion and unicorn | symbol_type = {{nowrap|[[Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom|Royal coat of arms]]{{#tag:ref|The Royal coat of arms used in Scotland:<br /><center>[[File:Coat of arms of the United Kingdom in Scotland.svg|100px]]</center>|}}}} | national_anthem = {{nowrap|"[[God Save the King]]"{{#tag:ref|There is no authorised version of the national anthem as the words are a matter of tradition; only the first verse is usually sung.<ref>''[http://www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchUK/Symbols/NationalAnthem.aspx National Anthem]'', British Monarchy official website. Retrieved 16 November 2013.</ref> No law was passed making "God Save the Queen" the official anthem. In the English tradition, such laws are not necessary; proclamation and usage are sufficient to make it the national anthem. "God Save the Queen" also serves as the [[Honors music|Royal anthem]] for several other countries, namely certain [[Commonwealth realms]].|}}<center>[[File:United States Navy Band - God Save the Queen.oga]]</center>}} | image_map = EU-United Kingdom.svg | alt_map = Two islands to the north-west of continental Europe. Highlighted are the larger island and the north-eastern fifth of the smaller island to the west. | map_caption = {{map_caption | countryprefix = | country = {{nobold|United&nbsp;Kingdom}} | location_color = cagaar | region = Europe | region_color = buni | subregion = [[Midowga Yurub]] | subregion_color = akhtar }} | languages_type = Luuqada koowaad<br />{{nobold|iyo tan wadanka}} | languages = [[Af-Ingiriis]] | languages2_type = '''Luuqado<br />kale''' | languages2 = <nowiki>Af-Kornish, Af-Irish, Af-Iscots]], Af-Iskot</nowiki>&nbsp;Gaelik<!--Keep "Scottish Gaelic"; people will find "Gaelic" confusing, as the Irish language is also commonly called "Gaelic"-->, {{nowrap|Ulster-Scots}}, Af-Welsh{{#tag:ref|Under the [[Council of Europe]]'s [[European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages]], Scots, Ulster-Scots, Welsh, Cornish, Irish and Scottish Gaelic, are officially recognised as [[Regional language|regional]] or [[minority language|minority]] languages by the [[Government of the United Kingdom|British Government]] for the purposes of the Charter. See also [[Languages of the United Kingdom]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://conventions.coe.int/treaty/Commun/ListeDeclarations.asp?CL=ENG&NT=148&VL=1|title=List of declarations made with respect to treaty No. 148|publisher=[[Council of Europe]]|accessdate=12 December 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=12 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212175720/http://conventions.coe.int/treaty/Commun/ListeDeclarations.asp?CL=ENG&NT=148&VL=1|dead-url=yes}}</ref>}} | languages2_sub = yes | ethnic_groups = 87.1%&nbsp;[[Dadka cad]]<br />7.0%&nbsp;[[Aasiya]]an<br />3.0%&nbsp;[[Dadka Madoow]]<br />2.0%&nbsp;Isku-dhaf<br />0.9%&nbsp;Kuwo kale | ethnic_groups_year = [[2011]] | demonym = [[British]], Briton | capital = [[London]] | latd = 51 | latm = 30 | latNS = N | longd = 0 | longm = 7 | longEW = W | largest_city = capital | government_type = [[Dowlad]] [[Baarlamaan]] [[sharci]] | leader_title1 = [[Boqortooyo]] | leader_name1 = Charles III | leader_title2 = Keir Starmer '''PM''' | leader_name2 = | legislature = | upper_house = {{nowrap|Golaha Duqayda}} | lower_house = {{nowrap|Golaha Bulshada}} | sovereignty_type = Samaysanka | established_event1 = {{nowrap|Midowgii 1707}} | established_date1 = {{nowrap|1 May 1707}} | established_event2 = {{nowrap|Midowgii 1800}} | established_date2 = {{nowrap|1 January 1801}} | established_event3 = Madaxbanaanida Ireland | established_date3 = {{nowrap|5 December 1922}} | EUseats = 78. | area_rank = 80th | area_magnitude = 1 E11 | area_km2 = 242,495 | area_sq_mi = 93,628 | percent_water = 1.34 | population_estimate_rank = 22nd | population_estimate = 64,100,000<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/pop-estimate/population-estimates-for-uk--england-and-wales--scotland-and-northern-ireland/2013/index.html |title=Population Estimates for UK, England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, Mid-2013|publisher=Office for National Statistics |accessdate=26 June 2014}}</ref> | population_census = 63,181,775<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/census/2011/uk-census/index.html |title=2011 UK censuses |publisher=Office for National Statistics |accessdate=17 December 2012}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2013 | population_census_year = 2011 | population_census_rank = 22aad | population_density_km2 = 255.6 | population_density_sq_mi = 661.9 | population_density_rank = 51aad | GDP_PPP_year = 2014 | GDP_PPP = $2.435 Trillion | GDP_PPP_rank = 10aad | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $37,744<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2013&ey=2014&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=46&pr1.y=7&c=112&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=United Kingdom |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=1 November 2014 }}</ref> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 27aad | GDP_nominal_year = 2022 | GDP_nominal_rank= 6th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $47,141 | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 22aad | GDP_nominal = $3.758 Trillion Dollars | Gini_year = 2022 | Gini_change = hoos u dhac | Gini = 32.8 | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web|title=Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income (source: SILC)|url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12|publisher=Eurostat Data Explorer|accessdate=13 August 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=4 Bisha Saddexaad 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045123/http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_di12|dead-url=yes}}</ref> | Gini_rank = 33aad | HDI_year = 2013<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = joogto<!--increase, decrease, or steady--> | HDI = 0.892<!--number only, between 0 and 1--> | HDI_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14-summary-en.pdf |title=2014 Human Development Report |date=14 March 2013 |accessdate=27 July 2014 | pages=22–25}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 14aad | currency = [[Pound £]] | currency_code = GBP | time_zone = [[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]] | utc_offset = &#8203; | time_zone_DST = BST | utc_offset_DST = +1 | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy&nbsp;([[C.D]]) | drives_on = [[Wado marista baabuurta|bidix]] | calling_code = +44 |cctld = [[.uk]] <!--| national_motto = | religion = | footnotes = --> }} [[w:tr:United Kingdom]] [[W:Th:สหราชอาณาจักร]] '''Boqortooyada Ingiriiska''' ({{lang-en|United Kingdom of Britain}}; {{lang-ar|المملكة المتحدة}}) (loo soo gaabiyo '''[[UK]]''') ama sida kale loo yaqaan '''Boqortooyada Midowday''' waa wadan ku yaalo waqooyi galbeed qaarada [[Yurub]]. Midowga boqortooyadani waa [[gasiirad]] ka go'an qaarada Yurub inteeda kale….!!’ [[File:Thomas_Cook_Airlines_Boeing_767-31KER;_G-TCCB@MAN;14.05.2011_596gp_(5732967832).jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Class_377s_at_London_Victoria_platforms_18_&_19.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:London_Wembley.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Aston_Martin_DB9_-_Birmingham_-_2005-10-14_(2)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:HMS_Tamar_sailing_past_Canary_Wharf_as_it_leaves_London_September_2020..jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] Britain waxee ka koobantahay, Gobolada [[Ingiriiska]], [[Skotland]], [[Waalis]] iyo [[Woqooyiga Irland]]. Wadanka Britain waa wadanka ugu badan caalamka xaga gumeysiga sida aysheegen qorayaasha calamku isagoo lagu xusuusto gumaysigii u caalamka intiisa badan ku gumaystey ahna imika wadanka caalamka ugu xooga badan waa wadan aad iyo aad dadkiisu xadaarada ugu dheerayan waana wadanka koobad ee dadka madow ictiraafay wadankaa waxaa lagu xasuusta doorkii uu ka qaatey dagaalki labaad ee aduunka waa door layaab leh isagoo Ingiriisku uu qabsadey caasimadii Hitler uu ka talinayey ee barlin isaga iyo maraykanka iyo farance inkastoo anay dawladahaa an hore kusoo xusay anay waxba ka qabsan balse uu isagu siyaasadii lagu qabsadey fikradeeda bixiyey go. Aankii lagu gaadhey magaalada london ee caasimada wadanka ingiriiska ee ahaa ina aduunka laga tirtiro xasuusta [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler]] oo la hirgaliyey [[1945]] oo laga qabsadey dhamaanba wadamadii ugumaysanayey iyo wadankii [[Jarmal]]ka. 1707 Falimaha Rasuullada Midawga Yurub waxay ku dhawaaqeen in Boqortooyada Ingriiska iyo Scotland ay ahaayeen "United hal boqortooyo Magaca Boqortooyada Ingiriiska", inkasta oo dawlad cusub ay sidoo kale lagu sharxay Falimaha Rasuullada "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska", "Boqortooyada Midowday "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska" iyo "One Kingdom". Ereyga "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska" waxaa laga helaa isticmaalka sida sharaxaad, laakiin maaha magac, qarnigii 18aad, waddankana marmarka qaarkood loo gudbiyo in kastoo qarniyadii danbe ay ahayd "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska", inkastoo magaceeda rasmiga ah oo buuxa, laga bilaabo 1707 ilaa 1800, wuxuu ahaa "Great Britain", oo aan lahayn "qaab dheer". Falimaha Rasmiga ah ee 1800 waxay midoobeen Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Boqortooyada Ireland 1801, oo samaysay Boqortooyada Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Ireland. Kadib qeybtii Ireland iyo madax-bannaanidii Irish Free State sanadkii 1922-kii, oo ka tagtay Northern Ireland oo ah qaybta kaliya ee jasiiradda Irland ee ku taal Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, magaca "Boqortooyada Great Britain iyo Northern Ireland". Ereyga "Britain" waxaa loo isticmaalaa labada isku mid ah Iskuullada Great Britain, iyo sida isku midka ah Boqortooyada Ingiriiska Isticmaalka waa isku dhafan yahay, BBC-da ayaa doorbideysa inay Britain u isticmaasho kaliya Ingiriiska oo keliya Britain iyo Dawladda Ingiriiska, inkasta oo ay aqbali karaan in labaduba tixraacaan Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, doorbidid, xaaladaha intooda badan, si ay u adeegsadaan ereyga UK halkii Ingiriiska. Inkasta oo Guddiga Joogtada ah ee UK ee Magacyada Juquraafiyiinta (oo qeexaya ay yihiin "magacyada joqoraafiga ah ee Boqortooyada Ingiriiska") waxay ku taxan yihiin "Boqortooyada Ingiriiska" iyo "UK ama U.K." sida gaaban oo loo soo gaabiyo shuruudaha geopolitical ee Boqortooyada Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo Waqooyiga Ayrland, laakiin ma liisto "Britain", waxaa loo isticmaalay "si aan rasmi ah" shabakadaha dowladda. Sifaynta "British" ayaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu tilmaamo arrimaha ku saabsan Boqortooyada Ingiriiska. Ereygan ma laha xidhiidh sharci oo qeexan, laakiin waxaa loo adeegsadaa sharciga si uu ugu gudbiyo muwaadinimada Ingiriiska iyo arrimaha muwaadiniinta. Dadka reer Boqortooyada Ingiriiska waxay isticmaalaan dhowr shuruudood oo kala duwan si ay u sharaxaan aqoonsigooda qaran waxayna u aqoonsan karaan inay yihiin British; ama sida ingiriiska, Scottish, Welsh, Irish Waqooyi ama Irish; ama labadaba. Welsh, magaca qaabka dheer ee gobolka waa "Teyrnas Unedig Prydain Fawr a Gogledd Iwerddon", iyada oo "Teyrnas Unedig" loo adeegsanayo magaca qaab gaaban bogagga dowladda. Si kastaba ha noqotee, waxaa badanaa loo soo gaabiyaa "DU" ee foomka isbedelka "Y Deyrnas Unedig". Scottish Gaelic, qaabka dheer waa "Rìoghachd Aonaichte Bhreatainn waa Èireann Tut" iyo foomka gaaban "Rìoghachd Aonaichte". Kadib dhammaadkii Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka 1945, Ingiriiska wuxuu ahaa mid ka mid ah Afarta Weyn ee awoodda (oo ay weheliyaan Maraykanka, Midowga Soofiyeeti iyo Shiinaha) kuwaas oo la kulmay qorshe hawleedka dagaalka ka dib; wuxuu ahaa saxiixa asalka ah ee Baaqa Qaramada Midoobay. Ingiriiska wuxuu noqday mid ka mid ah shanta xubnood ee joogtada ah ee Golaha Amaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay wuxuuna si dhow ula shaqeeyay Maraykanka si loo dhiso IMF, Baanka Adduunka iyo NATO. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dagaalku wuxuu ka tagay UK si aad u daciifiyay oo ku tiirsan dhaqaale ahaan qorshaha Marshall. Sannadihii ugu dambeeyay dagaalkii, xukuumadda Shaqaaluhu waxay bilowday barnaamij xagjir ah oo dib-u-habeyn ah, taas oo saameyn weyn ku yeelatay bulshada Britishka tobaneeyo sano ka dib. Warshadaha waawayn iyo adeegyada dadweynaha ayaa la qariyey, dawlad bulsho ayaa la aasaasay, iyo nidaam daryeel caafimaad oo dhameystiran oo dadweyne loo bixiyo, Adeegga Caafimaadka Qaranka, ayaa la sameeyay. Korodhka qaranimada ee gumeysiga ayaa ku habsaday xuduudaha dhaqaale ee Britain ee hadda taagan, sidaas darteed siyaasad-dejin la'aan ayaa ahayd mid aan la iska tuuri karin. Independence waxaa la siiyey [[Hindiya]] iyo [[Bakistaan]] sanadkii 1947. In ka badan saddexda sano ee soo socota, kolonyadii badankood ee Boqortooyada Ingiriisku waxay xorowday. Dad badan ayaa noqday xubno ka tirsan Commonwealth Nations.:• <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/english-speaking-countries</Ref>.:• ==Boqolkiiba IMF== 4.9% ==Xubin== *''[[G7]]''*` *''[[IMF]]''*` *'''[[Bankiga Aduunka]]'''* *` *'''[[Kooxda Labaatanka]]'''* *` *'''[[Qaramada Midoobay]]'''* *` ==Dadka Deggan United Kingdom== * {{flag|France}} 140,000+ * {{Flag|United States}}100,000+ * {{Flag|Egypt}} 50,000++ ==Sidoo kale fiiri== * {{Flag|Australia}} * {{Flag|Brazil}} * {{Flag|Argentina}} ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} {{Dalalka Yurub}} [[Category:Midowga boqortooyada Britan| ]] 734gpgt1exwo3zz93pfxvzohh9asno5 0 4471 275559 274868 2025-06-10T12:50:57Z 161.12.45.16 275559 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Country in Western Asia}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya | common_name = | native_name = | image_flag = Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg | image_coat = | symbol_type = Emblem | national_motto = {{nowrap|لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا ٱلله، مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُوْلُ ٱلله}}<Br/>"{{transl|ar|Lā ʾilāha ʾillā Llāh, Muḥammadur rasūlu Llāh}}"<br />"Waxaan qira'yaa in uusan jirin ilaah, [[Ilaahay|Alle]] mooyee, waxana qirayaa in uu [[Nebi Maxamed c.s|Muxamed]] yahay rasuulkii Alle. (''[[Shahaadah]]'') | national_anthem = {{lang|ar|ٱلنَّشِيْد ٱلْوَطَنِي ٱلسُّعُوْدِي}}<Br/>"[[Aash Al Maleek|{{transl|ar|an-Našīd al-Waṭanīy as-Suʿūdī}}]]" <Br/> "Aash Al Maleek"<Br/><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">[[File:Saudi Arabian national anthem, performed by the United States Navy Band.oga|center]]</div> | image_map = Saudi Arabia (orthographic projection).svg | capital = [[Madina]]: | coordinates = {{Coord|24|39|N|46|46|E|type:city_region:SA}} | largest_city = [[Madiina Al-munawara]] | official_languages = [[Modern Standard Arabic|Arabic]]<ref name="">CIA World Factbook</ref>{{cite web |title=Basic Law of Governance |url=https://www.moe.gov.sa/en/TheMinistry/AboutKSA/Pages/System-of-Governance.aspx |website=Ministry of Education |publisher=Ministry of Education – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia |access-date=1 September 2020 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=5 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205091610/https://www.moe.gov.sa/en/TheMinistry/AboutKSA/Pages/System-of-Governance.aspx |dead-url=yes }}<!-- Do not edit without talkpage consensus. --> | regional_languages = | religion = {{unbulleted list |93.0% [[Islam in Saudi Arabia|Islam]] ([[State religion|official]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Saudi Arabia - The World Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia/ |website=CIA |publisher=CIA |access-date=30 May 2021}}</ref> *:85–90% [[Sunni Islam in Saudi Arabia|Sunni]] *:10–15% [[Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia|Shia]] |4.4% [[Christianity in Saudi Arabia|Christianity]] |1.1% [[Hinduism in Saudi Arabia|Hinduism]] |0.3% [[Buddhism in Saudi Arabia|Buddhism]] |0.2% [[Irreligion in Saudi Arabia|Unaffiliated]] }} | demonym = {{unbulleted list |[[Saudis|Saudi]]|Saudi Arabian}} | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Islamic state|Islamic]] [[absolute monarchy]] | leader_title1 = [[King of Saudi Arabia|King]] | leader_name1 = [[Salman bin 'Abd al-'Aziz Al Sa'ud]]: | leader_title2 = [[Prince of Saudi Arabia|Prince of Saudi Arabia]] | leader_name2 = [[Prince Mohammed bin Salman]] | legislature = none{{efn|There is a [[Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia|Consultative Assembly]], or Shura Council, which has no legislative power.<Ref>{{cite book|first1=Robert W.|last1=Hefner|title=Remaking Muslim Politics: Pluralism, Contestation, Democratization|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MmmVMCBej8oC&q=Saudi%2520%2522consultative%2520assembly%2522%2520no%2520legislative%2520power&pg=PA202|publisher=Princeton University Press|date=2009|isbn=978-1-4008-2639-1|page=202}}</ref> As its role is only consultative it is not considered to be a legislature.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2021-06-06|title=Analysts: Saudi Arabia Nervous About Domestic Discontent |publisher= VoA News - English|url=https://www.voanews.com/middle-east/analysts-saudi-arabia-nervous-about-domestic-discontent|website=www.voanews.com}}</Ref> }} | sovereignty_type = [[History of Saudi Arabia|Establishment]] | established_event1 = [[Emirate of Diriyah|First Saudi State]] | established_date1 = 1744 | established_event2 = [[Emirate of Nejd|Second Saudi State]] | established_date2 = 1824 | established_event3 = [[Emirate of Riyadh]] | established_date3 = 13 January 1902 | established_event4 = [[Unification of Saudi Arabia|Unification]] | established_date4 = 23 September 1932 | established_event5 = [[United Nations Charter|Admitted]][[United Nations Conference on International Organization|to the]] [[United Nations]] | established_date5 = 24 October 1945 | established_event6 = [[Basic Law of Saudi Arabia|Current constitution]] | established_date6 = 31 January 1992 | area_km2 = 2,149,690<Ref>name="CIA World Factbook"</Ref> | area_rank = 12th | area_sq_mi = 830,000 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> | percent_water = 0.7 | population_estimate = 34,218,169<Ref>name=population>{{cite web|title=The total population – General Authority for Statistics|url=https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/indicators/1|website=stats.gov.sa|access-date=31 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403082640/https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/indicators/1|archive-date=3 April 2019|url-status=dead}}</Ref> | population_census = | population_estimate_year = 2019 | population_estimate_rank = 40th | population_census_year = | population_density_km2 = 15 | population_density_sq_mi = 38.8 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> | population_density_rank = 174th | GDP_PPP = $1.924 trillion <Ref>name=imf2>{{cite web |url= https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2017&ey=2024&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=86&pr1.y=9&c=456&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=Saudi Arabia |publisher=International Monetary Fund}}</Ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2022 | GDP_PPP_rank = 14th | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $56,817<ref>name=imf2 </ref> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 12th | GDP_nominal = $380.289 Billion. | GDP_nominal_year = 2022 | GDP_nominal_rank = 18th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $23,566. | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 35th | Gini = 45.9 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 2013 | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia/ |title=The World Factbook |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |website=CIA.gov |access-date=28 May 2019}}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.854 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2019<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref> name="UNHDR">{{cite book|title=Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene|date=15 December 2020|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|isbn=978-92-1-126442-5|pages=343–346|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|access-date=16 December 2020}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 40th | currency = [[Sacuudi riyaal (SAR)| Sacuudi riyaal]] | currency_code = SAR | time_zone = [[Arabia Standard Time|AST]] | utc_offset = +3 | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy ([[Hijri year|AH]]) | drives_on = Right | calling_code = +966 | cctld = {{unbulleted list|.sa |السعودية.}} | today = | ethnic_groups = 69% [[Arabs|Arab]] <Br/> 31% [[Afro-Arabs|Afro-Arab]] | ethnic_groups_year = 2017 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702033527/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2014-07-02|title=The World Factbook|date=2 July 2014}}</Ref> | religion_ref = <Ref> name=pewl>{{cite web|title=Religious Composition by Country|url=https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf|archive-date=23 March 2018|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all|access-date=10 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323215031/http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf}}</Ref> | religion_year = 2013 }} [[W:Tr:Suudi Arabistan]] [[w:arc:ܣܥܘܕܝܐ]] '''Sacuudiga''' ama '''Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya''' ([[Af-Carabi]] المملكة العربية السعودية ) waa wadan muslin ah oo ku yaala qaarada Aasiya, gaar ahaan mandiqada [[Bariga Dhexe|bariga dhexe]]. waxayna xad lawadagtaa, wadamada [[Urdun]], [[Kuweyt]], , [[Baxrayn]], iyo [[Imaaraatka carabta]]. Waxaa kale oo xad lawadaagaa Gacanka faarisiga, oo kaga beegan dhinaca [[Woqooyi]] [[Bari]] iyo [[Baddacas]] oo [[Galbeed]]ah dadka sucuudiga tiradooda waxaa lagu qiyaasaa, in ka badan 31* miliyan oo qof.(2020).: [[File:Riyad_Bank_logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Saudi_Aramco_logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] *_Boqortooyada waxaa yimaada sanadkii in la badan 2 milyan oo ruux Sacuudi Carabiya (/ ˌsɔːdi əreɪbiə / (ku saabsan dhawaaqa maqalka), / ˌsaʊ- / (ku saabsan codkan maqal); Carabi: السعودية as-Sucuudiyyah ama as-Sacuudiyyah), si rasmi ah Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya (BSC; Carabi: المملكة العربية السعودية al-Mamlakah al-Carabiyyah as-Sucuudiyyah, ku saabsan codkani (caawimaad · info)}}}, waa dal ku yaal galbeedka Aasiya oo ka kooban qaybta jasiiradda Carabta. Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa ah gobolka ugu weyn ee madaxbannaan ee Bariga Dhexe, oo ah juqraafi ahaana shanaad ee ugu weyn Asia, tan labaad ee dunida Carabta ka dib Algeria iyo 12 -aad ee adduunka ugu weyn. . Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa xuddun u ah Jordan iyo Ciraaq waqooyi, Kuwait ilaa waqooyi bari, Qadar, Bahrain iyo Imaaraadka Imaaraadka Carabta xagga bari, Oman ilaa koonfur iyo yemen xagga koonfureed. Waxaa laga soocay Israel iyo </nowiki>[[Masar]] by Gacanka Cadaba. Waa waddanka keliya ee leh xeebta Badda Cas iyo xeebta Gacanka, oo badi dhulkeeda waxay ka kooban tahay lamadegaan, dhul hoose iyo buuro. Sacuudi Carabiya waa dhaqaalaha ugu weyn ee Bariga Dhexe ilaa Oktoobar 2018 iyo 18aad ee adduunka ugu weyn. Xuduuda hadda ka jirta Sacuudi Carabiya waxay ahayd goobo dhaqameedyo iyo dhaqamo qadiimi ah. Taariikhda Sacuudi Carabiya waxay muujineysaa qaar ka mid ah raadintii hore ee hawlaha bani-aadamka adduunka. Diinta labaad ee adduunka ugu weyn, Islaam, ayaa ka soo baxay maalinta casriga ah ee Sacuudi Carabiya. Horraantii 7aad, Nabiga Islaamka wuxuu midoobey dadweynaha Carabta isla markaana abuuray nidaam diimeed oo Islaami ah. Kadib markii uu geeriyooday 632, taageerayaashiisa si degdeg ah ayey u balaariyeen dhulka xukunka Muslimka ee ka baxsan Carabta, oo ka adkaaday dhulalka waaweyn ee dhulalka ah (laga bilaabo Iberian Peninsula ee galbeedka ilaa maalinta casriga ah ee Pakistan ee Bariga). Carabta oo ka soo jeeda waqooyiga Suudaan taariikhda casriga ah waxay aasaaseen Rashiidun (632-661), Umayyad (661-750), Abbasid (750-1517) iyo Fatimid (909-1171) Khaliifad iyo sidoo kale dhulal badan oo kale oo Asia ah, Afrika iyo Europe. Deegaanka Sacuudi Carabiya wuxuu hore u ahaan jirey afar gobol oo kala duwan: Hejaz, Najd iyo qaybo ka mid ah Bariga Carabta (Al-Ahsa) iyo Koonfurta Carabta ('Asir') Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya waxaa aasaasay sannadkii 1932 by Ibn Saud. Waxa uu ku biiray afartan gobol hal waddan iyada oo loo marayo qabsashooyin taxane ah oo laga bilaabo 1902 la qabsaday Riyadh, oo ah aabaha gurigiisa oo ka tirsan qoyskiisa, House of Saud. Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa tan iyo markii uu ahaa boqortooyo baddan, si wax-ku-ool ah oo kali-talisnimo ah loo maamulay khadadka islaamka. Dhaqdhaqaaqa diiniga ah ee Wahhabi ee kuyaal Sunniga Islaamka waxaa loo yaqaan "muhiimada ugu muhiimsan ee dhaqanka Sacuudiga" == Taariikh == Sacuudiga waxee ka mid tahay wadamada Adoonta lahaan jirtay, wadanka sacuudiga waxaa la sameeyay sanadka marka oo ahaa 1902, ninka sameeyay waxa uu ahaa [[Cabdul Casiis al Sacuudi|Ibn Sacuudi]], waxaana boqortooyada Sacuudiga noqday sanadka marka oo ahaa 1932, cabdul casiis wuxuu dhalay caruur ka badan 50 ruux. Waxaana markii ugu horeesay dhaxlay boqortooyada Wiilkiisa sanadka marka uu ahaa. 1964 kii. Magaciisana waxaa la dhihi jiray (Faysal bin Cabdul Casiis Al sacuudi) wuxuuna bilaabay in uu keeno adoomo. wuxuuna sacuudiga ka abuuray goobo waxbarasho.Sida iskuulo iyo meelaha kale ee cilmiga diiniga lagu barto iyo goobo caafimaad.Sida isbitaalada. Siyaasiyiinta wadanka sacuudiga ma eesan jeclaan jirin siyaasada wadamada reer galbeedka Sida wadanka Boqortootada ingiriiska (English) iyo wadanka kale ee maraykanka (america). Markii uu bilaawday Dagaalkii Gacanka oo u dhaxeeyay [[Qaramada Midoobay]] (QM) iyo wadanka Ciraaq sanadka marka uu ahaay 1991, sacuudiga waxee militari soo dhoobtay xuduudkeeda, isla markaas sacuudiga waxaa lagu soo weeraray sawaariiq waxeena ku dhaceen magaalada (Riyaad) ee caasimada wadanka sacuudiga Waqtigaas kadib sacuudiga waxuu saaxiib fiican la noqday wadanka mareykanka(america) Boqorkii sacuudi carabiya ee 《Fahad bin Cabdul Casiis Al Sacuudi》 waxuu ahaan jiray boqor iyo raiisul wasaare oo loo doortay sanadka marka uu ahaa 1982 kii waxuuna dhintay sabadka marka uu ahaa 2005 tii Kadibna waxaa bedelay [[Cabdullahi bin Cabdul Casiis Al Sacuudi]]. Sacuudi Carabiya waxay ku dhawaad ​​80% Jasiiradda Carabta (Xuduudaha ugu weyn adduunka), oo u dhaxeeya waddooyinka u dhaxeeya 16 ° iyo 33 ° N, iyo dhererka 34 ° iyo 56 ° E. Sababta oo ah xuduudaha koonfureed ee waddanka Imaaraadka Carabta iyo Oman ma aha mid si sax ah loo calaamadeeyay, cabbirka saxda ah ee waddanka lama yaqaan. [292] Caqabada CIA ee dunidu waxay ku qiyaastay 2,149,690 km2 (830,000 sq mi) iyo liisaska Sacuudi Carabiya oo ah gobolka 13aad ee ugu wayn dunida. Waa juquraafi ahaan waddanka ugu weyn ee Qaadka Carbeed. ==UN Tiroka== '''682''' Juqraafiyada Sucuudigu waxay ku badan tahay xeebta Carbeed, oo la xidhiidha semi-lama-degaanka iyo geed-geedka (eeg muuqaalka dayax-gacmeedka) iyo dhowr buurood iyo goobo dhaadheer. Xaqiiqdii, waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah loola xiriiriyey oo ay ku jiraan 647,500 km2 (250,001 sq m) Rub 'al khali ("Quarter Boos") oo ku yaalla qaybta koonfur bari ee dalka, xeebta aduunka ee ugu weyn ee cagaaran. Waxaa jira harooyin yar oo dalka ka mid ah laakiin aan lahayn wabiyada joogtada ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee wadada ayaa aad u badan. Meelaha bacrin ah waa in laga helaa kaydka alaabooyinka dhulka, basaska, iyo oases. Muuqaalka ugu muhiimsan ee ugu muhiimsan waa bareegga dhexe ee ka soo baxa Badda Cas oo si tartiib ah ugu soo degaya Caddaanka iyo Gacanka Ciraaq. Xeebta Badda Cas, waxaa jira cirif dhuxul ah, oo loo yaqaan Tihamah barbar socda taas oo ku socota dabagal balaadhan. Gobolka Koonfur galbeed ee Asir waa buuro, waxaana ku jira 3,133 m (10,279 ft) Buur Sawda, oo ah meesha ugu sarraysa dalka. Marka laga reebo gobolka koofur galbeed ee Asir, Sacuudi Carabiya waxay leedahay cimilo cilad ah oo leh heerkul aad u sarreeya iyo heerkulka khafiifka ah ee habeenkii. Heerkulka xagaaga ee celceliska heerkulkiisu waa 45 ° C (113 ° F), laakiin wuxuu noqon karaa mid u sareeya 54 ° C (129 ° F). Xilliga jiilaalka heerkulku wuxuu yareeyaa 0 ° C (32 ° F). Guga iyo dayrta kuleylku waa diirimaad, heerkulka celcelis ahaan qiyaastii 29 ° C (84 ° F). Roobka sannadlaha ah ayaa aad u hooseeya. Goobta Asir waxay ku kala duwantahay in ay saameyn ku yeelato maraakiibta Hindiya, inta badan waxay dhacaan inta u dhexeysa bilaha Oktoobar ilaa Maarso. Celcelis ahaan 300 mm (12 in) oo ah roobabku waxay dhacaan muddadan, taas oo qiyaastii 60% roobabkii sanadlaha ahaa.!!` ==Boqolkiiba IMF== 2.1% <ref>http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2009-09/16/content_8696547.htm</ref>. =Xubin= *[[IMF]] *[[Bankiga Aduunka]] *[[Jaamacada Carabta]] *[[Qaramada Midoobay]] *[[Kooxda Labaatanka]] ==Waddanmaha La Deggan Saudi Arabia== * {{Flag|Bahrain}}: 50,000+ * {{Flag|Qatar}}:100,000+ * {{Flag|Kuwait}}: 20,000+ * {{Flag|Oman}}: 30,000+ * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}:10,000++ The very large expatriate communities also speak their own languages, the most numerous of which, according to 2019* data: are Bengali (~1,500,000), Tagalog (~900,000), Eastern Punjabi (~800,000), Urdu (~750,000), Egyptian Arabic (~650,000), Rohingya, North Levantine Arabic (both ~500,000)[489] and Malayalam.[490].<ref>https://www.internationalinvestment.net/news/4026204/250-expats-left-saudi-arabia-3q2020</ref>. <ref>https://www.expatfocus.com/general/these-five-countries-have-the-highest-percentage-of-expats-find-out-why-2514</ref>. Non-{{flag|Arab League}} States: Countries migrant workers come mainly from: '''[[ Midowga Yurub]]''', '''[[Great Britain]]''', ''[[Bangladesh]]'', '''[[Bakistaan]]''', ''[[Indonesia]]'', ''[[Philippines]]'', and many others at 12.49+ millions.!!` <ref>https://www.arabnews.com/saudi-arabia/news/875131</ref>. Duurjoogta waxaa ka mid ah Leopard Carbeed, Jahannamo, Dhallinyaro, Dhoobleey, Koontooyin, Gaadhi, bisad ciid, iyo jerboa. Xayawaanka sida xayawaanka, oryx, leopards iyo cheetahs waxay ahaayeen kuwo badan illaa qarnigii 19aad, markii xayawaan ballaadhan ay hoos u dhigtay xayawaankan. Shimbiraha waxaa ka mid ah falcons (oo la qabto oo loo tababaray sidii loo ugaadhsiin lahaa), gorgortanka, maqaarka, waraaqaha, qashinka, iyo bulubyada. Waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo abeesooyin ah, kuwaas oo intooda badani yihiin kuwo qarxa. Sucuudi Carabiya waxay ku nooshahay nolol aad u qoto dheer. Deegaanka Badu-yo gaar ahaan waa nidaam hodan ah oo kala duwan. In ka badan 1200 nooc oo kalluun ayaa laga diiwaangeliyey Badda Cas, 10% oo ka mid ah kuwaan ayaa laga helaa meel kale.[https://www.saudi-expatriates.com/2015/05/foreign-workers-population-in-ksa.html] .[<Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/3/17/mbs-mbz-a-special-bond-between-two-gulf-princes</Ref>]. [https://www.globalmediainsight.com/blog/saudi-arabia-population-statistics] [https://www.expatica.com/sa/moving/about/an-introduction-to-saudi-arabia-71251/#:~:text=Saudi%20Arabia%20is%20the%20Middle,population%20(around%2033%20million)] ==Eqtisaadka iyo Dhaqaale == Sacuudigu waa dowlada waa ugu weyn Dawladaha [[Carabta]] & [[Islaamka]] iyo kan siddeed iyo tobnaad ee ugu weyn [[aduunka]]. Xubin joogta ah iyo aasaasaha '''[[OPEC]]'''. [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] sidoo kale waa qayb ka mid ah golaha '''[[Kooxda Labaatanka]]''' oo ah mid ka mid ah dhaqaalaha ugu weyn [[aduunka]]. Dhaqaaluhu wuxuu si weyn ugu tiirsan yahay ilaalinta iyo adeegyada ay taageeraan dawladda qaranka iyo qoyska boqortooyada.` Iyada oo lagu qiyaasay qiimihiisu yahay US$ ''33.00'' trillion, [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] waxa uu leeyahay kaydka khayraadka dabiiciga ah ee labaad ee ugu qiimaha badan. Inta badan kaydka Sucuudigu waxa uu ku jiraa qaab batroolka iyo gaasta dabiiciga ah. Dalku wuxuu leeyahay kaydka kaydka batroolka ee la xaqiijiyay ee labaad, iyo kaydka gaaska dabiiciga ah ee shanaad ee ugu wayn. Sacuudiga ayaa hadda ah dalka ugu badan ee dhoofiya batroolka [[aduunka]].!! '''[[Saudi aramco]]''', ama '''Saudi Arabian Oil Company''', waa shirkadda ugu weyn adduunka marka la eego suuq-geynta suuqa oo dhan US$ '''9.8''' trillion, in kasta oo saamiyadeeda ganacsigu ay ku fadhiyaan US$ ''2.36'' Trillion, wax yar ka horreeya '''[[Abbal]] Inc'''. Shirkaddu waa shirkadda ugu weyn ee isku dhafka ah ee saliidda iyo gaaska. Waxay xarunteedu tahay Dhahran, [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] waxayna ka shaqeysaa adduunka oo dhan, iyadoo shaqaaleysiisay in ka badan 70,000 oo qof. Shirkadda ayaa si guud u shaacbaxday Diseembar 2019 markii ay iibisay US$ '''1.98''' tiriliyan oo saami ah, taasoo ah bixinta ugu weyn ee bilawga ah ee dadweynaha taariikhda.<ReF>https://www.fxcm.com/markets/insights/10-largest-companies-in-world-market-cap/</Ref>.!! [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] waxa uu kamid yahay wadanka ugu soo saaritaanka badan shiidaalka ceyriinka ah iyo saliida sisaa darteed sacuudiga waa in uu '''[[Midowga Yurub]]''' da iyo '''[[Midowga Afrika]]''' da la saaxiibto.<Ref>https://incorporated.zone/largest-companies-by-market-cap-in-the-world/</Ref>.!! ==Sido kale Fiiri== * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}.:: * [[Somaliland]]:.. * {{Flag|Somalia}}:.. {{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}} n4ni4f9vqebm3rcdpubb79yitq5uaed 275561 275559 2025-06-10T12:52:36Z 161.12.45.16 275561 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Country in Western Asia}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya | common_name = | native_name = | image_flag = Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg | image_coat = | symbol_type = Emblem | national_motto = {{nowrap|لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا ٱلله، مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُوْلُ ٱلله}}<Br/>"{{transl|ar|Lā ʾilāha ʾillā Llāh, Muḥammadur rasūlu Llāh}}"<br />"Waxaan qira'yaa in uusan jirin ilaah, [[Ilaahay|Alle]] mooyee, waxana qirayaa in uu [[Nebi Maxamed c.s|Muxamed]] yahay rasuulkii Alle. (''[[Shahaadah]]'') | national_anthem = {{lang|ar|ٱلنَّشِيْد ٱلْوَطَنِي ٱلسُّعُوْدِي}}<Br/>"[[Aash Al Maleek|{{transl|ar|an-Našīd al-Waṭanīy as-Suʿūdī}}]]" <Br/> "Aash Al Maleek"<Br/><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">[[File:Saudi Arabian national anthem, performed by the United States Navy Band.oga|center]]</div> | image_map = Saudi Arabia (orthographic projection).svg | capital = [[Madina]]: | coordinates = {{Coord|24|39|N|46|46|E|type:city_region:SA}} | largest_city = [[Madiina Al-munawara]] | official_languages = [[Modern Standard Arabic|Arabic]]<ref name="">CIA World Factbook</ref>{{cite web |title=Basic Law of Governance |url=https://www.moe.gov.sa/en/TheMinistry/AboutKSA/Pages/System-of-Governance.aspx |website=Ministry of Education |publisher=Ministry of Education – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia |access-date=1 September 2020 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=5 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205091610/https://www.moe.gov.sa/en/TheMinistry/AboutKSA/Pages/System-of-Governance.aspx |dead-url=yes }}<!-- Do not edit without talkpage consensus. --> | regional_languages = | religion = {{unbulleted list |93.0% [[Islam in Saudi Arabia|Islam]] ([[State religion|official]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Saudi Arabia - The World Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia/ |website=CIA |publisher=CIA |access-date=30 May 2021}}</ref> *:85–90% [[Sunni Islam in Saudi Arabia|Sunni]] *:10–15% [[Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia|Shia]] |4.4% [[Christianity in Saudi Arabia|Christianity]] |1.1% [[Hinduism in Saudi Arabia|Hinduism]] |0.3% [[Buddhism in Saudi Arabia|Buddhism]] |0.2% [[Irreligion in Saudi Arabia|Unaffiliated]] }} | demonym = {{unbulleted list |[[Saudis|Saudi]]|Saudi Arabian}} | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Islamic state|Islamic]] [[absolute monarchy]] | leader_title1 = [[King of Saudi Arabia|King]] | leader_name1 = [[Salman bin 'Abd al-'Aziz Al Sa'ud]]: | leader_title2 = [[Prince of Saudi Arabia|Prince of Saudi Arabia]] | leader_name2 = [[Prince Mohammed bin Salman]] | legislature = none{{efn|There is a [[Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia|Consultative Assembly]], or Shura Council, which has no legislative power.<Ref>{{cite book|first1=Robert W.|last1=Hefner|title=Remaking Muslim Politics: Pluralism, Contestation, Democratization|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MmmVMCBej8oC&q=Saudi%2520%2522consultative%2520assembly%2522%2520no%2520legislative%2520power&pg=PA202|publisher=Princeton University Press|date=2009|isbn=978-1-4008-2639-1|page=202}}</ref> As its role is only consultative it is not considered to be a legislature.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2021-06-06|title=Analysts: Saudi Arabia Nervous About Domestic Discontent |publisher= VoA News - English|url=https://www.voanews.com/middle-east/analysts-saudi-arabia-nervous-about-domestic-discontent|website=www.voanews.com}}</Ref> }} | sovereignty_type = [[History of Saudi Arabia|Establishment]] | established_event1 = [[Emirate of Diriyah|First Saudi State]] | established_date1 = 1744 | established_event2 = [[Emirate of Nejd|Second Saudi State]] | established_date2 = 1824 | established_event3 = [[Emirate of Riyadh]] | established_date3 = 13 January 1902 | established_event4 = [[Unification of Saudi Arabia|Unification]] | established_date4 = 23 September 1932 | established_event5 = [[United Nations Charter|Admitted]][[United Nations Conference on International Organization|to the]] [[United Nations]] | established_date5 = 24 October 1945 | established_event6 = [[Basic Law of Saudi Arabia|Current constitution]] | established_date6 = 31 January 1992 | area_km2 = 2,149,690<Ref>name="CIA World Factbook"</Ref> | area_rank = 12th | area_sq_mi = 830,000 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> | percent_water = 0.7 | population_estimate = 34,218,169<Ref>name=population>{{cite web|title=The total population – General Authority for Statistics|url=https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/indicators/1|website=stats.gov.sa|access-date=31 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403082640/https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/indicators/1|archive-date=3 April 2019|url-status=dead}}</Ref> | population_census = | population_estimate_year = 2019 | population_estimate_rank = 40th | population_census_year = | population_density_km2 = 15 | population_density_sq_mi = 38.8 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> | population_density_rank = 174th | GDP_PPP = $1.924 trillion <Ref>name=imf2>{{cite web |url= https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2017&ey=2024&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=86&pr1.y=9&c=456&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=Saudi Arabia |publisher=International Monetary Fund}}</Ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2022 | GDP_PPP_rank = 14th | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $56,817<ref>name=imf2 </ref> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 12th | GDP_nominal = $380.289 Billion. | GDP_nominal_year = 2022 | GDP_nominal_rank = 18th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $23,566. | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 35th | Gini = 45.9 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 2013 | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia/ |title=The World Factbook |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |website=CIA.gov |access-date=28 May 2019}}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.854 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2019<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref> name="UNHDR">{{cite book|title=Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene|date=15 December 2020|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|isbn=978-92-1-126442-5|pages=343–346|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|access-date=16 December 2020}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 40th | currency = [[Sacuudi riyaal (SAR)| Sacuudi riyaal]] | currency_code = SAR | time_zone = [[Arabia Standard Time|AST]] | utc_offset = +3 | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy ([[Hijri year|AH]]) | drives_on = Right | calling_code = +966 | cctld = {{unbulleted list|.sa |السعودية.}} | today = | ethnic_groups = 69% [[Arabs|Arab]] <Br/> 31% [[Afro-Arabs|Afro-Arab]] | ethnic_groups_year = 2017 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702033527/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2014-07-02|title=The World Factbook|date=2 July 2014}}</Ref> | religion_ref = <Ref> name=pewl>{{cite web|title=Religious Composition by Country|url=https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf|archive-date=23 March 2018|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all|access-date=10 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323215031/http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf}}</Ref> | religion_year = 2013 }} [[W:Tr:Suudi Arabistan]] [[w:arc:ܣܥܘܕܝܐ]] '''Sacuudiga''' ama '''Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya''' ([[Af-Carabi]] المملكة العربية السعودية ) waa wadan muslin ah oo ku yaala qaarada Aasiya, gaar ahaan mandiqada [[Bariga Dhexe|bariga dhexe]]. waxayna xad lawadagtaa, wadamada [[Urdun]], [[Kuweyt]], , [[Baxrayn]], iyo [[Imaaraatka carabta]]. Waxaa kale oo xad lawadaagaa Gacanka faarisiga, oo kaga beegan dhinaca [[Woqooyi]] [[Bari]] iyo [[Baddacas]] oo [[Galbeed]]ah dadka sucuudiga tiradooda waxaa lagu qiyaasaa, in ka badan 31* miliyan oo qof.(2020).: [[File:Riyad_Bank_logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Saudi_Exchange_Logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] *_Boqortooyada waxaa yimaada sanadkii in la badan 2 milyan oo ruux Sacuudi Carabiya (/ ˌsɔːdi əreɪbiə / (ku saabsan dhawaaqa maqalka), / ˌsaʊ- / (ku saabsan codkan maqal); Carabi: السعودية as-Sucuudiyyah ama as-Sacuudiyyah), si rasmi ah Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya (BSC; Carabi: المملكة العربية السعودية al-Mamlakah al-Carabiyyah as-Sucuudiyyah, ku saabsan codkani (caawimaad · info)}}}, waa dal ku yaal galbeedka Aasiya oo ka kooban qaybta jasiiradda Carabta. Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa ah gobolka ugu weyn ee madaxbannaan ee Bariga Dhexe, oo ah juqraafi ahaana shanaad ee ugu weyn Asia, tan labaad ee dunida Carabta ka dib Algeria iyo 12 -aad ee adduunka ugu weyn. . Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa xuddun u ah Jordan iyo Ciraaq waqooyi, Kuwait ilaa waqooyi bari, Qadar, Bahrain iyo Imaaraadka Imaaraadka Carabta xagga bari, Oman ilaa koonfur iyo yemen xagga koonfureed. Waxaa laga soocay Israel iyo </nowiki>[[Masar]] by Gacanka Cadaba. Waa waddanka keliya ee leh xeebta Badda Cas iyo xeebta Gacanka, oo badi dhulkeeda waxay ka kooban tahay lamadegaan, dhul hoose iyo buuro. Sacuudi Carabiya waa dhaqaalaha ugu weyn ee Bariga Dhexe ilaa Oktoobar 2018 iyo 18aad ee adduunka ugu weyn. Xuduuda hadda ka jirta Sacuudi Carabiya waxay ahayd goobo dhaqameedyo iyo dhaqamo qadiimi ah. Taariikhda Sacuudi Carabiya waxay muujineysaa qaar ka mid ah raadintii hore ee hawlaha bani-aadamka adduunka. Diinta labaad ee adduunka ugu weyn, Islaam, ayaa ka soo baxay maalinta casriga ah ee Sacuudi Carabiya. Horraantii 7aad, Nabiga Islaamka wuxuu midoobey dadweynaha Carabta isla markaana abuuray nidaam diimeed oo Islaami ah. Kadib markii uu geeriyooday 632, taageerayaashiisa si degdeg ah ayey u balaariyeen dhulka xukunka Muslimka ee ka baxsan Carabta, oo ka adkaaday dhulalka waaweyn ee dhulalka ah (laga bilaabo Iberian Peninsula ee galbeedka ilaa maalinta casriga ah ee Pakistan ee Bariga). Carabta oo ka soo jeeda waqooyiga Suudaan taariikhda casriga ah waxay aasaaseen Rashiidun (632-661), Umayyad (661-750), Abbasid (750-1517) iyo Fatimid (909-1171) Khaliifad iyo sidoo kale dhulal badan oo kale oo Asia ah, Afrika iyo Europe. Deegaanka Sacuudi Carabiya wuxuu hore u ahaan jirey afar gobol oo kala duwan: Hejaz, Najd iyo qaybo ka mid ah Bariga Carabta (Al-Ahsa) iyo Koonfurta Carabta ('Asir') Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya waxaa aasaasay sannadkii 1932 by Ibn Saud. Waxa uu ku biiray afartan gobol hal waddan iyada oo loo marayo qabsashooyin taxane ah oo laga bilaabo 1902 la qabsaday Riyadh, oo ah aabaha gurigiisa oo ka tirsan qoyskiisa, House of Saud. Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa tan iyo markii uu ahaa boqortooyo baddan, si wax-ku-ool ah oo kali-talisnimo ah loo maamulay khadadka islaamka. Dhaqdhaqaaqa diiniga ah ee Wahhabi ee kuyaal Sunniga Islaamka waxaa loo yaqaan "muhiimada ugu muhiimsan ee dhaqanka Sacuudiga" == Taariikh == Sacuudiga waxee ka mid tahay wadamada Adoonta lahaan jirtay, wadanka sacuudiga waxaa la sameeyay sanadka marka oo ahaa 1902, ninka sameeyay waxa uu ahaa [[Cabdul Casiis al Sacuudi|Ibn Sacuudi]], waxaana boqortooyada Sacuudiga noqday sanadka marka oo ahaa 1932, cabdul casiis wuxuu dhalay caruur ka badan 50 ruux. Waxaana markii ugu horeesay dhaxlay boqortooyada Wiilkiisa sanadka marka uu ahaa. 1964 kii. Magaciisana waxaa la dhihi jiray (Faysal bin Cabdul Casiis Al sacuudi) wuxuuna bilaabay in uu keeno adoomo. wuxuuna sacuudiga ka abuuray goobo waxbarasho.Sida iskuulo iyo meelaha kale ee cilmiga diiniga lagu barto iyo goobo caafimaad.Sida isbitaalada. Siyaasiyiinta wadanka sacuudiga ma eesan jeclaan jirin siyaasada wadamada reer galbeedka Sida wadanka Boqortootada ingiriiska (English) iyo wadanka kale ee maraykanka (america). Markii uu bilaawday Dagaalkii Gacanka oo u dhaxeeyay [[Qaramada Midoobay]] (QM) iyo wadanka Ciraaq sanadka marka uu ahaay 1991, sacuudiga waxee militari soo dhoobtay xuduudkeeda, isla markaas sacuudiga waxaa lagu soo weeraray sawaariiq waxeena ku dhaceen magaalada (Riyaad) ee caasimada wadanka sacuudiga Waqtigaas kadib sacuudiga waxuu saaxiib fiican la noqday wadanka mareykanka(america) Boqorkii sacuudi carabiya ee 《Fahad bin Cabdul Casiis Al Sacuudi》 waxuu ahaan jiray boqor iyo raiisul wasaare oo loo doortay sanadka marka uu ahaa 1982 kii waxuuna dhintay sabadka marka uu ahaa 2005 tii Kadibna waxaa bedelay [[Cabdullahi bin Cabdul Casiis Al Sacuudi]]. Sacuudi Carabiya waxay ku dhawaad ​​80% Jasiiradda Carabta (Xuduudaha ugu weyn adduunka), oo u dhaxeeya waddooyinka u dhaxeeya 16 ° iyo 33 ° N, iyo dhererka 34 ° iyo 56 ° E. Sababta oo ah xuduudaha koonfureed ee waddanka Imaaraadka Carabta iyo Oman ma aha mid si sax ah loo calaamadeeyay, cabbirka saxda ah ee waddanka lama yaqaan. [292] Caqabada CIA ee dunidu waxay ku qiyaastay 2,149,690 km2 (830,000 sq mi) iyo liisaska Sacuudi Carabiya oo ah gobolka 13aad ee ugu wayn dunida. Waa juquraafi ahaan waddanka ugu weyn ee Qaadka Carbeed. ==UN Tiroka== '''682''' Juqraafiyada Sucuudigu waxay ku badan tahay xeebta Carbeed, oo la xidhiidha semi-lama-degaanka iyo geed-geedka (eeg muuqaalka dayax-gacmeedka) iyo dhowr buurood iyo goobo dhaadheer. Xaqiiqdii, waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah loola xiriiriyey oo ay ku jiraan 647,500 km2 (250,001 sq m) Rub 'al khali ("Quarter Boos") oo ku yaalla qaybta koonfur bari ee dalka, xeebta aduunka ee ugu weyn ee cagaaran. Waxaa jira harooyin yar oo dalka ka mid ah laakiin aan lahayn wabiyada joogtada ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee wadada ayaa aad u badan. Meelaha bacrin ah waa in laga helaa kaydka alaabooyinka dhulka, basaska, iyo oases. Muuqaalka ugu muhiimsan ee ugu muhiimsan waa bareegga dhexe ee ka soo baxa Badda Cas oo si tartiib ah ugu soo degaya Caddaanka iyo Gacanka Ciraaq. Xeebta Badda Cas, waxaa jira cirif dhuxul ah, oo loo yaqaan Tihamah barbar socda taas oo ku socota dabagal balaadhan. Gobolka Koonfur galbeed ee Asir waa buuro, waxaana ku jira 3,133 m (10,279 ft) Buur Sawda, oo ah meesha ugu sarraysa dalka. Marka laga reebo gobolka koofur galbeed ee Asir, Sacuudi Carabiya waxay leedahay cimilo cilad ah oo leh heerkul aad u sarreeya iyo heerkulka khafiifka ah ee habeenkii. Heerkulka xagaaga ee celceliska heerkulkiisu waa 45 ° C (113 ° F), laakiin wuxuu noqon karaa mid u sareeya 54 ° C (129 ° F). Xilliga jiilaalka heerkulku wuxuu yareeyaa 0 ° C (32 ° F). Guga iyo dayrta kuleylku waa diirimaad, heerkulka celcelis ahaan qiyaastii 29 ° C (84 ° F). Roobka sannadlaha ah ayaa aad u hooseeya. Goobta Asir waxay ku kala duwantahay in ay saameyn ku yeelato maraakiibta Hindiya, inta badan waxay dhacaan inta u dhexeysa bilaha Oktoobar ilaa Maarso. Celcelis ahaan 300 mm (12 in) oo ah roobabku waxay dhacaan muddadan, taas oo qiyaastii 60% roobabkii sanadlaha ahaa.!!` ==Boqolkiiba IMF== 2.1% <ref>http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2009-09/16/content_8696547.htm</ref>. =Xubin= *[[IMF]] *[[Bankiga Aduunka]] *[[Jaamacada Carabta]] *[[Qaramada Midoobay]] *[[Kooxda Labaatanka]] ==Waddanmaha La Deggan Saudi Arabia== * {{Flag|Bahrain}}: 50,000+ * {{Flag|Qatar}}:100,000+ * {{Flag|Kuwait}}: 20,000+ * {{Flag|Oman}}: 30,000+ * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}:10,000++ The very large expatriate communities also speak their own languages, the most numerous of which, according to 2019* data: are Bengali (~1,500,000), Tagalog (~900,000), Eastern Punjabi (~800,000), Urdu (~750,000), Egyptian Arabic (~650,000), Rohingya, North Levantine Arabic (both ~500,000)[489] and Malayalam.[490].<ref>https://www.internationalinvestment.net/news/4026204/250-expats-left-saudi-arabia-3q2020</ref>. <ref>https://www.expatfocus.com/general/these-five-countries-have-the-highest-percentage-of-expats-find-out-why-2514</ref>. Non-{{flag|Arab League}} States: Countries migrant workers come mainly from: '''[[ Midowga Yurub]]''', '''[[Great Britain]]''', ''[[Bangladesh]]'', '''[[Bakistaan]]''', ''[[Indonesia]]'', ''[[Philippines]]'', and many others at 12.49+ millions.!!` <ref>https://www.arabnews.com/saudi-arabia/news/875131</ref>. Duurjoogta waxaa ka mid ah Leopard Carbeed, Jahannamo, Dhallinyaro, Dhoobleey, Koontooyin, Gaadhi, bisad ciid, iyo jerboa. Xayawaanka sida xayawaanka, oryx, leopards iyo cheetahs waxay ahaayeen kuwo badan illaa qarnigii 19aad, markii xayawaan ballaadhan ay hoos u dhigtay xayawaankan. Shimbiraha waxaa ka mid ah falcons (oo la qabto oo loo tababaray sidii loo ugaadhsiin lahaa), gorgortanka, maqaarka, waraaqaha, qashinka, iyo bulubyada. Waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo abeesooyin ah, kuwaas oo intooda badani yihiin kuwo qarxa. Sucuudi Carabiya waxay ku nooshahay nolol aad u qoto dheer. Deegaanka Badu-yo gaar ahaan waa nidaam hodan ah oo kala duwan. In ka badan 1200 nooc oo kalluun ayaa laga diiwaangeliyey Badda Cas, 10% oo ka mid ah kuwaan ayaa laga helaa meel kale.[https://www.saudi-expatriates.com/2015/05/foreign-workers-population-in-ksa.html] .[<Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/3/17/mbs-mbz-a-special-bond-between-two-gulf-princes</Ref>]. [https://www.globalmediainsight.com/blog/saudi-arabia-population-statistics] [https://www.expatica.com/sa/moving/about/an-introduction-to-saudi-arabia-71251/#:~:text=Saudi%20Arabia%20is%20the%20Middle,population%20(around%2033%20million)] ==Eqtisaadka iyo Dhaqaale == Sacuudigu waa dowlada waa ugu weyn Dawladaha [[Carabta]] & [[Islaamka]] iyo kan siddeed iyo tobnaad ee ugu weyn [[aduunka]]. Xubin joogta ah iyo aasaasaha '''[[OPEC]]'''. [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] sidoo kale waa qayb ka mid ah golaha '''[[Kooxda Labaatanka]]''' oo ah mid ka mid ah dhaqaalaha ugu weyn [[aduunka]]. Dhaqaaluhu wuxuu si weyn ugu tiirsan yahay ilaalinta iyo adeegyada ay taageeraan dawladda qaranka iyo qoyska boqortooyada.` Iyada oo lagu qiyaasay qiimihiisu yahay US$ ''33.00'' trillion, [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] waxa uu leeyahay kaydka khayraadka dabiiciga ah ee labaad ee ugu qiimaha badan. Inta badan kaydka Sucuudigu waxa uu ku jiraa qaab batroolka iyo gaasta dabiiciga ah. Dalku wuxuu leeyahay kaydka kaydka batroolka ee la xaqiijiyay ee labaad, iyo kaydka gaaska dabiiciga ah ee shanaad ee ugu wayn. Sacuudiga ayaa hadda ah dalka ugu badan ee dhoofiya batroolka [[aduunka]].!! '''[[Saudi aramco]]''', ama '''Saudi Arabian Oil Company''', waa shirkadda ugu weyn adduunka marka la eego suuq-geynta suuqa oo dhan US$ '''9.8''' trillion, in kasta oo saamiyadeeda ganacsigu ay ku fadhiyaan US$ ''2.36'' Trillion, wax yar ka horreeya '''[[Abbal]] Inc'''. Shirkaddu waa shirkadda ugu weyn ee isku dhafka ah ee saliidda iyo gaaska. Waxay xarunteedu tahay Dhahran, [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] waxayna ka shaqeysaa adduunka oo dhan, iyadoo shaqaaleysiisay in ka badan 70,000 oo qof. Shirkadda ayaa si guud u shaacbaxday Diseembar 2019 markii ay iibisay US$ '''1.98''' tiriliyan oo saami ah, taasoo ah bixinta ugu weyn ee bilawga ah ee dadweynaha taariikhda.<ReF>https://www.fxcm.com/markets/insights/10-largest-companies-in-world-market-cap/</Ref>.!! [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] waxa uu kamid yahay wadanka ugu soo saaritaanka badan shiidaalka ceyriinka ah iyo saliida sisaa darteed sacuudiga waa in uu '''[[Midowga Yurub]]''' da iyo '''[[Midowga Afrika]]''' da la saaxiibto.<Ref>https://incorporated.zone/largest-companies-by-market-cap-in-the-world/</Ref>.!! ==Sido kale Fiiri== * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}.:: * [[Somaliland]]:.. * {{Flag|Somalia}}:.. {{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}} pux7sfedj45e4smt40equee7okt5paq 275562 275561 2025-06-10T12:54:30Z 161.12.45.16 275562 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Country in Western Asia}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya | common_name = | native_name = | image_flag = Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg | image_coat = | symbol_type = Emblem | national_motto = {{nowrap|لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا ٱلله، مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُوْلُ ٱلله}}<Br/>"{{transl|ar|Lā ʾilāha ʾillā Llāh, Muḥammadur rasūlu Llāh}}"<br />"Waxaan qira'yaa in uusan jirin ilaah, [[Ilaahay|Alle]] mooyee, waxana qirayaa in uu [[Nebi Maxamed c.s|Muxamed]] yahay rasuulkii Alle. (''[[Shahaadah]]'') | national_anthem = {{lang|ar|ٱلنَّشِيْد ٱلْوَطَنِي ٱلسُّعُوْدِي}}<Br/>"[[Aash Al Maleek|{{transl|ar|an-Našīd al-Waṭanīy as-Suʿūdī}}]]" <Br/> "Aash Al Maleek"<Br/><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">[[File:Saudi Arabian national anthem, performed by the United States Navy Band.oga|center]]</div> | image_map = Saudi Arabia (orthographic projection).svg | capital = [[Madina]]: | coordinates = {{Coord|24|39|N|46|46|E|type:city_region:SA}} | largest_city = [[Madiina Al-munawara]] | official_languages = [[Modern Standard Arabic|Arabic]]<ref name="">CIA World Factbook</ref>{{cite web |title=Basic Law of Governance |url=https://www.moe.gov.sa/en/TheMinistry/AboutKSA/Pages/System-of-Governance.aspx |website=Ministry of Education |publisher=Ministry of Education – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia |access-date=1 September 2020 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=5 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205091610/https://www.moe.gov.sa/en/TheMinistry/AboutKSA/Pages/System-of-Governance.aspx |dead-url=yes }}<!-- Do not edit without talkpage consensus. --> | regional_languages = | religion = {{unbulleted list |93.0% [[Islam in Saudi Arabia|Islam]] ([[State religion|official]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Saudi Arabia - The World Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia/ |website=CIA |publisher=CIA |access-date=30 May 2021}}</ref> *:85–90% [[Sunni Islam in Saudi Arabia|Sunni]] *:10–15% [[Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia|Shia]] |4.4% [[Christianity in Saudi Arabia|Christianity]] |1.1% [[Hinduism in Saudi Arabia|Hinduism]] |0.3% [[Buddhism in Saudi Arabia|Buddhism]] |0.2% [[Irreligion in Saudi Arabia|Unaffiliated]] }} | demonym = {{unbulleted list |[[Saudis|Saudi]]|Saudi Arabian}} | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Islamic state|Islamic]] [[absolute monarchy]] | leader_title1 = [[King of Saudi Arabia|King]] | leader_name1 = [[Salman bin 'Abd al-'Aziz Al Sa'ud]]: | leader_title2 = [[Prince of Saudi Arabia|Prince of Saudi Arabia]] | leader_name2 = [[Prince Mohammed bin Salman]] | legislature = none{{efn|There is a [[Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia|Consultative Assembly]], or Shura Council, which has no legislative power.<Ref>{{cite book|first1=Robert W.|last1=Hefner|title=Remaking Muslim Politics: Pluralism, Contestation, Democratization|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MmmVMCBej8oC&q=Saudi%2520%2522consultative%2520assembly%2522%2520no%2520legislative%2520power&pg=PA202|publisher=Princeton University Press|date=2009|isbn=978-1-4008-2639-1|page=202}}</ref> As its role is only consultative it is not considered to be a legislature.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2021-06-06|title=Analysts: Saudi Arabia Nervous About Domestic Discontent |publisher= VoA News - English|url=https://www.voanews.com/middle-east/analysts-saudi-arabia-nervous-about-domestic-discontent|website=www.voanews.com}}</Ref> }} | sovereignty_type = [[History of Saudi Arabia|Establishment]] | established_event1 = [[Emirate of Diriyah|First Saudi State]] | established_date1 = 1744 | established_event2 = [[Emirate of Nejd|Second Saudi State]] | established_date2 = 1824 | established_event3 = [[Emirate of Riyadh]] | established_date3 = 13 January 1902 | established_event4 = [[Unification of Saudi Arabia|Unification]] | established_date4 = 23 September 1932 | established_event5 = [[United Nations Charter|Admitted]][[United Nations Conference on International Organization|to the]] [[United Nations]] | established_date5 = 24 October 1945 | established_event6 = [[Basic Law of Saudi Arabia|Current constitution]] | established_date6 = 31 January 1992 | area_km2 = 2,149,690<Ref>name="CIA World Factbook"</Ref> | area_rank = 12th | area_sq_mi = 830,000 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> | percent_water = 0.7 | population_estimate = 34,218,169<Ref>name=population>{{cite web|title=The total population – General Authority for Statistics|url=https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/indicators/1|website=stats.gov.sa|access-date=31 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403082640/https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/indicators/1|archive-date=3 April 2019|url-status=dead}}</Ref> | population_census = | population_estimate_year = 2019 | population_estimate_rank = 40th | population_census_year = | population_density_km2 = 15 | population_density_sq_mi = 38.8 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> | population_density_rank = 174th | GDP_PPP = $1.924 trillion <Ref>name=imf2>{{cite web |url= https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2017&ey=2024&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=86&pr1.y=9&c=456&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=Saudi Arabia |publisher=International Monetary Fund}}</Ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2022 | GDP_PPP_rank = 14th | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $56,817<ref>name=imf2 </ref> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 12th | GDP_nominal = $380.289 Billion. | GDP_nominal_year = 2022 | GDP_nominal_rank = 18th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $23,566. | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 35th | Gini = 45.9 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 2013 | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia/ |title=The World Factbook |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |website=CIA.gov |access-date=28 May 2019}}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.854 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2019<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref> name="UNHDR">{{cite book|title=Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene|date=15 December 2020|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|isbn=978-92-1-126442-5|pages=343–346|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|access-date=16 December 2020}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 40th | currency = [[Sacuudi riyaal (SAR)| Sacuudi riyaal]] | currency_code = SAR | time_zone = [[Arabia Standard Time|AST]] | utc_offset = +3 | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy ([[Hijri year|AH]]) | drives_on = Right | calling_code = +966 | cctld = {{unbulleted list|.sa |السعودية.}} | today = | ethnic_groups = 69% [[Arabs|Arab]] <Br/> 31% [[Afro-Arabs|Afro-Arab]] | ethnic_groups_year = 2017 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702033527/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2014-07-02|title=The World Factbook|date=2 July 2014}}</Ref> | religion_ref = <Ref> name=pewl>{{cite web|title=Religious Composition by Country|url=https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf|archive-date=23 March 2018|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all|access-date=10 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323215031/http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf}}</Ref> | religion_year = 2013 }} [[W:Tr:Suudi Arabistan]] [[w:arc:ܣܥܘܕܝܐ]] '''Sacuudiga''' ama '''Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya''' ([[Af-Carabi]] المملكة العربية السعودية ) waa wadan muslin ah oo ku yaala qaarada Aasiya, gaar ahaan mandiqada [[Bariga Dhexe|bariga dhexe]]. waxayna xad lawadagtaa, wadamada [[Urdun]], [[Kuweyt]], , [[Baxrayn]], iyo [[Imaaraatka carabta]]. Waxaa kale oo xad lawadaagaa Gacanka faarisiga, oo kaga beegan dhinaca [[Woqooyi]] [[Bari]] iyo [[Baddacas]] oo [[Galbeed]]ah dadka sucuudiga tiradooda waxaa lagu qiyaasaa, in ka badan 31* miliyan oo qof.(2020).: [[File:Riyad_Bank_logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Saudi_Exchange_Logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Flynas_Logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] *_Boqortooyada waxaa yimaada sanadkii in la badan 2 milyan oo ruux Sacuudi Carabiya (/ ˌsɔːdi əreɪbiə / (ku saabsan dhawaaqa maqalka), / ˌsaʊ- / (ku saabsan codkan maqal); Carabi: السعودية as-Sucuudiyyah ama as-Sacuudiyyah), si rasmi ah Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya (BSC; Carabi: المملكة العربية السعودية al-Mamlakah al-Carabiyyah as-Sucuudiyyah, ku saabsan codkani (caawimaad · info)}}}, waa dal ku yaal galbeedka Aasiya oo ka kooban qaybta jasiiradda Carabta. Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa ah gobolka ugu weyn ee madaxbannaan ee Bariga Dhexe, oo ah juqraafi ahaana shanaad ee ugu weyn Asia, tan labaad ee dunida Carabta ka dib Algeria iyo 12 -aad ee adduunka ugu weyn. . Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa xuddun u ah Jordan iyo Ciraaq waqooyi, Kuwait ilaa waqooyi bari, Qadar, Bahrain iyo Imaaraadka Imaaraadka Carabta xagga bari, Oman ilaa koonfur iyo yemen xagga koonfureed. Waxaa laga soocay Israel iyo </nowiki>[[Masar]] by Gacanka Cadaba. Waa waddanka keliya ee leh xeebta Badda Cas iyo xeebta Gacanka, oo badi dhulkeeda waxay ka kooban tahay lamadegaan, dhul hoose iyo buuro. Sacuudi Carabiya waa dhaqaalaha ugu weyn ee Bariga Dhexe ilaa Oktoobar 2018 iyo 18aad ee adduunka ugu weyn. Xuduuda hadda ka jirta Sacuudi Carabiya waxay ahayd goobo dhaqameedyo iyo dhaqamo qadiimi ah. Taariikhda Sacuudi Carabiya waxay muujineysaa qaar ka mid ah raadintii hore ee hawlaha bani-aadamka adduunka. Diinta labaad ee adduunka ugu weyn, Islaam, ayaa ka soo baxay maalinta casriga ah ee Sacuudi Carabiya. Horraantii 7aad, Nabiga Islaamka wuxuu midoobey dadweynaha Carabta isla markaana abuuray nidaam diimeed oo Islaami ah. Kadib markii uu geeriyooday 632, taageerayaashiisa si degdeg ah ayey u balaariyeen dhulka xukunka Muslimka ee ka baxsan Carabta, oo ka adkaaday dhulalka waaweyn ee dhulalka ah (laga bilaabo Iberian Peninsula ee galbeedka ilaa maalinta casriga ah ee Pakistan ee Bariga). Carabta oo ka soo jeeda waqooyiga Suudaan taariikhda casriga ah waxay aasaaseen Rashiidun (632-661), Umayyad (661-750), Abbasid (750-1517) iyo Fatimid (909-1171) Khaliifad iyo sidoo kale dhulal badan oo kale oo Asia ah, Afrika iyo Europe. Deegaanka Sacuudi Carabiya wuxuu hore u ahaan jirey afar gobol oo kala duwan: Hejaz, Najd iyo qaybo ka mid ah Bariga Carabta (Al-Ahsa) iyo Koonfurta Carabta ('Asir') Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya waxaa aasaasay sannadkii 1932 by Ibn Saud. Waxa uu ku biiray afartan gobol hal waddan iyada oo loo marayo qabsashooyin taxane ah oo laga bilaabo 1902 la qabsaday Riyadh, oo ah aabaha gurigiisa oo ka tirsan qoyskiisa, House of Saud. Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa tan iyo markii uu ahaa boqortooyo baddan, si wax-ku-ool ah oo kali-talisnimo ah loo maamulay khadadka islaamka. Dhaqdhaqaaqa diiniga ah ee Wahhabi ee kuyaal Sunniga Islaamka waxaa loo yaqaan "muhiimada ugu muhiimsan ee dhaqanka Sacuudiga" == Taariikh == Sacuudiga waxee ka mid tahay wadamada Adoonta lahaan jirtay, wadanka sacuudiga waxaa la sameeyay sanadka marka oo ahaa 1902, ninka sameeyay waxa uu ahaa [[Cabdul Casiis al Sacuudi|Ibn Sacuudi]], waxaana boqortooyada Sacuudiga noqday sanadka marka oo ahaa 1932, cabdul casiis wuxuu dhalay caruur ka badan 50 ruux. Waxaana markii ugu horeesay dhaxlay boqortooyada Wiilkiisa sanadka marka uu ahaa. 1964 kii. Magaciisana waxaa la dhihi jiray (Faysal bin Cabdul Casiis Al sacuudi) wuxuuna bilaabay in uu keeno adoomo. wuxuuna sacuudiga ka abuuray goobo waxbarasho.Sida iskuulo iyo meelaha kale ee cilmiga diiniga lagu barto iyo goobo caafimaad.Sida isbitaalada. Siyaasiyiinta wadanka sacuudiga ma eesan jeclaan jirin siyaasada wadamada reer galbeedka Sida wadanka Boqortootada ingiriiska (English) iyo wadanka kale ee maraykanka (america). Markii uu bilaawday Dagaalkii Gacanka oo u dhaxeeyay [[Qaramada Midoobay]] (QM) iyo wadanka Ciraaq sanadka marka uu ahaay 1991, sacuudiga waxee militari soo dhoobtay xuduudkeeda, isla markaas sacuudiga waxaa lagu soo weeraray sawaariiq waxeena ku dhaceen magaalada (Riyaad) ee caasimada wadanka sacuudiga Waqtigaas kadib sacuudiga waxuu saaxiib fiican la noqday wadanka mareykanka(america) Boqorkii sacuudi carabiya ee 《Fahad bin Cabdul Casiis Al Sacuudi》 waxuu ahaan jiray boqor iyo raiisul wasaare oo loo doortay sanadka marka uu ahaa 1982 kii waxuuna dhintay sabadka marka uu ahaa 2005 tii Kadibna waxaa bedelay [[Cabdullahi bin Cabdul Casiis Al Sacuudi]]. Sacuudi Carabiya waxay ku dhawaad ​​80% Jasiiradda Carabta (Xuduudaha ugu weyn adduunka), oo u dhaxeeya waddooyinka u dhaxeeya 16 ° iyo 33 ° N, iyo dhererka 34 ° iyo 56 ° E. Sababta oo ah xuduudaha koonfureed ee waddanka Imaaraadka Carabta iyo Oman ma aha mid si sax ah loo calaamadeeyay, cabbirka saxda ah ee waddanka lama yaqaan. [292] Caqabada CIA ee dunidu waxay ku qiyaastay 2,149,690 km2 (830,000 sq mi) iyo liisaska Sacuudi Carabiya oo ah gobolka 13aad ee ugu wayn dunida. Waa juquraafi ahaan waddanka ugu weyn ee Qaadka Carbeed. ==UN Tiroka== '''682''' Juqraafiyada Sucuudigu waxay ku badan tahay xeebta Carbeed, oo la xidhiidha semi-lama-degaanka iyo geed-geedka (eeg muuqaalka dayax-gacmeedka) iyo dhowr buurood iyo goobo dhaadheer. Xaqiiqdii, waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah loola xiriiriyey oo ay ku jiraan 647,500 km2 (250,001 sq m) Rub 'al khali ("Quarter Boos") oo ku yaalla qaybta koonfur bari ee dalka, xeebta aduunka ee ugu weyn ee cagaaran. Waxaa jira harooyin yar oo dalka ka mid ah laakiin aan lahayn wabiyada joogtada ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee wadada ayaa aad u badan. Meelaha bacrin ah waa in laga helaa kaydka alaabooyinka dhulka, basaska, iyo oases. Muuqaalka ugu muhiimsan ee ugu muhiimsan waa bareegga dhexe ee ka soo baxa Badda Cas oo si tartiib ah ugu soo degaya Caddaanka iyo Gacanka Ciraaq. Xeebta Badda Cas, waxaa jira cirif dhuxul ah, oo loo yaqaan Tihamah barbar socda taas oo ku socota dabagal balaadhan. Gobolka Koonfur galbeed ee Asir waa buuro, waxaana ku jira 3,133 m (10,279 ft) Buur Sawda, oo ah meesha ugu sarraysa dalka. Marka laga reebo gobolka koofur galbeed ee Asir, Sacuudi Carabiya waxay leedahay cimilo cilad ah oo leh heerkul aad u sarreeya iyo heerkulka khafiifka ah ee habeenkii. Heerkulka xagaaga ee celceliska heerkulkiisu waa 45 ° C (113 ° F), laakiin wuxuu noqon karaa mid u sareeya 54 ° C (129 ° F). Xilliga jiilaalka heerkulku wuxuu yareeyaa 0 ° C (32 ° F). Guga iyo dayrta kuleylku waa diirimaad, heerkulka celcelis ahaan qiyaastii 29 ° C (84 ° F). Roobka sannadlaha ah ayaa aad u hooseeya. Goobta Asir waxay ku kala duwantahay in ay saameyn ku yeelato maraakiibta Hindiya, inta badan waxay dhacaan inta u dhexeysa bilaha Oktoobar ilaa Maarso. Celcelis ahaan 300 mm (12 in) oo ah roobabku waxay dhacaan muddadan, taas oo qiyaastii 60% roobabkii sanadlaha ahaa.!!` ==Boqolkiiba IMF== 2.1% <ref>http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2009-09/16/content_8696547.htm</ref>. =Xubin= *[[IMF]] *[[Bankiga Aduunka]] *[[Jaamacada Carabta]] *[[Qaramada Midoobay]] *[[Kooxda Labaatanka]] ==Waddanmaha La Deggan Saudi Arabia== * {{Flag|Bahrain}}: 50,000+ * {{Flag|Qatar}}:100,000+ * {{Flag|Kuwait}}: 20,000+ * {{Flag|Oman}}: 30,000+ * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}:10,000++ The very large expatriate communities also speak their own languages, the most numerous of which, according to 2019* data: are Bengali (~1,500,000), Tagalog (~900,000), Eastern Punjabi (~800,000), Urdu (~750,000), Egyptian Arabic (~650,000), Rohingya, North Levantine Arabic (both ~500,000)[489] and Malayalam.[490].<ref>https://www.internationalinvestment.net/news/4026204/250-expats-left-saudi-arabia-3q2020</ref>. <ref>https://www.expatfocus.com/general/these-five-countries-have-the-highest-percentage-of-expats-find-out-why-2514</ref>. Non-{{flag|Arab League}} States: Countries migrant workers come mainly from: '''[[ Midowga Yurub]]''', '''[[Great Britain]]''', ''[[Bangladesh]]'', '''[[Bakistaan]]''', ''[[Indonesia]]'', ''[[Philippines]]'', and many others at 12.49+ millions.!!` <ref>https://www.arabnews.com/saudi-arabia/news/875131</ref>. Duurjoogta waxaa ka mid ah Leopard Carbeed, Jahannamo, Dhallinyaro, Dhoobleey, Koontooyin, Gaadhi, bisad ciid, iyo jerboa. Xayawaanka sida xayawaanka, oryx, leopards iyo cheetahs waxay ahaayeen kuwo badan illaa qarnigii 19aad, markii xayawaan ballaadhan ay hoos u dhigtay xayawaankan. Shimbiraha waxaa ka mid ah falcons (oo la qabto oo loo tababaray sidii loo ugaadhsiin lahaa), gorgortanka, maqaarka, waraaqaha, qashinka, iyo bulubyada. Waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo abeesooyin ah, kuwaas oo intooda badani yihiin kuwo qarxa. Sucuudi Carabiya waxay ku nooshahay nolol aad u qoto dheer. Deegaanka Badu-yo gaar ahaan waa nidaam hodan ah oo kala duwan. In ka badan 1200 nooc oo kalluun ayaa laga diiwaangeliyey Badda Cas, 10% oo ka mid ah kuwaan ayaa laga helaa meel kale.[https://www.saudi-expatriates.com/2015/05/foreign-workers-population-in-ksa.html] .[<Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/3/17/mbs-mbz-a-special-bond-between-two-gulf-princes</Ref>]. [https://www.globalmediainsight.com/blog/saudi-arabia-population-statistics] [https://www.expatica.com/sa/moving/about/an-introduction-to-saudi-arabia-71251/#:~:text=Saudi%20Arabia%20is%20the%20Middle,population%20(around%2033%20million)] ==Eqtisaadka iyo Dhaqaale == Sacuudigu waa dowlada waa ugu weyn Dawladaha [[Carabta]] & [[Islaamka]] iyo kan siddeed iyo tobnaad ee ugu weyn [[aduunka]]. Xubin joogta ah iyo aasaasaha '''[[OPEC]]'''. [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] sidoo kale waa qayb ka mid ah golaha '''[[Kooxda Labaatanka]]''' oo ah mid ka mid ah dhaqaalaha ugu weyn [[aduunka]]. Dhaqaaluhu wuxuu si weyn ugu tiirsan yahay ilaalinta iyo adeegyada ay taageeraan dawladda qaranka iyo qoyska boqortooyada.` Iyada oo lagu qiyaasay qiimihiisu yahay US$ ''33.00'' trillion, [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] waxa uu leeyahay kaydka khayraadka dabiiciga ah ee labaad ee ugu qiimaha badan. Inta badan kaydka Sucuudigu waxa uu ku jiraa qaab batroolka iyo gaasta dabiiciga ah. Dalku wuxuu leeyahay kaydka kaydka batroolka ee la xaqiijiyay ee labaad, iyo kaydka gaaska dabiiciga ah ee shanaad ee ugu wayn. Sacuudiga ayaa hadda ah dalka ugu badan ee dhoofiya batroolka [[aduunka]].!! '''[[Saudi aramco]]''', ama '''Saudi Arabian Oil Company''', waa shirkadda ugu weyn adduunka marka la eego suuq-geynta suuqa oo dhan US$ '''9.8''' trillion, in kasta oo saamiyadeeda ganacsigu ay ku fadhiyaan US$ ''2.36'' Trillion, wax yar ka horreeya '''[[Abbal]] Inc'''. Shirkaddu waa shirkadda ugu weyn ee isku dhafka ah ee saliidda iyo gaaska. Waxay xarunteedu tahay Dhahran, [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] waxayna ka shaqeysaa adduunka oo dhan, iyadoo shaqaaleysiisay in ka badan 70,000 oo qof. Shirkadda ayaa si guud u shaacbaxday Diseembar 2019 markii ay iibisay US$ '''1.98''' tiriliyan oo saami ah, taasoo ah bixinta ugu weyn ee bilawga ah ee dadweynaha taariikhda.<ReF>https://www.fxcm.com/markets/insights/10-largest-companies-in-world-market-cap/</Ref>.!! [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] waxa uu kamid yahay wadanka ugu soo saaritaanka badan shiidaalka ceyriinka ah iyo saliida sisaa darteed sacuudiga waa in uu '''[[Midowga Yurub]]''' da iyo '''[[Midowga Afrika]]''' da la saaxiibto.<Ref>https://incorporated.zone/largest-companies-by-market-cap-in-the-world/</Ref>.!! ==Sido kale Fiiri== * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}.:: * [[Somaliland]]:.. * {{Flag|Somalia}}:.. {{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}} 50xjs68xemm44rhveemei9frvuwhwo9 275563 275562 2025-06-10T12:56:08Z 161.12.45.16 275563 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Country in Western Asia}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya | common_name = | native_name = | image_flag = Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg | image_coat = | symbol_type = Emblem | national_motto = {{nowrap|لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا ٱلله، مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُوْلُ ٱلله}}<Br/>"{{transl|ar|Lā ʾilāha ʾillā Llāh, Muḥammadur rasūlu Llāh}}"<br />"Waxaan qira'yaa in uusan jirin ilaah, [[Ilaahay|Alle]] mooyee, waxana qirayaa in uu [[Nebi Maxamed c.s|Muxamed]] yahay rasuulkii Alle. (''[[Shahaadah]]'') | national_anthem = {{lang|ar|ٱلنَّشِيْد ٱلْوَطَنِي ٱلسُّعُوْدِي}}<Br/>"[[Aash Al Maleek|{{transl|ar|an-Našīd al-Waṭanīy as-Suʿūdī}}]]" <Br/> "Aash Al Maleek"<Br/><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">[[File:Saudi Arabian national anthem, performed by the United States Navy Band.oga|center]]</div> | image_map = Saudi Arabia (orthographic projection).svg | capital = [[Madina]]: | coordinates = {{Coord|24|39|N|46|46|E|type:city_region:SA}} | largest_city = [[Madiina Al-munawara]] | official_languages = [[Modern Standard Arabic|Arabic]]<ref name="">CIA World Factbook</ref>{{cite web |title=Basic Law of Governance |url=https://www.moe.gov.sa/en/TheMinistry/AboutKSA/Pages/System-of-Governance.aspx |website=Ministry of Education |publisher=Ministry of Education – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia |access-date=1 September 2020 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=5 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205091610/https://www.moe.gov.sa/en/TheMinistry/AboutKSA/Pages/System-of-Governance.aspx |dead-url=yes }}<!-- Do not edit without talkpage consensus. --> | regional_languages = | religion = {{unbulleted list |93.0% [[Islam in Saudi Arabia|Islam]] ([[State religion|official]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Saudi Arabia - The World Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia/ |website=CIA |publisher=CIA |access-date=30 May 2021}}</ref> *:85–90% [[Sunni Islam in Saudi Arabia|Sunni]] *:10–15% [[Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia|Shia]] |4.4% [[Christianity in Saudi Arabia|Christianity]] |1.1% [[Hinduism in Saudi Arabia|Hinduism]] |0.3% [[Buddhism in Saudi Arabia|Buddhism]] |0.2% [[Irreligion in Saudi Arabia|Unaffiliated]] }} | demonym = {{unbulleted list |[[Saudis|Saudi]]|Saudi Arabian}} | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Islamic state|Islamic]] [[absolute monarchy]] | leader_title1 = [[King of Saudi Arabia|King]] | leader_name1 = [[Salman bin 'Abd al-'Aziz Al Sa'ud]]: | leader_title2 = [[Prince of Saudi Arabia|Prince of Saudi Arabia]] | leader_name2 = [[Prince Mohammed bin Salman]] | legislature = none{{efn|There is a [[Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia|Consultative Assembly]], or Shura Council, which has no legislative power.<Ref>{{cite book|first1=Robert W.|last1=Hefner|title=Remaking Muslim Politics: Pluralism, Contestation, Democratization|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MmmVMCBej8oC&q=Saudi%2520%2522consultative%2520assembly%2522%2520no%2520legislative%2520power&pg=PA202|publisher=Princeton University Press|date=2009|isbn=978-1-4008-2639-1|page=202}}</ref> As its role is only consultative it is not considered to be a legislature.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2021-06-06|title=Analysts: Saudi Arabia Nervous About Domestic Discontent |publisher= VoA News - English|url=https://www.voanews.com/middle-east/analysts-saudi-arabia-nervous-about-domestic-discontent|website=www.voanews.com}}</Ref> }} | sovereignty_type = [[History of Saudi Arabia|Establishment]] | established_event1 = [[Emirate of Diriyah|First Saudi State]] | established_date1 = 1744 | established_event2 = [[Emirate of Nejd|Second Saudi State]] | established_date2 = 1824 | established_event3 = [[Emirate of Riyadh]] | established_date3 = 13 January 1902 | established_event4 = [[Unification of Saudi Arabia|Unification]] | established_date4 = 23 September 1932 | established_event5 = [[United Nations Charter|Admitted]][[United Nations Conference on International Organization|to the]] [[United Nations]] | established_date5 = 24 October 1945 | established_event6 = [[Basic Law of Saudi Arabia|Current constitution]] | established_date6 = 31 January 1992 | area_km2 = 2,149,690<Ref>name="CIA World Factbook"</Ref> | area_rank = 12th | area_sq_mi = 830,000 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> | percent_water = 0.7 | population_estimate = 34,218,169<Ref>name=population>{{cite web|title=The total population – General Authority for Statistics|url=https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/indicators/1|website=stats.gov.sa|access-date=31 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403082640/https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/indicators/1|archive-date=3 April 2019|url-status=dead}}</Ref> | population_census = | population_estimate_year = 2019 | population_estimate_rank = 40th | population_census_year = | population_density_km2 = 15 | population_density_sq_mi = 38.8 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> | population_density_rank = 174th | GDP_PPP = $1.924 trillion <Ref>name=imf2>{{cite web |url= https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2017&ey=2024&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=86&pr1.y=9&c=456&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=Saudi Arabia |publisher=International Monetary Fund}}</Ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2022 | GDP_PPP_rank = 14th | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $56,817<ref>name=imf2 </ref> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 12th | GDP_nominal = $380.289 Billion. | GDP_nominal_year = 2022 | GDP_nominal_rank = 18th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $23,566. | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 35th | Gini = 45.9 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 2013 | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia/ |title=The World Factbook |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |website=CIA.gov |access-date=28 May 2019}}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.854 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2019<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref> name="UNHDR">{{cite book|title=Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene|date=15 December 2020|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|isbn=978-92-1-126442-5|pages=343–346|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|access-date=16 December 2020}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 40th | currency = [[Sacuudi riyaal (SAR)| Sacuudi riyaal]] | currency_code = SAR | time_zone = [[Arabia Standard Time|AST]] | utc_offset = +3 | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy ([[Hijri year|AH]]) | drives_on = Right | calling_code = +966 | cctld = {{unbulleted list|.sa |السعودية.}} | today = | ethnic_groups = 69% [[Arabs|Arab]] <Br/> 31% [[Afro-Arabs|Afro-Arab]] | ethnic_groups_year = 2017 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702033527/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2014-07-02|title=The World Factbook|date=2 July 2014}}</Ref> | religion_ref = <Ref> name=pewl>{{cite web|title=Religious Composition by Country|url=https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf|archive-date=23 March 2018|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all|access-date=10 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323215031/http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf}}</Ref> | religion_year = 2013 }} [[W:Tr:Suudi Arabistan]] [[w:arc:ܣܥܘܕܝܐ]] '''Sacuudiga''' ama '''Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya''' ([[Af-Carabi]] المملكة العربية السعودية ) waa wadan muslin ah oo ku yaala qaarada Aasiya, gaar ahaan mandiqada [[Bariga Dhexe|bariga dhexe]]. waxayna xad lawadagtaa, wadamada [[Urdun]], [[Kuweyt]], , [[Baxrayn]], iyo [[Imaaraatka carabta]]. Waxaa kale oo xad lawadaagaa Gacanka faarisiga, oo kaga beegan dhinaca [[Woqooyi]] [[Bari]] iyo [[Baddacas]] oo [[Galbeed]]ah dadka sucuudiga tiradooda waxaa lagu qiyaasaa, in ka badan 31* miliyan oo qof.(2020).: [[File:Riyad_Bank_logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Saudi_Exchange_Logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Flynas_Logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Chicken_Saleeg.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] *_Boqortooyada waxaa yimaada sanadkii in la badan 2 milyan oo ruux Sacuudi Carabiya (/ ˌsɔːdi əreɪbiə / (ku saabsan dhawaaqa maqalka), / ˌsaʊ- / (ku saabsan codkan maqal); Carabi: السعودية as-Sucuudiyyah ama as-Sacuudiyyah), si rasmi ah Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya (BSC; Carabi: المملكة العربية السعودية al-Mamlakah al-Carabiyyah as-Sucuudiyyah, ku saabsan codkani (caawimaad · info)}}}, waa dal ku yaal galbeedka Aasiya oo ka kooban qaybta jasiiradda Carabta. Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa ah gobolka ugu weyn ee madaxbannaan ee Bariga Dhexe, oo ah juqraafi ahaana shanaad ee ugu weyn Asia, tan labaad ee dunida Carabta ka dib Algeria iyo 12 -aad ee adduunka ugu weyn. . Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa xuddun u ah Jordan iyo Ciraaq waqooyi, Kuwait ilaa waqooyi bari, Qadar, Bahrain iyo Imaaraadka Imaaraadka Carabta xagga bari, Oman ilaa koonfur iyo yemen xagga koonfureed. Waxaa laga soocay Israel iyo </nowiki>[[Masar]] by Gacanka Cadaba. Waa waddanka keliya ee leh xeebta Badda Cas iyo xeebta Gacanka, oo badi dhulkeeda waxay ka kooban tahay lamadegaan, dhul hoose iyo buuro. Sacuudi Carabiya waa dhaqaalaha ugu weyn ee Bariga Dhexe ilaa Oktoobar 2018 iyo 18aad ee adduunka ugu weyn. Xuduuda hadda ka jirta Sacuudi Carabiya waxay ahayd goobo dhaqameedyo iyo dhaqamo qadiimi ah. Taariikhda Sacuudi Carabiya waxay muujineysaa qaar ka mid ah raadintii hore ee hawlaha bani-aadamka adduunka. Diinta labaad ee adduunka ugu weyn, Islaam, ayaa ka soo baxay maalinta casriga ah ee Sacuudi Carabiya. Horraantii 7aad, Nabiga Islaamka wuxuu midoobey dadweynaha Carabta isla markaana abuuray nidaam diimeed oo Islaami ah. Kadib markii uu geeriyooday 632, taageerayaashiisa si degdeg ah ayey u balaariyeen dhulka xukunka Muslimka ee ka baxsan Carabta, oo ka adkaaday dhulalka waaweyn ee dhulalka ah (laga bilaabo Iberian Peninsula ee galbeedka ilaa maalinta casriga ah ee Pakistan ee Bariga). Carabta oo ka soo jeeda waqooyiga Suudaan taariikhda casriga ah waxay aasaaseen Rashiidun (632-661), Umayyad (661-750), Abbasid (750-1517) iyo Fatimid (909-1171) Khaliifad iyo sidoo kale dhulal badan oo kale oo Asia ah, Afrika iyo Europe. Deegaanka Sacuudi Carabiya wuxuu hore u ahaan jirey afar gobol oo kala duwan: Hejaz, Najd iyo qaybo ka mid ah Bariga Carabta (Al-Ahsa) iyo Koonfurta Carabta ('Asir') Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya waxaa aasaasay sannadkii 1932 by Ibn Saud. Waxa uu ku biiray afartan gobol hal waddan iyada oo loo marayo qabsashooyin taxane ah oo laga bilaabo 1902 la qabsaday Riyadh, oo ah aabaha gurigiisa oo ka tirsan qoyskiisa, House of Saud. Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa tan iyo markii uu ahaa boqortooyo baddan, si wax-ku-ool ah oo kali-talisnimo ah loo maamulay khadadka islaamka. Dhaqdhaqaaqa diiniga ah ee Wahhabi ee kuyaal Sunniga Islaamka waxaa loo yaqaan "muhiimada ugu muhiimsan ee dhaqanka Sacuudiga" == Taariikh == Sacuudiga waxee ka mid tahay wadamada Adoonta lahaan jirtay, wadanka sacuudiga waxaa la sameeyay sanadka marka oo ahaa 1902, ninka sameeyay waxa uu ahaa [[Cabdul Casiis al Sacuudi|Ibn Sacuudi]], waxaana boqortooyada Sacuudiga noqday sanadka marka oo ahaa 1932, cabdul casiis wuxuu dhalay caruur ka badan 50 ruux. Waxaana markii ugu horeesay dhaxlay boqortooyada Wiilkiisa sanadka marka uu ahaa. 1964 kii. Magaciisana waxaa la dhihi jiray (Faysal bin Cabdul Casiis Al sacuudi) wuxuuna bilaabay in uu keeno adoomo. wuxuuna sacuudiga ka abuuray goobo waxbarasho.Sida iskuulo iyo meelaha kale ee cilmiga diiniga lagu barto iyo goobo caafimaad.Sida isbitaalada. Siyaasiyiinta wadanka sacuudiga ma eesan jeclaan jirin siyaasada wadamada reer galbeedka Sida wadanka Boqortootada ingiriiska (English) iyo wadanka kale ee maraykanka (america). Markii uu bilaawday Dagaalkii Gacanka oo u dhaxeeyay [[Qaramada Midoobay]] (QM) iyo wadanka Ciraaq sanadka marka uu ahaay 1991, sacuudiga waxee militari soo dhoobtay xuduudkeeda, isla markaas sacuudiga waxaa lagu soo weeraray sawaariiq waxeena ku dhaceen magaalada (Riyaad) ee caasimada wadanka sacuudiga Waqtigaas kadib sacuudiga waxuu saaxiib fiican la noqday wadanka mareykanka(america) Boqorkii sacuudi carabiya ee 《Fahad bin Cabdul Casiis Al Sacuudi》 waxuu ahaan jiray boqor iyo raiisul wasaare oo loo doortay sanadka marka uu ahaa 1982 kii waxuuna dhintay sabadka marka uu ahaa 2005 tii Kadibna waxaa bedelay [[Cabdullahi bin Cabdul Casiis Al Sacuudi]]. Sacuudi Carabiya waxay ku dhawaad ​​80% Jasiiradda Carabta (Xuduudaha ugu weyn adduunka), oo u dhaxeeya waddooyinka u dhaxeeya 16 ° iyo 33 ° N, iyo dhererka 34 ° iyo 56 ° E. Sababta oo ah xuduudaha koonfureed ee waddanka Imaaraadka Carabta iyo Oman ma aha mid si sax ah loo calaamadeeyay, cabbirka saxda ah ee waddanka lama yaqaan. [292] Caqabada CIA ee dunidu waxay ku qiyaastay 2,149,690 km2 (830,000 sq mi) iyo liisaska Sacuudi Carabiya oo ah gobolka 13aad ee ugu wayn dunida. Waa juquraafi ahaan waddanka ugu weyn ee Qaadka Carbeed. ==UN Tiroka== '''682''' Juqraafiyada Sucuudigu waxay ku badan tahay xeebta Carbeed, oo la xidhiidha semi-lama-degaanka iyo geed-geedka (eeg muuqaalka dayax-gacmeedka) iyo dhowr buurood iyo goobo dhaadheer. Xaqiiqdii, waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah loola xiriiriyey oo ay ku jiraan 647,500 km2 (250,001 sq m) Rub 'al khali ("Quarter Boos") oo ku yaalla qaybta koonfur bari ee dalka, xeebta aduunka ee ugu weyn ee cagaaran. Waxaa jira harooyin yar oo dalka ka mid ah laakiin aan lahayn wabiyada joogtada ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee wadada ayaa aad u badan. Meelaha bacrin ah waa in laga helaa kaydka alaabooyinka dhulka, basaska, iyo oases. Muuqaalka ugu muhiimsan ee ugu muhiimsan waa bareegga dhexe ee ka soo baxa Badda Cas oo si tartiib ah ugu soo degaya Caddaanka iyo Gacanka Ciraaq. Xeebta Badda Cas, waxaa jira cirif dhuxul ah, oo loo yaqaan Tihamah barbar socda taas oo ku socota dabagal balaadhan. Gobolka Koonfur galbeed ee Asir waa buuro, waxaana ku jira 3,133 m (10,279 ft) Buur Sawda, oo ah meesha ugu sarraysa dalka. Marka laga reebo gobolka koofur galbeed ee Asir, Sacuudi Carabiya waxay leedahay cimilo cilad ah oo leh heerkul aad u sarreeya iyo heerkulka khafiifka ah ee habeenkii. Heerkulka xagaaga ee celceliska heerkulkiisu waa 45 ° C (113 ° F), laakiin wuxuu noqon karaa mid u sareeya 54 ° C (129 ° F). Xilliga jiilaalka heerkulku wuxuu yareeyaa 0 ° C (32 ° F). Guga iyo dayrta kuleylku waa diirimaad, heerkulka celcelis ahaan qiyaastii 29 ° C (84 ° F). Roobka sannadlaha ah ayaa aad u hooseeya. Goobta Asir waxay ku kala duwantahay in ay saameyn ku yeelato maraakiibta Hindiya, inta badan waxay dhacaan inta u dhexeysa bilaha Oktoobar ilaa Maarso. Celcelis ahaan 300 mm (12 in) oo ah roobabku waxay dhacaan muddadan, taas oo qiyaastii 60% roobabkii sanadlaha ahaa.!!` ==Boqolkiiba IMF== 2.1% <ref>http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2009-09/16/content_8696547.htm</ref>. =Xubin= *[[IMF]] *[[Bankiga Aduunka]] *[[Jaamacada Carabta]] *[[Qaramada Midoobay]] *[[Kooxda Labaatanka]] ==Waddanmaha La Deggan Saudi Arabia== * {{Flag|Bahrain}}: 50,000+ * {{Flag|Qatar}}:100,000+ * {{Flag|Kuwait}}: 20,000+ * {{Flag|Oman}}: 30,000+ * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}:10,000++ The very large expatriate communities also speak their own languages, the most numerous of which, according to 2019* data: are Bengali (~1,500,000), Tagalog (~900,000), Eastern Punjabi (~800,000), Urdu (~750,000), Egyptian Arabic (~650,000), Rohingya, North Levantine Arabic (both ~500,000)[489] and Malayalam.[490].<ref>https://www.internationalinvestment.net/news/4026204/250-expats-left-saudi-arabia-3q2020</ref>. <ref>https://www.expatfocus.com/general/these-five-countries-have-the-highest-percentage-of-expats-find-out-why-2514</ref>. Non-{{flag|Arab League}} States: Countries migrant workers come mainly from: '''[[ Midowga Yurub]]''', '''[[Great Britain]]''', ''[[Bangladesh]]'', '''[[Bakistaan]]''', ''[[Indonesia]]'', ''[[Philippines]]'', and many others at 12.49+ millions.!!` <ref>https://www.arabnews.com/saudi-arabia/news/875131</ref>. Duurjoogta waxaa ka mid ah Leopard Carbeed, Jahannamo, Dhallinyaro, Dhoobleey, Koontooyin, Gaadhi, bisad ciid, iyo jerboa. Xayawaanka sida xayawaanka, oryx, leopards iyo cheetahs waxay ahaayeen kuwo badan illaa qarnigii 19aad, markii xayawaan ballaadhan ay hoos u dhigtay xayawaankan. Shimbiraha waxaa ka mid ah falcons (oo la qabto oo loo tababaray sidii loo ugaadhsiin lahaa), gorgortanka, maqaarka, waraaqaha, qashinka, iyo bulubyada. Waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo abeesooyin ah, kuwaas oo intooda badani yihiin kuwo qarxa. Sucuudi Carabiya waxay ku nooshahay nolol aad u qoto dheer. Deegaanka Badu-yo gaar ahaan waa nidaam hodan ah oo kala duwan. In ka badan 1200 nooc oo kalluun ayaa laga diiwaangeliyey Badda Cas, 10% oo ka mid ah kuwaan ayaa laga helaa meel kale.[https://www.saudi-expatriates.com/2015/05/foreign-workers-population-in-ksa.html] .[<Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/3/17/mbs-mbz-a-special-bond-between-two-gulf-princes</Ref>]. [https://www.globalmediainsight.com/blog/saudi-arabia-population-statistics] [https://www.expatica.com/sa/moving/about/an-introduction-to-saudi-arabia-71251/#:~:text=Saudi%20Arabia%20is%20the%20Middle,population%20(around%2033%20million)] ==Eqtisaadka iyo Dhaqaale == Sacuudigu waa dowlada waa ugu weyn Dawladaha [[Carabta]] & [[Islaamka]] iyo kan siddeed iyo tobnaad ee ugu weyn [[aduunka]]. Xubin joogta ah iyo aasaasaha '''[[OPEC]]'''. [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] sidoo kale waa qayb ka mid ah golaha '''[[Kooxda Labaatanka]]''' oo ah mid ka mid ah dhaqaalaha ugu weyn [[aduunka]]. Dhaqaaluhu wuxuu si weyn ugu tiirsan yahay ilaalinta iyo adeegyada ay taageeraan dawladda qaranka iyo qoyska boqortooyada.` Iyada oo lagu qiyaasay qiimihiisu yahay US$ ''33.00'' trillion, [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] waxa uu leeyahay kaydka khayraadka dabiiciga ah ee labaad ee ugu qiimaha badan. Inta badan kaydka Sucuudigu waxa uu ku jiraa qaab batroolka iyo gaasta dabiiciga ah. Dalku wuxuu leeyahay kaydka kaydka batroolka ee la xaqiijiyay ee labaad, iyo kaydka gaaska dabiiciga ah ee shanaad ee ugu wayn. Sacuudiga ayaa hadda ah dalka ugu badan ee dhoofiya batroolka [[aduunka]].!! '''[[Saudi aramco]]''', ama '''Saudi Arabian Oil Company''', waa shirkadda ugu weyn adduunka marka la eego suuq-geynta suuqa oo dhan US$ '''9.8''' trillion, in kasta oo saamiyadeeda ganacsigu ay ku fadhiyaan US$ ''2.36'' Trillion, wax yar ka horreeya '''[[Abbal]] Inc'''. Shirkaddu waa shirkadda ugu weyn ee isku dhafka ah ee saliidda iyo gaaska. Waxay xarunteedu tahay Dhahran, [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] waxayna ka shaqeysaa adduunka oo dhan, iyadoo shaqaaleysiisay in ka badan 70,000 oo qof. Shirkadda ayaa si guud u shaacbaxday Diseembar 2019 markii ay iibisay US$ '''1.98''' tiriliyan oo saami ah, taasoo ah bixinta ugu weyn ee bilawga ah ee dadweynaha taariikhda.<ReF>https://www.fxcm.com/markets/insights/10-largest-companies-in-world-market-cap/</Ref>.!! [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] waxa uu kamid yahay wadanka ugu soo saaritaanka badan shiidaalka ceyriinka ah iyo saliida sisaa darteed sacuudiga waa in uu '''[[Midowga Yurub]]''' da iyo '''[[Midowga Afrika]]''' da la saaxiibto.<Ref>https://incorporated.zone/largest-companies-by-market-cap-in-the-world/</Ref>.!! ==Sido kale Fiiri== * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}.:: * [[Somaliland]]:.. * {{Flag|Somalia}}:.. {{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}} d7hk64uzbu0m2a3zzuobxbqon9la5tn 275564 275563 2025-06-10T12:57:17Z 161.12.45.16 275564 wikitext text/x-wiki {{short description|Country in Western Asia}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya | common_name = | native_name = | image_flag = Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg | image_coat = | symbol_type = Emblem | national_motto = {{nowrap|لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا ٱلله، مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُوْلُ ٱلله}}<Br/>"{{transl|ar|Lā ʾilāha ʾillā Llāh, Muḥammadur rasūlu Llāh}}"<br />"Waxaan qira'yaa in uusan jirin ilaah, [[Ilaahay|Alle]] mooyee, waxana qirayaa in uu [[Nebi Maxamed c.s|Muxamed]] yahay rasuulkii Alle. (''[[Shahaadah]]'') | national_anthem = {{lang|ar|ٱلنَّشِيْد ٱلْوَطَنِي ٱلسُّعُوْدِي}}<Br/>"[[Aash Al Maleek|{{transl|ar|an-Našīd al-Waṭanīy as-Suʿūdī}}]]" <Br/> "Aash Al Maleek"<Br/><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">[[File:Saudi Arabian national anthem, performed by the United States Navy Band.oga|center]]</div> | image_map = Saudi Arabia (orthographic projection).svg | capital = [[Madina]]: | coordinates = {{Coord|24|39|N|46|46|E|type:city_region:SA}} | largest_city = [[Madiina Al-munawara]] | official_languages = [[Modern Standard Arabic|Arabic]]<ref name="">CIA World Factbook</ref>{{cite web |title=Basic Law of Governance |url=https://www.moe.gov.sa/en/TheMinistry/AboutKSA/Pages/System-of-Governance.aspx |website=Ministry of Education |publisher=Ministry of Education – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia |access-date=1 September 2020 |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |archive-date=5 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205091610/https://www.moe.gov.sa/en/TheMinistry/AboutKSA/Pages/System-of-Governance.aspx |dead-url=yes }}<!-- Do not edit without talkpage consensus. --> | regional_languages = | religion = {{unbulleted list |93.0% [[Islam in Saudi Arabia|Islam]] ([[State religion|official]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Saudi Arabia - The World Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia/ |website=CIA |publisher=CIA |access-date=30 May 2021}}</ref> *:85–90% [[Sunni Islam in Saudi Arabia|Sunni]] *:10–15% [[Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia|Shia]] |4.4% [[Christianity in Saudi Arabia|Christianity]] |1.1% [[Hinduism in Saudi Arabia|Hinduism]] |0.3% [[Buddhism in Saudi Arabia|Buddhism]] |0.2% [[Irreligion in Saudi Arabia|Unaffiliated]] }} | demonym = {{unbulleted list |[[Saudis|Saudi]]|Saudi Arabian}} | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Islamic state|Islamic]] [[absolute monarchy]] | leader_title1 = [[King of Saudi Arabia|King]] | leader_name1 = [[Salman bin 'Abd al-'Aziz Al Sa'ud]]: | leader_title2 = [[Prince of Saudi Arabia|Prince of Saudi Arabia]] | leader_name2 = [[Prince Mohammed bin Salman]] | legislature = none{{efn|There is a [[Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia|Consultative Assembly]], or Shura Council, which has no legislative power.<Ref>{{cite book|first1=Robert W.|last1=Hefner|title=Remaking Muslim Politics: Pluralism, Contestation, Democratization|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MmmVMCBej8oC&q=Saudi%2520%2522consultative%2520assembly%2522%2520no%2520legislative%2520power&pg=PA202|publisher=Princeton University Press|date=2009|isbn=978-1-4008-2639-1|page=202}}</ref> As its role is only consultative it is not considered to be a legislature.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2021-06-06|title=Analysts: Saudi Arabia Nervous About Domestic Discontent |publisher= VoA News - English|url=https://www.voanews.com/middle-east/analysts-saudi-arabia-nervous-about-domestic-discontent|website=www.voanews.com}}</Ref> }} | sovereignty_type = [[History of Saudi Arabia|Establishment]] | established_event1 = [[Emirate of Diriyah|First Saudi State]] | established_date1 = 1744 | established_event2 = [[Emirate of Nejd|Second Saudi State]] | established_date2 = 1824 | established_event3 = [[Emirate of Riyadh]] | established_date3 = 13 January 1902 | established_event4 = [[Unification of Saudi Arabia|Unification]] | established_date4 = 23 September 1932 | established_event5 = [[United Nations Charter|Admitted]][[United Nations Conference on International Organization|to the]] [[United Nations]] | established_date5 = 24 October 1945 | established_event6 = [[Basic Law of Saudi Arabia|Current constitution]] | established_date6 = 31 January 1992 | area_km2 = 2,149,690<Ref>name="CIA World Factbook"</Ref> | area_rank = 12th | area_sq_mi = 830,000 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> | percent_water = 0.7 | population_estimate = 34,218,169<Ref>name=population>{{cite web|title=The total population – General Authority for Statistics|url=https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/indicators/1|website=stats.gov.sa|access-date=31 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403082640/https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/indicators/1|archive-date=3 April 2019|url-status=dead}}</Ref> | population_census = | population_estimate_year = 2019 | population_estimate_rank = 40th | population_census_year = | population_density_km2 = 15 | population_density_sq_mi = 38.8 <!-- Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]] --> | population_density_rank = 174th | GDP_PPP = $1.924 trillion <Ref>name=imf2>{{cite web |url= https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2017&ey=2024&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=86&pr1.y=9&c=456&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=Saudi Arabia |publisher=International Monetary Fund}}</Ref> | GDP_PPP_year = 2022 | GDP_PPP_rank = 14th | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $56,817<ref>name=imf2 </ref> | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 12th | GDP_nominal = $1180.289 Trillion Dollars | GDP_nominal_year = 2022 | GDP_nominal_rank = 18th | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $23,566. | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 35th | Gini = 45.9 <!--number only--> | Gini_year = 2013 | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/saudi-arabia/ |title=The World Factbook |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |website=CIA.gov |access-date=28 May 2019}}</ref> | Gini_rank = | HDI = 0.854 <!--number only--> | HDI_year = 2019<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year--> | HDI_change = decrease<!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI_ref = <ref> name="UNHDR">{{cite book|title=Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene|date=15 December 2020|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|isbn=978-92-1-126442-5|pages=343–346|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2020.pdf|access-date=16 December 2020}}</ref> | HDI_rank = 40th | currency = [[Sacuudi riyaal (SAR)| Sacuudi riyaal]] | currency_code = SAR | time_zone = [[Arabia Standard Time|AST]] | utc_offset = +3 | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy ([[Hijri year|AH]]) | drives_on = Right | calling_code = +966 | cctld = {{unbulleted list|.sa |السعودية.}} | today = | ethnic_groups = 69% [[Arabs|Arab]] <Br/> 31% [[Afro-Arabs|Afro-Arab]] | ethnic_groups_year = 2017 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140702033527/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2014-07-02|title=The World Factbook|date=2 July 2014}}</Ref> | religion_ref = <Ref> name=pewl>{{cite web|title=Religious Composition by Country|url=https://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf|archive-date=23 March 2018|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all|access-date=10 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323215031/http://assets.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf}}</Ref> | religion_year = 2013 }} [[W:Tr:Suudi Arabistan]] [[w:arc:ܣܥܘܕܝܐ]] '''Sacuudiga''' ama '''Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya''' ([[Af-Carabi]] المملكة العربية السعودية ) waa wadan muslin ah oo ku yaala qaarada Aasiya, gaar ahaan mandiqada [[Bariga Dhexe|bariga dhexe]]. waxayna xad lawadagtaa, wadamada [[Urdun]], [[Kuweyt]], , [[Baxrayn]], iyo [[Imaaraatka carabta]]. Waxaa kale oo xad lawadaagaa Gacanka faarisiga, oo kaga beegan dhinaca [[Woqooyi]] [[Bari]] iyo [[Baddacas]] oo [[Galbeed]]ah dadka sucuudiga tiradooda waxaa lagu qiyaasaa, in ka badan 31* miliyan oo qof.(2020).: [[File:Riyad_Bank_logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Saudi_Exchange_Logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Flynas_Logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Chicken_Saleeg.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] *_Boqortooyada waxaa yimaada sanadkii in la badan 2 milyan oo ruux Sacuudi Carabiya (/ ˌsɔːdi əreɪbiə / (ku saabsan dhawaaqa maqalka), / ˌsaʊ- / (ku saabsan codkan maqal); Carabi: السعودية as-Sucuudiyyah ama as-Sacuudiyyah), si rasmi ah Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya (BSC; Carabi: المملكة العربية السعودية al-Mamlakah al-Carabiyyah as-Sucuudiyyah, ku saabsan codkani (caawimaad · info)}}}, waa dal ku yaal galbeedka Aasiya oo ka kooban qaybta jasiiradda Carabta. Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa ah gobolka ugu weyn ee madaxbannaan ee Bariga Dhexe, oo ah juqraafi ahaana shanaad ee ugu weyn Asia, tan labaad ee dunida Carabta ka dib Algeria iyo 12 -aad ee adduunka ugu weyn. . Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa xuddun u ah Jordan iyo Ciraaq waqooyi, Kuwait ilaa waqooyi bari, Qadar, Bahrain iyo Imaaraadka Imaaraadka Carabta xagga bari, Oman ilaa koonfur iyo yemen xagga koonfureed. Waxaa laga soocay Israel iyo </nowiki>[[Masar]] by Gacanka Cadaba. Waa waddanka keliya ee leh xeebta Badda Cas iyo xeebta Gacanka, oo badi dhulkeeda waxay ka kooban tahay lamadegaan, dhul hoose iyo buuro. Sacuudi Carabiya waa dhaqaalaha ugu weyn ee Bariga Dhexe ilaa Oktoobar 2018 iyo 18aad ee adduunka ugu weyn. Xuduuda hadda ka jirta Sacuudi Carabiya waxay ahayd goobo dhaqameedyo iyo dhaqamo qadiimi ah. Taariikhda Sacuudi Carabiya waxay muujineysaa qaar ka mid ah raadintii hore ee hawlaha bani-aadamka adduunka. Diinta labaad ee adduunka ugu weyn, Islaam, ayaa ka soo baxay maalinta casriga ah ee Sacuudi Carabiya. Horraantii 7aad, Nabiga Islaamka wuxuu midoobey dadweynaha Carabta isla markaana abuuray nidaam diimeed oo Islaami ah. Kadib markii uu geeriyooday 632, taageerayaashiisa si degdeg ah ayey u balaariyeen dhulka xukunka Muslimka ee ka baxsan Carabta, oo ka adkaaday dhulalka waaweyn ee dhulalka ah (laga bilaabo Iberian Peninsula ee galbeedka ilaa maalinta casriga ah ee Pakistan ee Bariga). Carabta oo ka soo jeeda waqooyiga Suudaan taariikhda casriga ah waxay aasaaseen Rashiidun (632-661), Umayyad (661-750), Abbasid (750-1517) iyo Fatimid (909-1171) Khaliifad iyo sidoo kale dhulal badan oo kale oo Asia ah, Afrika iyo Europe. Deegaanka Sacuudi Carabiya wuxuu hore u ahaan jirey afar gobol oo kala duwan: Hejaz, Najd iyo qaybo ka mid ah Bariga Carabta (Al-Ahsa) iyo Koonfurta Carabta ('Asir') Boqortooyada Sacuudi Carabiya waxaa aasaasay sannadkii 1932 by Ibn Saud. Waxa uu ku biiray afartan gobol hal waddan iyada oo loo marayo qabsashooyin taxane ah oo laga bilaabo 1902 la qabsaday Riyadh, oo ah aabaha gurigiisa oo ka tirsan qoyskiisa, House of Saud. Sacuudi Carabiya ayaa tan iyo markii uu ahaa boqortooyo baddan, si wax-ku-ool ah oo kali-talisnimo ah loo maamulay khadadka islaamka. Dhaqdhaqaaqa diiniga ah ee Wahhabi ee kuyaal Sunniga Islaamka waxaa loo yaqaan "muhiimada ugu muhiimsan ee dhaqanka Sacuudiga" == Taariikh == Sacuudiga waxee ka mid tahay wadamada Adoonta lahaan jirtay, wadanka sacuudiga waxaa la sameeyay sanadka marka oo ahaa 1902, ninka sameeyay waxa uu ahaa [[Cabdul Casiis al Sacuudi|Ibn Sacuudi]], waxaana boqortooyada Sacuudiga noqday sanadka marka oo ahaa 1932, cabdul casiis wuxuu dhalay caruur ka badan 50 ruux. Waxaana markii ugu horeesay dhaxlay boqortooyada Wiilkiisa sanadka marka uu ahaa. 1964 kii. Magaciisana waxaa la dhihi jiray (Faysal bin Cabdul Casiis Al sacuudi) wuxuuna bilaabay in uu keeno adoomo. wuxuuna sacuudiga ka abuuray goobo waxbarasho.Sida iskuulo iyo meelaha kale ee cilmiga diiniga lagu barto iyo goobo caafimaad.Sida isbitaalada. Siyaasiyiinta wadanka sacuudiga ma eesan jeclaan jirin siyaasada wadamada reer galbeedka Sida wadanka Boqortootada ingiriiska (English) iyo wadanka kale ee maraykanka (america). Markii uu bilaawday Dagaalkii Gacanka oo u dhaxeeyay [[Qaramada Midoobay]] (QM) iyo wadanka Ciraaq sanadka marka uu ahaay 1991, sacuudiga waxee militari soo dhoobtay xuduudkeeda, isla markaas sacuudiga waxaa lagu soo weeraray sawaariiq waxeena ku dhaceen magaalada (Riyaad) ee caasimada wadanka sacuudiga Waqtigaas kadib sacuudiga waxuu saaxiib fiican la noqday wadanka mareykanka(america) Boqorkii sacuudi carabiya ee 《Fahad bin Cabdul Casiis Al Sacuudi》 waxuu ahaan jiray boqor iyo raiisul wasaare oo loo doortay sanadka marka uu ahaa 1982 kii waxuuna dhintay sabadka marka uu ahaa 2005 tii Kadibna waxaa bedelay [[Cabdullahi bin Cabdul Casiis Al Sacuudi]]. Sacuudi Carabiya waxay ku dhawaad ​​80% Jasiiradda Carabta (Xuduudaha ugu weyn adduunka), oo u dhaxeeya waddooyinka u dhaxeeya 16 ° iyo 33 ° N, iyo dhererka 34 ° iyo 56 ° E. Sababta oo ah xuduudaha koonfureed ee waddanka Imaaraadka Carabta iyo Oman ma aha mid si sax ah loo calaamadeeyay, cabbirka saxda ah ee waddanka lama yaqaan. [292] Caqabada CIA ee dunidu waxay ku qiyaastay 2,149,690 km2 (830,000 sq mi) iyo liisaska Sacuudi Carabiya oo ah gobolka 13aad ee ugu wayn dunida. Waa juquraafi ahaan waddanka ugu weyn ee Qaadka Carbeed. ==UN Tiroka== '''682''' Juqraafiyada Sucuudigu waxay ku badan tahay xeebta Carbeed, oo la xidhiidha semi-lama-degaanka iyo geed-geedka (eeg muuqaalka dayax-gacmeedka) iyo dhowr buurood iyo goobo dhaadheer. Xaqiiqdii, waxaa jira tiro ka mid ah loola xiriiriyey oo ay ku jiraan 647,500 km2 (250,001 sq m) Rub 'al khali ("Quarter Boos") oo ku yaalla qaybta koonfur bari ee dalka, xeebta aduunka ee ugu weyn ee cagaaran. Waxaa jira harooyin yar oo dalka ka mid ah laakiin aan lahayn wabiyada joogtada ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee wadada ayaa aad u badan. Meelaha bacrin ah waa in laga helaa kaydka alaabooyinka dhulka, basaska, iyo oases. Muuqaalka ugu muhiimsan ee ugu muhiimsan waa bareegga dhexe ee ka soo baxa Badda Cas oo si tartiib ah ugu soo degaya Caddaanka iyo Gacanka Ciraaq. Xeebta Badda Cas, waxaa jira cirif dhuxul ah, oo loo yaqaan Tihamah barbar socda taas oo ku socota dabagal balaadhan. Gobolka Koonfur galbeed ee Asir waa buuro, waxaana ku jira 3,133 m (10,279 ft) Buur Sawda, oo ah meesha ugu sarraysa dalka. Marka laga reebo gobolka koofur galbeed ee Asir, Sacuudi Carabiya waxay leedahay cimilo cilad ah oo leh heerkul aad u sarreeya iyo heerkulka khafiifka ah ee habeenkii. Heerkulka xagaaga ee celceliska heerkulkiisu waa 45 ° C (113 ° F), laakiin wuxuu noqon karaa mid u sareeya 54 ° C (129 ° F). Xilliga jiilaalka heerkulku wuxuu yareeyaa 0 ° C (32 ° F). Guga iyo dayrta kuleylku waa diirimaad, heerkulka celcelis ahaan qiyaastii 29 ° C (84 ° F). Roobka sannadlaha ah ayaa aad u hooseeya. Goobta Asir waxay ku kala duwantahay in ay saameyn ku yeelato maraakiibta Hindiya, inta badan waxay dhacaan inta u dhexeysa bilaha Oktoobar ilaa Maarso. Celcelis ahaan 300 mm (12 in) oo ah roobabku waxay dhacaan muddadan, taas oo qiyaastii 60% roobabkii sanadlaha ahaa.!!` ==Boqolkiiba IMF== 2.1% <ref>http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2009-09/16/content_8696547.htm</ref>. =Xubin= *[[IMF]] *[[Bankiga Aduunka]] *[[Jaamacada Carabta]] *[[Qaramada Midoobay]] *[[Kooxda Labaatanka]] ==Waddanmaha La Deggan Saudi Arabia== * {{Flag|Bahrain}}: 50,000+ * {{Flag|Qatar}}:100,000+ * {{Flag|Kuwait}}: 20,000+ * {{Flag|Oman}}: 30,000+ * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}:10,000++ The very large expatriate communities also speak their own languages, the most numerous of which, according to 2019* data: are Bengali (~1,500,000), Tagalog (~900,000), Eastern Punjabi (~800,000), Urdu (~750,000), Egyptian Arabic (~650,000), Rohingya, North Levantine Arabic (both ~500,000)[489] and Malayalam.[490].<ref>https://www.internationalinvestment.net/news/4026204/250-expats-left-saudi-arabia-3q2020</ref>. <ref>https://www.expatfocus.com/general/these-five-countries-have-the-highest-percentage-of-expats-find-out-why-2514</ref>. Non-{{flag|Arab League}} States: Countries migrant workers come mainly from: '''[[ Midowga Yurub]]''', '''[[Great Britain]]''', ''[[Bangladesh]]'', '''[[Bakistaan]]''', ''[[Indonesia]]'', ''[[Philippines]]'', and many others at 12.49+ millions.!!` <ref>https://www.arabnews.com/saudi-arabia/news/875131</ref>. Duurjoogta waxaa ka mid ah Leopard Carbeed, Jahannamo, Dhallinyaro, Dhoobleey, Koontooyin, Gaadhi, bisad ciid, iyo jerboa. Xayawaanka sida xayawaanka, oryx, leopards iyo cheetahs waxay ahaayeen kuwo badan illaa qarnigii 19aad, markii xayawaan ballaadhan ay hoos u dhigtay xayawaankan. Shimbiraha waxaa ka mid ah falcons (oo la qabto oo loo tababaray sidii loo ugaadhsiin lahaa), gorgortanka, maqaarka, waraaqaha, qashinka, iyo bulubyada. Waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo abeesooyin ah, kuwaas oo intooda badani yihiin kuwo qarxa. Sucuudi Carabiya waxay ku nooshahay nolol aad u qoto dheer. Deegaanka Badu-yo gaar ahaan waa nidaam hodan ah oo kala duwan. In ka badan 1200 nooc oo kalluun ayaa laga diiwaangeliyey Badda Cas, 10% oo ka mid ah kuwaan ayaa laga helaa meel kale.[https://www.saudi-expatriates.com/2015/05/foreign-workers-population-in-ksa.html] .[<Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/3/17/mbs-mbz-a-special-bond-between-two-gulf-princes</Ref>]. [https://www.globalmediainsight.com/blog/saudi-arabia-population-statistics] [https://www.expatica.com/sa/moving/about/an-introduction-to-saudi-arabia-71251/#:~:text=Saudi%20Arabia%20is%20the%20Middle,population%20(around%2033%20million)] ==Eqtisaadka iyo Dhaqaale == Sacuudigu waa dowlada waa ugu weyn Dawladaha [[Carabta]] & [[Islaamka]] iyo kan siddeed iyo tobnaad ee ugu weyn [[aduunka]]. Xubin joogta ah iyo aasaasaha '''[[OPEC]]'''. [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] sidoo kale waa qayb ka mid ah golaha '''[[Kooxda Labaatanka]]''' oo ah mid ka mid ah dhaqaalaha ugu weyn [[aduunka]]. Dhaqaaluhu wuxuu si weyn ugu tiirsan yahay ilaalinta iyo adeegyada ay taageeraan dawladda qaranka iyo qoyska boqortooyada.` Iyada oo lagu qiyaasay qiimihiisu yahay US$ ''33.00'' trillion, [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] waxa uu leeyahay kaydka khayraadka dabiiciga ah ee labaad ee ugu qiimaha badan. Inta badan kaydka Sucuudigu waxa uu ku jiraa qaab batroolka iyo gaasta dabiiciga ah. Dalku wuxuu leeyahay kaydka kaydka batroolka ee la xaqiijiyay ee labaad, iyo kaydka gaaska dabiiciga ah ee shanaad ee ugu wayn. Sacuudiga ayaa hadda ah dalka ugu badan ee dhoofiya batroolka [[aduunka]].!! '''[[Saudi aramco]]''', ama '''Saudi Arabian Oil Company''', waa shirkadda ugu weyn adduunka marka la eego suuq-geynta suuqa oo dhan US$ '''9.8''' trillion, in kasta oo saamiyadeeda ganacsigu ay ku fadhiyaan US$ ''2.36'' Trillion, wax yar ka horreeya '''[[Abbal]] Inc'''. Shirkaddu waa shirkadda ugu weyn ee isku dhafka ah ee saliidda iyo gaaska. Waxay xarunteedu tahay Dhahran, [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] waxayna ka shaqeysaa adduunka oo dhan, iyadoo shaqaaleysiisay in ka badan 70,000 oo qof. Shirkadda ayaa si guud u shaacbaxday Diseembar 2019 markii ay iibisay US$ '''1.98''' tiriliyan oo saami ah, taasoo ah bixinta ugu weyn ee bilawga ah ee dadweynaha taariikhda.<ReF>https://www.fxcm.com/markets/insights/10-largest-companies-in-world-market-cap/</Ref>.!! [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] waxa uu kamid yahay wadanka ugu soo saaritaanka badan shiidaalka ceyriinka ah iyo saliida sisaa darteed sacuudiga waa in uu '''[[Midowga Yurub]]''' da iyo '''[[Midowga Afrika]]''' da la saaxiibto.<Ref>https://incorporated.zone/largest-companies-by-market-cap-in-the-world/</Ref>.!! ==Sido kale Fiiri== * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}.:: * [[Somaliland]]:.. * {{Flag|Somalia}}:.. {{Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka}} e12uydcutgxj46prcheuhpqal33kmse 0 4827 275588 275532 2025-06-11T05:59:48Z Mwasoge 29030 /* Waddamada “Jaamacadda Dowladdaha Carabta.” */ 275588 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Dalalka |native_name = Jaamcada(Wddmd)Carabta<Br/>'':.جامعة الدول العربية'' |conventional_long_name = Arabic Language States’</>.: |common_name = Arabic Language States:. Midowga Ummadda Carabta: |qaaradda = [[Afrika]],[[Aasiya]] &[[]] |sawir_calan = Flag of the League of Arab States.svg |sawir_qaran = Emblem of the Arab League.svg |image_map = |astaan_calan = Arab League States'" (orthographic projection).svg |image_map = League of Arab States.png File:Map of League of Arab States countries.png |caasimadda = [[Qaahiro]]: [[Baqdaad]]: &[[Dooxa]]:.:!!`?'!!’ |luuqadaha = [[Carabi|Af-Carabi]].:([[Af-Kurdish]]).:[[Af-Ingiriis]]; &[[Turki]]; & [[Af-Urdu]]; & [[Af-Faarisi]].::• |- |caasimada = [[Qaahiro]]:; [[Madiina]]: [[Baqdaad]]: & [[Dooxa]].:•!! |- |GDP_PPP= $35.177’ Trillions’ (€29,357’ trillions) * ([[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|4th]]) |GDP_PPP_year = (2025* Est.) |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $29,947.00’ |GDP_nominal = "$23.957"-$19.453’ Trillions’ |GDP_nominal_year = 2025 |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $24,459.00.!!’ |Gini_year = |Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> |Gini = <!--number only--> |Gini_ref = |Dawladda = [[Dalalka jaamcada carabta]] |- |darajo_hogaamiye1 = [[Madaxweynaha]]:([[Sacuudi Carabiya]]):[[Salman bin 'Abd al-'Aziz Al Sa'ud]] |magac_hogaamiye1 = |- |darajo_hogaamiye2 = [[Xoghayaha Guud]]:[[Masar]]: [[Imaaraadka Carabta]]: |magac_hogaamiye2 = DR.(MR.).: Ahmed Aboul Gheit _* |MR. Syd. Gamal Abdel Nasser_* |MR. Syd. M. Husny MUBARAK _* |- |darajo_hogaamiye3 = [[Gudoomiye]]: [[Ciraaq]]:-) |magac_hogaamiye3 = (fm)MR. SADDAM HUSSAIN*.(A.M.A.)Al-Tikriti._* MR.Zine El Abidine “Ben ALI3”._* |- |darajo_hogaamiye4 = [[Guddoomiye Kuxigeen]]: [[Aljeeriya]]:-) [[Marooko]]:-) |magac_hogaamiye4 = MR.Prof. Abdelaziz B.TEFLIKHA_* MR.Syd. AlI3 A. SALEH (Al’A’Fmly.!)_* |- |sovereignty_type = '''Ka xoroobey''': |sovereignty_note = |[[Boqortooyada Ingiriiska]]''': '''[[Dawlada Cosmaniya]]''' & '''[[Faransiiska]]''': .:`~` |- |established_event1 = |established_date1 = |area = 13,953,041`* |areami² = 5,382,910`* |biyo = |population_estimate =455-425*Million<sup>3</sup> |population_estimate_year = 2022-2025* |lacagta = |Magaca internetka = &nbsp; |wakhti = [[(UTC+0 to +4)]] |furaha_debedda = |furaha internetka = Ir,Is,& tr.!!'? |furaha telefonka = + }} <ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/geography/arab-countries.html</Ref>.: '''Jaamacada Carabta''' ama '''Dowladda Jaamacadda Carabta''' waa urur kulmiya wadamada carabta.Waa urur kulmiya wadamo kuyaala [[Afrika]] iyo [[Aasiya]] xubnaha kujira waxaa looyaqaana dawldo caraba.waa dawlado wadaaga arimo dhaqaale iyo arimo siyaasadeed. waxaana ka dhexeeya xidhiidho aad iyo aad ubadan Wadamada xubnaha ka ah Jaamacadda Carabta waxay daboolayaan in ka badan 13,000,000 km2 (5,000,000 sq m) iyo waliba laba qaaradood oo kala duwan: Afrika iyo Aasiya. Goobtaasi waxay ka kooban tahay lamadegalka duurka, sida Sahara. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa sidoo kale ku jira dhulal badan oo aad u sarreeya sida Dooxada Nile, Dooxada Jubba iyo Dooxada Shebelle ee [[Geeska Afrika]], Buuraleyda Atlas ee Maghreb, iyo Bariiska Fertile ee sii fidiya Mesopotamia iyo Levant. Aagga ayaa ka kooban kaymo qoto dheer oo ku yaal koonfurta Carabta iyo qaybo ka mid ah webiga ugu dheer dunida, Niilka. Qowmiyad-kala-duwan, diini ah, iyo luuqado badan. Diin-badan, Luuqado badan, & Qowmiyado kala duwan.Luuqadaha badan, Qowmiyadaha kala duwan, & Diimaha badan; oo macneheedu yahay Dhaqamada kala duwan ee wayn. Jaartarka Jaamacadda Carabta, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano Heshiiska Jaamacadda Carabta, ayaa ah heshiiskii aasaasay ee Jaamacadda Carabta. 1945-kii la aqbalay, waxa uu dhigayaa in "Ururka Jaamacadda Carabtu uu ka kooban yahay Dawladaha Carbeed ee madaxbannaan oo saxiixay Heshiiskan.". Markii hore, 1945, waxaa jiray lix xubnood oo keliya. Maanta, Jaamacadda Carabta waxay leedahay 22 xubnood, oo ay ka mid yihiin saddex dal oo Afrikaan ah oo ka kala yimi qaybaha ugu waaweyn (Sudan, Algeria iyo Liibiya) iyo waddanka ugu weyn ee Bariga Dhexe (Sacuudi Carabiya). Shan waddan waxay leeyihiin xaalad kormeeree oo xaq u siinaya inay muujiyaan ra'yigooda oo ay bixiyaan talo laakiin waxay diidaan xuquuqda codbixinta. [[Jaamacadda Carab]] tu waxay u qaybsantaa shan qaybood marka ay timaado gaadiidka, jasiiradda Carabta iyo Bariga dhow ayaa si buuxda ugu xiran hawada, badda, waddooyinka iyo tareenada. Qeyb kale oo ka mid ah League waa dooxada Niil, oo ka kooban Masar iyo Suudaan. Labadan dawladood waxay bilaabeen inay hagaajiyaan nidaamka Nile Nile ee habka safarka si loo wanaajiyo helitaanka iyo sida ganacsi loo korsado. Nidaamka tareenada cusub ayaa sidoo kale lagu wadaa inuu ku xiro magaalada koonfurta Masar ee Abu Simbel iyo waqooyiga Suudaan ee Wadi Halfa iyo ka dibna Khartoum iyo Port Sudan. Qaybta saddexaad ee horyaalka waa Maghreb, halkaas oo 3,000 km oo gawaarida gawaarida ah ay ka socdaan magaalooyinka koonfurta ee Morocco ilaa Tripoli oo ku yaala galbeedka Libya. Qaybta afaraad ee horyaalka waa Geeska Afrika, oo wadamada xubnaha ka ah ay ka mid yihiin Jabuuti iyo Soomaaliya. Labadan dawladood ee Carabta ayaa kala qaybiyay kaliya toban mayl u jirta jasiiradda Carabta ee Bab el Mandeb, taasina si dhakhso ah ayay isu bedeshaa, sida Tarik bin Laden, oo ah walaalkii Osama bin Laden, oo bilaabay dhisidda mashruuc ballaadhan ee mashruuca Horn Horns , kaas oo ugu dambeyntii ujeedkiisu yahay inuu ku xiro Geeska Afrika oo leh Jasiiradda Carabta adoo adeegsanaya buundo weyn. Mashruucan waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu fududeeyo oo la dedejiyo ganacsiga iyo ganacsiga qarniyadii hore ee u dhexeeyay labada gobol. Qaybta ugu dambeysa ee horyaalka waa jasiiradda go'doomin ee Comoros, taas oo aan ku xirnayn dawlad kale oo Carbeed ah, laakiin wali waxay la shaqaysaa xubnaha kale ee Arabic Languages. Jaamacadda Carabtu waxay hodan ku tahay khayraadka, sida saliid weyn iyo kheyraadka dabiiciga ah ee dalalka xubnaha ka ah. Warshad kale oo si joogta ah u sii kordhaysa ee Jaamacadda Carabtu waa isgaarsiin. Muddo ka yar 10 sano, shirkadaha maxaliga ah sida Orascom iyo Etisalat waxay ku guuleysteen inay tartan caalami ah sameeyaan. Horumarka dhaqaale ee ay bilowday Ururka Iskaashatada Wadamada xubnaha ka ah ayaa ka qosol badan kuwii ka soo baxay ururada yar yar ee Carabta sida Golaha Iskaashiga Khaliijka (GCC). Waxaa ka mid ah Pipeline Arab Pipeline, kaas oo gaas Masar iyo Ciraaq geyn doona [[Jordan]], [[Syria]], Lubnaan, iyo Palestine; Laga soo bilaabo 2013.:• isbeddel muuqda oo ka dhexeeya xaaladaha dhaqaale ayaa ka dhexeeya dalalka saliida ee saliida ee [[Algeria]], [[Qatar]], [[Kuwait]] iyo [[United Arab Emirates]], iyo dalalka soo koraya sida [[Comoros]], [[Jabuuti]], [[Mauritania]], [[Somaliland]] iyo [[Eratareya]] dda.!! Ururka Jaamacadda Carabtu waa urur siyaasadeed oo isku daya in uu gacan ka geysto sidii loo xoojin lahaa xubnaheeda dhaqaale ahaan, iyo xallinta khilaafaadka ku lug leh dalalka xubnaha ka ah adoon weydiisan kaalmo shisheeye. Waxay leedahay lahjado xubin baarlamaan ah oo wakiil ka ah arrimaha arrimaha dibedda sida badan waxaa lagu maareyn doonaa kormeerka QM.!!'? Jaangooyada Jaamacadda Carabta [5] waxay taageertay mabda'a dhulkii Carabta iyada oo la ixtiraamayo xushmadnimada dawladaha xubnaha ka ah. Xeerarka gudaha ee Golaha Jaamacadda [20] iyo guddiyada [21] waxay ku heshiiyeen Oktoobar 1951. Xoghaynta Guud waxaa lagu heshiiyay May 1953. Tan iyo markaas, maamulka Jaamacadda Carabtu waxay ku saleysnaayeen labadii hay'adood ee heer qaran iyo madax-bannaanida wadamada xubnaha ka ah. Ilaalinta dawladnimada shakhsi ahaaneed waxay ka heshay awoodeeda ka soo jeeda dabiiciga dabiiciga ah ee awooda xukunka ah si ay u ilaaliyaan awooddooda iyo madax-bannaanida go'aaminta. Intaa waxaa dheer, cabsida hodanka ah ee saboolka ah ee saboolka ah inuu la wadaagi karo hantidiisa magaca Ummadda Carabta, khilaafyada ka dhexeeya madaxda Carabta, iyo saamaynta awoodaha dibadda ee laga yaabo inay ka soo horjeedaan midnimada Carabta ayaa loo arki karaa caqabado dhinaca isdhexgalka qoto dheer ee horyaal . [[File:Camel factory Nablus December 2008.JPG|thumb|right|395px|Nablu, Palestine]] [[File:Raouda.JPG|thumb|right|View from the western side of the Hujra, [[Sacuudi Carabiya]].]] [[File:Burial of Muhammad.jpg|thumb|right|Wall of the Burial of the Prophet Muhammed (PBHM),[[Sacuudi Carabiya]].]] [[File:World Heritage Sites in the Arab World]] value: call: reading: source presentation: previous versions: Partially protected: Incomplete-document-purple.svg This entry must be completed : this entry lacks essential content. You may find details on the conversation page . You are invited to complete the missing parts and remove this message. Consider creating titles for chapters that require completion, and transfer the template to them. editing Disambiguate RTL.svg The term "Arab" redirects here. For the entry dealing with the island in the Persian Gulf, see Arab (island) . Arab Muslims Arabs & Muslims Al-Khansaa, Al-Khandi, Yohanan of Damascus, Philip the Arab, May Ziada, Asmahan, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Faisal the First Al-Khansaa , Al-Khandi , Yohanan of Damascus , Philip the Arab , May Ziada , Asmahan , Gamal Abdel Nasser , Faisal the First population 425 million Main population concentrations Arab countries some of the African countries see also: [[Israeli Arabs]] Languages: Arabic: religion: Islam: Christianity: Druze religion: related ethnic groups: Celestial peoples: [[Maltese]] , [[Jews]] , [[Samaritans]] and [[Assyrians]].!!'.!!’ Distribution of the Arabic language : A single official language.!! official shared language with the majority of Arab natives.!! Official shared language due to significant minorities, history, or cultural reasons. Arabs are a people of Semitic origin and an ethnic group from the Arabian Peninsula . After the emergence of Islam in the 7th century , the Arab population spread in the Middle East and North Africa in a series of waves of migration, conquest and cultural influence. Countries where the Arabs constitute a clear majority of the population are called " Arab countries ". Today, the name is used as a nickname for the natives of these countries, whose mother tongue is Arabic and the vast majority of them are Muslim (most of them Sunni ). The most common definitions for the name Arabs in thought and literature, in academic research and in the media, are: Politically : People who are citizens of countries that are members of the Arab League (or in a broader generalization, the Arab world), but not all Arab countries are members of the Arab League and these countries also have non-Arab citizens. This definition includes over 300-450 million people. The Arab Leagues includes several African countries, such as Djibouti , Comoros and Somalia , whose Arabic is one of their official languages ​​but whose inhabitants are not Arabs at all. And there are Arabs who are not citizens of these countries (for example, in the United States , Israel and European countries). Linguistic: people whose mother tongue is Arabic , or who at least speak Arabic in their daily and personal lives, even if they did not grow up using it. This definition includes over 200 million people who speak different dialects of the Arabic language. Ethnic - Genealogical - Racial : Humans who live, or whose ancestors lived in the Arabian Peninsula and whose genetic and physical characteristics are originally characterized mainly by the original inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula . Cultural: people who see themselves as Arabs (regardless of ethnic and genealogical origins), whose culture and way of life are Arabs and are recognized as Arabs by others. The majority of Arabs are Muslims (mostly Sunnis and a minority of Shias’ and members of other minority classes), and a minority of them are Christians , Druze and others.[1] etymology: The word "Arab" in this meaning is mentioned in the Bible several times. Thus, for example, the book of Nehemiah mentions the " Arab rain " that some scholars identify with King Kedar .[2]Also in the Book of Kings, "the kings of the evening" are mentioned[3]And it seems that this phrase refers to the rulers of the Arabian Peninsula, with whom King Solomon had trade relations.[4]The word "Arab" also appears in the Bible in the meaning of the inhabitant of the steppe . In Semitic languages, as a rule, the root A.R.B carries the meanings of: west, sunset (evening), desert (Arab), mix, trade, crow and clear. All or some of them can have a connection to the origin of the name. [ source needed ] It is also possible that the name can have consonants and the origin of the name is actually in the root A.B.R. in connection with their nomadic way of life. [ source required ] In the Qur'an the word "Arab" does not appear as a noun but only as an adjective, for example, the Qur'an refers to itself as "Arab and clear" when the two attributes are related to each other. history: This chapter is lacking. Please contribute to Wikipedia and complete it . You may find details on the conversation page . BC The soldiers of the Assyrian Empire defeat "Gindibu, King of Arabia" riding a camel and his soldiers The first mention of the Arabs in writing is from an Assyrian inscription from 853 BC ( the Necessary Monolith ), in which King Shalmenser III named " Gindibu , King of Arabia" among the rulers he defeated in the Battle of Karkar . Starting from the Assyrian period and following the domestication of the camel, Arab traders played a central role In the trade between the ancient Near East and the Horn of Africa and ancient Yemen . There is evidence of trade relations of the peoples of the ancient Near East with the kingdoms of the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula, the main commercial relation between them was regarding myrrh and frankincense which were used in the perfume industry and were common in the Arabian Peninsula. An ancient Arabic inscription was found in a building from the days of the First Temple in the City of David , which indicates that a Jewish official who knew the language and had relations with one of the Arab kingdoms of the time lived there. The Nabataeans migrated in a massive migration at the end of the Persian period from the north of the Arabian Peninsula towards the south of Jordan and the Negev , they conquered and assimilated the remains of the Moabites and the Ammonites and pushed the Adomites north to the south of Mount Hebron in the territories of Judea.:• After counting: As a general rule, the great empires of the ancient world did not conquer the Arabian Peninsula, unlike the rest of the Middle East, even the Sasanian Empire , which ruled the eastern and southern coasts of the peninsula, did not reach the interior of the country or the western coastal region where the cities of Mecca and Medina are located - apparently for lack of interest economic in this desert region that cannot sustain fertile agriculture . Before Muhammad's time , the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula were idolaters?, Christians? or Jews? (descendants of Jewish exiles from the Land of Israel and also Arabs who converted under their influence, such as the Kingdom of Hamir ).!!’ The period before Muhammad is called in Islamic literature: "The Age of Ignorance", or the "Jahiliyyah" . During this period the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula were divided into the northern tribes and the southern tribes. The tribal tradition claimed that the people of the north are the descendants of Adnan and Ishmael , while the people of the south are the descendants of a legendary figure named Qahtan . When there are those who suggest that Kakhatan is Yakattan son of the biblical past.[6]In the Arabian Peninsula , nomadic tribes ( Bedouins ) and permanent tribes lived. The permanent tribes lived in cities or deserts and engaged in agriculture or trade . Unlike them, the nomadic tribes were engaged in escorting caravans that passed through the peninsula. Later there were also Arab groups who became Christians (see: Christian Arabs). After the rise of Islam and its consolidation in the Arab kingdoms, Muhammad and his army went north towards the territories of the Byzantine Empire and the Sasanian Empire , which were in a period of depression and enjoyed a lasting peace between them. Muhammad's ambition to conquer the world known until then was blocked in the territories of the Gulf of Eilat , and although he sent a letter to the Jews of Eilat (the Byzantine "doe") in which he ordered them to accept his new religion or prepare for their death, it was precisely Muhammad who met his death three years after declaring Islam as The "religion of truth" to control the other nations. The Arab conquest of the Land of Israel brought the Arabs to the Land of Israel , but they could not defeat the Byzantine Empire and were helped by Jewish collaborators who were tired of life as an oppressed and persecuted religious and cultural minority in their country and fought alongside the Arabs against the continuation of Byzantine rule. The Arabs treated the Jews and Christians in the Land of Israel as dhimmis , while the Samaritans , whom Muhammad did not know and therefore did not mention in the Koran as monotheists , were forced to convert to Islam by the force of the sword or die, and when they refused, they almost led to their destruction. After the Arab conquest of the Middle East , Arabs who migrated from the Arabian Peninsula spread to the occupied space: The [[Levant]] , [[Egypt]] and the [[Maghreb]] Greater countries . Later in the course of history, on the one hand, the majority of the conquered peoples began to see themselves as "Arabs" as well, even if it was only a cultural issue due to the Islamization of their country and people without blood ties to the Arab conquerors, and on the other hand, the immigration of Muslim pilgrims of non-Arab origin began The lands that were conquered towards the Arabian Peninsula for religious reasons etc. were assimilated into the local Arab population. The Arab-Muslim conquest also expanded into Europe , with the conquest of Spain by the Moors .!!'?'! see also Islam: Judaism-Islam relations; Israeli Arabs: for further reading: Bernard Lewis , The Arabs in History , Tel Aviv: Dvir Publishing , 1995. Albert Hourani , History of the Arab Nations , Tel Aviv: Dvir Publishing, 1996. Pierre Vidal-Naka (ed.), From the Arab Conquest to Imperial Islam, in: The History of the World from the Dawn of Mankind to the Present , Tel Aviv: Yediot Ahronoth Publishing; 993,pp. 7-10. aurchive Forigh Ministry of Saudi Arabia. Prince Saud Al-Fasiel. House of Al Saud Family….!!’?’… <Ref>https://stepfeed.com/amp/7-facts-you-probably-don-t-know-about-the-arab-league-4490</Ref>.:• <Ref> https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-dangerous-countries-for-women>/Ref{{Dead link|date=Bisha Saddexaad 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}>.: “… Le saviez-vous ? Pour les stars du porno gay, être attirant n'a d'importance que dans le porno gay. Dans le porno hétéro, l'attention est presque toujours portée sur la star.…!!’..” <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-with-most-beautiful-women </Ref>.: <Ref>https://armedforces.eu/compare/country_Arab_League_vs_European_Union_EU</Ref>.:• December 25, 2017 Special Dispatch No. 7246 Iraqi Kurdish leader Masoud Barzani's September 25, 2017 referendum on Kurdish independence sparked vehement opposition in Arab countries, as was expressed in statements by leaders and also by many articles in the Arab press. The main argument raised was that the Kurds are a tool of Israel – which is working to divide Iraq, and after that the rest of the Arab countries. As proof of this, they cited the Kurds' good relations with Israel and the fact that Israel is the only country that supports them. Along with this opposition, the Arab press also published a few articles defending the Kurds' right to independence and criticizing those who opposed it. These articles rejected the conspiracy theory – i.e. that Israel was backing the referendum, with the aim of dismantling an Arab country – and noted that the Arabs' refusal to tackle their own domestic problems posed more of a danger than Israel did. They also said that those who oppose the Kurdish referendum in the name of Arab unity and the Palestinian problem have made other mistakes over the years – such as also supporting Nazism and Communism. This, while they themselves were doing nothing for the Palestinians, and were even causing harm to the Palestinians within their own countries' borders. Iraqi Kurds wave Israeli flag along with Kurdistan flag. Image: Aljazeera.net, October; 2017 Arab Writers: It Is Not Israel That Created The Kurdish Problem, But Rather The Arab Regimes That Denied Their Rights. Jordanian journalist Fahd Al-Khitan wrote in the daily Al-Ghad under the title "It Is Not a Conspiracy": "The Arab logic immediately came up with a Zionist conspiracy as an explanation for the Kurds' insistence on seceding from Iraq and on holding a referendum several weeks ago. Proof of this conspiracy exists in abundance, since Israel effectively supported the Kurdish demand [for independence] and has been cultivating ties with certain Kurdish elements since the days of yore. But can the historic cause of the Kurds, which exists since before the founding of Israel, be reduced to this marginal fact? "Israel exploits regional crises to promote its own interests, that much is certain, and Arab and [other] regional forces do the same. We can present many exsamples of border disputes and political conflicts between states that have been exploited by Arab and foreign countries, [such as the conflicts] between Iran and Iraq, between Bahrain and Qatar, between Egypt and Sudan, and the Sahara conflict between Morocco and Algeria. These are all real problems, and the lack of willingness to resolve and settle them gives foreign forces an opportunity to exploit them for their own interests. "Israel did not create the Kurdish problem. The problem of the Kurds in Iraq, Syria, Turkey and Iran is a flagrant national product of countries and regimes that denied the legitimate national rights of the [Kurdish] people. Like any oppressed and persecuted nation, the Kurds are trying to enlist support for their cause, regardless of any other consideration. If Israel has indeed managed to infiltrate the Kurdish [ranks], this is nothing but a demonstration of the Arabs' failure to address their legitimate cause, and proof of the fragility of the Arabs' national security, which is breached from every direction – by Israel and by other forces. So don't blame it all on the Kurds. "The perception of the Kurdish issue involves no small measure of radical nationalism, for there is a strange insistence on merging the various components [of our societies] into an exclusively Arab identity, and on denying the right of non-Arabs to express their national and cultural identity. Whoever lifts up his head and demands his rights is [immediately] accused of serving Israel. Is Israel also behind the referendum in Catalonia? Several days ago, some regions in Italy [likewise] announced their wish to hold a referendum on secession, [but] we did not hear anyone in Italy accusing Israel and Zionism of being behind this move. And what about Britain, whose people voted to leave the European Union? Can Israel, which was created thanks to a British promise [the Balfour Declaration], be behind this as well? If Israel is really motivating the Kurds and pushing them to conspire against the Arab nation, why did the U.S., Israel's number one ally in the world, oppose Israel's will and interests and reject the referendum? "Using this warped national logic, we avoid dealing with our problems in the [[Arab world]]. We have made a habit of blaming others for our failure, not only in the Kurdish issue but in all the challenges we have faced, before and since the establishment of [[Israel]]. ][[Israel]] is no doubt the greatest enemy of the nation, but the enemy within is much more dangerous. "In the collapsing countries of the east, as well as in the old democracies, a desire for secession and independence is emerging. This is a great challenge for both the Arab reasoning and the Western reasoning, and confronting it requires creative and innovative thinking."[1] Lebanese Journalist: Why Do All Those Who Fought For The Palestinians' Right Of Self Determination Deny The Same Right To The Kurds? Lebanese journalist and political analyst Hazem Saghiya wrote in his column in the London-based Saudi daily Al-Hayat: "The minute [Kurdish leader] Masoud Barzani announced the decision to hold a referendum [on Kurdish independence], condemnations began to be heard of [the Kurds'] love of Israel: 'you are allies, partners and even agents of Israel.' Some people started digging into history – or even inventing it – in an effort to prove that the situation of the two sides [the Israelis and the Kurds] is identical... [The right to establish] an independent Palestinian state is a right that no reasonable person contests. Ideally, anyone who [demands] rights of his own should support and identify with all the just causes in the world. [But] the political reality does not always [correspond] to this ideal, for in the name of national rights, independence and hostility to Jewish immigration, most Arabs showed solidarity with Hitler and Nazism, and later, in the name of the very same rights, [they also] showed solidarity with the Soviet Gulag regime... These are positions that do not respect people's rights and even undermine them. Moreover, to this day, apologizing for them has not become a prominent part of Arab culture or ideology... "Iraqis who now holler about the friendship between the Kurds and Israel did not hesitate to treat the Palestinians in the worst possible manner. This happened immediately after the 2003 war [in Iraq], and the Iraqis and Palestinians still remember it... We [also] know that, in Syria and Lebanon, the impassioned calls to advance the Palestinian cause coincide with the most despicable treatment of Palestinians. How did the war on the [Palestinian refugee] camps[2] during the 1980s help the Palestinians liberate Palestine?! "The Palestinians' own behavior has not always been characterized by the justice in whose name they constantly speak, for they expressed sympathy for Saddam Hussein's attack on Kuwait and later for Assad's suppression of the Syrian majority that rose up in demand of freedom. They took part in the civil wars in Jordan and Lebanon, and their crimes against the rights of the Lebanese and Jordanians are comparable to the crimes of the Lebanese and Jordanians against their rights... So why are only the Kurds required to remain within the framework of a perfect correspondence between politics and justice? Or perhaps what is permitted to the master is not permitted to his slave?... "As for the Kurds and Israel, the Hebrew state was the only one that welcomed the Kurdish referendum. It probably welcomed it for reasons that were less than noble, having to do entirely with its own [interests], but it did so while others all over the region were [threateningly] baring their teeth at the Kurds. In this situation, can the Kurds be expected to burn the Israeli flag? What have we Arabs done for the Kurds that we can expect them to hate Israel with a passion?... "Moreover, since the Saddam Hussein era, the Palestinian cause has been used more than any other cause [as a means] to undermine the Kurdish issue and the Kurds' right [to independence], just as Bashar Al-Assad later used the Palestinian cause [to combat] the Syrians' [attempts] to oust his regime. Obviously, such conduct leaves psychological effects and scars in its victims, especially when no Palestinian voices are heard loudly condemning and opposing this use [of their cause]. "The obvious conclusion is that, in this region, we have what can be described as a mechanism of blackmail by means of [accusations of collaboration with] Israel. The Lebanese Christians know better than anyone else how they were subjected to such blackmail during the years of Syrian patronage [over Lebanon], and even the Palestinian leadership itself was not spared [this blackmail] when it tried to take its own national decisions, independently of the will of the Assad regime..."[3] Al-Hayat Columnist: The Claims Against The Kurds Have Been Disproved Hazem Al-Amin, another Lebanese columnist for the Saudi daily Al-Hayat, wrote cynically: "The Kurds' celebrations last month [over the referendum results] included waving Israeli flags – which pan-Arab eyes saw and made part of the Kurdish aspiration for independence. [They called the Kurdish state] 'an artificial state that is analogous to Israel.' Those with wounded pan-Arab sentiment have gone too far, [arguing that] not only is the future [Kurdish] state a product of Israel, but that it is also a partner in Tel Aviv's creation of ISIS, and wishes that the 200,000 Kurdish Jews in Israel will return to it. [They say] that the future [Kurdish] state is part of the Zionist plan to dismantle the region into small entities based on ethnicity and sect... "Much can be said against the independence referendum... but it also had an upside, because it made the Arabs expend tremendous energy on writing nonsense, as they haven't done in a long time. [This] revealed that the Ba'th [party], including its branches in Iraq and Syria, is not a random, fleeting phenomenon in the pan-Arab sentiment, but is fundamental; that ISIS is its cousin and suckled the same milk; and that the Arab defeat throughout the conflict with Israel is the result of ignoring the truth. Anyone who says that the Kurds want 200,000 Kurdish Jews to return to Kurdistan from Israel fails to notice that they [the Kurds], by means of their activity that stems from delusions, will in fact restore the situation to what it used to be, and will serve Palestine by correcting the mistake of the pan-Arabism of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani[4] and his nationalist Arab cohorts,[5] which motivated them to raid the Jews in Baghdad and send them to Israel with the aid of the Jewish Agency. "While pan-Arabism is forgiven for having abandoned Palestine, the Kurds are not forgiven for waving the Israeli flag at a moment of national intoxication... After all, they are Kurds, and they have no right to anger or mistakes, just as they are not allowed to dream of a state that was taken from them over a century ago. If they make a mistake, then [Hizbullah secretary-general] Mr. [Hassan] Nasrallah will come out to remind them that he will stand against any plan by [any] religious stream that divides the nation – when he [Nasrallah himself] apparently wants to unite [the nation] under the flag of the Rule of the Jurisprudent [of the Iranian regime] that has no connection to any [Sunni] religious stream... "ISIS too, which according to the offspring [of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani and Hajj Amin Al-Husseini] sold Iraqi territories to Israel via Kurdish middlemen, found a place in the version [of reality] of the opponents of the Kurdish state. According to the latter, ISIS is not Arab and does not belong to the Ba'th, [but rather] is Kurdish and Israeli. The offspring of Rashid Al-Kilani have in their possession documents proving this, that they sent to Mr. Nasrallah; he will reveal them in his next speech... "The Shi'ite Iraqi forces – once the allies of the Kurds in Iraq, in the post-Saddam era – united in a religious alliance [with Shi'ite Iran] that has no place for the Kurds' aspirations. And lo, they remind the Kurds of the Arabism of Kirkuk [which is actually Kurdish], while forsaking the Arabism of [the Shi'ite] Al-Najaf and of Karbala, and turning [the Sunni] Mosul, after its liberation from ISIS, into an Iranian metropolis. All this does not harm the offspring of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani [i.e. the Iraqis], as long as it is done by a strong tyrant [such as Saddam]. But the weak, such as the Kurds, have no right to dream of a state."[6] <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/iq-by-country.php</Ref>.:• [1] Al-Ghad (Jordan), October 22, 2017. [2] This refers to a campaign waged by the Amal militia against the Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon during the civil war in 1985-1986. Thousands of Palestinians were killed in the battles, and the Sabra, Shatila and Burj Al-Barajna refugee camps were almost completely destroyed, although Amal never managed to take over the camps. [3] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. [4] Iraqi politician Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani (1892-1965), three-time Iraqi prime minister, led the 1941 rebellion that prompted the British to invade Iraq; in June of that year the Farhud, or pogrom, against the Jews of Baghdad took place. Al-Kilani fled to Nazi Germany, and was known for his connections to the Nazis and to Jerusalem Mufti Hajj Amin Al-Husseini. [5] A reference to the Arab nationalist movement, founded in Beirut in the 1920s. [6] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. <Ref>https://www.defensenews.com/home/2015/04/01/arab-league-sets-new-defense-force-at-40,000/{{Dead link|date=Bisha Saddexaad 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-never-colonized</Ref>.::• <Ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/history/10-countries-which-have-never-been-colonised-by-europeans.html</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://amnesty.ca/features/5-death-penalty-myths-debunked/</Ref>.::• ==Waddamada “Jaamacadda Dowladdaha Carabta.”== {| class="sortable wikitable" |- ! Tirada !! Dalka !! [[Literacy]] rate |- |01.||[[File:Flag of Qatar.svg|189px]][[Qatar]]<s> ||93.6<Ref name="p.191">[http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2010_EN_Complete_reprint.pdf p. 192]</Ref>. |- |02.||[[File:Flag of Algeria.svg|191px]][[Aljeeriya]]<s> ||89.5<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |03.||[[File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg|193px]][[Sacuudi Carabiya]]<s>||93.5<Ref name=p.193/>. |- |04.||[[File:Flag of Kuwait.svg|192px]][[Kuwayt]]<s> ||93.4<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |05.||[[File:Flag of Bahrain.svg|189px]][[Baxrayn]] ||93.4<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |06"'.||[[File:Flag of Lebanon.svg|189px]][[lubnaan]] ||89.5<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |07'".||[[File:Flag of Egypt.svg|193px]][[Masar]]<s> ||91.8<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |08".||[[File:Flag of Jordan.svg|189px]]<!'>[[Urdun]]<'!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/>. |- |09".||[[File:Flag of Iraq.svg|191px]]<!>[[Ciraaq]]<!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |10".||[[File:Flag of Oman.svg|189px]][[Cumaan]] ||93.4<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |11".||[[File:Flag of Morocco.svg|193px]]<!>[[Marooko]]<!'> ||75.4<Ref name=p.193/>. |- |12".||[[File:Flag of Tunisia.svg|189px]][[Tunisiya]]<s> ||78.98<Ref name=p.190/> |- |13".||[[File:Flag of Libya.svg|191px]]<'!>[[Libiya]]<!'> ||89.4<Ref name=p.193/>.: |- |14".=||[[File:Flag of Syria.svg|191px]][[Suuriya]]<!> ||89.95<Ref name="p.192"/>. |- |15".||[[File:Flag of Mauritania.svg|189px]]<!>[[Mauritania]]<!> ||89.5<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |16'.||[[File:Flag of Sudan.svg|189px]]<!>[[Suudaan]]<!'> ||69.39<REF name=p.190/>. |- |17'".||[[File:Flag of South Sudan.svg|189px]]<s>[[Koonfur Suudaan]]<'!> ||89.8<Ref name=p.190/> |- |18"`.||[[File:Flag of Yemen.svg|193px]]<!>[[Yemen]]<!> ||69.98<REF name=p.189/>. |- |19'."'"||[[File:Flag of Palestine.svg|189px]]<!>[[Falastiin]]<!'> ||69.3<REF name="p.189"/>. |- |20"_.||[[File:Flag of Brunei.svg|189px]]<s'>[[Barunay]]<!'> ||75.39<REF name=p.192/>. |- |21".||[[File:Flag of the Comoros.svg|189px]]<s'>[[Komoros]]<!> ||67.23<REF name=p.193/>.: |- |23_.||[[File:Flag of Seychelles.svg|189px]]<s>[[Islaam]]<s'> ||67.57<REF name=p.192/>.: |- |24".||[[File:Flag of Somaliland.svg|191px]][[Somalia]]<!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/>. |- |25".||[[File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg|191px]][[Imaaraatka Carabta]]<!>||89.5<Ref name=p.191/> |- |26".||[[File:Flag of Pakistan.svg|191px]]<S>[[Bakistaan]]<s'>||69.5<Ref name=p.194/>.: |- |27".||[[File:Flag of Malta.svg|189px]]<S>[[Malta]]<s'>||89.5<Ref name=p.192/>. |- |28".||[[File:Flag of France.svg|191px]]<S>[[Baariis]]<s'>||69.5<Ref name=p.194/>.: |- |29"_.||[[File:Flag of Maldives.svg|191px]]<s>[[Jasiirada Maldiif]]<s'> ||78.69<REF name=p.190/>. |- |30". ||[[File:Flag of Turkey.svg|192px]]<S>[[Konstantinoble]]<!'> ||89.8<Ref name=p.189/>. |} <Ref>https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/05/18/5-facts-about-arabic-speakers-in-the-us/</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://interbrand.com/best-global-brands/?filter-brand/-sector=&filter-brand-region=asia-pacific&filter-brand-country=</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php</Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/water-quality-by-country</Ref>.: [<Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries</Ref>]. <Ref>https://ar.wikihow.com/النجاة-من-زلزال-أرضي</Ref>.: <Ref>https://industryarabic.com/arabic-facts-statistics/</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://industryarabic.com/how-many-countries-speak-arabic/</Ref>.: <Ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Map_of_League_of_Arab_States_countries.png</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/alliances/arab-league.php </Ref>.: <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/arabic-speaking-countries</Ref>.: [<Ref>https://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-corruption-around-the-world/</Ref>]. <Ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |access-date=2011-06-28 |archive-date=2020-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504070831/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/dj.html |dead-url=yes }}</Ref>. [<Ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|url=https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |access-date=2022-08-26 |archive-date=2019-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502031038/https://www.numbeo.com/crime/rankings_by_country.jsp |dead-url=yes }}</ref>]. |- [<Ref>https://livingcost.org/cost</Ref>] |- <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-hated-country </Ref>.:• <Ref>{{Cite web|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/ |access-date=2023-09-19|archive-date=2023-09-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922122032/https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/average-iq-by-country/|dead-url=yes}} </Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-with-death-penalty</Ref>.:• |- <Ref>https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-highest-literacy-rates-in-the-world.html</Ref>.:•<!!'?>.:• |_ <Ref>https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/article/common-confusions-arabs-muslims/</Ref>.: |- <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/amp/news/2024/10/10/somalia-eritera-and-egypt-pledge-to-bloster-security-ties</Ref>.: |} ==Bassborka Jaamacada Carabta== <gallery mode="traditional" caption="" class="center"> File:Algerian passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Algeria}}[[Algerian passport|Algeria]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]]{{flagicon|Pakistan}}. File:Cover of Mauritanian Biometric Passport.png|{{flagicon|Algeria}}<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|Mauritania}}.` File:New_Egyptian_Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Egypt}}[[Egyptian passport|Egypt]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flagicon|Syria}}.` File:Libyan_New_Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Libya}}[[Libyan passport|LBY]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|19px]]{{flagicon|Mauritania}}.` File:BioPassMaroc.JPG|{{flagicon|Morocco}}[[Moroccan passport|MAR]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Tunisia}}. File:Passeport Tunisie 2014.jpg|{{flagicon|Tunisia}}[[Tunisian passport|Tunisia]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|TN}}. File:Cover of Iraqi Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Iraq}}[[Iraqi passport|Iraq]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.` File:The New Lebanese Biometric Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Lebanon}}[[Lebanese Passport|Lebanon]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Libya}}. File:Saudi Passport 2022.jpg|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Oman}}[[Omani passport|Oman]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flagicon|Saudi Arabia}} File:Bahraincover.png|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Qatar}}[[Bahraini passport|Bahrain]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Bahrain}}. File:Kuwait passport.png|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Kuwait}}[[Kuwaiti passport|Kuwait]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|United Arab Emirates}}. File:Qa.png|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Bahrain}}[[Qatari passport|Qatar]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Qatar}}. File:Saudi Passport 2022.jpg|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|Saudi Arabia}}[[Saudi Arabian passport|Saudi Arabia]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}. File:Jordanian Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Jordan}}[[Philistine passport|Jordan]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:UAE Passport.svg|{{flagicon|GCC}}{{flagicon|United Arab Emirates}}[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]][[Emirati passport|United Arab Emirates]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Regular Syrian Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Syria}}[[Syrian passport|Syria]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|23px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Republic-of-yemen-passport-non-biometric-01.JPG|küçükresim|Yemen pasaportu]]|{{flagicon|Yemen}}[[Yemeni passport|Yemen]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Sudan passport cover.JPG|{{flagicon|Sudan}}[[Sudanese passport|Sudan]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|Palestine}}.!!` File:Sahrawi passport.jpg|{{flagicon|ESH}}[[Sahrawi passport|ESH]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|MAR}}.!!`?`!!`? File:Somaliland Passport Cover.svg|{{flagicon|Tunisia}}[[Somali passport|Somaliland]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|19px]]{{flagicon|Maldives}}.!!`? File:Cover of Eritrean Passport.jpeg|{{flagicon|Eritrea}}[[Djibouti passport|Djibouti]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|14px]]{{flagicon|Djibouti}}. File:Cover of Chadian Passport.jpg|{{flagicon|Chad}}[[Chadian passport|Chad]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|21px]]{{flagicon|SYC}}.!!`? <Ref>https://visaindex.com/country/chad-passport-ranking/</Ref>.!!`? <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/amp/news/2019/9/19/tunisian-autocrat-ben-ali-dies-in-saudi-exile</Ref>.: !!`?`!!`?'?!' </gallery> [[File:Comorian Passport.png|120px]][[Comorian passport|Comoros]]<Br/>[[File:EPassport logo.svg|16px]]{{flagicon|Comoros}}.!!`? [[File:Official Portrait of King Abdulaziz.jpg|thumb|central|King Faisal bin Abdulaziz.jpg: "as" King of [[Sacuudi Carabiya]].]] [[File:Ring with engraved portrait of Ptolemy VI Philometor (3rd–2nd century BCE) - 2009.jpg|thumb|Center|25xp|Crown of Ptolemy VI Philometor as [[Egyptian]] Pharoah. Louvre Museum.: [[Baaris]];[[France]].)]] <Ref>https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_Saudi_Arabia</Ref>.::.::.:: [[File:Bangladeshi E-Passport.svg|125px]][[Bangladesh passport|Bangladesh]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|11px]]{{flagicon|Pakistan}}.: [[File:JapanpassportNew10y.PNG|21px]]|{{flagicon|Japan}}[[Persian|Japan]].:[[File:KOR ePassport.jpg|25px]]{{flagicon|Korea}}PR"China.: [[File:Manara clocktower.JPG|thumb|Manara]][[https://www.worlddata.info/languages/arabic.php]]..!!’ [[File:16-03-31-Hebron-Altstadt-RalfR-WAT 5717.jpg|thumb|right|195px|Exterior view with (I.& P.Guard):; Isrealian Police.&_.Philistianian Police Guard]] <Ref>https://www.refworld.org/legal/constinstr/las/1945/en/13854</Ref> [[File:Old city of Nablus.JPG|thumb|right|Alley in the Old City leading to and from the [[souk]], 20018]] [[File:Nineveh Nebi Yunus Excavation Bull-Man Head.JPG|thumb|right|196px|[[Lamassu|Winged Bull]] excavated at Nebi Yunus by Iraqi/?\Irani (Persian.!) archaeologists]],`~` <Ref>https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/why-iran-is-not-an-arab-country/#</Ref>.::. https://www.quora.com/Why-are-the-present-day-Egyptians-predominantly-Arabs-despite-the-fact-that-the-ancient-Egyptians-where-not.:.: [[File:Turkish Passport.svg|21px]]|{{flagicon|Korea}}[[Turkish passport|Turkish]][[File:EPassport logo.svg|25px]]{{flagicon|Turkey}}.: From Britannica and Wikipedia and "World" Libraries.!!` [[Arabs]] are the people of an [[ethnic]] group who come from the [[Arabian Peninsula]] and speak the [[Arabic language]] . According to [[Jewish]] and [[Arab]] tradition, they are the grandchildren of [[Ishmael]] , the son of Avraham Abino . Content 1 The Arab world. 2 Religion. 2.1 Ancient times. 3 The Arabic language's. 4 History and civilization. 5 Arab events. 6 Ottoman decline: 7 The question of Palestine: 8 Arab relations with Arab Jews: The [[Arab world]]: The Arab world covers most of the countries in the [[Middle East]] and North [[Africa]] except [[Iran]] , [[Turkey]] and [[Bakistaan]] , and the Land of [[Israaiil]].!!'? The Arab countries are: [[Algeria]] , [[Baxrayn]] , [[Egypt]] , [[Iraq]] , [[Jordan]] ,[[Kuwait]] , [[Lubnaan]] , [[Libya]] , [[Marooko]] , [[Cumaan]] ,[[Komoros]], [[Qatar]] , [[Sacuudi Carabiya]] , [[Suudaan]] , [[Suuriya]] , [[Tunisia]] , the [[United Arab Emirates]] , [[Mauritania]], [[Jad]], and [[Yemen]]; [[Eratareya]]; Plus The Whole* [[Somaliland]] are also included even if the [[Soomaalida]].: They Don't "ALLOW" to speak [[Arabic]] [[Language]]; "Economically"; and "Gegraphically"; & "Politically"..Just like [[Turkiga]]; [[Iiraan]] ta but In "African Continent" NOT "ASIAN".• .!!`?'!.! In addition, approximately two million Arabs also live in the occupied areas of the [[West Bank]] and [[Gaza]] in the State of Israel . Almost one million Arabs also live in Israel itself. Arabs also moved to many places in the world especially [[Europe]] and [[Americas]]. Arabs are a diverse people, but there are some elements that unite them. The most important of them are the Islamic beliefs and the Arabic language, and the culture and history associated with them.!!'? ==Religion and Science.!!'?== The largest part of Arabs are Muslims . There are also many Christian Arabs, especially in Lebanon , Syria , Egypt , and the Palestinian territories . Islam was found in the Arabian Peninsula in the 6th century. It spread quickly over a large part of Asia and Africa , and that is why today there are many Muslims who are not in the [[Arab world]]. Islam, Arab and non-Arab, has two parts: Sunni and Shua . Sunni Islam is the greater part, and most Arabs are Sunni, but in some countries the majority are Shua, mainly Iraq and Bahrain . ==Ancient times.!!'== Until Islam came, most Arabs were polytheists . Some tribes of Arabs under the Hamid kingdom converted to Judaism, or accepted the Christian religion. ==The Arabic languages.!!'== Postscript-viewer-shaded.png See the main article - Arabic Arabic belongs to the family of Semitic languages, together with the holy Hebrew (22 & 23) , and Aramaic. Although Arabic is the giant Semitic out there, The Language 28-31* …letters, and they are written from right to left…...!!’?’!!’? “…. Arabic is another language with a non-Latin alphabet. Though it consists of 28* characters, the complex Arabic script is still often said to be quite hard to learn. Arabic grammar is very different from English grammar, and Arabic is a highly gendered language……” There are three main versions of the Arabic language: 1st. Quranic or Classical, 2nd. Modern Standard, and 3rd. Colloquial or Daily.!!’ Roughly 25* Dialects fall under these three versions, with some mutually unintelligible and others barely different. As a language learner, deciding to learn Arabic’s is the first step.!!’ “….Arabic developed hundred thousand years ago among the Bedouins in the deserts of Arabian Peninsula..”!!’ Its growth was aided by the tradition of poetry which was very advanced in its oral form before it was written down. With the advent of Islam , the Koran became the model of the Arabic language.:• ==History and Civilization.!!'== The name Arab to refer to the nomads and camel leaders of northern Arabia is already found in writings from almost three thousand years ago. Later, the term was used for all the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula and Surrounding Arae . Arabs were then a society of tribes. They were grouped according to their family and genealogy, and referred to a single lineage. The Arab society, however, was fragmented thanks to the very difficult conditions of living in the deserts, and therefore there were often fights between tribes and families. It did not appear any Arab country until the arrival of Islam.!!'?' ==Arabic performances.!!'== Islamic civilization, Arab and non-Arab, flourished during the era of the Abbasid caliphs, who ruled over the entire Islamic world from their capital in Baghdad in the years 750 to 1258. The rise of Islamic civilization includes Advances in literature , philosophy , and medicine . Greek philosophy such as the works of Plato and Aristotle were translated into Arabic. Islamic medical writings were used in Europe until the 1600s. Arab sages also made great advances in mathematics. The numbers we use today are called "Arabic numbers" because they were developed by the Arabs and Muslims. Also the division of mathematics "algebra" is an Arab invention, and comes from the Arabic word "Al-Dzabr". ==Ottoman "Turks" decline and " “Arab’s Pple’s League's” World Rise".!!'== At its peak, the Arab world was the most advanced civilization in the world. They possessed incredible wealth, and they led the entire trade between Asia and Europe. Its later rulers became the Ottoman Turks and with the decline of the Ottoman Empire in the 1800s, and 1850s the flourishing of Arab and Islamic culture began to decline with them.!! Many Arab countries then came under the rule of European Colonizing powers. At the end of the First World War 1, the Ottoman Empire collapsed, and Most of the Arab countries were under European rule.!!’?’ ==The question of Palestin.!!'?== Throughout the First World War , the British promised Arab leaders that Palestine would be included in the territories that would go to the Arabs for independence. The British then promised Palestine to the leaders of the Zionist movement. The history of the Arab-Israeli conflict lies in the mutual promises, as well as the Arab opposition to a Jewish state in the region. ==Arab Muslims relations with Arab Jews.!!'== After the mid-1940s, the situation changed drastically, almost all Arab countries were literally emptied of Jews one after the other, the Polish Arabs have a bitter hatred towards the Jews, almost no Jews are seen before their eyes. The Neturi Karta say that this is a direct result of the movement of Zionism, and later the creation of the Jewish land. Categories : ==Islamic.!!'/|\.Moslim States.!!'?== At its peak, the Arab world was the most advanced civilization in the world. They possessed incredible wealth, and they led the entire trade between Asia and Europe. Its later rulers became the Ottoman Turks and with the decline of the [[Ottoman Empire]] in the 1900s, the flourishing of [[Arab]] and [[Islamic]] culture began to decline with them. Many Arab countries then came under the rule of [[European]] powers. At the end of the First World War , the Ottoman Empire collapsed, and many Arab countries were under [[European]] rule.!!` <Ref>https://wikiislam.github.io/wiki/Muslim_Statistics_-_Pornography.html</Ref>.: ==Warka== December 25, 2017 Special Dispatch No. 7246 [[Iraqi]] [[Kurdish]] leader Masoud Barzani's September; 2017 referendum on Kurdish independence sparked vehement opposition in [[Arab countries]], as was expressed in statements by leaders and also by many articles in the Arab press. The main argument raised was that the Kurds are a tool of Israel – which is working to divide Iraq, and after that the rest of the Arab countries. As proof of this, they cited the Kurds' good relations with Israel and the fact that Israel is the only country that supports them. Along with this opposition, the Arab press also published a few articles defending the Kurds' right to independence and criticizing those who opposed it. These articles rejected the conspiracy theory – i.e. that Israel was backing the referendum, with the aim of dismantling an Arab country – and noted that the Arabs' refusal to tackle their own domestic problems posed more of a danger than Israel did. They also said that those who oppose the Kurdish referendum in the name of Arab unity and the Palestinian problem have made other mistakes over the years – such as also supporting Nazism and Communism. This, while they themselves were doing nothing for the Palestinians, and were even causing harm to the Palestinians within their own countries' borders. Iraqi Kurds wave Israeli flag along with Kurdistan flag. Image: Aljazeera.net, October 2, 2017 Arab Writers: It Is Not Israel That Created The Kurdish Problem, But Rather The Arab Regimes That Denied Their Rights Jordanian journalist Fahd Al-Khitan wrote in the daily Al-Ghad under the title "It Is Not a Conspiracy": "The Arab logic immediately came up with a Zionist conspiracy as an explanation for the Kurds' insistence on seceding from Iraq and on holding a referendum several weeks ago. Proof of this conspiracy exists in abundance, since Israel effectively supported the Kurdish demand [for independence] and has been cultivating ties with certain Kurdish elements since the days of yore. But can the historic cause of the Kurds, which exists since before the founding of Israel, be reduced to this marginal fact? "Israel exploits regional crises to promote its own interests, that much is certain, and Arab and [other] regional forces do the same. We can present many exsamples of border disputes and political conflicts between states that have been exploited by Arab and foreign countries, [such as the conflicts] between Iran and Iraq, between Bahrain and Qatar, between Egypt and Sudan, and the Sahara conflict between Morocco and Algeria. These are all real problems, and the lack of willingness to resolve and settle them gives foreign forces an opportunity to exploit them for their own interests. "Israel did not create the Kurdish problem. The problem of the Kurds in Iraq, Syria, Turkey and Iran is a flagrant national product of countries and regimes that denied the legitimate national rights of the [Kurdish] people. Like any oppressed and persecuted nation, the Kurds are trying to enlist support for their cause, regardless of any other consideration. If Israel has indeed managed to infiltrate the Kurdish [ranks], this is nothing but a demonstration of the Arabs' failure to address their legitimate cause, and proof of the fragility of the Arabs' national security, which is breached from every direction – by Israel and by other forces. So don't blame it all on the Kurds. "The perception of the Kurdish issue involves no small measure of radical nationalism, for there is a strange insistence on merging the various components [of our societies] into an exclusively Arab identity, and on denying the right of non-Arabs to express their national and cultural identity. Whoever lifts up his head and demands his rights is [immediately] accused of serving Israel. Is Israel also behind the referendum in Catalonia? Several days ago, some regions in Italy [likewise] announced their wish to hold a referendum on secession, [but] we did not hear anyone in Italy accusing Israel and Zionism of being behind this move. And what about Britain, whose people voted to leave the European Union? Can Israel, which was created thanks to a British promise [the Balfour Declaration], be behind this as well? If Israel is really motivating the Kurds and pushing them to conspire against the Arab nation, why did the U.S., Israel's number one ally in the world, oppose Israel's will and interests and reject the referendum? "Using this warped national logic, we avoid dealing with our problems in the Arab world. We have made a habit of blaming others for our failure, not only in the Kurdish issue but in all the challenges we have faced, before and since the establishment of Israel. Israel is no doubt the greatest enemy of the nation, but the enemy within is much more dangerous. "In the collapsing countries of the east, as well as in the old democracies, a desire for secession and independence is emerging. This is a great challenge for both the Arab reasoning and the Western reasoning, and confronting it requires creative and innovative thinking."[1] Lebanese Journalist: Why Do All Those Who Fought For The Palestinians' Right Of Self Determination Deny The Same Right To The Kurds? Lebanese journalist and political analyst Hazem Saghiya wrote in his column in the London-based Saudi daily Al-Hayat: "The minute [Kurdish leader] Masoud Barzani announced the decision to hold a referendum [on Kurdish independence], condemnations began to be heard of [the Kurds'] love of Israel: 'you are allies, partners and even agents of Israel.' Some people started digging into history – or even inventing it – in an effort to prove that the situation of the two sides [the Israelis and the Kurds] is identical... [The right to establish] an independent Palestinian state is a right that no reasonable person contests. Ideally, anyone who [demands] rights of his own should support and identify with all the just causes in the world. [But] the political reality does not always [correspond] to this ideal, for in the name of national rights, independence and hostility to Jewish immigration, most Arabs showed solidarity with Hitler and Nazism, and later, in the name of the very same rights, [they also] showed solidarity with the Soviet Gulag regime... These are positions that do not respect people's rights and even undermine them. Moreover, to this day, apologizing for them has not become a prominent part of Arab culture or ideology... "Iraqis who now holler about the friendship between the Kurds and Israel did not hesitate to treat the Palestinians in the worst possible manner. This happened immediately after the 2003 war [in Iraq], and the Iraqis and Palestinians still remember it... We [also] know that, in Syria and Lebanon, the impassioned calls to advance the Palestinian cause coincide with the most despicable treatment of Palestinians. How did the war on the [Palestinian refugee] camps[2] during the 1980s help the Palestinians liberate Palestine?! "The Palestinians' own behavior has not always been characterized by the justice in whose name they constantly speak, for they expressed sympathy for Saddam Hussein's attack on Kuwait and later for Assad's suppression of the Syrian majority that rose up in demand of freedom. They took part in the civil wars in Jordan and Lebanon, and their crimes against the rights of the Lebanese and Jordanians are comparable to the crimes of the Lebanese and Jordanians against their rights... So why are only the Kurds required to remain within the framework of a perfect correspondence between politics and justice? Or perhaps what is permitted to the master is not permitted to his slave?... "As for the Kurds and Israel, the Hebrew state was the only one that welcomed the Kurdish referendum. It probably welcomed it for reasons that were less than noble, having to do entirely with its own [interests], but it did so while others all over the region were [threateningly] baring their teeth at the Kurds. In this situation, can the Kurds be expected to burn the Israeli flag? What have we Arabs done for the Kurds that we can expect them to hate Israel with a passion?... "Moreover, since the Saddam Hussein era, the Palestinian cause has been used more than any other cause [as a means] to undermine the Kurdish issue and the Kurds' right [to independence], just as Bashar Al-Assad later used the Palestinian cause [to combat] the Syrians' [attempts] to oust his regime. Obviously, such conduct leaves psychological effects and scars in its victims, especially when no Palestinian voices are heard loudly condemning and opposing this use [of their cause]. "The obvious conclusion is that, in this region, we have what can be described as a mechanism of blackmail by means of [accusations of collaboration with] Israel. The Lebanese Christians know better than anyone else how they were subjected to such blackmail during the years of Syrian patronage [over Lebanon], and even the Palestinian leadership itself was not spared [this blackmail] when it tried to take its own national decisions, independently of the will of the Assad regime..."[3] Al-Hayat Columnist: The Claims Against The Kurds Have Been Disproved Hazem Al-Amin, another Lebanese columnist for the Saudi daily Al-Hayat, wrote cynically: "The Kurds' celebrations last month [over the referendum results] included waving Israeli flags – which pan-Arab eyes saw and made part of the Kurdish aspiration for independence. [They called the Kurdish state] 'an artificial state that is analogous to Israel.' Those with wounded pan-Arab sentiment have gone too far, [arguing that] not only is the future [Kurdish] state a product of Israel, but that it is also a partner in Tel Aviv's creation of ISIS, and wishes that the 200,000 Kurdish Jews in Israel will return to it. [They say] that the future [Kurdish] state is part of the Zionist plan to dismantle the region into small entities based on ethnicity and sect... "Much can be said against the independence referendum... but it also had an upside, because it made the Arabs expend tremendous energy on writing nonsense, as they haven't done in a long time. [This] revealed that the Ba'th [party], including its branches in Iraq and Syria, is not a random, fleeting phenomenon in the pan-Arab sentiment, but is fundamental; that ISIS is its cousin and suckled the same milk; and that the Arab defeat throughout the conflict with Israel is the result of ignoring the truth. Anyone who says that the Kurds want 200,000 Kurdish Jews to return to Kurdistan from Israel fails to notice that they [the Kurds], by means of their activity that stems from delusions, will in fact restore the situation to what it used to be, and will serve Palestine by correcting the mistake of the pan-Arabism of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani[4] and his nationalist Arab cohorts,[5] which motivated them to raid the Jews in Baghdad and send them to Israel with the aid of the Jewish Agency. "While pan-Arabism is forgiven for having abandoned Palestine, the Kurds are not forgiven for waving the Israeli flag at a moment of national intoxication... After all, they are Kurds, and they have no right to anger or mistakes, just as they are not allowed to dream of a state that was taken from them over a century ago. If they make a mistake, then [Hizbullah secretary-general] Mr. [Hassan] Nasrallah will come out to remind them that he will stand against any plan by [any] religious stream that divides the nation – when he [Nasrallah himself] apparently wants to unite [the nation] under the flag of the Rule of the Jurisprudent [of the Iranian regime] that has no connection to any [Sunni] religious stream... "ISIS too, which according to the offspring [of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani and Hajj Amin Al-Husseini] sold Iraqi territories to Israel via Kurdish middlemen, found a place in the version [of reality] of the opponents of the Kurdish state. According to the latter, ISIS is not Arab and does not belong to the Ba'th, [but rather] is Kurdish and Israeli. The offspring of Rashid Al-Kilani have in their possession documents proving this, that they sent to Mr. Nasrallah; he will reveal them in his next speech... "The Shi'ite Iraqi forces – once the allies of the Kurds in Iraq, in the post-Saddam era – united in a religious alliance [with Shi'ite Iran] that has no place for the Kurds' aspirations. And lo, they remind the Kurds of the Arabism of Kirkuk [which is actually Kurdish], while forsaking the Arabism of [the Shi'ite] Al-Najaf and of Karbala, and turning [the Sunni] Mosul, after its liberation from ISIS, into an Iranian metropolis. All this does not harm the offspring of Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani [i.e. the Iraqis], as long as it is done by a strong tyrant [such as Saddam]. But the weak, such as the Kurds, have no right to dream of a state."[6] [1] Al-Ghad (Jordan), October 22, 2017. [2] This refers to a campaign waged by the Amal militia against the Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon during the civil war in 1985-1986. Thousands of Palestinians were killed in the battles, and the Sabra, Shatila and Burj Al-Barajna refugee camps were almost completely destroyed, although Amal never managed to take over the camps. [3] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. [4] Iraqi politician Rashid 'Ali Al-Kilani (1892-1965), three-time Iraqi prime minister, led the 1941 rebellion that prompted the British to invade Iraq; in June of that year the Farhud, or pogrom, against the Jews of Baghdad took place. Al-Kilani fled to Nazi Germany, and was known for his connections to the Nazis and to Jerusalem Mufti Hajj Amin Al-Husseini. [5] A reference to the Arab nationalist movement, founded in Beirut in the 1920s. [6] Al-Hayat (London), October 3, 2017. ===BIODIVERSITY=== I am a Palestinian American who is tired of stupid people. I wanted to share a (not exhaustive) list of 50 useful and indisputable facts on the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. FACT No. [#01.] Some Jews are shitty and awful people.!'? FACT No. [#02.] Some Muslims are shitty and awful people.!'? FACT No. [#03.] Some Christians are shitty and awful people.!'?' FACT No.[#04.] Some Arabs are shitty and awful people.!'?' FACT No. [#05.] Some Americans are shitty and awful people.!'?' FACT No. 6. Some Israelis are shitty and awful people.!?' FACT No. 7. Some Palestinians are shitty and awful people.!'? FACT No.[#08.] Not all Jews are Israelis.!'? FACT No.[#09.] Not all Israelis are Jews.!'? FACT No.[#10.] Not all Jews are white.!'? FACT No. [#11.] Not all Israelis are white.!'? FACT No. [#12.] Not all Muslims are Arabs.!'? FACT No. 13. Not all Arabs are Muslim.!'? FACT No. 14. Not all Palestinians are Muslims.!'? FACT No. 15. Not all Arabs are Palestinian.!'? FACT No. 16. Not all Palestinians are Haumaus.!'? FACT No. 17. [[Texans]] are not [[Arizonans]].!'? FACT No. 18. Germans are not Dutch..(The word Dutch comes from a Proto-Germanic word meaning “of the people.” It shares a root with the German word [[Deutsch]], which has led to some confusing names. The name Germans call Germany, for example, is [[Deutschland]] and the people there [[Deutsch]]. [[Dutch]] and German are related, after all, both being Germanic languages.).!'? FACT No. 19. Palestinians are not Jordanians.!'? FACT No. 20. [Egyptians] are not Palestinians.!'? FACT No. 21. Where you are born does not actually determine anything about you.!'? FACT No. 22. Your passport is not your political beliefs. FACT No. 23. Your government is not your morality.!'? FACT No. 24. Not all Jews like the Israeli government.!'? FACT No. 25. Not all Israelis like the Israeli government.!'? FACT No. 26. Not all Palestinians like the Palestinian government. FACT No. 27. Israeli governments have committed acts of terror and violence against the Palestinian people. FACT No. 28. Palestinian organizations have committed acts of terror and violence against the Israeli people.!'? FACT No. 29. US leaders do things that I do not agree with (e.g., 2016–2020). FACT No. 30. Israeli leaders do things that Israelis do not agree with. FACT No. 31. Palestinian leaders do things that Palestinians do not agree with. FACT No. 32. What happened to the Israeli civilians on 10/7 2023* is fucking awful, and Hamas has earned every fucking thing that the Israeli military throws at them. FACT No. 33. What is happening in Gaza to civilians is fucking awful, and not the smartest thing for Israel to do, and some aspects of Israeli military activity may be [[war crimes]], and it doesn’t have to be genocide for it to be tragic.!'? FACT No. 34. You can advocate for Palestine without being a racist, anti-semitic piece of shit.!'? FACT No. 35. You can advocate for Israel without being a racist, anti-Arab piece of shit.!'? FACT No. 36. People like to have sex with each other, and they sometimes procreate with people outside their tribes.! '? FACT No. 37. No one in the Levant is indigenous. Every fucking empire in history has fucked their way through the Levant. There is no pure indigeneity. And let’s be honest: The entire planet has been colonized..by [[Europeans]] Powers..and In Ancient (..hominids from the Great Rift Valley). FACT No. [#38.] Palestinians and Israelis share paternal Bronze Age DNA. Yes, even Ashkenazi Jews.!'?... FACT No. 39. Stop with the fucking history lessons about what the Israelites did, or what the [[OTTOMANS]] did, or what the [[BRITISH]] did, or whatever. It is Fucking "IMPERIAL SHIT" There is a pile of DOG shit in the living room. Instead of arguing about whose DOG took the bigger shit in the living room, maybe focus on how we clean up the dog shit, and maybe we keep the DOGS outside.!'? FACT No. 40. Any people have a right to group together and self-identify as whatever-the-fuck-they-want-to-self-identify as. When they get large enough as a group, those people have the right to self-determination and self-respect and a state where they can control their own destinies. FACT No. 41. Whether you like the idea or not, the Israeli state exists. It will also continue to exist until the ISRAELI people decide they don’t want it to exist. Your opinion on this matter (if you are not Israeli) is fucking immaterial. FACT No. 42. Whether you like the idea or not, a Palestinian state will exist at some point, and it will continue to exist until the PALESTINIAN people decide they don’t want it to exist. Your opinion on this matter (if you are not Palestinian) is fucking immaterial.!'? FACT No. 43. You cannot bomb a people into true submission  —  the Blitz did not soften [[British]] morale.!?'.. FACT No. 44. You cannot fight a war and kill a people’s desire for safety, freedom and self-determination. You can stifle it. You can try to ignore it, but one way or another, you will have to deal with it. This is as true for my Israeli friends as it is for my Palestinian ones. FACT No. 45. The solution to the [[Middle East]] conflict will not be found on Threads, or TikTok, or in the streets of any city that isn’t within a two-hour car ride from downtown Jerusalem.!'? FACT No. 46. If you want to be an ally to Palestinians, please feel free to continue to advocate for peace, security and self-determination, but do it without dehumanizing or stereotyping Israelis and Jews. FACT No. 47. If you want to be an ally to Israelis, please feel free to continue to advocate for peace, security and self-determination, but do it without dehumanizing or stereotyping Palestinians and Muslims and Arabs. FACT No. 48. If you just want to advocate for peace, try to be a voice for reason, and don’t inflame or over-simplify an already chaotic, complicated and deeply emotional issue. Help people find common ground and help bring the temperature down. You can be moral and stand up for what you believe in without being an ASSHOLE.!'?... FACT No. 49. Yes, an amazing one-state liberal democracy where Palestinian boys and girls could fuck Israeli boys and girls and make cute babies, and everybody spoke Hebrew and Arabic and we all agreed that [[hummus]] and [[falafel]] are delicious and Palestinian and sufganiyot are delicious and Israeli would be awesome. But this wonderful future has about as much chance of happening in the near term as this 5’8″ 56'"-year-old Palestinian has being a starter for the [[Golden State Warrior]]s. A two-state solution is the only workable one.!'? FACT No. 50. Hummus is Palestinian. I am immovable on this.!'?' Moe Aa. Hussein is a Palestinian-American creative with a filmmaking background interested in the intersection of experience and technology. This list originally ran on his Medium blog.!'? The Citizen welcomes guest commentary from community members who represent that it is their own work and their own opinion based on true facts that they know firsthand.:. <Ref>https://waleedgohar469.medium.com/a-media-rich-guide-on-facts-about-palestine-70022565965d</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.historyhit.com/facts-about-the-israeli-palestinian-conflict/</</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.factretriever.com/israel-facts</Ref>.: 5 Interesting Facts About Palestine (Find Out)! Waleed Gohar Waleed Gohar · Follow 3 min read · Jun 22, 2020 Listen Share Introduction: Palestine is a land which has a lot of things for its readers. This is a land which is located in Asia but there is much more to know, apart from its location. Therefore, let’s dive straight into some facts about Palestine. Is 3G available in Palestine? The 3G services are not available in Palestine apart from a few locations. Why is this? Facts About Palestine (3G Network) This is because the Israeli restrictions do not allow the Palestinian people to have access to the 3G services openly. There has been a conversation about this over the past few years of Palestine National Authority with the Israeli authorities but in vain. The Economy of Palestine: Palestine is a land that is considered unsafe by many people, but is it true? To understand this, first, understand that tourism is an important part of the economy of Palestine. In 2010, 4.6 million people visited Palestine. This is a pretty decent figure for a land that is considered unsafe for many people. Furthermore, the stone industry in Palestine is also a very important part of its economy. To understand how important is the stone industry to Palestine, it is to Palestine as the textile is to Pakistan. And what is textile is to Pakistan? 60% of the exports of Pakistan are based on the cotton textile industries that provide half of the countries employment! The majority of exports of Palestine are to Israel, Jordan, America and some European countries. The National Animal of Palestine: Gazelle is the national animal of Palestine which is known for its speed. The Palestinian government has been trying to protect this creature as it is an important symbol for the Palestinians. Facts About Palestine (Gazelle) Photo by Bas van Brandwijk on Unsplash These beautiful thin creatures are mostly found in Africa and Asia. They resemble deer and they are from the family of goats, sheep and cattle. The dama Gazelle is the largest Gazelle. The National Flower of Palestine: Palestinian poppy is the natural flower of Palestine. This beautiful flower is bright red and the scientific name of the Palestinian Poppy is Anemone coronaria. The flower originally comes from Ranunculaceaefamily (buttercup family). Very fewer flowers have played such an important role in medicine, religion and politics as the poppy. One commonly asked question is that are anemones and poppies same? Although the anemones and poppies belong to a similar flower family, they are not the same thing. The Siege in Gaza: In Gaza, 1.9 million Palestinians are under a brutal siege. The basic human rights have been denied to them and they are constantly exposed to aerial bombing. The political instability and barbarity make Gaza unsafe. The Israeli restrictions in this area are so brutal that the United Nations says that by 2020, the area can be completely inhibited. Conclusion: The facts about Palestine is a very interesting topic. I hope that the article makes sense. Thank You very much for staying with me till the end! <Ref>https://www.memri.org/reports/arab-opposition-to-kurdish-state-hypocritical</Ref>.: "Jabaan" likely refers to the word for "Japan" in the language of the user, which in this case is probably "Swahili" or "Somali", as it is a transliteration of the word "Japan" in these languages. Here's a breakdown: "Jabaan" is a transliteration of "Japan" in Swahili and Somali: The word "Jabaan" is used to refer to the country of Japan in Swahili and Somali. Swahili and Somali are languages spoken in Africa: Swahili is a Bantu language spoken in East Africa, while Somali is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in the Horn of Africa….!!’?’….!! ==Sido kale fiiri== * [[Unionka Mediterraneanka]] * [[Wadanamaha Jaamacada Carabta Afrika]] * [[Waddnamha Mashriq Jaamacada Carabta]] * https://livingcost.org/ ==10*of the*Most*Endangered Species in Africa== BY OLIVIA LAI AFRICA JUN 27TH 2022/23 EARTH.ORG IS POWERED BY OVER 150 CONTRIBUTING WRITERS 10 of the Most Endangered Species in Africa Africa, the world’s second-largest and second-most populous continent, is wonderfully rich in biodiversity. Thanks to its equally rich natural landscapes and biomes, ranging from arid deserts and savannahs to tropical rainforests and ice-capped mountains, Africa supports about a quarter of the planet’s animal and plant species. But delayed industrialisation and development, human activities such as deforestation – 4 million hectares of African forests are cut down annually, almost double the speed than the global average deforestation rate – and prolonged conflicts have had a devastating impact on wildlife on the continent. All these are being fuelled further by climate change. These are just some of the most endangered species in Africa that are in dire need of protection and conservation, before it’s too late. — ===10*Most*Endangered*Species*in Africa.!!=== [#01.]Black Rhino..!!’?’…!!’?’…!!’ Otherwise known as the hook-lipped rhino, the black rhino is one of two species of rhinoceros native to Africa (the other being the white rhino). Due to rampant poaching to meet a global demand for rhinoceros horn, wildlife trading and trophy hunting, black rhino populations have been decimated and has driven a subspecies, the Western black rhino (Diceros bicornis longipes), to extinction in 2011. Today, there are just over 5,600 individuals left of the critically endangered animal and are limited to just four countries: South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe and Kenya. As a keystone species, meaning that they hold a significant role within an ecosystem, there have been major efforts to protect and recover population numbers, including greater habitat protection and monitoring systems, as well as harsher fines and sentences for rhino poachers. [#02.]African Elephant.!!’?’!!’?… In the 1970s, Africa was home to 1.3 million elephants. Today, that number has plummeted down to less than 30,000 in the wild. Much like rhinos, elephants have been heavily targeted and poached throughout history due to the ivory trade; ivory tusks were treated as a valuable commodity and a status symbol. As a result, around 90% of African elephants have been wiped out in the past century. Though much of the world has since banned elephant ivory trading, most notably China, illegal poaching and trading still persist. But with significant conservation efforts, countries like Kenya have been experiencing a baby boom in elephants, more than doubling the population in 30 years. But other major threats to the species remain: human-wildlife conflict fuelled by human population growth and urban expansion, and climate change-induced droughts. Your Contribution Makes a Difference Every donation counts in our fight against climate change. Join us in making a real impact by supporting our research, data analysis, and policy solutions. DONATE TODAY…!!’?’ endangered species africa [#03].Gorilla..!!’?’..!!’?’.. There are two species of gorillas, the Eastern gorilla and the Western gorilla, both of which are native to Africa and listed as Critically Endangered on the International Union for Conservation of NatureRed List. A combination of factors have pushed the animal to such a dire situation, including poaching, habitat loss from logging and agricultural development, human conflict, and diseases. In fact, one of the two subspecies of the Western gorilla, the Cross River gorilla that lives in the Cameroon-Nigeria border region, saw its population plummet to about 200-300 adults. Population recovery efforts can be also slow and difficult due to their low reproductive rate, with females only giving birth every four to six years – females also only breed three or four times in her lifetime. [#04.]Saharan Cheetah.!!’?’!!’?’… This endangered cat (but not a ‘Big Cat’) has been pushed to the brink of extinction due to significant habitat loss, forcing the animal to be limited to 10% of its historical range. Its remaining small populations can now only be found in Algeria and Niger, and isolated pockets across the Sahara and Sahel from Mali in the west to the Central African Republic in the east.​ Additionally, hunting by a growing local population in the region and reduced prey such as sheep and gazelle from the agricultural explosion have also contributed to Saharan cheetah’s population decline to fewer than 250 individuals. endangered species in Africa Photo credit: EO Photographer Josh R. [#05.]African Wild Dog..!!’?’…!!’? Also known as the African painted dog or the African hunting dog, this critically endangered species in Africa is also the second most endangered carnivore in the continent. As wild dogs are highly social animals, gathering and travelling packs, they’re incredibly sensitive to habitat changes and fragmentation, which have been significantly reduced over the past few decades. Illegally poaching and wildlife trading is rife across African countries, and many African dogs were caught as bycatch in snares targeted for other animals like antelopes. Despite their impressive speeds – they reach speeds of more than 44 miles per hour – the species has not been able to run away from other threats like human conflicts over livestock, infectious diseases like rabies and distemper, and competition with larger predators like lions due to shrinking habitats. The largest populations are mostly in southern Africa – where there are less than 550 individuals in the wild – and the southern part of East Africa including Tanzania and northern Mozambique. Though snare hunting has been made illegal on nationally proclaimed wildlife reserves in South Africa, far more conservation efforts are needed to protect this rare mammal. You might also like: Is the Sahara Desert Growing? [#06.]African Penguin…!!’?’…!!’?’… There’s a common misconception that penguins are native only to the Arctic when in fact, there’s a well-known nesting penguin species that breeds in Africa, or more specifically, Namibia and South Africa. Unfortunately, the population of the African penguin is dwindling fast as a result of habitat loss and destruction, overfishing to meet global commercial demand, oil spills and marine pollution – the bird’s range encompass many global trading and oil transport routes – as well as warming ocean temperatures. The species has lost about 95% of its population since pre-industrial times to about 14,700 pairs, based on 2021 estimates. In addition, guano harvests – accumulated excrement of seabirds and bats is a highly sought-after fertiliser – eliminated their preferred nesting substrate, leaving them exposed to predators, heat stress, flooding and sea-level rise. <Ref>https://earth.org/endangered-species-in-africa/</Ref>.:: endangered species in the desert, north african ostrich…!!’?’ [#07.]North African Ostrich..!!’ The North African ostrich is the largest bird on Earth. Historically, it was distributed across the entire Sahara desert, spreading across 18 countries. Today, they’re only found in Cameroon, Chad, Central African Republic and Senegal. This flightless bird has been heavily targeted over the past 50 years; their feathers, meat and egg are deemed valuable in the wildlife trading market. Much like most of the animals on this list, the ostrich has suffered from habitat loss from human expansion and desertification – a process by which lands become infertile – causing increased food competition with other livestock and larger animals. Since being identified in the IUCN red list, a number of conservation efforts have been underway to help restore the species, from introducing more ostriches to Senegal and habitat rehabilitation to improving livestock fencing and management. [#08.]Dama Gazelle..!!’?’…!!’?’ The dama gazelle now lives only about 1% of its historical range, and is found primarily in the countries of Chad and Sudan. Despite its preference for arid territories, desertification and worsening droughts from climate change have caused major habitat loss and fragmentation, as well as reduced vegetation for gazelle to feed from – thus increased competition with human and livestock. Prolonged wars in the region have also exacerbated all these aforementioned factors. Today, fewer than 400 individuals are left in the wild. [#09.] Egyptian Tortoise..!!’?’…!!’ Another Saharan Desert native and the smallest species of tortoises – no longer than 10cm in length at maturity, the Egyptian tortoise is all but extinct from its original habitat due to the loss of habitat from agriculture and expansion of tourism, and most notably, from illegal pet trading. According to the IUCN Red List, the total Egyptian tortoise population is estimated to be around 7,470, but as they are not legally protected in Libya – where the species is mostly found – they are highly vulnerable to further population decline. Despite ongoing captive breeding programmes efforts to reintroduce Egyptian tortoises to the wild, they have mostly been slow and relatively unsuccessful. [#10.] Sahara Aphanius..!!’?’…!!’ This tiny freshwater pupfish, measuring only less than two inches long, can be found nowhere else in the world except for the Sahara Desert in the Oued Saoura river basin near Mazzer, Algeria. Agricultural development, which has caused significant groundwater contamination and excessive water withdrawal, and increasingly frequent and prolonged droughts, have severely impacted the aquatic vegetation that the species depend upon. This includes zooplankton and algae. The freshwater fish remains to be listed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List. Aside from these endangered species in Africa, you might also like: 10 of the World’s Most Endangered Animals in 2022/2023*.!! 알자지라의 미단 보이스 [[인터넷 채널]]: 유대인이 만들어내고 통제하고 있습니다("..모든 것이 2초 안에 움직입니다..") [[할리우드]]; [[CNN]]; 포르노 산업을 오염시키기 위해 "..[[미국인]]..!!.."과 "...[[기독교인]]...!!'?'" 가치관을...!!'?'... aljajilaui midan boiseu [[inteones chaeneol]]: yudaein-i mandeul-eonaego tongjehago issseubnida("..modeun geos-i 2cho an-e umjig-ibnida..") [[halliudeu]]; [[CNN]]; poleuno san-eob-eul oyeomsikigi wihae "..[[migug-in]]..!!.."gwa "...[[gidoggyoin]]...!!'?'" gachigwan-eul...!!'?'... ==The Most Endangered Animals in Africa== By H. Nimmo. Africa is blessed with a stunning variety of wildlife – it has more species of charismatic megafauna than any other continent. However, sadly, with ever expanding human populations and their increasing demand for land, food and water, exacerbated by poaching, more and more species are becoming endangered. However, thanks to the foresight of conservationists past and present, many of the most endangered animals in Africa are being protected in reserves and national parks. Below is a list of some of the most endangered species in Africa and where you stand a chance of seeing them. =10,441 "African Safaris"= [#01.]Ethiopian’s..!.. Ethiopian wolf..!!’?’…!!’?’… The Ethiopian wolf is Africa’s most endangered carnivore and the continent’s only wolf species. It is a handsome rusty red jackal-like dog and, as the name suggests, it is endemic to Ethiopia’s It is endangered due to loss of habitat to farmland and due to diseases caught from domestic dogs. Best place to see Ethiopian wolf: Bale Mountain National Park, Ethiopia [#02.]Pangolin Pangolin..!!’?’…!!’ The poor pangolin has the dubious honor of being the most illegally trafficked species in Africa, as its scales are used in traditional medicine in Asia. Most people have never heard of a pangolin, let alone seen one … and sadly it is feared they are on a fast-track to extinction. Pangolins are now one of the most endangered animals in Africa. These delightful, gentle creatures are armour-plated and roll into a ball to defend themselves – unfortunately a poor defence against humans. Pangolins feed on ants and termites with their long sticky tongues, and the mother carries her young infant on her back. They are the holy grail of wildlife sightings for many tourists and indeed safari guides, such is their rarity. I must confess the first time I saw a pangolin in the wild, I was moved to tears – part joy and part sadness at just how vulnerable they are. Best place to see a pangolin: in winter at Tswalu Private Game Reserve, South Africa [#03.] Black Rhino Black Rhino…!!’?’…!!’?’…. Black rhinos are actually grey in color and are distinguished from white rhinos by their pointed, prehensile upper lip, whereas white rhinos have square lips. Black rhino calves usually follow their mother – whereas white rhino calves often trot along in front. Black rhinos are largely solitary and are browsers rather than grazers – hence their hooked lip. Black rhinos are classified as Critically Endangered, as they have been decimated by poaching for their horn. The most recent numbers estimate less than 5000 in 2010, however, numbers are likely to have decreased further since then, despite valiant conservation efforts. Best places to see black rhino: Ngorogoro Crater, Tanzania Etosha National Park, Namibia Damaraland, Namibia Matobo National Park, Zimbabwe [#04.] White Rhino White Rhino…!!’?’…!!’?’… It is sad that, after successful conservation efforts increased their numbers dramatically in the 1960’s, once again, white rhino has become one of the most endangered animals in Africa. This is due to illegal poaching to satisfy the increased demand for their horn by Asian markets. Valiant conservation efforts are once again underway to save the white rhino, and South Africa is still its stronghold. The white rhino is larger than the black rhino and has square lips for grazing. Best places to see white rhino: Kruger National Park, South Africa uMkhuze Game Reserve, South Africa Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Game Reserve, South Africa Sabi Sand Game Reserve, South Africa [#05.]Mountain Gorilla Mountain Gorilla..!!’?’…!!’?’… Although mountain gorillas are still considered one of the most endangered animals in Africa, the good news is that their numbers are actually on the increase. An encounter with mountain gorillas should be on everyone’s bucket list. Although it is an expensive trip, believe me, it is worth every dollar! You will never forget the hour you spend with these gentle giants. It is your tourist dollars that are helping to protect and conserve the mountain gorillas and their forests – another reason to visit.!! Best place to see mountain gorillas: Bwindi National Park, Uganda [#06.]African Wild Dog? African Wild Dog…!!’?’…!!’?’ Previously viewed as vermin, thankfully the African wild dog has had a very good PR makeover over the last few years and has now become one of the most wished-for safari sightings. Sightings on safari are often by luck, as the dogs cover huge distances in search of prey, and it is only when they are denning (usually the dry season months) that they remain in the same place for a few weeks. Personally they are my favorite animal to see on safari, as they are such sociable carnivores. It is a privilege to watch their frenzied “greeting ceremony”, when they are getting to get ready to hunt – making all sorts of un-dog-like chittering and chirping noises. African wild dogs require huge ranges and consequently habitat fragmentation has caused their decline. Other threats include diseases from domestic dogs, persecution by livestock farmers, road accidents and incidental snaring. Best places to see African wild dog: Mana Pools National Park, Zimbabwe Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe Madikwe Game Reserve, South Africa Linyanti Concession, Botswana Selinda Concession, Botswana [#07.] African Penguin African Penguin…!!’?’…!!’?’ For visitors to Cape Town, it is hard to imagine that the African penguin is one of the most endangered species in Africa. They are easy to see at Boulders Bay on the Cape Peninsula, where there is a visitor centre and boardwalk past their nests. However, sadly, African penguin numbers have plummeted in recent years due to depleted fish stocks from over fishing and fish stocks moving further west due to climate change. The African penguin is also at risk from oil spills. This is the only penguin species breeding in Africa, and they are easily recognisable by their dapper black and white plumage and jack-ass braying call. Best place to see African penguins: Cape Point, South Africa [#08.] Rothschild’s…Giraffe Rothschild’s giraffe…!!’?’…!!… The giraffe is one of Africa’s most recognisable and iconic animals and the tallest land mammal. While giraffes are commonly seen on safari, people are unaware that the numbers of these majestic animals are crashing dramatically outside of protected areas due to habitat loss, illegal hunting and human-wildlife conflict. There are nine subspecies of giraffe, each confined to specific regions of Africa. The Rothschild’s giraffe is now listed as one of the most endangered animals in Africa – in 2010 there were thought to be less than 670 individuals. It is found in western Kenya and eastern Uganda and it has broader dividing white lines than the reticulated giraffe and no spotting below the knees. Best places to see Rothschild’s giraffes: Lake Nakuru National Park, Kenya Murchison Falls National Park, Uganda Kidepo Vally National Park, Uganda Lake Mburo National Park, Uganda [#09.] Hooded Vulture Hooded vulture..!!’?’ Vultures are a critical component in the African landscape but their numbers are plummeting due to increased poisoning incidents. Without vultures clearing carcasses, there is a risk in the increase of disease – as has happened in India, where they have lost 95% of their vultures. The hooded vulture is now one of the most endangered species in Africa – recently upgraded to Critically Endangered. They are easy to distinguish from other vultures by their small size and thin hooked bill. Best places to see hooded vultures: Moremi National Park, Botswana Kruger National Park, South Africa Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe [#10.] Chimpanzee Chimpanzee…!!’?’ When you look into the eyes of a wild chimpanzee, it is easy to understand that this is man’s closest relative – we share 98% of the same genes. Their behavior is distinctively human-like too. Tracking chimpanzees in the wild is one of the most exciting safari activities – it really does feel like you are in the middle of your very own wildlife documentary. Chimpanzees are classified as one of the most endangered animals in Africa – the biggest threat to their survival is habitat loss and an increasing demand for bushmeat…!!’? Best places to see chimpanzees: Gombe National Park, Tanzania Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania Kibale National Park, Uganda Want To Go on an African Safari? Click on the button below to compare African safaris offered by top-rated tour operators. 10,441 African Safaris *<ref>https://www.statista.com/statistics/806135/gdp-of-the-arab-world/</ref>. * <ref>https://www.languagetrainers.co.uk/blog/8-fascinating-facts-about-arab-culture/</ref>. * https://en.idi.org.il/articles/38540 * https://www.japantimes.co.jp/tag/saudi-arabia/ * https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8 * https://www.worlddata.info/languages/#google_vignette * https://www.visualcapitalist.com/the-tech-giants-worth-compared-economies-countries// * https://www.arabnews.com/node/1823401/saudi-arabia <Ref>https://www.worlddata.info/languages/arabic.php</Ref> <Ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/most-educated-countries</Ref>.: <Ref>https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2020</Ref>.: * https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/10-countries-with-the-best-education-systems.html * https://www.worldatlas.com/history/10-countries-which-have-never-been-colonised-by-europeans.html <Ref>https://www.gfmag.com/global-data/economic-data/richest-countries-in-the-world</Ref>. <Ref>https://www.quora.com/How-accurate-is-the-assertion-that-Britain-has-invaded-all-but-22-countries-in-the-world</Ref>. * https://theculturetrip.com/asia/brunei-darussalam/articles/11-things-that-are-illegal-in-brunei/ * https://www.cnbc.com/2020/01/03/who-was-iranian-general-qasem-soleimani-and-why-his-killing-matters.html *https://almashareq.com/en_GB/articles/cnmi_am/features/2022/02/04/feature-02 <Ref>https://www.espn.com/soccer/standings/_/league/ita.1</Ref>.: ** https://www.quora.com/How-accurate-is-the-assertion-that-Britain-has-invaded-all-but-22-countries-in-the-world <Ref>https://kottke.org/12/11/britain-has-invaded-all-but-22-countries</Ref>. * https://www.goodcountry.org/index/your-questions/countries-included/youve-left-out-a-number-of-territories-nations-why-is-this/ *<ref>https://visaindex.com/country/indonesia-passport-ranking/</ref> *<ref>https://industryarabic.com/arabic-facts-statistics/</ref>. <Ref>https://www.xe.com/popularity.php</Ref>.:• <Ref>https://www.eurosport.com/football/serie-a/2024-2025/standings.shtml</Ref>.: *<Ref>https://www.globalizationpartners.com/2016/06/30/10-facts-about-arab-culture-infographic/#:~:text=The%20Arab%20world%20stretches%20across,various%20ethnic%20and%20religious%20backgrounds.</ref>. <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/14/some-300-children-drowned-trying-to-reach-europe-so-far-this-year</ref>.: * https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ |date=20220530164249 }} {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ |date=20220530164249 }} {{Wayback|url=https://theculturetrip.com/middle-east/iran/articles/how-did-iran-get-its-name/ |date=20220530164249 }} * https://www.4icu.org/top-universities-africa/ '!!`{{Dead link|date=Bisha Sagaalaad 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-never-colonized {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/e/European_Union.htm |date=20220819192938 }} * https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/what-know-about-arab-citizens-israel * https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/iran-iraq-power-centres-creating-havoc.: {{Wayback|url= https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_tree_of_Muhammad#:~:text=This%20family%20tree%20is%20about,Ishmael%20through%20the%20Hashim%20tribe.|date=20220707081051 }} * https://www.sporcle.com/blog/2019/03/what-countries-are-transcontinental/ * https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2021/02/335958/morocco-exposes-polisario-algerias-propaganda-in-letter-to-un/ * https://themuslim500.com/book-reviews-2023.html 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(heesta)|Yurub]]"<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110215123402/http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics-article.php?yyyy=2008&mm=06&dd=11&nav_id=51011 "Assembly approves Kosovo anthem"], ''b92.net'', 11 June 2008. Link accessed 11 June 2008.</ref><br/><center>[[File:National Anthem of the Republic of Kosovo.ogg]]</center> | official_languages = {{hlist|[[Albanian language|Albanian]]|[[Serbian language|Serbian]]}} | regional_languages = {{hlist|[[Bosnian language|Bosnian]]|[[Turkish language|Turkish]]|[[Romani language|Romani]]}} | ethnic_groups_year = {{unbulleted list | 94.3% [[Albanians (ethnic group)|Albanians]] | 3.2% [[Serbs of Kosovo|Serbs]] | 1.3% [[Bosniaks of Kosovo|Bosniaks]] | 1.2% [[Turks in Kosovo|Turks]] | 0.5% [[Romani of Kosovo|Romani]] | 0.5% Others }} | demonym = {{unbulleted list |Kosovar, Kosovan}} | capital = {{nowrap|[[Pristina]]}}<sup>a</sup><!-- PLEASE DO ''not'' CHANGE THE CAPITAL'S NAME! Per [[MOS:KOSOVO]], we currently use Pristina, not Prishtina or Priština.--> | status = [[List of states with limited recognition|Disputed]]<br/> * [[International recognition of Kosovo|Recognized by 93 member states]] of the [[United Nations]] * Claimed by [[Serbia]] as the ''[[Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija]]'' {{small|(under [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244|UN Security Council resolution 1244]])}} | coordinates = {{Coord|42|40|N|21|10|E|type:city}} | largest_city = capital | government_type = [[Unitary state|Unitary]] [[Parliamentary republic|parliamentary republic]] | leader_title1 = [[President of Kosovo|President]] | leader_name1 = [[Vjosa Osmani]] | leader_title2 = [[Prime Minister of Kosovo|Prime Minister]] | leader_name2 = [[Albin Kurti]] | leader_title3 = [[Chairman of the Assembly of Kosovo|Chairman of the Assembly]] | leader_name3 = [[Glauk Konjufca]] | legislature = [[Assembly of Kosovo]] | area_magnitude = 1 E10 | area_km2 = 10,908 | area_sq_mi = 4,212 | percent_water = 1.0<ref>{{cite web|title=Water percentage in Kosovo (Facts about Kosovo; 2011 Agriculture Statistics)|url=http://ask.rks-gov.net/|publisher=Kosovo Agency of Statistics, KAS|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829035712/http://ask.rks-gov.net/|archivedate=29 August 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | population_estimate = 1.809.280<ref name=Demographics2015>{{cite web|title=Demographics of Kosovo (2016)|url=http://www.geoba.se/country.php?cc=XK&year=2018|website=Geoba.se|accessdate=2017-08-29|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2017-08-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810091013/http://www.geoba.se/country.php?cc=XK&year=2018|dead-url=yes}}</ref> | population_estimate_year = 2019 | population_census_year = 2011 | population_density_km2 = 159 | population_density_sq_mi = 412 | GDP_PPP_year = 2017 | GDP_PPP = $22.41 billion<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://ask.rks-gov.net/media/3965/bruto-produkti-vendor-tm4-2017.pdf |access-date=2018-07-29 |archive-date=2018-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180404201824/http://ask.rks-gov.net/media/3965/bruto-produkti-vendor-tm4-2017.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $12,003<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://ask.rks-gov.net/media/3965/bruto-produkti-vendor-tm4-2017.pdf |access-date=2018-07-29 |archive-date=2018-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180404201824/http://ask.rks-gov.net/media/3965/bruto-produkti-vendor-tm4-2017.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> | GDP_nominal_year = 2017 | GDP_nominal = $7.73 billion<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://ask.rks-gov.net/media/3965/bruto-produkti-vendor-tm4-2017.pdf |access-date=2018-07-29 |archive-date=2018-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180404201824/http://ask.rks-gov.net/media/3965/bruto-produkti-vendor-tm4-2017.pdf |dead-url=yes }}</ref> | GDP_nominal_rank = | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $4,140<ref>http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD</ref> | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = | Gini_year = FY2005/2006 | Gini_change = <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | Gini = 30.0 <!--number only--> | Gini_ref = <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2172rank.html |title=Distribution of family income&nbsp;– Gini index |work=The World Factbook |publisher=CIA |accessdate=31 August 2014 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604005151/http://www.forbes.com/feeds/afx/2007/06/12/afx3810988.html |archivedate=4 June 2011 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Ksoro | Gini_rank = 121 | HDI_year = 2013 | HDI_change = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady--> | HDI = 0.786 <!--number only--> | HDI_ref = <ref>{{cite web|title=Kosovo Human Development Report 2014|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/khdr2014english.pdf|publisher=Swiss Cooperation Office Kosovo|accessdate=4 July 2015|format=PDF|date=2014|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150430165413/http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/khdr2014english.pdf|archivedate=30 April 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | HDI_rank = | currency = [[Euro]] ([[Euro sign|€]])<sup>d</sup> | currency_code = EUR | time_zone = [[Central European Time|CET]] | utc_offset = +1 | time_zone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]] | utc_offset_DST = +2 | drives_on = [[Right- and left-hand traffic|right]] | calling_code = [[Telephone numbers in Kosovo|+383]]<sup>e</sup> | iso3166code = XK <!--<sup>f</sup>--> | established_event1 = [[Kosovo Vilayet]] | established_date1 = 1877 | established_event2 = [[Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo|Autonomous Province]] | established_date2 = 31 January 1946 | established_event3 = [[Republic of Kosova]] | established_date3 = 2 July 1990 | established_event4 = [[UN Security Council Resolution 1244|UNSCR 1244]] | established_date4 = 10 June 1999 | established_event5 = [[United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo|UN Administration]] | established_date5 = June 1999 | established_event6 = [[2008 Kosovo declaration of independence|Declaration of independence]] | established_date6 = 17 February 2008 | established_event7 = [[International Steering Group for Kosovo|End of Steering Group supervision]] | established_date7 = 10 September 2012 | established_event8 = [[Brussels Agreement (2013)|Brussels Agreement]] | established_date8 = 19 April 2013 | footnote_a = [[Pristina]] is the capital and [[Prizren]] is the historic capital of Kosovo.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://telegrafi.com/miratohet-ligji-per-prishtinen-prizreni-kryeqytet-historik/|title=Miratohet Ligji për Prishtinën, Prizreni kryeqytet historik|trans-title=Is Approved: The Law for Prishtina, Prizren, the historic capital|language=Albanian|publisher=[[Telegrafi]]|date=17 May 2018}}</ref> | footnote_b = 2014 estimate. A new estimate has been added in order to give a more correct GDP per capita. | footnote_c = Preliminary results of 2011 census, which excluded four northern Serb-majority municipalities where it could not be carried out. | footnote_d = Adopted unilaterally; Kosovo is not a formal member of the [[eurozone]]. | footnote_e = Assigned 15 December 2016 to Kosovo by ITU.<ref>[https://www.itu.int/itudoc/itu-t/ob-lists/icc/e164_763.pdf LIST OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATION E.164 ASSIGNED COUNTRY CODES] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208080338/http://www.itu.int/itudoc/itu-t/ob-lists/icc/e164_763.pdf |date=8 December 2017 }}</ref> [[+381]] was previously used for fixed lines. Kosovo-licensed mobile-phone providers used [[Telephone numbers in Monaco|+377]] (Monaco) or [[Telephone numbers in Slovenia|+386]] (Slovenia) instead. | footnote_f = XK is a "user assigned" ISO 3166 code not designated by the standard, but used by the [[European Commission]], [[Switzerland]], the [[Deutsche Bundesbank]] and other organisations. }} [[File:Flag_of_Kosovo.svg|thumb|]] [[File:Prishtina_seen_from_Mother_Theresa_Cathedral.jpg|thumb|right|500px|]] [[File:Skanderbeg_Monument_(Pristina)_1.jpg|thumb|right|500px|]] [[File:Panorama_of_Prishtina.JPG|thumb|right|500px|]] '''Kosofo''' ama '''Jamhuuriyadda Kosofo''', ([[Af-Albanian]]: Republika e Kosovës; [[Af-Serbian]]: Република Косово). Xilligan, Jamhuuriyadda [[Kosovo]] waxaa aqoonsan 93 ka mid ah 193 xubnood oo [[UN]] ka ah.<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Ghana-withdraws-recognition-of-Kosovo-as-independent-state-798367 |access-date=2019-11-12 |archive-date=2019-12-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222224242/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Ghana-withdraws-recognition-of-Kosovo-as-independent-state-798367 |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=http://rs.n1info.com/English/NEWS/a546106/Dacic-says-95-countries-do-not-recognise-Kosovo-as-state-after-Nauru-s-withdrawal.html |access-date=2019-12-08 |archive-date=2020-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513073923/http://rs.n1info.com/English/NEWS/a546106/Dacic-says-95-countries-do-not-recognise-Kosovo-as-state-after-Nauru-s-withdrawal.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://kossev.info/dacic-togo-is-the-15th-country-to-annul-its-recognition-of-kosovo-we-ll-keep-going-until-they-realize-that-they-have-to-compromise/ |access-date=2019-09-07 |archive-date=2019-08-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826205356/https://kossev.info/dacic-togo-is-the-15th-country-to-annul-its-recognition-of-kosovo-we-ll-keep-going-until-they-realize-that-they-have-to-compromise/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> [[Dowladda Serbia]] uma aqoonsana Kosovo inay tahay dowlad madaxbanaan, laakiin waxay bilowday xiriir caadi ah oo ay la laheyd [[dowlada Kosovo]], si kastaba ha noqotee, si waafaqsan [[Heshiiska Brussels]]. Heshiiska ayaa la soo gabagabeeyey 19 Abriil 2013.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/30/serbia-kosovo-historic-agreement-brussels</ref> ==Xubin== * [[Qaramada Midoobay]] * [[CEFTA]] ==Daadka degaan Kosovo== * {{Flag|Albania}}: 3,000+ * {{Flag|Turkey}}: 3,000+ Magaalo madax: [[Pristina]] Madaxweyne: Hashim Thaçi lacagta: [[Euro]], [[Serbian dinar]] dadka: * -ayaga oo damaantooda: 1 859 203 (2014) * -albanian: 88 % * -serbian: 7 % * -muslimiin: 1,7 % * -turkish: 1 % ==Sido Kale fiiri== * [[Bosniya]] * [[Turkey]] {{Dalalka Yurub}} [[Category:Yurub]] 8g4izibx3udt8tqyesu5zsygcmjojcg 0 5464 275593 272497 2025-06-11T06:19:45Z 50.20.127.150 Maaya xii, maaya xuu, maaya xaa, maaya xaaxaa 275593 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country |conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka ee Baraasil |common_name = Brazil |native_name = |image_flag = Flag of Brazil.svg |alt_flag = |image_coat = Coat of arms of Brazil.svg |alt_coat = |symbol_type = Coat of arms |other_symbol = {{vunblist |''[[National Seal of Brazil|Selo Nacional do Brasil]]'' |{{small|National Seal of Brazil}} |[[File:National Seal of Brazil (color).svg|100px|link=National Seal of Brazil]]}} |other_symbol_type = [[Seal (emblem)|National seal]] |national_motto = {{vunblist |{{native phrase|pt|Ordem e Progresso|italics=on|nolink=on}} |{{small|({{lang-en|"Order and Progress"}})}}}} |national_anthem = {{vunblist|"[[Brazilian National Anthem|Hino Nacional Brasileiro]]"|{{small|({{lang-en|"Brazilian National Anthem"}})}} |<br /><center>[[File:Hino-Nacional-Brasil-instrumental-mec.ogg|noicon|center]]</center>}} ---- {{vunblist |'''Flag anthem:'''|"[[Brazilian Flag Anthem|Hino à Bandeira Nacional]]"<ref name="HinoBandeira">{{cite web|url=http://www.eb.mil.br/web/midia-eletronica/hino-a-bandeira-nacional |title=Hino à Bandeira Nacional |author=Exército Brasileiro |language=Portuguese |accessdate=29 January 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222123948/http://www.eb.mil.br/web/midia-eletronica/hino-a-bandeira-nacional |archivedate=22 February 2014 |df= }}</ref>|{{small|({{lang-en|"National Flag Anthem"}})}}|<br /><center>[[File:Brazilian Flag Anthem (Brazilian Army).ogg]]</center>}} |image_map = BRA orthographic.svg |alt_map = |map_caption = {{map caption |location_color=dark green |region=[[South America]] |region_color= grey }} |capital = [[Brasília]] |coordinates = {{Coord|15|47|S|47|52|W|type:city}} |largest_city = [[São Paulo]]<br>{{small|{{coord|23|33|S|46|38|W|display=inline}}}} |languages_type = Official language<br />{{nobold|and national language}} |languages = [[Luuqada:Af-Boortaqiis|Af-Boortaqiis]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Demographics |publisher=Brazilian Government |url=http://www.brasil.gov.br/sobre/brazil/brazil-in-numbers/demographics |accessdate=8 October 2011 |archivedate=17 November 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111117051415/http://www.brasil.gov.br/sobre/brazil/brazil-in-numbers/demographics}}</ref> |ethnic_groups = {{vunblist |47.73% [[Dadka Cad|Caddaan]] |{{nowrap|43.13% Dhafan}} |7.61% [[Dadka Madoow]] |1.09% [[Dadka Aasiya]] |0.43% [[Dadka asaliga ah]] }} |ethnic_groups_year = 2010 |ethnic_groups_ref = <ref name="raca2010">{{cite web |url=http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/censo2010/caracteristicas_da_populacao/tabelas_pdf/tab3.pdf |title=Caracteristicas da População e dos Domicílios do Censo Demográfico 2010 – Cor ou raça |format=PDF |accessdate=7 April 2012}}</ref> |demonym = Brazilian |government_type = [[Federalism|Federal]] madaxweynenimo dastuur [[jamhuuriya]] |leader_title1 = [[Madaxweyne]] |leader_name1 = [[Lula da Silva]] |leader_title2 = Madaxweyne ku xigeenka |leader_name2 = Geraldo Alckmin |leader_title3 = {{nowrap|[[President of the Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Madaxweynaha Rugta Wakiilada]]}} |leader_name3 = [[Arthur Lira]] |leader_title4 = [[President of the Federal Senate (Brazil)|Madaxweynaha Guurtida Federaalka]] |leader_name4 = {{nowrap|[[Rodrigo Pacheco]]}} |leader_title5 = [[Supreme Federal Court (Brazil)#President|Madaxweynaha maxkamada sare]] |leader_name5 = [[Luís Roberto Barroso]] |legislature = [[National Congress of Brazil|National Congress]] |upper_house = [[Federal Senate]] |lower_house = [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Chamber of Deputies]] |sovereignty_type = [[Independence of Brazil|Independence]] |sovereignty_note = from the [[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves]] |established_event1 = [[Brazilian Independence|Declared]] |established_date1 = 7 September 1822 |established_event2 = [[Treaty of Rio de Janeiro (1825)|Recognized]] |established_date2 = 29 August 1825 |established_event3 = [[Proclamation of the Republic (Brazil)|Republic]] |established_date3 = 15 November 1889 |established_event4 = [[Treaty of Petrópolis]] |established_date4 = 11 November 1903 |established_event5 = [[Constitution of Brazil|Current constitution]] |established_date5 = 5 October 1988 |area_km2 = 8515767 |area_label = Total |area_rank = 5th |area_sq_mi = 3287597 |percent_water = 0.65 |population_estimate = 209,129,000<ref>[http://www.ibge.gov.br/apps/populacao/projecao/index.html "Brazil"]. IBGE population estimates.</ref> |population_estimate_year = 2018 |population_estimate_rank = 6th |population_density_km2 = 25 |population_density_sq_mi = 63 |population_density_rank = 199th |GDP_PPP = $3.389 tiriliyan<ref name="World Economic Outlook">{{cite web|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=87&pr.y=4&sy=2016&ey=2023&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=273%2C223%2C156%2C924%2C922%2C132%2C134%2C534%2C536%2C136%2C186%2C158%2C112%2C542%2C111&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|website=www.imf.org|publisher=International Monetary Fund|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> |GDP_PPP_year = 2018 |GDP_PPP_rank = 8th |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $16,199<ref name="World Economic Outlook"/> |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 81th |GDP_nominal = $2.139 tiriliyan<ref name="World Economic Outlook"/> |GDP_nominal_year = 2018 |GDP_nominal_rank = 9th |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $10,224<ref name="World Economic Outlook"/> |GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 65th }} [[File:Petrobras_horizontal_logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Centro_do_Rio_visto_do_museu_chácara_do_céu.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Moqueca.jpg|Thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Aerea2_maracana.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] Dalka '''Baraasil''' oo loogu dhawaaqo '''República Federativa do Brasil''' waa dal ka soo jeeda bortaqiis, waa dalka shanaad ee ugu balaadhan aduunka, koofurta Amerika iyo dhammaan qaarada laatiin Amerikaba. Dalka Baraasil waxaa dhinaca bari ka marta badda [[Badweynta Atlaantik]], oo leh xeeb dhererkeedu tahay 7,491km. Wuxuuna xuduud kala leeyahay dhinaca waqooyi dalka [[Fanansuwela]], [[Guyana]], [[Surinam]] iyo French Guiana. Dhinaca waqooyi galbeedna waxaa dalka Baraasil xuduud uu kala leeyahay daka [[Kolombiya]]. Galbeedna waxaa kaga beegan [[Booliifiya]] iyo [[Peru]]. Sidoo kale dhinaca koofur barina waxuu xuduud kala wadaagaa dalalka [[Arjantiina]], iyo [[Paraguay]], halka waqooyi uu ka xiga dalka Urugway. Waxaa la odhan karaa dalka brazil dhammaan xuduud ayuu la leeyahay wadamada waqooyiga marka laga tago [[Ikwadoor]] iyo [[Jili]]. Dhaqaalaha wadanka Baraasil waa wadanka todobaad waxaana door libaax leh ka ciyaaray in dhaqaalaha uu kobco (Brazil’s national development bank (BNDES)), xagga wax iibsiga waa wadanka todobaad Marka laga hadlayo wax soo soorka KAFEEGA waa wadanka ugu weyn ee soo saara Kafeega 150kii sano ee u danbeeyay. Waxey kaloo kordhiyeen joogitaanka suuqyada maaliyadeed iyo badeecooyin waxeyna nasiib u heleen in ay Brazil ay noqoto suuqa afaraad ee ugu weyn baabuurta caalamka. iyo Liinta. Dalka Baraasil ayaa wax dhoofinta caalamka kaga jira darajada 23aad. Dalka Brazil waa wadanka 2aad dhinaca garoonka diyaaradaha waxaa ka horeeya mareykanka kaliya . Wuxuu leeyahay Garoono waaweyn oo aad u mashquul badan ku dhawaad 20 milyan oo rakaab ah ayaa sanad walba isticmaala garoonada Brazil. Dhinaca diinta dadka heysta diinta CATHOLICS dalka Baraasil waa 123 million celecelis ahaana waa 64% .waa dadka ugu badan ee heysta diinta catholics hoos ka eeg heerka dadka heysta diimaha dalka Brazil. Ciidanka Baraasil waa ciidanka ugu balaadhan [[Latin Ameerika|Laatiin Amerika]] waxeyna ka kooban yihiin: Brazilian Army, Brazilian Navy iyo Brazilian Air Force waxeyna guud ahaan yihiin 317,199 oo ah kuwa shaqeeya . Ku darso oo waxey kaloo leeyihiin ciidan loogu yeedho Military police iyo ciidan kale oo loo yaqaan green water Magaca Brazil wuxuu asal ahaan ka yimid ama ka soo jedaa nuuc ka mid ah geedaha ka bixi jiray Xeebaha wadankaasi waxaana loo yaqaan brazilwood. Dadka boortaqiiska waxey odhan jireen ''pau-brasil.'' Dalka Baraasil waxa uu ka kooban yahay 26 gobal iyagoo isugu yimaada Federaal, dhammaan gobalada waxey isugu jiraan gobolo isbaheystay si juquraafi ah. Nidaamka caafimaadka dadweynaha Baraasil ayaa loo yaqaan Nidaamka caafimaadka qaranka, waxaa maamula oo bixiya dhammaan dowlada waana wax ay u siman yihiin dadweynaha muwaadiniinta ah si lacag la’aan ah. Walow ay jiraan meelo kale oo si gaar ah loo leeyahay. Dhinaca musuqa ee xeebaha brazil waxaa lagu sheegaa 41 bilyan oo dollar sanadkii waana 69.9% waxeyna wadamada musuqa caalamka kaga jirtaa kaalinta 69aad. Sida laga soo xigtay dowlada Baraasil waxaa jira dhibaatooyin caafimaada oo ay ugu daran yihiin: * Dhimashada caruurta dalka Baraasil waxey gaadhaa 2.51% ilaa 3.77% meelaha ugu badana waa gobalada ku yaala waqooyi bari. * Dhimashada hooyada uurka leh waa 73.1% marka 100 kun oo caruur ahba dhashaan * Dhimashada xanuunada leys qaadsiiyo ayaa ah 151.7 dhimasho 100.000 waxaana sababa xanuuno ku dhaca wadnaha,cudurada wareega dhiigga,oo ay wehliso kuwa keena kansarka, iyo kuwa kale oo ku dhinta sababo ka baxsan kuwa aan soo sheegay sida ( shilalka gaadiidka,rabshadaha,iyo is miidaaminta ) * Sanadkii 2002 Brazil waxey xisaabisay in 40% xaalado cudarka duumada Amerika in ay ku haybsatay,ku dhawaad 99% in ay yihiin gobalka LEGAL AMAZON. '''''DHINACA SAXAAFADA''''' Dalka Brazil wargeyskii ugu horeeyay waxaa la aasaasay sanadkii 1808dii waxaana laga aasaasay magaalo madaxda wadanka ee RIO DE JANERIO magacii ugu horeeyay uu yeesho wargeyskaa ayaa ahaa THE GAZETA isagoo nuqulkii u horeeyay uu soo baxay bishii september 1808 dii .Dhinaca idaacadda waxaa markii u horeysay dalka Brazil laga hirgeliyay 7dii bishii sebtember sanadkii 1922kii. Waxaana ku xigay sanadkii 1923kii oo la furay idaacadii 2aad oo la odhan jiray radio Society of Riode Janeiro. Dhinaca Talefeshinka waxaa ugu horeeyay si rasmi ah 18kii september sanadkii 1950 waxaana la odhan jiray TV TUPI. Dalka brazil waa dal ka mid ah kuwa aadka loo booqdo marka laga hadlayo dalxiisyaal sadax sano ka hor dadka booqday waxey gaadhayeen 5 milyan oo booqdayaal waxeyna dadkaasi badankood ka yimaadaan Koofurta ameica lacagta sanadkaa ay ka heleen waxey dhameyd 6 bilion oo doolar . Luqadda rasmiga ah ee looga hadlo Brazil waa waa bortaqiis.waana wadanka kaliya ee ku hadla qaarada America , xitaa dhaqanka waa dhaqanka boortaqiiska sababtoo ah xidhiidh xoog leh iyo gumeysigii boortaqiiska ayaa sameyn ku yeeshay. Xagga wax beerashada dalka Barazil dhul ahaan wuxuu beertaa 65,338,000 hektar lacagta ka soo baxda ayaa lagu qiyaasaa sanad kasta 148 billion oo doolar '''CIYAARAHA''' Dalka Brazil ciyaarta ugu caansan waa ciyaarta kubbadda cagta, wuxuu koob adduun ku guleystay shan jeer .markii ugu horeysay ee ay koob aduun ku guuleystaan teemkii ka socday Barzil waxey aheyd 1958, waxaa ku xigay 1962, waxaa ku xigay 1970, waxaa ku xigay 1994, waxaana ugu danbeeyay 2002 . sidoo kale mar ayey marti geliyeen koob aduun waana sanadkii 1950kii , waxeyna mar kale martigelin doonaan isla sanadkan 2014. dalkaasi brazil ciyaartoy caalamka caan ka noqotay ayaa ka soo baxday sida ninka Loo boqray ee dhaamanka madow Boqorka Kubadda cagta '''PELE''', sidoo kale waxaa ka soo baxay'''Garrincha,Ronaldo,Roberto carlos,Romario, Ronaldinho,Kaka iyo Neymar.''' ==Xubin== * [[AIIB]].:• * [[IMF]].:•* * [[Mercosur]].:•* * [[Bankiga Aduunka]].:•* * [[Kooxda Labaatanka]].:•* *` * [[Qaramada Midoobay]].:•* *` ==Waddnamha Le Deggan Brasiil== * {{Flag|Brazil}} 250,000,000++: * {{Flag|Portugal}} 200,000+• <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/l/Latin_America.ht {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/l/Latin_America.htm |date=20220901041048 }}</ref>. * {{Flag|France}}: 2000+ <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/p/People%2527s_Republic_of_China.htm {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/p/People%2527s_Republic_of_China.htm |date=20220722083009 }}</ref>]. <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/s/Soviet_Union.htm {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/s/Soviet_Union.htm |date=20220920163107 }}</ref>• Brazil waa wadan aad u dhaqda lo’da una iibgeeya suuqyada caalamiga ah sanadkii 2005 waxaa la diiwaan geliyay 28 milyan oo neef oo lo ah in la qalay, halka guud ahaana lagu sheegay sanadkasi in 87 milyan oo neef ay haatan diyaar yihiin. Taasi oo ku tuseysa in Brazil ay lo badani joogto , sidoo kale waxaa ku yaala keymo waaweyn. kala badh dalka Brazil waxaa daboola keymo loo yaqaan Amazon ,qaybaha korinta xoolaha iyo beerista Sisinta, qasabka sonkorta, bariiska, tubaakada iyo dhuxusha dhammaan wey beertaan reer Brazil. Dhinaca caruurta la adoonsado dalka Brazil waa meelha caalamka uu weli uu aad uga jiro , waana wadanka sedexaad ee caruurta la adoonsado waxaa ka horeeya oo kaliya '''Hindiya''', iyo ''Bangladesh''.!!’?’! Brazil 91% baabuurta taal waa cusab. ==Sido kale fiiri== * [https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g201312/visit-to-brazil/ A Visit to Brazil] * [[brazil]]'' * [[mexico]]'' * [[Paraguay]] ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} {{Dalalka Ameerikada Koonfureed}} r6pak0orko9mxgik42j4ox8aipcl61j 275594 275593 2025-06-11T06:21:32Z 50.20.127.150 Remaa 275594 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country |conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka ee Baraasil |common_name = Brazil |native_name = |image_flag = Flag of Brazil.svg |alt_flag = |image_coat = Coat of arms of Brazil.svg |alt_coat = |symbol_type = Coat of arms |other_symbol = {{vunblist |''[[National Seal of Brazil|Selo Nacional do Brasil]]'' |{{small|National Seal of Brazil}} |[[File:National Seal of Brazil (color).svg|100px|link=National Seal of Brazil]]}} |other_symbol_type = [[Seal (emblem)|National seal]] |national_motto = {{vunblist |{{native phrase|pt|Ordem e Progresso|italics=on|nolink=on}} |{{small|({{lang-en|"Order and Progress"}})}}}} |national_anthem = {{vunblist|"[[Brazilian National Anthem|Hino Nacional Brasileiro]]"|{{small|({{lang-en|"Brazilian National Anthem"}})}} |<br /><center>[[File:Hino-Nacional-Brasil-instrumental-mec.ogg|noicon|center]]</center>}} ---- {{vunblist |'''Flag anthem:'''|"[[Brazilian Flag Anthem|Hino à Bandeira Nacional]]"<ref name="HinoBandeira">{{cite web|url=http://www.eb.mil.br/web/midia-eletronica/hino-a-bandeira-nacional |title=Hino à Bandeira Nacional |author=Exército Brasileiro |language=Portuguese |accessdate=29 January 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222123948/http://www.eb.mil.br/web/midia-eletronica/hino-a-bandeira-nacional |archivedate=22 February 2014 |df= }}</ref>|{{small|({{lang-en|"National Flag Anthem"}})}}|<br /><center>[[File:Brazilian Flag Anthem (Brazilian Army).ogg]]</center>}} |image_map = BRA orthographic.svg |alt_map = |map_caption = {{map caption |location_color=dark green |region=[[South America]] |region_color= grey }} |capital = [[Brasília]] |coordinates = {{Coord|15|47|S|47|52|W|type:city}} |largest_city = [[São Paulo]]<br>{{small|{{coord|23|33|S|46|38|W|display=inline}}}} |languages_type = Official language<br />{{nobold|and national language}} |languages = [[Luuqada:Af-Boortaqiis|Af-Boortaqiis]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Demographics |publisher=Brazilian Government |url=http://www.brasil.gov.br/sobre/brazil/brazil-in-numbers/demographics |accessdate=8 October 2011 |archivedate=17 November 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111117051415/http://www.brasil.gov.br/sobre/brazil/brazil-in-numbers/demographics}}</ref> |ethnic_groups = {{vunblist |47.73% [[Dadka Cad|Caddaan]] |{{nowrap|43.13% Dhafan}} |7.61% [[Dadka Madoow]] |1.09% [[Dadka Aasiya]] |0.43% [[Dadka asaliga ah]] }} |ethnic_groups_year = 2010 |ethnic_groups_ref = <ref name="raca2010">{{cite web |url=http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/censo2010/caracteristicas_da_populacao/tabelas_pdf/tab3.pdf |title=Caracteristicas da População e dos Domicílios do Censo Demográfico 2010 – Cor ou raça |format=PDF |accessdate=7 April 2012}}</ref> |demonym = Brazilian |government_type = [[Federalism|Federaal]] madaxweynenimo dastuur [[jamhuuriya]] |leader_title1 = [[Madaxweyne]] |leader_name1 = [[Lula da Silva]] |leader_title2 = Madaxweyne ku xigeenka |leader_name2 = Geraldo Alckmin |leader_title3 = {{nowrap|[[President of the Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Madaxweynaha Rugta Wakiilada]]}} |leader_name3 = [[Arthur Lira]] |leader_title4 = [[President of the Federal Senate (Brazil)|Madaxweynaha Guurtida Federaalka]] |leader_name4 = {{nowrap|[[Rodrigo Pacheco]]}} |leader_title5 = [[Supreme Federal Court (Brazil)#President|Madaxweynaha maxkamada sare]] |leader_name5 = [[Luís Roberto Barroso]] |legislature = [[National Congress of Brazil|National Congress]] |upper_house = [[Federal Senate]] |lower_house = [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Chamber of Deputies]] |sovereignty_type = [[Independence of Brazil|Independence]] |sovereignty_note = from the [[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves]] |established_event1 = [[Brazilian Independence|Declared]] |established_date1 = 7 September 1822 |established_event2 = [[Treaty of Rio de Janeiro (1825)|Recognized]] |established_date2 = 29 August 1825 |established_event3 = [[Proclamation of the Republic (Brazil)|Republic]] |established_date3 = 15 November 1889 |established_event4 = [[Treaty of Petrópolis]] |established_date4 = 11 November 1903 |established_event5 = [[Constitution of Brazil|Current constitution]] |established_date5 = 5 October 1988 |area_km2 = 8515767 |area_label = Total |area_rank = 5th |area_sq_mi = 3287597 |percent_water = 0.65 |population_estimate = 209,129,000<ref>[http://www.ibge.gov.br/apps/populacao/projecao/index.html "Brazil"]. IBGE population estimates.</ref> |population_estimate_year = 2018 |population_estimate_rank = 6th |population_density_km2 = 25 |population_density_sq_mi = 63 |population_density_rank = 199th |GDP_PPP = $3.389 tiriliyan<ref name="World Economic Outlook">{{cite web|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=87&pr.y=4&sy=2016&ey=2023&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=273%2C223%2C156%2C924%2C922%2C132%2C134%2C534%2C536%2C136%2C186%2C158%2C112%2C542%2C111&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|website=www.imf.org|publisher=International Monetary Fund|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> |GDP_PPP_year = 2018 |GDP_PPP_rank = 8th |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $16,199<ref name="World Economic Outlook"/> |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 81th |GDP_nominal = $2.139 tiriliyan<ref name="World Economic Outlook"/> |GDP_nominal_year = 2018 |GDP_nominal_rank = 9th |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $10,224<ref name="World Economic Outlook"/> |GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 65th }} [[File:Petrobras_horizontal_logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Centro_do_Rio_visto_do_museu_chácara_do_céu.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Moqueca.jpg|Thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Aerea2_maracana.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] Dalka '''Baraasil''' oo loogu dhawaaqo '''República Federativa do Brasil''' waa dal ka soo jeeda bortaqiis, waa dalka shanaad ee ugu balaadhan aduunka, koofurta Amerika iyo dhammaan qaarada laatiin Amerikaba. Dalka Baraasil waxaa dhinaca bari ka marta badda [[Badweynta Atlaantik]], oo leh xeeb dhererkeedu tahay 7,491km. Wuxuuna xuduud kala leeyahay dhinaca waqooyi dalka [[Fanansuwela]], [[Guyana]], [[Surinam]] iyo French Guiana. Dhinaca waqooyi galbeedna waxaa dalka Baraasil xuduud uu kala leeyahay daka [[Kolombiya]]. Galbeedna waxaa kaga beegan [[Booliifiya]] iyo [[Peru]]. Sidoo kale dhinaca koofur barina waxuu xuduud kala wadaagaa dalalka [[Arjantiina]], iyo [[Paraguay]], halka waqooyi uu ka xiga dalka Urugway. Waxaa la odhan karaa dalka brazil dhammaan xuduud ayuu la leeyahay wadamada waqooyiga marka laga tago [[Ikwadoor]] iyo [[Jili]]. Dhaqaalaha wadanka Baraasil waa wadanka todobaad waxaana door libaax leh ka ciyaaray in dhaqaalaha uu kobco (Brazil’s national development bank (BNDES)), xagga wax iibsiga waa wadanka todobaad Marka laga hadlayo wax soo soorka KAFEEGA waa wadanka ugu weyn ee soo saara Kafeega 150kii sano ee u danbeeyay. Waxey kaloo kordhiyeen joogitaanka suuqyada maaliyadeed iyo badeecooyin waxeyna nasiib u heleen in ay Brazil ay noqoto suuqa afaraad ee ugu weyn baabuurta caalamka. iyo Liinta. Dalka Baraasil ayaa wax dhoofinta caalamka kaga jira darajada 23aad. Dalka Brazil waa wadanka 2aad dhinaca garoonka diyaaradaha waxaa ka horeeya mareykanka kaliya . Wuxuu leeyahay Garoono waaweyn oo aad u mashquul badan ku dhawaad 20 milyan oo rakaab ah ayaa sanad walba isticmaala garoonada Brazil. Dhinaca diinta dadka heysta diinta CATHOLICS dalka Baraasil waa 123 million celecelis ahaana waa 64% .waa dadka ugu badan ee heysta diinta catholics hoos ka eeg heerka dadka heysta diimaha dalka Brazil. Ciidanka Baraasil waa ciidanka ugu balaadhan [[Latin Ameerika|Laatiin Amerika]] waxeyna ka kooban yihiin: Brazilian Army, Brazilian Navy iyo Brazilian Air Force waxeyna guud ahaan yihiin 317,199 oo ah kuwa shaqeeya . Ku darso oo waxey kaloo leeyihiin ciidan loogu yeedho Military police iyo ciidan kale oo loo yaqaan green water Magaca Brazil wuxuu asal ahaan ka yimid ama ka soo jedaa nuuc ka mid ah geedaha ka bixi jiray Xeebaha wadankaasi waxaana loo yaqaan brazilwood. Dadka boortaqiiska waxey odhan jireen ''pau-brasil.'' Dalka Baraasil waxa uu ka kooban yahay 26 gobal iyagoo isugu yimaada Federaal, dhammaan gobalada waxey isugu jiraan gobolo isbaheystay si juquraafi ah. Nidaamka caafimaadka dadweynaha Baraasil ayaa loo yaqaan Nidaamka caafimaadka qaranka, waxaa maamula oo bixiya dhammaan dowlada waana wax ay u siman yihiin dadweynaha muwaadiniinta ah si lacag la’aan ah. Walow ay jiraan meelo kale oo si gaar ah loo leeyahay. Dhinaca musuqa ee xeebaha brazil waxaa lagu sheegaa 41 bilyan oo dollar sanadkii waana 69.9% waxeyna wadamada musuqa caalamka kaga jirtaa kaalinta 69aad. Sida laga soo xigtay dowlada Baraasil waxaa jira dhibaatooyin caafimaada oo ay ugu daran yihiin: * Dhimashada caruurta dalka Baraasil waxey gaadhaa 2.51% ilaa 3.77% meelaha ugu badana waa gobalada ku yaala waqooyi bari. * Dhimashada hooyada uurka leh waa 73.1% marka 100 kun oo caruur ahba dhashaan * Dhimashada xanuunada leys qaadsiiyo ayaa ah 151.7 dhimasho 100.000 waxaana sababa xanuuno ku dhaca wadnaha,cudurada wareega dhiigga,oo ay wehliso kuwa keena kansarka, iyo kuwa kale oo ku dhinta sababo ka baxsan kuwa aan soo sheegay sida ( shilalka gaadiidka,rabshadaha,iyo is miidaaminta ) * Sanadkii 2002 Brazil waxey xisaabisay in 40% xaalado cudarka duumada Amerika in ay ku haybsatay,ku dhawaad 99% in ay yihiin gobalka LEGAL AMAZON. '''''DHINACA SAXAAFADA''''' Dalka Brazil wargeyskii ugu horeeyay waxaa la aasaasay sanadkii 1808dii waxaana laga aasaasay magaalo madaxda wadanka ee RIO DE JANERIO magacii ugu horeeyay uu yeesho wargeyskaa ayaa ahaa THE GAZETA isagoo nuqulkii u horeeyay uu soo baxay bishii september 1808 dii .Dhinaca idaacadda waxaa markii u horeysay dalka Brazil laga hirgeliyay 7dii bishii sebtember sanadkii 1922kii. Waxaana ku xigay sanadkii 1923kii oo la furay idaacadii 2aad oo la odhan jiray radio Society of Riode Janeiro. Dhinaca Talefeshinka waxaa ugu horeeyay si rasmi ah 18kii september sanadkii 1950 waxaana la odhan jiray TV TUPI. Dalka brazil waa dal ka mid ah kuwa aadka loo booqdo marka laga hadlayo dalxiisyaal sadax sano ka hor dadka booqday waxey gaadhayeen 5 milyan oo booqdayaal waxeyna dadkaasi badankood ka yimaadaan Koofurta ameica lacagta sanadkaa ay ka heleen waxey dhameyd 6 bilion oo doolar . Luqadda rasmiga ah ee looga hadlo Brazil waa waa bortaqiis.waana wadanka kaliya ee ku hadla qaarada America , xitaa dhaqanka waa dhaqanka boortaqiiska sababtoo ah xidhiidh xoog leh iyo gumeysigii boortaqiiska ayaa sameyn ku yeeshay. Xagga wax beerashada dalka Barazil dhul ahaan wuxuu beertaa 65,338,000 hektar lacagta ka soo baxda ayaa lagu qiyaasaa sanad kasta 148 billion oo doolar '''CIYAARAHA''' Dalka Brazil ciyaarta ugu caansan waa ciyaarta kubbadda cagta, wuxuu koob adduun ku guleystay shan jeer .markii ugu horeysay ee ay koob aduun ku guuleystaan teemkii ka socday Barzil waxey aheyd 1958, waxaa ku xigay 1962, waxaa ku xigay 1970, waxaa ku xigay 1994, waxaana ugu danbeeyay 2002 . sidoo kale mar ayey marti geliyeen koob aduun waana sanadkii 1950kii , waxeyna mar kale martigelin doonaan isla sanadkan 2014. dalkaasi brazil ciyaartoy caalamka caan ka noqotay ayaa ka soo baxday sida ninka Loo boqray ee dhaamanka madow Boqorka Kubadda cagta '''PELE''', sidoo kale waxaa ka soo baxay'''Garrincha,Ronaldo,Roberto carlos,Romario, Ronaldinho,Kaka iyo Neymar.''' ==Xubin== * [[AIIB]].:• * [[IMF]].:•* * [[Mercosur]].:•* * [[Bankiga Aduunka]].:•* * [[Kooxda Labaatanka]].:•* *` * [[Qaramada Midoobay]].:•* *` ==Waddnamha Le Deggan Brasiil== * {{Flag|Brazil}} 250,000,000++: * {{Flag|Portugal}} 200,000+• <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/l/Latin_America.ht {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/l/Latin_America.htm |date=20220901041048 }}</ref>. * {{Flag|France}}: 2000+ <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/p/People%2527s_Republic_of_China.htm {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/p/People%2527s_Republic_of_China.htm |date=20220722083009 }}</ref>]. <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/s/Soviet_Union.htm {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/s/Soviet_Union.htm |date=20220920163107 }}</ref>• Brazil waa wadan aad u dhaqda lo’da una iibgeeya suuqyada caalamiga ah sanadkii 2005 waxaa la diiwaan geliyay 28 milyan oo neef oo lo ah in la qalay, halka guud ahaana lagu sheegay sanadkasi in 87 milyan oo neef ay haatan diyaar yihiin. Taasi oo ku tuseysa in Brazil ay lo badani joogto , sidoo kale waxaa ku yaala keymo waaweyn. kala badh dalka Brazil waxaa daboola keymo loo yaqaan Amazon ,qaybaha korinta xoolaha iyo beerista Sisinta, qasabka sonkorta, bariiska, tubaakada iyo dhuxusha dhammaan wey beertaan reer Brazil. Dhinaca caruurta la adoonsado dalka Brazil waa meelha caalamka uu weli uu aad uga jiro , waana wadanka sedexaad ee caruurta la adoonsado waxaa ka horeeya oo kaliya '''Hindiya''', iyo ''Bangladesh''.!!’?’! Brazil 91% baabuurta taal waa cusab. ==Sido kale fiiri== * [https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g201312/visit-to-brazil/ A Visit to Brazil] * [[brazil]]'' * [[mexico]]'' * [[Paraguay]] ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} {{Dalalka Ameerikada Koonfureed}} pdxrfmqih2mc1h0u2ixjplk7gtw0tpw 275595 275594 2025-06-11T06:23:10Z 50.20.127.150 afwiga 275595 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country |conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka ee Baraasil |common_name = Brazil |native_name = |image_flag = Flag of Brazil.svg |alt_flag = |image_coat = Coat of arms of Brazil.svg |alt_coat = |symbol_type = Coat of arms |other_symbol = {{vunblist |''[[National Seal of Brazil|Selo Nacional do Brasil]]'' |{{small|National Seal of Brazil}} |[[File:National Seal of Brazil (color).svg|100px|link=National Seal of Brazil]]}} |other_symbol_type = [[Seal (emblem)|National seal]] |national_motto = {{vunblist |{{native phrase|pt|Ordem e Progresso|italics=on|nolink=on}} |{{small|({{lang-en|"Order and Progress"}})}}}} |national_anthem = {{vunblist|"[[Brazilian National Anthem|Hino Nacional Brasileiro]]"|{{small|({{lang-en|"Brazilian National Anthem"}})}} |<br /><center>[[File:Hino-Nacional-Brasil-instrumental-mec.ogg|noicon|center]]</center>}} ---- {{vunblist |'''Flag anthem:'''|"[[Brazilian Flag Anthem|Hino à Bandeira Nacional]]"<ref name="HinoBandeira">{{cite web|url=http://www.eb.mil.br/web/midia-eletronica/hino-a-bandeira-nacional |title=Hino à Bandeira Nacional |author=Exército Brasileiro |language=Portuguese |accessdate=29 January 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222123948/http://www.eb.mil.br/web/midia-eletronica/hino-a-bandeira-nacional |archivedate=22 February 2014 |df= }}</ref>|{{small|({{lang-en|"National Flag Anthem"}})}}|<br /><center>[[File:Brazilian Flag Anthem (Brazilian Army).ogg]]</center>}} |image_map = BRA orthographic.svg |alt_map = |map_caption = {{map caption |location_color=dark green |region=[[South America]] |region_color= grey }} |capital = [[Brasília]] |coordinates = {{Coord|15|47|S|47|52|W|type:city}} |largest_city = [[São Paulo]]<br>{{small|{{coord|23|33|S|46|38|W|display=inline}}}} |languages_type = Official language<br />{{nobold|and national language}} |languages = [[Luuqada:Af-Boortaqiis|Af-Boortaqiis]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Demographics |publisher=Brazilian Government |url=http://www.brasil.gov.br/sobre/brazil/brazil-in-numbers/demographics |accessdate=8 October 2011 |archivedate=17 November 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111117051415/http://www.brasil.gov.br/sobre/brazil/brazil-in-numbers/demographics}}</ref> |ethnic_groups = {{vunblist |47.73% [[Dadka Cad|Caddaan]] |{{nowrap|43.13% Dhafan}} |7.61% [[Dadka Madoow]] |1.09% [[Dadka Aasiya]] |0.43% [[Dadka asaliga ah]] }} |ethnic_groups_year = 2010 |ethnic_groups_ref = <ref name="raca2010">{{cite web |url=http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/censo2010/caracteristicas_da_populacao/tabelas_pdf/tab3.pdf |title=Caracteristicas da População e dos Domicílios do Censo Demográfico 2010 – Cor ou raça |format=PDF |accessdate=7 April 2012}}</ref> |demonym = Brazilian |government_type = [[Federaaliisim|Federaal]] madaxweynenimo dastuur [[jamhuuriya]] |leader_title1 = [[Madaxweyne]] |leader_name1 = [[Lula da Silva]] |leader_title2 = Madaxweyne ku xigeenka |leader_name2 = Geraldo Alckmin |leader_title3 = {{nowrap|[[President of the Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Madaxweynaha Rugta Wakiilada]]}} |leader_name3 = [[Arthur Lira]] |leader_title4 = [[President of the Federal Senate (Brazil)|Madaxweynaha Guurtida Federaalka]] |leader_name4 = {{nowrap|[[Rodrigo Pacheco]]}} |leader_title5 = [[Supreme Federal Court (Brazil)#President|Madaxweynaha maxkamada sare]] |leader_name5 = [[Luís Roberto Barroso]] |legislature = [[National Congress of Brazil|National Congress]] |upper_house = [[Federal Senate]] |lower_house = [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Chamber of Deputies]] |sovereignty_type = [[Independence of Brazil|Independence]] |sovereignty_note = from the [[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves]] |established_event1 = [[Brazilian Independence|Declared]] |established_date1 = 7 September 1822 |established_event2 = [[Treaty of Rio de Janeiro (1825)|Recognized]] |established_date2 = 29 August 1825 |established_event3 = [[Proclamation of the Republic (Brazil)|Republic]] |established_date3 = 15 November 1889 |established_event4 = [[Treaty of Petrópolis]] |established_date4 = 11 November 1903 |established_event5 = [[Constitution of Brazil|Current constitution]] |established_date5 = 5 October 1988 |area_km2 = 8515767 |area_label = Total |area_rank = 5th |area_sq_mi = 3287597 |percent_water = 0.65 |population_estimate = 209,129,000<ref>[http://www.ibge.gov.br/apps/populacao/projecao/index.html "Brazil"]. IBGE population estimates.</ref> |population_estimate_year = 2018 |population_estimate_rank = 6th |population_density_km2 = 25 |population_density_sq_mi = 63 |population_density_rank = 199th |GDP_PPP = $3.389 tiriliyan<ref name="World Economic Outlook">{{cite web|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=87&pr.y=4&sy=2016&ey=2023&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=273%2C223%2C156%2C924%2C922%2C132%2C134%2C534%2C536%2C136%2C186%2C158%2C112%2C542%2C111&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|website=www.imf.org|publisher=International Monetary Fund|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> |GDP_PPP_year = 2018 |GDP_PPP_rank = 8th |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $16,199<ref name="World Economic Outlook"/> |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 81th |GDP_nominal = $2.139 tiriliyan<ref name="World Economic Outlook"/> |GDP_nominal_year = 2018 |GDP_nominal_rank = 9th |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $10,224<ref name="World Economic Outlook"/> |GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 65th }} [[File:Petrobras_horizontal_logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Centro_do_Rio_visto_do_museu_chácara_do_céu.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Moqueca.jpg|Thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Aerea2_maracana.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] Dalka '''Baraasil''' oo loogu dhawaaqo '''República Federativa do Brasil''' waa dal ka soo jeeda bortaqiis, waa dalka shanaad ee ugu balaadhan aduunka, koofurta Amerika iyo dhammaan qaarada laatiin Amerikaba. Dalka Baraasil waxaa dhinaca bari ka marta badda [[Badweynta Atlaantik]], oo leh xeeb dhererkeedu tahay 7,491km. Wuxuuna xuduud kala leeyahay dhinaca waqooyi dalka [[Fanansuwela]], [[Guyana]], [[Surinam]] iyo French Guiana. Dhinaca waqooyi galbeedna waxaa dalka Baraasil xuduud uu kala leeyahay daka [[Kolombiya]]. Galbeedna waxaa kaga beegan [[Booliifiya]] iyo [[Peru]]. Sidoo kale dhinaca koofur barina waxuu xuduud kala wadaagaa dalalka [[Arjantiina]], iyo [[Paraguay]], halka waqooyi uu ka xiga dalka Urugway. Waxaa la odhan karaa dalka brazil dhammaan xuduud ayuu la leeyahay wadamada waqooyiga marka laga tago [[Ikwadoor]] iyo [[Jili]]. Dhaqaalaha wadanka Baraasil waa wadanka todobaad waxaana door libaax leh ka ciyaaray in dhaqaalaha uu kobco (Brazil’s national development bank (BNDES)), xagga wax iibsiga waa wadanka todobaad Marka laga hadlayo wax soo soorka KAFEEGA waa wadanka ugu weyn ee soo saara Kafeega 150kii sano ee u danbeeyay. Waxey kaloo kordhiyeen joogitaanka suuqyada maaliyadeed iyo badeecooyin waxeyna nasiib u heleen in ay Brazil ay noqoto suuqa afaraad ee ugu weyn baabuurta caalamka. iyo Liinta. Dalka Baraasil ayaa wax dhoofinta caalamka kaga jira darajada 23aad. Dalka Brazil waa wadanka 2aad dhinaca garoonka diyaaradaha waxaa ka horeeya mareykanka kaliya . Wuxuu leeyahay Garoono waaweyn oo aad u mashquul badan ku dhawaad 20 milyan oo rakaab ah ayaa sanad walba isticmaala garoonada Brazil. Dhinaca diinta dadka heysta diinta CATHOLICS dalka Baraasil waa 123 million celecelis ahaana waa 64% .waa dadka ugu badan ee heysta diinta catholics hoos ka eeg heerka dadka heysta diimaha dalka Brazil. Ciidanka Baraasil waa ciidanka ugu balaadhan [[Latin Ameerika|Laatiin Amerika]] waxeyna ka kooban yihiin: Brazilian Army, Brazilian Navy iyo Brazilian Air Force waxeyna guud ahaan yihiin 317,199 oo ah kuwa shaqeeya . Ku darso oo waxey kaloo leeyihiin ciidan loogu yeedho Military police iyo ciidan kale oo loo yaqaan green water Magaca Brazil wuxuu asal ahaan ka yimid ama ka soo jedaa nuuc ka mid ah geedaha ka bixi jiray Xeebaha wadankaasi waxaana loo yaqaan brazilwood. Dadka boortaqiiska waxey odhan jireen ''pau-brasil.'' Dalka Baraasil waxa uu ka kooban yahay 26 gobal iyagoo isugu yimaada Federaal, dhammaan gobalada waxey isugu jiraan gobolo isbaheystay si juquraafi ah. Nidaamka caafimaadka dadweynaha Baraasil ayaa loo yaqaan Nidaamka caafimaadka qaranka, waxaa maamula oo bixiya dhammaan dowlada waana wax ay u siman yihiin dadweynaha muwaadiniinta ah si lacag la’aan ah. Walow ay jiraan meelo kale oo si gaar ah loo leeyahay. Dhinaca musuqa ee xeebaha brazil waxaa lagu sheegaa 41 bilyan oo dollar sanadkii waana 69.9% waxeyna wadamada musuqa caalamka kaga jirtaa kaalinta 69aad. Sida laga soo xigtay dowlada Baraasil waxaa jira dhibaatooyin caafimaada oo ay ugu daran yihiin: * Dhimashada caruurta dalka Baraasil waxey gaadhaa 2.51% ilaa 3.77% meelaha ugu badana waa gobalada ku yaala waqooyi bari. * Dhimashada hooyada uurka leh waa 73.1% marka 100 kun oo caruur ahba dhashaan * Dhimashada xanuunada leys qaadsiiyo ayaa ah 151.7 dhimasho 100.000 waxaana sababa xanuuno ku dhaca wadnaha,cudurada wareega dhiigga,oo ay wehliso kuwa keena kansarka, iyo kuwa kale oo ku dhinta sababo ka baxsan kuwa aan soo sheegay sida ( shilalka gaadiidka,rabshadaha,iyo is miidaaminta ) * Sanadkii 2002 Brazil waxey xisaabisay in 40% xaalado cudarka duumada Amerika in ay ku haybsatay,ku dhawaad 99% in ay yihiin gobalka LEGAL AMAZON. '''''DHINACA SAXAAFADA''''' Dalka Brazil wargeyskii ugu horeeyay waxaa la aasaasay sanadkii 1808dii waxaana laga aasaasay magaalo madaxda wadanka ee RIO DE JANERIO magacii ugu horeeyay uu yeesho wargeyskaa ayaa ahaa THE GAZETA isagoo nuqulkii u horeeyay uu soo baxay bishii september 1808 dii .Dhinaca idaacadda waxaa markii u horeysay dalka Brazil laga hirgeliyay 7dii bishii sebtember sanadkii 1922kii. Waxaana ku xigay sanadkii 1923kii oo la furay idaacadii 2aad oo la odhan jiray radio Society of Riode Janeiro. Dhinaca Talefeshinka waxaa ugu horeeyay si rasmi ah 18kii september sanadkii 1950 waxaana la odhan jiray TV TUPI. Dalka brazil waa dal ka mid ah kuwa aadka loo booqdo marka laga hadlayo dalxiisyaal sadax sano ka hor dadka booqday waxey gaadhayeen 5 milyan oo booqdayaal waxeyna dadkaasi badankood ka yimaadaan Koofurta ameica lacagta sanadkaa ay ka heleen waxey dhameyd 6 bilion oo doolar . Luqadda rasmiga ah ee looga hadlo Brazil waa waa bortaqiis.waana wadanka kaliya ee ku hadla qaarada America , xitaa dhaqanka waa dhaqanka boortaqiiska sababtoo ah xidhiidh xoog leh iyo gumeysigii boortaqiiska ayaa sameyn ku yeeshay. Xagga wax beerashada dalka Barazil dhul ahaan wuxuu beertaa 65,338,000 hektar lacagta ka soo baxda ayaa lagu qiyaasaa sanad kasta 148 billion oo doolar '''CIYAARAHA''' Dalka Brazil ciyaarta ugu caansan waa ciyaarta kubbadda cagta, wuxuu koob adduun ku guleystay shan jeer .markii ugu horeysay ee ay koob aduun ku guuleystaan teemkii ka socday Barzil waxey aheyd 1958, waxaa ku xigay 1962, waxaa ku xigay 1970, waxaa ku xigay 1994, waxaana ugu danbeeyay 2002 . sidoo kale mar ayey marti geliyeen koob aduun waana sanadkii 1950kii , waxeyna mar kale martigelin doonaan isla sanadkan 2014. dalkaasi brazil ciyaartoy caalamka caan ka noqotay ayaa ka soo baxday sida ninka Loo boqray ee dhaamanka madow Boqorka Kubadda cagta '''PELE''', sidoo kale waxaa ka soo baxay'''Garrincha,Ronaldo,Roberto carlos,Romario, Ronaldinho,Kaka iyo Neymar.''' ==Xubin== * [[AIIB]].:• * [[IMF]].:•* * [[Mercosur]].:•* * [[Bankiga Aduunka]].:•* * [[Kooxda Labaatanka]].:•* *` * [[Qaramada Midoobay]].:•* *` ==Waddnamha Le Deggan Brasiil== * {{Flag|Brazil}} 250,000,000++: * {{Flag|Portugal}} 200,000+• <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/l/Latin_America.ht {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/l/Latin_America.htm |date=20220901041048 }}</ref>. * {{Flag|France}}: 2000+ <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/p/People%2527s_Republic_of_China.htm {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/p/People%2527s_Republic_of_China.htm |date=20220722083009 }}</ref>]. <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/s/Soviet_Union.htm {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/s/Soviet_Union.htm |date=20220920163107 }}</ref>• Brazil waa wadan aad u dhaqda lo’da una iibgeeya suuqyada caalamiga ah sanadkii 2005 waxaa la diiwaan geliyay 28 milyan oo neef oo lo ah in la qalay, halka guud ahaana lagu sheegay sanadkasi in 87 milyan oo neef ay haatan diyaar yihiin. Taasi oo ku tuseysa in Brazil ay lo badani joogto , sidoo kale waxaa ku yaala keymo waaweyn. kala badh dalka Brazil waxaa daboola keymo loo yaqaan Amazon ,qaybaha korinta xoolaha iyo beerista Sisinta, qasabka sonkorta, bariiska, tubaakada iyo dhuxusha dhammaan wey beertaan reer Brazil. Dhinaca caruurta la adoonsado dalka Brazil waa meelha caalamka uu weli uu aad uga jiro , waana wadanka sedexaad ee caruurta la adoonsado waxaa ka horeeya oo kaliya '''Hindiya''', iyo ''Bangladesh''.!!’?’! Brazil 91% baabuurta taal waa cusab. ==Sido kale fiiri== * [https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g201312/visit-to-brazil/ A Visit to Brazil] * [[brazil]]'' * [[mexico]]'' * [[Paraguay]] ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} {{Dalalka Ameerikada Koonfureed}} 2m4aj1l6gde0hfedwviyitbgv1bchev 275597 275595 2025-06-11T06:32:33Z 50.20.127.150 taakaa guriin hil 275597 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox country |conventional_long_name = Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka ee Baraasil |common_name = Brazil |native_name = |image_flag = Flag of Brazil.svg |alt_flag = |image_coat = Coat of arms of Brazil.svg |alt_coat = |symbol_type = Coat of arms |other_symbol = {{vunblist |''[[National Seal of Brazil|Selo Nacional do Brasil]]'' |{{small|National Seal of Brazil}} |[[File:National Seal of Brazil (color).svg|100px|link=National Seal of Brazil]]}} |other_symbol_type = [[Seal (emblem)|National seal]] |national_motto = {{vunblist |{{native phrase|pt|Ordem e Progresso|italics=on|nolink=on}} |{{small|({{lang-en|"Order and Progress"}})}}}} |national_anthem = {{vunblist|"[[Brazilian National Anthem|Hino Nacional Brasileiro]]"|{{small|({{lang-en|"Brazilian National Anthem"}})}} |<br /><center>[[File:Hino-Nacional-Brasil-instrumental-mec.ogg|noicon|center]]</center>}} ---- {{vunblist |'''Heesta calanka:'''|"[[Brazilian Flag Anthem|Hino à Bandeira Nacional]]"<ref name="HinoBandeira">{{cite web|url=http://www.eb.mil.br/web/midia-eletronica/hino-a-bandeira-nacional |title=Hino à Bandeira Nacional |author=Exército Brasileiro |language=Portuguese |accessdate=29 January 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222123948/http://www.eb.mil.br/web/midia-eletronica/hino-a-bandeira-nacional |archivedate=22 February 2014 |df= }}</ref>|{{small|({{lang-en|"National Flag Anthem"}})}}|<br /><center>[[File:Brazilian Flag Anthem (Brazilian Army).ogg]]</center>}} |image_map = BRA orthographic.svg |alt_map = |map_caption = {{map caption |location_color=dark green |region=[[South America]] |region_color= grey }} |capital = [[Brasília]] |coordinates = {{Coord|15|47|S|47|52|W|type:city}} |largest_city = [[São Paulo]]<br>{{small|{{coord|23|33|S|46|38|W|display=inline}}}} |languages_type = Official language<br />{{nobold|and national language}} |languages = [[Luuqada:Af-Boortaqiis|Af-Boortaqiis]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Demographics |publisher=Brazilian Government |url=http://www.brasil.gov.br/sobre/brazil/brazil-in-numbers/demographics |accessdate=8 October 2011 |archivedate=17 November 2011 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111117051415/http://www.brasil.gov.br/sobre/brazil/brazil-in-numbers/demographics}}</ref> |ethnic_groups = {{vunblist |47.73% [[Dadka Cad|Caddaan]] |{{nowrap|43.13% Dhafan}} |7.61% [[Dadka Madoow]] |1.09% [[Dadka Aasiya]] |0.43% [[Dadka asaliga ah]] }} |ethnic_groups_year = 2010 |ethnic_groups_ref = <ref name="raca2010">{{cite web |url=http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/censo2010/caracteristicas_da_populacao/tabelas_pdf/tab3.pdf |title=Caracteristicas da População e dos Domicílios do Censo Demográfico 2010 – Cor ou raça |format=PDF |accessdate=7 April 2012}}</ref> |demonym = Brazilian |government_type = [[Federaaliisim|Federaal]] madaxweynenimo dastuur [[jamhuuriya]] |leader_title1 = [[Madaxweyne]] |leader_name1 = [[Lula da Silva]] |leader_title2 = Madaxweyne ku xigeenka |leader_name2 = Geraldo Alckmin |leader_title3 = {{nowrap|[[President of the Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Madaxweynaha Rugta Wakiilada]]}} |leader_name3 = [[Arthur Lira]] |leader_title4 = [[President of the Federal Senate (Brazil)|Madaxweynaha Guurtida Federaalka]] |leader_name4 = {{nowrap|[[Rodrigo Pacheco]]}} |leader_title5 = [[Supreme Federal Court (Brazil)#President|Madaxweynaha maxkamada sare]] |leader_name5 = [[Luís Roberto Barroso]] |legislature = [[National Congress of Brazil|National Congress]] |upper_house = [[Federal Senate]] |lower_house = [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Chamber of Deputies]] |sovereignty_type = [[Independence of Brazil|Independence]] |sovereignty_note = from the [[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves]] |established_event1 = [[Brazilian Independence|Declared]] |established_date1 = 7 September 1822 |established_event2 = [[Treaty of Rio de Janeiro (1825)|Recognized]] |established_date2 = 29 August 1825 |established_event3 = [[Proclamation of the Republic (Brazil)|Republic]] |established_date3 = 15 November 1889 |established_event4 = [[Treaty of Petrópolis]] |established_date4 = 11 November 1903 |established_event5 = [[Constitution of Brazil|Current constitution]] |established_date5 = 5 October 1988 |area_km2 = 8515767 |area_label = Total |area_rank = 5th |area_sq_mi = 3287597 |percent_water = 0.65 |population_estimate = 209,129,000<ref>[http://www.ibge.gov.br/apps/populacao/projecao/index.html "Brazil"]. IBGE population estimates.</ref> |population_estimate_year = 2018 |population_estimate_rank = 6th |population_density_km2 = 25 |population_density_sq_mi = 63 |population_density_rank = 199th |GDP_PPP = $3.389 tiriliyan<ref name="World Economic Outlook">{{cite web|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=87&pr.y=4&sy=2016&ey=2023&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=273%2C223%2C156%2C924%2C922%2C132%2C134%2C534%2C536%2C136%2C186%2C158%2C112%2C542%2C111&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|website=www.imf.org|publisher=International Monetary Fund|accessdate=17 April 2018}}</ref> |GDP_PPP_year = 2018 |GDP_PPP_rank = 8th |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $16,199<ref name="World Economic Outlook"/> |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 81th |GDP_nominal = $2.139 tiriliyan<ref name="World Economic Outlook"/> |GDP_nominal_year = 2018 |GDP_nominal_rank = 9th |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $10,224<ref name="World Economic Outlook"/> |GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 65th }} [[File:Petrobras_horizontal_logo.svg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Centro_do_Rio_visto_do_museu_chácara_do_céu.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Moqueca.jpg|Thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Aerea2_maracana.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] Dalka '''Baraasil''' oo loogu dhawaaqo '''República Federativa do Brasil''' waa dal ka soo jeeda bortaqiis, waa dalka shanaad ee ugu balaadhan aduunka, koofurta Amerika iyo dhammaan qaarada laatiin Amerikaba. Dalka Baraasil waxaa dhinaca bari ka marta badda [[Badweynta Atlaantik]], oo leh xeeb dhererkeedu tahay 7,491km. Wuxuuna xuduud kala leeyahay dhinaca waqooyi dalka [[Fanansuwela]], [[Guyana]], [[Surinam]] iyo French Guiana. Dhinaca waqooyi galbeedna waxaa dalka Baraasil xuduud uu kala leeyahay daka [[Kolombiya]]. Galbeedna waxaa kaga beegan [[Booliifiya]] iyo [[Peru]]. Sidoo kale dhinaca koofur barina waxuu xuduud kala wadaagaa dalalka [[Arjantiina]], iyo [[Paraguay]], halka waqooyi uu ka xiga dalka Urugway. Waxaa la odhan karaa dalka brazil dhammaan xuduud ayuu la leeyahay wadamada waqooyiga marka laga tago [[Ikwadoor]] iyo [[Jili]]. Dhaqaalaha wadanka Baraasil waa wadanka todobaad waxaana door libaax leh ka ciyaaray in dhaqaalaha uu kobco (Brazil’s national development bank (BNDES)), xagga wax iibsiga waa wadanka todobaad Marka laga hadlayo wax soo soorka KAFEEGA waa wadanka ugu weyn ee soo saara Kafeega 150kii sano ee u danbeeyay. Waxey kaloo kordhiyeen joogitaanka suuqyada maaliyadeed iyo badeecooyin waxeyna nasiib u heleen in ay Brazil ay noqoto suuqa afaraad ee ugu weyn baabuurta caalamka. iyo Liinta. Dalka Baraasil ayaa wax dhoofinta caalamka kaga jira darajada 23aad. Dalka Brazil waa wadanka 2aad dhinaca garoonka diyaaradaha waxaa ka horeeya mareykanka kaliya . Wuxuu leeyahay Garoono waaweyn oo aad u mashquul badan ku dhawaad 20 milyan oo rakaab ah ayaa sanad walba isticmaala garoonada Brazil. Dhinaca diinta dadka heysta diinta CATHOLICS dalka Baraasil waa 123 million celecelis ahaana waa 64% .waa dadka ugu badan ee heysta diinta catholics hoos ka eeg heerka dadka heysta diimaha dalka Brazil. Ciidanka Baraasil waa ciidanka ugu balaadhan [[Latin Ameerika|Laatiin Amerika]] waxeyna ka kooban yihiin: Brazilian Army, Brazilian Navy iyo Brazilian Air Force waxeyna guud ahaan yihiin 317,199 oo ah kuwa shaqeeya . Ku darso oo waxey kaloo leeyihiin ciidan loogu yeedho Military police iyo ciidan kale oo loo yaqaan green water Magaca Brazil wuxuu asal ahaan ka yimid ama ka soo jedaa nuuc ka mid ah geedaha ka bixi jiray Xeebaha wadankaasi waxaana loo yaqaan brazilwood. Dadka boortaqiiska waxey odhan jireen ''pau-brasil.'' Dalka Baraasil waxa uu ka kooban yahay 26 gobal iyagoo isugu yimaada Federaal, dhammaan gobalada waxey isugu jiraan gobolo isbaheystay si juquraafi ah. Nidaamka caafimaadka dadweynaha Baraasil ayaa loo yaqaan Nidaamka caafimaadka qaranka, waxaa maamula oo bixiya dhammaan dowlada waana wax ay u siman yihiin dadweynaha muwaadiniinta ah si lacag la’aan ah. Walow ay jiraan meelo kale oo si gaar ah loo leeyahay. Dhinaca musuqa ee xeebaha brazil waxaa lagu sheegaa 41 bilyan oo dollar sanadkii waana 69.9% waxeyna wadamada musuqa caalamka kaga jirtaa kaalinta 69aad. Sida laga soo xigtay dowlada Baraasil waxaa jira dhibaatooyin caafimaada oo ay ugu daran yihiin: * Dhimashada caruurta dalka Baraasil waxey gaadhaa 2.51% ilaa 3.77% meelaha ugu badana waa gobalada ku yaala waqooyi bari. * Dhimashada hooyada uurka leh waa 73.1% marka 100 kun oo caruur ahba dhashaan * Dhimashada xanuunada leys qaadsiiyo ayaa ah 151.7 dhimasho 100.000 waxaana sababa xanuuno ku dhaca wadnaha,cudurada wareega dhiigga,oo ay wehliso kuwa keena kansarka, iyo kuwa kale oo ku dhinta sababo ka baxsan kuwa aan soo sheegay sida ( shilalka gaadiidka,rabshadaha,iyo is miidaaminta ) * Sanadkii 2002 Brazil waxey xisaabisay in 40% xaalado cudarka duumada Amerika in ay ku haybsatay,ku dhawaad 99% in ay yihiin gobalka LEGAL AMAZON. '''''DHINACA SAXAAFADA''''' Dalka Brazil wargeyskii ugu horeeyay waxaa la aasaasay sanadkii 1808dii waxaana laga aasaasay magaalo madaxda wadanka ee RIO DE JANERIO magacii ugu horeeyay uu yeesho wargeyskaa ayaa ahaa THE GAZETA isagoo nuqulkii u horeeyay uu soo baxay bishii september 1808 dii .Dhinaca idaacadda waxaa markii u horeysay dalka Brazil laga hirgeliyay 7dii bishii sebtember sanadkii 1922kii. Waxaana ku xigay sanadkii 1923kii oo la furay idaacadii 2aad oo la odhan jiray radio Society of Riode Janeiro. Dhinaca Talefeshinka waxaa ugu horeeyay si rasmi ah 18kii september sanadkii 1950 waxaana la odhan jiray TV TUPI. Dalka brazil waa dal ka mid ah kuwa aadka loo booqdo marka laga hadlayo dalxiisyaal sadax sano ka hor dadka booqday waxey gaadhayeen 5 milyan oo booqdayaal waxeyna dadkaasi badankood ka yimaadaan Koofurta ameica lacagta sanadkaa ay ka heleen waxey dhameyd 6 bilion oo doolar . Luqadda rasmiga ah ee looga hadlo Brazil waa waa bortaqiis.waana wadanka kaliya ee ku hadla qaarada America , xitaa dhaqanka waa dhaqanka boortaqiiska sababtoo ah xidhiidh xoog leh iyo gumeysigii boortaqiiska ayaa sameyn ku yeeshay. Xagga wax beerashada dalka Barazil dhul ahaan wuxuu beertaa 65,338,000 hektar lacagta ka soo baxda ayaa lagu qiyaasaa sanad kasta 148 billion oo doolar '''CIYAARAHA''' Dalka Brazil ciyaarta ugu caansan waa ciyaarta kubbadda cagta, wuxuu koob adduun ku guleystay shan jeer .markii ugu horeysay ee ay koob aduun ku guuleystaan teemkii ka socday Barzil waxey aheyd 1958, waxaa ku xigay 1962, waxaa ku xigay 1970, waxaa ku xigay 1994, waxaana ugu danbeeyay 2002 . sidoo kale mar ayey marti geliyeen koob aduun waana sanadkii 1950kii , waxeyna mar kale martigelin doonaan isla sanadkan 2014. dalkaasi brazil ciyaartoy caalamka caan ka noqotay ayaa ka soo baxday sida ninka Loo boqray ee dhaamanka madow Boqorka Kubadda cagta '''PELE''', sidoo kale waxaa ka soo baxay'''Garrincha,Ronaldo,Roberto carlos,Romario, Ronaldinho,Kaka iyo Neymar.''' ==Xubin== * [[AIIB]].:• * [[IMF]].:•* * [[Mercosur]].:•* * [[Bankiga Aduunka]].:•* * [[Kooxda Labaatanka]].:•* *` * [[Qaramada Midoobay]].:•* *` ==Waddnamha Le Deggan Brasiil== * {{Flag|Brazil}} 250,000,000++: * {{Flag|Portugal}} 200,000+• <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/l/Latin_America.ht {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/l/Latin_America.htm |date=20220901041048 }}</ref>. * {{Flag|France}}: 2000+ <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/p/People%2527s_Republic_of_China.htm {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/p/People%2527s_Republic_of_China.htm |date=20220722083009 }}</ref>]. <ref>https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/s/Soviet_Union.htm {{Wayback|url=https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/s/Soviet_Union.htm |date=20220920163107 }}</ref>• Brazil waa wadan aad u dhaqda lo’da una iibgeeya suuqyada caalamiga ah sanadkii 2005 waxaa la diiwaan geliyay 28 milyan oo neef oo lo ah in la qalay, halka guud ahaana lagu sheegay sanadkasi in 87 milyan oo neef ay haatan diyaar yihiin. Taasi oo ku tuseysa in Brazil ay lo badani joogto , sidoo kale waxaa ku yaala keymo waaweyn. kala badh dalka Brazil waxaa daboola keymo loo yaqaan Amazon ,qaybaha korinta xoolaha iyo beerista Sisinta, qasabka sonkorta, bariiska, tubaakada iyo dhuxusha dhammaan wey beertaan reer Brazil. Dhinaca caruurta la adoonsado dalka Brazil waa meelha caalamka uu weli uu aad uga jiro , waana wadanka sedexaad ee caruurta la adoonsado waxaa ka horeeya oo kaliya '''Hindiya''', iyo ''Bangladesh''.!!’?’! Brazil 91% baabuurta taal waa cusab. ==Sido kale fiiri== * [https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/g201312/visit-to-brazil/ A Visit to Brazil] * [[brazil]]'' * [[mexico]]'' * [[Paraguay]] ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} {{Dalalka Ameerikada Koonfureed}} ipip359h2lity7fidawueojo1gbakq2 0 7675 275560 275496 2025-06-10T12:52:03Z 197.231.201.216 275560 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Farac | | group = Eidagale <br> عيدَ جلي | image= |region1={{flagcountry|Kenya}} |region2={{flagcountry|Djibouti}} |region3={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region4={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} | langs = [[Somali language|Somali]] | rels = [[Islam]] | related-c = Other [[Isaaq]],clan. }} '''Ciidagale''' (English: Eidagale'','' Arabic: عيدَ جلي''',''' Full Name:Daoud Ibn Ismail Shiekh Ishaaq) waa beel ka mid ah beelweynta Isaaq . Beeshu waxay degaan rasmiya ku tahay gobolka Maroodi jeex ee Somaliland iyo DDS Ethiopia. == Overview == The Eidagalle is a major Somali clan of the Isaaq clan family. Members of this clan are concentrated in Somaliland and the Somali region. They are the traditional holders of the Isaaq Sultanate since the 18th century. As descendants of Ismail bin Sheikh Isaaq, its members form a part of the Habar Magaadle confederation, and they constitute the largest sub-clan of the Isaaq.They traditionally consist of nomadic pastoralists, merchants and skilled poets. ==Distribution== [[File:Eidegalla map.jpg|thumb|left |Map of Somaliland showing distribution of the Eidagalle tribe in western and southwestern Somaliland]] The Eidagalle, largely clan make up a significant percentage of the population in Maroodi Jeex region of [[Somaliland]], as well as the Daroor, Aware and Misraq Gashamo zones in the Somali region of Ethiopia. They also live on the middle and south eastern side of [[Hargeisa]] as well as the Salahlay District in eastern Maroodi Jeex region. A subclan of the Eidagale, the Guuyoobe also inhabit the Oodweyne district in Togdheer region. They also have a large settlement in Kenya where they are known as a constituent segment of the Isahakia community.<ref>Diiriye, Anwar Maxamed (2006). Literature of Somali Onomastics & Proverbs with Comparison of Foreign Sayings.ISBN978-0-9726615.</ref><ref>Waal, Alexander De (1993). "Violent deeds live on: landmines in Somalia and Somaliland, p. 63</ref><ref>Lewis, I. M. (3 February 2017). I.M Lewis : peoples of the Horn of Africa. <nowiki>ISBN 9781315308173</nowiki>.</ref> ==History== ===Lineage=== Sheikh Ishaq was one of the scholars that crossed the sea from Arabia to the Horn of Africa to spread Islam around 12th to 13th century. Hence, Sheikh Ishaaq married two local women in Somaliland that left him eight sons, one of them being Ismail (Garhajis).<ref>I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), pp. 31 & 42</ref> === Medieval period === Historically the Eidagalle took part in the conquest of Abyssinia and were part of the Adal Sultanate and are mentioned in the book ''Futuh Al-Habash'' (Conquest of Abyssinia) as the ''Habar Magaadle'' . The Habar Magaadle are known for producing a historical figure known as ''Ahmad Gurey bin Husain'' who was the right-hand man of [[:en:Ahmad_ibn_Ibrahim_al-Ghazi|Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi]].<ref>"مخطوطات > بهجة الزمان > الصفحة رقم 16". makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08-24.</ref> I. M. Lewis discusses the existence of another leader named Ahmad Gurey, and suggests that the two leaders have been conflated into one historical figure:<blockquote>The text refers to two Ahmad's with the nickname 'Left-handed'. One is regularly presented as 'Ahmad Guray, the Somali' (...) identified as Ahmad Gurey Xuseyn, chief of the Habar Magaadle. Another reference, however, appears to link the Habar Magadle with the Eidagal. The other Ahmad is simply referred to as 'Imam Ahmad' or simply the 'Imam'.This Ahmad is not qualified by the adjective Somali (...) The two Ahmad's have been conflated into one figure, the heroic Ahmed Guray<ref>Morin, Didier (2004). Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982 (in French). KARTHALA Editions. <nowiki>ISBN 9782845864924</nowiki>.</ref></blockquote> [[File:HargeisaCloseup1885.png|thumb|275px|Close-up of an 1885 Royal Geographical Society map, showing Hargeisa (Harrer-es-Sagheer) as well as the Eidagale subtribe (Eed-a-galleh) residing within and around the town. The Naasa Hablood hills (Nas Hubla) can also be seen in the map]] For centuries, the tomb of sheikh [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yusuf_bin_Ahmad_al-Kawneyn Aw Barkhadle], which is located between [[Berbera]] and [[Hargeisa]], was used by the Isaaq clans to settle disputes and to swear oaths of alliances under a holy relic attributed to Bilal Ibn Rabah. As traditional leaders of the [[Isaaq]] clans, the Eidagale placed themselves as mediators during the disputes. <blockquote>When any grave question arises affecting the interests of the Isaakh tribe in general. On a paper yet carefully preserved in the tomb, and bearing the sign-manual of Belat [Bilal], the slave of one of the early khaleefehs, fresh oaths of lasting friendship and lasting alliances are made...In the season of 1846 this relic was brought to Berbera in charge of the Haber Gerhajis, and on it the rival tribes of Aial Ahmed and Aial Yunus swore to bury all animosity and live as brethren.<ref>"The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62". 1849.</ref></blockquote> The Eidagalle were renowned for their equestrian skills, and their devastating raids extended between the coast and the interior. According to Swayne, who traversed through Somaliland in the late 19th century, the Eidagalle were amongst the clans most addicted to raiding: <blockquote>The tribes near the northern coast most addicted to raiding appear to be the Habr Awal, the Eidagalle, and the Habr Gerhajis.<ref>Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 40.</ref></blockquote> Apart from their equestrian skills, the Eidagalle are also famed for their eloquence in traditional Somali poetry (gabay), producing many famous poets such as Xasan Tarabi and Elmi Boodhari. Historically, the Eidagale were viewed as "the recognized experts in the composition of poetry" by their fellow Somali contemporaries:<ref>Diriye, p. 75.</ref> <blockquote>Among the tribes, the Eidagalle are the recognized experts in the composition of poetry. One individual poet of the Eidagalle may be no better than a good poet of another tribe, but the Eidagalla appear to have more poets than any other tribe. "if you had a hundred Eidagalle men here," Hersi Jama once told me, "And asked which of them could sing his own gabei ninety-five would be able to sing. The others would still be learning."<ref>Laurance, Margaret. A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.</ref></blockquote> For centuries, the Eidagalle were influential stakeholders in the long-distance Somali caravan trade. Eidagalle merchants procured various goods from the Somali Region in present-day [[Ethiopia]], such as [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livestock livestock], acacia gum, myrrh and ghee, which were subsequently exported to Southern Arabia. The Eidagale caravan merchants founded several inland trade entrepôts in the interior, which also includes the modern city of [[Hargeisa]], founded in the 19th century as a caravan junction between [[Berbera]] and the Somali interior.<ref>Journal of African Languages. University of Michigan Press. 1963. p. 27.</ref><ref>Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 96.</ref> <blockquote>Somalis of the Habr Gerhajis tribe arrive from Ogadain with feathers, myrrh, gum, sheep, cattle, and ghee, carrying away in exchange piece goods; they also make four trips in the season; they remain for less than a month, and during their stay reside with fellow-tribesmen, taking their meals in the mokhbâzah or eating-house.<ref>Hunter, Frederick (1877). An Account of the British Settlement of Aden in Arabia. Cengage Gale. p. 41.</ref></blockquote> == Clan tree== [[File:Imaam Ahmed Gurey.jpg|thumb|Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi, the General Rular of the Adal Sultanate.]] A summarized clan family tree of the Eidagalle is presented below.<ref name="survey 147">Hunt, John A. (1951). A general survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944-1950. Wayback Machine (archived 2 February 2022). p. 147.</ref> *Daoud (Eidagalle) **[[Maxamed Daoud|Mohamed Daoud]] (Guyoobe) ***Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal) ***Ali Mohamed (Afwayne) (7 Clan branch) ***Urkurag Mohamed ****Ali Urkurag *****Fiqi Sa'ad Ali *****Mahamoud Ali *****Ahmed Ali *****Ismail Ali ******Ali Ismail *******Osman Ali *******Jama Ali *******Awga Ali *******Yonis Ali *******Ileiye Ali *******Hagga Ali *******Farah Ali ********Hassan Farah *******Nuh Ali ********Ali Nuh *******Aden Ali ********Guled Aden ********Ali Aden *******Roble Ali ********Hassan Roble ********Ali Roble *********Abdalle Ali ********Geedi Abdalle ********Mahamed Abdalle **Abokor Daoud ***Bilaal Abokor ****Mohamed Bilaal *****Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal) *****Farah Mohamed *****Hassan Mohamed *****Abdi Mohamed ******Ali Abdi ******Geedi Abdi ******Aden Abdi *****Abdalle Mohamed ******Samater Abdalle ******Ali Abdalle ******Aden Abdalle ***Issa Abokor ****Mohamed Isse *****Deria Mohamed *****Dualeh Mohamed *****Musa Mohammed ****Hassan Isse *****Allamagan Hassan *****Afi Hassan *****Abar Hassan *****Hujale Hassan *****Yusuf Hasan **Muse Daoud ***Abokor Muuse ****Mohamed Abokor *****Abokor Mohamed ******Hassan Abokor *******Muse Hassan *******Laqshe Hassan *******Basiralle Hassan *******Dhimbil Hassan ********Mohammed Dhimbil *********Musa Mohammed **********Adawe Muse ***********Allamagan Adawe ***********Absiye Adawe ***********Yusuf Adawe ***********Farah Adaw **********Aden Muse ***********Had Aden ***********Deria Aden ***********Geedi Aden ***********Abane Aden ***********Roble Aden ***********Boqorre Aden ************Sugulle Boqorre ************Yusuf Boqorre ************Egal Boqorre ************Abdi Boqorre ************Liban Boqorre *********Fatah Mohammed *********Muawiye Mohammed *********Guled Mohammed ********Muuse Dhimbil *********Abdalle Muuse (Rer Abdalle) **********Jibril Abdalle ***********Kaliil Jibril ************Calanle ************Abdi ************Ismail ************Indhoad ***********Aden Jibril ************Nur Aden ************Benin Aden ************Musa Aden ************Ali Adan ************Cileye Adan ************Adan Adan *************Ahmed Aden *************Eiye Aden ***********Abdi Jibril ************Ali Abdi ************Nour Abdi ************Benin Abdi ************Abdille Abdi *************Gallab Abdille *************Eiye Abdille (Rer Eiye) **************Guled Eiye **************Abokor Eiye **************Kaliil Eiye **************Hagar Eiye *************Mohamed Abdille **************Ahmad Mahamed ***************Ali Ahmed ****************Abdi Ali ****************kaliil Ali ****************Deria Ali ***************Gubadle Ahmed ***************Samter Ahmed *********Mohamoud Muuse (Rer Maxamuud) **********Shirdon Mohamoud ***********Farah Shirdon ***********Jama Shirdon ***********Yusuf Shirdon **********Hildiid Mohamoud ***********Ali Hildiid ***********Odawa Hildiid ***********Geedi Hildiid ***********Abokor Hildiid ***********Hersi Hildiid ********Ahmed Dhimbil *********Muse Ahmed *********Liban Ahmed **********Abdi Liban ***********Ismail Abdi (Ayansame) ************Aden Ismail ************Hildiid Ismail ************Imaan Ismail ************Bulale Ismail ************Farah Ismail ***********Mohamed Ahmed (Addeh) ************Sarar Mohamed *************Nour Sarar *************Mohamed (Hersi) Sarar ************Ahmed (Bedar) Mohamed *************Koshin Ahmed *************Samter Ahmed *************Uballe Ahmed *************Karie Ahmed *************Mohamed Ahmed *******Aden Abokor ********Awal Aden *********Abdi Awal **********Had Abdi **********Omar Abdi **********Nur Abdi **********Ibrahim Abdi **********Mohamoud Abdi ********Hassan Aden *********Ziyad Hassan *********Odawa Hassan *********Ladon Hassan **********Aden Ladon **********Farah Ladon *********Abdalle Hassan **********Ahmed Abdalle ***********Geedi Ahmed ************Ali Geedi ************Geele Geedi ************Hode Geedi ************Samter Geedi ************Musa Geedi ************Allamgan Geedi ***********Halas Ahmed ***********Egal Ahmed *********Ali Abdalle *********Abdi Abdalle (Abdi Waddago) ***Abdirahman Muuse ****Yunis Abdirahman *****Adan Yonis ******Siad Aden ******Mohamed Aden ******Ali Adan ******Egal Adan *******Warmoog Egal *******Hassan Egal ******Muse Adan *******Warsame ********Ismail ********Liban *****Ugaadh Yonis *****Ismail Yonis *****Mohamed Yonis ******Gadid Mohamed ******Mahamoud Mohamed ******Ali Mohamed *******Saeed Ali *******Yaay Ali *******Guled Ali ********Gadid Guled ********Hassan Guled ********Osman Guled *********Gutale Osman (Rer Gutale) *********Naleye Osman **********kadiye Naleye ***********Warsame kadiye ****Abdulle Abdirahman *****Mohamed Abdulle (Bah Daylo) ******Gadid Mohamed *******Abdalle Gadid ******Abdulle Mohamed *******Hasan Abdulle *******Aden Abdulle *******Fatah Aden *******Ali Aden ********Hode Ali ********Geldon Ali ********Roble Ali ********Odawa Ali *********Koshin Odawa *********Guled Odawa *********Mahad Odawa *********Naleye Odawa *********Hagar Odawa **********Cawad Hager ******Loge Mohamed *******Adawe Loge *******Egal Loge *******Mohamed Loge ********Yusuf Mohamed (Baho Loge) ********Afi Mohamed (Baho Loge) ********Ali Mohamed (Baho Loge) ********Samater Mahamed *********Dable Samater ********Hildiid Mahamed *********Ali Hildiid **********Galan Ali (Baha Ali) **********Geedi Ali (Baha Ali) **********Absiye Ali (Rer Absie) *****Ibrahim Abdulle ******Kul Ibrahim (Rer Kul) ******Abdi Ibrahim (Abdi Dheere) *******Hildiid Abdi *******Burale Abdi *******Roble Abdi *******Geedi Abdi *******Qabile Abdi ******Abokor Ibrahim *******Iidle Abokor (Rer Iidle) ********Ismail Iidle *********Yusuf Ismail **********Farah Yusuf ***********Ali Farah *********Harun Ismail **********Nageye Harun ***********Hildiid Nageye ***********Hugur Nageye **********Wais Harun **********Hassan Harun ***********Ali Hassan ************Gabal Ali ************Yusuf Ali ************Hussein Ali ************Isse Ali (Rer Haji Isse) *************Wahid Isse *************Mohamed Isse ********Barre Iidle *********Samter Barre **********Wais Samter *********Abokor Barre *********Habarwa Barre *********Hildiid Barre **********Egal Hildiid **********Had Hildiid *********Liban Barre *********Ali Barre *********Yabaal Barre *********Osman Barre *******Hussein Abokor Matan (Gaashabuur) ********Roble Matan (Rer Roble) *********Abdille Roble *********Benin Roble *********Jibril Roble *********Guled Roble *********Barre Roble *********Mohamed Roble ********Hamud Matan (Rer Hamud) *********Adawe Hamud (Rer Adawe) **********Gabllah Adawe **********Abdalle Adawe **********Hersi Adawe **********Yusuf Adawe *********Benin Hamud *********Abdalle Hamud *********Ciroole Hamud *********Ali Hamud *********Bayle Hamud *********Fahiye Hamud ********Adan Matan *********Abane Adan **********Abtidon Abane **********Wager Abane ***********Ali Wager ***********Aden Wager ***********Mohamed wager *********Burale Adan (Rer Burale) **********Suban Burale **********Gabal Burale **********Samter Burale ***********Egal Samter ***********Hersi Samter ************Warfa Hersi ***********Sarar Samter ************Dualeh Sarer ************Shirdon Sarer *********Muse Adan *********Barre Adan *********Ergin Adan *********Wais Adan *********Fiiin Adan *********Abdille Adan *********Damal Adan **********Gobdon Damal (Rer Gabdoon) ***********Ismail Gabdon ***********Ergin Gabdon ***********Quruh Gabdon ***********Gadi Gabdon ***********Fahiye Gabdon ***********Qalib Gabdon ***********Deria Gabdon (Rer Diriye) ************Jama Deria ************Awed Deria ************Roble Deria ************Farah Deria ************Naleye Deria ************Galab Deria ************Shire Deria ************Hussein Deria ************Warsame Deria ************Food Deria ************Yusuf Deria *********Ragsaleh Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Hode Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Fatah Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Gabib Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Boon Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Deria Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Esa Damal **********Aden Esa **********Guled Esa (Addeh) **********Warfa Esa (Gaal -Eri) **********Liban Esa (Rer Liban) ***********Deria Liban ************Ali Deria ************Abdi Deria ************Ladon Deria ***********Geedi Liban ************Warfa Geedi ************Aden Geedi ***********Afdhub Liban ***********Hared Liban ***********Bulale Liban ***********Jama Liban ***********Farah Liban **********Hassan Esa (Rer Hassan Isse) ***********Mohamed Hassan ***********Odawa Hassan ***********Shire Hassan ***********Bedar Hassan ***********Amarre Hassan ***********Ahmed Hassan ***********Abdi Hassan ************Ali Hassan *************Yusuf Ali ************Sharmake Hassan *************Nour Sharmake *************Hared Sharmake *************Arralleh Sharmake *************Hersi Sharmake *************Geele Sharmake *************Harti Sharmake *************Abune Sharmake **************Harti Abune **************Shire Abune **************Jama Abune **************Guled Abune **********Abdi Esa (Rer Abdi Isse) ***********Mohamed Abdi (Ba' Eli) ***********Amarre Abdi (Ba' Eli) ***********Sugulle Abdi (Ba' Eli) ***********Wais Abdi (Ba' Gooni) ***********Warfa Abdi (Ba' Gooni) ***********Ileiye Afwayne Abdi (Ba' Gooni) ***********Rage Abdi (Ba' Madhiedho) ************Absiye Rage ************Geele Rage (RerAw) ***********Dualeh Abdi (Ba' Madhiedho) ***********Awad Abdi (Ba' Awal) ***********Abdalle Abdi (Ba' Habarwa) ***********Ali Abdi (Ba' Samane) ***********Roble Abdi (Ba' Samane) ***********Abdi bari (Ba' Samane) ************Wais Abdi ************Habrwa Abdi ************Rage Abdi ************Awed Abdi ************Mohamed Abdi *************Ahmed Mohamed **************Elmi Ahmed ***************Ali Elmi ***************Naleye Elmi ***********Ainanshe Abdi (Ba' Iido) ***********Guled Abdi (Ba' Iido) ***********Aden Abdi (Ba' Iido) ***********Guled Abdi (Rer Guleed) ************Yusuf Guled ************Roble Guled ************Jama Guled ************Deria Guled ************Egal Guled ************Dualeh Guled *************Qawdhan Dualeh *************Nour Dualeh *************Mahamoud Dualeh ************Gatah Guled ************Magan Guled ************Warfaa Guled ************Ali Guled ************Abdi Guled ************Farah Guled *************Mohamed Farah *************Warfa Farah *************Hurre Farah *************Nour Farah *************Naleye Farah ==Notable people== *Abdillahi Deria – Prominent anti-colonial figure and 5th Grand Sultan of the Isaaq *Maxamed Mooge Liibaan (Baban) *Sh.Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Religious leader , and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization and Educational party (هيئة القرن الافريقي الخير ية) *Abwan Dheeg – Prominent Somali poet. *Faysal Ali Hussein *Ismail Hurre Buba *Eng Gaabuush – was a scholar and military leader at SNM *Kol Aden Guhad (Aden Wali) *Ahmed Mooge Liibaan *Hassan Guure Jama *Kol Ibrahim koodbuur *Eng Hussien Yusuf Ma'ash (Qooqane) *Haji Abdulkarim Hussein Yusuf (Abdi Warabe) – Is one of oldest and well known genuine traditional leaders in Somaliland. *Guled – 1st Grand Sultan of the Isaaq clan *Khadra Dahir Eige *Abwan Abdi Gahayr – legendary warrior and poet *Farah Guled – 2nd Grand Sultan of the Isaaq *Jama Mahamed Qalib –Served as speaker of the Somali Parliament during the Somali Republic's early civilian administration, between 1960 and 1964 *Abwan Hassan Mohamoud Shaywaal (Xasan Tarabi) *Muuse Ismail Qalilnle – Was a prominant Somali artist, musician, and singer *Kol. Abdi Yusuf Oday – Was Commander of training school at Awarre *Abdikarin Ahmed mooge *Siyasi Ali Ibraahim Mahamed (Cali Sanyare ) *Prof. Husien Mohamed Aden (Tansania) *Abwaan Hasan Qawadhan – Is well-known Somali poet who has written outstanding poetry. *Siyasi Ibrahim Mahdi buba *Sul Mohamed Abdi qadir (8th grand suldan of Isaaq) *Daud Mahamed – the ninth and current grand sultan *Hussein Mohamed Jiciir *Suldan Sakariye S.Mohamed S.C/Lahi S.Galal *Suldan Aden S.Farah S.Omar *Suldan Cisman Baane *Mohamoud Guure Hussein (Gaal-Eri) – Was a scholar who took part in SNM and was responsible for the office in Farance. And accountable for the foreign Staratic plociy in Somalia, during the Ogaden war. *Idiris Haji Cisman Gurey *Jama Mohammed Galib *Abwan Hassan Hussein – legendary warrior and poet. *Abwan Bashir Ismail Mire (Bashir Gabyaye) *Abdirahman Jama Andholeh – Anti Colonial fighter *Cabdiraxmaan Jamac Cadhoole – Halgama Waynaa ee ka Qayb Qaatay la'dagaalankii Gumastihii Faransiiska. *Ahmed koosar (Silanyo) – Is the commander of the Koodbur Brigade of the SNM *Mohamed Hassan Finad – Politician and Activist *Ahmed Mahamed dirye (Toorno) *Gen. Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib) – The Father of Somaliland Immigration border . *Abwan Ali Mooge Geedi Egal – Great Somali poet and well-known, who has written outstanding poetry *Hussien Mohamed Mahamoud (Huseen Hog) – Former Minister of Health of Somaliland *Kol Maxamed Hussein Qalinle *Khadar Hussien Abdi – Politician and Minster of the presidency of Somaliland. *Xaye Galaydh Farah – legendary warrior and poet *Abdishakur Dayib Mohamed – Journalist *Abdillahi Mohamed Dahir (Cukuse) *Omar Abdillahi Sayid – Former Hargeisa and Berbera Airport Manager *Sh. Shacaban Abdillahi *Sh.Khadar Abdillahi Badeed *Kol Jama Hussien – The Commander of SNM's Third Party Fighter *Elmi Boodhari *Hussein Arab Isse *Eng Abdirisaq Farah Wiiwa *Hussein Ali Mahamado – Activist And Founder Ina Guuxa Foundation *Sh.Cisman Langadhe *Nadiir Yusuf – Activist And Politician *Kol Dahir Ainanshe ( Moqosle) *Bihi Iman Eige – Minister of Finance of the Federal Government of Somalia *Kol Abdillahi Bihi Oday – The commander of the SNM mine force *Sucaad Ibrahim Abdi – Politician and Activist *Abdi Bidhan Dahir – Journalist *Fadumo faysal – The founder and CEO of Hoiwa Oy . *Jama Asker – Politician and Member of the Federal Parliament of Somalia *Abwan Ahmed Colaad (Qorane) – A famous poet and Member of Somalia Parliament *Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) –Islamic Scholar and Religious leader *Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member of the Federal Parliament of Somalia *Khaalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist and Founder kF Media *Kol Hahi – Is the leader of the SNM war tactic that reaches the military in Lasanod city. *Abwan Muse Ali Farur – prominent Somali poet *Mahdi Guled – Former prime minister of Somalia ===References=== tg880atc2pm8onksmvr1205mg920zt4 275573 275560 2025-06-10T17:59:08Z 197.231.201.216 275573 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Farac | | group = Eidagale <br> عيدَ جلي | image= |region1={{flagcountry|Kenya}} |region2={{flagcountry|Djibouti}} |region3={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region4={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} | langs = [[Somali language|Somali]] | rels = [[Islam]] | related-c = Other [[Isaaq]],clan. }} '''Ciidagale''' (English: Eidagale'','' Arabic: عيدَ جلي''',''' Full Name:Daoud Ibn Ismail Shiekh Ishaaq) waa beel ka mid ah beelweynta Isaaq . Beeshu waxay degaan rasmiya ku tahay gobolka Maroodi jeex ee Somaliland iyo DDS Ethiopia. == Overview == The Eidagalle is a major Somali clan of the Isaaq clan family. Members of this clan are concentrated in Somaliland and the Somali region. They are the traditional holders of the Isaaq Sultanate since the 18th century. As descendants of Ismail bin Sheikh Isaaq, its members form a part of the Habar Magaadle confederation, and they constitute the largest sub-clan of the Isaaq.They traditionally consist of nomadic pastoralists, merchants and skilled poets. ==Distribution== [[File:Eidegalla map.jpg|thumb|left |Map of Somaliland showing distribution of the Eidagalle tribe in western and southwestern Somaliland]] The Eidagalle, largely clan make up a significant percentage of the population in Maroodi Jeex region of [[Somaliland]], as well as the Daroor, Aware and Misraq Gashamo zones in the Somali region of Ethiopia. They also live on the middle and south eastern side of [[Hargeisa]] as well as the Salahlay District in eastern Maroodi Jeex region. A subclan of the Eidagale, the Guuyoobe also inhabit the Oodweyne district in Togdheer region. They also have a large settlement in Kenya where they are known as a constituent segment of the Isahakia community.<ref>Diiriye, Anwar Maxamed (2006). Literature of Somali Onomastics & Proverbs with Comparison of Foreign Sayings.ISBN978-0-9726615.</ref><ref>Waal, Alexander De (1993). "Violent deeds live on: landmines in Somalia and Somaliland, p. 63</ref><ref>Lewis, I. M. (3 February 2017). I.M Lewis : peoples of the Horn of Africa. <nowiki>ISBN 9781315308173</nowiki>.</ref> ==History== ===Lineage=== Sheikh Ishaq was one of the scholars that crossed the sea from Arabia to the Horn of Africa to spread Islam around 12th to 13th century. Hence, Sheikh Ishaaq married two local women in Somaliland that left him eight sons, one of them being Ismail (Garhajis).<ref>I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), pp. 31 & 42</ref> === Medieval period === Historically the Eidagalle took part in the conquest of Abyssinia and were part of the Adal Sultanate and are mentioned in the book ''Futuh Al-Habash'' (Conquest of Abyssinia) as the ''Habar Magaadle'' . The Habar Magaadle are known for producing a historical figure known as ''Ahmad Gurey bin Husain'' who was the right-hand man of [[:en:Ahmad_ibn_Ibrahim_al-Ghazi|Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi]].<ref>"مخطوطات > بهجة الزمان > الصفحة رقم 16". makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08-24.</ref> I. M. Lewis discusses the existence of another leader named Ahmad Gurey, and suggests that the two leaders have been conflated into one historical figure:<blockquote>The text refers to two Ahmad's with the nickname 'Left-handed'. One is regularly presented as 'Ahmad Guray, the Somali' (...) identified as Ahmad Gurey Xuseyn, chief of the Habar Magaadle. Another reference, however, appears to link the Habar Magadle with the Eidagal. The other Ahmad is simply referred to as 'Imam Ahmad' or simply the 'Imam'.This Ahmad is not qualified by the adjective Somali (...) The two Ahmad's have been conflated into one figure, the heroic Ahmed Guray<ref>Morin, Didier (2004). Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982 (in French). KARTHALA Editions. <nowiki>ISBN 9782845864924</nowiki>.</ref></blockquote> [[File:HargeisaCloseup1885.png|thumb|275px|Close-up of an 1885 Royal Geographical Society map, showing Hargeisa (Harrer-es-Sagheer) as well as the Eidagale subtribe (Eed-a-galleh) residing within and around the town. The Naasa Hablood hills (Nas Hubla) can also be seen in the map]] For centuries, the tomb of sheikh [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yusuf_bin_Ahmad_al-Kawneyn Aw Barkhadle], which is located between [[Berbera]] and [[Hargeisa]], was used by the Isaaq clans to settle disputes and to swear oaths of alliances under a holy relic attributed to Bilal Ibn Rabah. As traditional leaders of the [[Isaaq]] clans, the Eidagale placed themselves as mediators during the disputes. <blockquote>When any grave question arises affecting the interests of the Isaakh tribe in general. On a paper yet carefully preserved in the tomb, and bearing the sign-manual of Belat [Bilal], the slave of one of the early khaleefehs, fresh oaths of lasting friendship and lasting alliances are made...In the season of 1846 this relic was brought to Berbera in charge of the Haber Gerhajis, and on it the rival tribes of Aial Ahmed and Aial Yunus swore to bury all animosity and live as brethren.<ref>"The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62". 1849.</ref></blockquote> The Eidagalle were renowned for their equestrian skills, and their devastating raids extended between the coast and the interior. According to Swayne, who traversed through Somaliland in the late 19th century, the Eidagalle were amongst the clans most addicted to raiding: <blockquote>The tribes near the northern coast most addicted to raiding appear to be the Habr Awal, the Eidagalle, and the Habr Gerhajis.<ref>Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 40.</ref></blockquote> Apart from their equestrian skills, the Eidagalle are also famed for their eloquence in traditional Somali poetry (gabay), producing many famous poets such as Xasan Tarabi and Elmi Boodhari. Historically, the Eidagale were viewed as "the recognized experts in the composition of poetry" by their fellow Somali contemporaries:<ref>Diriye, p. 75.</ref> <blockquote>Among the tribes, the Eidagalle are the recognized experts in the composition of poetry. One individual poet of the Eidagalle may be no better than a good poet of another tribe, but the Eidagalla appear to have more poets than any other tribe. "if you had a hundred Eidagalle men here," Hersi Jama once told me, "And asked which of them could sing his own gabei ninety-five would be able to sing. The others would still be learning."<ref>Laurance, Margaret. A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.</ref></blockquote> For centuries, the Eidagalle were influential stakeholders in the long-distance Somali caravan trade. Eidagalle merchants procured various goods from the Somali Region in present-day [[Ethiopia]], such as [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livestock livestock], acacia gum, myrrh and ghee, which were subsequently exported to Southern Arabia. The Eidagale caravan merchants founded several inland trade entrepôts in the interior, which also includes the modern city of [[Hargeisa]], founded in the 19th century as a caravan junction between [[Berbera]] and the Somali interior.<ref>Journal of African Languages. University of Michigan Press. 1963. p. 27.</ref><ref>Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 96.</ref> <blockquote>Somalis of the Habr Gerhajis tribe arrive from Ogadain with feathers, myrrh, gum, sheep, cattle, and ghee, carrying away in exchange piece goods; they also make four trips in the season; they remain for less than a month, and during their stay reside with fellow-tribesmen, taking their meals in the mokhbâzah or eating-house.<ref>Hunter, Frederick (1877). An Account of the British Settlement of Aden in Arabia. Cengage Gale. p. 41.</ref></blockquote> == Clan tree== [[File:Imaam Ahmed Gurey.jpg|thumb|Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi, the General Rular of the Adal Sultanate.]] A summarized clan family tree of the Eidagalle is presented below.<ref name="survey 147">Hunt, John A. (1951). A general survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944-1950. Wayback Machine (archived 2 February 2022). p. 147.</ref> *Daoud (Eidagalle) **[[Maxamed Daoud|Mohamed Daoud]] (Guyoobe) ***Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal) ***Ali Mohamed (Afwayne) (7 Clan branch) ***Urkurag Mohamed ****Ali Urkurag *****Fiqi Sa'ad Ali *****Mahamoud Ali *****Ahmed Ali *****Ismail Ali ******Ali Ismail *******Osman Ali *******Jama Ali *******Awga Ali *******Yonis Ali *******Ileiye Ali *******Hagga Ali *******Farah Ali ********Hassan Farah *******Nuh Ali ********Ali Nuh *******Aden Ali ********Guled Aden ********Ali Aden *******Roble Ali ********Hassan Roble ********Ali Roble *********Abdalle Ali ********Geedi Abdalle ********Mahamed Abdalle **Abokor Daoud ***Bilaal Abokor ****Mohamed Bilaal *****Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal) *****Farah Mohamed *****Hassan Mohamed *****Abdi Mohamed ******Ali Abdi ******Geedi Abdi ******Aden Abdi *****Abdalle Mohamed ******Samater Abdalle ******Ali Abdalle ******Aden Abdalle ***Issa Abokor ****Mohamed Isse *****Deria Mohamed *****Dualeh Mohamed *****Musa Mohammed ****Hassan Isse *****Allamagan Hassan *****Afi Hassan *****Abar Hassan *****Hujale Hassan *****Yusuf Hasan **Muse Daoud ***Abokor Muuse ****Mohamed Abokor *****Abokor Mohamed ******Hassan Abokor *******Muse Hassan *******Laqshe Hassan *******Basiralle Hassan *******Dhimbil Hassan ********Mohammed Dhimbil *********Musa Mohammed **********Adawe Muse ***********Allamagan Adawe ***********Absiye Adawe ***********Yusuf Adawe ***********Farah Adaw **********Aden Muse ***********Had Aden ***********Deria Aden ***********Geedi Aden ***********Abane Aden ***********Roble Aden ***********Boqorre Aden ************Sugulle Boqorre ************Yusuf Boqorre ************Egal Boqorre ************Abdi Boqorre ************Liban Boqorre *********Fatah Mohammed *********Muawiye Mohammed *********Guled Mohammed ********Muuse Dhimbil *********Abdalle Muuse (Rer Abdalle) **********Jibril Abdalle ***********Kaliil Jibril ************Calanle ************Abdi ************Ismail ************Indhoad ***********Aden Jibril ************Nur Aden ************Benin Aden ************Musa Aden ************Ali Adan ************Cileye Adan ************Adan Adan *************Ahmed Aden *************Eiye Aden ***********Abdi Jibril ************Ali Abdi ************Nour Abdi ************Benin Abdi ************Abdille Abdi *************Gallab Abdille *************Eiye Abdille (Rer Eiye) **************Guled Eiye **************Abokor Eiye **************Kaliil Eiye **************Hagar Eiye *************Mohamed Abdille **************Ahmad Mahamed ***************Ali Ahmed ****************Abdi Ali ****************kaliil Ali ****************Deria Ali ***************Gubadle Ahmed ***************Samter Ahmed *********Mohamoud Muuse (Rer Maxamuud) **********Shirdon Mohamoud ***********Farah Shirdon ***********Jama Shirdon ***********Yusuf Shirdon **********Hildiid Mohamoud ***********Ali Hildiid ***********Odawa Hildiid ***********Geedi Hildiid ***********Abokor Hildiid ***********Hersi Hildiid ********Ahmed Dhimbil *********Muse Ahmed *********Liban Ahmed **********Abdi Liban ***********Ismail Abdi (Ayansame) ************Aden Ismail ************Hildiid Ismail ************Imaan Ismail ************Bulale Ismail ************Farah Ismail ***********Mohamed Ahmed (Addeh) ************Sarar Mohamed *************Nour Sarar *************Mohamed (Hersi) Sarar ************Ahmed (Bedar) Mohamed *************Koshin Ahmed *************Samter Ahmed *************Uballe Ahmed *************Karie Ahmed *************Mohamed Ahmed *******Aden Abokor ********Awal Aden(Rer Awal) *********Abdi Awal **********Had Abdi **********Omar Abdi **********Nur Abdi **********Ibrahim Abdi **********Mohamoud Abdi ********Hassan Aden *********Ziyad Hassan *********Odawa Hassan *********Ladon Hassan **********Aden Ladon **********Farah Ladon *********Abdalle Hassan **********Ahmed Abdalle ***********Geedi Ahmed ************Ali Geedi ************Geele Geedi ************Hode Geedi ************Samter Geedi ************Musa Geedi ************Allamgan Geedi ***********Halas Ahmed ***********Egal Ahmed *********Ali Abdalle *********Abdi Abdalle (Abdi Waddago) ***Abdirahman Muuse ****Yunis Abdirahman *****Adan Yonis ******Siad Aden ******Mohamed Aden ******Ali Adan ******Egal Adan *******Warmoog Egal *******Hassan Egal ******Muse Adan *******Warsame ********Ismail ********Liban *****Ugaadh Yonis *****Ismail Yonis *****Mohamed Yonis ******Gadid Mohamed ******Mahamoud Mohamed ******Ali Mohamed *******Saeed Ali *******Yaay Ali *******Guled Ali ********Gadid Guled ********Hassan Guled ********Osman Guled *********Gutale Osman (Rer Gutale) *********Naleye Osman **********kadiye Naleye ***********Warsame kadiye ****Abdulle Abdirahman *****Mohamed Abdulle (Bah Daylo) ******Gadid Mohamed *******Abdalle Gadid ******Abdulle Mohamed *******Hasan Abdulle *******Aden Abdulle *******Fatah Aden *******Ali Aden ********Hode Ali ********Geldon Ali ********Roble Ali ********Odawa Ali *********Koshin Odawa *********Guled Odawa *********Mahad Odawa *********Naleye Odawa *********Hagar Odawa **********Cawad Hager ******Loge Mohamed *******Adawe Loge *******Egal Loge *******Mohamed Loge ********Yusuf Mohamed (Baho Loge) ********Afi Mohamed (Baho Loge) ********Ali Mohamed (Baho Loge) ********Samater Mahamed *********Dable Samater ********Hildiid Mahamed *********Ali Hildiid **********Galan Ali (Baha Ali) **********Geedi Ali (Baha Ali) **********Absiye Ali (Rer Absie) *****Ibrahim Abdulle ******Kul Ibrahim (Rer Kul) ******Abdi Ibrahim (Abdi Dheere) *******Hildiid Abdi *******Burale Abdi *******Roble Abdi *******Geedi Abdi *******Qabile Abdi ******Abokor Ibrahim *******Iidle Abokor (Rer Iidle) ********Ismail Iidle *********Yusuf Ismail **********Farah Yusuf ***********Ali Farah *********Harun Ismail **********Nageye Harun ***********Hildiid Nageye ***********Hugur Nageye **********Wais Harun **********Hassan Harun ***********Ali Hassan ************Gabal Ali ************Yusuf Ali ************Hussein Ali ************Isse Ali (Rer Haji Isse) *************Wahid Isse *************Mohamed Isse ********Barre Iidle *********Samter Barre **********Wais Samter *********Abokor Barre *********Habarwa Barre *********Hildiid Barre **********Egal Hildiid **********Had Hildiid *********Liban Barre *********Ali Barre *********Yabaal Barre *********Osman Barre *******Hussein Abokor Matan (Gaashabuur) ********Roble Matan (Rer Roble) *********Abdille Roble *********Benin Roble *********Jibril Roble *********Guled Roble *********Barre Roble *********Mohamed Roble ********Hamud Matan (Rer Hamud) *********Adawe Hamud (Rer Adawe) **********Gabllah Adawe **********Abdalle Adawe **********Hersi Adawe **********Yusuf Adawe *********Benin Hamud *********Abdalle Hamud *********Ciroole Hamud *********Ali Hamud *********Bayle Hamud *********Fahiye Hamud ********Adan Matan *********Abane Adan **********Abtidon Abane **********Wager Abane ***********Ali Wager ***********Aden Wager ***********Mohamed wager *********Burale Adan (Rer Burale) **********Suban Burale **********Gabal Burale **********Samter Burale ***********Egal Samter ***********Hersi Samter ************Warfa Hersi ***********Sarar Samter ************Dualeh Sarer ************Shirdon Sarer *********Muse Adan *********Barre Adan *********Ergin Adan *********Wais Adan *********Fiiin Adan *********Abdille Adan *********Damal Adan **********Gobdon Damal (Rer Gabdoon) ***********Ismail Gabdon ***********Ergin Gabdon ***********Quruh Gabdon ***********Gadi Gabdon ***********Fahiye Gabdon ***********Qalib Gabdon ***********Deria Gabdon (Rer Diriye) ************Jama Deria ************Awed Deria ************Roble Deria ************Farah Deria ************Naleye Deria ************Galab Deria ************Shire Deria ************Hussein Deria ************Warsame Deria ************Food Deria ************Yusuf Deria *********Ragsaleh Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Hode Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Fatah Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Gabib Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Boon Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Deria Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Esa Damal **********Aden Esa **********Guled Esa (Addeh) **********Warfa Esa (Gaal -Eri) **********Liban Esa (Rer Liban) ***********Deria Liban ************Ali Deria ************Abdi Deria ************Ladon Deria ***********Geedi Liban ************Warfa Geedi ************Aden Geedi ***********Afdhub Liban ***********Hared Liban ***********Bulale Liban ***********Jama Liban ***********Farah Liban **********Hassan Esa (Rer Hassan Isse) ***********Mohamed Hassan ***********Odawa Hassan ***********Shire Hassan ***********Bedar Hassan ***********Amarre Hassan ***********Ahmed Hassan ***********Abdi Hassan ************Ali Hassan *************Yusuf Ali ************Sharmake Hassan *************Nour Sharmake *************Hared Sharmake *************Arralleh Sharmake *************Hersi Sharmake *************Geele Sharmake *************Harti Sharmake *************Abune Sharmake **************Harti Abune **************Shire Abune **************Jama Abune **************Guled Abune **********Abdi Esa (Rer Abdi Isse) ***********Mohamed Abdi (Ba' Eli) ***********Amarre Abdi (Ba' Eli) ***********Sugulle Abdi (Ba' Eli) ***********Wais Abdi (Ba' Gooni) ***********Warfa Abdi (Ba' Gooni) ***********Ileiye Afwayne Abdi (Ba' Gooni) ***********Rage Abdi (Ba' Madhiedho) ************Absiye Rage ************Geele Rage (RerAw) ***********Dualeh Abdi (Ba' Madhiedho) ***********Awad Abdi (Ba' Awal) ***********Abdalle Abdi (Ba' Habarwa) ***********Ali Abdi (Ba' Samane) ***********Roble Abdi (Ba' Samane) ***********Abdi bari (Ba' Samane) ************Wais Abdi ************Habrwa Abdi ************Rage Abdi ************Awed Abdi ************Mohamed Abdi *************Ahmed Mohamed **************Elmi Ahmed ***************Ali Elmi ***************Naleye Elmi ***********Ainanshe Abdi (Ba' Iido) ***********Guled Abdi (Ba' Iido) ***********Aden Abdi (Ba' Iido) ***********Guled Abdi (Rer Guleed) ************Yusuf Guled ************Roble Guled ************Jama Guled ************Deria Guled ************Egal Guled ************Dualeh Guled *************Qawdhan Dualeh *************Nour Dualeh *************Mahamoud Dualeh ************Gatah Guled ************Magan Guled ************Warfaa Guled ************Ali Guled ************Abdi Guled ************Farah Guled *************Mohamed Farah *************Warfa Farah *************Hurre Farah *************Nour Farah *************Naleye Farah ==Notable people== *Abdillahi Deria – Prominent anti-colonial figure and 5th Grand Sultan of the Isaaq *Maxamed Mooge Liibaan (Baban) *Sh.Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Religious leader , and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization and Educational party (هيئة القرن الافريقي الخير ية) *Abwan Dheeg – Prominent Somali poet. *Faysal Ali Hussein *Ismail Hurre Buba *Eng Gaabuush – was a scholar and military leader at SNM *Kol Aden Guhad (Aden Wali) *Ahmed Mooge Liibaan *Hassan Guure Jama *Kol Ibrahim koodbuur *Eng Hussien Yusuf Ma'ash (Qooqane) *Haji Abdulkarim Hussein Yusuf (Abdi Warabe) – Is one of oldest and well known genuine traditional leaders in Somaliland. *Guled – 1st Grand Sultan of the Isaaq clan *Khadra Dahir Eige *Abwan Abdi Gahayr – legendary warrior and poet *Farah Guled – 2nd Grand Sultan of the Isaaq *Jama Mahamed Qalib –Served as speaker of the Somali Parliament during the Somali Republic's early civilian administration, between 1960 and 1964 *Abwan Hassan Mohamoud Shaywaal (Xasan Tarabi) *Muuse Ismail Qalilnle – Was a prominant Somali artist, musician, and singer *Kol. Abdi Yusuf Oday – Was Commander of training school at Awarre *Abdikarin Ahmed mooge *Siyasi Ali Ibraahim Mahamed (Cali Sanyare ) *Prof. Husien Mohamed Aden (Tansania) *Abwaan Hasan Qawadhan – Is well-known Somali poet who has written outstanding poetry. *Siyasi Ibrahim Mahdi buba *Sul Mohamed Abdi qadir (8th grand suldan of Isaaq) *Daud Mahamed – the ninth and current grand sultan *Hussein Mohamed Jiciir *Suldan Sakariye S.Mohamed S.C/Lahi S.Galal *Suldan Aden S.Farah S.Omar *Suldan Cisman Baane *Mohamoud Guure Hussein (Gaal-Eri) – Was a scholar who took part in SNM and was responsible for the office in Farance. And accountable for the foreign Staratic plociy in Somalia, during the Ogaden war. *Idiris Haji Cisman Gurey *Jama Mohammed Galib *Abwan Hassan Hussein – legendary warrior and poet. *Abwan Bashir Ismail Mire (Bashir Gabyaye) *Abdirahman Jama Andholeh – Anti Colonial fighter *Cabdiraxmaan Jamac Cadhoole – Halgama Waynaa ee ka Qayb Qaatay la'dagaalankii Gumastihii Faransiiska. *Ahmed koosar (Silanyo) – Is the commander of the Koodbur Brigade of the SNM *Mohamed Hassan Finad – Politician and Activist *Ahmed Mahamed dirye (Toorno) *Gen. Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib) – The Father of Somaliland Immigration border . *Abwan Ali Mooge Geedi Egal – Great Somali poet and well-known, who has written outstanding poetry *Hussien Mohamed Mahamoud (Huseen Hog) – Former Minister of Health of Somaliland *Kol Maxamed Hussein Qalinle *Khadar Hussien Abdi – Politician and Minster of the presidency of Somaliland. *Xaye Galaydh Farah – legendary warrior and poet *Abdishakur Dayib Mohamed – Journalist *Abdillahi Mohamed Dahir (Cukuse) *Omar Abdillahi Sayid – Former Hargeisa and Berbera Airport Manager *Sh. Shacaban Abdillahi *Sh.Khadar Abdillahi Badeed *Kol Jama Hussien – The Commander of SNM's Third Party Fighter *Elmi Boodhari *Hussein Arab Isse *Eng Abdirisaq Farah Wiiwa *Hussein Ali Mahamado – Activist And Founder Ina Guuxa Foundation *Sh.Cisman Langadhe *Nadiir Yusuf – Activist And Politician *Kol Dahir Ainanshe ( Moqosle) *Bihi Iman Eige – Minister of Finance of the Federal Government of Somalia *Kol Abdillahi Bihi Oday – The commander of the SNM mine force *Sucaad Ibrahim Abdi – Politician and Activist *Abdi Bidhan Dahir – Journalist *Fadumo faysal – The founder and CEO of Hoiwa Oy . *Jama Asker – Politician and Member of the Federal Parliament of Somalia *Abwan Ahmed Colaad (Qorane) – A famous poet and Member of Somalia Parliament *Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) –Islamic Scholar and Religious leader *Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member of the Federal Parliament of Somalia *Khaalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist and Founder kF Media *Kol Hahi – Is the leader of the SNM war tactic that reaches the military in Lasanod city. *Abwan Muse Ali Farur – prominent Somali poet *Mahdi Guled – Former prime minister of Somalia ===References=== 6eec9st5jzb00ifx227gwciioubp8j4 275574 275573 2025-06-10T18:02:00Z 197.231.201.216 275574 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Farac | | group = Eidagale <br> عيدَ جلي | image= |region1={{flagcountry|Kenya}} |region2={{flagcountry|Djibouti}} |region3={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region4={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} | langs = [[Somali language|Somali]] | rels = [[Islam]] | related-c = Other [[Isaaq]],clan. }} '''Ciidagale''' (English: Eidagale'','' Arabic: عيدَ جلي''',''' Full Name:Daoud Ibn Ismail Shiekh Ishaaq) waa beel ka mid ah beelweynta Isaaq . Beeshu waxay degaan rasmiya ku tahay gobolka Maroodi jeex ee Somaliland iyo DDS Ethiopia. == Overview == The Eidagalle is a major Somali clan of the Isaaq clan family. Members of this clan are concentrated in Somaliland and the Somali region. They are the traditional holders of the Isaaq Sultanate since the 18th century. As descendants of Ismail bin Sheikh Isaaq, its members form a part of the Habar Magaadle confederation, and they constitute the largest sub-clan of the Isaaq.They traditionally consist of nomadic pastoralists, merchants and skilled poets. ==Distribution== [[File:Eidegalla map.jpg|thumb|left |Map of Somaliland showing distribution of the Eidagalle tribe in western and southwestern Somaliland]] The Eidagalle, largely clan make up a significant percentage of the population in Maroodi Jeex region of [[Somaliland]], as well as the Daroor, Aware and Misraq Gashamo zones in the Somali region of Ethiopia. They also live on the middle and south eastern side of [[Hargeisa]] as well as the Salahlay District in eastern Maroodi Jeex region. A subclan of the Eidagale, the Guuyoobe also inhabit the Oodweyne district in Togdheer region. They also have a large settlement in Kenya where they are known as a constituent segment of the Isahakia community.<ref>Diiriye, Anwar Maxamed (2006). Literature of Somali Onomastics & Proverbs with Comparison of Foreign Sayings.ISBN978-0-9726615.</ref><ref>Waal, Alexander De (1993). "Violent deeds live on: landmines in Somalia and Somaliland, p. 63</ref><ref>Lewis, I. M. (3 February 2017). I.M Lewis : peoples of the Horn of Africa. <nowiki>ISBN 9781315308173</nowiki>.</ref> ==History== ===Lineage=== Sheikh Ishaq was one of the scholars that crossed the sea from Arabia to the Horn of Africa to spread Islam around 12th to 13th century. Hence, Sheikh Ishaaq married two local women in Somaliland that left him eight sons, one of them being Ismail (Garhajis).<ref>I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), pp. 31 & 42</ref> === Medieval period === Historically the Eidagalle took part in the conquest of Abyssinia and were part of the Adal Sultanate and are mentioned in the book ''Futuh Al-Habash'' (Conquest of Abyssinia) as the ''Habar Magaadle'' . The Habar Magaadle are known for producing a historical figure known as ''Ahmad Gurey bin Husain'' who was the right-hand man of [[:en:Ahmad_ibn_Ibrahim_al-Ghazi|Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi]].<ref>"مخطوطات > بهجة الزمان > الصفحة رقم 16". makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08-24.</ref> I. M. Lewis discusses the existence of another leader named Ahmad Gurey, and suggests that the two leaders have been conflated into one historical figure:<blockquote>The text refers to two Ahmad's with the nickname 'Left-handed'. One is regularly presented as 'Ahmad Guray, the Somali' (...) identified as Ahmad Gurey Xuseyn, chief of the Habar Magaadle. Another reference, however, appears to link the Habar Magadle with the Eidagal. The other Ahmad is simply referred to as 'Imam Ahmad' or simply the 'Imam'.This Ahmad is not qualified by the adjective Somali (...) The two Ahmad's have been conflated into one figure, the heroic Ahmed Guray<ref>Morin, Didier (2004). Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982 (in French). KARTHALA Editions. <nowiki>ISBN 9782845864924</nowiki>.</ref></blockquote> [[File:HargeisaCloseup1885.png|thumb|275px|Close-up of an 1885 Royal Geographical Society map, showing Hargeisa (Harrer-es-Sagheer) as well as the Eidagale subtribe (Eed-a-galleh) residing within and around the town. The Naasa Hablood hills (Nas Hubla) can also be seen in the map]] For centuries, the tomb of sheikh [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yusuf_bin_Ahmad_al-Kawneyn Aw Barkhadle], which is located between [[Berbera]] and [[Hargeisa]], was used by the Isaaq clans to settle disputes and to swear oaths of alliances under a holy relic attributed to Bilal Ibn Rabah. As traditional leaders of the [[Isaaq]] clans, the Eidagale placed themselves as mediators during the disputes. <blockquote>When any grave question arises affecting the interests of the Isaakh tribe in general. On a paper yet carefully preserved in the tomb, and bearing the sign-manual of Belat [Bilal], the slave of one of the early khaleefehs, fresh oaths of lasting friendship and lasting alliances are made...In the season of 1846 this relic was brought to Berbera in charge of the Haber Gerhajis, and on it the rival tribes of Aial Ahmed and Aial Yunus swore to bury all animosity and live as brethren.<ref>"The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62". 1849.</ref></blockquote> The Eidagalle were renowned for their equestrian skills, and their devastating raids extended between the coast and the interior. According to Swayne, who traversed through Somaliland in the late 19th century, the Eidagalle were amongst the clans most addicted to raiding: <blockquote>The tribes near the northern coast most addicted to raiding appear to be the Habr Awal, the Eidagalle, and the Habr Gerhajis.<ref>Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 40.</ref></blockquote> Apart from their equestrian skills, the Eidagalle are also famed for their eloquence in traditional Somali poetry (gabay), producing many famous poets such as Xasan Tarabi and Elmi Boodhari. Historically, the Eidagale were viewed as "the recognized experts in the composition of poetry" by their fellow Somali contemporaries:<ref>Diriye, p. 75.</ref> <blockquote>Among the tribes, the Eidagalle are the recognized experts in the composition of poetry. One individual poet of the Eidagalle may be no better than a good poet of another tribe, but the Eidagalla appear to have more poets than any other tribe. "if you had a hundred Eidagalle men here," Hersi Jama once told me, "And asked which of them could sing his own gabei ninety-five would be able to sing. The others would still be learning."<ref>Laurance, Margaret. A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.</ref></blockquote> For centuries, the Eidagalle were influential stakeholders in the long-distance Somali caravan trade. Eidagalle merchants procured various goods from the Somali Region in present-day [[Ethiopia]], such as [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livestock livestock], acacia gum, myrrh and ghee, which were subsequently exported to Southern Arabia. The Eidagale caravan merchants founded several inland trade entrepôts in the interior, which also includes the modern city of [[Hargeisa]], founded in the 19th century as a caravan junction between [[Berbera]] and the Somali interior.<ref>Journal of African Languages. University of Michigan Press. 1963. p. 27.</ref><ref>Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 96.</ref> <blockquote>Somalis of the Habr Gerhajis tribe arrive from Ogadain with feathers, myrrh, gum, sheep, cattle, and ghee, carrying away in exchange piece goods; they also make four trips in the season; they remain for less than a month, and during their stay reside with fellow-tribesmen, taking their meals in the mokhbâzah or eating-house.<ref>Hunter, Frederick (1877). An Account of the British Settlement of Aden in Arabia. Cengage Gale. p. 41.</ref></blockquote> == Clan tree== [[File:Imaam Ahmed Gurey.jpg|thumb|Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi, the General Rular of the Adal Sultanate.]] A summarized clan family tree of the Eidagalle is presented below.<ref name="survey 147">Hunt, John A. (1951). A general survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944-1950. Wayback Machine (archived 2 February 2022). p. 147.</ref> *Daoud (Eidagalle) **[[Maxamed Daoud|Mohamed Daoud]] (Guyoobe) ***Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal) ***Ali Mohamed (Afwayne) (7 Clan branch) ***Urkurag Mohamed ****Ali Urkurag *****Fiqi Sa'ad Ali *****Mahamoud Ali *****Ahmed Ali *****Ismail Ali ******Ali Ismail *******Osman Ali *******Jama Ali *******Awga Ali *******Yonis Ali *******Ileiye Ali *******Hagga Ali *******Farah Ali ********Hassan Farah *******Nuh Ali ********Ali Nuh *******Aden Ali ********Guled Aden ********Ali Aden *******Roble Ali ********Hassan Roble ********Ali Roble *********Abdalle Ali ********Geedi Abdalle ********Mahamed Abdalle **Abokor Daoud ***Bilaal Abokor ****Mohamed Bilaal *****Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal) *****Farah Mohamed *****Hassan Mohamed *****Abdi Mohamed ******Ali Abdi ******Geedi Abdi ******Aden Abdi *****Abdalle Mohamed ******Samater Abdalle ******Ali Abdalle ******Aden Abdalle ***Issa Abokor ****Mohamed Isse *****Deria Mohamed *****Dualeh Mohamed *****Musa Mohammed ****Hassan Isse *****Allamagan Hassan *****Afi Hassan *****Abar Hassan *****Hujale Hassan *****Yusuf Hasan **Muse Daoud ***Abokor Muuse ****Mohamed Abokor *****Abokor Mohamed ******Hassan Abokor *******Muse Hassan *******Laqshe Hassan *******Basiralle Hassan *******Dhimbil Hassan ********Mohammed Dhimbil *********Musa Mohammed **********Adawe Muse ***********Allamagan Adawe ***********Absiye Adawe ***********Yusuf Adawe ***********Farah Adaw **********Aden Muse ***********Had Aden ***********Deria Aden ***********Geedi Aden ***********Abane Aden ***********Roble Aden ***********Boqorre Aden ************Sugulle Boqorre ************Yusuf Boqorre ************Egal Boqorre ************Abdi Boqorre ************Liban Boqorre *********Fatah Mohammed *********Muawiye Mohammed *********Guled Mohammed ********Muuse Dhimbil *********Abdalle Muuse (Rer Abdalle) **********Jibril Abdalle ***********Kaliil Jibril ************Calanle ************Abdi ************Ismail ************Indhoad ***********Aden Jibril ************Nur Aden ************Benin Aden ************Musa Aden ************Ali Adan ************Cileye Adan ************Adan Adan *************Ahmed Aden *************Eiye Aden ***********Abdi Jibril ************Ali Abdi ************Nour Abdi ************Benin Abdi ************Abdille Abdi *************Gallab Abdille *************Eiye Abdille (Rer Eiye) **************Guled Eiye **************Abokor Eiye **************Kaliil Eiye **************Hagar Eiye *************Mohamed Abdille **************Ahmad Mahamed ***************Ali Ahmed ****************Abdi Ali ****************kaliil Ali ****************Deria Ali ***************Gubadle Ahmed ***************Samter Ahmed *********Mohamoud Muuse (Rer Maxamuud) **********Shirdon Mohamoud ***********Farah Shirdon ***********Jama Shirdon ***********Yusuf Shirdon **********Hildiid Mohamoud ***********Ali Hildiid ***********Odawa Hildiid ***********Geedi Hildiid ***********Abokor Hildiid ***********Hersi Hildiid ********Ahmed Dhimbil *********Muse Ahmed *********Liban Ahmed **********Abdi Liban ***********Ismail Abdi (Ayansame) ************Aden Ismail ************Hildiid Ismail ************Imaan Ismail ************Bulale Ismail ************Farah Ismail ***********Mohamed Ahmed (Addeh) ************Sarar Mohamed *************Nour Sarar *************Mohamed (Hersi) Sarar ************Ahmed (Bedar) Mohamed *************Koshin Ahmed *************Samter Ahmed *************Uballe Ahmed *************Karie Ahmed *************Mohamed Ahmed *******Aden Abokor ********Awal Aden (Rer Awal) *********Abdi Awal **********Had Abdi **********Omar Abdi **********Nur Abdi **********Ibrahim Abdi **********Mohamoud Abdi ********Hassan Aden *********Ziyad Hassan *********Odawa Hassan *********Ladon Hassan **********Aden Ladon **********Farah Ladon *********Abdalle Hassan **********Ahmed Abdalle ***********Geedi Ahmed ************Ali Geedi ************Geele Geedi ************Hode Geedi ************Samter Geedi ************Musa Geedi ************Allamgan Geedi ***********Halas Ahmed ***********Egal Ahmed *********Ali Abdalle *********Abdi Abdalle (Abdi Waddago) ***Abdirahman Muuse ****Yunis Abdirahman *****Adan Yonis ******Siad Aden ******Mohamed Aden ******Ali Adan ******Egal Adan *******Warmoog Egal *******Hassan Egal ******Muse Adan *******Warsame ********Ismail ********Liban *****Ugaadh Yonis *****Ismail Yonis *****Mohamed Yonis ******Gadid Mohamed ******Mahamoud Mohamed ******Ali Mohamed *******Saeed Ali *******Yaay Ali *******Guled Ali ********Gadid Guled ********Hassan Guled ********Osman Guled *********Gutale Osman (Rer Gutale) *********Naleye Osman **********kadiye Naleye ***********Warsame kadiye ****Abdulle Abdirahman *****Mohamed Abdulle (Bah Daylo) ******Gadid Mohamed *******Abdalle Gadid ******Abdulle Mohamed *******Hasan Abdulle *******Aden Abdulle *******Fatah Aden *******Ali Aden ********Hode Ali ********Geldon Ali ********Roble Ali ********Odawa Ali *********Koshin Odawa *********Guled Odawa *********Mahad Odawa *********Naleye Odawa *********Hagar Odawa **********Cawad Hager ******Loge Mohamed *******Adawe Loge *******Egal Loge *******Mohamed Loge ********Yusuf Mohamed (Baho Loge) ********Afi Mohamed (Baho Loge) ********Ali Mohamed (Baho Loge) ********Samater Mahamed *********Dable Samater ********Hildiid Mahamed *********Ali Hildiid **********Galan Ali (Baha Ali) **********Geedi Ali (Baha Ali) **********Absiye Ali (Rer Absie) *****Ibrahim Abdulle ******Kul Ibrahim (Rer Kul) ******Abdi Ibrahim (Abdi Dheere) *******Hildiid Abdi *******Burale Abdi *******Roble Abdi *******Geedi Abdi *******Qabile Abdi ******Abokor Ibrahim *******Iidle Abokor (Rer Iidle) ********Ismail Iidle *********Yusuf Ismail **********Farah Yusuf ***********Ali Farah *********Harun Ismail **********Nageye Harun ***********Hildiid Nageye ***********Hugur Nageye **********Wais Harun **********Hassan Harun ***********Ali Hassan ************Gabal Ali ************Yusuf Ali ************Hussein Ali ************Isse Ali (Rer Haji Isse) *************Wahid Isse *************Mohamed Isse ********Barre Iidle *********Samter Barre **********Wais Samter *********Abokor Barre *********Habarwa Barre *********Hildiid Barre **********Egal Hildiid **********Had Hildiid *********Liban Barre *********Ali Barre *********Yabaal Barre *********Osman Barre *******Hussein Abokor Matan (Gaashabuur) ********Roble Matan (Rer Roble) *********Abdille Roble *********Benin Roble *********Jibril Roble *********Guled Roble *********Barre Roble *********Mohamed Roble ********Hamud Matan (Rer Hamud) *********Adawe Hamud (Rer Adawe) **********Gabllah Adawe **********Abdalle Adawe **********Hersi Adawe **********Yusuf Adawe *********Benin Hamud *********Abdalle Hamud *********Ciroole Hamud *********Ali Hamud *********Bayle Hamud *********Fahiye Hamud ********Adan Matan *********Abane Adan **********Abtidon Abane **********Wager Abane ***********Ali Wager ***********Aden Wager ***********Mohamed wager *********Burale Adan (Rer Burale) **********Suban Burale **********Gabal Burale **********Samter Burale ***********Egal Samter ***********Hersi Samter ************Warfa Hersi ***********Sarar Samter ************Dualeh Sarer ************Shirdon Sarer *********Muse Adan *********Barre Adan *********Ergin Adan *********Wais Adan *********Fiiin Adan *********Abdille Adan *********Damal Adan **********Gobdon Damal (Rer Gabdoon) ***********Ismail Gabdon ***********Ergin Gabdon ***********Quruh Gabdon ***********Gadi Gabdon ***********Fahiye Gabdon ***********Qalib Gabdon ***********Deria Gabdon (Rer Diriye) ************Jama Deria ************Awed Deria ************Roble Deria ************Farah Deria ************Naleye Deria ************Galab Deria ************Shire Deria ************Hussein Deria ************Warsame Deria ************Food Deria ************Yusuf Deria *********Ragsaleh Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Hode Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Fatah Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Gabib Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Boon Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Deria Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Esa Damal **********Aden Esa **********Guled Esa (Addeh) **********Warfa Esa (Gaal -Eri) **********Liban Esa (Rer Liban) ***********Deria Liban ************Ali Deria ************Abdi Deria ************Ladon Deria ***********Geedi Liban ************Warfa Geedi ************Aden Geedi ***********Afdhub Liban ***********Hared Liban ***********Bulale Liban ***********Jama Liban ***********Farah Liban **********Hassan Esa (Rer Hassan Isse) ***********Mohamed Hassan ***********Odawa Hassan ***********Shire Hassan ***********Bedar Hassan ***********Amarre Hassan ***********Ahmed Hassan ***********Abdi Hassan ************Ali Hassan *************Yusuf Ali ************Sharmake Hassan *************Nour Sharmake *************Hared Sharmake *************Arralleh Sharmake *************Hersi Sharmake *************Geele Sharmake *************Harti Sharmake *************Abune Sharmake **************Harti Abune **************Shire Abune **************Jama Abune **************Guled Abune **********Abdi Esa (Rer Abdi Isse) ***********Mohamed Abdi (Ba' Eli) ***********Amarre Abdi (Ba' Eli) ***********Sugulle Abdi (Ba' Eli) ***********Wais Abdi (Ba' Gooni) ***********Warfa Abdi (Ba' Gooni) ***********Ileiye Afwayne Abdi (Ba' Gooni) ***********Rage Abdi (Ba' Madhiedho) ************Absiye Rage ************Geele Rage (RerAw) ***********Dualeh Abdi (Ba' Madhiedho) ***********Awad Abdi (Ba' Awal) ***********Abdalle Abdi (Ba' Habarwa) ***********Ali Abdi (Ba' Samane) ***********Roble Abdi (Ba' Samane) ***********Abdi bari (Ba' Samane) ************Wais Abdi ************Habrwa Abdi ************Rage Abdi ************Awed Abdi ************Mohamed Abdi *************Ahmed Mohamed **************Elmi Ahmed ***************Ali Elmi ***************Naleye Elmi ***********Ainanshe Abdi (Ba' Iido) ***********Guled Abdi (Ba' Iido) ***********Aden Abdi (Ba' Iido) ***********Guled Abdi (Rer Guleed) ************Yusuf Guled ************Roble Guled ************Jama Guled ************Deria Guled ************Egal Guled ************Dualeh Guled *************Qawdhan Dualeh *************Nour Dualeh *************Mahamoud Dualeh ************Gatah Guled ************Magan Guled ************Warfaa Guled ************Ali Guled ************Abdi Guled ************Farah Guled *************Mohamed Farah *************Warfa Farah *************Hurre Farah *************Nour Farah *************Naleye Farah ==Notable people== *Abdillahi Deria – Prominent anti-colonial figure and 5th Grand Sultan of the Isaaq *Maxamed Mooge Liibaan (Baban) *Sh.Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Religious leader , and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization and Educational party (هيئة القرن الافريقي الخير ية) *Abwan Dheeg – Prominent Somali poet. *Faysal Ali Hussein *Ismail Hurre Buba *Eng Gaabuush – was a scholar and military leader at SNM *Kol Aden Guhad (Aden Wali) *Ahmed Mooge Liibaan *Hassan Guure Jama *Kol Ibrahim koodbuur *Eng Hussien Yusuf Ma'ash (Qooqane) *Haji Abdulkarim Hussein Yusuf (Abdi Warabe) – Is one of oldest and well known genuine traditional leaders in Somaliland. *Guled – 1st Grand Sultan of the Isaaq clan *Khadra Dahir Eige *Abwan Abdi Gahayr – legendary warrior and poet *Farah Guled – 2nd Grand Sultan of the Isaaq *Jama Mahamed Qalib –Served as speaker of the Somali Parliament during the Somali Republic's early civilian administration, between 1960 and 1964 *Abwan Hassan Mohamoud Shaywaal (Xasan Tarabi) *Muuse Ismail Qalilnle – Was a prominant Somali artist, musician, and singer *Kol. Abdi Yusuf Oday – Was Commander of training school at Awarre *Abdikarin Ahmed mooge *Siyasi Ali Ibraahim Mahamed (Cali Sanyare ) *Prof. Husien Mohamed Aden (Tansania) *Abwaan Hasan Qawadhan – Is well-known Somali poet who has written outstanding poetry. *Siyasi Ibrahim Mahdi buba *Sul Mohamed Abdi qadir (8th grand suldan of Isaaq) *Daud Mahamed – the ninth and current grand sultan *Hussein Mohamed Jiciir *Suldan Sakariye S.Mohamed S.C/Lahi S.Galal *Suldan Aden S.Farah S.Omar *Suldan Cisman Baane *Mohamoud Guure Hussein (Gaal-Eri) – Was a scholar who took part in SNM and was responsible for the office in Farance. And accountable for the foreign Staratic plociy in Somalia, during the Ogaden war. *Idiris Haji Cisman Gurey *Jama Mohammed Galib *Abwan Hassan Hussein – legendary warrior and poet. *Abwan Bashir Ismail Mire (Bashir Gabyaye) *Abdirahman Jama Andholeh – Anti Colonial fighter *Cabdiraxmaan Jamac Cadhoole – Halgama Waynaa ee ka Qayb Qaatay la'dagaalankii Gumastihii Faransiiska. *Ahmed koosar (Silanyo) – Is the commander of the Koodbur Brigade of the SNM *Mohamed Hassan Finad – Politician and Activist *Ahmed Mahamed dirye (Toorno) *Gen. Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib) – The Father of Somaliland Immigration border . *Abwan Ali Mooge Geedi Egal – Great Somali poet and well-known, who has written outstanding poetry *Hussien Mohamed Mahamoud (Huseen Hog) – Former Minister of Health of Somaliland *Kol Maxamed Hussein Qalinle *Khadar Hussien Abdi – Politician and Minster of the presidency of Somaliland. *Xaye Galaydh Farah – legendary warrior and poet *Abdishakur Dayib Mohamed – Journalist *Abdillahi Mohamed Dahir (Cukuse) *Omar Abdillahi Sayid – Former Hargeisa and Berbera Airport Manager *Sh. Shacaban Abdillahi *Sh.Khadar Abdillahi Badeed *Kol Jama Hussien – The Commander of SNM's Third Party Fighter *Elmi Boodhari *Hussein Arab Isse *Eng Abdirisaq Farah Wiiwa *Hussein Ali Mahamado – Activist And Founder Ina Guuxa Foundation *Sh.Cisman Langadhe *Nadiir Yusuf – Activist And Politician *Kol Dahir Ainanshe ( Moqosle) *Bihi Iman Eige – Minister of Finance of the Federal Government of Somalia *Kol Abdillahi Bihi Oday – The commander of the SNM mine force *Sucaad Ibrahim Abdi – Politician and Activist *Abdi Bidhan Dahir – Journalist *Fadumo faysal – The founder and CEO of Hoiwa Oy . *Jama Asker – Politician and Member of the Federal Parliament of Somalia *Abwan Ahmed Colaad (Qorane) – A famous poet and Member of Somalia Parliament *Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) –Islamic Scholar and Religious leader *Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member of the Federal Parliament of Somalia *Khaalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist and Founder kF Media *Kol Hahi – Is the leader of the SNM war tactic that reaches the military in Lasanod city. *Abwan Muse Ali Farur – prominent Somali poet *Mahdi Guled – Former prime minister of Somalia ===References=== 1pu5js720zrth4i09mq955poncqd6hx 275578 275574 2025-06-10T21:24:52Z 197.231.201.216 275578 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Farac | | group = Eidagale <br> عيدَ جلي | image= |region1={{flagcountry|Kenya}} |region2={{flagcountry|Djibouti}} |region3={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region4={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} | langs = [[Somali language|Somali]] | rels = [[Islam]] | related-c = Other [[Isaaq]],clan. }} '''Ciidagale''' (English: Eidagale'','' Arabic: عيدَ جلي''',''' Full Name:Daoud Ibn Ismail Shiekh Ishaaq) waa beel ka mid ah beelweynta Isaaq . Beeshu waxay degaan rasmiya ku tahay gobolka Maroodi jeex ee Somaliland iyo DDS Ethiopia. == Overview == The Eidagalle is a major Somali clan of the Isaaq clan family. Members of this clan are concentrated in Somaliland and the Somali region. They are the traditional holders of the Isaaq Sultanate since the 18th century. As descendants of Ismail bin Sheikh Isaaq, its members form a part of the Habar Magaadle confederation, and they constitute the largest sub-clan of the Isaaq.They traditionally consist of nomadic pastoralists, merchants and skilled poets. ==Distribution== [[File:Eidegalla map.jpg|thumb|left |Map of Somaliland showing distribution of the Eidagalle tribe in western and southwestern Somaliland]] The Eidagalle, largely clan make up a significant percentage of the population in Maroodi Jeex region of [[Somaliland]], as well as the Daroor, Aware and Misraq Gashamo zones in the Somali region of Ethiopia. They also live on the middle and south eastern side of [[Hargeisa]] as well as the Salahlay District in eastern Maroodi Jeex region. A subclan of the Eidagale, the Guuyoobe also inhabit the Oodweyne district in Togdheer region. They also have a large settlement in Kenya where they are known as a constituent segment of the Isahakia community.<ref>Diiriye, Anwar Maxamed (2006). Literature of Somali Onomastics & Proverbs with Comparison of Foreign Sayings.ISBN978-0-9726615.</ref><ref>Waal, Alexander De (1993). "Violent deeds live on: landmines in Somalia and Somaliland, p. 63</ref><ref>Lewis, I. M. (3 February 2017). I.M Lewis : peoples of the Horn of Africa. <nowiki>ISBN 9781315308173</nowiki>.</ref> ==History== ===Lineage=== Sheikh Ishaq was one of the scholars that crossed the sea from Arabia to the Horn of Africa to spread Islam around 12th to 13th century. Hence, Sheikh Ishaaq married two local women in Somaliland that left him eight sons, one of them being Ismail (Garhajis).<ref>I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), pp. 31 & 42</ref> === Medieval period === Historically the Eidagalle took part in the conquest of Abyssinia and were part of the Adal Sultanate and are mentioned in the book ''Futuh Al-Habash'' (Conquest of Abyssinia) as the ''Habar Magaadle'' . The Habar Magaadle are known for producing a historical figure known as ''Ahmad Gurey bin Husain'' who was the right-hand man of [[:en:Ahmad_ibn_Ibrahim_al-Ghazi|Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi]].<ref>"مخطوطات > بهجة الزمان > الصفحة رقم 16". makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08-24.</ref> I. M. Lewis discusses the existence of another leader named Ahmad Gurey, and suggests that the two leaders have been conflated into one historical figure:<blockquote>The text refers to two Ahmad's with the nickname 'Left-handed'. One is regularly presented as 'Ahmad Guray, the Somali' (...) identified as Ahmad Gurey Xuseyn, chief of the Habar Magaadle. Another reference, however, appears to link the Habar Magadle with the Eidagal. The other Ahmad is simply referred to as 'Imam Ahmad' or simply the 'Imam'.This Ahmad is not qualified by the adjective Somali (...) The two Ahmad's have been conflated into one figure, the heroic Ahmed Guray<ref>Morin, Didier (2004). Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982 (in French). KARTHALA Editions. <nowiki>ISBN 9782845864924</nowiki>.</ref></blockquote> [[File:HargeisaCloseup1885.png|thumb|275px|Close-up of an 1885 Royal Geographical Society map, showing Hargeisa (Harrer-es-Sagheer) as well as the Eidagale subtribe (Eed-a-galleh) residing within and around the town. The Naasa Hablood hills (Nas Hubla) can also be seen in the map]] For centuries, the tomb of sheikh [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yusuf_bin_Ahmad_al-Kawneyn Aw Barkhadle], which is located between [[Berbera]] and [[Hargeisa]], was used by the Isaaq clans to settle disputes and to swear oaths of alliances under a holy relic attributed to Bilal Ibn Rabah. As traditional leaders of the [[Isaaq]] clans, the Eidagale placed themselves as mediators during the disputes. <blockquote>When any grave question arises affecting the interests of the Isaakh tribe in general. On a paper yet carefully preserved in the tomb, and bearing the sign-manual of Belat [Bilal], the slave of one of the early khaleefehs, fresh oaths of lasting friendship and lasting alliances are made...In the season of 1846 this relic was brought to Berbera in charge of the Haber Gerhajis, and on it the rival tribes of Aial Ahmed and Aial Yunus swore to bury all animosity and live as brethren.<ref>"The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62". 1849.</ref></blockquote> The Eidagalle were renowned for their equestrian skills, and their devastating raids extended between the coast and the interior. According to Swayne, who traversed through Somaliland in the late 19th century, the Eidagalle were amongst the clans most addicted to raiding: <blockquote>The tribes near the northern coast most addicted to raiding appear to be the Habr Awal, the Eidagalle, and the Habr Gerhajis.<ref>Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 40.</ref></blockquote> Apart from their equestrian skills, the Eidagalle are also famed for their eloquence in traditional Somali poetry (gabay), producing many famous poets such as Xasan Tarabi and Elmi Boodhari. Historically, the Eidagale were viewed as "the recognized experts in the composition of poetry" by their fellow Somali contemporaries:<ref>Diriye, p. 75.</ref> <blockquote>Among the tribes, the Eidagalle are the recognized experts in the composition of poetry. One individual poet of the Eidagalle may be no better than a good poet of another tribe, but the Eidagalla appear to have more poets than any other tribe. "if you had a hundred Eidagalle men here," Hersi Jama once told me, "And asked which of them could sing his own gabei ninety-five would be able to sing. The others would still be learning."<ref>Laurance, Margaret. A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.</ref></blockquote> For centuries, the Eidagalle were influential stakeholders in the long-distance Somali caravan trade. Eidagalle merchants procured various goods from the Somali Region in present-day [[Ethiopia]], such as [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livestock livestock], acacia gum, myrrh and ghee, which were subsequently exported to Southern Arabia. The Eidagale caravan merchants founded several inland trade entrepôts in the interior, which also includes the modern city of [[Hargeisa]], founded in the 19th century as a caravan junction between [[Berbera]] and the Somali interior.<ref>Journal of African Languages. University of Michigan Press. 1963. p. 27.</ref><ref>Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 96.</ref> <blockquote>Somalis of the Habr Gerhajis tribe arrive from Ogadain with feathers, myrrh, gum, sheep, cattle, and ghee, carrying away in exchange piece goods; they also make four trips in the season; they remain for less than a month, and during their stay reside with fellow-tribesmen, taking their meals in the mokhbâzah or eating-house.<ref>Hunter, Frederick (1877). An Account of the British Settlement of Aden in Arabia. Cengage Gale. p. 41.</ref></blockquote> == Clan tree== [[File:Imaam Ahmed Gurey.jpg|thumb|Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi, the General Rular of the Adal Sultanate.]] A summarized clan family tree of the Eidagalle is presented below.<ref name="survey 147">Hunt, John A. (1951). A general survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944-1950. Wayback Machine (archived 2 February 2022). p. 147.</ref> *Daoud (Eidagalle) **[[Maxamed Daoud|Mohamed Daoud]] (Guyoobe) ***Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal) ***Ali Mohamed (Afwayne) (7 Clan branch) ***Urkurag Mohamed ****Ali Urkurag *****Fiqi Sa'ad Ali *****Mahamoud Ali *****Ahmed Ali *****Ismail Ali ******Ali Ismail *******Osman Ali *******Jama Ali *******Awga Ali *******Yonis Ali *******Ileiye Ali *******Hagga Ali *******Farah Ali ********Hassan Farah *******Nuh Ali ********Ali Nuh *******Aden Ali ********Guled Aden ********Ali Aden *******Roble Ali ********Hassan Roble ********Ali Roble *********Abdalle Ali ********Geedi Abdalle ********Mahamed Abdalle **Abokor Daoud ***Bilaal Abokor ****Mohamed Bilaal *****Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal) *****Farah Mohamed *****Hassan Mohamed *****Abdi Mohamed ******Ali Abdi ******Geedi Abdi ******Aden Abdi *****Abdalle Mohamed ******Samater Abdalle ******Ali Abdalle ******Aden Abdalle ***Issa Abokor ****Mohamed Isse *****Deria Mohamed *****Dualeh Mohamed *****Musa Mohammed ****Hassan Isse *****Allamagan Hassan *****Afi Hassan *****Abar Hassan *****Hujale Hassan *****Yusuf Hasan **Muse Daoud ***Abokor Muuse ****Mohamed Abokor *****Abokor Mohamed ******Hassan Abokor *******Muse Hassan *******Laqshe Hassan *******Basiralle Hassan *******Dhimbil Hassan ********Mohammed Dhimbil *********Musa Mohammed **********Adawe Muse ***********Allamagan Adawe ***********Absiye Adawe ***********Yusuf Adawe ***********Farah Adaw **********Aden Muse ***********Had Aden ***********Deria Aden ***********Geedi Aden ***********Abane Aden ***********Roble Aden ***********Boqorre Aden ************Sugulle Boqorre ************Yusuf Boqorre ************Egal Boqorre ************Abdi Boqorre ************Liban Boqorre *********Fatah Mohammed *********Muawiye Mohammed *********Guled Mohammed ********Muuse Dhimbil (Danwayne) *********Abdalle Muuse (Rer Abdalle) **********Jibril Abdalle ***********Kaliil Jibril ************Calanle ************Abdi ************Ismail ************Indhoad ***********Aden Jibril ************Nur Aden ************Benin Aden ************Musa Aden ************Ali Adan ************Cileye Adan ************Adan Adan *************Ahmed Aden *************Eiye Aden ***********Abdi Jibril ************Ali Abdi ************Nour Abdi ************Benin Abdi ************Abdille Abdi *************Gallab Abdille *************Eiye Abdille (Rer Eiye) **************Guled Eiye **************Abokor Eiye **************Kaliil Eiye **************Hagar Eiye *************Mohamed Abdille **************Ahmad Mahamed ***************Ali Ahmed ****************Abdi Ali ****************kaliil Ali ****************Deria Ali ***************Gubadle Ahmed ***************Samter Ahmed *********Mohamoud Muuse (Rer Maxamuud) **********Shirdon Mohamoud ***********Farah Shirdon ***********Jama Shirdon ***********Yusuf Shirdon **********Hildiid Mohamoud ***********Ali Hildiid ***********Odawa Hildiid ***********Geedi Hildiid ***********Abokor Hildiid ***********Hersi Hildiid ********Ahmed Dhimbil *********Muse Ahmed *********Liban Ahmed **********Abdi Liban ***********Ismail Abdi (Ayansame) ************Aden Ismail ************Hildiid Ismail ************Imaan Ismail ************Bulale Ismail ************Farah Ismail ***********Mohamed Ahmed (Addeh) ************Sarar Mohamed *************Nour Sarar *************Mohamed (Hersi) Sarar ************Ahmed (Bedar) Mohamed *************Koshin Ahmed *************Samter Ahmed *************Uballe Ahmed *************Karie Ahmed *************Mohamed Ahmed *******Aden Abokor ********Awal Aden (Rer Awal) *********Abdi Awal **********Had Abdi **********Omar Abdi **********Nur Abdi **********Ibrahim Abdi **********Mohamoud Abdi ********Hassan Aden *********Ziyad Hassan *********Odawa Hassan *********Ladon Hassan **********Aden Ladon **********Farah Ladon *********Abdalle Hassan **********Ahmed Abdalle ***********Geedi Ahmed ************Ali Geedi ************Geele Geedi ************Hode Geedi ************Samter Geedi ************Musa Geedi ************Allamgan Geedi ***********Halas Ahmed ***********Egal Ahmed *********Ali Abdalle *********Abdi Abdalle (Abdi Waddago) ***Abdirahman Muuse ****Yunis Abdirahman *****Adan Yonis ******Siad Aden ******Mohamed Aden ******Ali Adan ******Egal Adan *******Warmoog Egal *******Hassan Egal ******Muse Adan *******Warsame ********Ismail ********Liban *****Ugaadh Yonis *****Ismail Yonis *****Mohamed Yonis ******Gadid Mohamed ******Mahamoud Mohamed ******Ali Mohamed *******Saeed Ali *******Yaay Ali *******Guled Ali ********Gadid Guled ********Hassan Guled ********Osman Guled *********Gutale Osman (Rer Gutale) *********Naleye Osman **********kadiye Naleye ***********Warsame kadiye ****Abdulle Abdirahman *****Mohamed Abdulle (Bah Daylo) ******Gadid Mohamed *******Abdalle Gadid ******Abdulle Mohamed *******Hasan Abdulle *******Aden Abdulle *******Fatah Aden *******Ali Aden ********Hode Ali ********Geldon Ali ********Roble Ali ********Odawa Ali *********Koshin Odawa *********Guled Odawa *********Mahad Odawa *********Naleye Odawa *********Hagar Odawa **********Cawad Hager ******Loge Mohamed *******Adawe Loge *******Egal Loge *******Mohamed Loge ********Yusuf Mohamed (Baho Loge) ********Afi Mohamed (Baho Loge) ********Ali Mohamed (Baho Loge) ********Samater Mahamed *********Dable Samater ********Hildiid Mahamed *********Ali Hildiid **********Galan Ali (Baha Ali) **********Geedi Ali (Baha Ali) **********Absiye Ali (Rer Absie) *****Ibrahim Abdulle ******Kul Ibrahim (Rer Kul) ******Abdi Ibrahim (Abdi Dheere) *******Hildiid Abdi *******Burale Abdi *******Roble Abdi *******Geedi Abdi *******Qabile Abdi ******Abokor Ibrahim *******Iidle Abokor (Rer Iidle) ********Ismail Iidle *********Yusuf Ismail **********Farah Yusuf ***********Ali Farah *********Harun Ismail **********Nageye Harun ***********Hildiid Nageye ***********Hugur Nageye **********Wais Harun **********Hassan Harun ***********Ali Hassan ************Gabal Ali ************Yusuf Ali ************Hussein Ali ************Isse Ali (Rer Haji Isse) *************Wahid Isse *************Mohamed Isse ********Barre Iidle *********Samter Barre **********Wais Samter *********Abokor Barre *********Habarwa Barre *********Hildiid Barre **********Egal Hildiid **********Had Hildiid *********Liban Barre *********Ali Barre *********Yabaal Barre *********Osman Barre *******Hussein Abokor Matan (Gaashabuur) ********Roble Matan (Rer Roble) *********Abdille Roble *********Benin Roble *********Jibril Roble *********Guled Roble *********Barre Roble *********Mohamed Roble ********Hamud Matan (Rer Hamud) *********Adawe Hamud (Rer Adawe) **********Gabllah Adawe **********Abdalle Adawe **********Hersi Adawe **********Yusuf Adawe *********Benin Hamud *********Abdalle Hamud *********Ciroole Hamud *********Ali Hamud *********Bayle Hamud *********Fahiye Hamud ********Adan Matan *********Abane Adan **********Abtidon Abane **********Wager Abane ***********Ali Wager ***********Aden Wager ***********Mohamed wager *********Burale Adan (Rer Burale) **********Suban Burale **********Gabal Burale **********Samter Burale ***********Egal Samter ***********Hersi Samter ************Warfa Hersi ***********Sarar Samter ************Dualeh Sarer ************Shirdon Sarer *********Muse Adan *********Barre Adan *********Ergin Adan *********Wais Adan *********Fiiin Adan *********Abdille Adan *********Damal Adan **********Gobdon Damal (Rer Gabdoon) ***********Ismail Gabdon ***********Ergin Gabdon ***********Quruh Gabdon ***********Gadi Gabdon ***********Fahiye Gabdon ***********Qalib Gabdon ***********Deria Gabdon (Rer Diriye) ************Jama Deria ************Awed Deria ************Roble Deria ************Farah Deria ************Naleye Deria ************Galab Deria ************Shire Deria ************Hussein Deria ************Warsame Deria ************Food Deria ************Yusuf Deria *********Ragsaleh Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Hode Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Fatah Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Gabib Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Boon Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Deria Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Esa Damal **********Aden Esa **********Guled Esa (Addeh) **********Warfa Esa (Gaal -Eri) **********Liban Esa (Rer Liban) ***********Deria Liban ************Ali Deria ************Abdi Deria ************Ladon Deria ***********Geedi Liban ************Warfa Geedi ************Aden Geedi ***********Afdhub Liban ***********Hared Liban ***********Bulale Liban ***********Jama Liban ***********Farah Liban **********Hassan Esa (Rer Hassan Isse) ***********Mohamed Hassan ***********Odawa Hassan ***********Shire Hassan ***********Bedar Hassan ***********Amarre Hassan ***********Ahmed Hassan ***********Abdi Hassan ************Ali Hassan *************Yusuf Ali ************Sharmake Hassan *************Nour Sharmake *************Hared Sharmake *************Arralleh Sharmake *************Hersi Sharmake *************Geele Sharmake *************Harti Sharmake *************Abune Sharmake **************Harti Abune **************Shire Abune **************Jama Abune **************Guled Abune **********Abdi Esa (Rer Abdi Isse) ***********Mohamed Abdi (Ba' Eli) ***********Amarre Abdi (Ba' Eli) ***********Sugulle Abdi (Ba' Eli) ***********Wais Abdi (Ba' Gooni) ***********Warfa Abdi (Ba' Gooni) ***********Ileiye Afwayne Abdi (Ba' Gooni) ***********Rage Abdi (Ba' Madhiedho) ************Absiye Rage ************Geele Rage (RerAw) ***********Dualeh Abdi (Ba' Madhiedho) ***********Awad Abdi (Ba' Awal) ***********Abdalle Abdi (Ba' Habarwa) ***********Ali Abdi (Ba' Samane) ***********Roble Abdi (Ba' Samane) ***********Abdi bari (Ba' Samane) ************Wais Abdi ************Habrwa Abdi ************Rage Abdi ************Awed Abdi ************Mohamed Abdi *************Ahmed Mohamed **************Elmi Ahmed ***************Ali Elmi ***************Naleye Elmi ***********Ainanshe Abdi (Ba' Iido) ***********Guled Abdi (Ba' Iido) ***********Aden Abdi (Ba' Iido) ***********Guled Abdi (Rer Guleed) ************Yusuf Guled ************Roble Guled ************Jama Guled ************Deria Guled ************Egal Guled ************Dualeh Guled *************Qawdhan Dualeh *************Nour Dualeh *************Mahamoud Dualeh ************Gatah Guled ************Magan Guled ************Warfaa Guled ************Ali Guled ************Abdi Guled ************Farah Guled *************Mohamed Farah *************Warfa Farah *************Hurre Farah *************Nour Farah *************Naleye Farah ==Notable people== *Abdillahi Deria – Prominent anti-colonial figure and 5th Grand Sultan of the Isaaq *Maxamed Mooge Liibaan (Baban) *Sh.Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Religious leader , and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization and Educational party (هيئة القرن الافريقي الخير ية) *Abwan Dheeg – Prominent Somali poet. *Faysal Ali Hussein *Ismail Hurre Buba *Eng Gaabuush – was a scholar and military leader at SNM *Kol Aden Guhad (Aden Wali) *Ahmed Mooge Liibaan *Hassan Guure Jama *Kol Ibrahim koodbuur *Eng Hussien Yusuf Ma'ash (Qooqane) *Haji Abdulkarim Hussein Yusuf (Abdi Warabe) – Is one of oldest and well known genuine traditional leaders in Somaliland. *Guled – 1st Grand Sultan of the Isaaq clan *Khadra Dahir Eige *Abwan Abdi Gahayr – legendary warrior and poet *Farah Guled – 2nd Grand Sultan of the Isaaq *Jama Mahamed Qalib –Served as speaker of the Somali Parliament during the Somali Republic's early civilian administration, between 1960 and 1964 *Abwan Hassan Mohamoud Shaywaal (Xasan Tarabi) *Muuse Ismail Qalilnle – Was a prominant Somali artist, musician, and singer *Kol. Abdi Yusuf Oday – Was Commander of training school at Awarre *Abdikarin Ahmed mooge *Siyasi Ali Ibraahim Mahamed (Cali Sanyare ) *Prof. Husien Mohamed Aden (Tansania) *Abwaan Hasan Qawadhan – Is well-known Somali poet who has written outstanding poetry. *Siyasi Ibrahim Mahdi buba *Sul Mohamed Abdi qadir (8th grand suldan of Isaaq) *Daud Mahamed – the ninth and current grand sultan *Hussein Mohamed Jiciir *Suldan Sakariye S.Mohamed S.C/Lahi S.Galal *Suldan Aden S.Farah S.Omar *Suldan Cisman Baane *Mohamoud Guure Hussein (Gaal-Eri) – Was a scholar who took part in SNM and was responsible for the office in Farance. And accountable for the foreign Staratic plociy in Somalia, during the Ogaden war. *Idiris Haji Cisman Gurey *Jama Mohammed Galib *Abwan Hassan Hussein – legendary warrior and poet. *Abwan Bashir Ismail Mire (Bashir Gabyaye) *Abdirahman Jama Andholeh – Anti Colonial fighter *Cabdiraxmaan Jamac Cadhoole – Halgama Waynaa ee ka Qayb Qaatay la'dagaalankii Gumastihii Faransiiska. *Ahmed koosar (Silanyo) – Is the commander of the Koodbur Brigade of the SNM *Mohamed Hassan Finad – Politician and Activist *Ahmed Mahamed dirye (Toorno) *Gen. Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib) – The Father of Somaliland Immigration border . *Abwan Ali Mooge Geedi Egal – Great Somali poet and well-known, who has written outstanding poetry *Hussien Mohamed Mahamoud (Huseen Hog) – Former Minister of Health of Somaliland *Kol Maxamed Hussein Qalinle *Khadar Hussien Abdi – Politician and Minster of the presidency of Somaliland. *Xaye Galaydh Farah – legendary warrior and poet *Abdishakur Dayib Mohamed – Journalist *Abdillahi Mohamed Dahir (Cukuse) *Omar Abdillahi Sayid – Former Hargeisa and Berbera Airport Manager *Sh. Shacaban Abdillahi *Sh.Khadar Abdillahi Badeed *Kol Jama Hussien – The Commander of SNM's Third Party Fighter *Elmi Boodhari *Hussein Arab Isse *Eng Abdirisaq Farah Wiiwa *Hussein Ali Mahamado – Activist And Founder Ina Guuxa Foundation *Sh.Cisman Langadhe *Nadiir Yusuf – Activist And Politician *Kol Dahir Ainanshe ( Moqosle) *Bihi Iman Eige – Minister of Finance of the Federal Government of Somalia *Kol Abdillahi Bihi Oday – The commander of the SNM mine force *Sucaad Ibrahim Abdi – Politician and Activist *Abdi Bidhan Dahir – Journalist *Fadumo faysal – The founder and CEO of Hoiwa Oy . *Jama Asker – Politician and Member of the Federal Parliament of Somalia *Abwan Ahmed Colaad (Qorane) – A famous poet and Member of Somalia Parliament *Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) –Islamic Scholar and Religious leader *Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member of the Federal Parliament of Somalia *Khaalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist and Founder kF Media *Kol Hahi – Is the leader of the SNM war tactic that reaches the military in Lasanod city. *Abwan Muse Ali Farur – prominent Somali poet *Mahdi Guled – Former prime minister of Somalia ===References=== gf519jopbvtwacb43rc3czxfhoax7p0 275579 275578 2025-06-10T21:53:29Z 197.231.201.216 275579 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Farac | | group = Eidagale <br> عيدَ جلي | image= |region1={{flagcountry|Kenya}} |region2={{flagcountry|Djibouti}} |region3={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}} |region4={{flagcountry|Somaliland}} | langs = [[Somali language|Somali]] | rels = [[Islam]] | related-c = Other [[Isaaq]],clan. }} '''Ciidagale''' (English: Eidagale'','' Arabic: عيدَ جلي''',''' Full Name:Daoud Ibn Ismail Shiekh Ishaaq) waa beel ka mid ah beelweynta Isaaq . Beeshu waxay degaan rasmiya ku tahay gobolka Maroodi jeex ee Somaliland iyo DDS Ethiopia. == Overview == The Eidagalle is a major Somali clan of the Isaaq clan family. Members of this clan are concentrated in Somaliland and the Somali region. They are the traditional holders of the Isaaq Sultanate since the 18th century. As descendants of Ismail bin Sheikh Isaaq, its members form a part of the Habar Magaadle confederation, and they constitute the largest sub-clan of the Isaaq.They traditionally consist of nomadic pastoralists, merchants and skilled poets. ==Distribution== [[File:Eidegalla map.jpg|thumb|left |Map of Somaliland showing distribution of the Eidagalle tribe in western and southwestern Somaliland]] The Eidagalle, largely clan make up a significant percentage of the population in Maroodi Jeex region of [[Somaliland]], as well as the Daroor, Aware and Misraq Gashamo zones in the Somali region of Ethiopia. They also live on the middle and south eastern side of [[Hargeisa]] as well as the Salahlay District in eastern Maroodi Jeex region. A subclan of the Eidagale, the Guuyoobe also inhabit the Oodweyne district in Togdheer region. They also have a large settlement in Kenya where they are known as a constituent segment of the Isahakia community.<ref>Diiriye, Anwar Maxamed (2006). Literature of Somali Onomastics & Proverbs with Comparison of Foreign Sayings.ISBN978-0-9726615.</ref><ref>Waal, Alexander De (1993). "Violent deeds live on: landmines in Somalia and Somaliland, p. 63</ref><ref>Lewis, I. M. (3 February 2017). I.M Lewis : peoples of the Horn of Africa. <nowiki>ISBN 9781315308173</nowiki>.</ref> ==History== ===Lineage=== Sheikh Ishaq was one of the scholars that crossed the sea from Arabia to the Horn of Africa to spread Islam around 12th to 13th century. Hence, Sheikh Ishaaq married two local women in Somaliland that left him eight sons, one of them being Ismail (Garhajis).<ref>I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), pp. 31 & 42</ref> === Medieval period === Historically the Eidagalle took part in the conquest of Abyssinia and were part of the Adal Sultanate and are mentioned in the book ''Futuh Al-Habash'' (Conquest of Abyssinia) as the ''Habar Magaadle'' . The Habar Magaadle are known for producing a historical figure known as ''Ahmad Gurey bin Husain'' who was the right-hand man of [[:en:Ahmad_ibn_Ibrahim_al-Ghazi|Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi]].<ref>"مخطوطات > بهجة الزمان > الصفحة رقم 16". makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08-24.</ref> I. M. Lewis discusses the existence of another leader named Ahmad Gurey, and suggests that the two leaders have been conflated into one historical figure:<blockquote>The text refers to two Ahmad's with the nickname 'Left-handed'. One is regularly presented as 'Ahmad Guray, the Somali' (...) identified as Ahmad Gurey Xuseyn, chief of the Habar Magaadle. Another reference, however, appears to link the Habar Magadle with the Eidagal. The other Ahmad is simply referred to as 'Imam Ahmad' or simply the 'Imam'.This Ahmad is not qualified by the adjective Somali (...) The two Ahmad's have been conflated into one figure, the heroic Ahmed Guray<ref>Morin, Didier (2004). Dictionnaire historique afar: 1288-1982 (in French). KARTHALA Editions. <nowiki>ISBN 9782845864924</nowiki>.</ref></blockquote> [[File:HargeisaCloseup1885.png|thumb|275px|Close-up of an 1885 Royal Geographical Society map, showing Hargeisa (Harrer-es-Sagheer) as well as the Eidagale subtribe (Eed-a-galleh) residing within and around the town. The Naasa Hablood hills (Nas Hubla) can also be seen in the map]] For centuries, the tomb of sheikh [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yusuf_bin_Ahmad_al-Kawneyn Aw Barkhadle], which is located between [[Berbera]] and [[Hargeisa]], was used by the Isaaq clans to settle disputes and to swear oaths of alliances under a holy relic attributed to Bilal Ibn Rabah. As traditional leaders of the [[Isaaq]] clans, the Eidagale placed themselves as mediators during the disputes. <blockquote>When any grave question arises affecting the interests of the Isaakh tribe in general. On a paper yet carefully preserved in the tomb, and bearing the sign-manual of Belat [Bilal], the slave of one of the early khaleefehs, fresh oaths of lasting friendship and lasting alliances are made...In the season of 1846 this relic was brought to Berbera in charge of the Haber Gerhajis, and on it the rival tribes of Aial Ahmed and Aial Yunus swore to bury all animosity and live as brethren.<ref>"The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society Volume 19 p.61-62". 1849.</ref></blockquote> The Eidagalle were renowned for their equestrian skills, and their devastating raids extended between the coast and the interior. According to Swayne, who traversed through Somaliland in the late 19th century, the Eidagalle were amongst the clans most addicted to raiding: <blockquote>The tribes near the northern coast most addicted to raiding appear to be the Habr Awal, the Eidagalle, and the Habr Gerhajis.<ref>Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 40.</ref></blockquote> Apart from their equestrian skills, the Eidagalle are also famed for their eloquence in traditional Somali poetry (gabay), producing many famous poets such as Xasan Tarabi and Elmi Boodhari. Historically, the Eidagale were viewed as "the recognized experts in the composition of poetry" by their fellow Somali contemporaries:<ref>Diriye, p. 75.</ref> <blockquote>Among the tribes, the Eidagalle are the recognized experts in the composition of poetry. One individual poet of the Eidagalle may be no better than a good poet of another tribe, but the Eidagalla appear to have more poets than any other tribe. "if you had a hundred Eidagalle men here," Hersi Jama once told me, "And asked which of them could sing his own gabei ninety-five would be able to sing. The others would still be learning."<ref>Laurance, Margaret. A tree for poverty: Somali poetry and prose. McMaster University Library Press. p. 27.</ref></blockquote> For centuries, the Eidagalle were influential stakeholders in the long-distance Somali caravan trade. Eidagalle merchants procured various goods from the Somali Region in present-day [[Ethiopia]], such as [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livestock livestock], acacia gum, myrrh and ghee, which were subsequently exported to Southern Arabia. The Eidagale caravan merchants founded several inland trade entrepôts in the interior, which also includes the modern city of [[Hargeisa]], founded in the 19th century as a caravan junction between [[Berbera]] and the Somali interior.<ref>Journal of African Languages. University of Michigan Press. 1963. p. 27.</ref><ref>Carlos-Swayne, Harald (1900). Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit to Abyssinia. p. 96.</ref> <blockquote>Somalis of the Habr Gerhajis tribe arrive from Ogadain with feathers, myrrh, gum, sheep, cattle, and ghee, carrying away in exchange piece goods; they also make four trips in the season; they remain for less than a month, and during their stay reside with fellow-tribesmen, taking their meals in the mokhbâzah or eating-house.<ref>Hunter, Frederick (1877). An Account of the British Settlement of Aden in Arabia. Cengage Gale. p. 41.</ref></blockquote> == Clan tree== [[File:Imaam Ahmed Gurey.jpg|thumb|Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi, the General Rular of the Adal Sultanate.]] A summarized clan family tree of the Eidagalle is presented below.<ref name="survey 147">Hunt, John A. (1951). A general survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944-1950. Wayback Machine (archived 2 February 2022). p. 147.</ref> *Daoud (Eidagalle) **[[Maxamed Daoud|Mohamed Daoud]] (Guyoobe) ***Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal) ***Ali Mohamed (Afwayne) (7 Clan branch) ***Urkurag Mohamed ****Ali Urkurag *****Fiqi Sa'ad Ali *****Mahamoud Ali *****Ahmed Ali *****Ismail Ali ******Ali Ismail *******Osman Ali *******Jama Ali *******Awga Ali *******Yonis Ali *******Ileiye Ali *******Hagga Ali *******Farah Ali ********Hassan Farah *******Nuh Ali ********Ali Nuh *******Aden Ali ********Guled Aden ********Ali Aden *******Roble Ali ********Hassan Roble ********Ali Roble *********Abdalle Ali ********Geedi Abdalle ********Mahamed Abdalle **Abokor Daoud ***Bilaal Abokor ****Mohamed Bilaal *****Egal Mohamed (Rer Cigal) *****Farah Mohamed *****Hassan Mohamed *****Abdi Mohamed ******Ali Abdi ******Geedi Abdi ******Aden Abdi *****Abdalle Mohamed ******Samater Abdalle ******Ali Abdalle ******Aden Abdalle ***Issa Abokor ****Mohamed Isse *****Deria Mohamed *****Dualeh Mohamed *****Musa Mohammed ****Hassan Isse *****Allamagan Hassan *****Afi Hassan *****Abar Hassan *****Hujale Hassan *****Yusuf Hasan **Muse Daoud ***Abokor Muuse ****Mohamed Abokor *****Abokor Mohamed ******Hassan Abokor *******Muse Hassan *******Laqshe Hassan *******Basiralle Hassan *******Dhimbil Hassan ********Mohammed Dhimbil *********Musa Mohammed **********Adawe Muse ***********Allamagan Adawe ***********Absiye Adawe ***********Yusuf Adawe ***********Farah Adaw **********Aden Muse ***********Had Aden ***********Deria Aden ***********Geedi Aden ***********Abane Aden ***********Roble Aden ***********Boqorre Aden ************Sugulle Boqorre ************Yusuf Boqorre ************Egal Boqorre ************Abdi Boqorre ************Liban Boqorre *********Fatah Mohammed *********Muawiye Mohammed *********Guled Mohammed ********Muuse Dhimbil *********Abdalle Muuse (Rer Abdalle) **********Jibril Abdalle ***********Kaliil Jibril ************Calanle ************Abdi ************Ismail ************Indhoad ***********Aden Jibril ************Nur Aden ************Benin Aden ************Musa Aden ************Ali Adan ************Cileye Adan ************Adan Adan *************Ahmed Aden *************Eiye Aden ***********Abdi Jibril ************Ali Abdi ************Nour Abdi ************Benin Abdi ************Abdille Abdi *************Gallab Abdille *************Eiye Abdille (Rer Eiye) **************Guled Eiye **************Abokor Eiye **************Kaliil Eiye **************Hagar Eiye *************Mohamed Abdille **************Ahmad Mahamed ***************Ali Ahmed ****************Abdi Ali ****************kaliil Ali ****************Deria Ali ***************Gubadle Ahmed ***************Samter Ahmed *********Mohamoud Muuse (Rer Maxamuud) **********Shirdon Mohamoud ***********Farah Shirdon ***********Jama Shirdon ***********Yusuf Shirdon **********Hildiid Mohamoud ***********Ali Hildiid ***********Odawa Hildiid ***********Geedi Hildiid ***********Abokor Hildiid ***********Hersi Hildiid ********Ahmed Dhimbil *********Muse Ahmed *********Liban Ahmed **********Abdi Liban ***********Ismail Abdi (Ayansame) ************Aden Ismail ************Hildiid Ismail ************Imaan Ismail ************Bulale Ismail ************Farah Ismail ***********Mohamed Ahmed (Addeh) ************Sarar Mohamed *************Nour Sarar *************Mohamed (Hersi) Sarar ************Ahmed (Bedar) Mohamed *************Koshin Ahmed *************Samter Ahmed *************Uballe Ahmed *************Karie Ahmed *************Mohamed Ahmed *******Aden Abokor ********Awal Aden (Rer Awal) *********Abdi Awal **********Had Abdi **********Omar Abdi **********Nur Abdi **********Ibrahim Abdi **********Mohamoud Abdi ********Hassan Aden *********Ziyad Hassan *********Odawa Hassan *********Ladon Hassan **********Aden Ladon **********Farah Ladon *********Abdalle Hassan **********Ahmed Abdalle ***********Geedi Ahmed ************Ali Geedi ************Geele Geedi ************Hode Geedi ************Samter Geedi ************Musa Geedi ************Allamgan Geedi ***********Halas Ahmed ***********Egal Ahmed *********Ali Abdalle *********Abdi Abdalle (Abdi Waddago) ***Abdirahman Muuse ****Yunis Abdirahman *****Adan Yonis ******Siad Aden ******Mohamed Aden ******Ali Adan ******Egal Adan *******Warmoog Egal *******Hassan Egal ******Muse Adan *******Warsame ********Ismail ********Liban *****Ugaadh Yonis *****Ismail Yonis *****Mohamed Yonis ******Gadid Mohamed ******Mahamoud Mohamed ******Ali Mohamed *******Saeed Ali *******Yaay Ali *******Guled Ali ********Gadid Guled ********Hassan Guled ********Osman Guled *********Gutale Osman (Rer Gutale) *********Naleye Osman **********kadiye Naleye ***********Warsame kadiye ****Abdulle Abdirahman *****Mohamed Abdulle (Bah Daylo) ******Gadid Mohamed *******Abdalle Gadid ******Abdulle Mohamed *******Hasan Abdulle *******Aden Abdulle *******Fatah Aden *******Ali Aden ********Hode Ali ********Geldon Ali ********Roble Ali ********Odawa Ali *********Koshin Odawa *********Guled Odawa *********Mahad Odawa *********Naleye Odawa *********Hagar Odawa **********Cawad Hager ******Loge Mohamed *******Adawe Loge *******Egal Loge *******Mohamed Loge ********Yusuf Mohamed (Baho Loge) ********Afi Mohamed (Baho Loge) ********Ali Mohamed (Baho Loge) ********Samater Mahamed *********Dable Samater ********Hildiid Mahamed *********Ali Hildiid **********Galan Ali (Baha Ali) **********Geedi Ali (Baha Ali) **********Absiye Ali (Rer Absie) *****Ibrahim Abdulle ******Kul Ibrahim (Rer Kul) ******Abdi Ibrahim (Abdi Dheere) *******Hildiid Abdi *******Burale Abdi *******Roble Abdi *******Geedi Abdi *******Qabile Abdi ******Abokor Ibrahim *******Iidle Abokor (Rer Iidle) ********Ismail Iidle *********Yusuf Ismail **********Farah Yusuf ***********Ali Farah *********Harun Ismail **********Nageye Harun ***********Hildiid Nageye ***********Hugur Nageye **********Wais Harun **********Hassan Harun ***********Ali Hassan ************Gabal Ali ************Yusuf Ali ************Hussein Ali ************Isse Ali (Rer Haji Isse) *************Wahid Isse *************Mohamed Isse ********Barre Iidle *********Samter Barre **********Wais Samter *********Abokor Barre *********Habarwa Barre *********Hildiid Barre **********Egal Hildiid **********Had Hildiid *********Liban Barre *********Ali Barre *********Yabaal Barre *********Osman Barre *******Hussein Abokor Matan (Gaashabuur) ********Roble Matan (Rer Roble) *********Abdille Roble *********Benin Roble *********Jibril Roble *********Guled Roble *********Barre Roble *********Mohamed Roble ********Hamud Matan (Rer Hamud) *********Adawe Hamud (Rer Adawe) **********Gabllah Adawe **********Abdalle Adawe **********Hersi Adawe **********Yusuf Adawe *********Benin Hamud *********Abdalle Hamud *********Ciroole Hamud *********Ali Hamud *********Bayle Hamud *********Fahiye Hamud ********Adan Matan *********Abane Adan **********Abtidon Abane **********Wager Abane ***********Ali Wager ***********Aden Wager ***********Mohamed wager *********Burale Adan (Rer Burale) **********Suban Burale **********Gabal Burale **********Samter Burale ***********Egal Samter ***********Hersi Samter ************Warfa Hersi ***********Sarar Samter ************Dualeh Sarer ************Shirdon Sarer *********Muse Adan *********Barre Adan *********Ergin Adan *********Wais Adan *********Fiiin Adan *********Abdille Adan *********Damal Adan **********Gobdon Damal (Rer Gabdoon) ***********Ismail Gabdon ***********Ergin Gabdon ***********Quruh Gabdon ***********Gadi Gabdon ***********Fahiye Gabdon ***********Qalib Gabdon ***********Deria Gabdon (Rer Diriye) ************Jama Deria ************Awed Deria ************Roble Deria ************Farah Deria ************Naleye Deria ************Galab Deria ************Shire Deria ************Hussein Deria ************Warsame Deria ************Food Deria ************Yusuf Deria *********Ragsaleh Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Hode Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Fatah Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Gabib Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Boon Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Deria Damal (Dhamal Yar Yar) *********Esa Damal **********Aden Esa **********Guled Esa (Addeh) **********Warfa Esa (Gaal -Eri) **********Liban Esa (Rer Liban) ***********Deria Liban ************Ali Deria ************Abdi Deria ************Ladon Deria ***********Geedi Liban ************Warfa Geedi ************Aden Geedi ***********Afdhub Liban ***********Hared Liban ***********Bulale Liban ***********Jama Liban ***********Farah Liban **********Hassan Esa (Rer Hassan Isse) ***********Mohamed Hassan ***********Odawa Hassan ***********Shire Hassan ***********Bedar Hassan ***********Amarre Hassan ***********Ahmed Hassan ***********Abdi Hassan ************Ali Hassan *************Yusuf Ali ************Sharmake Hassan *************Nour Sharmake *************Hared Sharmake *************Arralleh Sharmake *************Hersi Sharmake *************Geele Sharmake *************Harti Sharmake *************Abune Sharmake **************Harti Abune **************Shire Abune **************Jama Abune **************Guled Abune **********Abdi Esa (Rer Abdi Isse) ***********Mohamed Abdi (Ba' Eli) ***********Amarre Abdi (Ba' Eli) ***********Sugulle Abdi (Ba' Eli) ***********Wais Abdi (Ba' Gooni) ***********Warfa Abdi (Ba' Gooni) ***********Ileiye Afwayne Abdi (Ba' Gooni) ***********Rage Abdi (Ba' Madhiedho) ************Absiye Rage ************Geele Rage (RerAw) ***********Dualeh Abdi (Ba' Madhiedho) ***********Awad Abdi (Ba' Awal) ***********Abdalle Abdi (Ba' Habarwa) ***********Ali Abdi (Ba' Samane) ***********Roble Abdi (Ba' Samane) ***********Abdi bari (Ba' Samane) ************Wais Abdi ************Habrwa Abdi ************Rage Abdi ************Awed Abdi ************Mohamed Abdi *************Ahmed Mohamed **************Elmi Ahmed ***************Ali Elmi ***************Naleye Elmi ***********Ainanshe Abdi (Ba' Iido) ***********Guled Abdi (Ba' Iido) ***********Aden Abdi (Ba' Iido) ***********Guled Abdi (Rer Guleed) ************Yusuf Guled ************Roble Guled ************Jama Guled ************Deria Guled ************Egal Guled ************Dualeh Guled *************Qawdhan Dualeh *************Nour Dualeh *************Mahamoud Dualeh ************Gatah Guled ************Magan Guled ************Warfaa Guled ************Ali Guled ************Abdi Guled ************Farah Guled *************Mohamed Farah *************Warfa Farah *************Hurre Farah *************Nour Farah *************Naleye Farah ==Notable people== *Abdillahi Deria – Prominent anti-colonial figure and 5th Grand Sultan of the Isaaq *Maxamed Mooge Liibaan (Baban) *Sh.Mohamed Ali Geedi – Scholar and Religious leader , and Founder of Horn of Africa charity Organization and Educational party (هيئة القرن الافريقي الخير ية) *Abwan Dheeg – Prominent Somali poet. *Faysal Ali Hussein *Ismail Hurre Buba *Eng Gaabuush – was a scholar and military leader at SNM *Kol Aden Guhad (Aden Wali) *Ahmed Mooge Liibaan *Hassan Guure Jama *Kol Ibrahim koodbuur *Eng Hussien Yusuf Ma'ash (Qooqane) *Haji Abdulkarim Hussein Yusuf (Abdi Warabe) – Is one of oldest and well known genuine traditional leaders in Somaliland. *Guled – 1st Grand Sultan of the Isaaq clan *Khadra Dahir Eige *Abwan Abdi Gahayr – legendary warrior and poet *Farah Guled – 2nd Grand Sultan of the Isaaq *Jama Mahamed Qalib –Served as speaker of the Somali Parliament during the Somali Republic's early civilian administration, between 1960 and 1964 *Abwan Hassan Mohamoud Shaywaal (Xasan Tarabi) *Muuse Ismail Qalilnle – Was a prominant Somali artist, musician, and singer *Kol. Abdi Yusuf Oday – Was Commander of training school at Awarre *Abdikarin Ahmed mooge *Siyasi Ali Ibraahim Mahamed (Cali Sanyare ) *Prof. Husien Mohamed Aden (Tansania) *Abwaan Hasan Qawadhan – Is well-known Somali poet who has written outstanding poetry. *Siyasi Ibrahim Mahdi buba *Sul Mohamed Abdi qadir (8th grand suldan of Isaaq) *Daud Mahamed – the ninth and current grand sultan *Hussein Mohamed Jiciir *Suldan Sakariye S.Mohamed S.C/Lahi S.Galal *Suldan Aden S.Farah S.Omar *Suldan Cisman Baane *Mohamoud Guure Hussein (Gaal-Eri) – Was a scholar who took part in SNM and was responsible for the office in Farance. And accountable for the foreign Staratic plociy in Somalia, during the Ogaden war. *Idiris Haji Cisman Gurey *Jama Mohammed Galib *Abwan Hassan Hussein – legendary warrior and poet. *Abwan Bashir Ismail Mire (Bashir Gabyaye) *Abdirahman Jama Andholeh – Anti Colonial fighter *Cabdiraxmaan Jamac Cadhoole – Halgama Waynaa ee ka Qayb Qaatay la'dagaalankii Gumastihii Faransiiska. *Ahmed koosar (Silanyo) – Is the commander of the Koodbur Brigade of the SNM *Mohamed Hassan Finad – Politician and Activist *Ahmed Mahamed dirye (Toorno) *Gen. Mohamed Osman Aalin (Dayib) – The Father of Somaliland Immigration border . *Abwan Ali Mooge Geedi Egal – Great Somali poet and well-known, who has written outstanding poetry *Hussien Mohamed Mahamoud (Huseen Hog) – Former Minister of Health of Somaliland *Kol Maxamed Hussein Qalinle *Khadar Hussien Abdi – Politician and Minster of the presidency of Somaliland. *Xaye Galaydh Farah – legendary warrior and poet *Abdishakur Dayib Mohamed – Journalist *Abdillahi Mohamed Dahir (Cukuse) *Omar Abdillahi Sayid – Former Hargeisa and Berbera Airport Manager *Sh. Shacaban Abdillahi *Sh.Khadar Abdillahi Badeed *Kol Jama Hussien – The Commander of SNM's Third Party Fighter *Elmi Boodhari *Hussein Arab Isse *Eng Abdirisaq Farah Wiiwa *Hussein Ali Mahamado – Activist And Founder Ina Guuxa Foundation *Sh.Cisman Langadhe *Nadiir Yusuf – Activist And Politician *Kol Dahir Ainanshe ( Moqosle) *Bihi Iman Eige – Minister of Finance of the Federal Government of Somalia *Kol Abdillahi Bihi Oday – The commander of the SNM mine force *Sucaad Ibrahim Abdi – Politician and Activist *Abdi Bidhan Dahir – Journalist *Fadumo faysal – The founder and CEO of Hoiwa Oy . *Jama Asker – Politician and Member of the Federal Parliament of Somalia *Abwan Ahmed Colaad (Qorane) – A famous poet and Member of Somalia Parliament *Shiekh Harreed (Xareed) –Islamic Scholar and Religious leader *Guled Bihi Abdi – Politician and Member of the Federal Parliament of Somalia *Khaalid Foodhaadhi – Multi-Award-Winnnig Journalist and Founder kF Media *Kol Hahi – Is the leader of the SNM war tactic that reaches the military in Lasanod city. *Abwan Muse Ali Farur – prominent Somali poet *Mahdi Guled – Former prime minister of Somalia ===References=== 1pu5js720zrth4i09mq955poncqd6hx 0 8203 275596 165771 2025-06-11T06:25:49Z 50.20.127.150 Raafii 275596 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Map of unitary and federal states.svg|thumb|upright=1.5| {{legend|#2b3bb6;|Dawlado midayan ah}} {{legend|#346733;|Dawlado federaal ah}}]] '''Dawlad Federaal ah ama dawlad midow ah''' Ama dawlad dhexe waa qaab ka mid ah qaabka dawladnimo, waxayna ka dhalataa midow ay midoobeen gobollo ama degmooyin ama dawlado wada nool iyagoon kala go´in, dawladii ugu horeeysay ee caalamka samaysaty habka Federalka waxa ay ahayd Maraykanka markii ay ka xuroobayeen [[Ingiriiska]] waxaa isku tagay markii ugu horeysay 13 gobol 1787, 2 sano kadib waxaa la sameeyey dastuur federal ah dawladdaasna waxaa madax ka noqday Giorge washington. '''Habka Federaalka''' Federaalnimadu waa hab dasturi ah oo Dawladda dhexe oo kor ka matasha waxayna leedahay awoodeeda sharci dajineed , fulinta iyo maxkamadaheeda. Laakiin gudaha waxa ay noqonayaan gobollo kala madax banaan, sida caadiga ah waxaa dhacaysa awoodaha in ay kala qaybsadaan dawlada dhaxe iyo gobolada hab dasturi ah. Waxa ayna noqonaysaa sidaan soo socota: * 1 In la xadido aoowda maamul goboleedyeda ee looga dambeeyo Dawlada Federaalka ah * 2 in Dawlada awoodeeda la yareeyo ee loo daayo goboloda maamulkooda * 3 in loo daayo dastuurka waxa uu qabo. '''Soomaaliya iyo Federaalka''' Horta oraahda ah ''Federaal'' lagu dhaqmo waxaa ugu horeeysay ee afkiisa laga maqlo madaxwaynihii hore ee [[Soomaaliya]] 2004-2008 [[Cabdullaahi Yuusuf Axmed|Cabdullahi yuusuf axmedee]] lagusoo doortay shirkii embegati ee ka dhacay [[kiinya]] oktober 2004 tii asigoo ka helaya gacan madax ay saaxiibo yihiin haba ugu horeeyee Melle zenawi, kadibna waxa uu ku guuleeystay in Dawladda lagu magacaabo Dawlad federaal ah "TFG" Dowladda federalka isla markaana kumeel gaar ah. Waxaa asigana ku xigay oo mar labaad kor uqaaday Dawlad kasta ee dhalataa in ay qaadato nidaamka Federaalka ah ninka lagu magacaabo Md C/raxmaan Faroole ee ah Madaxa maamulka Puntland. '''Maamulada dhisan ilaa iyo hadda''' * 1 Somaliland 1991 * 2 Puntland 1998 * 3 Galmudug 2008 * 4 Ximin iyo Xeeb 2010 * 5 Ceelbuur state 2011 * 6 Mareeg State 2010 * 7 Hiiraan state 2011 * 8 Banadir State 2012 * 9 Koofur galbeed 2010 <gallery> File:Map_of_federal_states.svg|Aduunka inta federal ah File:Somalia_map_states_regions_districts.png|TFG da iyo maamulada hoos yimaada </gallery> <br /> Qodobada dastuurka faderalka * (1) Soomaaliya waa Jamhuuriyad Federaali ah, taasoo dadku, si dimoqraaddi ah, ay awood ugu leeyihiin in ay ugu dhaqmaan madaxbannaanidooda heerarka kala duwan ee hay’adaha xukuumadda, iyadoo loo marayo hay’ado iyo habab u qalma dhaqankooda iyo baahidooda. Waxaa jira saddex heer oo dawladeed. * (a) Heerka degaanka oo hay’adaha iyo qaybaha bulshadu ay noqonayaan asaaska xukuumadda, kana qaybgalyaan sameynta golayaasha Dawladdaha hoose ee ay tahay in la dhsio. * (b) Heerka Dawlad-goboleed ku dhisan nidaam isdoorasho iyo isxisaabin sida uu dhigayo Dastuurkan iyo dastuurrada dawlad-goboleedyada oo dhan. * (c) Heerka Dawladda Qaran ee Federaalka * (2) Waxaa dastuurkan lagu qeexayaa hay’adaha iyo nidaamyada xukuumadda ee heerka federaalka iyo hay’adaha qaranka. * Qodobka 56-Mabaadi’da Federaalka Jamhuuriyadda * (1) Heerarka kale duwan ee Xukuumaduhu marka ay dhexdooda ka macaamilayaan iyo marka ay ku gudo-jiraan adeegsiga awoodda sharci-dejinta iyo awoodaha kale, waa in ay ilaailyaan mabaadi’ida federalinimada; kuwaas oo ah: * (a) Heerarka xukuumadda tu’walba oo kamid ahi inay haysato taageerada dadweynaha. * (b) Awoodda oo la siiyo heerka xukuumadeed ee si wax-ku-ool ah u gudan kara una isticmaali kara awooddaas. * (c) Xiriir iskaashi iyo istaageerid labo-dhinacle ah oo u dhexeeya dawlad-goboleedyada dhexdooda iyo dawlad-goboleedyada iyo Dawladda federaaliga ah, si uu u jiro dareen midnimo qaran. * (d) Qayb kasta oo Jamhuuriyadda ka tirsani in ay hesho isla adeegyada ay kuwa kalena helaan iyo, sidoo kale, waxqabad xukuumadeed oo waxtar leh. * (e) Khayraadka dalka oo si siman loo qaybsado. * (f) Dakhli-ururin oo laga sameeyo heerka ugu wax-ku-oolsan . * (g) Khilaafaadka oo wadahadal iyo heshiis-raadin laguxalliyo. * Qodobka 57aad-Xiriirrada u Dhexeeya Heerarka Dawladda * (1) Dowlad-goboleed kastaa waa inay ku dedaashaa xiriiri skaashi ku dhisan inay layeelato xukuumadaha ay isku heerka yihiin iyo kuwa heerarka kale. Xukuumad waliba waa inay ilaalisaa xuduudda awoodaheeda iyo awoodaha kuwa kale. Waa inay dhiirri-gelisaa xiriir saaxiibtinnimo oo ay yeeshaan xukuumadaha ka jira meelaha kale ee dalka iyo dadweynahooda. Xukuumad waliba waa inay hubisaa xukuumadaha kale inay ku war- gelisey Siyaasaddaha amaba hawlaha gudaha xuduuddeeda ka socda; kuwaas oo laga yaabo inay meelo kale saamayn ku yeelan karaan. Meeshii ay suuraggal tahayna waa in xukuumaduhu si wadajir ah ay mashaariic wadaag ah uga dhaqan-geliyaan. * (2) Si loo helo xiriir iskaashi, waa in sharcigu jideeyo kulan-sannadeed ay isugu yimaadaan madaxda fulinta ee dowlad-goboleedyada iyo Dowladda federalku, si ay uga xaajoodaan, isuguna dubbo-ridaan qorshaha dawlad-goboleedyada iyo arrimaha la xiriira taageerada dowlad goboleedyada. * (3) Waa waajib in la qabto kulannada masuuliinta heer dawlad-goboleed, marka laga hadlayo arrimo saamaynaya wax ka badan hal dawlad-goboleed sida biyaha, beeraha iyo waxbarashada. * (4) Dawlad-goboleedyadu waxay lageli karaan heshiis qoraal ah dawladda Federaalka ah, iyaguna dhexdooda heshiis way kala saxiixan karaan. Hase ahaatee, heshiisyadaasi ma laha awood sharci, waxaase looga jeedaa inay noqdaan hab iskaashi oo keliya. * Qodobka 58aad-Wada-xaajoodyada Dawliga ah * (1) Iyadoo dareen iskaashi lagu shaqeynayo, waa in dawladda federalka ahi ay dawlad- goboleedyada kala tashataa wada-xaajoodyada la xiriira kaalmada dibedda, ganacsiga ama arrimaha kale ee muhiimka ah ee heshiisyada dawliga ah ku saabsan. * (2) Halka ay wada xaajoodyadu ay si gaar ah u saamaynayaan danaha gaarka ah ee dowlad- goboleedyada, dawladda federalku haddii ay suurtagal tahay waa in ay ku dartaa ergada wada-xaajoodka gelaysa wakiilo ka socda dawlad-goboleedkaas. * (3) Marka la gelayo wada-xaajoodyada, dawladda federaalka ahi waa inay tixgelisaa inay tahay wakiil lagu aamminey danaha dawlad-goboleedyada. * Qodobka 59aad-Dawladda Hoose iyo Maamulka * (1) Dowladda federaalku waxay soo saaraysaa sharciyo lagu dhisayo qaabka iyo mabaadi’da hageysa dawladaha hoose. * (2) Dawlad-goboleed kastaa waa in ay abuurto nidaam dawlad hoose oo waafaqsan habraaca sharci-dejinta federaalka. * (3) Xukumadaha Dawlad-goboleedyadu waa in ay siiyaan dawladaha hoose awood ay ku mamulaan sharciga iyo barnamijyadooda, si waafaqsan mabda’a ( b) ee mabaadi’da federaalka ah ee ku xusan qodobka 56(1). Hawlaha waxaa loogu wareejinayaa goleyaasha Dawladdaha hoose si tartiib- tartiib ah oo la socota hadba koritaanka kartidooda. Sharci federaali ah ayaa tilmaami doona qaabdhismeedka ay u raaci doonaan dawlad-goboleedyadu awood-wareejin kasta oo ay dawladaha hoose ku wareejinayso xilalka. * (4) Xukuumadda federaalka iyo kuwa dawlad-goboleedyadu waxay masuuliyadda maamulka sharciga iyo barnaamijyada ku wareejin karaan hay’adaha iyo bulshooyinka degaanka. * (5) Hey’adaha iyo bulshada degaanka waa in la dhiiri-geliyaa, la taageeraa, lagana kaalmeeyaa sidii ay u gudan lahaayeen waajibaadka uu Dastuurku dusha ka saaray eek u saabsan dimoqraaddiyada iyo xuquuqda aadanaha. * Qodobka 60aad-Qaybinta Awoodaha * (1) Dowladda federaalku waxa ay awood u leedahay in ay Jamhuuriyada Soomaliya oo dhan u samayso sharciyo maamul-wanaagga ku saabsan, iyadoo raacaysa xuduudaha Dastuurka iyo awoodaha maamulidda sharciyadaas. * (2) Dawlad-goboleed kastaa waxay awood u leedahay in ay samayso sharciyo maamul- wanaag ah oo iyada ku eg, iyadoo raacaysa xuduudaha Dastuurka iyo awoodaha maamulida sharciyadaas. * (3) Awoodaha waxaa lagu qaybiyey Jadwalka 2aad oo ka kooban tax lagu muujinayo awoodaha la siiyey Dowladda federaalka, xukuumadaha dawlad-goboleedka ama si wadajir ah loo siiyey federaalka iyo dawlad-goboleedda. * (4) Taxa Awoodaha u gaarka ah Dawladda federaalka waxaa fulin karaya oo keliya dawladda federaalka, haddii aanay cid kale u wakiilan sida ku xusan qodob kale oo ku jira cutubkan. * (5) Taxa Awoodaha u gaarka aha Dawlad-goboleedka waxaa fulin karaya oo keliya dawlad- goboleedka, haddii aanay cid kale u wakiilan sida ku xusan qodob kale oo ku jira cutubkan. * (6) Taxa awoodaha wadaagga ah ee federaliga waxaa ku wada dhaqmi kara dawladda federalka iyo dawlad-goboleedyada. Haddii ay dhacdo in khilaaf ka dhex dhasho sharciyada dawladda federaliga iyo dawlad-goboleedyada arrin kasta oo taxan ah waxaa awood leh sharciga federaalka. * (7) Taxa awoodaha wadaagga ee Dawlad-goboleedyada waxaa ku wada dhaqmi kara dawladda federaalka iyo dawlad-goboleedyadaba. Haddi ay dhacdo in khilaaf ka dhex dhasho sharciyada dawladda federaaliga iyo dawlad-goboleedyada arrin kasta oo taxan ah, waxaa mudnaanta leh sharciga dawlad-goboleedyada. * (8) Dawladda federaalku waxa ay sharci ka samayn kartaa arrin kasta oo aan lagu xusin taxda jadwalka 2aad. * Qodobka 61aad-Dhaqangellinta Awoodaha wadaagga ah ee sharcidejinta ee dawlad-goboleedyada * (1) Si loo xoojiyo wada-shaqaynta,dawlad-goboleeddii doonaysa inay ka soo saarto sharci arrin kasta oo soo gelaysa Taxa awoodaha la wadaago ee federaalka ama Taxa awoodaha la wadaago ee dawlad-goboleedda waa in ay la tashataa dawladda federalka ah. * (2) Waa in la soo saaro sharci federaali ah si loo dejiyo habraac dawlad-goboleedyada siinaya masuuliyad ay ku samaysan karaan sharci kasta oo ku saabsan arrimaha hoos-imaanaya taxa awoodaha la wadaago ee dawlad-goboleedyada. Habraaca noocaas ahi waa in uu ku lug-lahaado qiimaynta awoodda dawlad-goboleedyadu ku qaadi karaan masuuliyadda soo-saaridda iyo maamulida sharci ku saabsan arrintaas. * Qodobka 62aad-Igmashada Awoodaha * (1) Xukuumad kastaa waxay u xilsaaran kartaa awood mamul iyo masuuliyado dawlad ama dawlado kale oo heer kale ah, iyadoo raacaysa habraac ay wadatashi kula yeelanayso dawladdaas. * (2) Dawladda federaalku waxay u xilsaaran kartaa mid ama ka badan xukuumadaha dawlad- goleedyada awood ay sharci ugu sameeyaan arrin ka mid ah awoodda xeerdejinta Dawlada federaalka oo looga gol leeyahay dan guud ama mid gaar ah. * (3) Haddii Dawladda federaalku u xilsaarato awood sharci mid ama dhammaan dawlad- goboleedyada, waa in ay xaqiijisaa in dawlad-goboleeddaas hesho ama loo ogolaado in ay urursato dhaqaalaha lagama-maarmaanka u ah fulinta hawsha dawladda federaalku u igmatay. * (4) Dowladda federaalku haddii loo baahdo way kala noqon kartaa awoodaha ay cid kale ugu xilsaaaratay qodobkan, iyadoo ogeysiineysa waqtiga ugu habboon dawlad- goboleedda ama dawlad-goboleedyada ay khusayso. * (5) Mid ama ka badan dawlad-goboleedyadu waxay ka codsan karaan dawladda federaalka in ay qaaddo masuuliyadda ah in ay ka soo saarto sharci arrin gaar ah oo ka mid ah awoodaha xukuumadaha dawlad-goboleedyada. * Qodobka 63aad-Arimha Maaliyadeed * (1) Awoodaha dakhli-uruurinta ee heerarka kala duwan ee xukuumaddu waxay ku xusan yihiin Jadwalka 2aad. * (2) Xukuumadda federaalku waxay awood u leedahay in ay ku bixiso kharash ujeeddo kasta oo sharciga waafaqasan, ha ahaato mid ay siisay awooddeeda sharci-dejineed ama yaysan ahaane. * (3) Mabaadi’da iyo habka loogu qaybinaayo hantida maaliyadeed heerarka kala duwan ee xukuumadaha waxaa lgu qeexayaa Cutubka 14aad. * Qodobka 64aad-Maxkamadaha * (1) Jamhuuriyada Soomaaliya waxaa ka jira nidaam garsoor midaysan, sida kucad Cutubka10aad. * (2) Ka sokow faqrada (1) khilaafaadka lagu xalliyo xeer-dhaqameed waa lagu sii dhaqmi karaa haddii aysan ka hor’imaaneynin Shareecada ama Dastuurka dalka. * Qodobka 65aad-Shaqada Dawladda ee Rayidka ah * (1) Xukuumadda federaalka iyo dawlad-goboleedyadu waxay shaqaalasanayaan hawl- wadeennadooda. * (2) Gudigga Shaqaalaha Rayidka ee Dawladda Federaalku wuxuu dejinayaa mabaadi’da, xeerarka iyo shuruudaha shaqo-qorista iyo arrimaha kale ee khuseeya shaqada dawladda ee heer kasta. * (3) Dawladda federaalka iyo maamul-goboleedyadu waxay iska kaashanayaan ka-wada- faa’ideysiga hawl-wadeennada heerarka kala duwan, si loo xaqiijiyo khibradda iyo waayo’aragnimadu in ay noqdaan mid laga heli karo heer kasta oo looga baahan yahay, iyada oo taasna lagu horumarinaayo midnimada qaranka. * Qodobka 66aad-Awoodaha Xukuumada Federaalka ee Taageera Nidaamka Federaalka * (1) Haddii xukuumad dowlad-goboleed ay gudan kari waydo xilkeeda ama ay ku kacdo maamul xumo maaliyadeed, masuuliyada koowaad ee xukuumada federaalku waa in ku taageerto xukuumada dowlad-goboleedda sidii ay wax uga qaban laheyd xad-gudubyadaas, ayna qaado talaabo kasta oo lagama maar maan ah oo dowlad-goboleedda u suurto galinaya in ay xilkeeda u gudato si wax ku ool ah. * (2) Haddii dawlad-goboleed gudan weydo waajibaadkeeda dastuuriga ah ama sharci kale oo federaal ahi u xilsaaray, xukuumadda federaalku waa in ay qaadaa tallaabooyinka lagama maarmaanka ah oo ay ku meel marineyso fulinta waajibaadkaa. Talaabooyinkaas waxaa ka mid ah in xukuumada federaalku farto dowlad-goboleedda dhaqan-galinta arimaha ay gabtay, dawlad-goboleedduna waa in ay amarkaas u huggaansataa. Hasa yeeshee, awaamirta noocaas lama bixin karo haddii aysan ogolaan kala bar xubnaha Aqalka Wakiillada Dawlad- Goboleedyadu marka laga reebo wakiillada dawlada-goboleedda waajibaadkeeda dastuuriga ah gabtay. * Qodobka 67aad-Magaala-madaxda Qaranka * Fiiro: Maqaamka Muqdisho (Xamar), oo ah Magaala-madaxda Jamhuuriyada waxaa loo habeyn karaa sedaxda hab ee soo socoda mid kood, hase yeeshee go’aanka kama dambeysta ah waxaa lagu saleyn doonaa talooyinka dadweynuhu ka dhiibtaan Dastuurka qabyada ah xiliga latashiga dadka * XULASHADA 1aad ( Caasimad Ku-dhextaal Dawlad-Goboleed) * (1) Caasimada magaala madaxda federaalku waxay ahaanaysaa magaalo ku dhextaal dowlad goboleed. * (2) Xukuumadda dawlad-goboleedda ay magaala madaxdu ku dhextaal, iyadoo la tashatay Dowladda Fedelaaka waa in ay soo saartaa sharci gaar ah oo qeexaya maqaamka Caasimada Federaalka. * (3) Golaha maamul ee Caasimada Federaalka iyo xukuumada federaalku waa in ay ilaaliyaan mabaadi’da xiriir iskaashiyeedka ee uu dhigayo dastuurku, waana in ay si gaar ah uga heshiiyaan arimaha canshuuraha, xeerarka kale ee nidaaminaya dhulalka iyo dhismooyinka ay leedahay ama ay degentahay xukuumada federaalku ee ku dhexyaal magaala madaxda. * XULASHADA 2aad(Degmada Caasimadda Federaalka) * (1) Muqdisho waxay noqoneysaa degmo magaalo madax u ah Dowladda Federaalka. * (2) Degmada magaala-madaxda federaalku kama mid noqon karto qayb ka mid ah dowlad-goboleed. * (3) Xukuumada federaalku waa in ay soo saarto sharci gaar ah oo nidaamiya is-xukun dimuqaraadi ah oo lagu maamulo degmada magaala-madaxda federaalka. * (4) Sharciga doorashooyinka federaalku waa in uu siiyaa muwaadiniinta degan degmada magaala-madaxda xaq ay ku dooran karaan wakiilo u matala Golaha Shacabka, waana in aysan matalaadaas ku waayin deganaanshada ay deganyihiin degmada magaala-madaxda Dawladda Federaalka awgeed. * (5) Dadweynaha degan degmada magaala-madaxda federaalku kuma yeelanayaan wakiilo Aqalka Wakiilada dowlad-goboleedyada. * (6) Xukuumada federaalku waxay awood u leedahay in ay dejiso shuruuc ayna maamusho dhamaan arimaha magaalo-madaxda iyadoo adeegsaneysa taxaha awoodaha la siiyay magaala-madaxda federaalka, hase yeeshee waxay awoodaheeda u xilsaaran kartaa golaha maamul ee caasimada federaalka si la mid ah sida ay ugu xilasaaran karto dowlad-goboleedyada sida ku cad qodobka 62aad ee Cutubkan. * (7) Golaha maamul ee magaala-madaxda federaalka iyo xukuumada federaalku waa inay dhowraan mabaadi’da xiriirka iskaashi ee ku xusan dastuurkan. * XULASHADA 3aad (Caasimad ah Dawlad-Goboleed) * (1) Magaala-madaxda federaalku waxay noqonaysaa dowlad-goboleed; * (2) Magaala-madaxda federaalku kuma biiri karto gobol kale ma noqon karto qayb Dawladda-goboleed kale ku dhul ballaarsato. * (3) Golaha maamul eemagaala-madaxda federaalka iyo xukuumada federaalku waa inay dhowraan mabaadi’da xiriirka iskaashiga ee ku xusan dastuurkan. Waa in ay si gaar ah ugu heshiiyaan arimaha canshuuraha iyo xeerarka kale ee nidaaminaya dhulalka iyo dhismooyinka ay leedahay ama ay deggantahay xukuumada federaalku ee ku dhexyaal magaala-madaxda. * Qodobka 68aad-Xalinta Khilaafaadka * (1) Mabada’ ahaan khilaafyada u dhexeeya dawladaha waa in lagu xalliyaa hab wadaxaajood iyo dhexdhexaadin ku dhisan iskaashi iyo niyadsami. * (2) Dawlada federaalka iyo xukuumadaha dowlad-goboleedyadu way ku heshiin karaan in ay dhistaan maxkamad gaar ah oo lagu xaliyo khilaafaadka dhaxsada Dawladdaha. * (3) Khilaafka u dhexeeya Dawladdaha ee lagu xallinwaayo dhexdhexaadin iyo wadaxaajood waa in loo gudbiyaa Makamada Dastuuriga oo go’aan ka gaaraysa. * Qodobka 69aad-Xuduudaha Gobollada * (1) Guddiga Xadeynta Xuduudaha Gobollada ayaa xallin doona dhammaan murannada hadda taagan iyo kuwa mustaqbalka ee la xariira xuduudaha iyagoo raacaya sharciga laga dejin doono arrimahaas * (2) Guddiga Madaxa Bannaan Dastuurka iyo arrimaha Federaalka ama ciddii bedesha ayaa iyaga oo la tashanaya guddiyada kale ee qaran ka caawin doona Dawladda Federaalka go’aaminta tirada ugu yar iyo tan ugu badan ee dawlad-goboleedyada la sameynayo. * (3) Xuduudaha Dawlad-goboleedyadu waxay ku saleysnaan doonaan xuduudihii gobollada ee jiray 1990-kii ka hor dagaalkii ahliga ahaa * (4) Laba gobol ama wax ka badan ayaa ku midoobi kara dawlad-goboleed iyaga xor u ah go’aankooda * Qodobka 70aad-Samaynta Dawlad-Goboleedyo Cusub * 1) Ugu yaraan laba gobol ama ka badan oo si xor ah isugu tagay ayaa sameysan kara dawlad- goboleed; * 2) Dawlad-goboleed cusub ayay sameysan karaan dawlad-goboleedyo jiray haddii tiro macquul ah oo ah hal iyo wax ka badan oo ka mid ah dawlad-goboleedyadaas ay doonayaan in ay sameystaan dawlad-goboleed ayna sameynta dawlad-goboleedkaas tahay sida kaliya ee ay ku gaari karaan danaha guud ee ay wadaagaan * 3) Dawlad-goboleed cusub waxaa la samayn karaa haddii arrintaas ay taageersanyihiin aqlabiyada dadka: * (a) Degengobolladasameysanayadawlad-goboleedkacusub * (b) Deggangobolladaaysaameynaysosameyntadawlad-goboleedkacusub; * (c) Haddii aysan samenta dawlad-goboleedkaas aysan ka hor imaanayn danta qaranka; * (d) Isla markaana aysan khatar gelinayn midnimada qaran ee federaalka * 4) Sameynta dawlad-goboleed cusub lama ogolaan karo haddii aysan awood u yeelan doonin in ay fuliso waajibaadka iyo hawlaha laga rabo dawlad-goboleed ka tirsan federaalka sida dhawridda xuquuqda asaasiga ah ee muwaadiniinta ku nool dawlad goboleedka, aysana lahayn isku- filnaansho dhaqaale ay ku fidiyaan adeegyada asaasiga ah. Baarlamaanka ayaa meelmarinaya sharciga sameynta dawlad-goboleedyada cusub. * 5) Haddii laba iyo wax ka badan dawlad-goboleedyada deriska ahi ay ku heshiiyaan in ay bedelaan xuduudaha ay wadaagaan, Golaha Shacabku waa in uu ansixiyaa haddii saddex dalool laba dalool ka mid ah goloyaasha degmooyinku ogolaadaan xuduud bedelidda * Qodobka 71aad-Oggolaanshaha Ku- soo-biiritaanka Jamhuuriyadda * 1) Hannaanka Federaalaynta waa in loo maraa wadahdal iyo iskaashi. * 2) Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya waxay soo dhaweynaysaa maamuladda doonaya in ay kusoo biiraan Federaalka, waxayna dhiirigelinaysaa ku-soo-biiritaan qaab nabadeed loo marayo. [[Category:Siyaasad]] [[Category:Maamulnimada]] l43tolk47pifgplnpvqfi5rku7vq038 0 17115 275566 274734 2025-06-10T13:10:25Z 161.12.45.16 275566 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Short description|Country primarily located in North America}} {{Redirect-several|America|US|USA|The United States of America|United States}} {{pp-|small=yes}} {{Use mdy dates|date=December 2025}} {{Use mdy dates|date=January 2024}} {{Infobox country | conventional_long_name = United States of America | common_name = United States | image_flag = Flag of the United States (DoS ECA Color Standard).svg | alt_flag = {{nbsp}} <!--Used to denote purely decorative images--> | flag_type_article = Flag of the United States | image_coat = Greater coat of arms of the United States.svg | coat_alt = {{nbsp}} <!--Used to denote purely decorative images--> | symbol_type_article = Great Seal of the United States#Obverse | national_motto = "[[In God We Trust]]"<ref>{{USC|36|302}}</ref>{{collapsible list |title={{nowrap|Other traditional mottos:<ref name="de facto Motto">{{cite web|publisher=[[U.S. Department of State]], [[Bureau of Public Affairs]]|year=2003|url= https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/27807.pdf|title=The Great Seal of the United States|access-date=February 12, 2020}}</ref>}} |titlestyle=background:transparent;text-align:center;line-height:1.15em; |liststyle=text-align:center;white-space:nowrap; |{{native phrase|la|"[[E pluribus unum]]"|italics=off}}<br />"Out of many, one" |{{native phrase|la|"[[Annuit cœptis]]"|italics=off}}<br />"Providence favors our undertakings" |{{native phrase|la|"[[Novus ordo seclorum]]"|italics=off}}<br />"New order of the ages" }} | national_anthem = "[[The Star-Spangled Banner]]"<ref>{{cite act|date=March 3, 1931|article=14|article-type=H.R.|legislature=[[71st United States Congress]]|title=An Act To make The Star-Spangled Banner the national anthem of the United States of America|url=https://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=46&page=1508}}</ref><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">[[File:Star Spangled Banner instrumental.ogg]]</div> <!-- Commented out, as not [[WP:DUE]] for lead. | march="[[The Stars and Stripes Forever]]"<ref name="urluscode.house.gov">{{cite web|url=https://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=112&page=1263|title=uscode.house.gov|date=August 12, 1999|website=Public Law 105-225|publisher=uscode.house.gov|pages=112 Stat. 1263|quote=Section 304. "The composition by John Philip Sousa entitled 'The Stars and Stripes Forever' is the national march."|access-date=September 10, 2017}}</ref><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;">[[File:March, "The Stars and Stripes Forever" · Colonel John R. Bourgeois, Director · John Philip Sousa · United States Marine Band.ogg]]</div> --> <!-- Consensus map, see talk page. -->| image_map = {{Switcher|[[File:USA orthographic.svg|frameless|alt=Orthographic map of the U.S. in North America]]|Show globe ([[U.S. state|states]] and [[Washington, D.C.|D.C.]] only)|[[File:US insular areas SVG.svg|upright=1.15|frameless|alt=World map showing the U.S. and its territories]]|Show the U.S. and [[Territories of the United States|its territories]]|[[File:NOAA Map of the US EEZ.svg|upright=1.15|frameless]]|Show territories with [[Exclusive economic zone of the United States|exclusive economic zone]]|default=1}} | map_width = 220px | capital = [[Washington, D.C.]]<br />{{coord|38|53|N|77|1|W|display=inline}} | largest_city = [[New York City]]<br />{{coord|40|43|N|74|0|W|display=inline}} | official_languages = None at the [[Federal government of the United States|federal level]]{{efn|name=officiallanguage|30 of 50 states recognize only English as an official language. The state of [[Hawaii]] recognizes both [[Hawaiian language|Hawaiian]] and English as official languages, the state of [[Alaska]] officially recognizes 20 [[Alaska Native languages]] alongside English, and the state of [[South Dakota]] recognizes [[Sioux language|O'ceti Sakowin]] as an official language.}} | languages_type = [[National language]] | languages = [[Af-Ingiriisi|English]]{{efn|English is the [[de facto]] language. For more information, see [[Languages of the United States]].}}| ethnic_groups = {{plainlist|''By race:'' * 61.6% [[White Americans|White]] * 12.4% [[African Americans|Black]] * 6% [[Asian Americans|Asian]] * 1.1% [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] * 0.2% [[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] * 10.2% [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]] * 8.4% [[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|other]] }} {{plainlist|''By origin:'' * 81.3% non-[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] * 18.7% Hispanic or Latino }} | ethnic_groups_year = 2023 | ethnic_groups_ref = <ref name="2020CensusData">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2021/08/improved-race-ethnicity-measures-reveal-united-states-population-much-more-multiracial.html|title=2020 Census Illuminates Racial and Ethnic Composition of the Country|work=[[United States Census]]|access-date=August 13, 2021}}</ref><ref name="2020InteractiveCensusData">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/race-and-ethnicity-in-the-united-state-2010-and-2020-census.html?linkId=100000060666476|title=Race and Ethnicity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census|work=[[United States Census]]|access-date=August 13, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2021/08/13/1014710483/2020-census-data-us-race-ethnicity-diversity|title=A Breakdown of 2020 Census Demographic Data|date=August 13, 2021|publisher=NPR|access-date=}}</ref> | demonym = [[Dadka Maraykanka|American]]{{efn|name=demonym|The historical and informal demonym [[Yankee]] has been applied to Americans, New Englanders, or northeasterners since the 18th century.}}<ref>{{cite book|title=Compton's Pictured Encyclopedia and Fact-index: Ohio|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uV5tvKPO684C&q=%22national+nicknames%22+Yankee|year=1963|page=336}}</ref> | government_type = [[Federalism in the United States|Federal]] presidential republic <!-- Consensus is to list President, Vice President, Chief Justice, and Speaker of the House -->| leader_title1 = [[President of the United States|President]] | leader_name1 = Donald Trump | leader_title2 = [[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]] | leader_name2 = M.Vance | leader_title3 = [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|House Speaker]] | leader_name3 = [[Mike Johnson (Louisiana politician)|Mike Johnson]] | leader_title4 = [[Chief Justice of the United States|Chief Justice]] | leader_name4 = [[John Roberts]] | legislature = [[United States Congress|Congress]] | upper_house = [[United States Senate|Senate]] | lower_house = [[United States House of Representatives|House of Representatives]] | sovereignty_type = [[History of the United States|Independence]] | sovereignty_note = from [[Kingdom of Great Britain|Great Britain]] | established_event1 = [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration]] | established_date1 = {{Start date|1776|7|4}} | established_event2 = [[Confederation period|Confederation]] | established_date2 = {{Start date|1781|3|1}} | established_event3 = [[Treaty of Paris (1783)|Recognized]] | established_date3 = {{Start date|1783|9|3}} | established_event4 = [[Constitution of the United States|Constitution]] | established_date4 = {{Start date|1788|6|21}} | area_link = Geography of the United States | area_label = Total area | area_footnote = <ref>Areas of the 50 states and the District of Columbia but not Puerto Rico nor other island territories per {{cite web| date = August 2010| title = State Area Measurements and Internal Point Coordinates| work = [[Census.gov]]| url = https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2010/geo/state-area.html| access-date = March 31, 2020| quote = reflect base feature updates made in the MAF/TIGER database through August, 2010.}}</ref> | area_rank = 3rd{{efn|name=largestcountry}} | area_sq_mi = 3,796,742 | percent_water = 7.0<ref>{{cite web|title=The Water Area of Each State|access-date=January 29, 2024|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|url=https://www.usgs.gov/special-topics/water-science-school/science/how-wet-your-state-water-area-each-state|year=2018}}</ref> (2010) | area_label2 = Land area | area_data2 = {{convert|3,531,905|sqmi|km2|abbr=on}} (3rd) | population_census = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 331,449,281{{efn|name="pop"}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2021/04/2020-census-data-release.html|title=U.S. Census Bureau Today Delivers State Population Totals for Congressional Apportionment|work=[[United States Census]]|access-date=April 26, 2021}} The 2020 census is as of April 1, 2020.</ref> | population_census_year = 2020 | population_estimate = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 334,914,895<ref>{{Cite web |title=U.S. Population Trends Return to Pre-Pandemic Norms as More States Gain Population |url=https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023/population-trends-return-to-pre-pandemic-norms.html |access-date=2023-12-23 |website=Census.gov}}</ref>. | HDI_rank = 20th | currency = [[United States dollar|U.S. dollar]] ($) | currency_code = USD | utc_offset = −4 to −12, +10, +11 | utc_offset_DST = −4 to −10{{efn|name="time"}} | date_format = mm/dd/yyyy{{efn|See [[Date and time notation in the United States]].}} | drives_on = Right{{efn|name="drive"}} | calling_code = [[North American Numbering Plan|+1]] | iso3166code = US | cctld = [[.us]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://cozab.com/the-difference-between-us-vs-com/|title=The Difference Between .us vs .com|date=January 3, 2022|website=Cozab|access-date=August 11, 2023|archive-date=April 16, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416200528/https://cozab.com/the-difference-between-us-vs-com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> | religion = {{ublist|item_style=white-space:nowrap; |{{Tree list}} * 70% [[Christianity in the United States|Christianity]] ** 34% [[Protestantism in the United States|Protestantism]] ** 23% [[Catholic Church in the United States|Catholicism]] ** 2% [[Mormons|Mormonism]] **11% other [[List of Christian denominations|Christian]] {{Tree list/end}} |21% [[Irreligion in the United States|unaffiliated]] |2% [[American Jews|Judaism]] |6% [[Religion in the United States|other religion]] |1% unanswered }} | religion_year = 2023 | religion_ref = <ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |last=Staff |date= June 8, 2007|title=In Depth: Topics A to Z (Religion) |url=https://news.gallup.com/poll/1690/Religion.aspx |access-date=2023-11-01 |website=[[Gallup, Inc.]] |language=en}}</ref>.: }} [[w:es:USA]][[w:Tr:Amerika Birleşik Devletleri]][[W:it:usa]][[W:fr:usa]] [[File:Southwest_Chief_at_Laguna,_February_2020.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:50_USD_Series_2004_Note_Front.jpg|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:Frostedflakes_brand_logo.png|thumb|right|400px|]] [[File:United_States_passport_types.svg|thumb|right|400px]] '''[[Gobolada Midoobay]] ee [[Mareykanka]], GMM,''' loosoo gaabiyo '''Mareykanka''' ([[Af-Ingiriisi]]: United States of America, USA; [[Af-Carabi]]: الولايات المتحدة) ama '''Gobolada Midoobay''' waa dawlad Federaal Dastuuri ah dhacdana bartamaha [[Waqooyiga Ameerika]], Waa maamul Argagixiso oo raba in uu dunida ku xukumo dagaalo iyo xasuuq. Waxay ka koobantahay konton 49” gobol iyo [[Washington D.C|Degmada Kolombia]], (D.C. ama "District of Colombia"), oo ah magaalo-madaxda wadanka iyo xarunta dowlada wadanka. Waxaa ka xiga dhanka waqooyi [[Kanada]], koofur [[Meksiko]], iyo Gobolka Alaska oo dhaca Waqooyi Galbeed Qaarada '''[[Ameerika]]'''. Masaaxada (badka) wadanka Mareekanka waa 9.83 milyan km², tirada dadkane waa 309 milyan Dawlada Mareykanka n xaga dhulka ama badka wadanka ku fadhiyo, waana dawlada seddexaad ee ugu dad badan aduunka, dad degen dalka mareykanka waxee gaarayaan ilaa 310 miliyan oo qof. Sidoo kale waa wadanka koowaad oo ay ku noolyihiin dad kala dhaqan iyo kala asal ah. Dhaqaalaha Mareykanka waa kan ugu balaaran dunida, ayadoo lagu qiyaasay sanadii 2021 aduun dhan '''[[lacag|25.5 tiriliyan]]''' oo [[Dollar]]ka [[Mareykanka]] wax soo saarka wadanka ee dabada loo iib geeyo. Wadanka Mareykanka wuxuu xonimadiisa ka helay gumeestihii [[Ingriiska|Boqortooyadii Ingiriiska]] sanadka marka oo ahaa 1776ii, wakhtigaasi oo Mareykanku ka koobnaa 13gabol oo ku yaalay dhinaca bariga ee dalkaas. Wadanka waxoo balaaraday bilaawgii 1800meeyadii, waxoona gobolo ka qabsaday wadamada.:: waxoona ku sii darsaday labada gobol oo markaas ahaa jamhuuriyado, [[Teksas]] iyo jasiirada [[Hawaay]]. Khilaafkii ka dhashtay Gobolada Koonfurta iyo woqooyiga oo markaas ku murmaayay xukunka gobolada iyo dhinaca adoomada waxoo sababay dagaalkii sokeeyay oo dhacay sanadka marka oo ahaa 1860meeyadii. Gobolada woqooyiga ayaa ku guuleestay in ee wadanka mideeyaan isla markaaas neh oo joogsaday adoonsiga. '''Dagaalkii Mareykanka iyo [[Spania|Isbaanishka]]''' iyo dagaalkii '''[[Aduunka]]''' kii labaad, militariga mareykanka waxaa lagu gartay in oo yahay kan ugu awooda badan aduunka. Dhamaadkii [[Dagaalkii Labaad ee Aduunka|Dagaalkii labaaad ee Aduunka]] waxa uu wadanka mareykanka ahaa wadanka kaliya oo watay bombada halista ah ee looyaqaan atombomb. Kadib burburkii xukunkii [[Midowga Sofiyet|Midowga soofiyeet]] 1991kii wadanka mareykanka waxoo ku soo baxay wadanka kaliya oo ugu awooda weyn aduunka. ==xog kooban== Wadanka Mareykanka wuxuu leeyahay magaalooyin waaweyn waxaana kamid ah magaalooyonkaas New York, Chicago, iyo Los Angels.<ref>https://worldpopulationreview.com/us-cities</ref> Caasimada wadanka waa Washington. Mareykanka waa wadan aad uweyn waan wadanka sadaxaad ee ugu weyn caalamka. Madaxweynaha Mareykanka waa Joe Biden. ==Juquraafigga== Wadanka mareykanka waa wadanka 3aad oo ugu dhulka weyn aduunka, waxoo ku xigaa [[Ruushka]] iyo [[Kanada]]. wadanka mareykanka waxoo xuduudka ugu dheer la leeyahay Dalka [[Kanada]] oo ka xiga dhinaca woqooyiga, waxaa ku xiga [[Meksiko]] oo ka xigta Koonfurta. Dhinaca bariga waxaa kaga dhegen [[Badweynta Atlaantik]] dhinaca Galbeedka neh [[Badweynta Baasifik]].Wadanka [[Mareykanka]] waxa uu leeyahay muuqaalo dabiici ah sida: buuro, geedo iyo saxaro kuwaasoo dhaca koonfur galbeed. ==Taariikhda== ===Dagaalkii Sokeeyay ee Mareykanka === Bartamihii Qarniga sagaal iyo tobnaad ayaa waxaa ka dhex qarxay dagaal Sokeeye oo ka dhaxeeye gobolada Mareykanka, Halkaas oo Kow iyo toban(11) Gobol oo hogaaminaayay Jefrison Deevis sheegteen in ay ka go'ayaan gobolada kale ee mareekanka. Waxeyna aasaasteen Gobolada Konfodaraaliga ee Mareykanka, Sidoo kale waxey ku dhawaaqeyn dagaal ka dhan Mareykanka. Xilligii doorashada guud ee Madaxtinimada Mareykanka sanadku markuu ahaay 1860 ayaa [[Xizbiga Jamhuuriga]] olole ka dhan ah bilaabay balaarinta adoonsiga meel ka baxsan Mareykanka. Arinkaas oo keentay in ay ku guuleeystaan Xizbiga Jamhuuriga doorashada. Madaxweynihii ku guuleystay xilligaas [[Abraham Linkolon]] intuusan fariisan xafiiska 4 tii maarso 1861 ayaa todobo gobol iclaamiyeyn in ay ka go'ayaan mareynka taas oo ay kasoo horjeesteen maamulkii markaas jiray iyo kii hore waxeyna u arkeen fal jabhadnimo. waxaana bilawday dagaalkii 12 Abriil 1861 kadib markii ay weerar kusoo qaadeen xoogagii Konfadaraaliga ahaay Fariisin Ciidan oo ay laheyd Mareykanka ooo lagu magacaabi jiray Foorto Somatir ee ku taalay gobolka [[koraliina]] koonfurtiisa, Ayadoo arinkaas laga jawaabayo ayuu madaxweyne Linkolon ku baaqay in la sameeyo ciidan mutadawac ah gobol kasta, taas oo keentay in afar gobol kale ay ayagane sheegtaan gooni istaag. Labadii dhinac waxoo mid kastaba u diyaar garoway dagaal halkaas oo qabsaday mareykanka gobolada xadka kuyaal waxoona xayiraad saaray dhinaca bada Sebtember 1962. ==Jawiga== Cimiladda iyo Jawigga waa ku Ameerikiga sidda waqqiyagga Amerrka ee Biritish North Amerika: Earth Quakes, Fire, Ice, Snow iyo Tsunami "Florida" waalan.!!. Maadaama oo wadanka weyn yahay, wadanka mareykanka waxoo leeyahay jawi aad u kala duwan. Dhinaca woqooyiga mareykanka waxoo leeyahy xiliyo isbedel ah oo hawo qaboow iyo baraf oo kadhaco, Koonfurta wadanka waa kuleel oo qorax joogta ah.wadanka maraykanku waxa uu leeyahay jawiyo kalagadisan. taas macnaheedu waxa weeyaaan hadaad ka tagto gobol cimiladiisu kulushahay waxa laga yaabaa inaad gasho mid ku jirra qabaw. ==Daadka La Deggan USA== * {{Flag|China}}; PRCh.1,200,000++.: * {{Flag|Canada}} 135,000++ * {{Flag|United Kingdom}}:135,000+ * {{Flag|Spain}}:350,000++ * {{Flag|Egypt}}:135,000+ * {{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}:10,000+ ==Beeraha iyo xayawaanaadka== Wadanka mareykanka waxoo leeyahay geedo iyo beero kala duwan oo 17000 ka badan oo wadanka mareykanka u gaar ah. Wadanka mareykanka waxoo leeyahay meelo badan oo xayawaanaadka lagu xanaaneeyo. Meesha ugu horeysay aduunka oo Xayawaanaadka lagu xanaaneeyo waxee eheed [[Xanaanada Xayawaanaadka|Yellowstone]], waxaa la sameeyay 1872dii, markaas kadib wadanka mareykanka waxaa laga sameeyay 57 meel oo xayawaanaadka lagu xanaaneeyo. ==Diinta== Maraykanka waxa ku nool dad ka kooban diimo badan. Inta badan dadku waa [[Masiixiyad]], laakiin dadka [[Yuhuuda]], [[Islaamka]], iyo diinta [[Hindusam]] aaminsanaansho ayaa iyaguna qayb ka ah dadweynaha. ==Xubinka Tahay:== *[[IMF]] *[[NATO]] *[[Bankiga Aduunka]] *[[Midowga Yurub]] *[[Kooxda Labaatanka]] *[[Qaramada Midoobay]] ==Sido kale fiiri== * [[Faransiiska]] * [[Turkiga]] * [[Boqortooyada Midowday]] * [[Ustareliya]] <Ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/amp/news/longform/2023/4/14/how-india-will-overtake-china-to-become-the-most-populous-country</Ref>.:: == Tixraacyo == * https://www.quora.com/Are-the-Rockefellers-still-rich-today * https://www.investopedia.com/updates/history-rothschild-family/ * https://www.newsweek.com/rothschild-family-companies-net-worth-1993369 {{Reflist}} {{Dalalka Woqooyiga Ameerika‎}} {{Reflist}} {{Dalalka Woqooyiga Ameerika‎}} p3wusnv77t99eik05ufoi92lpy8ic4m 0 18521 275546 152533 2025-06-10T12:00:31Z EmausBot 2224 Hagaajin u rogid labalaaban ee [[Ilxaax]] 275546 wikitext text/x-wiki #REDIRECT [[Ilxaax]] agmtygzf6x2gu5hudj3tgyj8oknqpz3 0 19604 275548 235721 2025-06-10T12:18:37Z 161.12.45.16 /* Sawirro */ 275548 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:RPG-7_detached.jpg|thumb|Gantaalka Garbaha laga rido ee RPG-7 ama Saban ]] '''RPG''' ama '''Saban''' sida [[Soomaali|soomaalidu]] u taqaanno ({{lang-en|'''Rocket-propelled grenade'''}}) oo ah [[gantaal]] garabka laga rido, waa lidka [[Taangi|Taangiyada]]  iyo [[Gaadiidka Dadweynaha|gaadiidka]] cadowga, waa qori afka loo galiyo [[Gumac]] weyn oo bambo ka samaysan taasoo leh baalal ay ku duusho, gumacaas [[Qarax|qarxaya]] ayaa wata qayb dambe oo qarxiso ah oo gadaasha dambee qoriga ka baxda markii gumaco baxo, Qoriga ayaa laga ridi karaa intii loo baahdo oo baalooto, halka qaar hal mar kaliya laga rido iyagoo u baahan xilli ay ku qaboobaan.<ref name="dictionary army" /> == Sifaale == Xabada sabanka ayaa loogu talo galay inay duleeliso gaadiidka cadow isla markaana ay ku qaraxdo iyadoo gaarsiinaysa waxyeelo weyn, waxaa kaloo adeegsadaa baabuurta ciidanka qaada iyo kuwa qoryuhu saaranyihiin, waxaa kaloo lagu qarxin karaa meelaha ay cadowgu ku urursanyihiin. Qorigaan ayaa noocyo badan oo kale dambeeyay xaga tayadana ku kala fiican, noocyadiisa waxaa ka mida, waxaana sameeya wadamo badan sida ruushka jarmalka iyo maraykanka. == Sawirro == {| class="wikitable" ![[File:Nvarpgteam.jpg|thumb|Dagaalkii fiitnaam RPG-2.]] ![[File:Obus_501556_fh000021.jpg|thumb|Xabada Sabanka]] ![[File:CumulativeHead.png|thumb|Qaybaha Qarxisada1: Aerodynamic cover; 2: Air-filled cavity; 3: Conical liner; 4: Detonator; 5: Explosive; 6: Piezo-electric trigger]] ![[File:Mongolian soldier with RPG in 2005.jpg|thumb|Askari mangooliyaan ah oo waata saban aan cabbaysnayn.]] |-[[File:Krtsanisi_National_Training_Center,_Georgia_(5).jpg|thumb|Askari joorjiyaan ah oo isku diyaarinaya ridinda RPG]] |[[File:RPG_soldier_and_squad.jpg|thumb|Askari Bulgeeriyaan ah oo wata RPG|210x210px]] |[[File:ASC_Leiden_-_Coutinho_Collection_-_19_11_-_Manten_military_base_in_the_liberated_areas,_Guinea-Bissau_-_1974.tif|thumb|1974 urur iska caabin oo ka jiray Burtuqiiska]] |-[[File:ISF_member_armed_with_RPG-7.jpg|thumb|Askari Ciraqi ah oo wata RPG-7 iyo baalootooyinkiisa]] |[[File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_101I-672-7634-13,_Russland,_Luftwaffensoldat_mit_Panzerabwehrwaffe.jpg|thumb|Askari jarmal ah oo adeegsanay qoriga sabanka]] |[[File:Ручные реактивные гранатометы и огнеметы производства России и СССР - Russian RPG launchers.jpg|thumb|Gantaallo uu sameeyay midowgii sofiyeetka/Ruushka]] | |} == Sidoo kale eeg == * [[AK-47|AK 47]] * [[Dabajeex]] * [[Suug]] * [[Dhishiike]] * [[Shilke]] == Tixraac == {{reflist|30em|refs= <ref name="howstuffworks">[http://science.howstuffworks.com/rpg.htm How Rocket-Propelled Grenades Work] howstuffworks.com</ref> <ref name="militaryfactory">{{cite web|url=http://www.militaryfactory.com/smallarms/detail.asp?smallarms_id=10 |title=RPG-7 - Rocket-Propelled Grenade Launcher - History, Specs and Pictures - Military, Security and Civilian Guns and Equipment |publisher=Militaryfactory.com |date=2013-11-21 |accessdate=2014-05-08}} [[Category:Hub]] [[Category:Qori]] [[Category:Qarxiso]] {{Gumud}} b10jwnao4oretphv9uw05rale99umgt 275549 275548 2025-06-10T12:19:17Z 161.12.45.16 /* Sawirro */ 275549 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:RPG-7_detached.jpg|thumb|Gantaalka Garbaha laga rido ee RPG-7 ama Saban ]] '''RPG''' ama '''Saban''' sida [[Soomaali|soomaalidu]] u taqaanno ({{lang-en|'''Rocket-propelled grenade'''}}) oo ah [[gantaal]] garabka laga rido, waa lidka [[Taangi|Taangiyada]]  iyo [[Gaadiidka Dadweynaha|gaadiidka]] cadowga, waa qori afka loo galiyo [[Gumac]] weyn oo bambo ka samaysan taasoo leh baalal ay ku duusho, gumacaas [[Qarax|qarxaya]] ayaa wata qayb dambe oo qarxiso ah oo gadaasha dambee qoriga ka baxda markii gumaco baxo, Qoriga ayaa laga ridi karaa intii loo baahdo oo baalooto, halka qaar hal mar kaliya laga rido iyagoo u baahan xilli ay ku qaboobaan.<ref name="dictionary army" /> == Sifaale == Xabada sabanka ayaa loogu talo galay inay duleeliso gaadiidka cadow isla markaana ay ku qaraxdo iyadoo gaarsiinaysa waxyeelo weyn, waxaa kaloo adeegsadaa baabuurta ciidanka qaada iyo kuwa qoryuhu saaranyihiin, waxaa kaloo lagu qarxin karaa meelaha ay cadowgu ku urursanyihiin. Qorigaan ayaa noocyo badan oo kale dambeeyay xaga tayadana ku kala fiican, noocyadiisa waxaa ka mida, waxaana sameeya wadamo badan sida ruushka jarmalka iyo maraykanka. == Sawirro == {| class="wikitable" ![[File:Nvarpgteam.jpg|thumb|Dagaalkii fiitnaam RPG-2.]] ![[File:Obus_501556_fh000021.jpg|thumb|Xabada Sabanka]] |-[[File:Krtsanisi_National_Training_Center,_Georgia_(5).jpg|thumb|Askari joorjiyaan ah oo isku diyaarinaya ridinda RPG]] |[[File:RPG_soldier_and_squad.jpg|thumb|Askari Bulgeeriyaan ah oo wata RPG|210x210px]] |[[File:ASC_Leiden_-_Coutinho_Collection_-_19_11_-_Manten_military_base_in_the_liberated_areas,_Guinea-Bissau_-_1974.tif|thumb|1974 urur iska caabin oo ka | |} == Sidoo kale eeg == * [[AK-47|AK 47]] * [[Dabajeex]] * [[Suug]] * [[Dhishiike]] * [[Shilke]] == Tixraac == {{reflist|30em|refs= <ref name="howstuffworks">[http://science.howstuffworks.com/rpg.htm How Rocket-Propelled Grenades Work] howstuffworks.com</ref> <ref name="militaryfactory">{{cite web|url=http://www.militaryfactory.com/smallarms/detail.asp?smallarms_id=10 |title=RPG-7 - Rocket-Propelled Grenade Launcher - History, Specs and Pictures - Military, Security and Civilian Guns and Equipment |publisher=Militaryfactory.com |date=2013-11-21 |accessdate=2014-05-08}} [[Category:Hub]] [[Category:Qori]] [[Category:Qarxiso]] {{Gumud}} h5h0phviayvbwci6gopdgjnrnc52qdu 275550 275549 2025-06-10T12:19:34Z 161.12.45.16 /* Sawirro */ 275550 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:RPG-7_detached.jpg|thumb|Gantaalka Garbaha laga rido ee RPG-7 ama Saban ]] '''RPG''' ama '''Saban''' sida [[Soomaali|soomaalidu]] u taqaanno ({{lang-en|'''Rocket-propelled grenade'''}}) oo ah [[gantaal]] garabka laga rido, waa lidka [[Taangi|Taangiyada]]  iyo [[Gaadiidka Dadweynaha|gaadiidka]] cadowga, waa qori afka loo galiyo [[Gumac]] weyn oo bambo ka samaysan taasoo leh baalal ay ku duusho, gumacaas [[Qarax|qarxaya]] ayaa wata qayb dambe oo qarxiso ah oo gadaasha dambee qoriga ka baxda markii gumaco baxo, Qoriga ayaa laga ridi karaa intii loo baahdo oo baalooto, halka qaar hal mar kaliya laga rido iyagoo u baahan xilli ay ku qaboobaan.<ref name="dictionary army" /> == Sifaale == Xabada sabanka ayaa loogu talo galay inay duleeliso gaadiidka cadow isla markaana ay ku qaraxdo iyadoo gaarsiinaysa waxyeelo weyn, waxaa kaloo adeegsadaa baabuurta ciidanka qaada iyo kuwa qoryuhu saaranyihiin, waxaa kaloo lagu qarxin karaa meelaha ay cadowgu ku urursanyihiin. Qorigaan ayaa noocyo badan oo kale dambeeyay xaga tayadana ku kala fiican, noocyadiisa waxaa ka mida, waxaana sameeya wadamo badan sida ruushka jarmalka iyo maraykanka. == Sawirro == {| class="wikitable" ![[File:Nvarpgteam.jpg|thumb|Dagaalkii fiitnaam RPG-2.]] ![[File:Obus_501556_fh000021.jpg|thumb|Xabada Sabanka]] |-[[File:Krtsanisi_National_Training_Center,_Georgia_(5).jpg|thumb|Askari joorjiyaan ah oo isku diyaarinaya ridinda RPG]] | |} == Sidoo kale eeg == * [[AK-47|AK 47]] * [[Dabajeex]] * [[Suug]] * [[Dhishiike]] * [[Shilke]] == Tixraac == {{reflist|30em|refs= <ref name="howstuffworks">[http://science.howstuffworks.com/rpg.htm How Rocket-Propelled Grenades Work] howstuffworks.com</ref> <ref name="militaryfactory">{{cite web|url=http://www.militaryfactory.com/smallarms/detail.asp?smallarms_id=10 |title=RPG-7 - Rocket-Propelled Grenade Launcher - History, Specs and Pictures - Military, Security and Civilian Guns and Equipment |publisher=Militaryfactory.com |date=2013-11-21 |accessdate=2014-05-08}} [[Category:Hub]] [[Category:Qori]] [[Category:Qarxiso]] {{Gumud}} gmdbojqavmvkhphgjdoasebw59wszr9 0 20673 275586 238503 2025-06-11T01:25:00Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 275586 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Somali Airlines 6O-SBN FRA 1984-8-16.png|thumb|300px|right|Mid ka mida [[Diyaaradaha Soomaaliya]] [[Boeing 707|Boeing 707-338C]] oo hawada duulaysa (1984).]] '''Socdaalka Soomaaliya''' ({{lang-en|Transport in Somalia}}) waa adeega socdaalka laga helo wadanka [[Soomaaliya]]. In kastoo adeegani hakaday wakhtigii [[Dagaalkii sokeeye ee Soomaaliya|dagaalkii sokeeye]] wuxuu ka kooban yahay [[wadoweyn|wadooyinka waaweyn]], [[Gego diyaarad|gegooyinka diyaaradaha]] iyo [[dekad]]o. Intaasi waxaa dheer adeegyo khaas ah oo iskugu jira dhulka, cirka iyo badaha.<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=The First 100 Days in Office |url=http://www.waayaha.net/view.php?articleid=7880 |access-date=2016-10-15 |archive-date=2012-09-13 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6Adpv89x9?url=http://www.waayaha.net/view.php?articleid=7880 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> ==Wadooyinka== Wadanka Soomaaliya waxaa ku yaala shabakad wadooyin ah kuwaasi oo dhererkoodu le'eg yahay ilaa 21,830&nbsp;km. Sida dowladu sheegtay sanadkii 2010ka, waxaa wadooyinka wadanku lahaa 2,757&nbsp;km (12%) oo [[laami]] ah, 844&nbsp;km (3.9%) burbursan, iyo 18,229&nbsp;km (83.5%) bacaad ah.<ref>{{cite web|title=Istanbul conference on Somalia 21 – 23 May 2010 - Draft discussion paper for Round Table "Transport infrastructure"|url=http://www.somalitalk.com/2010/may/istambul/transport.pdf|publisher=Government of Somalia|accessdate=31 August 2013}}</ref> Sida ay warbixin ku sheegtay [[Wasaaradda Gaadiidka Soomaaliya]] sanadkii 2015, in ka badan 70,000 oo [[gaadiid]] ah ayaa laga diiwaangeliyey maamulka [[Puntland]]; ilaa 385,000 gaadiid ah laga diiwaangeliyey maamulka [[Somaliland]]; halka ilaa 195,000 laga diiwaangeliyay koonfurta [[Soomaaliya]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Puntland sends caveat to drivers without legal driving license|url=http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=13752|accessdate=13 May 2015|agency=Goobjoog|date=10 May 2015}}</ref> [[File:Garoweresid7.jpg|thumb|right|Muuqaalka wadooyinka magaalada [[Garoowe]].]] ==Cirka== ===Gegooyinka Diyaaradaha=== {{main|Liiska Gegooyinka Diyaaradaha Soomaaliya}} [[File:Aden Abdullah Airport.jpg|220px|thumb|right|Gegoda diyaaradaha Muqdisho.]] Gegooyinka diyaaradaha Soomaaliya waxay si toos ah u hoostegaan [[Wasaaradda Gaadiidka Soomaaliya|Wasaaradda Gaadiidka]] taasi oo kaashanaysa [[Ururka Adeega Duulista Caalamiga]] ee [[Qaramada Midoobay]] ayaa dib u habayn ku sameeysay tiro badan oo gegodiyaaradeed ah. [[Garoonka Diyaaradaha ee Aadan Cadde|Gegoda Diyaaradaha Aadan Cadde]] wuxuu ka mid ah garoonada dowlada fedraalku ka kaashatay wadanka [[Turkiga]] si dib u habayn laxaad leh loogu sameeyo.<ref>{{cite news|title=Somalia to revive national airline after 21 years|url=http://laanta.net/2012/07/24/somalia-to-revive-national-airline-after-21-years/|accessdate=2 January 2015|newspaper=Laanta|date=24 July 2012|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=29 Bisha Sideedaad 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240829054547/http://laanta.net/2012/07/24/somalia-to-revive-national-airline-after-21-years/|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Somalia regains control of its Airspace, but lacks Personnel management|url=http://horseedmedia.net/2014/12/17/somalia-regains-control-of-its-airspace-but-lacks-personnel-management/|accessdate=2 January 2015|newspaper=Horseed Media|date=17 December 2014}}</ref> Sida sheegtay [[Qaramada Midoobay]] sanadkii 2012, wadanka Soomaaliya waxaa ku yaala 62 garoon kuwaasi oo u diiwaangashan [[Ururka Adeega Duulista Caalamiga]] (ICAO). 7 ka mid ah waxay leeyihiin wadooyin laami ah oo heersare ah. Sidoo kale, afar garoon waxay leeyihiin laamiga diyaaraduhu ku soo degaan oo ka dheer 3,047 m.<ref>{{cite web|author=Central Intelligence Agency|title=Somalia|work=The World Factbook|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|location=Langley, Virginia|year=2011|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/so.html|accessdate=2011-10-05|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2016-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701194614/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/so.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> [[File:Air Somalia Tupolev Tu-154.jpg|thumb|left|Diyaarada Soomaaliya Tupolev Tu-154 oo ka soo duuleysa [[Imaaraatka Carabta]].]] ===Diyaaradaha=== [[File:Government of Somalia Beech 1900.jpg|left|185px|thumb|Mid ka mid ah diyaaradaha Dowlada Soomaaliya]] [[Diyaarada Soomaaliya]] waxay ahay diyaarada sida [[calan]]ka [[Soomaaliya]]. Waxaa la aasaasay sanadkii 1964tii, waxayna ka shaqeeyn jirtey duulimaadyada wadanka dhexdiisa iyo dibadiisaba. Wakhtigii uu dhacay dagaalkii sokeeye 1990kii, waxaa burburay dhamaan adeegii iyo shaqadii diyaaradahaasi.<ref>World of Information (Firm), ''Africa Review'', (World of Information: 2003), p.299.</ref> Diyaarada Soomaaliya waxaa dib u habayn dawkada Soomaaliya ku samaysay sanadkii 2012ka, taasi oo adeegeeda bulsho dib u soo celisay dhamaadkii 2013ka.<ref>{{cite news|title=The long awaited Somali Airlines is Coming Back!|url=http://www.keydmedia.net/en/news/article/the_long_awaited_somali_airlines_is_coming_back/|accessdate=20 November 2013|newspaper=Keydmedia Online|date=20 November 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202231315/http://www.keydmedia.net/en/news/article/the_long_awaited_somali_airlines_is_coming_back/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Diyaarada ! Sawir ! [[IATA]] ! [[ICAO]] ! Magaca u<br> gaarka ! Bilowday<br>Howlgalka ! Faallo |- | [[Air Somalia]]||[[File:Air Somalia Tupolev Tu-154.jpg|100px]] || || RSM || Air Somalia || 2001 | |- | [[Diyaarada Daallo]] ||[[File:Antonov An-24RV, Daallo Airlines AN1173726.jpg|100px]] || D3 || DAO || Daallo Airlines || 1991 | |- | [[Diyaarada Jubba]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Centre For Aviation |url=http://centreforaviation.com/profiles/airlines/jubba-airways-6j |publisher=Jubba Airways |accessdate=22 January 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202133148/http://centreforaviation.com/profiles/airlines/jubba-airways-6j |archivedate=February 2, 2014 }}</ref>||[[File:EX-75449 IL-18D Jubba Aws(Phoenix) SHJ 21NOV00 (6969455929).jpg|100px]] || 6J || JBW || Jubba || 1998 | |- | [[Diyaarada Soomaaliya]] ||[[File:Somali Airlines Airbus A310-300 JetPix.jpg|100px]] || HH || SOM || SOMALAIR || Duulista joojisay 1991 | |} ==Badaha== ===Dekadaha=== [[File:Bosaso port.jpg|thumb|right|[[Dekada Boosaaso]].]] Wadanka [[Soomaaliya]] waxay leedahay xeebta ugu dheer qaarada [[Afrika]],<ref>International Traffic Network, ''The world trade in sharks: a compendium of Traffic's regional studies'', (Traffic International: 1996), p.25.</ref> taasi oo u suurtogelisay ineey yeelato tiro badan [[Dekadaha Soomaaliya|dekado]] ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dekadaha ugu waaweyn ee si xoogan uga shaqeeya wadanka [[Soomaaliya]] waxaa ka mid ah: * [[Dekada Berbera]] * [[Dekada Boosaaso]] * [[Dekada Kismaayo]] * [[Dekada Laasqorey]] * [[Dekada Marka]] * [[Dekada Muqdisho]] * [[Dekada Saylac]] Dhinaca kale, wadanka Soomaaliya waxaa ku yaala tiro badan oo dekedo dabiici ah, qaar kale qadiimi yihiin. Dekeda ugu weyn wadanka waa [[Dekada Muqdisho]] oo [[Dowlada Federaalka Soomaaliya|Dawlada Federaalku]] gacanta ku hayso. Sidaas ay tahay waxaa jira tiro badan oo dekedo ah; kuwaasi waxaa ka mid ah: [[Caluula]], [[Maydh]], [[Lughaya]], [[Eyl]], [[Qandala]], [[Xaafuun]], [[Hobyo]], [[Garacad]] iyo [[Ceelmacaan]]. ===Gujiska Ganacsiga=== Wadanka Soomaaliya waxay leedahay hal [[gujis]] ah, kaasi oo la aasaasay sanadkii 2008da. Gujiskani waa nooca qaada alaabta xamuulka ah oo keliya. <ref>Somalia has one merchant marine. Established in 2008, it is cargo-based.</ref> ==Wadooyinka Tareenka== [[Gaadiidka Tareenka Soomaaliya]] waxaa ka mid ah adeega tareenka ka dhex shaqeeya magaalada [[Muqdisho]] iyo [[Jowhar]] kaasi oo lagu magacaabi jirey '''Mogadishu-Villabruzzi Railway'''. Tareenkani wuxuu le'eg yahay dherer dhan 114&nbsp;km gebi ahaantii, waxaana dhisay gumaystihii [[Italian Somaliland]] horaantii 1910. ==Sidoo kale fiiri== *[[Dekadaha Soomaaliya]] *[[Liiska Diyaaradaha Soomaaliya]] *[[Liiska Gegooyinka Diyaaradaha Soomaaliya]] *[[Wasaaradda Gaadiidka Soomaaliya]] ==Tixraac== {{reflist|2}} {{commons|category:Transport in Somalia}} {{Dekadaha Soomaaliya |state=expanded}} {{Garoonada Soomaaliya|state=expanded}} [[Category:Socdaalka Soomaaliya]] [[Category:Soomaaliya]] [[Category:Dekadaha Soomaaliya]] acj17y818mka385nc4lrqx4c5oo7eh7 0 20680 275584 258321 2025-06-11T00:26:33Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 275584 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Bosasairp.jpg|thumb|right|[[Garoonka Boosaaso]] oo ku yaala magaalada [[Boosaaso]].]] Halkan waxaan ku soo ururinay '''liiska [[gego diyaarad|gegooyinka diyaaradaha]] wadanka [[Soomaaliya]]'''.<ref>{{cite web|author=Central Intelligence Agency|title=Somalia|work=The World Factbook|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|location=Langley, Virginia|year=2011|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/so.html|accessdate=2011-10-05|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2016-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701194614/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/so.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> ==Hordhac== [[File:Aden Abdullah Airport.jpg|220px|thumb|right|Gegoda diyaaradaha Muqdisho.]] Gegooyinka diyaaradaha Soomaaliya waxay si toos ah u hoostegaan [[Wasaaradda Gaadiidka Soomaaliya|Wasaaradda Gaadiidka]] taasi oo kaashanaysa [[Ururka Adeega Duulista Caalamiga]] ee [[Qaramada Midoobay]] ayaa dib u habayn ku sameeysay tiro badan oo gegodiyaaradeed ah. [[Garoonka Diyaaradaha ee Aadan Cadde|Gegoda Diyaaradaha Aadan Cadde]] wuxuu ka mid ah garoonada dowlada fedraalku ka kaashatay wadanka [[Turkiga]] si dib u habayn laxaad leh loogu sameeyo.<ref>{{cite news|title=Somalia to revive national airline after 21 years|url=http://laanta.net/2012/07/24/somalia-to-revive-national-airline-after-21-years/|accessdate=2 January 2015|newspaper=Laanta|date=24 July 2012|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=29 Bisha Sideedaad 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240829054547/http://laanta.net/2012/07/24/somalia-to-revive-national-airline-after-21-years/|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Somalia regains control of its Airspace, but lacks Personnel management|url=http://horseedmedia.net/2014/12/17/somalia-regains-control-of-its-airspace-but-lacks-personnel-management/|accessdate=2 January 2015|newspaper=Horseed Media|date=17 December 2014}}</ref> Sida sheegtay [[Qaramada Midoobay]] sanadkii 2012, wadanka Soomaaliya waxaa ku yaala 62 garoon kuwaasi oo u diiwaangashan [[Ururka Adeega Duulista Caalamiga]] (ICAO). 7 ka mid ah waxay leeyihiin wadooyin laami ah oo heersare ah. Sidoo kale, afar garoon waxay leeyihiin laamiga diyaaraduhu ku soo degaan oo ka dheer 3,047 m.<ref>{{cite web|author=Central Intelligence Agency|title=Somalia|work=The World Factbook|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|location=Langley, Virginia|year=2011|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/so.html|accessdate=2011-10-05|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2016-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701194614/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/so.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> [[File:Air Somalia Tupolev Tu-154.jpg|thumb|left|Diyaarada Soomaaliya Tupolev Tu-154 oo ka soo duuleysa [[Imaaraatka Carabta]].]] ==Muuqaalo== <gallery widths="208" heights="208" caption="Sawir"> File:Aden Abdullah Airport.jpg|[[Aden Adde International Airport]], magaalada [[Mogadishu]] File:Kismayo Airport.jpg|[[Kismayo Airport]], magaalada [[Kismayo]] </gallery> ==Gegooyin diyaaradeed== Hoos waxaa ku xusan liiska gegooyinka diyaaradaha wadanka Soomaaliya. {| class="wikitable sortable" |- valign=baseline ! style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap;" | [[Liiska magaalooyinka Soomaaliya|Meelaha ka shaqeeyso]] ! style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap;" | [[Gobol]] ! style="text-align:left;" | [[ICAO]] ! style="text-align:left;" | [[IATA]] ! style="text-align:left; white-space:nowrap;" | Magaca Garoonka |- valign="top" | [[Caabudwaaq]] | [[Galguduud]] | <!-- ICAO is not HCMC --> | <!-- IATA is not CABDK --> | '''[[Garoonka Caabudwaaq]]''' (Caabudwaaq Airport) |- valign="top" | [[Cadaado]] | [[Galguduud]] | | | [[Garoonka Cadaado]] (Cadaado Airport) |- valign="top" | [[Caluula]] (Aluula, ''Caluula'') | [[Bari (gobol)|Bari]] | HCMA | ALU | [[Garoonka Caluula]] |- valign="top" | [[Baydhabo]] (''Baidoa'') | [[Baay]] | HCMB | BIB | [[Garoonka Baydhabo]] |- valign="top" | [[Baardheere]] (''Bardera'') | [[Gedo]] | HCMD | BSY | [[Garoonka Baardheere]] |- valign="top" | [[Beledweyne]] (Belet Uen, ''Beletweeyne'') | [[Hiiraan]] | HCMN | <!--not BWN, see Brunei International Airport--> | [[Garoonka Beledweyne]] (Ugas Khalif Airport) |- valign="top" | [[Berbera]] (''Barbara'') | [[Woqooyi Galbeed]] | HCMI | BBO | '''[[Garoonka Berbara]]''' |- valign="top" | [[Borama]] (''Boorama'') | [[Awdal]] | | BXX | '''[[Garoonka Boorama]]''' |- valign="top" | [[Boosaaso]] | [[Bari (gobol)|Bari]] | HCMF | BSA | '''[[Garoonka Diyaaradaha ee Bender Qaasim]]''' |- valign="top" | [[Buuhoodle]] | [[Khaatumo State]] | | BHE | '''[[Garoonka Caalamiga Ismaaciil Mire]]''' |- valign="top" | [[Laascaanood]] (''Las Anod'') | [[Khatumo State]] | | LAD | [[Garoonka Laascaanood]] |- valign="top" | [[Burco]] (''Burao'') | [[Togdheer]] | HCMV | BUO | '''[[Garoonka Burco]]''' |- valign="top" | [[Qandala]] | [[Puntland]] | HCMC | CXN | [[Garoonka Qandala]] (Qandala Airport) |- valign="top" | [[Dhuusamareeb]] | [[Galgaduud]] | | | [[Garoonka Dhuusamareeb]] (Ugas Nur Airport) |- valign="top" | [[Doolow]] (Dolow) | [[Gedo]] | | GIA | Garoonka Dooloow |- valign="top" | [[Ceerigaabo]] (''Erigavo'') | [[Sanaag]] | HCMU | ERA | [[Garoonka Ceerigaabo]] |- valign="top" | [[Eyl]] (Eil) | [[Nugaal]] | HCME | HCM | [[Garoonka Eyl]] (Eil Airport) |- valign="top" | [[Gaalkacyo]] (Galcaio, ''Gaalkacyo'') | [[Mudug]] | HCMR | GLK | '''[[Garoonka Cabdullahi Yuusuf]]''' |- valign="top" | [[Garbahaarey]] (Garba Harre) | [[Gedo]] | | GBM | [[Garoonka Garbaharey]] |- valign="top" | [[Garoowe]] (''Garowe'') | [[Puntland]] | | GGR | [[Garoonka Garoowe]] |- valign="top" | [[Guriceel]] (''Guriel'') | [[Galgaduud]] | | | [[Garoonka Guriceel]] |- valign="top" | [[Hargeysa]] | [[Woqooyi Galbeed]] | HCMH | HGA | '''[[Garoonka Cigaal]]''' (Egal Int'l) |- valign="top" | [[Iskushuban]] (Scusciuban) | [[Bari (gobol)|Bari]] | HCMS | CMS | [[Garoonka Iskushuban]] (Scusciuban Airport) |- valign="top" | [[Kismaayo]] (Kisimayu, ''Kismaayo'') | [[Jubbada Hoose]] | HCMK | KMU | [[Garoonka Kismaayo]] (Kisimayu Airport) |- valign="top" | [[Luuq]] (Lugh) | [[Gedo]] | HCMJ | LGX | [[Garoonka Lugh Ganane]] |- valign="top" | [[Mogadishu]] (''Muqdisho'') | [[Banaadir]] | HCMM | MGQ | '''[[Garoonka Diyaaradaha ee Aadan Cadde]]''' |- valign="top" | [[Mogadishu]] (''Muqdisho'') | [[Banaadir]] | | | '''[[K50 Airport]]''' |- valign="top" | [[Hobyo]] (''Hobyaa'') | [[Mudug]] | HCMO | CMO | [[Garoonka Hobyo]] (Hobyo Airport) |- valign="top" | [[Qardho]] (Gardo) | [[Bari (gobol)|Bari]] | HCMG | GSR | [[Garoonka Qardho]] (Gardo Airport) |- valign="top" | [[Taleex]] (Taleh, ''Taleex'') | [[Khatumo State]] | | TLH |''' [[Garoonka Sayid Maxamed Cabdulle Xasan]][[Taleh Airport]]''' |}badarwanag eirport ==Sidoo kale fiiri== * [[Ciidanka Cirka Soomaaliya]] * [[Socdaalka Soomaaliya]] * [[Template:Garoonada Soomaaliya|Garoonada Soomaaliya]] ==Akhris dheeraad== {{commons|category:Airports in Somalia}} * {{cite web | url = http://www.logcluster.org/ops/som/air-transport/airfield-specifications | title = Operation Somalia: Airfield Specifications | publisher = Logistics Cluster | year = 2007 | ciwaan = Nuqul Archive | access-date = 2016-10-15 | archive-date = 2013-11-01 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131101222142/http://www.logcluster.org/ops/som/air-transport/airfield-specifications | dead-url = yes }} * {{cite web | title = IATA Airport Code Search | url = http://www.iata.org/publications/Pages/code-search.aspx | publisher = [[International Air Transport Association]]}} * {{cite web | url = http://www.icao.int/anb/aig/Taxonomy/R4CDLocationIndicatorsbystate.pdf | title = ICAO Location Indicators by State | format = [[PDF]] | publisher = [[International Civil Aviation Organization]] | date = 12 January 2006 | ciwaan = Nuqul Archive | access-date = 15 Bisha Tobnaad 2016 | archive-date = 26 Bisha Sagaalaad 2007 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070926235554/http://www.icao.int/anb/aig/Taxonomy/R4CDLocationIndicatorsbystate.pdf | dead-url = yes }} * {{cite web | url = http://www.unece.org/cefact/locode/so.htm | title = UN Location Codes: Somalia | work = [[UN/LOCODE]] 2009-1 | publisher = [[United Nations Economic Commission for Europe|UNECE]] | date = 23 September 2009}} - includes IATA codes * [http://www.gcmap.com/search?Q=country:SO Great Circle Mapper: Airports in Somalia] - IATA and ICAO codes ==Tixraac== {{reflist}} {{Garoonada Soomaaliya}} [[Category:Socdaalka Soomaaliya]] [[Category:Soomaaliya]] [[Category:Dekadaha Soomaaliya]] g8nznlaj5xr9u5l9ew2kbp92k42ry79 0 20752 275587 238504 2025-06-11T01:44:34Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 275587 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox Government agency |agency_name = <small>Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya</small> <br> Wasaaradda Duulista iyo Gaadiidka |nativename = |nativename_a = |nativename_r = |logo = Coat of arms of Somalia.svg |logo_width = 150px |logo_caption = [[Astaanta Qaranka ee Soomaaliya]] |formed = November 4, 2012 |jurisdiction = [[Dowlada Federaalka Soomaaliya|Dowlada Federaalka]] |headquarters = [[Boondheere]], [[Banaadir]], [[Muqdisho]] {{flagicon|Somalia}} |coordinates = {{Coord|2|2|24|N|45|20|46|E|display=title}} |chief1_name = Maxamed Xuseen Isaaq (Fanax) |chief1_position = Wasiirka Gaadiidka iyo Duulista |chief2_name = Xirsi Adan Roble |chief2_position = Wasiir ku xigeenka |chief3_name = |chief3_position = |parent_agency = [[Golaha Wasiirada Soomaaliya]] |child1_agency = |child2_agency = |website = {{URL|http://www.mot.somaligov.net/about.html}} }} '''Wasaaradda Gaadiidka iyo Duulista Soomaaliya''' ({{lang-en|Ministry of Transportation}}) waa [[Golaha Wasiirada Soomaaliya|wasaarada]] masuulka ka ah [[Socdaalka Soomaaliya|arimaha socdaalka bariga, badaha iyo cirka]] ee wadanka [[Soomaaliya]]. Wakhti xaadirkan wasaaradan waxay hoostegtaa Wasiirka Gaadiidka iyo Duulista Soomaaliya, Maxamed Xuseen Isaaq (Fanax).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://horseedmedia.net/2016/06/25/somalia-pm-sharmarke-sacks-two-prominent-women-ministers/|date= June 25, 2016|title=PM Sharmarke sacks two prominent female ministers|work=horseedmedia}}</ref> ==Habka iyo Nidaamka Wasaarada== * Wasiirka Gaadiidka **Wasiir ku xigeen *** Xoghayaha Guud *** Ku xigeenka Xoghayaha Guud **** Waaxda Duulista **** Waaxda Badaha **** Xafiiska Gaadiidka ***[[Socdaalka Soomaaliya|arimaha socdaalka iyo duulista]] **** Waaxda Nidaaminta **** Waaxda Maamulka iyo Habaynta ==Socdaalka== [[File:Somali Airlines 6O-SBN FRA 1984-8-16.png|thumb|300px|right|Mid ka mida [[Diyaaradaha Soomaaliya]] [[Boeing 707|Boeing 707-338C]] oo hawada duulaysa (1984).]] [[Socdaalka Soomaaliya]] waa adeega socdaalka laga helo wadanka [[Soomaaliya]]. In kastoo adeegani hakaday wakhtigii [[Dagaalkii sokeeye ee Soomaaliya|dagaalkii sokeeye]] wuxuu ka kooban yahay [[wadoweyn|wadooyinka waaweyn]], [[Gego diyaarad|gegooyinka diyaaradaha]] iyo [[dekad]]o. Intaasi waxaa dheer adeegyo khaas ah oo iskugu jira dhulka, cirka iyo badaha.<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=The First 100 Days in Office |url=http://www.waayaha.net/view.php?articleid=7880 |access-date=2016-10-17 |archive-date=2012-09-13 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6Adpv89x9?url=http://www.waayaha.net/view.php?articleid=7880 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> ===Wadooyinka=== Wadanka Soomaaliya waxaa ku yaala shabakad wadooyin ah kuwaasi oo dhererkoodu le'eg yahay ilaa 21,830&nbsp;km. Sida dowladu sheegtay sanadkii 2010ka, waxaa wadooyinka wadanku lahaa 2,757&nbsp;km (12%) oo [[laami]] ah, 844&nbsp;km (3.9%) burbursan, iyo 18,229&nbsp;km (83.5%) bacaad ah.<ref>{{cite web|title=Istanbul conference on Somalia 21 – 23 May 2010 - Draft discussion paper for Round Table "Transport infrastructure"|url=http://www.somalitalk.com/2010/may/istambul/transport.pdf|publisher=Government of Somalia|accessdate=31 August 2013}}</ref> Sida ay warbixin ku sheegtay [[Wasaaradda Gaadiidka Soomaaliya]] sanadkii 2015, in ka badan 70,000 oo [[gaadiid]] ah ayaa laga diiwaangeliyey maamulka [[Puntland]]; ilaa 385,000 gaadiid ah laga diiwaangeliyey maamulka [[Somaliland]]; halka ilaa 195,000 laga diiwaangeliyay koonfurta [[Soomaaliya]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Puntland sends caveat to drivers without legal driving license|url=http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=13752|accessdate=13 May 2015|agency=Goobjoog|date=10 May 2015}}</ref> [[File:Garoweresid7.jpg|thumb|right|Muuqaalka wadooyinka magaalada [[Garoowe]].]] ===Cirka=== ===Gegooyinka Diyaaradaha=== {{main|Liiska Gegooyinka Diyaaradaha Soomaaliya}} [[File:Aden Abdullah Airport.jpg|220px|thumb|right|Gegoda diyaaradaha Muqdisho.]] Gegooyinka diyaaradaha Soomaaliya waxay si toos ah u hoostegaan [[Wasaaradda Gaadiidka Soomaaliya|Wasaaradda Gaadiidka]] taasi oo kaashanaysa [[Ururka Adeega Duulista Caalamiga]] ee [[Qaramada Midoobay]] ayaa dib u habayn ku sameeysay tiro badan oo gegodiyaaradeed ah. [[Garoonka Diyaaradaha ee Aadan Cadde|Gegoda Diyaaradaha Aadan Cadde]] wuxuu ka mid ah garoonada dowlada fedraalku ka kaashatay wadanka [[Turkiga]] si dib u habayn laxaad leh loogu sameeyo.<ref>{{cite news|title=Somalia to revive national airline after 21 years|url=http://laanta.net/2012/07/24/somalia-to-revive-national-airline-after-21-years/|accessdate=2 January 2015|newspaper=Laanta|date=24 July 2012|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=29 Bisha Sideedaad 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240829054547/http://laanta.net/2012/07/24/somalia-to-revive-national-airline-after-21-years/|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Somalia regains control of its Airspace, but lacks Personnel management|url=http://horseedmedia.net/2014/12/17/somalia-regains-control-of-its-airspace-but-lacks-personnel-management/|accessdate=2 January 2015|newspaper=Horseed Media|date=17 December 2014}}</ref> Sida sheegtay [[Qaramada Midoobay]] sanadkii 2012, wadanka Soomaaliya waxaa ku yaala 62 garoon kuwaasi oo u diiwaangashan [[Ururka Adeega Duulista Caalamiga]] (ICAO). 7 ka mid ah waxay leeyihiin wadooyin laami ah oo heersare ah. Sidoo kale, afar garoon waxay leeyihiin laamiga diyaaraduhu ku soo degaan oo ka dheer 3,047 m.<ref>{{cite web|author=Central Intelligence Agency|title=Somalia|work=The World Factbook|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|location=Langley, Virginia|year=2011|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/so.html|accessdate=2011-10-05|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2016-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701194614/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/so.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> [[File:Air Somalia Tupolev Tu-154.jpg|thumb|left|Diyaarada Soomaaliya Tupolev Tu-154 oo ka soo duuleysa [[Imaaraatka Carabta]].]] ====Diyaaradaha==== [[File:Government of Somalia Beech 1900.jpg|left|185px|thumb|Mid ka mid ah diyaaradaha Dowlada Soomaaliya]] [[Diyaarada Soomaaliya]] waxay ahay diyaarada sida [[calan]]ka [[Soomaaliya]]. Waxaa la aasaasay sanadkii 1964tii, waxayna ka shaqeeyn jirtey duulimaadyada wadanka dhexdiisa iyo dibadiisaba. Wakhtigii uu dhacay dagaalkii sokeeye 1990kii, waxaa burburay dhamaan adeegii iyo shaqadii diyaaradahaasi.<ref>World of Information (Firm), ''Africa Review'', (World of Information: 2003), p.299.</ref> Diyaarada Soomaaliya waxaa dib u habayn dawkada Soomaaliya ku samaysay sanadkii 2012ka, taasi oo adeegeeda bulsho dib u soo celisay dhamaadkii 2013ka.<ref>{{cite news|title=The long awaited Somali Airlines is Coming Back!|url=http://www.keydmedia.net/en/news/article/the_long_awaited_somali_airlines_is_coming_back/|accessdate=20 November 2013|newspaper=Keydmedia Online|date=20 November 2013|ciwaan=Nuqul Archive|archive-date=2 Bisha Laba iyo Tobnaad 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202231315/http://www.keydmedia.net/en/news/article/the_long_awaited_somali_airlines_is_coming_back/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> ===Badaha=== [[File:Bosaso port.jpg|thumb|right|[[Dekada Boosaaso]].]] Wadanka [[Soomaaliya]] waxay leedahay xeebta ugu dheer qaarada [[Afrika]],<ref>International Traffic Network, ''The world trade in sharks: a compendium of Traffic's regional studies'', (Traffic International: 1996), p.25.</ref> taasi oo u suurtogelisay ineey yeelato tiro badan [[Dekadaha Soomaaliya|dekado]] ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dekadaha ugu waaweyn ee si xoogan uga shaqeeya wadanka [[Soomaaliya]] waxaa ka mid ah: * [[Dekada Berbera]] * [[Dekada Boosaaso]] * [[Dekada Kismaayo]] * [[Dekada Laasqorey]] * [[Dekada Marka]] * [[Dekada Muqdisho]] * [[Dekada Saylac]] Dhinaca kale, wadanka Soomaaliya waxaa ku yaala tiro badan oo dekedo dabiici ah, qaar kale qadiimi yihiin. Dekeda ugu weyn wadanka waa [[Dekada Muqdisho]] oo [[Dowlada Federaalka Soomaaliya|Dawlada Federaalku]] gacanta ku hayso. Sidaas ay tahay waxaa jira tiro badan oo dekedo ah; kuwaasi waxaa ka mid ah: [[Caluula]], [[Maydh]], [[Lughaya]], [[Eyl]], [[Qandala]], [[Xaafuun]], [[Hobyo]], [[Garacad]] iyo [[Ceelmacaan]]. Wadanka Soomaaliya waxay leedahay hal [[gujis]] ah, kaasi oo la aasaasay sanadkii 2008da. Gujiskani waa nooca qaada alaabta xamuulka ah oo keliya. <ref>Somalia has one merchant marine. Established in 2008, it is cargo-based.</ref> ===Wadooyinka Tareenka=== [[Gaadiidka Tareenka Soomaaliya]] waxaa ka mid ah adeega tareenka ka dhex shaqeeya magaalada [[Muqdisho]] iyo [[Jowhar]] kaasi oo lagu magacaabi jirey '''Mogadishu-Villabruzzi Railway'''. Tareenkani wuxuu le'eg yahay dherer dhan 114&nbsp;km gebi ahaantii, waxaana dhisay gumaystihii [[Italian Somaliland]] horaantii 1910. ==Sidoo kale fiiri== *[[Socdaalka Soomaaliya]] *[[Golaha Wasiirada Soomaaliya]] *[[ Liiska Gegooyinka Diyaaradaha Soomaaliya]] ==Xigasho== *{{cite news|title=Somalia: Prime Minister Unveils His New Cabinet|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201211050009.html|accessdate=5 November 2012|newspaper=Shabelle Media Network|date=4 November 2012}} {{Reflist}} {{Wasaaradaha Soomaaliya}} [[Category:Wasaaradaha Soomaaliya]] [[Category:Siyaasadda Soomaaliya]] [[Category:Dawladda Soomaaliya]] 88f3bd5619vj6869rjmt5v0or1astlr 0 28264 275575 266076 2025-06-10T18:27:50Z 196.191.79.12 275575 wikitext text/x-wiki Khusuusiga wuxuu ahaa taliyaha guddiga boqor Diirye Guure wakhtiga horjeedka gumeysiga. WWaayna ka la ahaayeen sida ku cad warqaddii sirdoonka ingiriiska ee xilligaas <ref>Douglas Jordan's book of the mad mullah of somaliland </ref> " [[Category:Dawladda Soomaaliya]] 9wsp9nqdjxdzcvh5hlkagalukwbm57u 275576 275575 2025-06-10T18:30:43Z 196.191.79.12 275576 wikitext text/x-wiki s <ref>Douglas Jordan's book of the mad mullah of somaliland </ref> Khusuusi waxay ahaayeen guddigii ugu sarreysay ee daraawiishta Sida ku cad warqaddii sirdoonka ingiriiska ee xilligaas " [[Category:Dawladda Soomaaliya]] 4w6yrbps97gnjxar0gkp4bk3d64xdl2 275577 275576 2025-06-10T18:37:01Z 196.191.79.12 I added the full names of the real cabinet of the dervish state from the British intelligence sources other than clanish concoctions 275577 wikitext text/x-wiki s <ref>Douglas Jordan's book of the mad mullah of somaliland </ref> Khusuusi waxay ahaayeen guddigii ugu sarreysay ee daraawiishta Sida ku cad warqaddii uu soo saaray sirdoonkii ingiriiska lagu dalbanayay madaxa ragga khusuusiga ah " [[Category:Dawladda Soomaaliya]] qs6s9fcfx5mfmz949lug8copvpquno7 0 28435 275582 262792 2025-06-11T00:01:16Z 80.233.40.24 275582 wikitext text/x-wiki Dooxada Dagaar waxa dega beesha Muuse Ismaaciil ee Habaryoonis, gaar ahaan beelaha Muuse Tuurwaa iyo Cabdalle Xaamud. Dooxada Dagaari waxay ka tirsantahay degmada [[Ceerigaabo]]. Dagaar waa xarunta dhaqanka saldannada guud ee Habaryoonis Bari ee reer Suldaan Cali Ducaale, waxaana 10/6/2025 lagu qabtay shirkii Beesha Muuse Tuurwaa ee Nabad iyo Caano 2. ==DOOXADA DAGAAR CERIGAABO== '''DAGAAR''' DOOXADA DAGAAR WAXAY ku taala magalada ceerigabo duledkeda konfureed waxayna magalada u jirtaa 15km waa meel ku haboon dalxiiska waxana ku yaala togag rogmanaya oo dabiciya iyo dhuldaqsimed cagaaran oo indhaha so jidanaya waxa dalxiska u aada dhaman ee ceerigabo goobta aya waxa ka dhaca meherada xafladaha iyo wxi lamida<ref>https://images.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search?p=sanaag+map+erigavo&fr=yhs-ima-st&hspart=ima&hsimp=yhs-st&imgurl=http%3A%2F%2Fw0.fast-meteo.com%2Flocationmaps%2FErigavo.8.gif#id=2&iurl=http%3A%2F%2Fw0.fast-meteo.com%2Flocationmaps%2FErigavo.8.gif&action=click</ref> sidoo kale waa dhuldaqsimed duleedka magalada ah aad ayay u balaadhan tahay dooxadu waana mid kamida nimcooyinka eebe ku manaystay ceerigaabo oo ku taala dhul joogiisu aad u sareeyo taas oo ka dhigtay meel roobab badan helaan<ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://elevationmap.net/dhalaax-ceerigaabo-so-1011186355 |access-date=2019-07-14 |archive-date=2019-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714130629/https://elevationmap.net/dhalaax-ceerigaabo-so-1011186355 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> ==juqurafi ahaan== dooxada dagaar waa dhul aad u baaxad weyn oo aad u quruxabadn si lamida dhulka gobolkasanaag degankani waa dhul dooxo togog kusoo rogmadaan oo barwaqo ah waxa lagu qiyaasa guud ahaaan 100km waxay kutala duledka koonfured ee magalada ceriago<ref>https://mapcarta.com/Sanaag</ref> waxa ay dhanka koonfured ka xiga degamada yufle oo la tirsan cerigaabo oo u jirta ilaa 10km yufle laftedu waaxa weye dhul dqsimed aad u quru badan oo dooxada lafteeu soo gaadho dooxada waxa laga helaa biyo area dedaoo dhan waana ilaha biyaha mustaqbalka ee degaankas https://elevationmap.net/dhalaax-ceerigaabo-so-1011186355 {{Wayback|url=https://elevationmap.net/dhalaax-ceerigaabo-so-1011186355 |date=20190714130629 }} ==QABIILKA DEGA== '''dagaar''' waxa dega beesha [[biciide]] ee [[muuse abokor]] <ref>{{Cite web |ciwaan=Nuqul Archive |url=https://qabaayil.webs.com/habarjeclo.htm |access-date=2019-07-14 |archive-date=2019-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714130623/https://qabaayil.webs.com/habarjeclo.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> waxana ay kutaale duledka kkonfured ee cerigaabo<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erigavo</ref> iyado cidna u diidin dhuldaqsimedkeda dadka iyo xoolaha oo umada oodhami wada manafacad sadaan dhinacada galbeed waxa ka xiga dayaxa oo ay degan beesha'''[[uduruxmiin muuse]]''' oo iyaguna kamida qabiilka '''[[muuse abokor]]'''<ref> https://images.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search?p=somalia+clan+map&fr=yhs-ima-st&hspart=ima&hsimp=yhs-st&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2F8%2F8b%2FSomalia_ethnic_grps_2002.jpg%2F1200px-Somalia_ethnic_grps_2002.jpg#id=5&iurl=https%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fthumb%2F8%2F8b%2FSomalia_ethnic_grps_2002.jpg%2F1200px-Somalia_ethnic_grps_2002.jpg&action=click </ref> glfn5aceaopltu82tbfudlbu3unc1cf 0 30144 275580 237111 2025-06-10T22:05:04Z 197.231.202.253 275580 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox qeybaha dowlada|agency_name=<small>Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland</small> <br> Wasaarada Waxbarashada iyo Sayniska|minister1_pfo=Wasiirka|child2_agency=|child1_agency=|parent_agency=|chief3_position=|chief3_name=|chief2_position=|chief2_name=|chief1_position=|chief1_name=|minister1_name=[[Ahmed Mohamed Diriye]]|type=Ministry|formed={{start date and age|1992}}|coordinates=|headquarters=[[Woqooyi Galbeed]], [[Hargeisa]] {{flagicon|Somaliland}}|jurisdiction=[[Somaliland]]|logo_caption=[[Astaanta Qaranaka Somaliland]]|logo_width=150px|logo=Emblem_of_Somaliland.svg|nativename_r=|nativename_a=|nativename=Wasaaradda Waxbarashada iyo Sayniska|website=}} '''''Wasaaradda Waxbarashada iyo Sayniska ee Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland''''' Wasaaradda waxbarashadda iyo sayniska ee Somaliland waa hay'ad fulin qaran oo u xilsaaran horumarinta siyaasadaha dawladda iyo qaanuunka caadiga ah iyo qaanuunka sharciga ee dhinacyada [[Waxbarasho|waxbarashada]], [[Cilmi Baaris|cilmi baarista]], [[Saynis|sayniska]], [[Farsamo|teknolojiyada]] iyo hal-abuurka, [[Tiknolajiga nano|nanotechnology]], hantida aqooneed, iyo sidoo kale kobcinta, taageerada bulshada iyo ilaalinta bulshada ee ardayda iyo ardayda xarumaha waxbarashada. Shaqada Wasaaradda Waxbarashada iyo Sayniska ee Somaliland waxaa xukuma [[Dastuurka Somaliland|dastuurka Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland]], Sharciga Waxbarashada Qaranka, Shuruucda Qaranka ee Dastuuriga ah, iyo Go’aammada uu soo saaray [[Muuse Biixi Cabdi|Madaxweynaha Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland]] . Wasaaradda waxbarashadda iyo sayniska ee Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland waxay ka shaqaysay iskaashi la leh hay'adaha kale ee fulinta qaranka, waaxaha fulinta ee maaddooyinka [[Somaliland|Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland]], maamulada maxalliga ah, ururada bulshada iyo hay’ado kale. Wasiirka hadda jira waa Axmed Maxamed Diiriye . == Nidaamka Waxbarashada Somaliland == Nidaamka waxbarasho ee Somaliland wuxuu leeyahay afar heerar oo waaweyn: hore, hoose / labaad, dugsi sare / xirfadeed iyo waxbarasho sare . Pre-Primary (caruurnimada hore) hadda waxaa lagu dhex daray waxbarashada tooska ah iyo nidaamyada dugsiyada Qur'aanka ee gaarka loo leeyahay, oo soconaya illaa labo illaa saddex sano. Dugsi hoose-dhexe wuxuu socdaa siddeed sano wuxuuna u qaybsamaa afar-sano-dugsi hoose ama dugsi hoose dhexe iyo afar-sano dhexe ama dugsi-dhexe ah. Waxbarashada dugsiga sare iyo tababarka xirfadda (sida naqshadee ahaan) ayaa sidoo kale shaqeeya afar sano. Waxa ka reeban waa dugsiyada dhexe ee Carabiga, oo leh 9 sano dugsi hoose / dhexe iyo 3 sano oo ah dugsi sare. Heerka jaamacadeed ee labada nidaam ayaa leh ugu yaraan labo sano iyada oo inbadan ay u tartamayaan afar. Qeyb-hoosaad kasta waxaa lagu sifeeyay oo si faahfaahsan loo qiimeeyaa cutubyada la xiriira ee warbixintan. == Himilo == Somaliland waxay u aragtaa wax-barasho inay tahay sidii loogu diyaarin lahaa dhammaan bartayaasha inay noqdaan arday cimri dherer leh oo ay ku xardhan yihiin xirfadaha, aqoonta iyo hab-dhaqanka si ay si guul leh u noqdaan muwaadiniin wax soo saar leh, Taasina waxay taageereysaa Dowladda Somaliland himilada 2030, oo qeexeysa in Somaliland noqon doonto qaran ay shacabkiisu ku raaxeystaan. sinnaan iyo waxbarasho tayo leh. Himiladu waxay bixisaa qorshe-hawleed si loo hubiyo in qofna looga tegin horumarka qaranka, iyada oo ujeeddadiisu tahay tallaabo wax-ku-ool ah. Himilada 2030 waxay ku dhiirigelineysaa dadka reer Somaliland in ay diiradda saaraan yoolasha ay sida caadiga ah u leeyihiin ee ku saabsan iyo wadaagga qiimaha iyo mabaadi'da ay ku abaabuli karaan dhisitaanka qaran barwaaqo ah. == Howlgalka == Himilada Waxbarashada Qaranka ee Somaliland waa in la helo waxbarasho tayo leh oo habboon oo u diyaarinaysa arday kasta inuu ku guuleysto nolosha isaga oo kaashanaya waalidiinta iyo bulshada. *In uu helo arday kasta oo reer somaliland ahi waxbarasho iyo manhaj dhamaystiran oo tayo leh mustaqbalkana noqota lacag la'aan si qof waliba u helo waxbarasho heer kasta leh. == Wasiiradii Waxbarashada iyo Sayniska == *Abokor Khadar Xaji (2005-2010) * Samsam Cabdi Aadan (2010-2015) * Cabdillaahi Ibraahim Habane (2015-2017) * Yaasiin Xaaji Maxamuud (2017-2018) * Cusmaan Aadan Jaamac (2018-2019) * Axmed Maxamed Diiriye . (2019 –Hadda) == Sidoo kale eeg == * Wasaaradda Maaliyadda (Somaliland) * Wasaaradda Arimaha Gudaha (Somaliland) * Wasaaradda Difaaca (Somaliland) [[Category:Siyaasadda Somaliland]] 43cpsc9taqdlw8ovgrves7yf5xz3aas 0 31044 275598 234358 2025-06-11T06:40:05Z 50.20.127.150 Shii Jiinpiing 275598 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder |image = File:Eritrean President Isaias Afwerki in the Eritrean city of Massawa (cropped).JPG |}} '''Isaias Afwerki''' ([[Af-Tigrinya]]: ኢሳያስ ኣፍወርቂ; wuxuu dhashay 2 Febraayo 1946) waa siyaasi reer Ereteriya ah oo isagu ahaa madaxweynihii ugu horreeyay uguna hadda haya ee Ereteriya, waana jago uu qabtay tan iyo Dagaalkii Xoreynta Eritrea ee 1993. Wuxuu ku hogaamiyay Jabhadda Xoreynta Xoreynta ee Eritrea (EPL) guushii May 1991, oo soo afjaray 30- dagaalkii sano ee xornimada. Isaias waa hogaamiyaha xisbi siyaasadeedka sharciga ah ee Ereteriya, Jabhadda Dadka ee Dimuqraadiyadda iyo Caddaaladda (PFDJ). Waxaa loo tixraacay xadgudubyada xuquuqul insaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay iyo [[Amnesty International]]. Sanadkii 2015, Saxafiyiinta aan Xudduudda Lahayn waxay qiimeynta Eritrea ku fadhiyaan dowladda uu madaxweynaha ka yahay Isaias Afewerki ugu dambeysey liiska xorriyadda saxaafadda ee sannaddii sideedaad oo ay socdaan. [[Category:Gumud]] rpiui27uetzu020xrjad6791hfj82f5 275599 275598 2025-06-11T06:42:51Z 50.20.127.150 Laautaariye 275599 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox officeholder |image = File:Eritrean President Isaias Afwerki in the Eritrean city of Massawa (cropped).JPG |office = Madaxweynaha Ereteriya |}} '''Isaias Afwerki''' ([[Af-Tigrinya]]: ኢሳያስ ኣፍወርቂ; wuxuu dhashay 2 Febraayo 1946) waa siyaasi reer Ereteriya ah oo isagu ahaa madaxweynihii ugu horreeyay uguna hadda haya ee Ereteriya, waana jago uu qabtay tan iyo Dagaalkii Xoreynta Eritrea ee 1993. Wuxuu ku hogaamiyay Jabhadda Xoreynta Xoreynta ee Eritrea (EPL) guushii May 1991, oo soo afjaray 30- dagaalkii sano ee xornimada. Isaias waa hogaamiyaha xisbi siyaasadeedka sharciga ah ee Ereteriya, Jabhadda Dadka ee Dimuqraadiyadda iyo Caddaaladda (PFDJ). Waxaa loo tixraacay xadgudubyada xuquuqul insaanka ee Qaramada Midoobay iyo [[Amnesty International]]. Sanadkii 2015, Saxafiyiinta aan Xudduudda Lahayn waxay qiimeynta Eritrea ku fadhiyaan dowladda uu madaxweynaha ka yahay Isaias Afewerki ugu dambeysey liiska xorriyadda saxaafadda ee sannaddii sideedaad oo ay socdaan. [[Category:Gumud]] ramgocjvopqlzlyg529680sig29pj8m 0 36203 275603 274843 2025-06-11T10:04:15Z Madaale1 41287 275603 wikitext text/x-wiki [[File:Sandalada habarjeclo reer yoonis.jpg]] {{Farac||group=REER YOONIS <br> رير يونس|flag=[[File:Flag_of_Somaliland.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg|60px]][[File:Flag_of_Djibouti.svg|45px]][[File:Flag_of_Kenya.svg|45px]]|image=|region1={{flagcountry|Somaliland}}|region2={{flagcountry|Ethiopia}}|region3={{flagcountry|Djibouti}}|region4={{flagcountry|Kenya}}|langs=[[Somali language|Somali]], [[Arabic language|Arabic]]|rels=[[Islam]] ([[Sunni Islam|Sunni]])|related-c= [[biciide]], [[bahmajeelo]],[[buraale yoonis]], [[maxamed barre]], [[cali barre]], [[uduruxmiin muuse]], [[idarays muuse]] and other [[Muuse Abokor]] groups <!-- CONFIRMED RELATIONS!!! -->}}'''[[Reeryoonis]] yoonis''' ( [[Af-Ingiriisi]] '''REER YUNUS''' , [[Af-Carabi]] رير يونس , Magaca Oo Dhamaystiran: ''1-yoonis 2- yoonis 3- Cabdiraxmaan 4-muuse 5- abokor 6- jibrill 7- muuse 8- sh isxaaq'' ; sidoo kale loo yaqaan '''REER YOONIS''', ama '''Saldanada habar jeclo''' ) waa beel weyn oo Soomaaliyeed oo ka tirsan qoyska guud ee [[habarjeclo|beelweynta [[muuse abokor]], waxaana loo sii kala qaybiyay dhawr beelood oo ay ugu waaweyn yihiin [[maxamed yoonis]] iyo [[cismaan yoonis]]. <ref>Ciise Musse|Ciise Muuse</ref>.waxaana lagu qiyaasa ama ay ka kooban yihiin 120,000 oo qof waxayna ka tirsan yihiim beela weynta [[Muuse Abokor|muse abokor]]. [[Reeryoonis]] dhaqan ahaan wuxuu ka kooban yahay reer [[Reer guuraa|guuraa]] [[Xoolo|xoolaley]] , dadka [[Xeeb|xeebta]] deggan, [[Ganacsi|ganacsato]] iyo [[beeraley]] . Reer yoonis saameyn siyaasadeed iyo dhaqaale oo miisaan badan ayuu ku leeyahay [[Somaliland]], waxayna degan yihiin dhul xeebeed iyo dhul beereed ku fadhiya ilaa 18,000 KM square ah, Reer Yoonis waa midkamida beelaha [[Habar Jeclo|habarjeclo]] kuwa ugu balaadhan uguna saameynta badan waana [[Saldanadii Ajuuraan|saldanada]] habarjeclo beelaha reeryoonis oo dega dhul aad u kala fog sida nugaal saraar guban xeeb bariga ilaa howdka dushiisa beeshu waxay degtaa wadanka somaliland gaar ahaan gobolada Togdheer Saraar Sool saaxil iyo sanaag waxaana kasoojeeda rag badan oo magac iyo maamuusba kulaha taarikhda somalida waxana kamid suldaan cali muuse oo ahaa suldaanki ugu [[Reeryoonis|horeyay]] ee habarjeclo yeelato iyo wilkisa oo hada ah suldaanka habarjeclo suldaan cabdilahi suldaan cali waxa kalo kasoo jeeda kite fiqi oo aha abanduule inbadan tarikhdisa aad maqashen oo hogaminjiray colki soocane ee reeryonis , iyo abaanduule Caateeye Afkubo oo kamid ahaa raggii hogaamiyaasha ahaa ee talinayay waayo badan ilaa dabayaqadi qarnigi tagay. [[Ceelka caynaba]] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YF2NGVJld2o [[Xaafada cuqubo ee magaalada burco]] ==qaybaha ay u kala baxaaan reeryoonis== *1- [[Reeryoonis]] *yoonis *yoonis *2- [[Cismaan yoonis]] *2- [[maxamed yoonis]] *2- [[maxamed yoonis]] *3- [[looge maxamed]] *3- [[allamagan maxamed]] *3- [[looge maxamed]] *4- Faahiye looge *4- maxamed looge *3- Liibaan maxamed *4- -Abtidoon liiban *4- Hagar liiban *4- Hagar liiban *5- Shire hagar (reer shire) *4- -Abtidoon liiban *5- Abokor abtidoon(reer abokor) *5- Muuuse abtidoon *5- Muuuse abtidoon *6- Faarax muuse(Faarax Jabane) *6- Samatar muuse(Rer Samatar) *6- Guuleed muuse *6- Reer Guutaale muuse *3- [[allamagan maxamed]] *4-[[Hayiile Allamagan]] *4-[[Siciid Allamagan(reer siciid)]] *4-[[Kaliil allamagan]] *4-[[Xildiid Allamagan]] '''''(reer siciid)''''' siciid alamagan 🕳️muuse siciid 🕳️xasan siciid 🕳️ iiman siciid **4-Xildiid Allamagan *5-Wacays xildiid *5-Gadiid Xildiid *5-Gadiid Xildiid *6-Cali Gadiid *6-Colow Gadiid *6-Geedi Gadiid *6-Geedi Gadiid *7-Reer Faarax Geedi *7-Reer Faarax Geedi *8-Reer yuusuf faarax *8-Qodax faarax *8-Cartan faarax *8-Girni faarax *8-Salebaan faarax *8-Alaale Faarax *8-Ismacil faarax *8-Muuse faarax *2- [[Cismaan yoonis]] *3-[[maxamed cismaan]] *3- [[Bare Cismaan (reer bare)]] *4- axmed barre *4- barkad bare *4- faahiye bare *3- [[maxamed cismaan]] **4- [[cali maxamed]] **4- [[wacays maxamed (baale yaal)]] *4- [[cali maxamed]] **5- ibraahim cali **5- siciid cali **5- sahal cali **5- cabdi cali *[[wacays maxamed (baale yaal)]] **5- cilmi baal **5- caafi baale **5- samatar baale **5- muuse baale == Dhulka ay degaan reeryoonis. == '''Gobolka Togdheer''' 1 [[Burco]] 2 [[Fiqi ayuub]] 3 [[Jablehe]] 4 [[Higlo]] 5 [[Warta xooga]] i 6 [[degmada madaxyaweyn]] 7 [[Bali buraale]] 8 [[kaam reer colow]] 9 [[bali hayiile]] 7 Xood 8 Xayira 9 [[wiriir]] '''Gobolka Saaxil''' 1 [[Berbera]] 2 Laasciidle 3 Beeyo-macaan 4 Gaha 5 Eldarad 6 [[Karin]] 7 [[Raaribuul]] 8 [[Conqor]] 9 [[Ceelbaxay]] 9 Gambaxo '''Gobolka-Sool/Saraar''' 1.Degmada [[Caynaba]] 2 .[[Habariheshay|Habari Heshay]] 3.[[Ceeldhaab]] 4.[[Buqdharkayn]] 5.Deg.[[War Idaad|Waridaad]] 6 Ceeldhaab 7 Deg. [[Dhanaano]] 8 Tukub 9 [[Barkada cali xirsi]] 10 Dhudhub Dhiilo 11 Kurwadne 12 Ceelahelay 13 Ceegaaar 14. Dhadhin Wiyileed 15.Dhoobaweyne 16.Dhallaamacune 17.Ballaadhis 18.Bali Godcarmo 19.Wiriir 20.Kalabaydh 21.Bali Cilmi 22.Balli Cali 23.Berkedda Gosha 24.Karinka Cabdi Xasan 25.Barqomaal 26.Deg.Ceelal 27.Xundhurgaal 28.Caromadow 29.Mashruuca 30.Muguca 31.Qoridheere 32.Gumburo Xanaageeyo Gobolka sanaag 1 laasmuuse 2 Baylah male 3. Haadla' 4. Deg.Ballanbaal 5.Ceel Cadde 6. Soddonley == Mujaahidinta beelaha Reeryoonis == Mujaahidiintii beelaha Rer yoonis inta an ka hayo wa intan waxase jira mujaahidiin kale o an cidi magacooda xafidin alle how naxariisto indhii dhimatay inta noola alle cimriga how dheereye 1. Muj : Saleebaan Maxamed Salaad ( reer-yoonis Cali Maxamed) 2. Muj : Abwaan aadan tarabi ( ree-yoonis cali maxamed) 3. muj : Aw-Cumar Ahmed Diriiye ( reer-yoonis reer barre) 4.Muj: Maxamed haybe x.ismaciil ( Reer-yoonis baale waceys caafi baale ) 5. Muj : Xuseen Saleeban Tarabi Ogle (Ifiso) (reer-yoonis Muuse baale) 6.Muj : korneel Xasan maxamed siciid (halataa) ( reer-yoonis reer bare) 7. Muj : Iliga dhiiga (reer-yoonis Allamagan) 8. Muj : siigo cir ( reer-yoonis looge) 9. Muj : Yuusuf jamac dirac Caqar (reer-yoonis Reer bare) 10. Muj : ilma jaamac ducaale mataanaha (Reer-yoonis Alamagan hayiinle) 11. Muj : indha case ( reer-yoonis Allamagan reer siciid) 12. Muj : Suufi ( reer-yoonis allamagan) 13. Muj : Cawil Xaashi Cali geri ( reer-yoonis cali maxamed) 14. Muj : Maxamuud Ayaanle Cartan ( reer-yoonis cali maxamed) 15. Muj : Qaliif sandheere ( reer yoonis bale wacays Musa Baale) 16. Muj : salaad jaamac diiriye baraar reer yoonis baale wacays cilmi baale 17. Muj : Cali Dirir xirsi reer yoonis baale wacays cilmi baale 18. Muj : biiq jareeye reer yoonis cali maxamed 19. Muj: cabdi dheere reer yoonis cali maxamed 20. Muj: Cisaaman Cabdillahi Siciid ( cismaan dheere) ( Reeryonis muuse baale) 21. Muj: Hurre xirsi gaani reer yoonis Reer Bare 22. Muj: Kayse Bigeeye reeryoonis muuse baale 23. Muj: Barre gadhyare Cilmi baale 24. Muj: Bilibili reer yoonis reer bare 25. Muj: tagoogo ina guuleed reer yoonis cali maxamed 26. Muj: aadan maxamed gabal reer yoonis cali maxamed 27. Daahir bidaar Maxamed warsame reer yoonis cali maxamed 28. Muj: aadan gefershe reer yoonis cali maxamed 29. Muj: isgal dubad cismaan reer yoonis cali maxamed 30. Muj: Qaaqani reer yoonis Rer bare 31. Muj: camiraaye reer yoonis cali maxamed 32. Muj: Tarabi Ogle Faarax muuse baale 33. Muj: cabdulaahi bulaale khayre reer yoonis cali maxamed 34. Muj: axmed bile caateeye (sanburo) reer yoonis cali maxamed 35. Muj: gowre reer yoonis baale wacays caafi baale 36. Muj: Yuusuf cali madoobe reer yoonis allamagan 37. Muj: cali geedi reer yoonis Allamagan 38. Muj: Laba iyo luqun reer yoonis reer barre 39. Muj: iskoris reer yoonis baale wacays caafi baale 40. Muj: hure ciise reer yoonis baale wacays caafi baale 39. Muj: maxamuud wadhaf looge maxamed 40. muj. amare Siciid cawl reer yoonis Cilmi baale 41. muj.Amare Cabdilaahi Dirir reer yoonis C.maxamed 42.Muj. Maxamed Maxamoud Xasan (sakaaro) reer yoonis cali 43. Muj.saleebaan cirro Cali waqooyi reer yoonis reer barre 44.Muj. Daud Axmed Hankar Reer yoonis Reer barre 45. bisad Daahir Qodax Reer Yonis Reer Barre 46.Muj. Axmed Cali Saxar (Tx)reer yoonis Alla magan 47. Muj jama Cali Saxar Reer yoonis alla magan 48. Muj. cabdi Geele Cagoole reer Yoonis Reer barre 49.Muj.Salebaan Diiriye Jibriil Reer yoonis Reer barre 50. Muj. maxamed Cumar (Wadhaa) reer Yoonis cali maxamed 51. Muj.Cirguje cilmi Falan Reer yoonis samatar baale 52. Muj. max'ed Saleban Jama (afweyne) reer yoonis cali maxamed 53.Muj.yuusuf jama nuur (Xodha) reer yoonis Muuse baale 54.Muj.Xarbi samatar Daqare reer yoonis Alla magan 55. Muj. Bile Jama Geedi reer yoonis Looge max'ed 56. Muj.Cawale Galaal Reer yoonis Alla magan 57. Muj. Cali Dirir Cali Reer yoonis Cali Maxamed 58. Muj. Haybe obsiinye Dhunkaal Reer yoonis reer barre 59.Muj. Xaaji Jaamac siciid Rer yoonis muuse baale 60. Muj. Caqil Cismaan Caano-nuug Reer yoonis caafi baale 61.Muj. Caqil Cabdi Caano-nuug Reer yoonis Caafi baale 62. Muj. c/laahi Jama Siciid Baydari Reer yoonis Cilmi baale 63. Muj.Gacan Cabilaahi Tukub Reer yoonis Cilmi baale 64. Muj. ibraahim cawil dhegonaw Taransite reer yonis Cali Maxamed 65. Muj. biindhe reer yoonis cilmi baale 66. Muj. Mursal Xaji Warsame Reer yoonis Reer Barre 67. Muj. Max'ud Saleban Jamac Baago Reer yoonis cali Maxamed 68. Cabdi Jama Magan reer Yoonis Caafi Baale 69. Aadan Ismaaciil Jamac jeenicade Rer yoonis Cali maxamed 70. Muj. Siciid Maxamed Dawaare muuse Baale 71. Muj nuux jaamac maxamed (nuux bidaar) [[looge maxamed]] 72. Muj siciid diiriye looge maxamed 73. Muj axmed ismacil haburburin [[looge maxamed]] 74. Muj calanle muuse maxamed [[Looge maxamed]] 75. Mujaahid maxamud ibraahim cadaan weyne [[Looge maxamed]] Ragaaasi dhamaan waxay ahaayeen ragii halaa dagaaladii ad adka e snm gashay : hadaba ku darso hadad hayso mujaahidiin muhiimo an ka tegey ama ilaawey :...........................................................................● == culimada ugu caansan iyo siyaasi hiinta beelaha Reeryoonis == 1: SH [[Cali Warsame]] sheekhal baladki magalada burco, 2: SH SICIID DUCAALE (AW SALAWAAD), 3. Dr Sh. Xasan Sheikh Cali Warsame, 4. Sh cabdi wahaab xaashi sheekha daawenta diinta iskamka geeska afrika, Siyaasiyiinta Caanka ah Ee Reer Yoonis 1.wasiir hore Ali saeed raygal 2.Wasiir Cismaan Abdilahi Jama ( Saylici) 2. AHN 3.[[korneyl Xasan Cabdi Khayre]] 4. AHN Wasiir Hore Abdilaahi Cali Ibaahim 5. Wasiir/Xildhibaan Maxamed Cabdi Xayir (mareeye) 6. Wasiir Hore Hinda Jaamac Xirsi Gaani 7. wasiir Salebaan Warsame Guuleed 8. Abdalle Ali saeed U doodaha Xuquuqda aadanaha Xildhibaanada Reer Yoonis 1.Ex Xil:Ibraahim Axmed Raygal (2005-2021) 2. AHN Ex Xil: Aadan Tarabi Oogle (2005-2013) 3. AHN Ex Xil:Faarax Maxamoud Abdulle (2005-2022) 4.AHN Ex Xil: Foodcade Cali Xasar (1993-2005) 5. AHN Ex Xil. Cismaan Maxamoud Jama (dawiil) 1991-2008 6.Xil. Cawil Cismaan Maxamoud (ina Dawiil)(2008-....) 7.Xil:Mustafe Axmed Cabdilahi (khayreeye)(2021..) 8. Xil: Maxamuud Xayir Ducaale (2021......) 9. Xil:Axmed Muuse Jaamac (2021...) '''Halgamaasha Caanka Ah Ee Reer Yoonis ''' 1. ibraahim Fiqi Yuusuf (Kitte) 2:Xeerbeegti Barre Maxamud Maxed (Barre gadh-dheere) 4.Xeer-beegti Cabdi Xasan aadan (cabdi kidaar) 5. Jaamac Warsame aadan (abaar) 6. Abaan duule [[Caateeye (afkubo)|caateeye afkubo]] == Fanka iyo Reeryoonis == '''Fanaaniinta Reer Yoonis''' 1. [[Saafi Ducaale Dhagaxay]] 3.Cabdi jaamac Diiriye (raamboo) 4. Sabirine Muuse 5. Abdale bidixo 6. Khadar rambo 6. Hibaaq Maxamed Cabdirisaaq mahdi ducaale == Ganacsatada Caanka Ah Ee Beesha Reer Yoonis == 1.[[Cabdi Indhadeero|Cabdi Cawed Cali (Indhadeero )]] alle haw Naxariisto 2. biyayse Alle haw naxariisto 3. Calanle Muuse Maxamed alle haw naxariistee 4. Cabdi Aadan Cismaan 5. Cabdi Cabdilaahi Warsame SH. Abdulhanan Ibrahim Warsame 6. Cabdirashiid Salaad Rooble <references />7. Dr Maxamed SH Ali Warsame 8. Cadnan Maxamad Casaayr 9 . Saleeban Dheere 10. Shiine bushaaro https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YF2NGVJld2o [[Muuse Abokor]] 8xqle9qckijwcyxz3l5ymyo2h05sylg 0 38391 275547 259799 2025-06-10T12:14:37Z 161.12.45.16 275547 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Shrikad - Volkswagon''' https://www.vw-eg.com/ shirkad Jarmal ah oo bixisa baabuurta ku dhex socota waddooyinka waxayna noqon karaan kuwo yar yar iyo qaab ama baabuur cabbir caadi ah 3exxzpklvmvf7oh66nbqr4fhnkrbguw 0 40425 275583 267228 2025-06-11T00:06:34Z InternetArchiveBot 28368 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5 275583 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox university|name=Jaamacadda Hormuud|latin_name=Hormuud University|image_name=|image_size=140px|motto=|mottoeng=|established=2010|former_names=|type=Gaar|calendar=Semester|coor=|Religious Affiliation=|endowment=|president=Dr. Adam Shidane Guled|students=|faculty=|undergrad=|postgrad=|city=[[Muqdisho]]|state=[[Banaadir]]|country=[[Soomaaliya]]|campus=|nickname=|athletics=|colors=|free_label=|free=|affiliations=|website=https://hu.edu.so/|logo=|footnotes=|image=}} '''Jaamacadda Hormuud''' ({{Lang-en|Hormuud University}}, [[Af-Carabi|Af-Carabi:]] ''جامعة هرمود''‎) waa machad gaar loo leeyahay oo aan macaash doon ahayn, waxaana asaasay xubno sare oo ka tirsan [[Shirkada Isgaariinta Hormuud|Shirkada Isgaarsiinta Hormuud]] sanadkii 2010, waxayna ku takhasustay '''cilmiga injineernimada''' iyo '''teknoolojiyadda''' [[Soomaaliya]]. == Taariikh == Jaamacadda Hormuud waxaa la aasaasay sanadkii 2010 iyadoo ay iska kaashadeen xubno sare oo ka tirsan [[Shirkada Isgaariinta Hormuud|Shirkada Isgaarsiinta Hormuud]], taasoo ah mid ka mid ah shirkadaha isgaarsiinta ee ugu waaweyn [[Soomaaliya]]. Ujeeddada aasaasida jaamacaddu waxay ahayd in la daboolo baahida sii kordheysa ee loo qabo [[Waxbarasho xirfadeed|xirfadlayaasha]] ku takhasusay cilmiga injineerinka iyo tiknolojiyadda ee gudaha dalka. Dhismaha jaamacaddu wuxuu qayb ka ahaa dadaallo ballaaran oo lagu horumarinayo fursadaha [[Waxbarashada Soomaaliyeed|waxbarasho]] iyo kor u qaadidda horumarka dhaqaale iyo bulsho ee Soomaaliya. == Kambaska == Kambaska ugu weyn ee Jaamacadda Hormuud wuxuu ku yaalaa [[Muqdisho]], caasimadda [[Soomaaliya]]. Kambaska waxaa ku yaal xarumo waxbarasho oo casri ah, oo ay ka mid yihiin hoolalka waxbarashada, shaybaarro si wanaagsan u qalabeysan, maktabado baaxad leh, iyo goobo loogu talagalay waxqabadyada ardayda. Kambaska waxaa loo naqshadeeyay inuu taageero bay'ad waxbarasho oo wax ku ool ah iyo in uu dhiirrigeliyo hal-abuurka iyo cilmi-baarista. == Barnaamijyada Waxbarasho == Jaamacadda Hormuud waxay bixisaa barnaamijyo heer jaamacadeed iyo heerka sare ah oo diiradda saaraya cilmiga injineerinka iyo teknolojiyadda. Manhajka waxaa loo naqshadeeyay inuu la jaanqaado heerarka caalamiga ah waxaana si joogto ah loo cusbooneysiiyaa si loo waafajiyo horumarka ugu dambeeyay ee cilmigaas. Qaybaha iyo barnaamijyada muhiimka ah waxaa ka mid ah: * Kuliyadda Injineernimada * Kulliyada Sayniska Kombiyuutarka & IT * Kulliyadda Dhaqaalaha & Sayniska Maamulka * Kulliyadda Fanka & Cilmiga Bulshada * Kuliyadda Geoscience & Deegaanka * Kuliyada Shareecada & Hogaanka * Kulliyadda Beeraha == Cilmi-baarista iyo Horumarinta == Cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta waxay udub dhexaad u yihiin howlaha Jaamacadda Hormuud. Machadku wuxuu dhiirrigeliyaa macalimiinta iyo ardayda inay ku lug yeeshaan hawlaha cilmi-baarista ee wax ka qabta caqabadaha teknolojiyadeed ee maxalliga ah iyo kuwa caalamiga ah. Jaamacadda Hormuud waxay iskaashi la sameysaa ururo badan oo qaran iyo kuwo caalami ah si loo xoojiyo awoodda cilmi-baarista iyo in la dhiirrigeliyo hal-abuurka. == Sidoo kale fiiri == * [[Liiska Jaamacaddaha Soomaaliya]] * [[Waxbarashada Soomaaliya]] == Tixraacyo == # Mareegta Rasmiga ah ee [https://hu.edu.so/our_history.html Jaamacadda Hormuud] {{Wayback|url=https://hu.edu.so/our_history.html |date=20240530135258 }}. {{Jaamacaddaha Soomaaliya}} [[Category:Jaamacadaha Soomaaliya]] [[Category:Waxbarashada Soomaaliya]] [[Category:Muqdisho]] gpqx1gzdvve0jevkyghaijhgm5f44qv 0 41677 275572 2025-06-10T17:58:50Z Mohamed Farah Tahar 41096 Taariikh bulxaar 275572 wikitext text/x-wiki Bulxaar Bulxaar waa magaalo xeebeed taariikhi ah oo ku taalla gobolka Saaxil ee Somaliland. Waxay si gaar ah caan ugu tahay taariikhdeeda dhinacyada waxbarashada, suugaanta, iyo dhaqanka. Magaaladu waxay xuddun u ahayd horumarka aqoonta gobollada waqooyi, waxaana si gaar ah looga xusuustaa Dugsigii Sare ee Boarding-ka ee la aasaasay 1966. Taariikhda Dugsigii boarding ahaa ee Bulxaar Dugsigii Boarding-ka ee Bulxaar waxa la aasaasay sanadkii 1966 si kor loogu qaado waxbarashada rasmiga ah ee dhalinyarada deegaanka. Waxaa aasaasay Nuur Maxamed Nuur Dhancade, guddoomiyihii degmada Bulxaar xilligaas. Dugsigaas waxa uu noqday mid door weyn ka ciyaaray horumarinta waxbarashada Somaliland. Ardaydii Caanka Noqday Dugsigaas waxaa ka baxay shaqsiyaad door muuqda ka qaatay siyaasadda, waxbarashada, caafimaadka iyo dhaqanka, oo ay ka mid yihiin: Eng. Boos Faacuul Xasan – Injineer ku takhasusay cilmiga batroolka Cabdiraxmaan Ibraahim Caalin – Garyaqaan iyo sharci-yaqaan Macalin Xasan Cabdillaahi Rooble (Xasan Qaxar) – Bare iyo suugaanyahan Macalin Aadan (Chemistry) – Macalin kimistariga ku takhasusay Dr. Axmed Cabdi Shaqale – Dhakhtar sare Suldaan Maxamuud Siciid – Suldaan dhaqameed Cabdiraxmaan Jaamac Tuulane – Oday iyo aqoonyahan bulshada dhexdeeda laga yaqaan Yasiin Yuusuf Xirsi “Dhuxule” – Aqoonyahan sare iyo hormuud waxbarasho Wasiir Axmed Faarax Cadaare – Siyaasi iyo wasiir hore oo door ka qaatay maamulka dalka Suugaanta iyo Hal-abuurka reer bulxaar Bulxaar waxay sidoo kale leedahay taariikh suugaaneed oo qani ah. Waa magaalo ay ka dhasheen haldoorro suugaaneed iyo fanaaniin caan ka ah dunida Soomaalida. Qaar ka mid ah abwaannada ugu caansan ee ka soo jeeda Bulxaar waxaa ka mid ah: Waa magalada uu ku dhashey abwaan weyn Xasan Xaaji Cabdilahi xasan ganey Dadka iyo Dhaqanka Reer Bulxaar waxaa lagu yaqaannaa aqoon, af-tahanimo, iyo ku dhegganaanshaha dhaqanka. Waa dad si weyn ugu xiran suugaanta iyo hiddaha, waxayna door muuqda ku leeyihiin hal-abuurka Soomaaliyeed. Xigashooyin (References) d7n2en3s7lnemujvpqek48n16e0yk1z